text:
Had opened the seventh seal. — "The seal of the living God." (Rev. 7:2.) The opening of the seventh seal is progressive. The opening and unfolding of the Truth goes on as the saints are sealed. By the time the saints are all sealed in their hearts and minds with the Present Truth, the deepest features of the Truth itself will have been disclosed. "The time will undoubtedly come in the near future when the number of the Elect will be complete. Then only such vacancies as might still occur by some falling out would remain." (Z.'14-68.) "God's people down through this Gospel age have been privileged to know something of the 'Secret of the Lord' — the Divine Plan. But not until the last seal is broken, does the scroll fly wide open, permitting the 'Mystery of God' to be fully disclosed; as it is written: 'In the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he shall begin to sound, the Mystery of God should be finished, as He hath declared to His servants the Prophets.' (Rev. 5:1; 10:7.)" — Z.'97-257.
There was silence. — "Assemble yourselves, and let us enter into the defenced cities, and let us be silent there: for the Lord our God hath put us to silence." (Jer. 8:14.) "They (the clergy) somehow realize that neither reason nor Scripture supports their false doctrines, and that the wisest method is to keep silent, in the shadow of old superstitions and under the protection of so-called Christian governments." — C158.
In heaven. — In the nominal ecclesiastical heavens.
About the space of half an hour. — On the scale of a year for a day this would mean but a week, and indicates that, as soon as the full number to complete the Body of Christ have been sealed with the Present Truth, persecution in a public way, and on an unprecedented scale, may be expected to begin almost immediately. (This verse should properly be included in Chapter 7.)
8:2. And I saw. — As the next vision of the grand series. Something never seen until the seventh seal is broken and the Mystery of God finished.
The seven angels. — Instrumentalities suitable for the work to be performed.
144Which stood before God. — Featuring the Reformation.
And to them were given seven trumpets. — Bugles with which to blow bugle-blasts of liberty from the oppressions of the papacy, leading up to and including the final blast of "Liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof." — Lev. 25:10.
8:3. And another angel. — Not the "voice of the Lord," mentioned in the preceding chapter, but the corporate body — the Watch Tower Bible And Tract Society, which Pastor Russell formed to finish his work. This verse shows that, though Pastor Russell has passed beyond the veil, he is still managing every feature of the Harvest work. "The Watch Tower Bible And Tract Society is the greatest corporation in the world, because from the time of its organization until now the Lord has used it as His channel through which to make known the Glad Tidings." — Z.'17-22; Rev. 14:18; 19:17.
Came and stood. — Waited before the Lord, after the Pastor's death, ready to do the Master's will.
At the altar. — The Brazen Altar, the place of sacrifice. (Ex. 38:1-7; Lev. 16:12, 13.) The fire for the sacrifice at the Golden Altar was obtained here and then carried to the Golden Altar where the incense was crumbled in it.
Having a golden censer. — Censers, or fire-pans, were of two forms, with handles and without. In this case the kind with the handle, used only on the Day of Atonement, is the one referred to. The incense was burnt while the high priest held the censer in his hand. Thus, in this prophecy, the great antitypical High Priest identifies Himself with the work of the Society, and places in its care — holds in His hand — the fire-pans, the things that lead us to the place where we sacrifice ourselves. Thus seen, the censer represents teachings, understandings of the Word; for it is our understanding of the Word which leads us to offer up all we have in the Lord's service. — Num. 16:6, 7.
And there was given unto him much incense. — The heart's best endeavors of the faithful fellow-members of the Body.
That he should offer it. — To Jehovah, through the Son. — Rev. 5:8.
With the prayers of all saints. — The Society is the only entity in the world answering to this description. It alone has offered on its behalf the prayers of all the saints, in harmony with the clause of the Vow which reads, "Daily will I remember at the Throne of heavenly grace the general interests of the Harvest work — the dear co-laborers at the Brooklyn Tabernacle and Bethel, and everywhere."
Upon the golden altar [which was] before the Throne. —
145The offerings take place "before the Throne," on this side the veil. — Rev. 1:4; 5:6; Ex 30:1-10.
8:4. And the smoke. — The fragrant, sweet perfume.
Of the incense. — Life's dearest ties, sacrificed in the Master's cause.
Which came with the prayers of the saints. — In harmony with the Vow of faithfulness. — Psa. 141:2; Luke 1:10; Acts 10:4.
Ascended up before God out of the angel's hand. — "As odor of a sweet smell, a sacrifice acceptable, wellpleasing to God." — Phil. 4:18.
8:5. And the angel. — The Watch Tower Society through its proper representatives.
Took the censer. — The Seventh Volume of Studies In The Scriptures, Divinely provided.
And filled it with fire of the altar. — Coals from the altar signify burning truths; and such the Lord's prophecies always are, when rightly understood. — Isa. 6:5-8. This is a plain intimation of God's purpose to use the Society in further unfoldings of His Truth as it becomes due. "We believe that the Lord will not scatter, but will 'turn His hand [power] upon the little ones,' in this dark hour of trial (Zech. 13:7)." — Z.'17-30.
And cast it. — Greek, "Deliberately hurled it"
Into the earth. — Among order-loving people. — Ezek. 10:2; Luke 12:49.
And there were [voices and] thunderings. — Seven Volumes of "Scripture Studies," this one being the last of the series. (Rev. 10:3, 4.) Thunders are symbolical of controversy, and this volume may cause some. Particularly is it to be expected that the clergy will thunder against whatever Truth it contains. Thunder is caused by the flashing of lightning through the heavens, opening them up, as it were. Immediately after the flash they come together with an angry roar. Thunder, of itself, seldom does anybody any harm. — Rev. 16:18.
And voices. — "These voices have been circulated here and there throughout the whole civilized world, not by worldly agents, not through book-sellers, but by those who have themselves been blessed by the light, and who desire to render a service to the Lord and to the Truth, and to lay down their lives for the brethren by taking to them the glorious and encouraging message now due to the Lord's people." (Z.'02-118.) Voices also symbolize discussion, contention.
And lightnings. — See Rev. 4:5; 11:19; 16:18.
And an earthquake. — "The term earthquake is used to symbolically represent revolution — it is in this sense of
146the word that it is used throughout the Book of Revelation. What we are to look for then will be a great revolution, the great symbolic earthquake, the great shaking of the present institutions which will overthrow everything that is not of the Lord's establishment and approval. Perhaps the symbolical earthquake will be accompanied by a literal one." — B. S. M.
8:6. And the seven angels which had the seven trumpets. — "We, in common with almost all expositors, recognize that the seven trumpets of Revelation are symbolical and not literal." — Z.'02-116; Josh. 6:4.
Prepared themselves to sound. — "Christian people in general understand that five of these trumpets have already 'sounded' and are in the past — we would say six. It is admitted that those that have already 'sounded' have not been literal blasts of a bugle on the air. But literal things are so much more easily received by the natural man that many advanced Christians, Bible students and ministers, are really expecting some day to hear what is sometimes denominated 'Gabriel's horn,' shrill enough and loud enough to awaken the dead." (Z.'02-116.) As thoughtful Christians we should expect that, as this period is that in which the great sects have risen, its history should pay particular attention to them, and thus we find. The Reformation particularly affected "three parts" of the papal dominion, Germany, England and France. — Rev. 8:7-10.
8:7. And the first [angel] sounded. — The movement began, which later developed into the Lutheran General Synod, Lutheran United Synod South, Lutheran General Council, Lutheran Synodical Conference, United Norwegian Lutheran Synod, Ohio Independent Lutheran Synod, Buffalo Lutheran Synod, Hauge's Lutheran Synod, Eleisen's Lutheran Synod, Norwegian Lutheran Synod, Danish in America Lutheran Synod, Icelandic Lutheran Synod, Immanuel Lutheran Synod, Suomai Finnish Lutheran Synod, Finnish National Synod, Finnish Apostolic Synod, Norwegian Free Lutheran Synod, Danish United Lutheran Synod, Church of the Lutheran Brethren and Independent Lutheran Congregations. — 1 Cor. 3:3.
And there followed hail. — Sharp, cutting, hard truth, contained in Luther's 95 theses nailed on the church door at Wittenberg.
And fire. — Destructive judgments upon the papacy. Luther sized up the Papal system of "Heads, I win; and tails, you lose" in a few words when he said, "The Romanists have with great dexterity built themselves about with three walls, which have hitherto protected them against reform. In the first place, when the temporal power has pressed
147them hard, they have affirmed and maintained that the temporal power has no jurisdiction over them — that on the contrary, the spiritual is above the temporal. Secondly, when it is proposed to admonish them from the Holy Scriptures they said, 'It beseems no one but the pope to interpret the Scriptures,' and thirdly, when they were threatened with a council, they invented the idea that no one but the pope can call a council."
Mingled with blood. — Blood is a symbol of death-dealing doctrine, and this teaches that Luther did not get entirely free from error. The following illustrates this point: "There gradually developed a group of radicals who were convinced that Luther had not the courage of his convictions. They proposed to abolish the idolatry of the Mass and all other outward signs of what they deemed the old superstitions. Luther's colleague at Wittenberg. Carlstadt. began denouncing the monastic life, the celibacy of the clergy, the veneration of images; and before the end of 1521 we find the first characteristic outward symptoms of Protestantism. In January 1522, Carlstadt induced the authorities of Wittenberg to publish the first evangelical church ordinance. The service of the Mass was modified, and the laity were to receive the elements in both kinds. Reminders of the old religious usages were to be done away with, and the fast-days were to be no longer observed. These measures led Luther to return to Wittenberg in March, 1622, where he preached a series of sermons attacking the impatience of the radical party. In 1525 the conservative party, which had from the first feared that Luther's teaching would result in sedition, received a new and terrible proof, as it seemed to them, of the noxious influence of the evangelical preachers.
"The peasant movements which had caused so much anxiety at the diet of Augsburg in 1518, culminated in the Peasant Revolt in which the common man, both in country and town, rose in the name of God's justice to avenge long-standing wrongs and establish his rights. Luther was by no means directly responsible for the civil war which followed, but he had certainly contributed to stir up the ancient discontent. He had asserted that, owing to the habit of foreclosing small mortgages, 'Any one with a hundred gulden could gobble up a peasant a year.' The German feudal lords he pronounced hangmen, who knew only how to swindle the poor man. Yet in spite of this harsh talk about princes, Luther relied upon them to forward the reforms in which ho was interested. The peasants demanded that the gospel should be taught them as a guide in life, and that each community should be
148permitted to choose its pastor and depose him if he conducted himself improperly. More radical demands came from the working classes in the towns. The articles of Heilbronn demanded that the property of the Church should be confiscated and used for the community; clergy and nobility alike were to be deprived of all their privileges, so that they could no longer oppress the poor man. The more violent leaders renewed the old cry that the parsons must be slain. Hundreds of castles and monasteries were destroyed by the frantic peasantry, and some of the nobles were murdered with shocking cruelty. Luther, who believed that the peasants were trying to cloak their dreadful sins with excuses from the gospel, exhorted the government to put down the insurrection. 'Have no pity on the poor folk; stab, smite, throttle, who can.' The German rulers took Luther's advice with terrible literalness, and avenged themselves upon the peasants, whose lot was apparently worse afterwards than before." — Brit
And they were cast upon the earth AND THE THIRD PART OF THE EARTH WAS BURNED UP. — Luther's teaching had the effect of transforming the order-loving German people into anarchists.
And the third part. — The German part.
Of trees. — Trees are symbols of saints. "St. Paul gives us the picture of a tree, the roots of which push down deep into the knowledge of the Divine Plan, while the tree of character grows higher and higher, developing and maturing the rich fruits of the Holy Spirit of God; for instruction is a form of construction." — Z.'14-312; Isa. 61:3.
Was burnt up. — Hindered from standing alone, and absorbed into the Lutheran system.
And all green grass. — Natural men of independent thought — Isa. 40:6,7.
Was burnt up. — Similarly absorbed into the Lutheran system, a welcome substitute for papacy's intolerable yoke.
8:8. And the second [angel] sounded. — The Anglican church movement began.
And as it were a great mountain. — England in the time of Henry VIII. Mountains symbolize kingdoms. — Dan. 2:35; Jer. 51:25.
Burning with fire. — Aflame with another great movement destructive to the papacy.
Was cast into the sea. — Was suddenly thrown into a condition of isolation from the papacy — no longer placed under religious restraint to it.
And the third part of the sea. — The English part.
Became blood. — The much-married Henry VIII., founder
149of the Anglican Church, and the second great sect-founder, has some slight blemishes on his escutcheon also. "Henry VIII himself stoutly maintained the headship of the pope, and as is well known, after examining the arguments of Luther, published his defence of the Seven Sacraments in 1521, which won for him from the pope the glorious title of 'Defender of the faith.' By 1527 the king had become hopeless of having a male heir by Catherine. He was tired of her, and in love with the black-eyed Anne Boleyn, who refused to be his mistress. The king's agents secured the opinion of a number of prominent universities that his marriage was void, and an assembly of notables, which he summoned in June 1530, warned the pope of the dangers involved in leaving the royal succession in uncertainty. Henry's next move was to bring a charge against the clergy, accusing them of having violated the ancient laws of praemunire in submitting to the authority of papal legates (although he himself had ratified the appointment of Wolsey as legate a latere). The clergy of the province of Canterbury were fined 100,000 pounds and compelled to declare the king their singular protector and only supreme lord, and, as far as that is permitted by the law of Christ, the supreme head of the Church and of the clergy.
"The following year, 1532, an obedient parliament presented a petition to the king (which had been most carefully elaborated by the king's own advisers) containing twelve charges against the bishops. For the remedy of these abuses parliament turned to the king 'in whom and by whom the only and sole redress, reformation and remedy herein absolutely rests and remains.' [These charges were answered by the clergy, but the answer did not suit the king so on the 15th of May, 1532] The king's most humble subjects, daily orators and bedesmen of the clergy of England, in view of his goodness and fervent Christian zeal and his learning far exceeding that of all other kings that they have read of, agree never to assemble in convocation except at the king's summons, and to enact and promulgate ho constitution or ordinances except they receive the royal assent and authority. [Then Henry divorced Catherine and married Anne Boleyn and the English Reformation was officially launched.] The king had now clarified the ancient laws of the realm to his satisfaction, and could proceed to seize such portions of the Church's possessions as he deemed superfluous for the maintenance of religion. [On the 30th of July, 1540, three Lutheran clergymen were burned and three Roman Catholics beheaded, the latter for denying the king's spiritual supremacy. The king's ardent desires that diversities of minds and opinions
150should be done away with and unity be 'charitably established' was further promoted by publishing in 1543 A Necessary Doctrine and Erudition for any Christian Man, set forth by the King's Majesty of England, in which the tenets of mediaeval theology, except for denial of the supremacy of the bishop of Rome and the unmistakable assertion of the supremacy of the king, were once more restated. The First Prayer Book of Edward VI was issued in 1649 and was followed in 1552 by the Second Prayer Book and] "The foundations of the Anglican church were laid." — Brit.
8:9. And the third part. — The English part.
Of the creatures. — The clergy "apostolically" of the Church of Rome, but actually doing business under Henry VIII. Be it noted that they were not counted worthy of being called "men."
Which were in the sea. — No longer under religious restraint to the papacy.
And had life. — The apostolic succession, from the line of popes, etc., described in Rev. 2:13 comments.
Died. — Were excommunicated by the pope, lost their "apostolic (?) succession."
And the third part. — The English part.
Of the ships. — Independent bodies of Christian worshippers called Lollards, followers of Wycliffe. — Mark 4:36; 6:48-51; John 6:21.
Were destroyed. — Compelled to acknowledge Henry VIII as head of the Church or lose their lives. "Thus, when the English Reformation of the 16th century commenced, it derived a new impulse from the earlier Lollard movement which it was destined to absorb into itself." — McC.
8:10. And the third angel sounded. — The Calvinistic movement began, which later developed into the Northern Presbyterian Church, Cumberland Presbyterian Church, Welsh Calvinistic Church, United Presbyterian Church, Southern Presbyterian Church, Associate Presbyterian Church, Associate Reformed Southern Presbyterian Church, Reformed Synod Presbyterian Church, Reformed General Synod Presbyterian Church, Reformed Covenanted Presbyterian Church, Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States and Canada, Dutch Reformed Church, German Reformed Church, Christian Reformed Church, Hungarian Reformed Church, and Congregational Church. — 1 Cor. 3:3.
And there fell a great star from heaven. — John Calvin tore a large-sized hole in the Catholic firmament when he started the manufacture of a firmament of his own.
Burning as it were a lamp. — The precipitation of the Calvinistic movement in France and Switzerland was as sudden as the Anglican movement had been in England or the
151Lutheran movement in Germany. In 1533 Francis I, King of France, "anxious to conciliate both German Protestants and anti-papal England, invited some of the reformers to preach in the Louvre," as an offset to a fierce attack that had but lately been made upon them, caused by the mutilation of a statue of the Virgin. On the festival of All Saints, Cop, the rector of the University of Paris, was to deliver the address, but Jean Cauvin (Calvin) persuaded the rector to read an address which he had written. It was a defence of the new evangelical views and so aroused the Sorbonne that Calvin and Cop were both obliged to flee from Paris. Calvin went to Basle, Switzerland, and in 1636 wrote and published the first great textbook of Protestant theology, Institutes of the Christian Religion. He did his best, but his best was not very good.
And it fell upon the third part. — The French part.
Of the rivers. — Channels of religious instruction.
And upon the fountains of waters. — The Word of God. Although Calvin misunderstood and misapplied them, yet he constantly appealed to the Scriptures as the support for his theories.
8:11. And the name of the star. — Calvin is entitled to the honor of having at one time been a papal star. "He was from the first educated for the Church, and before he was twelve years old was presented to a benefice in the Cathedral of Noyon. Six years after this he was appointed to a cure of souls at Montville, and thus, although not yet twenty, and not even in the minor orders, he was enjoying the titles and revenues of a cure." — McC.
Is called Wormwood. — What an ideal name for the doctrine which has caused more bitterness against God than any other doctrine ever taught, and for the man who roasted Servetus at the stake.
And the third part of the waters. — Many portions of the Scriptures, misunderstood, miscontrued and misapplied.
Became. — Were made to appear in the eyes of many.
Wormwood. — Bitter as gall. "None now would justify Calvin's course in sentencing Servetus to be burned. Others burned at the stake usually had the fuel piled at their feet. The flames were inhaled with the smoke, and the victim was speedily unconscious to suffering. For Servetus Satanic ingenuity arranged the burning fagots at a distance. He literally roasted alive, in horrible torture, nearly five hours — in the name of God, of Jesus, of Righteousness, Truth, Justice, Love, Christianity and Civilization." (P. D.) — Jer. 9:15; 23:15, 9-40; Deut 29:18.
And many men died of the waters. — Lost their manhood, reason and common sense by becoming Calvinists.
152Because they were made bitter. — Because the Scriptures were made to appear to teach what actually they do not. "It seems remarkable that only now are we realizing that a man so deficient in the spirit of his Master as to murder his brother, should not be an accepted teacher of the Word of God and its spirit. Only now are Bible students realizing that Brother Calvin was not the inventor of the doctrine of election, but merely of the doctrine that all the non-elect would suffer everlastingly. Now we see that the terms, 'the elect,' 'the very elect,' are Bible terms! and that those who make their calling and election sure, will be glorified in the First Resurrection. Now we see that the Elect will be associated with Jesus in His Kingdom, which will bless the non-elect — 'all the families of the Earth.'" — P. D.
8:12. And the fourth angel sounded. — The Baptist sectarian movement began, resulting in Baptist Churches North, Baptist Churches South, Baptist Churches Colored, Seventh-Day Baptists, General Baptists, Separate Baptists, United Baptists, Baptist Church of Christ, Primitive Baptist Church, Primitive Colored Baptist Church, Old Two Seed in the Spirit Predestinarian Baptist Church, Church of God and Saints of Christ, Mennonites, Six Principle Baptist Church, Free Baptist Church, Freewill Baptist Church — not forgetting the Selfwill Baptist Church, which also has a large membership, but is not listed. — 1 Cor. 3:3.
From an examination of history "It does not appear that the Baptists were formed into any stability (as a sect) until the time of Menno, about the year 1536. About 1644 they began to make a considerable figure in England, and spread themselves into several separate congregations. They separated from the Independents about the year 1638, and set up for themselves under the pastoral care of Mr. Jesse; and, having renounced their former baptism, they sent over one of their number to be immersed by one of the Dutch Anabaptists of Amsterdam, that he might be qualified to baptize his friends in England after the same manner." (Buck.) "Menno Simons, born in 1492 at Witmarsum in Friesland, at the age of 24 entered the priesthood. Doubts about transubstantiation made him uneasy; some of Luther's tracts fell in his way, and he was comforted by Luther's dictum that salvation does not depend on human dogmata. Hence he began to study the New Testament. The question as to the right age for baptism came up; he found this an open matter in the early church. Then the execution, in March, 1531, at Leeuwarden, of the tailor Sicke Freerks, who had been rebaptized in the previous December at Emden, intro-
153duced further questions. Menno was not satisfied with the inconsistent answers which he got from Luther, Bucer and Bullinger; he resolved to rely on Scripture alone, and from this time describes his preaching as evangelical, not sacramental. Anabaptism of the Munster type repelled him. A brother of Menno joined the insurgent followers of Matthyzoon and was killed at Bolsward, April 1535. Blaming the leaders by whom these poor people had been misled, Menno blamed himself for not having shown them a straight course. Accordingly on the 12th of January 1536 he left the Roman communion.
"Among the so-called Anabaptists were four parties, the favorers of the Munster faction, the Batenburgers, extremists, the Melchiorites and the Obbenites. For a time Menno remained aloof from both Melchior Hofman and Obbe Philipsz. Before the year was out, yielding to the prayer of six or eight persons who had freed themselves from the Munster spell, he agreed to become their minister and was set apart January 1537 to the eldership at Groningen, with imposition of hands by Obbe Philipsz. Menno repudiated the formation of a sect; those who had experienced the 'new birth' were to him the true Christian church. His Christology was in the main orthodox though he rejected terms such as Trinity which he could not find in Scripture. Of the introduction of Anabaptist views into England we have no certain knowledge. Fox relates that 'the registers of London make mention of certain Dutchmen counted for Anabaptists, of whom ten were put to death in sundry places in the realm, anno 1535; other ten repented and were saved. In 1536 King Henry VIII issued a proclamation concerning faith agreed upon by Convocation, in which the clergy are told to instruct the people that they ought to repute and take 'The Anabaptists opinions for detestable heresies and to be utterly condemned.' Thomas Fuller tells us from Stow's Chronicles that in the year 1538 four Anabaptists, three men and one woman, all Dutch, bare faggots at Paul's Cross, and three days after a man and woman of their sect were burnt in Smithfleld. The early English Baptists, while they utterly rejected the baptism of infants, were as yet unpledged to immersion and rarely practiced it." — Brit.
And the third part of the sun was smitten. — Though not apparently so stated in any confession of faith, it is a prevalent view among Baptists that the Old Testament has been entirely fulfilled. Believing thus they lose the force of a large part of the Gospel Message, typified by the sun.
And the third part of the moon. — Similarly, they do not
154see the force of the teachings of the Law Dispensation, as in the Tabernacle arrangements, etc., in their application to the Church.
And the third part of the stars. — The teachings of the true light-bearers, the Apostles, cannot be fully appreciated except in connection with the prophecies of the Old Testament.
So as the third part of them was darkened. — If pressed to estimate the relative worth to us as New Creatures of the writings of the Old and New Testaments, we would admit that the writings of the New Testament are worth perhaps twice as much to us as those of the Old Testament because they contain the message addressed to the New Creation, but we want all three thirds of the Word.
And the day. — The Scripture teaching of the coming Millennial Day.
Shone not for a third part of it. — At least a third of the light we get on the subject of the Lord's Millennial Reign is from the Old Testament.
And the night likewise. — The same is true of the world's dark night of sin and death, and the darkest feature of that night — the Time of Trouble such as was not since there was a nation. The Old Testament has much of light and instruction on this subject.
8:13. And I beheld, and heard an [angel] EAGLE. — Pastor Russell's humble followers, as a class (Matt. 24:28), apprehending correctly the significance of the three woes. See comments on Rev. 8:2 and 9:12 as to why this statement is appropriate in this place. This verse is a parenthesis, as is also Rev. 8:3-5, which is synchronous with it. Both were seen by the Revelator after the opening of the seventh seal.
Flying through the midst of heaven. — Beginning with the papal heavens and then in their order of development, the Lutheran heavens, Anglican heavens, Calvinistic heavens and Baptist heavens (and others shortly.)
Saying with a loud voice. — With considerable plainness of speech.
Woe, woe, woe, to the inhabiters of the earth. — Great distress and perplexity of mind to all supporters of Satan's Empire.
By reason of the other voices. — Later movements in the ecclesiastical heavens described in Chapters 9 and 10.
Of the three angels, which are yet to sound. — The four great denominations — Lutheran, Anglican, Presbyterian and Baptist — were formed in swift succession within twenty years from the time Luther nailed the theses on the Wittenberg door. But the work of forming new movements away from papal bondage did not stop there.


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How have historical practices of justice affected current attitudes towards crime prevention and crime control?
Is it necessary to formally codify behaviour? What are the strengths and weaknesses of common laws versus political laws?
Using the liberal and conservative approaches to law, explain the controversy surrounding euthanasia.
Although Canada employs an adversarial model of justice, would there be any advantages to entertaining elements of the accusatorial model? Clarify your answer.
Collect at least a dozen crime articles from media sources. What type of defences are used? Referring to Appendix A, see how they apply to common law defences. How do the current defences differ from common law defences?
Discuss contemporary problems in criminal defences. What are the implications for criminal law? How might an interdisciplinary and integrated approach help to address some of the problems?
Key Concepts
Canadian Criminal Codevengeancejurisprudence
Self-help justiceprivate revengeblood revenge
State revengecommon lawcodification
Civil lawCharter of Rightsburden of proof
Criminal defencefitness to stand trialiberalism
Conservatismmistake of factmistake of law
Inquisitorialnatural lawspolitical laws
Roman lawcase lawJustinian Code
Hammurabi's Codelex talioniscorroborating evidence
Due processrules of lawprecedent
Magna Cartastare decisisBNA Act
Statute of limitationsactus reusmens rea
Social controlcriminal lawrevenge
Ur-Namma's Code>accusatorial
Key Names
J.S. MillJ. LockeJ. Bentham
T. HobbesE. Burke
Crime and Criminal Law | Criminal Law DiscussionCommon Law Principles | References | FootnotesPowerPoint Presentations
©Prentice-Hall Canada
©Prentice-Hall Canada

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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The delightful two-star Los Tulipanes Apartment Complex is perfectly situated near the centre of Puerto del Carmen and only 500m away from local shops, the beach, restaurants and bars. This lovely complex is ideal for both couples and families who are looking for an affordable base point from which to explore the local attractions and go sight-seeing in the picturesque surrounding area.
With 37 comfortable and pleasantly decorated rooms and good facilities, this is a fantastic and reasonably-priced complex that lets you make the most of your time in sunny Lanzarote. Rooms are spacious, bright and pleasantly decorated in traditional Mediterranean style. There's plenty to keep you comfortable and entertained in your room with a lounge and dining area, sofa bed, bathroom with bath and shower, fully equipped kitchen with toaster, coffee machine, kettle, oven or microwave, hob and fridge, satellite TV, music, telephone, safety deposit box and balcony or terrace area letting you overlook the beautiful views of the hotel's grounds and scenic surroundings.
With a maid service five times a week, bed linen changes twice a week and towel changes three times a week, this is a well-run hotel that takes all the hassle off your hands, letting you enjoy your holiday in blissful relaxation. Room options include studios for up to 2 persons, one bedroom for 3 people, one bedroom for 4 people and 2 bedroom apartments which can accommodate up to 5 people.
Outside, you'll find a large pool with ample seating space and loungers, ideal for basking in the glorious sunshine. With the beach close by there's plenty of opportunities for rest and relaxation, or if you prefer to keep active on holiday you can head to the hotel's billiards table or golf course (within 3km). Food fans will delight in the wide choice of delicious cuisine available at the restaurants lining Puerto del Carmen's busy streets, with hundreds of restaurants serving a wide variety of cuisines including Mexican and traditional Canarian cuisine.
The delightful two-star Los Tulipanes Apartment Complex is perfectly situated near the centre of Puerto del Carmen and only 500m away from local shops, the beach, restaurants and bars. This lovely complex is ideal for both couples and families who are looking for an affordable base point from which to explore the local attractions and go sight-seeing in the picturesque surrounding area.
The complex is only 15 minutes drive from Arrecife, the capital of the island. This hotel is a convenient place from which to explore Lanzarote's tourist and cultural attractions.
2 Keys.
Reception with limited hours, money exchange service, self service laundry. As reception is not open 24 hours, it is essential that arrival time is indicated in the special requests box at the time of booking.
Location120 reviews
Great location
Bar and Beverages26 reviews
Bar is awesome
Service174 reviews
Fantastic service


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Fallschirmjäger Uniforms
This event is a great opportunity for early-war uniforms and equipment along with formal continental and summer uniforms. It's May 1941 in Kreta, so for the formal dance the dress uniform, Tuchrock, Lange Hosen, Shoes and Gloves, and Schirmmütze is very period. Our goal is to balance authenticity with commonality, please don't show up with oddball/rare items. Stick with a common, easily-documented impression.
We recommend you also bring your Luftwaffe Tropical uniform for use after public display hours; it will allow us to be much more comfortable. Hampton Roads can be pretty hot & humid at the end of May!
Haircut / Facial Hair: Please arrive clean-shaven (no facial hair) with a proper 1940's haircut.
Uniform: Our event theme is Crete 1941,
and participants will need the following kit items for their "basic
FJ training uniform", which will be used for all immersion event
activities on Friday as well as for the public hangar display on Saturday
and Sunday. The basic FJ training uniform will consists of:
Evening meals will be served "family style"
in the hangar, so if you don't have the LW tropical uniform for
"after hour" activities, then bring your wool blouse for
evening meals and walking out dress.
Field Gear: Field gear won't be
needed for jump training/immersion activities on Friday. If you'd
like to wear the "combat uniform" during the public display,
please ensure your field gear conforms to the 1941 time frame of our
display theme.
Bedding: Each participant needs to bring
a folding Army cot to sleep on, along with period German bed linens
(ie, blue & white checkered blanket cover & pillow case. Participants
should also bring some sort of mosquito netting for their cot because
the hangar doors remain open day and night. Army cots typically have
holes drilled into the frame to insert short poles for supporting a
mosquito net, so bring your own poles too. Poles and netting should
only be set up at night and removed/stored during the day.
Chair: Participants need to bring a period-looking
wooden folding chair to use for seating at evening meals.
Kreta 1941 participants should wear "early war" Fallschirmjäger kit items appropriate to May 1941. These include:
Jump helmet: Ideally painted early war green, double decaled. MUST have a clip on helmet cover in either green or LW Splinter camo pattern
Jump Smock: early war 2nd pattern smock (step-in) in either green twill or Luftwaffe Splinter camo pattern (which made their debut in time for Crete)
Fliegerbluse: Make sure you don't have have a "Kreta" or "Afrika" cuff title, as they weren't around in May 1941!
Green Wool Jump Trousers
Jump Boots: Side lacing (1st pattern) jump boots were the vast majority; front lacing boots made their debut at Crete, so are acceptable
Fliegermuetze Flyer's Cap (no M-43's)
Shirt: Early war collarless white shirt.
Bandoleers should be early war 1st Pattern (i.e., narrow strip flap in green only)2nd pattern (i.e., 2 snaps per flap in green or blue), or 3rd pattern blue w/ rounded flaps or trapezoid flaps
Gas Mask Bag: green canvas or early war blue canvas
Weapons: Small arms should be appropriate for use in
1941. No "captured" weapons. Sidearms should only be either
P-38 or P-08 in hardshell holster


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Engineer In Training (Cody, WY)
Posted on October 04, 2018
T-O Engineers is seeking a motivated Engineer Intern / Engineer In Training with 0-3 years of experience able to contribute to our Cody office. Candidates need to have an EI/EIT certificate as well as CAD experience. Duties will include various design tasks and preparation of drawings under the direction of experienced project managers, along with construction inspection and oversight. Strong computer and communication skills are a must. Position Requirements:
- Bachelor's Degree in Civil Engineering
- EI/EIT Certificate
- 0-3 years experience in the civil engineering field
- Basic computer skills a must
- Self-motivated, team-oriented individual with the ability to work on challenging projects in a team environment.


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For questions, please email or call.
Members must be in attendance (along with his/her guests) at each performance.
Plum Benefits with the code ac1221094.
How do I join TDF?
NYC teacher, the UFT ( our union) has arranged a number of discounts.Contributor 852 posts 21 reviews, apr 9, 2018, 7:28 AM springerandy.If you have trouble registering on the UFT website, please contact the UFT Membership Department at or at for assistance.TO purchase tickets usinredit card, download the UFT app.TDF tickets are not for resale.Join the cub and enjoy live events at insider prices!See if you qualify to shedfat promo code become a TDF member.TO purchase tickets BY mail, download this form.Please note that these codes expire so order promptly.Thank you in advance!
Sometimes the printed price on the ticket will be slightly less than you paid, because a small handling fee on each ticket supports TDFs ongoing efforts to subsidize more new productions and support arts education, accessibility and outreach.
When you sign up for TDF membership (just 40 annually you get immediate access to specially-priced tickets.
Watch this Topic, soxFan777, boston, MA, level.
Orders of over 100 require a money order and will be mailed via UPS, requiring a signature.Each event is listed with a code that can be used for online ordering, or at the box office, where you save even more by avoiding convenience fees.Your membership (along with every discounted ticket you buy) supports TDFs many far-reaching arts education and theatre accessibility programs.Discount Movie Tickets, note: Both Regal/UA and Bow Tie Cinemas have increased their ticket prices as of July 2018.TheaterMania Gold Club: A special 40 discount for UFT.


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A new strategic plan to guide diabetes-related research over the next decade was announced recently by the National Institutes of Health. The plan, developed by a federal work group led by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), identifies research opportunities with the greatest potential to benefit the millions of Americans who are living with or at risk for diabetes and its complications.
New Strategic NIH Plan to Fight Diabetes
Will You Win or Lose? Getting People Tested for Diabetes
Do you respond better to scary messages or those telling you what you'll gain? This question has concerned health promoters and researchers for many years. A recent study in the UK has shown that the response is related to gender [1]. Men responded better to messages that focus on the negatives or "losses".
Blueberry Extracts Improve Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Adults
In the United States, 23.6 million children and adults — 7.8% of the population — have diabetes and one-third of U.S. adults are obese [1-2]. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes as well as insulin resistance, a condition that precedes the development of type 2 diabetes. New research published in the Journal of Nutrition now suggests that blueberries can help improve insulin sensitivity in obese, non-diabetic and insulin-resistant people [3].


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Product range : denim fabrics from 8oz to 14.75oz; width upto 66/67-inches; colors available are: regular indigo blue, dark indigo blue, SBIT, IBST, azo free sulphurs and pigments. In cottons, the range includes 100 percent cotton twills, canvas, dobby designs, slubs, cross hatches and herringbones. With an installed capacity of 72 million meters, the current production is around 47 million meters.
Product range : the company offers ramie in yarn dyed / solid colors, pure linen / cotton linens, corduroys, TR (formal fabric for trousers and suits), denims, cotton satin / cotton poplin Lycra, two way stretch fabrics, jacketing fabrics, polyester fabrics, 100 percent woolen fabrics, silk jacquards, velvets, shirting fabrics, satin Lycra / stretch twills, CNS, NP and CN.
Product range : with its brand 'aanan' Anand primarily caters to the middle and the premium segments with high quality apparel fabrics like suiting, trouser and shirting fabric with natural fibers, synthetic fibers and its various blends. The company also exports to over 25 countries across the globe.
Product range : does knitting job work and offers ready to cut fabric to leading Indian domestic brands and exporters all over India. With a totally integrated facility, customers can simply bring in their samples and take back ready to cut fabrics. Production includes single jersey auto stripers, rib jacquard auto stripers, rib and interlock auto stripers and single jersey open widths.
Product range : fabrics are offered mostly in yarn dyed checks, stripes, dobbies, textures twills, satin, pleats, seersuckers, crushed, embroideries, jacquards in 100 percent cotton, cotton/linen, cotton rich fabrics, polyester /cotton, polyester / viscose, 100 percent polyester, cotton / poly lycra, cotton / lycra / modal, etc.
Product range : includes polyester taffeta, polyester satin, polyester twill, dobby designs, jacquards, dupion silks, mesh fabric, pocketing cloth, paper silk, cotton poplin, yarn dyed fabrics, poly suede, terry towels, linen, damask, fancy laces, woolen fabrics, etc. They also specialize in printing, embossing, embroidery, flocking and foil printing and coating on fabrics.
Product range : marketed under the Sristi brand, the company has launched a colorful range of plastic acrylic stones with unique shapes and sizes. The company has also launched a new range of products that include plastic stone trimming belts, plastic stones in rainbow colors, brass casing for plastic stones and diamond cut beads.
Product range : narrow woven fabrics, needle loom woven plain tapes and elastic satin tapes in jacquard designs, elastics up to 384 hooks, crochet basic frills and plain elastics, crochet lycra frills and fancy lycra frills, wider laces and fancy laces from 3mm to 260mm in all kinds up to 16 weft bars.
Product range : specializes in various types of Lycra corded stretch woven fabrics like cotton/lycra, polyester/lycra, nylon/ lycra and its blends. The products include cotton stretch poplins, cotton stretch bottoms, stretch cotton lycra satin, 100 percent cotton pucker lycra fabrics, tencel with lycra, linen with lycra, etc.
Product range : shirting and suiting fabrics. In shirting they make yarn dyed and piece dyed 100 percent cotton dobby and jacquard, linen and Lycra fabrics. In suiting, manufactured are piece dyed cotton and cotton blended dobby fabrics. Suiting dobby includes textures, plain, twill, satin, double cloth and dobby fabrics.
Product range : scarves, stoles, pareos, sarongs, bed covers, pillow covers, curtains, etc. The manufacturing plant at Narol-Ahmedabad has a production capacity of 35 million meters per annum with exports going to EU countries, USA, CIS and also to Indonesia, Malaysia, the Middle East and Gulf countries.
Product range : includes 100 percent cotton, blended and lycra stretch bottom weight and shirting fabrics in gray, dyed and indigo denims that is used by the garment industry, for home textiles, work wear and industrial purposes.


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If we talking about weight loss, it is not about eating and exercising only if you want to lose it fast. You have to alter your lifestyle into a healthy lifestyle that promotes weight loss for your body. How to lose weight effectively, guys? Here are the top 10 weight loss rules for you.
1. Set Your Goal
Everything that you want to achieve in life you have to set your goal for it. Each mission that has a target or goal is the one that you will likely achieve one day. Now you want to lose weight. Set your goal, for example, to lose 10 pounds before your birthday this year. By doing this, it will motivate you to comply with your weight loss plan. How to lose weight if you don't know how much to lose and when you want it to be done?
2. Eat Small Meals
Do you want to eat 3 large meals per day or eat 5 small meals every day? Both of it is the correct method to do for weight loss. Eating the 5-6 small meals is highly suggested because it suppressed hunger and avoid you from getting the gastric problem.
3. Cut Junk Food
Junk food is not your best friend during weight loss. Junk food has no nutrition and it is high in sodium and other artificial flavors. Junk food will not fill you up but it will stimulate you to feel hungry again. In the end, junk food is making you eat non-stop. So this is not the time for you to eat the junk food. Completely remove it from your fridge and food storage now.
4. Cut Sugary Drinks
This is also another thing that you don't need around especially if you want to lose weight. Canned drinks especially are the drink that contains a lot of sugar. It is estimated to have about 13-15 spoons per can. Fruit juice in a can? It contains much higher sugar than a regular soda. Extra sugar in your body will be converted into energy. But if you don't use the energy on the same day, it will be converted into fat and stored in your body permanently until you burn it up. Drinking sugary water is like refilling fat into your body during weight loss. So do not think about it.
5. Exercise 30 minute Per Day
At least 30 minutes a day? It is not a big deal. Buying all expensive equipment is not how to lose weight effectively. Have a morning exercise for 30 minutes before work or after work is a good idea. Or, you can replace the exercise by staying active like walking to your workplace, taking the stairs, do your house chores, and cycling to your grocery store.
6. Drink A lot Of Water
You will need a lot of water if you want to lose some weight. Water will let your body to stay active and keep your metabolism running to burn those fats and calories. It will replace the water that you lose during exercise due to sweating. At least you have to drink about 8 glasses of water every day. You may drink more if you are a sports person or doing a labor job.
Your body needs 20 minutes to identify that your stomach is full. If you eat fastly, you're might end up overeating. Please do not rush during your meal. How about enjoy the taste of the food and chew it well? The benefit of chewing the food is you are making the food to be digested easier. So your body can absorb the nutrients effectively and it avoids overeating and also constipation.
8. Sleep Well
Your body needs to have enough rest so it can recharge the energy that you need to use for the next day. Please have about 7-8 hours of sleep every day to let your body to rest. If you don't have enough energy for the next day, it will influence you to overeat because you want energy to work. Overeat is not what you need for your weight loss plan. So please have a good night sleep.
9. Watch Your Weight
Keep your weighing scale close and watch your weight every day. You may record your weight each week too so you will see how much you improve every week. It will motivate you if you see how your efforts pay off. You know that you are on the right track when you keep seeing the smaller digits each week.
10. Aim to lose 1-2 pounds weekly
Weight loss is not an overnight job. You have to do it step by step. Just aim to lose about 1-2pounds every week for a start. And when your body gets the momentum, you can increase it to 2-4 pounds a week. If your target is just 10 pounds to lose, expect about 5-6 weeks to achieve that goal.
There you go the weight loss rule for your weight loss plan. One more about how to lose weight is, the most important rule, never give up on yourself. Losing some weight is not that easy especially if you are an obese person. But nothing is impossible if you keep on challenging yourself and believe that you will let yourself free from that unhealthy extra-big body. We are naturally big and healthy as an adult. Stay healthy that way and maintain the ideal body weight of you.


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- Your Price
- $99.95
- Item #:
- Your Price
- $99.95
- Item #:
Traxxion Dynamics Fork Guards are designed to be used with the Traxxion Dynamics Fork Brace. These guards will ONLY work with the Traxxion Dynamics Fork Brace. Available in black or polished finish.
When you add an aftermarket fork brace to the GL1800 you have to remove the OEM plastic guards, which leaves your fork tubes exposed to bug and road damage which will cause premature seal leaks. Our guards are manufactured from air craft quality aluminum for durability and then anodized for a long lasting finish.
If you have the Traxxion GL1800 fork brace then you need this fork guard. It fits perfectly with the Traxxion brace (can only be used with the Traxxion fork brace) and looks really good. It helps protect your fork tubes from dirt, bugs, etc. Much heavier duty than the plastic Honda fork guard that you lose when installing the fork brace.
It IS a bit expensive but is a quality piece of protective gear that looks good.
If you order the Traxxion Brace then do yourself a favor an order these at the same time. They attach to the brace so if your order them later (and you will want to) you will have to take everything apart again to put them on. The brace an the guards are incredibly easy to put on (less than 30 minutes start to finish) but why do it twice. Well worth having and I highly recommend them along with the brace.
And we can't wait to show you how it's done!
Get notified of sales, clearance items, new products, news, and more!
Click Here »
Save on shipping! Will Call is available at our Southern California headquarters.


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January 10, 2019 | Gretchen Add to my favorites Right now, Domino's is offering their 8-Piece Bread Twists for only $1 when you use the promo code TWSTHOLD at checkout! Limit one per order. Thanks, Hip2Save! Subscribe for free email updates from Money Saving Mom® and get my Guide to …Read More »
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When buying a home, there are certain steps a buyer should go through before the home sale is official. First the buyer makes the offer, then the offer is accepted. Next the buyer schedules the inspection and home appraisal. Finally, everyone is ready for closing. It's easy to overlook the impact of some of these steps, but when it comes to a mortgage, the home appraisal is actually quite important. Banks want to see that they are lending money for an investment that is worthwhile, so that … [Read more...]
Archives for May 2018
Green Technology To Reduce Your Home's Carbon Footprint
When you are a homeowner looking to reduce your carbon footprint, there are a number of steps you can take to make your home earth-friendly. From passive solar heating to solar panels, you can make a difference in the impact your home has on the environment. Even when you aren't building a new home, changes can be made to an existing property to increase efficiency and reduce reliance on utility systems. Invest In Solar Power Solar panels are one of the most popular ways to reduce your … [Read more...]
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Thinking About Buying A Fixer-Upper? Know These Top Resources To Make The Most Profit
If your financial situation is limited, yet you're handy with a hammer and nails, then purchasing a fixer-upper home can be an attractive option. Fixer-uppers typically require a bevy of updates and repairs to bring the home up to current market conditions. Because of this, the listing price is often considerably less than a move-in ready home. Your trusted real estate professional can help you find the best projects to buy and sell. Getting Started Fixer-uppers aren't for everyone, … [Read more...]
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What's Ahead For Mortgage Rates This Week – May 21st, 2018
Last week's economic releases included the National Association of Home Builders Housing Market Index for May, Commerce Department reports on housing starts and building permits issued. Weekly readings on mortgage rates and first-time jobless claims were also released. Home Builder Confidence Rises in May According to the National Association of Home Builders, home builders surveyed indicated higher confidence in housing market conditions for May. April's reading was downwardly revised to … [Read more...]
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AutoCAD Civil 3D :: Survey Database Is Not ReadableApr 4, 2012
One of my users is getting the following error when creating a survey database.
It always stops at the same size? How do we resolve this? The user has full access as well.
One of my users is getting the following error when creating a survey database.
It always stops at the same size? How do we resolve this? The user has full access as well.
i have a point file specifically a PNEZD file. when i import points into the survey database the coordinate in the database is correct but the coordinate on the drawing tends to be 5 feet off one way and 1 foot off the other. When I import point through the points pull-down menu the coordinates are correctly shown. When I import point into survey database from drawing the coordinate is incorrect in the database but correct on screen.View 3 Replies View Related
Are there any issues with coping a survey database to different directory?View 3 Replies View Related
How are you or your company managing points as in field shots, storage, dulplicate point numbers?
are you using vault?
are you using the point database?
are you using one drawing file to import and store the points?
what we are doing now is using the point database as a storage location but it fails for notification on when a point # is duplicated.
surveys has a drawing file they use to import, store and build the existing ground surface from the points. this allows the notification of when a point number is duplicated. but it is not as secure or flexable as the old LDD way.
We don't use field books just text files from the collectors imported in. Vault is not an option for us. (at this time)
so what i am looking for is how others are adapting to this change, and what worked or not.
Win 7 pro 12gb
NVIDIA Quadro 2000
I am running AutoCAD Civil 3D 2010. I am a new user and just going through some tutorials and created a couple of survey databases for practice. The problem I am having is I can't figure out how to delete them. When I exit Civil 3D and restart it, those databases are still there under the survey tab in Toolspace even though I haven't even opened a drawing yet. Also, do I need MS Access installed on my workstation to run any functions within Civil 3D?View 5 Replies View Related
I have a drawing that is about a month old with survey data and a surface in it. I went in to modify the surface and noticed a crossing breakline message that was never addressed. I attempt to do a grip edit on the survey figure that is crossing ,and update the database from drawing and I get a message saying the figure is in not in the database. I know I have the correct database, because if I select the figure in the prospector tab It highlights the one I'm working with. Somehow the objects in the drawing have lost association with the database.
Any solutions short of re-inserting all my figures from the database? I'm not going to do that in this case since the edit was small and is already done.
(running C3D 2012 sp4, Win7 64bit, 8GB)
Well I have a LandXML and I import the file into the SDB, it gives me line work but only Station Setups. I have no turned angles or points short of the Occupation Points. What is going on here. I have tested this in C3D12 on one PC C3D13 & 14 on another PC and have the same issue. However a co-worker imports to a student version of 12 using my template and gets points and lines.View 8 Replies View Related
Is there a way to "data shortcut" information imported from a data file into multiple drawings? If so, is there a way to lock the data points "in place" and not be able to adjust the point location/elevation, but allow the movement the text information around within the drawing.
The goal is to have multiple drawings with these data points and be able to move the text information from the style, but not (in a million years) be able to move the data point itself. There may be multiple drawings with these points located within them.
It started happening whenever I try to "create a new local surveydata base" in Civil 3d. After clicking OK the folder for the database gets created, but does not show up in the toolspace window. It does show up in windows explorer in the place which I had specified on the pc. I have just installed Civil3d 2014 on my pc and I still have Civil 3d 2012 on it as well. I get the same problem from each version.View 2 Replies View Related
I have a 64-bit Windows 7 computer that we are running Civil 3D 2013. We have attempted to create a survey database but get the attached .NET error.
Repairing the .NET throught Control Panel as well as running the Microsoft .NET Repair Tool. (After repairing the .NET we would get another error shown below)We have changed the UAC (User Account Control) for Windows 7We have also tried to find any .LDB for the database and did not find any Checked the folder settings which this user is an admin on his computerWe also created a survey database from other computers which are using WindowsXP 32bit and he was not able to access the database that way either Second error:
'DbProviderFactories' section can only appear once per config file error
I would like to remove certain points from my survey database. I have all the points that i want to remove queried into a point group. Is there a quick way to delete these from the database?View 9 Replies View Related
When I import Points (w/o Survey Database) that contain Point UDP's they come in just fine, (see attached). However, when I import those same Points thru the Survey Database it does not populate the addition UDP info on the Point Label (see attached). Why? I have created the Styles, Point File Format and I have even added data to Survey DB Extended Properties.View 3 Replies View Related
Win 7 Pro
Can I have combination raw descriptions on one shot? Example: bc1 e sw1 st
where I am ending the back of curb shot and beginning a sidewalk at the same point.
If I start linework with a curve, 3 shots, Example: ea1 pc, ea1, ea1 pt
Do I need a an extra shot (tangent) preceeding ea1 pc to get the curve to draw correctly?, or can I use
ea1 pc, ea1, ea1 pt to draw the curve?
Or do I have to envoke the st (begin) like this, ea1 pc st, ea1, ea1 pt
How does C3D handle reverse curves? Is ea1pc, ea1, ea1pc, ea1, ea1 pt the correct sequence fro drawing a reverse curve?
In a situation where a symbol is needed in a combination shot, the code for the symbol is first, then the linework, correct? Example: sanmh ss1 st
where a sanmh symbol and a line draw for ss1 (sanitary sewer line) are the same point.
I am trying to rotate a database through translate survey database and after I input all of my info (rotation basepoint etc.) it is rotating all of the points no where near where they are suppose to be. I was experimenting with the command a bit using various rotation angles, and it seemed to work at first, but I got out of my drawing without saving and got back in and I tried to do it again using the same rotation base point etc. the location of the points are all out of whack now. Did I do something unintentionally to the points or do I maybe have to re-import the fieldbook?
I thought not saving the drawing would be a safe way to not save any of my translating....
At my office we set the the survey database working folder for each individual project, but many times the individual working on the project forgets to set the folder to their particular project. Is there a way to set Civil up, so when you open a drawing it also opens the associated database?
Is importing all your text files then adding them to a database good practice? Doing it this way will not allow linework to function correctly, though?
I just came from Civil 3d 2008. I am used to creating a survey network for each "day" of fieldwork I have to process. If I have to move and/or rotate the data from day 1 and begin drawing and then day 2 data comes in from the original coordinate system I would translate the day 2 NETWORK. Now my only option seems to be translate survey DATABASE. How to handle this?View 9 Replies View Related
I have an AutoCAD file which includes 3d points and lines which represent an existing ground survey. The scheme is approx. 8km and points are spaced in a dense grid. The survey was undertaken using aerial (Lidar) methods, before being rationalised using aerial imagary to identify linear features such as kerbs, fencelines, etc, which are included as 3d polylines. Items have been grouped by the surveyors and adopt individual cad layers and linestyles, etc.
Basically, I want to incorporate all of the points and all 3d polylines into my Civil 3d Survey database in order develop a roads design.
New install of C3D 2007 with SP2 installed.
just wondering if maybe the install got buggered. Tried a repair but same situation.
How do I "unset" a Survey Database from a file. I created a new file and set a working folder to import survey data. Now when I go to File>New to create an unrelated file, the Survey Database and related info is shown in the Toolspace>Survey tab. I don't want this in the file, how do I get rid of it without deleting any info for the previous drawing?
C3D 2012 sp1
W7Pro 64bit
HP Z400 Workstation
Intel Xeon CPU firstname.lastname@example.com
NVIDIA Quadro 4000
I have created cogo points for field staking. I'd like to share them through the survey database.Can I add the points to the Survey Database without first having to export them to a file?View 1 Replies View Related
I am unable to delete points from my survey database. What could be preventing me from performing this task?View 1 Replies View Related
When I try to create a survey database I get FATAL ERROR: Unhandled e0434352h Exception at fe139e5dh.
I have repairing both AutoCAD and .Net 4, I also did a regedit on the CommunicationCenter.
AutoCAD Civil 3D 2012 SP4
Windows 7 (64)
I am working on and manipulating the data may need to be done using the translate survey database command in the next couple weeks. The surveyors are waiting on some boundary info., which may not be available for a week or so. I have all the points inserted, and line work is done. How I go ahead and build a TIN surface, what tools ,if any are available to rotate a surface after it is originally built. The surface will have to adjusted to match the new location of the points when adjust the data.View 4 Replies View Related
When i try to use Import Survey Database 'Create New Survey Database' i receive the following error.
Running Windows 7 Pro 64-bits and its fully updated. Also installed all the servicepacks available for Civil 3D
Which is the preferred database to store survey points?View 2 Replies View Related
How do you move a survey database and data shortcuts? Without going into details, sometimes it is necessary to copy portion of projects as new projects. The survey database along with the drawings our surface, points, linework, etc. need to reference the new directory. I can set the survey database folder location to the new path but am not certain the information in the dwg is point to the correct location.
The same essentially applies to the data shortcuts. I'm having trouble getting this to work. With LD we were able to copy the project and resuscitate the drawing(s). I tried to use Data Shortcut Editor with the Saveas. I then attempted to rename the dwg's and path the new location and name but receive an error of Invalid source file. Correct the path or press Esc..
Civil 3D 2013 SP1 (64bit)
When importing an event, my point descriptions are cutoff at 16 characters.
Is there any setting to increase this?
If I have Microsoft Access installed on my computer, can one easily modify the table?
If you can modify the table using Access, can you define a default DB or would I have to redefine the string length within a table everytime I create a DB thru Civil 3D GUI?
We need to remove multiple survey database points from a drawing but not all, due to construction on a site previously surveyed. What is the best method for this?
C3D 2013 (latest updates)
Win 7 Pro, 64-bit
what other programme you can open survey databases in? Up until about Civil3D 2011 you could open them up in MS Access, but the type of database has been changed and I can't do that anymore.
The reason I want to do this is that opening the database in Civil3D does not expose all of the contents of the database eg. prism constants. I would like to see the entire contents of the database.
Civil3D 2014 - Windows7 64bit
I have been using survey database with the working folder set to the project location on our Z:. It was working fine until I come into work this morning and I can no longer open survey databases on the server. I can set the working folder and I can create new databases on the server but I cannot access them. Moving the working folder to a local drive fixes everything.View 1 Replies View Related
Is there a way to link the path of the survey data base in the drawing, so I do not have to set the working folder every time?View 9 Replies View Related


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To get access to over 10000+ Franchise Business Opportunities.
Network with the growing Business Community to get expert interventions to let you learn to Grow & Expand your Business with Franchising.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi's 'Swacch Bharat Abhiyaan' has definitely given a boost to the Indian cleaning industry. Be it car clean, tank clean, laundry, waste management or any other segment related to cleaning, the brands are on a high wave. Now, clea
The cleaning industry in India is still highly unorganised. This industry is a potential employer for a large number of unskilled people. So, it deserves more focus and recognition. Cleaning not just includes household but much more than that. Starting from laundry, carpet cleaning, textile cleaning, tank cleaning, pest cleaning, vehicle cleaning and much more is a part of the thriving industry. Few entrepreneurs might think twice before investing in the industry because of many reasons like non availability of skilled labour, non acceptance of the concept and many more reasons, but the cleaning sector is a money spinning opportunity if starting with right knowledge and proper market research.
Why invest in car cleaning:
Today mechanised car cleaning system is already a $5.97 billion business in the US with more than 14,414 successful outlets and in India it is just at the threshold of picking up. The car wash industry has grown from as simple as hand wash to sophisticated high impact pressure jet wash technology. Owning and running a car wash these days, is not mere business but, it's one of the most lucrative and profitable businesses. Speed Car Wash started its journey in May 2011 with pilot project in Ludhiana. Now, the brand has 60 outlets out of which 58 are franchisee run with more than ten lakh cars being pampered pan India. Jasmeet Singh, VP, Channel Expansion, Speed Car Wash says: "As a franchisor we always do R&D and try develop further more services and products for customers, consequently increasing the revenues of the franchisees."
Owned by Manmachine Works Pvt Ltd, Noida based Exppress Car Wash started franchising in 2010 and now has ten company owned and 32 franchise outlets. It's Director, Karan Sethi says: "Car cleaning industry as of now is at a very nascent stage and is growing rapidly with more awareness being spread day by day. Car cleaning industry in the US is a 62 billion dollar industry and we have only achieved one per cent of that in India. With better equipments and more attention to cleanliness, this industry will grow at a very fast rate and will soon be the most preferable franchise opportunity in the service industry. For investors, car washing and detailing, franchise is becoming a preferred choice because of its fast RoI model and high profits because of very low running costs. You can expect a profit up to 70 per cent of your revenue generation which build customers expectation and challenges the word 'gestation period' in a business."
Another brand, Superwash has 13 outlets pan-India out of which 12 are franchisee run. It took franchise route in 2011. Ramesh Naidu, Managing Director - Superwash Services Pvt. Ltd says: "The industry is largely served by unprofessional and unorganised players and there is a demand for professional services not only in metro cities but also in tier- II cities and towns."
Tank Cleaning: The guesstimated water storage tank cleaning industry in India is more than Rs 3000 crore and increasing everyday with the growing population and infrastructure. There is a huge potentiality for budding investors in this service category as there are very few players. Established in 2006, Raipur-based tank cleaning brand Fastclean is an example to those who still hesitate in investing in such sector. Many still believe it's a low profile job without considering the rewards and revenue it generates with small investment. Lack of awareness about the importance of cleaning has also played the role. However, things are changing now. The brand has 46 outlets and 44 out of all are franchisee-run. Other players include Chennai Tank Clean, MS Tank Clean.
Laundry and dry-cleaning: TechNavio's analysts forecast the Global Laundry Care market to grow at a CAGR of 5.03 percent over the period 2013-2018. Globally, the dry cleaning and laundry industry is a much bigger and evolved industry as compared to India. Here, the market is still to a large extent covered by local and neighbourhood players. Technology and customer service is still an issue. International brand, The Swiss Laundry currently has seven outlets in India and it started franchising two years ago. Fernando Arroyo, MD, The Swiss Laundry comments: "Indians are buying more and more expensive garments and need a place that uses modern machinery and advanced chemicals to wash those garments in a hygienic and efficient way. That is why the opportunity is huge and the time to be in this business is right now." French brand, Textile expert, 5àsec opened its first branch in 1968, based on a genuinely innovative concept: to provide dry cleaning and laundry services, with not only a good quality/price ratio, in order to be affordable and accessible to everyone, but also clear-cut rates applying only five different prices (hence the 5 in 5àsec) not to mention quick delivery. Another brand, launched by the laundry project- Wassup Laundry is headquartered in Chennai and reaches out to consumers by providing professional laundry and dry cleaning services. The brand is currently present pan-India.
= Increasing office spaces surely shows the success of cleaning sector.
= Eco-friendly products and procedures are a trend to watch out for in the future.
= Use of topmost technology by the companies is already rising up.
= For dry cleaners, increasing trend to wear casuals to office can be a sigh of relief as less formal clothes will require comparatively less cleaning and maintenance.
= The cleaning industry is one of the fastest growing service industries in the United States. It is predicted that cleaning services will experience a five percent growth rate between 2008 and 2018.
=Today mechanised car cleaning system is already a $5.97 billion business in US with more than 14,414 successful outlets & in India it is just at the threshold of picking up.
=TechNavio's analysts forecast the Global Laundry Care market to grow at a CAGR of 5.03% over the period 2013-2018. Globally the dry cleaning & laundry industry is a much bigger &evolved industry as compared to India.
=The guesstimated water storage tank cleaning industry in India is more than Rs 3,000 crore and increasing everyday with the growing population and infrastructure.
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Inside Knowledge : How Women Can Thrive in Professional Service Firms (Paperback) (Alison Temperley)
MSRPReg: $26.00 Save $1.30 (5% off)
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About this item
Inside Knowledge provides practical guidance for women working in professional service firms who aspire to achieve their full potential in what have traditionally been male working environments. It explores what women can do to achieve careers in professional service firms commensurate with their knowledge, skills, experience and talent.The book draws on the knowledge accumulated during the author's thirty years of experience working in and for such firms, supplemented by what she has learned from her work with hundreds of professional women and men that she has coached in accountancy, law and consulting firms as well as in award-winning women's leadership programmes.The practical exercises that appear within the book have been extensively tested and finely honed over time and are designed to build on one another, thereby allowing readers to manage their careers efficiently and effectively. They help the reader to articulate what she wants from her career and what she can offer a professional service firm, ensuring that others understand her ambitions, hopes and dreams as well as her knowledge, skills and expertise. The exercises build to provide guidance for managing office politics, developing business and ultimately obtaining the desired results from appraisals and promotion opportunities.
Number of Pages: 228
Genre: Business + Money Management, Self Improvement
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Emerald Group Pub Ltd
Author: Alison Temperley
Language: English
Street Date: October 10, 2017
Item Number (DPCI): 248-47-0465
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