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Unless otherwise noted, information contained in each edition of the Kansas School Naturalist reflects the knowledge of the subject as of the original date of publication.
Volume 5, Number 2 - December 1958
Let's Build Equipment for Elementary Science
by Ina M. Borman and Helen M. Douglass
Published by The Kansas State Teachers College of Emporia
Prepared and Issued by The Department of Biology, with the cooperation of the Division of Education
Editor: John Breukelman, Department of Biology
Editorial Committee: Ina M. Borman, Robert F. Clarke, Helen M. Douglass, Gilbert A. Leisman, Carl W. Prophet, Dixon Smith
The Kansas School Naturalist is sent upon request, free of charge to any citizen of Kansas.
The Kansas School Naturalist is published in October, December, February, and April of each year by The Kansas State Teachers College, Twelfth Avenue and Commercial Street, Emporia, Kansas. Seeond-class mail privileges authorized at Emporia, Kansas.
Let's Build Equipment for Elementary Science
by Ina M. Borman and Helen M. Douglass
Many elementary teachers haye said that they lack experience in making science equipment. They need practical help so that they ean guide girls and boys in making and using the everyday things needed in elementary science classes.
This issue of The Kansas School Naturalist is devoted to equipment that can be made by the teacher or by the pupils, or by teacher and pupils working together. Much of the subject matter for which the equipment is used deals with plant and animal life, air, earth, and sky. Many simple pieces of equipment can be made in the elementary classroom and used to promote interest in the field and to challenge children's curiosity. Some of the suggestions are simple and some more detailed. You will have to be selective as to the ones usable in your particular situation.
All of the pieces described have been made in classrooms and found to be appropriate for elementary science. You may want to modify some of the procedures; this is to be expected. The main idea is "let's make some of this equipment." Of course the descriptions in this issue are only a sampling of what can be done. The suggested books and leaflets listed on page 15 may give you many other ideas.
- aquarium or large glass jar
- sand
- water plants, such as Elodea, Cabomba, or Sagittaria
- potassium permanganate
- fish, snails
Wash the sand by stirring it about in water, changing the water until it remains clear when stirred.
To kill any harmful bacteria or fungi on the aquarium plants, place the plants in a pan of water containing a few drops of potassium permanganate solution or a few crystals of potassium permanganate, enough to produce a light wine color in the water. Leave the plants in this water for a half hour or so.
After the sand has been washed, put it into the clean aquarium or jar. If a piece of brown wrapping is laid on the sand before pouring in the water, the sand will not be disturbed as the water is poured in. It is most convenient to put only about four or five inches of water in the aquarium, then set the plants in place before the adding the rest of the water. Until the plants are well rooted, it may be necessary to anchor them down with small stones. Allow the water to stand about 24 hours after planting, then add the fish and snails.
An old "rule of thumb" is to add one inch of fish per gallon of water; another is to add one inch of fish for each 12 square inches of water surface. Plenty of snails help to keep the aquarium clean. Do not set the aquarium in direct sunlight; a north window is an excellent place. Cloudy water usually indicates overfeeding, too few plants, or too many fish.
Children get first hand experience in caring for aquarium life; they also become acquainted with the habitat, structures, and feeding habits of water animals.
- gallon jar with lid, or aquarium with pane of glass to cover it
- charcoal
- soil
- plants and animals
Cover the bottom of the container with an inch layer of charcoal. This keeps the soil sweet. Add about two inches of rich soil, and water so that the soil is damp but not soaking wet. Set out plants, placing taller plants near the back. You may use such plants as small violets, petunias, mosses, and various yard and garden weeds. Earthworms and small toads are suitable terrarium animals. When both plants and animals have been placed in the terrarium, put on the lid or pane of glass.
Since the terrarium is a miniature greenhouse, children may note changes of temperature inside; they can also see condensation of moisture on the walls of the container. They can study plant and animal life under terrarium conditions.
- cake pan, oblong, 1 to 2 inches deep
- vegetable oil
- plaster of Paris
If a gallon (or larger) jar is used for a terrarium, and the jar is laid on its side, it becomes necessary to have a stand for the jar to prevent it from rolling off a table or window sill.
Oil an oblong cake pan with vegetable oil. Pour into the pan a plaster of Paris mixture. When the mixture begins to solidify, press the oiled jar into the plaster of Paris. Remove the jar. When the plaster of Paris has completely dried, remove it carefully from the cake pan. You now have a mold which will support the jar. Felt may be glued to the bottom of this mold as a protection to polished surfaces.
- two pieces of wood, 12 x 3 x 1/2 inches
- two pieces of wood, 10 x 3 x 1/2 inches
- two pieces of glass, 13 x 9 1/2 inches
- hammer and nails
- brace and bit
- black paper
- screen, and cork or stopper
Have the four pieces of wood grooved 1/4 inch from each side of the wood. The measurements must be accurate because the grooves must match. The grooves can be made at a lumber yard or the school shop.
Nail the bottom and two sides together. Now fit the two pieces of glass into the matched grooves in the wooden frame. Then add the last piece of grooved wood for the top of the frame. This board should have two holes bored in it - one near each end. These holes must have a fine piece of screen over one and a cork or stopper in the other.
You are now ready to collect the ants. Select an ant hill and with a sharp-shooter dig down into the middle of the hill. Try to get the queen ant (larger than the others), workers, and eggs or larvae. Place a suitable amount of soil and ants in the container; leave about two inches of space above the soil. The screen-covered hole provides air, and food and water can be added through the stoppered hole.
If you want the ants to make their tunnels against the glass, place black paper on the outside of the glass, completely covering it. From time to time, the paper may be removed and the ant tunnels observed.
- gallon (or larger) jar, with lid
- black paper screen
Collect ants, as described above. Before putting the lid on the jar it should have some holes punched in it and a piece of screen fitted inside it. This is to admit air and to prevent the ants from escaping. Wrap the jar with black paper.
Do not put ant colonies in direct sunlight, especially not the glass jar type. Keep the soil slightly moist, but not wet.
Ant colony containers illustrate the habitat and life habits of ants, and give children first hand in caring for the animals.
- cardboard box
- screen
- staples
- small branch
To make an inexpensive insect or spider cage, obtain a cardboard box. Cut out each side and end, leaving at least two inches along each corner for strength and for fastening the screen. Place the screen on the inside of the box, fitting it to each side and end. Fasten in place by putting staples close enough to each other so that the screen does not buckle away from the cardboard. A small branch should be fastened in the cage to provide a natural habitat for some types insects. Caterpillars may spin their cocoons on the branch. Spiders may use the branch for anchoring webs.
- two round cake pans or pie tins
- screen
- wire or staples
- plaster of Paris
- small branch
Make a cylinder of the screen, of the right size to fit into the pans or pie tins to be used. Overlap the edges of the screen and fasten with wire or staples.
Make a mixture of water and plaster of Paris and pour into one of the pans. At the point of solidification, press the screen cylinder into the plaster of Paris; also insert the branch into the plaster of Paris, in the position it is to occupy after the plaster hardens.
Use the other pan to put on top of the cylinder, to serve as a lid. Modifications of this type of container can be made by using different shapes and sizes of pans.
Small containers which children can take with them on a field can be made from pint ice cream cartons, or other similar containers.
Insects and spiders can be seen at close range; although the animals are in captivity, they have room to move about. Children can make first hand observations of the size, locomotion, eating habits, and other interesting features of the animals. They also become acquainted with type of foods certain animals eat, and take responsibility for feeding them.
- paper plates
- cotton
- cellophane or other transparent plastic paste, Scotch tape
- paper clips
- moth crystals
- chemicals for killing insects
Many chemicals may be used to kill insects for mounting. Carbon tetrachloride is one of the best. Rubbing alcohol, gasoline, or various commercial insect may be used. Insects breathe through tiny openings along the sides of their abdomens; if a chemical is applied directly to the insect, place it on the abdomen in order to kill it most quickly.
Cover the center of a paper plate with cotton. Mount the insect by applying a small amount of paste to the insect and then placing it on the cotton. Older children may use mounting pins. Cover the entire plate with cellophane, and fasten securely on the back of the plate with Scotch tape. If you wish to preserve the specimen for a long time, place a few moth crystals under the cotton before wrapping the plate.
Fasten a paper clip to the back of the plate and hang the plate on the wall. Under the plate should appear a label with the following information on it:
- date collected;
- where found;
- what good or harm this insect does;
For older children the term "value" or "economic importance" could be used for (4).
Children become interested in the insect population found in their community. They will also discover which types of insects are harmful and which ones are beneficial.
Two common types of bird feeders;
1. a window shelf,
2. a windvane feeder which turns with the wind.
- board, 6 or 8 inches wide
- slat, 2 inches wide
- hammer, saw, nails
Cut the board into a proper length for the window in which it is to placed. Make an edge on the feeder by nailing the 2-inch slat around the sides of the board. Birds need both feed and water, so a small pan of water may be set in one corner of this feeder.
This kind of feeder is best for seed-eating birds, and may be kept supplied with ground corn or mixed grain of various kinds. During summer children may dry seeds such as pumpkin, squash, muskmelon, or watermelon, for use in bird feeders during the winter.
- boards of suitable size
- dowel or broom stick
- hammer, saw, nails
The diagram will show you how to cut and arrange the boards for this type of feeder. It can be made as small or large as you wish, but the floor of the feeder should have an area of at least a square foot and the roof should be at least eight inches above the floor.
The windvane feeder is mounted so that it can turn freely. The two long boards act as vanes, turning the feeder so that the closed end of the feeder is always toward the wind. Birds may thus eat in a sheltered place, and food will not be blown away.
- pint or quart fruit jar
- chicken waterer base
Fill the jar with bird seed, chopped grain, ground corn, or mixed grain. Screw the chicken waterer on the top of the jar, and invert. This provides a self-feeder; feed comes through to the edge of the base, where birds can get it.
- paper cups
- string
- suet
- chick feed
- small sticks, such as those from ice cream bars
Melt the suet over a low heat; add the chick feed and stir to a thick consistency. Fasten a fifteen inch string to a small piece of stick and lay the stick in the bottom of a paper cup. Pour the seed and suet mixture into the cup. Be sure to hold the string in an upright position until the suet begins to harden; the string will then be firmly imbedded in the suet ball. For better hardening and for preservation until the time of use, place the cups in a refrigerator or deepfreeze. When the suet ball is to be used, remove the paper cup by splitting it on each side with a sharp knife, or dipping it momentarily into hot water. Hang the suet ball in a tree or on a clothes line where birds can feed and still be observed from a convenient window.
Another simple way to provide suet for such birds as the chickadee or downy woodpecker, is to place a piece of suet on an 8-inch square piece of hail screen and fasten this screen to the trunk of a tree or post. The birds can peck out the suet from the meshes of the screen.
Stalks of kafir corn, milo, or other sorghums
At harvest time, children can gather stalks of kafir corn or other sorghums; the seed-bearing tops of these stalks can he fastened in various places where birds can reach them. The stalks can be stood up in the snow, or tied to trees or posts.
These and many other types of feeders give children a first hand opportunity to see the feeding habits of birds, to note what types of food they choose, and to see what kinds of birds are present in various seasons. They will make many incidental observations of interest, concerning sizes, sex differences, seasonal differences, courtship and nesting behavior, and many others. They may learn to recognize many kinds of birds at a glance.
- tile sewer pipe, not less than 6 inches in diameter
- garbage can lid
- wire
- weight
Stand the sewer pipe on the flared end. Tie the weight to the handle of the garbage can lid, using a heavy enough weight to hold the lid firmly in place. Drop the weight into the sewer pipe and adjust the lid so that is is level. Paint the lid to prevent rusting. Place the bird bath in a desirable place in the school or home yard, and will with clean water.
Children can observe birds while the birds are drinking and bathing; they will note colors, shapes, and sizes, as well as various types of behavior.
- hail screen
- boards, about 9 to 12 inches and 1 to 2 inches wide
- hammer, saw, nails, staples
- eye screw
- shellac
- string, twine, yarn, etc.
Make a square or rectangular frame by nailing together the four boards. Shellac the frame to prevent weathering. Cut a piece of hail screen the same size as the frame, and staple it to the frame. In the middle of one of the boards of the frame, insert an eye screw. This is to hang the frame from a branch of a tree or other suitable support. Fasten string, twine, feathers, horse hair, brightly colored yarn, cotton, and other nest building materials through the meshes of the hail screen. Various birds will use these materials for their nests.
Children may observe materials used by various types of birds in constructing their nests. and will note that certain species of birds select certain kinds of materials. They also become familiar with the birds that live around the community.
The sketches on pages 8, 10, 11, and 14 were drawn by biology student Tom Cain.
- large cigar box or shoe box
- black paper
- small flower pot, containing small plant, such as bean, petunia, nasturtium, Wandering Jew, or ivy
Line the box and lid with black paper. Paste in the tabs made from oak tag or index cards and covered with black paper, one about two inches from the base and attached to one side of the box, and the other about four inches from the base and attached to the opposite side of the box; both tabs should be slanted toward the top of the box, as shown in the diagram. Cut a hole about one inch square on one side near the top of the box. This is to allow some light to enter the box at this point. Place a potted plant in the box near the side opposite that in which the opening is cut. Close the lid and keep it closed except when it is necessary to water the plant. Put the box on the window ledge or on a table where the sun will shine on it. The plant will grow back and forth within the box and will finally reach the opening where light enters the box. The children may work out variations of this plan.
Children gain some understanding of the importance of light to growing plants.
- glycerine, one ounce
- water, one quart
- pan
- paper towelling
- construction paper
- cellophane
- leaves
Soak the leaves overnight in a pall containing a mixture of one quart of water and one ounce of glycerine. The next morning remove the leaves and lay them on paper towelling to dry. When the leaves are completely dry, mount them on construction paper and cover them with cellophane. In this method the shape and even most of the color of the leaves are preserved.
This is a good way to save the fall leaves and preserve their shape and color; it is also a way to help children to identify leaves.
- wax paper
- construction paper
- leaves
- iron and ironing board
- cellophane
Place the leaf between two sheets of wax paper. Press lightly with a warm iron. The iron should be hot enough to melt the wax from the paper on to the leaf.
To display the leaf or leaves, remove them from the wax paper and fasten them to construction paper. Cover with cellophane.
Mounting leaves helps children to become better acquainted with their environment, by preserving leaves for further study and identification.
- window box, or wooden box of suitable size and shape
- fertile soil
- seeds or plants
- fork or other cultivator
Place the box on a window sill where there is plenty of sunshine. Fill the box with fertile soil, and water until the soil is moist but not soaking wet. After the soil has settled, plant the seeds or plants. Keep well watered and when necessary, cultivate the soil. A table fork makes a suitable cultivator.
This shows children how plants grow, and illustrates the importance of soil, water, proper temperature, sunshine and good care.
- pan or plate
- blotters
- seeds, such as corn or beans
- clothes pins
Place a blotter the size of the plate or pan in the container. Put the seeds on this blotter. Now put another blotter the same size as the container over the seeds. Keep the blotters moist but not soaking wet. Use clothes pins to keep the edge of the blotters fastened down tightly to the pan or plate.
- cloth, such as outting flannel
- jar, quart size
- seed corn or lima beans
Dampen the cloth, then lay it flat on the table. Place the seeds on it. Now roll the seeds up in cloth. Place the roll in a quart jar. Keep sufficient moisture in the jar to keep the roll damp, but not soaking wet. Keep at room temperature. The seeds will germinate and can he easily observed when the roll of seeds is opened.
The children observe that not all seeds will germinate. They see that some seeds have two cotyledons and some have only one. First hand observation of the process of germination occurs.
- grass seed
- sponges
- saucers
Place a dampened sponge in a saucer. Sprinkle grass seed over the sponge and in the little of the sponge. Keep the sponge moist and at room temperature. In a few days the grass seed will soon begin to germinate. Try to germinate seeds by placing a dry sponge in a saucer. Sprinkle grass seed over the sponge and in the little openings of the sponge. In a few days observe what is happening to this sponge.
Place a third sponge in a saucer and dampen. Sprinkle grass seed over the sponge and in the little openings of the sponge. Keep the sponge moist but place it in a cold place, such as a refrigerator. After a few days notice what has happened to this grass seed.
Children soon discover that moisture and a suitable temperature are essential to seed germination.
- two tin cans
- thin wire or string
- button or splint
Remove one end from each of the cans. The cutting should be smooth so that they will be safe to use. Punch a hole in the center of the bottom of each of the cans. Now thread one end of the wire or string through the hole to the inside of the can and tie it to the button or small piece of a splint. Take the other end of the wire or string and thread it in the same manner, to the other can. Two children are needed to use this telephone. They stand far enough apart from each other to pull the wire or string taut. One child speaks into the can, holding the can close around his mouth. The other child holds the can to his ear. Be sure that both the speaking can and the hearing can are in a straight line and that the wire or string are taut.
This helps children understand that sound vibrations from the human voice can be transmitted along a wire or string from one place to another. It also shows that vibrations travel only when the string or wire is taut.
Arrows show directions of air movement when the candle is burning.
- two lantern globes or two glass chimneys
- wooden box 14 x 7 x 7 inches
- glass for front of the box
- candle
- punk or splints
Place the box on its side and enclose the open side of the box with a piece of glass that can he moved back and forth. On the top part of the box ream two holes sufficiently far apart so the base of lantern globes or chimneys do not touch and large enough so the base of the globes will fit. Under one opening place a candle securely to the bottom of the box. To do this drip a little of the hot candle wax on the bottom of the box and then press the candle into the wax. When the wax hardens the candle will be secure.
Now light the candle. Slide the glass completely closing the front of the box. When a smoldering stick of punk or splint is thrust down the globe or chimney opposite the one where the lighted candle is. You will note that the smoke will move across to the side where the lighted candle is and out that chimney or globe. When a smoldering stick of punk or splint is thrust down the chimney or globe where the lighted candle is, you will note that the smoke comes right out that globe or chimney.
Children can see that warm air is lighter than cold air, and that warm air is pushed out the chimney by the cold air. They may also see that wind is one result of such movement.
- egg carton or egg container
- Scotch tape, or cellophane
- rocks
To display rocks or shells, put a rock or shell in each compartment of an egg carton or container. Label each rock to indicate what it is, where it was found, and by whom. The rocks may be kept in place with Scotch tape or by fastening cellophane over the complete box. Keep the lid intact to use as a cover. Thus the rocks can be easily stored.
This container helps children to recognize some of the common rocks found around their home or in the community.
- bell wire
- buzzer, bell or miniature socket and light
- 40 stove bolts and nuts, small size
- ply board, size 36 x 24 inches
- a dry cell
Almost any size board could be used for this piece of apparatus; 36 x 24 inches in a convenient size. Ply wood is good material to use. Divide the board into two equal areas, marking both the front and the back.
Bore four rows of holes, ten in a row, as shown in thc diagram, the proper size for the stove bolts. These rows should be about nine inches apart, and the holes should he abont two inches apart. Insert bolts in these holes.
On the back of the board, connect each bolt in the upper half with one at the bottom, as shown. Be sure that all connections are tight.
Attach a small buzzer or bell to the back of the board. Connect the binding post of a dry cell to one terminal of the bell or buzzer. Attach a wire about three feet long to the other binding post of the dry cell and a similar one to the second terminal of the bell or buzzer. Place the two ends of the wire together and you have completed an electrical circuit, thus the bell or buzzer will ring. Now place one end of the wire on a stove bolt found at the top of the board and the other to the connecting bolt at the bottom of the board. Again you have completed the circuit and the bell or buzzer. In this case, place the light on the front of the board near the top. Make the same sort of connections.
You are now ready to add your questions to be answered, or pictures to be identified. Be sure that the question and its answer are located at the two ends of a connecting wire. Do not fasten the questions and answers permanently, but paste on with rubber cement or use thumb tacks. Thus you may change the question and answer positions frequently in order that the children will not get the answers by place position.
This piece of apparatus can be made in a variety of ways. No doubt the children will have some ideas about the construction.
This electric questioner helps children understand complete and incomplete circuits. It gives them some understanding of the bells, buzzer and or miniature lights. The dry cell becomes something of interest, and the children discover that when the positive and negative posts are connected, there is a flow of electricity.
- paper clips
- gummed reinforcements
- unruled paper
- dowel rods or sticks about one foot long
- small bar magnets
- a cardboard box
- string about 12 inches long
Cut out from unruled paper fish about three or four inches long. With gummed reinforcements attach a paper clip near the mouth of the fish. Put all of the fish in the cardboard box. Make fishing poles by tying the string to the bar magnet and to the dowel rod.
You are now ready to fish. Many variations of this activity can be made. Arithmetic problems may be written on the fish. When a child catches a fish, he gives the right answer to the problem. Words for reading can be placed on the fish and the same procedure takes place.
Children discover that paper clips are made of steel, and as a result, the magnets attract them.
- wafer thermostat
- egg crate or similar box
- electrical wire
- glass
- nails, tacks
- thermometer
- light socket, porcelain
- asbestos sheets
- hail screen
- sponge 75 or 100 watt light bulb
- fertile eggs
Stand the egg crate on end so that the divided sections are accessible. Line the top section, size 13 x 12 inches, with asbestos. Tack the asbestos in place. Bore a half dozen small openings through the top of the section. About 5 1/2 inches from the top of the crate (lined section) secure a frame made of small strips of wood. On top of this frame, place a piece of hail screen, size 12 x 13 inches. Bend one inch of the hail screen down over the front part of the frame. This helps to hold the wafer thermostat on the right side (looking into the box) of the crate about three inches from the top of the crate. In the center of the asbestos area and below the hail screen, place and secure the porcelain light socket. Now wire the thermostat to the light socket. From the light socket and from the thermostat should be two wires that can be wired properly to an electric plug.
The interior of the incubator is complete. Fit a of glass in front of the asbestos of the incubator.
Regulate the temperature of the incubator by placing a thermometer in the area above the hail screen. When the proper temperature is reached, adjust the set screw to the thermostat. Now the light will come on whenever the temperature is below the desired level and go off when that temperature is reached.
You are ready to hatch chicks. You may keep the eggs the full time for hatching or you may go to a hatchery and get eggs that are about to hatch. In any case, be sure to place a moist sponge in the area where the eggs are located, that is above the hail screen and in the asbestos lined area.
This piece of apparatus is efficient in showing how some animals are reproduced from eggs. It also makes more meaningful for some children electrical connections and uses.
- extension cord
- light bulb
- shoe box, or square hat box, (most any type of cardboard box can be used)
- star maps
- white paper or white paint
- black construction paper
Whatever type of box you get, it must have a lid. Line the inside of the box with white paper or if you prefer, paint the inside of the box with white paint. In the center of the bottom of the box make an opening just large enough for the base of a light bulb to fit. If you use a shoe box, put this opening at the end of the box. The size bulb you use will be determined by the size of the box. If you use a hat box, draw an 8 inch square on the lid. Be sure that the square is centered. If a shoe box is used draw a rectangle 8 x 4 1/2 inches on the lid. Using a razor blade, cut the drawn lines. Now you have an opening 8 inches square, or 8 x 4 1/2 inches.
Cut several sheets of black construction paper to fit the lid of the box. Mark off 8 inch squares or 8 x 4 1/2 inch rectangles on each piece of black construction paper. Place dots to represent the constellation. With a nail, ice pick, or other sharp instrument make a small hole at each dot. Put only one constellation on each sheet. Place these sheets one at a time on the inside of the lid. Use masking tape to hold the sheet in place. Now put the lid on the box. Turn on the light. The light will shine through the holes in the constellation chart, and make the constellation look something like it does in the night sky. If the stars do not show clearly enough make the openings a little huger. You can make a series of constellation charts, and change them in the constellarium.
Children an understanding of the shape of the constellation from this experience. They may also use the constellarium to help them find constellations in the night sky.
- modeling clay or patching plaster
- empty baby food can or other small till can
- square cake pan, 12 x 12 inches
- ammonium dichromate, finely granulated
With modeling clay or patching plaster fashion a small volcanic cone in the cake pan. Make a depression in the top and insert the small tin can. Keep the clay moist and allow it to dry gradually. Thus you will avoid having the clay crack. After the cone is completely dry place some finely granulated ammonium dichromate in the can. Mix a few match heads with the ammonium dichromate. Use a match to light the chemical.
Advanced children will understand something about the chemical reaction. This volcano shows graphically what happens in a real volcano despite the fact this is a simulated one. By reading they can discover the difference between this type of volcano and a real one.
- cardboard carton
- tag board
- tempera paint, blue, green, brown, red modeling clay
- Scotch tape
- paste
- old newspapers
- dish pan or gallon pail
A rectangular cardboard carton, preferably about 20 x 12 x 12 inches, may be used to construct a diorama. However almost any sized carton may be used, depending upon what the diorama is to show. Cut off the flaps. Now you have a box enclosed except the front. See Figure A. Figure B shows top and front open, with bottom back and two sides solid.
One way to make a background for your diorama is to use a piece of tag board the same width as the cardboard carton and long enough to curve one edge of the box across the back and to the other front edge. This piece is held in place at the front edges by Scotch tape. See Figure A. Now paint the type of
background needed on this curved section, using tempera paint.
Another way to make the background is to paint it directly on the back and sides of the cardboard carton. See Figure B.
The floor of either type of box may be covered with paper and painted to represent water and grass. However real soil, grass and other material may be used. This will depend on what the diorama is to depict.
Oil modeling clay may he used to make the animals and some types of vegetation.
Papier mache may also be used to model the animals and vegetation. To make the papier mache material, tear up newspaper into small pieces and put these pieces into a dish pan or a gallon pail. Add sufficient water to saturate the paper and knead in order to be sure the paper is thoroughly wet. Now add the paste to the mixture until it is sticky enough to hold the shape of the animal that you are molding,
The paste may be made from flour using four times as much water as flour. Combine the ingredients and cook over a slow heat until the mixture is thick. Wall paper paste or wheat paste is good to use.
Dioramas may be used to illustrate the habitat of prehistoric, desert, forest, creek, lake, or pond life. Many interesting relationships among plants and animals can be shown.
- Vessel, Mathew F. and Wong, Herbert. How To Stimulate Your Science Program. Fearon Publishers, 2450 Fillmore Street, San Francisco 15, California, 1957, 32 p. illustrated $1.00
- Blough, Glenn O. and Campbell, Marjorie H. Making and Using Classroom Science Materials in the Elementary School, Dryden Press, Inc,. New York 19, New York, 1954 229 p. illustrated, $2.50
- Atkin, Myron J., and Burnett, Will R. Air, Wind, and Weather. Rinehart & Company, Inc., New York, New York, 1958 58 p. illustrated $1.00
- Atkin, Myron J. and Burnett, Will R. Electricity and Magnetism. Rinehart & Company, Inc., New York, New York, 1958 58 p, illustrated $1.00
- Parker, Bertha Morris. Science Experiences in the Elementary School. Row, Peterson, and Co., Evanston, Illinois, 1952 272 p. illustrated $2..50
- Schloat, Warren G. Jr. The Magic of Water. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, New York 1955, 46 p. illustrated $2.00
- Turtox Service Leaflets, Turtox Service Dept., General Biological Supply House, 8200 South Hoyne Avenue, Chicago 20, Illinois. illustrated, 3 cents per leaflet
No. 1. How to Make an Insect Collection
No.7. The Care of Frogs and Other Amphibians
No. 10. The School Terrarium
No. 11. Plants for the Fresh-water Aquarium
No. 13. Rearing the Silkworm Moth
No. 23. Feeding Aquarium and Terrariurn Animals
No. 31. Frog Eggs
No. 34. The Care of Living Insects in the School Laboratory
No. 35. Studying Ants in Observation Nests
No. 38. Moth Cocoons
No. 45. Lantern Slides Any Teacher Can Make
No. 46. The Study of Fossil Specimens
No. 48. Aquarium Troubles: Their Prevention and Remedies
The Biology Department of the Kansas State Teachers College of Emporia is sponsoring its second Audubon Screen Tour Series during the current school year. This series consists of five all-color motion pictures of wildlife, scenics, plant science, and conservation, personally narrated by leading naturalists. Two of the five programs have been presented, the other three will be given in Albert Taylor Hall at 8:00 p.m. on the dates listed below.
ROGER TORY PETERSON, Wild America, Friday, January 23.
OLIN SEWALL PETTINGILL, JR., Penguin Summer, Monday, April 13.
WILLIAM FERGUSON, This Curious World in Nature, Friday, May 15.
Plan to attend with some of your students. Family and single admission tiekets are available. For additional information write to Carl Prophet, Biology Department, KSTC, Emporia.
Plan now to attend the 1959 Workshop in Conservation, which will be a part of the 1959 Summer Session of the Kansas State Teachers College of Emporia, June 1 to 19, and June 22 to July 10, 1959.
As in the past several years, the Workshop will cover water, soil, grassland, and wildlife conservation teaching. Such topics as geography and climate of Kansas, water resources, soil erosion problems and control, grass as a resource, bird banding, wildflowers, conservation clubs, and conservation teaching in various grades will be discussed. There will be lectures, demonstrations, discussion groups, films, slides, field trips, projects, and individual and group reports. You may enroll for undergraduate or graduate credit.
Any interested person may enroll in the first section; enrollment in the second section is limited to those who have an established interest in conservation and some teaching experience.
Exact dates, fees, and other details will appear in later issues of The Kansas School Naturalist; for other in formation about the Workshop write Robert F. Clarke, Department of Biology, KSTC, Emporia, Kansas.
|The Kansas School Naturalist
|Department of Biology
|College of Liberal Arts & Sciences
|Send questions / comments to
Kansas School Naturalist.
|Emporia State University


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By Victoria Hudgins. Photography by Justin Hackworth.
I hope you've been enjoying all these amazing roundups from Alt SLC. It's almost like you were there right with us! Remember, if you have a recap to include be sure to tweet it #altsummit.
The massive power of women together
4 life lessons learned from blogging
Pops of brightness in all the clothes
Your blog is you, so make it something you love
How to make the most of personal branding

subset: commoncrawl


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The Olsen Edit: What to Buy If the Sisters Are Your Forever Muses
When it comes to celebrity style, the Olsen sisters belong in a league of their own. While Kardashians are receiving accolades for their social media influence and nostalgic style icons of the '00s are making brief returns to the spotlight, the under-the-radar twins, Mary-Kate and Ashley, set themselves apart. Not only did they pave their own way as designers, but they have also dedicated themselves to the industry for more than 10 years by standing at the helm of their brands The Row and Elizabeth and James. And it's not just their work that's consistent. In a world where must-have pieces change every day, their clean, uncomplicated, sleek, and vintage-inspired personal style has maintained its strong identity. It's for this reason that we consider them to be forever fashion muses.
With this in mind, as well as the twins' birthday—it's today, June 13—we compiled a bit of a starter pack to Mary-Kate and Ashley's MVP wardrobe essentials. If you also find endless inspiration from the sisters, keep scrolling for a capsule wardrobe that will remain relevant no matter how many years go by.
On their 32nd birthday, revisit Mary-Kate and Ashley's supreme guide to turning 30.


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Kitty and Claire
Claire knows what I like and what I don't want. She is a darling, a lovely lady. The first day I met her I said, 'aren't you tall?' And we've got on lovely ever since. I've got nobody looking after me apart from Claire. She's the only lady I've got. I can hardly walk and my eyes are going. And if she goes away she always makes sure there's someone else to come round and take me shopping. Always. You can imagine this old girl sitting by herself on the floor, moaning and groaning at herself because she can't get out. That's what it would be like for me if I didn't have young darling Claire coming and taking me out. And I like the way she talks, even if I can't understand her accent sometimes! She's a treasure. She makes me so happy. I've been crying all the week - now look, I'm laughing! I've met all Claire's family. Her husband kisses me on the cheek, don't you know, and I've met their kids. They are lovely. Claire's mother-in-law buys me treats from Paris and I've never been met her. Isn't that lovely? Claire is one in a million. You don't find many people like her in this world.
Kitty Morris, Befriendee
Kitty and I will have been meeting for four years in September. When we first met we sat and had a cup of tea with someone from the Octavia Foundation. I wanted to see someone regularly, once a week, because I wanted to speak English better, someone who was chatty, and to see them on a long-term basis. So we started seeing each other every week. At first I wasn't meant to take Kitty shopping but very quickly I found that she didn't have anybody to take her, so this is our thing now; every Thursday we have a chat, go shopping, come back and have a coffee. A long-term relationship is much better for me. So is consistency. I've got three kids, so I have to be back home in time to take them here and there - so having the same day every week works well. Doing something for somebody else is important. It's rewarding. I started volunteering when I moved to London from France five years ago. It is a real commitment, but you have fun and you get to know someone from a different background. I think it's the least you can do if you have spare time, to give some time to someone who needs it. Everyone deserves a cup of coffee and a good chat once a week. It makes me happy, and it's very rewarding.
Claire Levavasseur, Volunteer Befriender


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It's hard to find something magical. Nothing is eternal, and nothing is sacred. In today's fast paced society, what is one day a revolting travesty is the next, average news. Goth kids, horror movies, what was once jaw dropping no longer holds attention. I believe in the mundane, in tolerance, in over adjustment. I believe in that everything is going to become ordinary, sooner or later.
One can gain a tolerance to most any drug. Nothing is considered kinky anymore. Twelve year olds in mini skirts don't raise an eyebrow; anorexia and obesity are practically expected. The revolution becomes the mainstream, the strange turns into normal. It is a matter of lost shock. The six o' clock news barely mentions murders in favor of fashion trends. I believe that very few things that make headlines will be recalled thirty years from now. The murders, the suicides, the scandal, it's all forgettable and therefore inconsequential. It is my belief that passion and compassion fade, and along with them a sense of humanity. It is my belief that this process is inevitable.
Pregnant teens and pill poppers are Tuesday. Abortions and rehab, Wednesday. Every extremity is becoming more and more socially acceptable. From furry handcuffs to divorce to addiction, it's all been done before. And so on some level, it's insignificant. Unfortunately, I believe that everything, both good and bad, will one day be regarded as mundane.
If you enjoyed this essay, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to This I Believe, Inc.


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A colourful desk makes any work task more enjoyable don't you think?
Some of my objects of desire for a happy hued workspace: 1. Lyra Ferby box of art pencils, 2. Lacie USB Cable, 3. Studio Yaacov Kaufman Morris Memo, 4. CB2 Carpenter Lamp, 5. MOMA Stickit Tape Dispenser, 6. Paperthinks Recycled Leather Notebooks, 7. Bobs Your Uncle List Pad, 8. Puntine Colorate Italian Pushpins, 9. MOMA Leaf Tray and 10. Kikkerland Endangered Species Jumbo Eraser.
(thanks for sparking the idea Margs!)


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Survey: PS2 still most-owned games hardware in Japan
For the Japanese, HD really is something that happened to other people.
A CESA survey, which polled 1,000 members of the public on the last day of TGS this year, has shown that PS2 is still the most owned piece of gaming hardware in the country.
PlayStation 2 is owned more often than any other games console, with 70 percent of those questioned having one at home.
The 10 year-old machine is actually down from its peak of 78 percent from the same survey last year.
Nintendo's DS came a close second at 68.7 percent, followed by PSP in third at 68.6 percent.
Wii stood at 56.7 percent, PS3 at 47.7 percent and Xbox 360 at 19.6 percent.
The full thing's here. Thanks, ecchichuu.


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Agent Gets Her Pussy Filled With Cock And Goes Out With A Bang
Marek (27 mins). Hi everyone, Zuzanna here, as you no doubt know by now after the last update and that fabulous goodbye session Gina and I had together, it is true that I am quitting as a Female Agent. My husband saw some videos he was never meant to and issued me an ultimatum, so this, therefore, will be my last ever casting which I shot a few weeks ago. So, let's take a look at it. Marek was a stunning looking guy with a body that had my clit throbbing within seconds, but he also came across as very arrogant and a bit of a know it all. He bragged of having a 20 cm penis so I got him to take it out and show it to me. Well, I don't think it was 20 cms but it was a decent size and if he knew how to use it would satisfy me well. I told him I needed to test him, he had done plenty of scenes before, but did not seem surprised by my request. I told him I needed to see how well he could lick my pussy, so he got on his knees as I pretended to fill in a form. I must say that looks clearly aren't everything, the guy was useless at licking my sweet hole, even with his mouth full of myself he still came across as arrogant. I decided to see if his fucking was any better and I bent over the desk and let him enter me from behind. Maybe it was his attitude, but I just couldn't get into it with this stud, his fucking style came across as boring and predictable and I couldn't help but try stifling a few yawns. We tried the doggy position which worked better, and then he fucked me in the spoon position. This was much better and I was getting into it, but I didn't want to show him how pleasurable it was. It was time to see his money shot and that's where we hit another problem. He just couldn't seem to bring himself to climax, he was tugging on it so hard I was sure he was going to pull it off. I got on with some work until he finally got to the point of no return and then he shot a big load of sperm all over my pert tits and office floor. A good casting with an arrogant man, it was a pleasure to see him leave my office. That leaves me with just this last task of wishing all you members and fans happiness, good health and fabulous sex lives. Keep fucking and think of me often, it's been a real blast being one of your female agents. Love and kisses.January 10, 2014


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[Previous] | [Session 71] | [Next]
K.G. Stassun (Univ. Wisconsin - Madison), AAS Committee on the Status of Minorities in Astronomy Team
The purpose of this session is to enhance the visibility of, and participation in, the CSMA by informing the Society about the CSMA's mission, goals, and activities. We will summarize the CSMA's accomplishments to date, outline the Committee's short- and long-term agenda, and solicit ideas on (a) relevant issues, (b) effective methods and strategies for achieving the CSMA's mission, and (c) effective methods and strategies for engaging the broader community of the AAS membership. All AAS members are invited.
Presentations will include:
\item ``An Introduction to the CSMA: Members and Mission" --- Chick Woodward
\item ``The Role of the CSMA: Council's Perspective" --- AAS Council Representative
\item ``Numbers and Trends: Minority Representation in Astronomy" --- Chick Woodward (see below)
\item ``SPECTRUM: The CSMA Newsletter" --- Keivan Stassun
\item ``The CSMA Website: An Online Resource for AAS Members" --- Keivan Stassun
\item ``Your Turn: Feedback, Questions, and Concerns from AAS Members" --- Panel Discussion
If you would like more information about this abstract, please follow the link to http://www.astro.wisc.edu/csma/. This link was provided by the author. When you follow it, you will leave the Web site for this meeting; to return, you should use the Back comand on your browser.
The author(s) of this abstract have provided an email address for comments about the abstract: email@example.com
[Previous] | [Session 71] | [Next]


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Hi everyone! Today is, sadly, my last day of working on Mosquito, and I just wanted to talk briefly about the great experience I've had. I came into this project knowing that I am interested in public health and in the various forms that public health messages can be spread throughout communities, countries, and the world. I didn't know anything about documentaries or about mosquitoes (other than the stuff that everyone knows, i.e. that they are annoying and the only bad part of summer). Since the day I started working at Intention Media, I have learned about mosquitoes, the diseases they spread, film production, documentaries, and social media. I attended my first two film shoots, helped sort through the raw footage of the now famous Key West Town Hall meeting (among other important and interesting footage), developed a new interest in (and concern for) the worldwide crisis of mosquito-borne diseases, and, most of all, a new fear of and hatred towards mosquitoes generally.
I'm so glad to have worked with such great people who taught me so much. Thanks for reading and I hope to be back soon!


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April 23 A Chieveo lunch and a Chievo dinner.
Chievo is the name of the soccer team that Michael supports. He goes to every home game and occasionally climbs on the bus with other local fans to go to away games. The team is composed mainly of good-natured young men who are happy to pose for photos and sign autographs for the children. Going to a Chievo lunch or dinner is like travelling back in time…I love these goofy, sweet, simple, happy occasions.
A party for me
April 15 A visit to a Real Contardino, Elio Fedrighi
We arrive at Negrar by bus. Tiziana R. picks us up and takes us to visit Elio Fedrighi and his family. We drive up a narrow winding road and emerge into a spot that can only be described as idyllic: the air is fresh and fragrant with Spring growth, the sun is bright, and the farm dogs are sweethearts.
"This is the real Valpolicella," says Tiziana. "Not the area on either side of the main road – filled with houses and shops."
Elio is a grape grower, par excellence. He has supplied the fruit for Masi's Mazzano Amarone for decades. And unlike many who own renowned vineyards, he has no desire to make wine. He is content to produce the best, healthiest grapes possible from his high, hill-side vineyards and leave winemaking to others.
"The grapes up here ripen later than those lower down," says Elio. This longer growing cycle means that the grapes are often richer in the polyphenolic substances that gives flavor, fragrance and substance to a wine.
We taste 2004 Mazzano. Dark, austere cherry. We leave our glasses and take a walk in the vineyards. Thirty minutes later we return to our wine. It has opened up. Fine, sprightly cherry fruit surround by a mist of mocha.
"It has an earthy quality," says Michael. "The Mazzano was the benchmark by which I measured Amarone when I entered the wine trade."
"There are not many true farmers like Elio anymore," said Tiziana. "Today to sell wine you've got to travel all over the world – stay in the best hotels. Young wine producers are losing contact with the land."
April 13 Monica's Turquoise Party
We met Simone Butturini (www.simonebutturini.it) at Monica's birthday party. I like his paintings.
April 6 through 9 Vinitaly
Below you will find descriptions of some of the wines that I particularly liked this year (in no particular order), and a selection of dark but jolly photos of producers and winemakers. I must get my camera fixed…
I went to a vertical tastingof Gioe Amarone from Santa Sofia (www.santasofia.com) – a very interesting opportunity. My favorite among the wines was the 1998, fresh, full, satisfying, ripe cherry fruit. It continues to evolve in the glass.
I visit the stand of Paolo Passini, owner of the Azienda Agricola San Giovanni (www.pasiniproduttori.it ), every year. Paolo's estate is located in the small wine zone of Valténesi." (For the proper pronunciation of this word imagine Natasha, the Russian Spy from the Bullwinkle cartoon show, saying the word to perky little Rocky J. Squirrel. "Vahl-ten-eh-zee." I have no idea whether this will improve your pronunciation of the word but it does provide a pleasing image.)
His Chiaretto Valtenesi: Vibrant antique rose color. Fresh, distinct notes of raspberries and melon on the nose. A lovely burst of soft ripe berry fruit shaped by salinity. Most of this wine is sold in New York, he tells me.
Another annual visit is to Cristina Geminani owner/winemaker at Fattoria Zerbina, Her 2012 Bianco di Ceparano (100% Albana grapes) is crisp, with a fragrant, citrusy nose. On the palate it is tangy with a sprightly minerality. Serving suggestions from Cristina: charcuterie, asparagus and eggs and soft cheese.
I found out that this wine is available at the Jet Rock Bar and Grill at La Guardia Airport…next time you are waiting for a plane ….
Yet another annual visit is to Bortolotti www.bortolotti.com, this company really does make the best Prosecco. I described it in on a website report from Vinitaly as the Rolls-Royce of Proseccos. The basic Brut N.V. (100% Glera) is very forward peach/pear fragrance, a fine salinity on the finish. Exceptionally elegant and appealing.
Pietracupa Fiano. Simply the best Fiano I have ever taste. Older vintages continue to have firm structure and fine, enticing fragrances.
Donnafugata (www.donnafugata.it ), Lighea (100% Zibbibo – a.k.a. Moscato di Alessandra) grown on the island of Pantelleria. On the nose the wine bursts with sweet, ripe fruit (apricot, a sweet grapiness). Some drink this as an aperitif. For me the nose is too potent for that use, instead serve it at table—the sweet flesh of lobster or crab might make a good pairing.
I drop by for my annual visit to the Bucci (www.bucciwines.com ) stand. I like Mr. Bucci. Fortunately I also like his wines. They are elegant, smooth and built to last. Particularly appealing this year was 2012 Villa Bucci Verdicchio – elderflower fragrance and rich and lively on the palate. A broad but supple fabric of fruit. Mr. Bucci suggests serving it with the summer dishes – chicken in aspic or vitello tonnato.
Damilano (www.cantinadamilano.it). I taste through several of their wines and note a fresh, zippy house style. Their Cannubi Barolo 2009 has an elegant nose, on the palate it blooms with soft but precise fruit, alongside a smoky undertone. Silky texture. Very nice appealing wine.
– I was willingly pulled into the Nino Franco tasting area and tasted through some of their wines with Annalisa Franco. My favorite wine was the Primo Franco Prosecco (100% Glera). Lovely, forward nose. Ripe pear on the nose and palate. Long, fruit-filled finish. English chef Rick Stern paired this wine with Goan Lobster Curry. OOOO, what a good idea! Annalisa also showed me the brochures for her stately guest house Villa Barberina. www.villabarberina.it
More sparkling wine. We (Michael and I) taste through the range at Bellavista (www.bellavistawine.it). Franciacorta is a small zine in Lombardy that produces top-notch sparkling wines using the Champagne method of second fermentation in bottle. Fabio, the agronomist, pours for us. "I would like to ask the signora to taste again and make your description just with your hands," he says, referring to the fact that when I am trying to find a word I automatically find myself miming the sensations. I can't help myself.
My favorite wine 2006 Riserva Vittorio Moretti. (Pinot Nero, plus some Chardonnay, old vines) A broad, uplifting nose – like silk rising on a puff of air. On the palate the same image forms in my mind: silk on a breezed.
On to Berlucchi (www.berlucchi.it), where Mr. Ziliani (whose family owns the Berlucchi winery) suggests matching the company's 61 Rose Franciacorta (60% Pinot Nero, 40% Chardonnay) with crustaceans, prosciutto crudo or risotto. "Rosé is a type of wine we have experimented with a lot," he says. "I personally like rosé, it combines the elegance and freshness of Chardonnay with the body and texture of Pinot Nero."
Final stop of the fair: Villa (www.villafranciacorta.it) in Franciacorta. Brut 2009 Emozione (85% Chardonnay, 10% Pinot Nero, 5% Pinto Bianco). Very smooth, ideas of delicate fruit. "Almost a touch of earthiness," says Michael.
My favorite quote from the fair: The World is small, but Vinitaly is large. If there is someone that you do not want to see, you can be sure to run into him at Vinitaly," said our pal Franco, owner of the Osteria Sottoriva in Verona.
I went to a large Gala Dinner during the Vinitaly wine fair. There were 6 of us at our table, 3 of whom immediately whipped out their cellphones and peered intently into their glowing screens. They stayed in this position during the starter and managed to eat a few spoonfuls of the soup, while glancing at their little phones. They did not speak to the other diners. I wondered if it would be considered bad manners for me to pull out my pen and Sudoku magazine and begin filling in squares. I decided it would.
5 April Canova's Garden
Italian wine producers are always trying to link their product to Art. Seldom do they actually seem to be truly interested in the subject. It's like people who go to fancy dinners in order "to be seen" as opposed to going to a dinner to chat with people and enjoy an evening out.
The financial and organizational support that the Guerrieri Rizzardi wine company gives to the annual Canaova Prize is one of the very few collaborations in which the motivation is art and not just "being seen" to support Art.
The Prize goes each year to a young Italian sculptor/sculptress, and includes the opportunity to show his/her work at the Museo e Gipsoteca Antonio Canova in the tiny town of Possagno, in the province of Treviso. Though the town is small (some 2000 inhabitants) the number of visitors to the museum runs into the tens of thousands.
The museum itself is located in the family home of Canova and surrounds a wonderfully fragrant garden filled with exotic trees and bright flowers. "I love this place," says the Contessa Guerrieri Rizzardi, as we walked down the gravel path. "It is like another world here. I lived not far from this museum when I was a girl and I remember coming here and being enchanted by the place. This is Canova's garden."
The artist featured this year was Alberto Gianfreda, he entitled this collection of his work: Earthquake Museo. My favorite piece is: Earthquake Mano.
Later we visited the Cemetery where Canova is buried.


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Patriotic Muslim-American students gather at a rally
Protest Against Muslim Ban
President Obama greeting a crowd of excited Muslim-Americans
Sanders endorses Keith Ellison for DNC chairman.
Muslim-Americans rallying at the U.S. Capitol
March 14, 2019 10:13 AM
February 20, 2019 2:25 PM
February 14, 2019 11:04 AM
February 13, 2019 11:10 AM
February 11, 2019 8:56 AM
The senator was often on the wrong side of history when she served as California's attorney general.
Read more Hear


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Vanilla Bean Ice Cream - 14 Servings
2-1/3 cups whole milk 2-1/3 cups heavy cream 1 whole vanilla bean (about 6 inches in length) 3 large eggs 4 large egg yolks 1-1/8 cups sugar 2 teaspoons pure vanilla extract
Nutritional information
Calories 257 (64% from fat) • carb. 19g • pro. 4g • fat 19g • sat. fat 11g • chol. 166mg • sod. 50mg • calc. 86mg • fiber 0g
Combine the milk and cream in a Cuisinart® medium saucepan. Use a sharp knife to split the vanilla bean in half lengthwise. Use the blunt edge to scrape out the "seeds." Stir the seeds and bean pod into the milk/cream mixture. Bring the mixture to a slow boil over medium heat, reduce the heat to low, and simmer for 30 minutes, stirring occasionally. Combine eggs, egg yolks, and sugar in a medium bowl. Use a hand mixer on medium speed to beat until the mixture is thick, smooth, and pale yellow in color (similar to mayonnaise), about 2 minutes. Remove the vanilla bean pod from the milk/cream mixture and discard. Measure out 1 cup of the hot liquid. With the mixer on low speed, add the cup of hot milk/cream to the egg mixture in a slow, steady stream. When thoroughly combined, pour the egg mixture back into the saucepan with the rest of the milk/cream mixture and stir to combine. Cook, stirring constantly, over medium-low heat until the mixture is thick enough to coat the back of a spoon. Transfer to a bowl, stir in vanilla, cover with a sheet of plastic wrap placed directly on the custard, and chill completely. Pour the chilled custard into the freezer bowl, turn the machine on and let mix until thickened, about 25 to 30 minutes. The ice cream will have a soft, creamy texture. If a firmer consistency is desired, transfer the ice cream to an airtight container and place in freezer for about 2 hours. Remove from freezer about 15 minutes before serving.
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One of our new panels in the YA Lit track at Dragon*Con this year was "Advice for Young Writers" featuring a panel of experts providing their best advice to a full room, including the largest percentage of teens in the audience we saw all weekend. The audience questions were great, the panelists were insightful and helpful, and it seemed a shame not to pass on these pearls of wisdom to those who couldn't attend. Though most of these are not exact quotes as they come from the moderator's scribbled notes during the panel, we hope that all the young writers out there will find something useful in this post! Feel free to offer your own advice in the comments, and pass this on.
Our panelists were Davey Beauchamp (writer/podcaster/librarian), Susan Chang (senior editor at Tor Books), Susan Dennard (author), Alan Gratz (author), Sarah J. Maas (author), Jonathan Maberry (author), and Todd McCaffrey (author).
On getting started…
- Just start! – TM
- Start as close to the actual story as possible. – AG
- Allow yourself to be bad. Just put any word on the page. "A" and "The" are good starts. – TM
- Don't be afraid of the blank page. – SD
- Write every day. – JM
On finding inspiration…
- Read what you love. Write what you love. – SM
- Keep a writing notebook. – AG
- Write down what happens to you. – SC
- Writing-based roleplaying games are good practice for writing characters. – SD
- Rules for roleplaying is great practice for worldbuilding. – DB
- Read a lot of history, for worldbuilding. – TM
- Expose yourself to different types of storytelling. – SM
- Watch documentaries for inspiration. – DB
On the craft of writing…
- Learn the craft of writing, not just storytelling. – JM
- Get a critique partner – which includes the value in doing a critique of someone else. – SM
- Read your manuscript aloud. – TM
- Avoid anything stylistic that will throw the reader out of the story. Otherwise, go for it. – TM
- Fan fiction is great for practice, and thinking about worldbuilding. – TM
- Practice worldbuilding with something you know – for example, your school. – SC
- If something isn't working with the way you write, try something different. – TM
On when you get stuck…
- First, just try to finish what you're writing. – DB
- Always go onto the next project. Send something out and then start something new. – JM
- Make lists as a way to interview yourself about stories. – JM
On publishing…
- Make sure your book is finished before you query. – AG (Note: A query is when you write to a literary agent with a basic summary of your book, in hopes that they will ask to read the whole thing.)
- Pay attention to query guidelines. – SM
- Send novels to agents rather than to editors. – AG
- Try Agent Query and Query Tracker to find agents. – SM
- Publisher's Marketplace is a good resource. – JM
- Never pay an agent or reading fee. – SC
- It's always said, "Money flows to the author." You shouldn't be paying anything to get published. – TM
- Self publishing may not be a good idea if you don't want to be in the business of sales. – AG
- Resources for short stories: Writers of the Future, Ralan, Duotrope.
And a final, overarching piece of advice from Sarah J. Maas: Always have fun while writing!
[Image Source: Tapping a Pencil / Rennett Stowe / CC BY 2.0]


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French Fare: Culinary Excellence and Creativity Sacrificed for Profit!
By Matt Goldstein
Throughout modern times, French cuisine has been a standard for excellence and Paris a destination for food lovers throughout the world. Recently however, French cuisine has suffered in the never ending search for a profitable restaurant. Profit in business is of course understandable but the seemingly snobby French can no longer snub their noses at inferior culinary cultures. Remember that guy with the mustache in Apocalypse Now who wanted to be a "Saucier," Paris would now be one of the last places to employ that kind of profession. According to the BBC, the overwhelming majority of French restaurants are now using pre-manufactured sauces and even pre-packed, pre-cooked processed industrial hard boiled eggs in a pre-sliced roll. Instant white cream sauces, instant pepper sauces, instant steak sauces, even truffle flavoring without any truffle in it.
These new industrial ingredients and instant economy style aren't just exclusive to cheap establishments, but are actually endemic in more expensive eateries as well. The French government is trying to combat the demise of French cuisine by rewarding those restaurants and chefs who create everything from scratch and use fresh ingredients, herbs and spices to create their sauces. These chefs and restaurants are now being called, "master restaurateurs." Perhaps, French chefs and restaurants will clamor to acquire this title, but for now, the majority of French bistros will have to live with the consequences of their industrial ingredients and economic cutbacks. French restaurants are now the standard for culinary mediocrity.
Source: BBC


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Artist's Statement
Barbara Knezevic's work is primarily object based, finding form as complex stagings and formations of objects that are occasionally foregrounded by photographic works and moving images. These formations are omnivorous selections of things that act together to call to mind other familiar stagings of objects in the world - such as film sets, photographic shoots, museum displays and retail displays. In these artwork formations, items are arranged with attention to, though not always respecting museological conventions that make visible the hierarchies of value in material culture.
Her practice concerns itself with the volatile material and interpretive relationships involved in art-making, the language and nature of materials, the codes of display and exhibition, and the ways in which artworks are represented, archived, stored, traded and discussed. Her artworks and formations describe the peculiar human relationship to the things around us that is often typified by our relationship to the art-object; our treatment of matter or 'things' as agents, commodities, tools, proxies, artefacts, aloof matter and models for representation.


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We have organised a month's rent in an apartment in Florence. Here is the link:
We move out of the apartment in Exhibition St and hand over the keys over on Friday 6th. Then off to Kalgoorlie on the weekend to say "Ciao belles" before returning to Melbourne on Tuesday evening.
We fly out on Friday 13th. At least we turn left on entering the plane....
We have two days in Rome before training it to Florence to give ourselves time to recover from the flight.


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A Nottinghamshire man who sexually abused three girls has been jailed for nine years.
Graham Dallison, 64, was sentenced at Nottingham Crown Court on April 18 2016.
He had previously pleaded guilty to two counts of gross indecency with a girl under 14-years-old and two counts of indecent assault on a girl under 14-years-old.
The victims, who are all now adults, came forward in 2015 to report the abuse which happened when they were between six and 10-years-old.
Dallison, formerly of Weetman Gardens, Top Valley, Nottingham, denied the charges in interview but admitted the offences at a plea and case management hearing.
DC Charlotte Rolling who was in charge of the investigation said: "I would like to thank the three women that were brave enough to tell the police about what this man did to them.
"What they suffered at the hands of this man has had a massive impact on their lives and will continue to do so.
"I hope that this case and the sentence demonstrates that no matter how long ago the abuse took place the police will do everything in their power to ensure that offenders face the consequences."
Dallison will also sign the sex offender register for life.


text:
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text:
The Explainer is where we explain an aspect of Chinese life. Simple. So now you know.
Think of May 20 as young netizens' Valentine's Day. This is in addition to the other two lovers' days that people celebrate in China: traditional Chinese lovers' day (七夕) on lunar July 7, and Western Valentine's Day on February 14.
"5.20" originated from the Internet, as many things do. And like many other internet terms, this one is based on pronounciation. The Chinese pronounciation for "five two zero" sounds like "I love you." Recently, people are also involving the next day in the gimmick, 5.21, which sounds like "I do" or "I am willing."
In China, many holidays are a craze, official or not, and this one is no exception. According to QQ News, roses that normally sell for RMB3 each are around RMB20 on this special day. Imported roses are all above RMB300 each across city flower shops, and that's for a single rose!
Thinking of getting married on May 20? Good luck with that. In Shanghai, the government office for marriage certificates opens at 8am, but couples started lining up as early as 6am in the past on May 20. Hubei province's Wuchang District scored a record high in 2015 with 691 pairs receiving their certificates in the district's marriage office.
May 20 is a day to show a special someone you care, but maybe you've decided that roses are too expensive or mainstream.
Here are some inspirational alternatives netizens came up with to personalize their act of love.
This man mailed himself as a package to his girlfriend's house. His "wrapping" was a Santa costume (who knows why...) and he stuck a package receipt onto his chest. The delivery man even called the recipient, insisting that she pick up her package herself.
Here a male cosplayer dressed up as a sperm cell for his girlfriend. Subtle, no? Read more here.
This last marriage proposer met his girlfriend at a hot dog shop while traveling in Thailand. Turned out they were from the same city, so they became friends and eventually lovers. He proposed by spelling out "I love you" with hot dog buns. Who could say no to that?
To all you singles out there: fear not, China also has a singles' day dedicated to you on November 11.
[Images via China News, China Net Jiangsu, Sohu, Tie Xue, DNKB, Xin Hua, Pai Hang Bang]
This article was originally published on Thatsmags.com in May 2016. It has been updated and republished on May 19, 2018.
For more of The Explainer, click here.


text:
I was speaking with a dear friend this morning and she pointed out the reason I was having so much trouble recommitting is because my husband broke one of the deal breaker rules, I established a very long time ago.
1. Don't hit me. It will be the last time you see me.
2. Don't lie to me. Three strikes you're out.
3. Don't cheat on me. I don't share.
He's lied, at least three times over stupid things because he didn't want to deal with me.
Unconventional as it was, he cheated. And that's a rock I can't make myself climb over.
My next day off is Tuesday. I've made arrangements to stay in a place close to work. It's designed for long term stays for Executives, Doctors, Nurses, so on. No need for me to fumble around looking for or packing housewares, they're there. All I need bring is me, my clothes, food, my precious pet, Maggie and my computer, can't forget that.
My sternum feels cracked in half. And I'm crying again dammit.
I know this is what needs to happen, if there's to be any sort of a change for us, me. I need to be somewhere to heal and take care of just me. I can't do that here. So why does it hurt so fracking bad? How is it the right thing to do is rarely the easy thing?
Someone please take the axe out of my chest.


text:
Run: 13.21 miles
Time: 1 hour 56 minutes 45 seconds
Today's schedule called for an easy (or was it comfortable?) 120 minutes. So that's about 12 miles. However, as you know I've been upping the distance and or pace to increase my training to be more of an intermediate level than the beginner's plan. So I choose to do 13 miles, easy. So about 130 minutes. But 13 miles means the route I choose is the "Stanford in the Vale Half Marathon" that I designed last year. And because I was running a Half Marathon, somehow it didn't feel right trying to do it in over 2 hours. I haven't run this distance that slowly since June 2009.
I don't deliberately set off too fast, but I'm soon hitting a low 9-minute-something pace, and it feels comfortable. Although, stupidly, I forgot to double-knot my laces before I set off (thinking I'd do it when I was waiting for my Garmin to find a signal, but then forgot). I reach Park Lane to notice a loose lace flapping about, so have to stop to tie them up. Far from a 9-min-mile then, I clock up the first mile in a tardy 9m41s. Not to worry, maybe I should take it steady after all.
As per usual, however, my legs have other ideas, and I whizz through the next mile in 8m40s. Surely this is too fast? I'm going to have to be more careful in 2 weeks to more rigidly stick to my race plan. I can't afford to overcook it too soon. Today, however, I have every confidence that I can make the half in under 2 hours, without pushing it too much. I've already done over 2 miles, and there's less than 11 to go. Today's run feels a) like a doddle (compared to last week's 22) and b) seems to be going really quickly - I'm not far off 20% done already.
At the end of Park Lane I turn right towards Denchworth. The wind is against me now, and strong too. Oh, this means it'll be against me for a good few miles towards the end of the run too. Oh well, I can't chop & change the route now. Soon I'm heading East and I'm out of the wind again. Both miles 3 & 4 come up quickly too, although my pace has slackened off a little - back closer to a 9-minute-mile.
Somehow some renewed vigour from the more gentle speed gives me a kick for the next couple of miles, and I'm running faster again. I've chosen to bring only one gel today, so plan to take it at 7 miles. I'm thinking ahead now, and not about the miles I'm going to complete first. I miss clocking up both miles 5 & 6, but can tell I'm still on pace to make the 13.1 miles in about 1h57m, although when I reach the halfway point it would seem that I might make it a bit quicker than that too (especially if I do the usual negative split).
I turn North on the road towards Southmoor, knowing that very soon I'll be turning West back to Charney. All the times I've been running these roads over the last few months, increasing my distance each week, and making the runs progressively harder, fade away to make today's 13-miler seem increasingly easy. At this rate I'm going to beat the time I ran the Milton Keynes Half Marathon in back in July - which is surprising as that's a proper race with a crowd of other runners to keep pace with. Today I'm out on my own, but my inner runner is keeping up the pace without anyone to follow or anyone to cheer me on.
It's been a grey day, and fairly cool to boot. I'm not going to need the 750ml of water I've brought with me, as well as the 500ml of lucozade sport. Still better to bring too much than too little I guess. The downside of planning my run this morning is that it clashes with the Great North Run, so I'll miss the coverage of that on the TV. Still, nevermind I guess. I'm running my own Great Run today.
At Charney Bassett, I get the odd mix of desire to push on and speed up the pace for the last 4 miles coupled with a sense of tiredness. Ok, so I'm not going to push for home just yet, but neither am I going to succumb to the niggling doubt that would otherwise raise its head that I may have overdone it. On a longer run of the higher teens, then perhaps the tiredness would have tried to take a grip over my enthusiasm, but not today. I brush the idea away, barely even given a real thought.
On the road to Gainfield I do feel I can speed up, but then this is slightly uphill, so actually I slow down. The wind, as I suspected, is against me again. Time to dig in and keep going. It doesn't feel bad, but I suppose it is a bit harder work than would be ideal. I think ahead to Loch Ness, and wonder how the land lies there, will there be exposed sections prone to strong winds? What will the weather be like in the far North of Scotland in October? I guess I'll find out in a fortnight.
Now I'm on the downhill in Gainfield, on the home stretch. I can push on and go for it. I use the favourable incline to kick it up a gear, making mile 12 in 8m31s. And with only a mile or so left to go I'm on the edge of Stanford, and again I speed up. Far from flagging now, I feel great as a wave of energy floods my legs knowing how close to the end I am. The last few hundred yards whizz by, as I clock up mile 13 in 8m13s and I pass the Half Marathon distance in about 1h55m (my 3rd best this year), and reach home in 1h56m45s - a distance of 13.21 miles.
The next 2 weeks will be a lot easier now. Next Sunday's 8 miler won't even feel like it's worth getting out of bed for!
Goodwood Festival of Speed - Had a great weekend of motorsport. This was my second visit to Goodwood and the first for my wife. I think she has now officially migrated from slight vagu...
6 years ago


text:
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Savvy B2B Marketing
As another week draws to an end, we're happy to present the posts -- and video -- that gave us pause and made us smile. Enjoy!
3 Ways to find Twitter Users by Profession - by @ducttape
John Jantsch shares some new Twitter Tools to help you find the people you seek for your industry.
Dear ESPN - You're Doing it Wrong - by @chrisbrogan
ESPN's new policy to restrict the Tweeting lives of their staffers caused quite a buzz on twitter and the blogs this week. Chris' commentary discusses why this is strategic mistake for the broadcaster.
The 7 "Emotional Hooks" for B2B Selling - by @Sales_Machine
While there are definitely "emotions" that influence B2B sales, they're not the same emotions that you find in consumer purchases.
How to Launch an eBook or White Paper - Authority Rules - by @juntajoe
Learn what model Copyblogger author Brian Clark used to launch his latest eBook - and how you can duplicate it.
Staying the Course is NOT Stuck in the Mud - by @ardath421
10 reasons companies abandon marketing programs too soon and 5 suggestions to keep them on course.
Putnam Investments breaks ground on blogs, Twitter, and social media - by @dmscott
David Meerman Scott does a happy dance as a big-name financial company gets serious about social.
Are We Solving the Same Problem? - by @NotGodinREPOSTs
In his usual succinct style, Seth Godin gets to the core of many a marketer's misery - the case of the campaign without a clear goal.
Why Small is the New Big in Social Media Marketing - by @jonathanfields
Are you a smaller company hoping to leverage social media? Get inspired with this post that explains why smaller companies may have the social edge over the big boys.
5 Twitter Tips to Strengthen Your Content Marketing Strategy - by @newtbarrett
Newt Barrett explains how to make sure your Twitter efforts pay off, with pointers to great tools.
The twouble with Twitter - by @jackiehuba
An entertaining 4.5-minute video brings perspective to our world without Twitter this week. (C'mon, you know you can relate!)
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text:
All from the very root!
The first pair sought,
just one thing, "this right",
this liberty and personal might.
all has now given birth,
to multiple plights.
Non, now ever walk upright,
not on this crooked path.
Overwhelmed is our light,
will it ever shine forth?
Still on the root!
The proposed route,
ruined tender thoughts,
liberation now cast us all out.
From the bit,
now comes heat.
Milk teeth,
can now bone crush and eat.
How you, they now cheat,
advancement they call it.
Unshod now are tiny feet,
treading the field of damnation,
in this erring "nation".
Results ?
Despaired hearts,
as the wisdom book no longer deserve merit,
words to the maker, no longer a sacred rite.
All, disasters brought.
Every corner now filled with,
debris-like cratures from debasing acts,
so abounding is the anti-social kites,
hovering in our skies.
All from the root,
the creator's wrath.
The root brought us to this route,
Babies' babies in circulation.
Oguntoyinbo Shola Phebian is a graduate of English/Literary Studies from Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago- Iwoye, Ogun State, with professional strings in Management, Creative Writing and Fashion mongering. She is on the track of clinching another honour in Mass Communication. Other activities include Volunteering with the Lagos Eko Project (V.T.S scheme) and a Hon. Consultant for Peace Education (AREF). Creativity stops not at writing as she is a Fashion Editor, Performance Poet and a onetime D.C.A and presenter with Radio Niger Minna, Niger State. She is waiting to unveil more creative brands as the Creative Director of "House of Phoebe".


text:
Magnetic Stir Bars
Page 1 of 1
Magnetic Stir Bars
Strict quality assurance from The Lab Depot for Magnetic Stir Bars and more than 750,000 other lab supplies means that you will always have confidence in your research and development or quality control results. After all, your laboratory testing procedures should always include using only the very best – whether magnetic stir bars, chemicals, glassware or very sophisticated instrumentation. Always look to The Lab Depot for value and for quality lab supplies.


text: German automaker Volkswagen said Friday it will spend tens of billions of dollars refocusing the company on the making of electric cars, aut 17.11.2018 "None of us can remain silent to the arbitrary cancellation of commercial agreements, the spreading prevalence of protectionism and the use 26.09.2018 Trade and investment ministers from G20 countries meeting in Argentina said there was an "urgent need" to improve the World Trade Organizati 19.09.2018 IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, has said it expanded operations in Europe and Central Asia with investment commitments that reached $ 19.09.2018 President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has announced the new ministers of his cabinet as Turkey officially switched to an executive presidency. 11.07.2018 A Turkish court has handed out hefty jail sentences over the death of 301 miners in Turkey's deadliest ever mine disaster in the Soma distri 11.07.2018 Global Business Reports provides its take on the prospects for Turkey's mining industry, based on exclusive interviews with some of the sect 07.07.2018 Turkey's election body on July 4, 2018 confirmed the outright victory of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in the June 24, 2018 presidential po 05.07.2018 REALNOE VREMYA reported that rising use of batteries in electric vehicles will create strong demand for nickel from the 2020s, says Reuters 22.03.2018 The auto industry is "waking up too late" to the fact that China will hold most of the world's supply of battery raw material cobalt, Ivan G 21.03.2018 The International Atatürk Airport will become an exposition area once Istanbul's giant third airport starts operating, Transport, Maritime A 07.08.2017 The flow of Indonesian nickel ore to China has resumed after a three-and-a-half year break. There have been a few false alarms since the 05.07.2017 The economy of the United States is the largest in the world. At $18 trillion, it represents a quarter share of the global economy (24.3%), 02.05.2017 Some 51.3 percent of the more than 58 million Turkish voters said "yes" to the ruling Justice and Development Party's (AKP) constitutional a 17.04.2017 MINING.com and sister company IntelligenceMine's ranking of the world's 50 largest mining companies based on market value continues to show 13.04.2017 Lawmakers in El Salvador, Central America's smallest nation, have passed a law that bans all mining for gold and other metals, making the co 31.03.2017 Nickel prices plummeted almost 5%, hitting a fourth-month low Thursday after Indonesia decided to finally relax its ban on partially process 18.01.2017 The Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada's (PDAC) International Convention, Trade Show & Investors Exchange—Celebrating 85 years—w 23.12.2016 United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN ESCAP) commission at its 48th session in 1992 to promote intergov 06.12.2016 Glencore Plc, the commodities trader and miner, expects nickel prices to climb through 2018 as demand outstrips supply, assuming Indonesia c 24.09.2016 "Anti-mining advocates in Congress are taking advantage of the [Rodrigo] Duterte administration's harsh stance against the mining industry, 24.09.2016 HANGZHOU - The 11th Summit of the Group of 20 (G20) major economies concluded here on Monday (5. Sept. 2016), reaching extensive consensus o 05.09.2016 Turkey and China signed three agreements covering nuclear security, energy and agricultural health certification on Sept. 3 during Turkish P 05.09.2016 Mining firms in the Philippines and Indonesia are facing increased exposure from an impending crackdown on environmental compliance. 02.08.2016 On Monday, nickel exchanged hands for $10,755 a tonne in London, the highest since mid-August last year and a 24% advance in 2016. Measured 02.08.2016 British citizens have dealt the world's political, financial and business scenes quite a blow by voting to leave the European Union, a histo 01.07.2016 Premier Li Keqiang tells opening of parliament that the nation's economy is likely to grow at a slower rate than previously estimated 01.07.2016 Turkey will help stem the flow of migrants to Europe in return for cash, visa liberalization and renewed talks on joining the European Union 30.11.2015 After a long period of mutual neglect, EU and Turkey look ready for a marriage of convenience thanks to the recent refugee crisis. Discover 30.11.2015 Turkey's Economic Development Foundation (İKV) has welcomed decisions reached at the European Union-Turkey Summit on Nov. 29, 2015 stating t 30.11.2015 The Turkish general election of November 2015 was held on 1 November 2015 throughout the 85 electoral districts of Turkey to elect 550 membe 05.11.2015 As the global refugee crisis is unfolding across Europe, the Middle East and Africa, the UN Global Compact, in partnership with the UN Refug 19.09.2015 China is good at making many things, from shoes to mobile phones, clothes to computers, and toys to ships. Now the country has a 10-year nat 19.09.2015 New wave of selling hits world's top five public mining companies Friday as the commodity slump slashes market valuations to 60%–88% below 2 07.09.2015 China stocks rose on Friday on expectation of further easing measures from government. With these gains adding to Thursday's recovery, inves 29.08.2015 The Chinese government is accelerating investment in environmental protection, with the totalinvestment into the protection of water, air an 15.08.2015 Chinese currency continued to fall on Wednesday after the central bank reformedthe exchange rate formation system to better reflect the mark 13.08.2015 Source from Ferroalloynet that since May to Aug, a few ferronickel plants in Indonesia invested by Chinese companies have started to produce 12.06.2015 China is the world's top mining country, but lack of local reserves of main mineral commodities forces local companies to hunt for mining de 27.04.2015 Mineral production in Cuba is still largely state-controlled, the government has taken steps to change its old mining laws 22.04.2015 Number one Barrick Gold's output drops in 2014, but fellow Canadian firm Agnico Eagle adds 30% to production ounces. 26.02.2015 The International Labor Organization's (ILO) code on safety and health in construction entered into force in Turkey on Feb. 6., 2015 11.02.2015 ISTANBUL - The global economy faces big and crucial challenges with uncertainty and complexity in 2015, a Chinese government official said i 09.02.2015 Turkey's foreign trade deficit has fallen 15.4 percent to $84.5 billion in 2014, due to a rise in exports to the EU, dramatic decrease in go 31.01.2015 As we ring in the New Year, let's take stock of where we are at with the oil markets. 2014 proved to be a momentous one for the oil markets, 08.01.2015 A total of 361 miners were killed in mining accidents last year (2014) in Turkey, the country with the highest rate of workplace fatalities 08.01.2015 What happened in 2014? The metal was languishing at multi-year lows in January but against market expectations Indonesia stuck to its gun 02.01.2015 Drilling Operations at Turkish Mines are Exploring Deeper than Ever Before. 09.12.2014 Indonesia, supplying more than a fifth of global exports, surprised the mining world in January, 2014 by putting into effect an outright ban 31.10.2014 Efforts to rescue the 18 Turkish workers trapped in a flooded coal mine were halted following a landslide early on Thursday, fuelling anxiet 31.10.2014 Rescue workers have been pumping water out of a coal mine in southern Turkey all night, but hopes of finding alive all or some of the 18 min 31.10.2014 At least 18 workers were trapped underground after a coal mine collapsed in the Turkish town of Ermenek, about 110 km north of the country's 31.10.2014 The export value of goods in Macedonia from January till August 2014 was 3,208,293 thousand US dollars rising by 17.4% compared to the first 08.10.2014 A scathing official report into the Soma mining disaster in Turkey has revealed a catalogue of negligent practices and a complete disregard 03.10.2014 After attempting a comeback of sorts last week iron ore prices have come under pressure again this week. Benchmark Northern China 62% Fe 25.09.2014 Scotland has voted to stay in the United Kingdom after voters decisively rejected independence. 19.09.2014 Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's speech at the opening ceremony of the Summer Davos forum has underlined government's commitment to supporting s 15.09.2014 Indonesia, supplying more than a fifth of global exports, surprised the mining world in January by putting into effect an outright ban on ni 11.09.2014 A miner died Tuesday in a coal mine accident in the western province of Manisa's Soma district, the same area where 301 miners were killed a 03.09.2014 Turkish primeminister Recep Tayyip Erdogan won the country's first direct presidential election on Sunday, and issued a message of unity, sa 14.08.2014 Turkey's ruling party began deliberations on the shape of the next government on Monday after Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan secured his plac 14.08.2014 Bodies of the last two remaining miners were recovered, an Anadolu Agency correspondent reports 20.05.2014 World trade is expected to grow by a modest 4.7% in 2014 and at a slightly faster rate of 5.3% in 2015 WTO economists said today (14 April 2 21.04.2014 The decision by Indonesian authorities, on 12 January 2014, to ban exports of low-grade ore came as a major shock to the nickel market 02.04.2014 High Representative (HR) of the EU for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Catherine Ashton and EU Trade Commissioner Karel De Gucht today p 15.03.2014 As to the ore export ban the Government of Indonesia enforced on January 12, 2014 the Government of this country eased the regulations for t 05.03.2014 After two years of zigzagging, Indonesia's controversial ban on raw ore exports finally came into effect in January 2014, although in a slig 20.02.2014 All of the country has had geological prospection, but with regards to drilling and reserve establishment, only 45% of Turkey has been explo 07.02.2014 Indonesia's mining exports have ground to a halt, says a trade ministry official, as a result of the ore export ban that was introduced on J 24.01.2014 Indonesia has pushed through a hotly-contested ban on raw minerals exports after making last-minute concessions for the country's two bigges 13.01.2014 Indonesia's ban on all mineral ore exports is seen threatening the country's nickel and bauxite industries, worth more than $2 billion in an 13.01.2014 Indonesia rocked the mining world on Sunday putting into effect an outright ban on nickel, bauxite and tin ore exports. 13.01.2014 A significant increase in conflict, terrorism and regime instability in the Middle East and North Africa, along with deepened global politic 13.12.2013 Chapter 22 (Regional policy and Coordination of Structural Instruments) opened at the 10th meeting of the Intergovernmental Accession Confer 08.11.2013 Turkey, an important segment of the Alpine-Himalayan tectonic belt, hosts notably diverse mineral deposits.In Turkey, especially in Anatolia 07.10.2013 Top climate scientists have admitted that their global warming forecasts are wrong and world is not heating at the rate they claimed it was 19.09.2013 New findings from an archaeological excavation led this winter by Dr. Erez Ben-Yosef of Tel Aviv University's Jacob M. Alkow Department of A 06.09.2013 Europe's industrial activity climbs to more than two-year high, US recovery gathers steam and China serves up huge surprise. 23.08.2013 (Reuters) - The London Metal Exchange has offered the job of chief executive to Martin Pratt, two sources familiar with the matter said on T 23.08.2013 Central Banks are traditionally the largest holders of gold. Most Central banks are now diversifying their foreign exchange reserves with go 05.07.2013 With the European economic crisis showing no signs of abating after five long years, some attitudes towards mining on the continent are unde 05.07.2013 The greatest customer is China; and Africa market grew 566%. Mining sector increased its export by 40.23% compared to the same period of the 14.04.2013 Turkey's gold extraction hits record with 29.5 tons worth $1.7 billion annually. Professionals say new investments in mining is boosting the 22.01.2013 Turkey's exports of steel and steel products - including such specific materials as pipe - amounted to $14.32 billion in the first 11 months 08.12.2012 ANKARA - Hürriyet Daily News (November 11, 2012) Analysts believe rival rating agencies may follow Fitch in upgrading Turkey. PM Erdoğan 11.11.2012 BEIJING - Reuters China's state-owned enterprises and affiliated businesses, which account for more than half of output and employment in 11.11.2012 Ahead of World No Tobacco Day on May 31, Sharmila Devi reports from Istanbul on Turkey's progress with tobacco control, which has been gaini 28.05.2012 Vice-Premier Wang Qishan has urged the expansion of trade cooperation between China and Turkey into emerging fields including new energy, sp 11.04.2012 BEIJING - Chinese President Hu Jintao met with visiting Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan Tuesday in Beijing, vowing to advance bi 11.04.2012 Turkey's economy minister met CEOs of Chinese companies over breakfast in Shanghai on Wednesday 11.04.2012 Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan on Tuesday said Turkey and China should join forces for greater cooperation. 10.04.2012 Strategic deals signed as Turkish prime minister ends 27-year gap Nuclear energy and investment deals were signed on Monday during an of 10.04.2012 Recently as many nickel ore buyers pay more attention to other nickel ore market but Indonesia and Philippine, New Caledonia and Turkey attr 09.04.2012 Turkey will decide if China can build Turkey's planned second nuclear power plant during PM Erdoğan's current visit, the energy minister say 09.04.2012 Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan left for China on Saturday, the first visit by a Turkish premier to the country in 27 years, to 09.04.2012 China and Indonesia signed agreements on a range of issues on Friday, a sign analysts said shows the wish of both nations to push forward ti 25.03.2012


text:
Heisey Ridgeleigh Pattern # 1469 Candle Vase
click for more pictures for item PJ0207
Please feel free to visit my Ruby Lane shop ~ Grizzly-Wolf Fire-King ~ by going to my CyberAttic homepage link found on the left side of this page, then click on the link near the bottom of my homepage it will take you to my shop. If you are looking for an item such as what is listed here, contact me via my email email@example.com. Looking forward hearing from you....
Description: Heisey 6" Candle Vase. Ridgeleigh No. 393 pattern. Found in COLLECTOR'S Guide to Heisey's Glassware For Your Table. Plate 413. Markings: H in a diamond. Circa: 1936. Measurements: 5" in diameter at the top. 2 ½" in diameter at the bottom. 4 ½" tall. Condition: No chips, cracks, stains, or repairs. Excellent condition.