text:
Personal Injury Frequently Asked Questions
Find answers to questions about Mr. Shurman's firm, or about your injury claim below by clicking the topic titles.
About Mr. Shurman
- What sort of cases do you handle?
- What experience do you have?
- If I have been injured, when should I call you?
- Who will handle my case if I hire your firm?
- What do you charge to discuss my case with me?
Personal injury
- How much is my injury case worth?
Auto accidents
- Can bad behavior on behalf of the other driver increase the value of my claim?
Workers compensation
- How might I jeopardize my workers compensation benefits?
- Under what circumstances could I be denied workers compensation benefits as a result of an on-the-job injury?
- Do I have to be injured at the workplace to receive workers compensation?
- What compensation will I receive?
- Must I see an insurance company doctor, or can I see my own doctor?
Dog bites
- What is the "one free bite" rule?
- Which jurisdiction covers dog bites — state or local?
- What do leash laws cover?
Contact Atlanta law firm for complete answers to your personal injury questions
For detailed answers to your unique personal injury matter, Call Gregory S. Shurman, LLC at 404-248-3930 or contact the firm online to schedule your free consultation.
About Mr. Shurman
What sort of cases do you handle?
We represent individuals who have been injured due to someone else's fault; including auto wrecks, motorcycle wrecks, trucking accidents, wrongful death and workers' compensation. We are experienced in obtaining compensation for a wide range of injuries, such as brain injury, spinal cord injury, broken bones, crush injuries and scarring.
What experience do you have?
Attorney Gregory Shurman has been practicing law in the area of personal injury since 1994. He's tried countless cases before both judges and juries throughout the State of Georgia, and is a Duke Law School graduate. He and his staff know what it takes to get you the compensation you deserve.
If I have been injured, when should I call you?
Immediately. The sooner we are able to learn about your claim and advise you, the more effectively we are able to recover for you.
Who will handle my case if I hire your firm?
A team is created for every one of our clients. The team is headed by myself, and may include a case manager, paralegal, and additional attorney support. We strive to ensure every case is properly staffed.
What do you charge to discuss my case with me?
Nothing. Your consultation is free.
Personal injury
How much is my injury case worth?
Many factors determine how much compensation you may receive, some of which are as follows:
Contact Gregory S. Shurman, LLC for a free consultation on your injury case.
Auto accidents
Can bad behavior on behalf of the other driver increase the value of my claim?
Yes. If the driver who caused your injuries was under the influence of drugs or alcohol, or was otherwise driving recklessly, you may be entitled to additional "punitive" damages.
Workers compensation
How might I jeopardize my workers compensation benefits?
Your claim may be denied if you fail to report injuries promptly or fail to cooperate with your employer and authorized treating physician regarding medical evaluations, treatment, rehabilitation services and claim investigation. Your claim can also be denied if you refuse to return to suitable employment. Some other reasons for denial of claims include submittal of fraudulent information, refusal to take a drug test, and refusal to submit to a medical examination by the authorized treating physician, at reasonable times.
Under what circumstances could I be denied workers compensation benefits as a result of an on-the-job injury?
Benefits may not be payable if you are injured while engaged in willful misconduct or if your injury is due to the use of alcohol, drugs or the misuse of controlled substances.
Do I have to be injured at the workplace to receive workers compensation?
No. As long as your injury is related to your job, it may be covered by workers compensation. If you are injured while traveling on business, running errands for business, or even attending a social function required by your work, your injury may be covered by workers compensation.
What compensation will I receive?
In general, benefits include replacement income (two-thirds of your average wage up to a limit), medical expenses and payment for any permanent injury you may have incurred.
Depending on the severity of your injury, you may also qualify for Social Security Disability benefits.
Must I see an insurance company doctor, or can I see my own doctor?
Since the workers compensation insurer is paying your benefits, you must see a doctor approved by the company. However, you should be given an opportunity to choose a doctor from an approved list of doctors. Further, you may change doctors if you are dissatisfied with the first one.
Dog bites
What is the "one free bite" rule?
In Georgia, the owner is not held liable for the first bite the dog inflicts. Once an animal has demonstrated vicious behavior—biting or otherwise displaying a "vicious propensity"—the owner can be held liable.
Which jurisdiction covers dog bites — state or local?
Both. In addition to Georgia state laws, your local communities might also have animal laws covering bites, leashing and vaccinations. Your local laws might ban ownership of certain breeds, too.
What do leash laws cover?
Most communities require dogs to be leashed unless they are confined to a house or fenced yard, even on the owner's property. Failing to adhere to the leash laws combined with dog biting may increase potential penalties.
The Law Offices of Gregory Shurman are here to serve the Atlanta, Chamblee, Oak Grove, Lenox, Brookhaven and Buckhead area. We are proudly located close to zip codes 30329, 30024, 30045, and 30033.


text:
|Xabi Alonso played the role of 'Master Conductor' Last Night
|With more space, better interplay between the attacking 4 was much easier.
The biggest impact on this game clearly came from the front 4 of Di Maria, Ozil, Cristiano Ronaldo & Higuain, each of them getting a goal (CR7 got 2), assisting each other for the most part to create these chances. Euphoria however should be something that we should all watch out for (perhaps it's a good thing there's an international break to cool things down a bit) as one must note that most critical milestone of the game: the opening goal at 4' to give us the 1-0. I was in fact Casillas who said: "The key was to score early in the game""
|Mourinho's 'humility' might also actually be to keep control of the Euphoria of the Madrid media

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Is Vodka Fattening
Is Vodka Fattening?
Is vodka fattening? Some say yes it is, some say no it's not. Obviously both statements can't be true. Even the statement vodka can be fattening, which is true, doesn't really settle the argument. Furthermore, some heavy drinkers are fat, or at least support a beer belly, while other heavy drinkers are thin as a rail and look like death warmed over. It would seem that in some instances alcohol, or vodka if you wish, would put on pounds, and in other cases could make one's body slowly waste away.
Is vodka fattening? Forbes, a leading financial publication not too long ago put together a list of what were considered to be the 10 most fattening cocktails. We're not talking about straight shots of vodka or any other liquor, but we're talking about cocktails. Of these 10, 4 had vodka as one of the ingredients, including the top ranked cocktail, listed at 780 calories, Long Island Iced Tea.
This however does not mean vodka is the main culprit. Long Island Iced Tea also contains equal parts of tequila, rum, and gin. Added to this potent mix is Coke, sweet and sour mix, and triple sec. The combination yields a healthy dose of alcohol calories and sugar calories.
The White Russian is also high on the list although it only weighs in at 425 calories per drink. Here we have 2 ounces of vodka mixed with 1 1/2 ounces of coffee liqueur, and 1 1/2 ounces of heavy cream. The alcohol no doubt contributes the bulk of the calories but the heavy cream sounds - heavy.
A Vodka Tonic will yields 200 calories, less than a third of Long Island Iced Tea, and consists of 2 ounces of vodka, 5 ounces of tonic water, and a lime wedge. The lime wedge is at least low in calories, and is nutritious as well. The real culprit is the sugar found in the tonic water.
Finally, we have the 150 calorie Cosmopolitan, vodka, triple sec, lime juice and cranberry juice. The problem with this drink is that many bars use lime syrup, packed with sugar, rather than lime juice.
Two Things To Consider - It would seem then if we were to drink these cocktails like the Russians do, in other words throw out everything but the vodka, the calorie count would go way down, and we'd only get plastered instead of fat. In that case it might be safe to claim that vodka isn't fattening. There are a couple of things to consider however before establishing that claim as a fact.
The cocktails listed above are tasty and enjoyable, or they wouldn't be popular. One of the best tasting of the most fattening cocktails is the Mai Tai, which is heavy on the rum. The point is, any alcohol, including rum and vodka, can contribute to weight gain in two ways, one from the calories contained, and the other, and perhaps the primary factor, is that taking in alcohol is often associated with eating too much fattening food at the same sitting.
A Vodka Diet? - What would happen if you only drank alcohol or vodka and didn't eat food, besides the obvious? Our bodies do not treat alcohol calories the same as normal food calories present in sugars, starches, and carbohydrates, which when not burned are stored as fat. What the body does with alcohol is converts a small portion of it, roughly 5%, into fat. That's not necessarily too bad, although it can add up. The remainder of the alcohol is treated by the liver, as long as the liver holds up, and turned into acetate. Acetate is a fuel, just as is fat, a good thing.
The problem is, the body burns this acetate as a fuel, but in doing so does not burn stored fat, which is how we lose weight. If stored fat is not burned, it will simply remain stored, and if more fattening foods are eaten, more fat will be stored, and if more vodka is being consumed, that additional fat will remain stored.
In that sense, vodka can make us fat, but what is really happening is the vodka, and the resulting acetates are not allowing our body to burn away fat reserves, so it's really the combination of vodka with the foods we eat, or the combination of vodka with the other ingredients in a cocktail, heavy cream, sugar, and often carbohydrates, that does the damage.
Having said all that, the answer to the question -"is vodka fattening?" - is yes and no.


text:
Understanding the meaning of path dependency for negotiations – The climate change talks as example of contextualization
Research Fellow/ Graduate Student
Penetrante, Dr Ariel Macaspac
University of Leipzig, Allemagne
Claiming that history matters in negotiations is a commonly accepted notion among policy makers and researchers. Nevertheless, there seems to be much difficulty in providing answers as to how history actually matters, and how things in the past are not only determining the current behavior of decision makers but also defining the sets of possible subsequent decisions. For example, looking at the climate change regime building process, which already started long before the Rio convention of 1992, involves a historical process that is difficult to grasp. The current climate change context is highly dependent on how the scientific community and advocacy groups have built consensual knowledge in the past. Put simply, the possibly trajectories of negotiation systems are dependent upon the individuals involved and the methodologies they use.
This paper confirms not only that history matters, but that history may matter differently to different interest groups. Path dependence acknowledges the unpredictability of the regime building process by drawing attention to the context, or the initial conditions, of decision-making. However, the outcome is not completely dependent on these initial conditions, as self-reinforcing events and externalities may also occur. Path dependence shows how norms and procedures have been institutionalized through various learning processes to facilitate future interactions between actors. Path dependence confirms that institutions aim to manage cooperative processes, and to enable contingent decision making.
negotiations, path dependence, climate change, decision-making


text:
- Research article
- Open Access
3' tag digital gene expression profiling of human brain and universal reference RNA using Illumina Genome Analyzer
© Asmann et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2009
- Received: 6 July 2009
- Accepted: 16 November 2009
- Published: 16 November 2009
Massive parallel sequencing has the potential to replace microarrays as the method for transcriptome profiling. Currently there are two protocols: full-length RNA sequencing (RNA-SEQ) and 3'-tag digital gene expression (DGE). In this preliminary effort, we evaluated the 3' DGE approach using two reference RNA samples from the MicroArray Quality Control Consortium (MAQC).
Using Brain RNA sample from multiple runs, we demonstrated that the transcript profiles from 3' DGE were highly reproducible between technical and biological replicates from libraries constructed by the same lab and even by different labs, and between two generations of Illumina's Genome Analyzers. Approximately 65% of all sequence reads mapped to mitochondrial genes, ribosomal RNAs, and canonical transcripts. The expression profiles of brain RNA and universal human reference RNA were compared which demonstrated that DGE was also highly quantitative with excellent correlation of differential expression with quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, one lane of 3' DGE sequencing, using the current sequencing chemistry and image processing software, had wider dynamic range for transcriptome profiling and was able to detect lower expressed genes which are normally below the detection threshold of microarrays.
3' tag DGE profiling with massive parallel sequencing achieved high sensitivity and reproducibility for transcriptome profiling. Although it lacks the ability of detecting alternative splicing events compared to RNA-SEQ, it is much more affordable and clearly out-performed microarrays (Affymetrix) in detecting lower abundant transcripts.
- Sequencing Depth
- Digital Gene Expression
- ENSEMBL Gene
- Affymetrix Microarray
- Illumina Genome Analyzer
The transcriptome can be profiled by high throughput techniques including SAGE [1], microarray [2, 3], and sequencing of clones from cDNA libraries [4, 5]. For more than a decade, oligo-nucleotide microarrays have been the method of choice providing high throughput and affordable costs. However, microarray technology suffers from well-known limitations including insufficient sensitivity for quantifying lower abundant transcripts, narrow dynamic range and non-specific hybridizations. Additionally, microarrays are limited to only measuring known/annotated transcripts and often suffer from inaccurate annotations [6]. Sequencing-based methods such as SAGE rely upon cloning and sequencing cDNA fragments. This approach allows quantification of mRNA abundance by counting the number of times cDNA fragments from a corresponding transcript are represented in a given sample, assuming that cDNA fragments sequenced contain sufficient information to identify a transcript. Sequencing-based approaches have a number of significant technical advantages over hybridization-based microarray methods. The output from sequence-based protocols is digital, rather than analog, obviating the need for complex algorithms for data normalization and summarization while allowing for more precise quantification and greater ease of comparison between results obtained from different samples. Consequently the dynamic range is essentially infinite, if one accumulates enough sequence tags. Sequence based approaches do not require prior knowledge of the transcriptome and are therefore useful for discovery and annotation of novel transcripts as well as for analysis of poorly annotated genomes. However, until recently the application of sequencing technology in transcriptome profiling has been limited by high cost, by the need to amplify DNA through bacterial cloning, and by the traditional Sanger approach of sequencing by chain termination [7].
The next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology [8–10] eliminates some of these barriers, enabling massive parallel sequencing at a high but reasonable cost for small studies. The technology essentially reduces the transcriptome to a series of randomly fragmented segments of a few hundred nucleotides in length. These are amplified by a process that retains spatial clustering of the PCR produces, and individual clusters were sequenced in parallel by one of several technologies [7]. Current NGS platforms include the Roche 454 Genome Sequencer, Illumina's Genome Analyzer, and Applied Biosystems' SOLiD. These platforms can analyze tens to hundreds of millions of DNA fragments simultaneously, generate giga-bases of sequence information from a single run, and have revolutionized SAGE and cDNA sequencing technology [11, 12]. For example, the 3' tag Digital Gene Expression (DGE) uses oligo-dT priming for first strand cDNA synthesis, generates libraries that are enriched in the 3' untranslated regions of polyadenylated mRNAs, and produces 20-21 base cDNA tags. It's reported that 99.8% of 21-base tags occur only once in human genome [13], while analyses based on actual sequence information from approximately 16,000 known genes suggest that >75% of 21-base pair tags are expected to occur only once in the human genome, with the remaining tags matching duplicated genes or repeat sequences [13]. The work reported in this manuscript effectively generates 20-base pair tags and the % of tags mapped to multiple locations on genome would be slightly higher. The 3' tag DGE profiling using Illumina Genome Analyzer II generates up to 10-12 million reads from individual libraries of unique, positionally known 20- or 21- base pair 3' cDNA tags. DGE technology generates such extensive sequencing depth-of-coverage that single copy resolution of gene expression quantification should be possible. For example, it's generally accepted that on average there are 350,000 transcripts expressed per cell (Illumina White Paper: mRNA Expression Analysis). Therefore a 10 million tag sequencing experiment by the Illumina GA II would detect 30 tags per transcript expressed at one copy per cell. This technology makes it possible, for the first time, to interrogate low abundance transcripts, which may comprise as much as half of the non-structural RNA within a cell. The alternative to 3' tag DGE sequencing is full-length RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), which collects both quantitative and qualitative information about the entire transcriptome. RNA-Seq is a powerful tool for identifying expressed polymorphisms as well as differentially expressed splice variants, fusion genes, transcriptional start sites, and polyadenylylation sites [14]. However, the number of reads needed to characterize whole transcript sequences, using RNA-Seq, increases the cost of measuring rare transcripts and may be more economically quantitated with 3' tag DGE profiling. Assessment of the 3' DGE method has been limited. One study used 3' tag DGE approach in mouse hippocampal expression profiling [15], and another paper compared 3' tag DGE with SAGE [15]. More research is needed for evaluation of the sensitivity, dynamic range, reproducibility, and measurement accuracy of 3' tag DGE.
Our work focuses on exploring and validating the applicability of 3' tag DGE to the quantification of transcripts. To this end, we have designed a set of experiments to assess the use of 3' tag DGE as an alternative to microarrays or to RNA-Seq. We used two RNA samples described in the MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC) project [16]: Human Brain Reference RNA (HBRR) and Universal Human Reference RNA (UHRR). The samples, from the exact batches used by the MAQC project, are commercially available to the research community and have been well-characterized by microarray (repeatedly assayed by 7 microarray platforms) and quantitative real time PCR (qPCR, 3 quantitative PCR platforms). Therefore, comparing the profiles of these two RNA samples generated by the 3' tag DGE, by microarray, and by qPCR will provide an excellent frame of reference for evaluation of the sensitivity, dynamic range, reproducibility, and accuracy of 3' tag DGE sequencing.
Library preparation and sequencing
The universal human reference RNA (UHRR) was purchased from Stratagene (catalog no.740000) and the human brain reference RNA (HBRR) was purchased from Ambion/Applied Bioscience (catalog no. AM6051). The 3' tag DGE libraries were constructed from UHRR or HBRR as described in the Illumina DGE protocol. Total RNA (1-2 μg) was fractionated using oligo-dT magnetic beads to yield poly(A+) mRNA. mRNA bound to the beads was then used as a template for first strand cDNA synthesis primed by oligo-dT and the second strand cDNA was consequently synthesized using random primers. Next, the double stranded cDNA covalently attached to oligo-dT beads was digested with DpnII. The fragments that remained attached to the beads were ligated to the Illumina GEX DpnII Adapter 1, which includes a MmeI recognition site. Therefore, the library preparation protocol allows only one tag per RNA molecule. Digestion with MmeI yielded the adapter tag linked to 20 bp of cDNA including 4 bp of the DpnII recognition site, which was ligated to GEX Adapter 2 at the site of MmeI cleavage. The resulting sequences, tagged on both 5' and 3' ends, were amplified using PCR and purified on 6% Novex TBE PAGE gels. A band corresponding to approximately 85 base pairs was cut from the gel, eluted, and concentrated by precipitation. Integrity of the tagged sequence was confirmed using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. In addition, an aliquot of each sample was TA cloned into a TOPO vector, a small number of colonies (typically 6-10) were isolated, and plasmid DNA was purified from each. Sanger sequencing was carried out to demonstrate that the libraries were composed of unique clones, each of which contained authentic 3' UTR sequences. Sequencing was carried out at Mayo Advanced Genomics Technology Center DNA sequencing lab using the Illumina Genome Analyzers I and II.
Image processing and read alignment
Illumina Pipeline Software version 1.0 was used for off-instrument data processing. Images from every sequencing cycle were converted to signal intensities using Illumina Pipeline's FireCrest v.1.9.5. Next, Bustard v.1.9.5 was run to perform base calling using the intensity values and calculate quality scores for every base. The 16-base long reads (excluding the 4-base DpnII recognition site) were aligned to DpnII tag tables generated by Stowers Institute http://research.stowers-institute.org/microarray/tag_tables/index.html using megaBLAST with word size of 12 and low-complexity region filtering turned off. Only reads that perfectly matched to tag tables without mis-matches and gaps were considered. From this set, reads that could be aligned to the Stowers' repeat tag table were excluded (the repeat tag table contains any reads aligned to ≥ 2 locations, unless all locations are from the same gene). The remaining reads were aligned to the combination of canonical (exonic and splice junction tags from protein-coding transcripts), mitochondrial (tags from any mitochondrion-associated transcripts encoded by both genomic and mitochondrial DNA), and ribosomal (tags from rRNA or tRNA) tag tables. Reads mapping on genes with multiple homologous family members were excluded from our analysis. When there were multiple types of tags aligned to different locations of the same gene, the gene expression levels are represented by the summation of all.
Microarray data analysis
Five each of Affymetrix Human Genome U133 plus2.0 CEL files for HBRR and UHRR samples from MAQC test site 1 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database (series accession number GSE5350). The CEL files were pre-processed using GC-RMA[17]. The present, marginal, or absent calls for individual probe sets were calculated by Affymetrix MAS 5.0 algorithm. Only the probe sets with "present" calls in all five samples were used in the comparison with 3' tag DGE data.
Gene ID mapping between sequencing, Affymetrix microarray, and real-time PCR data
Mapping between Affymetrix probe set ID to ENSEMBL gene was done using the Affymetrix annotation file version na27. In instances where multiple probe sets mapped to a single ENSEMBL identifier, the probe set with the highest expression was selected. The identification of gene IDs for qPCR reagents was extracted from the Affymetrix probe set IDs according to MAQC [18].
Comparison of UHRR and HBRR 3' tag DGE profiles
Eight UHRR and one HBRR libraries were prepared and compared within sample (HBRR library 1 versus HBRR library 2, etc.) and across samples (UHRR versus HBRR). The gene expression was normalized to tag counts per million total tags (counts per million tags, CPMT) in each lane of a flow cell.
Summary of 3' tag digital gene expression libraries including RNA samples, locations of the lab who prepared the libraries, and the library IDs.
Lab Location
Library ID
Flow cell lay-out for individual sequencing runs.
Run #
Lane Numbers
Run Summaries
The summary of run and alignment statistics for all libraries is provided in Additional File 1. One lane of sequencing typically generated 3-5 million reads on the GA I and 6-8 million reads on the GA II. On average 54% of the reads aligned to canonical, 6% aligned to mitochondrial, and <2% aligned to rRNA tag tables. For simplicities of comparisons to MAQC results, we merged the canonical, mitochondrial, and rRNA tag tables into one combined table in this manuscript. The remaining reads aligned to repeat (~7%), non-canonical (~3%), non-coding (~0.02%), and intergenic (~14%) tag tables. Approximately 15% of reads did not align to the reference tables.
Second, we looked at the concordance/reproducibility of gene identification across different lanes and different libraries. We asked the question: "if a gene was identified in one lane or one library, how often was it reproducibly identified in a different lane of the same library, or in a different library of the same RNA sample"? We defined a gene as being "identified" when it could be associated to at least one tag, or 1 CPMT. A total of 18,000 genes with at least one tag are identified from the combined analysis of the reads included in the 35 lanes of HBRR sequencing. Of these genes, 12,825 (71.25%) are repeatedly identified in all lanes and all libraries, with the other 5,175 (28.75%) detected by less number of lanes and/or libraries (Figure 1b). The small peak in the histogram around genes identified by 1-5 lanes reflects the groups of extremely low expressed genes whose expression levels are around the detection sensitivity threshold of DGE at current sequencing depth. As shown in Figure 1c and 1d, which illustrate the relationship between gene expression level and number of lanes in which the gene was identified (Figure 1c), and the histogram of gene expressions (Figure 1d), all genes not consistently identified in all 35 lanes had expression levels between 1-2 CPMT, or 0.35-0.7 copies per cell. Since late 2008 and early 2009 when these libraries were sequenced, the throughput of one lane of sequencing on GA II has increased to 15-20 million reads, due to new sequencing chemistry and new version of the Illumina Pipeline Software (v1.4). Therefore, we expect that the percentage of the genes repeatedly detected across lanes to be greatly improved. We calculated that theoretically up to 90% of the current 18,000 genes would be detected across all 35 lanes with this much higher sequencing capacity.
Tag to gene relationship
Transcriptome coverage vs. sequencing depth
Figure 3b plots the tag counts of the highest expressed gene obtained from the 3' tag DGE at different sequencing depths, which increase linearly as more sequences are included in the analysis. Since the total number of genes sequenced increases with higher sequencing depth, plotting the tag counts of the highest expressed gene at any given sequencing depth effectively plots the dynamic range of the experiment. Although detection of very abundant transcripts is not a challenge for any of the available technologies, accurate quantification of such mRNAs is another matter. All hybridization-based technologies are susceptible to saturation, which limits the ability to compare the level of expression of transcripts that are expressed at very high levels in certain samples. Sequence based quantification methods are theoretically not saturable and should therefore exhibit a higher limit to the dynamic range. According to literature, the highest hybridization signals of an Affymetrix GeneChip array is around 50,000 intensity units (15-16 log 2), without scaling. The actual upper limit of the dynamic range of microarrays is probably somewhat narrower if one considers optical background from the scanner and non-specific hybridizations, as well as the signal saturation. However, if one accepts the assertion that the upper limit of the dynamic range of microarrays is between 15 and 16 at Log2 scale, then the limit is comparable to that of one lane of 3' tag DGE using the older version GA I platform, which generates 3-5 million tags per lane (Figure 3b). The newer GA II platform generates 6-8 million tags per lane (as seen with our data from the GA II instrument), and the most recent iteration of the GA IIx is predicted to generate ~15-20 million tags per lane (using Illumina Pipeline Software version 1.4, Figure 3b). Increasing the total number of sequences analyzed increases the upper limit of the dynamic range of the DGE method, and Figure 3c clearly illustrates that the distribution of the higher expressed genes is not skewed, nor do the signals appear to reach a saturation point as additional sequences are accumulated. We conclude, therefore, that DGE technology has greater power for quantification of high abundance transcripts, compared to microarray technology.
3' DGE to quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) comparisons
NGS vs. Affymetrix U133Plus 2.0 microarray in gene detection
The reproducibility of gene expression levels between DGE and Affymetrix microarray was also evaluated. Additional File 3 figure S5 contains scatter plots of DGE expression versus Affymetrix expression for 10,980 ENSEMBL genes in the UHRR sample, 10,856 in the HBRR sample, and the UHRR-HBRR differential expression of 9512 genes. The Pearson correlations for the UHRR, HBRR, and UHRR-HBRR differential expression, were respectively 0.668, 0.657, and 0.895. These correlations reflect the observed agreement in expression levels determined by the two technologies. However, a subset of genes with low-expression determined by DGE has a wide range of expression levels measured by Affymetrix microarray. These genes may be reflective of cross-hybridization or incorrect annotation in the microarray data, or genes that were poorly sequenced and incorrectly measured using DGE.
Discussion and conclusion
Massively parallel sequencing for transcriptome profiling generates digital counts of gene expression levels compared to the "analog" hybridization signals from the traditional microarray or quantitative PCR methods. Our analysis highlights the precise nature of DGE profiling, as demonstrated by the high reproducibility between technical replicates of the same library run in different lanes, and between biological replicates of different libraries on the same or different flow cells runs. The correlations between technical replicates were >0.97. Although variability between biological replicates of two different libraries (L6 and L8) was less than 0.95, it is likely that the variance came from library construction and not the sequencing process, since the correlations between biological replicates of the libraries constructed at one lab (Florida) were excellent (> 0.95, Additional File 2). We also demonstrated that DGE profiling is accurate. The measurement of fold changes of genes between HBRR and UHRR was highly correlated with data obtained from qPCR. This correlation is similar to that between microarrays and qPCR.
With 20 million tags each from HBRR and UHRR library, which is the current sequencing throughput of one lane of sequencing on GA II, DGE detected 10-20% more transcripts than microarrays, a majority of which were expressed at levels below the sensitivity threshold of microarray platforms. The detection of the lower-expressed genes and the wider dynamic range have been shown to be the main advantages by DGE compared to microarray analysis, since other parameters evaluated between the two platform were mostly comparable. It has been suggested that lower expressed transcripts may account for nearly half of all transcripts in a cell, and play critical but currently undefined roles in pathology and physiology. DGE's ability to quantify these transcripts may open new horizons for the application of genomic profiling to translational research. In addition, DGE may lead to the discovery of new functional genomic regions. For example, 13-15% of the reads from our DGE libraries aligned to intergenic regions which may be related to novel transcripts. However, since no DNase treatment was performed during RNA extraction, these un-mapped reads could also be from the contamination of the genomic DNA although this scenario is less likely because of the selection of PolyA+ RNAs during library construction.
One limitation of 3' DGE is that using a particular enzyme such as DpnII for library preparation requires the presence of DpnII restriction site(s) in the mRNA. Some transcripts, even though highly expressed, may lack the DpnII site(s) and therefore not represented in the libraries. Among all 43,569 transcripts in Human RefSeq RNA database (version of Aug 24, 2009), 2,912 (6.68%) don't have a DpnII site. Among 28,061 mature RNAs with accession numbers starting with NM_ (excluding XR_, NR_ and XM_ accession numbers), 571 (2.04%) don't have a DpnII site. Additional File 5 lists all Human RefSeq RNAs and the number of DpnII sites within each molecule. In addition, the non-polyadenylated transcripts are not represented in the current libraries. In an effort to measure both mRNA and non-polyadenylated RNAs (data not shown), we tried to treat total RNAs with RiboMinus™ Transcriptome Isolation Kit (Invitrogen) prior to library preparation to deplete 18S and 28S rRNAs and to enrich polyadenylated mRNA, non-polyadenylated RNA, pre-processed RNA, tRNA, and small rRNAs (5S rRNA, 5.8S rRNA). However, the sequencing of RiboMinus libraries revealed that ~70% of the reads were rRNAs (data not shown). Therefore, we made a decision to prepare polyadenylated mRNA libraries for the current study to avoid wasting sequencing depth on rRNAs.
On the other hand, some of the genes that were detected by Affymetrix only may only have DpnII tags that were mapped to multiple genes. These tags were excluded from our analysis. We point the readers to the web site of the Stowers Institute where these redundantly mapped tags were recorded http://research.stowers-institute.org/microarray/tag_tables/downloads.html.
Several challenges currently limit the adoption of 3' DGE in replacement of microarrays. The higher cost per sample and low sample throughput per run limit the sample size in a study. Currently 3' tag DGE analysis costs ~$1200 per lane of sequencing including library construction. It also has long individual run times, sequencing only ~12 bases per day, and sample preparation is significantly more difficult and time consuming than that of microarray. Finally, the bioinformatics challenges associated with 3'DGE analysis are significant, including storage, archiving, and retrieval of the vast volume of data, and development of algorithms to assemble and align sequence reads as short as 35-40 nucleotides [19]. However, advances in these new sequencing technologies will substantially increase sample throughput, leveraging techniques such as multiplexing that could reduce the cost of sequencing per sample. Bioinformatics challenges are currently being addressed, faster and more powerful alignment tools being developed.
We are aware that RNA-Seq enables a more extensive profiling of the transcriptome by facilitating the discovery of fusion genes [20], detection and quantification of alternative splice forms, and characterization of expressed mutations and polymorphisms [14]. However, in order to comprehensively sequence the full length of all transcripts, the sequencing depth of RNA-seq needs to be significantly greater compared to that of 3' tag DGE profiling. It was estimated that at least 40 million reads (compared to < 5 million reads required for DGE) needs to be sequenced from a single library to achieve 90% coverage of the transcriptome [10] making RNA-seq even more financially demanding that 3' tag DGE. In addition, the increased complexity of the data poses even greater analytic challenges. Therefore, the advantages of 3' tag DGE over microarray in profiling lower-expressed genes and measuring with greater dynamic range make it arguably attractive for use in today's medical and biological research.
This work was supported by Donna Hicken Foundation for breast cancer research, Minnesota Partnership for Biotechnology Grant H904600537-1, NIH grants AI 33144, AI 48793, AI 40065 and 1 UL1 RR024150-01 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health, and the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research.
Authors' Affiliations
- Velculescu VE, Zhang L, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW: Serial analysis of gene expression. Science. 1995, 270 (5235): 484-487. 10.1126/science.270.5235.484.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Schena M, Shalon D, Davis RW, Brown PO: Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray. Science. 1995, 270 (5235): 467-470. 10.1126/science.270.5235.467.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Lockhart DJ, Dong H, Byrne MC, Follettie MT, Gallo MV, Chee MS, Mittmann M, Wang C, Kobayashi M, Horton H, Brown EL: Expression monitoring by hybridization to high-density oligonucleotide arrays. Nat Biotechnol. 1996, 14 (13): 1675-1680. 10.1038/nbt1296-1675.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Adams MD, Kerlavage AR, Fleischmann RD, Fuldner RA, Bult CJ, Lee NH, Kirkness EF, Weinstock KG, Gocayne JD, White O, Sutton G, Blake JA, Brandon RC, Chiu M, Clayton RA, Cline RT, Cotton MD, Hughes JE, Fine LD, Fitzgerald LM, FitzHugh WM, Fritchman JL, Geoghagen NSM, Glodek A, Gnehm CL, Hanna MC, Hedblom E, Hinkle PS, Kelley JM, Klimek KM, Kelley JC, Liu L, Marmaros SM, Merrick JM, Moreno-Palanques RF, McDonald LA, Nguyen DT, Pellegrino SM, Phillips CA, Ryder SE, Scott JL, Saudek DM, Shirley R, Small KV, Spriggs TA, Utterback TR, Weidman JF, Li Y, Barthlow R, Bednarik DP, Cao L, Cepeda MA, Coleman TA, Collins E, Dimke D, Feng P, Ferrie A, Fischer C, Hastings GA, He W, Hu J, Huddleston KA, Greene JM, Gruber J, Hudson P, Kim A, Kozak DL, Kunsch C, Ji H, Li H, Meissner PS, Olsen H, Raymond L, Wei Y, Wing J, Xu C, Yu G, Ruben SM, Dillon PJ, Fannon MR, Rosen CA, Haseltine WA, Fields C, M FC, Venter JC: Initial assessment of human gene diversity and expression patterns based upon 83 million nucleotides of cDNA sequence. Nature. 1995, 377 (6547 Suppl): 3-174.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Boguski MS, Tolstoshev CM, Bassett DE: Gene discovery in dbEST. Science. 1994, 265 (5181): 1993-1994. 10.1126/science.8091218.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Asmann YW, Wallace MB, Thompson EA: Transcriptome profiling using next-generation sequencing. Gastroenterology. 2008, 135 (5): 1466-1468. 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.09.042.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Method of the year. Nat Methods. 2008, 5 (1): 1-10.1038/nmeth1153.Google Scholar
- Mardis ER: The impact of next-generation sequencing technology on genetics. Trends Genet. 2008, 24 (3): 133-141.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Mardis ER: Next-generation DNA sequencing methods. Annual review of genomics and human genetics. 2008, 9: 387-402. 10.1146/annurev.genom.9.081307.164359.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Wold B, Myers RM: Sequence census methods for functional genomics. Nat Methods. 2008, 5 (1): 19-21. 10.1038/nmeth1157.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Cloonan N, Forrest AR, Kolle G, Gardiner BB, Faulkner GJ, Brown MK, Taylor DF, Steptoe AL, Wani S, Bethel G, Robertson AJ, Perkins AC, Bruce SJ, Lee CC, Ranade SS, Peckham HE, Manning JM, McKernan KJ, Grimmond SM: Stem cell transcriptome profiling via massive-scale mRNA sequencing. Nat Methods. 2008, 5 (7): 613-619. 10.1038/nmeth.1223.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Sultan M, Schulz MH, Richard H, Magen A, Klingenhoff A, Scherf M, Seifert M, Borodina T, Soldatov A, Parkhomchuk D, Schmidt D, O'Keeffe S, Haas S, Vingron M, Lehrach H, Yaspo ML: A global view of gene activity and alternative splicing by deep sequencing of the human transcriptome. Science. 2008, 321 (5891): 956-960. 10.1126/science.1160342.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Saha S, Sparks AB, Rago C, Akmaev V, Wang CJ, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: Using the transcriptome to annotate the genome. Nat Biotechnol. 2002, 20 (5): 508-512. 10.1038/nbt0502-508.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Wang Z, Gerstein M, Snyder M: RNA-Seq: a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics. Nature reviews. 2009, 10 (1): 57-63. 10.1038/nrg2484.PubMed CentralView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Mane SP, Evans C, Cooper KL, Crasta OR, Folkerts O, Hutchison SK, Harkins TT, Thierry-Mieg D, Thierry-Mieg J, Jensen RV: Transcriptome sequencing of the Microarray Quality Control (MAQC) RNA reference samples using next generation sequencing. BMC genomics. 2009, 10: 264-10.1186/1471-2164-10-264.PubMed CentralView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Shi L, Reid LH, Jones WD, Shippy R, Warrington JA, Baker SC, Collins PJ, de Longueville F, Kawasaki ES, Lee KY, Luo Y, Sun YA, Willey JC, Setterquist RA, Fischer GM, Tong W, Dragan YP, Dix DJ, Frueh FW, Goodsaid FM, Herman D, Jensen RV, Johnson CD, Lobenhofer EK, Puri RK, Schrf U, Thierry-Mieg J, Wang C, Wilson M, Wolber PK, Zhang L, Amur S, Bao W, Barbacioru CC, Lucas AB, Bertholet V, Boysen C, Bromley B, Brown D, Brunner A, Canales R, Cao XM, Cebula TA, Chen JJ, Cheng J, Chu TM, Chudin E, Corson J, Corton JC, Croner LJ, Davies C, Davison TS, Delenstarr G, Deng X, Dorris D, Eklund AC, Fan XH, Fang H, Fulmer-Smentek S, Fuscoe JC, Gallagher K, Ge W, Guo L, Guo X, Hager J, Haje PK, Han J, Han T, Harbottle HC, Harris SC, Hatchwell E, Hauser CA, Hester S, Hong H, Hurban P, Jackson SA, Ji H, Knight CR, Kuo WP, LeClerc JE, Levy S, Li QZ, Liu C, Liu Y, Lombardi MJ, Ma Y, Magnuson SR, Maqsodi B, McDaniel T, Mei N, Myklebost O, Ning B, Novoradovskaya N, Orr MS, Osborn TW, Papallo A, Patterson TA, Perkins RG, Peters EH, Peterson R, Philips KL, Pine PS, Pusztai L, Qian F, Ren H, Rosen M, Rosenzweig BA, Samaha RR, Schena M, Schroth GP, Shchegrova S, Smith DD, Staedtler F, Su Z, Sun H, Szallasi Z, Tezak Z, Thierry-Mieg D, Thompson KL, Tikhonova I, Turpaz Y, Vallanat B, Van C, Walker SJ, Wang SJ, Wang Y, Wolfinger R, Wong A, Wu J, Xiao C, Xie Q, Xu J, Yang W, Zhong S, Zong Y, Slikker W: The MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC) project shows inter- and intraplatform reproducibility of gene expression measurements. Nat Biotechnol. 2006, 24 (9): 1151-1161. 10.1038/nbt1239.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Wu Z, Irizarry RA, Gentleman R, Martinez-Murillo F, Spencer F: A Model-Based Background Adjustment for Oligonucleotide Expression Arrays. Journal of the American Statistical Association. 2004, 99 (468): 909-917. 10.1198/016214504000000683.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Canales RD, Luo Y, Willey JC, Austermiller B, Barbacioru CC, Boysen C, Hunkapiller K, Jensen RV, Knight CR, Lee KY, Ma Y, Maqsodi B, Papallo A, Peters EH, Poulter K, Ruppel PL, Samaha RR, Shi L, Yang W, Zhang L, Goodsaid FM: Evaluation of DNA microarray results with quantitative gene expression platforms. Nat Biotechnol. 2006, 24 (9): 1115-1122. 10.1038/nbt1236.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Pop M, Salzberg SL: Bioinformatics challenges of new sequencing technology. Trends Genet. 2008, 24 (3): 142-149.PubMed CentralView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
- Maher CA, Kumar-Sinha C, Cao X, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Jing X, Sam L, Barrette T, Palanisamy N, Chinnaiyan AM: Transcriptome sequencing to detect gene fusions in cancer. Nature. 2009, 458 (7234): 97-101. 10.1038/nature07638.PubMed CentralView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


text:
PLS Click Teacher User Guide
The first PLS Click release is the 9th Rank Home Study Interactive Games. The content is based on the 9th Rank CD.
The Program
Setup and Login
As with any material, the best way to learn about it is to use it yourself. If your school has access to the program, open it and try it out as you go through this guide. It can be accessed from the PLS homepage, www.pacificlanguageschool.com. From there go to the PLS Click menu, then click the 生徒用 link and enter the password ('student').
From this page you can download apps for Android or Apple devices, or go to a page to play the games in your browser. For those who have access to a tablet device, we recommend these versions, as they load quickly and take up the full screen. The games can be downloaded to some smartphones, but the small screens don't suit some game styles, and we can't guarantee the program will work. To play the games online in a browser, click the "ブラウザでプレイ" button. You need the Unity plugin on your computer for them to work, so if you don't have it you will be prompted to visit the Unity website and download it. Please follow the instructions on that website.
Once you're set up, you can play the games. Enter your user ID and password (a manager at your school should have these details if your school is using PLS Click) to log in.
The Welcome Screen
From the welcome screen, you can access three sections. In the Calendar section, the dates a user accesses the system are stamped. In the Collection section, users can the view the items they've won by getting 'AA' scores on games. We hope these sections will encourage students to log in on a regular basis and play games a number of times to get high scores and win items.
The Classroom
This is the main section. From here users access all of the review sections and games. Each classroom corresponds to a track number on the 9th Rank CD. If you click on an activity, you will go a section with two doors. The door on the left goes to the review section, which is similar to the 9th Rank CD listening. As vocabulary items or sentences are spoken, matching pictures appear on the whiteboard or blackboard. The Enterquest review section is a little different, featuring short, simple animated skits.
The door on the right goes to games. Each section has one or two games. Most have a Karuta-like game, but some also have another game: for example, the shape factory game, or the cash register numbers game.
As users play the game, they earn chips. (Sound familiar?) A blue chip is earned for getting an answer right the first time (10 points), a yellow is earned for getting it right after one error (5 points), and a red (1 point) is earned for getting the right answer after two errors. If more than two errors are made, no chips are awarded. At the end of a set time limit (one minute for most games, but two for some), the total points are tallied up and a summary appears with the total score and a grade. To get a high grade (the best is 'AA') users have to answer quickly and accurately.
Homework Assignment
Sounds fun, but how do you assign the games? The good news is classroom assignment remains the same. Students use their 9th Rank Interactive Games Homework Record Sheets (available here) to record activity numbers and times to listen or play. We assign homework directly after the matching classroom activity and according to how well students do. Game winners (and possibly runners-up) are assigned fewer times. The rule is that, for each activity assigned (up to three each class), the students have to do the review section at least once. They can then choose to review again, or play games: for example, if a teacher assigns activity 3 (Family Members) 4 times, a student may do the review section once, play Game One (Karuta) once, and Game Two (Family Tree) twice; they may choose to review twice and play games twice; or they may review once and play the games twenty times in an effort to win an item by getting a 'AA', as the assignments we give are just the minimum.
Can we check student performance?
Yes, we have an administration system. Again, you must be using a computer with a Unity plugin. Once you log in at the link above (with the same name and password you use for the games), you will see a list of your students in a box on the left-hand side of the screen. Teachers are unable to create or edit student accounts (your school's head user can do that), but you can view student details. To check a student's progress, click their name in the textbox on the left, then click the progress tab on the top-upper left of the screen. Here you can see how many times the student has done the review sections and played the games. The bar graph at the base of the window shows how accurate they were when they played the games.
If you have any questions, or encounter any problems, please contact us here. We'll try to help you out in a timely fashion. PLS Click is a fun, educational and valuable component of the PLS system. We're sure your students will enjoy using the games, and get a lot of educational benefit from doing so.


text:
Welcome A.L. Goulden as she discuss
Chasing The Jams With Chasing Swells
with their book Chasing Swells.
Take it away A.L. Goulden!
DragonTape – Chasing Swells Soundtrack
Spotify Link (for full Chasing Swells playlist)
Chasing Swells Soundtrack (DragonTape Song List)
Inspiration is in the melody and lyrics. Dean is mellow most of the time. He's in sync with the rolling tides and laid-back lifestyle of island life. But his career also throws him into intense moments of split-second decisions in competition as well as the constant spinning wheels of traveling the globe.
- "Black Flies (Nixon ReMix) – Ben Howard (video of Kelly Slater winning his 11th World Title)
The perfect representation of the glory and building intensity in Dean's pursuit of the World Title.
- "Follow The Sun" – Xavier Rudd
The song that reflects the peaceful simplicity of an island life.
- "You And Your Heart" – Jack Johnson
Dean travels the world with a crew of characters who add support to his competition efforts. Aside from his coach and personal trainer, his cousin and best friend are always by his side, sounding off and cheering him on. Jack Johnson is "da kine", the ultimate fun in the sun artist who adds the playful sound that represents Dean when he's with his crew.
- "Sail" – AWOL Nation
This song is just a must when it comes to the pace of actually surfing a wave.
- "Mr. Mellow" – Anuhea
Azure has her own rhythm that is 100% real. She's not like the beach bunnies Dean's used to, yet she slides into the mode with easy… and a catchy beat.
- "Cruel Summer" –
Okay, I know this is totally a Blue Crush moment and there are no female surfers focused upon in this book… but who cares. It's a great jam that sets up a competition on a surfboard, and during a cold winter, it brings the summer vibe.
- "Drive Desperate" – Cold War Kids
This was mentioned in the book as one of the songs Dean listens to when he's psyching himself up for competition.
- "Waves" – Young the Giant
This song makes me think of the confusion and excuses Dean and Azure both encounter as they're trying to sort out their missed connections.
- "Pumped Up Kicks" – Foster The People
The summer song that was always on when I came up with this book. It's become sentimental, despite the lyrics.
- "Face The Sun" – Miguel
This is THE song. Once you read the book, you'll understand.
- "Paper Aeroplane" – Angus & Julia Stone
I can honestly say that I listened to more Angus Stone and Boy & Bear during this book than anything. It was impossible to cherry pick from their albums. This one has a sadness that reflects the longing and loneliness in both Dean and Azure's life.
- "Waves" (Tame Impala Remix) – Miguel
Another Miguel because his music is sexy hot and the subject is perfect. This is one of the many remixes, but I listened to the original song as much as this version
- "Wade In Your Water" – Common Kings
I love, love Island Reggae, which is reggae produced in Hawaii. It's more mellow than Jamaican reggae and occasionally has ukulele.
- "Jammin" – Bob Marley
Because no day, in my opinion, is complete without at least one Bob Marley song.
- "Love Song" – 311
This was mentioned in the book as
- "Oceans" (Live) -Pearl Jam
This throw back is the ultimate surfer song. It swoons you into the currents and makes you want to bob on a surfboard watching the sunset next to Dean.
- "A Moments Grace" – Boy and Bear
This song was playing in the background when I wrote the first love scene at Dean's Santa Barbara home.
- "Big Jet Plane" – Angus and Julia Stone
Since travel is a way of life for both characters, this song is so fitting.
- "Black Water" – Of Monsters and Men Lyrics
This one makes me think of the dark, scary moments in the book. That's all I'm going to say… no spoilers.
- "Waves That Rolled You Under" (backstroke remix) – Young Summer
I listened to her original version of this song a lot too. Young Summer is awesome. This song is about letting go and letting someone in once you understand what "waves" hold them down. I loved that Dean and Azure discover the darkness underneath, but continue to paddle into the deeper waters. Sharks and all.
YouTube share link – https://youtu.be/vDVuvzzwTXQ
About the Book
When he won his first World Title at eighteen, they said he'd be the greatest professional surfer to ever compete. Fourteen years later, Dean "DeBaz" Bazner is inching towards retirement having never clinched another Title. This year he's pushing limits to prove his beginning wasn't a fluke, and it's working. Until she comes along.
You don't have to know anything about surfing for it to change your life. Travel writer, Azure Thomas, can attest to that. She was navigating the changing world of freelance journalism when she took this gig. She wasn't prepared for a man that connects to her profound loss and sacrifices everything, except his soul, to live his dream. He's more than a hot magazine cover, and surfing is more than a hobby. The dangerous diversion, in and out of the water, forces Dean to accept there's more missing from his life than another trophy.
Amongst tropical breezes, in the most beautiful locations on earth, CHASING SWELLS is an absorbing journey about riding the waves of life, overcoming childhood loss, and letting go of the mistakes that barricade us from our potential.
Amazon | iBooks | Barnes & Noble | Kobo
About A.L. Goulden
A.L. Goulden has a BA in Production Design for Film and Television, and is currently the Art Director on ABC's How To Get Away With Murder. Nearly eighteen years of storytelling through design has spun a unique perspective on life, love, and the pursuit of painting vivid characters and their surroundings with words. In 2014-15 she self-published an erotic trilogy, AUGUST FOG, DECEMBER RAIN, and APRIL SNOW, that approached the tricky subject of infidelity so realistically, sobbing readers asked if it were based on a true story.
Website | Website | Facebook | Twitter | Google+
Goodreads | Instagram | Pinterest | Amazon Author Page
Giveaway – International
a Rafflecopter giveaway
Latest posts by Shari (see all)
- Audiobook Review: Come Away With Me by Kristen Proby - May 17, 2019
- Review: The Hookup Handbook by Kendall Ryan - May 13, 2019
- Review: Boyfriend for Hire by Kendall Ryan - May 11, 2019
- Audiobook Review: Snowed in with the Boss by Lili Valente - May 9, 2019
- Audiobook Review: Snowbound with the Billionaire by Lili Valente - May 8, 2019


text: BOSTON ( TheStreet) -- Sanofi-Aventis ( SNY - Get Report) might be in the market for a $20 billion-plus acquisition, or so says Bloomberg this morning, but is the French drug maker really targeting a large-cap biotech? I can think of some reasons to doubt it. Biogen Idec ( BIIB - Get Report)? Sure, Carl Icahn has wanted to sell the company for years, but Biogen just named a new CEO this week. Would that have happened if the company was for sale? Plus, if Sanofi wants a drug pipeline, Biogen isn't the ideal candidate since one of the company's weaknesses is its anemic, internal drug research efforts. That's one of the reasons why George Scangos, a scientist, was recruited to be the new Biogen chief executive. Genzyme ( GENZ)? Does Sanofi really want to buy an FDA manufacturing consent decree? That's what you get with Genzyme, which can't seem to keep its drug manufacturing plants running without something breaking down. Yes, Genzyme has taken concrete steps towards fixing its manufacturing woes, but Sanofi would have take a big leap of faith before making an acquisition like this. I don't see a deal here happening. Gilead Sciences ( GILD - Get Report)? If Sanofi truly wants to buy a "biotech" firm, meaning a company with the capacity and know-how to develop and manufacture biologic drugs, Gilead is not the fit since it deals exclusively in the small-molecule arena. Celgene ( CELG - Get Report)? Perhaps if Sanofi wants to reclaim its once-dominant position in the cancer drug market, but then Celgenge just acquired Abraxis BioSciences ( ABII) this week. Doesn't that signal that Celgene is decidedly not in play? Amgen ( AMGN - Get Report)? Too big. To me, that leaves Allergan ( AGN - Get Report). Not a biotech, but it does provide nice diversification for Sanofi. -- Reported by Adam Feuerstein in Boston. Follow Adam Feuerstein on Twitter.


text:
Mitel Collaboration Solutions
Mitel's Collaboration Solutions help businesses develop a dynamic communications environment with which to share ideas, projects, goals and even files and documents. These solutions are even more specifically designed to bring multiple locations together and unify customer care and increase employee productivity by easy access to communication features.
Audio and Web Conferencing
A simple and cost effective way to bring employees and clients together through either audio conferencing done on Mitel's line of business telephones or video conferencing conducted through the internet. This application is designed with speed and quality in mind to instantly connect two more participants.
Mitel TeleCollaboration
Mitel's solution for quality video conferencing is attained in the Mitel TeleCollaboration Solution (TCS). By connecting remote locations together the goal of TCS is to produce real-time experiences through file sharing and clear voice projection. TCS enables all users involved in the conference to share and edit documents, files and presentations.
Mitel Unified Communicator Advanced
The award winning Mitel Unified Communicator Advance gives businesses the power to connect instant messaging, audio and web conferencing, video conferencing and all the call control capabilities that come with Mitel's business phone system platforms. UC Advanced also works with Microsoft Outlook and Exchange as well as Lotus Notes, providing constant flow of information across all communication channels with your business.


text:
Integrated Transit Maps launch by Delhi Transport Minister Kailash Gahlot
New Delhi(News4city Desk)- Delhi Transport Minister Kailash Gahlot on Thursday launched the unique facility of 'Integrated Transit Maps' at bus shelters for the convenience of bus commuters to plan their journeys using public buses. The pilot project covering four bus shelters was launched at the Delhi Secretariat bus stop.The 'Integrated Transit Map' is uniquely designed for each bus stop and comprises of a visual cognitive map of the all bus routes passing through the bus stop, Delhi metro network and key landmarks overlaid on map of Delhi.
Speaking at the occasion, Mr Gahlot said "The Delhi government is undertaking all efforts to making Delhi's public transport system modern, efficient and a preferred mode of transport for residents and tourists in Delhi. The current initiative is aimed at many commuters who are unable to use the bus network because they find it difficult to locate the bus routes and their timings. In the next one and half years, we will scale this feature to all bus shelters in Delhi and also introduce the facility of real-time tracking of bus arrival time at bus shelters."
The map has been designed in collaboration with City Wise, a Delhi based design and mapping firm, following global best practices of designing cognitive transit maps which are the norm in cities such as New York and London.
Apart from the route map of buses and metro, the 'Integrated Transit Map' also includes bus timings of all buses arriving at that stop and a detailed neighbourhood map with a 1 km radius around the bus stop, which will allow bus commuters to easily locate their destinations after completing their bus journey. Special care was taken to detail out the nearest metro station and closest gate to enter into the metro station.


text:
Paper Tape | Kawaii Designs
Paper tape which is in a roll and refillable after you have finished!
You can get one body and refill to save up!
The best thing is - its adhesive which works like sticky notes! Awesome, right!
There are 4 colors with different designs. Each pack/roll comes in 4 designs with 60cm.
Refills are available in the option as well!


text:
Midfielder Hannah Rivkin, the Breen's Jubilee Trophy regular season and playoff MVP last season, won't be returning to Holy Cross. Rivkin, who starred for Memorial University in her graduating year last season, is working in Goose Bay this summer before heading off to the University of Ottawa in the fall.
It's a big loss, for sure, but Holy Cross still has a strong squad entering today, the first day of play in the Jubilee circuit. Feildians and the Canada Games squad get things going 6:30 this evening at King George V Park.
Holy Cross and C.B.S. Kirby United, last year's finalists, are other two teams.
The Canada Games squad is in the league on an exhibition basis, playing a dozen games. Holy Cross, C.B.S. and Feildians each pay 16.
Under-18 teams from St. John's and Mount Pearl played in the circuit last season, but most of those players make up the Games roster.
Holy Cross didn't lose a game last season, winning 18 and tying one. The Crusaders beat C.B.S. Kirby 1-0 in the championship game on a goal by Rivkin.
It snapped an eight-year championship run by Kirby, which has won the provincial championship under different names.
The defending champs do have leading scorer and all-star Jessie Noseworthy back in the fold. Noseworthy actually tied for the scoring lead with Malorie Harris of C.B.S. Kirby, with 18 goals apiece.
Harris is also returning, but starts the year on the injured list.
The playoffs are set for Aug. 17, when the third-place and second-place teams will meet in the semifinal, and Aug. 19 as the first-place team takes on the semifinal winner.
Both playoff games will be at the Topsail Turf Complex in C.B.S.


text:
|Thread Tools
|Display Modes
Tutorials Directory
This is a directory for all the tutorials we have in this forum
General Tutorials
How to view the Terms and Conditions of the site
How to download and install Flash Player
How to use the Diva Chix homepage and how to access it
How to submit a Help Desk ticket and view a reply
How to access and log in to the forums
How to bookmark Diva Chix under your favorites
How to view a list of all staff members and what they do
How to follow and get the latest updates from Twitter
How to Delete Temporary Internet Files (Cache)
How to take a Screenshot (Windows and MAC)
How to upload images to an image hosting site
How to create a voice clip
What is the Diva Chix Radio?
How to link your Diva Chix account to your Facebook account.
How to search for a member using their previous username.
How to Report
How To Cancel PayPal Subscriptions
Account Tutorials
How to use the wardrobe v3
How to use the wardrobe v2
I can't see my diva!
What are alerts and when do you get them?
What the mail center and how do I send a message to someone?
How to check your current rank, voting tier and account info
How to edit your site profile
How to add a video to your profile
How to find and change Game Settings.
How do I change my password or email?
Friend requests, what are they, how to accept, decline, send or delete them.
How do I know if a person is Online or not?
What are shop gift cards and how do I use them?
How to Upgrade your account? What are coin upgrades? What are paid upgrades?
What are magical perfumes and how to purchase one
What is the Diva Warrior Perfume & How to use it
What is the Diva Blast Perfume & How to use it
What is the "Tell a Friend" feature and how it works
What does 'Certified Users' mean and how do I apply to be certified
Gameplay Tutorials
What is Moolah and how do you obtain it
What are Coins and How can I get Them?
What is style and how is it obtained?
What is perception and how do you earn it?
What are hotpoints? And how to obtain them
What is fame? And how to obtain it.
What are golden tickets, how to get them and what you receive
What are hotpoint upgrades and how do they work?
What are the Voting Tiers and how do they work?
All about the Voting Ladder
What is the User Directory?
How To Post on Someone's Profile Guestbook
How to access the Games Emporium and how to play the games
What is the Diva Chix Lottery and how do I participate?
What is the DC Bingo Hall and how do you play it?
What are the Quick Dress Up Games and how do I access them?
What is the Stock Market?
What are Stock Collections?
How can I purchase Stock? And what are Private Stock Sales?
How to use the Member Services
What is the walk of fame?
How to use the doll album.
How to use the job feature
How to use the gifting feature
What is the Diva Chix Bank and how do I use it?
What is Outfit Info and what do I do with it?
How to buy clothes from the Diva Chix Mall.
How to change and purchase a makeover from the Makeup Salon
How to change and purchase a hairstyle from the DC Salon
What are Celebrity Dolls & How to buy one
How do you take a Celebrity Makeover off?
What is The Boutique and how to use it
What is the Auction house and how to use it?
How to use the shop wizard.
What are User Created Shops, and How to use the Shop Directory?
What are the Shopping Districts and how to access them
How to subscribe to a User Created Shop
How To Use The Shopping Cart Feature
What is a wishlist and how to use it
How to create a shop & general shop management info
How to purchase a logo/banner and add it to your shop
How to Upgrade Shopping Districts and View their Details
What is the Warehouse/Unlimited Stock? And how do they work?
What is Pulse?
What is the Diva Chix Virtual Lounge on SecretBuilders?
Battle & Events Tutorials
How to vote on events
What is Doll of The Day and How do I vote for a doll as Doll of The Day?
Hot or Not events: What are they, and how does it work.
30 Hotpoints and no Coin!
What are the Outfit Feedback events and how to participate?
What is the red carpet, and how to enter.
Battle Requests & Events - How to View Current, Accept & Decline
How to prevent/allow battle requests
How to Challenge a User to a Battle
All about the Battle Lounge
How to enter Random Battles
What is the battle ladder and how it works
How is rank calculated?
What is the Loyalty Shop and how to purchase an item
Forum Tutorials
How to create a new thread
How to reply to a thread
How to edit your own post.
How to quote and multi-quote a post/posts
How to report a post.
How to create a poll
How to subscribe to forums and threads
What is a Tag? and how do you tag a thread?
How to change the forum skin
How to edit your forum profile.
What is Experience and how to use it
What is the forum shop?
How to change the color of your username
How to upload an avatar
What is a signature and how to get one
How to add a picture to the signature and hyperlink a word.
How to create a forum album and add pictures
How to add friends on the forums.
How to search for members on the forums
How to use the ignore list
How to enable reputation.
What is reputation, how to give it and view your rep points and power
How to see the top posters
How to add an event to the calendar and how to use it
How to enable visitor messages.
How to post a visitor message and view your own.
How to view, send, and reply to private messages
How to enable your Private Messaging pop-up Alert.
How to create, edit & delete a folder in your message box
What is a Forum Blog? and how to create one
What is the Blog Groups feature & How to use it
How to join a social group
How to create a new social group
How to transfer a social group to another user
Forum Post Options & Features
How do I install and use Tapatalk to access the forums on my mobile device?
How to view a Post and copy a Post URL
Create Your Own Tutorials
What is Create Your Own (CYO)?
How to buy a CYO item
How do I change my doll's pose?
How to upload CYO items
What are clothing tags and how to use them.
How to obtain Create Your Own Timestamps?
How to check what layer a CYO item is on & how to remove it
How to tell what layer a CYO item is on BEFORE you purchase it.
What are CYO Bundles?
Guild Tutorials
What are guilds and how they work
What is the Guild Directory & How do I access it?
How to donate to a guild
How to Join a Guild
How to withdraw a Guild Join request
How to leave a guild
What are Guild Tasks and how do they work?
How to challenge someone to a guild battle
What are Guild Outfit Challenges (GOC)?
What is Guild Survivor & How do I participate?
What is Guild War?
What is the Guild Social Club & How to create an Event or Contest?
What is the Guild Avenue & How do I access it?
What is the Guild Community Center & How to access it?
How to create a guild
What is the Guild Management Center, How to access it & How to use it?
What is the Guild Benefit Shop & How to access it & How to Purchase a Guild Benefit?
How to invite a member to join your guild
Notice: This Ad only show to guest, please register now to disappear !
Last edited by fashionchallenged; 08-24-2018 at 06:46 AM.
|Currently Active Users Viewing This Thread: 1 (0 members and 1 guests)
|Thread Tools
|Display Modes
Linear Mode


text:
ADD-55 Series 55W Mean Well LED Driver Power Supply is a excellent power supply. Buy ADD-55 Series 55W Mean Well LED Driver Power Supply from Agoeu.com today. The largest stocked selection of MEAN WELL LED power supplies, Quick Delivery, Premium Quality, Attractive Rate, Genuine Products. Mean Well is a Switching Power Supply manufacturer in Taiwan.
Universal AC input/Full range
Protections: short circuit/Overload/Over voltage
Battery low protections
Cooling by free air convection
100% full load burn-in test
Fixed switching frequency at 45 KHz
2 years warranty
Package Includes:
1 Piece of ADD-55 Series 55W Mean Well LED Driver Power Supply
Great Choice for Green Life, CE and RoHS Approved
Great Choice for Green Life, CE and RoHS Approved
Quick Shipping & Online Tracking
Quick Shipping & Online Tracking
Mostly your order will be shipped around 1 to 2 business days after payment received. If you need your order urgently, Pls do contact us right after or before you placed orders. email@example.com
Agoeu.com is very easy to use, we will always provide the online tracking number to you. The shipping fee is base on the weight of the products. You would easily choose the Shipping Method (DHL/Fedex/UPS/Economic shipping) when you check out.
We have been in LED business for 10 years, all the products will be well packed and protected to make sure our customer will quickly receive all the products at great condition. We weekly ship hundreds of parcels to USA, UK, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Spain, Canada, Sweden, Australia and other countries. Here are some photos we took in last few weeks, for your reference:
We are using GoDaddy's Standard SSL to secure agoeu.com. So all the information and transaction on agoeu.com are well-protected.
We have shipped thousands of parcels to USA, UK, Europe and Worldwide, and we provide tracking numbers for every order with good feedback and service, the following photos are some reference of PayPal transactions in past few years, we cover clients' names to protect our clients' privacy, as you would see a lot of professional companies and organizations are buying from Agoeu.com too:
For customized LED Products or further assistance, Please feel free to contact our service team at email@example.com
Additional Information
Product Tags
Use spaces to separate tags. Use single quotes (') for phrases.
Check items to add to the cart or select all
You have no items to compare.
You have no items in your shopping cart.


text:
Gaming connoisseur. Technology expert. Burrito demolisher.
Scott Lowe is an Executive Editor at IGN.com. Previously, he was a Senior Editor at The Verge. He has provided expert commentary for broadcast, print and online media, including Associated Press, E! Entertainment, Sky Magazine, Forbes, BBC, and others. He has extensive experience in web media, including on-camera and on-location coverage at E3, Apple product announcements, CES, Tokyo Game Show, GDC, and other industry events.
Scott lives in San Francisco. He spends his free-time playing video games, guzzling coffee, and tweeting pictures of his cats and food.


text:
Sanctuary Hollow Farm
Dairy and Meat Goats
For Sale
Senior Does
Junior Does
Wild Magic Products
Welcome To Sanctuary Hollow Farm!
Family is important, both ours and yours, and we only want the best for all of us. Our lives revolve around caring for our family, our animals and the plants we raise. We only want to bring the very best to our table and yours. From r
goat milk
herd share
s and fresh chicken eggs, to the vegetables and fruits from the garden, to the natural home and body care products that we make. We are thinking about the health and well-being of the families we serve.
We believe in raising our goats and chickens as naturally as possible. We don't feed artificial growth hormones or unnecessary antibiotics to our animals. We work closely with our veterinarian whenever an animal is sick or injured to ensure that it is getting the proper treatment. Our goats are pasture raised, kids are bottle raised on CAE prevention program, and our chickens free-ranging during the day and locked up at night to protect them from predators. We believe that this makes for happier animals, and happy animals produce only the healthiest meats, eggs, and dairy products.
We are not certified organic or naturally grown, but feel that our program for animal care is the best we have to offer for our animals. We strive to prevent disease through annual testing and prevention protocols prescribed by our veterinarian
Many of our products can be purchased directly from our farm giving our customers an opportunity to come visit our farm and animals. Getting to know our customers allow us to adapt and change to better meet their needs while maintaining our own standards of excellence. We use products produced on our farm to create flavorful foods, crafts, and natural home and body care products. If these are things that are important to you then you have come to the right place.
Workshops, farm tours, and field days allow you to come visit and meet us and our animals while learning about farming in the wooded hills of West Virginia. All events that take place on our farm are family oriented events as we feel that farming is a family business from the youngest to the oldest there is something for everyone.
Participating in dairy goat shows, craft shows, and county/state fairs allows us to connect with our customers off the farm, show off our animals and handmade products, and be part of our community.
Our home and body care products are sold under the name Wild Magic - Lotions, Potions, Soaps, and Salves. Visit the
Wild Magic Products
page to learn more about our products and how they and fit into your beauty routines and those of your loved ones.


text:
Robert (Bob) Stollery
Born In: Canada
Passed in: Canada
Robert (Bob) Stollery CM, BSc, LLD, CAE 1924 - 2007 The family sadly announces the passing of their cherished husband, father and grandfather, Bob Stollery, on March 14, 2007 after a courageous nine year battle with cancer. Bob is survived by Shirley, his beloved wife and best friend for 59 years; dearly loved by children Carol and Bill Sharun, Janet and Spencer Bryson, Douglas Stollery and Scott Graham; grandchildren Kate and Aubrey Zalaski, Jeff Bryson and Tanis Mosentine, Jon Sharun and Priscilla Bencic, and Chad Bryson and Meagan Nieman; brother and sister-in-law Bill and Rhyl Stollery; sister-in-law Bette Motton (Hank Motton); brother-in-law David Hopper (Margaret Drabick); sisters-in-law Jean Hopper, Gladys Hopper (Len Roberts) and Greta Stollery; and numerous nieces and nephews and their families. Bob was predeceased by his parents Kate and Willie Stollery (pioneers in the town of Strathcona, now South Edmonton), his brothers Bert, Dick, Charlie, Ernie (killed in action WWII), and his sister Win. Bob was born in Edmonton and attended Queen Alexandra Elementary, Garneau Junior High and Strathcona High Schools. He spent four years in the Canadian Navy in the Pacific, Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. During the war, Bob met his future bride, Shirley Hopper, in Toronto. They were married at Metropolitan United Church, Edmonton, in 1947. After discharge from the navy in 1945, Bob completed a degree in Civil Engineering at the University of Alberta and then joined Poole Construction as an engineer in training. In 1970, he became president and in 1978, he led the purchase of the company, which then became known as PCL Construction. As president, chairman, and CEO, he began bringing employees into ownership of the company. Today, this major international builder is 100% employee owned. Bob was a modest man who believed in the importance of family, integrity, hard work, and giving back to the community. He devoted part of each day to helping others. He was the founder of the Stollery Charitable Foundation, a co-founder and the first president of the Edmonton Community Foundation, and a catalyst for the founding of the Stollery Children's Hospital. Bob helped to fund the rebuilding of the Women's Emergency Shelter and the construction of housing for the disadvantaged in the inner city. He funded many scholarships and bursaries for students at Grant MacEwan College, NorQuest College, and the University of Alberta. Bob was actively involved for 50 years in charities in the areas of poverty, early childhood education, and health. Bob received many awards recognizing his accomplishments in business and charitable work. He was awarded the Order of Canada in 2001 and was named one of the 100 Edmontonians of the Century in 2004. He was awarded Honorary Doctor of Laws Degrees from the University of Alberta (1985), Concordia University (Montreal 1986), and Athabasca University (2003); an Honorary Doctor of Letters from St. Stephen's College (1999); and an Honorary Diploma in Business from Grant MacEwan College (1994). He was elected a Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering (1989). Other honours received include the Canadian Business Leader Award (1993), a Paul Harris Fellow by Rotary International (2000), and induction into the Edmonton Hall of Fame by Junior Achievement (1989). He was a director of many organizations, including The Toronto-Dominion Bank, Federal Industries, Northern Transportation Co., Revelstoke Companies, Trans-Canada Pipe Lines, Melcor Developments, Economic Council of Canada, the Edmonton and Canadian Construction Associations, and PCL Employees Holdings Ltd. A outstanding community leader and a highly respected builder of organizations and structures, Bob had a sincere desire to make a difference. He was most proud of his family and of his role as caregiver to Shirley, and he was an outstanding father and grandfather. Following a private family service and cremation, there will be a public memorial service to celebrate Bob's live at the Winspear Centre, Edmonton, Alberta on Tuesday, March 20, 2007 at 2:00 p.m. The family wishes to express special thanks to the remarkable staff at the Palliative Care Unit at St. Joseph's Auxiliary Hospital for their compassion, dedication and care. In lieu of flowers, memorial donations in Bob's name may be made to the Stollery Children's Hospital Foundation, 8401, 11402 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J3 or the charity of one's choice. Condolences for Robert Stollery may be left at www.mem.com Hainstock's Funeral Home and Crematorium 440-2999 Honoured Provider of Dignity Memorial.


text:
Save big with John Varvatos deals and coupon codes, Shop online and get wide range of discounts & offers available for John Varvatos - one of the popular online website that offers variety of consumer goods.
How to use coupons for John Varvatos?
We update deals and coupons on daily basis to our wide listing so that we can offer you the best & latest discounts for John Varvatos. With DealsPricer, it is very easy to share John Varvatoscoupons and deals with your friends and family anywhere on social platforms just by clicking the share button
We take care of your shopping experience for which you can vote and comment in the coupon section. We love to hear from our customers and your feedback is always welcome in our feedback section.
Our endeavor at DealsPricer is to list down the Latest John Varvatos Coupons , Deals and offers.Check out all the latest John Varvatos deals, discounts ,coupons and offers at DealsPricer.com and start saving big on online shopping for John Varvatos.
You can reach this page by searching John Varvatos Deals, John Varvatos discounts , John Varvatos Promo Code, John Varvatos coupons and John Varvatos Offers.
The official site of John Varvatos is https://www.johnvarvatos.com/.
More information about John Varvatos is available at Wikipedia : John Varvatos Wikipedia


text:
The portraiture snapped by Ellen Jantzen exudes outer worldliness and questions where one's body ends and the landscape begins. Each snapshot is extremely surreal and supernatural in feeling and captures subjects who are phantom-like in appearance and barely present in the pictures. Every portrait is stark in its contrast between a beautifully focused background landscape and an intensely blurred main subject.
The Midwestern American artist began her series by placing her husband Michael in various poses that either diminished or distinguished his presence in the shot. She has since moved on to also incorporating inanimate subjects, such as tombstones, which she uses to reflect the human form in another way.
The Ellen Jantzen portrait series is a representation of the way that humans are affected by their surroundings and how each person adapts differently to their environment. Her works blurs and distorts reality in a way that is both stunning and thought provoking to see.
Barely-There Blurred Portraits
More Stats +/-
Haunting Hippie Portraits
Blurred Model Portraits
Past-Present Photography
Ethereal Intergalactic Images
Eerie Masquerade Photography
Ellen Jantzen Photographs Images of Diminshing Figures
- By: Sarah MooreMar 20, 2012
References: ellenjantzen
References: ellenjantzen


text:
Please join us at our Albie Aware Volunteer training on November 27, from 5-6:30 p.m. so you can become an informed and prepared volunteer when representing Albie Aware in the community. Volunteers will be trained on the services we provide, resources, talking points, mission, branding, and the history of the organization.
Opportunities include: tabling at health and community fairs, corporate and business fairs, and special events. Other opportunities might include volunteering in the office, committee work, Board recruitment, sponsorship, gathering raffle prizes, donor recognition, piloting a special project, etc.
The training will be for 90 minutes at the Albie Aware office.
Please RSVP by calling the office at (916) 927-1592 or sending an email to email@example.com.


text:
Follow @sportsmole for the latest breaking news stories, and follow @sm_headlines to get every headline from Sports Mole
Result: Asbel Kiprop wins 1500m gold with sprint finishAsbel Kiprop wins the 1500m gold medal at the World Athletics Championships after a five-man sprint finish.
Aug 30, 12:55
Result: Great Britain's Kyron Duke fails to medal in men's F40 shot put finalKyron Duke of Great Britain finishes fifth in the F40 shot put final after throwing a personal best of 11.24m.
Sep 6, 12:51
Result: Gemma Prescott wins bronze in women's club throwGemma Prescott wins bronze in the women's club throw F31/31/52.
Sep 1, 13:02
Result: Ben Quilter to fight for bronzeBen Quilter will go for bronze this evening after working his way through the repechage.
Aug 30, 17:27
Great Britain's Ben Quilter misses out on gold medal finalGreat Britain's Ben Quilter fails to overcome Mouloud Noura to contest for a judo gold medal.
Aug 30, 12:52
Result: Oleksandr Gvozdyk hangs on for victoryUkraine's Oleksandr Gvozdyk overcomes a tough test in the form of Algeria's Abdelhafid Benchabla to reach the semi-final of the Olympic light heavyweight tournament.
Aug 8, 23:55
IOC rule out Taoufik Makhloufi investigationThe IOC reveal that they are satisfied with Taoufik Makhloufi's 1,500m win and will not be conducting an investigation.
Aug 8, 20:39
Four-minute mile man Sir Roger Bannister analyses men's 1,500m Olympic finalThe four-minute mile man, Sir Roger Bannister, expresses his view on the men's 1,500m final after attending the race last night.
Aug 8, 12:21
Result: Taoufik Makhloufi clinches 1,500m gold for AlgeriaTaoufik Makhloufi of Algeria wins the men's 1,500m Olympic title over America's Leonel Manzano and Abdalaati Iguider of Morocco.
Aug 7, 21:21
Taoufik Makhaloufi out of Olympics for not tryingAlgerian athlete Taoufik Makhloufi is disqualified from the Olympic Games for not trying his best in the 800m heats today.
Aug 6, 15:56
Result: Satoshi Shimizu overcomes Mohamed Amine OuadahiJapan's Satoshi Shimizu books his place in the semi-final of the Olympic bantamweight tournament.
Aug 5, 21:40
Result: Ross Murray out of 1500mTeam GB's Ross Murray fails to reach the final of the men's 1500m.
Aug 5, 20:23
Result: Adbelhafid Benchabla defeats Germany's Enrico KollingAlgeria's Adbelhafid Benchabla snatches the final quarter-final slot in the light heavyweight competition.
Aug 4, 23:54
Result: Misha Aloyan scores victory over Samir BrahimiRussia's Misha Aloyan defeats Algeria's Samir Brahimi to reach the quarter-finals of the Olympic flyweight tournament.
Aug 3, 13:44
Result: Ryota Murata safely into quarter-finalsJapan's Ryota Murata defeats Abdelmalek Rahou of Algeria by nine points to take the final spot in the middleweight quarter-final draw.
Aug 2, 22:48
Result: Mohamed Amine Ouadahi wins scrappy encounterAlgeria's Mohamed Amine Ouadahi defeats William Encarnacion Alcantara of the Dominican Republic in the Olympic bantamweight division.
Aug 1, 21:18
Result: Peralta Jara classy in victoryArgentina's Peralta Jara books his place in the next round of the heavyweight tournament with a seven-point victory over Algeria's Chouaib Bouloudinats.
Aug 1, 15:26
Result: Kaeo Pongprayoon ousts Mohamed FlissiThailand's Kaeo Pongprayoon secures his passage into the last 16 of the Olympic light flyweight tournament courtesy of a 19-11 win over Algeria's Mohamed Flissi.
Jul 31, 21:38
Result: Women's win makes British historyTeam GB win a volleyball match at the Olympics for the first time in Games history, beating Algeria in five sets.
Jul 31, 00:37
Result: Samir Brahimi stages comeback to down Jackson Darren WoodsSamir Brahimi of Algeria beats Australia's Jackson Darren Woods in the opening bout of the flyweight tournament.
Jul 30, 13:48


text:
Summer is almost finished. Did you already have your summer vacation? If not, then it's never too late to plan for a summer getaway today! Surely you have plans in your mind on where you are going to spend your summer vacation. Research shows that many people are very excited on this period of the season because this is the time for them to enjoy activities under the sun. To make sure your 2012 late summer vacation is enjoyable here are some of the things you need to plan and prepare.
1. Choose a destination and range up all actions that you want to do – Know what you want to do and what to get from this vacation. Studying is key endeavor here. You can either look online or read blog reviews for vacation areas you may consider, many travel blogs online do this and surely you will find a nice spot. Personal referrals from families and friends may also help you end up picking on the best destination.
2. Finalize a program – Before making your reservation for your vacation, you should schedule first your arrival. Select a time frame that will agree with everyone on panel. Keep in mind that summer time is a peak season and there are just too many activities or actions covered up for every form of tourists. Doing so allows you to prevent inconsistent daily activities and guarantees that no "last-minute changes" would have to be made later on. This will help you enjoy more your vacation since there are no other things that worry you.
3. Make a vacation guideline – Just like preparing for any activity, a guideline is a useful tool for every manager. An essentially fundamental part of this record could be things like prescribed drugs, glasses, guides or newspapers, sun block and other beach components and first-aid sets. When planning also of the stuffs to carry, keep in mind that each associate of your team has particular needs. This holds true if you are travelling with kids, thus necessitating a child-friendly place where they can properly have fun.
4. Finalize your program – Let your vacation associates be as practical as they can be in making this travel program. Make sure that everyone gives their information on things that they want to do and can not do. That way, you are sure to have the right actions that everybody can appreciate. Let's us simply call this as an approach that will make everybody happy and have fun. At the same time, you may also be able to find or settle for reduced packages for the activities that you want.
5. Manage your funds – After settling on a schedule and a travel program, more or less you will already know how much funds you need to save for the vacation. For those fortunate enough, funds might not be a problem. But for those who do not have yet, making use of a fund strategy may be useful in reaching your targeted personal savings required for the vacation. Spend less for you to come up with the needed money you'll spend on your trip!


text:
Hello Everyone!
I was so flattered to be invited by Lindy's Stamp Gang
to be their First Guest-Designer - I have been working with
their awesome (....and such a good quality!) products
already for some time now and the invitation was more than welcome
and, of course, put a big smile on my face :-)
Well, today I will share with you my first project...
A canvas, my favourite canvas layouts I am creating
and teaching nowadays ;-)
and teaching nowadays ;-)
This is how the background looked before I began decorating it.
The canvas was firstly painted with a layer of gesso and various
Starburst Sprays were used for the background color.
Once the masking was done I decided to colour in the masked patterns.
I used here the Color Shots (a few of them).
I simply took a tiny quantity of the powder and
mixed with a few drops of water - used a small brush to paint.
This is the final result of my canvas layout.
As you have already noticed I also stamped a bit
on the background and parts of the stamping was colored in
once again by using the Color Shots.
I added some colour to the background at some places
so it will look more colourful - I used the Starburst Sprays.
The chipboard steam punk clocks were treated
with the awesome Embossing Powder.
The honeycomb chipboard was sprayed with
the Starburst "Azure Sea Asters" spray.
Did you notice the fabulous butterflies I used?
They were created by talented Kay Fatula and
I am so lucky to be able to work with these cuties.
You can find more amazing products of hers ----> HERE
And "No" I didn`t use Lindy's Stamp Gang products to paint my son's eye :-)
...somebody did it for him at Legoland, Denmark :-)
...but it is something I can think about in my next project!
Until then.....have fun with the amazing Lindy's Stamp Gang products!
All the chipboard I used on this project is from Imaginarium Designs!
I hope you enjoyed project today!
Have an awesome day!


text:
Taxi alternative in Philadelphia
Travel the world with our professional chauffeurs behind the wheel.
Complimentary wait time
Take your time and relax. Airport pickups include 60 minutes of free wait time, and all other pickups include a free 15 minutes.
All-inclusive rates
There are no hidden surprises with Blacklane. Your affordable all-inclusive rate — confirmed before you book — includes all taxes, tolls, fees and gratuities.
Professional chauffeurs
Have peace of mind knowing that all Blacklane chauffeurs are licensed, insured and regulated.
Free cancellation
Change of plans? No problem! Cancellations are free up until 1 hour before one-way rides or 24 hours before hourly bookings.
Joana Leite - Styletraces.com
"When I landed in Paris Airport I already had a message on my phone telling me that my chauffeur had already arrived and, when I crossed the arrival's gates the chauffeur was there, ready to pick me up and drive me to my destination!"
Sue Kim - Carnet de Voyage
"I am often travelling in Europe and require airport transfers and I found Blacklane's service to be extremely convenient in that I was able to book a fixed time to be picked up in advance. A comprehensive and comfortable service that I would highly recommend."
Calculate the price of your ride
- 30th Street Station
- Philadelphia International Airport
- Market Street 3675
- North 20th Street 222
- City Hall Station - BSL
- Philadelphia International Airport
Blacklane cities
The Blacklane fleet
- Business Class
- Business Van/SUV
Journeying in Philadelphia
Philadelphia has been a major city for longer than the United States has existed. From the biggest port of British America, to the cradle of the American Revolution, and now the fifth-largest city in the modern USA, Philly has always been front and center in national affairs. Known as a seat of industry and culture, Philadelphia is home to countless sites of historical importance, more public art than any other US city, and a huge array of museums. The city is designed to be cruised at your leisure, so hire a top-quality car in Philalphia with Blacklane as a taxi alternative and let our professional chauffeurs in Philadelphia show you around. Our fleet includes Business Class, ideal for shuttling between the airport, business meetings, and social engagements; Business Van/SUV, a larger vehicle for up to five people, perfect for airport transfers; and First Class, a service for special occasions, such as a ride to a Phillies ballgame.
Philadelphia's taxi alternative
Blacklane offers a round-the-clock service, and when you hire a best-in-class limousine in Philadelphia by the hour as an alternative to a taxi, you're hiring a knowledgeable chauffeur to take you around the sights, sounds, and tastes of Philly. Make the most of your time in the City of Brotherly Love with a trip to the Philadelphia Museum of Art, home to the famed Rocky steps, before sampling the local specialty, the iconic Cheesesteak, at one of the local joints in South Philly. A trip to the Birthplace of America would not be complete without a visit to Independence National Historic Park, home to the Liberty Bell, Constitution Hall, and Independence Hall, where you can see how the nation came to be. In the evening, sample the extensive local beer tradition in one of the bars of Center City or Northern Liberties, safe in the knowledge that your car is already booked and waiting to pick you up.
Philadelphia airport transfer
Philadelphia International Airport is based in the city, and with a shuttle service from Blacklane, you can be at your destination quickly and comfortably. Use our door-to-door airport transfer service in Philadelphia as an alternative to taxi queues: your chauffeur will wait at Arrivals for an hour, giving you ample time to transit through customs, before carrying your bags to your car and taking you onward into the city of Philadelphia. Our airport transfers always include a flight-tracking system, so your chauffeur will always be there on time, and all taxes and fees are included as standard.