text: Missing Teen Says She Ran Away To Avoid Arranged MarriageMargaret Hartmann3/03/11 10:58amFiled to: Runaway brideMissing teen arranged marriagearranged marriage70EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalinkPolice have found a missing 13-year-old girl from Hesperia, California and say that while her parents led them to believe she had been kidnapped, evidence suggests she actually ran away to escape an arranged marriage.AdvertisementInitially, Jessie Marie Bender's family told detectives that she didn't want to go on a family trip to Pakistan, her step-father's homeland, so she ran away on February 22. The Los Angeles Times reports that they later changed their story, saying she could have been abducted by someone she met on Facebook.The suggestion that Bender was the victim of a online predator, not just another runaway, prompted authorities to call in the FBI, agents with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the U.S. Marshals Service, and members of the LAPD and Chicago Police Department. The massive search produced no evidence that she'd been kidnapped, but according to a spokeswoman, "It was revealed that a member of the Bender family concealed Jess in the town of Apple Valley out of fear that she would be taken to Pakistan for an arranged marriage."AdvertisementThe relative had been hiding Bender in a motel the entire time. She and her three siblings have been put in protective custody and her parents are under investigation. According to a report from NBC LA, Bender's mother said the arranged marriage allegation is "crap," and complained that police questioned her and her husband for more than 30 hours.Click to view Thirteen-Year-Old Girl Reported Missing Fled Arranged Marriage [LAT] Hesperia Teen May Have Run Away to Avoid Arranged Marriage In Pakistan [NBC LA]Reply70 repliesLeave a reply


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Step into the Divaville Lounge on Sunday, May 24 from 2-4 pm as we pay tribute to men and women in uniform on the day before Memorial Day. We'll hear classic songs from the war years, songs meant to inspire the troops and comfort those back on the homefront. We'll also hear performances from Armed Forces Radio broadcasts like Command Performance and Jubilee. Plus wartime public service announcements about war bonds, rationing and victory gardens. Tune for an afternoon of music in honor of the troops.
Visit divavillelounge.org for more information.

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Monday, September 13, 2010
simply starburt~ a pillow!
For my main project in the Urban Home Goods Swap I made a sweet pillow using the starburt block. I used Ashely's lovely tutorial, but made a 12 inch block. I then added a couple solid borders and then a fun scrappy border to make it an 18 inch pillow. I love this pattern with the dream on!! Isn't it so pretty!!
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The jobless rate in Lancaster County declined for another consecutive month, according to figures recently released by the S.C. Department of Employment and Workforce.
In September, Lancaster County posted an employment rate of 11 percent, a drop from the 12.6 percent from August. In July, the rate was 13 percent.
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'Bears' is family-friendly entertainment
LOS ANGELES — Keenly following the scent of "African Cats" and "Chimpanzees," Disneynature's "Bears" combines sweeping vistas and remarkably intimate wildlife photography to typically stirring effect as it documents a year in the life of a mother Alaskan brown bear and her two cubs.
Save for some particularly playful narration provided by John C. Reilly, the film, clocking in at a tidy 77 minutes, adheres closely to the successful blueprint first laid out by 2007's "Earth," pitting a wildlife family unit against the not necessarily nurturing elements.
Released just ahead of Earth Day, "Bears" could snuggle up handsomely with family audiences looking for some holiday weekend adventure, although it will have to fight for a share of the turf claimed a week earlier by the exotic birds of Fox's "Rio 2."
Co-directed by Alastair Fothergill and Keith Scholey, who previously teamed on "African Cats," the adventure takes place along the breathtaking Alaskan peninsula, where first-time mom Sky and her two tiny cubs, Amber and Scout, have emerged from hibernation and need to start addressing the food situation.
For a baby bear, getting to that sustenance isn't exactly a piece of cake, what with avalanches and predatory animals to deal with, including some of their own kind, like Magnus, the dominant alpha male in their neighborhood, and Chinook, a very hungry outcast who constantly poses a threat to clingy Amber and mischievous Scout.
By now it's a familiar tale of one family's survival instinct, but it's hard not to cuddle up to a cute cub, and all that fearlessly up-close-and-personal footage, set extensively against that untouched Alaskan coastline, nevertheless makes for a compelling excursion.
The inherent drama is boosted by George Fenton's seriously symphonic score and contrasts with those delightfully loose, animated voiceovers courtesy of Reilly, a big teddy bear of an actor if ever there was one.
"Bears," a Disney release, is rated G by the Motion Picture Association of America. Running time: 77 minutes.


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It's an interesting juxtaposition, melancholia and BMX. In the video for Sleigh Bells' "End of the Line," the fourth track off February's Reign of Terror, we see guitarist Derek Miller cruising around some suburbs on a two-wheeler as frontwoman Alexis Krauss is spotted among several gloomy skylines. Actually, Miller doesn't get too x-treme on that thing, but he still looks a little goofy (maybe it's the matching wheels and guitar?). In a good way, though!
Watch the video below, via Pitchfork.tv. Reign of Terror is out via Mom + Pop.
Dam-Funk "17 Days" (Prince Cover) |


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Crazy Horse
Crazy Horse | |
Tȟašúŋke Witkó | |
A 1934 sketch of Crazy Horse made by a Mormon missionary after interviewing Crazy Horse's sister, who claimed the depiction was accurate.[1]
Oglala Lakota leader | |
Personal details | |
Born | Cha-O-Ha ("In the Wilderness" or "Among the Trees") c. 1842 |
Died | September 5, 1877 (aged 36-37) Fort Robinson, Nebraska |
Cause of death | Bayonet wound |
Spouse(s) |
Relations | Little Hawk (brother), Little Hawk (uncle), Laughing One (sister). Cousins: Touch the Clouds, Flying Hawk, Kicking Bear, Black Fox II, Eagle Thunder and Walking Eagle. Grandparents: Black Buffalo and White Cow (also called Iron Cane). Uncles: Spotted Tail, Lone Horn. Aunts: Good Looking Woman, Looks At It (later called They Are Afraid of Her). Father's wives: Iron Between Horns, Kills Enemy, and Red Leggins. |
Children | They Are Afraid of Her |
Parents | Crazy Horse (the elder), also known as Waglula (Worm), Rattling Blanket Woman (born 1814). |
Military service | |
Nickname(s) | Curly, Light Hair |
Battles/wars | Fetterman Fight, Battle of the Rosebud, Battle of the Little Bighorn |
Crazy Horse (Lakota: Tȟašúŋke Witkó in Standard Lakota Orthography,[2] IPA:/tχaʃʊ̃kɛ witkɔ/), literally "His-Horse-Is-Crazy";[3] (c. 1842 – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota. He took up arms against the United States Federal government to fight against encroachments on the territories and way of life of the Lakota people, including acting as a decoy in the Fetterman Massacre and leading a war party to victory at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in June 1876.
Four months after surrendering to U.S. troops under General George Crook in May 1877, Crazy Horse was fatally wounded by a bayonet-wielding military guard, while allegedly[4][5] resisting imprisonment at Camp Robinson in present-day Nebraska. He ranks among the most notable and iconic of Native American tribal members and was honored by the U.S. Postal Service in 1982 with a 13¢ Great Americans series postage stamp.
Early life
Sources differ on the precise year of Crazy Horse's birth, but they agree he was born between 1840 and 1845. According to a close friend, he and Crazy Horse "were both born in the same year at the same season of the year", which census records and other interviews place in 1842.[6] Encouraging Bear, an Oglala medicine man and spiritual adviser to the Oglala war leader, reported that Crazy Horse was born "in the year in which the band to which he belonged, the Oglala, stole One Hundred Horses, and in the fall of the year", a reference to the annual Lakota calendar or winter count.[7] Among the Oglala winter counts, the stealing of 100 horses is noted by Cloud Shield, and possibly by American Horse and Red Horse owner, as equivalent to the year 1840–41.[8] Oral history accounts from relatives on the Cheyenne River Reservation place his birth in the spring of 1840.[9] On the evening of his son's death, the elder Crazy Horse told Lieutenant H. R. Lemly 1840".[10]
Crazy Horse was named at birth Cha-O-Ha ("In the Wilderness" or "Among the Trees", meaning he was one with nature.) His mother's nickname for him was "Curly" or "Light Hair"; as his light curly hair resembled that of his mother.[9]
Crazy Horse was born to parents from two tribes of the Lakota division of the Sioux, his father was an Oglala and his mother was a Miniconjou. His father, born in 1810, was also named Crazy Horse. One account said that after the son had reached maturity and shown his strength, his father gave him his name and took a new one, Waglula (Worm). (Another version of how the son Crazy Horse acquired his name was that he took it after having a vision.) His mother Rattling Blanket Woman (born 1814) died when Crazy Horse was only four years old. Crazy Horse's cousin (son of Lone Horn) was Touch the Clouds. He saved Crazy Horse's life at least once and was with him when he died.[9]
Rattling Blanket Woman was the daughter of Black Buffalo and White Cow (also known as Iron Cane). Her older siblings were Lone Horn (born 1790, died 1877) and Good Looking Woman (born 1810). Her younger sister was named Looks At It (born 1815), later given the name They Are Afraid of Her. The historian George Hyde wrote that Rattling Blanket Woman was Miniconjou and the sister of Spotted Tail, who became a Brulé head chief.[11]
In the summer of 1844, "Waglula" (Worm) went on a buffalo hunt. He came across a Minneconjou Lakota village under attack by Crow warriors. He led his small party of warriors to the village and rescued it. Corn, the head man of the village, had lost his wife in the raid. In gratitude he gave Waglula his two eldest daughters as wives: Iron Between Horns (age 18) and Kills Enemy (age 17). Corn's youngest daughter, Red Leggins, who was 15 at the time, requested to go with her sisters; all became Waglula's wives.[9]
According to Frederick Hoxie's Encyclopedia of North American Indians (1996), Crazy Horse was the third in his male line to bear the name of Crazy Horse, which in Lakota is Tasunke Witko. Tasunke Witko III (1840–77) was the son of Rattling Blanket Woman and Tasunke Witko II. The love of his life was Black Buffalo Woman, whom he courted, but she married another man named No Water. At one point, Crazy Horse persuaded Black Buffalo Woman to run away with him. No Water borrowed a pistol and ran after his wife. When he found her with Crazy Horse, he fired at him, injuring him in the face and leaving a noticeable scar. Crazy Horse was married two times: first to Black Shawl, and second to Nellie Larrabee (Laravie). Nellie Larrabee was assigned to spy on Crazy Horse for the military, so the "marriage" is suspect. Only Black Shawl bore him any children: a daughter named They Are Afraid of Her, who died at age three.
Crazy Horse lived in the Lakota camp with his younger brother, High Horse (son of Iron Between Horns and Waglula[9]) and a cousin Little Hawk. (Little Hawk was the nephew of his maternal step-grandfather, Corn.[9]) The camp was entered by Lieutenant Grattan and 28 other US troopers, who intended to arrest a Minniconjou man for having stolen a cow. (The cow had wandered into the camp, and after a short time someone butchered it and passed the meat out among the people). A conflict known as the Grattan massacre ensued and the Sioux killed the US Army forces.[12]
After witnessing the Grattan Massacre in 1854, Curly went out on a vision quest to seek guidance but without going through the traditional procedures first. In his vision, a warrior on his horse rode out of a lake and the horse seemed to float and dance throughout the vision. He wore simple clothing, no face paint, he wore his hair down with just a feather in it, and he wore a small brown stone behind his ear. Bullets and arrows flew around him as he charged forward, but neither he nor his horse were hit. A thunderstorm came over the warrior and his people grabbed hold of his arms trying to hold him back. The warrior broke their hold and then lightning struck him leaving a lightning symbol on his cheek and white marks like hailstones appeared on his body. The warrior told Curly that as long he dressed modestly, his tribesmen weren't touching him, and he didn't take any scalps or war trophies, than he wouldn't be harmed in battle. As the vision ended, he heard a red-tailed hawk shrieking off in the distance. Curly's father later interpreted the vision and said that the warrior was going to be him. The lightning bolt on his cheek and the hailstones on his body were to become his war paint. Curly was to follow the warrior's role to dress modestly and to do as the warrior's prophecy said so he would be unharmed in battle. For the most part, the vision was true and Crazy Horse was rarely harmed in battle, except for when he was struck by an arrow after taking two enemy scalps. He was shot in the face by No Water when Little Big Man tried to hold Crazy Horse back to prevent a fight from breaking out and he was held back by one of his tribesman when he was stabbed by a bayonet the night he died.[13]
After having witnessed the death of the Lakota leader Conquering Bear at the Grattan Massacre, Crazy Horse began to get trance visions. His father Waglula took him to what today is Sylvan Lake, South Dakota, where they both sat to do a hemblecha or vision quest.[12] A red-tailed hawk led them to their respective spots in the hills; as the trees are tall in the Black Hills, they could not always see where they were going. Crazy Horse sat between two humps at the top of a hill north and to the east of the lake.[12] Waglula sat south of Black Elk Peak but north of his son.
Crazy Horse's vision first took him to the South where, in Lakota spirituality, one goes upon death. He was brought back and was taken to the West in the direction of the wakiyans (thunder beings). He was given a medicine bundle to protect him for life. One of his animal protectors would be the white owl which, according to Lakota spirituality, would give extended life. He was also shown his "face paint" for battle, to consist of a yellow lightning bolt down the left side of his face, and white powder. He would wet this and put marks over his vulnerable areas; when dried, the marks looked like hailstones. His face paint was similar to that of his father, who used a red lightning strike down the right side of his face and three red hailstones on his forehead. Crazy Horse put no makeup on his forehead and did not wear a war bonnet. Lastly, he was given a sacred song that is still sung by the Oglala people today and he was told he would be a protector of his people.[12]
Black Elk, a contemporary and cousin of Crazy Horse, related the vision in Black Elk Speaks: Being the Life Story of a Holy Man of the Oglala Sioux, from talks with John G. Neihardt.
When I was a man, my father told me something about that vision. Of course he did not know all of it; but he said that Crazy Horse dreamed and went into the world where there is nothing but the spirits of all things. That is the real world that is behind this one, and everything we see here is something like a shadow from that world. He was on his horse in that world, and the horse and himself on it and the trees and the grass and the stones and everything were made of spirit, and nothing was hard, and everything seemed to float. His horse was standing still there, and yet it danced around like a horse made only of shadow, and that is how he got his name, which does not mean that his horse was crazy or wild, but that in his vision it danced around in that queer way.
It was this vision that gave him his great power, for when he went into a fight, he had only to think of that world to be in it again, so that he could go through anything and not be hurt. Until he was killed at the Soldiers' Town on White River, he was wounded only twice, once by accident and both times by some one of his own people when he was not expecting trouble and was not thinking; never by an enemy.
Crazy Horse received a black stone from a medicine man named Horn Chips to protect his horse, a black-and-white pinto he named Inyan (rock or stone). He placed the stone behind the horse's ear so that the medicine from his vision quest and Horn Chips would combine—he and his horse would be one in battle.[12] The more accepted account, however, is that Horn Chips gave Crazy Horse a sacred stone that protected him from bullets. [14] Subsequently, Crazy Horse was never wounded by a bullet. In addition, it should be noted that "Horn Chips" is not the correct name of this medicine man, and it has become a repeated error since 1982 in subsequent publications. His Lakota name was Woptura and he was given, by the government, the name Chips, and was referred to as Old Man Chips. Horn Chips was one of his sons, who was also known as Charles Chips. [15]
Crazy Horse was known to have a personality characterized by aloofness, shyness, modesty and aloneness. He was generous to the poor, the elderly, and children. [16] In Black Elk Speaks, Neihardt relays:
...he was a queer man and would go about the village without noticing people or saying anything. In his own teepee he would joke, and when he was on the warpath with a small party, he would joke to make his warriors feel good. But around the village he hardly ever noticed anybody, except little children. All the Lakotas like to dance and sing; but he never joined a dance, and they say nobody ever heard him sing. But everybody liked him, and they would do anything he wanted or go anywhere he said.[17]
Title of "Shirt Wearer"
Through the late 1850s and early 1860s, Crazy Horse's reputation as a warrior grew, as did his fame among the Lakota. The Lakota told accounts of him in their oral histories. His first kill was a Shoshone raider who had murdered a Lakota woman washing buffalo meat along the Powder River.[12] Crazy Horse fought in numerous battles between the Lakota and their traditional enemies, the Crow, Shoshone, Pawnee, Blackfeet, and Arikara, among Plains tribes.
In 1864, after the Third Colorado Cavalry decimated Cheyenne and Arapaho in the Sand Creek Massacre, Lakota Oglala and Minneconjou bands allied with them against the US military. Crazy Horse was present at the Battle of Platte Bridge and the Battle of Red Buttes in July 1865.[12] Because of his fighting ability and for his generosity to the tribe, in 1865 Crazy Horse was named a Ogle Tanka Un (Shirt Wearer, or war leader) by the tribe.[18]
Battle of the Hundred in the Hand (Fetterman Fight)
On December 21, 1866, Crazy Horse and six other warriors, both Lakota and Cheyenne, decoyed Capt. William Fetterman's 53 infantrymen and 27 cavalry troopers under Lt. Grummond into an ambush. They had been sent out from Fort Phil Kearny to follow up on an earlier attack on a wood train. Crazy Horse lured Fetterman's infantry up a hill. Grummond's cavalry followed the other six decoys along Peno Head Ridge and down toward Peno Creek, where several Cheyenne women taunted the soldiers. Meanwhile, Cheyenne leader Little Wolf and his warriors, who had been hiding on the opposite side of Peno Head Ridge, blocked the return route to the fort. The Lakota warriors swept over the hill and attacked the infantry. Additional Cheyenne and Lakota hiding in the buckbrush along Peno Creek effectively surrounded the soldiers. Seeing that they were surrounded, Grummond headed his cavalry back to Fetterman.
The combined warrior forces of nearly 1,000 killed all the US soldiers, in what became known at the time to the white population as the Fetterman Massacre.[19] It was the Army's worst defeat on the Great Plains up to that time.[12] The Lakota and Cheyenne call it the Battle of the Hundred in the Hand.[20]
Wagon Box Fight
On August 2, 1867, Crazy Horse participated in the Wagon Box Fight, also near Fort Phil Kearny. Lakota forces numbering between 1000 and 2000 attacked a wood-cutting crew near the fort. Most of the soldiers fled to a circle of wagon boxes without wheels, using them for cover as they fired at the Lakota. The Lakota took substantial losses, as the soldiers were firing new breech-loading rifles. These could fire ten times a minute compared to the old muzzle-loading rate of three times a minute. The Lakota charged after the soldiers fired the first time, expecting the delay of their older muskets before being able to fire again. The soldiers suffered only five killed and two wounded, while the Lakota suffered between 50 and 120 casualties. Many Lakota were buried in the hills surrounding Fort Phil Kearny in Wyoming.[12]
Controversy over Black Buffalo Woman
In the fall of 1870, Crazy Horse invited Black Buffalo Woman to accompany him on a buffalo hunt in the Slim Buttes area of present-day northwestern South Dakota.[21] She was the wife of No Water, who had a reputation for drinking too much.[9] It was Lakota custom to allow a woman to divorce her husband at any time. She did so by moving in with relatives or with another man, or by placing the husband's belongings outside their lodge. Although some compensation might be required to smooth over hurt feelings, the rejected husband was expected to accept his wife's decision. No Water was away from camp when Crazy Horse and Black Buffalo Woman left for the buffalo hunt.
No Water tracked down Crazy Horse and Black Buffalo Woman in the Slim Buttes area. When he found them in a teepee, he called Crazy Horse's name from outside. When Crazy Horse answered, No Water stuck a pistol into the teepee and aimed for Crazy Horse. Touch the Clouds, Crazy Horse's first cousin and son of Lone Horn, was sitting in the teepee nearest the entry. He knocked the pistol upward as No Water fired, deflecting the bullet to Crazy Horse's upper jaw. No Water left, with Crazy Horse's relatives in hot pursuit. No Water ran his horse until it died and continued on foot until he reached the safety of his own village.[12]
Several elders convinced Crazy Horse and No Water that no more blood should be shed. As compensation for the shooting, No Water gave Crazy Horse three horses. Because Crazy Horse was with a married man's wife, he was stripped of his title as Shirt Wearer (leader).[9]
Black Shawl and Nellie Larrabee
Crazy Horse married Black Shawl, a member of the Oglala Lakota and relative of Spotted Tail. The elders sent her to heal Crazy Horse after his altercation with No Water. Crazy Horse and Black Shawl Woman were married in 1871. Black Shawl gave birth to Crazy Horse's only child, a daughter named They Are Afraid Of Her, who died in 1873. Black Shawl outlived Crazy Horse. She died in 1927 during the influenza outbreaks of the 1920s.[22]
Red Cloud also arranged to send a young woman, Nellie Larrabee, to live in Crazy Horse's lodge. Interpreter William Garnett described Larrabee as "a half-blood, not of the best frontier variety, an invidious and evil woman".[23] Larrabee, also referred to as Chi-Chi and Brown Eyes Woman, was the daughter of a French trader and a Cheyenne woman. Garnett's first-hand account of Crazy Horse's surrender alludes to Larrabee as the "half blood woman" who caused Crazy Horse to fall into a "domestic trap which insensibly led him by gradual steps to his destruction".[24]
Great Sioux War of 1876–77
On June 17, 1876, Crazy Horse led a combined group of approximately 1,500 Lakota and Cheyenne in a surprise attack against brevetted Brigadier General George Crook's force of 1,000 cavalry and infantry, and allied 300 Crow and Shoshone warriors in the Battle of the Rosebud. The battle, although not substantial in terms of human losses, delayed Crook's joining with the 7th Cavalry under George A. Custer. It contributed to Custer's subsequent defeat at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.
A week later at 3:00 p.m. on June 25, 1876, Custer's 7th Cavalry attacked a large encampment of Cheyenne and Lakota bands along the Little Bighorn River, marking the beginning of his last battle. Crazy Horse's actions during the battle are unknown.
Hunkpapa warriors led by Chief Gall led the main body of the attack. Crazy Horse's tactical and leadership role in the battle remains ambiguous. While some historians think that Crazy Horse led a flanking assault, ensuring the death of Custer and his men, the only proven fact is that Crazy Horse was a major participant in the battle. His personal courage was attested to by several eye-witness Indian accounts. Water Man, one of only five Arapaho warriors who fought, said Crazy Horse "was the bravest man I ever saw. He rode closest to the soldiers, yelling to his warriors. All the soldiers were shooting at him, but he was never hit."[25] Sioux battle participant, Little Soldier, said, "The greatest fighter in the whole battle was Crazy Horse."[26] Crazy Horse is said to have exhorted his warriors before the fight with the battle cry "Hóka-héy! Today is a good day to die!"but the quotation is inaccurately attributed. The earliest published reference is from 1881, in which the phrase is attributed to Low Dog. The English version is not an accurate translation from the Lakota language, "Hóka-héy!" Both phrases are used in context by Black Elk in Black Elk Speaks.[27]
On September 10, 1876, Captain Anson Mills and two battalions of the Third Cavalry captured a Miniconjou village of 36 tipis in the Battle of Slim Buttes, South Dakota.[28] Crazy Horse and his followers attempted to rescue the camp and its headman, (Old Man) American Horse but they were unsuccessful. The soldiers killed American Horse and much of his family after they holed up in a cave for several hours.
On January 8, 1877, Crazy Horse's warriors fought their last major battle at Wolf Mountain, against the US Cavalry in the Montana Territory. His people struggled through the winter, weakened by hunger and the long cold. Crazy Horse decided to surrender with his band to protect them, and went to Fort Robinson in Nebraska.
Last Sun Dance of 1877
The Last Sun Dance of 1877 is significant in Lakota history as the Sun Dance held to honor Crazy Horse one year after the victory at the Battle of the Little Big Horn, and to offer prayers for him in the trying times ahead. Crazy Horse attended the Sun Dance as the honored guest but did not take part in the dancing.[29] Five warrior cousins sacrificed blood and flesh for Crazy Horse at the Last Sun Dance of 1877. The five warrior cousins were three brothers, Flying Hawk, Kicking Bear and Black Fox II, all sons of Chief Black Fox, also known as Great Kicking Bear, and two other cousins, Eagle Thunder and Walking Eagle.[30] The five warrior cousins were braves considered vigorous battle men of distinction.[31]
Surrender and death
Crazy Horse and other northern Oglala leaders arrived at the Red Cloud Agency, located near Fort Robinson, Nebraska, on May 5, 1877. Together with He Dog, Little Big Man, Iron Crow and others, they met in a solemn ceremony with First Lieutenant William P. Clark as the first step in their formal surrender.
For the next four months, Crazy Horse resided in his village near the Red Cloud Agency. The attention that Crazy Horse received from the Army drew the jealousy of Red Cloud and Spotted Tail, two Lakota who had long before come to the agencies and adopted the white ways. Rumors of Crazy Horse's desire to slip away and return to the old ways of life started to spread at the Red Cloud and Spotted Tail agencies. In August 1877, officers at Camp Robinson received word that the Nez Perce of Chief Joseph had broken out of their reservation in Idaho and were fleeing north through Montana toward Canada. When asked by Lieutenant Clark to join the Army against the Nez Perce, Crazy Horse and the Miniconjou leader Touch the Clouds objected, saying that they had promised to remain at peace when they surrendered. According to one version of events, Crazy Horse finally agreed, saying that he would fight "till all the Nez Perce were killed". But his words were apparently misinterpreted by a half-Tahitian scout, Frank Grouard (not be confused with Fred Gerard, another U.S. Cavalry scout during the summer of 1876), who reported that Crazy Horse had said that he would "go north and fight until not a white man is left". When he was challenged over his interpretation, Grouard left the council.[32] Another interpreter, William Garnett, was brought in but quickly noted the growing tension.
With the growing trouble at the Red Cloud Agency, General George Crook was ordered to stop at Fort Robinson. A council of the Oglala leadership was called, then canceled, when Crook was incorrectly informed that Crazy Horse had said the previous evening that he intended to kill the general during the proceedings. Crook ordered Crazy Horse's arrest and then departed, leaving the military action to the post commander at Fort Robinson, Lieutenant Colonel Luther P. Bradley. Additional troops were brought in from Fort Laramie. On the morning of September 4, 1877, two columns moved against Crazy Horse's village, only to find that it had scattered during the night. Crazy Horse fled to the nearby Spotted Tail Agency with his sick wife (who had become ill with tuberculosis). After meeting with military officials at the adjacent military post of Camp Sheridan, Crazy Horse agreed to return to Fort Robinson with Lieutenant Jesse M. Lee, the Indian agent at Spotted Tail.
" | Crazy Horse, even when dying, refused to lie on the white man's cot. He insisted on being placed on the floor. Armed soldiers stood by until he died. And when he breathed his last, Touch the Clouds, Crazy Horse's seven-foot-tall Miniconjou friend, pointed to the blanket that covered the chief's body and said, "This is the lodge of Crazy Horse."[33] | " |
On the morning of September 5, 1877, Crazy Horse and Lieutenant Lee, accompanied by Touch the Clouds as well as a number of Indian scouts, departed for Fort Robinson. Arriving that evening outside the adjutant's office, Lieutenant Lee was informed that he was to turn Crazy Horse over to the Officer of the Day. Lee protested and hurried to Bradley's quarters to debate the issue, but without success. Bradley had received orders that Crazy Horse was to be arrested and taken under the cover of darkness to Division Headquarters. Lee turned the Oglala war chief over to Captain James Kennington, in charge of the post guard, who accompanied Crazy Horse to the post guardhouse. Once inside, Crazy Horse struggled with the guard and Little Big Man and attempted to escape. Just outside the door, Crazy Horse was stabbed with a bayonet by one of the members of the guard. He was taken to the adjutant's office, where he was tended by the assistant post surgeon at the post, Dr. Valentine McGillycuddy, and died late that night.
The following morning, Crazy Horse's body was turned over to his elderly parents; they took it to Camp Sheridan and placed it on a burial scaffold. The following month, when the Spotted Tail Agency was moved to the Missouri River, Crazy Horse's parents moved the remains to an undisclosed location. There are at least four possible locations as noted on a state highway memorial near Wounded Knee, South Dakota.[34] His final resting place remains unknown.
Controversy over his death
Dr. McGillycuddy, who treated Crazy Horse after he was stabbed, wrote that Crazy Horse "died about midnight". According to military records, he died before midnight, making it September 5, 1877.
John Gregory Bourke's memoir of his service in the Indian wars, On the Border with Crook, describes a different account of Crazy Horse's death. He based his account on an interview with Crazy Horse's rival, Little Big Man, who was present at Crazy Horse's arrest and wounding. The interview took place over a year after Crazy Horse's death. Little Big Man said that, as Crazy Horse was being escorted to the guardhouse, he suddenly pulled two knives from under his blanket and held one in each hand. One knife was reportedly fashioned from an army bayonet. Little Big Man, standing behind him, seized Crazy Horse by both elbows, pulling his arms up behind him. As Crazy Horse struggled, Little Big Man lost his grip on one elbow, and Crazy Horse drove his own knife deep into his own lower back. The guard stabbed Crazy Horse with his bayonet in the back. The chief fell and surrendered to the guards.
When Bourke asked about the popular account of the guard bayoneting Crazy Horse first, Little Big Man said that the guard had thrust with his bayonet, but that Crazy Horse's struggles resulted in the guard's thrust missing entirely and lodging his bayonet into the frame of the guardhouse door. Little Big Man said that in the hours immediately following Crazy Horse's wounding, the camp commander had suggested the story of the guard being responsible to hide Little Big Man's role in the death of Crazy Horse and avoid any inter-clan reprisals.
Little Big Man's account is questionable; it is the only one of 17 eyewitness sources from Lakota, US Army, and "mixed-blood" individuals that fails to attribute Crazy Horse's death to a soldier at the guardhouse. The author Thomas Powers cites various witnesses who said Crazy Horse was fatally wounded when his back was pierced by a guard's bayonet.[35]
The identity of the soldier responsible for the bayoneting of Crazy Horse is also debatable. Only one eyewitness account actually identifies the soldier as Private William Gentles. Historian Walter M. Camp circulated copies of this account to individuals who had been present who questioned the identity of the soldier and provided two additional names. To this day, the identification remains questionable.[36]
Photograph controversy
Most sources question whether Crazy Horse was ever photographed. Dr. McGillycuddy doubted any photograph of the war leader had been taken. In 1908, Walter Camp wrote to the agent for the Pine Ridge Reservation inquiring about a portrait. "I have never seen a photo of Crazy Horse," Agent Brennan replied, "nor am I able to find any one among our Sioux here who remembers having seen a picture of him. Crazy Horse had left the hostiles but a short time before he was killed and it's more than likely he never had a picture taken of himself."[37]
In 1956, a small tintype portrait purportedly of Crazy Horse was published by J. W. Vaughn in his book With Crook at the Rosebud. The photograph had belonged to the family of the scout Baptiste "Little Bat" Garnier. Two decades later, the portrait was published with further details about how the photograph was produced at Fort Robinson, though the editor of the book "remained unconvinced of the authenticity of the photograph".[38]
In the late 1990s the original tintype was on exhibit at the Custer Battlefield Museum in Garryowen, Montana. The museum says that it is the only authentic portrait of Crazy Horse. Historians continue to dispute the identification.[39][40]
Experts argue that the tintype was taken a decade or two after 1877. The evidence includes the individual's attire (such as the length of the hair pipe breastplate and the ascot tie), which closely resembles the attire of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Indian performers active from 1883 to the early 1900s. Other experts point out that the gradient lighting in the photo indicates a skylight studio portrait, common in larger cities.[41] In addition, no other photograph with the same painted backdrop has been found. Several photographers passed through Fort Robinson and the Red Cloud Agency in 1877—including James H. Hamilton, Charles Howard, David Rodocker and possibly Daniel S. Mitchell—but none used the backdrop that appears in the tintype. After the death of Crazy Horse, Private Charles Howard produced at least two images of the famed war leader's alleged scaffold grave, located near Camp Sheridan, Nebraska.[42][43]
Even the most basic outline of his life shows how great he was, because he remained himself from the moment of his birth to the moment he died; because he may have surrendered, but he was never defeated in battle; because, although he was killed, even the Army admitted he was never captured. His dislike of the oncoming civilization was prophetic. Unlike many people all over the world, when he met white men he was not diminished by the encounter.
— Ian Frazier, Great Plains [33]
In the view of author Chris Hedges, "there are few resistance figures in American history as noble as Crazy Horse", while adding that "his ferocity of spirit remains a guiding light for all who seek lives of defiance."[33]
Crazy Horse Memorial and memorial highways
Crazy Horse is commemorated by the incomplete Crazy Horse Memorial in the Black Hills of South Dakota near the town of Berne—a monument carved into a mountain, in the tradition of the Mount Rushmore National Memorial. The sculpture was begun by Ziółkowski in 1948. Plans call for the completed monument to be 641 feet (195 m) wide and 563 feet (172 m) high.
In 1924, Korczak Ziółkowski had worked under master sculptor Gutzon Borglum on the Mount Rushmore memorial. Ziółkowski was inspired to create the Crazy Horse Monument after receiving a letter from native Indian Chief Henry Standing Bear, who asked if Ziolkowski would be interested in creating a monument for the native North Americans to show that the Indian nations also have their heroes. The Native Americans consider Thunderhead Mountain, where the monument is being carved, to be sacred ground. Thunderhead Mountain is situated between Custer and Hill City. The location of Crazy Horse Monument is about 8 miles away from Mount Rushmore. The finished dimensions of the Crazy Horse memorial are expected to be approximately 641 feet (195 meters) wide and 563 feet (172 meters) tall.[44] When the Crazy Horse Monument is finished, the head of Crazy Horse will be the world's largest sculpture of the human head measuring approximately 87 feet (27 meters) tall, more than 27 feet taller than the 60-foot faces of the US Presidents carved in the side of Mount Rushmore. Upon completion, the Crazy Horse Monument will be the largest sculpture in the world.[citation needed]
The blasting continues and the memorial is a work in progress, dependent upon donations and private funding only. Although the US Government has offered to help fund the construction of the Crazy Horse Monument on several occasions, Ziokowski and his successors have declined.[45]
Since Korczak Ziolkowski's death in 1982 and Ruth Ziolkowski's (his wife) death in 2014 the project has been under the direction of the non-profit Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation, which has chosen to honor Ziokowski's intention of aiming for higher educational and cultural goals by keeping the funding of the project private. With the help of the foundation the work continues and is overseen by a number of their 10 children. There is no target completion date at this time; however, in 1998, the face of Crazy Horse was completed and dedicated. The Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation regularly takes the lead in cultural, social and educational events, including the Volksmarch, the occasion on which the public is allowed into the actual monument grounds. Visitors and enthusiasts of this event have grown to 15,000 annually. The foundation generates most of its funds from its visitor fees, with visitors numbering more than a million yearly.[45]
The Crazy Horse South Dakota monument has been the subject of controversy. The sculpted likeness of Crazy Horse is dedicated to the spirit of Crazy Horse and all Native Americans. It is well known that Crazy Horse did not want to be photographed during his lifetime and is reportedly buried in an undisclosed location. While Lakota Chief Henry Standing Bear believed in the sincerity of the motives, many Native Americans are still against this memorial. Some of the people who knew the history of Crazy Horse likened the monument to pollution and desecration of the landscape and environment of the national park and its vicinity.[46]
Crazy Horse has also been honored by having two highways named the Crazy Horse Memorial Highway. In South Dakota, the SDDOT designated US-16/US-385 between Custer and Hill City, which passes by the Crazy Horse Memorial. In November 2010, Nebraska Governor Dave Heineman approved designating US-20 from Hay Springs to Fort Robinson in honor of Crazy Horse, capping a year-long effort by citizens of Chadron. The designation may extend east another 100 miles through Cherry County to Valentine.[47]
Crazy Horse in popular culture
- Chief Crazy Horse (1955) - directed by George Sherman. Crazy Horse is played by Victor Mature.
- Crazy Horse (1995) is a movie about Crazy Horse's life. Crazy Horse is played by Native American actor Michael Greyeyes.
- ^ History Detectives, PBS (2009)
- ^ Lakota Language Consortium (2008). New Lakota Dictionary
- ^ Bright, William (2004). Native American Place Names in the United States. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, p. 125
- ^ Salter Reynolds, Susan (December 26, 2010). "Book review: 'The Killing of Crazy Horse' by Thomas Powers". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
- ^ "George Kills in Sight Describes the Death of Indian Leader Crazy Horse". History Matters. George Mason University.
- ^ He Dog interview, July 7, 1930, in: Eleanor H. Hinman (ed.), "Oglala Sources on the Life of Crazy Horse", Nebraska History 57 (Spring 1976) p. 9.
- ^ Chips Interview, February 14, 1907, in: Richard E. Jensen (ed.), The Indian Interviews of Eli S. Ricker, 1903–1919 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2005) p. 273.
- ^ Cloud Shield count, in: Garrick Mallery, Pictographs of the North American Indians, 4th Annual Report, Bureau of American Ethnology (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1886) p. 140. Richard G. Hardorff, "Stole-One-Hundred-Horses Winter: The Year the Oglala Crazy Horse was Born", Research Review, vol. 1 no. 1 (June 1987) pp. 44–47.
- ^ a b c d e f g h The Authorized Biography of Crazy Horse and His Family Part One: Creation, Spirituality, and the Family Tree, DVD William Matson and Mark Frethem, Producers.(Reelcontact.com Productions, 2006).
- ^ Lemly, "The Death of Crazy Horse", New York Sun, September 14, 1877.
- ^ Hyde, George (1974). Spotted Tail's Folk: A History of the Brulé Sioux. Civilization of the American Indian. 57 (2 ed.). Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-8061-1380-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j The Authorized Biography of Crazy Horse and His Family Part Two: Defending the Homeland Prior to the 1868 Treaty, DVD William Matson and Mark Frethem, Producers. Reelcontact.com Productions, 2007.
- ^ Sajna, Mike (2000). Crazy Horse; the Life behind the Legend. New york: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 104–109.
- ^ Bray, Kingsley M. Crazy Horse: A Lakota Life. 2006, pg.67. University of Oklahoma Press.
- ^ Lyon, William S. Spirit Talkers: North American Indian Medicine Power, 2012, pg. 354-355.
- ^ Guttmacher, Peter (1994). North American Indians of Achievement; Crazy Horse: Siouz War Chief. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers. pp. 65–67.
- ^ Neihardt, John (2014). Black Elk Speaks; The Complete Edition. University of Nebraska Press. p. 54.
- ^ Guttmacher, Peter (1994). North American Indians of Achievement; Crazy Horse: Siouz War Chief. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers. pp. 65–67.
- ^ "Fetterman Massacre". Encyclopædia Britannica-Online.
- ^ . Joseph M. Marshall III, The Journey of Crazy Horse, Penguin Books 2004.
- ^ Bray, Kingsley M. (2006). Crazy Horse: A Lakota Life. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. pp. 144––146.
- ^ "The William Garnett Interview", in The Surrender and Death of Crazy Horse: A Source Book, Ed. Richard G Hardoff, 1998. p. 43
- ^ Crazy Horse and Custer by Stephen Ambrose. "The Susan Bordeaux Bettelyoun Narrative". The Surrender and Death of Crazy Horse: A Source Book, Ed. Richard G. Hardoff, 1998. p. 126
- ^ "The William Garnett Interview", The Surrender and Death of Crazy Horse: A Source Book, Ed. Richard G. Hardoff, 1998. p. 26
- ^ "Water Man's Story of the Battle: An Arapahoe's account of the Battle of the Little Bighorn", As told to Col. Tim McCoy in 1920, reprinted from The Custer Myth: A Source Book of Custerania, written and compiled by Colonel W.A. Graham, Harrisburg, PA: The Stackpole Co., 1953, pp. 109–111, accessed 30 December 2010
- ^ Sioux warrior Little Soldier's account
- ^ Judson Elliott Walker, Campaigns of General Custer in the North-west, and the Final Surrender of Sitting Bull (1881), Black Elk Speaks (1932).
- ^ Richard G. Hardoff (ed.). Lakota Recollections, University of Nebraska Press, 1997, p.30 n.16.
- ^ Edward Kadlecek and Mabell Kadlecek, To Kill An Eagle: Indian Views on the Last Days of Crazy Horse, 1981, p.40.
- ^ "Young Black Fox was the half brother of Kicking Bear and Flying Hawk. On September 4, 1877, Young Black Fox commanded Crazy Horse's warriors in his absence. The courage displayed on that occasion earned him the respect of both Indians and whites alike. In the same year Young Black Fox sought sanctuary in Canada, but he was killed on his return to the United States in 1881 by Indians of an enemy tribe." See McCreight, Firewater and Forked Tongues: A Sioux Chief Interprets U.S. History, (1947), p.4.
- ^ Kadlecek,p.143. Also, see Kingsley M. Bray, Crazy Horse: A Lakota Life, 2006, P.314.
- ^ DeBarthe, Joe. Account by Frank Grouard of Crazy Horse, Life and Adventures of Frank Grouard, University of Oklahoma Press, 1958, pp. 53–54; at Astonisher.com.
- ^ a b c A Lesson From Crazy Horse by Chris Hedges, Truthdig, July 2, 2012
- ^ Crazy Horse Memorial
- ^ Powers, Thomas (2010). The Killing of Crazy Horse. New York: Knopf. pp. 415–416. ISBN 978-0-375-41446-6.
- ^ "Crazy Horse: Who Really Wielded the Bayonet that Killed The Oglala Leader?", Greasy Grass, May 12, 1996, pp. 2–10.
- ^ Brennan to Camp, undated (probably December 1908), Camp Collection, Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument.
- ^ Friswold, Carroll. The Killing of Crazy Horse, Glendale, CA: A. H. Clark Co., 1976; reprinted Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1988.
- ^ Buecker, Tom. "The Search for the Elusive (and Improbable) Photo of Famous Oglala Chief", Greasy Grass May 14, 1998.
- ^ Heriard, Jack. "Debating Crazy Horse: Is this the photo of the famous Oglala?", Whispering Wind Magazine, vol. 34 no. 3 (2004) pp. 16–23.
- ^ Aleiss, Angela (February 19, 2015). "Is This Crazy Horse? Investigating Indian Country's Most Controversial Photo". Indian Country Today Media Network. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
- ^ Dickson, Ephriam D. III. "Crazy Horse's Grave: A Photograph by Private Charles Howard, 1877", Little Big Horn Associates Newsletter vol. XL no. 1 (February 2006) pp. 4–5.
- ^ Dickson, Ephriam D. III. "Capturing the Lakota Spirit: Photographers at the Red Cloud and Spotted Tail Agencies", Nebraska History, vol. 88 no. 1 & 2 (Spring–Summer 2007) pp. 2–25.
- ^ Robb, De Wall, Carving a dream: Crazy Horse Memorial now in progress in the Black Hills of South Dakota (Crazy Horse: Korczak's Heritage: 1995), 97
- ^ a b Nell Jessup Newton, "Memory And Misrepresentation: Representing Crazy Horse" Connecticut Law Review (1995): 1003.
- ^ Thomas Powers, The Killing of Crazy Horse: A Lakota Life (Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma, 2008), 457
- ^ Rempp, Kerri (November 17, 2010). "Nebraska highway to be named for Lakota leader". Rapid City Journal. Retrieved March 23, 2012.
Further reading
- Ambrose, Stephen E. Crazy Horse and Custer: The Parallel Lives of Two American Warriors. 1975.
- Bray, Kingsley M. Crazy Horse: A Lakota Life. 2006. ISBN 0-8061-3785-1
- Clark, Robert. The Killing of Chief Crazy Horse: Three Eyewitness Views by the Indian, Chief He Dog the Indian White, William Garnett the White Doctor, Valentine McGillycuddy. 1988. ISBN 0-8032-6330-9
- Marshall, Joseph M. III. The Journey of Crazy Horse: A Lakota History. 2004.
- Guttmacher, Peter and David W. Baird. Ed. Crazy Horse: Sioux War Chief. New York Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 1994. 0–120. ISBN 0-7910-1712-5
- McMurtry, Larry. Crazy Horse (Penguin Lives). Puffin Books. 1999. ISBN 0-670-88234-8
- Pinn, Lionel Kitpu'se. Greengrass Pipe Dancers. 2000. ISBN 0-87961-250-9
- Powers, Thomas. The Killing of Crazy Horse. Random House, Inc. 2010. ISBN 978-0-375-41446-6.
- Sandoz, Mari. Crazy Horse, the Strange Man of the Oglalas, a biography. 1942. ISBN 0-8032-9211-2
- "Debating Crazy Horse: Is this the Famous Oglala". Whispering Wind magazine, Vol 34 #3, 2004. A discussion on the improbability of the Garryowen photo being that of Crazy Horse (the same photo shown here). The clothing, the studio setting all date the photo 1890–1910.
- The Authorized Biography of Crazy Horse and His Family Part One: Creation, Spirituality, and the Family Tree. DVD. William Matson and Mark Frethem, producers. Documentary based on over 100 hours of footage shot of family oral history detailed interviews and all Crazy Horse sites. Family had final approval on end product. Reelcontact.com, 2006.
- The Authorized Biography of Crazy Horse and His Family Part Two: Defending the Homeland Prior to the 1868 Treaty'. DVD William Matson and Mark Frethem, Producers. Reel Contact Productions, 2007.
- Russell Freedman, The Life and Death of Crazy Horse. Holiday House. 1996. ISBN 978-0-8234-1219-8
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Crazy Horse. |
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Crazy Horse |
- Final Days and Death of Crazy Horse
- PBS Biography of Crazy Horse
- A timeline of Crazy Horse's life
- Trimble: What did Crazy Horse look like?, Indian Country Today
- "Crazy Horse". Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. 1900.
- "Crazy Horse". Oglala (Lakota) Sioux Indian War Leader. Find a Grave. April 16, 1999. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
- 1840s births
- 1877 deaths
- 1877 crimes
- Lakota leaders
- Murdered Native American people
- Native American history of South Dakota
- Native American people of the Indian Wars
- People of the Great Sioux War of 1876
- Red Cloud's War
- Deaths by bayonet
- People of the American Old West
- Deaths by stabbing in the United States
- People murdered in Nebraska
- Battle of the Little Bighorn


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Trouble Connecting or Staying Connected (Wifi)
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I can't connect to the wireless system
NOTE: These instructions apply primarily to Windows XP SP2, but can be used as a troubleshooting guideline for other systems as well.
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This is normally caused by poor signal strength. The wifi system is a radio system, and like your FM radio, if you're too far from the transmitter your reception will be poor. However, there are ways to boost your signal strength and get a better connection:
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Welcome and thank you for your interest in LEO Fit. LEO Fit was designed and developed by cops for cops. This website offers specific law enforcement designed workouts, law enforcement fitness test & nutritional information. LEO Fit also conducts product reviews on different items that relate to fitness, health and or law enforcement. Opinions expressed here are honest and our own.
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Broadway Musicals 6
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text: The PlayStation Portion Of E3 Starts... Here?Stephen Totilo4/12/11 2:30pmFiled to: e3 2011PSPPS3SonySceaE3NGPPsp2187EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink We've been asked by the people behind PlayStation to save the date. June 6, 5pm Pacific. Los Angeles. That's when their big E3 press conference will happen. That's when we'll probably find out about the biggest and best gaming plans for the PS3 and NGP, at least for the next year. Advertisement Nintendo, Sony and Microsoft all hold long, invitation-only press conferences before E3. The show itself runs from Tuesday through Thursday this year. Nintendo and Microsoft will surely run their conferences some time before mid-Tuesday.What will Sony show? Draw no conclusions from the starry field here, but wonder all you want... what PS3 and NGP news will be made at Sony's E3 kick-off?Reply187 repliesLeave a reply


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Children's ski lesson in Avoriaz, France Copyright: Avoriaz
Gstaad igloo at night.
Ski instructor teaching a group the all-important "bend your knees" on the mountain. Copyright: James Young
Zermatt cable car on the Matterhorn Copyright: Matterhorn Paradise
Rider on airboard at La Plagne, France.
Ski instructor demonstrating turns in Claviere, Italy Copyright: James Young
Courtesy of Méribel (Fabien Lamborot) Copyright: Fabien Lamborot
High-altitude skiing in Val Thorens, France Copyright: Val Tho Tourism
Mountain restaurant on Stubai Glacier
Val Thorens Toboggan RUN B.Longo OT Val Thorens 9
Hot-air balloons above Zell am See-Kaprun
Snowshoeing Verbier Copyright: Verbier
Summer ski resort: Strip down and hit the Grand Motte Glacier, Tignes. Copyright: Tignes
Scenic shot of Méribel Mottaret, France
Solar restaurant on the Matterhorn Glacier Paradise (2883m)
Courtesy of James Preston, via Flickr
Ski hut in Cervinia, Italy Copyright: Cervinia Tourism
Bump Bash freestyle competition in Zermatt
Skiers on gently sloping wide piste
An expert carver in Kaernten/Carinthia, AUT. Brunso/Exp-Carve-2
flachau.jpg: Familienskigebiet Flachau, © Tourismusverband Flachau
Snowboarders on wide piste at Lake Louise, Banff
Rock The Pistes. Crédit Portes du Soleil Copyright: Portes du Soleil
A gondola in Flattach Mölltaler, AUT
Gondolas of the Alpin Express gliding over Saas Fee.
A gondola filled with passengers heads the mountain in Breckenridge, Colorado
The gondola tram of Champery, Switzerland Copyright: Champery
Skiers at Grindelwald, Switzerland
Skiers on the slopes of Selva Val Gardena
A skier descending a slope.
Skiers on the piste with cable cars overhead in Alagna
Chairlifts crossing above slopes and skiers in Andalo
Village and bottom slopes of S. Anton
This skier finds a freshly groomed run to go down at Alpine Meadows, California
Two skiers find groomed snow on a run in Mammoth Mountain, California
Resort: Méribel Mottaret
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With the number of front-end barrel stubs floating around (which have very little 'meat' at the cut), has anyone thought about doing a semi-auto blowback pistol build like the Czech Skorpian?
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With the number of front-end barrel stubs floating around (which have very little 'meat' at the cut), has anyone thought about doing a semi-auto blowback pistol build like the Czech Skorpian?
How about a single shot derringer in .30 carbine from one of those barrel pieces ??? Remember those small single shot pistol kits that used stamped sheet steel layers rivited together to form the frame ???
You mentioned .30 Carbine, which made me think of my buddy's search for 7.65Long to use in his 1935A and the conclusion he'd have to trim .30 Carbine brass.
Modèle 1935 pistol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Seemed like a good pistol, but from what I've read most are laid up for lack of ammunition. So what about using AK barrel stubs for .32ACP as replacement barrels for the 35A? For those who don't reload, maybe it's easier to make a replacement barrel and magazine mod?
* Mods might want to move this to a more-appropriate area.
Hello Story,
The 7.65 French long pistol cartridge came from the same inspiration as the .30 US carbine round... ie the WW-l Pedersen device round, M-1918 cartridge. It uses the Pedersen round !!! I believe that all are .308 inch diameter bullets. The Pedersen round was simply a overcharged .32 ACP stretched a bit and a tiny bit smaller case diameter.
The 7.62x39mm AK barrel (stubs...) use a .311 inch bore but still can shoot .308 inch bullets though not with benchrest results.
A .32 ACP conversion for the French 1935A pistol may not have enough energy to cycle the slide. Maybe a very hot load .32ACP would work.
In case anyone is bored enough to try this -
VZ-61 Skorpion .32 ACP Pistol Magazines. Pouch set comes with (2)Two Skorpion 20rnd. Magazines, and Original Magazine Pouch. Limited Qty... Very Hard to Find...
$99.99 $39.99
Cope's Distributing


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Here's a morbid bit of creative accounting, courtesy of the Wall Street Journal: if you work for Bank of America, J.P. Morgan Chase, or Wells Fargo, your employer may have taken out a life insurance policy on you.
Remember How Mad You Were About Those AIG Bonuses? They're Bigger Than You Thought
So, remember those bonuses everyone was so mad about? Well, it turns out that they were bigger than originally disclosed. A lot bigger.
Chicago Tribune Fires Reporter Covering The Recession
Let's pause a moment to consider this sentence from Crain's Chicago Business. "On the same day the Chicago Tribune cut 53 jobs from its newsroom, its parent Tribune Co. asked a Bankruptcy Court to approve of $13.3 million in bonuses and other incentive payments to 703 employees."
Fannie And Freddie To Pay $210 Million In Retention Bonuses
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are preparing to hand out $210 million in taxpayer-funded retention bonuses to 7,600 employees. No bonus will exceed $1.5 million, but more than half of all Freddie and Fannie employees will receive an average bonus exceeding $24,000.
AIG Financial Products Employee's Public Resignation Letter
Here is a resignation letter sent on Tuesday by Jake DeSantis, an executive vice president of the American International Group's financial products unit, to Edward M. Liddy, the chief executive of A.I.G. It was published in the New York Times.
AIG Big Bonus Getters Will Return Their Cash
You can put down your pitchforks, NY AG Cuomo told reporters this afternoon that most of the AIG big bonus receivers had agreed to return their bonuses. 9 of the top 10 bonus recipients, and 10 of the 15 bonus recipients in the infamous financial products services division, will return their monies. The holdouts were mainly overseas workers and those outside NY jurisdiction. The total remittance comes to about $30 million. Great, can we get back to fixing the economy now? Thanks.
AIG Turns Over The Names Of Bonus Recipients
AIG has complied with Andrew Cuomo's subpoena and turned over the names of the bonus recipients. The NY AG has released a statement about the issue, which you can read inside.
Congress Considering Sending The IRS After AIG
The Washington Post says that the House will vote this afternoon on a bill that would seek to impose a 90% tax on the AIG bonuses. The Senate Finance Committee is also working on similar legislation, but have not yet scheduled a vote.
Obama, Congress, Knew About AIG Bonuses For Months
The AIG furor continues as it turns out Obama and Congress knew about the AIG bonuses for months but previously, on the advice of lawyers, felt powerless to stop them. Question for the audience: is figuring out what happened with the AIG bonuses fundamentally important to get the economy back on track, or is it just another media circus sideshow?Obama, Congress knew about AIG bonuses for months [AP] (Photo: Marc oh!] (Thanks to Jeffrey!)
How Do You Solve A Problem Like AIG? Suicide.
Another day, another livid politician. Senator Charles Grassley of Iowa told a Cedar Rapids radio station that the AIG executives who are taking bonuses should, as an alternative, kill themselves.
NY Attorney General To AIG: You Have Until 4:00 PM To Give Us The Names
Andrew Cuomo has written a letter to AIG in which he explains that they will turn over the names of those employees from the Financial Products subsidiary (that's the division that brought down the company) who are receiving bonuses by 4:00 pm today or they are coming at them with subpoenas. Yes, ladies and gentlemen, it's another awesome Andrew Cuomo letter after the jump.
AIG To Use Bailout Cash To Pay $165 Million In Bonuses. Yes, Seriously
So, those guys at AIG who underwrote trillions of dollars worth of credit default swaps backed by securitized mortgages? The ones the Times says were "at the very heart of A.I.G.'s worldwide conflagration?" They're taking $165 million of our bailout money for bonuses. Because if we don't pay them, these people—described by AIG's government-appointed Chairman Ed Liddy as the "best and brightest talent"—will apparently leave to go ruin some other country's financial system, and we can't have that. Liddy acknowledged that the bonuses were "distasteful and difficult" before saying that he had "grave concern about the long-term consequences" of not paying up.
NY AG To Find Out Who Got The Merrill Bonus Money "By Whatever Means Is Necessary"
The NY AG has served Bank of America with a subpoena after they refused to release the names of the individuals who received over $3 billion in bonuses while Merrill Lynch was hemorrhaging money.
Merrill Lynch CEO: "Nothing Happened In The World Or The Economy" That Would Justify Suspending Bonuses
You know how Merrill Lynch recently lost $15 billion? Remember how we're in a unbelievably huge global financial crisis that threatens to unravel the fabric of our economy? John Thain says that's no reason not to pay billions of dollars in bonuses.
Despite Economic Disaster, Wall Street Collected $18.4 Billion In Bonuses
Bonuses are for a job well done, right? Well, despite the economic disaster, it seems that the folks on Wall Street rewarded themselves with $18.4 billion in bonuses in 2008, which is around the same amount as they received in 2004 — when the Dow was "flying above 10,000, on its way to a record high," says the New York Times.
WaMu Reverses Decision To Exclude Subprime Losses From Executive Bonus Calculations
Activist shareholders forced big changes at a Washington Mutual stockholder's meeting last week, especially the reversal of a much-criticized decision to exclude subprime losses when calculating executive bonus pay. Washington Mutual was one of the lenders cavorting the most eagerly in the refuse trough of subprime lending, and has endured some of the largest losses as a result. Other key shareholder wins included splitting the CEO and Chairman position, and the resignation of several key board members. Nice job, activist shareholders, way to wake the hell up long after the damage was done.


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UFO swarm around an airplane in Calgary. This could be just birds or bugs flying in front of the lense, it is hard to make out. The airplane it self looks a little suspicious, nevertheless I would like to get an expert opinion of this video of a UFOshot in Calgary, Canada in 2009. The black spots on the screen appear to be moving very fast. Could it be CGI? Bugs? Birds? Or is it the real deal and this is in fact a UFO shot in Calgary in 2009.
The UFO Connection Chat
Welcome to The UFO Connection chat! If this room is empty, please scroll down to the bottom of the page for additional chat rooms. If chat roll is not working, use the pop out button on the bottom right hand of the chat. There are five additional UFO Chat rooms at the bottom of the page.
The UFO Connection Chat Moderator,
Wednesday, November 11, 2009
1 comment:
- BLASe said...
Thanks for visiting Ufo's and Starpeople. Sorry I haven't been keeping my blog up, as my internet has been down for a long period of time. I am back and intend to do better : ) Thanks for your blog and I have posted your link.
- January 22, 2010 at 5:13 PM
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Here are some additional UFO chat rooms. Email me at firstname.lastname@example.com if you want your chat room added to my page!


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Grow Hawaiian Festival
April 20, 9:00am - 3:00pmHonolulu Campus, Bishop Museum
Enjoy a fascinating day at the Grow Hawaiian Festival—an Earth Day event that highlights Hawaii's culture, native plants, and sustainable lifestyles.
Presented by Hawaiian Electric Company, the festival offers activities for everyone:
- Learn from artisans how to make traditional crafts and implements.
- Attend a special presentation on medicinal plants.
- Buy native plants and talk to our UH Master Gardeners on Oahu about growing them.
- Teach your children about conservation, clean energy, and electrical safety.
- Listen to music by Nāpua Makua and Hōkū Zuttermeister.
- Participate in Makahiki games and activities with prizes.
Ticket Information
Free to kama'aina and military
Event Sponsor
CTAHR TPSS Cooperative Extension Service UH Master Gardener program, Mānoa Campus
More Information
HECO, 543-7511, http://growhawaiian.heco.com
Saturday, April 20 |
7:00am |
The Wellness Center - Fitness Class Schedule
Maui Campus, Pilina Bldg., Wellness Center
9:00am |
Grow Hawaiian Festival
Honolulu Campus, Bishop Museum
9:00am |
ARCS Scholar Symposium
Mānoa Campus, POST 723
9:00am |
Lyon Arboretum Spring Plant Sale
3860 Manoa Road
5:00pm |
Maui Campus, Pa'ina
7:30pm |
UH Gamelan Ensembles
Mānoa Campus, UHM Music - Barbara Smith Amphitheater
7:30pm |
PACIITA: Pacific Islanders in the Arts Showcase TAMA'ITA'I SA PRODUCTION
Mānoa Campus, Campus Center Ballroom
8:00pm |
Thread Hell
Mānoa Campus, Kennedy Theatre on the Mainstage


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After my first gift exchange, where my original person didn't send and my regifter didn't send, I wasn't really expecting much. However, I was pleasantly surprised with the amazing snack I got. My roommate and I literally just finished a full bag of these last week.
How did you know?!
Were currently planning to make some oatmeal cookies with these as the raisins. :)
Thanks Mystery Person!


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I am looking for a good DR here in NYC to perform Lasik on my eyes. I'm not sure how to go about finding someone reputable. There are lots of ads but I don't want to pick someone just because they are a bargain.
Any advice on what to look for or expect?
The info below might be useful. It's from the University of California at Berekely Wellness Letter, which I would say is a good source. FWIW, this is the link, but it only works for subscribers: http://wellnessletter.com//subCorner/RA2001/scRA0901_06.php
Who's a good candidate for refractive surgery? You must have healthy, stable eyes. That is, your refractive problems should not be worsening, and you should be 18 or older. Myopia continues to develop until about age 26, so if that's your problem, you should wait until at least that age. There is no upper age limit, but those with diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, glaucoma, herpes infections of the eye, or cataracts are not good candidates. People taking certain drugs, such as Accutane for acne, should not undergo this surgery. You must not be pregnant or nursing. The more severe your refractive problem, unfortunately, the less likely you are to experience a satisfactory outcome. The surgery is not recommended for those with severe myopia. Finally, you need to have the money to pay for it. There are a few surgical options for presbyopia, but they are more difficult and still largely experimental. Where can I find a surgeon? Ideally, you should get a referral to a refractive surgeon from your optometrist or ophthalmologist. Or you can get a list of specialists from the American Academy of Ophthalmology (phone 415-561-8500), or from the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (703-591-2220). Only ophthalmologists can do refractive surgery, except in Oklahoma, which allows optometrists to do it; many optometrists work closely with surgeons, providing both pre-operative evaluations and post-operative care. How can I tell if the surgeon is qualified? Ask about how long he/she has been doing the surgery, including the number of operations performed and the success rate. How does he/she define success? What courses has he/she taken? Your surgeon should explain all risks in advance and should carefully determine whether you are a good candidate. Bring all your eye prescription records with you, so that your eye stability can be judged. He/she should measure your pupils, since too-large pupils may rule you out as a candidate. Finally, if the doctor concludes you are not a candidate, don't keep shopping around until you find a surgeon willing to do the operation.
Surgical Eyes (now called something like "VSRN", I think) gives lots of anecdotal information about the low-probability, but high-anguish failure modes of LASIK. Combined with my opthamologists' counter-recommendation, and a friend who had to put in eye drops every half hour for 6 months after his LASIK, I decided that glasses are a low price to pay.
Kenneth R Cohen MD Lasik, Epi-Lasik, Lasek Opthalmology. 303 2nd Ave, New York, NY 10003 (212) 505-2151
www.eyeinstitutenewyork.com totally trust him He helped when when I had an eye problem from karate.
Mark Speaker
was recommended by my regular eye doctor.
If you're willing to travel, the very best you can get is Dr. Scott McRae at the StrongVision Center at the Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester NY. He helped Bausch & Lomb develop their latest LASIK system. Among the very best results in the industry.
Starts at 5500 for both eyes.
AMY...WITHOUT GLASSES!?! :cry: -Eff
I had it done 7 years ago ... the best thing I ever did ...
You might want to check out this thread
"Change your thoughts, and you change your world" - Norman Vincent Peale.
I had it done. I'm actually in CA getting a check-up with my doctor now. I flew to California to have it done because my folks (both doctors) were very happy with their lasik from this doctor.
Don't bargain with your eyes.
Just be sure your corneas are not soft. My dad just had his eye done a few weeks ago and his corneas were so soft that the suction cup they put on his eyes scratched one and made that eye blind. Before that, they thought he was a perfect canidate for lasik. Thankfully, it was mild enough that it could be fixed with the old kind of laser surgery where they structure the outside of the cornea instead of cutting the flap and doing the inside, but it takes 3 weeks to be able to see fully again.
Nurseboy had that. There's longer recovery times, but it seems to be safer, with fewer side-effects, and less risk should you need to "adjust" your eyes again later.
If you're willing to travel but would rather take a train than a plane, check out http://www.seewithlasik.com/
I did a story on Dr. Satish Modi and he really seems to know the hell out of the stuff. I'll drive you to and from the train station.
I can send you a pdf of the finished newspaper story (the free archives only go a week) if you want more details.
C'mon over to my place. I got a pocket knife and some tweezers. I'll fix ya right up.
Quoted from "Effervescent"
AMY...WITHOUT GLASSES!?! :cry: -Eff
Disco's brother Fuzzy recently got LASIK here in Chicago - and since he was known for his glasses, he actually got himself some non-prescription ones to wear occasionally.
We are the keepers of Funny, the Judges, the Whisperers. We are Superior Naysayers And Rebukers of Knavery. We are SNARK. - Boosh!
NPR recently did a piece on LASIK
Your Health Your Questions on Lasik Eye Surgery by Vikki Valentine NPR.org, October 19, 2006 We asked for your questions last week after features on the vision-correcting surgical procedures Lasik and radial keratotomy.
Quoted from "Miss Behave"
I am looking for a good DR here in NYC to perform Lasik on my eyes. I'm not sure how to go about finding someone reputable. There are lots of ads but I don't want to pick someone just because they are a bargain. Any advice on what to look for or expect?
Maybe some of these links might help you make an informed decision: http://www.allaboutvision.com/visionsurgery/ http://ezinearticles.com/?Secrets-to-Finding-the-Best-Lasik-Eye-Surgeon-in-Any-Major-City&id=412207 http://www.mandelvision.com/html/drmandel.html http://www.lasik1.com/comdir/DrChynn.html
"Change your thoughts, and you change your world" - Norman Vincent Peale.
I had it done in October and I LOVE it!
I'm in N.O., so I can't recommend anyone to you, but I can tell you what to expect. Just be sure to ask a bunch of questions when you have your consultation. This is a big deal, so make sure you re comfortable.
I was very nervous, but they give you groovy drugs 1/2 prior to surgery. This claw like contraption holds your eyes open. Then, the Dr. told me to let him know when my vision goes black. I never felt any pain whatsoever, just pressure. The whole experience was so weird. I was relaxed (due to the groovy drugs) but in mind I was screaming and freaking. I was like "Oh my God, this thing is holding my eye open like some weird alien experiment. Oh my God, I can't see anything, I'm blind!!!" But on the outside I was like "groovy baby, I'm like totally blind right now, that's some cool sh t."
The results were instant. As soon as we were done, I had 20/20 vision, which is great for me b/c prior to surgery I could barely read the "E." He gave me a script for sleeping pills and told me to sleep for the rest of the day to let my eyes rest. Which I strongly recommend b/c stupid me tried to stay up and eat, but then my eyes started burning. The only uncomfortable thing was the eye shields I had to wear for three nights. You look like a giant fly. My husband just loved making fun of me. haha.
Good Luck! I hope you decide to do it! I just love waking up in the morning and not have to reach for glasses.
Oh! I forgot to mention that it has helped my night vision significantly. I don't see the horrible blinding halos around headlights or streetlights or anything.
Concerning "halos": spend the extra to get bladeless lasik. The chances of seeing nightime halos are 10 times lower with bladeless vs. bladed. The only difference is that they use a laser to slice the corneal flap instead of a sharp blade.
The LASIK technique becomes almost irrelevant if the incision is not made in the correct place. There are a number of causes of halos.
"Change your thoughts, and you change your world" - Norman Vincent Peale.
Do it, I had it done just over 2 years ago, it is awesome...my vision is now roughly 20/15, better than I have ever seen in my entire life. Really there is very little difference between having a blade do the cutting or a laser, I had the blade, everything is fine no halos...plus your eyes tend to heal a little faster because of the rougher edges of the cut...
The weirdest thing was waking up the next day and being able to see perfectly...
I may not live there anymore, but my dancing feet will always be from L.A.
Quoted from "sdswinger"
The weirdest thing was waking up the next day and being able to see perfectly...
I had it done over 7 years ago, and I still marvel at how well I can see when I wake up ... best decision I ever made, best spending I ever did!
"Change your thoughts, and you change your world" - Norman Vincent Peale.
You might also consider getting a recommendation from an eye care professional who's opinion you, or someone you trust, values highly. If you need the name of someone for an exam and recommendation, pm me.
Quoted from "bobina"
I was like "Oh my God, this thing is holding my eye open like some weird alien experiment. Oh my God, I can't see anything, I'm blind!!!" But on the outside I was like "groovy baby, I'm like totally blind right now, that's some cool sh t."
ROFLMAO!!!! :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol:
Thanks all. Seeing would be exciting.
I'm reviving this thread - I've been contemplating getting lasik for a while now but due to severe myopia (I wear -9 and -10 contacts) and a former eye doctor who refused to give me a recommendation put it off. My new doctor (of 5 years now) gave me a recommendation for someone who has really good reviews online but a few really negative ones and some of the positive sound suspiciously alike.
So I've got a little freaking out going on. And I know technology changes a lot quickly, so I'm wondering if anyone has had lasik done recently and how they felt about the results.
And of course, NYC recommendations (in addition to what's been made) are welcome.
Appointment made for one month from now at Gotham Lasik. Anxiety already going to work on me. Apparently I need the valium now to get me through the next few weeks and the surgery.


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Lacrosse news straight to your inbox.
Monday July 23rd, 2012 4:51pm
BOSTON, Mass. – The Boston Cannons on Wednesday named Steve Duffy as the new head coach. After serving as a Cannons assistant coach for three seasons, Duffy will be the fourth head coach in the franchise's 11-year history.
"I am thrilled to lead the Cannons on the field as the next head coach of the team," said Duffy. "We have our work cut out for us, defending the title as the league expands and the competition gets tougher. I know what it takes to win the Steinfeld Trophy, and winning back to back championships is the goal for 2012."
Duffy is the third consecutive head coach promoted from an assistant coach position, following Scott Hiller (assistant 2001; head coach 2002-05) and Bill Daye (assistant 2005; head coach 2006-11). As the Cannons defensive assistant coach, Duffy was responsible for game day substitutions, man-down play calling and practice planning.
"We are proud to have built a family of coaches who grow into leaders for our team," said Cannons Founding Owner Matt Dwyer. "Coach Duffy has been an integral part of our success over the past three seasons and we are excited to have him take over as head coach."
General Manager Kevin Barney added, "Although we appreciate the interest of many other candidates, Steve's knowledge of our players and the other MLL teams, as well as his tremendous dedication to the Cannons organization, made him the strongest candidate from the beginning. His experience with the Cannons will provide a seamless transition as we prepare for 2012."
A Waltham, Mass. native, Duffy coached at Waltham High School for 18 years, first winning recognition with both the Boston Globe and Eastern Massachusetts Lacrosse Coaches Association Coach of the Year Awards in 1999. He earned Metro West Coach of the Year in 2001 and 2005 when he led his team to the state semifinals and finals, respectively. For these accolades and long dedication to the program, Duffy was recently inducted into the Waltham High School Hall of Fame. While at the helm of the varsity team, Duffy also founded the Waltham Youth Lacrosse Program in 1994 to further foster the sport's development in his hometown. He remains a board member for the Patriot Youth Lacrosse League.
Since Duffy joined the Cannons coaching staff in 2009, they have earned a post season berth in each of the last three seasons. He helped coach the Cannons to consecutive MLL-best regular seasons in 2010 and 2011, and was on the sideline for the Cannons' first MLL Championship victory last season.
"Coach Duffy's stature in the local lacrosse community will be invaluable as we continue to build the Cannons brand throughout the region," continued Barney. "Along with his coaching duties and community appearances, he will be taking over as Director of Cannons Camp, our series of educational summer programs held in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Maine and Connecticut."
Jim Murphy will remain on staff as an assistant coach, a position he's held since the 2003 season. Up first for Duffy as head coach are the upcoming drafts: The Expansion Draft on December 7, the Supplemental Draft on December 14 and the Collegiate Draft on January 13. The team will hold an open tryout, presented by CroART Lacrosse and CATZ Performance Center, next March. The 2012 season will begin on Saturday, April 28.
The Boston Cannons are one of the founding franchises of Major League Lacrosse, the premier professional outdoor lacrosse league. They began play in June of 2001 and currently host home games at Harvard Stadium in Boston. They won their first MLL Championship on August 28, 2011. Season tickets for the 2012 season are now on sale starting at $84 for seven Cannons home games. For more information or to purchase tickets, call 617.746.9933 or visit www.BostonCannons.com.


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XI was at a basketball game tonight so I caught up to the results late. I'd have put 'Noop through in a heartbeat, and the judges did, along with Jasmine Murray, Megan Joy Corkrey (who had to endure being paired with Tatiana for still more pointless melodrama) and Matt Giraud for a Top 13 instead of a Top 12. If that's what it takes to get Anoop in, then fine. The gender imbalance is 8-5, but considering what we've heard collectively from the men and the women, that actually seems a little kind to the women. And I wonder how they'll work the eliminations, picking off two one week or just stretching the season some way.
11 p.m. addendum: I managed to watch "Survivor" tonight but it's a little late for more TV thoughts. Will be back on the block tomorrow.
Friday morning addition: I have put the announcement of the Top 13 after the jump.
Here's the official word:
Tonight, in a surprising "Wild Card" episode, it was revealed that Jasmine Murray from Starkville, MS; Megan Joy Corkrey from Sandy, UT; Matt Giraud from Kalamazoo, MI; and Anoop Desai from Chapel Hill, NC, were chosen by the AMERICAN IDOL judges to advance in the competition and join Kris Allen, Danny Gokey, Alexis Grace, Allison Iraheta, Adam Lambert, Scott MacIntyre, Jorge Nuñez, Lil Rounds and Michael Sarver in the AMERICAN IDOL Top 13. This is the first time in IDOL history that 13 finalists have been chosen to compete for the title of the next American Idol.
Next week America's Top 13 will take the stage for the first time and battle it out for the IDOL crown. A new IDOL stage will be revealed when the Top 13 finalists perform live Tuesday, March 10 (8:00-10:00 PM ET live/PT tape-delayed) on FOX. Tune in the following night Wednesday, March 11 (9:00-10:00 PM ET live/PT tape-delayed) to the live results show to see Kelly Clarkson perform her smash single "My Life Would Suck Without You," watch Kanye West entertain the audience with his hit "Heartless" and find out who receives enough votes to stay in the competition and who is sent home.
The AMERICAN IDOL Top 13 finalists are:
Kris Allen (23) – Currently lives in Conway, AR, but grew up in Jacksonville, AR. Allen is a student at the University of Central Arkansas. He has been singing and playing the guitar since he was 13 years old.
Megan Joy Corkrey (23) – Corkrey lives in Sandy, UT, with her 2-year-old son, Ryder. She has been singing since age 3, and is a self-professed "foodie."
Anoop Desai (22) – Born and raised in Chapel Hill, NC. Desai is working on his master's degree at the University of North Carolina. During his undergraduate years, he was a member of the UNC Clef Hangers, an a cappella group.
Matt Giraud (23) – Currently lives in Kalamazoo, MI, but grew up in Ypsilanti, MI. Giraud is a life-long resident of Michigan who graduated from Western Michigan University in 2007. He sings and plays piano in local clubs and hotels.
Danny Gokey (28) – Raised and currently lives in Milwaukee, WI. Gokey is the president and founder of a non-profit organization. In addition to singing, he plays the piano and loves salsa dancing.
Alexis Grace (21) – Born and raised in Memphis, TN. Grace has been singing since she was 7 years old. She was a member of the Concert Choir at the University of Memphis, and enjoys dancing, playing the guitar and taking care of her daughter.
Allison Iraheta (16) – Currently lives in Downey, CA, but originally from Los Angeles, CA. Iraheta is a junior in high school who began singing at age 5. She also enjoys playing the guitar.
Adam Lambert (27) – Lambert grew up in San Diego but currently lives in Hollywood. He began singing at age 10, and has been involved with musical theater for the past eight years.
Scott MacIntyre (23) – Born and raised in Scottsdale, AZ. MacIntyre earned his bachelor's degree from Arizona State University at age 19, and attended graduate school in London, England. He also plays piano, guitar and drums.
Jasmine Murray (17) – Murray lives in Starkville, MS, and attends The Mississippi School of the Arts. She loves being on stage and has been singing since she was 3 years old.
Jorge Nuñez (21) – Currently resides in Carolina, Puerto Rico, but originally from Cidra, Puerto Rico. Nuñez is in his fourth year at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras. In addition to English and Spanish, Nuñez is also fluent in French.
Lil Rounds (24) – Rounds was raised and currently lives in Memphis, TN, with her husband and three children. Music has always been a part of her life, and she began singing when she was 3 years old.
Michael Sarver (27) – Raised and currently lives in Jasper, TX. Sarver is married with two children and works on an oil rig. He has always dreamed of being a singer/songwriter. Sarver also plays the piano, drums and guitar