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Interstate All Battery Center of Santa Rosa, CA
3315 Industrial Drive
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Sunday: Closed
Monday: 8:00 AM to 7:00 PM
Tuesday: 8:00 AM to 7:00 PM
Wednesday: 8:00 AM to 7:00 PM
Thursday: 8:00 AM to 7:00 PM
Friday: 8:00 AM to 7:00 PM
Saturday: 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM
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Interstate All Battery Center - Santa Rosa
3315 Industrial Drive
Santa Rosa, CA 95403Maps & Directions
Store Hours
Monday 8:00 AM - 7:00 PM
Tuesday 8:00 AM - 7:00 PM
Wednesday 8:00 AM - 7:00 PM
Thursday 8:00 AM - 7:00 PM
Friday 8:00 AM - 7:00 PM
Saturday 9:00 AM - 4:00 PM
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Visit Interstate All Battery Center of Santa Rosa, CA
Think of us as that trusty neighbor with the answers to all your battery, power and accessory needs. As a local business, we take pride in doing our part to empower our community. Our goal? Keeping your family and your business powered up, connected and ready for work, play and even the unexpected as your Preparedness HQ. You name it, we power it – from commercial batteries and business accounts to batteries for household devices and beyond. From the biggest RV to the tiniest hearing aid, auto battery installation to power tool battery rebuilds, we power your world with Outrageously Dependable® products and people!Read More Read Less
Every Day Can Be Earth Day
At Interstate, we're proud to do our part in taking care of our community and planet. We are happy to take your old vehicle or boat batteries and recycle it for you - free of charge. Not sure which batteries should be recycled and which can be safely disposed of with the trash? Our experts make it easy to be green. Just ask us.
Get a Battery Test - Free Today
Actually, we offer free battery tests every day! With an Interstate expert, our proprietary battery testing technology and 5 minutes, we can print out a report to let you know if you're good to go and even when your battery may begin to give you trouble. Get the peace of mind that you can get where you need to go. Stop by any time. No appointment necessary!
| December 26, 2018
Martin Bonacarso
| December 18, 2018
Larry Lacia Null
for me us long time customer, the reason why I keep Interstate Battery is the value, of the product and of course the price is very low compare to others, interstate Battery it has a long life. that's why never change my brand Interstate Battery.
| December 18, 2018
Kenneth Crawford
Good products, and service!!!
| December 18, 2018
Erik Lingard
The great customer service and huge selection of batteries.
| December 12, 2018
Roger Walker
| December 26, 2018
Martin Bonacarso
| December 18, 2018
Larry Lacia Null
for me us long time customer, the reason why I keep Interstate Battery is the value, of the product and of course the price is very low compare to others, interstate Battery it has a long life. that's why never change my brand Interstate Battery.
| December 18, 2018
Kenneth Crawford
Good products, and service!!!
| December 18, 2018
Erik Lingard
The great customer service and huge selection of batteries.
| December 12, 2018
Roger Walker
| December 11, 2018
Darren Carver
| December 11, 2018
| December 11, 2018
Rich Carnation
| December 11, 2018
Jarrid Bernhardt
| December 11, 2018
Rick Dapelo
| December 11, 2018
Scott Miller
| December 11, 2018
Lee Kaufman
Convenience and good service.
| December 11, 2018
Jean Wood
You're inventory is wide ranging and your sales associates are knowledgeable and helpful.
| December 11, 2018
Ross Kravitz
Good fast service.
| December 18, 2018
| December 11, 2018
| December 11, 2018
Aaron Nelson
| December 11, 2018
Johnthan Reid
| December 11, 2018
mark kelton
Great service!!!! After the fires last year they opened their store in Santa Rosa in Coffey Park so I could get some sealed gel batteries for solar sites for energency conmunications in the Napa Valley. We were able to get communications back up at several major sites throughout the Napa Valley within 4 days after tge fires. The ONLY place I will go for my battery needs!!!!
| December 11, 2018
Joe Bolt
LeDawn at the Santa Rosa office is a pleasure to deal with.
| December 11, 2018
Jan Blanchard
good inventory, always helpful, easy in/easy out
| December 11, 2018
Bob Mortensen
| July 1, 2017
Michelle Schiavone
Long lasting , great customer care
| October 9, 2018
James Lockwood
bought refurbished battery and the warranty expired after 3 months. now i need to buy a new one.
| April 24, 2017
Jerry Longden
(Email to Santa Rosa, CA store) Hi K, Thank you for sending the IB warranty info. You know, what I really wanted, and what Interstate Battery should provide upon the sale of every battery as part of the receipt is a brief printed form stating battery make, type, model, manufacture date, price paid, free replacement period, prorate period and warranty specific to that battery. That way there would be no confusion, questions, phone calls or emails to determine the warranty status of the purchased battery and would make for accurate, precise record keeping for customer and IB. Most all auto parts stores and automotive battery dealers, even WalMart, includes this information right on the receipt. Maybe show this to someone at Corporate. Because you may wish to modify how you record your battery sales. Thanks, Jerry Will receive my $10.00 gift certificate?
| April 2, 2017
John Shrader
Qquality products and knowledgeable staff who really talk to me as a customer are why I return to Interstate.
| February 13, 2017
Ingrid Mazariegos
I was struggling with my car turning for a while and kept avoiding it thinking I needed a new car. I was recommended Insterstate and within 20 minutes it was resolved. Thank goodness my car is turning on
| December 23, 2016
Reiner Ortlinghaus
| December 21, 2016
Thomas Leclere
They work
| August 15, 2016
Antonio Jacobo
| August 8, 2016
Lisa Golden
| March 15, 2016
James Mavrogenis
Great Value, Carry what I need, Convenient location
| January 29, 2016
ronn echols
They were so helpful, Great People!!!
| December 9, 2015
Rocky Martin
| November 4, 2015
Fred Rands
I purchased SRM29 batteries 03/2015 and the on 11/02/2015 the battery light was on in my 2006 ZAP. They replaced one on warranty and I bought another that was off warranty. On the way home the light came on again and I thought it just needed a charge. Today, 11/04/2015, the Battery light came on again so I went back to have it checked. Sean Clark, the store manager, refused to check my batteries or accept any warranty. He said he told me in march that they were the wrong batteries. He did not.
| October 19, 2015
Rodney Sverko
Always buy hearing aid batteries here. 312, packs of 8. Store was out of 8 packs. I asked cashier, she replied NO, we do not have any. They are interstate batteries I mentioned. She said, well, maybe there is not enough requests for 8 packs. She did not say they would order some or perhaps the 8 pack will not be stocked.......felt like my small amount of business was not needed.
| August 13, 2015
Phil DeBar
complete inventory, friendly staff
| July 18, 2015
Michael Adams
| July 17, 2015
Doug Bender
When I stop by the store, the product I'm looking for is in stock. Your batteries are reliable and I depend on them.
| June 2, 2015
Aubry Coady
Friendly and helpful staff
| May 25, 2015
Lee Arcuri
You have batteries for just about anything and you recharge batteries with quick turnarounds. With my busy schedule, I appreciate that.
| May 21, 2015
Chelsea Wood
Very useful items!
| May 17, 2015
Geraldine Wood
Wide variety of products in store.
| May 15, 2015
martin wood
in store stock on hand.
| May 5, 2015
william gilson
Great salesperson, good battery
| April 13, 2015
Brittni Hanson
I thought it was a bit pricey, but was glad to have our old battery checked for free
| March 13, 2015
achim roggenbuck
verry got
| March 3, 2015
Reid Sheridan
You always have what I need in stock and I believe you have a quality product.
| February 16, 2015
Josh McKee
Always seem to have the battery I'm looking for. Seem like quality batteries and accessories.
| January 27, 2015
Sanford Skolnick
Wonderful salesman. Very helpful, knowledgeable, kind salesman. He looked for the best deal for me. You should be very happy to have him as an employee. Next time I come in I will definitely ask for him. He is the reason I will buy from the Interstate Santa Rosa Store from now on.
| January 6, 2015
sterling calder
both are very good
| January 1, 2015
Carl Levine
| December 31, 2014
Sterling Calder
Both are outstanding
| December 31, 2014
Carl Levine
Products proven by the test of time to last again and again. Service personnel friendly & courteous.
| December 11, 2014
K Wells
Salespeople were very knowledgeable and nice. Great products.
| December 10, 2014
Paresh Dave
Easy to find a matching battery and batteries are reliable. Staff is very helpful also.
| November 29, 2014
Jesus Romo
| October 30, 2014
Iden Warnock
there great product and sevice is excelent
| October 13, 2014
peter guckenhimer
| September 18, 2014
Rich Walkerj
The reputation of being one of the best batteries on the market
| September 13, 2014
Les shipley
Great service, very knowledgeable person. Product works well.
| August 30, 2014
jeff beach
| August 22, 2014
Darlene Frederick
| August 19, 2014
Deanna Baxman
Good quality batteries, good service
| August 2, 2014
robert shorey
outstanding performance from all staff from the desk of robert shorey
| July 30, 2014
Edward Weber
highly reliable, stand behind products, personable service
| July 29, 2014
Greg Clanfield
quality, service, knowledgeable sales staff
| July 26, 2014
sean renteria
Batteries and great customers service
| July 22, 2014
margaret robbins
great products and service,,,,,,,sean clark
| July 22, 2014
Allie Huggins
Interstate All Battery Center of Santa Rosa changed was an excellent help during my frustrating morning. I was in and out within 10 minutes with a new battery. Sean was extremely helpful. I will be recommending this store to all of my friends and family.
| July 22, 2014
tom fitzsimmons
| July 21, 2014
Doug Braik
You have it all !! (usually)
| July 18, 2014
Aaron Ball
I like the dependability of interstate products, as well all employees and so helpful.
| July 18, 2014
russel cooper
great battery and awesome customer service will be back......sean was great
| July 18, 2014
vickie watts
great customer service sean
| July 18, 2014
luanne ebright
great customer service sean
| July 8, 2014
marco ugarte
great customer service. fast. daniel was helpful
| July 5, 2014
mark baldassari
| July 3, 2014
jenna mancanelll
| July 2, 2014
joe pimintel
| July 2, 2014
Joe Pinentel
batteries last up to 11 years.
| July 1, 2014
justin vrobel
install car batteries. wide selection of invantory. daniel was verry helpful
| July 1, 2014
john brodt
offer all different wiring etc.
| July 1, 2014
mike peterson
guys are on the ball. daniel was verry helpful
| July 1, 2014
allen ray
| June 30, 2014
bruce espinoza
| June 30, 2014
norma mcfadden
local easy to get to
| June 28, 2014
rey hirsch
i love the green and customer servise. justin sparks
| June 28, 2014
Ron Burton
I like the dependability and the prices
| June 28, 2014
dennis cameron
excellent product excellent service!
| June 28, 2014
danny winton
Outrageously Dependable
| June 28, 2014
jeff lee
good price for a good product, great customer servise. justin sparks
| June 28, 2014
patrick carney
| June 28, 2014
cynthia singler
| June 28, 2014
steven adams
they last a long time, great customer servise, justin sparks
| June 28, 2014
lew ken
| June 28, 2014
bryan seale
| June 28, 2014
dominic favuzzi
| June 28, 2014
pat barker
last dependable and good comapny to deal with.
| June 27, 2014
vern gotchet
quality. great customer servise justin


text:
Broadsword fish are kind of a brownish-grey color with a broad, mean face. He has a long, broad sword in each hand and wears a thick chest plate.
Information Edit
The Broadsword fish is probably the toughest monster to fight at this stage of the game (not including boss) as it can take up to 3 minuted to defeat with regular physical attacks. His physical defence is extremely high, so it's best to use magic attacks on him (Magic sword is a physical attack, not a magic one!). The Broadsword fishes attack isn't majorly high, but be sure to have good defence and a white magic healer capable of high/good healing spells. Fish like water, so whats the opposite of water? Fire! Fire magic is best for bringing him down. He is usually accompanied by Magic Jellyfish and he has 330 HP.
Location Edit
Undersea Caverns

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Academic Affairs
Administrative stipends prohibited for faculty on sabbatical (9/1/12)
Faculty members may not receive administrative stipends while on sabbatical. If you receive a sabbatical request from a faculty member who receives an administrative stipend for work performed in another unit (e.g., an ORU or division), please inform that unit that the individual will be on sabbatical leave and that the stipend must be suspended during the leave.
In exceptional cases, a faculty member may be granted approval to take a "sabbatical leave in residence," during which substantial administrative duties will be substituted for teaching responsibilities, as stated in APM 740-8b. Under these circumstances, the faculty member can continue to receive his or her administrative stipend.
Academic Affairs
About Academic Affairs
Visitors & Friends


text:
Meet Summit Physical Therapist Lana Schultz Krumwiede
With a doctorate in physical therapy and advanced training through continuing education with the International Academy of Orthopedic Medicine, Lana puts her expertise to work helping operative and non-operative patients reclaim active lives.
Medicine has fascinated Summit Orthopedics Physical Therapist Lana Schultz Krumwiede since her advanced anatomy classes in high school led to a physical therapy mini-internship in college.
"I worked at the clinic, where I interned as an aide, for three years," she recalls. After that, pursuing a doctorate in physical therapy seemed the natural choice.
"You can have any undergraduate degree that you want, as long as you meet the science-based prerequisites for physical therapy school," she explains. "Majors attracted to physical therapy represent a wide variety of sciences, including kinesiology, health and exercise fitness, biology, and some psychology majors. Physical therapists study for three years, including clinical internships, so a DPT represents seven years of rigorous scientific study."
During her five years with Summit, Lana has handled several roles. In addition to being a staff physical therapist at Summit's Vadnais Heights location, she also serves as physical therapist staff development lead, connecting physical therapists to continuing education opportunities, and promoting evidence-based practice among her colleagues. Recently, Lana also earned her Orthopedic Specialist Certification (OCS), which is awarded to physical therapists who have demonstrated advanced clinical knowledge and skills in orthopedics.
With advanced training in mobilization with movement and tool-assisted soft tissue mobilization therapies like the Graston Technique, Lana develops physical therapy programs for a wide variety of orthopedic conditions. Approximately half of Lana's patients have non-surgical issues including athletic injuries and pain related to the spine, hip, shoulder, knee, or ankle. The remaining half is composed of post-surgical patients recovering from procedures like ACL reconstructions.
"I thrive on variety," she says, "and there's a lot of variety with physical therapy. My patients range in age—from teenagers to seniors—with a wide range of diagnoses. At Summit, patient education is one of our mainstays. The better patients understand their condition and its treatment, the more likely it is that they'll invest and follow through with their therapy plan."
"One of the most exciting aspects of physical therapy is that you get to see results," Lana smiles. "When you work with a patient once or twice a week for two months, you really get to know them. It is such a pleasure when patients send us cards after they have completed their therapy. Some send photos. One of my patients recently sent a picture of herself back in her karate gear after she had recuperated following an ACL reconstruction. That was great to see!"
Also see...
One World Surgery: Committed to Global Health
Learn how One World Surgery's volunteer healthcare teams serve global needs.
Ask Dr. Choi: Why Do Legs Give Out Without Warning?
Learn about whether you need medical evaluation if your legs give out.
Ask Dr. Choi: How Is a Bruised Spine Evaluated?
Dr. Choi identifies bruised spine symptoms that require medical evaluation.


text:
Historical Landings v2.0.3 MOD APK
Historic Landings - Large aviation simulator of the times of World War II with colorful 3D graphics and soft control mechanics. We will immerse ourselves in the historic atmosphere and learn how to fly the plane, make pilots and make landings and takeoffs. And remember: problems during the flight will occur at any time. In the main campaign, there are three missions available to unlock twelve others: landing on runway landing, forced landing, damage, mishaps and unexpected problems, accompanying missions, rescue search requests.
Supported Android
{4.1 and up}
Supported Android Version:-
Jelly Bean(4.1–4.3.1), KitKat (4.4–4.4.4), Lollipop (5.0–5.0.2) ,Marshmallow (6.0 – 6.0.1),Nougat (7.0–7.1.1), Oreo (8.0-8.1)


text:
What a crazed week. One more week until Spring Break… whoop! I am training for a half marathon in April and I was was supposed to have my long run tomorrow but…. there is NO way I can stay inside and lift weights in a gym when its nice outside. Not happenin. So I improvised and did my 11 miles today. I had to stop and stretch my hamstrings a couple times. I'm not going to lie, I struggled a little bit with some aches and sores but the weather made up for it. 🙂
I powered up for the day with…
Yup that's oatmeal with cinnamon and Agave Nectar drizzled on top, an apple, and… greek yogurt with apple butter. Haha Sounds weird but is actually pretty good. Gotta keep things interesting!
LOVE apple butter
Pre- 11 mile snack… Banana A la Mode… bananas + cinnamon + 1 min. in microwave
I ran by sonic on my run and it sounded so good! So after I finished I went by… I decided today would be perfect to treat myself to a route 44 diet limeade. Not the best hydrating option, but refreshing nonetheless.
Quite a combo…limeades and running 🙂
I try not to have too much diet soda but I definitely guzzled that Route 44 down like a champ!
I didn't have too much time to refuel before work at the Rec so lunch was thrown together.
Bowl o berries and a sweet potato salmon cake from the Merc. I'm slightly obsessed with sweet potato salmon cakes. Berries had some Truvia on them for a little added sweetness.
Two of my favorite things…
Panera decaf coffee + dessert delights gum!
Working at the Rec center is quite the job. It's interesting to see all of the techniques for working out. It's funny the way the gym is divided. All the girls upstairs on the cardio machines and all the guys downstairs pumping iron. Sooo typical.
Song of the day: A Little Bit Stronger by Sara Evans… and the country phase continues 🙂
Have a good night!
Get fit. Get life.


text:
'I was born in Tuckahoe I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it. By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages as horses know of theirs, and it is the wish of most masters within my knowledge to keep their slaves thus ignorant.'
Thus begins the autobiography of Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) who was born into slavery in Maryland and after his escape to Massachusetts in 1838 became an ardent abolitionist and campaigner for women's rights. His Narrative, which became an instant bestseller on publication in 1845, describes his life as a slave, the cruelty he suffered at the hands of his masters, his struggle to educate himself and his fight for freedom. Passionately written, often using striking biblical imagery, the Narrative came to assume epic proportions as a founding anti-slavery text in which Douglass carefully crafted both his life story and his persona.


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If you are a working person, you probably have a few card books of your own lying around your office. You might receive a lot more cards than you've stored in them though. Think about the last time someone handed you their visiting card and what you did with it? Did you ask for it or was it just handed to you? Did you pocket it and forget about it or did it make it to your card book?
If you were the one who asked the person for their card by yourself then there's a greater chance that it ended up in your card book. However, if you've ever kept a card that you haven't asked for then there was something about the card or the person who handed it to you that gave it value in your eyes – think about what that something was.
Why are we asking you to do this? Well, let's put it this way, if there's a way to make your cards come across as more valuable, they're less likely to get tossed out when you hand them to someone you intent to do business with. There are many ways to do this actually; you could take someone out to coffee and discuss your work with them before handing your card. However, that would be an ideal situation. In the real world, you won't get too much time to make an impression on the other person.
If you get your cards made from Metal Kards, you can make an impression on the other person in a matter of seconds and make sure that your visiting card ends up in their card book so that they can reach out to you later when they need to.


text:
You need to log in or create an account to post to this user's Wall.
Jonathan started the topic Searching for my father's old 65 in the forum General Discussion 1 year, 9 months ago
Hi Everyone, I'm new to the forum. My father owned a 65 continental convertible when I was younger. I'd love to try and find it. Any suggestions on how one would go about doing so? I have the VIN#.
Thank you!
Jonathan became a registered member 1 year, 10 months ago


text:
Content Count8
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About Chris_Hamilton
member details
Virginia USA
Questions About Core Shift In L28 Blocks.
Chris_Hamilton replied to Chris_Hamilton's topic in EngineWhy would you say that? I'm not cheap. $2800 AU works out to about $2100 USD. That's a killer price imo. Especially with a flywheel. I've got 3 LD28 cranks, could sell a couple and darn near pay for that. If memory serves are you guys using Honda rods with that crank? What is the rod/stroke ratio like with an 89mm stroke? What about the pistons is the pin going through the bottom ring land? Could you give me some contact info?
Gordo reacted to a post in a topic: Questions About Core Shift In L28 Blocks.
Chris_Hamilton started following Fs: Triple Mikuni 40Phh, Could Someone Give Me Their Opinion On These Carbs?, Questions About Core Shift In L28 Blocks. and and 1 other
Could Someone Give Me Their Opinion On These Carbs?
Chris_Hamilton posted a topic in General DiscussionsFound these on Craigslist (they are also on ebay) just wondering if someone who knows more than I could tell me if these are worth what he's asking for them, and if you see any issues. Thanks. https://winstonsalem.craigslist.org/pts/5746305171.html
Questions About Core Shift In L28 Blocks.
Chris_Hamilton replied to Chris_Hamilton's topic in EngineYou guys are great, thanks for all the responses. Much better vibe here than over at Hybridz. One thing I've noticed over there is that one certain guy has to comment on everything, and he has a group of sycophants who tell him how great he is. I couldn't understand why everyone over there dismissed Peter MC when he was talking about some of work he had done. Reading his posts was like a lightbulb going off in my head. I had to find out more.Like Mr. Lurch said lots of talk and not much practical experience. But that is most Internet car forums I guess. Do wish you guys were'nt halfway around the world as I'd love to get Peter, Les, Lurch to do some of the work. Unfortunately my budget will probably keep me from that.I have 4 N42/N42 motors and one E88/N42 I'm hoping that one of those will work out. I know it's just a number but it's kinda stuck in my head to do it. But I won't if I don't have a block that will pass the .120 minimum. One thing I've thought about doing, I've done it with V8's in the past was if I have a block that will bore to 89, doing a half fill with block filler. I've had several Ford 351W's strokers that I've done the half fill on, added a bigger radiator, and oil cooler and drove on the street with no issues whatsoever.One I put close to 50k miles on and it didn't use any oil whatsover. Anyone tried that here? Lurch where can I get that crank? Approximate cost? I've got a lot more questions that I hope you guys can answer I hope you will bear with me. But for now, thanks.
Hello From The U.s.
Chris_Hamilton replied to Chris_Hamilton's topic in Introductions and Forum EtiquetteThe only picture I have of the 260 was from my Prom Night 27 years ago. I've got them somewhere, maybe I'll scan them and upload them but then you would have to not laugh at my very stylish 80's Mullet hair cut.... Place I work is very small, just myself, the owner and a helper we are trying to train. It's a word of mouth type shop. No website social media etc. Owner is 72 and still going strong, we work on stuff other places don't want to touch. Auburns, Cords, pre WW1 Brass Era, we got a Stutz Bearcat in the shop now. Been fabricating a lot of panels for that. I'd love to post pics but that is something I'm not allowed to do. Owner is very much against that. It's interesting but those cars are not really my cup of tea. But it beats working in Collision Repair which is what I did for many years before transitioning to this.
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Gordo reacted to a post in a topic: Hello From The U.s.
Questions About Core Shift In L28 Blocks.
Chris_Hamilton posted a topic in EngineSo I've been lurking here for a while and I read several threads where it was discussed that core shift is an issue in both the N42 and F54 blocks. I then went to Les Collins site where he stated that only 1 in 6 blocks could handle being bored to 89. This came as a surprise to me as I've never seen it discussed on Hybridz or anywhere else. I tried to discuss it over a hybridz and everyone seemed to dismiss the idea. I for one believe someone who has come to a conclusion as a result of testing rather than repeating something that gets said over the internet and is passed on as truth. That being said there are a lot of guys running 89mm pistons that have probably never had the block sonic checked prior to boring it out. Is the .120 minimum mainly for racing or engines that will see extended high rpm's or will a street motor survive with less. Just curious what some of you think. Also did the core shift issue affect all years? I've always read that the Japanese preferred the 75-76 N42 blocks for overboring. Is that a wives tale too? I've been collecting 75-76 N42/N42 motors with the idea of doing the 89mm bore along with the LD28 crank. (been collecting those as well....Collecting this stuff starts getting expensive and hard to explain to my wife as well. I'd appreciate any thoughts you guys have.
Nos 260 280Z 2+2 Roof Emblems
Chris_Hamilton posted a topic in Parts and Tools for SaleListed these on ClassicZcar and Hybridz but I thought I'd list them here as well, maybe someone's looking for a set. I've had these for a while and since I'm not going to use them I figured I'd see if anyone was interested in them. I have a set of NIB(new in box) 2+2 roof emblems. LH and RH. These are long since NLA. The boxes show some age and the emblems have been removed from the plastic, (still have the plastic bag for one). The emblems themselves are absolutely perfect. No blemishes anywhere. Absolutely like new. If you are looking for a set I'm sure you've seen they are next to impossible to find. One site has a new pair listed for almost $1000!! I'm looking to get $300 or best offer for the set. If you are interested I can give you a quote on shipping.. Paypal only. Thanks for looking. EDIT: Sorry I forgot to make clear $300 USD That would translate to about $398 AUD according to http://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=300&From=USD&To=AUD
Fs: Triple Mikuni 40Phh
Chris_Hamilton replied to ScottyB's topic in Parts and Tools for SaleDo you still have the 44's? If so are you willing to ship to the US?
Hello From The U.s.
Chris_Hamilton posted a topic in Introductions and Forum EtiquetteHi everyone my name is Chris, I've lurked here for a while and just wanted to say Hi. I really like some of the info here and have read a lot of various members post with great interest. As for me I'm 43, from rural Virginia, USA. I've been a bodyman/painter for most of my adult life. I currently work at a Restoration Shop where we mainly do Concours style restos on pre-war vehicles. My first car was a 260Z which started my love of Z's. Had a very early Series 1 after the 260 but this was in the pre internet days so I really didn't know what I had at the time. Sold it so I could buy a 4x4 .. Currently I have a one owner '73 that lived it's entire life in California. Most rust free Z I ever have seen. I also have a rusty '71 that I bought on Ebay and got seriously taken. Live and learn I guess. Anyways this is a really great forum and I hope to learn and help out in anyway I can.


text:
Here's my progress on my July red, white and blue stitch. It's more gray and green, and taupe than anything at the moment.
I'm awash in yellow birds. Let's take a look.
The Orange-crowned Warblers have a pale yellow belly with an olive back.
They've been fairly active lately.
They're probably the least showy warbler we have in the Pacific NW.
The Wilson's Warblers are much more vibrant.
The true test is the female, and as you can see she is Crayola crayon bright yellow.
Loved her with the lavender verbena.
I got excited when she flew in closer...
The cage is annoying...
Oh! Here she is on top.
She's a pretty bird.
Back to the thicket again.
Then up on the deer fence.
This is a photo that makes me happy!
Nature at its best and prettiest.


text:
Chapter 14: Social Behavior
Group Living and Social Influence
Minority Social Influence
Social Perception
Detecting Deception
Exclusion and Inclusion
Prejudice and Discrimination
Breaking New Ground: The Study of Implicit Bias
Attitudes and Behavior
The Nature and Nurture of Attitudes
Attitude Change
Cognitive Dissonance
Social Relations
The Nature and Nurture of Aggression
Social Influences on Aggression
Prosocial Behavior
Psychology in the Real World: Violent Media, Violent World
The Bystander Effect
Liking, Attraction, and Love
Familiarity, Similarity, and Attraction
Sexual Attraction and Mate Selection
Chapter Review
· Social psychology is the study of the effects of the real or imagined presence of others on people's thoughts, feelings, and actions.
· Group living offered many advantages in the evolution of our species, such as increased safety in the presence of danger, cooperation with others to complete challenging tasks (such as hunting), and rearing children.
· Today we work hard to maintain our relationships, going so far as to modify our behavior when we are in the presence of others.
· Social facilitation occurs when the presence of others improves our performance. The effect of the presence of others can depend on the situation or task at hand, how easy or difficult the task is, and how excited you are.
o CONNECTION: Performance is weakest at low arousal, best at moderate levels of arousal, and it drops off again at high arousal. This is the Yerkes-Dodson law, explained in Chapter 11.
· Social loafing occurs when the presence of others causes one to relax one's standards and slack off.
· Societal or culturally imposed rules about acceptable behavior are called social norms. They can vary by culture as well.
· Conformity occurs when people adjust their behavior to what others are doing or adhere to the norms of their culture.
o Informational social influence occurs when people conform to the behavior of others because they view them as a source of knowledge about what they are supposed to do. This type of conformity is most pronounced in ambiguous or novel situations.
· Normative social influence occurs when people go along with the behavior of others in order to be accepted by them.
· Asch (1951) assembled several groups of 6 to 7 people (all but one of which was a confederate in the study) in the lab and he told them he was interested in visual acuity. Asch then showed the participants two cards – one with a standard line and the other displaying three lines of varying length. The participant's job was to pick the one line from the card with three lines that matched the standard line. This comparison process was repeated 18 times and on each occasion, participants said their answers out loud.
· The one real participant was always seated in the last chair, so he heard the judgments of all of the other group members before he made his own choice.
· On the first 6 trials everyone gave the obvious and correct answer. Starting on trial 7, however, all the confederates started giving wrong answers.
· Not every participant agreed with the group all of the time, but more than three-fourths of the participants went along with the group even when the group answer was clearly wrong.
· When participants worked alone, they rarely made any errors.
· Social impact theory says that our likelihood of following either informational or normative social influence depends on three different aspects of the group: (1) how important the group is to you, (2) how close the group is to you in space and time, and (3) how many people are in the group.
· All culture influences conformity.
· In collectivist cultures, groups matter more than the individual, so any group-preserving behavior (such as conformity) would be valued and encouraged.
· CONNECTIONS: Individualism means that behavior is more determined by personal goals, whereas collectivism means that behavior is more determined by shared goals. These characteristics vary between cultures and people, as discussed in Chapter 13.
· At times a single individual or small number of individuals (the minority) can influence an entire group (the larger group is the majority). To do so, the majority must present a consistent, unwavering message.
· Most often, minority opinion shifts majority opinion by means of informational social influence. If a group encounters a situation in which the members are unsure about what to do and a minority carefully presents a well-thought-out position to the majority, then the majority might accept it.
· Obedience is a kind of conformity in which people yield to the social pressure of an authority figure.
Milgram recruited people from the community to
participate in an experiment at
· Then the experimenter showed both the teacher and learner to the adjoining room where the learner would be seated. The learner's task involved learning and repeating strings of words. He was told that every time he made an error he would receive a mild electric shock, delivered by the teacher. With each mistake, the shocks would increase in intensity. Both teacher and learner were shown the chair where the learner would sit with restraints to make sure the electrodes had a good contact when he received the shock. The teacher then received a sample shock of very low voltage to get a sense of what the learner would be experiencing. In actuality, this was the only real shock ever administered during the experiment.
· Then they went to the teacher's room. The teacher sat at a table behind a panel of little switches. Under each switch was a label indicating voltage level. The levels started at 15 volts ("mild shock") and increased in 15-volt increments all the way up to 450, with 315 volts designated as "danger: severe shock" and 435-450 (end of scale) as "XXX." The teacher was reminded that if the learner made any mistakes he would have to deliver a shock, and with each mistake, he should increase the level. In fact, the experiment was rigged, as the learner played a prerecorded tape of his responses to the shock.
· As the teacher moved up the shock scale and the learner supposedly made more errors, one could hear a yelp of pain from the learner with each shock. At this point, many teachers would ask the experimenter if they should go on, and he would say, "The experiment requires that you go on."
· Results: At 150 volts there was a drop in obedience – from 100% to about 83%. Some participants stopped, but many went on with the experiment, albeit uncomfortably. Sixty-five percent of participants went all the way to 450 volts. Men and women were equally likely to reach the 450-volt level.
· Although Milgram's participants clearly experienced mental anguish while taking part in the study, the study sparked a fierce debate about ethics in research. Milgram contacted his participants later and less than 2% reported regretting having participated.
· CONNECTIONS: What are the obligations of researchers to ensure the ethical treatment of participants in research? (See Chapter 2.)
· Burger (2006) conducted a modified version of Milgram's original study with college students. An important change from the original study was that when the participants began to protest, they were told to continue rather than told that they had to continue. Also, once participants passed the 150-volt range, the experiment stopped. By making these changes, the researchers were able to obtain permission from the American Psychological Association to conduct the experiment, which otherwise would not meet standards for ethical treatment of human participants.
· Burger ALSO reported two-thirds of participants obeyed the authority figure and continued.
· Our social perception is how we make sense of our social world.
· Attributions are the inferences we make about the causes of other people's behavior.
· Heider (1958) made an important distinction between two types of attributions.
· Internal, or dispositional attributions occur when one thinks that someone's behavior is caused by something within them, such as their personality, motive, or attitude.
· External, or situational attributions occur when one thinks that something outside the person, such as the nature of the situation, is the cause of his or her behavior.
· The tendency to make situational attributions for our own failures but dispositional attributions for our successes is known as a self-serving bias.
· The fundamental attribution error is the tendency to explain other people's behavior in terms of dispositional attributions rather than situational ones.
· CONNECTION: Cultural differences in big-picture processing versus detailed processing are seen in performance on visual perception tasks, too. (See Chapter 4.)
· According to the research, most of us are pretty poor lie detectors (performing no better than chance).
· We are bad at detecting liars because we rely too much on misleading cues (e.g., what people are saying and over-interpreting ambiguous nonverbal cues. We should instead focus on inconsistent behaviors (e.g., shaking head while saying yes) and signs of emotion that don't match what people are saying.
· The best lie detectors attend to nonverbal information more than verbal information. In fact, Secret Service agents and psychologists with a special interest in deception can pick liars at a rate significantly above chance (Ekman & O'Sullivan, 1991; Ekman, O'Sullivan & Frank, 1999).
· Schemas are like lenses through which one filters perceptions.
· We rely on schemas when forming impressions of other people. These are especially likely to color our interpretations when we encounter ambiguous information.
· Schemas of how people are likely to behave based simply on the groups to which they belong are known as stereotypes. With stereotypes, we have formed conclusions about people before we even interact with them based on the fact that they are of a certain ethnicity or live in a certain place. As such, we end up not judging people by their actions, but by our notions of how they are likely to act.
· CONNECTION: Another name for mental shortcuts used when making decisions is heuristics. Heuristics often lead to flawed thinking, as discussed in Chapter 9.
· We rely on stereotypes because they allow us to make easy and fast (and often inaccurate) judgments – especially when we don't know someone well.
· The human mind has a tendency to categorize and understand all members of a group by typical characteristics of the category, so if we meet someone new and learn that they belong to a particular group (ethnic, social, or whatever), we use what we know about members of that group for how this new person might behave.
· Stereotypes are often linked to something factual, which does not represent the group as a whole.
· Stereotypes paint dividing lines between people. They support notions of belonging and exclusion that can support unfair actions.
Exclusion and Inclusion
· Judgments of "us" versus "them" stem from defending against other groups and competing with them for limited resources.
· Perceiving others as different from us has several consequences:
1. We may evaluate and treat people differently because of the group they belong to
2. These actions are based on in-group/out-group distinctions
3. It hurts to be excluded from our group
· When we show positive feelings toward people who belong to the same group as us, and negative feelings toward those in other groups, we are displaying in-group/out-group bias.
· The out-group homogeneity effect is our tendency to see all members of an out-group as the same.
· Nature-Nurture Pointer: Social rejection activates the same brain circuitry that is activated by physical pain.
· People often use stereotypes to unfairly categorize people, which can lead to prejudice and discrimination.
Prejudice and Discrimination
· A prejudice is a biased attitude toward a group of people or an individual member of a group.
o Prejudicial thinking often stems from stereotypes and a lack of information.
o Prejudices about race are called racism; those about sex are called sexism.
· Discrimination is preferential treatment of certain people that is usually driven by prejudicial attitudes.
o Discrimination can also result from institutionalized rules.
· Prejudicial attitudes are learned early in life and even if they are formally abandoned later in life, these reactions can become quite automatic (Banaji & Greenwald, 1995).
o Prejudiced attitudes operate outside conscious awareness and they sometimes stand in stark contrast to one's conscious beliefs.
o There may also be evolutionary reasons underlying some of this automatic responding – the mechanism of recognizing group members that may have evolved to preserve group harmony, cohesion, and close alliances as means to enhance the survivability of individuals (Neuberg & Cottrell, 2006).
· See separate section for detailed explanation.
· An attitude is a person's favorable or unfavorable beliefs, feelings, or actions toward an object, idea, or person.
· Attitudes have affective, cognitive, and behavioral components. Attitudes differ by how heavily each component is weighted.
o The affective component includes the feelings or emotions associated with the belief.
o The cognitive component consists of the rational thoughts and beliefs that make up the attitude.
o The behavioral component includes the motive to act in a particular way toward the person or object of the attitude.
· Nature-Nurture Pointer: Evolutionary forces explain certain inborn attitudes, but many of our attitudes come from experience.
o Certain negative attitudes and emotional responses (e.g., fear of snakes or revulsion for bodily waste and decaying) may be so important for human survival that they are part of our genetic heritage.
o Many of our attitudes come from experience.
§ People around us teach us their attitudes through both direct and indirect instruction.
§ The direct experience with an object, idea, or person increases one's overall preference for it – this is called mere exposure.
o Conditioning can also play a role in the formation of our attitudes. An attitude can become paired with a pleasant or unpleasant feeling in classical conditioning, leading to attitude change.
§ Mark Zanna and his colleagues (1970) paired nonsense syllables with emotionally positive or negative words. After viewing many such pairs shown rapidly in random order, participants reported liking better the nonsense syllables that had been paired with positive words than with negative words.
§ CONNECTION: Advertising makes use of classical conditioning to pair products with things we like. Refresh your memory of classical conditioning by looking at Chapter 8.
· Attitudes vary on both their strength and their accessibility. Strong attitudes are those that people firmly believe, and usually reflect beliefs we have had for a long time. It makes sense that the stronger the attitude is, the harder it is to change.
Attitude Change
Cognitive dissonance
· Cognitive dissonance is the feeling of discomfort caused by information that is different from your conception of yourself as a reasonable and sensible person. When two cognitions or beliefs conflict, especially those that threaten our images of ourselves, it creates discomfort. Because we don't like feeling uncomfortable, we are motivated to try to reduce the discomfort. How?
1. We can change our behavior to make it consistent with dissonant cognition
2. We can attempt to justify our behavior by changing one of the cognitions to make it more consistent with our behavior
3. We can add new cognitions that are consistent with the behavior and thus support it
· People experiencing cognitive dissonance may go extreme lengths to reduce it and maintain our self-esteem. We often end up behaving very irrationally and rationalizing our behavior to reduce cognitive dissonance.
· Persuasion occurs when a person or group attempts to change our opinions, beliefs, or choices by explaining or arguing their position.
· How successful persuasive attempts will be depends on three things: who they are (source), the method they use to convey the message, and who we are (audience).
· The more prestigious and trustworthy the persuader, the more likely he or she is to succeed in persuading us. If the persuader is also attractive and familiar, so much the better.
· The use of fear can be very persuasive (e.g., dentists showing you pictures of what will happen to your gums if you don't floss).
· Not all people are equally malleable in their opinions or behavior. The more people know about a topic and the firmer their prior opinions are, the less likely they are to change them.
The Nature and Nurture of Aggression
· Aggression refers to the violent behaviors that are intended to cause psychological or physical harm, or both, to another being.
· Aggression is often provoked by anger, but not always.
· Hostile aggression stems from feelings of anger.
· When aggression is a means to achieve some goal, it is called instrumental aggression.
· CONNECTION: How does hostility differ from anger? Hostility is an affective trait, an aspect of personality that sets the threshold for the occurrence of the emotion of anger (see Chapter 11).
o Nature-Nurture Pointer: Aggression results from the interaction between genetic and social forces.
§ Caspi and colleagues (2002) found that when genetic factors combine with an abusive and neglectful environment, the likelihood of violence increases dramatically.
· Several brain areas are involved in aggression, including the hypothalamus, the amygdala, and the frontal cortex (Pincus, 1999).
o The part of the frontal lobe cortex responsible for impulse control is often malfunctioning in aggressive and violent people.
o Being in a constant state of fear can lead to neural systems that are primed for unusually high levels of anxiety, impulsive behavior, and vigilance, or a constant state of alertness.
· Two hormones are most consistently related to high levels of aggression: testosterone and serotonin.
o The importance of testosterone in aggression may be related to one of the more consistent gender differences: boys are consistently more aggressive than girls at most ages.
o In adults, the great majority of people arrested for criminal offenses are men.
o Relatively high levels of testosterone, whether in men or women, positively correlate with a propensity toward violence.
o Low levels of serotonin were found in criminals who had committed violent acts but not in criminals who had committed nonviolent crimes.
o Experimental research with monkeys has confirmed the link between low serotonin levels and aggression.
Social Influences on Aggression
o Situations that frustrate us and prevent us from obtaining our goals are likely to make us aggressive. Moreover, the closer we are to our goal when we become frustrated, the more aggressive we are likely to be.
§ Harris (1974) had confederates cut in front of people in lines for movies or crowded restaurants, but sometimes they cut in front of the second person in line and at other times they cut in front of someone further back in line. The response of the person standing behind the intruder was much more aggressive when the confederate cut in front of the person second in line – closest to the goal.
o Situations that lead to anger stimulate aggression, especially hostile aggression (e.g., threats to personal safety and the safety of our families).
o Observing aggressive people and the consequences of their action can make us more aggressive.
§ CONNECTION: Social learning theory offers an explanation of the kind of learning that occurs when we model or imitate the behavior of others (see Chapter 8).
· The more violence people watch on TV when they are children, the more violent behavior they exhibit as adults (Huesmann, Moise-Titus, & Podolski, 2003).
· Experimental findings also suggest that watching TV violence leads to aggressive behavior in children.
Psychology in the Real World: Violent Media, Violent World
· Bushman and Anderson (2001) have argued that the level of violence on TV greatly exaggerates the level of violence in society. Media have ignored this or denied such a relationship.
· Bushman and Anderson (2001) used meta-analytic techniques to objectively assess the relationship between TV violence and aggression. They reported that numerous scientific studies find a much stronger relationship between TV violence and aggression than is portrayed by the media.
· Young children are most often exposed to violence in cartoons on TV, which appears to increase aggression in those who watch them (Kirsh, 2006). Older children play violent video games.
· Another way to look at this issue is to see if repeated exposure to violence desensitizes the viewer.
o In
a study of desensitization to violence in kids who play violent video games,
the researchers randomly assigned over 250 male and female college students to
play either a violent or a nonviolent video game for 20 minutes (Carnagey,
o Some psychologists argue that desensitization to violence can increase aggression by reducing the perceived seriousness of a situation they encounter and reducing the likelihood of helping behavior in emergencies (Carnagey et al., 2007).
Prosocial Behavior
· Prosocial behavior refers to behavior that is beneficial to others.
The Bystander Effect
o The bystander effect states that the greater the number of bystanders who witness an emergency, the less likely any one of them is to help.
o Darley and Latané (1968) applied the scientific method to try to understand why no one came to help Kitty Genovese.
§ Research participants heard over an intercom a neighboring subject choking (or so they thought). The researchers led some of the participants to believe that they were the only ones hearing the choking subject, while others thought many people heard the choking incident. Of the participants who thought they alone heard the choking man, 85% tried to help. Of those who thought many people (including them) heard the choking, only 62% tried to offer help.
o Diffusion of responsibility occurs when there are many people around and the responsibility of any one person to act seems lessened.
o A number of factors influence whether or not someone will intervene in an emergency.
§ One is whether people actually notice the event.
§ When many people are present and doing nothing, people are less likely to interpret an event as an emergency.
§ The individual must decide that it is their responsibility to do something about the emergency.
o Altruism is selfless concern for and helping of others.
o Because altruists often expose themselves to greater danger than those who selfishly protect themselves, helping is a disadvantage to personal survival so it doesn't make a lot of evolutionary sense.
o Two explanations for altruistic behavior:
§ Kin selection is the evolutionary favoring of genes that prompt individuals to help their relatives or kin.
· Burnstein and colleagues (1994) asked people to report on who they would be most likely to help in life-and-death situations and non-life-and-death situations. For life and death situations, people reported they would be more likely to help a relative. This did not hold for non-life-and-death situations.
§ Reciprocal altruism occurs when you help others in the hope that they will help you in the future. This clearly promotes cooperation.
o Social exchange theory argues that in our relations with others we try to maximize our gains and minimize our losses. We help others because such behavior can be rewarding, but we will help only if the rewards will outweigh the costs.
o According to this perspective, then, truly selfless altruism does not exist.
o Empathy is sharing, feeling, and understanding another person's situation.
o Batson's empathy-altruism hypothesis states that people will offer selfless help only when they truly empathize with the victim.
o Two different motivations:
§ Egoistic motivation is helping in order to relieve one's own distress.
§ Empathic motivation may spring from an altruistic desire to reduce the distress of the person in need.
o Nature-Nurture Pointer: Watching someone you love experience pain activates components of physical pain circuitry in the brain.
Singer and colleagues examined brain activation
during one's real pain experience and when witnessing the pain of a loved one
(Singer et al., 2004). They created an experiment to study one's response to a
loved one's pain in the confines of an
· The actual pain stimulus activated a well-known pain circuit in the brain.
· When her partner was experiencing pain, only those structures in the pain circuit that are the emotional aspect of the pain circuit showed activation.
Liking, Attraction, and Love
Familiarity, Similarity, and Attraction
o People with similar ideas, values, and interests are more likely to like one another and share satisfying, long-lasting relationships (Keller et al., 1996).
§ Randomly assigned roommates become real friends if they have common backgrounds, similar majors, and share similar political viewpoints (Newcomb, 1961).
§ People report they like and want to help out others who have similar personalities, attitudes, or beliefs (Wakimoto & Fujihara, 2004; Westmaas & Silver, 2006).
§ People tend to be attracted to and partner with people of a similar level of attractiveness to themselves – a phenomenon known as assortative mating (Buss, 2004).
Physical Attractiveness
o People rate average and symmetrical faces as more attractive than less average and symmetrical faces. Note: average means that the sense that the size, location, and shape of each feature of the face is mathematically average in the population.
o Averaged faces tend to be more symmetrical, and people seem to prefer symmetry when they provide ratings of attractiveness of faces. Symmetry is a rough indicator of genetic fitness.
Sexual Attraction and Mate Selection
o Sexual strategies theory suggests that men and women face different problems when they seek out mates, and so they often approach relationships in very different ways (Buss & Schmitt, 1993).
o In virtually all societies, men and women engage in both short-term matings (affairs, one-night stands) and long-term matings (marriages, extended companionships) under certain conditions. Both are effective ways to increase one's reproductive fitness, but each strategy has strengths and weaknesses.
o CONNECTION: Men are more likely than women to be interested in casual sex. For the reasons why, see Chapter 11.
§ Sex differences in attraction arise because parental investment is greater for women than for men. As such, men devote a larger portion of their total mating effort to short-term mating than do women.
o Men value qualities that may signal fertility and accessibility (e.g., large breasts, wide hips compared to waist, youth), especially in short-term partners. This is less true in evaluating long-term partners.
o Women value men who can provide resources to support their offspring. Mate selection factors might drive sexual partnerships, but it is love that keeps us together.
o Types of Love
§ Sternberg's (1986) triangular theory of love proposes that three components, in various combinations, explain all the forms of human love.
· Intimacy refers to close, connected, and bonded feelings in loving relationships.
· Passion refers to the drives that lead to romance, physical attraction, sexual consummation, and is accompanied by physiological changes and arousal.
· Commitment refers to both the decision to love someone or not as well as to the decision to commit to it long-term.
§ These three components exist in different amounts for different kinds of love.
· Companionate love exists when intimacy and commitment are high and passion is low.
· Passionate love exists when intimacy and passion are high and commitment is low.
· Lust exists when there is a lot of passion but no intimacy or commitment.
§ Love as Attachment
· CONNECTION: John Bowlby (1969) used an evolutionary framework to describe how infants become emotionally attached to their caregivers and emotionally distressed when separated from them (see Chapter 5).
· Hazan and Shaver (1987) argued that the infant-caregiver attachment system underlies many of the important dynamics and individual differences observed in adult romantic relationships. The attachment system is first established when we are infants, in which our relationships with our main caregiver forms a template how we attach with others as adults, including our intimate partners. They found that:
o Securely attached adults report that they easily get close to others, readily trust others, and have more satisfying romantic relationships.
o Anxious/ambivalent adults tend to have less satisfying relationships, are more preoccupied with them, and fear that their partners do not want to be as intimate as they desire to be.
o Avoidant adults are uncomfortable being close with others, and have less satisfying relationships (Hazan & Shaver, 1987).
Making Connections in Social Psychology: Analysis of the Jonestown Cult
· See separate section for detailed explanation.
aggression: refers to the violent behaviors that are intended to cause psychological or physical harm, or both, to another being.
attitude: an individual's favorable or unfavorable beliefs, feelings, or actions toward an object, idea, or person.
attributions: the inferences we make about the causes of other people's behavior.
bystander effect: the greater the number of bystanders who witness an emergency, the less likely any one of them is to help.
cognitive dissonance: the feeling of discomfort caused by information that is different from your conception of yourself as a reasonable and sensible person.
conformity: occurs when people adjust their behavior to what others are doing or adhere to the norms of their culture.
cult: an extremist group led by a charismatic, totalitarian leader in which coercive methods are used to prevent members from leaving the group.
discrimination: preferential treatment of certain people that is usually driven by prejudicial attitudes.
empathy: sharing feeling and understanding about another person's situation.
fundamental attribution error: occurs when people tend to explain others' behavior in terms of dispositional attributions rather than situational ones.
informational social influence: occurs when people conform to the behavior of others because they view them as a source of knowledge about what they are supposed to do.
in-group/out-group bias: when we show positive feelings toward people who belong to the same group as us and negative feelings toward those in other groups.
kin selection: the evolutionary favoring of genes that prompt individuals to help their relatives or kin.
normative social influence: occurs when people go along with the behavior of others in order to be accepted by them.
obedience: occurs when one or more people follow the direct commands of another person.
out-group homogeneity: the tendency to see all members of an out-group as the same.
persuasion: when a person or group attempts to change our opinions, beliefs, or choices by explaining or arguing their position.
prejudice: a biased attitude toward a group of people or an individual member of a group based on unfair generalizations about what members of that group are like.
prosocial behavior: behavior that is beneficial to others.
reciprocal altruism: when you help others in the hope that they will help you in the future.
self-serving bias: the tendency to make situational attributions for our failures but dispositional attributions for our successes.
sexual strategies theory: suggests that men and women face different problems when they seek out mates, and so they often approach relationships in very different ways.
social psychology: the study of the effects of the real or imagined presence of others on people's thoughts, feelings, and actions.
social facilitation: occurs when the presence of others improves our performance.
social loafing: occurs when the presence of others causes one to relax one's standards and slack off.
social norms: the cultural context in which we live imposes rules about acceptable behavior.
social impact theory: says that our likelihood of following either informational or normative social influence depends on three different aspects of the group: (1) how important the group is to you, (2) how close the group is to you in space and time, and (3) how many people are in the group.
stereotypes: schemas about people based on what they are likely to do or be like based simply on groups to which they belong.
triangular theory of love: three components (intimacy, passion, and commitment), in various combinations, can explain all the forms of human love.
CONNECTION: Performance is weakest at low arousal, best at moderate levels of arousal, and drops off again at high arousal. This is the Yerkes-Dodson law, explained in Chapter 11.
· Discussion: Ask students to relate this to test performance. If they are bored with a task, they tend to lose focus and make silly mistakes. If they are too nervous/aroused when taking the test, they will experience test anxiety. They perform best when there is enough arousal to keep them focused but they are not too aroused to perform.
CONNECTION: Individualism means that behavior is more determined by personal goals, whereas collectivism means that behavior is more determined by shared goals. These characteristics vary between cultures and people, as discussed in Chapter 13.
Discussion: Ask students what they recall from the
2008 Summer Olympics held in
CONNECTION: What are the obligations of researchers to ensure the ethical treatment of participants in research? (See Chapter 2.)
Discussion: Remind students about
CONNECTION: Cultural differences in big-picture processing versus detailed processing are seen in performance on visual perception tasks, too. (See Chapter 4.)
· Discussion: One reason we may make the fundamental attribution error is due to where our visual attention is drawn. When we are acting in a situation, we are visually focused on our current situational demands. Subsequently, when asked why we did what we did, we make situational attributions. When we are watching others, however, we are focused on them and not their situations. For this reason we make dispositional attributions when we describe others. Ask students to consider how this is different in collectivist cultures.
CONNECTION: Another name for mental shortcuts used when making decisions is heuristics. Heuristics often lead to flawed thinking, as discussed in Chapter 9.
· Discussion: If heuristics are types of schemas and they are error-prone, remind students that algorithms always result in the right answer. Ask students what the relative "algorithm" would be for stereotyping.
CONNECTION: Advertising makes use of classical conditioning to pair products with things we like. Refresh your memory of classical conditioning by looking at Chapter 8.
· Discussion: Ask students which advertisements most clearly make use of classical conditioning to generate attitudes toward their products (examples can be beer commercials, car commercials, soap products, etc.).
CONNECTION: How does hostility differ from anger? Hostility is an affective trait, an aspect of personality that sets the threshold for the occurrence of the emotion of anger (see Chapter 11).
· Discussion: Just because you feel anger does not mean that you will act on it (i.e., be aggressive). Ask students how they manage anger and avoid aggression.
CONNECTION: Social learning theory offers an explanation of the kind of learning that occurs when we model or imitate the behavior of others (see Chapter 8).
· Discussion: Remind students of Bandura's Bobo Doll study. Ask students to relate that to video game violence.
CONNECTION: Men are more likely than women to be interested in casual sex. For the reasons why see Chapter 11.
· Discussion: Ask students how many children a woman typically can have in a year (one) versus how many a man can have (sky's the limit). Explain how this difference in reproductive potential influences the type of sexual strategy each gender utilizes most often.
MAKING CONNECTIONS IN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: An Analysis of Jonestown
The tragic mass suicide of hundreds of members
of the People's
· A cult is an extremist group led by a charismatic, totalitarian leader in which coercive methods are used to prevent members from leaving the group.
Jim Jones founded the People's
His group helped feed and employ the poor.
· Throughout the 1960s, the group grew in size and popularity. But as its popularity grew, rumors surfaced about coercive methods Jones used to keep people in the cult.
In the mid-1970s Jones and a large percentage of
the cult's members moved to a jungle outpost in
In 1978, U.S. Congressman Leo Ryan heard reports
that the People's
Two families secretly informed Ryan that they
wanted out. As Ryan's party and these two "defector" families tried to board
their plane,
· Jones was a charismatic figure. He sought out people who needed to hear his message: the urban poor, the elderly, ex-addicts and convicts, and minorities.
· Potential members first encountered an almost idyllic scene in which blacks and whites lived, worked, and worshiped together in total harmony. Guests were greeted warmly and invited to share a meal.
· Jones also gave them miracles. He cured diseases; sometimes he made predictions that came true with uncanny frequency.
Members were motivated to believe in Jones; they
appreciated the racial harmony, sense of purpose, and relief from feelings of
worthlessness that the People's
Jones carefully managed his public image. He
used letter writing and the political clout of hundreds of cult members to
praise and impress the politicians and reporters who supported the People's
The Role of Conformity and Obedience
Getting into the group was not easy. People
underwent a severe initiation process that actually drew members more firmly
into the group. As they became increasingly involved in the People's
· Before they entered the meeting room for each service, they wrote self-incriminating letters that were turned over to the church. If anyone objected, the refusal was interpreted as "lack of faith" in Jones.
· As he gradually increased his demands, Jones also exposed cult members to the concept of a "final ritual," mass suicide. Rehearsals of this ritual served to test followers and their faith in Jones.
o Jones was making use of the foot-in-the-door technique by getting people to agree to a moderate request (i.e., rehearsal). Once cult members had agreed to engage in frequent rehearsals of mass suicide, it became less difficult for them to go through with the real thing.
· The suicides at Jonestown can be viewed as the product of obedience. Whatever Jim Jones commanded, the members did.
· Jones used threats to induce the discipline and devotion he demanded, and he took steps to eliminate any behavior that might encourage resistance among his followers.
· Jones worked to dissolve marital bonds by forcing couples into extramarital relations, thereby working against kin selection.
· Cognitive dissonance helps explain why cult members believed Jones to the end and why so few defected.
· People did not become cult members all at once. Rather, the process of justifying their choice and becoming committed to Jones unfolded slowly over the course of weeks and months, sometimes years.
These acts were the product of a situation that
made dissent impossible and faith in Jones and the
Social Perception
Nature-Nurture Pointer: Social rejection activates the same brain circuitry that is activated by physical pain.
· Suggested Article: A Psychology Today article on social rejection and physical pain - http://psychologytoday.com/articles/pto-20031017-000001.html
Attitudes and Behavior
Nature-Nurture Pointer: Evolutionary forces explain certain inborn attitudes, but many of our attitudes come from experience.
· Discussion: Ask students what attitudes they may have that they learned from others and which are evolutionarily predisposed.
Social Relations
Nature-Nurture Pointer: Aggression results from the interaction between genetic and social forces.
· Discussion: Ask students what environmental factors have led them to aggressive actions.
Nature-Nurture Pointer: Watching someone you love experience pain activates components of physical pain circuitry in the brain.
· Discussion: Ask students what they would find more painful: having each one of their toes broken or watching the person they love most in the world having his/her toes broken.
Innovations in Measuring Implicit Bias
Additional Discussion Topics
3. Have students discuss different societal norms in our culture. Examples include elevator behavior, personal space, dating scripts, etc.
4. Ask students for examples of when they might have been the victims of prejudice or discrimination. A common example that students may have experienced is poor service at a restaurant because the wait staff did not think they would be good tippers, or trying to rent an apartment with a management company that does not allow cosigners.
5. Ask students how many of them have taken CPR classes. Ask them about the first thing they are taught to say to the "victim" (i.e., the dummy). Usually it's "Are you alright? Are you OK? YOU call 911" (said while pointing to one person). Why do we specify that one person is responsible for calling 911? Because if you don't, then people tend to look around for who is supposed to act, leading no one to act. This uncertainty is the result of diffusion of responsibility.
6. Ask students when the last time they helped someone was. Today? Yesterday? A week ago? Who did they help? Why? What did they do? You can also ask when the last time they received help was.
7. Ask students if they think altruism really exists. Ask for examples.
8. Ask students whether they think "opposites attract" or "birds of a feather flock together." Ask why and then explain that usually it is the latter.
1. Have students violate a standard cultural norm – for example, invading someone's personal space, standing backwards in a crowded elevator, etc. Ask them to describe the reaction they received from others and how they felt in the process.
2. Have students discuss what a typical member of each of the following categories is like: men, women, teenagers, Republicans, Democrats, and any other category you feel is relevant. Explain to them that all their answers represent stereotypes which can potentially lead to prejudice and discrimination.
3. Have students complete an IAT study by going to https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/demo/. Ask them if they felt the results were accurate.
4. Come into the classroom to prepare for the day's lecture. Then tell the students you forgot something and will be back in a few minutes, leaving your purse or briefcase on the desk or lectern. Have an accomplice then come in and take what you left. Return to the room and see how long it takes students to report the theft.
5. Begin your lecture for the day. About 10 minutes into the lecture, arrange for an accomplice to make noises outside the classroom as if they fell off their skateboard/ tripped, etc., and hurt themselves. Continue lecturing as if nothing happened and see how long it takes for students to respond.
Suggested Films
2. Milgram's obedience study and Ghostbusters introduction: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngB8T5SKQTA
3. Asch's line study explained (this is not very "scientific" but it is cute and informative): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7eTvM1lFKq4
4. Abu Ghraib coverage: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6lF88bWBZA
5. The Simpsons – Moe takes a lie detector test: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-TZ8Z5S9rI
6. Mean Girls (2004) is a good example of social rejection.
7. Disclosure (1994) is a good example of sexual harassment, but there are scenes with graphic sexuality and cursing. There are some great legal scenes that discuss what sexual harassment is, though.
8. The Great Debaters (2007)
9. A Class Divided (a PBS special on Jane Elliot's blue-eye/brown-eye research): http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/divided/etc/view.html
10. Wesley Autry on Late Night with David Letterman: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xq9mNhXL_Ao
11. CBS news coverage on Wesley Autry: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_N2zhu5RH34
12. Darley and Latané's smoke-filled room study reenacted: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KE5YwN4NW5o
13. Jonestown – The
Life and Death of People's
14. Paul Ekman – Why We Lie: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGQf9O61cww
Suggested Websites
1. Sigmund Freud and the Freud archives: http://users.rcn.com/brill/freudarc.html
2. How to Detect Lies: http://www.blifaloo.com/info/lies.php
3. Antipolygraph.org: http://antipolygraph.org/
4. Jane Elliot's homepage: http://www.janeelliott.com/
5. Wesley Autrey's story: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16469039/
6. Bibb Latané's homepage: http://www.humanscience.org/infoBibbLatane.cfm
7. John Darley's homepage: http://weblamp.princeton.edu/~psych/psychology/research/darley/
9. Jonestown
– Jim Jones and the People's
10. The Killing of Kitty Genovese: http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-history-hs818a,0,7944135.story
Darley, J. M., Lewis, L., & Teger, A. (1973). Do groups always inhibit individuals' responses to
potential emergencies? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 26, 395-400.
Ekman, P. & Davidson, R. J. (1993). Voluntary smiling changes regional brain activity.
Psychological Science, 4, 342-345.
Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & O'Sullivan, M. (1997). Smiles when lying. Ekman, P. &
Rosenberg, E. L. (Eds.) What the Face Reveals: Basic and Applied Studies of Spontaneous Expression
Using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) (201-216).
Hardy, C. & Latané, B. (1986). Social loafing on a cheering task. Social Science, 71(2-3), 165-
Latané, B. (1981). The psychology of social impact. American Psychologist, 36, 343-356.
Latané, B. & Darley, J. (1969). Bystander "apathy." American Scientist, 57, 244-268.
Latané, B. & Darley, J. M. (1970). The Unresponsive Bystander: Why Doesn't He Help? New
Latané, B., Williams, K., & Harkins, S. (2006). Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes
and Consequences
of Social Loafing. Preview Levine, J.M. & Moreland, R.L.
(Eds.). Small Groups (297-308).
Nisbett, R. E., Caputo, C., Legant, P., & Marecek, J. (1973). Behavior as seen by the actor and
as seen by the observer. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 27(2), 154-164.
Zajonc, R.B., Heingartner, A., & Herman, E. M. (1969). Social enhancement and impairment of
performance in the cockroach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 13(2), 83-92.
Zajonc, R. B. & Sales, S. M. (1966). Social facilitation of dominant and subordinate responses.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2(2), 160-168.


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Morgan Stanley raised its position in Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd (NYSE:RDY) by 4.4% during the first quarter, according to its most recent disclosure with the SEC. The firm has a market capitalization of $6.35 billion, a price-to-earnings ratio of 34.14 and a beta of 0.35.
DRL aims to introduce 10-15 new products this fiscal, of which it unveiled three last quarter.
The "disappointing" results hit the shares of the drug maker downwards by 3.29 per cent to Rs 2,621.45 apiece on BSE compared to previous close. The stock was the top percentage loser on the NSE index. "Our first quarter results of FY18 have been below expectations".
RDY has been the subject of several research analyst reports. "I think it was limited to the first quarter", Chakraborty said.
Separately, Deutsche Bank AG upgraded shares of Dr. Reddy's Laboratories from a "sell" rating to a "hold" rating in a report on Monday, May 15th. OLD Mutual Customised Solutions Proprietary Ltd. boosted its stake in Dr. Reddy's Laboratories by 41.8% in the first quarter. Alliancebernstein L.P. now owns 7,808 shares of the company's stock valued at $313,000 after buying an additional 2,787 shares during the period.
The company also recently declared a dividend, which was paid on Monday, July 17th. Shareholders of record on Monday, July 17th were given a dividend of $0.29 per share. Two equities research analysts have rated the stock with a sell recommendation and two have assigned a hold recommendation to the company. Dr. Reddy's Laboratories's dividend payout ratio (DPR) is 26.61%. If you are reading this news story on another publication, it was illegally stolen and reposted in violation of worldwide copyright & trademark laws. If you are accessing this story on another publication, it was copied illegally and republished in violation of US & worldwide trademark & copyright legislation. The company now has a consensus rating of "Hold" and an average target price of $41.90.
Dr Reddy's Laboratories is an integrated global pharmaceutical company.
The pharmaceutical posted revenue of $513 million in the period. The Global Generics segment includes manufacturing and marketing prescription and over-the-counter finished pharmaceutical products ready for consumption by the patient, marketed under a brand name (branded formulations) or as generic finished dosages with therapeutic equivalence to branded formulations (generics).
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Pour Mourinho, Pogba est au niveau de Messi et Neymar — Manchester UnitedNous devons accepter cette réalité", a jugé le Portugais. Leur relation avec le ballon est incroyable. Il a montré qu'il était à ce niveau.
Football. Quand un banc de touche se transforme en... canette de bièrePetite originalité, ces derniers sont aux couleurs du sponsor bière " Gambrinus " et prennent la forme d'une canette. Pour l'anecdote, deux tonnes de métal et 300 mètres carrés d'aluminium ont été nécessaires pour réaliser ces bancs.


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Groupe d'analyses et politiques économiques de Tunisie (GAPET)
Tunisia's recent political transformation has provided an opportunity to promote debate on key economic and development issues.
Tunisia's recent political transformation has provided an opportunity to promote debate on key economic and development issues.
How low- and middle-income countries support public science has a direct bearing on researchers' ability to generate knowledge, and affects how organizations adapt or apply such knowledge.
Despite attempts to reform Sudan's economy, unemployment, poverty, and inequality continue to be major challenges.
Networked technologies such as the Internet, social media, and mobile phones are increasingly important for sharing news and information, as well as for organizing collective action.
This project will explore the experiences of emerging and developing countries in order to identify how the concept of international development has evolved and where it they may be heading.
Between 1952 and 1964, the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine (UNCCP) kept records identifying, locating and valuating properties owned by Palestinian refugees in what had become Israeli territory in 1948.
Historically, scholars and researchers from the Muslim world were leaders in the area of medicine, astronomy and mathematics.


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Picocon 30
Picocon 30 was held February 16-17, 2013 at the Imperial College Union in South Kensington, London. Guests: Peter F. Hamilton, Steph Swainston, Richard Morgan, Kate Griffin
It was sponsored by the Imperial College Science Fiction and Fantasy Society.
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People's Democracy(Weekly Organ of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)
No. 07
February 17, 2008
THE Polit Bureau of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) expresses its deep grief at the passing away of Comrade P B Rangnekar, a prominent communist leader of Maharashtra and freedom fighter. He was 95 years old. He died in Mumbai on February 8, 2008.
Comrade Rangnekar served the Communist Party with utmost dedication for over seven decades with a great distinction. He was a member of the Maharashtra state committee of the CPI(M) and a member of the state secretariat from 1972 to 2005. Comrade Rangnekar was all-India joint secretary of the Students Federation in the late 1930s. He was a member of the editorial board of the party's Marathi weekly, Jeevan Marg, for more than 30 years. He was in jail for more than nine years during the freedom struggle, and also served several jail sentences after independence.
Comrade Rangnekar has left behind his wife Ahilya Rangnekar, member of the Central Committee of the CPI(M) and former MP, his sons Ajit and Abhay and their families.
The Polit Bureau of the CPI(M) pays homage to his memory. It conveys its heartfelt condolences to his wife, sons and family members.
Prakash Karat, general secretary of the CPI(M), sent the following condolence message to the secretary, Maharashtra state committee of the party, on February 8.
I WAS deeply grieved to hear the news of the passing away of Comrade P B Rangnekar. Comrade Rangnekar was one of the oldest leaders of the party. His entire life as a communist --- from being a student leader to a party organiser and editor --- was an exemplary revolutionary career. Comrade Rangnekar was a Marxist-Leninist to the core. His services to the party and the working class movement will always be cherished.
All of us who knew him will remember his affectionate behaviour and life of simplicity. Please convey my heartfelt condolences to Comrade Ahilya Rangnekar and all other family members.
Sitaram Yechury, Polit Bureau member of the CPI(M) and editor of People's Democracy, sent the following condolence message to the Maharashtra state committee of the party.
IT is with profound grief and anguish that I received the news of the death of Comrade P B Rangnekar.
I had the opportunity of working with him for nearly two decades. He was a living testimony to the fact that to be a good communist, one has to be a good human being.
During one of the most critical phases of the organised student movement, Comrade Rangnekar was the convener of the student committee of the Students Federation and steered the student movement through different stages and upheavals to contribute to the freedom struggle. He selflessly served the cause of the party with immense dedication for over seventy years.
Please convey my heartfelt condolences to Comrade Ahilya Rangnekar and his sons Ajit and Abhay. (INN)


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