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Posted by Mike Florio on August 29, 2008, 1:12 p.m. EDT
[url="http://www.profootballtalk.com/2008/08/29/an-open-letter-from-daunte-culpepper/"]http://www.profootballtalk.com/2008/08/ ... culpepper/[/url]
[Editors note: Weve recently posted several items about the current status of former Vikings, Dolphins, and Raiders quarterback Daunte Culpepper, who remains without a team as the 2008 regular season approaches. In an item for SportingNews.com, we argued that Culpepper needs to hire an agent, and we also have suggested that he possibly is being blackballed by the league. A member of the media pointed out to Culpepper one of our stories, and it prompted Culpepper to contact us about his situation. We offered to give him the space to make his case to the NFLs 32 teams, and to the millions (OK, thousands) pro football fans who regularly visit this site. His letter appears below, unedited and unabridged.]
A letter to the NFL community:
Now that we are on the eve of teams selecting their 53 man rosters, I feel compelled to give my account of what I believe is a misunderstanding of who I am and what I have been trying to accomplish during this free agency period. It is my hope that I can provide some clarity by sharing what I am thinking straight from me and not through the interpretation of the media, or second hand information. That is why I am grateful to Mike Florio for giving me this platform to speak to the NFL community through the vehicle of profootballtalk.com.
First of all I want to explain why I have decided to exercise my right under the CBA to represent myself rather than hire an agent. This decision has more to do with my desire to handle my business affairs personally, than anything negative about agents. After the 2004 season I took a crash course in understanding my 10 year 102 million contract line by line. What I learned was that I had a long term deal with no guarantees for the remaining eight years. After my injury in 2005, the contract became an important issue that had to be dealt with. It took a trade to Miami and nearly 18 months to get out from under that contract.
My approach now is that I am looking for a relationship with a team that is based on mutual respect. I am willing to put on my suit when it comes to business and exchange it for an NFL uniform when it is time to play the game. I am not suggesting that this is the right approach for every player. I am only saying that it is what works best for me at this point in my career. I would only hope that teams would not keep me from working because of my approach to the business side of the game.
Secondly, I want to clear up the misinformation regarding my desire to only be a starter. I would think that every QB in this league wants to start. However, contrary to popular belief, I know how to play my role. I set out this free agency period with three categories that I wanted to explore.
1. Teams that were looking for a starter
2. Teams that were open for QB competition
3. Teams that needed a veteran back-up
With the help of the NFLPA, I researched what the market value was for each category. I contacted 14 teams that fell into these categories. Unfortunately, I did not receive any real interest from the teams I contacted. When the Packers finally offered for me to come to Green Bay to back-up Aaron Rodgers there were no real negotiations. They offered me a deal that was, according to my research, below market value. They said that they would get back to me after the draft.
When the beginning of training camp came and there was still no interest, I reached out to Commissioner Goodell to see if he had any suggestions. He asked Ray Anderson to check around the league and get back to me. Ray told me three things based on his discussions with teams. First of all he said that I should get an agent because teams were not comfortable dealing with me without one. The second thing he told me was that I should be ready to accept the vet minimum and start my career over. The third thing he said was that I would only have an opportunity if someone got hurt. This is why I went to Pittsburgh to work out for the team after Charlie got hurt, so I could see if what Ray Anderson said was true. After a great workout, I was offered the vet minimum with no negotiations. This is when I realized that there is something wrong.
For the sake of clarity, I never told anyone in Pittsburgh that I wanted to compete with Ben Rothlisberger for his job. This is an example of misrepresentation or misinformation.
Recently the Commissioner called to let me know that I was on the top of the list for a job if a key veteran got hurt. I really appreciate the Commissioners help, but I hate that I have to wait for a fellow QB to experience the misfortune of an injury in order for me to have an opportunity to continue my career. Why was I not given the chance to compete for a job? This is my question to the NFL. The answer seems to point to something that I choose not to embrace at this time. So instead, I will continue to believe for the best and prepare for the worst.
In the meantime my request is simply that teams give me the respect of talking directly to me rather than trying to interpret what I think or desire. I can handle the truth if they can handle my presence in discussions. I hope that my body of work in the league will earn me at least a conversation.
Daunte Culpepper


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I went back to PB on Monday to make sure everything was as delish as my 1st visit. It was. While you're munching on your caneles you can watch France2 News 3X a day. Oui, at 8h, 13h and 20h online here. Excellent for practicing your French. Then run up and down the stairs 10X for the caneles,ahem.
Wednesday, February 29, 2012
Paris Baguette
I went back to PB on Monday to make sure everything was as delish as my 1st visit. It was. While you're munching on your caneles you can watch France2 News 3X a day. Oui, at 8h, 13h and 20h online here. Excellent for practicing your French. Then run up and down the stairs 10X for the caneles,ahem.
22 comments:
Please sit down. I am about to commit a heresy.ReplyDelete
Forget the pastries; I want the CHINA!!!!!
wat china?
That's a paper cup...hmmm
some of the pastries are very French and others not at all like sesame balls etc.
The names of the pastries are a giggle like 'chocolate butter cake'
They need to get a francophile onboard IMHO
Noted how crisply turned-out the people look on line. Love France2 News-thanks for the link. That's funny Carol. I love looking at the offerings, but also prefer one canele, or the occasional plain fruit tart. What a charming place!ReplyDelete
Lovely pictures:) I get lots of inspirations making miniatures when visiting your blog:)ReplyDelete
Caro, I too discovered a Paris Baguette here in CA and am very happy I did. Lovely pastries and bread- their macarons are ok too (just ok). If you pick and choose carefully you can come away with some very nice authentic French goodies! Fun post- thanks.ReplyDelete
God, I used to make French baguettes all the time--I still have my curved pans and sometimes think about making more, but then I remember that they make 4 loaves, and I know I'll want to sit and slather butter over them fresh from the oven, and eat them all right away...maybe not...maybe I'll just drool over your images instead.ReplyDelete
I know I'm bad :(ReplyDelete
A Bear Adulteress!
- Diane in Kansas5:36 AM
I remember the golden days of Fr2 news on TV in Kansas City everynight at 6 PM with Eng subtitles running across the bottom of the screen.ReplyDelete
Then TimeWarner moved the Fr2 news to the top tier of programming + $150 to our cable bill + many unwanted stations.
I used to be able to impress my husband's Fr customers with questions and comments about Fr news, en français, bien sûr.
My question:
Are you aware of a website where I can watch Fr news w/ subtitles?
Je vous remercie de votre blog.
How well I remember the day too Dianne when we had it on Fr2 news on TV with subtitles.ReplyDelete
I only found Fr2 again yesterday. The online version used to have a pop-up window w/ a translation of the subjects but no more.
I have turned on Google Translation so I can at least read la Figaro easily and other online formats (but not all) by simply highlighting a paragraph = up will pop a 'bad' translation thanks to Google.
If my pointer is on one word- that word only will be translated.
That's the best I have to offer at the moment, but don't forget Netflix French movies with subtitles!
Bon Chance
It all looks scrumptious Carol....and I've just realised that your post about the Stein's Collection was in New York..not Paris. Never mind...I'm sure there will be other wonderful exhibitions in Paris.ReplyDelete
yumm... i just live vicariously through these posts... it will be a while before Julia Creek has it's own Paris Baguette... ;-)ReplyDelete

subset: commoncrawl


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Robotics activities this week
Made modifications to my robot VexingBehavior in preparation for my Vex Workshop presentation. Added new cross members to mount the Ultrasonic sensor and below for the Line Following sensors. I also rebuilt the way I had the axles in the drive motors. I'm using the Tank Tracks and the way I had the motors, rotation sensors and outer track assembly mounted the axles would slide out. I fabricated an outer bracket that reaches between the front and rear axles and compresses the assembly holding the axles in place.
Added to my Vex programs for a line following routine. I have an example program using EasyC and have taken that to build a version using MPLAB and the WPILib library so EasyC is not required. I intend to make a third version using the C18 compiler without WPILib as another programming example.
Attended the team meeting for TeamTonka #1752
Attended our Kansas City Robotics Society (KCRS) meeting on Oct. 6.and we had a good-sized crowd. Actually we had our largest group ever thanks to a FIRST Lego League that stopped by after their meeting. We also had three students from TeamTonka in attendance.
Our KCRS meetings are now at Science City in Union Station. I'm on a committee to help with robotics related exhibits for the Science City museum and we got a tour of the facilities to see where exhibit space is located.
Presented at another Lego Mindstorms NXT workshop based on the third robot design from the Lego Mindstorms Mayan Adventure book. The kids built a SnapShot Bot robot that used a digital camera and took pictures as it drove around while leaving a trail of strings to retrieve the basket containing a key that unlocks the tomb's library door.


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[Meditation is] the detachment from the confusion all around us in order to have a richer attachment to God
Download the free ebook
In the Psalms I have discovered firsthand some of the rawness and pain experienced by the Psalmist. This ebook is the first 40 Psalms that I have put in my own words. They are a reflection of what was written by the original writer and then brought to our world today. They reflect many of the themes that are common to discouraged, depressed, anxious, fearful people. At times some or all of these things have been true for me. I have used some of these experience and cried out with the Psalmist in my writing.
One definition of found poetry is, "it's the literary version of a collage". In finding these Psalms I have gathered together my emotions, feelings and pain and sought to "find" my understanding of what David was saying. It's the worst possible translation methodology but it's been a great personal re-discovery of God.
The 40 day journey is a chance to take some time out and listen to God's voice. God's praise will last for eternity, we have the great privilege to begin that praise now.
You can download the ebook here: Click here


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The U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds will join an action-packed weekend of aerial performances by more than 40 aircraft over the Atlantic Ocean at Embry-Riddle's Wings and Waves Air Show Oct. 13-14, in Daytona Beach.
The show begins at 11 a.m. daily on the shore in front of the Hilton Daytona Beach Oceanfront Resort. The event is free and open to the public.
Numerous Embry-Riddle alumni are scheduled to participate in the show, including Maj. J.R. Williams and Maj. Jason Moore of the Thunderbirds, world-record holding skydiver Cheryl Stearns, GEICO Skytyper lead solo pilot Steve Salmirs, and Black Diamond Jet Team Leader Jerry "Jive" Kerby, along with Embry-Riddle sponsored aerobatic performer Matt Chapman.
This year's featured performers include:
U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds – Now in their 59th year, the 130-person squadron deemed the USAF's "Ambassadors in Blue" represents nearly 700,000 active duty, guard and reserve airmen serving at home and abroad – including two team members who are Embry-Riddle alum and another graduate tapped for the team later this year. Prescott graduate Williams (lead pilot No. 5) and Daytona Beach alum Moore (maintenance officer) will be joined by 2011 Embry-Riddle Worldwide grad Capt. Joshua Boudreaux at left wing as Thunderbird No. 2 for the 2013 team. The demonstration is a mix of six aircraft performing formation flying and solo routines.
Canadian Forces Snowbirds – The iconic Snowbirds Demonstration Team (431 Squadron) composed of approximately 80 members of the Canadian Forces and the Royal Canadian Air Force will perform only once in Florida this year – and this is it. The Snowbirds' pilots and aircraft technicians spend the winter months at their home base in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, Canada practicing more than 50 five-, seven- and nine-plane formations. The Snowbirds fly the Canadair CT-114 Tutor, a Canadian-built jet that was used by the Canadian Forces as a basic pilot-training aircraft from 1963 until 2000.
Black Jet Diamond Team – Making their first appearance, the Lakeland, Fla.-based aerobatic civilian-owned jet team will fly two L-39s led by Embry-Riddle Alum Jerry "Jive" Kerby.
GEICO Skytypers – A flight squadron of six vintage World War II airplanes performing precision flight maneuvers, the Skytypers are the only civilian squadron currently appearing at airshows flying WWII aircraft, the SNJ-2. Of the 11 SNJ-2 airplanes still in existence, the team uses six. Embry-Riddle Daytona Beach campus alum Steve Salmirs (lead solo and executive officer).
F-18 Tactical Demonstration – This aerial demo features the Strike Fighter Squadron 106 (VFA-106) flying the Navy's newest tactical aircraft, the F/A-18 Super Hornet.
Mike Goulian – For the past two decades Goulian has entertained crowds, having earned the U.S. National Advanced Champion title (the youngest ever at age 22 in 1990) and the Unlimited National Aerobatic Championship and represented the United States three times in the World Aerobatic championships. He also was one of the Red Bull international race pilots.
Matt Chapman – Sponsored by Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and an airline pilot when not performing, Chapman began flying aerobatics in 1984 and quickly worked his way up to the highest level of competition aerobatics – the Unlimited category. At the 1998 World Aerobatic Championships, Chapman was the highest-ranking American pilot, finishing third in the world with a bronze medal and led the Men's Team to a silver medal.
Rob Holland – Flying the MX2 Aerobatic Aircraft by MX Aircraft Ultimate Airshows, Holland earned his title as current U.S. National Unlimited Aerobatic Champion and World Gold Medal winner in freestyle aerobatics by pushing the envelope of advanced aerobatic aircraft with a mixture of high and low altitude maneuvers.
John Klatt – Sponsored by Air National Guard, Lt. Col. Klatt flies the C-130 Hercules and the F-16 for the Guard and competes in aerobatic contests on both the regional and national level. During his more than 20 years with the Air National Guard, he flew combat, air support and humanitarian missions in the F-16 "Fighting Falcon" and the C-130 "Hercules."
Corkey Fornof – A test pilot, corporate pilot, aerial coordinator, fixed-wing camera pilot, technical advisor, actor and stunt pilot, Fornof has 17,000-plus hours in over 287 different types of aircraft. His resume includes more than 2,600 low-level aerobatic performances, and he formed the first civilian high-performance aerobatic flight demonstration team, using World War II fighters. He also formed and led the first civilian jet demonstration team, flying BD-5Js.
Jason Newburg – Instructed and mentored by numerous top airshow performers in the industry (including Michael Goulian, Sean D. Tucker, Jim Leroy, Clint McHenry, Nikolai Timofeev and Bill Stein), he flies high-performance solo and formation performances in several types of aircraft, including the Pitts S1C. He also is the former vice president of the Embry-Riddle Sport Aviation Club and builds aircrafts as well as flies them.
Cheryl Stearns – A Embry-Riddle alum and former U.S. Airways captain, Stearns also is one the most successful competitive skydivers globally with 30 world records in parachuting (including a Guinness World Record for the most parachute jumps in 24 hours by a woman, 352 jumps Nov. 8-9, 1995), more than 17,000 jumps logged and was the first female member of the U.S. Army's elite parachuting team, the Golden Knights.
The Plunkett WW1 Aviation Collection – Great Britain's Sopwith F.1 Camel and German Fokker DR.I Triplane will both hit the skies for this special performance. The Camel, named so because of the humped fairing over its twin machine guns, shot down more German aircraft (1,294) than any other Allied plane. The Dreidecker, a small, lightweight and highly maneuverable dogfighter, is best known for its image as the "Red Baron's" aircraft during WWI as it was flown by ace Baron Manfred von Richthofen.
Longtime airshow favorite and former airline pilot SkyTalker Danny Clisham will serve as master of ceremonies, and there is a scheduled U.S. Coast Guard Search and Rescue Demonstration. There also will be an Air Show performers autograph session and special concert by country band Little Texas at 7:30 p.m. on Oct. 13 at the Peabody Auditorium. Tickets will be on sale soon at the Peabody box office and online at Ticketmaster.com.


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Another Split For Baseball
The Roughrider baseball team split an ACCAC Division I doubleheader Tuesday afternoon in Yuma against Arizona Western College, 1-2 and 3-0. YC is now 15-5 overall and 7-5 in the ACCAC. AWC is 15-10 on the season and 7-5 in the conference standings.
The opening game needed extra innings to determine the outcome. The score was tied at 1 at the end of the allotted 7 innings. YC went down quietly in their half of the 8th inning and the Matadors scored the winning run in their half of the frame for the victory.
Peter Lehnstrom was stellar in his 6 innings of action. The right-hander scattered 3 hits and struck out 5. Brandon Matthews took the hard-luck loss giving up the winning run.
Offensively, YC could only muster 3 hits on the game. Tim Arakawa,Kyle Toth and Matthews had the only hits.
In the nightcap, Matt Southard threw a gem to get his second victory of the season. The lanky Sooner threw 6 innings and struck out 3. Kamalu Kamoku pitched the final inning for the save.
From the plate, Krysthian Leal and Chris Burks had two hits apiece. Drew Turbin scored two runs and Alexis Olmeda and Burks each had an RBI.
YC remains on the road for their next contest. The Roughrider nine plays at Pima Community College (9-12-1, 6-6) on Saturday, March 9th. The first pitch will be thrown at 12:00 PM.


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3 Letter Vine Monogram Door or Wall Hanger 14" tall Custom Made.
DESCRIPTION Beautiful 3 letter connected vine monogram hand cut from furniture grade birch plywood 1/2" thick.
This piece is supplied unfinished and lightly sanded ready for you to paint. Specify the exact letters you want in order from left to right as they are to appear on the monogram in the purchase notes when ordering. Other sizes and fonts available on request. Convo me with what you need. I'll be glad to answer all questions promptly.
Mail Orders Accepted.
Remember, e-checks through PayPal takes 3-5 days to clear
You have 3 days to cancel or change the information on you order (72 hours).
Once processing has started there are no refunds or exchanges as we cannot resell personalized items.
Shipment will be made between 3 to 10 business (M-F) days after payment is cleared.
Include description with your payment.
If you need it sooner, let me know thru convo.
Will be shipped United States Postal Services Priority Mail including Delivery Confirmation.
We ship using bubble wrap, styrofoam peanuts, double boxing, and/or tissue.
TERMS of SALE:
Please make sure all your information is correct when ordering.
If bird color is not specified then the color shown is what will be shipped.
Thank You - Ron


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e-volve necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 67 diseños de 25 diseñadores freelance.
We need a logo for a new web site that will sell all of the products found in your tradional UK high street shops e.g. Butchers, Bakers, Green Grocers, Fishmongers etc.
Customers can buy products directly from all of their local shops via our website. We then compile the orders, collect the goods from the shops and deliver to the customer's door.
A great benefit of buying through our website is that it helps the local economy compete with the massive supermarkets and helps stop the spread of globalisation.
High Street United
We're hoping to get a logo that signifies the importance of supporting your local shops and community. Whilst at the same time reflecting the service that we offer - tricky!
We aim to appear as a friendly, supportive and environmentally aware company that offers benefits not only to local shop-keepers but everyone in the loal community.
- Uniting the High Street Traders and community
- Our service (delivering local shops' products to your door)
- Eco-friendly (one van delivering is better than everyone using their car)
- Helping out with the rising cost of fuel
- Possibly a shield/coat of arms to signify the unity e.g. http://www.jenningsbrewery.co.uk/je…roduct.htm
- Not too corporate
- Not too eco/green/hippy
- No football/soccer team emblems - we know high street united sounds like a sunday league football team - we don't need to re-inforce this ;)
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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As a West Point graduate, you can expect to have many exciting and rewarding opportunities open to you throughout your lifetime. Joining "The Long Gray Line" of West Point graduates is a mark of distinction, representing high achievement and the promise of outstanding, ethical leadership.
Upon graduation, you will be commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Army and serve for five years on active duty (if you choose to depart the Army after five years, you will be required to serve three years in the Inactive Ready Reserve (IRR)). During your senior year, you'll find out which specialized field, or "branch," you will enter. Both the needs of the Army and your preferences will be considered.
Graduation. What's Next?
In your first year after graduation, you'll attend a Basic Officer Leader Course for general information and training. Upon its successful completion, you then take branch-specific courses to become competent in the technical aspects of your specialty.
Join Your Unit
Next, you'll be sent to an Army unit where you will build experience in troop command for the next three years. You might lead a Military Police unit, a small artillery fire support team, or a Military Intelligence unit, for example.
To learn more about the above job specialties, please visit the Army website Officer Careers and Jobs. This site offers a brief job description of each branch, and can get you started to learn more.
Advance In Your Career
In year five, you have a decision to make. You can move ahead in your Army career by getting more advanced education and training. If so, you will prepare for higher levels of responsibility, leadership, and specialization required as commanders. Eventually, you will select a career field and may even go on to earn a graduate degree from a leading civilian university.
The Army pays for all of your training, travel, and advanced education. You could eventually work in the Pentagon, command a large troop unit, or serve as a military attaché in a foreign country.
The other option is choose to complete your commitment and return to civilian life.
Army or Civilian Career?
West Point graduates are highly sought after. Those choosing a civilian career have attained great success in different professions—as doctors, CEOs of major companies, and engineers – the possibilities are endless.
Graduates who pursue an Army career do so because they feel the commitment and satisfaction of serving their country. The Army family takes care of its own during active duty and upon retirement –– after 20 years of service, you receive a generous guaranteed pension and reduced medical care for life, plus many other benefits.
External Links Disclaimer - The appearance of hyperlinks to external sites does not constitute endorsement by West Point or the U.S. Army of the linked web site or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities such as military exchanges and Morale, Welfare and Recreation sites, West Point and the U.S. Army do not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. Such links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Army web site.
Only questions or comments regarding the technical aspects of the Web site should be sent to the web master. If you are reporting a broken link, please help us by identifying the page or Web site where you found the link or web address.
Please click here to send an email to the West Point web team.


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Dozens of signs are placed strategically along the entrance to the National Hispanic Cultural Center. People with leaflets, stickers and large posters eagerly approach passersby, imploring them to select their candidate. But the folks here aren't voting for someone to fill a public office. They're choosing the delegates who will go to the Democratic National Convention in Denver, where the party's 2008 presidential nominee will be announced.
So what does it take to be a delegate at the convention? And how do the New Mexico Democratic and Republican parties decide who they want representing their state on the national stage?
It begins simply enough.
Whether you're a registered Democrat or Republican, all that's required of you for a shot at going to your party's national convention is a form saying you'd like to go. From there, things get more complicated.
The election at the NHCC on Saturday, April 19, was one of three taking place in each of the state's congressional districts. Seventeen delegates are chosen at these events before every national convention. It's not just any Tom, Dick or Harriet that gets to pick the delegates. Only interested parties who voted in New Mexico's primary or caucus in March can be an elector.
Delegates are different than superdelegates, who can vote for whomever they'd like regardless of whether Sen. Hillary Clinton or Sen. Barack Obama won their state's primary. New Mexico has 12 superdelegates.
The state's Republican Party, which doesn't have superdelegates, will send 32 delegates and their alternates to the Republican National Convention in Minneapolis-St. Paul Sept. 1 through 4. Twenty-nine of the 32 will be elected on Saturday, June 14, in Las Cruces, but, just like the Democrats, the Republicans don't let the general public decide who makes the trip. Instead, the delegates are selected by a group of party members who've been elected by registered Republicans to carry out the task. The New Mexico Republican Party chairman and the National Committee man and woman are automatically selected as delegates to the convention as well.
The competition among candidates is fierce in both parties. New Mexico Democratic Party Spokesperson Josh Geise says around 300 people expressed interest in being a delegate this year. New Mexico Republican Party Spokesperson Scott Darnell says his party just started accepting applications, but he expects there to be plenty of people excited about going to the convention. "It's a once-in-a-lifetime experience," Darnell says. "It's a chance for Republicans from all over the nation to rally very vocally around their candidate."
What do delegates get for all their time spent making signs, stickers and pins? For those who earn the right to come to their party's big event, it's a chance to see the biggest names in politics up close and personal.
"I was 30 feet from Sen. Barack Obama when he gave his great convention speech in 2004," says Kathy Duffy, president of the Democratic Women of New Mexico and former Democratic national delegate. "When I went home, I told all my friends he was the one to watch out for."
According to Ron Montoya, San Juan County Republican chairman and a national delegate alternate in 2004, the convention is a great place to gauge the party's mood. "Seeing it on TV doesn't tell you how people are really feeling at the convention," Montoya says. "It's also a good place for networking and meeting people all across the country doing the same things you are."
Are delegates rich, poor, young, old, powerful or unknown? The short answer is yes. "It's really a cross-section of the state," Geise says. "They're usually active within the party, but they come from all walks of life."
While some are longtime officeholders, Geise and Darnell both say the majority of delegates are not well-known. "Even those who have been elected to office have to run like everyone else," Duffy says. "It just takes passion for your party."
Once they're there, delegates at the convention get to sit on the convention floor to hear speeches, or they may attend meetings hosted by various interest groups.
There's also the matter of voting for the party's presidential candidate, but that's more of a symbolic ritual at both conventions. In 2004, all of the Democratic presidential candidates told their delegates to support Sen. John Kerry with a "voice vote" on the convention floor; Darnell says he expects Republican candidates to do the same this year for Sen. John McCain. It's still unclear who will win the Democratic nomination this year, but both Obama and Clinton have said they will support their party's nominee, even if it's not them.
Both Duffy and Montoya say they would not have a problem voting for a candidate who was not their first choice for the presidency. "It's about uniting your party for a common cause," Duffy says. "You want to make sure the rest of the country picks up on your energy."


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STARmeterTop 5000
Up 50 this week
Judy Davis (I)
Judy Davis was born April 23, 1955 in Perth, Western Australia. She was educated at Loreto Convent and the Western Institute of Technology, and graduated from the National Institute of Dramatic Art (NIDA) in 1977. She came to prominence as Sybylla Melvyn in the film adaptation of Miles Franklin's novel, My Brilliant Career (1979). She came to ... See full bio »
Born:in Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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|« 2011 (v63)
|2013 (v65) »
| Automorphismes naturels de l'espace de Douady de points sur une surface
Boissière, Samuel
On établit quelques résultats généraux relatifs à la taille du groupe d'automorphismes de l'espace de Douady de points sur une surface, puis on étudie quelques propriétés des automorphismes provenant d'un automorphisme de la surface, en particulier leur action sur la cohomologie et la classification de leurs points fixes.
| Lower Order Terms of the Discrete Minimal Riesz Energy on Smooth Closed Curves
Borodachov, S. V.
We consider the problem of minimizing the energy of $N$ points repelling each other on curves in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with the potential $|x-y|^{-s}$, $s\geq 1$, where $|\, \cdot\, |$ is the Euclidean norm. For a sufficiently smooth, simple, closed, regular curve, we find the next order term in the asymptotics of the minimal $s$-energy. On our way, we also prove that at least for $s\geq 2$, the minimal pairwise distance in optimal configurations asymptotically equals $L/N$, $N\to\infty$, where $L$ is the length of the curve.
| Surfaces of Rotation with Constant Mean Curvature in the Direction of a Unitary Normal Vector Field in a Randers Space
Carvalho, T. M. M.; Moreira, H. N.; Tenenblat, K.
We consider the Randers space $(V^n,F_b)$ obtained by perturbing the Euclidean metric by a translation, $F_b=\alpha+\beta$, where $\alpha$ is the Euclidean metric and $\beta$ is a $1$-form with norm $b$, $0\leq b\lt 1$. We introduce the concept of a hypersurface with constant mean curvature in the direction of a unitary normal vector field. We obtain the ordinary differential equation that characterizes the rotational surfaces $(V^3,F_b)$ of constant mean curvature (cmc) in the direction of a unitary normal vector field. These equations reduce to the classical equation of the rotational cmc surfaces in Euclidean space, when $b=0$. It also reduces to the equation that characterizes the minimal rotational surfaces in $(V^3,F_b)$ when $H=0$, obtained by M. Souza and K. Tenenblat. Although the differential equation depends on the choice of the normal direction, we show that both equations determine the same rotational surface, up to a reflection. We also show that the round cylinders are cmc surfaces in the direction of the unitary normal field. They are generated by the constant solution of the differential equation. By considering the equation as a nonlinear dynamical system, we provide a qualitative analysis, for $0\lt b\lt \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}$. Using the concept of stability and considering the linearization around the single equilibrium point (the constant solution), we verify that the solutions are locally asymptotically stable spirals. This is proved by constructing a Lyapunov function for the dynamical system and by determining the basin of stability of the equilibrium point. The surfaces of rotation generated by such solutions tend asymptotically to one end of the cylinder.
| Pseudoprime Reductions of Elliptic Curves
David, C.; Wu, J.
Let $E$ be an elliptic curve over $\mathbb Q$ without complex multiplication, and for each prime $p$ of good reduction, let $n_E(p) = | E(\mathbb F_p) |$. For any integer $b$, we consider elliptic pseudoprimes to the base $b$. More precisely, let $Q_{E,b}(x)$ be the number of primes $p \leq x$ such that $b^{n_E(p)} \equiv b\,({\rm mod}\,n_E(p))$, and let $\pi_{E, b}^{\operatorname{pseu}}(x)$ be the number of compositive $n_E(p)$ such that $b^{n_E(p)} \equiv b\,({\rm mod}\,n_E(p))$ (also called elliptic curve pseudoprimes). Motivated by cryptography applications, we address the problem of finding upper bounds for $Q_{E,b}(x)$ and $\pi_{E, b}^{\operatorname{pseu}}(x)$, generalising some of the literature for the classical pseudoprimes to this new setting.
| Quandle Cocycle Invariants for Spatial Graphs and Knotted Handlebodies
Ishii, Atsushi; Iwakiri, Masahide
We introduce a flow of a spatial graph and see how invariants for spatial graphs and handlebody-links are derived from those for flowed spatial graphs. We define a new quandle (co)homology by introducing a subcomplex of the rack chain complex. Then we define quandle colorings and quandle cocycle invariants for spatial graphs and handlebody-links.
| Gosset Polytopes in Picard Groups of del Pezzo Surfaces
Lee, Jae-Hyouk
In this article, we study the correspondence between the geometry of del Pezzo surfaces $S_{r}$ and the geometry of the $r$-dimensional Gosset polytopes $(r-4)_{21}$. We construct Gosset polytopes $(r-4)_{21}$ in $\operatorname{Pic} S_{r}\otimes\mathbb{Q}$ whose vertices are lines, and we identify divisor classes in $\operatorname{Pic} S_{r}$ corresponding to $(a-1)$-simplexes ($a\leq r$), $(r-1)$-simplexes and $(r-1)$-crosspolytopes of the polytope $(r-4)_{21}$. Then we explain how these classes correspond to skew $a$-lines($a\leq r$), exceptional systems, and rulings, respectively.
| Moments of the Rank of Elliptic Curves
Miller, Steven J.; Wong, Siman
Fix an elliptic curve $E/\mathbb{Q}$ and assume the Riemann Hypothesis for the $L$-function $L(E_D, s)$ for every quadratic twist $E_D$ of $E$ by $D\in\mathbb{Z}$. We combine Weil's explicit formula with techniques of Heath-Brown to derive an asymptotic upper bound for the weighted moments of the analytic rank of $E_D$. We derive from this an upper bound for the density of low-lying zeros of $L(E_D, s)$ that is compatible with the random matrix models of Katz and Sarnak. We also show that for any unbounded increasing function $f$ on $\mathbb{R}$, the analytic rank and (assuming in addition the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture) the number of integral points of $E_D$ are less than $f(D)$ for almost all $D$.
| Negative Powers of Laguerre Operators
Nowak, Adam; Stempak, Krzysztof
We study negative powers of Laguerre differential operators in $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\ge1$. For these operators we prove two-weight $L^p-L^q$ estimates with ranges of $q$ depending on $p$. The case of the harmonic oscillator (Hermite operator) has recently been treated by Bongioanni and Torrea by using a straightforward approach of kernel estimates. Here these results are applied in certain Laguerre settings. The procedure is fairly direct for Laguerre function expansions of Hermite type, due to some monotonicity properties of the kernels involved. The case of Laguerre function expansions of convolution type is less straightforward. For half-integer type indices $\alpha$ we transfer the desired results from the Hermite setting and then apply an interpolation argument based on a device we call the <it> convexity principle </it> to cover the continuous range of $\alpha\in[-1/2,\infty)^d$. Finally, we investigate negative powers of the Dunkl harmonic oscillator in the context of a finite reflection group acting on $\mathbb{R}^d$ and isomorphic to $\mathbb Z^d_2$. The two weight $L^p-L^q$ estimates we obtain in this setting are essentially consequences of those for Laguerre function expansions of convolution type.
| $W_\omega^{2,p}$-Solvability of the Cauchy-Dirichlet Problem for Nondivergence Parabolic Equations with BMO Coefficients
Tang, Lin
In this paper, we establish the regularity of strong solutions to nondivergence parabolic equations with BMO coefficients in nondoubling weighted spaces.
| Triangles of Baumslag-Solitar Groups
Allcock, Daniel
Our main result is that many triangles of Baumslag-Solitar groups collapse to finite groups, generalizing a famous example of Hirsch and other examples due to several authors. A triangle of Baumslag-Solitar groups means a group with three generators, cyclically ordered, with each generator conjugating some power of the previous one to another power. There are six parameters, occurring in pairs, and we show that the triangle fails to be developable whenever one of the parameters divides its partner, except for a few special cases. Furthermore, under fairly general conditions, the group turns out to be finite and solvable of derived length $\leq3$. We obtain a lot of information about finite quotients, even when we cannot determine developability.
| Corrigendum to ``On $\mathbb{Z}$-modules of Algebraic Integers''
Bell, Jason P.; Hare, Kevin G.
We fix a mistake in the proof of Theorem 1.6 in the paper in the title.
| Compactness of Commutators for Singular Integrals on Morrey Spaces
Chen, Yanping; Ding, Yong; Wang, Xinxia
In this paper we characterize the compactness of the commutator $[b,T]$ for the singular integral operator on the Morrey spaces $L^{p,\lambda}(\mathbb R^n)$. More precisely, we prove that if $b\in \operatorname{VMO}(\mathbb R^n)$, the $\operatorname {BMO} (\mathbb R^n)$-closure of $C_c^\infty(\mathbb R^n)$, then $[b,T]$ is a compact operator on the Morrey spaces $L^{p,\lambda}(\mathbb R^n)$ for $1\lt p\lt \infty$ and $0\lt \lambda\lt n$. Conversely, if $b\in \operatorname{BMO}(\mathbb R^n)$ and $[b,T]$ is a compact operator on the $L^{p,\,\lambda}(\mathbb R^n)$ for some $p\ (1\lt p\lt \infty)$, then $b\in \operatorname {VMO}(\mathbb R^n)$. Moreover, the boundedness of a rough singular integral operator $T$ and its commutator $[b,T]$ on $L^{p,\,\lambda}(\mathbb R^n)$ are also given. We obtain a sufficient condition for a subset in Morrey space to be a strongly pre-compact set, which has interest in its own right.
| Level Lowering Modulo Prime Powers and Twisted Fermat Equations
Dahmen, Sander R.; Yazdani, Soroosh
We discuss a clean level lowering theorem modulo prime powers for weight $2$ cusp forms. Furthermore, we illustrate how this can be used to completely solve certain twisted Fermat equations $ax^n+by^n+cz^n=0$.
| Hermite's Constant for Function Fields
Hurlburt, Chris; Thunder, Jeffrey Lin
We formulate an analog of Hermite's constant for function fields over a finite field and state a conjectural value for this analog. We prove our conjecture in many cases, and prove slightly weaker results in all other cases.
| Cubic Polynomials with Periodic Cycles of a Specified Multiplier
Ingram, Patrick
We consider cubic polynomials $f(z)=z^3+az+b$ defined over $\mathbb{C}(\lambda)$, with a marked point of period $N$ and multiplier $\lambda$. In the case $N=1$, there are infinitely many such objects, and in the case $N\geq 3$, only finitely many (subject to a mild assumption). The case $N=2$ has particularly rich structure, and we are able to describe all such cubic polynomials defined over the field $\bigcup_{n\geq 1}\mathbb{C}(\lambda^{1/n})$.
| Salem Numbers and Pisot Numbers via Interlacing
McKee, James; Smyth, Chris
We present a general construction of Salem numbers via rational functions whose zeros and poles mostly lie on the unit circle and satisfy an interlacing condition. This extends and unifies earlier work. We then consider the ``obvious'' limit points of the set of Salem numbers produced by our theorems and show that these are all Pisot numbers, in support of a conjecture of Boyd. We then show that all Pisot numbers arise in this way. Combining this with a theorem of Boyd, we produce all Salem numbers via an interlacing construction.
| C$^*$-Algebras over Topological Spaces: Filtrated K-Theory
Meyer, Ralf; Nest, Ryszard
We define the filtrated K-theory of a $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebra over a finite topological space \(X\) and explain how to construct a spectral sequence that computes the bivariant Kasparov theory over \(X\) in terms of filtrated K-theory.
| Lifting Quasianalytic Mappings over Invariants
Rainer, Armin
Let $\rho \colon G \to \operatorname{GL}(V)$ be a rational finite dimensional complex representation of a reductive linear algebraic group $G$, and let $\sigma_1,\dots,\sigma_n$ be a system of generators of the algebra of invariant polynomials $\mathbb C[V]^G$. We study the problem of lifting mappings $f\colon \mathbb R^q \supseteq U \to \sigma(V) \subseteq \mathbb C^n$ over the mapping of invariants $\sigma=(\sigma_1,\dots,\sigma_n) \colon V \to \sigma(V)$. Note that $\sigma(V)$ can be identified with the categorical quotient $V /\!\!/ G$ and its points correspond bijectively to the closed orbits in $V$. We prove that if $f$ belongs to a quasianalytic subclass $\mathcal C \subseteq C^\infty$ satisfying some mild closedness properties that guarantee resolution of singularities in $\mathcal C$, e.g., the real analytic class, then $f$ admits a lift of the same class $\mathcal C$ after desingularization by local blow-ups and local power substitutions. As a consequence we show that $f$ itself allows for a lift that belongs to $\operatorname{SBV}_{\operatorname{loc}}$, i.e., special functions of bounded variation. If $\rho$ is a real representation of a compact Lie group, we obtain stronger versions.
| Holomorphic Mappings between Domains in $\mathbb C^2$
Shafikov, Rasul; Verma, Kaushal
An extension theorem for holomorphic mappings between two domains in $\mathbb C^2$ is proved under purely local hypotheses.
| On Cardinal Invariants and Generators for von Neumann Algebras
Sherman, David
We demonstrate how most common cardinal invariants associated with a von Neumann algebra $\mathcal M$ can be computed from the decomposability number, $\operatorname{dens}(\mathcal M)$, and the minimal cardinality of a generating set, $\operatorname{gen}(\mathcal M)$. Applications include the equivalence of the well-known generator problem, ``Is every separably-acting von Neumann algebra singly-generated?", with the formally stronger questions, ``Is every countably-generated von Neumann algebra singly-generated?" and ``Is the $\operatorname{gen}$ invariant monotone?" Modulo the generator problem, we determine the range of the invariant $\bigl( \operatorname{gen}(\mathcal M), \operatorname{dens}(\mathcal M) \bigr)$, which is mostly governed by the inequality $\operatorname{dens}(\mathcal M) \leq \mathfrak C^{\operatorname{gen}(\mathcal M)}$.
| Some Functional Inequalities on Polynomial Volume Growth Lie Groups
Chamorro, Diego
In this article we study some Sobolev-type inequalities on polynomial volume growth Lie groups. We show in particular that improved Sobolev inequalities can be extended to this general framework without the use of the Littlewood-Paley decomposition.
| Le lemme fondamental pondéré pour le groupe métaplectique
Li, Wen-Wei
Dans cet article, on énonce une variante du lemme fondamental pondéré d'Arthur pour le groupe métaplectique de Weil, qui sera un ingrédient indispensable de la stabilisation de la formule des traces. Pour un corps de caractéristique résiduelle suffisamment grande, on en donne une démonstration à l'aide de la méthode de descente, qui est conditionnelle: on admet le lemme fondamental pondéré non standard sur les algèbres de Lie. Vu les travaux de Chaudouard et Laumon, on s'attend à ce que cette condition soit ultérieurement vérifiée.
| On the Simple Inductive Limits of Splitting Interval Algebras with Dimension Drops
Li, Zhiqiang
A K-theoretic classification is given of the simple inductive limits of finite direct sums of the type I $C^*$-algebras known as splitting interval algebras with dimension drops. (These are the subhomogeneous $C^*$-algebras, each having spectrum a finite union of points and an open interval, and torsion $\textrm{K}_1$-group.)
| Fundamental Group of Simple $C^*$-algebras with Unique Trace III
Nawata, Norio
We introduce the fundamental group ${\mathcal F}(A)$ of a simple $\sigma$-unital $C^*$-algebra $A$ with unique (up to scalar multiple) densely defined lower semicontinuous trace. This is a generalization of ``Fundamental Group of Simple $C^*$-algebras with Unique Trace I and II'' by Nawata and Watatani. Our definition in this paper makes sense for stably projectionless $C^*$-algebras. We show that there exist separable stably projectionless $C^*$-algebras such that their fundamental groups are equal to $\mathbb{R}_+^\times$ by using the classification theorem of Razak and Tsang. This is a contrast to the unital case in Nawata and Watatani. This study is motivated by the work of Kishimoto and Kumjian.
| Level Raising and Anticyclotomic Selmer Groups for Hilbert Modular Forms of Weight Two
Nekovář, Jan
In this article we refine the method of Bertolini and Darmon and prove several finiteness results for anticyclotomic Selmer groups of Hilbert modular forms of parallel weight two.
| The Genuine Omega-regular Unitary Dual of the Metaplectic Group
Pantano, Alessandra; Paul, Annegret; Salamanca-Riba, Susana A.
We classify all genuine unitary representations of the metaplectic group whose infinitesimal character is real and at least as regular as that of the oscillator representation. In a previous paper we exhibited a certain family of representations satisfying these conditions, obtained by cohomological induction from the tensor product of a one-dimensional representation and an oscillator representation. Our main theorem asserts that this family exhausts the genuine omega-regular unitary dual of the metaplectic group.
| Pure Infiniteness of the Crossed Product of an AH-Algebra by an Endomorphism
Thomsen, Klaus
It is shown that simplicity of the crossed product of a unital AH-algebra with slow dimension growth by an endomorphism implies that the algebra is also purely infinite, provided only that the endomorphism leaves no trace state invariant and takes the unit to a full projection.
| Analysis of the Brylinski-Kostant Model for Spherical Minimal Representations
Achab, Dehbia; Faraut, Jacques
We revisit with another view point the construction by R. Brylinski and B. Kostant of minimal representations of simple Lie groups. We start from a pair $(V,Q)$, where $V$ is a complex vector space and $Q$ a homogeneous polynomial of degree 4 on $V$. The manifold $\Xi $ is an orbit of a covering of ${\rm Conf}(V,Q)$, the conformal group of the pair $(V,Q)$, in a finite dimensional representation space. By a generalized Kantor-Koecher-Tits construction we obtain a complex simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$, and furthermore a real form ${\mathfrak g}_{\mathbb R}$. The connected and simply connected Lie group $G_{\mathbb R}$ with ${\rm Lie}(G_{\mathbb R})={\mathfrak g}_{\mathbb R}$ acts unitarily on a Hilbert space of holomorphic functions defined on the manifold $\Xi $.
| Homotopy Classification of Projections in the Corona Algebra of a Non-simple $C^*$-algebra
Brown, Lawrence G.; Lee, Hyun Ho
We study projections in the corona algebra of $C(X)\otimes K$, where K is the $C^*$-algebra of compact operators on a separable infinite dimensional Hilbert space and $X=[0,1],[0,\infty),(-\infty,\infty)$, or $[0,1]/\{ 0,1 \}$. Using BDF's essential codimension, we determine conditions for a projection in the corona algebra to be liftable to a projection in the multiplier algebra. We also determine the conditions for two projections to be equal in $K_0$, Murray-von Neumann equivalent, unitarily equivalent, or homotopic. In light of these characterizations, we construct examples showing that the equivalence notions above are all distinct.
| Ricci Solitons and Geometry of Four-dimensional Non-reductive Homogeneous Spaces
Calvaruso, Giovanni; Fino, Anna
We study the geometry of non-reductive $4$-dimensional homogeneous spaces. In particular, after describing their Levi-Civita connection and curvature properties, we classify homogeneous Ricci solitons on these spaces, proving the existence of shrinking, expanding and steady examples. For all the non-trivial examples we find, the Ricci operator is diagonalizable.
| Quantum Random Walks and Minors of Hermitian Brownian Motion
Chapon, François; Defosseux, Manon
Considering quantum random walks, we construct discrete-time approximations of the eigenvalues processes of minors of Hermitian Brownian motion. It has been recently proved by Adler, Nordenstam, and van Moerbeke that the process of eigenvalues of two consecutive minors of a Hermitian Brownian motion is a Markov process; whereas, if one considers more than two consecutive minors, the Markov property fails. We show that there are analog results in the noncommutative counterpart and establish the Markov property of eigenvalues of some particular submatrices of Hermitian Brownian motion.
| A Compositional Shuffle Conjecture Specifying Touch Points of the Dyck Path
Haglund, J.; Morse, J.; Zabrocki, M.
We introduce a $q,t$-enumeration of Dyck paths that are forced to touch the main diagonal at specific points and forbidden to touch elsewhere and conjecture that it describes the action of the Macdonald theory $\nabla$ operator applied to a Hall--Littlewood polynomial. Our conjecture refines several earlier conjectures concerning the space of diagonal harmonics including the ``shuffle conjecture" (Duke J. Math. $\mathbf {126}$ ($2005$), 195-232) for $\nabla e_n[X]$. We bring to light that certain generalized Hall--Littlewood polynomials indexed by compositions are the building blocks for the algebraic combinatorial theory of $q,t$-Catalan sequences, and we prove a number of identities involving these functions.
| Monodromy Filtrations and the Topology of Tropical Varieties
Helm, David; Katz, Eric
We study the topology of tropical varieties that arise from a certain natural class of varieties. We use the theory of tropical degenerations to construct a natural, ``multiplicity-free'' parameterization of $\operatorname{Trop}(X)$ by a topological space $\Gamma_X$ and give a geometric interpretation of the cohomology of $\Gamma_X$ in terms of the action of a monodromy operator on the cohomology of $X$. This gives bounds on the Betti numbers of $\Gamma_X$ in terms of the Betti numbers of $X$ which constrain the topology of $\operatorname{Trop}(X)$. We also obtain a description of the top power of the monodromy operator acting on middle cohomology of $X$ in terms of the volume pairing on $\Gamma_X$.
| Balayage of Semi-Dirichlet Forms
Hu, Ze-Chun; Sun, Wei
In this paper we study the balayage of semi-Dirichlet forms. We present new results on balayaged functions and balayaged measures of semi-Dirichlet forms. Some of the results are new even in the Dirichlet forms setting.
| Boundedness of Calderón-Zygmund Operators on Non-homogeneous Metric Measure Spaces
Hytönen, Tuomas; Liu, Suile; Yang, Dachun; Yang, Dongyong
Let $({\mathcal X}, d, \mu)$ be a separable metric measure space satisfying the known upper doubling condition, the geometrical doubling condition, and the non-atomic condition that $\mu(\{x\})=0$ for all $x\in{\mathcal X}$. In this paper, we show that the boundedness of a Calderón-Zygmund operator $T$ on $L^2(\mu)$ is equivalent to that of $T$ on $L^p(\mu)$ for some $p\in (1, \infty)$, and that of $T$ from $L^1(\mu)$ to $L^{1,\,\infty}(\mu).$ As an application, we prove that if $T$ is a Calderón-Zygmund operator bounded on $L^2(\mu)$, then its maximal operator is bounded on $L^p(\mu)$ for all $p\in (1, \infty)$ and from the space of all complex-valued Borel measures on ${\mathcal X}$ to $L^{1,\,\infty}(\mu)$. All these results generalize the corresponding results of Nazarov et al. on metric spaces with measures satisfying the so-called polynomial growth condition.
| Rectifiability of Optimal Transportation Plans
McCann, Robert J.; Pass, Brendan; Warren, Micah
The regularity of solutions to optimal transportation problems has become a hot topic in current research. It is well known by now that the optimal measure may not be concentrated on the graph of a continuous mapping unless both the transportation cost and the masses transported satisfy very restrictive hypotheses (including sign conditions on the mixed fourth-order derivatives of the cost function). The purpose of this note is to show that in spite of this, the optimal measure is supported on a Lipschitz manifold, provided only that the cost is $C^{2}$ with non-singular mixed second derivative. We use this result to provide a simple proof that solutions to Monge's optimal transportation problem satisfy a change of variables equation almost everywhere.
| The H and K Families of Mock Theta Functions
McIntosh, Richard J.
In his last letter to Hardy, Ramanujan defined 17 functions $F(q)$, $|q|\lt 1$, which he called mock $\theta$-functions. He observed that as $q$ radially approaches any root of unity $\zeta$ at which $F(q)$ has an exponential singularity, there is a $\theta$-function $T_\zeta(q)$ with $F(q)-T_\zeta(q)=O(1)$. Since then, other functions have been found that possess this property. These functions are related to a function $H(x,q)$, where $x$ is usually $q^r$ or $e^{2\pi i r}$ for some rational number $r$. For this reason we refer to $H$ as a ``universal'' mock $\theta$-function. Modular transformations of $H$ give rise to the functions $K$, $K_1$, $K_2$. The functions $K$ and $K_1$ appear in Ramanujan's lost notebook. We prove various linear relations between these functions using Appell-Lerch sums (also called generalized Lambert series). Some relations (mock theta ``conjectures'') involving mock $\theta$-functions of even order and $H$ are listed.
| Densities of Short Uniform Random Walks
Borwein, Jonathan M.; Straub, Armin; Wan, James; Zudilin, Wadim
We study the densities of uniform random walks in the plane. A special focus is on the case of short walks with three or four steps and less completely those with five steps. As one of the main results, we obtain a hypergeometric representation of the density for four steps, which complements the classical elliptic representation in the case of three steps. It appears unrealistic to expect similar results for more than five steps. New results are also presented concerning the moments of uniform random walks and, in particular, their derivatives. Relations with Mahler measures are discussed.
| Poisson Brackets with Prescribed Casimirs
Damianou, Pantelis A.; Petalidou, Fani
We consider the problem of constructing Poisson brackets on smooth manifolds $M$ with prescribed Casimir functions. If $M$ is of even dimension, we achieve our construction by considering a suitable almost symplectic structure on $M$, while, in the case where $M$ is of odd dimension, our objective is achieved by using a convenient almost cosymplectic structure. Several examples and applications are presented.
| On a Theorem of Bombieri, Friedlander, and Iwaniec
Fiorilli, Daniel
In this article, we show to which extent one can improve a theorem of Bombieri, Friedlander and Iwaniec by using Hooley's variant of the divisor switching technique. We also give an application of the theorem in question, which is a Bombieri-Vinogradov type theorem for the Tichmarsh divisor problem in arithmetic progressions.
| Harmonic Analysis Related to Homogeneous Varieties in Three Dimensional Vector Spaces over Finite Fields
Koh, Doowon; Shen, Chun-Yen
In this paper we study the extension problem, the averaging problem, and the generalized Erdős-Falconer distance problem associated with arbitrary homogeneous varieties in three dimensional vector spaces over finite fields. In the case when the varieties do not contain any plane passing through the origin, we obtain the best possible results on the aforementioned three problems. In particular, our result on the extension problem modestly generalizes the result by Mockenhaupt and Tao who studied the particular conical extension problem. In addition, investigating the Fourier decay on homogeneous varieties enables us to give complete mapping properties of averaging operators. Moreover, we improve the size condition on a set such that the cardinality of its distance set is nontrivial.
| Optimal Roughening of Convex Bodies
Plakhov, Alexander
A body moves in a rarefied medium composed of point particles at rest. The particles make elastic reflections when colliding with the body surface, and do not interact with each other. We consider a generalization of Newton's minimal resistance problem: given two bounded convex bodies $C_1$ and $C_2$ such that $C_1 \subset C_2 \subset \mathbb{R}^3$ and $\partial C_1 \cap \partial C_2 = \emptyset$, minimize the resistance in the class of connected bodies $B$ such that $C_1 \subset B \subset C_2$. We prove that the infimum of resistance is zero; that is, there exist "almost perfectly streamlined" bodies.
| A Stochastic Difference Equation with Stationary Noise on Groups
Raja, Chandiraraj Robinson Edward
We consider the stochastic difference equation $$\eta _k = \xi _k \phi (\eta _{k-1}), \quad k \in \mathbb Z $$ on a locally compact group $G$ where $\phi$ is an automorphism of $G$, $\xi _k$ are given $G$-valued random variables and $\eta _k$ are unknown $G$-valued random variables. This equation was considered by Tsirelson and Yor on one-dimensional torus. We consider the case when $\xi _k$ have a common law $\mu$ and prove that if $G$ is a distal group and $\phi$ is a distal automorphism of $G$ and if the equation has a solution, then extremal solutions of the equation are in one-one correspondence with points on the coset space $K\backslash G$ for some compact subgroup $K$ of $G$ such that $\mu$ is supported on $Kz= z\phi (K)$ for any $z$ in the support of $\mu$. We also provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of solutions to the equation.
| Classic and Mirabolic Robinson-Schensted-Knuth Correspondence for Partial Flags
Rosso, Daniele
In this paper we first generalize to the case of partial flags a result proved both by Spaltenstein and by Steinberg that relates the relative position of two complete flags and the irreducible components of the flag variety in which they lie, using the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence. Then we use this result to generalize the mirabolic Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence defined by Travkin, to the case of two partial flags and a line.
| $p$-adic $L$-functions and the Rationality of Darmon Cycles
Seveso, Marco Adamo
Darmon cycles are a higher weight analogue of Stark--Heegner points. They yield local cohomology classes in the Deligne representation associated with a cuspidal form on $\Gamma _{0}( N) $ of even weight $k_{0}\geq 2$. They are conjectured to be the restriction of global cohomology classes in the Bloch--Kato Selmer group defined over narrow ring class fields attached to a real quadratic field. We show that suitable linear combinations of them obtained by genus characters satisfy these conjectures. We also prove $p$-adic Gross--Zagier type formulas, relating the derivatives of $p$-adic $L$-functions of the weight variable attached to imaginary (resp. real) quadratic fields to Heegner cycles (resp. Darmon cycles). Finally we express the second derivative of the Mazur--Kitagawa $p$-adic $L$-function of the weight variable in terms of a global cycle defined over a quadratic extension of $\mathbb{Q}$.
| PFA$(S)[S]$: More Mutually Consistent Topological Consequences of $PFA$ and $V=L$
Tall, Franklin D.
Extending the work of Larson and Todorcevic, we show there is a model of set theory in which normal spaces are collectionwise Hausdorff if they are either first countable or locally compact, and yet there are no first countable $L$-spaces or compact $S$-spaces. The model is one of the form PFA$(S)[S]$, where $S$ is a coherent Souslin tree.
| The Central Limit Theorem for Subsequences in Probabilistic Number Theory
Aistleitner, Christoph; Elsholtz, Christian
Let $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$ be an increasing sequence of positive integers, and let $f(x)$ be a real function satisfying \begin{equation} \tag{1} f(x+1)=f(x), \qquad \int_0^1 f(x) ~dx=0,\qquad \operatorname{Var_{[0,1]}} f \lt \infty. \end{equation} If $\lim_{k \to \infty} \frac{n_{k+1}}{n_k} = \infty$ the distribution of \begin{equation} \tag{2} \frac{\sum_{k=1}^N f(n_k x)}{\sqrt{N}} \end{equation} converges to a Gaussian distribution. In the case $$ 1 \lt \liminf_{k \to \infty} \frac{n_{k+1}}{n_k}, \qquad \limsup_{k \to \infty} \frac{n_{k+1}}{n_k} \lt \infty $$ there is a complex interplay between the analytic properties of the function $f$, the number-theoretic properties of $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$, and the limit distribution of (2).
| Normality of Maximal Orbit Closures for Euclidean Quivers
Bobiński, Grzegorz
Let $\Delta$ be an Euclidean quiver. We prove that the closures of the maximal orbits in the varieties of representations of $\Delta$ are normal and Cohen--Macaulay (even complete intersections). Moreover, we give a generalization of this result for the tame concealed-canonical algebras.
| Darmon's Points and Quaternionic Shimura Varieties
Gärtner, Jérôme
In this paper, we generalize a conjecture due to Darmon and Logan in an adelic setting. We study the relation between our construction and Kudla's works on cycles on orthogonal Shimura varieties. This relation allows us to conjecture a Gross-Kohnen-Zagier theorem for Darmon's points.
| Systems of Weakly Coupled Hamilton-Jacobi Equations with Implicit Obstacles
Gomes, Diogo; Serra, António
In this paper we study systems of weakly coupled Hamilton-Jacobi equations with implicit obstacles that arise in optimal switching problems. Inspired by methods from the theory of viscosity solutions and weak KAM theory, we extend the notion of Aubry set for these systems. This enables us to prove a new result on existence and uniqueness of solutions for the Dirichlet problem, answering a question of F. Camilli, P. Loreti and N. Yamada.
| Uniquely $D$-colourable Digraphs with Large Girth
Harutyunyan, Ararat; Kayll, P. Mark; Mohar, Bojan; Rafferty, Liam
Let $C$ and $D$ be digraphs. A mapping $f\colon V(D)\to V(C)$ is a $C$-colouring if for every arc $uv$ of $D$, either $f(u)f(v)$ is an arc of $C$ or $f(u)=f(v)$, and the preimage of every vertex of $C$ induces an acyclic subdigraph in $D$. We say that $D$ is $C$-colourable if it admits a $C$-colouring and that $D$ is uniquely $C$-colourable if it is surjectively $C$-colourable and any two $C$-colourings of $D$ differ by an automorphism of $C$. We prove that if a digraph $D$ is not $C$-colourable, then there exist digraphs of arbitrarily large girth that are $D$-colourable but not $C$-colourable. Moreover, for every digraph $D$ that is uniquely $D$-colourable, there exists a uniquely $D$-colourable digraph of arbitrarily large girth. In particular, this implies that for every rational number $r\geq 1$, there are uniquely circularly $r$-colourable digraphs with arbitrarily large girth.
| Composition Operators Induced by Analytic Maps to the Polydisk
Izuchi, Kei Ji; Nguyen, Quang Dieu; Ohno, Shûichi
We study properties of composition operators induced by symbols acting from the unit disk to the polydisk. This result will be involved in the investigation of weighted composition operators on the Hardy space on the unit disk and moreover be concerned with composition operators acting from the Bergman space to the Hardy space on the unit disk.
| Bowen Measure From Heteroclinic Points
Killough, D. B.; Putnam, I. F.
We present a new construction of the entropy-maximizing, invariant probability measure on a Smale space (the Bowen measure). Our construction is based on points that are unstably equivalent to one given point, and stably equivalent to another: heteroclinic points. The spirit of the construction is similar to Bowen's construction from periodic points, though the techniques are very different. We also prove results about the growth rate of certain sets of heteroclinic points, and about the stable and unstable components of the Bowen measure. The approach we take is to prove results through direct computation for the case of a Shift of Finite type, and then use resolving factor maps to extend the results to more general Smale spaces.
| Note on Cubature Formulae and Designs Obtained from Group Orbits
Nozaki, Hiroshi; Sawa, Masanori
In 1960, Sobolev proved that for a finite reflection group $G$, a $G$-invariant cubature formula is of degree $t$ if and only if it is exact for all $G$-invariant polynomials of degree at most $t$. In this paper, we find some observations on invariant cubature formulas and Euclidean designs in connection with the Sobolev theorem. First, we give an alternative proof of theorems by Xu (1998) on necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of cubature formulas with some strong symmetry. The new proof is shorter and simpler compared to the original one by Xu, and moreover gives a general interpretation of the analytically-written conditions of Xu's theorems. Second, we extend a theorem by Neumaier and Seidel (1988) on Euclidean designs to invariant Euclidean designs, and thereby classify tight Euclidean designs obtained from unions of the orbits of the corner vectors. This result generalizes a theorem of Bajnok (2007) which classifies tight Euclidean designs invariant under the Weyl group of type $B$ to other finite reflection groups.
| On Weakly Tight Families
Raghavan, Dilip; Steprāns, Juris
Using ideas from Shelah's recent proof that a completely separable maximal almost disjoint family exists when $\mathfrak{c} \lt {\aleph}_{\omega}$, we construct a weakly tight family under the hypothesis $\mathfrak{s} \leq \mathfrak{b} \lt {\aleph}_{\omega}$. The case when $\mathfrak{s} \lt \mathfrak{b}$ is handled in $\mathrm{ZFC}$ and does not require $\mathfrak{b} \lt {\aleph}_{\omega}$, while an additional PCF type hypothesis, which holds when $\mathfrak{b} \lt {\aleph}_{\omega}$ is used to treat the case $\mathfrak{s} = \mathfrak{b}$. The notion of a weakly tight family is a natural weakening of the well studied notion of a Cohen indestructible maximal almost disjoint family. It was introduced by Hrušák and García Ferreira, who applied it to the Katétov order on almost disjoint families.
| Existence of Weak Solutions of Linear Subelliptic Dirichlet Problems With Rough Coefficients
Rodney, Scott
This article gives an existence theory for weak solutions of second order non-elliptic linear Dirichlet problems of the form \begin{align*} \nabla'P(x)\nabla u +{\bf HR}u+{\bf S'G}u +Fu &= f+{\bf T'g} \text{ in }\Theta \\ u&=\varphi\text{ on }\partial \Theta. \end{align*} The principal part $\xi'P(x)\xi$ of the above equation is assumed to be comparable to a quadratic form ${\mathcal Q}(x,\xi) = \xi'Q(x)\xi$ that may vanish for non-zero $\xi\in\mathbb{R}^n$. This is achieved using techniques of functional analysis applied to the degenerate Sobolev spaces $QH^1(\Theta)=W^{1,2}(\Theta,Q)$ and $QH^1_0(\Theta)=W^{1,2}_0(\Theta,Q)$ as defined in previous works. Sawyer and Wheeden give a regularity theory for a subset of the class of equations dealt with here.
| Global Well-Posedness and Convergence Results for 3D-Regularized Boussinesq System
Selmi, Ridha
Analytical study to the regularization of the Boussinesq system is performed in frequency space using Fourier theory. Existence and uniqueness of weak solution with minimum regularity requirement are proved. Convergence results of the unique weak solution of the regularized Boussinesq system to a weak Leray-Hopf solution of the Boussinesq system are established as the regularizing parameter $\alpha$ vanishes. The proofs are done in the frequency space and use energy methods, Arselà-Ascoli compactness theorem and a Friedrichs like approximation scheme.


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This week's recalls: BMW, Buick, Mercedes-Benz, Rolls-Royce
In case you missed it: Vehicle recalls that came across our desk during the past week. Materials for this recap are received via email from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) copied directly from the www.safercar.gov website.
2017 BMW 4-Series, Rolls-Royce Dawn
Units Affected 292
BMW of North America, LLC (BMW) is recalling certain 2017 430i, 430i xDrive, 440i, 440i xDrive and M4 vehicles and Rolls-Royce Dawn vehicles. The affected vehicles have seat-mounted side air bag inflator initiators that may fail to ignite during a crash.
BMW will notify owners, and dealers will replace the air bag modules, free of charge. The recall is expected to begin April 17, 2017. Owners may contact BMW customer service at 1-800-525-7417.
2017 Buick LaCrosse
Units Affected 2,085
General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain 2017 Buick LaCrosse vehicles. The electrical connectors for the Electronic Power Steering (EPS) system may not be properly sealed. As a result, water may enter and corrode the connectors possibly resulting in a loss of power steering.
GM will notify owners, and dealers will inspect correct the seal seating and secure the EPS connector seals, free of charge. The manufacturer has not yet provided a notification schedule. Owners may contact Buick customer service at 1-800-521-7300. GM's number for this recall is 17085.
2015-2017 Mercedes-Benz C-Class, CLA-Class, E-Class, GLA-Class, GLC-Class
Units Affected 354,434
Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC. (MBUSA) is recalling certain 2015-2017 C300 4Matic, C300, CLA250, CLA250 4Matic and CLA45 AMG vehicles, 2017 C300 4Matic Cabrio, C300 4Matic Coupe, C300 Cabrio, C300 Coupe, E300, E300 4Matic, E400 4Matic Wagon, E43 AMG 4Matic, GLA250, GLA250 4Matic and GLC300 4Matic Coupe vehicles and 2016 C350e and GLC300 vehicles and 2016-2017 C450 4Matic AMG Sport and GLC300 4Matic vehicles. In the event that the engine or transmission cannot turn over, the starting current limiter may overheat from the repeated attempts of the starter motor attempting to start the vehicle.
MBUSA will notify owners, and dealers will install an additional fuse in the electrical line to the starter, free of charge. Parts to remedy the vehicles are not currently available. Owners will be notified of the recall beginning in late March 2017. Owners will be mailed a follow up notice when remedy parts are available, currently expected to be in July 2017. Owners may contact MBUSA customer service at 1-800-367-6372.
Note for all recalls: Owners may also contact the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Vehicle Safety Hotline at 1-888-327-4236 (TTY 1-800-424-9153), or go to www.safercar.gov.
Worried that you might have missed a recall on your car? Now you can look it up yourself online => https://vinrcl.safercar.gov/vin/.
To find your next new, used or certified vehicle visit www.driveautonow.com today. Local car shopping made easy!


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WQ322, Reviewed January 2009
Roof gutters may be needed with livestock facilities to divert clean water from contaminated lot runoff and minimize the total quantity of waste effluent requiring proper disposal.
It is estimated that the annual runoff from a 92-foot by 200-foot barn roof near Springfield, Mo., will average about 470,000 gallons. If allowed to be polluted by manure, this nearly one-half million gallons of previously clean water must be disposed of on land without producing runoff.
Uncontaminated roof water can be discharged into the waters of the state or stored for farm use, such as watering livestock. Frequently, dairy barns present special problems due to their huge roof areas, which require large gutters and downspout capacity.
Positioning gutters to reduce snow and ice slide failures may be a major consideration. If the building eave-line has a 2- to 3-percent slope, as is common on gutter-flushed buildings, gutter capacity is increased compared to gutters mounted nearly level. Most gutters are mounted level for appearance, but a slope of 1/16 inch per foot is desirable for drainage.
An alternative to roof gutters for buildings with at least a 12-inch overhang and where an open channel will not be polluted is a surfaced channel or a stone-lined, tile-drained ditch alongside of the building. Also, an open channel could conduct water from a small gutter with multiple downspouts.
In typical construction, downspouts are spaced from 20 feet to 50 feet with a 60-foot maximum. The final routing of the roof water may determine whether a small gutter with many downspouts will be more feasible than a large gutter with few downspouts. House-sized gutters are readily available. But in many rural locations, specially formed gutters may be quite expensive. Gutter hangers are normally spaced 3 feet on center (o.c.), but 1.5 feet o.c. is recommended where ice and snow are long-lasting.
In an environment with broad temperature changes, the gutters need to move without being restrained by the hangers. An alternative is to build the gutter with shorter lengths, allowing a space between sections for expansion. Table 1 shows the thermal expansion/contraction of a 100-foot length of gutter with 100 degrees of temperature change.
Table 1
Coefficient of expansion and expansion/contraction of 100 feet of gutter with 100 degrees of temperature change
This publication will work example problems to illustrate the use of roof gutters.
Design a gutter/downspout system for a 92-foot by 200-foot free-stall barn located near Boonville, Mo., with a 4:12 gable roof. Assume a level rectangular gutter with a depth to width ratio of 0.75.
On the 200-foot-long roof, assume four downspouts. Use the factor of 1.05 from Table 2 to adjust the roof plan-area for the 4:12 roof pitch.
Table 2
Design-area adjustment factor for pitched roofs. Multiply the plan area of the roof by the adjustment factor corresponding to the roof pitch
Figure 1
Width of level rectangular gutters for given roof areas and rainfall intensities.
Use Figure 1 to find the width of gutter for 50-foot lengths of gutter. Use the rainfall intensity value of 7.2 inches per hour for Boonville from Figure 2 . For a segment of roof 46 feet wide by 50 feet long, the adjusted "IA" value will be: IA = 46 feet x 50 feet x 1.05 x 7.2 = 17,388. From Figure 1, for a depth/width ratio of 0.75, the required gutter width is 7.5 inches. Select a rectangular gutter 8 inches wide by 6 inches deep.
Figure 2
Map shows rainfall intensity in inches per hour for 5-minute periods to be expected once in 10 years. Normally, this is adequate for design, but storms have been twice as intense in some areas. See local records for more accurate data.
Assume the foundation, eave height and gutter for the free-stall barn are sloped at 2 percent for flushing the alleys. To determine the width of a rectangular gutter, see Table 3. Refer to Table 4 to determine the diameter of a semi-circular gutter to carry runoff from a 50-foot long portion of the building.
Table 3
Capacity for rectangular roof gutters
Table 4
Capacity for smooth semi-circular gutters, such as PVC, at various slopes
First, determine the roof runoff:
Select a gutter with at least 0.40 cfs capacity at 2 percent slope. From Table 3, select a rectangular gutter 5 inches wide (depth = 0.75 times width = 3.75 inches). Select a semicircular gutter 6 inches in diameter (Table 4).
Select an adequate downspout to accommodate 0.40 cfs flow with 3.75-inch head from the rectangular gutter in Example 2.
In Table 5, we find that with a 3.75-inch head, a 6-inch diameter downspout will be required. Because the gutter is only 5 inches wide, a rectangular 5-inch by 6-inch transition may be used to connect the 6-inch round downspout to the 5-inch gutter.
Table 5
Capacity of circular downspouts based on orifice flow
An alternative would be to increase the head above the 6-inch downspout by means of a drop box.
Downspout capacity can be increased by using a tapered transition to enlarge the downspout entrance in the bottom of the gutter, thus increasing the inlet area. Or you may add a dropbox at each downspout location to increase the head of water above the downspout entrance. See Table 5 for the capacity of various downspout diameter sizes at various heads.
A rule of thumb for sizing the tapered inlet or drop-box inlet is for the cross-sectional (horizontal) area to be at least 1.5 times the downspout cross-sectional area and the vertical drop from the gutter to the downspout entrance to be at least twice the downspout diameter.
Using the 0.40 cfs downspout capacity needed for the 50-foot sloped gutter in Example 2, determine the total head necessary to cause 0.40 cfs to enter a 4-inch diameter downspout.
From Table 5, by interpolation, we find that 11 inches of head will cause 0.40 cfs to enter the 4-inch downspout.
Using the rules of thumb above, we would select an 11-inch deep dropbox (or a tapered transition) with a horizontal area of at least 18.85 square inches. See the following formula:
Required area = 1.5 x 22(pi) = 1.5 x 12.56 = 18.85 square inches (pi = 3.14)
Clearance for snow and ice slides should be taken into account in positioning the gutters. In general, the flatter the roof pitch, the greater the clearance required. Use Figure 3 as a guide in positioning gutters for the snow and ice clearance.
Figure 3
Properly position gutters. Snow and ice can slide off the roof clear of the gutter. Steeper pitch roofs require less clearance.
Table 6 provides data for selecting sizes for various shapes of standard downspouts, based on cross-sectional area.
Table 6
Standard downspout sizes
For small downspouts discharging water onto erosion-resistant surfaces, spreader/splash pans may be used (Figure 4).
Figure 4
Spreader/splash pan for discharging downspouts onto erosion-resistant surfaces.
Discharging large downspouts or conduits receiving water from several downspouts onto soil may require special treatment to prevent erosion or to eliminate a plunge pool.
Typically, discharges from large gutters may be routed via an underground or overland pipe to a stable channel or via a surface channel to a grass waterway or a rock-lined channel. Table 7 gives suggested permissible discharge velocities to use if more specific values are not available for bare and vegetated waterways. Table 8 contains data for flow in trapezoidal channels with recommended 4:1 side slopes.
Table 7
Maximum permissible water velocities to prevent erosion in grassy waterways
Table 8
Maximum channel capacity and flow depth (for a trapezoidal channel with 4:1 side slopes) for various values of channel width, slope and "n," using Manning's formula with selected slopes and allowable velocities from Table 7 (table is split into two parts)
Table 8
Maximum channel capacity and flow depth (for a trapezoidal channel with 4:1 side slopes) for various values of channel width, slope and "n," using Manning's formula with selected slopes and allowable velocities from Table 7 (continued)
Some means of spreading the discharging water uniformly over a wide vegetated waterway is required. A suggested method is to use a gated discharge pipe in a concrete basin across the width of the flat bottom of a trapezoidal waterway (Figure 5). Data for selected gated discharge pipes are tabulated in Table 9.
Figure 5
Schematic drawing of gated pipe in a concrete distribution basin discharging into a trapezoidal waterway.
Other types of energy-dissipating structures are shown in Soil and Water Conservation Engineering (References). One alternative is discharging water into a bed of large rocks to dissipate the energy and spread the flow.
For more information on the design of grassy waterways, consult your local Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) office or your local MU Extension agricultural engineering specialist (you may get that person's name at your local MU Extension center).
Select a waterway and distribution system to receive the roof discharge from a 92-foot by 200-foot barn with 4:12 roof slope. Determine the roof runoff (as shown previously):
Select the bottom width for a trapezoidal waterway on an 8-percent slope with a good stand of fescue. Table 7 shows the allowable waterway velocity is 3.5 feet per second. From Table 8, we see that a 4-foot-wide waterway will carry 2.6 cfs on an 8-percent slope at a velocity of 3 feet per second and 6 cfs at 4 feet per second on an 8-percent slope. By straight-line interpolation, the capacity of a 4-foot waterway at 3.5 feet per second would be a 4.3 cfs, adequate for the 3.22 cfs roof runoff. Note that the bottom width of a trapezoidal waterway channel may be chosen based on the width of equipment used for construction or for mowing and removing the grass instead of the minimum width necessary to achieve a non-erodible velocity.
Use Table 9 to select a distribution system with a 4-foot width and capacity of 3.22 cfs. A 4-foot distribution system with 5-inch diameter pipe, 12 holes that are 2 inches in diameter and 5.2 feet of head will result in a 3.2 cfs flow rate — just adequate for the maximum flow.
Table 9
Discharge data for gated distribution pipe
If the slope from the barn to the distribution pipe is also 8 percent, from Table 10 we find that a 4-inch PVC pipe will be adequate for conveying the 3.22 cfs flow from the barn to the gated distribution pipe. However, to have a residual head of at least 5.2 feet at a gated distribution pipe (as opposed to an open discharge pipe, as in Table 10), the pressure drop through the conduit from the barn should be investigated and the conduit should be sized to provide adequate pressure at the distribution point.
Table 10
Gravity flow for smooth pipes, such as PVC, at various slopes
For more information on the design of gated-pipe systems, consult your local NRCS area engineer or your MU Extension regional agricultural engineering specialist. You may get that person's name from your local NRCS office or local MU Extension center). The engineers have a computer program available for design of gated-pipe systems.
Downspouts can be discharged into a pipe suspended on the side of the building at some design slope, laid on the ground alongside the building or buried underground at the design slope. Use Table 10 to select the pipe size based on the required capacity and the pipe slope. The capacities are based on water flowing in the pipe at a depth equal to 70 percent of the inside pipe diameter.
Order publications online at http://extension.missouri.edu/explore/shop/ or call toll-free 800-292-0969.


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Car Deals
Minivan Deals: July 2012
It can be difficult to sort through the myriad of minivan choices offered by automakers-and even more challenging to find the best deals. We've compiled a list of the best special offers and incentives available throughout July on our favorite minivans, allowing buyers to narrow their searches based on the most affordable new vans on the market.
Chrysler Town & Country
Car shoppers interested in leasing a luxurious new Chrysler Town & Country will find a great deal offered by the automaker throughout July. According to Chrysler, lease deals on the van start at a reasonable $299 per month after $2,999 due at signing for the base Town & Country Touring, which offers impressive standard equipment ranging from cruise control and remote keyless entry to a rear-view camera and a DVD player for rear-seat passengers. Thanks to a recent face-lift, the Town & Country also now includes Chrysler's 3.6-liter Pentastar V6, which produces 283 horsepower and achieves up to 25 mpg.
Find a Town & Country for sale.
Honda Odyssey
Honda doesn't offer a cash back deal on its popular Odyssey minivan, but the automaker is touting incentives for buyers looking to lease or finance the van throughout July. For qualified buyers looking to finance a 2012 Odyssey, Honda is advertising interest rates as low as 0.9 percent for up to 60 months. Lease customers will also find a great deal in July, with Honda touting a zero-down lease with monthly payments of $340 for the base Odyssey LX. For shoppers who would prefer a lower monthly payment to a zero-down deal, Honda is also offering rates as low as $289 per month after $1,999 at signing.
Kia Sedona
Kia's aging Sedona offers several major incentives for minivan shoppers interested in financing their next van or buying with cash. For cash buyers, Kia is advertising up to $2,500 back on any new 2012 Sedona-an offer that can be combined with interest rates as low as 1.9 percent for shoppers looking to finance. But the July deals don't stop there. Kia is also offering up to $1,500 cash back through the end of the month for shoppers currently driving a competitor's minivan. Current Kia owners can also get a price break on a new Sedona, with the automaker providing up to $1,500 back in "customer loyalty cash" for buyers trading in their old Kia on a new Sedona.
Nissan Quest
Nissan's recently redesigned Quest is available with several incentives throughout July. The best deals are on upscale SV, SL and LE trim levels at 0.9 percent financing for up to 60 months. The rate increases to 1.9 percent for the base Quest S. The high-end models also come with cash back offers of up to $2,750, while the Quest S can be had with up to $1,000 back. But while those deals will undoubtedly spur many buyers to add the Quest to their shopping lists, one more incentive may pique the interest of child-toting minivan buyers. According to Nissan, the 2012 Quest SL can be had throughout July with a free rear-seat DVD player-a must-have option that normally sells for $2,100.
Toyota Sienna
Despite high demand and a recent redesign, Toyota's popular Sienna can be had with several major incentives throughout July. According to the automaker, qualified minivan buyers looking to finance a 2012 Sienna can get zero percent interest for up to 48 months, or 0.9 percent for up to 60 months. For shoppers who would prefer to lease, Toyota is touting monthly payments as low as $279 after $2,999 down. Best of all, both deals feature Toyota's new complimentary maintenance plan with 24-hour roadside assistance, which is included on the automaker's entire lineup and lasts up to two years or 25,000 miles.
What it means to you: Even the most popular minivans are available with impressive special offers throughout July.


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The nation's fledgling ethanol industry is readying for expanded production following the Environmental Protection Agency's June 12 denial of California's request for a waiver from the federal government's reformulated gasoline (RFG) oxygen requirement.
U.S. grain producer associations, which have fought the waiver request, have commended EPA's action.
"After more than two years of uncertainty on this issue, NCGA applauds the Bush administration for reaching the correct decision on the waiver," said National Corn Growers Association President-elect Tim Hume, a grower from Walsh, Colo.
The administration's decision to deny the waiver is being hailed as a milestone victory for the ethanol industry and for grain producers. NCGA says the "technical arguments" it has provided to the EPA during the last 18 months validates NCGA's analysis, which determined that adding ethanol to California's gasoline would improve air quality and protect water resources.
Demand for ethanol in California will be approximately 580 million gallons annually. About 230 million bushels of corn will be used to produce the ethanol needed by California motorists. That amount of corn grind will boost corn prices by 10 to 15 cents per bushel, increasing the value of the nation's corn crop by as much as $1 billion, according to NCGA's figures.
Tim Hume, NCGA president-elect and a Walsh, Colo., farmer, said: "The administration's denial of the waiver sends a clear message: The oxygen requirement is working and is necessary for clean air. Corn growers have received the green light they have been waiting for, and are ready to make the investments needed to expand ethanol production"
Corn, generally considered the primary source for ethanol production, would be the obvious beneficiary of the denial of waiver, but other grain groups see benefits for other grains. Officials of the Lubbock, Texas-based National Sorghum Producers Association (NSPA) see a boon to that crop.
"With no less than eight proposed ethanol plants under various stages of development in the sorghum belt, this industry (ethanol production) holds tremendous promise to become the single largest user of grain sorghum in the United States if they can be assured a reliable supply of grain," says James Vorderstrasse, NSPA vice president for domestic marketing and a producer from Hebron, Neb.
Group's information
NCGA, which has been most visible in the advocacy of ethanol and in opposition to the California waiver request, says EPA's decision is based largely on information and analyses provided by the producer group.
An NCGA release says the group supplied EPA with the factual data — in the form of a technical analysis — to help secure a favorable decision.
"Specifically," said Hume, "NCGA's data demonstrated that adding ethanol to California's gasoline would improve air quality and protect water resources."
EPA, in fact, said its decision was based on California's failure to disprove evidence of improved air and water quality as the result of using gasoline blended with oxygenates, including ethanol.
"After an extensive analysis," an EPA announcement said, "the agency concluded that there is significant uncertainty over the change in emissions that would result from a waiver. California has not clearly demonstrated what the impact on smog would be from a waiver of the oxygen mandate."
NCGA says ethanol production for this year is on schedule to exceed 2 billion gallons. With 600 million gallons of ethanol obligated for clean fuels programs, NCGA says there is plenty of ethanol available to meet the needs of California motorists.
Grain producer groups say the denial of waiver will impact ethanol production and use beyond California. Uncertainty surrounding California's two-year-old request for waiver, they say, has dissuaded growers from investing in new ethanol plants and increasing capacity at existing facilities. Much of the nation's ethanol production is in grower cooperative plants.
NCGA says ethanol production capacity is expected to increase significantly, because the uncertainty surrounding the waiver has been removed.
Several benefits
"EPA's decision — coupled with congressional initiatives to incorporate a renewable fuels standard in emerging energy policy — will enable ethanol producers to help meet national energy security goals, facilitate environmental stewardship and promote economic development for rural communities," NCGA's Hume said.
The National Grain Sorghum Producers said the waiver denial enhances potential profitability for grain sorghum producers, preserves an important ethanol market, and helps the environment.
"This is a win-win decision for producers and the environment," says Leo Bindel, NGSP president and a producer from Sabetha, Kan.
He said granting the waiver would have destroyed an opportunity to expand a market for American grain at a time when the country is suffering from both low commodity prices and an energy shortage.
Last year, 13 percent of the U.S. grain sorghum crop was used for ethanol production, and the figure is forecast to increase this year, Tim Lust, NGSP executive director in Lubbock, said.
"Basis levels around ethanol plants are higher by 10 to 15 cents per bushel, and the competition helps increase the prices that sorghum producers receive for their grain," Lust said.
The ethanol industry in Nebraska, Kansas and New Mexico has increased usage to a projected 15 percent of production for the 2000-2001 marketing year.
The Clean Air Act requires that fuel contain oxygen from the additives methyl butyl ether (MTBE) or ethanol to reduce emissions of ozone, a major component of smog.
After abandoning petroleum- MTBE as an additive, California officials sought a waiver from Clean Air rules that would allow them to ignore the requirement rather than seek use of ethanol made from grain sorghum or corn. As a result of EPA's denial of this request, ethanol now becomes the alternative oxygenate for California and other states that have abandoned MTBE.
e-mail: [email protected]


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text: Dr. King gives the three views one can take regarding the state of race relations: optimism, pessimism, and realistic. Dr. King argues for a realistic stance because America has accomplished much in race relations, but still has a long way to go. He further explains that he thinks segregation is in its last days.