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By John M. Forrester
You've just finished filming your short and you're in financial peril,
having maxed out all your credit cards during production. Your friends
begin to hate you because of all the work you guilt-tripped them into
doing for free. You've called in markers, even hocked yourself in the
emotional bank account which creative people use to trade favors. But
your artistic soul grins like a Cheshire cat. Your work is good and you
know it. It's stylish, hip and makes a statement. Now what? Unique
distribution opportunities for short films exist. You must go out and
find them.
Exposure, baby. Hit the festival circuit with a vengeance. It's a
great idea to get to know the artistic directors at the festivals, even
to volunteer to work at them. Film festivals literally swarm with sales
agents, producer's representatives and distributors. Shake hands and
exchange cards with as many film marketers as you possibly can. It
would be impossible to mention all of the film festivals in this
article, however, we will mention a few of particular interest to short
Beyond the Triple Crown of international festivals of Cannes (May),
Berlin (February) and Venice (September), France's Clermont-Ferrand
festival is very esteemed for its shorts. During the 1997 short film
market, more than 40 TV channels or services, about 50 distributors and
more than 60 international festivals attended the market to view, select
and buy short films. In Los Angeles, The Short Pictures International
Film Festival (SPIFF) has emerged into one of the premiere showcases in
the world for shorts. To reach the SPIFF, try 310-558-6691 or visit
their website www.spiffest.com>. Filmmakers' Alliance member
Dave Fennoy puts on monthly coffee house film screenings. Call Dave at
626-794-3648 for more details. There's also, of course, the Los Angeles
International Film Festival (LAIFF) in April, which programs short films
before its features. Also, Kimberly Browning of Hollywood Shorts stages
monthly shorts screenings, with lots of industry representation
present. You can e-mail Kimberly at email@example.com.
The best outlet for short films continues to be television and cable
worldwide. There always existed a strong commercial demand for shorts
in Europe. Only recently, the demand for shorts dramatically increased
in the U.S., Latin America, South East Asia and the Middle East, mainly
due to the proliferation of specialized cable channels. According to
Carol Crowe, President of Apollo Cinema, a prominent shorts distributor,
"The majority of territories purchase shorts by the minute. A 30 minute
short has the potential to make US$30,000 plus, however, a one minute
short may make its way into a movie theater and make the same or more."
Contact Carol at 323-939-1122, or E-mail email@example.com
HBO, Cinemax, Playboy and Comedy Central have always programmed shorts
commercially. Lifetime and TNT both recently featured "A day of shorts"
programming. FXM, the Fox shorts division, now actually pays talented
directors to produce shorts for them. If you're a short filmmaker, FXM
can really help get your career jump-started, even paying for your film
to go to festivals. For more information about this unique program,
contact Kim Adelman at FXM: 310-444-8655. And if you're in New York
City, you should know about Forefront Films, a well-known shorts
distributor. Send your shorts for consideration to: Megan O'Neill,
Forefront Films, 401 Broadway, Suite 1012, New York, NY 10013. E-mail:
email@example.com Also consider another smaller shorts
distributor, Coe Films. (212) 831-5355. There's also CineBlast!, a
video compilation of short films released intermittently by Gill
Holland: voice mail (212) 533-0868.
Sometimes overlooked, the Public Broadcasting System occasionally
purchases shorts. PBS affiliate WNTV (Washington, DC) recently
purchased an hour's worth of short films by Frank Chindamo, a shorts
director with over fifty produced projects. Larry Russo of The Shooting
Gallery packages shorts programming for PBS also. Take a peak at Larry's
website: www.shortcuts.org>. Here's another opportunity.
Short films are currently being solicited for a new late-night TV show
entitled "Live from the Starlight Room." The Starlight Room is located
at the top of the Sir Francis Drake hotel in San Francisco. For
additional information, contact Jodi Hillman at 415-834-1311. Or just
send your short film on VHS to: Ms. Marcia Kimpton c/o Jodi, 1831 Grant
Street. Apt. 301 San Francisco, CA. 94133.
Bravo and The Independent Film Channel continue to be extremely
short-friendly in their programming schedule. Contact George Lentz,
Bravo's director of film acquisition at 516-396-4595,
>. Also, Mike Horowitz buys shorts for the
Sundance channel. You can contact him at 310-234-5311,
www.sundancechannel.com>. Do you have a high quality
documentary, work-in-progress or a student film? Call Mitch Block from
Direct Cinema, a shorts film and doc distribution company at
310-636-8200. Animation's your bag? Try Locomotion, the only all
animation channel for Latin America. Contact Daniel Rodriguez, director
of programming for Locomotion at: 305-531-6689.
Would you like to get your film screened on "Air your Shorts?" Produced
by Sean Goodwin out of public access station KYOU in Orange county. "Air
your Shorts" is a great venue for student and independent filmmakers to
get exposure. Send a VHS copy to: ShortFilmz, P.O. box 692 Corona Del
Mar, CA. 92625. And in Palm Springs, a new channel called The Showcase
Channel, hosted by Jacqueline Bisset, will feature shorts. Contact
Maggie Abbott for more details, 760-320-5243.
Surf and you shall find. The Internet abounds with opportunities for
shorts. Check out www.bigfilmshorts.com>, a distributor of
shorts and a comprehensive resource guide. They have "world-wide
tentacles for commercial distribution," says President David Russell.
Russell advises short filmmakers to resolve all clearance issues, like
music rights, SAG releases, etc., before approaching distributors. Also
look at www.shortenz.com>. Shortenz features a useful
classified section, and tips for marketing your film.
Resfest showcases vital independent digital films. According to
Resfest, "The once daunting barriers to traditional filmmaking –
cumbersome process and great expense- have given way to new methods and
new technologies. Empowered by new, mobile and inexpensive digital
tools, this new wave in cinema puts the means of filmmaking and
storytelling back into the hands of individual artists." RES can be
contacted through their website www.resfest.com> or by phone,
415-437-2686. DVD companies are also screaming for content. Short Cinema
Journal presents shorts from around the world in a bi-monthly DVD
journal. You can subscribe to the short cinema journal, or purchase
copies in outlets like The Virgin Megastore and Tower Records. To
submit a short film, call 888-DVD-MAGS, or check out
Sometimes, if your work creates a "buzz" you can get a distribution deal
relatively easy. Take the case of Trey Parker and Matt Stone, creators
of Comedy Central's "South Park" A few years ago, Parker and Stone made
an animated short called, "The Spirit of Christmas." This riotously
funny battle between Jesus Christ and Santa Claus was originally
intended as just a video Christmas card. However, it was so hilarious
and widely duplicated that it became an instant cult phenomenon. Comedy
Central got a hold of it, and the rest is history.
This writer produced an event this past July at The Viper Room called
"Night of a Thousand Stevies." After many debates, the Viper Room
finally allowed me to film this surreal event, based on the popular
annual Stevie Nicks tribute at Jackie 60 in New York City. The legend
of the tape spread, and soon VH-1 actually contacted me to purchase this
experimental performance art.
Once just a calling card for aspiring filmmakers, the short is just now
coming into its own as a commercially accepted art form. More and more
opportunities are popping up for short filmmakers to actually make money
off their projects. You do not need massive celebrity names to generate
sales, rather just a good story that works. Remember that filmmaking is
as much a business as an art form. Translate your genius filmmaking
skills into marketing wizardry. Show your work at the festivals, and
explore new media forms like DVD, digital TV and Internet video
streaming. You must learn to schmooze the media, the buyers, the
distributors and ultimately the public. There are no rules. Your
success depends on your ability to persuade distributors or end-users to
pay for the rights to your work.
[John Forrester is a Los Angeles based writer/director. He is currently
working on a short film/sitcom pilot called "Harsh," about a young Irish
posse living in America.]
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Outfit Details
Top: Old Navy (recently, on sale for $4!)
Skirt: Thrifted Savers
Loafers: Colin Stuart Thrifted Salvation Army
Bracelets: Vintage (Grandma's, Thrifted, F21)
FINALLY...made it to see P.E. We took some pictures and made a video...we ate lunch together and I was on my way...boy do I miss her...I miss you guys too! I feel like I have been a little MIA. I do still wear clothes everyday..I just don't think I have been excited about them since we haven't taken pictures! If you follow my Facebook then you know what I have been up to...I am hoping to fill you guys in...I am starting my count down to the competition and will document each week as we get closer...it has seriously been an incredible journey...but the real journey begins now!
So excited about the giveaway happening, an upcoming VIP visit to Savers and Haul, and so much more! I also want to get some questions answered on recipes etc. Some of you ask in the comments but then I can't email you...so please...if you have any questions at all email me at email@example.com for now!
Enjoy and Have a wonderful weekend!
Enjoy and Have a wonderful weekend!

subset: commoncrawl


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When the baby was about a month old, we started up with the specialist appointments. We are lucky enough to live within a relatively short driving distance from Children's National Medical Center in DC. When the radiologist first discovered there was an issue, we were sent to CNMC and saw the top geneticist. Thankfully, we were able to get in to see him again so soon after her birth. What amazes me the most about Children's is how accommodating they are. The drive is maybe an hour to an hour and a half from our house, yet they always try and cram as much in as they can so you do not feel like you wasted the day!
In February, we went for the day - we saw the geneticist, the orthopedic doctor, and had X-Rays and bloodwork done. The ortho doc indicated we should come back in about 6 months to see her, but that the baby's primary specialist will be the Hand Specialist (who, thankfully, works closer to our house!!!). We went back for a visit to the geneticist around 3 months and coincidentally happened to be there on a Friday, which is the day the neuro developmental specialist is on a rotation with the geneticist, so we got a two for one in that office (except not really because they billed us for the co-pay after the visit). What they did not bill us for was the time the geneticist took with not only the baby, but with all of the kids. He did a thorough exam of the baby, but also talked to and looked at the other kids. He asked about the munchkin's "short stature" and asked to be copied on her CNMC reports. He told us to bring the other kids to all the visits. He just genuinely cares. And that is freaking amazing!!!
Fast forward another few months and we are back - around 6 months. The geneticist wants us to get a sonogram of her sacral dimple, but says it can wait a few weeks for when we come in for the ortho appointment - unfortunately, that time we could not do it all at once. We saw the development doc again and she had presents for the older girls :) The bloodwork came back normal, there are no "puffs" around her chormosomes suggesting Roberts Syndrome (this was a bit of a stretch as they only "symptom" she has is the phocomelia). In 5 or 10 years genetic testing will become more advanced and we will have more bloodwork and tests. But, for now, things are what they are and we do not have a label or a roadmap. We will just let the baby develop, work with the OTs and see what services she requires. In the meantime, there is no need for these frequent visits, so we are done with genetics until her first birthday!
A few weeks later we were back for the ortho appointment and to get updated x-rays. This one was tough - getting up early with all the kids in tow, driving downtown in rushour traffic, which of course included multiple accidents. The ortho doc came in, looked over the baby for all of 60 seconds, said "I still stand by what I said before, the hand specialist will be her primary specialist. No need for me to get X-rays". I thought my head might have exploded because hello, I did not take the morning off work to do this!!! Thankfully, she quickly followed up with, "it just so happens today is the day the hand specialist works from the DC location, let me track down her assistant." From there, it was a bit of a whirlwind. I ended up taking the whole day off, but once again, it was so worth it because CNMC is so great!!!
We got x-rays, we got a sonogram of the sacral dimple, we got more bloodwork done (for a deeper chromosomal analysis), the Hand Specialist fit us in for a visit with her, and we got a prescription for OT outside of the county provided services with a list of recommendations. And, we don't have to go back until the baby is about a year old! It was more than worth the trip. And the older kids were rewarded for their awesomeness by the staff of young adults that came into each waiting room with a cart full of games, arts and crafts, and coloring stuff. The girls played Candy Land, made bracelets, and colored pictures. They walk away with stickers and see the whole experience as fun.
I cannot say enough how blessed I feel to be a part of the CNMC family. These doctors, these administrators, they care - really, truly, care about the kids, about your role as a parent, about their job. It is a wonderful thing to feel so cared for when you are dealing with the unknowns of a special needs child!
Thanks for listening!


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Monday, July 09, 2007
People Speak: Is Paris Hilton Really a Changed Woman?
So now that Paris is out of jail, is she really planning to be any different? Has she really found God like she claims? And is she going to stop her old drunken ways of making a fool of herself in public? Here's what the word on the streets is -
Posted by Tori Thompson at 3:48 PM
Labels: Paris Hilton
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Hi folks, Christopher here. Out in Seattle, we are heading towards the end of the school year, with three more weeks to go. If you're already out, don't gloat. The end of the year is all about short attention spans. For the kids -- and for the teachers, too. So this is going to be short.
When I heard that Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea were going to release a single together, I was super-duper-excited. I love Britney. For real. When it comes to music that goes well with a workout, there's no one better. She's got that little girl voice and the vocal fry that is probably indicative of some greater psychological issues, but whatever ---- by golly is she fun to listen to. "Work, Work" (or better yet, the version that incorporates a mildly offensive word) has got to be the best workout song to come out in the last 10 years.
So, when Britney and Iggy's song dropped a couple of weeks ago, I downloaded it pronto. And then I listened. Here are the lyrics:
All around the world, pretty girls
Wipe the floor with all the boys
Pour the drinks, bring the noise
We're just so pretty!
All around the world, pretty girls
Jump the line, to the front,
Do what we like, get what we want
We're just so pretty!
Britney! I'm talking to you!!!! You've got to be over 30 by now, and middle age is around the corner. I realize this is pop music, but you have got to be old enough to recognize that the focus on surface-level beauty is something that we should really start to move beyond.
(OK, so I'm being unrealistic, but you can still hope.)
So: What does this have to do with Kodály-inspired education?
Kodály emphasized folk music of the mother tongue, maintaining that folk music that has stood the test of time has often done so because there is something inherently "good" in it. If it wasn't "good," people would have stopped performing it. Now, in the United States, "folk music of the mother tongue" is a topic worth considering, but that's an issue for another time. For me, some of the repertoire that I incorporate in my classroom comes from folk music of the European-American tradition. And there are times where those same problems – the focus, in particular, on the importance of women being attractive – will crop up.
To wit: My second graders recently learned the play party Paw Paw Patch:
Play party: Two lines, one of girls and one of boys. The girls stand to the right of the boys.
Verse 1: The top girl ("Susie" - or some other name) skips down the set, past the girls' line, then up around the boys' line, back to her spot.
Verse 2: The girl skips around again, this time followed by the entire line of boys.
Verse 3: Cast off: The head girl leads all the girls down to the bottom of the set, while the head boy does the same thing with the boys. The head boy and head girl meet at the bottom of the set, join hands to create an arch, and all the rest of the players go under the arch, moving up to the top of the set. Play then begins again, with a new head couple.
Note: If the lines of boys and girls are fairly long (or if the players are inexperienced), the third verse can be repeated to give enough time to finish the movement.
I love this activity for three main reasons. (1) It's the first time in my class that the students learn the "casting off" move; (2) It's a great song for working on the rhythmic element of ticka-ticka (four sixteenth notes); and (3) Most importantly, the song just works. The rhythm of "Come on, boys, let's go find her" propels the song along, making it very fun for all children to sing. By the end of second grade, I hope that almost all of my students are able to sing while engaging in a play party like this, so I use it for an assessment as well.
But you see the problem, right? The biggest issue from a second grade standpoint is the text "pretty little Susie" – more focus on the physical appearance of girls. For years, I sung it this way, and just let the text slide.
Recently, though, I've hit it head on, making connections to the historical context. The basic outline of the conversation goes like this:
- Does this sound like an older song or a newer song?
- Do you know what kinds of jobs were available to women in the past?
- Do you think that they had more opportunity or less opportunity than men?
- How does that compare to today?
- I then tell them: Since there weren't as many jobs available to women, many people thought that what they looked like was particularly important.
- What do you think? Should it be important what women and girls look like? What about men and boys?
- What do you think we should do about the text? Since it is an older song, we could keep the same words, because that's the way life was 100 years ago. Or we could change it.
After some discussion, they vote.
Interestingly, the students do not always vote to change the words. But most of the time they do. Recent changes have been "awesome little Susie" and "smart little Susie."
Soapbox alert: It is my fervent belief that sexism and looks-ism should be called out when they occur – and that means our elementary school music classrooms, too. Help our girls and our boys recognize that girls should not be objectified for their looks. The earlier we start these conversations – in ways that they occur authentically in music education contexts – the more likely it is that we will change the world for the better.


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Coupon & course info
Course Name: Advanced Java Programming
Subtitle: Take Your Java Programming Skills To The Next Level. Become Proficient In Java Programming
Instructor: Taught by Infinite Skills, High Quality Training
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Review info & popularity
As of March 4, 2016…
Students: 4424420 students enrolled
Ratings: 45 reviews
Rank: ranked #611 in Udemy Development Courses
Brief course description
An Advanced Java Tutorial aimed towards the Developer Who Already has Learned the Fundamentals of Java Programming.
In this Advanced Java Programming training course, expert content provider Infinite Skills builds on the beginners Java course, and goes deeper into programming topics that help you to understand these more advanced Java concepts. Designed for the more experienced Java developer, you should have a good working knowledge of the Java programming language before going through this tutorial. Some of the advanced topics that you will cover in this Advanced Java Tutorialincludes; generic programming, sequential and associative data structures, classic data structures, sorting and searching, exception handling, database programming with JDBC, networking programming GUI development using Swing and an overview of Multithreading. You will also explore Java Applets, web applications (Servlets), advanced input and output classes, more advanced strings, regular expressions, Java graphics, and finally, closing off with a look at using Eclipse. By the conclusion of this training course, you will have a clear understanding of each of the topics of Advanced Java Programming, which will allow you to go more in-depth with the concepts of your choice. Working files are included to allow you to learn the concepts using the same files that the author does throughout this computer based training course.
(Read more about this course on the official course page.)
Infinite Skills bio
Infinite Skills is a Canadian based company who offer a huge and ever growing range of high quality eLearning solutions that teach using studio quality narrated videos backed-up with practical hands-on examples and comprehensive working files. All courses are created by trained educators and experts in video based education.
(Learn more about this instructor on the official course page.)
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Provides a very conceptual understanding of the Java Programming Language which will help in your job or job interviews.
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Learn the basics of new language! Create fast, safe and interactive apps with no programming experience!
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Performance at Annex Theatre's Spin the Bottle
We had audience members contribute to a painting.
Then we invited them up on stage to find words that were attached to Paul's person.
User Generated Art.
Friday, April 03, 2009
User Generated Art
Posted by benlau at 3:22 PM
Labels: nonfiction, photo
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MLM SS 56: Get on Track - Stay on Track - It Is IMPORTANT TO DO IT NOW!
July 11, 2017
In this weeks webinar Dale will talk about the world business climate, ENTREPRENEURSHIP and how and why network marketers MUST take their business to the next level, and must DO IT NOW! This is an interesting get real with the truths that create personal and business success session. Prepare for an intense mind tweak!
Websites mentioned in this session


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Watch out for the powerful documentary "Bully" by Lee Hirsch. This film was first screened in the Philippines at the recent Jesuit Basic Education Congress in Zamboanga City. It will be premiered on 06 November 2012 at 6:30 pm in Robinson's Galleria Cinema 4. A special press preview has been set on 20 October 2012 at 8 am in Xavier School. Continue reading
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Acknowledgments and info
Grateful acknowledgement and thanks to:
• Dr Ignacio Ponseti for over 50 years of dedication to improving the lives of thousands of children born with clubfoot. Our son's life is immeasurably improved by his knowledge and skill.
• Dr Ponseti's secretary Joyce Roller.
• Maria Miller who assisted Dr Ponseti in applying the casts.
Dr Ponseti died at 95 years of age on 18 October 2009.
Dr Ponseti will be missed by so many but his legacy lives on in the footsteps of Alex Moss and all the other children touched by his work.
Dr Jose Morcuende continues Dr Ponseti's work at the University of Iowa Children's Hospital and heads the Ponseti International Association.
Contact information:
Jose Morcuende, M.D.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
Telephone: (319)356-3469
Address: University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
• Ronald MacDonald House, Iowa City for the kindness and assistance of the fulltime and volunteer staff while we stayed there for the duration of Alexander's treatment
Contact information: www.rmhc.com
• The "Ponseti parents" of the Yahoo group, Nosurgery4clubfoot for their advice and support
• Family and friends for providing love and support, even when we made a treatment choice that went against all conventional medical opinion in South Africa at that time.
• And finally – Alex's dad, my husband Steve, for having an open mind and the courage to choose the best option for Alex's treatment. Steve took a month off from his busy consulting business so that he could be with us in Iowa City. I wouldn't have been able to do it without his love and support.
Karen Moss


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The plant of Kingdery covers 33,350 square meters. Factory buildings are "Black" as main color, a building row upon row of other building, owning European style, following international tideway, and having internationalization and intelligentized feature. Our company bends ourselves to furniture, commerce, and office three big fields. It integrates with the research, production and sales. We specialize in manufacturing pendant lamps, ceiling lamps, table lamps, floor lamps, wall lamps, and mirror lamp and so on, and export to Europe, America, and Asia and many developed countries and territories. It is one of the biggest scope and best environment light product manufacturing base in China.
Our company regard the construction of R&D Department, invest several million capital on employment of excellent person with ability and renew of studied equipment, have a group good trained project designer, and established a cooperation fellowship with Europe America and the high level design organization, test and improve its security, structure, appearance, function and others for each product, and research continuously excellent product of high add-value, strong life, market guide, improve company's visualization and product's technology, through four layer development and comment, it strictly controls product quality.
'Pay attention to detail, improve continuously, supply satisfactory product and service for our customers' is our quality guide line, 'green color environment protection, good quality is our developing principle. Our company strictly put in practice "5S" of management, entirely enforce ISO9001-2000 quality management system, before executed Europe Union Rohs directive On July,1st of 2006,our company fetched in IECQ QC080000 (the management process system of hazardous substances), and purchase Rohs inspecting machine, at the same time set up Rohs tested groups to control strictly original material purchase and producing process, ensure product protected environment and nonstop stability. Our HSF (hazardous substances free) aim is '100% satisfy the customers' HSF requirement.
"Human is the first productivity." We cooperate many years perennially with professionally Consultation Management Company, and taken some special training for the high governors, middle governors, workshop staff and the staff can improve their diathesis and operation skill. In order to improve the whole level of the enterprise management, company carry through management with ERP which a high efficiency、convenience and nicety program. Our Company use the EPR have became the apotheosis in the light trade.
Jindalai have been taking the best product to domestic people enjoyed, the end of 2005,Our company builded up Jindalai's sales centre on the basis of the original sales department, and use new VI system and perfect management administration mode, increase development, production, propagandism, service, continue to go a namable brand industry way. Bran-new Jindalai pitch middle and top grade light, modern、simple、fad style, it carry out license leagued management.
"Excellent quality, originality infinitely" is our spirit and "become the first-class light brand" is our goal. This divine order will encourage us to offer more high products and more good service.


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Broch Bender, WSF communications, 206-305-5516
SEATTLE – People walking and driving onto a ferry in Seattle will have their routine changed this spring and summer as construction heats up on Colman Dock. The indoor waiting area will be for ticketed passengers only and the vehicle entrance moves six blocks south in early summer.
The changes inside and outside of the terminal building allows contractor crews working for Washington State Ferries to replace sections of dock currently used to hold vehicles waiting for ferries, and begin partial demolition of the terminal building. The existing ferry terminal remains open and operational to the public throughout construction.
A few more changes for walk-on passengers
Earlier this year, crews reduced the interior of the terminal building by half and created one waiting area for both Bremerton and Bainbridge Island departures. Starting in early May through mid-2019, customers should expect the following additional changes inside the building:
There will be no changes to how pedestrians enter or exit the terminal building, and the existing Marion Street pedestrian bridge to First Avenue remains in place until mid-2019.
Changes this summer for people who drive onto the ferry
While there are no shifts to vehicle access now, starting in early summer, the entrance to the toll plaza access lanes for drivers moves six blocks south from Madison Street/Alaskan Way to S. Jackson Street/Alaskan Way. Drivers who are dropping off or picking up passengers at the loading zone in front of the terminal building will continue to use the Madison Street entrance. View a map (760 kb pdf) of the new entrance location.
Colman Dock is Washington State's largest ferry terminal and supports transportation across Puget Sound between downtown Seattle and communities in Kitsap County and the Olympic Peninsula. More than 9 million people use the terminal each year, but it is aging, and vulnerable to earthquake damage. Construction to replace the terminal began in August 2017 and will continue until 2023.
Washington State Ferries, a division of the Washington State Department of Transportation, is the largest ferry system in the U.S. and safely and efficiently carries 24 million people a year through some of the most majestic scenery in the world. For breaking news and the latest information, follow WSF on Twitter.


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Posted on 22 May 2015.
By: Simon Reynolds
Pondok Cabe Golf is an 18-hole championship golf course located adjacent to Pondok Cabe airport, Tangerang Selatan, about an hour's drive from Jakarta's SCBD. The course was developed in the early 1990s and is owned and maintained by Pertamina.
Pondok Cabe Golf was designed by Thomson & Wolveridge, who have successfully designed a challenging golf course, with plenty of character and charm for us to savour. In terms of value for money, it's fantastic.
The course uses cow grass or what locals prefer to call rumput gajah (elephant grass). Although less soft and spongy than Bermuda or paspalem turf used on Jakarta's more modern courses, don't let this put you off. This grass is natural to Indonesia and far easier to maintain, so even in the rainy season the course is always immaculate and consistent throughout. On our recent visit, the fairways were well mowed with the 'lines' effect you see on television at professional events.
Being located next to Pondok Cabe Airport – a military and service airport – there will be frequent passing noise from small planes, but there are plenty of birds, which will remind you to enjoy the walk on this well-kept course. On our visit on an early Wednesday morning, regular military paratroopers could be seen descending at regular intervals from the sky.
From the black tees, the course is a firm test at 6,264m. Hole #1 is a great opening challenge; a downhill right to left dogleg towards a green well-protected by bunkers. I took a solid 3-wood and a 6-iron – the downhill green will be an early test for your iron-play. The course has plenty of memorable holes and the variety of the par-4s makes for an interesting round. They may not play long but often require good course strategy and shot-shaping skills to score well.
Hole #6 is a classic example of one of these par-4s, from an elevated tee box and playing 340m from tee to green. A long stream, then OB runs down the right side and the greens blind from the tee. The fairway opens up to the left but allows for a longer second shot. Play safe over the fairway bunker with a solid drive, aiming for the distant 100m marker on the left side. Don't be greedy and try to cut the corner, or you'll be punished with either a wet or lost ball.
Both the front and back nine finish with classic par-5s; hole #9 a long 523m from the tips, hole #18 505m from the tips – hole #9 being my favourite of the two. From the back tees, the fairway appears narrow with a bunker positioned 250m to catch the mid- to-long drives. From there, a solid 5-wood will leave you with a sand wedge into the green with a chance of a birdie.
The fairways are tree-lined, which is always nice on the eyes, and the plantations are well-manicured. The greens are a little on the slow side but faster and more fun to putt on than other cow-grass courses like Pangkalan Jati or Halim 1 & 2.
There is a decent sized driving range facility onsite with very affordable ball prices. There are also a couple of chipping areas, bunkers and putting greens to practice your short-game skills before and after your rounds. Pondok Cabe is a good practice location for those who live in the Kemang, Cinere, Cilandak or Lebak Bulus areas. As balls are cheaper then both Pondok Indah and Cilandak driving ranges.
Clubhouse food and beverage offerings are ample, affordable and tasty. Beer is very well priced – on the cheaper side compared to other golfing establishments. Large bottles of cold Bintang beers are always in stock, even on weekends.
Male and female caddies available. Male caddies are more senior as female caddies are still relatively new to Pondok Cabe.
Down-to-earth vibes, pleasant, cosy – a course with real golfer's charm – Pondok Cabe Golf ticks all the right boxes. If you're looking for an affordable round of golf, a good walk, all amongst challenging course conditions, you've found the right place. Golf at Pondok Cabe is money well spent.
Pondok Cabe could well be the very best in value for golfing here in Jabodetabek. For those who can sneak in a midweek round of golf, Rp.230,000 for 18 holes of quality golf is unmatched, and for what you get for your money, it's fantastic.
A championship-standard layout designed by Thomson & Wolveridge, even the weekend and public holiday rates of Rp.525,000(am) and Rp.410,000(pm) are very affordable for the quality offered. Understandably, the course doesn't offer the luxury clubhouse facilities and luxurious locker rooms, but the spacious clubhouse is pleasant and decent food and cheap beer is sold for the hungry and thirsty golfers among us.
Golf Indonesia Rating
Course – 4/5
Facilities – 3.5/5
Caddies – 3.5/5
Ambience – 4/5
Value – 5/5
Total: 20/25 = 80%
Course Information
Societies welcome. Contact marketing department for arrangements.
Greens Fees (Walking)
18 Holes
Mondays: CLOSED
Tuesday – Friday: Rp.230,000 (18 holes), Rp.190,000 (9 holes)
Saturday, Sunday & Public Holidays (morning): Rp.525,000 (18 holes), Rp.410,000 (9 holes)
Saturday, Sunday & Public Holidays (after 12.00pm): Rp. 410,000 (18 holes), Rp. 330,000 (9 holes)
Golf Cart
Weekdays: Rp.180,000 (18 holes), Rp.180,000 (9 holes)
Weekend & Public Holidays: Rp.220,000 (18 holes), Rp. 150,000 (9 holes)
(All rates inclusive of Green Fee, Caddy Fee and 10% PPN Tax)
Pro-shop, Driving Range, Putting Green, Chipping & Bunker & Pitching Area, Massage, Whirlpool, Locker Room, Restaurant
Jl. Cabe Raya, Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan 15418
Telephone: (021) 7405386, (021) 7405385-7 (Hunting) Fax: (021) 7405383
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com // firstname.lastname@example.com
Website: www.pondokcabegolfclub.com
18 holes, Par 72
(In metres)
Black: 6,264 // 72.7 Course Rating // 137 Slope Rating
Blue: 5,943 // 71.6 Course Rating // 134 Slope Rating
White: 5,691 // 69.3 Course Rating // 129 Slope Rating
Red: 5,131 // 72.4 Course Rating // 132 Slope Rating
Red: 5,131 // 72.4 Course Rating // 132 Slope Rating
Pondok Cabe golf course the best golf course at Jakarta 🙂 Wood must golfing here #amin


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Chopra was born in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand to Ashok Chopra and Madhu Akhauri, both physicians by profession. Chopra spent her childhood in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; Newton, Massachusetts; and Cedar Rapids, Iowa.Her father was in the army and thus her family moved quite frequently. Her father hailed from a family of Punjabi origin, settled in Bareilly and her mother comes from a family settled in Jamshedpur. She also has a brother, Siddharth, who is seven years younger than she is.
Chopra studied at La Martiniere Girls' School in Lucknow as a young girl. She subsequently re-located to the U.S. where she studied in Newton South High School in Newton, Massachusetts and then in John F. Kennedy High School in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. She returned to India and finished her high school at Army School in Bareilly. She began college at Jai Hind College in Mumbai, but left after winning the Miss World pageant.
Miss World
Chopra's mother sent in pictures of her for the Miss India contest. When she got called to participate, she was surprised and did it mainly to take a break from studying.She came in second place at the Femina Miss India 2000 competition, winning the Femina Miss India World title. She was subsequently sent to the Miss World pageant, where she was crowned Miss World 2000.In the same year, Lara Dutta and Dia Mirza, both also from India, won the Miss Universe and Miss Asia Pacific crowns respectively, in a rare triple victory for one country. When Chopra won the Miss World crown, she became the fifth Indian woman to win the title, and the fourth Indian woman to win in a span of seven years.


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Ancestry (www.ancestry.co.uk) has added a tonne of material online concerning New South Wales in Australia:
New South Wales, Australia, Miscellaneous Records, 1787-1976
The source for the materials included is The State Records Authority of New South Wales, Kingswood, New South Wales.
The detail on what has been included is something else! For a comprehensive overview of the additions please view http://search.ancestry.co.uk/search/dbextra.aspx?dbid=8822. Let's just say it should be enough to keep some folk busy for a bit!
For details on my genealogy guide books, including A Beginner's Guide to British and Irish Genealogy, A Decade of Irish Centenaries: Researching Ireland 1912-1923, Discover Scottish Church Records (2nd edition), Discover Irish Land Records and Down and Out in Scotland: Researching Ancestral Crisis, please visit http://britishgenes.blogspot.co.uk/p/my-books.html.
The GENES Blog (GEnealogy News and EventS): Top news stories and features concerning ancestral research in Scotland, Ireland, the rest of the UK, and their diasporas, from genealogist, author and tutor Chris Paton. Feel free to quote from this blog, but please credit The GENES Blog if you do. I'm on Twitter @genesblog - to contact me please email chrismpaton @ outlook.com.
Tuesday, 29 November 2016
New South Wales records added to Ancestry
Posted by Chris Paton at 10:39
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text:
- Research article
- Open Access
Ultrastructural analysis of development of myocardium in calreticulin-deficient mice
- Mira D Lozyk1,
- Sylvia Papp†1,
- Xiaochu Zhang†1,
- Kimitoshi Nakamura2,
- Marek Michalak3 and
- Michal Opas1Email author
© Lozyk et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2006
- Received: 06 June 2006
- Accepted: 19 November 2006
- Published: 19 November 2006
Calreticulin is a Ca2+ binding chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum which influences gene expression and cell adhesion. The levels of both vinculin and N-cadherin are induced by calreticulin expression, which play important roles in cell adhesiveness. Cardiac development is strictly dependent upon the ability of cells to adhere to their substratum and to communicate with their neighbours.
We show here that the levels of N-cadherin are downregulated in calreticulin-deficient mouse embryonic hearts, which may lead to the disarray and wavy appearance of myofibrils in these mice, which we detected at all investigated stages of cardiac development. Calreticulin wild type mice exhibited straight, thick and abundant myofibrils, which were in stark contrast to the thin, less numerous, disorganized myofibrils of the calreticulin-deficient hearts. Interestingly, these major differences were only detected in the developing ventricles while the atria of both calreticulin phenotypes were similar in appearance at all developmental stages. Glycogen also accumulated in the ventricles of calreticulin-deficient mice, indicating an abnormality in cardiomyocyte metabolism.
Calreticulin is temporarily expressed during heart development where it is required for proper myofibrillogenesis. We postulate that calreticulin be considered as a novel cardiac fetal gene.
- Glycogen Storage Disease
- Intercalate Disc
- Embryonic Heart
- Glycogen Accumulation
- Atrial Myocardium
Calreticulin is a ubiquitous calcium-binding protein with wide tissue distribution found in all eukaryotic cells with the exception of yeast [1], whose remarkable conservation implies an important biological function. In the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), calreticulin functions as a calcium buffer and a lectin-like molecular chaperone [2], and it also modulates cell adhesiveness by regulating the expression of several genes encoding adhesion proteins, namely vinculin – a cytoskeletal protein and N-cadherin, a cell membrane protein [3–6]. Although calreticulin was originally discovered in striated muscle [7–9], its expression there is very low and no clear role has been attributed to calreticulin in striated muscle thus far [10]. Interestingly, ablation of calreticulin by homologous recombination is embryonic lethal due to faulty cardiac organogenesis [11]. Although viable calreticulin knockout (KO) embryos were obtained as late as 18.5 days post coitum (dpc), the majority of embryos died between 12.5 and 14.5 dpc [11, 12]. Light microscopical analysis of KO embryos revealed a marked decrease in ventricular wall thickness, deep intertrabecular recesses, and increased fenestration in the ventricular walls. No significant histological changes in the atrial wall were observed at the light microscope level [11]. These findings were unexpected as calreticulin abundance in adult cardiac tissue is very low [9]. To determine the activation of the calreticulin promoter, transgenic mice expressing a Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) reporter gene under control of the calreticulin promoter were previously generated by us, and we have shown that the activation of the calreticulin promoter occurred in a highly restricted spatiotemporal pattern during development [11]. The most intense GFP fluorescence occurred in the cardiovascular system at day 9.5 of embryonic development. The highest expression of calreticulin in embryonic hearts was observed at 13.5 dpc [11]. In older embryos, the high activity of the calreticulin promoter was maintained in the heart and arteries, but it decreased progressively by day 18.5 of embryonic development. Finally, a negligible level of fluorescence was detected in the heart of three-week old transgenic mice [11]. These findings showed that the activity of the calreticulin promoter is down regulated at late stages of development and after birth, which are in agreement with earlier observations that mature hearts express a relatively low level of calreticulin [13]. Collectively, these observations suggest that calreticulin plays an important, albeit unknown, role in cardiac development and function. The present study was undertaken to unravel the ultrastructural effects of the absence of calreticulin on cardiac tissue morphogenesis using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
The following convention has been assumed in this manuscript regarding the description of the stages of heart development: early stage of embryonic heart development refers to 12.5 to 13.5 dpc; mid-stage refers to 14.5 to 15.5 dpc; and late stage refers to 16.5 to 18.5 dpc.
Expression of cardiac calreticulin
Gross anatomy of the developing calreticulin KO mouse heart
Although the mouse heart is well developed by 12.5 dpc, under the light microscope the trabeculae carnae and papillary muscles are difficult to recognize. It is not until 16.5 dpc that the developing heart achieves its full prenatal configuration. While this applies to both calreticulin phenotypes, calreticulin KO embryonic hearts are smaller than WT and their ventricular walls are noticeably thinner (not shown). Furthermore, there is a discernible increase in the degree of trabeculation in the WT by 16.5 dpc, which is not observed in calreticulin KO hearts, and which explains the deep intertrabecular recesses previously found in KO mouse hearts [11]. Such gross anatomical differences between calreticulin KO and WT were not detected in atria at any stage of embryonic development investigated.
Myocardial ultrastructure of the calreticulin KO mouse heart during development
Myofibrillar disarray
Early embryonic myocardium is characterized by the presence of large areas of electro-lucent cytosol (Figs. 2A,B; 3A,B; 4A,B). As maturation proceeds, this clear cytosolic fraction becomes reduced as the sarcoplasm becomes packed with intracellular organelles. During the period investigated, the cytosol of the atrial cardiomyocytes of both phenotypes comprises a larger portion of the sarcoplasm than that of the ventricular cardiomyocytes. Consequently, the myofibrillar arrangement of the atrial myocardium is less compact compared to the corresponding ventricular myocardial tissue (compare Figs. 3 and 4).
Wavy appearance of myofibrils
During the early stage of embryonic development, myofibrils are only a few sarcomeres in length and are straight in appearance (Figs. 2A,B; 3A,B; 4A,B). By 13.5–14.5 dpc, when the number of sarcomeres per myofibril increases, ventricular myofibrils acquire a wavy appearance (Fig. 3C,D; Fig. 4C,D). This waviness eventually disappears in the WT: by 18.5 dpc, the WT ventricular myofibrils run in straight courses aligned parallel to each other and with their Z-lines in register (Fig. 3E). Calreticulin KO ventricular myofibrils are much wavier at 14.5 dpc than the corresponding WT ventricular myofibrils (Fig. 3D). Furthermore, calreticulin KO ventricular myofibrils do not straighten with further embryonic development but instead become visibly wavier (Fig. 3F).
Myofibrillar width
Myofibrillar count
Early in embryonic development, immature ventricular and atrial Z-lines of both calreticulin phenotypes have an irregular margin and variable width (Fig. 3A,B; Fig. 4A,B). With maturation, these Z-lines narrow in width, lengthen, and become more prominent (Figs. 3C–F; 4C–F). The Z-lines of the WT ventricles and atria as well as the Z-lines of the calreticulin KO atria are often in register by mid- to late stages of embryonic development (Figs. 3C,E; 4C–F). This is in contrast to the ventricular Z-lines of the calreticulin KO phenotype, which are not well aligned, even at late stages of development (Fig. 3F).
Myocardial glycogen
Intercalated discs
Western blot analysis of N-cadherin and vinculin expression in embryonic heart
Calreticulin-null embryos die during mid-gestation due to defective heart development. Studies using mice containing GFP controlled by the calreticulin promoter showed that indeed the calreticulin promoter is highly active at the time of cardiac organogenesis but its activity decreases and becomes undetectable postnatally [11]. In this work, Western blotting revealed that the abundance of calreticulin protein follows a similar time course to that of the promoter. The novel finding presented here is that ablation of calreticulin is paralleled by myofibrillar disarrangement in the ventricular myocardium. No such changes are observed in the atrial myocardium. In addition, the calreticulin KO phenotype is characterized by a lower number of myofibrils. The major signs of myofibrillar disarrangement are random orientation, myofibrillar waviness and thinning.
Early in embryonic development, myofibrils are confined to the cardiomyocyte periphery. However, as the number and size of these myofibrils increase during development, they progressively extend into the cell interior. Myofibrils early in development exhibit myofibrillar disarray, i.e. myofibrils are randomly oriented in a section, and are not aligned parallel to each other and the long-axis of the cardiomyocyte. Such random orientation of the myofibrils is a characteristic of immature myocardium under normal conditions [17]. With the progression of embryonic development, the WT myofibrils become more aligned with one other and the long axis of the cardiomyocyte [18]. In contrast, the developing ventricular myofibrils of the calreticulin KO heart become aligned to one another and to the long axis of the cardiomyocyte much later than the ventricular myofibrils of the WT heart. This illustrates the temporary nature of this myofibrillar disorganization.
The second feature of the ventricular KO myofibrils is their wavy appearance. The waviness of WT myofibrils is most pronounced at 13.5 dpc, after which the myofibrils straighten out. Similar waviness has been described in early rat myocardium [19]. In contrast, calreticulin KO myofibrils become wavier in appearance with ongoing development instead of straightening out. This difference is most noticeable at 18.5 dpc. To verify if the myofibrillar waviness was caused by a development delay, we compared the morphology of calreticulin KO ventricular myofibrils with WT myofibrils of earlier developmental age. Such comparison revealed that the calreticulin KO ventricular myofibrils of the late stage of embryonic development do not resemble neither early nor mid-stage WT ventricular myofibrils. Hence, the wavy characteristic of the calreticulin KO ventricular myofibrils is not a result of a developmental delay but is a result of a defect associated with calreticulin deficiency.
What could be a mechanism by which calreticulin ablation could affect myofibrillar organization? Calreticulin affects the expression of both vinculin and N-cadherin in cells grown in vitro [3–5], which underlies its role in modulating cell adhesiveness [6]. Cell adhesion is a recognized morphogen with a role in cardiac myofibrillogenesis [20–23]. The major adhesive structures of cardiomyocytes are the intercalated discs [24, 25], part of which are adherens-type junctions that contain N-cadherin [26]. N-cadherin is required for proper heart organogenesis as documented by experiments employing use of function-blocking antibodies [27–30], retroviral expression of dominant-negative mutants of N-cadherin [31, 32] or genetic manipulation [33, 34]. During gastrulation, N-cadherin is uniformly distributed throughout the heart forming mesoderm, and is also uniformly distributed in the tubular heart [35]. In the developing heart, zonula adherens are the primary sites of N-cadherin accumulation [26, 36–38]. N-cadherin can also be found in non-junctional sarcolemma [21, 27, 39] and mostly in costameres [30, 40]. The expression of N-cadherin in the developing myocardium, as assessed by Western blotting, gradually increases at pre-trabeculation stage, after which it remains relatively constant [32]. Importantly, the expression of N-cadherin is not as much necessary for myofibrillogenesis per se, as for continuous alignment of myofibrils between myocytes [41]. It is thus conceivable that the reduction of N-cadherin expression in calreticulin KO hearts that we report here may underlie the observed myofibrillar disarrangement.
Most myofibrillar proteins are present in the sarcomere when the fist contractions appear in the developing heart. Soon thereafter, the myofibrils acquire their finite orientation along the cell axis, probably by interaction with the intermediate filament protein, desmin, and with vinculin in the costameres, which are components of the cardiac cytoskeleton responsible for transmission of force generated by the contractile apparatus [21, 23, 42–46]. Thus, costameres and intercalated discs are important for proper myofibrillogenesis [17, 24, 40, 47, 48]. Comparison of the ventricular myocardium in the calreticulin KO versus WT shows very subtle differences in morphology of the intercalated discs. In WT myocardium, intercalated discs cross the cardiomyocyte in straight lines or in a stepwise fashion. Although there is no detectable morphological difference between intercalated discs in atria and ventricles of either phenotype, the intercalated discs of the calreticulin KO ventricular myocardium are more likely to run in a stepwise fashion, which is likely caused by intercalated discs of adjacent myofibrils of the cardiomyocyte not being in register. As ablation of N-cadherin causes loss of intercalated discs [34], we presume that the observed reduction in its expression may interfere with proper alignment of intercalated discs in calreticulin KO myocardium.
In developing cardiomyocytes, glycogen is abundant as it is the main energy source [49] and its amount declines with maturation. Early in embryonic development (12.5 and 13.5 dpc), glycogen is diffusely located throughout the sarcoplasm. Although glycogen in most tissues is located within lysosomes, this does not appear to be the case in the heart. Glycogen particles occur freely in the sarcoplasm: they are not surrounded by nor are attached to membranes [50, 51]. By 14.5 dpc, glycogen aggregates into globules and by 18.5 dpc, it is found mainly in large pools within the sarcoplasm, which is consistent with previous reports [25]. Calreticulin KO ventricular cardiomyocytes contain significantly more glycogen than the corresponding WT cardiomyocytes. Moreover, while glycogen content decreases in WT ventricles, its amount increases with embryonic development in calreticulin KO ventricles. Developmental regulation of glycogen content in the heart has not been well studied. Knaapen et al. [52] report an increase in glycogen content in rat heart between embryonic day 11 and 17 and speculate that this increase may be more structural than metabolic. Accumulation of glycogen in calreticulin KO and not WT hearts, and in ventricles and not atria, seems to be at odds with a structural hypothesis for glycogen accumulation in the developing mouse heart. Glycogen breakdown is mediated by a cascade of events that converts inactive glycogen phosphorylase b to active phosphorylase a [49]. Calmodulin, the intracellular calcium-binding regulatory protein, is one of the subunits of phosphorylase b kinase and thus inositol trisphosphate-dependent calcium release from the stores is required for its activation and that of phosphorylase [53]. As calreticulin is the major source of inositol trisphosphate-releasable calcium [54], its deficiency may lead to impaired function of calmodulin and accumulation of glycogen. On the other hand, glycogen accumulation in ventricles of calreticulin KO resembles a mild form of glycogen storage diseases. In the glycogen storage diseases type II (Pompe's disease), type III (Cori's disease), and type IV (Andersen's disease), cardiac involvement may occur in humans [55] and mice [56]. In Pompe's disease, the cardiac muscle cells appear vacuolized by massive glycogen deposits displacing the myofibrils to the periphery of the cells [50, 57, 58]. N-linked glycosylation occurs during the post-translational modification of lysosomal α-glucosidase and it has been reported that mutations of lysosomal 1,4-α-glucosidase affecting its folding result in Pompe's disease [59–62]. Besides regulating intracellular calcium homeostasis, another major function of calreticulin is in "quality control" of folding of glycosylated proteins [2]. Since calreticulin functions as a lectin-like molecular chaperone, perhaps it may also be involved in the folding of the lysosomal 1,4-α-glucosidase. Thus, calreticulin deficiency might lead to improper function of the α-glycosidase and cause glycogen accumulation.
Many of the features associated with ablation of calreticulin follow a different course in the atria versus the ventricles. Atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes arise from distinct cardiac myocyte lineages, and express distinct subsets of contractile proteins genes [63–65]. Thus, the absence of calreticulin may have both distinct and common effects on these cardiac phenotypes. At present, it is not clear if the defects in the calreticulin-deficient myofibrils are associated with a direct effect of calreticulin on the structure of the cardiac myofibril itself, or if calreticulin is affecting adhesive proteins, thus causing a structural change in the myofibrils. Indeed, the calreticulin KO phenotype bears similarity to other mutations ablating cell adhesion proteins [66–70], but especially to the phenotypes caused by downregulation of N-cadherin [27, 29, 33, 41, 71]. We suggest here that the morphological changes associated with the absence of calreticulin in the heart may be due to a defect in the development of the contractile apparatus and/or a defect in the development of cardiomyocyte cell adhesiveness.
Calreticulin is temporarily expressed during heart development where it is required for proper myofibrillogenesis. It also appears to affect metabolism of the developing muscle via either its effects on cellular Ca2+ homeostasis or its chaperone function. We thus postulate that calreticulin be considered as a novel cardiac fetal gene.
Calreticulin knockout mice were generated by homologous recombination as described previously by Mesaeli et al. [11]. All procedures were carried out according to the animal procedures approved by the University of Toronto.
Pregnant female mice at various stages of gestation were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, their uteri removed and embryos collected. Embryos were sacrificed by decapitation and the embryonic heads were used for genotyping. The embryos were then transferred into separate 3.5 cm tissue culture dishes holding fixative solution at room temperature (RT). All subsequent dissections were performed in this fixative solution. For dissection of the atria, very thin glass threads made from glass rods pulled over a Bunsen burner were used to separate the atria from the rest of the heart. The left and right ventricles were separated from each other by cutting through the ventricular septum with a razor blade.
Sample preparation for TEM
All TEM procedures were at RT. Primary fixation was carried out for 4 hours in a freshly prepared solution of 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 2% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 1 mM of Ca++ and 1 mM of Mg++. The samples were then washed for 1 hour in a solution of 7.5% sucrose in cacodylate buffer, followed by a second wash for 1 hour in a solution of 15% sucrose in the same buffer. Secondary fixation with 1% osmium tetroxide in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer was carried out for 1 hour. Samples were dehydrated in increasing concentrations of ethanol (30, 50, 70, 80, 90 and 100% each twice for 10 min.), followed by propylene oxide for thirty minutes. Next, samples were infiltrated with a 1:1 mixture of propylene oxide and embedding medium for 1.5 hours, followed by 100% embedding medium. Embedding in Taab 812 – Araldite 502 resin followed the formula for a block of medium hardness: Taab 812 – 12.5 g; Araldite – 7.5 g; DDSA (dodecenyl succinic anhydride) – 27 g; DMP (2, 4, 6, – tri-(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol) – 0.7 g. Overnight polymerization was carried out at 60°C. Standard thick sections of 0.6 to 0.7 μm, and thin sections of approximately 90 nm were cut with a Drukker International 2 mm diamond knife on a Reichert-Jung ultramicrotome. For optimum longitudinal orientation of the myofibrils, ventricles were cut sagittally and atria were cut transversely. Copper grids with mesh size 300, diameter 3.05 mm, were used to collect the sections. Thin sections were stained with 5% uranyl acetate in water for 15 minutes followed by lead citrate for 15 minutes. After staining, the grids were washed in double distilled water.
TEM data collection
Heart samples were examined with a Hitachi-7000 TEM and recorded on Kodak Electron Microscope Film negatives. The areas of interest were first photographed at low magnification of 3,500× – 5,000×, then the inner myocardium was delineated, and the mesh 300 grid squares were numbered. Areas for data collection by imaging were selected randomly. A Table of Random Numbers was used to choose the area to be photographed. Data were collected from digital images of 10,000× negatives, which were scanned at the resolution of 900 pixels per inch. To determine the degree of myofibrillar wave-like appearance, sarcomeric internal angles were measured to produce an average sarcomeric angle. An individual internal sarcomeric angle was defined as an angle that a straight line connecting centres of adjacent Z-lines of a sarcomere makes with a straight line connecting the centres of the initial and final Z-line of a given myofibril (resultant) as shown in Fig. 4. All individual internal sarcomeric angles of a myofibril were then averaged to produce an average sarcomeric angle for that myofibril. Measurable glycogen area was defined as an area of at least 0.1 μm2 in size. Measurements of glycogen pools were done using Adobe Photoshop. Total measurable glycogen comprises the sum of all measurable areas occupied by glycogen particles in μm2 per a standard area of 100 μm2. Data were reported as total measurable glycogen area per phenotype in μm2. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test for normality of the distribution of data between the two phenotypes. If the populations were normally distributed, as in myofibrillar count, myofibrillar thickness, and ventricular glycogen accumulation, parametric two-sample t-tests were performed to test for the difference between phenotypic groups. If the populations were not normally distributed, then the non-parametric Wilcoxon rank sum test was used.
SDS-PAGE and western blotting
Atria and ventricles from 15.5 dpc, postnatal days (P) P1, P17 and 6-month-old mice were homogenized in ice-cold lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, 120 mM NaCl, 0.5% NP-40, pH 8.0) with protease inhibitor cocktail (Sigma), and then spun at 14,000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4°C. Samples were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane according to a standard protocol [5, 14]. All electrophoresis reagents were from Bio-Rad. The nitrocellulose membranes (0.2 μm pore size) were from Micron Separations Inc. Well-characterized goat and rabbit anti-calreticulin antibodies [7, 8, 15, 16] were used in this study. The primary antibodies were used at the following dilutions in TBST: anti-calreticulin 1:300, anti-vinculin 1:500 (Sigma), anti-N-cadherin 1:1000 (BD Transduction Laboratories), and anti-GAPDH 1:3000 (Lab Frontier). All horseradish peroxidase conjugated secondary antibodies were used at a dilution of 1:10000 (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories). Chemiluminescence ECL Plus Western blotting detection reagents were from Amersham.
We are grateful to Battista Calvieri and Steve Doyle (Microscopic Imaging Laboratory, University of Toronto) for support in TEM support; Stefan Lozyk for the unique design of a micro-dissection spoon, which greatly improved the speed of embryonic heart manipulations; Anna M. Romeo, Domenic Romeo, and Timothy S. Wozniak for statistical and computer software support. M.M. is a CIHR Senior Investigator and a Medical Scientist of the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research. M.O. is a member of Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence. S.P. was a recipient of a CIHR Canada Graduate Scholarship. This work was supported by grants from the CIHR (to M.M. and M.O.) and from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario (to M.O.).
Authors' Affiliations
- Michalak M, Corbett EF, Mesaeli N, Nakamura K, Opas M: Calreticulin: one protein, one gene and many functions. Biochem J. 1999, 344: 281-292. 10.1042/0264-6021:3440281.PubMed CentralView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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If your mind is strong it can carry your weak body through the gates of hell and back. If your body is strong your weak mind will never let it reach its potential. A strong mind and body is the stuff of legends. Train hard, but reflect back on it and work on the weaknesses.
When it is time to perform it is too late for shoulda, woulda, coulda. You will not rise to the occasion you will default to your level of training. I once read this somewhere and I dont know the source "In combat one man is much the same as another, he who is best is he who is trained in the severest of schools." The severest of schools are always more mental than physical. To summarize: train the brain to fight and win, train the body to keep up. Yet another simple truth from survivology101.


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The filesystem is the methods and data structures used by the operating system used to store information about files and their contents on the partition. It is a way of organizing files on disk. The word is also used in the sense of disk partitions. This can be a bit confusing.
The difference between the disk and partition, or the file system is important. Several programs (programs include creating file systems) are working on the basis of sectors; if the operation of a system file is destroyed or seriously damaged. Most programs work based on the file system, they will not work on a partition that does not contain it (or a partition that contains bad system files).
Before using the partition or drive as a file system should be to prepare it, to create the right structure. This process is called creating a file system.
Most file systems used by Unix is generally similar (or are functionally similar). However, the details may vary significantly. Common ideas are superblock, inode, data block, directory block, and indirect block. Superblock contains information about the system as a whole, eg. Size (the exact content depends on the filesystem). I-node contains all information about a file, except its name. The name is stored in the directory together with the number of i-node. The directory entry includes the name, number and i-node files. I-node contains the numbers of several data blocks, which are used to store the file. Automatically allocating space allows you to store only a few numbers, but if necessary it will be dynamically Allocating additional space. Allocating blocks dynamically called direct. The name indicates that in order to find the number of the data block must be found first intermediate block. Typically, UNIX file system allows you to create holes in the files. They are created using lseek. That is, the system goes to zero on occurrence of a given location. However, it does not address the disk. This happens often for small binaries, Linux shared libraries, some databases, and on other occasions. Holes are stored by recording a special value in the address field of an indirect block or inode. This special address means that the file is a hole.
Linux supports an enormous amount of file systems. I will try to bring the most important of them.
- minix – the oldest, considered the most reliable, but it has significant limitations (missing time stamps, file names can be maxymalnie 30 characters, the file system can have up to 64 MB).
- ext4 – was developed as a series of backward-compatible extensions to ext3, provides support for volumes up to 1 exbibyte (EIB). The size of a single file must not exceed 16 Tb.
- reiserfs – was one of the first journaling file systems, journaling provides atomicity file system operations, unlike the ext2, for which the response time of the file system is unpredictable.
- msdos – compatible with MS-DOS (OS / 2 and Windows NT) FAT file system.
- nfs – network file system allows sharing file systems over a network, you can create diskless.
- hpfs – filesystem from OS/2.
The choice is often dictated by the file system is a matter of compatibility. If you can use these systems, but if the compatibility is not required to choose the best ext2, since it has all the necessary capabilities and this is efficient.


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Abusive Restaurant Incident
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Abusive Restaurant Incident
During last afternoon's Sox game in the 8th inning with 1 out and 2 men on base and the Sox down 10-5, the manager at Napoli's Pizza in Woodstock IL abruptly changed he TV to the Speed Channel where there was a race that was not going to start for over half an hour. When I asked why he did this, he claimed that the game was "over" and that if I didn't like it, I could leave. So, what I did was have the remaining food put in a doggie box and got home in time to see the last bit of a game that had been declared "over."
The bad thing is that I missed seeing the Sox score 4 runs in a comeback attempt that fell just short.
Have anyone else here ever had something like this happen to them?
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Cica has a new sim, "Burning" that opened today, that's pretty cool, or I mean, hot. I always love her stuff, and this is no exception. The sim info. simply states, "Time is the fire in which we burn.
Dr. Soron"
Some helpful hints, turn up sounds to hear the hot fire crackling and bell, click around as there are fun pose spots, visit the store and tip Cica on that landing area, and meander through this scorched ruins of a small Cica style town surrounded by the desolate dry full sim. Search for small details such as the cat and antennae'd crow. Have fun exploring!


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Buy Diclofenac Without Prescription, To add insult to injury, the Google Voice developers whose apps were unceremoniously yanked from the App Store this week are now getting "flooded with refund requests from customers." Because Apple retains its 30% commission, even when the buyer receives a complete refund, this will increase the financial hardship to developers like Sean Kovacs.
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The use of the expression 'Refounding Labour' for the consultation now underway among Labour Party members has been puzzling me ever since I first read it. There are lots of loaded questions about ways the party should operate. But how is it all going to be paid for? Not a word on that issue. I find that condescending in the extreme. Is it that to talk about money demeans our politics? Or has our politics been demeaned by the way in which the Labour Party has been financed for the last 15 to 20 years?
There has been a sustained effort by party officials supported in their blind ignorance by the vast majority of the National Executive Committee for widely differing reasons to seek to commandeer / consolidate the assets held by the party's grassroots organisations - the bedrock of any refounding?
Another thing which I learned a decade ago following the introduction of higher allowances for local councillors was that where Labour was able to win council seats, a levy on local councillors became the source of significant monies to run some local constituency parties. Lurking there is still a major governance issue - should those funds be controlled by local members? Or should they remain the 'property' of sitting councillors to help them retain incumbency, ie their seats, allowances and means of continuing the levy to help fund their next election campaign? There is a similar problem with some MPs.
Nationally, the Party fought the 2005 election with unsecured loans which remain like an incubus on the Party's balance sheet. It managed the 2010 election on a low budget funded by large and small donations. Now out of government how successful is the outgoing General Secretary (now m'Lord) Ray Collins strategy of meeting capital and interest repayments out of commercial income alone? Are our small donations and membership subs being tapped to keep the unsecured creditors at bay? How much are the Labour Party hierarchy hanging on for the Committee on Standards in Public Life to throw them a financial lifeline with a promise of more public funding for political parties?
What is clear from the 126 questions posed in the document with a Foreward by Ed Miliband and an Introduction by Peter Hain, is that the Labour Party is silent about what it is in law - an unincorporated federated voluntary organisation, in which every member has unlimited liabilities. Scary, no. Of concern, yes. If for no other reason than there is no other body capable of acting as the the leader of the progressive majority in the UK.
So when the polls close on Friday, among the questions that need to be addressed is: Can the Labour Party afford to be honest about its finances? Can it afford an ethical donations policy? Can it afford to let its members have a say? Should it be rebuilding its finances from branches upwards? If so, where is that going to leave the people who have been actively working for opposite ends and left the Party with less than half its membership in 1997, despite the flush of interest post the 2010 General Election?
Time to grasp some nettles. Oh, and just in case you were thinking a new general secretary will be the answer. Forget it, these nettles have very deep roots.


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Liver warning-This product contains acetaminophen. Severe liver damage may occur if you take :
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For more info from the FDA see: www.fda.gov
This is where product warnings will go...