text:
Gaia (spacecraft)
Artist's impression of the Gaia spacecraft
Mission type | Astrometric observatory |
Operator | ESA |
Website |
/ |
Mission duration |
planned: 5 years[1] elapsed: 2 years, 6 months and 14 days |
Spacecraft properties | |
Manufacturer |
EADS Astrium e2v Technologies |
Launch mass | 2,029 kg (4,473 lb)[2] |
Dry mass | 1,392 kg (3,069 lb) |
Payload mass | 710 kg (1,570 lb)[3] |
Dimensions | 4.6 m × 2.3 m (15.1 ft × 7.5 ft) |
Power | 1910 watts |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | 19 December 2013, 09:12:14 UTC | [4]
Rocket | Soyuz ST-B/Fregat-MT |
Launch site | Kourou ELS |
Contractor | Arianespace |
Orbital parameters | |
Reference system | Sun–Earth L2 |
Regime | Lissajous orbit |
Periapsis | 263,000 km (163,000 mi)[5] |
Apoapsis | 707,000 km (439,000 mi)[5] |
Period | 180 days |
Epoch | planned |
Main telescope | |
Type | Three-mirror anastigmat[2] |
Diameter | 1.45 m × 0.5 m (4.8 ft × 1.6 ft) |
Collecting area | 0.7 m2 |
Transponders | |
Band |
S Band (TT&C support) X Band (data acquisition) |
Bandwidth |
few kbit/s down & up (S Band) 3-8Mbit/s download (X Band) |
Instruments | |
ASTRO: Astrometric instrument BP/RP: Photometric instrument RVS: Radial Velocity Spectrometer |
Gaia is a space observatory of the European Space Agency (ESA) designed for astrometry.[6][7] The mission aims to construct a 3D space catalog of approximately 1 billion astronomical objects, mainly stars[8][9] (approximately 1% of the Milky Way population)[10] brighter than 20 G magnitude, where G is the Gaia magnitude passband between about 400 and 1000 nanometres light wavelengths.[11] Additionally Gaia is expected to detect thousands to tens of thousands of Jupiter-sized planets beyond the Solar System,[12] 500,000 quasars and tens of thousands of new asteroids and comets within the Solar System.[6][13][14] The spacecraft will monitor each of its target stars about 70 times over a period of five years.
Gaia will create a precise three-dimensional map of astronomical objects throughout the Milky Way and map their motions, which encode the origin and subsequent evolution of the Milky Way. The spectrophotometric measurements will provide the detailed physical properties of all stars observed, characterizing their luminosity, effective temperature, gravity and elemental composition. This massive stellar census will provide the basic observational data to tackle a wide range of important questions related to the origin, structure, and evolutionary history of our galaxy.
Successor to the Hipparcos mission, the telescope is part of ESA's Horizon 2000+ long-term scientific program. Gaia was launched on 19 December 2013 by Arianespace using a Soyuz ST-B/Fregat-MT rocket flying from Kourou in French Guiana.[15][16] The spacecraft currently operates in a Lissajous orbit around the Sun–Earth L2 Lagrangian point.
- History 1
- Objectives 2
Spacecraft 3
- Scientific instruments 3.1
- Measurement principles 3.2
- Data processing 4
- Launch and orbit 5
- Stray light problem 6
- Mission progress 7
- See also 8
- References 9
- External links 10
The Gaia space telescope has its roots in ESA's Hipparcos mission (1989–1993). Its mission was proposed in October 1993 by Lennart Lindegren (Lund University, Sweden) and Michael Perryman (ESA) in response to a call for proposals for ESA's Horizon Plus long-term scientific programme. It was adopted by ESA's Science Programme Committee as cornerstone mission number 6 on 13 October 2000, and the B2 phase of the project was authorised on 9 February 2006, with EADS Astrium taking responsibility for the hardware. The name "Gaia" was originally derived as an acronym for Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics. This reflected the optical technique of interferometry that was originally planned for use on the spacecraft. However, the working method has now changed, and although the acronym is no longer applicable, the name Gaia remains to provide continuity with the project.[17]
The total cost of the mission is around €740 million (~ $1 billion), including the manufacture, launch and ground operations.[18] Gaia was completed two years behind schedule and 16% above its initial budget, mostly due to the difficulties encountered in polishing Gaia 's ten mirrors and assembling and testing the focal plane camera system, as well as other issues.[19]
The Gaia space mission has the following objectives:
- To determine the intrinsic luminosity of a star requires knowledge of its distance. One of the few ways to achieve this without physical assumptions is through the star's parallax. Ground-based observations would not measure such parallaxes with sufficient precision due to the effects of the atmosphere and instrumental biases. For instance, Cepheid variables are used as standard candles to measure distances to galaxies, but the accuracy in their own distance measurement is poor. Thus, quantities depending on them, such as the speed of expansion of the universe, remain inaccurate. Measuring their distances accurately has a great impact on the understanding of the other galaxies and thus the whole cosmos.
- Observations of the faintest objects will provide a more complete view of the stellar luminosity function. Gaia will observe 1 billion stars and other bodies, representing 1% of such bodies in the Milky Way galaxy.[20] All objects up to a certain magnitude must be measured in order to have unbiased samples.
- A large number of objects are needed to examine the more rapid stages of stellar evolution. Observing a large number of objects in the galaxy is also important in order to understand the dynamics of our galaxy.
- Measuring the astrometric and kinematic properties of a star is necessary in order to understand the various stellar populations, especially the most distant.
In order to achieve these objectives, Gaia has these goals:
- Determine the position, distance, and annual proper motion of 1 billion stars with an accuracy of about 20 microarcseconds (µas) at 15 mag, and 200 µas at 20 mag.
- Determine the positions of stars at a magnitude of V = 10 down to a precision of 7 μas—this is equivalent to measuring the diameter of a hair from 1000 km away—between 12 and 25 μas down to V = 15, and between 100 and 300 μas to V = 20, depending on the colour of the star.
- About 20 million stars will be measured with a distance precision of 1% and about 200 million will be measured to better than 10%. Distances accurate to 10% will be achieved as far away as the Galactic Centre, 30,000 light-years away.[21]
- Measure the tangential speed of 40 million stars to a precision of better than 0.5 km/s.
- Derive the atmospheric parameters (effective temperature, line-of-sight interstellar extinction, surface gravity, metallicity) for all stars observed,[22] plus some more detailed chemical abundances for targets brighter than V = 15.[23]
- Measure the orbits and inclinations of a thousand extrasolar planets accurately, determining their true mass using astrometric planet detection methods.[24][25]
- Detect the bending of starlight by the Sun's gravitational field, as predicted by Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, and therefore directly observe the structure of space-time.[17]
- Potential to discover Apohele asteroids with orbits that lie between Earth and the Sun, a region that is difficult for Earth-based telescopes to monitor since this region is only visible in the sky during or near the daytime.[26]
- Detect up to 500,000 quasars.
Gaia was launched by Arianespace, using a Soyuz ST-B rocket with a Fregat-MT upper stage, from the Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz at Kourou in French Guiana on 19 December 2013 at 09:12 UTC (06:12 local time). The satellite separated from the rocket's upper stage 43 minutes after launch at 09:54 UTC.[27][28] The craft headed towards the Sun–Earth Lagrange point L2 located approximately 1.5 million kilometres from Earth, arriving there 8 January 2014.[29] The L2 point provides the spacecraft with a very stable gravitational and thermal environment. There it uses a Lissajous orbit that avoids blockage of the Sun by the Earth, which would limit the amount of solar energy the satellite could produce through its solar panels, as well as disturb the spacecraft's thermal equilibrium. After launch, a 10-metre diameter sunshade was deployed. The sunshade always faces the Sun, thus keeping all telescope components cool and powering Gaia using solar panels on its surface.
Scientific instruments
The Gaia payload consists of three main instruments:
- The astrometry instrument (Astro) precisely determines the positions of stars of magnitude 5.7 to 20 by measuring their angular position. By combining the measurements of any given star over the five-year mission, it will be possible to determine its parallax, and therefore its distance, and its proper motion —the velocity of the star as it moves on the plane of the sky.
- The photometric instrument (BP/RP) allows the acquisition of luminosity measurements of stars over the 320–1000 nm spectral band, over the same magnitude 5.7–20. The blue and red photometers (BP/RP) are used to determine stellar properties such as temperature, mass, age and elemental composition.[17][30] Multi-colour photometry is provided by two low-resolution fused-silica prisms dispersing all the light entering the field of view in the along-scan direction prior to detection. The Blue Photometer (BP) operates in the wavelength range 330–680 nm; the Red Photometer (RP) covers the wavelength range 640–1050 nm.[31]
- The Radial-Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) is used to determine the velocity of celestial objects along the line of sight by acquiring high-resolution spectra in the spectral band 847–874 nm (field lines of calcium ion) for objects up to magnitude 17. Radial velocities are measured with a precision between 1 km/s (V=11.5) and 30 km/s (V=17.5). The measurements of radial velocities are important to correct for perspective acceleration which is induced by the motion along the line of sight."[31] The RVS reveals the velocity of the star along the line of sight of Gaia by measuring the Doppler shift of absorption lines in a high-resolution spectrum.
In order to maintain the fine pointing to focus on stars many light years away, there are almost no moving parts. The spacecraft subsystems are mounted on a rigid silicon carbide frame, which provides a stable structure that will not expand or contract due to heat. Attitude control is provided by small cold gas thrusters that can output 1.5 micrograms of nitrogen per second.
The telemetric link with the satellite is about 3 Mbit/s on average, while the total content of the focal plane represents several Gbit/s. Therefore only a few dozen pixels around each object can be downlinked.
Measurement principles
Despite its name, Gaia does not actually use interferometry to determine the positions of stars. At the time of the original design, interferometry seemed the best way to achieve the target resolution, but the design later evolved into an imaging telescope. Similar to its predecessor Hipparcos, but with a precision one hundred times better, Gaia consists of two telescopes providing two observing directions with a fixed, wide angle of 106.5° between them.[33] The spacecraft rotates continuously around an axis perpendicular to the two telescopes' lines of sight. The spin axis in turn has a slight precession across the sky, while maintaining the same angle to the Sun. By precisely measuring the relative positions of objects from both observing directions, a rigid system of reference is obtained.
The two key telescope properties are:
- 1.45 × 0.5 m primary mirror for each telescope
- 1.0 × 0.5 m focal plane array on which light from both telescopes is projected. This in turn consists of 106 CCDs of 4500 × 1966 pixels each, for a total of one gigapixel.[34][35][36]
Each celestial object will be observed on average about 70 times during the mission, which is expected to last five years. These measurements will help determine the astrometric parameters of stars: two corresponding to the angular position of a given star on the sky, two for the derivatives of the star's position over time (motion) and lastly, the star's parallax from which distance can be calculated. The radial velocity of the brighter stars is measured by an integrated spectrometer observing the Doppler effect. Because of the physical constraints imposed by the Soyuz spacecraft, Gaia 's focal arrays could not be equipped with optimal radiation shielding, and ESA expects their performance to suffer somewhat toward the end of the five year mission. Ground tests of the CCDs while they were subjected to radiation provided reassurance that the primary mission's objectives can be met.
The expected accuracies of the final catalogue data have been calculated following in-orbit testing, taking into account the issues of stray light, degradation of the optics, and the basic angle instability. The best accuracies for parallax, position, and proper motion are obtained for the brighter observed stars, apparent magnitudes 3-12. The standard deviation for these stars is expected to be 6.7 micro-arc seconds or better. For fainter stars, error levels increase, reaching 26.6 micro-arc seconds error in the parallax for 15th magnitude stars, and several hundred micro-arc seconds for 20th magnitude stars.[37] For comparison, the best parallax error levels from the new Hipparcos reduction are no better than 100 micro-arc seconds, with typical levels several times larger.[38]
Data processing
The overall data volume that will be retrieved from the spacecraft during the five-year mission assuming a nominal compressed data rate of 1 Mbit/s is approximately 60 TB, amounting to about 200 TB of usable uncompressed data on the ground, stored in the InterSystems Caché database. The responsibility of the data processing, partly funded by ESA, has been entrusted to a European consortium (the Data Processing and Analysis Consortium, or DPAC) which has been selected after its proposal to the ESA Announcement of Opportunity released in November 2006. DPAC's funding is provided by the participating countries and has been secured until the production of Gaia 's final catalogue scheduled for 2020.
Gaia will send back data for about eight hours every day at about 5 Mbit/s. ESA's two most sensitive ground stations, the 35 m diameter radio dishes in Cebreros, Spain, and New Norcia, Australia, will receive the data.[17]
Launch and orbit
In October 2013 ESA had to postpone Gaia 's original launch date, due to a precautionary replacement of two of Gaia 's transponders. These are used to generate timing signals for the downlink of science data. A problem with an identical transponder, on a satellite already in orbit, necessitated their replacement and reverification once incorporated into Gaia. The rescheduled launch window was from 17 December 2013 to 5 January 2014, and Gaia slated for launch on 19 December.[40]
Gaia was successfully launched on 19 December 2013 at 09:12 UTC.[41] About three weeks after launch, on 8 January 2014, it reached its designated orbit around the SEL2 point.[5][42]
The ephemeris of Gaia satellite and the field of view map can be computed with the help of the public dedicated web-interface Gaiainthesky [43] for any location on Earth.
Testing and calibration phase, started while Gaia was en route to SEL2 point continued until the end of July 2014,[44] three months behind schedule due to unforeseen issues with ice deposits and stray light entering the detector.
Stray light problem
Shortly after launch, ESA revealed that Gaia was suffering from a stray light problem, initially thought to be due to ice deposits, causing some of the light diffracted around the edges of the sunshield and entering the telescope apertures to be reflected towards the focal plane.[45] Later, the source of the stray light has been identified as the fibers of the sunshield, protruding beyond the edges of the shield.[46] This will result in a "degradation in science performance [which] will be relatively modest and mostly restricted to the faintest of Gaia 's one billion stars." Mitigation schemes are being implemented to optimise the mission performance.
Mission progress
On September 12, 2014, Gaia discovered its first supernova in another galaxy.[47] On July 3, 2015, a map of the Milky Way by star density was released, based on data from the spacecraft.[48] It is planned that a primary catalog of Gaia 's observations will be released in 2016.
See also
- ^ "Gaia: fact sheet".
- ^ a b "GAIA (Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics) Mission".
- ^ "Frequently Asked Questions about Gaia".
- ^ "Gaia Liftoff".
- ^ a b c "Gaia enters its operational orbit".
- ^ a b "ESA Gaia home".
- ^ Spie (2014). "Timo Prusti plenary: Gaia: Scientific In-orbit Performance". SPIE Newsroom.
- ^ "A billion pixels for a billion stars". BBC Science and Environment (BBC). 10 October 2011.
- ^ "We have already installed the eye of 'Gaia' with a billion pixels to study the Milky Way". Science Knowledge. 14 July 2011.
- ^ "ESA Gaia spacecraft summary". ESA. 20 May 2011.
- ^ "Gaia Science Performance". Rssd.esa.int.
- ^ "Gaia Science Objectives".
- ^ "ESA's Gaia... Launches With A Billion Pixel Camera". Satnews.com. 19 December 2013.
- ^ "Gaia space telescope to detect killer asteroids". thehindubusinessline.com. 19 December 2013.
- ^ "Announcement of Opportunity for the Gaia Data Processing Archive Access Co-Ordination Unit".
- ^ "Arianespace to launch Gaia; ESA mission will observe a billion stars in our galaxy". Press releases. Arianespace. 16 December 2009.
- ^ a b c d "ESA Gaia overview". ESA.
- ^ "Gaia spacecraft set for launch on mission to map a billion stars". Theguardian. 13 December 2013.
- ^ Svitak, Amy, Galaxy charter, Aviation Week and Space Technology, 2 September 2013, p.30
- ^ Svitak, Amy, Galaxy charter, Aviation Week and Space Technology, 2 September 2013, p.30
- ^ Perryman, M.A.C; Pace, O. (August 2000). "GAIA – Unraveling the Origin and Evolution of Our Galaxy" (PDF). ESA Bulletin 103.
- ^ Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; et al. (2013). "The Gaia astrophysical parameters inference system (Apsis)". Astronomy & Astrophysics 559: A74.
- ^ Kordopatis, G.; Recio-Blanco, A.; De Laverny, P.; Bijaoui, A.; Hill, V.;
- ^ Casertano, S.; Lattanzi, M. G.; Sozzetti, A.; Spagna, A.; Jancart, S.; Morbidelli, R.; Pannunzio, R.; Pourbaix, D.; Queloz, D. (2008). "Double-blind test program for astrometric planet detection with Gaia". Astronomy and Astrophysics 482 (2): 699.
- ^ "GAIA – Exoplanets". European Space Agency. 27 June 2013.
- ^ "Mapping the galaxy, and watching our backyard". ESA. July 2004.
- ^ Clark, Stephen (19 December 2013). "Mission Status Center". Soyuz Launch Report. Spaceflight Now.
- ^ Amos, Jonathan (19 December 2013). "BBC News – Gaia 'billion star surveyor' lifts off".
- ^ Gaia project team (24 April 2014). "Commissioning update". esa.
- ^ "The expected performance of stellar parametrization from Gaia spectrophotometry". arXiv.
- ^ a b Jordan, S. (2008). "The Gaia Project – technique, performance and status". Astronomische Nachrichten 329 (9–10): 875.
- ^ a b "Gaia Focal Plane". ESA Science and Technology.
- ^ "Astrometry in Space". ESA Science and Technology. ESA.
- ^ "Europe Launching Gigapixel Probe To Map Milky Way". Techcrunch science update (Techcrunch). 6 July 2011.
- ^ "Gaia: Planets and Parallax". lostintransits (lostintransits). 19 December 2013.
- ^ "ESA's Gigapixel Camera Now In Space, Will Map the Milky Way in Unprecedented Detail". petapixel reviews (Petapixel). 19 December 2013.
- ^ De Bruijne, J. H. J.; Rygl, K. L. J.; Antoja, T. (2015). "Gaia astrometric science performance - post-launch predictions" 1502. p. 791.
- ^ Van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653.
- ^ "VST Snaps Gaia en Route to a Billion Stars". ESO. Retrieved 2014-03-12.
- ^ "Gaia launch postponement update".
- ^ "Soyuz ST-B successfully launches Gaia space observatory". nasaspaceflight.com. 19 December 2013.
- ^ "Gaia Mission & Orbit Design Gaia Mission Section". Spaceflight101. Retrieved 2013-12-19.
- ^ "Gaiainthesky web-interface".
- ^ "Gaia takes science measurements". ESA. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
- ^ "GAIA - Commissioning Update".
- ^ "STATUS OF THE GAIA STRAYLIGHT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION ACTIONS". 2014-12-17. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
- ^ http://sci.esa.int/gaia/54630-gaia-discovers-its-first-supernova/ GAIA DISCOVERS ITS FIRST SUPERNOVA
- ^ "Counting stars with Gaia". http://sci.esa.int. European Space Agency. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
External links
- Media related to at Wikimedia Commons
- Gaia mission home
- ESA Gaia mission
- Gaia page at ESA Spacecraft Operations
- Thorsten Dambeck in Sky and Telescope, Gaia's Mission to the Milky Way, March 2008, pp. 36–39
- Gaia Blog
- Gaia pages for the scientific community
- Gaia library
- "Gaia - with impression from the AGIS meeting", Video by Klaus Jäger and Stefan Jordan on the Gaia mission and the Global Astrometric Iterative Solution, May 2015
- GAIA Composition, Formation and Evolution of the Galaxy, Report on the Concept and Technology Study, Gaia Concept and Technology Study Report (CTSR)
- Use dmy dates from December 2013
- All articles with unsourced statements
- Articles with unsourced statements from October 2012
- European Space Agency space probes
- Exoplanet search projects
- Space astrometry missions
- Space observatories
- Space probes launched in 2013
- Spacecraft using Lissajous orbits
- Claimed moons of Earth


text:
Pune Warriors skipper Sourav Ganguly may have to use a bat without the sponsor's sticker when his team plays against Kings XI Punjab in an away match at Mohali on Thursday.
The problem has been that the sponsors of Ganguly's bat - Apollo Munich - is not a registered bat sponsor with the International Cricket Council.
On Wednesday, Ganguly pleaded guilty to a Level 1 offence (Article 2.1.1) as per the IPL's Code of Conduct as a breach of Clothing Regulations.
"The players can only use those bat stickers which are registered with the ICC. For example, although Hero Honda or MRF do not manufacture bats, they are registered sponsors under the ICC, and players are free to use their stickers. Apollo Munich is still not registered, and till it is done, Ganguly can't use the sticker on his bat," an IPL official told PTI on Wednesday.
The Pune Warriors management are trying to get in touch with the ICC in order to register the name of the company so that the former India captain can use his sponsor's sticker on the bats.
Ganguly has recently been contracted with the Apollo Munich Group as their brand ambassador.
Ganguly in trouble over bat sponsor
in New Delhi •
Sourav Ganguly has pleaded guilty to an offence regarding a bat sponsor. © Cricbuzz
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Fatalities due to automobile accidents have stimulated improvements in automotive safety design. The first innovation involves creating a heavy cage around the occupants of the automobile, while the front and rear of the car are constructed of lighter materials designed to absorb impact forces. The second safety system uses seat belts to hold occupants in place. This was largely ineffective until states in the United States began passing laws requiring seat belt use. The third system is the air bag; within a few hundredths of a second after a special sensor detects a collision, an air bag in the steering wheel or dashboard inflates to prevent direct human impact with the wheel, dashboard, or windshield (newer vehicles sometimes include side air bags, to protect occupants from side collisions). Other advances in vehicle safety include the keyless ignition, which makes it impossible for a driver to start a car while under the influence of alcohol (over half of all vehicle fatalities involve at least one driver who has used alcohol) and antilock braking systems, which prevent an automobile's wheels from locking during braking.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.


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In a sunflower-yellow turban and carrot-coloured kurta with golden buttons, Punjabi singer Satinder Sartaaj enlivened the mundane ambience of Chandigarh Press Club on Wednesday, where he launched his fourth music album, Afsaane Sartaaj De.
The album, released by the singer's mother, Satnam Kaur, includes 10 tracks and has music by Jatinder Shah.
Talking about his latest offering, which comes after two years of the release of his last, Sartaaj says, "This album is close to my heart because it has songs penned by me which have been inspired by some of the most emotional and interesting incidents of my life, and that explains the title of the album 'Afsaane Sartaaj De'. I have picked my favourite songs for this album. I know these songs will live long after I am gone and will be relevant even in the times to come."
The singer, who was embroiled in a plagiarism controversy in 2010, does not want to comment on the matter now resolved.
On the subject of his latest songs, Sartaaj avers, "My songs have always been dominated by the Marxist or the Communist ideology, but in this album I have experimented with love in its purest form. The title song, Soohe Khat, is dedicated to the pre-Independence Punjab and talks about the love of a couple living in the land of Bulle Shah. Another song, Kudiyo Roya Na Karo, encourages women to live life to the fullest."
"Every song addresses an issue, if Putt Saade expresses sentiments of a mother who worries about her son who has gone abroad seeking greener pastures, then Drakhat talks about the importance of trees," says Sartaaj, adding, "Jang Jaan Waley, is an ode to martyrs of Punjab, while Khilara is an attempt to remind man about his duties."
A part of the proceeds of the album will be donated to You We Can, an NGO founded by cricketer Yuvraj Singh, for the welfare of cancer patients.
The album has been released under Sartaaj's own production, Firdaus Productions, and is marketed by Eros International, which is venturing into music production with this album.


text: View Full Chapter Figures Only Tables Only Videos Only Print Share Email Twitter Facebook Linkedin Reddit Get Citation Citation AMA Citation Vinetz JM. Vinetz J.M. Vinetz, Joseph M.Chapter 171. Leptospirosis. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. Longo D.L., Fauci A.S., Kasper D.L., Hauser S.L., Jameson J, Loscalzo J Eds. Dan L. Longo, et al.eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012. http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=331§ionid=40726924. Accessed March 30, 2017. MLA Citation Vinetz JM. Vinetz J.M. Vinetz, Joseph M.. "Chapter 171. Leptospirosis." Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. Longo D.L., Fauci A.S., Kasper D.L., Hauser S.L., Jameson J, Loscalzo J Eds. Dan L. Longo, et al. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2012, http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=331§ionid=40726924. Download citation file: RIS (Zotero) EndNote BibTex Medlars ProCite RefWorks Reference Manager © Copyright Tools Search Book Top Return Clip Chapter 171. Leptospirosis Joseph M. Vinetz ++ Leptospirosis is a globally important zoonotic disease caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira (Fig. 171-1). In 1885, Adolf Weil described the clinical hallmarks of this disease as an acute process characterized by splenomegaly, jaundice, and nephritis. With time, the designation Weil's disease came to signify severe leptospirosis characterized by diverse clinical findings, particularly fever, jaundice, acute renal injury, refractory shock, and hemorrhage (especially pulmonary hemorrhage). The global burden of leptospirosis is hard to quantify because of the difficulties encountered in its clinical diagnosis and the lack of efficient confirmatory laboratory testing, which limits public health reporting. ++Figure 171-1Graphic Jump Location+View Full Size|Favorite Figure|Download Slide (.ppt)Transmission electron micrograph of Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae. ++ Etiologic Agent ++ The genus Leptospira (order Spirochetales, family Leptospiraceae) constitutes the most ancient lineage of spirochetes pathogenic for humans and the only spirochetes that can live both in animals and free in the environment. This genus includes 20 named species, 9 of which are classified as pathogenic, 5 as intermediately pathogenic, and 6 as nonpathogenic (saprophytic) based on molecular phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 171-2). Of the pathogenic and intermediate Leptospira species, more than 250 serovars—classified on the basis of agglutination testing with specific antisera—cause disease in humans and animals. New species and serovars continue to be discovered. Although all species, serovars, and strains are morphologically identical, leptospires are described by serovar for clinical and epidemiologic reasons. ++Figure 171-2Graphic Jump Location+View Full Size|Favorite Figure|Download Slide (.ppt)Differentiation of pathogenic, intermediately pathogenic, and nonpathogenic (saprophytic) Leptospira species based on molecular phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene. Scale bar indicates rate of nucleotide substitution per base pair. ++ The dimensions and motility of leptospires (~0.1 × 6–20 μm) allow them to pass through filters used to sterilize culture medium. Leptospires are tightly and regularly coiled, with characteristic hooked ends (hence the species name interrogans), and are highly motile, spinning around their longitudinal axis and darting back and forth. The organisms cannot be seen by direct light microscopy. To visualize the spirochetes directly in culture or in clinical specimens, dark-field or phase-contrast microscopy must be used. Small protein strands that appear motile by Brownian movement can easily be confused with leptospires. In tissues, leptospires can be visualized by silver impregnation (i.e., Warthin-Starry staining), immunohistochemistry, or immunofluorescence microscopy. ++ Leptospires are difficult to isolate in pure culture from clinical specimens such as blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), although certain species and serovars (e.g., L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni) are grown more easily than others. The organisms have peculiar nutritional requirements, particularly their inability to ferment glucose and their apparently exclusive use of long-chain fatty acids to generate energy and metabolites for cell division and growth. Standard leptospiral culture medium [Ellinghausen–McCullough–Johnson–Harris (EMJH)] contains oleic acid polymers (Tween60 and Tween40) as fatty acid sources. These spirochetes ... Log In to View MoreIf you don't have a subscription, please view our individual subscription options below to find out how you can gain access to this content. MyAccess Sign In Username Password Create a Free MyAccess Profile Forgot Password? Forgot Username? Want remote access to your institution's subscription? Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth Want remote access to your institution's subscription? 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Ok Subscription Options AccessMedicine Full Site: One-Year Subscription Connect to the full suite of AccessMedicine content and resources including more than 250 examination and procedural videos, patient safety modules, an extensive drug database, Q&A, Case Files, and more. $995 USD Buy Now Pay Per View: Timed Access to all of AccessMedicine 24 Hour Subscription $34.95 Buy Now 48 Hour Subscription $54.95 Buy Now


text:
When Georgia Tech plays at home, aren't they supposed to have the 12th man advantage? Well, apparently not. During yesterday's game against Georgia, the Yellow Jackets wide receiver Steven Hill made a nice sideline grab only to get tackled down by a state trooper standing on the sidelines. We're pretty sure that there's a Bulldogs shirt under all that gear.
[via SportsGrid]
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We are not born with reverence for our heroes. In our youth, we come to despise them. Only later in life, when confronted with the questions and quandaries they once were, do we finally learn to respect them.
I write in part from observation, and in part from experience. This is the road I travelled with Jose P. Rizal. Nationalistic fervor, perhaps a wee bit misguided, pushed him to the forefront of my grade school curriculum. Here was a great man, they said, the man who fought and died for our freedom! Let us honor him! Why? Basta!
Sadly, such inflated claims, were simply parroted without substance. In a fashion truer to the spirit of Rizal, one responds with suspicion and cynicism. In the absence of facts, one begins to dwell on the juicy but irrelevant -- Rizal was a dwarf! A playboy! A miser! The sire of Adolf Hitler! An American fiction! A fringe cult god! The Devil! All aimed to cut down a great man's stature, but which really serve only to diminish the critic's spirit.
I like to think that my conversion from this pusillanimity occurred on a chance trip to Calamba, to the reconstructed Rizal home. But more likely it was a longer drawn out process, one that came about from a combination of maturity, self-sought knowledge, and sympathy. Nothing brings us closer to our heroes than the realization that they, too, were flawed mortals and that we have more in kinship with them than we realized.
Rizal was in many ways ahead of this time, and perhaps he is more relevant now as the prototypical Filipino youth. He left the country as a young man, just as the many young Filipino men and women do today. The long sojourn abroad was the catalyst for his quest for national identity, even as their experiences abroad lead young Filipino men and women to ask who they really are. Just as Rizal wondered where his country was headed, so that perenially unanswered question continues to haunt us.
As a term of endearment, some people call him "Lolo" Jose. This, I think, is a mistake. Rizal was and will be forever young -- not merely because Spanish bullets cut him down before his prime -- but because those ideas of his that blaze on today were formed in his youth.
The greatness of Rizal comes not because "he fought for our freedom" but because he asked, "Who are we?" And that is a question only a young man would dare ask.
Note: June 19 is Rizal's birth anniversary.
Thursday, June 14, 2007
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Seven days in Rarotonga December 5th - 13, 2006
Trip Start
Aug 25, 2006
Trip End
Jan 07, 2007
Where I stayed
Tuesday, December 5, 2006 I arrived in Rarotonga, Cook Islands at 9:05 PM, the day before I left! Having crossed the international date line, I had to push my watch ahead 1 hour from Auckland, New Zealand, but back an entire day! So, I gained 23 hours by crossing the date line from NZ. This is a strange experience that really gets you thinking about the time/space reality. My watch, Blackberry, computer and reality all say that I have already lived Wednesday.......in New Zealand. Now it's Tuesday night again and I am in Rarotonga and get to live Wednesday again in the Cook Islands. How does that work? Will my birthday forever be screwed up now? Am I a day older than the calendar says? Very strange thing this International Date Line. Anyway, back to the reality of here and now, regardless of what day it is, I have arrived in the Cook Islands with no accommodations scheduled. This is a first in this thus far three and a half month journey. I think there were only 3 or 4 couchsurfers registered in the Cook Islands. A couple had already responded saying they could not host and I had not heard from the other two. So, clearing customs, I had to tell a little white lie about where I was staying, mentioning 1 of the several hotels that had been recommended, since the Cook Islands, like many of the countries I have visited on this trip, want to make sure you have a place to stay, and a departure flight before they let you in. Several people had also mentioned how all the hostels and several of the budget hotels have desks right at the airport to greet arriving guests and pick up additional business for anyone who does not have booked accommodations, so I was not too worried. I also happened to sit next to the CEO of Pacific Resorts Hotel on the flight from Auckland and he offered up one of the $750 a night rooms for only $450 if I was interested! He also recommended I check out one of the many backpacker hostels since his hotel cost would be a waste giving I was arriving so late at night. He gave me his business card and told me to stop my tomorrow and check out his accommodations or he would help me find another place. I had not yet cleared the airport and it was already apparent the Cook Islands are a very accommodating destination.
Wednesday, December 6, 2006 I
Thursday, December 7, 2006 I
Friday, December 8, 2006 I invited William from Czechoslovakia who checked into the Aquarius last night to join me on the Cross Island track across the mountain and through the rain forest to the other side of the island. Malachi and I went to Trader Jacks and Whatever clubs and stopped for takeaway arriving back at the hotel around 1 am.


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Larisa Oleynik
Larisa was born in Santa Clara County, California, to Lorraine (Allen), a nurse, and Roman Oleynik, an anesthesiologist. Her father is of Ukrainian and Slovak descent. Larisa's big break came when she was eight. She had gotten the part of young Cosette in a production of "Les Misérables". Her costar was Rider Strong, playing Gavroche. The two would...
See full bio »
Born:in Santa Clara County, California, USA |


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Under the Köppen Climate Classification climate classification, "dry-summer subtropical" climates are often referred to as "Mediterranean". This climate zone has an an average temperature above 10°C (50°F) in their warmest months, and an average in the coldest between 18 to -3°C (64 to 27°F). Summers tend to be dry with less than one-third that of the wettest winter month, and with less than 30mm (1.18 in) of precipitation in a summer month. SMany of the regions with Mediterranean climates have relatively mild winters and very warm summers.
The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Csb". (Mediterran Climate).
The average temperature for the year in Dufur is 49.3°F (9.6°C). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 67.4°F (19.7°C). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 31.5°F (-0.3°C).
The highest recorded temperature in Dufur is 110.0°F (43.3°C), which was recorded in July. The lowest recorded temperature in Dufur is -28.0°F (-33.3°C), which was recorded in February.
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Dufur is 12.8" (325.1 mm). The month with the most precipitation on average is December with 2.1" (53.3 mm) of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of 0.2" (5.1 mm). There are an average of 87.0 days of precipitation, with the most precipitation occurring in January with 12.0 days and the least precipitation occurring in July with 2.0 days.
In Dufur, there's an average of 26.8" of snow (0 cm). The month with the most snow is January, with 9.7" of snow (24.6 cm).


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CITY OF NEWBURGH -- The Newburgh police officer stabbed early Saturday has been released from the hospital, and police have identified the suspect accused in the stabbing.
Officer Eric Henderson was stabbed several times outside the Dry Dock nightclub while trying to
arrest somebody involved in a fight in front of the club early Saturday morning. The club was host to an event in honor of homicide victim Justin "J-Doc" Doctor, 23, who was killed Oct. 14.
The suspect has been identified as Larry Gantt, 35, from Poughkeepsie, according to a release from Newburgh police. Gantt has an extensive criminal history and is currently on parole supervision, police said.
After being taken into custody, Gantt was taken to St. Luke's Cornwall Hospital for a stab wound that he received during the fight at the club, police said. Gantt is now at Westchester Medical Center under the guard of City of Newburgh police officers.
Arrangements are being made to arraign Gantt at the hospital on charges of attempted murder first-degree for the assault on the police officer and assault in the first-degree for the stabbing of Adrian Hargrove, 22, of the City of Newburgh. Hargrove was originally taken to St. Luke's and then flown to
Westchester Medical Center where he remains in critical but stable condition.
Two other men were stabbed during the fight. They have been identified as Justin Barnwell, 26, and Demetrius Ware, 28,. both of Newburgh. Barnwell was originally taken to St. Luke's and then flown to Westchester Medical Center where he has since been released.
Ware was originally taken to Cornwall emergency room where he was treated and released. Ware was charged with criminal possession of a weapon third-degree for unlawfully using a bottle against another person and disorderly conduct. Ware is also under parole supervision. He is currently in Orange County Jail.
Detectives are continuing the investigation and request anyone with information to contact
police at 561-3131.
Stabbed Newburgh officer released from hospital, suspect identified
Nov 5, 2012 at 11:24 AM
Nov 5, 2012 at 12:06 PM


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In its ongoing regulatory oversight of oil and natural gas development the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission Monday launched an online tool focused on water quality.
The tool, which can be found on the agency's web site at www.cogcc.state.co.us, features an interactive map of Colorado and allows the public to view water quality data taken from more than 450 sites throughout the state.
The data was compiled beginning in Jan. 2011, according to a COGCC news release.
"We're glad to have this data now available for Colorado citizens who seek more information about oil and gas development in their communities," said Matt Lepore, COGCC director, in the release. "We hope this data is helpful as we continue to work closely with local governments, industry and neighbors to balance production of important energy resource with protection of our precious water supplies."
Additional data will continue to be added to the COGCC's database beginning with information compiled by the Colorado Oil and Gas Association's voluntary groundwater monitoring program.
Historic water quality samplings, including spring water data, will be migrated to the online database by the end of the year, the release states.
Once all of the available data has been migrated to the online database, and as new samples are collected and added, the COGCC interactive map will be among the most comprehensive water quality databases in the nation, the release states.
For more information, visit the COGCC web site and click on "Water Sampling Data Now Available" in the middle of the page.
Joe Moylan can be reached at 875-1794 or email@example.com


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Friday, November 30, 2012
"Ask Maci" Review/Recap & Photos:
34 comments:
- AnonymousNovember 30, 2012 at 11:00 AM
Wow what a dumb bitch, i can't believe she told someone in order to balance it all they should take time off from work. Wow...just wow. Maci REALLY doesn't realize how good she has it does she?
ReplyDeleteReplies- AnonymousDecember 1, 2012 at 7:39 PM
uh.. they asked MACI what SHE does, not what that person should do. that's what maci does, she wasn't giving it as advice or saying everyone can do it.
Delete - AnonymousDecember 1, 2012 at 7:47 PM
No, the girl called in and asked for advice on how to balance everything and thats what Maci said. Get off Maci's d*ck.
Delete - AnonymousDecember 2, 2012 at 7:16 PM
lmao i'm not on maci's dick.. people overreact to everything she does just because they don't like her. don't be jealous she has opportunities you will never have, dear :-)
- AnonymousNovember 30, 2012 at 11:06 AM
Ew Maci looks gross in that first picture. Why does she insist on wearing those ridiculous glasses all the damn time?
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 30, 2012 at 12:28 PM
Ryan has Bentley very often
I bet he does. Between her partying, fuck buddies, and vacations, there's not much time for that pesky kid who got her famous in the first place.
Maci tells her that she is willing to take time off of work to spend time with Bentley
Too bad she doesn't. - AnonymousNovember 30, 2012 at 1:25 PM
For starters, her headphones aren't even plugged in.
Second, the camera was probably there because the station will probably use it to promotional material on their website late.
All of your questions have been answered. :) - ShannonNovember 30, 2012 at 2:58 PM
Maci is way late for the hipster train, nice try with the glasses. The only thing worse than a hipster is a wannabe hipster. That's some 'Inception' levels of lameness right there.
I wish she'd just disappear. - AnonymousNovember 30, 2012 at 4:23 PM
omg i wish maci's popularity would just die already. Ryan has bentley all the time cause she is too busy trying to stay famous (hello thus glamorizing the teen mom show)and no, normal people can't afford to take time off work to hang out with their kid, especially teen moms. If she wasn't afforded a 6 figure salary for doing nothing she would be working at mcdonalds (since obviously college isn't working out too well)and not be able to take time off work when she felt like it. I can't stand her, i wish people would stop thinking she is so awesome so that she can be forced to see what its like to live a normal life as a single parent.She has no idea!
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 30, 2012 at 4:42 PM
I can't blame her for taking advantage of all these career opportunities that are offered to her because she does have a kid to support, but she needs to wake up and realize that she isn't good at this type of stuff at all and pursue something else otherwise she's going to be screwed once her Teen Mom fame is over.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 30, 2012 at 4:53 PM
I think what she meant to say is that she is willing to bunk off college to spend time with him seeing as she still doesn't have her '2 year degree'.
ReplyDelete read between the lines. almost none of the girls on teen mom are together with their babies daddy... most of them struggle to get their GED, to maintain relationships with their peers and be regular teens and a mother at the same time. no money can buy you that. you can buy fake nails and hair, but you cannot buy happyness and teenage years, and i think thats the bottom line of the show. if a teenage girl still thinks that teen pregnancy is glamorous, she is just stupid and deserves what she is gonna get.
ReplyDeleteRepliesTo an adult yes, reading between the lines you can see all of that.. however... do you think a tween or teen can watch the show and understand those things? No one understands the difficulties of being an adult, making ends meet, raising children until it happens to them. A teenager looking at this show will see all the drama but they will also see all the material things that these teen moms didn't have to give up. That is not real life. I can totally see a teenager looking at this show and being like "well she was still able to go to concerts, out with friends, buy cute clothes and she gets to live in her own apartment. Doesn't look that hard to me"
Everyone has relationship problems whether you are a teen mom or not. Financial struggle is the biggest one when you are a teen parent. You don't always get a chance or the ability to finish school, you actually have to work full time jobs.
I think the show is great for opening up conversation with adults about these issues, but I'm not going to pretend that these girls don't make teen parenting look glamorous.- AnonymousDecember 2, 2012 at 1:17 PM
Agreed, especially because without the money from the show, the teen moms would definitely not be able to afford extensions and boob jobs and the like.
All in all, the show doesn't really do a good job of mapping actions to consequences. Teens watching the show see these girls getting money to buy nice things as the result of getting pregnant while in high school. Also, as shown in the most recent episode, you have Chelsea who is supposedly paying her own rent, quitting her job with no backup plan for how she's going to keep paying her rent, but she still gets to live in her house. Teens see things like this and they don't understand that for the vast majority of us, the world does not work that way. Not to mention the buying of houses and cars like that is so easy to do. They make no mention of credit,mortgages, car payments or how much work it takes to really save money for down payments on those things. There are families that work full time who didn't get pregnant in highschool who still have a hard time affording those things. It's crazy.
Delete- AnonymousDecember 3, 2012 at 9:11 AM
I am still not sure WHY the show needs to show how hard it is. I mean, I managed to not get pregnant as a teen because my PARENTS taught me how hard it would be. It would not have mattered WHAT I saw on TV, I would be in the same position as I am now, because of the morals and values I had instilled in me. We need to stop putting off parenting our children onto TV shows.
Delete - AnonymousDecember 3, 2012 at 7:48 PM
It is the parents responsibility but you have the parents that don't bring it up. Or the girls like me whos parents do bring it up and don't listen. Although I did watch the show before I got pregnant. I was stubborn.
Delete The show doesn't have to do anything. I watch it because it is an entertaining show. Parents need to be responsible for teaching their kids values. I agree.
I disagree with them all pretending that the show only exists to prevent pregnancy. I don't like how they all talk about the show being some great message and service to the world. I think it's silly for them to defend it because to me it is so obviously glamorizing the life of a teen parent.
on one hand i agree with you. on the other hand, i still think the show is trying to send a message which should be pretty clear. just look at amber for instance. she had all the financial support she needed from the show, she could afford nails, hair, clothes, iphone, apartment, car , clothes&toys for Leah. but look at where is right now: in jail. she was unhappy for several reasons, but mostly because she was lonely, she was on and off with gary, and she could not finish school. thats the kind of happiness you cant buy with money. she took drugs and now shes in jail...
i know that everyone has relationship problems, but when you are a parent and a teen, it is a huge issue. no matter how much money they get, its still pretty obvious that most teen dads are not ready to be parents, most teen moms will not finish school, and will not be able to spend time with friends and be teens. and most importantly, they make mistakes like every teenager does, but the consequences are more serious since they are parents too. i think thats what the show is about mainly. but as i said, i agree with you as well on the money stuff :)RepliesI agree, They do go through struggles in life. Most of which I feel anyone could go through at any time though. Those things are real problems and it's good that Teen Mom shows that. I just don't know if young teens watching are getting the message.
Any show being made on any network is made to first and foremost make money. To do that it needs to be entertaining. That's why a lot of the show is staged and they are all given gift cards to restaurants etc. so it's not just a show about a bunch of girls sitting at home with their kids when they aren't working 60 hours a week. (the life of an average teen mom)
Money is the most important, THEN comes the message of not getting pregnant as a teen. I just always keep that in mind when I watch anything on TV lol
- AnonymousDecember 1, 2012 at 1:17 PM
I think one of the big problems with the schol is that they aren't really showing the mom part of it. They show the relationship drama or the drug addiction or the parent drama. They don't show the screaming fits in the middle of the night or how impossible it is to do simple thingslike grocery shop or clean the house with a toodler around. They show the times the girls do get to have fun but not all the times they don't. They have a whole season of drama that all young adults have then they do a half an hour baby talk episode about the kids. I think if they showed more things like when chelsea and adam had to leave the restraunt cause aubree was mad and less of kailyn being upset about jo getting a new girl friend it would be better. Although the drop in teen pregnancy doesn't lie. What is it down like 10%?
ReplyDeleteRepliesPregnancy overall is down, though. History has proven that whenever the economy is bad people of all ages don't have kids. From teenagers all the way up to adults. The overall rate of births in the US has declined the last 4 years straight since the US went into a recession. The show may have prevented some pregnancies, but the economy probably also played a very significant part.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/03/birth-rate-in-us-down-fourth-year_n_1935143.html- AnonymousDecember 2, 2012 at 12:02 PM
well the economy went to hell more than 4 years ago but I see your point. People are more careful about birth control when they're broke.
- AnonymousDecember 1, 2012 at 2:40 PM
At first I really liked Maci, I tought she was with her life on track and such a good mom but now, not so much. I really think that she doesn't do nothing but partying, drinking. Of course Ryan has Bentley very often, we can see why. We can't blame her for taking advantage but she is living a glamourous life, she gets everything she wants without doing nothing. Kailyn is a teen mom too, she gets payed by mtv but she works and studies anyway because she knows that teen mom and the fame won't last forever. Just my opinion.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousDecember 1, 2012 at 5:24 PM
I understand some of the comments about the show and glamorizing teen pregnancy in stuff, but for some of you to say she's a bad mom. Seriously? She can still have fun when Bentley is at his dad's. So the partying/drinking is acceptable on nights when he's with Ryan. So don't say she's a bad mom.
ReplyDeleteReplies- AnonymousDecember 1, 2012 at 5:54 PM
If it wasn't all the time I would agree with you but you can't be a good mom and a party girl. It just doesn't work that way. Plus she parties on her days/nights with him to.
Delete - AnonymousDecember 1, 2012 at 7:44 PM
because you know exactly what maci does every second of every day? you only see what's on twitter. you can be a good mom AND have fun.
Delete - AnonymousDecember 1, 2012 at 9:07 PM
Yes you can. but you don't have to be a party girl to have fun. Drinking regualrly is not proper behavior for a mother.
Delete she has missed out on most of her teenage years. i think she probably wants to make up for it with the partying which is acceptable if Bentley's with his dad. and lets not forget that in the beginning she took care of him all by herself since Ryan was out doing the exact same thing and he didnt bother to give a crap about his son (and called Maci a lazy ass). she deserves to slack off a little bit sometimes.
Delete- AnonymousDecember 2, 2012 at 10:08 AM
She did not miss out on teen years. She went to school dances, she graduated, and she has been partying since Bentley was born. He is 4 now. They just never showed that on Teen Mom. Maci has traveled the US, vacationed, had huge blowout parties at clubs around the country. On top of that she DOES in fact party in the house when Bentley is with her. OR she drops him off at her parents house.
Ryan did go out and party in the beginning but I truly believe it was because he wasn't happy being forced into a relationship with Maci. Once they weren't together anymore he got his act together. He doesn't party at all. While Maci is running around all over the country to party Ryan is taking Bentley to the beach, the zoo, and many other fun outings.
I don't blame him for calling her a lazy ass. She kind of is. How many years has she been working on that 2 year degree? - AnonymousDecember 2, 2012 at 11:54 AM
Well when Bentley was first born Ryan was in the wrong. It doesn't matter how much you don't liek your baby mamma. You stay at home with your kid. You don't go out and party but just cause he was wrong then it doesn't makerher less wrong now. I don't get on the twitter I just go by the bloggers and commenters. Enough of them are saying she's been a party girl for me to belive it. Didn't she have 3 21st birthday parties??
It is her own fault she missed out on her teen years. She had a baby. When you become a teen parent you drop the teenage thoguhts and focus on being a parent. Who cares how young she is?? She's a mother and thats what matters. It sounds like she's drinking at least once a week (could someone that reads her twitter confirm or deny?). That is not okay to do no matter how old you are or how old your kids are.
- AnonymousDecember 2, 2012 at 4:39 PM
Oh, she goes out all the time. She talks about how she's going out or drinking multiple times every week basically. She talks about drinking and posts pictures of her partying with her friends way more than she talks about Bentley. She barely says anything about Bentley.
Maci's a good mom. A little unrealistic and doesn't seem to realize how lucky she is when she's trying to give advice. If she would cut out some of the partying, she'd be fine. It's fine to party and drink, but she takes it too far.


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Grove City College Stats, Info and Facts |
Religious affiliation: | Presbyterian Church (USA) |
Institution Type: | Private not-for-profit |
Campus Setting: | Mid East Town, distant from an urban area |
Highest Degree Offered: | Bachelor's degree |
Level of Institution: | Four or more years |
Calendar: | Semester |
School Mascot: | The Wolverine |
School Colors: | Maroon and white |
Grove City is serious about academics, so be ready to be challenged in that respect. Grove City also is fairly diverse; like any college campus it has its fair…
GCC is a small and beautiful campus located in Grove City, PA, a similarly small, but charming, town. It has a close-knit student body family and the professors love getting…
Grove City has been an excellent school. I am a junior English major and I would definitely recommend the department to anyone interesting in studying English. The professors are really…
Grove City College is an academically rigorous school. The classes are challenging, the professors are insightful, and there are countless opportunities to learn. The community on campus is vibrant, and…
Grove City College offers rigorous academics at a low cost for private schools. The classes are relatively small with engaging instructors and frequent class participation. However, this college has its…
Since its founding in 1876, Grove City College, committed to Christian principles, has striven to be equal in academic quality to the finest four-year colleges. It seeks to provide liberal and professional education of the highest quality that is within the reach of families with modest means who desire a college that will strengthen their children's spiritual and moral character.
There are so many amazing people here. Hardly ever do I meet a mean person. The workload is hard, so that is sometimes not enjoyable, but I really like my major and classes, so that makes the hard work less painful. There are so many great activities and ministries to get involved in too that make life here so much better.
Read MoreNice living environment.
Read MoreGrove City College has a very safe and supportive environment that allows students to flourish. Drugs, alcohol, and crime are practically nonexistent, and the campus has a distinctly genuine Christian atmosphere. Chapel is offered twice a week, and there are many additional special chapels and speakers throughout the school year. Students also have the option of joining small groups or attending student-lead worship services. There are a wide array of on-campus activities, ranging from a huge selection of intramural sports to service and ministry opportunities to dances, concerts and other recreational events. The professors are extremely helpful and caring, and because of the small class sizes, many of them will know you by name. In my experience, the professors are excellent at keeping their scheduled office hours and are always willing to answer questions or discuss a topic or issue in which a student is particularly interested.
Read MoreThe campus is beautiful and there are some great school sponsored activities. Apart from that there is not much to do. Grove City is very small. There is one coffee shop downtown and the outlets are nearby. As far as entertainment goes, the movie theater, The Guthrie, plays one movie a week. There is a drive in about 20 minutes away but is probably not open in the winter. There is no way to get to Pittsburgh if you don't have a car.
Read MoreI have met so many wonderful people at GCC whom I am honored and blessed to know. Without a doubt, my friends at school are the closest friends I have ever had, and for this I am extremely grateful. Despite the rigorous academic schedule and lack of free time, I would not want to go to any other school. It is a unique and wonderful place on earth.
Read More


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Anyone know of a way to call sublayers by name in JS?
Trying to get a script to work on a AI file that has been exported out of arcMap, in which almost all the layers are actually sublayers of a few top level layers.
For instance, the line
var targetLayer = myDoc.layers.getByName ("Road - Dirt (base)")
does not find the layer "Road - Dirt (base)" unless it is a top-level layer. I can't find any reference to sublayers in any of the Adobe documentation.
Javascript in Illustrator
Started by
Brian Moran
, Feb 18 2011 09:38 PM
2 replies to this topic
Posted 18 February 2011 - 09:38 PM
Posted 19 February 2011 - 03:55 AM
The layer object has a property 'layers' which is the collection of sublayers.
Michael Schmeling
Kassel, Germany
Arid Ocean Map Illustrations
Indie Cartographer
Kassel, Germany
Arid Ocean Map Illustrations
Indie Cartographer
Posted 19 February 2011 - 05:14 PM
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Best known for their ritual use of peyote, the Huichol people of west-central Mexico carried much of their original belief system into the twentieth century unadulterated by the influence of Christian missionaries. Among the Huichol, reciting myths and performing rituals pleases the ancestors and helps maintain a world in which abundant subsistence and good health are assured. This volume is a collection of myths recorded by Robert Zingg in 1934 in the village of Tuxpan and is the most comprehensive record of Huichol mythology ever published. Zingg was the first professional anthropologist to study the Huichol, and his generosity toward them and political advocacy on their behalf allowed him to overcome tribal sanctions against divulging secrets to outsiders. He is fondly remembered today by some Huichols who were children when he lived among them. Zingg recognized that the alternation between dry and wet seasons pervades Huichol myth and ritual as it does their subsistence activities, and his arrangement of the texts sheds much light on Huichol tradition. The volume contains both aboriginal myths that attest to the abiding Huichol obligation to serve ancestors who control nature and its processes, and Christian-inspired myths that document the traumatic effect that silver mining and Franciscan missions had on Huichol society. First published in 1998 in a Spanish-language edition, Huichol Mythology is presented here for the first time in English, with more than 40 original photographs by Zingg accompanying the text. For this volume, the editors provide a meticulous historical account of Huichol society from about 200 A.D. through the colonial era, enabling readers to fully grasp the significance of the myths free of the sensationalized interpretations found in popular accounts of the Huichol. Zingg's compilation is a landmark work, indispensable to the study of mythology, Mexican Indians, and comparative religion.Create a review
Product Details
- publication date: 15/10/2004
- Format: Hardback
- Number Of Pages: 292
- weight: 638
Delivery Information
- Saver Delivery: Yes
- 1st Class Delivery: Yes
- Courier Delivery: Yes
- Store Delivery: Yes


text:
Dear Carolyn: My husband and I are good friends with a couple whose dietary needs have slowly changed over the eight years we've known them. When we first met, we would often hang out and have some beer or wine and food, which often included a shared love of bread, cheese, meats, ice cream, etc. After a couple of years of knowing them, the wife began to struggle with intestinal issues, and finally after a year or so of discomfort, decided to go gluten-free. Within six months she also eliminated dairy. Now they have started the Paleo diet. I can tell she is feeling better physically, and I am truly happy for her.
However, we don't hang out with them as a couple anymore. It seems as if the husbands can get together to grab a beer (which he still drinks), or she and I may get together at a coffee shop where she can have tea. But the days of getting together for a meal seem to be over.
I also can't seem to get together with her without the discussion turning to how awesome this diet is or how dangerous gluten is, with the distinct implication that my husband and I should start following it as well. I find myself avoiding her, and also just wanting to shake her and say, "WE'RE ALL GOING TO DIE!!! And I want to die with a piece of baguette slathered in triple-creme brie in my hand!!"
This does not seem like a sound approach. Suggestions for a better one?
– I Want My Cake and My Friendship Too
A: That's the perfect approach.
Seriously. You are friends! And you see how much better she feels on her new diet! And you are happy for her! You simply don't want to make the same lifestyle change she did!
So why not just say that, in the you-know-I-love-you way that only true friends can pull off?
Maybe your friendship has never had that tone, fair enough. But even then, as I sift through questions submitted to this column, I spend a shocking (to me) amount of time reading different versions of virtually the same story: of people who are so dismayed by changes in a friendship that they're avoiding the friend. Inevitably, they say they're close to pulling the plug on the friendship – right after they mention that telling their friend the unvarnished truth is of course not an option.
So for all of you, I advise this: Since you're already ending the friendship, what do you have to lose by stating how you feel? Make it a deal, even: "I so miss our dinners together, all four of us. What say I serve nothing but Paleo, and in return we talk about anything but Paleo?"
Truths feel mean, but surely you've been on the receiving end of a once-good friend's dwindling attention – and doesn't that feel pretty mean, too? I'd rather have an exasperated friend say, "For the love of crusty baguettes, would you please stop dissecting my diet?!" than just demote me to thrice-a-year tea.


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Deva Path's Abilities!!
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"Deva Path's Abilities!!" | |||
(天道の能力!!, Tendō no Nōryoku!!) | |||
Chapter Info | |||
Volume | Naruto Returns!! (#46) | ||
Previous | "Kakashi vs. Pain!!" | ||
Chapter | Naruto #423 | ||
Next | "Decision!!" | ||
Arc | Pain's Assault (Arc) | ||
Anime | Naruto Shippūden #159 | ||
Debut | |||
| |||
Kakashi and Chōza's team attack the Deva Path. Although their attacks fail and much of the team is defeated, Kakashi is able to confirm that it controls gravity and that it needs to recharge briefly after doing so. To try and catch it during this window, Kakashi sneaks up on the Deva Path. He is repelled, but Chōza and Chōji attack when its vulnerable. Their attack is too late and they are repelled, but in doing so they are able to restrain the Deva Path. Kakashi tries to finish it off but the Asura Path uses itself as a shield. The Deva Path defeats them all and, to make sure Kakashi does not survive his injuries, it fires a nail at his head.


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The La Salle Chair by Tonon is a chair that was inspired by the past. Simple and elegant, the La Salle's rectilinear design has makes true contemporary statement. The La Salle seating series also includes and attractive barstool ready for use in any environment. Designed by Peter Kern, the La Salle is a great choice for dining.
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We'll keep you posted about new designs, special offers, stories, and more. We promise it will be worth your while!


text: It seemed appropriate to do a pansy post after the 10th anniversary of my mom's death. My mom was a Tri-Delt in college and she loved it. She continued to mentor college girls when she was well out of college herself. Their official flower was the pansy and she used to collect pansy items. Needless to say, after I lost her I ended up collecting pansy stuff myself. Pansies were a common theme in antique embroidery, so I have quite a few pieces of linen, as well as some hankies, salt and pepper shakers, and whatnot. Along with hydrangeas, they're my favorite flower.


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The High Court's rejection of that argument caused a lot of consternation at the time. Writing in The Times Roger Maynard and Francis Gibbs said that international media organizations with a strong internet presence were deeply concerned. They expressed the fear that anybody who objects to a website article would be tempted to sue in a country that had favourable defamation laws. David Rowan wrote in the same paper that a consensus was emerging that the case "could make the web a far tamer and less outspoken place". David Fickling and Stuart Miller wrote in The Guardian that media companies and internet campaigners had denounced the decision and feared that it would open the floodgates for a wave of libel actions from around the world. An
opinion article in The New York Times entitled "A Blow to Internet Freedom" compared the judgment to efforts by the Zimbabwe authorities in seeking to punish a writer for an article that the local police had downloaded from a London newspaper's website.
As I argued at the time in a case note on the old NIPC website, those arguments were overdone because they took no account of the rule in Henderson v Henderson (1843) 3 Hare 100 at 115 which had recently been reinforced by the House of Lords' decision in Johnson v. Gore Wood & Co. [2000] UKHL 65; [2001] 1 All ER 481; [2001] 2 WLR 72 (14 Dec, 2000). That rule was sufficient to prevent multiple actions arising out of substantially the same subject matter. As I had confidently expected, free speech on the internet did not come to an end and the excitement over the High Court's decision died down not to be awakened until now.
On 16 Sep 2005 the Ontario Court of Appeal allowed an appeal by the Washington Post against the refusal of the lower court to stay a claim by a Guinean citizen domiciled in Ontario in respect of a libel alleged to have been published in 1997 which was several years before the claimant took up residence in Ontario (Bangoura v Washington Post and others (2004), 235 DLR (4th) 564). One of the authorities upon which the judge below relied was the Australian High Court's judgment in Gutnick. Their lordships refused to follow that decision because they did not consider it to be helpful.
The Ontario Court gave no reason for not following Gutnick but there is nothing in their judgment to suggest that they had abandoned the Commonwealth multiple publication doctrine for the American single publication rule. The only ground for distinguishing Gutnick appears to have been one of scale. The publisher in Gutnick had 1,700 online subscribers in Victoria whereas only 7 copies of the offending newspaper had been distributed in Ontario. At paragraph [44] they noted:
"Gutnick was a well-known businessman who resided in Victoria at the time of the impugned publication. There was evidence that BarronÃ's had some 1,700 Internet subscribers in Australia. Gutnick undertook that he would sue only in Victoria and only in respect of damages to his reputation in that state."
At paragraph [10] it was noted that there were only 7 subscribers in Ontario.
Out of fairness to the Court, it has to be emphasized that was not the only or even the main reason for its decision. Their lordships were bound by the Court's previous decision in Muscutt v. Courcelles, 2002 CanLII 44957 (ON C.A.) (2002-05-29) which set out the matters to be considered when determining whether to allow service of process outside the jurisdiction:
(i) the connection between the forum and the plaintiff's claim;
(ii) the connection between the forum and the defendant;
(iii) unfairness to the defendant in assuming jurisdiction;
(iv) unfairness to the plaintiff in not assuming jurisdiction;
(v) the involvement of other parties to the suit;
(vi) the court's willingness to recognize and enforce an extra-provincial judgment rendered on the same jurisdictional basis;
(vii) whether the case is interprovincial or international in nature; and
(viii) comity and the standards of jurisdiction, recognition and enforcement prevailing elsewhere.
Applying that doctrine, it is not hard to see how the Court reached its decision on the particular facts of that case.
In writing this post, I have to make clear that I am not chambers' expert on defamation. That honour belongs to my colleague Lois Cole-Wilson who will be glad to advise further on this and related issues.


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Innersense Organic Beauty, i Love My Curls, Quiet Calm Curl Control, 8.5 fl oz (250 ml) (Discontinued Item)
- You earn loyalty credit for every order you place at iHerb!
- Loyalty credit is equal to 5% of the value of your order, excluding shipping charges.
- Your loyalty credit will be applied towards your next order as soon as your current order has shipped.
- Your loyalty credits are valid for up to 60 days from the date of your last purchase.
Shipping Weight:?0.65 lbsSwitch to Metric units
- Product Code: INS-00118
- UPC Code: 852415001185
- Package Quantity: 8.5 fl oz (250 ml)
1.9 x 1.9 x 7.3 in, 0.55 lbsSwitch to Metric units
- Defines Curls
- Eliminates Frizz
- Pure Ingredients of Shea Butter, Wheat Grass, Orange Oil, Rooibos Tea, Rice Bran Oil, Oat Kernel Extract
Quiet Calm Curl Control
I Create Quiet Calm defines curls, eliminates frizz and smoothes textured hair. Certified organic shea butter set and hydrate curl while rice bran oil and oat kernel extract combine to protect hair when blow drying smooth. The bouquet of certified organic orange flower oil and frangipani extract truly create a sense of quiet and calm.
Innersense products are crafted from a rich combination of carefully selected certified organic and biodynamic oils, extracts and essence which create the unique character and exquisite benefits of each product. All ingredients are known for their high nourishing, hydrating, anti-oxidant and anti-aging qualities that restore the natural balance to your skin, scalp and hair organically.
Suggested Use
Ritual for Experiencing:
Quietly calm your curls by distributing throughout damp hair. Use fingers to gently separate and shape curls into desired style. For defined curls, let hair air-dry or usea diffuser. Blow-dry for smooth straight styles. Use on dry hair to reshape curls and eliminate frizz.
Other Ingredients
Purified water (aqua), glycerin¹, caprylic/capric triglyceride², stearyl alcohol¹, cetyl alcohol¹, oryza sativa (rice) bran oil, glyceryl stearate¹, avena sativa (oat) kernel extract***, nelumbium speciosum (lotus) flower oil**, citrus sinensis peel oil*6, caprylic triglyceride*6, butyrospermum parkii (shea butter)**, sorbitol³, citrus aurantium dulcis (orange) oil**, helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed extract, cetrimonium chloride, citrus aurantium dulcis (orange) flower oil**, aspalathus linearis extract**4, nelumbium speciosum (lotus) flower extract**, echinacea angustifolia extract**5, vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) seed oil**, plumeria alba (frangipani) flower extract, cymbopogon schoenanthus (lemongrass) extract***, agropyron (wheatgrass) extract***, sodium benzoate.
*From organically grown plants
**Certified organic
Natural Sources: ¹ Coconut, ² Mixed plants, ³Sugarcane, 4Rooibos (red bush) tea, 5Echinacea, 6Citrus peel oils
Innersense formulas are free of harsh, irritating chemicals including sulfates, artificial colors and fragrances, petrochemicals, PEG, MEA, TEA, MIPA compounds, glutens, GMO's & parabens.
Control those curls baby!
Verified Purchase
Control those curls baby!
For someone who has straight to wavy hair I was hoping this product would miraculously help my hair bring out it's wavyness and it did! Where I live the water is very harsh on my hair and it's pretty much always weighed down aka super straight. This product gives my hair volume, wavyness/curls, keeps frizz away and it has a pleasant citric/orange smell. I didn't think I would end up loving it this much! It works best when used on wet hair but your hair can still benefit from it when it's dry.
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Calming Effect
Posted by 4766465340615920622 on Oct 27, 2014
Pretty good product but ive had better. It does calm my hair but i find i need to use large amounts of the product which I dislike because the bottle isnt big.
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Good curl enhancer.
Posted by 4750028577641067153 on Aug 02, 2014
Helped define my curls and wasn't heavy or oily on the hair! My hair still had a slight layer of fuzz but thats just my hair type!
Verified Purchase
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Posted by 4925339988864446388 on Jun 09, 2014
Ni fija ni hidrata apenas, para usar en pelo seco debería ser más acuoso. Me resulta difícil imaginar a quién le pudiera encajar
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goodbye frizz
Posted by baileylang on Feb 06, 2014
My very thin/dry but fast to get greasy/curly hair was getting very frizzy when I let it air dry. I bought this and it is perfect. Not heavy and doesn't make it greasy. My curls are soft and smooth again.
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works very well to moisturize! ♥♥♥ Click on my username for more reviews!
Posted by gettingwell on Jul 10, 2013
I really enjoy having soft, non frizzy hair for once. It nicely conditions my thin hair using about 1/2 tsp and working it through my hair while its pretty wet. If I use too much then my hair will appear oily. I don't think it has much of a scent and certainly doesn't bother me, although with all the oils, I did expect some kind of nice fragrance.
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quick response, easy to deal with.
reedo delivered. shirt is great, so soft. big ups.
Fast responses and was really helpful throughout the whole process. Shipping was also very fast, even during holiday time. Thank you and will definitely do business again.
Very pleasant transaction, item & measurements exactly as described, looks better in person even. Reedo got it shipped out right away and it arrived in a couple days. Couldn't have asked for more!
Item as described, fast shipping, reliable seller.
Easy to work with. Transaction was smooth and painless.
Great seller, quick to respond and item was as described.
Fast and reasonable transaction, thanks!
traded my coke bottle for reedo's kilim shirt. needless to say, i am very happy after a successful trade
Fast shipping, excellent price, and fantastic price. Creed is one heck of a guy.
Awesome leather jacket for an awesome price! Quick shipping and good communication
Speedy delivery, great communication, fair price. Would do business again, thanks!
Baller bomber and baller price. Thanks!
Arrived quickly and just as advertised. Thanks again.
Awesome seller, super nice, quick shipping.
Good communication, just as described, thanks.
Very good transaction, he was timely with responding and shipping. Great product description and fair pricing. I would do business with him again in a heartbeat.
Very responsive and prompt shipping! Would definitely purchase from again.
Easy to deal with, paid in a timely manner.
Great seller. Shirt was as described, and arrived in great condition. Very happy with my purchase.


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" Beyond fantastic. "
- Mallory
One of Mallory's favorite shows is Law and Order SVU. She won two science fairs with forensics projects inspired by the show and for her wish she chose to meet the cast of her favorite show. She had been watching the show since she was little and wants to pursue a career in psychology and study criminal minds. Her wish came true and Mallory and her family were treated like VIP's from the moment the stepped out of their limo. She got to meet stars of the show, including Mariska Hargitay and John Stamos, and the director. She says her wish was "beyond fantastic."
This story makes me feel
June 25, 2012 - 11:25 AM
Marshall , 14
renal disorder
I wish to meet the cast of NCIS
I knew visiting the set of 'The Office' would be amazing and would help me learn for my future "
— Anna
Jack , 7
progressive muscle disease
I wish to meet the MythBusters
Stay in Touch!
Sign up to receive email from Make-A-Wish.


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Please wait...
more adorable puppies are on the way.
Baloo the Newfoundland
Featured on 07/02/2013
58 comments - Post a comment
I am a cheeky pup but my mummy loves me. I look rather like a bear and my mummy always gets asked if I am one. I drool lots already and I...more


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Hostel & Cabanas Ida y Vuelta Camping
Address: Avenida Paseo Kuka | Entre Robalo y Chacchi, Holbox Island 77310, Mexico
Mexico >
Yucatan Peninsula >
Quintana Roo >
Holbox Island
Bar / Lounge
Free High Speed Internet ( WiFi )
Free Parking
Room Service
Ranked #2 of 21 Specialty Lodging in Holbox Island
Price Range (Based on Average Rates): $
Hotel Class:2 star — Hostel & Cabanas Ida y Vuelta Camping 2*
Number of rooms: 11
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Small Hostel consisting of ten cabins, located near the beach, city center and all services. Surrounded by coconuts, mangroves and palm trees has a rather broad garden. An appropriate atmosphere in which to hang a hammock and take a "sacred nap," where people can socialize and enjoy their vacation within nature. Warm and comfortable, the hostel offers to backpackers the chance to sleep in hammocks or beds in small wooden huts protected with mosquito net or pitch a tent on soft sand. Some bungalows palafito style with private bathroom to please couples and honeymooners and a fully equipped house, favorite option of families and small groups who want a bit more of privacy, are available as well in the property. Finally, guests can profit from restaurant, bar, hot water, fans, kitchen, small snack bar, tour desk, free Wi-Fi and relax area. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Hotels.com and HostelWorld so you can book your Hostel & Cabanas Ida y Vuelta Camping reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Hostel & Cabanas Ida y Vuelta Camping Hotel Holbox Island
- Hostel And Cabanas Ida y Vuelta Camping


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I was poking through the cookbook section this weekend and came upon Anna Thomas's newly released Love Soup. Being a pain, I brought the book over to Jason and whined, "How come this book is called Love Soup, when it seems to be filled with recipes for salads and sauces, breads and spreads?"
"I don't know," he replied, "but Johanna the rep told me it was a soup cookbook." OK. Well, I listen to ANYTHING Johanna says, so if she says it's a soup book, that's what it is. To be fair, there are almost 400 pages of soups in this book. Soups are the star--the rest is bonus. There's arugala and apple, roasted squash, sweet potato bisque, nettle soup, pickle soup, and chestnut soup. As it's a Norton cookbook, it's edited by Maria Guarnaschelli. That means you'll likely see it nominated during awards season.
I love soup. I love it at restaurants, and I love making it, though I haven't made it much lately. Takes too long. Working at the old Schwartz offices, I was lucky enough to be surounded by soup places--TLC, Soup's On, Soup Brothers, and Soup Market. There's also Uncanny Soup Company, that used to be called Soup Ladle. Let me just say this concentration of soup cafes is rather unusual for a city.
So it's been a bit of a harsh awakening to move to Downer Avenue. Sendiks has one selection a day, Hollander has two, but I'm used to six. There's more variety on North Avenue (and it's really not that far all you pedestrians on North), but it's a bit tough to do in the half an hour we usually allot for lunch.
I've been aching to do a post on my favorite varieties of soup in Milwaukee, but I couldn't figure out how to put it in this blog. I was going to cook a chicken tortilla out of one of our cookbooks, but who has time. I'm afraid that by the time I get around to it, one of my favorite places will either close or change their recipe.
So soup. Today I'm going to talk about chicken tortilla soup, I love it, and in particular, I love three varieties in Milwaukee. They are all so different, that you could rotate among the three for breakfast, lunch and dinner and not be bored. (Soup for breakfast is not a bad idea. When I visited my sister in Beijing, we ate in a traditional breakfast spot, where we were served broth instead of tea as our beverage, chicken or duck!)
So let's start with my tour of chicken tortilla.
Oh, TLC Soup, how I miss eating there three days a week. I still am able to stop by when I'm working a closing shift, but it often means eating lunch at 10:30. Doesn't phase them. They are at the corner of Michigan and Milwaukee downtown, and are known for having very long lines and selling out of many varieties by 12:15. Renee tends to spice aggressively, so you should always ask beforehand if your sensitive to that sort of thing. She also notes vegetarian, vegan, and gluten free options, and usually has some gluten-free bakery. Her son Dan works with her, and Ruby's also been there quite a while. Everyone is as friendly as Renee, who knows many, many of her customers by name. (Note that I am reading John Eisenberg's That First Season; he's appearing at Boswell on October 15th. Yes, I am reading a book about football.)
Their chicken tortilla is a staple of Thursdays. It's a chicken and cornmeal-based soup and packed with vegetables too. They'll top it with chili fixings, though it works very well plain, thank you. It's hearty, meal-sized, and just delicious. If you take out, they'll give you the tortillas separately (make sure they include them), but I like them mooshy.
It's a really great place, and I highly recommend it for anyone visiting Milwaukee. It's great for kids too, and once she opens for Saturdays in the fall (if she does so--every year I think it's going to end), you won't have to deal with crowds.
Head a few blocks south into the Third Ward for Water Buffalo. It's on the corner of (wait for it) Water and Buffalo. It's a restaurant, not fast casual like TLC, but prices are moderate and I think they do a decent bar busines, and in nice weather, you've also got riverside seating.
Their chicken tortilla is cream based, and not quite enough for a meal. But hear's the thing--order the large, not the small! The small is missing something, and that is a skewer of roasted vegetables that accompanies the top, pepper, onion, and...I think tomato. Maybe not. I love deskewering things, but aside from my interest in playing with my food, it really adds a lot to the dish. Very yummy. I must head back there soon.
And then there's Riviera Maya in Bay View. Yes, I'm sure you were a bit skeptical--he's talking about chicken tortilla soup and he's not including any Mexican restaurants? Well, I am. Almost weekly, Kirk and I head to this restaurant on the KK-Howell triangle (alas, where the last Bay View Schwartz was located), generally on Sundays, and indulge.
It's tomato based. They have a vegetarian option, but I always include their shredded chicken and rice. And I almost always get a large. They give a small soup instead of the traditional chips and salsa here. You can order them off the menu, but really, what you really want to do is order their chips with their mole sampler. That's six moles--traditional chocolate, plus pumpkin, almond, tomatillo, peanut, and sesame. It's a great appetizer for a large group, and don't let them tell you what each one is. Guess for yourself--it's not easy. If folks so desire, they can get one of these sauces on their enchilada later.
Well, this is way too long a posting. But I had another angle in talking about soup. It's Empty Bowls season, and my ex-coworker Nancy Quinn is once again volunteering her time to make this event a great fundraiser to ease hunger in the Milwaukee area.
A whole bunch of chefs and restaurants get together on Saturday, October 10th, at the MATC South campus in Oak Creek. For $20 donation per bowl, you get to pick from a delicious soup, and have a beautiful handcrafted bowl to take home. I've gone several times and have always enjoyed it. Your dollars fund local food pantries so that others can eat soup too. And they are always looking for volunteers.
I don't know if my favorites will be there, so now you've got four places to go. And please consider opening a soup place on Downer Avenue. Fast casual is fine, but please include a decent amount of table space. I know the Soup Brothers Outpost on Prospect and North didn't work, but though I love their soups, the place never looked liked it was quite open, and certainly didn't have the charm and humor of their Walker's Point home base.
New Books 3/28
8 hours ago


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Australia Queensland Townsville
A Few Beautiful Things A Touch of Salt Dragonfly Ceremonies Party Shop Robert Oatley Vineyards Salt 66 Shoedini Townsville Tiki on Ackers Townsville Wedding Videos
Hills in Hollywood
Blush Light Blue Peach Silver White
Sometimes seeming opposites work so insanely well together. Take a color palette of soft pastels and drape them over an industrial space and voila, instant wedding magic. Or photo shoot magic in this case. And a heap of vendor goodness is to be thanked. Carbine Avenue created details worthy of the coolest faux wedding (including those fab save the dates) and Insight Creative snapped away behind the lens. See it all right here.
And how about the cutest film of all the behind the scenes goodness from Townsville Wedding Videos…
Click here for the FULL photo shoot!
From Honey of Insight Creative… This is the second year we have created the "Make Believe Wedding." This event is more then just a styled inspiration shoot — the day unfolds just like a real wedding except we can can call "Cut!" whenever we like to redo scenes! This year's Make Believe Wedding was based on an "Urban Industrial" theme. A colour scheme of greys, duck egg blue and peach with metallic silver beautifully complimented our raw concrete backdrop. We used modern and rustic touches to create a real contrast of elements — stacked timber pallets framed by strands of soft, shiny ribbons; metal chairs and rusty steel carts alongside delicate flowers in creams and pastels. The wedding location was in a vacant commercial building in Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
This year we asked couples to submit entries to be our model bride and groom. Reiner and Franzi won from public votes via our blog. The best part about this winning couple is their great story — they totally deserved to have the big wedding they never had the first time around. Why do we do this event? We run the event to inspire Townsville brides and to show them that you can achieve a beautiful, personal and unique wedding using all local suppliers. It is also a great opportunity to meet local wedding suppliers and work with other business that you admire.
From the Winning "Make Believe Wedding" Contest Entry of Reiner & Franzi… My husband and I have been married now for 4.5 years, but we haven't had our white wedding! We got married in Germany at City Hall, but sadly we never made it to the church wedding afterwards because we got married six months before my husband moved to Australia. At the time, we didn't have the money for a big wedding. Back then, we thought we would have the wedding as soon as we are settled in Townsville, but now 4 years are gone, and we still haven't had that big day! For me it would be like a dream, to wear a real wedding dress.
Photography: Insight Creative / Venue: A Vacant Commercial Space in South Townsville, Queensland / Event Design + Styling: Carbine Avenue / Floral Design: Townsville Flower Market / Cinematography: Townsville Wedding Videos / Invitations: Carbine Avenue / Catering: A Touch of Salt / Cake + Cupcakes: Happy Cakes / Wine: Robert Oatley Vineyards / Celebrant: Dragonfly Ceremonies / Wedding Favors + Sweets: Cafe Bambini / Furniture: A Few Beautiful Things / Balloons: Party Shop / Wedding Dress: Hills in Hollywood / Shoes: Shoedini Townsville / Hair: Tiki on Ackers / Makeup: Boheme Beauty / Bridesmaids' Dresses: Salt 66 / Suits: Ralph / Rings + Jewelry: Kim Bartlett Master Jewellers