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Patent application title: METHOD FOR THE SEMI-AUTOMATIC EDITING OF TIMED AND ANNOTATED DATA
Alexander Faisman (Croton-On-Hudson, NY, US)
Grabarnik Genady (Scarsdale, NY, US)
Dimitri Kanevsky (Ossining, NY, US)
Larisa Shwartz (Scarsdale, NY, US)
International Business Machines Corporation
IPC8 Class:
USPC Class:
Class name: Television nonpictorial data packet in television format including teletext decoder or display
Publication date: 2012-06-14
Patent application number: 20120147264
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A method for editing timed and annotated data includes acquiring a
multimedia data stream; performing a decoding operation upon the
multimedia data stream, wherein the decoded data stream comprises a
textual data stream; synchronizing the multimedia data stream and the
decoded data stream by performing a time stamping operation upon the data
streams; editing the decoded data stream; and realigning the time stamp
data of the edited decoded data stream in order to synchronize the edited
decoded data with the multimedia data stream.
1. A method for editing timed and annotated data, comprising: acquiring a
multimedia data stream; performing a decoding operation upon the
multimedia data stream, wherein the decoded data stream comprises a
textual data stream; synchronizing the multimedia data stream and the
decoded data stream by performing a time stamping operation upon the data
streams; editing the decoded data stream; and realigning the time stamp
data of the edited decoded data stream in order to synchronize the edited
decoded data with the multimedia data stream.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the decoding operation comprises performing at least a transcription function, a translation function, an annotation function, or a summarization function upon the multimedia data stream.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising utilizing an automatic editing process to edit the decoded data stream.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising utilizing a manual editing process to edit the decoded data stream.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the decoded data stream is configured to be edited by manual and automatic processes.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the realigning of the decoded data stream with the multimedia stream further comprises calculating an average time length for the edited decoded data stream, a time length for respective edited data that is comprised within the edited decoded data stream, and the time length of the multimedia data stream.
[0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/624,990, filed Jan. 19, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
[0002] This invention relates to audio and visual multimedia processing systems and particularly to methodologies for editing time and annotated multimedia data.
[0003] Before our invention there were many situations when it is necessary to create a transcription of a multimedia file, wherein the transcription of the multimedia file was synchronized with the original multimedia file. This situation was particularly relevant in fields pertaining to the transcribing and/or translation of multimedia video data, the maintaining of media databases, and the preparation of caption data for televised programming.
[0004] Presently, transcripts of multimedia data are created using either automatic speech recognition (ASR), and/or automatic translation tools. Unfortunately, initial draft transcriptions that have been generated by ASR often have the need to be edited in order to provide the correct textual representation of an original media data stream file. Typically, as a result of the editing process, the time-alignment between various media streams and the edited transcribed/translated text is destroyed. Therefore, there exists a need to provide a cost-effective, standard user-based methodology for the editing of time aligned transcripts, annotations to the time aligned transcripts and translations of the transcripts.
[0005] The shortcomings of the prior art are overcome and additional advantages are provided through the provision of a method for editing timed and annotated data, the method further comprising the steps of acquiring a multimedia data stream, segmenting the multimedia stream into a video data and an audio data stream, wherein the playback times of the video and audio data streams are synchronized, associating playback time annotation indicators with the time synchronized video and audio data streams, wherein discrete playback time annotation indicators of the video data stream segments correlate with discrete playback time annotation indicators of the audio data stream segments, and creating a transcript of the audio data stream.
[0006] The method further comprises the steps of associating the discrete playback time annotation indicators of the audio data stream words, or phrases that are reproduced within the audio data stream with respective corresponding textual representations of the words, or phrases that are comprised within the transcript, editing the transcript of the audio data stream, and outputting the transcript, the video data and audio data streams in a predetermined data format.
[0007] System and computer program products corresponding to the above-summarized methods are also described and claimed herein.
[0008] Additional features and advantages are realized through the techniques of the present invention. Other embodiments and aspects of the invention are described in detail herein and are considered a part of the claimed invention. For a better understanding of the invention with advantages and features, refer to the description and to the drawings.
[0009] The subject matter that is regarded as the invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
[0010] FIG. 1 illustrates one example of a diagram illustrating aspects of functional components that may be implemented within embodiments of the present invention.
[0011] FIG. 2 illustrates one example of a GUI, wherein the GUI displays a screenshot of a window for an editable transcription stream, and a window for a multimedia file that is time-synchronized with the transcription stream.
[0012] FIG. 3 illustrates one example of an HTML formatted output that is displayed within a web browser, wherein the multimedia file and the transcription stream are time-synchronized.
[0013] The detailed description explains the preferred embodiments of the invention, together with advantages and features, by way of example with reference to the drawings.
[0014] One or more exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below in detail. The disclosed embodiments are intended to be illustrative only since numerous modifications and variations therein will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0015] Currently, many situations occur when it is necessary to create, and synchronize a transcription of a multimedia file (i.e., files containing audio and video data components) with the original multimedia file (e.g., transcripts or translations of video files, media databases, captions of television programs, etc . . . ). ASR and automatic translation tools can be used to create initial draft transcriptions of a multimedia file. However, the transcription drafts that are generated by theses tools more so than not will require the further editing of the transcription in order to provide the correct textual representation of the content that has been derived from the original multimedia file. A further, complication that may occur during the editing process of a transcription, is that the time alignment/synchronization that has been established between the multimedia files and a transcription media file is destroyed.
[0016] Thus, aspects of the present invention relate to the editing of transcription data that has been associated with a multimedia data file, while concurrently providing for the preservation of any annotated synchronization data that relates to the transcription data and a respective multimedia file. These aspects of the present invention are automatically accomplished, therefore allowing for the unrestricted editing of time aligned transcription data. And further, the preservation of any time alignment specifications is ensured between the transcription and multimedia data files, without placing any undue burden upon an editing system operator to manually maintain the time alignment annotation between a transcription data file and a multimedia data file. Aspects of the present invention additionally allow for the provision of additional feedback information to an editing system operator, wherein the feedback information is based upon timing information that is associated with edited text pronunciation, which in turn can be used to improve the annotation editing process.
[0017] The present invention is implemented within a computing system environment. The computer system can be a conventional personal computer. As is conventional, the computer can also include hardware and software elements conventionally included in personal computers, wherein the software elements of the programmed computer can comprise elements such as application specific windows, or browsers. The computer system has other hardware and software elements of the types conventionally included in personal computers, such as an operating system. Note, that software components implemented within embodiments of the present invention can be loaded into the computer via read/write storage devices or a network.
[0018] Turning now to the drawings in greater detail, it will be seen that in FIG. 1 there is a block diagram detailing aspects of an embodiment of the present invention. The methodologies of the present invention are initiated by the acquisition of a multimedia data stream file 100, wherein thereafter the multimedia data stream file is separated into its respective media data stream files 105 (i.e., an audio data stream and a video data stream). The respective data stream files that comprise the multimedia data stream are configured to comprise comprehensive time alignment data relating to the data streams, in addition to any annotated information that is associated with the data streams.
[0019] At block 110, a transcription of the audio data stream file is created from the audio data stream; wherein the transcription can be configured as a standard transcription of the audio data stream, a translation of the audio data stream, a listing of annotations that are associated with the audio data stream, or a summarization of the audio data stream. The transcription can be created using any conventionally available ASR conversion tool. The transcription comprises synchronization information that relates the textual elements of the transcription with the original multimedia data stream file from which the transcription was derived. In further aspects of the present invention, a transcriber can manually create a transcription, wherein the transcription can be created with, or without synchronization information that relates the timing of the transcription with the timing information of the original multimedia data stream file.
[0020] The transcription created at block 110 is input to an aligned transcription/multimedia stream editor 115. The aligned transcription/multimedia stream editor 115 comprises an editing software component 120, and an alignment-approximating component 130. The primary function of the editing component 120 is to perform any required transcription text and annotation editing operations. All editorial changes are reported to the alignment-approximating component 130, wherein the alignment-approximating component ensures that the annotated synchronization information relating to the edited transcription is properly aligned with the synchronization information that relates to the multimedia data stream information.
[0021] In further aspects of the present invention, software allowing very fine letter based segmentation, wherein the segmentation is based upon clearly aligned multimedia data to textual data. Further, interpolation that is based on approximation up to the letter level, is implemented in order to edit a transcription, or to add additional details to the annotation information for a transcription. For example, in the event that annotation information describing pitch or emotions, or annotation information that contains translation information for a transcription is necessitated, the existing alignment of the edited transcription and the multimedia data is kept intact. Software component 115 comprises the capability to respectively represent individual characters within a transcription, and annotated information that is associated with a respective character. Annotated information can include, but is not limited to character information, character timing information and character annotation information. In the event that one or more characters are to be inserted into the text of a transcription, then the final calculations in regard to the timing information that is associated with the inserted text is determined based upon on the timing information that is associated with the characters that surround/border the inserted text.
[0022] With aspects of the present invention, annotation information comprises structured timing information, wherein the timing information details how the general timing flow of the multimedia data would be affected by the insertion of the edited data. Structured timing data is currently defined as data that contains timing data for different multimedia data playback speeds (e.g., fast, slow, medium). The insertion of this time data into the overall processing flow relates to the use of contextual data in the determination of the overall speed of the audio/video media data at the editing point. Further, each time an editing operation is performed upon a transcription, the alignment-approximation for the edited transcription data to the multimedia data is recalculated.
[0023] In the event that it is determined that the quality of the transcription text, and the synchronization with the multimedia stream is sufficient, the annotated and/or transcribed multimedia stream information is outputted into a desired data format (e.g., an XML, HTML file or database).
[0024] Yet further aspects of the present invention allow for the provision of feedback to a system user based upon the timing information that is associated with the edited pronunciation of transcription text, which in its turn can also be used to improve the annotation editing process. FIG. 2 shows a screenshot of an editable transcription stream that is synchronized with a media data stream file. The screenshot shows a GUI 200, wherein the GUI 200 is used to display and edit time-aligned transcriptions. The left-side display 205, displays the text of a transcription. All of the textual character data of the transcription is associated with annotated timing information. The right-side display 210 is configured to playback a multimedia data file. The right-side display 210 further comprises multimedia controls, thus allowing for the control of the listening/viewing aspects of a multimedia data.
[0025] During a multimedia data playback operation, transcription text that is time associated with the multimedia data file is highlighted 230 at the left-side display. The highlighted text 230 is associated with the current playback time position 220 of the multimedia data. The playback speed of the multimedia data and the playback length of the multimedia data file are also respectively shown at 225 and 215. The present application further allows for the editing of a transcript in conjunction with the simultaneous listening and viewing of a multimedia data stream file. The timing information that is embedded into the transcription allows for the navigation from the edited text of the transcription to a relational playback position of the media file, and from the playback position of the media file to the text of the transcription during the editing process. A system user has only to select a character, word, or phrase in the text, and the multimedia file will travel to the corresponding synchronized point within the multimedia playback. Conversely, a user can select a multimedia data playback position, and the text that is synchronized with the playback position of the multimedia file will accordingly be highlighted.
[0026] FIG. 4 shows outputted HTML formatted multimedia and transcription time-synchronized data streams. The screenshot of a browser 300 represents sample output data, demonstrating one of many benefits of having transcription text synchronized with a multimedia data stream file. In this example, the annotated timing information that is, embedded into the transcription text was used to generate an HTML (DHTML) application. The multimedia playback window 310 on the left side of the browser 300 is associated with the highlighted text 330 on the right side 305 to show the current text. As mentioned above, a system user also can click on any text on the right side 305 to make the playback of the multimedia data stream file travel to a corresponding position. Thus, an automatic generation of the HTML application is made possible due to the dynamic real-time editing of the transcription text data.
[0027] The capabilities of the present invention can be implemented in software, firmware, hardware or some combination thereof.
[0028] As one example, one or more aspects of the present invention can be included in an article of manufacture (e.g., one or more computer program products) having, for instance, computer usable media. The media has embodied therein, for instance, computer readable program code means for providing and facilitating the capabilities of the present invention. The article of manufacture can be included as a part of a computer system or sold separately.
[0029] The flow diagram depicted herein is just an example. There may be many variations to the diagram or the steps (or operations) described therein without departing from the spirit of the invention. For instance, the steps may be performed in a differing order, or steps may be added, deleted or modified. All of these variations are considered a part of the claimed invention.
[0030] While the preferred embodiment to the invention has been described, it will be understood that those skilled in the art, both now and in the future, may make various improvements and enhancements which fall within the scope of the claims which follow. These claims should be construed to maintain the proper protection for the invention first described.
Patent applications by Alexander Faisman, Croton-On-Hudson, NY US
Patent applications by Dimitri Kanevsky, Ossining, NY US
Patent applications by Larisa Shwartz, Scarsdale, NY US
Patent applications by International Business Machines Corporation
Patent applications in class Including teletext decoder or display
Patent applications in all subclasses Including teletext decoder or display
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Latin American e-Commerce Platform Linio Partners With Digital Agency AdBirds
AMSTERDAM, February 19, 2018 /PRNewswire/ --
Earlier this month, Latin American e-Commerce platform Linio and international digital agency AdBirds entered into a strategic partnership, aimed at extending Linio's digital market reach.
Latin America is the fastest growing e-Commerce region worldwide. Linio's platform, www.linio.com.mx [http://www.linio.com.mx ], connects international sellers with this vast potential of consumers looking for products from abroad. Linio is eager to take full advantage of the possibilities and with AdBirds' expertise is ready to take the next step in its digital expansion. AdBirds offers a unique model, with a senior management team comprised of top level executives from Fortune 500 companies, complemented by a global team of exclusively former Google employees. The newly signed partnership will focus on Linio's digital strategies and implementations, including digital marketing and e-Commerce.
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AdBirds will also benefit from this new partnership, as it allows them to expand their presence in Latin America and further establish their global reach.
Contact details AdBirds: Rens den Hollander, Director Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Phone: +31-6-21-66-95-68
Website: www.adbirds.global [http://www.adbirds.global ] www.linkedin.com/company/adbirds [http://www.linkedin.com/company/adbirds ] facebook.com/adbirds.global [http://www.facebook.com/adbirds.global ]
Contact details Linio: Paulina Maza, PR Manager Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Website: www.linio.com.mx [http://www.linio.com.mx ] Social @LinioMexico
SOURCE AdBirds

subset: commoncrawl


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|Martyrdom of St. Sophia
On this day we commemorate the martyrdom of St. Sophia. She was not Christian, yet she used to go to the church frequently with her Christian neighbours. As she was longing to become Christian, she went to the Bishop of Manf and he instructed her and baptized her.
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She prayed and asked God to forgive the Governor and his soldiers for killing her, bowed her head and was martyred. A Christian lady gave the soldiers a large amount of money, took her body and wrapped it in expensive clothes and kept it in her house. Many wonders happened from her body. On her feast day people used to see a bright light coming out of her body and smelled fine perfume.
When King Constantine the righteous was enthroned and heard the story of Saint Sophia he commanded the transfer of her body to the City of Constantinople. He built a great church in her name in which he laid her body.


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Happy Shopping!
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A/N: Here it is! The much delayed update. SHORT lang but I hope you like it.
Knock, knock …
"Hay naku.. Nabingi nanaman ang aking bestie. I betcha nag babake at in the zone nanaman kaya walang marinig."
"Feirygood mudra at the door." Emman texted
Ring, ring…. "No answer. Hmmm."
"Wala pa rin.. asan na kaya ang aking favorite friendship?"
Knock, knock … "Hmmp!"
"Where na nga ang susi ng condo ni Bestie." Emman rummaged through his man purse.
"Luke baby… Ninong Menman is here! " Emman happily announced himself as he entered the door.
Emman found Maya sitting at the sofa, eyes closed. Luke was desperately trying to escape his mother's tight embrace.
"Mom. Luke play aeroplen." Luke pleaded.
"Mom. Mom. Aeroplen." Luke repeated.
"Bestie?" Emman called out. Emman cannot believe the sight in front of him.
Luke heard Emman and he called out "Ninon, aeroplen."
Emman rushed to his friend's side. He gently touched her hand, slowly prying her tight grip on Luke.
"Tenchu Ninon." Luke happily jumped out of his mother's lap and skipped to his toy chest to fish out one of his favorire airplane.
Maya simply said. "He just left. I told him about Luke."
"Ok." Emman quietly said. He knew right away what she meant. She was fearing this for a long time and now it finally happened. He can feel the sadness and fear in her voice.
Tears slowly fell from her eyes.
"His lawyers will contact me daw." She continued.
"Emman, he will take my son. He will take my son." Maya cringed at the thought and started to cry.
Emman hugged his friend.
"Maya, what did he say exactly? Hindi niya basta-basta makukuha si Luke." Emman tried to console his friend.
Then she suddenly disentangled herself from Emman.
"Emman, He is going to take Luke. I have to do something, I have to do something! I will not let him take my son," Resolve can be heard in her voice.
She stood up and like a mad woman made a dash for the bedroom.
Emman was relived to see Luke was busy with his plane that he dd not see his mom run out.
"Luke baby. diyan ka lang muna." Emman said in a sing-song tone as he stepped out of the room.
"Maya! Maya! Anong sinasabi mo? Para kang nasiSISA diyan." He saw his friend frantically stuffing her suitcase with Luke's clothes and her clothes.
"We have to leave! We need to escape before his lawyers comes." Maya said while continuing to put toys in her suitcase.
"Maya, Bestie. You are not making sense." Emman said. "Sit down, calm down ka muna diyan."
"He said his lawyers will contact me. I will not wait for that to happen Emman."
"Do you think he will just take Luke from you? Baka naman may gusto lang niya ng visitation rights. I dont he will be that mean to cut you off from Luke's life. Baka joint custody lang gusto. Uy,, baka reconciliation ?"
Maya glared at Emman.
"Hmmph! Huwag ka nga padalosdalos at baka kidnapping ang macharge sa iyo"
"Best friend ba kita? Bakit di ka supportive?" Maya lashed out at Emman.
When she realized what she said, she looked at him and apologized but continued to stuff her bags. "Emman, sorry ah. I know you are playing devil's advocate pero medyo under stress lang."
"Dont worry bestie." Emman took the necessary steps to stand in front of his friend and hugged her.
"Maya" Emman continued. " I am just asking you to think and be practical. Eh, where will you go? May plano ka na ba? Saan kayo kukuha ng pera? Eh kung magkasakit si Luke? Gaano kayo katagal magtatago?"
"Hindi ko alam. Hindi ko alam. Kahit saan basta malayo dito." Maya answered in between her sobs.
"Paano ang business mo? Yung stall mo sa Salcedo Market? Marami ka nang followers Maya, bigla mo na lang iiwan?" Emman tried to reason.
"Emman, makakapagumpisa ako kahit saan, basta kasama ko si Luke!" She was very determined.
"Atttorney. Yes… Not a corporate case … It is a personal case I want you to handle with the best lawyers you can find…." Richard did not waste time in contacting his lawyer like he told Maya.
Manang Fe's interest was piqued. She was listening behind the home office door. She did not plan to spy but she saw RIchard enter the house with a very serious face, a face she has not seen for a long time.
"I went to Maya's condo… my son… Luke.. birth certificate. Yes… Listed as the father"
She just knew his anger was due to Maya. And she was proven right with what she just heard.
"Si Maya, nagbalik na pala from Singapore. At nanganak na, Hindi na kasi sumagot sa mga text ko. Naintindihan ko rin naman, naaalala niya si Ricardo kapag kausap ako. " She reasoned to herself.
"..I want her to suffer.. She is not fit…I.WANT. SOLE. CUSTODY!"
" Sole Custody? Suffer? Not again! " Napabuntong hininga si Manang Fe. Richard had moved on, ngayon galit nanaman. Ano kaya ang dapat kong gawin?"
Manang Fe summoned her courage when she heard the phone conversation end, She has to do something. she just knew it. She knocked on the door and she found Richard pacing… thinking…
"Gusto mo ng kape, Ricardo?" For some reason, coffee calms him down.
"Manang, salamat po. Mamaya na lang po."
Manang just stood there looking at him.
"May kailangan pa kayo, Manang?"
"Merienda, gusto mo? May cake tayo at gusto mo igawa kita ng …"
Richard got irritated. He wanted to plot and plan his revenge but Manang Fe is just delaying him. He knew she wanted to tell him something, and was just trying to find the words.
"Manang. diretchuhin mo na kasi. Ano ba ang gusto mong sabihin? Kailangan ba dagdagan ang budget? kailangan mong magbakasyon? Ano?"
"Nariinig ko ang usapan ninyo ng abogado mo. Bumalik na pala si Maya at si Luke galing ng SIngapore."
"Alam ninyo ang tungkol kay Luke?" Richard cannot believe what he was hearing. "Ako lang ba ang walang alam na may anak ako?" His voice was an octave higher.
"Hindi na importante yon, ang importante ay alam mo na ngayon. Ang importante ay ano ang plano mo." Manang did not want to be intimidated by Richard.
"I am filing for SOLE CUSTODY. Yan ang plano ko." Richard was mad. All the anger he thought he was able to let go just came rushing back.
"Ricardo, paano si Maya? Siya ang nanay, kailangan ng anak ang nanay at …"
Richard interrupted her "At AKO ang tatay! AKO! Kailangan din ng anak ang tatay! Mas kailangan ako ng anak ko! Anak ko si Luke." He was really upset.
He has been saying that he has a child but the reality has not sinked in until now.
"May anak na ako, Manang Fe" Richard said softly. He looked at Manang Fe teary eyed.
"Ang guapo ng aking anak Manang. Luke Andrew ang pangalan niya.Hindi ko nakunan ng litrato pero kamukha ko,guapo. " Richard smiled when he realized what he just said.
"Si Maya, nakita ko rin si Maya, Manang Fe. Lalo siyang gumanda, Manang. Bagay sa kanya ang maging Mommy" Richard excitedly said. Then he stopped surprised by what he just said.
Napangiti si Manang Fe. She knew this was the segue to what she wanted to tell Richard.
"Ricardo, may ibibigay ako sa iyo." Manang Fe took out the little black book from its hiding place in Richard's office and handed it to Richard.
Richard was amazed with what Manang Fe just gave him.
"Kay Maya ito, naiwan niya noong umalis siya. Hindi ko alam paano ko ibabalik kaya itinago ko na lang dito. Hindi ko binasa yan. Hindi para sa akin ang mga kwento diyan. Hindi naman siguro masama kung mabasa mo. Alam kong matutulungan ka ng mga nakasulat diyan maintindihan ng lubusan si Maya."
Richard started to leaf through the pages. Manang Fe saw a range of emotions go through Richard's face.
"Manang, salamat po at ipinagkatiwala niyo sa akin itong diary ni Maya. Pagiingatan ko po ito."
"Sana mabago ang iyong plano tungkol sa sole custody, anak. Hindi masamang tao si Maya. Alam kong namiss mo siya at mahal na mahal mo siya. Lalo na ngayon at may anak na kayo."
Richard nodded. "Salamat Manang sa paalala. Bale wala ang lahat ng kayamanan at karangalan tinatamasa ko ngayon kung wala akong mahal sa buhay sa tabi ko." He said as he slowly turned his attention to the little black book that can change his life.


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Pregnancy and flying - whether expectant mothers in the plane?
Expectant mothers also have to make the flights on the plane. This may be due to work or planned pregnancy before the long-awaited vacation, which you do not want to cancel.
Before you go on a trip, you should first think about how you move the flight. Typically, the first few months of pregnancy, many suffer being in good enough and the air without any discomfort and complications. However, you should consult with your doctor, because if there is a threat of miscarriage, the change in pressure in an aircraft may lead to undesirable consequences, posing a threat both for the child and for most mothers. Even if the pregnancy is good, you need to think about whether the stress will not fly as fear and stress can lead to premature birth. If it is decided not to abandon the trip, you need to ensure maximum comfort on the road. To do this, choose a place where there is a roomy - as a rule, this is the first row or the same space at the emergency exits. When money available is better to give preference to business class. Please note that, when choosing a place in the rear of the plane, you will feel much more turbulence, which may adversely affect the fetus and your health. During the flight, try to move more - get up, when you can, change your position in the chair. To avoid edema, it is possible to use special stockings. During the flight in the aircraft is constantly working air conditioning and ventilation, which leads to drying of the nasal mucosa and the appearance of the common cold and sore throat unpleasant. To avoid this, drink more water, without fear of edema. Before buying a ticket to check airline rules, because some airlines do not take on board women who have gestational age more than 36 weeks. In the period from 30 to 36 weeks may require a doctor's note, and the signing of the guarantee obligation requiring your responsibility for the consequences of the flight, not airlines. If during the flight something went wrong - immediately inform the flight attendant. If necessary, at the airport of arrival you will be greeted ambulance. The most important thing - to tune in the flight of a positive, and then the time on the plane will fly by and you will get the trip pleasant emotions.


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Environmental Concerns and Sustainable Development: Some perspectives from India
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- Title:Environmental Concerns and Sustainable Development: Some perspectives from India
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At the dawn of this 21st century, environmental concerns have received utmost attention from all segments of human society. The extreme abuse of nature and ruthless hunt for material happiness are the reasons for post-enlightenment destruction of the environment. Many consider the issues related to environmental degradation as an environmental crisis . During the last century, humans have been exploiting nature not merely for need but also for greed. Environmentally-concerned individuals call for immediate action to stop being greedy and act positively. In India too this environmental awareness is fast spreading and the Honourable Supreme Court of India has directed the Central and state governments to introduce courses regarding environmental issues at all levels of education. This book is a compilation of research results pertaining to development, environment, and sustainable development in the form of articles.
Section I: Development and Environmental Concerns
Development and displacement in tribal areas
Sustainable development and liberalization: environmental challenges
Environmental challenges and human security in the Himalayas
Environmental rehabilitation and livelihood impact: some emerging trends and concerns from Tigray (Ethiopia) and Gujarat (India)
People s response to environmental challenges: case of Goa Bachao Abhiyan
An Empiricial analysis of environmental impact of population, affluence, and technology
What do we do with the garbage? Garbage not in my backyard syndrome in Goa
Impact of environmental degration on women
Displacement and the right to life: implications for the North East
Development-included displacement, resettlement, and rehabilitation in Orissa
Adverse impact of development-induced displacement in the mining sector
Section II: Sustainable development practices
Organic produce supply chains for sustainable agri-food systems and livelihoods: case studies of organic basmati rice in India
How genuine is people s participation in sustainable forest development? a case of community forest management in Andhra Pradesh
The law on sustainable development in India: a review of judicial and legislative initiatives
Land and water management practices in Warana region: implications for sustainable agriculture
Sustainability through people s participation in the health sector
Organic farming and sustainable development: role of government and non-governmental organizations


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By Ruth Winter
Every little thing you want to find out about the protection and efficacy of cosmetics and cosmeceuticals.
Is it a beauty? A drug? A nutrient? It's changing into increasingly more tricky to inform the variation with the beauty businesses combining the 3. and in contrast to with meals ingredients, the FDA has little regulate over what is going into the goods that declare to make you glance extra beautiful–even notwithstanding cosmeceuticals (cosmetics that purport to have druglike advantages) have skyrocketed right into a multibillion-dollar undefined.
So earlier than you slather on that "wrinkle-reducing" cream or swallow a "skin-rejuvenating"vitamin, discover what's on your beauty and health items with A Consumer's Dictionary of beauty Ingredients. This up to date and elevated version can provide the proof you must guard yourself and your loved ones from attainable irritants, complicated chemical names, and the exaggerated claims of gimmicky ingredients. With 800 new components present in toiletries, cosmetics, and cosmeceuticals–everything starting from shampoo to shaving cream, tub creams to Botox–this alphabetically geared up consultant evaluates all of them, and comprises specific info for kids and for individuals of color.
A Consumer's Dictionary of beauty Ingredients is extra integral than ever to an individual who cares concerning the health and wellbeing of themselves and their family.
Read Online or Download A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients (Revised and Updated 7th Edition) PDF
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Extra info for A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients (Revised and Updated 7th Edition)
Sample text
E. 1948. " Bell System Technical Journal, 27:379–425, 623–656; July, October; Bell Labs, Murray Hill, New Jersey. , S. M. Finkel, and D. Slavin (editors). 2008. Strategies for Risk Communication: Evolution, Evidence, Experience. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 1128, 2008 (April). New York Academy of Sciences, New York. Waddell, C. 1995. " Technical Communication Quarterly, 4(2):201–216. qxd 22 5/21/2009 7:39 AM Page 22 APPROACHES TO COMMUNICATING RISK ADDITIONAL RESOURCES Hannigan, J.
Risk=Hazard+Outrage . . " Videotape course presented by Peter M. Sandman. C. Sandman, P. M. 1989. " In Effective Risk Communication: The Role and Responsibility of Government and Nongovernment Organizations, edited by V. T. Covello, D. B. McCallum, and M. T. Pavlova, pp. 45–49. Plenum Press, New York. Sandman, P. M. 2003. " The Synergist (Journal of the American Industrial Hygiene Association), April:26–27. qxd 5/21/2009 7:43 AM Page 23 3 LAWS THAT MANDATE RISK COMMUNICATION Although many organizations have realized that it is good business practice to keep communities and interested parties aware of potential risks, risk communication is still often conducted as a result of a law, regulation, or other government inducement.
Emel, R. Goble, J. X. Kasperson, and S. Ratick. 1988. " Risk Analysis 8:177–187. Kasperson, R. E. 1986. " In Hazards: Technology and Fairness, pp. 118–144, National Academy of Engineering/National Academy Press, Washington, DC. , and D. Powell. 2005. Mad Cows and Mother's Milk: The Perils of Poor Risk Communication (2nd edition). McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Morgan, M. , B. Fischhoff, A. Bostrom, L. Lave, and C. J. Atman. 1992. " Environmental Science Technology, 26(11):2048–2056.


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NGOs - SDGs
Junior Achievement Nigeria Is Going Digital!
Junior Achievement Nigeria Executive Director, Simi Nwogugu
Dear Friends,
November has been such a rollercoaster month! We were so thrilled to find out on November 5 that we had been selected as one of twelve finalists for the Google Impact Challenge — out of 5,000 applications!!! We spent the majority of the month canvassing for votes and it really brought home to us how wide our network is — from the alumni who kept sharing on their social media platforms to our teachers, volunteers, Board Members and partners who kept circulating the link on WhatsApp! In fact, I walked into a potential donor's office ready to introduce JAN only for her to tell me she had received WhatsApp messages from at least six sources (none of whom were connected) telling her to vote for JAN! WOW!!!
Thank you so much for your votes, shares, prayers, and encouragement! Though we did not win the People's Choice Award, we walked away with $125,000 that will go a LONG way towards expanding our Company Program to more people through digital channels. THANK YOU!!! And thank you so much Google.org for dedicating two million dollars ($2,000,000!!!) to enabling 12 non-profits in Nigeria to improve their communities!
As the year draws to a close, our participation in the Google Challenge enabled us to recognize some things: we are really blessed with an awesome network of friends and I'm really blessed with a dedicated team of soldiers! The staff at JAN in every location worked hard to make this grant a reality and the fact that we scaled through many hoops to get to finalist is a testament to the validity of the work we do in Nigeria. Thank you to every member of the JAN team from senior managers to the newest interns who all worked together to show the world how important our work is. Thanks to them (and you!), we can now make our digital transformation strategy a reality!
Speaking of digital transformation, part of the anxiety around doing more programs on digital platforms has been the risk of exposing our young students to the dangers of the Internet, so when Facebook approached us about partnering with them to conduct an online safety training for our students, we jumped at the chance!!! SafeOnline, a series of classroom sessions on online safety conducted in partnership with Facebook and CCHub, kicked off this month in Lagos, Abuja, and Ibadan with plans to expand to all our cities in January. We believe in partnerships and this was another special one because (again!) it involves a JAN alum at CCHub partnering with us to coordinate the project.
And speaking of special projects, a VERY special project drew to a close with a VERY special graduation ceremony! When our Board Members decided it was time for JAN to contribute towards efforts to rehabilitate internally displaced persons (IDP) in the Northeast, we weren't really sure what that would mean but we took on the challenge. Now over a year later, thanks to a $150,000 grant from Citi Foundation, we are so proud of the 240 youth in the Bakassi IDP Camp who participated in our ITS TYME entrepreneurial training program because they not only attended all sessions but through their businesses (varying widely from fashion design to leather goods making to farming) have demonstrated true understanding of what it means to be an entrepreneur.
Our judges were so impressed by the businesses exhibited at the ITS TYME business plan competition that took place in Maiduguri this week that they felt compelled to give more than the top three businesses prize money and ended up sharing prize money among another seven teams beyond the top three to arrive at a top 10!!!! We are confident that with these brand new entrepreneurs, Borno is on its way to being restored to its former glory as a prime trading area for Nigeria and its Northeastern neighbors. I'm very grateful to NEEM Foundation for partnering with us to make this project a roaring success!
As I said, it has been a rollercoaster month, but we have enjoyed every minute of the ride and look forward to partnering with you to do more for our youth!
JA Nigeria
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NGOs - SDGs
Merck Foundation CEO together with The First Lady of Central African Republic meets 100 infertile women
Merck Foundation awards the First Lady of Central African Republic to acknowledge her efforts to empower infertile women as ambassador for Merck More than a Mother
BANGUI, Central African Republic, December 5, 2018. Merck Foundation (Merck-Foundation.com) underscored their partnership with the First Lady and ministry of Health of Central African Republic – C.A.R.; Merck Foundation awards the First Lady of Central African Republic to acknowledge her efforts to empower infertile women as ambassador for Merck More than a Mother.
Merck Foundation CEO, Dr. Rasha Kelej together with H.E. MADAM BRIGITTE TOUADERA, The First Lady of Central African Republic – C.A.R. & Merck more than a Mother Ambassador, conducted a special meeting with more than 100 infertile women who have been enrolled in the "Empowering Berna" to establish small businesses for them.
"Empowering Berna" is special project part of Merck more than a Mother campaign initiated by Merck Foundation for underprivileged infertile women who can no longer be treated, to establish small businesses and train them to be able to generate steady monthly income.
H.E. MADAM BRIGITTE TOUADERA, The First Lady of Central African Republic & Merck more than a Mother Ambassador emphasized "It is great initiative by Merck Foundation to empower our women by improving their access to information, knowledge and through capacity building to start their own business. Thus, they will be independent and lead a respectable life. This way they can comprehend their rights, roles and responsibilities and be more than mothers."
Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation & President Merck More than A Mother emphasized, "It is very important to empower infertile women by providing treatment so they can bear children as part of their human rights. Butfor those who cannot be treated anymore, our initiative 'Empowering Berna' will help to train them to establish their own small business so that they can be independent and re-build their own lives. We truly believe that a woman is a lot more than just a mother. We should also encourage men to speak up about their infertility and support their wives. We will also help young couple to find proper access to fertility care by providing training to fertility specialists as we did for oncologists and diabetes specialists. Our vision is to establish a strong platform of health specialists in the country and the rest of Africa".
Merck Foundation also underscored their commitment to build healthcare capacity in the country. During the committee meeting, many new programs were finalized and launched in partnership with the Ministry of Health of C.A.R.
Merck foundation acknowledged and awarded the First Lady of Central African Republic for her efforts as "Merck more than a Mother" Ambassador in Central African Republic.
Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation & President Merck More than A Mother, together with H.E. MADAM BRIGITTE TOUADERA, The First Lady of Central African Republic & Merck more than a Mother Ambassador pledged to support more childless women through Merck more than a Mother campaign. In partnership with the First Lady and ministry of health, Merck foundation will also provide clinical training on fertility specialty to improve access to quality and equitable fertility care in the country.
Merck Foundation has discussed with the H.E. President of Central African Republic, H.E. FAUSTIN-ARCHANGE TOUADÉRA, their long term partnership to build healthcare capacity in the country which he strongly endorsed and supported.
Merck Foundation also approved a list of candidates to be enrolled in their one and two year oncology fellowship program as a contribution to improve cancer care in the country. Moreover, they will also provide on-line diabetes diplomas in French for Doctors from C.A.R as well as cardiovascular preventive medicines fellowship in Asia.
About Merck Foundation:
The Merck Foundation (Merck-Foundation.com), established in 2017, is the philanthropic arm of Merck KGaA Germany, aims to improve the health and wellbeing of people and advance their lives through science and technology. Our efforts are primarily focused on improving access to innovative healthcare solutions in underserved communities, building healthcare and scientific research capacity and empowering people in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) with a special focus on women and youth. All Merck Foundation press releases are distributed by e-mail at the same time they become available on the Merck Foundation Website. Please go to Merck-Foundation.com to read more and/or register online to interact and exchange experience with our registered members.
About Merck:
Merck is a leading science and technology company in healthcare, life science and performance materials. Almost 53,000 employees work to further develop technologies that improve and enhance life – from biopharmaceutical therapies to treat cancer or multiple sclerosis, cutting-edge systems for scientific research and production, to liquid crystals for smartphones and LCD televisions. In 2017, Merck generated sales of € 15.3 billion in 66 countries.
Founded in 1668, Merck is the world's oldest pharmaceutical and chemical company. The founding family remains the majority owner of the publicly listed corporate group. Merck holds the global rights to the Merck name and brand. The only exceptions are the United States and Canada, where the company operates as EMD Serono, MilliporeSigma
SOURCE: Merck Foundation
NGOs - SDGs
New Africa's Sustainable Development report urges improved planning to leverage potential of urbanization and address attendant environmental challenges
The latest report on Africa's sustainable development urges governments to strengthen their urban planning capacities to manage the potential of the region's ever-expanding cities and address environmental challenges including climate change, droughts and floods.
The 2018 Africa Sustainable Development Report titled "Transformation towards a sustainable and resilient continent" was launched on Tuesday 4 December during a special event held at the 13th Africa Economic Conference in Kigali, Rwanda.
In one of its key findings, the report indicates that the proportion of Africans (excluding North African) with access to safe water was 23.7 percent, barely one third of the global average of 71 per cent, which is generally low by global standards and characterized by wide disparities between and within countries.
The 2018 ASDR finds that access to electricity in Africa is increasing, albeit at a pace lower than the population growth, and that the continent's abundant renewable energy potential remains largely untapped.
Africa is the fastest urbanizing region globally, but the potential benefits are not yet fully exploited; Efficiency in energy use is improving but reliance on biomass poses a challenge to progress. Africa outperforms most of the world's regions in the conservation and sustainable use of its mountain resources.
The report finds that countries such as Kenya, Morocco, South Africa and Tunisia, which rank high on science and innovation in Africa, invest a relatively higher share of their GDP in research and development than their peers and provide higher incentives for the private sector to carry out research than the rest of sub-Saharan Africa.
The report is a joint annual publication of the African Union Commission (AUC), the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), the African Development Bank, and the United Nations Development Programme – Regional Bureau for Africa (UNDP-RBA).
Speaking on behalf of the various organizations that co-authored the report, various distinguished panellists present at the launch made the following comments.
Victor Harison, AUC Commissioner for Economic Affairs: "There is an urgent need to sustainably manage Africa's diverse natural resources, including land and water for agriculture, forests, minerals, oil and gas."
Chidozie Emenuga, Divisional Manger, African Development Institute of the African Development Bank: "This definitive report clearly documents the extant trends, opportunities and challenges facing the continent as it marches towards attainment of its development goals. The Bank's input in the report aligns with our role as a knowledge partner, fostering the development of our regional member states."
Adam Elhiraika, ECA Director of the Macroeconomics and Governance Division: "Africa has made progress in the six areas targeted by the report though much more still needs to be done. The report is crucial as it points us in the right direction as we seek to accelerate progress on the SDGs to eradicate poverty, address climate change and build peaceful, inclusive societies for all by 2030."
Ayodele Odusola, UNDP Africa Chief Economist and Head of Strategy and Analysis said: "Robust innovation systems that drive urbanization and sanitation require a sound infrastructure that connects the science community and researchers to the private sector and the government. This in turn is vital for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and Agenda 2063."
This year, the report cast its focus on five of the 2030 Agenda's Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 6 – Clean water and sanitation; SDG 7 – Affordable and clean energy; SGD 11 – Sustainable cities and communities; SDG 12 – Responsible consumption and production; and SDG 15 – Life on Land; and the related objectives contained in Agenda 2063, the African Union's development framework. The 2018 ASDR also includes a chapter on the role of Science, Technology and Innovation as an important means of implementing Goal 17: Partnership for the goals.
The annual Africa Sustainable Development Report is the only publication that simultaneously tracks the continent's performance on both agendas using the Continental Results Framework endorsed by the African Union Heads of State and Government.
African Development Bank
NGOs - SDGs
287 Girls Graduate from Childhood to Womanhood without 'The Cut'
It is 'cutting season.'
A few years ago at this time of the year, thousands of girls in Rombo Ward, Oloitokitok, Kajiado County would face the circumciser's knife.
Today, communities in Oloitokitok are slowly embracing Alternative Rite of Passage (ARP) for girls, a ceremony that replaces and Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) and girls transition into womanhood without being circumcised.
After finishing a three-day ARP training programme where they were taught about reproductive health, child rights, harmful and good cultural practises among the Maasai community, 287 girls between the ages nine and 16 years proudly graduated at Olmapinu Primary School in Rombo Village on Saturday, December 1.
The elders who are custodians of culture and traditions blessed the girls and declared their commitment to protect them against the deeply rooted harmful cultural practise.
Sixty year old Chief Moran Martine Leshinka who heads Rombo village elders is a dedicated elder whose mission is to convince all Maasai elders to advocate against FGM/C.
"Given how some elders still believe in FGM/C, it has been hard to convince some of them to stop the practise. However, we have come a long way. Today, a number of elders have changed their minds and are now against FGM. As elders, we have set our own target to end FGM in our community by 2020," said Mr Leshinka.
The young Maasai men (Morans) who marry the circumcised girls were also at the ceremony to publicly vow to support girls against FGM in the community. They pledged to stop FGM, protect young girls who are at risk of going through the harmful practise and not refuse to marry the uncut girls.
On the day of her graduation, 14 year old Damaris Siyangoi, a class seven pupil at Soit Primary school says she is excited and happy to be a woman without the cut. She has two sisters who were all circumcised and married off immediately. They were not lucky to finish school.
Damaris said the series of ARP trainings she has participated in since the age of nine years have helped her understand her rights and why FGM/C is dangerous.
"I warned my parents not to plan any FGM/C ceremony for me because I could report them to the chief. My bravery made them respect my decision. I have no fear to tell my friends who are at risk of going through the cut that it is their right to refuse the harmful tradition."
Addressing the crowd as Miss ARP Rombo 2018, Naomi Ndaine, a form two student at Rombo girls said,
"I feel empowered to confidently raise awareness and educate people about the real dangers of FGM in my community."
The ARP ceremony was organised by Enduet Women group with support from Amref Health Africa in Kenya through the Alternative Rite of Passage and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (ARPWASH) project, Child Fund, the Anti-FGM board and the County Government of Kajiado. The group led by its Chairlady Mrs Anastacia Mashindana is a community-based organisation in Rombo that works to eradicate FGM, fight for the rights of children and an end to child marriages.
The colourful event was attended by the Director of Amref Health Africa in Germany, the First Lady of Kajiado County, Amref Health Africa in Kenya ARP/WASH project Manager Mr Lugayo Denge and various county and community leaders. The event also saw the participation of the wider population, Chiefs , leaders of the nyumba kumi and elders.
About Amref's ARPWASH project:
ARPWASH project is a three-year project designed to improve Sexual Reproductive Health Services and Rights (SRHR) among adolescent girls and women of reproductive age in Kajiado County through integrated ARP and WASH interventions.
The project integrates ARP and WASH by addressing WASH as a priority and entry point for FGM/C, menstrual hygiene management, school drop outs, early child and forced marriage as well as teenage pregnancy.
The project has so far trained:
- 78 teachers and 50 Trainers of Trainees (TOT) on the dangers of FGM/C
- 24 traditional female circumcisers on alternative sources of live hoods instead of the 'cut'
- 1,225 girls have been trained as ARP champions to advocate against FGM/C and promote education for girls.
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Name: Val Brotherton
Alma, Mo
Mar 29, 2017 3:14 PM CST
|Are there any commercial growers of Goji berries in the mid-west? I have started a business growing them and would like to connect with other growers in my area.
Val Brotherton
Sunrise Goji Berries
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Originally Posted by panraven
Nice, let's see how long the cheats last.
I don't think it will be recoverable once patched, at least not by me.
I know Trgala's dishonest behavior will be last forever tho, as it is a cheat site, right?
Originally Posted by LonelyPilgrim
hey guys, i got a question.. i can't click on the Scripts so i can't activate the cheat.
what to do? i got cheat engine 6.3.
Btw I play on the official Site