text:
- Research
- Open Access
Effect of infant feeding on maternal body composition
- Irene E Hatsu†1,
- Dawn M McDougald†2 and
- Alex K Anderson2Email author
© Hatsu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2008
- Received: 03 December 2007
- Accepted: 06 August 2008
- Published: 06 August 2008
Women gain total body weight and accrue body fat during pregnancy. Breastfeeding has been suggested as an efficient means of promoting postpartum weight loss due to its high energy cost. We investigated the effect of infant feeding mode on maternal body composition.
This study evaluated maternal weight and percent body fat changes in exclusively breastfeeding versus mixed feeding mothers during the first 12 weeks postpartum using the BOD POD. Twenty four mothers aged 19 – 42 years were studied. Participants were recruited from Athens-Clarke County and surrounding areas of the State of Georgia, USA. The study was conducted between November 2005 and December 2006.
Prepregnancy weight was higher in mixed feeding mothers than in exclusively breastfeeding mothers (68.4 kg vs. 61.4 kg) but the difference was not statistically significant. At 12 weeks postpartum, exclusively breastfeeding mothers had lost more total body weight than mixed feeding mothers (4.41 ± 4.10 kg versus 2.79 ± 3.09 kg; p = 0.072). There was no significant difference in fat weight change between the two groups (4.38 ± 2.06 kg versus 4.17 ± 2.63 kg). However, mixed feeding mothers lost slightly more percent body fat than exclusively breastfeeding mothers (1.90 ± 4.18 kg versus 1.71 ± 3.48 kg), but the difference was not statistically significant. The trend in percent body fat loss was significant among exclusively breastfeeding mothers (p = 0.034) but not mixed feeding mothers (p = 0.081). Exclusively breastfeeding mothers consumed more calories than mixed feeding mothers (1980 ± 618 kcal versus 1541 ± 196 kcal p = 0.08). Physical activity levels were, however, higher in mixed feeding mothers than exclusively breastfeeding mothers.
Our results provide further evidence that exclusive breastfeeding promotes greater weight loss than mixed feeding among mothers even in the early postpartum period. This suggests that there is the need to encourage mothers to exclusively breastfeed as a means of overweight and obesity prevention.
- Body Composition
- Exclusive Breastfeed
- Infant Feeding
- Prepregnancy Weight
- Body Composition Measurement
During pregnancy, women gain total body weight and accrue body fat. These body composition changes often last into the postpartum period, and thus can create significant concern for mothers who are eager to return to their prepregnancy weight. Lactation is often suggested by researchers as an efficient means of postpartum weight loss due to its high energy cost [1–5]. The literature indicates that findings from studies evaluating the effect of lactation on postpartum weight retention/loss are mixed. The mixed findings could be attributed to variations in study design and methods used to measure total weight or body composition. Errors associated with most of the traditional methods used in total weight (self-reported or on-site measurement) or body composition measurements could also be a reason why the results of the studies in this area are inconclusive [1–17].
The BOD POD, which uses the air-displacement plethysmography technique, is an accurate, non-invasive piece of equipment invented in the mid 1990s to measure body composition. It has a brief measurement period which enables multiple readings over a short period of time. Despite its accuracy, the BOD POD has not previously been used to assess the effect of infant feeding on postpartum body composition changes. To fill this gap in infant feeding and body composition research, the BOD POD was used to evaluate the effect of infant feeding on postpartum maternal body composition. We hypothesized that mothers who exclusively breastfeed their newborns would experience greater postpartum weight loss and percent body fat loss than their counterparts who mixed feed. We believe the results from such a study will help to further understand the impact of infant feeding on maternal body composition. In this paper we present data on maternal postpartum weight changes, percent body fat changes, dietary intake and physical activity.
Study design
This was a longitudinal study conducted in Athens-Clarke County and surrounding counties of the State of Georgia between November 2005 and December 2006. Participants recruited from the above mentioned areas reported to the Maternal and Child Nutrition Research Lab (MCNRL), Department of Foods and Nutrition, at The University of Georgia (UGA), USA, for interviews and body composition measurements. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire containing both closed- and open-ended questions, which was followed by body composition measurements.
Immediately after the interview, the participant changed into a swimsuit for the body composition measurement. Height and weight were measured before entering the BOD POD for the body composition measurement. The study involved five testing days over a period of four months (36 weeks pregnancy, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postpartum). All participants gave written consent before being recruited into the study after being thoroughly informed of the purpose, requirements and procedures of the study. They were also given the opportunity to read the informed consent form. The study protocol and consent form were approved by the Human Subjects Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) of the University of Georgia (UGA) and the Athens Regional Medical Center (ARMC).
Research participants were recruited via newspaper advertisements, flyers posted throughout the UGA campus, mailings to specific listservs, study brochures at doctors' offices and by word of mouth. Participants were screened for the study inclusion and exclusion criteria.
The primary outcomes were postpartum maternal weight and percent body fat changes, but we also assessed dietary intake and physical activity levels. Sample size was based on the detection of differences in postpartum maternal weight and percent body fat changes among two groups (exclusive breastfeeding and formula feeding) equivalent to 1% body fat. With a type 1 error of 0.05 and a 0.8 probability of detecting a true difference (1 – β), the required sample size per group was 8 [18]. However, because many participating mothers who were formula feeding also gave some breast milk, we ended up with exclusively breastfeeding and mixed feeding groups instead of a formula feeding group.
Eligibility and exclusion criteria
To be eligible for participation, a participant had to be at least 18 years of age, in their third trimester and not less than 36 weeks pregnant. They had to be non-smokers and not on medication which could affect their body composition such as steroids. Exclusion criteria included complications during pregnancy and delivery, a diagnosis of hypertension, pre-eclampsia or gestational diabetes, as well as pre-term delivery (≤ 37 weeks).
Study implementation and questionnaires
We collected baseline data at the time of recruitment and follow-up data at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postpartum. All interviews and measurements took place in the MCNRL. During each evaluation, interviews were conducted using both closed and open – ended questionnaires to collect information on health history, infant feeding practice, and physical activity – the type of exercise, its intensity and frequency. Physical activity level was assessed based on the recommendations of the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans [19]. A score for physical activity was derived by multiplying the number of days one exercised within a week by the duration of the activity [20]. For example, a participant who exercised 30 minutes a day, 3 times a week would have an activity score of 1.5 (3 × 0.5). Sedentary or inactive was defined as having an activity score of 0 – 1.4, moderately active was 1.5 – 2.9 and very active was > 3.0. Information was also gathered on dietary habits. On each visit we performed a 24 hour (24-h) dietary recall and calculated the energy and nutrient intake from foods consumed. We also used a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) alongside the 24-h dietary recall to assess general food intake over a month period. With the 24-h dietary recall, participants were asked to recall every food they ate from morning until evening of the day before evaluation. The recall also included information on portion size as well as brand name and preparation method for each food. Overall energy intake, major macro- and micro-nutrient intakes were assessed using the Nutrition Data System for Research software. Intake of alcohol and dietary fiber were also assessed. The FFQ asked questions about specific foods and how often they were consumed (daily, weekly or monthly), and this information was used as a validation of the information collected by the 24-h dietary recall.
Body composition measurement
Body composition measurements were conducted using the BOD POD body composition system version 2.30 (Life Measurement Inc, Concord, CA). Participant height was measured to the nearest 1.0 mm using Seca 214 portable stadiometer (Itin Scale Inc, Brooklyn NY) and done in duplicates. Participant weight was measured wearing minimal clothing (bathing suit) and without shoes or jewellery on the body. Weight was measured to the nearest 0.01 kg using a calibrated electronic scale connected to the BOD POD system. Weight measurement was done during the 2-point calibration procedure for the BOD POD, described elsewhere [21].
Once these measurements were done, the computer calculated the corrected body volume (Vbcorr) which was used in calculating body density (Db) [22]. The BOD POD software then calculated the percent body fat using the Siri equation [23] for Caucasians and the general population or the Ortiz equation [24] for African Americans.
Outcome variables
The main outcome variables were changes in maternal total body weight and percent body fat. These were assessed at each evaluation time point. Changes in weight and percent body fat loss were calculated by subtracting weight or percent body fat at 2 weeks postpartum from that recorded at each evaluation time point.
Independent variables
Different one-time covariates were assessed at 36 weeks pregnancy and others at 2 weeks postpartum. These included educational background, delivery type, parity, marital status, age, pregnancy weight gain, and ethnicity. A number of time varying covariates were also assessed at each evaluation time point. These included dietary/energy intake, physical activity and infant feeding practice. The categories of infant feeding investigated in this study were exclusively breastfeeding and mixed feeding. Exclusive breastfeeding was defined as the "infant receiving only breast milk; no other liquid or solid is fed." Mixed feeding was defined as the "infant receiving some breast milk and formula as well as some solids whatever the case may be".
Statistical analysis
We performed all data entry and analyses using SPSS for Windows version 15.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). Dietary information was analyzed using the Nutrition Data System for Research software (Nutrition Coordinating Center, University of Minnesota School of Public Health). Differences in variables by group were evaluated using t tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for continuous variables, and chi-square tests for categorical variables. Chi-square analyses were used to examine bivariate associations between the outcome variable and independent variables. Since the study has a longitudinal design with repeated measures over time, we conducted repeated measures analysis to assess trends in body composition changes. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the relationship between maternal characteristics and the changes in maternal percent body fat over time. Data are reported as means ± SD. P value of ≤ 0.05 was used as a criterion for reporting statistical significance.
Participant characteristics
Participant demographic characteristics*
Exclusive breastfeeding
(n = 17)
Mean ± SD
Mixed feeding
(n = 7)
Mean ± SD
Age (yrs)
30 ± 6.0
29 ± 5.1
Education (yrs)
17 ± 2.2
18 ± 2.9
% (n)
% (n)
77 (13)
86 (6)
24 (4)
14 (1)
Marital Status
82 (14)
100 (7)
18 (3)
0 (0)
47 (8)
43 (3)
53 (9)
57 (4)
Type of delivery
94 (16)
86 (6)
6 (1)
14 (1)
Prepregnancy and postpartum body weight changes
Participant anthropometrics*
Exclusive breastfeeding
(n = 17)
Mean ± SD
Mixed feeding
(n = 7)
Mean ± SD
Prepregnancy weight (kg)
61.4 ± 8.1
68.4 ± 15.6
Height (cm)
165.8 ± 6.6
160.0 ± 6.0
Prepregnancy BMI (kgm-2)
22.1 ± 2.8
25.9 ± 6.2
Weight at 36 wks pregnancy (kg)
75.6 ± 9.6
81.1 ± 13.2
Pregnancy weight gain (kg)
14.8 ± 4.2
13.7 ± 3.3
Delivery weight (kg)
76.8 ± 9.8
81.9 ± 13.6
Infant birthweight (kg)
3.4 ± 0.3
3.3 ± 0.4
Changes in body composition
Lean weight change with respect to lean weight at 2 weeks postpartum
Weight change (kg)
(Mean ± SD)
4 weeks
8 weeks
12 weeks
Exclusive breastfeeding
0.28 ± 1.24
-0.52 ± 1.32
-0.39 ± 1.38
Mixed feeding
0.88 ± 1.89
0.49 ± 1.17
0.99 ± 1.58
0.46 ± 1.45
0.22 ± 1.34
0.01± 1.55
Dietary intake and physical activity
EBF mothers consumed more calories than MF mothers (1980 ± 618 kcal vs. 1541 ± 196 kcal p = 0.08). They also tended to consume more fat, protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, calcium, iron and vitamin D than their MF counterparts (data not shown). Alcohol consumption, however, was higher among MF mothers than EBF mothers (4.8 ± 10.2 g vs. 2.06 ± 4.4 g; p = 0.3) although the difference was not statistically significant. Physical activity assessed based on the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans showed MF mothers exercised more than their EBF counterparts (1.8 ± 0.7 vs. 1.0 ± 0.3). Exercise activities engaged in during pregnancy included aerobics, biking, running, walking, weight-lifting, walking on treadmill and yoga. Participants' engagement in physical activity increased with advancing postpartum period. The most common activity participants engaged in was walking. About 33% of participants engaged in walking at 36 weeks, 22% at 2 weeks, and 38%, 42% and 38% at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. Other common activities were running/jogging (17%) and aerobics (13%).
Regression analysis
Factors affecting maternal percent body fat with respect to percent body fat at 2 weeks postpartum
Time point
Adjusted R2
4 Weeks
Maternal BMI
Average energy intake
Type of feeding
8 Weeks
Maternal BMI
Average energy intake
Type of feeding
12 Weeks
Maternal BMI
Average energy intake
Type of feeding
Infant feeding and weight changes
Findings from this study show that mothers with higher prepregnancy BMI chose to mixed feed their newborns. They also lost more percent body fat during the early postpartum period. We found that infant feeding influenced postpartum maternal weight and body composition changes over time, although, the differences seen between the groups were not statistically significant due to the small sample size and short duration of the study. Our results show that weight loss among EBF mothers tended to be higher and at a faster rate compared to their MF counterparts. This finding is in agreement with the results from other studies [2, 4] which have found significant postpartum weight loss in exclusively breastfeeding mothers compared to formula feeding mothers. The greatest differences in weight loss, according to these studies, were detected around 3 months postpartum which is confirmed by this study. The amount of weight loss after delivery has been linked to pregnancy weight gain: the more weight gained during pregnancy, the more weight retention after delivery [2]. We found the opposite of the trend reported by Janney et al. [2]. In the current study, we found mothers who gained more weight during pregnancy lost more after delivery.
Weight changes and dietary intake
In agreement with the findings of Chou et al., [9] this study found that caloric intake was higher in EBF mothers than MF mothers. Their mean energy intake, however, did not exceed the 2000 kcal recommendation for women between the ages 19–30 years, [25] the age range of most of our participants. The low dietary intake recorded in the groups could be due to underreporting by participants. We feel confident about our dietary data as this involved five 24-hour dietary recalls taken over a 12 week period that included at least the intake of one weekend day. There were no statistically significant differences between reported intakes. We also observed a strong correlation between data from the different 24-hr dietary recalls (r > 0.967) for both within and between groups. Even though the energy spent in breast milk production is estimated to be about 500 kcal/day, the US Institute of Medicine recommends that breastfeeding mothers consume an extra 330 kcal/day to make up for the energy used in breast milk production with the difference of 170 kcal/day coming from stored fat [26]. This therefore brings the daily recommended energy intake for breastfeeding mothers to 2330 kcal. EBF mothers did not meet this recommendation. It will therefore be important to ascertain the dietary/energy intake of these women before pregnancy. This will help evaluate the current Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) to determine whether that is contributing to the obesity epidemic facing the U. S. Although EBF mothers were found to exercise less than their mixed feeding counterparts, their lower activity did not affect their weight loss trend. The result from measuring weight loss with respect to weight prior to pregnancy supports the protective association of breastfeeding with postpartum weight loss reported in other studies [1–4, 27]. All of these studies used prepregnancy weight as a reference for weight loss or weight retention after delivery; they did not use other time points such as weight at delivery which was used in this study.
Infant feeding and body composition changes
In both groups, weight loss was derived more from fat mass than lean mass though EBF mothers lost more lean mass than MF mothers. This supports what has been reported by Chou et al. [9] who used the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and skin-fold measurements to measure and compare postpartum body composition of 20 women who were either exclusively breastfeeding or formula feeding. We found no difference in fat weight loss between the two groups by 12 weeks postpartum. Even though MF mothers seemed to have lost more percent body fat than EBF mothers in the current study, the trend in percent body fat loss was significant over time among EBF mothers compared to MF mothers according to the repeated measures analysis. The MF mothers may have lost more fat mass because they had a higher prepregnancy weight and BMI which may be an indicator of higher percent body fat compared to EBF mothers. The difference may also be due to the high dietary fat consumption and low physical activity rates of EBF mothers. Adequate Intake (AI) of dietary fat for women aged 19 – 30 years based on a 2000 kcal diet is between 25 – 35% [25]. EBF mothers were found to consume more than the recommended intake for fat (Table 4). Multiple regression analysis also showed that more calories consumed led to less percent body fat loss. Most of our participants (EBF and MF mothers) met and/or even exceeded the recommendation for macronutrient intake but not for micronutrient intake. EBF mothers especially consumed very high amounts of dietary fat which supports the finding by Chou et al. [9].
Effect of other covariates
Different studies have identified several covariates that may affect body composition besides infant feeding. These include maternal age, parity, prepregnancy weight, pregnancy weight gain, dietary intake and physical activity [1, 2, 4, 10, 12, 13]. In this study, we used multiple regression analysis to identify independent factors that affect maternal percent body fat besides infant feeding methods. Maternal characteristics that were identified to have independent effects included prepregnancy BMI and dietary intake. Identification of energy intake in the current study is consistent with what has been reported by Chou et al. [9]. To the best of our knowledge, none of the previous studies in this area have investigated the effect of BMI on maternal body composition. Regression analysis in this study showed that mothers with higher prepregnancy BMI lost more percent body fat after delivery.
Exercising during pregnancy has been found not to affect birth weight but, rather, to have other physiological benefits such as improved labor [28]. Even though this study did not investigate the physiological benefits of exercising during pregnancy, we found that women who were physically active during pregnancy engaged in exercises recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [29]. Similar to a previous study by Zhang et al., [30] our participants engaged in activities such as walking, running or jogging and aerobics during pregnancy. About 75% of participants engaged in these exercises even at 36 weeks pregnancy. This percentage reduced to about 21% two weeks after delivery but gradually started increasing by 4 weeks postpartum. At 12 weeks postpartum, none of the new mothers had engaged in any high impact activity such as running.
Results from this study are of public health importance due to the trends observed in total body weight loss between the different feeding groups. There is an indication of a protective effect of EBF against maternal overweight/obesity and signs of rapid return to prepregnancy weight even in the early postpartum period. The observation that percent body fat loss was significant across time within the EBF mothers and not MF mothers is suggestive of the protective effect of EBF against cardiovascular disease and other chronic health conditions. The study clearly shows the importance of encouraging and supporting mothers to breastfeed exclusively as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the World Health Organization.
Our study has a number of limitations and therefore the findings should be interpreted with caution. First, the study was designed to compare postpartum maternal weight and percent body fat changes between EBF and formula feeding mothers but we ended up comparing with MF mothers because we realized infants of formula feeding mothers had received some breast milk. Second, the data on prepregnancy weight and weight at delivery were self-reported. It is possible that these self-report may have introduced some inaccuracy into our measures of prepregnant BMI and weight gain during pregnancy. At the same time we feel confident to include these variables in our analysis as we found strong correlations between self-reported prepregnancy weights before and after delivery (r = 0.996) as well as strong correlation between self-reported height and measured height (r = 0.997). Third, our inability to detect significant differences between the groups could be due to the small sample size and the short duration of the study. It is possible that the lack of strong association between the groups was due to lack of statistical power and the overlap of breast milk production between EBF and MF women. Another limitation is the use of self-reported dietary intake. This was minimized by taking dietary recall data at different time points and averaging for our analysis. Participants of this study were highly educated with college or more education and therefore the findings may not be generalizable to less than college educated mothers.
We appreciate the help of Dr MaryAnn Johnson and Ms. Gail Hanula for their support with the study. Our appreciation also goes to all participants. This study was supported by a faculty development grant awarded to Dr. Alex Kojo Anderson by the College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia. The college of Family and Consumer Sciences did not have any role in the study design and writing the manuscript.
Authors' Affiliations
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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Audi Hidden Tires
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This is a great game to enjoy and relax with, a game called Audi Hidden Tires. That is 15 car tires on 5 levels. Use mouse and click on the tire when you see one. The time is limited so be fast and find all hidden tires before time runs out. You have 2 minutes for each picture and you can do 5 mistakes. If you do more mistakes the game will be over. So, if you are ready start the game and have fun!
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My sense is that all living things crave it, the solace of isolation. When I was working, it was often expressed as "Quality Quiet Time;" a chance to escape the spotlight of your own circumstance. Edward Hopper's "Automat" conveys that message to me as does the scene above. There wasn't another sea gull within sight when I came upon this guy, soaking up the warmth of the coming dawn, a calm, peaceful moment, alone with himself.
This lady above had given me a slight nod when she walked by with her dog, no doubt a daily ritual. When I framed the shot, my thoughts went to Hopper, Wyeth and Warhol. I grew up in a family of painters. I was told once that people who can't paint go into photography. I couldn't so i did. Even so, I think the rub-off has served me well. I was still roaming the beach, no doubt looking for my own solace, when she returned; her Lab glistening from a splash in the ocean. We struck up a conversation. She and her husband had just relocated from up north and were refurbishing a house a few blocks off the beach. It reinforced my belief that people who come to the beach, regardless of their station in life, all have the civility of a small town. I suppose the moral of the morning was, place no trust in appearances. Thanks for the look and have a good week. See you next time.


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Sweet Readers,
I have some wonderful news for you! The Gerlach Family that I am highlighting right now on DBS got a court date in Africa! You can read more about them here! They will be traveling to Africa later this month to bring their sweet boy home! It has been quite the journey and they have waited so patiently on God's perfect timing! Please keep them in your prayers!
They raised a substantial amount of money towards their adoption travel costs coming up! Praise God!
You can still donate on their blog, if you feel led!
***Carla sold out of all her Paper Bead Necklaces and got so many Hooded Towel Orders that she is currently all booked up for those amazing Hooded Towels, but she promised me that she would do a guest tutorial for you guys on how to make them yourself once home again! So, I know we will all look forward to that one!***
God always provides! It is neat for me to see how He is meeting those needs in others' adoptions and makes me excited about how we will see God providing once we begin our adoption process in another year or so!
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[IFA Exclusive Video] Live LG 3D Converter Demonstration - Turning 2D Games Into 3D Wonders!
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"There just isn't enough 3D content." This complaint is a thing of the past
No matter how advanced the technology, if there's nothing to use it for, chances are it will be gathering dust on trash heaps the world over (Lazerdiscs, anyone?) While it's true producers have been reluctant to develop true 3D content, LG has come up with an elegant solution. They'll just leave them out of the equation. In the days leading up to the IFA, the south Koreans announced a new app, which converts traditional 2D apps into 3D programs optimised for their new Android Device LG Optimus 3D.
With the LG 3D converter, a user can convert the entire range of 2D apps already running on their phone into new 3D experiences. The only requirement is OpenGL support and the ability to use the program in landscape mode. Requirements most games can claim.
According to their own admission, LG has invested some serious time in the development of the program. With a quick touch of a button, a user can jump between 2D and 3D mode. The algorithm Is reportedly so advanced that there is no noticeable performance loss. Most games should be able to keep up their 50 FPS rate. Of course LG only demonstrated the new technique on games that come preinstalled –or in other words, optimised- on the Optimus 3D. But all indicators seem to confirm LGs claims. Our experience showed that the conversion took only a handful of seconds. There was practically no wait time.
LG has a nose for innovation and in their winning the 3D race by a nose// The product line introduce on Berlin's IFA over the weekend pushes the envelope in terms of the possible and very well maybe the next true reolution on home and mobile media.


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Keith works for an NHL team and during the playoffs, time off isn't an option. On Thursday night, his team lost game seven which meant that he could come with me to this retreat (had his team won, he would have had to stay and work). I was extremely anxious while I was watching the game because had the outcome been different, I would be going to this retreat alone, meeting other survivors and caregivers alone and dealing with feelings alone. I fear that I will be dealing with some emotions that I have otherwise suppressed since my diagnosis.
I can't help but wonder what will come up this weekend that I have yet to deal with. Don't you ever wonder if you haven't actually dealt with issues that you've been faced with for the past year, 5 years or entire life and instead tucked them away in the 'to do' folder until it's crucial that you sort out all of your thoughts and emotions? I fear that although I feel like I have dealt with this cancer thing pretty well, this weekend I will have break down upon break down because in lieu of dealing with the hard issues, I use humour to deflect my true feelings.
How do you know if you've dealt with an issue or if you've just ignored it? Can you tell by your reaction to the mere mention of the topic (you start crying when you hear the word 'mastectomy') or is it not until you're in an intensive situation before you let it all out? I sometimes wonder if I should have spoken to a counsellor or a psychologist about being diagnosed with cancer and other times I think that with all of the support that I've been given, I didn't/don't need counselling but how can I be sure?
I seem to have come to terms with what I can't control; fertility, only having one breast, the fear of recurrence, etc. but every now and again a mixture of every emotion known to man seems to come over me and I feel like I have taken ten steps back. By the following day, I always feel better, great even because I've acknowledged how I felt, and could move on. That's what I'm anticipating this weekend will do for me; it will be hard to deal with while I'm in the midst of it but by next week, I'll feel like a whole new me.
It's a bizarre feeling to be scared of yourself - in a way, I don't know what I'm capable of when it comes to cancer (both physically and emotionally) and I'm not sure what has been dealt with and what is left brewing under the surface. You know how you can talk about a topic ten times without crying and on the eleventh time you weep like a baby? That's how I feel, I mean the work 'cancer' has lost all of its meaning anymore but when I say 'I had cancer', every now and again, it becomes real, too real. I guess I'm also a little apprehensive because when it is just me and Keith, I can escape the cancer world but by going to a retreat, I am committing to cancer for the entire weekend. I don't know if I am ready for that kind of commitment.


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In the early 1990s when the country's film industry remained stagnant and when vulgarism and weak-script movies ruled the industry, Salman Shah entered the film industry in a spirit vibrant with promise. The ailing film industry witnessed a real romantic hero and welcomed a new era in the romantic film genre with his appearance
unfortunately, the country's film industry observed the most shocking day on September 6, 1996 with the untimely demise of its talented actor Salman Shah
According to media, Salman's wife, Samira was responsible for his death, for they were said to be on bad terms for some days regarding co-actress Shabnoor. But 13 years on, no one has been officially charged for his murder. Although a medical board found "nothing new other than suicide". Salman's mother Nila Chowdhury in a fax message said she has rejected the examination report of the medical board.
|Salman Shah With his wife Samira


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By Stacey Nosek | Pajiba Love | January 16, 2009 |
A word about Bush's "Farewell Address" last night. You'll probably find this piece either horribly offensive or completely brilliant. (Deus Ex Malcontent)
And in what is to be one of the last legacies of the Bush Administration, the Supreme Court just took a steaming shit on your fourth amendment rights earlier this week. You're welcome! (QuizLaw)
Grossness of the day: The Underpants Gnomes have purportedly been ravaging the Jonas Brothers dressing rooms. Gag me with a dick. (WIMB)
Because I can't resist: Here's what retarded shenanigans are currently going on in the "Real World" house. (FourFour)
Balloon Animal Orgies = Best Condom Commercial Ever. (BoingBoing)
Bear Grylls named his newborn son Huckleberry? I would have thought something like "Scorpion Testicle Grylls" would have been more appropriate. (DListed)
Here's some viral marketing, compliments of one of our advertisers: If you've been following along, apparently Caseman is dead. Damnit. And Armacham may be behind it. See for yourself. (Armacham)
I know, I know. Two Paris Hilton links in two days. But I had to post this because it may be the most inspired and poignant thing I've ever heard the guy from Drunken Stepfather say. Site NSFW. (DrunkenStepfather)
Here is some tragic news, apparently the Laserdisc is officially dead. Anyone under the age of 20 might want to go ask your parents what a Laserdisc is. (ScreenJunkies)
Now that Mickey Rourke is a major player in Hollywood, he's pulling in some A-List tail. And I wish I could think of an STD euphemism for "A-List." (Celebslam)
I have to link this only because I know you guys are going to hate the motherloving shit out of it. The top "Butterbodies" according to Spike. Golly gee willikers, they coined a new word! Good for them! (Spike)
Although, this may actually be more offensive. Movie marketers want to "tug at our ovaries." Don't even think about touching my fucking ovaries. (Jezebel)
Today in New Cola News, check out Jones' Orange You Glad (For Change) Cola (Pop Candy) and a new cola from Red Bull which has less caffeine than regular Red Bull and therefore makes it pointless. (TIB)
If there's one thing I've gathered about this season of "American Idol," it's that it's all about sluts this year. (cityrag)
And aside from looking like a broke-ass hoe, here are 20 other ways of securing yourself audition in front of Simon, Paula, Randy and the other one. (BestWeekEver)
From the TruTV series "The Principal's Office," here is a hilarious clip featuring possibly the most pussified high school principal ever. Thanks to Serena!
Pajiba Love brought to you by Stacey Nosek, who can be reached via email here.
Pajiba Love / Stacey Nosek
Pajiba Love | January 16, 2009 |


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Look what I got delivered a few days before Christmas!!!
No..it wasn't a 'Christmas' gift so to speak..
But it was packed with some REALLY yummy stuff!!
Check this out.. In January 2013, Cascadian Farm will roll out a new line of ORGANIC Crunchy granola bars that are simply delicious with 9 or fewer wholesome ingredients in each bar.
These bars are made from ingredients you could find in your own pantry! These Crunchy granola bars will be available in three flavors: Oats & Honey, Peanut Butter and Oats & Cocoa.
I got to try out the Oats and Honey and they were DELICIOUS!!
I LOVE that these are Organic and that Cascadian Farm has taken the steps to provide more and more affordable treats that are made with great ingredients!
The Berry Cobler cereal was a little sweet for my taste for a morning cereal, but it makes for a great addition to yogurt or an afternoon snack!
Keep an eye out at your local grocery stores for these great products in 2013!
You can also follow Cascadian Farm on Facebook and Twitter to stay updated on all their great products!
** I received the above box of goodies in exchange for my review. All opinions and thoughts are 100% all mine **


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Registered Nurse -Monks Orchard
Job ID : 9984
Registered General Nurse Job in Wakefield, West Yorkshire
Salary: £16.00-18.00
Full-time shift Pattern
As a Registered Nurse you will be responsible for overseeing patients overall Health and Medical Histories. In addition you'll also be responsible for advanced activities such as starting Intravenous Infusions, Administering Oxygen, Monitoring blood sugar etc.
Requirements of a Registered Nurse:
The candidate:
-Must be a qualified Nurse with an active NMC Pin
- Must have experience working as Nurse
- Must have the ability to communicate effectively
- Must have the ability to handle and diffuse difficult situations
-Must have an updated CRB
-Must be flexible and motivated
-Must be able to work at short notice
Aplus Recruit Ltd is a recruitment organization that provides jobs all over the UK. We work hard to assist our clients in finding suitable candidates for their vacancies. After you submit your CV to us it's then perused in depth and vetted, we then correspond with our clients to ensure that you're a suitable match for the job described. After this is done we then set an interview date.
To apply for this job and others visit our website at www.aplusrecruit.com
Salary : 0
Country : United Kingdom
Region : London (South)


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Hey, Grace'rs,
This weekend we look at the story of Jesus and the Hungry Crowd (Luke 9:10-17). It's a story filled with promise, challenge, and transformation! Families with last names starting with L-R have the food table this weekend.
Coming Up:
Saturdays before worship: Because we have time before worship on Saturdays we're planning some family/mulit-generational activities in the next few weeks:
- Oct. 1: BINGO night: 3:45-4:45. Snacks provided (and some prizes, too)
- Oct. 15: All Pro Families. 4:15 until service starts. A chance for families to connect through fun and discussion. Light meal provided.
- Nov. 5: Pumpkin Painting. 4:00 pm. You bring the pumpkin. We'll provide the rest.
- Nov. 19: All Pro Families. 4:15 until service starts. A chance for families to connect through fun and discussion. Light meal provided.
The Man-Cave Bible Study Following Jesus Through the Gospel of Mark this Saturday@6:15 am.
Women's Ministry Schedule-Fall of 2016
- Morning Class: "Putting On the Armor of God" DVD series by Pricilla Shirer. Led by Laura Nelson and Sharon Riester. Meets on Tuesdays at 10AM in room3/4 Meets 9/13-11/1
- Evening Class: "Believing God" DVD series by Beth Moore. Led by April Lange and Judy Mikes. Meets on Mondays at 6:30PM in the lobby. Will be meeting on the following dates: 9/12, 9/19, 9/26, 10/3, 10/17, 10/24, 11/7, 11/14, 11/21, 11/28 (no classes on Columbus Day or Halloween).
- Evening Event: "Give Thanks Dinner/Silent Auction" November 15 at 6:30PM.
Sign up in the lobby!
Forum on Islam, Wednesday, Oct. 19, 6:30 pm. I'm really excited about this opportunity to learn more about our Muslim friends. Our guest will be a local lawyer: Yasir Ali. He's awesome. And he'll be bringing some folks from his local Mosque along for us to hang out with after the forum.
Active Adults (YOLO) fall breakfast kickoff—October 19. Hold the date.
The Helping Christian Boys Thrive Summit is coming to Phoenix, Saturday, October 22. Featuring my good friend, New York Times Best-Selling Author Michael Gurian (The Wonder of Boys; The Mind of Boys; The Purpose of Boys) along with yours truly, we'll be going deep into how boys are wired and how we can call them into HEROIC manhood. This is for parents, grandparents, educators (Public, Private, Charter), Church leaders, anyone who works with boys! It will be held this first year at Grace! The Church, in partnership with parents and educators, is the best hope for changing the storyline of our boys! 60 spots are now available for Gracer's at 1/2 price, which includes lunch. $25 per person. Register here.
To learn more about the Summit (or to pass the word along to your friends, see the website: www.helpingchristianboysthrive.org/phoenix
Stats and Stuff:
Attendance: 555
Offerings: General $15440.70 + $470 Thrivent Choice + $4,045 online/text/kiosk = $19,955.70. Refresh the Campus $20 + $364 Building . Noise Youth Choir $250. Noisy Offering $61.03
This weekend: We see Jesus recklessly dispensing grace once again!


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One game that caught our attention this week on Steam, was a little game called Ragdoll Runners.
It's a kind of an indie sports simulation game with the most frustrating controls. Very similar to QWOP, but much smoother, this game takes you through 4 athletic sports – sprint, long jump, triple jump and hurdles.
There is also different distances you can compete the events. I found that the longer the event, the more chance I had to stuff it up as the opponent rarely misses a beat. If you grab it through Steam there are a heap of badges you can unlock adding more life to the game. We unlocked a Moonwalker badge for my ability to make the guy run backwards … Not even sure how I did it, but it made me feel less upset that I got totally thrashed in the race 🙁
The physics and ragdoll effects are awesome. With a bit of keyboard mashing, you would think we were at the Future music festival rather than competing in track and field events! Russ even put together a small clip of Ragdoll Runners to dance music … doof, doof, doof, doof, doof …
Some of the cooler features this game has, is that you can race against up to 3 friends on the same PC, race against others best online times or even race to beat yourself! You can race against the shadow of your best race.
Like I said, the controls are virtually impossible to master, which is what makes the game so much fun. It is extremely addictive and good for all ages. One Steam comment sums up the game perfectly, you can race 10 times and fail 9 making that successful run so much more satisfying when you hit the finish line.
Want to grab the game cheap? Check out Kinguin for the cheapest Ragdoll Runners Steam keys.


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How to become a first aid trainer
Teaching first aid and CPR skills can be a rewarding & useful experience. In addition, the demand for first aid courses is high due to health & safety requirements in various countries (for example, the first aid at work regulations in the United Kingdom).
So how easy is it to become a first aid trainer? There are a number of different routes which you can take detailed below.
The voluntary sector
The three main voluntary aid societies in the United Kingdom run their own first aid trainer courses & programmes. Typically, this involves being a first aid volunteer for a period of time then progressing onto training first aid.
The American Red Cross also has an instructor training programme.
Outside of the United Kingdom, many Red Cross societies in other countries run first aid instructor training. You can find out the contact details for your own Red Cross society here.
Private companies
Many private companies run their own trainer training courses for first aid instructors. In the UK, the Association of First Aiders has a comprehensive directory of first aid training companies. Otherwise, a quick search on Google can find training companies in your area.
It is important to research thoroughly any course before handing over any money. Find out if the qualifications being offered are externally validated. Are there any reviews from previous customers? Does the company appear to have a good track record? Be wary of any companies offering 'short courses' or massive discounts.
Finally ensure you have the appropriate knowledge before undertaking any first aid trainer courses, many will require you to have an existing first aid qualification and be confident in the skills you've been taught.


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Moving pictures: Francis Bacon and the movement-image
Rogers, Molly Paule
Dillon, Diane
Master of Arts
The English painter Francis Bacon had a specific interest in the cinema. From this interest, though not independent of his other artistic concerns, arises two aspects of Bacon's images that relate to the cinematic medium: the sense of movement that the paintings engender, and the strong affect that they have on spectators. Bacon conceived of his images cinematically, that is, in series, and employed the technique of Eisensteinian montage with each panel of his triptychs functioning as a shot. Further, the spectator experiences Bacon's imagery both as presenting and representing movement, a condition of all cinema, and in a deeply affective manner, characteristic of certain film images such as the close-up. In short, Bacon's paintings are experienced phenomenologically in a manner similar to motion pictures.
Art history


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Parsing the Polls on the Ohio Senate Race
Two polls came out this week in the hotly contested Ohio Senate race. The first, which was conducted by Mason-Dixon Polling & Research, showed Sen. Mike DeWine (R) with a 47 percent to 36 percent lead over Rep. Sherrod Brown (D). The second, conducted by Brown campaign pollster Diane Feldman, showed the Democrat with a 45 percent to 44 percent edge.
The surveys were in the field at nearly the same time (April 24-26 for Mason-Dixon, April 24-27 for Feldman) and had similar sample sizes (625 likely voters for Mason-Dixon, 800 likely voters for Feldman).
So, what gives?
This week's Parsing the Polls is dedicated to trying answer that question.
Let's start with an apples-to-apples comparison of how these surveys were conducted and a bit of background on the two survey firms.
First, the background. Mason-Dixon has been one of the nation's leading independent polling organizations for several decades. According to Mason-Dixon's Web site, it has conducted survey research for more than 250 news organizations and has regularly polled in every state since 1983.
Larry Harris of Mason-Dixon said the firm has worked in Ohio for decades and pointed to its polling in the 2004 presidential race in the state as evidence of its accuracy. In its final poll conducted in this central presidential battleground, Mason-Dixon showed President George W. Bush with a 48 percent to 46 percent edge over John Kerry; after the votes were counted, Bush had achieved a 51 percent to 49 percent victory. (A number of other independent pollsters had Kerry leading Bush by several points in Ohio heading into Election Day.)
Feldman, for her part, is handling the polling not just for Brown's Senate race but also for Rep. Ted Strickland's (D) gubernatorial campaign. When television personality Jerry Springer was weighing a challenge to Sen. George Voinovich (R) in 2003, he hired Feldman (along with pollster Paul Maslin) to test the viability of his candidacy. Feldman was also part of the Democratic National Committee's "Ohio Election Task Force," a group convened following the 2004 election to examine potential voting irregularities in the Buckeye State.
In short, both firms have sterling credentials in the state.
Now, onto the methodology the two firms used to arrive at their results. (Stay with me because this goes deep into the weeds of survey research.)
Feldman used the voter file to compile her her polling sample; Mason-Dixon used random digit dialing.
Each method has its pros and cons. Using the voter file ensures that the people interviewed have actually voted in past elections and gives a pollster a good chance of developing a tight screen of who will vote in traditionally low turnout races. But not every person in the voter file has a listed phone number, nor is every person in the voter file guaranteed to vote again -- some may have died or moved from the state since the file was last updated.
The major advantage for random digit dialing is that it allows a pollster to reach a wider swath of people, including those with unlisted phone numbers. But random digit dialing makes it harder to determine who actually answers the phone in a household -- i.e. is the person of voting age, a registered voter or are they honest about their voting history.
Another major difference between the two surveys is how the firms ensure that their sample is reflective of the geography and past voting patterns in the state. Feldman uses a technique called "cluster sampling" to ensure proper racial and ethnic diversity. In cluster sampling, voters who live in a specific area are broken into groups of 30 or so. The person making the calls must reach one (and only one) person in each cluster; the goal is to contact hard-to-reach voters (especially the poor) to get the most representative sample possible.
Mason-Dixon relies on its past work in the state to determine how to determine the racial and geographic mix of its sample. As Harris puts it, "If I don't have a certain minority population from Cuyahoga County [Cleveland], I am going to be so wrong it's embarrassing. We know what that number should be."
What do these differences in methodology mean? They point to the fact that political polling is both an art and a science. The science end is easily understandable -- a certain amount of people are polled producing results and a margin of error in which those results fall. But determining who should be surveyed and how many of those people make the cut is the trick.
In 2004 -- when Bush and Kerry waged an all-out campaign for Ohio -- 5.7 million people turned out to vote. Two years earlier, in the first midterm election of Bush's presidency, just 3.2 million Ohioans voted. Most observers agree that turnout in 2006 will be higher than 2002 but lower than 2004. But how much higher? Or how much lower? The art of polling is figuring out the answer to that question.
The results on Election Day will let us grade which pollsters had it right. Until then, we wait and speculate. Speaking of which, speculate away about the Ohio race and the two polls we are comparing in the comments section below.
One other note: Some political pros are dismissive of surveys conducted by partisan pollsters. After all, wouldn't the pollster charged with electing Brown to the Senate have a vested interest in releasing numbers that show him ahead? Yes and no.
Partisan pollsters are working to elect candidates, but a major part of that equation is producing accurate numbers to help guide campaigns to victory. It doesn't serve their interests to cook up numbers that are entirely misleading to their clients and could hamper their ability to attract top-tier races in future cycles.
We'll explore this subject more deeply in a future post.
Chris Cillizza
May 3, 2006; 10:50 AM ET
Categories: Parsing the Polls , Senate
Save & Share: Previous: Ohio Primary Results: Good News For Dems?
Next: Chatting With The Fix: Damage Control Time for Sen. Allen?
Uh...Contrarian Genius,
the polls were taken during the week, not the weekend.
Posted by: Correct Genius | May 5, 2006 10:51 AM | Report abuse
As a professional political operative, I'm disappointed that The Fix overlooks the obvious flaw; any poll conducted over a weekend of "likely" voters is flawed, by a mean of about 7-9 percent (trends higher in the south). Basically, a "likely" voter is an adult with above average mobility, a commitment to, for example, taking an hour off work to vote; in the most plainspoken terms, likely voters are extraordinarily unlikely to be home over the weekend to answer a pollster's questions, regardless of methodology of selection, questioning or dialing.
Posted by: The Contrarian Genius | May 4, 2006 5:04 PM | Report abuse
This further proves my feeling that Rahm Emmanuel, Chuck Schumer and the rest of the pipe-hitting Big D Mafia are spineless Toads for threatening Hackett with political cement shoes.
Let's not forget that prior to the Hackett Shakedown, the UAW endorsed him over Brown.. a huge slap for the Union-friendly Brown. Somebody didn't like it, threw a hissy fit, and now the Dems can look forward to six more years of DeWine.
Folks, this is Ohio: DeWine will flog Gay Marraige and a host of other red meat issues and will edge out Brown in the end.
You can't buy, produce, triangulate, poll, package or paint on what people like Hackett have. Brown's going to find this out the hard way.
Posted by: Vicenzo | May 4, 2006 10:53 AM | Report abuse
An interesting exercise is to review election results and polls done close to an election.
Mason Dixon/Plain Dealer
April 21-24
Blackwell 50%
Petro 29%
margin 21%- almost double actual results
Flannery 11%
Strickland 64%
margin 53%- close
Final Primary Results
Blackwell 56%
Petro 44%
margin 12%
Flannery 20%
Strickland 80%
margin 60%
And the winner in pre-election predictions-
Columbus Dispatch
April 30
Blackwell 56%
Petro 44%
margin 12%- Dead on
Flannery 14%
Strickland 86%
margin 62%- off by 2 pts
Posted by: RMill | May 3, 2006 3:36 PM | Report abuse
As important or more so than the snapshot poll numbers are trends.
Survey USA
US Senate Approval Ratings
Date-------- Feb Mar Apr
DeWine (R)* 43% 46% 48%
DeWines' approval numbers have been on a slight but steady upswing since Feb.
Date-------- Feb 16 Mar 28 Apr 19
DeWine(R)* 46% 45% 43%
Brown (D) 37% 42% 41%
This trend is not reflected in the polling numbers, which show a slight but steady decline in Rasmussen polls.
Other polls
DeWine (R)* 37%
Brown (D) 45.9%
Mason Dixon/Plain Dealer
April 21-24
DeWine (R)* 47%
Brown (D) 36%
These show almost opposite results one month apart.
Final results from Tuesday's primary showed both candidates easily defeating their unknown opposition, with Brown getting 75% and DeWine 71% respectively.
Zogby polls are done by web, which some have criticized the methods. Methodology can play a large role in results. Columbus Dispatch does mail-in surveys. And then the traditional phone polls, which miss many people who have gone wireless.
Also make sure to check error rates and who and how many people are sampled.
Zogby +/- 3.5% error; ?
Rasmussen +/- 4.5%; 500 likely voters
Mason Dixon +/- 4%; 625 frequent voters
How are likely/frequent voters identified? Is sample size sufficient representation of total population.
What all this information tells me is that the race is likely to be very close, within 5 points and that while general feelings towards the incumbant Senator are below 50%, they are on a decided upswing but that has not translated broadly to specific match up questions.
It also tells me that this race will not be decided by likely voters, but those on the fringe that are drawn out for other issues and candidates, who will vote in this race.
Will there be a high level of conservative evangelicals who will come out for the Republican gubernatorial candidate and who not be disappointed in the incumbants track record enough to vote for him?
Will a backlash of anti-scandal, anti-GOP sentiment cause independents to swing to the Democratic candidate, especially with the moderate Democratic Governor candidate?
Both candidates will be well funded, with the incumbant having an edge but probabaly not enough to make much difference.
Posted by: RMill | May 3, 2006 3:28 PM | Report abuse
I agree with Will in Seattle
That digit dialing does not include cell phones. And this tends to be younger voter who lately have been titling towards democrats. So I think some of the polls are skewed towards republicans. If the republicans are scared now from what they see in the polls wait till election night in 6 months.
"oh and digit dialing still doesn't pick up cell phones. people with no land lines are furious right now, "
Posted by: Polling Fraud | May 3, 2006 3:04 PM | Report abuse
I think CJ sums it up pretty well. Anytime I see one poll that is way off the others in the field I sort of discount it. I think they do tell us though that this race is gonna be close. Brown is going to paint Dewine as a Bush lackey and hope for W's poll number nose dive to take him down too. Not to bad a strategy if things keep up like they are now.
Posted by: Andy R | May 3, 2006 2:49 PM | Report abuse
Great post.
Thanks explaining why two polling firms come up with almost contradictory results. But, the problem is when the public sees these type of polls contradict each other they start thinking all the polls are invalid. (Maybe that is what the political stategist is trying to do?) The reputation of polling has still not recovered from the exit poll errors that occured in the 2000 Presidential Bush-Gore race.
Posted by: Polling Fraud | May 3, 2006 2:42 PM | Report abuse
The most recent Rasmussen poll (4/19) has it 43-41 for DeWine with a 4.5 MOE. It also has 11% undecided. Their 3 month average shows it 45-40. Most of the polling I have seen has had this race consistently in the MOE, so I find M-D's poll hard to believe. I think the race will be close and decided at the end. Moderates may decide to split their vote and vote Strickland and DeWine. Strickland is definitely the moderate in the governors race.
Posted by: CJ | May 3, 2006 1:51 PM | Report abuse
oh and digit dialing still doesn't pick up cell phones. people with no land lines are furious right now, so don't be surprised - look for polls with a door-to-door precinct level comparison check if you want the real picture.
Posted by: Will in Seattle | May 3, 2006 1:46 PM | Report abuse
Well, Chris, you blew it on the main blog today when you pretended the GOP has a chance to retain either the Senate or the House.
Go with your gut, man. There's a tidal wave coming, and the survivors will be few and far between.
Also, watch MT and WA for some major slaughter.
Posted by: Will in Seattle | May 3, 2006 1:45 PM | Report abuse
Nice clear explanation. Problems with telephone polling date right back to the Literary Digest poll of 1936, when Alf Landon carried the phone-owners but not the voters.
But with so many houses using more than one line, how does random calling avoid duplication? And with cell phones so common, how do they avoid calling up a lot of sullen teens and/or harassed freeway drivers?
Posted by: Kakuzan | May 3, 2006 1:19 PM | Report abuse
The polling shows a tight race getting tighter. Diane Feldman was Paul Wellstone's only pollster. I worked with her on the first two campaigns ('90 & '96), and her early numbers provided us with a roadmap for turning out key base voters and persuading the undecideds. The M-D numbers in both races consistently slanted Republican and predicted a significant Wellstone loss in the 1990 race. In both races Feldman's numbers were right and M-D was way off. The methodology only goes so far, it's how campaigns turn out base and target persuable voters. Feldman's Ohio clients would be wise to closely follow her numbers. One of the last things Wellstone said to me in 2002 was that he was not worried about the close polls, because Diane's numbers were always better and were proven on two election days.
Posted by: Scott | May 3, 2006 1:09 PM | Report abuse
I think the underhanded way the Democrats in Ohio kicked Paul Hackett out of the chance to run for the Senate is a key reason people gets disgusted with politics.
At a time the Democrats are trying to use Iraq and Afghanistan vets to clobber Republicans, here is a strong leader who might have defeated either Jeanne Schmitt in a Congress rematch or won against DeWine tossed out completely. Now I wonder if Hackett has a good taste of dirty politics with the Democrats?
Posted by: Sally | May 3, 2006 12:36 PM | Report abuse
As a political scientist that has done some polling in my time my initial reaction is that the Feldman approach should "capture" a higher proportion of knowledgable voters and hence have a lower percentage of "undecideds" etc. With random digit dialing the "undecideds" increase and name recognition for a sitting senator gives DeWine his apparent advantage(note both polls give DeWine about the same share). My guess is that the "independent" or no party share of the Mason Dixon poll is higher and these are more undecided. It would be interesting to compare the percentages of support for the two candidates by party identifiers for both polls. I suspect that they would agree.
Posted by: John Bing | May 3, 2006 11:30 AM | Report abuse
As a friend and supporter of Sherrod Brown, I found this article very helpful.
I heard about the M-D poll some time ago; the Feldman numbers were news.
Hazarding a guess, I'd be inclined to accept the M-D numbers.
Having just nominated an extremely conservative candidate for Governor, I would guess Sherrod's numbers go up among those who paint DeWine with the same brush.
But those independents who pick and choose among the candidates may give DeWine credit for a degree of moderation and independence that insulates him from the corruption and incompetence threatening to sweep other statewide Republicans from office.
Sherrod's going to have to work hard to persuade them otherwise, and hope that Ted Strickland, our gubernatorial candidate, keeps his opponent on the defensive as radically out of touch with mainstream Ohioans.
Posted by: Kurt Landefeld | May 3, 2006 11:27 AM | Report abuse
great post - I use similar type polls in my government class to demonstrate the pros and cons of polling - I will use your post as a great explanation of how polls work and why somtimes we should accept them with a grain of salt, especially this early in the election cycle
Thanks for helping to educate my students.
Bobby Wightman-Cervantes
Posted by: Bobby Wightman-Cervantes | May 3, 2006 11:20 AM | Report abuse
Copy of Email that I sent Rasmussen asking about their polling and margin of error. I noticed it when their numbers have been from other polling fims everyday for the last 2 months. After I asked about it, they changed their website so that you can no longer see a running daily poll for every day that month. You can now only see todays poll not yesterdays. It is as if they changed the website to hide their statistical errors.
To Rasmussen Reports Representative:
President Bush Job Approval
Poll Date Approve Disapprove Spread
RCP Average 04/21 - 04/30 35.2% 59.3% -24.1%
USA Today/Gallup 04/28 - 04/30 34% 63% -29%
CBS News 04/28 - 04/30 33% 58% -25%
Rasmussen 04/28 - 04/30 40% 59% -19%
Cook/RT Strategies 04/27 - 04/30 36% 59% -23%
FOX News 04/18 - 04/19 33% 57% -24%
Pew Research 04/07 - 04/16 35% 55% -20%
Gallup 04/10 - 04/13 36% 59% -23%
LA Times/Bloomberg 04/08 - 04/11 39% 57% -18%
CNN/USA Today/Gallup 04/07 - 04/09 37% 60% -23%
Why are your numbers for "Bush Job Approval" so far off from other leading polling firms ? You are +10 points to Fox News ?
How can your numbers be +6 to +10 off ? Rassussen is nowhere close to every leading polling firm in the entire nation. How can your polling be that far off ? What is your margin of error ?
Please respond with an answer.
Your polling seems unreliable.
Posted by: Polling Fraud | May 3, 2006 11:05 AM | Report abuse
The comments to this entry are closed.


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Have you ever wondered what a Märzen/Oktoberfest-ish beer would taste like if it was fermented with an ale yeast rather than a German lager yeast? Fortunately Tim Eichinger at Black Husky Brewing is more than happy to show off his brewing skills with his own seasonal beer, JodlerkönigAle. Fermenting what would otherwise be a Märzen lager with an ale yeast opens up a whole host of new possibilities. In addition to the bready, biscuit, and toasted malts in a Märzen there are now the additional flavors and aromas that fermenting a beer with an ale yeast adds. There are many different ale yeast strains, with many creating fruity, spicy, sour, clove, or earthy characteristics in a finished beer. All that is before even getting into the additional roundness and mellowing of aromas and flavors that many lagers have due to their extended lagering period, or the aromas and flavors that come from simply fermenting an ale yeast at a higher temperature.
Aside from the obvious differences between Jodlerkönig and other fest biers (a shortened term for Oktoberfest bier), it still uses all of the traditional German ingredients that make Oktoberfests an excellent fall bee
As with many Black Husky releases there is no score for Jodlerkönig on either of the two major review sites although another of the local bloggers posted his thoughts a while back, but as a general rule I don't read other beer review blogs so that my personal reviews aren't influenced by their musings.
They Say:
In years past, Milwaukee's German Fest crowned a Jodlerkönig each year. In 1991, Jacob Eichinger won the contest at 10 years old. Jodlerkönig is brewed in the spirit of the German and American fest beers. After all, no fest is complete without a Jodler, so join Harold as he extends Gemütlichkeit to all his friends as they raise a stein of Jodlerkönig.
15 IBUs
Tim adds: It's an ale not a traditional Oktoberfest yeast but it uses all German Pilsner and Munich malts with German and Slovenian hops... I'm a big fan of Styrian Goldings. It's good, in fact I'm drinking one right now, although that's not really relevant.
I Say:
Black Husky Jodlerkönig Ale pours a very clear light copper tinged amber with a thick, small bubbled head with a slight soapy breakup. The head holds moderate retention, fading back to a collar on the edges of the glass within 5 minutes and leaving heavy lacing behind in the glass. Toasted and biscuit malts make up the front end of the aroma with a hint of light caramel as well as herbal and earthy hops rounding out the back end. The aroma is pleasantly malty without going over the top, right around where it needs to be to still stay relative to what everyone expects out of a good fest bier.
Toasted and biscuit malts come to the forefront in the flavor transitioning to light caramel malts, and a smooth blend of floral and earthy hops. The flavor takes a fruity turn with notes of red plums and figs, likely from the use of ale yeast. The fruity flavors mingle with toasted malts in the finish, and aftertaste. Jodlerkönig is moderately malty with a moderately low level of hop bitterness. It is just on the high end of being medium bodied with a moderate level of carbonation. As with any good fest bier, Jodlerkönig is smooth, rich, and malty with just enough hop bitterness to balance out the malts so that it is it not cloyingly sweet.
The subtle caramel notes and the fruity red plum and fig esters in Jodlerkönig aren't necessarily at place in a fest bier, but a lot of the additional aroma and flavor notes, or at least the fruity flavor notes, likely came from fermentation using an ale yeast rather than a traditional Oktoberfest lager yeast. They might have come from the malt, but based upon the available information, the stone fruit in the flavor seems unlikely.
Whether the fruity notes belong in a fest bier or not is unimportant here however. The real question we should be asking is, is this a great fall beer, and in the case of Jodlerkönig, the answer is a definitive yes. As with many of the beers that come out of Black Husky, Jodlerkönig is technically not to style, however that makes it no less delicious! There will still be bottles of Jodlerkönig in select liquor stores around Wisconsin for a while yet so be sure to head out and pick up a bottle of this year's batch while you still can.
That's all for tonight, remember to check back soon for my next review!
Happy Drinking!!


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A brief look at the contemporary art and music scene in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
3 Days in Angkor Wat, Cambodia
3 Days in Angkor Wat – Cambodia from Serge Maheu. Some footages from my visit at Angkor Wat, Cambodia. Shot on 3 days in February 2012. Music credit: beautifil song by Cinematic Orchestra feat. Patrick Watson ("Build a Home").
5 Fascinating Historical Sites in Southeast Asia
1. Borobudur / Prambanan, Indonesia Off the main tourist backpacking route of Southeast Asia are a set of temples on the island of Java, Indonesia, near Yogyakarta that are worth a visit. Though Borobudur and Prambanan are two separate temples and even dedicated to different religions, I'll group them together because of their close proximity. […]
10 Must-See Destinations for Backpackers in Southeast Asia
This is a guest post by Will Peach. outheast Asia casts an allure like no other. From pristine beaches to bustling cities and everything in between, this magical part of the world is hugely popular with backpackers the world over. Picking a top 10 of must-see destinations from Southeast Asia is no easy feat. In […]
10 Mouthwatering National Dishes from Southeast Asia
1. Indonesia – Nasi Padang Due to the vast spread out archipelago of Indoneisa, it's almost impossible to label a real national dish for the entire country. I've just gone ahead and mentioned a normal everyday meal of Nasi Padang that consists of a plate of rice topped with a choice of dishes. When I was […]
Photo Favorite: Ratanakiri Breakdown
We were left to swelter for an hour under the mid-day Cambodian sun.
Video of Cambodia and Laos
Photo Favorite: Sunset at Boeung Kak Lake
Video: A Journey Through Asia
_ If you've ever traveled through Southeast Asia (Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam), then this video is sure to bring back memories.
Photo Essay: The Temples of Angkor
Visiting Angkor is a highlight for most visitors to Cambodia and Southeast Asia.


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Re: Mother of God. What happened to my bike [pic]
Posted: Thu Dec 01, 2016 4:07 pm
martinko wrote:wingguy wrote:Shrike wrote:Too tired last night to search the link for a part, will try today. Emailed Workswell to see if they had a spare part..
On any major brand that would be a warranty frame replacement.
It might not be, because carbon frames tend to have it forbidden to use them with indoor trainer.
This might be one of the reasons why. I have never thought why should there be a such problem.
To be fair, a neo isn't an ordinary trainer that clamps by compressing the skewer.


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A taxpayer is not entitled to deduct any expenses for the use of his home for business purposes unless they are attributable to a portion of the home (or separate structure) used exclusively and
on a regular basis as:
* The taxpayer's principal place of business
* A place of business that is used by patients, clients, or
customers in meeting or dealing with the taxpayer in the normal
course of business.
This has generally been interpreted to require that the customers, patients, or clients actually visit the home office in person to satisfy the "meeting or dealing" test.
The Tax Court recently gave hope to those who use their home office only for telephone contact with customers. However, the Court cautioned that, in most situations, telephone contacts will
not satisfy the statutory requirements of "dealing" in the ordinary course of business.
In the present situation, the Tax Court allowed a deduction to a realty executive who used his home office in the evenings to conduct business via the telephone because:
* His employer required him to take telephone calls from clients
in the evenings (he spent 80% of his regular work day in the
* The calls were regular and continuous, consuming, on an
average, more than two hours, five evenings each week.
* The taxpayer set aside a room as an office which he used as a
place of business exclusively for taking the calls and keeping
files and information needed for handling them.
* The calls were initiated by his customers who could not reach
him during the day.
* Handling the calls at his home was essential to the effective
discharage of his duties as an employee and to his employer's
* The home office was for the convenience of the employer.
While the decision is by no means a far-reaching change in interpretation, executives, professionals and others with responsibilities similar to the real estate executive, who regularly communicate with clients after business hours, should find this decision helpful for claiming a home office deduction.


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Consuming different kinds of food is definitely satisfying to the palate. But sometimes too much of a good thing can be bad. Feeding your body too much can sometimes be bad especially if you are trying to avoid hair loss. In this article, we listed the most common food that can cause hair problems.
Fried Foods
Food that contains high-fat and hydrogenated oils may trigger hair loss. Studies have linked monounsaturated and saturated fat to increased testosterone levels. This can cause a higher level of Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a testosterone related with male pattern baldness.
Refined Carbohydrates
Foods made with refined carbohydrates such as cakes, biscuit and white flour are all high in sugar and low in fiber. When these are ingested, it is often directed to limit the body's natural stress-busting functions. Stress is a major contributing factor of hair loss. If stress easily occurs, it can cause hair growth problems.
Foods Rich of Selenium
Selenium is a micro-mineral that contains antioxidant properties. A review by Margaret Rayman, a Professor of Nutritional Medicine at the University of Surrey, shows that selenium is responsible for hair fall while the National Institute of Health recommends adults to only consume 55 micrograms of selenium a day. Foods with the higher selenium are chicken, beef liver, egg, spinach, boneless turkey, canned sardines.
Dairy Products
Dairy products such as milk contains chemicals that can disrupt the balance of your hormones that can cause an overgrowth of skin cells, blocking pores and trapping the bacteria. It also means that epidermis plaque is more likely to build up on the scalp causing follicle miniaturization and thinning hair.
Keep in mind that diet and hair loss are related to one another. That's why it's important to add specific vitamins and minerals to your diet to avoid hair loss. In addition, hair loss can be caused by more factors than just the food that you eat. It could be stress, aging or even the products that you use for your hair. So as you can control what you eat, always choose healthier and stricter diet and remember to always eat with moderation.


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I've got a VPN between two networks, one home and one office (A and B). Their subnets are: (A) 192.168.1.0 and (B) 192.168.0.0
The two networks have identical ADSL routers. Unfortunately these can only do dial-out VPN. So I've got a Windows 2008 server on Network B acting as a VPN server (ServerB). Network A's router (RouterA) passes through Network B's router and connects via PPTP to ServerB. RouterA is assigned the static IP 192.168.0.40 on Network B.
There's a persistent static route on ServerB telling it to use 0.40 for all requests to Network A's subnet, 192.168.1.0. (route -p add 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.40). This enables ServerB to ping all machines on A (and those machines to ping ServerB).
The VPN connection occasionally drops (I'm not sure why - it's set to remain always on and seems to drop randomly). This wouldn't be too much of a problem, as it reconnects automatically and quickly, except that when it does reconnect, the static route on ServerB no longer works.
Route print (on ServerB) shows that the persistent static route still exists. However a tracert to a machine on Network A doesn't use the static route; it tries instead to use ServerB's default gateway (which is RouterB), and fails to find the machine.
Deleting and re-adding the static route fixes the problem - a tracert uses the static route. At the moment, a batch file to delete and re-add the static route is scheduled to run every day. But this is clearly far from an ideal solution!
I hope that's not too confusing. Any help would be very much appreciated.


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News & Events
Press releases
October (21st , 2008)
Shrenuj H1 results: Sales growth at ___%, in line with expectations
Consolidated Q-o-Q net sales up ____% to Rs. _____ crs
H1 revenue at Rs. ______ crs
PAT up by ____% to Rs. ____ crs
EPS (not annualized) up to Rs. ____ from Rs. ____ (FV: Rs. 2)
Shrenuj & Company Limited announced a ____% increase in its sales revenue (consolidated) in H1-2008-9 to Rs. _______crores from Rs. ______ crores in corresponding period last year. Net profit registered a growth of ______% to Rs. ____ crores (H1-FY09), up from Rs_______ crores (H1-FY08). The EPS (not annualized) rose to Rs. ____ from Rs. ____ last year. The results were taken on records by the board of directors in their meeting held on 21st October, 2008. The results are in line with the expectations in view of the general economic slowdown in major consuming markets.
The consumers have been cautious in their spends on luxury and lifestyle products worldwide. Vishal Doshi, group executive director, said, "We have a widespread distribution across 13 countries that hedges us against country specific market risks. In the current market scenario, the emerging markets have shown growth as against stagnation in traditional markets. We believe that our presence across multiple countries and in multiple product categories enables us to shift focus as per the market forces. We are quite satisfied with the performance of the company and are confident that we will be able to meet our internal targets by the year end."
Vishal Doshi added, "our efforts in value chain integration have a bearing on our performance. Our focus on downstream activities in jewellery and retail have brought us closer to the end consumers. This has resulted in a demand driven approach in manufacturing, resulting in significant decrease in overheads."


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Get DVD Talk Feeds
The character of Leyton is based upon one Rosa Lewis, a real-life commoner who ended up running the ritzy Cavendish Hotel in London. Hawkesworth takes the basic outlines of Lewis' life and fictionalizes them, giving his imaginary character Louisa a full-blooded backstory and a well-defined character that blossoms fully in Gemma Jones' remarkable performance. To say that Louisa is spunky is a bit of an understatement. The series is rife with episodes of Louisa "speaking out of her place," as when in an early interchange she argues with the French chef she has been hired to assist or when she takes on the household Chief of Staff when she is unfairly accused of inviting a man into her private room. She's not above arguing with members of the nobility as well, as is made abundantly clear throughout the series.
The Duchess of Duke Street traverses a roughly 25 year span, from 1900 to about 1925, following Louisa from her first job as sous-chef in the home of Lord Norton, through trysts with the Prince of Wales and Norton's dashing if rakish nephew, Charlie (an appealing Christopher Cazanove), not exactly sleeping her way up the social register but at least knowing when opportunity was knocking and not being afraid to, shall we say, take the bull by the horns. The fact that Louisa remains such a basically likable character when she is pushy, abrupt, and uppity while at the same time being not very well spoken is testament to Hawkesworth's writing and Jones' acting, both of which are spot-on throughout the 31 episodes.
The Edwardian era in England, that brief decade or so span starting the 20th century after Victoria's long reign, is the background for much of the opening episodes of The Duchess of Duke Street, and the production does an impeccable job of recreating an era of social conformity strangely out of synch with the rapidly changing world around it. It's almost comical at times to see lavish dinner parties attended to by servants clad in Restoration era pantaloons and powdered wigs. From Louisa's viewpoint, however, this is just another opportunity--with class distinctions starting to at least fray around the edges, she's able to subtly worm her way into ever greater positions of authority until she at least has dominion over her own life.
Louisa's trek is not all a bed of roses, however. Her assignations with the future King and Charlie both end in sadness, albeit with a recognition that class distinctions still held sway even as their influence was diminishing. When Louisa is more or less forced to marry in order to deflect attention from her burgeoning affair with Edward, her native instincts kick in and while she recognizes it's not a match made in heaven, or even purgatory, it's necessary for the good of all. Louisa's one nighter with Charlie brings its own set of trials, which I won't spoil here, but which opens a whole new storyline that finds fruition in the second set of episodes, leading to some rather interesting and at times terse relationships toward the end of the series.
The series is a horn of plenty of superb characterizations, not the least of which is Jones'. But all around her some great actors do pitch perfect work in a variety of roles great and small. Chief among the delights is Victoria Plucknett as Mary, who starts the series as a helpless maid in Norton's household but ends up being employed by Louisa herself at the Bentinck Hotel. The hotel itself is home to an array of decidedly eccentric personnel, chief among them Starr, portrayed beautifully by John Cater. Starr is always accompanied by his pet dog, Fred, in one of several slightly off-center additions that evidently were culled from the real Rosa Lewis' life story.
While the physical production isn't opulent by any means (it's usually relegated to one or two fairly well-heeled sets per episode), the era is faithfully recreated in both the set decorations and costuming. While there are a few establishing outdoor shots here and there, this is largely an interior-set show, and while the minimal budget is apparent from time to time, overall the production design does an outstanding job of essaying two-plus decades of changing styles.
While some of the comings and goings may be deemed a trifle melodramatic, for the most part the series is decidedly low key, with the subtle interplay of superbly drawn characters providing the gist of most of the drama. The few episodes where an "outsider" interlopes and causes some episodic friction are actually some of the weakest of the entire enterprise. The strength of this series is the core of central characters and the show's strongest moments are built around those everyday dramas that unfold when people have known each other for years and gone through various changes and struggles together. When the series concentrates on these instances, as it does almost all of the time, it provides a matchless entertainment that is spun out of the truths of the human spirit's indomitable struggle to survive and, in the case of Louisa, prosper beyond the level her "birthright" (such as it was) would have normally allowed.
This is certainly not a slam-bang, action filled series. It's a somewhat slow, quiet and occasionally meandering journey through one woman's life and times, in an era of rampant social change and a decaying class structure. While there are occasional very slight qualms about individual episodes (including the finale, which just seems to "end" with a freeze frame and no real resolution to speak of), they're very slight indeed when taken in the context of the series as a whole. Those with the patience to allow The Duchess of Duke Street to work its subtle charms will be amply repaid in one of the more engaging pseudo-biographies that has ever lit up the small screen.
The DVD
Video:For the age of the series, things are in pretty good shape overall. The full frame color image has some occasional damage and abrasion, with typical signs of a videotape master. Generally the image is quite sharp, surprisingly so for a British series, with acceptable color. The final episode of the second series ("Ain't We Got Fun") is hampered by some atrocious damage, with a troubling green and red vertical pattern traversing the entire length of the left side of the image for a lot of the episode, but that's as bad as things get here.
Sound:The DD 2.0 soundtrack is absolutely fine, with no noticeable dropouts and superb fidelity. Jones' Cockney accent can be a bit hard to decipher at times, so subtitles would have been helpful, but, alas, none are included here.
Extras:I wish a "real" documentary on Rosa Lewis had been included. Instead we get an OK, if unremarkable, text biography of her, as well as another essay on the Edwardian period itself. There are the usual cast filmographies included, too.
Final Thoughts:The Duchess of Duke Street is an enjoyable and at times thought-provoking series helmed by the simply amazing Gemma Jones as the stalwart Louisa Trotter. The series may be short on the action, and even typical drama, side, but the characters and characterizations are so strong any lover of Masterpiece Theater fare (where this originally aired stateside) will have a field day watching Louisa triumph over rather incredible odds. Highly recommended.
____________________________________________"G-d made stars galore" & "Hey, what kind of a crappy fortune is this?" ZMK, modern prophet


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Men's and Women's Clubs (April thru September)
Lake Cushman Golf Course hosts golf clubs for men, women and couples. This is a great opportunity to meet people and golf with others of your same skill level. You can choose a 9 hole, or an 18 hole club, or play in both. The clubs run April through September and you may join at any time during the season.
The details of each club are outlined below. If you are not an annual member of Lake Cushman Golf Course, then green fees will apply on your club golfing days (see our "Specials" page for punch card rates).
You will earn an official handicap through the Golf Handicap and Information Network (GHIN)*.
Monday Night Couples (May thru September)
Monday Night Couples is a fun, diverse group of golfers who play a 9-hole, mixed couples foursome scramble format starting at 4:30 each Monday (excluding holidays). The league is currently facilitated by Cheryl Ulrich, and sign-up in the pro shop prior to 1:00 PM on Monday is required in order to participate. We welcome all skill levels, and play is handicapped to make it equitable for all. We also try to schedule at least three pot-luck dinners after play during the summer season (mid-May through September). Details for play are as follows:
- Sign up is limited to the first 40 couples (even number of couples required).
- Deadline for sign up, or cancellation is 1:00 PM on the Monday of play.
- Check-in with facilitator and pay $5.00 entry fee by 4:15 PM, for play to begin promptly at 4:30 PM (shotgun start).
- Entry fee is $5.00 per couple (greens fees are additional, and payable to the golf shop).
- Cash pay outs for Closest-to-the-pin for men and women on holes #4 and #6 are paid at the end of play.
- The field is divided into flights prior to play for pay outs based on team handicap.
- Players who don't have a USGA handicap are subject to a maximum handicap of 25.
- Format is four person scramble with a two-drive per player requirement. The player whose drive is chosen does not hit the second shot unless it is a par 3 and their drive lands on the green.
- Results are posted in the club room next to the sign-up sheet on Tuesdays, and are also emailed to those who provide their email address to the facilitator.
- Pay out results are emailed to the pro shop by Cheryl on Monday night and posted to credit book accounts by pro shop personnel within the week.
Feel free to contact Cheryl Ulrich at (360) 877-5417 with any questions you may have. We look forward to having you join in on the fun.
Men's 9 Hole Club
The 9 Hole Men's Club meets every Tuesday morning. It's a fun group of golfers. On the last Friday of the month we enjoy lunch in the golf course gazebo together. It's the perfect way to meet your neighbors and enjoy their company.
For the competitive people, we have small rewards for playing well and our optional closest to the pin game every week. In addition, there will be a couple of putting and chipping contests.
We look forward to meeting and playing golf with you.
Day: Friday
Time: 9:00am (until notified otherwise)
Annual Cost: $35
GHIN* Cost: $36
Daily Cost: $2 (optional $1 closet to pin game)
President: Fred Reed
Contact: (360) 877-5505
Men's 18 Hole Club
If you are an experienced player or just learning golf, then our club is for you! We play on Thursdays and look forward to it every week.
If you're new to golf, we will help you learn the rules, etiquette and traditions of this great game. We develop strong friendships and share the challenging experience of golf together.
You will receive an official handicap through the GHIN* system to watch your progress throughout the season.
Day: Thursday
Time: 8:30am
Annual Cost: $75 (includes GHIN* fee of $36)
Daily Cost: $3 (optional $1 closet to the pin game)
President: Steve Nelson
Contact: (360) 877-5505
Women's 9 Hole Club
The Lake Cushman "Lady Niners" Club is a great group that plays on Tuesday mornings!
We are about having fun playing golf and making new friends. We are a club for women of all ages and all skill levels
We will also play with other women's clubs from around the area throughout the year.
If you are interested in joining us, or want any information, please contact Darlene Holzapfel (360) 877-9333.
Day: Tuesday
Time: 9:00am (until notified otherwise)
Annual Cost: $25
GHIN* Cost: $36
Daily Cost: $3 (optional .25 cents for chip-ins and closet to the pin)
Captain: Evelyn Larsen
Contact: (360) 877-5505
Women's 18 Hole Club
We are a group of ladies who golf on Wednesday mornings. We enjoy the game of golf, and the friendships we make with the women in our club. We encourage you to come out and join us.
We have our Club Championship, an Invitational, where we invite other women's clubs to come and play at our course. We provide a luncheon and prizes following the event. We have away games at other clubs throughout the season too. Many of our members also belong to the 9 Hole Women's Club.
Our goal is to provide a great game, plus the pleasure of playing on our super course.
Day: Wednesday
Time: 9:00am (changes to 8:30am later in the season)
Annual Cost: $75 (includes GHIN* fee of $36)
Daily Cost: $3.25
Captain: Karen Botts
Contact: (360) 877-5505
* GHIN – Golf Handicap and Information Network


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id: 153
City: Geneva
Category: Sale
Type of realty: Other
Meters: 120 м2
Num. of rooms / facilities: 10
Price: € 2 300 000 CHF
Параметр N:
It is located in the historical center of Geneva, near public transport station, railway station. Over the years, has acquired a prestigious reputation that provides excellent occupancy throughout the year.The commercial premise is located on 2 levels, consists of a hall, the main spacious and the second small hall with a cozy bar, kitchen, ancillary facilities.The restaurant includes 50 seats inside + 80 - on the open terrace (with an area of 100 square meters).The object was leased out for a long time, the return on invested capital when lending 60% of the value of the object - 9%. The possibility of financing Swiss banks - up to 60% for 20 years at 2.1 - 2.8% per annum.


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Yahoo Site Explorer has now come out with a badge for publishers & bloggers to show the amount of incoming links as tracked by Yahoo Site Explorer.
Add a live badge to your blog or website that queries Site Explorer for the number of links to your site or page on the web. Select the type of link counts you want, the size and look of the badge and then cut and paste the code to your web site.
Yahoo is offering two different badge sizes and the option of posting incoming links to the entire site or individual page. Yahoo Site Explorer
Yahoo!, Site Explorer, Link Badge