text:
LXC: Linux container tools
Tour and set up the new container tools called Linux Containers
Containers effectively partition the resources managed by a single operating system into isolated groups to better balance the conflicting demands on resource usage between the isolated groups. In contrast to virtualization, neither instruction-level emulation nor just-in-time compilation is required. Containers can run instructions native to the core CPU without any special interpretation mechanisms. None of the complexities of paravirtualization or system call thunking are required either.
By providing a way to create and enter containers, an operating system gives applications the illusion of running on a separate machine while at the same time sharing many of the underlying resources. For example, the page cache of common files—glibc for example—may effectively be shared because all containers use the same kernel and, depending on the container configuration, frequent the same libc library. This sharing can often extend to other files in directories that do not need to be written to.
The savings realized by sharing these resources, while also providing isolation, mean that containers have significantly lower overhead than true virtualization.
Container technology has existed for a long time. Solaris Zones and BSD jails are examples of containers on non-Linux operating systems. Container technologies for Linux have a similarly extensive heritage: Linux-Vserver, OpenVZ, and FreeVPS. While each of these technologies has matured, these solutions have not made significant strides towards integrating their container support into the mainstream Linux kernel.
In Serge Hallyn's "Linux Security Modules: A containers cookbook" (developerWorks, February 2009), discover how to truly strengthen lightweight containers with SELinux and Smack policy. And see Related topics for more on these technologies.
In contrast, the Linux Resource Containers project (developed and maintained by IBM's Daniel Lezcano; see Related topics for the code) seeks to implement containers by contributing to the mainstream Linux kernel. At the same time, these contributions may be useful for the mature Linux container solutions—offering a common back end for the more mature container projects. This article offers a quick introduction to using the tools created by the LXC project.
To get the most out of this article, you should be comfortable using the command line to run programs like make, gcc, and patch. You should also be familiar with the task of expanding tarballs (*.tar.gz files).
Getting, building, and installing LXC
The LXC project consists of a Linux kernel patch and userspace tools. The userspace tools rely on the new features added to the kernel by the patch in order to offer a simplified set of tools to manipulate containers.
Before being able to use LXC, you need to download Linux kernel source code, apply an appropriate LXC patch, then build, install, and boot it. Then the LXC tools must be downloaded, built, and installed.
I used a patched Linux 2.6.27 kernel. (See Related topics for
links.) While the lxc patch to the 2.6.27 Linux kernel probably will not apply to the kernel source from your
favorite distribution's kernel, Linux versions after 2.6.27 may contain
significant portions of the functionality presented in the patch; hence,
using the latest patch and mainline kernel source is highly recommended.
Also, instead of downloading and patching kernel source code, you may
retrieve the code using git
git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/daveh/linux-2.6-lxc.git
Directions on how to patch, configure, build, install, and boot a kernel can be found at kernelnewbies.org (see Related topics for a link).
LXC requires some specific kernel configurations. The easiest way to
properly configure the kernel for LXC is to use
make menuconfig
, then select Container
support. This in turn selects a set of other configuration options
depending on which features your kernel supports.
LXC environments for you to play with
In addition to a kernel that supports containers, you will need tools that make starting and managing containers a simple task. The primary tools used for container management in this article come from liblxc (see Related topics for a link, and also see libvirt for an alternative). This section discusses:
- The liblxc tool
- The iproute2 tool
- How to configure networking
- How to populate a container filesystem (by building a custom Debian one or by running an ssh container)
- How to connect to a container filesystem (SSH, VNC, VT: tty, VT: GUI)
Tools: liblxc
Download and expand liblxc (see Related topics), and then, from within the liblxc directory:
./configure --prefix=/ make make install
If you're comfortable building a source RPM, one is available (see Related topics).
Tools: iproute2
To manage your network interfaces within containers, you need version 2.6.26 or later of the iproute2 package (see Related topics). If your Linux distribution lacks this package, download, configure, make, and install it using the instructions from the source tarball.
Configure networking
Another key component of many functional containers is network access. Bridging (connecting Ethernet segments so that they appear to be a single Ethernet segment) is currently the best method of connecting a container to the network. To prepare to use LXC, we will create a bridge (see Related topics) and use it to connect our real network interface with the container's network interface.
To create a bridge named br0:
brctl addbr br0 brctl setfd br0 0
Bring up the bridge interface with your IP from a pre-existing network
interface (10.0.2.15
in this example):
ifconfig br0 10.0.2.15 promisc up
. Add your
pre-existing network interface (eth0
in this
example) to the bridge and remove its direct association with its IP
brctl addif br0 eth0 ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 up
Any interface added to the bridge br0
respond to that IP address. Finally, ensure that your default route sends
packets to your gateway with
route add -net default gw 10.0.2.2 br0
. Later,
when you configure the container, you specify
as a link to the outside world.
Populate container filesystems
In addition to networking, containers often need their own filesystem. There are several methods to populate a container filesystem depending on your needs. I'll discuss two:
- Building a custom Debian container
- Running an ssh container
Building a custom Debian container is rather simple using the
debootstrap sid rootfs http://debian.osuosl.org/debian/
If you're making a large number of containers, you may find it saves time
to download the packages into a tarball first like so:
debootstrap --make-tarball sid.packages.tgz sid http://debian.osuosl.org/debian/
As an example, this produces a .tar file that is about 71MB in size (52MB
compressed) while a root directory consumes nearly 200MB. Then to start
building the root directory in rootfs:
debootstrap --unpack-tarball sid.packages.tgz sid rootfs
(The debootstrap
manpage has more information
on building smaller or more suitable containers.)
This will result in an environment (see Related topics) that is highly redundant with respect to the host container.
Running an ssh container lets you dramatically reduce the disk space unique to a container's filesystem. For example, this method uses mere kilobytes to enable running multiple ssh daemons on port 22 of different containers (see Related topics for an example). The container does this by using read-only bind mounts of the critical root directories such as /bin, /sbin, /lib, etc. to share the sshd package contents from the existing Linux system. A network namespace is used, and barebones read-write contents are created.
The techniques used to generate such lightweight containers are primarily those used to generate chroot environments. The difference lies in the read-only bind mounts and the use of namespaces to enhance the isolation of the chroot environment to the point that it becomes an effective container.
Next you need to select a method for connecting to the container.
Connect to a container
Connecting to your container is the next step. Several methods are available depending on how you choose to configure your container:
- VT: tty (text)
Connecting via SSH is good if you do not need a GUI interface to your container. In this case, a simple ssh connection may suffice (see "Running an ssh container" above). This method has the benefit of relying on IP addressing to enable the creation of nearly arbitrary numbers of containers.
If your ssh connection takes a long time to reach the password prompt, the Avahi multicast DNS/Service Discovery daemon may be timing out during DNS lookups.
Connecting via Virtual Network Computing (VNC) lets you add a GUI interface for your container.
Use vnc4server to start an X server that serves only VNC clients. You will
need to have vnc4server installed to run it from the /etc/rc.local file of
your container (like so):
echo '/usr/bin/vnc4server :0 -geometry 1024x768 -depth 24' >> rootfs/etc/rc.local
This creates an X display with 1024-by-768 resolution and 24-bit color
when the container starts. Then connecting is as simple as:
vncviewer <ip>:<display>
Connecting via VT: tty (text) is useful if your container shares ttys with
its host. In this case, you may use Linux Virtual Terminals (VT) to connect to your
container. The simplest use of VTs starts a login on one of these tty
devices, which tend to correspond with Linux VTs. The login process is
called getty
. To use VT 8:
echo '8:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty8' >> rootfs/etc/inittab
Once the container is started, it will run getty
on tty8, allowing users to log in to the container. You can use a similar
trick to restart the container using the LXC tools.
This technique does not enable a graphical interface to the container. Furthermore, since only one process at a time can attach to tty8, further configuration would be needed to enable multiple containers.
Connecting via VT: X allows you to run a GUI. To run
the GNOME Display Manager (gdm) on VT 9, then edit
rootfs/usr/share/gdm/defaults.conf, replacing
, and
While this enables a graphical interface, it still uses one of a limited number of Linux virtual terminals.
Running LXC tools
Now that you are running a suitable kernel, have installed the LXC utilities, and have a working environment, it's time to learn to manage instances of that environment. (Hint: Much of this is covered in greater detail in the LXC README.)
LXC uses the cgroup filesystem to manage containers. You must first mount
this filesystem before using LXC:
mount -t cgroup cgroup /cgroup
. You may mount
the cgroup filesystem anywhere you like. LXC will use the first cgroup
filesystem mounted in /etc/mtab.
The rest of this article shows you some LXC basics and some miscellaneous points and discusses low-level access.
The LXC basics
For the basics in using LXC tools, we'll look at:
- Creating a container
- Getting information about (or listing) existing containers
- Starting system and application containers
- Signalling processes running in a container
- Pausing, resuming, stopping, and destroying a container
Creating a container associates a name with a configuration file. The name will be used to manage a single container:
lxc-create -n name -f configfile
This allows multiple containers to simultaneously use the same configuration file. Within the configuration file, you specify attributes of the container such as its host name, networking, root filesystem, and fstab. After running the lxc-sshd script (which creates a configuration for you), the ssh container configuration looks like:
lxc.utsname = my_ssh_container lxc.network.type = veth lxc.network.flags = up lxc.network.link = br0 lxc.network.ipv4 = 10.0.2.16/24 lxc.network.name = eth0 lxc.mount = ./fstab lxc.rootfs = ./rootfs
Regardless of the configuration file, containers started with the LXC tools have their own view of the processes in the system, their own mount tree, and their own view of interprocess communication (IPC) resources available.
Apart from these, when a container starts, any type of resource omitted from the configuration is assumed to be shared with the host. This allows administrators to compactly specify the critical differences between the container and its host and enables portability of the configurations.
Listing information about existing containers is crucial to managing them. To show the state of a specific container:
lxc-info -n name
To show the processes that are part of a container:
LXC differentiates between two types of containers:
system and application containers. System containers
resemble virtual machines. In contrast to true virtualization, they have
lower overhead at the cost of decreased isolation. This is a direct
consequence of the fact that the same Linux kernel is utilized by every
container. To resemble a virtual machine, a system container
starts at the same place a Linux distribution starts: by running the
init program:
lxc-start -n name init
In contrast to a system container, an application container only creates separate namespaces needed to isolate a single application. To start an application container:
lxc-execute -n name cmd
To send a signal to all processes running inside a
lxc-kill -n name -s SIGNAL
Pausing a container is conceptually similar to sending
the SIGSTOP
signal to all the processes in a
container. However, sending spurious SIGSTOP
signals can confuse some programs. So LXC uses the Linux process freezer
available through the cgroup interface:
lxc-freeze -n name
To resume a frozen container:
lxc-unfreeze -n name
Stopping a container causes all the processes started
in the container to die and cleans up the container:
lxc-stop -n name
Destroying the container removes the configuration
files and metadata associated with the name by the
lxc-destroy -n name
Miscellaneous items
Here are a few miscellaneous activities (some related to monitoring) you might like to know.
To view and adjust the priority of a container:
lxc-priority -n name lxc-priority -n name -p priority
To continually watch state and priority changes of a container:
lxc-monitor -n name
Hit Ctrl-C to stop monitoring the container.
You may also wait for a container to enter one of a set of states separated
by |
lxc-wait -n name -s states
To wait for all states except RUNNING
lxc-wait -n name -s 'STOPPED|STARTING|STOPPING|ABORTING|FREEZING|FROZEN'
This will, of course, return immediately. Barring unforeseen errors, you
should expect lxc-wait
to return only when the
container has entered the given state.
Low-level access
LXC uses the cgroup filesystem to manage containers. It's possible to read and manipulate parts of the cgroup filesystem through LXC. Managing cpu usage of each container can be done by reading and adjusting the cpu.shares of the container like so:
lxc-cgroup -n name cpu.shares lxc-cgroup -n name cpu.shares howmany
Now that this basic guide has shown you how to get started with Linux Containers tools, you can start crafting your own effective resources partitions.
This material is based upon work supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under its Agreement No. HR0011-07-9-0002.
Downloadable resources
Related topics
- See the companion article by Serge Hallyn, "Secure Linux containers cookbook" (developerWorks, February 2009) and discover how to truly strengthen lightweight containers with SELinux and Smack policy.
- kernelnewbies.org has instructions on how to patch, configure, build, install, and boot a Linux kernel.
- Other container technologies include
- Solaris Zones (Solaris)
- BSD jails (FreeBSD)
- Linux-Vserver (Linux)
- OpenVZ (Linux)
- FreeVPS (Linux)
- Learn about creating a bridge to prepare to use LXC.
- This environment is highly redundant with respect to the host container.
- This ssh example uses mere kilobytes to enable running multiple ssh daemons on port 22 of different containers.
- Linux Resource Containers project on SourceForge.net is a repository of code for application container implementation in the Linux kernel, a staging area for code that may be sent to the linux-kernel mailing list.
- Download the 2.6.27 Linux kernel and an lxc patch to the 2.6.27 Linux kernel.
- At liblxc, get the primary tools used for container management used in this article. A source RPM is available.
- libvirt is a toolkit and Linux virtualization API meant to provide common routines for managing virtual machine and container instances. libvirt works regardless of whether these instances use Xen, QEMU, or KVM for virtualization and LXC or OpenVZ for containers.
- Get version 2.6.26 or later of the iproute2 package.
- In the developerWorks Linux zone, find more resources for Linux developers (including developers who are new to Linux), and scan our most popular articles and tutorials.
- See all Linux tips and Linux tutorials on developerWorks.


text:
JonoTech needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 116 designs submitted by 31 freelance designers.
JonoTech is a software development company based in Issaquah, Washington. We specialize in high performance websites, and custom web application development projects. We work with a variety of clients including small businesses, large enterprises, and international government agencies to build robust software solutions.
How we're different:
Unlike many larger consulting firms we strive to create a more personal experience for our clients. Our goal with every consulting engagement is to create a high quality product that meets the customer's requirements, but we also want to make it an enjoyable process for everyone involved.
The website is currently more of a blog, but it will be redesigned with this new logo to focus more on being a consulting agency.
Small businesses, medium and large businesses. Anyone requiring software development services.
I need a nice clean logo that represents the company. I'd like there to be some sort of graphic element or mark that represents the brand. I prefer a more web 2.0 logo designs. The graphic element should somehow represent software or web design (maybe bits/bytes, pixels, or kind of a matrix thing). Overall the logo should be pretty simple, nothing too busy.
I haven't chosen any colors yet. I'd like to see some color combinations presented by the designer. Probably a gray will be one of the colors (somewhere around #444).
I was playing with a few different fonts and like something kind of modern and clean. I tried Eurostile and thought it looked good.
"Jono" and "Tech" are two separate words being combined into one. Maybe consider bolding one of them and leaving the other regular. Also consider different colors for each.
I do like this logo, but I'm not looking for anything too similar:

subset: commoncrawl


text:
From: Nikodemus Siivola <nikodemus@ra...> - 2011-11-28 18:20:17
On 28 November 2011 20:09, Harald Hanche-Olsen <hanche@...> wrote: > The test fails on my system (OSX 10.7, threads enabled): Occasional hangs on OS X when threads are enabled is a known long-standing issue. When running the tests on OS X I typically see a hang in maybe 1 out of 5-10 runs. If this happens to you consistently, that's another matter. > The above line is 27130 characters long. After more than an hour of > nothing happening, I interrupted the test by typing ^C, with the > following result: FWIW, if tests seem to hang longer a few of minutes, they really are hung. (Assuming modern hardware.) After such a hang on OS X you can also easily be left with a stray child process madly spinning, so ps | grep sbcl, and a judicious bit of kill -9 may be in order. Cheers, -- nikodemus |


text:
V-Mart is hot….hot….hot!
Tigers look for a quick two game sweep of the MLB worst Twinkies today
Baker goes for Minnesota today as the lone bright spot in their rotation. On the season he's posting a 2.97 ERA, 1.14 WHIP and 7.8 K/9. After being hit hard in his first two starts, Baker has allowed only 5 earned in his last 4 starts, covering 28 1/3 IP.
Phil Soda takes the mound trying to keep up some of the AL's best starting pitching. Tigers starters are tied with the Rangers for the most wins this season from the rotation with 16. Moreover, our front five have 25 quality starts of six innings or more and have allowed three runs or less in 37 games.
Ordonez and Peralta with an off day today.
1. Austin Jackson, CF
2. Scott Sizemore, 2B
3. Brennan Boesch, RF
4. Miguel Cabrera, 1B
5. Victor Martinez, DH
6. Ryan Raburn, LF
7. Alex Avila, C
8. Santiago, SS
9. Brandon Inge, 3B
V-Mart is hot….hot….hot!
As if the Twins don't have enough problems, they have a lineup featuring back-to-back guys named Rene. When has that ever happened?
I suppose Leyland will think of himself as a genius now for pinch-hitting Peralta for Kelly, except that Peralta should have been in the lineup to begin with. I just don't understand the logic of sitting a guy who has a hot bat.
Let's bring him home too and hope that at least one member of the bullpen is ready to play today.
handshakes, gg
5 wins in 6 game road trip was quite nice. scored a lot of runs too. lets keep it rollin boys
its amazing what clutch hitting can do for a team
…i know we still have a lot of season to play, but THUS FAR DD's signing of VMart ($12M) and Penny ($3M) look like steals
Except for a couple spots i really like this Tiger roster – with that said, its interesting to see Matt Joyce is leading the AL in BA (.356) and Grandy is leading in HR's (11)… and Polanco is batting .353
i just saw the replay of Inge's "triple"… and all i can say is, a little luck never hurts. Span has been a solid OF for them… don't know how he missed that one.
It appears the twinkies are getting a little taste of the $100M+ payroll curse (or maybe its the post game-163 curse)? They finish their new stadium, throw a bunch of money into a few fat contracts; then Morneau ($15M) is involved in a weird play suffers a concussion, sits out the remainder of last season and this year he's hitting just above the Mendoza line (and only 1 HR); and Mauer ($23M) gets some viral infection that leads to a unusual leg malady that lands him on the DL indefinately… and time/age may have finally caught up with Pavano (6.64 ERA)… i'm just saying, had they not been so successful over the past decade or so, i would almost feel sorry for them.
Mauer's leg was infected in a bizarre video-game-commercial filming mishap.
We now lead the AL in runs scored. Crazy.
We were middle of the pack just a few days ago, and we're still middle of the league for other offensive stats like OPS (ranked 7th of 14).
I can see why.
Avila is the best hitting catcher in all of baseball right now.
Cabrera is the best hitting 1B in the AL.
Peralta is one of the top 3 hitting SS in the AL.
VMart is the most valuable DH in all of baseball because he can also Catch.
Boesch is as good as anyone, when he's hot.
AJax is a great lead-off guy, when he's not slumping.
Inge has some clutch hits on occasion.
Raburn and Sizemore add a little production too.
Ordonez is a great hitter, when healthy, which he hasn't been this year.
Add it all up and you have a team that has scored enough runs to win 8 out of it's last 9 games.


text:
Welcome to the Official Website for the North Palos Fire Protection District
A letter to the residents of the North Palos Fire District for the President of the North Palos Firefighter's Association, Thomas Mitros... (Full Story & Photos)
All You Can Eat Pancake Breakfast
Sunday October 9, 20167am to 12pm
10629 S. Roberts RdPalos Hills, Illinois... (Full Story & Photos)
Be sure to click on the History Tab to visit our history page for photos and stories of our fire district.... (Full Story & Photos)
The North Palos Fire Protection District is a separate government body, with 3 Trustees and a Fire Chief. We maintain three fire stations that serve the community in firefighting, advanced life support (paramedic service), hazardous materials and technical rescue specialty teams. In 57 years of service to the community, the District has grown by expanding programs and services. The District protects ... (Full Story & Photos)
Your feedback is important to us! Feel free to sign the guestbook.


text:
Health Tip: Having Poor Circulation in the Feet
-- Poor foot circulation can occur as a result of health conditions including hardening of the arteries or diabetes. It can indicate a serious medical problem, so it shouldn't be ignored.
The American Podiatric Medical Association mentions these possible warning signs of poor foot circulation:
- Cramps of the feet or legs, especially while exercising.
- Poor or slow healing of sores.
- Unusual color of the legs or feet.
- Unusual foot or leg temperature.
- Hair loss of the legs or feet.
Posted: June 2014
Recommended for you


text:
This past Tuesday, Mayor Cory Booker presented the seventh State Of The City Address at the New Jersey Performing Arts Center. There were plenty of facts and figures, percentages and statistics flying around. Hobnobbers and delegates, city officials and public servants abounded. It felt like I was on the set of that Kelsey Grammar show Boss (I mean that in a good way).
The Mayor spoke about many of the improvements that had been made over the course of his administration including the not-so-sexy internal overhaul of a number of government departments. Say what you will about "facts & figures" we can all agree that there are monumental changes that have happened here in the past few years and there are more on the way.
Yes, we all know about the Marriott downtown on Broad Street – which is actually the first new hotel development in Newark in the past 40 years. And some of us know that the Hotel Indigo is currently being developed on the corner of Edison and Broad St. There is also the new developments that Prudential is making further up Broad Street as well as the work being done on McCarter Highway for the new Panasonic North American HQ.
The Mayor also annouced a new headquarter facility coming for Biotrial, a French pharmaceutical company and a new building to be built by Fidelco for Cablevision.
In the words of Mayor Cory Booker, the state of Newark NJ is strong and roaring forward!


text:
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101 Dog Tricks: Step by Step Activities to Engage, Challenge & Bond with Your Dog
101 Dog Tricks is the largest trick book on the market and the only one presenting full-color photos of each trick and its training steps. The step-by-step approach, difficulty rating, and prerequisites, allow readers to start training immediately. Tips and trouble-shooting boxes cover common problems, while "build-on" ideas suggest more complicated tricks which build on each new skill. No special tools (such as clickers) or knowledge of specific training methods are required. Trick training is a great way to bond with your dog and help him integrate into your family. It keeps him mentally and physically challenged and helps to establish paths of communication between you. Many tricks build skills needed for common dog sports, dog dancing, and dog therapy work. It's every dog lover's privilege that Kyra and Chalcy took time from their performing schedule to share their secrets in 101 Dog Tricks.
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text:
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Here's that morning mist again.
Taken at 6:00 this morning. It was 39 deg. this morning. There are two ponds with a mist coming off them. One in the foreground behind that bank and the other off in the distance up on a hill with the line of trees behind it.


text:
Brazil's wealth management and investment banking market grew by 15 percent in 2010 and is expected to remain one of the fastest-growing segments in the foreseeable future.
Brazil's tax burden is among the highest in the world.
Brazil's combined corporate tax rate for 2011, for example, is 34 percent and even higher – 40 percent – for financial institutions. The tax system itself is a Byzantine puzzle of local, state and federal taxes complicated by a host of assessments and "contributions."
The system is also so cumbersome that that an average-size corporation in Brazil spends roughly 6,000 labor hours per year complying with all of its legal obligations and tax payments. In the United States, comparable firms spend roughly 200 hours annually on such matters.
There is a movement toward changing the tax system, but there have yet to be any substantial reforms.
Many credit Brazil's stringent banking laws with saving the national economy from the worst effects of the global financial crisis. The regulations perform as intended: they protect Brazilian banks and government control over those banks. Foreign asset managers also face strong competition from competent domestic wealth managers, many of whom have international links and enjoy home-field advantages.
The Brazilian financial system is dominated by six domestic banks, which control an overwhelming majority of banking assets. The state-owned banks in this group account for 43% of assets undermanagement (AUM), while private banks control 39%. Foreign-owned banks account for roughly 18% of AUM.
The Brazilian securities market is somewhat limited, the natural result of heavy regulation and limited product offerings. Many Brazilian investors have traditionally avoided domestic markets altogether in favor of foreign markets with a broader variety of opportunities.
The country's stellar economic growth has changed this dynamic somewhat, with Brazil's growing investor class seeking opportunities domestically. And, while high interest rates have slowed a movement toward alternative investments, many investors are embracing exchange-traded funds, real estate funds and hedge funds. According to Hedge Fund Research, in 2010, hedge fund assets devoted to Brazil rose 75 percent to US$21 billion.
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Forests and Range Lands Aviation Aviation Safety Center Communications Contracting Fire Applications (Software)
Fire Equipment
Fire Management Fire Management Today Fire Science Links News & Information Partners People in Fire Prevention & Education Publications
Risk Management Tools & Technology Training Wildland Fire Safety
The Forest Service is the largest forestry research organization in the world. Forest Service scientists in research stations and fire labs across the country conduct leading research in many fields of wildland fire science including social and economic dimensions; atmospheric science; hazardous fuels reduction; ecosystem restoration; and fire ecology, behavior, and chemistry. Forest Service research has direct application to the safe and effective management of wildland fire and helps inform policy makers, citizens, and partners.
JFSP develops science-based knowledge and tools to support federal, tribal, state, and local agencies and their partners.


text: Blackberries Fail Twice as Often as iPhones, But Less Than TreosMark Wilson11/12/08 9:15amFiled to: failure rateIphone failure rateBlackberry failure ratePalm failure ratePalmTreoBlackBerryiPhoneAppleRim50EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink GIF Research group SquareTrade recently released the results of a massive cellphone study. They tracked 15,000 individual handsets over their first year of use, and they found some large discrepancies in reliability. The iPhone malfunction rate sat at a comfortable 5.6%. The Blackberry (in its various incarnations) jumped to 11.9%. But it's all better than the Palm Treo, which malfunctioned 16.2% of the time within the first year. GIF To be honest, none of these numbers are particularly good, and I have a feeling that there may be a confounding iPhone White Glove Effect—I keep that phone's glass screen in mind every time I put it in the pocket opposite my keys. (Ironically, iPhone users were found 3% more likely to accidentally damage their phones than their Blackberry/Palm counterparts.) When projected to two years, the iPhone's failure rate jumps to 11% while Blackberries level to 14% and Treos reach a scary 21%. I guess it's a good thing we have those ridiculously binding contracts to bail us out after all. [SquareTrade via CNET]Reply50 repliesLeave a reply


text:
Suitable radio
I have just completed two submarines.The Dumas Akula and converted the Revell 1/72 Type VII.Up to now I have been operating them in my local pond on the aircraft band of 36 mhz. This was done due to the fact that I could not find a three channel radio on 27mhz. I finally found two suitable radios on 27mhz removed from a couple of ready to run sail boats.
I have opened up the Akula and replaced the 36 mhz receiver with the 27 mhz.However since doing that the speed controller worked ok but then became intermittent with failure of both the motor and BEC output and has now completely failed. My question is, after that long drawn out explanation,can there be a compatibility problem with some older receivers and the newer speed controllers or could it be just coincidence that the speed controller failed ? I have some knowledge in electronics but cannot understand why this happened and don't want to go swimming again to rescue my sub( it's winter down here). Any advice would be greatly appreciated. |
without knowing anything about the receiver or the speed controller, i can only guess that there is no direct correlation between the replacement of one and the death of the other. however, weirder things have happened. check and make sure the voltage/amperage from the BEC is/was compatible with the 27mhz receiver, maybe it was drawing too many amps and overloaded the BEC. if that was the case, use of an external battery for the receiver would fix that for the next speed controller.
Something that might have happened is that the BEC (usually a Low Drop Out Regulator) just gave up because it was getting too hot being in the space constrained WTC. I would do a quick check to see if you were getting any voltage out of the positive and negative leads that are running to the RX. This should confirm that the BEC has gone bad. If there is no voltage, then it is the BEC.
I was also wondering if poor spark suppression on the motor could have something to do with the ESC failure?How close do you have to match motor and ESC?Is it only current draw or is there something in either the motor or ESC that you have to be carefull of? |
I am not sure that you have been able to rule out, at least with what you have shared with us that the speed controller is dead. On a typical speed controller, there really is two sections. The first section is the actual part that is intended for control of the motor. This contains the necessary logic and power section for this function. The other section contains the BEC or battery eliminator circuit. This section usually provides power to the logic section of the speed controller section, but also provides power to drive all the logic and motors of the servos attached. This section is a small LDO. If these things get too hot, they will fail. Most of the time they are already on the edge of their cooling rating (for that matter so is the rest of the motor power section) as the vendors of these components think that there will be some airflow over these parts. In our subs, there is no airflow, and the internal temps can get rather warm in a WTC. I would bet that these two conditions conspired to kill the LDO on your speed controller.
If it were me, I would go poking around to figure out if this was true, and then order a replacement part and repair the device, but I have the tools to do this. As I described above, it should be pretty easy to determine if the LDO has gone out. First plug in a battery to the speed controller. Then probe with a multimeter the pos and neg wires that would plug into the RX to see if you have any voltage coming out. If there is no voltage, then you are pretty assured that the LDO has died. It might also be worth probing the battery inputs to see that one of the battery wires is not internally broken. |
I have a little electronics knowledge but not enough to start poking around this.The ESC consists of two boards joined with a plug on one end. One looks like the power section and the other the driver section.Access is very limited and for the sake of $25 for a replacement ESC it's probably not worth wasting time on it. |
My only hesitation with 27 MHz systems is that they are the ones found in the really cheap RC toys. As such, they will probably be made with "disposable grade" components. I would expect them to fail sooner than a Hitec made-for-RC system.
The decoded signals coming out of the receiver should be the same, regardless of the frequency of the RC link. And as mentioned above, the BEC may be at fault too. Good quality BECs cost more to build. Even an LDO linear regulator will have a typical efficiency of 40%, and may be as low as 15%. Which means that in a good case scenario, you will have to dispose of 60% of the power as heat. That will become a big problem in the WTC. In the best case, the BEC will simply do a clean thermal shut down. In the worst case, it will let the blue smoke out. |
I replaced the motor and speed controller and tried using the 27 mhz receiver with not much success. The receiver had very little range under water. The original 36 mhz Hitec receiver has been refitted and initial tests are very promising.
Thanks everybody for the advice that was provided. |
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text:
City of Lake Elsinore
Home MenuPublic Financing Authority
A joint powers authority for public financing of capital improvement projects
Board of Directors
The City Council acts as the Governing Board of the Public Financing Authority (PFA). Each year, the PFA designates its own Chair and Vice-Chair.
Daryl Hickman Chair |
Brian Tisdale Vice Chair |
Natasha Johnson Board Member |
Robert 'Bob' Magee Board Member |
Steve Manos Board Member |
City Council/Board of Directors Terms
Because City Council members act as the Board of Directors for the PFA, four-year terms on the PFA Board are concurrent with City Council members' terms. The PFA annually reorganizes its officers as Chair and Vice-Chair. The City Clerk acts as the Secretary for the PFA.
Name | Position | TERM BEGINs | Term Expires |
Daryl Hickman | Chairperson | November 2010 | November 2014 |
Brian Tisdale | Vice Chairperson | November 2010 | November 2014 |
Natasha Johnson | Board Member | November 2012 | November 2016 |
Robert 'Bob' Magee | Board Member | November 2012 | November 2016 |
Steve Manos | Board Member | November 2012 | November 2016 |
PFA meetings are held only as required, at least once annually for purposes of reorganization of Board officers. All PFA meetings are held at the Cultural Center, 183 North Main St., usually in conjunction with a regular meeting of the Lake Elsinore City Council.
The purpose of the Public Financing Authority is to provide, through issuance of revenue bonds, a financing pool to fund capital improvement projects. The Authority was formed in 1989 and is a joint exercise of powers authority organized and existing under and by virtue of the Joint Powers Act. The Authority is authorized to issue its revenue bonds pursuant to Bond Law. As the legislative body of the City, the City Council also acts as the Governing Board of the Public Financing Authority.


text:
Beer For Breakfast?!
Now that I have your attention…. As I type this, I'm sipping on a mug……of coffee. The beer's for cooking. On a recent visit, my daughter noticed an unlabelled jar of a yellowish, amber liquid in my refrigerator. She asked what it was. I replied, "Stale beer'. She rolled her eyes & asked "What for?" I replied "cooking". You can do wonderful things with cheap, tough cuts of meat and beer. We'll go into that another time. It's Sunday & I'm thinking beer pancakes. The first time I had beer pancakes was at a family gathering while home from college for the summer. At first, I thought they were kidding. It's pretty simple. If you're using a mix, or making them from scratch, just replace your liquid content with beer. Those pancakes will be so light & fluffy you may need to tie them down! Make sure you have plenty of syrup. They'll soak it up like a sponge.


text: This Week's Most Popular Posts: February 7th to 14thWhitson Gordon2/14/14 12:00pmFiled to: highlights0EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink This week we discovered the secrets of happy couples, upgraded our office, took a look at other people's budgets, and learned how to start exercising when you're already overweight. Here's a look back. This Infographic Reveals the Secrets of the Happiest Couples PSA: Valentine's Day is next week. Whether or not you celebrate the occasion, this infographic from happiness training app Happify could help you improve your romantic relationship. It sums up several important findings from studies on what makes couples happy.Top 10 DIY Office Upgrades So maybe your workspace isn't a cluttered mess, but maybe it just isn't the haven of productivity you wish it was. If you're looking to upgrade from your modest laptop on a desk to something more impressive, here are 10 cheap DIY upgrades to make it a battlestation worthy of your time. Three People, Three Salaries: How They Spend and Save Ever wished you could peek at the spending habits of someone with the same salary as you? We asked three brave writers to reveal just that—their salaries, budgeting strategies, and financial goals for the year.How to Start Exercising When You're Already Overweight Healthy living isn't easy. For some, it comes naturally, but for those folks who are already overweight—large enough that it's difficult or even painful to do what thinner people can do—it's even tougher to get started. Here are some tips to help.The Best Drinks for When You are Sick, Exercising, and More After exercising, chocolate milk is best. Ginger tea helps with nausea, sore throat and motion sickness. Different drinks work well for different situations and Greatist has a fantastic post rounding up what you should drink in any event. Here are a few samples. Survive a Fall Through Ice with This Illustrated Guide Falling into a frozen lake is no laughing matter, and getting out isn't as easy as it might seem. The folks over at The Art Of Manliness have put together a great guide to surviving a fall through ice.Eight Things You Can Discard to Downsize Your Life How much stuff do we really need to lead a normal life? Not as much as you might think. In 2009 I moved into a 200-square-foot cottage. The rent and location were awesome, but there was one problem: Half my stuff didn't fit in the place. So I got rid of it.Tips from a Recruiter: Don't Make Me Read Your Resume I will read your résumé unless it's10 pages, but (just as you didn't want to write your résumé) I really don't want to read your résumé. To put it another way, I don't want to read it because Imustin order to make a yes/no decision.Turn Your Old Laptop Into a DIY Hideaway Media Center for TV Busted your laptop screen or just have no use for the old notebook any more? Snapguide user Vaibhav has a neat DIY project to turn it into a slide-out PC for your TV. And you can load up XBMC on it for a fantastic media center.How to Watch the Sochi Olympics Online Without a Cable Account The Sochi Olympics are in full swing, but Americans looking to watch the games online need a cable account to check out NBC's coverage. There are ways around it though. Here's what you'll need to do.How Can I Avoid Filler Words Like "Um" When I Talk? Dear Lifehacker,I have a tendency to use a lot of filler words when I talk, like "um" and "like"...and I've recently realized how bad it sounds, especially during presentations at work. How can I train myself to eliminate these from my speech?The Best Resources to Learn to Code We've talked about the best programming languages to get started with, why you should (and shouldn't) learn to code, and even highlighted some great tools to get started, but let's be honest; they're all the tip of the iceberg, especially if you're looking to learn something specific. Let's make a list of the best resources to learn to code, from the general to the specific. Five Best Feature Phones Most of us love our smartphones, but not everyone needs one. For some people, a phone that makes phone calls, maybe keeps track of our phone numbers, and is easy to text on is more than enough. Whether it's to save money on mobile data or to keep complexity down, this week we're looking at five of the best regular feature phones (also known as "dumbphones"), based on your nominations.How to Organize A Lot of Clothing in Very Little Closet Space I havea lotof clothes, and in the dozen or so homes I've lived in, many have had very little closet space. Here is 12+ years worth of tips on how to cram your stuff into the minimal space you have. Women may benefit the most from these tips, but men might learn a thing or two!


text:
See more photos from this game in the OCVarsity Hot Shots slideshow.
Most Viewed Stories
Mater Dei shows power, whips No. 3 Orange Lutheran
There isn't a gap between Mater Dei and the rest of the girls basketball teams in Orange County.
It's more like a chasm.
The top-ranked Monarchs dominated No. 3 Orange Lutheran, 72-32, in a Trinity League game on Friday night at Orange Lutheran High.
Mater Dei (16-0, 3-0), ranked No. 1 in the state by Cal-Hi Sports and in the nation by USA Today, has now beaten No. 2 Troy and No. 3 Orange Lutheran (16-2, 2-1) by a combined 76 points.
"They didn't just beat us and Troy, they've beaten teams that were ranked top 10 in the country," said Lancers coach Tom Howard, whose team is ranked No. 1 in CIF-SS Division 2A. "That's something that's maybe easy to forget. People shouldn't forget that.
"They are a team that's really well coached. I don't think (Mater Dei coach) Kevin (Kiernan) gets enough credit and his staff and the job they do."
OCVarsity Hot Shots: Friday's basketball games
Orange Lutheran had a brief 2-0 lead before Mater Dei put together a 29-0 run to bury the Lancers early in the second quarter. The Lancers didn't make their first field goal until Sydney Jacobs' basket with 5:13 left in the half.
Stanford-bound Karlie Samuelson attacked the basket and hit 3-pointers from outside for 19 points in the first half. She finished with 21 points.
Mater Dei's press created a ton of turnovers and kick-started the transition game for some easy baskets. Sophomore point guard Andee Velasco dished out seven assists and freshman Jayde Woods scored 19 points.
Sophomore Katie Lou Samuelson buried three consecutive 3-pointers in the third quarter and finished with 21 points.
"Tonight was the first night that our press was a weapon," Mater Dei coach Kevin Kiernan said. "We've been working on it and trying to get better at it. We feel is we could add that to what we've been doing it will help us down the road. And tonight was the first time we turned people over a lot in the press. I thought we did a great job."
No one in Orange Lutheran's lineup finished with more than seven points.
In the Pacific Coast League:
Irvine 69, Northwood 65: Brittany Lambeth scored 20 points to help the visiting Vaqueros (11-6, 2-0) knock off the Timberwolves (13-4, 0-2), ranked No. 5 in Division 3AA. Danielle Munson had 26 points and 15 rebounds for Northwood.
In the Freeway League:
La Habra 58, Sunny Hills 40: Allyson O'Brien scored 33 points, including three 3-pointers, to lift the visiting Highlanders (12-6, 1-2) over the Lancers (10-9, 1-2), who got 25 points from Madison Cruse.
In the Century League:
El Modena 55, Esperanza 53: Alexis Enriquez had 13 points and five assists and Yasmine Yancey had 11 points to help host Vanguards (5-15, 1-5) win their first league game since the 2009-10 season.
Contact the writer: email@example.com


text: DictionarygourdPronunciation: (gôrd, gōrd, goord), [key] —n. 1. the hard-shelled fruit of any of various plants, esp. those of Lagenaria siceraria (white-flowered gourd or bottle gourd), whose dried shell is used for bowls and other utensils, and Cucurbita pepo (yellow-flowered gourd), used ornamentally. Cf. gourd family. 2. a plant bearing such a fruit. 3. a dried and excavated gourd shell used as a bottle, dipper, flask, etc. 4. a gourd-shaped, small-necked bottle or flask. 5. out of or off one's gourd, Slang.out of one's mind; crazy. Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Copyright © 1997, by Random House, Inc., on Infoplease.


text:
Marvel vs. Capcom 2
Roll by Khaotika
Version: 2.2 | Updated: 07/26/00 | Search Guide | Bookmark Guide
Khaotika's MvC2 ROLL FAQ
Version 2.2
Newest revision: 7/26/00
4/27/00, submitted 4/29/00, revised 5/29/00, 6/13/00
*Note- this FAQ was completely researched by Khaotika! (Jon)
<firstname.lastname@example.com> If you quote something from this, please give
me an email beforehand..otherwise, see the credits section.
This FAQ can be found at www.gamefaqs.com
and at www.gamesdomain.co.uk/
Also at www.khaotika.com/mvc2.html
...If you want to use it for your site, email me first, please.
UPDATES and REVISIONS
7-28-00: Added some partners/added translations and animations/fixed and
revised a few things/more combos
6-13-00: Added basic attacks/another URL/made corrections/added fun
stuff/snapback info/more combos
5-29-00: Added more everywhere.. Added Table of Contents.
4-29-00: Added a bit more overall, corrected some mistakes.
4-28-00: Added more to strategies and combos section. Fixed some typing
4-27-00: Totally new.
The basics for this game have remained unchanged since the start of the
vs. series, only you now have 4 basic buttons and 2 assist buttons. You
can select the character's assist at the select screen.
To get a strong, you have to press jab, then jab to get a strong. For a
forward, press short, then short. This only works in combos, however..
And you can cross these up as well, like jab to forward, or short to
strong. The assist buttons call out your other two characters for an
assisted attack.
This is the layout:
Joystick------ Jab Fierce Assist 1
Short R.house Assist 2
And the key to the moves and combos:
Superjump; SJ; SJump - quickly press down, then up
U- Up
UF- Up-Forward
F- Forward
DF- Down-Forward
D- Down
DB- Down-Back
B- Back
UB- Up-Back
D, DF, F - lists like these tell you to roll from down to forward in one
motion, then apply the button presses.
DASH - F, F or B, B or 2 punches simultaneously. Character moves faster
than normal speed. Use it to advance or retreat.
BLOCK - Press joystick/pad away from opponent while they attack. Can
also be done in midair.
ADVANCING GUARD - While blocking, press 2 punches simultaneously, to
push back an attacking opponent.
ROLL - B, DB, D + Any punch or kick. - When knocked down, use this to
prevent follow up attacks.
SAFE FALL/BREAK AWAY - Press joystick/pad in any direction except up +
Fierce or R.house - You can fall or get away safely from a hold, throw,
or being knocked out of the air.
VARIABLE COUNTER - D, DB, D + Assist button - While blocking, do this,
and one of your partners will come out, counter-attacking, and switch
characters. This uses one level of super meter.
VARIABLE ATTACK - Press jab and short or fierce and r.house to switch
characters. Characters that have damage will recover the red portion of
their life while resting.
XX- cancel (XX into is cancel into)
OTG- on the ground. Means that you can continue the combo/move/super
while the opponent is on the ground.
ASSIST- One of two buttons that will call in your other partners for a
special quick attack.
SNAPBACK- D, DF, F + Assist button. Tired of your main opponent? Then
force him out by doing a snapback. Assist 1 will bring in the 2nd
character, while assist 2 will bring in the 3rd.
DELAYED HYPER COMBOS- This is also the first game where you can cancel
supers into other supers. For instance, you use Venom Web, then cancel
before Venom's finished into Tron's Lunch Rush. Both supers will
connect, and Venom will switch out to Tron. You can also use 3
supers/characters for this. Experiment with different teams to find a
Delayed Hyper Combo that suits your characters.
DOUBLE/TRIPLE TEAM- Press both Assist buttons to activate all your
characters supers. The super the character uses depends on which assist
you picked. This move uses 2 or 3 bars of the super meter, depending on
how many characters you still have, or how much super bar has been
The rest is pretty self-explanatory, and if you really don't know how to
play one of these games by now, then this probably isn't the place to
start with.... :P
-Roll is from the Megaman series from Capcom. She is the little sister
of Megaman (known as Rockman in Japan), and was originally built to be a
housekeeping robot, by her creator Dr. Light. Fed up with Megaman going
out to fight the badguys and being left behind to be the housekeeper,
Roll charges headlong into battle using an old Rock buster attachment,
an exploding bouquet, and Megaman's long-time helpers Flip-Top (aka
Eddie), Beat, and Rush. She's here to kick ass and take names!! :)
- For the DC, hold short kick, and press start. Roll poses, tugs on her
hair ribbon, and says something in Japanese. She used to say "Makenai
wa!" / "I won't lose!" , but it sounds like something different this
time. I'll check my sources and get back to this.
- For the arcade, just press start... Duh.
Opening Animation 1: Roll rides in on the back of Rush, jumps off, and
Rush continues running off-screen. (Parodies Strider)
Open Animation 2: Flies in on Beat, and drops down to the ground.
(Parodies Strider)
Open Animation 3: Stands, and kicks Flip-Top. She pulls her ribbon,
saying something, as Flip-Top exits off-screen.
Win 1: Roll's clothes flash for an instant, and then reform into a cute
little school dress, complete with backpack. She poses. ^_^
Win 2: Megaman trots in, and makes a face at Roll, who cries.
Win 3: Megaman drops down in the Beat Plane, making Roll's skirt flip up
a bit. She holds it down as Megaman smiles. (PERVERT!!!)
Win 4: Roll poses, crossing one of her arms over the other at the elbow,
and says something. (I think the speech was removed from this win pose
for MvC2)
Win 5: Rush appears, and sits next to Roll, as she adapts the pose in
Win 4. A hologram with Dr.Light emits from Rush, and she replies to the
hologram. "Yatta ne!"/"I did it!"
Timeover Loss: Roll collapses to the ground, bawling her eyes out. :(
Loss: Roll shrieks, falling to the ground, then evaporates, ala the
classic 'death' of all the Megaman games.
Jump: Roll holds down her dress, and says "Ecchi!"/"Pervert!"
Crouch: Roll has her hands on her knees, playfully looking at the
Forward Walk: Roll walks forward, holding her hands near her face,
looking curious.
Backwards WalK: Roll holds her hands near her body, walking backwards.
She appears intimidated.
Taunt: /
Assist: "Tasukete!"/"Help me!"
Victory 1: "Yatta ne!"/"I did it!"
Misc speech: "Yamete!"/"Stop it!" (in a cut-it-out way)
"Konaide!"/"Stay away!" (or "Don't come near!!")
Hyper Roll: "Makenai wa!"/"I won't lose!"
-NOTE: Whatever color you pick, when Megaman appears in Roll's win
animations, his colors will be the corresponding color. (ie R.house
Roll/R.house Megaman)
(Jab) Red dress, gray sleeves, with white trim. Blonde hair, green hair
ribbon (basic color)
(short) Dark gray dress, gray sleeves, white trim. Blonde hair, blue-
green hair ribbon.
Goth Roll
(fierce) Pink dress, strawberry red sleeves, white trim. Blonde hair,
red hair ribbon.
Strawberry Shortcake Roll
(r.house) White dress, blue sleeves, white trim. Blonde hair, white hair
Ice Princess Roll
(assist 1) Blue dress, lite blue sleeves, white trim. Blonde hair, blue
hair ribbon.
Rhapsody in Blue Roll
(assist 2) Lite blue dress, purple sleeves, white trim, dark skin. Lite
pink hair, green hair ribbon.
Random Chaos Roll
- Most of Roll's attacks indicate that she's a passive character, but
that doesn't mean she won't take it easy on you. ;)
stand Jab - Forward tap. Fair priority.
crouch Jab - Ankle poke. Good priority.
jumping Jab - Jumping poke. Good priority.
stand Strong - Stretching Follow-Through Cross Punch. Good priority.
crouch Strong - crouch version of standing strong. Pops enemy up for any
additional hits. Good priority.
jumping Strong - jumping version of standing strong. Good priority.
stand Fierce - Swiping slap. Great priority.
crouch Fierce - Diagonally upward Defensive Punch. Fair priority.
jumping Fierce - Jumping Downwards slap. Great priority.
stand Short - Tiny shin kick. Fair priority.
crouch Short - Defensive shin kick. Fair priority.
jumping Short - Jumping tiny kick. Has same animation as standing short.
Fair priority.
stand Forward - Standing Upper shin kick. Same animation as cr. short.
Good priority.
crouch Forward - Deep Poking kick. Same animation as jumping r.house.
Good priority.
jumping Forward - Jumping anger kick. Same animation as stand r.house.
Good priority.
stand R.house - Standing furious kick. Good priority.
crouch R.house - All purpose ground slide. Moving knockdown. One of her
more useful attacks. Great priority. Can OTG other moves afterward.
jumping R.house - Jumping horizontal arc cutting kick. Great priority.
Good as jump in or combo finisher. Stuns enemy momentarily.
Up + jumping R.house - Jumping overhead vertical cutting kick. Great
*See OTHER MOVES section for more uses of Roll's basic attacks.*
Alpha/Projectile Type: Roll Buster. Fireball move. Pretty quick, but
hits low, and travels slowly. The best assist, IMO.
Beta/Variety Type: Flower Bouquet. Roll launches an exploding flower
bouquet. Hits high, but travels slowly. Has to be in close range. REALLY
horrible assist, because it's slow, and people can see it coming from a
mile away.. Of course, this also could be useful for using confusion
Gamma/Balance Type: Same as Beta. You're better off choosing the Alpha
-Roll's team supers are all the same no matter what assist you pick..-
A: Hyper Roll - The best way to use this is for Roll to lead off the
team super, because of the initial start up hit. Otherwise, it does less
than average damage. Does pitiful block damage if blocked. Make sure to
get the enemy into her electricity beam, for maximum damage.
B: Hyper Roll - See A.
G: Hyper Roll - Again, see A.
Roll Buster: D, DF, F + P (punch pressed determines range) Roll grabs
her old Rock buster, puts it on her arm, and shoots a fireball about her
size towards the enemy. Can be done in midair. Jab is a slower fireball,
while Fierce is a faster fireball. Both of them hit only once, and can
be used in a combo. Her recovery time is slow, but not painfully slow.
Can be used in OTG combos.
Flower Bouquet: F, D, DF + P (punch pressed determines height and angle)
Roll produces a bouquet of flowers which explode on contact; if they
don't connect, they explode eventually. Jab is a higher angle, but the
area of contact is short range. Fierce is a lower angle, but the area of
contact is long range. Really slow, and hard to connect. That and it's
very, very hard to produce.. 95% percent of the time you try to do this,
you always get Roll Buster..
- Kao Megura suggests doing the move motion as D, DF, F twice, then
pressing the punch button. This makes pulling this move off easier.
Item Change: Flip-Top appears, and gives Roll one of three weapons,
which can be interchanged with different commands.
-To use these items: D, DB, B + P. For Leaf shield, you have to do the
motion twice.
IC Rockball: D, DF, F + K. This is the standard item Roll starts out
with. Roll drops a soccerball out. To use it, you have to kick it. The
angle of the kick determines the angle of the ball's movement. This hits
2-4 times depending on the placement and size of the enemy. It flies off
screen after bouncing around a few times. Useful as a surprise from
behind, but not too much else. Can be used for OTG combos.
IC Leaf Shield: D, DB, B + K. Roll forms a leaf shield around her. To
fire it, use D, DB, B+P. This can be used in midair, but this is the
slowest of the items. A fireball, beam, multi-hit or super move will
disintegrate the shield. Can be used for OTG combos.
IC Tornado Hold: F, D, DF + K. Roll uses a small gust of wind to pop the
opponent up. Not as dangerous as before. Jab will get a closer tornado,
while fierce yields a tornado with a farther reach. Very useful, and can
be used for OTG combos. It's very difficult for me to pull off for some
reason, but maybe that's just my controller. Still one her best keepaway
moves, plus it sets up a good wall for you while you retreat.
- Kao Megura suggests doing the move motion as D, DF, F twice, then
pressing the kick button. This makes pulling this move off easier.
Throw: F + Fierce Punch - Roll does a body throw, with your opponent.
This can be done in mid-air, and can be used in a combo. She has one of
the best throw priorities in the game.
Jumping R.house: This move will stun your opponent for about one real-
time second. Use this to help out Roll's combo game. This move does
NOTHING to those with super-armor unless you use a hit before it. (EG:
Juggernaut/Hulk/Sentinel/Powered up Silver Samurai/Armor Colossus)
Up + jumping R.house: A different kick, that uses a sweeping kick over
your enemies' heads. Very useful as a jump-in, but so is the regular
D+r.house (on the ground): Slide: Use this to finish combos, set up
combos, or for keepaway tactics, followed by a Roll Buster.
Crouching strong: Used after a standing jab, this move will pop your
enemy up momentarily, allowing for a combo to be used.
Double Jump: Jump up once, and while in the air, jump again. Roll can
stay in place for this, or use it to change direction in midair. Great
for screwing up the opponent's timing.
Launchers: Standing r.house or DF + R.house
Snapback: Standing r.house animation.
Hyper Roll: D, DF, F + 2P
Roll shouts "Makenai wa?", flashes white and grows 3 times her original
size. A huge bolt of electricity screams out from two electrodes on her
head, while she fires off a large number of various missles (mini-rush,
beats, and breast missiles...). This move does slight to no chip damage,
and she can be knocked out of it very easily. If you connect with the
initial blast, you'll most likely connect all the other hits. The range
for the initial hit has increased for MvC2, and is basically 2 and 1
half Rolls wide. The electricity is the most damaging part, so make sure
it connects. This is comboable on the ground, and in midair, but does
less hits.. Best used as a wake-up.
Rush Drill: D, DF, F + 2K
Roll calls out for Rush, and he converts to a drill vehicle. Roll then
rides around in this vehicle, which drills the opponent for multiple
hits. Mash on the buttons and use the joystick to increase the damage.
This move is slow to start out, but is completely invincible when
activated. A timer will appear above the super combo gauge, telling you
how long the super will be active. The recovery time for this move is
horrible, so only use it in appropriate situations. You can use the
joystick to make Rush jump up a little bit, but it's better if you
remain on the ground. You can do a combo after this move finishes in the
corner if the enemy is launched high enough for you to OTG after their
Beat Plane: D, DB, B + 2P
Roll calls out for Beat, who then converts into a weird hybrid
bird/plane. Roll rides in this plane, which fires out fireballs and
drops miniature bombs. You can use the joystick to control the movement
of the plane, and mash on the buttons for all the hits. This isn't an
auto combo, so you must keep pressing buttons. This move can no longer
be done in midair, which reduces it's effectiveness. Roll can also be
knocked out of this move at anytime, so be sure that you activate it far
away; after your enemy recovers from a slow move; and when your enemy
hasn't got a super prepared to knock you out of it. I only use this move
for chip damage..otherwise it is almost useless..
STRATEGY: Roll is an incredibly hard character to use effectively. You
are limited by her short reach, her weak supers, and very little
priority. However, she does have advantages! Her Roll Buster has a
reduction in recovery time, as well as her flower bouquet. Beat Plane is
still a fairly okay way to do some slight chip damage, but Roll has lost
the ability to do it in midair, and the start up time is slower. Rush
Drill still hurts, and is still invincible after the start up frames,
but is horribly slow to pull out. The Hyper Roll is not as useless as
before, allowing for better use in combos and an increased hit range for
the initial hit.
Her added double jump helps to create confusion, and it allows Roll a
safer retreat. Don't overuse her Roll Buster, or you will be punished.
Roll works better staying on the ground, rather than in the air, but if
you are forced to jump, use her jab or r.house to keep attackers away.
Other strategies for Roll include her throw. A lot of people hate
repetitive throwing, but for Roll, it's a survival tactic. She still has
one of the best throwing priorities in the game, but there are some
characters who can beat her. Roll is also very weak, but not quite as
weak as in the last game. She is a little more powerful, and her jumping
roundhouse will help you tremendously. Utilize her by using a mix of
keepaway, throw tactics, and taking advantage of missed opportunities.
Roll's best used as a confusion character. Always keep them guessing and
use her small size to your advantage!! :)
If you play Roll, and win with her, you'll probably get a ton of
respect! :) Keep in mind that Roll has very little stamina and power, so
use a good mix of keepaway and combos. Her supers are usually only
useful if the enemy misses an attack and leaves them wide open. When you
use Roll, it's probably a good idea to back off and study your enemy's
techniques, then go in for the attack. Also, try to pair her up with
characters that have great assists, and with partners that complement
her playing style. Most importantly, have fun with her! Roll isn't meant
to be a serious tournament character, but don't let that stand in the
way of playing, IMO, one of the most fun characters ever selectable in a
-Venom: My old Roll partner from MvC1, works just as well, if not better
with her in this game. Roll can count on solid protection from his Venom
Fang assist. He also provides brute force, and insane power, plus his
supers (Venom Web, and occasionally Death Bite), work well with hers. He
also helps her with his keepaway game, since Roll barely has one
herself. An all around great partner, IMO.
-Sabretooth: Just about the same as Venom. His Alpha assist (Berserker
Claw), helps pop the enemies up into useful range, while his Beta assist
(Birdie Call), helps protect Roll from overhead attacks while she
advances. Sabretooth is fairly quick for a big guy, and has nasty
specials and supers to back up his speed and power. He also helps to
link Roll's supers with his, especially his punch supers..both are great
for activating the Hyper Roll. Another solid choice.
-Jin: Always underated, Jin helps out tremendously with Roll. Both his
Beta (Dynamite) and Alpha (Cyclone) are great protection and anti-air.
He has great reach and power, and is generally a incredibly reliable
fighter. The double team/triple team supers with him and Roll together
are lacking, however, since the success depends on which assist you pick
for Jin. Also, unless you use Beat Plane or Rush Drill, you cannot DHC
Jin's most powerful super, the Saotome Cyclone. Nonetheless, you can
link the other two supers. Again, a very good choice as a teammate.
-Jill: I really don't play Jill too often, but she has a remarkable
keep-away game, where Roll doesn't. Her assists are great, especially
her Shoulder Rush and the Herb of Healing, in case Roll's in a pinch.
One great aspect is that both Hyper Roll and Hyper Shoulder Rush (I
forget the actual name), if activated as a double team, will GUARANTEE
all hits from both supers, if activated at the right time.. A fair
choice of partners..
-More partners as I experiment more! ^_^
-NOTE: Some of the c.jab, c.strong, stand r.house combos WILL NOT
connect against some characters..some of them will be able to miss the
r.house, and the combo counter will stop.
1. Jump in short, ji forward, stand jab, stand r.house, sjump, jab,
short, strong, forward, -- end with: r.house, u + r.house, fierce, or
Roll Buster
2. Jump in short, ji forward, stand jab, stand forward, crouch r.house,
Roll Buster.
3. Same as above, only activate Leaf Shield, then fire at the end
instead of using Roll Buster.
4. Jump in short, ji forward, stand short, forward, crouch r.house, Roll
5. Jump in jab, fierce, stand jab, stand fierce, Roll Buster.
6. Crouch jab, crouch strong, stand r.house, sjump, jab, short, strong,
forward, -- end with: fierce, r.house, u + r.house, or Roll Buster.
7. Jump in jab, ji short, dash jab, stand forward, stand fierce, Roll
8. Jump in jab, ji short, stand jab, stand r.house, sjump, jab, short,
strong, forward, jump again, jab, short, Roll Buster.
9. Jump in jab, ji strong, stand jab, stand r.house, sjump, jab, short,
strong, forward, air throw.
10. Jump in jab, ji forward, dash jab, stand r.house, sjump, jab, short,
forward, jump, jab, short, fierce.
11. Jump in jab, fierce, c.jab, c.strong, stand r.house, sjump, jab,
short, strong, forward, -- end with fierce, r.house, u + r.house, air
throw, or Roll Buster.
12. (Enemy in corner), Jump in short, ji forward, stand jab, stand
r.house, sjump, jab, short, strong, forward, XX into Hyper Roll.
13. (Enemy in corner), Rush Drill, stand short, r.house, sjump, jab,
short, strong, forward, -- end with: fierce, r.house, u+r.house, or Roll
14. (Enemy in corner), activate Leaf Shield, Jump in jab, fierce, stand
short, crouch r.house, fire Leaf Shield, XX into Hyper Roll.
15. Jump in jab, ji strong, ji fierce, dash jab, strong, fierce, Roll
Buster. (on medium to larger characters.) (Get them into a corner.)
(Omit jumping strong on smaller characters.)
16. (Enemy in corner) Jump in jab, fierce, c.jab, c.strong, stand
r.house, sjump, jab, short, strong, forward, jump, jab, short, Roll
Buster XX into Hyper Roll.
17. (Enemy in corner) Jump in jab, fierce, c.jab, c.strong, stand
r.house, sjump, jab, short, strong, forward, jump, jab, short, strong,
forward, -- end with fierce, r.house, u + r.house, or Roll Buster.
18. Crouch jab, crouch strong, stand r.house, sjump, jab, short, XX into
Hyper Roll.
19. Jump in jab, ji short, stand jab, stand r.house, sjump, jab, short,
XX into Hyper Roll.
20. Crouch jab, crouch strong, XX into Hyper Roll. (Hard to connect)
21. Jump in jab, fierce, stand fierce, crouch r.house, Roll Buster,
immediately XX into Hyper Roll. (This is really hard to pull off, but is
best used in a corner.)
22. Jump in jab, ji short, stand jab, stand r.house, sjump, jab, short,
strong, forward, jump again, jab, short, XX into Hyper Roll.
23. Jump in jab, ji short, stand jab, stand r.house, sjump, jab, strong,
pause for half a second, short, jump again, jab, short, XX into Hyper
Roll. (works on only medium to large size characters)
24. Crouch R.house, jab Tornado Hold, immediately XX into Hyper Roll.
25. (Enemy in corner) Jump in jab, short, dash jab, short, c.rhouse, --
end with Roll Buster or Roll Buster XX into Hyper Roll.
26. Jump in jab, fierce, c.jab, c.strong, stand r.house, sjump, jab,
short, forward, jump, jab, short, XX into Hyper Roll.
27. Jump in jab, strong, dash jab, snapback.
28. Jump in jab, fierce, dash jab, snapback.
29. Jump in jab, r.house, dash jab, snapback.
30. Stand short, snapback.
31. Crouch jab, c. short, snapback. (Won't work on certain characters)
- NOTE - On the air Hyper Roll combos: The best way for these to connect
is to activate it when the enemy is above Roll's waist. You should be
able to get all the hits when it connects.
-ROLL'S SEMI-INFINITE: Yes, she has an infinite... sort of. I've only
tested this on the training mode though.. everyone else keeps rolling
out of it. ;P
-Get opponent into corner - Jump in jab, ji strong, stand jab, stand
r.house, sjump, jab, short, strong, forward, air throw, - land before
they do, stand fierce, stand r.house, sjump, and repeat.
-This works on most size characters, but won't on some heavier
characters that land before you do. Of course, this won't work if they
roll or tech hit the throw. Not really a TRUE infinite, but if your
opponent is incompetent, take advantage of his ignorance.. ^_^
ROLL vs. ABYSS:
1st part- This part will give you trouble, because of Roll's defense and
power problems. Block accordingly, and use small combos. Sjump when he
charges or uses his beam super. Try a Rush Drill occasionally, but be
careful of retaliation. Avoid staying in one place for too long. Try a
Beat Plane from behind him when he uses his beam super. Fierces will
help you build your super meter for that purpose, and for the next part.
2nd part- The easy part for Roll. :) Stay low and use jab,strong combos.
Or you can fire off fierce Roll Busters. Roll can duck the laser, but
will take damage if you block. DO NOT JUMP AT HIM UNDER ANY
CIRCUMSTANCE! Try to use Beat Plane or Rush Drill for some extra hits.
Use Roll's jab to pop the bubbles. Be very careful of his large laser
and of his spinning beam super. This part will take off a lot of damage
if any of it's attacks connect..
3rd part- Difficult, but not impossible. Use small jumping combos at
your discretion. You can try to use Hyper Roll, but only if you get
behind Abyss. Beat Plane will work, but remember that you can be easily
knocked out of it. Overall, be very cautious, and wait for openings.
Once again, use fierces to build up your super meter, and try to get
behind him every time he reforms.
---What's next??-----
If you think I'm writing a FAQ against all 56 characters, think again..
:) Actually, since Roll is a hard character to master, I just might..
Next version: More partners for Roll/a possible vs. characters
list/anything else I've forgotten..
---Fine Print and stuffs----
This FAQ created by Khaotika! (Jon Wilkie) 4/27/00, updated 4/29/00,
5/29/00, 6/13/00, 7/26/00. All Capcom and Marvel characters are
copyrighted and trademarked by their respective companies...
All the cute names for Roll's pallete swaps were created by me. If I see
them in other FAQs, I'll know where you stole them from..
Thanks to Kao Megura for helping out with those difficult moves. :)
Huge Thanks to email@example.com for the translations! I'd be lost
without you. ^_^v
Kudos to you for trying out one of the more difficult to use characters
in this game!
Thanks to Game FAQs.com for the wonderful hacked VMU save..
Thanks go out to Dogshell for his wonderful Roll page!
Thanks to Jamie Long of Games Domain for hosting my FAQs!
Thanks to everyone at Fighters.net..
Especially Roll's Daddy! We are the number one Roll supporters
on F.Net!!
Look for my other MvC2 FAQS: Venom, Tron, Kobun, Ruby Heart, Sabretooth
FAQ Display Options: Printable Version


text:
Dendragapus fuliginosus ORDER: GALLIFORMES FAMILY: PHASIANIDAE
IUCN Conservation Status: Least Concern
© Malcolm Gold
One of North America's largest grouse, the Sooty Grouse used to be considered the darker, coastal subspecies of the Blue Grouse. Recent DNA evidence supports the spilt of the Blue Grouse into two separate species, the Dusky Grouse and the Sooty Grouse. The male's deep booming call is hard to locate.
Male makes very deep hooting. Female makes cackles and whinnies.
The Cornell Lab will send you updates about birds, birding, and opportunities to help bird conservation. You can unsubscribe at any time. We will never sell or give your email address to others.


text:
Only 1 In Stock
The 1981 Topps New York Mets MLB Team Set contains 28 New York Mets baseball cards including Star Players like Lee Mazzilli, Mike Scott, John Stearns and the rookie cards of Mookie Wilson and Jeff Reardon. Colleting Topps baseball card team sets is a fun way to show your Mets Fan Pride. All cards in the set are listed below.
23 Alex Trevino - 58 Joel Youngblood - 93 Ed Glynn - 109 Mike Scott - 117 Pete Falcone - 151 Claudell Washington - 163 Bill Almon - 189 Craig Swan - 223 Roy Lee Jackson RC - 224 Pat Zachry - 259 Mets Future Stars Juan Berenguer & Hubie Brooks RC & Mookie Wilson RC - 299 Elliott Maddox - 322 Neil Allen - 343 Frank Taveras - 359 Tom Hausman - 377 Jerry Morales - 414 John Pacella RC - 428 John Stearns - 456 Jeff Reardon RC - 472 Dyar Miller - 510 Lee Mazzilli - 537 Ron Hodges - 567 Mark Bomback RC - 619 Steve Henderson - 634 Doug Flynn - 654 Ray Burris - 681 New York Mets Team Card - 698 Mike Jorgensen
Usually ships in 2-3 business days
Collecting baseball cards and other sports cards is a fun way for the whole family to build lasting memories.
Baseball Cards and Sports Cards collecting tips: A key thing to remember when building your baseball cards and other sports cards collections is that the condition of the baseball cards, football cards, or other sports cards is very important to it's value and the selling price. Baseball cards in lower condition bring far less than those same sports card in top shape. Make sure to protect your sports cards with the proper card supplies every time. If you ever think of selling baseball cards, football cards, or other sports cards your top condition cards will always get better prices than sports cards that are not in top condition regardless if they are old sports cards or new sports cards when you put them up for sale.
There is no right or wrong baseball cards to collect. Many people like Topps baseball cards or Upper Deck baseball cards but there have been many manufacturers over the years and even the ones that are no longer in business anymore like Fleer or Pinnacle are collected by many fans. Some buy only brand new sports cards while other buy only old vintage baseball cards. Price, value or what a price guide says a sports card is worth should not be the only or even the main factor in what you buy. The way to have the most fun with the hobby is to collect what you like and how you like and not what someone else says they think you should.
Many hobbiests like to buy baseball cards by the pack or box and get a thrill out of hitting their favorite player or that hard to find card insert, autograph or relic card. Others like to collect baseball card team sets or cards of their home town players and yet others buy factory sets or build sets by hand. Collecting baseball cards, football cards, basketball cards, or any other types of sports trading cards can be a life long hobby that's fun for the whole family. So above all enjoy your hobby.
Major League Baseball, NFL Football, NBA basketball and NHL Hockey trademarks and copyrights are property of their respective orginations, groups and teams as are the team names and logos. They are used on this site for the sole purpose of selling licensed merchandise and remain the property of their respective owners.
The Baseball Card Shop - 1891 E. State Hermitage PA 16148 - 724-981-4443 - Copyright © 1999-2017 - All rights reserved.
Celebrating 28 Years In Business 1989-2017


text:
Attorney Mark DeBofsky is a member of the firm as well as an adjunct professor of law at John Marshall Law School. He is a prolific author who has written many journal articles and has been a regular columnist for the Chicago Daily Law Bulletin since 2004. Mark DeBofsky is also a frequent speaker and has lectured at conferences sponsored by many organizations, including the American Bar Association, the American Association for Justice, the Illinois State Bar Association, Illinois Institute of Continuing Legal Education, Chicago Bar Association and LexisNexis/Mealey's. Many of his cases have resulted in precedent setting decisions issued by the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Circuits.
In 2008, he was nominated as a finalist for LexisNexis' Insurance Law Center social security disability attorneys and the top ten Illinois plaintiff's employment attorneys by the Leading Lawyers Network.
On behalf of American Lawyer Media and Martindale-Hubbell™, Mr. DeBofsky has been selected as a '2013 Top Rated Midwest Lawyer". American Lawyer Media, a leading provider of news and information to the legal industry has teamed with Martindale-Hubbell™ to highlight "Top Rated Midwest Lawyers" in The August 5th issue of The National Law Journal.
Mark DeBofsky was a contributor to the 2014 Edition of the ERISA Survey of Federal Circuits recently published by the American Bar Association.


text:
Alprazolam Extended-Release 3mg Tablets Bioequivalence Study Under Non-fasting Conditions
This study has been completed.
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA
Information provided by:
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: January 26, 2009
Last updated: September 1, 2009
Last verified: September 2009
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- Study Results
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
Detailed Description:
This study will compare the relative bioavailability (rate and extent of absorption) of 3 mg Alprazolam Extended Release Tablets manufactured and distributed by TEVA Pharmaceuticals USA with that of 3 mg XANAX XR® Tablets by Pharmacia & Upjohn Company following a single oral dose (1 x 3 mg extended release tablet) in healthy adult subjects administered under non-fasting conditions.
Condition | Intervention | Phase |
Healthy |
Drug: Alprazolam Extended-Release 3 mg Tablets |
Phase 1 |
Study Type: | Interventional |
Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment Masking: Open Label |
Official Title: | A Relative Bioavailability Study of 3 mg Alprazolam Extended Release Tablets Under Non-fasting Conditions |
Resource links provided by NLM:
Further study details as provided by Teva Pharmaceuticals USA:
Primary Outcome Measures:
- Cmax - Maximum Observed Concentration [ Time Frame: Blood samples collected over 72 hour period ]
- AUC0-inf - Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to Infinity (Extrapolated) [ Time Frame: Blood samples collected over 72 hour period ]
- AUC0-t - Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time Zero to Time of Last Non-zero Concentration (Per Participant) [ Time Frame: Blood samples collected over 72 hour period ]
Enrollment: | 36 |
Study Start Date: | June 2005 |
Study Completion Date: | June 2005 |
Primary Completion Date: | June 2005 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
Arms | Assigned Interventions |
Experimental: Alprazolam (test)
Alprazolam 3 mg ER Tablet (test) dosed in first period followed by Xanax XR® 3 mg Tablet (reference) dosed in second period
Drug: Alprazolam Extended-Release 3 mg Tablets
1 x 3 mg, single dose non-fasting
Active Comparator: Xanax XR®
Xanax XR® 3 mg Tablet (test) dosed in first period followed by Alprazolam 3 mg ER Tablet (test) dosed in second period
Drug: Alprazolam Extended-Release 3 mg Tablets
1 x 3 mg, single dose non-fasting
Other Name: XANAX XR®
Detailed Description:
Criteria for Evaluation: FDA Bioequivalence Criteria
Statistical Methods: FDA bioequivalence statistical methods
Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older (Adult, Senior) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | Yes |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Screening Demographics: All subjects selected for this study will be healthy non-smoking men and women 18 years of age or older at the time of dosing. The subject's body mass index (BMI) should be less than or equal to 30.
- Screening procedures: Each subject will complete the screening process within 28 days prior to Period I dosing. Consent documents for both the screening evaluation and HIV antibody determination will be reviewed, discussed, and signed by each potential participant before full implementation of screening procedures.
- Screening will include general observations, physical examination, demographics, medical and medication history, an electrocardiogram, sitting blood pressure and heart rate, respiratory rate and temperature. The physical examination will include, but may not be limited to an evaluation of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and central nervous systems.
The screening clinical laboratory procedures will include:
- Hematology: hematocrit, hemoglobin, WBC count with differential, RBC count, platelet count;
- Clinical Chemistry: serum creatinine, BUN, glucose, AST(GOT), ALT(GPT), albumin, total bilirubin, total protein, and alkaline phosphatase;
- HIV antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibody screens;
- Urinalysis: by dipstick; full microscopic examination if dipstick positive; and
- Urine Drug Screen: ethyl alcohol, amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine metabolites, opiates, and phencyclidine.
- Serum Pregnancy Screen (female subjects only)
- FSH (to verify postmenopausal status; female subjects only)
If female and:
- is postmenopausal for at least 1 year and has a serum FSH level ≥ 20mIU/mL; or
- is surgically sterile (bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy, or hysterectomy).
Exclusion Criteria:
- Subjects with a recent history of dug or alcohol addiction or abuse.
- Subjects with the presence of a clinically significant disorder involving the cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, immunologic, hematologic, endocrine, or neurologic system(s) or psychiatric disease (as determined by the clinical investigators).
- Subjects whose clinical laboratory test values are outside the accepted reference range and when confirmed on re-examination are deemed to be clinically significant.
- Subjects demonstrating a reactive screen for hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibody or HIV antibody.
- Subjects demonstrating positive drug abuse screen when screened for this study.
- Female subjects demonstrating a positive pregnancy screen.
- Female subjects who are currently breast-feeding.
- Subjects with a history of allergic response(s) to alprazolam or related drugs.
- Subjects with a history of clinically significant allergies including drug allergies.
- Subjects with a clinically significant illness during the 4 weeks prior to Period I dosing (as determined by the clinical investigators).
- Subjects who currently use or report using tobacco products within 90 days of Period I dose administration.
- Subjects who have taken any drug known to induce or inhibit hepatic drug metabolism in the 28 days prior to Period I dosing.
- Subjects who report donating greater than 150 mL of blood within 30 days prior to Period I dosing. All subjects will be advised not to donate plasma for four weeks after completing the study.
- Subjects who report receiving any investigational drug within 28 days prior to Period I dosing.
- Subjects who report taking any systemic prescription medication in the 14 days prior to Period I dosing.
- Subjects who report an intolerance of direct venipuncture.
- Subjects who report consuming an abnormal diet during the 28 days prior to Period I dosing.
Contacts and Locations
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below.
For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00830024
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00830024
United States, Minnesota | |
PRACS Institute, Ltd. | |
East Grand Forks, Minnesota, United States, 56721 | |
United States, North Dakota | |
PRACS Institute, Ltd. | |
Fargo, North Dakota, United States, 58104 |
Sponsors and Collaborators
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA
Principal Investigator: | James D. Carlson, Pharm. D. | PRACS Institute, Ltd. |
More Information
Keywords provided by Teva Pharmaceuticals USA:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on March 29, 2017
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00830024 History of Changes |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
Study First Received: | January 26, 2009 |
Results First Received: | June 18, 2009 |
Last Updated: | September 1, 2009 |
Keywords provided by Teva Pharmaceuticals USA:
Bioequivalence Healthy Subjects |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Alprazolam Hypnotics and Sedatives Central Nervous System Depressants Physiological Effects of Drugs Anti-Anxiety Agents Tranquilizing Agents |
Psychotropic Drugs GABA Modulators GABA Agents Neurotransmitter Agents Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on March 29, 2017


text:
How To Make Midtown Muse
After spending some 8 years in New York City I was fortunate enough to live very close to Times Square for a time. Right there at the north end was a billboard dedicated to Suntory whiskey, the same place where MIDORI was advertised after its launch in 1978. So this cocktail is a dedication to that that magical place in the heart of the Big Apple. This is a strong drink fashioned on the great Manhattan cocktail except using Yamazaki 12 year old as the whiskey base, which has a softer and smoother character to it than Bourbon. To this I added a touch of MIDORI for some fruitiness, vanilla liqueur for sweetness to mellow the spirit and a hint of spice in the guise of Angostura Bitters. This sophisticated cocktail is finished of with a spritz of lemon to give some lift on the nose and is the most ideal finish to any meal.
20 ml (2/3 oz) Midori liqueur
45 ml (1 1/2 oz) Yamazaki
10 ml (1/3 oz) Vanilla liqueur
Dash of Angostura Bitters
Ice Cubes
Before straining the cocktail into the cocktail glass, make sure your cocktail glass has been sitting in the freezer for sometime.
Strain your cocktail into the glass.
Garnish your cocktail with flamed lemon twist.


text:
OAK HARBOR, Ohio - Refueling of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station began yesterday to replace 76 of 177 fuel assemblies, FirstEnergy Corp. said.
The company declined to say when the plant would resume generating electricity "for competitive reasons," spokesman Todd Schneider said.
The industry average for refueling shutdowns is four to six weeks.
Three large pump motors will be replaced and welds on plant equipment will be reinforced, the company said. Other major work will include maintenance on the cooling tower.
FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Co., which operates the 32-year-old plant, hired about 1,200 contractors and brought in 100 employees from its other nuclear plants to supplement the Davis-Besse work force for the outage.
The last refueling for the 908-megawatt plant in Ottawa County was in February, 2008.
In addition to Davis-Besse, FirstEnergy's nuclear plants are Beaver Valley Power Station in Shippingport, Pa., and Perry Nuclear Power Plant in Perry, Ohio.


text:
Tuesday, March 28, 2006
And They Cook, Too...
Anyhoo, the cookbook is full of recipes from bloggers and will benefit Doctors Without Borders. This bitch had a blast visiting the blogs associated with recipes. Oh, and a bitch simply can not have too many recipe options for future feastitude!
Check it out here...
4 comments:
Easy now ABB........
Relief worker's cookbook? A decade as a relief worker makes me an expert, but I wouldn't recommend what I was eating!
MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES, Hmmm...the green berets of relief work. They are amazing I must admit. That which MSF specificly does is incredibly dangerous.
So...I bought the book. Maybe there is a better Lentil soup in there than what I ate for three months straight. No...better no lentils at all.
Thanks for supporting these people ABB. I can personally testify to their absolute excellence. They are truly the Best and the Brightest the world has to offer
Special Anon... - 5:47 PM
- Shark-fu said...
Ah, my dear Special Anon...
The recipes are supplied by bloggers, so you can rest assured that the yumminess within will not reflect the limited options available in the field (wink).
But you never know...the world's best lentil soup recipe may be in there just waiting for you...
Thanks for your support! - 6:10 PM
- Michelle said...
Damn it! I'm starving.
- CrankyProf said...
What you need to add to your collection is the Encyclopedia of Regrettable Foods.
THAT'S scary reading.
Who could resists stuffed peppers with creamy marshmallow sauce? (Yes, this is a real recipe.) - 8:34 AM


text: Watch a Young Terry Gilliam Explain How He Makes Monty Python AnimationsJordan Kushins7/10/14 5:20pmFiled to: animationterry gilliammonty python3026EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink GIF There's a lot to love about vintage Monty Python—dead parrots, silly walks, lumberjacks, killer rabbits—but Terry Gilliam's magic touch with his signature cut-out animations really gave the group a goofball creative edge. In this clip from the early 1970s, a fresh-faced Gilliam (with an incredible 'do) describes his no-tech approach to the process. "Maximum effect from minimum work" is the mantra here. Gilliam gathers up found materials like magazines and old family photos and, with the eye of an artistic genius, sees a new life for the images; taken out of their original context, perfume bottles in a print ad can become an alien landscape, and the Duke of Wellington's face "fits very nicely" over the body of an old woman pictured in the Sunday supplement. "Chop out what you want," he says, and go from there. Storyboarding is minimal—basic line drawings and sound effects and timing—so there's still tons of room for developing ideas once the camera gets clicking, and the tools needed are surprisingly few. GIF Even if you have no plans to wield scissors and start snipping, this is a must-watch for, well… everyone. It's one of the best, most enjoyable insights into honest-to-goodness natural talent that I think I've ever seen, and his enthusiasm for sharing his techniques is charming as hell. Advertisement Advertisement The end results prove that perfection is a relative term, because while these clips might not be the slickest you'll ever see, they're so, so, so damn good. Reply30 repliesLeave a reply


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Lady Gaga was a busy woman yesterday, showing up on both So You Think You Can Dance and Jimmy Kimmel Live to perform songs from her latest album, Born This Way. In this clip from Kimmel, the singer performs her forthcoming single "Yoü and I" for a huge, ecstatic audience on the show's outdoor stage. Gaga has been playing the rock ballad for quite a while now, and her comfort shows – this is casual as massive crowd-pleasers get, with the singer effortlessly channeling Freddie Mercury, Axl Rose and Elton John as the audience sways and sings along.


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A vegetable vendor allegedly brutally attacked his 32-year-old wife with a sharp-edged weapon, before abandoning her in their house in Simla Colony of Kakowal road.
The victim was found lying injured in the room by a visitor to their house.
She has been identified as Aarti (32), wife of Vinod, a native of Rai Bareli in Uttar Pradesh.
According to Basti Jodhewal SHO inspector Balwinder Singh, the woman told them that her husband had migrated to the city a few months ago, while she joined him just three days ago on Friday.
She said her husband attacked her with a sharp-edged weapon on the day of her arrival. She had since been lying unconscious in her room.
Singh said Aarti was found by a man, who visited Vinod on Monday morning regarding some payment.
On finding Aarti lying with severe head injuries, he sounded the police, who rushed her to civil hospital. Her condition is stated to be critical.
The SHO said the woman was not in a condition to record her statement, which was required to register a case.
Meanwhile, the police have alerted the cops deployed at railway station and bus stand to nab the accused.