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Origins and Significance
The proposed Douglaston Hill Historic District, located in northeastern Queens (a borough of New York City) near the border with Nassau County, is significant in the area of community planning and development and as an example of a turn-of-the-century suburb. The district consists of substantial single-family homes, multi-family apartment buildings, commercial buildings, a small park and a church and cemetery. It is architecturally noteworthy for its many fine examples of late nineteenth and early twentieth century styles including Colonial Revival, Queen Anne, Shingle Style, Tudor Revival, Prairie Style and American Craftsman designs.
In its park-like setting, architectural expression and social history, Douglaston Hill is representative of the evolution of the commuter suburb. Within that context, the Hill, which developed over a period of eighty years, can be interpreted both as a precursor to the planned suburban enclaves of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (such as the adjacent Douglas Manor and the renowned Forest Hills Gardens) and as evidence of the speculative suburban development which remade the borough of Queens in the 1920s and 1930s.
The transformation of Queens from colonial villages to estates and small farms to commuter suburbs is typical of American settlement patterns in many parts of the country. The dramatic spatial change that this pattern of growth brought about -- and the parallel development of a quintessential American lifestyle -- were due to several factors. Rapid advances in transportation, particularly the steam railroad in the first half of the nineteenth century, made long-distance commuting possible. New levels of personal wealth following the Civil War, coupled with the pervasive cultural values of mainstream Victorian society, gave rise to a middle class that embraced virtues of domesticity, home ownership and life in a sylvan setting.1 These values were made manifest in the commuter suburb, a distinct form of community building which places the single-family house in a non-urban setting, convenient to the city by rail.
By 1939 the Federal Writers' Project New York City Guide had designated Queens the "borough of homes," a result of some fifty years of intensive speculative, mostly suburban, housing development.2 This development had its roots in planned developments of the 1870s and was greatly accelerated by the consolidation of New York City in 1898 -- specifically by the public transportation improvements, large-scale middle-class migration and public works it brought to the new Borough of Queens.3
Within the boundaries of Douglaston Hill today, this history of community planning and development, from the 1850s to the 1930s, can be read in the district's topography, layout, architectural expression and historic street names. The boundaries of the proposed Historic District encompass that section of the Hill which retains a relatively high level of integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association.
Regional Development
By the mid-1600s, several English and Dutch colonial towns had been established in what is now northeastern Queens. The settlers farmed and raised livestock in and around Mespat (Maspeth), founded in 1642, Vlissingen (Flushing), founded in 1643, and Jamaica, founded in 1650.4 Colonial settlement along the northeastern shore began near Alley Pond in 1647, and a decade later when, in 1656, the Dutch assigned to Thomas Hicks a peninsula then called "Little Madman's Neck," which encompassed much of present-day Douglaston. Hicks is best remembered for his "eviction" of the Matinecoc Indian tribe from its fishing grounds on Little Neck Bay in the 1660s.5
By 1683, when Queens County was established as one of ten English counties, these colonial settlements were thriving villages. The county was then divided into five "towns": Newtown, Jamaica, Flushing, Hempstead, and Oyster Bay.6 The Alley Pond settlement (including present-day Douglaston lay within the town of Flushing. Farming was the primary use of the land, with a few large families the predominant property owners. The years prior to the Revolutionary War saw more estates built in the area, including the Cornelius Van Wyck House of 1735 (located within today's Douglas Manor and a designated New York City Landmark).
Most residents of Queens were loyal to the British throughout the Revolution. Consequently, the county was under British occupation for seven years, serving as a major staging ground for British troops; and after the war, as a staging ground for the evacuation of loyalists. By the war's end in 1783, the county's once extensive tracts of primeval forest had been devastated and many farms pillaged by British soldiers.7
Recovery and growth were slow in the first half of the nineteenth century, but transportation improvements led the way for future settlements. Six turnpikes were built in the 1810s, improving farmers' access to urban markets, and the Long Island Railroad began running from Brooklyn to Jamaica, Queens in 1836. The 1850s and 1860s saw large numbers of working class German and Irish immigrants settle in the industrial sections of western Queens; at the same time the "gold coast" of the north shore began to be a haven for the country homes of wealthy New Yorkers, along the coasts of Ravenswood, Flushing, Bayside and Douglaston, and into present-day Nassau County.
The Civil War catalyzed another wave of development and settlement in the 1860s and 1870s, when a number of large farms were transformed to development sites and whole villages were laid out. Richmond Hill (1869), Long Island City (1872), Bayside (1872) and South Flushing (1873) were all created in this way. In the decades leading up to the 1898 consolidation of the City of New York, most areas of Queens which were accessible were being developed.8
Two major public works were completed in the first decade after consolidation: the Queensborough Bridge opened in 1909; and the Pennsylvania Railroad completed tunnels under the East River in 1910. Rapid access for the masses brought increased industrialization and intensive housing development, and by 1930 the borough's population had quadrupled and the assessed real estate value had multiplied sixfold.9
Origins of Douglaston Hill
In 1813 the peninsula estate on Little Neck Bay passed to prominent New Yorker Wynant Van Zandt III. Van Zandt had been an Alderman of New York City and a Vestryman of Manhattan's Trinity Church before retiring to Little Neck as a gentleman farmer. He built a large mansion in 1819 (which survives as the Douglaston Club, and is a designated New York City Landmark).10 When Van Zandt arrived at Little Neck, there existed a community of gentlemen farmers, small "truck" farmers, merchants, artisans and oystermen. Its center was the Alley Pond settlement, considered in local histories to be the birthplace of Bayside, Douglaston and Little Neck. The narrow roadway that ran along Alley Pond was the primary route from Flushing to points east; thus the first Flushing post office was located at the Alley in the 1820s. The post office, along with a mill (dating to the 1750s), a blacksmith shop and a general store (dating to 1821) became the village common -- from which farm produce and wood were shipped to New York.11
Van Zandt took an active interest in the civic affairs of the community centered around Alley Pond. In 1824, he financed the construction of a causeway across the marsh, creating a more direct and efficient route to Flushing.12 His deepest impression on the Douglaston area was his bequest, made in 1829, of land upon which to build a church and funds with which to build it.
For some years, Van Zandt had driven to Christ Church at Cow Neck (now Manhasset, Long Island), where his brother-in-law served as Rector. At that Rector's transfer out of the Cow Neck parish, Van Zandt conspired to build a church for Little Neck. More than twenty men pledged further funds, and less wealthy members of the community pledged their labor, including a local painter and blacksmith, along with farm boys who made shingles. Zion Episcopal Church was dedicated in 1830 by Bishop William Henry Hobart of the Protestant Episcopal Church of New York. Bloodgood Haviland Cutter, known as the "Long Island Farmer Poet," remembers the church construction as a young boy:
"When the church frame was completed, I remember a great preparation was made to raise the frame A great many gathered and helped raise our Zion frame In the evening we had a good old-time feast with great rejoicing for the success in getting up the frame without accident. That was kept up till late at night."
Since its inception, Zion has served in the tradition of the 18th-century New England Meetinghouse, as a center of religious and social activity for a far-flung community of farmers. Land for Zion's cemetery was donated in 1834 and again in 1885. (This original building was destroyed by fire in 1924 and rebuilt shortly thereafter.)13
A few years after the death of Wynant Van Zandt in 1831, the Van Zandt family sold its estate. The waterfront peninsula portion of the property (what was to become Douglas Manor) was sold to George Douglas, described in the deed of sale as a "Gentleman."14 The portion to the south, encompassing what was to become Douglaston Hill, was sold in 1834 to Joseph DeForest. DeForest sold the hill property one year later to Cortland Van Beuren, who sold it in 1843 to local farmer Jeremiah Lambertson. Lambertson held the property intact until 1853, when he laid it out in lots in an urban grid and sold them at auction.
George Douglas held the peninsula property until 1862, when at his death, his son William P. Douglas inherited the estate. In the tradition of gentleman farmer, William was active in local affairs, at Zion Church, as well as in supporting community-wide improvements. During William's tenure, up to the 1906 sale of his estate for subdivision, this rural village began its transformation to suburban enclave.
The transformation began with the subdivision and sale of the Lambertson property in 1853. While little is known of Lambertson, the nature of the sale indicates that he was likely banking on the coming railroad to ensure a successful land venture. The Flushing & Northside Railroad extended to the Village of Flushing in 1854, and as far as Great Neck, presently Nassau County, Long Island, in 1866.15
On February 15, 1853, the Flushing Journal reported that a party of 16 persons arriving by omnibus had purchased the farm of Jeremiah Lambertson, with the intent of building 16 country seats upon it. Property deed records show that title was transferred on July 23 and 27, 1853, from Lambertson to 18 buyers, with most buyers purchasing three and four lots each.16 These lots had been laid out in generous 200' x 200' lots, set amid a street grid within the natural boundaries of the Alley Pond and Udall's Cove marshes. The streets were named for trees, e.g., Pine, Cherry, Poplar, Willow.17 No country seats were built however, and the land remained mostly vacant until the turn of the century.
The Suburban Development Context
Because the Douglaston Hill subdivision was one of the earliest in northeastern Queens (Woodside and Bayside, both earlier stops on the Flushing & Northside Railroad, were not laid out until 1867 and 1872 respectively) its fifty-year evolution from mapped lots to built form provides a window onto how the commuter suburb developed as a physical and psychological manifestation of American middle class values.
While Lambertson created a new locale with his subdivision, it is relatively clear that he did so as a speculator. Nevertheless, one important context for its development was the nascent movement among landscape artisans and architects to create naturalistic compositions of rural residential enclaves connected to the city by rail. The ideas of a new and distinct form of community planning had their origins in the garden city movement of England of the 1820s, wherein the characteristics of rural, domestically-centered preindustrial environments were consciously incorporated into new towns.
These ideas were becoming more widely known around the time of Lambertson's sale.
It is widely held that their first expression in the United States was in the picturesque semi-rural cemeteries created in the 1830s. The popularity of these cemeteries with city dwellers turned them into parks and picnic grounds. Many early suburban residential projects incorporated design elements of the cemeteries, such as contrived naturalistic landscape and street names evoking natural features.18
By mid-century, a group of writers and designers had created a "cult of domesticity," proclaiming the moral virtues of family, home ownership and semi-rural dwelling. Catherine Beecher's widely read Treatise on Domestic Economy (1841), and Andrew Jackson Downing's A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening (1841), were among the first books to offer house plans, and argue that gardens and home ownership were key to harmonious family life. Widely read, these books were instrumental in formulating the American domestic ideal.19 Consequently, they were influential in the development of the suburb, a phenomenon which architect and scholar Robert A. M. Stern has described as "...a complex embodiment of American aspirations deeply rooted in the national psyche."20 By the 1850s, many of Downing's principles were being expressed in the suburban developments created by his partner Calvert Vaux, architect Alexander Jackson Davis, and landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted.
In 1853, Davis and developer Llewellyn Haskell created Llewellyn Park, New Jersey, the first American suburb. Twelve miles from Manhattan, it was a 350-acre development with a strip of common parkland, curving streets, a consistent architectural expression and a pastoral landscape. Llewellyn Park embodied the essence of what would become the characteristic suburb, but for the fact that it was several miles from a railroad station and thus impractical for all but the very wealthy.21
The creation of Riverside, Illinois -- by developer E. E. Childs and designers Olmsted and Vaux in 1869 -- brought the element of accessible transportation to bear on the suburban ideal. Childs' notion that a rural retreat must be convenient and community-oriented resulted in the creation of a town center around the railroad station, establishing the basic premise of suburban enclaves. Riverside incorporated development stipulations to protect its character, especially to ensure "both the town's appearance of affluent spaciousness and a general visual coherence by keeping landscaped areas primary."22 These included stipulations on how a house could be sited, and a minimum lot size of 100' x 200'.
No direct evidence links the subdivision of the Lambertson property in Queens to the emerging ideas about suburban living. Still, the development history and the physical environment in place today reflect period responses to Victorian design principles and social values -- and the budding suburban ideal.
The Lambertson subdivision only slightly interrupted the existing village community's organic growth. The Hill's core development occurred some fifty years later, between 1900 and 1930. Douglaston Hill became a suburban enclave in form, but unlike many later suburban developments, which ensured homogeneity via restrictive covenants, Douglaston Hill maintained its mixed economic and racial composition for many years.
Community Development Context
At the time of the 1853 subdivision, Zion Church was twenty years old. The village at Alley Pond was a shipping and trading hub, its general store providing an immense variety goods "from a needle to an anchor." And the community of oystermen (many of whom were African American) was thriving, with more than a dozen sloops and schooners operating on Little Neck Bay at the foot of Old House Landing Road (now Little Neck Parkway).23
In 1867 the Flushing Railroad reached the Little Neck area, introducing an era of more rapid change. William Douglas donated a farm building from his estate to serve as the railroad station; in exchange, he asked that the station and the village around it be called Douglaston.24 In 1887, Douglas and resident subscribers funded a Queen Anne-style depot building and landscaping at the new Douglaston station. Popular postmaster and gardener Albert Benz directed the landscaping project.25
The arrival of the railroad greatly reduced time to the city, but the trip still required taking a ferry from Long Island City, Queens to Manhattan. Douglaston remained relatively isolated, slowly attracting new residents. In April 1887, just prior to the Hill's key period of growth, the Flushing Journal reported on the community's idyllic setting: "Possessing all of the requisite features which tend to make a place of sojourn acceptable, Douglaston, indeed, is the elysium of restfulness and peace. From the old curbed wells that can be found in the yards of most of the farm houses to the stately trees that line the drives leading to the same -- everything smacks of rural life in its most pleasing form."26
Late nineteenth-century newspaper reports of activities at Zion Church and other civic affairs reveal the gradual introduction of newcomers and new ways of life into that "elysium of restfulness and peace." The death in 1887 of Zion's Rector Rev. Henry M. Beare marked the end of an era. Having served the parish for forty-five years, Rev. Beare was "widely known throughout the state, and in his own parish he was almost worshipped by his flock."27 He was one of only a few Little Neck residents known beyond the immediate community. "Long Island Farmer Poet" Bloodgood Cutter, one of Little Neck's more picturesque citizens, was another -- best known as a friend and travel companion of Mark Twain's.28 By the time of Cutter's death in 1906, new residents -- both permanent and seasonal -- were introducing a more prominent, middle class commuter population into this secluded hamlet community.
In the first decade of the twentieth century, frequent reports by the Flushing newspapers record the comings and goings of seasonal residents as well as house construction for permanent newcomers. These included a bank clerk, a cigar maker, a well-known dentist (whose family resided in Douglaston for two "seasons" before purchasing property), an active suffragette, a composer of popular song, the general manager of Pittsburgh Steel interests in New York, and a prominent Manhattan physician.29
Census records from 1900, 1910 and 1920 show a range of occupational categories for Douglaston Hill -- from professions such as chemist, lawyer, teacher, banker, builder, jeweler, merchant, post office and railroad stationmaster to laborers such as blacksmith, mason, shoemaker, domestic, factory worker and laundress. Several families of African American oystermen are listed in these Census records.
This community of black oystermen had existed in Little Neck, some as property owners, since the 1850s. While their homes were located outside the Lambertson subdivision (most along Orient Avenue near the dock at Old House Landing Road), they contributed to community life. Upon the death of oysterman Jacob Treadwell (1833-1904), the Flushing Daily Times reported "He was a well known character in and about Douglaston, where he has been a life long resident" This community's church on Orient Avenue, St. Peter's African Methodist Episcopal Church, was active for over 100 years: founded in 1872, the church building on Orient Avenue held services until the late 1980s. The Hill's major period of development coincided with the oystermen's decline, following the 1909 condemnation of polluted Little Neck oyster beds.30 While their numbers substantially decreased in the early years of the twentieth century, several ancestors resided in Douglaston for many more years.
The early years of the Hill's development were led by a small group of men, whose actions as realtors, builders and home owners shaped the community both physically and socially. William J. Hamilton, Denis O'Leary, W. R. Griffiths and John Stuart were among the first to begin building within the Hill area, and they were prominent residents during the first decades of the twentieth century.
Between 1890 and 1908 six lots were developed by William and Josephine Hamilton, including their own at 240-35 43rd Avenue (Block 8106/Lot 69). Their undertaking began at the turn of the century, when they bought and sold two of the Hill's original 200' x 200' lots (which had been held by only two owners since 1853). By 1908 William J. Hamilton was recorded as owner and architect/builder for four houses, and was recorded as owner of two others. In his brother's obituary in 1907, Hamilton was described as the "well-known builder of Douglaston."31
Like Hamilton, John Stuart was the architect/builder of record for at least three houses during the Hill's early years, and his building plans were noted in the local newspapers.32 Both Hamilton and Stuart are memorialized by street names in the neighborhood -- Stuart Lane and Hamilton Place, and Stuart's descendants have been active builders/developers into the present day, including current renovation projects currently underway in the Hill.
In 1898 and 1901 Mrs. William J. Hamilton sold two adjacent 200' x 200' lots (numbers 94 and 89, respectively) to Mrs. Denis O'Leary.33 The O'Leary's ultimately shared Lot 94 with the Hamiltons -- nearly identical houses were built in 1901 on the equally divided lot. The O'Leary's subdivided and developed Lot 89, building four houses on four 50' x 200' lots in 1903. Denis and Eleanor O'Leary lived in Douglaston Hill from c. 1901 to c. 1943 (Denis O'Leary died in 1943). Their two daughters remained in Douglaston Hill through the 1950s, living in separate houses across 43rd Avenue from their childhood home.
Denis O'Leary was typical of an early suburban commuter. A prominent attorney and politician, he was active in civic affairs within and outside Douglaston Hill. He served as Assistant Corporation Counsel for New York City, Public Works Commissioner, Queens County District Attorney and U.S. Congressman. Locally, he was a founding officer of the Douglaston Hose Company No. 1, officiating at many of its social functions at Zion Parish Hall, sometimes in the company of New York City Mayor Jimmy Walker. And he was active in numerous charitable and fraternal organizations, including the Shinnecock Democratic Club of Flushing (President), the Flushing Council (President), the Catholic Benevolent Legion, and Holy Name Society of Sacred Heart Church, among others. (Denis O'Leary may have been part of the founding meetings of St. Anastasia Roman Catholic Church, at the home of Otillie and Adolph Helmus at 240-16 43rd Avenue (then Pine Street) in 1915. Masses, baptisms and church meetings were held in this home while the congregation was being officially formed.)
Similarly, attorney W. R. Griffiths was typical of the new resident. Frequently cited by the newspapers as the attorney for real estate transactions within the Douglaston Hill district, Griffiths was committed to civic affairs in and beyond Douglaston. He was an officer of local Republican clubs, such as the Roosevelt & Fairbanks Campaign Club, and devoted many years to the public works of the United Civic Associations of the Borough of Queens. He was a vestryman at Zion, and led several community improvements such as maintenance of the salt meadows and ornamental tree plantings near the train station.34
The development of a community connected to the city at large is also illustrated in the founding and continuity of the Douglaston Art League in 1930, and still active today (now known as the National Art League, located at 44-21 Douglaston Parkway). The League was founded by Mrs. Arthur Sullivan and Miss Helen Chase - sisters and daughters of New York painter William Merritt Chase - along with other residents and north shore artists who were "interested in arousing amore general appreciation of art in the community and in providing a means for practical development of individual talents."35 Architect Aubrey Grantham (Zion Episcopal Church) was among the founders. The League's early exhibits and classes were held in the backroom of a beauty shop and its second show was exhibited in the Parish Hall of Zion Church.
The period from 1900 to 1930 was one of enormous growth for the borough of Queens, and for Douglaston. Writing in 1936, Zion's Rev. Lester Leake Riley remarked on the results of that growth: "By 1910 the old farms are disappearing, the old landmarks fade away, or are hidden behind these Tudor makeshift fronts, the mart of our busy shops and stores. By 1920 our village assumes an air of suburban dignity."36 Approximately 2,000 people lived in Douglaston-Little Neck in 1920. Just ten years later the area's population was 8,000, and Douglaston Hill was fully developed.37
Published Material
- Federal Writer's Project in New York City. New York City Guide, New York: Random House, 1939.
- Duncan, Ruth. Douglaston - Little Neck. A history. Queens Borough Public Library Bulletin, No. 647, April 1, 1939.
- History of Queens County, New York, with Illustrations, Portraits & Sketches. New York: Press of George Macnamara. W.W. Munsell & Co., 1882.
- Jackson, Kenneth T. Crabgrass Frontier: the suburbanization of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.
- ., ed. Encyclopedia of New York. New Haven: Yales University Press, 1995.
- Peterson, A. Everett. Landmarks of New York, Bayside Douglaston Little Neck Histoty, with map. Plate No. 34, New York: 1923.
- Riley, Lester Leake. The Chronicle of Little Neck and Douglaston, Lon Island. Little Neck-Douglaston Division of the Long Island Tercentenary Commemoration of Queens, 1936.
- Seyfried, Vincent. Queens, A Pictorial History. Norfold, VA: The Donning Company, 1982.
- Seyfried, Vincent, & William Asadorian. Old Queens, New York. In Early Photographs. New York: Dover Publications, 1991.
- Shodell, Elly. Cross Currents. (Baymen, Yachtsmen, and Long Island Waters. 1930s-1990s). Port Washington: Public Library, 1993.
- Stern, Robert A. M. Pride of Place. New York: American Heritage, 1986.
- Von Skal, George. Illustrated History of the Borough of Queens. New York: F. T. Smiley Publishing Co., NYC, 1908.
Municipal Records
- Landbooks of the Townships of Flushing, Queens County Registrar's Office, Jamaica, Queens, NY from 1701 to 1936, Grantees and Grantors.
- Building Department, Queens County, City of New York, Queens Blvd., Kew Gardens, NY, Building Permit Files.
- Map of athe Village of Marathon, At the Head of Little Neck Bay, Filed July 23, 1853. On file at the Office of the Queens County Registrar's Office, Jamaica, Queens, NY, Volume 23, Pages 30 & 31.
Published Material
- Federal Writer's Project in New York City. New York City Guide, New York: Random House, 1939.
- Duncan, Ruth. Douglaston - Little Neck. A history. Queens Borough Public Library Bulletin, No. 647, April 1, 1939.
- History of Queens County, New York, with Illustrations, Portraits & Sketches. New York: Press of George Macnamara. W.W. Munsell & Co., 1882.
- Jackson, Kenneth T. Crabgrass Frontier: the suburbanization of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.
- ., ed. Encyclopedia of New York. New Haven: Yales University Press, 1995.
- Peterson, A. Everett. Landmarks of New York, Bayside Douglaston Little Neck Histoty, with map. Plate No. 34, New York: 1923.
- Riley, Lester Leake. The Chronicle of Little Neck and Douglaston, Lon Island. Little Neck-Douglaston Division of the Long Island Tercentenary Commemoration of Queens, 1936.
- Seyfried, Vincent. Queens, A Pictorial History. Norfold, VA: The Donning Company, 1982.
- Seyfried, Vincent, & William Asadorian. Old Queens, New York. In Early Photographs. New York: Dover Publications, 1991.
- Shodell, Elly. Cross Currents. (Baymen, Yachtsmen, and Long Island Waters. 1930s-1990s). Port Washington: Public Library, 1993.
- Stern, Robert A. M. Pride of Place. New York: American Heritage, 1986.
- Von Skal, George. Illustrated History of the Borough of Queens. New York: F. T. Smiley Publishing Co., NYC, 1908.
Municipal Records
- Landbooks of the Townships of Flushing, Queens County Registrar's Office, Jamaica, Queens, NY from 1701 to 1936, Grantees and Grantors.
- Building Department, Queens County, City of New York, Queens Blvd., Kew Gardens, NY, Building Permit Files.
- Map of athe Village of Marathon, At the Head of Little Neck Bay, Filed July 23, 1853. On file at the Office of the Queens County Registrar's Office, Jamaica, Queens, NY, Volume 23, Pages 30 & 31.
- ARCHAELOGY. Vol. 32, No. 4, Jul/Aug. 1979, Page 36. Prehistoric Settlement In New York City. Discussion of projectile points found in the Little Neck Bay area.
- SUNDAY NEWS. 9/15/1974. Douglas Manor Born in Odd Manner, by Thomas Collins.
- NEW YORK HERALD. April 18, 1901. RECTOR GIVES IN AT LAST TO BISHOP.
- FLUSHING DAILY TIMES. June 6; July 9,10,11, 1903; January 21; March 3,6; June 16, 1904.
- FLUSHING JOURNAL. June 18, 1887; June 20, 1903; July 16, 1904.
- FLUSHING DAILY TIMES. November 10, 1906. Douglaston Woman Very Courageous.
- LITTLE NECK LEDGER, THE. How Little Neck Got Its Name. August 31, 1989.
- NEWSDAY. October 20, 1994. Early Settlers Prospered in Little Neck, by Loys Gubernick.
- Queens COURIER, THE. 10th Anniversary Issue. May 18, 1995, Douglaston, by Jeff Berman.
Maps, Charts and Atlases
- Atlas of Long Island, New York, Part 2. New York: Deers, Comstock & Cline, 1873.
- Atlas of Queens County, Plate 29, New York: Chester Wolverton, 1891.
- Hyde Atlas, Page 21. Village of Marathon, Map 223, updated, 1902.
- Atlas of the Borough of Queens. E. Belcher Hyde, Brooklyn, NY: 1904.
- Atlas of City of New York. Borough of Queens. Page 30. Philadelphia, PA: G. W. Bromlye & Co., 1909.
Private Publications
- A Brief History of Zion Episcopal Church. Douglaston, New York: Zion Episcopal Church, 1992.
- Bayside Historical Society. The Sylvan Alley, 1989.
- Douglaston Hose Co. No. 1. Program: Minstrel Entertainment, February 16, 1920.
- Douglaston Hose Co. No. 1. History of Douglaston Hose Company No. 1. Douglaston, NY: November 30, 1929.
- Fowler, George C. & Ernestine H. Through the Years in Little Neck and Douglaston. 1963.
- New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. Douglaston Historic District Designation Report, 1997.
- Reed, Edward. The 50th Anniversary of Douglas Manor, A Brief History. 1956.
- St. Anastasia R. C. Church. Dinner-Dance Program. Douglaston, NY, November 18, 1988.
Private Periodicals
- Between Ourselves. Vol. XIV, No.8. August, 1931. Douglaston Club Monthly.
- Manor Matters. Fall 1989, Page 5. Douglas Manor Association.


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It's such a pain when you wake up to find blemishes on your face especially acne because you know your hands can't stop itself from pressing it together and leaving scars, so what do you do to prevent breakouts?
There are certainly so many steps that you can take to avoid acne breakouts daily because breakouts are sometimes caused by the things we do, use or eat…
You Wake Up To Acne Daily? You Should Try This Few Tips, you should try some expert tips on how to avoid and get rid of acne;.
- Someone once told me that black people didn't need protection from the sun because we had thick skin, they said it was an "oyinbo" thing to use sunscreen but skin cancer and irritation does not know the color of skin. Some acne break outs are as a result of the sun so dab on sunscreen before you leave the house.
- We ladies love our makeup, we have in short dedicated a box to house all our products and supplies, one of such include the brushes. Brushes harbour dirt's and bacteria and so when we use these brushes and foam for a long time without washing them they cause breakouts. Therefore you should wash your brushes once every week with shampoo to avoid acne.
3. There are some products that are tested but one that is both tested and trusted is the retinol. Retinol supports skin efficacy and helps with your skin cell turnover. It has anti-inflammatory effects and that's why it works for acne and anti-aging purposes.
4. We see people with glowing skin and we wonder why we have to suffer breakouts; well do you exfoliate? Getting rid of the dead skin cells give ways to a new one. So bring out that scrub and exfoliate once or twice a week.
5. Another thing that can cause breakouts is when we sleep in our makeup. I get that you are extremely tired but wiping down your face would do more good than harm however if you leave your makeup on your skin you are only giving way to acne palava.
This are just a few tips on how to deal with acne I hope you've length a thing or two.

subset: commoncrawl


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Shipping costs are fixed, so if your purchase is near the limit for your shipment to be free, we recommend adding one of the cheaper products of the store, up to the amount specified and thus save the shipping costs, which are:
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Dare to Know
A blog which is mainly about home educating in the UK.
Saturday, May 17, 2014
More on the Northern Ireland Situation
The background and current situation regarding the proposed new policy on Home Education is lucidly explained in
this guest post
by Sarah Dickenson on Sometimes it's Peaceful. Great way to get up to speed.
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Basic Planetary Interaction
Intermediate Planetary Interaction
Youtube Basic PI Guide
The Goal: You have a few million isk laying around. Instead of letting it sit in your wallet why not have it making money for you. The below skills will allow you to start a modest Planetary Interaction(PI) system without breaking the bank or your skill que. But will start paying you back in the long run. PI does have a slow pay back so don't invest if you need the cash on hand soon.
The Skills:
Your industrial ship skill will allow you the cargo space to carry a command center, needed to begin on a planet. A command center takes 1000 m3 of cargo space to carry.
Remote Sensing - gives you the skill to scan planets from the comfort of your home space station. The ability to gather and analyze remote sensing data from satellites in orbit around a planet and produce properly calibrated surveys.
Level 1: allows scans within 1 ly
Level 2: allows scans within 3 ly
Level 3: allows scans within 5 ly
Level 4: allows scans within 7 ly (Roughly 8 to 9 jumps away)
Level 5: allows scans within 9 ly
Interplanetary Consolidation - For each level in this skill, you may install a command center on one additional planet, to a maximum of 6 planets. You can have only one command center per planet. Cannot be trained on Trial Accounts.
Command Center Upgrades - Each level in this skill improves the quality of command facility available to you, in turn allowing for a greater number of connected facilities on that planet. Cannot be trained on Trial Accounts.
The Equipment:
Service Fees:
Variable Launch Fees based on amount of goods being transferred off planet.
Customs Fees in High Sec are 10% for all customs offices. With the Rubicon expansion this will change as you can train a skill that will lower the NPC Custom Fee's to 5%(at level 5) plus player tax if the Customs Office is operated by a player.
Total Costs:
5,631,000 isk (rough estimate) before Customs Fees and Launch Fees. The outline above will give you 3 planets and several command center upgrades to start a modest PI production system.
Time Required:
You can reset production to run for 30 minutes or a week. Depending on your schedule. If you keep your planets close to your home station it will only take a few minutes to fly out to the systems where your planets are to gather your goods.
Other Resources:
UniWiki Planetary Interaction
UniWiki Planetary Commodities - most valuable resource table out there for PI.
EVElopdeia Planetary Interaction
Factory Planet Info
Current PI Product Prices Spreadsheet
30 Day Plantary Interaction Challenge - great guide on maximizing your output with higher PI skills you could reach 134 million isk a month with PI.
Eve Online: Basic PI Video Guide


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Penny Papers Adventures: Skull Island Review with the Game Boy Geek
My review of one of the 3 Penny Paper Adventure Roll & Write games from Sit Down Games. In Skull Island, you'll be creating boats, and trying to intersect them with like numbers to find buried treasure! But watch out for the danger is they could cost you points!
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Winter Specials
Winter is here. You may not be surrounded by mountains filled with snow, but winter nonetheless has something whimsical to offer no matter where you are. Cold weather brings people together, we yearn for warmth,and love, it just seems like time moves a little bit slower than usual.
Winter is a time for awesome sunrises, discovering droplets on the leaves as you venture for a walk, whale watching season is here and time to enjoy the warmth in a local winery and discover our food and wine.
Winter is a truly magical time of year. Yes the nights are long and the days are short, and it can be cold but there is still so much to see and do and Albany. As an incentive we have 2 very special specials for you.
You will love the experience with Albany Whale Tours. A special feature of their tours is that if you are unfortunate enough not to see whales, they will give you a free return voucher until you do see whales . This free return is unlimited in time.
Fish and Chips are from our local Oyster Harbour Store. We think they are the best Fish and Chips in the West. Why not try them for yourselves
Need another excuse?
From the weather and wildlife, to festivals and sports, there are plenty of reasons to visit Albany in the winter, or just to explore some more if you already live here! If you needed more reasons, the food is incredible, the wine is delicious and winter is considered the "off" season, so everything is cheaper and the beaches will be less crowded.
Finally there is books, coffee, rain. What could be a more perfect way to spend a winters day.


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"Sorry, I don't really have any food here. All I have is farm fresh eggs, smoked bacon, toast, English cheddar, and coffee from this French press."
Christopher John Hosmer, you complete me.
This is what Day 1, Zero Hour in Boston looks like. Chris and I are working on Design: the Movie until it's done. If Day 134, Hour 11 looks anything like this, then God is good. But it'll probably look like this.


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$37.95 $131.00
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9-Year-Old Jesse Parkinson's First Snow Season
9-year-old Jesse Parkinson has only been snowboarding for a four months. You read correctly; this is his first snow season. Hailing from the Sunshine Coast, Australia, Jesse is well known as a super grom in the surf. But this season he swapped his surfboard for a snowboard, and he enjoyed every minute of it. His rate of progression is nothing short of astounding and we're certain he has a big future ahead of him.


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Strengthening the bond between mothers and daughters starts with respect.
Archives for May 2014
I wouldn't be a mom without my kid
Kids are curious creatures; they have a way of looking at life without a filter.
One more thing
There is always one more thing to do before something else and not enough time to complete the task.


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Tired of owning gutters that leak every time it rains? Now is the time to buy a seamless gutter system from RainPro of Columbus. With our special offer, we pass the savings on to you. Say goodbye to gutters that stay clogged and overflow! Don't wait any longer to own a durable gutter system with the maximum water flow of six-inch gutters and the appearance of five-inch gutters. Take advantage of our current special offer before it's too late! Contact us today learn more about how much you'll be saving on your replacement gutters.


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The cafe pretty much looks like a closet full of Christmas decorations threw up on it. But the bubble tea and smoothies are great!
Drinking our smoothies over The Onion.
Pressed Cuban Sandwich, $9. Ryan really enjoyed this. In fact he didn't want to go to the bathroom because he was worried they'd take away what was left of the sandwich.
Arugula, Roasted Pear & Goat Cheese Salad with spiced pecans, $6. This salad was delicious. I don't know exactly how they did it, but the combination of flavors with the dressing, pecans, cheese & pear was really tasty. I don't usually love salads, but this one was good.


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I love You…..
Sometimes it is not enough to assume…. there are times you must say and say you must over and over again.. so that you have never have to regret for not having said so…
Darling I love you, for the person you are, for the joy you give me, for the light you bring in, for the smile on my face, for the odd tears (trust me you need that too)… For bringing the best in me… For holding me when I fall and giving me the strength to go ever onward..For being my best of friends and my severest critic and correcting me when ever falter so that I can aspire to be best and for being my biggest inspiration behind cooking a hobby I have learnt to love….
I love you for sitting through my tears and the ever so comforting assurance and believing in me more that myself that I will be "just fine" even when you are not around… When you left 2 months back ( though I know it is only temporary) I felt my world crumbling literally. To the world I was brave with a smile on my face, telling them oh he will be back but my heart knows how much I cried and how much I was torn to see you go.. It was then that you held on to me and said "Nandini I am always there and when ever you are lonely just think of me and there will be a smile on your face and that smile will be mine." Trust me, that statement of yours have kept me going all these days….
Above All I love you for loving me just as I am and I love you for who you are and always have been…. My dear .


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Celebrity(Return to Travel Planning)
Celebrity Cruises iconic X is the mark of modern luxury, with its cool, contemporary design and warm spaces; dining experiences with menus created by James Beard nominated Chefs where the design of the dining venues is as important as the cuisine; and the amazing service that only Celebrity can provide, all created to provide an unmatchable experience for vacationers precious time. In addition to offering vacations visiting all continents, Celebrity also presents immersive cruisetour experiences in Alaska, Australia/New Zealand, Canada, Europe and South America. One of the fastest-growing major cruise lines, Celebrity now has a fleet of 11 ships including five state of the art Solstice class vessels, completely prepared to provide the highest rated Premium experience in the industry.
Contact one of the Largay Travel Specialists today to receive expert guidance and added amenities on your next Celebrity adventure.


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The holidays are filled with anticipation of happiness while enjoying family gatherings, parties, cookie baking, house decorating, music programs, travel, shopping and gifts. For those who have financial worries, relationship difficulties, grief, health concerns or other problems, the sharp contrast can make the season a time of additional stress and sadness.
Even for those not experiencing any serious problems, the extra time needed for holiday-related activities may feel like a new part-time job requiring 20 hours per week — when many people are already rushed, tired and over-extended even before Thanksgiving arrives.
Religious traditions celebrate major events in December and whether it is Christmas, Hanukkah, Kwanzaa, Winter Solstice or Bodhi Day, they share three important teachings: the value and dignity of each person; appreciation for life (the years we have been given); and the importance of giving to others.
For those struggling to keep their balance during the 48 days of Christmas (the week before Thanksgiving through the New Year), these messages can provide focus and support. The end of the year and beginning of the New Year are natural times to explore new spiritual paths or to reconnect and deepen already existing ones.
Zen offers perspectives and tools helpful for appreciating the holidays.
One teaching is to focus upon experiencing each day, rather than over-emphasizing one "big" day or special event during the holiday season. It is easy to become entangled in future thinking, planning and worrying, rather than to appreciate the now.
"The holiday season" is an abstraction, a concept, whereas today's activities are immediate and concrete, providing ample opportunity for satisfaction if we are attuned. Too much anticipation of future events not only detracts from appreciation of today, but also creates unrealistic expectations. We try to give ourselves fully to experiencing each day, whether in holiday season or not, and whether circumstances are favorable or not.
"Do the next thing" is another Zen teaching.
If ideas about how the holidays should be celebrated are held too rigidly, it is easy to be upset when things do not go as planned or hoped. Tradition, memories of Christmases past and too many demands can result in frustration and disappointment.
It is helpful to be flexible and respond naturally. Being free to create new ways of experiencing the holiday season is an important skill, as changes in our life-cycle inevitably will call for change.
Zen is known for valuing simplicity. When gifts and parties are excessive, agitation and greed may be triggered, and we become like the child with too many gifts who opens one, then tosses the toy down to reach for another.
It is important to be able to savor simple pleasures such as a walk on the pier, a cup of seasonal blend coffee, a school holiday concert or getting out the decorations.
Being simple might mean agreements not to exchange gifts, making gifts, spending time with people, doing free things (listening to holiday music, looking at holiday lights). For those who are grieving or in difficult circumstances, limiting activities or participating differently may be the appropriate choice.
Part of the holidays is about giving to those in need.
At the Zen Center, our prison project sends books and meditation cushions to inmates and offers pen pals to those who want to learn to meditate while in prison. In Orange County there are many kinds of opportunities available to anyone who has a few hours to give. It can be hard to reach out to help others if you are feeling depleted or depressed, but we are always ourselves helped when we help others.
Regular meditation, even 15 minutes a day, can help us to stay in touch with our selves and to revitalize our connection with the deepest dimensions of our lives. Any daily spiritual practice such as prayer, 12-step study or inspirational reading will help us to keep the larger picture in view, to clarify values and to restore balance.
The enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, is celebrated around the world on Dec. 8 every year.
As a young man, the Buddha was sheltered in his family's palace. One day he ventured out, and for the first time saw an old man, a sick man and a dying man.
He then left home to embark on his spiritual quest to understand the meaning of his life. He tried the severe religious practices of the time, but he was not satisfied.
At last, he resolved to sit under a tree and meditate until his questions were answered. After eight days, he awakened at the sight of the morning star. His example was to be quiet, to listen, to look inside and outside, and to awaken to the wonder of simple things. This is the teaching which will serve us not only during the holiday season, but all though the year.
THE REV. DEBORAH BARRETT is a Zen teacher, minister and counselor at the Zen Center of Orange County in Costa Mesa. She teaches comparative religion at Cal State Fullerton.


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Barchick SaysDate Updated: 04/11/2013
If it ain't broke, don't fix it, little has changed since the 60's in this Old Brompton Road classic. It's up beat, laid back and full of character… oh and a lot of old pots/pans/pictures/signs/wooden object, something for every antiques fan.
It opened in 1954, originally as a folk venue, it was a heaving hotbed of talent. Anyone who's anyone has hit the stage; Dylan/Hendrix/Paul Simon/Nutini/Laura Marlin have all played here over the years, and gigs are still going on in the club downstairs (NB great venue for a private party).
Open daily from 9am with the club open at 8pm, it's a classic brunch spot with food served all day, plus wear a hat on a Tuesday night and pudding is on the house. They have daily specials, but it's comfort wholesome classics, plus the menu is massive so everyone will be happy.
The USP here is their generous time keeping with happy hours 4.30-7.30 every day, then from 8pm 10 pm in the club. Drink up & rock out!


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|My Chainsaw
For the last few years I've been collecting screengrabs, lists of materials, and scouring the internet for any information I could find about how to build my own screen accurate chainsaw. About two weeks ago, I pulled the trigger. Building it from start to finish took me about five, eight hour days and about $200 in parts. In this article I'll take you from start to finish through the process of building your own version of one of the most iconic movie props of all time. Be sure to read through the entire article and get a feel for the process before spending the money and time as this is not the easiest of ordeals. Below is a list of materials and tools needed to complete this project.
Tools Required:
Grinder (with cutting wheel, grinding wheel, and wire wheel), Dremmel (with cutting & sanding wheels), drill, handsaw, screwdrivers, adjustable wrench, trigger clamps, normal clamp, vice grips, a vice, toothbrush, & safety glasses.
Homelite XL Chainsaw, 3D printed grille, 20 inch chainsaw blade and chain, 3 1/2 inch T-Bolt Clamp, 3 1/2 inch metal door kickplate, a 1 inch wide aluminum flat bar, a 1 inch diameter oak rod, two 90 degree metal brackets, three 2 inch metal brackets, Bondo, sandpaper, JB Weld, wood filler, two 1/4 inch carriage bolts one inch in length w/nuts, two 1/4 inch bolts 1/2 inch in length w/nuts, two 1/4 inch Phillips head bolts 2 inch long w/nuts, five 1/4 inch bolts 1 inch in length w/nuts, one wood screw.
Rust-Oleum Satin Paprika Paint+Primer, flat black primer, red acrylic, silver model acrylic, and ebony stain.
The Body:
|Chainsaw Before
*If you have industrial tools, time, and wish to make a version of this that is metal instead of the screen accurate plastic version, you could purchase the Homelite Super XL 2 Chainsaw. Yes, it results in a much sturdier product, but from all accounts it is a nightmare to work on, and is so heavy you will not want to wear it.
The first thing you want to do is take it apart and clean it up as these have a tendency to be caked in oil and grease both inside and out. Remove the sawblade with an adjustable wrench, and take out all external screws holding it together. Be sure to place all of your nuts, bolts, and screws into a magnetic catch tray as this will assure you don't lose them when reconstructing it.
|The Wife Hated Me for This
|Cut Guide
Top of Chainsaw
This is one of the harder aspects of creating the chainsaw. You could just attach a metal plate and call it a day and that would indeed be a screen accurate version of the first chainsaw seen in Evil Dead 2 (as he assembles it) but I don't like the look. Furthermore, that's not the chainsaw seen in the rest of Evil Dead 2, Army of Darkness, or Ash vs Evil Dead, so it wasn't an option for me. Also, I wanted to construct as much of this as possible, but if you'd like, you can purchase this piece pre-built for $75 from Evil Dead Workshed, but that's not the way I wanted to go.
|Kickplate Position
Now that we have the plate in place, we need to take the on/off switch we previously removed from the saw and drill a hole from it on top of the saw where you feel it should be. Throughout the course of the movies and the episodes, many chainsaws are used and the placement on this switch varies (sometimes shot to shot). Watch some of the franchise and decide where you want to place your switch, drill a hole for it and mount it because once we do the next step, it would be a pain to add it afterwards.
|Pour Walls
|While Filling
Once throughout dried, remove the false walls. It won't be pretty, don't worry, it's not supposed to be. Sand down the sides with 80 grit sandpaper until the sides are smooth. Some pores and holes will remain, simply make yourself a small amount of Bondo and use a plastic scraper to fill it in. Let it dry, sand it back down and repeat this process until you are happy with the look. Use this time to also fill in any remaining screwholes on the plate. Congrats, you've made the bulk of your saw.
Optional Step
I chose to primer my chainsaw, sand it back down and primer a few more times. This allows you to fill in tiny holes, knicks, and issues with the body and make it look a little prettier. Simply use the flat black primer, spray, sand with 220 paper, and repeat until happy.
Oil and Gas Chambers
This part is easy, simply clean them and cut the tops off of the chambers. Afterwards epoxy them back into place and you're ready to go. Just be sure to tape them off before you're ready to spray paint them.
The Wood Handle:
|Top Handle
|Top Handle Diagram
Once you're happy with the shape of the metal, grind off the edge of the handle where it mounts to the chainsaw as on screen it's not a square, it's an oval edge. Drill a 1/4in hole into the center of the mount. You now have the metal section of the handle.
|Sanding Handle
Once finished, sand with 80 grit sandpaper until smooth and then final sand with 220 paper afterwards. When you're happy with the handle, mark in on inch from the sides of each piece and drill a 1/4in hole. Place them on the metal handle and mark the whole marks with a sharpie on the metal where you will mount it. Afterwards, drill 1/4in holes into the top of the metal as well.
|Carriage Bolt Diagram
*If you're not happy with the smoothness of the metal to wood contact, or if you have chipped the wood, simply apply wood-filler and sand back down until smooth, the wood-filler will accept stain and look fine.
Stain the handle with ebony stain by rubbing on a small amount over the entirety of the wood (and filler) and wiping it off. Repeat this process until the desired color is obtained.
The Metal Side Handle
The longer piece of the handle needs cut. What is handy about this is it is incredibly easy to measure, simply make both overhanging sections the same size. In essence, cut off the longer end to be 1/2 inch longer than the end that is inserted into the chainsaw. Now, you'll want to fill in the cut off piece to be screen accurate. Simply mix some Bondo (or JB Weld), and stick it down the neck of the metal stem to create a cork about an inch in. Allow that to dry and repeat the process, but this time form an overhanging ball on the top of it. All you need to do is sand it down afterwards and paint it with black primer.
The Motor/Exhaust Mount
The center spindle which spins the motor will have to be cut which will cause the blade mount to fall off. Simply cut the rod to fit and glue it to the motor in the correct place with JB Weld. When finished, paint with black primer. Use this opportunity to primer the exhaust pieces as well.
Make Room
Since you're almost ready to paint, we need to make sure we're done sanding/cutting the body and have room for your hand. Temporarily bolt the engine in, and the body back together. Does your hand fit in? Probably not. In order to make it, we're going to take the sanding attachment for the Dremmel and slowly eat away at the exposed hole until you can easily insert your hand. Simply work in circles around the opening of the hole (while not grinding away any of the screw mounts) until you can comfortably insert your hand.
|Painted Body
The best advice I can offer when painting is to get a complete coat on the entirety of both pieces. This is best accomplished by screwing the removed bolts from the chainsaw body, reattaching them while leaving half of the bolt exposed, and hanging them in suspension by the bolt. This will allow you to get total coverage on the pieces.
The Saw Blade
Optional step
I personally don't care for the blade to look shiny. We'll get to aging the saw towards the end of the article, but if you want to age the blade, the time is now. I tried several means of this, but I landed success after heavily priming the blade in black, and then using the wire-wheel attachment on it afterwards to make it look used.
Install Internal Handle
|Internal Handle
Install Aluminum Handle
Next up, place the top handle where you wish to mount it and mark the hole in the bottom of the aluminum handle with where the hole will be drilled into the top of the body. Since you'll be drilling through both metal and Bondo we need to take sever precautions. We don't want the bondo and the steel on the top to separate due to the force, so use the trigger clamps to hold the piece solid while we drill. To accomplish this, you'll want to drill a series of guideholes, working up to the 1/4 inch hole you need in the end. Then, install the two inch Phillips head bolt through the top and loosely secure it with the nut on bottom.
|Mount Diagram
Once removed, drill into the body the same way as you drilled the previous hole, using a series of guideholes and using clamps to assure the bondo doesn't separate from the metal. After, drill a 1/4in hole into the back of the handle so that you can place a bolt adjoining all threel. Install the bent bracket as well as the 90 degree bracket onto the handle, then reattach the entire piece to the body (you may need to mess with the order of placing in the bolts due to space). Tighten the handle onto the top of the body, if excess bolt remains inside, simply use a grinder or the Dremmel to remove it.
Add the Grille and Pull Start
|From Thingiverse
|Pull Start
Once both are dry, bolt the entire body and black metal handle back together using the original bolts. We're in the homestretch now!
The Armcuff
|Armcuff Closeup
Your clamp should have the adjustable end placed directly upwards to the right of the back of the saw (see picture). First we will drill the hole for the 90 degree bracket, so place it in place and mark the clamp with a marker where the hole should go. It is important to remember while drilling that this is hardened metal and is not easy to drill. Therefore, hold the clamp in the vice, and drill a series of guide holes. I suggest again drilling guide-holes, starting with a 3/32 bit, a 1/8th bit, 3/16 bit and finally the 1/4in bit. Once finished, loosely bold the cuff to the 90 degree bracket with a 1/4in bolt one inch in length.
Now, unscrew the two bolts in the back of the body of the saw and install the two inch brackets. Use your vice-grips to bend them into roughly the place they line up on the T-Bolt Clamp and mark the hole with a marker. Take the cuff off, and using the previously described means, drill the holes necessary for install and bolt them using the other 1 inch long bolts.
Optional Step:
Many people make two more brackets and install them at the bottom of the chainsaw to the cuff, however I couldn't find sign of them actually existing in the movies so I did not. The three bolts in mine are far more than enough for it to be bolted securely, but to each their own.
Final Touches
|Non-aged Chainsaw
Well, mostly. Yes, you're finished, but it doesn't look that cool if it's clean. Feel free to keep it that way if you wish, but wouldn't it look way cooler with some blood and grime?
|My Chainsaw
|After Blood Effect
This will set fast, but the thing to keep in mind is that the sooner you apply it, the more liquidy it will be. So the longer you let it dry before applying, the more coagulated it will appear. Place your chainsaw on newspaper, dip a dry stiff bristled brush in the red substance, and then fling it at the chainsaw from a few feet away. Concentrate on the blade, but don't shy away from the saw itself. Attack both sides of the chainsaw equally and if you do it in stages, the blood will build on itself in layers. This should dry to touch in 25 minutes (longer than normal due to the additional enamel).
In Conclusion
|Final Product


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Mid Century Bamboo Kitchen Cabinets Style
Sizes: Thumbnail, Medium, Large.
(3) Durability – do not worry about the quality offered when we decided to get bamboo cabinets. Why? Well, this is because bamboo is present as a material with long durability that can be relied upon. However, be sure to get bamboo cabinets from leading suppliers. These things we do so that we get high quality bamboo that have been handpicked by experts. In addition to choosing a high-quality item, be sure also to consider the level of treatment. To inhibit damage and stains on the surface, do not forget to choose a cabinet that has applied the finish.
Luxury Ideas:
© 2019 The Best Home And Design Idea.


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As consumers seek out more healthy dessert alternatives, dishes such as this superfood white quinoa brittle is an ideal wholesome take on a classic sweet recipe. The dessert remains true to the original texture and customary flavor simply made with healthier ingredient substitutions for guilt-free enjoyment.
Food blog Minimalist Baker put together this recipe for quinoa brittle that is filled with healthy nuts for added protein, chia seeds for aided digestive function and rolled oats for healthy carbs. The dish is made using coconut sugar as a base, with is a much more wholesome alternative to white sugar that isn't as processed or refined. Added in are other foods such as coconut oil, maple syrup and salt for contrasting flavor. The thick mixture is then combined with cooked white quinoa for added crunch and then baked.
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- By: Misel SabanDec 12, 2015
References: minimalistbaker & minimalistbaker
References: minimalistbaker & minimalistbaker


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For the past two days I have been in class learning about all the gauges, knobs, and devices on various MRAP models. So now I am certified on all 3 of the MRAPs to include the Max Pro, Cougar, and RG-31 models. The only one I haven't trained on is the new MATV. But the best part of the training was that it was conducted locally. We
did not have to go to BAF for our training. The contractors normally conduct the MRAP classes at BAF. Somehow our ETT leader with his power of persuasion convinced them to visit our camp and train our team members. So now instead of the Air Force being the only ones trained on MRAPs, our Army brothers can
experience the joy of being behind the wheel. Before long, I might work myself out of a job since they recently qualified on the crew serve weapons too.
The first part of the course instruction was "Slow Death by PowerPoint", but since we already went through the torturous 40 hour course on another model MRAP, we were given the condensed and abbreviated 14 hour course. Despite driving them several hundred miles in the past few months, I was still able to learn something new. I was totally unaware of a water plug in the back of my vehicle. When the instructor released the plug, a torrent of water poured out. So now I wonder without my ballast how my vehicle will ride…lol.
We also were required to demonstrate our driving abilities too. This was the fun part of the course and we drove up to the former Russian Officer's club as part of the curriculum. This road is not for the faint of heart with the steep incline and drop offs. There are still old Soviet vehicle carcasses at the bottom rusting away. I can only assume, they failed to
negotiate the hairpin turns or lost control of their vehicle.
At the top of the hill, we had a great birds-eye view of the surrounding city and the two palaces that were destroyed during the civil conflict here. Also notice the snow is starting to cover the crest and encroach on lower elevations. Personally I like the snow because it gives new
color to the drab brown craggy ridges. While there, I ran into a familiar friend. The last time I saw this dog, it was still a young puppy with short hair and chewing on my boots. Since then he has grown a thick fur coat to ward off the cold. He is still rather timid, except for when he is around the ANA soldiers. This is rather unusual because most ANA soldiers and Afghans do not like dogs. But this dog seems to be an exception. The soldiers play with the dog and he seems to reciprocate by being a good guard dog and barking when strangers approach. He also appears to be quite healthy, so it's apparent they are feeding him.
We returned to camp and parked the
MRAPs. Since we didn't attend their 40-hour course, we don't get the fancy certificate that normally accompanies the course completion. Instead, it's just another addition placed on our military driving license.
Filed under: Uncategorized | Tagged: Afghan National Army, Afghanistan, ANA, Army, BAF, Cougar, Darulaman, Deployment, dog, ETT, Max Pro, MRAP, RG-31, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army, war |


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For over 15 years, Superfly has been successfully coaching new and experienced athletes with different goals.Are you planning your first 5K, half marathon, marathon or triathlon? Do you want to qualify for the Ironman Championship in Kona?Whatever your goal, we have services that will fit your budget, including training plans, an online training portal and 1-on-1 personalized coaching. Learn More
On today's show, Iott and Zucco discuss Training Stress Score (TSS) and Chronic Training Load (CTL)...


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COOL SHIT: goodDYEyoung
It's not uncommon for celebrities and well-known people to eventually spread their wings and delve into other business areas in life. Normally something like this wouldn't get me that excited, but when the latest person to do this is Hayley Williams from Paramore, I'm more than a little bit interested.
If you're either a Paramore or Hayley Williams fan, you know she loves to change up her hair colour (something I can seriously resonate with). So it makes perfect sense she's started up her own line of hair dyes. I've been sitting on the mail list for a while, waiting for the products to launch, and they finally have!!!
The company is called goodDYEyoung and you know things are going to be good when you jump on the website and your cursor turns into a 'rock on' hand, and then changes to a sun with a smiley face (it screams Myspace, yet it totally works).
There's a few colours to choose from. A blue called 'Blue Ruin', a pink called 'Ex-Girl', an orange called 'Riot' (which the Internet is having a total meltdown over - in a good way), a red called 'Rock Lobster', and a yellow called 'Steal My Sunshine'. There is also a Fader product to help give you a more pastel effect with the colours, a Lightening Kit to help your hair get to a stage that will really make those colours pop, and a Tools pack with the essentials you need to complete the process.
It's all currently on pre-order, with most of the dyes being around $13.99, which is a pretty affordable price. True there are much cheaper alternatives on the market (many on which are currently sitting under my bathroom sink), but if it's quality dye with serious lasting power than it will be worth the price.
I really don't need anymore hair dye at the minute, but the temptation to try this stuff out is killing me. Watch this space to see if I get any....
Labels: beauty
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Mobile Commerce Minute Episode #318:
Euclid Analytics tracks millions of shopping experiences across retail locations and their latest numbers are out. The numbers of shoppers that actually go into the stores are down month over month but their time in the store is up by almost 2 minutes. What is the overall impact on sales? Watch to see what higher dwell time + lower visits means in actual dollars.
With Rob Woodbridge and Chuck Martin


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Seasonal Affective Dissorder (SAD)
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Seasonal Affective Dissorder (SAD)
By Josepha Cheong, M.D., Michael Herkov, Ph.D., Wayne Goodman, M.D.
20 Nov 2000
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that typically occurs in the fall and winter, when days are shorter and provide less sunlight.
Depressive symptoms begin in the fall or winter and persist until the spring.
People suffering from SAD either are unable to function or function minimally during the season in which their disorder occurs.
SAD shares several symptoms with other forms of depression including lethargy, sadness, hopelessness, anxiety and social withdrawal.
SAD sufferers crave additional sleep, experience daytime drowsiness, and gain a good deal of weight, often feeling irresistible cravings for sweets.
Four to six percent of the general population will experience SAD. Women are four times more likely than men to develop SAD.
SAD is more common among the young (ages 20 to 50) with a general decrease in symptoms with age.
Risk of the disease increases significantly with geographic residence (with increased prevalence at higher latitudes). For example, the incidence of SAD among people living in Florida is 1 percent, while those living in northern latitudes, such as Alaska or New Hampshire, have a rate of approximately 10 percent.
Treatment for SAD typically involves a combination of daily light therapy and medication. Exercise and stress management also help to lessen the symptoms of SAD.
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© 1998-2015 ATC LLC All Rights Reserved
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Of the ships in Ubilla's New Spain armada:
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text: Bookmark?Remove? A day in Vince Illuzzi's quest for statewide office Published 7y ago - BethanyMDunbar copyright the Chronicle 10-17-12 by Paul Lefebvre On a rainy early September morning, Senator Vince Illuzzi is heading to the State House. No legislation is seeking his attention, but as the place where he has forged a formidable political career, the State H... More »