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Lives Lived-a video series
Meet Rick
A growth appeared on his body, and so he decided to pray about it as he's done throughout his life studying Christian Science. Within days it completely disappeared.
Meet Sarah
After considering ideas from the book of Psalms in the Bible, a sense of depression and grief she'd been struggling with for months (after her mother had passed away) disappeared, and she was healed.
Meet Freni
She'd been taking medication to address epilepsy, but later, after she had started reading a copy of Science and Health given to her sister, she was permanently healed of the disease.
Meet Hilary
She was diagnosed with M.E. disease (chronic fatigue syndrome) and couldn't find a medical solution. She later accepted a Christian Science practitioner's offer to pray for her, and within months she recovered fully.
Meet Dyan
When she was younger, she had a medically-diagnosed astigmatism and started wearing glasses. She also prayed about the vision problem and eventually there was no more defect.
Meet Heather
She was quickly healed of depression when she started to recognize a different view of her own worth, that a Christian Scientist shared with her.
Meet Romee
After being treated by a dentist for a tooth problem, the same symptoms returned the following day. At that point she started reading the book "
Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures
", by Mary Baker Eddy. She felt God's love, and the problem dissipated.
Meet Emily
She had an eating disorder and called a Christian Science practitioner for help. Through the course of a year, not only was she healed of the eating disorder, but also she no longer needed to wear prescription glasses.
Meet Brian
While dealing with symptoms of a throat infection, a spiritual insight led to a quick recovery. It happily surprised his boss to see him the day after he'd been for a visit to Brian's home.
Meet Nicki
She had an intense migraine one day and turned to God in prayer. Within moments, the discomfort completely went away.
Meet Valerie
She started experiencing pain and her muscles became weak. In the past, she has used Christian Science to care for her health, and so she began working with a Christian Science practitioner to pray about this situation. Within months, she was able to make a full recovery and return to her everyday activities.
Meet June
As a 10 year old, several medical specialists had diagnosed her with epilepsy, and thought she wouldn't live for more than two years. But a Christian Scientist friend offered to bring her to Christian Science Sunday School classes. June loved it, and after a year, she was rechecked by a doctor, who found no evidence of epilepsy. That was 70 years ago.
Meet Claire
She wasn't satisfied with the idea of using glasses for the rest of her life to correct her vision, so she began to pray about this. Her vision improved, and she no longer needs her glasses.
Meet Jerry
He suffered from pain from an injury earlier in his life. One day he decided to ask a Christian Science practitioner to treat it with prayer. Not only did the pain dissipate immediately, which was permanent, but as a side effect he was also healed of alcoholism.
Meet Alison
She was initially diagnosed by a dentist as having a dead tooth and infection. Prior to the exam and during it, she was praying as she had learned in Christian Science. By the end, the diagnoses were reversed and the tooth was saved.
Meet Judy
She'd made an appointment with a doctor to remove a growth from her eyelid. But she was also praying as she had learned through Christian Science. Before it came time for the surgery, the growth had completely disappeared.
Meet Edwin
His physician prescribed a way to treat, but not cure, a muscular-skeletal condition he'd been diagnosed with. He met a Christian Science practitioner, and began to consider Christian Science as a viable way to treat the condition. This approach healed him.
Meet Don
After praying with a Christian Science practitioner, distorted vision was restored to clarity. A turning point came one day when he felt a divine sense of peace and well being, and his clear sight returned.
Meet Jane
Shortly after she turned to Christian Science prayer, a separated tendon in her finger healed. A physician had told her just before this that after six weeks of being in a splint, her finger wouldn't heal and she would have the separation forever. Her whole hand is now fully functional.
Meet David
While paying squash, his opponent accidentally hit the ball into his eye. After taking a moment to pray, he was able to return to the game. No damage was found a few days later during an eye exam.
Meet Rosalind
She felt transformed after she experienced a healing through Christian Science of severe stomach pains and diarrhea.
Meet Donna
She fully recovered from a severe car accident within two weeks, after being cared for in a Christian Science nursing facility and receiving Christian Science prayer. A physician later confirmed the healing.
Meet Sunny
She was diagnosed with gallstones, but she was also starting to dig into the book Science and Health. She began to more deeply consider ideas she read about the spiritual nature of health. She was healed through this prayer, followed by medical test showing no sign of the gallstones.
Meet Carolyn
After being put on medication and a regimen of blood tests to address a prognosis of blood clots and a DVT, she began to more deeply understand that a sense of divine Life upheld her. She gradually chose to rely on Christian Science treatment, and was completely healed shortly thereafter.
Meet Heather
She was training for a ballet competition when she sprained her ankle. She decided to use prayer and work with a Christian Science practitioner. After that, she was able to finish preparing and compete without any problem.
Meet Anne
She felt a painful lump in her breast and became afraid because her family had a history of breast cancer. Christian Science treatment through prayer, gave her a greater sense of God's love for His creation. This eliminated the fear and she has been free of the symptoms for over 30 years.
Meet Angie
She was healed of pneumonia through Christian Science prayer. A few months later a physician confirmed that there was no trace of the disease.
Meet Danis
Within a few days of asking a Christian Science practitioner to pray with her, she was healed of chest pains. She'd caught a new view in thinking about herself in relation to God, which not only healed her condition but also helped her find comfort in other aspects of her life.
Meet Rosemary
Within a day after being attacked by a dog, she was free of pain, and within another few days her wounds were totally healed -- the approach she chose for healing was prayer as taught in Christian Science.
Meet Michelle
She found a lump in her breast and felt she needed healing right away, as several family members had dealt with breast cancer. She decided to treat the condition through Christian Science prayer. After six months, not only did she feel a greater sense of peace in her life, but the lump also dissolved. She's been free from this condition for over 10 years.
Meet David
When he was 9-years-old, a doctor diagnosed him with scarlet fever, and unfortunately there was no medical solution. The doctor predicted that David would live only a few more days. His mother asked a Christian Science practitioner to pray for him, and within a few weeks David had fully recovered. The same physician pronounced him free of the disease.
Meet Cathy Ann
She was diagnosed with terminal cancer at the age of 15. With medical treatment, the cancer was in remission. Then 18 years later, she was diagnosed with cancer again and was healed through a spiritual means. Years later she received another diagnosis of cancer. This time she used Christian Science, which she said completely removed the fear of getting cancer. Ever since the Christian Science treatment, she has been healthy and active.
Meet Francois
He had an underbite, and the orthodontist recommended braces. His parents then prayed in Christian Science about his teeth alignment, and when they went back to the orthodontist, braces were no longer necessary.
Meet Luanne
She'd sought medical care to address severe hemorrhaging, but unfortunately she wasn't cured. She then began to learn about Christian Science and had a few healings from it on other issues. One day the hemorrhaging started, and she asked a Christian Science practitioner to pray for her. The condition stopped within a few hours and never returned.
Meet Alex
A physician prescribed some antibiotics for a growth on his leg, which was inhibiting his ability to walk. But Alex felt that due to previous effective healings through Christian Science, he would try spiritual healing first. In a few days the growth disappeared and he was able to run for three hours in a sports event.
Meet Phyllis
When she was six, she became paralyzed as the result of an accident. After five weeks in the hospital, doctors concluded that she'd never be able to walk again. Since the medical profession had no other options, she was released and went home. Her family phoned a Christian Science practitioner to pray for her. The next morning, the paralysis was gone and she could walk. Her case stunned doctors at annual school medical exams for several years.
Meet Kate
Her whole outlook on life changed after she had a severe skateboarding accident. Following surgery to set several bones in her arm and ankle, she struggled with pain in a hospital. She decided to switch to a Christian Science nursing facility instead, and soon found pain relief by turning to God. Not only did her body mend more quickly than the doctor's predictions, but her relationships and attitude improved as well.
Meet Yvette
She went through a complicated birthing process with her first child, which doctors attributed to her blood type. Years later she found herself pregnant again, and decided to call a Christian Science practitioner for prayer support. Not only did she give birth without incident, a specialist confirmed her blood type had actually changed.
Meet Missy
Within 24 hours after her leg showed distressing symptoms from a wound, the symptoms disappeared and she was able to walk normally. She had prayed with ideas from Christian Science, and was thrilled with its quick and effective solution.
Meet Jeremy
He was struggling with a parasitical illness that involved intensive medical treatment, which made him clinically depressed for many years. He then started studying Christian Science, and considered the idea "in Him we live, and move, and have our being." A few months later he asked a Christian Science practitioner to pray for him, and he was completely healed in three weeks. That was several decades ago.
Meet Steve
A large mole appeared on his face, and fear grew when his brother shared a story about a similar condition someone else had diagnosed and removed. Before going to a doctor, Steve chose to consider what he had learned in Christian Science to pray about the situation. Within weeks, the mole had completely disappeared.
Meet Richard
He was going through chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease, a form of cancer, for the second time in two years. He'd started reading Science and Health, and his thinking shifted. Later on, when his physician said he needed further aggressive treatment, Richard asked a Christian Science practitioner to pray for him. Within a short time, no further chemotherapy was needed. This happened 23 years ago.
Meet Kaye
She was twice diagnosed with a kidney deformity and was told she'd never be able to have children. Soon after she started practicing Christian Science, she became pregnant, and her gynecologist found her free of the kidney condition. She had her first child, followed by two more.
Meet Pierluca
When a wart developed on his face, a dermatologist said he'd need to get it removed surgically, and it would leave a scar. He chose instead to apply Christian Science treatment, and the wart was gone within a week. It didn't leave a scar.
Meet Carlos
After an active day at the beach playing sports, he felt pain in his foot that prevented him from walking normally. He chose to pray about the problem with ideas he learned in Christian Science, and he quickly gained full mobility.
Meet Evelin
Her daughter had a stomach problem one evening. After praying in Christian Science, she felt better right away, and by the morning she woke up ready for a school day.
Meet Franca
She discovered a lump in her breast and a lymph node, which she thought might be malignant based on her training as a medical nurse. She had been looking into Christian Science, and wanted to try that form of treatment. As a result, both conditions cleared up within a year.
Meet Melvyn
His wife was seven months pregnant when she fell down the stairs and lost all feeling in her body. He quickly turned to a form of prayer he learned in Christian Science and all sensation returned in her body. Then they left promptly for the hospital, and both she and their unborn son checked out completely fine. Today their son is a healthy adult.
Meet Flavia
She worked in a fresh pasta shop and one day mistakenly caught her hand in a pasta machine. Her colleagues took her to the hospital, and she prayed about the situation. By the time a doctor examined her hand, it only had a small bruise, as opposed to what her colleagues had seen just after the accident.
Meet Georgia
Her toddler was on medication to alleviate food allergies and other physical problems, but the condition did not improve. She remembered some healing ideas she had learned in Christian Science Sunday School, and she applied them to this situation. Soon, the allergies and a rash from them permanently disappeared.
Meet Arturo
He accidentally spilled boiling soup on his hand, but the pain dissolved permanently in a matter of minutes as a result of prayer. His skin was clear within the week.
Meet Cynthia
At one point she became allergic to a lengthy list of basic foods, making it practically impossible to function normally. After she started reading Science and Health, the severe allergies fell away.
Meet Caroline
A bench fell on her foot and she was unable to walk. She chose Christian Science treatment, and by the next day she was able to perform in an opera without a problem.
Meet Joyce
She was flat on her back, in extreme pain. But through prayer, she was freed from pain and able to exercise later that day.
Meet Steve
He had chest pains and difficulty breathing. He chose to have Christian Science treatment and the symptoms quickly dissipated.
Meet Erika
She was hiking in a remote area and became partly paralyzed. She prayed for several hours and all sensation returned.
Meet Myfanwy
Her son was born with a bump on his head, and her doctor could offer no solutions. She prayed and the bump quickly disappeared.
Meet Marilynn
After a severe back and shoulder condition left her practically immobile, she turned to Christian Science and was quickly well.
Meet John
He lost functionality in one of his eyes, but regained sight after praying in Christian Science.
Meet Scott
During a routine prenatal exam with his wife, the doctors discovered their baby had an erratic heartbeat. After praying as taught in Christian Science, the heartbeat normalized by the end of the exam.
Meet Cindy
She had been taking prescription medication for severe allergies. After starting to study Christian Science again, the allergies left and have not returned.
Meet Ali
She was training for the junior olympics as a ski racer, but crashed going down the hill. At first the prognosis was she'd never be able to race again, but the next day she was cleared for competition.
Meet Tony
He used to have sinusitis and was prescribed antibiotics to address the symptoms. But he wasn't completely healed of the condition until he learned about Christian Science.
Meet Elizabeth and Enzo
Enzo collapsed suddenly from a brain clot. After a grim prognosis, he gained full functionality through Christian Science.
Meet Dilshad
She was diagnosed with brusied vocal cords, and was advised not to speak for three months. Christian Science healed her in half the prescribed time.
Meet Marivic
She was searching for a cure for tuberculosis and she was healed after she found Christian Science.
Meet Jane
She had multiple sclerosis and her doctors had no cure. She was completely healed through Christian Science.
Meet Patrick
He was biking in a triathlon. After being hit by a car, he thought he may never race again. He was completely healed through Christian Science.
Meet Philip
He was physically disabled and in no mood to hear about Christianity until he was suddenly healed.
Meet Chris
He was hospitalized after a skiing accident. Due to Christian Science prayer, surgery wasn't needed. He was completely healed.
Meet Dave
While on a camping trip, he got a cold. Rather than just waiting it out, he turned to Christian Science and was quickly cured.


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New digital cameras
Digital camera specs
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Mobile phones
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Sample picture gallery
Camera reviews
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Best cameras
Photo gallery contest
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News 2017
Camera Reviews
1. Introduction
2. Camera
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5. Storage and Energy
6. Conclusion
Ricoh Caplio GX Camera review | Camera
The Caplio GX is a compact designed digital camera with a solid black finishing touch. The camera is rather low compared with its length and is equipped with a useful hand grip. The grip is made of rougher material than the other parts of the camera which gives it a comfortable feeling. The only disadvantage of the rougher surface is the fact that little dust parts can not be removed that easily. The memory slot and the battery compartment are situated in the hand grip. This is covered with a useful lid with dual click system. Pushing the cover aside until a small resistance is met, the memory slot opens up. Pushing the cover more until a click is heard; it can then be opened and shows the battery compartment. A nice and clever solution. The opposite side has two interfaces: the Audio/Video connection and a standard USB 1.1 interface. Unfortunately Ricoh didn't give priority to the much faster USB 2.0 connection which would have been so much more comfortable transferring large files or a large amount of photos from a high capacity memory card onto a computer. Both connections, the A/V and USB 1.1 are open connections, not covered by a rubber cover or otherwise.
The front of the camera is mainly dominated by the 3x optical zoom lens. This optical zoom lens is the result of the experiences Ricoh gained from the film-based Ricoh GR cameras. These lenses were praised enormously, but the lenses had a fixed focus. The technique of these lenses is used to design the 3x optical zoom lens of the Caplio GX. The zoom lens has a small ring with thread. Disconnecting it enables placing an adapter ring and on top of that an optional wide angle converter (DW-4) which delivers a 22mm result. Right above the lens the optical viewfinder is placed, on the left the AF screen by which the focus is arranged. The internal flash is positioned left from the middle on the front, but not that far to the left so that the finger of the right hand would accidentally be placed on it.
Coming to the top side of the camera we find a well-organised and simple setting. The well-known Command Dial is also in on it again, and why not? Over the past years his concept has proved itself to be good time after time. The Command Dial can be operated easily with the thumb of the right hand. The release button can be found blindfolded. A small dial button is placed on the hand grip to scroll through various settings or functions. On the left side the hot shoe is placed. The flash range of the internal flash can be enhanced remarkably with this hot shoe. A so-called X Contact Flash has a second chance to live a useful life on the Caplio GX.
The back of the camera is equipped with a 1.8 inch size LCD monitor. This size seems to be the maximum possible for the height of the camera, but it wouldn't look bad on the next generation Caplio digital cameras to be equipped with a 2 inch size monitor. The resolution of the monitor is 130.000 pixels.
Above the monitor the optical viewfinder is placed which is of a rather small size. No frame or focus frame is used. The optical viewfinder shows a very small part of the optical zoom lens. Down left a small part of the viewfinder is covered by a sticking out part of the zoom lens. One person will relate to it as: disturbing, while someone else will not be bothered about it. On the right side of the monitor the rest of the controls are placed. The small buttons sink a bit too deep into the housing of the camera, in my opinion, but the slight click when pressing the button helps to decide whether the button was pressed well or not good enough. Above it we find the zoom button, very lightly operable, and a quick reacting one.
The bottom of the camera offers a place to the speaker and a universal (metal) tripod connection. The latter one is placed off-centre and the camera will not be exactly in balance but it'll do. It is possible to change the battery and memory card without having to remove the camera from the tripod because the compartment is found in the hand grip.
The compact size and the fine comfortable way the camera lies in ones hand are big advantages on the Caplio GX. The grip offers excellent support and the buttons lie very well-organised. The users' convenience is definitely okay and using the camera is simple. The material feels solid and leaves a good impression.
Ricoh Caplio GX
Ricoh Caplio GX
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subset: commoncrawl


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New Homes at Pendleton Golf Community
For more information:
(804) 448-9933
Pendleton is an 18 hole public golf course community in Caroline County, VA. Amenities include a fully stocked Golf Pro-Shop, walking trails and Congressional Park with tot lot. Pendleton is located between Fredericksburg & Richmond and is only 1 mile to I-95.
Pendleton offers new three-level townhomes with 4 bedrooms and 3 full & 1 half baths. Quick move-ins are available!
|Commonwealth Buried Basement Townhomes
Only 3 new homes remaining! The buried basement townhomes has three finished levels with over 2,000 square feet, 4 bedrooms and 2 full and 2 half baths with an array of options to choose from. Choose from 3 home designs. Pricing starting from$223,000.
Click here to see more renderings and floorplans for Pendleton and to learn more about our other communities.
Sales Hours: Sunday 12-5, Monday 1-5, Thursday - Saturday 10-5 (Tues & Wed by Appointment only)
Directions to the New Home Sales Gallery at Pendleton: From I-95, take Exit 110 Ladysmith. Turn West onto Ladysmith Rd. Follow for .7 mile to a left onto Route 1 South. Proceed for approximately .5 miles and turn right into community onto Edmund Pendleton Drive. Turn right onto Statesman Blvd. Townhome model is on the right.
Tricord Homes, Inc.
P.O. Box 42150
Fredericksburg, VA 22404
(804) 448-9933


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On Sunday morning several people gathered at the corner of 53rd Street and Ninth Avenue in Manhattan, spread a paper stencil over the sidewalk and then used cans of white and red spray paint to cover it. A moment later the result was visible: a 6-foot-by-3-foot image, resembling a detailed woodcut, that featured a pair of wings surrounded by roses.
Then the name "Seth Kahn" was stenciled below the image, along with "November 4, 2009," the day that Mr. Kahn, then a 22-year-old student at the Fashion Institute of Technology, was killed when run over by a bus while crossing the avenue.
"Instead of just saying Seth died here, this is where something terrible happened, those wings are saying Seth is flying by, Seth lives here," said his mother, Debbie Kahn, who watched the image being created. "It's also a warning: Be aware, be careful, life is precious."
Over the course of about 13 hours on Sunday, roughly a dozen people traveled by bicycle to 12 spots in the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Manhattan and stenciled wings and roses at places where pedestrians or bicyclists had died in automobile collisions. Members of the group Right of Way said they had organized the excursion with another group, Families for Safe Streets. The groups picked the stenciling spots after relatives of those who had been killed approved placement of the images.
Robyn Renee Hasty, the artist who created the wings-and-roses design, said she had made the stencil to approximate the size of a human body. And the fact that the images are placed on streets and sidewalks, she added, would cause viewers unconsciously to imitate the posture of emergency workers or onlookers immediately after a collision, or people who were gazing at a tombstone or grave site.
"These are directing a physical viewing angle and creating a physical response, the way a sculpture or an installation would," she said. "That can be evocative and help people feel a connection to these tragic events."
For decades people in New York City and beyond have found various ways to create visually striking memorials for those killed by cars and trucks. Part testament and part call to action, these memorials have been used to mourn, to bring attention to the deaths and even to galvanize political awareness of the sort reflected in the de Blasio administration's Vision Zero policy, which aims to end traffic deaths and injuries.
Memorials of this sort have ranged from the impromptu — candles, snapshots of the deceased, handwritten laments — to large, detailed murals. Some of the most affecting have been painted images or sculptures that were created without official permission and whose unsanctioned nature emphasizes the urgency of their message.
For instance, in New York City, where it is unlawful to paint on streets, various groups have used orange spray paint to make stenciled outlines of bodies at spots where people were killed by automobiles. Those noirlike images are meant to be a blunt reminder of lost lives and to underscore the opinion that many collision deaths should be considered crimes rather than accidents.
About a decade ago, activists in Pittsburgh, St. Louis, New York and other cities created "ghost bikes": bicycles painted white, accompanied by simple plaques bearing the names of the dead and placed at the site of fatal collisions involving motorists and bicyclists. Those memorials — three-dimensional and highly visible — focused attention more closely on how their subjects had died, even hinting at an afterlife.
Dr. Harriet F. Senie, a professor of contemporary American art at the City University of New York graduate center, who studies public art and memorials, said that creations like the ghost bikes and the stencils are part of a "codified contemporary mourning ritual," whose roots in America extend back to the 17th century, when Spanish explorers placed crosses at spots where people had died.
Dr. Senie said she saw the memorials as a way to "seize public space" and to serve as "a form of protest to the powers that be." She added that "having these memorials at the site of death in various communities does build a kind of cumulative awareness that resonates."
Right of Way members said their purpose was to provide a visual reminder of lost lives, and to lobby for rules that would increase accountability for drivers and safety.
"Art has the rare power to make people see the often overlooked or ignored tragedies around us, and inspire us to create change, to end those tragedies," said Keegan Stephan, a member of Right of Way and a participant in the stenciling project on Sunday.
Ms. Hasty, the wings-and-roses artist, said she had wanted an image that was less jarring than the painted outlines and more inclusive than the ghost bikes, which marked spots only where cyclists had died.
On several occasions on Sunday, the images were placed at spots where outline stencils had faded away. At the spot in Long Island City, Queens, where Ryo Oyamada was killed last year after being struck by a police car, the stencil added to an existing memorial that included purple flowers in a plastic bucket, a glass jar of written messages and a sign that read in part, "His family has been demanding the truth behind his death."
And at the corner of Morgan Avenue and Meserole Street, in Bushwick, Brooklyn, the stencil was placed next to a ghost bike memorializing Mathieu Lefevre, who was killed in 2011 after being run over by a truck that left the scene.
A few minutes after the bicyclists who created the stencil departed, Tony Sjoman, who had been painting a mural on a wall across the street, crossed Morgan Avenue to gaze at the Lefevre image. He said that he appreciated its detail and suggested that its location would make it particularly visible to drivers pausing at a stoplight.
"It makes you stop and think," he said. "Maybe it'll make people slow down."


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I am so lucky to have a job that I love and photography has always been a passion of mine. Since receiving my first camera at 7, I have never been without one!
I come from a family of photographers, following in my grandfather and father's footsteps, so I am a third generation photographer. I have a BA in Photographic Media and I have been working as a full time professional photographer for eleven years.
My aim is to make photography fun and relaxed while also producing gorgeous portraits that you will love. My style is a mixture of contemporary reportage and classical portraiture.
I absolutely love photographing weddings and capturing all the emotions of the day.
Please do not hesitate to contact me with your photography ideas or just for a chat.
Sarah x


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Sunday, 19 August 2012
Sir Shina Peters - Afro Juju Series 1(1989)
Hey, hey, here's some more juju for yer ears! Sir Shina Peters started out playing guitar for General Prince Adekunle before forming a group with Segun Adewale in the early eighties. He formed his own juju troup in the late eighties and this was his first release. It's a frantic fusion of juju and fuji - a surefire hit on the dancefloors of my dreams - and I hope you like it.
And while you're here, you may want to check this out - a bizarre Shina Peters jungle remix:
01 Afro-Juju
02 Je Kajo
03 Ijo Shina
04 Moju Kuro
05 Oyin Momo
06 Omoge To Rewa
07 Omo Enia Lo Sora
08 Jesu Gbadura Mi
09 Atoto Arere
10 Irawo Lagba (Ace)
11 Adebisi Odutayo
12 Afro-Juju Lo Gbode
Get it HERE.
5 comments:
- Afro said...
Thanx for this amazzing album ....Im a Juju fan from senegal Im missing one album from Segun Adewale :"Play for me" I can t find any more my old record...Do you have any Segun Adewale to post?
- 24 August 2012 at 16:50
- Mr Tear said...
Hi Afro, I'm glad you're enjoying this one - its a lot of fun. I'm afraid I'm yet to find any Segun Adewale records as yet but here are some links to his music on other sites:
I hope these links still work.
- 25 August 2012 at 07:54
- Dennis Alexis Hellström said...
New music video: http://youtu.be/7NVMXiYChew :)
- 26 August 2012 at 13:26
- Sjef Rolet said...
!!! Atomic BOMB!!!! thanks a million for this incredible dig :D much love from holland, Sjef
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With Revitol you can rid yourself of those unwanted lumps and bumps. Just apply the Cellulite Cream to your thigh, waist, tummy, or chin and watch the fat disappear. Get beauty skin care routine
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I admit it – I make the same mistake over and over. It's like I never learn. There is one thing lately that I've been burned on over and over and it's so frustrating. Totally my own fault but frustrating nonetheless. So, I wanted to do a Mom Tip Video on it so that maybe you won't make the same mistake.
Thanks for the tip. I will have to look for these. I have even purchased "drawstring" pants, but the drawstring turned out to be decorative only! Mom just visited and helped me take in baby boy's pants. It was easier than I thought it would be – just took a few minutes each by pulling in the extra fabric towards the inside of the waist on both sides, then hand-sewing a few stitches.
My kids have a few cute belts that work when the pants do not have adjustable waist elastic.
Yep, I've done it too! 🙂 LOVE the adjustable waist, or at LEAST the ones that have some built-in elastic at the back.
Oh you are NOT alone. Same problem (skinny little waist, longish legs) with our daughter and damn if I don't forget too! Shouldn't ALL kids' pants have adjustable waists?!


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20th Anniversary Big 20 Custom Tee
$24.99 – $30.99
More Information
Celebrate the 20th Anniversary of the best American punk band in a color you choose. We couldn't pick a color, so we're letting you choose.
How does it work? Select your color. All shirts will be printed with waterbased ink on American Apparel (womens), and Bayside Heavyweight (mens) t-shirts. Please allow 3-4 additional business days for your order as these are printed on demand. Made in the USA.


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Dodge Hemi Highway
Choose awesome car: Dodge Charger SE 3,5-litre highoutput V6 engine 250 horsepower; Dodge Charger R/T 5,7-litre HEMI V8 engine with MDS 340 horsepower (276-watt Boston Acoustics); Dodge Charger Daytona R/T 5,7-litre HEMI V8 engine with MDS 350 horsepower with front fascia and rear decklid spoilers + unique interior accents and exterior decal graphics!!! Start your engine and drive around in 15 different tracks, racing against other Dodge Charger cars. Unlock new tracks, new cars () of realistic Dodge racing cars by winning the races and placing best time. This is great 3D car racing game with great graphics and great racing tracks.
Use the arrow keys to drive and press spacebar key to use the "Hemi Time" and get extra speed and acceleration. Try to unlock all cars and all tracks and be the best driver in this game. Have fun and drive safe.


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Incorporated as a city in 1904, Social Circle offers two possibilities for its naming. One local legend has it that a traveler, much impressed by the townspeople's kindness, remarked in passing, "This sure is a social circle?!" Another, less colorful, version of the tale has it that a new resident proposed his old village's name. In either case, Social Circle still prides itself as "Georgia's Greatest Little Town."
In 1896, Social Circle found itself embroiled in a Supreme Court debate about the fairness, or lack thereof, of freight rates. The court's decision in this case indirectly challenged the authority of the relatively new Interstate Commerce Commission, and so, for years after this, people spoke of both the case and the town itself.


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Writing isn't necessarily a linear process. History shows that authors frequently composed their novels by writing or conceptualizing the final chapter or sentence first. Today marks the 77th anniversary of the publication of Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell. She famously wrote her best-selling story of the Old South backwards, penning the saddest parts of the Rhett Butler and Scarlett O'Hara saga before figuring out the details of their tumultuous relationship. After the jump, we explore why eight different authors worked from end to start. May they inspire you to consider an alternative approach to your next narrative.
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John Carter
John Carter is a 3-D movie from Disney that's based on the work of Edgar Rice Burroughs. Yes, that Edgar Rice Burroughs that wrote Tarzan, right? And Tarzan is certainly a much more popular and well-known work. This one, the previews looked just awful, to the extent that I actually thought about not going. Bad girl, bad girl. But I went and it's actually not terrible; I know, damning by faint praise. It's a bit too long, it's kind of silly, but it is sort of vaguely entertaining in some ways. It could have been at least 20 to 30 minutes shorter because it's 2 hours and 17 minutes. The story is about a Civil War cavalry officer that is transported to Mars and has great powers, a twelve-foot friend, and the love of the most gorgeous woman in the universe; all in 3D. Its noisy, silly, sort of confusing fun, but having said that, it's better than I expected it to be so I'll give it two and a half stars.


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Six of the world's most successful modern architects have been shortlisted to help turn the £600 million redevelopment of New Street Station into a landmark gateway to Birmingham.
In a determined effort to respond to criticism that original drawings for the makeover lacked the "wow factor", partners behind the project have cast their net far and wide.
Martin Chambers, the Network Rail programme director in charge of the New Street revamp, said the aim was to find an architect who would bring "magic and excitement" to the new building.
Firms on the shortlist include US-based Rafael Vinoly, responsible for designing the Walkie Talkie building in the City of London and the Bronx Hall of Justice in New York.
Also in the running is London-based Foreign Office Architects, whose portfolio of successful projects includes the Yokohama Ferry Terminal in Japan and the BBC Music Centre at White City, London. FOA is one of four masterplanners for the 2012 London Olympic Games.
Others on the shortlist include Dutch-based UN Studio, designers of the Mercedes Benz Museum in Stuttgart; Australia's Lab Architecture, the practice behind Melbourne's Federation Square; Idom UK, responsible for the Bermondsey Spa regeneration scheme in south London; and Spanish-based Crab.
The winner of the New Street design competition, which is being organised by the Royal Institution of British Architects, will be announced in April.
The successful practice will act as concept architects, redesigning the station's exterior and creating a new atrium at a cost of about £30 million, while working alongside lead consultant Atkins and architect BDP, the firm behind the design of the new Piccadilly Station in Manchester.
BDP will act as delivery architects, tackling infrastructure design, retail elements and the station concourse as well as making the concept "achievable, buildable and affordable", Mr Chambers told Building Design magazine.
"We intend to retain the concept architect throughout to act as a design guardian.
Mr Chambers said whoever was appointed concept architect would have to demonstrate "real flair" and be able to work alongside Atkins and BDP.
Network Rail's initial drawings depicting the station atrium and exterior were criticised by city council regeneration director Clive Dutton last year. Mr Dutton said the design was unexciting and lacked the "wow factor".
The final piece of the New Street jigsaw was put in place last week when Government funding of £400 million was approved, enabling work to begin on the project in 2009 with a projected completion date of summer 2013.
Talks are continuing between the New Street Gateway Plus partnership and the owners of the Pallasades shopping centre.
A number of shops at the Pallasades will disappear in order to create space for the new station atrium.
Shoppers will be able to peer down into the huge light, airy passenger concourse underneath, which will be three and a half times bigger than it is now, allowing a 150 per cent increase in passenger capacity.
A Network Rail spokesman said it was hope an "amicable" agreement could be reached with the Pallasades. The new concourse will be built over two floors of the current NCP car park and other major changes include:
* Airport-style passenger lounges in the concourse, with 42 escalators and 14 lifts connecting to the platforms
Seven public entrances to the station instead of four at present
* A huge glazed public square opposite the Bullring entrance
Mr Chambers added: "The station is important in its own right, it should be putting its own stamp on the cityscape. The ambition is to make it accessible from every angle. There is a lot of work ahead, but this will hopefully promote other regeneration projects in the area."


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This 2-storey cottage house defines what living in comfort and style means. The house looks grand and elegant but its location gives it a fresh and homey atmosphere, thus creating the feeling of wanting to stay and just cuddle and never leave at all.
With just beams placed vertically one after the other, the open porch could be an ideal place to relax and enjoy the company of friends over coffee while savoring the beauty of nature. The elegant fireplace in the center is stellar for it will surely give warmth and glow to the very cozy and comfy family room. Another eye catcher is the classy bathroom with its own bath tub placed at the far end of the room.
When taking a bath, the owner can get a glimpse of some green in the backyard. In addition, the kitchen and the dining area give us the modern touch of the house, what with the design and the fixtures used. Furthermore, a private bungalow, made especially for visitor's comfort and privacy, is placed on the other side of the screened patio.
It would be ideal to use steel frames and metal sidings to make it more durable and lessen the maintenance cost. The comfort and practicality will surely make this property worth keeping!
Stats: 2,717 sq. ft., 4 bedrooms, 3 baths. More details and features in the plans below.
Blue Print Plans: Scroll down below!
Construction ready floor plans: get here.
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News & media
Schools and Communities Working Together
Working to strengthen the natural partnerships between schools and communities, close to 3 000 parents, caregivers, and representatives from community organisations such as churches and libraries attended special community trainings at the rural schools that form part of Nal'ibali's Story Powered Schools network this May.
"It takes a village to raise a child," says Story Powered Schools programme manager, Michael Cekiso, explaining the valuable role that parents and other adults can play in the upbringing and literacy learning of all our children.
Children are learning all the time: in the home and in the community. Learning doesn't only happen at school. Children are learning whether they are playing, listening to a story or simply observing the adults around them going about their daily lives. This type of informal learning is powerful because it means that all adults, no matter their experience or education level, can act as role models and teachers for their children, simply by telling or sharing a story with them in their mother tongue.
Invited to revisit their childhood memories, participants were encouraegd to recall and share the songs, games and stories they enjoyed as children and what it felt like to be young and having these experiences.
Building on these happy memories, the training emphasised the benefits of using home languages or more than one language; how participants can support the work of schools by setting up and running reading clubs of their own or by volunteering at those run by the schools.


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It used to be No. 1. Now lagging, Univision announces radical changes.
Univision Communications announced Tuesday that it is partnering with Mexican media giant Grupo Televisa in an attempt to boost the U.S. Spanish-language network's declining ratings.
News and all other operations of both companies will remain independent, and the terms of the licensing agreement between the two will remain the same, according to a news release.
Currently Televisa has a 40 percent voting interest in Univision and holds 49 percent of Univision's equity.
Isaac Lee, chief news, entertainment and digital officer for Univision Communications, will assume the role of chief content officer for both Univision and Televisa. In the new post, he will oversee the creation of new programming designed to appeal to Mexican and U.S. Hispanic audiences. Televisa will continue to produce its own news and sports content.
José Bastón Patiño, formerly Televisa's chief content officer, will now head the company's international division, which currently distributes content to 70 countries around the world.
Once the undisputed champion of the U.S. Spanish-language TV landscape, Univision has lost 58 percent of its prime-time audience — 1.2 million viewers — over the past four years. Rival Telemundo ended 2016 as the No. 1 Spanish-language network in prime-time season-to-date in the prized demographics of adults 18-49 and adults 18-34.
Telemundo has grown its audience by investing in hip, original, innovative programming that delves into timely topics of crime, immigration and the drug trade.
But Univision has continued pay nearly $400 million per year in licensing costs to Televisa for traditional telenovelas, made in Mexico, that recycle plot lines and casts.
Televisa has also shied away from the narco-dramas that have fueled Telemundo's popularity among younger viewers due to sensitivity over drug-related crime and violence in Mexico.
By merging its production and development operations, Univision and Televisa will be able to share costs while experimenting creatively with a new brand of Spanish-language programming.
Lee, 46, joined Univision in December 2010 as president of news and expanded the company's digital presence. He has been the CEO of Fusion, a former joint venture with ABC/Disney that courts the millennial audience, since 2013.
"Isaac is a distinctive success story," says Andrew Heyward, a visiting researcher at MIT Media Lab and the former president of CBS News from 1996-2005. "He is a visionary and he's very bold. He thinks big. He's in no way a typically cautious corporate citizen, yet he's been able to make changes and rise inside a large corporate structure."
Lee won't be the first former news executive making the leap to the creative entertainment industry. Jeff Zucker went from producing the "Today" show to being president of NBC Entertainment. Former CBS News president Howard Stringer later served as chairman and CEO of Sony Pictures Entertainment and Sony Music. Ben Sherwood made the leap from ABC News to co-chairman of Disney Media Networks.
Lee's experience expanding Univision's news division — including the addition of English-language content and the formation of the Fusion Media Group, which includes several well-known websites such as The Onion and The AV Club — could help him transform the stodgy telenovela format at Televisa.
"Soap operas are a good analogy for the nightly newscast," Heyward says. "Just like the next generation isn't going to sit down to watch the noticiero at 6:30 p.m. every night, soaps were a vibrant and sustaining model of entertainment for a long time, but that time has passed. In media in general, you can't just show up and be successful anymore. You have to connect with your audience in some other way, and Isaac is a change agent. You don't hire him to be a steward of your operation; you hire him to change it."
Univision has been trying to unveil an IPO since 2015, without success. In November, the company laid off 250 employees, or 6 percent of its staff, following a third-quarter loss of $30.5 million.
Earlier this month, the FCC approved a petition filed by Televisa and Univision to increase the Mexican company's 14 percent voting interest and 10 percent equity in Univision to 40 and 49 percent, respectively. The strengthened union between the two companies allows them to serve a combined U.S.-Mexico audience of 175 million viewers.
"I look at Isaac Lee as the ideal leader of our joint content efforts," Univision president and CEO Randy Falco stated in a press release. "With his creative mind and keen understanding of the rapidly changing tastes of young audiences, Univision and Televisa are best positioned to continue to evolve our aligned content offerings."
Rene Rodriguez: 305-376-3611, @ReneMiamiHerald


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Automobile Bodywork and Paintwork
Industry data
In Israel, there are currently approximately 580 automobile bodywork garages. In addition, many general automobile garages also operate bodywork departments.
Market Characteristics
- The industry is controlled by a large number of small, privately owned businesses.
- Most bodywork requests are a result of road accidents. This clientele can be divided into two groups: bodywork covered by the insurance company (the larger part of the market) and those not covered by insurance.
Customers: Defining the Target Market and its Size, Market segmenting
The market is composed of a number of groups:
- Insurance companies, as part of their settlement automobile garage plan.
- Private customers. These customers approach automobile garages in order to repair damages not covered by insurance or when they are not interested in repairing as part of an insurance settlement.
- Corporate customers- company and corporation automobile fleets.
Most competition stems from similar businesses operating in the area. Notwithstanding, a garage associated with an insurance agency has a relative advantage stemming from the large number of insurance company requests and comfortable customer payment terms to .
Replacement part vendors: Original parts, refurbished parts, unoriginal, or used: car importers, parallel import, junk yards, and refurbishment garages. As a rule, the decision regarding the source of parts is made by insurance assessor in case of a car accident.
Additional vendors: paint, tools, expandable materials.
In addition, establishment, installment, and maintenance of fume chamber, including compressors and pneumatic systems.
Marketing resources
- Advertising in local press and specialized guidebooks.
- Reputation and references.
Entry Barriers
- A Ministry of Transportation automobile garage management license is required in addition to employment of a certified professional manager, investment in equipment and tools, renovation, and appropriating the construction as required.
Human Resources:
Human resources in the automobile bodywork and paint industry are composed of professionals, expert painters/artists and assistants/ trainees.
Staff is usually comprised of four professional tinkers to each professional painter. In addition, 2-6 assistants/trainees.
In a small business approximately 6 employees including the owner, 2 expert tinkers, and 3 assistants.
Required Equipment and Property:
Average area of a car garage is 300-500 square meters, which allows the business to simultaneously care for 10 automobiles.
In order to conduct painting, an air compressor, pneumatic systems, and various spray painters are required. There should also be a closed fume chamber for painting and color baking near or around the structure.
Many garages own an automobile lift used for chassis maintenance and repairs.
In addition, office furniture and equipment is required.
Required Investment
Financing required in order to establish a bodywork garage is relatively low, in comparison to other types of garages. Investment is mainly required in construction, establishment of a fume chamber, and acquiring professional equipment and tools.
Industry revenue and profitability
Profit in the industry stems from two main sources: Revenue from labor and revenue from parts. The ratio of revenue from labor and revenue from parts is 1 to 1.7-2.3. Meaning: for each 1NIS earned for labor, 1.7-1.3 NIS is earned for parts.
Revenue per worker from labor +parts for 2003:
- General garage- 977-1,193 thousand NIS
- Certified or Specialized garage- 1,221-1,483 thousand NIS
Revenue per working paintwork craftsman for 2003:
- General car garage- 241 thousand NIS
- Certified or specialized garage – 291 thousand NIS.
An additional source of revenue is contract work- work contracted out to another garage in order to complete the job, such as electricians, glaziers, or mechanics. Profit for these jobs is 15%.
Automobile Bodywork and Paintwork
- Most transactions in the industry are conducted through insurance companies. In these cases, the garage owner receives a postponed check from the car owner for 30-45 days. During this period, the insurance company returns the money to the car owner, and the check is then cashed by the garage owner. The car owner pays the full cost of the repairs including self-participation.
- An alternative is a garage is associated with insurance companies. This alternative provides payment for the car garage by the insurance company, and the latter bills the car owner for self-participation.
- Typical payment terms offered to business customers running a fleet of vehicles by contract is EOM+30 to EOM + 60.
Risk Level:
- When the business is first established the risk is relatively high, due to the high investment required in equipment, inventory, and licensing.
- Long-term arrangements with insurance companies or corporate customers may decrease profitability, but promise coverage of regular expenses and reaching the balance point within a short period, and therefore the initial high risk is reduced.
Licenses and Certifications:
- The garage must be licensed by local authorities and the Ministry of Transportation, and receive a permit from the Ministry for Quality of Environment.
Business insurance (for content and inventory), third party insurance, employer's liability insurance, professional liability insurance loss of income insurance, and garage liability insurance. In addition to the above, an insurance agent should be consulted in regards to the need for additional insurance.


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Richard Pearse
Bo Grumpus Balls the Jack
Sugar plum, just bowl your cannonball one bounce into my cellar. Been too peaceable lately. Your blind eye can sigh all it wants, but it's me the singing icons kiss.
O Piney! Every dark scar of ours hisses amiss. Can anybody else whistle like this? Not in our plenipotentiary rags.
Old blue stovepipe gal, you glad we toddled off to Toledo? There we were—pro-Pan-American Exposition all the way–too tight!
Sure as born, this bourbon & me team up—I'm the true Kentucky Fried. Now it's off to Bogaloosa, Pontchartrain, then back to Yazoo, just for your barbecue.
Just shoot your arrow through my jail cell, while my Blue Devils still got your shack surrounded. You marching thru Araby with me? Best never let the gentries know.
O dippermouth--I dream bleeding blackberries. But in my heart, on my knees, the lit question–you still want me back, notwithstanding my last gator wobble out of town?
If you do, sorghum queen, wink your good eye.
read "You, If Only" by Richard Pearse


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You can support the PTA in various ways:
The AGM for the PTA was held on 25th September 2013. Please click here to view the minutes.
The 50/50 draw is great way of supporting QEHS PTA - further details can be found by clicking here.
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- Research article
- Open Access
Inferring a transcriptional regulatory network of the cytokinesis-related genes by network component analysis
- Shun-Fu Chen†1,
- Yue-Li Juang†2,
- Wei-Kang Chou1,
- Jin-Mei Lai3,
- Chi-Ying F Huang4Email author,
- Cheng-Yan Kao5 and
- Feng-Sheng Wang1Email author
© Chen et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2009
- Received: 13 January 2009
- Accepted: 27 November 2009
- Published: 27 November 2009
Network Component Analysis (NCA) is a network structure-driven framework for deducing regulatory signal dynamics. In contrast to principal component analysis, which can be employed to select the high-variance genes, NCA makes use of the connectivity structure from transcriptional regulatory networks to infer dynamics of transcription factor activities. Using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system, we aim to deduce regulatory actions of cytokinesis-related genes, using precise spatial proximity (midbody) and/or temporal synchronicity (cytokinesis) to avoid full-scale computation from genome-wide databases.
NCA was applied to infer regulatory actions of transcription factor activity from microarray data and partial transcription factor-gene connectivity information for cytokinesis-related genes, which were a subset of genome-wide datasets. No literature has so far discussed the inferred results through NCA are independent of the scale of the gene expression dataset. To avoid full-scale computation from genome-wide databases, four cytokinesis-related gene cases were selected for NCA by running computational analysis over the transcription factor database to confirm the approach being scale-free. The inferred dynamics of transcription factor activity through NCA were independent of the scale of the data matrix selected from the four cytokinesis-related gene sets. Moreover, the inferred regulatory actions were nearly identical to published observations for the selected cytokinesis-related genes in the budding yeast; namely, Mcm1, Ndd1, and Fkh2, which form a transcription factor complex to control expression of the CLB2 cluster (i.e. BUD4, CHS2, IQG1, and CDC5).
In this study, using S. cerevisiae as a model system, NCA was successfully applied to infer similar regulatory actions of transcription factor activities from two various microarray databases and several partial transcription factor-gene connectivity datasets for selected cytokinesis-related genes independent of data sizes. The regulated action for four selected cytokinesis-related genes (BUD4, CHS2, IQG1, and CDC5) belongs to the M-phase or M/G1 phase, consistent with the empirical observations that in S. cerevisiae, the Mcm1-Ndd1-Fkh2 transcription factor complex can regulate expression of the cytokinesis-related genes BUD4, CHS2, IQG1, and CDC5. Since Bud4, Iqg1, and Cdc5 are highly conserved between human and yeast, results obtained from NCA for cytokinesis in the budding yeast can lead to a suggestion that human cells should have the transcription regulator(s) as the budding yeast Mcm1-Ndd1-Fkh2 transcription factor complex in controlling occurrence of cytokinesis.
- Independent Component Analysis
- Transcription Factor Activity
- Transcriptional Regulatory Network
- Gene CHS2
- Transcription Factor Complex
Cytokinesis is the process that one cell divides into two daughter cells after segregation of the paired sister-chromatids is completed. Cytokinesis ensures that two daughter cells have identical genetic information, cytosolic components, and organelles. In animal cells, the midbody is a transient "organelle-like" structure whose components are indispensable for cytokinesis [1]. Through proteomic analysis and literature reviews, 190 non-redundant proteins were identified as conserved in the mammalian midbody complex [1]. Inappropriate regulation of midbody formation may significantly affect terminal cytokinesis events and result in a multi-nucleate phenotype, which may contribute to the development of cancer [1–4]. Therefore, understanding the mechanism that regulates formation of the midbody complex, and its role in cytokinesis, may allow us to gain more insight into cancer development.
In animal cells, the 22 conserved core components thought to be required for cytokinesis are PRC1, KIF4, MKLP1, CYK-4, Aurora B, Incenp, Survivin, and Borealin on the central spindle; myosin heavy chain, regulatory light chain, actin, formin, profilin, cofilin, and anillin in the contractile ring; RhoA, ECT2, ROCK, MYPT, and citron kinase in the RhoA pathway; syntaxin on the vesicle; and septin (see review by Glotzer, 2005) [5]. In fact, these 22 core proteins, except for MKLP1, Borealin, KIF4, ROCK, MYPT, and citron kinase, also have counterparts in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae[6–13]. Of note, the polo-like kinase has recently been shown to be the key regulator for initiation of cytokinesis in human and yeast cells, though it is not included in these 22 core components [12, 14]. Therefore, although the cytokinesis mechanism is somewhat more complex in human cells than in yeast cells, the fundamental aspects of the cytokinesis mechanism should be highly conserved. Furthermore, because no systematic analysis has been performed to identify cytokinesis-related genes in S. cerevisiae, information from proteomic analysis of the mammalian midbody complex will be useful as a comparable reference for cytokinesis of budding yeast.
Microarray technology has made it possible to monitor gene expression levels on a genome-wide scale. To uncover useful information from very large amounts of microarray data, we should consider various approaches exquisitely suited for multidimensional problems. An attractive approach for studying transcriptional regulation at the genomic scale is to use transcription factor activities (TFAs) to represent gene expression dynamics. In general, transcriptional activity is largely controlled by a relatively small set of transcription factors, which are themselves regulated transcriptionally and/or post-transcriptionally. In addition to synthesis, the level of mRNA is also controlled by "degradation factors" that regulate mRNA stability.
Network component analysis (NCA) developed by Liao et al. has been applied to deduce TFAs in transcriptional regulatory networks from both the microarray data and the partial transcription factor (TF)-gene connectivity information [15–19]. In this study, NCA will be applied to infer the dynamic behaviors of the cytokinesis-related genes. However, human cytokinesis-related genes have not been completely elucidated, so that smaller datasets are available for inferring TFAs in the cytokinesis-related genes through NCA. In this work, various data sizes for the cytokinesis-related genes will be applied to deduce TFAs. Therefore, we can validate that NCA is independent of the size of the collected information.
Network component analysis (NCA) is applied for deducing regulatory signals or transcription factor activities (TFAs). NCA is a network structure-driven framework for deducing regulatory signal dynamics. In contrast to classical approaches such as principal component analysis (PCA) or independent component analysis, NCA makes use of the connectivity structure from transcriptional regulatory networks to restrict the decomposition to a unique solution.
Three criteria for the original NCA must be satisfied [16, 24] to ensure unique solutions to the matrix decomposition problem. The criteria can be summarized as: (i) The control strength matrix A must have full-column rank; (ii) When a node in the regulatory layer is removed along with all of the output nodes connected to it, the resulting network must be characterized by a connectivity matrix that still has full-column rank. This condition implies that each column of A must have at least L-1 zeros; and (iii) The TFA matrix P must have full row rank for the original NCA. In other words, no regulatory signal can be expressed as a linear combination of the other regulatory signals. The third criterion implies that the number of TFAs analyzed must be smaller or equal to the number of data points. This criterion significantly limits the number of TFAs that can be derived from microarray data. Galbraith et al. [19] have introduced the REDUCE method to relax the third criterion to allow the number of TFs is greater than the number of experiments. In this study, we first apply the first and second criteria to reconstruct the full-column rank data matrix and initial control matrix, As a result, the number of genes is greater than the number of TFs so that the third criterion is automatically satisfied. NCA has shown its effectiveness in discovering regulators and inferring TFAs when both microarray data and transcription factor-gene connectivity information are available. Network component mapping [25] and motif-directed NCA [26] have introduced to deduce hidden networks due to limit topology information available. Several algorithms for NCA have been applied to overcome problems of convergence and stability. In this study, we use the NCA algorithm downloaded from the web site, http://www.seas.ucla.edu/~liaoj/, to compute all case studies.
Results and Discussion
Transcriptional regulation is quite complex in mammalian cells. It will become somewhat difficult to specify the transcriptional regulation at proper spatial/temporal conditions such as cytokinesis. Fortunately, the basis of the cytokinesis mechanism is highly conserved between human and yeast cells. Furthermore, systematic analyses for cell cycle expression profiles of all the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes have been performed and are available in databases [27, 28]. Therefore, we will use S. cerevisiae as a model system to simplify our approach to building up an inference system for identifying the relationship between transcription regulation of novel genes and the occurrence of cytokinesis. Because the midbody complex is indispensable for cytokinesis in animal cells, we used the HomoloGene database, that is available at the http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/homologene/, to determine whether yeast homologs exist for 190 human midbody proteins collected from midbody proteomics analysis and other published observations. It turns out that 39 of 190 known human midbody proteins have homologs in S. cerevisiae. In addition, 21 cytokinesis-related genes systematically identified in fission yeast also have homologs in S. cerevisiae[29–31]. Altogether, 60 non-redundant cytokinesis-related genes were collected for our analysis (Additional File 1: Table S1).
We first analyzed the S. cerevisiae cell cycle expression database that is available at the website http://genome-www.stanford.edu/cellcycle/. The time-course microarray database for 6178 genes was collected at 18 different time points in an α-factor arrest/release experiment. Of note, some gene expression data are missing in this time-course microarray database. However, many algorithms for gene expression analysis, including NCA and PCA, require a complete matrix of gene array values as input. Therefore, the singular value decomposition method, the weighted K-nearest neighbors method, and the row average method were applied to estimate such missing values in this microarray database [32]. We found that the K-nearest neighbor method gave a more accurate estimation of missing microarray data than the other two [32]. The estimated values were added to the time-course microarray database to allow us to select the expression data of 60 cytokinesis-related genes we collected to infer transcriptional regulatory network through NCA.
The first, second and third principal components for gene expression levels in an α-factor/release experiment.
Absolute Loading value
Mutant Phenotype
Mutant Phenotype
The control strength matrix inferred from various gene expression data.
Following similar procedures as discussed in Cases I and II, these genes are then applied to construct the matrix E and the connective structure of the control strength matrix A through the gene-TF database. Some of the genes are not included in the database. Therefore, 10 genes listed in Case III of Figure 1 are used to select the 447 × 18 data matrix and 447 × 11 initial control strength matrix, and then to infer the corresponding control strength and TFAs. In Case IV of Figure 1, 6 genes are made up from the first principal component, except MYO1, which belong to the M-phase, and GPA1 in the M/G1 phase of the second principal component. These genes are used to construct the 348 × 18 data matrix and 348 × 7 initial control strength matrix. Applying the decomposition computation in the equation (5) (see methods), we yield the 7 TFA profiles and their corresponding gene expressions as shown (—▯— curves) in Figures 2 and S1. The inferred TFA profiles for Case I (—Š— curves), II (— curves), and III (—▼— curves) are also shown in Figures 2 and S1, and are nearly identical to Case IV. This fact indicates that the inferred TFA profiles are independent of the scale of the data matrix. The inferred control strength matrix A is listed in Table 2 and Additional File 1: Table S4. In a biological network, elasticity coefficients, which are referred to as relative sensitivities, are used as a measurement to evaluate how relative influence for a rate to a variable. From equation (1), we can evaluate each elasticity coefficient, i.e., to compute the relative sensitivity for each rate synthesis, Vsynthesis, with respect to each TFA, which equals to the control strength. Ndd1 regulated on gene CHS2 has the higher strength of 3.1035, as observed from Table 2. On the other hand, Fkh2 regulated on CHS2 is the highest negative regulation.
The regulated actions for each TF in midbody genes.
(-, -, -, -), [-]
(-, -, -, +), [-]
(-, +, +, +)
(+, +, +, +), [+]
(+, +, +*, -), [+]
(+, +, +, +)
(-, +, +,-), [-]
(-, -, -, -), [-]
(+, -, -,+*)
(+, -, +, +), [+]
(-, +, +, -)
(-, -, -, -), [-]
(-, -, -, +)
(+, +*, -*, +), [+]
(+, +, +, +), [+]
The control strength matrix inferred from various gene expression data.
The regulated actions for each TF in cytokinesis-related genes.
In S. cerevisiae, Mcm1, Ndd1, and Fkh2 form a transcription factor complex to control expression of the CLB2 cluster, which is comprised of a group of 35 cell cycle-regulated genes that are transcribed from the end of the S phase to nuclear division [27, 28, 40]. Of these 35 CLB2 cluster genes, BUD4, CHS2, CYK2, MYO1, IQG1, ASE1, CDC5, DBF2, MOB1, and TEM1 have been shown to have a role in cytokinesis [6, 11, 41–47]. In particular, BUD4, CHS2, IQG1, and CDC5 were selected in NCA. More importantly, like human polo-like kinase PLK1 [14], the polo-like kinase Cdc5 is also a key regulator essential for occurrence of cytokinesis [12]. Cdc5 has a role in activating Rho1 for contractile actin ring formation at the bud neck and hence promotes cytokinesis [12].
The activity of the Mcm1-Ndd1-Fkh2 complex is known to be up-regulated through phosphorylation of Fkh2 by the Clb5/Cdc28 kinase complex and Ndd1 by the Clb2/Cdc28 kinase complex and Cdc5 [48–51]. Obviously, expression of CLB2 and CDC5 genes are regulated through positive feedback control. Because Mcm1, Ndd1, and Fkh2 localize to the nucleus but not to the bud neck where cytokinesis occurs, they are unlikely to have a direct role in cytokinesis, but instead form a transcription factor complex to function as a key regulator for expression of cytokinesis-related proteins, such as Cdc5, to allow occurrence of cytokinesis.
Network component analysis is a data decomposition method for reconstructing regulatory signals and control strengths by using partial and qualitative network connectivity information. This method contrasts with traditional statistical techniques, such as principal component analysis and independent component analysis, in that it does not make any assumption regarding the statistical properties of the regulatory signals. Rather, network structure, even if incompletely known, is used to generate a network consistent representation of the regulatory signals. This method is validated experimentally by using absorbance spectra and then applied to transcriptional regulatory networks. Applying NCA deducing a regulatory network, we address whether the inference is sensitive to the size of dataset used. This is an interesting contribution to the field of network inference. In this study, NCA was applied to infer regulatory actions of transcription factor activities from a microarray database and partial transcription factor-gene connectivity information for cytokinesis-related genes. We could not establish a full scale NCA for the cytokinesis-related genes due to the lack of genome-wide information. Four gene selection cases were respectively applied to infer the dynamics of TFAs in order to validate that the inferred dynamics of TFAs through NCA were independent of the scale of the data matrix. From the computational results, the inferred TFA dynamics are almost identical despite variations in data sizes for cytokinesis-related genes. On the other hand, PCA could be employed to select the higher-variance genes. In this study, we found that higher-variance genes from the first and second principal components were cytokinesis-related genes that belonged to the M-phase or M/G1 phase. Moreover, the control strengths are equivalent to the elasticity coefficients in a biological network. Each inferred value indicates the connective strength for the TF regulated on the corresponding gene. Higher values indicate higher interaction levels. Since, in the budding yeast, the Mcm1-Ndd1-Fkh2 transcription factor complex can regulate expression of the cytokinesis-related genes BUD4, CHS2, IQG1, and CDC5 that were selected in NCA, our studies revealed that NCA could be successfully applied for inferring the transcriptional regulatory network of cytokinesis-related proteins in cytokinesis.
Bud4, Iqg1, and Cdc5 are respectively yeast counterparts of human midbody-associated proteins ANLN (anillin), IQGAP1, and PLK1 that are required for cytokinesis. More importantly, both the budding yeast Cdc5 and human PLK1 are key regulators for initiation of cytokinesis. Therefore, in this study, results obtained from NCA for cytokinesis in the budding yeast can lead to a suggestion that human cells should have the transcription regulator for expression of ANLN, IQGAP1 or PLK1 as the budding yeast Mcm1-Ndd1-Fkh2 transcription factor complex in controlling occurrence of cytokinesis.
This research was supported by grants from NSC (Program for Interdisciplinary Research Project: NSC97-2627-B-010-011 to C. Huang, NSC97-2627-B-030-001 to J.-M. Lai, NSC96-2627-B-194-001 to F.-S. Wang, and NSC97-2627-B-002-005 to C.-Y. Kao), and NSC97-3112-B-010-025-CC1 and the Program for Promoting Academic Excellence of Universities (National Yang Ming University) to C. Huang.
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text:
Today I got an email advising me that I need to get together with my instructors and decide on a weapon for weapons training. This will be cool! I'm excited about that. I have a Bo already, but learning more is going to be a great opportunity. I don't know if I want to continue with the bo or if I want to try my hand with kamas or with sais. I have a cheap pair of kamas, plus I 'inherited' some kamas from a girl I used to train with at the old dojang, which are wooden. I'm not sure I want to learn those or try something new.
That makes me wonder...just how many different weapons ARE there in martial arts???
Working The Basics
6 days ago


text:
Hello everyone! Today I am back to show you a card I made using stamps from the Craftin Desert Divas Get Wild set. I think this set is really great, it's packed full of cute images, and there are just so many ways in which you can use it! From clean and simple to scene cards - it's really just up to you!
I wanted this card to tell a story, and I thought I could achieve that by creating windows to frame some of the images and adding the main image to my card base. I wanted the windows to look like pictures showing the adventures of the little guy in the 4x4.
I started off by coloring some of the images in the set with my Spectrum Noir markers, trying to stick to neutral tones. I used Neenah Solar white cardstock, and my Silhouette Portrait to cut out the image outlines.
For my card front I used some Neenah Desert Storm cardstock and the smallest from the Craftin Desert Divas Inside Scalloped Squares dies to create some windows. For the inside of the windows I used some Windsor and Newton Cotman watercolor cardstock and did some ink blending with Distress Inks. I used Peeled Paint and Crushed Olive, and my Ranger mini ink blender.
I glued the front of my card to the watercolor cardstock, and then I adhered the critters, the leaves, and the cute guy to my card front. I used liquid glue so that I would have some room to wiggle my images in place and have them exactly where I want them.
For my sentiment I used one of the dies in the Craftin Desert Divas Flag Banner Dies set to cut a banner out of some Neenah Desert Storm cardstock. I adhered the banner with some more liquid glue and added a few more leaves for some extra interest.
And that'it for today's card! I really hope you guys liked it and enjoyed this post! Don't forget to join the Craftin Desert Divas Facebook release event for more inspiration from the Design Team, fun freebies and giveaways! I will list all the products I used at the end of this post, and I will be back soon with another fun project! In the meantime I wish you all a great day! Ciaooo!
Craftin Desert Divas Get Wild stamp set
Craftin Desert Divas Inside Scalloped Squares
Craftin Desert Divas Flag Banner dies
Neenah Desert Storm cardstock
Neenah Solar White cardstock
Windsor and Newton Cotman Watercolor cardstock
Spectrum Noir markers
Distress Ink - Peeled Paint, Crushed Olive
Ranger mini ink blender
Tombow mono multi glue
Sizzix Big Shot Express
Silhouette Portrait
Tonic Studios Guillotine Trimmer