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Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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Korean Chemical Society
Editor in Chief :
Byeong Moon Kim
Volume & Issues
Volume 33, Issue 12 - Dec 2012
Volume 33, Issue 11 - Nov 2012
Volume 33, Issue 10 - Oct 2012
Volume 33, Issue 9 - Sep 2012
Volume 33, Issue 8 - Aug 2012
Volume 33, Issue 7 - Jul 2012
Volume 33, Issue 6 - Jun 2012
Volume 33, Issue 5 - May 2012
Volume 33, Issue 4 - Apr 2012
Volume 33, Issue 3 - Mar 2012
Volume 33, Issue 2 - Feb 2012
Volume 33, Issue 1 - Jan 2012
Selecting the target year
Catalyzed Aza-Michael Addition of N-Heterocycles to Enones under Solvent Free Conditions
Choi Lee, Ihl Young ; Lee, Kyu Cheol ; Lee, Hyo Won ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3535~3536
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3535
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Addition of 1,3-Cyclohexanedione to β,γ-Unsaturated α-Keto Esters
Lee, Hyun Joo ; Kim, Dae Young ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3537~3538
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3537
Kinetics and Mechanistic Chemistry of Oxidation of Butacaine Sulfate by Chloramine-B in Acid Medium
Shubha, Jayachamarajapura Pranesh ; Kotabagi, Vinutha ; Puttaswamy, Puttaswamy ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3539~3543
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3539
Butacaine sulfate is an ester of p-aminobenzoic acid which has been widely used as a local anaesthetic and it is a long standing agent particularly for spinal anaesthesia. For this reason, a kinetic study of oxidation of butacaine sulfate by sodium N-chlorobenzenesulfonamide (chloramine-B or CAB) has been carried out in
medium at 303 K in order to explore this redox system mechanistic chemistry. The rate shows a first-order dependence on both
, and
, and a fractional-order dependence on acid concentration. Decrease of dielectric constant of the medium, by adding methanol, increases the rate of the reaction. Variation of ionic strength and addition of benzenesulfonamide or NaCl have no significant effect on the rate. The reaction was studied at different temperatures and the activation parameters have been evaluated. The stoichiometry of the reaction has been found to be 1:2 and the oxidation products have been identified by spectral analysis. The observed results have been explained by plausible mechanism and the related rate law has been deduced.
Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies of Oxidation of an Antiallergic Drug with Bromamine-T in Acid and Alkaline Media
Puttaswamy, Puttaswamy ; Sukhdev, Anu ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3544~3550
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3544
Cetrizine dihydrochloride (CTZH) is widely used as an anti-allergic drug. Sodium N-bromo-p-toluenesulfonamide or bromamine-T (BAT) is the bromine analogue of chloramine-T (CAT) and is found to be a better oxidizing agent than CAT. In the present research, the kinetics of oxidation of CTZH with BAT in acid and alkaline media was studied at 313 K. The experimental rate laws obtained are: -d[BAT]/dt=
in acid medium and -d[BAT]/dt=
in alkaline medium where PTS is p-toluenesulfonamide. Activation parameters and reaction constants were evaluated. The solvent isotope effect was studied using
. The dielectric effect is positive. The stoichiometry of the reaction was found to be 1:1 and the oxidation products were identified as 4-chlorobenzophenone and (2-piperazin-1-yl-ethoxy)-acetic acid in both media. The rate of oxidation of CTZH is faster in acid medium. Suitable mechanisms and related rate laws have been worked out.
Silica Sulfuric Acid/HNO
as a Novel Heterogeneous System for the Nitrolysis of DADN to HMX under Mild Conditions
Bayat, Yadollah ; Mostafavi, Mohammad Mahdi Ahari ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3551~3553
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3551
1,5-Diacetyl-3,7-dinitro-l,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (DADN) is a key intermediate in the preparation of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), one of the most powerful high-melting explosives. The present investigation focuses on nitrolysis of DADN to HMX by developing a new nitrolysis process involving the use of nitric acid catalyzed by Silica Sulfuric Acid (SSA). In order to optimize the process parameters for synthesis of HMX to obtain higher yield and purity, a study was carried out with variation of some parametric conditions like time, mole ratio of SSA and nitric. This method gave us green and mild conditions for nitration reaction.
Total Synthesis of Azasugar 1,4-Dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-galacitol
Sadhu, Partha Sarathi ; Santhoshi, Amlipur ; Rao, Vaidya Jayathirtha ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3554~3558
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3554
A new highly stereoselective synthesis of pyrrolidine azasugar 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-galacitol is being reported herein. The synthesis was achieved in a linear sequence and inexpensive chiral source (+)-diethyl tartarate was used as the starting material. The key step involved during the synthesis was Pd catalysed amino cyclization of alkenylamine, Bose modified Mitsunobu reaction and Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation.
Efficient Synthesis of β-Acetamido Ketones by Silver(I) Triflate-Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions
Pandit, Rameshwar Prasad ; Lee, Yong Rok ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3559~3564
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3559
An efficient one-pot synthesis of
-acetamido ketones was accomplished by AgOTf-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of substituted acetophenones with aromatic aldehydes and acid chloride in acetonitrile in high yields. The methods offer several significant advantages of easy handling, mild reaction conditions, and use of effective and non-toxic catalyst.
Synthesis of Cyclic Antifreeze Glycopeptide and Glycopeptoids and Their Ice Recrystallization Inhibition Activity
Ahn, Mija ; Murugan, Ravichandran N. ; Shin, Song Yub ; Kim, Eunjung ; Lee, Jun Hyuck ; Kim, Hak Jun ; Bang, Jeong Kyu ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3565~3570
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3565
Until now, few groups reported the antifreeze activity of cyclic glycopeptides; however, the tedious synthetic procedure is not amenable to study the intensive structure activity relationship. A series of N-linked cyclic glycopeptoids and glycopeptide have been prepared to evaluate antifreeze activity as a function of peptide backbone cyclization and methyl stereochemical effect on the rigid Thr position. This study has combined the cyclization protocol with solid phase peptide synthesis and obtained significant quantities of homogeneous cyclic glycopeptide and glycopeptoids. Analysis of antifreeze activity revealed that our cyclic peptide demonstrated RI activity while cyclic glycopeptoids showed no RI activity. These results suggest that the subtle changes in conformation and Thr orientation dramatically influence RI activity of N-linked glycopeptoids.
New Safrole Oxide Derivatives: Synthesis and in vitro Antiproliferative Activities on A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells
Wang, Li-Ying ; Wang, Xiu-Hua ; Tan, Jia-Lian ; Xia, Shuai ; Sun, Heng-Zhi ; Shi, Jin-Wen ; Jiang, Ming-Dong ; Fang, Liang ; Zuo, Hua ; Dupati, Gautam ; Jang, Kiwan ; Shin, Dong-Soo ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3571~3575
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3571
A number of novel small molecules, safrole oxide derivatives 4a-c, 6a-c, 9a-h, were synthesized by the reaction of safrole oxide with anilines 3 and 5, or its alkyl allyl ether derivative 7 with alkyl bromide 8 in moderate yields. The antiproliferative effects of all the target molecules on A549 cell growth were investigated and it was found that the 14 novel compounds could suppress A549 lung cancer cell growth. Among them, compound 6b was the most effective compound in inhibiting the proliferation of A549 cells.
Influence of SiO
Capping and Annealing on the Luminescence Properties of Larva-Like GaS Nanostructures
Kim, Hyunsu ; Jin, Changhyun ; Park, Sunghoon ; Lee, Chongmu ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3576~3580
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3576
Larva-like GaS nanostructures synthesized by the thermal evaporation of Ga metals and S powders were coated with
by the sputtering technique. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the cores and shells of the GaS-core/
-shell larva-like nanostructures were single crystal wurtzite-type hexagonal structured-GaS and amorphous
, respectively. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements at room temperature showed that the passivation of the larva-like GaS nanostructures was successfully achieved with
without nearly harming the major emission from the wires. However, subsequent thermal annealing treatment was found to be undesirable owing to the degradation of their emission in intensity.
Spectral, Electrochemical, Fluorescence, Kinetic and Anti-microbial Studies of Acyclic Schiff-base Gadolinium(III) Complexes
Vijayaraj, A. ; Prabu, R. ; Suresh, R. ; Kumari, R. Sangeetha ; Kaviyarasan, V. ; Narayanan, V. ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3581~3588
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3581
A new series of acyclic mononuclear gadolinium(III) complexes have been prepared by Schiff-base condensation derived from 5-methylsalicylaldehyde, diethylenetriamine, tris(2-aminoethyl) amine, triethylenetetramine, N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)ethylene diamine, N,N-bis(aminopropyl) piperazine, and gadolinium nitrate. All the complexes were characterized by elemental and spectral analyses. Electronic spectra of the complexes show azomethine (CH=N) within the range of 410-420 nm. The fluorescence efficiency of Gd(III) ion in the cavity was completely quenched by the higher chain length ligands. Electrochemical studies of the complexes show irreversible one electron reduction process around -2.15 to -1.60 V The reduction potential of gadolinium(III) complexes shifts towards anodic directions respectively upon increasing the chain length. The catalytic activity of the gadolinium(III) complexes on the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenylphosphate was determined. All gadolinium(III) complexes were screened for antibacterial activity.
Development of Carbon Composite Bipolar Plates for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Lee, Nam Jin ; Lee, Seung-Wook ; Kim, Ki Jae ; Kim, Jae-Hun ; Park, Min-Sik ; Jeong, Goojin ; Kim, Young-Jun ; Byun, Dongjin ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3589~3592
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3589
Carbon composite bipolar plates with various carbon black contents were prepared by a compression molding method. The electrical conductivity and electrochemical stability of the bipolar plates have been evaluated. It is found that the electrical conductivity increases with increasing carbon black contents up to 15 wt %. When the carbon black contents are greater than 15 wt %, the electrical conductivity decreases because of a poor compatibility between epoxy resin and carbon black, and a weakening of compaction in the carbon composite bipolar plate. Based on the results, it could be concluded that there are optimum carbon black contents when preparing the carbon composite bipolar plate. Corrosion tests show that the carbon composite bipolar plate with 15 wt % carbon black exhibits better electrochemical stability than a graphite bipolar plate under a highly acidic condition. When the optimized carbon composite bipolar plate is applied to vanadium redox flow cells, the performance of flow cells with the carbon composite bipolar plate is comparable to that of flow cells with the graphite bipolar plate.
Quenching of Water Soluble Conjugated Polymer by Electrostatic Interaction
Jin, Youngeup ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3593~3596
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3593
The water-soluble conjugated polymer with fluorescence quenching as a result of electrostatic interaction and aggregation was synthesized through Suzuki polymerization. The absorption and emission of anionic polymer (a-PFP) is blue shifted as compared with cationic polymer (c-PFP) although getting same backbone, and the absolute PL quantum efficiency of a-PFP in water is over 90% due to good solubility in aqueous solution. We anticipate that the fluorescence quenching of anionic and cationic polymers, with same conjugated backbone, could be shown in aqueous solution.
Potential of Mean Force Simulation by Pulling a DNA Aptamer in Complex with Thrombin
Yang, Changwon ; Kim, Eunae ; Pak, Youngshang ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3597~3600
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3597
Thrombin binding aptamter (TBA-15) is a 15-mer guanine-rich oligonucleotide. This DNA apamer specifically binds to the thrombin protein involved in blood coagulation. Using extensive umbrella sampling molecular dynamics simulation method at all atom level, we investigated the potential of mean force (PMF) upon pulling the DNA aptamer from the binding mode of aptamer/thrombin complex. From this calculation, the free energy cost for a full dissociation of this aptamer/protein complex is 17 kcal/mol, indicating a substantial binding affinity of TBA-15. Interestingly, this PMF reveals noticeable plateau regions along the pulling coordinate. Possible structural changes of this complex in the plateau were investigated in details.
Solvation of a Small Metal-Binding Peptide in Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids
Shim, Youngseon ; Kim, Hyung J. ; Jung, YounJoon ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3601~3606
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3601
Structural properties of a small hexapeptide molecule modeled after metal-binding siderochrome immersed in a room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) are studied via molecular dynamics simulations. We consider two different RTILs, each of which is made up of the same cationic species, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (
), but different anions, hexafluorophosphate (
) and chloride (
). We investigate how anionic properties such as hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity or hydrogen bonding capability affect the stabilization of the peptide in RTILs. To examine the effect of peptide-RTIL electrostatic interactions on solvation, we also consider a hypothetical solvent
, a non-ionic counter-part of
. For reference, we investigate solvation structures in common polar solvents, water and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Comparison of
shows that electrostatic interactions of the peptide and RTIL play a significant role in the conformational fluctuation of the peptide. For example, strong electrostatic interactions between the two favor an extended conformation of the peptide by reducing its structural fluctuations. The hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of RTIL anions also exerts a notable influence; specifically, structural fluctuations of the peptide become reduced in more hydrophilic
, compared with those in more hydrophobic
. This is ascribed to the good hydrogen-bond accepting power of chloride anions, which enables them to bind strongly to hydroxyl groups of the peptide and to stabilize its structure. Transport properties of the peptide are examined briefly. Translations of the peptide significantly slow down in highly viscous RTILs.
DFT/B3LYP Study of the Substituent Effects on the Reaction Enthalpies of the Antioxidant Mechanisms of Magnolol Derivatives in the Gas-Phase and Water
Najafi, Meysam ; Najafi, Mohammad ; Najafi, Houshang ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3607~3617
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3607
In this paper, the study of various ortho- and meta-substituted Magnolol derivatives is presented. The reaction enthalpies related to three antioxidant action mechanisms HAT, SET-PT and SPLET for substituted Magnolols have been calculated using DFT/B3LYP method in gas-phase and water. Calculated results show that electron-withdrawing substituents increase the bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), ionization potential (IP) and oxidation/reduction enthalpy (O/RE), while electron-donating ones cause a rise in the proton dissociation enthalpy (PDE) and proton affinity (PA). In ortho- position, substituents show larger effect on reaction enthalpies than in meta-position. In comparison to gas-phase, water attenuates the substituent effect on all reaction enthalpies. In gas-phase, BDEs are lower than PAs and IPs, i.e. HAT represents the thermodynamically preferred pathway. On the other hand, SPLET mechanism represents the thermodynamically favored process in water. Results show that calculated enthalpies can be successfully correlated with Hammett constants (
) of the substituted Magnolols. Furthermore, calculated IP and PA values for substituted Magnolols show linear dependence on the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (
Photodissocaition Dynamics of Propiolic Acid at 212 nm: The OH Production Channel
Shin, Myeong Suk ; Lee, Ji Hye ; Hwang, Hyonseok ; Kwon, Chan Ho ; Kim, Hong Lae ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3618~3624
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3618
Photodissociation dynamics of propiolic acid (
) at 212 nm in the gas phase was investigated by measuring rotationally resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectra of OH (
) radicals exclusively produced in the ground electronic state. From the spectra, internal energies of OH and total translational energy of products were determined. The electronic transition at 212 nm responsible for OH dissociation was assigned as the
transition by time-dependent density functional theory calculations. Potential energy surfaces of both the ground and electronically excited states were obtained employing quantum chemical calculations. It was suggested that the dissociation of OH from propiolic acid excited at 212 nm should take place along the
potential energy surfaces after internal conversion and/or intersystem crossing from the initially populated
state based upon the potential energy calculations and model calculations for energy partitioning of the available energy among products.
Selective Fe
Ion Recognition Using a Fluorescent Pyridinyl-benzoimidazole-derived Ionophore
Lee, Jeong Ah ; Eom, Geun Hee ; Park, Hyun Min ; Lee, Ju Hoon ; Song, Hyesun ; Hong, Chang Seop ; Yoon, Sungho ; Kim, Cheal ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3625~3628
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3625
Fluorescent organic molecules that respond to changes in the
concentration with selectivity to other abundant di-valent metal ions will offer the ability to understand the dynamic fluctuations of the
ion in interesting media. The use of 6-Br-ppmbi, derived from 2-pyridin-2-yl-benzimidazole, for metal ion-selective fluorescence recognition was investigated. Screening of the main group and transition metal ions showed exclusive selectivity for
ions even in the presence of competing metal ions. In addition, the requirement for low concentrations of probe molecules to detect certain amounts of
ions make this sensor unique compared to previously reported
ion sensors.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of New 4-(Pyridin-4-yl)-(3-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrazoles Derivatives as ROS Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Park, Byung Sun ; El-Deeb, Ibrahim M. ; Yoo, Kyung Ho ; Han, Dong Keun ; Tae, Jin Sung ; Lee, So Ha ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3629~3634
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3629
A series of new 4-(pyridin-4-yl)-(3-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrazoles (6a-k & 7a-l) has been rationally designed based on the structure of the lead compound KIST301080, a selective ROS receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in order to study the activity of ROS of this new class of inhibitors. The compounds were synthesized and screened against ROS kinase, where compound 6h showed moderate inhibitory activity with an
value of
. The study emphasized the importance of the acetonitrile group at the pyrazole ring and also the importance of having a hydrogen bond donor on the distal phenyl ring linked to the pyridine moiety.
Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of New Aminoisoquinolinylurea Derivatives against Melanoma Cell Line
Cho, Hye Jung ; El-Gamal, Mohammed I. ; Oh, Chang-Hyun ; Lee, So Ha ; Kim, Garam ; Hong, Jun Hee ; Choi, Hong Seok ; Yoo, Kyung Ho ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3635~3639
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3635
A series of new diarylureas possessing aminoisoquinoline scaffold was synthesized, and their in vitro antiproliferative activity against A375P human melanoma cell line was tested. Compounds 1d, 1l, 1n, 1p, 1q, and 1t showed superior potency against A375P to Sorafenib. The highest potency was shown by compound 1p possessing 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl terminal ring with
value of
The First Report on Chemoselective Biguanide-Catalyzed Henry Reaction under Neat Conditions
Alizadeh, Abdolhamid ; Khodaei, Mohammad M. ; Abdi, Gisya ; Kordestani, Davood ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3640~3644
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3640
An efficient synthetic method for direct Henry reaction catalyzed by a biguanide; namely metformin, as an organosuper-base, between a variety of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and nitromethane under neat conditions has been developed. Convenient procedure for removal of the catalyst, chemoselective acquiring of
-nitroalcohols as predominant products, as far as possible short reaction time with excellent conversions are advantages of the developed protocol.
Blue Emitting Cationic Iridium Complexes Containing Two Substituted 2-Phenylpyridine and One 2,2'-Biimidazole for Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)
Yun, Seong-Jae ; Seo, Hoe-Joo ; Song, Myungkwan ; Jin, Sung-Ho ; Kim, Young Inn ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3645~3650
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3645
Two new blue emitting cationic iridium(III) complexes with two substituted 2-phenlypyridine ligands as main ligands and one 2,2'-biimidazole as an ancillary ligand,
(1) and
(2), where L1 = 2-(2',4'-difluorophenyl)-4-methylpyridine, L2 = 2-(2',4'-difluoro-3'-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-methylpyridine and biim = 2,2'-biimidazole, were synthesized for applications in phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). Their photophysical, electrochemical and electroluminescent (EL) device performances were examined. The photoluminescent (PL) spectra revealed blue phosphorescence in the 450 to 485 nm range with a quantum yield of more than 10%. The iridium(III) compounds studied showed good solubility in organic solvents with no solvatochromism dependent on the solvent polarity. The solution-processed OLEDs were prepared with the configuration, ITO/PEDOT:PSS (40 nm)/mCP:Ir(III) (70 nm)/OXD-7 (20 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (100 nm), by spin coating the emitting layer containing the mCP host doped with the iridium phosphors. The best performance of the fabricated OLEDs based on compound 1 showed an external quantum efficiency of 4.5%, luminance efficiency of 8.52 cd
and blue emission with the CIE coordinates (x,y) of (0.16, 0.33).
Comparison of Chemical Compositions of Size-segregated Atmospheric Aerosols between Asian Dust and Non-Asian Dust Periods at Background Area of Korea
Kim, Won-Hyung ; Song, Jung-Min ; Ko, Hee-Jung ; Kim, Jin Seog ; Lee, Joung Hae ; Kang, Chang-Hee ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3651~3656
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3651
The size-segregated atmospheric aerosols have been collected at 1100 m site of Mt. Halla in Jeju, a background area in Korea, using 8-stage cascade impact air sampler during Asian dust and non-Asian dust storm periods. Their ionic and elemental species were analyzed, in order to examine the pollution characteristics and composition change between Asian dust and non-Asian dust periods. The major ionic species such as nss-
, and
were predominantly distributed in the fine particles (below
diameter), and besides the
was distributed more in coarse particle fraction than fine particle. On the other hand, the typical soil and marine species i.e., nss-
, and
, were mostly existed in the coarse particles (over
diameter). As well in the elemental analysis of aerosols, the major soil-originated Al, Fe, Ca, and others showed prominently high concentrations in the coarse particle fraction, whereas the anthropogenic S and Pb were relatively high in the fine particle fraction. From the comparison of aerosol compositions between Asian dust and non-Asian dust periods, the concentrations of the soil-originated species such as nss-
, Al, Ca, Fe, Ti, Mn, Ba, Sr have increased as 2.7-4.2 times during the Asian dust periods. Meanwhile the concentrations of nss-
have increased as 1.4 and 2.0 times, and on the contrary
concentrations have a little bit decreased during the Asian dust periods. Especially the concentrations of both soil-originated ionic and elemental species increased noticeably in the coarse particle mode during the dust storm periods.
Rate and Product Studies of 1-Adamantylmethyl Haloformates Under Solvolytic Conditions
Park, Kyoung-Ho ; Lee, Yelin ; Lee, Yong-Woo ; Kyong, Jin Burm ; Kevill, Dennis N. ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3657~3664
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3657
Reactions of 1-adamantylmethyl chloroformate (
, 1) and 1-adamantylmethyl fluoroformate (
, 2) in hydroxylic solvents have been studied. Application of the extended Grunwald-Winstein (G-W) equation to solvolyses of 1 in a variety of pure and binary solvents indicates an addition-elimination pathway in the majority of the solvents except an ionization pathway in the solvents of relatively low nucleophilcity and high ionizing power. The solvolyses of 2 show an addition-elimination pathway in all of the mixed solvents. The leaving group effects (
), the kinetic solvent isotope effects (KSIEs,
), and the enthalpy and entropy of activation for the solvolyses of 1 and 2 were also calculated. The selectivity values (S) for each solvent composition are reported and discussed. These observations are compared with those previously reported for other alkyl haloformate esters.
Preparation of Metal-p-aminobenzyl-DOTA Complex Using Magnetic Particles for Bio-tagging in Laser Ablation ICP-MS
Yoon, S.Y. ; Lim, H.B. ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3665~3670
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3665
-Bn-DOTA (paraammionobenzyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid: ABDOTA) complex was synthesized and purified for bio-tagging to quantify biological target materials using laser ablation (LA)-ICP-MS. Since the preparation of a pure and stable tagging complex is the key procedure for quantification, magnetic particles were used to purify the synthesized metal-ABDOTA complex. The magnetic particles immobilized with the complex attracted to a permanent magnet, resulting in fast separation from free un-reacted metal ions in solution. Gd ions formed the metal-complex with a higher yield of 64.3% (
relative standard deviation (RSD)) than Y ions, 52.3% (
RSD), in the pH range 4-7. The complex bound to the magnetic particles was released by treatment with a strong base, of which the recovery was 81.7%. As a reference, a solid phase extraction (SPE) column packed with Chelex-100 resin was employed for separation under similar conditions and produced comparable results. The tagging technique complemented polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microarray chip sampling in LA-ICP-MS, allowing determination of small sample volumes at high throughputs. For application, immunoglobulin G (IgG) was immobilized on the pillars of PDMS microarray chips and then tagged with the prepared Gd complex. IgG could then be determined through measurement of Gd by LA-ICP-MS. A detection limit of 1.61 ng/mL (
RSD) for Gd was obtained.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Oleanolic Acid-Conjugated Lactoferrin for β-Amyloid Plaque Imaging
Kim, Sung-Min ; Kim, Dongkyu ; Chae, Min Kyung ; Jeong, Il-Ha ; Cho, Jee-Hyun ; Choi, Naeun ; Lee, Kyo Chul ; Lee, Chulhyun ; Ryu, Eun Kyoung ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3671~3675
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3671
-Amyloid accumulation in the brain is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since early detection of
-amyloid may facilitate more successful and timely therapeutic interventions, many investigators have focused on developing AD diagnostic reagents that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Oleanolic acid (OA) is a substance found in a variety of plants that has been reported to prevent the progression of AD in mice. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated a new radioligand in which OA was conjugated to lactoferrin (Lf, an iron-binding glycoprotein that crosses the BBB) for the diagnosis of AD. In an in vitro study in which OA-Lf was incubated with
-amyloid (1-42) aggregates for 24 h, we found that OA-Lf effectively inhibited
-amyloid aggregation and fibril formation. In vivo studies demonstrated that
-OA-Lf brain uptake was higher than
-Lf uptake. Therefore, radiolabeled OA-Lf may have diagnostic potential for
-amyloid imaging.
Combination of Epstein-Barr Virus-Based Plasmid and Nonviral Polymeric Vectors for Enhanced and Prolonged Gene Expression
Choi, Hye ; Park, Key Sun ; Bae, Seon Joo ; Song, Su Jeong ; Kim, Kyoon Eon ; Park, Jong-Sang ; Choi, Joon Sig ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3676~3680
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3676
An Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-based plasmid contains the EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) gene and EBV replication origin (oriP) sequence. Since EBNA1 (the only EBV-encoded protein) is combined with oriP, it is replicated simultaneously with chromosomal DNA in human, primate, and canine cells and is faithfully segregated at a stable copy number upon cell division. Consequently, it can be used to stably express gene inserts over a prolonged time in target cells. We have previously shown that the polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer can be surface-modified with L-arginine. Arginine is present at a high frequency in the transactivator of transcription (Tat) sequences of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It presents high membrane permeability and permits effective transfer of DNA inside the cells. In this study, we constructed two kinds of recombinant DNA by inserting the luciferase gene and enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) gene as reporter genes into the pCEP4 plasmid vector. We measured dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential after preparing PAMAM-based cationic polymer/EBV-based plasmid complexes. We performed transfection of HEK 293 cell lines with the polyplexes, and monitored luciferase activity and green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression. Our results show that PAMAM-based cationic polymer/EBV plasmid complexes provide enhanced and sustained gene expression.
Avidin Induced Silver Aggregation for SERS-based Bioassay
Sa, Youngjo ; Chen, Lei ; Jung, Young Mee ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3681~3685
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3681
We developed a simple and effective method for the SERS-based detection of protein-small molecule complexes and label-free proteins using avidin-induced silver aggregation. Upon excitation with light of the appropriate wavelength (633 and 532 nm), the aggregated silver nanoparticles generate a strong electric field that couples with the resonance of the molecules (atto610 and cytochrome c), increasing the characteristic signals of these molecules and resulting in sensitive detection. The detection limit of biotin with the proposed method is as low as 48 ng/mL. The most important aspect of this method is the induction of silver aggregation by a protein (avidin), which makes the silver more biocompatible. This technique is very useful for the detection of protein-small molecule complexes.
Photochemical Degradation of Dimethyl Phthalate by Fe(III)/tartrate/H
Feng, Xianghua ; Ding, Shimin ; Xie, Faping ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3686~3690
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3686
Photochemical degradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) in Fe(III)/tartrate/
system was investigated utilizing fluorescent lamps as the primary light source. Effects of initial pH, light source, and initial concentration of each reactant on DMP photodegradation was examined. The results show that the system was able to effectively photodegrade DMP utilizing visible light. Fluorescent lamp, halide lamp, UV lamp and sunlight could all be used as the light sources. The optimal pH ranged among 3.0-4.0 for the system. Increases of the initial concentrations of Fe(III) and
accelerated the photodegradation of DMP, whereas excessively high initial tartrate concentration resulted in the decrease of photodegradation efficiency and rate of DMP.
Photocatalytic Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium Induced by Photolysis of Ferric/tartrate Complex
Feng, Xianghua ; Ding, Shimin ; Zhang, Lixian ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3691~3695
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3691
Photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in ferric-tartrate system under irradiation of visible light was investigated. Effects of light resources, initial pH value and initial concentration of various reactants on Cr(VI) photocatalytic reduction were studied. Photoreaction kinetics was discussed and a possible photochemical pathway was proposed. The results indicate that Fe(III)-tartrate system is able to rapidly and effectively photocatalytically reduce Cr(VI) utilizing visible light. Initial pH variations resulte in the concentration changes of Fe(III)-tartrate complex in this system, and pH at 3.0 is optimal for Cr(VI) photocatalytic reduction. Efficiency of Cr(VI) photocatalytic reduction increases with increasing initial concentrations of Cr(VI), Fe(III) and tartrate. Kinetics analysis indicates that initial Fe(III) concentration affects Cr(VI) photoreduction most significantly.
Teaching a Known Molecule New Tricks: Optical Cyanide Recognition by 2-[(9-Ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methylene]propanedinitrile in Aqueous Solution
Tang, Lijun ; Zhao, Guoyou ; Wang, Nannan ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3696~3700
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3696
The colorimetric and fluorescent cyanide recognition properties of 2-[(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methylene]-propanedinitrile (1) in
(2/1, v/v, HEPES 10 mM, pH = 7.0) solution were evaluated. The optical recognition process of probe 1 exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity to cyanide ion with the detection limit of
M and barely interfered by other coexisting anions. The sensing mechanism of probe 1 is speculated to undergo a nucleophilic addition of cyanide to dicyanovinyl group present in compound 1. The colorimetric and fluorescent dual-modal response to cyanide makes probe 1 has a potential utility in cyanide detection.
Four-Component Preparation of Disubstituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles from (N-isocyanimino)triphenylphosphorane, Phenylacetylenecarboxylic Acid, Biacetyl and Primary Amines
Ramazani, Ali ; Abdian, Behnaz ; Nasrabadi, Fatemeh Zeinali ; Shajari, Nahid ; Ranjdoost, Zahra ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3701~3705
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3701
A simple method has been developed for four-component synthesis of disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles using (N-isocyanimino)triphenylphosphorane, a primary amine, a carboxylic acid and biacetyl in
by the Ugi-4CR/aza-Wittig sequence at room temperature in excellent yields.
Preparation and Properties of Modified Silicon-containing Arylacetylene Resin with Bispropargyl Ether
Zhang, Jian ; Huang, Jianxiang ; Yu, Xiaojiao ; Wang, Canfeng ; Huang, Farong ; Du, Lei ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3706~3710
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3706
A novel silicon-containing arylacetylene resin (MSAR) modified by dipropargyl ether of bisphenol A (DPBPA) and dipropargyl ether of perfluorobisphenol A (DPPFBPA) was prepared separately. The curing behaviors of modified resins, DPBPA/MSAR and DPPFBPA/MSAR, were characterized with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The kinetic parameters of modified resins were obtained by the Kissinger and Ozawa methods. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that the glass transition temperature (
) of the cured DPBPA/MSAR reached
. According to the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the decomposition temperature (
) of the cured resins and char yield (
) decreased as the dipropargyl ether loadings increased, especially in air. With the same weight loading, thermal stability of DPBPA/MSAR was better than that of DPPFBPA/MSAR. The carbon fiber (T300) reinforced composites exhibited excellent flexural properties at room temperature with a high property retention at
Structural Transcription of Organogels to Mesoporous Silicas: A Chain-length Dependent Morphology and Pore Texture
Huang, Yaqun ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3711~3718
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3711
Here, we report a chain-length dependent morphology and pore structure tailing of mesoporous silica templated from organogels, which is formed by primary alkylamine and ethylene glycol at room temperature. As the chain length of alkylamine changes from 12 to 18, the resulted materials exhibit a morphology change from layers to spheres and platelets, respectively. SEM and TEM observation revealed that these shapes appear to be inherited from their parent organogels. Further pore structure characterization by nitrogen sorption analysis demonstrates that all the resulted silicas exhibit typical IV isotherms indicative of uniform mesopores, and their pore sizes are dependent on the chain length of alkylamine used.
Contribution of Counterion Entropy to the Salt-Induced Transition Between B-DNA and Z-DNA
Lee, Youn-Kyoung ; Lee, Juyong ; Choi, Jung Hyun ; Seok, Chaok ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3719~3726
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3719
Formation of Z-DNA, a left-handed double helix, from B-DNA, the canonical right-handed double helix, occurs during important biological processes such as gene expression and DNA transcription. Such B-Z transitions can also be induced by high salt concentration in vitro, but the changes in the relative stability of B-DNA and Z-DNA with salt concentration have not been fully explained despite numerous attempts. For example, electrostatic effects alone could not account for salt-induced B-Z transitions in previous studies. In this paper, we propose that the B-Z transition can be explained if counterion entropy is considered along with the electrostatic interactions. This can be achieved by conducting all-atom, explicit-solvent MD simulations followed by MM-PBSA and molecular DFT calculations. Our MD simulations show that counterions tend to bind at specific sites in B-DNA and Z-DNA, and that more ions cluster near Z-DNA than near B-DNA. Moreover, the difference in counterion ordering near B-DNA and Z-DNA is larger at a low salt concentration than at a high concentration. The results imply that the exclusion of counterions by Z-DNA-binding proteins may facilitate Z-DNA formation under physiological conditions.
High Speed Separation of PFCs in Human Serum by C18-Monolithic Column Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Lee, Won-Woong ; Lee, Sun-Young ; Yu, Se Mi ; Hong, Jongki ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3727~3734
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3727
An analytical method has been developed for the rapid determination of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in human serum samples. The extraction and purification of PFCs from human serum were performed by the modified method of previous report. Ten PFCs were rapidly separated within 3.3 min by C18-monolithic column liquid chromatography (LC) and detected by electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in negative ion mode. The runtime of PFCs on monolithic column LC was up to 4-fold faster than that on conventional column LC. The effect of triethylamine (TEA) to the mobile phase has investigated on the overall MS detection sensitivity of PFCs in ESI ionization. Quantification was performed by LC-MS/MS in multiple-ion reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, using
-labeled internal standards. Method validation was performed to determine recovery, linearity, precision, and limits of quantification, followed by, the analysis of a standard reference material (SRM 1957 from NIST). The overall recoveries ranged between 81.5 and 106.3% with RSDs of 3.4 to 16.2% for the entire procedure. The calibration range extended from 0.33 to 50
, with a correlation coefficient (
) greater than 0.995 and the limits of quantification with 0.08 to 0.46
. This approach can be used for rapid and sensitive quantitative analysis of 10 PFCs in human serum with high performance and accuracy.
Fabrication and Manipulation of Gold 1D Chain Assemblies Using Magnetically Controllable Gold Nanoparticles
Kim, Lily Nari ; Kim, Eun-Geun ; Kim, Junhoi ; Choi, Sung-Eun ; Park, Wook ; Kwon, Sunghoon ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3735~3739
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3735
We have developed magnetically controllable gold nanoparticles by synthesizing superparamagnetic
core/gold shell nanoparticles. The core/shell particles have the capability of forming gold 1D chains in the presence of an external magnetic field. Here we demonstrate dynamic and reversible self-assembly of the gold 1D chain structures in an aqueous solution without any templates or physical or chemical attachment. The spatial configuration of gold chains can be arbitrarily manipulated by controlling the direction of a magnetic field. This technique can provide arbitrary manipulation of gold 1D chains for fabrication purpose. To demonstrate this capability, we present a technique for immobilization of the gold particle chains on a glass substrate.
Synthesis and Characterizations of Bis-Spiropyran Derivatives
Lee, Sungmin ; Ji, Seungwook ; Kang, Youngjong ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3740~3744
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3740
We synthesized three different derivatives of bis-spiropyran using simple organic reactions with high yields. BSP1, a derivative of bis-spiropyran having a connection at the position 6' and BSP2, a derivative of bis-spiropyran having a connection at the position 5 and BSP3, a derivative of bis-spiropyran containing a dithienylethene group between two spiropyran moieties were synthesized. The optical properties of BSPs were characterized. UV-Vis spectra showed that BSPs exhibit reversible photo-isomerization and the efficiency of photo-isomerization is highly dependent on the position of nitro group. BSPs having nitro group at para position of hydroxy group showed the higher efficiency of photo-isomerization that the one having nitro group at ortho position. The optical microscope images obtained under ultraviolet or visible light exposure demonstrated that the formation of nanorods can be reversibly controlled by optical signal.
A Study of Simple α Source Preparation Using a Micro-coprecipitation Method
Lee, Myung Ho ; Park, Tae-Hong ; Song, Byung Chul ; Park, Jong Ho ; Song, Kyuseok ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3745~3748
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3745
This study presents a rapid and simple
source preparation method for a radioactive waste sample. The recovery of
using a micro-coprecipitation method was over 95%. The
-peak resolution of Pu and Am isotopes through the micro-coprecipitation method is enough to discriminate the Pu and Am isotopes from other Pu and Am isotopes. The determination of the Pu and Am isotopes using the micro-coprecipitation method was applied to the radioactive waste sample, so that the activity concentrations of the Pu and Am isotopes using the micro-coprecipitation method in the radioactive waste sample were similar to those using the electrodeposition method.
Investigation of Narrow Pore Size Distribution on Carbon Dioxide Capture of Nanoporous Carbons
Meng, Long-Yue ; Park, Soo-Jin ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3749~3754
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3749
Nanoporous carbons with a high specific surface area were prepared directly from thermoplastic acrylic resin as carbon precursor and MgO powder as template by carbonization over the temperature range,
. The effect of the carbonization temperature on the pore structure and
adsorption capacity of the obtained porous carbon was examined. The textural properties and morphology of the porous carbon materials were analyzed by
adsorption/desorption isotherms, SEM and TEM. The
adsorption capacity of the prepared porous carbon was measured at
and 1 bar and 30 bar. The specific surface area increased from 237 to
, and the total pore volumes increased from 0.242 to
with increasing the carbonization temperature. The carbonization temperature acts mainly by generating large narrow micropores and mesopores with an average pore size dependent on the level of carbonization of the MgO-templated nanoporous carbons. The results showed that the MgO-templated nanoporous carbons at
exhibited the best
adsorption value of 194 mg/g at 1 bar.
Growth and Characterization of Lithium Potassium Phthalate (LiKP) Single Crystals for Third Order Nonlinear Optical Applications
Sivakumar, B. ; Raj, S. Gokul ; Kumar, G. Ramesh ; Mohan, R. ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3755~3760
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3755
Single crystals of lithium potassium phthalate (LiKP) were successfully grown from aqueous solution by solvent evaporation technique. The grown crystals were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The lithium potassium phthalate
belongs to triclinic system with the following unit-cell dimensions at 298(2) K;
; having a space group P1. Mass spectrometric analysis provides the molecular weight of the compound and possible ways of fragmentations occurs in the compound. Thermal stability of the crystal was also studied by both simultaneous TGA/DTA analyses. The UV-Vis-NIR spectrum shows a good transparency in the whole of Visible and as well as in the near IR range. Third order nonlinear optical studies have also been studied by Z-scan technique. Nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refractive index were found out and the third order bulk susceptibility of compound was also estimated. The results have been discussed in detail.
Nanocomposites, Sonochemical Synthesis and Enhanced Photocatalytic Properties Under Visible Light
Meng, Ze-Da ; Zhu, Lei ; Ghosh, Trisha ; Park, Chong-Yeon ; Ullah, Kefayat ; Nikam, Vikram ; Oh, Won-Chun ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3761~3766
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3761
composite was synthesized by a facile sonochemical method. The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer. During the reaction, both of the reduction of graphene oxide and loading of
particles were achieved. The as-prepared
composites possessed great adsorptivity of dyes, extended light absorption range, and efficient charge separation properties simultaneously. Hence, in the photodegradation of rhodamine B (Rh.B), a significant enhancement in the reaction rate was observed with
composites, compared to the pure
. The high activity can be attributed to the synergetic effects of high charge mobility, and red shift in absorption edge of
The Effect of SiO
Shell on the Suppression of Photocatalytic Activity of TiO
and ZnO Nanoparticles
Lee, Min Hee ; Patil, Umakant Mahadev ; Kochuveedu, Saji Thomas ; Lee, Choon Soo ; Kim, Dong Ha ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3767~3771
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3767
In this study, we investigate the potential use of
core/shell nanoparticles (NPs) as effective UV shielding agent. In the typical synthesis,
was coated over different types of
(anatase and rutile) and ZnO by sol-gel method. The synthesized
NPs were characterized by UV-Vis, XRD, SEM and TEM. The UV-vis absorbance and transmittance spectra of core@shell NPs showed an efficient blocking effect in the UV region and more than 90% transmittance in the visible region. XRD and SAED studies confirmed the formation of amorphous
coated over the
and ZnO NPs. The FESEM and TEM images shows that coating of
over the surface of anatase, rutile
and ZnO NPs resulted in the increase in particle size by ~30 nm. In order to study the UV light shielding capability of the samples, photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye on
NPs was performed. Photocatalytic activity for both types of
NPs was partially suppressed. In comparison, the photocatalytic activity of ZnO almost vanished after the
Virtual Screening and Biochemical Evaluation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase 4 Inhibitors
Park, Hwangseo ; Jeon, Jeong-Yi ; Ryu, Seong Eon ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3772~3776
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3772
Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 4 (MKP4) has proved to be a promising target for the development of therapeutics for the treatment of diabetes and the other metabolic diseases. Here, we report an example for a successful application of the structure-based virtual screening to identify three novel inhibitors of MKP4. These inhibitors have desirable physicochemical properties as a drug candidate and reveal a moderate potency with
values ranging from 4.9 to
. Therefore, they deserve consideration for further development by structure-activity relationship studies to optimize the inhibitory and antidiabetic activities. Structural features relevant to the stabilization of the newly identified inhibitors in the active site of MKP4 are discussed in detail.
A Series of 3D Lanthanide Complexes Containing (La(III), Sm(III) and Gd(III)) Metal-organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Structure, Characterization and Their Luminescent Properties
Zhang, Huai-Min ; Yang, Hao ; Wu, Lan-Zhi ; Song, Shuang ; Yang, Li-Rong ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3777~3787
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3777
Three kinds of 3D isomorphous and isostructural coordination polymers, namely,
(Ln = La(1), Sm(2), and Gd(3)) (
= pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate anion) have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, thermal analyses and single crystal X-ray diffraction. In these MOFs, Ln(III) centers adopt eight-coordinated and nine-coordinated with the
donor sets to construct distorted trianglar dodecahedron geometry and tricapped trigonal prism configurations, respectively. Based on the building block of tetranuclear homometallic
unit (16-membered ring), 1-3 are connected into highly ordered 2D sheets via O-C-O linkers and further constructed into 3D architectures through hydrogen bonds. Crystallographic parameters suggest that the lanthanide contraction effect exist in these coordination polymers. Luminescent properties of the lanthanide-based MOFs (metal-organic frameworks) have been measured at room temperature, which reveal that they presenting ionselective characters toward certain metals, such as
The Synthetic Melanin Nanoparticles Having An Excellent Binding Capacity of Heavy Metal Ions
Kim, Da Jeong ; Ju, Kuk-Youn ; Lee, Jin-Kyu ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3788~3792
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3788
Spherical-shape melanin nanoparticles with good water-dispersibility were successfully synthesized by a simple oxidation polymerization of 3,4-dihydroxy-phenylalanin (DOPA) with
. Similar features to those known from natural and synthetic melanin polymers were observed from prepared melanin nanoparticles by FT-IR, UV-Vis., and ESR spectroscopic methods. Their binding ability with several heavy metal ions from aqueous solution was quantitatively investigated, and the maximum binding capacities with melanin nanoparticles to lead, copper, and cadmium ions were obtained as 2.45, 2.17 and 1.88 mmol/g, respectively, which are much larger values than those reported from natural and synthetic melanin polymers. The large binding capacity and fast binding rate of melanin nanoparticles to metal ions can make them an excellent candidate for the remediation of contaminated water.
A Novel 3D Polypseudo-rotaxane Metal-organic Framework Based on a Flexible Bis-pyridyl-bis-amide Ligand
Wang, Xiu-Li ; Han, Na ; Lin, Hong-Yan ; Xu, Chuang ; Luan, Jian ; Liu, Guo-Cheng ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3793~3796
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3793
A novel 3D compound
(1) (L = N,N-bis(4-pyridinecarboxamide)-1,4-butane, SIP = 5-sulfoisophthalate) is hydrothermally synthesized. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that compound 1 is composed of 2D anionic
double-layers and discrete 1D cationic
polymeric chains, which represents a rare 3D polypseudo-rotaxane MOF from intercalation of 1D and 2D framework. In addition, the luminescent property and electrochemical behavior of compound 1 have been investigated.
Effects of Microsolvation on the Stability of Zwitterionic Valine
Kim, Ju-Young ; Won, Gang-Yeon ; Lee, Sungyul ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3797~3804
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3797
We present calculations for valine (Val) -
(n = 0-5) to examine the effects of microsolvating water on the relative stability of the zwitterionic vs. canonical forms of Val. We calculate the structures, energies and Gibbs free energies of the conformers at B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p), wB97XD/6-311++G(d,p) and MP2/aug-cc-pvdz level of theory. We find that five water molecules are needed to stabilize the zwitterionic form of Val. By calculating the barriers of the canonical
zwitterionic pathways of Val -
conformers, we suggest that both forms of Val -
may be observed in low temperature gas phase.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of a Small Drop of Liquid Argon
Lee, Song Hi ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3805~3809
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3805
Results for molecular dynamics simulation method of small liquid drops of argon (N = 1200-14400 molecules) at 94.4 K through a Lennard-Jones intermolecular potential are presented in this paper as a preliminary study of drop systems. We have calculated the density profiles
, and from which the liquid and gas densities
, the position of the Gibbs' dividing surface
, the thickness of the interface d, and the radius of equimolar surface
can be obtained. Next we have calculated the normal and transverse pressure tensor
using Irving-Kirkwood method, and from which the liquid and gas pressures
, the surface tension
, the surface of tension
, and Tolman's length
can be obtained. The variation of these properties with N is applied for the validity of Laplace's equation for the pressure change and Tolman's equation for the effect of curvature on surface tension through two routes, thermodynamic and mechanical.
A First Synthesis and Physical Properties of Asymmetric Anthracenes-Thiophenes Bridged with Ethylene
Hwang, Min Ji ; Park, Ji Hee ; Jeong, Eun Bin ; Kang, Il ; Lee, Dong Hoon ; Park, Chan Eon ; Singh, O.M. ; Choi, HoJune ; Kim, Yoon-Hi ; Yoon, Yong Jin ; Kwon, Soon-Ki ; Lee, Sang-Gyeong ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3810~3816
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3810
Here we report our recent result of a new semiconductor material, which has an asymmetric structure. The synthesized molecules consist of anthracene and thiophene connected by bridged ethylene and substituted with hexyl or dodecyl groups as pendants. The semiconductors were synthesized using a McMurry coupling reaction between anthracene-2-carbaldehyde and corresponding 5-hexyl(or dodecyl)thiophene-2-carbaldehyde. A first investigation of synthesized asymmetry AVHT (9a) and AVDT (9b) for the physical properties showed that they have high oxidation potential and thermal stability. The devices prepared by using AVHT (9a) and AVDT (9b) showed the mobility of
, respectively, in solution processed OTFTs.
Pd-Catalyzed Oxidative Arylation of Cinnamylphosphonates: An Efficient Synthesis of (Z)-Alkenylphosphonates
Lee, Hyun Seung ; Lim, Cheol Hee ; Lee, Hyun Ju ; Kim, Jae Nyoung ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3817~3822
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3817
Various alkenylphosphonates were prepared via the palladium-catalyzed oxidative arylation of cinnamylphosphonates with arenes. The regioselectivity during the
-H elimination of the corresponding alkylpalladium intermediate was governed most likely by steric factors.
A Novel Photoreaction of (2-Hydroxypropoxyphenyl)pentamethyldisilane
Park, Seung Ki ; Kwon, Sun Taeg ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3823~3826
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3823
A Novel Coordination Polymer Based on 4,4'-(Hexauoroisopropylidene)diphthalic Acid: Synthesis, Structure and Physical Properties
Wang, Jun ; Tao, Jian-Qing ; Xu, Xiao-Juan ; Tan, Chun-Yun ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3827~3830
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3827
-Catalyzed Facile One-Pot Synthesis of 1,2-Dihydro-1-arylnaphtho[1,2-e][1,3]oxazine-3-ones and 1,2-Dihydro-1-arylnaphtho[1,2-e][1,3]oxazine-3-thiones
Zhu, Xiaoyan ; Lee, Yong Rok ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3831~3834
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3831
DUSP22 Regulates Transcriptional Activity of HIF-1α
Song, Mina ; Cho, Sayeon ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3835~3837
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3835
Density Functional Theoretical Study on the Substituent Effect in Aryl Halide Oxidative Additions to a Rh Pincer Complex
Lee, Yong-Jae ; Woo, Han Young ; Kim, Yongseong ; Hwang, Sungu ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3838~3840
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3838
Discovery of Monoamine Oxidase A Inhibitors Derived from in silico Docking
Jo, Geunhyeong ; Sung, Su Hyun ; Lee, Younggiu ; Kim, Bong-Gyu ; Yoon, JunWie ; Lee, Hye Ok ; Ji, Sang Yun ; Koh, Dongsoo ; Ahn, Joong-Hoon ; Lim, Yoongho ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3841~3844
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3841
Influence of the Electron Acceptor Group on the Backbone of N-(2,6-Diisopropylphenyl)-2,5-di(2-thienyl)pyrrole-Based Polymer
Tamilavan, Vellaiappillai ; Song, Myungkwan ; Jin, Sung-Ho ; Hyun, Myung Ho ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3845~3848
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3845
Elevation of Transfection Efficiency by Conjugation of Poly(amindoamine)-diethylenetriamine (PAM-DET) with Dexamethasone
Jeong, Yunseong ; Park, Jihye ; Jin, Geun-Woo ; Park, Jong-Sang ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3849~3852
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3849
L-Tartaric Acid as a New Chiral Auxiliary for Asymmetric Synthesis of Piperazinones, Morpholinones, Dihydroquinoxalinones and Dihydrobenzoxazinones
Kim, Yelim ; Park, Kon Ji ; Park, Yong Sun ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3853~3856
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3853
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Benzopyranyl Urea and Benzopyranyl Thiourea Derivatives as MDR Reversal Agents
Lee, Taeho ; Gong, Young-Dae ; Min, Kyung Hoon ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3857~3860
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3857
Incorporation Efficiency of 5'-Azido-5'-Deoxyguanosine into 5'-Terminus of RNA for Preparation of Azido-Functionalized RNA
Lee, Gwan-Ho ; Lim, Hyun Kyung ; Jung, Woong ; Hah, Sang Soo ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3861~3863
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3861
Alkylselenite-catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines: Density Functional Theory Study
Hwang, Sun ; Kim, Hoon Sik ; Cheong, Minserk ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3864~3866
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3864
Unexpected Formation of Naphtyl 1,3-Diaminopropan-2-ol Derivative through Azetidinium Ion Intermediate
Han, Minsoo ; Hahn, Hoh-Gyu ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3867~3870
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3867
High-Temperature Viscosity Measurement of LiCl-KCl Molten Salts Comprising Actinides and Lanthanides
Kim, Jong-Yun ; Bae, Sang-Eun ; Kim, Dae-Hyun ; Choi, Yong Suk ; Yeon, Jei-Won ; Song, Kyuseok ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3871~3874
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3871
An Unusual Pseudo-Coordination Polymer of Dithia-18-Crown-6 with Heavy Metal
Kang, Gyeong-Chan ; Park, In-Hyeok ; Lee, Shim Sung ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3875~3878
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3875
Transient Absorption Spectroscopy of Bis(4,4-dimethyl-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene). Elucidation of Triplet-state Geometry and Triplet-Triplet Absorption
Boo, Bong Hyun ; Cho, Hanjoung ; Kim, Young Min ; Lee, Seung Jun ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3879~3882
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3879
Synthesis and Electroluminescent Properties of Julolidine-π-Juloidine Type Materials with the Bulky Adamantane Groups
Lee, Kum Hee ; Lee, Seok Jae ; Kim, Young Kwan ; Yoon, Seung Soo ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3883~3886
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3883
Pyridyl-urea Derivatives as Blockers of Aβ-induced mPTP Opening for Alzheimer's Disease
Kim, Jiyoon ; Lee, Jiyoun ; Moon, Bongjin ; Mook-Jung, Inhee ; Nam, Ghilsoo ; Keum, Gyochang ; Pae, Ae Nim ; Choo, Hyunah ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3887~3888
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3887
Density Functional Theoretical Study on the Reduction Potentials of Catechols in Water
Lee, Jaebeom ; Koh, Kwangnak ; Hwang, Sungu ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3889~3890
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3889
Oxovanadium(IV) Compounds of cis-[VOCl(N-N)
(N-N = 4,4'- and 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine); Crystal Structure and Biological Activity
Ostad, S. Nasser ; Emadi, S. Masoomeh ; Tavajohi, Shohreh ; Amani, Vahid ; Abedi, Anita ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3891~3894
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3891
Synthesis of the Hexahydroazepine Core of (-)-Balanol
Oh, Hong-Se ; Kang, Han-Young ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3895~3898
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3895
Formation of Nanoporous Polycarbonate Surfaces and Their Chemical Modification for Superhydrophobicity
Go, Seungcheol ; Han, Moonhee ; Ahn, Younghyun ;
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, volume 33, issue 11, 2012, Pages 3899~3902
DOI : 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3899
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Watch Full Winter's Tale in Best Video FormatNow you can enjoy Winter's Tale in best look with duration 118 Min and was published in 2014-02-13 with MPAA rating is 186.
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- Cast of movie :Colin Farrell (Peter Lake), Jessica Brown Findlay (Beverly Penn), Russell Crowe (Pearly Soames), William Hurt (Isaac Penn), Jennifer Connelly (Virginia Gamely), Will Smith (Judge), Graham Greene (Humpstone John), Matt Bomer (Young Man), Kevin Durand (Cesar Tan), Eva Marie Saint (Willa (Adult)), Kevin Corrigan (Romeo Tan), Lucy Griffiths (Mrs. Lake), Finn Wittrock (Gabriel)
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Director : Akiva Goldsman, Screenplay : Akiva Goldsman, Novel : Mark Helprin, Producer : Akiva Goldsman, Producer : Michael Tadross, Producer : Marc Platt, Original Music Composer : Rupert Gregson-Williams, Original Music Composer : Hans Zimmer, Director of Photography : Caleb Deschanel, Editor : Tim Squyres, Editor : Wayne Wahrman, Production Design : Naomi Shohan
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"DAMN AND BLAST!" My English professor, a grammar nazi of the first order, slashes up my story with a storm of red marks. "Sentence fragments! Improper punctuation! AND ITALICS DO NOT DENOTE TELEPATHIC COMMUNICATION!" He shoots up from his desk, sending his chair screeching backward, and slaps me across the face. "I WILL NOT HAVE IT, SIR! LITERATURE WILL BE PRESERVED!" He winds up for another slap and I catch his hand and stare him down like I'm the movie hero who's just gone surprisingly beast-mode. "Your accent is fake as hell," I say. "And you know why my readers like my stuff? It's because I'm not fondling myself dreaming of the Bard nutting all over my face. In fact, if he was alive right now, he'd be writing comic books." The professor screams in inarticulate rage and his mouth yawns open impossibly wide. I see the fires of Hades raging in his throat. I whip my eReader open to Echo and hold it in front of my face. A roiling stream of destruction jets from his lips, then reflects off my eReader screen directly back at him. He makes crispy-fried Gollum noises as his body chars and withers. From around the edges of my eReader, I see his hands bend into blackened claws.
Quick! How do you deflect a stream of hellfire shot from the mouth of a puerile academic?Get Echo Vol. 1 on Kindle here: Vol. 1 on Kindle. Vol. 2 on Kindle here: Vol.2 on Kindle. Links for Vol.1 AND Vol.2 on Smashwords/Nook/iBooks/Kobo are available here: Echo on other platforms


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The successor to Imaam al Waadi'ee (Shaykh Muqbil), al-'Allaamah an-Naasih al-Ameen Abu 'Abdur Rahmaan Yahyaa Ibn 'Alee al-Hajooree, may Allaah preserve him, in his book: "at-Tabaqaat lima hasala ba'da mawt shaykhanaa al-Imaam al-Waadi'ee, rahimahu Allaah, fee ad-da'watis-salafiyyah bilyamani minal-haalaat" (pages 22-23):
"The Major Mashaay'ikh of the Da'watus-Salafeeyah in Yemen, they are the 'Ulemaa' (Muslim scholars) of the land whom legal rulings are sought after. We mention them arranged by their names in alphabetical order:
1. The Noble Shaykh Aboo Muneer 'Abdillah bin 'Uthmaan al-Qeesee adh-Dhamaaree (hafidhahullaah): A very profound and inspirational preacher, it is as if Allaah created him solely for this purpose, such that Allaah has caused many of the Muslims to benefit from his sermons and to awaken those who are neglectful because his sermons rely on the Book of Allaah and the Sunnah of His Messenger (may the peace & blessings of Allaah be upon him),he gives lessons and does beneficial missionary work in his area.
2. The Noble Shaykh Aboo 'Abdillaah 'Abdur-Rahmaan bin 'Umar bin Mur'ee bin Burayk al-'Adanee (hafidhahullaah): He possesses unique intellect one whom Allaah has given knowledge that is abundant and causing good. Along with giving him humbleness and bountiful manners, and firmness upon the Sunnah, he gives beneficial lessons on Fiqh and has explained ad-Daraaree of ash-Shawkaanee with some portions having been published.
3. The Noble Shaykh Aboo Dharr 'Abdul-'Azeez bin Yahyaa al-Bura'ee (hafidhahullah): A Caller to Allaah, sharp, courageous, an eloquent orator, a beneficial teacher and author, he has a blessed center of learning in Mafraq Jaish (the city of Ibb, about 3 hours south of Sana'a) and printed works such as Bidayaa-tul-Inhiraaf (The Beginning of Deviance) and others, he is from the Poets of the Salafee da'wah.
4. The Noble Shaykh Aboo 'Abdil-Hameed Muhammad bin Saaleh as-Sumaalee (hafidhahullaah): Imam and Orator (of the Friday Sermons) of Masjid-ul-Khair in Beer 'Abeed (in Sana'a), a caller to Allah, having insight and a beneficial teacher, the likes of him are few concerning generosity and love for the da'wah and undertaking its load in Sana'a, his center of learning is considered the original stronghold of Ahlus-Sunnah in Sana'a and Allah has caused great benefit to be spread by him.
5. The Noble Shaykh the possessor of extraordinary endeavor, Aboo Nasr Muhammad bin 'Abdillah ar-Raymee nicknamed as al-Imaam (hafidhahullaah): One of the pioneers of the Sunnah, excellent in writing, profound in preaching, an outstanding admonisher, when he recites the Qur'aan you will barely be filled with his recitation (meaning you will want him to recite more because of the beauty of his recitation), he has a blessed center for knowledge-based studies in Ma'bar (which is a village south of Sana'a with probably the largest Salafee Masjid in Yemen), large number of preachers and memorizers of the Qur'aan have graduated from his hand and he has a number of printed works such as Tanweer-uth-Thulumaati fee Mafaasid-il-Intikhaabaat (Illuminating the Darkness concerning the Evils of Voting), al-Muaamarat-ul-Kubraa 'alaa al-Maraatil-Muslimah (The Largest Conspiracies against the Muslim Woman) and al-Bayaanu lima 'alayhi Jaami'at-ul-Imaan (The Explanation of what the University of Imaan is upon).[1]
6. The Honorable Shaykh, the trustworthy, the ascetic, the perseverant, the esteemed scholar, Aboo Ibraaheem Muhammad bin 'Abdul-Wahhaab al-Wasaabee al-'Abdalee[2]hafidhahullaah): From the chiefs of the protectors of the lions den of the Sunnah never needing a physical weapon, Allah bestowed upon him tranquility and love for the Sunnah and its people, his religious exhortations are more valuable than pearls, he has a number of printed publications of the most precious and beneficial is al-Qawlul-Mufeed fee Adilatit-Tawheed (The Beneficial Word concerning the Evidences of Monotheism) then the treatises at-Tardu wal-Ib'aad 'an Hawdhi Yawmil-Mi'aad (The Expulsion and Distancing from the Pool of the Prophet- may the peace & blessings of Allah be upon him-on the Day of Meeting), Hukum Ridhaa'il-Kabeer, al-Qawlus-Sawaabi fee Hukmil-Mihraab (The Correct Statement regarding the Ruling of the Prayer Niche), al-Jawharu fee 'Adadi Darajaatil-Minbaar (The Essential concerning the number of Steps that the Sermon Ladder should have), and the treatise Tuhfatul-Areeb fee Ittikhaadil-'Asaa lil-Khateeb ( The Profound Masterpiece regarding the Orator using a staff while conducting the Friday Sermon), he has a blessed center for knowledge-based studies in the city of al-Hudaydah, (which is about 4 hours south west of Sana'a)where he gives beneficial lessons of knowledge. (
7. The Noble Shaykh[3] Aboo 'Abdir-Rahmaan Yahyaa bin 'Alee al-Hajooree (hafidhahullaah): He teaches his brothers in Daarul-Hadeeth in Dammaaj as a representative of Shaykh (Muqbil) during his life and after his death (rahimahullaah).
[1] This school in Sana'a is run by Abdul-Majeed az-Zindaanee -may Allah guide him and all of us, the 'Ulemaa' have warned against studying there.
[2] He is from amongst the senior (eldest) students of Imaam Muqbil bin Haadee Al-Waadi'ee (rahimahullaah), to the extent that Shaykh Muqbil referred to Shaykh Muhammad as "my khaleefah." His specialty is in Fiqh (Islaamic jurisprudence).
[3] In the original text Shaykh Yahyaa didn't even write Noble Shaykh before his name and instead only wrote: Yahyaa bin Alee al-Hajooree Aboo 'Abdir-Rahmaan and the shortest description of himself compared to the other Mashaay'ikh he wrote about which is evident of his great piety and humbleness. This title was added out of respect for him (hafidhahullaah).
Also in Dammaaj is Shaykh Jameel As-Salwee and he is considered one of the most senior shuyookh of Dammaaj, he has been there for over 18 years. He is originally from Ethiopia, and he goes there for Da'wah. And shaykhs Zaayed Hasan bin Saaleh al-'Amree al-Wasaabee Abu 'Abdillaah, and 'Abdul-Kareem bin Ahmad bin Hussayn al-'Amree Abu 'Amr al-Hajooree.
Al-'Allaamah Abu 'Abdir Rahmaan Yahyaa Ibn 'Alee al-Hajooree, may Allaah preserve him, said in "at-Tabaqaat";
"Zaayid Hasan bin Saaleh al-'Amree al-Wasaabee Abu 'Abdillaah; Memorizer of the Qur'aan, Buloogh al-Maraam, Khateeb and teacher. A very beneficial person in various sciences and he has a small booklet on fasting, and one about inheritance.
"Abdul-Kareem bin Ahmad bin Hussayn al-'Amree Abu 'Amr al-Hajooree; a firm Sunnee Salafee, teacher and Khateeb, memorized al-Qur'aan, Saheeh al-Bukhaaree and Saheeh Muslim. He has authored a number of books."
Al-Imaam, al-'Allaamah Muqbil Ibn Haadee al-Waadi'ee, may Allaah have mercy on him, said in his book, "Tarjamah Abee 'Abdur Rahmaan Muqbil Ibn Haadee al-Waadi'ee": (pages 39 and 47)
"Zaayed bin Hasan bin Saaleh al-'Amree al-Wasaabee; Memorizer of the Qur'aan."
" 'Abdul Kareem bin Ahmad bin Hussayn al-Hajooree al-'Amree; Memorizer of Qur'aan and Lulu wal Marjaan."
Shaykhs Zaayed al-Wasaabee and Abu 'Amr al-Hajooree, may Allaah preserve them, are from the students of Shaykh Muqbil al-Waadi'ee, may Allaah have mercy on him, and from the students of Shaykh Yahyaa al-Hajooree. Shaykh Zaayed is also from the students of Shaykh Muhammad Ibn 'Abdul-Wahhaab al-Wasaabee, may Allaah preserve him. Shaykh Zaayed has been and continues to be a student of knowledge for the last fifteen years along with Shaykh Abu 'Amr al-Hajooree has been a student of knowledge for the past eleven years. They are both from the shaykhs of Daarul Hadeeth, Dammaaj, and also amongst the people who give khutbahs, go out for da'wah, its teachers, and people of research. Shaykh Yahyaa had also sent them for the first time for da'wah to India in the past year (2005). And they are also sent for other da'wah affairs within Yemen. They continue to be students of knowledge in Daarul Hadeeth, Dammaaj to this present time.
Tags: major scholars of yemen, scholars in yemen, the major scholars in the lands of yemen, yemeni people of knowledge, yemeni scholars


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Patients and families
Preparing for Surgery | Visiting SickKids | Child Life | AboutKidsHealth.ca
Welcome to our patients and families page. We hope this page will help you find some of the information you need. In turn we hope to hear from you for feedback as well.
Preparing before the surgery will help to ensure things run smoothly on the day of your child's procedure. Visit Preparing for Surgery for some great links to help make your visit or stay with SickKids as easy as possible. There you will see a checklist to help you make sure you and your child are ready.
See Visiting SickKids for resources and tips for the day of surgery, including guidelines on the following:
- Arrival at the hospital (registration)
- Pre-Operative Nursing assessment/screening
- Pre-Operative Playroom/Waiting Room assessment
- While your child is in surgery (Surgical Waiting Room)
- Your child's recovery in PACU (Post Anesthetic Care Unit)
- SickKids/Parking
- Staying at SickKids
- Coming for surgery
- Coming for a clinic appointment
- Coming to Emergency
- Patient safety
- Shop and eat at SickKids
- Staying connected while at SickKids
- Visiting a patient
- International patients
- Tour SickKids
- Advice for parents (before arrival)
A Child Life Specialist provides therapeutic play programs designed to reduce stress and help patients cope with hospitalization. They help prepare children for medical and surgical procedures and much more. Read more.
This website is full of great resources about heart health and much much more. You can browse topics such as:
- Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders
- Heart Catheterization: Getting Ready for the Procedure
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text:
Chapter I. The Introduction and Early Development of Petroleum Pipelines
|The term "Oil Regions" is used throughout this study to designate the area of Pennsylvania where oil production was centered. The boundaries of this area naturally varied from time to time.
|Sir Samuel Morton Peto, The Resources and Prospects of America Ascertained during a Visit to the States in the Autumn of 1865 ( London and New York, 1866), p. 203.
|Andrew Cone and Walter R. Johns, Petrolia: A Brief History of the Pennsylvania Petroleum Region, Its Development, Growth, Resources, etc., from 1859 to 1869 ( New York, 1870), p. 101.
|Paul H. Giddens, The Birth of the Oil Industry ( New York, 1938), pp. 107-108.
|The Derrick's Hand-Book of Petroleum: A Complete Chronological and Statistical Review of Petroleum Developments from 1859 to 1899 [1898] ( 2 vols.; Oil City, Penna., 1898- 1900), I, 30.
|Ibid., p. 27.
|Cone and Johns, Petrolia, p. 103.
|Rolland H. Maybee, Railroad Competition and the Oil Trade, 1855- 1873 ( New York, 1940), p. 4.
|Ibid., p. 45.
|Giddens, Birth Oil Industry, pp. 151-152.
|John J. McLaurin, Sketches in Crude-Oil ( Harrisburg, Penna., 1896), p. 262.


text:
I suppose this crap is going to bring about a lot of whining and tears within this school. Think I'll be in Limbo.
Well, he's in a better place, which sure isn't hell, considering I'd be informed. And it sure isn't here, because any world that would condemn a gift like he had isn't worth living in.
Lucky bastard.


text:
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To try the thousands of add-ons available here, download Mozilla Firefox, a fast, free way to surf the Web!Close
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Choose from thousands of extra features and styles to make Firefox your own.Close
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Upon installing, it says it is not compatible with FF 3.6.9...
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Hi. Though this add-on does what it claims, I still have a problem. My mother tongue is not English. When you try to set up filtering rules, you suck if you're using a language with inflections (that is, most languages). As the words change through inflection, you end up in very huge lists and there is still a chance for omitting another form.This review is for a previous version of the add-on (18.104.22.168x).
Wizz RSS News Reader
A real CPU hogger Rated 1 out of 5 stars
While Wizz refreshes the watches (I have only 8), my computer is stuck for 2-3 seconds, driving the CPUs to 100%. Is a 3800+ X2 (2GB RAM, Windows XP x64) too weak for Wizz?This review is for a previous version of the add-on (184.108.40.206).
To create your own collections, you must have a Mozilla Add-ons account.


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Our club is shifting from the oldsclub.org domain to oldsmobileclub.org. This more descriptive domain improves branding recognition and search engine optimization and placement. In other words, more Oldsmobile enthusiasts will be able to find us on the web. Please bookmark the new domain and spread the news.
After nearly a decade, OCA is updating the look and feel of its website, including adding a number of features that we believe will add value to our members. Beyond the new design of the site, we are planning to role out a members only section over the next few months, which will include profile management, searchable directories, access to protected content, and much more. We are also look at ways to expand our services through e-newsletters and social media.
We will keep you updated as we move forward. In the meantime, we welcome your feedback on the new site.


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(Revelation 19) [9] Then the angel said to me, "Write: 'Blessed are those who are invited to the wedding supper of the Lamb!...These are the true words of God." At this I fell at his feet to worship him.
As a child, I wondered why John would worship an angel. John, an apostle! How come if I knew that Jesus Christ was the only one who should be worshipped, John didn't? Well, I was wrong. You see, I didn't bow before an angel who led others into worship with God. But I may have esteemed some Christian artists higher than I should have at times. Sometimes I have listened to *their* words and have been more concerned about what they thought than sometimes what God thought.
I don't mean to pick on Amy Grant, and this is not her fault anyway, but I met Amy Grant at an Amy Grant Fan Club meeting last year. I tell you one thing: her fans were snapping away picture after picture and it was really idolatrous.
I remember being late for church, because I was in the car, being so excited that they were airing Carolyn Arends' interview and she was talking about the Internet. Now, it's OK to like artist interviews and to really like music that put Christian artists put out. But sometimes we can get caught up with the artist instead of God's work behind that artist.
Revelation 19 continues and says, [10] But [the angel] said to me, "I am a fellow servant with you...Worship God."
What I respect about Rich Mullins is that he always pointed to God. He said, "But mostly, I hope you [will] know Jesus through whom God has wildly and ferociously loved us."
And I encourage that you would know Jesus overwhelming more than you know about artists and their songs.
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


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You can buy from the following exchangers : http://www.standardgoldng.comhttp://www.naira4dollar.comhttp://www.e-naira.comhttp://www.nicciexchange.comIf you live outside Nigeria you can use http://www.bsrates.com to fund your LR account or you will find good exchangers in your country listed on liberty reserve website.STEPS TO TURN $10 LIBERTY RESERVE TO $1400 IN LESS THAN 4 WEEKS.Reading this article alone cannot and will not add values to your lifestyle! But you can be sure of some cash on talking action.In fact, the same system that made $95 during the first week, $905 in the second week, and $2,540 in 28 days is available for FREE!I came across this system in one forum, and decided to give it a try. Surfing the net, I found an article, which says , one could make thousands of dollars in a fortnight investing as little as $10 ...Well, I thought....that must be one more attraction for dimwits, but still it up to the end, to know , what sort of Holy Grail , I was supposed to spend my money on.After 2 weeks, my checks started beeping with smiles and satisfaction, when dollars, started pouring into my liberty reserve account.How it Works:You are to send $5 to each liberty reserve accounts listed below. After sending the payments to those accounts, then , develop a free blog, copy some of this contents here and modify it. After developing a blog, remove the second liberty reserve account number and put your liberty reserve account number.Clearer Picture.Send $5 each to this tw0 LR accountU0831879 The system LR account numberU6538544After sending $5 each, remove the second LR, which is U6538544 and put your own LR account.U0831879Put your own LR here.You put the number of your own liberty reserve account into this vacant 2nd line, and send/post this text to like 30 different forums. No tricks...(please, ensure you use just 1 liberty reserve account for this program, As the system will detect and Ban you if you use 2)I hesitated a bit and understood, I am risking a measly $10... and decided to give it a try. Just guess, what happened in the next 7 days, after I tried it? Money started to arrive....honestly, I was shocked!I made $95 during my first week of trying it, $905 by the end of the second week, Over $2,540 in 28 days!!!Now, after 5 weeks , I had about $4,700 and the sums grew quickly, and that was all at a cost of just $10!!! My financial position got selling LR... I was quite fortunate, wasnt it?And now, I would like to tell YOU, that this system that raked-in this amount for me, is available to you for FREE!I promise you that if you follow all the instructions given below, you will start earning much more money, you could ever expected without much effort. Please, read this twice! Follow the instructions and you will start receiving downpour of $$$$. ATTENTION:Follow these instructions EXACTLY the way, it is written, and over $6,000 will be yours in the next 20 to 30 days. This system works very well, thanks to the honestly of the participants.1. If you havent got the $10 in your liberty reserve account yet, you have to create or open your free liberty reserve account at liberty reserve site. Open an account through this link: REGISTER NOW Get acquainted with this system, see how it works and choose the variant that suits you, and then, fund your liberty reserve account with a minimum of $10.2. Transfer $5 to each of the 2 liberty reserve account below:U0831879U65385443. Now erase the second account from the list, after sending money to it. And then, put the number of your liberty reserve account number into 2. Like this:U0831879U??????? (insert your liberty reserve account number here)4. Make all necessary changes, but try to preserve the main idea in this article. Put/Post this article to at least 50 Forums , Facebook Groups, Myspace, Twitter and News Groups.Remember the more forums you post to, the higher will be your income, and your income depends on you directly. So follow every word and you will start seeing the effects.This business goes on and thrives. Thanks to the honestly of the participants. So by the time you do this business with all sincerity you will have thousands of dollars in your liberty reserve account! My WORD! 10 Referrals a day= $50 A week Referrals= $350 Two weeks Referrals= $700 Three weeks Referrals= $1050 Four week Referrals= $1400Remember, this only cost you a mere $10, and simple work!!! Do it now! Dont put it off till tomorrow!!! Because, you might not come back to it again. Time is money!!!SOME USEFUL TIPS:1. The first thing to do, is to highlight and save this entire article in your MS Word document or Notepad on your computer, or just print it out, so you can come back to it later.2. Read through the program very well, so that you can understand the way, the system works. In my own explanation, this is a liberty reserve system that yields the members money, through compounding process.3. If you already have a liberty reserve account, proceed to the next step. If you dont have then go to liberty reserve: (REGISTER NOW) and register for free. To fund your liberty reserve account or change your liberty reserve money to physical cash, you have to go to an exchanger.Liberty reserve exchangers are available in most countries of the world. You can find exchangers in your country through Google Search. When searching with Google, type liberty reserve exchangers in your country name e.g., Liberty reserve exchangers in U.S, Canada , South Africa etc.YEAH!!! I believe, i have done something to help you to gain a QUICK access to one of the secrets of making money online, that the gurus have being hiding from you and me, that makes them unbelievable NON-STOPPABLE down pouring of money into their account daily, and monthly for years now!This secret, has being hidden from you, so that, you will continue to work , work and work until, you maybe give up... but, let me tell you something, these people have hidden the simple truth of making HUGE sums of money, with a measly from you; believing, if you know about this secrets, you would maybe become richer than THEM.But, I tell you today, as you read this article, dont play with it, get straight with every word, and soon, you will know the crazy effect of this little secret, that has been locked and keys thrown away, is now in your HANDS! USE IT WISELY.WARNING:This system are been monitored, kindly follow the instructions as given above, Dont Delete the First liberty reserve account number, as it belongs to the system, you will get ban from the system if you try it, I was completely BANNED when I tried it... Kindly follow it as instructed, dont go against their Terms & Conditions, and the sky will be your limits.
ervestadministration;Important. Unfortunately is sad news we bring today.It is with much regret that we have to say this On behalf of ervest.com and administration . It seems that not enough people were interested in our project ,We are kindly sorry that we are now closed due to insolvency and shortage of funds to continue our normal operation as an online hype investments business. But we still tried to keep things running and have kept paying till finally there is no more money left. We paid as many as possible and we know that some of you did make some profit and we also know that some of you didn't, sorry about that. We will be removing the website shortly, but wanted to at least let you know first.ervestadministration;Important. Unfortunately is sad news we bring today.It is with much regret that we have to say this On behalf of ervest.com and administration . It seems that not enough people were interested in our project ,We are kindly sorry that we are now closed due to insolvency and shortage of funds to continue our normal operation as an online hype investments business. But we still tried to keep things running and have kept paying till finally there is no more money left. We paid as many as possible and we know that some of you did make some profit and we also know that some of you didn't, sorry about that. We will be removing the website shortly, but wanted to at least let you know first.
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Tired of the same old boring ideas for Valentine's Day? Are you separated by miles? Or are you single?
No matter what your situation, Felicity shares creative ideas to celebrate L-O-V-E!
Hey Felicity! This year my boyfriend and I are going to be in different cities for Valentine's Day. He is on a out-of-state work project until the end of the month. I want to do something to mark the day but obviously our go-to romantic dinner at a restaurant won't work. Do you have any suggestions on how I can play cupid from miles away?
I'm so glad you asked me this! I admit hearing from someone excited about this holiday is like a breath of fresh air. I know for many folks, Valentine's Day has become this dreaded event and because of that, it gets ridiculed. But my philosophy is, invented holiday or not, that it's a day to celebrate love…no matter what your current relationship status may be (more on that below).
I have a few fun ways you can let your guy know he's on your mind. These work great from a distance but are also effective even if you are in the same zip code. The key is each of these ideas is very personal. Sure flowers, stuffed animals, and candy are the standard gifts on this holiday and you could easily arrange to have something like that delivered to him…but I think doing something unique to the two of you is much more meaningful.
1. Make a song dedication
I remember back when I was a pre-teen swooning over Casey Kasem's "Long Distance Dedications" on the radio. I listened with baited breath each week on his Top 40 countdown hoping against hope that the boy I was crushing on would proclaim is love for me across the line with an LDD (spoiler alert: it never happened).
Nowadays we have a much easier way to dedicate a song to our love via social media. If you are both on Facebook, the simplest thing to do is post a link to a YouTube video of the song right on his wall. You don't have to even get sappy with a shmoopy dedication if that's not your style.
Let the words of the song express it for you! If you have more than one "song", do a countdown. You could do your Top Five and starting on February 10th, post a song each day. If you aren't on social media or you aren't comfortable with such a public romantic display, you can send the songs via text or email.
2. Write a sexy love letter
If you've taken my Language of Desire program, you've mastered a couple of techniques to create a sizzling love letter you can deliver digitally. In a nutshell, there are three steps to write this…
First, think of a romantic or sexy memory together. Next, put that memory together in a story. Recall an interlude that was particularly passionate and jot down the details. What you were wearing, where you were, and how you were feeling. And write out what took place step by step. Feel free to embellish and don't be afraid to even get a little cheesy…think of it like a soap opera and he is the dashing leading man. Include a lot of detail about how much he turned you on.
Tell him how his masculinity seduced you, rendering you powerless against his sexiness. Then, you will share your passionate memory with him, bit by bit through text messages. When you text it, send just a few sentences at a time. Strategically pause right before launching into a description of the action…tease him a little bit.
3. Create a photo journal
If writing isn't your dealio, you can create a romantic story using just images. All you need to do is gather up photos of items that represent your relationship.
Here are some ideas:
> the place you had your first date
> his shirt you like to borrow to sleep in
> his favorite lingerie of yours (you don' t have to be wearing it)
> a souvenir from a vacation you took together
> an image of a place you plan to visit
> the logo of your favorite restaurant
> pictures of you together
Either snap the photo yourself or grab 'em off the Internet. Gather them up and save them on your phone photo album. Then, over the course of a day or so, periodically text him an image. Tell him why the photo is meaningful to you or how it reminds you of him. Of course you can take this activity to a more provocative place by sending him images of you in sexy poses or various states of undress. That's always fun, too 😉
A note to my single friends…
Just because you may not have a Valentine this year, I encourage you to still take part in the holiday! It may sound a little woo-woo but I'm a huge believer in the power of intention and mindset.
> Write a list of how you will romance your future partner
> Jot down all of your amazing traits and things you bring to a relationship
> Visualize what love looks like – not just the physical but the emotional aspects, too
> Notice the people around you who are in love and wish them well
And acknowledge the love you already have in your life – it's not just romantic love! Family, friends, pets, community – all of it counts. Like the theme song says, love IS all around!
Do you have a question for me? Join me on my Facebook page and ask away!