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The Yorkshire derby between Barnsley and Huddersfield Town.
Simon Church played a big part in Barnsley's downfall after turning down a loan move to Oakwell in favour of Huddersfield this week as Jermaine Beckford's first-half header proved decisive in this Yorkshire derby.
Reading striker Church, who opted for a loan move to Huddersfield instead of Barnsley on Friday, laid on the winner for Beckford, who headed home the Wales international's pin-point cross in the 36th minute.
Church, a constant threat for the visitors, twice went close himself as Huddersfield climbed back into the top six with a fourth away win in the npower Championship this season, while a fourth straight defeat for Barnsley leaves them two points above the drop zone.
It was the first meeting between the two sides since Barnsley edged past Huddersfield in a League One play-off semi-final in 2006.
Teenager John Stones, fellow defender Stephen Foster and striker Marlon Harewood were back for Barnsley, while former Tottenham and Middlesbrough forward Mido, yet to appear for the Tykes since arriving in the summer, was named among the substitutes.
Huddersfield included Church and recalled right-back Jack Hunt and Beckford.
The first real chance fell to Harewood, who headed a corner from Jacob Mellis just wide in the 15th minute and the former Nottingham Forest striker fired in a 25-yard shot that was comfortably gathered by Huddersfield goalkeeper Alex Smithies.
Prompted by midfielder Stephen Dawson, Barnsley enjoyed the better possession midway through the first half, but it was Huddersfield who broke the deadlock nine minutes before half-time.
Church found space out wide on the left and sent over a fine cross for Beckford, back in the side following a hamstring injury, to head home into the top corner from six yards.
Barnsley's response was immediate though. Tomasz Cywka arrowed a shot from the left edge of the penalty area just over the crossbar and Dawson's effort from similar distance was well saved by Smithies.
Barnsley continued to keep hold of the ball for longer periods, but had only Kelvin Etuhu's wayward free-kick to show for their efforts up until the hour-mark when Huddersfield lost Beckford to injury.
Beckford was replaced by Danny Ward and the visitors then went close to increasing their lead twice in as many minutes.
Striker Lee Novak's shot from the edge of the area was held by Steele before midfielder Keith Southern headed Ward's corner inches wide in the 62nd minute.
Tykes boss Keith Hill sent on former Egypt international Mido for Etuhu soon after, but Huddersfield went close again from another Ward corner, this time defender Joel Lynch heading the wrong side of the post.
Hill sent on teenager Reuben Noble-Lazarus and Jim O'Brien for Cwyka and Dawson respectively and the former made an instant impression when he fired a shot over the crossbar.
Church, a constant thorn in Barnsley's side, forced a smart save from Steele with a 77th-minute shot from inside the box, while the Tykes spurned two golden chances to level in the closing stages but Harewood and then O'Brien both pulled shots wide when well-placed inside the area.
Barnsley: Steele, Stones, Wiseman, Foster, Golbourne, Cranie, Etuhu (Mido 63), Dawson (Noble-Lazarus 68), Mellis, Cywka (O'Brien 68), Harewood. Subs not used: Alnwick, Hassell, Dagnall, McNulty.
Huddersfield: Smithies, Hunt, P Clarke, Lynch, Dixon, Clayton, Southern, Scannell, Novak (Lee 86), Beckford (Ward 59), Church. Subs not used: Bennett, Woods, Norwood, Gerrard, Hammill.


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Is there anything in scripture that mentions the "sacred heart"? And does the sacred heart of Jesus mean His physical heart, His feelings or the essence of His being?
|Answer by Fr. John Echert on 10/30/2012:
There are several texts that cite the heart as revealing the "heart" of a person, that is, the root of good or evil. The heart is the core of the person, if you will. The Church draws from the Passion according to Saint John for the Gospel reading on the Feast of the Sacred Heart, specifically the account of our Lord on the Cross entrusting his Mother into the care of the Disciple Whom He Loved. His physical heart was pierced while on the Cross, so it includes the physical heart of our Lord but refers more deeply to the sacred love of God for us, which was the divine motive for creating us and then redeeming us, at the cost of the death of the Son of God. Father Echert
Father Echert

subset: commoncrawl


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Tough scoring at Augusta
Augusta, GA – Some morning rain rolled through Augusta National on Friday and, coupled with a freshening breeze, made scoring conditions more difficult so far in the second round of the 77th Masters.
With sixty-nine players on the course, just nine of them are in red figures. Paul Lawrie, the 1999 British Open champion, and Nick Watney led the way at minus-3 for the day. Lawrie was through 15 holes, and Watney 13 of his second round.
Steve Stricker was 2-under after 13 holes, while Thorbjorn Olesen, in the first group out, carded a 2-under 70.
The remainder of those in red figures were just 1-under par for the day.
With just one group finished, the scoring average is projected to rise by nearly a half stroke. In Thursday's opening, the field averaged 73.05. The second round average to this point is 73.48, and is expected to climb with the breeze blowing.
There has already been one 77 posted today by John Merrick, and there were five other players on the course at 5-over par or worse for their round.


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The autumn winds have brought down the lurid, neon-green, curiously wrinkled fruits of the Osage orange...
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Rose Garden
The origin of our modern garden roses was a mystery until the twentieth century. Their genealogy was explored by geneticist Charles Chamberlain Hurst from 1922-1947 here in the Botanic Garden. Hurst attempted to disentangle their complex ancestry by crossing rose species and examining the genetics and the chromosomes of the resulting hybrids. He proposed a scheme of rose evolution from these studies.
Rosa 'Blush Rambler'
This is demonstrated in the design of the Rose Garden, the work of legendary plantsman and Garden Adviser to the National Trust, Graham Stuart Thomas, who was a horticultural trainee at the Botanic Garden. The Rose Garden straddles the South Walk: on the south side are the rose species and the primary hybrids arising between them. The radiating island beds on the north side show the influence of new species crossed with traditional European varieties, including the China roses, the Damasks, and the Bourbons. The Rose Garden was planted in 1980-81 to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the University acquiring the land for a 'new' Botanic Garden in 1831.
The garden forms of roses do not grow particularly well in the chalky, dry soil of the Botanic Garden, so a really thick mulch is applied each autumn to enrich the soil and conserve moisture. Many species and primary hybrids, however, flourish. Hurst created many beautiful hybrids during his experimental work and he named two after the Botanic Garden – the single pink Rosa 'Cantab' and the beautiful yellow shrub
Rosa x cantabrigiensis
. Another hybrid commemorates the Botanic Garden benefactor Reginald Cory, and is known as
R. x coryana
The diversity of colour and form of the many different roses in the Rose Garden is counterbalanced by a classic underplanting of lavenders and geraniums so throughout the summer, the Rose Garden is a magnet not just for visitors but for a myriad bees and butterflies. At its heart are two back-to-back, yew-enclosed benches that offer scent-infused vantage points over the history of the garden rose.
The raspberry ripples of Rosa 'Mundi'
The lavender underplanting in the Rose Garden is attractive through the summer
Rosa x cantabrigiensis
Ancient European roses
Use this map to position the marker. Click on the position you want on the map, then click the save button above.
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Father's Day Gift Ideas: 10 Good Shopper's Guides
Still on the lookout for something to give the father of your children this Sunday? We've rounded up ten dad-appropriate shopper's guides if you're searching for ideas. Click below for the full list.
1. 10 Gadgets for Design Loving Dads
2. Best Portable Grills: Weber, Fuego, Lodge & More
3. Tech Stores for Travelers: Chargers, Organizers & More
4. Best Outdoor Fire Pits and Fireplaces
5. In Search of the Perfect Headphones
6. The Fine Art of Gadget Shopping at Museum Stores
7. Best Charging Stations 2011
8. Vintage Photography: High & Low
9. Best Travel and Small-Scale Alarm Clocks
10. Vintage Home Stores for Guys
Images: As linked in captions


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photos by William Brody The 22nd annual Shake the Shack Rockabilly Ball ripped through Ballard last night on the first of three nights at the Tractor Tavern. Roy Kay Combo, Jukehouse Hounds, Billy Dwayne and the Creepers, plus the Shake The Shack Rock'n Roll Party with Vince Mira, Mark Pickerel, Christy McWilson, Billy Joe ofRead more…
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KEXP AND THE UWKEXP is an
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iTunes and KEXPYou can now find KEXP under "Eclectic" in iTunes after the demise of the "Public" category, to better represent the diversity of our daytime variety shows and numerous specialty programs.
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by Andrew Gahwiler, sports information student assistant
>>>Full List
SKILLMAN, NJ. – The Intercollegiate Tennis Association (ITA) released its All-Academic Teams and Scholar Athletes for the 2013 season, which featured four of the Georgia College women's tennis players, Michelle Lingner, May Johnson, Ivana Marevic (Rottweil, Germany) and Sarah Murray (Alpharetta, Ga.).
The ITA All-Academic Team award is open to any qualifying ITA program who's cumulative team grade point average (GPA) was at least 3.20 or above out of a 4.0 scale. To be recognized as an ITA Scholar-Athlete, the player must be awarded a varsity letter, have a GPA of 3.50 or higher and be enrolled in the current institution for two semesters.
The women's tennis team finished 16-12 for the 2013 season with a 7-6 record inside the Peach Belt Conference (PBC). The record was good enough to qualify for the NCAA Tournament for the 19th consecutive year.
One of the two graduated seniors on the list was Lingner, who carried a 9-9 record for the Bobcats and finished strong for the team with a 4-3 mark over her last 10 matches. Johnson was the second graduated senior ITA Scholar-Athlete award winner, sporting an impressive 18-7 record for Georgia College. Johnson also had the second-best winning streak on for the Bobcats with six.
Marevic was the lone junior for the GC women's tennis team in 2013 also receiving an ITA Scholar-Athlete award. Marevic had an impressive victory over Wingate's No. 1 player Ali Evers, winning in straight sets 7-6, 6-2.
Murray was a freshman for Georgia College in 2013 receiving recognition for her work in the classroom. Murray played in the No. 6 slot for the Bobcats for 2013 and started 20 matches as a freshman.
The Georgia College Department of Athletics, two-time winners of the PBC Commissioner's Cup, sponsors 11 varsity athletic programs at the NCAA Division II level. As a Division II program, Bobcat Athletics prides itself on balancing the life of the student-athlete, evidenced by the teams' multiple appearances in post-season competition as well as documented academic success and community-service involvement. Sign up at www.twitter.com/BobcatSports and www.facebook.com/gcbobcats for up-to-the-minute reports, and visit www.GCBobcats.com for more information, and to nominate your favorite former Bobcats and Colonials to the GC Athletics Hall of Fame.


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Kings are paranoid for a good reason.
"And then the conspiracy theorists who come along later have to piece everything together with the Zapruder film and the footage of the Grassy Knoll and so forth, which enables us then to begin to perceive that based on piecing these images together there most likely was a conspiracy.The day before President John F. Kennedy was assassinated at Dealey Plaza in Dallas, renowned American historian Richard J. Hofstadter delivered a lecture at Oxford University that would later turn into his most famous essay entitled, "The Paranoid Style in American Politics."
So it's either that or we see this the way the Warren Commission wanted us to see it, in which case we would have Lee Harvey Oswald as a lone gunman, which would then fit the assassination within the pre-existing celebrity myth of the death of the celebrity by a stalker.
Here we would have Lee Harvey Oswald as the lone gunman who inserts himself into history by assassinating the Sun King. Now, the Sun King is also known as the Oak King. He's the King Noon who battles with his lunar adversary, which in the ancient/medieval myth would've been the Holly King. So you have the Oak King vs. the Holly King, the summer solstice vs. the lunar winter solstice. And that puts Lee Harvey Oswald in the role of the lunar adversary, the Judas vs. Christ, Set vs. Osiris, the boar that kills Adonis. So he fits into that mode.
Although the one bit of cognitive dissonance within that paradigm of seeing him as a lone stalker who decides to insert himself into history by killing a great Sun King is the fact that this scenario with Jack Ruby, who comes in and shoots him live on television. That's another televisual first, by the way, the first live murder caught on television. As far as I know, and all the other stalkers that have killed celebrities, they never generate their own stalkers. This would be a case in which a stalker generates his own stalker, Jack Ruby, which is a little bit odd and doesn't quite fit the theory. And it's one of the main things that leads us to suspect that Oswald was embedded in a larger web, that sends ripples out beyond him and captures them in this mesh of complicated interrelationships.
But, in any event, so we have him assassinating the Oak King, he inserts himself into history, and this is all consistent with what the myth that Jean Baudrillard describes, that America as being based on an attempt to escape from history. The whole idea of America as a Utopian colony that escapes the historical cycles that have hitherto governed all the other civilizations in history, especially European civilizations. [These historical cycles] don't apply here. We don't assassinate our presidents here.
So the myth goes that tends to foster this lone gunman theory that America is based on an escape from history and that it has suspended the laws that normally govern historical processes. Coup d'états are normal all throughout history. They're a normal part of the way history has worked everywhere. But in America somehow it's an ideal new world that has suspended all those old laws. So I think there's a predisposition on the part of our American academic-literary establishment to just stick with the official case of the Warren Commission and just see this as an example of the celebrity myth of the stalker who makes himself famous by killing a famous person." - John David Ebert, "John F. Kennedy Assassination," December 13, 2011. [4:05 - 7:20].
"The story is fashioned this way because Adonis is the Sun and the boar is winter. Indeed, the boar killed Adonis because when winter comes, the sun runs out of heat and dies. Venus, the earth, weeps, because the earth produces nothing when winter obscures the sun." - Ronald E. Pepin, "The Vatican Mythographers." 2008. Fordham University Press: New York. Pg. 120
The timing was purely coincidental, of course. To suggest that the two events were connected in any way would affirm the essay's thesis, which has been dishonestly used as an intellectual cover by the Establishment media to pour cold water on JFK and 9/11 conspiracy theories.
Hofstadter's basic point was that the intellectual devolution of political discourse on both sides of the political paradigm has one source: the paranoid and conspiratorial mind. He wrote:
"American politics has often been an arena for angry minds. In recent years, we have seen angry minds at work, mainly among extreme right-wingers, who have now demonstrated, in the Goldwater movement, how much political leverage can be got out of the animosities and passions of a small minority. But, behind this, I believe, there is a style of mind that is far from new, and that is not necessarily right-wing. I call it the paranoid style, simply because no other word adequately evokes the sense of heated exaggeration, suspiciousness, and conspiratorial fantasy that I have in mind."The word "paranoia" is used by Hofstadter almost with a religious zeal, and the defenders of his essay to this day have spread his gospel with an equally fervent sense of historical mission.
To be clear, I admire Hofstadter and appreciate his scholarship. Also, I am not denying the existence of sub-cultures that have their own conspiratorial scriptures to which they pay allegiance even in the face of new revelations.
But the all-out dismissal of conspiracies of power by high-minded intellectuals despite the long historical record that proves that such things are commonplace in the evolution of societies and empires reeks of totalitarianism.
Whenever American intellectuals and journalists bring up 9/11 and JFK conspiracy theories they refer to Hofstadter's timeless essay. His catchphrase, the "paranoid style," has become their default intellectual position because they cannot come up with their own ideas to combat the proponents of alternative history.
The lives of controversial and buried truths, most famously the truth about the JFK assassination, have an energy of their own because they are based on documented facts. If they were based on pure paranoia and cosmic make-believe then they wouldn't persist this long.
Describing alternative historians and citizen researchers as "paranoid" is a lame attempt at suppressing the evidence that vindicates them and their factually based beliefs. It doesn't bother me that intellectual elites reject conspiracy theories because that is their job, but throwing mean-spirited insults at others for holding unorthodox views about modern history goes too far. It reflects a poor mind at work. Ridiculing and belittling the other side is one of the oldest rhetorical tricks to avoid a debate.
In a honest dictatorship there does not exist a need for the perpetual exercise of cunning rhetorical tricks to control the population because force is openly defended when it is used to silence critics and impose the will of the government masters. Honest dictatorships justify their iron grip over society to the people on the grounds of ideology, fighting a foreign enemy, and establishing common security. In dishonest dictatorships the ruling class is forced to be more constraint in its methods and strategies.
The American dictatorship is the furthest thing from honest. Instead of relying on force, it masterfully deploys humour as a political weapon against democratic critics. Humour is used with deadly effect by US leaders and the press to cast anti-regime opinions as kooky and nutty. Barack Obama has routinely poked fun at questions about him forging his birth certificate.
The best way to make people rethink their old assumptions about American society, U.S. leaders, and modern American history is with humour. Comedians understand the dismissive quality of humour when it is used deliberately as a social weapon, which is why many of them are more alert to the conspiracies in America compared to the rest of the population.
The late greats Lenny Bruce, Bill Hicks, and George Carlin, as well as living legends Dave Chappelle and Eddie Griffin, all talk about conspiracies in their stand-up material. Comedians have done more to educate society about these subjects than all the historians and writers put together.
One simple reason is their humanity cannot be denied due to the nature of their existence so when they raise uncomfortable truths on stage people listen to them, trust them, and respect them. Millions of people share an emotional connection with comedians because they spill their guts out on stage so the trust factor is big. When other individuals raise the same truths they are ridiculed as paranoid and insane conspiracy theorists because it is less easy to see any humanity in them and thus respect them.
Fantasy literature and films are the two other mediums that have woken the American people up. Last week, Alex Jones talked about the important contributions that Tony Gilroy's Bourne series have made to America's political understanding. They have expanded the boundaries of the lackluster political conversation by raising issues and themes in a thematic and accessible manner.
The Bourne films have, above all, lifted the lid on the reality that in the post-9/11 world the anti-American villains are more often than not internal. The deep state is where all the intense dramatic action is, and the complex network of characters who loyally serve this state are more intriguing from a filmmaker's perspective than a phantom Arab terrorist or a rogue Russian general.


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In June we are 3 Years Old!
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Police Log
The Police Log is a digest of reports filed by the Warwick Police
Two Warwick women were charged with shoplifting and warned not to come back to Macy's in the Warwick Mall on Feb. 8 after loss prevention personnel from Macy's told police they saw the two women concealing merchandise that they did not pay for as they were leaving the store. They told police the two women were led back into the store and two dresses and several pairs of earrings and other jewelry were recovered. Officer Christian Vargas said that $371 worth of merchandise from Macy's, Claire's, Old Navy and Charlotte Russe were found with the women. Christina E. Tavares, 21, and Crystal L. Tavares, 19, both of 451 Pequot Ave. were charged at headquarters and released with summonses for District Court.
An East Providence woman was arrested at the Sears store in the Rhode Island Mall on Feb. 7 after security at the store told police she and a male companion took a number of items to the fitting room where she concealed the goods and he apparently acted as a lookout. They told police they took one pair of jeans that they paid for before walking out without paying for the concealed goods. They told police they recovered $164.98 worth of merchandise from the pair. Gilberto Zuniga, 44, of 44 Virginia Ln. in Providence, and Neila Alvcares, 39, of 14 Eighth St. in East Providence were later released with summonses.
Diane Gaudreau, 69, of 122 Edaville Ct. was charged with stealing $388.54 worth of groceries from the Stop and Shop in Meadowbrook on Feb. 7. A manager told police they saw her load up the shopping cart with goods and then head out the door without paying for the goods. The manager told police she admitted to him that she intended to leave without paying for the groceries. Gaudreau was later released with a summons being warned to stay out of the Stop and Shop or get arrested for trespassing.
Jack Gregson, 61, of 171 Fairway Dr. in Coventry, was indicted for child molestation by a Kent County Grand Jury last Thursday. Gregson is charged with one count of first-degree sexual assault, three counts of second-degree sexual assault and two counts of indecent solicitation of a child.
It is alleged that, on various dates during the fall of 2011, Gregson sexually assaulted an individual in the first and second degree. It is further alleged that Gregson committed indecent solicitation upon a person under eighteen years of age.
The alleged events took place in Warwick and Warwick Police conducted the investigation. Gregson is scheduled to be arraigned in Kent County Superior Court on Feb. 24 and is currently being held without bail.
Officer Eric Lima reported he was on patrol around 9:10 p.m. on Feb. 5 when he saw a car stopped on Long Street with two fat tires on the passenger side and a driver asleep at the wheel with the engine running. He said he knocked on the window and woke the man who appeared to be disoriented and smelled of alcohol. He said the driver had difficulty performing a field sobriety test and could not stand on his own without support from Lima or leaning on the car. Jeffrey Robert Gaylord, 32, of 903 Providence Pl. in Providence was taken to headquarters where he refused a breath test. He was taken to Kent Hospital for detox after he could not find a sober adult to take him home.
Officer Nicholas DiNardo reported he was on patrol around 1:10 a.m. on Feb. 6 when he clocked a car doing 60 mph on Airport Road. He said he detected alcohol coming from the driver as he approached the car and said his voice was thick and slurred. He said Steven J. Brady, 24, of 80 Pheasant Dr. in Cranston was taken to headquarters where he refused to take a breath test. He was charged with DUI, refusal and speeding and later released to a sober adult.
Officer Jedidiah Pineau reported he was on patrol when he clocked a car doing 55 mph on Airport Road around 12:12 a.m. on Feb. 6. He said the car was weaving from lane to lane as followed it. He said he told the driver that he clocked her at 55 mph and she told him she did not believe it, that she always watched her speed and should not get a ticket. He said he administered a field sobriety test to the driver and she failed it and she blew a .185 blood alcohol content on the portable breath tester. Robin E. Martin, 51, of 111 Pettigrew Dr. in Warwick was taken to headquarters where she refused to take another breath test. She was charged with DUI, refusal and speeding.
Officer Stephen Major reported he was on patrol around 12:15 a.m. on Feb. 3 when he saw a car pull out of the parking lot at Fat Belly's on Lambert Lind Highway. He said its rear tire clipped the curb and straddled the lane markers as it proceeded down the street onto Main Avenue and then a side street with an overly wide turn. He said he pulled the car over and explained why he stopped the car. He said the woman driving said, "Don't do this to me," and sounded like she was under the influence of alcohol. He said she told him she was almost home and said she lived on Dodge Street when her license said she lived on Chatworth. He said he asked her which one she lived on and she said, "both." He said he gave the driver a field sobriety test that she failed and he took her to headquarters where she refused a breath test. Patricia A. Myers, 37, of 108 Chatsworth Ave. was charged with DUI, refusal and a laned roadway violation.
Officer Jacob Elderkin reported he was on patrol around 10:35 p.m. on Feb. 3when he spotted a car weaving from lane to lane on Warwick Avenue. He said he pulled the car over near Ticonderoga Drive and observed that the driver appeared to be under the influence of alcohol. He said he smelled strongly of alcohol and stumbled as he got out of the car. He said the man failed a filed sobriety test and he stopped the test because he kept falling over every time he lifted his foot. He said he arrested Arthur R. Mossman, 43, of 58 Nash St. on suspicion of DUI. He said he found four vicodin pills in the driver's pocket that Mossman claimed did not belong to him but did not offer whose pills they were. Mossman refused a bresath test at headquarters and was charged with DUI, refusal, possession of a controlled substance, operating on a suspended license and a laned roadway violations. Mossman was held overnight as a bail violator.
Officer Nicholas DiNardo reported he was stopped in the parking lot of Sauk's hardware around 5 p.m. on Feb. 5 when a motorist pulled up to him and said he had been following and taking video of a suspected drunk driver on West Shore Road and that he just pulled into the hardware store because the car was just a short way up the street. DiNardo said he found the woman outside her car in the Rite Aid parking lot stumbling around her car complaining that her car had two flat tires. He said he attempted to keep her from falling as she tripped on her own feet and fell face first onto the pavement. He said she could not complete a field sobriety test and was taken to headquarters where she refused a breath test. DiNardo said he found a pill bottle in the woman's purse that was empty, in spite of the fact that it was marked for 60 tablets, two daily and was filled on Jan. 30. DiNardo said he asked her if she took all of the alprazolam tablets at once and she said she did not and further stated she kept the other 50 pills in a safe in her house. DiNardo said they decided to have the driver taken to Kent Hospital for a blood test instead of a breath test at headquarters because Kathleen F. Margerison, 42, of 699 Church Ave. in Warwick, was lethargic and falling asleep but she refused a blood test at the hospital and was charged with DUI, refusal and then left in the care of the staff.


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Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2007-10-15 20:00 UTC Quick list of scheduled contacts and events: Malaysian Group of Schools #1, National Planetarium, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, direct via 9M2RPN Successful Sun 2007-10-14 17:17 UTC 85 deg (***) Malaysian Group of Schools #2, National Planetarium, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, direct via 9M2RPN Successful Mon 2007-10-15 16:06 UTC 13 deg (***) Malaysian Group of Schools #3 National Planetarium, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, direct via 9M2RPN Tue 2007-10-16 16:28 UTC 88 deg Malaysian Group of Schools #4 National Planetarium, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, direct via 9M2RPN Thu 2007-10-18 15:39 UTC 88 deg Malaysian Group of Schools #5 National Planetarium, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, direct via 9M2RPN Sat 2007-10-20 14:50 UTC 84 deg Giosuè Carducci, Santa Marinella, I- 00058, Italy, direct via IZØLRI Tue 2007-10-23 10:51 UTC 89 deg JOTA 2007 operation by the crew is going to be circumspect. The crew is really busy during the shuttle docked time and so free time will be limited. So monitor the 145.80 MHz downlink. You just never know! Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 326. (***) Total number of ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 1. QSL information may be found at: http://www.arrl.org/ARISS/arissfaq.html http://www.rac.ca/ariss/oindex.htm#QSL's ISS callsigns: DP0ISS, NA1SS, RS0ISS ***************************************************************************** The complete schedule page has been updated as of 2007-10-15 20:00 UTC. Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and instructions for any contact that may be streamed live. http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.txt The successful school list has been updated as of 2007-10-15 20:00 UTC http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf Frequency chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing Doppler correction as of 2005-07-29 04:00 UTC http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction.r tf Listing of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30 UTC: http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf ***************************************************************************** There have been rumors in the past indicating that the ISS was having direct contacts on the 40 meter band. There is no HF radio equipment on board and available yet. The HF antenna is mounted. Sometimes WA3NAN will retransmit shuttle audio. ***************************************************************************** Expedition 15 on orbit: Fyodor Yurchikhin RN3FI Dr. Oleg Kotov Clayton Anderson KD5PLA Expedition 16 on orbit: Peggy Whitson KC5ZTD Yuri Malenchenko RK3DUP Space Flight Participant on orbit: Dr. Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor 9W2MUS Expedition 16 future: Daniel Tani KD5DXE ***************************************************************************** 73, Charlie Sufana AJ9N One of the ARISS operation team mentors ************************************** See what's new at http://www.aol.com ---- Sent via email@example.com. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Not an AMSAT member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! Subscription settings: http://amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/sarex
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Essays sneak up on us. They are — or often feel — accidental: the record of a writer wrestling with an idea, an observation, a slice of experience, of a writer figuring it out. They have a conditional quality, as if they could go in any direction, offering impressions more than conclusive points of view. As Tom Bissell notes at the beginning of "Magic Hours: Essays on Creators and Creation": "When I am asked ... for advice on how to get started as a nonfiction writer, I tell them to start small and look around."
There it is, the idea exactly: Keep your eyes open and follow where the language leads. In "Magic Hours" (Believer Books: 304 pp., $14), Bissell introduces a video game actress and a collective of disgruntled writers called the Underground Literary Alliance. He considers the career of Werner Herzog and a Hollywood cult filmmaker named Tommy Wiseau. On some level, of course, he is always writing about himself. "The overwhelming majority of a writer's time," he points out, "is spent wondering why this world is not as vivid as he or she once — agonizingly, deludedly — believed. To write is to fail, more or less, constantly."
Yes, yes, I want to say, and what you're reading is a case in point because I have failed already at what I meant to do. My intention, when I began thinking about Bissell, was to frame his book, along with Mark Dery's "I Must Not Think Bad Thoughts: Drive-By Essays on American Dread, American Dreams" (University of Minnesota Press: 336 pp., $24.95), as representative of the contemporary essay, which I believe is in a renaissance.
And yet, that this hasn't quite worked out is probably as it should be, for the essay is so diverse it can't be encapsulated; it's far too idiosyncratic a form. Jonathan Lethem's "The Ecstasy of Influence," Geoff Dyer's "Otherwise Known as the Human Condition," John Jeremiah Sullivan's "Pulphead," Dubravka Ugresic's "Karaoke Culture," Jonathan Franzen's "Farther Away": These are just a few recent books that walk an exhilarating tightrope between the personal and the critical, their most fundamental inquiries those the authors make about themselves.
We see something similar in both "Magic Hours" and "I Must Not Think Bad Thoughts," which resemble and don't resemble each other in compelling ways. Each is personal, if not overtly autobiographical, and each frames point of view through the lens of culture, asking questions about a variety of subjects, then using the answers as jumping-off points. Each gathers magazine and newspaper pieces: Bissell's from Harper's, the New Yorker and the Believer and Dery's from the Los Angeles Times, Bookforum and the Village Voice.
In Bissell's case, this often emerges from reporting. In "Escanaba's Magic Hour," he uses a movie shoot in his Michigan hometown to reflect on identity and the peculiar isolation of rural life. "As teenagers," he remembers, "Mike and I used to drive two hours to the nearest big city — this was Green Bay, Wis. — hungry for escape. Only there could we see 'Reservoir Dogs' or 'Malcolm X.'"
For him, this is something of a mixed blessing: His small town didn't offer much, but at least its isolation gave it a personality of its own. Bissell embraces that, noting that, in our age of Amazon.com and Twitter, such an experience is not available anymore. These days, he suggests, we've come to occupy a vast virtual suburbia, in which our shared obsessions (pop cultural or otherwise) are nothing if not mass-produced. "The Movie People," Bissell writes, "have come to capture Escanaba's isolation … but it is an isolation that is, increasingly, identical to that of a thousand towns just like it."
This idea, that we have lost our roots, infuses much of Bissell's writing — and (not coincidentally) Dery's too. It is the driving theme of both books: How do we make sense of the world as mash-up in which, Dery argues, everything, including pop, high culture, conspiracy theory, sexual politics, faith and advertising, has come to seem roughly equivalent in the floating cultural stew?
For the essayist, Dery argues, the solution is to function as a provocateur, although an irony of his collection is that for all its contemporaneity (essays on Lady Gaga and Jared Lee Loughner, spam and extreme Internet porn), it operates out of a late 20th century amber in which the touchstones are William Burroughs and David Bowie, Don DeLillo andJ.G. Ballard. Still, if this gives "I Must Not Think Bad Thoughts" a slightly recycled air, it works, more often than not, because recycling is part of what the book is about.
"It's a postmodern truism," Dery writes in a piece called "Shoah Business," about the commercialism of the Holocaust, "that representations — photos, moving images, digital renderings, theme-park simulations — are displacing experience and historical memory." So what do we do about it? One answer comes at the end of the essay, when Dery describes a video installation of people eating in the cafeteria at Auschwitz, a building where inmates were once "registered, robbed, tattooed, shaved, disinfected, and dressed in the familiar striped pajamas … a 'humiliating baptism into the kingdom of death.'"
This juxtaposition of gluttony and mass genocide is striking, but Dery pushes even further, subverting our judgments, and his own. "Watching their videos," he writes, "we wonder what sort of human can eat lunch in a death camp? … In a creepy, deeply disorienting turnaround, we suddenly find ourselves face-to-face with our inner Nazis, the side of us that reassures us that the difference between us and the unfeeling creatures chowing down in a death-camp cafeteria is that they are somehow less than human."
What Dery is saying is that in a culture of image, of simulation, we need to look beyond the obvious, even (or especially) if it discomforts us. A similar idea also infuses Bissell's writing, which uses reportage and commentary to raise all sorts of questions — not least about our sense of truth itself. This emerges most directly in his profile of Herzog, in which Bissell defends the director's tendency to stage scenes in his documentaries, arguing that, in the right hands, facts are less important than point of view.
"Herzog," he points out, "is an artist, not a journalist. An artist can respect the backfield of fact before which every human being stands and choose not to address those facts." It's a provocative point, and by addressing it directly, Bissell challenges our preconceptions, which is exactly what an essayist ought to do.


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What is it that happens to people, apparently nice people, very similar to your neighbors who live down the street?
What is it that happens to people, apparently nice people, very similar to your neighbors who live down the street?
Maybe some of these people were your neighbors before they became professional politicians and moved to more exclusive neighborhoods. How is it they become so out of touch after spending a short time in Albany or Washington, D.C.?
Where did they get their education on knowing what's best for us? Is there a university that delivers a master's degree or even a doctorate on the subject of "knowing what's best for others"? In the case of the current gun debate, these geniuses generally knew nothing about guns. They subject police officers to the same clip capacity as the bad guys. Except we all know the bad guys are not going to play by the newly written rules.
There are reports that some who voted on the new gun law were given less than 20 minutes to decide how to vote without ever having an understanding of what they were actually voting on or how to implement it. The term "assault weapon" is very scary to many, but based upon the new definitions, it may be the gun passed down to you from your father or grandfather that has been used for hunting deer for the past 40 or 50 years. This adds insult to assault.
Much of the discussion surrounding certain gun ownership dwells around the question "Why does someone need that type of gun?" Some say that they exceed what our Founders had intended when adopting the Second Amendment. We should be careful when asking why someone needs something — that is a slippery slope.
The legal speed limit in New York is 55 miles per hour. A few interstate highways are posted at 65 mph, but generally 55 is as good as it gets. Why, then, does the typical car on the road today have a speedometer that reads well over 100 mph, with an engine capable of propelling that 3,000-pound projectile down the roadway at warp speed with a very good chance of hurting someone?
Why should someone be able to own a Corvette with a 500-horsepower engine when it is legal to travel only 55 mph on most highways? Should there be legislation passed that requires all fast cars (maybe all cars) be equipped with a "clip" to ensure it does not exceed what our expectations of what is safe?
It is a well-known fact that cars kill or seriously injure thousands of people each year. Yet our state and federal representatives continue to allow these assault vehicles to go on killing with little restriction, and they don't even have Second Amendment protection. So then why is it that the capacity of a typical automobile can achieve twice the legal speed limit?
To put a reduction "clip" on an automobile would likely do little to save lives, but it would give the politicians cover to say they did something during a time when the nation mourns the senseless loss of life and looks for answers.
It's unfortunate that the New York state legislative process could move so fast with so little information. I suppose that's the cost of being first.
Curt Schoeberl is president of the Walker Valley Sportsman's Association.


text:
U.S. Indian Census
Census of the Sac and Fox Tribes
by Barb Ziegenmeyer
Parent or spouse names
Relation to Head
Birth Date
Source Information: (National Archives Microfilm Publication
M595); Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs,
Record Group 75; National Archives,
Washington, D.C.) The Indian Census schedules are census rolls
usually submitted
each year by agents or
superintendents in charge of Indian reservations, as required by an
act of 4 July 1884 (23
Stat. 98). The data on
the rolls varies. For certain years including 1935, 1936, 1938, and
1939 only supplemental
rolls of additions and
deletions were compiled.
There is not a
census for every reservation or group of Indians for every year.
Only persons who maintained a formal
affiliation with a tribe under federal
supervision are listed on these census rolls.
©2009 Genealogy Trails


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While online today i found some tools that you all may like.
^this tool allows you to track e-mail sent to you. The site lets you download an eval version and also there is a tutorial on how to use it on the site.
^this link takes you to now only a place to download the first tool, but a place to download a couple more. there are how Tos for each one so enjoy.


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Hot chocolate
A cup of hot chocolate with whipped cream and cocoa powder
|Hot Cocoa
|Country of origin
|Central America
|Brown or chestnut
|Chocolate or cocoa powder, milk or water, sugar
Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and often sugar. Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.[1]
The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Aztecs around 2,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD.[2] The beverage became popular in Europe after being introduced from Mexico in the New World and has undergone multiple changes since then. Until the 19th century, hot chocolate was even used medicinally to treat ailments such as liver and stomach diseases. Today, hot chocolate is consumed throughout the world and comes in multiple variations including the very thick cioccolata densa served in Italy and chocolate a la taza served in Spain, and the thinner hot cocoa consumed in the United States.
An early Classic period (460-480 AD) Mayan tomb from the site of Rio Azul, Guatemala, had vessels with the Maya glyph for cacao on them with residue of a chocolate drink.[4][5]
To make the chocolate drink, which was served cold, the Maya ground cocoa seeds into a paste and mixed it with water, cornmeal, chili peppers, and other ingredients.[4] They then poured the drink back and forth from a cup to a pot until a thick foam developed. Chocolate was available to Maya of all social classes, although the wealthy drank chocolate from elaborately decorated vessels.[citation needed]
What the Spaniards then called "chocolatl" was said to be a beverage consisting of a chocolate base flavored with vanilla and other spices that was served cold.[6][7]
Because sugar was yet to come to the Americas,[4] xocolatl was said to be an acquired taste. The drink tasted spicy and bitter as opposed to sweetened modern hot chocolate.[4] As to when xocolatl was first served hot, sources conflict on when and by whom.[4][7] However, Jose de Acosta, a Spanish Jesuit missionary who lived in Peru and then Mexico in the later 16th century, described xocolatl as:
Loathsome to such as are not acquainted with it, having a scum or froth that is very unpleasant taste. Yet it is a drink very much esteemed among the Indians, where with they feast noble men who pass through their country. The Spaniards, both men and women, that are accustomed to the country, are very greedy of this Chocolate. They say they make diverse sorts of it, some hot, some cold, and some temperate, and put therein much of that "chili"; yea, they make paste thereof, the which they say is good for the stomach and against the catarrh.[8]
European adaptation
After defeating Montezuma's warriors and demanding that the Aztec nobles hand over their valuables, Cortés returned to Spain in 1528, bringing cocoa beans and chocolate drink making equipment with them.[9] At this time, chocolate still only existed in the bitter drink invented by the Mayas.[4] Sweet hot chocolate and bar chocolate were yet to be invented.
After its introduction to Europe, the drink slowly gained popularity. The court of King Charles V soon adopted the drink, and what was then only known as "chocolate" became a fashionable drink popular with the Spanish upper class. Additionally, cocoa was given as a dowry when members of the Spanish Royal Family married other European aristocrats.[10] At the time, chocolate was very expensive in Europe because the cocoa beans only grew in South America.[11]
Sweet-tasting hot chocolate was then invented, leading hot chocolate to become a luxury item among the European nobility by the 17th century.[citation needed] Even when the first Chocolate House (an establishment similar to a modern coffee shop)[4] opened in 1657, chocolate was still very expensive, costing 50 to 75 pence (approximately 10-15 shillings) a pound.[12]
In the late 17th century, Hans Sloane, president of the Royal College of Physicians, visited Jamaica. There, he tried chocolate and considered it "nauseous", but found it became more palatable when mixed with milk. When he returned to England, he brought the recipe with him, introducing milk chocolate to England.[13]
In 1828, Coenraad Johannes van Houten developed the first cocoa powder producing machine in the Netherlands.[4][14] The press separated the greasy cocoa butter from cacao seeds, leaving a purer chocolate powder behind.[4] This powder, much like instant cocoa powder used today, was easier to stir into milk and water. As a result, another very important discovery was made: solid chocolate. By using cocoa powder and low amounts of cocoa butter, it was then possible to manufacture bar chocolate. The term "chocolate" then came to mean solid chocolate, rather than hot chocolate.
A distinction is sometimes made between "hot cocoa", made from powder made by removing most of the rich cocoa butter from the ground cacao beans,[15] and "hot chocolate", made directly from bar chocolate, which already contains cocoa, sugar, and cocoa butter.[15] Thus, the major difference between the two is the cocoa butter, the absence of which makes hot cocoa significantly lower in fat than hot chocolate while still preserving all the antioxidants found in chocolate.[16]
Hot chocolate can be made with dark, semisweet, or bittersweet chocolate chopped into small pieces and stirred into milk with the addition of sugar. American instant hot cocoa powder often includes powdered milk or other dairy ingredients so it can be made without using milk.[17] In the United Kingdom, "hot chocolate" is a sweet chocolate drink made with hot milk or water, and powder containing chocolate, sugar, and powdered milk. "Cocoa" usually refers to a similar drink made with just hot milk and cocoa powder, then sweetened to taste with sugar (or not sweetened at all).[17]
Today, hot chocolate in the form of drinking chocolate or cocoa is considered a comfort food and is widely consumed in many parts of the world.
In mainland Europe (particularly Spain and Italy), hot chocolate is sometimes served very thick due to the use of a thickening agent such as cornstarch. Among the multiple thick forms of hot chocolate served in Europe is the Italian cioccolata densa. German variations are also known for being very thick and heavy.[citation needed]
Hot chocolate with churros is the traditional working-man's breakfast in Spain. This style of hot chocolate can be extremely thick, often having the consistency of warm chocolate pudding.[citation needed] In the Netherlands, hot chocolate is a very popular drink, known as chocolademelk, it is often served at home or in cafes. In France, hot chocolate is often served at breakfast time; sometimes sliced bread spread with butter, jam, honey, or Nutella is dunked into the hot chocolate. There are also brands of hot chocolate specially formulated for breakfast time, notably Banania.[citation needed]
Even further variations of hot chocolate exist. In some cafes in Belgium and other areas in Europe, one who orders a "warme chocolade" or "chocolat chaud" receives a cup of steaming white milk and a small bowl of bittersweet chocolate chips to dissolve in the milk.[17] Particularly rich hot chocolate is often served in demitasse cups.[citation needed]
North America
In the United States, the drink is popular in instant form, made with hot water or milk from a packet containing mostly cocoa powder, sugar, and dry milk.[18] This is the thinner of the two main variations.[19] It is very sweet and may be topped with marshmallows, whipped cream, or a piece of solid chocolate.[citation needed] Hot chocolate was first brought to North America as early as the 17th century by the Dutch, but the first time colonists began selling hot chocolate was around 1755.[20] Traditionally, hot chocolate has been associated with cold weather, winter, and dessert in the United States.[21]
In Mexico, hot chocolate remains a popular national drink. Besides the instant powder form, traditional Mexican hot chocolate includes semi-sweet chocolate, cinnamon, sugar, and vanilla. Hot chocolate of this type is commonly sold in circular or hexagonal tablets which can be dissolved into hot milk, water, or cream, and then blended until the mixture develops a creamy froth. Mexican cinnamon hot chocolate is traditionally served alongside a variety of Mexican pastries known as pan dulce or with churros.[citation needed]
South America
In Colombia, a hot chocolate beverage made with milk and water using a chocolatera and molinillo is enjoyed as part of breakfast with bread and soft, fresh farmers cheese. The chocolate bars used in the preparation come with granulated sugar mixed in, and sometimes have flavors such as cinnamon, cloves and vanilla added to the chocolate.[citation needed]
In Peru, hot chocolate is part of an ancient tradition. It is served with panettone at breakfast on Christmas Day, even though summer has already started in the southern hemisphere. This tradition began in Cuzco; for this reason typical brands of chocolate bars are from this cocoa-producing region. Another region which produces best-quality cacao is the San Martin Region in the north Peruvian rainforest.[citation needed]
Although hot chocolate is generally consumed for pleasure, the beverage confers several potential health benefits. A 2003 study from Cornell University found that cocoa contains large amounts of antioxidants that may help prevent cancer.[22] Also, it has been demonstrated that the cocoa bean helps with digestion.[23] From the 16th to 19th centuries, hot chocolate was valued as a medicine as well as a drink.[7]
The explorer Francisco Hernández wrote that chocolate beverages helped treat fever and liver disease.[7] Another explorer, Santiago de Valverde Turices, believed that large amounts of hot chocolate were helpful in treating chest ailments and that smaller amounts could help stomach disorders.[7] When chocolate was introduced to the French in the 17th century, it was reportedly used "to fight against fits of anger and bad moods", which may be attributed to chocolate's phenylethylamine content.[20] Today, hot chocolate is consumed for pleasure rather than medicinally, but new research suggests that there may be other health benefits attributed to the drink.
On the other hand, several negative effects can be attributed to drinking hot chocolate, as some hot chocolate recipes contain high amounts of sugar,[24] hydrogenated oils, or fats.[25]
Research has shown that the consumption of hot chocolate can be positive to one's health. A study conducted by Cornell University has shown that hot chocolate contains more antioxidants than wine and tea, therefore reducing the risk of heart disease.[16] In a single serving of cocoa, the researchers found 611 milligrams of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and 564 milligrams of epicatechin equivalents (ECE), compared with 340 milligrams of GAE and 163 milligrams of ECE in red wine, and 165 milligrams of GAE and 47 milligrams of ECE in green tea.[23] Chang Yong Lee, the professor and researcher at Cornell who conducted the study, revealed that larger amounts of antioxidants are released when the beverage is heated.[16]
The flavonoids found in the cocoa that makes up hot chocolate also have a positive effect on arterial health. A particular study performed by the National Institutes of Health partially supported by Mars Chocolate company showed high amounts of improvement in blood flow after drinking a flavanol-rich cocoa beverage.[26] In the study, the subjects (27 people ages 18 to 72) drank a cocoa drink containing 900 milligrams of flavonols every day, which resulted in an improvement in blood flow and the function of endothelial cells that line blood vessels.[26]
In further studies conducted by Dr. Norman K. Hollenberg, professor of medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School found that flavonols may also help vessels dilate and help keep platelets from clustering on the blood vessel walls.[26] Flavonoids found in hot chocolate are beneficial to health mainly because they shield the walls of blood vessels from free radical damage.[27] Flavanols are also thought to help reduce blood platelet buildup and can balance levels of compounds called eicosanoids, which may be beneficial to cardiovascular health.[27]
Several negative effects may be attributed to the drinking of hot chocolate. The types and severity of health risks vary between different styles of hot chocolate.[28] Hot chocolate made from milk also contains the sugars naturally found in milk. Processed cocoa powder usually contains additional sugars.[4] Some brands also contain hydrogenated oils and fats, the most common of which are coconut derivatives.[25]
See also
- Champurrado, hot chocolate's Mexican counterpart
- Chocolate milk
- Hot chocolate effect
- List of chocolate beverages
- List of hot beverages
- ↑ Grivetti, Louis E.; Shapiro, Howard-Yana (2009). Chocolate: history, culture, and heritage. John Wiley and Sons. p. 345. ISBN 978-0-470-12165-8.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Chocolate invented 3,100 years ago by the Aztecs - but they were trying to make beer". Daily Mail. London. November 13, 2007.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Silver Chocolate Pot". Metalwork. Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved August 18, 2007.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Burleigh, Robert (2002). Chocolate: Riches from the Rainforest. Harry N. Abrams, Ins., Publishers. ISBN 0-8109-5734-5.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Earley, Diane (2001). The Official M&M's History of Chocolate. Charlesbridge Publishing. ISBN 1-57091-448-6.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Hickling, William (1838). History of the Conquest of Mexico. ISBN 0-375-75803-8.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Stradley, Linda (2004). "Rediscover True Hot Chocolate - History of Hot Chocolate". What's Cooking America. Retrieved June 27, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Spadaccini, Jim (2008). "The Sweet Lure of Chocolate". Exploratorium. Retrieved July 18, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Don Cortes". Cadbury Trebor Bassett. 2008. Archived from the original on October 21, 2007. Retrieved June 27, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "History of Hot Chocolate". Pelangie Studio Design. 2008. Retrieved June 26, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Pearce, David (2008). "Cacao and Chocolate Timeline". David Pearce. Retrieved June 27, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Chocolate Houses". Cadbury Trebor Bassett. 2008. Archived from the original on October 28, 2007. Retrieved June 27, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "About Sir Hans Sloane". The Natural History Museum. Retrieved October 3, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Chocolate History". Middleborough Public Schools. 2008. Retrieved June 26, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Craddock, Darren. "Why Hot Cocoa Is Healthier Than Hot Chocolate". Retrieved June 26, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 "Hot Cocoa Tops Red Wine And Tea In Antioxidants; May Be Healthier Choice". Science Daily. November 6, 2003. Retrieved June 26, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 The Nibble (2005–2008). "Some Like It Hot: Hot Chocolate & Hot Cocoa Mixes: An Overview". Lifestyle Direct, Inc. Retrieved July 15, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Rosengarten, David (January 6, 2004). "Hot chocolate like you've never tasted before". TODAY. Retrieved December 20, 2009.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Billet, Felisa (October 23, 2009). "Warming up to real hot chocolate". USA TODAY. Retrieved December 20, 2009.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 Morton, Marcia; Frederic Morton (1986). Chocolate, An Illustrated History. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Sciscenti, Mark J. (February 7, 2015). "Why We Drink Hot Chocolate in the Winter". The Guardian. Retrieved February 17, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Friedlander Jr., Blaine (November 20, 2003). "CU scientists tout the health punch of cocoa over red wine or green tea". Cornell Chronicle.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 Friedlander Jr., Blaine P. (December 3, 2003). "Ahhhh! Better than red wine or green tea, cocoa froths with cancer-preventing compounds, Cornell food scientists say". Cornell News. Retrieved July 5, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Bonneville, Marguerite. "Can Chocolate Benefit Your Health?". Open Kitchen. Retrieved June 27, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 White, Ellie (December 13, 2007). "Killer fats hidden in hot drinks". News Group Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved August 11, 2009.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Olson, Elizabeth (February 17, 2004). "Beyond Delicious, Chocolate May Help Pump Up Your Heart". New York Times. Retrieved July 5, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 "Your Heart and Vascular Health". The Cleveland Clinic. 1995–2008. Retrieved July 5, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Guttman, Linda; Uri Guttman (2008). "Hot Cocoa vs. Hot Chocolate". Best Friends Cocoa. Retrieved June 29, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Further reading
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hot chocolate.
- Turback, Michael (2005). Hot Chocolate, Ten Speed Press. ISBN 1-58008-708-6.
- Morton, Frderic and Marcia (1986). Chocolate, An Illustrated History, Crown Publishers, INC. ISBN 0-517-55765-7
- Use mdy dates from July 2014
- Pages using deprecated image syntax
- Articles with unsourced statements from February 2013
- Articles with unsourced statements from October 2014
- Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014
- Articles with unsourced statements from October 2011
- Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014
- Good articles
- Chocolate beverages
- Hot beverages
- Mexican beverages
- Non-alcoholic beverages
- Christmas food


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As the lead laboratory for DOE's Office of Fossil Energy, NETL relies on a strong onsite research program conducted by federal scientists and engineers working in partnership with academia, other research institutions, and the private sector. NETL's Research and Innovation Center (RIC) provides the science and engineering basis for next generation technologies that will minimize the environmental impact of fossil fuel use and optimize the use of our domestic energy resources and infrastructure.
RESEARCH PORTFOLIO: NETL's onsite research portfolio contributes to the U.S. DOE's goals for energy safety, affordability, and national energy security. In addition to the research performed on behalf of the Office of Fossil Energy, in-house researchers are leveraging core competencies to address other research issues of national importance.
RESEARCH CAPABILITIES: NETL combines state-of-the-art research facilities with extensive experience working with fossil resources, creating an award-winning combination. NETL's expert research staff collaborates with well-known research universities, other national laboratories, and industry stakeholders to address and solve barriers to commercialization of new technology for power systems, fuels, and environmental and waste management.
Competencies | Personnel | Facilities | Collaborations
RESEARCH INTERNSHIPS: NETL offers internships to members of the academic community from undergraduates through faculty. The goals are to inspire bright scientists and engineers to tackle challenges in energy research and to stimulate NETL's program with the new ideas, techniques, and approaches to problems that these highly motivated students and faculty bring to bear.
About This Site
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Strategic Tech Slideshow: Time to Outsource Infrastructure
By Dennis McCafferty | Posted 06-22-2010
A clear majority of IT and business-decision makers no longer understand why their organizations are running infrastructure operations in-house, according to a new report from Savvis Inc. So what's stopping them from getting out of this aspect of the IT business right now? In many cases, it's a "business as usual" mentality, Savvis reports.
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Brandon Davies' suspension from Brigham Young University's basketball team resulted in shock…and respectful awe. Davies, a sophomore, had been starting center for the BYU Cougars, who were in the midst of one of their best seasons in decades and hoping for a big finale come NCAA tournament time.
Davies' violation of the school's honor code not only cost him the rest of the season, it could cost the Cougars dearly in postseason play. That's why it was even more surprising that Davies reported himself -- for personally failing to uphold the standard that sex belongs in marriage.
"He told us he was sorry and that he let us down," teammate Jimmer Fredette said. "We just held our heads high and told him it was OK, that it is life and you make mistakes, and you just got to play through it."
Initial public response also was largely positive. Most commentators, from CBS Sports to Time magazine to comedian Jon Stewart, commended Davies and the school for standing by their beliefs.
"I can't relate to the Brigham Young University honor code. But I can respect it," Pat Forde wrote on ESPN.com.
One contrarian note was sounded by a sportswriter at the New York Daily News who accused the school's Honor Code Office of fabricating "scarlet letters" for what should be considered "standard operating procedure" for college students.
But that kind of "boys will be boys" logic has led to a sports scene too often characterized by boys behaving badly—with little rebuke. (The day after Davies' March 1 suspension, a CBS News/Sports Illustrated investigation revealed that more than 200 college football players on the magazine's 25 top-ranked teams had been arrested or cited by police.)
What's more, the tide may be turning for this particular "standard operating procedure" among young adults.
More young people report having remained sexually abstinent. We've heard about the rise in abstinence among teens for some years. Now that trend is growing up with a new cohort of 20-somethings.
Helping teens choose abstinence is an important goal, but it's only one milestone. College students and 20-somethings make choices about sexual behavior during their single years that can have significant impact on their lives and those of others.
Increased abstinence is welcome news for the health and welfare of young people—and of their future children. Most births outside marriage are to women in their 20s; by contrast, just one in five is to a teen.
Marriage matters for the future of children and their mothers—even when those moms reach adulthood. Children of unwed mothers are six times more likely to experience poverty than are children born to and raised by married parents, according to FamilyFacts.org, a new website offering data and analysis on family's role in strengthening social outcomes in America.
Children born to unwed mothers also are at greater risk of failing in school, falling into delinquency, abusing drugs and struggling to form healthy relationships. These are among the trends that led to growth in government programs to address social breakdown.
So what a pleasant surprise that the National Survey on Family Growth reported March 3 that 29.9 percent of females and 28.3 percent of males ages 15 to 24 said they remained abstinent. In 2002, it was 22.7 percent and 22.6 percent, respectively.
Trends like this can help break the cycle of relational heartache that touches so many Americans. They also help avert the negative effects that have created more dependence on government services when family isn't there to provide a safety net.
Given the hook-up culture of most college campuses today, it's quite a countercultural statement when BYU refuses to react casually to premarital sex. The data on abstinence show that a growing number of young people may be taking sex more seriously, too.
We ought to celebrate any indicator of increasing personal responsibility. After all, it's the hallmark of the American citizen's honor code that makes civil society and freedom possible.
Jennifer A. Marshall is director of the DeVos Center for Religion and Civil Society at The Heritage Foundation.
First moved on The McClatchy News Wire service


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The Orange Show in Houston
Houston is a city that often gets overlooked when it comes to art and design. Though it's the fourth largest in the U.S. and has one of the most diverse populations in the country, its quirky side is often passed over by tourists in favor of Austin, its smaller, more eccentric brother to the west. I was lucky enough to spend this past weekend of my travels in Houston under the care of a couple of native Houstonians who showed me the many ins-and-outs of their fair Bayou City. I quickly learned that there is much more than oil and spaceships in this bustling metropolis.
One of our first stops was to The Orange Show. Created by Houston postman Jeff McKissack, The Orange Show is a tribute to his favorite fruit and his conviction that a long, healthy life is the result of hard work and good nutrition. Though the space was clearly intended for a crowd, his work was solitary. McKissack labored alone from 1956 through 1979 when he opened The Orange Show to the public. He continued to work on the project until his death in 1980, turning this East End plot of land into a labyrinth of stairs, corridors, bleachers and rooftops.
After his death, the Houston art community quickly rallied to preserve this amazing structure of outsider art. A foundation was formed to save the space, and the original donors include a wide range of public figures, from renowned arts patrons Marilyn Oshman and Dominique de Menil to members of the heavily bearded rock band ZZ Top. Now The Orange Show is host to a wide variety of programming and events, making great use of the space that was so lovingly crafted.
(Images: Smith Schwartz)


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Knitcircus Podcast Live!
We've been bursting with excitement to share this: the first Knitcircus Podcast!
We're very lucky to have Amy Detjen–nationally-known knitting teacher, one of the coordinators of Meg Swansen's Knitting Camp, technical editor and designer–co-hosting the podcast. She knows way more about knitting than I do!
Big thanks Webmistress Cindy, for jumping all the techno-hoops to getting it on the air.
Listen on Libsyn
Itunes coming soon…
Podcast Links:
Knit One, Knit All: Elizabeth Zimmerman Garter Stitch Collection, Edited by Cully Swansen
Little Red in the City, by Ysolda Teague
Knit, Swirl, by Sandra McIverson
Cookie A, Cat Bordhi, Anne Kuo Lukito, Annie Modesitt, Shannon Okey, Anna Dalvi, Michelle Miller, JC Briar, Ysolda Teague, Barbara Walker, Miriam Felton, Susan B. Anderson; Clara Parkes, Amy Singer
Knitting ideas:
What constitutes a beginner? What skills are advanced?
Watch for more Knitcircus podcasts coming up; we're hoping to bring you one every couple of weeks.


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Every week I hear from you about shows I'm not talking enough about. So I'm going to try to rectify that by talking about three of your favorites (and, of course, three of my favorites as well).
"The Office": Good news for all you fans of Dunder-Mifflin. Our favorite co-workers will now be on the air through May (can I have a whoo and a hoo?). We're even getting a bonus episode. This show is having a positively phenomenal second season. The show's smartest move is to make Michael an idiot (my favorite moment last week was when he grabbed an authentic New York slice at Sbarro's) but not such an idiot that we can't understand why he hasn't been fired. The episode where he presented the new company president with a video (a Michael Scott Joint) but also had the real financial statements hit the exact right tone. He's goofy but on some level he must be doing a fairly decent job. And I really think the Jim and Pam (non)romance is the storyline to watch this season. Jim's attitude towards Pam on Valentine's Day? Brilliant. It's bringing the show to a whole new level.
"Veronica Mars": If there ever was a show hurt by constant interruptions, it's "Veronica Mars." I watch TV like it's my job (because you know it is) and I have trouble keeping all the storylines and characters straight. A new episode followed by three repeats is hard to take when there are bus crashes, rats, gang power struggles and missing babies to keep straight. I even forgot until further reflection that the teacher who stole the money was the one Veronica's mom had detention with when they were in high school. And I didn't think this was possible, but I'm beginning to love Logan even more. Logan and Sawyer on "Lost" should be in a showdown to decide who is the best bad, really bad, boy. Seriously -- flirting with the daughter of the man who turned you into the police (and flirting with her so charmingly) is positively and deliciously sinister.
"Scrubs": You know how the closer "Arrested Development" got to its inevitable end, the more outlandish it became -- like they were only doing the show for themselves and their most devoted fans. That same delightful magic is happening with "Scrubs." In its fifth season, the series is better than ever. Like "The Office," "Scrubs" has quite brilliantly cultivated some standout secondary characters -- like the Todd (let's give him a high five), panicky Doug, trepidatious Ted (and his barbershop quartet) and this year's newest crop of interns (one of whom we'll be seeing a lot more of). You can't help but be caught up in the show's tidal wave of good times.
How do you think these shows are doing? Talk about it on the TV Gal Message Board.
Season Finale of "Arrested Development"
I must confess that I almost didn't want to watch the final four episodes of "Arrested Development." Because I knew once I did, television's best comedy was over, done, and -- even in my world of denial -- probably not coming back. But then I thought, "Come on!" "Arrested Development's" swan song was so pitch perfect, so hilarious, so full of inside jokes, so true to itself that I actually may be okay if Showtime doesn't pick up the series. I've reached a certain amount of peace. There will be no wailing in the streets. Maybe moping in the streets (cue the "Charlie Brown" music), but no wailing.
Pilots for the 06/07 Season
Let's take a little looksie at some of the pilots currently being cast in Hollywood:
Not many pilots seem to have survived the UPN/WB merger. But Kevin Williamson's pilot about a family that moves to Palm Springs (starring Gail O'Grady), the "Girlfriends" spin-off and the "Smallville" spin-off "Aquaman" have lived to tell the tale.
If things go our way, we could be seeing some of our much-missed and favorite actors back on the small screen next fall. Anthony Stewart Head (Giles on "Buffy") is attached to the ABC comedy "Him & Us," Logan Marshall-Green (Ryan's brother on "The O.C.") is in the ABC drama "The Traveler," Josh Jackson (Pacey, sigh) is in a new CBS drama, Kyle Chandler (who just died on "Grey's Anatomy") is in the NBC drama "Friday Night Lights" with Connie Britton (the woman dead Jack shacked up with, but newly alive Jack doesn't love), Greg Grunberg (Weiss on "Alias") is in the NBC comedy "Heroes" and one of the shows I'm most looking forward to is the new Aaron Sorkin drama "Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip" with Matthew Perry, Evan Handler, Amanda Peet, Tim Busfield, D.L. Hughley and Steven Weber. (Remember how I loved "Desperate Housewives" before I even met it. It's kind of like that.)
What pilots have you heard about that you're excited about? Talk about it on the TV Gal Message Boards.
Quotes of the Week
"No I don't see it as a series. Maybe a movie?" Ron Howard to Maeby in the final line of the season finale of "Arrested Development."
"I love you. And I'm going to marry you. And at our wedding, we are going to have lobster." Luke to Lorelai on "Gilmore Girls."
"I'm just so appalling, aren't I?" Simon to Mandisa on "American Idol."
"Take good care of your looks, Danielle. You don't have any other weapons at your disposal." Bree on "Desperate Housewives." So many of you submitted this very popular quote. And I found it funny as well, but in a way it epitomizes all that is wrong with Wisteria Lane. Would Bree really be that cruel to her daughter?
"You know what they say, Lester. You never forget your first time." Alan Shore to the academy school lawyer who claimed he had never lost a lawsuit on "Boston Legal." Thanks to Douglas for the quote.
Where Have I Seen Them Before
Jacquie recognized Timothy Omundson, nice, sweet Sean on "Judging Amy" and Brom Garret on "Deadwood," is one of the terrorist on "24."
John recognized Michael Emerson, the oh-so-creepy William Hinks on "The Practice," was the man who captured Rousseau on "Lost." He also recognized Marc Casabani, as Tariq. We saw Casabani in season two of "24" as Omar.
Mike recognized Lisa Darr, the mother of the burn victim on "House," was Jane on "Popular." We've also seen her as the reporter Andrea Hall on "Nip/Tuck," the mom on "life as we know it," and the real estate agent Greg dated on "NYPD Blue."
Robin recognized Dan Butler, Bulldog on "Frasier," as Dr. House's med school nemesis Dr. Webber on "House."
Kathie recognized Mary McDonough, Erin Walton on "The Waltons," as the mother of the rape victim on "Boston Legal."
Highlights of the Week Ahead
All times listed are Eastern Time for Feb. 20 to 26
Raise your hand if you think Mike killed Walt Cummings on "24" (Monday, FOX, 9 p.m.).
The Olympics and the Grammys didn't stop "American Idol," and I don't even think the finals of the women's figure skating will. The first live results show will air Thursday at 8 p.m. on FOX. Pay close attention because soon we will be picking who we think will make it to the final four. Meanwhile over at NBC, Emily Hughes and Sasha Cohen will be going for the gold on NBC beginning at 8 p.m.
"American Idol" may not be afraid of the Olympics but CBS is. Right smack in the middle of February sweeps, it is putting repeats of their most popular shows. But this is one of my favorite episodes of "Without a Trace" (Thursday, CBS, 10 p.m.) this season. Alex Kingston guest stars as a wife whose husband goes missing in Mexico - but you know on this show, things are never what they seem.
James Denton returns to "Reba" this Friday at 9 p.m. on the WB. It's about time he got the heck off of Wisteria Lane.
Lucy Lawless makes her second appearance as D'Anna Biers on "Battlestar Galactica" (Friday, Sci Fi Channel, 10 p.m.). And good news for fans is that Lawless joins the series as a regular cast member for the third season.
It's the two-hour finale of "Dancing with the Stars" (Sunday, ABC, 8 p.m.). And of course I'm rooting for Drew Lachey. I've stopped short of sporting a "Team Drew" t-shirt so we should all be very relieved.
Well, this is the most email I've received about any topic since CBS cancelled "Joan of Arcadia." But, to use one of my favorite phrases, I wasn't picking up what "Grey's Anatomy" was putting down last week. Many of you felt that when Izzie and Christina cleaned Meredith after the bomb exploded that the episode came full circle, that it was poetic, poignant, beautiful, and profound. But, and I know this is the minority opinion, I simply wasn't buying it. It still seemed to me like a forced way to justify that ridiculous opening scene. But it is okay, we will have to agree to disagree on this topic. Alas, we cannot agree on everything but this is what makes TV so much fun. This week on "Grey's Anatomy" (Sunday, ABC, 10 p.m.) Dr. Bailey helps Addison with a medical problem.
To the TV Gal Reader Belongs the Spoils
You know the rules my friends. Don't read if you don't want to know.
The boys of "Prison Break" are very excited about a flashback episode that will show what our favorite prisoners were doing three years before the show started.
Aaron will become sick on "Lost." We'll also see the return of a very familiar character.
Denny will walk down the aisle on "Boston Legal." The only problem? Hours after the nuptials, he'll be caught with another woman.
Things are looking up for Lane and Zach on "Gilmore Girls."
Here's the best news of the week. C. Thomas Howell, my first ever celebrity crush (cut to the wall of my bedroom plastered with his pictures from "Tiger Beat"), will begin a recurring role on "24" on March 6. He'll play a friend of she-who-shall-not-be named. Stay gold, Ponyboy. Stay gold. March 6 will also see the return of Elisha Cuthbert and William Devane.
That's all for today. I'll be back next week with reviews of new shows including "Conviction" and "Free Ride." Have question, seen a familiar face, have an inside scoop or want to nominate a quote of the week? Write me at email@example.com.


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Wildfire threatens Idaho resort towns as 2,250 homes evacuated
A fast-moving central Idaho wildfire forced the evacuation of 2,250 homes near the tourist towns of Hailey and Ketchum as firefighters lost ground yesterday against the blaze that also threatens the Sun Valley ski resort.world Updated: Aug 18, 2013 21:16 IST
A fast-moving central Idaho wildfire forced the evacuation of 2,250 homes near the tourist towns of Hailey and Ketchum as firefighters lost ground on Saturday against the blaze that also threatens the Sun Valley ski resort.
Blaine County Sheriff Gene Ramsey called for occupants on the outskirts of both towns to leave without delay. He expanded evacuation zones to include residential developments north of Ketchum.
The fast-moving wildfire has burned more than 92,000 acres (37,230 hectares) of sagebrush flats, pine forests and granite canyons in the Sawtooth Range west of a highway that connects Hailey, a town of about 8,000 people, to Ketchum and Sun Valley to the north.
More than 1,000 people have fled upscale subdivisions on the southern outskirts of Ketchum, where some homes are worth tens of millions of dollars. The area features the vacation getaways of such celebrities as former California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and actor Tom Hanks.
The blaze has sent towering columns of smoke over the tourist towns nestled in a narrow mountain valley known for premier hiking, biking, fishing and skiing.
An animal shelter on the west side of Hailey, where flames enveloped a mountain ridge and raced toward a city park below, was safely emptied of dogs and cats, said Blaine County Deputy Sheriff Anita Selner.
Hundreds of firefighters were battling to keep flames from crossing to the east side of the highway that links the three towns and is the only developed road out of the valley.
The so-called Beaver Creek fire has claimed one primary residence, one bunkhouse and six other buildings since being sparked by lightning on Aug. 7, federal fire information officer Sandy Miller said.
Roughly 30 people stayed overnight at an American Red Cross shelter in Hailey, where onlookers gathered as air tankers equipped with fire retardant and helicopters with water buckets flew overhead.
"A lot of people are just watching the fire and our customers are talking about nothing else," said Alexis Sualez, barista at Zaney's River Street Coffee House in Hailey. "People are pretty worried."
The valley is crisscrossed by recreation trails and gated subdivisions of log mansions and luxury homes that border the Sawtooth National Forest.
It is one of several high-end enclaves in Western states that have been menaced in recent days by wildfires fueled by record heat, drought and fierce winds.
Crews grappling with the Beaver Creek fire were warned that conditions could rapidly deteriorate amid rising temperatures and gusting winds.
"There is definitely a sense of anxiety," said Blaine County spokeswoman Bronwyn Nickel as residents and vacationers fled the area.
First Published: Aug 18, 2013 20:08 IST


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Spanish lender Santander has sold a package of 300 million euros ($393 million) of troubled consumer loans to a U.S. hedge fund at a massive discount, the latest sign that Spain's banks are increasing efforts to clear their books.
Elliott Management, a fund that specializes in buying distressed assets, paid 12 million euros for the portfolio, for a 96 percent discount, a source with knowledge of the transaction said on Thursday.
Elliott and Santander declined to comment on the deal.
It was the latest in a string of heavily discounted disposals by Spanish banks, which are starting to shift problematic assets as they clean up their books after taking a big hit from writedowns on soured property deals last year.
In particular, portfolios of consumer credits gone bad have been among the easiest to sell, as the loans are unsecured and offer banks a lesser chance of recovering money or assets from struggling borrowers and the banks are willing to part with them for small amounts.
Troubled consumer credits, particularly those that have been in arrears for 12 months of more, are also often already provisioned for at 100 percent, easing the pain for the banks selling them.
"We're seeing more of these deals happening now, whether it's consumer loans, loans to small businesses or credit card portfolios. These are often completely provisioned for or already off banks' balance sheet," said a Madrid-based investment banker advising on such transactions.
'Real Specialists'
Mid-sized lender Liberbank in February sold 574 million euros worth of failed loans for 3.7 percent of face value to another U.S. fund, Cerberus.
International funds such as Lone Star and Fortress are also among those circling assets, including portfolios of mortgages, several bankers said.
Distressed debt funds can make money on the assets, in part because they buy them so cheaply. They can offer struggling borrowers deals, such as writing off the remainder of a loan in exchange for a small upfront repayment, when banks cannot, said another banker familiar with such deals.
"These funds are real specialists in handling these assets. They can also take their time about it, which helps them recover money over the long term," said the banker, who declined to be named because of the sensitivity of the transactions.
Elliott, which has some $20.7 billion euros in assets, is not known, at least publicly, to have completed many such purchases in Spain yet.
The fund is best known for its aggressive legal tactics against countries whose debt it has bought cheaply. In particular, it has waged a long-running battle against Argentina to get money back after buying debt the country defaulted on in 2002.


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Passport locations
Any citizen of the United States interested in travelling internationally should apply for and obtain a passport by visiting one of the United states passport locationswhere you can get one. Even though passports weren't required for travel to some countries a few years ago, even crossing the Canadian border now requires a validpassport on order to enter either the U.S. or Canada. If you've never had to get apassport before and feel a little intimidated by the idea, don't worry. Here's how to get a passport and some passport locations you can go to apply.
Do I Need a US Passport?
Knowing whether or not you need to apply for and obtain a U.S. passport before you travel is a good idea. Some people think that you need a passport if you are travelling to a U.S. territory such as Puerto Rico or Guam. This isn't actually true. You only need a passportif, while travelling to the U.S. territory or state, you actually have to stop and land in a foreign country. For example, if you are flying to Alaska and have a layover in Vancouver, Canada, you'll need to apply for and get a U.S. passport. This may seem like a hassle, but even countries like Mexico require that you have a passport to enter now.
Getting the Application
Go online to the State Department's website and download a copy of the passport application forms. If you can't download and print a passport application, you can always pick up a copy from your local passport office.
How Do I Find My Local Passport office?
Finding the nearest passport office locations near you is actually very simple. All you have to do is use a simple tool on the State Department's website. You can access the special search by visiting Passport Locations and then searching by yourstate or your city. You can choose to find the passport location nearest to your location, or you can have all of the passport locations within a certain radius listed.
There are basically two types of passport facilities. The first is a regional passportagency. Regional passport agencies serve major metropolitan areas and large population centers. They have these agency locations in New York, Los Angeles,Seattle, San Francisco, Honolulu, Houston, Chicago, Philadelphia, Miami, Washington D.C., Boston and New Orleans. These centers serve a very large region of the populace, but they are very busy. You'll need to schedule an appointment to visit these offices. If you are in a rush and need to get yourpassport as soon as possible or need to get a visa very quickly, you should go to regional passport agency.
The other type of passport facility is an acceptance facility. These are much more common across the United states. You probably have a few of these locations in your home town or city. Accepting facilities include post offices, public libraries,courthouses, and state, municipal and county government offices. If you have to apply for a passport in person due to any reason, you can do so at one of theselocations or offices. Use the State Department's passport location tool to find out which office is closest to you.
When in doubt, you can generally just visit your local post office or county clerk'soffice to inquire about how for a passport. The customer service there is usually very knowledgeable about the subject and will be able to walk you through the entire process step by step. You can also visit the State Department's website to learn more about passport applications, restrictions, what countries or places you need a passport to visit and more. It's a great resource to get you started and answer those tough questions. Just make sure to visit during passport processing hours which are sometimes different than normal business hours.
How to Apply for a Passport
The first step in applying for a passport is to know when to do it. It's important to begin the passport application process at least eight weeks before you travel abroad. Even though it usually doesn't take that long to get a passport, you usually need a passport number to obtain an international plane ticket. You also want to make sure you have enough time to fix any problems that may arise in the passport application process. It's always better to have too much time to get a passportbefore a trip than to have too little time.
There are also some other requirements to get a passport depending on your age. All adults and children, even including newborns and infants, must have their own individual passports when travelling abroad. Even though a passport is not required to travel directly to a state or U.S. territory, if you plan on travelling outside of the U.S. at any time, even for a layover, you'll need a passport.
While you can sometimes apply for a passport online or through the mail, you need to apply for a passport in person at a passport location if any of the following situations apply to you:
- You are applying for a U.S. passport for the first time
- You are under 16 years old
- Your previous U.S. passport was lost, stolen or damaged
- Your previous U.S. passport was more than 15 years old
- Your previous U.S. passport was issued to you before you were 16 years old
- You legally changed you name after your U.S. passport was issued and you don't have legal documentation for that name change
If you need to apply in person, it's not a big deal. You just have to visit one of your local passport acceptance locations during passport processing hours such as a U.S. Post Office or the county clerk's office.
You also need to obtain the following in order to apply for a U.S. passport:
- Two identical copies of your passport photo (easily obtained at photography shops and photo studios)
- Identification information which includes your certified birth certificate and your social security card. Check the passport application to see what exactly you need to provide.
Once you've got the passport application filled out, you'll need to bring it and all necessary identification and passport photos with you to one of the passport centers.
Getting a passport is a little bit of work, but it's not very hard. Anyone can do it if they follow the steps and take the time. Please check the State Department website today to find passport locations near you.
Passport Offices Outside of the United States
|American Samoa
Marshall Islands
|Puerto Rico
|Virgin Islands


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Tuesday, 11 January 2011
arsenic and zloty
The suffixed o-grade form *ǵhol-to- became Polish złoto "gold" (cognate with Russian золотой), and złoty "golden" (OED).
4 comments :
- Mattitiahu said...
Add to the Middle Iranian forms the attested substantives in Old Persian daraniya- 'gold', Avestan zaraniia- Pahl. zarēn, NPers. zärr < PIE *ǵʰl̥-enyo-
At least according to Kent's Grammar of Old Persian (1953)
In Avestan the morphologically simpler adjective zaire (voc.m.sg.) 'yellow, tawny' is also a regular epithet of haoma (Ved. soma)
- 11 January 2011 at 21:46
- Glen Gordon said...
'Gold' is one of those funny terms that gets passed around a lot.
If we accept Old Iranian *zama- 'golden' then is Greek ξανθός 'golden, yellow' connected somehow?
Also, if *zama- is really from Indo-European then is Egyptian ḏˁm 'light-coloured gold, electrum' (perhaps pronounced *ḏaˁma) another coincidence too?
- 11 January 2011 at 22:11
Regarding -n- suffix Old Iranian *zarna- "golden", we have cognates in Slavic as well, specifically Common Slavic *zelenъ "green". Shall we posit e-grade -n- suffix Indo-Iranian *dzhelenas "gold, green" as the ancestor of both words? How do we explain the loss of -e- in Old Iranian, or it's addition in Slavic?
Also, perhaps we might reconstruct an Indo-Aryan form *dzhelenyam for Old Persian daraniya-, Avestan zaranya-, Sanskrit híraṇya-. This *dzhelenyam would be a derivate using a word-formation suffix -yom from *dzhelenas "gold, green" and equal to Slavic *zelenъ.
The semantic spectrum from "gold" to "green" is interesting, as are the difficulties with the vowels.
Thanks for bringing this root up I am a fan of your blog.
- 14 January 2011 at 03:50
- goofy said...
You guys are awesome.
- 18 January 2011 at 16:54


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Top vodka brands today!
Vodka Brands Bleu Center Point, IA http://bleuvodka.com/
Vodka Brands Bleu tastes so Good its Dangerous!
There are currently two flavors on the market — "Bleu Original," a wild blueberry liquor and "Bleu PEL," a citrus liquor — but additional flavors are in the works.
In this video people comment that, "its so good, its dangerous"
With each one of the brands of vodka that you've to select from you might need to try them all to locate a favorite.
Vodka Brands