text:
Dean Lueck, Jonathan Yoder
Fri, 07/22/2016
In this PERC Policy Series essay, Dean Lueck and Jonathan Yoder use economics to examine wildfire management and current wildfire policy debates.
Donald Leal
The Forest Service needs strong incentives to adhere to the bottom line. The right motivation could help create a profitable timber program.
Once considered America's "crown jewels," our national parks have become tarnished by monetary problems. Campgrounds are closed, buildings are in disrepair, roads are potholed and natural resources are degraded.
Lea-Rachel Kosnik, Roger Meiners
"Restoring Harmony in the Klamath Basin" explains how this conflict developed and offers a solution—markets in water. Written by Roger Meiners and Lea-Rachel Kosnik, this paper persuasively argues that clarification of property rights to water is fundamental to ending the crisis.
Andrew Morriss, Bruce Yandle, Lea-Rachel Kosnik
This paper discusses a new form of regulation. Rather than issuing rules, some government agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency, have started to file lawsuits.
Author Seth Norton shows that the impacts of rapid population growth are not as severe as most people believe. Even more important, he shows how changes in a country's legal system and economic framework can overcome the problems caused by population growth.
Roger Meiners, Andrew Morriss
Two PERC researchers, reviewing the history of the banned pesticide DDT, have concluded that violation of private property rights lies at the heart of the conflict over DDT.
Terry Anderson, J. Bishop Grewell
Bringing environmental issues into foreign policy-making and international law endangers trade, national sovereignty, and, ironically, long-term environmental improvement, according to two associates of the Political Economy Research Center (PERC).
Tim Fitzgerald
It's time to let federal agencies buy and sell land, says Tim Fitzgerald in a new PERC Policy Series paper. "Federal Land Exchanges: Let's End the Barter" offers a practical way to reform the costly and time-wasting federal land exchange process.
Holly Fretwell
A Summary
Private land trusts are proliferating around the nation as ways of preserving environmental values. So why not a federal land trust to manage the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument in southern Utah?


text:
I am writing a special letter of thanks to our local Girl Scout Troop 606, led by Tracey Reynolds and Danielle Davis. They recently did a drive for Carroll County Animal Support at Kathryn Winn and Cartmell Elementary schools.
They collected a total of 352 items to donate to our group for the homeless animals of Carroll County, which included food, toys, treats, sweaters, collars, leashes, litter and puppy pads.
If you currently subscribe or have subscribed in the past to the Carrollton Democrat, then simply find your account number on your mailing label and enter it below.
Click the question mark below to see where your account ID appears on your mailing label.
If you are new to the award winning Carrollton Democrat and wish to get a subscription or simply gain access to our online content then please enter your ZIP code below and continue to setup your account.
ZIP Code: | |

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Welcome to childrensbedshop.co.uk
There are many sites offering all kinds of furniture – The Childrens Bed Shop is one of only a few Childrens Bed Specialists in the UK, and as such we have a vast amount of knowledge in this field. So if you would like to talk to someone before buying please call (0191) 654 2030 between Monday and Friday, there is always someone on hand to help.
We sell a huge amount of Children's Mid Sleeper Beds, Children's High Sleeper Beds, Children's Bunk Beds and Children's Single Beds – all of our Kids Beds are sold at the best price in the UK with FREE DELIVERY to our distribution area.
You simply can't buy cheaper than the Childrens Bed Shop – however if you do manage to find your childs dream bed advertised for less – simply email us with the link and lets see how we can impress you! We have never lost a sale yet so why not give your child the Childrens Bed Shop Internet Challenge and put us to the test. Every purchase will be delivered by our carrier.
We really hope you enjoy shopping with the Childrens Bed Shop and if there is anything we can do to help improve your shopping experience please let us know.


text:
In it, but not of it. TPM DC
Take Back Our Rodeo Drive: Pat Boone Helps Launch 'Beverly Hills Tea Party' (VIDEOS)
Started by Beverly Hills resident Josephine Rescigno, who turned to Boone to help get the effort off of the ground, the Beverly Hills Tea Party site describes its mission statement: "The Beverly Hills Tea Party is an organization that believes in Fiscal Responsibility, Constitutionally Limited Government, and Free Markets."
And on Sunday, a few hundred locals turned up in Beverly Gardens Park to get our their message.
Adam Popescu of The Beverly Hills Courier reports that things kicked off with a little traditional music:
A marching band with drums, flutes and three-corner hats began the event with a Patrick Henry impersonator taking the stage and reciting an abridged version of the "give me liberty or give me death" speech made famous by Henry in 1775.
Boone, who emceed, called the event "not a Republican or a Democrat thing. This is a citizen thing."
He too added a little musical flavor, singing a song he said he wrote specifically for the event. In the lyrics, Boone refers to himself as "a rootin', tootin', flag-waving citizen" and says: "But I pray for our enemies, the Bible says I should. 'Cause if they mess with Uncle Sam they'll disappear for good."
Here's the video of Boone's opening remarks. His song starts at about 5:20:
Also in attendance was former Saturday Night Live comedian Victoria Jackson, who sang a song called "There's a Communist Living in the White House." The Los Angeles Times reports that In her own speech, Jackson said: "I don't know if you've noticed, but our government is trying to control everything, and I'm super mad!"
And few Tea Party rallies would be complete without a cameo from Big Government's Andrew Breitbart. "There is not a leader here; everybody came here on their volition," he told the crowd, adding that it's a "totally purist, people movement."
Some of the attendees also tried to combat the stereotype that Tea Partiers are racist, which, as we've reported, is a frequent topic of conversation at these rallies.
One man said: "As you can see, I'm black. I'm surrounded by a whole bunch of white people. I don't see any racists here. So all these allegations that the tea party groups are racist is a total lie." He later noted that its "unfortunate" that America "ended up getting a socialist, the most radical, liberal, socialist president and he happens to be black. And I'm ashamed of that."
Here's video of some of the attendees:


text:
Admiral Netsooj wrote:I think a point was made by Fanu that the reason spaceships act like Boats and cars, is that we, as a non spacefaring race for the most part, do not really know how spaceships actually would work, so we "Go with what you know" as i often say.
_zenn wrote:I think it's time we colinised the moon, build a huge base and miningoperations and from there head on further out... less resistance taking off, thus more efficient... than the next stop must be terraforming Mars.
Sir Michael Le Fanu wrote:He better do so, I will be disappointed if nothing goes through.
Actually, how can we be sure that there are no other materials on the moon? A mine is usually beneath the surface. And so therefore we on earth have no idea what is under the surface. For all we know, there could be diamond and gold, and other useful metals and minerals. For all we know, under the moons surface could be undiscovered chemical elements...
Ninja_Bait wrote:it will probably cost more than it will output.
Sir Michael Le Fanu wrote:Ninja_Bait wrote:it will probably cost more than it will output.
As do most things in this world. Having said that though, fuel efficiency pretty much pays for itself...
So do spaceships and fighters use a fuel of some sort, or is there like a solar panel mounted on the back?
And is there a star in range to get power from all the time?
Users browsing this forum: Yahoo [Bot] and 1 guest


text:
The veteran singer was suffering from heart ailments for the last few years
Zubaida Khanum, one of the most popular Pakistani singers passed away on October 19 following a heart attack. The 78-year-old was suffering from prolonged heart ailments for quite sometime. According to Dawn newspaper, Doctors at a Lahore hospital pronounced her dead after she was rushed there when her condition deteriorated.
The late singer was born in Amritsar in 1935 but migrated to Lahore after the partition. Khanum began her career as a playback singer in the Pakistani film industry in 1951 with the film Billo. Apart from singing, Zubaida Khanum also worked as in actor in a number of films but stopped performing after settling down.
One of her most remembered songs, Assan jaan ke meet liye ankh wey from Heer, continues to charm Punjabi music lovers even today.
Also read: Lata Mangeshkar to honour Amitabh Bachchan with Hridaynath Award


text:
The Billion Dollar Secret
The Zacks Rank Guide
to Trading Success
Knowledge is power. Learn how the Zacks Rank works and how it achieves its average gain of 26% per year. Your confidence will soar as well as your profits.
See how to apply the Zacks Rank in your own trading, and start beating the market on your next trade.
Education Videos
Zacks Style Score
With the Zacks Style Scores, picking the best Zacks Rank stocks just got easier and much more profitable.
Academic research has proven that stocks with the best growth, value, and momentum characteristics outperform the market. That is why we have assigned individual style scores of A, B, C, D, or F to each stock.
Investor Training
Learn how to use the Zacks Rank, a powerful trading advantage that will help you achieve success. With the step-by-step instructions in Zacks Method for Trading, you'll learn how to use the Zacks Rank to find stocks that outperform the market on your own. Since 1988, our proven Zacks Rank stock-rating system has nearly tripled the S&P 500 with an average gain of +26% per year.These returns cover a period from 1988-2015 and were examined and attested by an independent accounting firm.
Personal Investment Training
We now provide one-on-one mentoring to help you apply the full power of the Zacks Rank system toward high investment performance at a comfortable level of risk.
- Work with a Zacks Certified Investment Trainer
- Ideal for all skill levels
- Create a personalized trading plan
- Learn how to consistently beat the market and protect your portfolio
- Take advantage of proven strategies to gain confidence in your trading
Additional Resources
Top 5 Valuation Secrets
Apply the secrets of the Top 5 Valuation metrics in your own trading for the most profitable results. Take advantage of these amazing statistics and other strategies in the Research Wizard.


text:
- lists
- blocks
Common words appear frequently in written and spoken language across many genres from radio to academic journals.
Informal words should be reserved for casual, colloquial communication.
adj. depressed, sad
- down and out
- down in the dumps
- down in the mouth
- downbeat
- downcast
- downhearted
- dragged
- droopy
- funereal
- gloomy
adj. unfortunate, distressing
Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright © 2013 by the Philip Lief Group.
Cite This Source


text:
El Jeffe of Capital Chaos conducted an interview with Karl Sanders of South Carolina-based extreme technical death metallers NILE prior to the band's March 24 concert in San Francisco, California. You can now watch the chat below.
NILE has just finished touring the United States, with 28 shows supported by three of the best local bands in every market. NILE played two massive sets with music spanning their prolific, twenty-year career. "In order to commemorate our 20th year as a band," stated Sanders, "we want[ed] to bring NILE and all metal fans an evening of NILE music that spans our entire career and play two full sets with only a brief intermission. "After years of many package tours, the necessary set time restrictions have often meant that NILE's had to streamline our set. Fans didn't always get to hear the songs they came to hear. Thankfully, some of those classic NILE songs we have been itching to play for years now [got] a chance to be heard live." NILE's seventh full-length album, "At The Gate Of Sethu", sold 3,800 copies in the United States in its first week of release to debut at position No. 131 on The Billboard 200 chart. The CD landed at position No. 2 on the Top New Artist Albums (Heatseekers) chart, which lists the best-selling albums by new and developing artists, defined as those who have never appeared in the Top 100 of The Billboard 200.NILE Frontman Interviewed In San Francisco (Video)
To comment on a BLABBERMOUTH.NET story or review, you must be logged in to an active personal account on Facebook. Once you're logged in, you will be able to comment. User comments or postings do not reflect the viewpoint of BLABBERMOUTH.NET and BLABBERMOUTH.NET does not endorse, or guarantee the accuracy of, any user comment. To report spam or any abusive, obscene, defamatory, racist, homophobic or threatening comments, or anything that may violate any applicable laws, use the "Report to Facebook" and "Mark as spam" links that appears next to the comments themselves. To do so, click the downward arrow on the top-right corner of the Facebook comment (the arrow is invisible until you roll over it) and select the appropriate action. You can also send an e-mail to blabbermouthinbox(@)gmail.com with pertinent details. BLABBERMOUTH.NET reserves the right to "hide" comments that may be considered offensive, illegal or inappropriate and to "ban" users that violate the site's Terms Of Service. Hidden comments will still appear to the user and to the user's Facebook friends. If a new comment is published from a "banned" user or contains a blacklisted word, this comment will automatically have limited visibility (the "banned" user's comments will only be visible to the user and the user's Facebook friends).


text:
PwC's quarterly publication focuses on critical tax legislation and regulatory developments that may impact entertainment, media and communications companies.
From outdated intercarrier compensation rules to changes in the tax treatment of new infrastructure investment, the communications landscape may be in for significant changes that go right to the bottom line.
PwC offers a range of services designed to help communications providers with a comprehensive regulatory strategy. We also provide integrated regulatory and internal costing systems, performance measures, and litigation support for a wide range of regulatory investigations. Our areas of expertise:


text:
- lists
- blocks
Common words appear frequently in written and spoken language across many genres from radio to academic journals.
Informal words should be reserved for casual, colloquial communication.
More words related to faker
noun. imposter, copy
noun. person who pretends, is deceitful
noun. person pretending to be something else
noun. person who pretends to be an expert
Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright © 2013 by the Philip Lief Group.
Cite This Source


text:
The Ultimate Crosswords Omnibus #2 - Book
Product Information
Type | Cross Word Puzzles |
Dimensions | 11 1/3 in x 9 1/8 in x 7/8 in / 28.8 cm x 23.1 cm x 2.5 cm |
Product Description
Author: Mel Rosen
More than 190 crossword puzzles were taken from past issues of The Pen and Pencil Club published in the late '80s and early '90s. Since then, political and cultural landscapes have been completely redefined. Can you remember where you were and where the world was over a decade ago? Grab a pencil and test your knowledge.


text:
Title: | Ten Years: History and Principles of the Left Opposition |
Print source: |
Ten Years: History and Principles of the Left Opposition New York: Pioneer Publishers, 1933/11 |
Publication Info: | Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh, Digital Research Library 2010-06-07 |
Availability: | These pages may be freely searched and displayed. Permission must be received for subsequent distribution in print or electronically. |
Subject terms: | Socialist Workers Party |
URL: | http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/text-idx?idno=31735051655409;view=toc;c=amlefttxt |
Contents |


text:
The stunning Meon Valley with its green country side and quiet lanes provides the back drop for the Mega Meon sportive. The course winds its way through the Meon Valley up to Alton, crossing the hills of the South Downs. The Meon Valley during the summer months is one of the finest examples of English patchwork countryside. The route weaves its way through quiet roads with vibrant multi-coloured crop fields either side, before heading south and up the final climb. At the summit you will be rewarded with views of the Solent, Spinnaker Tower and the Isle of Wight. Simply Breath-taking! With 3 route options (102 miles, 72 miles and 44 miles), you can choose the amount of fun you can handle. All riders will receive well stocked feed stations and an extremely well signed course. So come on... Get Out & Ride. Difficulty Rating Epic U16: STD U16: Short U16: Click here for more information. Event entry fees cannot be refunded or transferred under any circumstances. Any queries will need to be forwarded to email@example.com Thank you. When you purchase this product you will be asked for additional details to complete your order: Rider Name, Emergency Contact Number, Mobile Telephone Number and Home Address. The Rider Name and Emergency Contact Number are required before you can check out. Please check this information carefully before submitting your order as mistakes cannot be rectified by Wiggle. Once your order has been processed by us you will receive a final email confirmation of the events you have booked and the rider info you have submitted along with a Unique ID for each rider for each event. Please print this email and bring it with you to the event as Proof of Entry. If you need to change any of your booking details afterwards please contact http://www.ukcyclingevents.co.uk/ and be ready to quote your Order Number and Unique ID. Please be aware that promotional vouchers and Gold/Platinum discounts cannot be applied when purchasing Wiggle Super Series Events.
Check stock and price


text:
Puppy: Chai
Friends: 3
Member Since: October 5, 2008
Chai is still teething so she bites a LOT shes a black whoodle (weaten Poodle) she is a big pain in the butt because she thinks she's a lap dog and she's really heavy OUCH!! but i still love her. :)


text:
2006-08-09 / Briefly Noted
Metro-North Continues Modernization of Harmon Shop Complex
Locomotive and coach car repairs to be upgraded
A huge, multi-phase project to modernize MTA MetroNorth Railroad's oldest and largest maintenance facility, the Croton-Harmon Shop, continues with the approval on July 26, 2006, of two contracts totaling $292 million.
The full version of this story is available only to subscribers. Subscribe now to access to full versions of news stories in our archive of over 12,000 stories going back to 1999.


text:
Industrie 30x60cm Glazed Porcelain Tile
Item Added to Cart
Loading Description..
Stores near you (change) :
Please select a product option to continue.
Stock availability is unavailable at this time. Please contact your local store or try again later.
Nearest with stock
more stores
Quick reserve
Reserve this product with Harvey Norman Online.
Delivery is not available for this product. Please order online and pick up in store.Per Square Metre
The Industrie Tile brings a bold, modern edge to any room in your home, giving you the on-trend look of exposed concrete in a smooth, refined tile, sure to enhance any space.
Key Features
- Inspired by the Industrial design trend, the Industrie tile is the perfect base for modern bathrooms.
- The Industrie tile's subtle variations capture the shifting tones of raw concrete.
- Made from glazed porcelain, the Industrie tile is available in a range of cool colours.
Categories | Floor Tiles |
Brand | GNS Ceramics |
Material | Porcelain |
Finish | Glazed |
Product Width (cm) | 30 |
Product Depth (cm) | 60 |
If you feel your product has failed a Consumer Guarantee (as defined by Australian Consumer Law) then don't worry you can easily return it to your local Harvey Norman store. We'll even pay for the postage if you live in an area where there is no store. Our returns policy covers any purchased item (conditions apply).
Either complete the details below or chat to a staff member online.


text:
Article, Collections and Site Search
Among the elaborate Victorian houses on Congress Street in Belfast, Maine, is a bed-and-breakfast called the Mad Captain's House. The name doesn't entirely spring from B & B whimsy but reflects a maritime disaster woven into the region's rich seafaring heritage. Capt. Edwin Horace Herriman, whose home it was, was master and part owner of the P. R. Hazeltine, launched on May 25, 1876. At 233...
All the places mentioned in this article lie within the boundaries of Waldo County in the region known as mid-coast Maine. For more information, plus listings of places to stay and eat and enjoy various diversions, go to www.waldocountymaine.com. Because this area is halfway between two of the state's most popular tourist centers—the classic seacoast town of Camden and Bar Harbor, on the...
Millions of people have seen the movie Patton, which begins with a view of the general standing before a giant American flag giving a speech to his troops. The actor George C. Scott gave a superb performance in this film; all who ever saw the general in action will agree that he came as close to being George S. Patton, Jr., as is humanly possible. The script for the movie speech itself was a...
Robert Hopkins was 15 years old when he first met Franklin D. Roosevelt, at the inauguration of New York's Triborough Bridge in 1936. His father, Harry Hopkins, ran the WPA, which had built the bridge. Of course Hopkins remained FDR 's close lieutenant throughout the war, and once, as a newly minted GI, Robert was able to return late to Fort Dix bearing this note:November 30,1941TO WHOM IT MAY...
World War II was ending with more of a whimper than a Waterloo for the Anglo-American forces in Europe. The Battle of Berlin was shaping up just 60 miles to the south of where I stood, but, by design, the American and British forces were to have no part in that carnage. I was unaware that Roosevelt and Churchill had ceded this piece of real estate to Stalin. What I did know was that I was a...
I had trained at Parris Island thinking, I was going to the Pacific to fight the Japanese or at the very least to photograph American troops fighting the Japanese. That whole time it had been drummed into us Marines how fiendish the Japanese were. We knew the story of the Bataan death march by then. We knew about the kamikaze pilots crashing into our ships. We knew the Japanese would never...
"It's ironic," said Irwin Smoler cheerfully of some long-ago acquaintance, "He joined the Navy, but he got killed anyway." Irwin Smoler (father of our contributing editor Fredric) was not in the Navy; he was in the infantry and survived the awful Ardennes fighting of late 1944.
My father was in the Navy. In fact, North Atlantic anti-submarine work could sometimes be not all that comfy, but...
It was not until 2004, 59 years after the end of the war, that a World War II memorial was dedicated in Washington, D.C. The eyewitness accounts of World War II are a different story. They began appearing while the war was going on, and as late as the 1990s they were still being written.
Some of their authors would never write again. Some would never write so well, and some would go on to...
On October 31, 1952, Halloween was just getting rolling in California when, half a world away on the South Pacific island of Elugelab, the firing circuits closed on Ivy-Mike, the first practical test of the prototype hydrogen bomb. Ghosts and goblins roamed the Berkeley streets as Dr. Edward Teller, the driving force behind the new weapon, sat quietly in a darkened basement, patiently scanning...
Hans Bethe (1906-2005) Physicist, Nobel laureate, head of the Theoretical Division at wartime Los Alamos. His solar research led to speculations on the feasibility of a hydrogen bomb. Haakon Chevalier (1901-1985) Professor of French literature at the University of California, Berkeley, Communist, and close friend of Oppenheimer. In 1942 Chevalier asked Oppenheimer to help transfer information...
America Unabridged: The Readers Respond America Unabridged: The Readers Respond America Unabridged: The Readers Respond America Unabridged: The Readers Respond America Unabridged: The Readers Respond America Unabridged: The Readers Respond America Unabridged: The Readers Respond America Unabridged: The Readers Respond America Unabridged: The Readers Respond Fortunes Good And Bad Gipp...
In the spring of 1952, I, like many college graduates that year, received an official government letter whose contents we knew before the envelope was opened. Army basic training followed, with daily, almost hourly, assurances that in a matter of months we would be holding Korean hilltop positions, where Old Joe Chink, as the Army then liked to term the enemy, was momentarily expected. There...
When Tony Vaccaro went to war with the 83rd Infantry Division, he carried, along with his rifle, an Argus C-3 camera, and from Normandy through the Bulge fighting to the Elbe and beyond he covered the fighting in which he was involved with intimacy and authority. Afterward he recorded the occupation of Germany in photos that became ever more powerful, revealing, humane, and assured. These have...
My thanks to the staff of American Heritage for your very special fiftieth anniversary issue with its guide to great books (November/December 2004). While one may quibble with some of the choices, overall the contributors were thoughtful and discriminating.
Using books as a theme to inform us about our past is a wonderful way to celebrate your golden anniversary. As Abraham Lincoln said in...
I very much enjoyed your fiftieth anniversary issue. Like any fan, I have my own additions to your all-time greatest team.
An Imperfect God , by Henry Wiencek (2003; Farrar, Straus and Giroux)
This is a brilliant, illuminating work wherein the reader discovers how George Washington's perceptions of slavery evolved over time much in the way Abraham Lincoln's did later. It...
To this reader there are a number of truly glaring omissions that most definitely should have been included in such a survey: COLONIAL ERA — American Colonies , by Alan Taylor (2001; Viking); BIOGRAPHIES— John Adams , by David McCullough (2001; Simon "&Schuster), Alexander Hamilton , by Ron Chernow (2004; Penguin), TR: The Last Romantic , by H. W. Brands (1997; Basic Books), Titan: The...
I was surprised and disappointed that Richard M. Ketchum's The Borrowed Years, 1938-1944: America on the Way to War was not included among the best books about the American experience. This fine work offers a detailed description of life in the United States during this period. It covers the Depression, events in Europe that affected the way we struggled between isolationism and our desire to...
Dining Out Guide to Wartime London Victory in Sight My V-J Day
In May of 1944 I was serving aboard a destroyer escort, accompanying convoys from the United States to England. On one trip I had an opportunity to visit London for a few days with two shipmates, a great adventure for us. A service organization provided us with a young English guide who took us on a walking tour of the historic sights. We asked her to recommend a restaurant for our evening meal...
The fighting on Okinawa was almost over. L Company, 32nd Regiment, 7th Infantry Division, was assigned the task of taking a grove of trees near the southern tip of the island, one of the last pockets of Japanese resistance. Our platoon leader was a former Marine who wanted the glory of reaching the ocean first. As we entered the trees, an American flamethrowing tank came up behind us; I suppose...
Every year in August, when newspapers and magazines run Alfred Eisenstaedt's famous photograph of that sailor and the girl in their passionate embrace, I remember my brush with history. I too 77 was in Times Square that day. But brush-off might be a better description of what happened to me. I spent the morning of August 14,1945, at a city swimming pool in the Bronx. The war seemed to be going...
2005_3_78 Not long ago "Readers' Album" received two remarkably similar submissions. from Pennsylvania Dorothy Hrtyanski wrote about this grassy suburban scene: "It was May 1945 and V-E Day. My older brother Jack, my cousin Donna, and I [at right] knew we had to celebrate this special day, so we decided to parade around the neighborhood. Mother took our picture before we started out and told us...
The issue with the best books on American history is terrific. As reference librarian at a college in Montreal, Canada, I have found it a very useful collection-assessment tool for looking at our American history books. Many thanks. But I do think it unfortunate that there is not a section on American Indians. There are a few books on Indians in the entry on the West, though not too many. It...
I know you'll receive thousands of caveats about the "10 Best Historical Novels." The greatest American historical novel is Drums Along the Mohawk , by Walter D. Edmonds (1936; Little, Brown and Company). It is so intense I don't think I could reread it. Erie Water and Rome Haul by Edmonds, making a Mohawk Valley trilogy, are also absolutely first-rate.
I'm sorry Kevin Baker overlooked Oscar Handlin's The Uprooted in his collection of great books on the subject of immigration. This easy-to-read book not only turned me on to our history but gave me a new respect for my parents, who came to this country in the 192Os. And it seems to do the same to everyone else who takes my advice to read it.
A definitive guide to the greatest books about our past without mentioning the Dutch possession of New York? How about The Island at the Center of the World , by Russell Shorto. Better still, A Sweet and Alien Land , by Henri and Barbara Van der Zee, which even Shorto didn't mention.
Your issue was an excellent and very comprehensive summary—except for the fact that there was no mention of the medium that shaped generations from 1925 to 1965, radio. This is easily rectified. John Dunning's On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio , published in 1998 by Oxford University Press in New York, is a stunning work of history that deserved a Pulitzer Prize. Dunning is a...
I especially enjoyed your column "History Now: Who Invented the Fortune Cookie?" (February/March 2005). In the spring of 1972 my parents and I went to a local Chinese restaurant in North Leominster, Massachusetts. My fortune that night read, "The position you desire will soon be yours." I was a 26-year-old college senior and Marine Vietnam vet, and I was seeking a job that everyone considered a...
I must take issue with the writer Ray Robinson's categorizing George Gipp as an "overrated" college football star ("Overrated...
On June 17 President Herbert Hoover signed a law that was meant to avoid a nationwide depression but instead created one. The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act boosted already high tariffs by 50 to 100 percent, to their highest levels in history, on virtually every American product that faced competition from abroad. Supporters confidently expected the act to fix the economic problems that had resulted...
50 Years Ago
July 11, 1955 The U.S. Air Force Academy begins classes with 306 cadets at Lowry Air Force Base, near Denver. It will later relocate to its present site in Colorado Springs.
June 11, 1905 The Pennsylvania Railroad announces a train that will travel between Chicago and New York in the unheard-of time of 18 hours. A week later the New York Central responds...
Wow! Stephen W. Sears's article on James Longstreet is so overdue ("General Longstreet and the Lost Cause," February/ March 2005). It is disturbing that the general's reputation was maliciously destroyed, seemingly with the blessing of historians who should have known better. Civil War history is very important to us as a warning about the pitfalls of pride and prejudice. Longstreet's bravery...
Kevin Baker's column "In the News: A Matter of State" (April/May 2005) shows the author was just another sour-grapes loser in the most recent election, and I am glad he's not holding his breath for an apology. I did have the privilege of being born in Massachusetts and had a wonderful education in the New Bedford schools, where I was made well aware of the history we native sons are proud to...
Kudos to Kevin Baker on his memorandum of sorts, "A Matter of State," in defense of his home. It is a little masterpiece of philosophical eloquence, with some simple beauty on the side.
I hope someone distributes and reads this exemplar of homespun common sense to a joint session of Congress, especially around any election time.
Thank you, Mr. Baker.
Wall Street, the world's greatest capital market, is inevitably a mirror to the global economy. What happens in the world is quickly reflected in Wall Street as market forces and new technology cause old industries to fade and new ones to rise. And nothing illustrates better just how much the economy has changed in the last half-century than what's happened to...
Years ago I acquired a wonderful piece of memorabilia, an invitation to the September 26, 1934, launch of a ship known as No. 534, with Their Majesties King George V and Queen Mary in attendance. The vessel's name was a closely guarded secret until the Queen smashed a wine bottle against its hull, thus christening the Queen Mary . I was decades late for that ceremony...
Contact Cunard ( www.cunard.com ) or your travel agent to see what's on the schedule, from the 6-day Atlantic crossing to a 38-day passage around Cape Horn. Know that however long your voyage, you will not be bored. Not only does the ship itself reward days of exploration, but there is a full program of activities, entertainment high and low, movies, fitness classes, a wonderfully well-stocked...
Jump in Your Car and Come as You Are Screenings What Happened at Fort Pillow?
For those of you who think the drive-in movie theater is a thing of the past, we have good news. There are still more than 400 drive-ins operating today (40 of them have been built or reopened in the last five years), and most are showing first-run films. (See drive-ins.com for a searchable list.) Even though this is significantly fewer locations than were...
Nathan Ward says in his essay on Brooklyn in this issue that one in seven American families has its roots in that borough's soil. This sort of claim is a fact-checker's nightmare, but nobody can deny the powerful hold Brooklyn has on the national imagination.
It colonized mine in a curious way long before I ever set foot there. I became obsessed with Coney...
So far it's been a good century for Dashiell Hammett. Last year saw the seventy-fifth anniversary of the publication of his first novel, Red Harvest , and this year is the seventy-fifth anniversary of his most famous and best-selling book, The Maltese Falcon . Vintage Books celebrated with new editions of all of Hammett's titles, including a previously...
Andrew Ward, a frequent contributor to these pages, has just completed River Run Red: The Fort Pillow Massacre in the American Civil War (Viking). The editors asked him why he had chosen to spend years studying this very grim subject. On April 12, 1864, about 40 miles up the mississippi from Memphis, Confederate cavalry under the audacious command of Nathan Bedford Forrest overran a vastly...
Even if they've never set foot on this area of 81 square miles at the southwestern tip of Long Island, most people have a vivid picture of Brooklyn—gained from gangster movies or postcards of its bridges or of Coney Island, songs ("Give Me the Moon Over Brooklyn"), countless immigrant novels or Jackie Gleason's bellowing, ever-dreaming bus driver in "The Honeymooners." The gabby streetwise...
At the Red Hook end of the waterfront, David Sharps has seen the death and slow rebirth of Brooklyn's waterfront firsthand from his railroad barge and waterfront museum. His floating museum—a lovingly restored 91-year-old lighter—is currently moored at the mouth of Red Hook's Erie Basin, an area once, as the 1939 WPA Guide to New York City put it, the "busiest...
Brooklyn loyalists maintain that the hot dog was born on Coney Island, the invention of a German immigrant named Charles Feltman. What is beyond dispute is that Feltman built a compact little empire of rides and beer gardens and clam bars, all based on the hot dog he sold for a dime, and that one of his roll slicers, Nathan Handwerker, left him...
The advertisements in the original souvenir program ran the gamut from pianos and diamonds to accident-insurance, carriages, and a Seminole Indian potion to cure catarrh, eczema, and cancer. The common denominator: the opportunity to reach the vast numbers and wide variety of patrons paying 50 cents each, 14 hours a day, seven days a week, to throng a newly opened attraction on Tremont Street in...
Where have all the Civil War cycloramas gone? Most burned up in fires, suffered irreparable water damage during prolonged storage, were discarded by their exhibitors, or just vanished from history once the vogue for these giant attractions faded.
The notable exception is the Battle of Atlanta Cyclorama , created in Milwaukee by William Wehner and the...
As a Park Ranger at the Gettysburg National Military Park for the past 20 years, Eric Campbell has given plenty of battlefield tours: "I always had to say, 'See those trees over there? They were not there during the time of the battle. So imagine this area being wide open.'"
Now 576 acres of trees the combatants would not have seen...
Not only tourists and battlefield aficionados but also the leading scholars of the Civil War have found inspiration in the Gettysburg Cyclorama. A new survey of prominent military historians shows some disagreement about how the painting should be displayed—but unanimity about its value to America's past and future.
Gary W. Gallagher
The Gettysburg Cyclorama, when fully...
On November 1, 2003, I flew to Los Angeles to attend a support rally for the second incarnation of an American legend. Defunct since 1953, the fabled Indian Motorcycle Company was kick-started back to life in 1999. But four years later it found itself, once again, on the verge of extinction. Organized by the Indian Riders Group, the $20 rally buy-in included T-shirt, rally pin, and a 12-mile ride...


text:
Alabama's debt to Charles Allen Cary may be measured in its abundant good health, due in part to his pioneer work in eradication of livestock diseases, establishing food inspection laws, and training veterinarians. Educated in his native state of Iowa and in Germany under some of Europe's leading scientists, he came to Alabama Polytechnic Institute (now Auburn University) in 1892 and spent the remainder of his life there.
Cary is best known for his fight to rid Alabama livestock of fever ticks. The battle was not only against the tick, but against the ignorance of men who would not accept scientific methods. He defeated the tick with dipping; ignorance he defeated with reason, or failing there, with court action. Brucellosis and tuberculosis testing were furthered by his research and practical applications. When farmers sought hog cholera serum at low prices, Cary used his influence to establish a plant at Auburn to make it. His Saturday clinics and summer institutes taught farmers about the prevention and treatment of diseases of animals. In 1896 he helped to establish at Montgomery the first meat inspection system in the United States, following that up with meat and milk inspection ordinances in all major Alabama cities. Through his efforts the first school of veterinary science in the South was established at Auburn and he served as dean of that school for 28 years.
As state veterinarian and a tireless worker in state and national organizations, Dr. Cary did more for Alabama livestock production and for the protection of the purity of food products than any other man of his time. His monument is the veterinary science building on the campus at Auburn that bears his name.
Elected 1957
Created: 1/18/96


text:
NewPublicHealth Q&A: Raul Pino of the Hartford Department of Health
Jul 21, 2011, 1:30 PM, Posted by NewPublicHealth
Are you from a local health department? Please share stories from your departments here with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
NACCHO Annual 2011, the annual meeting of the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO), is being held in Hartford, Connecticut. NewPublicHealth spoke with Raul Pino, interim director of the Hartford Department of Health, about the conference and the state of public health in Connecticut.
NewPublicHealth: Is Hartford excited to host the NACCHO meeting?
Raul Pino: Oh, we are super excited. We are not used to this kind of attention and to have public health officials from all over the nation come to our city is a big event.
NPH: We interviewed Robert Pestronk, NACCHO's executive director, a couple of days ago, and he told us that Hartford is actually doing quite well – particularly in this era of budget cuts in public health departments. You've been able to announce some upcoming policies such as banning trans-fats and a restaurant scoring system. Given how difficult it is for so many health departments, how is it that you are achieving such successes and what lessons can other health department directors learn from you?
Raul Pino: We basically have involved politicians in the process and we show them how important health is for all aspects of life for our residents. We have also done a lot of work on the health disparities issues and access to health care. And actually, our budget may look flat in the sense that we did not get much of an increase from the year before but we added new positions to our staff – epidemiologists and public health nurses – which indicates what the priorities of our departments are. Even in these tough times, our city has a surplus.
NPH: What else have you done this year?
Raul Pino: For the first time, we have also engaged in a community assessment. We are doing one for health and we are doing one for behavioral health. We realized during the process of the community health assessment that… people tend to isolate mental health from general health which is, of course, a mistake. We worry that we may continue to make that mistake and we are now looking deeper into mental health issues and what the needs of our citizens are in that regard.
NPH: Is your community health needs assessment a part of the possibility of applying for public health accreditation?
Raul Pino: It wasn't really initiated with that intention. It was initiated by the hospital. Every two to three years, they have to fulfill a commitment with the IRS regarding their non-profit status. One of the requirements is that they have to demonstrate needs in the community for their existence and how they support and address those needs. So they came to us and in the process we realized that we would be able to use the opportunity as part of a first step toward health department accreditation.
NPH: So you'll be applying for accreditation?
Raul Pino: Yes. In September we will be applying for Public Health Accreditation.
NPH: What have you learned through the accreditation process?
Raul Pino: One thing we've learned is that disparities in the city are often based on neighborhoods. We have a general sense of what the needs are. But when you go into this process and you look at the health equity index, you realize that the standards are different from zip code to zip code depending on socio-economic status, access to transportation, or access to health and safe food.
NPH: What do you think will be the benefit of getting public health accreditation?
Raul Pino: The benefits will force us to develop standard operating procedures and to have all the institutional knowledge necessary. It will help us improve what we do. It will help transition us from where we are to higher standards of professionalism.
NPH: What else would you like NACCHO Annual attendees to know about the Hartford Department of Health?
Raul Pino: We have involved the community. We have conveyed our sense of commitment and we are here to help and to safeguard the health of our citizens. Instead of, 'this is what we are going to do for your safety' it's, 'what do you need us to do? What are the problems that we can address with the resources that we have?' And then we can prioritize based on that.
This commentary originally appeared on the RWJF New Public Health blog.


text:
The FCC yesteday effectively killed the Fairness Doctrine, which had been effectively deregulated since the Reagan Administration, along with about 80 other rules affecting broadcast communication that the Obama Administration considers "out of date." I believe this is a mistake. Mass media have evolved into multiple sources of media from a host of new satellite…
Tag Archive for Fox News
Vampires at Fox News?
by Dan Chmielewski •
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mg8aZpPBc84&feature=player_embedded[/youtube] It's season 4 of the hit HBO Series True Blood and last Sunday's episode had a fun dig at Fox News. Watch this YouTube link and listen as Stephen Moyer's "Bill Compton" talk about Vampire History and how they infiltrate systems of power. He cites the Catholic Church in the middle ages and Google…
Goodbye Glenn Beck
by Dan Chmielewski •
Today marks Glenn Beck's final show for Fox News. The weeping, conspiracy minded, and crazy over the top right wingers can comfort themselves that they still have Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity, Ann Coulter, Bill O'Reilly, Sarah Palin, and Michelle Malkin to draw on for future craziness.
Costa Mesa Mayor Pro Tem Righeimer Lies on Fox News about Pensions
by Chris Prevatt •
Mayor Pro Tem Jim Righeimer lied on national television Monday about the so called "need" to layoff 213 Costa Mesa city workers. Righeimer was interviewed on Fox News and was asked whether the decision to layoff employees was forced or a choice. He answered by claiming that the layoffs were necessary because the city pension liabilities awarded by previous contract agreements were unsustainable.
Rep. Royce Ties Arizona Shooting to Fairness Doctrine (huh?)
by Dan Chmielewski •
Fallout from the Arizona shooting continues to reverberate from Washington DC to Orange County. Last week, Irvine City Council member and 2010 Democratic congressional candidate Beth Krom weighed in with a letter to the editor in the OC Register calling the right wing media to task for elevating the rhetoric. Key points from Krom's letter:…
Voices From Street Corners (Vol.11)
by Mike Pouraryan •
Keith Olbermann Returns to Countdown; Maddow Defends
by Dan Chmielewski •
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6nZnMumCKXU[/youtube] MSNBC Countdown host Keith Olbermann returns from a short suspension after it was revealed he made personal political contriobutions to candidates this election cycle without the approval of his employers. This prior approval is how "Morning Joe" host Joe Scarborough was able to make political contributions to Republican candidates without being suspended. Faster than…


text:
Primary Session
Luke 13:1-9
Opening Prayer
Let us pray.
Merciful God,
Thank you for your kindness and mercy.
Help us to be kind and forgiving of others.
In the name of Jesus we pray.
Opening Life Reflection
On this third Sunday of Lent, we focus on the mercy and kindness of God. To begin today's session, invite the children to create prayer cards expressing thanks for God's mercy and forgiveness. Provide construction paper and markers and encourage the children to decorate the cards.
- How do you thank God for being merciful and kind?
- How do you ask God for forgiveness?
- Is God always forgiving?
- Why do we need forgiveness?
Allow time for discussion. During the season of Lent, we celebrate God's forgiveness. We remember that God is kind and merciful.
Listening to the Word of God
In today's Gospel Jesus tells a story about a fig tree. Listen to how the tree is given a second chance.
Read Luke 13:1-9.
Allow for silence.
Scripture Discussion Starters
- In the story that Jesus told, was there fruit on the fig tree?
- What did the man want to do to the tree?
- Why did the man give the fig tree another chance to bear fruit?
- Why did Jesus tell this story?
Scripture Background
Provide 2-3 minutes of background information on the readings.
In today's Gospel Jesus tells the parable of a fig tree. He tells this story to let people know that God is kind and merciful. In this gospel, a fig tree is given another chance to bear fruit. The fig tree story tells us that God is always willing to forgive us and give us another chance.
In the story of the fig tree Jesus stresses how important it is for us to return to the One who gives us life. Jesus calls us to repent and turn back to God. Today's Gospel offers encouragement. We are given another chance to bring about goodness.
Questions for Deeper Reflection
- Why does Jesus want us to know that God is kind and merciful?
- Do you think of God as being kind and forgiving?
- Why is it important to ask for forgiveness?
If you are not going to continue with the doctrinal discussion, proceed to the Gospel in Life.
Doctrinal Discussion Starters
"The Lord is kind and merciful." – God's nature revealed.
God is faithful and loving. The nature of God is revealed to us by God's actions throughout history. Jesus shows us that God is merciful and forgiving. Through his teaching and preaching, his life and death, Jesus points to a loving God who is always ready to forgive.
Catholics celebrate the loving kindness of God in the Introductory Rites of Mass. During the Penitential Rite we examine our lives in light of God's mercy and love. We are given a chance to start new and turn back to God who patiently awaits our return.
- Where do you find the loving kindness of God?
- How can you show others the kindness of God?
- When do you ask for forgiveness?
The Gospel in Life
Take home your prayer card and use it to pray and thank God during Lent.
Connecting to Faith First® Legacy Edition
At Home Family Guide, theme 21
Kindergarten, page 165 and chapter 23
Grade 1, page 255 parish and page 363 school, and chapter 21
Grade 2, page 255 parish and page 363 school, and chapter 231
Grade 3, page 255 parish and page 363 school
Blest Are We
Kindergarten, chapter 19
Grade 1, chapters 3,5
Grade 2, chapter 15
Grade 3, chapter 3


text:
Hello, how do I add snippets (mainly mod_rewrite equivalents for nginx) being a client of a site and not a server admin? is this not available? Thank you.
Is this for security ? It makes nginx much less attractive for what it's most usefull: shared hosting.
Yes, for security and ease of implementation. But it should be possible to extend this function so that clients can add snippets too. As the admin will see all snippets then, it might be a bit confusing for him so we might hav to limit that fnction in away that a admin does not see any user snippets.
It is important to note, that bad nginx directives or errors entered into options tab of a site, can and will crash a nginx server. So Nginx directives must be entered with care. I'm not sure I would ever feel comfortable with a client having the ability to enter them in.
Yes, I'm concerned with security too. Till: I guess admin can be limited to see only snippets created by himself. This will require an extra column for each snipped (owner/creator). Regarding stability problems, Is the issue worse with nginx than with the .htaccess tricks that can be done on apache? Rockdrala: I understand the snippet is limited to the virtualhost running the snippet. Could you make an example of a snippet that will break stuff outside of the virtualhost (i.e.... dos or resource of xss?) Thank you.
a wrong .htaccess file affects only the website were it is created while the custom directives affect the whole server. No, it is not limited to the vhost. Its the same as if you would enter a wrong configuration in the vhost file of apache. A single wrong line will bring down the whole server. Thats why the customdirectives fields are only availabe for the admin and not to the client. Tere is no corresponding functionality to a.htaccess file in nginx.
So, what would be the suggested scenario for using nginx with "untrusted" users? Would you suggest to have them open a support request with their snippet, then after evaluation by an admin get that snippet in the available snippets so that the client can add it to their nginx config? Or, perhaps a different road can be pursued: For example check if nginx parses the new snippet correctly and allow it only when no errors are thrown from it? Can you envision situations where a nginx parser will accept the snippet, but break other sites running in nginx?


text:
Posted on 11/07/2006 9:04:33 PM PST by paudio
We need to win both TN and MO to hold the senate... right? Hopefully Allen can still pull it off... Both TN and MO look good, although unfortunately MT doesn't...
I think Allen will sqeak through. Talent and Corker will both win.
but MD is looking like it might flip to the light side.
Webb just pulled 2000 votes ahead, which isnt all that big a margin
Virginia will go to recount.
We will still hold the Senate. Remember even when it is 50/50 the Vice President casts the breaking vote. Thus majority.
If allen loses, he has himself to thank.
They said that MO out standing votes are in democrate area!
JD Hayworth just LOST!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Anyone know if VA absentee ballots have been counted?
MO does not look good. there are big swaths from st louis and kc who havent reported yet. talent is up now but he is in trouble.
They're also going to have to count the absentees...we may not know until Thursday who wins.
We are likely to lose MO.
Only votes left to count are inner-city St. Louis and KC.
Republican insiders think it is lost.
Recount, LOTS of dem votes will probably be void.(dead people etc.)
No, the WaPO is what did him in. They have tried to bury him from the beginning. His missteps were nothing compared to the outrageous attacks perpetrated by that rag of a paper.
You still have absentee and provisional ballots to count in VA, I believe. Webb would have to be far more than 2000 votes ahead to truly call that race.
The real winners tonight are the left wing Main Stream Media. They will see this election as proof that they can manipulate voters and polls to their advantage. Look for 2008 to be even worse when it comes to their bias.
Looks like the senate's gone, too, and with it, any judges. Too bad I don't drink. This is really the night for it.
Does not look good for Talent! Very heavy Demacrat areas of Clay, Jackson and St. Louis county have not reported any numbers yet tonight. The Dems are strong there.
It will be longer than that.
Don't count on it.
The Dems need all three -- Missouri, Montana and Virginia. But, it doesn't look good in Missouri...
EVERY GOPer gets raked over the mud by the MSM. That's a given. THus, GOPers must run near flawless campaigns or have balls made of steel (Bush). Allen did not and has not.
Allen's gone already.
Uh oh... That's not good because Burns' numbers are even worse... He has 42% vs 56% now...
Burns is toast.
Have military votes been counted yet?
Really shows how misplaced Freeper faith can be - he was the preferred Freeper choice for 2008 for a stint.
Hell, it sure took them long enough to manufacture those votes in St Louis and K.C. I can't help but feel that my white, middle-class vote just doesn't count for much anymore...
LOL... well, life has its up and down. We're on the latter tonight...
I don't believe that the absentee ballots get counted until after everything else is counted...and only then if the number of absentees exceeds the winning margin. In this case I'm sure they'll be counted...hell they may determine the race.
I think I agree with you about the Senate. We just couldn't pull it out in the last few minutes.
Any ideas as to what did us in, given what appeared to be pretty good turn out? Of course...we'll be spending weeks discussing that, but what is your gut instinct right off the race?
Not mine, but before he showed himself the fool, he looked good on paper. I think he still might pull this out though, hopefully
The areas in VA that are reporting heavily Webb have a reputation for corruption. I don't trust the data, esp. given the fact that these precincts are reporting last. If you have only 2000 votes in your precinct, why would it take you 4 hours to count??? Oh, wait, this is the result of their educational system.
Can't help but wonder about the spin all month that Karl Rove supposedly was perfectly calm and confident yadda yadda and knows something we don't etc.
My prediction is that white votes will never again count. The "comprehensive" border control is in our future. We are just about to become the minority. But not to worry, the whole world is going brown.
I agree, this will prove to the MSM that they can swing an election anytime they want. The hit pieces by the post and the NY slimes will just get worse for 2008, and of course CNN will continue to show video clips of terrorist propaganda and specials like "broken government" everyday.
It looks like Talent is toast. :(
Oh, and Muslim too.
Unfortunately, Webb has won it. Very unlikely Allen can prevail. Hopefully Talent can hold his seat.
JOe Lieberman, this morning, contrary to what even dems who worked on his campaign say, said that he ran as an Independent and "I am going to be VERY Independent" - wouldn't it be a hoot if, in the near future, he flipped to pubbie?
The dems say "Joe doesn't hold a grudge. He's still very democrat." Well, he doens't have to hold a grudge to realize he was betrayed, kicked aside, etc. He also no longer owes them a dang thing. He doesn't have to kow tow to anyone.
In St. Louis City, the Sec'y of State website has a javascript error on the City precincts!!!.
In St. Louis County only 10% of precincts have reported.
Statewide Precincts Reporting 2278 of 3746. Talent leads by 72,xxx, but the late precincts range from 53% Dem to 80% Dem - all urban, liberal and ethnic.
We don't know ANYTHING yet.
You are correct.
Somber thoughts
Does this mean it does not look good?
Allen is still winning on this site:
" G F Allen Republican 1,141,753 49.44%
J H Webb Jr Democratic 1,139,885 49.36% "
I pray that you guys do not lose the senate too.
I feel really bad for Steele, I really wanted him to win. I wonder if the absentees are counted there yet? The remaining counties all look strongly democratic though.
I was never impressed with Allen, figuring he would peak as a Senator for life. Hope he hangs on.
My friends.....
I am totally BUMMED OUT right now and I think we need a collective Republican-Conservative-Patriotic American group hug.
Both houses may well go over to the dark side tonight.. the forces of appeasement, mediocrity and socialism have won a temporary victory tonight. And we need some major conservative mojo to get us thru the next two years and on to a reversal of fortune in '08.
I can count on one had the senators I am impressed with.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


text:
Battle of Yavin
< Battle of Yavin
this wiki
- "This will be a day long remembered. It has seen the end of Kenobi; it will soon see the end of the rebellion."
- ―Darth Vader to Grand Moff Tarkin before the battle
The Battle of Yavin was a major battle of the Galactic Civil War that led to the destruction of the first Death Star and Luke Skywalker's first step to becoming a fully-fledged Jedi. It was one of the Rebellion's first major victories.
- "Any attack made by the Rebels against this station would be a useless gesture, no matter what technical data they've obtained."
- ―Conan Motti
With the imminent completion of the Empire's Death Star, the Rebel Alliance anticipated a major Imperial offensive. To unify command and coordinate a defense, the Mon Calamari Star Cruiser Independence carried members of the Alliance High Command to their secret base on Yavin 4.[19] Upon arrival, the Independence sent Red, Gold and Blue Squadron to the Yavin Base. Their numbers were augmented by veteran pilots as the Alliance gathered its resources in preparation for the coming battle.[13]
The Rebels' Operation Skyhook[19] had resulted in the resistance movement obtaining a complete technical readout of the battle station. The plans were placed into the hands of Rebel leader Princess Leia Organa, but she was captured by Imperial forces over the planet Tatooine.[6]
The plans were brought to Yavin 4 after the crew and passengers of the Millennium Falcon successfully rescued Organa from the Death Star. To facilitate their escape, Jedi Master Obi-Wan Kenobi had confronted his former Padawan and Organa's father, Darth Vader, and sacrificed himself in the process.[6]
Around the time of the rescue, several pilots of Red Squadron were on a mission to Commenor to pick up astromech droids. They were successful, although the raid resulted in the death of Cesi Eirriss.[20]
However, as Organa suspected, the Empire allowed them to escape after planting a homing beacon aboard the Millennium Falcon, thus leading Imperial forces to the previously hidden main Rebel base on Yavin 4.[6] As the Rebel Alliance stationed at Yavin 4 lacked the amount of capital ships required to attack the battle station, the Alliance could not attempt to exploit the tactic of firing on the focusing crystals enough to misalign it, and the Death Star's defenses were also designed to repel that kind of assault anyway. In addition, as the Rebels had learned of the Death Star's arrival on short notice after recovering the full plans, they also were left with little time to plan an infiltration operation into the station to destroy it from within.[15]
Having received intelligence that the Rebels were on Yavin, an Imperial strike force arrived to verify the presence of the Rebel base; they successfully fought the defenders at the Massassi Arena.[1]
Studying the plans provided by Organa's astromech droid R2-D2, the Alliance learned that the station had a small exhaust port not protected by a particle shield through which a well-placed proton torpedo could reach the main reactor and destroy the station. The port was only two meters wide, however, and was situated in a narrow trench protected by turbolaser batteries. The trench would have to be navigated to allow the Rebel targeting system to lock on to the port, and perfect accuracy was required for the torpedo to enter the exhaust port. Under such conditions, there was little confidence that the weakness could be exploited.[6] Despite this uncertainty, Red and Gold Squadrons commenced the main trench run to target the exhaust port, while Blue and Green Squadrons attacked the superlaser in order to buy time for Red and Gold Squadrons. If Red and Gold Squadrons failed, at least Blue and Green squadrons might deal sufficient damage to the superlaser dish to keep the Empire from keeping the Death Star fully operational.[15] General Jan Dodonna briefed the strike pilots himself.[6]
That same day, Imperial commander Brenn Tantor saved the planet Sarapin from destabilization at the hands of the Rebel Alliance.[2] Also, Soontir Fel led a squadron of the 181st Imperial Fighter Wing in routing a squadron of Rebel Y-wings at Ord Biniir.[4]
- "Lock S-foils in attack position."
- ―Garven Dreis
The Death Star arrived in system escorted by a small support fleet consisting of the Nebulon-B frigate Divad and two CR90 corvettes BB 45 and SB 35. While the Death Star prepared to fire its main weapon, a communications satellite was deployed to coordinate defenses. The Rebels, still planning their attack, knew that any delay to the Death Star's approach could spell the difference between victory and defeat. Therefore they planned a small attack to destroy the communications satellite and disrupt operations. A trio of X-wings, including Keyan Farlander, and a pair of R-22 Spearheads were dispatched to destroy the comsat. While Farlander's wingmen held off Imperial fighters, Farlander ignored the threat and headed straight for the satellite, destroying it with a proton torpedo. The mission was a success, preventing the Empire from calling for reinforcements and disrupting their defenses, although two of the Rebel X-wings were shot down and the pilots had to be rescued later.[13] Other portions of the offensive fleet included two Victory II-class Star Destroyers and two Tartan-class patrol cruisers.[14] A large part of the Alliance Fleet, including MC80 Star Cruisers, Nebulon-B escort frigates, and other Rebel starfighters[17] destroyed those four Imperial starships, however, to allow the Rebel Alliance attack on the Death Star to proceed.[14]
Farlander was quickly dispatched again in one of two X-wings charged with clearing some of the defenses around the trench. They succeeded in destroying several laser batteries as well as some small surface hangars, limiting the Death Star's ability to launch fighters.[13] While Red and Gold Squadrons were focused on attacking the exhaust port, Blue and Green Squadrons were ordered to attack the superlaser itself, hoping that they could have some chance of damaging the weapon and if not, they could at least distract some Imperial forces from the exhaust port attack.[15]
Meanwhile, down on the ground X2, Shara, and other Rebel soldiers fought off Imperials attacking from space: Various TIE/sa bombers were deployed and doing bombing strafes around the base, and likewise a contingent of Stormtroopers also entered the Yavin 4 Base. X2, Shara, and various Rebel soldiers proceeded to enter the temple as well as avoid the various strafing runs of the TIE bombers. Thanks to the Stormtroopers, the base's anti-aircraft turret was also deactivated, forcing X2 to reactivate the turret's power station. After doing so and then preventing them from taking the Great Temple, Dodonna called X2 and Shara and informed them that Imperials had set up jamming systems that were interfering with the X-wing's engines. X2 and Shara located and destroyed the jamming devices. After fully clearing out the Imperials from the base, X2 then went into space to participate in the battle against the Death Star.[11]
The Trench RunEdit
- "We've analyzed their attack, sir, and there is a danger. Should I have your ship standing by?"
"Evacuate? In our moment of triumph? I think you overestimate their chances!" - ―Moradmin Bast and Wilhuff Tarkin
Following the preliminary attacks, a fleet of 22 X-wing, 8 Y-wing, and 2 R-22 Spearhead starfighters scrambled to assault the station. The Death Star attempted to use its batteries to defend itself, but the defenses were designed primarily to fight off capital ships, not the small and agile Rebel ships. The fighters destroyed several turrets and a rookie pilot known as Rookie One destroyed a giant ion cannon mounted on the Station, in order to set the stage for the main phase of the assault.[3]
Although they managed to infiltrate the Death Star's outer defenses, the Rebel Alliance pilots still needed to destroy the Death Star's ten deflector shield towers that protected the trench.[12]
The station commander, Grand Moff Wilhuff Tarkin, dismissed the attack as futile and refused to deploy the station's vast TIE squadrons. Tarkin also refused to evacuate when his chief, Moradmin Bast, attempted to warn him that the Rebels may have found a weak spot in the station. But Darth Vader, realizing the material threat, ordered his personal fighter squadron to scramble on his own authority. The TIE fighter squadron attacked the Rebel forces soon after they realized that their laser batteries were failing. An order was passed on, to stop all turbolasers from firing, letting the TIEs do the job, and to avoid the risk of Imperial fighters being shot down by friendly fire.[6] The Rebels engaged in duels with the starfighters, destroying several to clear the way to the trench.[12]
As the rest of the Rebel fighters engaged Vader's forces, three Y-wings from Gold Squadron began their attack run on the trench. They were followed by Vader in his TIE/Advanced and two TIE fighter escorts. Vader shot down Tiree (Gold Two) and Jon Vander (Gold Leader) in the trench, then shot down Davish Krail (Gold Five) as he attempted to escape.[6] Following the failure of Gold Squadron, the Rebel tacticians on Yavin 4 directed Red Leader to keep half of the group out of range, and Red Leader instructed Reds Two, Three and Five (Wedge Antilles, Biggs Darklighter, and Luke Skywalker, respectively) to hold back while he led the second trench run, flanked by Reds Ten and Twelve.
Red Squadron made a second bombing run, with Garven Dreis (Red Leader) making the attack itself, while Red Ten and Red Twelve attempted to hold off Vader and his fighters. While both his companions were shot down, Red Leader succeeded in making the run, but his proton torpedoes exploded on the exhaust port's surface, leaving a near miss and also killing some stormtroopers inside from the force of the explosion. The remaining X-Wings attempted to cover Red Leader on his exit from the trench, but Dreis, who had been hit and damaged while exiting the trench, ordered them to maintain their position and prepare for their run, just before being shot down by Vader.[6]
During the battle, Vader pursued the E-2T medical shuttle 5537, full of Imperial defectors led by TIE pilot Villian Dance, but the ongoing battle forced Vader to turn back.[10]
On the Death Star, an officer analyzed the Rebels' attack plan and realized there was actually a good chance they could destroy the reactor—and with it, the entire station. He alerted Tarkin and suggested they consider retreating or evacuation. Tarkin, however, believed the final victory for the Empire was in sight, and would not even consider pulling back.[21]
Skywalker was in the lead, while Darklighter and Antilles maintained a greater distance behind him in order to shield him from the Imperial fighters. The three pilots traversed the trench at full throttle in order to keep the TIEs away. Vader and his wingmen gave chase, and opened up on the X-Wings at long range. One of the wingmen's shots scored a minor hit on Wedge's X-Wing, damaging the engine array, and he was forced to abandon the trench run, unable to keep up with his wingmates. Vader instructed his wingmen to let him go and maintain their pursuit of Biggs and Luke. As they closed the distance, Biggs threw his X-Wing into a weave maneuver, erratically moving around both laterally and vertically, to deny his pursuers a clean shot at either his leader or himself. While this was successful against Vader's wingmen, the Dark Lord of the Sith anticipated his opponent's move through the Force and eventually got a clear shot at Biggs, killing Luke's childhood friend from Tatooine and leaving Luke without any assistance in the trench.
X2 also arrived at the Death Star at that point to aid Skywalker, and got himself within range of Darth Vader's TIE/Advanced to supply Skywalker with backup. Unfortunately, Vader anticipated X2's arrival and ordered all turbolaser turrets to fire on X2, forcing him to withdraw.[11] Vader and his wingmen then sped down the trench after Luke, as Luke neared the exhaust port. At this critical moment, Luke heard the voice of Obi-Wan Kenobi prompting him to deactivate his targeting computer. The Rebel technicians on Yavin 4 questioned this decision, but Luke reassured them that everything was all right. Vader gained a partial weapon lock on Skywalker's X-Wing, and took a potentially fatal shot. However, the blast only grazed R2, rendering him inoperative for the remainder of the mission but causing no apparent direct damage to Luke's fighter.[6]
In the Death Star's control room, master chief gunnery officer Tenn Graneet prepared to fire the Death Star's superlaser. With the Death Star primed to fire, he hesitated, feeling the guilt of the destruction of Alderaan. He called to standby as the others in the control room urged him to shoot.[10]
Vader, sensing that the last pilot, Skywalker, was strong in the Force, prepared to kill him (unaware at the time that Skywalker was his own son). However, at the last moment, Han Solo and Chewbacca in the Millennium Falcon surprised Darth Vader and, with a laser blast, destroyed one of his wingmen, Backstabber. In the confusion, the other wingman, Mithel, panicked and collided with Vader's fighter, sending himself crashing into the trench and Vader careening out of control into space. With the Force aiding him, Luke fired his torpedoes, both of which entered the port perfectly.[6] On the Death Star's bridge, Admiral Motti called out that torpedoes were in the main shaft and would hit the reactor.[10] The Death Star exploded just seconds before its main gun would have destroyed Yavin 4.[6] Grand Moff Tarkin and almost the battle station's entire crew were killed.[10] Vader himself managed to regain control of his fighter and fled the Yavin system with his life. The Rebel Alliance had won a spectacular victory. Because of these actions, Skywalker, Solo, and Chewbacca were awarded medals after the battle.[6]
- "Great shot, kid! That was one in a million!"
- ―Han Solo to Skywalker
Vader managed to make it to the nearby listening post on Vaal.[22] As a result of this battle, the Rebel Alliance gained instant credibility as a legitimate military opponent to the Empire. Between the effects of the battle and the dissolution of the Imperial Senate, thousands of star systems openly joined the Alliance in the months following the Death Star's destruction. As a result, the Empire began occupying worlds it had allowed to remain untouched earlier, both actions resulting in an escalation of the war.
The next day, Skywalker took his X-wing for a flight, and fought a TIE fighter survivor.[23]
Soon after the destruction, Imperial commander Brenn Tantor arrived with a strike force to rescue Colonel Maximilian Veers, whose shuttle had gotten caught in the crossfire. Tantor rescued Veers and destroyed a Rebel command center.[2] Several garrisons escaped the Death Star, and their escape pods crashed near the Rebel base. They were fought off before the Evacuation of Yavin.[24] Survivors from the 501st Legion also joined up with a Star Destroyer to launch a raid, which resulted in the death of three Bothan High Command leaders and the destruction of hundreds of Rebel ships.[18]
Darth Vader became obsessed with finding the pilot with the Force presence who had fired the conclusive shot[25] and led Death Squadron in his search.[15]
A few months after the Battle of Yavin, the Empire launched a number of raids at the Yavin moon. These raids were carried out by small TIE squadrons launched from a small base near the Yavin system. They often maintained reconnaissance patrols rather than retaliatory attacks. The Rebel Alliance eventually evacuated Yavin 4 to escape retaliation from the Imperial Navy and settled on Hoth.[7]
The last raid carried out by the Empire was a crushing assault consisting of a planetary blockade along with the remnants of the 501st Legion, TIE Fighters and AT-STs. General Jan Dodonna, mastermind of Yavin's defense, was not able to escape and was captured by Imperial forces and later imprisoned.[26]
The newly launched Imperial flagship, Executor, was dispatched to destroy the Rebel fleet. But Admiral Griff's squadron of Star Destroyers came out of lightspeed and collided with the Executor. By the time the crew regained control, the last Rebel ship jumped into hyperspace.[27]
Few Rebel pilots escaped with their lives from the battle, including Luke Skywalker, Wedge Antilles,[6] Rookie One, Ru Murleen, Merrick Simms, Jake Farrell,[3] Keyan Farlander, X2, and Shara.[11] The Red Squadron survivors continued to fight for the Rebellion and eventually grew into two groups, Renegade Flight and Rogue Flight.[15]
In honor of the battle, an Imperial vessel was eventually renamed upon its capture by the Rebel Alliance.
Some time after the battle, the run was ported into a simulation. One version allowed the pilot to fly with a new B-wing in order to compare its efficiency against the classic X-wing.
As a direct result of the conflict and the Rebel Alliance's victory, the Empire quickly increased mass production of the TIE/IN interceptor line, which had already been created as a direct result of the Lightspeed Panthers' destruction of 286 TIE/LN starfighters during the Fei Hu campaign a year earlier, eventually resulting in it becoming the Empire's primary starfighters by the time of 2 ABY,[15] as well as quickly increasing the development and mass production of the Executor-class Star Dreadnought line. In addition, thousands of cadets at the Imperial Academy ended up rapidly advancing into service as a direct result of the events at Yavin.[28]
Although the Death Star II was not planned as a direct result of the Death Star's destruction (as Emperor Palpatine had earlier ordered for the construction of it and reserved the Sanctuary pipeline hyperspace route to Endor for transporting construction materials, an order he ironically gave minutes before Luke delivered the deciding shot that resulted in the first Death Star's destruction[15]), its completion was nonetheless made more urgent as a direct result of the Rebel victory.
Calendrical impactEdit
25 years later, the New Republic Historical Council decided to set a new calendar. Some already used a calendar that set year 0 as the fall of Palpatine. However, due to the significance of the destruction of the Death Star, and its significance in the eventual overthrow of the Empire, the Council set year 0 as the year when the Battle of Yavin happened; therefore they established the BBY/ABY calendar.[29]
The Galactic Alliance, as the legal successor to the defunct New Republic, continued to use this calendar, but it is unknown what calendar was used by the Fel Empire or the new Sith Empire.
Rebel squadronsEdit
32 Rebel starfighters launched from Yavin 4. The whole fleet was composed of Red, Gold, Blue, and Green Squadrons. The known pilots assigned to them are:
- Red Squadron (12 T-65 X-wings):
- Red Leader - Garven Dreis†[6]
- Red Two - Wedge Antilles[6]
- Red Three - Biggs Darklighter†[6]
- Red Four - John D. Branon†[15]
- Red Five - Luke Skywalker[6]
- Red Six - Jek Tono Porkins†[6]
- Red Seven - Elyhek Rue†[15]
- Red Eight - Bren Quersey†[15]
- Red Nine - Nozzo Naytaan†[15]
- Red Ten - Theron Nett†[15]
- Red Eleven - Wenton Chan[30]†
- Red Twelve - Puck Naeco [15]†
- Gold Squadron (7 BTL Y-wings):
- Gold Leader - Jon Vander†[6]
- Gold Two - Tiree†[6]
- Gold Three - Ryle Torsyn†
- Gold Four - Lepira†
- Gold Five - Davish Krail†
- Gold Six - Hol Okand†
- Gold Seven - Keyan Farlander[31]
- Blue Squadron (6 T-65 X-wings)[16]
- Blue Leader - Merrick Simms (T-65 X-wing)[3]
- Blue Two - Ru Murleen (T-65 X-wing)[3]
- Blue Three - Rookie One (T-65 X-wing)[3]
- Blue Four - Thurlow Harris (T-65 X-wing)[3]
- Green Squadron
- Pilots unknown
- Other pilots (squadrons unknown):
- Hamo Blastwell (Survived,[32] but reported MIA)[13]
- Fin Danglot
- Jake Farrell (R-22 Spearhead)[3]
- Ernek Marskan
- Talos Merkin† [33]
- Samuel Raider
- Doyle Skims† (BTL Y-wing)[34]
- Milar Travis
- Shara[11]
- Millennium Falcon[6]
Imperial squadronEdit
Only a single elite squadron of TIE fighters was deployed. The members of the squadron were formed by, and under the direct command of, Darth Vader.
- Black Squadron (8 TIE/LN starfighers, 1 TIE Advanced x1):
- Darth Vader[6]
- Qorl[35]
- Black Two - "Mauler" Mithel†
- Black Three - "Backstabber"†
- Black Four - "Dark Curse"†
- Black Eight - unknown†
Casualties and survivorsEdit
Rebel AllianceEdit
- "Attacking that battle station ain't my idea of courage. It's more like suicide."
- ―Han Solo to Skywalker
The Alliance's desperate assault on the Death Star was successful, but costly.[6] Of the twelve members of Red Squadron,[source?] only two—Luke Skywalker and Wedge Antilles—survived the assault.[6] All members of Gold Squadron except Keyan Farlander reportedly died as well. A Rebel Sullustan named Dr'uun Unnh was killed on the ground by a TIE Fighter that crashed into the jungle during the battle; the TIE fighter pilot died.[36] Commander Hamo Blastwell was presumed dead by other pilots following the battle, but was officially listed as missing in action. Blastwell had in fact survived, as later reports placed him working as an undercover agent for the Alliance, posing as an Imperial officer.
A number of other Rebels stationed at Yavin 4 were either unable or unwilling to participate in the battle. Both Jal Te Gniev[25] and Derek Klivian were grounded due to illness.[37] Wes Janson would have joined the pilots at Yavin 4 some time before the battle, but stayed behind at his previous assignment due to illness. His replacement,[38] Jek Porkins, was killed in the battle.[6] Tyler Lucian fled Yavin 4 prior to the Death Star's impending arrival, fearing for his life.[7]
The EmpireEdit
- "When the Death Star was destroyed about half of the 501st legion were still in the hangar getting into their ships. Of those who made it out another third were caught in the explosion. I'd fought with some of those men for 20 years."
- ―Entry from the Journal of the 501st
All personnel on-board the Death Star were killed when the station exploded, including Tarkin, General Cassio Tagge, Admiral Conan Antonio Motti and other high ranking officers on Tarkin's staff. Over one million other officers, troops and staff were killed as well. Nearly all Imperial fighter pilots involved in the battle itself were killed.[source?] Exceptions included Darth Vader, whose fighter was sent hurtling off into space and eventually crashed into the planet Vaal,[6] and a TIE Fighter pilot named Qorl, who crashed on the surface of Yavin 4. Qorl would survive alone in the jungles for decades before being discovered by students from Luke Skywalker's Jedi Praxeum.[35] About half of the 501st Legion were still on-board the Death Star when it was destroyed. Another third were killed when their ships were destroyed by the explosion.[18]
Maximilian Veers was on his way to report to the Death Star for his new assignment when the battle began. His command shuttle was attacked and crash landed on Yavin 4. He was rescued by Imperial forces some time after the battle.[2] A small band of deserters escaped the Death Star shortly before it was destroyed. They included Villian Dance, Teela Kaarz, Celot Ratua Dil, Kornell Divini and Memah Roothes.[10]
Behind the scenesEdit
- "Congratulations, Lord Vader. The Rebels have been completely routed!"
"It is a great day for the Empire" - ―An Imperial and Darth Vader in the alternate history version of the Battle of Yavin in Star Wars: Rogue Squadron II: Rogue Leader
The battle is based heavily on the battle scenes in the British war film The Dam Busters.
The timeline of Star Wars fiction is most often based upon this event, where events are dated as happening so many years "before the Battle of Yavin" (BBY) or "after the Battle of Yavin" (ABY).
In the novelization of the film, Luke Skywalker's X-wing squadron is called "Blue Squadron," while the Y-wing squadron is called "Red Squadron." In the film, these colors are changed to Red and Gold, respectively. This change was necessitated because the blue paint on the X-wings had to be removed for blue-screen purposes.
The Farlander Papers reveals that Keyan Farlander is the pilot of the Y-wing fighter seen leaving the Death Star alongside Luke, Wedge and the Millennium Falcon.
The 1998 Star Wars Encyclopedia places Commander Arhul Narra and his Renegade Flight at the Battle of Yavin. Lucasfilm's Leland Chee has since confirmed this as an error on the StarWars.com forums.[39]
The battle (and alternative versions of it) has appeared so many times in Expanded Universe sources that have contributed many retcons and new elements, it seems that the events shown in the film are a very limited portion of the "full" battle. The movie describes the battle only from the point of view of some members of Red Squadron and Gold Squadron, only a fraction of the thirty ships mentioned and seen in the film.
The novelization of A New Hope also mentions two additional squadrons—Yellow and Green—providing cover to those we see in the film. Though these other squadrons are not seen in the film, the number of fighters shown does suggest more than two squadrons. In addition, A New Hope showed eight Y-wings participated in the battle, although a fact file released later claimed that it was actually seven.
The fourth squadron was referenced only in the novelization until 2008. Every squadron color in the novelization besides Green had been used in prior incarnations (assuming "Yellow" is a substitute for "Gold"), and in 2008, Green Squadron at Yavin was cited in The Complete Star Wars Encyclopedia.
In Star Wars Infinities: A New Hope, Luke Skywalker's proton torpedoes detonate prematurely and fail to destroy the Death Star. The Imperials send out a wing of TIE Fighters to pick off the remaining members of Red Squadron. Unable to fire a fully charged shot from the Death Star's superlaser, Grand Moff Tarkin orders the technicians to fire at reduced power, nearly leveling the Massassi Temple on the moon's surface.The Rebel forces attempt to flee the Yavin system. Once the power levels are stabilized Tarkin orders to fire again to destroy the planet. After that, the Rebel forces are captured by the Imperials. Luke, driven to near-insanity by the failure of the mission and the apparent destruction of Rebel base, turns his fighter to face the TIEs alone. Eventually, Han Solo convinces Luke to flee and the Millennium Falcon jumps into hyperspace with Luke's X-wing on its tail.
These sources also suggest that the Rebels had to pass through Imperial forces before reaching the Death Star. Star Wars: Rebel Assault showed the Death Star was orbited by a Star Destroyer from which a TIE Fighter wave was launched and a surface cannon had to be neutralized before the trench run. X-wing showed other Imperial vessels as well like the Divad.
A Blue Squadron at Yavin 4 is mentioned in X-Wing: The Official Strategy Guide. Blue Squadron actually appears in the game Rebel Assault, though the specific details from that game (such as the player's character from Blue destroying the Death Star) are not canonical. A character killed in that non-canon trench run, Thurlow Harris, was revealed to have survived the battle in the Star Wars Blog article "The Not-So Magnificent Seven." The main characters from Rebel Assault do appear in Star Wars: Rebel Assault II: The Hidden Empire, the storyline of which has been referred to in canon sources.
Though the film shows just three surviving fighters, X-wing and Star Wars: Rebel Assault both show others flying away from the exploding Death Star, while the novelization mentions that "several" X-wings and Y-wings escaped. On StarWars.com's Q&A pages, Stephen J. Sansweet says it's "pretty definite" that more ships survived and just aren't visible on screen.
A-wings are shown taking part in the Battle of Yavin in X-wing and Rebel Assault, though other sources indicate the fighters were introduced some time after the battle. The A-wings in these games have been retconned into R-22 Spearheads, a forerunner of the later vessel, only nicknamed "A-wing." Writers created the Spearhead to specifically resolve this discrepancy, and that of the A-wing's appearance in Star Wars Droids. Inside the Worlds of Star Wars shows an R-22 in the Rebel base shortly before the battle.
In the LEGO Star Wars and Star Wars: Rogue Squadron video games, many more TIE Fighters beyond Black Squadron are depicted, probably for a bigger challenge. In addition, with the latter game, the player also has the option of picking up the Advanced Shields tech upgrade during the portion where the player (or players, as was the case of Star Wars: Rogue Squadron III: Rebel Strike) has to fight various TIE squadrons. In Star Wars: Rogue Squadron, the battle serves as the game's second bonus mission, unlocked by earning all silver medals in the campaign or by using cheat codes. The player is tasked with chasing the Imperials down the trench and then destroying the power plant. In the mission, the trench is larger than depicted in the film and has four corners, and the exhaust port is guarded by large turbolaser towers.
In Star Wars: Rogue Squadron II: Rogue Leader, in addition to the standard Battle of Yavin, the game included a bonus mission called "Triumph of the Empire," which was the Battle of Yavin told from the view of the Galactic Empire. The player plays as Darth Vader in his TIE Advanced x1. At the end of the mission, the player is treated to a short video of the last three X-wings getting shot down, with Vader proclaiming it is a great day for the Empire. As the point of the mission is to stop the Rebel forces from destroying the Death Star, the trench portion of the mission's conclusion is non-canon. The bonus mission is likewise omitted from Rebel Strike's co-op mode (which was a modified version of Rogue Leader).
In the 1983 Atari arcade game Star Wars, an arcade flight-simulator adaptation for A New Hope that focused on the Battle of Yavin, the player in some modes has to destroy several towers that litter the area. In addition, to make the run more challenging, there were also several turrets and obstacles in the trench that the player has to avoid. This was retained in the Rogue Squadron games, which cited the arcade game to be the inspiration for the game series. In addition, they were also to some extent based on Joe Johnston's original vision of the meridian trench run.
In the 2006 video game Star Wars: Empire at War, the endgame of the Rebellion campaign is the fight against the Death Star. The station may be destroyed over any planet, but only after its defensive fleet is destroyed and Red Squadron is present in the battle. The size of the Rebel fleet is the player's choice and can include several types of starships. This article assumes several starships were present but does not include a specific number. After the Death Star is destroyed, the player is treated to a cutscene with Skywalker launching his torpedoes, and it is followed by the Royal Award Ceremony. If the player chooses to win by domination, a separate cutscene is played, with the Rebel fleet destroying Vader's Star Destroyer over Coruscant.
The 2012 mobile game Angry Birds Star Wars recreates the Battle of Yavin in the final mission of the Death Star area. The launching platform is a "slingshot X-wing" and the player is provided with Luke Skywalker, Obi-Wan Kenobi, Chewbacca, Han Solo, and Rebel pilot-themed birds to face "Darth Piggy" and other Imperial forces. When the player wins, they are treated to a short slideshow of the destruction of the Death Star.
Inaccuracies with the Trench RunEdit
In many video games, particularly the Rogue Squadron trilogy, the player has to avoid many obstacles and make several turns when flying in the Death Star's trench. The schematics/layout of the Death Star show no objects or turns in the trench, and the appearance of the trench in video games is deemed non-canon game mechanics. In Star Wars: Rogue Squadron II: Rogue Leader, one of the bonus missions is an alternate-history scenario where the player flies as Darth Vader and defends the trench from the Rebel squadrons.
In Star Wars: Rebel Assault, Blue Squadron takes part in the trench run and their process parallels the action of Red Squadron as shown in the movie: Merrick Simms hits the torpedoes but misses, just like Garven Dreis; Ru Murleen is hit and pulls out like Wedge Antilles, and Jake Farrell, just like Han Solo, shows up saving Rookie One's life, allowing him to destroy the Death Star instead of Luke Skywalker. In December 2006, Leland Chee commented on the StarWars.com Message Boards that Rookie One's trench run was non-continuity.[40] However, it is unclear whether Chee is referring to merely the outcome or the entire trench run; it remains possible that he did make a failed trench run.
Non-canon appearancesEdit
- LEGO Star Wars: The Complete Saga
- LEGO Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy
- LEGO Star Wars: Microfighters – "video game"
- Star Wars Infinities: A New Hope
- Tag & Bink Are Dead
- Choose Your Own Star Wars Adventure: A New Hope
- Star Wars 78: Hoth Stuff!
- "The Long, Bad Day"—Star Wars Tales 16
- Star Wars: Rogue Squadron
Notes and referencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Battlefront
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Star Wars: Force Commander
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Star Wars: Rebel Assault
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 X-Wing Rogue Squadron 25: The Making of Baron Fel
- ↑ Rebellion Era Sourcebook
- ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23 6.24 6.25 6.26 6.27 6.28 6.29 6.30 6.31 6.32 6.33 6.34 6.35 6.36 6.37 6.38 6.39 6.40 6.41 6.42 6.43 6.44 6.45 6.46 6.47 6.48 6.49 6.50 6.51 6.52 6.53 Star Wars: Episode IV A New Hope
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Marvel Comics
- ↑ The New Essential Chronology
- ↑ Based on combined information from multiple sources, the events of Star Wars: Episode IV A New Hope can be determined to span five days:
- A New Hope establishes that two nights pass between the Star Destroyer Devastator's capture of Princess Leia Organa's Tantive IV over Tatooine and the deaths of Owen and Beru Lars
- Day 3 ends with Luke Skywalker and Obi-Wan Kenobi spending the night in the Tatooine city of Bestine following the Lars murders, according to The Life and Legend of Obi-Wan Kenobi
- Day 4, which begins with Skywalker and Kenobi traveling to Mos Eisley and meeting Han Solo, according to The Life and Legend of Obi-Wan Kenobi, encompasses the rescue of Princess Leia aboard the Death Star as well as the group's arrival on Yavin 4, according to the Star Wars radio drama, and ends with General Jan Dodonna going to sleep while preparing for the following day's assault on the Death Star, according to The Movie Trilogy Sourcebook
- Day 5 begins with Dodonna waking and discovering the thermal exhaust port weakness in the Death Star plans, according to The Movie Trilogy Sourcebook, and ends with the Battle of Yavin, thus concluding the film, according to A New Hope
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 Death Star (novel)
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 Star Wars Battlefront: Elite Squadron Nintendo DS version
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Star Wars: Rogue Squadron II: Rogue Leader
- ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 X-Wing: The Official Strategy Guide
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 Star Wars: Empire at War
- ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13 15.14 15.15 The Essential Guide to Warfare
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 The Official Star Wars Fact File (2013) Part 1 (YAV3-4, The Battle of Yavin)
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 The size of the Alliance Fleet Star Wars: Empire at War in the final mission is a choice, as long as the fleet includes Red Squadron, and is thus game mechanics.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Star Wars: Battlefront II
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Star Wars: X-Wing
- ↑ Star Wars: X-Wing Rogue Squadron ½
- ↑ Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (novel)
- ↑ Empire 14: The Savage Heart
- ↑ The Day after the Death Star!
- ↑ Star Wars: Battlefront
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Vader's Quest
- ↑ Star Wars: Galactic Battlegrounds
- ↑ Classic Star Wars
- ↑ Star Wars: The Complete Visual Dictionary
- ↑ The Essential Chronology
- ↑ The Complete Star Wars Encyclopedia
- ↑ Star Wars Blueprints: Rebel Edition
- ↑ TIE Fighter: The Official Strategy Guide
- ↑ Star Wars Journal: Captive to Evil, erroneously given call sign "Gold Five"
- ↑ Alliance Operative Field Dossier - Skimmer
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 Young Jedi Knights: Heirs of the Force
- ↑ The Illustrated Star Wars Universe
- ↑ Star Wars: Empire: Darklighter
- ↑ Galaxy Guide 3: The Empire Strikes Back
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Holocron continuity database questions on the StarWars.com Message Boards (Posted 7 December 2006 18:15 by Leland Chee)
External linksEdit
- Official Star Wars Soundboards - Battle of Yavin on StarWars.com (content now obsolete; backup link on Archive.org)


text:
THE WORLD HAS BEEN INVADED BY ALIENS! It's up to a nerdy, lazy high school kid to save it!
3.81 / 5.00 7,749 ViewsWARNING: There may be some glitches you experience due to the framerate slowing down, notably teleporting. If you have a slower computer try closing other programs first. We apologize for this and will fix it as soon as we can.
This is our submission for the 48 hour NG Game Jam 2010!
An adventure like no other! Use the arrow keys or WASD to control Jeremy Bongstarr, our hero, into discovering the reason for the immense drought that has overtaken Dryville!
So yeah.. This game was completed in about 48 hours, all of the coding was done in only 24 though because Monkokio was AWAY saturday! I hope you enjoy playing this as much as we enjoyed getting carpal tunnel trying to finish it in time!
Unfortunately, due to the whole "1 day of coding for the programmer" we didn't have time to include the underwater squids or the fireball-boss. Perhaps we'll update it in the future, but till then..just pretend they're there haha.
-Team Funky-Monkey
i liked it
this was a good game keep it up n youl make some more koo ones
Great Game
Great game. It's short, but very good. It has a good story and is fun to complete. Very high quality for something made in only 48 hours of time.
It's also nice to see that Monkokio has contributed to a new project. It's been forever since the last game.
OMG TOTALLY NEEDS a second installment of series
wonderful but urge its so good i need more you must make a 2ed because this is such a great concept
It's hotter in Israel.
Anyway, awesome game. You guys are a great crew, keep making games together!
if only there was someone like this
TO HELP ME the dam heat in delta is friggin hot man!