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My name is Stacey Athorn. This will be my 9th year teaching at Thomas Edison High School. I was born and raised in Minneapolis, attending Marcy Elementary and South High School. After high school, I traveled to Ithaca College in Ithaca, New York, where I earned 2 Bachelor's degrees of Music in Music Education and Vocal Performance.
Courses (Click for description)
Concert Choir
Varsity Choir
IB Music
MYP Art Sampler: Music Exploration
Musical Theater
Homework & Tutoring Support Times
1. I'm available most days after school until 4pm (not Mondays because of meetings)
2. I can be found in 318 between 3-4pm
3. Best Times Tuesday-Friday, 3-4pm
4. Students should check in with me during the school day to make sure I don't have plans to help another student.
ALL course materials are online all the time. However, to protect student data, MyMPS pages may only be accessed by students and their teachers. To view the MyMPS course pages, click on the link at left and have your child log-on.
Like us on Facebook for news and information
700 22nd Ave NE Minneapolis, MN 55418
Telephone: 612.668.1300 | Fax: 612.668.1320


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The Italian American Museum
A Documentary Film by Kevin Carey and Mark Hillringhouse
Thursday, May 22, 6:30PM
You are cordially invited to attend a screening of this documentary film about the life and work of Italian American poet and author Maria Mazziotti Gillan. The evening will culminate with a special performance by R. G. Evans, whose music is featured in the film.
Blending interviews, poetry, photography, and music, All That Lies Between Us is a moving account of the life and work of Maria Mazziotti Gillan, the award-winning author and poet whose humble upbringing in an Italian-American enclave of Paterson inspired much of her writing and led her to establish innovative and highly respected literary ventures in that historic city, including the Poetry Center at Passaic County Community College.
The film features interviews with Ms. Gillan as she reminisces and shares insights about her life, including her student days in Paterson when being Italian was sometimes ridiculed, and when she had the same teacher who taught one of the city's most celebrated literary figures, poet Allen Ginsberg.
The documentary, which is written, produced and directed by Kevin Carey and Mark Hillringhouse, incorporates images of Paterson that juxtapose sad urban decay with thrilling natural wonders, and remnants of an industrial past with scenes from contemporary life. It also includes footage of Ms. Gillan's class at Binghamton University-SUNY, and scenes of the campus and city.
The Italian American Museum is located in the heart of "Little Italy" in New York City at 155 Mulberry Street on the southwest corner of Mulberry and Grand Streets and is accessible by subway, bus or car.
There is a suggested donation of $10 for this event. To reserve a place for this event, please call the Italian American Museum at (212) 965-9000 or email email@example.com
Maria Mazziotti Gillan is a recipient of the 2014 George Garrett Award for Outstanding Community Service in Literature from AWP (Association of Writers & Writing Programs), the 2011 Barnes & Noble Writers for Writers Award from Poets & Writers, and the 2008 American Book Award for her book, All That Lies Between Us (Guernica Editions). She is the founder/executive director of the Poetry Center at Passaic County Community College in Paterson, NJ, and editor of the Paterson Literary Review. She is also director of the Binghamton Center for Writers and the creative writing program, and professor of poetry at Binghamton University-SUNY.
She has published 18 books, including: What We Pass On: Collected Poems 1980-2009 (Guernica Editions), The Place I Call Home and The Silence in an Empty House (NYQ Books), Ancestors' Song (Bordighera Press), and Writing Poetry to Save Your Life: How to Find the Courage to Tell Your Stories (MiroLand, Guernica). With her daughter Jennifer, she is co-editor of four anthologies. http://www.MariaGillan.com
R.G. Evans' poems, fiction, and reviews have appeared in Rattle, The Literary Review, Valparaiso Poetry Review, Paterson Literary Review, Lips, MARGIE, The Best of Pif Magazine (Offline), and Weird Tales, among other publications.
Evans' first collection, Overtipping the Ferryman, received the 2013 Aldrich Press Poetry Prize.
His original music, including the song "The Crows of Paterson," is featured in the documentary All That Lies Between Us. Evans lives in southern New Jersey where he teaches high school and college English and creative writing. http://www.RGEvanswriter.com
Maria's Official Site is at MariaGillan.com and her books are available at Amazon.com Her latest publication is the poetry collection, Ancestors' Song

subset: commoncrawl


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Copyright © 2019 · All Rights Reserved · The Safina Center
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To accelerate the creation of exceptional transformative work, our Fellows Program helps support a small group of hand-picked distinctive voices. They are award-winning authors, filmmakers, photographers, artists, and scientists whose work has achieved international recognition. In each case their work amplifies the urgent message of global change, using distinctly innovative approaches to help make the case for life on Earth.
To help enable these exceptional talents, our Center provides partial support that enables them to complete critical pieces of their projects such as travels, film editing, or writing that might not otherwise get done.
Our fellows have included New York Times best-selling author Paul Greenberg, children's book author Dr. Ellen Prager, filmmaker John Weller whose work helped secure some of Indonesia's most important reefs, Dr. Eric Gilman who works to reduce unintended catches of turtles and sharks, and biologists Dr. Demian and Debbie Chapman who were pivotal in controlling international trade in shark fins.
For more info on our Fellows Program, go here.
(above photo: Sharks off Cat Island, Bahamas. © Andy Mann)


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1. Since I'm moving up to first grade, I'll need an AMAZING word wall! Here are two displays that I found on Pinterest that I like...now I have to decide which one to use.
2. I think I've had this birthday display pinned for at least a year now but I'm determined to create it in my new classroom this year! I've even put it on my "To Do" list! {That makes it official.}
3. I just love the BIG eyes on this display. What a great way to help students brainstorm things they can write about. I've been doing some brainstorming of my own on how I could incorporate a display similar to this one in my classroom.
4. I just love this idea of having a kid friendly "I Can..." standard display in the classroom! When I found this on Pinterest, it immediately went on my "to do" list!
8. Here's another great way to add a splash of color to your room! I have some left over fabric that would be perfect for this project! Follow the link to the tutorial...it's a good one!
9. In case you haven't noticed, I'm kinda into polka dots! I just love these lanterns from the Schoolgirl Style shop. I think they would be a perfect way to identify my desk groups!
10. Last but not least, FILING CABINET MAKEOVER! I don't know anyone who thinks their boring old filing cabinets are cute!
I'm glad a limit of 10 was put on this linky because I could make this a VERY LONG POST but I won't. If you like these Pinterest finds, be sure to click my cute little Pinterest lion {top left of blog} and follow me!
One last thing...


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After finding a mid-century credenza, a bentwood inspired chair and a patio set, (and more pieces currently pending that you'll hear about soon…) I'd like to think my Craigslist skills have improved quite a bit. So I'm sharing some of my favorite tips and tricks today. Hope you find these helpful.
On Searching:
- Be specific: especially if you're looking for a certain design, brand, etc. Though it's also beneficial to do a more general search as well (see below)
- Be vague: oftentimes, what I would consider to be a 'vintage bentwood chair' or a 'mid-century tulip table' is just a 'chair' or 'table' to sellers. They might not know or care about the specifics, so be sure to search under a broad range of terms. This will take longer and there's a lot more junk to sift through, but if you find a great piece for a steal, it will be worth it. Many sellers often misspell items and that can be a hindrance on your search results, example below:
- Be vigilant: when you least expect it, the credenza of your dreams could pop up on Craigslist, so refresh the listings every couple of hours if you have the chance, and set up alerts for specific searches to go straight to your inbox (below)
- Set up alerts: using both specific and vague search terms, set up a couple email alerts. You'll get an email digest with all of the most recent postings and this is a time-saving way of finding new deals without constantly refreshing the page:
- Spring and Summer: this is a natural time when people are cleaning out their homes or apartments, purging before a move, etc. so there's generally more inventory in the spring and summertime
- Monday and Friday: the same can be said about Mondays and Fridays, in my experience. On Fridays, people are usually wanting buyers to come pick up items over the weekend and are likelier to post later in the week and if sellers have been cleaning out their homes over the weekend, they'll usually post on Sunday evening/Monday morning. Be sure to check on Friday afternoons and Monday mornings for an influx of postings
- Modify your settings: check the box for pictures, gallery view, owner only:
- Know where to look: most furniture pieces are in fact under the furniture section, but be sure to check others as well. Sometimes an accent chair can show up in 'household', etc: My favorites are: furniture//antique// household//free
- View more option: if you're looking at a listing that you like, check to see if the little 'more ads by this user' button is on the page. They might have similar items that you want to purchase and might not have otherwise noticed:
- Don't give up: finding some of these items, mainly my credenza, took months so it can get frustrating and discouraging. But that's usually right when you find something… so keep searching and it will likely turn up eventually
Tomorrow I'll be back with part two: sealing the deal.


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Technology has made it increasingly easy to provide you with the wisdom of great thinkers. At 12Reports, I have collected writings of some do the best astrologers, numerologists, and mystics as they pertain to the skills you have based on your date of birth. Some of them are crazy accurate, some may take getting used to, but all of them are entertaining and supportive as you take your next step toward growth.
Visit 12Reports.com now!


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Constructivism and Online Learning nancyrubin
Constructivism and Online Learning. Posted: July 21, 2012 | Author: nancyrubin | Filed under: Education, eLearning, Internet, Learning | Tags: Andragogy, …
See all stories on this topic
What do you think?|Do you have a comment?|What are your thoughts on this post?} Use the comment area below and give YOUR opinion!
If you liked this post, spread the word: tweet. Thank you


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Podcast: Play in new window | Download (Duration: 56:36 — 52.1MB)
Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Google Podcasts | RSS
Think you know more about Star Wars than we do? If so, follow along and yell the answers out loud in public so that other people judge you.
Jenna hosts the Star Wars Trivia Challenge featuring contestants: Dan, Luke and Mattread more


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Vermont Prescription Assistance Programs
Below we have listed all of the Vermont Prescription Assistance. We have listed the cities on the right side of the page where we have found Prescription Assistance. You can choose from that list to find all of our listings in your area. If you feel that we have missed a Prescription Assistance program, please help us build our list by adding it here, Add a Prescription Assistance Program.
103 South Main Street
Waterberry, VT - 05671
(800) 250-8427
VPharm assists Vermonters who are enrolled in Medicare Part D with paying for prescription medicines. This includes people age 65 and older as well as people of all ages with disabilities and includes an affordable monthly premium. VScript helps Vermonters age 65 and older and people of all ages wiRead more
108 Cherry Street
Burlington, VT - 05402
1-(800) 250-842
481 Summer Street Suite 101
St. Johnsbury, VT - 05819
1-(800) 642-511
108 Cherry Street, Drawer 41 HAST
Burlington, VT - 05401
1-(802) 863-725
133 Elm Street, Suite 2
Montpelier, VT - 05602
1-(866) 482-472
108 Cherry St.
Burlington, VT - 05402
108 Cherry St.
Burlington, VT - 05402


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Columns & Blogs
7 things to do in South Sound this weekend, Aug. 8-10
Love some literature
It's going to be a seaside literary celebration at the Books By The Bay event at the Port Plaza, 700 Columbia St. NW. It will feature award-winning authors and illustrators, live music, food and fun. Meet Barbara Hicks, author of "Frozen," as well as others at this fundraiser for the South Sound Reading Foundation's free literacy program. There will be a silent auction of more than 40 items, including artwork, signed books, tickets to museums, zoos and more. It all starts at 6 p.m. Friday and tickets are $35. Call 360-412-4499 for more information.
Cinema on the grass
You know it's summer when you have your pick of outdoor movies. Check out two options this week in Thurston County:
• Tumwater's Annual Screen on the Green will be showing "Mr. Peabody and Sherman" Friday starting at dusk. Head out with your blanket and lawn chairs to Tumwater Valley Municipal Golf Course, 4611 Tumwater Valley Drive SE, for the free screening. The site opens at 7:30 p.m. and the movie shows at dusk.
• Take in the classic"High Society,"
the musical comedy starring Bing Crosby, Grace Kelly and Frank Sinatra, at theMovies at the Mansion
series at State Capital Museum, 211 21st Ave. SW, Olympia. The screening is at 9 p.m. Friday, with a discussion 15 minutes prior to the film. Admission is free, with a suggested donation of $2.
Fair Elma
The Grays Harbor County Fair kicked off Wednesday in Elma and runs through Sunday, offering all the charm and traditions of an old-fashioned fair. Admission is $10 for adults, $6 for seniors and students 6-17, and free for those 5 and younger; military are offered a $2 discount. Unlimited ride wristbands are $22 in advance at the fairgrounds or area Anchor Banks, or $26 at the gate. For more information, go to ghcfairgrounds.com or call 360-482-2651.
Shakespeare wraps it up
Animal Fire Theatre's production of "The Two Gentlemen of Verona," the romantic comedy believed to be William Shakespeare's first play, is in its final weekend. It returns to Priest Point Park on East Bay Drive with performances at 7 p.m. Friday and 2 p.m. Saturday and Sunday. All performances are free; bring a blanket or lawn chair to sit on.
Cars, cars, cars
Car and motorcycle enthusiasts will flock to the Olympia Street Rod Association's Summer Car Show this weekend. More than 400 cars will be on display at Lucky Eagle Casino, 12888 188th Ave. SW, Rochester. The free event is family-friendly with hourly drawings, live entertainment by the Raucous Band and DJ Steve Mahoney. It runs 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Saturday. Proceeds benefit ROOF and Thurston County Food Bank.
Bow wow
The Bulldog Clubs of Greater Seattle is bringing its annual Bulldog Dynasty specialty show to Olympia this weekend. There will be breed and performance classes, and lots of bulldogs to admire. Come out Saturday through Wednesday for showing and judging at the Red Lion Hotel, 2300 Evergreen Park Drive SW, Olympia. For more details, call 360-943-4000.


text: Hi guys I just received my brand new 2016 Tesla model S 90d. The wheels are brand new with less than 100 miles. Drove the car home from the factory and changed for aftermarket rims as soon as I got home. The wheels look for good and are sharp. I am located in the SF Bay Area and am looking for 2,000 obo. The rims have GoodYear Eagle Touring tires on them. Tires sizes 245/45R19 If anyone has any questions don't hesitate to give me an email or a phone call at 510-333-4422 or [email protected] Thanks


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Mischievous Native Americans, melancholy clowns and zealous history re-enactors are just a few of the strange and curious denizens of this debut short story collection.
There's even a sasquatch to be found in the title story by award-winning essayist Hollars (Creative Writing/University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire; Thirteen Loops, 2011). Along the way, the author uses a clever array of monstrosities and startling imagery to cast an eerie light on the tropes of coming-of-age. The first story is the most subtle, as "Indian Village" finds a band of suburban teens at war with an invading tribe. "Schooners" is a finely-spun confessional whose main point seems to be its punch line. Other stories are laden with broad comedy laced with just a little sadness. "Westward Expansion" tells the story of a boy whose father is obsessed with a distant relative who traversed the Oregon Trail and delivers much suffering onto his family in the name of Manifest Destiny. "Sightings" and "The Clowns" also make much hay out of traditional nightmares. In the former, a true-to-life sasquatch is recruited to the local basketball team and even gets to take a girl to the prom. In the latter, a family of nose-honking, big-shoed jesters is forced to move in with relatives after the death of their son. Other missing children figure prominently in the last two stories. "Robotics" finds a boy building a mechanical replica of his dead brother out of a vacuum. "Missing Mary" is the story of a disappearance—the awful, senseless absence of a girl—with a leaden final passage: "Years later, as Mary's sister sits silently in chemistry class, science will give her an answer: My sister has simply turned soluable," Hollars writes. "A moment there and then gone." All of these stories represent a talented tightrope walk between genres and a gentle lesson in craftsmanship for aspiring storytellers.
An imaginatively sculpted collection of absurdist concepts applied liberally to the equally preposterous notion of growing up.


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Jade Gates
From A Wiki of Ice and Fire
The Jade Gates is a narrow strait which connects the Summer Sea and the Jade Sea, separating the great city of Qarth on the southern coast of Essos from the island of Great Moraq. The Cinnamon Straits is a similar passageway south of Great Moraq.[1] Located in the east of the strait is the small island of Qal, which is fortified at each end with Qartheen harbor cities.[2]
The Jade Gates is a major trade hub between the east and west[3] from which Qarth derives its considerable wealth and power by taxing passing ships. The Jades Gates is patrolled by the ornate galleys of the Pureborn of Qarth,[4] who took control of the strait during the Century of Blood.[5]
- ↑ The Lands of Ice and Fire.
- ↑ George R. R. Martin's A World of Ice and Fire.
- ↑ So Spake Martin: Trade with Asshai, August 26, 2000
- ↑ A Clash of Kings, Chapter 40, Daenerys III.
- ↑ The World of Ice & Fire, Beyond the Free Cities: The Grasslands.


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445 Alfred Thun Road, Clarksville, TN 37040
You can't fake a great reputation – at least not for long. Maybe some companies get away with it for a short period of time, but eventually 'word-of-mouth' and BBB complaints catch up with poor contractors and they go out of business.
We're the exact opposite of an unstable contractor with a lousy reputation. Homeowners who want a proven Middle Tennessee home improvement company can look at our actual reputation (and not just what we say about ourselves).
Our track record gives you plenty to look at because we've been in business for more than a quarter century. We're not even going to try to guess how many other Middle Tennessee home improvement contractors have come and gone in that time!
Instead, we'll just point you to our reviews, our references, and our stellar record with the Better Business Bureau. Click 'Read More' below to see more about our reviews, our references, and our A+ Rating with the BBB.
Our customers love the 'Merrell Home Improvement Experience' and the results on their home. We know because that because they've been telling us that for 25+ years.
The best way to know what working with a company is really like is to talk directly to their customers. Ask us for references – we're an open book.
The best-know, most-respected consumer watchdog organization in the country says we're an A+.
Go with the risk-free, proven home improvement company in Middle Tennessee. Call us for a free consultation and quote.


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Duplicate Payment Detector v1.2 by EZ-R Stats, LLC
Cash recovery tool - detection of duplicate payments and other transactions. Identify any type of duplicate item such as invoice payments, employee expense reports, duplicate inventory items, fixed assets, etc. Open source database SQLite.
Date Version Release HistoryType: Freeware
02/03/2007 1.2 Major version upgrade with Internet ability
02/03/2007 1.2 Major version upgrade with Internet ability
Price: USD $0.00
Tags: Duplicate Payments, Cash Recovery, Duplicate Invoices, Duplicate, Expense Reports, Duplicate Transactions, Same Same Same, Sqlite, Sqlite Database, Overpayments
Software Info
Released:February 3, 2007 Filesize:302.9 KB Language:English Platforms:Windows, Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows XP Install:Install
Add Your Review
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Elevator related standards:
Passenger Ropeways standard:
Amusement Ride standard:
AEDARSA works in collaboration with a number of national, provincial and local safety organizations. Learn more by visiting their websites.
Within Alberta:
NOTE: This list doesn't purport to be a complete listing of all consultants that could provide elevator emergency training nor does it imply any endorsement of consultants listed.
The following are some links you may find useful:
Copies of the Safety Codes Act and other Alberta Regulations applicable to Elevators, Passenger Ropeways, and Amusement Rides can be obtained thru the Queens Printer


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I'm a pretty observant person. After all, it's my job to be observant. All Designers are. You could say it's an inborn trait.
We pick up on nuances, hints, subtleties, etc., because they make a difference in our work. We know that putting a cup pull on a cabinet drawer will lend more character, as well as telegraph the style of a kitchen far better than a plain D pull. Sure it's a seemingly small and — maybe even — insignificant detail, but it's one that helps design the development of a larger story.
When a designer walks into a client's home for the first time, we look beyond what you're telling us you want by observing what you have and how you're living in your home. Sometimes these observations tells us more than your words can, which provides us with helpful information we'll be able to use as we come up with design plans and solutions for you.
This year, while I was walking through the Kitchen and Bath Industry Show (KBIS), I was looking for new and interesting products, as well as patterns or repetitions in manufacturers' offerings.
In other words: I was looking to spot a trend.
One of the trends I noticed was the application of black finishes on faucets. Really, every time I'd turn a corner I saw more faucets with black finishes. They were everywhere!
Sometimes finishes are the absolute bane of my existence.
Antique brass from one manufacturer may look like a dull brass; whereas with another manufacturer, it may appear almost bronze or brown. Then you'll see another manufacturer's version and it will look more copper-like. In order to determine what they really look like, you really have to look at the samples, not rely on manufacturer descriptions.
Oh, and btw: If you think that finishes aren't similar looking between plumbing fixture manufacturers, check out the differences between plumbing and hardware, or plumbing and lighting.
I always want a product to offer as many choices in finishes as possible; because, sometimes, you'll wind up with one that's just a hair off from what you're needing.
And when you're wanting your design work to be perfect, "a hair" can make all the difference in the world.
Enough of my rambling. Check out some of these gorgeous kitchens and baths with black faucets below. I think this is a finish that's here to stay.


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When I turned on Sports Center last night, I was hearing about the Peterson issue for the first time. I couldn't believe how much time they were giving it. I was shocked that it was being compared to Ray Rice clocking his boo.
Adrian Peterson, and those of us who are following this story, are learning the new rules of discipling a child are far different than the old rules. What used to be a good old fashion whooping will now have you locked up and labeled.
As a kid, we use to see the bushes in the front yard as the abuser. If we went buck wild, mom or dad would simply tell us to go break off a switch of our own choosing, remove the leaves, and bring it to them. I never thought the punishment fit the crime when that switch, or belt, or cat nine tail, or Hot Wheel track, or extension cord was wearing out our hind parts, but we got the message loud and clear, washed our hands, and came down for dinner.
And we still call them the good old days.


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Fusion Online Store
In this part of the website you will be able to order the Fusion reactor range as seen in the gallery. Please take note of the model number and price
when adding items to your paypal shopping cart to ensure the model
ordered matches with your desired watch seen in the gallery.
#95017 Latte Pearl Stainless Bracelet $600
#95105 White Pearl 2-tone Bracelet $660
#95319 Chocolate Pearl Crocodile Strap $660
#95501 Black Pearl Black Nitride Plated $660
#97017 Latte Pearl Stainless Bracelet
#97105 White Pearl 2-tone Bracelet
#97201 Black Pearl Crocodile Strap
#97319 Chocolate Pearl Crocodile Strap
#98105 White Pearl 2-tone Bracelet
#98201 Black Pearl Crocodile .46 TCW Diamonds
#98017 Latte Pearl .46 TWC Diamonds Stainless Bracelet


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Audio Sees May Sales Rise 9.4%
A strong surge in May factory sales of compact and component stereo systems and a double-digit rise in aftermarket autosound produced the first monthly increase of the year for total audio industry sales and nudged the five-month cumulative sales total slightly ahead of last year.
According to CEMA figures, total audio sales for the month rose 9.4% to $655.8 million from last year's $599.6 million, to put the five-month total at just under $2.8 billion, up a scant 0.6% from the $2.78 billion recorded in the same 1998 period.
Compact and component audio systems provided the bulk of the month's sales rise with a 43.8% jump to a May record $176.2 million, for a January-May cumulative sales total of $651.4 million, up 9.3%. The rise in system sales more than offset the month's 7.1% drop in sales of individual components to $104.4 million, and put May sales of total home audio products at $288.6 million, up 19.5%.
Through the first five months component sales declined 6% to $521.8 million from 1998's $555.4 million, a total boosted by $8.37 million with the retroactive addition of sales of home MiniDisc recorders. That, combined with system sales, put the cumulative five-month home audio sales at $1.17 billion up 1.6%.
Portable audio sales suffered the sixth consecutive monthly sales decline in May, with a 4.5% drop to $193.4 million. The five-month sales total of $717.9 million was off 13.7%.
The industry's other growth area, aftermarket autosound, had a 12.1% May sales rise to $181.9 million, to lift the five-month total by 13.6% to $905.9 million.
Based on traditional selling patterns, the seasonally adjusted annual selling rates for audio systems and aftermarket autosound indicate that each is on track to turn 1999 into their first-ever $2 billion sales year.


text: "Miró's almost monochrome picture Stars in Snails' Sexes...appears to be a direct realization of Breton's notions of psychic automatism and écriture automatique, the theory of artistic creation as a spontaneous process dictated by the workings of the unconscious mind. In art of this kind, however, it is difficult to distinguish between the unconscious and the conscious elements. The work of Miró has a nocturnal, hallucinatory, dream-like quality, but it also bears the mark of a keenly alert creative intelligence which makes use of the unconscious but does not allow itself to be controlled by it. Miró also accepted the Surrealist principle of chance, but refused to let it dominate his work. 'I throw down the gauntlet to chance,' he wrote: 'For example, I prepare the ground for a picture by cleaning my brush over the canvas. Spilling a little turpentine can also be helpful.' This, perhaps, is how he set about painting Stars in Snails' Sexes. On the brown, washed-out, blotted ground one sees a large, freely drawn red circle and a star with a comet's tail; the playfully poetic title étoiles en des sexes d'escargot is inscribed over a tangle of blue lines in the top left-hand corner. Miró referred to these pictures, which feature poems or words, or sometimes only single letters and numbers, as tableaux-poèmes."


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Halloween is fast approaching, a time full of festive costumes, spooky decorations, pumpkin carving, and loads and loads of sugary candy. Although there is nothing wrong with an occasional sweet treat, when our kids come home with pillowcases full, we have to wonder…are there any alternatives to bags of Halloween candy?
Of course there are! Here are five suggestions for nutritious and safe treats that don't trick the body into unhealthy habits:
Stickers: Kids love stickers for their books, craft projects, or to add to their costumes. You can even hand out healthy eating stickers from Learning ZoneXpress. Best of all, stickers don't have calories, sugar, or corn syrup!
Party Prizes: It's not too hard to find spider rings, ghost erasers, and other Halloween-themed prizes. Other suggestions from our Facebook fans include glow sticks, silly putty, yo-yos, and even tiny tubs of Play Doh. Lots of fun for not a lot of money! Colorful bookmarks or temporary tattoos are fun options too.
Healthy Snacks:
- Sugar free gum
- Granola bars
- Small bags of crackers or dried fruit
- Mini bags of popcorn
- Pumpkin-shaped pretzels
- Trail Mix
- Nuts
- String Cheese
- Fruit snacks
- Mandarin orange cups with jack-O'-lantern face drawn on top in permanent marker
Safety-conscious parents appreciate something packaged, so fresh fruit, alas, is not such a great idea.
Kid's Crafts: You can find all kinds of Halloween craft projects online or DIY craft kits can be found at local department of dollar stores. We also just learned of Wikki Stix from a Facebook fan!
Money: Think about giving out nickels, dimes or quarters. The best part? The kids can spend – rather than eat – the leftovers! (And at 20 cents per bite-size bar, it's about the same price as candy.)
There you have it! Five healthy alternatives to Halloween treats! If you have any other ideas, please leave a comment in the space below or tell us about it on the Learning ZoneXpress Facebook page!
Have a safe, happy, and healthy Halloween everyone!


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Whether it's an identity for your new business or marketing solutions for a local venue, the goal is to make an impression.
At BLUE RABBIT
We're in love with the creative journey. If you're looking for a way to connect with your audience or engage your target market but don't have any idea how; look no further! Our initial strategy session will reveal all the insight we need to make the biggest splash in the right pool.
It's said that "process is king" but we're not fans of the royal red tape. That's why we keep our process light-weight and flexible. By taking the creative reigns we alleviate the stress of having to conceptualize on your end but the green light is something only you control.
This is where we truly shine! With highly skilled design assassins at the ready, each master of their own craft, we're prepared to tackle any project. From one-off digital marketing content to full-scale cross-platform ad campaigns we've got you covered!
In a small town at the foot of the Catskill mountains, just 90 miles North of New York City, we've tapped into a unique perspective on both big business demands and small business needs.
Seeing both worlds in action allows us to understand the white spaces within each which
We've spent over a decade developing premium product and executing digital excellence for some of the most reputable companies in the world.


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Holy smokes - did Halle Barry look smoking hot at the Keep A Child Alive 6th Annual Black Ball or what. Her dress was unbelievable and her arm candy wasn't too bad either. Talk about a stunning couple!
Wire Image
Currently Obsessed
Belle Spotlight
Toddler Style
My Week & Weekend
Style Spotlight
Recent Purchases
What's In My Bag
design + development by fabulous k


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Just a quick post – we had a full on day today. I dropped 10 year old Inky to home ed swim group that takes place every other Monday. One of the home-ed mums stays there as a point of contact and we can stay and chat or go off for a couple of hours. As the weather was nice I took our 21 month old to 2 different playgrounds. Then we collected Inky, went food shopping and had lunch. Bri didnt want his nap for the second day in a row so we finished watching the second part of a documentary we have been watching – India, Natures Wonderland. I would share a link here but both parts are only available on BBC iplayer for a couple more days. But there are plenty of other documentary's on there. We do little mini projects on the documentaries we watch. Its pretty fun and I like learning new things too 🙂 Then it was time to cook dinner and tidy up followed by bed time…. Anyway, I found this today and thought I'd share it with you.
Welcome to Cambridge GCSE Computing Online – This MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) has been created by the Cambridge-based partnership of exam board OCR, Cambridge University Press (CUP) and the Raspberry Pi Foundation. The course is based on OCR's GCSE Computing curriculum and gives participants an excellent opportunity to investigate how computers work, how they are used, and to develop computer programming and problem-solving skills. The course has been designed for 14-16 year olds; but is free and open to all, and can be used either as a course or a resource to support teachers. The course is running now; it has no start or end date.


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Hive Active Heating
Come back to a nice warm house, without ever having to heat an empty one. Hive Active Heating lets you control your heating from your smartphone with our beautifully designed thermostat. And if you've got a hot water tank, you can control that too.
Easy to controlHive's active heating system can control your heating and hot water (if you have a hot water tank) from your mobile, tablet or laptop. This is achieved by downloading the Hive app on to your Android or iOS Smartphone which will enable you to access all the key features across your home broadband.
Avoid heating an empty homeUp to six heating events can be scheduled throughout the day, so you can wake up in comfort, cut the heating while the house is empty and return to a comfortable home after a long day at work.
All connected - your Hive kitKeeping the set up and operation simple, the Hive Smart Thermostat has thought of everything you'll need to get the system up and running.Its Wireless Thermostat let's you control your heating and hot water when you're at home. The Hub plugs into your broadband router to enable your thermostat to be controlled remotely. And the Receiver lets your thermostat and boiler talk to each other when they are fitted close to your boiler.
Hive GeolocationGeolocation alerts you when you've left the heating on and you're away from home or when you're coming back and the temperature's set lower than you'd like. With these handy, optional reminders there's no need to come back to a cold home or heat an empty one.You'll find Geolocation in the menu in the latest version of the Hive app - just switch on and set your preferred temperatures and the distances away from your home you'd like to be notified at. It's switched off by default and stays off unless you choose to switch it on.It won't automatically change the temperature or affect your heating schedule settings - once you receive an alert you have complete control to make a temperature change, or not.
Box ContentsHive Active Heating ThermostatHive Nano 2 Hub with cables (ethernet & power)Hive Dual ReceiverUser GuideWelcome Guide4 x Duracell AA BatteriesScrews/Raw Plugs x 2 of each
All used stock comes with a 90 day warranty.
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GMJ 3D build parameter envelopes for development sites are based on local or statutory views and are created using surveyed photography, 3D urban models or a combination of both.
The models make clear site development potential and any possible restrictions. They provide design templates that inform the design and planning approach from the start of a project.
This early knowledge empowers the development team and can save time spent working up proposals that will not meet specific planning guidelines. The value of this input is such that developer clients now use GMJ to assess site development potential before or during the site acquisition process.


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Le niveau de sécurité actuel ne vous permet pas de naviguer correctement sur notre site. Nous vous invitons à modifier les paramètres de votre navigateur avant de continuer.
Veuillez choisir la zone geographique pour laquelle vous souhaitez être averti pour ces artistes ou ce club de sport.
Ajouter Salva à mes alertes
Biography // Updated October 2017
Paul Salva, Jr., aka SALVA is a veteran club DJ and rising-star Pop Music producer residing in Los Angeles. After a decade plus of touring the world, high-profile remixes, rap productions, electronic albums and mixtapes — Salva was signed by Roc Nation in 2016, a chance for him to work with the biggest stars in music. Most known for his signature blend of Rap and Electronic music — Salva has officially produced and remixed the likes of Kanye, Rihanna, Young Thug, Wiz Khalifa, E-40, DJ Shadow, Boys Noize, Dizzee Rascal, Schoolboy Q and more.
Young Thug's "Old English" helped Salva's PEACEMAKER mixtape to accrue hundreds of millions of streams and downloads, and was a massive underground hit. While Salva and RL Grime's remix of Kanye West's "Mercy" was #1 on Soundcloud and arguably the beggest edm song of its year, helping start the EDM trap festival wave.
In 2017 Salva has been busy producing world artists such as Brazilian mega-star Claudia Leittte, and the undisputed #1 Grime rapper in the UK Dizzee Rascal, who's Raskit album went Official Charts Top 10 with the help of three Salva productions including the lead single "Space." As he readies to support Roc Nation star Shakira on her El Dorado world tour, Salva is focused on proving that only the best party rocking DJ will in turn make the ultimate super producer.


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Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy
Using advanced new technology, Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy, a procedure to remove the prostate gland, is now a treatment option for men diagnosed with prostate cancer who, until now, thought invasive surgery was their only choice. Fatima Hospital, one of the pioneers of laparoscopic technology over two decades ago, is once again leading the way as one of the first hospitals in Southern New England to offer this option. Our highly-skilled surgeons perform the minimally invasive procedure, which results in less pain, fewer complications and shorter recovery times.
Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer diagnosed in men over the age of 45. But now, Fatima Hospital is offering this innovative new treatment in the fight against it. With years of surgical experience and one of the most sophisticated surgical facilities in the state, it's no wonder that Fatima surgeons are the first to bring this effective new option to Rhode Island.
You have choices. Make your first choice finding out if you have prostate cancer. Make your second choice doing something about it.
For more information on this and other urological procedures at Fatima Hospital, call our physician referral line at 401-456-DOCS. (3627)


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Product Description
The Diverge Sport A1 is a more than a capable exploration machine at an incredible value. It features a responsive and reliable A1 Premium Aluminium frame that with a unique bottom bracket height and front rake angle that increase handling confidence. Plus, it includes a carbon fork with fender mounts, a workhorse Shimano Sora groupset, and mechanical disc brakes, making a bike that's well suited to conquering any roadpaved or otherwise.
- A1 Premium Aluminum pairs with a unique, adventure-bound geometry that sets the stage for rugged durability, performance over any terrain, and a level of comfort and handling that's tough to beat.
- FACT carbon fork w/ proprietary Zertz inserts absorbs and damps road chatter & vibration without compromising on the rigidity needed for performing at speed and tracking dutifully on the descents. This fork is also compatible with our Plug + Play fenders for protection against the elements.
- 700x28mm Espoir Sport tires are the perfect width for splitting your time between the road and dirt, providing excellent traction and suppleness. And to assist in minimizing flats, they also feature our double BlackBelt protection.


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Options for low-cost Inmarsat airtime and free hardware make it easy for mariners to bring KVH's new TracPhone FB150 and other FleetBroadband systems onboard
MIDDLETOWN, R.I., July 23, 2009 -- Responding to growing demand for affordable broadband communications at sea, KVH Industries, Inc., (Nasdaq: KVHI) is changing the way mariners think about satellite communications by offering exciting introductory Inmarsat FleetBroadband airtime plans as low as $59 per month and other hardware and airtime packages that include the option to get a free TracPhone FB150 antenna.
"With these new airtime plans, we're making it easier than ever for mariners to bring the convenience and reliability of Inmarsat onboard while making their service as easy to manage as a cell phone," explained Jim Dodez, KVH's vice president of marketing and strategic planning. "Offering outstanding value and the power of FleetBroadband service, these exciting prices are available from KVH for all Inmarsat users. And for customers who are considering adding FleetBroadband to their boat either for the first time or as an upgrade from older, slower, and more expensive solutions, our bundled airtime and TracPhone hardware packages can't be beat. You're getting industry-leading reliability from both the hardware and the service, while enjoying the convenience of a 36-month lease. We're very excited to be able to offer our customers such a great deal on service and equipment that is critical to their safety and day-to-day operations."
KVH's new FleetBroadband service plans are available to all FleetBroadband customers, regardless of which hardware they choose to use. These affordable plans offer several benefits to mariners:
"Bundling KVH TracPhone hardware and FleetBroadband service is a great way for mariners to spread the cost of hardware over 36 months, making it exceptionally easy to bring TracPhone and FleetBroadband onboard at a reasonable monthly cost," added Dodez. "As an added value, customers selecting the "Premium Value" Broadband Plan receive free TracPhone FB150 hardware or reduced-cost TracPhone FB250 and FB500 systems."
Visit www.tracphone.com for more details about KVH's TracPhone systems, including airtime pricing information and coverage maps.
About KVH Industries, Inc.
Middletown, RI-based KVH Industries, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiary, KVH Europe A/S, are leading providers of in-motion satellite TV and communications systems, having designed, manufactured, and sold more than 150,000 mobile satellite antennas for applications on vessels, vehicles, and aircraft. KVH's mission is to connect mobile customers around the globe with the same digital television entertainment, communications, and Internet services that they enjoy in their homes and offices.
This release may contain certain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include, for example, the functionality, characteristics, quality and performance of KVH's products and technology; anticipated innovation and product development; and customer preferences, requirements and expectations. The actual results could differ materially. Factors that may cause such differences include, among others, those discussed in KVH's most recent Form 10-Q filed with the SEC. KVH does not assume any obligation to update its forward-looking statements to reflect new information or developments.
KVH and TracPhone are registered trademarks of KVH Industries, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies.
Please log in or create an account to receive access to complete information about KVH's award-winning products and services, including quick and easy downloads of KVH support documentation. It's free and easy and gives you access to the latest info on all of KVH's products.


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Sid has travelled many miles, met many celebrities and visited far too many hotspots on his adventures to mention but we can finally reveal our top winners from each region!
Drum roll please…..
Midlands – Hannah Harris
Northern – Kayleigh Richardson
Scotland – Nathan McKendrick
Southern – Jose Allinson
Wales – Kieran Evans
Huge well done to everyone who took part and congratulations to each of our five winners. Sid is now all packed up and on his way to his new homes along with his early Christmas presents from our competition partners, Virgin Experience, Venture Studios and Haven Holidays.


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Rocky Point
One of the best parts about visiting any new place on vacation is learning about its history and its past. It is a way of better understanding the locals and the way that the place got the way that it is now. It also can make your travel experience that much more interesting and enjoyable. Rocky Point Mexico (Puerto Penasco), one of the most popular tourist destinations in all of Mexico, has a very interesting history. If you're planning on traveling there, then it is important that you know a thing or two about its past.
Puerto Penasco is a fairly new settlement as far as most Mexican cities go. It is located right on the edge of the Altar Desert – a large portion of the Sonora Desert – and has historically had a major lack of water. Even ancient peoples rarely visited the land that is now Puerto Penasco. Scientists have found a few human remains – especially in the El Pinacate volcanic region – but even these belonged to humans only briefly passing through the area. They were not permanent settlers by any means.
The first permanent settlers in Rocky Point Mexico arrived in the early 1920s. Until this time, only the occasional fisherman stayed in the harbor during fishing trips through the Gulf of California. One of the primary reasons that they choose to spend time in the harbor at Puerto Penasco was that a relatively rare fish – the totoaba lived in the surrounding waters and was very valuable as a source of medicine.
It wasn't until John Stone, an Arizona native, moved to the area that Puerto Penasco really began kicking as a year-round settlement. Though numerous fishermen and a few other recluses already lived in the area, Stone moved down with plans to open the first hotel nearby – and open a hotel is what he did. The hotel, also functioning as a casino, was built at precisely the right time. Americans from Arizona and California started swarming over the border to visit Puerto Penasco to escape prohibition. It became a popular spot for drinking, gambling, and fishing. Stone even drilled the first well and put a brief end to the water problem.
One of the most enduring legends about Puerto Penasco stems from the time that Stone's hotel was around. It is often said that Al Capone, the notorious Chicago gangster, visited the hotel on a regular basis. Whether this is true or not still remains a mystery. What is certain is that shortly after the United States ban on alcohol was lifted, Stone and the locals began to argue. He left town in a fit of rage, burning down the hotel and blowing up his well in the process.
It took a long time for Puerto Penasco to recover from Stone's departure. Very few travelers or tourists passed through and the locals lived in relative piece. It wasn't until the 1930s and the 1940s when a railroad was built through town that the population began to experience growth once more. The rail line served to connect the nearby Baja Peninsula to the rest of Mexico and it goes without saying that the stop at Puerto Penasco put the small fisherman's village on the map once more.
Speaking of fisherman, Puerto Penasco has always survived primarily on the fishing industry. Up until the 1990s it was the only "true" industry in town. The area around Puerto Penasco is not rich in mineral wealth and is mostly unsuitable for farming and raising livestock. Fishing really was the only way that people could make a living.
It was in the early 1990s that things began to change for Puerto Penasco. The government joined forces with private investors in 1993 to promote tourism in the area. They were largely motivated by the cities proximity to the United States, especially to Arizona and California, and its huge stretch of beautiful coastline. To further promote tourism they declared Puerto Penasco a "free-zone," meaning that foreigners could visit without obtaining visas. Largely because of this, the area fast became a popular weekend retreat for people living in Arizona, California, and also Nevada.
Resorts and hotels started springing up everywhere as the government and private investors began to develop Puerto Penasco. Condominiums were also built in mass quantities. The sudden influx of tourists paved the way for the plethora of restaurants, bars, shops, and tour services now offered in the area. The progress to major tourist destination was a fast one for Puerto Penasco. By 2000, it was one of the most popular beach destinations in Mexico.
Today, Puerto Penasco is as booming as ever – which is obvious by the still-strong tourist push for the area. Resorts keep going up, restaurants are popping up all over the place, and more people travel to Puerto Penasco each year than the last. In some ways, it is sad that a town that was once so small is now dominated by tourism, but most of the locals don't seem to mind too much. It has brought a whole new feel to the area and supplied numerous jobs. In fact, with the decline of the fishing industry (due in large part to overfishing and pollution), tourism has become an essential part of Puerto Penasco's economy. Without it the town just might not exist for very much longer.
When you visit Puerto Penasco on vacation, be sure to truly appreciate its history. Though it is a relatively new settlement, its brief history has been very exciting. Understanding the local people and what the city has gone through will greatly improve your stay.


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Martin Miles, the creator of Canberrahouse.com, has posted copies of the fact sheets he wrote for the recent Sydney and Canberra tour. They are a great and informative read. Please note that the Roche House did not end up participating in the tour but we have, however, kept the fact sheet available.
You can download them here.
Thanks Martin!


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Job Title: Storekeeper
Employer: Tanzania Water and Environmental Sanitation (TWESA)
Location: Nyarugusu Camp, Kigoma region
Duration: Full-time position with contract until 31st December 2016
Application deadline: 17:00hrs on Tuesday 10th May 2016
Job Description
TWESA is a Tanzanian NGO that was formed in 1997 to relieve suffering of disaster victims in emergencies and of poor communities in needy areas, through development and implementation of improved and protected water supply, environmental sanitation and hygiene.
TWESA implements water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services and facilities in the Kagera and Kigoma regions of Tanzania, including in the Nyarugusu, Nduta and Mtendeli refugees camps.
All TWESA employees are expected to work in accordance with the organisation's core values: accountability, impartiality, compassion, non-discrimination and excellence. These attitudes and beliefs shall guide our actions and relationships. TWESA is an equal opportunity employer – women and people with disabilities are encouraged to apply.
Roles and Responsibilities
The Storekeeper's main responsibilities will be receiving, deliveries, coordinating stocks, documenting stores/warehouse transactions, maintaining records and overseeing storage of surplus inventory for TWESA Kasulu.
1. Ensure that the issued and received goods records are well kept in the bin card.
2. Responsible for the warehouse cleanliness, arrangements and safety.
3. Report to logistics all the items received and issued in and out the warehouse daily.
4. Supervise the on loading of the items from the warehouse to sites so that the requested items will be the ones loaded.
5. Assist the logistics on evaluating the supplies before they enter the warehouse and be recorded in bin cards and ledgers
6. Maintain the physical amount in the warehouse according to the balance appearing in the card of each item.
7. Report to the logistics on the items to be procured as soon as possible so as to avoid any delay sin field activities.
8. Make self-imposed checks between perpetual records and actual stock and investigate any discrepancies with report to the logistics officer.
9. Issue tools and goods against a properly authorized requisition and adjust stock control cads/books accordingly.
Required academic qualifications
Minimum of Diploma in stores management or similar qualification.
Desired professional competencies
• At least 2 years' experience in stores management
• Knowledge of stock inventory procedures, requisitions etc
• Computer literacy, including MS Office, email and internet
• Good negotiation skills
• Experience in working with/in NGOs
• Excellent oral and written communication skills in both English and Swahili
Desired personal competencies
• Able to engage positively with colleagues, beneficiaries, donors and partners
• Able to work both independently and as part of a team
• Excellent time management skills
• Able to work under pressure
How to Apply
Applications are accepted from Tanzanian citizens only. Women are encouraged to apply.
Please send your CV and cover letter to firstname.lastname@example.com.
Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted. Please mention the position "Storekeeper" in your email subject.
Applications must be received by 1700hrs on Tuesday 10th May 2016.
For more information, please email email@example.com or call +255 222 460 301


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A mishmash of prehistoric fact and fancy, well overmatched by illustrations featuring images of full-sized dinos that look just as real as the photographed children who pose around or on them.
With a similar premise to Bernard Most's classic If the Dinosaurs Came Back (1978) but without even its loose brand of internal logic, the author introduces 26 dinosaurs by name and suggests a supposed occupation or consequence. These often appear to be entirely arbitrary: "If a Tarbosaurus lived in my town… / …he and his cousin, Tyrannosaurus Rex, could have a hamburger eating contest!" In frequently clumsy phrasing (Corythosaurus "had hundreds of little teeth inside of her cheeks to chew with"), added dinosaur "Factprints" on each spread offer mixes of "facts" that sometimes contradict fossil evidence, as with a claim that Liopleurodon was larger than the blue whale. Others are just pure speculation: Maiasaura "would be very gentle with tiny human children" and Parasaurolophus calls "sounded like notes played on a French horn, or even a deep-throated trombone or bassoon." On the other hand, though many bear human expressions, Eggleton's dinosaurs are both realistically detailed and convincingly integrated into playgrounds and other familiar modern settings. The most recent reference in the bibliography is dated 2006, and one is as old as 1988.
Eye-brightening visuals in search of a better text. (index, not seen) (Picture book. 7-9)


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Anywho! What do I have going on this week? Well, still waiting on my second Kona solid to arrive via mail so I can cut it up into 10" squares for Jane's swap. I have papaya and blush pink.
I have my Bottled Rainbows all stacked up and waiting while I finish a second orange.
I also volunteered to be a pattern tester for Michelle over at CityHouseStudio for this cute little bag. I have been dying to try out quilting letters. I can't decide if I want to quilt them or applique them. Either way it's adorable. Gotta get started on that one soon too. Mitzi reminded me that I also need to have 3 granny squares made for Monday's quilt guild meeting. I totally forgot but luckily they come together pretty quickly.
Still no word on when Seussical practice starts but I think it's going to be fun!
Still no word on when Seussical practice starts but I think it's going to be fun!


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- BBP-type Formula Database
Mathematical constants who can be represented by BBP-type formula have the property that their n-th digit can be directly calculated without needing to compute any of the first (n-1) digits. This online database presents a comprehensive compilation of both formal and experimental BBP-type formulae.
The Inverse Symbolic Calculator 2 (ISC2) uses a combination of lookup tables and integer relation algorithms in order to associate with a user-defined, truncated decimal expansion (represented as a floating point expression) a closed form representation for the real number.
- DocServer repository
The DocServer repository is a preprint server for CARMA and related authors.
- Books:
Convex Functions
Resources and errata for Convex Functions by Jonathan M. Borwein and Jon D. Vanderwerff (Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications 109).
Lattice Sums Then and Now
Resources and errata for Lattice Sums Then and Now by Jonathan M. Borwein, Larry Glasser, Ross McPhedran, James Wan and John Zucker (Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications 150).
Neverending Fractions
Resources and errata for Neverending Fractions by Jonathan M. Borwein, Alf van der Poorten, Jeffrey Shallit and Wadim Zudilin (Australian Mathematical Society Lecture Series 23).
- Convex Functions
- Electronic Journal of Graph Theory and Applications
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While there were specialized uses for the dagger, it tended to be viewed as a thrown weapon or something an assasin would use. An example of the specialized uses were the ermei piercers and ring daggers. Both were designed for use in water with variations mainly focused on being able to swim and still have control of the weapon. Recon is the obvious reason but I wasn't there so I can't verify this information in a non-vague manner.
Some other uses which came to light recently was for the use of a knife in urban settings. While it should have been obvious to me, there are places that you can't take a sword. The Dagger was specialized for killing and made a perfect weapon to carry into small spaces. When people carried knives to eat with, a household could not garantee the safty of all the guests. The host began to provide utensils so people would not have a reason to pull their own knife. The dagger design became more popular shortly after this new custom became popular. It also has impressive applications in a close quarter combat role. The survival/hunting knives are still better but the dagger is easier to fabricate and cheeper to maintain.


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- Research article
- Open Access
Characterization of a β-glucanase produced by Rhizopus microsporus var. microsporus, and its potential for application in the brewing industry
- Klecius R Silveira Celestino1,
- Ricardo B Cunha2 and
- Carlos R Felix1Email author
© Celestino et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2006
- Received: 03 July 2006
- Accepted: 05 December 2006
- Published: 05 December 2006
In the barley malting process, partial hydrolysis of β-glucans begins with seed germination. However, the endogenous 1,3-1,4-β-glucanases are heat inactivated, and the remaining high molecular weight β-glucans may cause severe problems such as increased brewer mash viscosity and turbidity. Increased viscosity impairs pumping and filtration, resulting in lower efficiency, reduced yields of extracts, and lower filtration rates, as well as the appearance of gelatinous precipitates in the finished beer. Therefore, the use of exogenous β-glucanases to reduce the β-glucans already present in the malt barley is highly desirable.
The zygomycete microfungus Rhizopus microsporus var. microsporus secreted substantial amounts of β-glucanase in liquid culture medium containing 0.5% chitin. An active protein was isolated by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatographies of the β-glucanase activity-containing culture supernatant. This isolated protein hydrolyzed 1,3-1,4-β-glucan (barley β-glucan), but showed only residual activity against 1,3-β-glucan (laminarin), or no activity at all against 1,4-β-glucan (cellulose), indicating that the R. microsporus var. microsporus enzyme is a member of the EC 126.96.36.199 category. The purified protein had a molecular mass of 33.7 kDa, as determined by mass spectrometry. The optimal pH and temperature for hydrolysis of 1,3-1,4-β-glucan were in the ranges of 4–5, and 50–60°C, respectively. The Km and Vmax values for hydrolysis of β-glucan at pH 5.0 and 50°C were 22.39 mg.mL-1 and 16.46 mg.min-1, respectively. The purified enzyme was highly sensitive to Cu+2, but showed less or no sensitivity to other divalent ions, and was able to reduce both the viscosity and the filtration time of a sample of brewer mash. In comparison to the values determined for the mash treated with two commercial glucanases, the relative viscosity value for the mash treated with the 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase produced by R. microsporus var. microsporus. was determined to be consistently lower.
The zygomycete microfungus R. microsporus var. microsporus produced a 1,3-1,4-β-D-glucan 4-glucanhydrolase (EC 184.108.40.206) which is able to hydrolyze β-D-glucan that contains both the 1,3- and 1,4-bonds (barley β-glucans). Its molecular mass was 33.7 kDa. Maximum activity was detected at pH values in the range of 4–5, and temperatures in the range of 50–60°C. The enzyme was able to reduce both the viscosity of the brewer mash and the filtration time, indicating its potential value for the brewing industry.
- Chitin
- Sodium Acetate Buffer
- Filtration Time
- Brewing Industry
- Bacillus Halodurans
1,3-1,4-β-Glucans are polysaccharides, components of the cell walls of higher members of the Poaceae family. They areparticularly abundant in the endosperm cell walls of commercially valuable cereals such as barley, rye, sorghum, oats and wheat [1]. Structurally, these polysaccharides are linear glucans of up to 1,200 β-D-glucosyl residues linked through β-1,3 and β-1,4 glycosyl bonds. Variations in the proportions of β-1,3-(25–30%) and β-1,4-linkages, and in the length of the mixed-linked segments are currrently reported [2]. During malt production, partial hydrolysis of barley β-glucans begins with seed germination [13]. However, the endogenous 1,3-1,4-β-glucanases are heat inactivated, and the remaining high molecular weight β-glucans may cause severe problems such as increased brewer mash viscosity and turbidity[14]. Increased viscosity impairs pumping and filtration, causing lower efficiency, reduced yields of extracts, and lower filtration rates, as well as the appearance of gelatinous precipitates in the finished beer [2]. Thus, both the level of glucan-hydrolysing activities achieved during germination and the amounts of their substrates, mainly 1,3-1,4-β-glucan, are important factors in the production of high quality malts. Addition of exogenous 1,3-1,4-β-glucanases to the mash could therefore be an outstanding option for improving the brewing process. However, the β-glucanases currently marketed do not really meet the brewing industry's needs, mainly due to economic factors. Novel 1,3-1,4-β-glucanases with uncommon features would be highly desirable. Here we report on the production, purification and partial characterization of a 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase produced by R. microsporus var. microsporus, considering as well its potential for use in the brewing industry.
Results and Discussion
Enzyme production
Hydrolysis of glucan substrates by the R. microsporus purified β-glucanase. ΔAbs 550 nm represents the net absorbance of the reaction mixture after incubation for 0.5 h with the enzyme at 50°C.
ΔAbs550 nm
Laminarin (1,3-β-glucan)
CM-cellulose (1,4-β-glucan)
Barley β-glucan (1,3-1,4-β-glucan)
Enzyme Purification
Summary of the purification protocol of the 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase produced by Rhizopus microsporus var. microsporus.
Total Protein(mg)
Total Activity(U)
Specific activity(U.mg-1)
Purification (-fold)
Concentrated crude extract
Sephacryl S-100 eluate
SP – Sepharose eluate
Enzyme specificity
The R. microsporus purified β-glucanase was tested for its ability to hydrolyze several other glucan substrates. As may be seen in table 2, only the barley β-glucan was efficiently hydrolyzed, as indicated by the much higher net absorbance. In comparison to the activity against the 1,3-1,4-β-glucan, very low or no activity at all was shown by the enzyme against the substrates laminarin (1,3-β-glucan) and CM-cellulose (soluble 1,4-β-glucan), indicating clearly that the enzyme may be taken as a member of the EC 188.8.131.52 enzyme category.
Effect of pH and temperature optima
Effect of metal ions
Effect of metal ions on the activity of the purified 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase from Rhizopus microsporus var. microsporus.
Residual activity (%)
Cu+2 (12 mM)
Mg+2 (12 mM)
Fe+3 (12 mM)
Zn+2 (12 mM)
Mn+2 (12 mM)
Ca+2 (12 mM)
Al+3 (12 mM)
Kinetic Parameters
Capillary Viscosimetry and Filtration rate
Total protein in the enzyme samples, filtration time, filtration time reduction and specific filtration time reduction of the brewer's mash not treated or treated with enzymes.
Total Protein in the enzyme sample (μg)
Filtration time (seconds)
Filtration time reduction (%)
Specific filtration time reduction (%/μg)
R. microsporus var microsporus enzyme
1854.5 × 10-3
Commercial enzyme A
75.9 × 10-3
Commercial enzyme B
95.8 × 10-3
Total protein in the enzyme samples, viscosity, viscosity reduction and specific viscosity reduction of the brewer's mash not treated or treated with enzymes.
Total Protein in the enzyme sample (μg)
Viscosity (cP)
Viscosity reduction (%)
Specific viscosity reduction (%/μg)
R. microsporus var microsporus enzyme
763 × 10-3
Commercial enzyme A
14.2 × 10-3
Commercial enzyme B
17.3 × 10-3
The zygomycete Rhizopus microsporus var. microsporus produced a 1,3-1,4-β-D-glucan 4-glucanhydrolase (EC 22.214.171.124) which could hydrolyze β-D-glucan substrate containing both 1,3- and 1,4-bonds. Its molecular mass as determined by both electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) was about 33.7 kDa. Its optimum pH and temperature were found to be in the ranges of 4–5 and 50–60°C, respectively. Kinetic analysis and its capacity to reduce both the viscosity of the brewer mash and the filtration time, indicate the possibility to use this enzyme in the brewing industry.
Barley 1,3-1,4-β-glucan, chitin, CM-cellulose, manan, xylan, laminarin, molecular mass standard proteins and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were from Sigma Chemical Co., USA. Sephacryl S-100 and SP-Sepharose were from Pharmacia-LKT, Sweden. All other chemicals were of analytical grade.
Organism and enzyme production
The aerobic zygomycete microfungus Rhizopus microsporus var. microsporus was isolated from a malt silo. The fungus was maintained at 4°C, after growing for 48 hours in TLE modified solid medium [(0.5% chitin, 0.2% KH2PO4, 0.14%(NH4)2SO4, 0.03% MgSO4.7H2O, 0.0152% CaCl2, 0.02% glucose, 1.0 mL of 0.01% trace elements solutions (Fe+2, Mn+2, Zn+2, Co+2), 0.003% bactopeptone, 0.003% urea, and 2% agar, pH 6.8)], at 40°C.
For enzyme production, one liter Erlemeyer flasks containing 250 mL of the liquid medium (TLE with no agar), were inoculated with 150 cm2 blocks of solid medium taken from 2-day old R. microsporus var. microsporus cultures. Liquid cultures were then incubated for 24 hours with agitation (120 rpm) at 40°C. The culture supernatants were then separated from the mycelium by filtration, using filter paper. The supernatants were then freeze-dried and used either for enzyme assay or enzyme purification as described in the following sections.
Enzyme assay
1,3-1,4-β-glucanase activity was assayed by the reducing-sugar method [6] with β-1,3-β-1,4-glucan as the substrate. The assay system consisted of 50 μL of 1% (wt/vol) β-glucan dissolved in 100 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0, and 50 μL enzyme sample. The reaction was allowed to proceed for 30 min at 50°C, and was then stopped by the addition of 300 μL dinitrosalicylate reagent [6], and 5 min of boiling. The absorbance of the reaction mixture was determined at 550 nm using a Perkin Elmer mod. Lambda 11/Bio spectrophotometer. The amount of reducing sugar produced was determined using a curve constructed with glucose as standard. One unit of enzyme was defined as the amount of protein necessary to produce one μmol of reducing sugars.min-1.
The assays for xylanase, cellulase, 1,3-β-glucanase and mananase were performed as for 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase, except for the use of the substrates carboximetilcellulose, laminarin and manan, respectively. For chitinase the enzyme system consisted of 100 μL of enzyme sample, regenerated chitin 0,5% in 50 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.2 [35]. The reaction was allowed to run for 12h at 37°C and stopped by addition of dinitrosalycilic reagent. The amount of reducing sugar produced was quantified using a standard curve constructed with glucose.
Purifications of the 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase from Rhizopus microsporus var. microsporus
The supernatants from cultures of R. microsporus var. microsporus grown in liquid medium containing β-glucan were concentrated by ultrafiltration [(Amicon system; 10 k-Da cut-off membrane (PM10)]. Aliquots of concentrated β-glucanase were loaded on a Sephacryl S-100 gel column (2.5 × 40 cm), equilibrated and eluted with 50 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0. Elution was performed at a flow rate of 24 mL.h-1, and fractions of 4.0 mL were collected. Active fractions were pooled and applied on a SP-Sepharose ion-exchange column (3.0 × 15 cm), previously equilibrated and eluted with 50 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0, and further eluted with a linear gradient formed with 100 mL of the acetate buffer and 100 mL of the same buffer containing 1 M NaCl. Elution was carried out at a flow rate of 24 mL.h-1, and fractions of 4 mL were collected. The resulting active fractions were pooled and dialyzed overnight against distilled water at 4°C, concentrated by ultrafiltration as above, and stored at -20°C until their use.
Protein determination
Protein was determined by the Bradford method [7], with bovine serum albumin as standard.
Enzyme samples were examined by electrophoresis under denaturing conditions in polyacrylamide slab gels (SDS-PAGE) as described by Laemmli [8]. Protein bands in the gel were visualized by the silver staining method [9].
Mass spectrometry
1,3-1,4-β-glucanase was analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry with a Reflex IV mass spectrometer (Bruker Daltonik, Bremen, Germany) in linear positive mode. The purified enzyme sample (50 μg) was dissolved in 50 μL of 0.1 % (v/v) TFA, from which 1 μL was mixed with 1 μL of a saturated matrix solution of sinapinic acid dissolved in 50% (v/v) acetonitrile and 0.1% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid, and applied to the MALDI plate. BSA was used for external mass calibration.
Effects of ions
The effects of several metallic ions (Cu+2, Mg+2, Fe+3, Zn+2, Ca+2, and Al+3) on the purified 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase were tested measuring the activity of the enzyme at 50°C (see 1,3-1,4–β-glucanase assay) in the presence of the ions.
pH and temperature optima
The effect of temperature on the enzyme was carried out at the temperature range of from 4° to 70°C, at pH 5.0 (in 50 mM sodium acetate buffer). The optimum pH value was determined by monitoring the enzyme activity at 50°C at pH values from 3.0 to 9.0. The following buffers were used: pH 3.0 – 6.0, 50 mM sodium acetate; pH 7.0, 50 mM sodium phosphate; and pH 8.0 – 9.0, 50 mM tris-HCl.
Kinetic Parameters
For determination of kinetic parameters, the enzyme assays were performed at 50°C, using 1,3-1,4-β-glucan at concentrations varying from 0.05 to 2.0 % dissolved in 50 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0. Km, Kcat and Vmax values were obtained using a Michaelis-Menten plot with a non-linear regression data analysis program [10].
Preparation of the mash
12.5 g of malt was triturated in a hammer mill (MAROTEC), drizzled into a sieve of 0.2 mm spacing, and dissolved in 50 mL of sodium acetate buffer (100 mM, pH 5.5), pre-heated to 45°C. Reaction started with 1.0 mL of enzyme sample taken from chromatography on a Sephacryl S-100 column, and allowed to proceed for 30 min at 45°C, followed by other periods of 10 min at 50°C, 15 min at 60°C, 60 min at 70°C, and 5 min of boiling. The reaction was then stopped by the addition of 100 mL of cold water and immediate cooling in an ice-water bath at about 20°C.
Capillary viscosimetry
Decrease in mash viscosity was measured by capillary viscosimetry using an Oswald viscosimeter [12, 20]. Samples of 30 mL of mash were filtered using filter paper and placed in a viscosimeter at 20°C. Mash viscosity in the absence of enzyme was used as a control. The specific viscosity rate was calculated using the following equations:
μmash = (μwater × Tmash × ρmash)/(Twater × ρwater) (1)
Δμ = (μmash control – μmash) × 100/(μmash control) (2)
Δμφ = Δμ/δ (3)
Where μ is the viscosity, T is the flow time, Δμ is viscosity reduction, δ is total protein, Δμφ is specific viscosity rate and ρ is the density.
Filtration rate
The filtration rate was determined by filtration of 50 mL of mash through a filter paper [12]. Filtration rate in the absence of enzyme was used as a control. The specific filtration rate was calculated using the following equations:
Δψ = (ψmash control – ψmash) × 100/(ψmash control) (4)
Δψφ = Δψ/δ (5)
CRF acknowledge the scholarship awarded by CNPq (process: 305123/2005-0).
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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CHLLNGR "Haven"
Despite toting a seemingly blissful name and incorporating a fair share of African-style percussion, there is absolutely nothing warm about "Haven," the first track to surface from CHLLNGR's forthcoming album of the same name. Instead, the young producer has crafted a piece of work that is even colder than his Copenhagen base, something like the aural equivalent of entering an ice cathedral. Donning an assortment of haunting pads and distant piano chops, CHLLNGR unleashes a barrage of controlled and intricately placed drums which revolve around the track's slower-moving elements before laying a skillfully chopped and pitched—and absolutely chilling—vocal sample on top. CHLLNGR's new LP doens't hit the streets until next Tuesday, July 5, so for now we suggest you bundle up and get to downloading.
CHLLNGR -Haven


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Hi to all SSS readers and authors! Thanks for stopping by. In this excerpt my lead character just suffered an experience that changes her world and her future...
She didn't believe in the paranormal.
Until tonight.
She was a left-brain thinker. She worked off evidence.
He had red eyes, a touch that burned and superhuman
strength. He took her back in time to another battle, and a
woman named Sara.
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