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(Note: This wasn't quite the talk I gave at the actual conference. The marvellous Peter Bane preceeded me and covered much of my material, so I ad libbed a little. But a good bit of it was derived from this paper, including my now sort-of-famous call for 100 million new farmers in the US. I'm presently at work on a book on this subject with co-author Aaron Newton.)
I admit, I hadn't paid much attention to the great Spinach Crisis of aught-six. My family grows enough greens that we rarely purchase them, and I can't recall the last time I bought something that came encased in a plastic bag. We were visiting a local farmer's market, and when a friend offered to take us out to eat, we went. And I ordered a spinach salad, only to be drawn up by the look of horror on my waitress's face. She informed me that no spinach could be had anywhere in the country, and that it was a big problem for them – all the entrees involving spinach, or pesto or other bagged greens were unavailable. I told her she must be mistaken – we'd just been next door at the farmer's market, and the Mennonite farmers one stall down had had at least fifty beautiful bunches of spinach. I asked her why the restaurant didn't just buy its spinach next door. And again, a look of horror crossed her face (I was starting to feel rather bad for mentioning it), and she said, "Oh no, we've never done that. We'd have to wash it, and how would we know it wasn't contaminated?"
If there's a better encapsulation of ignorance we face when addressing food issues, I don't know what it is. Or perhaps I do – a recent secretary of Agriculture was quoted as saying, "The central challenge of the new century may be the production and distribution of food." Now that's the sort of thing that government officials do say, and perhaps I ought not hold them too responsible for saying dumb things written by committees of junior staffers, but it is worth some attention because of the phenomenal combination of ignorance and hubris required to imply that there has ever been a single moment in human history when the production and distribution of food has not been the central challenge.
It is only because of cheap energy and our own willful ignorance that we can believe that there's a substitute for "making sure people are fed" as the most urgent and common project in human existence. So if we're just noticing right now, that growing food and distributing it fairly and safely is one of the big deals of the coming decades, we should be looking at ourselves and wondering how we got to a place where this is a surprise. How did we forget something so basic? How is it that a woman whose whole profession is feeding people has come to believe that "picked 10 days ago by an virtually enslaved migrant worker from a salinated, irrigated, eroding field fertilized with polymers in a place with no water of its own, gassed with nitrogen and packed in an oil wrapper" translates as "clean, fresh and wholesome?" The ecoli is essentially just a condiment on a package of vegetation that has passed off toxins and damage in a whole host of arenas before arriving at your door.
I'm 34, and I'm just vaguely old enough to remember when "encased in plastic" was not a recommendation for vegetables. When my grandmother was a child, no one would have expected to see spinach dishes on the menu in August and February as well as April and October. Only 50 years ago, ¼ of the American people farmed. 150 years ago, farmers dramatically outnumbered non-farmers. And in the years immediately before the industrial revolution, it took 6 farming households to support one single doctor, teacher, lawyer or artist and her household. Right now, farmers are less than 2% of the population in America – so is it any surprise that even in a small community, surrounded by farmland, the owner the restaurant knows so little about the world of food production that she isn't aware of the bounty right next to her. Nor should it be any surprise that the industrial agricultural system, held together by spit, baling wire and the last few bodies left on the land is falling apart.
We shouldn't simply be amused by this – we should be terrified. Because I can think of no more certain way to ensure we will go hungry than to be as ignorant as we are of the role of food and agriculture in our lives. If peak oil is our wake-up call, the thing that makes us shake in our boots and wake up at night with visions of our families dying of starvation, again, I'd say it is about time. Because this willful ignorance of ours has extended to ignorance of how our lives impact others. None of us can speak with any integrity of a "die-off" as though it is some hypothetical thing that might happen someday in the future. It is happening right now among the poor of the world, where 24,000 people a day are dying of hunger-related causes. Many of them are hungry because we in the first world extract 38 billion dollars of wealth per year from the most impoverished countries in the world to feed our appetites for food and energy, because we've replaced indigenous, traditional agricultures with industrial production and our own cheap grain, because we've pushed people off land and commodified their common resources. They die daily because of us and the way we eat and live. So if we're waking up now in the smallest possible way to the fact that food matters, that soil and water matter, and that the system we've created for feeding ourselves has to go NOW, we should be asking ourselves how it is that it took so long, and why we only changed things when it was our own necks on the line.
All which is just a way of saying that gardening and farming is not and should not be just a means of protecting our interests and ensuring a more comfortable peak downslope for ourselves and our loved ones, although, of course, it does that too. In fact, creating a new agricultural model and implementing it is both a moral imperative and an absolute necessity. A lot of those of us with lots of education and environmental consciousness have been kidding ourselves, believing that if we just buy the organic apples we're doing something to make the world a better place, believing that we can consume our way out of the problem by buying the right things. But we cannot buy our way out of peak oil – all of us need to take more responsibility than that. Through most of human history, a minimum of one fourth of the population has been farmers, and many more than that have been engaged in personal food production. The only way to ensure food security is to replace the disastrous industrial model with one in which many of us are farmers on one scale or another. Michael Pollan points out, that when we try to grow food organically or sustainably on an industrial scale, what we end up with is at best a very-marginally-less apocalyptic industrial agriculture, with equal or expanded problems caused by maltreatment of both workers and animals, insecurity in the food supply and total dependency on huge quantities of oil. The only possible humane, just way of eating requires many, perhaps even most of us, to take a significant hand in food production. And to do so, we will need 100 million new farmers in the US, and at least a billion worldwide.
Small scale agriculture is, in fact, at least a partial solution to many of our most intractable problems. For example, David Holmgren points out that a realistically achievable rise in humus in soils around the world would sequester an enormous quantity of carbon, reducing total carbon build-up in ways that could potentially be comparable to getting rid of a large portion of the world's auto fleet. For most Americans, the single act that would reduce their fossil fuel consumption, carbon output and ecological footprint the most is not to buy a more efficient car, but to cease buying supermarket food. And small scale, sustainable agriculture can produce outputs of dramatically more food and fuel than industrial agriculture can. If we move away from the large farm model, we may be able to feed the world, despite declining fertility and rising costs for fossil fuel inputs.
Now I know this talk is supposed to be about "large scale gardening" but I keep speaking of farming. That's because there's an untenanted space between the word "gardener" and the word "farmer" that needs to be addressed. A gardener is usually someone who grows things for their pleasure, from the sheer joy of it. When we talk about farmers, we usually mean someone with a profession is growing food on a large scale. But somewhere in between them is the idea we need to grasp with language – that there could be someone who grows a lot of food to eat, but still takes pleasure in the act, who may sell food, but whose work cannot be traded on the commodities market.
Or perhaps we don't need a new word, because we have one. In nearly every nation in the world small scale or subsistence agricultural producers are called "farmers". In English, the word derives from the word for "earth," as in "firmament" or "terra firma," but it also shares its origin with the word "form" to mean "to shapes or creators." . It occurs to me that right now, we need to become a nation of people who see themselves as creators rather than conquerors or consumers, people who see our central work as the maintenance and sustenance of the earth and human cultures. So I'd like to propose to you that for the purposes of this talk, we think of all our exercises in food production as a kind of farming. In fact, I'd be thrilled if you'd go on thinking of yourself as a farmer after we're done here, because I think that habit of thought could be a powerful one for most of us.
Because it isn't such an outrageous leap to imagine yourself as a farmer. It turns out that only in our highly commodified culture, which values only large scale agriculture at all, and even that not much, is a farmer defined as a big man with a big tractor who grows a thousand acres of corn and votes republican. In fact, he's not a he at all – the average farmer, worldwide is a woman. Even in the US, the only really fast growing segment of agriculture is that of independent women farmers. The average farmer in the world is a non-white woman, farming 4 ½ acres, growing 15 different crops on them. They own no tractor and do most of their labor by hand, and their household has at least one outside source of income (that last part is the only thing that is true of most professional farmers as well – 70% of them must either hold a second job or have a spouse work outside the home to support themselves). And the average farmer world wide doesn't look all that different from what American farmers used to look like. Because the average first settlers in the US farmed only 7 acres, and by the time that Thomas Jefferson was rhapsodizing about the democratic possibilities of a nation of farmers, the average farmer only had 10 acres.
What we are talking about, then, is a return to human norms, in which many people are involved in a subsistence economy, producing most of what they need, with enough to create a small outside income for the things they cannot grow or barter for. Now subsistence, however, does not mean "struggling along in terrible poverty and suffering" – it means self-sufficiency, having enough. A subsistence economy does not require eternal growth, or expansionist political and military policies. It does not have dramatic differences between rich and poor. Its wealth lies in communal resources – the aid of neighbors, the pleasure of community, social and cultural wealth and a strong identification with one's local community. And thus, the community, rather than external programs provide support for those who can no longer support themselves. And, at the same time, those who participate in the subsistence economy have a measure of autonomy unknown to us who are so terribly dependent upon outside resources and political and economic forces we can't control.
If we were to begin thinking of ourselves as Farmers whose primary goal was our own basic self-sufficiency, the security of our neighbors and independence from those forces that demean and limit us, we might one day wake up to a new kind of globalization in which those who reject capitalist "development," those who have had it inflicted unwillingly and disastrously upon them, and those who are now recognizing that the cost of development is too high might be unified in their aims. Were we to see ourselves as like and united with peasant farmers and the poor everywhere, we might cease trying to view our world from the lofty perspective of privelege, and begin to see the view from below, in which subsistence is not poverty or shame, but wealth and a kind of security unknown to most of us.
If we are to define ourselves as farmers, we need to erase some of the baggage that comes with that word. First of all, we have to stop imagining that growing our food is so physically demanding that it can only be undertaken by the young and healthy.
My family has grown an enormous amount of food mostly with our own muscles, and I have run our CSA well into late pregnancy. I know many elderly people and people with disabilities who garden – my own great aunt announced to me at a visit a few years ago that she (at 94) had "finally had to give up the big garden and go down to just growing thirty or forty tomato plants."
We have been taught to see agriculture as intolerably arduous, when in fact, on a small scale it is merely a good workout. If it were as arduous as most people believe, I suspect I'd be considerably, umm, more svelte than I am at present. In many pre-industrial agricultural societies, people had considerably more leisure than we do. In pre-conquest Britain, for example, the average peasant worked only 174 days per year. It says something about the bill of goods we've been sold in by growth capitalism that many of us have fewer days off and less free time than 11th century serfs.
And we need to rid ourselves of the assumption that mechanization is necessary for farms of an acre or two. When you raise children, you can do terrible damage to their capacity for self-sufficiency by always following them around and sparing them any struggle or inconvenience, telling them that things are "too hard" and being right there to ease their labors. The same thing is true with most labor saving devices – in many cases, their very proximity convinces us that we cannot do without them, that our lives without tractors and tillers must be unendurably exhausting. But although machines have their place, not only can we not afford to choose them as a first option, but we harm our own sense of competence and ability to know what our bodies can accomplish. The shovel and the hoe are ancient tools, and much can be accomplished with them.
Equally urgently, we need to stop conceiving of the farmer as a white person, living in a largely or wholly white community. Some of our cultural nostalgia for agriculture is, I think, a fantasy of a world of perfect whiteness. But, in fact, our nation of farmers was built on the blood and sweat of slaves, and now our nation of consumers lives upon the produce of mistreated Latino farm workers. While African Americans have been productive small farmers for many generations, they are losing their land and livelihood at a much higher rate than farmers in general. We can assume that as poverty rises and hunger haunts us, African Americans will, as usual, be the first and most deeply harmed. To build sustainable, local food systems that serve African American communities will be a task of the utmost urgency, and the members of those communities are the only ones who can tell us what they need and how best to get it. We need to stop sending young African Americans to war and to prison, and give them access to the land, knowledge and power they have every right to. Nor can we afford to mistreat and disdain the people who mostly grow our food right now. We call them migrant workers, or farm workers, instead of their proper name – farmers, as though the person who owns the land has done the essential work of farming simply by owning it, while these unskilled "workers" have merely planted the seeds, weeded the ground, watered, fertilized, tended and harvested the food we eat. What we deem our "immigration problem" would look very different if we realized that the greatest wealth of agricultural knowledge and skill in our nation is in the bodies of those we loathe as "illegals."
The other exploited group whose needs have to be addressed are present-day industrial farmers. That may seem like a counter-intuitive point, but we as a nation have done more harm to ourselves by the destruction of our existing agricultural communities than we can possibly imagine. Wendell Berry points out that what we've done to our rural communities over the last 100 years is a form of colonialism. Colonialism, as we all know, is the subjugation of a people for the purpose of extracting their wealth from them. And the very first project of colonialism, as Edward Said points out, is to devalue everything the colonized person knows and believes, and to replace it with the culture of the colonizer, so that when you debase and humiliate and destroy the colonized person, rape his land and take its riches, they'll believe you are doing it for their own good. Could there be a better way of describing what has happened to millions of farmers over the last 100 years? They've been told they were hicks and rednecks, that their profound knowledge of their craft and their place was less valuable than professionalized knowledge coming out of agricultural colleges and cities, and their children were encouraged to have contempt for their parents's knowledge and to leave for the cities as soon as possible. We told the children of farmers that what people in cities had was knowledge, and what they had was ignorance. Their forests were logged, their minerals mined, their soil stripped, their economies destroyed, families broken apart and towns converted into bedroom suburbs.
And if you don't think the people who grew out of farming communities all over the country are mad as hell about it, and want to strike back at the people who disdained them and took away their sense of place, of competence, and their culture, look at the last two elections, the deep division between the places where farmers are and the places where they mostly are not. Farmers are not inherently political conservative, nor are they fools – in the 1920s, Kansas and Oklahoma were hotbeds of Marxism and labor radicalism. But we stripped farmers of what they had and what they knew, and left them willing to give over power to anyone who seemed to showed them the respect they so deeply deserve.
The average professional farmer is 63 years old. 71% of all farmers say they wouldn't want their children to be farmers, and most of them aren't. One of the reasons our best agricultural land is being steadily transformed into housing is that the children of farmers do not want the land except for its potential marketable wealth. For the sake of short term wealth, we let 200 years of painstakingly created knowledge, skill and craft that enabled farmers of past generations to live in the closest thing to sustainability we've ever created in this country and ensured that it would be lost. We told farmers to "get big or get out," that diversification was a mistake, that small farms can't feed the world, that machines were better than animals, that knowing the whole world shallowly was better than knowing one place profoundly. And we were wrong on every single count, and the old farmers were right. It turns out that diversified small farms of about 4 acres have an output 200-2000 times greater than large industrial farms. While traditional polyculture farms may produce less of anyone thing (called yield by our economy) they produce much, much more output which includes the sum of all the food, fiber and fertility they generate . In fact, diversified small farms and the nearly lost knowledge of old farmers may be the only hope we have of continuing to feed the world. But we've wasted so much for so long – it should shock us realize that the grey Kansas dustbowl farm where Dorothy walked the pigpen fence in The Wizard of Oz is now as mythical and lost a place as Oz is.
If we're to avoid the worst prices of our ignorance, we must act now, and stop today buying supermarket food and start growing it for ourselves and our neighbors. We must grow food simply so we can cease to be consumers and subjects and become citizens again. Consumers are subjects so much in the habit of obeying the directives of corporations, so deeply that they cannot escape their artificially created sense of need, and thus lack the rage or the outrage to engage in dissent. They are so absorbed into their system of subjection that they simply cannot conceive of a world without their economic rulers. And lest we mock them, lest we imagine that we who are here today are better than the masses who believe in corporate power, let's not kid ourselves. Because most of us are hanging on to our jobs, our cars, our appliances for dear life, terrified of the day that it all turns off. Mostly we're all waiting for the disaster to come and decide for us, so that we don't have to take the tremendous risk of stepping out of the economy that enslaves us.
If we are to give up subjection and return to being citizens, rather than consumers, the first step tis simply to recognize, that as Paine put it, "A french bastard landing with an armed banditti and establishing himself king of England against the consent of the natives, is in plain terms a paltry rascally original – It certainly hath no divinity in it." There is no divinity in the industrial economy. No divinity in growth capitalism. The invisible hand is not the hand of G-d, it is a load of crap. Markets are not better than people at making choices about how to live – they are infinitely worse at it – short sighted, inhumane, and unjust. "Planning" is not a dirty word, all attempts at the eqitable distribution of wealth does not lead inevitably to Stalinism and the callow rich do not have their wealth because of virtue. When we shake off our fear, and our habit of acceptance, we can find our sense of outrage again, and choose better for ourselves. In fact, we have no choice. Because 100 million people growing food is a revolution, whether we plan it or not.
Now how do we, as they say where I'm from in Massachusetts, "get theah from heah?" How do we get 50 or 100 million new farmers? How do we feed everyone, and find land, water, nutrients and the will to do the work? I cannot fully answer that question – some of it must be explored in practice, but I do have some suggestions about direction.
Before I tell you the ideas I think might actually work, I did want to note that I asked a friend of mine recently to give me her ideas about how we might encourage a lot of people to take up the project of agriculture. She's my neighbor and while not entirely a peak oil skeptic, she's certainly a little dubious about my obsession, although very nice about it. And her very first suggestion, as is normal in our society, was tax incentives. And that makes sense, because we live in a culture that presumes that when you have some disagreeable task you'd like people to undertake, that you should pay them to do it. We talked about various schemes for economic incentives, but most of them were either insufficiently persuasive or required massive new beaurocracies to keep people from committing fraud. And then my neighbor said, "well, could you let the free market do it for you, by in some way removing taxes or raising the value of what they grow?" And suddenly, I knew how to get at least 100 million new farmers. All we have to do is to announce, that, subject to verification of course, all farmers can put up to 1/10 of their sustainably farmed agricultural land, up to, say, 10 acres, in marijuana production and sell it on the free market. And poof – we'll have 100 million new volunteer farmers tomorrow! And we'll all be much more relaxed about peak oil. Unfortunately, there's just one hitch…
I realized, however, as I thought about it, that my neighbor's basic premise was wrong, that farming is neither so unpleasant that we have to pay people to do it, nor is bribery the best way to encourage people to change their lives. This has been tested amply by paying children to get good grades in school. The simple fact is that children who are rewarded with cash for studying actually do worse, especially in the long term, than those who are not. But more importantly, the reward itself becomes the focus of the child's work, rather than the satisfaction of learning, the pleasure of doing something that matters or the simple joy of getting things right. We've learned that children are happier and better off if they do their work because they enjoy it, or because they want to achieve some goal, or simply because doing things well is more fun than doing them badly. So how is it that we've forgotten that rule for ourselves.
We tend to think of Americans as unwilling to sacrifice, unwilling to act for ethical reasons, unwilling to do hard things because they are the right thing to do. But that's too simple. Little as I approve of American militarism, I was awed by the sheer number of people who were willing to enlist, fight and die for what they perceived as their country's protection after 9/11. And every weekend, two hundred million Americans and more go to churches and synagogues and mosques and look for ways to live ethically, rather than conveniently. Many of the things they asked to do are very difficult in both personal and economic ways. Millions of American environmentalists try and reduce their impact and emissions because they believe it is the right thing to do – despite considerable hardship and inconvenience. We do not lack a willingness to do the right thing – instead, what we lack is a unified understanding of what is right, and a collective energy to work in unison towards a single set of goals. But that can change – in fact, it is changing. For the first time the environmental movement, conservative Christians and justice movements are all headed in the same direction, due to shared concern about global warming. There is every hope and every reason to believe that those movements could be brought together to transform our culture, assuming we can find a mutual respect and understanding of one another. That alliance has the possibility to reach many people with a single message – that small scale farming is the most urgent work we can do, and also the most pleasurable.
The American Dream is a phrase so trite and misused as to be meaningless in most contexts, but not, perhaps in this one. Because the original American dream was simply this – land, autonomy, peace and plenty. What was suburbia, but a failed means of stripping the agriculture and labor away from the dream of a small green space? We teach our children about the farm from birth – one of the very first things most children learn about the world is that cows say moo. The dream of the farm, the real farm, not the suburban fake, is so deeply ingrained in us that it would not be hard to bring it back. So many people tell me that they'd love to do what I do – and they can, not in some distant place, but where they are now, with a hen and a tomato and a hoe. It was, after all, a garden we were cast out of.
So if we can conceive of a way to persuade people to transform their bit of land into a farm, the next thing we need is land on which to farm. It is not necessary to own it, although most of us are, at least for now, probably safest and most secure in traditional ownership relationships. But I think it is important to remember that Bush's ownership society and even Jefferson's agricultural democracy are really covert ways of conceiving private ownership as the root source of power. Such a model excludes those without easy access to wealth, and imagines that our legal connection, rather than our stewardship is the most important thing about our relationship to land.
Many people farm on rented land, in community gardens, in the backyards of houses owned by landlords or families, and many more could. Public greenspace and corporate lawns might become locations for the landless to farm upon. And many more people could live together, combining resources, than do at present.
My husband and I own our 27 acres because we shared housing our entire adult lives – we saved for our first down payment by living in a graduate student apartment with five people in 900 square feet, a situation that was deeply enjoyable for all of us, and that I would duplicate again in a heartbeat, children and all. When we bought our home, we bought it jointly with my husband's grandparents who could no longer live independently. We helped care for them and got the pleasure of their support and assistance in our farming ventures. My husband's grandmother had been a refugee from the Nazis, and said that she'd always dreamed of owning a farm – something impossible for a Jew in Germany in the 1930s. She made it possible for us, just as we made it possible for them to avoid institutional care and live among their family at the end of their lives. Many other people could join with family and friends to share land if they chose, and there are millions of seniors in the US who want nothing more than to remain in their own homes for their whole lives, and to see that home bloom and flourish.
Landlessness is set to be a major source of political and social conflict both in America and all over the world. If urban centers no longer are sources of wealth, how long before the poor recognize that all true wealth is, in fact, biological, and that land, not money, is where security lies. All over the world, enormous tracts of land are held by corporations, governments and private owners, and in many places in the world where economic disparities are greatest, the poor are trying now, through civil disobedience and violence, to claim some access to land themselves.
In America, however, we may actually have a potential solution to the problem – and in true permaculture fashion, the problem may be the solution. We've all seen The End of Suburbia and read James Kunstler's indictment of suburbia and its excesses. And both those sources rightly blame the car-based alienation of the suburban model for both our absurd overuse of fossil fuels and the culture of consumption. We have subdivided our best farmland, put enormous, ugly houses on it, and used it to grow lawns. In many cases, large cities like New York may become insupportable precisely because the agricultural land that feeds them has been lost to the expansion of the evil burbs.
But in our foolishness may lie hope, at least in some places. As production drops steadily on salinated and stripped fields in California and Iowa, and almost 50% of the world's arable land is now classed as seriously degraded, we may yet compensate for some of that by wisely but intensively growing our food on suburban lots, replacing lawns with gardens and decorative trees with fruit trees. Big cities that have sprawled over their land base will almost certainly have to derive their food from the suburbs around them – from many, many plots of 1/3 or ¼ acre, rather than farm fields. Kunstler's analysis has suburbia becoming slums as those who can afford to move towards greener, more sustainable pastures. But economies may arise in suburbia where we never expected them – the suburbs may become the bread baskets of the cities, able to grow most of their own food and a little extra. Ten thousand houses, each with a little extra, adds up to something tremendous. In fact, many cities could grow much more of their food than they do – and many cities worldwide already produce a great deal of what they eat. When I was in Singapore in the mid-1990s small farmers grew more than ½ of the vegetables eaten within the city limits.
In Kenya, the Association for Better Land Husbandry has worked with communities all over the country to help people grow more food, in less space, with virtually no purchased inputs. Kenya's soils are heavily eroded and low in fertility from centuries of overgrazing and mismanagement. The people who were being aided here had so little that the purchase of a single tree or dozen seeds was often beyond them. But the techniques of adding organic matter, cover cropping, the use of human and animal manures and water efficiency were taught by volunteers all over the country. Someone would go to a community and teach a few people, who in turn taught their neighbors. In six years, in these communities the percentage of people free from hunger and self sufficient in staple foods rose by more than 50%.
If we choose to concentrate wholly on the short term danger of hunger, we will find ourselves mining the fertility we've built up on our suburban lots, and simply putting off our crisis for a few years. We must incorporate fertility building into its long-term strategies. That means that we must return what we take off of the land, and rejuvenate what we've already destroyed. Among other things, that means we're going to have to stop treating our own humanure as waste, and start composting it and putting it back on our gardens. For suburban and rural families, this will be as simple as building simple composting toilets at home. For urban dwellers, we're going to need new infrastructure, and a new psychology about human bodily fluids, because we cannot afford to waste fertility the way we do. Even in the smallest apartment, you can pee in a bucket, dilute it and pour it on your houseplants and the plants on your balcony.
We can never again have continuous corn, or continuous anything on any ground – doing so is theft from future generations. Even in small home plots, we'll need to allow land to grow cover crops, or mulch crops. As a maximum, only 2/3 of our land should be in most annual vegetable crops. The rest rest will need to be in perennial crops, trees, pastures and cover crops. Despite the temptation to take just a little more out of the land, always for the best and most urgent of reasons, we must resist, and live in balance. We'll need to reinstitute fallow time for our ground as well, no matter how urgently we could use what it produces.
We're going to have to learn new ways to eat as well – to learn to eat and enjoy the staple foods that make the most sense in our particular areas and cultures. Any revolution in agriculture is doomed to failure if it isn't eagerly taken into our kitchens. Here in the Midwest, the staple starch will probably always be corn and wheat. But where I live in the cold, rocky, rainy Northeast, that means potatoes along with seasonally produced milk from dairy animals on land suited only for pasture. In the southwest, the traditional corn and beans will have to reign supreme. And for G-d's sake, we're going to have to give up growing rice and other irrigated crops in southern California – in fact, we're going to have to give up growing a lot of things in California and get comfortable with our own personal, permanent 100 mile diets.
Human beings are very nervous about changes in their food cultures. So all of this is going to have to come with educational support, with a community of people who can teach others how to cook and enjoy staple foods, and make that cooking enjoyable and exciting, rather than onerous. Communities will need be mobilized in the ways they were during World War I and II, where those who did not go to war worked together to provide compensatory services – and besides teaching others how to garden and cook and eat good food, we are likely to find that the social benefits are enormous. Because none of this can be done without neighbors talking to neighbors, bartering, sharing work and seed and ideas, and people organizing in ways we have not in a very long time. While I don't want to minimize the potential hardships of peak oil we are likely to find a considerable amount of joy in this new conectedness we depend upon.
There will be much less animal protein in the post-peak diet, although many of us will not be total vegetarians – animals are simply too useful in polyculture.
Some land will be better suited to grazing than any other form of agricultural production, and scraps and garden wastes may yet be best utilized by small numbers of hens or rabbits, while taking advantage of their food, fiber and manure outputs. Larger farms may require animal traction. Farms are complex ecologies, and in fact, we may find that we cannot afford not to have animals. Animals in small moveable pens can provide tillage – fertilizing and scratching up ground until it is ready for planting. Geese and ducks can provide weed control as well as meat and eggs. We will need to change suburban and urban laws to permit small livestock in every neighborhood.
This is an awful lot of change, and for many of us, the next question must be "how do we do it when the current administration is so hell-bent on leading us to destruction?" It is essential to recognize that change does not have to come from the top down. In the end, there are damned few leaders in history who have led people anywhere. Mostly, people have to point in the right direction and our so-called-leaders get out of breath trying to keep up. It would be nice if they'd help us along, but it is not essential. If enough of us stand up and take up the mantle of creating new food economies and cease buying from supermarkets, whoever presently runs our government will begin to work with us (and, of course, take all the credit for leading us there).
I think it is almost certainly true that we have the resources, the power, the skills to stave off a disaster. So many of the speakers at this conference have described ways in which we might optimize our remaining resources, while we voluntarily reduced our population to levels that would not require fossil fuels. We have the power to feed ourselves even in a future of resource depletion if we are willing to do the work of creating a subsistence economy.
What we have lacked, I think, is ultimately the faith that our own small actions can make it come true. We look around us and see waste everywhere, encouraged by the short-sighted, imperialist and just plain evil policies of our government, and enacted by those who live blindly. And we think "I don't see anyone volunteering to make radical change – and I don't know what would happen to our economy if we did. Maybe we're better off just trying to keep things the same, inequities or no inequities, die off or no die off, because the alternative just has so many unknowns, and there's so little momentum. Maybe my primary interest should be in preserving my own family" This is terrifying stuff. I don't think anyone here knows just what will happen if you can't trade corn futures on the stock exchange, or what the world's economy will look like if the industrial model goes offline. We have guesses, but no proof. Even most of the people I know who believe in peak oil feel desperately isolated, and become somewhat cynical about human nature, believing that people are simply too complacent or too frightened to make radical change. We see our neighbor's SUV and think the whole thing is hopeless, no matter what we do. But that's a trap and an error in thinking, one that is encouraged by those who do not want citizens to start seeing themselves as powerful.
In essence, everything that is good and valuable in the last 300 years of our human history has been a repeating narrative in which people who were powerless, enslaved, colonized, impoverished and desperate stood up and said, no more, and overthrew the people who colonized and enslaved them. Every one of those movements started out with a small number of angry and frightened people who saw the need for transformation and risked, as someone once said, their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor. Folks, this is just growing food! Every one of us is more privileged, better educated, more powerful and in every way better prepared to change the world than thousands of people who already did it. How can we possibly do less than they, when the stakes are so high? So please go home and plant your gardens.
Thank you.


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Collin McHugh tossed five scoreless innings and Houston used an early burst of offense to subdue the Angels, 7-2, in Tuesday's opener of a three-game series.
Jason Castro and Robbie Grossman each hit a two-run single during a five-run third inning for the Astros, who snapped a two-game slide and have taken eight of 10 overall. Jonathan Singleton had a productive MLB debut with a home run and two RBI, and Chris Carter also went deep.
McHugh (4-3) fanned four, walked two and gave up just two hits for the win.
Collin Cowgill and Josh Hamilton each hit a solo shot for the Angels, who lost the game and center fielder Mike Trout with mid-back discomfort.
C.J. Wilson (6-5) lasted just 2 2/3 frames, charged with six hits and five runs and five walks as LA dropped its fourth straight game.

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Your home or office building probably doesn't cough a lot. It doesn't register a fever, nor does it complain of a tummy ache or go through a box of tissues every hour.
It doesn't convey any sign of illness, but your building may very well be afflicted with Sick Building Syndrome (SBS), according to the Environmental Protection Association. The EPA uses the term to "describe situations in which building occupants experience acute health and comfort effects that appear to be linked to time spent in a building, but no specific illness or cause can be identified."
SBS could be to blame if building occupants are plagued with the following symptoms:
• Headaches
• Coughs
• Irritated eyes, nose or throat
• Dry or itchy skin
• Difficulty in concentrating
• Fatigue
Most of these symptoms go away very shortly after leaving a sick building. One of the more common causes of SBS is inadequate ventilation. Since most indoor air pollution comes from sources inside the building—carpeting, upholstery, copy machines and manufactured wood products, just to name a few—it is critical to ensure your building's HVAC system operates at local standards.
Often this means increasing the ventilation rates or adding local exhaust ventilation. But there are other ways to clear the air. More efficient air filters, such as our MERV 11 and MERV 13 filters, can trap the smaller particles inexpensive filters cannot.
So while the building you live or work doesn't show signs of illness, the people inside it might. If you or others in your home or office display any of the symptoms above and don't know why, consider upgrading to a MERV 11 or MERV 13 air filter..
Is your home or office building sick?
Your home or office building probably doesn't cough a lot. It doesn't register a fever, nor does it complain of a tummy ache or go through a box of tissues every hour.


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Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata
- Fun to drive
- precise steering and handling
- smartly designed soft and hard tops
- low price
- low operating costs.
- Stability control only available on the top trim level
- disappointing stereo
- small trunk.
Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata for Sale
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Edmunds' Expert Review
The 2011 Mazda Miata maintains its position as one of the all-time great roadsters, mixing refinement and excitement in an affordable, compact package.
vehicle overview
For more than two decades now, the Mazda Miata has been thrilling sports car purists with its elemental charms. The first Miata called to mind the British roadsters of the 1960s, except the Mazda also boasted a stiff chassis, reliable electrics, an engine that didn't mark its territory with oil and a soft top that was easy to operate and wouldn't try your patience and bust your nails.
Now in its third generation, the Miata continues to offer more of the same, with lively handling, communicative steering, a happy-to-rev power plant and an affordable price. The 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata doesn't change one whit compared to last year's model. We see absolutely nothing wrong with this and doubt anyone else does either.
Though the 167-horsepower output of the MX-5 Miata's four-cylinder engine might seem meager in a world of 270-hp family sedans, it doesn't have to move nearly as much weight as a sedan, since a base-model Miata weighs only about 2,500 pounds. And should you opt for the power-retractable-hardtop model, you're only taking on another 70 pounds for the additional weather protection, noise insulation and parking security. Whether you choose a base Miata or a loaded one, you'll find that a hugely entertaining driving experience, a generous roster of features and daily comfort are all standard fare.
As you can probably tell, we think rather highly of the 2011 Mazda Miata. In fact, the modern Miata has no real competition, as would-be rivals such as the Pontiac Solstice/Saturn Sky twins and the Honda S2000 are history and high-end roadsters such as the 2011 BMW Z4 and 2011 Porsche Boxster are in another economic realm.
The Mazda's closest rival would be the 2011 Mini Cooper convertible, which isn't as capable in terms of handling but is still fun to drive and offers the bonus of a pair of very small backseats. One might also consider the 2011 Ford Mustang V6 convertible, which now offers a powerful engine and respectable handling, though not the compact dimensions and point-and-shoot dynamic of the Mazda.
Considering this, it seems that the story is the same even after 20 years. Car shoppers looking for a fun, zippy and affordable roadster need look no further than their friendly neighborhood Mazda dealer.
2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata configurations
The 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata is a two-seat roadster that is offered in three trim levels: base Sport, well-equipped Touring and premium Grand Touring. All come standard with a manually operated soft top, while the top two trims can be had with a power-retractable hardtop (PRHT).
In Sport trim, standard features include 16-inch cast-aluminum wheels, a black vinyl convertible top with a glass rear window, air-conditioning, cloth seats, a six-speaker sound system with a CD/MP3 player and an auxiliary audio jack, a height-adjustable driver seat, a leather-wrapped steering wheel and power windows and mirrors.
The Touring model adds 17-inch alloy wheels, a shock tower brace for the front suspension, foglights, cruise control, power door locks, keyless entry, an auto-dimming rearview mirror, a trip computer, a six-CD changer, steering-wheel-mounted audio controls and a leather-wrapped shift knob. The Grand Touring steps up with the choice of a black or beige cloth top, automatic climate control, leather upholstery, heated seats, a seven-speaker Bose audio system and silver interior accents. The PRHT models are identically equipped.
Most options are grouped in packages. Sport models can be equipped with the Convenience package that includes most of the Touring upgrades (this package is included in Miatas with automatic transmissions). Touring and Grand Touring models can enhance the Miata's already nimble handling with the Suspension package (only available with a manual transmission), which includes a sport-tuned suspension with Bilstein shocks and a limited-slip differential. The Grand Touring qualifies for the Premium package that features stability control, keyless ignition/entry, xenon headlights, Bluetooth and satellite radio. An Appearance package adds a different front spoiler and extended rocker sills.
Also available this year is the limited-production Miata Special Edition. It's essentially a Grand Touring PRHT with the Premium package and, if it's a manual transmission, the Suspension package. The Miata Special Edition also includes unique exterior and interior colors.
2011 Highlights
Performance & mpg
The 2011 Mazda Miata is powered by 2.0-liter inline-4 engine that produces 167 hp (158 with the automatic transmission) and 140 pound-feet of torque. Sport models come standard with a five-speed manual transmission, while Touring and Grand Touring models come with a six-speed manual transmission. All models have the option of a six-speed automatic with shift paddles on the steering wheel.
In testing a Miata with a five-speed manual transmission, we found the car could sprint from a standstill to 60 mph in a reasonably quick 6.9 seconds. Fuel economy is also impressive at an EPA-estimated 22 mpg city/28 mpg highway and 24 mpg in combined driving for the five-speed manual. The six-speed manual and automatic sacrifice only 1 mpg in city mileage.
Antilock disc brakes and side airbags are standard. Stability control is available as an option on the Grand Touring model only, however.
One of the Miata's greatest attributes continues to be its ability to bound from corner to corner on a tight and winding road. This ability is due in no small part to a suspension and steering feel that are as communicative as a political pundit in an election year. The seat-of-the-pants feel and feedback from the wheel give the Miata the goods to satisfy nearly any driving enthusiast, though some horsepower junkies may yearn for more under-hood punch.
Still, the free-revving four-cylinder always seems eager to play and the short-throw manual gearbox is as good as it gets. Drivers with less sporting intentions should still find the 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata easy to live with and comfortable for long stints in either top-up or top-down mode.
Sitting behind the wheel of a 2011 Mazda Miata, you'll get the feeling that you're wearing the car, rather than sitting in it. The fit is snug for average-sized adults, but not cramped. Taller drivers, however, have found that the seat runs out of rearward travel, although there's loads more room than in previous-generation Miatas. As always, this Miata features simple, legible gauges along with well-placed, user-friendly controls.
The manual convertible top's operation is as simple as it gets -- push a button, pull a lever and toss the top over your shoulder. Dropping the top takes only a few seconds and raising it is just as easy. With practice, some longer- and stronger-limbed drivers can raise the roof without even leaving the seat. The power-retractable hardtop takes a bit longer to transform from coupe to roadster, but the added convenience, noise isolation and security make it a good choice as a daily driver.
One of the biggest drawbacks for small convertibles is a lack of trunk space, and the Miata is no exception. The 5.3 cubic feet of trunk space is barely enough for a weekend getaway and golf bags take quite a bit of wrestling to stow -- if they fit at all. Points are also deducted for the disappointing top-down stereo performance. Even the upgraded Bose system suffers from poorly aimed speakers that fail to envelop the occupants.
Consumer reviews
Read what other owners think about the 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata.
Most helpful consumer reviews
Features & Specs
Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Overview
The Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata is offered in the following submodels: MX-5 Miata Convertible. Available styles include Grand Touring 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 6M), Grand Touring 2dr Convertible w/Power Hard Top (2.0L 4cyl 6M), Grand Touring 2dr Convertible w/Power Hard Top (2.0L 4cyl 6A), Touring 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 6M), Sport 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 5M), Touring 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 6A), Grand Touring 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 6A), Sport 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 6A), Touring 2dr Convertible w/Power Hard Top (2.0L 4cyl 6A), Touring 2dr Convertible w/Power Hard Top (2.0L 4cyl 6M), Special Edition 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 6M), and Special Edition 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 6A).
What's a good price on a Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata?
Save up to $300 on one of 4 Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata for sale at dealerships within 25 miles of Ashburn, VA with prices as low as $12,995 as of11/20/2018, based on data from dealers and consumer-driven dealer ratings ranging from1 to 1 out of 5 stars.
Price comparisons for Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata trim styles:
- The Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Grand Touring is priced between $12,995 and$15,998 with odometer readings between 44782 and73000 miles.
- The Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Touring is priced between $12,995 and$15,998 with odometer readings between 13603 and63521 miles.
Shop with Edmunds for perks and special offers on used cars, trucks, and SUVs near Ashburn, VA. Doing so could save you hundreds or thousands of dollars. Edmunds also provides consumer-driven dealership sales and service reviews to help you make informed decisions about what cars to buy and where to buy them.
Which used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miatas are available in my area?
Shop Edmunds' car, SUV, and truck listings of over 6 million vehicles to find a cheap new, used, or certified pre-owned (CPO) 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata for sale near. There are currently 4 used and CPO 2011 MX-5 Miatas listed for sale in your area, with list prices as low as $12,995 and mileage as low as 13603 miles. Simply research the type of car you're interested in and then select a used car from our massive database to find cheap prew-owned vehicles for sale near you. Once you have identified a used vehicle you're interested in, check the Carfax and Autocheck vehicle history reports, read dealer reviews, and find out what other owners paid for the Used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata. Then select Edmunds special offers, perks, deals, and incentives to contact the dealer of your choice and save up to $300 on a used or CPO 2011 MX-5 Miata available from a dealership near you.
Can't find a used 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miatas you want in your area? Consider a broader search.
Find a used Mazda MX-5 Miata for sale - 7 great deals out of 8 listings starting at $7,672.
Find a used Mazda for sale - 9 great deals out of 15 listings starting at $14,720.
Find a used certified pre-owned Mazda MX-5 Miata for sale - 5 great deals out of 16 listings starting at $23,255.
Find a used certified pre-owned Mazda for sale - 3 great deals out of 22 listings starting at $9,533.
Compare prices on the Used Mazda MX-5 Miata for sale in Ashburn, VA to other major cities
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Should I lease or buy a 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata?
Is it better to lease or buy a car? Ask most people and they'll probably tell you that car buying is the way to go. And from a financial perspective, it's true, provided you're willing to make higher monthly payments, pay off the loan in full and keep the car for a few years. Leasing, on the other hand, can be a less expensive option on a month-to-month basis. It's also good if you're someone who likes to drive a new car every three years or so.
Check out Mazda lease specials
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2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Information
- 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Build and Price TMV®
- 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Incentives & Rebates
- 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Consumer Discussions
- 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Consumer Reviews
- 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Features & Specs
- 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Pictures
- 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Review
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- 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Used For Sale Near Me
- 2011 Mazda MX-5 Miata Ownership Costs


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New Delhi: Ancient rock paintings have come to the mainstream display space as fashionable haute art at the first International Rock Art Festival here.
The 45-day festival at the Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts was inaugurated by Vice President Hamid Ansari and union Culture Minister Chandresh Kumari Katoch Thursday.
The festival opened with an exhibition of rock art from Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh and Orissa, the cradle of early art in India, dating between 4,000 and 12,000 BC. The exhibition has been mounted in a cave-like setting on the lines of Bhimbhetka, an archaeological world heritage site located in Raisen district.
Tracing the evolution of rock art into ethnic art, the exhibition is also displaying a selection of Saura art from Odisha, Warli art from Maharashtra and Rathwa art from Gujarat that have originated from the prehistoric cave paintings into refined compositions of aboriginal life on canvas.
The accompanying workshops have drawn scholars from 20 countries representing five continents, who will present reviews on researches in rock art in their respective countries by offering global insights into recent developments, challenges and problems through special lectures and conferences.
The academic sessions will focus on interpretation of rock art, content, context, chronology, cultural ecology and documentation and conservation.
"We need to understand the circular movement of our past and present, regional and global, party and whole, self and other, the surface and context in the rock art traditions of the world. Rock art has become a thing of the past for the younger generation because of negligence," said B.L. Malla, project director of the festival.
The vice president stressed the need for successful conservation to incorporate local area development through employment generation, boosting local crafts and arts, building of infrastructure, environment conservation and landscaping.
"A stronger partnership among different stakeholders, including local communities, awareness campaigns, capacity building and involvement of youth is of great importance for the attainment of this goal," Ansari said.
"As rock art in India is a living art tradition practised by several communities across the country, the conference will also focus on initiating a dialogue between the academia and the practising artists," Ansari said.
Member-secretary of IGNCA Dipali Khanna said the exhibition had created an awareness about rock art in the capital. "Many visitors, who poured in throughout the day, wanted to go to Madhya Pradesh. The biggest challenge is to get children to the exhibition. It is a mandate I have set for myself," Khanna told IANS.
The museum has been touch with 30 government schools across the capital to send students` delegations to the exhibition. "I have created a group of 20 young researchers - scholar guides- who will conduct curated walks in the museum. We are training them to explain rock art to visitors, who have no idea about the prehistorical art," Khanna said.
The young curator-guides have come from as far as South India, "They are all well educated and scholarly people without being technical. It will be the USP of IGNCA," she said.


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The Craver Compound
Location: Arapaho Hills, Littleton, Colorado
Size: 1,200 square feet main level, 1,000 square feet finished basement
Years lived in: 4 1/2 years
What do you get when you combine an architect, a veteran picker + vintage dealer, a kid that enjoys thrift shops and estate sales, and a cute-as-pie little girl all under one roof? The amazing Craver family and their treasure trove of a home! Nestled in the historic Arapaho Hills neighborhood of Littleton, Colorado stands a beautiful piece of history that has been lovingly restored by a playful, creative family.
The Cravers purchased the home just over four years ago and have worked hard to bring back its original charm. The previous owner had laid carpet, whitewashed the walls, and created a large master bedroom by combining two smaller rooms. Luckily, Chris was able to obtain the original plans for the house, and started the process of putting all the pieces back together.
Tiffany's previous employment at Design Within Reach and her current line of work aided in the quest to fill the home with unique treasures. Charlie might be the only kid his age that knows the value of a vintage transformer, while Chelsea is sure to have the only 1950s tin kitchen set on the block. Touring the Craver Compound you will find there is something for everyone, and a fantastic story to accompany each find. Thanks for sharing your wonderful home, Craver family!
Apartment Therapy Survey:
Our Style: We both love mid century modern design. Tiff has a great eye and a love for all things vintage. I like to design and build new features into the existing architecture. I wish I was more Mod Men style. A modern day "June and Ward" — Charlie stars as the "Beaver".
Inspiration: Other mid century modern homes in the neighborhood and homes from the case study program. A trip to Palm Springs, California and Siesta Key, Florida, where there is an appreciation for mid century architecture and a large number of preserved homes.
Favorite Element: For me, the restored mahogany woodwork. For Tiff, the kitchen.
Biggest Challenge: Remodeling your own home with children. Restoring a gem that has been badly remodeled by a previous home owner.
What Friends Say: The front of the house is fairly unassuming, so I think they are surprised by the openness, the glass, the wood ceiling and the view. Have you seen that show, Mad Men? Can I have one of those beers? We also joke and call our house the Craver "Compound".
Biggest Embarrassment: Our tan on taupe bathrooms are right off the sale rack at Home Depot. Then there's our weed filled back yard. Can we apply for that "Yard Wars" show?
Proudest DIY: The kitchen was the biggest and most challenging, but also the most rewarding.
Biggest Indulgence: The swimming pool, which we have almost completely redone.
Best Advice: Have a plan before you start. And once you start, do your best to finish it. I have about twenty things going on around the house and they are all at about 75% complete. Retrofit your house with things that will complement the house's style. If you have a 90's tract home, I have your bathroom… come and get it.
To quote Vera Neumann "Hire the best architect you can afford, even if you can't really afford him at all, and you'll save money on everything." She also had an amazing "Compound" designed by Marcel Breuer!
Dream Sources: Estate Sales, Habitat for Humanity stores, Design Within Reach, Mod Livin', Modernica, and Ikea.
Resources of Note:
• Main walls: Benjamin Moore "Gray Owl" OC-52
• Charlie's room: Walls; Martha Stewart "Roman Marble" 165 Ceiling; Martha Stewart "Handkerchief" 8051. Closet doors: Sherwin Williams "Roycroft Pewter" 2848
• Wood stains by Minwax, "Special Walnut" and "Dark Walnut"
• Bullet planter - Mod Livin'
• Eames plywood chair - Herman Miller • Ostrich print - Eye Candy
• Paint by number set-homeowner
• Theatre sofa - DWR
• Angela Adams rug - DWR
• Lounge chair that we had reupholstered - neighborhood yard sale score $10 (plus $$ for re-upholstery job!)
• Eames rocker - Decade with new base from Modernica
• Floor lamp - Ballpark flea market
• Child's vintage kitchen by Wolverine - estate sale
• Child's vintage chair by Cosco Household - estate sale
• Eames dining chairs - DWR
• Zero dining table - DWR
• Nelson bubble pendant - DWR
• Vintage desk and chair - estate sale
• Wall cabinet (cd storage) - Ikea
• Geneva sound system - DWR
• Nelson wall clock - DWR
• Postcard display wall - Tiff's collection (amassed since age 3) cable and hardware from hardware store.
• Beech wood and glossy white cabinets and wood countertop - Ikea
• Vers iPod dock - Urban Outfitters
• Metal planter - CB2
• Barstools - Ikea
• Plate and fondue pot - Catherine Holm
• Pan Am plane on wood base - friend
• Charlie's furniture by True Modern - Mod Livin'
• Wall shelves - Ikea
• Chelsea's furniture - Ikea
• Artwork - cut up Andy Warhol calendar, frames from Ikea
• Case Study platform bed - DWR
• Lamps - Ikea
• Fish mobile by Flenstad - DWR
• Basement credenza by Herman Miller - Decade
• Child's playhouse by Plan Toys - department store
• Child's vintage chairs in orange and tan by Shamrock-Neatway - estate sale.
Thanks, Craver family!
(Images: Ashley Poskin)• HOUSE TOUR ARCHIVE: Check out past house tours here.
• Interested in sharing your home with Apartment Therapy? Contact the editors through our House Tour Submission Form.
• Are you a designer/architect/decorator interested in sharing a residential project with Apartment Therapy readers? Contact the editors through our Professional Submission Form.


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Mindfulness in Tibet
Guru Rinpoche
Padmasambhava "Lotus-Born" also known as the Second Buddha, was a sage guru from Oddiyana, northwestern Classical India (in the modern-day Swat Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan). Padmasambhava is said to have transmitted Vajrayana Buddhism to Tibet, Bhutan and neighboring countries in the 8th century AD. In those lands, he is better known as Guru Rinpoche (lit. "Precious Guru") or Lopon Rinpoche.
Latest Posts By Guru Rinpoche


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this is a discussion within the Saints Community Forum; Is it just me, or does it seem this team just keeps getting worse? Before you blurt out yes, stop and think about it. It always FEELS like things are worse now than before - my question is are they ...
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Join Date: Sep 2002
Posts: 5,631
Getting Worse?
Is it just me, or does it seem this team just keeps getting worse? Before you blurt out yes, stop and think about it. It always FEELS like things are worse now than before - my question is are they really?
Maybe this is an exercise in futility b/c I do think that wha we're all feeling is true, they are getting worse. Still, I can't help but stop and think about what could have been.
The 2000 N.O. Saints weren't a great team, but they were scrappy. They played over their heads and won when it mattered. The defense was relentless in coming at the O, and our offense could put some points up.
2001 we were still young and Haslett made some defensive changes that were, IMO, unwise. Still, the team was still tough. They really started doing what has come to be Saints Standard Operating Procedure in 2001 - they played up and down to competition. However, they were 7-5 in week 14 when they went to Tampa for a show down between two 7-5 teams for what was basically a wildcard spot. Sure they collapsed, and I was mad as hell then, but the team was still competitive for the better half of the year.
Enter 2002. The team started 7-2 and was arguably the best team in the league at one point. The Saints were on fire. But somewhere between the Bye, a tough loss to ATL, and Deuce getting hurt, it all went to sh-t. They stumble down the stretch but are still in position to actually fight to win the division with 3 games left. An injured AB can't move the O and we suffer another collpase.
2002 was it for me. It signaled the beginning of the end. I though we should have dumped Haslett then. Many people disagreed, but I think I saw the will snap. The Saints really lacked that killer attitude that they had in 2000. Maybe it was the player turnover. Maybe it was that certain players got paid and were on easy street. Maybe it was a lack of veteran leadership... maybe it was all of those things, but IMO Haslett's fate was sealed in 2002.
Last season they were pretty bad. Started 3-5 and didn't beat a team with a winning record until Dallas. But some people saw something in the second half of the year - a get up and fight that reminded them of the gritty 2000 team. Was it there? I doubt it. I think the Saints and an already desperate coach managed to out-talent other bottom dwellers.
This season, the Saints can't even seem to do that. The D is getting progressively worse. The offense is suffering both as a result and on its own. Our coaching staff looks even more inept and our players more clueless. Is it just me, or is this the worst Saints team since at least the Ditka era?
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Truth Addict
Join Date: Dec 2003
Location: Spanish Fort, AL (via NO and B/R)
Posts: 23,350
Getting Worse?
YOU ARE CRAZY. Put down the pipe and step away!
Say it ain\'t so man. You want Ditka back?
Join Date: Sep 2002
Posts: 5,631
Getting Worse?
Sure do, and I want to trade Deuce too!
Join Date: Apr 2003
Location: Baton Rouge
Posts: 96
Getting Worse?
Maybe we can trade deuce miami for an injured Seau? he is better than what we got. if we are lucky he would play hurt for us for a few games and then retire so we dont have to worry about him becoming one of those pesky \"cancers.\" you know the type, the ones who care about winning.
100th Post
Join Date: Jan 2003
Posts: 114
Getting Worse?
I know there is some joking in what is being said, but Ditka would at least be an improvement at GM, afterall I have and will always say it was his team that won the playoff game. Ditka just has a little problem selecting skill players, but with o-line and defense, he seems to make a whole lot of good decisions.
100th Post
Join Date: Jul 2004
Location: New Orleans, Louisiana
Posts: 219
Getting Worse?
I never want to hear Ditka and Saints in the same sentence. Just hearing his name gives me headaches. He belongs in Chicago, not New Orleans.
But back to the question at hand: have the Saints been worsening at a yearly pace? Maybe not a yearly pace, but they have been worsening.
I always credit the success of the 2000 season to Randy Mueller. He brought in most of the impact players at the key positions. Haslett simply coached them. And, he had Ron Zook as the DC, which will always be better than Venturi.
Since then, however, the team seems to be plagued with incompetency, self-centeredness, and bad attitudes from both players and coaches. I\'ve never really thought that Haslett had a tight reign on his players (i.e. Joe Horn\'s cell phone and Albert Connel\'s thefts) or that the players really like him (i.e. Willie Roaf and Kyle Turley publicly blasting him).
This team has always looked good on paper. Our downfall seems to be bad gameplanning and preparation. All too often I\'ve seen players out of alignment and/or confused before the snap. It\'s partially the players and largely the coaches to blame.
When it comes to discussing Saints losses, Jack Daniels can be a great listener.
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Join Date: Nov 2004
Location: Baton Rouge, LA
Posts: 1,739
Getting Worse?
I can\'t disagree with the \"getting worse\" thing. I\'ve been a fan since the mid-80\'s, and have always seemed able to find it in my heart to pull for us regardless of the realistic circumstances. Last season was the first time in my life I was able to make it to a few games, the home dates vs. the Panthers & the Falcons. Both games, as I recall, went to overtime and were decided by a field goal. We lost the Panthers game and won the Falcons game, but both were incredibly exciting and competitive, and I left both feeling like I hadn\'t wasted my time.
No so this year. I attended the season opener vs. Seattle, and spent most of the afternoon thoroughly depressed. Made it to the Tampa Bay game, and was heartbroken as I sat amongst countless Bucs fans (they had come all that way in spite of starting 0-5) and watched us hand them their first win on the back of their 3rd string QB. I\'ve got tickets for this weekend, and I fear another disappointment is in the mail.
No news flash, but it really sucks that things have gotten this bad. I live in Birmingham, so it\'s a long (and rather expensive) trip to New Orleans just to come all the way back depressed. It\'s all fun bashing the Saints on the board now and again, but it\'s no fun seeing our prophecies fulfilled every Sunday...
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Linked by Thom Holwerda on Fri 2nd Sep 2011 21:47 UTC
So, I kind of mocked this story yesterday, but today an interesting twist has emerged which puts the story in an entirely different light. This week, CNet reported a story about how Apple is working with the San Francisco Police Department to retrieve a lost iPhone 5 prototype. The police and Apple apparently traced the phone to someone's house, and showed up on his doorstep, threatening him and his family. The only problem - the SFPD has no record of any house search or of the case in general - raising the question whether Apple employees falsely impersonated the SFPD, which happens to be a serious crime in California. Update: While I was busy sleeping, the story changed a little bit, but it's still far too shady. After conferring with Apple, the SFPD now states four police officers were involved, and that only the two Apple employees entered Calderon's house. However, Calderon had no idea these two were private non-police people, since he claims they did not identify themselves as Apple employees. Had he known, he would not have let them search his house. So, update or no, Apple employees still impersonated police officers, and issued threats to intimidate Calderon into letting them search his house - without a warrant. I don't understand how people can just accept this sort of behaviour. Don't you have rights in the US? Update II: Perfect summary.
Thread beginning with comment 488245
To read all comments associated with this story, please click here.
To read all comments associated with this story, please click here.
Apple went nuts
by CapEnt on Fri 2nd Sep 2011 22:30 UTC
RE: Apple went nuts
by kristoph on Sat 3rd Sep 2011 00:55 in reply to "Apple went nuts"
This story is not true.
The MPAA sues random innocent people - in their quest to snare the guilty - who can't afford legal representation and are forced to give them money. It's legal extortion.
Microsoft forced companies to not carry competing operating system and software. This illegal behavior shaped the computer industry for two decades and still continues to impact it.
Apple makes shiny phones. If you don't like Apple don't buy Apple but please don't start foaming at the mouth without justification.
RE[2]: Apple went nuts
by some1 on Sat 3rd Sep 2011 17:19 in reply to "RE: Apple went nuts"


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16 Dec 2011 14:30:47 PM
Hey, At Least Strikeforce's Heavyweight Tournament Has a Date Set for its Finale
(We know Josh, we're frustrated too.)
I'm going to level with you for a second, Potato Nation. As I write this, it's nearing five o'clock on what has been a dull and dreary Friday here in the Adirondacks. I've spent nearly all of my money on a bunch of ill-advised Christmas gifts and I'm looking to throw the rest into a bar tab starting pronto, so I apologize for my rather apathetic candor whilst delivering this news.
It has recently been announced that a date for the long anticipated finals of Strikeforce's heavyweight tournament has been set at last, and a location has also been determined. March 3rd, at the Arnold Sports Festival in Columbus, Ohio. UFC/ PRIDE veteran Josh Barnett will face undefeated prospect Daniel Cormier. In two and a half freaking months. If you recall, this Goddamned tournament began over 10 months ago.Read More DIGG THIS


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I. Getting Started
Post-Installation Setup *The PostgreSQL Windows Installer
Creating a Database and Testing the Server
II. Basic PostgreSQL Administration
Logging Parameters
Roles and Privileges
Role Membership
Encryption Options
Backup and Recovery
Filesystem Backup
Maintenance and Monitoring
Monitoring Disk Usage
Client Connections
III. Advanced Administration Topics
Prerequisite knowledge
This course requires students to have an understanding of Linux fundamentals as well as SQL.
To visit and register https://certfirst.com/Courses/?id=146 OR CALL: 630-684-0355 | Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Posted by CertFirst (firstname.lastname@example.com).
Note: The PostgreSQL Global Development Group does not endorse any events run by third parties. No guarantee of the quality of events is offered whatsoever.


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|Texas A&M International University
|University Mission
Texas A&M International University, a Member of The Texas A&M University System,
is committed to the preparation of students for leadership roles in their chosen
profession and in an increasingly complex, culturally diverse state, national, and global
society. A&M International provides students with a learning environment anchored by
the highest quality programs built on a solid academic foundation in the liberal arts and
natural sciences. To fulfill its mission, the University offers baccalaureate and
masters programs in the arts, humanities, business, education, physical, biological, and
social sciences, and health professions, with authority for select doctoral
programs. Programs focus on developing strong undergraduate and graduate offerings
and a progressive agenda for global study and understanding across all disciplines.
|Institutional Research
|To serve the University by providing information and analysis to support data based decision making in support of institutional effectiveness. The office of Institutional Research is responsible for state reporting, statistical reporting, information analysis, data collection and other ad hoc reports.


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Tea time! This little helper holds your tea bag while it steeps and traps the heat in the cup in the process. After the tea has steeped, use the Tea Bag Buddy™ to lift and squeeze excess tea from the bag. Turn it over and it holds your used tea bag.
- Made from silicone
- Microwave- and dishwasher-safe


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|Signing of the Armistice
Today is Veterans Day in the United States. It is an annual holiday we set aside to honor those who have served in our armed forces. It originally began as Armistice Day on November 11, 1918 at 11 A.M. when the end of World War One was declared and the German and Allies signed the Armistice agreement in Compeigne, France.
|President Woodrow Wilson
One year later, in 1919, President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the day a holiday. Wilson said, "To us in America, the reflections of Armistice Day will be filled with solemn pride in the heroism of those who died in the country's service and with gratitude for the victory, both because of the thing from which it has freed us and because of the opportunity it has given America to show her sympathy with peace and justice in the councils of the nations."
|President Calvin Coolidge
Then in 1926, President Calvin Coolidge issued another declaration for November 11 to be held as an observance of Veterans Day in the U.S. Twelve years later, in 1938, Armistice Day became a legal holiday.
|Korean War Veterans Statues
It was 1953 when shoe repair storeowner Stephan Riod suggested that Armistice Day be expanded to include all living veterans who had fought in a war for this country. U.S. Representative John Salper sponsored the bill in Congress, and President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed it into law on May 26, 1954. Veterans Day would officially be celebrated on November 11 each year.
|Eagles of War
|President Gerald Ford
Then in 1971, the Uniform Monday Holiday Act was passed, calling for all federal holidays to fall on a Monday. This lasted until 1978 when President Ford moved Veterans Day back to November 11, regardless of what day of the week it falls on.
The Buddy Poppy is a familiar sight on Veterans Day. Started in 1922, the VFW (Veterans of Foreign Wars) became the first veteran's organization to sell the poppies on street corners nationally. Disabled and needy veterans still assemble the poppies. They are then sold by other veterans to provide financial assistance for disabled veterans and their families, along with the orphans, widows and widowers of U.S. vets. Almost 90 years later and this tradition continues.
|Tomb of the Unknowns
Ceremonies and parades are held round the country each Veterans Day at national, regional and small town cemeteries around America.
One of the most famous is held at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia. At 11 A.M., a wreath is placed at the Tomb of the Unknowns, also known as the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, by the U.S. Army. This is one of only three events held each year at Arlington that is open to the public.
|President Dwight D. Eisenhower
President Eisenhower expressed his wishes for this day 55 years ago, "I have today signed a proclamation calling upon all of our citizens to observe Thursday, November 11, 1954 as Veterans Day. It is my earnest hope that all veterans, their organizations, and the entire citizenry will join hands to insure proper and widespread observance of this day"
Freedom has a price
A Poppy, in tribute to all the brave veterans
who risked their lives
past and present,
so we might have a future.
So to all the vets out there – Thank You for your dedication, unselfishness, and the sacrifices made in the line of duty serving our country! We appreciate you!!
~ Joy


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MSOL Financial Aid
Student Loans
Entrance or Exit Loan Counseling:
Entrance Counseling (required of all first time borrowers)
Exit Counseling (required of all students entering repayment. i.e.-graduating seniors)
When taking out loans to pay for school, remember you are making an investment. Borrow wisely and only if absolutely necessary to pay for college related costs.
Federal Loans
Please note: Students are advised that if they enter into a Title IV Federal loan, the loan data will be submitted to the National Student Loan Data System (NSLDS), and will be accessible by guaranty agencies, lenders, and institutions determined to be authorized users of the data system. NSLDS information can be accessed here.
Direct Stafford Loans
GRAD PLUS Loans
Alternative Loans
Contact Financial Aid:
Loida Yela
Financial Aid Counselor for MBA & MSOL Students
Phone: (646)378-6124 Fax: (212)226-5794
Address: 2 Washington Street, New York NY 10004
Office Hours: M-F 10am - 6pm and Fridays by appointment only.
Isaac Foster
Director of Student Financial Services
Phone: (646)378-6125
Send a Message
2018-19 Tuition and Fees
Cost per credit: $725
Total Program Cost: $24,450


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"World Maker Faire at NYSCI has become an anticipated experience for New Yorkers and, really, folks from all over the world to see, learn, and do more in the world of making," said vice president, Sherry Huss, of Maker Media. "This year we expect to have more than 70,000 Faire goers over the course of the weekend engage with 650-plus makers who will be exhibiting their amazing projects. As usual, there will be makers representing all types of projects around engineering and technology, health and science, food and sustainability, fashion, crafting, and so much more."
"Once again, World Maker Faire will showcase some of the most talented innovators, scientists, entrepreneurs and thinkers," said Margaret Honey, President and CEO of NYSCI. "With so many new and amazing projects on display, the Faire is sure to delight and inspire anyone who is interested in seeing where the future of creativity will take us."
World Maker Faire New York 2013 will bring back some Faire favorites as well as showcase new makers and their DIY ingenuity. Attendees can expect to see more Young Makers, get the latest on 3D printing and experience the best of maker start-ups. Get hands-on experience and expertise coding with Arduino, Raspberry Pi and BeagleBoards. Learn to sew, knit, crochet or craft and design with a variety of local artisans. Build and fly drones and quadcopters, launch air rockets and marshmallow shooters. Soldering, lock picking, and welding are just a few of the skills you can learn over the weekend of DIYing. Maker movement leaders will be speaking over the weekend on various stages about technology, education, exploration, science, design and more.
World Maker Faire is presented by title sponsor Disney.
"Creativity is the heart and soul of Disney," said Leslie Goodman, senior vice president, Corporate Citizenship at Disney. "We believe that if you can dream it, you can do it. Through our sponsorship of World Maker Faire, we are excited to help bring the best of creativity and innovation to thousands of kids and families. We hope this showcase will inspire the next generation of young makers to create the future they imagine is possible."
Tickets are on sale now for World Maker Faire New York 2013 at http://makerfairenyc.eventbrite.com. Tickets range in price from $10-$35 for a full day pass. Faire visitors can purchase tickets online between now and September 20, 2013, at online advance prices. Tickets can also be purchased at World Maker Faire New York 2013 on September 21 and September 22.
Maker Faire
Created by the editors of MAKE magazine, Maker Faire is a family-friendly showcase of invention, creativity and resourcefulness, and a celebration of the Maker movement. The original Maker Faire event was held in San Mateo, CA and in May 2013 celebrated its eighth annual show with some 900 makers and 120,000 people in attendance. World Maker Faire New York, the other flagship event, has grown in just four years and expects over 600 makers and 70,000 attendees this September. Detroit, Kansas City, Newcastle (UK), Rome, and Tokyo are the home of "featured" 2013 Maker Faires (200+ makers), and community-driven, independently organized Mini Maker Faires are now being produced around the United States and the world. For more information about Maker Faire, visit makerfaire.com.
Calendar Editors
A celebration of DIY culture, World Maker Faire New York 2013 runs Saturday-Sunday, September 21-22, at the New York Hall of Science, 47-01 111th St., Corona, NY, 11368. Saturday, 10 am to 7 pm; Sunday, 10 am to 6 pm. $10-$35; ages 2 and under are free. Visit http://www.makerfaire.com for all the details. To purchase tickets, including weekend passes: http://makerfaire2013.eventbrite.com/
Social Media
Follow us on Twitter: @ makerfaire, @nysci
Friend us on Facebook: http://facebook.com/worldmakerfaire; http://facebook.com/nysci
Tweet this: MAKE something. Celebrate science and technology projects, art + DIY culture at World #MakerFaire NY, Sep 21-22
World Maker Faire Sponsors
World Maker Faire New York 2013 sponsors include: Title Sponsor: Disney. Goldsmith Sponsors: RadioShack, Zazzle; Silversmith Sponsors: Atmel, Cognizant, Esurance, Ford, Motorola -- A Google Company, PurinaONE, SketchUp, Time Warner Cable ; Coppersmith Sponsors: ASUS, Autodesk, Chobani, Delta Faucet, Epilog Laser, GeekDad, Kraftwurks, littleBits, Shapeways, ShopBot Tools, Vex Robotics
New York Hall of Science
The New York Hall of Science presents 450 exhibits, demonstrations and design spaces that explain science, technology, engineering and math. A visit to NYSCI is a hands-on, energetic educational experience where you can indulge your curiosity and nurture your creativity. NYSCI offers professional development for teachers, produces curricula and resources for classrooms, and studies how technology, gaming and play affect how we learn. NYSCI was founded at the 1964-65 World's Fair and has evolved into New York's center for interactive science serving a half million students, teachers, and families each year.
Maker Media
Maker Media is a global platform for connecting makers with each other, with products and services, and with our partners. Through media, events and ecommerce, Maker Media serves a growing community of makers who bring a DIY mindset to technology. Whether as hobbyists or professionals, makers are creative, resourceful and curious, developing projects that demonstrate how they can interact with the world around them. The launch of MAKE Magazine in 2005, followed by Maker Faire in 2006, jumpstarted a worldwide Maker Movement, which is transforming innovation, culture and education. Located in Sebastopol, CA, Maker Media is the publisher of MAKE Magazine and the producer of Maker Faire. It also develops "getting started" kits and books that are sold in its Maker Shed store as well as in retail channels.
Add to Digg Bookmark with del.icio.us Add to Newsvine
Contact Information PRESS QUERIES ONLY Bridgette Vanderlaan Email Contact (727) 278-2888 Mary Record Email Contact (718) 595-9123


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Identity Theft and Fraud Cases Relatively Low in Montana
A new report issued by the Federal Trade Commission reveals relatively low rates of both fraud and identity theft reports in Montana.
For fraud, Montanans reported 3,729 cases. When averaged with other states per 100,000 people Montana ranks 39th out of the fifty states with 371 cases per 100,000. Florida tops the list for fraud with nearly double the number of cases per person.
When it comes to identity theft, Montanas reported 501 cases. When averaged out, there were 49.8 cases in Montana per 100,000 people. Montana ranked 47th on the list and only Hawaii, North Dakota and South Dakota reported fewer instances of identity theft. Once again, Florida tops the list with more than seven times the number of identity theft reports per 100,000 people.


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Featured News - Current News - Archived News - News Categories
The 90th season of the Buffalo Chamber Music Society continues on Tuesday, Nov. 12, with a performance by Buffalo's own Carol Wincenc and the New York Woodwind Quintet. The concert begins at 8 p.m. in the Mary Seaton Room of Kleinhans Music Hall and will preceded at 7:15 p.m. by a "Chat With the Artists" hosted by WNED-FM personality Peter Hall. The program includes works by Reicha, Pavel Haas, Monteverdi, Villa-Lobos and Hindemith.
The quintet will also conduct a master class, open to the public, at Kleinhans Music Hall at 4 p.m. on Tuesday, Nov. 12, the same night as the performance. This class is part of the Buffalo Philharmonic's "Masterclass" series, and is in partnership with the Buffalo Chamber Music Society.
One of the world's most respected and acclaimed flutists, Wincenc will perform with her colleagues from the New York Woodwind Quintet. For almost 60 seasons, the quintethas maintained an active performance schedule in the U.S. and abroad, while also teaching the next generation of woodwind performers. The quintet has commissioned and premiered more than 20 compositions, some of which have become classics of the woodwind repertoire. They include Samuel Barber's "Summer Music," and quintets by Günter Schuller, Ezra Laderman, William Bergsma, Alec Wilder, William Sydeman, Wallingford Riegger, Jon Deak, and Yehudi Wyner.
Tickets for this concert are $20 ($10 for students), and may be purchased online at www.bflochambermusic.org or at the door. For more information, visit the website or call 716-462-4939.


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Questions? E-Mail us at firstname.lastname@example.com
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FlexibleSelect only those Wi-Fi features and services that fit your business needs.
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Features that you are going to LoveOur selection of features gives you the Wi-Fi that YOU want
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Our unique modular service structure means that you only pay for the features and functionality that you want. And the service can be upgraded at any time, so you can start with a Basic Package and then add more Service Modules as needed, or upgrade to one of our Marketing Packages – it's easy!
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Our dynamic self-scaling solution is optimised to support any type of location, from the smallest coffee shop or kiosk to the largest shopping centre or hotel. Our on-site Wi-Fi hardware can securely accommodate many simultaneous users, and our cloud-based back-end servers are designed to handle high volumes of traffic
Our system is fully secure, with Client Isolation enabled by default, so that clients cannot interact with each other, and with additional enhancements to Firewall and security services to prevent illegal and inappropriate activity. These features can be configured individually depending on your package and module selection.
Legal Protection
We have a multi-layered approach to protecting you from liability surrounding the Wi-Fi. It starts with ensuring that every single user has to accept the Terms of Service, explicitly forbidding malicous activities and accepting legal responsibility for anything that might happen while the user is using the system. We also have technical features such as Pirate Blocker to prevent the P2P download of copyrighted material, as well as a robust Content-Filtering solution that prevents access to malicous or unwanted websites.
Customer Communication
The free-hotspot.com system functions as a consumer direct marketing platform that works over the Wi-Fi. Our WMS™ Wi-Fi Messaging Service is powered by Google's DoubleClick™ Ad-Serving platform, which is the "gold standard" of online advertising systems. Our Marketing Packages leverage this system to help you communicate directly with your customers by using our own unique Wi-Fi Survey Platform to advanced Google-powered advertising campaigns.
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We offer full, end-to-end support services for all our HotSpot customers, starting with with our network of local engineering Partners to help install and maintain your Wi-Fi on-site. Once your HotSpot is up and running, we offer a Technical Helpdesk to support you, plus a 24/7 End User Hotline to help your customers.


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Next week, October 6-12 is Fire Prevention Week... do you have an escape plan should a fire break out in your home?
Next week, October 6-12 is Fire Prevention Week... do you have an escape plan should a fire break out in your home?
The theme this year is Prevent Kitchen Fires. Would you know what to do if a grease fire started on your stove? I certainly hope your answer is NOT, put water on it! Adding water to a grease fire is just like adding gasoline to an open flame. Calmly and quickly slide a metal lid across the pan to cover the flames. Do NOT attempt to carry the pan outside which can cause the burning grease to spill and spread the fire. The best fire prevention in the kitchen is to stay in the kitchen while you are cooking.
Thursday Sept. 26 the University of Minnesota released their updated drought monitor. Portions of Southwestern Brown County along with Cottonwood and most of Jackson Counties are in severe drought conditions. We appear to be in a pocket of dryness while around us, the rest of Southern Minnesota is in moderate drought conditions.
Farmers have just started harvesting and while this week we have experienced beautiful fall weather, the risk of fires begins to elevate. Dry field debris gets sucked into moving parts and blocks air from engines. If they are not careful, a spark flies and field equipment or a field is on fire.
An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Care and time. Take time to be sure your equipment is cared for properly and cleaned so air can flow as it should. Carry a fire extinguisher in each piece of equipment you have in the field. Keep your cell phone handy in case you need to call for help.
The best fall is when the beauty of nature becomes evident in the handiwork of our Creator.
Practice E.D.I.T.H. and to our ag community, a safe and abundant harvest.
Thought for the week: Traditional thinkers say, "If it isn't broken, don't fix it." But breakthrough thinkers say, "Fix it before it breaks." – Gerald Nadler.


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Cancer has become a threatening epidemic; and although researchers are actively searching for a solution, they are primarily focused on treating the cancer, as opposed to preventing it. Their research is more aimed at developing expensive drugs that will treat the later stages of cancer, while we should be focusing more on preventing cancer altogether. … *
*Results May VaryContinue reading