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Switch out your pizza from Italian to Mexican with this South of the Border recipe. Use traditional pizza crust – just add beans, corn, peppers, taco seasoning, salsa and cheese. Is it Taco Tuesday or Pizza Friday? You decide.
Serves 10
For the pizza crust*:
- 2 ½ cups whole wheat/enriched flour blend
- ¼ teaspoon salt
- 2 teaspoons sugar
- 1 1/2 teaspoons active dry yeast
- ¾ cup + 1/8 cup water (warmed to 130° F)
- 1 tablespoon vegetable oil
- 2 tablespoons cornmeal
For the toppings:
- 1 ¼ cups tomato sauce
- 2 1/2 cups refried beans
- 2 tablespoons + 2 teaspoons taco seasoning, divided
- 1 cup canned corn, drained and rinsed (preferably low-sodium)
- 1 cup diced green bell peppers
- 2 ½ cups diced canned tomatoes, drained
- 2 ½ cups shredded cheddar cheese
- 1 cup shredded lettuce
- 1 ¼ cups prepared salsa (preferably low-sodium)
- Prepare the pizza crust. Place flour, salt, sugar, and dry yeast in large mixer bowl.
- Mix with a dough hook for 30 seconds on low speed.
- Whisk together the warm water and oil. Add liquids to the flour mixture and mix on low speed for 5 minutes.
- Remove the dough from the mixer and gently shape into a large ball. Let sit at room temperature for at least 20 minutes before stretching.
- Lightly coat a large sheet pan (13"x18"x1") with cooking spray. Sprinkle pan with cornmeal and set aside. Place dough ball in center of pan and flatten dough by rolling or spreading with fingers to the rim of pans. Keep edges thicker than center to create a crust when baked.
- Prepare the pizza toppings. Heat tomato puree and refried beans in saucepan over medium heat. Mix well to combine and season with 2 tablespoons taco seasoning.
- In a separate pan, place the corn, green peppers, diced tomatoes and remaining 2 teaspoons taco seasoning in a large skillet.
- Cook for 10 minutes, stirring occasionally. Drain off any excess liquid.
- Assemble the pizza. Spread tomato/bean mixture onto pizza crust followed by tomatocorn-pepper mixture. Sprinkle on cheddar cheese and bake until crust is lightly browned: Conventional oven: 475°F for 15-18 minutes. Convection oven: 450°F for 15 minutes.
- Remove and let sit for at least 5 minutes before slicing. Cut into 10 squares and top with shredded lettuce and salsa. Serve immediately.
*May use prepared pizza crust
NUTRITION INFORMATION PER SERVING: 313 calories, 12.8g fat, 6.3g saturated fat, 0.0g trans fat, 30mg cholesterol, 580mg sodium, 467mg potassium, 44.3g carbohydrates, 7.4 fiber, 6.0g sugars, 17.3g protein (USDA)
Recipe created by Tomato Products Wellness Council


text:
The Aleppo Codex
3.1 The Extant Parts of the Aleppo CodexIn the light of evidence about the Aleppo Codex (mainly Cassuto's description), we can reproduce its structure and state how many pages have been lost. According to this evidence, it seems that the Aleppo Codex originally contained 491 pages: 295 have survived, and 196 have been lost. These are the missing parts of the Aleppo Codex:
- The first seven pages, which included the chapters of diqduq haMasora, the Masoretic grammatical commentary.
- One hundred and eighteen pages, containing the Pentateuch up to Deut. 28:17.
- Three pages from Kings (2 Kings 14:21-18:13).
- Three pages from Jeremiah (29:9-31:34) – and the page preceding these is partially torn.
- Three pages from the twelve prophets – Amos 8:13 to Micah 5:1 (including the books of Obadiah and Jonah).
- Four pages from the end of the twelve prophets – the end of Zephaniah to Zechariah 9:17 (including Haggai).
- Two pages from Psalms (15:1-25:1).
- Thirty-six pages from the Writings – from Song of Songs 3:11 until the end of the Writings (including Ecclesiastes, Lamentations, Esther, Daniel, Ezra and Nehemiah.
- One page containing the dedication of the Aleppo Codex.
- Twenty pages at the end of the Aleppo Codex, with the Masoretic annotations.
3.2 The Parts that were Lost and DiscoveredThe Aleppo Codex reached Israel nearly fifty years ago (in 1958). Over the years, many efforts have been made to locate the missing parts of the codex. From time to time rumors circulate about the discovery of parts of the manuscript or about their location. However, these rumors have proven false. Nevertheless, two parts of the Aleppo Codex have been discovered over the years: a whole page and a fragment of a page. go up
3.2.1 The Whole Page from ChroniclesIn 1982 the director of the manuscript department of the National Library, Dr. Mordecai Nadav, received a single parchment leaf from Mrs. Shulamit Romanov of Jerusalem. The page had been given to Mrs. Romanov by her aunt, Mrs. Mary Hadaya of Brooklyn, New York, who had received it from her sister, who was from Aleppo, thirty years earlier. Nadav immediately noticed that the page was identical in handwriting and dimensions to the Aleppo Codex. Indeed, that single page from the Book of Chronicles did belong to the Aleppo Codex. The pages before and after it are extant with a single page missing from amongst them, the one that was found (containing 2 Chronicles 35:7-36:19). Malakhi Beit Arieh and Israel Yevin made a paleographical description of the page, with respect to the text and the Masora on it. In 1988, the author Amnon Shamosh traveled all over the world in search of the Aleppo Codex and in New York he met Mary Hadaya, who was then an old woman. According to her, her nephew picked the page up from the floor of the old synagogue, from among many scraps of Torah Scrolls and holy books. Malakhi Beit-Arieh, "Another Page from the Aleppo Codex," Tarbiz 51 (1982), pp. 171-174 (Hebrew). Yisrael Yevin, ""Another Page from the Aleppo Codex," Tarbiz 51 (1982), pp. 174-176 (Hebrew). Amnon Shamosh, "Forty Years and Forty Days in the Footsteps of the Aleppo Codex," From the Spring: Conversations and Articles, Jerusalem, 1988, p. 110 (Hebrew). Photographs: The folio from Chronicles – both sides of the page (2 Chron. 35:7-36:19). I suggest presenting this page from its place in the photograph of the Aleppo Codex, and here there will be a reference. Similarly, regarding the fragment from Exodus, and the two photographs. go up
3.2.2. The Fragment from ExodusThe fragment of the page containing seven or eight lines was discovered in Brooklyn, New York in 1988 by Mr. Shmuel Sabah, originally from Aleppo. He claims to have been the first one to enter the synagogue of Aleppo after the riots, and he took the torn piece of parchment and kept it in his wallet from then on. The few words that have remained on the fragment belong to the account of the plague of frogs and the plague of locusts in Exodus, Chapter 8. The photograph of the fragment and its description were published by Yosef 'Ofer. Photograph: Link to the fragment of the Book of Exodus – both sides of the fragment – from Pe'amim 41, pp. 43-44. Bibliography: Yosef 'Ofer, "A Fragment of the Book of Exodus – from the Missing Part of the Aleppo Codex," Pe'amim 41 (fall 1990), pp. 41-48 (Hebrew). go up
3.3 Photographs of the Lost Parts of the Aleppo CodexTwo photographs, about a hundred years old, display three pages from the lost part of the Pentateuch of the Aleppo Codex. As one might expect, the quality of the photographs is far from excellent. Nevertheless, one can make out the letters and some of the vowel and cantillation marks, and even read some of the Masoretic commentary. go up
3.3.1 Photograph of Genesis 27 Wickes
In 1887, the English scholar of the cantillation marks, William Wickes, published a book, on the frontispiece of which appears a photograph of a page from the Aleppo Codex, containing a chapter from Genesis. In his book, Wickes tells that he received the photograph of the Aleppo Codex from Isidor Lev. He reviewed the material carefully and came to the conclusion that the manuscript was not exact and did not represent the Ben Asher system, and for that reason its attribution to Ben Asher was to be rejected. Wickes reached this mistaken conclusion because he was unfamiliar with old Masoretic manuscripts, and he relied on a grammatical description of the accent marks (ge'yot), which is not appropriate to the methods of old manuscripts.[The foregoing will be incomprehensible to 98% of the readers, including me.] Amnon Shamosh found a letter from Nissim Bechar in the archive of the Alliance [Isra?lite Universelle]. Bechar was the principal of the first Alliance school in the community of Aleppo, and he tells about the efforts he made to obtain photographs of the Aleppo Codex, adding that he was including four photographs with the letter. It is not known what happened to the other three photographs sent by Bechar. The copy of the Masoretic apparatus that was in Wickes' possession was also lost, and to this day it has not been found. Photograph: Link to the photograph from Genesis – one page – Shamosh, at the beginning of the book, pl. I – but for maximum quality, the photograph should be taken from Wickes' book – there is a copy in the Herzog College in Alon Shvut. Bibliography: Amnon Shamosh, The Keter – the Story of the Aleppo Codex, Jerusalem, 1987, pp. 102-108 (Hebrew). go up
3.3.2 Photograph of the Ten Commandments from Deuteronomy???published a travel book in 1910. In it he describes northern Syria, and one chapter is devoted to the city of Aleppo and to the Jews living there. One picture in the book shows the Jews of the city, and another picture shows a two-page spread from the Aleppo Codex, containing the Ten Commandments from the Book of Deuteronomy. Photographs: Reference to the photograph of the Ten Commandments, two pages, the photograph is in Shamosh, p. 54 – but for the best quality, the original photograph should be copied from the journal, which is in the National Library. Photograph of the rabbis of Aleppo from the early twentieth century – Shamosh, p. 79. Bibliography: M. H. Goshen-Gottstein, "A Recovered Part of the Aleppo Codex", Textus 5 (1966), pp. 53-59 go up
3.4 Evidence Regarding the Text of the Aleppo CodexFor many generations, the Aleppo Codex was a focus of interest for those who dealt with the text of the Bible and the Masora. When the Aleppo Codex reached Israel, and it was learned that many parts of it were missing, the possibility was raised of surveying the writings of scholars who had consulted it and searching for copies of the Aleppo Codex or parts of it, or information about the text of the Aleppo Codex. In recent years, a great deal of evidence of this kind has accrued, and by using it, it is possible to reconstruct a considerable part of the missing information about the text of the Aleppo Codex. go up
3.4.1 Old Evidence: the Sasson MS, Sa'adia Ha'adani, Yehudah Butini, Yehosef AshkenaziSome of the oldest evidence providing information about the Aleppo Codex comes from the large Masora of MS Sasson 1053, which is a tenth century manuscript of the Bible. The Masoretic comment refers to the names of the princes of the Tribes in Numbers 1. There is a long comment about compound names (such as "Elitsur," which is composed of the words "Eli" [my God] and "tsur" [rock]), stating that in Torah scrolls, these should be written as a single word: These should be written as one word and read that way, and we find them in the work of the great scholar Aharon Ben Moshe Ben Asher in his works in the codex called altaj: All the names of the princes and [those called] and their fathers .. [the text presents a list of names here] Contrary to the practice of Masoretic comments, the Masorete mentions the source that he depends upon here, and he states that he copied the list from the "codex" written by the great scholar Aharon Ben Asher, which is known as "altaj," or, in Hebrew, Haketer, the crown. Later evidence (of Cassuto and Baer) shows that, indeed, there was such a Masora in the Aleppo Codex, and it was copied on the pages at the beginning of the manuscript. Later sources indicate the presence of the Keter in the city of Aleppo. Rabbi Sa'adia Ha'adani stated (before 1479) that he had seen the Aleppo Codex and read it, and that at the end was written, "I Aharon Ben Asher corrected it." Rabbi Yehuda Ben Rabbi Moshe Albutini, a rabbi from Jerusalem, stated in 1515 that he had seen the codex in the synagogue of the Aleppo community, and that he heard from the heads of the congregation that the Keter had reached their city along with the commentary on the Mishnayot and five or six volumes of the Yad hazaqa [lit., the Strong Arm, another name of the Mishneh Torah] of Maimondes, in his own hand. Rabbi Yehosef Ashkenazi of Safed, at the end of the sixteenth century, also stated that he had seen the Keter in Aleppo, and he reported on the manner of writing the open and closed portions in it. Photographs: Enlargement of the Masoretic comment from MS Sassoon – this must be obtained from the Institute for the Photography of Manuscripts in the National Library, film no. 8881. Photograph of Butini – there is one in my possession (Y. O.) Bibliography: Itzhak Ben-Zvi, "The Crown of the Torah of Ben Asher," Studies of the Aleppo Codex, ed. H. Rabin (publications of the Hebrew University Bible Project, I), Jerusalem, 1960, pp. 1-9 (Hebrew). Yosef Ofer, "The Aleppo Codex in the Light of the Notes of M. D. Cassuto," Sefunot 68 4 (19), 1989, pp. 302-304. go up
3.4.2 Rabbinical Responsa: Eliahu Ben Hayyim, Shmuel VitalThe Aleppo Codex is mentioned in a number of books of rabbinical responsa in connection with the correct way of writing a Torah scroll. The rabbis who answered the questions had consulted the Aleppo Codex, and they reported on the spelling and the division of portions in several places in the Pentateuch. Rabbi Eliahu Ben Hayyim lived in Turkey around 1530-1610. In his work, Mayim amuqim (Deep Waters), Rabbi Eliahu made use of his knowledge of the Aleppo Codex in order to determine the proper way of writing several portions. He said, for example: "There is in my hands a well-corrected manuscript. I corrected it according to a manuscript that was in the hands of a sage, who corrected it from the Book of Ben Asher that is in Aleppo." Elsewhere he says: "And other people have also told me that they saw the Book of Ben Asher that is in Aleppo, that there is no portion there." From these references, one may conclude that knowledge of the Aleppo Codex passed from person to person, and from copyist to copyist, and that it served to resolve doubts regarding the correct way of writing a Torah scroll. The printed book, Beer Mayim Hayyim (Well of Living Water), contains the response of Rabbi Shmuel Vital, the son of the famous Kabbalist from Safed, Hayyim Vital) from the years 1646-1676. One of these questions contains comprehensive evidence about the spelling of the Torah in the Aleppo Codex, and it is very similar to the testimony of Rabbi Menashe Stahon, Sithon, i.e. Sit + hon. who examined the Aleppo Codex in the nineteenth century, and whose notes were copied by Moshe David Cassuto. Bibliography: Jordan S. Penkower, "Maimonides and the Aleppo Codex", Textus 9 (1981), pp. 39-128. Yosef Ofer, "The Aleppo Codex in the Light of the Notes of M. D. Cassuto," Sefunot 68 4 (19), 1989, pp. 334-337; 339-341 (Hebrew). go up
3.4.3 The Evidence of the Cassuto DocumentsProfessor Moshe David Cassuto went to Aleppo in 1943 and examined the Keter in order to use it for the edition of the Bible, which he was publishing at that time. After overcoming many obstacles, Cassuto was permitted to examine the Aleppo Codex for four days and to make notes from it. He described the life of the Aleppo community in his journal, which Amnon Shamosh published in his book. The information about the Aleppo Codex from Cassuto's notes was published by Yosef Ofer. They contain information about the open and closed portions of the Pentateuch, about the spelling of the Aleppo Codex in comparison to the received text, about the dedications of the Aleppo Codex, and the chapters of Masoretic grammar that were in the beginning of the book, about the division of the "orders" in the Pentateuch, and much more. {UNCLEAR!!} Here is the physical description of the Aleppo Codex according to Cassuto's notes: The Aleppo Codex is kept in a wooden box covered with red leather. The box opens in two parts, and the Keter is attached to it, similarly to the two parts of the cover of an ordinary book. Most of the fascicles [that comprise the Aleppo Codex] include ten folios each. However, since most of them were damaged and torn and corrected over time, it is sometimes difficult to discern their original composition. The sewing of the fascicles is broken in some places, and the book is torn and tattered. The book has been damaged by dampness, especially in the lower, outside corner. On additional pages in the beginning and the end there are drawings in gold and colors. Journal of Cassuto in Amnon Shamosh, The Keter – the Story of the Aleppo Codex, Jerusalem, 1987, pp. 102-108 (Hebrew). Bibliography: Yosef 'Ofer, "The Aleppo Codex in the Light of the Notes of M. D. Cassuto," Sefunot 68 4 (19), 1989, pp. 227-344 (Hebrew). go up
3.4.4 The Bible of Shalom Shakhna YelinRabbi Shalom Shakhna Yellin (1790-1874) was an expert in the text of the Bible from the city of Skidel OK in Lithuania. In 1855 he began preparations for immigration to Eretz-Israel, and his main intention was to reach Aleppo and examine the Keter, as he stated in a letter to his son, Rabbi Arieh Leib Yellin, the author of Yefe 'ainayim (Of Beautiful Eyes), a commentary on the Talmud. The elder Yellin reached Jerusalem and obtained a letter appointing him as emissary from the greatest rabbis of Jerusalem (including Rabbi Shmuel Salant, who later became the Chief Rabbi of Jerusalem), addressed to the Hakhamim (rabbis) of Aleppo. The latter were asked to receive Yellin cordially, to host him, and to allow him to examine the Aleppo Codex. In the end, this mission was not accomplished as planned. In place of Rabbi Shalom Shakhna Yellin, his son-in-law, Rabbi Yehoshu'a Qimhi was sent. Yellin gave his son-in-law a copy of the Bible with many marginal notes about the text. Qimhi examined the Aleppo Codex, and in every place he recorded the wording of the Keter. Yellin also listed the open and closed portions in the Prophets and the Writings, and other data about the Aleppo Codex. It was known that this copy of the Bible existed. However, all traces of it had been lost. In 1987, the Yellin family house in Qiryat Moshe, Jerusalem, was about to be torn down. The books were removed from the attic, and some of them were going to be sent for burial in the genizah. At the last moment, the connection between these books and Rabbi Shalom Shakhna Yellin was discovered, and the Bible that had returned from Aleppo was saved from oblivion. The most important information that emerges from Qimhi's notes in the margins of the Bible relates to the open and closed portions in the prophets and writings. This information was unique to the Aleppo Codex, and it cannot be reconstructed according to any other manuscript of the Bible. Breuer's editions of the Bible, which were published after the discovery of the Yellin Bible, rely upon those notes, as do the missing portions of the Aleppo Codex which were published in the editions of Miqraot Gedolot Haketer. Photograph of the short letter of appointment with the signatures of the rabbis of Jerusalem – in the Library of the Ben Zvi Institute. The text of the long letter of appointment, according to the book, Avoteinu by Y. Y. Yelin or the article: D. Yitshaqi and Y. Y. Tshingel, "Ben Asher and the Bible of Rabbi Shalom Shakhna Yellin (1), " Tsefunot 8 (Tammuz 1990), pp. 67-73; (2) Tsefunot 10 (Tevet 1991), pp. 68-73 (Hebrew). [Up to know there have been references to a journal named ספונות and now there is a reference to a journal named צפונות – are these the same?] {TWO DIFFERENT JOURNALS} Photograph of some pages from the Yellin Bible – photograph in the Ben-Zvi Institute. Bibliography: Y. Ofer, "The Aleppo Codex and the Bible of Rabbi Shalom Shakhna Yellin," in Jubilee Volume for Rabbi Mordecai Breuer, Jerusalem, 1992, pp. 295-354 (Hebrew). D. Yitshaqi and Y. Y. Tshingel, "Ben Asher and the Bible of Rabbi Shalom Shakhna Yellin (2)," Tsefunot 10 (Tevet 1991), pp. 68-73 (Hebrew). go up
3.4.5 The Testimony of Yishai Bar 'Amram 'AmadiYishai Bar 'Amram Hacohen 'Amadi (from the city of 'Amadia in Kurdistan) examined the Aleppo Codex and in accordance with it he wrote corrections on a printed copy of the Pentateuch (which had been printed in the city of אישאר in Spain in 1490). 'Amadi did his work in the second half of the sixteenth century. At the end of some of the books of the Bible, this reviser wrote the following comment: "This volume of mine, I, the young servant in Israel and the youngest of them, Yishai Bar 'Amram Hacohen of blessed memory revised it according to the Keter that was revised by Ben Asher of blessed memory." 'Amadi's revision relates to matters connected to the writing of a Torah scroll. He provides information on the way of writing the Song of the Sea and the Give Ear Song, on open and closed portions, and on the spelling of the Torah. His notes provide an almost complete picture of the practice of the Aleppo Codex in these areas. 'Amadi does not comment on matters of vocalization or the cantillation marks or on the Masora of the Aleppo Codex. Some of his comments are presented in the name of "the Book of the Writing of 'Ezra," and it is difficult to determine whether this is another name for the Aleppo Codex or the name of another "Keter" that 'Amadi had seen. Photographs: Photographs 1-6 presented in the book by Y. Penkower, The Text of the Pentateuch in the Aleppo Codex – New Evidence, Ramat-Gan, 1993, pp. 114-119 (Hebrew). Bibliography: Yitshaq S. Penkower, The Text of the Pentateuch in the Aleppo Codex – New Evidence, Ramat-Gan, 1993 (Hebrew). go up
3.4.6 The Questions of Ya'aqov SapirYa'aqov Sapir was an Ashkenazi rabbi in Jerusalem, known for his book, Even Sapir (Sapphire), in which he describes his journeys to Yemen and other countries as an emissary of the Jerusalem community. Around 1855 he formulated 550 questions about the text of the Pentateuch, the Haftarot, and the Five Scrolls, and he sent them to Rabbi Moshe Sathon, who lived in Aleppo. Sapir asked Sathon to examine the Aleppo Codex and respond as to its version of each of these passages. Sathon did as Sapir asked and alongside each question, he wrote the result of his examination of the Aleppo Codex: "thus" or "not thus." Sometimes he also added a short comment on the wording of the Aleppo Codex. Here are two examples of questions regarding the vocalization of words: Gen. 2:12: "וּזֲהַב" (and gold) – with a hataf patah? The answer: "Thus and an accent on the vav." Gen. 21:9: "מְצַחֶק" (he sports) with a segol? The answer: "Not thus, but with a tsere." Sapir edited the list of questions and the answers and the description of the Aleppo Codex, which he had received from Sathon, and he called that work Meorot Nathan. Parts of the list of questions also appeared in Halevanon, a periodical published in Jerusalem in 1863. Photographs: Passages from the manuscript of Meorot Nathan (I have a photograph, but permission is needed from JTS, N.Y.). Raphael Zer, "Meorot Nathan by Rabbi Ya'aqov Sapir," Leshonenu 50 (1986), pp. 151-213 (Hebrew). go up
3.4.7 The Archive of Yitshaq Zeligman BaerYitshaq Zeligman Baer (S. Baer) was a nineteenth century scholar of the Masora who was active in Leipzig, Germany. He studied the grammatical comments of the Masora that are appended to old manuscripts, and he published an edition of Diqduqei hate'amim (Precisions of the Cantillation Marks). Recently Baer's archive has been discovered, and in it are copies of Masoretic material from many manuscripts. Among these copies there is also a nearly complete copy of the rich Masoretic material that was appended to the Aleppo Codex at the beginning and the end. The copy from the Aleppo Codex was made for the well-known Karaite traveler, Avraham Firkovich. This episode was reported by the Jerusalem rabbi Ya'aqov Sapir in Even sapir. After Firkovich's death, the copies from the Aleppo Codex passed into Baer's possession, and a full copy was preserved in his archive. Photographs: Photograph from the Baer archive, in which the Aleppo Codex is mentioned (in my possession). Bibliography: Y. Ofer, "A Masoretic Note in the Aleppo Codex Concerning the Composite Words," Textus XXI (2002), pp. 209-233. go up
3.5 Where are the Lost Parts of the Aleppo Codex?He went to the place where he went and came and opened the safe, as his father had commanded. He put out his hand and pulled out a stuffed pillowcase, hastily packed and tied up. With trembling hands he untied the knots and put out his hand, withdrawing a bundle of parchments, ancient Hebrew letters on parchment, with "In the beginning, God created" at the head of them all. He put out an inquiring finger and cautiously turned over the parchments. Now he could see with his own eyes, at the top and bottom of the pages, explicit admonitions, such as "cursed be he who steals this," "cursed be he who pawns this," and "cursed be he who befouls it," written again and again, and from time to time an entire sentence in his language, "cursed be he who steals it and cursed be he who pawns it and it may not be sold and it may not be defiled for all eternity." From his childhood, he had heard and known that it was explicitly written in the Aleppo Codex that on the day when it was removed from the city, the Jewish community there would be destroyed. A second thought made him shudder: was it not true that the Aleppo Codex was kept and preserved in the holy city of Jerusalem, as people said? He stretched out his right hand. The right thumbnail was gnawed to the quick. He turned the pieces of parchment over again and again and found that only the Five Books of Moses were there. Just a few pages from the end were missing. He remembered that people had said that the whole Pentateuch had been burned, and only the Prophets and Writings had reached Jerusalem intact. If so, what they had said was burned was not burned at all. Woe to the eyes that see this. That is an imaginary description of the lost part of the Aleppo Codex by the author Amnon Shamosh, who left Aleppo, the city of his birth in 1938 and immigrated to Eretz-Israel. He included that description in his book, Michel 'Ezra Safra and his Sons (pp. 142-143), which describes the fate of a Jewish family from the city of Aleppo. The book was adapted for a successful Israeli television series. [Hasn't it appeared in English? I can't find it on the web.] I don't know if there is an English Version. The more the accuracy, status, and importance of the Aleppo Codex became known, interest in the fate of missing parts increased. From time to time, items appear in the newspapers about the discovery of Keters or of old parchment folios, which are offered for sale or found in the possession of a collector or dealer. Newspaper stories about the Keter have tried to evaluate the meaning of these items. It is impossible to know whether more parts of the Aleppo Codex will be found in the future, and of course one cannot rule out the possibility that they might be discovered in one way or another. As we have said earlier, during the past fifty years, one whole page and a piece of another page have been found, and it would be wonderful if more parts were located go up

subset: commoncrawl


text:
A grievance is complaint which you decide to raise with your employer e.g. about your working conditions, bullying, unpaid wages etc. If you wish to raise a grievance, you should put it in writing and explain what it is about.
Your employer should invite you to attend a grievance meeting where you can explain your grievance and state your right of appeal.
Following the meeting, your employer should inform you in writing of the action it intends to take to resolve your grievance.
Your employer should inform you of your right to appeal the outcome of your grievance.
We can provide you with advice during this procedure or advise you about any claims, arising out of it.
Right to be accompanied
You have a right to be accompanied by a fellow worker, a trade union representative or an official employed by a trade union at any meeting relating to a grievance.
Settlement Agreement
If you know that you want to leave your employment and do not wish to raise a grievance or if you are unhappy with the outcome of your grievance, it is worth considering the possibility of broaching a Settlement Agreement with your employer.
If we consider that you have potential claims, we can write to your employer, setting out your claims and invite your employer to offer a financial package to you. In return for accepting the financial package, your employment would normally end under a Settlement Agreement and you would give up your employment claims.
Settlement Agreements are legal binding agreements upon which you must receive independent legal advice. The Agreement usually includes a variety of clauses, such as the settlement of claims, confidentiality of the Agreement, an agreement that neither side makes derogatory comments about the other one and the provision of an agreed reference for you.
If you would like to discuss your situation at work with our Employment Solicitor, Julia Woodhouse, please call her on 024 7653 1532 or email her at email@example.com
Our solicitors work across the whole of the Coventry and Warwickshire region including Rugby, Nuneaton, Bedworth, Leamington Spa, Kenilworth, Warwick, Atherstone and Balsall Common as well as further afield.
The above is not intended to provide advice.


text:
The bad news for the proposed Vikings stadium in Minnesota is that supporters won't meet a Friday deadline for coming up with a way to pay for $131 million in road improvements at the proposed Arden Hills location. The good news is that the Friday deadline is meaningless.
It's meaningless because, as Kevin Duchschere of the Minneapolis Star Tribune explains, arrangements still have not been made for a special legislative session later this month, at which time the stadium plan possibly would be converted into a finalized stadium bill.
"Obviously, it all depends on whether we have a special session the last week of the month, and at this point that's still very much up in the air," Rep. Morrie Lanning said Thursday, per Duchschere.
Further complicating matters is the fact that a proposed sports memorabilia tax will generate, on closer review, half of the amount previously estimated. So instead of $17.6 million per year, the tax will produce $8.8 million per year — requiring the state to come up with another $8.8 million per year.
The bigger challenge in Minnesota remains solving the state's budget crisis. Absent a new deal, the government will shut down on June 30.
And, absent a deal for a new Vikings stadium, the team will be free to leave after the 2011 season.


text:
First show: February 17
In this bold, genre-defying horror-musical mashup – the playful and confident debut of Polish director Agnieszka Smoczynska – a pair of carnivorous mermaid sisters are drawn ashore in an alternate '80s Poland to explore the wonders and temptations of life on land. Their tantalizing siren songs and otherworldly aura make them overnight sensations as nightclub singers in the half-glam, half-decrepit fantasy world of Smoczynska's imagining. In a visceral twist on Hans Christian Andersen's original Little Mermaid tale, one sister falls for a human, and as the bonds of sisterhood are tested, the lines between love and survival get blurred. A savage coming-of-age fairytale with a catchy new-wave soundtrack, lavishly grimy sets, and outrageous musical numbers, THE LURE explores its themes of sexuality, exploitation, and the compromises of adulthood with energy and originality.
Directed by Agnieszka Smoczynska. Written by Robert Bolesto. Starring Marta Mazurek, Michalina Olszańska, Kinga Preis, Jakub Gierszal. Original title: Córki dancingu. Poland. 2015. 92 min. DCP.
THE LURE: Upcoming Showtimes


text:
Drivers and Programming Guide
Intepro Systems strives to keep customer focus and allow ease of access to what they need, when they need it. Below are links to the remote programming manual, LabView and USB drivers for our products.
Remote Programming Manual
ELR 9000, PS 9000, PSI 9000 and EL9000 B Programming Guide for USB, Ethernet and AnyBus Module


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The free family day festival run by the Pride of the Isle committee is soon to take place.
This first Lex Fest on September 5 is in memory of Epworth's Alexander Strong, and offers entertainment, competitions, rides, stalls and games on Epworth Showground from noon to 4pm.
Gracy B from Britain's Got Talent will be star entertainer in the evening, with dancing, food and a licensed bar from 7.30pm to 11.30pm.
A highlight of the day that promises plenty of laughs will be the It's a Knockout Challenge Trophy, with teams competing from all around the area for the winners' cup.
Youngsters can also look forward to meeting characters from Star Wars, pony rides, meeting and holding a range of different reptiles, face painting, bouncy castles, and favourite snacks such as popcorn and candy floss to add to the experience.
Two brave youngsters with challenging medical conditions will benefit from money raised on the day. Belton's Kira Yates needs a mobility scooter that will be adapted to suit her exact needs. She was born with malformations of the skull, face, hands and feet and has undergone 14 major operations - including surgery to have her skull smashed and reshaped.
A specially adapted trike will go to William Moreland of Balby. The youngster suffers from spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy which means he cannot walk, cannot care for himself and has to use a wheelchair.
Evening tickets for Lex Fest are £5 from Sunspot in Epworth, the Co-op or Serendipity. Raffle tickets are on sale for multiple prizes, and party bags are being sold by Katie Anderson and Pride of Isle committee members.
Nomination forms for the Pride of the Isle awards to take place in January are needed now. If you know someone with special qualities, who has shown great courage, compassion or care in the community, log on to the Lex's Legacy, Pride of the Isle facebook page to download a form, or call in at Sunspot, Station Road, Epworth.


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Looks a bit of a tight squeeze.
http://www.hertfordshiremercury.co.uk/H ... story.html" target="_blank
Hertford Glass plan for homes and retail unit
What do you think about the quality and pace of housing development in Hertford?
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His glassy eyes stared at the electrical socket on the closest, otherwise blank wall. He rocked slowly and chomped rhythmically at this gum, occasionally blowing a bubble. His mind was void of any thought and he was psychologically blind to any stimulus not immediately in his path.
His trance was abruptly interrupted by a long, slow buzz that filled his head, rattling his eardrums. At first he just continued rocking and chomping, but the buzz continued until it snapped him into reality. He eased out of his chair and sauntered to the door. He grasped the doorknob and stood silently for a moment. With his free hand he stroked his mouth and chin as if to pull the solemn look from his face. He forced a smile and tugged the door open.
"Cliff! How's it going? What are you doing back in Philly?"
"Perry! Things are wonderful – I'm back for a week visiting Mom and Dad and I decided to look you up. I just got a promotion!"
Small talk turned to burning the midnight oil. At the evening's close, Perry waved goodbye, watching as Cliff drove out of sight. The smile escaped Perry's face, he wandered back inside, and he resumed his place in the rocking chair, staring blindly at the electrical socket once again.


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I couple years ago I wrote a short paper on how Americans use biblical metaphor as a lens through which to view their past, present, and future experiences in transcendental terms. This tradition has a variety of labels, but for present purposes I will refer to it as national providence—the belief that a nation has been chosen by God to carry out his will on earth. My previous focus was on the development of this idea on the American continent, but I realize now that this incomplete without looking first at the religious heritage of our nation's English roots. So I'm going to try and do this in a 500 word blog (Just finished and came back to this. I failed).
The development of national providence in the New World can be traced back to the religious thinking of the Old World. By the 17th century, Christians in England and Europe held two ideas that shaped their understanding of world events: first, God controlled everything that happened on earth; and second, God had a particular plan for history.[1]. These two convictions combined to form the concept of national providence, which consign the nation to a unique relationship with God[2]. To understand the conditions of this relationship, Christians turned to the bible. There they found the grand narrative of the Israelites, the first nation singled out by God. In this narrative, God is a helper and guardian, and yet a judge and punisher. The exodus, deliverance of Canaan, and the glory of David's kingdom were signs of God's favor; the Babylonian exile and expulsion of Jews from Israel were signs of His disapproval. The English thus interpreted history in these terms. The defeat of the Spanish Armada was a sign of God's favor; the return of Catholicism was a sign of his disfavor.
This view of history arrived with English colonists, especially the Puritans who settled in New England. They understood their settlement as akin to the Jewish concept of Tikkun Olam, that through their example God's desires will be spread through the world. They were to accomplish in the New World what the Old World (particularly England) had not. John Winthrop would articulate this in the timelessly quoted declaration that the Massachusetts Bay Colony was to be "a city on the hill, they eyes of all people are upon us." Increase Mather, the influential minister and president of Harvard, would speak of America's destiny: "God hath called out a people, even out of all parts of a Nation, which he hath also had a great favour towards, and hath brought them by a mighty hand, and an out-stretched arm, over a greater than the Red Sea, and hath caused them to grow up as it were into a little Nation"[3] (quoted in Guyatt 48). They could see in their experiences the hand of God. The mass deaths of the natives, for instance, was God clearing the land for his people as he had in Canaan, yet the early tribulations of the colonies were signs of God's dissatisfaction with their actions.
The Revolutionary War would forever define the plan that God has for America. In the follow up to the war, the clergy were instrumental in raising support for the cause, and their success came from rousing in the people a sense that their struggle was part of God's plan for history. This was evident made that more evident through the parallels drawn by the colonists between their own plight and that of the Israelites in Egypt. Sermons like Nicholas Street's The American States Acting Over the Part of the Children of Israel in the Wilderness identified Britain as the Pharaoh and the colonists as the Israelites fleeing the bonds of their oppressors. Victory only cemented this parallel in the minds of the newly liberated Americans who celebrated this definitive sign that God was indeed on America's side. Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson went as far as propose this parallel be formally cemented in the Great Seal. Franklin's design was a depiction of Moses parting the Red Sea, with the British replacing the Egyptians as the enemy engulfed by the waves of God's
judgment while Jefferson suggested an image of the Children of Israel in the wilderness being guided by God. Jefferson's role in this may come as a surprise, since he is well known for his analogy of a "wall of separation" between church and state. Yet he was an active author in this sacred history of America's roots, which he reiterates in his second inaugural address: "I shall need, too, the favor of that Being in whose hands we are, who led our fathers, as Israel of Old, from their native land and planted them in a country flowing with all the necessaries and comforts of life."
Throughout American history this idea of divine providence would pervade such institutionalized events of national communion; not one president has failed to mention God in an Inaugural Address. The significance of this isn't that every president has believed in the idea, but that the audience addressed (in the case of the inaugural the American people as a whole) finds the rhetoric compelling. I am, and you may be, unmoved by the idea that God has a special relationship with America, but a significant portion of Americans (think of the Religious Right) subscribe to such an interpretation of America's past, present, and future. When nearly 2nd in line to commander-in-chief Sarah Palin claimed that sending US soldiers to Iraq was a task from God it was (1) terrifying and (2) proof that this idea is alive and well in modern America. The tasks from God have changed over time, usually involving the deliverance of God-given rights and liberal democracy to those countries of economic or strategic interest. Thus our nation has a history of such missions, from Manifest Destiny to planting the tree of liberty and democratic governance in the sands of a desert and expecting it to grow with only blood, oil, and a hatred of the planter as fertilizer.
Finally, a brief comment on whether this tradition supports the arguments of those who claim that the United States is a "Christian nation" (like how we have no homeless people). Although every president has invoked the figure of God in their inaugural addresses, not one has referred to Jesus Christ. The rhetoric of divine providence is religious, but not in any specific sense Christian. The vast majority of Americans do hold similar religious beliefs, and that they would pull together these common characteristic in a construction of self-identity is not unexpected. But our political institutions remain based in law, order, and reason rather than the teachings of Jesus (who we would have to pretend was individualistic, greedy, and an enthusiast of semiautomatic rifles). This post is way too long, and if you've read this far hopefully you're not disappointed.
[1] Yep, working in the footnote. Guyatt, Nicholas. Providence and the invention of the United States, 1607-1876. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007, 14
[2] Ibid, 16
[3] Quoted in Guyatt, 48.
General References and Related Items
Bailyn, Bernard. The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Belknap of Harvard UP, 1967.
Bellah, Robert Neelly. The broken covenant: American civil religion in a time of trial. New York: Seabury Press, 1975.
– "Civil Religion in America." [Electronic Version] Daedalus 96.1 (1967): 1-21.
Cherry, Conrad. God's new Israel religious interpretations of American destiny. Rev. and updated ed. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998.
Guyatt, Nicholas. Providence and the invention of the United States, 1607-1876. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Heimert, Alan. Religion and the American mind: from the Great Awakening to the Revolution. Harvard University Press, 1966.
Wood, Gordon S. "Ideology and Origins of Liberal America." [Electronic Version] The William and Mary Quarterly 3rd ser. 44.3 (1987): 628-40.
–The Creation of the American Republic 1776-1787. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1969.


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Hybrid electric vehicle catalyst control
A hybrid electric drive system is provided having a heat engine, a catalytic converter, and an electric storage device having a state of charge. The drive system also includes a state of charge sensor and a device for heating the catalytic converter in response to the state of charge of the electric storage device being less than a predetermined state of charge.
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This invention relates generally to hybrid electric vehicles having both a set of electrical energy storage devices and a heat engine. It more particularly relates to a method and apparatus for reducing the undesired constituents produced by the heat engine in the vehicle exhaust.
Most of today's motor vehicles carry an internal combustion (heat) engine that functions optimally at high speeds only. It is by necessity larger than required for most "in town" vehicle operation. Penalties are therefore paid for the luxury of broad range operation--one of which is the dumping of significant exhaust with its undesirable constituents into the atmosphere and consequent deterioration of our environment.
Much effort is being expended at the moment addressing the basic need for an appropriate motor vehicle power source. One approach actively being considered is known as the hybrid approach. In such approach, a vehicle is provided both with a heat engine and a set of electrical energy storage devices, e.g., a battery pack. Such a vehicle typically will also include an electric motor connected to provide at least a portion of the torque needed to drive the vehicle. Generally speaking, there are two types of hybrid electric vehicles. One of these types is referred to as a "series" hybrid electric vehicle and in such type the heat engine is not connected to directly provide driving torque to the vehicle. Rather it is used as a generator. (The term "generator" is used herein in its broadest sense and includes any means, such as an alternator, for converting mechanical energy to electrical energy.) An example of a series hybrid electric vehicle is set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 4,187,436, issued Feb. 5, 1980 to Etienne.
There is besides the series type hybrid electric vehicle discussed above, a parallel type. In a parallel hybrid electric vehicle, the heat engine provides besides mechanical energy to be converted to electrical energy, torque for driving the vehicle. The power output of both the heat engine and the hybrid electric vehicle are added together when necessary to provide driving torque. As a general rule, though, most parallel arrangements are such that there is battery only operation. An example of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle is the vehicle described in Kawakatsu et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,407,132.
The heat engine included in a hybrid electric vehicle is much smaller than the heat engine generally used when no electrically powered motor for driving the vehicle is included. The inclusion of a battery pack or other set of electrical energy storage devices either delays the time at which the heat engine must operate or reduces the amount of driving torque that it must provide. Thus, a hybrid electric vehicle in general runs much "cleaner" than a vehicle which only has a standard industrial combustion engine. Moreover, the vehicle and its energy sources are designed and controlled to reduce pollution.
In spite of the above, there is room for improvement. That is, even though a hybrid electric vehicle has a much smaller heat engine than a normal vehicle and its speed of operation is optimized, it must be remembered that any vehicle having an on-board heat engine will produce exhaust emissions when the engine runs, which emissions have undesired constituents. In this connection, efforts to reduce harmful exhaust emissions from standard internal combustion engines have resulted in the catalytic converter. Two of the undesired constituents of exhaust are hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. In the presence of a catalyst, the combustion temperature of these gases is lowered to a temperature which is typically found in an automobile's exhaust. They are therefore converted to less harmful constituents, i.e., water, carbon, and CO.sub.2. However, a large (about 80%) percentage of harmful hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions are produced in a standard engine during its first few minutes of operation, i.e., following a cold engine start. Conventional catalytic converters do not affect these cold-start emissions because it takes such a converter several minutes to reach an effective reaction or "light-off" temperature. Because of this cold start problem, there has been introduced to the field electrically heated catalytic converters. Such catalytic converters work by heating the catalyst in the converter before an engine is started. A major difficulty with use of such converters in conventional vehicles is, of course, the delay caused by the time required for catalyst heating before the vehicle even can be operated.
The invention minimizes the exhaust emissions of a hybrid electric vehicle. It includes besides the typical electrical energy storage device and heat engine found in a hybrid vehicle, a catalytic converter connected to receive the exhaust gas from the engine and a controller which, among other things, causes preheating by electrical energy of a catalyst in a converter for at least one of the undesired constituents in the exhaust gas. In keeping with the invention, the controller is set to cause such heating when the vehicle has driving torque being delivered to its wheels by electrical energy. Thus there is no vehicle operation delay caused by the catalyst preheating.
Most desirably, a sensor is included for determining when the electrical energy in the storage device is at a set low level. The controller is set to react to this low level to cause electrical energy to be directed to the catalytic converter to preheat it.
The invention includes both the method and apparatus. In this connection, it must be remembered that from the broad standpoint the apparatus is different than previous apparatus not only in that the hybrid vehicle enhances the usefulness of preheatable catalytic converters in that the converter can be preheated while driving torque is being provided to the vehicle solely by electrical energy without any contribution, direct or indirect, by the heat engine. Such an arrangement is possible only if the controller is so arranged that it causes the heating by electrical energy during such time.
Other features and advantages of the invention either will become apparent or will be described in connection with the following, more detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and variations.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the major components of a hybrid electrical vehicle incorporating a preferred embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a hybrid control arrangement for such vehicle.
The following relatively detailed description is provided to satisfy the patent statutes. It includes potential variations. The inclusion of these is not to be construed as an indication of all possibilities which come within the scope of the invention. Various other additions, changes and modifications can be made without departing from the invention.
A preferred embodiment of that portion of a hybrid electric vehicle relevant to the invention is generally referred to in FIG. 1 by the reference numeral 11. It is to be noted that while the invention is being described in connection with a series hybrid type of electric vehicle, it is equally applicable to a parallel hybrid type in which the heat engine provides driving torque.
Vehicle 11 has both a set of electrical storage devices in the form of a battery pack 12, and a heat engine 13. The heat engine 13 preferably is a rotary engine of the type well-known in the art; however, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that four- or two-stroke engines, gas turbines and the like also may be used. Preferably engine 13 will be a fuel injected one that is tuned to operate at its maximum efficiency.
Driving torque is delivered to the vehicle wheels by a traction motor 14. In a preferred implementation, motor 14 is a multi-pole, direct current, permanent magnet motor; however, it will be appreciated that other types of motors, for example, multiphase alternating current motors, may be used. It is preferable that the motor 14 have a low mass rotor for high speed response and quiet operation and to provide minimum clogging and high torque.
Although not shown, the driving torque produced by motor 14 is transferred to the drive wheels of the vehicle through a transmission via a differential. Commonly, the rotating element of the transmission's torque converter will be coupled to the output shaft of the motor with a shaft adapter.
As is illustrated, in this embodiment of the invention, all of the driving torque is provided by electrical energy and, in this connection, a motor controller 16 is included as is conventional to control operation of motor 14. The windings of motor 14 preferably are such that series-parallel combinations can be switched, and the commutation of the motor is controlled by controller 16 in a well-known manner.
Consistent with the series-type hybrid vehicle illustrated, the output shaft 13 of the heat engine is not directly connected either to the traction motor 14. Rather, it is connected to an electrical generator in the form of an alternator 17. (As mentioned previously, the term "generator" in its various tenses and forms is used herein in a generic sense and is meant to include an alternator.) In an implementation of the invention, an alternator was selected having a three-phase permanent magnet brushless module providing high power to weight ratio, and high efficiency. Alternator 17 also is capable in the preferred embodiment being described of acting as a starting motor for engine 13, i.e., it can either transform mechanical energy from the engine into electrical energy for the battery pack or transform electrical energy into mechanical energy. A box 19 labeled "ENGINE STARTER INVERTER" is included in the drawings to illustrate this point, which box has a control line 21 extending between it and a master controller represented at 22.
It is the master controller which provides the logic for operating the vehicle as desired. Such controller includes significant software, firmware and/or hardware logic. Only those portions of the logic applicable to the invention being described are indicated. To facilitate description, much of such logic is shown divided into a pair of modules, an emissions controller module 23 and an engine controller module 24. The "START CONTROL" control line 21 relates to initiating operation of the heat engine and, in this connection, is actually shown extending to the inverter 19 from the engine controller module 24 of the master controller.
The heat engine is selected to operate at a speed and load sufficient to provide on the output terminals of the alternator 17, an output voltage that is necessary to both recharge the electric storage device 12 while such device is at the same time providing the driving energy that is required. To reduce emissions it is desirable to maintain operation of the engine at its optimum, constant speed. Although the engine preferably will be operated at a constant rate which not only will provide the power needed to operate the traction motor 14 but also to provide a predetermined average recharge rate for the battery pack 12, there will be times in which the traction motor will draw a lot of current. This will happen, for example, when the vehicle is traveling up an extended grade. In this situation, the battery pack supplements what is needed beyond that which the engine/alternator supplies.
A heat engine "shutdown control" line 26 is also illustrated, as well as an air/fuel mixture control line 27. (The air/fuel mixture of the engine will, of course, have a major effect on the exhaust emissions.) In this connection, an oxygen sensor for the engine exhaust is indicated at 28, which oxygen sensor provides input to the engine controller module as indicated by signal line 29. It will be appreciated that this input is utilized in determining an appropriate air/fuel mixture--however, many factors besides the exhaust constituents will affect the air/fuel mixture in a common controller arrangement. As an example, the power output that is required will affect such mixture as well as, of course, such things as elevation, etc.
Exhaust from the engine 13 is passed through a pair of catalytic converters before it is expelled to the atmosphere. The exhaust is first directed, in keeping with the invention, to an electrically heated catalytic converter (commonly referred to as an "EHC") represented by block 31. The direction of the exhaust to the EHC 31 is represented by pipe 32. From the EHC, the exhaust is directed to another catalytic converter represented at 33. Such converter is a standard three-way catalytic converter and includes a pair of sections 34 and 36 separated in essence by a location at which air with its high oxygen content is introduced into converter 33. This introduction is represented in the figure by pipe arrow 37. After such introduction, the converter 33 is quite effective in oxidizing the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide constituents of the exhaust gas, whereas before such introduction the converter 33 primarily removes the NO.sub.x constituents. An air valve represented at 38 controls the flow of air into converter 36, which air valve is supplied by an air blower 39. As is illustrated, air provided by blower 39 also may be introduced into the exhaust before either of the pair of catalytic converters.
This is represented in FIG. 1 by the inclusion of air valve 41 and air flow arrows 42 and 42'.
The supply of electrical energy to the electrically heated converter 31 for conversion to thermal energy is controlled by a relay represented by block 43. The electrical energy supply, in the implementation being described, is provided by the accessory electrical energy battery and is represented by 44.
The inventive aspects of the system is best understood by a description of its operation. FIG. 2 is a logic flow chart of an implementation of the preferred embodiment. The first thing to note is that the operation is entirely automatic. The driver when he enters a hybrid vehicle of the invention first simply checks the operational readiness as is done with a conventional I.C. vehicle. In this connection, the operating controls for the vehicle can be a standard brake pedal and accelerator. The driver then sets the APU switch (the heat engine switch) to "auto", enables the system (this can be as simple as turning a key) and drives to his destination.
The above simple "operation" by the driver is represented in FIG. 2 by block 46. Once the vehicle is in operation the only thing the driver must do before he reaches his destination is to do the common driver operations, such as to check the fuel supply and refill it as necessary. This operation is indicated in FIG. 2 by the logic loop indicated at 47. While the number of times this must be repeated will depend, of course, on the size of the fuel tank and the rate at which fuel is used, the inclusion of this operation in the flow chart is not meant to indicate that it is contemplated in using the invention that it will be necessary to fill the fuel tank more often than a driver may typically be used to. In fact, in an implementation of the invention it is expected the vehicle will normally go about 400 miles before it becomes necessary to refill the fuel.
The automatic nature of the invention is exemplified by the logic flow diagram. There are two outputs represented at 48 and 49 from block 46. A driver typically only has to be conscious of what happens during the drive, i.e., what happens in the 48 output branch of the logic diagram. As is indicated, besides checking the fuel and reacting to other typical inputs during the drive, the driver will simply continue to his/her destination and park and secure the vehicle. This is indicated by the flow line 51 extending to the block 52 at the end of the diagram. It should be noted that if the destination is one providing a battery charger, the driver may wish to plug in the vehicle so that the batteries will be charged. For example, if the destination is a home destination and the vehicle is to be left overnight, the driver may plug in the vehicle to take advantage of the nighttime lack of vehicle operation and the well-known nighttime power use dip in electrical energy use for other purposes.
The operations associated with output 49 are initiated at the beginning of the driving operation by the driver setting the APU switch to "auto". This places the master controller 22 in a standby mode. Block 53 in FIG. 2 represents this automatic operation. The master controller then continually calculates the battery state of charge (SOC). In this connection a sensor 54 (FIG. 1) is connected between the battery terminals. Signals indicating the battery bus voltage and current are fed to the master controller as is represented in FIG. 1 by line 56. The reading of the battery bus voltage and current is indicated in FIG. 2 by diamond 57. When the battery state of charge falls below a set value, the master controller enters the APU startup mode as is represented by block 58. The battery state of charge value at which the master controller will initiate the startup mode will depend on many factors which will be taken into consideration by the individual or entity setting up the master controller--in one implementation the master controller was set to provide such conversion when the battery state of charge dropped to 50% of the rated capacity of the battery pack selected.
When the master controller is set to the "startup" mode, before it actually starts the heat engine it takes the steps necessary to assure that the converter 31 is pre-heated by electrical energy to the "light-off" temperature. To this end it closes relay 43, initiates operation of air blower 39 and opens air valve 41. (Air flow ensures that heating in the EHC is uniform.) In this connection, FIG. 1 illustrates control lines 59, 61 and 62 extending between the emissions controller module 23 and the respective components.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the electrically-heated catalytic converter 31 is monitored as is represented by signal line 63. When the temperature reaches the desired set point (typically slightly higher than the "light-off" temperature), relay 43 is opened to discontinue the electrical heating. If the temperature falls to a lower threshold level, relay 43 is again closed and electrical heating will resume until the desired set point is again attained. It will be recognized that although in this description it is the temperature which is measured, it is well within the contemplation of the invention for there to be a set time for preheat rather than a direct measure of the temperature. Of course an engine block heater or the like could also be provided to preheat the engine 13 as well as the catalytic converter 31.
The monitoring operation is represented in FIG. 2 by decision diamond 64 and its accompanying loop. At the same time the relay 43 is opened, i.e., the electrical heating is discontinued, the steps to initiate operation of the engine 13 are accomplished. Alternator 17 is controlled to become a starting motor and the engine cranking timer starts. This operation is represented in FIG. 2 by block 66. The starting operation is monitored (the starting operation may be stopped after a certain period of cranking) and if and when the RPM of the engine reaches a certain speed, the master controller initiates engine operation setup and control. This measurement and the feedback of the same to the engine controller module is represented in FIG. 1 by RPM signal line 67. The decision by the master controller is represented in FIG. 2 by diamond 68 and its accompanying loop. When the hybrid vehicle enters the heat engine operation mode, the master controller does many things. Insofar as this invention is concerned, it is important to note that the engine control module now controls the starter motor as an alternator. Moreover, such module adjusts the air/fuel mixture and throttle as is necessary, taking into consideration the make-up and volume of the exhaust emissions as discussed previously. This control during engine operation is represented in FIG. 2 by block 69.
The emissions control module closes the air valve 41 providing air flow through the converter 31 and opens the air valve 38 providing air flow into the converter 33. It does this in a set time after the engine begins operating--in one implementation of the invention the controller was set to do so 75 seconds after engine operation. The emissions control module of the master controller then closes the valve 38 after it has been open for a particular period of time and at that time also shuts off air blower 39. In the implementation of the invention mentioned above, the controller was set to do this at 130 seconds after engine operation started.
As mentioned previously, the battery bus voltage and current are continuously read and battery state of charge (SOC) determined. When the engine is operating, however, the SOC value determines when the APU is stopped. That is, when the battery state of charge exceeds a particular level, then the engine operation can be discontinued--in one implementation of the invention the controller was set to discontinue such operation when the battery SOC was equal to or greater than 70%. Diamond 71 and its accompanying loop is included in FIG. 2 to represent this logical step. The shutting down of the engine by the master controller is represented by block 72. The standby mode is also reset. The result is that the operation discussed above will be repeated if and when the voltage across the battery pack state of charge falls below the set engine start SOC.
As mentioned at the beginning of the detailed description, applicant is not limited to the specific embodiment and variations described above. They are exemplary, rather than exhaustive. The claims, their equivalents and their equivalent language define the scope of protection.
1. A hybrid electric vehicle comprising in combination:
- A. an electrically powered motor connected to provide the sole driving torque for said vehicle;
- B. an electrical energy storage device connected to said motor to provide electrical energy for driving said vehicle;
- C. a generator for applying electrical energy to the electrical energy storage device.
- D. a sensor for determining when the electrical energy in said storage device is at a predetermined level and providing an output.
- E. a heat engine having one or more undesired constituents in its exhaust gas when said engine is operating to drive said generator;
- F. a catalytic converter including a catalyst heated by electrical energy for at least one of said constituents connected to receive exhaust gas from said engine; and
- G. a controller responsive to said sensor output for applying electrical energy to said converter to cause heating of said catalyst and thereafter operating said heat engine.
2. The hybrid electric vehicle of claim 1 wherein said generator also acts as a starter motor for said engine and converts electrical energy into mechanical energy required by said heat engine to initiate operation of the same.
3. The hybrid electric vehicle of claim 1 wherein there are a pair of said catalytic converters and said controller is adapted to cause heating by electrical energy of a catalyst in one of said pair.
4. The hybrid electric vehicle of claim 1 wherein the exhaust gas is relied upon to maintain a selected catalyst light-off temperature of said catalyst after said engine is energized.
5. The hybrid electric vehicle of claim 1 wherein said generator is connected to the heat engine output shaft so as to convert all of the heat engine mechanical energy to electrical energy for said vehicle.
6. The hybrid electric vehicle of claim 1 further including as part of said combination, means for directing air flow to said converter to enhance conversion by said catalyst of an undesired constituent in said exhaust gas and wherein there are a pair of said catalytic converters and said controller is adapted to cause heating by electrical energy of a catalyst in one of said pair.
7. The hybrid electric vehicle of claim 1 further including as part of said combination, means for directing gas flow to said converter to enhance conversion by said catalyst of an undesired constituent in said exhaust gas.
8. The hybrid electric vehicle of claim 7 wherein said gas is air.
Referenced Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
|February 1964
|Graybeal et al.
|June 1970
|February 1971
|Evans et al.
|March 1971
|Berman et al.
|March 1973
|Shibata et al.
|February 1974
|November 30, 1976
|May 3, 1977
|May 15, 1979
|January 8, 1980
|February 5, 1980
|April 22, 1980
|October 4, 1983
|Kawakatsu et al.
|May 8, 1990
|November 26, 1991
|September 13, 1994
|August 15, 1995
|March 25, 1997
Other references
- Wouk, Victor, "Hybrids: Then and Now", IEEE Spectrum, vol. 32, No. 7, Jul. 1995, pp. 16-21. Bates, Bradford, "Getting a Ford HEV on the Road", IEEE Spectrum, vol. 32, No. 7, Jul. 1995, pp. 22-25. King, Robert D., et al., "Hybrid Electric Transit Bus", IEEE Spectrum, vol. 32, No. 7, Jul. 1995, pp. 26-31.
Patent History
Type: Grant
Filed: May 3, 1996
Date of Patent: Jul 28, 1998
Assignee: Nevcor, Inc. (Palo Alto, CA)
Inventor: John S. Reuyl (Palo Alto, CA)
Primary Examiner: Robert J. Oberleitner
Assistant Examiner: C. T. Bartz
Law Firm: Flehr Hohbach Test Albritton & Herbert LLP
Application Number: 8/642,519
International Classification: B60K 100;


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Job Title: Corrosion Engineer
Function: Long Description
Sub Svc Line: Per PSFT
Sub-function: Long Description
Location: City, State or "MULTIPLE"
Level: 3-digit code or "MULTIPLE"
Reports to: Title, not name
Prepared by: Office and preparers initials
Implement and deliver assigned asset corrosion engineering work including control strategy(ies). Participate in and effectively report upon those activities and practices. Provide other assigned corrosion engineering support services to Oceaneering and/ or client companies as required.
Ensure Regulatory and client standard compliance Support the Line Manager (LM) in appropriate aspects of management of Oceaneering contract providing assurance on technical delivery and cost management Assist in the development of appropriate annual budget Ensure all work is complaint with relevant client engineering and safety standards and practices and review any revisions and feedback from client Integrity Focal Point Ensure implementation of client corrosion management control strategy(ies) Participate in the risk based assessment process, and provide corrosion expertise and effectively interact with multi-disciplinary Risk Based Assessment (RBA) or other process groups Input to the production and ongoing management of the asset Annual Inspection Plans and client planning process compliance for corrosion monitoring activities Assist with corrosion input to asset Turnaround (TAR) programmes Assist with producing pipework inspection workscopes and workpacks as directed by the Senior Inspection Engineers Ensure the effective application of innovative inspection and corrosion engineering applications and specialist technologies Input to the Inspection Query/Remedial Order (IQ/RO) process for corrosion and materials issues Assist senior engineers with corrosion anomalies and failures Undertake or co-ordinate failure investigations into material and corrosion issues in accordance with prescribed or approved failure investigation procedures Provide technical assessment and interpretation of corrosion/inspection monitoring data (using ACET or other databases as appropriate) Recommend changes in corrosion criticality analyses and monitoring/inspection programmes where appropriate Ensure effective data management within ACET database Deliver periodic reports, corrosion status of systems, identification and assessment of significant trends from surveys and Corrosion and Chemical Control Matrices Maintain appropriate level of contact with Asset Teams, 3rd Parties and internal disciplines to ensure an effective Corrosion Inspection Management (CIM) service Attend TAR Meetings, RBA meetings, Asset Integrity meetings and technical practice documentation reviews as required and maintain appropriate levels of contact with asset teams and third parties to ensure an effective corrosion service Support LM in production of Oceaneering monthly performance management report (Dashboard) Input into annual reporting as directed by LM Assist the LM to achieve Key Performance Indicator (KPI) deliverables and overall management of the service
The list of job duties is not exclusive or exhaustive and the post holder will be required to undertake tasks that may reasonably be expected within the scope of the post Assist with any other duties as and when required Undertake specific projects as instructed by management
Ensure that the Safety policies and procedures are understood and adhered to so far as is reasonably practicable in order to ensure a safe working environment.
Carry out work in accordance with the Company Health, Safety, Environmental and Quality Systems.Perform the assigned tasks with due diligence regarding the Integrated Management Systems on the Company.Eliminate waste of whatever form, to suggest the use of more environmentally friendly substances and practices and contribute to the continuous improvement of the environment.
Supervisory Responsibilities
This position has NO direct supervisory responsibilities.
Degree in Engineering related discipline
Postgraduate qualification in corrosion Chartered Engineer as defined by the Engineering Council or equivalent Offshore medical and survival certification
Knowledge, Experience, Skills, Abilities, and Other Characteristics
Minimum 3 years of specific experience related to the job description, with at least one year in pressure systems in the oil and gas or related industries (E) Able to demonstrate up to date knowledge of and be able to use applicable national and international standards in the corrosion or related fields (E) Familiar with QA/QC systems/procedures and NDE techniques (E) Microsoft Office (E) ACET or equivalent (E). If no previous experience, training must be completed in a timely manner Corrosion modeling software (P) Ability to generate a team approach to problem solving (E) Good client or support contractor relationship skills at various levels of seniority or diverse cultures (E) Good communicator both written and verbal (E)
Working Conditions
This position is considered SITE/INDOORS which is characterized as follows:
Requires working outdoors, exposed to all weather conditions Includes exposure to sounds and noise levels that are distracting or uncomfortable Includes exposure to contaminants Requires working in cramped work spaces and getting into awkward positions Requires working in extremely bright or inadequate lighting conditions
Physical Activity/Requirements
The physical demands described here are representative of those that must be met by an employee to successfully perform the essential functions of this job. Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable individuals with disabilities to perform the essential functions.This position is considered LIGHT work.
Lift up to 20 pounds Climbing, stooping, kneeling, squatting, and reaching Lift up to 10 pounds Standing Repetitive movements of arms and hands Sit with back supported
E - mail : firstname.lastname@example.com


text: On Tue, Sep 21, 2010 at 05:26:30PM +0200, Mehdi Dogguy wrote: > > Did you say that before? I don't think so. Personally, I care about the > Debian package only because the original bugreport (from where this > discussion started) was against the Debian package and for a Debian > specificity, not about the genericity of the name used for the shipped binary. Part of the historical discussion on debian-hams and Jéré mentioned it in this thread today. Pat -- Patrick Ouellette email@example.com ne4po (at) arrl (dot) net Amateur Radio: NE4PO What kind of change have you been in the world today?


text:
Comcast launches TV, movie site
EmptyMore CES coverage:
Latest headlines
Preview: Content, celebrity vie with circuitry
CES 2008 schedule highlights
LAS VEGAS -- Comcast Corp. is looking to broadband site Fancast and a growing stable of high-definition VOD titles to headline the company's tech efforts, following months of turbulence on Wall Street.
At his keynote Tuesday morning, Comcast CEO Brian Roberts is expected to announce the official launch of Fancast, a Web TV and movie destination that grew out of his company's acquisition of Fandango last year. The site has been in beta since August.
Roberts will also announce an expansion of the cable giant's free HD VOD offerings, which includes TV, film and music videos. The HD library, part of a greater catalog of 10,000 titles, will grow from the current 300 to over 1,000 in 2008. Comcast hopes to ramp up to 6,000 films in 2009, 3,000 of which will be in HD.
Derek Harrar, senior vp and GM, video services explained that Comcast, the nation's largest cable provider, will make the HD offerings available as the content companies are willing to put them on VOD. The HD content will encompass the full range of content that the company
These projects are part of a Comcast initiative dubbed "Project Infinity." The goal of the strategy is to provide a limitless library of content for consumers on any screen.
In keeping with this theme, Fancast is aiming to provide information on TV and film content and also has options for search and viewing.
The site is officially launching with over 3,000 hours of programming and the capability to search through more than 50,000 television shows, 80,000 movies and 1.2 million people.
Comcast also has deals for short-form content from ABC and short-form and long-form content, including film and TV, from the NBC Universal/News Corp. JV Hulu, CBS, Viacom, MGM and Sony. Amy Banse, president, interactive media for Comcast, said the company is
currently "talking with everyone" about more content deals.
"Fancast is really developed as a strategic asset," said Banse. "Comcast has been a place for TV and movies for 35 years and we wanted to expand on that and make consumption of content as easy as possible."
The content runs in Fancast's own player, which can be branded based on content owner, and Comcast shares the revenue created from the offerings with the content-owner.
Banse said an option to program a TV's DVR from Fancast will be available this year. The site is also working on an electronic sell-through option which will make content available to rent. She also said the company is working towards social networking capabilities, critic and peer reviews and the option for a Netflix-like queue. "The site's not fully-baked by any means," she said.
Comcast also partnered with Panasonic on Monday to unveil the AnyPlay portable DVD/DVR device. The gadget, which features 60GB of digital video recording capacity and an 8.5" folding LCD display screen, will be available in 2009.
Last month, Comcast lowered its financial estimates for 2007 and predicted basic cable subscriber losses for 2008. Some observers see the company's size as a disadvantage if the economy were to be hit by a recession, as some have predicted.


text:
Yesterday was a day of nudging reminders and grudging to-do lists. The upshot of all this mundane ephemera has been a new focus in the studio. As a good friend of mine said yesterday – it's time to get out and about mate. So let's see where that will lead and I'll keep you updated as I go.
The wonderous Michael Zahn forwarded on to me a couple of articles discussing the end of Postmodernism, and I thought I'd share them with you as well. The first is by Duncan Alexander on Fan Culture. The premise is that with more individuals participating in specific (online) fan groups dedicated to specific types of cultural activities new forms of art will emerge out of the plurality. "As the transition from a standardized popular culture to a fandom culture has occurred, fine art has wavered between supporting one or the other. Because of Postmodern art's current obsession with its endgame, it loses its ability to examine culture because it becomes its own fandom."
In the Endgame of Postmodernism Matthew Nash sees an exhausted Postmodernism feeding on itself. "Words, as ideas spoken, can have their power inverted through the subversion of reflection, distorted into new meaning by a change of tone or context. Art of the Postmodern era has increasingly relied on this strategy, and here the telling signs of the endgame of Postmodernism begin to betray themselves."
What we are beginning to see in the artistic community is a sustained critique and outcry against the Postmodern monolith. What will come next, what can we do? Exciting things to consider!


text:
It's hard to believe that our irrigation project is almost completed! It seems like only yesterday that the crews started installing the state-of-the-art HPE piping. We have about 7 days left to complete the project and I couldn't be more excited! We can't wait to show off the NEW and IMPROVED Delcastle in the Spring of 2016.
If you are like me, you find it hard to find the perfect gift for those in your life. Luckily, if you have a golfer in your life, Delcastle offers a plethora of options. We have the 2016 Players Pack, Philaware Memberships, Range Express Cards, and Gift Certificates. What's even better is we have them all available in our online store so you can shop from the comfort of your own home. Just visit www.delcastlegc.com/store to purchase the perfect gift for the golfer in your life!
Happy holidays from all of us at Delcastle and Happy Golfing in 2016!


text:
Product Detail
Bush Business Furniture 48W CLeg Desk and 3 Drawer Mobile Pedestal in Light Gray PPC024LG
Quick OverviewA complete office configuration that promotes both collaboration and privacy. Desk is constructed of thermally fused laminate that delivers strength and durability for long lasting value. Keep cables under control with included wire management grommets...
A complete office configuration that promotes both collaboration and privacy. Desk is constructed of thermally fused laminate that delivers strength and durability for long lasting value. Keep cables under control with included wire management grommets on work surface. Increase workspace storage with a 3 Drawer Mobile Pedestal with two drawers for office supplies and one file drawer to accommodate letter, legal, or A4-sized files. File drawer smoothly opens on full-extension ball bearing slides for years of trouble-free use. Keep documents secure with included locking feature. The 3 Drawer Mobile Pedestal rolls conveniently under all Desk Surfaces to minimize your office footprint. All ProPanels have Slate-finished frames that will remain sturdy for years to come and are covered in a neutral Light Grey fabric to coordinate with your office furniture. Each setup comes with connection hardware that makes assembly simple and straightforward, as well as pre-installed levelers that adjust to accommodate uneven floor surfaces. With a simple design and ease of assembly your office area can be up and running in no time. ProPanels are an affordable option to customize, divide and organize open and private work areas and can be easily added to as your needs change or business grows. All components meet ANSI/BIFMA standards for safety and performance. Enjoy commercial quality privacy panels backed by Bush Business Furniture's 10-Year Warranty.
- Divide and organize individual work areas: ProPanels combine the convenience of pre-packaged work areas and are easy to order and install. Customization is a cinch with this selection of workspace sizes and layout options. Reduce your set-up and move-in t
- Workspace solution made for collaboration: It's easy to manage personal space in settings that need multiple workstations with ProPanels from Bush Business Furniture. Enjoy convenient individual workspaces providing privacy and minimizing everyday distractions.
- Easy, affordable open offices add value to your business: You can balance cost with flexibility, growth and office expansion. These creative modular workspace groupings are designed to fit your office space, plus work with your existing furniture. Simple
- Designed to shape your work environments: ProPanels provide a collection of modular open office packages ideal for cubicle settings, including call centers, data entry and IT staff, light industrial settings, temporary job centers and more. Enjoy long la
- About Bush Business Furniture: Our total turnkey solution has everything you need for hassle-free furniture buying. With the right products and services, we ensure you get great furniture fast, easily, and affordably.
- Desk constructed of durable thermally fused laminate work surfaces for superior resistance to scratches and stains
- Desk conceals cords and cables with integrated wire management for technology compatibility
- Mobile Pedestal features two box drawers for supplies and one file drawer to organize documents
- File drawer accommodates letter, legal or A4-sized file sizes and opens on full extension slides for easy reach
- Lock on pedestal secures lower and center drawer for added security
- Dual-wheeled, hooded casters: two swivel and two fixed allows pedestal to roll under Desk or use free floating
- Panel interiors made with rigid engineered-wood with a combination of hardboard/corrugated interiors
- 3/4 inch space under panel to floor with levelers fully inserted
- Meets ANSI/BIFMA standards for safety and performance
Assembled Depth: 49.939
Assembled Height: 66.83
Assembled Width: 37.919
Component Material: Hardboard, Fabric, Steel, Plastic
Country of Origin: China2
Shipping Policy
Shipping Method = Factory Direct:
- The item ships direct from the manufacturer.
- Item Ships in 5-7 business days
- Item Delivered in 6-12 business days
Shipping Method = Quick Ship:
- The item ships from our closest distribution center with stock.
- Item Ships in 1 business day
- Item Delivered in 1-5 business days
Return Policy
Shipping Method = Factory Direct:
- The item is nonreturnable
- Item or Parts will be replaced if item does not arrive in New Condition
- Damages and Defects must be reported within 48 hours of delivery
Shipping Method = Quick Ship:
- The item is returnable under full return policy


text:
!BANG! TV Report – My First Student of Professional Wrestling
By Dory Funk Jr.
Jumbo Tsuruta is the only wrestler ever outside the family to master the spinning toe hold, and is the only one who can throw the same fore arm smash every bit as hard as I do. His moves were so perfect that we did a special slow motion production of his three best suplexes, belly to belly, German suplex, and double arm suplex to use as an open for the television show in the Amarillo Territory.
Jumbo Tsuruta was sent to Amarillo by All Japan Pro-Wrestling President Giant Baba to train for professional wrestling. Jumbo was my first student.
Even though his time in Amarillo was short, Tsuruta made many friends who never forgot his kindness.. He learned everything by just doing it. He told me his English was not so good and he really didn't want to do interviews. I told him, you must do interviews, you are going to be interviewed and the announcer is going to ask you about your opponent, "You must say something."
Tsuruta's interview went like this. "I know my opponent has a good heart, and I have a good heart too. I am going to do my best."
Jumbo was wrestling our top heel Sputnik Monroe who had just said, "I will punch his lights out. I will whup that puke just like eatin' boardin' house pie." I don't know what boardin' house pie is, but Sputnik was always going to whup somebody that way.
People in Amarillo loved Tsuruta for his sincerity, athletic ability, and kindness. He didn't have a bad word to say about anybody and his skills in the ring were unmatched. In his first year in professional wrestling, Tsuruta became a top star in the United States, something accomplished by only a few Japanese wrestlers including Giant Baba and the current President of All Japan Pro Wrestling, Great Muta.
*** "C'mon Junior let's go, we got 17,000 people waiting for us out there and millions of Japanese wrestling fans watching their TV at home, c'mon let's go!!"
We were in Japan and it was time for Terry and I to go to the ring to face my Boss, Giant Baba and my first student in professional wrestling, Jumbo Tsuruta.
The complete match is now online at http://www.dory-funk.com –
The next !BANG! TV Taping comes to Funking Conservatory Wrestling Saturday July 30th, Support Your Troops 68, Blood Sweat and Tears. For ticket information, call 352-895-4658.
If you would like to become a professional wrestler and appear weekly on !BANG! TV and Premium !BANG! TV, Call now 352-895-4658 or visit http://www.dory-funk.com
Dory Funk Jr. is the Coach of Funking Conservatory Wrestling and Trainer of WWE, TNA, NXT and Japanese wrestling talent.
Category: Wrestling.
Tags: Dory Funk Jr. !BANG!.


text:
VOIP is another one of those computer acronyms that stands for Voice Over Internet Protcol. It is a application that is mushrooming greatly quickly, and the capital aim for that is that it is helping both residential consumers and commercial regulars to prevention notes.
You really do not have need of to cognise how VOIP plant to use it, but in that are whichever incredibly original holding you have need of to become conscious. First of all, if you impoverishment to use a VOIP pay for your domicile or business, the VOIP resource naturally assumes that you earlier have a firm and dependable highspeed Internet relation. The highspeed Internet association is REQUIRED for VOIP service, but the VOIP provision itself does not embrace the highspeed Internet.
For nest use, that could be wire Internet or it may perhaps be residential DSL. But whichever of those it is, data the keywords I in use above: stable and straight. Many residential highspeed Internet interactions are neither steady nor are they stabile. If that is the grip next to your highspeed Internet connection, past you have two choices: (1) get a contrasting highspeed Internet resource that DOES bestow a sturdy and trusty connection, or (2) inhibit buying for VOIP services, because it will not work fit near an wobbly and devious highspeed Internet tie.Post ads:
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In fact, studies have shown that in much than 95% of the cases wherever patrons have called to find fault active the superior of their VOIP services, the hitch has been near the highspeed Internet connection, and NOT with the VOIP resource.
The plea for this is that VOIP makes and receives receiver calls exploitation your highspeed Internet association. Obviously, if that link is neither dependable nor stable, your VOIP provision and voice prime on that hail as is active to suffer.
What if your highspeed Internet relation is satellite? A outer highspeed Internet bond is not recommended for swell VOIP provision. Most outer services have a unit of time bandwidth limitation, and if you do markedly calling at all, you will promising outdistance that monthly restriction next to VOIP rather in a flash. But even if you do not do much calling, the lag time to go to the outer and back, which is referred to as the latency time, is active to product VOIP incredibly difficult, and you will not be euphoric with it.Post ads:
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Remember I talked something like the "reliable" aspect of your highspeed Internet connection? For old age and years, you have grown wont to to quick-eared a dial lowness when you picked up the electronic equipment to take home a call, and that has been particularly straight. But if your highspeed Internet joint goes down, so does your knack to be paid or receive telephone set calls.
If you do have a sure and stabilized highspeed Internet connection, at hand is no object not to wonder about installation VOIP in a jiffy. You can even retract your active receiver procession next to the phone joint venture after you get VOIP installed, if you privation to. That receiver rank next to the telephone people is probably costing you astir $25 per month, and that is fair for face manner of speaking and possibly area calls, but for sure no accompanying features similar sightseer ID and soundly no perennial divorce job.
By comparison, maximum VOIP provision strategy permit you to take home untrammeled amounts of area and protracted coldness calls inside the europe US, and whichever besides see Canada and even Puerto Rico. They as well normally list additional features at no additional cost, such as voice mail, caller ID, calling waiting, and more. And all that yet costs on all sides $25 per month, the very as you were paid for newly dial manner of speaking next to the phone company!
The economic science of it are there, and you are likely active to have highspeed Internet anyway, so it's example to scrutinize out the possibilities and start in on conversation minus alarming going on for the outlay of occupation your sister in Seattle and your parent in Denver!


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There isn't always time to plan out every recipe, write down the ingredients and method, and take photos. Sometimes cooking needs to be quick, and the results aren't always photogenic! So this page will list some of the daily cooking that turns up great flavour combinations. It may be something that's been shopped for with an idea of a dish in mind, or a total 'what's left in the fridge' moment… And it'll help us to remember when we've cooked a great dish, that it needs to be worked up into a proper recipe!
A lot of the dishes featured on this page have been made to be eaten cold as lunch at work, it can really make the day seem brighter if there's something interesting and delicious for lunch!
Friday 2nd January 2015
Roasted vegetables and rice with a maple soy yoghurt dressing.
The dressing was made with plain soy yoghurt, garlic, dried basil and marjoram, lemon juice, maple syrup, and salt and pepper.
Saturday 3rd January 2015
Smoky lentil soup with spinach and butternut squash.
The spinach and butternut squash were from the freezer, and the smoky flavour came from this liquid smoke.
Sunday 4th January 2015
Cous cous salad with roast brussel sprouts, cauliflower and peppers, and cranberry balsamic dressing.
The cous cous was a gluten free one from asda, it has a lovely toasty flavour.
Yellow split pea and butternut squash curry.
The split peas were simmered in vegetable stock with garam masala, ginger, and garlic and lemongrass spice drops. Then roasted butternut squash and plain soy yoghurt were stirred through at the end.
Monday 5th January 2015
Green lentils, courgette, mushrooms, and basil. With mustard molasses tempeh, and barbeque almonds.
I'd cooked the lentils with some onion in my rice cooker a few weeks ago and frozen them. They stir fried brilliantly, and didn't lose too much texture. The barbeque almonds are from Lidl.