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Batard bread gets its unique name from how this kind of recipe is generally considered "inferior" to a traditional baguette.
Don't let the odd name fool you, however. Despite the quirky moniker, batard bread is actually a delicious variant of the baguette that can add fantastic functionality and flavor to your meal.
Want to try it for yourself? Here we share the best recipe for making it at home, along with some fun facts to make you a batard expert.
- 1 How Does Batard Bread Differ From a Traditional Baguette?
- 2 How Do You Make Batard Bread?
- 3 A Delicious Batard Bread Recipe – Step By Step
How Does Batard Bread Differ From a Traditional Baguette?
Traditional baguettes are very long, generally over a foot, and thin in width. In contrast, batard bread is half the length but much wider, usually about 4-6 inches.
It has a thick, crunchy crust and a soft, doughy inside, which makes it perfect for sandwiches, garlic bread, or sliced as a side for a meal.
If you prefer slightly softer baguettes, batard bread is a fantastic way to get that very French taste without the hardness of traditional baguettes.
As an added bonus, it's much less time-consuming to make!
How Do You Make Batard Bread?
There are several varieties of dough you can use to make batard bread.
Sticking with the classic French bread dough or branching out into whole-grain doughs, if you want a healthier option, are all within your reach.
However, no matter which flavor you choose, it's key to remember rising time.
We don't a mean thirty minutes or so; plan on at least 3-5 hours just for that portion of the bread making process.
During this time, the dough will develop air pockets. The smaller air pockets are what make the dough inside the baguette airy and asymmetrical once it's baked.
The trademark aspect of batard bread is the large, irregular holes inside of the loaf, so you will want to avoid squeezing it too much.
Once your dough is made, you will need to shape it. This is pretty easy, but we've included a few tips in our recipe to guide you through it.
A Delicious Batard Bread Recipe – Step By Step
Ingredients (Makes About 2 Loaves)
- 1 ½ cups lukewarm water
- 3 ½ cups bread flour
- 2 tsp active yeast
- 2 tsp salt
Directions for the Batard Bread Dough
- Combine yeast and 1 ½ cup of lukewarm water in a large bowl. (You'll be adding the flour and salt to this same bowl at a later step, so you'll want to make sure it is big enough to fit all the ingredients.) Ensure that the water is warm enough to activate the yeast – at about 100°F. The yeast should dissolve on its own, but make sure to double check the instructions on the container it came in.
- Combine the salt and flour, then add them both to the water-yeast mixture. Stir the flour in until it's well incorporated.
- Once incorporated, knead it for a few minutes either by hand or with a mixer, until the dough takes on a kind of bouncy quality. If you can press your finger into the dough and it bounces back, you've captured the right consistency.
- Cover the bowl loosely and let the dough rise at room temperature. As we mentioned above, you will need about 3-5 hours, until it is triple the size of your original ball.
Directions for Pre-Shaping Prep
- Dust your counter top with a bit of flour, but be careful to not use too much. You can also coat your fingers in a thin layer of flour to prevent the dough from sticking as you work with it.
- Place your dough on the floured area. It may have developed large bubbles during the rising time, and these bubbles are okay to pop. After you've done so, gently flatten the dough and let the air out of any other large bubbles that have formed.
- Cut the dough into two equally-sized pieces.
Directions for Shaping the Batard Bread Dough
- Shaping the dough can be slightly tricky. First, you will want to mold it into a slightly oblong shape. Remember, it should be smaller than a foot, so don't stretch the dough beyond that length.
- Turn the dough over to the "rough" edge and then fold the sides of the dough inward, so they make a trench in the middle.
- Once that is done, you can roll the dough back and forth to even it out. Then make sure the ends of our dough are also evenly rounded.
Here's a video showing how to shape batard bread.
Directions for Baking Batard Bread
- Now allow the dough to rise for 30 more minutes. While it does, preheat your oven to 450°F.
- Place parchment paper on a baking sheet and lightly dust it with flour, then place the shaped dough on the sheet. Slash the top of the dough three times with a knife to get that classic baguette look and spray the top of the dough with water. Cook the bread for about 20 minutes et voila! You've got batard bread.
Have you tried making your own batard bread?


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Have You Been The Missing Link
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Austack Produce and Saddlery - Pet and Stock Feed and Products, Brisbane
Accessories, Products
Food - Pet food, Stock feed, Nutrition
Online Shop
Food - Pet food, Stock feed, Nutrition
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All Pets; Horses and Ponies; Poultry; Farm Animals;
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Phone: (07)3268 6107
Austack Saddlery - Pet and Stock Feed, Produce and saddlery located on the north side of Brisbane. For all your horse and pet needs as well as saddlery and jockey saddles and apparel.
Poultry, Cat & Dog Supplies, Equestrian, Dressage, Track Gear, Saddlery & Stable Goods...
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Online Pet Supplies, Pet Accessories, Dog Beds, Pet Food, Pet Shops in Northgate, Brisbane, QLD
Phone: (07)3268 6107
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Christmas/New Year Break 22 Dec - 11 Jan
(No orders will be processed 22 Dec - 11 Jan)
Last postage date for 2018 - 21 Dec
we wish all our customers a Happy Christmas
Please select a wishlist you wish to add selected product(s) to:
Region: Sidamo
Altitude: 1,800-2000 m.
Arabica Varietal: Heirloom
Process: Natural
Producers: Small landholders
In the cup: Sweet, medium body, flavours of strawberry and blueberry with a dark chocolate finish
This is our replacement for the Yirgacheffe Grade 3 Natural until more of a suitable quality can be sourced. It receives the grade 4 rating on appearance and the odd extra pale bean that needs to be removed after roasting. The grading does not refer to the quality that ends up in the cup.
Latest Reviews
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Ethiopia Sidamo Grade 4 Natural (green)
Ethiopia Sidamo Grade 4 Natural (green)
In the cup: Sweet, medium body, flavours of strawberry and blueberry with a dark chocolate finish
Green price is per kg, not including shipping
Use custom roast section below to order this bean roasted anytime
- Crop Year:
- 2018
- Our Grading:
- Gr 1 Specialty
- Organic:
- No
- Directly Traded:
- No
- No
- Utz Certified:
- No
- Last Stocked:
- No
Shop with Confidence
Shopping at Ministry Grounds is safe and secure - guaranteed.
All personal information is protected using industry-standard encrypted, secure transmission. Look for the 'lock' symbol in your browser.
We value your privacy and never knowingly share your personal information outside our business.
We welcome your feedback and suggestions about our store and our service.


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Approx. 2.5oz (24 cups at a single steep) per tin. The Art of Tea hand blends, custom crafts and packs their teas by hand, just like we like to do it here at NGY.Caffeine Content: MediumTasting Notes: Fruity, Light, BerryIngredients: Guayusa, Organic Raspberries, Organic Apple Bits, Organic Jasmine Green Tea, Organic Hibiscus, Organic Rosehips, Natural Flavors
Prep tips:
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- Photos
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Listing courtesy of William Raveis Real Estate
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Case Study Website Redesign Proposal
Redesigning your organization's website is no easy task.
It's a big undertaking with many stakeholders, and lots of moving parts (design, development, content, migration, SEO, etc). In other words, a lot can go wrong and the website redesign can go off the rails.
For our returning readers (thanks for coming back to see us!), you may have noticed that we just launched a new brand, website, and blog design a few weeks ago.
The major improvements to our corporate website for our readers and users include:
- Mobile-optimized site templates – All pages on our corporate website are optimized for mobile phones for easy accessibility.
- Consolidated Learning Center – We moved our online guides and ebooks into one area so you can easily browse and find the right resources.
- Updated information architecture – Info about the our online fundraising platform can be found easier through landing pages and an updated feature overview.
From start to finish, this process took 6 months, 3 months longer than initially planned. We made several mistakes during our website redesign process that ended up wasting thousands of dollars as well.
Read our guide to making the most of your fundraising website to learn how you can create a website that will blow away your campaign goals.
To help you avoid the amazing amount of frustration that we encountered, here are the top lessons we learned on our website redesign process.
Note: For this website redesign, we sourced out the project to several freelancers. These tips are most applicable for outsourced projects.
Watch for red flags during the proposal process
In September 2015, we hired the wrong person for our website redesign. Our prospective designer had a great portfolio and social media following to match.
We did some diligence through references and came up with a reasonable timeline. In short, we thought we had our bases covered. However, during the proposal process, there were big red flags that occurred that we chose to ignore because of his design skills.
After a few initial conversations, our prospective freelancer dropped off the radar and couldn't be reached. He eventually apologized for his lack of communication, but this type of behavior occurred repeatedly throughout the project.
We learned that your potential developer will be on their best behavior during the proposal process, so pay close attention to how they interact with you—that's likely the best you can expect to be treated throughout the project. Questions you should ask before you hire someone for your website redesign are:
- How quickly does the freelancer or agency reply to your sales inquiry or questions?
- Do their references reply to you and give glowing reviews?
- Do their modes and frequency of communication meet your expectations?
We learned these tips the hard way, and ended up having to drop our freelancer a few months later after he became unresponsive during the project and did not produce work in the given timeline.
So trust your instincts, if any red flags for you go up during the proposal process, watch out! Most likely, you should find someone else to work with.
Match payment periods to milestones
The initial deposit for our freelancer was 50% of the contract value of the project, and then a final payment of remaining balance once the new corporate website was developed.
Essentially, our project was scoped to only have two milestones and two payment periods. It wasn't tied to performance or key milestones in the project.
Because of this, timelines weren't followed and recouping the initial deposit caused a lot of frustration as well as losses we had to absorb as a company.
We eventually found another freelancer to hire and our experience with him was superb!
The milestones that we followed the second time around included:
- Discovery – In this stage, we figured out what the needs were and conducted general wireframing. We placed a 40% deposit at the start of this stage.
- Design – The look and feel of our website was put together. We paid 30% of our contract value at the finalized completion of this stage.
- Development – The design was coded into our CMS and functionality added per our requirements. The final 30% was paid at the delivery of the website.
With this approach, we were able to comfortably see the stages of the website redesign project and make payment once the stages were complete. This aligned our interests with the freelancer.
Here's another rough timeline you can follow.
Use Dribbble to find designers
Until now, we've done all the design and development for CauseVox in-house, so finding a freelancer for a website redesign project was something new to us.
Two productive channels that we looked at to find a designer for this project were referrals and Dribbble.
We asked around our professional and personal networks for someone that would be a good fit. Although many people sent over referrals, the referrals we received weren't a great fit for what we wanted to do.
Dribbble is a website that designers post their work to. You can easily browse their work and get a good feel of what the designer can produce.
Since we knew what we generally wanted, we were able to create a shortlist of designers that we wanted to work with by browsing Dribbble and finding a designer's work that matched what we were looking for. From there, we reached out to them to start the evaluation and proposal process.
Shortlisting designers took about 3 hours. Reaching and starting conversations took about 4 hours.
Overall, we found that using Dribbble was more productive than other channels because you can see the designer's work without having the ask for it. In addition, you can see which designers are "for hire" and available for jobs.
Give ownership to a core team
We've seen a lot of well intentioned ideas turn bad because there are too many cooks in the kitchen. It's tempting to try to include everyone's feedback, but if possible avoid "design by committee" (of if you're a nonprofit, design by the Board of Directors), especially if they have no experience in design or websites.
Give ownership of the project to a handful of people so that you can reign in scope while also providing consistent and clear direction for your designer and developers.
For our website refresh, we had our CTO and CEO (me!) coordinate and collaborate with the designer. We see our website as our storefront, so having key leadership take charge of it is a key priority.
Provide detailed feedback
During this website project, we used several tools to help deliver feedback. Giving feedback by email would be a mess so we wanted a systematic and efficient way to track feedback. Here are some of the tools that we used:
- Invision – This is a free online collaboration tool used by designers. It's a great way to see mock-ups and attach comments to designs.
- Google Docs – We used Google Docs to keep track of feedback revisions and change requests.
- Skitch – This is a screenshot tool that allows you to attach comments and easily share it.
- Skype – We used this for screen sharing so our designer could show us his work-in-progress designs.
Using these tools allowed us to efficiently see progress as well as keep track of our feedback to our designer . This helped us move quickly and in the right direction.
Add migration time in your plan
After starting the second go at our website redesign in November, we aimed for a release date 3 months later. We were excited to hit our timeline in February and were eager to release it a week later.
Unfortunately for us that plan didn't account for migration.
Major migration items for you to consider include:
- Loading new content – Adding and revising copy and images on your new website.
- Importing blog posts – Importing old pages and blog posts to your new website. Making sure that everything displays properly.
- Technical integrations – Adding newsletter sign up boxes, analytic tools, and other items to the new website.
- DNS considerations – If you're moving to another host as we did, you'll want to account for this so you don't incur any downtime.
- SEO – Make sure your new website pages have the right optimizations so you don't get a drop in traffic.
All in all, these tasks took an additional four weeks to complete as there were revisions that needed to happen internally.
Even though we had a rough start and ended up wasting a few months of time, our second time around was seamless.
Learn from our mistakes so you can launch a website refresh the right way!
One of the toughest challenges designers face when pitching prospective clients is winning over their trust and confidence. If your prospective clients haven't worked with you in the past, they'll likely have hesitations about handing over their hard-earned cash to a stranger. To win their confidence (and close the deal!), you'll need to take some extra steps to reassure them that your design work will not only be a success aesthetically, but that it will also help them achieve their business objectives.
One of the greatest tools in a designer's arsenal for overcoming this unique obstacle is the case study.
Case studies are narratives that reveal what you are capable of as a designer. They allow you to walk prospective clients through the contextual details of your existing project work so you can outline your creative strategy from conception to completion. They are the perfect tool for boosting the quality of proposals and adding credibility to your portfolio website.
The best case studies move beyond intuition-based explanations and document the rationale behind the design, UX, and visual decisions. They offer a more humanized perspective into the design process that, ultimately, makes a business case for your work. This leaves you in a better position to prove your value (and price) to even the most skeptical client.
You might also like:How to Create a Compelling Web Design Portfolio
First things first: Plan for your case study ahead of time
Before we take a deep dive into the kind of content that makes a great case study, I want to stress the importance of creating a case study for each project you work on.
While this may seem like a lot of extra work, you can facilitate the writing process by taking the time to proactively think about how you will document your projects and their successes before you begin working. That way, you're guaranteed to end the project with strong documentation that reflects your thinking, iterations, and key results as accurately as possible.
With that out of the way, let's take a look at the five core elements that should be included in any case study.
You might also like:The Ultimate Guide to Finding Web Design Clients.
The 5 core elements of a web design case study
1. The Overview
Think of your Overview section as the executive summary of your case study. It's the Cole's Notes version of the document, and allows your prospects to quickly understand the highlights of your past work without reading the entire thing. This section should include the core takeaways from all other sections including the main problem, an overview of the solution, and key results.
While the Overview will be your least detailed part of the case study, it is probably your most important. Only the most meticulous clients will take the time to read through your entire case study; the majority of them will just quickly skim through in order get the gist. Because of this, drafting a complete and well-articulated overview should be your top priority.
An overview section can be as simple as this example by Work & Co.
Pro Tip: Write your Overview section once the rest of your case study is finished. That way you can simply scan over the main points of each section and summarize them into a one or two paragraph synopsis.
2. The Context and Challenge
The second section of your case study — commonly referred to as the Context and the Challenge — is designed to provide your prospective client with a detailed description of the context that led to the creation of the project. If it's well-written, the reader will leave with a solid understanding of the environmental factors and problems that you were hired to solve as a designer.
This section can be distilled into three main elements:
1. Project background and description — The contextual information for the project including timelines, budgetary constraints, and the overarching purpose of the job.
2. The problem — The "why?" and the focal point for the project. Your case study needs to clearly explain the problem that led to the onset of the project. For example, if you were working on an ecommerce project then your problem could be something similar to:
"Interest for company X's core product was growing internationally at an unprecedented scale. This led to severe logistical and distribution problems that could not be fixed by physical retail solutions alone."
3. Project goals and objectives — Every website you work on should have tangible goals and objectives associated with the project's problem. Are you trying to drive more traffic to the site overall? Optimize product pages for higher conversions? Reduce cart abandon rates? No matter what your objectives are, try your best to include any quantifiable metrics that were known at the onset of the project.
A simple, yet descriptive, "challenge" in Super Top Secret's case study
Pro Tip: The core elements of The Challenge are often presented to you in the project Request for Proposal or creative brief. If you are working on a more personal level with your client, however, try capturing this information in conversation. This will become the basis of your brief and, eventually, your case study too.
3. The Process and Insight
The purpose of this section is to elaborate on your design process, creative concept, and insight that led to your design decisions. It's also an opportunity for you to walk your prospective client through the research, workflow, and iterations of your design work.
When writing content for this section, you want to illustrate how you got from The Challenge to The Solution. Make sure the flow of information is logical and that it culminates with a core insight about your client's audience, business, or industry. These insights can stem from your client's unique selling properties and key differentiators, or from their audience's behavioural and consumption habits.
To ensure your reader conclusively arrives at these insights as well, you're going to need to thoroughly document your research. Include any details about A/B tests, user research interviews, and key brainstorming takeaways that led you to uncover those crucial pieces of information.
A simple version of a "process section" from nurun's case study
Pro Tip: Finding a core truth about your client's audience can be one of the toughest challenges as a designer. If you're lucky, your client might already have substantial research about their customers. Use their knowledge and this research to help you craft an insight. Otherwise, try employing tactics like A/B testing and user research to help guide your design decisions.
4. The Solution
The Solution is where you get to show off your skill and style as a designer. It's your chance to feature any and all samples of your work — from videos, landing pages, custom integrations, and anything else you created for the project.
To really get the most from this section, be sure to include written descriptions about your design work. Take the time to explain in detail your site's defining features like its UX, navigation structure, content strategy, or unique mobile attributes. If you put the effort into crafting descriptions that complement your visual assets, your readers will feel much more confident in your decisions as a designer.
A sample highlighting animated design elements from This Also's case study
Pro Tip: Remember, the medium is the message. Don't limit yourself to screenshots alone. Incorporate interactive elements - animations, video, transitions, or anything else - that accurately represent your design work to really wow your prospects.
5. The Results
For most business owners, it's all about the numbers. That's why this section is crucial for an effectively written case study.
The Results section will cover the qualitative and quantitative success metrics from your project. While the type of metrics you report on can vary from one project to another, they should directly address the objectives you established in The Context and Challenge section. Having these results in hand will allow you to show your prospects that your work had a direct influence on your client meeting their goals. If you can do this, you'll help them feel more comfortable putting their business (and their money) into your hands.
In addition to, or in lieu of, quantifiable metrics, consider including one to three testimonials in this section. These testimonials are another great tactic for boosting the confidence of your prospects. Since the source of these reviews come from outside your business, prospects are more likely to trust them as a reputable reference. When including your testimonials, however, keep them short and sweet. They can be as simple as one or two sentences, so long as they illustrate your previous client's satisfaction with your work.
A nice mix of qualitative and quantitative results from Simon Pan's case study
Pro Tip: Be sure to collect testimonials from your clients near the tail-end of your project. Ask them to speak about your process, creative thinking, and the quality of the final product. Just make sure you get their approval to publish them!
5 examples of creative web design case studies
Although case studies should include a lot of important and somewhat formulaic information, they are still an expression of your unique personality and style. This means you have all the liberty in the world to get creative with their format and presentation. To give you some inspiration, here are five examples of creative web design case studies that we loved reading.
Aerolab — Xapo
Fantasy Interactive — Airlines Project
Michael Evensen — Soundcloud App
Robin Noguier — Allocine
Super Top Secret — University of Oregon
Do you have any case studies that you're proud of? Share them in the comments below.
About the Author
Simon is a coffee lover, former agency digital strategist, and Shopify Partners' Growth Marketing Manager. When he isn't hustling at the Shopify HQ, you can most likely find him dining at restaurants across the city or brushing up on the latest design trends.Follow @SimonHeats
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His other passion was revealed at a very young age through a guitar offered by his father on his fourth birthday.
Much later and located in Belgium he could be seen several nightclubs, cabarets and all the places to be in Brussels.he then began to build a recording studio in Brussels to perform his songs at his own pace .
His new life was punctuated by musical creation , composition and music productions.
The game changer was the meeting with Rod Steward, whom spotted him in a cabaret. Rod encouraged him to release a first solo single and said " Wota you have a voice and talent, go for it! " such support from an international star encouraged him to believe in himself and persevere.
He then went forward with collaborations including Luc Plamondon, Richard Cocciante, Andrea Boccelli , Francis Lalanne, Gilbert Montagne , Plastic Bertrand … ( to name but a few …) .
He also put his experience as an entrepreneur at the service of his musical passion and live music events as well as managing artists.
Later on he created a band named " Wamblee " ( # 1 Record) , his journey led him to become artistic adviser for the musical "Notre Dame de Paris " ( 3.5 million viewers) .
Determined to honor his Native American roots, he built two shops, a restaurant based on Native American cuisine and a unique equestrian center, one of its kind built partly on stilts ( technical tour de force reported by the press) restaurant.
His talent in the organization of events was revealed in an equestrian event based on Native Americans, which exceeded all expectations and was sold out with 18,000 entries in less two days on his estate of Braine l'Alleud.
His new challenge and pride to share with the world is called : Indian Spirit .
The story continues …


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Group A leaders, Australia, will use the same team that battled past Fiji in their World Cup opener when they face hosts England at Twickenham on Saturday.
The Aussies failed to earn a bonus point in their match against the Pacific Island nation who they beat 28-13. A much-changed side trounced Uruguay 65-3 in their second match but only one player will line up in the crunch clash against the hosts.
Bernard Foley returns at fly-half over Quade Cooper, with Michael Hooper alongside David Pocock in the back-row and Matt Giteau at inside-centre.
"This selection has been really clear on where we must improve and the level we must be at to compete with England," said Australia coach Michael Cheika.
A win for Australia will all but see England become the first host nation to fail getting past the group stages.
Australia Team
Israel Folau; Adam Ashley-Cooper, Tevita Kuridrani, Matt Giteau, Rob Horne; Bernard Foley, Will Genia; Scott Sio, Stephen Moore, Sekope Kepu; Kane Douglas, Rob Simmons; Scott Fardy, Michael Hooper, David Pocock.
Follow us on Twitter: @Four4TwoMedia


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Nobody likes getting sick; that's a fact. But something that most people do like is having a trusted doctor's office or healthcare facility they can turn to in the event that they are sick. This is an important fact to acknowledge, especially from a marketing perspective: People actively want to find a healthcare organization just like yours—it's up to you to be there once they start looking.
One of the best ways to get on potential patients' and existing patients' radars is by contacting them through direct mail. We know that direct mail continues to be an effective marketing channel, even with millennials, so it's certainly something doctor's offices everywhere should be tapping into when it comes to developing their marketing strategy. Here are some specific ways in which direct mail can make an impact for healthcare businesses:
Direct mail is a great way to acquire new patients
One of the most important ingredients when it comes to acquiring new patients is generating general awareness; someone won't think of you next time they're sick or in need of a treatment if they don't even know your business exists in the first place. By strategically targeting new audiences—such as sending an introductory mailer to zip-code-based mailing lists around your area—you can make sure that word of your business is getting out there. Plus, by using direct mail as one of the multiple touchpoints in your marketing strategy, you can ensure other marketing channels will be even more effective, because you'll already be top of mind.
Seasonality poses a huge marketing advantage
For doctor's offices and other healthcare institutions, business is often subject to seasonality. For example, pediatrician offices tend to be busier during the winter months, because that's during cold and flu season. With this inherent seasonality comes a great opportunity for strategic marketing; by targeting patients before or during a time they'll likely be seeking out services you offer, you can make sure you're top of mind by the time they need to make a decision.
Don't underestimate the power of delight
The reality is, most people don't associate visiting the doctor's office with happy memories. In fact, many people dread going to the doctor. One of the major ways your practice can combat this is by giving patients an opportunity to associate your business with positive feelings. One of the best (and easiest!) ways to connect with patients when they're not in your office is to reach them at home via direct mail. But beyond simply staying in touch, direct mail gives your business the chance to delight. Whether it's sending your patients friendly appointment reminders, general practice updates, a thank you note after their visit, or helpful tip sheets, there are so many ways you could engage a patient through direct mail.


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Geordie TV star Ant McPartlin and his wife Lisa are to divorce after 11 years of marriage.
Ant - half of golden couple Ant and Dec - decided to split from his wife, it was confirmed in a statement released to The Sun on Sunday newspaper on Saturday night.
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Ophthalmic Technician
Trish DooleyTell us about your work--what do you do? I measure patient's vision . Eye exams help determine whether patients need corrective lenses or new prescriptions for their glasses . What skills are needed? Some mathematical ability ; you may need to work algebraic equations. You should also enjoy working closely with people, and it helps to have patience . Patients really need for you to explain procedures thoroughly. What was your major? Associates Degree in Optometry How did you get started in your career? This is a second career for me. Prior to this job, I worked as an electrician, but I didn't find it rewarding because I had little contact with people. I first applied for a local nursing program, but it was full. I then decided to pursue a career in ophthalmology because I knew I wanted to help people, and I had an interest in the medical field. What experience do you need in this job? Ophthalmic assistants are in high demand right now. Most offices are hiring workers without any experience, but to be permitted to perform the more technical aspects of the job need to have an associates degree. Describe your "typical" workday: My work day is fairly routine and I like that. However, variety does come into play because each patient is a different person. About half my time is spent with patients who are scheduled for annual eye exams. The exam involves using the phoropter to test their vision . The other half of my day is spent checking patients' eyes after cataract surgery . We see a lot of elderly people, but that's not the case in every optometrist's office. For instance, you might work in a lab or office that specializes in children. Also, I'm on my feet most of the day. What is the hardest aspect of your job? The continual need to learn new skills. For example, there's different equipment I need to learn to use, such as a new instrument that measures the cornea for cataract implants. What is the most rewarding aspect of your job? Knowing that I'm improving the quality of patients' lives by helping them see better. I love my job! What are your suggestions for someone considering this field? I recommend that you talk to someone who is in this job and find out what they do. If possible, visit their lab or office and see what's involved first-hand. Before accepting a position, it's also a good idea to find out what the doctor's management style is like. The optometrist really sets the tone for the work atmosphere , and you'll perform your job better if you feel comfortable.
See also:


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("exhaust aftertreatment", according to Google Translate)
That is not catalytic converter, that is urea injection. Catalytic converter cannot be disabled - it is always in-flow for the exhaust.
American investigators are looking into Mercedes maker Daimler's use of engine management software that is alleged to help its vehicles pass emissions tests, according to reports. German tabloid Bild am Sonntag splashed yesterday (behind paywall) that US investigators had found "several software functions that helped Daimler …
Top tip: if you have a diesel check out the new MOT rules coming 20/4, I think a lot of cars are going to go off-road.
It is only an extra DPF presence/tamper test. Various forms of De-EGRisation as done by most commercial and hire car drivers in London are still not checked for. So the real problem with diesel in urban environments, namely NO2, will continue as before...
By the way - it is 20th of May, not 20th of April.
Actually, any form of accelerative thrashing round town or motorway will do, but simply running on the motorway could make it worse. A lot of reasonably powerful diesels can do 60-70 below 2,000 rpm, and the turbo will be providing virtually no boost, and exhaust gas velocity will be very low. That will give great fuel economy, but builds up soot in the exhaust system
ready to be belched when overtaking cyclists which could be a problem if you then drop it in for the MoT. The DPF will not help that much, because you'll still get the ultra fine soot in the rear silencer box and tailpipe.
AC mentioned, "...if your emissions had any visible smoke..."
Years ago, I got pulled into a debate about diesel emissions. The issue was that cars were being tested to the nth parts per million degree, while heavy diesel vehicles (including city buses in the downtown core) were freely roaming around belching great columns of black soot.
The point that I was trying to make at the time was that 99+% of the ground level air pollution in the city core was from the city's own fleet of smoke belching buses. It seemed ineffective to waste resources by addressing the wrong source. Just in case actually being effective mattered to anyone.
I looked up the pollution standard for heavy diesel vehicles. They must not block more than 40% of the light when measured across their tail pipe. So a 'Pass' still allows a great column of black soot to be emitted. And most city buses at that time and place would not pass even that.
An amazing observation was that the 100+ commuters clustered around a downtown bus stop at the evening rush hour, craning their necks to read the number on the next bus, they didn't even flinch when the previous bus pulled away dosing them in a thick cloud of black soot. Not even a flinch!! I've never seen so many totally uninformed people, disinterested in their own health, all in one uniformly daft crowd before. It was unbelievable.
I'm looking at you downtown Ottawa spreadsheet jockies, circa 2002. They're probably all already dead, cremated with unexpected ferocity and oily stink, and then buried as hazardous waste.
I looked up the pollution standard for heavy diesel vehicles.
That was a UK specific issue. UK was the only country in Europe which disallowed diesel fumigation (*). In the pre-DPF days fumigating a diesel with small injection of LPG at the air intake manifold was the only way to reduce soot by several orders of magnitude. This technique is now out of fashion for automotive - it is replaced by DPF. It will probably not pass today reqs too - it makes the burn much cleaner resulting in significantly higher NO2 emissions. It is still used for motorboats as well as other places where DPF is not suitable.
Unfortunately, in addition to reducing soot, it also increases power output and reduces diesel fuel consumption. As a result it suffered the fate of anything which could endanger the fuel excise revenue. Sleazy Tony Bliar and Gordon Brownpants did not make compromises on anything like that. Anything which would significantly reduce excise revenue was sabotaged by any means possible. So UK pretended it did not exist while most of Eu large city public transport (f.e all of Milan, most German cities, etc) ran fumigated.
This is the root cause of the ridiculous soot standard for city buses, etc ~15-20 years ago. It was there in order to be able to pretend that fumigation is unnecessary.
(*)Aka white diesel, disel bianco, etc
Autobahn - yah, Motorway - nein. Insufficient revs to give the DPF filter a good burn.
At least that's a good argument to leave it in "sports" mode (not as weird for a diesel as you might think). I wonder if it's an acceptable excuse for speeding :p. "I was cleaning my exhaust, officer, and no, I did not mean that as a euphemism."
This is why I dislike high levels of automation - I would prefer that the engine told me it needs a good stretch to heat up and clean itself but nowadays you're lucky if you still get a temperature gauge.
"I looked up the pollution standard for heavy diesel vehicles.
That was a UK specific issue."
Are you sure about this? "Free market" lobbyists in US established the practice of standards exempt glider trucks where old, emission systems unencumbered engine is mounted into the new truck frame. Just don't try doing the same to your personal vehicle where any modification may render it off-road only (cops turning blind eye are entirely different story). With or without the emission systems, I'd argue that no commercial diesel vehicle should be permitted unless equipped with vertical exhaust pipe, 10+ feet off the ground (including f.. school buses).
All modern cars I've seen automatically burn off the soot. The problem comes when you do so many short journeys that they don't get the chance.
I think I'd rather I could ask for a "clean" when I wanted one rather than doing a rare short trip and finding the car has decided to go into burn mode... what does it think it is Windows 10?
" belching great columns of black soot."
The black columns of soot aren't actually as much of a problem as you may think. Those are heavy particles which don't get deep into lungs and don't stay in the air very long.
The dangerous stuff is invisible and emitted by cars too - and cars running lean emit shitloads of NOX - it's one of the reasons the USA legislated stociometric fuel mixtures (they could have regulated tailpipe emissions and let makers solve the issue however they wanted but regulating fuel ratios meant cheap 3-way catalysts and meant that a lot of japanese R&D into high-milage/low NOX had to be thrown out. Advantage Detroit - and that's why VTEC and friends went away.)
Using veg oil (or a blend) reduces NOX and smoke dramatically, but the heavier oil gives startup difficulties. The bigger problems for busses and suchlike is the highly variable loadings and a decent hybrid drivetrain (NOT Boris busses) might go a long way towards solving that. (the existing ones are a bit of a faff, or constantly breaking - or both - quality british designs and all that.)
If they really want to know about the effects of Diesel emissions on the human body, they just need to come to the shop that I work in. 90% of the engines we work on are pre-emissions controls of any kind and we don't have the kind of ventilation that takes the exhaust straight outside.
American investigators are looking into car company Daimler's use of engine management software that is alleged to help its vehicles pass emissions tests, according to reports.
Of course no one at Daimler knows anything about this and in a statement they will deny any knowledge of wrongdoing while promising to investigate internally. Investigate internally meaning getting rid of as much evidence as possible before anyone starts asking too many questions.
This is where Over The Air updates of automobile ECUs would be very helpful. Manufacturers could overwrite their cheat code from the entire fleet.
Somebody would point out that there might be a crashed car in a junkyard that would give the game away. No problem, they'll have Thermite to melt the EEPROM in the event of any disabling crash.
Yep, as updating at the end of the month* to make sure all the test go through correctly. ;)
*Actual GPS co-ordinates of all the MOT centres would need to be used instead. You could hide all evidence of a change to the ECU... but of cause could easily get detected by mobile testers.
This is where Over The Air updates of automobile ECUs would be very helpful. Manufacturers could overwrite their cheat code from the entire fleet.
As it so happens, most new Mercs are already online all the time, that's how the whole "Mercedes Me" thing works. As far as I can tell it's low throughput, but as it's but a SIM, paying providers to allow a bit more data through the pipe may prove a wise investment. I don't think there is presently a link to the ECU data, but it is already able to report fuel levels, odometer and tyre pressures so the wall between this system and the ECU may not be as thick as it ought to be..
The scandal has superficial similarities with accusations that Apple was fiddling CPU benchmarking scores back in 2003. ®
If both reports are true then Apple fiddled performance reports to show their product was better than it was. The only negative effect would have been a small cost to the wallet of people involved.
Cheating on vehicle emissions tests however, is a bigger issue. The emissions test is set to require safe levels of particulates and gasses to be emitted. Cheating on this test and emitting unsafe levels of particulates and gasses has health effects for everybody. It's been reported elseware that 50,000 people in the UK die every year due to cars that shouldn't have passed emissions tests emitting illegal levels of pollution, and many more people have chronic respitatory diseases as a result of companies ignoring the law for their own profit.
There is no real comparison in severity between the two.
@Peter2 - Cheating emissions tests by the manufacturer is beyond stupid. Having dealt with feral regulations and an technically incompetent agency called the EPA, I would not be surprised if poorly, vague rules are partially to blame. There items in the EPA regulations that are rather vague and when you ask the EPA for clarification you get no answer only a sickening feeling whatever your interpretation is the ferals will say it is wrong. Under Chevron (a Nine Senile stupidity), the agency's interpretation is automatically considered correct even if their reading comprehension is abysmal. So welcome to Club Fed.
"It's been reported elseware that 50,000 people in the UK die every year due to cars that shouldn't have passed emissions tests emitting illegal levels of pollution"
And a similar amount die due to people who should not be driving on the roads so why not ban cars altogether?
We put up with a certain "collateral damage" for our modern lifestyle, be it mining deaths or road deaths or whatever deaths
"It's been reported elseware that 50,000 people in the UK die every year due to cars that shouldn't have passed emissions tests emitting illegal levels of pollution"
It's all relative.
NOX emissions are only a problem in heavily built up areas and in places like the immediate vicinity of the M25 (go 100 metres either side and the levels are fine). The penalty for reducing NOX is increasing CO2/poor mileage.
ECU processing power is thousands of times higher than it was 15 years ago and NOX sensors are 1/100 the cost they were a decade ago. It's perfectly possible to make a car system which sniffs the intake air and switches to low emissions mode when local conditions are getting bad.
That said, around HALF of the NOX emissions in UK cities are from stationary sources, with almost all of that being boilers and almost all of those boilers being pre-1990s installations. There are residential streets in London where NOX levels can be 100 times the legal limit without an operating car in sight, thanks to a couple of these installations. They also tend to be extremely heavy CO emitters.
This is despite the emissions cheating on Euro5/6 vehicles. If car makers had been honest, then boilers would probably be 2/3 to 3/4 of the emissions by now (which demonstrates the laws of diminishing returns quite well - all the fuss about dieselgate and 40-60,000 of the heaviest emitters carry on with no attention paid whatesoever)
Boiler NOX emissions have been regulated since about 2004 but old installations are grandfathered for 20 years. Attempts to persuade owners of these boilers to upgrade (including offering to pay for the work) have been fruitless. It's not a case of them not affording to do it, they actively don't WANT to do it and they're likely to spend significant amounts of money resisting legistlative attempts to force them to change when the grandfathering runs out int he mid 2020s.
I suspect the same software that was used by VW. The VW cheating software was provided by Bosch, pretty much the only supplier of car electronics for all German manufacturers. Essentially, the Bosch people programmed the cheating version and gave a copy to VW (and, how it looks, everyone else) with a "but only for testing [wink wink nudge nudge]", with the winking and nudging being enough to keep Bosch legally in the clear.
"Essentially, the Bosch people programmed the cheating version and gave a copy to VW"
It's a test mode and it's an _essential_ part of the system for development and diagnostic purposes.
As I understand it, when Bosch found out about what was happening it complained pretty loudly to VW and attempted to tip off the regulators.
Sign of the virtue signalling times I suppose.
I have bought more than one motorbike which had specifically added flat spots in the fueling to meet noise emission regulations. Testing required measurement at something like 30mph second gear and maximum throttle. Big bikes would be slow and quiet a couple of mph either side of 30 in second while being loud and pulling wheelies or spinning tyres everywhere else.
Manufacturers have been following the letter and not the spirit of regulation and standards for decades. Can't say I blame them and the EPA or whoever it is should be the ones criticised for coming up with unrealistic tests that were easy to 'game'.
The outrage is certainly overblown in the US. As were the fines. But it was an egregious example of flouting the rules and getting away with it.
The interesting aspects of this are as much about the details of what's allowed: clean the exhaust fumes but only in near to ideal conditions*. And no need for the car companies to do anything until after years of legislative procrastination bans become inevitable. The solution will be Cash for Clunksers 2™ with handouts for a new cleaner to be fitted, which will still only have to work on warm days, or a new car. People love the idea of money for nothing or "getting something from their tax" so this will be wildly popular.
Meanwhile the Chinese are working had on all electric vehicles for short journeys like buses — Shenzen has now got 15,000 of the buggers — at purchase prices that will soon undercut diesels.
* which even the courts admit with the OLG Düsseldorf recently stating bluntly that it didn't matter than the tests were a load of cobblers, they are still the correct ones. Nice bit of legal chutzpah!
Manufacturers have been following the letter and not the spirit of regulation and standards for decades. Can't say I blame them and the EPA or whoever it is should be the ones criticised for coming up with unrealistic tests that were easy to 'game'.
That's the only way they can cover their butts and get listed as compliant. Government agencies pass rules, not guidelines, ideals or targets. A properly run agency would be focused on **end results**, but that would require bureaucrats to be competent and able to think for themselves. Many of these rules are irrelevant and/or not the best solution, but the rules-based agencies prefer to establish those rules, then sit on their duffs and let their underlings report back meaningless numbers.
Both of you, have an upvote from me.
The rules say that "under condition X the emissions must not exceed Y". So AIUI the cars met the required standards - under condition X they didn't exceed Y emission. The problem is that the standards set don't measure what the regulators want to control - because it's essentially unmeasurable.
It doesn't help that they've made the emissions standards so tight these days that it's not really possible to truly meet them under actual driving conditions.
Maybe the EPA and other state testers should think about supplementing the normal rolling road test with an occasional, additional, drive-it-round-the-block-for-real test.
I'm sure it is not beyond the current state of the art in engineering technology to create an exhaust emissions analyzer that could collect the results of, say, 20 km of real driving after an initial random drive of, maybe, 20 to 80 km.
Naturally such results will be less reproducible but if they are a million miles off the rolling road results, further investigation can be performed.


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The travel diet, tips for eating right on the road
One of the more enduring selling points of travel is the promise of leaving much of our day-to-day routine at home. The part of it we too often leave behind, however, is our healthy diet.


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- Comment on "A Cluster of Three Cases of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome among Canadian Military Personnel", Jan Clement, Piet Maes, Veroniek Saegeman, Katrien Lagrou, Marc Van Ranst, and Åke Lundkvist
Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology
Letter to the Editor (3 pages), Article ID 7458409, Volume 2016 (2016)
Published 20 December 2016
Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology
Volume 2016, Article ID 2757969, 4 pages
A Cluster of Three Cases of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome among Canadian Military Personnel
1Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Medical Microbiology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, QC, Canada H4A 3J1
2Infectious Diseases Research Center of the CHU de Québec, Université Laval, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4G2
3Laboratoire de Santé Publique du Québec, 20045 Chemin Ste-Marie, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3R5
4CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôpital de l'Enfant Jésus, 1401 18e rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4
Received 2 December 2015; Accepted 14 March 2016
Academic Editor: Marianna Ofner
Copyright © 2016 Leighanne O. Parkes et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a rare illness in eastern Canada. We present three cases of HPS among military personnel in Quebec. The three cases shared a common exposure to mouse excreta while engaged in military training in Alberta, a western province of Canada.


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Light Tactic's quirks seem less of a problem
OZONE PARK, N.Y. - Trainer Richard Schosberg didn't know what was going to happen when jockey Ramon Dominguez dropped Light Tactic in behind horses entering the far turn of the Dec. 2 Personal Bid Stakes.
"A horse like her, you figure dirt in her face and she'd freak out,'' said Schosberg, noting Light Tactic's temperamental nature.
Light Tactic took the dirt just fine and rallied in the stretch for a convincing 3 1/2-length victory in the Personal Bid for New York-bred 3-year-old fillies. Friday, Light Tactic tries to make it 4 wins from 5 career starts when she meets six statebred fillies and mares in the $65,000 Ruby Rubles Stakes at six furlongs at Aqueduct.
Light Tactic won her first two starts by pressing the pace. In the Iroquois Handicap, Light Tactic finished a nonthreatening seventh, but Schosberg had previously said she was horsing, or in heat, at that time.
Light Tactic then bounced back nicely with her Personal Bid victory.
"I was impressed with the fact she laid off the pace,'' Schosberg said. "The fact she dropped back in behind four horses, took the dirt in her face, and never really batted an eye. I was impressed with that, especially with her quirky attitude. Maybe she's just maturing a little bit.''
Light Tactic, who will break from post 5 under Ramon Dominguez, will be coupled with Towering Escape, who has not won since taking an allowance race over a muddy inner track on Jan. 1, 2007.
Karakorum Starlet returns to New York-bred company for the first time since she won the Iroquois at Belmont on Oct. 20. Since then, she has faced open company three times, finishing second in the Smartangle Stakes and in the Interborough Handicap on Jan. 1.
Tamberino enters the Ruby Rubles off two straight front-running victories. Trainer Tom Bush had her entered in the Interborough, but thought the track was "dreadful'' that day and scratched. Tamberino figures the one to catch under Alan Garcia on Friday.
"She's got natural speed for sure,'' Bush said.
One Tough Belle has a win and a second in her two most recent dirt starts. Trainer Bill Badgett said One Tough Belle's improvement can be attributed to a throat operation she underwent after a turf race in July.
Starship Cruiser, who is 3 for 3 against statebreds, makes her first start since Juneo27 for trainer Richard Dutrow Jr.


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