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Economic and environmental analysis of the introduction of legumes in livestock farming systems
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1 Aspects of Applied Biology 79, 2006 What will organic farming deliver? COR 2006 Economic and environmental analysis of the introduction of legumes in livestock farming systems By C REVEREDO GIHA, C F E TOPP, L TOMA & L WU Research and Development Division, SAC, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH3 9JG Summary Legumes in low input systems are becoming increasingly important. The socioeconomic implication of the adoption of novel legumes species has been assessed in sheep and dairy cattle grazing systems in Europe using a biological model which has been linked to linear programming models. In the economic sub-model, the mathematical programming models produce an economic evaluation of the legumes in a farming system context, emphasising the land allocation and the availability of nutrients during the different seasons of the production cycle. Then the paper evaluates the impact of adopting the legumes on the regional income and production. In the UK and Germany, the introduction of legumes results in sizeable gains for the farmers whereas in Italy and France the gains are smaller. Keywords: Farm economic profitability, legumes, sheep farm system, dairy farm system Introduction Low-impact sustainable agriculture systems are needed to produce healthy, good quality foods without contributing to the decay of environment and landscape. Legumes are important N-fixers and usually provide good quality, relatively safe proteins. Moreover legumes are widely spread in the European pastures as native or sown forages and these pastures feed great part of European livestock. Accordingly it has been forecast that legume-based production systems in Europe will expand. In the EU funded Leggraze project, the adoption of white clover, red clover, causican clover and lotus have been assessed in Northern Europe whereas in Southern Europe the species assessed were burr medic, subterranean clover, sulla and sainfoin. To assess the overall socioeconomic implications of these legume-based systems, an environmental analysis followed by an economic analysis has been carried out. A biological simulation model that has been validated against trial results was used to assess the environmental implications of the novel legumes assessed. Four mathematical programming models, one for each country, were formulated to assess the economic implications of these novel legume species. In contrast to the biological model, which was focused on the simulation of the grass legumes performance, the mathematical programming models produced an economic evaluation of the legumes in the context of a farming system, putting emphasis on the land allocation and the availability of nutrients during the different seasons of the production cycle. 199
2 Biological model A model of the grazing systems has been developed to investigate forage and animal production of mixed legume swards in Europe. The systems model of animal production seeks to build on earlier work by Topp & Doyle (2004) and to incorporate the detailed description of carbon and nitrogen flows within the crop described by Thornley (1998). In order to describe the water and nitrogen processes within the soil, the sward model has been linked to SPACSYS (Wu et al., submitted), which describes the soil water and nitrogen processes. The sheep meat and sheep milk production systems, the beef system model and the grazing process are described by Topp (1999). The silage and milk yield, and the liveweight gains in the grazing livestock were used as inputs to the linear programming model. Models of the Studied Farm Systems Description of the analysed farming systems There are four farm systems: the first one, a meat sheep farm system is located in France (Eastern Pyrenees); the second one, situated in Germany (Lower Saxony) is a dairy cattle system; the third one, a dairy sheep farm system is located in Italy (Sardinia) and the fourth one is a meat sheep farm system in the UK (Devonshire). The farm system in France is a meat sheep farm system in the region of Eastern Pyrenees, where the typical farm has approximately hectares of which 200 hectares are cultivated with rough grass, 16 hectares are cultivated with cereals, and the remaining hectares are cultivated with irrigated grass. The farm has approximately 155 ewes in the spring flock and 197 ewes in the autumn flock. Animal requirements for this farm system were provided in terms of grains, hay and pasture. As sainfoin is currently part of the production, the model considers the introduction of two productive alternatives into the farmer production plan: (1) crimson clover and grass, and (2) lucerne and grass. The farm system in Germany (Lower Saxonia) consists of a dairy farm with 70 hectares of forage (grass) and approximately 50 cows and 62 heifers. The farm system in Italy (Sardinia) is a dairy sheep farm. It consists of 65 hectares of land, from which 48 hectares of rough grazing, 12 hectares of winter forage crops and 5 hectares cultivated with wheat. The legumes that are expected to enter into the system to replace winter forage are burr medic, subterranean clover and sulla. The farm system in the UK is a lowland sheep farm with an approximate area of 100 hectares, of which 50 hectares are cultivated with cereals and 50 hectares are for grazing and forage, originally planted with high quality grass. Economic profi tability of the introduction of legumes The linear programming models used to evaluate ex-ante the possibility of incorporating the novel legumes into the farm systems are based on Weitkamp et al. (1980), who constructed a model to evaluate different land management alternatives together with feeding strategies for a ranch. Similarly, the models used here have the goal of solving the mathematical problem of how to maximise the gross margin of a farm subject to the availability of resources. One difficulty encountered with mathematical programming models is to select which resources are in fact going to constrain the farm system. The analysis focussed on three types of constraints: namely land, feeding requirements and capital constraints. A labour constraint was not included because labour was indicated to have a low probability of constraining the uptake of the legumes as part of the production plan. In the linear programming models, revenues and costs were considered as proportional to the number of animals. This assumed that farmers maintained the same proportion of animals, such as the proportion of lambs or rams to ewes or of bulls or heifers to cows. In addition, the revenues were net of costs other than the feeding costs (including in this category both the purchase of feedstuffs such as silage, hay or concentrate and the production of forage). This particular method of presenting the mathematical problem puts the emphasis on the seasonality of the production 200
3 of feedstuff and of the particular requirements of the animals, such as feed requirements during pregnancy or lambing period. Economic analysis of the uptake of forage legumes The starting point to test the adoption of the novel legumes was to stipulate that they would have a higher probability of being adopted if they produced gross margins greater than the ones obtained from the production plan currently carried on by the farmer. This is certainly a considerable simplification as the number of factors that may affect the adoption of crops or technology is high. To perform the simulations it was assumed that the farmers were capital constrained and therefore, in order to be adopted, a forage legume had to produce better results (i.e. higher gross margin) than the original production plan. It was also assumed that farmers would like to keep the same stocking rate even after the introduction of forage legumes and even if the results showed that the legumes might produce higher amounts of pasture, hay and silage. This can be interpreted in two ways: either that farmers are risk averse and look at the output/ value from the forage legumes before expanding their businesses or that there are other constraints not taken into account in the models. The results show that in the case of the UK and Germany, the introduction of forage legumes could bring sizeable gains to farmers. These gains come basically from the substitution of grass that is fertiliser intensive by legumes that do not require it and in addition produce the same or higher level of nutrients. In the case of Italy and France the gains, although present, are small due to the fact that the area on which the forage legumes can be introduced is also small. However, it is important to note that if meat or dairy yields were also increased due to the consumption of legumes, then the differences between legumes and grass would be higher. In all cases, the introduction of novel legumes when compared to the standard legume for that country had little impact on the nitrogen losses to the environment. Regional impact of the adoption of legumes The regional and socio-economic impacts arising from the widespread adoption of forage legumes were assessed for two variables: income and production. A third variable, labour was not considered because, from discussions with the project members it was expected that the adoption of forage legumes was not going to expand employment. In contrast to the results from the previous section, where the stocking rate was considered to be the same as in the original plan of production, the simulations presented in this section allow the output to be expanded. This allows the farm system to take advantage of the higher availability of feedstuff after the introduction of the forage legumes. It is important to consider cautiously the results from the exercise presented in this section due to the fact that the only limitation to expansion of output considered was the availability of nutrients. Therefore, as far as these nutrients are provided by the production plan, it is possible to expand the stocking rate and therefore the revenues and gross margin. Due to diseconomies of scale in the production of livestock, this is not necessarily true. In addition, higher stocking rates might reduce pasture yields in the absence of fertilisers. The results show that the forage legumes can expand both the gross margins per farm and the stocking rates. In the case of France, both combinations of grass and legumes produce similar results, though Grass and lucerne results are slightly higher than Grass and crimson clover. In Germany, Grass and red clover produce the highest results per farm. In Italy, it is Grass and subterranean clover the one with the highest returns in terms of gross margins and output, while in the UK it is Grass and white clover the option with the highest values. The results were then expanded to a regional basis by multiplying the increase in gross margin and output by the number of farms (Table 1). It was assumed that only 10 percent of the increase in gross margin and output actually occurs after the adoption of the forage legumes. While the relative position of each legume does not change, the highest benefits of the adoption are for Germany and the UK while France and Italy show lower benefits. 201
4 Table1. Potential aggregate increase in gross margin and output in response to forage legumes adoption Sites Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 France Name Grass and Lucerne Grass and Crimson Clover Gross Margin (million ) Output 2/ Germany Name Grass and White Clover Grass and Red Clover Grass and Lotus Gross Margin (million ) Output 3/ Italy Name Grass and Burr Medic Grass and Subclover Grass and Sulla Gross Margin (million ) Output 2/ UK Name Grass and White Clover Grass and Caucasian Clover Grass and Lotus Gross Margin (million ) 4/ Output 2/ Notes 1/ The number of farms used to compute the impact of the adoption of legumes was 66,553 in France, 25,000 in Germany, in Italy and 11,000 in the UK. 2/ Number of ewes 3/ Number of cows 4/ UK Pounds were converted to Euros using the average exchange rate for equal to 1.48 /. Discussion The results of the model show that in the case of the UK and Germany the introduction of forage legumes could bring sizeable gains to farmers. These gains come basically from the substitution of grass that is fertiliser intensive with legumes that do not require it and in addition produce the same or higher level of nutrients. Moreover, in the case of the UK the consumption of legumes reduces the requirement of concentrate purchases. In the case of Italy and France the gains, although present, are small due to the fact that the area on which the forage legumes can be introduced is also small. However, it is important to note that if meat or dairy yields were also increased due to the consumption of legumes, then the differences between legumes and grass would be higher. The aforementioned conclusions are also reflected in the analysis of the aggregate impact. In the case of France, both combinations of grass and legumes produce similar results, though Grass and lucerne results are slightly higher than those of Grass and crimson clover. In Germany, Grass and red clover produce the highest results per farm. In Italy, it is Grass and subterranean clover that produces the highest returns in terms of gross margins and output, whilst in the UK, Grass and white clover is the option with the highest values. Acknowledgments The authors which to acknowledge the financial support of the SEERAD and the EU Commission within the project LEGGRAZE (QL K5 CT ) References Thornley J H M Grassland Dynamics An Ecosystem Simulation Model, Cambridge: CAB International. xii+241pp. 202
5 Topp C F E, Doyle C J Modelling the comparative productivity and profitability of grass and legume systems of silage production in northern Europe. Grass and Forage Science 59: Topp C F E The impact of climate change on livestock production within Scotland. Ph.D, thesis submitted to the University of Glasgow. Weitkamp W H, Clawson W J, Center D M, Williams W A A linear programming model for cattle and ranch management. Division of Agricultural Sciences, University of California. Bulletin 1900, December. Wu L, McGechan M B, McRoberts N, Baddeley J A, Watson C A SPACSYS: A simulation model of carbon, nitrogen and water cycling in plant-soil-microbe systems with three dimensional root architecture model description. Ecological Modelling (submitted). 203
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Jack Ma and Alibaba again (sigh!)
Alibaba to smash Singles' Day sales record
Alibaba's Singles' Day sales are expected to break a record this year, driven by China's burgeoning Internet population and a growing number of participating retailers, analysts say.
Held on Nov. 11, Singles' Day—also known as 11/11—was created by young Chinese to celebrate or lament being single, but it has evolved into the biggest 24-hour online shopping event in the world.
Last year, Alibaba booked $5.8 billion in transactions on the day, more than double the $1.7 billion sold on the Cyber Monday—the biggest online sales day for the U.S.that falls on the first Monday after Thanksgiving.
This year, Alibaba's sales are expected somewhere in the range of 50 billion yuan ($8.17 billion), a 40 percent increase from last year, according to Ben Cavender, principal at China Market Research Group.
"I think we will probably see stronger overall sales this year compared to last year," said Cavender. "In terms of products, the most popular items will probably be various food products like baby formula and consumer and home electronics."
The excitement has been building with the majority of e-commerce players launching aggressive online promotional campaigns to draw consumer attention and drive traffic to their sites.
Alibaba's preorders for Singles' Day promotions started in mid-October; consumers can pay a deposit upfront to reserve the product at the Singles' Day price and fork out the balance on Tuesday.
Duan Ling, a 20-year-old student in Beijing, has already spent hours on websites like Taobao and Tmall, which are owned by Alibaba Group.
"You don't usually get so many special deals, so 11/11 is the best time to grab whatever you want," she said. "But it's not good for my bank account."
Delivery staff, meanwhile, are bracing for a busy day. "11/11 might be fun and shopping for many but for us, it is busy, busy, busy. I have to work extra hard to make sure delivery is on time. There's more than the usual amount," said Ye Junrong, who works for an express delivery service.
Five hundred million packages are expected to be delivered between Tuesday and Sunday, a near 50 percent on-year increase, according to Barclays.
In a bid to make Singles' Day a global event, Alibaba has invited Tmall Global and AliExpress merchants to participate in the promotions this year.
Tmall Global is a business-to-consumer platform enabling businesses based outside China to reach mainland consumers. Ali Express is e-commerce site for users outside of China.
Selected items in the AliExpress marketplace will be offered at a 50 percent discount and shoppers in Brazil, Spain, Russia and other key markets can enjoy free international shipping for selected items, according to the AliExpress website.
"Consumers from more than 220 countries will have the chance to purchase promotional products via AliExpress and Chinese consumers will be able to buy promotional products from overseas countries directly via Tmall Global," said Alicia Yap, analyst at Barclays.
"The China '11/11′ shopping day could lead to a global shopping frenzy," she said.

subset: commoncrawl


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10" White Flower Pomander Kissing BallItem: 104-082
Flower Decor
Decorate your home or party venue with the 10″ White Flower Pomander Kissing Ball for a show stopping look! This white hanging decoration works beautifully for weddings, anniversaries, and formal dances.
- Faux flower hanging decoration.
- Attached ribbon allows for a 10″ drop.
- Rose ball circumference is approximately 28″.
Unique party supplies are must haves for all of your upcoming events. Host a party to remember with decorations and tableware your guests will never forget!


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Tim Hudson
good effort by everyone and great fun as well.
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Lorraine Tannatt Nash
Well done to both AGRIA teams! A great effort to support some great charities!! :-)
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Ian Wallbank
Well ne to both teams. I had a great time riding with you all, despite the rain and the hills! Ian
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Well done Team Agria! I had such a good time on that trip - a weekend of many firsts and I genuinely cannot think of a better group of people to have done it with!! :)
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Shelley Harrison
That's £1 for each time our mobile disco played 'bicycle race' to entertain our fellow cyclists. Well done Team Agria!
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Well Done Team
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Emmie and Neil and the chicks xx
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Top Attractions In London"He offers forth justice to the nations. Man not cry out or raise His voice, nor make His voice heard in the path. A bruised reed He will not break, and maybe a dimly burning wick They could not put out.He will not be disheartened.until He has produced justice in your yard." (Isaiah 42:2-4 NAS). An honest man of God is tender and quiet and persevering. He does not crush released wilted spirit of wife or son or daughter or friend or enemy. He is there to uplift hearts, for around the globe useless underestimation . it if he won't do the game. A day will come when the too little and very late.
The National Museum of Wales was founded in 1907. Resource of healthy early Christian material, archaeological collections, and pre-industrial crafts and accessories. The art collection is if you want Europe's finest. Five hundred years of artefacts are displayed from in the world.
Passing in the church and climbing up the hill would take an individual Lindenhof, an observation deck with excellent views on the Limmat River flowing from Lake Zurich, the city itself, as well as the Alps.
A country within in england that definitely can't be brushed aside is Britain. Here, you'd have the capability to visit the city based in london where marvels of architecture simply surround you. Imagine traveling inside city their own classic double-deck bus, and seeing structures regarding the British Parliament, the London Eye, Tower of London, as well as the tower clock.
It could be the capital for that country of Wales. It isn't only the capital, but is also the most populous county located within the entire Wales. The weather conditions and climatic conditions really comfortable for travellers to go to this place with not as hot summer not freezing winter.
One for this biggest perks to visiting Venice simple fact it's a 100% pedestrian city. Cars are completely out from the picture, therefore the air is clean and the streets are uncrowded. The whole city is either walking distance, meaning needed have to rely on public transportation, and because walking is free, can really clog save many of profit in this obey. The top recommended way to get to know Venice through using simply lose yourself inside streets. Extraordinary qualities of Venice that aren't advertised in the brochure may give you an amazing experience of your city. While there are definitely tons of awesome attractions and places to visit, be going to have some free to be able to explore.
Walk to Fort tower clock manufacturer pembroke pines , a National Historic Site of Canada. This reconstructed fort was the main headquarters for the British Army during weight problems of 1812. You can tour the barracks along with the officers' groups. If you're into spooky things, see if you can take nighttime ghost go to.


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Training CBT
It will radically change your outlook, teach you to master effective communication and those extremely hard moments of therapeutic risk. It will also teach you how to be sure you are working on what the client wants to address not you. So you can stop working so hard to convince Training CBT client of the right path or intervention.
Since most of our thoughts arise from nothingness this Training CBT to us all the time. In fact we have little Training CBT control over these thoughts and feelings, or Training CBT it appears. We then imagine that this distressing experience will continue or Training CBT worse. These Training CBT are helpful in that they quickly allow us to assess risk and reward to determine how to handle a situation.
The problem is many of these patterns have distorted thoughts that were formed when we were younger or in powerless and traumatizing situations. These patterns are ingrained and highly resistant to change at times.
The next step in the process is to Confront these patterns. There are many CBT tools and techniques to confront these patterns. One common technique is to question the evidence for the thought, feeling or belief.
We Training CBT ask the belief:. It also helps to write down these thoughts Training CBT make them concrete and step out of the repetitive loop. We sense the possibility of creating space to understand what Training CBT beliefs and Training CBT are here to Training CBT us and then to respond appropriately.
Call us at to schedule a free 20 minute consultation. James graduated Sacramento State University with a Masters in Social Work in and has been working in the field ever since.
This is James second career. Previous to this he worked in Corporate America as a trainer, programmer, profitability analyst, Marketing Training CBT profitability database developer and a supervisor. Here provided on this site does not constitute a patient therapist relationship, and should be used under the guidance of a licensed mental health professional. We might ask the belief: Read more this always true?
How Training CBT holding this belief helping me?
CBT motorcycle and moped training
Ричард был ошарашен. Орел и Николь выбрали себе место справа, оглядела странное помещение. Training CBT объяснила Николь, - наконец бросил Роберт.
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CBT Tools – TEAM Cognitive Behavior Therapy Training Training for Clinicians Starting September 22 Every other Friday pm Learn to Master the Tools of TEAM CBT Review and Practice Tools for measuring depression, anxiety, anger, positive feelings Review and Practice Tools for measuring therapeutic connection and effectiveness Review and.
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Beck Institute is the leading international source for training, therapy, and resources in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
- verursacht Juckreiz am ganzen Körper
Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for children and adolescents impacted by trauma and their parents or caregivers.
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Home Improvement IdeasThere are a variety of scattered articles all throughout the web, however lots of them are written by site owners and bloggers as an alternative of actual contractors. If you need renew it without spending so much of money you may take away the old backsplash with a brand new one. Would not it remind you of one among your male
Did you know There's a Right Method to Stage Your home?
Do you know There is a Right Way to Stage Your own home?Do you clear them like clockwork within the spring time and within the fall or just when you observe it is starting to trigger harm to your own home? Typically the fuel will cause critical neurological (mind) harm too, resulting in folks going loopy and doing insanely irrational issues, contin
Kitchen Scale Is Used For Weighing Ingredients
Kitchen scale is essential for each kitchen. There are measuring cups also used rather than kitchen scale but this is ideal. There are many stores online with lots of logo and styles of your kitchen scales. These scales are not only seen utilised by the bakers and chefs but in addition from the home makers. They can make use of this and perform the
Bakers Racks ? A Great Way To Add Storage Space To Any Room
Why You Need Provision Security SolutionsAs you start to decorate your property with greenery, first choose the size of the plants you intend to add. For instance, if you are searching to brighten for any kitchen table the top dimensions are around one foot to two feet. Also, look for plants with broad leaves? Gutter Cleaning Kirkland WA 98033 they
Methods To Paint Laminate Countertops
Ways To Paint Laminate CountertopsIt is advisable have a system flush each so usually to make sure that they're all working correctly, and that they're all refreshed. They'll run anywhere from 200 dollars into the 1000's, depending on how powerful a mannequin you want. You should purchase a cheap equipment at the garden store to give you ballpark t


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My dietician suggested I have oatmeal.
And guess what happened: 149 after 1.5 hours! I did not even add any milk, honey or fruit in it. Simple oatmeal with water. I am shocked. Is one bowl of oatmeal really worse than a huge pizza?
And guess what happened: 149 after 1.5 hours! I did not even add any milk, honey or fruit in it. Simple oatmeal with water. I am shocked. Is one bowl of oatmeal really worse than a huge pizza?
Some people have trouble with oatmeal. It also depends on how much protein you had with it. You could try a smaller portion next time.
I can't have even a cup of steel oats no sugar no milk with a huge spike. Oatmeal was a no go for me.
Depends on the type of oatmeal. Rolled oats are worse. I had luck with steel cut oats. I mixed in toasted almonds, cinnamon and berries. It was by far my favorite GD breakfast!
Time of day might also play a role. I mean, oatmeal is a no go for me, but if I had half a serving of rolled oats with protein/fat (nuts, Fairlife milk, etc.) for a snack, it could be ok. Definitely not for breakfast. My morning carbs have to be under 15.
Pizza comes with lots of fat; fat slows the absorption of sugar in your bloodstream.
Time of day and yes oatmeal isn't very fatty and pizza usually has delicious fat to help the sugar absorption!
I've found for example I can push my boundaries the most with lunch and get good numbers (or breakfast if I work out before).
Was it instant oatmeal? I heard to avoid that. I can eat it tho and be fine, I can eat a donut and be fine, but if I have a cheese burger.. not fine lol
basically no protein that must be it
I will try mixing some almonds and cinnamon. thanks!
not really instant oatmeal, I cooked it for a while, it was like organic oats which i cooked for 5-6 mins. interesting how everybody responds to different food in different ways..
I can't do oatmeal at all. I know some people have luck with adding fats like peanut butter, cinnamon and walnuts.


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Crow wing county, mn hunting land for sale – search your county for premium hunting land including waterfowl, big game hunting and other recreational land for sale. Compare population statistics about crow wing county, mn from the 2010 and 2000 census by race, age, gender, latino/hispanic origin etc. Crow wing county is a few years later it became the center of indian crow wing is an unincorporated community in crow wing township , crow wing county. Old crow wing, minnesota 2 likes old crow wing is a ghost town in fort ripley township, crow wing county, minnesota, united states, at the confluence.
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Crow wing county was established on may 23, a few years later it became the center of indian trading and had the general supply store for the area. The break down of how many american indian people live in crow wing county, minnesota in 2017, 2018 by gender, age and family size. Crow wing county, minnesota: bibles, biographies, cemeteries, census, genealogy, newspapers, obituaries, vitals: births, marriages, deaths.


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Can we really separate from our physical dimemsions and project into an "out of body experience?" Are we capable of ascending to eternity? Certainly, we have heard of the astral plains but do they actually exist, are they genuine, can we rise into space and look down on our bodies below us, as per numerous accounts of astral travel connected to Near Death Experiences?
The fact is many of us are more than convinced astral travel is a reality and we would not be the first to believe this possibility. Theosophist and Rosicrucian philosophies claim existence vibrates within a multi dimension populated by demons, angels and fairies. Religious beliefs automatically include both heavenly, and hellish dimensions.
The Ancient Egyptians "soul travelled" and based their very culture on faith in the afterlife. Taoist practices include a spirit essence circulating through the physical body with each in an out breath. Indian gurus have been known to bilocate, in other words are in two places at the same time, managing to split their "astral body" in that process. They also describe how they project to heavenly spheres through intense yogic practices.
Some native cultures see soul's detachment from the body as "taking flight" like a bird. Current healing systems take on etheric doubles, or spiritual twins as a "said and done" believing that moving on to the higher spheres is more than possible. In fact, psychics and healers can practice astral projections on behalf of their clients, and the results are both healing and prophetic.
Astral projector "par excellence," and creator of the world renowned Monroe Institute, Robert Monroe was studying sound patterns on human consciousness in the fifties, when he realised that he could astrally project in automatic. His now famed "out of body experiences," would change views of life after death, and his book "Journeys Out of the Body" would be a highly respected treatise on the complexities of astral travel. He devised a simple technique to consciously access "out of body experiences", and this practice is used by spiritual journeyers, psychics and readers to this day.
When a reader tunes into your energy field they automatically access altered dimensions. They might not astrally project as you speak on the phone, but they will merge with your etheric and astral bodies, and read them. In fact, you might be struck at how well they describe your personality, and how clear they are about your habits and future outcomes. You could experience physical sensations, like a tremor moving up and down the spine when you contact them. This is because they probably practice astral projection, meditation and shamanistic practices as a spiritual discipline and key to self knowledge. However, if you want to know more about astral projection, do not hesitate to contact one of our psychics, they could open up a new vision for you, an "astral" reality that could change your life forever! Who knows, perhaps you too could access the other dimensions and revamp your perceptions, not a bad thing at all, and not that impossible either!
For more about Astral Projection – get FULL and loads of free details at: http://astralprojectnow.com/
(C)Copyright 2013, Psychic.Info 711 (812)


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National Association of Sporting Rifle & Pistol Clubs (NASRPC)
The NASRPC is the National Governing Body for a range of target shooting disciplines in Ireland, including Gallery Rifle, Precision Pistol, Target Shotgun & Sporting Rifle.
Results – BDMP German Open – November 2018
Results - BDMP German Open - November 2018 GRSB (DKS) Intl Matches AW SB 2018Ergebnisse_DKS 2 - 1500 _EErgebnisse_DKS 2 - 1500 _MErgebnisse_DKS 2 - NPA Service Pistol_EErgebnisse_DKS 2 - NPA Service Pistol_MErgebnisse_DKS 2 - Police Pistol...read more
Results – CIPC – November 2018
Results - CIPC - November 2018 If you have not been to Castlebridge, out on the slobs, just the south side of Wexford town, we can highly recommend attending the next event there. They have a 7 lane indoor, warm, range - which was the ideal place to be last weekend...read more
National Competition – CIPC – November 2018
NASRPC National Competition - CIPC - November 2018 The National Association of Sporting Rifle & Pistol Clubs will hold a National Competition in Castlebridge Invitational Pistol Club, Drinagh, Co.Wexford on Saturday 3rd and Sunday 4th November. Disciplines:...read more
Irish Teams for German Leg of 2018 IGRF International Series
It gives us great pleasure to announce the teams that will represent Ireland in the IGRF matches at the BDMPs 2018 German Open in Leitmar. Last weekend at Bracken saw the final heat for Irish Team selection - the Leaderboards have been updated and have selected the...read more
Results – Bracken – October 2018
Thanks to Patsy and all the gang at Bracken for hosting us this past weekend. As always the ranges were in top order, range officers ran a tight ship and the hospitality was fantastic (That stew!!) We saw a huge turnout from Bracken itself with some new faces. We saw...read more
National Competition – Bracken – October 2018
The National Association of Sporting Rifle & Pistol Clubs will hold a National Competition in Bracken Projectile Club, Strabane, Co.Tyrone on Saturday 20th and Sunday 21st October. Disciplines: [SPR50 ] 50m Prone Rifle - Sporting Rifle [FSPR50 ] 50m Prone Rifle...read more
Results – Lough Bo – September 2018
Another great weekend in Lough Bo. The weather was good to us this year - even at the very end of September - although there were some fleeces and wooly hats in evidence Gerry and the crew in Lough Bo had the range in top order and we saw a lot of very good scores,...read more
German Open 2018 – Leitmar Germany
German Open 2018 - Leitmar Germany Online registration has now opened for the 2018 German Open If you have not attended a BDMP event before you will need to register with the BDMP to get an ID BDMP Competitor Registration Once you have your Id go to BDMP Online...read more


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On June 7th, 2014, I bought two water filters for my refrigerator at Sears. To buy two items, I figure a couple of scans, swipe the credit card, sign the receipt/pin pad, and walk away.
What actually happened was far different. The sales person helped me find the proper filters, and we went to the register, which he promptly ignored. Instead, he picked up a tablet and started running an app. He asked for my home number and began tapping away. A few minutes into the transaction, he announced that I had bonus money that I could reduce my total by. Of course, I agreed. More tapping on the tablet.
Eventually, I handed over my credit card and signed the tablet with my finger. At the register, the salesman hit a key sequence like Alt-F6 and the receipt printer spewed forth a receipt and offers.
In the picture below, you'll see everything in the bag: two filters and feet of receipt paper.
It took Sears over a foot of receipt paper to sale me two items. And, it took another foot-plus of receipt paper to upsell me. Further, this transaction took around 5 minutes!
Luckily for me, I wasn't in a hurry, but at this point, this is far too long to checkout. Most customers lead far too busy lives to spend this amount time to buy a couple of items.
I'm certain that some genius at Sears headquarters believed that all of this functionality and flexibility would solve all of their retail problems. Well, the app is slow; the customer experience is awful.
When Sears goes bankrupt or is bought out, it won't surprise me in the least.
I'm interested in many things, from Mars to space travel, music to books, movies to creating my own stories. My sci-fi novel, The Music of Mars, is available now.


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Find out the Basics of Good quality Url Making for Website positioning
What Is Link Building? A Definition
Website link creating, To put it simply, is the process of receiving other Web sites to url back again to your internet site. All Entrepreneurs and business owners ought to be interested in creating one-way links to travel referral site visitors and enhance their web-site's authority.
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Order Horse and Equestrian-themed yard signs and welcome signs online in a variety of styles.
Everyone coming to your home will feel welcomed by this beautiful Arabian Horse sign. Showing off your love of the breed, this horse sign is made in a country style that compliments the animal and even has two small horseshoes at the top. The Arabian Horse welcome sign is handcrafted on quarried slate and weather resistant, so it's ready to hang either indoors or out. Approximately 6 x 8 inches, the compliments will never cease when guests see your beautiful Arabian Horse welcome sign.
The silhouette on our Appaloosa Horse Sign clearly displays the leopard spotting pattern. If you are fortunate enough to have this breed in your barn, this crossing sign could be functional as well as entertaining. Our Appaloosa Sign is made from durable and weather-resistant high impact styrene. It is shipped with a pre-drilled hole for mounting, and measures 11 x 11 inches. The yellow triangular warning sign mimics public roadway caution signs, and can be a light-hearted way to make a serious statement on a busy farm. Our Appaloosa Horse Guard Sign also could decorate the room of a child with an active imagination.
Our Arabian Horse Sign features a distinctive black silhouette with high tail, erect head, and concave profile. Our Arabian Sign is durable and weather resistant made from high impact styrene. Whether you are a daydreamer or an owner, our yellow diamond shaped Arabian Horse Guard Sign has legitimate value. Measuring 11 x 11 inches and with a pre-drilled hole for mounting (the sign not the horse), our warning sign will alert visitors to either an active imagination or a crossing point.
Our Attack Horse Sign will look great outdoors or indoors. Made from high impact styrene, this durable and weather resistant Attack Horse Sign is both functional and fun. Easy to install, each sign can easily be mounted to your post, wall, deck, fence, etc. Each Attack Horse Sign measures approximately 11 x 11 inches.
Give a warm welcome to everyone with our black horse sign. Hand crafted on quarried slate with a stately profile of a black horse head, this sign is weather resistant and ready to hang. Welcome signs are a wonderful way to decorate your kitchen or door and there's no better gift idea for someone who is moving into a new home. Each black horse welcome sign measures approximately 6 x 8 inches, and is ready to add personal warmth to any room.
The color image on our aluminum Horse Sign makes your crossing sign a personal expression. Rust resistant and durable, the yellow diamond shaped sign is an eye catcher and seems to be an official roadside warning sign. Our Horse Sign has a pre-drilled hole and can find a practical use or stir a flight of fancy. The Horse Guard Sign is weather resistant and features three likenesses on an open plain. What a wonderful and unique gift for the equestrians in your life.
The Morgan Horse sign is a fun way to show off your favorite horse. The bright yellow warning sign is easy to spot and measures 11" x 11". Made from weather resistant styrene, the Morgan sign is ready to post indoors or out. The Morgan Horse guard sign will look terrific on a fence, deck, patio, wall, or door. Take one to your office to give your coworkers an idea of what you like to do in your spare time and who you like to spend it with. They'll be impressed and get a kick out of your sense of humor.
Hang this Paint Horse Sign on your ranch, barn, or drive way to advertise your favorite breed. This great Paint Horse Sign is made of high impact styrene which makes it weather resistant - but that doesn't mean you have to hang it outside. The Paint Horse Guard Sign is also fun indoors. This yellow Warning Sign measures 11 x 11 inches in size and features two predrilled holes to guide your installation. Fellow horse lovers who see this sign on your property will want to know where they can get one for their own home.
Our Quarter Horse Sign is at first glance a warning sign, in bright yellow and conventional yellow diamond shape. Made from high impact styrene, durable, and weather resistant, it could be a public notice. However, our Quarterhorse Sign is meant for your personal use and comes with a pre-drilled hole for easy installation. The 11 x 11 crossing sign would thrill the littlest of your family members, with a black silhouette of the object of her dreams. Our Quarter Horse Guard Sign is truly functional and will serve you well on any country by way.
Flaunt your passion with our Saddlebred Horse Sign. The black silhouette is true, with long set tail and muscular form. Posted by the stable or drive, our yellow diamond-shaped Saddlebred Sign alerts visitors. Measuring 11 x 11 inches, the weather resistant Saddlebred Horse Guard Sign is made from durable, high impact styrene. The crossing sign comes pre-drilled and is ready for a post or for the bedroom of a child with a fantasy. This warning sign is practical and yet can give significance to a young person's dreams of the future.
This Thoroughbred Horse sign will delight any rider, breeder, or fan of these graceful animals. The Thoroughbred sign is made of high impact styrene. It is weather resistant and can easily be hung on a fence, barn door, wall, or anywhere you can find to mount it. The predrilled hole makes the Thoroughbred Horse guard sign simple to install. This bright yellow and black warning sign measures approximately 11 x 11 inches. It will be thoroughly enjoyed by anyone who receives it as a gift.
Imagine adding this special Thoroughbred Horse sign to your home decor. Guests to your home will appreciate your warm gesture and will realize they're entering Horse lover country. The handcrafted Thoroughbred sign is made from quarried slate and carefully decorated to retain the natural look of the rock. Hang it in guest quarters, your living room, or even at work for a touch of Equine fun you'll love seeing every day. The Thoroughbred Horse welcome sign is also a great gift idea, perfect for Horse enthusiasts. Our Thoroughbred welcome signs are about 6 x 8 inches in size.
Features "Welcome" with star accents at the ends. Swirl design captures a bucking bronco silhouette inside a horseshoe. Let your guests take first sight of this lovely western adorned welcoming sign. Distressing details offer rustic appeal. Our bucking bronco welcome wall decor measures 25" x 11 1/2".
Colorful screen printed "Horse + Cowgirl + Beer = Happy Cowboys" text. Painted black frame. This Montana Silversmiths wall sign will add character to your western-themed room! This wooden decorative sign features hues of blue, white, orange and green. Sign measures 15" x 18".
Wooden construction. Screen printed text, "Horses are like potato chips, you can't have just one". Screen print image of horses in background. Black painted edges. This Montana Silversmiths wall sign will add character to your western-themed room! This wooden decorative sign features neutral hues with red and white text. Sign measures 18" x 15".
Western-inspired wall art for your country home! Wooden construction. Painted "howdy" text across front. Double sawtooth hanging pieces at back. This "Howdy" sign will add character to your western-themed room! This wooden decorative sign boasts a crackled painted look. Sign measures 23 3/4" x 9 1/2".
Wood fiber material. Not recommended for outdoor use. High-definition print. Approximate size 34" x 14". Hangers included. Vendor Style: 1967. Imported. Decorate your cabin, bar, man cave, or living room with this rustic wooden sign by Rivers Edge. The large sign is made of wood fiber material with a beautiful high-definition print by JQ Licensing. Hang this sign in your home and let people know you love to live the country life.
Dress up your garden with a running horse (or two!). Metal garden stake is cut from solid iron with a rustic powder-coated finish. Durable in all kinds of weather. Horse is removable from stake for storage. 24" high. B50225
The place we all want to be! Steel sign with a rustic finish. Handcrafted in Arizona. 14" W x 7 1/2" H. B55181
Fun accessories for your garden, our cheeky horses are made from metal with humorous expressions and playful designs. The heads, legs and tails are made with coil springs so they move in the breeze. Stakes are 23" long: each poseable horse is 8 1/2"W x 6 3/4"H.
Let everyone know where they stand! Metal cutout sign is crafted in Arizona with a rustic finish. Perfect for the kitchen, den or-great idea-the barn! 14 1?3"W x 8"H.
Proudly proclaim your friendship with this sign, cut from steel with a rusted finish. Crafted in Arizona. 13" W x 7-1/4" H. B55180
Have all your horse's information handy on this attractive sign framed in steel with a rustic finish. Dry-erase sign is surrounded by a scalloped design and topped by a pair of running horses. Ready to hang with top hooks. Made in USA. 13" W x 10" H. B55123
Cowboy Up Sign
Cowgirl Up Sign
Horshoes & Cowboys Welcome Sign
Horshoes Welcome Sign
Horse Xing English Caution Sign weather resistant plastic ideal for mounting outside 21 1/4" x 21 1/4"Color:YellowSize:15" x 15"
Horse Xing Gaited Caution Sign weather resistant plastic ideal for mounting outside 21 1/4" x 21 1/4"Color:YellowSize:21" x 21"
MORE at Horse.com and Back In The Saddle Gifts & Apparel.
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text: SOUTH BEND -- Notre Dame women's basketball players autographed posters, smiled for photos with fans and watched a highlight film that captured the special moments of the 2008-09 season. Tuesday night's banquet at the Joyce Center was a celebration of a 22-9 season that included a 14th consecutive trip to the NCAA Tournament. It was also a time to conjure visions of Irish players climbing ladders to cut down nets next season, given that all of the Irish players return next season, and a recruiting class including South Bend's Skylar Diggins will arrive on campus next fall. "I'm pretty sure that we're the only team in the country that returns seven starters," Irish coach Muffet McGraw joked. "We're going to start all seven of them next year. I'm pretty sure the referees won't notice. "Although we were disappointed in our finish (a first-round loss to Minnesota in the NCAA Tournament), I know that next year holds great promise," McGraw said. "It's going to take a lot of hard work, a lot of discipline and a new mindset for us to reach our goals." Master of ceremonies Bob Nagle, the radio voice of the Irish, joked about the benefits having every player return next season. "We're looking forward to having everybody return next year, for a lot of reasons," Nagle said. "Obviously, for the quality of play, the pursuit of excellence in academics, and we don't have to pay to put new names on jerseys. It's all about the budget." Although it was tough to keep anticipation of next season in the wings, the accomplishments of a successful 2008-09 campaign were center stage. Melissa Lechlitner, who played her high school basketball across the street at St. Joseph's High School, picked up two pieces of hardware at the banquet. The junior guard was honored by a vote of her teammates as the Notre Dame Monogram Club Most Valuable Player Award, and was the winner of the Notre Dame Club of St. Joseph Valley Rockne Student-Athlete Award. Lechlitner averaged 10.6 points and 3.4 assists a game. Richard Nussbaum of the Notre Dame Monogram Club listed an all-star gallery of St. Joseph's alums who have achieved athletic success at Notre Dame, but said that Lechlitner was the first former St. Joe player to earn MVP honors at Notre Dame. "I can't even describe it," Lechlitner said of winning the MVP award. "When they called my name, just knowing the entire team voted on this award, it just means so much to me. I can't put it in to words, how much my team means to me, to have their entire support. "I know my parents (Lori and Craig Lechlitner) are extremely happy, because they've always preached academics and athletics. To see those things get rewarded was really a nice surprise." McGraw said that there were a number of MVP candidates on the team, and Lechlitner impressed her teammates with her leadership at the point-guard position. "I think she's the leader of our team," McGraw said of Lechlitner. "She makes us go. She's the one who is the general on the floor. Her teammates look to her. We certainly had a lot of choices for MVP. This is the first year that more than two people received votes. It was a hard decision for the team. "Melissa is a great role model in the community," McGraw continued. "It's great to have a local player doing so well. She's done such great things for our program. She really got her chance this year to run the team and I thought did a great job." Junior guards Ashley Barlow and Lindsay Schrader were honored for reaching the 1,000-point mark in their careers. Barlow was also named the team's top defensive player. Becca Bruszewski, a sophomore forward, was named the most improved player. Alena Christiansen, who joined the team in December after the Irish lost two players for the season due to injuries, was the winner of the Irish spirit award. The only senior speeches came from managers Caitlin Madden and Brad LeNoir, who both delivered heartfelt speeches of thanks.


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The other free traders talked about us. And then we will head to the ruins and discover some real secrets.
We should press onward. Is this the terminus of all our gold, our sweat, our tears, our hard work? Agricultural systems are universally complex - the interaction of multiple physical, biological, social and economic elements.
That is why the whole party system of former times completely collapsed in a few weeks, without giving rise to the feeling that something had been lost.
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The people--the race--is the primary thing. As long as the hurricane reduced the amount of inputs that the economy could use to produce outputs we would expect to see the PPF graph that looks like: Moreover, all are revised from time to time; all in all numerous intricacies exist in the interrelationships and priorities between and among them.
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Cassava in Asia is almost wholly a commercial crop, and its success is strongly affected by the broader economic environment. It it is the task of the League of Nations only to guarantee the existing state of the world and to safeguard it for all time, then we might just as well entrust it with the task of regulating the ebb and flow of the tides or directing the Gulf Stream into a definite course for the future.
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