text:
August 9, 2014, Michael Brown was killed. No, it was not a natural death or a death by accident. He was deliberately shot and killed. Violence against black men and women, girls and boys is monstrous.
I was in Vermont, at a writers' conference when it happened: the killing of Michael Brown. When, I returned to Columbia, MO where I am a graduate instructor, life as usual was not possible.
Elizabeth Alexander wrote, "While black literature comes in a full range of flavors, black authors have nonetheless always labored under the demand, implicit or not, that their literature be of service and speak "for the people."
As a writer, scholar, and teacher, I could not ignore the event: the killing of Michael Brown. Since that day many more, not a few more, many more black and brown people have been killed.
This folio is one of the many ways I am talking back. Writers – Ching-In Chen, Naomi Daugherty, Sheila Maldonado, Mariahadessa Ekere Tallie, Spring Ulmer and M.L Vargas and visual artist – Joel Crooms responded to my call for solidarity.
I asked them: how do you define protest poetry? I know this is the wrong question, the wrong nomenclature, inane, maybe even insane. But I asked anyway. I asked them because of their activism. I am so thankful they responded.
I am sometimes surprised by their answers and always vastly moved by the work they chose to represent their vision. The over-riding tone – balm – is Love. I confess, I am uncomfortable with the sentiment.
Love does not seem that dangerous. Certainly we need something dangerous to change the current state of affairs. Police brutality, economic repression, worldwide inhumanity are dangerous.
What could a poem do – especially a poem about love? Is the poem, the essay, the photo – self indulgent when what we need is something more dangerous… something more equal to the assault against our lives?
"Caring for myself is not self-indulgence, it is self-preservation and that is an act of political warfare," wrote Audre Lorde. These writers are concerned with survival. It's complicated: personal and polemic.
It's more than a conversation. It's a declaration for the end of all wars.
Monica A. Hand
for Michael Brown and too many others
Joel Crooms is a Newark N.J. born artist. Formally educated abandoning academia, he considers himself self-taught with the help of his family and community. Reared in tumultuous times of change in America, he has always been supported by progressive individuals and groups. While offered opportunities by the dominant society/ art world, so far he prefers the fringe. All of his work is political even flowers and trees. Most of it is reflective of the beautiful in the world and how we treat each other. In reference to his work, all he cares is to do and not be constrained by others or himself and to continue to speak to cosmopolitan/ universal issues. Life. The flowers and the babies: Idealistic? Yes!
Click on the images for larger view
Spring Ulmer is the author of 2007 Kore Press First Book Award Benjamin's Spectacles, and The Age of Virtual Reproduction, published by Essay Press.
In North America, we live in an extension, as Fred Moten words it, of the age of lynching. From 1880 to 1920 someone black was lynched every two days; today someone black is killed by a cop every three to four days. Misogyny, too, insures that every day three women are murdered by their current or former male partners. Rape is an epidemic. Mass shootings are commonplace, and more veterans commit suicide than are killed in battle. We war using drones, cluster bombs, IEDs, and uranium weapons. We torture. In the past ten years, we have killed a very conservative estimate of 200,000 Iraqi, Afghani, and Pakistani civilians, not to mention sickened and made life near impossible for many thousands more in our war on and enactment of terror. We live in a world in which a million persons are born every four days, the climate is changing, and ecocide looms. Poetry?
Poetry is what isn't afforded. The protest poem comes from the same urge that drives a person to sew his or her lips together, to lie or sit unarmed in the path of those armed and intent on intimidating. It is written on a Styrofoam cup or a rock or the back of scrap paper and then buried or secreted out of wherever it is locked. Or it is told anonymously, the way two-lined landays are spoken among women in Afghanistan.
The protest poem's eternal subject is the abuse of and the taking back of power. There are Ritsos', Faiz's, and Jumah al-Dossari's poems, written during imprisonment, torture; there is Lorde's "Power," and Berry walking winter fields as bombs drop. There is Oppen's silence, Nina Simone's defiance. Protest poetry is not rhetoric; it is heart, gut, scream, laughter, blood, water, milk. Is there a just grammar? Celan takes out his pain on the German language, deforming and transforming it in his testimony as a survivor.
The protest poem abides by love—which is always greater than coercion. It illuminates the lies we are told; asks who sickens from what disease and who determines the quality of our health; asks what drives us toward crack deals, why prisons are a multi-billion dollar industry, and how it came to be that capitalist systems currently enslave 27 million people globally. The poem sings in the worst of times. It looks for the good even in the most suspect. If anything, the protest poem hopes against hope and thereby provides asylum.
What Have I Done Oh Lord,
the name of a Mesopotamian ox,
four-thousand years old.
Let me carry your name, ox,
yoked as I am
to the petrified.
My country is again declaring war—
Reading my father's writing, I see
how central his conscientious objector status was
to everything he became. I want to start a C.O. folder
for my son—and he is not even my son yet.
I keep thinking of the squirrel my dog shook.
I felt so horrible seeing it lying there, perhaps
just stunned, probably paralysed. It closed
and opened its eyes. I had commanded my dog
not to kill it.
Beyond these confines, there is a world.
There is a world beyond these confines.
I have beat my fists, offered
my breasts to strangers,
only to hear nothing.
I know there is a world beyond
the endless promises, empty communiqués.
If you approach, beware—
You must tell me
when I can see my son,
when I can hold him.
We do not know how to be good.
The gods, too, made errors, were jealous,
threw fits. My dog scratches her belly
and the heater blows cold air.
The need to drive South, sleep
in a truck full of ants
in the middle of Georgia,
the crushing
of the spirit popping
like a blister
peeling skin—
I have no bottom left to
the trap door of my heart.
The turtle beats
its arms and legs and tail
against its shell.
"A few years from now
there aren't going to be
any lobsters."
We rob the land
to attempt a living.
We only make a deading.
Here, let me lie next to you.
There are no more resources.
EXCERPT from
…The walls at Abu Ghraib are the same bicolour tan and white painted block as the walls at the university where I teach.
Chelsea Manning copied her conscience to a CD she labelled "Lady Gaga."
We, too,must go non-violently rogue.
Bats. Four or more, fly above the dark land in the steel blue morning, pushing off the roof like skateboarders push off the lip of a ramp, barely resting there before swooping, arcing, circling back.
As the sky bleaches, the bats disappear.
… I am not sure how everything sours so quickly, or what makes a particular taste permeate the roof of one's mouth.
How burst forth we are.
Placed aside a road at night, disturbed by proximity of moon and star, enlightened by anniversaries and time gone by unnoticed until now, I draw a line between the past and a child. I have to step over it before I can dance where I want to dance in this field where the horse blows air from his lips and where we planted flowers back when it was so cold the ground heaved them up.
The wind blows the blades of the unplugged fan.
In Afghanistan opium is cheaper than rice.
…There is a place, Sepheri insists, behind the place of nothingness. He paints a flower's stem with long thin hands. A patch of light glides to a halt. His scalded pot has boiled dry again. Cuffs rolled. Green sweater, red blouse.He stands, back to Picasso's Guernica, head in silhouette against the bull's horns, body blocking the screaming woman from view. He's grown out his hair, his beard. I look hard at his drawings of trees. They clump together, twisting their trunks toward the light.
Someone said, criticizing his paintings, Beauty is not enough for me.
But twisting trees, like a towering mother figure inciting rag-wearers to revolt, gesture upward, onward.
…These are the backwards days, days a teapot makes an inconceivable beauty out of nothing—steam under a lid.
… Today is the hardest of all. I order my papers. The file is lost. I have to find love.
Mehmedinovic writes that war makes one asexual.
Earlier, I walked through the steelyard where boys were at war—their guns clicking. One stood behind a pile of rock. A black-hooded kid sat up high on top of the rock pile. I imagined a bee-bee wound. I was mad at them for their game when so many are at war actually.
It will snow.
Small invasive sapling.
Snow you can get lost in.
… I stare out the window at the new snow. Even Paul Celanhad a child.
Snowden says, NSA workers are issuing death threats. Someone could poke him in the street, his Russian lawyer said, and he'd be dead.
Mehmedinovic says war gave his work purpose—
… Yesterday there was a shooting at Purdue University. Some professors did not take the warnings seriously. In 2002, I walked into class to have my students inform me that there had been a shooting. Hiding definitely has its value. In this particular instance, the shooter was dead. So were professors. At Purdue, one student entered the room and killed another student.This is America. I am a teacher. A few months ago a bus driver took a bullet and died protecting his bus load of kids.
I speak on the phone with a friend who is a mother who tells me how terrified she is to enrol her children in public school.
Sontag says she would have committed suicide had it not been for her son David.
There's a kid I love who needs a mother. It's impossible—
What do you do when someone in a wetsuit and goggles sends you a message that says, I want to internet date you so hard?
If a man these days has to hack a dating website to find 33 dates with people he is actually interested in, I consider myself lucky to once have met an asshole.
… Don't tell me to go online. I grew up in the fucking backwoods. In the '90s I wrote code and was courted by a gaming company. I was 21. I told them, No. I had ethics. I had balls.
How exactly the system fucks you—fucks you and fucks you and fucks you and fucks you, and says, Don't you enjoy it?
… Too much system, no people, no real bodies.
… Forget my folders and papers. School has become corporate. Finance lingo.
… At the dog park, a boy's birth-marked face. Snow buttons on a tree. Trees grow them, you know, I said, referring to the sticks the kid was trying to glue back onto the tree with snow. The sticks kept falling. The boy made a face out of the buttons. Totems, he called them. One face was awkward, he said. His father didn't agree. The stick arms were useless. It's the law of the fulcrum, the father said. It's called gravity, dad, said the boy.
… The boys threw the snow ball and, knowing they'd hit me (my white truck), ran—six of them or so behind the library.
Outside the yelling continues. An upside down sickle moon. Iraqis say, You can't go out alone day or night. I am not speaking of me, but of all mothers, Leila says, head covered.
The translator's face is bone beautiful, as if sculpted from marble.
I feel something let loose inside me. Who are we muscling our shadows through muck?
More snow for Monday. I was ready for it to unstick.
The snow is deep. My dog Oph and I pass the wet trunks. The arches of my feet ache as ice melts. Oph scares a girl inside a snow fort. We are suspicious travellers in snow.
The Iraqi woman tells me her brother has to check his car before he enters it—for bombs.
If I have no child, I would like a horse.
Weather too precarious.
I am on the list for a boy. The referral should come this year. No promises.
The wait.
Do you know how to awaken after this deep night?
… Mask-like face of a dog, red under-eyes, a bleeding paw, ice where others have stepped along this path through the steel mill yard. No one here today. No boys with bee-bee guns and hoods up on the rocks. Just one hawk over the Schuylkill. Some rare birds, Anuj writes to me, are frequenting Dehli—voted #1 most polluted city in the world. Sparrows left, but eagles arrive in droves. Here the old mill where they once made canons is too expensive to clean up and turn over for profit. Instead, this bit of abandoned land becomes a refuge for the dog and me.
… The man died who lived near the Schuylkill in the woods. The pizza man, whose birthday is March 20, told me. Oph and I were walking and he was splitting wood for the pizza oven. A stroke, cerebral. Could have happened, the pizza man said, anywhere. He had given it all up. Bad break up, hard family life.
I remember the man who died sitting up in the park gazebo charging his phone, so he could watch black and white movies in his shack by the river. He said you guys talked, the pizza man said.
… I sold my soul to get a kid I didn't get. She loves me. I regret not having sold it sooner.
I was mother for a day when I went to visit her in October.
The road in the dark—how many people were out in dark so dark? People's tired faces in bus light.
… I open the windows.
I lie down in the mostly snow covered parking lot of the closed park (storm damage) and listen.
I think of Ahad on the rock, balancing above the earth between shoulders of mountains—Ahad, cross-legged, arms wide.
I need to dance.
My father falls face first into the snow, my mother unable to lift him.
I do not know how we can find our way back.
… Outside, spring begins to leave its trail like a snail—the ground mucus.
I am angry at the self who is stuck at the abandoned moment—as if in a photograph.
… There was the way sunlight smeared the wire cage of the post office gate we leaned against. How blinded I was by Tim's patience, waiting for me to cross the wash. My throne. He said he was my throne. We went to the park and I sat in his lap and watched the sun set.
Perhaps sadness has seen itself in the mirror.
… There is nothing that ends us.
I retain nothing. It all flies to the wind—
… Viruses, I read, spread from bats to people as humans encroach upon bats' territories.
Fruit bats are immune to many diseases. They are the only mammals that fly, and flying significantly raises their body temperature. When inoculated with bacteria that cause other mammals to run fevers, bats grow colder. Bats might be able to repair their DNA more swiftly than other mammals because they are so old and have had aeons to learn to live with pathogens. But now there is a fungus that eats a bat's nose, ears, wings, turning them white. It's killing millions. Bats only have one pup per year. Their population doesn't fluctuate. Where I live their numbers have decreased eighty percent.
The Kurdish child who could be blind and is paralysed on one-side of his body was left in the desert to die. The Siberian girl, lost in the wilderness for seven days, curls up in the grasses. The girl I know who suffers from HIV is bright. When I think of her, fire enters.
Often, I feel like a burned bowl. Salt glazes and extreme temperatures form me into such a hollow.
The bats were out this morning at 5:45. Ophelia and I walked through their flyway as they ducked and curved, their quirky movements part of some larger crepuscular language.
…We are shocked out of our longing, we are made bare before vultures, we succumb to the grand narrative that is myth. The only narrative there is death. We dangle in front of its gaping mouth. It wants to tell us what to say. Its molars sound like morals. We scream and kick and deny that it has us in its grasp. What would be the point, we hiss. There is such thing as love, and in the moments when a sun ray kisses, when a dog's breath comforts, when the tea finds its perfect pitch of nutty brown infusion, we rise to the occasion that travels beyond memory, beyond those childhood roads, beyond even the death we've witnessed that demands we live. In these moments (and they are often quiet) there is the taste of almond, the hush of a motor being started in the early morning, curbside. The glow of a rock, the thirst of a plant, all of it commends the one truth: that we will die, that there is such certainty, and in this knowing, all there is to continue to march toward certainty, arms outstretched, loving what we love.
Ching-In Chen is the author of The Heart's Traffic and co-editor of The Revolution Starts at Home: Confronting Intimate Violence Within Activist Communities. A Kundiman, Lambda and Callaloo Fellow, they are part of the Macondo and Voices of Our Nations Arts Foundation writing communities. They have also been awarded fellowships from Can Serrat, Millay Colony for the Arts, the Norman Mailer Center and Imagining America. Their work has appeared or is forthcoming in The Best American Experimental Writing, The &NOW Awards 3: The Best Innovative Writing, and Troubling the Line: Trans and Genderqueer Poetry and Poetics. They are a senior editor of The Conversant. www.chinginchen.com
These poems are from Recombinant, a hybrid creative project which investigates female and gender queer lineage in the context of labour smuggling and trafficking. In particular, juxtaposed to the historical materials of Asian immigrants to the United states, the narrative speculates about the origins of a snake head matriarch in a shiny city of the future and her relationship to her gender-non-conforming child. Examining the challenges of reconfiguring communal history and memory, the work juxtaposes voices (and other kinds of evidence) from various communities. These voices simultaneously inhabit their own spaces and make alternate meanings by sharing pathways across sections through the manipulation of white space.
Click here to read poems by Ching-In Chen
Naomi S. Daugherty is a poet and activist from Chicago who promotes and practices militant compassion and radical self-love. At the University of Missouri, Naomi graduated with a BA after studying Communication, Women and Gender Studies, and Creative Writing. At Mizzou, Naomi founded SPEAK Community Theater, a mentorship organization that prompts youth to use the creative arts as an instrument for social change. In spring of 2012, Naomi was selected to have seven of her poems published in the MU collection We are the Word We Write. In the summer of 2014, Naomi had her audio poem titled, "I hate being called a lesbian," published by Blackberry A Magazine. Naomi was awarded the Dr. Nikki Giovanni Renaissance Woman Award by the Epsilon Psi Chapter of Delta Sigma Theta for her activism in the community displayed through poetry, education, performance, mentorship, and a deep desire to see oppressed groups receive justice. Currently, Naomi resides in New Orleans, LA where she teaches English at the high school level.
some cracked brown mouths
slip on narrow ice-
and ramp round those white men
with the cod coloured scales
benching their black iridescent bones
on worn thin air,
complacent in their small lives and bleached homes
the free ones have gone
somewhere off the edge
with their breasts hauling
a music of fiery proud hands
clappin' up to god in strike
demanding this white man god,
come down with whole waters
drenched with a long sorry
the praying golden comfort hands hum sweet
come here melodic cries to god, with thirst
pulsing from their swollen shut throats
kicking over bloody populous trees.
magnolia hushed coloured rainbows
on bended knee, the baddest black gospel
womyn. one day the seeds will know the wombs
that birthed their life into pastures of free
endless autumns. they'll hold freedom tightly
around their bellies, forging blistered mouths
into hopeful entrenched liberation.
Sheila Maldonado is the author of one-bedroom solo (Fly by Night Press, 2011), her first book of poems. Along with Nelly Rosario and Macarena Hernandez, she is part of collective of writers engaged in visual conversation, Desveladas. She was born and raised in New York City. Her family hails from Honduras.
I was a teenager in the '80s when Iran-Contra put my family's homeland, Honduras in the news for the first time that I remember, as the place from which the U.S. backed war against Nicaragua, recently free of dictatorship. Learning that I was from some kind of "secret Vietnam," as Roberto Bolaño once described Latin America, was the real root of my activism.
I was very active in protest then, a marching New York City teenager, attending pro-choice rallies, listening to Rigoberta Menchú speak for a lefty Central American committee my brother was part of at Hunter College, and attending the meetings of Children for Worldwide Peace, a group of sweet, elite hippie kids who met in Quaker private schools to discuss and take action against the world's ills. I was a scholarship kid from ghetto Brooklyn, a product of the ills. Learning the hard history of all the places I was from both connected and separated me from those students.
They were people looking in on disenfranchised worlds from outside, I was looking at them from inside out. I understood that they wanted my perspective and was glad to provide it but it was a role that over time, through high school and college, exhausted me. I couldn't always dwell in the difficulty. There seemed to be a certain story people were seeking that I eventually could not provide, a set narrative that wasn't totally true to what I knew or who I was, and didn't let me live.
I thought if I just spoke the only way I could, from left field with a sense of myself, some humour, some reality, I could change that noise, but that narrative is still alive. Read Honduras's murder report here.
War and fear and Honduras are all synonymous well into my adulthood. Cold war to drug war, it is a ghetto, a barrio, a forgotten outpost, a place of dead bodies and crying women, in the middle of the Americas. It is the murder capital of the world, its children clamouring at the U.S. border, decontextualized, voiceless. Mainstream reporting leaving out history and policy, the role of the U.S. in making both there.
The arrows of the map in the video don't point further north to our land of drug demand. The people in the video barely speak. Why would they talk to a reporter there for a story he wrote before he arrived?
I made these videos because friends, writers, daughters with many roots in this hemisphere, wanted to know from me, not CNN, what it is to actually be in Honduras, a place they might never visit. I can't provide the whole picture, I'm not always there, but I do provide another one. I will never claim it is the only one. It should be one of many. There are still not enough pictures from there and all the peripheral American places.
Note: All the videos are silent except for "retiring in the murder capital of the world." Please adjust volume for sound there.
M.L Vargas is a writer, educator and serves as poetry editor for Aster(ix) Journal. She was appointed poet in residence for the Montclair Art Museum (MAM) in 2014 and sits on the board of Sharron Miller's Academy for the Performing Arts (SMAPA), N. J. Her work has appeared in various journals and anthologies, most recently The Lake Rises: poems to & for our bodies of water. She holds an MFA in poetry from Drew University and lives in New Jersey.
Resin pellets spark
clouds inside the airport chapel
& a priest marks time,
swinging the copal boat's chain.
Inside me, a baby.
We've fallen into a void so I count.
Coin droppings in the rusted box & jet
roars gage how long. A yellow-black & red-
toothed woman hobbles
up & down pews selling grilled
cobs & smiles. I hide from the shrine's
balcony where the close-eyed faithful
pray in delirium.
The aromatic fog doesn't insulate
shapes pushing through chapel doors
& we're found.
Born on Day of the Dead, my mother remains mostly questions, my desperate
demystification. The Singer nods in agreement.
She lines her perpetual stare in the darkest coal. April 9th, 1948,
her first memory. The urban poor shout
Gaitán, Gaitán. People rolled by tanks. Bottles, bullets hurled as Bogotá burns.
Her nine year old hands take home flint scooped off
the backs of the dead. Some call history knowing what happened when to whom
and some keep looking to know something for true.
What might this mean? How would victory look? I spend childhood waiting for her
to remember more or to forget, to eventually tunnel back to me.
She tells her story
and light
refracts her mind, the way leaves
print daydreams, or whisper
time back
between streams. Curse the blood.
This thing called memory rocks the blood
and swings her story
to delight
in the whisper
among the leaves.
She takes leaves
for messengers like blood
she says, which grow strong, waken her story.
She turns to the moonlight,
the memory of his back,
belt buckle hitting the floor, her back
pressed against the floor, windows plastered in leaves,
her breath dry, the lack of light,
the faint smell of urine mixed with blood.
She never tells this story
because, she whispers,
blood whispers
say, Don't. But can they pierce the mind back
to before story,
she asks. And I wouldn't mind. Say it leaves,
carries my body, the blood,
his body, she says, her voice light
and sure. She gropes for the light
switch, to convince the whispers.
Ease your racket, she says. Blood
swells her back
montaged with leaves.
Her story
bends the light, tonight, lets the blood
whisper back
her story.
The girl dodges Jester's mossy legs, all a-shimmer in muscular angular squats. He leaps about, touching everything, naming everything, the peep hole, the chair, the slits for eyes that never blink. A menthol smog swarms the living room where the mustard yellow chair reigns, ash worn & scratchy. Armpit stink wafts from its backrest. She blows desire electric through the fireplace's chain mail curtain, before the anguish of English scabs her new. She tries to sift words from the voices in the hallway. From the mustard yellow throne Jester holds dominion, stretches pearly roe from himself, smears her lips, both her hands. My fingerprints will never be the same, she thinks, but it's his tongue that inscribes. It's with words that I am made, there, on that chair.
November winds roar as the doctor grabs
your belly forcing baby's turn. Head's down,
he announces. Again, no warning as he drives
his fist inside you. He spreads his fingers, probes,
and finally pushes baby's hands off
her ears. Stay still. Her first
admonition. Slowly she flips
and lands feet first. You hear someone
say, Time's up, you're going in. Every second
means money when slicing
mothers. Your head bangs. The nurse,
this doctor, nobody hears your riotous
pleas. It must be the metal against metal
coming from your head. You might as well be
etched from sand as you try to rise
to the occasion, negotiate for your body,
for your baby's body, to hold back
the imminent tide. He's mentioned Thanksgiving,
how he wants to be home for the holiday.
Face it, your wild animal is snared.
How the body can sway
and buoy then suddenly go quiet.
Serum punctures
your spine. You're rolled
across hospital floors. Your arms are spread
and clamped, your uterus slit and yanked
over your belly. He pulls the baby out.
She's safe.
Stay safe.
claims it rains blood here but now it just rains. You can see how the river flows in her, currents unfettered. Here, penetration makes the town. Egrets, cormorants scan murky waters. Where can I deposit my shadow, she asks. If oil is blood the drill kills the mother. With no two rivers alike, she has her body, her names: Yuma, Magdalena, River of Tombs. She has our fate. The river cuts canyons, takes the land and what subtlety turns shade to shadow? Caught in her throat, the river's backbone.
Mariahadessa Ekere Tallie is the author of Dear Continuum: Letters to a Poet Crafting Liberation (Grand Concourse Press) and Karma's Footsteps (Flipped Eye). She is the Poetry Editor of the literary magazine African Voices. Her work has been published in North American Review, WSQ: Women's Studies Quarterly, Black Renaissance Noire, VIDA, Crab Orchard Review, and BOMB. Tallie's work has been the subject of a short film "I Leave My Colors Everywhere." Her work "Strut," a collaboration with photographer Dominique Sindayiganza, deals with body-image, self-acceptance, and investigates the role of capitalism in women's perceptions about their appearances. Excerpts from the series appear in the most recent issue of Hysteria magazine.
"The reason I do not believe in protest art is because I have no desire to bed down with the status quo nor do I have a desire to be legitimized by the status quo. Instead, my struggle is to change the status quo. For me protest art is not an option precisely because in reality protest art is simply a knock on the door of the big house."
"We can protest the current conditions and/or we can struggle to envision and create alternatives. We can plead for relief or we can work to inspire and incite our fellow citizens to resist. As artists, we have a choice to make. Indeed, there is always a choice to make." —KalamuYa Salaam from "I Do Not Protest, I Resist."
So many things have been working on the way I think about poetry and its role in struggles for social justice. I appreciate writing that tells the truth as the writer sees, knows, and experiences it no matter how the work is categorized (most times the poet is not in charge of this labelling of her/his work as "protest literature" or not). I hope my work is a writing of resistance. I hope it is something that makes people think of ways to work to throw off whatever systems oppress their bodies and souls; I hope it facilitates the creation of spaces, structures, communities, and a vision of a world that is sustainable and based on love instead of greed.
I know poetry can help people envision such a world and I would like for my work to do that. More and more, I find my philosophy about getting my work to an audience is aligned with ideas KalamuYa Salaam puts forth in his essay "I Do Not Protest, I Resist." No real surprise since I consider myself a child of the Black Arts Movement. This means I'm spending more time working with publishers who do their work against great odds and I'm finding ways to get my work out without a "middle-man." I think being in charge of our own work's life (life's work) and collaborating with like-minded folks to bring our work out is also a form of resistance.
Click here to read poems by Mariahadessa Ekere Tallie


text:
Louis ck hard to start dating
Naomi Campbell is reportedly dating Egyptian tobacco company boss Louis C Camilleri.The 47-year-old model is believed to have struck up a relationship with the wealthy businessman - who is also a director of Ferrari - after the pair met through their shared love of Formula One racing.
Inside the theater, the audience was very pumped to see C. He grew up in Newton, a suburb of Boston, so there was a strong homecoming vibe in the air.
"I tape two shows, and the first one feels lackluster and uninspired. It's the last night of three months on the road and the last time C. will ever perform this set: He scraps his act every year, forcing himself to start again. "If you write a book, you can't keep writing it." He's enjoying a deli sandwich, unfolding the greasy wax paper and digging in. K.'s crush on his FX sitcom, , is sitting nearby. He's fearless enough to follow his mind wherever it leads, but, beneath all the dejection and dick jokes, there's a deep moral seriousness to C. is a critically adored hit that blurs together cringe comedy, poignant drama, bathroom humor, slapstick gore and surrealist flights of fancy: It's impossible to say exactly what you're watching, and impossible to pull your eyes away. It's a deal he insisted on after years of seeing his outré ideas buffed down by writers'-room committee or squashed outright by meddling studios.
K.: He's a guy who desperately wants to do the right thing, even if he regularly messes up in the process. After 's second season wrapped this summer, C. (the initials are a rough phonetic rendering of his surname, Szekely) hit the road, selling out clubs, steadily building a meticulously crafted two-hour set that feels like an off-the-cuff confessional. K.'s count, it contains "about four raucous laughs" – his term for the hyperventilating, kick-the-seat-in-front-of-you, holy-grail eruptions he craves, the ones that make other laughs sound like background hum by comparison: "From the stage you feel this boom, this impact. was starting out, and he helped put together these New York shows.
There were so many comics they saw before anybody else knew their names, Denis Leary and Sam Kinison and Steven Wright and Bobcat Goldthwait... K., and they described the first time they saw him, when he was "still a teenager doing a bunch of weird experimental stuff." "He's better now," the slightly less morose of the two said, and this then led to a ritual listing, delivered in the flattest affect imaginable, of the various bits they admired most. (Probably NSFW, unless you work in some sort of clinic devoted to the intensive study of masturbation.) The next thing they told me I already knew, because I'd been reading a lot about C. recently and had spent some time talking with him, but these guys spoke with such gravity that it's only right to quote them: "He's not going to do any of those jokes tonight," the more morose guy said.
"Won't ever do them again.""Never repeats material," the other one added.
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Pennap GRI, Oti VB*, Bako CA
Department of Microbiology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Victor B Oti
Department of Microbiology
Nasarawa State University
Keffi, Nigeria
Tel. No: +2347069657739
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Article Type: Research Article
Manuscript ID: JTGCH-1-102
Publisher: Boffin Access Limited.
Volume: 1.1
Journal Type: Open Access
Copyright: © 2018 Pennap GRI, et al.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
Pennap GRI, Oti VB, Bako CA. Translational Pancreatology. Parallel and Overlapping Infection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus Among Tuberculosis Patients Attending A Tuberculosis/Leprosy Referral Centre in Central Nigeria: A Cross- Sectional Study. J Transl Gastroenterol Clin Hepatol. 2018 Feb;1(1):102
Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem. Coinfection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) among TB patients has paved way for the resurgence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection as well as increased risk of hepatotoxicity during tuberculosis therapy. There is paucity of published data on HIV/HBV infection in TB patients in Nigeria. This was a baseline study carried out to determine coinfection of HIV and HBV in Tuberculosis confirmed patients attending a TB/Leprosy referral healthcare Centre in Central Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 400 confirmed TB patients and their sociodemograph information were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Samples were analyzed for anti-HIV and HbsAg using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (J. Mitra and Co. Pvt. Ltd, India and Shantha Biotechnics Ltd, India respectively). Data were analyzed using SSP version 2.80. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of the 400 patients, 68(17.0%) tested positive for HIV and 48(12.0%) for HBV while 6 (1.5%) had HIV/HBV coinfection. Gender, history of STI, history of HBV vaccine and educational status were associated risk factors for the viral infection. Age, history of blood transfusion and scarification mark did not show any statistically significant association to the viral infections. The prevalence rates of HIV and HBV recorded in this population is a cause for alarm. There is therefore a need to introduce the monitoring of TB patients for therapyrelated hepatotoxicity and performance of these viral infections.
HBV; HIV; Tuberculosis; Parallel and Overlapping; Nigeria
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection have emerged as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality due to liver disease in the world for the last two decades [1-3]. This overlapping infection is more common due to the similarity in their mode of transmission [1]. In coinfection, the presence of one virus results in a change in the natural history of the other [4]. For example, HIV enhances the natural course of HBV infection and accelerates progression of liver disease to liver cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). The progression of hepatic disease to liver cirrhosis in HIV patients is almost three-times faster when compared to those negative for HIV [5]. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates approximately 240 million people worldwide are chronically infected with HBV [3]. Areas of high prevalence are similar to the global TB epidemiological "hotspots" which include sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where the prevalence is estimated to be between 8 and 20% [3,4].
Tuberculosis is still a leading global health problem caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. There are 9.6 million new cases of TB globally and 1.5 million deaths [6,7]. HIV infection which is recognized as a leading cause of death worldwide is central in escalating this situation. Sub-Saharan Africa is the most affected region, with 24.7 million people been infected with HIV which accounts for almost 70% of the global total of new HIV infections [6,8-9].
Several studies report an increased coinfection with HIV and/or HBV in TB patients [2,10- 12]. However, there is paucity of published data on these viral infections among tuberculosis patients in Nigeria. In view of the aforementioned, this baseline study became imperative.
The study was designed to cover patients receiving treatment at the Tuberculosis/ Leprosy unit of Evangelical Reformed Church of Christ (ERCC) Alushi, Nigeria. It is 134 Km from Abuja the Federal Capital and 62 Km from Lafia the state capital [13].
A total of 400 tuberculosis patients attending the TB/ Leprosy referral Centres participated in this cross sectional Hospital-based study from May through August 2017. An informed consent was obtained from each participant or parents/guardians of participant below 18 years. A representative sample size was determined using the formula propounded by Naing, [14]. This study did not interfere with the normal management of the patients. Their sociodemographic and clinical information was obtained by administering a structured questionnaire.
Three ml of blood sample was collected from each patient by venipuncture into a labeled plain tube. This was allowed to clot at room temperature and spun for 5 minutes at 3,000 rpm. The resultant sera were harvested into well labeled cryovials and stored at -20°C until ready for use.
Tuberculosis patients attending the TB/Leprosy Referral Centre were recruited for the study. Only those between the age of 15 and 65 years with active TB disease who indicated willingness to participate in the study and gave written informed consent were enrolled.
To detect anti-HIV, the anti-HIV 1/2 World Health Organization approved kit "DETERMINE" was used for the initial screening. All reactive samples were retested with a MicroELISA Kit (J. Mitra and Co. Pvt, Ltd, India). Both kits were used according to each manufacturer's specifications.
A rapid in vitro qualitative sandwich immunoassay diagnostic kit was used for screening the sera for HBsAg. The test kit (HBsAg one step test strips, ACON Laboratories Inc, USA) utilizes a combination of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to detect HBsAg in serum.
All reactive samples were further confirmed using with Shantest TM HBsAg ELISA (Shantha Biotechnics Ltd, India). The test procedure and result interpretations were carried out according to the manufacturers' specifications.
The data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis using Smith's Statistical Package (SSP version 2.80, Claremont, California-USA). Chi-square statistical test was used to determine associations. Values obtained were considered statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05.
A total of 400 Tuberculosis patients attending a TB/Leprosy Referral Centre participated in this study. Of them 68 (17.0%) were seropositive for anti-HIV and 48 (12.0%) for HBsAg while 6 (1.5%) were positive for both HIV and HBsAg infection surrogates. The prevalence of HIV/HBV coinfection among female TB patients was 3.6% (p < 0.05). The prevalence for single infection was higher in males (17.2%) for HIV and females (14.3%) for HBV. The coinfection rate was 4.5%, 2.4%, 1.9% and 0.0% among patients aged <18 years, 33-39 years, >47 years and 19-25, 40-46 years respectively (P > 0.05). Patients who had a history of STI (11.1%, P= 0.0000), Presence of Scarification mark (2.9%, P= 0.2930) and do not have any formal education (10.7%, P= 0.0000) were more likely to be infected with HIV and HBV, while history of blood transfusion was more among those with no history of blood transfusion than those with a history of blood transfusion (P > 0.05) (Table 1).
Table 1: Table 1: Parallel and Overlapping infection of HIV and HBV among tuberculosis patients attending TB/Leprosy Referral Centre in Central, Nigeria with respect to risk factors studied.
Tuberculosis is a serious public health challenge in most developing countries and it has jeopardy to the worldwide epidemic of HIV and HBV infections. This study investigated the parallel and overlapping infection of HIV and HBV infections among TB patients attending a TB/Leprosy Referral Centre in Central Nigeria. Such studies have been reported in a good number of nations, yet reports on these viral pathogens among TB patients are scarce in Nigeria. The overall prevalence of HIV/HBV infection in this current study was 1.5% which is lower than findings from similar studies in the world. It was 12.7% among TB and HIV positive patients in Cameroun, 23.1% among tuberculosis patients in United Kingdom, 35.8% in TB patients in Brazil and 36.7% in HIV/AIDS and active tuberculosis patients in Brazil [2,10-12]. These differences might be as a result of different diagnostic methods, sample size and location of the study population.
The 17.0% prevalence of HIV infection among TB patients observed in this study is lower than the 44.2% and 19.8% reported by Pennap et al. in Nasarawa State and Okoh and Omuemu, in Benin, Nigeria respectively [15,16]. Several studies on the prevalence of anti-HIV among TB patients in different countries of the world have also shown different rates. For example, it was 32.8% in Cameroun, 13% in Ethiopia, 1.48% in India [2,4,17]. The observation in this study might not be unconnected with the fact that there is a relatively high prevalence of HIV circulating in the study area.
The prevalence of HBV infection among the study population in the present study was 12.0%. Similar findings have been reported in different studies [2,4,5,11,17-22]. Hepatitis B virus carrier might be at a higher risk of contracting TB. Infection of HBV in TB patients increases the risk of anti-TB treatment-induced hepatotoxicity and therefore, caution should be taken in checking patients for hepatotoxicity related to TB drugs [4].
The proportion of HIV and HBV infection was found to be higher in females (3.6%) than males (0.0%). Higher rate of HIV and HBV infections was discovered among male (17.2%) and female (14.3%) gender respectively. However, there was a statistically significant association among patients with respect to gender (p < 0.05). This observation did not correspond with previous findings [2,4,5,12,15]. There is no obvious reason for such outcome but it is probably related to the higher incidence of HIV and HBV infections in females which might predispose them to TB as the formers are known to activate dormant TB. Women are more susceptible to HIV and HBV infections and are usually exposed to sexual activities earlier than men mainly due to economic challenges. Furthermore, most African women are so submissive to their husbands to the level that they have little or no say in sex related matters. The study was in a setting where early and polygamous marriage is common. It is therefore possible for one male to be a source of infection to several females [15].
The present study reported a highest infection of HIV and HBV among patients aged < 18 years with a prevalence of 4.5% and a highest prevalence of single infection of HIV and HBV among those aged 33-39 years and < 18 years respectively. There were no statistically significant associations between the prevalence of the viral infections and age (p > 0.05). This observation corresponds with report from similar studies [10,12,15,16]. This indicates that being young is a possible risk factor for contracting these viruses.
This study did not demonstrate any association of HIV and HBV infection with history of blood transfusion (p > 0.05) but there was an association statistically between HBV prevalence and history of blood transfusion (p < 0.05). Patients with no history of blood transfusion had a higher prevalence than those with a history of blood transfusion for both single and multiple infections. This reflects the effectiveness of the measures taken by our blood banks. Similar outcome was reported in a study conducted in Sudan [5].
Similarly, the viral parallel and overlapping infections were associated with history of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). The infections with anti-HIV (61.1%), HBsAg (27.8%) and HIV and HBV (11.1%) were higher among those with a history of STIs. This agrees with a similar study in Ethiopia [17]. The presence of an STI is an obvious risk factor for the acquisition of the viral pathogens and other opportunistic parasites.
With reference to scarification mark, patients with a scar had a 2.9% HIV/HBV coinfection rate. Those with no scarification mark had a 12.0% HBV prevalence and patients with a history of scarification mark had 23.5% HIV prevalence. No statistical association between scarification mark and the viral infections was recorded (p > 0.05).
However, this may not be a perfect conclusion because the marks are actually given early in life, and considering the mean age of the subjects, those who might have contracted infections through such means should have died especially of HIV. In a related development, educational status appeared to be a risk factor for both single and dual infections. Obviously, infection was highest among those with no formal education for HIV (46.4%), HBV (42.9%) and HIV/HBV (10.7%). Education has been acknowledged to be of advantage in various facets of life. It helps in making informed decision and also sourcing for useful information regarding health status on possible ways of avoiding infectious agents [23]. This report is consistent with reports of Okoh and Omuemu, and Hussain et al. which asserted that educational status has a statistically significant association with on HIV and HBV positivity [4,16].
The 1.5%, 12.0% and 17.0% prevalence of HIV/HBV, HBV and HIV among TB patients is a cause for alarm and it is suggestive to more careful screening for these viral agents in TB patients. Although, some risk factors identified in this study, such as gender, history of STI and educational status can be said to have contributed to infections in the area. Coinfection of these viruses increases the risk of hepatotoxicity particularly during treatment of TB. Therefore, adopting strategies such as integrating HIV testing, target screening, counselling and referral services into the existing system for HIV/ HBV/TB prevention and/or treatment services is recommended in the study area.
HBV DNA by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was not done due to availability of the technology. This may have increased the prevalence of HBV in our study as it would allow early diagnosis of these viral agents before HBsAg were detectable in serum. Limited availability of funds prevented viral loads studies as well as measurement of other viral serological markers among the patients.
In line with the Helsinki Declaration, clearance for this study was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of Nasarawa State Ministry of Health.


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1 Avery County Schools Policy Policy Code: 1720/4015/7225 DISCRIMINATION, HARASSMENT AND BULLYING COMPLAINT PROCEDURE The Avery County Board of Education takes seriously all complaints of unlawful discrimination, harassment and bullying. The process provided in this policy is designed for those individuals who believe that they may have been discriminated against, bullied or harassed in violation of policy 1710/4021/7230, Prohibition Against Discrimination, Harassment and Bullying. Individuals who have witnessed or have reliable information that another person has been subject to unlawful discrimination, harassment or bullying also should report such violations to one of the school system officials listed in subsection C.1. of this policy. Reports may be made anonymously. A. DEFINITIONS 1. Alleged Perpetrator The alleged perpetrator is the individual alleged to have discriminated against, harassed or bullied the complainant. 2. Complaint A complaint is an oral or written notification made by a person who believes he or she is the victim of unlawful discrimination, harassment or bullying. 3. Complainant The complainant is the individual complaining of being discriminated against, harassed or bullied. 4. Days Days are the working days, exclusive of Saturdays, Sundays, vacation days or holidays, as set forth in the school calendar. In counting days, the first day will be the first full working day following receipt of the complaint. When a complaint is submitted on or after May 1, time limits will consist of all weekdays (Monday Friday) so that the matter may be resolved before the close of the school term or as soon thereafter as possible. 5. Investigative Report The investigative report is a written account of the findings of the investigation conducted in response to a complaint. 6. Investigator The investigator is the school official responsible for investigating and responding to the complaint. 7. Report A report is an oral or written notification that an individual, other than the reporter, is a suspected perpetrator or victim of unlawful discrimination, harassment or bullying. B. REPORTING BY EMPLOYEES OR OTHER THIRD PARTIES Avery County Schools Policy Code: 1720/4015/7225 Page 1 of 7
2 1. Mandatory Reporting by School Employees Any employee who witnessed or who has reliable information or reason to believe that an individual may have been discriminated against, harassed or bullied in violation of policy 1710/4021/7230 must report the offense immediately to an appropriate individual designated in subsection C.1., below. An employee who does not promptly report possible discrimination, harassment or bullying shall be subject to disciplinary action. 2. Reporting by Other Third Parties All members of the school community including students, parents, volunteers and visitors are also strongly encouraged to report any act that may constitute an incident of discrimination, harassment or bullying. 3. Anonymous Reporting Reports of discrimination, harassment or bullying may be made anonymously but formal disciplinary action may not be taken solely on the basis of an anonymous report. 4. Investigation of Reports Reports of discrimination, harassment or bullying shall be investigated sufficiently to determine whether further action under this policy or otherwise is necessary, and school officials shall take such action as appropriate under the circumstances. At the option of the alleged victim, the report may be treated as a complaint by the alleged victim under this policy. C. COMPLAINTS BROUGHT BY ALLEGED VICTIMS OF DISCRIMINATION, HARASSMENT OR BULLYING 1. Filing a Complaint Any individual, who believes that he or she has been discriminated against, harassed or bullied is strongly encouraged to file a complaint orally or in writing to any of the following individuals: a) the principal or assistant principal of the school at which either the alleged perpetrator or alleged victim attends or is employed; b) an immediate supervisor if the individual making the complaint is an employee; c) the assistant superintendent of human resources if the alleged perpetrator or alleged victim is an employee of the school system (or the superintendent if the assistant superintendent of human resources is the alleged perpetrator); d) the Title IX coordinator for claims of sex discrimination or sexual harassment; or e) the Section 504 coordinator or the ADA coordinator for claims of discrimination on the basis of a disability. 2. Time Period for Filing a Complaint A complaint should be filed as soon as possible but no later than 30 days after disclosure or discovery of the facts giving rise to the complaint. Complaints submitted after the 30-day period may be investigated; Avery County Schools Policy Code: 1720/4015/7225 Page 2 of 7
3 however, individuals should recognize that delays in reporting may significantly impair the ability of school officials to investigate and respond to such complaints. 3. Informal Resolution The board acknowledges that many complaints may be addressed informally through such methods as conferences or mediation, and the board encourages the use of such procedures to the extent possible. If an informal process is used, the principal or other designated personnel must (1) notify the complainant that he or she has the option to request formal procedures at any time and (2) make a copy of this policy and other relevant policies available to the complainant. In those circumstances in which informal procedures fail or are inappropriate or in which the complainant requests formal procedures, the complaints will be investigated promptly, impartially and thoroughly according to the procedures outlined in the remainder of this policy. D. PROCESS FOR ADDRESSING COMPLAINTS OF ALLEGED INCIDENTS OF DISCRIMINATION, HARASSMENT OR BULLYING 1. Initiating the Investigation a) Whoever receives a complaint of discrimination, harassment or bullying pursuant to subsection C.1. shall immediately notify the appropriate investigator who shall respond to the complaint and investigate. The investigator of a complaint is determined as follows: i. If the alleged incident occurred under the jurisdiction of the principal, the investigator is the principal or designee, unless the alleged perpetrator is the principal, the assistant superintendent of human resources, the superintendent or a member of the board. If the alleged perpetrator is any other employee, the principal or designee shall conduct the investigation in consultation with the assistant superintendent of human resources or designee. ii. If the alleged perpetrator is the principal, the assistant superintendent of human resources or designee is the investigator. iii. If the alleged incident occurred outside of the jurisdiction of a principal (for example, at the central office), the assistant superintendent of human resources or designee is the investigator unless the alleged perpetrator is the assistant superintendent of human resources, the superintendent or a member of the board. iv. If the alleged perpetrator is the assistant superintendent for human resources, the superintendent or designee is the investigator. v. If the alleged perpetrator is the superintendent, the board attorney is the investigator. (In such cases, whoever receives a complaint of discrimination, harassment or bullying shall immediately notify the assistant superintendent of human resources who shall immediately notify the board chair. The board chair shall direct the board attorney to respond to the complaint and investigate.) Avery County Schools Policy Code: 1720/4015/7225 Page 3 of 7
4 vi. If the alleged perpetrator is a member of the board, the board attorney is the investigator. (In such cases, whoever receives a complaint of discrimination, harassment or bullying shall immediately notify the superintendent who shall direct the board attorney to respond to the complaint and investigate. Unless the board chair is the alleged perpetrator, the superintendent shall also notify the board chair of the complaint.) b) As applicable, the investigator shall immediately notify the Title IX, Section 504 or ADA coordinator of the complaint, and, as appropriate, may designate the coordinator to conduct the investigation. c) The investigator shall explain the process of the investigation to the complainant and inquire as to whether the complainant would like to suggest a course of corrective action. d) Written documentation of all reports and complaints, as well as the school system s response, must be maintained in accordance with policy 1710/4021/7230. e) Failure to investigate and/or address claims of discrimination, harassment or bullying shall result in disciplinary action. 2. Conducting the Investigation a) The investigator is responsible for determining whether the alleged act(s) constitutes a violation of policy 1710/4021/7230. In so doing, the investigator shall impartially, promptly and thoroughly investigate the complaint. The investigator shall interview (1) the complainant; (2) the alleged perpetrator(s); and (3) any other individuals, including other possible victims, who may have relevant information. b) Information may be shared only with individuals who need the information in order to investigate and address the complaint appropriately. Any requests by the complainant for confidentiality shall be evaluated within the context of the legal responsibilities of the school system. Any complaints withdrawn to protect confidentiality must be recorded in accordance with policy 1710/4021/7230. c) The investigator shall review the factual information gathered through the investigation to determine whether the alleged conduct constitutes discrimination, harassment or bullying, giving consideration to all factual information, the context in which the alleged incidents occurred, the age and maturity of the complainant and alleged perpetrator(s), and any other relevant circumstances. 3. Investigative Report Avery County Schools Policy Code: 1720/4015/7225 Page 4 of 7
5 4. Appeal of Investigative Report a) The investigator shall submit a written investigative report to the superintendent and, as applicable, to the Title IX, Section 504 or ADA coordinator. b) The investigator shall notify the complainant of the results of the investigation within 15 days of receiving the complaint, unless additional time is necessary to conduct an impartial, thorough investigation. The investigator shall specify whether the complaint was substantiated and, if so, shall also specify: i. reasonable, timely, age-appropriate, corrective action intended to end the discrimination, harassment or bullying and prevent it from recurring; ii. as needed, reasonable steps to address the effects of the discrimination, harassment or bullying on the complainant; and iii. as needed, reasonable steps to protect the complainant from retaliation as a result of communicating the complaint c) Information regarding specific disciplinary action imposed on the alleged perpetrator(s) will not be given to the complainant unless the information relates directly to the complainant (e.g., an order requiring the perpetrator not to have contact with the complainant). d) If the investigator determines that the complaint was substantiated, the perpetrator(s) shall be subject to discipline or other corrective steps, as described in policy 1710/4021/7230. If the corrective steps involve actions outside the scope of the investigator s authority, the superintendent will be notified so that responsibility for taking the corrective steps may be delegated to the appropriate individual. e) Each alleged perpetrator will be provided with a written summary of the results of the investigation in regard to whether the complaint was substantiated, whether the alleged perpetrator violated relevant law or board policies by his or her actions, and what, if any, disciplinary actions or consequences will be imposed upon the perpetrator in accordance with board policy. The perpetrator may appeal any disciplinary action or consequence in accordance with board policy and law. However, an appeal by the perpetrator of disciplinary action does not preclude school officials from taking appropriate action to address the discrimination, harassment or bullying a) If the complainant is dissatisfied with the investigative report, he or she may appeal the decision to the superintendent (unless the alleged perpetrator is the assistant superintendent for human resources or the superintendent, in which cases the complainant may appeal directly to the board in accordance with the procedure described in subsection E.4.b below). The appeal must be submitted in writing within five days of receiving the investigative report. The superintendent may review the documents, conduct any further investigation necessary or take any other steps the superintendent determines to be appropriate in order to respond to the complaint. The superintendent shall provide a written response Avery County Schools Policy Code: 1720/4015/7225 Page 5 of 7
6 within 10 days after receiving the appeal, unless further investigation is needed. b) If the complainant is dissatisfied with the superintendent s response, he or she may appeal the decision to the board within five days of receiving the superintendent s response. The board will review the documents, direct that further investigation be conducted if necessary and take any other steps that the board determines to be appropriate in order to respond to the complaint. Upon request of the complainant, the board will hold a hearing pursuant to policy 2500, Hearings Before the Board. The board will provide a written response within 30 days after receiving the appeal, unless further investigation is necessary or the hearing necessitates that more time be taken to respond. E. TIMELINESS OF PROCESS The number of days indicated at each step of the process should be considered a maximum. Every effort should be made to expedite the process. If any school official charged with investigating the complaint or reviewing the investigation fails at any step in the process to communicate a decision within the specified time limit, the complainant will be entitled to appeal the complaint to the next step unless the official has notified the complainant of the delay and the reason for the delay, such as the complexity of the investigation, review or report. The school official shall make reasonable efforts to keep the complainant apprised of progress being made during any period of delay. Delays that interfere with the exercise of any legal rights are not permitted. Failure by the complainant at any step in the process to appeal a complaint to the next step within the specified time limit will be considered acceptance of the decision at that step, unless the complainant has notified the investigator of a delay and the reason for the delay and the investigator has consented in writing to the delay. F. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1. No reprisals or retaliation of any kind will be taken by the board or by an employee of the school system against the complainant or other individual on account of his or her filing a complaint or report or participating in an investigation of a complaint or report filed and decided pursuant to this policy, unless the person knew or had reason to believe that the complaint or report was false or knowingly provided false information. 2. All meetings and hearings conducted pursuant to this policy will be private. 3. The board and school system officials will consider requests to hear complaints from a group, but the board and officials have the discretion to hear and respond to complainants individually. Avery County Schools Policy Code: 1720/4015/7225 Page 6 of 7
7 4. The complainant may be represented by an advocate, such as an attorney, at any meeting with school system officials. 5. Should, in the judgment of the superintendent or designee, the investigation or processing of a complaint require that an employee be absent from regular work assignments, such absences shall be excused without loss of pay or benefits. This shall not prevent the superintendent or designee from suspending the alleged perpetrator without pay during the course of the investigation. G. RECORDS Records will be maintained as required by policy 1710/4021/7230. Legal References: Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, 29 U.S.C. 621 et seq.; Americans With Disabilities Act, 42 U.S.C et seq., 28 C.F.R. pt. 35; Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 20 U.S.C. 1232g; Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 29 U.S.C. 705(20), 794, 34 C.F.R. pt. 104; Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq., 34 C.F.R. pt. 100; Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. 2000e et seq., 29 C.F.R. pt. 1604; Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, 20 U.S.C et seq., 34 C.F.R. pt. 106; Racial Incidents and Harassment Against Students at Educational Institutions: Investigative Guidance, U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights (1994); Revised Sexual Harassment Guidance: Harassment of Students by School Employees, Other Students, or Third Parties, U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights (2001); Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District, 524 U.S. 274, (1998); Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education, 526 U.S. 629 (1999); G.S. 115C ; State Board of Education Policy HRS-A-007 Cross References: Prohibition Against Discrimination, Harassment and Bullying (policy 1710/4021/7230), Student and Parent Grievance Procedure (policy 1740/4010), Hearings Before the Board (policy 2500), Assaults, Threats and Harassment (policy 4331) Adopted: 1/11/10 Avery County Schools Policy Code: 1720/4015/7225 Page 7 of 7
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25 Colorful Blouses To Copy Asap
Inspirational Colorful Blouses from 25 of the Adorable Colorful Blouses collection is the most trending fashion outfit this summer. This Adorable Designs Colorful Blouses look was carefully discovered by our fashion designers and defined as most wanted and expected this time of the year. This Dizzy Colorful Blouses will definitely fit into Stylish clothes and surprise anyone who is up for Latest Fashion Trends.


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Icon Design: How To Design Your Own Travel Icon Set
Lindsey Slutz, Surface Pattern Designer
- 0.5x
- 1x (Normal)
- 1.25x
- 1.5x
- 2x
Idea Process1:58
Designing Icons24:16
About This Class
Learn how to create your own travel icon set. These videos will go through the thought process of designing an icon set and it's filled with lots of tips to make your design process faster.
Bonus: Icon design worksheet.
WIN: Upload a project by April 4th and you will be entered to win a sticker pack of your favorite design. The pack will be 10 high-quality vinyl stickers with your design. Example of sticker. I can't wait to see your designs.
Class Projects 1 See All
- --
- Beginner
- Intermediate
- Advanced
- All Levels
- Beg/Int
- Int/Adv
Community Generated
The level is determined by a majority opinion of students who have reviewed this class. The teacher's recommendation is shown until at least 5 student responses are collected.
Hi! I'm so glad you're here. My name is Lindsey Slutz and I'm a graphic & surface pattern designer, blogger and the founder of East Coast Charm. I'm known for my preppy style that comes organically from growing up near the coast of North Carolina. I also gather inspiration from my travels and hikes with my husband, Eric, and our dog, Willow. In my spare time, I enjoy photography, which lends to helping create beautiful color palettes.
To see more designs...


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Security Shutter
Retractable Security
Clear Guard
Fixed Security
Burglar Guard
Cottage Guard
Polycarbonate Bar
Trellidor recently honoured the winners in the RSA franchise network for the 2017/2018 financial year. "The results were often very close in spite of the difficult economic challenges the country has been facing. We saw some incredible performances and it has been a memorable year for all those that rose to the challenge," said Trellidor Marketing and Sales Director Peter Rawson.
Winning franchises are identified in the Trellidor website showroom listing by a gold badge bearing a lion and the words 'Franchise Award Winner'
MD's Award for Trellidor Franchise of the Year
The MD's Award for Franchise of the Year went to Michael Wheatley, owner of Trellidor Bethlehem. This franchise rose to the top of Category C (smaller franchises) in the Franchise Competition. Sales figures comprise just one aspect of this award. Under Michael's leadership the Bethlehem franchise surpassed all targets for year by substantial percentages.
RSA Franchise Competition
This competition has three divisions including large franchises (Category A), medium franchises (Category B) and smaller franchises (Category C). The winners were:
• Category A: Trellidor Port Elizabeth South
• Category B: Trellidor Jeffreys Bay
• Category C: Trellidor Bethlehem
RSA Sales Consultants Competition
The Sales Consultants Competition follows the same category format as the Franchise Competition. The winners were:
• Category A: Chris Bester of Trellidor Somerset West
• Category B: Ed Andrew of Trellidor Sandton
• Category C: Michael de Nuysschen of Trellidor George
Units and Rands
A further two competitions within the RSA franchise network and the winners were:
• Most Units Sold 2017/2018: Trellidor Mthatha
• Highest Rand Value Sold 2017/2018: Trellidor Somerset West
Winners of the Trellidor Product Categories
Trellidor has a wide range of products on offer and the highest sales in each range are also recorded and the winner celebrated. These include:
• Trellidor Clear Guard: Trellidor Somerset West
• Trellidor Rollerstyle: Trellidor Somerset West
• Trellidor Cottage Guard: Trellidor Port Elizabeth South
• Trellidor Security Shutter: Trellidor Cape Town South
• Trellidor Polycarbonate Bar: Trellidor Sandton
Find your nearest Trellidor franchise
Ordering your Trellidor security product is easy! Find your nearest Trellidor franchise and
book an appointment with one of our trained security experts. If there is no Trellidor
franchise in your country, use our International Division contact details in South Africa.
You will get the best deals and understanding about your home or business security.
Select a country:
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Por favor, preencha o formulário abaixo, fornecendo-nos os seus detalhes. Um dos nossos consultores entrará em contato com você nas próximas 24 horas horas para ajudá-lo.
Please complete the form below by providing us with your details. One of our consultants will contact you within the next 24 hours to assist you.
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