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[CORE-13988] booting hangs if SATA operation mode is set to AHCI Created: 2017-11-09 Updated: 2017-12-25 Resolved: 2017-12-25
|Core ReactOS
|Fix Version/s:
|Michael Arthur Long
|230UNIATA1.png 230UNIATA2.png 230UNIATA3.png 230UNIATA4.png 230_AHCI.log 230_ATA.log ReactOS 0.4.7 RC1 UniATA 46e4.log debug.log and backtrace.log debug.log with UniATAdbg.txt uniata_46e4-46e5.patch
|Issue Links:
So I used the debug to screen booting mode to gather the debug log:
Is there anything else I can do to help?
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-11-19 ]
I attached a debug log and the backtrace which I could receive via RS-232. But it looks a little bit different than the screen debug output.
|Comment by alter-1 [ 2017-12-11 ]
Please install debug build of UniATA to get detailed log via rs232
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-15 ]
I used the ReactOS version 0.4.6 r75965 +new usb from vgal. Then I replaced the ReactOS file usbehci.sys with the one from Windows so I got mouse and keyboard working. Then I installed UniATA debug version 46e3. Then I set the SATA operation to "ATA", booted to desktop and received the debug log 230_ATA.log. Then I set the SATA operation to "AHCI" and booted but ReactOS crashed again. I also receiver the debug.log 230_AHCI.log . When ReactOS crashed I couldn't enter "bt" anymore. I tryed it twice. Putty didn't even show the letters.
|Comment by Javier Fernandez [ 2017-12-15 ]
please attach pictures, better than posting links. (links will die)
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-15 ]
I just attached the 2 log files. The links are old and exist because JIRA does not allow the upload of big pictures.
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-15 ]
Here you go, I replaced the old links with lower resolution in-JIRA-pictures.
|Comment by Stas'M [ 2017-12-15 ]
Sorry for being offtop, but does these photos are taken using scanner?
Also why you just don't save them in JPG format? They will be much smaller.
|Comment by ThFabba [ 2017-12-15 ]
Tip for the future: if your screenshots are so big that Jira won't accept them, they're probably bigger than necessary. You could still size down the current ones to 35% and they'd be perfectly legible. There are no hidden barcodes or anything encoded in the on-screen logs so as long as the text is readable, they're fine
Edit: that also implies that if you attached the log as a text file, there will be no further information in a screenshot, so we won't need those.
|Comment by ThFabba [ 2017-12-15 ]
As for the actual bug: the backtrace is what contains the useful information here. In order to make sense of the parts that aren't in ntoskrnl.exe (in this case, uniata.sys and scsiport.sys) we either need you to resolve these addresses by using log2lines/raddr2line (https://www.reactos.org/wiki/Debugging#Translating_Addresses) or we need the exact binaries you used. That means if you use an unofficial ISO such as vgal's, we need a link to it please. Thanks!
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-16 ]
Stas'M Kind of. I placed the monitor on a photocopier and made a copy. Then I put the copy on my scanner. The quality is already very low and the text is barely readable so I didn't want to reduce the quality even further.
ThFabba The screenshots were made at a time when I had no working host pc to receive anything over RS-232. The link is here: http://vgal.ru.com/reactos-75965-new-usb/ and here is the direct link http://vgal.ru.com/downloads/bootcd-ReactOS-75965-vgal.7z
I will retry with the ReactOS usbehci.sys so I might be able to enter "bt". But somehow I have the feeling that the debug version of UniATA did no difference at all.
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-16 ]
I am sorry, no luck with the ReactOS usbehci.sys. I couldn't enter "bt" with it either.
|Comment by ThFabba [ 2017-12-16 ]
The resolved backtrace already tells pretty much the whole the story.
This is a BAD_POOL_CALLER bugcheck indicating that a pool allocation was attempted at an IRQL that was too high. MiAllocateContiguousMemory attempted to allocate 0x800 bytes of NonPagedPoolCacheAligned memory; it was called at IRQL 0xD (DIRQL).
That's a clear violation of the contract in the uniata driver, and may be fixed by queuing a DPC or performing this allocation in another function, such as HwStorPassiveInitializeRoutine.
The problem should be clear from just this, but a log with UniATA debugging may yield additional information useful to alter-1. To obtain one, remove the # from line 8 (#add_definitions(-D_DEBUG)) and build the driver/iso that way.
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-16 ]
ThFabba Thank you. Yes, I get "BAD_POOL_CALLER" on the blue screeen. I used vgals version so I could use a mouse and a keyboard to install the driver (but that didn't seem to happen anyway). But I can use a keyboard with PS/2 if I don't need a mouse.
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-16 ]
debug.log with UniATAdbg.txt I attached a debug.log with UniATA version 46e3 debug. Backtrace is also included. ReactOS version 0.4.7 RC1.
|Comment by alter-1 [ 2017-12-17 ]
MiAllocateContiguousMemory should not be called in this case at all. Please, try this uniata_46e4-46e5.patch patch
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-17 ]
If you like, then I will retry with 46e4 instead of 46e3 as before. But I cannot compile cpp files easily.
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-17 ]
ReactOS 0.4.7 RC1 UniATA 46e4.log I just copyed "uniata.sys" into ReactOS\system32\drivers\ and replaced the existing file. I hope that this kind of "installation" is correct. Your patch was not applied. It's version 46e4.
|Comment by alter-1 [ 2017-12-17 ]
46e5 contains fix exactly for this bug. New code prevents multiple execution of memory init. So, it must be applied fo further tests.
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-17 ]
As I said, I can not compile C++ files easily. Could you provide the new version in a compiled form? Thanks.
|Comment by alter-1 [ 2017-12-17 ]
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-17 ]
alter-1: Thank you. You have fixed the bug.
|Comment by Jedi-to-be [ 2017-12-17 ]
alter-1 Please update your site accordingly
|Comment by alter-1 [ 2017-12-20 ]
Site version is updated
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-25 ]
The new version has been commited in a76fdbd8cb5ea6a28b1e18213544988d767887e2. I did a retest with this version and now ReactOS has no problems anymore on the test machine when the SATA operation mode is set to AHCI. This means this issue is fixed. Thanks to all contributors.
|Comment by Javier Fernandez [ 2017-12-25 ]
Michael Arthur Long close report then
|Comment by Michael Arthur Long [ 2017-12-25 ]
@Javier Fernandez: Sorry, I thought my JIRA account has not the rights to do this. But the function was just hidden. Thank you.


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Credit to Mercury Energy
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Credit to Mercury Energy
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There's nothing more American than professional sport. We love our sports and we have plenty of them. Ever since we are young, were encouraged to play a sport and overtime we grow to love the sport that we play whether it's baseball, basketball, football, hockey, soccer, tennis, and the list goes on and on. We love sports because of what they teach us and how they mould us, but unfortunately when playing competitively there always needs to be a winner and a loser. And sometimes winning is a whole lot easier than losing- especially when the losses are crushing. Absorbing crushing losses doesn't get easier the older you get- they only sting more and tend to last longer. They aren't done in front of family and friends anymore but in front of 16,000 screaming fans and millions more watching from their homes. So, what constitutes a crushing loss? Any loss that is so unexpected it leaves the player or team devastated and reeling for months and even years later. Some losses can impact a a team, city, and and it's fans for several years. The memories hover over the arena and leave a city feeling deflated and defeated. With this list, well measure the agony of defeat against the thrill of victory that caused it. The 15 Toughest Losses in Sports History will also relive some of sport's most classical moments.
15 Tony Romo Botches the Hold
In 2007, Dallas Cowboy quarterback, Tony Romo, only needed to catch a snap and place-hold the football for his kicker to nail a 19-yard field goal attempt against the Seattle Seahawks in the NFC Wild Card playoff game. The kick would have won the game and advance the Cowboys into the next round. Trailing by one with the score 21-20, and 1:19 left on the clock, the Cowboys faced fourth-and-one. They sent in the kicker and the snap was good but Romo bobbled the snap and tried to run it in himself- only to be tackled on the two-yard line. Seattle went on the win the game, and Romo's reputation as a choke artist when a big game is on the line was etched in stone. Though often near the top of NFL quarterbacks in terms of passer ratings in the regular season, Romo has only been able to win two playoff games with the Cowboy throughout his 16 year career.
14 John Carney Misses
There is perhaps no greater pressure situation than kicking a field goal to tie or win a game. But while quarterbacks get all the glory, place kickers carry all the blame when their kick misses the mark. This is what happened to John Michael Carney while kicking for the New Orleans Saints. As a Saints took on the Jacksonville Jaguars on December 21, 2003, they trailed by a touchdown 20-13. The final moments were set up by an infamous play known as the "River City Relay." It required the Saints to use three lateral passes to score a touchdown just as time expired. All Carny needed to do was kick the extra point through the uprights and send the game into overtime. But Carney watched as his extra-point attempt sailed wide-right. The shocking moment was captured by Saints play-by-play radio announcer Jim Henderson, who screamed into the microphone, "NOOOO! He missed the extra point wide right! Oh my God, how could he do that?" Though they missed the playoffs that year, they won the 2004 ESPY Award for Best Play thanks to the Relay.
13 Bill Buckner Blunder
Baseball is a very superstitious sport and throughout its history it's had it's share of famous ones. Some involve the playing field such as stepping over the foul line, while others involved teams like "The Curse of the Billy Goat" which is attached to the Chicago Cubs. Then there was "The Curse of the Bambino" placed upon the Boston Red Sox for trading one of the greatest players to ever live- George Herman "Babe" Ruth Jr. During the 1986 World Series against the New York Mets, the Red Sox were well on their way to break The Curse when a slow dribbler down the first base line changed everything. Red Sox first baseman, Bill Buckner, was hobbled by chronic ankle soreness yet allowed to stay in the game by Red Sox skipper John McNamara. Concerned with Met's batter Mookie Wilson's speed, Buckner tried to hurry the play which resulted with Wilson's slow roller going off his glove, through his legs, and into right field. The Mets scored the winning run and the series in one of the most improbable comebacks in World Series history.
12 The Music City Miracle
This ending might sound like fun unless you're a Buffalo Bills fan. But for those familiar with the play know it as one of the most shocking endings to an NFL playoff game ever. On January 8, 2000, the Tennessee Titans took on the Buffalo Bills in a see-saw Wild Card game played in Tennessee. The Bills had scored what appeared to be the game-winning field goal when Steve Christie nailed his kick from 41 yards with only 16 seconds left to play. Down 16-15, Tennessee received the kickoff and proceeded to run a play they called "The Home Run Throwback." It called for the kick receiver to hand the ball off to Frank Wycheck- would then threw the ball across the field to Kevin Dyson. Dyson caught the ball and ran 75 yards to the end zone for the score. After a long and lengthy review, officials finally determined the play legal, and awarded the Titans the touchdown. They went on to win the game 22-16. What sparked even more controversy was Bills head coach Wade Phillips's decision to start quarterback Rob Johnson over Doug Flutie, who had started 15 games and led the team to the playoff game.
11 Ewing's Missed Layup
Playing in New York is definitely no walk in the park. Include being the number one Draft Pick of the NBA's first-ever lottery, and the saviour of a franchise badly in need of a title and you have Patrick Ewing. Ewing was the New York Knicks center during the '80s and '90s and "the guy" who was going to bring a title to New York. They even hired former Laker coach Pat Riley to ensure it happened. But when they failed to win the NBA Finals the year prior, expectations were at epic levels. Then on May 22, 1995, it all came crashing down. The Knicks were facing their bitter rivals- the Indiana Pacers (led by nemesis Reggie Miller). Ewing played well throughout the series- even hitting a game winner in Game Five with 1.8 left. But his Game Seven missed finger-roll lives in infamy. With a chance to tie and send the game into overtime, Ewing took an inbound pass and instead of dunking it, tried to lay it in. He missed and the Knicks were eliminated from the playoffs. Riley left the team after the loss and Ewing never brought a championship to the Garden.
10 The Fumble
Football fumbles happen all the time, but when you mention "The Fumble," it's in reference to the 1987 AFC Championship game between the Cleveland Browns and Denver Broncos. The game was played in 1988 at Denver's Mile High Stadium where the Broncos were up 38-31 with only six minutes left. They had jumped to an early 21-3 halftime lead, but then the Browns came storming back behind quarterback Bernie Kosar to keep the game close. Going for the game-tying score, Browns running back Earnest Byner appeared to be headed toward the goal line, only to get stripped by Broncos defensive back Jeremiah Castille. The Broncos pounced giving the Browns a safety instead of a much-needed touchdown. The game end 38-33 and "The Fumble" had gone on to exemplify Cleveland's lack of futility and fan's long suffering misery until Lebron James brought a title to Cleveland in 2016. The Cavs title win ended one of the longest droughts for a major sports city.
9 Chris Webber's Costly Timeout
Chris Webber's timeout blunder will always be remembered as one of college sports most memorable moments. He was part of the Michigan Wolverine's "Fab Five," which also consisted of fellow future NBA players, Jalen Rose and Juwan Howard, who were trying to avenge their championship loss to Duke the season prior. Taking on Dean Smith's North Carolina Tar Heels in New Orleans for the 1993 NCAA Championship game, they played it fairly close and the game came down to the closing moments. That's when Webber corralled a rebound and raced down the sideline. Down by two (73-71) with only 20 seconds left and surrounded by a sea of power-blue jerseys, Webber called for time out. The problem was Michigan was out of timeouts and the Wolverines were issued a technical. The Tar Heels won the game and sadly, Webber's collegiate basketball career ended that day. Though he played well (23 points, 11 rebounds, and three blocks), he'll mostly be remembered for that single blunder in New Orleans.
8 The Pats Almost Perfect
The 2007 New England Patriots were well on their way to becoming the first team to finish an entire season undefeated since the 1972 Miami Dolphins and only the New York Giants stood in their way to perfection. Dominant during the regular season, the Pats ran over opponents with intention trying to avenge their AFC Championship loss to their rivals, the Indianapolis Colts, in the playoffs. The Giants meanwhile, were heavy underdogs going into Super Bowl XLII having limped into the playoff as a Wild Card team. It took one of the most memorable catches in Super Bowl history-Eli Manning to David Tyree, who made a leaping, one-handed catch against his helmet for 32 yard gain to keep the Giant's hopes alive. Manning's touchdown pass to Plaxico Burress sealed the victory a few plays later giving the Patriots their only taste of defeat in front of a Super Bowl record 97.5 million US viewers.
7 Norwood Misses Wide Right
Scott Norwood was a Buffalo Bills placekicker for six years, making the Pro Bowl in 1988. Few know that Norwood once led the NFL in scoring and played in two Super Bowls- both with the Bills. What he's best known for is the kick he didn't make; a wide-right field attempt from 47 yard out in Super Bowl XXV. Facing the New York Giants on January 27, 1991 at Tampa Stadium, the Bills were locked in a low-scoring affair when Bills quarterback, Jim Kelly led the them down the field in their final possession. With eight seconds left, down 20-19, and the ball on the Giants 29 yard line, Norwood's booted football sailed less than a yard outside the upright goalpost- giving the Giants the Super Bowl victory. The loss was devastating to Bills fans and players and Norwood was waived after the following season. After leaving football, Norwood disappeared completely from the public eye for several years.
6 The Cubs and Steve Bartman
If you google the words "Cubs Infamy" one of the very first pictures you'll see is the play involving Cubs fan, Steve Bartman. Bartman thrusted himself into infamy when he attempted to catch a foul ball during the 2003 National League Champion Series, which turned out to be a very crucial moment. The long-suffering Cubs were up 3-0, over the then Florida Marlins, in Game Six at Wrigley Field. All they needed to advance to the World Series were five outs when the Marlins Luis Castillo hit a pop-up down the left-field line towards the seats. Cubs leftfielder Moises Alou, tracked the ball and attempted a play on it until Bartman interfered leaving Alou clearly frustrated and yelling towards him. Castillo walked, and the next batter delivered a run-scoring single. By the time the inning ended, the Marlins had scored eight runs to take an 8-3 lead and eventually the series. Fearing for his safety, Bartman was escorted out of Wrigley Field and was never seen in public again.
5 Bill Mazeroski Sinks The Yankees
Walk-off World Series home runs are perhaps the greatest moments of the game and baseball's had a few of them. Kirk Gibson's 1988 homer vs. the Oakland A's, and Joe Carter of the Blue Jays left-field dinger against the Philadelphia Phillies. But, before those moments of greatness, there was Bill Mazeroski's home run against the New York Yankees. "Maz" as he was known, was a great defensive second baseman. Some even argue he was the greatest second baseman to ever play the game, so when he stepped up to the plate, few expected him to do what he did. He hit one of the greatest home runs in Major League history and the only Game Seven World Series walk-off in World Series history. His homer ended the Yankees domination and began their sharp decline. They fired manager Casey Stengel, and many of their stars began to age- ending baseball's first true dynasty and one of the greatest teams in baseball history.
4 Jordan Over Ehlo
Michael Jordan is undoubtedly the greatest basketball players ever to lace up a pair of Nikes. But, Jordan needed to begin his legacy somewhere, so he chose Game Five of the 1989 Eastern Conference playoffs. Jordan's Bulls took on the Cleveland Cavaliers- who owned the Bulls during the regular season, going 6-0 against them. It was Jordan's sixth year in the league and he had yet to be on the winning end of a playoff series. The third-seeded Cavs had little reason to believe they wouldn't advance versus the sixth-seeded Bulls. That changed when Jordan took an inbound pass from Brad Sellers and in spite of being double-teamed by Craig Ehlo and Larry Nance, drained a jumper from the foul line. The moment was immortalized for those watching at home by the announcers who yelled, "Here's Michael at the foul line, the shot on Ehlo...GOOD! Bulls win! GOOD! THE BULLS WIN IT! THEY WIN IT!"
3 The Angels One Strike Away
Baseball is full of heart-breaking losses due to the fact that one pitch can decide an entire series- if not an entire season. Such was the case with the California Angels and Boston Red Sox. The game took place in Anaheim on October 12, 1986 during the American League Championship Series. Angels All-Star closer, Donnie Moore came in to pitch with the Angels needing only one out and were one strike away from advancing to the World Series for the first time in the franchise's history. The Red Sox' Dave Henderson was able to hit a 2-2 pitch for a home run to take the lead, which the Angels tied, sending the game into extra-innings. Staying in the game, Moore was able to keep pace until giving up a sacrifice fly in the 11th inning. The Angels failed to score and lost the game and eventually the series. The Red Sox would eventually suffer their own heart-breaker to the New York Mets.
2 Soviet Union Defeats Team USA in Basketball
Before MichaelJordan, Larry Bird, Patrick Ewing and Magic Johnson decided to take over Olympic basketball and reset expectations for future teams. There was the 1972 Team USA Summer Games heart-breaker in Munich, Germany. Down by one, a young Doug Collins, age 21, was fouled and stepped to the foul line with three seconds left to calmly drained both free-throws. As the Russians in bounded the ball, the Soviet coach tried frantically to call for a time out and jumped onto the court with the clock winding down- forcing the referee to stop play. What preceded next was a comedy of errors between referees, shot clock officials, and both teams. The Russians in bounded again, and missed a long shot beyond half court- sending the Americans into celebration as the horn sounded. But the game still wasn't over. The clock was never reset properly and the players were forced back onto the court. In their haste to return, the U.S. left reserve 7'2 center Tom Burleson on the bench instead of guarding against the long pass. This allowed 6'7 Russian Aleksandr Belov to score off the long inbound pass for the upset. In spite of two protests, the Americans were denied and never accepted their silver medals.
1 Tyson Loses for the First Time
"Iron" Mike Tyson was "the baddest man on the planet" in 1990. Dressed in his trademark all-black, Tyson entered the ring in Tokyo, Japan as a 75-1 favourite. Few expected his fight with Buster Douglas to last past two rounds. But fighting under the shadow of his recently deceased mother, Douglas went toe-to-toe with Tyson- even absorbing some of his blows. That allowed him to survive until the eigth round when Tyson caught him with a right uppercut which sent him to the canvass. After a long nine count, Douglass got to his feet and was saved by the bell. In the tenth, Tyson, under a flurry of blows, was clearly in trouble. Douglas kept up the pounding and floored Tyson for the very first time in his unbelievable career. Tyson fumbled for his mouthpiece in an attempt to get back up, but referee Octavio Meyran had seen enough and counted him out. Buster Douglas became the new Heavyweight Champion of the World and the fight is still regarded as one of the biggest upsets in sports history.


text:
" Some of the salient features of the book are: • The edition is not just a compilation but includes critical analysis by the author for all important cases covered
• Contains approximately more than 18,000 cases, from Supreme Court and High Court jurisprudence,
covering upto 358 ITR
• Provides completely new commentary, for important sections, in line with the changes in law.
• Provides commentary on the legislative history for all important sections
• Bare Act has been reproduced with all amendments since the inception of the Act, 1961
• Includes references to relevant rules and forms
• Also contains exhaustive references in CD format:
1. Indian Income-tax Act, 1922
2. Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 amended as at 1961
3. Income-tax Rules, 1962 and allied rules and schemes
4. Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements
5. All Finance Act circulars, since 1961
6. Important explanatory circulars
7. All allied acts to the Income-tax Act"
Book Launch: http://www.moneylife.in/article/tax-administration-needs-to-follow-greater-compliance-says-soli-dastur/35947.html
Book review: http://www.itatonline.org/info/index.php/why-kanga-and-palkhivala-on-income-tax-law-is-a-must-have-for-your-library/
"Contents Foreword to the Tenth Edition—Behram A Palkhivala v
Foreword to the First Edition—J B Kanga vii
Preface to the Tenth Edition ix
Acknowledgments xiv
Preface to the Ninth Edition xvi
Preface to the Eighth Edition xviii
Corrigenda xxi
List of Circulars Referred lxxvii
Table of Cases lxxxvii
Abbreviations ccxlvii
Chapter I
Section Page
S. 1. Short title, extent and commencement 1
1. The Old Act and the New Act 2
2. Direct Taxes Code, 2012 3
The Income-Tax Act and the Constitution of India
3. Legislative Entries in the Constitution 4
4. Constitutional validity of provisions 4
(a) Competence of the Legislature to Levy Tax 5
(b) Fundamental Rights 5
(c) Doctrine of Reading Down 7
5. Constitutional Remedies and Writs 8
(a) Articles 32 and 226 8
(b) Appeals to the Supreme Court 8
(c) Special Leave Petitions 8
(d) Supervisory Jurisdiction of High Courts 9
Principles of Interpretation
6. The Usage of Principles of Interpretation 9
7. The Rule of Literal Interpretation 10
8. The Rule of Strict Interpretation 11
9. Other Important Principles (Including Departure from the Rules of
Literal and Strict Interpretation) 11
(a) Contextual Meaning 12
xxiv Contents
Section Page
(b) Mischief Rule 12
(c) Updating Construction 13
(d) Reference to Other Statutes 13
10. Interpretation of the Income-tax Act 13
11. Harmonious Construction 15
12. Principle of Beneficial Interpretation 16
13. Case Governed by more than One Provision 16
14. Principles of Natural Justice 16
15. Casus Omissus 16
16. Doctrine of Contemporanea Expositio 16
17. Provision whether Mandatory or Directory 17
18. Amendments, Omissions and Repeals 17
(a) Declaratory or Explanatory Provision 18
(b) Omissions and Repeals 18
Interpretation of Certain Specific Provisions
19. Charging Provisions and Related Provisions 18
20. Machinery or Procedural Provisions 19
21. Limitation Provisions 19
22. Penal Provisions 19
23. Deeming Provisions and Legal Fictions 19
24. Legal Presumption 20
25. Appeal and Refund Provisions 21
26. Provisions Creating a Right 21
27. Provisions for Deduction, Exemption, Incentives, Benefits or
Relief 21
External Aids to Construction
28. Legislative History and Background 22
29. Circulars, Forms and Interpretation by the Income-tax Authorities 22
30. Speech of a Minister or other Parliamentary Material 23
Statement of Objects and Reasons, Explanatory Memorandum
and Notes, Drafts of Bills and Reports of Commissions 24
31. Previous Judicial Interpretation or Legislation 24
32. Provisions of other Statutes and Subsequent Enactments 25
Integrated Scheme of Direct Taxes 25
33. Dictionary Meaning 26
Internal Aids to Construction
34. Provisos 26
35. Explanations 27
36. Non Obstante Clauses 28
37. Marginal Notes and Headings 28
38. Punctuation 28
39. Definition Clause and Undefined Words 29
(a) Judicially Defined Words 30
(b) Rule of Ejusdem Generis 30
(c) Rule of Noscitur a Sociis 30
40. Binding force of a Supreme Court Judgment 31
Contents xxv
Section Page
(a) Reconsideration and Overruling 32
(b) Acceptance or Rejection of Petition for Special Leave to
Appeal 32
(c) Civil Appeal 33
41. Binding force of a High Court Judgment 33
Uniformity of Construction 34
42. Reliance on Decisions 34
43. Ratio Decidendi, Obiter Dicta, and Casual Observations 35
44. Circumstances that Destroy or Weaken the Binding Force of a
Precedent 36
45. Tribunal Orders 36
46. Burden of Proof 37
47. The Act is Exhaustive 37
48. Delegated Legislation under the Act 37
49. Rules, Notifications and Executive Instructions 38
50. General Power to Condone Delay 39
51. Necessity of Speaking Orders 39
52. Duty of Assessing Officer 40
53. Order or Notice under Wrong Section 41
54. Mistake of Lawyer or Accountant 41
55. Construction of Contracts 42
56. Holding and Subsidiary Companies and Holding Structures 42
57. Lifting the Corporate Veil 43
58. Double Taxation 43
59. English Authorities 44
60. Territorial connection, and extraterritorial operation of the Act 45
61. The Act does not Bind the Government 46
62. Sovereign Rulers and Foreign States 46
63. Exemption Claimed under Special Agreements with Quondam
Indian States or Permanent Settlement Regulations 47
64. Retrospective Legislation 47
(a) Partial Retrospective Operation: Assessment Barred before
Amendment of the Act 50
(b) Retrospective Effect of Provision for Appeal, Revision or
Rectification 51
(c) Retrospective Effect of Rules and Notifications 51
(d) Declaratory or Clarificatory 52
65. Disposition of Property so as not to Attract Tax: 'Form' and
'Substance' 52
"Look at" Test 53
66. Tax Avoidance and Tax Evasion 53
67. Vodafone, Azadi Bachao and McDowell—The Evasion/ Avoidance
Trilogy 57
68. Sub-section (2): 'It Extends to the Whole of India' 58
S. 2. Definitions 58
1. Clause (1A): Agricultural Income 61
(a) Clause (1A)(a): Agricultural Rent or Revenue 62
xxvi Contents
Section Page
(b) Clause (1A)(b): Income from Agricultural Produce and
from Manufacturing Process 67
(c) Exemption of Capital Gain on Transfer of Agricultural Land 69
(d) Clause (1A)(c): Agricultural House Property 69
(e) Agricultural Income is Exempt, Howsoever and by
Whomsoever it is Received: Agricultural Income as Part of
Business Profits 70
(f) Non-agricultural Income does not become Agricultural by
Reason of Indirect Connection with Agricultural Land 70
(g) Dividend Paid by Company out of Agricultural Income 71
(h) Disintegration of Income into Agricultural and Nonagricultural
Elements 72
(i) Burden of Proof 72
(j) Reference to Court 72
Clause (1B) [Explanation to Section 10(2)(vi-c)(i) of 1922 Act]:
Amalgamation 73
Clause (7) [Section 2(2) of 1922 Act]: Assessee 74
Clause (7A): Assessing Officer 76
Clause (8): Assessment 76
Clause (9): Assessment Year 77
Clause (10): Average Rate of Income-Tax 77
Clause (11): Block of Assets 77
Clause (12A): Books or Books of Accounts 78
1. Clause (13) [Section 2(4) of 1922 Act]: Business 78
2. Trade, Commerce or Manufacture 79
3. Adventure in the Nature of Trade 80
Capital Asset
1. Clause (14) [Section 2(4A) of 1922 Act]: Capital Asset 83
2. Controlling Interest not Capital Asset 84
3. Sub-clause (ii): Personal Effects 84
4. Sub-clause (iii): Agricultural Land 84
5. Land Within or in Vicinity of Municipality or Cantonment:
Items (a) and (b) 87
6. Explanation 87
7. Burden of Proof 88
8. Reference to Court 88
Clause (15) [Section 4(3) of the 1922 Act]: Charitable Purpose 89
Clause (15B): Child 90
Clause (17) [Section 2(5A) of 1922 Act]: Company 91
(a) One-man Company 92
(b) Assessment on Companies 92
(c) Company does not Pay its Tax on Behalf of its
Shareholders 92
(d) Industrial Company or Trading Company—Finance Acts 93
(e) Holding and Subsidiary Companies 93
(f) Other Definitions 93
Clause (18) [Explanation l to Section 23A of 1922 Act]: 'Company
in which the Public are Substantially Interested' 96
Contents xxvii
Section Page
Clause (19) [Section 2(5B) of 1922 Act]: Co-operative Society 96
Clause (19AA): Demerger 98
Clause (20) [Section 2(8A) of 1922 Act]: Director, Manager and
Managing Agent 100
Clause (21): Director General or Director 101
1. Clause (22): [Section 2(6A) of 1922 Act]: Changes in the Law 104
2. Dividends 104
3. 'Distribution' 105
(a) Sub-clause (a): Distribution of Accumulated Profits
Entailing Release of Company's Assets—Bonus Shares 105
(b) When Bonus Shares are Paid Off 106
(c) Sub-clause (b): Debentures, Debenture Stock and Deposit
Certificates—Bonus Shares to Preference Shareholders 107
(d) Sub-clause (c), Sub-clause (ia) and Explanation 2:
Distribution on Liquidation of Company 107
(e) Sub-clause (d): Distribution on Reduction of Capital 108
(f) Sub-clause (e), Sub-clauses (ii) and (iii) and Explanation 3:
Loans to Shareholders and other Monetary Benefits 108
(g) Constitutional Validity 111
(h) Sub-clause (i): Shares Issued for Full Cash Consideration 111
(i) Sub-clauses (iv) and (v): Buy Back of Shares and Demerger 111
(j) Explanation 1: 'Deemed' Dividend Paid Out of Capital Profits 111
(k) Dividend Properly so called under General Law, Paid Out
of Capital Profits 111
(l) Explanation 2: 'Accumulated Profits' 113
(m) 'Excess Dividends' 114
(n) Burden of Proof 114
(o) Exemptions and Deductions 114
Clause (22AA) "Document" 114
Clause (22AAA)—electoral trust 114
Partner and Partnership
Clause (23) [Section 2(6B) of 1922 Act]: Firm, Partner, Partnership 115
(a) Validity of Partnership 116
(b) Illegal Partnerships 119
(c) Genuine and Sham Partnerships 120
(d) Two Firms consisting of Same Partners 121
(e) Joint Family, Company or Firm, or Same Individual in
Different Capacities, as Partner 121
(f) Joint Family Business converted into Partnership Business 123
(g) Firm is an Assessable Entity 123
(h) Reference to Court 123
Clause (24) [Section 2(6C) of 1922 Act]: Income 127
(a) Sub-clause (ii-a): Voluntary Contributions received by
Charity 128
(b) Sub-clauses (iii-a) and (iii-b): Special Allowance for
Expenses 128
(c) Sub-clause (iv): Benefit or Perquisite Obtained from a
Company 128"
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Companion to Chaturvedi and Pithisaria's Income Tax Law–Wealth Tax Act, 1957
Chaturvedi and Pithisaria's High Court on Income Tax Case Digest (1922-2015) (Set of 4 Vols)
INCOME TAX LAW Vol 2
BCA's Tax Audit Manual
Chaturvedi and Pithisaria's: Income Tax Law, [Vol. 6A(1) and 6A(2)]
INCOME TAX LAW VOL. 9 (Sections 256 to 280)
Income Tax Law (Volume 6(1)) (Commentary on Service Tax Law)
Income Tax Law Volume 7(2)
INCOME TAX LAW VOL. 4 (Sections 56 to 80IB)
Chaturvedi and Pithisaria'sIncome Tax Law Vol 6B
Tax Law-I
Chaturvedi and Pithisaria Supplement to Income Tax Law (Set of 3 Vols)
Business Expenditure - As amended by the Finance Act, 2016 (Set of 2 Volumes)
Managing Tax Disputes in India–Key Concepts and Practical Insights
Tax Planning-Issues, Ideas, Innovations
Pithisaria and Pithisaria's Direct Taxes Circulars (1922-2015) [Set of 4 Vols]- Relating to the Law of Income, Wealth and Gift Tax, Black Money Act
Chaturvedi and Pithisaria's Master Guide to Income Tax Rules
INCOME TAX LAW VOL. 5 (Sections 80IC to 138)
INCOME TAX LAW VOL. 6 (Sections 139 to 181)
INCOME TAX LAW VOL. 7 (Sections 182 to 194 LD)
INCOME TAX LAW VOL. 8 (Sections 195 to 255)
INCOME TAX LAW VOL. 10 (SECTIONS 280A TO 298 and IT RULES, 1962 ALONGWITH ALLIED RULES and SCHEMES, ETC.)
Companion to Chaturvedi and Pithisaria's Income Tax Law (Tribunal Series)–Volume 10A to 10D (Set of 4 Volumes)
Tax Law Dictionary–With Legal Maxims, Latin Terms, and Words and Phrases
Direct Taxes Digest (1922-2011)--Covering cases decided by the Supreme Court, High Courts and Income Tax Appellate Tribunals (Set of 5 Vols)
Chaturvedi and Pithisaria's Supreme Court on Income Tax Case Digest (1922-2015) (Set of 2 Vols)
Handbook of Equalisation Levy
Tax Planning for NRIs
Chaturvedi and Pithisaria's Direct Tax Manual (Set of 3 Volumes)
Challenges of Indian Tax Administration
INCOME DISCLOSURE SCHEME 2016 – Free E-Book
A Treatise on Taxation of Real Estate Cases
Chaturvedi and Pithisaria's Income Tax Rules (with Allied Rules and Relevant Schemes)
Chaturvedi and Pithisaria's Income Tax Act (with Relevant Texts of Allied Acts)


text:
Entry requirements
A 2:2 UK honours degree or equivalent.
You can still apply for this course if you don't meet the academic requirements as long as you have around five years of experience in management. You must also show the following:
- sufficient motivation and ability to take the course
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You may be eligible for exemptions if you already have qualifications from a professional body.
Months of entry
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Course content
This course is accredited by the Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) and is designed to meet the needs of today's fast-moving marketing sector and its demand for managers who understand the latest trends.
If you wish to climb the career ladder rapidly, this course will ensure your success. Once you have this qualification, you'll be on top of the latest marketing trends and methods.
This programme is delivered and awarded by Arden University, who specialise in distance learning; 79% of their students reported that they saw improvements in their career after studying with Arden.
Programme taught in English in Germany. Flexible payment plans available, apply for October '18!
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