text:
- Research
- Open Access
Identification of the ovine mannose receptor and its possible role in Visna/Maedi virus infection
- Helena Crespo†1,
- Ramsés Reina†1,
- Idoia Glaria1,
- Hugo Ramírez1, 4,
- Ximena de Andrés1,
- Paula Jáuregui1,
- Lluís Luján2,
- Luisa Martínez-Pomares3,
- Beatriz Amorena1 and
- Damián F de Andrés1Email author
© Crespo et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011
- Received: 25 November 2010
- Accepted: 27 January 2011
- Published: 7 February 2011
This study aims to characterize the mannose receptor (MR) gene in sheep and its role in ovine visna/maedi virus (VMV) infection. The deduced amino acid sequence of ovine MR was compatible with a transmembrane protein having a cysteine-rich ricin-type amino-terminal region, a fibronectin type II repeat, eight tandem C-type lectin carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRD), a transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic carboxy-terminal tail. The ovine and bovine MR sequences were closer to each other compared to human or swine MR. Concanavalin A (ConA) inhibited VMV productive infection, which was restored by mannan totally in ovine skin fibroblasts (OSF) and partially in blood monocyte-derived macrophages (BMDM), suggesting the involvement of mannosylated residues of the VMV ENV protein in the process. ConA impaired also syncytium formation in OSF transfected with an ENV-encoding pN3-plasmid. MR transcripts were found in two common SRLV targets, BMDM and synovial membrane (GSM) cells, but not in OSF. Viral infection of BMDM and especially GSM cells was inhibited by mannan, strongly suggesting that in these cells the MR is an important route of infection involving VMV Env mannosylated residues. Thus, at least three patterns of viral entry into SRLV-target cells can be proposed, involving mainly MR in GSM cells (target in SRLV-induced arthritis), MR in addition to an alternative route in BMDM (target in SRLV infections), and an alternative route excluding MR in OSF (target in cell culture). Different routes of SRLV infection may thus coexist related to the involvement of MR differential expression.
- Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell
- Feline Immunodeficiency Virus
- Mannose Receptor
- Proviral Load
- Equine Infectious Anaemia Virus
Visna/maedi virus (VMV) and caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) belong to the small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) group, within the non-oncogenic lentivirus genus of the Retroviridae family, which includes the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) and equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV). Lentiviruses have been classified attending to tropism into those that replicate in macrophages and CD4 T lymphocytes (HIV, FIV, BIV), leading to a decreased T cell number immunodeficiency syndrome, and those that replicate in macrophages but are unable to infect T lymphocytes (SRLV and EIAV). SRLVs infect sheep and goats, and cause, after a variable asymptomatic period, a slow progressive and invariably fatal disease affecting lungs, central nervous system, carpal joints, and/or mammary gland [1, 2].
Although different reports have described in vivo infection in cells from mammary epithelium, third eye lid, bone marrow, male reproductive tract, central nervous system and carpal joints, the main target cells for SRLVs in vivo appear to be the monocyte/macrophage lineage. In vitro, viral production has been achieved in a wide spectrum of cell types, synovial membrane and choroid plexus cells being the most commonly used [3, 4]. Virus entry has been also detected in cells of heterologous origin such as 293-T human cell line but not in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells even under co-culture conditions, likely due to the absence of a compatible receptor as proposed previously [5]. Like other enveloped viruses, SRLVs enter the host cell by interaction of its envelope (ENV) glycosylated protein (gp135) with cellular receptor(s), allowing the fusion of the virus with the target cell membrane [6]. Studies aimed to identify the SRLV cellular receptor have proposed different candidate molecules, including a 30 kDa membrane-associated proteoglycan substituted with a chondroitin sulphate glycosaminoglycan chain(s) [7]; MHC class II molecules, which incubated with VMV inhibit viral infection, even though infection is not inhibited by class II-specific antibodies [8]; CD4 and CXCR4 molecules, which have been proposed as optional auxiliary components of a VMV receptor (or receptor complex) that facilitate VMV-mediated membrane fusion events [9]; and a complex formed by three membrane proteins of 15, 30 and 50 kDa identified as a Visna binding protein [10]. Nevertheless, none of these molecules has been established as the main essential receptor, an issue which has stimulated research on alternative candidates.
HIV infection of CD4 T cells has been impaired by C-type lectins (such as Concanavalin A, ConA), whose binding to carbohydrate molecules prevents cell fusion and viral entry in culture due to the blockade of ENV [11]. Other lectins anchored to the cell membrane (C-type), such as the mannose receptor (MR) family [12], have an affinity for the glycosylated moieties present in the surface of many pathogens. The MR is present in cells such as monocyte/macrophages, endothelial cells, perivascular microglia, kidney mesangial cells [13, 14], tracheal smooth muscle cells [15], Langerhans cells [16] and retinal pigment epithelium [17].
As described in humans, mice, swine and cattle, [18–20], MR is a 180-kDa transmembrane protein with five regions: a cysteine rich ricin-type amino-terminal region, a fibronectin type II repeat, eight tandem C-type lectin carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRD), a transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic carboxy-terminal tail. The CRD domains, and more specifically CRD4 and CRD5 are essential to recognize mannose, fucose and N-acetyl glucosamine residues. MR recognizes the surface of pathogens and is involved in phagocytosis [14] and endocytosis, mediating antigen processing and presentation, cell migration, intracellular signalling, and pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production [21]. This receptor is able to bind bacteria, yeast, parasites, and viruses, and links innate to acquired immunity [22]. Blocking the macrophage MR with ligands such as mannan or D-mannose leads to a decreased HIV entry [23]. This study determines the role of mannose-specific lectins on VMV infection and syncytium formation and identifies the ovine MR and its role as an alternative SRLV receptor.
Materials and methods
Viruses and cells
Primary cultures of ovine skin fibroblasts (OSF), ovine choroid plexus (OCP) cells, goat synovial membrane (GSM) cells, and goat choroid plexus (GCP) cells, were obtained from SRLV-seronegative animals (tested by ELITEST, Hyphen Biomed; Neuville-Sur-Oise, France) and grown in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotics/antimycotics mix (Invitrogen, Barcelona, Spain). Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, known to be non-permissive to SRLV infection [5], were grown in F-Ham 12 medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (Invitrogen). CHO cells permanently transfected with murine MR (kindly provided by Dr Luisa Martinez-Pomares, University of Nottingham, UK) [24] were maintained in F-Ham 12 medium with geneticin (0.5 mg/mL) and also used in infection assays. Blood monocyte-derived macrophages (BMDM) from SRLV-free sheep were obtained by culturing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) for 9-days in RPMI 1640 containing GlutaMAX™ I and 25 mM HEPES (Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% foetal lamb serum (Invitrogen), 10 mM sodium pyruvate (Invitrogen), 1% non-essential amino acids (Sigma, Steinheim, Germany), 1% vitamins (Sigma), 50 μM 2-mercaptoetanol (Sigma), and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; kindly provided by Dr Gary Entrican, Moredun Institute, UK) at a concentration of 10 ng/mL.
The EV1 strain [25] was used for in vitro VMV infection assays of BMDM, OSF and GSM cells. Strains EV1, 496 [26] and the infectious clone Kv1772 [27] were used for in vitro infection of CHO and CHO-MR cells. All the infections were performed using 0.1 TCID50/cell.
Amplification, cloning and sequencing of the ovine mannose receptor
Oligonucleotide sequences used in the PCRs performed in this study and amplicon length.
Oligonucleotides 5'- 3'
Amplicon length
560 nt
1253 nt
1279 nt
1210 nt
408 nt
MR Fw
MR Rv
91 nt
β-actin (control)
Actin 663 Fw
Actin 769 Rv
106 nt
qPCR (p17 EV1)
71 nt
Inhibition of viral infection in ConA treated cultures
To evaluate the effects of ConA on viral infection and production, virus (strain EV1) was first preincubated for 60 min at 37°C either with ConA (50 μg/mL), ConA and mannan (1 mg/mL), mannan or medium alone before addition to the cell preparations. OSF and BMDM in DMEM supplemented with 2% FBS or macrophage medium, respectively, were incubated in duplicated 24-well microplates for 1 h with the treated or untreated virus inoculum. Wells were washed with PBS to remove residual inoculum and medium containing lectin (ConA) and/or inhibitor (mannose-rich mannan) was added to a final volume of 1 mL per well. Cells from one plate were collected 16 h post infection (pi) and DNA extracted in order to quantify proviral load. Supernatants from the second plate were collected at day 7 pi, when cytopathic effect (syncytia) was evident in untreated cell cultures (control). Experiments were done in triplicate and repeated three times.
Luciferase assay
A luciferase assay was performed to ensure that Concanavalin A did not affect viral basal transcription and, as a consequence, viral production. Briefly, 105 cells/well in 24-well microplates were transfected at a ratio of 1:8 (μg DNA: μL Lipofectamine) using the following plasmids: pGL4.10 [luc2] (Promega) as negative control; pGL4.13 [luc2/SV40] (Promega), which contains the SV40 promoter as positive control, and pGL4/U3-KV1772 containing the LTR U3 region. Cells were co-transfected with plasmid pRL-SV40 carrying the SV40 promoter and the Renilla reniformes luciferase gene as an endogenous control of transfection and after 4 h cells were treated with ConA, ConA and virus (EV1), or medium alone. Following 24 h, cells were lysed with Cell Culture Lysis Reagent 5 × (Promega) and luminescence measured using the Dual-Glo™ Luciferase Assay System (Promega). Luminescence units were normalized to the total protein present in each sample, which was quantified by the Bradford assay (BioRad, Madrid, Spain). Firefly luciferase activity was normalized to renilla luciferase activity. Results were expressed as luciferase units/ng of the total protein of each sample. Each experiment was done in triplicate and was repeated three times.
Inhibition of syncitium formation by Concanavalin A in env-transfected cultures
To test whether glycosylated ENV mediates cell fusion allowing syncytium formation in the absence of virus, ovine skin fibroblasts (OSF) were transfected with pN3-env plasmid (pN3 with VMV env gene encoding the precursor protein gp150 [30]), using Lipofectamine (Invitrogen) at a ratio of 1:6 (DNA: Lipofectamine 2 mg/mL) and following manufacturer's instructions. ENV-containing transformants were selected in the presence of geneticin (0.5 mg/mL of medium). Empty plasmid (pN3) was used as negative control. To determine the possible ConA-mediated inhibitory effect, ConA (50 μg/mL) was added 5, 24 and 48 h following transfection. Syncytium formation was evaluated by optical microscopy up to 72 h pi, after Giemsa staining. Experiments were repeated twice.
Blocking of MR by mannan
Different concentrations of mannan (4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 mg/mL) were administered to cultured OSF (negative control), GSM cells and blood monocyte-derived macrophages (BMDM, 105 cells/well in two 24-well microplates). Following incubation (30 min at 37°C), the virus (Ev1) was added (0.1 TCID50/cell) and cells were cultured for 16 h. After washing in PBS, one plate was used for DNA extraction and provirus quantification (q-PCR). For RT activity determinations, the second plate was further incubated until day 7, when syncytia appeared in untreated cells. These blocking experiments were repeated three times.
Real time PCRs
A real time PCR technique (q-PCR) was used to determine proviral DNA for quantifying viral entry-integration upon ConA and mannan treatments 16 h pi. Briefly, OSF, GSM cells and BMDM (105 cells/well) from the ConA and/or mannan experiments (see below) were washed and fresh medium was added. Cells were harvested and DNA extracted with Qiamp DNA Blood Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), according to the manufacturer's protocol. GAG (p17) segments were quantified by q-PCR as described previously [28] using ovine DNA from VMV infected cultures and oligonucleotides reported in Table 1. Results were expressed as provirus copy number/ng DNA. Tests were carried out in duplicate and repeated three times.
Expression of MR was quantified using β-actin as a housekeeping gene by substracting the corresponding ΔCt value from that obtained in MR using cDNA from BMDM, GSM, OSF, CHO or CHO-MR cultured cells. Specific primers for amplification of the ovine β-actin and the CDR4-CDR5 region of ovine MR are shown in Table 1.
Reverse Transcriptase (RT) activity assay
RT activity was measured in cell culture supernatants according to the manufacturer's instructions (HS-Lenti RT Activity kit, Cavidi, Uppsala, Sweden) as an indicator of productive infection. The signal intensity thus obtained was used to produce a standard curve in order to quantify the virus, using as reference standard serial dilutions of the same viral strain titrated by the classical Reed-Muench method [31]. Experiments were done in duplicate and repeated at least twice.
Western blot and ICC
OSF, CHO, CHO-MR and GSM cell lysates (40 μg) were used in Western blot. A rabbit anti-human MR polyclonal undiluted serum (cat. No. ab64693 Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and two mouse anti-human MR monoclonal antibody reagents (clones 8 and 15. Personal communication, Luisa Martinez-Pomares, University of Nottingham, UK) were used as primary antibodies at a dilution of 1/100. Anti-rabbit or anti-mouse (Thermo Scientific, Erembodegem, Belgium) peroxidase-labelled secondary antibodies were employed accordingly at a dilution of 1/2000. The reaction was developed using Supersignal West Pico Chemiluminiscent substrate (Thermo Scientific). The same cells were also used following standard ICC protocols. Briefly, cells were washed in PBS and fixed in methanol:acetone (1:1) for 5 min. In the case of BMDM, an additional peroxidase blocking step was carried out using 5% H2O2 in methanol for 5 min. Following washing, cells were blocked for 1 h using 2.5% casein and 5% lamb serum. Primary antibody was added undiluted (in the case of monoclonal antibodies) or diluted in PBS containing 1.25% casein. After washing, anti-rabbit or anti-mouse peroxidase-labelled secondary antibodies were added at a 1/2000 dilution. The reaction was developed with diaminobenzidine (DAB).
Statistical analysis
The normal distribution of the data was confirmed by Shapiro-Wilks and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. The absorbance values between different treatments were compared by Student's t-test for related samples. Data obtained from real time PCR were analysed by Wilcoxon non-parametric test for related samples.
GenBank accession number
The assembled complete ovine MR sequence was submitted to GenBank and given accession number HM099914.
Characterization of the ovine mannose receptor (MR) encoding sequence and comparison with other MRs
Similarity values (%) between ovine MR predicted amino-acid sequence with that from human, swine and bovine species.
Domain of ovine MR
Cystein rich domain
TM + cytoplasmic tail
Presence of ovine MR transcripts
Relative MR transcripts expression in different cell types.
Ct MR
Ct β-actin
100 × 2-ΔCt
± 0.08
± 1.72
± 0.06
± 0.04
± 0.13
± 1.71
± 0.02
± 0.64
Effect of the soluble lectin Concanavalin A on VMV infection and syncytium formation
Evaluation of syncytium formation by optical microscopy in pN3-Env and pN3 transfected OSF cells following Concanavalin A addition at different time points.
Syncytium formation evaluation
24 h
48 h
72 h
ConA addition time points (h)
pN3-ENV transfected OSF
pN3 transfected OSF
Mannan blocking of VMV infection
Under the hypothesis that GSM cells and BMDM (and not OSF) express MR on the cell membrane, we assessed the role of MR in VMV infection using GSM cells, BMDM, and OSF by a mannan-mediated blocking approach.
Results compatible with these observations were obtained when studying viral production (RT activity in culture supernatants) 7 days pi. About 4 and 2.5 fold reduction in RT activity was observed in GSM cells (P < 0.0001) and BMDM (P < 0.05), respectively (Figure 3B). The effect was dependent on mannan concentration, decreasing beyond 2 mg/mL. Finally, the addition of mannan to OSF cultures, even at high concentrations (1-4 mg/mL), did not alter the production of virus (P > 0.05), as these cells were lacking MR transcripts, which strongly suggests lack of MR protein.
Altogether, these results indicate that the ovine MR was expressed in at least two cell types (GSM cells and BMDM) susceptible to VMV infection, but not in OSF.
VMV infection via heterologous MR
The role of innate immunity is gaining interest in the field of lentiviral infections [33, 34]. An important component of innate immunity is the MR (CD206), a group VI C-type lectin, present at the cell surface and endosomes [14]. This study identifies the ovine MR genetic characteristics, the corresponding nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences and the putative protein structure, all of which were found very close to those found in other mammals [35, 36]. Expression of the ovine MR is being attempted at present through transfection of SRLV non-permissive cells.
In the host, differences in MR oligomerization [37], heterogeneity of MR N-glycosylation [38], as well as variation in individual genetic makeup [39] and health status [40] may account for differences in MR expression. Like in other species, the ovine MR expression differed among cell types, mRNA specific transcripts being present in macrophages (BMDM) and synovial membrane (GSM) cells, but not in skin fibroblasts (OSF). In SRLV pathogenesis, GSM cells are known to be infected in vivo [41] and if these cells do differentially express MR on the cell surface in vivo as they do in vitro, MR could represent an entry pathway of ENV-mannosylated viruses through carpal joint infection.
The polyclonal reagent available to detect MR protein expression was produced against a 57-amino acid peptide of the human MR, but the limited size of this peptide (about 3.9% of the whole MR protein) and sequence differences (12 mismatches) between this human MR peptide and the homologous peptide of ovine origin may have led to the evident lack of cross-reactivity of the polyclonal reagent with the ovine MR. In contrast, this polyclonal antibody reacted with mouse MR (with 16 mismatches in the peptide region compared to human MR). The kind and site of amino acid substitutions may account for the differences in cross-reactivity of the polyconal reagent to the ovine vs. the mice peptide.
Evidence of VMV infection in CHO cells transfected with MR (from species like mice) supports the hypothesis that MR expression is sufficient in vitro for VMV infection in particular cell types. In a previous work [5] CHO/mouse somatic cell hybrid lines became permissive to SRLV if they included mouse chromosome 2 or 4. The finding that mouse chromosome 2 contains the MR gene, originally named Mcr in that species [42], may explain this finding and suggests that the involvement of the membrane associated C-type lectin DC-SIGN (dendritic cell-specific ICAM-grabbing non-integrin) in this permissiveness (and not that of MR) could be excluded, since DC-SIGN is encoded by chromosome 8 (and not chromosomes 2 or 4). Similarly in our study, the involvement of DC-SIGN was unlikely, since dendritic cells were not used. However, redundant or alternative pathways of virus capture via lectins may coexist [43].
The observation that CHO cells become infected, upon transfection with MR from species not susceptible to VMV (mice), may indicate a non species-specific viral interaction with the MR. However, the CHO-MR cells infection by VMV was not productive, indicating that subsequently to viral integration, factors involved in viral production appear to differ when comparing CHO-MR with GSM cells (expressing MR), the latter being capable of productive infection.
There must be routes of virus entry into skin fibroblasts (OSF) other than mannose binding lectins, as in these cells blockade of infection by mannan did not take place but a productive VMV infection was observed. Accordingly, OSF appeared to bind, via a yet unidentified receptor different from MR, ENV viral protein glycosylated residues, taking into account the need of ENV glycosylated residues for cell fusion [38], and the observation that viral replication was strongly inhibited in these cells by ConA and restored upon addition of mannan (likely by mannan binding to ConA). This ConA-mediated inhibition of virus entry and syncytium formation is in agreement with results in human cells using different carbohydrate-binding agents and HIV-1 strains [44].
The macrophages (BMDM) used in this study represent another category of cells, which express MR transcripts but appear to produce at least two types of VMV receptors, MR and an additional unknown receptor. Mannan, when added to the virus preparation, abrogated ConA effects but only partially in these cells, according to RT activity and provirus quantification. Furthermore, when mannan was added to the cells, it inhibited infection (as it occurred in GSM cells), but only partially. MR has been proposed in different species as a main virus binding site in particular cells [45] (this might apply to GSM cells used in this study) and/or an auxiliary molecule in other cells (this would apply to BMDM employed in this work). In non-phagocytic cells, MR is not acting as a professional phagocytic receptor, since it does not lead to clearance of virus [46]. Accordingly, in our study the VMV entry into GSM cells via MR subsequently led to a productive infection. However in human cells such as macrophages, results on significance of MR-mediated HIV-1 endocytosis are inconclusive [45]. This may be due in part to the fact that lentiviruses such as HIV-1 bind cells at least via two independent pathways that may coexist in macrophages, the currently accepted infectious route by plasma membrane protein receptors and the route mediated by the endocytic MR, through which HIV-1 epitopes may be subjected to exogenous MHC class I presentation (cross-presentation) [23]. If this applies to the VMV model, the second route would not be present in skin fibroblasts (OSF), as they lacked MR transcripts and were not susceptible to mannan-mediated blocking, but would exist in GSM cells and BMDM.
However, caution should be taken when studying MR expression in BMDM, as it may vary along the individual's life, having implications in pathogenesis. Based on the macrophage phenotype classification in subclinical vs. clinical stages [38] and according to this and our previous studies [28], macrophages of SRLV asymptomatic sheep (such as the BMDM tested in this study) would exhibit increased B7 transcript production, whereas those of clinically affected sheep would be expected to have an increased MR expression and viral infection. The known downregulation of B7 molecule expression [28] and a Th2-biased antibody response to the viral infection [47] occurring in VMV clinical disease, including arthritis [26], would be compatible with an upregulation of MR expression in particular target organs such as carpal joints. Antibodies against MR are currently being developed for immunohistochemical studies at different stages of VMV infection.
Besides the cellular receptor, the genetic makeup of the virus may determine the virus-cell interactions, since the number and distribution of ENV amino acids susceptible to mannosylation, may affect viral entry through membrane lectins and consequently the viral production and appearance of disease. Further studies on ENV composition and viral entry are warranted.
In conclusion, we report in vitro studies demonstrating that concerning viral entry there are at least three main patterns in target cells capable of generating a productive infection: i) particular cell types such as synovial membrane (GSM) cells may use MR as a VMV main infection route; ii) other cells such as fibroblasts (OSF) use a route other than MR to bind the glycosylated ENV allowing the virus entry to the cell; and iii) there are cells like macrophages (BMDM), a classical SRLV target, that use MR and an additional receptor for VMV entry. The three cell types may be used as in vitro models to explore the mechanisms and relative relevance of the different entry routes in VMV infections and provide the basis for studies in vivo, on tropism, viral receptors and MR expression aimed to understand viral pathogenesis and host progression from asymptomatic to clinical stages.
This work was supported by project CICYT Nos. AGL2007-66874-C04-01/GAN and AGL2010-22341-C04-01. We acknowledge the Public University of Navarra and CSIC for fellowships and contract (HC and RR). We greatly acknowledge Dr Barbara Blacklaws for supplying the strain EV1 and Dr Gary Entrican for kindly providing the ovine GM-CSF reagent.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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Our vision goes beyond creating just games.
We will create a whole universe packed with engaging environments, great emotions, unique and memorable characters and unforgettable moments. A universe where every big and little thing has its very own purpose and is connected to the rest of our world. A universe just like reality filled with great stories and exciting adventures.
A universe bigger than we are.

subset: commoncrawl


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Bkav Games 02 and unforgettable moments
25th December 2011, more than 800 Bkav staffs participated in the official day of Bkav Games 02 at My Dinh National Stadium. Bkav Games 02, an extra-office activity for Bkavers, has 22 sports such as: athletes, football, tennis, golf mini, tug, darts, pushing, high jump, long jump, slow bicycle…with 70 events and more than 70 sets of medal.
To raise the spirit of solidarity, sports and cheer up the athletes, Bkav General Director Nguyen Tu Quang together with the athletes chanted the slogan "Bkav – Strength – Solidarity – Success".
Main stage of Bkav Games 02
Bkav General Director announcing the official opening of Bkav Games 02
Athletes trying their best in every sports
Bkav Games expresses the spirit of solidarity for a stronger Bkav


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LAS VEGAS — One year ago, the Vegas Golden Knights were in the midst of forming their first team. On Sunday, they were in the middle of the free-agent market as they look to fine-tune the roster for another run at the Stanley Cup Final.
The defending Western Conference champions signed veteran forward Paul Stastny to a reported three-year, $19.5 million contract, hours after losing David Perron.
Stastny totalled 53 points (16 goals, 37 assists) in 82 games last season, appearing in 63 games with the St. Louis Blues before being acquired by the Winnipeg Jets on Feb. 26. During the 2018 Stanley Cup playoffs, the 32-year-old Quebec City native recorded a career-high 15 points (six goals, nine assists) and helped Winnipeg reach the Western Conference Final before losing to Vegas in five games.
"Sometimes you gotta go with your gut feeling. Sometimes it's just one of those things that it's best fit hockey-wise, family-wise and everything in between," Stastny said during a conference call Sunday. "They always played such a high, kind of fast-paced game, aggressive, everyone involved, not just one line, all four lines involved."
During his 12-year NHL career, Stastny has 220 goals and 426 assists, with the 646 points ranking 33rd among active players.
The addition of Stastny figures to take some pressure off top-line scorers William Karlsson, a restricted free agent who is expected to ink a new deal with Vegas, Jonathan Marchessault and Reilly Smith.
"We have had our eye on him for quite a while, he's a really talented, skilled guy — he's a playmaker, and you always want playmakers," Golden Knights general manager George McPhee said. "We do like having centres, because you can move centres around the lineup, have centres on the wing. You can get wingers to play centre … but they're not very good."
The second-year team also locked up bruising forward Ryan Reaves, who was acquired in a trade with Pittsburgh in February and proved to be an asset during the playoffs, and came to terms with free-agent defenceman Nick Holden, who McPhee said will fit in nicely after the departure of free agent Luca Sbisa.
"It basically keeps the construction of our defence intact," McPhee said. "Luca has moved on, we thought (Holden) would fit really well in that spot. Everything stays the same on our defence. We have our shut down guys, we have our speed guys and we're deep."
Both Reaves and Holden's two-year contracts are reportedly worth a little more than $2 million per season.
McPhee said the team also has signed forwards Brandon Pirri, Daniel Carr, Alex Gallant and Curtis McKenzie, defenceman Jimmy Oligny and goaltenders Maxime Lagace and Zach Fucale.
Meanwhile, after turning in a career season with the Golden Knights, Perron agreed to a four-year, $16 million contract to return to the St. Louis Blues, while veteran forward James Neal, an unrestricted free agent, remained in limbo. Neal, who finished with 25 goals and 44 points in 71 games at the end of his six-year, $30 million deal, is 31 years old and is looking for a longer-term contract than the Golden Knights were reportedly willing to offer.
"We're still talking to people and we'll see how things develop," said McPhee, who added the team is still negotiating with the 31-year-old Neal. "We're trying to be a little more circumspect, and it looks like the league is trying to do that. That's why we went three years on Stastny, Reaves was two years. We're okay giving term to younger guys but older guys you gotta be careful."
More NHL hockey: https://apnews.com/tag/NHLhockey


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Dimitrios and Maria Hatgistavrou at the Hamptons Greek Festival. Photo by JohnWegorzewski
Heidi Wald and Donny Deutsch at the CMEE Under the Stars Gala. Photo by JohnWegorzewski
Artist Russell Young and Stephan Keszler as Elvis looks on at the Keszler Gallery.Photo by PatrickMcMullan.com
Brad Goldfarb with event co-chair Alfredo Paredes at the Hampton Tea Dance.
Debbie Vickus, Joana Royland, John Czygier, Julie Olieverio, and Rose Czygier atthe Reach for the Stars Gala. Photo by Clare E. Bendall
Gracean DeCrosta, Sarah Ehrlich, Jill Zarin, Amelia Doggwiler, and Sarah Herbert-Galloway at the cocktail party for Help for Orphans International. Photo by Rob Richwww.hamptonscene.com
Michael Lenihan and writer Tom Wolfe at the Parrish Midsummer Party. Photo byJohn Wegorzewski


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A pro-independence blog by James Kelly - voted one of Scotland's top 10 political websites.
Sunday, July 17, 2011
Tom Harris reveals that Oceania is at war with Eastasia, and has always been at war with Eastasia
"So why, after Labour's second defeat at Holyrood, are we being told that we must abandon our support for the devolution settlement?"
Translation : Why are we being told that we must start supporting devolution in a meaningful way for the first time since 1999?
"let's try to make devolution work."
Translation : Let's keep the devolved Scottish Parliament as weak as possible.
"The 1999 devolution settlement was not some kind of half-hearted compromise."
Translation : It was an imperfect compromise hungrily embraced by a country that had been totally starved of self-government for almost three centuries.
"On the contrary, the White Paper, "Scotland's Parliament", published by Scottish Secretary Donald Dewar weeks after he took office, impressed all sides of the debate."
Translation : It impressed some sides of the debate (roughly half).
"And yet, ever since the overwhelming "Yes" vote in the referendum, the SNP have done everything they can to belittle and undermine that devolution settlement."
Translation : After being an indispensable part of the campaign that won the overwhelming Yes vote, the SNP have built on that success by doing everything they can to strengthen the powers of the devolved Scottish Parliament.
"So, a question for the nationalists: what is it about Scotland that makes us so incapable of making devolution work?"
Translation : What is it about Scotland that makes us incapable of being ruled by others?
"What are the peculiar defects of Scottish political culture that make us incapable of taking full advantage of our devolved parliament?"
What peculiar defects of Scottish political culture make us unhappy about being ruled by others?
"Are we too small?"
Are we too small to be dependent on others?
"Too weak?"
Too weak to be dependent on others?
"Not confident enough?"
Not confident enough to be dependent on others?
"Too easily bullied?"
Too easily bullied to allow our natural resources to be exploited by others?
"Not capable of running our nation efficiently while taking a full part in the United Kingdom?"
Not capable of sitting back and allowing our nation to be run inefficiently by others?
6 comments:
Aye - we ken doublespeak.ReplyDelete
Tom Harris is the worst possible type of Quisling. A Tory in Labour clothes! What do ambitious right leaning politicians do in Scotland these days? Can't join the Tories, they are poison and that is a dead end. So join New Labour and get yourself a Glasgow seat, where the unthinking drones would, hitherto, elect a cabbage with a red rosette. Then you can safely be anti every possible socialist idea: anti-immigration, anti-electoral reform, pro-tax avoidance, sneering about welfare bums (i.e. constituents), shamelessly self-promoting, belittling of Holyrood and totally anti-Scottish and pro Westminster. Not bad for a would be journalist who reached the dizzy heights of the East Kilbride News and the Paisley Dailey Express before finding a quicker way to a better gravy train through the National Union of Journalists and the Labour Party. Add in a series of unfortunate events, like being sacked by Gordon Brown from the Department of Transport in 2008 for being a Blairite, giving up blogging to concentrate on getting into the Shadow Cabinet but backing the wrong Milliband brother and getting left out in the cold. Now back to blogging for a bit of publicity. No doubt he will be expecting "Labour Hame" to win loads of prizes in the usual beauty contests for blogs.ReplyDelete
About 2 blogs ago, long before anyone paid the slightest attention to what he wrote, Harris gave the game away when he said that he had absolutely no interest in Scotland's constitutional arrangements.ReplyDelete
Of course, that is still his true position, but he now recognises that he cannot ignore the situation as the removal of Scottish MPs from Westminster threatens him personally. In that attitude he personifies the true attitude of the treacherous "Scottish" Labour Party.
- AnonymousJuly 17, 2011 at 2:02 PM
I am particularly attracted to your interpretations of Labour Hame. (God, I hate to be patronised by this "hame" in a blog written more or less in standard English!)ReplyDelete
I don't read the original, but I get the just of the matter, interpreted for me, and with all the b******s filtered out.
The truth of the matter is that more or less every MSP wants more powers for the parliament. Having achieved a position of some influence in the affairs of the country, each MSP wants to be able to wield more power. It's a pride thing. For some, a pride in the country's ability to govern itself and a belief in that right; for others it's personal pride. Who wants to be a part of a toothless talking shop?
Harris's position is obvious. The more power devolved to Edinburgh, the less power retained in London (in the hands of Harris and his colleagues).
Already something of an irrelevance, a Scottish Labour MP during a period of Liberal/Tory English dominated government, Harris and his ilk see themselves becoming less and less relevant...and finally totally redundant.
I'd love to ask him all of these questions about independence.
What is it about Scotland that makes us incapable of being an independent oil-rich country? Are we too small, too stupid, too weak, too lacking in confidence...
What do you think Tommy?
"Can't join the Tories, they are poison and that is a dead end."ReplyDelete
Yes, I've always been slightly baffled as to why someone of his views joined Labour in the first place - that's probably the reason.
Ah, but the question is, was Harris Interpriting to the Ned's or for the Neds (ah-lah the Chewin The Fat sketch)?ReplyDelete


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Plastic Logic role in post-earthquake Japan
Flexible display technology from Plastic Logic in Cambridge UK is being used for large disaster-ready, low power signage in post-earthquake Japan.
A prototype is being shown at a major Japanese expo this week and is a result of an alliance between the Cambridge business and Tokyo-headquartered print heavyweight, TOPPAN Printing.
The companies are marketing the large-area, flexible EPD signage as "the world's first 42" prototype."
TOPPAN is one of the world's leading suppliers of printing technology while Plastic Logic is a trailblazer in flexible display technology. Their reflective digital signage module uses organic thin-film transistors.
The partners claim that the resolution is approximately six times higher than existing EPD signage, which makes it particularly suitable for applications with close viewing distances.
They will work on market opportunities for modular, large-area flexible EPD signage, offering a range of sizes going forward. , Jin Endo, for TOPPAN Printing, said: "With Plastic Logic we are opening new frontiers with regard to large-area flexible EPD. This new signage solution offers all the benefits of current EPD signage, including ultra-low power consumption, which is crucial for disaster-ready applications in the post-earthquake society of Japan, but with the additional advantage of a much higher resolution and a considerably lower module weight."
Plastic Logic's CEO, Indro Mukerjee believes there is more headroom in terms of technology development for next-gen products.
He said: "This 42" daylight-readable digital signage module is just one of the many exciting and varied applications of our plastic flexible displays, which not only enable particularly light and thin end applications, but also revolutionary form factors, such as wearable and mobile devices."


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As part of Colgate's ongoing sustainability efforts, our sustainability coordinator John Pumilio launched a new green campus initiative this fall. Both Hannah and I serve as admission office eco-reps to the Green Office Program. We work with representatives from other offices across campus as an advisory committee to promote sustainable behavior. We evaluate everything from energy use and recycling to purchasing and publications – all with the goal of creating a greener Colgate. Here is a picture from October's Green Office Program meeting. To learn more about Colgate's sustainability efforts click here: http://www.colgate.edu/green.
Inside the 'Gate
Green Colgate
By Katryna Swartwout Ryan on October 21, 2009
Leave a comment
Comments: Please make sure you keep your feedback thoughtful, on-topic and respectful. Offensive language, personal attacks, or irrelevant comments may be deleted. Responsibility for comments lies with each individual user, not with Colgate University. Comments will not appear immediately. We appreciate your patience.


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SALT LAKE CITY — President Thomas S. Monson was ordained an LDS apostle 54 years ago today, an anniversary that serves as a reminder of his place in church history.
Only four men have served longer as senior leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. All four also became prophet-presidents of the church, as President Monson, 90, did in February 2008.
President David O. McKay served for a total of more than 63 years in the Quorum of the Twelve and the First Presidency, President Heber J. Grant and President Joseph Fielding Smith for more than 62 years and President Wilford Woodruff for 59 years.
President Monson was 36 when he was ordained an apostle, making him the youngest to join the Quorum of the Twelve since 1910.
At the time of his ordination on Oct. 10, 1963, the faith had 12 temples and 2.1 million members.
Today, it has 157 operating temples and 15.9 million members.
All four men who have served longer than President Monson were ordained at even younger ages; President Grant was 25, Presidents McKay and Woodruff were 32, and President Smith was 33.
President Monson is the 17th LDS apostle to serve into his 90s. The 16th is President Russell M. Nelson, 93, who as the president of the Quorum of the Twelve is first in line to succeed President Monson. President Nelson was ordained an apostle in 1984.
President Monson joined the First Presidency in the following year, in November 1985.
Since then he personally has dedicated or re-dedicated 25 temples. In his nine years as church president, he has announced 44 new temples.
President Monson did not attend any of the six sessions of the faith's 187th Semiannual General Conference this fall due to limitations of advancing age. A church spokesman said in May that President Monson no longer regularly attends meetings at the church offices.


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Designs For Vision offers an extensive range of trial lenses and frames, including the original Oculus Universal trial frames.
Oculus 42500 – Universal Trial Frame.
Made from light-weight metal/plastic for 5 pairs of lenses with seperate right and left adjustment of PD (46 – 80mm). Height and inclination adjustable nose piece; side length and angle adjustment. For trial lenses with overall diamenet 38mm.


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• Millennials are set to inherit more than $30 trillion from their baby boomer parents.
• This wealth transfer is a huge opportunity for financial advisers, but they will face challenges.
• Young Americans turn to technology to manage their money, and tend not to trust advisers.
The hyperbolic stereotypes that surround millennials - that they are entitled, pampered, narcissistic and suspicious of anyone besides other millennials - fall apart once you listen to them and do your investment homework.
Then you realize that practically from day one of adulthood, a great many millennials have been shoved up against a financial wall.
Take soaring student loan debt. As of June, when the youngest millennials graduated college, it was $37,172. That's up more than 20 percent from 2012's $30,000, an astronomical figure in and of itself.
And here's the bottom-line impact: PwC's 2016 Employee Financial Wellness Survey found that 42 percent of millennial employees shoulder student loan debt, with 79 percent saying their loans have moderate or significant impact on meeting financial goals. Meanwhile, 63 percent of employees with student loans have saved less than $50,000 for retirement. That's a long, long way from the $2 million or so they'd need to retire comfortably in 2050.
You can only imagine what this means for millennials with part-time jobs, low-paying service jobs, or no jobs at all. And yet baby boomers - who some would label the original entitled, pampered, narcissistic generation - are growing old and getting ready to pass on considerable financial resources to their millennial progeny.
Make no mistake: This transfer of wealth will be unprecedented, unlike anything in the last century of American history.
"More than 75 million millennials born between 1981 and 1997 are ready to take over estimated $30 trillion in wealth from baby boomers," says Christopher Ma, director of the George Investments Institute at Stetson University in DeLand, Florida.
That's reinforced by AARP statistics, which show that people older than 50 hold 80 percent of America's household wealth.
Jeff Kelley, senior vice president of Westlake Ohio-based Equity Institutional, puts it like this: "So long Woodstock. Hello Lollapalooza."
Addressing this transfer of wealth means tremendous opportunities for financial advisers.
"Emphasizing how millennial investors don't have to go it alone," Kelley says, "can go a long way."
Yet other issues abound, particularly when it comes to mistrust of the advisery industry. Older millennials, after all, watched in disbelief as countless investors (including family members) were fleeced by the financial chicanery that spawned Great Recession. Many Americans who've since rebuilt their nest eggs may opt for blissful ignorance. They don't.
"The bottom line is that millennials do not trust conventional financial advisers," Ma says. "They were all raised in the tech age. They believe everything can be self-taught without human contact."
To be sure, millennials have fed an explosion in digital robo-advisery tools such as Betterment and Kapitall, a drag-and-drop investment site that resembles a video game interface. And the 2017 FIS Consumer Banking Pace Report found that over a typical 30-day period, 49 percent of millennials used a mobile device to pay a bill, while 46 percent transferred funds between bank accounts.
"Robos woke the industry up to the need of a full on embrace of technology," says Jack Sharry, executive vice president of strategic development at LifeYield, headquartered in Boston. "For millennials, an easy user experience is table stakes. … We are moving from adviser-led or technology-led to the access to advisers and easy-to-use technology."
Sharry has a point. Robo tools mark a quantum leap forward. But they don't offer human advice: a tough sell for those who'd rather text than talk, perhaps, but something millennials crave based on survey after survey.
"Technology may help control costs and achieve diversification, yet only human advisers can appropriately react to changing life circumstances," says Michaeline Gordon, a trust and estate planning attorney with Chicago-based law firm Ginsberg Jacobs. "A robo adviser isn't going to respond, for example, to job uncertainty or an illness in a family - or provide a sounding board and objective advice about major life events."
As for the boomers, quitting the day job may pale in comparison to the big job of getting their millennial children ready.
"Boomers can help prepare their inheritors by initiating the conversation early," says Chris Wong, CEO of LifeSite in Mountain View, California. "Families can start by taking stock of key information including wills, health insurance cards and policy numbers, in addition to financial investments and account information."
"For many retirement plan participants, the transfer from contribution to distribution will be the biggest liquidity event of their lives," says Rick Frisbie, CEO of RobustWealth, a digital wealth management platform in Lambertville, New Jersey. "It's often on the order of high six figures, even into seven figures, has tax consequences and needs to be used for future income and liability requirements."
To that end, Frisbie agrees that robo advisers work well in tandem with their human counterparts "by handling, in an automated fashion, the rebalancing requirements of the adviser's clients to make sure their accounts adhere to asset allocation and income-generating goals."
Yet in the end, "every family's situation is unique," says Jared Feldman, partner at accounting firm Anchin in New York City and co-practice leader of the firm's private client group. "Some families educate children early on to better inform and prepare them for the responsibilities of great wealth. Others feel that they must protect their young and don't disclose much information to their children."
"There is no single solution," Feldman says. "But preparedness is essential in case of any significant life-changing events."
And so, much will depend upon whether millennials and/or their parents are entitled, pampered and narcissistic - or transcend stereotypes as they gratefully live up to the worth of wealthy types.


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A t very ragic fire in a factory, on March 25. 1911
Company owners were charged with seven counts of manslaughter – but were found not guilty.
A turning point in labor laws – especially concerning health and safety – occurred as a result of this disaster. For the previous three days, the company, along with other warehouse owners, had grouped together to fight the Fire Commissioner's order that fire sprinklers be installed.


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Best And Most Used Product In My House
I use this remote to control the lights in our bedroom, so far I have used two out of three and both remotes works well. I also want to credit the manufacturer for including a battery in the remote controller and saying so in it's description of the product. I had a remote, different brand, the same packaging, three socket oulets and one remote. Two out of the three remote socket oulets failed in just over a year. So I am keeping my fingers crossed how long this brand would last.
I didn't have any issues with the battery compartment on the remote, as some of the other reviewers did, and I'm not trying to control anything through the wall so range hasn't been an issue. My biggest complaint is that the outlet boxes are obscenely large, and the plug is oriented such that if you're plugging this directly into a wall socket, it will block both outlets. Also note that they require 3-prong outlets, so if you're thinking about using a multitap extension cord, it will have to be 3-pronged as well. This may work best plugged into something like a PowerSquid.
The only draw back for this particular style is that the units are very large. They have been used daily for many months now and have worked beautifully. Some reviews mentioned the difficulty in putting in the batteries and I would have to agree.
The newer models allow you to program each socket to respond to any of the buttons on the two remotes provided. The instructions that came with the device are very poorly written. Poor English in some cases and incomplete instructions. There is no explanation of how to 'un-program' a button, and I was finding it impossible to get the two remotes to replicate one another. In some applications you want to program the remotes to control different devices, but in what I believe is the more common application you want the remotes to functional identically. If I program button number 1 on remote A, I want button number 1 on remote B to control the same socket. I would setup one remote, and then when I went to duplicate the process for the second remote some of the buttons stopped working on the first remote and vice-versa.
I reached out to customer support via email and got a quick response. The customer service rep (Tyler) was very helpful and informed me that each socket can only remember up to 3 buttons. So as soon as I tried programming a 4th button to a socket that had already been associated with 3 other buttons, it removed the association for one of the 3 previous buttons. Each button sends out a specific frequency. 5 different frequencies for buttons 1-5 on remote A, and another 5 frequencies for each of the buttons on remote B.
I explained that this is the setup I wanted, and that I wanted all buttons on both remotes A and B to behave identically. They are all hooked up to various lamps in my kids' bedroom.


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The Argentina striker is currently awaiting the completion of a protracted move to Manchester United after months of wrangling over his ownership and eligibility and after much criticism for their handling of the affair Scudamore said the Premier League had now moved to tighten things up, with changes expected to be ratified at a Premier League board meeting next week.
"Changes have to be made for the same reason the Stevens report (into alleged bungs) was necessary," he told The Times. "We cannot keep taking this blow to our reputation and the clubs recognise that. I think there is a feeling that we have to act differently to avoid this turmoil."
Copyright (c) PA Sport 2007, All Rights Reserved.


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I haven't played in several years. I wanna hit some of the local poker houses and want to practice handling chips and cards so I don't look like a dunce. I know how to play, just haven't handled cards and chips in a while.
I have a Dal Negro and Modiano decks that I love. Don't care much for the KEM. I have a sample of this bridge size card and I love the texture. I've spent hours searching for it but can't find it. If somebody recognizes this I would be very happy. I posted this in one other section; don't be mad. I can't find an appropriate category.


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Dewi Edwards
Funeral arrangements for our friend Dewi.
The funeral for Dewi Edwards will take place at 11.45am (Doors open 11.30) on November 17th at the Cheltenham College Chapel. Friends are asked to dress formally and if you have a tie that connects you to Dewi, please wear it. Family flowers only please.
There is no parking in the college grounds, so please allow plenty of time to arrive.
Afterwards we will continue to celebrate Dewi's life at Cheltenham Rugby Club, Newlands Park, Southanm lane.
We would be pleased for all that knew Dewi to attend both the service and the wake.
On behalf of the Edwards Family


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GPs are being paid £150 an hour for nine-hour shifts to plug holes at times when regular staff are not working.
The firm, Harmoni, is also offering bonuses to doctors for referring a friend in a desperate attempt to staff the service, reports suggest.
The new revelations follow claims that Harmoni is struggling to find doctors to run the service and has resorted to using senior nurses to provide cover. It is claimed that GPs are reluctant to work for the provider because of concerns over care standards.
Despite questions over out-of-hours care, Jeremy Hunt, the Health Secretary, said GPs should not necessarily be on call at evenings and weekends because they work hard and have lives of their own.
Under Labour's 2004 renegotiation of their contracts, GPs were allowed to hand responsibility for out-of-hours care to private firms such as Harmoni, which has contracts in London, the south east, the midlands and the west country.
As out of hours firms are paid by the NHS, the money being offered to doctors effectively is funded by taxpayers.
Campaigners last night condemned the arrangements as a waste of public funds which put patients at risk.
Matthew Sinclair, of the TaxPayers' Alliance, said: "Not only does this place a huge burden on the NHS and taxpayers, excessive pay could encourage staff to work though the night regardless of their circumstances."
In documents seen by the Daily Mail it is claimed GPs are being offered £150 for a nine hour shift and bonuses of £1,000 for referring a friend to work for Harmoni.
A memo sent last year by a senior manager working for Harmoni reportedly reads: "I would remind you that there remains a £1,000 bonus fee for staff who successfully introduce a colleague to the service."
Another email reportedly asked GPs to provide cover for shifts that started just two hours later.
Referring to doctors' hourly pay rates, a spokesman for Harmoni said: "We pay market rates which are appropriate for the day and time of shift being offered."
Mr Hunt, who is overseeing a review of how out-of-hours services can be improved, said it was a "historic mistake" to remove responsibility for the system from GPs.
He said: "Not because family doctors should necessarily go back to being on-call in evenings and weekends; they work hard, they have families and they need a life too.
"But when responsibility for those services moved outside the GP practice, the personal accountability for 24/7 access to general practice the personal accountability for 24/7 access to general practice was destroyed."
Reports yesterday suggested Harmoni was using just one advanced nurse practitioner to cover up to 250,000 patients overnight in one county.
A whistleblower claimed that locum doctors have been flown in on easy Jet flights from Europe, or have had to drive long distances to work back-to-back shifts for Harmoni.
It was also claimed terminally ill cancer patients had to wait eight hours for a doctor to visit them to give them pain relief.
The disclosures come amid concern that an extra four million patients are flooding A&E units each year due to insufficient out-of-hours services.


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We wrote this icebreaker boys v girls quiz for our youth group. For answers, ask a member of the opposite sex. Use of the internet is not allowed. Blue questions are for boys, pink-ish for girls.
1. If a girl asks 'does this make me look fat'?, and it does, what do you say?
2. What is this?
- 'A yellow car' is not the right answer
3. What is the difference between shampoo and conditioner?
4. Name five different dinosaurs.
5.How many calories in a Creme Egg?
6. What soccer team has Fly Emirates on its shirt? (Clue: It isn't Abu Dhabi United)
7. What is this?
- barbaric instrument of torture is only partly right
8.Arrange these curries in order of heat: korma, vindaloo, rogan josh, phaal, madras.
9.What is the difference between mascara and eye-liner?
10. How many cylinders does a normal family car have? What is a cylinder?
11.What colour was Kate Middleton's engagement dress?
12. Name the three (so far) Bourne movies.
13. (Tie-breaker) How many pairs of shoes does a person need?


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Our Partners
New Belgium Brewing Company
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Enjoy a variety of delicious beers from New Belgium including Citradelic Tangerine IPA, Fat Tire Ale, and the summer seasonal Heavy Melon Ale, a crisp blend of watermelon and lime. Also, while supplies last, the LIB Collaboration Beer, a mild sour beer dry-hopped with fresh mosaic hops, brewed especially for Do LaB. Pop to the nearby New Belgium tent to get immersed in beer conversation and take home beer merch. Plus, each day, we'll have fun D-I-Y- projects so you can make one of a kind goodies. Come have a cold beer with us in the shade!
GT's Kombucha
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After an amazing weekend that we will never forget at Lightning in a Bottle, GT's Kombucha is back with Kombucha on Tap at Woogie Weekend. Feel the flow as you cool off with a Synergy, beating the heat and your thirst. We will be offering Limited Edition GT's Kombucha Kanteens to take your kombucha back to dance or camp. When you're in need of a healthy dose of love, GT's will be there for you with a kombucha and a smile.
CLIF Bar
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Vegans and Vegetarians Rejoice! The Clif kitchen has brought together two great nutritious foods – a delicious, creamy nut butter tucked inside an organic energy bar – to keep you fueled up and dancing strong. When you want to cool off enjoy some refreshments with us at the CLIF Bar booth. While you're there be sure to try a FREE sample of our CLIF Nut Butter Filled Energy Bar!


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Robert A. Schaefer, Jr.
Born and raised in Culman, Alabama, Robert A. Schaefer, Jr., internationally renowned photographer, now resides in New York City. His work has been featured in more than 15 solo exhibitions and is a part of public collections in France, Germany, the Czech Republic, and the United States.
The following images of Robert's appeared in the fall 2001 inaugural issue of storySouth.
To learn more about the photography of Robert Schaefer, please go to:


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2015 – 2016 LHS Fishing Team
The Bass Bandits fishing team was started to encourage young anglers in our area to enjoy and learn about the sport of bass fishing. This program is modeled after the Student Angler Federation of The Bass Federation/High School Fishing. Tournament fishing is an exciting and fast growing activity in our area, and this program now gives our students the opportunity to compete with other students on surrounding lakes. This program will be available for 7th-12th grade students.


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Reviewed by Jaimie
Midnight Action is the fifth book in the Killer Instincts series by Elle Kennedy, and if you are a fan of this series – this story is the one we've been waiting for. Throughout the books leading up to this one we have seen the genuine hatred between Jim Morgan, the leader of a group of mercenaries who have been the focus of the previous books, and Noelle, aka the Queen of Assassins. But as we all know there is a fine line between hate and love and I couldn't wait to find out all about what had led them to this point.
Eighteen years ago, Jim was part of a black ops unit and was given a mission to track down and capture a traitor who was selling information to the enemy. In order to achieve his objective, Jim seduced the man's daughter Noelle but what started as just another job quickly turned in to genuine love. Unfortunately that love cannot stand in the way of completing his mission, and he has no choice but to betray her. Noelle has never recovered from the devastation of finding out the man she loved had been using her to go after her beloved father. Flash forward to present day and Noelle has been offered five million dollars to kill the man she had once sworn to kill for free. Instead of taking care of the job and pocketing the cash, she finds herself at his compound in Costa Rica warning him. In order to find out who has taken out the hit, Jim and Noelle must work together and find a way to trust each other just a little.
Where to start. I had crazy high expectations for this book to the point I was worried I would be disappointed. I shouldn't have worried, Ms. Kennedy delivered and these two are by far my favorite couple of the series to date. While I couldn't wait for Jim and Noelle to have their HEA, I didn't want Noelle to suddenly turn in to a mushy, love sick woman because that just would not have jived with everything we had read up to that point. Thankfully she maintained her bad ass persona right to the end, with the odd emotional moment mixed in. Noelle had a difficult life before meeting Jim at the age of 17. Although her mother and step-father were very wealthy, and materially she had everything she could have wanted, she had been suffering abuse at the hands of her step-father for years. After Rene's abuse, Jim's betrayal, and finding out her dad wasn't who she thought he was, it is really no wonder Noelle distrusts men and keeps her stone cold bitch persona up even around her own team.
We knew at least some of the reason Noelle hated Jim from the blurb that had been released, but we haven't had any clues as to why he felt the same way. I don't want to give too much away because the reasoning is a pretty big twist, but I LOVED this new turn in the story. We really got to see a side of Jim and even Noelle, that had not been exhibited in previous books, and it made for a great story. Given that they both had very real reasons to feel the way they did about each other, it took careful story telling to get them to the point where they could believably get to the start of their HEA. There is one scene in particular where Noelle beats the shit out of Jim and unleashes all of her heartache and anger, and it was very emotional to read. In the end the way he finally manages to get her to admit her feelings, although strange to many people, was actually very touching and it showed that Jim really knew Noelle in a way that no one else does.
There were so many things I loved about this book it is impossible to list them all without giving it away. Noelle obviously has some issues given that she seems to genuinely enjoy killing people, but she is also fiercely loyal to those she cares about (even if she won't admit she cares), she holds her own in any fight physically and mentally, and she is a self made woman. The twist I talked about above was awesome and I really liked how it all played out. We get to meet Bailey and there is an interesting story to be told with her and her HEA. But the thing I probably loved the most was the set up for Liam's story. We get a peek at who that may be with and I have many theories as to how that's going to work but I can't wait to get my hands on it!
Overall, this was another fantastic addition to the Killer Instincts series and Jim and Noelle have chemistry that jumps off the page. The sex between them is smoking hot and I really hope we get to see their story develop further – perhaps with Noelle having a baby. Bring on Bailey and Sean!
Rating: A-
Click to purchase: Amazon
Midnight Action
by Elle Kennedy
Release Date: November 4, 2014
Publisher: Signet


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100 Institute RoadWorcester, MA 01609-2280www.wpi.edu One of the U.S.'s first engineering and technology universities, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (known as WPI) has worked hard to maintain its status among engineering school elites. Founded in 1865 on a campus 44 miles west of Boston, WPI has been ranked the 15th best "return on investment" among American universities by Businessweek.
WPI has also drawn raves for its Global Perspective Program, which oversees 25 project centers throughout North and Central America, Africa, Australia, Asia, and Europe. The school is also notable for its 7-week terms, which often allow undergrads an extra year of free study as they complete their basic degree requirements more quickly.
If you are moving to Worcester, you are going to need a WPI moving company that is very familiar with the Boston area. As your Web search for WPI movers and WPI moving companies goes along, be sure to look for a mover that has earned glowing customer reviews and top professional ratings.
You will soon discover that the #1 local WPI moving company is DN Van Lines. DN Van Lines has moved people into and out of the Boston area for more than a decade, and it has earned an A+ rating from the Better Business Bureau along the way, best among WPI moving companies.
If you find that you have a need for WPI storage or WPI summer storage, DN Van Lines can take care of that, too, through its large and secure facility near Boston. Many WPI student storage issues have been resolved by DN Van Lines.
That means that there is no need for an additional "storage WPI" Web search or "student storage WPI" Googling. One call can truly do it all. Dial 1-800-51-MOVER or log on to www.dnvanlines.com to find out about school-year or summer storage WPI or to begin your move to Worcester. On the website, you will find loads of positive customer testimonies about DN Van Lines' service, professionalism and price.
WPI has a truly unique program of study; DN Van Lines has a truly unique level of customer service and excellence.


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The American publication's Suzy Menkes succinctly describes the looks featured in the T Magazine December 2013 editorial as "strange, beautiful, singular and, for most of us, unwearable." The sculptural and gothic designs are the latest creations by Rei Kawakubo, the mastermind behind Comme des Garçons. From a shapeless white dress that rivals the designs of Viktor & Rolf to sheer romantic gowns worthy of a wealthy Victorian widow, the looks are worthy of the accompanying articles title, "Fashion's Purest Visionary."
The looks that make up the T Magazine December 2013 editorial are modelled on Maja Salamon, Elodia Prieto and Ine Neefs. They were shot by photographer Paolo Roversi and had their hair experimentally styled by a visionary in his own right, Julien d'Ys.
Sculptural Gothic Fashion
More Stats +/-
Sculpturally Voluminous Hairstyles
Upside Down Editorials
Seductively Undone Celeb Editorials
Cinematic Helmeted Celeb Editorials
Darkly Feline Editorials
The T Magazine December 2013 Editorial Showcases Rei Kawakubo's Designs
- By: Meghan YoungDec 11, 2013
References: tmagazine.blogs.nytimes & models
References: tmagazine.blogs.nytimes & models


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Okoboji Skin Care
Place Category: Other Area Businesses, Beauty Salons, Fitness, Massage & Tattoo, Shopping, Other, Weddings, Meetings & Conventions, and Styling - hair, nails, make-up
Experience professional skincare services in the hands of skin Therapists at Okoboji Skin Care. Okoboji Skin Care is a medical skincare clinic that offers professional facial treatments using Dermalogica Skin Care formulated by the International Dermal Institute. Enjoy other professional services like face and body waxing, facial treatments, full body laser hair removal, medical grade chemical peels, and one-on-one makeup application and techniques with our makeup artists. Be surrounded by innovative professional skin care lines and world-renowned makeup lines such as Jane Iredale Minerals. Visit Okoboji's premiere skincare clinic and ask about Classified Cosmetics airbrush foundations for all your bridal and special event needs. Okoboji Skin Care is an exclusive provider of bridal and makeup services in Northwest Iowa. Be sure to book your wedding party and reserve a makeup artist for on-site makeup on your special day, or stop in and shop our skincare floor and meet our amazing staff. Okoboji Skin Care, where every face is a different canvas of beautiful!


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Thalgo Blue / Grey
- Nappa leather & patent leather
- Wax laces for luxurious look and feel
- Waterproof Bootie System with breathable membrane
- Comfortable and breathable Arneflex® insole, memory foam covered with cow leather
- Airplay III outsole
- FIT: Regular/Narrow
Auf Lager
Nur 229,00 €
The Thalgo is everything you'd expect from Duca. With its Italian styling and unique covered lace design, you'll be sure to stand out from the crowd on the course with these. Made from luxurious Nappa and patent leather, you can style them up with a change of laces included in the box. They are both waterproof and comfortable and feature the Arneflex® insole, which is breathable and anti-bacterial, and also has the classic Airplay III outsole, so your feet will always be in the best driving positon.
|outsole description
|The Airplay III sole has almost become a classic. This lightweight TPU function sole has been designed together with a comfortable last to guarantee flexibility and a comfortable fit. Lateral stabilizers and 5mm cone-shaped nubs provide traction and stability, a heightened heel guarantees an optimal stance. With Airplay III we have developed a shoe for a new, more fashion oriented and daring generation of golfers. A big success right from the start. The perfect fashionable sneaker.
#ducadelcosma: STAY INSPIRED EVERYDAY WITH USHashtag us for a chance to be featured on our Instagram
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Bladder infections: am i being punished?
It's been two and a half years since I had once last—but sure enough the day I start writing about my desire to orgasm I get a bladder infection.
There are two parts of getting a bladder infection that I hate. The first is the pain—a dull burning that that makes me feel like I have a bloated pig corpse in the cavity where my bladder once was. Even though the pig is dead, it still gets pissed when I need to pee.
The second part about bladder infections that make me uncomfortable is having to utter the words 'intercourse' to health care professionals.
In fact, ever since I first lost my virginity in my early twenties (yes, I waited longer than most) I've disliked having to reveal any part of my sex life to adult strangers. Or, even worse, adult non-strangers—as happened following one of my first times having sex and the unfortunate incident of a condom breakage.
After the initial panic passed, I managed to haul my ass into a clinic to get a prescription for the morning-after-pill. I could have, of course, gone to see my family doctor, but specifically avoided his office. He was a nice guy, but he happened to have delivered my sister when she was born and went on regular hiking trips with my parents. The last thing that I, who would have gladly bought the little white pills out of a vending machine and thus avoided any human interaction at all, wanted to do was admit that I was having sex to someone who was virtually my uncle.
I was sitting on the white-paper sheet of the clinic daybed, when who arrived to see me but, of course, Dr. Uncle!
I was mortified.
Somehow I got through the visit without passing out from embarrassment, got my little pills, got sick from their effects on my body (I swear those things are made out of Drain-o) and am still happily childless to this day. However, even fifteen years later I feel the same stomach tightening nervousness I did back then when I have to sit down on those white-paper sheets and tell someone about my sex-related health issues (I still keep my eyes out for prescription vending machines but have yet to see one).
Why is that?
In Promiscuities, author Naomi Wolf describes how women's sexual activity has been forbidden in western societies for centuries, citing such horrific forms of social pressure as those imposed by the Burgundians, where any female sexual activity outside of marriage was considered 'adulterous'—even for single girls and widows—and thus marked the 'perpetrators' as untouchable for the rest of her life.
Though on the surface our society supposedly encourages sexual exploration and freedom amongst its female populace, the same sense of moral condemnation still persists below the surface—labeling girls and women sluts for expressions of sexuality which might be easily overlooked were they men.
My bladder infection is pretty much cleared after three-days of antibiotics, however my discomfort at having to admit to the male doctor at the walk-in-clinic that yes, I am still an unmarried women having sex, makes me realize that I'm still holding on to some of that Burgundian-style shame.
And to get rid of that, I'll need a lot more than a few white pills.
2 Responses
"Sexism, not sex degrades women." – Naomi Wolfe (Or something like that)
To say a man can lay with women and not be a slut but say that a woman that lays with men is a slut is "sexist."
Thanks… you just helped me think of an article for tomorrow 🙂
Ohh, my comment was totally off-topic. You're quote sparked a light-bulb in my brain. Not sure why I said anything at all hehe.


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Thursday Nov 20, 2003
The Magnificent Truth
Enlightenment is about the quality of life in this world, not the next.
Is there one ultimate truth for everything? Einstein thought it's possible and spent his post-relativity years trying to develop a formula that explained it all. When quantum mechanics entered the world of theoretical physics, the prize was up for grabs to find the holy grail that would explain the supreme mystery of the universe, or universes. Although I won't get into String Theory here, in reality every thing exists only in contrast.
Meanwhile, truths build upon truths as the mortar of one's character and quality of life. It is smart to discover probable universal truths and then put them to the test in your life. Firsthand knowledge is power. In this fashion, you will know what is so instead of having to believe. Each true artist confronts tests that challenge the truth of his art every day.


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Templates set the design and format
A template sets the design and format of a document. The template contains the most important elements that repeat in all documents of these types. The document can be a text file, brochure or website, but it can also be a greeting card, invoice or more. The template lays out the basic framework which then needs to be filled with content.
Templates are used in different contexts
A template has many advantages: by using templates, it is enough to just format the document once. Whenever a new invoice then needs to be created, the already made template can be filled with the new data and does not need to be formatted again. This not only saves time, but will ensure a consistent design in all documents of the same type. Templates are very popular in web design and web development, especially in shop or content management systems. Templates set the design for the complete website. They are often offered for free as downloadable open source templates, and they can be used for your own website. There are numerous template vendors for all popular content management systems like Joomla or Typo3.
The term template can also be found in programming. It refers to a program code that can be used again and again.
You can find more information on templates on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template (word_processing)


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Sideburn 7
100 full colour pages printed in England on top quality silk paper, perfect bound, laminated and topped with a spot-varnished cover. Posted first class in a bubble envelope to ensure its crispy freshness.
Contents include: The Krook Street Husqvarna street tracker; Eddie Lawson; never seen before shots from the 1980s of Honda's NS750, Gary Scott, Scott Parker, Mike Scott, Bill Werner; Ze Last Chance Garage's XS650 mash-up; Wrench Monkees big-bore Z970; Metro Racing's Don Castro Fibreglas Works outlawed Triumph; Homer Knapp and his Catalina GP Harley JD; Alex Jorgenson interview; Animal Boat profile; Car v Bike on an Italian horse track; Exclusive photos of Bryan Smith's Kawasaki Mile winner; Julie Wood cartoon (in Dutch); The Art of Carby Tuckwell; Roland Sands races a Harley XR1200 at Brands Hatch; Eddie Mulder and the girl from Outer Space…


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It's our first Link Dump of the summer!
And the cats can't wait to get to the seaside.
Behold our latest crop of links:
What the hell happened to this Persian army in 524 B.C.? Now we know!
What the hell happened to the Pope's Stone? Well, we sort of know...maybe.
What the hell was this Barbary ape doing in Iron Age Ireland?
What the hell is in this Romanian wall painting?
Watch out for those crinolines!
Watch out for those rock-dwelling elves!
Watch out for the lightning bolts!
Plymouth is really humming!
The night sky as you've never seen it before.
Pirates: Underrated scientists?
A curious mystery involving an alleged shipwreck and a Welsh bone-setter.
An 1809 breakfast, brought to you from the same people who gave the world Necropants.
You know, considering what the average specimen of humanity is like, I've often thought a lot of people were better off not "finding themselves."
We need a Fortean Perry Mason to solve The Case of the Combustible Countess.
Cheltenham makes hay while the sun shines.
Forging Galileo.
A premature burial that acted as a matchmaker.
It's kinda sad when you become President of the United States (not to mention Chief Justice of the Supreme Court) and what you're mainly remembered for is your bathtubs.
Exploring the weird, wonderful world of archaeoacoustics.
The 19th century, in living color.
Ann Debar, one of the great Victorian charlatans.
An ancient Welsh kingdom reemerges from the sea.
Miles Pierce, a leading candidate for the world's worst selfie.
The "Syrian Pompeii."
A fond look back at the Fejee Mermaid, once the pride of New York.
John Murray Spear and his mechanical Messiah.
Madame Bob: Lion tamer, race car driver, arranger of elopements. I would have loved to have seen her business card.
Edward Warren: the first American to successfully take a balloon trip.
We're all Sherlock Holmes now: how armchair detectives are using the internet to solve cold cases.
I'll say this for the Regency era: when they wanted to shock their guests, they didn't mess around.
Midsummer Eve and the Black Death.
Pirate Cats and Polio.
A shotgun wedding with a twist, 1906.
It's a dog's life. Luckily for us humans.
The Ratcliffe Highway Murders: over 200 years later, still one of England's most notorious crimes.
A duel to the death. By starvation.
Fanny Murray, 18th century Queen of the Courtesans.
Grace O'Malley, 16th century Irish pirate queen.
Forbes Winslow, offbeat alienist.
Our image of the week:
Believed to be the Earliest Photograph Taken of New York City - Broadway, May 1850 | #NYhistory #photography pic.twitter.com/yA8J8nuOoj
— NewYorkologist.org (@NewYorkologist) December 19, 2013
And, finally, a favorite tune of mine from the Scottish Fiddle Orchestra, "The Old Man of Hoy." Just because.
See you all on Monday, when I will be reviving the tale of my favorite forger.


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via here
Six of these bad boys, combined with a rustic farmhouse table, and I think I have died and gone to domestic bliss heaven!
via Thirteen & South
I've blogged about this combination before and I am sure I will bring it up again. And again. And again. :)


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Product 5/102
This beautiful Celtic ring is made from solid 10ct Yellow Gold with a polished finish. The ring measures 3.4mm wide and has a classic Celtic eternal knot design.Made and Hallmarked in Dublin, Ireland, the ring is available in UK whole size J - S.
This ring is hand crafted to order in Dublin, Ireland and delivery usually takes around 15-20 working days.
From the our Celtic Collection the ring comes in a luxury gift presentation box with care guide.
Click Image to enlarge
Details of Our Delivery Charges Can be found here


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Monday, 28 January 2013
When I wrote the other day how this winter has seen my do-anything-at-all-capacity shrinking to the size of a scrawny mouse turd, I left out some parts. Namely, how (besides the task to keep some basic mundane routines going) I was also able to maintain the desire to play and see my cognitive abilities gradually recover in the process. I might take the time to write about the games involved in that process as well, but there's something even more exciting going on.
For nearly a month now, I have had the joy and privilege to contribute to the Stalker: The Lost Alpha project as a tester. In the eyes of the world this may not seem as much, but for me personally, it is an immensely valuable step in the path of my long-term objective/ dream of creating games. While unleashing my wilde learning-by-doing urge and trying to hunt down the most exotic and elusive errors, I have also had the chance to harness my instructional and/ or copywriting expertise to bug others with unsolicited advice.
2 comments:
- Anonymous1 February 2013 at 23:01
Ahhhhh That's why you haven't put up any new vids on YT. :)ReplyDelete
Locality from YT
Indeed :)ReplyDelete
I have a few things on hold/ hatching in the backburner that I intend to record, though.
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


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My name is Caroline Tremain. I graduated Mayo High School in Rochester, MN and anxiously await the start of my college studies at the University of Minnesota in the Twin Cities where I will pursue an area of business at the Carlson School of Management.
As I was going through high school I had different aspirations for my future. I first thought I wanted to become a lawyer. I was an active member on the debate team and believed that it would be an interesting career that I would be good at. In my senior year I did a mentorship with a local judge. I sat in his courtroom every Tuesday morning for three hours. After listening to many cases and watching the same people appear again and again for committing the same crime, I decided I did not want to be a lawyer, at least not a public defender. I like a sense of completion with my work and to me it seemed like lawyers never really complete their jobs, unless the case ends. They only chip away at parts of a case for months or even years. That would drive me crazy.
I once thought that I wanted to be an obstetrician. A close family friend of mine is an obstetrician and always talks about the beautiful baby girls and boys that she helps bring into the world everyday. However after I saw the birthing video in my sophomore year health class I quickly decided that I needed to find another profession. The health industry as a doctor or nurse was not for me. Blood and fluids need to remain inside the body for my job.
In addition to my mentorship senior year I was also the student director for the school musical. That fall we put on the show Annie. I realized that I have natural leadership skills and I can work proficiently at getting major tasks done with a group of people. I really enjoyed this because it kept me involved and in control of most of the aspects of the play. I am not sure what job I will end up doing but I concluded that a business degree could get me a job that I would enjoy and thrive at.
I started looking at schools that had good business programs that were close to home. I wanted to get out of Rochester but I didn't want to go to far away. I found the University of Minnesota and St. Thomas University. After being accepted into both schools I had to make the decision between a small or a large school. I visited both and felt more comfortable at the University of Minnesota.
I am currently undecided on my major but I think it might lean towards marketing. My dad was a marketing manager for twenty-seven years and I think some of his job skills rubbed off on me a little. I understand it pretty well, but I know that there is still so much more to learn. I am very excited to start this fall and begin my future.