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Al-Anfal campaign
Al-Anfal campaign | |||||||
Part of the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict and the Iran–Iraq War | |||||||
Belligerents | |||||||
Ba'athist Iraq | KDP PUK |
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Saddam Hussein Ali Hassan al-Majid Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri Ahmad al-Tai Hussein Rashid al-Tikriti Farhan Jubouri Saber Abdel Aziz al-Douri Taher Tawfiq al-Ani Ayad Abbas Al-Nassri Wafiq Al-Samarrai |
Massoud Barzani Jalal Talabani |
Units involved | |||||||
1st Corps 5th Corps[1] National Defense Battalions |
Strength | |||||||
200,000 | 3,500 | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
50,000-182,000 civilians killed[2][3] |
The Al-Anfal campaign (Harakat al-Anfal/Homleh al-Anfal) (Kurdish: پڕۆسەی ئەنفال) (Arabic: حملة الأنفال) Operation Anfal or just simply Anfal was a campaign against Kurdistan in northern Iraq, led by Ali Hassan al-Majid in the final stages of the Iran–Iraq War. The campaign takes its name from Surat al-Anfal in the Qur'an, which was used as a code name by the former Iraqi Baathist government for a series of systematic attacks against the Kurdish fighters in northern Iraq, conducted between 1986 and 1989 and culminating in 1988. Sweden, Norway and the United Kingdom officially recognize the Anfal campaign as genocide.[4]
Al-Anfal is the eighth sura or chapter of the Qur'an which explains the triumph of 313 followers of the new Muslim faith over almost 900 pagans at the Battle of Badr in 624 AD. Al Anfal literally means the spoils (of war) and was used to describe the military campaign of extermination and looting commanded by Ali Hassan al-Majid. His orders informed jash (literally "donkey's foal" in Kurdish) units that taking cattle, sheep, goats, money, weapons and even Kurdish women was legal.[5]
The Anfal campaign began in 1986 and lasted until 1989, and was headed by Ali Hassan al-Majid (a cousin of then Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein from Saddam's hometown of Tikrit). The Anfal campaign included the use of ground offensives, aerial bombing, systematic destruction of settlements, mass deportation, firing squads, and chemical warfare, which earned al-Majid the nickname of "Chemical Ali".
Thousands of civilians were killed during the anti-insurgent campaigns stretching from the spring of 1987 through the fall of 1988. The attacks were part of a long-standing campaign that destroyed approximately 4,500 Kurdish and at least 31 Assyrian Christian villages in areas of northern Iraq and displaced at least a million of the country's estimated 3.5 million Kurdish population. Amnesty International collected the names of more than 17,000 people who had "disappeared" during 1988.[6][7] The campaign has been characterized as genocidal in nature. It is also characterized as gendercidal, because "battle-age" men were the primary targets, according to Human Rights Watch/Middle East.[8] According to the Iraqi prosecutors and Kurdish officials, as many as 180,000 people were killed.[9]
The campaign[edit]
In March 1987, Ali Hassan al-Majid was appointed secretary-general of the Ba'ath Party's Northern Region, which included Iraqi Kurdistan. Under al-Majid, control of policies against the Kurdish insurgents passed from the Iraqi Army to the Ba'ath Party itself. It would be known as al-Anfal ("The Spoils"), in a reference to the eighth sura of the Qur'an.
Anfal, officially conducted in 1988, would have eight stages altogether, seven of them targeting areas controlled by the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan. The Kurdish Democratic Party-controlled areas in the northwest of Iraqi Kurdistan, which the regime regarded as a lesser threat, were the target of the Final Anfal operation in late August and early September, 1988. For these assaults, the Iraqis mustered up to 200,000 soldiers with air support—matched against Kurdish guerrilla forces that numbered no more than a few thousand.
Military operations and chemical attacks[edit]
On March 16, 1988, there was a genocidal poison gas attack on the city of Halabja in which 3,200-5,000 Kurdish people were killed, most of them civilians.[10][11]
Concentration camps and extermination[edit]
When captured Kurdish populations were transported to detention centers (notably Topzawa, near the city of Kirkuk), adult and teenage males viewed as possible insurgents were separated from the civilians. According to Human Rights Watch/Middle East,
With only minor variations ... the standard pattern for sorting new arrivals [at Topzawa was as follows]. Men and women were segregated on the spot as soon as the trucks had rolled to a halt in the base's large central courtyard or parade ground. The process was brutal ... A little later, the men were further divided by age, small children were kept with their mothers, and the elderly and infirm were shunted off to separate quarters. Men and teenage boys considered to be of an age to use a weapon were herded together. Roughly speaking, this meant males of between fifteen and fifty, but there was no rigorous check of identity documents, and strict chronological age seems to have been less of a criterion than size and appearance. A strapping twelve-year-old might fail to make the cut; an undersized sixteen-year-old might be told to remain with his female relatives. ... It was then time to process the younger males. They were split into smaller groups. ... Once duly registered, the prisoners were hustled into large rooms, or halls, each filled with the residents of a single area. ... Although the conditions at Topzawa were appalling for everyone, the most grossly overcrowded quarter seem to have been those where the male detainees were held. ... For the men, beatings were routine. (Iraq's Crime of Genocide, pp. 143–45. ISBN 0-300-06427-6)
After a few days in these camps, the men accused of being insurgents were trucked off to be killed in mass executions.
In its book Iraq's Crime of Genocide, Human Rights Watch/Middle East writes: "Throughout Iraqi Kurdistan, although women and children vanished in certain clearly defined areas, adult males who were captured disappeared in mass. ... It is apparent that a principal purpose of Anfal was to exterminate all adult males of military service age captured in rural Iraqi Kurdistan." (pp. 96, 170). Only a handful survived the execution squads. Even amidst this most systematic slaughter of adult men and boys, however, "hundreds of women and young children perished, too," though "the causes of their deaths were different—gassing, starvation, exposure, and willful neglect—rather than bullets fired from a Kalashnikov." (Iraq's Crime of Genocide, p. 191.) Nevertheless, on September 1, 2004, U.S. forces in Iraq discovered hundreds of bodies of Kurdish women and children at the site near al-Hatra, believed to be executed in early 1988 or late 1987.[12]
The focus of the Iraqi killing campaign varied from one stage of Anfal to another. The most exclusive targeting of the male population occurred during the final Anfal (August 25-September 6, 1988). This was launched immediately after the signing of a ceasefire with Iran, which allowed the transfer of large amounts of men and matériel from the southern battlefronts. The final Anfal focused on "the steep, narrow valleys of Badinan, a four-thousand-square mile chunk of the Zagros Mountains bounded on the east by the Great Zab and on the north by Turkey." Here, uniquely in the Anfal campaigns, lists of the "disappeared" provided to Human Rights Watch/Middle East by survivors "invariably included only adult and teenage males, with the single exception of Assyrians and Yezidi Kurds," who were subsidiary targets of the slaughter. Many of the men of Badinan did not even make it as far as "processing" stations, being simply "lined up and murdered at their point of capture, summarily executed by firing squads on the authority of a local military officer." (Iraq's Crime of Genocide, pp. 178, 190, 192; on the fate of the Christians and Yezidi Kurds, see pp. 209–13.)
On June 20, 1987, directive SF/4008 was issued under al-Majid's signature. Of greatest significance is clause 5. Referring to those areas designated "prohibited zones," al-Majid ordered that "all persons captured in those villages shall be detained and interrogated by the security services and those between the ages of 15 and 70 shall be executed after any useful information has been obtained from them, of which we should be duly notified." However, it seems clear from the application of this policy that this referred only to males "between the ages of 15 and 70." Human Rights Watch/Middle East takes this as given, writing that clause 5's "order [was] to kill all adult males," and later: "Under the terms of al-Majid's June 1987 directives, death was the automatic penalty for any male of an age to bear arms who was found in an Anfal area." (Iraq's Crime of Genocide, pp. 11, 14.) A subsequent directive on September 6, 1987, supports this conclusion: it calls for "the deportation of ... families to the areas where there saboteur relatives are ..., except for the male [members], between the ages of 12 inclusive and 50 inclusive, who must be detained." (Cited in Iraq's Crime of Genocide, p. 298.)
"Arabization," another major element of al-Anfal, was a tactic used by Saddam Hussein's regime to drive pro-insurgent populations out of their homes in villages and cities like Kirkuk, which are in the valuable oil field areas, and relocate them in the southern parts of Iraq.[13] The campaign used heavy population redistribution, most notably in Kirkuk, the results of which now plague negotiations between Iraq's Shi'a United Iraqi Alliance and the Kurdish Kurdistani Alliance. Saddam's Ba'athist regime built several public housing facilities in Kirkuk as part of his "Arabization," shifting poor Arabs from Iraq's southern regions to Kirkuk with the lure of inexpensive housing.
Iraq's Kurds now strongly resent Arabs still residing in Ba'ath-era Kirkuk housing, and view them as a barrier to Kirkuk's recognition as a Kurdish city (and regional seat) in an increasingly sovereign Kurdish Autonomous Region.
Documenting the Kurdish Genocide[edit]
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In August 2013, after many years of relationship building, Imani Lee Language Services entered into a multi-year and multi-phased agreement with the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG), an autonomous state within the borders of Iraq, regarding an important project of historical significance.
The first phase of the project concerned the translation of historical documents related to the events that happened in Halabja, Iraq within Kurdistan on March 16, 1988, when Saddam Hussein's regime bombed the entire district with chemical weapons in the closing days of the Iran–Iraq War, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 5,000 Kurds. The attack on Halabja has been well-documented as being the single most brutal attack of Saddam Hussein's reign, as well as the deadliest chemical weapons attack against a civilian population in the history of the world. Today, many of the living Kurdish civilians affected by the chemical attack still suffer from various illnesses both psychological and physical, in addition to the birth defects of their progeny.
For years, the victims of the attack and the KRG have tried to tell their story to the rest of the world, an effort which has included petitioning international countries to recognize the attack as an official act of genocide.
The Kurdish Genocide has been published in Halabja: Facing the Poisons of Death, A Legal Reading of the Event and the Supreme Iraqi Criminal Court Documents, authored by Bakr Hamah Seddik Arif, a lawyer and member of the Iraqi Parliament.
According to the HRW during the Anfal campaign, the Iraqi government:
- Massacred 50,000 to 100,000 non-combatant civilians including women and children according to Human Rights Watch.[14] Although Kurdish officials have claimed the figure could be as high as 182,000.[3]
- Destroyed about 4,000 villages (out of 4,655) in Iraqi Kurdistan. Between April 1987 and August 1988, 250 towns and villages were exposed to chemical weapons;[15]
- Destroyed 1,754 schools, 270 hospitals, 2,450 mosques, 27 churches;[16]
- Wiped out around 90% of Kurdish villages in targeted areas.[3]
- Made 2,000 Assyrian Christians, along with Kurds and others, victims of gas campaigns [17]
Violation of human rights[edit]
The campaigns of 1987–89 were characterized by the following human rights violations:
- a) mass summary executions and mass disappearance of many tens of thousands of non-combatants, including large numbers of women and children, and sometimes the entire population of villages; 17,000 persons are known to have disappeared in 1988 alone. Template:Ibid. 11
- b) the widespread use of chemical weapons, including mustard gas and the nerve agent GB, or sarin, against the town of Halabja as well as dozens of Kurdish villages, killing many thousands of people, mainly women and children;[citation needed]
- c) the wholesale destruction of some 2,000 villages, which are described in government documents as having been "burned", "destroyed", "demolished" and "purified", as well as at least a dozen larger towns and administrative centers (nahyas and qadhas);[citation needed] Since 1975, some 4,000 Kurdish villages have been destroyed by the former Iraqi regime.[citation needed]
- d) Human Rights Watch/Middle East estimates that between 50,000 and 100,000 people were killed.[2] Some Kurdish sources put the number higher, estimating 182,000 Kurds were killed.[18]
- e) Army engineers destroyed the large Kurdish town of Qala Dizeh (population 70,000) and declared its environs a "prohibited area," removing the last significant population center close to the Iranian border.[citation needed]
Frans van Anraat[edit]
In December 2005 a court in The Hague convicted Frans van Anraat of complicity in war crimes for his role in selling chemical weapons to Saddam Hussein's government and given a 15-year sentence.[19] The court also ruled that the killing of thousands of Kurds in Iraq in the 1980s was indeed an act of genocide.[19] In the 1948 Genocide Convention, the definition of genocide is "acts committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group". The Dutch court said that it was considered "legally and convincingly proven that the Kurdish population meets the requirement under the Genocide Conventions as an ethnic group. The court has no other conclusion than that these attacks were committed with the intent to destroy the Kurdish population of Iraq."
Trial of Saddam Hussein[edit]
In an interview broadcast on Iraqi television on September 6, 2005, Iraqi president Jalal Talabani said that judges had directly extracted confessions from Saddam Hussein that he had ordered mass killings and other crimes during his regime and that he deserves to die. Two days later Saddam's lawyer denied that he had confessed.[20]
Anfal trial[edit]
In June 2006, the Iraqi Special Tribunal announced that Saddam Hussein and six co-defendants would face trial on August 21, 2006, in relation to the Anfal campaign.[21] In December 2006 Saddam was put on trial for the genocide during Operation Anfal. The trial for the Anfal campaign was still underway on December 30, 2006, when Saddam Hussein was executed for his role in the unrelated Dujail Massacre.[22]
The Anfal trial recessed on December 21, 2006, and when it resumed on January 8, 2007, the remaining charges against Saddam Hussein were dropped. Six co-defendants continued to stand trial for their roles in the Anfal campaign. On 23 June 2007 Ali Hassan al-Majid, and two co-defendants Sultan Hashem Ahmed and Hussein Rashid Mohammed were convicted of genocide and related charges and sentenced to death by hanging.[9] Another two co-defendants (Farhan Jubouri and Saber Abdel Aziz al-Douri) were sentenced to life imprisonment, and one (Taher Tawfiq al-Ani) was acquitted on prosecution's demand.[23]
Al-Majid was charged with war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. He was convicted in June 2007 and was sentenced to death. His appeal of the death sentence was rejected on 4 September 2007, he was sentenced to death for the fourth time on 17 January 2010, and was hanged eight days later, on 25 January 2010.[24]
Remembrance day[edit]
The Kurdistan Regional Government has set aside April 14 as a day of remembrance for the Al-Anfal campaign.[25]
International recognition[edit]
# | Name | Date of recognition | Source |
1 | Norway | 21 November 2012 | [26] |
2 | Sweden | 5 December 2012 | [27][28] |
3 | United Kingdom | 1 March 2013 | [29] |
4 | South Korea | 13 June 2013 | [30] |
On December 5, 2012, Sweden's parliament, the Riksdag, adopted a resolution by the Green party to officially recognize Anfal as genocide. The resolution was passed by all 349 members of parliament.[31] On February 28, 2013, the British House of Commons formally recognized the Anfal as genocide following a campaign led by Conservative MP Nadhim Zahawi.[32]
Part of a series on |
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Issues |
Documented instances |
Related topics |
Category |
See also[edit]
- 1991 uprisings in Iraq
- Human rights in Saddam's Iraq
- Kurdish Rebellion of 1983
- List of conflicts in the Middle East
- Halabja massacre
- ^ "TRIAL : Profiles". Trial-ch.org. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
- ^ a b "Iraqi Anfal". Human Rights Watch. 1993. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
- ^ a b c The Crimes of Saddam Hussein – 1988 The Anfal Campaign PBS Frontline
- ^ "British Parliament officially recognizes 'Kurdish Genocide'". Hurriyet Daily News. 1 March 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
- ^ Jonathan C. Randal, After Such Knowledge, What Forgiveness?: My Encounters with Kurdistan, 356 pp., Westview Press, 1998, ISBN 0-8133-3580-9, p.231
- ^ Iraq: 'Disappearances' – the agony continues Archived October 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. Amnesty International
- ^ Certrez, Donabed, and Makko (2012). The Assyrian Heritage: Threads of Continuity and Influence. Uppsala University. p. 288. ISBN 978-91-554-8303-6.
- ^ Whatever Happened To The Iraqi Kurds? Human Rights Watch Report, 1991
- ^ a b Omar Sinan (June 25, 2007). "Iraq to hang 'Chemical Ali'". Associated Press. Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
- ^ "BBC ON THIS DAY | 16 | 1988: Thousands die in Halabja gas attack". BBC News. Retrieved 2013-08-28.
- ^ "Halabja, the massacre the West tried to ignore". Timesonline.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-08-28.
- ^ Mass grave unearthed in Iraq CNN, October 13, 2004
- ^ Middle East Watch. Genocide in Iraq, the Anfal Campgain Against the Kurds, Human Rights Watch, 1993, p. 36
- ^ GENOCIDE IN IRAQ Human Rights Watch, 1993
- ^ Michael Rubin, Are Kurds a pariah minority? Social Research, Spring, 2003.
- ^ "List of the churches been demolished by Saddam Hussein's regime" (PDF). Capiraq.org. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
- ^ Certrez, Donabed, and Makko (2012). The Assyrian Heritage: Threads of Continuity and Influence. Uppsala University. p. 289. ISBN 978-91-554-8303-6.
- ^ "Ethnic Cleansing and the Kurds". Jafi.org.il. 2005-05-15. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
- ^ a b Killing of Iraq Kurds 'genocide' BBC News, 23 December 2005
- ^ Lawyer denies Saddam confession BBC News, 8 September 2005
- ^ Iraqi High Tribunal announces second Saddam trial to open Associated Press, June 27, 2006
- ^ Dictator Who Ruled Iraq With Violence Is Hanged for Crimes Against Humanity The New York Times, December 30, 2006
- ^ 'Chemical Ali' sentenced to hang CNN, June 24, 2007
- ^ "Saddam Hussein's henchman 'Chemical Ali' executed". Telegraph.co.uk. 2010-01-25. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
- ^ http://cabinet.gov.krd/a/d.aspx?s=010000&l=12&a=17470
- ^ "Norwegian Government recognises Saddam Hussein's genocide - Justice4Genocide calls on the British Government to do the same". 21 November 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
- ^ "Is Swedish neutrality over?". 11 December 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
- ^ "Swedish Parliament recognises Saddam Hussein's genocide - Justice4Genocide calls on Britain to do the same". 14 December 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
- ^ "British parliament unanimously recognises Kurdish genocide". 1 March 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
- ^ "South Korea recognizes Kurdish genocide". 13 June 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
- ^ "Is Swedish neutrality over?". Pravda. 11 December 2012. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
- ^ "Historic Debate Secures Parliamentary Recognition of the Kurdish Genocide". Huffingtonpost.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
36. ^Documenting the Kurdish Genocide - http://www.journalscene.com/article/20140131/SJ02/140139940/1048. January 31, 2014
External links[edit]
- Genocide in Iraq: The Anfal Campaign Against the Kurds, Human Rights Watch, July 1993
- Whatever Happened To The Iraqi Kurds? Human Rights Watch, 1991
- Case Study: The Anfal Campaign (Iraqi Kurdistan), 1988 gendercide.org
- The Crimes of Saddam Hussein - 1988 The Anfal Campaign
- Anfal: The Kurdish Genocide in Iraq
- Anfal//kdp.se (official site of KDP)
- 1986 in Iraq
- 1987 in Iraq
- 1988 in Iraq
- 1989 in Iraq
- 20th century in Iraq
- Arabization
- Conflicts in 1986
- Conflicts in 1987
- Conflicts in 1988
- Conflicts in 1989
- Genocides
- Massacres in Iraq
- Military operations involving chemical weapons during the Iran–Iraq War
- Military operations of the Iran–Iraq War involving the Peshmerga
- Persecution of Kurds in Iraq
- Prisoners of war massacres
- War crimes in Iraq
- Iraqi war crimes
- Massacres of Kurds


text:
The Impact Of Antismoking Policies In Korea On Quit Success And Smoking Intentions
"In 2001 and 2002, the Korean government dramatically increased cigarette taxes, anti-smoking advertisements, and smoking prohibitions as part of an anti-smoking campaign. This paper examines the impacts of these policy changes by modeling quit success and smoking intentions pre- and post-policy and attributing model differences to anti-smoking policies. Model results provide evidence that national anti-smoking policies increased both quitting success and intention to quit. However, the impacts of these policies are uneven throughout Korean society. Females and those who exercise for health maintenance experienced higher quit success. Heavy smokers and high frequency alcohol drinkers stated they are less likely to quit smoking post-policy. One impact of national anti-smoking policies is reduced provincial differences among Koreans in both quit success and intention to quit. Future anti-smoking policies should address the different needs of these groups." ("JEL" D12, I19) Copyright (c) 2009 Western Economic Association International.
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Volume (Year): 28 (2010)
Issue (Month): 4 (October)
Pages: 474-487
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Students honored in Duke TIP
Ten Gothenburg seventh graders were recently honored for outstanding achievement on the Duke Talent Identification Program (TIP) test.
Ali Bartels, Hannah Boyd, Arleigh Costello, Madison Coulter, Patrick Hudson, Emma Jorgenson, Jocelyn Kennicutt, Kori Kowalewski, Noah Larson and Aaron Whiting were invited to attend a state recognition ceremony at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln May 14.
Each year, Duke TIP hosts at least one state recognition ceremony in each of the states with the largest talent search enrollments, which includes Nebraska, to honor seventh grade students who meet the state level qualifying score criteria.
The ceremony is similar to a graduation ceremony, with a keynote speaker, and honorees are called on stage to receive a commemorative medal.
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Our Hotel Room In Venice
We flew into Venice a day before our honeymoon cruise began and we stayed in this cozy hotel in the heart of Venice. We had to lug our suitcases up a million stairs to get to the room! I loved the key!
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Nice Tongue!
Fun fact about Sketchie- he is a huge clean freak. I think he spends half his life cleaning himself. He also doesn't like it when we touch his fur because he has to clean that spot again. Do you have any pets? Share a fun fact about them if you'd like :)
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Fruit and Nut Energy Bites
Good morning and Happy Friday! Did anyone notice the surprise in today's Daily Food picture? I will be putting some interesting pictures in the Daily Pics that won't make it on the blog, so keep your eyes peeled. I have also added Daily Pic previews on the right sidebar that will take you to the […]


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Well, it's been awhile since we've heard anything from "Monsters" director Gareth Edwards. Following the success of his cult genre flick, he landed the director's chair on the "Godzilla" remake that seems to be going nowhere fast and then last summer word arrived he was pitching a movie developed with producer Timur Bekmambetov that was said to be "an epic human story set in a futuristic world without humanity" that would be something akin to "a robot 'Star Wars.' " And then, nothing else was heard. But a few more details about the movie has cropped up.
The folks over at Bleeding Cool chatting with Bekmambetov recently and learned that the film is now titled "Forever," and the screenplay is well on its way. "It's happening. He shot a test film, and we now have to wait until the script is in place. Gareth is meeting with the writer to polish the script. The writer is Dante Harper," Bekmambetov said.
Harper is no small potatoes, having penned Doug Liman's "All You Need Is Kill" that will shoot this fall as well as the upcoming "Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters" in addition to having an adapation of Isaac Asimov's "Foundation" kicking around for Roland Emmerich. Again, details on the story haven't yet been spelled out entirely but is said to follow "a young human child (probably around 5 years old) and a robot who travel across the galaxy in search of mankind's origin in a world void of humanity and filled with robots." Which, basically, sounds amazing.
The budget has previously been reported in the $35 million range which should hopefully make it easier to find studio financing, but it's not clear if "Forever" or "Godzilla" will go first, but you can probably guess which one we'd rather see.


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The various members of the Loyalist Committee:
There were two Twi-Lek females who were aides to the fat blue male Twi-Lek senator (I forgot his name)--one female was green and the other was blue. They appeared in the beginning in Palpatine's office when the Loyalists arrived.
Young Owen & Beru
Cleat Lars
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Padme's new bodyguards: Cordae & Dormae


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Hydroponics Club First Meeting 2015
Tuesday, Apr 14, 4:10 pm
ES Building 4th floor atrium (by ES 413)
The hydroponics club is coming back to life with tomatoes, peppers, and basil growing in our new ES 512 location. Come and check out the room with us next Tuesday at 4 pm (April 14) if you're interested in growing plants in nutrient solution. We will meet up in the open area on the ES 4th floor open atrium (glass wall and benches) before heading up to ES 512 where we will introduce the practice of hydroponics and show off the systems we have so far. We will also talk about possible...


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Tag Archives: moon phase
Today's Weather at Tranquility Bay
There are some light clouds in a mostly blue sky right now at Tranquility Bay and the temperature is 80°F. The ocean is mostly calm but should get a bit rougher this afternoon when the wind gusts up to 15 kts. It is predicted to be windy again tomorrow, and then die down after Wednesday to almost nothing through this weekend. Sunset is at 5:34 tonight, and the moon is 80% full, so the evening and night should be gorgeous.


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Below are poems written by poet Bagya Lakshmi. Click the Next or Previous links below the poem to navigate between poems. Remember, Poetrysoup is an environment of encouragement and growth. Thank you.
List of ALL bagya lakshmi poems
Best Bagya Lakshmi Poems
YOU ARE THE PILOT (for boarding school students) You need not wear a veil of pain If you are perfect and prompt For your prep all time. You need not begin your day With ordeal and agony If you're uniform is identical With poignantly tucked in shirts You need not begin your day With punishment and pretence If you speak the language Of the British. You need not begin your day in Pity and peril If chew and swallow the veggies Served on your plate. You need not begin your day With protest and pressure If you complete your homework on time. You need not begin your day With piques and problems If you write your exams fine. Your struggle today is the Spring board for your better tomorrow. Adversity does not tear down you It make you desire for the Seed of greatness, So hitch your wagon to a star. s.bagyalakshmi
Copyright © bagya lakshmi | Year Posted 2013


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numbers from HTML source
I would like to read numbers from web – in html code. The page is refreshed every minute,. I would like to read 10 numbers that are all the time on the same place in the code,. bring them just as numbers in to the max/msp code and work with them,.
Do someone know how to do it? Do I have to use some external script (php,.) or I can do it just with max?
thanks lot! :)
oh, ok,. but don't be scared about the content: it is a porn page,. my project is installation conected on porn industry on the internet,. object in gallery will shake according to the activity on some of the biggest porn industry pages,. simply: "Its about the collective response",.
data I want to get:
>> first 10 videos > exmpl. first: 1,853,362 views
10min 56sec
1,853,362 views
5.00 / 5.00 rating (today)
thanks! :)
ok,. so for example,. same princip, differant page:
down, on the right side,. there are economical informations,. changing all the time,.
how to get the number from the html code on web in to my max patch? :)
Even if you're not on Leopard, install the new version. It's probably
quite a bit more stable than the old version.
Am 14.12.2007 um 15:12 schrieb Emmanuel Jourdan:
> The patch bellow show how to use jit.uldl to download a file (if
> you're on leopard, install the new version Jeremy posted a few days
> ago on the incremental download page). Jit.textfile stores the file
> as a matrix, and jit.str.regexp does the searching.
aha, so I see I will need Jitter for this operation too,. :( I bought max/msp in student discount,. :] but without jitter,. so there is no other way how to do it just with max/msp? :)
Thanks to all of you for your help,.
PS: mr. Bernstein, we met in Prague, at FAMU, on Ciant wrkshp, two yrs ago,. :)
Forums > MaxMSP


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I don't know what to say. I appreciate your kind words. I really don't deserve them.<quoted text>One of the greatest attributes that a person can display to me is loyalty. I try to be respectful to you because I see you're a good person. You're loyal to your beliefs but at the same time will admit that there are faults with your parties ideology. That to me makes your point of view credible and I always try to see things from your perspective. You believe in what you're saying and are respectful even when you insult. That tells me you're open minded, compassionate, and insulting is not in your nature. I believe you were raised in a good home and haven't really had to suffer. I say that because you lack that bite in you that a person has that has had to fight for everything you have. I may be wrong so don't get offended. That's why I backed off of Synergy because if nothing else she is loyal to her cause and I admire that. You both are a little snobby though, but I can't blame you if I had money I probally would be too. I made bad decisions as a youth is why I have to work my butt off and you probally don't because you made the right decisions. I just think you think that it's that simple. If I had grown up in a good home I could be where your at as could a lot of kids. It's not that easy to make the right decisions when there is no one there to show you the way.
You are correct as I was brought up in a good home and was taught from an early age right from wrong. My family was poor but my Daddy always worked hard and kept us clothed and fed. I am not loaded with money as you may think, so I am sorry if I come across as snobby. I have nothing to be snobby about except that I took a very imperfect life, changed it into someone that now can hold his head high and look honestly in the mirror at himself. I don't work hard now as I am retired but worked very hard all my life. Don't get me wrong I can be stirred up and become the meanest sob that you may have ever seen. Getting older has mellowed me and has given me some wisdom which I wish I had when I was much younger. I might be rich now if I hadn't been such an angry restless adventurous soul.
I have learned to accept the things I can't change, turned my anger into being productive, being kind and helpful to others if I can, and found that most people are good and honest people if given the chance. Real toughness comes from within and is not always what one sees on the battlefield. Men die easily but living the right type of life is the hard part. I have always thought that what makes a man is not what he does when people are watching him but what he does when nobody is around.


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Carson Daly has been broadening the scope of the musical offerings he presents on TV, with the host currently dividing his time between the ultra-mainstream fare of The Voice and the more indie-based Last Call. Well, a dude's gotta work, right? Last Call featured a couple of live clips of The Kills earlier this week, with the newly expanded band performing "DNA" and "Sour Cherry." The Last Call clips are always the most enjoyable way to watch artists perform on the late night talk show circuit, and these videos are no exception, with the band performing to an expectant crowd that really feeds off the energy of Alison "VV" Mosshart and Jamie "Hotel" Hince. Are we still using those nicknames? It feels like The Kills dropped those at some point. Check out "DNA" and "Sour Cherry" below. [via The Audio Perv]
Florence + The Machine - "Never Let Me Go" (Video) | Roc Marciano "Poltergeist" |


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Fertile land worth preserving
I note with interest that our local MLA Guy Gentner is to make a stand against the Liberal government's treaty with the Tsawwassen Indian band, which involves a considerable acreage of fertile ALR lands becoming a place to store or stockpile freight containers.
As the author of the second approved ALR plan in the province and the first director of planning for the North Okanagan Regional District, Vernon, I had numerous verbal threats from developers and farmers, I stood firm and the plan was approved in Victoria.
When one drives through our municipality it is evident the provincial government and the Victoria bureaucracy, which has an island mentality, is against the wishes of Delta council not supporting huge glass houses on ALR soil.
Unfortunately, the province of B.C. does not have a land use appeals body nor tribunal, which is the norm in other provinces, and other western countries, so we see all levels of government getting away with irresponsible land use decisions.
There is a saying, "You can't beat city hall or government agencies."
Please wake up Lower Mainland residents, arable land is worth preserving.
T. John Connelly


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Homeless who died in R.I. in 2012 memorialized
Advocates for the homeless held a memorial service for those who died in Rhode Island without shelter last year. The Rhode Island Coalition for the Homeless held its annual homeless memorial service Wednesday at the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in downtown Providence. WPRO-AM reported that a few hundred people attended. As a brass ensemble played, family members and friends read aloud the names of 32 homeless people who are known to have died during the past year.
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Sorel Men's Kingston Chukka
Hit the trails, hit the slopes, this boot from Sorel can take you anywhere. The Kingston chukka features a waterproof leather upper to keep you dry and a felted collar for added warmth. This low-cut style not only looks good, it makes on and off a breeze.
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Stay outside without fear in this Avalanche Trail winter boot from Sorel. The leather upper is lightweight so you can trek in the snow with ease, and the thick rubber outsole keeps slush at bay. A lace-up closure keeps this boot firmly in place without letting in the elements.
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Tread through snow and slush without fear of soggy feet in the Chesterman Chukka from Sorel. Its waterproof leather upper wards off dampness, while its insulated felt lining keeps the warmth inside for a cozy, comfortable fit. A padded insole provides custom support, and its treaded outsole will keep you stepping securely.
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While writing a Housemaid Resume, keep in mind that many of the normal resume patterns, styles, tips and rules are not applicable to this position. The prospective employers for this position are often private clients and working parents; they maneuver in a much different way than company.
From the following Best Sample of Housemaid Resume, learn how to shape your resume for a potential client. This sample along with this housemaid cover letter is very effective for entry level housemaids having no experience in addition to experienced applicants.
Housemaid Job Description and Duties
In general, a housemaid job tasked with performing everyday and particular home maintenance chores to remain the home tidy, clean, clothes laundered, dried out and ironed and kitchen dishes washed. They are also tasked to help in particular home errands occasionally. Housemaids are trained in the appropriate use of prearranged cleaning equipment for example washers and driers, consumer grade floor polishers and vacuum machines.
Alternate Job Titles of Housemaid
• Housekeeping Cleaner
• Domestic Helper
Housemaid Resume Example
Sara Johnson
36 Example Street ● Houston, TX 69999 ● [Contact #] ● [Email Address]
Energetic / Hard-working / Friendly
Results-driven, trustworthy individual with extensive experience in cleaning and housekeeping enthusiastic to get a housemaid position utilizing the following qualifications:
• Able to follow directions
• Excellent attention to detail
• Good interpersonal skills to get with other people
• Manual handiness in the use of cleaning tools and appliances
• Cheerful nature and eager to work under polluted conditions
– Linen Management | – Room Cleaning | – Waste Handling |
– Supplies Replenishment | – Equipment Disinfection | – Precautions Observance |
– Elderly/Child Care | – Dish Washing | – Furniture Dusting |
– Floor Polishing | – Rugs Cleaning | – Errands Running |
– Premise Security | – Aesthetic Sense | – General Maintenance |
Mrs. Anna Watson's House, 31 North Street, Houston TX
Housemaid, May 2009 – Present
• Sweep, wash and polish tiled floors
• Make sure house security and alert systems are make active at night
• Assist in the purchasing of groceries and other household items
• Complete routine cleaning tasks in assigned home areas
• Carry out common cleaning tasks at least once a week or month depending on owner requirement
• Dust window blinds and reorganize room items to their original places
• Clean mat and carpets, upholsteries, curtains and draperies using particular vacuum cleaners and shampooers
ABC COMPANY, Austin, TX
Domestic Assistant, Jan 2008 – May 009
• Collected clothes for laundry
• Emptied waste bins, cleaned/replaced ashtrays, and collected garbage from rooms
• Cleaned dishes after every meal
• Maintained kitchen and bathroom sanitation standards
• Cleaned kitchen utensilsincluding ovens, stoves and blenders
Diploma: ST JOHN'S HIGH SCHOOL, Houston, TX – 2005
REFERENCES available on Request


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The Addison Education Foundation, along with Addison Community Schools, is sponsoring a fundraising drive to help build a greenhouse for educational purposes on the campus.
The school has been able to raise more than $13,000 toward its $25,000 goal, according to a news release. The district plans to construct a 20-by-40-foot greenhouse outside the high school science labs. It will be used for growing and caring for plants, learning about hydroponics — growing plants without soil — and practicing aquaponics, or growing fish. The classes will also be responsible for creating and maintaining a compost pile.
Donations can be mailed to the Addison Education Foundation at P.O. Box 392, Addison MI 49220.
Funds sought for greenhouse at high school
Apr 21, 2014 at 10:42 AM


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A 911 call operator (Halle Berry) has a chance to correct a fatal error from her past while communicating with the kidnap victim (Abigail Breslin) of a serial killer.
The action starts with a bang, but deteriorates and grows more absurd as the story strays farther from the LAPD call center.
The Call cribs from so many other psychological thrillers that it might as well be called "The Girl With the Lovely Bones Cellular Silence of the Lambs.''
Halle Berry gives a convincing performance and attempts to anchor the movie (** out of four; rated R; opens Friday nationwide). But she can't save a story that is shot through with holes and grows more preposterous the more tense it tries to become.
The Call opens effectively in "the Hive," an expansive L. A. Police Department 911 call center. These first responders calmly talk people through a wide range of emergencies, from a bat flying into a child's room to a home invasion.
It's the latter emergency that derails veteran 911 operator Jordan Turner (Berry).
VIDEO: Halle Berry's new hair in The Call
MORE: The latest movie reviews from USA TODAY
She makes a tactical error when talking to a terrified teenager who is home alone when a man breaks into her house. Jordan is shaken by her mistake and haunted by a terse comment from the intruder. After she forcefully tells him "You don't have to do this," he replies chillingly, "It's already done."
Jordan is so troubled from the outcome that she takes a personal leave. When she comes back to work, she trains new employees and avoids the phones. But, in demonstrating proper procedure, Jordan ends up taking a call from Casey (Abigail Breslin), who has been abducted from a shopping mall and thrown into the trunk of a car.
It's a nightmarish scenario. And the less said about it the better, to maintain maximum suspense.
Jordan is determined to save Casey's life. Thinking on her feet, she comes up with some effective ways to provide the police tips on Casey's whereabouts. But they're dealing with a deranged and clever kidnapper (Michael Eklund).
Breslin has ditched the glasses and grown up since 2006'sLittle Miss Sunshine. As the victim here, she isn't given much to do except panic, cry and plead for her life. But she does convey believable fear and vulnerability. Eklund plays it way over the top, and the story grows increasingly preposterous the more he's on the screen. It's Berry's movie and she plays her part nimbly until a climactic finale in which she's forced to become almost another character from another movie entirely.
The Call trips up seriously when Jordan switches from competent emergency operator to avenging angel/action heroine. She can be ingenious in her efforts to keep imperiled callers focused and calm, but also surprisingly dim.
Though the film takes time to establish key connections between Jordan and her policeman dad and her LAPD detective boyfriend (Morris Chestnut), it inexplicably drops them.
The story adheres to the thriller convention of the dilly-dallying psycho killer, who takes inordinate time before doing his evil deeds, allowing the good guys to come and save the victim. What begins as an intriguingly tense look at an under-appreciated group of crime-fighters devolves into an overwrought re-hash of similar stories.


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The wrongful conviction of Tim Masters is one of the most egregious miscarriages of justice in Colorado history.
A Displaced Matricide
At the end of October 1995, Jim Broderick attended a seminar in Denver titled "Sexually Violent Offenders and Their Victims." The seminar was run by Roy Hazelwood, who had helped set up the FBI's Behavioral Science Unit in Quantico, Virginia, before retiring to life as a consultant. While listening to Hazelwood's talk, Broderick thought he heard something that might lead to a break in the case.
In the seminar, Hazelwood pointed out that in many sexual homicides, fantasy is an important element. The thinking was similar to what Broderick had surmised during his interview with Masters in 1987. In a series of discussions with Hazelwood, the former FBI crime analyst offered guidance that helped Broderick better understand the possible meaning of Masters' sketches and stories. Still, given the nature of the work necessary to determine a motive, Hazelwood suggested Broderick needed a mental health expert on the team. He recommended a forensic psychologist out of California named Reid Meloy.
While forensic scientists apply chemical and biological sciences to law enforcement, forensic psychologists delve into criminals' minds to glean their motivations and understand their impulses. Meloy was chief of San Diego County's Forensic Mental Health Division and had served as director of the psychiatric security unit at its detention facility. A prolific author, he worked as a consultant with the FBI's Counterintelligence Division, and, in a mix of science and science fiction, would become a technical consultant with the TV show CSI. Meloy was highly regarded for his ability to make sense of the minds of youthful offenders with sexual obsessions and matricidal tendencies.
After speaking with Broderick in 1997, the psychologist agreed to work on the case for a fee of $300 per hour. Broderick said he and Marsha Reed, another detective, collaborated with the psychologist to identify relevant examples of Tim Masters' writings and drawings. They converted a conference room into a war room, locked with a key code, so that they could lay out the Hettrick homicide files in a protected environment. Broderick and Reed went through the documents in the private room and assembled nine binders of information ultimately organized into 33 categories, including "Female domination," "Sudden blitz attack," "Maiming and dismemberment," "Killing from behind," and "Dragging."
Broderick and Meloy communicated for months, while in Fort Collins, Broderick and Marsha Reed spent long hours cross-referencing the evidence with Meloy's analysis. They also coordinated with Larimer County chief deputy district attorney Terry Gilmore and his handpicked second, Jolene Blair. The team of Broderick, Reed, Meloy, Gilmore, and Blair worked to develop a plausible answer to the question detectives had put to Tim Masters the day after Peggy Hettrick was killed: Why?
Using Meloy's psychological insights to complement the circumstantial evidence the police had compiled, a motive fell into place. Meloy sent a report to Broderick on June 22, 1998, which, in part, read as follows:
Dear Lt. Broderick,
The homicide of Peggy Hettrick was a sexual homicide. Sexual homicides committed by juveniles typically involve a low-risk victim of the same race as the perpetrator but substantially older who lives in his neighborhood. Specificity is the key in linking Tim Masters directly to this crime.
• Tim Masters had an enormous amount of personal productions, both writings and drawings that indicate a preoccupation with violence, various modes of death and sexuality. I have never seen such voluminous production of such material in my 15 years of experience with sexual homicide cases.
• The more specific the fantasy production is—such as stabbing from behind, maiming and dismemberment—to the facts of the crime, the greater the likelihood that the person who created the productions committed the crime.
• Sexual homicide perpetrators will often revisit the scene of the crime to consolidate memory and stimulate fantasy usually for masturbatory purposes subsequent to the killing. In this case, Tim Masters visited the body of Hettrick on the morning of February 11, 1987, at 7 a.m.
• Tim Masters also drew, per his own report, a picture of a victim being dragged from behind along a blood trail on the day following the discovery of the body of Ms. Hettrick. This is an accurate and vivid drawing of the homicide as it is occurring.
• It is likely that Tim Masters selected Peggy Hettrick not on the basis of impulse but on the basis of opportunity, choice, circumstance and repetitive viewing.
• She also resembled his deceased mother, which is of enormous psychological significance.
Sexual homicides are often unconscious displaced matricides. In this case, there is ample evidence that this sexual homicide was a displaced matricide, as Tim Masters' biological mother suddenly and unexpectedly left him when he was 11 years old and died 24 hours later. She left him on February 11, 1983, exactly four years to the day before this homicide.
The killing of Ms. Hettrick translated Tim Masters' grandiose fantasy into reality. [His alter ego] Mace was portrayed as instilling fear in others. In the days following the sexual homicide, Tim Masters was feared by his classmates and teachers. It is my opinion that he actually enjoyed it.
Meloy had completed the bulk of his pretrial work for the department in seven months, and would earn more than $42,000 in fees. With Meloy's analysis, the investigators and prosecutors developed a 29-page arrest affidavit for first-degree murder.
Occasionally, Blair or Gilmore wavered and wondered if what they had was enough evidence. Blair later told a television interviewer, "There were times when Terry and I were looking at each other, like, 'Oh, what are we doing? There's no way we're gonna prove this crime!' " But each time, Broderick would restore their faith. "Wait a minute! Come on, guys!" he would say, according to Blair. "This is the right thing." And the prosecutors would come back around.


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LOS ANGELES — Eric Garcetti took the oath of office Sunday to become Los Angeles's 42d mayor, with a promise to do the basic things right while getting the city's economy rolling again.
The 42-year-old Ivy Leaguer, who often talks of the simple pleasures of growing up in the city's San Fernando Valley, will lead a sprawling city of nearly 4 million people on July 1.
He replaces fellow Democrat Antonio Villaraigosa, 60, who exits after two terms during which he pushed to improve schools and expand rail lines in a city notoriously choked by cars.
The early evening inaugural included some celebrity sparkle, with Jimmy Kimmel and musician Moby taking part.
The new mayor takes charge of a city with problems all too familiar: knotted freeways, an unemployment rate hovering around double digits, many struggling schools, battered roadways.
Garcetti has said he will focus on the economy ''like a laser beam'' and try to recover jobs lost in the recession. His goals range from getting all city workers to contribute to costly health care to dealing with longstanding gripes about potholes and cracked sidewalks.
''We have to fix the basic things,'' he said.
He will be the city's first elected Jewish mayor, and his background reflects the city's diversity: He often refers to his Italian and Mexican roots. Garcetti has a temperate, wonky style — he was a Rhodes Scholar, after attending Columbia University — that will be a change from Villaraigosa, who was known for his outsized personality and ability to make headlines about his nightlife and dating.
It also will be a generational change. Garcetti is just a few years older than Villaraigosa's eldest daughter.
Associated Press


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Comment Re:You mean the expensive optional Office? (Score 1) 186
Not everyone. But it does matter to medium to large businesses. I work at a copany with 35 desktops and 4 servers. There is no way I would recommend purchasing ANY Windows device without a full licence for office.
License compliance is a pain in the butt. However it is worth it. I know that we will not be shut down by a BSA audit because a competetor or former employee would try to convince the BSA that we flagrantly disregard Microsoft's intellectual property rights. Or the rights of Adobe, AutoDesk or Intuit as well.
A completely valid point and one I'd not considered, clearly. I wonder, in these days of BYOD (and appreciating that many Enterprises don't support this approach) how stringently those rules are applied to personal devices. And what is the legal position for the employer if the employee, of their own choice, were to buy an RT device with Outlook on it and use it to connect to a corporate Exchange server?


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the teams in my local league (queens, NY) are all full. anyone know how would i go about creating my own team?
The league coordinator should have a list of folks that are not yet affiliated with a team - but want to be. If the local organization has a captain's meeting prior to the new season - you should go to that and ask around. There is no substitute for getting involved in any organized events to get your name out there. Try any tournament or ladder type league you can find. If you are good enough for your rating - somebody will pick you up. Joining a team would likely lead to quicker success than forming a team. A totally new team should be prepared to take some serious lumps. I got lucky and was asked to join an established 3.5 team (while I was still rated 3.0) that I stumbled across at a local park. They practice every wed and sun - as long as the temp is above 40F. I showed up each possible date for about 1.5 years and filled in where ever the captain of the team needed me. Eventually he asked me to be on his team (even though he had 14 players) just to keep me from joining another team. We have won the local USTA competition now 7 years running (two for me) - and 9 out of the last 12. Unfortunately - we get creamed at the State Tourney each year. This year I played on that 3.5 team and a 4.0 team - that was formed by one of our 3.5 teammates that was bumped up. It had essentially the best players from the lower level and a couple of higher level folks we found at the captain's meeting. Keep going out and looking for folks to play with - when you find anyone with a team affiliation - do not keep it a secret that you desire to play team tennis. I personally have a blast - and look forward to each practice and each match. The road trips are the best.
thanks for the reply. i did end up finding a 3.5 team that needed one guy. the only bad thing is its about 45 min away. my first match is tues and im looking forward to it.
Outstanding - You will have fun. Hope the folks on your team are as cool as the folks that I play with.
i was playing doubles and lost to some guys who could barely walk. as my college coach would say, im just a mental mess. im a little frustrated. its funny im a 4.0 player during practice, but in a match situation im a 3.0. im just gonna try to work on my mental game. im currently reading inner game of tennis by tim gallway how's your league going?
my local season is over - see the post below about the USTA season winding down for a more detailed description of how i fared.
Andrew, my friends and I live in Queens and play in Nassau county. You're welcome to join us anytime.


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Bug Chasing - Cruising For AIDS
Bisexual Jeff
Dark Fantasy,
Author's infos
Gender: male Age: N/A Location: N/A
Posted Mon 31st of October 2011
It was hard for me, at first, to understand why I felt this way. I loved the way I craved bareback cock in my faggot asshole, I loved how much I wanted every cock that fucked my gay pussy to empty load upon load of hot, gooey, molten cum deep inside my throbbing and aching man pussy. But wait, that wasn't what I was having trouble understanding.
What happened was, as I began my cock-riding career back at the tender age of 14, it was the early 70's, still some of that free love, drugs, sex and all that still wafted around in the air from time to time.
The last thing any of us did was worry about protection. I had a pretty exclusive list of guys I let fuck me at that age. The guy who first fucked me, Wayne, then Art and Danny, and a guy named Robert, which was a little weird because that is my father's name. That was about it until I got into high school. So we all barebacked together and never used condoms.
Then when AIDS and HIV came along, that kind of put the damper on the free love and sex stuff, for a lot of people, but not all. See, even when in the mid/late 80's when it was so heavily aimed at us gays, I was still barebacking! I hadn't used a condom and didn't want to start either. If I wanted latex in me I'd use my dildo!
It helped that I was a very cute, boy next-door look to me and that turned on guys to no end! Even at 18 and 19, I looked 14 or 15, guys like the young looking but legal to fuck twinks like me. I like being flat chested, no real muscles on my pecs but I feel like I have tits when I'm on all fours getting fucked, my little fag boobies swinging in the air. Guys just wanted to fuck me and some guys wanted me to fuck some of their friends, that was where I really felt at home…a bunch of guys, hard cocks, anonymous sex, all bareback, all loads deep in my asshole! That's what I do, I'll ride any cock that wants to fuck me, and I mean, ANY, cock.
I've fucked straight, bi, gay dudes, (when I say fuck, I mean me getting fucked), by every race, I love black cock! (and they're one of the highest risk factors for having AIDS), I love cum in me and how it feels shooting out of a twitching cock and balls that are emptying their payload deep inside my cunt hole.
I've cruised for cock and cum everywhere! Some of the more successful hook up places I've found over the years are the usual rest areas, truck stops are good places to find cock, the adult book stores, with arcades/peep shows. I like serving glory holes, for true anonymous bareback sex. I just love feeling those cum-filled cocks throbbing and twitching as they empty their cum, and who knows what else, deep inside my asshole.
I love the quick, behind the truck, just unbutton my pants, slide them down just enough to expose my rosebud for entry and take a cock until they unload kind of scenarios. I like it raw, I like it dry, work that cock into my hole dry, maybe a little spit if the cock is super big, but I like the unplanned, I'm going in dry like it or not. Plus it stretches the skin around my asshole more. With lube, it all slides in and out nice and easy; but dry, that sphincter skin gets stretched out really quick and it will usually tear a little bit and maybe bleed some. This is good because when his cock empties inside my hole, his DNA will infect me directly into the blood stream, quicker seroconversion.
Sure, I've thought about AIDS, I mean, I know how you get it, I'm not ignorant, I mean, geez, I've got a 166 IQ and I love the risk of bareback sex and the possibility of getting AIDS!
It was a gradual process for me. The natural bareback sex was great, most guys honestly don't want to use condoms, and realistically, the majority of risk is assumed by the bottom, the one receiving the cum. It is much more difficult for a poz bottom to infect a neg top than the other way around.
So I was taking all the risk, the one taking all the hot, yummy cum in my asshole. I was probably 30 years old when I started seriously looking to get diseases, and the big POZ! It was always a risk, you had a 50/50 chance, they either had it or not, but it was such a huge risk that it became a turn on, not knowing. And the fact that I was into anonymous sex made the mention of having an STD nearly meaningless. Everyone says they're clean, but who knows? You take a poz cock in your asshole and say you test in a month or two, you could come back neg still, there are so many variables, so many ways you could've been infected and you say because you got a neg test back that you're clean. You could test poz in a couple more months or whenever and already be spreading HIV/AIDS! So all the haters out there going on about how sick people like me are, at least I'm up front about it and don't skirt the issue!
Now I'll tell ya. Without being too bold, I do have a nice ass and everyone wants to fuck it, and I realize now that way back when, I would be actively bug chasing and looking for AIDS and guys would come up to me at parties or sex clubs when I asked them if they were poz, they knew I was chasing and of course said yes so they could fuck me. If all the loads I took that were supposedly poz were really poz, I'd have died years ago! So many guys lie about having AIDS just so they can fuck you. I mean, I have to fuck them, just in case they do have AIDS they will infect me. But I've never tested poz after all the cock and DNA-filled cum that's been shot into my fag hole, it's weird, if I hadn't been chasing I'd probably have gotten AIDS right off; now that I've been chasing all these years and had only neg results, seems like no one is seeding or gifting.
The why??? Well, who wouldn't ask that. And for the most part, it's simple. I'm never going to use condoms, I don't care what disease is out there!!! Plain and simple, I'm a barebacker for life, however long that may be. Every cock that pierces my asshole cums in me, if possible, and I work my faggot ass hard to milk every drop of cum from my lover's cock. The odds are that one of those beautiful cocks is going to have AIDS, and per my bareback rule, will infect me with AIDS sooner or later. So why not enjoy it? Seek it out, steer towards it and see what happens?
I have so many fantasies about how I get AIDS. From the simple one cock stealth, they fuck me raw and cum in me and as they dress and leave, me laying in a puddle of cum, they tell me they have AIDS as they walk out the door, that is a good, basic turn on for me.
Then I have the rape fantasy. I want to be walking down a dark alley, late at night, dirty, wet, smelly, homeless guys, and a gang of black thugs that rape my asshole and (sorry, this isn't meant to be racist in any way, just my sick fantasy) but I want all of the black guys to have really toxic AIDS and all of them to take turns raping me over and over, dumping every drop of their AIDS infected cum deep inside my greedy fag hole.
I also have one where I'm riding the biggest cock ever, like a foot long, thick and fat, full of cum. I'm getting fucked six ways to Sunday, all over, doggy style, missionary, me on top, on our sides, picking me up and fucking me while holding me, just every fucking thing you can do, and hard, rough and nasty. I love being degraded and called names!
So he's fucked me up and down and 20 seconds before he shoots his load, he's behind me doggy, holding my hips and pulling me hard onto his cock, he says he's getting ready to shoot and I tell him to empty his load deep in me. He pumps me a few more times and says, "Oh, I forgot to tell you…..I have AIDS!" and I'm all in the groove, taking his massive cock balls deep, precum oozing all around my hole, and he tells me he's got AIDS in the middle of such a good fuck.
What do you do? Jump off? I mean, his cum had to get inside a little, so what the fuck? Give up a huge cock and still get AIDS? Go for it! I plunge back on his cock harder than before as I feel his cock twitch and he moans, "Aah! Yeah, gonna cum! Gonna fill you up with AIDS faggot!" and I just slam back harder and harder onto his cock and when his toxic load of AIDS finally erupts deep inside me, I can feel it spray my insides, and it makes me quiver and I push back hard to take him all the way in as he empties his cum deep inside me.
I have another one where I go to the baths, the mega-plex in Providence, Rhode Island, a gay sex club. It's my first time and I go inside, get a room, it's early, I throw my keys and shit in a locker and get ready to get fucked!
The baths are a notorious breeding and seeding ground for AIDS transmission, or conversion, or seroconversion, however you want to put it. I subscribe to poz websites for guys who want to spread AIDS and guys who want to get it, and they have ads where guys say they have AIDS and are going to the baths at such and such a time. So I read on there where four guys were going to poz all the neg holes who wanted AIDS. I decided this was my night. I was in my room, kept it dark, anonymous. I wanted to be ready for the four poz cocks if they all showed up.
For an appetizer, a few guys come in my room, ask what I want and when I say anything, they mount up, pump my hole, cum deep inside me and leave my room! How perfect is that?!
The first of the four poz cocks comes in my room, we're alone, he jabs a couple of fingers up my asshole, it's loose, it's wet with cum and ready for more. He moans, strokes his cock, "You want a charged load?" he asks. This is a thinly veiled question of asking if you want AIDS. I say yes, he pushes the head of his huge cock against my hole, no lube, no spit, just the cum from earlier, and slams into my aching fag pussy. Part of me wants to know how I'd be during a fuck session knowing up front the cock has AIDS, not just right before he blows, you know? I think it could be a huge rush, especially if I was high, which I almost always am, knowing each thrust is coming from a poz cock that is going to infect me with AIDS, wow! Fucking what a turn on! Shit, I'm hard sitting here typing this!
I just can't conceive of the idea of not having contracted AIDS by the time I was 45! I thought for sure I'd have caught the bug by now…as many cocks and loads that have been pumped into my hole, geez, I've only had a handful of things, herpes, the clap, syphilis and some other shit, but never been legitimately pozzed. We'll see what happens…
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The Phoenix endorses Patrick Lynch.
Stenhouse for secretary of stateSUSAN STENHOUSE of Warwick and A. Ralph Mollis of North Providence, the respective Republican and Democratic candidates in this race, each have the capability to be a good secretary of state.
To their credit, the opponents have run a civil campaign, with a focus on their ideas, and either could be expected to foster a return to the roots for the office, which has functioned more recently as a would-be springboard for higher office.
Mollis, the longtime mayor of North Providence, brings more government experience to the table than Stenhouse, a Warwick city councilor who works as Governor Carcieri's deputy director of community affairs. Each candidate is bright and articulate. The Phoenix is endorsing Stenhouse because of her greater distance from the political status quo.
Caprio for general treasurer State Senator FRANK CAPRIO of Providence has the intelligence, energy, and financial acumen to do a strong job as Rhode Island's next general treasurer. The Phoenix endorses Frank Caprio.
Although handicapped by a late start, Andrew Lyon, Caprio's Republican challenger, seems bright and articulate, and we hope that he remains involved on the political scene.
Cicilline for mayor of Providence
Yet Mayor DAVID N. CICILLINE has largely pursued the course that he pledged to set when he ran in 2002, and he merits another term to build on the accomplishments of his first one. The city's development boom, although it presents its own challenges, represents a vote of confidence in Providence's future. Cicilline's other successes include delivering long-overdue reform in the police department and attracting an impressive school superintendent with a long-term commitment to the city.
The Phoenix endorses David N. Cicilline.
"Yes" on question 1 The issue of amending the state Constitution to allow for casino gambling in Rhode Island is an even more difficult choice than the one faced by voters in the race between Chafee and Whitehouse for the US Senate.
It's a vote on the future of how the state develops economically, and it's a vote on how the state will finance itself, because existing gambling receipts are now the state's third-largest source of revenue. We recognize that in contemplating the future there is always an element of uncertainty. But on balance, we favor the idea of casino gambling and we urge a "yes" vote.
Casino gambling offers Rhode Island a chance to bolster an already strong tourist economy and to save a sagging convention business. And those are tangible pluses to be weighed against the vague talk that this will be bad for the local economy.
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text: Hey guys....my buddy and I are doing a spring break midweek trip to the OP this coming week. Other than the Hoh above 101, I don't know the water very well. We will most likely be walking and wading, and dont mind long hikes. I am definately not asking for spots or anything, but general advice on what rivers or parts of rivers would suit us well. I do not nymph fish for steelhead, only swing, so rivers the size and character of the dickey and hoko seem like bad choices. With the expected rain, we were thinking the middle and upper queets system would be good unless the water gets too dirty. What do you guys think? Thanks in advance.


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The tiny orange band around his thin leg reads "B95," but lots of people call him Moonbird; he has flown more than 325,000 miles in his long lifetime, the distance to the moon and halfway back. He is a rufa red knot, a shorebird that migrates from the southern tip of Argentina to the northern reaches of Canada — and back again — every year. At 9000 miles each way, that's quite a commute.
Of the hundreds of red knots caught and "banded" on February 20, 1995, Moonbird is the only one whom scientists know is still alive (he was most recently sighted in May of this year). The typical life expectancy for this species of shorebird is approximately six years. At 20 (at least), Moonbird is unique. As Hoose writes, "Something about this bird was exceptional; he seemed to possess some extraordinary combination of physical toughness, navigational skill, judgement, and luck."
Moonbird is a study of biology and ecology (including short profiles of expert scientists based on Hoose's personal interviews), but it is also a well-spun tale. Hoose uses research and imagination to sketch B95's intrepid journey: "B95 lingers with the flock for several weeks in Lagoa do Peixe [Argentina], snatching up snails by day and dozing in the lagoon at night, moving around very little. He converts protein to fat until, by the first of May, he is chubby and restless and his hormones are telling him to fly again . . . His inner clock pushes him to get going."
So why should we care about this single bird, or his rufa red knot descendants? Because shorebird species — including the rufa — are in decline, no doubt due at least in part to the fact that their stopover sites, along the coastlines of two continents, "are being littered with trash, crowded with much bigger creatures and machines, raced over, dug up, polluted, poisoned, and otherwise degraded." The shorebird is something of an environmental indicator and if it dies off, it means we haven't taken good enough care of our coasts.
But there's more to it than that. Moonbird's story is inspiring, despite the fact that he is "just a bird." There are deeper lessons to learn from this supercreature.
"Each species with which we share the earth is a success story," writes Hoose, who has worked with the Canadian branch of the Nature Conservancy for years. "Each of our cohabitants has evolved an ingenious set of life strategies, and made them work. To live on an earth without fascinating, often beautiful creatures would be to live on a lesser earth. The trick is not to let them slip away, but to understand and help them on their terms."
Phillip Hoose MOONBIRD book launch | Thursday, September 27 @ 6 pm | Portland Public Library, 5 Monument Square, Portland | Free | portlandlibrary.com
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From | "Angelov, Rossen" <Rossen.Ange...@thomsonmedia.com> |
Subject | RE: Tomcat 5 out of memory |
Date | Thu, 08 Apr 2004 14:16:00 GMT |
Thanks a lot! I appreciate your help. Ross -----Original Message----- From: Shapira, Yoav [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com] Sent: Thursday, April 08, 2004 8:03 AM To: Tomcat Users List Subject: RE: Tomcat 5 out of memory Hi, Incremental GC has nothing to do with it. "Rebuilding the cache" (whatever that means) has nothing to do with it. This has been discussed numerous times in the past, and has to do with the permanent generation as you've surmised. See for example: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=tomcat-user&m=107590242329345&w=2 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=tomcat-user&m=107996450114197&w=2 http://nagoya.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=20758 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=tomcat-user&m=107048670308534&w=2 Ahh, I'm tired of searching. Yoav Shapira Millennium Research Informatics >-----Original Message----- >From: Angelov, Rossen [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com] >Sent: Wednesday, April 07, 2004 9:39 PM >To: 'Tomcat Users List' >Subject: RE: Tomcat 5 out of memory > >That sounds like a reasonable explanation. > >Then, the only solution I can see is to set the development environment not >a virtual server per developer but a Tomcat instance per person and if the >OutOfMemory error happens again, restarting that Tomcat instance won't >interfere with the rest of the developers' work. > >Do you by any chance have a link to that discussion you mentioned? >I searched the archive and found some opinions, the closest was this one >"...common classloader repositories (as well as shared and server) do not >get discarded on webapp reload. They can't, as that might destroy other >webapps." > >This probably raises the question in what cases the reload should be used. > >Thanks, >Ross > >-----Original Message----- >From: Parsons Technical Services [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com] >Sent: Wednesday, April 07, 2004 7:54 PM >To: Tomcat Users List >Subject: Re: Tomcat 5 out of memory > > >Ross, > >If my memory serves me right (which is rarely) there was a discussion on >the >list about this. I believe the comment was that during reloads there are >references to objects that don't get released when a context is undeployed. >The memory is lost until a restart. In production this should not be an >issue because of the infrequent occurrence of redeploys. > >Doug >www.parsonstechnical.com > >----- Original Message ----- >From: "Angelov, Rossen" <email@example.com> >To: "'Tomcat Users List'" <firstname.lastname@example.com> >Sent: Wednesday, April 07, 2004 7:13 PM >Subject: RE: Tomcat 5 out of memory > > >> I don't understand why rebuilding the cache would take more memory than >what >> was originally required. It just doesn't sound right or it is a memory >leak >> when you use the stop/start or reload options. >> >> Giving a higher priority to this process is not a very good option >because >> in our case it is a development UNIX server and there are database and >other >> peoples' processes running. >> >> Increasing the memory heap size will just slow down the occurrence of >that >> OutOfMemory error instead of preventing it. I'm actually looking for a >long >> term solution because it may be critical whether to use tomcat for >> production and live web servers. >> >> Thanks, >> Ross >> >> -----Original Message----- >> From: Nicholas Bernstein [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com] >> Sent: Wednesday, April 07, 2004 5:29 PM >> To: Tomcat Users List >> Subject: Re: Tomcat 5 out of memory >> >> >> rebuilding the cache, I would imagine. I'm not sure how you would reduce >> it though, it's "a good thing"(tm) -- really, it's reducing the memory >> usage by 2-3MB once the cache is rebuilt. >> >> This is just an (somewhat) educated guess, though. I suppose you could >> give it a higher priority so it could speed it up, and take up more >> resources, for a shorter period of time, or alternately, throw some >> hardware at it, and add some more memory. >> >> On Wed, 2004-04-07 at 15:17, Angelov, Rossen wrote: >> > Hi, >> > >> > We are having problems with Tomcat when restarting the virtual servers >or >> > the contexts - the memory usage goes up with about 2-3 MB per restart. >> > We have the following java options when starting Catalina: >> > -Xms128m -Xmx256m -verbose:gc >> > >> > Does anybody know what's causing such a behavior and how it can be >> limited? >> > >> > Thanks, >> > Ross >> > >> > "This communication is intended solely for the addressee and is >> > confidential and not for third party unauthorized distribution." >> -- >> +---------------------------------------------------------------+ >> | Nicholas Bernstein | email@example.com | >> | UNIX Systems Administrator | http://www.docmagic.com | >> | Document Systems Inc. | | >> | gpg: F706 8C4E 78FA DDDD 53A0 019F D983 FE28 2002 D1F3 | >> +---------------------------------------------------------------+ >> >> >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> To unsubscribe, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com >> For additional commands, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com >> >> "This communication is intended solely for the addressee and is >> confidential and not for third party unauthorized distribution." >> >> > > > >--------------------------------------------------------------------- >To unsubscribe, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com >For additional commands, e-mail: email@example.com > > >"This communication is intended solely for the addressee and is >confidential and not for third party unauthorized distribution." This e-mail, including any attachments, is a confidential business communication, and may contain information that is confidential, proprietary and/or privileged. This e-mail is intended only for the individual(s) to whom it is addressed, and may not be saved, copied, printed, disclosed or used by anyone else. If you are not the(an) intended recipient, please immediately delete this e-mail from your computer system and notify the sender. Thank you. --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: email@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com "This communication is intended solely for the addressee and is confidential and not for third party unauthorized distribution." | |
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Dr. Vitaly Shlez is an anesthesiologist in Bronx, who manages patient pain levels before, during, and after surgical procedures.
We invite you to write a review about your experience with Dr. Shlez.
Please Note: This link will direct you to a third-party website unaffiliated with MD.com (https://mychart.montefiore.org/MyChart/?utm_source=md.com&utm_medium=referral&utm_term=schedule+online), where you're able to request or schedule an appointment online with Dr. Vitaly Shlez.
(718) 780-7720
111 E 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467
111 E 210th Street, Mmc Faculty Practice, Bronx, NY 10467-2401
Dr. Vitaly Shlez graduated from Mount Sinai School Of Medicine Of City University Of New York in 1999.
Dr. Shlez has two offices in New York where he specializes in Anesthesiology.
Dr. Shlez works with one thousand doctors including Dr. David Hirsh and Dr. Anne Rohs.
As an anesthesiologist in Bronx, NY, Dr. Shlez ensures patients are free of pain before (pre-op), during, and after (post-op) a surgical procedure. By administering anesthesia, Dr. Shlez ensures that patients do not feel the pain of a surgical procedure.
Mount Sinai School Of Medicine Of City University Of New York
Please Note: The information displayed below is sourced from the 2014 Medicare Physician and Other Supplier National Provider Identifier (NPI) Aggregate Report. It's important to remember that the statistics below are not inclusive of all patients treated by Dr. Shlez, but only those who participate in Medicare.


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The Crazy Newshound has found a new Ravens article.
CBS Local
Baltimore Ravens grounds crew paints the town for playoffs
Baltimore Sun
Eric Evers, a member of the Baltimore Ravens grounds crew, calls it "the dance of the paint guns," and after five playoff appearances in a row, they've got the steps down pat. The crew, headed by Don Follett, spray-painted the team's helmet logo on the ...
Painting The Town Purple: Ravens Postseason Tradition Continues For 5th ...CBS Local
all 3 news articles »
Link to the full story.


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This report describes the historical weather record at the Hutchinson Municipal Airport (Hutchinson, Kansas, United States) during 2007. This station has records back to January 1948.
Hutchinson, Kansas has a humid continental climate with hot summers and no dry season. The area within 25 mi of this station is covered by grasslands (90%) and croplands (7%)
Daylight saving time (DST) was observed at Hutchinson, Kansas during 2007. There were two time changes during 2007:
2007 was not a leap year, so it has 365 days and no February 29th. The first leap year before 2007 was 2004 and the first after was 2008.
The summer and winter solstices and the spring and fall equinoxes mark the passing of the seasons. They fall on nearly the same day each year, with differences of a day or two depending on the year. In 2007 they occurred on:
Spring Equinox | Wednesday, 21 March 2007. |
Summer Solstice | Thursday, 21 June 2007. |
Fall Equinox | Sunday, 23 September 2007. |
Winter Solstice | Saturday, 22 December 2007. |
The hottest day of 2007 was August 7, with a high temperature of 103°F. For reference, on that day the average high temperature is 91°F and the high temperature exceeds 100°F only one day in ten. The hottest month of 2007 was August with an average daily high temperature of 94°F.
Relative to the average, the hottest day was November 19. The high temperature that day was 81°F, compared to the average of 54°F, a difference of 27°F. In relative terms the warmest month was March, with an average high temperature of 65°F, compared to an typical value of 58°F.
The longest warm spell was from August 2 to August 18, constituting 17 consecutive days with warmer than average high temperatures. The month of March had the largest fraction of warmer than average days with 77% days with higher than average high temperatures.
The coldest day of 2007 was February 15, with a low temperature of -3°F. For reference, on that day the average low temperature is 25°F and the low temperature drops below 13°F only one day in ten. The coldest month of 2007 was December with an average daily low temperature of 20°F.
Relative to the average, the coldest day was February 15. The low temperature that day was -3°F, compared to the average of 25°F, a difference of 28°F. In relative terms the coldest month was February, with an average low temperature of 21°F, compared to an typical value of 25°F.
The longest cold spell was from April 4 to April 20, constituting 17 consecutive days with cooler than average low temperatures. The month of November had the largest fraction of cooler than average days with 70% days with lower than average low temperatures.
The longest freezing spell was from January 12 to January 18, constituting 7 consecutive days with temperatures strictly below freezing.
The clearest month of 2007 was November, with 90% of days being more clear than cloudy. The longest spell of clear weather was from October 23 to November 12, constituting 21 consecutive days that were clearer than they were cloudy.
The cloudiest month of 2007 was May, with 42% of days being more cloudy than clear. The longest spell of cloudy weather was from May 1 to May 8, constituting 8 consecutive days that were cloudier than they were clear.
This station reports both the quantity of liquid precipitation and categorical observations of precipitation (e.g., moderate rain, or heavy snow). Both are subject to erroneous reports, but the former is particularly prone to false reports, especially ones indicating an excessive quantity of precipitation. Please bear this in mind when reading the extrema reported in this section.
The day with the largest quantity of precipitation was May 23. That day saw 6.555" of liquid (or liquid equivalent) precipitation, compared to a median value of 0.153". The month with the most precipitation was May, with 11.654", compared to a median value of 2.459".
As determined by quantitative measurements, the longest dry spell was from October 30 to November 24, constituting 26 consecutive days with no measured precipitation. The month with the largest fraction of dry days was November, with 97% of days reporting no measured precipitation at all.
The month with the largest fraction of days with at least some measured precipitation was March, with 42% of days reporting some measured precipitation.
This station reports when significant weather events (including precipitation) are visually observed at or near the station. Such events do not always correspond to measured quantities of liquid equivalent precipitation, such as when the event is near by not at the station, or in the case of solid precipitation that does not melt in the collection basin.
The day in 2007 with the most precipitation observations was April 13. There were 17 hourly weather reports that day (out of a maximum of 24) in which some form of precipitation was observated at or near the station. The month with the most precipitation observations was December, with 62 hourly present weather reports involving some form of precipitation.
As determined by the present weather reports, the longest dry spell was from October 18 to November 23, constituting 37 consecutive days with no observed precipitation. The month with the largest fraction of days without observed precipitation was November, with 97% of days reporting no observed precipitation at all.
The month with the largest fraction of days with at least some observed precipitation was June, with 47% of days reporting some observed precipitation.
In this section we consider only those weather reports that indicate liquid precipitation. For the purposes of this analysis, we include thunderstorms even though some thunderstorms are not accompanied by liquid precipitation.
The month of 2007 with the largest number of those reports was May, with a total of 57 reports. The day with the largest number of those reports was April 13, with a total of 16 reports.
This station reports when snow is observed falling but does not report the quantity of snow that has fallen or the depth of snow on the ground.
In this section we consider hourly weather reports that contain an observation of falling snow. These reports do not necessarily correspond to accumulation.
The first reported snow fall in 2007 was on November 23; the last was on April 13. The month of 2007 with the largest number of those reports was January, with a total of 43 reports. The day with the largest number of those reports was January 20, with a total of 15 reports.
Humidity is an important factor in determining how weather conditions feel to a person experiencing them. Hot and humid days feel even hotter than hot and dry days because the high level of water content in humid air discourages the evaporation of sweat from a person's skin.
When reading the graph below, keep in mind that the hottest part of the day tends to be the least humid, so the daily low (brown) traces are more relevant for understanding daytime comfort than the daily high (blue) traces, which typically occur during the night. Applying that observation, the least humid month of 2007 was November with an average daily low humidity of 32%, and the most humid month was December with an average daily low humidity of 63%.
But it is important to keep in mind that humidity does not tell the whole picture and the dew point is often a better measure of how comfortable a person will find a given set of weather conditions. Please see the next section for continued discussion of this point.
Dew point is the temperature below which water vapor will condense into liquid water. It is therefore also related to the rate of evaporation of liquid water. Since the evaporation of sweat is an important cooling mechanism for the human body, the dew point is an important measurement for understanding how dry, comfortable, or humid a given set of weather conditions will feel.
Generally speaking, dew points below 50°F will feel a bit dry to some people, but comfortable to people accustomed to dry conditions; dew points from 50°F to 68°F are fairly comfortable to most people, and dew points above 68°F are increasingly uncomfortable, becoming oppressive around 77°F.
To take some examples, and basing our categorization on the daily high dew point in 2007, January had 31 dry days, no comfortable days, and no humid days; April had 16 dry days, 14 comfortable days, and no humid days; July had no dry days, 7 comfortable days, and 24 humid days; and October had 14 dry days, 14 comfortable days, and 3 humid days.
The highest sustained wind speed was 37 mph, occurring on June 6; the highest daily mean wind speed was 21 mph (June 6); and the highest wind gust speed was 63 mph (March 12).
The windiest month was March, with an average wind speed of 11 mph. The least windy month was July, with an average wind speed of 7 mph.
Visibility is the maximum distance at which a given reference object or light can be clearly discerned. In the United States, visibilities that are greater than or equal to 10 miles are typically reported as 10 miles.
The day of 2007 with the lowest average visibility was February 12, with an average visibility of 1.2 mi. The month with the lowest average visibility was December, with an average visibility of 7.3 mi. With an average visibility of 9.7 mi, the month of October had the highest average visibility.
The cloud ceiling is the altitude of the lowest layer of clouds that are at categorized as broken (mostly cloudy) or overcast (cloudy). If no such cloud layer exists then the ceiling is unlimited and no value is reported.
The day of 2007 with the lowest average cloud ceiling was November 5, with an average cloud ceiling of 98'. The month with the lowest average cloud ceiling was December, with an average cloud ceiling of 2527'. The month of August has the highest average cloud ceiling, with an average cloud ceiling of 5600'.