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Helen Clark: Aspen Institute Madeleine K. Albright Global Development Lecture on "Making Sense of the World We Live In: The Development Contribution"Aug 7, 2014
Helen Clark, UNDP Administrator
Aspen Institute Madeleine K. Albright Global Development Lecture
"Making Sense of the World We Live In: The Development Contribution"
Aspen, Colorado
It is a great honour to be asked to give the annual Aspen Institute Madeleine K. Albright Global Development Lecture. Not only is the Institute prestigious, but also Madeleine, as a trailblazer for women who has excelled at the highest level of public service, is a personal heroine of mine.
The first time I met Madeleine was in August 1998 when she visited New Zealand as Secretary of State. It was in my fifth year as Leader of the Opposition. It meant a lot to me at that time that Madeleine made time in her diary to see me. My nine years as Prime Minister only briefly overlapped with Madeleine's time as Secretary of State, but I have long followed her no nonsense, straight talking style, and her singular contribution to global diplomacy.
It is appropriate therefore that I should begin with a quote from Madeleine – indeed from the closing paragraph of her book, Prague Winter: A Personal Story of Remembrance and War, 1937 – 1948, which reads:
"I have spent a lifetime looking for remedies to all manner of life's problems – personal, social, political, global. I am deeply suspicious of those who offer simple solutions and statements of absolute certainty or who claim full possession of the truth. Yet I have grown equally skeptical of those who suggest that all is too nuanced and complex for us to learn any lessons, that there are so many sides to everything that we can pursue knowledge every day of our lives and still know nothing for sure."
These words resonate with me after a lifetime of immersion in politics and public policy. They also provide a good entry point for the theme I've chosen for tonight's lecture: "Making Sense of the World We Live In: The Development Contribution." Yes: the issues our world is grappling with are all complex – but it is vital for those actually engaged in trying to make a difference for the better to move beyond analysis to the practical steps which might help. Bringing about transformational change is never about one swing of a wheel – it is more likely to be about a series of consecutive moves which over time will change the rules of the game.
That requires one to take the long term view – and nowhere is that more so than in development. But nor is it a new concept – as the old adage coined in medieval France says, "Rome was not built in a day".
Far from seeing anything built in a day right now, we see a great deal destroyed in a day, a few days, or a great many consecutive days. It's hard to remember a time when more crises were jostling for space in the headline news, or when the world's leading diplomats, like Secretary of State John Kerry and the UN Secretary General, were engaged in shuttle diplomacy on so many issues simultaneously.
Top of mind by late last month were the conflicts in Gaza and eastern Ukraine, even crowding out the Syrian conflict which is into its fourth year, the control of a significant swathe of Iraq by ISIS, the descent of Libya into a new chapter of crisis, the ongoing horror in South Sudan with fears of famine there growing, attempts to stabilize Central African Republic and Mali, the search for the missing Nigerian school girls, and more. Even then, this list of current challenges is far from complete – Kenya is suffering a number of terrorist attacks; there is a serious food shortage looming in Somalia, Boko Haram's activities have spilled over into Cameroon – the list goes on.
Often the global public's reaction is: can't the UN do something? And the answer often is – apart from rallying humanitarian and recovery responses, not much. Geopolitics are such that a military response may not be sanctioned by the Security Council even where it may be appropriate; and, even if it were, raising the funding and the troops required for such responses is already straining the limits of what is possible.
Yet meeting the costs of humanitarian relief is also proving overwhelming. Even before this year's horrors began, 2013 had been a record year for worldwide spending on such relief – not only for people caught up in conflicts, but also for those severely impacted by natural disasters – like Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines, one of the strongest tropical typhoons ever recorded. It is estimated that US$ 22 billion was spent on it in 2013 – 27 per cent more than in 2012. Even that sum pales into insignificance when one looks at the human and financial costs to countries affected by these crises.
The World Bank has estimated that where countries have gone through a civil war, their economies take fourteen years on average to return to original growth paths. It can also take more than a decade to return to pre-conflict levels of human rights observance.
A major natural disaster will also impact negatively on an economy. One which has had only fleeting media attention is the "one in a hundred years" flooding in the Balkans, which has knocked 0.9 per cent off Serbia's already low growth forecast and put it into negative territory.
By the end of June this year, UN co-ordinated appeals for humanitarian crises had already reached $16.4 billion. This was before the latest conflict in Gaza began, and before a lot of the fighting in eastern Ukraine. Could this year's relief expenditure be even more costly than last year's record level?
These challenges are cause for much reflection. Could more be done to anticipate, prevent, or mitigate these traumatic events? The short answer is – yes it could, and that there is a compelling need to try to get ahead of the curve of future crises and disasters, to avert huge and costly development setbacks and lives lost.
This need has been well recognized by leading development actors in several respects. Lord Ashdown's report to Britain's Department for International Development in 2011 called for investments in building resilience to natural disasters to be stepped up. USAID has also recognized the need to budget more on this, as has the European Commission. To date, spending on prevention and preparedness for natural disasters remains a small part of global aid budgets.
Yet rough estimates suggest that for every dollar spent in disaster preparedness and mitigation, seven dollars will be saved when disaster strikes. Putting in place early warning systems, rapid response capacity, resilient infrastructure and systems, and the government and community capacities to play their part in disaster risk reduction are highly cost effective interventions. UNDP works in those areas and sees the pay off when events of a magnitude which used to take many lives now have much less impact. Bangladesh and Mozambique are good examples of Least Developed Countries which have had considerable success in this area.
Clearly averting the humanitarian catastrophe of outbreaks of serious violence is a more difficult task than reducing the risk of natural disasters. It is also true that spending in fragile states which have been or still are immersed in conflict does absorb a significant amount of global Official Development Assistance. A good deal of that, however, goes on humanitarian relief, leaving relatively small sums for the longer term investments which might advance inclusive governance, mediate local tensions, and ward off conflict.
In this respect, it is worth reflecting on lessons learned in South Sudan, the recipient of a great deal of donor political and financial support before and since its independence in 2011, and on the similar case of Timor Leste whose independence came in 2002.
In each there was great celebration at the launching of the new states, but nations were yet to be built. It seems to me that both inherited a legacy of significant internal conflict and a lack of sense of nationhood across the country.
There was a lot of support for building the institutions of the new states, but that did not respond to the deeper need to build reconciliation and cohesion within them. Both experienced a renewal of conflict within a very short time after independence.
Perhaps applying lessons learned from Timor Leste, the international community did not withdraw quickly from South Sudan after independence. The fact that the UN's peacekeepers are there to this day, and opened their gates to desperate people, has probably saved tens of thousands of lives. But had more systematic support for nation-building, reconciliation, and inclusive governance been pursued from the outset, arguably one-quarter of the population would not now be displaced and the country would not be at risk of famine.
One innovation which the Government of Timor Leste has helped to drive, based on the country's own experience, is the formation of the "g7+". This is a grouping of twenty states which self-identify as fragile, and seek engagement with development partners through meaningful compacts to address key challenges. These two groupings have come together in the International Dialogue on Peacebuilding and Statebuilding (IDPS). At the Busan High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness in late 2011, they launched what is known as the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States.
South Sudan had engaged in the New Deal process, and in 2011, 2012, and 2013 was working towards signing a compact with donor partners. As part of that, the country conducted its own "fragility assessment", which, not surprisingly, pointed to its needs for national dialogue and reconciliation, inclusive politics, and effective and fair justice and security sectors. In the end, however, the national assessment concluded that the country had emerged from the violent conflict phase of its crisis and was in recovery mode. Hindsight – always a wonderful thing – tells us that judgment was premature.
The New Deal approach was premised on having simple and streamlined planning processes, with priorities and mutual accountability agreed on between a government and donors. In South Sudan a signing was eventually contemplated for late 2013, but the process collapsed under its own weight. The Government was trying to negotiate not only the compact, but also an IMF programme, World Bank loan and African Development Bank loans, a European Union grant, and a complex pooled fund mechanism. Our judgment at UNDP is that this would have been a challenge even for much more developed countries with long experience with such instruments. For South Sudan, it proved overwhelming. Sadly, violent conflict broke out just after the New Deal signing was last postponed, and there is probably little prospect of returning to it in the short term.
What I draw from all this is that to make the investments which need to be made to maintain cohesion within nations, development actors need to be more pragmatic and fleet of foot. They also need to see development as far more than a technical process. It is ultimately a political process which requires leadership, vision, tolerance, and inclusion for its full benefits to be reaped and for serious setbacks to be averted.
This insight could be helpful in understanding some of the dynamics at play in the uprisings seen in a number of the Arab States. Yemen aside, these convulsions have occurred in states which were far from the bottom of UNDP's Human Development Index – which measures GDP per capita, life expectancy, and years of schooling. Tunisia, for example, was hailed for its HDI progress in the annual global Human Development Report released just weeks before its uprising. Yet all these states exhibited varying degrees of exclusion – in economic and social terms and in their governance. Long term leaders had no obvious successors, and the states concerned were for the most part repressive. The economic faltering in Tunisia and Egypt in the wake of the global financial crisis may have been the tipping point for the uprisings there.
UNDP's Human Development Reports for the region since 2002 had identified underlying development deficits in freedoms and governance, education, and women's empowerment. The 2009 Report highlighted major challenges in human security including high rates of youth unemployment. In effect, trouble was predicted if the development deficits weren't addressed. It is the way of the world, however, that these reports have received far more attention since 2011 than they did in the nine years before.
As development practitioners, we in UNDP work in many such settings. What I observe is that if a process of inclusion and change is not embraced by a country's leadership, sooner or later change will be forced upon it. That may come at a terrible cost in human life and to economies – as we are witness to in this second decade of the 21st century. The outcome of such convulsions may be very uncertain. Things may get a great deal worse before they get better. And they may not get better for a very long time.
This leads me to the development contribution which can be made to building the peace and stability which are the foundations for sustainable development. Let me set this in the context of the emerging post-2015 development agenda and how it could include priorities which aim to avert development setbacks and thereby support steady progress.
Many here will be aware that the Millennium Developments Goals, which are largely drawn from the United Nations Millennium Declaration of 2000, are due to run their course by the end of next year. What should replace them is the subject of a major global debate. The UN development system has led worldwide outreach on this through online surveys, social media, and many national consultations. We estimate that around three million people have engaged, to date, as have all Member States.
There is a lot to play for. Global agendas at their best can set priorities, and mobilise partnerships, money, and action around them. The MDGs caught the world's imagination in those ways. The evidence suggests that on the health targets set in the MDGs, progress in reducing mortality is faster than the trends before the MDGs would have produced. I also have little doubt that the huge focus on enrolling children in school has been beneficial in getting close to universal primary school enrolment. Would the global average of women elected to national parliament now stand at 22 per cent if a target of thirty per cent had not been set to galvanize action? The number stood at under 14 per cent in late 2000. Where global goals are clear, measurable, and easily communicated, they can get real traction, as a number of the MDGs have.
The post-2015 agenda is shaping up to be bolder and more transformational than the MDGs were. There is a desire to go to zero on eradication of extreme poverty, children out of school, and hunger and malnutrition, and to finish other unfinished business of the MDGs. But this will also be a sustainable development agenda: focused on how to pursue economic and social progress within nature's boundaries.
A major question is: will it also pursue sustainability of progress based on inclusive, equitable, and peaceful societies? Will it address the world's high levels of inequalities and marginalization, and issues of the rule of law, access to justice, and accountable governance? Will it address disaster risk reduction and the drivers of conflict? It is deficits in all these areas which can and do produce major development setbacks. Human development is not just about lifting people out of poverty. It is about keeping them out of poverty and that requires all the above issues to be addressed.
In July, the Open Working Group on Sustainable Developments Goals appointed by the UN General Assembly completed its report on the shape of the post-2015 agenda. It includes a proposed goal to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all, and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels. The targets it recommends include promotion of the rule of law and participatory and representative decision making, tackling corruption, and promoting and enforcing laws against discrimination. There are also a number of useful references to the importance of disaster risk reduction.
I welcome this recognition of the need to address the drivers of long term development. If the cycle of major humanitarian crises is to be broken, then more peaceful, cohesive, and resilient nations which can sustain development progress need to be built. Significant deficits in governance, major inequalities and exclusions, and unmitigated exposure to natural disasters are setting countries back time and time again. But these deficits can be addressed. And a major step towards addressing them can be to prioritise them in the post-2015 development agenda.
I have already alluded to the practical steps which can be taken to reduce the risks posed by natural hazards. Similarly practical steps can be taken to support inclusive governance, establish the rule of law, and uphold human rights. Around the world UNDP has worked to expand access to justice, establish effective institutions – including national human rights institutions, support countries to meet their international human rights convention obligations – including on the equal rights of women, encourage interaction between civil society and government, develop the capacity of parliaments to scrutinise government spending and actions, and conduct fair and transparent elections. All of this work is an investment in peace and stability, enabling rights to be upheld and differences to be resolved peacefully. When states are emerging from conflict, such investments are a critical part of their recovery, as of course are determined efforts to grow inclusive economies and jobs and livelihoods.
So – where from here on the 2015 global development agenda? The Open Working Group report is an important step in a long journey. The UN Secretary-General must now produce a synthesis report on the debate so far, and then Member State negotiations will begin. The aim is to have a new agenda for world leaders to sign in New York in September 2015.
I am proud to have been among those Heads of Government who signed the Millennium Declaration in 2000. I hope that the current generation of leaders will take as much pride in setting global development priorities through to 2030.
I don't underestimate, however, the magnitude of the task of negotiating such an agenda. We live in a multipolar world with many fractures and with multilateralism under a lot of pressure. It has not proved easy to negotiate outcomes at the Commissions on the Status of Women and on Population and Development in recent times, nor in major multilateral trade and climate talks.
Many of the key issues involved in building peaceful and cohesive societies and the rule of law are controversial. The ongoing resistance in some quarters to the full empowerment and equality of women and to sexual and reproductive health and rights is disturbing.
Whatever the outcome of the global negotiations on post-2015, UNDP will get on with its work. We are mandated to help build sustainable development pathways, democratic governance, and resilient nations. That includes working in all the areas I have identified as being controversial in the current global context.
This work has a long time frame, particularly where societies have fallen into an abyss, like South Sudan, Central African Republic, and Syria. The rebuilding, when it can occur, will take decades. That is all the more reason now to be scanning the horizon with conflict-sensitive analysis to see where the precursors of upheaval are present and how they might be addressed.
It is my hope that with strong partnerships and goodwill, we can work for a world by 2030 when we do not see tragedies like those of today dominating our headlines. But our world will need a sea change on inclusive and effective governance, equity, human rights, and the rule of law to achieve that. As development actors, we can play our part, but those who lead countries and those who aspire to lead must also play theirs.


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Adam Rubin of ESPN New York reports that starting pitcher Chris Young is expected to remain with Triple-A Buffalo for one or two more starts as Sandy Alderson predicted earlier in the week.
Young took a huge step toward re-joining the Mets rotation after he tossed six scoreless innings yesterday in a start for Triple-A Buffalo. The 33-year old right-hander threw 87 pitches and allowed just two hits and three walks.
The Mets have been struggling to replace Mike Pelfrey since losing him for the season to an arm injury and have already had the likes of Miguel Batista, Chris Schwinden and Jeremy Hefner take turns trying to replace him until the Mets could get Chris Young ready. It appears that the wait is almost over.
Bisons manager Wally Backman assessed the situation as follows:
"If he can do the same thing he did today five days from now, he's pretty close to being ready. He's a smart pitcher. That's why he's had the success that he's had in the big leagues. Now, all we hope for is that we keep him healthy."
Young dazzled in four starts for the Mets last season before his shoulder surgery and went 1-0 with a 1.88 ERA to lead the rotation at the time.
Rubin quoted Josh Thole who happened to catch Young for his start yesterday and came away very impressed with Young's performance. "I thought his velocity, to be honest, was better than it was last year."
If Johan Santana and R.A. Dickey could continue to pitch as they have, the addition of a very effective righty in Chris Young, could make a huge difference in how long the Mets continue to contend for that second wild card spot.
I took a quick glance at the schedule… Assuming Young was to make two more starts for Buffalo, he could return to the Mets in time to get the Sunday start against the Yankees during the Subway Series on June 10.
That would make things pretty interesting…

subset: commoncrawl


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In a release today, Citrix announced a new campaign touting virtual desktops and its XenDesktop product. Most of Citrix's predicted benefits for virtual desktops are what typical of what virtual desktops promise—lower administration costs, more portability, and better performance. But their number one prediction, that employees will own the laptops they use for work instead of companies, strikes me as a potential game changer for IT.
Citrix claims that employee-owned laptops will make employees more satisfied, because they'll get the computers they want rather than a one-size-fits-all company machine. Things will be easier for IT and CIOs because they'll only have to watch out for a centrally-administered virtual desktop for each user instead of a large number of physical computers. Citrix also promises better performance, as the heavy lifting is done remotely on a powerful server instead of each user's machine. See the release from Citrix for more on the advantages of the BYOC model.
While I've certainly been in environments where I wished I could use my own computer instead of a company-owned system, I feel obligated to point out some possible disadvantages.
- Purchasing is shifted to employees. Citrix predicts that "employees in a BYOC program will receive vouchers, which can be applied to the purchase and support of any laptop they choose." That would work fine in an ideal situation, but what if you work for a company that doesn't provide a large enough voucher, forcing you to lay out your own money for a work computer? What about the discounts that a company gets for placing a large order from a computer maker but individuals won't get? And what if an uneducated user purchases a system that lacks power or expected functions, like the infamous "Vista Capable" machines?
- IT pros have to know everything. Multiple OS networks seem to be increasing in popularity, but as long as your company is buying your systems there's a limit on what you'll have to hook up. Set employees free to buy any computer they want, and suddenly you won't just have to deal with a couple versions of Windows and a few Apple machines. You'll be asked to fix and connect every version of every OS imaginable, because anything that can go wrong, will go wrong.
- Security gets more complex. No matter how well you isolate a virtual desktop from the computer it's running on, the two still have to interact. If a user's computer is infected with malware and spending all of its cycles working for a botnet, that's still the IT department's problem. But instead of a corporate machine with known hardware and software, you have to clean a personal laptop with any possible configuration.
- Work and play get mixed up. It's easy to tell employees not to install software or visit certain sites when they're on a corporate computer, but can you tell your employees not to do those things on their own machines in their own time? You either have to give up some control of your computing environment or get employees to agree to restrict their use of their own property.
So, do you think the advantages outweigh the negatives? Do you think your company would ever adopt BYOC?Related Reading:


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GABOR and RIB Raised to Excellent (94) at Most Recent Select Sires' Classification
PLAIN CITY, Ohio, November 9, 2012 - Select Sires recently held an outstanding classification with lineup sires 7HO8477 Willow-Marsh-CC GABOR-ET (GM) and 7HO9625 Clear-Echo Marion RIB-ET scoring Excellent (94). GABOR reached this amazing feat just before his ninth birthday. In total, Select Sires is home to 25 new Excellent bulls and 24 sires that were raised to a score of Excellent (91) or higher. 7HO8081 Ensenada Taboo PLANET-ET (EX-90-GM) led all sires with the most new Excellent and Very Good sons.
Lineup sires receive Excellent scores
GABOR, a Finley son, combines elite production (+2,167 Milk) with great type (+2.39 PTAT). In addition to his low Somatic Cell Score (SCS) of 2.68, he is a calving ease sire (6% DBH) and is available in gender SELECTed™ semen. RIB is another high quality (2.73 SCS), high production sire (+2,183 Milk) with sizable component yields (+52 Fat, +42 Protein). A Marion son from an Excellent (94) Ramos, his daughters are wide, deep-bodied cows with high, wide rear udders.
Diamond SELECTion™ sire 7HO9501 UFM-DUBS OLEGANT-ET is now classified an impressive Excellent (93). As the No. 2 Total Performance Index℠ (TPI℠) sire at Select Sires (+2152), he not only improves production (+1,177M), but also Type (+2.30 PTAT) and udders (+2.40 Udder Composite). He transmits longevity (+4.8 Productive Life) and is one of the breed's best for Calving Ease (4% DBH). OLEGANT is available in gender SELECTed semen.
Other new Excellent proven sires included 7HO8885 Henkeseen EMPHASIS-ET (EX-90) and 7HO8350 Ked Merchant MICKEY (EX-90).
Popular Super Samplers™ score well
At Excellent (92), 7HO10920 Mr Chassity GOLD CHIP-ET had one of the highest scores of the day among the younger sires. A Goldwyn son from Regancrest S Chassity-ET (EX-92-EX-MS-DOM), GOLD CHIP is a popular Showcase Selections™ sire and has already been siring fancy calves on the tanbark. At an impressive +4.04 for Type, he also improves feet and legs (+3.30 Feet and Leg Composite) and udders (+3.18 UDC). A calving ease Superior Settler™ (6% DBH, +2.6 Sire Conception Rate), he is sure to make your next show winner.
Other Super Samplers raised to Excellent (91) or higher were 7HO10272 De-Su FORK-ET (EX-92), 7HO10819 Larcrest CAMELOT-ETS (EX-91), 7HO10322 Opsal Michael SEIZE-ET (EX-91) and 7HO10821 TOM-Anna Mac 51-ET (EX-91).
7HO10999 Regancrest-GV S BRADNICK-ET (EX-91), 7HO10723 De-Su 527 SPUR-ET (EX-90) and 7HO10563 MD-Valleyvue CARSON-RED-ET (EX-90) all reached an Excellent score for the first time. Two of the youngest sires scored were 7HO11477 De-Su Bkm MCCUTCHEN 1174-ET (VG-88) and 7HO11596 Scientific B DEFIANT-ET (VG-85). At under two years of age, both sires were among the eight new Very Good Super Samplers.
Based in Plain City, Ohio, Select Sires Inc. is North America's largest A.I. organization and is comprised of nine farmer-owned and -controlled cooperatives. As the industry leader, it provides highly fertile semen as well as excellence in service and programs to achieve its basic objective of supplying dairy and beef producers with North America's best genetics at a reasonable price.Source: 08/12 USDA/HA Genomic Production and Type Evaluation. %Rel.: GABOR Yield 99, Type 94, SCS 97, CE 99; RIB Yield 92, SCS 87; OLEGANT Yield 88, Type 82, PL 80, CE 89. GOLD CHIP Type 77, CE 97, SCR 97 ™gender SELECTed, Super Sampler, Superior Settler, Showcase Selections and Diamond SELECTion are trademarks of Select Sires Inc. ℠Total Performance Index and TPI are servicemarks of Holstein Association USA.


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We may be hard at work finishing up the summer edition of the Texas Highways Events Calendar, but our eyes are always on what's coming up next weekend. Now that spring is officially here, there are great annual events popping up all over the state, plus plenty of Easter activities happening this weekend.
Wildflowers are starting to bloom along Texas roadways, but if you're in East Texas, don't forget to look up in the trees. In Palestine, the dogwood trees are putting on their best show for the last weekend of the Dogwood Trails Celebration, which features a lively roster of activities including wine tastings, cooking classes, historical tours, train rides, a gospel music festival and Easter celebrations. Tips on the best places to see dogwood blooms can be found at Dogwood Bloom Watch, or find the local visitor center at www.visitpalestine.com for more information.
About an hour northeast in Tyler, the Azalea and Spring Flower Trails is another great place to see a Texas spring in bloom, with additional events through April 7.
This weekend also marks the final days of the South Texas State Fair in Beaumont, which features a carnival, midway, live entertainment, livestock shows, and car and boat displays. Saturday is Kids Day, so all children age 17 and younger get in for free and pay only $1 per ride on the midway between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m.
It's also Easter weekend, and there are plenty of opportunities to make the holiday special (and get in some extra egg-hunting practice for the kids). Here are just a few:
Amarillo: Easter EGG-citement, March 30
Beaumont: The Last Days of Christ Outdoor Passion Drama, March 28-30
Fairfield: Annual Easter Eggstravanganza , March 30
Fredericksburg: Easter Fires of Fredericksburg Pageant, March 30
Mount Vernon: Easter in the Park and Community Egg Hunt, March 30
Stonewall: Easter at the Sauer-Beckmann Living History Farm, March 30


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- 1 The DOI system
- 2 DOI registration in OJS
- 2.1 DOI support in OJS
- 2.2 Installation
- 2.3 Export vs. Registration
- 2.4 Basic Configuration (mEDRA only)
- 2.5 Manual Registration
- 2.6 Automatic Registration
The DOI system
What are DOIs?
A "Digital Object Identifier" (DOI) is a globally unique identifier for digital objects. In the OJS context such objects are journals, journal issues, journal articles and supplementary files. DOIs are used for global and persistent identification of such objects, e.g. in citations. To this end the DOI is always associated with one or several URLs that can be resolved through a persistent URL at a global re-direction domain ([1]). Additional meta-data about certain types of digital objects can be stored in databases of specialized DOI registration agencies. This enables discovery of these objects through the web sites of the registration agencies or their partners (e.g. scientific search engines).
What are mEDRA and DataCite?
DOIs can be used for a very broad range of digital objects. The only common denominator of such objects is that they have a URL assigned through which they can be located. The DOI system therefore does not impose a single meta-data format. Digital objects can have specialized meta-data assigned that is specific to the content and format of that object. That's where DOI registration agencies like mEDRA or DataCite come in. These specialized registration agencies accept only certain types of digital objects and define mandatory and optional meta-data fields to be delivered when registering a DOI. DOI agencies require that meta-data be delivered in well-defined meta-data formats. Usually the agency defines their own meta-data format or adapt an existing standard to their purpose.
mEDRA is the multilingual European DOI Registration Agency. It registers documents of many European Union institutions but is also open to private and public institutions world-wide for registration of serial publications, serial publication issues and serial articles.
DataCite is an international not-for-profit association of several research institutions. DataCite was originally founded to make DOI registration available for primary research data. Nowadays DataCite registers a broad range of publication objects. In the OJS context these are journal issues, articles, galleys and supplementary files.
How does the DOI system work
DOIs are composed of a prefix and a suffix which are separated by a slash (e.g. "10.1234/cdb2011-01-bio234"). Organizations that want to participate in the DOI system have to apply for an account at a registration agency which will assign a unique DOI prefix to the organization (e.g. "10.1234"). The organization can then assign arbitrary suffixes to their digital objects as long as they guarantee that no suffix will be repeated (e.g. "cdb2011-01-bio234" in the above example). Sometimes several organizations share a DOI prefix to reduce the cost of DOI registration.
Once a prefix has been obtained and a suffix assigned to a publication object, the DOI composed of prefix and suffix has to be registered with the registration agency. The publishing organization formats meta-data corresponding to the publication object into the meta-data format specific to the registration agency. The resulting XML file will then be transmitted to the registration agency together with the DOI and the corresponding URL of the publication object.
The format and exact registration procedure are different for the registration agencies:
mEDRA uses a special configuration of the ONIX format called ONIX for DOI (O4DOI). This is a simplified version of the ONIX for Serials format with additional fields specific to the DOI registration use case. Detailed documentation of the format can be found on the mEDRA home page. mEDRA supports registration of OJS issues, articles and galleys but not supplementary files. mEDRA provides an asynchronous web service for automated DOI registration that is integrated into OJS. The asynchronous nature of the mEDRA registration service means that registration success or error messages are delivered via email. This means that in the unlikely case of a registration failure, some manual work is necessary to synchronize the OJS registration state with that of the mEDRA database. This is described in detail in the present document.
DataCite developed their own XML format for DOI registration that is loosely coupled to the Dublin Core format but imposes a stronger specification than the DC format. The format is relatively easy to read for non-technical users. DataCite offers a synchronous web service for automated DOI registration that is integrated into OJS. The synchronous nature of the DataCite registration service means that the OJS registration state can easily be kept in sync with the DataCite database. Other than in the case of mEDRA, manual synchronization of the registration state in OJS is therefore not necessary.
OJS' implementation of the O4DOI and DataCite formats has been optimized for maximum information transfer and data quality. OJS has co-operated directly with both registration agencies to make sure that their formats and protocols are correctly implemented and that the agencies can make best use of OJS data.
DOI registration in OJS
DOI support in OJS
OJS implements mEDRA and DataCite connectors as system plug-ins in the "Import/Export" plug-in category. These plug-ins rely on OJS' generic "DOI plug-in" which provides the user interface for DOI administration and assignment to publication objects.
Configuration of the DOI plug-in
Configuration of the DOI plug-in is a task to be performed by the Journal Manager. The DOI plug-in's setting page can be found by navigating to the Journal Manager's user home page -> System Plugins -> Generic Plugins -> DOI plug-in -> Settings:
First select the OJS object types that you want DOIs to be assigned to. Selecting this option does not mean that all objects of the selected type need to get a DOI assigned. Depending on the chosen DOI suffix generation method you can selectively assign DOIs if you like. Selecting an object type makes the DOI configuration fields available on the corresponding object-specific meta-data entry pages. Please be aware that not all registration agencies support all object types for DOI registration. While DataCite is able to support all object types, mEDRA will not register supplementary files.
The DOI prefix is mandatory. As described above you'll receive your organization's prefix from the DOI registration agency. The exact process for application is described on the agencies' web pages.
There are several suffix generation strategies available:
When you choose one of the pattern-based generation methods then a DOI will be generated for all objects. You are not obliged to register all these DOIs with the registration agencies, though. The DOI registration agency connectors allow for selective registration.
When you enter custom patterns then it is your responsibility to create patterns that result in unique DOI suffixes for your prefix. You have to enter a combination of journal, issue and object-specific identifiers to make sure that DOIs cannot be duplicated. A galley-suffix for example, that does not contain the journal ID can be duplicated among several journals if the same prefix is used for those journals. The same can happen if you generate DOIs for articles and issues without using the issue ID in the article suffix (e.g. when generating the DOI for the issue with the internal ID 1 and the article with internal ID 1). Look at the standard patterns for examples.
If you use custom identifiers (custom URL suffixes) to improve your URLs (see journal configuration step 4) you can use those same identifiers as DOI suffixes. Again you are responsible to not assign the same custom identifier to several objects. This is also true across object categories: You cannot assign the same URL suffix to articles and corresponding galleys for example. While this would still result in unique URLs due to the differing OJS URL prefix per object type it would mean duplicated DOI suffixes as the DOI prefix is common to all object types. OJS will check uniqueness of URL suffixes when you enter suffixes and will present you with a form error when you try to enter the same suffix twice.
Choosing the individual DOI suffix option will allow you to enter suffixes completely independent from the OJS URL of the object. Use this option if none of the other suffix generation strategies fulfill your needs, e.g. when your organization has global rules for suffix generation different from what can be implemented with custom patterns.
The "Reassign DOIs" button deletes all currently assigned DOIs but not your individually assigned URL or DOI suffixes. This is an advanced action. Please use it with utmost care and make sure you understand its exact action first, e.g. within a test environment. All DOIs will be re-generated based on the patterns or custom identifiers you entered. This means that if you change the patterns or custom identifiers after you already assigned DOIs then previously assigned DOIs will be completely lost and the same object will receive a different DOI. This should be avoided in most cases as it means double-registration of the same object with two different DOIs which is contrary to the purpose of DOIs in the first place. In any case you should make a database backup before you delete all assigned DOIs.
All plug-ins necessary for DOI assignment and registration with mEDRA and DataCite are part of the default OJS installation and do not have to be installed separately.
Some features of the mEDRA and DataCite connectors have additional installation requirements, though:
- If you want to register DOIs directly with the mEDRA or DataCite registration agencies via their web services then you need the PHP curl extension installed. Please consult the PHP manual for details.
- If you want to export several objects at the same time into files you'll need the tar tool available on your system. You'll also have to configure the path to the tar binary in your config.inc.php file, see the file's inline documentation.
Export vs. Registration
Before using the DOI connectors for the first time you'll have to decide whether you want to use the plug-in in "manual export" or "automatic registration" mode. This depends above all on your relation with the registration agency.
If you have (or intend to have) your own account at the registration agency then automatic registration will most probably be your preferred choice. Automatic registration means that you do not have to export meta-data into the registration agency's XML format or upload files to the registration agency manually. You can register DOIs and meta-data directly from within OJS with a few mouse clicks.
If you do not have access to account credentials yourself then you'll have to export XML files for the objects to be registered. The XML can then be sent to the account owner (e.g. as an email attachment) who'll have to upload the files to the agency's registration site. This is still much better than sending unformatted meta-data by email. The OJS-implementation of the XML format has been explicitly certified by the registration agencies for maximum information content, standardization and data quality. Manual transfer errors can be avoided and the account owner will have much less work in uploading a ready-made XML rather than manually entering meta-data on the agency's site or composing a compliant XML message from scratch.
While, in principle, it is possible to mix both modes of operation, you should not usually do so. If, for example, you configure the DOI connectors for automatic registration and then upload a file manually to the registration agency you'll end up in a situation where the OJS registration database is out of sync with the registration agencies' database. This can lead to registration errors when trying to update meta-data of an object that has been registered manually before. This is especially important when you work with mEDRA as the mEDRA XML format (O4DOI) differs for initial registration and meta-data update.
It is unproblematic, though, to use the XML export feature for local inspection of XML data that will be transferred to the registration agency via OJS later. As long as the actual registration is done in OJS, the local and remote registration databases will not get out of sync.


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Graduate GPLUS Loan Application 2012-2013 (click the link below):Manage My Direct Loan
Graduate GPLUS Loan Application 2011-2012:Contact the Office of Student Financial Aid at (256)372-5400 regarding a GPLUS application for the 2012 Summer Session This application is for Graduate students who need additional funding.Please complete the Direct Graduate GPLUS Loan application below. Once you have completed the application please print and mail or fax it along with a copy of your driver's license and social security card to the Office of Student Financial Aid.
How to Supply Co-Signer Information
Complete Graduate PLUS Loan Application, supplying the co-signer's information in place of the borrower's information
Print CO-SIGNER at the top of the page
Fax to the Financial Aid Office; include a copy of the co-signer's driver's license and social security card
How to Sign the Master Promissory Note (MPN) Once Credit is Approved
Go to Studentloans.gov website
Log on with Borrower's FAFSA Pin #
Click on link to sign MPN for Direct Parent PLUS Loan or Direct Graduate PLUS Loan, whichever is applicable
Complete MPN----Remember; the parent is the borrower on the Parent PLUS
Open every page of the MPN, all the way to the end
Click on the Review link
Review every page, all the way to the end
Click on Submit
NOTE: If you do not see the "Congratulations" statement, your MPN has not been submitted. You need to go back and check the MPN for errors and resubmit.
How to Complete Co-Signer Addendum Once Co-Signer is Approved
The Borrower signs an MPN
The Co-Signer contacts Direct Loans, at 1-800-557-7394 for instructions/assistance on how to complete the Endorser Addendum
Office of Student Financial Aid
Alabama A&M University
P. O. Box 907
Normal, AL 35762
(256) 372-5407 (fax)
If you have any questions please feel free to contact the Office of Student Financial Aid at:
email@example.com or
(256) 372-5400 (phone).


text:
Style # 196731
Give your summer staples a fresh update with this bebe cami, featuring button down design with self-tie hem. Delicate straps with ruching at back make for an especially flirty look. Team it with printed denim shorts for a punch. Center back to hem: 17".
- 100% silk
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Solid Tie Hem Silk Cami is rated out of 5 by 2.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Rissaaadoll from I'm obsessed with this top I love this top! It's so light & sexy perfect for summer & perfect for going out for dinner or for a day out shopping.
Date published: 2013-06-18
Rated 5 out of 5 by FashionLova from Great Color Super cute top. Great color and fit! I love the fabric! Thanks Bebe!
Date published: 2012-10-16


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mwh wrote:Just glancing through, and focussing mainly on the verb forms, not on usage:
Hope this helps.
mwh wrote:σχές for ἔχε if you want aorist.
mwh wrote:What's ἕπειν? You mean ἐάν or ἐπάν (ἐπεὶ ἄν)?
Σαῦλος wrote:This looks like a great way to practice the aorist. Could you post a revised version and translate it. There are bits I'm not getting.
Qimmik wrote:Should ἀκούσω ἀνθρώπου φόνους be ἀκούω ἀνθρώπου φωνήν?
φόνος is "killing" or "murder."
Qimmik wrote:ὀσφραίνομαι takes the genitive:
Smyth: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0007%3Asmythp%3D1361
Qimmik wrote:
Suggestion: for τραυματισθέντα, you might want to try τετρωμένου.
The aorist would mean something like: "I smell that a man was wounded." Using the perfect (of the basic verb τιτρώσκω) would mean "I smell a man who is in the state of having been wounded," "I smell a wounded man".
υἱὸς λύκου - «ὀσφραίνομαι ἀνθρώπου»
λύκος - «ὀσφραίνομαι ἀνθρώπου τετρωμένου. ὀσφραίνομαι δείπνου.»
daivid wrote:«αααααα! σῶσον με!»
Markos wrote:David's desire to come up with innovative drills combined with Qimmik's and Michael's informed constructive criticism produces a very helpful combination for those of us seeking new resources to learn Greek. Thanks to all!
Markos wrote:daivid wrote:«αααααα! σῶσον με!»
1. I think you might want σῶσόν με.
Qimmik wrote:σῶσόν με -- see Smyth 183c, which by some miracle happens to give precisely this example!
Why not τραυματίζω?
why λίπε με and not λίπέ με?
Paul Derouda wrote:I meant the bonus question for Daivid, but well...


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It is your responsibility to complete temporary forwarding cards prior to leaving campus for Christmas and summer breaks. Please do not turn in your key.
We will forward paychecks, grades, first-class mail, Express Mail, Priority Mail, periodicals and standard mail for which forwarding service is requested by the mailer.
Please note that only U. S. mail can be forwarded. Private couriers such as UPS and Federal Express do not provide forwarding services. Any packages that cannot be forwarded will be held for you to pick up when you return to school.


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Why do I need to fast before some lab tests?
Some tests are accurate only if you have been fasting before having your blood drawn. If your provider tells you that you need to fast before your tests, then you should not eat food or drink anything besides water for a minimum of 12 hours prior to the test. You may take medications during this time, and you should drink plenty of water in order to stay hydrated and help make your blood draw easier.


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BEIRUT Syria's state media said Monday that government troops repulsed a rebel attack on a police school in the northern city of Aleppo, one day after President Bashar Assad called on Syrians to fight an opposition driven by what he characterized as religious extremists.
The official SANA news agency said regime forces killed and wounded members of a "terrorist group" in the fighting late Sunday, but did provide a number.
The government and the pro-regime media refer to the rebels seeking to topple Assad as terrorists.
Aleppo, Syria's largest city and a former commercial hub, has been a major front in the civil war since July, with battles often raging for control of military and security facilities such as the police school. Rebels have recently made gains around Aleppo, as well as in the east and in the capital, Damascus, drawing the civil war closer to the seat of Assad's power.
In his speech Sunday, Assad sketched out terms for a peace plan but dismissed any chance of dialogue with the armed opposition, labeling them "murderous criminals" who he said were responsible for nearly two years of violence. Nearly 60,000 people have died, according to a recent United Nations estimate.


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Follow RFF News on your cell phone. Text follow rff to 40404 you will receive txt messages with RFF News
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So , guys , does anyone have a link to watch the show? I haven't seened the first episode yet and can't find it anywhere. Help , please!(Can't download or torrent it)
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37w, 1d. I'm officially full-term now, which allows me to feel excited about the prospect of meeting this baby within the next several weeks (I mean, really, there is an end in sight now). But I'm also technically "early term"—meaning not yet at 39 weeks, which is when fetal gestation is now considered complete (and why hospital inductions and C-sections are now discouraged until then unless medically necessary). It's kind of a fine line I'm walking with my midwives as it relates to my high blood pressure—constantly examining and re-examining the pros and cons of keeping this baby cooking inside me vs. getting her (and me) out and out of harm's way with regard to my BP.
Thankfully, I feel like I'm in tremendously good hands—with two incredibly caring and detail-minded, intelligent midwives, as well as a maternal-fetal medicine specialist who is used to dealing with high-risk pregnancies in a way that homebirth midwives like mine are not. My blood pressure has been climbing as of late (I'm responsible for monitoring at home daily and reporting any changes to my midwives), and so I've had to go for some additional testing to rule out the onset of pre-eclampsia (and luckily all has been clear), as well as more ultrasounds to keep tabs on the baby and an additional consultation with the high-risk specialist. She wasn't as alarmed by my blood pressure readings as my midwives were initially—but then when the readings jumped again, heading into seizure/stroke danger zone early this week, I won myself a prescription for blood pressure medication, something I'd been lucky enough to avoid thus far.
Fortunately, no one feels like I need to be induced immediately—and I've even been told that I'm still on track for a homebirth at this point, unless things worsen. But I've also been told that they'd like me to have this baby by my due date—and that's become kind of a hard deadline for the specialist. All of which is to say, it's go-time in terms of preparing my body for labor. I'm not trying to send myself over a cliff at this point and go into labor tonight or anything, but I have been given the go-ahead to start trying a number of natural ways to induce labor, including:
- Acupuncture (which I'm now doing twice a week—but focusing on labor preparation, not labor induction, which is a different, more intense kind of treatment)
- Evening primrose oil (inserted nightly you know where)
- Sex (and lots of it, despite this recent study which found it does not actually induce labor—but seriously, don't tell my husband that)
- My midwife stripping my membranes (sadly, it just caused some minor cramping—nothing more), but we'll try it again next week
- Nipple stimulation
- Caulophyllum (a homeopathic remedy)
- Red raspberry leaf tea (supposedly good for strengthening one's uterus—but not a true means of jump-starting labor)
What I'm not doing this time around but have tried before:
- Exercise (which I've been advised to avoid because of my blood pressure right now)—specifically walking and climbing stairs
- Spicy foods (just because I never felt like they did anything for me other than give me heartburn)
What we may try if I'm still pregnant at 39 weeks (which I'm guessing I will be, given that I've given birth at 39.5 weeks both times before):
- Castor oil
- Foley balloon catheter
- PATIENCE (I'm pretty sure I'll have little of it by then!)
I think it goes without saying that you should speak with your OB or midwife before trying any of these methods on your own.
Did you try anything to get labor going? If so, what worked (and what didn't)? Please let me know in the comments below!


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Intel Sandy Bridge-E Review - Core i7-3960X and X79 Chipset Tested
Power Consumption and Performance per Watt
What about power consumption? Maybe the AMD FX lineup can do it all while maintaining a lower idle or peak power consumption?
The idle power consumption of the new Sandy Bridge-E processors is right in line with the other 6-core parts based on Nehalem. Even though the idle speed of this CPU is now 1.2 GHz (as opposed to the 1.6 GHz of the standard SNB parts) we are still drawing an extra 10 watts compared to the Core i7-2600K. This could be due to the additional memory channels and PCIe interfaces.
The load power consumption on the Core i7-3960X is still quite high, coming in at 229 watts compared to the 165 watts of the Core i7-2600K. What is perhaps most damning for AMD is that the FX-8150 actually pulls MORE power than the Core i7-3960X yet falls so far behind in performance.
The new Sandy Bridge-E part is surprisingly efficient in terms of performance per watt as it is the outright leader in 3 of our 5 comparisons and is close to the top in other two. This obviously shows the capability of multi-core processing on tasks that efficiently use multiple threads. If we had compared the gaming performance per watt of the Core i7-3960X to the Core i7-2600K, the results would show that the additional power use was mostly wasted.
Main and only reason for disabling cores in design is that in production process of chips(for example Xeon processors) they may encounter defects that with this mechanism tolerates these situations.
Defects might be the wrong word here. But they usually do it to allow the other cores to clock higher, important on a consumer product. Less important on a server environment.
The main reason i understood what that they wanted to stay within the 130W TDP envelop, plus less cores means less heat, means more OC, means more FPS.
Unless you fall in the small group of users that do programs like video encoding.
They could use this transistors for other matters,for example for cache modules, but they don't use these space for anything.With one difference This architecture is similar to Celeron processors in previous Intel designs. In this arrangement cores are deactivated instead of caches modules.Cores is disabled instead of CPU When any of them defected in production process in the factory.
When will we get some costs and build specs? Also what are the supply lines like will we have to wait awhile before wholesalers have stocks? Great Review well done.
Fell a little flat with the render tests. Could you please include something a little more contemporary eg. Cinebench 11.5 please? After all, this is going to be one of the target demographics for the processor.
Edit: Especially need an overclocked CB score. That's what people will be doing with them.
CB 11.5 scales VERY well, much like POV-Ray, and we provided an overclocked POV-Ray result, so you should be able to use that one.
Awesome review Ryan! The performance per $ still makes the i7 2600K seem like the best choice if on a budget.
Can't wait to see what the leader board looks like in Q1 2012.
Yeah, I definitely wouldn't consider this a budget part at all, even the Core i7-3930K...
I just feel that if you were to have the workloads that sb-e provides benifits for wouldn't you just get a Xeon based system.
Not if you are a small biz or pro-sumer looking to save money.
I realize that this 3960X is top dog when it comes to desktop CPUs, but I can't help it to feel a bit sad when I know there's two extra cores with an extra 5MB of cache disabled, just sitting there, doing nothing.
And it's not like it's just a certain feature that's disabled, it's two fully hyperthreaded cores! That's like a really good extra dual core CPU that's gone dark, something like an unlocked Sandy Bridge 2100K (non existant, but you get the point). It takes "dark silicon" to the next level.
Is this to preserve a certain clockspeed - power envelope ratio or is this just because there's virtually no competition in this segment anymore? Is it that much cheaper to have just one die for desktop/worstation/server?
Do I get to blame AMD for ruining my life all over again? (hint: it's a joke)
"Is this to preserve a certain clockspeed - power envelope ratio.."
You are correct right here - those two cores aren't doing "nothing"; what they are doing is allowing the Core i7-3960X to clock as high as it is.
I still agree with you though - I wish Intel had released an 8-core version with a lower top speed so we had two options at this insane price point.
Yer right Ryan about the cost when u think about it.
Ryan do you think SB-E will minimize multi-GPU microstutter? because its basically sb+2 I dont think it will but I dont know how the increased system bandwidth will minimize "jitter"
How are the single core on Blender better?? The new sb-e is the fastest single thread on the chart with 76.13 sec. Were you looking at it backwards. You may also look into using the new cycles render instead of the old Blender, as it will be the new standard in Blender 2.62 comming December.
You are correct, I was reading those results backwards. Thanks, fixed!
this CPU is a BIG FAIL!!!
$1000 and its single core performance is slower than 2600K !
Why are Review websites not slamming this CPU?
The same reason we didn't "slam" $1000 CPUs for the decade they have continued to be released. They aren't meant for single core workloads and excel really only in the outlier cases of heavy threaded workloads and the like.
No, this CPU isn't for most, it isn't even likely for MANY people, but the fact that it is there is good for the market to be pushed forward.
I don't remember anyone complaining when the Core i7-980X launched...?
$1000 Intel CPU FAIL
Why in the world would anyone praise this cpu. It's a mediocre step forward from the 2600k, and with Ivy on the way in the first half of next year, a complete waste of money.
I am afraid you are going to be more disappointed in the CPU performance of Ivy Bridge than Sandy Bridge-E...
why? ivy bridge will be more cost effective for intel and us.
possibly less power and more cores. god forbid faster cores.
Because the CPU portions of Ivy Bridge compared Sandy Bridge are likely only going to be about 5-10% better.
ya i'd wait for ivy-bridge and ddr4 2012
wrong amd cpu to put against the i7 e3960x,you should be revisiting just the e3960x vs the opteron 6282se,that is the same priced cpu to go against the 3960,price for price the
3820 will be a better counter part to the 8150 or the
If I want a top end gaming pc should I go for the SBE 3960 with the ASUS extreme IV m/b with twin 580 in SLI or am I just wasting my money:(
The twin 580's sound awesome. I'd stick with a Sandy Bridge 2500K and an ASUS P867WS Revolution MoBo. You are sure not going to bottleneck with that (if you are going with just one card then go with the P8P67 PRO. Two 580's are going to draw a lot of power. 850W plus (preferably plus).
I think Ryan did a good job explaining the subtle differences between the SB and SB-E. Moreover, with AMD's lackluster Bulldozer turnout and SB-Original not offering more than 4 cores, this CPU is now the premier CPU on the consumer planet. Look, if you want TOP-end power for a while- you're not going to find it anywhere else ...
... and they're going to charge it- because they can.
Another crappy comparison.
You compare CPU's reaching 1000 euros in price (intel) vs a mere 200 euros of the bulldozer (amd).
Compare two same priced cpu's and its more of a test than this complete waste of time
They did that already (and other sites too), 2500K and 2600K vs. Bulldozer, it lost there too.
The idea of the article here is to compare the best offerings from the main (only?) two competitors on the market. When we're in this segment, we're interested about performance more and less about the price. We don't really care about performance/monetary unit, we just want the best there is, period.
Ryan you seem to be attracting a lot of trolls on this review.
I have always gone under the assumption that:
More Trolls = More Correct in my Views
Why does the i5 2500K perform better then the i7 2600k on so many of these tests am I missing something. Is there other reasons that I would spend $100 more one a CPU not to mention would the 2700K be worth the $30 more than the 2600K. I was waiting for the SB-e processor but I just cant justify the price/performance BIGTIME FAIL on Intel, just wasted my time waiting for a product that barely outperforms I7 990X.
Is LGA2011 backwards compatible with the I7-2600?
LGA2011 is completely different than LGA1155 (AKA I7-2600 you inquired about).
Seems a lot of people are mad about this...Ryan has said it like 10 times - this is not for most of "us." This is for a small market of power users, not the people that want the best frame rates on Battlefield 3.
First, as to why the 2500K might outperform the 2600K in some select instances: because a four-threaded app has 4 dedicated cores on the 2500K and though there ARE 4 dedicated cores on the 2600K, it is possible that the OS doesn't put each thread on its own core and instead you see a bit of HyperThreading i the mix, which isn't nearly as efficient as single core computing. That being said, usually the OS figures this out pretty quickly, so differences are actually minimal.
As for the 2700K - I would actually recommend it over the 2600K if that was your choice before, yes.
Thanks for your response Ryan, if I hear you right the I5 doesn't have HT. so turning off HT one the 2600K or 2700K may improve some of the non-multi-threaded reliant applications. As for your suggesting the 2600K over the 2700K for the $22 difference would I be getting a sightly higher binned chip with better TDP, clock speed, etc.. I guess I am know wounding id the 2500K is the right choice @ more than $100 less( I believe I heard you guys say as much on the Podcast) do I loose any else then HT with the 2500K.
Thanks Again
So question?? If you want the fastest gaming pc or just the fastest system go with 3960x and dont wate for ive?? Asus rampage iiii 32gb or 16gb and keep your graphics top of the line. Money is not a problem but ive bridge whats the deal? not going to be all arround better than 3690x dont want to upgrade again i am currently running 990x asus rampage iii formula three gtx 580's Would like to here a really good breakdown on sandy-e vs ivy??? Thanks watch the show allways!!!! Tim in alasks!! :-)
Great review Ryan! Have you ever done a benchmark using virtual PCs? It would be interesting to put 32gb of ram in one of these systems and see how many virtual PC's you could effectively run. Throw different loads on each of the machines and see what brings it to knees.
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¤ Season 2 Confirmed. New Title: Free! Eternal Summer
¤ Check out new info here.
¤ Commercial for Season 2:
{Anime Information) | WATCH ON Crunchyroll
The story revolves around Haruka Nanase, a boy who has always loved to be immersed in water, and to swim in it. Before graduating from elementary school, he participated in a swimming tournament along with his fellow swimming club members, Makoto Tachibana, Nagisa Hazuki, and Rin Matsuoka. After achieving victory, each of the boys went their separate ways.
Time passed, and in the middle of their uneventful high school lives Rin appears and challenges Haruka to a match, showing Haruka his overwhelming power. Not wanting it to end like this, Haruka, gathers together Makoto and Nagisa once again and brings a new member named Rei Ryugazaki to create the Iwatobi High School Swimming Club in order to defeat Rin.
Episodes Click episode title to watch on CR
#1 - "Starting Block of Reunions!" July 4, 2013 | Episode Poll
#2 - "Memories in the Distance!" July 11, 2013 | Episode Poll
#3 - "Theoretical Dolphin Kick!" July 17, 2013 | Episode Poll
#4 - "Captive Butterfly" July 24, 2013 | Episode Poll
#5 - "Trial in Open Water!" August 7, 2013 | Episode Poll
#6 - "Shocking No Breathing!" August 14, 2013 | Episode Poll
#7 - "One Style Final!" August 21, 2013 | Episode Poll
#8 - "Revenge in the Medley!" August 28, 2013 | Episode Poll
#9 - "Hesitant Loosen Up!" September 4, 2013 | Episode Poll
#10 - "Irritated Heart Rate!" September 11, 2013 | Episode Poll
#11 - "Furious All-out!" September 18, 2013 | Episode Poll
#12 - "Distant Free!" September 25, 2013 | Episode Poll
Main Characters
Birthday: August 1
Zodiac: Leo
Height: 165 cm
Weight: 55 kg
Breaststroke swimmer of the Iwatobi High School swimming team.
Haruka's kouhai and a first year. He is a straight-forward person and his actions are faster than his words. He admires Haruka's swimming; it's the reason for him to start swimming. He enters Iwatobi High School because Haruka is there.
Watch character promo.
Birthday: February 2
Zodiac: Aquarius
Height: 177 cm
Weight: 68 kg
The rival swimmer from Sametsuka Academy.
Rin Matsuoka is Haruka's rival who is also in 11th grade. He had gone abroad to study swimming, but his personality changed immensely by the time he had returned to Japan and for this reason he often perplexes his former teammates.
Watch character promo.
Birthday: June 30
Zodiac: Cancer
Height: 175 cm
Weight: 63 kg
Freestyle swimmer (crawl) of the Iwatobi High School swimming team.
Haruka Nanase is an 11th grader who loves to swim. His strong and quiet swimming style fascinates many, and he holds a strong fixation on freestyle swimming.
Watch character promo.
Birthday: December 14
Zodiac: Sagittarius
Height: 177 cm
Weight: 65 kg
A freshman who joins the Iwatobi High School swim team.
Rei Ryugasaki is a classmate of Nagisa's in 10th grade. He was originally a member of the track team, but decided to join the swimming club instead. A handsome, intelligent young man who often gets manipulated by Rin for some reason.
Watch character promo.
Birthday: November 17
Zodiac: Scorpio
Height: 183 cm
Weight: 73 kg
Backstroke swimmer of the Iwatobi High School swimming team.
Makoto Tachibana is Haruka's inseparable best friend in 11th grade. He understands Haruka's good points, and is often forced to speak as his spokesman. He is very kind and considerate, but is also very easily scared and weak-hearted.
Watch character promo.
KyoAni's Swimming Anime 'Free!' Due in July (April 26, 2013)
Check Out the Muscles on Latest "Free!" Anime Visual (May 9, 2013)
'Free!' Celebrates 20,000 Twitter Followers with Icon Offering (May 9, 2013)
VIDEO: Second "Free!" TV Anime Trailer Released (May 31, 2013)
VIDEO: "Free!" Makoto Tachibana Character Promo (June 1, 2013)
VIDEO: "Free!" Nagisa Hazuki Character Promo (June 3, 2013)
KyoAni Streams Rei Promo for 'Free!' Swimming Anime (June 3, 2013)
VIDEO: "Free!" Rin Matsuoka Character Promo (June 4, 2013)
"Free!" Adds Female Cast and Debuts Latest Visual (June 5, 2013)
"Free!" Swimming Anime Unveils 2 Female Characters (June 6, 2013)
"Free!" to air July 3rd (June 9, 2013)
Retailers Offer Exclusive "Free!" Open Single Jackets (June 22, 2013)
"Free!" Anime Prequel Novel To Be Published In July (June 23, 2013)
Crunchyroll Adds "Free!" Anime to Streaming Lineup! (June 28, 2013)
"Free!" Anime Inspires Twitter Icon Sets (July 4, 2013)
"Free!" Anime's Real-Life Location Found and Photo Proof Posted (July 5, 2013)
Fan Artist Offers a Look at Gender Swapped "Free!" (July 7, 2013)
"AoT" and "Free!" Illustrations Cover Anime Music Magazine (July 18, 2013)
New "Free!" Cellphone Trading Straps To Be Available In Sept. (July 19, 2013)
VIDEO: "Free!" Ending Dance Remixed With Other Anime (July 20, 2013)
Town Showcased by "Free!" Anime To Promote Tourism (July 21, 2013)
Poll: Top 25 Summer Anime | Free! @ #4 (July 22, 2013)
New Magazine Cover Puts "Free!" Boys In Sailor Outfits (July 23, 2013)
VIDEO: "Free!" Anime's Vol. 1 BD/DVD Exclusive Shorts Trailer (August 4, 2013)
Season 2
Free! - Iwatobi Swim Club Anime's Season 2 Info Unveiled (May 2, 2014)
Extra Information
Type: TV
Episodes: 12
Status: Not yet aired
Aired: Jul 3 2013 to ?
Producers: Kyoto Animation, Lantis, Animation Do, Iwatobi High School Swimming Club
Genres: Sports
Duration: 24 min. per episode
Rating: PG-13 - Teens 13 or older
Opening Theme: "Rage on" by OLDCODEX
Video Clips
It's coming, gays and girls.
I will update this when new information comes out.
In the mean time, this thread will serve as our Base thread.
Who's excited? Let's discuss this glorious anime.
Will you still love me when I'm no longer young and beautiful?
CAN YOU TELL I'M EXCITED?!?!? Haruka Nanase.. Ehehehe..
Queen of Support
I will not allow a guy to create this thread. Never.
That first image is awesome, sis.
Only a little ashamed to say I'll give it a shot. Mainly cause of all you girls lol. Be happy, you're making a difference.
Found this on another site:
Spoiler Alert! Click to show or hide
Might of been on CR.
Animanga hunter extraordinaire
I can't wait for this anime ever since the first commercial that was not even an anime I have been following it. was so psyched when I heard this was becoming a reality.
Chaos reigns within Reflect, repent and reboot Order shall return
ThePinkRanger wrote:
CAN YOU TELL I'M EXCITED?!?!? Haruka Nanase.. Ehehehe..
Sistren we all are. Haruka ♥
July 2013.
starry wrote:
I will not allow a guy to create this thread. Never.
That first image is awesome, sis.
It looks like fan art, though. But whatever.
I can't wait for the doujins to come out. IYKWIM.
TrueGoober wrote:
Only a little ashamed to say I'll give it a shot. Mainly cause of all you girls lol. Be happy, you're making a difference.
Maybe you'll join the dark side soon enough.
Starky serving the freshest tea.
*admires* HMMM That's what they call it now.
Will you still love me when I'm no longer young and beautiful?
v It's gonna be hot, but its also gonna get a lot of people wet.
[No information available]
It's going to be hot.
I don't care if the plot is the most shallow plot I've ever seen
Will you still love me when I'm no longer young and beautiful?
I have high hopes for this series. Let's just hope it actually takes competitive swimming seriously and the drama that revolves around it, and not going into K-ON levels of shallow story telling.
Read Umineko
so much eye candy related to the show has already hit pixiv dam some of the fan art makes my mouth hit the floor and leaves me drooling.
Chaos reigns within Reflect, repent and reboot Order shall return
new account / calcifer-
ahhhhhhhh!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I can't wait til this comes out.
Awesome !!!


text:
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If you need further assistance with an issue that pertains to the VA, please fill out a Privacy Form and send it to the office nearest you so that Congressman Shuster can assist you in a timely manner. Please call your local district office with any questions.


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Transfer and Connect: DTMF Tones not Recognized
From DocWiki
DTMF Tones not Recognized
|Problem Summary
|Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) tones are not recognized.
|Error Message
|Possible Cause
|If using ASR, and the caller is coming from the PSTN, the gateway dial-peers may be incorrectly configured.
|Recommended Action
|Possible Solution: In Unified CVP, there are two VoIP dial-peers involved in the call: One to go from the gateway to the Unified CVP H.323 Service and one to go from the Unified CVP H.323 Service to the IVR gateway.
Each of these dial-peers must have the following attributes to be recognizabled correctly by DTMF:
|Release 7.0(2)
|Associated CDETS #
|Possible Cause
|If using Scansoft ASR, the DTMF payload type is incorrectly configured in Scansoft.
|Recommended Action
|In Scansoft config file C:\Program Files\ScanSoft\SpeechWorks OpenSpeech Media Server\Server\config\OssServer.cfg, change the following value from 96 to 101: server.transport.dtmfPayloadType VXIInteger 101
|Release 7.0(2)
|Associated CDETS #


text:
SEATTLE — More than 1 million fall chinook salmon are expected to pass the mouth of the Columbia River during the 2013 run, almost twice the previous record.
Tribal and state biologists attribute the record run to high spring river flows when the fish migrated downstream, increased flows to spill them over dams, projects to improve fish passages and habitats, and improved ocean conditions.
Charles Hudson, a member the Mandan/Hidatsa tribe of Fort Berthold, N.D., puts that into a tribal perspective: In 2010, he said, 1,757,334 salmon returned to the Columbia. That includes chinook, steelhead, sockeye and coho. In 1850, that number was about 17 million.
A member of the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, Hudson spoke during a recent seminar on climate change, sponsored by the Metcalf Institute of the University of Rhode Island and the Seattle Times.
Tribal cultures and economies revolve around the concept of "first foods," he said — berries, salmon, game, roots and water. Any tribal decision is weighed against how it affects those first foods.
But conditions beyond the tribes' control have been changing: "Historically, roots and spring chinook arrived simultaneously. Now chinook come later, and the roots earlier."
Hudson said these changes are caused by climate alone, not by dams, which have been a bone of contention for many along the Columbia and Snake rivers.
"There has been a consistent rise in air temperatures in every basin. There's more precipitation, but more of it is rain," he said. "The tributaries are pulsing from two to 13 days earlier."
Oliver Grah, water resources program manager for the Nooksack Indian Tribe in northwest Washington, said the consequences of climate change impact place-based native American tribes more than other communities because they cannot move to follow the natural resources they depend on.
The Nooksacks live on the South Fork of the Nooksack River, and their 186-square-mile watershed reaches from 20 feet elevation to 7,000 feet. Their main concern is the spring chinook salmon, now numbering about 8 percent of historical levels.
The fish have to deal with what Grah referred to as "legacy impacts" on the river resulting from land-use changes, such as timber harvest, channel clogging, loss of shading due to agriculture and impervious surfaces. Projected higher temperatures and changing flows will add to the obstacles the chinook face.
"Climate change impacts will be less than the legacy impacts," he said, "but climate change might be the straw that breaks the camel's back."
The Nooksacks have launched a habitat restoration project to reduce predicted effects of climate change, including reforesting riparian zones and removing levees.
Salmon are a diverse species leading a complex life that have evolved through different climates, said Lisa Crozier, research ecologist at the NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center.
"They are strong animals," she said, "the most opportunistic species in the world."
Still, they are sensitive to increasing sea surface temperatures, algal blooms and low oxygen levels. High temperatures block their migration upstream, and the "blockout period" is getting longer.
Compounding pressures on salmon threaten their existence, she said. Even slightly worsening ocean conditions or shifts in the ecosystems could send them over the tipping point into extinction.
Crozier listed several measures that can mitigate the impacts on spawning grounds:
• Cold-water releases from dams can provide thermal refuges.
• Channels can be restored, and floodplains can be reconnected.
• In-stream flows can be restored.
• Riparian areas can be rehabilitated.


text:
Public/Individual Membership Form
Yes, I share Trees For Tomorrow's vision and wish to support natural resources education.
A Trees For Tomorrow membership:
- helps provide scholarship support to over 5,000 school participants annually,
- provides natural resource programming to local families and youth year-round,
- helps to keep the Trees For Tomorrow gift shop, the Tree Trunk, stocked with nature books, souvenirs, and clothing items,
- helps to maintain TFT's historic dorms, dining hall, and education hall,
- and helps to maintain the 35 acres of public access trails, playing field, and Eagle River access.
As a Trees For Tomorrow member, you will receive our Quarterly Newsletter, an annual complimentary membership thank you gift, invitations to special events at Trees For Tomorrow, and the good feeling of supporting over 70 years of "A Natural Resources Education Experience That Lasts a Lifetime."


text:
Frank Lampard further etched his name into the annals of Chelsea folklore on Saturday as the midfielder bagged a brace against Aston Villa to establish himself as the highest scorer in the club's illustrious history.
The 34-year-old's first of the afternoon saw him draw level with Bobby Tambling before the second, Lampard's 203rd goal in the Blue of Chelsea, made him the outright holder of the prestigious title.
Lampard's record of a double-century of goals is remarkable in itself, but the fact that he has been able to contribute them all from central midfield makes the achievement even more jaw-dropping.
The England international has found the net on at least 10 occasions in the last 10 seasons and only once since then, during the injury hit 2010-11 season, has Lampard not scored at least 15 goals.
Despite being out of the Chelsea team for large parts of this season, Lampard is just one goal away from equaling his second best tally of Premier League goals in a single campaign, having scored 16 times in 2004-05.
Lampard's best single season goals record for Chelsea was during the Double winning campaign under the stewardship of Carlo Ancelotti, when he scored 27 times - 22 of which came in the league.
Watch Frank Lampard's best 10 goals for Chelsea in the video below, and comment with your favourites...


text:
Reading the forum on your cell phone? There's an easier way. We've enabled a Tapatalk app that makes browsing the forum a whole lot easier. Check it out in the iPhone or Android store if you don't own it already.
i your into music, i just finished "the wrecking crew' maybe the greatest, least known session musicians ever. Just amazing stuff. Also "backstage pass" about the promoter who among other things booked hendrix, janis Joplin and the Doors in one weekend. Also the U2 Red Rocks show and Led Zep's first US gig
Al, have you read Roadie http://www.amazon.com/Roadie-Misunderstood-World-Bike-Racer/dp/1934030171 it is pretty good.
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Growers have a new choice for managing soybean diseases, improving overall crop health and increasing yield potential. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has granted a Section 3 label registration for use of Stratego fungicide on soybeans.
Stratego is approved to control alternaria leaf spot, frogeye leaf spot, anthracnose, septoria brown spot, cercospora blight, pod and stem blight, rhizoctonia aerial blight, powdery mildew, and Asian soybean rust.
Stratego is a fungicide pre-mix of strobilurin and triazole chemistries that provide two different modes of action. In addition, the strobilurin component of the pre-mix, trifloxystrobin, expresses unique leaf retention/redistribution properties. These properties provide improved leaf coverage and locked-in residual control against diseases.
Working together, the pre-mix inhibits spore germination on the plant surface and fungal growth within plant tissues.
Randy Myers, fungicide product manager for row crops, Bayer CropScience, says, "Growers have invested a lot of their resources in evaluating the benefits of fungicides on overall soybean health. Should they or shouldn't they invest the time and financial resources in a fungicide application? It's looking like fungicides are a good opportunity
for improving crop health, and in turn boosting soybean yields," he adds.
"Growers' fungicide choices to manage anything other than Asian soybean rust were limited until now."
"Applying fungicides to soybeans is receiving a lot of attention due to the concerns about Asian soybean rust. This also leads to increased attention on the value of fungicides managing secondary diseases in soybeans," explains Jim Bloomberg, fungicide product development manager, Bayer CropScience.
Bloomberg says that yield returns in soybean fields treated with fungicides may vary due to variables such as selected soybean cultivars and weather conditions.
"During most seasons, a timely fungicide application will increase yields that can result in a significant economic benefit," Bloomberg says.
Previously, Stratego had a Section 18 Emergency Exemption for use on soybeans to manage Asian soybean rust. Stratego also is approved to manage fungal diseases in corn, rice, peanuts, pecans and cereal grains.
Growers and retailers can learn more about Stratego by visiting the Web site www.BayerGrowingStrong.com; or, by calling 1-866-99-BAYER.


text:
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The Canisius College Video Institute's latest project, 1812: By Fire and Sword, is a narrative film and virtual exhibit features local re-enactors and professional actors telling the stories of The Burning of Buffalo, Red Jacket, Laura Secord, Cyrenius Chapin, General McClure and other key events that characterized The War of 1812 in the "Niagara Theatre." The five short films were made with The Buffalo History Museum in conjunction with its exhibit, By Fire and Sword: War in the Niagara Theatre, 1812-1814 on view at the museum through June 2014.
The Canisius College Video Institute will premiere 1812: By Fire and Sword on Wednesday, November 20, 2013 at 7 p.m. at The Buffalo History Museum, 25 Nottingham Court, Buffalo, NY. Prior to the screening at 6 p.m., Town of Tonawanda historian John Percy will give a lecture on the Battle of Queenston Heights. A Q&A and reception will follow the screening. The event is free and open to the public.
By Fire and Sword: War in the Niagara Theatre, which opened September 12, 2013 at The Buffalo History Museum, focuses on activity in the Niagara Frontier and takes an in-depth look at the region's vital role in The War of 1812. The Canisius College Video Institute students conceptualized and created an interactive "virtual exhibit." As museum guests approach By Fire and Sword artifacts, they touch Google Nexus tablets to view the film re-enactments inside the context of the museum experience. These clips are linked to museum artifacts through a technique called "historical geotagging."
More than 30 historians, consultants, technicians and actors participated in the 1812: By Fire and Sword project. The Canisius students who participated include:
- Rich Lunghino '13, art director, associate producer
- Erik Taheri '14, app developer, cinematographer
- Jason Insalaco '13, director, cinematographer, series editor
- Tim Marcolini '13, scriptwriterLauren Mosier '13, cinematographer, scene editor
- Ashley Fike '13, production assistant
- Brian Russ '13, 3d modeler, graphic designer
- Steve Lakomski '14, graphic designerJoshua Smith '14, 3d modeler
- Tom Etu '14, actor
- Hussam Harb AlMukhtar '13, actor
- Brianna Blank '14, cinematographer, editor and assistant director
The 1812: By Fire and Sword project was supervised by Jamie O'Neil, associate professor and director of digital media arts and co-director of The Canisius College Video Institute. P.J. Moskal, PhD, assistant professor of digital media arts, led the development of the near field communication system that utilizes the Google Nexus tablets for the deployment of media within The Buffalo History Museum.
To view the film trailer, click here. View the virtual exhibit here.
The1812: By Fire and Sword project was made possible by a $35,000 grant from the J. Warren Perry and Donald Perry Memorial Fund.
The Canisius College Video Institute provides students with opportunities to put their classroom lessons to work on projects that enrich their learning and benefit the community. Students produce service-oriented videos, narrative films and social documentaries all connected by the theme of social justice to promote discourse on ethical, social and cultural issues relevant to our world today. The award-winning program is interdisciplinary, encourages global awareness and puts students in the position of doing social justice.
The Canisius College Video Institute is co-directed by Barbara J. Irwin, PhD, professor of communication studies, and Jamie O'Neil, director of The Digital Media Arts Program.
For additional information about the event or The Video Institute, contact Jamie O'Neil at (716) 888-3123 or click here for the Video Institute website.
Canisius College is one of 28 Jesuit universities in the nation and the premier private university in Western New York.


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Airstream Caravan Attracts Veteran RVers
July 26, 2010 by RVBusiness · 1 Comment
The types of people and where they travel on a Wally Byam Caravan, like the one that stopped in Helena, Mont., recently, are as different as the variety of styles of Airstreams they drive, but nearly all have one thing in common: they all camped in a tent once.
Times have changed for these friendly, travel-loving campers who believe that as we age, our bodies need more amenities like water and electricity, as well as some cushion under the covers, the Helena Independent Record reported.
"We were once flat on the ground, until our bones needed a pad or a blow-up," said Phil Glassey, wagonmaster for the caravan of about 50 Airstreams on the National Landmarks Caravan, which started in Hardin, Mont., in early July and will end some 45 days later in Arcata, Calif.
Participants wear name tags that include their hometowns, making it apparent that Airstream zealots come from all over — New Jersey, North Carolina, and Ontario, Canada.
Cecil and Kathryn Childers are from Corpus Christi, Texas. Cecil retired from psychiatry two weeks before they set out on their first caravan tour. Kathryn was one of the first female agents in the U.S. Secret Service, has hosted her own television show and most recently started a publishing company.
Bob and Nancy Russell are from Diamondale, Mich. Bob is retired from the state's highway department. The couple began Airstreaming 30 years ago and have done 25 trips.
John and Cissy Thibadeau are native Atlantans and have been married 42 years. Cissy is a retired teacher who still substitutes when she can. John is a mechanical engineer who spent four years on active duty in the Navy nuclear submarine program. He started a real estate company, development and construction company. Today, he manages investment properties and tries to work one day a week, unless a better opportunity to play golf or tennis comes along.
The group visited Montana's capital city about 10 days into the trip and set up camp at the Lincoln Road RV Park. During their first group outing, they enjoyed a wagon-train dinner ride at the Last Chance Ranch, 9 miles south of town up Grizzly Gulch. The next morning they headed north to ride the tour boat through the Gates of the Mountains and visited the Historical Society in the afternoon.
They traveled in their Airstreams north to Great Falls and are scheduled to be in Glacier National Park this week. From there, they'll head west to Washington, then south through Oregon and end in California.
Airstreams were first officially made under the name in 1934; each trailer was custom-made because developer Wally Byam didn't have a production line. In 1936, Byam built a riveted aluminum shell that looks similar to modern models.
In 1942, the War Production Board ordered the manufacturing of house trailers to be halted, except when making them for government purposes. When the war was over and the ban lifted, Byam struggled to get his business going for lack of capital.
There were two Airstream factories in 1952, one in Van Nuys, Calif., and another in Jackson Center, Ohio, where the corporate office is today.
During the following 10 years, the company grew. Byam and his wife, Stella, led every caravan between the winter if 1951 and the spring of 1960.
The Wally Byam Caravan Club is now one of the largest clubs in trailering. There are currently 19 planned caravan tours listed on its website.
It's not a requirement to be retired, but because the trips are sometimes months long, it helps.
The only person not at or nearing retirement age on the caravan is 11-year-old Michaela Heese, of Arkansas, who was spending time with her grandparents, Florene and Selwyn Heese.
The trip appealed to the soon to be seventh-grader because, she said with a giggle, it got her away from her three brothers.
Michaela didn't seem to mind not having access to video games, a cell phone or online chatting with friends. She was happy enough to test her creativity by taking pictures using a red Vivitar.
"I loved going to Yellowstone because I saw stuff I haven't seen before," she said.
Kathryn Childers says part of the charm of the caravan is the pets that accompany the group.
"Everyone brings their animals," she said.
When entering the Childers' 25-foot Airstream with pink flamingos painted on the side and chili pepper lights strung outside, Ellie, the happy cocker spaniel, greets you at the door. When it's time to travel to the next stop along the way, Ellie is even buckled in a seat belt before they push off.
Kathryn says traveling the country was a "bucket list" item.
"I wanted to get it done before I'm not able," the vivacious author said.
Visiting new places with an Airstream was more appealing than traveling by plane, staying in hotels and renting cars, she said.
"It's like every night you go home," Kathryn said.
Many say it's nice to have the trip organized by someone else.
Glassey, an outdoor enthusiast and mountain climber from Olympia, Wash., is just that person on this particular trip. He's been Airstreaming for the past decade, and started leading caravans in 2008. It's his job to organize and plan the entire trip, not to mention be the "go to" guy for everything.
An Airstream caravan will likely become an annual tradition for Bernie and Doris Goldstein and Tom and Nancy Harrington, who have been close friends since 1965, when they were neighbors in Bakersfield, Calif.
Today the Harringtons reside in Sunlakes, Ariz., and the Goldsteins in Ventura, Calif., but they've managed to plan a trip together nearly every year since they first met. They can't remember ever having an argument.
"We just stay together long enough not to get in an argument," Nancy said.
The Goldsteins got their Airstream first, but it wasn't long before the Harrington's got the bug and joined them.
Nancy says that when she thinks about the Airstream caravan, the word "hospitality" comes into her mind, followed by "fun, fellowship and adventure."