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Zzzzzzzzip it! We love the sound, the look and the functionality of zippers. But most of us are not so in love with installing them in our sewing projects. In fact, there's probably no sewing technique more dreaded than learning how to properly install a zipper. If you're a regular S4H visitor, you know that's a challenge we can't walk away from. Today, you are going to learn how to master this technique. Once you've done so, one warning: anyone who finds out about your new skill will be dropping off all kinds of items with broken zippers on your front porch. Ha! Pull them inside, and teach them how to do it themselves!
Interestingly, Elias Howe, the same man credited with inventing the sewing machine, received a patent in 1851 for the first zipper, which he called: "Automatic, Continuous Clothing Closure." It's speculated that due to the popularity of his first invention, he never produced this very early version of the zipper.
The zipper's next debut was at the Chicago World's Fair in 1893. This version, called the "Clasp Locker," was designed by Whitcomb Judson as a shoe closure.
In 1913, a Swedish-American engineer named Gideon Sundbäck designed the more recognizable zipper while working for the Universal Fastener Company. Its sole purpose at the time was for military use on boots, life vests, and flying suits during WWI. Sundbäck received a patent in 1917 for a version with additional teeth and a slider, which he called the "Separable Fastener."
In 1923, Benjamin Goodrich took Sundbäck's design into the modern age by installing zippers into everyday rubber boots and tobacco pouches. It was the sound the zipper made when opening and closing that gave Goodrich the idea for the official name we know and love today: the Zipper.
If you think these gentlemen are the main cause for zipper anxiety, think again! In 1930, it was the fashion industry that began to use zippers on children's clothing and in men's trousers The zipper made it easier for children to dress themselves, and men would no longer be embarrassed by wrongly-buttoned fly closures. The zipper quickly became all the rage and we've never looked back.
With such a long and interesting history, it's not surprising to find zippers everywhere today, from your favorite jeans to NASA space suits, as functional closures or pretty embellishments. They're available in a variety of types, lengths, sizes (meaning the size of the teeth) colors and finishes.
Zippers can be made of metal, plastic or nylon, and are fitted on a woven or knitted tape made of cotton, cotton blend or polyester. The teeth on zippers are constructed in one of three ways, either chain, molded or coil.
Based on the above parameters, zippers are grouped into a specific list of types. In addition, the type of zipper you choose should be specific to your selected project and fabric. For example, a heavy metal zipper is not traditionally the choice for delicate cotton voile.
Types of zippers
This is the most common type of zipper, and the one we will be using in the installation steps below. It's probably the one you'll end up using the most as well, since it's applicable to so many kinds of sewing projects. It has a pull at the top and a stop at the bottom and comes in a wide array of colors. Lengths are generally between 4" to 22". Specialty shorter and longer versions are often available too, but in fewer color options.
These are the zippers that we find in jackets, hoodies, etc., which open at both ends. They're available in a variety of lengths, usually from 12" to 48" and can be found in both plastic and metal versions.
Most likely you've owned a garment (probably a snow jacket) with one of these crazy zippers. They have two pulls at the top and bottom so you can open them in either direction at the same time. They are also the type most likely to come in the longest lengths, ranging from 26" to 48".
There's also a two-way version of this zipper, which allows you to zip it closed from either end with the pulls meeting in the middle. This is the type used on larger bags, luggage and in upholstery cushions. We used this type of zipper on our recent Renaissance Ribbons - Designer Barrel Tote.
This is designed to be applied to a reversible garment and is also separating. In order for the zipper to work properly on either side, there is a dual zipper pull at the top.
Blue jean
Chances are you're familiar with this one! It's made of metal in a brass finish and available in shorter 6" to 9" lengths.
Decorative and Specialty
Zippers can be used for everyday functionality, for a special purpose, or simply as embellishment. There's a huge range of decorative and specialty versions available. Below are examples of decorative, metallic and water resistant. Later this week, we have a tutorial coming up that uses a zipper with rainbow-colored teeth!
This zipper is so mysterious... you can't even see it! That's where it gets its name. Actually, the coils are attached under the tape, making the teeth seem invisible, but rest assured... they are there. Like its conventional counterpart, this type of zipper is available in a wide range of colors and lengths, usually from 9" up to 22".
NOTE: We have a separate tutorial coming up later this week on this type of zipper installation.
On a roll or by the yard
In the home decorating section of your fabric store, you can find very large zippers made of metal and plastic. These are designed to be used in very large projects, such as seat cushions. Some come on a roll with multiple zipper pulls attached. You slide the pulls down the length of zipper, except for the one you need, then cut the length of zipper required for your selected project. Save the extra zipper tape and pulls for future projects
If you purchase zipper by the yard, you have to add the zipper slider/pull yourself on one end. The other end is usually sewn into a seam. This type is usually only available in basic colors, like black and white.
The ones described above are the most common zipper types, but if you start looking closely, the zipper universe gets quite large. You can find special zippers for: sleeping bags, marine use, gaiters, robes, slipcovers, coveralls, purses, pockets, lightweight applications, heavy jackets, extra long openings, parkas, etc. Even using just the zipper tape itself has become a popular form of trim. We used it in our Bucket Style Purse With Zipper Tape Trim project.
It's clear to see the zipper has come a long way since its days in WWI military boots! The most important thing to remember is to use the correct zipper for the application.
Anatomy of a (basic) zipper
Just when you thought we were done explaining all about the zipper, here's a quick overview of the anatomy. Why? Because if you understand what you're working with, chances are you'll have a more successful experience sewing it into your next project.
Top stops: The little metal thingies at the top of the zipper that keep the pull from going clear off the teeth.
Slider body: The mechanism that brings the teeth together going one way, and pulls them apart going the other.
Pull: The tab attached to the slider body so you can zip and unzip.
Teeth: Pretty obvious, but don't forget they can be coil or chain constructed.
Tape: The fabric the teeth are attached to and the part onto which you actually sew.
Guideline: Depending on the type of zipper you've purchased, the tape may have a subtle indentation along either side of the teeth. This where you sew when doing a basic installation.
Bottom stop: Holds the zipper together at the bottom and keeps the pull from coming off the bottom.
Top and bottom tape extensions: The portions of the tape that extend beyond the top and bottom stops. These extensions give you space beyond the zipper to help secure it in place within your project.
Supplies required
Zipper feet
Depending on your make and model of sewing machine, you should have a zipper foot in the standard accessories that came with the machine. If not, you will need to purchase one. Trying to install a zipper without the correct presser foot is probably what scares most people away from the task. Use the right foot for the job. While at your sewing machine retailer, ask about other types of zipper feet available. Below are the zipper feet we use on our studio machines, which are provided by Janome, our exclusive sewing machine sponsor.
- Zipper foot E: This foot should come standard with your machine. To sew along either side of a zipper, we snap the foot on and off, switching sides of the foot as we sew.
- Narrow-base zipper foot: This foot allows you to get super close to the teeth without breaking or damaging the needle/machine. The green screw on the back of the foot allows you to slide the foot to either side of the needle prior to sewing.
- Concealed zipper foot: This foot is specifically designed for use with an invisible zipper only. Again, we have an updated invisible zipper tutorial coming up later this week.
Other supplies
- The sewing machine needle and thread appropriate to your fabric type.
- A seam ripper.
- Interfacing; we prefer a fusible, but you can use a sew-in type too. It's traditionally recommended the area where the zipper will be installed be interfaced for extra strength and durability. You don't HAVE to interface every time, and we admit to not necessarily doing it in all of our projects. However, in our technique tutorials, we always like to give you all the steps for the very best outcome.
Installing a zipper
Before you rush over to your sewing machine to install a zipper, you have to review the type of installation you are going to do for your selected project. If you're following a pattern, it's easy to determine. If you're designing your own project, you want to think about how you want the zipper to look and function when sewn in place. For example, if you're sewing a zipper into the seam of a pillow, you will use a process similar to the one described below. But, if you're planning to sew a zipper into a pair of pants, that process is slightly different.
We are not covering step-by-step instructions for all of these specialty installation techniques. Our goal is to show you the standard steps to install an conventional zipper. Once you master that, you can branch out to all the options below. We may cover some of these specialty techniques in future tutorials as well, but until then, before attempting any of the zipper techniques listed below, be sure to fully research how each process is completed in a basic sewing book or from an Internet resource. Some are sewn from the right side, with the zipper underneath, some from the wrong side where you can see the tape of the zipper... each is unique.
The zipper is centered along a seam and equal distance from either side. This is the installation we describe in detail below because it's the one used most often in home décor and accessories. It is also a common installation for garments.
You see this most often on garments, especially along a front, back or side seam. The zipper is sewn close to the edge of one side of the seam, farther way on the other side of the seam, creating a lap of fabric over the zipper.
Inserted (or side placket)
This installation is similar to a centered zipper. The difference is the top and bottom of the zipper are sewn across, so your stitching forms a rectangle. You may have seen this on special occasion garments within a fitted side seam. The zipper's opening allows just enough room to get the dress on. For home décor, you might use this technique on a pillow back.
Installing a separating zipper takes some specific tricks. Ever have the zipper pull get caught on the fabric or lining of your jacket? The teeth of a separating zipper need to be fully exposed so it can function properly.
Fly front
It's pretty obvious the zipper sewn into the fly front opening of a pair of jeans is a unique process. It's sewn underneath, leaving only the curved topstitching on the outside visible.
A common zipper in sportswear, the best way to understand this one is to think about a fleece pullover with a zipper. The entire zipper is left exposed.
Contrary to the exposed zipper, these are hidden in the seam, which is why you can only achieve this look with an invisible zipper.
It's the moment you've been waiting for! Let's install a zipper.
Basic center installation of a conventional zipper
NOTE: As we do in majority of our technique tutorials, we are using a plain fabric and contrasting thread so you can focus on the installation technique. With zippers, you can use matching or contrasting thread; it all depends on the type of finish you want.
- Depending on the length of your zipper, there may be creases or folds from being in the package, which can effect the installation. So, your very first step is to press the zipper tape along either side of the teeth. You want a nice, smooth zipper. Be careful of the heat setting on your iron; you don't want to melt your zipper if it's made of plastic. This is also the ideal time to test that the zipper works perfectly. Zip and unzip it a few times.
- On the wrong side of the fabric, interface the area where the zipper will be installed. The strip of interfacing should be slightly longer than your zipper, and the same or slightly wider than your seam allowance.
- Depending on the type of project, you can finish the raw edge of the opening with a zig zag stitch on your sewing machine.
- Using the seam allowance appropriate for your project, machine baste the seam closed. Press seam allowance open. The seam allowance will depend on your project. The standard home décor seam allowance is ½", so that's what we've used in our example.
- On the right side, with a fabric marking pen, pencil, or chalk, draw a line ¼" from the seam on either side. This is going to be your stitching line.
NOTE: As you become more comfortable with sewing zippers, you can probably eliminate this step, but if you are just beginning, it is a very helpful guide. - Flip over the project so it is wrong side up to accurately center the zipper teeth on the seam. This is a VERY important step for success!
NOTE: As an extra help for beginners, it's okay to use pins to hold your zipper in place before securing it with one of the suggested methods below. Also, make sure the pull (the little tab) is pointing up so you can easily grab it to lower the zipper later. - To maintain this nicely centered position, you must secure the zipper in place. You can use simple straight pins, but experts will tell you these become cumbersome and are in the way when sewing. Because this technique requires you to sew with the zipper under the fabric, it's also very hard to see the pins.
- Here are the alternatives: You can hand baste the zipper in place with needle and thread. We prefer to do this. Why? Because it gives us the most control over the placement of our zipper.
- You can machine baste the zipper in place along the seam allowance only. This means you have to fold everything to one side so just the zipper and seam allowance are under the foot.
- You can place sewing tapeor scotch tape across the zipper, making sure not to tape across the bottom stop where you'll need to sew
- With your zipper secured (using your favorite option from those listed above), mark where the bottom stop is by placing a pin (or drawing a line) just beneath it on the right side of the fabric.
- Set up your sewing machine for a straight stitch. Lengthen the stitch slightly to accommodate the thickness of the layers of fabric, interfacing and zipper tape. We set our length at 2.5 mm.
- Attach a Zipper foot. As we mentioned above, we attach ours based on the side of the zipper we are going to sew.
- When sewing a zipper, you always sew both sides in the same direction. For a centered zipper installation, it's recommended to sew from the bottom up.
- Starting at the bottom of the zipper, beneath the bottom stop (where you placed a pin or drew a line), begin your stitch at one corner where the side and bottom intersect at a 90˚corner. To lock your seam, you can backstitch or leave a thread tail to be pulled through to the back and knotted. If your sewing machine has a lockstitch function (like our Janome) you can also use that.
- Sew across the bottom of the zipper. Stop, with the needle down, at the opposite bottom corner. Pivot and begin to sew toward the top of the zipper following your marked line.
- When you reach the pull, stop again - again with the needle down.
- Raise the presser foot. Reach under and gently slide the pull down past the foot. Trying to sew around the foot will result in a wavy stitching line.
NOTE: If your machine has a knee lift, now is a great time to use it! You can also see why we recommended keeping the zipper pull in the up position earlier in the steps. It is now much easier to grasp and slide down and around the foot. - Lower the foot back into position and continue to sew until you reach the raw edge. Backstitch to lock your seam. Remove the project from the machine. Pull the slide back up into position (in other words, zip the zipper all the way closed and make sure the pull is pointing up again).
- Replace and reposition the project so you can sew the opposite side.
- Starting back at the bottom, stitch in the same manner as above but along the opposite side. Be sure to start your stitching in the far corner, going over you previous bottom line of stitching. This double stitching will help reinforce the zipper at the bottom. Also, remember you will have to slide the pull out of the way again!
NOTE: Depending on the type of zipper foot, you may need to snap it off and back on in order to switch sides. That's what we did. - On the right side, use a seam ripper to remove the original basting stitches and expose the zipper.
You did it!
NOTE: Installing a zipper using the Inserted method, which you might use on the back or side of a pillow, is basically the same as the steps shown above. The only differences are that you would center the zipper within the seam (rather than placing it flush with one edge), and you would sew across BOTH ends of the zipper. Your finished stitching will look like an elongated rectangle. Give it a try on your next pillow project! We used an inserted zipper within the pocket of the lining in our Renaissance Ribbons - Designer Barrel Tote.
You may be wondering about the raw edge at the top of our zipper sample. Depending on the type of project, this area is finished in different ways. The majority of the time, you will sew across the top of the zipper just above the top stops. Then, you will trim away the excess at the top. You can also fold the excess back onto the zipper and tack it in place. It's really a personal choice. If you're following a pattern, this will be addressed as well as exactly where to place the zipper along the seam.
Projects using zippers
If you're feeling the urge to sew in a zipper now that you finally understand it, below are a few of our favorite Sew4Home tutorials where we used a zipper closure. Plus, we have a brand new zippered bag coming up this week in Ty Pennington's beautiful new fabric.
Zippered Pouch in Amelie's Attic by Melissa White for Rowan Fabrics
Renaissance Ribbons - Designer Barrel Tote
Weekend Wonders with Fabric.com: Zippered Pouches in Three Sizes
Re-imagine & Renovate: Laminated Toiletry Travel Bag
Quick & Cool Holiday Gift: Tasseled Clutch in Faux Leather
A Zippered Pencil Case Goes Back To School
Hints & Tips
- Your zipper should normally coordinate with your project fabric, but contrasting zippers are fun too.
- Always test to make sure the zipper actually works before you sew it into your final project. It's not unheard of to get a "lemon" of a zipper, and it's just tragic to find that out after you've put it in.
- You should purchase the appropriate length zipper for you project, but, if it's unavailable or if you have one one hand that is longer than needed but the perfect color, you can shorten a zipper by sewing a "thread stop" by hand or machine. Then, simply cut off the excess.
- If a separating zipper needs shortening this should be done from the right side. Using the same method as above, create a thread stop on either side of the zipper.
- Depending on what the zipper is made of, it may require preshrinking (just like your fabric). Check the content information listed on the packaging.
- To care for your sewn project, always close any zippers before laundering or dry cleaning.
- Once installed, any pressing along the zipper should be done with a pressing cloth to avoid impressions, shine or puckers.
- Depending on fabric type, you can add stay stitching along the zipper opening within the seam allowance. This is the same stitching you use along curves, such as necklines and princess seams.
- If you've miscalculated and need additional fabric along the edge of the fabric in order to install the zipper, you can add seam binding along the raw edges.
- If you are really fancy, you can fussy cut the seam area so your zipper seam is a perfect match when closed.
- You can insert a zipper by hand, but that's usually reserved for very specific fabrics and/or as a fine finish in couture garment sewing.
- In garment projects especially, it's important to finish the raw edges of the seam prior to installing the zipper.
- Know your zipper foot! Some slide left to right, some require you to move the needle, or like the one we used, some are snapped on and off to switch sides of the foot. Visit your sewing machine retailer for assistance if needed.
- At the fabric store (or on the Internet), you'll find other zipper-related items available, such as stops, waxes, lubricants, even special zipper pliers.
- Zipper manufacturers have downloadable reference charts available for the different types of zippers on their websites, such as this chart from our friends at Coats & Clark.
Sample Creation and Instructional Outline: Jodi Kelly


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Jersey Jeff
Drives: 1969 Camaro L89/T400 ~ 2015 ZL1 Join Date: May 2011
Location: Jersey
Posts: 500
DEALER ONLY Camaro Workbench Booklets
Pre-2010 Camaro production
DEALER ONLY Initial Order Workbooks -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Now, this is something you should have for your Gen 5 collection. While they last, I have an original supply of these PRE-OCTOBER 2008 published "Initial Ordering Workbooks" in FULL COLOR from GM. When I bought my 2011, the salesman and I hit it off, as I am 1969 Camaro owner too. He asked if I wanted to buy this supply, so I did. Here are a few pics from them. The picture of the 69 Camaro on one of the pages is really interesting as GM references the possible market for the new 2010! They are for sale for $10.90 each plus $3.95 shipping in the US. They will be safely packed to travel with cardboard so to make sure it arrives perfect. I will even include NEW 2011 full-color two-sided coupe and convertible promo right from Chevrolet Performance. (shipping out of the US is $13.95 Priority) If you email me, I will send you a Word.doc with a description of the 17 pages and a few more photos. I can invoice you first with PAYPAL or I accept USPS money orders. My email is email@example.com. You can also see that I'm a 99.8% satisfied seller on Ebay with over 1600 positive feedbacks on NOS 1958-1972 literature items I sell. My Ebay screenname is EXIT4L72. THANKS....Jeff L36L72LS3 You won't see anymore of there! After they are gone, they become more expensive as "collector items" because GM only printed whats out there!
Jeff x 2 |
Jersey Jeff
Drives: 1969 Camaro L89/T400 ~ 2015 ZL1 Join Date: May 2011
Location: Jersey
Posts: 500
Grab yours yet??
ANOTHER Satisfied Buyer on this booklet!
Hi Jeff, The booklet arrived today.Thank you so much for the great service. You sir are very trustworthy and honest. This booklet is going in my Camaro collection. We don't have this booklet in Canada so I'm very happy to have it. If you have anything special on the new Camaro in the future, send me an email. Thanks again ... Merci beaucoup... Joyeux noël et bonne année !! (Merry Christmas & Happy New Year, French Canadian) Luc
Jeff x 2 |
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subset: commoncrawl


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1965-1966 Mustang Alternator Wire Harness
OEM style alternator wire harness. Complete with original style connectors and wire coverings. Alternator to regulator harness, attaches to rear of alternator, plugs into main harness and ground wire. 1966 V8 alternator harness shown.
Love the harnesses From Stephen Davis of Winston-salem, North Carolina on 4/24/2011.
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Funny Auto Correct Fails about: animals
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Trying to make plans with a friend, but everything was still up in the air. I hate it when plans aren't solidified. Thank you, autocorrect, for making it sound like I have something against furry animals.
Best Of DYAC »
I was at the grocery store, and they have a metal roof. It was pouring rain… so then this happened.
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I never thought this sort of autocorrect indecent would ever happen to me… in fact, I had serious doubts that they ever really happened.


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By John Keegan
Vintage -- 87pp -- $10 paper
Is war dying out? Eminent military historian John Keegan ponders this question in his literate and provocative War and Our World. The short volume is composed of a set of lectures that Keegan, author of such magisterial works as The First World War and Fields of Battle, wrote in 1988 for the British Broadcasting System.
Keegan feels that "the worst of war is behind us," disappearing like the great European famines and the plagues that once threatened to eradicate mankind. To consider this proposition, he investigates the origins of warfare, the relationship between the state and war, and the experience of the individual.
Neither science nor anthropology offers conclusive discoveries about the wellsprings of aggression, Keegan finds. But the historical record shows that war emerged during the third millennium B.C., when pastoral societies developed counterattack forces to respond to savage raiders--themselves the remnant of nomadic hunting societies. By about 1300 B.C., the first military empire had emerged, in Assyria.
Are the state and war inseparable partners? By the 19th century, it may have seemed so, as the revolutionary French Republic set the pattern of compulsory military service. Western governments became "potent war-making agencies and...very little besides," says the author. But since 1945, he observes in the most interesting section, there has been a "progressive abandonment" of requirements for universal military duty, and armies are withering away across the globe. "Wherever electorates rule, most are withdrawing their consent from the state's right to make their sons soldiers," says Keegan.
War and militarism, it seems, have lost legitimacy. Until recently, Keegan writes, the public held a man's military service in high regard, thanks to a definition of civic honor dating from ancient times. Twentieth-century war, with its punishing duration and unparalleled destruction of life and property, has eroded this ethos. In a particularly affecting section, the author describes the consternation and sorrow of those on the home front during the World Wars. "The telegraph boy on his bicycle" became a terrifying specter, "a trigger for the articulation of the constant unspoken prayer, `Let him pass by, let him stop at another house, let it not be us."'
Keegan is an optimist, but he is also a realist. He knows that the use of troops is sometimes necessary, as in U.N. actions. He also finds cause for hope in international agreements, such as the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty. With the Bush Administration saying it intends to scrap this pact in favor of an antimissile system, readers may feel that the author's judgments are flawed. But take note, Mr. Rumsfeld: Keegan finds that almost every advance in modern military technology was heralded as a life-saving innovation. Instead, they often resulted in bloody, long-running calamities.
By Hardy Green


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West Side Business News & Notes
Medina shops participating in Small Business Saturday
MEDINA — Locally owned and operated shops in the Historic District of Medina will participate in Small Business Saturday Nov. 30. From 9 a.m. to 1 p.m., many shops on and around the Square will be open for shopping.
"Small Business Saturday started out as a marketing campaign for a huge credit card company, but then it took on a life of its own," said Matt Wiederhold, Main Street Medina executive director. "The name — Small Business Saturday — has a ring to it, and people began to really think about how important it is to shop locally owned and operated stores and restaurants. When you spend your paycheck locally, anywhere from 20 to 40 percent more stays in the local economy, rather than being sent to corporate headquarters or to pay franchise fees. We hear so many people say that they just love the Square and how quaint the city feels. What we're asking is that residents and visitors make a conscious decision to support Medina-based businesses."
The Medina Square and historic district feature free, on-street parking and parking in lots adjacent to the district.
Grandpa Joe's Candy Shoppe opening for the holidays
COPLEY — The grand opening and ribbon-cutting ceremony for Grandpa Joe's Candy Shoppe at River City Gift Shoppes will take place Dec. 5 at 8 a.m.
Grandpa Joe's Candy Shoppe is family owned and operated and provides candies, giftware, balloons and greeting cards intended to remind customers of their childhood memories.
Co-owners Roger and Kathie Joseph and Bob and Judy Gager will welcome the Copley Chamber of Commerce and guests at the 8 a.m. chamber meeting.
"Grandpa Joe's has something for all candy lovers, both young and old," said Judy Gager. "This is where old-fashion meets newfangled!"
Grandpa Joe's Candy Shoppe is located at 1265 S. Cleveland-Massillon Road. For more information, call 330-666-2563 or visit www.grandpajoescandyshoppe.com.
Stephanie Kist contributed to these reports.
More Business News
Calendar of Events
- PiYo with Morgan Webb - 3/28/2017
- Family Fishing - 3/29/2017
- Art For the Animals - 3/29/2017
- Pilates - 3/29/2017
- Warbler Warm-Up - 3/29/2017
...More Events


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Holiday Fitness Tips From Dancing With The Stars!
Chelsie Hightower shows how she stays fit year-round.
-Jane Farrell
We know a lot of DWTS fans who are just as awed by the professional dancers as by the celebrities. Their moves are silky-smooth, and what may be even more important, and their bodies are amazing.
But in between seasons, Chelsie Hightower and other dancers like Edyta Sliwinska and Kym Johnson have to keep up their rock-hard bods, and that can get a little complicated during the festive holiday season. To get through that danger zone, Chelsie, who's done a DVD with Edyta and Kym, told People magazine her most important rules:
Read Exclusive!6 Fitness and Nutrition Tips fron Celebrity Trainer Ramona Braganza
*You can eat what you want; just don't overeat. "If you deprive yourself, you'll want something more, give in and feel bad about it later."
*Keep up your activity level. "Every single day I do one hour of something – DVD workouts, dance. I use stretch bands. And when I'm traveling, I work out at the hotel."
*Work out with a buddy. "Anytime I want to buckle down and do something, my mom and I do it together. When you have a buddy, you have someone to talk to, to motivate you.
Chelsie didn't say it, but she, Edyta and Kym are probably hoping that you'll work out to their two newly released dance exercise DVDs, Dancing with the Stars: Fat Burning Cardio Dance and Dancing with the Stars: Ballroom Buns & Abs. And according to Chelsie, the DVDs are strictly hard-core. "I was huffing and puffing the whole time," she told People. Coming from a woman who rehearses eight hours a day during the DWTS season, that's quite a recommendation. You can buy the DVDs at amazon.com. (people)
Always check with your doctor before beginning an exercise program.
Jane Farrell is a senior editor at BettyConfidential.


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LeBoeuf Fountain Pen Company 1929
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Beautifully engraved certificate from the LeBoeuf Fountain Pen Company issued in 1929. This historic document has an ornate border around it with a vignette of an allegorical woman. This item is hand signed by the Companys President and Treasurer and is over 73 years old.
Certificate Vignette The company was incorporated in 1921 and was headquartered in Springfield, Massachusettes. The company went bankrupt in 1933. In 1995, a new company began producing pens using the famous LeBoeuf name. The company patented a method in 1919 for producing barrels and caps out of tubing versus drilling them out of rod stock. As a result, they were able to use materials different from other manufacturers which enhanced their look. They also utilized a barrel liner made of metal and claimed that the pens were unbreakable. All were lever fillers until 1930 thereafter used barrel liner to operate as full or half length sleeve fillers.
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Men's Nike Local MLB Cincinnati Reds T-Shirt
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There is a big difference between a true fan and a member of the bandwagon. This Nike MLB Local Tee adds some native flair to the classic MLB Tee style, showing what kind of fan you really are. Taking center stage on this shirt, of course, is your favorite MLB team. Featuring team colors and screen-print graphics on the chest, this shirt is sure to become a staple of your gameday attire in no time.


text: The Kamille Bidan wiki last edited by Jagged85 on 11/25/13 04:28AM View full history OverviewKamille Bidan is the protagonist of the anime Mobile Suit Z Gundam and as such appears in video games based on the series. He is the fifteen-year-old son of Franklin Bidan, a mobile suit designer, and researcher Hilda Bidan. At the start of the series, he lives on the Gryps space colony with his childhood friend and next-door neighbor Fa Yuiry.Kamille is an emotionally sensitive young man that is quick to anger. Part of this is due to his parents, both of whom seem to take more interest in their professional lives than to have anything to do with their son. Their home life is also strained by both Kamille and Hilda's knowledge of Franklin's obsession and affair with another woman, as well as Franklin's status as a member of the hated Titans.Exacerbating Kamille's youthful anger is the fact that his parents chose to give him a feminine-sounding name. To prove himself as a man, he dedicated himself to stereotypically "manly" pursuits, such as amateur mobile suit design competitions and martial arts. However, the story of Z Gundam truly kicks off when Kamille overhears Jerid Messa, a Titans pilot, make fun of his name. Kamille flies into a rage and decks Jerid, leading to a fist fight and Kamille's subsequent detainment and interrogation by the Titans. This simple act would serve as the beginnings of a rivalry that would span the series.Shortly thereafter, a battle breaks out when pilots from the AEUG lead by Quattro Bajeena invade Gryps and are subsequently discovered. Kamille, still furious with his rough treatment by the Titans, manages to steal a Gundam Mk. II unit and chooses to join Quattro's side. They escape the colony together.Over the course of the story, Kamille matures as a young man as he fights the Titans alongside the rest of the AEUG. He is also revealed to have Newtype powers, though he remains fragile and easily upset. Kamille bears witness to the deaths of numerous people close to him, including his parents, and particularly the Cyber-Newtype Four Murasame. He is eventually made the pilot of the Z Gundam, a mobile suit of his own design, and reunited with Fa.At the end of the series, Kamille is driven to bring an end to the conflict even as his friends continue to die around him. However, his tale ends tragically; upon delivering the fatal blow to the Titan's commander Paptimus Scirocco, himself a powerful Newtype, Paptimus uses his final moments to deliver a crippling attack to Kamille's mind. Left in a vegetative state, his gradual recovery serves as a subplot of the sequel TV series Mobile Suit ZZ Gundam.In the movie compilation trilogy Mobile Suit Z Gundam: A New Translation, Kamille's story is given a different ending. He manages to avoid being crippled by Scirocco and happily celebrates the AEUG's victory over the Titans with Fa. This new ending is largely due to Gundam creator Yoshiyuki Tomino, whose outlook on life changed after overcoming the depression that ruled his life in the 1980s and 90s.In Video GamesAs the protagonist of Z Gundam, Kamille has appeared in numerous games based on the franchise, as well as crossover titles such as the Super Robot Taisen series. Following the release of A New Translation, some games have chosen to depict Kamille based on his story in the movie trilogy, rather than on the original TV series. However, other games, such as Dynasty Warriors: Gundam 2 and 3, offer multiple scenarios to depict both outcomes. Depending on the game and the era in which it is set, Kamille is generally depicted as either piloting the Gundam Mk. II or the Zeta Gundam.Mobile Suit HistoryRX-178 Gundam Mk. IIMSZ-006 Zeta Gundam


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this is the deluxe rehabilitation package, a stark contrast to the mostly emergency work that's been done through the years to keep the building grunting along. [...]
"It's one of Frank Lloyd Wright's greatest works, and it's a masterpiece of modern architecture ... It's a building that changed a lot of architects' ideas about what architecture could do."
The $23 million comes from a variety of sources, including part of a $1.75M Getty grant to fix compromised concrete in "Important Modern Buildings", and $200K in federal funds for general repairs. Unity Temple is also one of ten FLW buildings recently nominated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. View full entry
"Modern architecture is a defining artistic form of the 20th century at considerable risk, often due to the cutting-edge building materials that characterized the movement." -Deborah Marrow
In news that will surely make Prince Charles sigh with displeasure, the Getty Foundation announced it is awarding $1.75 million of grants to help preserve 14 structures in the modern style, including Frank Lloyd Wright's Unity Temple, Walter Gropius' residence 'The Gropius House,' and... View full entry
Soon after the September 2010 theft, leaders of the Unitarian Universalist church and the restoration foundation assembled a team of architects, Wright scholars and others to help design precise replicas of the letters and determine how to attach them to the structure.
After extensive research, replicas were crafted and installed in May. As shiny as experts believe the originals looked when the church was dedicated in 1909, the new letters look brighter than the stolen ones...
— featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com


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The term disruptive innovation was coined by Clayton Christensen in his book 'The Innovator's Dilemma.' A disruptive innovation occurs when a new technology is developed that is lower cost and qualitatively inferior to existing approaches -- measured along the criteria of the existing market -- but offers other unique advantages to a new market. The new technology innovates faster than the established technology and eventually replaces the old technology at a lower cost, destroying the established players.
So calling the problem a "disease" is pretty close to the mark. The disease is not disruptive innovation per se, but the inability of established companies to react to it properly. Perhaps calling the "Disruptive Innovation Syndrome" would be a better word.
I have been in the IT business long enough to remember:
- Minicomputers displacing mainframes to the stratosphere
- Unix Workstations displacing minicomputers and forcing them out of existence
- Intel PCs doing the same to UNIX workstations
- Linux/Intel Servers doing the same to UNIX servers
- SSDs are starting to displace hard disk drives
- Tablets are displacing netbooks
- Innovative ideas originate at the lowest levels of the organization. Without an innovation culture, these ideas do not filter up to the top-level decision makers.
- New, low-cost technologies do not have an obvious market. Getting a go from top management to invest is difficult due to the risk and uncertainty of a small, new market.
- The new technology is unlikely to contribute significantly to the bottom line or growth of a large organization in the first years after introduction.
- Investment decisions are not made just once at the top, but on a daily basis by middle management over the life of the project. It's called 'allocating resources' and established customers with well known needs are a lower risk than uncertain new markets. So products for established customers get the best resources.
- The company's marketing "value network", i.e. its sales channels, marketing approach, and cost-structure are oriented toward existing customers. A company often literally does not know how to identify new customers or how to sell to new markets. Because margins and volumes are low, it is not financially interesting to do so.
What does it take to combat this syndrome?
Christensen argues that the technology itself is not the problem. It's the value network around the company which traps the company into its business model. The most successful approach he has observed is creating new business units which are independent of the existing business units and proportional in size to the target markets. IBM took this approach launching their PC business -- and went on to lose the market when it brought the PC division back into the fold, building closed, IBM-only devices which were slower and more expensive than their competition.
Apple takes a variation of this approach due to the extreme secrecy within the organization. Apple behaves like multiple start-ups which are in many ways unaware of each other, preventing much politics between the departments.
Steve Denning argues that companies need to have much more room for innovation. They need to adopt a culture of continuous innovation. The focus on the bottom line is counterproductive in the face of disruptive innovation.
What should you do? I don't believe these approaches are mutually exclusive. If you emphasize creating happy customers over the bottom line, then you know there are times to develop new customers and that a short term drop in profitability is a small price to pay for the long term survival and growth of the the company.
You need to create space to explore disruptive technologies. You need to recognize that much learning is involved and some attempts may fail. You need to identify new markets and new marketing approaches. You need to accept that the new approach will initially have lower volumes and probably always will have lower margins than your mature, existing products.
Once you decide that one product is a potential winner, you need to ensure focus. This means shielding the people and budgets from the pressures of your mature high-volume products. If you say 'A', and expect to get to 'Z', then you need to say, B, C, D, etc. until you get to Z. So if you are going to develop a disruptive product, you need to have top people working on it and you may not pull them off the new product development to support your cash cow.
Does the new venture have to be a separate business unit? A priori no, but there is a lot of practical experience which suggests this is a good idea.


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4dr SV
Starting at | Starting at 19 MPG City - 25 MPG Highway
The Quest has always distinguished itself in the bland minivan market by offering distinctive styling and unusual ergonomics. The 2013 Quest is no different. With a boxy rear end, a smirking grille and of course, Nissan's fun-to-drive attitude, the Quest is a tough package to beat.
The Nissan Quest remains unchanged for 2013, though a couple of trim levels have been updated with new equipment. The Quest LE now comes standard with the Around View Monitor system, which uses four wide angle cameras to give drivers a 360 degree view around the vehicle. Other changes include the option of a DVD entertainment system on the SV, though it is still standard on the LE.
The Quest has rather unconventional styling for a minivan. Underneath its skin, the Quest features a powerful conventional powertrain. All Quest models get a smooth 3.5L V6 engine and a continuously variable transmission. This combination is good for 260 horsepower to the front wheels.
Braking & Traction |
4-Wheel ABS | Std |
4-Wheel Disc Brakes | Std |
Traction/Stability Control | Std |
Tire Pressure Monitoring System | Std |
Passenger Restraint |
Driver Air Bag | Std |
Passenger Air Bag | Std |
Side Air Bag | Std |
Side Head Air Bag | Std |
Rear Head side Air Bag | Std |
Child Safety Locks | Std |
Road Visibility |
Fog Lamps | Std |
Intermittent Wipers | Std |
Variable Inter. Wipers | Std |
Accident Prevention |
Back-Up Camera | Std |
Handsfree Wireless | Std |
Security |
Alarm | Std |
Anti-theft System | Std |
Original Warranty |
Basic | 3 Years/36,000 Miles | |
Drivetrain | 5 Years/60,000 Miles | |
Corrosion | 5 Years/Unlimited Miles |
Nissan Certified Pre-Owned Warranty |
7-year/100,000 mile limited warranty. Only Nissan models less than 6 years old and under 80,000 miles qualify for the Nissan Certified Pre-Owned program. The CARFAX® Vehicle History Report ensures your vehicle has a clean title history. |
Age/Mileage Eligibility | Model years 2010-2015 & less than 80,000 miles. |
Lease Term Certified | Yes |
Point Inspection | 167 point comprehensive Certified Pre-Owned Inspection and reconditioning. Inspection includes OEM service bulletins and recalls, diagnostic trouble codes, powertrain/chassis, body frame, road test, interior and body exterior. |
Return/Exchange Program | No |
Roadside Assistance | Yes for the duration of the 7 year/100,000 mile limited warranty from the original in-service date of the vehicle. |
Special Financing | Yes |
Transferrable Warranty | Yes |
Warranty Deductible | $50 per claim |
Please enter your ZIP code to find vehicles for sale in your area.
Data on this page may have come in part, or entirely, from one or more of the following providers.
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AMSTERDAM — The European Parliament voted Thursday to stop Internet providers from charging for preferential access to their networks — a step cheered by consumer groups and startups but bemoaned by the telecommunications industry.
The bill on "net neutrality" forces Internet providers to treat all traffic the same regardless of its source. That will prevent major telecom and Internet providers such as Vodafone or Deutsche Telekom from reserving the best of their network for their own services, or selling the lions' share of bandwidth to big companies like Google and Netflix, while leaving a slower Internet for everyone else.
European Commission Vice President Neelie Kroes, who proposed the bill, hailed Thursday's 534-25 vote as "historic." She said it will help "to get rid of barriers and to make life less expensive" for consumers.
Small companies, consumer groups and online freedom activists cheered Thursday's vote.
"The beauty of this is that everybody with a laptop and an Internet connection can conquer the world," said Wienke Giezeman of the Amsterdam startup WappZapp, which offers a personalized video service.
But large European telecommunications companies protested, warning of dire consequences if net neutrality is enacted in all European countries. So far, only the Netherlands and Slovakia have adopted strong national net neutrality legislation. The telecoms companies say they are increasingly operating at a disadvantage to their counterparts in the United States, where a similar law was shot down this year.
"Europe's telecoms operators are facing decreasing revenues … compared with operators in the U.S. and Asia," said the GSM Association, an industry group for mobile phone companies.
To become law, the bill must be approval by EU leaders, likely at a meeting in October, and a flurry of lobbying is expected before then.
"Europe's big telcos will not take this Parliament vote laying down and will now bring out the big guns," said John Phelan of the European consumer rights organization BEUC.
He predicted the telecommunications companies will argue the reform package would cause them grave financial damage but added "there is scant evidence to that effect."
"It's a narrow market dominated by big players whose yearly revenue is increasing exponentially," he said.
Etno, an industry group of European telecommunications network operators, said the law will hurt consumers' access to not only online medical services and education but "would also affect existing services such as IP-TV, tele-presence and Virtual Private Networks for businesses."
Chairman Luigi Gambardella predicted "a dangerous situation in which the European digital economy will suffer and EU businesses will be put in a difficult competitive situation with respect to other regions."
In the U.S., net neutrality rules imposed by the FCC were struck down by a court in January. The following month, Netflix struck a deal with Comcast to pay for preferential treatment of Internet traffic bearing its film streams.
Netflix had complained Comcast had left it little choice but to pay or see the quality of its service deteriorate. Comcast shot back that Netflix should pay because it uses so much bandwidth. According to estimates by the Canadian Internet monitoring firm Sandvine, Netflix and Google's YouTube together account for about half of all U.S. Internet traffic.
Thursday's bill will also forbid Internet providers from blocking or hindering companies that compete with their own voice and messaging services, such as Microsoft's Skype and Facebook's WhatsApp.
Roaming charges that mobile phone users pay when traveling in other countries will also be banned within the European Union by 2016.
Etno estimates that telecommunications companies will lose 7 billion euros ($9.6 billion) in operating profits through 2020 as a result. Consumers, however, should benefit.


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Ah, 2013, you are drawing to a close, and I, for one, say good riddance mostly, and also, oh dear, it's time for those obnoxious year-end list roundup things where people natter on about books and music and pop culture and we all pretend to be acutely interested. I, of course, cannot resist putting my oar in when it comes to discussions about books, so here I am.
It's hard to keep track of all the things I read sometimes, which is a real pain when you're trying to assemble the obligatory year-end lists of things you enjoyed (or didn't), but I gave it a shot, and here, in no particular order, are my ten favorite books read in 2013.
"Inheritance," by Malinda Lo
I've been raving about this book all year, and with good reason. For one thing, I like the characters and the story, and I love the way Lo incorporated her love of the "X-Files" into the telling of a story swirling with government conspiracies, secret agents, and more. It's also really exciting for me to see poly relationships depicted in a very neutral way, presented as just one of many relationship configurations out there in the world.
This book goes on the list because, quite simply, it's a great book, and it means a lot to me culturally. Want to know more about it? Malinda Lo chatted with me here.
"Ancient, Ancient," by Kiini Ibura Salaam
What's this, you say, an adult book?! Yes, it's true, I read and enjoy grownup books too. This collection of short stories by Kiini Ibura Salaam has been sticking with me all year because it's just that kind of book: sensual, with vibrant, living prose that slithers all around inside of you and makes you feel squirmy and weird, in a mostly good way.
"Wild Awake," by Hilary T. Smith
Hands down, one of the best depictions of the onset of mental illness I read this year. Smith really did a fantastic job of capturing the descent from organized, functional life to total chaos, and the slow, determined struggle to get back out again. This book has truly liminal, sparkling, amazing prose, fantastic pacing, and brilliant storytelling. If you haven't read it yet, I insist.
The Girl of Fire and Thorns Trilogy, by Rae Carson ("The Girl of Fire and Thorns," "The Crown of Embers," and "The Bitter Kingdom")
This is technically three books, but I'm treating them as one for our purposes. I know I just talked them up the other day, but seriously, these books are amazing. For all you Tamora Pierce fans out there looking for a new Tortall, here it is. I love these books to pieces, for their strong, ferocious, and interdependent heroine, and for their immense descriptions of a well-built fantasy world.
"All Our Pretty Songs," Sarah McCarry
Aaaaaah this book, people. This book is amazing. It's like falling headfirst into the stars and not knowing which way is up ever again as you're dragged headlong into this totally confusing, frightening, terrifying, wonderful, electric world, courtesy of McCarry's absolutely rocketing prose and amazingly lyrical storytelling approach. This is the Orpheus myth like you've never seen it, and you can read Sarah's interview about it if you just can't get enough.
"Fangirl," Rainbow Rowell
Another book that means a great deal to me culturally, written by an absolutely sweetheart of an author: Rainbow Rowell is so kind and loving and wonderful and delightful to see in person (or interview!) if you ever get the chance, and this book is a completely and utterly bewitching homage to fandom and the complex and beautiful relationships we build as fellow fans and pop culture consumers. It's also, of course, a coming of age story about that cusp of maturity as young women transition from high school to college, and what happens as you grow into your own person.
"Grasshopper Jungle," Andrew Smith
This book, I regret to inform you, isn't out until February of next year, so I'm being a bit of a tease by telling you all about it, but it's truly outstanding. As the note from the editor on my ARC said, "Sometimes you need a holy shit book." And this is definitely a holy shit book. It is seriously so weird and bizarre and twisted and strange but also so delightful and charming, in an "a plague of giant praying mantises is taking over the world" kind of way.
"Bitterblue," Kristin Cashore
Another book I've talked up recently, "Bitterblue" is a dark, luscious text that I've already read three more times since I reviewed it here. (No really.) I hear that some people are complaining not enough happens in it, and I have to wonder if we read the same book, because "Bitterblue" is a darkly psychological and very complicated book where so much is happening that you really do have to read it multiple times to fully understand everything that's going on. This is a book about recovering from wounds so deep, you don't even know they're there.
"The Kingdom of Little Wounds," Susann Cokal
Another very dark, twisty book (that seems to be a bit of a theme with books I loved this year, but let's face it, it's a theme with books I love in general). You've got gore, weird plots, strange characters, and a peculiar fantasy world that just screams to be expanded into more equally peculiar books. This is fantasy at its best, in its most mutated and wondrous form, and it's also some fantastic storytelling.
I'm sure this book was fantastic. Deftly written, complex, fascinating, filled with well-developed characters existing in a brilliantly crafted world. Unfortunately, I've completely forgotten both the author's name and the title.
So, what did you read and love in 2013?


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The state of Kentucky has a strong soccer culture with both youth and collegiate soccer organizations. For those looking to hone their skills as a goalie, there are many camps and training programs to assist in developing your talents that offer instruction for all ages and ability levels.
Kentucky Youth Soccer Association Camps
The Kentucky Youth Soccer Association (kysoccer.net) holds annual summer camps that work toward the goal of advancing each player's soccer skills through individual and group training and activities. Training is completed in the four key areas of the game including tactical, technical, psychological and physical. Each child is guaranteed personalized coaching in their specific position or area of interest. The association's camp staff includes coaches and soccer athletes from around the world who specialize in all areas of skill and development, including Olympic development and professional training.
University of Kentucky Boys and Girls Summer Soccer Camps
Kids can learn from Kentucky's best college athletes at the University of Kentucky's soccer camps. Hosted by the University of Kentucky coaching staff and supplemented by Wildcats team members, these soccer camps include day, residential, elite and team camps. High school students can also take part in camps that are specifically geared toward their age group and skill level. These camps provide team and individualized training for soccer players to gain skills and experience.
Western Kentucky University Women's Soccer Camps
For girls aged 12 to 18, Western Kentucky University offers three different soccer camps. Located in Bowling Green, there is a team camp, finishing camp and goalkeeper camp during the summer months. For registration information, contact Lady Topper Soccer at (270) 745-4952.
Class A Soccer Camp
Located at Asbury College in Wilmore, Class A Soccer Camp is for pre-college and high school soccer players. The camp offers both team and individual instruction; in addition, the camp works on building leadership and character. The coaching staff includes soccer players who have professional experience as well as personnel who work with the soccer team at Asbury College.
Photo Credits
- Jupiterimages/Photos.com/Getty Images


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You're more than welcome to Edit the info or Upload a manga chapter for share. You can also keep track this manga by subscribe the RSS feed or Bookmark it.
Released: | Author(s): | Artist(s): | Genre(s): |
2005 | Unita Yumi | Unita Yumi | Comedy, Drama, Josei, Romance, School Life, Slice Of Life |
From Yen Press:
Going home for his grandfather's funeral, thirty-year-old bachelor Daikichi is floored to discover that the old man had an illegitimate child with a younger lover! The rest of his family is equally shocked and embarrassed by this surprise development, and not one of them wants anything to do with the silent little girl, Rin. In a fit of angry spontaneity, Daikichi decides to take her in himself! But will living with this overgrown teenager of a man help Rin come out of her shell? And hang on, won't this turn of events spell doom for Daikichi's love life?!
Note: Was adapted into a live-action movie in 2011.


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Last weekend, the 2009 Mr. Texas Leather contest went down at the Dallas Eagle emceed by Hardy Haberman.
Dallasite Jeffrey Payne won. Payne, pictured, is also Mr. Dallas Eagle 2009.
First runner-up is Rene Cantu — a.k.a. Mr. Leather Houston.
Judges were Mark Frazier owner ILSb, David Caranza owner LeatherMaster, Ken Claude Mr Texas Leather 1999, Julian Harris Mr Texas Leather 2007, Lady Faye IMsL 2006, boy ed American Leather boy 2006, Stallion International Leather boy 2005.
King of Payne: Mr. Texas Leather '09
Posted on 13 Feb 2009 at 2:45pm


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Experimental study and analysis of lubricants dispersed with nano Cu and TiO2 in a four-stroke two wheeler
- Pullela K Sarma1Email author,
- Vadapalli Srinivas1,
- Vedula Dharma Rao2 and
- Ayyagari Kiran Kumar3
© Sarma et al; licensee Springer. 2011
Received: 13 October 2010
Accepted: 17 March 2011
Published: 17 March 2011
The present investigation summarizes detailed experimental studies with standard lubricants of commercial quality known as Racer-4 of Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (India) dispersed with different mass concentrations of nanoparticles of Cu and TiO2. The test bench is fabricated with a four-stroke Hero-Honda motorbike hydraulically loaded at the rear wheel with proper instrumentation to record the fuel consumption, the load on the rear wheel, and the linear velocity. The whole range of data obtained on a stationery bike is subjected to regression analysis to arrive at various relationships between fuel consumption as a function of brake power, linear velocity, and percentage mass concentration of nanoparticles in the lubricant. The empirical relation correlates with the observed data with reasonable accuracy. Further, extension of the analysis by developing a mathematical model has revealed a definite improvement in brake thermal efficiency which ultimately affects the fuel economy by diminishing frictional power in the system with the introduction of nanoparticles into the lubricant. The performance of the engine seems to be better with nano Cu-Racer-4 combination than the one with nano TiO2.
At a very galloping speed, the human needs and demands for comforts are increasing in every corner of the world. Consequentially, the consumption of energy resources is indiscriminatingly planned without looking into the grave situation that might arise in the near future.
The increase in entropy and the environmental pollutions in every sector affect very seriously our well-being and life on this planet. The most common and the preferred mode of transportation in India is a two-wheeler, and the survey conducted by the Environment Pollution (Prevention and Control) Authority for the national capital region emphatically declared through a systematic survey that the two wheeler is the worst offender in metropolitan cities. The two-stroke engine is rated as the worst offender because of reasons: first, it emits high quantities of hydrocarbons, and second, a large quantity of the unburnt fuel is vented out. The density of two-wheeler vehicular transport increases day by day region wise in the world year after year in course of time in line with the increase in comforts and living standards of the citizens.
The prescribed emission norms for the two wheelers as per BS II standards (2005) are as follows:
CO 1.5 g/km
Hydrocarbons + NO x 1.5 g/km
However, pollution rate of CO and NO x is alarmingly much more than the prescribed norms by the Governmental agencies because of substandard manufacturing designs and improper combustion of fuel in the cylinder. In very thickly populated regions of the metropolitan cities, it definitely affects the health leading to ill health and severe respiratory problems. Besides, the fuel consumption rate is enormously high due to slow-moving two wheeler vehicular transports in busy localities. Hence, attention is bestowed to conserve the fuel for better future by employing safer alternative sources and conservation of fuel by improving overall efficiencies of the existing systems. Application of nano fluids in several engineering practices is gaining paramount importance, and in the literature, many studies related to nano tribology [1–12] can be found.
The article presents results obtained on a four-stroke two wheeler with the lubricants dispersed with nanoparticles of Cu and TiO2 of different mass percentage concentrations in the lubricants. The results indicate that the brake thermal efficiencies can be enhanced so that the fuel consumption rate can be improved by admixing nanoparticles into the lubricant.
Test rig with four-stroke motorbike
The motorbike employed in the study is a four-stroke two wheeler available in the INDIAN market under the brand name HERO-HONDA. The specifications of the motor bike are as follows:
No. of strokes: four
Diameter of the cylinder: 50 mm
Length of the stroke: 49.5 mm
Displacement volume: 97.2 cc
Air-cooled cylinder with aluminum alloy extended fins
Throttle-controlled speed regulator.
The rated brake power at the wheel is around 5.67 kW at a speed of 7,500 rpm
The recommended commercial lubricant for the motorbike is SAE 20 W 40 grade lubricant (Racer-4 of Hindustan Petroleum Corporation is suitable as engine oil).
Fuel is petrol of general quality sold in the commercial outlets situated in local areas.
Preparation of the motorbike prior to mounting on the stand
The motorbike is a new one from the dealer, and hence initially the bike is run with lubricant Racer-4, covering a mileage of 1500 km so that the rotating and reciprocating components in the engine are well lubricated and minor manufacturing or assembly flaws can be ruled out. The bike is mounted firmly on the test platform with the front wheel firmly gripped in the special vice designed for the purpose. Besides, the frame of vehicle is vertically held in position with the rear wheel resting on two freely rotating rollers mounted on special bearings. The surface of the rollers is specially made with corrugations to avoid slipping of the rear wheel during experimentation.
The lubricant used in the bike is to lubricate the reciprocating parts like piston-cylinder and rotary parts in the gear drive. Therefore, the test procedure takes into account the sliding friction as well as gear friction and the frictional power lost in overcoming them.
The brake power can be calculated using the relation:
Preparation of the nano-lubricant with the nano component
Maximum power output: 600 W
Operating frequency: 20 kHz
Input: 110VAC @ 10 Amps
Programmable timer: 1 s to 1 h
The base lubricant used in the study is Racer-4 manufactured by Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd., India. It is a 4-stroke bike engine oil-cum-gear oil with a grade of SAE 20W-40. Since the base lubricant is a popular commercial lubricant, it already contains some amount of dispersant, and hence in this study, no additional dispersant is added to the base lubricant. Copper (<50 nm) and titanium dioxide (<25 nm) nanoparticles are mixed in various mass fractions (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%) into the base lubricant to prepare the required sample. The required quantity is made in batches of 400 c.c at a time with the mass of the nano material being accurately measured by electronic weighing machines with a least count of 10 mg. The batchwise sample is subjected to ultrasonic vibrations for a maximum period of 8 h. Before the sample is charged into the sump of the motorbike, it is subjected to additional 20 h of mixing using the sonicator.
Kinematic viscosity tests
The viscosity of a lubricant is closely related to its ability to reduce friction. If the lubricant is too thick, then it will require a lot of energy to move the surfaces, and if it is too thin, then the surfaces will rub and the friction will increase. Viscosity index indicates the variation of viscosity with temperature. The best oils (with the highest VI) will not vary much in viscosity over such a temperature range and therefore will perform well throughout. A high value (normally >90) of viscosity index is an indicator of good lubricating oil.
Results of test for kinematic viscosity of different samples
Sample | Viscosity @40°C cst | Viscosity @100°C cst | Viscosity index |
Racer 4 | 138.8 | 15.68 | 118 |
Racer-4 + 0.05% Cu | 135.7 | 15.33 | 116 |
Racer-4 + 0.1% Cu | 141 | 15.84 | 117 |
Racer-4 + 0.2% Cu | 144.77 | 15.9 | 116 |
Racer-4 + 0.05% TiO2 | 136.23 | 14.47 | 106 |
From the results it can be noted that there is a slight increase in the kinematic viscosity with the addition of copper nanoparticles. It can also be observed that there is a reduction in the kinematic viscosity with the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles. Although there is a slight change in kinematic viscosities of oil samples with the addition of copper and TiO2 nanoparticles, there is no change in the viscosity index which remains in the high viscosity index region (>90). It can be concluded that the influence of viscosity on mileage of the motor bike is minimal and negligible at lower concentrations of nanoparticles.
Tests results
Details of ranges of test data
S. No | Lubricant | Speed (kmph) | Load (N) |
1 | Racer-4 | 40-60 | 10-50 |
2 | Racer-4 + 0.05% Cu | 40-60 | 20-80 |
3 | Racer-4 + 0.1% Cu | 40-60 | 20-80 |
4 | Racer-4 + 0.2% Cu | 40-60 | 20-80 |
5 | Racer-4 + 0.05% TiO2 | 40-60 | 20-80 |
Analysis of the test data
Analysis of the test results is quite complex since the rotating and reciprocating components in a mobile I.C engine are many, and these cannot be comprehensively described in the framework of a physical model. Hence, it can be described as a thermal system, following the principles of thermodynamics. The input thermal energy due to combustion of the fuel is partially utilized to do mechanical work to create mobility at a certain velocity under specified load conditions on the wheel. The heat balance sheet cannot be accurately drawn because of lack of information regarding frictional losses, thermal losses from the exhaust of the burnt gases, and other unaccounted losses. They cannot be separately segregated for a stationary vehicle. The best alternative is to conduct as many tests as possible and subject the data for statistical regression analysis.
The data are subjected to regression analysis as follows:
1. For the case with Racer-4
where a, b, A0, A1, and A2 are constants to be determined by applying regression to the test data;
fc is the fuel consumption in (kg/h);
V is the linear velocity of the wheel (m/s); and
P is the brake power in (kW).
where F is again considered as a second-degree polynomial in the variable
where φ is the percentage mass concentration of the nano component added into Racer-4.
where λ is the calorific value of the (fuel kJ/kg).
The results of the analyses for various cases
(1) Lubricant Racer-4 + 0.05% Cu
The test data 114 points appearing as obvious from Figure 3 could be correlated by second-degree polynomial Equation (4) with an average deviation of 4% and a standard deviation of 4%.
Equation (4) indicating the fuel consumption as a function of brake power is plotted in Figure 4 at a speed of 60 kmph with 0.05% of Nano Cu in the lubricant.
Functional relationships Equations (5) and (6), i.e., fCu, and fRacer are, respectively, further extended to cut the abscissa at -0.525 and -0.22 kW. Analytically, Equations (5) and (6) are subjected to Newton-Raphson method of analysis to check the correctness of the intercepts on the abscissa. The agreement with the values shown in the plot is very satisfactory, justifying the continuity of the functions, i.e., Equations (5) and (6).
It can be inferred that the addition of nano Cu reduced the frictional component substantially. However, these magnitudes include the heat losses from the cylinder and other unaccounted for losses. With the aid of Equation (3), the variation of brake thermal efficiency ηbrake with brake power is plotted in Figure 5.
The results shown in Figure 5 indicate that there is 4-5% rise in brake thermal efficiency with the addition of Cu Nano into the Racer-4 lubricant. Thus, the increase in brake thermal efficiency will lead to fuel conservation.
Similar mathematical analysis is carried out for the whole range of compositions, and the results are furnished further.
2. Racer-4 + 0.1% of Cu.
where Z = PB0.496V0.0.826φ0.345.
By comparing these brake thermal efficiencies values of Figure 5 for 0.05% Cu Nano sample with those in Figure 8, it can be seen that increase in brake thermal efficiency at higher loads is found to be more marked. The efficiency characteristics shown in Figure 8 have a steeper gradient indicating better performance with load with 0.1% Cu Nano sample.
3. Racer-4 + 0.2% of Cu
where Z = P0.443V0.83326φ0.444
The correlation for 138 data points as shown in Figure 9 is achieved with an average deviation of 3% and a standard deviation of 5%.
The engine is found to perform better at higher loads for this sample as can be noticed from Figure 10&11.
4. Racer-4 + 0.05% TiO2
where Z = P0.667V0.518φ0.36
However, the variation in brake thermal efficiency with brake power for lubricant with TiO2 sample is not as profoundly affected as can be seen from Figures 8 and 14 of nano lubricants with Cu and TiO2.
Fr is the friction factor parameter defined by the term
The differential equation contains two parameters, Fr and ε and by changing these terms, we need to evaluate the frictional power variation.
Evaluation of frictional power
Solution of Equation (14)
Equation (14) is written in finite difference form as follows:
I is the variable node with I varying I = 1 to [J + 1] nodes for the range 0 < X+ < 1
From the graph, it can be noted that along with iron(Fe), nickel(Ni), chromium (Cr), oxygen(O), and copper (Cu) can also be seen at peaks of the plot. This suggests that small amount of copper nanoparticles deposit on the surface of the ball and form a protective coating (Mending effect),thereby offering resistance to wear and reducing the friction.
Results of exhaust gas analysis
Results of exhaust gas analysis
Lubricant | CO (%) | CO2 (%) | HC (ppm) | NO x (ppm) |
Racer-4 + 0.1% Cu | 2.672 | 7.15 | 489 | 15 |
Racer-4 + 0.2% Cu | 2.582 | 6.89 | 513 | 34 |
Racer-4 + 0.05% Cu | 2.873 | 7.01 | 446 | 28 |
Racer-4 | 2.587 | 8.36 | 485 | 71 |
Racer-4 + 0.05% TiO2 | 2.595 | 3.28 | 553 | 0 |
The nano lubricants dispersed with nano Cu in 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% mass fractions yielded the enhanced brake thermal efficiencies in relation to the performance of an engine with Racer-4 of HPCL. The gradients in the characteristics for nano lubricants are found to be steeper. The 4-7% rise in thermal efficiency as seen in Figures 8, 11, and 14 in relation to the performance of the bike with pure lubricant is a promising feature in terms of the fuel economy. It can also be inferred that the bike can accept higher loads at speeds of about 60 kmph or more with nano lubricants other than Racer-4. 0.1% nano Cu-dispersed lubricant which is found to yield better results than with mass concentrations of 0.05 and 0.2%.
Introduction of nanonoparticles into the lubricant effectively reduces the overall frictional power. This aspect is clear from the intercepts of fuel consumption characteristics with the brake power abscissa. The frictional results could be checked analytically with the Newton-Raphson method. The reduction in frictional power may be due to substantial decrease in coefficient of friction between reciprocating and rotating parts. However, this aspect is to be further ascertained.
Though the results with the 0.05% TiO2 Nano indicate increase in brake thermal efficiency, the performance of the engine is not on par with the other lubricant as with nano Cu lubricant.
The assessment of life of the nano lubricant with Cu and TiO2 in terms of total mileage is still a matter of further examination. It is found to yield fuel economy promoting fuel conservation in view of the increasing number of two- and four-stroke motorbikes on the road. The technology is still to be developed to inhibit unwanted agglomeration of Cu nano over a period of time in the lubricant. The study indicates that if nanochemistry offers a solution to this problem, the dispersion with 20-50 nm Cu and TiO2 stands fairly a good chance in the lubrication technology as applied to I.C. engines in general.
- List of symbols A 0 :
A1, A2: Constants in the polynomial equations
- :
Interfacial area in the cylinder (m2)
- a :
- b :
Cylinder diameter (m)
- f :
Fuel consumption (kg/h)
Friction power (kW)
- F r :
The friction factor parameter
Length of the stroke (m)
- m :
The variable exponent defining the gap profile
No. of revolutions of the rollers
Pressure (N/m2)
Dimensionless pressure parameter
Brake power (W or kW)
Linear velocity of the wheel (m/s)
Load applied on the wheel (kgf or N)
Distance along the stroke (m)
Dimensionless distance along the stroke Roman letters δ: Lubrication film thickness at any point (m)
- δO:
Lubrication film thickness at one edge (m)
- δL:
Lubrication film thickness at other edge (m)
- ε:
The gap factor between the liner and the piston rings
- φ:
Mass concentration
- η:
- τ:
Shear force (N/m2)
- λ:
Calorific value of fuel (kJ/kg) Subscripts Brake Brake thermal efficiency Cu: Copper
- i:
- m:
Mean effective
- Racer:
With Racer-4 as lubricant
- TiO2:
Titanium dioxide
- w:
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance received from Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd., for conducting the tests on the motorbike at GITAM University. The authors thank Dr. M.V.V.S. Murthi, President of GITAM Society for his unrelenting support in the field of nanotechnology.
Authors' Affiliations
- Zhang ZJ, Zhang J, Xue QJ: Synthesis and characterization of a molybdenum disulfide nanocluster. J Phys Chem 1994, 98: 12973–12977. 10.1021/j100100a027View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Xue Q, Liu W, Zhang Z: Friction and wear properties of a surface-modified TiO2nano particle as an additive in liquid paraffin. Wear 1997, 213: 29–32. 10.1016/S0043-1648(97)00200-7View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Hu ZS, Dong JX: Study on anti-wear and reducing friction additive of nanometer titanium borate. Wear 1998, 216: 87–91. 10.1016/S0043-1648(97)00249-4View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Zhang Z, Liu W, Xue Q: Study on lubricating mechanisms of La(OH)3 nanocluster modified by compound containing nitrogen in liquid paraffin. Wear 1998, 218: 139–144. 10.1016/S0043-1648(98)00225-7View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Chen S, Liu W, Yu L: Preparation of DDP-coated PbS nanoparticles and investigation of the anti wear ability of the prepared nanoparticles as additive in liquid paraffin. Wear 1998, 218: 153–158. 10.1016/S0043-1648(98)00220-8View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Liu W, Zhang Z, Chen S, Xue Q: The research and application of colloids as lubricants. J Disp Sci Technol 2000, 21: 469–490. 10.1080/01932690008913281View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Liu G, Li X, Qin B, Xing D, Guo Y, Fan R: Investigation of the mending effect and mechanism of copper nano-particles on a tribologically stressed surface. Tribol Lett 2004, 17: 961–966. 10.1007/s11249-004-8109-6View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Liu G, Li X, Lu N, Fan R: Enhancing AW/EP property of lubricant oil by adding nano Al/Sn particles. Tribol Lett 2005, 18: 85–9. 10.1007/s11249-004-1760-0View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Kolodziejczyk L, Martinez-Martinez D, Rojas TC, Fernandez A, Sanchez-Lopez JC: Surface-modified Pd nanoparticles as a superior additive for lubrication. J Nanopart Res 2006, 9: 369–645.Google Scholar
- Erdemir A: Nano Boric acid Makes Motor Oil more Slippery. IL: Argonne National Laboratory, US Department of energy; 2007.Google Scholar
- Unnikrishnan R, Jain MC, Harinarayan AK, Mehta AK: Additive-additive interaction: an XPS study of the effect of ZDDP on the AW/EP characteristics of molybdenum based additives. Wear 2002, 252: 240–249. 10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00865-1View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Tarasov S, Kolubaev A, Belyaev S, Lerner M, Tepper F: Study of friction reduction by nano copper additives to motor oil. Wear 2002, 252: 63–69. 10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00860-2View ArticleGoogle Scholar
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


text:
Take Five: JELL-O 1-2-3
Dear Neighbors,
This 1970s recipe transforms one box of Jell-o into a fancy dessert, says C. Wilson of Mission Viejo.
Jell-O 1-2-3
Yield: 4 parfait glasses
1 package (3 ounces) any flavor Jell-O
3/4 cup boiling water
1 1/2 cups crushed ice
1. Put boiling water into blender.
2. Add Jell-O and blend on low just until Jell-o is dissolved.
3. Add crushed ice and blend on high until ice is dissolved and mixture thickens.
4. Pour a small amount into 4 parfait glasses.
5. Repeat with the rest of the mixture, dividing it evenly between the glasses.
6. Chill until set.
Recipes submitted for Take Five must contain no more than five ingredients, excluding water, salt, pepper, oils or fat for frying or sautéing. Your recipe can include one commercial mix. When using packaged ingredients, be sure to list the weight (ounces, liters, etc.) of the package or can. Tell us where you got the recipe, why you like it or how you serve it. Include your name, daytime phone number and address. Write: Take Five, The Orange County Register, P.O. Box 11626, Santa Ana, CA 92711-1626, or e-mail recipes to firstname.lastname@example.com. Readers whose recipes are published will receive a $25 gift certificate. Allow four to six weeks for delivery. Recipes cannot be acknowledged or returned.
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Should I Stay or Not????Ok Guys I was wondering if u guys can help me I'm soo confused I bought The Black iPhone 5 64 gb from Sprint I just started a 2 year contract with them but I'm thinking about it now and I really don't know if I want to stay I feel like getting the unlock iPhone from At&t and like that I have better options I can just get into a prepaid plan with whoeverI want I was with Tmobile but the only problem the internet was really bad if u had a choice will u stay with Sprint or will u get the iPhone unlock and one last question guys I'm seeing a lot of black iPhone getting Chipped and scratch I'm not feeling the aluminum and glass I think the iphone 4s was made better on that part If u had to pick between the black iPhone and the white which one will u pick I hope u guys can help me with my decision because I'm so confused TIA
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Personally, I went with white as I always do, so it isn't really an issue for me. Then I had it (i5) officially unlocked and then put it on eBay, in hopes to A; make a couple dollars, B; perhaps waiting for Apple may fix and/or replace the aluminum band and back cover.
As far as carriers, I am on T-Mo as you were and have been battling Edge for data for years. Now with T-Mo re-farming their network I have been seeing 3G and higher speeds here in the Phoenix area. T-mo's plan is to have tthe new system up and running by the end of the year for most major cities and hubs. This could bring back thousands of customers to T-Mo.
Being grandfathered in to my plan ($19.99 a month) for truly unlimited data/talk/text with no throttling, I am so glad that I chose to stay with T-Mo.Last edited by blkcadi; 09-23-2012 at 09:11 PM.
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Chula (09-23-2012)
If you can get out of sprint contract without getting billed with early termination fee please do so. I too am a T-mobile carrier right now with my 4S and I just love my plan coz I dont have to pay a lot in a month. I was thinking of getting the new Iphone 5 but after seeing it in person and these issues going on the forum about how the casing are prone to scratches, I changed my mind and decided Im just going to keep my 4S for a while. If you can you can go with Verizon as theyre Iphone 5 have a dual band CDMA/GSM. Good luck dude.
Iphone 4S - T-Mobile Prepaid Plan No Contract


text:
Wagner's Siegfried
This week's broadcast starts at 11 am
Saturday, April 20, 2013
The Met brings back the third opera in the Robert Lepage production of Wagner's Ring Cycle. The plot centers around the heroic young Siegfried (Jay Hunter Morris): With his mighty sword he slays the dragon Fafner, claims the coveted golden ring, defeats the great god Wotan (Mark Delavan) in battle, and, risking all, walks through fire to awaken the beautiful sleeping warrior-goddess, Brünnhilde (Deborah Voigt), with a kiss.
This bold fairy tale contains some of the Ring's most exhilarating music, including Siegfried's joyous "Forging Song," the evocative "Forest Murmurs" and the ecstatic love duet that brings the opera to a euphoric finale.
Conductor: Fabio Luisi
Brünnhilde: Deborah Voigt
Erda: Meredith Arwady
Siegfried: Jay Hunter Morris
Mime: Gerhard Siegel
Wotan: Mark Delavan
Alberich: Eric Owens
Comments [12]
The troubles that tear asunder the prospect of REAL echt WAGNERIAN PERFORMANCES are the total lack of singers with squillo, ping, ringing "juicy', not dry secco tone delivery,singers WITHOUT thrilling fortissimo acuti, high , notes and WITHOUT melting pianissimi but instead substitute WAGNERIAN BARKING rather than legato full-throated singing with strained and forced and flat singing, undersized and underpowered singing, at the same time WITHOUT impressive carrying power and the final curse the inevitable throaty and/or nasal ugly voice production.
Today's news deals with deficits and declining support for the arts. Tandem to this predicament for the talented is the perception that the current situation will continue for a long time to come. Speaking specifically how this precludes the motivation for young operatic singers who must early on choose their life's work, many have turned to Broadway or the business world. Nowadays Broadway musicals are out for show-stopping sensationalism with laser distractions, monster sets, acrobatic feats and space age technical projections and featuring dancing over singing. So, for the real thing opera singer, Broadway musicals, outside of Phantom of the Opera and an occasional Les Miserables there is little prospect of a sustainable career. The Wagner oeuvre has suffered the most. Husky physiques, witness the iconic John McCormack, do not offer similar size singing voices in power or stamina. Heroic voices like Melchior, Tamagno, Ruffo and the mature Caruso are nowhere on today's world class stages. Instead we suffer to hear miniscule, non-charismatic, non-distinctively memorable singing voices essaying roles far beyond their undersized,underpowered, thin not orotund, singing potentialities lacking sufficient carrying, projection power to be consistently heard over Wagner's or Richard Strauss' orchestrations.
Yikes....don't know how Voigt will make it through "Gotterdamerung". Albeit, the Siegfried Brunhilde is the highest, and some will attest the hardest (actually they all are pretty dammmm hard), but it is also one of the most expressive. Voigt sang it one-dimensionally.... with no expression....just "make the notes"! The thrilling music suffered. The combination of her Brunhilde and the god-awful set makes one long for better times and productions...like the last one, and to revert, once again, to the CD's.
Cavanaugh, Friedrich Schorr had a misconception regarding the vocal technique for singing in his upper range.
Professionally, he started singing the role of Wotan when most singers are still tyro vocal students. Still, beyond that most major defect in his vocal career, the heroic, noble timbre of the rest of his voice and his interpretive depth are much to be admired. Thanks for your comments. If you curious about my own background and heldentenor voice you may download my website www.WagnerOpera.com
Siegfried's voice too light for this role. Could not tell the difference in vocal coloring between the two tenors in the first act. Delavan's voice is really beautiful. Looking forward to hearing him as Amonasro.
Dear Mr. Lane, Acording to internet protocol, when you write in CAPS, you are shouting. I don't think you are a shouter.
I agree that Schorr was a great Heldenbariton, velvet voice, great legato etc. However, you must admit he milked the high E's & F's for the baritone. I'm sure you know why he didn't sing Sachs in the '36 & '37 Meistersinger under Toscanini. I have his '21 finale to Rheingold & he didn't have the high notes, he went flat. But I do concede he was a great artist& very pleasant to listen to.
CAVANAUGH AND LES HAD MENTIONED FERDINAND FRANTZ AS A GREAT WOTAN AND HANS SACHS. I HAVE SEEN HIM AND HIS WIFE HELENA BRAUN, WHO REPLACED AT THE LAST MOMENT TRAUBEL, AS A BRUNNHILDE WHO HAD THE HIGH CS FOR THE HO YO TO HOs, AT A WALKURE WITH HER HUSBAND AS THE WOTAN. PAUL SCHOEFFLER, JOEL BERGLUND AND JEROME HINES WE5E MEMORABLE IN THE HELDENBARITON ROLES. HINES, A BASS, NOT BARITONE, AMAZINGLY HAD THE ACUTI, TOP NOTES. MY VOICE TEACHER FRIEDRICH SCHORR IS RECOGNIZED AS THE PREEMINENT UNICO, SUPREME AS ONE OF A KIND, WAGNERIAN HELDENBARITON. Jay Hunter Morris, like Charles Kullman, has a pleasant Pinkerton voice, but not an heroic voice nor a timbre suggestive of even the jugendheldentenor roles, except for Walter von Stolzing and Lohengrin. ERIC OWENS STOOD OUT AS AN "ECHT," the real thing, voice, with a stunning dramatic conveyance of the text. Most successful in characterization, musicianship and totally convincing portrayal was the Mime, GERHARD SIEGEL. MARK DELAVAN, MEREDITH ARWADY and HANS-PETER KONIG WERE EXEMPLARY, though not of legendary landmark quality, yet. Let' s hope that true Wagnerian singing talent arrives before the genre ceases to elicIt audience appeal and/or financial backing.
WHAT A SHAME!!! She kept omitting consonants to try to hit B's & C's which she missed terribly. How long are we going to be stuck with this one?
Sorry, not "Brunhilde bin ich nicht mehr" rather "Brunhilde war ich niemahls".
Either no one is listening or all are enthralled by Wagner's music & the great singing. Where is everybody? I'm glad someone mentioned Ferdinand Franz last week, he was a great Wotan. Did you know he recorded Sachs three times between '51 & '56? A great Wagnerian.
Caro Beduzzo Cavanaugh: This opera is a feast. Cannot listen to all of it but just enough to catch Delavan as Wotan. This whole opera is magnificent and on my list with Otello, Tosca, Norma and Macbeth. Hope you are well. Tante belle cose.
CBC Beduzza mia. Now comes some of the most glorious music ever written, especially after "weisst du was Wotan will?" The score has this symbol // meaning complete silence. He only used it one other time in the entire Ring. Wotan then has magnificent vocal lines with tremendous orchestral support. It's beyond words. Enjoy. I just wish we had a Brunhilde up to the rest of the cast. Delavan is excellent.
"ewig war ich. ewig bin ich".
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From the governor to New Yorkers visiting an ATM, this week's cybercrime arrests are amping up cybersecurity efforts.
After several were charged in a $45 million ATM heist, Manhattan Borough President Scott Stringer released a report today about cybercrime, cautioning New Yorkers to be more careful, even during routine ATM withdrawals.
The report offers consumer tips on avoiding identity theft as well as suggestions on how to toughen laws.
"The stunning scope of this crime is a sobering wake-up call for New Yorkers, from the highest levels of the financial community to millions of citizens who need to feel secure when they use ATM machines," Stringer said.
Today, Gov. Andrew Cuomo also announced a new Cyber Security Advisory Board, which will advise state officials on how to protect state infrastructure and information systems.
Cuomo also noted this week's arrests.
"The need to increase cyber security to guard against these threats is urgent," he said. "In the 21st century, almost all of our daily activities are linked to the internet – from banking to shopping to using our telecommunications networks and physical infrastructure systems."
How to protect yourself against cybercrime:


text:
Robert William Service
Robert William Service
(16 January 1874 - 11 September 1958 / Preston)
The Return
They turned him loose; he bowed his head,
A felon, bent and grey.
His face was even as the Dead,
He had no word to say.
read more >>
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text:
Ballet Revolucion
Au Peacock Theatre
Ballet Revolucion is back in London after impressing audiences last year with their raw athleticism and Cuban charm.
Ballet Revolucion is described as "dazzlingly fast-paced, humorous and sizzlingly hotblooded" (Daily Express). Ballet Revolucion is an explosive fusion of ballet, contemporary dance and hip hop, performed by a company of supremely talented Cuban dancers, many of whom have trained at Cuba's most prestigious conservatoires such as the Escuela Nacional de Arte.
Watch as they burst onto the stage with breathtaking twists, audacious jumps and sensual moves in this adrenaline-fuelled dance sensation, to a soundtrack of popular hits from Shakira, Beyonce, J-Lo and many more, played by the Ballet Revolucion live band.
Ballet Revolucion is choreographed by Aaron Cash and Roclan Gonzalez Chavez, Ballet Revolucion has enjoyed sell-out performances in Sydney, Singapore, Berlin and Vienna.
Tuesday to Sunday 7.30pm
Saturday and Sunday 2.30pm
Joue de
Joue jusqu'à
Durée du spectacle:
2 hours 10 minutes


text: The Situation, Snooki Have Their Own AppsDodai Stewart9/22/10 12:50pmFiled to: Fame GameJersey shore appJersey ShoreappsiPhonethe situationSnookiCelebrityTechnologyTech19EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalinkPay $5 and The Situation will tell you where the nearest laundromat is. Or a gym. Or a tanning salon.AdvertisementAccording to CNN, there's also a game called "Grenade Launcher," which you can be sure is incredibly charming. And! MTV has also created something called "Spread Snooki," in which you can add images of Snickers to pre-existing photos of yourself or your friends. But wait! There's more!"Jersey Shore Yourself" lets the user upload a photo and add the tan, tattoos and adventurous hairstyles of the cast members.The big question: Who the hell would buy any of this shit? What kind of idiot do you have to be?AdvertisementA user review of The Situation app reads thusly: "Grenade dodger is lame as hell. Soundboard is staged. It's not quotes from the show but [Sorrentino] in a sound booth reading lines. Don't bother with this app. If you're a mike fan I still think you'd be disappointed."And there you have it.'Jersey Shore' App Targets Your Abs, Tan, Laundry [CNN]Reply19 repliesLeave a reply