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Morristown, TN
Walters State Community College plans several special activities in conjunction with black history month in February. All events are free and open to the public.
The Word Players will present "A Woman Called Truth" at all four campuses. The play will be performed at 6 p.m. Feb. 11 at the Sevier County Campus; Feb. 24 at 11:30 a.m. at the Greeneville-Greene County Campus; 6 p.m. Feb. 24 at the Claiborne County Campus; and 2 p.m. Feb. 28 in the International Lyceum at the Morristown Campus.
This one-act play celebrates the life of Sojourner Truth, including her own freedom and her search for equality as a woman. Learn what made this unique individual one of the more endearing figures of American history, and how her life teaches valuable lessons still today.
Two special sessions of the college's "Learning in the Lyceum" are planned. These are held each Wednesday at 12:40 p.m. in the International Lyceum, located inside the college's student services building. Each presentation is also video-streamed live to the college's three other campuses.
•Feb. 19 – Rev. Harold Middlebrook will talk about his experience on the front line of the civil rights movement working with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Middlebrook first met King when both were jailed in Atlanta following sit-in protests at the city's lunch counters. In 1968, Middlebrook was among a handful of people with King at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis when an assassin's bullet hit King. Middlebrook was ordained as a minister in 1966 and served as youth minister at Ebenezer Baptist Church, under both King and his father. Middlebrook moved to Knoxville in 1977, where he served as pastor at Mt. Calvary Baptist Church and was founding pastor of Canaan Baptist Church of Christ. He has been active in education, housing and healthcare throughout his life.
•Feb. 26 – "I had a dream" discussion will feature a look at Dr. King's "I Had a Dream" speech from many local perspectives, including people that were involved in the coinciding march on Washington. Planned participants include Janie Coleman, Nancy Holder, Bill Kornrich and "Tookie" Dockery.
Walters State Hosting Art Exhibit
Choir Ready for the Big Apple


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text:
Gray, Fred D., 1930-
"Fred Gray (1930- ) is a prominent Alabama civil rights attorney whose clients have included Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and the victims of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. When he opened his Montgomery law office in 1954, Gray was one of the few African American attorneys in the state. His career blossomed in the context of the civil rights movement, as he played a pivotal role in dismantling legal segregation in the state." ("Fred Gray" Encyclopedia of Alabama. Retrieved September 2, 2008. http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/.)
Expand all | Collapse all | Results view
Archival Collections and Reference Resources
- Anne Braden Oral History Project (Kentucky Virtual Library)
- Encyclopedia of Alabama (Encyclopedia of Alabama)
- Rosa Parks Papers (Library of Congress)


text:
Andy Brown Speaks.com
Available December 20, 2013!!
only $12.95!!
So nice
We did it TWICE!!
Sept 22, 2012 & May 4, 2013
coming soon to a stage
near you!
Winner of 3 Mahogany Drama Awards at the 2012 Southern Black Theatre Festival for Best Actor, Best Director, and Best Mainstage Production.
Powerful. Dynamic. Charismatic. Uplifting. These are a few words that come to mind when Andy Brown speaks to an audience or an individual. He is steadily establishing himself as a premier speaker, innovator, and leader in the community and this website will give you an authentic understanding of who he is and what he is looking to provide for you. Visitors to this site will learn more about the:
After establishing your connection with Andy Brown your life will never be the same. FIND OUT WHY!!!
Copyright 2011
Andy Brown Speaks.com


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To commemorate the camp of Boulogne. This formidable army was intended for the invasion of England. England also girded herself for battle, and here the matter ended. The Column perpetuates the memory of this threat. The Duke of York's Column, in London, at the top of the steps leading into St. James's Park. Erected in 1830-1833 in memory of Frederick, Duke of York, second son of George III., who died in 1827. It is of the Tuscan order, was designed by R. Wyatt, and is made of Aberdeenshire granite On the summit is a statue of the duke by Sir R. Westmacott.
In 1871 the statue of Napoleon, which surmounted this column, was hurled to the ground by the Communists, but in 1874 a statue of Liberty was substituted for the original one.
Related Content


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Ride to the rescue and save the day with Goofy & Donald in their rescue vehicles! The Save the Day Rescue Vehicle Pack includes two rescue vehicles with real rolling wheels and two articulated figures of your favorite Mickey Mouse Clubhouse characters! Donald comes to the rescue in his real-rolling ambulance as Goofy flies in to save the day in his rescue helicopter with real-spinning propeller. Goofy & Donald are in scale with other Mickey Mouse Clubhouse figures and fit inside their vehicles.
Check stock and price


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Q: "Can I wash my ScentLok suit?"
A: Yes you can wash ScentLok products but this is not a necessary step in the process. Washing does not harm the activated carbon but it may loosen some of the excess carbon. You only need to wash ScentLok clothing if it becomes extremely dirty or under extreme field use. Garments worn close to the skin or in hot weather will need to be washed more often. Machine wash on gentle cycle, cold water with non-scented carbon wash approved by ScentLok technologies. Under normal conditions, ScentLok products need to be washed about 2-3 times per season.
Q: "Should I use a scent cover products & sprays on my ScentLok suit?"
A: No. The Carbon Alloy® and activated carbon technology will only adsorb the cover scent and diminish the suit's ability to adsorb your human odor. However, you should still use scent-controlling products on your boots, stand, bow case, bow or anything going to the field with you.
Q: "How important are the gloves to the ScentLok system?"
A: Gloves are ideal for not leaving scent when on the way to and from the stand, handling decoys and equipment or when touching brush or limbs.
Q: "How do I store my ScentLok suit?"
A: Place your suit inside a ScentLok storage bag. For maximum protection, place inside a sealed plastic container or plastic tote. Our airtight bag is the perfect container for storage.
Q: "How long will my ScentLok suit last?"
A: The lifespan of the product really depends on how you use it. We roughly say that it should last 3-5 years; about what you would expect from other hunting camo. If you are a knee walking, belly crawling extreme hunter in the woods five months a year, the life span may be shorter. If you are in the field for 20-30 days a year and follow our instructions, 3-5 years can be expected. Some hunters are still wearing our original suits today!
Q: "How will I know when it is time to reactivate my ScentLok suit?"
A: There is no set time for this. An estimated 30-40 hours of hunting use for new suits is a general guideline. When hunting in warm weather with the suit directly next to your skin, the activated carbon may become saturated quicker than when hunting in cool, dry weather. The only true test of when reactivation becomes necessary is if you have been wearing the suit with good results and then you get winded by your prey. Headcovers and storage bags need reactivation twice as often.
Q: "I am having trouble finding my kisser button and shooting with the headcover on, what should I do?"
A: Our designs enable you to pull the lower portion of the headcover down, allowing for easy kisser button and anchor point placement. Our advice is for you to practice shooting wearing the complete system until is becomes second nature.
Q: "I've heard that the headcover is the most important part of the suit. Can I wear only the headcover and effectively control my scent?"
A: The headcover is an important part of a system and necessary to have as little scent as possible in the field. The head generates over 1/3 of the human odors generated in the body. Hair, breath and facial oils all need scent-control. In order to control your scent properly and achieve the best results it is imperative that you wear the full system of headcover, jacket, pants, gloves and scent-control footwear.
Q: "What do I do if I am being winded in ScentLok clothing?"
A: Reactivate your ScentLok products, re-spray your accessories with scent killer, wash boots if necessary, always dress and undress in the field, never expose any of your products or gear to vehicle, home or camp smells. Keep the headcover on and over your mouth and nose even during travel to and from your hunting location. Lastly, change your stand position as your prey may already be onto your current stand position.
Q: "What happens if it rains when I'm wearing ScentLok products?"
A: The water will not effect the adsorptive abilities of the activated carbon. ScentLok will work equally well whether it is hot, cold, wet or dry.
Q: "I've heard trained dogs can find people in ScentLok suits. If that is true, how can it work on whitetails?"
A: ScentLok has never designed a suit to overcome tracking dogs. We produce products that reduce enough human odor to overcome the deer's sense of danger associated with human odor. It's not the sense of smell that is the important thing to consider; it's that animals react to human odor molecules much differently.
A trained dog picks up on the slightest odor-molecule of a specific subject and seeks higher and higher concentrations of that specific odor trail until it reaches the subject. Due to its training, the dog has been conditioned to follow an odor trail to its source which ultimately results in a reward.
A wild deer, through its innate instincts and acquired survival tactics, will tolerate a certain threshold level of human odor before it reacts. For example, a deer may smell a footprint several days old and doesn't run in panic, this small amount of human odor usually results in a curious response. A little more human odor and the deer may be tense, but not to the point of panic. And if a high enough concentration of odor is detected, the deer will eventually flee from the perceived danger.
Through the use of activated carbon technology, ScentLok clothing lowers the human odor signature to well below the level a typical big-game animal associates with danger. When wearing ScentLok properly, deer may sense a small amount of human odor but normally don't detect enough to react visibly.
Q: "I've heard it takes over 900° to reactivate a ScentLok suit, is that true?"
A: No. Adsorption occurs in two distinctly different ways; chemisorption and physical adsorption. In ScentLok garments the human odor enters the activated carbon pores and typically forms a physical bond. This bond is called van der Waals interaction and the bonds break in a household dryer allowing for another round of adsorption.
High temperatures and energy are required to break chemically bonded molecules. Chemical adsorption occurs when two molecules create a very strong covalent bond (the type of bond that creates water from hydrogen and oxygen) and needs extreme energy and heat to separate (900° and beyond) if it is even possible.


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My DBA team currently manages 104 SQL instances, having a total database count (approx) 1000.
Our current configuration is SQL Backup Pro is installed locally for each SQL instance, with our in-house SQL code running via SQL Agent making the command line Backup Pro calls. Each of these calls uses a backup drive (locally on each server) for storage of the backup file.
We would like to change the topography to manage the backups from a single client, one at each of our two data centers, and use a single storage location (at each data center) for storage of the backup files.
Is there an "Enterprise" version of the SQL Backup Pro client? We would like to manage the 1000 databases from a database view, not segmented by individual SQL instance groupings.


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Pinch hitting: Matthew O'Connor
Our next Pinch Hitter is Matthew O'Connor, who was born in western Massachusetts in 1972 but taught to be a Yankee fan by his Brooklyn-born father. "If Dad had to survive being a Yankee fan in Brooklyn in the 50's," Matthew wrote, "then it was only fair that I walk the New England gauntlet in the wake of Bucky Dent."
For this post, it's important to note the Matthew was a Yankees season ticket holder from 1996 through 2000 until he was married and moved to London (he had to work the work the day after Aaron Boone's game winning Game 7 home run, which happened at roughly 6:02 a.m. over there). Matthew moved back to Manhattan in 2007, and says he tries not to tear his eyes out when he years about a piece of old New York dying in the name of greed progress (see: Island, Coney).
It's with that love for history, memories and the Yankees that Matthew wrote about the new Yankee Stadium.
The second incarnation of Yankee Stadium (1976-2008) provided some indelible memories for fans – Chambliss being bum rushed by what looked like the cast of The Warriors after ending the '76 ALCS, Reggie's third homer landing halfway up "the black," the time that guy threw a full beer in the air from the upper deck as Tino's grand slam in the '99 Series left the yard (I may have seen replays of that homer too many times). The old Stadium always popped on TV during the big moments.
But you had to experience it in person. That ballpark, in October, could be counted on for its hostility factor – daunting for the opposition but thrilling if you were a fan. Upper deck seats seemed to hang right over the field making a bad situation worse for the other team. It was the kind of ballpark where you would hurry back to your seat after a bathroom break because you didn't want to miss the action, but also because there was literally nothing else to do. The place was short on comforts and amenities, but who cared? You schlepped up to The Bronx to watch a ballgame and shout yourself hoarse.
As the 90's gave way to the aughts, you could sense the change in the stands. Going to a Yankee game had become THE thing to do when visiting New York. You would notice more tourists and out of town business colleagues of finance executives. Attendance increased sharply, from 2.2 million at the beginning of their title run in 1996 to well over 4 million by the close of business at Yankee Stadium II. By this time, control of the team had been transferred over to George Steinbrenner's sons Hal and Hank (less Hank, for reasons I love to speculate about), COO Lonn Trost and the delightful Randy Levine as President. The brass recognized a huge opportunity to cash in on this portion of paying customers at the new stadium being built across the street.
Enter the Yankee Stadium III, replete with all flavors of distraction for the non-fan. From dated pop culture artifacts for the average tourist ("Get your Hard Rock Cafe t-shirts he-ere!") to the pre-French Revolution excess of the Legends Suite. At first glance, the new place screamed, "If you aren't interested in watching a baseball game, you've come to the right place!"
But what of the core fan base, the one that came for the main event?
Easy Fixes
The New York Yankees are a business, we all get that. Here are a few humble suggestions that can be easily accomplished without affecting the bottom line.
1. Ease up on the muscle — No need to call out the dogs on people eating sandwiches at conveniently located standing room stools two hours before game time. Encourage your security staff to use discretion before the breaking of balls for insignificant infractions. Yes, this happened to me — the steak sandwich from Lobel's demands immediate consumption and cannot be asked to travel. The policy banning non box seat ticket holders from standing behind the dugout before games is especially heartless. Let the kids ask for their autographs.
2. Let the good people relax before game time — The impact of losing organist Eddie Layton has been huge. Even in his later years, it was clear Yankee brass were phasing out his tinkling of the plastic ivory for more bombastic ambient noise. This phenomenon isn't restricted to Yankee Stadium – the YES network crew will often remark that Kaufman Stadium in Kansas City has the most overwhelming sound system in baseball. But time was, you could get to your seat early and soak up the sights of the ballpark with Mr. Layton as your soundtrack. Maybe you could even carry on a conversation with a friend. But does anyone, seriously ANYONE, prefer the new pre-game entertainment of a roving reporter shown on that ginormous screen loudly educating fans of all the various locations in the Stadium they can hemorrhage their hard-earned dollars?
3. Empty seats behind home plate are embarrassing, especially in October — Ticket prices for some field level seats have reached such levels of absurdity that it now only appeals to a previously undefined baseball fan – the person so wealthy he or she can afford to drop $1,250 or so on a single seat, but also wealthy enough to blow it off when something better comes up. If the spoiled little emperors don't show up by the third inning, grab a group of fans from the cheap(er) seats above and let them watch the game from here. I know, I know – we've all read the studies proving that unmoisturized skin of the non-wealthy will degrade teak armrests (seriously, this is a trumpeted feature). But let's let the eggheads sort that one out.
Wish They Didn't
If I had my druthers (and I don't), these features would've hit the drawing room floor during the design process.
Mohegan Sun Sports Bar — Looks like a wonderful simulation of the experience of watching a baseball game at a sportsbook in Connecticut. Proud parent of hundreds of visually obstructed bleacher creatures and Monument Cave.
Steinbrenner monument — By all means, you guys own the stadium so feel free to erect a tribute to your father. To have the size of it dwarf the monuments for Ruth, Mantle and Gehrig redefines the word grandiose.
Legends Boxes — Mr. Levine, tear down this moat!
Upper deck — Cheers for making it harder to hit one in the upper deck. Jeers for moving upper deck fans further away from the action and most likely reducing the noise factor.
Many Happy Returns?
My lifelong love of baseball and the Yankees ensures that I will continue to be a paying customer for the foreseeable future. The powers-that-be will continue to assault us with what this curmudgeon finds distasteful, and I'll keep coming back for more. But if they change even one molecule of that Lobel's steak sandwich, I might be forced to turn into one of these guys.
Associated Press photo up top, other two pictures submitted by Matthew


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Contact Me
I won't let you down, promise!
My name is Haren Soril and I'm a print and web designer, motion graphic artist, photographer and videographer. I have many talents and have a high interest in advertising and direction. I hope to one day be a creative director for an advertising agency, a director of film, or work for the top fashion magazines as the next big fashion photographer in the world.
phone: +1 (808) 870 - 7737
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Town Square
Place Surveillance Cameras in PAUSD Schools
Original post made by Periwinkle, Downtown North, on Oct 18, 2006
One of the maddening things is that some of the theft and vandalism is repeated, with the same room(s), or same items getting stolen, or broken, over and over - in spite of attempts to keep them safe. School administrative and teaching staff are helpless in the face of this kind of thing.
Bathrooms are often marked up, and other school assets are often abused and/or stolen.
Further, PAUSD campuses are NOT safe in the evening. Building exteriors are poorly lit.
It's simply time to install surveillance cameras, so that we can deter vandalism, and more serious crime.
Other school systems have begun to do this; it will improve property and personal safety, and save taxpayer's money in the long run. It's a no-brainer.
Comments (3)
a resident of Another Palo Alto neighborhood
on Oct 18, 2006 at 10:00 am
This sounds like a very sensible suggestion to me, much better than temporarily having a security guard going from campus to campus as a deterrant. Even if all the cameras weren't on at the same time, the perpetrators wouldn't know which were on and which were not so that would probably deter all but the most ardent.
Another suggestion might be the mosquito. This is a device which emits a high frequency buzz that annoys teenagers to the extent they do not wish to be anywhere near it. The frequency is inaudible to adults and and not annoying to children. It was designed to stop teenagers hanging out outside convenience stores and has been very succesful in England. I have seen it discussed on the Discovery Channel and also it was mentioned in the latest Paly Camponile I saw, although there it was talking about how it is being used as a cell phone ring tone which teens could hear and adults couldn't.
a resident of Gunn High School
on Oct 18, 2006 at 5:03 pm
Periwinkle- I agree. I am a student at Gunn and have suffered having my own personal property (such as my bike) being vandalized/stolen.
Bystander- Quite frankly, why install devices that have us become more annoyed with school than we already are? :-D I am just joking. Actually though, I think there may be an issue with these mosquito devices because many students have legitimite reasons for being on campus after hours: sports, student government, dances, set/clean up, plays, (at gunn- spagenberg theatre events) rehearsals. Some of which can go on until 10:30 or 11 PM.
a resident of Ventura
on Nov 3, 2006 at 1:25 am
You're joking - right?
I'm assuming the lack of responses to this proposal indicates other folks didn't take it seriously. But, just in case I'm wrong, let's squash this brain virus before it spreads.
"One of the maddening things is that some of the theft and vandalism is repeated, with the same room(s), or same items getting stolen, or broken, over and over - in spite of attempts to keep them safe. School administrative and teaching staff are helpless in the face of this kind of thing."
So, exactly how do you envision surveillance cameras magically succeeding where other security mechanisms have failed?
Next time you're waiting on line in your local bank, keep yourself busy by counting the surveillance cameras. Yet banks here in Palo Alto, as everywhere else, are still getting robbed. Open your eyes: police and private surveillance cameras are all around you - with no effect on crime.
"Bathrooms are often marked up..."
And so? You want surveillance cameras in the school BATHROOMS? And who's the lucky voyeuristic pedophile who gets the job of electronically peeking in the pants of our kids? Let's be fair and also publicly post the URLs of the websites the voyeur will upload the video to, so all pedophiles will have an equal opportunity to get kinky with our kiddies.
"Further, PAUSD campuses are NOT safe in the evening. Building exteriors are poorly lit."
Umm..then how about lighting them??
"It's a no-brainer."
Clearly - 100% brain-free.
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Short story writers wanted!
The 31st Annual Palo Alto Weekly Short Story Contest is now accepting entries for Adult, Young Adult (15-17) and Teen (12-14) categories. Send us your short story (2,500 words or less) and entry form by April 13, 2017. First, Second and Third Place prizes awarded in each category.


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The Horse Forum
- Barn Maintenance
- - Burying Waterline
Burying Waterline Hi all, Need advice on how to cost effectively bury water for pasture about 150 from the barn. I will be trenching for electricity, and thought , Hey, If I do a water line. I wont have to carry water in the snow and ice etc. So , I was thinking of 1 inch line, 3 feet down. In the Niagara region, and I know your supposed to go four feet, but the rental trencher only does 3. Could I get away with no tracer line and use a pipe wrap only, as one business suggested? Or do I have to go with some heat. Either way, I'm on a Really tight budget, so you know my mind set. Any suggestions would be much obliged!! Thx, rover |
You might get away with the four foot depth but should anything walk across the line, a dog, deer, person, it will drive the frost deeper. Mine is buried 8' and it's never been a problem. A frost free hydrant was installed that opens a valve and allows the water in the pipe to empty down into the trench, instead of freezing. I recommend you go with a back hoe that can dig that deep. As for wiring, ask an electrician what weight of wire you need because of the length. Always go heavier rather than too light as you only want to bury it once. You can install a water line with the heat line built in. I thinks it's called Pyro tech. |
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nevermind that, i was checking their services and accidentally added putting the computer together in my cart
don't worry ill do that myself
nevermind that, i was checking their services and accidentally added putting the computer together in my cart
don't worry ill do that myself
Any recommendations on fan controllers for 5.25 bay?
ZALMAN ZM-MFC1 Plus Fan Controller - Black
I currently have an i5-2500k sandy bridge quad-core 3.3ghz processor and 1 gtx 560ti at factory clock and 8gbs of ram. (and 64bit windows ultimate of course) How well do you guys think I could run BF3 at 1920x1080?
My Wifi keeps randomly cutting out, I have to disconnect and reconnect for it to work again.. any ideas?
All on Ultra. I can do it on a C2Q and a OC'd 460 so it'll run on your PC easily.
Tried to turn on and off the router?
My old router used to do that but on wired internet. The problem there was that is was dying.
I want to change my start orb, what should I use?
The Win 7 Start Button Changer didn't work, btw.
It refreshed explorer, but the orb stayed the same.
Does anyone know anything about ultimatum gamekeys site,
or g2play.net?
Ultra easily
I used g2play to get BF2 a few years ago, worked fine. Haven't used Ultimatum but I haven't seen anyone having problems with them.
Do people really need 60fps to play a game?
Ofcourse he'll play it Ultra, just not at 60fps, probably a bit less.
Why? I understand that for an FPS (especially in multiplayer) 60fps is preferred anything past 35ish is playable especially with motion blur, either way he'll get around 40-50 on ultra.
Not to mention BF3 is a pretty slow paced game as far as shooters go.
Motion blur looks horrible at low fps, input lag.
My two 6870s can't even run the game on ulrta, but that might due to my terrible luck with those cards.
My single can run ultra quite well, definitely the cards, but you already know that.
Yup. Been through six of them and each one has been quite shitty.
Try them separate and benchmark them, I can't see it being the cards themselves unless you're very very unlucky.
Oh I have benchmarked them many times.
Have you not seen the results in CIPWTTKT?
I have not sorry.
They seem to get over 100% scaling in games.
Link the benchmarks/post?
One 6870.
6870s in Crossfire.
I can't find my Crysis or Metro 2033 results but have Stalker: CoP maxed out at 1920x1080
whoa whoa guys I meant "well", like on medium without any of my parts exploding. But thanks for the info. (IF ONLY ORIGIN WASN'T DOWN)
CoP benchmarks just go way over my head, no idea of the performance you should be getting on them.
I don't either but I never heard of a 100% and more fps increase in any game/benchmark.
What are the premises for mixing ram. Voltages or speed? What need to be the same?
Voltages and speed and timings all need to be the same.
Currently I have:
AMD x3 445
Radeon 6670
ASRock 770 Extreme3
What will be the most outdated in ~1 year, and what upgrade would give me the largest performance boost?
voltage is the only one that might cause crashes (undervolting to match other RAM), otherwise you can put whatever RAM you want together, just know that they'll all be as fast as the slowest
have this: http://www.newegg.com/Product/Produc...82E16820104242
will this work?
Also, any other suggestions for ram that might be cheaper/better?
those seem to be the cheapest atm
What program is that?
It's the Stalker CoP benchmark.
Linky: http://downloads.guru3d.com/S.T.A.L....load-2433.html
Technically those are all outdated right now. You'll want a new graphics card first though, as that platform is still decent for gaming.
This is todays shellshocker.
Any good? It is one of the ssds that is recommended on this forum right?
link would be nice: http://www.newegg.com/Product/Produc...82E16820233206
My gpu fan seems to be stuck at 41% regardless of temperature.
I'm using msi afterburner now to control it, but any idea as to why it seems to not be able to control itself?
It's an ASUS branded 480 by the way
Why does this randomly happen? It can happen like right now when I was browsing facepunch and looking at some youtube videos.
Or is it just soluto being dumb?


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ADA Info
Come to the Cypress Creek Book Festival on Saturday, May 7 at 10:30 am. Our speaker is DiAnn Mills. She has written several bestselling books and she is a Christy Award winner. Among her books are "Firewall", "Double Cross", and "Deadlock." We are fortunate to have her as our speaker for the Book Festival. She will be speaking on "Writing in the 21st Century." If you want to be a published author, come and hear her speak. If you love to read, find out how she creates her wonderful stories. Books will be available for purchase and signing.
They say everyone has a book inside them just dying to get out, but once you write it, the question becomes how to get it into the hands of readers. This Saturday, September 6, 1:00 – 4:00 pm, LSC – Tomball Community Library will host an Author Date with three local writers who have done just that.
Come enjoy light refreshments and meet authors, Paul A. Bussard, Alberto Arcia and Alan Berkowitz as they discuss the ins-and-outs of publishing and the writing process.
LSC – Tomball Community Library, Room L-129. Saturday, September 6, 1:00 – 4:00 p.m.
Copies of the authors' books will be available for purchase from the Friends of Tomball Library.
Words are very powerful and have a lasting effect. April is considered Poetry Month. Northwest is hosting the Author Kristen Clark. She is the author of 30 classic and vintage poems about butterflies. We look forward to seeing you at the library ready to listen on Saturday April 12 at 1:00 PM.
Mark your calendars for Tuesday, April 8th, at 7:00 PM at Evelyn Meador or Wednesday, April 9th, at 7:00 PM at Freeman! As a part of Freeman Library's continuing celebration of 50 years of service to the Clear Lake area, Freeman Branch Library, along with Evelyn Meador Library, are pleased to host Jennifer Pharr Davis, hiker, author, speaker, and 2012 National Geographic Adventurer of the Year!
Mark your calendar: Monday, July 1st, at 2:00 p.m., celebrated mystery author Jane K. Cleland will be at LSC-Tomball Community Library to meet with you, talk about her books, and answer your questions. She will also sign your own Jane Cleland books and/or the one you might win as a door prize. All this in a casual environment in Room L 129, with light refreshments.
In case you don't know Cleland's work, she is the author of the Josie Prescott Antiques Mysteries, a traditional 'cozy' mystery series set in New Hampshire in which antiques appraiser Josie Prescott is the sleuth. She also writes short stories, 'noir' plays, and a number of other genres of fiction and non-fiction. Below are the links to the Antiques Mysteries in our collection, and we hope to see you July 1st!
Children's author Bruce Coville joins us via Skype this Friday, for an online chat and book discussion. Coville, best known for the Unicorn Chronicles, Magic Shop books, and Sixth Grade Alien series, was an elementary school teacher before publishing his first book in 1977, with his wife, artist Katherine Dietz.
Visit his website, BruceCoville.com.
Friday, June 29, 2012 1:00pm Kids Corner
Image: http://topics.syracuse.com/tag/Bruce%20Coville/index.html
understand your true nature? recognize the foundations on which some of your belief systems were built? discover that no two thoughts can occupy the same space at the same time? discover ways to choose your thoughts, therefore choosing who and what you want to be? gain insight on how to stay motivated? If so, you'll want to come to the library on Thursday, June 21, at 4:00 pm, to listen to Laura Washington. Ms. Washington is a Christian scholar, a published author, and an experienced motivational speaker. She would love to share what she has learned with you!
Big name authors visit Houston all the time! Tomorrow (Wednesday, June 29), James Rollins will be at Murder by the Book, which is on Bissonnet near Greenbriar. Rollins is the author of about a dozen best-selling novels. See the author James Rollins Adults Books Fairbanks
This past Monday, some of the Fairbanks Book Club members and I went to see author Lisa See at Rice University. She is an excellent speaker! She told some funny stories about her personal life and she talked some about her new book, "Dreams of Joy," and about the movie that's coming out on July 15 based on her book "Snow Flower and the Secret Fan." One of the interest
Join us Thursday, November 4, at 7:00pm, to welcome travel author Rick Steves. Steves will discuss his book, "Travel as a Political Act", followed by a book signing. Mr Steves' visit is sponsored by the Lone Star College-CyFair, Friends of the Library. Hear his insights as a travel writer, public television host, and Seattle businessman when when he visits the campus to discuss the importance of travel in gaining a deeper understanding and appreciation for different cultures. Join us in the Main Stage Theatre, Center for the Arts at:


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derkp avait besoin d'un nouveau design de page web et a lancé un concours sur 99designs.
Un gagnant a été sélectionné de 16 designs proposés par 13 designers freelance.
see link below
We are a new, upstart agency that specializes in making online businesses successful. We transform under-performing websites and take moderately successful websites to the next level.
Our primary audience is online entrepreneurs and small to medium size businesses, but also some enterprise-level businesses. They would like their online business / website to be more successful. They may have specific goals for it.
This project is to deliver a Photoshop website design (using appropriate use of layers) in PSD format. It should include a simple logo for the website. (See final link below for website name)
Use these websites to inspire you - we love that they establish what they do and how they do it in a clear, simple to understand way:
Please see the link below for a PDF with sample content. (I can provide the text in other formats if you desire). Do not take the (ugly) design in the PDF literally. Its goal is to give you an idea of the content & layout priority. I'd prefer if you were inspired by the examples above.
The website name is in the top right corner. Please insert a simple, attractive logo in your design with this name.
Many thanks


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CAS Students in Their Own Words
Tuesday, June 28, 2011
USD Magazine - The ritual is a familiar one: caps and gowns, pomp and circumstance, tears and smiles. Scores of cameras click incessantly, capturing this crowning moment when years of hard work are recognized — at last! — with a firm handshake, a deeply-felt "congratulations" and a suitably ornate diploma.
Yes, there will be hard work and challenges ahead, no matter the major, whatever the field. Carefully laid plans get changed, and life is filled with surprises. But whatever is to come, one thing is certain: The accomplishments represented by each one of this year's USD graduates are already most extraordinary.
Please join us in congratulating all of those whose efforts we celebrate at this time of year, and read on to learn what some stellar representatives of the Class of 2011 — and one up-and-comer from the Class of 2014 — have to say for themselves. (Full Story)
Contact Information
James T. Harris III, DEd
Office of the President
Hughes Center 222
5998 Alcalá Park
San Diego, CA 92110
Phone: (619) 260-4520
Fax: (619) 260-6833
Office Hours
8 a.m. - 5 p.m.


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Wow! I want to join here or witness all the famous photography to joined. - Casa Sandoval
Blurb Photography Book Now
Noted photography book expert Darius Himes returns to the competition for the fourth year as lead judge. In this role, Himes will lead a panel of distinguished photographers, publishers, editors and gallery curators who will jury the Photography Book Now competition. The 2011 competition jurors include:
Markus Schaden, Publisher and Curator
Larissa Leclair, Founder, Indie Photobook Library
Gerry Badger, Photographer
Jon Levy, Founder and Director, FOTO8
Chris Boot, Executive Director, Aperture Foundation
Matt Eich, Photographer, LUCEO
Steven McCurry, Photographer, Magnum
Whitney Lawson, Photo Editor, Travel + Leisure
Claudia Hinterseer, Founder, NOOR
Larry Fink, Photographer
Henry Horenstein, Educator and Photographer
Laura Brunow Miner, Founder, Pictory
"Photography Book Now offers photographers from all backgrounds and from around the world an incredible opportunity to showcase their best work in book form," said Darius Himes, lead judge of Photography Book Now. "We are thrilled to have assembled such a prestigious group of photography professionals as jurors for this year's competition. Submissions from the competition's first three years have set the bar high, and our jurors are looking forward to seeing even more inspiring work this year."
Submissions will be accepted through 3:00 pm PDT on July 14, 2011, at http://www.photographybooknow.com http://photographybooknow.blurb.com/.
Leading photography and design organizations have joined Photography Book Now as sponsors. Hewlett Packard returns as the sponsor of the $25,000 grand prize. Adobe will be supplying $5,000 to each of the four category winners, and New Page Corp. is the exclusive People's Choice sponsor. Other category prizes will be provided by liveBooks, Lensbaby, Wacom, Nik Software and X-Rite. Additional sponsors include Mohawk Fine Papers, British Journal of Photography, Photo District News, Digital Photo Pro Magazine, CENTER, D-Photo, FOTO8, iStockphoto, Monster Children Magazine, and PHOTONEWS. To view a complete list of sponsors and prize packages, please visit www.photographybooknow.com/sponsors.
The finalists' books in each category will become part of the permanent collections at the International Center of Photography, the Indie Photobook Library and the George Eastman House.
"Creating a beautifully produced photography book while retaining complete control of the creative process is what every artist craves," said Eileen Gittins, founder and CEO, Blurb. "We also have heard from past winners of Photography Book Now that having their work recognized by such distinguished jurors as well as featured at international photography events around the world has opened new doors for them professionally. We are deeply committed to celebrating the medium of photography books and are proud to present Photography Book Now for its fourth year."
For more information and to enter the competition, please visit http://www.photographybooknow.com http://photographybooknow.blurb.com/.
About Photography Book Now
Photography Book Now is an international-juried book competition that celebrates the most creative and innovative self-published photography books, and the people behind them. Now in its fourth year, Photography Book Now offers international photographers of all stripes the opportunity to showcase their work to a world-renowned panel of judges, and take a shot at a $25,000 grand prize. All entries must be received by 3:00 pm PDT on July 14, 2011. For more information, visit www.photographybooknow.com.
About Blurb
Blurb is a creative publishing and marketing platform that unleashes the creative genius inside everyone. Blurb's platform makes it easy to design, publish, market and sell professional-quality books, using the Blurb Bookify™ online bookmaking tool, Blurb's free, award-winning Blurb BookSmart app or by using Blurb's PDF to Book workflow. Blurb's bookstore and online marketing tools enable customers to market and sell their books, and keep 100% of their profit. Blurb's social and community features allow customers to create and share Blurb books among friends and colleagues with ease.
Blurb was founded by Eileen Gittins in 2005, and includes a team of design, Internet and media veterans who share a passion for helping people bring their stories to life. In 2010, Blurb shipped just under 1.4 million books to more than 70 countries and territories. In 2010, Blurb was ranked the fastest growing media company on the Inc. 500. Blurb is based in San Francisco with offices in London. For more info, visit blurb.com.
- You Can Make Your Images Better by NOT Doing These 10 Things in Photoshop (VIDEO)
- Getting Started in Photoshop? Here's How to Use Layer Masks to Edit Difficult Images (VIDEO)
- Take Better Portraits in Direct Sunlight with This Tutorial from Fashion Pro Lou Freeman (VIDEO)
- Freebie Alert: Get the "National Geographic Guide to Photography" with This Free PDF Download
- These Stunning Images Are the 10 Category Winners in the 2017 Sony World Photography Awards Competition


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Quote: The Supercomputing Challenge has been a valuable experience in developing a project to its greatest integrity and has also been a great strengthener of friendship and camaraderie. - Alan Hshieh
An optional graphics logo poster, whose artwork and catchy slogan creatively embody the Supercomputing Challenge program, may also be submitted by your team at the Expo. (Since it will be used in print, it should be created at 300dpi or better resolution.)
The poster should be designed on a single sheet of poster board. It can be hand-drawn, designed on a computer, or created by a combination of methods. There is an award for the individual(s) who design the winning graphical logo poster.
The poster must be comprised of original artwork and text! You may not copy or borrow pictures, artwork, slogans, etc. from any outside source. At the Expo, all of the Supercomputing Challenge participants will judge the poster entries and select the winner.
The best graphics logo poster will serve as the Supercomputing Challenge logo for the next year, appearing on Supercomputing Challenge letterhead, T-shirts, book bags, and Web site.
See the past logos in the archive.


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Fourth International (post-reunification)
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The Fourth International (FI), founded in 1938, is a Trotskyist international. In 1963, following a ten-year schism, the majorities of the two public factions of the Fourth International, the International Secretariat and the International Committee, reunited, electing a United Secretariat of the Fourth International. In 2003, the United Secretariat was replaced by an Executive Bureau and an International Committee, although some other Trotskyists still refer to the organisation as the USFI or USec.
- 1 Background
- 2 Seventh World Congress: reunification
- 3 After 1963
- 3.1 Eighth World Congress: anti-imperialist focus
- 3.2 Ninth World Congress: Vietnam solidarity
- 3.3 Tenth World Congress: guerrilla debate
- 3.4 Eleventh World Congress: end of factionalism
- 3.5 Twelfth World Congress: SWP rejects Trotskyism
- 3.6 Thirteenth World Congress: 'New World Order'
- 3.7 Fourteenth World Congress: regroupment
- 3.8 Fifteenth World Congress: transformation
- 3.9 Sixteenth World Congress: ecosocialism
- 4 The International today
- 5 Participants
- 6 Internal factions
- 7 See also
- 8 References
- 9 External links
The ISFI was the leadership body of the Fourth International, established in 1938. In 1953 many prominent members of the International, and supported by the majority of the Austrian, British, Chinese, French, New Zealand and Swiss sections together with the U.S. Socialist Workers Party organized against the views of Michel Pablo, a central leader of the ISFI who successfully argued for the FI to adapt to the growth of the social democratic and communist parties. This led to disagreements between supporters of the ISFI and those parties on how to build revolutionary parties. These tensions developed into a split, leading to the suspension of those parties which had formed the International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI) late in November 1953.
Over the following ten years a majority of the two sides developed similar approaches to a number of major international problems: opposing Stalinism during the 1956 crises in Poland and Hungary, and supporting the Algerian War of Independence and the 1959 Cuban Revolution. At the same time, parties in the ISFI had retreated from Pablo's orientation to the communist parties. In 1960, the sections of the ICFI and ISFI reunited in Chile, India and Japan. In 1962, the political convergence between the majorities on both sides was strong enough for the ISFI and ICFI to establish a Parity Commission to prepare a joint World Congress. That congress aimed to reunify the Fourth International.
Some groups on both sides did not support the movement towards reunification. In the run-up to the 1961 congress of the ISFI the supporters of the Argentine Juan Posadas, a leader of the Latin American Secretariat, found themselves in agreement with the supporters of Michel Pablo in stressing the primacy of the anti-colonial revolution: the majority in the ISFI placed a greater emphasis on developing activity in Europe. However, Posadas and Pablo developed different reactions to the split in Stalinism: Posadas tended towards Mao Zedong, while Pablo was closer to Nikita Khrushchev and Josip Broz Tito.
A similar development happened on the ICFI side. By 1961 the ICFI had split politically, the Internationalist Communist Party (PCI) in France and the Socialist Labour League (SLL) in Britain arguing that a workers' state had not been created in Cuba, putting them at odds with the American SWP and the other organisations in the ICFI. By 1963, the split was also organizational. Each side held a congress at which it claimed to be the majority of the ICFI. On the one hand, the Austrian, Chinese and New Zealand sections met at a congress with the SWP and voted to take part in the reunification congress. On the other hand, Pierre Lambert's PCI and Gerry Healy's SLL called a "International Conference of Trotskyists" to continue the work of the ICFI under their own leadership.
Seventh World Congress: reunification[edit]
The June 1963 Reunification Congress,[1] the seventh, in Rome represented a large majority of the world's Trotskyists in its ranks.
Among ICFI and ISFI groups, only the PCI and the SLL refused to attend; the supporters of Posadas had left in 1962. The congress elected a new leadership team including Ernest Mandel, Pierre Frank, Livio Maitan and Joseph Hansen, who moved to Paris to co-edit World Outlook with Pierre Frank.
It also adopted a strategic resolution drafted by Mandel and Hansen, Dynamics of World Revolution Today[2] which became a touch-stone document for the International over the following decades. It argued that "three main forces of world revolution—the colonial revolution, the political revolution in the degenerated and deformed workers' states, and the proletarian revolution in the imperialist countries—form a dialectical unity. Each force influences the others and receives in return powerful impulses or brakes on its own development." Reflecting on the Cuban Revolution, accomplished without a revolutionary party, is also concluded that "The weakness of the enemy in the backward countries has opened the possibility of coming to power with a blunted instrument." This view was reinforced the following year, through the United Secretariat's resolution On the Character of the Algerian Government[3] drafted by Joseph Hansen.
The Reunification Congress also adopted a resolution on "The Sino-Soviet Conflict and the situation in the USSR and the other workers' states".[4] The resolution noted the declining authority of the Kremlin both inside the Communist parties and with anti-imperialist movements such as those in Cuba and Algeria. It viewed 'de-Stalinisation' as a defensive liberalisation by the bureaucracy. The Sino-Soviet split was viewed as reflecting "the different needs of the bureaucracies headed by the two leaderships (...). The search for agreements and above all an over-all agreement with imperialism on the part of the Soviet bureaucracy contradicts the search by the Chinese leaders for more aid and for better defenses against the heavy pressure of imperialism." Pablo's tendency had drawn more optimistic conclusions about the impact of de-Stalinisation. It presented a counter-resolution, but only won minority support along with some places on the International Executive Committee: it publicly broke with the International a year later, claiming that Pablo had been ousted.
After 1963[edit]
Lambert's Internationalist Communist Party (PCI) in France and the Socialist Labour League (SLL) in Britain did not take part in the reunification congress, but discussions continued on the topic. The PCI and SLL maintained the ICFI under their own leadership, opposing key elements in the reunification documents, including the view that the July 26 Movement had created a workers' state in Cuba. They argued instead that Cuba's revolution did not bring power to the working class; the SLL believed that Cuba had remained a capitalist country.[5] In their view, the International's support for the Cuban and Algerian leaderships reflected a lack of commitment to the building of revolutionary Marxist parties. While not rejecting reunification in itself, the continuing ICFI argued that a deeper political discussion was needed to ensure that Pablo's errors were not deepened.[6]
Those within the U.S. Socialist Workers Party (SWP) who broadly shared this view formed a "Revolutionary Tendency" led by Tim Wohlforth and James Robertson in 1962. They argued that the party should have a full discussion of the meaning of Pabloism and the 1953 split. Along with the remainder of the ICFI, they argued that Cuba's revolution did not prove that the Fourth International was no longer necessary in the colonial countries. However, differences inside the Revolutionary Tendency developed.[7] In 1964, with Wohlforth laying the evidentiary basis for claims of "party disloyalty" against Robertson, the tendency was expelled from the party. In the opinion of Robertson's group, Wohlforth conspired with the SWP leadership to get Robertson's group expelled.[8]
The ICFI unsuccessfully repeated its appeal for a deep discussion with the reunified Fourth International at the end of 1963, and on later occasions.[9] Its 1966 conference called for a Fourth International Conference.[10] The ICFI approached the Secretariat again in 1970, requesting "a mutual discussion that might open the way to the Socialist Labour League and its French sister organisation, the Organisation Communiste Internationaliste, reunifying with the Fourth International".[11] Similar approaches were rejected in 1973.[12]
A further departure was registered in 1964 when the only mass organisation within the International, the Lanka Sama Samaja Party of Ceylon, was expelled after entering a coalition government in that country. The ISFI had sharply criticised the LSSP's parliamentary tactics in 1960, and the LSSP had been absent from the 1961 congress, but was represented at the 1963 congress by Edmund Samarakkody.[13]
By 1964 the LSSP's leadership abandoned the party's longstanding opposition to the SLFP, completing a political turn it had attempted in 1960, until the Sixth World Congress condemned the LSSP for offering support to the SLFP. In 1964, the International also opposed the entrance of the LSSP into a coalition government, with Pierre Frank addressing the LSSP's June 1964 conference to explain the United Secretariat's views. The International severed relations with the LSSP; it supported a split at the LSSP conference, supported by around a quarter of its membership and led by Bala Tampoe, a trade union leader, and 14 members of the LSSP's central committee. Tampoe and other LSSP dissidents organised the Lanka Sama Samaja Party (Revolutionary), which became the Ceylonese section of the International.
Eighth World Congress: anti-imperialist focus[edit]
At the Eighth World Congress, held in the Taunus Mountains in Germany during December 1965, Samarakkody was also the delegate of a new section in Ceylon, the LSSP (R), formed by an 'orthodox' tendency in the LSSP. Sixty delegates attended the congress, which witnessed a growth from an international radicalisation of students and youth. The main resolution on The International Situation and the Tasks of Revolutionary Marxists[14] focussed the sections on solidarity for anti-imperialist struggles, such as that in Vietnam, and intervening into the youth radicalisation and the crisis in international Communism. Other major resolutions were adopted on Africa,[15] Western Europe[16] and the deepening Sino-Soviet split.[17] That congress recognised two sympathising groups in Britain. One, the Revolutionary Socialist League, better known as the Militant tendency, objected to what it regarded as the uncritical way in which the International supported anti-colonial liberation movements and regarded the International's decision to give official recognition to a second, rival, group as undemocratic. Its views had deep roots, and the RSL left the International soon after, leaving the International Group as the British section.
In 1965, the International Revolutionary Marxist Tendency led by Michel Pablo split; it rejoined in 1992.
Ninth World Congress: Vietnam solidarity[edit]
The International grew substantially in the 1960s, alongside most other left-wing groups. The April 1969 Ninth World Congress in Italy gathered 100 delegates and observers from 30 countries including new sections in Ireland, Luxembourg and Sweden and rebuilt ones in France, Mexico, Spain and Switzerland. It adopted a major resolution on the deepening youth radicalisation.[18] Over the following years its sections continued to grow principally through campaigns in opposition to the war in Vietnam, though the student and youth radicalisation.
In 1964 the current around Argentine Trotskyist Nahuel Moreno fused his followers into the reunified Fourth International, bringing in hundreds of new members from throughout Latin America.
Unification was discussed between the International and the French group Lutte Ouvriere. In 1970, Lutte Ouvriere initiated fusion discussions with the French section, the LCR. After extensive discussions, the two organisations agreed the basis for a fused organisation, but the fusion was not completed. In 1976 discussions between the LCR and Lutte Ouvriere progressed again. The two organisations started to produce a common weekly supplement to their newspapers, common electoral work and other common campaigning.[19]
After the Lambert's current left the ICFI in 1971, its Organising Committee for the Reconstruction of the Fourth International (OCRFI) opened discussion with the International. In May 1973, Lambert's tendency unsuccessfully requested to take part in the discussions for the 1974 congress, but the United Secretariat did not take the letter at face value and asked for clarification. In September 1973 the OCRFI responded positively and the United Secretariat agreed a positive reply. However, in the rush of preparations for the world congress the United Secretariat's letter was not sent, leading Lambert's group to repeat its request in September 1974 through an approach to the US SWP. The following month the Secretariat organised a meeting with the OCRFI. However, discussions decelerated after Lambert's Internationalist Communist Organisation made an attack on Ernest Mandel, which it later acknowledged as an error. In 1976 new approaches by the OCRFI met with success, when it wrote with the aim "to strengthen the force of the Fourth International as a single international organisation". However, these discussions decelerated again in 1977 after the Internationalist Communist Organisation leaders stated that it had members inside the Revolutionary Communist League, the International's French section.[20]
The period from 1969 to 1976 was the stormiest because of a faction struggle over the centrality of guerrilla warfare in Latin America and elsewhere. The 1969 congress had adopted a sympathetic approach to the tactics of guerrilla warfare; only one of the International's leaders opposed this approach at that time, Peng Shuzi.[21]
Tenth World Congress: guerrilla debate[edit]
The Leninist Trotskyist Tendency successfully worked to convince the international majority that it had previously supported guerrilla struggles with a mistaken orientation. In February 1974, votes at the Tenth World Congress divided 45:55 on the question of armed struggle, with a large minority opposing the generalised use of guerrilla tactics in Latin America.
The 1974 congress registered further growth, with organizations from 41 countries. According to Pierre Frank, "About 250 delegates and fraternal delegates participated, representing 48 sections and sympathising organisations from 41 countries. Compared to the previous congress the numerical strength of the Fourth International had increased some tenfold."[22] By the time the eleventh congress arrived, a new level of unity seemed to have developed in the International.
Eleventh World Congress: end of factionalism[edit]
The years prior to the Eleventh World Congress reflected declining factional heat in the International: no international factions have been declared since then. Michel Pablo's tendency raised the question of unity in 1976, with an ambitious proposal that it and the International could eventually unify in a new organisation comprising tendencies that were, or were evolving towards, revolutionary Marxism. The Secretariat felt unable to move ahead with the proposal.[23] Pablo's tendency finally rejoined in 1995.
Two currents with roots in Gerry Healy's ICFI also came towards the International at this time: the Workers Socialist League in Britain and the Socialist League in Australia both opened discussions in 1976.[24] Both currents would eventually merge with the sections of the International in their countries; the Socialist League merging in 1977, while the majority of the Workers Socialist League became the Socialist Group, which was to attend the ninth world congress and eventually join in 1987.
Resolutions on the world situation, Latin America, women's liberation and Western Europe were adopted by overwhelming percentages. The world congress agreed that the sections should execute a turn to industry. The congress, held in November 1979, gathered 200 delegates from 48 countries. It registered further growth above all in Spain, Mexico, Colombia and in France. The congress also opened a discussion on the place of pluralism in Socialist Democracy, which was to continue until 1985. It also invited contributions from the Workers' Socialist League in Britain, developing a relationship which led to WSL's successor organisation joining the International in 1987.
The most contested debate at the congress was on the Nicaraguan revolution. Two views developed inside the United Secretariat, but both supported the FSLN and argued for the building of a section of the International inside the FSLN. This approach was disputed by the tendency of Nahuel Moreno, which split to merge briefly with the tendency led by Pierre Lambert.
Twelfth World Congress: SWP rejects Trotskyism[edit]
In May 1982 the Fourth International opened the discussion for the Twelfth World Congress. The period before the Twelfth World Congress coincided with a deep crisis in the SWP (US). The SWP's leaders started to register a number of disagreements with the International, and withdrew from the day-to-day leadership of the International. In 1982 the Political Bureau of the SWP decided against the theory of Permanent Revolution, a key element of Trotskyism. The SWP's evolution was a central discussion at the congress, by which time the SWP's leadership had withdrawn from active participation in the International, prompting the International to launch International Viewpoint in 1982 and International Marxist Review in 1983. The International also supported the establishment of the International Institute for Research and Education in 1982.
Over 200 delegates and observers attended the twelfth congress in January 1985. The main resolutions were adopted by around three quarters of the delegates. New sections were recognised in Brazil, Uruguay, Ecuador, Senegal and Iceland, as well as a number of sympathising sections, bringing the total to fifty countries. A major resolution was adopted on The Dictatorship of the proletariat and socialist democracy,[25] which built on the discussion at the 1979 world congress.
The SWP (US) and its co-thinkers formally left the International in 1990, following the Socialist Workers Party (Australia) which had developed similar criticisms of Trotskyism to the SWP, but had reached different conclusions by the time of its departure in 1986.
Thirteenth World Congress: 'New World Order'[edit]
The Thirteenth World Congress, in February 1991, was one of the most ambitious, addressing a systematic change in the global balance of forces. Its resolutions spanned the 'New World Order', European integration, feminism and the crisis of the Latin American left.[26] The resolutions discussed a fundamental reversal of fortune for the anti-capitalist struggle, reflected by defeats in Central America, the 1989 revolutions in the Eastern Bloc, and the weakening of the workers' movement. The congress rejected a counter-resolution on the world situation from a tendency supported by members of the International Socialist Group and the Revolutionary Communist League: the tendency was supported by six of the 100 delegates to the congress. In the opinion of the tendency, the crisis of imperialism was set to accelerate.
It was agreed to continue discussion on a resolution, "Socialist Revolution and Ecology", which was provisionally approved subject to approval at the fourteenth congress.[27] The congress also approved the general line of a programatic manifesto, titled "Socialism or barbarism on the eve of the 21st century" and to continue the discussion on it at the January 1992 meeting of the International Executive Committee. It also registered substantial growth through the affiliation of the Nava Sama Samaja Party in Sri Lanka.
Fourteenth World Congress: regroupment[edit]
Generally, however, the period after 1991 was increasingly unfavourable for Marxists. The June 1995 Fourteenth World Congress in Belgium addressed the final collapse of the USSR and the resulting realignment in the Communist Parties and the international workers' movement. The congress was attended by 150 participants from 34 countries: delegates from nine further countries were unable to attend. The main political resolutions were adopted by between 70% and 80% of delegates. The resolutions stressed the historical exhaustion of social democracy and the opportunities for political regroupment. A minority tendency was formed at the congress, supported by members of the International Socialist Group and Socialist Action (US), which emphasised the building of sections of the Fourth International above regroupment.
The Congress resolutions adopted a policy of encouraging realignment and reorganisation on the left, along with support for broad class-struggle parties such as the Party for Communist Refoundation in Italy, Gauche Unies in Belgium, the African Party for Democracy and Socialism in Senegal, the Workers' Party in Brazil,[28] parties that also sent representatives to the congress. In a mainly symbolic reunification, Michel Pablo's small tendency rejoined at the 1995 World Congress. Pablo and Mandel would both die shortly after.
Fifteenth World Congress: transformation[edit]
By February 2003, when the Fifteenth World Congress was held in Belgium, a substantial transformation had taken part in the International. In many countries, sections of the International had reorganised as tendencies of broader political parties, while the International had established friendly relationships with a number of other tendencies. The congress resolutions were debated by more than 200 participants included delegations from sections, sympathising groups and permanent observers from Argentina, Austria, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Britain, Canada - English Canada and Quebec, Denmark, Ecuador, Euskadi, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Ireland, Japan, Lebanon, Luxemburg, Martinique, Morocco, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Uruguay, and the USA.[29]
The congress was notable for adopting major texts on ecology and on lesbian and gay liberation.[30] The fifteenth congress adopted new statutes which gave the powers of the United Secretariat to two new Fourth International committees: an International Committee, which meets twice a year, and an Executive Bureau (which also refers to itself as the International Bureau).[31] Several years later, on March 3, 2014, the World Socialist Web Site disputed[32] the use of International Committee of the Fourth International as the byline of a [33] statement by the International's leadership.
Prior to the sixteenth world congress, a major split occurred in the FI's section in Brazil. The International was doubtful from the beginning about the participation in Lula's government of a leader of its Brazilian section, later saying that "from the beginning there were different positions about ... participation in the government, in the International as well as in your ranks. But once the DS had decided in favour of participation, without hiding our reservations and doubts, we respected your decision and tried to help rather than put a spoke in your wheel. So we made an effort to convince comrades in our own sections that logically speaking the question of participation in the government should be subordinated to a judgement of the government's orientations."[34] As time went on, the International became more openly critical of its section's role in government.[35] Members in Brazil were then in two different organisations: a majority group, Socialist Democracy (Brazil), which is inside the PT; and a minority ENLACE current in the PSOL, which opposes participation in capitalist government. However, Socialist Democracy withdrew from active participation in the Fourth International in 2006, leaving ENLACE as its Brazilian section.[36]
Sixteenth World Congress: ecosocialism[edit]
The International started to prepare the sixteenth congress in March 2008; the congress took place in February 2010 in West Flanders. The congress agenda was anticipated by the discussions at the 2009 meeting of the international committee.[37]
- The dual task of the Fourth International, building its sections and making steps to help a new international network develop.[38]
- The capitalist crisis and its impact on the world political situation.[39]
- Climate change and the Ecosocialism. The international committee proposed a major resolution[40] which locates the Fourth International as an ecosocialist organisation.[41]
According to Alan Thornett, "There were over 200 delegates, observers and invited guests from around 40 countries" including representatives of Lutte Ouvrière,[41] Marea Socialista, and the Nouveau Parti Anticapitaliste. Delegates came "from Australia to Canada, Argentina to Russia, China to Britain, and Congo to the United States." The congress has an especially strong participation from Asia, including the new Russian section Socialist League Vpered, the Labour Party Pakistan, the reunified section in Japan and a reoriented organisation in Hong Kong.[42]
The sixteenth World Congress was the subject of a one-hour documentary by Julien Terrie.[43] The film include interviews with participants from the NPA (France), Latit (Mauritius), the MST (Argentina), Dosta (Bosnia and Herzegovina), the PSOL (Brasil), the Labour Party (Pakistan), Kokkino (Greece) and elsewhere.
The International today[edit]
Today, the International is regarded by some other Trotskyist groups, including the IST and CWI,[citation needed] as the largest and most widespread Trotskyist international tendency, including sections and sympathizing groups in over 60 countries. While other substantial international Trotskyist groupings and large national organisations exist, none claim to be larger than the Fourth International.
Since the 1993 congress, the International has continued to open itself up to the participation of other currents. In 2004, for example, its International Committee was observed by the International Socialist Movement from Scotland, the Democratic Socialist Perspective from Australia, and the International Socialist Organization from the USA. It organized an International Meeting of Radical Parties at the 4th World Social Forum.
In March 2011, the International opposed the Western military intervention in Libya.[44]
The organisations below are cited by the Fourth International as being FI sections and journals, sympathising organisations, organisations including FI supporters or organisations with the status of Permanent Observers.[45] for those with websites.
- Algeria – Parti socialiste des travailleurs
- Austria – Socialist Alternative (Sozialistische Alternative, SOAL)
- Bangladesh - Communist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist–Leninist)[46]
- Belgium – Ligue Communiste Révolutionnaire-Socialistische Arbeiderspartij, LCR-SAP
- Brazil – Insurgência (a group within Socialism and Liberty Party, PSOL)
- Britain – Socialist Resistance (SR)
- Canada – Canada - New Socialist Group
- Quebec – Gauche Socialiste, GS
- Denmark – Socialistisk ArbejderPolitik, SAP
- France – Nouveau Parti anticapitaliste
- Corsica – A Manca (A Manca)
- Germany – Internationale Sozialistische Linke, ISL
- Germany – Revolutionär Sozialistischer Bund, RSB
- Greece – Organosi Kommouniston Diethniston Ellados-Spartakos, OKDE-Spartakos
- Italy – Sinistra Anticapitalista
- Italy – Communia Network
- Italy – Sinistra Critica
- Mexico – Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores
- Netherlands – Socialist Alternative Politics (Socialistische Alternatieve Politiek, SAP)
- Philippines – Rebolusyonaryong Partido ng Manggagawa – Mindanao
- Portugal – Revolutionary Socialist Political Association (APSR) (Edições Combate)
- Puerto Rico – Taller de Formación Política, TFP
- Russia – Russian Socialist Movement (former members of the Socialist league VPERED)
- Spain – Izquierda Anticapitalista, IA
- Catalonia – Revolta Global – Esquerra Anticapitalista)
- South Africa – Amandla!
- Sri Lanka – New Social Equality Party, NSSP
- Sweden – Socialistiska Partiet, SP
- Turkey – (New Course for Socialist Democracy) (Sosyalist Demokrasi icin Yeniyol)
Organizations with 'permanent observer' status[edit]
Organizations who share the International's perspective of struggle but do not wish to join it formally can obtain the status of "permanent observer". This status enables organizations to participate in meetings of leading bodies—which bodies will be specified in each case—with the right to speak but not to vote.
- Argentina – Socialist Workers' Movement - New Left (MST-Nueva Izquierda)
- Australia – Socialist Alternative
- Croatia – Workers Struggle (Radnicka Borba)
- France – Anticapitalist Left (Gauche anticapitaliste)
- France – Unitarian Left (Gauche unitaire)
- Greece – Kokkino
- India – Radical Socialists
- Indonesia – Politik Rakyat
- Switzerland – Anticapitalist Left (Gauche Anticapitaliste (GA))
- Switzerland – Movement for Socialism (Mouvement pour le socialisme)
- Switzerland – Solidarity (Switzerland) (solidaritéS)
Organizations with currents supporting the FI[edit]
- Brazil – Socialism and Liberty Party-PSOL (Insurgência, MES and CRS)
- Denmark – Red-Green Alliance (Denmark) (Enhedslisten – De Rød-Grønne)
- Portugal – Left Bloc (Bloco de Esquerda, BE): Revolutionary Socialist Party (Partido Socialista Revolucionário, PSR), a current within
Sympathizing organizations (including ex-official sections)[edit]
- Ireland – Socialist Democracy
- Japan – Japan Revolutionary Communist League (Nihon Kakumeiteki Kyôsanshugisha Dômei, JRCL)
- United States – Socialist Action
- United States– Solidarity
Youth groups[edit]
- Greece – OKDE Youth Circles
- Belgium – Anticapitalist Youth
- Sweden – Socialist Youth
- United States – Youth for Socialist Action
Organisations linked to the FI[edit]
These organisations have been thought to have had fraternal relations with the FI, but are not listed on the FI's list of sections.
Previously thought to have been sections[edit]
- Egypt – Section of the Fourth International
- India – Revolutionary Communist Organization (Inquilabi Communist Sangathan). The ICS was a section but no longer exists.
- South Korea – Power of the Working Class (No-dong-ja-euy Him). This
- Japan – Fourth International Japan Section Reconstruction Preparation Group (Dayon Intânashonaru Nihon Shibu Saiken Jumbi Gurûpu, Dayon Intâ Saiken-ha)
- Japan – Fourth International Women's Liberation Group (Dayon Intâ Josei Kaihô Gurûpu, Dayon Intâ Jokai G). The 1991 Congress decided the members of this group remained members of the FI when the JRCL was derecognised.
- Luxembourg – Revolutionary Socialist Party (Revolutionär Sozialistesch Partei /Parti Socilaiste Révolutionnaire). This was the section but no longer exists.
- Paraguay – Section of the Fourth International
- Tunisia – Revolutionary Communist Organization (Organisation Communiste Révolutionnaire). This was the section but no longer exists.
Previously thought to have been sympathising sections[edit]
- Mauritius – Lalit. The FI has fraternal relations but Lalit has never has any status in the FI although the initial organisation counted FI members among its founders.
- Mexico – Revolutionary Workers' Party-Socialist Convergence (Partido Revolucionario de los y las Trabajadores-Convergencia Socialista). In the 1990s, a time of extreme fragmentation of the PRT this was one current which maintained an existence for some years.
- South Africa – Workers Organisation for Socialist Action
Previously thought to have been observers[edit]
- Australia – Democratic Socialist Perspective (DSP) (Dissolved in 2010)
- Scotland – International Socialist Movement (dissolved in 2006)
- Switzerland – Socialist Alternative / Solidarity (Sozialistische Alternative / Solidarität, SOAL)
- United States – International Socialist Organization (ISO)
Previously thought to have contained FI supporters[edit]
- Corsica – Movement of the National Left (Muvimentu di a Manca Naziunale) – still does.
- Germany – Association for Solidarity Perspectives (Verein für solidarische Perspektiven, VsP) The actual ISL was a current within the VSP.
- Malaysia – Socialist Party of Malaysia
- Morocco – Party of the Unified Socialist Left (Parti Socialiste Unifié / الحزب الإشتراكي الموحد)
- Norway – Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse, RV)
- Norway – Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti, SV)
- Paraguay – Socialist Popular Convergence Party (Partido Convergencia Popular Socialista)
- Poland – Revolutionary Left Current (Nurt Lewicy Rewolucyjnej, NLR)
- Réunion – Mouvement pour une alternative réunionnaise à l'ordre néolibéral
- Senegal – And-Jëf/African Party for Democracy and Socialism (And Jëf/Parti africain pour la Démocratie et le Socialisme, AJ/PADS) – a current within
- Syria – Antiglobalization Activists in Syria (AGAS)
- Turkey – Freedom and Solidarity Party (Özgürlük ve Dayanisma Partisi, ÖDP) – a current within
- United States – Labor Standard
Internal factions[edit]
Revolutionary Marxists[47][edit]
Supported by:
- France – Anticapitalism & Revolution (Anticapitalisme & Révolution) (faction of the New Anticapitalist Party)
- Germany – Revolutionary Socialist League (Revolutionär Sozialistischer Bund, RSB)
- Greece – Organization of Communist Internationalists of Greece-Spartacus (Organosi Kommouniston Diethniston Ellados-Spartakos, OKDE-Spartakos)
- Ireland - Socialist Democracy
- United States - Socialist Action
- Canada - Socialist Action
See also[edit]
- International Viewpoint
- List of Trotskyist internationals
- List of Trotskyist organizations by country
- ^ Farrell Dobbs & Joseph Hansen, "Reunification of the Fourth International", International Socialist Review, Fall 1963; Livio Maitan, "Per una storia della Quarta Internazionale", Rome, 2002.
- ^ "Dynamics of World Revolution Today", International Socialist Review, Fall 1963.
- ^ "On the Character of the Algerian Government", World Outlook, 21 February 1964.
- ^ "The Sino-Soviet Conflict and the situation in the USSR and the other workers' states", International Socialist Review, Spring 1966.
- ^ Cliff Slaughter, Revisionism and the Fourth International, Labour Review, Summer 1963.
- ^ Trotskyism Betrayed: The SWP accepts the political method of Pabloite revisionism, 1962, Socialist Labour League
- ^ "Call for the reorganization of the minority tendency in the SWP", Trotskyism versus Revisionism, Vol. 4
- ^ Harry Turner, Marxism versus Ultraleftism, p. 89
- ^ Gerry Healy, Letter of September 27, Trotskyism versus Revisionism, Vol. 4.
- ^ Resolution in Trotskyism versus Revisionism, Vol. 5
- ^ Bob Pitt, Gerry Healy – Rise and Fall, June 2002, on the What Next? website.
- ^ Jack Barnes, letter in Trotskyism versus Revisionism, Vol. 5.
- ^ Robert J. Alexander, "Trotskyism in Ceylon/ Sri Lanka: Split and Decline of Ceylon/Sri Lanka Trotskyism", in International Trotskyism 1929-1985: A Documented Analysis of the Movement, Duke University Press, 1991.
- ^ "The International Situation and the Tasks of Revolutionary Marxists", International Socialist Review, Spring 1966.
- ^ "The Progress and Problems of the African Revolution", International Socialist Review, Spring 1966.
- ^ "The Evolution of Capitalism in Western Europe", International Socialist Review, Spring 1966.
- ^ "The Sino-Soviet Conflict and the Crisis of the International Communist Movement", International Socialist Review, Spring 1966.
- ^ "The Worldwide Youth Radicalization and the Tasks of the Fourth International", International Socialist Review, July 1969.
- ^ SWP US International Internal Discussion Bulletin, Vol. XIV, No. 3, pp. 34–5, 1977.
- ^ SWP US International Internal Discussion Bulletin, Vol. XIV, No. 3, p. 32, 1977
- ^ Peng Shuzi, "Return To The Road Of Trotskyism", International Information Bulletin, No. 5, March 1969.
- ^ Pierre Frank, The Fourth International: The Long March of the Trotskyists, Ink Links 1979.
- ^ Mary-Alice Waters in SWP US International Internal Discussion Bulletin, Vol. XIV, No. 2, p. 33, 1977.
- ^ Mary-Alice Waters in SWP US International Internal Discussion Bulletin, Vol. XIV, No. 2, p. 31, 1977.
- ^ Ernest Mandel, "The Dictatorship of the proletariat and socialist democracy", Internationhal Viewpoint.
- ^ "13th World Congress - 1991", International Viewpoint website.
- ^ "Socialist Revolution and Ecology", International Viewpoint website.
- ^ "14th World Congress - 1995", International Viewpoint website.
- ^ "15th World Congress - 2003", International Viewpoint website.
- ^ 'On Lesbian/Gay Liberation "
- ^ "Statutes of the Fourth International", International Viewpoint website.
- ^ The political fraud of International Viewpoint's statement on Ukraine. The World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved on 2014-03-03.
- ^ Statement on Ukraine
- ^ "Letter from FI leaders to the Brazilian DS" - February 2005, on the International Viewpoint website.
- ^ François Sabado, "Brazil: Crisis and rebirth of the Left", International Viewpoint, No.371, October 2005.
- ^ " Four years of debates in the Fourth International, a summary"
- ^ "International Committee Reports", International Viewpoint website.
- ^ "Role and Tasks of the Fourth International".
- ^ François Sabado, "The crisis overdetermines all of world politics".
- ^ "Resolution on Climate Change"
- ^ a b "Fourth International declares itself ecosocialist", Socialist Resistance website.
- ^ "The International becomes a perspective", International Viewpoint website.
- ^ Passons la flamme, pas les cendres. Reportage-Vidéo sur le 16e Congrès mondial de la IVe Internationale. Lcr-lagauche.be (2012-03-09). Retrieved on 2013-07-26.
- ^ Statement by the Fourth International, "Down with the Gaddafi regime! Stop the imperialist intervention now! Support the Libyan revolution!", International Viewpoint, No.434, March 2011.
- ^ Fourth International - International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine. International Viewpoint. Retrieved on 2015-11-10.
- ^ From Maoism to Trotskyism in Bangladesh
- ^ http://4thinternational.blogspot.co.uk/
External links[edit]
- International Viewpoint (International's online magazine)
- Insurgência (Brazilian Section webpage)
- Red Mole Rising - an online archive of the then British Section, International Marxist Group related material including copies of Red Mole, Red Weekly and Socialist Challenge.


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Midfielder still a part of Fulham plans, says boss
Fulham, Updated:
[.[views].], BY ClubCall
Boss Roy Hodgson has reiterated that he has no plans to sell midfielder Jimmy Bullard in January's transfer window.
After suffering numerous injury problems over the last two seasons, Bullard has made a return to full fitness this campaign and his early-season form earned him a call-up to Fabio Capello's England squad for the first time.
The former West Ham and Wigan star's performances have resulted in him being linked in speculation with a series of moves away from Craven Cottage to, among others, Everton, Portsmouth and back to Wigan.
But Hodgson has moved to end the transfer talk and said: "There is no transfer talk between Fulham Football Club and Jimmy Bullard. That is just paper talk."


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Full profile →'">
The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer.
Copper has been dethroned as the investment world's most favored industrial metal by delegates attending Metals Week in London who voted in favor of two upstarts, tin and lead.
While not a recommendation to sell copper, the opinion of metal traders who gather annually for a series of events organized by investment banks, and the London Metal Exchange (LME), is a guide to future market trends.
What the collective view of delegates indicates is that the slow pace of global growth will not trigger a sudden recovery in metal prices, but it will underpin a steady increase in demand.
Surprisingly Bullish
According to Macquarie Bank, which organized its own Base Metals Summit as part of Metals Week, the overall mood of people attending was "surprisingly bullish" with a survey of 340 delegates showing a preference for tin, lead and zinc as the metals most likely to perform well next year.
"For the first time since 2008 copper was no longer the favored base (industrial) metal on a 12-month view," Macquarie said in the latest edition of its newsletter, Commodities Comment.
Copper's fall was substantial, with just 17% of delegates forecasting it to be the best performing base metal in 2014, three times less than the 54% who preferred copper in last year's vote.
Equal First
"Tin and Lead, the tightest from a fundamental (supply and demand) standpoint, shared the favorite long position, each polling 28% of votes cast," Macquarie said.
Aluminum reinforced its position as the favorite short with 39% of delegates listing it as the metal likely to be the worst performer in 2014.
Copper, surprisingly was seen as the second best short with 33% listing it as likely to fall in price.
Zinc Rising Fast
Zinc, which was the least favored metal last year, was the best improver on a percentage basis, lifting its vote from 4% to 12% of delegates who expect it to be the top performer over the next 12 months.
Tin's rise to equal first with a 28% share of the vote compared with 11% last year. Lead's rise to match tin's 28% compared with 13% last year.
Nickel joined aluminum as the metal least likely to perform well with both suffering from chronic over-supply.
Interesting as the opinions of traders and investors at Metals Week are they need to be viewed cautiously because last year's optimistic forecasts were wide of the mark with all metals, bar one, falling in the 12-months between events.


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Kid Rock, Ted Nugent Record Song Telling Confederate Flag Detractors Exactly What They Can KissThey're not ready to make nice.


text:
No head of state looks forward to meeting a national leader known for the brutal silencing of his critics. Had Angela Merkel pursued a more courageous line in foreign policy, she could have saved herself a deal of discomfiture. By Matthias SailerMore
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A court in Cairo has sentenced Egypt's ousted president, Hosni Mubarak, to life imprisonment. This means that the 84-year-old is the first Arab ruler to be held to account for orders given during the Arab Spring. But the verdict leaves more questions unanswered than answered. Matthias Sailer takes a closer look at the verdict and what it means for EgyptMore
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The Ottoman Empire, founded in 1299, collapsed in November 1922, when the last sultan, Mehmed VI, was sent into exile. The First World War had been a disaster for the empire, with British and allied forces capturing Baghdad, Damascus and Jerusalem. A new government, the Turkish Grand National Assembly, was set up in 1920 in Ankara, which then became the Turkish capital. Constantinople, formerly the imperial capital, was renamed Istanbul in 1930.