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Urinary incontinence
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Urinary incontinence is the involuntary excretion of urine from one's body. It is often temporary, and it almost always results from an underlying medical condition.
In this article, the term "incontinence" will be used to mean urinary incontinence. See also fecal incontinence.
Physiology of ContinenceEdit
Continence and micturation involve a balance between urethral closure and detrusor muscle activity.Urethral pressure normally exceeds bladder pressure, resulting in urine remaining in the bladder.The proximal urethra and bladder are both within the pelvis.Intraabdominal pressure increases (from coughing and sneezing)are transmitted to both urethra and bladder equally, leaving the pressure differential unchanged, resulting in continence.Normal voiding is the result of changes in both of these pressure factors:urethral pressure falls and bladder pressure rises.
Stress incontinence Edit
Stress incontinence is essentially due to pelvic floor muscle weakness. It is loss of small amounts of urine with coughing, laughing, sneezing, exercising or other movements that increase intraabdominal pressure and thus increase pressure on the bladder. Physical changes resulting from pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause often cause stress incontinence, and in men it is a common problem following a prostatectomy. It is the most common form of incontinence in women and is treatable.
The urethra is supported by fascia of the pelvic floor. If the fascial support is weakened, as it can be in pregnancy and childbirth, the urethra can move downward at times of increased abdominal pressure, resulting in stress incontinence.
Stress incontinence can worsen during the week before the menstrual period. At that time, lowered estrogen levels may lead to lower muscular pressure around the urethra, increasing chances of leakage. The incidence of stress incontinence increases following menopause, similarly because of lowered estrogen levels. LABS Urine analysis, cystometry and postvoid residual volume are normal.
Urge incontinence or Hypertonic Edit
Urge incontinence is involuntary loss of urine occurring for no apparent reason while suddenly feeling the need or urge to urinate. The most common cause of urge incontinence is involuntary and inappropriate detrusor muscle contractions.
Idiopathic Detrusor Overactivity - Local or surrounding infection, inflammation or irritation of the bladder.
Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity - Defective CNS inhibitory response.
Medical professionals describe such a bladder as "unstable," "spastic," or "overactive." Urge incontinence may also be called "reflex incontinence" if it results from overactive nerves controlling the bladder.
Patients with urge incontinence can suffer incontinence during sleep, after drinking a small amount of water, or when they touch water or hear it running (as when washing dishes or hearing someone else taking a shower).
Involuntary actions of bladder muscles can occur because of damage to the nerves of the bladder, to the nervous system (spinal cord and brain), or to the muscles themselves. Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's Disease, stroke, and injury--including injury that occurs during surgery--can all harm bladder nerves or muscles.
Functional incontinence Edit
Functional incontinence occurs when a person does not recognise the need to go to the toilet, recognise where the toilet is, or get to the toilet in time. The urine loss may be large. Causes of functional incontinence include confusion, dementia, poor eyesight, poor mobility, poor dexterity, or unwillingness to toilet because of depression, anxiety or anger.[1]
People with functional incontinence may have problems thinking, moving, or communicating that prevent them from reaching a toilet. A person with Alzheimer's Disease, for example, may not think well enough to plan a timely trip to a restroom. A person in a wheelchair may be blocked from getting to a toilet in time. Conditions such as these are often associated with age and account for some of the incontinence of elderly women and men in nursing homes.
Overflow incontinence or HypotonicEdit
Sometimes people find that they cannot stop their bladders from constantly dribbling, or continuing to dribble for some time after they have passed water. It is as if their bladders were like a constantly overflowing pan - hence the general name overflow incontinence. Overflow incontinence occurs when the patient's bladder is always full so that it frequently leaks urine. Weak bladder muscles, resulting in incomplete emptying of the bladder, or a blocked urethra can cause this type of incontinence. Autonomic neuropathy from diabetes or other diseases (e.g Multiple sclerosis )can decrease neural signals from the bladder (allowing for overfilling) and may also decrease the expulsion of urine by the detrusor muscle (allowing for urinary retention). Additionally, tumors and kidney stones can block the urethra. In men, benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) may also restrict the flow of urine. Overflow incontinence is rare in women, although sometimes it is caused by fibroid or ovarian tumors. Spinal cord injuries or nervous system disorders are additional causes of overflow incontinence. Also overflow incontinence in women can be from increased outlet resistance from advanced vaginal prolapse causing a "kink" in the urethra or after an anti-incontinence procedure which has overcorrected the problem.[2]
Early symptoms include a hesitant or slow stream of urine during voluntary urination. Anticholinergic medications may worsen overflow incontinence.
Other types of incontinenceEdit
Stress and urge incontinence often occur together in women. Combinations of incontinence - and this combination in particular - are sometimes referred to as "mixed incontinence."
"Transient incontinence" is a temporary version of incontinence. It can be triggered by medications, urinary tract infections, mental impairment, restricted mobility, and stool impaction (severe constipation), which can push against the urinary tract and obstruct outflow. Incontinence can often occur while trying to concentrate on a task and avoiding using the toilet.
Patients with incontinence should be referred to a medical practitioner specializing in this field. Urologists specialize in the urinary tract, and some urologists further specialize in the female urinary tract. A urogynecologist is a gynecologist who has special training in urological problems in women. Gynecologists and obstetricians specialize in the female reproductive tract and childbirth and some also treat urinary incontinece in women. Family practitioners and internists see patients for all kinds of complaints and can refer patients on to the relevant specialists.
A careful history taking is essential especially in the pattern of voiding and urine leakage as it suggests the type of incontinence faced. Other important points include straining and discomfort, use of drugs, recent surgery, and illness.
The physical examination will focus on looking for signs of medical conditions causing incontinence, such as tumors that block the urinary tract, stool impaction, and poor reflexes or sensations, which may be evidence of a nerve-related cause.
A test often performed is the measurement of bladder capacity and residual urine for evidence of poorly functioning bladder muscles.
Other tests include:
- Stress test - the patient relaxes, then coughs vigorously as the doctor watches for loss of urine.
- Urinalysis - urine is tested for evidence of infection, urinary stones, or other contributing causes.
- Blood tests - blood is taken, sent to a laboratory, and examined for substances related to causes of incontinence.
- Ultrasound - sound waves are used to "see" the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
- Cystoscopy - a thin tube with a tiny camera is inserted in the urethra and used to see the inside of the urethra and bladder.
- Urodynamics - various techniques measure pressure in the bladder and the flow of urine.
Patients are often asked to keep a diary for a day or more, up to a week, to record the pattern of voiding, noting times and the amounts of urine produced.
Urinary incontinence in women Edit
Women experience incontinence twice as often as men. Pregnancy and childbirth, menopause, and the structure of the female urinary tract account for this difference. But both women and men can become incontinent from neurologic injury, congenital defects, strokes, multiple sclerosis, and physical problems associated with aging.
While urinary incontinence affects older women more often than younger women, the onset of incontinence is not inevitable with age. Incontinence is treatable and often curable at all ages.
Incontinence in women usually occurs because of problems with muscles that help to hold or release urine. The body stores urine - water and wastes removed by the kidneys - in the urinary bladder, a balloon-like organ. The bladder connects to the urethra, the tube through which urine leaves the body. It can result when the fetus pushes down and places pressure on the bladder. It can even continue after birth, until weakened pelvic muscles become stronger.[3]
During urination, muscles in the wall of the bladder contract, forcing urine out of the bladder and into the urethra. At the same time, sphincter muscles surrounding the urethra relax, letting urine pass out of the body. Incontinence will occur if the bladder muscles suddenly contract or muscles surrounding the urethra suddenly relax.
Kegel exercises to strengthen or retrain pelvic floor muscles and sphincter muscles can reduce or cure stress leakage. People of all ages can learn and practice these exercises, which are taught by a health care professional. Kegel exercises are sometimes difficult to do correctly and require a lot of time dedication.
Vaginal cone therapyEdit
A more recently developed exercise technique suitable only for women involves the use of a set of five small vaginal cones of increasing weight. For this exercise, the patient simply places the small plastic cone within her vagina, where it is held in by a mild reflex contraction of the pelvic floor muscles. Because it is a reflex contraction, little effort is required on the part of the patient. This exercise is done twice a day for fifteen to twenty minutes, while standing or walking around, for example doing daily household tasks. As the pelvic floor muscles get stronger, cones of increasing weight can be used, thereby strengthening the muscles gradually. [How to reference and link to summary or text]
The advantage of this method is that the correct muscles are automatically exercised by holding in the cone, and the method is effective after a much shorter time. Clinical trials with vaginal cones have shown that the pelvic floor muscles start to become stronger within two to three weeks, and light to medium stress incontinence can resolve after eight to twelve weeks of use.[How to reference and link to summary or text]
Electrical stimulationEdit
Brief doses of electrical stimulation can strengthen muscles in the lower pelvis in a way similar to exercising the muscles. Electrodes are temporarily placed in the vagina or rectum to stimulate nearby muscles. This can stabilize overactive muscles and stimulate contraction of urethral muscles. Electrical stimulation can be used to reduce both stress incontinence and urge incontinence.
Biofeedback uses measuring devices to help the patient become aware of his or her body's functioning. By using electronic devices or diaries to track when the bladder and urethral muscles contract, the patient can gain control over these muscles. Biofeedback can be used with pelvic muscle exercises and electrical stimulation to relieve stress and urge incontinence.
Timed voiding or bladder trainingEdit
Timed voiding (urinating) and bladder training are techniques that use biofeedback. In timed voiding, the patient fills in a chart of voiding and leaking. From the patterns that appear in the chart, the patient can plan to empty his or her bladder before he or she would otherwise leak. Biofeedback and muscle conditioning--known as bladder training--can alter the bladder's schedule for storing and emptying urine. These techniques are effective for urge and overflow incontinence.
Medications can reduce many types of leakage. Some drugs inhibit contractions of an overactive bladder. Others relax muscles, leading to more complete bladder emptying during urination. Some drugs tighten muscles at the bladder neck and urethra, preventing leakage. And some, especially hormones such as estrogen, are believed to cause muscles involved in urination to function normally.
Pharmacological treatments of urinary incontinence:
in vaginal atrophy - topical or vaginal estrogens; tolterodine, oxybutynin, propantheline, darifenacin, solifenacin, trospium in urge incontinence,
imipramine in mixed and stress urinary incontinence, pseudoephedrine and duloxetine in stress urinary incontinence.
Some of these medications can produce harmful side effects if used for long periods. In particular, estrogen therapy has been associated with an increased risk for cancers of the breast and endometrium (lining of the uterus). A patient should talk to a doctor about the risks and benefits of long-term use of medications.
A pessary is a medical device that is inserted into the vagina. The most common kind is ring shaped, and is typically recommended to correct vaginal prolapse. The pessary compresses the urethra against the symphysis pubis and elevates the bladder neck. For some women this may reduce stress leakage. If a pessary is used, vaginal and urinary tract infections may occur and regular monitoring by a doctor is recommended.
Doctors usually suggest surgery to alleviate incontinence only after other treatments have been tried. Many surgical options have high rates of success.
Most stress incontinence in women results from the bladder dropping down toward the vagina. Therefore, common surgery for stress incontinence involves pulling the bladder up to a more normal position. Working through an incision in the vagina or abdomen, the surgeon raises the bladder and secures it with a string attached to muscle, ligament, or bone.
For severe cases of stress incontinence, the surgeon may secure the bladder with a wide sling. This not only holds up the bladder but also compresses the bottom of the bladder and the top of the urethra, further preventing leakage.
In rare cases, a surgeon implants an artificial sphincter, a doughnut-shaped sac that circles the urethra. A fluid fills and expands the sac, which squeezes the urethra closed. By pressing a valve implanted under the skin, the artificial sphincter can be deflated. This removes pressure from the urethra, allowing urine from the bladder to pass.
If an incontinence is due to overflow incontinence, in which that bladder never empties completely, of if the bladder cannot empty because of poor muscle tone, past surgery, or spinal cord injury, a catheter may be used to empty the bladder. A catheter is a tube that can be inserted through the urethra into the bladder to drain urine. Catheters may be used once in a while or on a constant basis, in which case the tube connects to a bag that you can attach to your leg. If a long-term (or indwelling) catheter is used, urinary tract infections may occur.
Other proceduresEdit
Many people manage urinary incontinence with pads that catch slight leakage during activities such as exercising. Also, incontinence may be managed by restricting certain liquids, such as coffee, tea, and alcohol.
Finally, many people who could be treated resort instead to wearing absorbent, reusable undergarments which can hold 6 oz. or disposable diapers which can hold more. The reusable undergarments may be positive from a self-esteem perspective though depending on the amount of fluid being passed, disposable diapers can also be positive as they can hold more liquid and may eliminate leakage. Either can lead to skin irritation and sores if the urine is left in contact with the skin. The possible effectiveness of treatments such as timed voiding, pelvic muscle exercises, and electrical stimulation should be discussed with a doctor.
Kneading the perineum immediately after urination can help expel unvoided urine retained by a urethral stricture, a urethral sphincter that is slow to close, or overdeveloped abdominal floor muscles and connective tissue (as may be developed by the stresses of ill fitting bicycle seats.)
Hospitals often use some type of incontinence pad, a small but highly absobant sheet placed beneath the patient, to deal with incontinence or other unexpected discharges of bodily fluid. These pads are especially useful when it is not practical for the patient to wear a diaper.
There are also trials taking place in the UK at the moment using Botox. It has been tested with some success under general anaesthetic conditions, and is currently (February 2006) being tried under local anaesthetic. While it originally appears that it may be quite successful for women, it does not appear to be as successful for men. Botox works for around 6-9 months when the treatment has to be redone.
Urinary incontinence in children Edit
In the United States, at least 13 million people have problems holding urine until they can get to a toilet. This loss of urinary control is called "urinary incontinence" or just "incontinence." Although it affects many young people, it usually disappears naturally over time, which suggests that incontinence, for some people, may be a normal part of growing up.
No matter when it happens or how often it happens, incontinence causes great distress. It may get in the way of a good night's sleep and is embarrassing when it happens during the day. That's why it is important to understand that occasional incontinence is a normal part of growing up and that treatment is available for most children who have difficulty controlling their bladders.
Babies are never considered incontinent, as they cannot physically attain bowel and bladder control and incontinence is a loss of pre-existing control
Urinary systemEdit
Urination, or voiding, is a complex activity. The bladder is a balloonlike muscle that lies in the lowest part of the abdomen. The bladder stores urine, then releases it through the urethra, the canal that carries urine to the outside of the body. Controlling this activity involves nerves, muscles, the spinal cord, and the brain.
The bladder is made of two types of muscles: the detrusor, a muscular sac that stores urine and squeezes to empty, and the sphincter, a circular group of muscles at the bottom or neck of the bladder that automatically stay contracted to hold the urine in and automatically relax when the detrusor contracts to let the urine into the urethra. A third group of muscles below the bladder (pelvic floor muscles) can contract to keep urine back.
A baby's bladder fills to a set point, then automatically contracts and empties. As the child gets older, the nervous system develops. The child's brain begins to get messages from the filling bladder and begins to send messages to the bladder to keep it from automatically emptying until the child decides it is the time and place to void.
Failures in this control mechanism result in incontinence. Reasons for this failure range from the simple to the complex.
Incontinence happens less often after age 5: About 10 percent of 5-year-olds, 5 percent of 10-year-olds, and 1 percent of 18-year-olds experience episodes of incontinence. It is twice as common in boys as in girls.
Causes of nighttime incontinenceEdit
After age 5, wetting at night--often called bedwetting or sleepwetting--is more common than daytime wetting in boys. Experts do not know what causes nighttime incontinence. Young people who experience nighttime wetting tend to be physically and emotionally normal. Most cases probably result from a mix of factors including slower physical development, an overproduction of urine at night, a lack of ability to recognize bladder filling when asleep, and, in some cases, anxiety. For many, there is a strong family history of bedwetting, suggesting an inherited factor.
Slower physical developmentEdit
Between the ages of 5 and 10, incontinence may be the result of a small bladder capacity, long sleeping periods, and underdevelopment of the body's alarms that signal a full or emptying bladder. This form of incontinence will fade away as the bladder grows and the natural alarms become operational.
Excessive output of urine during sleepEdit
Normally, the body produces a hormone that can slow the making of urine. This hormone is called antidiuretic hormone, or ADH. The body normally produces more ADH during sleep so that the need to urinate is lower. If the body does not produce enough ADH at night, the making of urine may not be slowed down, leading to bladder overfilling. If a child does not sense the bladder filling and awaken to urinate, then wetting will occur.
Experts suggest that anxiety-causing events occurring in the lives of children ages 2 to 4 might lead to incontinence before the child achieves total bladder control. Anxiety experienced after age 4 might lead to wetting after the child has been dry for a period of 6 months or more. Such events include angry parents, unfamiliar social situations, and overwhelming family events such as the birth of a brother or sister.
Incontinence itself is an anxiety-causing event. Strong bladder contractions leading to leakage in the daytime can cause embarrassment and anxiety that lead to wetting at night.
Certain inherited genes appear to contribute to incontinence. In 1995, Danish researchers announced they had found a site on human chromosome 13 that is responsible, at least in part, for nighttime wetting[How to reference and link to summary or text]. If both parents were bedwetters, a child has an 80 percent chance of being a bedwetter also. Experts believe that other, undetermined genes also may be involved in incontinence.
Obstructive sleep apneaEdit
Nighttime incontinence may be one sign of another condition called obstructive sleep apnea, in which the child's breathing is interrupted during sleep, often because of inflamed or enlarged tonsils or adenoids. Other symptoms of this condition include snoring, mouth breathing, frequent ear and sinus infections, sore throat, choking, and daytime drowsiness. In some cases, successful treatment of this breathing disorder may also resolve the associated nighttime incontinence.
Structural problemsEdit
Finally, a small number of cases of incontinence are caused by physical problems in the urinary system in children. A condition known as urinary reflux or vesicoureteral reflux, in which urine backs up into one or both ureters, can cause urinary tract infections and incontinence. Rarely, a blocked bladder or urethra may cause the bladder to overfill and leak. Nerve damage associated with the birth defect spina bifida can cause incontinence. In these cases, the incontinence can appear as a constant dribbling of urine.
Causes of daytime incontinenceEdit
Daytime incontinence that is not associated with urinary infection or anatomic abnormalities is less common than nighttime incontinence and tends to disappear much earlier than the nighttime versions. One possible cause of daytime incontinence is an overactive bladder. Many children with daytime incontinence have abnormal voiding habits, the most common being infrequent voiding.
An overactive bladderEdit
Muscles surrounding the urethra (the tube that takes urine away from the bladder) have the job of keeping the passage closed, preventing urine from passing out of the body. If the bladder contracts strongly and without warning, the muscles surrounding the urethra may not be able to keep urine from passing. This often happens as a consequence of urinary tract infection and is more common in girls.
Infrequent voidingEdit
Infrequent voiding refers to a child's voluntarily holding urine for prolonged intervals. For example, a child may not want to use the toilets at school or may not want to interrupt enjoyable activities, so he or she ignores the body's signal of a full bladder. In these cases, the bladder can overfill and leak urine. Additionally, these children often develop urinary tract infections (UTIs), leading to an irritable or overactive bladder.
Other causesEdit
Some of the same factors that contribute to nighttime incontinence may act together with infrequent voiding to produce daytime incontinence. These factors include
- a small bladder capacity
- structural problems
- anxiety-causing events
- pressure from a hard bowel movement (constipation)
- drinks or foods that contain caffeine, which increases urine output and may also cause spasms of the bladder muscle, or other ingredients to which the child may have an allergic reaction, such as chocolate or artificial coloring
Sometimes overly strenuous toilet training may make the child unable to relax the sphincter and the pelvic floor to completely empty the bladder. Retaining urine (incomplete emptying) sets the stage for urinary tract infections.
Growth and developmentEdit
Most urinary incontinence fades away naturally. Here are examples of what can happen over time:
- Bladder capacity increases.
- Natural body alarms become activated.
- An overactive bladder settles down.
- Production of ADH becomes normal.
- The child learns to respond to the body's signal that it is time to void.
- Stressful events or periods pass.
Many children overcome incontinence naturally (without treatment) as they grow older. The number of cases of incontinence goes down by 15 percent for each year after the age of 5.
Nighttime incontinence may be treated by increasing ADH levels. The hormone can be boosted by a synthetic version known as desmopressin, or DDAVP, which recently became available in pill form. Patients can also spray a mist containing desmopressin into their nostrils. Desmopressin is approved for use by children.
Another medication, called imipramine, is also used to treat sleepwetting. It acts on both the brain and the urinary bladder. Unfortunately, total dryness with either of the medications available is achieved in only about 20 percent of patients.
If a young person experiences incontinence resulting from an overactive bladder, a doctor might prescribe a medicine that helps to calm the bladder muscle. This medicine controls muscle spasms and belongs to a class of medications called anticholinergics.
Bladder training consists of exercises for strengthening and coordinating muscles of the bladder and urethra, and may help the control of urination. These techniques teach the child to anticipate the need to urinate and prevent urination when away from a toilet. Techniques that may help nighttime incontinence include
- determining bladder capacity
- stretching the bladder (delaying urinating)
- drinking less fluid before sleeping
- developing routines for waking up
Unfortunately, none of the above has demonstrated proven success.
Techniques that may help daytime incontinence include
- urinating on a schedule, such as every 2 hours (this is called timed voiding)
- avoiding caffeine or other foods or drinks that may contribute to a child's incontinence
- following suggestions for healthy urination, such as relaxing muscles and taking your time
Moisture alarmsEdit
At night, moisture alarms can awaken a person when he or she begins to urinate. These devices include a water-sensitive pad worn in pajamas, a wire connecting to a battery-driven control, and an alarm that sounds when moisture is first detected. For the alarm to be effective, the child must awaken or be awakened as soon as the alarm goes off. This may require having another person sleep in the same room to awaken the bedwetter.
Incontinence is also called enuresisEdit
- Primary enuresis refers to wetting in a person who has never been dry for at least 6 months.
- Secondary enuresis refers to wetting that begins after at least 6 months of dryness.
- Nocturnal enuresis refers to wetting that usually occurs during sleep (nighttime incontinence).
- Diurnal enuresis refers to wetting when awake (daytime incontinence).
Points to rememberEdit
- Urinary incontinence in children is common.
- Nighttime wetting occurs more commonly in boys.
- Daytime Wetting is more common in girls.
- After age 5, incontinence disappears naturally at a rate of 15 percent of cases per year.
- Treatments include waiting, dietary modification, moisture alarms, medications, and bladder training.
See alsoEdit
- ↑ (2004). Functional incontinence. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. URL accessed on 2006-12-20.
- ↑ (2006). Overflow Incontinence. Urinary Incontinence - Overview. Armenian Medical Network. URL accessed on 2006-12-20.
- ↑ (2006). Stayfree - Bladder Control. URL accessed on 2006-10-12.
External linksEdit
- Incont - Incontinence Support Group
- OR live surgical procedure for stress incontinence from Google video
- UK charity supporting people with bowel and bladder control problems.
- Selected abstracts from recent medical literature on Urinary Incontinence.
- Stories from patients who have successfully undergone procedures to cure their incontinence from www.womenshealthsolutions.co.uk
- Site about overactive bladder disorder in children
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Subject: | What does my daughters name mean? |
Author: | Diana (guest, 18.104.22.168) |
Date: | December 7, 2003 at 6:05:18 PM |
Hi everyone. I was wondering if any one can tell me what my Daughters name means, first and middle. Her name is Tayah Raelynn, and i haven't been able to find her name any where. I got it from Tea Leoni, the actress, i just changed the spelling. Thank you for any help. Diana
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Unions are heading a drive for new nuclear power stations to be built in Scotland.More from The Brothers Judd. And a number of antis are already sounding the alarm. Click here and here for more details.
A resolution calling for the nuclear option to be part of continuing energy review was passed by the Scottish Labour Party yesterday.
The engineering union Amicus and the National Union of Mineworkers believe atom plants must be part of a balanced energy policy including clean coal technology and renewable sources like wind and biomass.
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Terming the bilateral trade to be the most promising factor and the most potent instrument for having better relations between India and Pakistan, Punjab Chapter of PHD Chamber of Commerce & Industry would organize a Indo-Pak Trade Expo here from March 7 to 11.
"There is a lot of trade potential with Pakistan. If trade takes the front seat, automatically, other issues shall get pushed to the back seat," chairman, Punjab committee, PHD Chamber Rajiv Bali said here.
"Booming bilateral trade may well be the strongest pillar of Indo-Pak rapprochement so much so that it shall not only overtake the pace of general confidence-building but also have a substantial impact on each other's mutual perceptions," added Bali.
"With the cross border trade especially being brought in for a noticeable transformation, it shall contribute to overall tranquility and peace in the area and shall well facilitate progress in the border areas," he advocated.
Quoting a US report, Bali said Indo-Pak trade could multiply 10 times. "Removal of tariff and non-tariff barriers could result in an expansion of trade between the two countries from its current 2 to $2.5 billion to estimates ranging from $20 to $50 billion," he said.
Terming the strengthening of bilateral trade as good sign for business community of both Punjabs, regional director, PHD Chamber, Dalip Sharma, said, "The potential gains from the increased bilateral co-operation between India and Pakistan are immense. More flexible issuing of visas, rupee trade and better customs procedures can enhance the scope for trade."
"PHD Chamber is organising Indo-Pak International Trade Expo (IPEX) at Jalandhar from March 7 to 11. While fair is being organised for the first time at Jalandhar, it shall be Chamber's tenth endeavour in the series of trade fairs in Punjab," said Sharma.


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You mean ep2?
Why does the ambience get replaced by bird whistling when playing online?
The map needs both apparently.
I cant belive nobody has found the lab yet
Also damn you, i wanted to get the official server for the map :arghfist:
oh well, my scratch gamemode wont matter until its done anyways
Why? Aren't all the models and materials from Episode 1 in Episode 2 by default?
You mean the lab in the bunker?
ok well ive found the 2 orange paintings and the gnome where is the last i just spent a hour trying to find the last one if you wont tell me where at least give me a good clue no clues like high up in the air or some crap like that please
Argh fuck i though it was something hidden. whops
Fix it Hazard :v
That out of the way, help us find the Captain GMan painting dangit :arghfist:
Already cheated my way to everything, but i wont tell you guys!
Nope, im pretty sure he compile-protected it though
sweet jesus christ monkey balls. i salute to you sir
Why would i tell, its more fun searching, took myself one hour to find the other paintings
At least drop a hint?
Then how did you cheat your way?
This map would be awesome if it had auto spawning NPCs. I just spent some time fighting zombie torsos in the swamp with a browning shotgun.
As I said on trp server, excellent map. It is an pretty good replacer for atomic.
I getting an Engine Error every time I try to launch the map now.
Code:failed to lock vertex buffer in CMeshDX8::LockVertexBuffer
This map is not final!! Needs to be rebuilt without -keepstalezip and -onlyents.
Also, Whats the diffrence between the GM and RP versions?
HOLY SHIT this map is sooo awesome it crashed the game and reported "engine hunk overflow!" awesome.
now lets see if anyone knows how to help me fix this problem
This is amazing- for me, it has replaced GM_Atomic completely, this map is so much better. And when I found it has Strider nodes...
I love this. XD
Anyone else find that room you need to noclip in that has the colored screen like an old TV with no reception?
Try reading the thread before you post.
Ok, I think that the painting, gnome and radio station are connected. I found a document that indicates that the radio station may be a numbers station.
Found the caves, I like the little camp in it.
You mean those little flyers posted on some of the walls?
3... 1- numbers?
Less cryptic, please.
No, there is an actual file with a picture of a man on it in the war room. I just think it may be an explanation to all the radios scattered throughout the map.
this map scares the shit out of me in singleplayer, when i put in the horror npc
The what?
And can anyone tell me why the map crashes every time I try to launch it now?
Haha. I think I know how you cheated... Its really easy to do once you have one of the 3 paintings. Oh how wire has ruined the classic way of Gmod, and yet opened a door of freedom and opportunity.
And that's NOT a hint.
(Even though I did find all 3 paintings and the gnome, now I just have to figure out what to do with them.)
This map is even more epic than my cock. And THAT IS MUCH TO SAY.
Alright. I got all of them. Stuff happened. I got into a room. Something weird. End. Nice map.
How do i fix the CMesh error!
In my brothers PC (that haves a less powerful videocard) it dont gives this error!


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talked to auston english, to think that we are a laughingstock of college football is to be a complete "****ing moron". he didn't care if it was a former player or not.Originally Posted by DRminimega67 View Post
talked to auston english, to think that we are a laughingstock of college football is to be a complete "****ing moron". he didn't care if it was a former player or not.Originally Posted by DRminimega67 View Post
who is scud?Originally Posted by scud View Post
I talked to Adrian Peterson who agrees with OP.Originally Posted by DirtySouth_Sooner View Post
The following users like this post: nolesooner
I talked to Sam Bradford, who agrees with Adrian Peterson.
The following users like this post: nolesooner
If u finna name drop, make sure it's not something named Auston English. Whatever that is.
I do love English tho, for that cheap shot on McCoy that wasn't called.
The following users like this post: Stein7495
Current and former players are going to be all over place with opinions just like people on this board. Basically what it boils down to IMO is expectations. People who have higher expectations (winning a bowl game and being in the MNC picture) get embarrassed more quickly. Those of you whose expectations are a little lower (10+ wins is a good season) are not embarrassed as easily.
I ask those of you who think that the OP is a DA what would it take for you to think that OU is laughing stock of college football? Where ever that line is there will be people who think you're a DA for thinking that because there is always someone with lower expectations then your own.
The following users like this post: Written
was that before or after they cut the checks to the laughing stock program?Originally Posted by Jason View Post
Since pretty much everyone knows who Mini is, and since you talk so big...who the **** are you? If you're not prepared to tell us and face up to the shit you're talking you might just need to shut your ****ing mouth or find a new board. Or both.Originally Posted by SoonerPT View Post
The following users like this post: greensooner
Are there any former players who could come in and teach these "kids" how to tackle? You know just basic football.
Why not let the qb call his own plays, he couldn't have done any worse than the OC or the dummies on the sidelines. Wouldn't have to call as many timeouts....maybe...
That's no shit... I can't EVER remember a team having to call so many **** wasted timeouts cuz the play clock was running down...Originally Posted by soonerchoctaw View Post
2 users like acheman8's post: Backintheday, D-Town Sooner
Note to former players, if any of you guys have any stroke to help the football program would you please do so. thanks............
2 users like soonerchoctaw's post: BajaOklahoma, nolesooner
The most embarassing thing for me, as a fan and a loong time supporter of the program (financially and otherwise), is the quit I saw in our team -- players AND coaches. After the three 3 and outs to start the 2nd half, you could just see everyone deflate and from that point on, the outcome of the game was not in doubt. Worst display I have seen since 55-19...
2 users like acheman8's post: Soonerinsec, Written
I'm to the point I can't say anything nice about the OU program so why say anything at all? Doesn't matter if I want bob gone. Doesn't matter if I think he's past his prime. I think it does more harm griping about it then not.
EVERYONE? Hyperbole much..Originally Posted by the_edge View Post
Lot of fair weather fans
The following users like this post: Soonerlife
You ought to know "Palm Beach"
The following users like this post: greensooner
**** that! I'm pissed about the lack of effort. I support this program 100% and will continue to do so until I die. Nothing fair weather about wanting some players to display some passion -- even a tenth of the passion that I display while watching. These guys were going through the motions, and it's not the first time. Fair weather fans?? I think we have some fair weather players...Originally Posted by Palmbeachsooner View Post
5 users like acheman8's post: greensooner, nolesooner, Soonerinsec, Sugasean, Written
It's only natural that when you recruit so many players nationally that some of them are not going to be as emotionally invested to play as hard. OU's national championship teams had far more Oklahoma's on the roster. People who care more play harder. The trick is to find the right balance.Originally Posted by acheman8 View Post
OU coaches must be great evaluators of undervalued in state talent.
How many national championships/bowl games did his sooner teams win?Originally Posted by DirtySouth_Sooner View Post
I find it ironic that to find similarly unprepared error filled football with disorganization and wasted timeouts at OU you actually have to look back at the same 90's teams many here have their bar set at.Originally Posted by acheman8 View Post
We seem to win more now... But the errors are the same crap we were all so relieved to be rid of in 1999 when we could line up correctly..... Get plays off.... The wins in 99 were icing on the cake.
Read the frickin post and quit nitpicking. Not a slump, a slow backwards slide. It has gotten worse with time. We have had and currently have some really great players. The program is digressing and anyone who says or thinks otherwise is wrong.Originally Posted by DirtySouth_Sooner View Post
i read the ****ing post ... would the op had said we were a laughing stock had we won? **** no ... so it's based on one ****ing game. Yes, we are NOT in the elite category but a laughing stock is a moronic statement.Originally Posted by 100%sooner View Post
another thing ... did YOU think we were on a downward slump before the florida game or before the lsu game. like right before the game, did you actually say to yourself damn ... this team is going nowhere.
The following users like this post: cccasooner2
Come to SoCal... you'll hear it here too.Originally Posted by nolesooner View Post
The following users like this post: SoCaliSooner
i sure as hell know they don't hear it on ucla's or usc's campus.Originally Posted by Soonerinsocal View Post
Last edited by DirtySouth_Sooner; January 6th, 2013 at 01:14 AM.
We are all aware of our history. I take great pride in OU's historic football achievements and accolades but we can't keep pointing to our history after we continue to blow more and more big games. Its now been 12, going on 13 seasons since our last national title. I keep on saying this but the kids we are trying to recruit today don't give a shit about the 2000 Sooners or even remember them for that matter. If you ask them who Rocky Calmus, Quentin Griffin, and Torrence Marshall are, they'll reply: who? Unless they're already OU fans. We can't keep pressing our past success. Alabama did that for a long time. Then they finally woke up and brought in Saban and now they're rolling and show no sign of slowing down. Oklahoma is like Michigan and Nebraska. We are all rich in history and tradition. We consistently crank out good seasons but we're still a step behind the "elite" at the moment.Originally Posted by WFSooner View Post
Teams that are on the upswing or better than OU
OSU (yes I said it)Uhh, what?UG
Wait, what?Baylor
Based on what?OSU (yes I said it)
Are you familiar with irony?Outside of FSU who has OU beat worth a damn in a bowl game? Iowa? UConn? Washington? Ark? All very avg. or below avg teams at the time.
Teams that are on the upswing or better than OU
OSU (yes I said it)
The following users like this post: Sooner Showtime
Sorry but this is based on a body of work that goes back a few years. And everyone knows that we can't win the big important games.Originally Posted by DirtySouth_Sooner View Post
Good point, I just had a seance with Sabe Hott, Snorter Luster, Dale Arbuckle, Soupy Smoot and the Gentry brothers.They had varying opinions about the state of the program and we had a pretty intense discussion about the best dropkicker OU has ever had, but all the guys had a good chuckle when SoonerLife's name came up in conversation.Originally Posted by soonerprices View Post
In the end we really coudn't come up with a consensus so they all were in agreement that we might want to talk to some younger alums......
So tomorrow night we are going to conjure up Viv Nemacek, Jack Baer, Iron Mike Massad, Norval Locke and we are going to see if we can get Art and Bill Pansze
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Last edited by Yuck Fu; January 6th, 2013 at 05:41 AM.
Find a post where you actually talk about football. It's not hyperbole if it's true.Originally Posted by Soonerlife View Post
I agree with many of the opinions here. I happen to know from a former safety how Bob questioned their heart after losing to Boise and compared their heart to the 2000 team. In his thick head it's never the coaches. Where I differ from original post is the "laughing stock" comment.
Until these coaches recruit some guys that can play D line again we are going to keep having this conversation every year.
The following users like this post: DRminimega67
I wasnt a long snapper, or former player, so my opinion is going to be like most the other "experts" on the board. But, the way I see it, Bob is too loyal, and has tried to hire with in the program and it has cost us big time. JH was not ready to take the play calling over...and he has proven that. I am not ready to kick Mike Stoops out yet, until I see what players HE can bring in. BUT, this could be his down fall, BV could bring the talent in and maybe it took both of them together to have the right recipe for a good defense? IDK. In the end, we dont have the talent anymore, and the reason for that can be pushed in many directions. We lose the big games that are on national TV, Recruits love a winner...look at the players going to ND now. I am not going to question Bob Stoops on how much "fire he has in his belly", but I do know the product he is putting on the field is not good. It starts with recuiting which we are behind, then it comes with coaching, and I think JH is way over his head. Defense I get so pissed off watching them. There are 2 players that play on that defense that I GUARANTEE would not start on TU's team. And I am not saying we are the laughing stock of college football, but I for one was completely embarrassed, and it seems to be a pattern as of late. Look at the teams that are heading up and the ones that are heading down. UT better make coaching changes as well...they are on a decline. Bama was bad years ago, but Saban came in and embraced the traditions and here we go. Same as Kelly at ND...tradition and then good coaching and here we go. Oregon I just think they are flashy because of their facilities and Phil Knight, they will prolly have good teams, but I just look at them the same...again my opinion. Long of short, I am very interested to see if thing happens after this loss. If Bob comes in and says golly gee we got beat, lets go back to work..and no changes, I am going to be amazed because EVERYONE sees the faults, and the changes that need to come, and he will once again let his loyalty stand in the way of the program.
Ditto. Comments based on overall direction of the program, not specific points in time. We sure have had some high points, however, the low points are much more prevalent and becoming the norm verses the every once and a while occurence.Originally Posted by sooner68 View Post
Have ANY of these guys said that it is time for Stoops to go?Originally Posted by psk2080 View Post
fefferson said mini knew how to handle balls better than most anyone else.
Originally Posted by Soonerlife
EVERYONE? Hyperbole much..Link?the_edge;1024716]Find a post where you actually talk about football. It's not hyperbole if it's true.
Um...actually, you do. USC is down due to sanctions and a loser coach but they are also still getting great talent. We chocked against USC in a national championship game and were embarrassed. Ucla smoked us the last time we played too. If we played both teams right now we'd be slightly above USC and ucla would give us a game. Both teams have been in shambles the last couple of years but their players still play with some passion.Originally Posted by DirtySouth_Sooner View Post
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Good defensive lineman all want to play in the SEC. Sure there will be one of two difference makers that come along, but attracting true quality depth in the defensive line isn't going to be possible in the Big 12 anymore.Originally Posted by Palmbeachsooner View Post
Texas A&M - 1997, 1998, 2010, 2012 Big 12 Champs*
You have a Kool-Aid mustache, sweetheart.Originally Posted by TeLeFaWx View Post
Originally Posted by McRib View Post
Texas A&M - 1997, 1998, 2010, 2012 Big 12 Champs*
Haha, damn dude! This dipshit sure did participate on those shitty teams. 2 years w Blake and 3 w Stoops. I know what it was like both ways. Gives you an appreciation for what it really takes to be good. I know he's working on it. I'm not stupid. I've talked to them. That's why I've always felt optimistic that we'd get it worked out. I'm not the only person involved with or formerly involved with the program, player or not, who feels this way. Obviously it's not a popular view for you. You don't think that our program gets made fun of outside of our fan base and state for what's happened in the last few years collectively? Similar to what we do with Texas? Perception is reality. Laughingstock was most certainly an exaggeration, but oh we'll. You get the point, or maybe you didn't. I dunno. Maybe I did a poor job at wording it.Originally Posted by SoonerPT View Post
I don't expect us to be perfect. I don't expect to be undefeated every year. I know shit happens. I expect just like they used to demand out of us...play smart, fundamental football, and never quit. Play with pride, and do your best. This team looks like it gave up, and we've seen that happen too many times lately. It's baffling to me. They've told me that kids are just different these days versus 15 years ago. I don't know how it's really THAT different, but it seems to be. I just remember the "No Excuses" mantra when they first came. We lived by that at the time. Now? It just seems like there's always one. Maybe they still preach that. I hope so.
I should just probably shut up and keep on cheering my beloved Sooners on.
3 users like DRminimega67's post: McRib, nolesooner, OU48A
No damn it. Don't be quiet. Shit needs toget fixed and bob doesn't need a bunch of quiet pussies that never question his ass. I swear I just wish someone could smack the shit out of him and get him to admit that he isn't close to the same coach that he was when he got here. Dude just needs a wake up call.Originally Posted by DRminimega67 View Post
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This has not been a good 48 hours for you.Originally Posted by nolesooner View Post
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Do me a favor and next time you see Bob make sure you let him know your concerns and that your tired of him allowing us to be the laughing stock of CF....and don't forget to let him know you started a thread on a ****ing message board about it. I know the anti Bob crowd loved it and you're now their hero but I doubt Bob will see it that way. Sorry to come down hard on you but if you don't think he can fix it and we will continue to slide then step up to the plate and let him know. I'm sure most of this crowd will champion that position.Originally Posted by DRminimega67 View Post
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shut the **** up already you ****ing skinny runt. Everyone gets it, there needs to be changes, but you and your ****ing big bird neck need to chill out and shut the **** up...you are embarrassing yourself.Originally Posted by nolesooner View Post
There is a middle here boys (and Mcrib)...there needs to be changes...I think most would agree. There might be a laundry list of them, honestly I just see the top issues and that is talent, and our OC (again my opinion). No need to go ****ing full retard ( or BoomerMagic) and talk about how this once was the best program in the nation like Bob has not had it there before and it was all Bud and Barry...Bob brought this ****ing program back...sure Gibbs did pretty good, but not by most of your standards. I am on board, I agree as I posted early, Bob is too damn loyal and needs to admit he has made some back choices....
2 users like H82Lose's post: McRib, SarasotaSooner
I'm not anti Bob and never said I was. Not sure where you got that I said that. Good Lord.Originally Posted by SoonerPT View Post
I also agree we need changes at OC. I love Josh and will admit I thought he would do a much better job but have been very disappointed. OU won't go full retard and replace 6 coaches but people have to be held accountable and Bob needs to evaluate and determine who needs to go. I hope he can do this but honestly I have concerns.Originally Posted by H82Lose View Post


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900 MHz ISM Band Analog RF Front End
Features and Benefits
- 840 MHz to 960 MHz ISM bands
- Rx baseband analog low-pass filtering and PGA
- Integrated RF Tx upconverter
- Integrated integer-N PLL and VCO
- Integrated Tx PA preamplifier
- Differential fully balanced architectures
- 3.3 V supply
- See Data Sheet for Additional Information
Product Details
The ADF9010 is a fully integrated RF Tx modulator and Rx analog baseband front end that operates in the frequency range from 840 MHz to 960 MHz. The receive path consists of a fully differential I/Q baseband PGA, low-pass filter, and general signal conditioning before connecting to an Rx ADC for baseband conversion. The Rx LPF gain ranges from 3 dB to 24 dB, programmable in 3 dB steps. The Rx LPF features four programmable modes with cutoff frequencies of 330 kHz, 880 kHz, and 1.76 MHz, or the filter can be bypassed if necessary.
The transmit path consists of a fully integrated differential Tx direct I/Q upconverter with a high linearity PA driver amplifier. It converts a baseband I/Q signal to an RF carrier-based signal between 840 MHz and 960 MHz. The highly linear transmit signal path ensures low output distortion.
Complete local oscillator (LO) signal generation is integrated on chip, including the integer-N synthesizer and VCO, which generate the required I and Q signals for transmit I/Q upconver-sion. The LO signal is also available at the output to drive an external RF demodulator. Control of all the on-chip registers is via a simple 3-wire serial interface. The device operates with a power supply ranging from 3.15 V to 3.45 V and can be powered down when not in use.
- 900 MHz RFID readers
- Unlicensed band 900 MHz applications
Product Lifecycle
At least one model within this product family is in production and available for purchase. The product is appropriate for new designs but newer alternatives may exist.
Product Details
This page contains ordering information for the evaluation board used to evaluate the ADF9010 900MHz ISM Band Analog RF Front End.
UG-476: PLL Software Installation Guide PDF
520 kB
520 kB
851 kB
Design Tools
ADI's ADIsimRF design tool provides calculations for the most important parameters within the RF signal chain, including cascaded gain, noise figure, IP3, P1dB, and total power consumption.
ADIsimPLL enables the rapid and reliable evaluation of new high performance PLL products from ADI. It is the most comprehensive PLL Synthesizer design and simulation tool available today. Simulations performed include all key non-linear effects that are significant in affecting PLL performance. ADIsimPLL removes at least one iteration from the design process, thereby speeding the design- to-market.
ADI has always placed the highest emphasis on delivering products that meet the maximum levels of quality and reliability. We achieve this by incorporating quality and reliability checks in every scope of product and process design, and in the manufacturing process as well. "Zero defects" for shipped products is always our goal.
ADF9010 Discussions
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The USA list pricing shown is for BUDGETARY USE ONLY, shown in United States dollars (FOB USA per unit for the stated volume), and is subject to change. International prices may differ due to local duties, taxes, fees and exchange rates. For volume-specific price or delivery quotes, please contact your local Analog Devices, Inc. sales office or authorized distributor. Pricing displayed for Evaluation Boards and Kits is based on 1-piece pricing.


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If you are a big spending, extreme-Liberal Democrat like Barack Obama, then you might be willing to grasp at any straw that might allow you to keep on spending more and more money. Last month, at a breakfasted hosted by Politico, Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner actually read out loud Section 4 of the 14th Amendment, arguing that a debt ceiling or debt limit may itself be unconstitutional. So while there are talks about deals and mini-deals as the U.S. Senate returns and budget – debt negotiations continue as the August 2 deadline approaches, might the Obama Administration now be considering just ignoring debt limits to spending altogether?
Section 4 of the 14th Amendment says the following: ″The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned.″ So what was Geithner′s point in reading this out loud at the Politico breakfast?
Basically, their point is that any limit on the National Debt is unconstitutional. The phrase ″shall not be questioned″ means that the federal government must pay its debts, no matter how much, according to the Constitution. One may also consider the Obama administration using this clause to silence critics who may question the validity of the National Debt. That to speak out on the subject of the public debt or debt ceiling is illegal.
Some in the Democrat brain-trust believe that Obama can use this 14th Amendment clause to basically side step the Legislative branch on the whole issue of any limit on public debt. The sad truth is that we already do. Since the Crash of 2008, some $20 Trillion dollars in bailouts, loans, and guarantees have been made by the U.S. government. That this year is expected to add another $5 Trillion dollars to that Netherworld of ″unfunded liabilities″ that is estimated to be somewhere between $67 Trillion dollars to as much as $200 Trillion. As I have been saying repeatedly here, the full story on just how deeply in debt the United States is is unknown by the public. It could be that really, nobody knows, even in the government, the true nature of our National Debt.
If Barack Obama and Timothy Geithner think they are going to get around House Republicans and the Senate at large playing this card, then they are truly grasping at straws. Section 4 of the 14th Amendment does not make any limit on a debt ceiling unconstitutional. Nobody is questioning the validity of the public debt, except maybe Ron Paul in his latest proposal for the Federal Reserve to just tear up the Treasury bonds they′ve been buying through quantitative easing. Should the Obama White House try this tactic, then it is high-time for starting the process of adding a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution to supersede this ploy. Otherwise, Obama, and whoever follows him, will feel free to keep the wild spending spree going indefinitely.


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Shallotte Fire Chief Paul Dunwell always says one of the main goals of the department is to reduce the number of fires in the district by educating the public about fire safety and having the proper preventive measures in place.
Dunwell, fire marshal Andrew Thompson, members of the Shallotte Fire Corps, the department's volunteers, as well as the paid firefighters are always planning new ways to educate the public, especially through their "fire and life safety education" initiatives.
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Lot 72: Group of three Native American Beaded Fetishes
December Gallery
by Link Auction Galleries
December 3, 2016
St. Louis, MO, USA
Live AuctionSold
Looking for the realized and estimated price?
Group of three Native American Beaded Fetishes
in geometric shapes and patterns.


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In this great city of ours, one could eat a different sandwich every day of the year—so that's what we'll do. Here's A Sandwich a Day, our daily look at sandwiches around New York. Got a sandwich we should check out? Let us know. —The Mgmt.
After sampling the impressively over-the-top loaded tater tots known as the Wolf Attack at Lower East Side late-night snack joint Wolfnights, we felt it was our duty to follow up with some of their wrap sandwiches, prepared with housemade flatbreads.
We were intrigued by the description of the Carnivore's Delight ($8.95), which boasted meatballs, a sunny-side up egg, and sumac onions wrapped up in a delectable-sounding date and pumpkin seed flatbread. When we unwrapped our sandwich, we were disappointed to discover a plain white wrap in its place. But we did like the meatballs inside, which were a bit dense but nicely charred, and the egg, perfectly cooked with a soft yolk. When paired with a mustard horseradish sauce and a pickle (the latter not mentioned on the menu), this sandwich tasted remarkably like a Big Mac, albeit a classed-up one.
99 Rivington Street, New York NY, 10002 (map)
About the author: Lauren Rothman is a former Serious Eats intern, a freelance catering chef, and an obsessive chronicler of all things culinary. Try the original recipes on her blog, For the Love of Food, and follow her on Twitter @Lochina186.


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It happens every spring — potholes.
You'd think that, with 15 storms this winter that together dropped more than 5 feet of snow, Philly would have set a new snowfall record, but, no, it didn't. There's still time, of course, to move up to No. 1. Spring doesn't show up until the afternoon of March 20. Try to think warm thoughts until then.
City streets dimpled with more than 11,000 potholes.


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kaddu ki sabzi recipe – here again another of the pumpkin recipes that can be made on regular days and also during navratri. this kaddu or pumpkin sabzi is a favorite at home. kaddu ki sabzi is also known as petha sabzi or kaddu ki sabji.
kaddu is the hindi word for pumpkin. and this recipe only has pumpkin, pumpkin and pumpkin in it 🙂 so a must try for all pumpkin lovers.
the recipe is another wonder from my mother in law's collection. best to have the kaddu sabzi with pooris. it also goes well with ajwain parathas, plain parathas or phulkas. during the fast, we have it with singhare ki pooris or rajgire ki poori.
the kaddu ki sabzi recipe is easy and simple. only cutting and peeling the kaddu takes some effort and time. but i found an easy method to peel the kaddu… but this method only works with smaller pumpkins not bigger ones 🙁
few more simple and easy kaddu recipes on the blog are khatta metha kaddu, kaddu halwa and pumpkin erissery.
place the whole small pumpkin on a large plate or thali or on the table top. firmly keep your hand on top of the pumpkin. with the peeler in your other hand start to peel the pumpkin from sideways. keep on rotating the pumpkin with the other hand which is on top of it. work with both your hands in this manner till the pumpkin is peeled from all sides.
in the pic above you cannot see my hand on top of the kaddu as i am holding the camera in that hand 😉
forgive me about the peeler… the peeler in the pic is old but is very very sharp and is a great help in peeling carrots, potatoes, cucumbers and of course pumpkins.
once the kaddu is peeled, you start to chop the kaddu and you see the pith and the seeds. so what you do with the seeds? don't throw them away.
if you have a garden, then plant the seeds… and if you have a garden or if you don't have a garden then dry the seeds in the sun. when they are dried, roast them with some salt and have it in your food. pumpkin seeds are very nutritious and healthy. you can also roast or toast the pumpkin seeds in the oven.
the recipe of kaddu sabzi is easy and does not use more ingredients. the flavoring comes from the addition of methi seeds (fenugreek seeds) and jeera (cumin seeds). of course we add our usual indian spice powders to this recipe like turmeric powder, red chili powder and garam masala powder. some sugar/ jaggery is added for that sweetness which fuses subtly with the sweetness of the pumpkin.
i paired the kaddu sabzi with the jeera aloo and the combo was nice. we all loved it and i plan to make this combo again and again. the tangy jeera aloo with the sweet kaddu sabzi… goes great with pooris, parathas or rotis.
if you are looking for more fasting recipes then do check jeera aloo, sabudana pakora, sabudana khichdi, vrat wale aloo and singhare ke atte ki poori.
note: if making this kaddu sabzi for fasting or vrat then skip the fenugreek seeds, turmeric powder and garam masala. you can refer to this compiled list of ingredients allowed during navratri fast.
kaddu ki sabzi recipe details below:
- 1 small pumpkin (kaddu)
- ¼ teaspoon fenugreek seeds (methi seeds)
- 1 teaspoon cumin seeds (jeera)
- 1 or 2 dry red chilies (optional)
- ½ teaspoon red chili powder (lal mirch powder)
- ½ teaspoon turmeric powder (haldi)
- ¼ teaspoon garam masala powder
- 1 teaspoon dry mango powder (amchur)
- 1 teaspoon sugar or 2 teaspoon crushed jaggery
- 2 tablespoon oil
- ¾ cup water or 1 cup water
- a few chopped coriander leaves for garnishing (optional)
- rock salt or sendha namak (or you can use common salt if not making during religious fasting)
wash the pumpkin. peel and chop the pumpkin.
in a pressure cooker or pan heat oil.
add the fenugreek seeds and cumin seeds and fry for a minute on a low flame.
now add the red chilies and fry for some 15 seconds.
add the chopped pumpkin and all the dry spice powders except garam masala and dry mango powder.
add the sugar or jaggery.
mix the pumpkin with the rest of the spices and sugar/jaggery. add water and salt.
cover the cooker with a lid and pressure cook for 7-8 minutes.
if you do have a pressure cooker than cover the pan with a lid and cook the pumpkin for some 15-20 minutes till they become soft and mushy.
now mash the cooked and soft pumpkin with a spoon and add the garam masala and dry mango powder.
stir the mashed pumpkin well and cook for minute or two.
if the sabzi still looks watery to you, then evaporate the water from the sabzi by cooking it without the lid.
the sabzi should not be dry nor watery, just in between.
garnish with coriander leaves and serve kaddu ki sabzi hot.
measuring cup used for ingredients is: 1 cup = 250 ml


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Some night shots of Rizal Boulevard. For Zaizee, members of NWW45, and all those who miss the early evening scene of the famous Dumaguete boardwalk.
The boulevard really isn't as full of people in the evenings as it is in the mornings, but it's no less interesting.
At night, it becomes the domain of peanut vendors, lovers, and casual strollers.
Shame about the lights they strung around on the acacias, though. It's killing the trees, but the local government and big business are too dense to put a stop to it. Sigh.
Sunday, June 25, 2006
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- KCII Radio - http://kciiradio.com -
Pasta Dinner
Posted By News On @ 5:34 pm In Calendar | Comments Disabled
Title: Pasta Dinner
Location: West Chester United Methodist Church 403 Franklin St. in West Chester
Description: The West Chester Community Action Team is holding a Pasta Dinner on January 9th, from 4:30-7:30 PM at the West Chester United Methodist Church 403 Franklin St. in West Chester. It will be a free will donation. Proceeds will be used towards the purchase of a security camera at City Hall, The Park and the Heritage Building. The Public is welcome.
Date: 2010-01-09
Article printed from KCII Radio: http://kciiradio.com
URL to article: http://kciiradio.com/2010/01/pasta-dinner/
Click here to print.
Copyright © 2005-2013 KCII Radio


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Volleyball a hit at Nelson's Trafalgar
Marley Reynolds serves the ball for Nelson's Trafalgar Middle School volleyball team.
The Trafalgar Middle School senior girls volleyball team has enjoyed a busy few weeks on the court. Late last month they hosted teams from Salmo and Castlegar in an afternoon playday. Enthusiasm for the girls program is high with coach Staci Proctor running 30 girls through practice on a regular basis. The team is currently preparing for another mini-tournament at Mount Sentinel next week. Mount Sentinel also hosts the West Kootenay playoffs November 24.
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King Faisal set to announce Mallam Yahaya's successor
By Patrick Akoto
King Faisal are hoping to announce Mallam Yahaya's successor as soon as possible.
The ex-Ghanaian international resigned from the club on Tuesday after citing interference from the management team.
The ex-Borussia Dortmund player took charge of the team following the dismissal of Stephen Abugri.
Abugri guided the team back to the elite division after a just a year in the lower division but was kicked out after a quarrel with club president Alhaji Karim Gruzah.
The Kumasi-based side have now entered the market in search of Yahaya's successor.
This article has 1 comment(s), give your commentjon says:
January 08, 2013 07:12 pmi hear a kumasi based CAF LICENSED 'A' coach is on de line,,,,WHO IS HE?


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We scratch our heads, we rub our eyes, but we're still seeing it!
Debby Ryan
Poor thing! Debby Ryan's being attacked by her dress. Where are the police? They need to make an arrest.
Read How to Organize Your Life with Pinterest
Jordin Sparks
Jordin Sparks dress looks like a Project Runway quick challenge: Take a cowboy shirt and turn it into a badly fitting dress. ACK!
Cat Deeley
We feel like Cat's new nickname should be "Tinfoil Pants."
Ashley Benson
Is Ashley Benson also doing a stint as a chorus member of Grease?
Demi Lovato
Seriously? Seriously?! Demi Lovato looks like she ran away from the circus!
Tell us: Who were your best and worst dressed of the night?
PJ Gach is Senior Editor: Style + Beauty at BettyConfidential.


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February 22, 2012
A year ago at the Wisconsin protests: Jesse Jackson — with Tammy Baldwin at his side — held court in the Capitol.
By the way, we have much more video of these 2 moving about in the crowd, interacting with people. Meade followed them around for a long time.
And here are some of Meade's stills from that day — for example, a sign reading "If you voted for Walker, then you voted for Nazism."
Meanwhile, the Democratic senators were hiding out in Illinois.
40 comments:
- traditionalguy said...
I thought the Fleabaggers were going to stay in Illinois until walker caved. But the quorum issue was end-arounded by Walker, but I forget how.
Meade did a difficult reporter's job well last year, and that is not flattery, he really did it just right. - 2/22/12, 10:37 PM
- Jaske said...
Reverse cafe, time travel.
- edutcher said...
Forgot about the Tilted Kilt. We haven't had such a glorious moment in the history of the Democrat Party since the Chap of Quiddick and the Friend of Angelo invented the Waitress Sandwich.
Second that, tg. - 2/22/12, 10:58 PM
- chickenlittle said...
Jackson does look at easy and comfortable around children whereas Baldwin looks repelled by them. Not sure how well that optic will play outside of Madison.
- Titus said...
Please join me in protesting and calling out all girl scouts.
They are members of radical fems and homos.
No girl scout cookies ever again. And make sure you let the 8 year old who is selling this crack know it.
Family Values!
Republican Values! - 2/22/12, 11:08 PM
- Love said...
Meade is one creepy dude.
- Love said...
traditional suck up - "Meade did a difficult reporter's job well last year, and that is not flattery, he really did it just right."
Ann...give the little guy a cookie. - 2/22/12, 11:44 PM
- Methadras said...
Marble mouth... No wonder there are games solely related to trying to understand what this jackass says.
- Carnifex said...
I am O/T
There seems to be another death of an ICE agent as a result of FF. Only the DOJ denies it was FF. It was a program similar to, but definitely wasn't FF.
Texas recently sentenced Manuel Barba for trafficking a gun that was used by a Mexican drug cartel to ambush, and kill ICE agent Jaime Zapata. The most open administration ever failed to notify the Zapatas family, or his partner, who was shot but wasn't killed, that anyone had been arrested and tried for the crime.
In fact, the DOJ has denied the families FOIA requests for information about the shooting.
I feel safer already. - 2/23/12, 12:17 AM
- Lem said...
Meade is one creepy dude.
Is that so?
What is a Reverend.. that hid a child out of wedlock while "ministering" to president Clinton's Lewinsky affair.. doing in Madison?
IMHO It is the Reverend/Shakedown artist that you should be creeped out by..
Cloth abuser #1. - 2/23/12, 1:05 AM
- Jaske said...
I bet,
Ann advises a politician
S/he wins.
Reporter: Ann, what is your job?
Ann: Why do you have ink? - 2/23/12, 5:55 AM
- edutcher said...
Well, give Titus credit.
He vindicates the old stopped clock wheeze.
WV "itsEurfo" What we'll say when we follow Greece. - 2/23/12, 6:04 AM
- Fen said...
One thing I enjoy about these "looking back a year ago" posts is the whining of our Lefty guests. They really hate it when you turn the lights on. I think they're struggling with their shame. Which means they *do* have a soul afterall. Who would have thought?
- Curious George said...
Ha, remember this? The Koch's were going to steal the power plant!
"roesch-voltaire said...
We must hurry and pass this bill before the Dems return so that that the Koch folks can clean up--16.705 (1), the department may sell any state−owned heating, cooling, and power plant..."
I guess the Koch's didn't get the libtard memo... - 2/23/12, 7:16 AM
- pm317 said...
I don't understand the point of these 'one year ago..' posts. Why? First time around, they were boring and you think we will find it interesting second time around rehash?
- Lem said...
"I don't understand the point of these 'one year ago..' posts."
States are not allowed to incur debt.. they have to balance their budgets.
Our federal government however can borrow money on our behalf and does.. frequently and massively.
Wisconsin's Governor Walker set about to balance its budget in a responsible way and the protests ensued.. the protests covered by the MeadeHouse.
Some of our citizens as best exemplified by the tea parties believe our federal government should also start balancing its budget and stop if not at least slow the massive borrowing that is mortgaging our prosperity and that of future generations.. things that in the past have been deemed irresponsible.
Should the tea parties wishes come true it is very possible that the reactionary forces that gave us the Madison protests will come to life once again.. using the same tactics, slogans and so on.
I believe keeping fresh the memory of what happened in Madison will be to our great benefit.. for one the bubuzelas will be greater in numbers and therefore that much louder.
just saying.. not that this is necessarily what the professor has in mind. - 2/23/12, 8:42 AM
- chickenlittle said...
pm317 said...
I don't understand the point of these 'one year ago..' posts. Why? First time around, they were boring and you think we will find it interesting second time around rehash?
The old posts are like baseline measurements. They have comparative value to whatever today's take on the same issues.
They also serve as a mirror to those involved here. For some it's just narcissistic glimpse at our past selves. For others, it a rude reminder of the aging process--the aging of a phony visage. But if the ideals are true--they are ageless. - 2/23/12, 8:50 AM
- Lem said...
Sorry about the lack of commas.. I might be dificult to read.
- MadisonMan said...
Wisconsin's Governor Walker set about to balance its budget
...and failed. - 2/23/12, 8:53 AM
- Lem said...
Althouse used the word "accountability" in response to a similar question before.
- garage mahal said...
Wisconsin's Governor Walker set about to balance its budget
...and failed.
After all the bluster, a balanced budget never really even mattered. The budget deficit right now is largely than the deficit last year that necessitated the budget repair bill. What a bunch of fucking phonies. - 2/23/12, 9:04 AM
- Lem said...
...and failed.
You mean there is a "projected" shortfall.
I cant believe you are making me look this up Madisonman.
If you are going to object.. tell the whole story.
That $143 million shortfall is projected for the end of fiscal 2013; Wisconsin runs on two-year budget cycles. But this doesn't keep the state from tracking where its finances stand at any given time and -- you guessed it -- Wisconsin currently boasts a surplus. - 2/23/12, 9:08 AM
- bagoh20 said...
I simultaneously find it all boring AND fascinating.
Boring, because, being in Los Angeles, I'm used to seeing the left's complete abandonment of fairness, responsibility and logic in pursuit of taxpayer goodies and power - it's basically their raison d'être.
But I'm still fascinated at how:
1) They let themselves do it and proudly wear the embarrassment, seemingly completely unaware of how it looks to others.
2) Get away with it with so many people actually seeing their side as an equal, but just different point of view. It's clearly not, just on facts and simple fairness.
Demanding more from a broke government, and seeing your leaders running away as something noble in a democracy. My God, people, get a mirror! - 2/23/12, 9:11 AM
- TosaGuy said...
If we have a deficit, then we should follow the lead of the good Democrats of Illinois....cut people and programs, close prisons and other institutions and slash Medicaid. In a spirit of bipartisanship, Governor Walker should cut government like an Illinois Democrat.
- chickenlittle said...
The budget deficit right now is largely than the deficit last year that necessitated the budget repair bill. What a bunch of fucking phonies.
Maybe it's time to start herding the rich into special camps, garage. Their seized possessions could be put towards the medical and dental of state workers. - 2/23/12, 9:11 AM
- Lem said...
The projection probably assumes a static growth.. the projection is an assumption.. a theory.
And a wish? maybe.. just a little bit?
Like Rush said he wished Obama failed? - 2/23/12, 9:12 AM
- Jay said...
garage mahal said...
The budget deficit right now is largely than the deficit last year that necessitated the budget repair bill. What a bunch of fucking phonies.
And that would be false.
Is it even possible for you to post without lying? - 2/23/12, 9:16 AM
- Chuck66 said...
Civil rights 1950. End to lynchings
Civil rights 1960. Allow blacks to vote.
Civil rights 2011. Middle class white folk shouldn't have to contribute to their benefits and still should be able to retire at age 55. - 2/23/12, 9:28 AM
- garage mahal said...
Maybe it's time to start herding the rich into special camps, garage. Their seized possessions could be put towards the medical and dental of state workers.
Or seize mortgage fraud settlement money meant for homeowners to patch a hole in his budget, which Walker is doing. What a guy huh? - 2/23/12, 9:28 AM
- Lem said...
Despite political "projections", historically lowering taxes has actually increased tax revenue.
This is not a "projection" is just fact.. it has worked every time it has been tried.
Let producers keep more of their money and they produce more.. when they produce more they pay more taxes.. its not rocket science. - 2/23/12, 9:36 AM
- James said...
Doug LaFollette is running....
- Chuck66 said...
Dougy "don't ask me why I changed the spelling of my last name when I moved to Wisconsin" La Follette?
Madison Falk, Angry Vinehout, and 1960s LaFollette. - 2/23/12, 9:44 AM
- Bushman of the Kohlrabi said...
Doug sounds like a real loser but I'm still leaning towards Kathleen "quid pro quo" Falk. She seems to be the most entertaining of the group.
- James said...
They probably think they are running for Madison City Council seats.
- Ann Althouse said...
"I don't understand the point of these 'one year ago..' posts. Why? First time around, they were boring and you think we will find it interesting second time around rehash?"
Well, right now, Tammy Baldwin is trying to get the Democratic nomination to run for the open U.S. Senate seat. People might want to check out how she looks in this video, which is available to be used in ads against her. You might want to concentrate on the part where she looks like Jackson's puppet. Also note how she relates to the people — and these are her people. Picture her campaigning around the state. - 2/23/12, 10:09 AM
- Ann Althouse said...
And calling my posts "boring"... that's a shibboleth of lefties.
I'm also "stupid" too, don't forget.
Why does anyone read me? - 2/23/12, 10:10 AM
- bagoh20 said...
"Why does anyone read me?"
Oh, OK, we get no credit whatsoever. Look, we don't hate you enough to keep coming back, but we do hate each other that much. Get off your high horse, you look ridiculous Ms. Godiva. - 2/23/12, 10:52 AM
- Roger J. said...
"why does anyone read me...? Channeling titus: because you have great tits? apologies to both Titus and the Professor, but it was a high hanging curve ball.
- James said...
No one is forcing pm317 to read these posts. If he/she wants incessant chatter about Hillary Clinton, as frequently demanded, he/she could head over to Hillbuzz.
- Methadras said...
Fen said...
Which means they *do* have a soul afterall.
Soul? Leftads don't have souls. They sold their souls to their ideology long long ago. - 2/23/12, 12:32 PM


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Nocturno Culto
The Misanthrope (DVD)
July 2008
Released: 2007, Peaceville Records Rating: 2.0/5 Reviewer: Lord of the Wasteland What do you get when you cross a Norwegian black metal legend and a video camera? No, this is not a bad joke. Rather, the result is Darkthrone's Nocturno Culto's first foray into filmmaking, THE MISANTHROPE. Minimalist in every way possible, THE MISANTHROPE is more of an art piece than a true "film." Essentially, this is a mismash of clips sewn together with creepy ambient music and bizarre interludes. The natural beauty of Norway is captured in picturesque vistas but the scenes of a coffin being drug around in the snow and of an old circus performer whose dog lives in a rusted-out car certainly downplay the feel of relaxing solitude. Atmospheric and weird, THE MISANTHROPE is, at best, worthy of a single viewing and, at worst, utterly pointless and frustrating. Darkthrone fans will revel in the raw footage of rehearsals for SARDONIC WRATH, as well as early live performances of "Archipelago" and "Thulcandra." Darkthrone prodigies, Aura Noir and Gallhammer, get some screen time as well, but the majority of the hour-long main feature is composed of ice fishing footage, cross-country skiing, Knut, a former circus performer, who lives as a recluse in the Norwegian wilderness and tells time using the sun and the creepy-as-hell coffin-dragging. A bonus CD of seven instrumental tracks composed by Nocturno Culto is included, as well. These songs make up the score of THE MISANTHROPE and serve as good background music but little else. THE MISANTHROPE is a tough sell to anyone, even the most die-hard of Darkthrone fanatics. The press information that accompanied the DVD quotes Nocturno Culto as saying "[THE MISANTHROPE is] a totally weird film with no actual information, but with atmosphere and self-irony." In that, he succeeds but for the viewer, it is an hour better spent doing…well, just about anything else.
Track Listing
Disc #1 - DVD
Nocturno Culto—Vocals/Guitar/Bass
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text: Make Your Own Tonic Syrup for Better Tasting CocktailsPatrick Allan2/11/16 3:00pmFiled to: cocktailscookingdrinksalcoholtonictonic water177EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalinkIf you're looking to up your cocktail game, this tonic syrup is easy to make, and can be customized by adding your own special ingredients.Tonic goes great with gin and vodka, and Chad Eschman at VinePair shares his method for making some killer tonic syrup you can use on your own custom cocktails at home. You'll need one and a half cups of water, one and a half teaspoons of chopped Cinchona bark, and one cup of cane sugar. Bring the water to a boil in a small saucepan, then add your Cinchona bark and any other additional ingredients you may want (like citrus zest). Simmer for about a half hour, let it cool, then use a French Press to separate the liquid from the ingredients. Then add your cane sugar to your liquid in a sealed glass container and shake it up. When you're ready to make a cocktail, add about a half ounce of syrup to some sparkling water and you'll have some great-tasting homemade tonic water. You can find the complete recipe at the link below.


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i think it needs a border and something else. im just trying to learn here, so anything would be nice. i mean anything even if its harsh.
This is a discussion on anything i can do better with this pic? within the Member Show-Off & Photography forums, part of the Community - Meet other Enthusiasts category; i think it needs a border and something else. im just trying to learn here, so anything would be nice. ...
i think it needs a border and something else. im just trying to learn here, so anything would be nice. i mean anything even if its harsh.
Last edited by KoreanBeefcake; 01-18-2006 at 10:29 PM.
i used a little verdugo touch and got this.
im lovin this photography stuff lol.
Last edited by KoreanBeefcake; 01-18-2006 at 10:29 PM.
Man that would make a killer poster or something along those lines. Good job.
Originally Posted by KoreanBeefcake
i think a white frame with little black border is better for very dark B&W pictures, but that's just my opinion, and i don't have PS at work to post it.
crop it so hes not in the center. and move your blacks up, it lacks contrast
I was going to say something similar (cropping)...Originally Posted by c00lbeans
However I was looking at it in photoshop. The best point to put the guitarist compositionally is top-left I think. However, if you crop that picture like that, you lose the light on the top left of this photo, and the image loses a lot of depth unfortunately. It just didn't look as interesting.
That being said, I think the best thing to save this photo would be if the koreanbeefcake would have waited til the guitarist moved a bit to the left, or if he walked to the right 20 ft. or so and took the shot from there. It's difficult to do anything with this compositionally IMHO.
Turtles are nature's suction cups.
and the cut leg in the far right's gotta go too
isnt he the main part of the photo though and should be centered? hmm...guess i better read up some more on those stickys.Originally Posted by c00lbeans
im not understanding "it lacks contrast" how would i fix this? just play with the contrast??
thanks fellas.
Instead of making it a landscape shot, how about making it a portrait shot?
That's actually like the anti-ruleOriginally Posted by KoreanBeefcake
Check these links for some pretty good lessons on composition:
Myke - good work. That's probably the best compositionally I think we could have gotten from that shot.
Turtles are nature's suction cups.
look at your black border, then look at the back of the epeoples heads. there is a huge diff in shades. the back of there heads should be black.