text:
Violence against women in the Philippines
Violence Against Women is "the word or concept (that) has been used in a broad, inclusive manner to encompass verbal abuse, intimidation, physical harassment, homicide, sexual assault, and rape (of women in particular)."[1] This form of violence is gender-biased. Violence occurs precisely because of their gender, specifically because the victims are women.
According to the United Nation's Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, "violence against women is a manifestation of historically unequal power relations between men and women." It is likewise "one of the crucial social mechanisms by which women are forced into a subordinate position compared with men." This act of violence can be argued to be a kind of hate crime since the crime committed is primarily based upon the victim's membership in a certain demographic group.[2]
History of violence against Filipino women
Pre-colonial Period
The Philippines' early history goes as far back as 30,000 years ago when the Negritos (the primary people of the Philippine archipelago) were believed to have journeyed to the Philippines by land bridges from Mainland Asia.[3]
The pre-colonial society offered women the greatest opportunities in relation to their social positions. Filipino women were allowed to hold high positions in their communities (as healers and priestesses). It was also common for women to take leadership roles in the barangays (See Barangay) and to fight as warriors. During the pre-colonial period, one of the first things that a man learned was that he had to respect women. At this particular point in history, disrespecting women was unthinkable. If a man was caught disrespecting women, he was labelled negatively by the rest of society.[4]
While the heads of the barangays (in terms of both the economic and political matters) were often men, women at that time already had rights. Some rights of women during the pre-colonial period are as follows:[5]
- to be treated as an equal by her husband and to share his honors
- to retain her maiden name
- to freely dispose of the property she had brought into the marriage
- to be consulted or informed by her husband about his business affairs and contracts
- to divorce her husband in case of non-support or maltreatment
- to assume the headship in the barangay
- to have a baby or not, whether she is married or not
- to name her children
All of the rights mentioned above were freely exercised by women in the Philippines even before the country was colonized by the Spaniards, Americans, and the Japanese. Furthermore, "women had an unquestioned preferred role in religious ceremonies as babaylanes or catalones (priestesses)."[5] It can be said that early men and women were equal in the pre-colonial society. The Filipino woman then was rarely abused and discriminated against - she was in fact a woman of strength and power.[5]
Colonial Period
Spanish occupation (1565-1898)
Under the service of the King of Spain, Ferdinand Magellan led an expedition to further explore territories that were not yet discovered by Europe. On March 16, 1521, Ferdinand Magellan reached the land—Sugubu, now known as Cebu (See History of the Philippines (1521–1898)). Spain ruled the Philippines for over 333 years where the Spaniards treated both men and women poorly. The Spaniards saw the Filipinos as 'indios', seeing themselves as of higher social standing than the natives. In the process of colonization, the Spaniards harmed and committed several acts of violence against Filipino women. With the emergence of the Spanish–American War in 1898, the conditions of men - more specifically, the women - worsened.
Several narratives and works mention how Filipino women experienced all kinds of exploitation during the Spanish occupation. In general, women were unable to execute their rights and were restricted by certain norms and expectations in society. Filipino women were not allowed to share their ideas nor participate in the decision-making process. They tilled the land with their husbands as peasants for pittance. Women stayed as inferior to men and were discriminated against not only by men, but by the very institutions they belonged to in society (i.e. family, Church, community, etc.).[6] While Filipino men were also considered as peasants or low-lives, Filipino women under the Spanish occupation were far inferior to peasants—they were arguably seen as slaves.
Aside from the discrimination, some Filipinas were violated by parish priests as many young women were often raped or sexually abused in beaterios.
Furthermore, during Spain's 333 year rule in the Philippines, the colonists had to fight off the Chinese pirates, Dutch forces, Portuguese forces, and indigenous revolts. Moros from Western Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago also raided the coastal Christian areas of Luzon and the Visayas. Because of these conflicts in the archipelago, Filipinos were occasionally captured as prisoners and as a result, many of the women were sold to the opposing forces as slaves.
With the Spaniards taking control of all aspects of Philippine society, the identity of the Filipino woman as a woman of strength and power was soon forgotten. The Spaniards created a new image of the ideal Filipino woman. The ideal Filipino woman was someone who was overly religious, submissive, and obedient.[4] While men were given the opportunity to study, women were forced into learning religion and home-making. A Filipina was to become one of two things: a nun or a wife. The real Filipina was replaced by the ideal woman (the "Maria Clara") dictated by the Spaniards.[4] Women were no longer allowed to hold high ranking positions in society and as mentioned earlier, were banned from participating in public and political events.[4] During the Spanish occupation, women were seen as inferior to men and as such, men rose as the dominant gender, establishing a patriarchal society that has prevailed to this very day.[4]
American rule (1898-1946)
In the year 1898, the United States seized control over the Philippines shortly after defeating the remaining Spanish forces in the country. With the signing of the Treaty of Paris, the Philippines was turned over by the Spaniards to the Americans for $20 million. Still coming to terms with their new-found freedom, the Filipinos went against the American forces as the Americans tried to establish control over the country (See Philippine–American War).
At the time of the Filipino-American war, as with all wars, there was a massive amount of bloodshed. Records estimate that about 1.5 million people died out of a total of 6 million people in the Philippines. Majority of this 1.5 million deaths were said to be of Filipino women. In an account by an American soldier, he mentioned that at one point, the Americans were forced to burn barrios as there was too much insurgent activity. They resulted to torturing men and women alike in hopes that they could provide the information they needed.
During the war, the Americans did not spare women and as such, many Filipino women were raped (for information), physically hurt, and killed. Since the husbands of the women were away for war, the women were often left at home and became vulnerable targets to various abuses by the American soldiers. In one of the accounts of General Jacob Smith about the war, he stated that he ordered a Major Waller to kill and burn everyone and everything at Balangiga in the Samar province and not to take in any prisoners. He even specified that all those who were capable of wielding a gun must die and everyone age 10 and up must be killed.
Overall, it can be seen that during the American rule in the Philippines, Filipino women were widely abused. Stories of American soldiers raping Filipino women have been reported and heard of countless times. While Americans did not take a lot of prisoners during the war, the Americans resorted to killing almost everyone—all the women at sight.
Besides the bloodshed, women in the Philippines were still discriminated against. An instance of such discrimination was evident in public schools as the teachers did not care nor support the idea of gender equality.[7] Even though women were allowed to vote, the society still preferred male candidates and did not allow women to run for public office.[7] Filipino parents were also led to believe that sending their daughters to secondary and tertiary levels of education was a waste.[7] This was because the Filipino woman during the American occupation was largely dependent on her husband. Her status in life was solely reflected by the image of the man that she would wed.[7] While women were given the right to education, women were still seen as inferior to men. The Filipino woman was forced to fit into the roles of a daughter and a wife. Even if education flourished in the country (as the literacy rate increased), gender parity was not successful. The women in the Philippines at that time were still arguably "not free" as they remained bound in and limited by the expectations of society.[7]
Japanese occupation (1942-1945)
The Pacific War began mainly because Japan - an emerging power in Asia - sought "to create a great Empire." On December 8, 1941, Japan "opened a surprise attack on the Philippines - attacking without warning - just ten hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor." Unshaken by the presence of the Americans in the Philippines, the Japanese forces landed at the Lingayen Gulf and continued on to conquer the rest of Manila. With Manila falling to the hands of the Japanese forces, the troops from the Land of the Rising Sun invaded the whole of the Philippines, occupying it from 1942-1945 (See Attack on Pearl Harbor).
During the Japanese occupation, Filipino women were greatly abused and violated. At this particular time in history, Filipino women were threatened and forced to labor as "comfort women." Upon their arrival in the country, the Japanese built "houses of relaxation" or comfort stations where Korean, Filipino, and Chinese women were brought and forced into service.[8] From 1941-1942 - when the Japanese soldiers were just starting to invade the Philippines - thousands of Filipino women were taken from their homes and forced to provide the Imperial Japanese Army all kinds of sexual services. Because most of the men were at war, the women were left practically defenseless in their own homes and without a choice but to submit their bodies to the Japanese.[9] In some cases, even "their fathers or husbands were killed in front of them (the women) and their other family members."
Countless accounts and testimonies of women tell the horrific stories of how Filipino women were grabbed off the streets and "taken to Japanese military camps or garrisons, which were former wither municipal/provincial building, big private houses, elementary/high school buildings, hospitals, or churches."[8] In these camps, the women were sexually abused and raped usually by a group of Japanese soldiers. Oftentimes, it was young girls that were "recruited" to become comfort women. These girls' ages would range from six to 20 years old. The period of confinement ranged from three days to more than a year. Some stories say that aside from sexual services, the Japanese did more than rape women.[10] The Filipino women were subjected to other kinds of violence and trauma, particularly from confinement, starvation, and maltreatment. In some cases, the Japanese went as far as killing women who fought back or escaped.[8][11]
Post-colonial Period
Violence against women was not as widespread or public compared to the years when the Philippines was under the rule of the Spaniards, Americans, and the Japanese.
After World War II, more and more women had become politicized.[12] In the beginning, not too many women were present in mainstream politics.[12] Eventually, many Filipino women "joined ideological groups, while others became combatants of the rebel movements."[12] Various pro-women groups flourished such as MAKABAKA (Malayang Kilusan ng Bagong Kababaihan), KABAPA (Katipunan ng Bagong Pilipinas), and GABRIELA (General Assembly Binding Women for Reforms, Integrity, Equality, Leadership, and Action).[12] Not a lot of these movements, however, survived throughout the years. Most - if not all - groups disbanded, mostly dying out during the Marcos regime (See History of the Philippines (1965–86)). The disbanded feminist group members scattered across different political parties, while others joined forces with GABRIELA.
The postcolonial era brought about "patriarchal contradictions [and] the dichotomized icons of idealized femininity and degraded whoredom, of feminine plenitude and feminine lack."[13] Women in the Philippines "were removed from the reigning paradigm of patriarchy (thrice colonized in the process of history, first by the patriarchy within and then by the colonizers from without and then again by the nation-builders)."[13] Instead of setting right the wrongs let loose by the colonizing patriarchs, "the national patriarchy continued the colonization of women by desecrating the female body and by degrading women to mere bodies."[13] The "performative display of violence on the female body (therefore) carried out by the country's power-wielders contains, besides its pornographic import, the ominous implication that it will be told and retold as a moral tale to threaten women into submission and subjugation."[13]
While it was not as rampant as in the previous years, violence against women still happened during the postcolonial period as women in the Philippines were often sexually abused, harassed, and objectified by the rest of society.
Contemporary History
Today, violence against women remains to be one of the most persistent and alarming issues that the Philippines has faced.
According to a survey conducted by the National Statistics Office (NSO) in 2008, one in every five Filipino women aged 15 to 49 has experienced violence.[14] When the NSO conducted the 2008 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), the survey introduced different types of violence that were done to women or experienced by Filipino women at least once their lives. The types of violence that were indicated were: physical violence, sexual violence, physical violence during pregnancy, and spousal violence.[14]
The results of the survey revealed that women in the Philippines experience all sorts of violence.
- 14.4 percent of married women were said to have experienced physical abuse from their spouse, while about one-third (or 37 percent) of separated or widowed women admitted to experiencing abuse.[14]
- In the issue of sexual violence, one in twenty-five women age 15-49 (who have had sex) has experienced being forced into sexual intercourse at least once.[14]
- The numbers on physical violence during pregnancy showed that four percent of women (who have ever been pregnant) have experienced physical violence from their partners during pregnancy. The incidents of abuse increased slowly with the number of children living, decreased slightly with age and education level, and degenerated steadily with wealth quintile.[14]
- Finally, in terms of spousal abuse, 23 percent of ever-married women experienced emotional and other forms of non-personal violence. One in seven ever-married women experienced abuse and violence from their husbands, while eight percent were sexually abused. Patterns in the frequency of spousal violence were found to be similar with the violence experienced by women ages 15–49 (but most likely higher among separated, widowed, and divorced; currently married women who have been married more than once, and in CARAGA region, Central Visayas, and in SOCCSKSARGEN). The survey also revealed that spousal violence declined as the husband's age, education, and wealth quintile increased.[14]
In the reports of the Philippine National Police (PNP), the statistics revealed that there has been a steady increase in VAW cases reported to them from 1997-2013.
- The year 2013 was reported to have had the most cases of VAW in history. The number of VAW cases increased to 49.9 percent from 2012 to 2013. From these reports, a total of 16,517 cases was filed under the complaint or violation of the RA 9262 (in 2013).[14]
- According to the information gathered by the PNP, the general category of the violation of RA 9262 is the most prominent type of VAW, accounting for 57 percent of the total number of VAW cases reported. Physical injury comes in at second with an accumulated 19.7 percent of the reported VAW Cases.[14]
- Region 6 (or Western Visayas) was found to have had the highest number of reported VAW cases nationwide in 2013 with a record-breaking 4,833 reported cases (which accounts for 20.3 percent of the total reported VAW cases in the Philippines). Among the highest number of VAW cases was Region 11 (Davao) with 18.5 percent and Region 7 (Central Visayas) with 14.5 percent. The region which had the least amount of reported VAW cases was the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) with just 86 cases.[14]
These reports, however, do not imply an increase or decrease in the incidences of VAW as it only shows the cases which were reported to the PNP. This means that either the incidences of VAW has been increasing or that awareness about VAW is becoming greater.
As for the survey of the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB), the board researched and looked into the numbers related to violence of women in especially difficult circumstances (or WEDC). WEDC includes women who are victims of sexual abuse, physical abuse, maltreatment, battering, illegal recruitment, involuntary prostitution, armed conflict, human trafficking, detention, and others like HIV patients/potentials, abandoned, emotionally distressed, unwed mothers, sexually exploited, voluntary committed/surrendered, and neglected victims of disaster.[15]
- The number of WEDC who have been served by the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) (1998-2007) has dwindled over the years. The most common cases of WEDC are women who are physically abused/maltreated/battered followed by the group that includes HIV patients/potentials, emotionally distressed, stranded, unwed mothers, neglected victims of disaster, and sexually abused women.[15]
- NCR used to have the most number of WEDC, but in 2007, Regions III, X, IX, VII and VIII (in that order) overtook the region on the category of the most number of WEDC.[15]
- In 2007, the most common case of WEDC of physical abuse/maltreatment/battering is most rampant in Region IX, followed by Region VII, CAR, Region III and Region II.[15]
- According to the NSCB, girls who are abused are usually outnumbered by boys two to one. Majority of these girls range from ages 10 to 18.[15]
Aside from the types of violence mentioned above, Filipino women experience violence, specifically in how women are often objectified in media. Cases of women being forced to pose in magazines or use their bodies for money (i.e. pornography) are growing more and more each day. More than magazines and videos, many women (especially, celebrities) have been targeted and exposed through sex scandals and the release of their private (often, nude) pictures on the internet. On a more daily basis, Filipino women also experience violence in being 'cat-called' on the streets as well as being touched and/or sexually harassed by co-workers, classmates, friends, and even strangers on the commute (Cat-calling happens when "people shout uncalled for and sexual comments at women on the street").[16]
Types of violence
Violence against women may take different forms at the individual, community, and the societal level. The most common forms of violence include that of rape, domestic violence, stalking, sexual harassment, human trafficking, forced prostitution, state violence, and female genital mutilation.
Due to the many variations of violence against women, it will be divided into two main categories, namely physical and psychological/emotional abuse.
Physical abuse
Physical abuse concentrates on the unwanted contact or violation of the body of the female. The following are the types of physical abuse:
- Physical abuse: Any unwanted physical contact caused by another person resulting in harm, injury, and/or discomfort (e.g., slapping, kicking, restraining, hitting, and choking).[17]
- Domestic violence is assault or abuse between spouses with the likelihood of victimization being more likely between people sharing a bond of intimacy. The World Health Organization conducted a study in 2014 that showed 38% of murders of women were committed by an intimate partner, while the 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey revealed that one-fourth of women from ages 15–49 who had ever been married experienced emotional, physical, or sexual violence from their husbands.[18]
- Honor killing is a form of domestic violence, a traditional practice involving the murder of a woman for bringing shame upon the family, often for reasons such as the refusal to enter an arranged marriage, attempt to leave a marriage, adultery, becoming a victim of rape, or for disobeying social norms.[19] Dowry violence is another variation, denoting violence out of a husband's family's dissatisfaction with dowry provided by a wife. Dowry violence has often resulted in suicides and bride burning. While the practice is more prevalent in cultures where women are regarded by religion as second class citizens, honor killing occurs worldwide. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the United Nations estimated that almost 5000 women fall victims to honor killings every year.
- Acid throwing refers to the use of acid on a person "with the intention of injuring or disfiguring." The act itself is often motivated by personal conflicts in sexual or intimate relationships, conflicts over land and property, gang violence, and religious reasons. Acid attacks involve the use of nitric, sulphuric, or hydrochloric acid and result in permanent physical scarring or blindness with subsequent emotional and psychological trauma as later effects.[20][21] Victims are female in 75-80% of occurrences worldwide. Acid attacks, however, are mainly concentrated in South Asia.[22] Bangladesh is reported to have the most number of attacks and highest rate of incidence against women with a total of 3243 cases recorded from 1999-2014.[23]
- Stalking is unwanted or obsessive attention towards an individual by another person or party. This kind of abuse paves the way for harassment and invasion of privacy, often escalating to extreme violence.
- Sexual abuse: Any forced and unwanted sexual activities (e.g., rape, forcing her to have sex with others, treating her as a sex object, refusing to allow or forcing her to use contraception, etc.).
- Rape is a form of sexual assault, involving sexual intercourse where a participant does not provide consent to the act. 5813 counts of rape were reported in the Philippines in 2009 with 6.3 counts occurring for every 100,000 people in the same year. Marital rape is a common form of rape. This type of sexual assault usually involves a married couple.
- Sexual harassment is abusive behavior of a sexual nature occurring outside of the home, often in the workplace.
- Human trafficking, according to United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, refers to the acquisition of persons by means of force, fraud, or deception, with the intent of exploitation. Oftentimes, victims of human trafficking are forced into prostitution, fueling the worldwide sex industry. Since 2009, the Philippines has been on the Tier 2 Watch List of the Trafficking in Persons Report of the US State Department for failure to report progress in convicting perpetrators of the local sex trade, where reportedly 375,000 women in between the ages of 15-20 are involved.[24][25][26] In 2009, the DSWD rescued 632 victims of human trafficking, 408 of whom were female minors and 36 of whom were women.[27] An online article by Rev. Father Shay Cullen from The Vatican in 2004 named several hotspots of the Philippines's sex industry, identifying Metro Manila and tourist destinations such as Angeles City, Olongapo City, towns in Bulacan, Batangas, Cebu City, Davao, and Cagayan de Oro City as well as several sex tourism beach resorts in Puerto Galera, Pagsanjan, Laguna, and San Fernando.[28] Women have been trafficked overseas as well with the number of women smuggled abroad ranging from 300,000-400,000 a year. The Daily Star reported that about 150,000 women were forced into prostitution in Japan in 1998, where a woman could be sold to the Japanese Yakuza for $2400.00-$18,000.00. A 1995 article by The Manila Chronicle reports that 150 Filipino women were trafficked into several northern African countries by international syndicates where they were sold to night club owners. Mail-order brides are a common fate for trafficked women with nearly 5000 entering the United States every year since 1995.[29]
Psychological/Emotional Abuse
Psychological/emotional abuse deals with the types of violations that degrade one's dignity, provoke fear, and/or inflicts trauma on another person. The different variations are as follows:[17]
- Verbal abuse: The use of negative comments that are offensive, embarrassing, or threatening (e.g., name calling, false accusations, lying, saying one thing and meaning another, etc.).
- Social Abuse: Any behavior resulting in the isolation and alienation of a woman from friends or family or any actions that suggest she is inferior due to her gender or her different socio-economic background (e.g., controlling what she does, whom she sees and talks to, treating her like a servant, making a scene in public, etc.).
Impact of violence against women
Impact on Individuals
The effects of violence against women vary widely, depending "on the nature of the particular incident, the woman's relationship with her abuser, and the context in which it took place."[30] Acts of violence of this nature "typically have (various) physical, psychological, and social consequences."[30]
In terms of its physical effects, violence against women has been linked to many serious health consequences such as physical injuries, disability, chronic health problems (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, gastrointestinal disorders, various chronic pain syndromes, hypertension, etc.), sexual and reproductive health problems (e.g., sexually transmitted diseases, spread of HIV/AIDS, high-risk pregnancies, etc.), and in extreme cases—death.[30][31]
Aside from physical effects, victims of violence also experience psychological health problems. These effects include anxiety, fear, mistrust of others, inability to concentrate, loneliness, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, suicide, psychosomatic illnesses, withdrawal, and alcohol or drug use.[30]
As a result of the violence inflicted against them, the victims are forced to deal with rejection, ostracism, and social stigma at the community level.
Acts of violence also affect the overall productivity of women. The economic impact of abuse may extend to losses in women's earning potential. Women who have experienced violence may have a reduced contribution to society precisely because "damage to their confidence result to fear of venturing into public spaces (this can often curtail women's education, which in turn can limit their income-generating opportunities)." The negative impact on the women's self-image prevents the victims from reaching their full potential and self-realization.[31] This may be partly because girls who are victims of violence are likely to be anxious or depressed, unable to perform to the best of their ability. Because of their experience of having no control over their own bodies, the world has become a threatening place where they avoid challenges of any kind.[31]
Violence against women affects the whole family
- Children exposed to intimate partner violence in the home are more likely to:[32]
- Be abused themselves
- Not receive healthcare
- Have behavioral, emotional, and schooling problems
- As adolescents, they are more likely to:[32]
- Use alcohol and drugs in harmful ways
- Smoke
- Have unsafe sex
Legislation and laws
In 1937, the women in the Philippines were first granted the right to vote through the Women's Suffrage Bill (which was approved in a special plebiscite mandated by Commonwealth Act No. 34).[33][34] Even at that time, women were repeatedly look down upon, abused, and discriminated against in society.
Before special laws addressing violence against women were passed, women could only resort to the Revised Penal Code for defense. Today, the Philippine government has passed several legislation and laws that address the problem of violence against women.[35] Among the Philippine laws that aim to protect women are: Republic Act No. 9262, Republic Act No. 9710, and Republic Act No. 8371.
Republic Act No. 9262
Republic Act No. 9262 is known as The Anti-Violence against Women and their Children Act of 2004.[36] Recognizing "the need to protect the family and its members particularly women and children from violence and threats to their personal safety and security", RA 9262 was signed by former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on March 2, 2004.[36]
Under the RA 9262, VAW refers to "any act or a series of acts committed by any person against a woman who is his wife, former wife, or against a woman with whom the person has or had a sexual or dating relationship, or with whom he has a common child, or against her child whether legitimate or illegitimate, within or without the family abode, which result in or is likely to result in physical, sexual, psychological harm or suffering, or economic abuse including threats of such acts, battery, assault, coercion, harassment, or arbitrary deprivation of liberty."[36]
Furthermore, RA 9262 gives women and their children the right to file a protection order. A protection order is "an order issued for the purpose of preventing further acts of violence against a woman or her child and granting other necessary relief."[36] The protection order "safeguards the victim from further harm, minimizing any disruption in the victim's daily life and facilitating the opportunity and ability of the victim to independently regain control over her life."[36] The types of protection orders that may be issued are: the barangay protection order (BPO), the temporary protection order (TPO), and the permanent protection order (PPO).[36]
For BPOs, the order is usually issued by the Punong Barangay or Barangay Kagawad. Barangay officials are expected to "respond immediately to a call for help or request for assistance or protection of the victim."[36] Likewise, they are expected to "arrest the suspected perpetrator without a warrant when any of the acts of violence is occurring, or when he/she has personal knowledge that any act of abuse has just been committed, and there is imminent danger to the life or limb of the victim."[36] Any barangay official or law enforcer who fails to report the incident shall be liable for a fine not exceeding P10,000 and/or whenever applicable, criminal, civil, or administrative liability.[36]
Republic Act No. 9710
Known as the Magna Carta of Women, Republic Act No. 9710 "affirms the role of women in national building and ensures the substantive equality of women and men" in society.[37] Pushing for the empowerment of women and for equal opportunities for both women and men, RA 9710 highlights the state's position, particularly of how the state "condemns discrimination against women in all its forms and pursues."[37] RA 9710 was signed on August 14, 2009 by former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.[37]
The MCW consists of provisions on: (1) the principle of human rights of women, (2) the definition of women's rights, (3) the duties related to the human rights of women, (4) the rights and empowerment of women (especially those in affected by calamities or disasters, in the marginalized sectors, or in especially difficult situations), (5) the institutional mechanisms through which rights of women are protected and upheld, and finally, (6) the implementing rules and regulations concerning the Magna Carta.[37]
Republic Act No. 8371
Republic Act No. 8371 is known as The Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997.[38] Signed on October 29, 1997, RA 8371 highlights the state's recognition and promotion of all the rights of Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous Peoples (ICCs/IPs).[38]
Under RA 8371, ICCs or IPs "refer to a group of people or homogenous societies identified by self-ascription and ascription by other, who have continuously lived as organized community on communally bounded and defined territory, and who have, under claims of ownership since time immemorial, occupied, possessed customs, tradition, and other distinctive cultural traits or who have, through resistance to political, social, and cultural inroads of colonization, non-indigenous religions and culture, became historically differentiated from the majority of Filipinos."[38]
Other Philippine laws
Among other pieces of legislation that are related to VAW and were passed by the Philippine government to protect the rights of women are:
- The Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995 (Republic Act No. 7877)[39]
- The Anti-Rape Law of 1997 (Republic Act No. 8353)[40]
- The Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003 (Republic Act No. 9208)[41]
- The Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998 (Republic Act No. 8505)[42]
- The Women in Development and Nation Building Act (Republic Act No. 7192)[43]
- The Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009 (Republic Act No. 9775)
- The Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act (Republic Act No. 7610)[44]
- The Family Courts Act of 1997 (Republic Act No. 8369)[45]
- The Revised Penal Code (Republic Act No. 3815)[46]
- The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 (Republic Act No. 10354)[47]
- The Domestic Workers Act (or Batas Kasambahay) (Republic Act No. 10361)[48]
- The Solo Parents' Welfare Act of 2000 (Republic Act No. 8972)[49]
Government, non-government, and other organizations
Philippine Commission on Women
Formerly known as the National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women (NCRFW), the Philippine Commission on Women (PCW) serves as the voice for Filipino women. The organization performs as the main body, which relay gender and feminist concerns to the Philippine government. The PCW is the main advocate of gender equality and women empowerment in the Philippines.[50]
The PCW was first established on January 7, 1975 upon the passing of Presidential Decree No. 633. The PCW acted as the main consultant of the President regarding matters concerning the welfare of women in the country.
Its main priorities during that time were as follows:
- Organizing women into a nationwide movement called "Balikatan sa Kaunlaran" (or shoulder-to-shoulder in development) (This organization is now registered as an independent women's organization.)
- Conducting policy studies and lobbying for the issuance of executive and legislative measures concerning women
- Establishing a clearinghouse and information center on women
- Monitoring the implementation of the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW).
After the Martial Law, the new administration ordered for a change in the Constitution, which led the NCRFW to revise its platform and ultimately, decide to prioritize the "mainstreaming [of] women's concerns in policy making, planning, and programming of all government agencies." The organization's main concern now is not to be merely an adviser to the President, but to voice out the concerns of Filipino women in society, spearhead the creation of laws that support the welfare of women, and make sure that all women that work not only in government agencies, but also in the whole Philippines, get the rightful and equal treatment as men do.
The establishment of the gender equality principle in the 1987 Philippine Constitution indicated that the concern for the welfare of women rose as one of the top priorities of the government. Only two years after the integration of the 1987 Philippine Constitution, the very first Philippine Development Plan for Women (PDPW) - which would go on for 3 years (1989-1992) - was established through Executive Order No. 348. This was followed by the passing of RA 7192, also known as the Women in Nation-Building Act. The Women in Nation Building Act advocates for the equal treatment of women and men in Philippine society. It likewise promotes the equal importance of women in the building of the Philippine nation.
As mentioned earlier, the NCRFW kept its name until the establishment of RA 9710 (or the Magna Carta of Women). Upon the passing of the Magna Carta, the organization modified from its original name to a new one—today, it is better known as the Philippine Commission on Women.
GABRIELA Women's Party
General Assembly Binding Women for Reforms, Integrity, Equality, Leadership, and Action or GABRIELA, for short, is a leftist Philippine organization—specifically a party list that advocates issues related to that of women and children. It is composed of over 200 organizations and institutions all concerned about the welfare of women in the Philippines.
GABRIELA was established in April 1984 after 10,000 women came together and protested against the Marcos administration. It was also at this particular point of history that the group decided to name their organization as "GABRIELA" in honor of the woman who fought alongside the Katipunan against the Spaniards in the 18th century, Gabriela Silang.
GABRIELA is focused on addressing issues that affect women such as domestic violence, sexual abuse, gender inequality, sex trafficking, and rape culture as well as issues that affect the Philippines in general namely poverty, militarism, health, and globalization.
SAVE Our Women
Stop the Abuse and Violence against Our Women (SAVE Our Women) was founded in 2007 in Baguio city. It is a local non-government organization that provides psycho-social support and referrals to female survivors of domestic and intimate-relationship violence (and their children). The organization also aims to spread awareness about the realities and prevalence of domestic and intimate-relationship violence through information dissemination of facts, statistics, procedures, and Philippines laws that protect women, prosecute abusers, and prevent further abuse. Mainly serving Baguio City and suburbs, SAVE Our Women works with various agencies and volunteers, including lawyers, guidance counselors, and other service-providers, in the city to spread its advocacy.[51]
Bathaluman Crisis Centre Foundation
The Bathaluman Crisis Centre Foundation is a non-profit organization established in 1991 to help female survivors of violence. The foundation provides a support system, including a service and referral centre, to help survivors deal with their physical trauma.[52][53]
Women's Crisis Centre
Established in 1989, the Women's Crisis Centre (WCC) provides a supportive and affirming environment in which women who have survived violence can interact with other survivors through group counselling, education programs, recreation activities, or skills training.[52]
Bantay Bata 163
Bantay Bata is a welfare organization and foundation founded by ABS-CBN in 1997.[54] The main objective of Bantay Bata is to respond to children's needs. They respond to reports about domestic violence and child abuse. Bantay Bata also helps children who have serious illnesses or are inflicted with rare diseases. Its emergency hotline is 1-6-3 and is accessible anywhere in the Philippines. Concerns of Bantay Bata include child abuse, child neglect, child trafficking, and domestic violence.[55]
Although its headquarters is located in Mother Ignacia, Quezon City, the foundation has ventured out of Metro Manila and has offices in cities and municipalities all over the Philippines. This helps the foundation to respond immediately and cater to reports more efficiently. A recent addition to their services is their online counseling for child abuse victims and child-family relationships.
Furthermore, Bantay Bata spearheads psychosocial activities that help the child victims cope with their difficult pasts and experiences. The foundation also organizes seminars all over the country, raising awareness about child abuse, domestic violence, or child trafficking.[54] Some Bantay Bata projects include medical-dental services, child counseling, the Children's Crisis Center (which serves as a temporary home for child abuse victims until their cases are resolved), and the Children's Village (which takes in children who need further attention and care).[56]
See also
- Women in the Philippines
- Role of women in the Philippines
- Women's rights in the Philippines
- Crime in the Philippines
- Rape in the Philippines
- Human trafficking in the Philippines
- Prostitution in the Philippines
- Child pornography in the Philippines
- ↑ Dobash, R. Emerson. and Russell Dobash. Rethinking Violence against Women. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1998. Print.
- ↑ Craig, Kellina M.; Waldo, Craig R. (1996-04-01). ""So, What's a Hate Crime Anyway?" Young Adults' Perceptions of Hate Crimes, Victims, and Perpetrators". Law and Human Behavior. 20 (2): 113–129. doi:10.1007/bf01499350. JSTOR 1394079.
- ↑ Tope, Lily Rose; Nonan-Mercado, Detch (2002). Philippines (Cultures of the World). New York: Benchmark Books/Marshall Cavendish.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "The Role of Women from Pre-Hispanic to Spanish era". Tonks. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
- 1 2 3 Hunt, Dee Dicen, and Cora Sta. Ana-Gatbonton. "Filipino Women and Sexual Violence: Speaking Out and Providing Services." Centre for Philippine Concerns-Australia, Brisbane Branch, 24 Nov. 2000. Web. 23 Sept. 2015.
- ↑ Rafal, Myra. "Indigenous Women in the Philippines and Its Combat to Injustice: A Channel for Women's Reinforcement Operation." 5 (2011): n. pag. IPDER. Far Eastern University. Web.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Sobritchea, Carolyn Israel. AMERICAN COLONIAL EDUCATION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE STATUS OF FILIPINO WOMEN (PDF). University of the Philippines (UP).
- 1 2 3 "Women made to be Comfort Women - Philippines". www.awf.or.jp. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ Santos, Aida. Violence against Women in Times of War and Peace. Quezon City: UP Center for Women's Studies and Ford Foundation, 2001.
- ↑ Santos, Alfonso. Heroic Virgins and Women Patriots. 1st ed. Quezon City: University of the Philippines, 1966.
- ↑ Henson, Maria. A Filipina's Story of Prostitution and Slavery under the Japanese Military. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publisher, 1999.
- 1 2 3 4 "Women in politics : limits and possibilities ; the Philippine case / Carmel V. Abao and Elizabeth U. Yang . - part 4". library.fes.de. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- 1 2 3 4 Ashok, Savitri (2009). "Gender, Language, and Identity in Dogeaters: A Postcolonial Critique". Postcolonial Text 5 (2).
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Statistics on violence against Filipino women | Philippine Commission on Women". www.pcw.gov.ph. Retrieved 2015-11-02.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Virola, Romulo (September 8, 2008). "Statistics on Violence Against Women and Children: A Morally Rejuvenating Philippine Society?". National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ↑ "Catcalling happens to most women between the ages of 11 and 17". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 2015-11-02.
- 1 2 "Types of violence against women | womenshealth.gov". www.womenshealth.gov. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
- ↑ "2013 National Demographic and Health Survey" (PDF).
- ↑ "BBC - Ethics - Honour crimes". Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ↑ "Breaking the Silence" (PDF).
- ↑ "CNN.com - Bangladesh combats an acid onslaught against women - November 11, 2000". 2007-09-22. Archived from the original on September 22, 2007. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ↑ Magazine, Tom de Castella BBC News. "How many acid attacks are there?". BBC News. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ↑ "Statistics". www.acidsurvivors.org. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ↑ "Sunday Tribune". www.webcitation.org. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ↑ "Trafficking in Persons Report 2009". www.state.gov. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ↑ "CBC News: The Lens - Selling Sex in Heaven - Facts". 2011-08-22. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ↑ "Child trafficking in RP unstoppable – DSWD". ecpatinternational.com. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- ↑ "People on the Move, N� 96 (Suppl.)". www.vatican.va. Retrieved 2015-11-09. replacement character in
|title=at position 22 (help)
- ↑ "Filipina Mail-Order Brides Vulnerable to Abuse". koreatimes. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
- 1 2 3 4 Pickup, Francine; Williams, Suzanne; Sweetman, Caroline (2000). Ending Violence Against Women: A Challenge for Development and Humanitarian Work. Oxford: Oxfam.
- 1 2 3 "Violence against women: Health consequences" (PDF). who.int. World Health Organization. July 1997. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- 1 2 "Violence Against Women: The Health Sector Responds" (PDF). who.int. World Health Organization. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ↑ "Women's History Timeline | www.bloomu.edu". www.bloomu.edu. Retrieved 2015-10-21.
- ↑ "Presidential Museum and Library • TODAY IN HISTORY: In 1937, women's suffrage in the...". tumblr.malacanang.gov.ph. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "Philippine initiatives to eliminate VAW | Philippine Commission on Women". www.pcw.gov.ph. Retrieved 2015-10-21.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "R.A. 9262". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- 1 2 3 4 "R.A. 9710". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- 1 2 3 "R.A. 8371". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-11-06.
- ↑ "R.A. 8046". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "R.A. 8353". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "R.A. 9208". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "R.A. 8505". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "PHILIPPINE LAWS, STATUTES AND CODES - CHAN ROBLES VIRTUAL LAW LIBRARY". www.chanrobles.com. Retrieved 2015-11-06.
- ↑ "R.A. 7610". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-11-06.
- ↑ "R.A. 8369". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "Act No. 3815". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-10-22.
- ↑ "Republic Act No. 10354". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-11-06.
- ↑ "Republic Act No. 10361". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-11-06.
- ↑ "R.A. 8972". www.lawphil.net. Retrieved 2015-11-06.
- ↑ "HERSTORY". Philippine Commission on Women. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
- ↑ "Squarespace - Claim This Domain". www.saveourwomenphilippines.com. Retrieved 2015-11-10.
- 1 2 "Organizations Addressing VAW: Philippines". UNIFEM. 2 November 2001. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
- ↑ "Bathaluman Crisis Center Foundation Inc., Davao City, Philippines". terre des hommes Southeast Asia. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
- 1 2 "About Us". Bantay Bata. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ↑ "Philippines Best Practices". A web resource for combatting human trafficking. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ↑ "Programs & Services". Bantay Bata. Retrieved November 5, 2015.


text:
First Diego Sanchez couldn't fight this weekend because of sickness, now it's another fighter from Season I of the Ultimate Fighter that can't go. Kenny Florian is out with a bad back. Florian had stiffness in his back on Sunday and he thought it could be better by fight time.
"I felt like my back needed to be cracked on Sunday" Florian told MMAWeekly.com. "I tried to get up and I couldn't even get up."
Florian's back never got better over the next few days. He even tried to have the doctors in Las Vegas look at his back and they would not give him the go to fight this weekend. "It looks like it's a pinched nerve and back spasms…" Florian told MMAWeekly.
"It's really frustrating because I lost 20 pounds for this fight. I feel bad for my opponent as well." It looks as though Sam Stout will not fight as we are just a few days away from UFC 58. This will be the second Canadian fighter that will be left without a fight. John Alessio who was supposed to face Diego Sanchez will not have a replacement to fight Saturday and it apperas Sam Stout is in the same boat.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
...that the science is pretty much settled that there is only natural variation in the Earth's climate, and CO2 is certainly not a major driver, I think El Reg should go onto the educaional offensive a bit more.
It needs to be explained to people that warming or cooling trends are critically dependent on the start position from which you measure them. The world was in an ice age not so long ago, so if you measure the temperature starting then you will certainly get a warming trend.
People need to be told that the 20s and 30s were quite warm, the 50s 60s and 70s quite cold, and then the 80s and 90s heated up again. It now looks as if we are in for a colder 20s and 30s again. But the Met Office will try to keep measuring from the depths of the last cold spell.....


text:
I've been playing Dragon Ball Z: Budokai Tenkaichi 3 lately. I've seen all of DBZ and DBGT (and the movies.) I still need to finish Dragon Ball.
I find it rather odd that Frieza would claim to be the strongest being in the universe when there are entities out there that can easily crush him. Broly and Bojack are just some examples, seeing as they're both powerful enough to beat a standard Super Saiyan.
I know Cooler has that 5th transformation to tell that he's stronger but I think at least in the form we saw King Cold in the show, Frieza at the time was stronger. Perhaps he'd be stronger if he were allowed to show his other transformations, but I don't think 2nd-form King Cold is as strong as full power Final Form Frieza or Mecha Frieza at the time.Trunks killed King Cold before he could even think of transforming, so we'll never know for sure.
Well Frieza never knew of Broly and Bojack were sealed away. Still, Frieza is a liar because King Cold and Cooler were stronger.


text:
Who's Online
Hmm. There are 2 lurkers here.
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Amazing place to shop. c:
I bought a pair of shoes which I always got compliments on even from random strangers. LOL. & I bought a cape type of jacket which looks great paired...
I bought a number of things here. Everything went really well. My questions were answered pretty quickly - within a 24 hour time frame, and the stuff...
Shop here!
There's a lot of cutesy and awsome stuff to choose with reasonable prices. On top of that, there's reward points to save some money! The products are...


text:
Coastal Accommodation
Includes: Swakopmund, Luderitz, Walvis Bay & the Skeleton Coast
The Carboard Box Travel Shop offers a booking service for all accommodation establishments in Namibia. Here we have listed some of our favourite establishments on the coast of Namibia. The list is by no means complete and if you would like to book an lodge that does not appear please email us.
If you can not decide which accommodation establishments suit you, we are more than happy to make recommendations. The majority of our clients use our full range of car rentals in Namibia, itinerary planning and accommodation bookings when planning their self-drive safari in Namibia. The easiest way to do this is to send us an Email with a brief outline of what you would like to see, date of travel, accommodation requirements (camping, budget accommodation, luxurious or a mixture) and any other information and we'll send you a custom made itinerary.
To view descriptions, photos, rates and more details of a particular establishment click on it's name.
A small hotel situated in the coastal town of Henties Bay
Well equipped & maintained self catering apartments on Shark Island
A unique and very popular bed & breakfast establishment on Shark Island
A prime sea-front location is complimented with sea facing rooms, a top class restaurant & a private beach
Budget accommodation & campsite on shark island
Luxury self catering holiday apartments
Wonderfully situated remote lodge - directly on the beach near the Cape Cross seal colony
An upmarket lodge on the Skeleton Coast - only visit-able as part of a fly in safari.
Accommodation in the Skeleton Coast, really catering for fisherman but hardened visitors who absolutely have to spend a few nights inside the Skeleton Coast Park may choose to stay here
A campsite in the Skeleton Coast Park, popular with fisherman during the summer holidays
Visit Swakopmund Accommodation for a full list of establishments
5km from the town center and within walking distance of the lagoon
A business hotel close to the town center
A bright & cozy lodge overlooking the lagoon and close to all of the cities amenities
A small, upmarket, owner managed guest house offering excellent views over the Walvis Bay lagoon
Well situated with views over the lagoon and close to the ever popular Raft Restaurant
Adjacent to a light house on a remote peninsula near the town of Walvis Bay. Pelican Point Lodge offers luxurious accommodation in a tranquil, remote & unspoiled environment
A friendly & relaxing eight roomed guest house


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A 25-year-old San Diego man pleaded not guilty Tuesday to biting off another man's fingertip during a fight at the Beyonce-Jay Z concert at the Rose Bowl on Saturday.
Roberto Alcaraz Garnica faces one felony count each of battery with serious bodily injury and mayhem, according to the Los Angeles County district attorney's office.
He is also charged with misdemeanor battery, and his bail was set at $50,000.
Prosecutors say Garnica pushed a woman into seats at the concert Saturday in Pasadena, prompting her husband to confront him. Garnica then allegedly pushed the woman's husband, and a fight broke out.
At some point during the fight, prosecutors said he completely bit off the tip of the man's left index finger.
If convicted of the charges, Garnica faces eight years in prison.
An estimated 55,000 fans packed the Rose Bowl for the first of two performances over the weekend.
For breaking news in Los Angeles and throughout California, follow @VeronicaRochaLA. She can be reached at email@example.com.


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I wanted to pop a little post up before time ran away with me anymore on the amazing Country Blogger Retreat NI. An idea of Emma's to support other blogger, instagrammer, want an afternoon outters from Northern Ireland…. no exclusive members club, just somewhere to join up with like minded people and discuss blogging, photography and Instagram.
It started off as a little get together around Emma's kitchen table and she asked me to come along to chat about growing a following on Instagram, this quickly turned into 140+ people, at the stunning venue of the Larchfield Estate (it couldn't have been anymore perfect) and chatting alongside fabulous ladies and handsome men (not biased at all!). Kerry and Tara from Sisters and Sons spoke about starting up a blog and being new to blogging though you would never know that they are new to it all and ever the professionals. Mel Wiggins give the most inspiring talk, one that made the hairs on my arms stand, one that was relevant not only to being creative but just life itself, if you want some inspirational blogs to read please check Mels out. Laura Ann from All that's Pretty and Rachel from the Breton Bird chatted along with myself about blogging for business on a panel and I loved how we felt so free and comfortable enough in the atmosphere to be totally honest and confident in our decisions and describe this to everyone. Finally Colin from Father of the Birds and Andrew from Little Wood Mr give us all a giggle on being the perfect insta husband…
The best thing about the whole day was meeting the faces behind the squares, the hearts behind the handles and the warmest vibe. What a place we live in, what supportive and encouraging people we have around us and the craic is like no other!
Dress here
Shoes here
What happy faces to be greeted by!
Danielle from Ddonohoe_stylist_blogger
And Colin checking everyone in.
Gorgeous couple Shauna and Sean
The gorgeous Nicola from The Bright Side Diary (skirt goals 😍😍 I had to get one and you can find it here)
The Fabulous Mel Wiggins
Pinching some pics too! Steph From My Little Duke
I have to share this story!! Alex from The Full Shilling was on day release from hospital, fully rockin' an IV drip in her arm. Alex is the funniest and fabulously talented but I have to say on this day I didn't think she was 'The Full Shilling' at all!
My hubby wondering how his life got to this stage…. football was on, he was strolling around Blogger events (and loving it!)
My 'little cousin' – Hannah McCollum
Keeping it natural and unposed 😂
Loved this!! Laura-Ann giving some tips to Yedel from Life at the White House on how to pose… 😂
I got lots of chances to get behind the camera 💗
A huge shout out and thanks to all the amazing local suppliers that gifted little goodies for the fabulous goody bag!
I have a funny feeling that this might not be the last Country Blogger Retreat! Until next time then…


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Regular Route, Fairview Dome, CA
Today, we climb another route on Fairview Dome: the Regular Route. We had climbed this classic on one of our first trips to the Eastern Sierra, several years ago now, but I (Lucie) was not leading at the time and I wanted a shot at it.
We're getting an early start, hoping to be first in line. We saw two cars at the trailhead at 6:30AM (!) the day we climbed Lucky Streaks, so we want to be at the parking lot by 6AM. This means setting the alarm at 5AM... the price to pay to be first on such a classic climb, so close to the road We get there as planned and to our relief, nobody else is there yet. We reach the base of the route less than 20 minutes later, gear up and start climbing at 6:30AM. We keep an eye on the approach trail in case another party shows up, but - so far - we have the route to ourselves.
The first pitch is long and quite sustained. I start climbing the left crack for one or two moves, then transition into the right crack. The going gets tougher a few feet below where the two cracks merge into one. I can't really tell where the crux will be and keep telling Eric over and over: "OK, I think I'm at the crux now". Of course, he gets a bit annoyed with me and tells me to "just move on with it". It's really not too bad. Just thin slabby face moves (unfortunately pretty slippery) with finger locks in the crack. I put in a lot of pro and am pretty much out of gear by the time I reach the tree. I had intially planned to go belay higher, on the ledge to the right but I am out of gear and rope. It's a full 200 ft from the rope-up point to the tree, but you can probably simul-climb the last bit if you only have a 50m rope - that's what we did the first time we climbed the route.
From there, I do a very short pitch (~40 feet) to the next ledge to the right of the crack. This pitch is a bit awkward. It is good old-school 5.8, and a bit wide for my taste. I layback the widest part but Eric jams it straight in. I am glad I did not try to do it with what I had left on my rack at the end of the first pitch...
The third pitch (5.8) is a beauty. It starts with a very sustained fingercrack. Because it is a bit slippery, it feels a bit harder than 5.7 to me and not as secure as I would have liked. The crack sucks in nuts though and I place a lot of pro there too. Turning the small roof (5.8) turns out to be easier than I thought; I use the crack on the left and I stem between the right and left cracks. No big deal. The rest of the pitch is easy. Instead of belaying on a tiny stance on the right (just after turning the small roof on the left), I continue higher and belay on a big ledge, just below the white flake. Again, it's a full 200 feet from the belay on the ledge 40ft above the tree to the comfy ledges below the white flake.
A shorter 4th pitch brings me to Crescent Ledge. There are maybe a move or two of 5.8 but it's much easier than the previous pitch because it is not as sustained. It also involves more face and stemming moves with good rests in between. We take a break on the big ledge, have a drink and a couple of GUs. Another party is now getting started with the first pitch.
The 5th pitch is another short and easy pitch up a white ramp. I follow the 5.6 corner on the right, which is quite polished in places. I belay as high as possible as I'm planning to link the next two pitches.
Next is a really fun pitch, up a handcrack and through a roof, with very good pro again. A piton protects the roof move, but it can be easily backed-up. Above the roof, I move back left into a right facing corner that I follow to a big ledge with a tree (just below the 5.7 move shown on the SuperTopo). The topo shows to belay on the ledge above but belaying on the ledge with the tree is much more comfortable. Eric follows and tells me that he also enjoyed the pitch very much.
The 5.7 move to gain the ledge (can also be bypassed on the left as indicated on the topo) is pretty commiting but fair at 5.7 and can be protected with a green alien or two. After that, it's a long and easy traverse to gain the blocky ramp further right. It's obvious, where to start climbing up again, the rock is white and worn-out When I reach this point and want to go up, Eric tells me that I should traverse further right and I listen to him I end up reaching the easy low 5th class corner about 20 feet below where I should have. No big deal except that the rock here is not that clean. Oh well, lesson learned: if you're leading, you do the routefinding; don't rely on your second to tell you which way to go ...even he's a better climber! I soon get back on route and continue up to a ledge with a big tree.
The last 4 pitches are much easier. After checking the topo and taking a break, we decide to simul-climb. We short-rope by doubling one of our two ropes. The shorter (30m) distance between us makes simul-climbing much more efficient. The second rope goes into Eric's pack and I head up again. After following an easy corner, my upward progress is blocked by a huge flake and I traverse left to gain another crack system. I then give up on trying to follow the very (overly?) detailed topo. I just pick a way more or less straight up, traversing to the left at times, but heading straight up the last 40 feet below the summit. All in all, it's pretty easy with a few low 5th class moves here and there. I finally reach the broad flat summit and belay Eric the rest of the way up.
It's 11:30AM. The climb took us 5 hours. The views are great and the weather perfect; the morning clouds that had worried me are all gone. Blue skies and a sea of granite domes. What more could you ask for?
We change into our approach shoes. After a long break and the usual summit shots, we start the very friendly descent down the south face (cl2/3 slabs), then contour around the base of the west face back to the start of the route and our second pack (If you didn't leave anything at the base, you can go straight back to the trailhead instead). The route is getting crowded. The party who started behind us is finishing the traverse pitch. A third party is beginning the second pitch. We pack up and head for the car.
We're back just in time to get a burger for lunch at the Tuolumne Grill. A great day!
Unsure about the forecast for the next days, we get back to the bus and pack our gear for OZ and the Hobbit Book. If we feel good enough, we might try that combo tomorrow instead of Saturday.
Note: we carried the exact rack recommended in Supertopo. As usual with Supertopo, this was more than enough to thoroughly protect the route.


text:
On Wed, May 17, 2000 at 05:06:01PM +0200, firstname.lastname@example.com wrote: > > I believe ISO-latin-1 also maps to the first 256 characters of Unicode. > > You're right if you only consider the value of characters but the encoding > UTF-16 or UTF-8 differs from the ISO encoding. Actually only UTF-8 differs. I belive ISO-latin-1 (ISO-8859-1) exactly maps to UTF-16 when zero extended (zero high byte). Cheers, Andrew -- mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com Andrew Pam http://www.xanadu.com.au/ Chief Scientist, Xanadu http://www.glasswings.com.au/ Technology Manager, Glass Wings http://www.sericyb.com.au/sc/ Manager, Serious Cybernetics P.O. Box 26, East Melbourne VIC 8002 Australia Phone +61 0401 258 915Received on Wednesday, 17 May 2000 11:40:59 UTC
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.3.1 : Wednesday, 7 January 2015 14:53:22 UTC


text: 25 Sep Kamakhya Products Kamakhya Bhasm What is Kamakhya Bhasm? Kamakhya Bhasm is the combination of Lord Shiva Bhasm and Goddess Kamakhya Devi Sindoor. Because Lord Shiva was the... Leave a comment | Tagged Benefits of Kamakhya Bhasm, Holy Kamakhya Devi Bhasm or Bhabhoot, How Kamakhya Bhasm obtain?, How to use Kamakhya Bhasm?, Kamakhya Bhasm, Kamakhya Bhasm Mantra, Price of Kamakhya Bhasm, Shiv Bhabhoot, Shiv Bhasm, Siddh Shiv Bhasm, What is Kamakhya Bhasm?


text:
BCS is a registered charity: No 292786
London, UK. 10 January 2007
Information Retrieval (IR) is a research area that has generated a great deal of interest recently, largely due to the growth in Internet use. Many different problems that have arisen during this time have been solved by means of the devotion and efforts of thousand of researchers around the world.
These new advances are spread following the usual scientific channels: journals, conferences, forums, workshops and books. Therefore, researchers are kept abreast of new developments in the field.
Today, all this knowledge has had a significant impact in both personal and business use where it is common the presence, explicit or implicit, of IR tools. Therefore, it is very important that both undergraduate and postgraduate students understand the basis of this discipline, not just to conduct research, but also as a way of learning how search engines work.
IR is a useful subject with which to reinforce the knowledge acquired in other subjects, such as programming, algorithms and data structures, user interface design etc. Also, postgraduate students who carry out research in this area require knowledge of the fundamental aspects of the subject, as they may be building new solutions on top of them.
Therefore as important as research is to IR, one way to improve the profile of the subject is to create a common space where IR lecturers and researchers can share their experiences and opinions in the field of IR teaching at any of the educational levels (from primary to postgraduate). The aim of the workshop is to provide this common space.
Full Synopsis - Editors - Sponsors - Papers


text:
On Sunday, three games will be blacked out locally: Redskins-Lions, Titans-Chargers, and Seahawks-Raiders.
In all, the total number of blackouts has increased by 63 percent over last year at this same time, according to NFLLabor.com.
There have been 13 blackouts through the first eight weeks of the season. Last year, 22 games were blacked out over 17 weeks.
The fact that the news comes on NFLLabor.com suggests that the league believes the phenomenon has relevance to the ongoing CBA discussions. And it does, given that the NFL will point to the increased blackouts as further evidence that the league isn't making as much money as it would like to make, justifying the notion that the slice of the pie that goes to the players needs to shrink.
That said, the growth of blackouts also tends to undermine the idea that the NFL then will make up the difference by growing the total pie.


text:
Deposit-Rate Cut May Help France; Spain a Bigger Question
By cutting its deposit-facility rate to 0% yesterday, the European Central Bank hoped to spur commercial banks to lend more to businesses and consumers–or to lend to other banks–instead of letting their cash moulder on deposit for no return.
Will that happen? Who knows. But another possible beneficiary of the deposit-rate cut could be … the French treasury. Strategists at Rabobank make that point in a note today, and it's worth examining why that is and what it says about Europe's so-far unsuccessful attempts to solve its debt and banking crises.
There's now €772.9 billion lodged in the ECB's deposit facility. This big number is mostly a consequence of the ECB's lending to banks through the two giant Long-Term Refinancing Operations, or LTROs, late last year and earlier this year. When it lends to banks, the ECB records a corresponding deposit on the other side of its balance sheet.
But data suggest these deposits aren't being lent out much, and the reduction in the deposit rate, from 0.25% to 0%, is meant to spur banks to do more.
At the margin, perhaps some banks will decide that the loss of the 0.25% interest is motivation enough to lend. But enough motivation to lend to a Spanish bank? Or to a small business that is facing a tough economy? A closer alternative to the old 0.25% deposit rate is short-dated paper of strong countries.
Unfortunately, short-dated Treasury bills of Germany and the Netherlands sport negative yields in the secondary markets. But France on Monday issued three-month bills at 0.048%. It's not 0.25%, but at least it's positive.


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liesl's rush hour blouse
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Maison Rose Bracelet Collection
Recycled rubber material with small, multicolored beads on elastic. Each strand is approximately 42" round.
Erica Wilson works to help support women in need through out the world. Women who join the workforce by selling their creations are able to help support themselves and their families. We are proud to sell their work.
Quantities may be adjusted upon check out.


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Traffic Control with Linux Command Line tool TC
What is Traffic Shaping?
Traffic Shaping (a.k.a Bandwidth Shaping or Packet Shaping) is an attempt to control network traffic by prioritizing network resources and guarantee certain bandwidth based on predefined policy rules. Traffic shaping uses concepts of traffic classification, policy rules, queue disciplines and quality of service (QoS).
Why implement Traffic Shaping?
Network bandwidth is an expensive resource that is being shared among many parties of an organization, and some applications require guaranteed bandwidth and priority. Traffic shaping lets you (1) control network services, (2) limit bandwidths and (3) guarantee Quality Of Service (QoS). Intelligently managed traffic shaping improves network latency, service availablity and bandwidth utilization.
What is Queue Discipline?
A queue discipline (qdisc) is rules that determine the order in which arrivals are serviced. Immagine standing in a restraurant to be seated, and waiting in an emergency room to be serviced by a physician. They both have people waiting in a queue that needs to be serviced, but have different strategies for clearing them.
Restaurants typically use first-in-first-out (FIFO) strategy with an exception when tables with number of seats do not exist for large number of customers. Customers are generally serviced in the order that they've arrived in the queue, or when the table with number of seats available. On the other hand, emergency queue requires different strategy. Regardless of order in which patients arrive, someone in a critical condition requires most attention and then someone with urgent condition. This is just examples of how queues are handled in the real life scenarios, but traffic shaping requires a lot more disciplines (rules) for clearing traffic queues.
Software Requirements
Linux package called 'iproute' is required. Traffic control options (including netlink support) have to enabled on the kernel build in order for certain parts of 'iproute' to function. Linux kernels version 2.4 (and above) have most traffic control options turned on as a default. To explore your configuration, try running the following commands. If you can see the command responses below, you have a basic configuration setup.
# ip link list 1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:06:5b:8d:13:a0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff # ip address show 1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 brd 127.255.255.255 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:06:5b:8d:13:a0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 22.214.171.124/24 brd 220.127.116.11 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::206:5bff:fe8d:13a0/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever # ip route show 184.108.40.206/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 22.214.171.124 default via 220.127.116.11 dev eth0
Bandwidth Management (Traffic Control)
Linux kernel 2.2 (and above) provides bandwidth management functionality compatible to high-end (dedicated) hardware solution. Linux does offer bandwidth management capability with tc command-line utility, with iptables and iproute2 packages.
We've written a small bash shell script to automate bandwidth shaping function on a linux machine. The downloadable source code is used to limit bandwidth of an interface, both inbound and outbound to 1mbit each. You may modify this script how ever you desire to customize your bandwidth shaping requirements.
#!/bin/bash # # tc uses the following units when passed as a parameter. # kbps: Kilobytes per second # mbps: Megabytes per second # kbit: Kilobits per second # mbit: Megabits per second # bps: Bytes per second # Amounts of data can be specified in: # kb or k: Kilobytes # mb or m: Megabytes # mbit: Megabits # kbit: Kilobits # To get the byte figure from bits, divide the number by 8 bit # # # Name of the traffic control command. TC=/sbin/tc # The network interface we're planning on limiting bandwidth. IF=eth0 # Interface # Download limit (in mega bits) DNLD=1mbit # DOWNLOAD Limit # Upload limit (in mega bits) UPLD=1mbit # UPLOAD Limit # IP address of the machine we are controlling IP=184.108.40.206 # Host IP # Filter options for limiting the intended interface. U32="$TC filter add dev $IF protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 1 u32" start() { # We'll use Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB) to shape bandwidth. # For detailed configuration options, please consult Linux man # page. $TC qdisc add dev $IF root handle 1: htb default 30 $TC class add dev $IF parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate $DNLD $TC class add dev $IF parent 1: classid 1:2 htb rate $UPLD $U32 match ip dst $IP/32 flowid 1:1 $U32 match ip src $IP/32 flowid 1:2 # The first line creates the root qdisc, and the next two lines # create two child qdisc that are to be used to shape download # and upload bandwidth. # # The 4th and 5th line creates the filter to match the interface. # The 'dst' IP address is used to limit download speed, and the # 'src' IP address is used to limit upload speed. } stop() { # Stop the bandwidth shaping. $TC qdisc del dev $IF root } restart() { # Self-explanatory. stop sleep 1 start } show() { # Display status of traffic control status. $TC -s qdisc ls dev $IF } case "$1" in start) echo -n "Starting bandwidth shaping: " start echo "done" ;; stop) echo -n "Stopping bandwidth shaping: " stop echo "done" ;; restart) echo -n "Restarting bandwidth shaping: " restart echo "done" ;; show) echo "Bandwidth shaping status for $IF:" show echo "" ;; *) pwd=$(pwd) echo "Usage: tc.bash {start|stop|restart|show}" ;; esac exit 0
The above script has been tested on Centos 4.x system and (Linux AS 2.x) versions. There is also another utility called tcng, which supposely simplify the arcane tc configuration. If you have comments or suggestions on the above script, please contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
For detailed explanation of Linux Advanced Routing & Traffic Control HOWTO, please visit http://www.lartc.org website. The HOWTO also describes method for preventing SYN Floods and ICMP DDoS.


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by Cecile Kohrs Lindell
Despite all the economic analysis, all the modeling and the history of legal machinations surrounding the work of antitrust enforcement agencies, the news that United Parcel Service Inc. (NYSE:UPS) and TNT Express (AMS:TNTE) were dropping their merger 14 January was a reminder that, at the end of the day, politics and tradition are a powerful combination.
Deals in which US-based companies bid for companies in other jurisdictions still – and will – face steep regulatory challenges when the target is a highly recognized darling (often referred to as a "national champion"). And the problem remains if the market includes another competitor that is a national champion as well.
The problem reached epic levels when Europe's merger regulators stopped a deal between two US-based companies, General Electric (NYSE: GE) and Honeywell (NYSE:HON) in 2001. That deal, which worried American rivals, was nonetheless approved in the US fairly quickly, before the EC rejected it.
In the wake of the failed merger, the Department of Justice's former deputy assistant attorney general, Deborah Majoras, gave an impassioned speech about the reason for the different outcome from regulators, noting that in the US "the antitrust laws do not protect competitors from mergers that will make the merged firm more efficient, even if they fear they may as a result be forced from the market."
She concluded by saying "A third, decidedly less optimistic, possible explanation is that we may have a fundamentally different view about the comparative ability of markets vs. government regulators to get it right."
The EU, on the other hand, has "a more statist tradition that places greater confidence in the utility of governmental intervention in markets … Europeans may also simply be uncomfortable with our emphasis on efficiency and our unwillingness to cut competitors any slack. There is some support for this view, unfortunately, in the EU's recent criticisms of our approach as being too Darwinian," she said.
And while both the US and EC had several major discussions on the issues, there was never any discussion of either jurisdiction making any significant, long-term changes.
Look closely at UPS' aborted bid for TNT.
UPS, based in Atlanta, tried to expand its business in Europe by merging with Dutch TNT. But a major player in Europe is also Germany's DHL, a part of Deutsche Post DHL.
The merging parties had made a host of suggestions aimed at bolstering the size of a nascent rival in Europe, and were looking for ways to resolve the anticompetitive concerns of the deal, when they announced they had reached an impasse with the EC.
While the negotiations were ongoing, the EC's commissioner for Competition, Joaquin Almunia, spoke publicly about his concerns about this deal, saying that a merger of UPS and TNT would leave the European market with only three integrators, including DHL and FedEx. He also highlighted concerns that FedEx was not large enough to provide competitive restraint to the combined UPS/TNT and DHL.
That seems to lend credence to Majoras' suggestion "that the EU is much more receptive to complaints from competitors than are the [DoJ] and the Federal Trade Commission".
But in addition to Majoras' statements as part of the US government at the time, there is a very real unspoken concern about how much other countries, including the EU and China, will use antitrust enforcement to curb the efforts of American companies to expand in their countries.
In 2009 China's brand new antitrust agency, the Ministry of Commerce, rejected Coca-Cola's (NYSE:KO) USD 2.4bn dollar effort to buy China Huiyuan Juice Group, the leading national maker of juice drinks. The stated reason was that if the merger were approved, Coke would unfairly dominate the market.
In fact, that is not how American antitrust reacts: When Swiss-based Nestle bought Gerber, the dominant American jarred babyfood maker, there was no antitrust problem.
It is not that Americans do not have reasons to stop companies from making off with American companies or assets, but we do not use antitrust laws to do so.
It seems we are a long way from fully explaining the antitrust law we encouraged the rest of the world to adopt.


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BY : Kampuzz Team
Date : 26-08-2015
Total Views : 401
ICSI 2015: Results Announced
The Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) has declared the results for professional and executive programmes on 25 August, 2015 (Tuesday). Candidates can see their results on the official website i.e. www.icsi.edu.
To check the results, candidates must:
Step 1: Log on to the official website i.e. www.icsi.edu
Step 2: Click on the link of Company Secretary (CS) Professional and Executive Results 2015
Step 3: Enter roll number and click on submit
Step 4: Take a print out of the result for future reference
ICSI 2015 written exam was held in the month of June, 2015. This test was a computer based test. In ICSI's professional programme (New Syllabus) Examination Avani Mishra secured 1st position and in ICSI's Professional Programme (Old Syllabus) Anug Gajraj Shah secured the 1st position.


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Waddling penguins, playful seals, soaring albatross, the Falklands' known for their polar wildlife. Visit rickety towns to have a drink at friendly pubs, have delicious English tea or just walk the scenic countryside. Swing from viewing sea lions to a mug of beer. Where else?
Come upon secretly sheltered water routes and domineering fjords, see mountains rising straight out of the sea and then click the innumerable penguins, seals and whales. If you're exploring the land of Shackleton, it's only right that you also visit his historic gravesite.
Conquer the Drake Passage aboard a ship that's built for the task. This route to Antarctica is fraught with choppy waters and overwhelming views. See leopard seals on floating icebergs then come across mountainous glaciers that dominate the view. You'll live for the unexpected.
Set foot on the frozen continent and walk across its windy, icy terrain. Surrounded by formidable glaciers, calm frozen lakes, the polar wild and jagged icebergs, you're bound to feel humbled by nature's stern power here.
Visiting Antarctica means coming across wildlife that isn't used to the human influence. Watch unafraid rookeries of penguins and large seal colonies. See swimming whales and sea lions peeping out from the sea. Meet the polar wildlife and be awed by its untamed beauty.
The brave explorer travelled Antarctica and you'll be doing the same. Visit South Georgia Island and travel the land as he once did. Sail across those rough waters after you pay your respects to his ancient grave. Seek your blessings, then explore you must!
No, it's not going to be like Titanic. You'll be travelling in a ship meant for these rough seas, through stern glaciers and among the lazing marine life. Cruise around the Antarctic in icy waters and be sure to click the wildlife you want to camera-capture.
Imagine hiking across the frozen shore of Antarctica, finding innumerable chatty penguins and gazing up towering glaciers. This untamed land will show you the magnanimous power of nature while forming memories etched in your mind forever.


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Split back sofa small sofa bed, for smaller spaces or apartments. Gray linen fabric. Comes in few colors, weight limit: 200 lbs per side.
Model: Astra Gray
SKU: 57016Measurements:
No reviews for this model at this time. Be first to write one!
No questions for this model at this time. Be first to ask one!
Use 'Ask a Question' for general questions about this model, and we will reply to your request within 1 business day
For stock information please call/email or use check stock feature in a shopping cart since stock changes every day.
Since 1985, Acme Corp is one of the most trusted names in Furniture Industry throughout the United States. Absolutely huge selection of traditional style furnishings of any kind, good selection for contemporary styles as well.


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My female MC (Kaye) lives on a ranch and she hasn't left it in almost a year. Her mother died in a car crash on her way back to the ranch from a horse auction. Ever since, Kaye has been deathly afraid to leave her home because she's afraid that she won't come back. I was wondering if there was a medical term for this and how it could be overcome.
What Rachael told me in answer to my questions:
- Kaye avoids leaving the ranch and gets anxious even thinking about it
- When she does have to take a trip into town, she has a panic attack when something unexpected happens, even though it's minor
- She is hyperaware of her surroundings when she's not at the ranch
- Her fear of leaving the ranch sometimes involves thoughts of her mother
- Agoraphobia (and then I'd have to figure out if it's accompanied by Panic Disorder)
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
The other possibility, Agoraphobia, includes the following symptoms:
- Anxiety about being in places/situations where escape is difficult or in which help would be unavailable in the event of a panic attack or panic symptoms. Feared situations often include traveling in cars, being in crowds, and being in public alone.
- The feared situations are avoided or endured with intense distress/panic (the person often requires a companion to get through it)
- Symptoms aren't better accounted for by another anxiety disorder (including PTSD)
- It's more likely to be Agoraphobia if Kaye is most afraid of panicking or of being unable to escape and get back to her house.
- It's more likely to be PTSD if Kaye is most afraid of being reminded of her mother's death AND is showing other symptoms of traumatization.
And why is it important to figure out what she's afraid of? Because the treatment for the two disorders is (somewhat) different.
BOTH treatments would probably involve some cognitive behavioral therapy to help Kaye change the way she thinks.
- If Agoraphobia, her therapist would help her interpret her physical symptoms in a way that helps her avoid a full-blown panic attack, and help her identify and challenge her fearful thoughts about leaving the ranch.
- If PTSD, her therapist would help her understand how certain thoughts about the trauma (her mother's death) might increase her stress and fear (like blaming herself).
That's because it involves exposing yourself to the very thing you fear.
- If Kaye has Agoraphobia, she's gonna have to leave the house and cope with being out in public.
- If she has PTSD, she's gonna have to expose herself to the MEMORIES of the trauma.
Treatment for Agoraphobia can be a little tricky because the person may have trouble coming to appointments. This is where insurance-funded treatment can be so frustrating--insurance companies usually won't pay for treatment that doesn't take place in an office. The exposure therapists I know like to do their work in the field whenever possible. They get out there with their clients and expose them to what they fear until it's not so scary anymore. It's totally fascinating to hear them talk about it. Seriously, one of them had a client who was really afraid of farting in public ... so guess what the treatment was? Anyone interested in a post on exposure therapy?
On the Sisterhood of the Traveling Blog front, check out Lydia's post on critique.


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"postapocalypticBLACK™", An Exhibition of New Constructions by Gabriel J. Shuldiner in His First Solo Exhibition at David Richard Gallery
Shuldiner combines found objects and castaway items and assembles them to create wall-hung constructions, all painted in black, unifying the diverse materials and putting the focus on form. This work is raw, physical, edgy and very black.
David Richard Gallery is pleased to be presenting its first exhibition of abstract paintings and constructions by Gabriel J. Shuldiner, a young New York-based artist. Shuldiner uses found objects and diverse castaway materials in his unique explorations of object-making and painting. He focuses on the negative space, the mishaps and accidents that occur in everyday life. In Shuldiner's words, by "combining elements of minimalism and punk attitude, the idea is to remix unmatchable elements, slash boundaries and create a [beautiful] tension between [opposites]… a sort of post_postmodern, post_medium, post_apocalyptic existential zen meditation at times deceptively sardonic, cynical and nihilistic…" His artwork is abstract and reductive, influenced a bit by minimalism and conceptualism, yet very painterly and gestural with a physicality and spontaneity that draws visceral reactions. Shuldiner refers to his work as "bruteminimalism™" and enjoys his use of irony combined with the power and edge of black, "the most mysterious, powerful and misunderstood [non] color_." His combinations of polarities and materiality create seductive wall sculptures that trigger immediate viewer engagement, either because of the physical presence of the piece or immediate internal connection.
Shuldiner studied at New York University, School of Visual Arts and Parsons The New School for Design in New York. His awards include an Elizabeth Foundation For the Arts Studio Residency, 2013-2015 and Artist In The Marketplace, Aim 30, Bronx Museum of the Arts, Bronx, NY, 2010-2011. His artwork has been exhibited in many shows including: "postapocalypticblack™", New Museum, NY; Post Cards From the Edge at Luhring Augstine, Bronx Museum of Art, NY; and Indianapolis Museum of Contemporary Art, IN, among others.


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2 Westside outlets for Design Guidelines
Westside homeowners who who would like to have a copy of the "Historic Westside Design Guide-lines" book can pick one up at either the Old Colorado City
History Center or the Westside Community Center. They are free.
City employee Meghan Riesterer said this week she had delivered 50 copies to each location. "The whole intent is to distribute them to the community," she said. "We're doing whatever we can to make them available."
Published in December, the Guidelines provide illustrations and detailed information to help people authentically remodel the exteriors of their older Westside houses (dating back to 1958). The city had sponsored three January/ February public meetings at the Westside Center, during which the Guidelines were explained and free copies were given to attendees.
Currently, more than 200 remain of the 350 that were printed, according to Riesterer. In addition to the 100 at the two Westside locations, the remainder will be stored at the Office Service Department in the City Administration Building downtown at 30 S. Nevada Avenue. But if more are needed at either of the Westside locations, all they have to do is ask, she said.
The History Center is at 1 S. 24th St. (phone 636-1225), the Westside Center at 1628 W. Bijou St. (Phone 385-79200.)
The document was written by local architect Steve Obering, with funding from the city and the State Historical Society. During a development process that dates back about seven years, financial and volunteer support has also been provided by the Old Colorado City Historical Society (OCCHS), which owns and operates the History Center, and the Organization of Westside Neighbors (OWN).
The city's Westside Center/History Center distribution plan was worked out after the Westside Pioneer asked Riesterer why a city press release Feb. 22 stated that the Guideline copies left over from the three meetings would be kept downtown - not mentioning a previous offer by the OCCHS to make them available to Westsiders at its History Center.
Riesterer's prompt response - she hand-delivered the books to both centers the same day she was called - pleased OCCHS member Dave Hughes, who has led the nonprofit society's support of a proposed historic overlay zone toward which the Guidelines are a necessary technical step. He said most Westsiders would not want to go downtown to get copies of the books, because of the issues of paying for parking and navigating their way through a large city building they're probably not familiar with.
The OCCHS has tentative plans for Obering to give a future presentation at the History Center, during which the History Center will make Guideline copies available to attendees. No date has been set, but Hughes would like it to be sooner than later to benefit "those wanting to do work on their homes in the spring or summer… The name of the game is to get those copies out so that Westsiders consult it before doing dumb things remodeling or hiring their brother-in-law to redo the roof or porch."
Westside Pioneer article


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The Setup.exe is a problem solving miracle designed by Network Engineers. Through its ingenious design, one person is able to do the work of two people when setting up a network cabinet. Use it as a table for your laptop or while terminating patch panels. It also carries your most important tools like a screwdriver, spare cage nuts, cable ties and so on and is mounted within 3 seconds. Setup.exe is the ultimate tool for everyone working on network cabinets!
Tool Depot: carry your most important tools with you
Cable Tie Arsenal: tie down anything easily
Cage Nut Magazine: never search for cage nuts again
Setup Desk: have both hands free while configuring/terminating
Rubberised Top: prevents your gear from slipping
Bolt Plunger: holds the Setup.exe firmly and engages itself
Even Steven: perfectly balanced for easy use
Dual Body: light and strong
Rail Adaptor: adapts to your 19" rail
Tool Box Sized: fits in your toolbox
Powder Coated: for maximum durability
Magnetic Lock: carry it safely
Heavy Load: holds up to 15kg
Lifetime Warranty
*zip ties, screwdriver, cage nuts & velcro not included.
Setup.exe Dimensions (folded):
Depth: 460mm
Height: 45mm
Width: 55mm
Setup.exe Dimensions (opened):
Depth: 380mm
Height: 45mm
Width: 482.60mm (19")
Aluminium, Stainless Steel
Weight: 800g
Made in Germany.
Download the manual here.
Notice: The Setup.exe does not work with 19" rails with threaded holes.


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I waited a day to write about this Tyler Seguin trade because I didnt want to simply write my knee-jerk reaction and sound like an asshole. I wanted to sit on it for a bit and digest it. Well, I did. And it still sucks.
If youre a Bruins fan, how can you not be pissed off about this trade? Peter Chiarelli traded away a 21 year old kid simply because he was "immature." That is pure bullshit.
From CSNNE:
Above and beyond the lackluster performance on the ice during the Stanley Cup playoffs, there were concerns about Seguin's activity off the ice.
According to sources around the team, Seguin was out late in Toronto during the road trip to play the Leafs in the first round of the playoffs and the team had to hold a sit-down with the immature forward about his commitment to the team.
Seguin showed up each day at the Air Canada Centre wearing the same clothes for three straight days and played badly in Games 3 and 4 of the first round against Toronto.
And according to the Boston Herald, "Seguin crossed the line this season with reckless partying. It apparently got so bad that during the playoffs, the Bruins ordered Seguin to live in a hotel, where a guard was hired to make sure he stayed in his room."
Jesus Christ, talk about an overreaction. The Bruins front office should have calmed the hell down and let the dude grow out of this. He is 21 years old for Christ's sake. He will eventually outgrow this immaturity. If he was in his thirties and still acting like this—hell, if he was 25 and still acting like this—then sure.
But at 21, this is what you get. And the fact that Peter Chiarelli hired a guard to babysit him and then traded him because he was "unprofessional" is in itself unprofessional and borderline disgraceful.
Chiarelli has done a lot of things right in his time with the Bruins and he has made a lot of smart moves. But the way he handled Tyler Seguin was just friggin stupid. I don't give a shit what they got in return. You don't trade a 21 year old with the kind of upside that Tyler Seguin has because he's "immature." That is idiotic and just bad business.
When we look back at this trade a few years from now, Tyler Seguin will probably have outgrown his immaturity issues just like Patrick Kane did in Chicago. He will have won at least one Hart Trophy, at least one scoring title and Bruins fans will be left asking, "why the frig did the Bruins ever trade this guy."
By then, Peter Chiarelli and Claude Julien will be gone and Bruins fans will be left feeling the way we did after watching Joe Thornton get traded to the Sharks only to win the Art Ross Trophy and Hart Trophy there. All the while, the Dallas Stars will be enjoying the second coming of Mike Modano. That sucks.
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