text:
Imaging in cochlear implant patients
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|April 26, 2012
Imaging procedures are a mainstream tool in the daily ENT workflow. Cochlear Implant patients are representing a special population with specific demands for imaging. There are different imaging techniques available for pre-operative evaluation, surgery and postoperative controls with different indications and consequences. High-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are mainly used in the evaluation process. New procedures, as digital volume tomography, are increasingly used intra- and postoperatively. Especially the intracochlear positioning in malformations of the inner ear, eventually added with radiological assisted navigation, can be considered a standard of modern cochlear implant surgery. In addition, digital volume tomography may serve as a quality control tool focusing on the evaluation of the intracochlear electrode position. The range of applications, indications and current results are illustrated.
1. Introduction
Electrical stimulation of the hearing nerve for auditory rehabilitation by cochlear implants is the standard therapy in congenital and acquired severe to profound deafness. Current developments are characterized by expanding indications for cochlear implant surgery, e. g. in residual hearing, single sided deafness [1], surgery in very young children following the successful introduction of newborn hearing screening, and geriatric patients due to demographic changes. According to the experience of the last 25 years, imaging procedures are of utmost importance. Computed tomography (CT) and magnet resonance imaging (MRI) reveal malformations of the inner ear in up to 20% of childhood patients [2], [3]. The improvement of surgical therapy by navigation and, in future, by robotics is based on the use of imaging procedures. This survey is supposed to give an overview on currently available and necessary imaging procedures for cochlear implant patients.
2. Basic considerations on imaging
Today radiologic and magnet resonance imaging procedures are available in the daily clinical use. Procedures are selected according to the goal of the examination and can be divided into preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative imaging procedures.
3. Preoperative imaging
High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and magnetic resonance imaging are regularly used for cochlear implant preoperative evaluation for the evaluation of inner ear malformations, surgical planning, and especially the imaging of the VIIIth nerve [2], [3], [4]. In children, these imaging procedures are especially important due to the high incidence of inner ear malformations. Evaluations at the University Clinic in Freiburg revealed malformations in up to 15% of computed tomographies in childhood cochlear implant candidates [3]. Malformations of the inner ear can be characterized by slight changes of the morphology (e. g. dysplasia of the vestibular organ, slight shortening of the cochlea) up to complex malformations of the complete temporal bone, e. g. CHARGE syndrome [5]. The features of surgical planning in complex malformations are discussed in the chapter Navigation. High resolution computed tomography is able to evaluate especially bony structures. An accurate analysis of the cochlear labyrinth is important for a precise surgical planning. The manufacturers of cochlear implant devices provide various electrodes (like short, long, preformed, straight, perimodiolar). After analyzing the malformation, the proper electrode has to be chosen by the surgeon. For example: In case that the analysis of the computed tomography reveals a hypoplastic cochlea (Figure 1 [Fig. 1]) with a total outer wall length of <20 mm, the surgeon has to choose the appropriate electrode.
The use of high resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone in cochlear implant preoperative evaluation is currently discussed, as the identification of the VIIIth nerve by magnetic resonance imaging might be sufficient for the indication for surgery. However, imaging of the facial nerve with MRI is not sufficient today, and therefore the estimation of surgical risks or the accurate course of the facial nerve is difficult. Without a doubt, implant surgery should be performed by an experienced surgeon, but anyway, high resolution computed tomography is still the gold standard of preoperative diagnostics.
Magnetic resonance imaging allows the identification of the structures of the internal auditory canal (for example if aplasia of the VIIIth nerve is suspected; [4]) but also the imaging of central structures. With an increasing number of older patients receiving cochlear implants, we can expect an increasing number of patients suffering from central morbidities, for example acoustic neuroma [6], [7]. Consequently, therapeutic decisions have to be considered but also the necessity of further controls ideally performed with magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, the choice of the device has to be critically discussed as further MRI controls should be able to be performed without additional surgery [8].
4. Intraoperative radiological procedures
Until recently intraoperative imaging was limited to classical X-ray techniques (fluoros-copy). With expanding indications like CI in inner ear malformations, the intraoperative control of electrode positioning is required to exclude a misplaced insertion, for example into the internal auditory canal (Figure 2 [Fig. 2]), or to confirm correct intracochlear electrode placement [9]. High resolution CT and the newly developed digital volume tomography (DVT) are available for the intraoperative evaluation within the operation theatre. Mobile DVT or CT are cost effective and avoids additional surgical procedures as well as additional transport of the patient in general anaesthesia and as such reduce time and costs [10]. These imaging procedures are suitable especially for surgical centres with sufficient numbers of surgeries, thus the experience to perform such surgeries and evaluations.
5. Navigation
Neuronavigation in cochlear implant surgery is based on the use of imaging procedures. Typically HRCT (and MRI) are the basis for navigation. A new development is the combination of intraoperative imaging via DVT and navigation in the operation room [9]. Non-critical steps of the surgery (for example mastoidectomy) can be performed before using DVT to reduce the delay between the set-up of navigation and data acquisition. Critical surgical steps like the navigated cochleostomy in inner ear malformations (Figure 3 [Fig. 3]) are performed directly following the set-up of navigation. This is important as former evaluations revealed a correlation between quality of navigation and delay between set-up and data acquisition [11], [12]. By using mobile DVT, the insertion of the electrode array can then be performed under direct fluoroscopic control, or the result may be controlled by DVT or CT directly after insertion (Figure 3 [Fig. 3]). The use of robotics is currently under evaluation for atraumatic, minimal invasive cochlear implant surgery [13], [14], [15].
6. Postoperative imaging procedures
For postoperative evaluation HRCT, DVT, and MRI are available. The aim of postoperative evaluation is the documentation of the electrode placement, quality control of cochlear implant surgery, and the evaluation of the temporal bone in case of complications or additional central morbidities (e. g. acoustic neuroma, cerebral tumor, cerebral-vascular diseases, etc.). In children, a transorbital X-ray or cochlear view [16] is commonly used. Documentation of the electrode insertion by simple X-ray in the temporal bone (Figure 4 [Fig. 4]) allows later comparison of the electrode position even years after surgery. Due to the low radiation exposure by simple X-ray, the use of extensive postoperative radiological evaluation in childhood is not indicated and should only be used in case of malformations, additional surgeries or in complications.
7. Basics of electrode evaluation with DVT
Evaluations of the electrode position in human temporal bones are essential for the use of DVT in human implantation [17], [18], [19], [20]. In these temporal bone trials, DVT after the insertion of the electrode array is followed by evaluation of the electrode position by DVT. Afterwards, the temporal bone is processed histologically using standard techniques [20]. DVT allows the reconstruction on any plane so that the histological slices can be matched to the identical plane in the DVT. Already in 1945, Wullstein [21] pointed out that any radiological technique will be able to demonstrate its quality when radiological and histological results are compared.
8. Comparison of HRCT and DVT in postoperative evaluation
The basis of DVT are isovolumetric data characterized by a very small metal artefact and a low radiation exposure [15], [22], [23], [24]. The weakness of DVT is its insufficient delineation of soft tissues. HRCT has probably a higher radiation exposure and a larger metal artefact. Human temporal bone trials could demonstrate the advantages of DVT especially due to the smaller metal artefact and voxel size (depending on manufacturer) of only 0.3 mm for evaluation of the intracochlear position of the electrode array.
In adults, the postoperative quality control can be performed with DVT [25], [26]. The interest of evaluation is the individual surgical result as well as the intracochlear electrode positioning. The surgical aim of an atraumatic insertion into the scala tympani is generally accepted today. On the one hand, the scala tympani is of larger size for the placement of electrodes, on the other hand, the preservation of residual hearing is only possible in scala tympani insertions. Own experience could demonstrate that the rate of scala vestibuli insertions is widely underestimated in cochleostomy approaches. Quality control of the electrode position in the human cochlea is supposed to reveal in which of the two scalae the electrode was inserted and also, if a dislocation from one scala to the other had occurred. These data are either underestimated or unknown, too. Moreover, quality control should answer the question if the electrode position has any influence on rehabilitation results following cochlear implant surgery. In our PORT study (postoperative rotation tomography) the postoperative control of the electrode position after adult cochlear implant surgery is performed routinely with DVT. DVT appears advantageous [17], [22], [24], [25], [26] and is available for all electrodes and manufacturers (Figure 5 [Fig. 5]). Lane et al. 2007 [27] evaluated the electrode position by comparing pre- and postoperative HRCT but were not able to perform an evaluation in up to 30%. Therefore this evaluation technique for postoperative control (with increased radiation exposure) does not seem appropriate for routine control. Similar results are available from Skinner et al. 2007 [28]. Transmodiolar reconstructions of HRCT pre- and postoperatively were compared – an extremely time-consuming procedure that will not become accepted in a daily routine.
Evaluating the electrode position with the Contour electrode in a first group of patients [25] we found an unexpected amount of scala vestibuli insertions (62%). This can be assessed as poorer surgical quality at that time; in addition we found a dislocation rate from scala tympani to scala vestibuli of 71%; similarly this rate was not expected after the initial temporal bone trials [29], [30]. Following the optimization of the position of the cochleostomy (anterior and inferior of the round window) we observed a significant improvement of the surgical results [26] with an increase of the scala tympani insertion rate to 84%. Dislocations from scala tympani to scala vestibuli declined to 22%. The continuous radiological control and feed-back for the surgeons of insertion resulted in an improvement of the surgical procedure and also improved our understanding of the cochlear anatomy and the intraoperative behaviour of the electrode array. Only correct evaluation and apprehension of the cochlea anatomy with its rotation within the temporal bone and the course of the electrode insertion may explain the significant reduction of dislocations. In the following evaluations the Contour Advance electrode was inserted; improvement of the electrode tip may also have been critical for improvement of the dislocation rate. Also the control of the surgical results of individual surgeons could demonstrate that scala tympani insertion rates, learning curves, and dislocation rates are highly individual and improve over time.
For the first time a correlation between postoperative electrode position and results of rehabilitation could be identified [26]. Patients with scala tympani insertions and a short duration of deafness performed significantly better in typical German speech tests like Freiburg Numbers, Freiburg Monosyllables, and Oldenburg Sentence Test when compared to patients with scala vestibuli insertions and short duration of deafness. Finley et al. 2008 [31] were able to confirm our observations showing that results of rehabilitation are correlated to the number of electrode contacts within the scala tympani.
9. Postoperative MRI
The use of postoperative MRI is a specific challenge. Additional surgical procedures may be necessary for the CI patient, e. g. for removement and replacement of the magnet, for additional revision surgery due to a dislocation of the internal magnet, or replacement of the internal magnet due to a loss of the magnet's strength [8], [32]. Application of MRI depends on the implant type and can result in different sizes of the artefact (Figure 6 [Fig. 6]). In general, MRI evaluations are possible up to 1.5 tesla (with or without magnet, depending on recommendation of the manufacturer). In the future we expect an increasing number of postoperative MRI evaluations because of the demographic changes. The indication for performing a postoperative MRI could be complications or central morbidities. This will result in an increasing number of MRI evaluations with a working cochlear implant and in an increasing number of additional surgical procedures.
10. DVT for further diagnostic evaluations
Due to the CT-like quality with lower radiation exposure [22] DVT can be used as an alternative, for example if in later sequential cochlear implantation the initial CT scan is not available anymore. Further developments also indicate that DVT may be used for evaluation of the nasal sinuses and the middle ear as well as in maxillo-facial surgery [33], [34], [35]. Also the use of DVT in private practices is under discussion. Due to the improvement of quality DVT may be replace HRCT for diagnostics at least partially.
11. Imaging procedures outside the clinical routine
Highly specialized evaluation procedures such as SPECT, PET and fMRI are still not available within the clinical routine. The interest of these evaluations in cochlear implant patients is cortical plasticity [36], [37]. The activation of different parts of the central auditory pathway following electrostimulation may indicate the plasticity of different neural populations [38]. Giraud and Lee 2007 [39] used preoperative PET examinations and identified that specific central organisation structures might work as prognostic factors for results of rehabilitation in children. A critical point of PET and SPECT is the increased radiation exposure; thus the results are still limited to a small patient population.
12. Future perspectives
Imaging procedures in cochlear implant patients are an essential tool for pre-, intra- and postoperative diagnostics. Classic X-ray examinations, HRCT, MRI and DVT are available. DVT is characterized by its CT-like quality. We expect a broader use of this evaluation technique in the future. A fusion of DVT and MRI will be available and might improve the soft tissue information immensely.
Imaging procedures like PET, SPECT and fMRI for scientific evaluation will improve our knowledge of the central organisation and reorganisation of the auditory pathway. Navigation and robotic assistance at surgery will help to further improve surgical quality. Navigation and DVT assisted surgery will be performed mainly in complex malformations of the temporal bone.
Common goal of all imaging procedures in cochlear implant patients is the improvement of surgical planning and results, the control of surgical quality, and the reduction of complications.
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BRISTOL, Tenn. – After facing a 12-point first half deficit and a suffocating press defense, the King University women's basketball team used a Chelsea Bowling three-pointer with five seconds left to defeat Pfeiffer University 56-54.
Pfeiffer (4-20, 3-13 Conference Carolinas) had hit a three-pointer of its own just eight seconds earlier as Carter Williams, who had a game-high 15 points, launched a shot from deep in the corner to put the Falcons up by a point. After calling a timeout to set up the inbounds play, the Tornado (16-9, 10-7 Conference Carolinas) found Tia Keitt streaking up the right sideline. The defense collapsed around Keitt as she angled toward the basket and into the lane, allowing Bowling space to set up in the corner for the game-winning shot. Keitt's pass was perfectly timed, and Bowling launched her three-point attempt as Williams desperately tried in vain to alter the shot. The large crowd erupted into a frenzy as Bowling's shot tickled the twine and gave King a 56-54 lead with five seconds to play.
Pfeiffer chose not to use their final remaining timeout, instead hoping to score amidst the chaos. But Williams' final attempt came after the final horn, the King bench spilled onto the floor in celebration, and the Tornado had a dramatic come-from-behind victory in the final seconds that helped King stay alive in the race for third place in the conference standings.
The game was physical from start to finish, with bodies flying for every rebound and players diving for loose balls. Bonnie Durrett and Alley Sprouse had 11 and 10 rebounds, respectively, helping the Tornado outrebound Pfeiffer 49-47. Durrett also blocked three shots on the night. Jalan Harper led King with 12 points on 4-of-5 shooting, also totaling six rebounds and three assists. Tia Keitt had 11 points on a 5-of-7 night from the field and pitched in four rebounds and three assists.
Both teams made 21 shots from the floor, including 10 from three-point range. But the Tornado took 16 less attempts on the night, shooting 35.6 percent to just 28.0 percent for the Falcons. The teams combined to shoot just 14 free throws overall, with both teams shooting below 50 percent.
The game appeared to be a blowout for the Falcons in the early going. After a Keitt jumper to pull King to within 12-10, Pfeiffer went on a 10-0 run and took a 22-10 lead. A three-point basket by Brittany Stringer stopped the 6:14 scoring drought for the Tornado. King chipped away at the Falcons' lead throughout the next five minutes of play. A Kelly Jackson three-point play with 1:34 to play in the half brought King to within five points, then three-pointers by Harper and Keitt gave the Tornado a 30-29 advantage at the break. After the long scoring drought, the Tornado made seven of their last ten field-goal attempts of the half, including the final three, to take the lead.
Neither team led by more than five points in a back-and-forth second half. Pfeiffer nailed two consecutive three-point attempts in a 27-second span to open a 51-50 lead with 2:05 to play. A layup by Jalan Harper gave the lead back to King a minute later, and a made free throw with 31 seconds left set the stage for the final sequence.
With tonight's victory, the Tornado keep alive their hopes for earning the No. 3 seed in the upcoming Conference Carolinas Tournament powered by OrthoCarolina. The Tornado and Mount Olive have identical 10-7 league marks and are tied for third place in the conference standings, just one game ahead of Barton and Lees-McRae in a tie for fifth. Erskine currently sits in sixth place at 8-8 with two games remaining on their schedule, while the other four teams each have one game left. The Tornado could finish anywhere between third and seventh in the conference standings. The top four teams will host opening-round games of the conference tournament on Saturday, March 1.
King's lone remaining regular season contest will tip off in Tigerville, S.C. at 5:30 p.m. on Tuesday, February 25 against North Greenville University, which will be the No. 8 seed in the upcoming conference tournament.

subset: commoncrawl


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Browns Valley, CA
Helen Mary Holway
Oct. 8, 1939 - Feb. 12, 2013
Helen Mary Holway of Browns
Valley, CA, passed away February 12, 2013. She was 73. Helen was a native of CA, born on
October 08, 1939, to the late Frank Alfred Gadow and Sadie Louise Gadow of San Leandro. She was 2nd of 3 children.
Survivor to four sons: Steven Wheeler of Fremont, CA, Shannon Houtrouw of Michigan, Flynn Holway and Shaughn Houtrouw both of Las Vegas, NV; three daughters: Kathy Petersen of Browns Valley, Kelly Acrie of Las Vegas, NV and Casey Houtrouw of Washington; Two Brothers: Frank Gadow of San Ramon, CA and John Gadow of St. John's, AZ; Twenty Grand Children and Eight Great-Grand Children.
She was preceded in death by Husband Canon Wheeler, Father Frank Alfred Gadow, Husband Bruce Alexander Holway, Mother Sadie Louise Gadow, and Son
Richard Alan Wheeler.
Loving Wife of 28 years to the late Bruce Alexander Holway - Married July 23, 1972.
Helen was raised in San Leandro, CA. In 1953, Married Canon Wheeler moving to Hayward and lovingly raised her 3 children as they battled many years together with Canon's Multiple Sclerosis.
Being the tender woman she was, she fell in Love with Bruce and married in 1972. After raising their combined family of 8 children, they ran a Restaurant/Bar in Fremont for a few years. In 1979 they opened the Delta Owl Tavern in Holt, CA where they worked side by side for 19 years. Helen loved people and they loved her. In 1998, they retired at their sanctuary overlooking Collins Lake in Browns Valley, CA. Helen stood by Bruce's side during his battle with Esophagus Cancer until Nov. 2000. She was the best nurse he ever had. In 2005, she herself was diagnosed with breast cancer, fought it and was proudly an *8* year SURVIVOR. After battling with a heart attack in July 2011, stroke in Dec 2012 and Brain
Tumor in Jan 2013, Our Lord gave her Peace and called her home.
Helen was a very strong, kind,
loving woman to everyone and
everything she touched. She
always enjoyed her family gatherings and activities, especially BBQ's, gardening, shopping and an occasional trip with her friends to Reno/Tahoe.
A Loving Mother, Sister, Grandma, Great-Grandma, Aunt and Friend, she will be deeply missed by all, as she touched the lives of many and had an impact on each one. May she rest in peace and
continue to show her loving ways through those she left behind.
A Special Thank You to our
extended family for their incredibly loving touch and care during the time living at Emerald Oaks Assisted Living and the gentle touch of Sutter North Hospice, our family was blessed to have such support when we needed it the most.
Services: "Celebration of Live" to be held Thursday Jan 21st at Park View Cemetery, 3661 French Camp Road, Manteca, CA at 2:30pm. 209-982-1611. Under the direction of Holycross Memorial Services in Yuba City, CA
530-751-7000. Donations may be made to Sutter North Hospice, 400 Plumas Blvd., Suite 115, Yuba City, CA 95991.


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By David Crane defrev (at) gmail (dot) com December 4, 2009 Updated on 12/15/09 Marine Times (a.k.a. Marine Corps Times) is reporting on the U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) selecting the Heckler & Koch Infantry Automatic Rifle–or HK IAR, for short–to replace the FN M249 SAW/LMG (Squad Automatic Weapon/Light Machine Gun). The HK IAR is a 5.56x45mm NATO (5.56mm NATO) gas ... Read More »
Tag Archives: hk416 carbine
HK416 Carbine/SBR Confiscation Program Unleashed on U.S. Army AWG
by David Crane defrev at gmail dot com March 20, 2008 DefenseReview was one of the first publications to report on the results of the Fall 2007 M4 Carbine "Extreme Dust Test". We published that story on December 18, 2007. Well, on December 19, 2007, we received two email communications (below) from one of our professional contacts in U.S. Army ... Read More »
FERFRANS SOAR Select-Fire SBRs and Carbines, and GRSC Combat Rifle Scope (CRS) at the Range
by David Crane defrev at gmail.com All photographic images contained in this article were taken by DefenseReview.com, and they are the exclusive property of DefenseReview.com. DefenseReview.com owns the copyright on these photos. All photos were shot with a 7.2-megapixel Sony Cyber-shot digital camera (Model #: DSC-P150). July 30, 2007 Back in April, DefenseReview published a short article on our approx. ... Read More »
HK45 and HK45 Compact (HK45C) Pistols: Future USSOCOM Combat Pistol (CP) System?
by David Crane [email protected] Gunwriters David Fortier (David M. Fortier) and Ken Hackathorn have both recently written articles about the HK45 and HK45C .45 ACP combat pistols, and both articles can be viewed at the Vickers Tactical Inc. website (VickersTactical.com). The articles are in PDF format and are downloadable. Vickers Tactical, Inc. is owned by gunsmith/pistolsmith and retired U.S. Army ... Read More »
Is the U.S. Army Deliberately Endangering the Lives of Our Warfighters?
by David Crane [email protected] On January 11th (2006), DefenseWatch/Soldiers For The Truth (SFTT) published an article by DW/SFTT editor Nat Helms about a critical/damaging U.S. Marine Corps forensic study on Interceptor OTV body armor, titled Interceptor OTV Body Armor Costs Lives, An Internal USMC Report Shows.Two days later, on January 13th (2006), DefenseReview reported on the current Pinnacle Armor Dragon ... Read More »
HK416 Video Clip from AFJ Shoot-Out at Blackwater 2005
by David Crane [email protected] While you're over at the Armed Forces Journal (AFJ) Shoot-0ut at Blackwater 2005 page checking out the Auto Assault-12 (AA-12) full-auto shotgun video, you'll also want to take a look at their video clip on Heckler & Koch's HK416 carbine/subcarbine (5.56x45mm). In the video, you'll want to listen to what AFJ evaluators Bob Taubert and Lt. ... Read More »
HK416 Piston-Driven 5.56 Carbine and High-Reliability 30-Round Steel Mag
by David Crane [email protected] All digital photos of the HK416 Enhanced Carbine at International SOF Week/APBI below were taken by, and are the exclusive property of, DefenseReview.com. Click on photos below to view them full-size. July 15, 2005 It looks like the FN SCAR-Light (FN SCAR-L) carbine/subcarbine (select-fire, 5.56x45mm) might have some competition in SOF (Special Operations Forces) circles–and, more ... Read More »
DSA Z4-GTC (Gas Trap Carbine) vs. Arms Tech Compak-16 vs. HK416?
by David Crane [email protected] DefenseReview is eager to see a three-way match-up between a full-auto/select-fire version of the DSA Z4-GTC (Gas Trap Carbine) the Arms Tech Compak-16 subcarbine (and longer-barreled Arms Tech Recon Rifle) and the HK416 carbine/subcarbine (formerly known as "HKM4" or "HK M4" carbine/subcarbine) in an adverse conditions/high-round-count test. To date, of the three, the Compak-16 subcarbine is ... Read More »


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The Alumni Relations team is dedicated to keeping you connected to LeTourneau University and each other through events in your area, networking opportunities and the latest information on what is happening on campus.
If you have any comments or questions, please feel free to contact our office at firstname.lastname@example.com or call us at 903-233-3842 or 800-259-2586.
The Alumni Relations team and Alumni Advisory Council are excited to launch a brand new resource for our graduating seniors and recent alumni. We've designed lifeafterLETU to serve as an online guide to the practical questions our seniors and recent graduates will have as they embark on new careers, relocation to a new city, navigating finances and staying connected to their alma mater in meaningful ways.
Our thanks to all of the alumni who shared their expertise - keep it coming! If you have ideas and advice to share please contact Lauren Land at email@example.com today.
Jamie DeYoung
Director of Alumni & Parent Relations
(903) 233-3841
Gail Ritchey
Assistant to the Director of Alumni & Parent Relations
(903) 233-3842
Lauren Land
Parent & Student Relations Officer
(903) 233-3843
We would love to hear from you! Please take a moment to update us with a new email or mailing address, a new job or career success/a recent wedding/baby and more!
If you have a child currently attending or entering LeTourneau, please share that with us as we build our Legacy Program. Thank you!
Read the Latest NOW Magazine Online!


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National Director's Awards
The Director of the Indian Health Service (IHS) recognizes individuals or groups of employees whose special efforts and contributions, beyond regular duty requirements, have resulted in significant benefits to IHS programs, priorities, or customers and fulfillment of the IHS mission.
Nominations are to be submitted for one of the following award categories based on the nature of the act, service, or performance.
Award Categories & Criteria
Form & Submission Instructions
- Award Nomination Form [PDF - 670 KB]
- Attachment A - Required for Team Submission [PDF - 78 KB]
The IHS National Director's Award nominations must be initiated and signed by the nominator and the award nominee's supervisor, then concurred and ranked by the Area Director (Areas only) or the respective Headquarters Office Director and Deputy Director (HQ only).
The Area Award Coordinators will coordinate the receipt and review of all nominations and rankings through their respective Area Director, and all HQ staff will submit nominations through their respective Office Director.
Area Award Coordinators must scan and email all nominations and rankings electronically to the IHS National Director's Awards Committee. Nominations must be received by Friday, March 2, 2018. Nominations received after this date will not be considered. If you have any questions, please e-mail the IHS National Director's Awards Committee.


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For love of the (family) game
Two Minor Leaguers find a lifelong comfort in baseball
By Kelsie Heneghan / MiLB.com | January 27, 2014 10:00 AM
They grew up playing catch with the likes of Jose Canseco and Mark McGwire. Some were given the opportunity to be Carlos Beltran's batboy in the Minor Leagues. And their dads' business trips involved batting cages and coaches rather than board rooms and bosses.
Growing up with a professional athlete for a father may seem glamorous or lonely. But for many of these descendants of the game -- like Jaron Long and Niko Gallego -- it was just life.
"It was difficult, but it was just all we ever knew," said Gallego, the son of former Major League infielder and current A's third base coach Mike Gallego.
The younger Gallego, a Minor League free agent, spent any chance he could on the baseball field with his dad and teammates.
Like Niko, Long couldn't wait to get a taste of his father's life. The son of Yankees hitting coach and former Minor Leaguer Kevin Long, Jaron defied the rules regarding unaccompanied minors at a young age and would fly to join his father on the team bus.
The more time the boys spent in their fathers' worlds, the more they wanted to become professional athletes themselves.
"It's just like everything else: Everyone wants to be like their dad, so I was just fortunate enough that my dad was a big league baseball player and something to aspire to," Niko said.
Though their fathers were known around Major League clubhouses, the paths of Jaron and Niko to the big leagues have not been red carpet-covered.
Both played college ball -- Jaron at Ohio State after a year at a junior college and Niko at his father's alma mater, UCLA. After his junior year, Long went undrafted, but his dream of joining his father in the Yankees organization wasn't over.
Kevin Long devised a plan for his son to play in the Cape Cod League. And after Jaron allowed just one run over 29 innings, he had multiple Major League offers on the table, including one from the Yankees.
"It was one of those things where I felt like if we could be closer together, it would always be better," Jaron said. "I've grown up most of my life with my dad out of town or traveling or being away, not by choice, but because that's what he does for a living. And I loved it and he loved it."
The 21-year-old right-hander signed with New York last summer, left the Cape League early and appeared in six games between the Rookie-level Gulf Coast Yankees and Class A Advanced Tampa.
While Kevin and Jaron will be headed to separate Yankees camps next month, the two will be living together, along with the family matriarch, Marcey. And that makes for a very happy father.
"He's going to Minor League camp and I'm going to big league camp, but when it's all said and done, we'll be home together and my wife will be cooking for us," Kevin Long said. "It's just something that we are extremely thankful and blessed that it's happening to us."
As one family prepares for a spring together, another is seeking a second chance.
Released by the Rockies a few weeks ago, Niko Gallego continues to train in the hopes of getting an invitation to Spring Training. As the free agent pushes himself in the batting cage, his father pushes the keypad of his phone, hoping to find a baseball contact looking for an infielder, just as he did when the Diamondbacks released Niko in 2012.
"He was able to express that he's not trying to promote me just as his son, he truly believes in me as a player and, luckily enough, the Rockies gave me a chance," the 25-year-old second baseman said. "Now that I'm a free agent again, it's the same process."
There are times when Mike and Kevin are agents for their sons and there are times when they serve as the father figures they are to their players. Gallego the third base coach thinks about Niko when talking to his players, trying to get a better idea of how they feel.
The Yankees coach is glad Jaron chose pitching over being a position player, saying he thinks it would be "a little bit uncomfortable" to have to evaluate his son strictly as a hitter in the same organization.
Outside the chalked lines and away from the aroma of hot dogs, there's another sport that fosters father-son bonding and competition: golf.
Niko's recent success on the fairways stems from the fact that he now outdrives his father, while Jaron was able to take his game to the next level. In a pivotal moment in many father-son relationships, Jaron beat his father on the links for the first time. Sure, it was just a one-stroke victory, but it was a huge moral triumph.
"He is so talented at everything, but now I'm finally starting to pass him up," the triumphant and younger Long said.
Familial competition aside, the ultimate dream for the Longs is for Jaron to make his Major League debut with Kevin looking on from the dugout.
"I've had a lot of special days, but that would be by far the best day that I could ever imagine and dream of, probably even better than winning the World Series, which we already did," Kevin Long said, his smile evident even over the phone.
Having his son in the same organization is a chance for Kevin to make up for missing every high school game Jaron played -- something that still hurts to think about.
Both Niko and Jaron said they understood their fathers didn't want to be away. They knew they were playing the game they loved, a game that ending up embracing the sons.
From the time a 7-year-old Niko mimicked the batting stances of his father's Yankees teammates to the time a 6-year-old Jaron really thought his dad would let him bat for the Wilmington Blue Rocks in a Carolina League game, baseball has been a part of their identities.
While neither father pushed his son to play baseball, the game has been the bond that could not be broken.
"That was the thing that I think ended up making baseball worth as much as it has at this point," Jaron said. "I love it just as much as he does."
Kelsie Heneghan is a contributor to MiLB.com. Follow her on Twitter @Kelsie_Heneghan. This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.View More


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Tumblers and tipplers, homers and carriers, pouters and rollers all testify to the close association between pigeons and their relatives and people.
Wherever you go, downtown parks are populated by rock pigeons walking with bobbing heads looking for handouts. Mourning doves frequent feeders, filling their crops with millet. More recently, Eurasian collared doves have joined them at the feeding stations.
There is one more pigeon in our area. This one keeps its distance. Only a lucky few ever see band-tailed pigeons at their backyard feeder, and those who do usually live in the foothills well off the valley floor.
They are larger than the rock pigeon and have a distinctive orange bill and white collar. The banded tail is subtle, and you must have a very good view to see it. It's not the name I would have chosen for the species.
In spring you may hear their slow, booming call from deep in the forest. I suspect the call of the band-tailed pigeon inadvertently gave the mountain beaver the nickname of "boomer." They both live in the same habitat, and it is rare to see a bandtail singing. It's likely a case of mistaken identity. The mountain beaver is a squirrel-sized rodent restricted to forests of the Pacific Northwest that has almost no tail and no call, certainly no call worthy of the name. Why the name "beaver?" I haven't a clue.
Band-tailed pigeons inhabit mountain forests from British Columbia through Central America to northern Argentina, where they feed largely on fruit. As the blue elderberries ripen in the hills about the Rogue Valley, pigeons hang like over-sized ornaments threatening to break limbs as they feed.
Driving the road to Pilot Rock, shrubs erupt in noisy flocks of six to eight birds, wings clapping as they take off in a panic. Band-tailed pigeons can often be seen from the valley floor flying high in very loose flocks heading purposefully to some distant destination.
Not long ago, band-tailed pigeons were far less common in Oregon. Liberal hunting regulations in the 1960s and 1970s resulted in overharvest. This has since been corrected, and they are slowly recovering.
Several factors contributed to the decline. Band-tailed pigeons reproduce slowly, laying a single egg a year in a flimsy platform nest. The nest is often lacy enough to see the egg from beneath. This contrasts with the other pigeons and doves in the area that rear multiple broods each with two or more young.
Second, they seek out mineral springs, frequently flying 20 miles or more to favored sites. The location of these springs is well known to hunters, making harvest relatively easy.
The behavior is a consequence of their diet. Fruit is a great food, and most people should eat more. However, you can have too much of a good thing. While fruit is rich in some nutrients, it lacks others. For years it was thought that calcium was the critical nutrient pigeons were seeking in these springs. However, analysis of the water revealed they contain no abundance of calcium. It appears that salt is the principle attraction.
Late summer is a good time to observe these birds, especially in the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument. It offers abundant berries and fruits for the pigeons to feast on before heading south.
Stewart Janes is a biology professor at Southern Oregon University. He can be reached at email@example.com.
Forest-dwelling, band-tailed boomers
Tumblers and tipplers, homers and carriers, pouters and rollers all testify to the close association between pigeons and their relatives and people.


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Calibration management results in huge savings
Chobani® reduces costs and downtime by partnering with total calibration solution provider
Chobani was looking for a calibration management solution to increase the quality of their processes to the highest standard possible, in accordance with internal and external quality standards like SQF (Safe Quality Foods). Chobani's desire was to be able to manage and execute calibrations internally. Besides quality improvements, the calibration solution needed to increase the overall efficiency and be easily scalable to other production locations.
The Results
Increased productivity, efficiency and consistency due to improved preventative calibration plan supporting the audit efforts
Reduced downtime - Through a greater level of confidence, Chobani technicians are effectively handling critical items on the product lines during (un)planned shutdowns, resulting in downtime reduction with savings of a minimum of $7,500 per incident
Product loss reduction and quality improvement - Calibrations identified deviations in critical measuring points that caused "production yield" losses
The challenge
Number one in the U.S. for Greek yogurt, Chobani needed a knowledgeable calibration processes and management partner who could execute calibrations with their experienced calibration technicians (according to SOPs ensuring repeatability and consistent quality), as well as train technicians on-site.
Produced calibration certificates needed to be traceable to NIST and managed in such a way that information could be efficiently retrieved and analyzed by Quality Management or auditor's request.
The instrument data with calibration certificates were stored in W@M, a documentation management system. The future calibration management system will interface with the documentation management system enabling the existing work order system to be paperless resulting in efficiency gains and reduced errors. Chobani was provided with SOPs for consistency and repeatability of the calibration work. Chobani technicians were trained on-site to ensure upkeep of calibration work and installed base data.
Our Solution
It was important to understand all measuring instruments available in the plant. To save on project costs, calibrations were performed on all devices to establish a baseline. Important instrument data was captured along with calibration specific data such as criticality and MPE recommendations. The collected data was provided to Chobani electronically which will be used for the future calibration management solutions.


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Budget Preparation Guide
Table of Contents
Budget Frequently Asked Questions
Budget Preparation
Cost Sharing/Matching Funds
Budget Narrative
Institutional Budgetary Policies
Appendix A
Appendix B
The Sponsored Research Services is the central office charged with overseeing the conduct and promotion of research activities at Clarkson University. Although Clarkson recognizes teaching as its primary obligation, it also recognizes the value of research as a means of promoting innovation and creativity and of increasing knowledge and making the knowledge available and useful. It is the philosophy of the University that research supports and enhances its teaching mission.
Budget Frequently Asked Questions
Budgeting details and requirements vary considerably depending on the sponsor and type of proposal. It is helpful to consider the following questions prior to developing a budget:
What cost principles should be used in budget development?
Although cost principles specifically apply to federally sponsored agreements, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-21 (Cost Principles for Educational Institutions) is commonly used to describe the cost principles for all sponsored agreements at Clarkson.
What is the difference between direct and facilities and administrative (indirect) costs?
- Direct costs are costs that can be identified specifically with a particular sponsored project, an instructional activity, or any other institutional activity; or can be directly assigned to such activities relatively easily with a high degree of accuracy.
- F&A costs are costs that are incurred for common or joint objectives and therefore cannot be identified readily and specifically with a particular sponsored project, an instructional activity, or any other institutional activity.
What are nonrecoverable (unallowable) costs?
Expenditures for which Clarkson may not, by regulation, request reimbursement, either in whole or in part, from the federal government are considered nonrecoverable (unallowable). The cost principles in A-21 establish allowability.
Will the proposal incorporate cost-sharing?
Cost-sharing or matching is defined as the cost portion of a project or program not borne by the sponsor. All contributions, including cash and third party in-kind, are acceptable as cost-sharing contributions when they are:
- Verifiable (documented).
- Not included as contributions for any other project.
- Necessary and reasonable to accomplish the project's objectives.
- Allowable under A-21.
- Not paid for by the sponsor under another award.
- Provided for and stated in the approved award.
Cost sharing must be approved prior to submission of the proposal. Written approvals must be submitted to the Sponsored Research Services before the proposal will be mailed. A Proposal Approval form in interactive pdf format can be found here. This form can be saved, filled out and forwarded to the applicable approving Department Head(s), Dean(s), or other official(s).
Federal awards must conform to other provisions as stated in OMB Circular A-110 (Grants and Agreements With Institutions of Higher Education, Hospitals, and Other Nonprofit Organizations: Uniform Administrative Requirements) or in the sponsored agreement.
Some sponsors require cost-sharing in the proposal budget or indicate that it is recommended. When cost-sharing is recommended it usually means that it will be a factor during proposal evaluation. Cost-sharing requirements may be in the form of a specific ratio or stated percentage. The source and categories of the proposed cost-sharing commitment should be clearly cited in the budget justification.
When preparing a proposal that incorporates cost-sharing it is important to remember that any promised cost sharing becomes part of the project cost; the cost must be tracked, and is subject to audit. Every effort should be made to limit commitments, particularly when not required by the sponsor.
After award acceptance, failure to comply with the cost-sharing commitment may result in a loss of funding. Regular tracking of contributions is strongly encouraged, and will prevent under- or over- contribution. Over-contributing might preclude the use of those funds on other projects.
Cost-sharing should be treated in accordance with Clarkson's Cost Sharing Policy (under negotiation with new administration).
Is the budget being prepared in response to a solicitation?
Solicitations are used to communicate sponsor requirements to prospective contractors. For a complete description of the various proposal types, please refer to Clarkson's Guide to Proposal Preparation and Submission. A solicitation is a full statement of the work to be performed and may include the requirements of the proposed agreement, including terms and conditions. A proposal is an offer that can be accepted by the sponsor to create a binding agreement either following negotiations or without discussion.
Special consideration should be given to a solicitation's terms and conditions. It is important to provide the DOR with a copy of the solicitation at least 5 working days prior to the proposal deadline. There may be budgetary requirements and/or limitations such as total project cost, percentage of effort, equipment needs, explicitly restricted budget categories, required travel, F&A cost limitations, period of performance, or cost-sharing. Adhering to the solicitation's guidelines is crucial, as a specific budget format and level of budgetary detail and/or justification may be required.
Who do I contact to request special budgetary considerations/waivers?
PIs should contact the DOR early in the budget preparation process if special budgetary considerations/waivers are needed. The DOR will facilitate interaction with the appropriate University administrators for special budget approval consideration.
Currently, budget approvals requiring special attention include:
- Reduction in indirect costs other than published agency restrictions.
- Tuition waivers (due to agency indirect cost restriction).
- Salary recovery waiver.
- Cost Sharing/Matching Funds.
Budget Preparation
This section of your proposal answers the following questions: (1) how much the project will cost, and (2) what are the specific cost categories. Accuracy and detail are essential in this section. Be sure to show all costs related to the project. Keep in mind that sponsors will support costs that are reasonable and justified in a budget description. Be careful to follow guidelines completely.
The DOR does not encourage a PI to "pad" his/her budget in anticipation of a request by the funding agency to reduce the budget. The budget should be accurate and reflect all costs required to perform the research without such "padding."
Elements of most budgets include the following: Direct Costs, Indirect Costs, and, when required, Cost Sharing. These elements are described in detail below.
Use the DOR's proposal budget spreadsheet to use for planning your budget. In addition, current rates for specific budget terms listed below are available here . For general budget inquiries, contact the DOR preaward unit at 315-268-6475.
Direct Costs
Salaries and Wages
The time and effort of all personnel should be included in your budget. Proposed salaries must be in accordance with University approved rates. Contact DOR for assistance in determining University policies pertaining to your respective schools. Possible categories are defined in more detail below.
- PI/Co-PI: the individual(s) who developed the proposal and are responsible for the conduct of the research project, who will have spending authority on any resulting award. University guidelines for determining compensation are:
- During the academic year a faculty member carrying a full load may commit a total of 50% of his or her time to sponsored research. Based on time committed, salary recovery will be taken during the academic year. Current policy in all schools is equal academic salary and summer salary should be requested in the budget. See the Institutional Policies Section below for any exceptions to these policies.
- During the summer (May 15th to August 15) it is recommended that faculty draw no more than 83.3% of their 1/9 of their academic salary each month for a total of up to 2.5/9ths during the summer from all sources (University and/or external).
- Faculty Associate: individuals who are members of Clarkson's or another institution's faculty and will be contributing effort to the research but will not be responsible for the conduct of the research. Guidelines for determining compensation are the same as those stated in "PI/Co-PI" above except that associates who are not Clarkson faculty members do not draw salary recovery.
- Research Associates: individuals who have a Ph.D. or equivalent. Compensation should be consistent with University rates for like positions funded by University and in accord with the level of expertise and education of the person being hired.
- Research Assistant: Clarkson graduate students. Compensation includes stipend and tuition compensation if not otherwise provided.
- Student Help: Clarkson undergraduate students. Compensation is limited to a maximum of 20 hours per week while school is in session and 40 hours per week while school is not in session. Rate of compensation must be at least minimum wage and may be higher in accordance with the level of expertise and education of the person being hired. Current rates.
Fringe Benefits
Fringe benefits apply to the following categories: academic year salary (full benefit rate), research associates (statutory and medical insurance), technicians (statutory and/or full), and undergraduate students (statutory) working during the summer only. The budget should indicate which positions fringe benefits are requested for and how the calculation was determined. Current rates.
Consultants provide technical expertise for a limited duration necessary for the conduct of the sponsored project. Consultants are temporary arrangements with external companies or individuals. Contact DOR for guidance on the use of consultants and approved contractual rates. Many agencies limit the rate per day. University policy prohibits faculty from serving as a consultant on their own behalf. Consultant agreement.
Equipment critical to carrying out the project should be listed with a catalog price or accurate estimate of the cost of each item listed, and fully justified in the proposal narrative. Clarkson's definition of equipment is: any item of value more than $5,000 and having a lifespan of two or more years.
Materials and Supplies
Expendable equipment (less than $5,000) and supplies should be listed in this section. Each item should be listed and carefully justified in terms of need.
Travel costs include meals, lodging, airfare, and ground transportation. Domestic and Foreign travel costs should be detailed separately. Most agencies require the following detail: reason for travel, number of trips, and costs. Some agencies have limits on the amount of travel that can be requested and who may use travel funds. The DOR will advise on the necessity of this.
A subcontract agreement between Clarkson University and an external organization is appropriate when a significant portion of the research will be performed at another institution or industry. Contact the DOR for guidance in including subcontract costs in proposed budgets. Once an organization has been selected to be involved as a subrecipient a Subaward Package is sent to them for them to certify that they are eligible to receive funding as a subrecipient of the prime awarding agency. Please contact the Sponsored Research Services to initiate this process.
Other Direct Costs
These are additional items not specifically identified above; however relevant to Clarkson University's budgeting process:
- Publication Costs: include the cost of preparing and publishing the results of research conducted. This category includes page charges, reprint charges, other journal costs and that of illustrations and/or photographs.
- Electron Microscope Usage: requests for electron microscope usage are budgeted at the rate of $30 per hour. This charge is excluded from the indirect cost base.
- NMR Usage: use of Clarkson University's NMR facility has established rates. This charge is included in the indirect cost base. Current rates are: $20 for the first hour and $10/hour after.
- Equipment Fabrication: includes costs associated with fabricating a component from small parts that form one unit and will perform a specific task related to the proposed research. This completed unit must be $5,000 or more to be excluded from the indirect cost base.
- Service Contracts/Maintenance: this request should indicate the item for which the service contract or maintenance is needed, cost and justification.
- Renovation: request should indicate space to be renovated, justification, cost and who will be doing the renovation (if known).
- Tuition: University policy provides tuition for graduate students fully supported by research awards carrying full overhead. If an award does not carry full overhead, then tuition should be included as a budget item. This cost is excluded from the indirect cost base. Current tuition rates.
Indirect Costs
Indirect cost (also called overhead) is requested on all budgets unless expressly prohibited by the funding agency. The indirect cost rate is negotiated with the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) and reflects the costs to the University of accepting and administering external research awards which cannot be readily identified with any specific award. Clarkson University uses a Modified Total Direct Cost (MTDC) base for determining indirect cost rates. The MTDC base includes all costs except for the following items: equipment, equipment fabrication, electron microscope usage, tuition, and any amount of each subcontract over $25,000. Current and projected indirect cost rates.
Two indirect cost rates are negotiated: on-campus and off-campus. The off-campus rate would be used if the PI relies on facilities and services that are based off campus (such as a separate lab in a leased building) not necessarily on the location where the actual data gathering occurs. The off-campus rate should not be used only in the case of faculty performing field work but then relying on the use of campus facilities to ultimately store and analyze the data gathered (i.e. departmental secretaries, campus copiers, campus phones, etc.).
Cost Sharing/Matching Funds
Some sponsors require that the University contribute a certain portion of funding to the overall cost of a project or the purchase of a piece of equipment. This contribution may come from in-kind (non-cash) or cash contributions and must be approved by the appropriate Clarkson University Administrator and the DOR. For this reason, be sure to obtain written authorization for cost sharing before writing or submitting a proposal requiring this kind of commitment by the University. The DOR will assist the PI in determining when cost sharing is needed and in what form it will be provided.
Currently, Clarkson provides cost sharing when required as follows:
- Salary recovery, fringe benefits and associated overhead
- Tuition for graduate students when the student is fully supported by an award
- Difference between agency restricted overhead rate and Clarkson's current overhead rate.
Budget Narrative
Most agencies require a budget narrative (budget narrative template) which justifies the proposed costs broken down in the calculated budget. Some agencies require extensive detail. The DOR suggests the following format:
- Salaries And Wages - Senior Personnel: List individually all senior personnel and their responsibilities related to the project.
- Salaries And Wages - Other Personnel: List individually all other personnel and their responsibilities related to the project.
- Fringe Benefits: Include the following boiler plate terminology: (Calculated as direct costs in accordance with Clarkson University's Indirect Cost Rate Agreement with the Department of Health and Human Services.)
- Permanent Equipment: Itemize and justify items exceeding $5,000 and 2 years' useful life.
- Domestic Travel: Address the type and extent of travel for all travelers (including consultant travel) and its relation to the project. Itemize by destination and cost. Fare allowances are limited to round trip, jet-economy rates.
- Foreign Travel: Address the type and extent of travel for all travelers (including consultant travel) and its relation to the project. Include countries to be visited, dates of foreign visits or meetings, if known, and justification. Fare allowances are limited to round trip, jet-economy rates.
- Participant Support Costs: Normally, participant support costs may only be requested for awards supporting conferences, workshops or symposia. Consult specific program guidelines for additional information.
- Other Direct Costs:
- Materials And Supplies: Indicate types required and estimate costs.
- Publication Costs/Documentation/Dissemination: Estimate costs of documenting, preparing, publishing, disseminating, and sharing research findings.
- Consultant Services: Indicate name, daily compensation, and estimated days of service.
- Subcontracts: Include a budget and justify details. Must be endorsed by subcontracting institution.
- Other: See Other Direct Costs listed above.
- Indirect Costs:
Include the following boiler plate terminology: "Indirect Cost is calculated in accordance with Clarkson University's Indirect Cost Rate Agreement with the Department of Health and Human Services. Currently, Clarkson is using a rate of 52% of modified total direct costs (MTDC), per DHHS Agreement dated 07/17/12. If any rate other than the appropriate negotiated rate is applied to a project due to published program restrictions or sponsor policy, all unrecovered indirect costs are designated as cost sharing by Clarkson University. Clarkson's threshold for equipment is now $5,000 as allowed by OMB Circular A-110."
- Cost Sharing:
Include any specific cost sharing amounts detailed in the cost proposal. Include the estimated value of any in-kind contributions. Discuss the source, nature, amount and availability of any proposed cost sharing. If a proposal budget includes a specific cost sharing level, the identified cost sharing level is expected to be included as a requirement in the award.
Institutional Budgetary Policies
Note – requires updating with new administration effective 7/1
Salary Recovery
School of Engineering
All budgets should request one month of faculty academic salary for each month of faculty summer salary requested, unless the following conditions are both met:
- The agency or company refuses to pay salary recovery or the available funds are limited. This must either be documented in writing or confirmed by a telephone conversation between a representative of the agency and a responsible person in Clarkson's DOR.
- No more than one month summer salary is requested for each graduate or postdoctorate fully supported for 12 months. These conditions should also be met by any changes in a proposal budget or budget transfers on existing grants and contracts. For example, if funds are transferred into summer salary, an equal amount must be transferred into academic salary. Those professors returning a portion of their academic salary should have lighter teaching and committee duties compared to professors in their departments not recovering salary.
School of Arts & Science
All budgets should request one month of faculty academic salary for each month of faculty summer salary requested, unless the following conditions are both met:
- The agency or company refuses to pay salary recovery or the available funds are limited. This must either be documented in writing or confirmed by a telephone conversation between a representative of the agency and a responsible person in Clarkson's DOR.
- No more than one month summer salary is requested for each graduate or postdoctorate fully supported for 12 months.
These conditions should also be met by any changes in a proposal budget or budget transfers on existing grants and contracts. For example, if funds are transferred into summer salary, an equal amount must be transferred into academic salary.
School of Business
There are two applications of salary recovery, one is to provide dollars to "buy" faculty time and the other is to support a research effort. The "buy-out" amount will employ a person to teach a course. Generally, that would be about $5,000 minimum per course. Salary recovery is calculated on the basis of the PI and Co-PI salary. For each summer month salary, there should be an equal amount designated as salary recovery. If salary recovery is not used to cover a course, the Dean will return one third to the department and one third to the PI. One third will remain in the School's salary recovery budget to support faculty research. (Clarkson policy states that one third will be returned to the department from which the grant originated, but the Dean prefers to be sure that the PI is guaranteed an additional benefit from his or her effort). Department chairs can elect to return more dollars to the PI or carry the dollars over in a salary recovery account.
Equipment Cost Sharing
School of Engineering
Federal Funding Agencies
Effective immediately, for all federal funding agencies, the SOE will commit to cost share the MINIMUM REQUIRED amount for equipment. If the cost sharing exceeds $50,000 then the Dean would request to be informed of such a need prior to proposal submission.
Beyond these minimum support levels, individual support needs will be decided on a case-by-case basis with an attempt being made to provide further assistance, particularly to newer faculty. This modified policy will no doubt (hopefully) place increased pressure for funds on the SOE. The SOE may not always be about to allocate funds immediately upon approval of your awards and may also need to work with faculty over the course of the award to secure the cost sharing funds.
Non-federal Funding Agencies
The School of Engineering will provide funds for cost sharing for equipment on proposals, if the following conditions are met:
- The proposal is for equipment only and not for research supplies, personnel, etc.
- The commitment for cost sharing was made on the budget accepted for funding.
- The equipment is to be housed permanently in the SOE for use by engineering faculty and students.
- The total amount provided by all parts of Clarkson does not exceed 50% of the cost of the equipment.
TA/RA Stipend/Tuition
Faculty requesting research assistant stipends in proposals and those already supporting research assistants should take the standard stipend amount into account. Any appointments that crosses fiscal years, the Graduate School will automatically process the necessary paperwork to increase the student's stipend to reflect the new rate.
Graduate School will allocate funds to cover tuition (maximum of 15 credit hours per academic semester and not to exceed 30 credit hours per calendar year) for the teaching assistants (designated by the department) for the credit hours taken during their term of appointment. Appointments should run in at least half-year terms.
Budget Submission Notice
The proposal budget template is a tool to use for planning your budget and should be submitted to the DOR for formalization.
Budget Narrative Template
The budget justification is one of the most important non-technical sections of the proposal, and it is often required by the sponsor. In this section the Principal Investigator (PI) provides additional detail for expenses within each budget category and articulates the need for the items/expenses listed. The information provided in the budget justification may be the definitive criteria used by sponsor review panels and administrative officials when determining the amount of funding to be awarded. The following format is a sample only; not all components will apply to every proposal. Many sponsors prefer that budget justifications follow their own format. In all cases, however, it is best to present the justification for each budget category in the same order as that provided in the budget itself.
Sample Budget Narrative Template


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Number Should not Start with 0 and -,Alphabet is not Allowed
Efficient billing practices enable stronger financial health for Dermatology Billing with appropriate reimbursement being in the forefront. Our focus on ensuring denial free claims and a subsequent increase in revenue for Dermatology billing, has been significant for the clients. Gain an edge over the competitors with a smooth billing process that will leave your practice profitable. We understand the intricacies that go into the process for Dermatology billing services and this is where our experience makes a difference. Our team is adept and keeps itself abreast with the latest happenings in the healthcare industry, thus assuring no impacts to the bottom line of your practice. Experience uninterrupted cash flow and lower your denials.
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With the sole objective of achieving maximum claim reimbursement, we have set high standards in professional efficiency. Having to meet physicians' expectancy level amidst evolving billing challenges, our Dermatology medical billing professionals continually upgrade their competence to compliant practices in medical billing and coding. That is the reason why they are a preferential choice of leading Dermatology practices across the 50 states in the U.S.
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Billing and Coding in a nutshell- The pictorial section will help you understand the 'this and that' of billing and management. Go through the infographs for an understanding of process, in short.
Our blog section can help you with information, experiences and opinions pertaining to the medical and medical billing industry.
Understand the billing and coding processes ranging through various specialties and states along with a plethora of healthcare related information.
Speak to one of our RCM Experts & get the best billing quote for your Medical practice.
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About MBC
Medical Billers and Coders is the largest consortium in the United States. We can help you save 35% of your cost in medical billing services and reduce your Account Receivables (AR) days to an average of 21 days.
Know the effects of ICD-10 and how to mitigate revenue loss.
A pictorial way to understand various Billing and Healthcare concept
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Medical billing is our core focus. For more than a decade, we have been providing medical billing services to various specialties across the 50 States of USA.
The impending transition to ICD-10, one of the most crucial changes in healthcare, the new coding system is here. MBC's professional services in ICD-10 can help you with end-to-end solutions for a successful implementation.
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We are constantly working towards acquiring the latest industry trends to ensure accurate, efficient and complete healthcare services to our clients.


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Inserted lip. Generally nice back & sides. A few pointers and a heavy line to fore hook. A deep dent by aft hook. Glass eyes. VG (Cat. #18705)
One of the only series with this as a catalog color. 2 left dents, faint side age lines, a couple more noticable on the belly. NO lip chips. Glass eyes. VG++ (Cat. #18699)
Dark "Uncle Tom" Style Scale Ding on left, teeny sliver on top, many age lines and other dents. Glass eyes. VG (Cat. #18704)
One mark on left. Glass eyes, new body style. EX. Blue/Orange box end stamped "Sinking HR-5" to denote this model from the floating variation. 5 on 1-10 scale (Cat. #18870)


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Self Obsession
'You are not that important.'
'Life is bigger than one life.'
'Do not get lost in yourself, you are not that interesting.'
'Your purpose should transcend service of self.'
All of those are mantras I live by and repeat to myself often. Why? Well I have observed a cultural phenomena that is rampant today, especially in the West, of complete unashamed social and self destructive SELF OBSESSION!
Just look what it led to in Disney's Snow White. Had the magic mirror in Snow White had any sense the dialogue would have been as follows;
"Mirror Mirror on the Wall, Who's the Fairest of them All?
"Listen up Queen…Witch…Lady! This obsession you have with your beauty is extremely unattractive and unhealthy. You realise it is driving you to contemplating the murder of a little girl right? She's like 12…and you want to rip out her heart, seriously, I think you should see a Therapist or something, I know someone who is really good…I say this out of friendly concern…why have you picked up a hammer?!"
Instead He/It tells her Snow White is prettier…and well you know the rest. Point is, he fed the fire of her self obsession.
Self Obsession is nourishment for the Ego. The Ego clouds judgement, dampens empathy, diminishes humanitarian concern and bolsters self righteousness. It hurts you without you realising it and is toxic for those around you. So you end up in the company of those who share your affliction, and they cannot help you, for they are as self absorbed as you are.
Eventually you seek the company of those who are selfless and giving. You leech all their goodness and patience and love, to heal yourself of your self inflicted miseries. Taking and never giving back. Without a thought for how much you drain them. No thought of ever giving back. Seeking their company only when your Ego needs comfort. Leeching for long enough to feel good again, then slithering off into the dark you call life. A cruel circle, that you are unaware of, but the Self-Less suffer.
Being someone who is the leeched and not the leech, I have found that I am thoroughly exhausted. There is only so much unreciprocated giving you can do before the ugly head of bitterness slinks into your heart. I don't give to receive, but the etiquette of life mandates it. It's called fairness.
SO I decided to reflect the behaviour of these types of folk back onto them and found it really hurts them terribly. Yet if you attempt to explain that you are mirroring their own behaviour, they look at you dumbfounded, and it became clear to me that their self obsession has left them so blinded, they don't they see themselves in my behaviour mirror.
It was slightly alarming.
People are more self involved than ever before, yet not self aware.
Introspection and Self Awareness are the first steps for change that leads to the improvement of self.
Self Obsession is an indulgence which undoes your efforts towards growth.
I do continue to be a player in the 'Leech Game', but to a lesser extent. I try to keep a limit on how much I give, when it detracts from the energy I use to improve myself, that is when I draw the line. Any good I do is to serve the Greater Judge, who I hope will see my intention as pure. Evaluate your place in 'The Leech Game' and decide if you are working towards Self Improvement or Self Destruction.
Your Thoughts?
Yours Truly,
Zishaan 'ZuZu' Shafi


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Kung Fu Panda (US - BD)
Gabe learns it's ok to be an overweight slob, as long as he has a heart. Score!
Po the Panda (Jack Black) is the ultimate Kung Fu fanboy, but his life as a noodle maker's son doesn't leave a lot of room for martial arts practice. Then, one fateful day, it is announced that after a demonstration from 'The Furious Five' members Tigress (Angelina Jolie), Monkey (Jackie Chan), Mantis (Seth Rogan), Crane (David Cross) and Viper (Lucy Liu), a new Dragon Warrior will be announced. In hopes of seeing the demonstration Po stumbles onto stage, and is 'accidentally' selected, leaving the untrained oaf as the world's only hope to stop Tai Lung (Ian McShane), the most powerful martial artist alive.
I'm not sure what happened to allow traditional Kung Fu cinema to fully infiltrate popular children's entertainment, but it happened well before Dreamworks Animation started the process of making Kung Fu Panda. I'm sure that fluffy Japanese animation like Dragonball, and nearly two decades of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles didn't hurt the process, but recent animation seems to have a genuine interest in dealing with traditional Chinese martial arts culture.
This mysterious interest has had a mostly positive effect on television animation, leading to fun programs like Xiaolin Showdown, Jackie Chan Adventures, Skunk Fu and Ying Yang Yo (both of which Kung Fu Panda shares much in common with), and Avatar: The Last Airbender. The 'sub-genre' has its negative aspects as well, mostly concerning the recycled plots. Kung Fu Panda doesn't even come close to avoid this problem. The narrative is based on two of the oldest stories in the book—'The Hero's Journey' and 'The Underdog Story'.
But what it lacks in thematic originality, an issue concerning pretty much every Dreamworks CG feature, Kung Fu Panda makes up for in well-rounded characters, and some genuinely hilarious jokes. The story arcs in the exact manner we expected, but the character react in slightly less predictable ways. Perhaps the biggest surprise is the decency of all the characters, as an annoying douche-bag streak has scorched its way across the personalities of most animated heroes lately. The jokes work because they'll have replay value, they aren't all based in three month old pop culture references, and the Chuck Jonesian control of slapstick doesn't hurt.
I'd prefer a film made entirely in the style of Po's opening dream sequence, which is a sort of digital 2D with 3D enhancements, but the relatively safe animation style that runs the rest of the feature is pleasing enough, and like Dreamworks' Madagascar uses the elastic elements of classic hand drawn animation to a solid effect. The backgrounds aren't up to the super-stylized levels of, say, Samurai Jack, but they aren't designed to look realistic either. As artistry continues to be ignored in favour of fetishistic realism, painterly backgrounds and intense lighting schemes are enough to make a jaded animation fanatic grin like an idiot.
Jack Black is a modern comic genius whose talents, like those of so many other modern comic geniuses, have begun to wear very thin. The Kung Fu Panda teaser looked like more of the same from Black (the same would be shit, by the way), but the new reigning king of old shtick actually manages to disappear pretty effectively into the chubby panda. The other cast members manage much of the same, as their real world personas end up having little effect on their animated animal counterparts. It's almost impossible to not recognize David Cross and Ian McShane, but I wouldn't consider this the same brand of stunt casting the studio usually partakes in.
But what makes Kung Fu Panda Dreamworks Animation's first genuinely memorable (non-Aardman) feature is a whole bunch of outstanding animation. The story is nothing but a bunch of overdone clichés, but the physical humour hits almost every time, and the action rivals most Hollywood releases. The filmmakers have obviously studied up on their Shaw Brothers, Yuen Woo-ping, and Sammo Hung, but they also have the good sense and skill to bring the classic styles into a very Americanized animated production, thereby avoiding the pitfalls of boring, dime a dozen Anime rip-offs.
Digital animation has such an advantage over live action when it comes to image compression and artefacts it sometimes seems unfair to even compare the two. High definition has levelled the playing field a bit, but as this spotless 1.78:1 transfer proves, the see-saw still dips in CG's favour. Much of Kung Fu Panda's visual appeal is found in its hyper-colourful, Chuck Jones meets Mario Bava lighting schemes. The DVD release is plenty colourful, but this Blu-ray release is much more intense. Besides the really stylized stuff, like Tai Lung's prison break, or any of the gorgeous outdoor night-time sequences, there are plenty of small colour details (like the cat's glowing eyes) to make the hi-def purchase worth the extra scratch. And if it's super-fine details you're looking for, well I've got plenty for you. The character designs don't aim for realism, and some of the characters have that smooth, slightly plasticy look, but others are covered in tiny hairs, and some of their clothing is threaded with fine silk. It all looks about as perfect as we can expect, without any edge enhancement or digital compression to ruin it for us.
Live action kung-fu cinema is already often over-the-top in sound design, so the addition of full-on animation clichés makes for an elaborate and intense aural experience. Paramount Blu-ray discs unfortunately never seem to feature DTS-HD Master Audio tracks, but aside from a slight decrease in overall volume, there isn't any reason to complain about this Dolby TrueHD track. Again, as with the video, the impressive nature of the broader audio moments are no surprise, it is the fine details that make the track, such as the snake's hiss and mantis' chatter, which nestle warmly between the crooks of hand to face impacts and terrifying growls. The surround channels are ultra-busy, at all times, but the mix is appropriate and balanced enough to never become a distraction. The bass track is a little less powerful than Paramount's Iron Man release, but is clean-cut, and a good addition to the film's many impacts. The film's score, by heavy hitters Hans Zimmer and John Powell, recalls Tan Dun's Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon score, and though a might predictable, features plenty of memorable and easy to recall themes.
Dreamworks Animated DVDs and Blu-rays all follow a pretty specific formula, and Kung Fu Panda doesn't take many steps to break that mould. Things start with our various in-movie experiences, including a commentary track, a trivia track, and an 'Animator's Corner' PiP option. Of course my Profile 1.0 player prevents me from reviewing the PiP option, but I've got no problem with commentaries and trivia tracks. The commentary features dual directors John Stevenson and Mark Osborne, who are consistent informants, and entertaining guys. The directors strike a nice balance between technical factoids, structural reasoning, talk of inspiration and Easter Eggs, and big thanks to all the cast and crew. The trivia track is basically an edited version of the commentary track.
The fluffy featurettes start with 'Meet the Cast', where the audience is given the chance to… meet the cast. This particular cast is perhaps the most intriguing in recent animation history, pulling actors from many different arenas without being too stereotypical. A dimly entertaining thirteen minutes. Next up is 'Pushing the Boundaries', the technical featurette. This seven minute bit is more concerned with the film's ambitious action than the gorgeous art direction, but makes quick and effective work of a lot of technical jargon. It is consistently amazing how quickly the computer animation process evolves—hair isn't even a problem anymore. 'Conservation International: Help Save Wild Pandas' is a two minute infomercial for the kiddies staring the real Jack Black that aims to educate the wee ones on how to save the adorable creatures.
Under the 'Po's Power Play' banner are three 'games', again aimed at the kiddies. First is 'Dragon Warrior Training Academy', a five part action game that runs a little slow, and will likely frustrate most players because of the remote-to-player lag. 'Dumpling Shuffle' is a digital version of the old street corner cup-and-ball game that doesn't really go anywhere, but is less frustrating to play on a Blu-ray player. The 'Learn to Draw' segment isn't a game, I suppose, and pretty much speaks for itself. Aspiring artists are given a how-to option of Po, Mantis, Tigress, Crane, Money and Viper.
Under 'Sounds and Moves of Kung Fu' are a few more brief options. 'Sound Design' doesn't let us in on anything we didn't already know about the Foley process, but manages to be a bit informative concerning the specific sound design of the sharply designed film. I'd personally like to put a ten year ban on the use of the song 'Kung Fu Fighting', but those that don't quite hate the song yet can enjoy a kid-friendly music video for Cee-Lo's cover version, and then learn the 'Panda Dance' from a choreographer named Hi-Hat. The dance was too complicated for me. The poses of 'Do You Know Kung-Fu' weren't much easier. I guess I'm just out of shape.
The last sub-menu, 'Land of the Panda' is made up of a few brief informational featurettes. Some dude from the Food Network named Alton Brown starts us off by hosting a quick glance at the amazingly hypnotic process of making noodles from scratch. Then a little girl and the Dreamworks Kids narrator teach us how to use chopsticks. Finally, something I know how to do. Next up is an interactive look at the Chinese Zodiac (I'm a monkey), followed by a look at the animals featured in the film, and how they influenced real life Kung Fu. The final section, a quiz called 'What Fighting Style Are You', reinstates the fact that I am a monkey.
The Blu-Ray disc is completed with another Dreamworks Animation juke box, trailers, and a BD-Live option. However, there is one DVD exclusive extra. Well, sort of. The Blu-ray release doesn't feature the new animated short Secrets of the Furious Five (even though it could've easily fit on the goddamned disc). The only way to see the movie, and its additional extras, are by purchasing the two-disc DVD set. Dreamworks pulls this stunt all the time, specifically with Christmas shorts. Why Blu-ray viewers should be punished for spending more money on the company than DVD viewers is the question.
Dreamworks finally makes a good animated film without the help of the clay-mation geniuses at Aardman, but it still doesn't compare to the majority of Pixar's output in storytelling sophistication. The studio's technical abilities have never been in question, and I can finally say that I laughed heartily at their concept of humour, but they still need to find an original story. Regardless, Kung Fu Panda is an entertaining blast, featuring a hilarious sense of slapstick, and some truly remarkable action sequences. The Blu-ray disc is the way to go for audio/visual perfection, but the only way to see the Secrets of the Furious Five short film is to buy the DVD set—lame.
*Note: The images on this page are not representative of the Blu-ray release.
Review by Gabriel Powers
Worst Nightmare Senior Member Join Date: July 2002 Location: Australia Posts: 6,716
A Jack Black film I actually liked - although we didn't SEE him in it....
Some material may not be suitable for children
Disc Details
Release Date: 8th November 2008
Discs: 1
Disc Type: Blu-ray Disc
RCE: No
Video: 1080p
Aspect: 2.35:1
Anamorphic: No
Colour: Yes
Audio: Dolby TrueHD 5.1 English, Dolby Digital 5.1 French, Dolby Digital 5.1 Spanish
Subtitles: English SDH, French, Portuguese and Spanish
Extras: Directors Commentary, Trivia Track, Animator's Corner, Meet the Cast, Pushing the Boundaries, Save Real Pandas, Dragon Warrior Training Academy, Dumpling Shuffle, Learn to Draw, Do You Know Kung-Fu?, Sound Design, Land of the Panda, Music Video, Trailers
Easter Egg: No
Feature Details
Director: John Stevenson, Mark Osborne
Cast: Jack Black, David Cross, Angelina Jolie, Ian McShane, Jackie Chan, Dustin Hoffman
Genre: Action, Animation and Comedy
Length: 88 minutes
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Number: 111- 53
Date: September 30, 2010
The Senate Passes S. 3789,
Social Security Number Protection Act of 2010
On September 28, 2010, the Senate passed S. 3789, the "Social Security Number Protection Act of 2010" by unanimous consent.
Provisions of interest to the Social Security Administration are described below.
Prohibition of Use of Social Security Account Numbers on Checks Issued for Payment by Governmental Agencies
- Would prohibit the display of the Social Security account number, or a derivation of such number, on any check issued by a Federal, State, or local agency.
- Would be effective with respect to checks issued 3 years after the date of enactment.
Prohibition of Inmate Access to Social Security Account Numbers
- Would prohibit any Federal, State, or local agency from employing, or entering into a contract for the use or employment of, prisoners in any capacity that would allow them access to the Social Security numbers of other individuals.
- Would be effective 1 year after the date of enactment.