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This comes and goes throughout the night, and makes up about one
fifth of your sleep. The brain is very active, your eyes
move quickly from side to side and you
dream. Although your brain is active, your muscles
are very relaxed.
Your brain is quiet - you are still unconscious - but
your body moves around more. Hormones are released into the
bloodstream and your body repairs itself after the wear and
tear of the day. There are 3 stages of non-REM sleep:
This can be very dangerous if you are driving or operating heavy
machinery. Many people are killed each year when they
fall asleep while driving.
You may feel that you aren't getting enough sleep or that, even
if you do get the hours, you just aren't getting a good night's
More serious reasons include:
People have used sleeping tablets for many years, but we now
know that they:
There are some newer sleeping tablets (Zolpidem, Zaleplon and
Zopiclone), but these seem to have many of the same drawbacks as
the older drugs, such as Nitrazepam, Temazepam and Diazepam.
Sleeping tablets should only be used for short periods (less
than 2 weeks) - for instance, if you are so distressed that you
cannot sleep at all.
If you have been on sleeping tablets for a long time, it is best
to cut down the dose slowly after discussing it with your
In some cases, antidepressant tablets can be helpful.
Melatonin is a naturally occurring hormone that can help
insomnia. At present, in the UK, it is only licensed for treating
sleeplessness in those aged over 55. It should not be taken for
more than 3 weeks, and should not be used if you have liver or
kidney problems. It can make you drowsy and, occasionally, can
You can buy sleeping remedies at your chemist without a
prescription. They often contain an anti-histamine, like you find
in medicines for hay-fever, coughs and colds. These do work, but
they can make you sleepy well into the next morning. If you do use
them, take the warnings seriously and don't drive or operate heavy
machinery the next day. Another problem is tolerance - as your body
gets used to the substance, you need to take more and more to get
the same effect. It is best not to take anti-histamines for a long
You may have to work at night, staying awake when
you would normally be asleep. If you only have to do this
occasionally, it's quite easy to adjust. It is much harder to cope
with if you do it regularly. Shift workers, doctors and nurses
working all night or nursing mothers may all find that they sleep
at times when they ought to be awake. It's like jet lag where rapid
travel between time zones means that you are awake when everybody
else is asleep.
A parent's disturbed sleep usually ends as
their child becomes more settled at night. Shift work, on the other
hand, can go on for years. You may need to do it, to earn a living,
At some point in their life, about 1 in 20 adults have night
terrors, and 1 in 100 report that they sleep-walk. Both these
conditions are more common in
Sleepwalking: when you
sleepwalk, you appear (to other people) to wake from a deep
sleep. You then get up and do things. These may be quite
complicated, like walking around or going up and down stairs. This
can land you in embarrassing (and occasionally dangerous)
situations. Unless someone else wakes you up, you won't remember
anything about it. Sleepwalking sometimes happens after a night
terror (see below). If your sleep is broken or you aren't
getting sleep, you are more likely to sleepwalk.
Some people with autism do not seem to realise that night time
is for sleeping, and may be up and about when everyone else wants
to sleep. This will usually need the help of a specialist.
REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder
A person will start thrashing about during REM or dream sleep,
as though responding to a dream. They may punch, kick, shout, or
jump out of bed. Quite often, the person will wake and be able to
remember the dream that prompted their physical reactions. Someone
sharing the same bed can be disturbed and, sometimes, injured.
The problem seems to be that, unlike normal REM sleep where the
muscles are relaxed, in RBD they are not. It can happen on its own
or it can be a symptom of a neurological illness, so it's best to
be assessed by a specialist.
Well Agency: Books on PrescriptionReading Well Books on
Prescription helps you manage your well-being using self-help
reading. The scheme is endorsed by health professionals, including
the Royal College of Psychiatrists, and is supported by public
Coping with Shift
Work: UCLA Sleep Disorders Centre
Association of Psychopharmacology consensus statementon
evidence-based treatmenr of insomnia, parasomnias and circadian
rhythms disorder (2010) Journal of
Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2010): Insomnia - newer
hypnotic drugs: Zaleplon, zolpidem and zopiclone for the management
of insomnia
National Institute for
Health and Care Excellence (2011): Sleep apnoea - continuous
positive airway pressure (CPA).
Esquirol Y, Bongard V, Mabile L, Jonnier B,
Soulat JM, Perret B. Shift work and metabolic syndrome: respective
impacts of job strain, physical activity, and dietary rhythms.
Chronobiol Int. 2009 Apr;26(3):544-59.
Falloon K, Arroll B, Elley CR, and Fernando A (2011) The
assessment and management of insomnia in primary care, British
Medical Journal, 342, 1251-1255.
Johanssen K et al (2011): Longer term effects of very low energy
diet on obstructive sleep apnoea in a cohort derived from a
randomised controlled trial: prospective observational follow-up
study. British Medical Journal, 342, 1248.
Shift work and vascular events: systematic
review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2012;345:e4800.
This leaflet was produced by the Royal College of Psychiatrists'
Public Education Editorial Board.
Series Editor: Dr Philip Timms
Expert review: Professor A J Williams, Lane-Fox Respiratory Unit
and Sleep Disorder Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London.
This leaflet reflects the best available evidence available at
the time of writing.
© Ilustration by Lo Cole: www.locole.co.uk/
© Updated: September 2015. Due for review:
September 2018. The Royal College of
This leaflet may be downloaded, printed out, photocopied and
distributed free of charge as long
as the Royal College of Psychiatrists is properly credited
and no profit is gained from its use. Permission to reproduce it in
any other way must be obtained from firstname.lastname@example.com.
The College does not allow reposting of its leaflets on other
sites, but allows them to be linked to directly.
For a catalogue of public education materials
or copies of our leaflets contact: Leaflets Department, The
Royal College of Psychiatrists, 21 Prescot Street, London
Telephone: 020 3701 2552. or
email: email@example.com
Charity registration number (England and Wales) 228636 and in
Scotland SC038369.
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UCL Faculty of Social & Historical Sciences
Departments & Centres
The Faculty of Social and Historical Sciences is divided into Departments and Centres.
A full list of these is available in the boxes below.
Centres and Institutes
- Constitution
- Environment Institute
- Centre for Digital Anthropology
- Institute for Subjectivity and the Cultural Imagination
- Laboratory for the Ethnography of the UK
- Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice
- Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration
- Centre for the Evaluation of Development Policies
- Centre for Microeconomic Analysis of Public Policy
- NORFACE Research Programme on Migration
- Employment Migration and Social Justice
- Centre for Transnational History
- Centre for Medieval & Renaissance Studies
- Centre for Research on the Dynamics of Civilisation (CREDOC)
- China Centre for Health & Humanity
- International Centre for Chinese Heritage and Archaeology
- Centre for Applied Archaeology
- Centre for Museums, Heritage and Material Culture Studies
- Centre for Audio-Visual Study and Practice in Archaeology
- Environmental Change Research Centre
- Climate and Water Research Unit
- Coastal and Estuarine Research Centre
- The Equiano Centre
- Migration Research Unit
- Urban Lab
- Centre for Terrestrial Carbon Dynamics

subset: commoncrawl


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RALEIGH � Havelock coach Jim Bob Bryant is always quick to praise his assistant coaches for the team�s success.
RALEIGH � Havelock coach Jim Bob Bryant is always quick to praise his assistant coaches for the team�s success.
For Bryant, Saturday�s state championship game will be his fifth as a head coach or an assistant.
The biggest thrill for him is watching his players� expressions as they walk into a college stadium.
�We have some freshmen that haven�t experienced this yet,� Bryant said at Monday�s state championship press conference in Raleigh. �It�s going to fun to look into their eyes when we walk into the stadium. When they see the seats and see the jumbotron, it will be fun to see their faces.�
The Rams will look to defend their 3-A state title at 3 p.m. on Saturday against Concord at BB&T Field in Winston-Salem.
Havelock defeated West Rowan, 38-6, last season to claim its first state championship since 1971.
�It�s an honor to be playing in the state championship game,� Bryant said. �Having an opportunity to play for two in two years is a big deal for our community, kids and coaches.�
Taking in the moment
Bryant mingled with other coaches, received instruction from the North Carolina High School Athletic Association staff, and received a plaque and commemorative football for reach the state finals.
The Rams, who beat Orange 42-7 last week, has advanced to at least the 3-A Eastern Finals the past four season.
Bryant is hoping experience pays off against Concord, which was state champion in 2006.
�It helps us a lot by knowing the logistics of how much time we have on the field and how they shuttle us in and out,� he said. �That was kind of confusing last year.
�Now we have that year under our belts, so we know what to expect.�
Bryant said the Rams will practice at their usual times Tuesday and Wednesday, then practice at East Carolina on Thursday and have a walk through at Duke University on Friday.
The Rams have seven Division I college football commits. Concord doesn�t have any.
Havelock�s senior quarterback Pharoh Cooper has 2,798 passing yards and 1,174 rushing yards. Junior running back Derrell Scott has a team-best 1,616 rushing yards and 32 touchdowns.
�They�ve been here and they�ve won it all,� said Concord coach Glen Padgett. �Our kids know that it�s going to take an unbelievable effort on Saturday afternoon. We are excited to play them and the challenges that come with that.�
Skillful Spiders
Concord (13-2), the No. 2 seed from the West, beat Freedom, 27-20, last week. The Spiders finished the regular season by losing two of their final four games.
Senior quarterback B.J. Beecher has been starting for four years on varsity. He has nearly 3,800 yards with 47 touchdown passes.
�He is the prototypical pocket-passer,� Padgett said. �He�s thrown for 3,800 yards and 48 touchdowns. Those are phenomenal stats for a high school kid.�
Concord wide receiver Alex Asbury has 1,429 yards and 15 touchdowns. Running back Rocky Reid has nearly 1,500 rushing yards.
�Most people probably look at us as the underdog in the game,� Padgett said. �(Havelock) is the defending state champion and have been ranked high in 3-A all year. They have game-breakers all over the place. We need to take advantage of any mistakes that they make.�
Craven County dominance
Second-ranked Havelock�s lone loss on the season was a one-point defeat to New Bern, 34-33. Both Craven County schools are vying for a state championship.
�It�s speaks to the caliber of football we have in Craven County,� Bryant said. �Probably one of the best games of the year, regardless of classification, was us and New Bern in the second game of the year.
�New Bern has a great football program. Our kids and their kids respect each other on the field. They want to kick each others teeth in on Fridays, but we respect how good of a football program that New Bern has, and I believe they respect how good of a football program we have.�
Adam Thompson can be reached at 252-635-5669 or at email@example.com. Follow Adam on Twitter @Adam_matic.


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SAPPHIRE HD 7750 ULTIMATE Review
A passively cooled video card is something you usually don't see these days. However, in the past Sapphire has kept HTPC users happy with the "ULTIMATE" lineup of passively cooled video cards. This line features lower end cards, which are usually perfect for the HTPC. These cards, despite being on the lower end of the performance spectrum, are perfect for HTPCs. Because they operate without a fan, obviously, the card is completely quiet. There is nothing worse than hearing the whirl of a fan spinning over your movies! Sapphire has continued its "ULTIMATE" lineup, with a card from AMD's 77XX series, the HD 7750 ULTIMATE.
As with previous generations of the ULTIMATE series, the HD 7750 ULTIMATE is equipped with a completely passive cooler. This feature makes the card a great choice to be used in an HTPC, or any machine needing a quiet GPU solution. Unfortunately, the passive cooler will cost you an extra $20 on top of what a normal HD 7750 would cost. Other than that, you can expect the same from the Sapphire HD 7750 Ultimate, as you would from any of the Cape Verde HD 7750 cards. Will this passively cooled card be perfect for light gaming machines and HTPCs, or will the $129 price tag prove to be $20 to much? Let's get it unboxed and find out!
Closer Look
As usual, the Sapphire HD 7750 ULTIMATE's packaging comes equipped with a few images of Sapphire's sword wielding female mascot. The box uses a familiar blue and black color scheme and features the card's full name, as well as a few specifications, across the front. The rear end of the box features a more detailed debriefing of the card's specifications and features, as well as a list of some of the awards Sapphire video cards have won. The sides of the box feature the Sapphire logo, as well as more specifications for the HD 7750 ULTIMATE.
Opening up the card's packaging reveals an inner, biodegradable cardboard box. Opening this up reveals a few of the card's included accessories, sitting on top of the card itself. Removing these reveals the HD 7750 ULTIMATE wrapped in an antistatic bag and safely incased in foam. Included with the card was a users guide, an owner's manual, and a drivers CD. Sapphire was also awesome enough to include a DisplayPort cable, along with the usual DVI to VGA adapter!
Now that we've got the card unpacked, let's take a look at the card itself!


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Tour: Mangrove Wilderness Tour edit
December 08, 2018 at 3:00pm
This tour goes through the dense swampy part of the Everglades like you have always imagined and the water here is brackish. You have a good chance to see the alligator, raccoons, bob cat, mangrove fox squirrel and a variety of bird life including the mangrove cuckoo.
This tour winds and twists through a tunnel of mangroves where the sun has trouble peaking through as your park trained naturalist explains all that you are seeing.
Because this is a small six passenger boat there are no refunds for any tickets, so plan wisely because it stays booked. We leave close enough in time that if there is more than six you will be right behind each other.


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Section 5 Swimming and Diving inducted its 2013 Hall of Fame class.
The Section 5 Swimming and Diving Hall of Fame inducted 12 new members in a ceremony on Friday, Aug. 16 at the Burgundy Basin Inn.
The inductees are Jeff Bagshaw, Nathan French, Debbie Reed, Lance Brennan, Troy Milne, Jennifer Lyons Worrall, Erin McGraw, Dr. Marjorie Carges Nasin, Lindsay Henahan, Aaron Swartzman, Holly Williams Wallace and Mike Morris.
Jeff Bagshaw, a 1992 Pittsford Mendon graduate, was one of the top sprint freestylers in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He received All-American honors twice and was a state champion in the 100 freestyle in 1979. He still holds Pittsford's 100 freestyle record. He received a scholarship to the University of Tennessee.
Nathan French, a 2008 Pittsford Mendon graduate, was one of Section 5's premier distance freestylers of the 2000s. He won eight Section 5 titles and two state championships, and received All-American honors twice. French swam for Duke University.
Debbie Reed, a 1987 Honeoye Falls-Lima graduate, was a four-time Section 5 Class B Champion, winning the 200 and 500 in 1985 and 1986. She won a state title in the 500 as well. Reed still holds the school's 500 record. Reed received a full scholarship to Virginia Commonwealth University.
Lance Brennan, a 1990 Greece Arcadia graduate, was one of the top sprinters of the mid to late 1970s. He was a seven-time Section 5 Class A Champion and received All-American honors seven times. Brennan led the Greece swim team to an undefeated season and the team championship at the New York State Championships. He went on to swim for St. Bonaventure University.
Troy Milne, a 1985 Greece Arcadia graduate, received All-American honors five times. He won three Section 5 Class A championships in his career. Milne was a member of the 200 medley relay that won a state championship. He went on to swim for Clemson University.
Jennifer Lyons Worrall, a 1989 Fairport graduate, received All-American honors five times in her career. She won two state championships as a member of the 200 medley relay in 1987 and 1988. She was the first female in Section 5 to swim a time under 1:00 in the 100 backstroke. Worrall went on to swim for the University of Connecticut.
Erin McGraw, a 2007 Fairport graduate, was one of the most versatile swimmers in Section 5 history. She achieved the qualifying time for the state meet in every swimming event in the same season. McGraw won 15 Section 5 Class A titles. She went on to swim for Colgate University.
Dr. Marjorie Carges Nasin, a 1990 Irondequoit graduate, was one of the premier divers of the mid to late 1980s. She was a two-time state champion (1988 and 1989) and a five-time Section 5 Class A diving champion. Nasin went on to attend Brown University.
Lindsay Henahan, a 1999 Irondequoit graduate, was a six-time Section 5 Class A Champion. She received All-American honors in the 100 butterfly twice. Henahan held the Section 5 Class A meet record in the 100 butterfly from 1997 to 2007. She still holds eight records at Irondequoit. Henahan went on to swim for Washington State University.
Aaron Swartzman, a 1993 East High graduate, received All-American honors three times. He was the Section 5 Class A Champion in the 200 IM and 100 butterfly and finished third in both the 50 freestyle and 100 butterfly at the State Championships in 1993. He was a four-year Rochester City League MVP and was unbeaten in dual meets in his four years of of competition. Swartzman went on to swim for North Carolina State University.
Holly Williams Wallace, a 2002 Palmyra-Macedon graduate, was a two-time New York State Champion in the 200 IM. She received All-American honors in the 50 freestyle in 2001. Wallace was the Section 5 Class B Championship Swimmer of the Meet four times, an eight-time Section 5 Class B champion, and a four-time Finger Lakes Outstanding Swimmer of the Meet. Wallace went on to swim for East Carolina University.
Mike Morris coached at Bath-Haverling for 36 years and holds the Section 5 record for wins with a record of 409-118-7. His teams won 13 league titles and four team Section 5 titles. Bath swimmers won 42 Section 5 Class B and C individual champions.


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coat disaster
Added Jan 19, 2013
by cathysews
Portsmouth, Unit...
Hi, I was so excited about making this coat., but its not great! I think the wool I chose was too light in weight, and maybe the style isn't for me either. I really enjoyed making this though, I learned how to do blind hemming, and my button holes were perfect. The lining went in without problems, the back vent looks fab. But I don't like the finished coat. Oh dear, these things happen. Oh and its probably a bit too big.
Material Notes
Wool, and lining
- For
- Women
- Garment Type
- Coat/Capes
3 Comments Sign in to add a post
Jan 19, 2013, 05.25 PMby elaineren
One persons disaster is another persons success! The coat is not what you 'intended,' that is one of the 'opportunities' sewing gives us! I hope you enjoy it anyway (different buttons, a scarf :) Best Wishes!
1 Reply
Jan 20, 2013, 08.19 AMby cathysews
Hi, many thanks…I have learned lots with this project, we can't win then all.
Jan 19, 2013, 12.22 PMby prettysewinggirl
wwowwweeee… this is no disaster, it looks great!!! your effort is showing, and even if this is not your favourite project, at least you learnt so much :)
1 Reply
Jan 20, 2013, 08.17 AMby cathysews
Hi, many thanks for your lovely comments, I haven't given up…..already looking for another coat pattern!
Jan 19, 2013, 10.49 AMby Mary Athey
I think it looks fab. The sewing you put into this shows.if you.find it a bit big.just.pull it in with a belt x
2 Replies
Jan 20, 2013, 08.16 AMby cathysews
Hi Mary, many thanks for your lovely comments. My mum loves it too so I think its going to her!
Jan 20, 2013, 10.13 AMby Mary Athey
I make,my mum things as well. She loves peplum tops and has.quite.a.collection now. Mum loves.someone admiring.it si she can say I made her it lol x
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Today we bring you our fave Brit, Real Housewives of Beverly Hills cast member Lisa Vanderpump, stepping outside the box with an unusual designer choice (for her) on her arm. We know how Lisa loves her Valentinos and her Dolce & Gabbanas, and especially her pinks, purples, and animal prints (as evidenced here by...yes, I believe that is a fur beret), so while this Alexander Wang Pelican Satchel fits Lisa's style, the Alexander Wang brand is usually far edgier (not to mention more affordable) than Lisa's usual super luxe, tried-and-true designer staples. Grab this Alexander Wang for yourself at Barneys for $895.
But is there anything wrong with shaking things up a bit in Beverly Hills? Of course not! The fact that Lisa's Pelican Satchel is roughly $1500-$2000 less than practically every other bag we've seen her carry shouldn't signal that the Vanderpumps have fallen on (rich people) hard times. On the contrary, Lisa's RHOBH spin-off, "Vanderpump Rules" is scheduled to debut on Bravo on January 7th! We can't wait!
P.S. Please consider supporting our small, bag-loving team by clicking our links before shopping or checking out at your favorite online retailers like Amazon, Neiman Marcus, Nordstrom, or any of the listed partners on our shop page. We truly appreciate your support!


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Browse all regions in Tasmania
About Tasmania
Known colloquially as "Tassie", Tasmania is an Australian island-state situated south of the continent proper. Almost half of Tasmania is set up as a reserve, National Park, or World Heritage Site since most of the area is unspoiled, natural land. Named after Dutch explorer Abel Tasman, the island of Tasmania was actually connected to Mainland Australia until 10,000 years ago.
There are actually four distinct seasons in Tasmania, but neither the summers or winters hit extreme temperatures. Magnificent limestone caves dot the landscape in the northwest and mineral rich rock is found on Mount Read. The central highlands area is the most mountainous, and there is also a temperate rainforest in Tasmania. Due to the rocky terrain, there are a large number of rivers flowing through the island.
Tasmanian beer is especially popular with brands like Boags and Cascade brewed locally. To eat, Tasmanians love seafood like crayfish, salmon and oysters. Two major tourism events are the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race on Boxing Day, as well as the Taste of Tasmania food festival. For sport, there is the Tasmanian Tigers cricket team, as well as Australian Rules Football played on the island.
Beyond the topography, one of the main tourist attractions is the Museum of Old and New Art (MONA) which opened in 2011.
A few areas worth visiting and staying in Tasmania:
Hobart: The capital of Tasmania. You'll find plenty of culture, excitement, and energy in Hobart. Experience the island through the eyes of its inhabitants. You can eat delicious food and see plenty of entertainment galore in Hobart.
Launceston: Situated between the North Esk and South Esk rivers, Launceston is the second largest city in Tasmania. The central hub of the north houses the Tasmania Zoo, featuring yes, you guessed it, Tasmanian Devils.
Bruny Island: The ultimate Tasmanian wilderness experience can be found on Bruny Island. Water activities and inland adventures are plentiful in this area of the island.


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"The P1 region [user address space] also contains fixed-sized stacks for use by executive code that executes on behalf of the process." (p. 37)
This arrangement means that the user-level process has access to the memory region storing stack frames used by the kernel, including local variables with pointers to kernel data structures on the stack as well as return addresses that control where the kernel will execute when returning from a procedure call. Assume such stacks are mapped with read/write access in the user-level address space.
"One issue we have not yet addressed is that a user-level thread could be executing in a critical section at the instant when it is blocked or preempted...[a] possible ill effect ... [is] deadlock (e.g., the preempted thread could be holding a lock on the user-level thread ready list; if so, deadlock would occur if the upcall attempted to place the preempted thread onto the ready list)." (p. 102)
Why is this not a concern with standard kernel threads, i.e., why do scheduler activations have to worry about this deadlock issue, but standard kernel threads implementations do not have to?
"Unlike the old file system, the transfer rates for the new file system do not appear to change over time. The throughput rate is tied much more strongly to the amount of free space that is maintained." (p. 191)Why do transfer rates in the old file system degrade over time, while rates for the new file system depend on free space much more than the age of the file system?


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