text:
Civil Rights Division, Department of Justice.
Final rule.
The Attorney General finds it necessary to revise the Department of Justice's "Procedures for the Administration of section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965." The revisions are needed to clarify the scope of section 5 review based on recent amendments to section 5, make technical clarifications and updates, and provide better guidance to covered jurisdictions and interested members of the public concerning current Department practices. Proposed revised Procedures were published for comment on June 11, 2010, and a 60-day comment period was provided.
The rule will be effective on April 15, 2011.
T. Christian Herren, Jr., Chief, Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, United States Department of Justice, Room 7254-NWB, 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20530, or by telephone at (800) 253-3931.
Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 1973c, requires certain jurisdictions (listed in the Appendix) to obtain "preclearance" from either the United States District Court for the District of Columbia or the United States Attorney General before implementing any new standard, practice, or procedure that affects voting.
Procedures for the Attorney General's Administration of section 5 were first published in 1971. Proposed Procedures were published for comment on May 28, 1971 (36 FR 9781), and the final Procedures were published on September 10, 1971 (36 FR 18186). As a result of the Department's experience under the 1971 Procedures, changes mandated by the 1975 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act, and interpretations of section 5 contained in judicial decisions, proposed revised Procedures were published for comment on March 21, 1980 (45 FR 18890), and final revised Procedures were published on January 5, 1981 (46 FR 870) (corrected at 46 FR 9571, Jan. 29, 1981). As a result of further experience under the 1981 Procedures, specifically with respect to redistricting plans adopted following the 1980 Census, changes mandated by the 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act, and judicial decisions in cases involving section 5, revised Procedures were published for comment on May 6, 1985 (50 FR 19122), and final revised Procedures were published on January 6, 1987 (52 FR 486).
In the twenty-four years since the previous revisions became final, the Attorney General has had further experience in the consideration of voting changes; the courts have issued a number of important decisions in cases involving section 5, and Congress enacted the 2006 amendments to the Voting Rights Act. This new revision reflects these developments.
In response to the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking ("Notice") published on June 11, 2010 (75 FR 33205), we received comments from or on behalf of two national public interest organizations, one research and educational institution, one national political organization composed of attorneys, and one individual. All comments received are available for inspection and copying at www.regulations.gov and at the Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, Department of Justice, Washington DC 20530.
The comments received expressed diverse views and were of great assistance in the preparation of these final revisions to the Procedures. The final revised Procedures reflect our consideration of the comments as well as further consideration of sections or topics that were not the subject of comments.
The purpose of the revision to the definition of "change affecting voting" or "change" is to clarify the definition of the benchmark standard, practice, or procedure. One commenter recommended we revise this section to reflect that the benchmark is the standard, practice, or procedure in force or effect at the time of the submission or the last legally enforceable standard, practice, or procedure in force or effect in the jurisdiction. We have concluded that no further revision of this section is warranted. The Voting Section's practice is to compare the proposed standard, practice, or procedure to the benchmark. Generally, the benchmark is the standard, practice, or procedure that has been: (1) Unchanged since the jurisdiction's coverage date; or (2) if changed since that date, found to comply with section 5 and "in force or effect."
The purpose of the revisions to the delegation of authority is to make technical corrections to the delegation of authority from the Attorney General to the Assistant Attorney General, and from the Chief of the Voting Section to supervisory attorneys within the Voting Section, and to conform the Procedures to other parts of Title 28. Two commenters objected to the revisions, expressing concern that the delegation of the functions of the Chief to supervisory attorneys in the Voting Section results in the delegation of section 5 legal review authority to non-politically appointed attorneys subordinate to the Section Chief.
The concerns of these commenters are unfounded. The delegation of authority in these Procedures is similar to existing delegations. For example, pursuant to the appendix to 28 CFR Part 0, Subpart J, the Chief may authorize the Deputy Chief to act on his or her behalf. Moreover, under the revised Procedures, the Chief needs the concurrence of the Assistant Attorney General, who is a presidential appointee, to designate supervisory attorneys to perform section 5 functions. Accordingly, we decline to revise the section further.
The purpose of the revisions to this section is to clarify that the review period commences when a submission is received by the Department officials responsible for conducting section 5 reviews and to clarify the date of the response.
One commenter objected to the commencement of the 60-day review period upon receipt of the submission by the Voting Section or the Office of the Assistant Attorney General of the Civil Rights Division as an unwarranted extension of the 60-day review period. The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provide for the designation of a Department clerical employee to receive summonses on behalf of the Attorney General. Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(i)(1)(A)(i). Similarly, and for the same purpose of prompt and efficient routing, the Attorney General has designated both the Voting Section and the Office of the Assistant Attorney General of the Civil Rights Division as the proper recipients for section 5 submissions.
The Department has made one additional edit to this section. As set forth in the Notice and as described below, a second paragraph is being added to § 51.37 (Obtaining information from the submitting authority). To ensure consistency, the reference to § 51.37, contained in previous versions of the Procedures, is amended to § 51.37(b),
The purpose of this revision is to clarify that the dissolution or merger of voting districts, de facto elimination of an elected office, and reallocations of authority to adopt or administer voting practices or procedures are all subject to section 5 review.
One commenter suggested that we add the extension of a term of office for an elected official as an example of a covered change in paragraph (i). We concluded that including this example would provide additional clarity. To the extent that the extension of an elected official's term is a discretionary change that affects the next regularly scheduled election for that office, there is no question that it constitutes a "change affecting voting" covered by section 5. Additionally, extending the term of a particular office affects the ability of voters to elect candidates of choice at regularly scheduled intervals.
The commenter also suggested that paragraph (k), which provides that changes affecting the right or ability of persons to participate in "political campaigns" are covered under section 5, be expanded to include "campaigns or other pre-election activity." We agreed that the phrase "political campaigns," without any elaboration, may carry partisan connotations not envisioned by the statute. Additionally, "political campaigns" may not include all pre-election activity related to voting, and a somewhat broader construction is consistent with the broad scope given to "changes affecting voting" covered under section 5. Such changes include any "voting qualification or prerequisite to voting or standard, practice, or procedure" related to the right to vote, 42 U.S.C. 1973(a), and the Supreme Court has recognized that voting includes "all action necessary to make a vote effective."
Using the phrase "pre-election activity," by itself, however, is too general and nebulous. As a result, we have revised the paragraph to reflect that any change affecting the right or ability of persons to participate in pre-election activity, such as political campaigns, is subject to review under section 5.
Another commenter objected to the inclusion of paragraph (l) as an example of changes affecting voting, stating that this change did not fall within the scope of section 5 coverage. A change in the voting-related authority of an official or governmental entity does alter election law and change rules governing voting. Thus, such changes meet the test of voting relatedness that is at the core of the Court's decision in
The purpose of the revisions to this section is to clarify the principle that section 5 review ordinarily should precede other forms of court review, that a court-ordered change that initially is not subject to section 5 may become covered through subsequent actions taken by the affected jurisdiction, and that the interim use of an covered change before it is established that such change complies with section 5 should be ordered by a court only in emergency circumstances.
One commenter opposed the changes contained in the section stating that the revisions appear to grant federal courts greater authority than the case law recognizes to implement voting changes that are subject to, but not yet reviewed under, section 5 on an emergency basis. Although that was not the intent of the revisions, we have modified § 51.18(a) to clarify that it reflects existing judicial precedent. After further consideration, we believe that, other than renumbering the paragraph as § 51.18(d), it is appropriate not to make any change to § 51.18(c) as it currently exists in the Procedures.
The proposed revision to paragraph (a) was omitted from the June 11, 2010, Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in error. The purpose of the revision is to make purely technical changes to the format in which information may be submitted to the Attorney General electronically. In addition, since the publication of the Notice, the Census Bureau has renamed the 15-character geographic identifier specified in paragraph (b); the final Procedures reflect this change in nomenclature.
The purpose of the revisions to this section is to clarify the addresses and methods by which persons may provide written comments on section 5 submissions and to clarify the circumstances in which the Department may withhold the identity of those providing comments on section 5 submissions.
One commenter objected to the nondisclosure of the identity of an individual or entity where an assurance of confidentiality may reasonably be implied from the circumstances of the communication. The Department believes, however, that communications
The purpose of the revisions to this section is to clarify the procedures for the Attorney General to make oral and written requests for additional information regarding a section 5 submission.
One commenter recommended that we revise the paragraph concerning oral requests to make clear that the Attorney General reserves the authority to restart the 60-day review period upon receipt of material provided in response to the Attorney General's first such request made with respect to a submission, and that responses to an oral request do not affect the running of the 60-day period once a written request for information is made.
We declined to amend the proposed language regarding responses to an oral request because as the Procedures currently exist the Attorney General may request further information within the new 60-day period following the receipt of a response from the submitting authority to an earlier written request, but such a request shall not suspend the running the 60-day period, nor shall the Attorney General's receipt of such further information begin a new 60-day period. Moreover, § 51.39 provides that we may determine that information supplied in response to an oral request in the initial review period materially supplements the pending request such that it does extend the 60-day period.
We did conclude, however, on the basis of the comment that we received, that a reordering of the paragraphs would add clarity to the section and make it more useful.
As described above, the paragraphs of § 51.37 are being reordered. To ensure consistency, the reference to § 51.37(a) in previous versions of the Procedures is amended to § 51.37(b).
The purpose of the revisions to this section is to clarify the manner in which the 60-day requirement applies to reconsideration requests and revise language to conform to the substantive section 5 standard in the 2006 amendments to the Act.
One commenter objected to the revisions in paragraph (a), expressing a concern that the revisions permit the Attorney General to exceed 60 days for the reconsideration of an objection. Section 51.48 provides that the 60-day reconsideration period may be extended to allow a 15-day decision period following a conference held pursuant to § 51.47. Moreover, the courts have held that when a submitting jurisdiction deems its initial submission on a reconsideration request to be inadequate and decides to supplement it, the 60-day period is commenced anew. The purpose of this interpretation is to provide the Attorney General time to give adequate consideration to materials submitted in piecemeal fashion.
The purpose of the revision to this section is to clarify the procedures regarding access to section 5 records. One commenter opposed the changes to paragraph (b) and conveyed concerns that these changes will result in the removal of record keeping with regard to objection files.
Under paragraph (a), the Voting Section continues to maintain a section 5 file for each submission, including objection files. Accordingly, all appropriate records continue to be maintained with regard to all section 5 submissions.
The purpose of the revision to this section is to clarify the substantive standard so as to reflect the 2006 amendments to the Act and the manner in which the Attorney General will evaluate submissions under section 5.
One commenter suggested that paragraph (a) be amended further to reflect the fact that the Attorney General "shall apply the same standard of review," instead of "shall make the same determination," that would be made by a court in an action for a declaratory judgment under section 5. The section refers to making a "determination" as the activity that both the Attorney General and the district court undertake,
Another commentator suggested we replace "purpose and effect" with "purpose or effect" in paragraph (c). Although we decided not to incorporate the commentator's exact change, we did decide that further refinement of the paragraph would provide more clarity. Therefore, the paragraph will reflect that in those situations where the evidence as to the purpose or effect of the change is conflicting and the Attorney General is unable to determine that the change is free of both the prohibited discriminatory purpose and effect, the Attorney General will interpose an objection.
One commenter suggested various minor edits to the proposed language. We declined to make these changes. The proposed language reflects our extensive experience gained over the years in our administrative review of section 5 changes, while avoiding redundancy.
We did edit the language of paragraph (c) to reflect that the statutory language refers to a change in a standard, practice, or procedure affecting voting, not only a practice or procedure.
One commenter suggested that we include "contemporaneous statements and viewpoints held by decision-makers" in the list of relevant factors. Such statements are an evidentiary source cited by the Court in its opinion in
One commenter suggested that this paragraph be revised to state that whether "election-related activities," instead of "political activities," are racially segregated or exclusionary constitutes important background information when making section 5 determinations. The proposed paragraph provided that the Attorney General will consider the "extent to which voting in the jurisdiction is racially polarized and political activities are racially segregated." Courts in cases assessing whether the constitutional guarantees afforded to persons to exercise the franchise without discrimination have been infringed have often used the words "electoral" and "political" as synonyms for each other. See,
Two commenters recommended various additions or deletions to paragraph 51.59(a). Because these factors are not intended to be exhaustive, not all factors are listed. Rather, the factors that are listed are illustrative, intended to provide guidance to jurisdictions regarding redistricting plans.
Other commenters suggested we delete or revise certain previously existing factors described in the paragraph. The Attorney General has, however, repeatedly cited factors identified in the section in past objection letters. Additionally, courts have cited "traditional redistricting principles," such as preserving recognized communities of interest and maintaining political and geographical boundaries, as relevant factors in a section 5 analysis.
One commenter suggested we amend paragraph 51.59(a)(7) to focus on whether a proposed plan is inconsistent with the jurisdiction's "long-held" redistricting standards, instead of the jurisdiction's "stated standards." The commenter believes that by adding the term "long-held," jurisdictions will be discouraged from adopting ad hoc redistricting principles to insulate a redistricting plan during section 5 review. The current factors, particularly with regards to discriminatory purpose, encapsulate scenarios where a jurisdiction adopts pretextual or unusual redistricting criteria. The Procedures should not be interpreted to discourage jurisdictions from considering traditional redistricting principles such as one-person, one-vote, or maintaining natural political or geographic boundaries, even if they have not done so in the past.
Several commenters suggested this paragraph be revised in the interest of clarity. After reviewing the language, we agreed that it did not clearly reflect the relevant case law on this point and that some clarification would be helpful. We revised the paragraph accordingly.
One commenter suggested the addition of several provisions related to the substantive standards to be employed during the review of redistricting plans. The proposed revisions go beyond the scope of these Procedures.
This rule amends interpretative rules, general statements of policy, or rules of agency organization, procedure, or practice and therefore the notice requirement of 5 U.S.C. 553(b) is not mandatory. Although notice and comment was not required, we nonetheless chose to offer the proposed rule for notice and comment.
The Attorney General, in accordance with the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 605(b)), has reviewed this rule and by approving it certifies that this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities because it applies only to governmental entities and jurisdictions that are already required by section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 to submit voting changes to the Department of Justice, and this rule does not change this requirement. It provides guidance to such entities to assist them in making the required submissions under section 5. Further, a Regulatory Flexibility Analysis was not required to be prepared for this rule because the Department of Justice was not required to publish a general notice of proposed rulemaking for this matter.
This rule has been drafted and reviewed in accordance with Executive Order 12866, "Regulatory Planning and Review," section 1(b), Principles of Regulation. The Department of Justice has determined that this rule is not a "significant regulatory action" under Executive Order 12866, section 3(f), Regulatory Planning and Review, and accordingly this rule has not been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget. The amendments made by this rule clarify the scope of section 5 review based on recent amendments to section 5, make certain technical clarifications and updates, and provide better guidance to covered jurisdictions and citizens. In many instances, the amendments describe longstanding practices of the Attorney General in his review of section 5 submissions.
This rule does not have federalism implications warranting the preparation of a Federalism Assessment under section 6 of Executive Order 13132 because the rule does not alter or modify the existing statutory requirements of section 5 of the Voting Rights Act imposed on the States, including units of local government or political subdivisions of the States.
This document meets the applicable standards set forth in sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) of Executive Order 12988.
This rule will not result in the expenditure by State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the private sector, of $100,000,000 or more in any one year, and it will not significantly or uniquely affect small governments. Therefore, no actions are necessary under the provisions of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995.
Administrative practice and procedure, Archives and records, Authority delegations (government agencies), Civil rights, Elections, Political committees and parties, Voting rights.
Accordingly, by virtue of the authority vested in me as Attorney General, including 5 U.S.C. 301, 28 U.S.C. 509, 510, and 42 U.S.C. 1973b, 1973c, the following amendments are made to Chapter I of Title 28 of the Code of Federal Regulations:
(h) Administration of sections 3(c) and 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, as amended (42 U.S.C. 1973a(c), 1973c).
5 U.S.C. 301; 28 U.S.C. 509, 510, and 42 U.S.C. 1973b, 1973c.
(a) * * *
(1) A declaratory judgment is obtained from the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia that such qualification, prerequisite, standard, practice, or procedure neither has the purpose nor will have the effect of denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race, color, or membership in a language minority group, or
The responsibility and authority for determinations under section 5 and section 3(c) have been delegated by the Attorney General to the Assistant Attorney General, Civil Rights Division. With the exception of objections and decisions following the reconsideration of objections, the Chief of the Voting Section is authorized to perform the functions of the Assistant Attorney General. With the concurrence of the Assistant Attorney General, the Chief of the Voting Section may designate supervisory attorneys in the Voting Section to perform the functions of the Chief.
All political subunits within a covered jurisdiction (
(a) The Attorney General shall have 60 days in which to interpose an objection to a submitted change affecting voting for which a response on the merits is appropriate (
(b) The 60-day period shall commence upon receipt of a submission by the Voting Section of the Department of Justice's Civil Rights Division or upon receipt of a submission by the Office of the Assistant Attorney General, Civil Rights Division, if the submission is properly marked as specified in § 51.24(f). The 60-day period shall recommence upon the receipt in like manner of a resubmission (
(c) The 60-day period shall mean 60 calendar days, with the day of receipt of the submission not counted, and with the 60th day ending at 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time of that day. If the final day of the period should fall on a Saturday, Sunday, or any day designated as a holiday by the President or Congress of the United States, or any other day that is not a day of regular business for the Department of Justice, the next full business day shall be counted as the final day of the 60-day period. The date of the Attorney General's response shall be the date on which it is transmitted to the submitting authority by any reasonable means, including placing it in a postbox of the U.S. Postal Service or a private mail carrier, sending it by telefacsimile, email, or other electronic means, or delivering it in person to a representative of the submitting authority.
(a) Obtain a judicial determination from the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia that the voting change neither has the purpose nor will have the effect of denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race, color, or membership in a language minority group.
Submission to the Attorney General does not affect the right of the
Except as provided in § 51.18 (Federal court-ordered changes), the section 5 requirement applies to any change affecting voting, even though it appears to be minor or indirect, returns to a prior practice or procedure, seemingly expands voting rights, or is designed to remove the elements that caused the Attorney General to object to a prior submitted change. The scope of section 5 coverage is based on whether the generic category of changes affecting voting to which the change belongs (for example, the generic categories of changes listed in § 51.13) has the potential for discrimination.
(e) Any change in the constituency of an official or the boundaries of a voting unit (
(i) Any change in the term of an elective office or an elected official, or any change in the offices that are elective (
(k) Any change affecting the right or ability of persons to participate in pre-election activities, such as political campaigns.
(l) Any change that transfers or alters the authority of any official or governmental entity regarding who may enact or seek to implement a voting qualification, prerequisite to voting, or standard, practice, or procedure with respect to voting.
A jurisdiction subject to the preclearance requirements of section 5 that becomes involved in any litigation concerning voting is requested to notify the Chief, Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, at the addresses, telefacsimile number, or email address specified in § 51.24. Such notification will not be considered a submission under section 5.
(b) The Attorney General will accept certain machine readable data in the following electronic media: 3.5 inch 1.4 megabyte disk, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) formatted to the ISO-9660/Joliet standard, or digital versatile disc read-only memory (DVD-ROM). Unless requested by the Attorney General, data provided on electronic media need not be provided in hard copy.
(c) All electronic media shall be clearly labeled with the following information:
(1) Submitting authority.
(2) Name, address, title, and telephone number of contact person.
(3) Date of submission cover letter.
(4) Statement identifying the voting change(s) involved in the submission.
(d) Each magnetic medium (floppy disk or tape) provided must be accompanied by a printed description of its contents, including an identification by name or location of each data file contained on the medium, a detailed record layout for each such file, a record count for each such file, and a full description of the magnetic medium format.
(e) Text documents should be provided in a standard American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) character code; documents with graphics and complex formatting should be provided in standard Portable Document Format (PDF). The label shall be affixed to each electronic medium, and the information included on the label shall also be contained in a documentation file on the electronic medium.
(f) All data files shall be provided in a delimited text file and must include a header row as the first row with a name for each field in the data set. A separate data dictionary file documenting the fields in the data set, the field separators or delimiters, and a description of each field, including whether the field is text, date, or numeric, enumerating all possible values is required; separators and delimiters should not also be used as data in the data set. Proprietary or commercial software system data files (
Changes affecting voting should be submitted as soon as possible after they become final, except as provided in § 51.22.
(a) The Attorney General will not consider on the merits:
(1) Any proposal for a change submitted prior to final enactment or administrative decision except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section.
(2) Any submitted change directly related to another change that has not received section 5 preclearance if the Attorney General determines that the two changes cannot be substantively considered independently of one another.
(3) Any submitted change whose enforcement has ceased and been superseded by a standard, practice, or procedure that has received section 5 preclearance or that is otherwise legally enforceable under section 5.
(b) For any change requiring approval by referendum, by a State or Federal court, or by a Federal agency, the Attorney General may make a determination concerning the change prior to such approval if the change is not subject to alteration in the final approving action and if all other action necessary for approval has been taken. (
(a) Changes affecting voting shall be submitted by the chief legal officer or other appropriate official of the submitting authority or by any other authorized person on behalf of the submitting authority. A State, whether partially or fully covered, has authority to submit any voting change on behalf of its covered jurisdictions and political subunits. Where a State is covered as a whole, State legislation or other changes undertaken or required by the State shall be submitted by the State (except that legislation of local applicability may be submitted by political subunits). Where a State is partially covered, changes of statewide application may be submitted by the State. Submissions from the State, rather than from the individual covered jurisdictions, would serve the State's interest in at least two important respects: first, the State is better able to explain to the Attorney General the purpose and effect of voting changes it enacts than are the individual covered jurisdictions; second, a single submission of the voting change on behalf of all of the covered jurisdictions would reduce the possibility that some State acts will be legally enforceable in some parts of the State but not in others.
(b) A change effected by a political party (
(c) A change affecting voting that results from a State court order should be submitted by the jurisdiction or entity that is to implement or administer the change (in the manner specified by paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section).
(g) The most current information on addresses for, and methods of making, section 5 submissions is available on the Voting Section website at
(a) A jurisdiction may withdraw a submission at any time prior to a final decision by the Attorney General. Notice of the withdrawal of a submission must be made in writing addressed to the Chief, Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, to be delivered at the addresses, telefacsimile number, or email address specified in § 51.24. The submission shall be deemed withdrawn upon the Attorney General's receipt of the notice.
(a) A copy of any ordinance, enactment, order, or regulation embodying the change affecting voting for which section 5 preclearance is being requested.
(b) A copy of any ordinance, enactment, order, or regulation embodying the voting standard, practice, or procedure that is proposed to be repealed, amended, or otherwise changed.
(c) A statement that identifies with specificity each change affecting voting for which section 5 preclearance is being requested and that explains the difference between the submitted change and the prior law or practice. If the submitted change is a special referendum election and the subject of the referendum is a proposed change affecting voting, the submission should specify whether preclearance is being requested solely for the special election or for both the special election and the proposed change to be voted on in the referendum (
(d) The name, title, mailing address, and telephone number of the person making the submission. Where available, a telefacsimile number and an email address for the person making the submission also should be provided.
(a) * * *
(5) Demographic data on electronic media that are provided in conjunction
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(6) Demographic data on magnetic media that are provided in conjunction with a redistricting can be provided in shapefile (.shp) spatial data format.
(i) The shapefile shall include at a minimum the main file, index file, and dBASE table.
(ii) The dBASE table shall contain a row for each census block. Each census block will be identified by the state, county, tract and block identifier [GEOID10] as specified by the Bureau of Census. Each row shall identify the district assignment and relevant population for that specific row.
(iii) The shapefile should include a projection file (.prj).
(iv) The shapefile should be sent in NAD 83 geographic projection. If another projection is used, it should be described fully.
(1) The present and expected future use of the annexed land (
(2) An estimate of the expected population, by race and language group, when anticipated development, if any, is completed.
(3) A statement that all prior annexations (and deannexations) subject to the preclearance requirement have been submitted for review, or a statement that identifies all annexations (and deannexations) subject to the preclearance requirement that have not been submitted for review.
(4) To the extent that the jurisdiction elects some or all members of its governing body from single-member districts, it should inform the Attorney General how the newly annexed territory will be incorporated into the existing election districts.
(b) Comments should be sent to the Chief, Voting Section, Civil Rights Division, at the addresses, telefacsimile number, or email address specified in § 51.24. The first page and the envelope (if any) should be marked: "Comment under section 5 of the Voting Rights Act." Comments should include, where available, the name of the jurisdiction and the Attorney General's file number (YYYY-NNNN) in the subject line.
(d) To the extent permitted by the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552, the Attorney General shall not disclose to any person outside the Department of Justice the identity of any individual or entity providing information on a submission or the administration of section 5 where the individual or entity has requested confidentiality; an assurance of confidentiality may reasonably be implied from the circumstances of the communication; disclosure could reasonably be expected to constitute an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy under 5 U.S.C. 552; or disclosure is prohibited by any applicable provisions of federal law.
(a) When the Attorney General determines that a response on the merits of a submitted change is inappropriate, the Attorney General shall notify the submitting official in writing within the 60-day period that would have commenced for a determination on the merits and shall include an explanation of the reason why a response is not appropriate.
(b) Matters that are not appropriate for a merits response include:
(1) Changes that do not affect voting (
(2) Standards, practices, or procedures that have not been changed (
(3) Changes that previously have received preclearance;
(4) Changes that affect voting but are not subject to the requirement of section 5 (
(5) Changes that have been superseded or for which a determination is premature (
(6) Submissions by jurisdictions not subject to the preclearance requirement (
(7) Submissions by an inappropriate or unauthorized party or jurisdiction (
(8) Deficient submissions (
(c) Following such a notification by the Attorney General, a change shall be deemed resubmitted for section 5 review upon the Attorney General's receipt of a submission or other written information that renders the change appropriate for review on the merits (such as a notification from the submitting authority that a change previously determined to be premature has been formally adopted). Notice of the resubmission of a change affecting voting will be given to interested parties registered under § 51.32.
(2) An oral request for information shall not limit the authority of the Attorney General to make a written request for information.
(3) The Attorney General will notify the submitting authority in writing when the 60-day period for a submission is recalculated from the Attorney General's receipt of written information provided in response to an oral request as described in § 51.37(a)(1), above.
(4) Notice of the Attorney General's receipt of written information pursuant to an oral request will be given to interested parties registered under § 51.32.
(2) A copy of the request shall be sent to any party who has commented on the submission or has requested notice of the Attorney General's action thereon.
(3) The Attorney General shall notify the submitting authority that a new 60-day period in which the Attorney General may interpose an objection shall commence upon the Attorney General's receipt of a response from the submitting authority that provides the information requested or states that the information is unavailable. The Attorney General can request further information in writing within the new 60-day period, but such a further request shall not suspend the running of the 60-day period, nor shall the Attorney General's receipt of such further information begin a new 60-day period.
(4) Where the response from the submitting authority neither provides the information requested nor states that such information is unavailable, the response shall not commence a new 60-day period. It is the practice of the Attorney General to notify the submitting authority that its response is incomplete and to provide such notification as soon as possible within the 60-day period that would have commenced had the response been complete. Where the response includes a portion of the available information that was requested, the Attorney General will reevaluate the submission to ascertain whether a determination on the merits may be made based upon the information provided. If a merits determination is appropriate, it is the practice of the Attorney General to make that determination within the new 60-day period that would have commenced had the response been complete.
(5) If, after a request for further information is made pursuant to this section, the information requested by the Attorney General becomes available to the Attorney General from a source other than the submitting authority, the Attorney General shall promptly notify the submitting authority in writing, and the new 60-day period will commence the day after the information is received by the Attorney General.
(6) Notice of the written request for further information and the receipt of a response by the Attorney General will be given to interested parties registered under § 51.32.
(b) The Attorney General will notify the submitting authority in writing when the 60-day period for a submission is recalculated due to the Attorney General's receipt of supplemental information or a related submission.
(c) Notice of the Attorney General's receipt of supplemental information or a related submission will be given to interested parties registered under § 51.32.
If after 60 days the submitting authority has not provided further information in response to a request made pursuant to § 51.37(b), the Attorney General, absent extenuating circumstances and consistent with the burden of proof under section 5 described in § 51.52(a) and (c), may object to the change, giving notice as specified in § 51.44.
It is the practice and intention of the Attorney General to respond in writing to each submission within the 60-day period. However, the failure of the Attorney General to make a written response within the 60-day period constitutes preclearance of the submitted change, provided that a 60-day review period had commenced after receipt by the Attorney General of a complete submission that is appropriate for a response on the merits. (
(a) After notification to the submitting authority of a decision not to interpose an objection to a submitted change affecting voting has been given, the Attorney General may reexamine the submission if, prior to the expiration of the 60-day period, information comes to the attention of the Attorney General that would otherwise require objection in accordance with section 5.
(b) In such circumstances, the Attorney General may by letter withdraw his decision not to interpose an objection and may by letter interpose an objection provisionally, in accordance with § 51.44, and advise the submitting authority that examination of the change in light of the newly raised issues will continue and that a final decision will be rendered as soon as possible.
(c) The submitting authority shall be advised further that notwithstanding the objection it may institute an action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia for a declaratory judgment that the change objected to by the Attorney General neither has the purpose nor will have the effect of denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race, color, or membership in a language minority group.
(a) Where there appears to have been a substantial change in operative fact or relevant law, or where it appears there may have been a misinterpretation of fact or mistake in the law, an objection may be reconsidered, if it is deemed appropriate, at the instance of the Attorney General.
(a) It is the practice of the Attorney General to notify the submitting authority of the decision to continue or withdraw an objection within a 60-day period following receipt of a reconsideration request or following notice given under § 51.46(b), except that this 60-day period shall be recommenced upon receipt of any documents or written information from the submitting authority that materially supplements the reconsideration review, irrespective of whether the submitting authority provides the documents or information at its own instance or pursuant to a request (written or oral) by the Attorney General. The 60-day reconsideration period may be extended to allow a 15-day decision period following a conference held pursuant to § 51.47. The 60-day reconsideration period shall be computed in the manner specified in § 51.9. Where the reconsideration is at the instance of the Attorney General, the first day of the period shall be the day after the notice required by § 51.46(b) is transmitted to the submitting authority. The reasons for the reconsideration decision shall be stated.
(b) The objection shall be withdrawn if the Attorney General is satisfied that the change neither has the purpose nor will have the effect of denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race, color, or membership in a language minority group.
(c) If the objection is not withdrawn, the submitting authority shall be advised that notwithstanding the objection it may institute an action in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia for a declaratory judgment that the change objected to by the Attorney General neither has the purpose nor will have the effect of denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race, color, or membership in a language minority group.
(d) An objection remains in effect until either it is specifically withdrawn by the Attorney General or a declaratory judgment with respect to the change in question is entered by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia.
(2) The Attorney General will make the comparison based on the conditions existing at the time of the submission.
(3) The implementation and use of an unprecleared voting change subject to section 5 review does not operate to make that unprecleared change a benchmark for any subsequent change submitted by the jurisdiction.
(4) Where at the time of submission of a change for section 5 review there exists no other lawful standard, practice, or procedure for use as a benchmark (
Among the factors the Attorney General will consider in making determinations with respect to the submitted changes affecting voting are the following:
(a) The extent to which a reasonable and legitimate justification for the change exists;
(b) The extent to which the jurisdiction followed objective guidelines and fair and conventional procedures in adopting the change;
(c) The extent to which the jurisdiction afforded members of racial and language minority groups an opportunity to participate in the decision to make the change;
(d) The extent to which the jurisdiction took the concerns of members of racial and language minority groups into account in making the change; and
(e) The factors set forth in
(1) Whether the impact of the official action bears more heavily on one race than another;
(2) The historical background of the decision;
(3) The specific sequence of events leading up to the decision;
(4) Whether there are departures from the normal procedural sequence;
(5) Whether there are substantive departures from the normal factors considered; and
(6) The legislative or administrative history, including contemporaneous statements made by the decision makers.
(1) The extent to which minorities have been denied an equal opportunity to participate meaningfully in the political process in the jurisdiction.
(2) The extent to which voting in the jurisdiction is racially polarized and election-related activities are racially segregated.
(3) The extent to which the voter registration and election participation of minority voters have been adversely affected by present or past discrimination.
(1) The extent to which malapportioned districts deny or abridge the right to vote of minority citizens;
(2) The extent to which minority voting strength is reduced by the proposed redistricting;
(3) The extent to which minority concentrations are fragmented among different districts;
(4) The extent to which minorities are over concentrated in one or more districts;
(5) The extent to which available alternative plans satisfying the jurisdiction's legitimate governmental interests were considered;
(6) The extent to which the plan departs from objective redistricting criteria set by the submitting jurisdiction, ignores other relevant factors such as compactness and contiguity, or displays a configuration that inexplicably disregards available natural or artificial boundaries; and
(7) The extent to which the plan is inconsistent with the jurisdiction's stated redistricting standards.
The requirements of section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, as amended, apply in the following jurisdictions. The applicable date is the date that was used to determine coverage and the date after which changes affecting voting are subject to the preclearance requirement. Some jurisdictions, for example, Yuba County, California, are included more than once because they have been determined on more than one occasion to be covered under section 4(b).
The following political subdivisions in States subject to statewide coverage are also covered individually:
The Voting Section maintains a current list of those jurisdictions that have maintained successful declaratory judgments from the United States District Court for the District of Columbia pursuant to section 4 of the Act on its Web site at


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Administrative Professionals Week View All
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JP Erram, Blackwater stand ground, hand Ginebra first loss
Blackwater Elite fired on all cylinders especially in the deciding quarter to zoom past Barangay Ginebra San Miguel, 94-77, and end the latter's two-game winning streak, Friday evening at the Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay City.
After winning at the Cuneta Astrodome and defeating the Rain or Shine Elasto Painters for the first time in team history to close out 2017, the Elite were able to open 2018 with its first win against Ginebra in an All-Filipino setting.
"Like what I've discussed (to some of the media members), it will be something special for our team if we will be able to hand Ginebra their first loss," said Blackwater head coach Leo Isaac. "And in our part we got our first win in 2018."
Poy Erram and Mac Belo led Blackwater's attack with 22 points apiece, with the former adding 11 rebounds to his total. Allein Maliksi finally broke out as he produced 17 markers and seven caroms.
From a precarious 64-63 lead early in the final frame, the Elite unloaded a compelling 18-6 spree — punctated by Mike Di Gregorio's lay-up off a drive — to establish an 82-69 advantage with 5:09 remaining on the clock.
That run was basically the rally where Blackwater had the Gin Kings in control. They then sustained the favorable cushion afterwards by playing hard-nosed ball even in the last five minutes, eventually leading to the 17-point rout.
"They were able to cut down the lead but I told the players to just keep playing team basketball," added Isaac on the victory, which had improved their win-loss slate to 2-1. "Luckily we were able to do what we planned."
The loss put in vain the balanced attack the now-2-1 Ginebra had deployed, led by Greg Slaughter's 20 points, 10 rebounds, and four assists. LA Tenorio had 16 points, five boards, and six dimes, while Japeth Aguilar chipped in 14 and eight.
Guard Scottie Thompson was the third player in the game to register a double-double of 12 points and 10 rebounds along with five assists.
Blackwater will look to make it three in a row versus TNT on January 17, Wednesday, 7:00 PM at SMART Araneta Coliseum. Ginebra, meanwhile, will aim to bounce back versus Alaska after a long break on January 21, Sunday, 6:45 PM at Ynares Center in Antipolo.
The Scores:
Blackwater 94 – Erram 22, Belo 22, Maliksi 17, Jose 8, DiGregorio 8, Sena 7, Cortez 4, Palma 4, Marcelo 2, Pinto 0, Cruz 0, Sumang 0.
Ginebra 77 – Slaughter 20, Tenorio 16, Aguilar 14, Thompson 12, Cruz 4, Taha 4, Caguioa 3, Ferrer 2, Mariano 2, Wilson 0, R. Aguilar 0.
Quarterscores: 19-19, 41-33, 64-61, 94-77.
Rival coaches agree: Ramil de Jesus should coach National Team
Tyrus Hill, Kurt Lojera transfer to La Salle
Lady Eagles survive Golden Tigresses to clinch Final Four spot
Ateneo taking costly UP loss in stride
Kevin Belingon demolishes Andrew Leone, stakes claim as top contender
Giorgio Petrosyan, Nong-o Gaiyanghadao shine in Super Series debut
Honorio Banario frustrates Adrian Pang, stays unbeaten at lightweight
Clinical Gina Iniong outpoints Jenny Huang for bounce back win
Tiger Spikers squeeze into Final Four, outlast Soaring Falcons
Bryan Bagunas, Bulldogs end four-year curse against Blue Eagles
Tamaraws stamp twice-to-beat ticket, eliminate Green Spikers
Lady Falcons outmuscle Golden Tigresses in Season 80 finale
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Kobe Paras attends first practice; Kiefer Ravena watches on the sidelines


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Greytown school's education success
A Wairarapa high school is hailing the early results of a radical curriculum change, which has done away with individual subjects and focuses instead on solving ''real-life problems''.
Kuranui College, in Greytown, said introducing the change for the new school year had been time-consuming, but early indications suggested it was having a positive impact.
''We have seen a dramatic reduction of behavioural concerns and a massive increase in engagement,'' deputy principal Vicki Wish said. ''There is a buzz of learning happening in classrooms, and a corresponding tone in the staffroom.''
The introduction of the Ignite system for year 9 and 10 students had been in the planning for more than two years, and were geared towards suiting students' individual strengths, she said.
Each course offered under the system encompass different subjects: some will be compulsory, and in each there will be choices.
''Students have responded very well to being in classes with a wide range of abilities, and having both year 9 and year 10 in each course,'' Wish said.
''It's exciting to see our new year 9s work hard to match the skills and knowledge of year 10s, and for the year 10s to also lift their game in response. We're confident that this will pay dividends in the senior school.''
''There is a buzz of learning happening in classrooms, and a corresponding tone in the staffroom.''
Wish said last year that the changes stemmed from a desire to focus more on individual students' strengths.
''When we began evaluating how effective we were in delivering the curriculum in our junior school ... we quickly identified that there were three key issues that needed to be addressed. We were giving an unequal amount of time to the study of core versus option subjects.
''Students were having little ownership in what they learnt, and many were experiencing difficulty in seeing the connections between the subjects they were studying and the relevance for real-life after leaving school.''
An example of how the Ignite system works is that students might be required to do three maths courses over years 9 and 10, but they would have a choice of eight.
A keen maths student might choose to do all eight.
A Ministry of Education spokeswoman said the national curriculum was designed with flexibility in mind.
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Several year 9 students and their parents have told the school the new curriculum drew them towards Kuranui.
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NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- Union Drilling (Nasdaq: UDRL) has been downgraded by TheStreet Ratings from hold to sell. The company's weaknesses can be seen in multiple areas, such as its poor profit margins and generally disappointing historical performance in the stock itself. Highlights from the ratings report include:
-- Written by a member of TheStreet Ratings Staff
- The gross profit margin for UNION DRILLING INC is currently lower than what is desirable, coming in at 26.10%. Regardless of UDRL's low profit margin, it has managed to increase from the same period last year. Despite the mixed results of the gross profit margin, UDRL's net profit margin of -3.40% significantly underperformed when compared to the industry average.
- UDRL's stock share price has done very poorly compared to where it was a year ago: Despite any rallies, the net result is that it is down by 53.32%, which is also worse that the performance of the S&P 500 Index. Investors have so far failed to pay much attention to the earnings improvements the company has managed to achieve over the last quarter. Naturally, the overall market trend is bound to be a significant factor. However, in one sense, the stock's sharp decline last year is a positive for future investors, making it cheaper (in proportion to its earnings over the past year) than most other stocks in its industry. But due to other concerns, we feel the stock is still not a good buy right now.
- Current return on equity exceeded its ROE from the same quarter one year prior. This is a clear sign of strength within the company. Compared to other companies in the Energy Equipment & Services industry and the overall market, UNION DRILLING INC's return on equity significantly trails that of both the industry average and the S&P 500.
- Despite currently having a low debt-to-equity ratio of 0.43, it is higher than that of the industry average, inferring that management of debt levels may need to be evaluated further. Regardless of the somewhat mixed results with the debt-to-equity ratio, the company's quick ratio of 1.41 is sturdy.
- UNION DRILLING INC reported significant earnings per share improvement in the most recent quarter compared to the same quarter a year ago. The company has demonstrated a pattern of positive earnings per share growth over the past two years. We feel that this trend should continue. This trend suggests that the performance of the business is improving. During the past fiscal year, UNION DRILLING INC continued to lose money by earning -$0.23 versus -$0.69 in the prior year. This year, the market expects an improvement in earnings (-$0.15 versus -$0.23).
-- Written by a member of TheStreet Ratings Staff


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28 March 2007
Price realised
Jasper Johns (B. 1930)
Samuel Beckett, Fizzles (Foirades), Petersburg Press, New York and London, 1976 (Universal Limited Art Editions 173)
the complete book comprising 33 etchings and aquatints, en- and hors-texte (including two double pages in colours), on Richard de Bas watermarked SB and Jasper Johns, with title, text in English and French and justification, signed by the author and the artist on the justification, copy 82 of 250 (there were also thirty artist's proofs), with full margins, bound (as issued), with the usual occasional pale offsetting, otherwise in very good, fresh condition, original interleaving tissues, within the original linen-covered box with lithographic liner in colours and purple silk tassel, in very good condition (book)
345 x 265 mm. (overall)
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Special Notice
No VAT will be charged on the hammer price, but VAT at 15% will be added to the buyer's premium which is invoiced on a VAT inclusive basis.
Richard Lloyd explains why the Norwegian master's printmaking practice was so influential for a mature Warhol
A 1947 portfolio of engravings that the artist considered so important she returned to them late in life
From woodcuts to lithographs and originals vs editions. Illustrated with works offered in Prints and Multiples, 19-20 April in New York
Build your contemporary collection with accessibly priced works by Gerhard Richter, Dan Flavin, Richard Prince, Andy Warhol, Sam Francis and more
Daniel Moquay, head of the Klein archives in Paris, discusses the French artist's spirituality, his relationship with the colour blue — and his love of judo
Letters, postcards and photographs from the personal archives of Einstein's sister and brother-in-law shed new light on his extraordinary life and complex character


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Most cities or municipalities do not have many regulations regarding dumpster rental as long as you keep the dumpster entirely on your own property during the rental period. If you need to place your container on the street in any way, you will likely have to obtain a permit from the appropriate building permit office in your town. You can check with your local public works department to be sure.
Most Madrid dumpster rental companies will take care of securing this permit for you if you rent from them. Make sure that if you're planning to put the dumpster on the street, the company has made the appropriate arrangements. You should also ensure that you get the permit in a timely manner and at the correct cost. If you thought the dumpster company was getting a permit and they did not, you will be the one who will have to pay the fine that is issued by the authorities.
For the cleanup of any house renovation or building challenge, renting roll off trash containers in Salisbury, MA is essential. Clearly there may be a lot more that you would be able to find out about renting a dumpster, and I was able to find a ton of fabric and solutions But to be trustworthy, unless you rent dumpsters frequently (and when you do, you already know all you might want to) this guide ought to work for you. Most communities have specific tips for correctly removing eWaste, which is why electronics should not be put in building dumpsters. Each measurement dumpster comes with a unique weight limit or in any other case generally known as a dumping allowance (disposal costs are paid by the pound). Generally, the price that you're going to discover on the corporate's website or are quoted by a representative over the cellphone is the price of the dumpster itself, with out the entire extra components added in. This makes it difficult to tell what your closing invoice will be and straightforward to be stunned with charges you weren't conscious you were going to end up paying. Weight limits are set for many dumpsters, and particularly those holding certain kinds of debris (like concrete). The Division's calculation assumes that the WSV (sludge accumulation, quantity of manure, wastewater and clean water collected through the treatment intervals) is equal to 20% of the minimum treatment quantity (MTV). The City of Green Bay has two (2) drop-off websites at each City garage places for used motor oil, waste engine oil, transmission fluid, power steering fluid, hydraulic oil, gear oil and different lubricants. Along with rubbish assortment, the Solid Waste Division removes uncontained waste (bulk trash) from City residential areas on a once per thirty days basis. In case you're looking to rent a dumpster in Huntingdon, one in all your primary issues is going to be price. Keep your TELEVISION set, stereo, kitchen home equipment, switches and electrical retailers in secure condition. For a full bag of plastic, they'll make 10-12 Quetzales($1.50), for aluminum and cardboard they get three quetzales per pound ($0.forty). Usually they lock the dumpsters to maintain individuals from dumping their very own trash inside of it. Since grocery stores pay for their trash service that is really expensive to them. From my analysis, it looks as if dumpster diving is authorized in most elements of the USA. Contact R & R Container Service at present at 770-975-9554, or browse the website for more information about container dimensions or our container services. Renting a bigger dumpster is almost at all times cheaper than renting two little ones. Full container stock: At Cardella Waste, we perceive the significance of your building challenge. Many companies that have specialised in this business mainly offer rental services for the very same, and as such, one has to know the components that influence the provision of this service to be able to be on the secure facet at all times. Our usual prices embody more than a day's rental, but we will do our best to get you a decrease price on your brief term roll off container. We'll solely charge a gasoline charge for Dumpster Rentals in Madrid, NY places which can be over 20 miles from Shrewsbury. Some dumpster companies will work with you to eliminate certain prohibited items by both charging you an additional disposal fee or suggesting the most effective alternative disposal resolution. A 15 yard Dumpster Rentals in Madrid, NY is nice for small projects that have heavy waste like gravel or concrete. Make sure that your yard trash is freed from every other debris that's not yard waste (resembling wood fencing, doors, landscaping timbers, etc.). If your work hours or different every day commitments don't help you bring your container again inside by 9:00 AM, please contact their group supervisor to debate. Earlier than dumpsters are emptied into landfills, most landfill websites have a system of finding out the recyclables to allow them to be salvaged. When Sam's Hauling started offering mini dumpster service in 2001, Littleton, Columbine, and Ken Caryl became our busiest vacation spot. Relying on job website location there may be a fee for supply of the first dumpster. Please pay close consideration to the size of our dumpsters and their capacities. While we would like to get everybody their dumpster early within the day, sometimes it is just not doable. The compacting of Bulk Waste containing refrigerants or different potentially dangerous fluids or gases is prohibited. Picture 10 of these stoves to estimate the amount of quantity 10 cubic yards takes up. Some homeowners associations and even some municipalities prohibit Dumpster Rentals in Madrid, NY.
Do you'll want to perceive the cost of a Dumpster Rentals in Madrid and how one can finances or plan in your subsequent project? Each of those real problems have occurred to me and I bought a new bin, they picked up my uncollected trash and they transferred and reprimanded the employee. Residential clients in Reno and Sparks (however not Washoe County exterior these cities) can take one commonplace pickup of trash to the switch stations at no cost four instances a yr. All Bovill, Deary, Genesee, Juliaetta, Kendrick, Onaway, Potlatch and Rural Latah County households might use the Bulky Waste Sites. No further trash containers or baggage may be set out for bulk assortment throughout this week. Actual sizes of roll-off dumpsters will vary considerably relying on location and the dumpster company. Not too long ago, we surveyed 48 US metro areas and compared Waste Administration's dumpster costs to native dumpster providers We used 20 yard dumpsters as a result of that is the smallest dimension roll off dumpster that WM provides. Statistics NZ publishes maps of the boundaries of the census space items, and these could be cross-referenced to the waste catchment to estimate the population of the catchment. Construction web site dumpsters can be utilized for a lot of projects together with demolition, roofing, new development and more. If you are intending to rent a roll off bin, then you could be uncertain concerning the perfect process. We all accumulate junk, trash and waste - whether it's from parties, remodeling projects or the actions of our day-to-day lives. Feel free to present us a name, our expert Dumpster Rentals in Madrid employees is knowledgable and talks to dwelling house owners and contractors day by day about dumpster rentals. Eliminate debris from different storms based on the regular yard waste schedule. This makes it important for people to rent dumpsters for them to dispose of waste throughout development endeavors. Will determine the present waste practices i.e. whether there's recycling happening or unlawful dumping. Don't place plastic containers with used syringes within the recycling cart or yard waste containers. In case you believe you will have to hold it on the highway for plenty of weeks or months, although, you would possibly have to get a license. Click on right here for a printable, fill-in version of this Business Meals Waste Disposal Ban threshold estimation guide for colleges and universities. Waste is equally defined in EU Directive 2008/ninety eight/EC as any substance or object that the holder discards, intends to discard, or is required to discard seventy one In another sense, waste refers to materials that is discarded with out being resold to different individuals or firms, and it generates assortment, transportation, and disposal costs. Dumpsters 4 Cheap will present you a quote relying on the info you provide so be certain to present useful descriptions whenever you order. In this article, I will simplify the price to rent a dumpster into the 4 factors that affect costs. Contact Waste Administration no less than 24 hours prematurely of your regular assortment day to schedule your objects for pick up at (800) 423-9986. Let your neighbors know you are planning on renting a dumpster, and see if they'd be eager about sharing the dumpster and the price. An area value to rent a dumpster firm in Guntersville might offer better customer providers that aid you end your project whereas preserving costs low. Dumpster rental length for residential clients is 14 days from date of delivery. Merely give us a name and we are going to answer any questions you might have about the Granger Dumpster Rentals in Madrid procedure, allowed supplies, dimension you could want, and so forth. Don't spend any more time there than you'll want to. I typically spend a half hour or an hour in a dumpster with a information station however this definitely increases my run-ins. This can be a significantly useful function if you're getting rid of bulky, heavy objects that would be difficult to raise over the sides of a dumpster. Customer is totally answerable for any damages which will occur to the dumpster whereas on web site. A typical value is round $142.00 minimal with increments of about $sixty five.00 per 1/eighth of the truck taken up. While this is a inexpensive various, it also isn't a service that's obtainable in some communities. So if you reside in an space with relatively larger landfill fees then you can count on the price of dumpster rentals to be larger because of this. Once in a northern suburb of Chicago, I came throughout a supermarket dumpster that was actually crammed to the highest with good food. Our service speaks for itself and so do our reviews We'll always think about your schedule when dropping off or selecting up. We'll put your roll off dumpster wherever you specify. Typically used for two-automobile storage cleanouts, basement renovation, small home or storage siding, and light-weight deck elimination or a considerable amount of transferring debris.
Place gadgets curbside and at least four feet away from some other object, corresponding to your rubbish or yard waste containers, mailboxes, timber, or bushes. If you want to maintain your dumpster beyond this period, a rental payment of $5 per day might be applied. You could be charged fairly a bit extra if you happen to put prohibited gadgets into the dumpster. This puts the full rental payment at $450 for the 10 yarder, when you could possibly've fit all of the concrete debris within the 20 yarder for $50 less. The State of Texas Well being and Security Code requires putresicible (Meals) waste collection at least once per week. There are 6 components that may have an effect on your ultimate value on a Dumpster Rentals in Madrid, NY and right here they're. While you call to schedule the delivery or service of a container, you may be required to designate it as rubbish; development and demolition debris, recycling, or organic material. Similar to meals not from the dumpster you may as well prepare dinner the meals to kill any bacteria. MIXED WASTE means waste composed of both yard trash and family rubbish blended in the identical container when the lesser component includes 10% or extra of the contents by weight or volume. Look for larger gadgets like furnishings or electronic gadgets sitting next to trash cans. Making unhealthy selections within the dumpster is only unhealthy for me, not the earth or the creatures we share the earth with. In an effort to facilitate the automated collection system, containers shall not be positioned within four feet of one other container, mailbox or different obstacle, nor shall the container be positioned in front of or behind a parked car. The rate for getting a rolloff canister will differ based mostly on components like location, waste disposal specifications, waste weight, rental size and the cost of disposing waste in Snohomish. If there is a compliant and functioning weighbridge on the disposal facility, you will need to use it to measure gross tonnage, except you will have approval to make use of an 'common weight per car' method. When loading a big container, the supplies can't be larger than the sides of the container. Should you imagine you will have to maintain it on the highway for quite a few weeks or months, however, you would possibly have to get a license. If you happen to can, consider having a yard sale or donating to your local charities to reduce the amount of stuff you are throwing within the dumpster. Be sure you call Arwood Waste first at 912-882-1095 to get roll off Dumpster Rentals in Madrid, NY costs or for some other development dumpster and waste hauling wants in Savannah, GA. They helped get me out of a jam once I wanted an additional empty dumpster to maintain my undertaking on observe. Maintaining your development site clear and free of debris is sweet for safety, appearances and helps keep up employee morale. Non-motorized leisure automobiles and trailers parked within the front yard should even be parked on a tough floor. Pay specific consideration to the amount of weight included in your value in case you are disposing of heavy development debris like bricks, cement, roofing shingles, or demolition debris. Renting a Get Roll Off Container In Minneapolis can typically be your best option in terms of needing a dependable and protected method of disposing of the massive quantities of debris and trash that may accumulate throughout a development undertaking. For rubbish, recycling & yard waste questions contact Waste Administration at 815-280-7854. All waste supplies set out for collection shall be positioned at curbside no later than 7:00 A.M. on the day of collection. We will place the dumpster within the location of your alternative (driveway, yard, car parking zone, road, etc.) chances are you'll then fill the dumpster at your convenience together with your development, roofing, family, and/or yard debris. Be it a everlasting or momentary dumpster renting service you are after, following these pointers will probably ensure your rubbish is disposed of within the quickest and best way attainable. Please call Waste Administration Buyer Service at 815-280-7854 for pricing options. Simply give us a call and we are going to reply any questions you may have about the Minden Dumpster Rentals in Madrid, NY process, allowed supplies, measurement chances are you'll need, etc. Renting a bit dumpster is a extra convenient different that will forestall making a number of trips to the neighborhood dump.
Please use the form below to contact us. We look forward to working with you and will get back to you as soon as possible. All fields are required


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ManvsMachine push the power of an iMac Pro in new film, Algorithmic Architecture
ManvsMachine has released a new film, Algorithmic Architecture, as part of a new campaign by Apple to showcase how its iMac Pro can be pushed to creative limits, and in ManvsMachine's case, new heights.
Released as part of a campaign with six other artists — animation studio Buck, Erin Sarofsky, Esteban Diácono, Luigi Honorat and Michelle Dougherty — MvsM's film uses architecture as a visual aid to showcase the iMac Pro's creative possibilities. "Since the dawn of time, mankind has used whatever tools they have to portray power through architecture," the motion graphics studio tells It's Nice That. "It seemed like a natural fit to us to use our most up-to-date tool, the iMac Pro, to create a new genre of ever-evolving architecture that pushed the notion of power to a colossal scale." The short is kaleidoscopic in its approach to portraying the powerful capacity of architecture, as buildings tower on top of and attach to one another.
The campaign fits in with MvsM's aesthetic output, utilising motion graphics to represent recognisable qualities but rendered into warping and satisfying visuals. "The process was pretty organic and inline with our usual way of working at ManvsMachine," creative director Adam Rowe explains. "We very much believe in design by doing, and this was the perfect development project for the team to flex their R&D muscles."
The focus on architecture was decided very early on during the project, as MvsM "knew that we wanted the narrative to take us from close and intimate, and almost real world, right through to a civilisation that looked unlike anything you would see in the real world," Adam explains. "Other than that, it was completely open to the team as to how the forms were driven and structured, and that's where all of the fun was had."
The result is a short which uses "a base algorithmic structure that served as a blueprint for each form and movement in the film," MvsM explain. "The CGI architectural structures were covered in high-resolution photographic textures and embellished using a custom-designed system that controls the foliage, architectural details and other nuances. The result is a monolithic structure of massive scale and incredible detail."
- National Geographic's creative director Emmet Smith on the publication's redesign
- Leon Mark's refined and infinitely stylish photography
- Sophie Harris-Taylor shares anecdotes and insights from her photo series, Sisters
- Designer Anatole Couteau's technical approach lets him communicate simply and precisely
- A peek inside Hicham Amrani's trippy new comic Svend & Xanax
- Friday Mixtape: The Orielles mix for "good times with good people"
- Pentagram rebrands Battersea dogs and cats home to visualise "personality over sentiment"
- Craig Oldham dishes out brutally honest advice to new graphic designers
- ManvsMachine create its most ambitious campaign for Air Max Day yet
- V&A announces shortlist for its Illustration Awards 2018
- Ten examples of rare letterings, from 19th-century alphabets to preliminary drawings of Futura
- Bad week for art world as Jeff Koons piece is smashed and imitation Happy Meal thrown away


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- 4 beds
- 2 baths
- $95,000 price
- 807961 mls id
- Square Feet: 1,664 sqft
- Year Built: 2000
- Lot Size: 1.25 acres
- Status: Active
LOOKING FOR A HOME ON ACREAGE WITH A SHOP?? Here is split-plan 4 bedroom, 2 bath on wooded lot, includes 30 X 20 metal building/shop PLUS a separate large 2-car carport, wood decks front and rear, storm shelter, and nice landscaped yard with plenty of trees. Inside features large open kitchen (with Island!) and large Dining area. Big Living Room has wood-burning rock fireplace. ~Big Master Suite and Bath.~ Three additional bedrooms are good-sized, each with walk-in closets. Nearly new Heat & Air and Hot Water tank. **ALL APPLIANCES INCLUDED (fridge, washer, dryer just 3 yrs old)** Paved roads, a short drive to great schools, dining, and shopping nearby.
- Site Link
- Property SubType Single Family Detached
Listing Agent: Don Neill
Courtesy of: Metro First Realty Group
Office Phone: 405-703-1333
Updated: 19th April, 2018 3:48 PM.
103 W Oak Hill Mc Loud, OK


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Donovan Mitchell weighs his options going into the Slam Dunk Contest and his reactions immediately afterward.
"Westworld" actor discusses Season 2 of the hit HBO show including hints about his new character.
Castmates discuss their horror thriller 'Truth or Dare' and the filming of their love scene together.
Johnny Galecki, Kaley Cuoco, Kunal Nayyar, and Chuck Lorre reveal what they geek out over at PaleyFest.
Irish boy band Boyzone came in second place with Better, which was accompanied by a video featuring a gay couple, while Gaga's equality anthem Born This Way was third.
Standing In The Way Of Control by Gossip and Katy Perry's Firework rounded out the top five.
Christina Aguilera was thrilled with the poll results, insisting, "I'm delighted to have been voted the most inspirational pop act by Stonewall's supporters - my gay fan base is so important to me and this continues my special relationship with them."


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Life Book 2013 The Tam Edition - Willowing Arts
Life Book 2013 The Tam Edition is now on Sale! Join 11 in-depth mixed media art lessons by Tam from Life Book 2013! Themed around self-development and healing, Life Book 2013 The Tam Edition is a celebration and honouring of 'self'. In 11 in-depth lessons you will learn a wide variety of mixed media techniques, creating loose mixed media art journal pages which you will then bind into a glorious journal (a Life Book)! Each lesson is approx 2-3 hours long. We hope you'll come and join! :-) The lessons are taken from Life Book 2013; Life Book 2013 was a 12 month course where Tam and 21 other art teachers shared their mixed media techniques, tips and tricks. Life Book 2013 has now finished but Tam's lessons from Life Book 2013 have been put together for you here in this stand alone course Life Book 2013 The Tam Edition! - Packed with techniques, hints, tips and personal development exercises, this course is sure to enrich your knowledge, skill and life! :) Here is a gallery of some of the projects we do on this course, hope you'll join!
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ago556 days ago
SPECIAL OFFER, WHITE, Service History, 20,000 Miles, 1 Keeper, * REDUCED FROM £17000 ** COMING SOON... COMING SOON LONG MANUFACTURERS WARRANTY SOLD WITH THIS VEHICLE JANUARY 2018 Single Cab, Tipper, Central Locking, Remote Central Locking, ABS, Power Steering, Drivers Airbag, Passenger Airbag, Dual Passenger Seats, Cloth Interior, Head Rests, Side Loader, Tipper, Beacon, Tow Bar, Manufacturers Alarm and Immobiliser. Service History. Serviced and maintained in our garages using genuine Ford Parts. Sold with remainders of manufacturers warranty January 2018. For further information telephone Andrew Wright on 08000 46 78 78. FINANCE AVAILABLE QUOTATIONS / WRITTEN DETAILS ON REQUEST SUBJECT TO STATUS. (BL64ENO) Photographs coming soon, mileage to be confirmed.ABS, Central Locking, Remote Central Locking, Power Steering
ago430 days ago
Nimber is a community delivery service that matches items being sent with travellers going the same way. You post what you'd like to buy, and we notify bringers who travel that route. When someone can help they will make you an offer.
Once you receive an offer, arrange pickup and delivery times with the bringer, accept the offer and wait for your items to arrive at your door.Your card is never charged until your item has been successfully delivered, and there is no cost for posting a request.


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Prince to play two exclusive Manchester gigs
The legendary singer will perform two nights in the city.
The legendary singer will perform two nights in the city.
Had to bring this old pic back out as "His Royal" is in town! #princewatch http://t.co/Pex0jHbE0n
Rockin somethin funky on my nails, ready for tomorrow night. YES! #princewatch http://t.co/657uiDNxk6
A housing trust threatened to take a 90-year-old woman with dementia to court over a dispute about 'two-and-a-half feet' of land.
Isolated downpours possible from afternoon. Many places will escape
The Beatles original drummer, Pete Best, is taking to the stage in a play about the Fab Four.


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