text:
Callorhinus ursinus
|Scope: Global
Language: English
|Scientific Name:
|Callorhinus ursinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Common Name(s):
Arctocephalus ursinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Phoca ursina Linnaeus, 1758
|Taxonomic Notes:
|The Northern Fur Seal, Callorhinus ursinus, (Linneaeus, 1758) is in the family Otariidae and is the only extant species within the genus Callorhinus. Although earlier work had suggested that more than a single species or subspecies might exist, the current belief is that there is only the one species (Rice 1998) and genetic studies suggest that they are panmictic (Dickerson et al. 2010). Despite the genetic history that indicates mixing, there are currently two recognized stocks of Northern Fur Seals in North America. The Eastern Pacific stock includes those Fur Seals breeding on the three primary rookeries in Alaska, the Pribilof Islands and Bogoslof Island in the Aleutian chain. The San Miguel stock includes those seals breeding on the Channel Islands and the Farallon Islands of California.
|Red List Category & Criteria:
|Vulnerable A2b ver 3.1
|Year Published:
|Date Assessed:
|Gelatt, T., Ream, R. & Johnson, D.
|Lowry, L.
|Lowry, L., Ahonen, H., Pollock, C.M., Chiozza, F. & Battistoni, A.
The global population of Northern Fur Seals includes breeding areas extending from the Kuril Islands of Russia, across the Bering Sea, south to the west coast of the United States with the southernmost rookery in the Channel Islands of California. The population has shown inconsistent trends at particular areas with the most dramatic change occurring at the largest breeding rookery, St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska. The Pribilof population has experienced a significant, steep decline in recent years and has failed to recover despite the cessation of commercial harvesting. Although the global population is still in excess of a million animals, the current downward trends in abundance at St. Paul and nearby St. George Island remain unexplained. The Pribilof Islands population represents just under one half of the world-wide population and has declined by approximately 66% over the last three generations (1972–2014). The global change in abundance during that same period was 30.1% (95% CI -47.1% to 14.5%). Therefore, Northern Fur Seals should remain in the IUCN Red List category of Vulnerable under criterion A2b (due to the fact that the causes of the reduction do not appear to have ceased, are not understood, and may not be reversible based on the unknown cause, and that an index of abundance appropriate to the taxon (direct counting and mark-recapture) was used to assess population size).
|Previously published Red List assessments:
|Range Description:
|Northern Fur Seals are a widely-distributed pelagic species in the waters of the North Pacific Ocean and the adjacent Bering Sea, Sea of Okhotsk and Sea of Japan. They range from northern Baja California, Mexico, north and offshore across the North Pacific to northern Honshu, Japan. The southern limit of their distribution at sea is approximately 35°N (Rice 1998). Vagrants reach the Yellow Sea in the west and eastern Beaufort Sea to the north. They breed on rookeries in Russia (Kuril Islands, Commander Islands and Tuleny Island (Kuzin 1999), Alaska (Pribilof Islands and Bogoslof Island) and California (San Miguel Island) (Loughlin et al. 1994). In the past, the vast majority of the population bred at rookeries on the Pribilof Islands, with substantial numbers on the Commander Islands. However, a significant population decline on the Pribilofs concurrent with the establishment of a new breeding site in the eastern Aleutian Islands and population increases in the Kuril Islands of Russia has resulted in the Pribilof Islands now representing approximately 45% of the global population.
|Countries occurrence:
Native:Canada; Japan; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Mexico; Russian Federation; United States
Vagrant:China; Taiwan, Province of China
|FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Pacific – northeast; Pacific – eastern central; Pacific – northwest
|Additional data:
|Range Map:
|Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
|The population history for Northern Fur Seals throughout the North Pacific and Bering Seas has been tied to the harvest of seals for their pelts (Kuzin 1999, NMFS 2007). Between the mid 1700s and early 1800s, Russian sealers used Aleut labour to harvest an average of 100,000 Fur Seals, mostly pups, annually in Alaskan waters (Roppel 1984). The commercial harvest of Fur Seals on the Pribilof Islands continued with periodic modifications to the sex/age classes of focus until and after the United States purchase of Alaska in 1867. In the late 1800s and early 1900s commercial harvests on land and pelagic sealing continued unregulated until the Fur Seal act of 1911 was signed by Japan, Russia, Great Britain (for Canada) and the United States. This treaty prohibited pelagic sealing and reduced the take on land which at its peak in 1868 had harvested 240,000 seals in a single year (Roppel and Davey 1965, NMFS 2007).
In the early 1900s the Pribilof stock continued to grow in abundance despite commercial harvest. Between 40,000 and 126,000 seals were harvested each year during 1943-1968 (NMFS 2007). A new harvest regime was followed in the early 1960s which allowed for annual harvests of approximately 300,000 adult females and 30,000-96,000 subadult males (York and Hartley 1981). The population did not increase as anticipated after this new regime and ultimately commercial harvest of Fur Seals was terminated on St. George Island in 1973 and on St. Paul Island in 1983. Subsistence harvest of subadult males has continued on both islands since that time (NMFS 2007). In 2014, subsistence harvest rules were changed to allow the annual take of up to 150 male pups on St. George Island during a new autumn harvest season. This harvest occurred for the first time in the autumn of 2014.
Contrasting to the Northern Fur Seal abundance trend on the Pribilof Islands is Bogoslof Island, a small volcanic island in the eastern Aleutian Islands of Alaska. Northern Fur Seals were first reported on Bogoslof in 1976 with the first breeding seals noted in 1980 (Lloyd et al. 1981, Loughlin and Miller 1989). Subsequent surveys revealed an exponential growth rate during the 1990s and early 2000s with the estimated number of pups increasing at a rate of 48.5% annually between the time pups were first observed in 1980 and 2005. This rate then dropped to approximately 10% annually between 2005-2011, the last time the island was surveyed. Such a dramatic growth rate can only be explained by a combination of recruitment and immigration from other sites (Ream et al. 1999). Recent studies suggest that the recent slowing in growth rate coupled with increases in foraging trip duration and distance may represent a typical density dependent response to a limited resource (Kuhn et al. 2014). The Northern Fur Seal population on Bogoslof has increased to the point that it is the second largest Northern Fur Seal rookery in the United States, surpassing St. George Island. This growth has served to ameliorate the overall decline of the population.
Northern Fur Seal rookeries in Russia have not been counted since 2006-2009 depending on the site. However, basic trends until that time are documented. Overharvesting in the 19th century eradicated the population on the Kuril Islands where Northern Fur Seals were considered extinct until the mid 1950s. Pup production grew rapidly on the Kurils during 1962-1977 (19.9% annual increase). The population stabilized around 1978 and trend became slightly negative (-0.8%) during 1978-1988. Pup production in the Kuril Islands has increased 82.4% since 1988 (+3.8% annually) and is now comparable to the Tuleny (Robben) Island population. During the last count in 2006, approximately 27,090 pups were counted. Total abundance of Fur Seals in the Kuril Islands currently exceeds 100,000 individuals (Kuzin 1999).
In 1999, A. Kuzin published a detailed description of the biology and history of Northern Fur Seals in Russia with special emphasis on Tuleny Island. He reported that the population at Tuleny at the time of its discovery in 1852 was approximately 120,000. Subsequent unregulated harvest reduced the population to as low as a few thousand animals in the late 1890s. Tuleny Island then underwent a series of population highs and low during various periods of harvest. The maximum population was approximately 180,000 individuals in the late 1960s (Kuzin 1999). The most recent estimate was 140,000 individuals including 42,200 pups in 2009 (Kuzin 2010).
The San Miguel stock of Northern Fur Seals breeds primarily on San Miguel Island, California, at the southern extent of the breeding range. This population has increased or been stable since its discovery in 1968 (Caretta et al. 2013). The trend in pup births includes a steady increase followed by a sharp decline that has been shown to be directly tied to El Niño events; pup production in 1997-1998 declined 81% due to the redistribution of prey caused by the event. Overwinter satellite telemetry studies have shown that Northern Fur Seals from all of the US breeding sites use similar foraging grounds along the west coast of Southeast Alaska, British Columbia, Washington and Oregon (Lea et al. 2009, Ream et al. 2005, Sterling and Ream 2004). The overlap is not limited to foraging habitat as genetic studies indicate that there is very little differentiation between animals throughout the range (Dickerson et al. 2010).
Population estimates for Northern Fur Seals are generally derived by multiplying pup counts by a correction factor of 4.4747 to include all non-pups. A global abundance estimate was generated from the most recently available count and estimate data for all subpopulations in the range using the agTrend model (Johnson and Fritz 2014). The 2014 estimate for localities other than the Pribilofs is a projected number based on the trends at each site. The modelled population estimate used all of the data available since 1966 to project the estimates reported above. The most recent actual count and estimated numbers used in the model are shown below.
Pribilof Islands, 2014
St. Paul Island: 91,737 pups x 4.4747 = 410,496 (Towell et al. 2014)
St. George Island: 18,937 pups x 4.474 = 84,737 (Towell et al. 2014)
Sea Lion Rock: 5,250 pups x 4.4747 = 23,492 (Towell et al. 2014)
Commander Islands, 2006: 59,805 x 4.4747 = 267,609 (Burkanov and Calkins 2007)
Tuleny Island, 2009: 42,200 x 4.4747 = 188,832 (Kuzin 2010)
Kuril Islands, 2006: 25,164 pups x 4.4747 = 112,601(Burkanov et al. 2007)
Bogoslof Island, 2011: 22,905 pups x 4.4747 = 102,493 (Towell et al. 2012)
San Miguel Island, 2014 (not including Castle Rock): 2,327 x 4.4747 = 10,412 (A. Orr, NMFS pers. comm.)
Farallon Islands, 2014: 656 pups x 4.4747 = 2,935 (R. Berger, Point Blue Conservation Science pers. comm.)
The global population of Northern Fur Seals is estimated to be approximately 1.29 million in 2014, a decline of approximately 658,000 since 1976. Note that this number is different than the sum of abundances given above because most were projected forward to 2014 in the model. Using the agTrend model to project the population reduction at all sites over the past three generations (1972-2014) gives an estimated reduction of 30.1% (95% CI -47.1% to 14.5%). Annual abundance estimates for the entire range do not exist as there are no consistent monitoring strategies in place. Although abundance is declining, the overall decline is not proportional across all sites. The greatest decreases are occurring in the Pribilof Islands, while populations in the Kuril Islands and Tuleny Island in Russia, and on Bogoslof Island in Alaska have increased.
The decline described above understates the total reduction of the Northern Fur Seal population in historic times. It is estimated that the population numbered up to 2.5 million animals in the 1950s, and it may have been considerably larger than that when there were many more active rookeries before the onset of human exploitation.
To date the only population viability analysis conducted for Northern Fur Seals was described in a report from the Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada (Olesiuk 2012). This analysis concluded that all subpopulations are presently secure with little risk (0.00%-0.42%) of extirpation within the next century.
|Current Population Trend:
|Additional data:
|Habitat and Ecology:
|Northern Fur Seals exhibit extreme sexual dimorphism, with adult males measuring 30-40% longer and more than 4.5 times heavier than adult females. Males can be as large as 2.1 m and 270 kg. Adult females can measure 1.5 m and 50 kg or more. Newborns weigh 5.4-6 kg, and are 60-65 cm long. Pups are blackish at birth, with variable oval areas of buff color on the sides, in the axillary area, and on the chin and sides of the muzzle. After three to four months, pups moult to the colour of adult females and subadults. Northern Fur Seals become sexually mature at three to five years old, at which time females can produce one pup each year for most of the rest of their lives (Scheffer and Wilke 1953, Scheffer 1962). Kuzin (1999) noted that at times of rapid population growth on Tuleny Island, some females were fertilized as early as age two with five year old females achieving a pregnancy rate of 80%. Gestation lasts 51 weeks, which includes a delay of implantation of 3.5-4.0 months (York and Scheffer 1997). Females may produce pups up to age 23 (Lander 1981). Males do not become physically mature, and large enough to compete for a territory that will be used by females, until they are eight to nine years old. The generation time for females is approximately 12-15 years depending on the determination methods used. Pacifici et al. (2013) estimated the generation time at 14.1 years.
Breeding on the Pribilof Islands occurs from mid-June through August, with a peak in early July (the median date in southern California is approximately two weeks earlier than at the Pribilofs). This is a highly polygynous species. Males arrive at the rookeries up to one month before females and vocalize, display, and fight to establish and maintain territories.
Northern Fur Seals usually give birth a day after arrival at the rookery. Mean time from birth to estrous is 5.3 days, followed by a departure for a mean of 8.3 days for the first feeding trip. Females breeding at the Pribilof Islands of Alaska are located relatively far from the foraging areas, which are concentrated at the edge of the continental shelf and hence females in this population consistently make longer foraging trips than most other female otariids, with a mean trip length of 6.9 days. Once foraging begins the mean depth of dives is 68 m and average duration is 2.2 minutes with maximum depth recorded of 207 m and maximum duration of 7.6 minutes. Pups are visited eight to 12 times over the lactation period and attended for a mean of 2.1 days during each visit, before being abruptly weaned at four months old.
Northern Fur Seals are one of the most pelagic pinnipeds. They spend most of the year at sea, and rarely (if ever) returning to land between one breeding season and the next. Thus, males spend an average of only 45 days ashore a year and females only 35 days a year. Once weaned, juveniles go to sea and do not haul out until they return, usually to the island of their birth, two to three years later. At sea, Northern Fur Seals are most likely to be encountered alone or in pairs, with groups of three or more being uncommon. They forage relatively far from shore, over the edge of the continental shelf and slope. Diving is concentrated around dawn and dusk. Northern Fur Seals spend quite a bit of time rafting at the surface, either asleep or grooming. Many animals, especially juveniles, migrate from the Bering Sea south to California or the waters off Japan, to spend the winter feeding. (Sterling et al. 2014).
The Northern Fur Seal diet varies by site, oceanic domain and season and includes many varieties of epipelagic and vertically-migrating mesopelagic schooling and non-schooling fish and squid. Prey species of importance in the waters off California and Washington include Anchovy, Hake, Saury, Salmon, and several species of Squid and Rockfish. On the Pribilof Islands, prey species reflect foraging patterns on and off the continental shelf. Satellite telemetry and stable isotope analysis indicate that those seals foraging on the shelf use typical on-shelf species like Walleye Pollock, Pacific Herring and gadid species while off shelf foragers included species such as myctophids. Bogoslof Island in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska is a volcanic island surrounded by deep water and the most common prey species there included Northern Smoothtongue and gonatid squid species (Zeppelin and Orr 2010).
Predators include Killer Whales, Sharks and Steller Sea Lions (Gentry 1998).
|Terrestrial; Marine
|Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat:
|Generation Length (years):
|Movement patterns:
|Not a Migrant
|Congregatory (and dispersive)
|Use and Trade:
Northern Fur Seals have a long and complex history of commercial harvesting, which began when the main breeding colonies were discovered in the late 18th century. Commercial exploitation continued through 1984, and there were many periods of decline and recovery over this long period. Numerous international treaties and agreements were put in force in efforts to manage harvests. There is currently no commercial harvesting.
Small numbers of Northern Fur Seals are taken annually by Alaska Natives in a subsistence harvest on the Pribilof Islands. For the period 1999-2014, the average annual harvest on St. Paul Island was 463 subadult males/year. Subsistence harvest has declined in recent years such that the harvest has not exceeded 400 since 2005 on St. Paul. On St. George Island an average of 218 males were taken annually between 1985 and 2012 (Angliss and Allen 2009, Allen and Angliss 2014).
|Major Threat(s):
Northern Fur Seals have one of the longest and most complex histories of commercial harvesting, which began when the main breeding colonies were discovered in the late 18th century; exploitation continued through until 1984. Numerous international treaties and agreements were put in force over time in efforts to manage this species, and they are no longer harvested commercially. Small numbers are taken annually by Alaska Natives in a subsistence harvest on the Pribilof Islands. Harvest levels are declining and are unlikely to be affecting the status of the Fur Seal population.
Northern Fur Seals compete for Walleye Pollock with one of the largest commercial fisheries world. Measurable annual mortality, especially for juveniles and subadults, is caused by entanglements in derelict and discarded fishing gear, marine debris and direct interactions with commercial fisheries. This mortality was highest during the period of active high seas drift net fishing in the North Pacific in the 1980s, but entanglement in debris is an ongoing problem. Long-term ecosystem regime change in the North Pacific and possible changes in the foraging patterns of a key predator (the Killer Whale), may be working synergistically with the fisheries related issues to cause the current population decline.
Like all fur seals, Northern Fur Seals are vulnerable to oil spills because of their dependence on their thick pelage for thermoregulation. The small colonies at San Miguel Island in the California Channel Islands and on the Farallon Island may be at greatest risk due to proximity to major harbours, shipping lanes and offshore oil extraction facilities.
The effect of global climate change on Northern Fur Seals is uncertain. However, any further negative disruption of their ecosystem should be considered a threat.
|Conservation Actions:
|Following the termination of the Interim Convention on the Conservation of the North Pacific Fur Seal in 1984, the Northern Fur Seal is now managed on land independently by the Russian Commonwealth of Independent States and the United States. The eastern north Pacific stock of the Northern Fur Seal was listed as depleted under the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act in 1988, and a final conservation plan was completed in December 2007.
Allen, B.M. and Angliss R.P. 2014. Alaska marine mammal stock assessments, 2013. U.S Department of Commerce National Marine Fisheries Service Technical Memorandum NMFSAFSC-277.
Angliss, R.P. and Allen, B.M. 2009. Alaska marine mammal stock assessments, 2008. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-193.
Burkanov, V., Altukhov, A., Andrews, R., et al. 2007. Northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) pup production in the Kuril Islands, 2005-2006. 17th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals. Cape Town, South Africa.
Burkanov, V. and Calkins, D. 2007. Overview of abundance and trends of northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) in Commander Islands, 1958-2006, caveats and conclusions. Alaska Marine Science Symposium. Anchorage, Alaska.
Dickerson, B.R., Ream, R.R., Vignieri, S.N. and Bentzen, P. 2010. Population structure as revealed by mtDNA and microsatellites in northern fur seals, Callorhinus ursinus, throughout their range. PLoS ONE 5(5): e10671.
Gentry, R. L. 1998. Behavior and ecology of the northern fur seal. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
IUCN. 2015. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015-4. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 19 November 2015).
Johnson, D.S. and Fritz, L. 2014. agTrend: a Bayesian approach for estimating trends of aggregated abundance. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 5: 1110-1115.
Kuhn, C.E., Baker, J.D., Towell, R.G. and Ream, R.R. 2014. Evidence of localized resource depletion following a natural colonization event by a large marine predator. Journal of Animal Ecology doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12202.
Kuzin, A..E. 1999. The northern fur seal. Russian Marine Mammal Council Pacific Fishery and Oceanography Research Center .
Kuzin, A.E. 2010. The intrapopulation structure of the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus L.) on Tyuleniy Island during the post-depression years (1993–2009). Russian Journal of Marine Biology 36: 507-517.
Lea, M.A., Johnson, D., Ream, R., Sterling, J., Melin, S. and Gelatt T. 2009. Extreme weather events influence dispersal of naive northern fur seals. Biological Letters 5: 252-257.
Lloyd, D.S., McRoy, C.P. and Day, R.H. 1981. Discovery of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) breeding on Bogoslof Island, Southeastern Bering Sea. Arctic 34: 316-320.
Loughlin, T.R. and Miller, R.V. 1989. Growth of the northern fur seal colony on Bogoslof Island, Alaska. Arctic 42: 368-372.
Loughlin, T.R., Antonelis, G.A., Baker, J.D., York, A.E., Fowler, C.W., DeLong, R.L. and Braham, H.W. 1994. Status of the northern fur seal population in the United States during 1992. In: E.H. Sinclair (ed.), Fur Seal Investigations, 1992. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-45:9-28.
National Marine Fisheries Service. 2007. Conservation plan for the Eastern Pacific stock of northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus). National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska.
Olesiuk, P.F. 2012. Population viability analysis for northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) in Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat Research Document 2012/041.
Pacifici, M., Santini, L., Di Marco, M., Baisero, D., Francucci, L., Grottolo Marasini, G., Visconti, P. and Rondinini, C. 2013. Generation length for mammals. Nature Conservation 5: 87–94.
Ream, R.R., Baker, J.D. and Towell, R.G. 1999. Bogoslof Island Studies, 1997. In: E.H. Sinclair and B.W. Robson (eds), Fur Seal Investigations, 1997. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-106..
Ream, R.R., Sterling, J.T. and Loughlin, T.R. 2005. Oceanographic features related to northern fur seal migratory movements. Deep-Sea Research II 52: 823-843.
Rice, D.W. 1998. Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution. Society for Marine Mammalogy, Lawrence, Kansas.
Roppel, A.Y. 1984. Management of northern fur seals on the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 1786-1981. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Report NMFS-4.
Roppel, A.Y. and Davey, S.P. 1965. Evolution of fur seal management on the Pribilof Islands. Journal of Wildlife Management 29: 448-463.
Scheffer, V.B. 1962. Pelage and surface topography of the northern fur seal. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service North American Fauna 64:206.
Scheffer, V.B. and Wilke, F. 1953. Relative growth in the northern fur seal. Growth 17: 129-145.
Sterling J.T. and Ream, R.R. 2004. At-sea behavior of juvenile male fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus). Canadian Journal of Zoology 82: 1621-1637.
Sterling, J.T., Springer, A.M., Iverson, S.J., Johnson, S.P., Pelland, N.A., Johnson D.S., Lea, M.A. and Bond, N.A. 2014. The Sun, Moon, Wind, and Biological Imperative–Shaping Contrasting Wintertime Migration and Foraging Strategies of Adult Male and Female northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus). PLoS ONE 9(4): e93068.
Towell, R. and Ream, R. 2012. 2011 northern fur seal pup production estimates on Bogoslof Island, Alaska. Memo to the record. Available at: http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/PDF/BogPupMem11_final.pdf.
Towell, R., Ream, R., Bengtson, J. and Sterling, J. 2014. 2014 northern fur seal pup production and adult male counts on the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Memo to the record. Available at: http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/PDF/2014-nfs-pup-counts-pribs.pdf.
York, A.E. and Hartley, J.R. 1981. On the estimation of numbers of northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus, pups born on St. Paul Island, 1980-86. Fishery Bulletin 85: 367-375.
York, A.E. and Scheffer, V.B. 1997. Timing of implantation in the northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus. Journal of Mammalogy 78: 675-683.
Zeppelin, T.K. and Orr, A.J. 2010. Stable isotope and scat analyses indicate diet and habitat partitioning in northern fur seals Callorhinus ursinus across the eastern Pacific. Marine Ecology Progress Series 409: 241-253.
|Gelatt, T., Ream, R. & Johnson, D. 2015. Callorhinus ursinus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T3590A45224953. . Downloaded on 27 April 2018.
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"It's a great partnership, two businesses with a lot of local pride," said Bob Boughner, Windsor Spitfires' team president.
FCA Canada and Spitfires form Memorial Cup partnership
FCA Canada and the Windsor Spitfires announced a partnership Friday that will see the company supply more than 30 new Pacifica minivans to provide transportation for Memorial Cup officials, players and teams during the tournament to be held in Windsor beginning May 19.
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subset: commoncrawl


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What a Difference
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September 2010 and the plums were ready for havesting.
These Victoria plums were absolutely delicious. This is rather a sore point, because this year there are none! We had an unusually mild spell in March 2012 and the tree was covered in blossom. The begining of April (Holy Week) saw dreadful weather with heavy falls of snow and all the blossom was destroyed.
However, as the tree has been putting no effort into producing fruit this year it has put on quite a growth spurt, so perhaps 2013 will see a heavy harvest - hope springs eternal!


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Decided: August 2, 1978.
CLARA KAZIN, PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT AND CROSS-RESPONDENT,v.MICHAEL KAZIN, DEFENDANT-RESPONDENT AND CROSS-APPELLANT
On appeal from Superior Court, Chancery Division, Union County.
Lora, Seidman and Milmed. The opinion of the court was delivered by Seidman, J.A.D.
[161 NJSuper Page 176] This appeal presents the question of whether, on the facts of this case, plaintiff, who married defendant after obtaining a Mexican divorce from her husband, is barred by existing law from maintaining an action for divorce against defendant based in part on his alleged desertion, or, in the alternative, for separate maintenance. The trial judge issued a letter opinion in which he
[161 NJSuper Page 177]
concluded that since the Mexican divorce was void, plaintiff was not entitled either to a dissolution of the purported marriage to defendant or to support from him, and judgment was entered accordingly.*fn1 He queried, however, whether "with the more liberal policy toward divorce as evidenced by the Divorce Reform Act, Justice Wachenfeld's dissent in Tonti [ v. Chadwick , 1 N.J. 531 (1949)] should now be the law."
Plaintiff married Jesse L. Liss in 1953 in Brooklyn, New York. They subsequently took up residence in this State. Four sons were born of the marriage, the eldest of whom is now about 17 years of age. By 1969 Liss had left plaintiff and was residing in New York. His requests for a divorce were refused by plaintiff. In February 1969 plaintiff met defendant who, a few months later, proposed marriage. This led to plaintiff's obtaining a Mexican divorce in circumstances that are disputed by the parties.
According to an affidavit filed by plaintiff in the proceedings below, the plan for a Mexican divorce originated with defendant. She stated that he arranged a conference in Newark at the office of his attorney, Milton Yormark, at which she was present along with defendant and Liss. She said that the lawyer assured them that a Mexican divorce would be valid. After consulting with his own attorney in New York, Liss agreed to sign all papers purportedly necessary to confer jurisdiction on the Mexican court. Defendant then made arrangements for plaintiff to go to Mexico, paying all the expenses, and he accompanied her there. A divorce decree was entered on May 27, 1969.
[161 NJSuper Page 178]
Liss filed a corroborating affidavit in which he confirmed that defendant was interested in seeing to it that there be a divorce as soon as possible. He said further that his own attorney convinced him that Mexican divorces were valid and would be recognized in this country provided that both parties appeared in the Mexican proceedings. Liss also stated that he remarried after plaintiff obtained the divorce decree.
Defendant maintained below in an affidavit that he was approached by Liss and the latter's attorney with respect to the matter and that it was Liss' attorney who made the arrangements for the Mexican divorce. He stated that he accompanied plaintiff to El Paso, and that she was then transported to Mexico, returning later the same morning after the entry of the divorce decree.
Plaintiff and defendant were married in this State on June 18, 1969. They lived together until July 1976, when defendant moved out of the marital residence. For a short time, defendant paid plaintiff $250 a week for her support. The payments were subsequently reduced and finally discontinued.
In October 1976 plaintiff instituted her action for separate maintenance and divorce. Defendant filed an answer in which, among other things, he denied that the parties were married to each other. By way of counterclaim, he sought an annulment of "the alleged marriage" on the ground that plaintiff had obtained a fraudulent Mexican divorce and that her marriage to Liss was still in full force and effect.
Subsequently, a consent order was entered permitting plaintiff to include in her answer to the counterclaim the defenses of estoppel, laches, fraud and unclean hands. Defendant was permitted therein to withdraw his counterclaim and, instead, to incorporate the allegations thereof into the affirmative defenses contained in his answer to the complaint. By another order, plaintiff was awarded pendente lite support in the sum of $155 per week.
[161 NJSuper Page 179]
It appears that counsel for both parties requested the court to decide on the basis of the pleadings and affidavits on file "whether or not defendant may raise the question of the invalidity of the Mexican divorce." The issue posed by the trial judge in his letter opinion was whether plaintiff would be "permitted a divorce with the equitable distribution and possible alimony which may follow," or whether she would "be unsuccessful because her inability to prove a valid marriage." He did not mention the alternate cause of action for separate maintenance. As indicated above, the trial judge determined that by reason of the void Mexican divorce plaintiff could not be granted the relief sought, despite a strong feeling on his part that ...
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Wednesday, May 18, 2011
Learning from Hollywood: story telling
Story telling is simply the ability to engage with an audience and draw them into a world of your own creation. It was a central topic of discussion at a recent conference I attended.
The Joan Ganz Cooney Center Leadership Forum was at the USC School of Cinematic Arts on May 16 and 17. As a writer, I'm obviously a huge believer in the power of story. What did I learn at the conference on the topic? Or, perhaps to be more precise, what was the message on weaving an effective story?
1. Engage your audience.
2. Make them think differently.
3. Customize or personalize.
4. Touch emotions; no overkill.
5. Keep the characters authentic and believable. None of us is perfect; humanize our characters' flaws and bless them with some. Certain types of people will dress, think and speak in a predictable way. Portraying them otherwise is false at best, preachy at worst.
6. Context. Always.
7. Respect your audience. Don't pander or talk down to them.
8. Immerse them in a new world that you create.
9. "Good artists borrow: great artists steal". Draw story lines from mythology or other common narratives that have crossed history and generations (the Bible, Shakespeare, coming of age...). "A myth is news that's still news".
10. Trust the audience's ability to take on something (a willful suspension of disbelief). Let them decide what they want to take in of what you provide.
11. Artistry and technology work hand in hand.
12. "Good stories are familiar with the content of our unconscious. Bad stories are too turbulent, violent or emotional".
13. Create a predicament for our character and then provide a solution.
The above draws heavily from a panel of super producers: Don Hahn, Doug Wick and Marcy Carsey.
While a list can't tell a story a conference is a dense flow of information and hard to summarize in a blog posting. Doesn't mean I shouldn't try.
But to sum, I view a story based on its outline or structure…then how does that narrative flow? The above rules provide the meat that then sits on those bones and grabs (or doesn't grab) an audience. I'll be reading The Uses of Enchantment by Bruno Bettelheim, recommended by Doug Wick.
I also wrote a related posting on my investment banking blog that covers a broader range of topics from the conference. www.ibla.us
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More on Local Issues
Statement on the 50th Anniversary of the Equal Pay Act
Congressman Donald Payne, Jr., (NJ-10) stated the following in celebration of the 50th Anniversary of the Equal Pay Act.
Rep. Donald Payne calls cuts to food assistance program 'absolutely immoral'
Political leaders from the national, state and local level stopped by New Jersey's largest food bank this afternoon to voice their opposition to a bill that would slash funding for federal programs that help feed the hungry.
Statement on the Passing of Senator Lautenberg
Congressman Donald M. Payne, Jr. (NJ-10) released the following statement following the passing of Senator Frank Lautenberg.
Payne Tours Community FoodBank of New Jersey
Congressman Donald M. Payne, Jr. toured the Community FoodBank of New Jersey (CFBNJ) with CFBNJ President & CEO Kathleen DiChiara, New Jersey State Senator Ray Lesniak, and Hillside Councilwoman Angela Garretson and stressed the need to stop cuts to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).
Congressman Payne Tours Kessler Rehabilitation Facility In West Orange
Congressman Donald M. Payne, Jr. (D-NJ-10) toured Kessler Foundation on Wednesday to learn about its rehabilitation research to improve the lives of people with disabilities.
Payne Greets President at Jersey Shore
Today, Congressman Donald M. Payne, Jr. (NJ-10) traveled to Asbury Park, New Jersey to greet President Barack Obama and survey the recovery of the Jersey Shore – an area hit hard by Hurricane Sandy.
A portrait of young artists: Congressional competition winners head to Washington
Tyler Ballon of Jersey City's Henry Snyder High School won the Congressional Art Competition for the state's 10th district. Ballon's entry, a color pencil self-portrait, is one of many the teen has drawn.
Congressman Visits Congregation
Rep. Donald M. Payne Jr. spoke at Heard A.M.E. Church on Sunday, where he was presented with a plaque in memory of his father, who represented New Jersey in Congress prior to his death last year.
More than morality or logic, technological advancements will impact and likely amend the Second Amendment's lack of most limits on firearms
Most Democrats and some Republicans in the Congress support strengthening background checks to prevent criminals and people with potentially dangerous mental illnesses from obtaining firearms. Rep. Donald Payne Jr., who represents half of Montclair, is co-sponsoring background-check legislation.
Payne co-sponsored legislation for background checks on gun purchases
U.S. Rep. Donald M. Payne, Jr. has cosponsored bipartisan legislation to help prevent guns from falling into the hands of criminals and the mentally ill. Expanding the existing background check system to cover all commercial firearm sales, H.R. 1565, the Public Safety and Second Amendment Rights Protection Act of 2013 ensures that criminals, terrorists, and the dangerously mentally ill cannot slip through background-check loopholes that endanger the safety and rights of every American.


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What's on
- This event has passed.
LGBT Age: Film Night
Tuesday, June 20, 2017 @ 17:30 - 20:30
Event Navigation
Booking essential | Contact Jean
Join us for a chilled evening! David Bowie and Catherine Deneuve star as a pair of chic, centuries-old vampires preying on New York's punk underground. Susan Sarandon plays the mortal who crosses their path, and her love scenes with Deneuve became instantly iconic with lesbian viewers around the world.


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The Shaftos
Port Elizabeth Travel Blog› entry 11 of 15 › view all entries
So having left the game park, we did a quick detour back to St Lucia to collect my mobile phone which I had accidentally left behind. Those who know me well won't be surprised by this, but I was very lucky that it had been looked after for me.
Our next stop was the Durban branch of the Shafto family, where we enjoyed visiting their house which is on a golf course. Fortunately golf balls don't fly over the fence too often, but they do have other visitors to their garden - vervet monkeys and impala. Sue Shafto took us for a tour of the estate in the golf buggy, which we enjoyed and she enjoyed pointing out the wildlife along the way.
Yet another early start as our flight left very early the next morning for Port Elizabeth.
We bypassed the PE Shaftos and headed straight to the Addo elephant park. This was much smaller than Imfolozi-H (I still can't spell it!) but had a large concentration of game, especially, of course, elephants!!! We checked in to our rest hut which surprised us by being much nicer than the last one - it even had an ensuite bathroom with hot shower. It was a log cabin with a shared kitchen. However, we decided not to use the kitchen and instead try out the Park's restaurant.
We set off into the park at the wrong time of day (mid-afternoon) so we drove round for a few hours without seeing too much initially.
We had to be out at sunset so it was back to the hut, but the next day we got up early and were rewarded by seeing a whole herd of 25 elephant come down to a waterhole to drink. The bull elephant was the last one in. We also saw a warthog head in the middle of the road but could not track the culprit - lion or leopard?
After leaving the park by our check-out time of 10am, we got to Mike & Imelda's for lunch. They lived right opposite the cricket ground so Tom was disappointed there was no match on - we timed it badly for SA vs NZ who were playing there the following week.


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The ultimate guide to buying fly veils for horses (and why we recommend 'Flyveils By Design')
With October apon us and summer looming (although with the current freezing conditions and flooding in the southern parts of the country it is hard to imagine summer!) it won't be too long before the weather starts warming up (surely!) and we will start encountering plague proportions of flies and other annoying insects, once again! Flyveils are a great investment for keeping your horse or pony comfortable and protected during summer. So here is our guide to fly veils and why they are the most essential summer item for your horse!
Why your horse needs a quality fly veil or fly mask!
Flyveils and fly masks have the number one purpose of keeping flies, mosquitoes and other little annoying bugs from attacking the delicate skin on a horses face. Insects are not just annoying to horses, but can also irritate skin around the eyes and nose, leading to infections and wounds that can clearly be painful and are often difficult to clear up.
The second purpose, is protection from harsh sunlight. It is a common misconception that only light coloured horses need to be protected from the sun due to a higher risk of sunburn. However what is really important is the colour of their skin. Any area of pink skin has a higher potential to get burnt - that's a no brainer. So if you have a horse with a pink skinned nose, it obviously needs protecting (with the use of sun cream, a flyveil or both). However even dark coloured horses, with predominantly dark skin, need sun protection too. You may not automatically think about a black horse getting skin cancer, but trust us, it can certainly happen. Years ago Sarah had a little black stock horse with black skin, and no white markings. One summer he developed a slight lump in the very corner of his eye that the flies were attacking. Assuming it was just fly irritation, we didn't think too much of it, we just wacked on a flyveil to keep the flies away. However the lump continued to get worse and grew larger, to the point where we got it checked by a vet. It turned out that the poor horse had developed a cancerous tumour in the one tiny pink bit of skin he had, in the corner of his eye. Luckily it was able to be removed and treated, and he prospered for another few years, however the advice from the vet at the time, was to always use a flyveil in summer, and since then we have and recommend others do the same.
What sort of flyveil?
Different horse owners prefer different styles of fly mask, and sometimes different types and styles will suit a particular horse. However we tend to recommend going for a mesh flyveil, that velcros on firmly, with UV protection. This is why we strongly recommend Flyveils By Design, as the mesh they use, offers 70% UV protection. This helps to prevent those nasty skin and eye cancers. We have also found that they fit well, stay on securely, fit well and last several years, even with heavy use. As an added bonus - they are Australian made, by a family run business, in regional Victoria. So it's nice to support a great local business.
Many mesh flyveils may look the same, but most importantly always pay attention to any UV ratings they come with for superior protection.
Why black is best! Does colour really matter?
Oh yes indeed colour does matter! We always strongly recommend the use of black mesh flyveils, particularly when horses are out in the paddock. Yes these days there are all sorts of pretty colours and designs, and we know everyone loves to have 'matchy matchy' gear. But have you ever stared directly in to bright sunlight, and looked through a light coloured flyveil yourself? If not - go ahead and try it! Because quite simply it is impossible to see clearly, as lighter colours reflect the light back in to your eyes and reduce your vision. Look through black mesh, and you can see much more clearly with minimal glare. So effectively, if you put a light coloured mesh flyveil on your horse in the paddock, on a sunny day, you are blinding him (or her)!
Toby can attest to this, when his family mistakenly put a beige flyveil on one of their ponies as it was all they could buy in a hurry at the local saddlery. Later that day they wondered what was wrong with the poor thing, when she was bumping in to things and was looking disorientated. They eventually figured out it was the beige flyveil - she just could not see anything through it!
Lighter colours will most definitely reduce your horses ability to see clearly. This is why we only supply our Flyveils By Design masks in black as standard order. We can of course order them in, in other colours on request, and will do so if you prefer. However black is our preference and recommendation.
Basic flyveil, nose cover or ear covers?
Whether you choose just a standard basic flyveil which simply offers eye protection, or you choose one with an extended nose flap or ear covers, depends on your particular horse. Obviously, if you have a pink nose, a nose flap is a wise move. However some horses prefer not to have the flap on, and they do get dirty and require washing, so if your horse doesn't have a pink nose, it comes down to personal preference. If you have a particularly pink and sun sensitive nose, you can also go a step further, and try one of the newer 100% blockout flyveils, by Flyveils By Design. These have a mesh nose, with white canvas sewn underneath it, which offers complete UV protection, and it is also a lot softer on the nose. You can also choose a flyveil with ear covers too, for those with lighter horses, or for those sensitive steeds who just can't tolerate flies at all. These can be special ordered via us, just email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Can you ride in a flyveil?
The simple answer, is yes you can ride in a flyveil, providing the one you use has black mesh (for clear vision), the horse is not bothered by it, and that it doesn't interfere with your bridle. But take it easy initially, and be sure to test out your horses reactions before galloping across the countryside, or flying over a jump, just in case. We have always found Flyveils By Design masks to be fine for riding in.
Flyveil safety
Always ensure your flyveil fits well and is securely fastened to reduce the chance of it getting hooked on fences or trees, from coming off when the horse rubs his head and from ending up positioned badly. Flyveils should be checked daily if possible. Many horse owners remove them at night, but it comes down to personal preference and ability, as we have found they cope quite well at night if you leave them on, so long as they are checked regularly. You may also need to clean your fly veil once a week, as eye and nose discharge, plus dust, can build up and irritate.
In the event of higher fire danger rated days, it can be a good idea to remove flyveils if possible. Many flyveils can melt on to the horse if they get trapped in a fire, which can cause serious burns and injuries. On very high fire danger days, horses are best left completely naked, with no rugs, flyveils or halters left on. It can be tricky, as on one hand you want your horse protected from sun and flies, but on the other hand, if a fire hits they are less likely to sustain injury without one. So use your best sensible judgement for each day.
So there you have it! Some important considerations when buying your next flyveil as they are definitely not all created equal. Yes, we at One Stop Horse Shop do have a strong bias towards Flyveils By Design, as we believe their product to be the best and most cost effective on the market. This post was not sponsored by them in any way either - it is based purely our own opinions and experiences.
Have we sold you? If so, we also have some of the lowest prices on Flyveils By Design masks, and we are stocked up and ready to go for the summer season. So go on, order yours today!
And as always, if you have any questions, or need help with sizing, please feel free to email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Originally posted on Pro Sports Daily | Last updated 12/5/12
After watching from the sideline during the San Francisco 49ers' first 12 games of the season, second-round pick LaMichael James is expected to make his NFL debut Sunday against the Miami Dolphins. James, who left Oregon a year early as the NCAA's active rushing leader with 5,082 yards and 53 touchdowns, has been mum on the topic, but several 49ers players tweeted about James' upcoming debut. "Happy for my bro @LaMichaelJames finally get to ball on these boys good things come with patience," tweeted rookie safety Trenton Robinson. When the team lost running back Kendall Hunter for the season with a torn Achilles on Nov. 25, many figured James would be called upon last week, but it didn't happen. Instead, Brandon Jacobs was given four carries and he responded with just six yards rushing. With Hunter sidelined, the 49ers lost their change-of-pace back -- a role that the shifty James is seemingly a better fit for than Jacobs. General manager Trent Baalke hinted that James' debut was imminent during a radio interview with 95.7 The Game in San Francisco. "It's safe to say that LaMichael is going to start getting his opportunities and confident that'll he'll make the most of them," Baalke said. James' value throughout the season has been solely on the scout team, where he's impressed several teammates. The general consensus is that James' talent was obvious, but due to the 49ers' depth at running back, the team was content bring him along slowly. During the preseason he showed he wasn't ready to contribute immediately as a punt returner and had a ways to go in learning some of the nuances of the team's pro-style offense –- particularly in pass protection. "You have to go out there and give effort, just put your head in there and see what you can do," said James, who is listed at 5-9, 195 pounds. "It's not that hard, but obviously, I'm outmanned because I'm not 230 pounds." James did not wear Reggie Bush's No. 22 in practice Wednesday, which was unusual considering James had been wearing the number of the opposing team's starting running back for most of the season. Instead, he was wearing his own jersey. Starting running back Frank Gore carried the ball 23 times against the Rams on Sunday, a season high, and was limited to less than three yards per carry. As the team tries to keep him fresh for the playoffs, it'll be imperative to find production from another running back. James also presents the ability for the 49ers to run more read-option looks with Colin Kaepernick. "Me and Kap are really close. He did some of the things I did at Oregon at Nevada," James said. "I think he's an athletic quarterback, obviously when he has the ball, he makes plays. If I get the opportunity to play with him, I think it'd be fun." The duo showed a lot of read-option plays throughout the preseason with varying levels of success.
PLAYERS: LaMichael James, Kendall Hunter, Brandon Jacobs, Reggie Bush, Frank Gore, Colin Kaepernick
TEAMS: San Francisco 49ers, Miami Dolphins
TEAMS: San Francisco 49ers, Miami Dolphins
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Discussion in 'Landscape & Cityscape' started by Soul Rebel, Mar 11, 2006.
Thanks for looking!
Nice cold series.
If you could clone out the wires in the first one
it would help, I think.
They're pretty cool shots. I agree with Bill, clone out the wires in the first shot will just finish it off nicely.
Looks cold (but serene). Good job
Separate names with a comma.


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Bid Information
Bid Alert No: 00000605920
Bid Title: CONCESSION SERVICES, KAYAK / CANOE /STANDUP PADDLE AT WEEDON ISLAND PRESERVE
Agency Bid No. Title: R-156-0410-R-0-2016/RG
Received Date: 06/21/2016
Close Date: 07/14/2016
Purchase Type: Not Stated
Delivery Point: Weedon Island Preserve
Delivery Date: Not Stated
Specifications include, but are not limited to: concession services of Kayak, Canoe, Standup Paddle at Weedon Island Preserve with the objective of providing visitors with additional passive recreational opportunities.
Bid Related DocumentsDownload Solicitation Notice
Product Code: 96115
Agency Information
Issuing Agency: County of Pinellas
State: Florida
Agency Type: State and Local
Contact: Rosa Garcia 400 S. Fort Harrison Ave., Annex Bldg., 6th Floor, Clearwater, Florida, 33756
Phone: 727-464-3148


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Manny Machado makes a great play to throw out Albert Pujols — yes, again
Stop us if you've heard this one before: Manny Machado, the Baltimore Orioles third baseman who is quite good at defense, made a highlight-worthy play to throw out Albert Pujols.
No, we're not talking about the play from Wednesday night. Machado did it again Thursday, during Baltimore's 1-0 extra-inning loss to the Angels.
He ranged to his right, falling into foul territory, then gathered himself and threw an absolute rocket to first base to get Pujols. We'll offer the same caveat as last time: Yes, Pujols isn't a very fast runner and, yes, lots of other guys would have beaten that out. But holy moly, look at that throw. It's like Machado's arm is a T-shirt gun.
Here's Machado's Wednesday night play, which is the better of the two. But as a pair they're further proof that his play at third base is special.
While throwing out Pujols from across the diamond might be like knocking out Glass Joe, you still have to give credit to the players who wow you while doing it.
More MLB coverage from Yahoo Sports:
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Mike Oz is an editor for Big League Stew on Yahoo Sports. Have a tip? Email him at firstname.lastname@example.com or follow him on Twitter! Follow @MikeOz


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CINCINNATI — Ryan Dempster suffered his first loss Monday in five decisions, 5-3 to the Reds, despite allowing only four hits while striking out seven in a six-inning outing.
"It's still a loss, that's the biggest thing," Dempster said. "I had a chance to pick some of my teammates up and make a big pitch and get out of some situations, and I didn't do it. It's frustrating. We had chances to get back in it, but unfortunately it didn't happen."


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Friday, April 3, 2009
I had been thinking optimistically about the earth's situation and how people treat the earth. I thought "people can change, all we have to do is educate them!" But looking at my boyfriend I don't know anyone will change to help mother earth. On my boyfriend's face book he has a survey and one of the questions is "causes you care about?" and he has environmentalism listed on there. When I saw this I questioned him about it because I'd never once heard him breath one word about environmentalism at that point. His argument was week and I criticized him for having that listed on there. I've always been an environmentalist at heart but in highschool I got distracted with other things and lost touch with that side of myself. But then last November I got cable and started reading more and going on line and began educating myself about the peril this is earth is in and what we can do to protect it. I've always done this but I probably do it more now but when ever I see my boyfriend wasting stuff like water, or tin foil I give him a hard time and ask him to be more conscious about it. He is a smart, educated man and should know that these things all make a difference but he seems unwilling to change. Turning the faucet off in between doing dishes is too much of a hassle for him. He knows being more environmentally conscious is really important to me yet he's unwilling to change. If he's unwilling to change, why would other people change? :( I makes me more pestemistic about the whole situation.
Posted by GreenieJoy at 4:57 PM
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Nothing beats the first fresh breaths of spring with a bottle of wine or a nice cold brew. As I walk around the neighborhoods of this area, a few in which I've lived in, I'm reminded of the many hours of porching that make up so many fond memories of the past few years. Besides Korea and since the dorms, this is the first place I've lived without a front porch. I do however, have a nice backyard and patio that suffices. There is something nostologic though about sitting on the porch, whether it's reading, sipping, bbqing, chatting...good times.
The weather has become a mega topic of conversation. With such bursts of warmth, my office has quickly transformed into a refrigerator and I long to be outside not only for the sun, but also because I find myself covered in goosebumps. Offices don't really need to be that chilly do they? I think not.
My life has been rather uneventful lately, but busy none the less. Work consumes most of my day time, and in the evenings I've been trying to stay active and motivated for this 10K that is coming. I've been slacking some, but am trying to get back on the bandwagon of working out. It's so true that getting to the gym, or even outside running, is half the battle. How true this sentiment is. Once I'm exercising, it's rare that I hate it and it's even more rare that I regret it when I'm finished. Today I had (and still have) full intentions to go for a jog, but I got home, was hot from the walk and annoyed with the brown banana's on my counter...so I decided to make banana bread, which ended up being a much longer process b/c we didn't have flour and I had already began to mix other ingredients and mash naners. Needless to say, I've been home for 2 hours and am still in my work clothes. As soon as that bread is finished, I'm outa here.


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- HubPages»
- Health»
- Mental Health»
- Emotions
Family & Friends of the Incarcerated: Our thoughts & feelings
It's not easy having a Loved One in prison!
It's not easy having a Loved One in prison. My term of "Loved One' is open to interpretation; It can mean family, friend, spouse, girlfriend/boyfriend, child, etc. My Loved One has been in jail for about 8 years now. The emotions that I have felt in that 8-year time span have varied greatly. It is normal to have different types of emotions. Trust me, you are not going crazy. However, I will admit that it was my family, a few really close friends, my fiancé, and a good therapist who helped me through it all. Do not ever be afraid to ask for help.
"This is traumatizing. I don't think I can get through this!"
The moment that I found out my Loved One had committed a crime and was in jail was devastating for me. It did not help that the way I found out was by a news program on television. Talk about traumatizing to see my Loved One on the late night news after not being able to get in touch with her for a few days. My initial reaction had been to sob uncontrollably. I couldn't stop crying and I think I cried for a few days straight. I called out of work for a couple weeks. I became socially isolated and very depressed. I didn't want to get out of bed in the morning. I felt numb and in a daze. I felt like it was all a bad dream and I was going to wake up. Unfortunately, it wasn't a nightmare and there were a lot of things that I had to take care of. My depression immobilized me in multiple ways and made it impossible to keep good on promises I had made and things that I had to get done. I remember thinking to myself, "It's almost like she died. I can't talk to her or see her when I want to".
It is common to feel this way at first because having someone go to jail is a big shock. If you don't feel this way at first, you are not abnormal. It takes some people a while to feel these emotions. Some people are "numb" right away. Some people get angry. Anger was my 2nd emotion.
"It is so weird visiting my Loved One in jail"
Within the first week of my Loved One going to jail, I visited her with another family member. I didn't know what I was getting myself into, so I prepared by going on the jail's website. I wasn't aware that there were so many rules and regulations, especially regarding the dress code. I remember feeling extremely uncomfortable. I had always felt so comfortable in the presence of this Loved One so it was strange to me that I was having severe anxiety/panic upon visiting her. There were a lot of things that I had to talk to her about but it was weird having almost 100 other inmates and their visitors sitting around me. I had maintained a straight face during that first visit but I cried for a long time when I went home.
My depressive thoughts and feelings remained for a long time. Sometimes, they still creep up on me. Do not judge yourself regarding these feelings. You may recover quickly or end up feeling depressed for months, or even years. If this is the case, seek help by a professional. You do not need to suffer alone.
"I'm Angry!"
The second powerful emotion I felt was anger. I started analyzing every detail of what had led her to go into prison. I started critiquing her decisions and "mistakes". I know it wasn't fair of me to do this, but I was angry. I kept these feelings to myself and didn't tell her this though. I didn't want to make her upset. I knew she was going through a lot. But I was mad: mad that she wasn't going to be at my wedding (unless I postponed it until she got out, or just eloped.......BTW, I have yet to get married as of this date), mad that she might not be there when I get pregnant and have a baby (yet to happen as well), mad that she was going to miss my graduation ceremony from Graduate School, and mad at multiple other life events that she was going to miss. Even just mad that I wasn't going to see her on holidays and birthdays. I was mainly angry because I felt like she could have avoided this whole entire mess. And she was ALIVE, not dead, and I couldn't even see her. It was so frustrating to me.
This emotion may last for a short time or a long time. Allow yourself to feel the anger. Anger is a normal emotion, even though some people like to say that it is not. Anger can just become dangerous when you turn it into aggression. You have to let out your anger in effective and healthy ways. Again, this may be the first emotion that you feel (not depression). However, keep in mind that sometimes anger can mask sadness/depression. Talk to a therapist or other professional, if you like, to determine if you are having trouble expressing your true feelings.
"I'm used to this. I'm even okay with this"
It took me a long time to get out of the depressive and anger stages. Again, it's important to note that sometimes the depression and anger still creep up on me. I don't judge myself for having these thoughts and feelings. After the majority of anger subsided, I started to feel "okay" with my Loved One being in prison. After years of her being in there, it started to become normal. I started to open up to other people about my situation; I didn't feel ashamed or embarrassed. These feelings lasted for quite some time, up until recently.
"She's probably coming out soon. Now what"??
My Loved One was in jail for so long that it became "normal" to me. She is up for parole sometime this year. My Loved One seems to think that she will not get parole on the first try. It is definitely a possibility, and most likely, that she will not get accepted on the first go. Even if not, she will be up for parole again next year. This has had me thinking so many different things: "Things are different now in my life", "She has missed so much", "Where will she live", "Will she be okay", etc. etc. I have noticed an increase in my anxiety level. I like to be in control and when I can't be in control in a situation I get anxious. This is one of those situations where there is not much I can do. I can not wait for her to get out of prison and start her life fresh. But at the same time, I'm scared of all the unknowns.
You will most likely feel anxious and scared for similar reasons. I think the anxiety and fear increases with each passing year that the Loved One is in jail. For extremely short jail terms, these emotions may not be severe or even present at all because perhaps not much has changed while they were away. But for longer jail terms, these Loved Ones really have to start their whole life over again. And they are scared too. We may feel pressure to do everything we can to help. But it's important to take care of ourselves too.
For anyone reading this article who has a Loved One in jail, I know what you are going through. I sincerely hope that everything turns out well for you. It has for me (so far) so I hope that helps. It's good to know that you are not alone.......there are people who understand. Good Luck!! :-)
Read my other useful hub on this topic:
- What To Do When Someone You Love Goes To Jail
Having a loved one enter the prison system can be extremely stressful. It's hard losing someone, even when they're still alive. There are strict rules & guidelines around visitation, especially regarding dress code. Your loved one may need you to
Thank you for this article. My Son just started his prison sentence this week. It hurts beyond belief. I am devastated with the fact that he will be locked up. He is still so naive and vulnerable and that scares me and I fear for his safety. I am trying to be strong for the rest of my family because I do not want to deprive them or punish them for his mistakes, but it feels so incredibly hard snap out of these feelings. I pray that his time will pass by quickly and I can talk of this nightmare as a past experience. For now I need to find a way. Thank you again for your article. It has helped


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28th December - 31st December 2015
Starting with some Apti-style drop-unders working on our speed coordination under the bar, then some heavy pulls to work our shapes off the floor. Then making sure we're still using our leg drive from more limited positions and getting right into the hip with cleans from the mid-thigh, with squat jerks to challenge our mobility and continue the Apti theme. Then some conditioning for the core, back and shoulders.
First working our strength stretching through the core with some standing Snatch curls, then a favourite working some Klokov rows for upper body conditioning, then a Snatch Balance/Snap Under combo to challenge our confidence and strength receiving the bar, then we work our postural strength with some heavy Snatch Pulls and Snatch from mid-shin - this one should be a fun challenge! Finishing off with some max-rep military press - see how many reps you can get!
Roll unders to start with to build some conditioning in the turnover, keeping these ones slow with a pause at the sternum to check our positions before moving under the bar, then some heavy heave Jerks from the rack to focus on our posture and strength in the drive phase, then another challenging combo of Clean, Front Squat and Jerk to encourage us to be efficient in the clean, and pre-fatigue the legs for the Jerk encouraging us to commit to the shapes we developed in the warm up exercises. Finishing up with some back and chest conditioning.
A last chance to test ourselves for 2015! Bulgarian style Snatch and Clean and Jerk, with a bit of priming work in the form of Muscular Snatch to work our timing through the hip, and some Clean pulls working on speed past the knee and leg drive. Crack on! See if you can finish the year on some new numbers!
Secret Sundays Mobility + Open Gym, great preparation for the New Year or recovery from your New Years'! Or a chance to get the lift you missed on Thursday in an Open Gym session ;-)
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Mike Causer - Head Coach
September 2017


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We had Taco Night the other evening and I'm still thinking about it. On one hand, my gratuitous fanboyism for corn didn't hurt. On the other hand, corn was the limiting factor preventing my enjoyment of the meal from slipping into utter adoration.
I'll explain.
Firm corn tortillas can go and fuck themselves. I've said and I'll fervently stand by it. They're a disaster waiting to happen. Do you know anyone who can eat firm corn tacos without making a mess? They're the kind of people who get straight A's throughout schooling, dominate sports and play 12 instruments. They're irritatingly perfect plastic people and they go on to be utterly successful in life. In short, if you can eat tacos neatly you're infuriating and maybe can you restructure my life in some sweeping pygmalion makeover? Please and thank you.
There's no winning with a firm corn taco. Bite the thing up top and the two dimetrodon style spines will snap in twain, causing fillings to tumble everywhere. You can crunch down the bottom, the sturdiest part of the structure. Inevitably though, that leads to a cascade of upper toppings making acquaintances with your eyes. You can try to split the difference and go for the median, but being one degree off will lead to utter ruin. Furthermore, you can't even hold a taco flat. Otherwise any fluctuations can cause meat juices to slide back to the plate. So you have to angle it like a slide towards your gaping maw, causing you to tilt your head like you're drinking from one of those school fountains.
Then there's the distribution issue. If it were an item that fit neatly into your mouth, there wouldn't be an issue. Burritos being case in point. You lie everything side by side and the meal is hunky dory. With a taco, because of the aforementioned structural weakness you need to eat procedurally. Bottom, then middle, then top. Is that how you construct a taco though? NO. You do layers from the bottom to top. You have your meat/beans, then cheese, then tomato, then lettuce. This means you can't get a bite of all flavours running naturally together. It's like having a salad, but segmenting everything out and eating from each section one after another. What kind of sociopath does that? Look, this dude may be talking about a burrito, but the notion is the same.
Flour tortillas? You get a pass. You're soft enough to not suffer the structural issues of your fuck up (but still terrifyingly common) brother.
Also we made mexican beans. They were super easy and crazy delicious. The next time I have a taco night you're invited, you fetching fibrous fellows. Flour tortillas can come too. Corn tacos once again can stay home and go fuck themselves. Stick to the cobs, you non-miraculous fucks.


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AFTER a few weeks M.I.A. I'm back reviewing the NBA and what has happened in the past seven days that impacted your fantasy teams. If you have a question you want answered or a topic you want covered be sure to post your message in the comments below!
– THE closer we get to All Star break, the closer we are getting to seeing Khris Middleton retake the court. The Bucks swingman who is owned in less than a quarter of teams has missed all year so far, but is participating in full contact workouts and is hoping to eager to resume playing. The Giannis Antetokounmpo emergence may hamper his impact though so proceed accordingly. If you need to win remaining games for a playoff spot he may not be the smartest move, but if you have a berth sewn up he is good enough to stash on your bench in the hope that he will recapture his form from last season when fully healthy.
Image from hoopshabit.com
– AT 11-30 at the halfway mark of the season I ripped into the Miami Heat for their struggles. Fast forward two weeks and Miami are on a nine game winning streak and all of a sudden eyeing a potential playoff spot. Dwyane Wade, I mean Dion Waiters has been a big reason for the win streak. Over the past nine games Waiters is putting up 21.6 PPG, 4.6 RPG and 4.7 APG and in the process become the hottest waiver wire addition. He still is only owned in a tick over 50% of teams, so snap him up while he's hot.
– THERE hasn't been a lot for the Dallas Mavericks to cheer about this year, with injuries ravaging the team. With injuries though come opportunity, and those opportunities have been seized by Seth Curry and Yogi Ferrell. Curry has topped 20 points in three of his last five and regularly chips in across the board statistically. Ferrell has gone from literally an unknown/unowned prospect to a double digit scorer and like Curry can contribute steals, rebounds and assists too. Curry is a more consistent and established pick, but both are serviceable additions while Deron Williams and J.J. Barea remain out.
Image from sportsday.dallasnews.com
– EVERYDAY we hear a near rumour surrounding a Carmelo Anthony trade. Personally I think he will find his way onto the Clippers, but what impact would a trade have on his fantasy numbers? Personally I think moving to the Clippers or Boston (the two most likely destinations) wouldn't impact his numbers. If he joined either squad his scoring might even gain a slight bump. Isaiah needs a sidekick and Chris Paul is till out for LA which means more shots for Melo in the immediate future. Stay tuned.
INJURY NEWS – Enes Kanter punched a chair and fractured his arm earlier this week. That was not a typo, the Thunder big man is out for an extended period of time thanks to his brain fart. Kevin Love, DeMar DeRozan, Derrick Favours and Will Barton are the most relevant names who have missed some time in the past week/fortnight. Although a return seems like it will be sooner rather than later (if they aren't back already) for those four, monitor their individual situations to find out when they are due back for your squads. Avery Bradley is still out with an achilles issue and is expected to miss at least another week of games. He could be a potential buy-low target from a trigger happy owner.


text: Place the Macaroni in a large saucepan, cover in water and boil until al dente Drain the macaroni, keeping 150ml of liquid to one side Place the liquid in a clean saucepan and add the cream cheese Over a medium heat stir continuously until it has melted Chop the Taleggio into chunks and add to the liquid Continue to stir until melted In a seperate frying pan fry off the pancetta pieces Add the juice of the lemon to the cheese mixture and stir through Add the pasta, parsley and pancetta to the cheese mixture and stir Pour the mixture into an overproof dish and sprinkle with parmesan Bake for around 25minutes until golden a 200 degrees Pancetta can be cooked in advance Please note: this recipe has been created and uploaded by a member of the Tesco Real Food online community. Tesco does not test customer recipes so cannot accept responsibility for the content, validate the results or answer queries regarding them. Textingredients Email recipe details Print recipe


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Pickens v. Jackson et al
Filing 298
ORDER re 296 Motion for Reimbursement of Out-Of-Pocket Expenses, the Clerk is directed to disperse money from the Library Fund in the amount of $4,819.92 and distribute it to the named applicant. Signed by Judge J. Leon Holmes on 9/12/12. (vjt)
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.


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8 Things A Real Man Will Never Say To His Wife No Matter What Happens
A man acts differently when he is in love with his wife. Everything changes: what he thinks about, how he spends his time and what he says. His thoughts, actions, desires and words center around building up the woman he loves.
A husband like this never says the following eight things to his wife. If he does, then he doesn't truly love his girl.
1. "You need to change."
It's normal for both women and men to want to be their best selves for their partners. But it is grotesquely wrong to think a woman has to transform herself into a different person to please her husband. This goes against everything a marriage is.
If a man can't love his wife for whom she is, then he'll never be satisfied with her when and if she does change.
2. "You just don't get me anymore."
A husband who says this is far from feeling true love for his wife. Instead, he feels disconnected from her. If he did love her, then he would try to better explain his feelings instead of just assume she doesn't care or understand.
3. "You would be more attractive if you … "
Women don't exist to please men, and no man who truly loves his wife would ever say something like this to her. Even if his intentions are good, telling a woman to do her hair like this, wear this outfit, lose this much weight and so on destroys her soul and crushes her self-esteem like nothing else.
Sure, a good husband can respectfully give his honest opinion when his wife asks what he thinks about her appearance. But he should never attack her physicality or objectify her.
4."You aren't enough for me. I deserve better."
No woman will ever be good enough for the husband who says this. And to any wife who hears this toxic phrase leave her husband's lips, YOU DESERVE BETTER.
A man who says this isn't in love and has no concept whatsoever of what love is. True love isn't always looking for the next best thing; it's loving the person you chose to be with and helping them reach their fullest potential.
5. "Why can't you be more like her?"
Any husband who says this has clearly fallen out of love. This hurtful question shows he is paying more attention to other women than he is his wife.
And it only gets worse. Not only is he paying more attention to other women, but he's also fantasizing about them to some degree. He does this by wishing his wife would emulate certain qualities he finds appealing in other women.
6. "You're overreacting."
The twin and equally hurtful sister of this comment is, "You're being overly sensitive."
If a man truly loves his wife, then what's a big deal to her will be a big deal to him. He won't criticize, diminish or brush off the way she feels or reacts to something just because he feels differently about it.
7. "You're holding me back."
This is a poisonous phrase a man truly in love would never say to his wife. If he loves her, then he would never imagine going forward in life without her.
He would also recognize how she helps him be better and how only he holds himself back by choosing to not love her.
8. "I just can't deal with all of this right now."
No relationship is perfect, but a man who refuses to deal with the struggles of marriage (no matter how big or small they may be) isn't fully committed.
Husbands who use this phrase are really implying that they're looking for an escape – an easier way out – because they aren't willing to fight and sacrifice for the woman who they supposedly love.


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Physicians compliance during maintenance therapy in children with Down syndrome and acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- Authors:
- 10.1038/leu.2012.325
- Abstract:
- Children with Down syndrome (DS) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have an inferior prognosis compared with non-DS ALL patients. We reviewed methotrexate (MTX)/mercaptopurine (6MP) maintenance therapy data for children with DS treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL92 or the NOPHO ALL2000 protocols between 1992 and 2007. The 5-year event-free survival probability (pEFS(5 yr)) for the 66 DS patients was inferior to the 2602 non-DS patients (0.50 ± 0.07 vs 0.77 ± 0.01 (P<0.001)). The 48 DS patients in first remission at the beginning of maintenance therapy had pEFS(10 yr) below that of the 522 non-DS control patients (pEFS(10 yr): 0.58 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43-0.77) vs 0.83 (95% CI 0.80-0.86), respectively (P<0.0001)). The DS patients received lower median doses of MTX (median: 11.8 vs 15.4 (P<0.0001)) and 6MP (median: 43.6 vs 59.4 (P<0.0001)). In Cox regression analysis, male gender, presence of DS and high median maintenance therapy white blood cell levels (mWBC) were associated with increased risk for relapse. DS-ALL patients with mWBC above or below 3.5 × 10(9)/l (protocol target) had pEFS(10 yr) of 0.31 and 0.72 (P=0.02), and the mWBC hazard ratio for DS-ALL patients was 2.0 (P<0.0005). We conclude that insufficient treatment intensity during maintenance therapy of DS-ALL patients may contribute to their poor prognosis.
- Type:
- Journal article
- Language:
- English
- Published in:
- Leukemia, 2013, Vol 27, Issue 4, p. 866-70
- Keywords:
- Child; Child, Preschool; Down Syndrome; Female; Guideline Adherence; Humans; Male; Physician's Practice Patterns; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Main Research Area:
- Science/technology
- Publication Status:
- Published
- Review type:
- Peer Review
- Submission year:
- 2013
- Scientific Level:
- Scientific
- 240617020


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Nuclear Seminar: What is time, and how do you know?
03/30/2017 - 2:00pm to 3:00pm
Speaker(s) / Presenter(s):
Gretchen Phelps, Kirtland Airforce Base
Many of the Air Force Research Laboratory's experimental efforts are focused on precision navigation and timing. The establishment and testing of an optical frequency standard is useful for numerous terrestrial and space based applications. Therefore, an optical atomic clock based upon a 778 nm two-photon transition in rubidium, is an excellent candidate to meet GPS-III frequency stability requirements, as commercial off-the-shelf components allow for a simple set-up that supports 7 x 10-13 at 1 second.
Type of Event (for grouping events):


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About Us
Being a professionally managed organization, we, Bonnafide Chemicals, boast of a team of highly qualified professionals and trained workforce. They are experienced enough to efficiently handle the bulk orders, even within the shortest possible lead time, strictly within the scheduled delivery time. This has lead us to build a strong relationship with the customers. We commenced our business operation in the year 2007, to provide end-to-end efficient solutions to our client's water & waste water treatment requirements, ranging from conventional clarification & filtration systems to different membrane based systems.
Apart from being engaged in Boiling Water Treatment, Cooling Water Treatment and Multifunctional Treatment Plants, we are also known as a renowned manufacturer, exporter, supplier, trading company, wholesaler/distributor and sevice provider of various industrial chemicals. Our product range includes Caustic Soda Flakes, Formic Acid, Oxalic Acid, Activated Carbon Filter, Biocide, DM Plant, Domestic Water and many more.
Apart from manufacturing, we also provide after sale services to our clients. We provide complete technical support, right from installation to repair and maintenance of the plants and machines.