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Is Florida a Jim Crow state under the leadership of Gov. Scott?
By Roger Caldwell
Leading up to the election of 2014, Governor Rick Scott will continue to run Florida as a Jim Crow state. In 2012, former President Clinton said, "There has never been in my lifetime, since we got rid of the poll tax and all the Jim Crow burdens on voting, the determined effort to limit the franchise that we see today." Clinton was giving a speech and he was referring to the Republican governors and legislators who are "disciplined, passionate, and determined to keep young people, minorities, and progressives from voting in 2014."
There is a saying, "Those who fail to understand history are doomed to repeat it." From 1896 to 1954, for 58 years, separate but equal was constitutional and Blacks were considered second class citizens. Before Plessy vs. Ferguson, during reconstruction, Blacks were voting, getting elected to legislatures, building businesses, and allowed to interface with whites.
Once the Supreme Court al-lowed separate but equal facilities in the country with Plessy vs. Ferguson, the law helped implement Jim Crow laws, and a high rate of lynching was started throughout the south. Since most of the African Americans lived in the south the majority of states that passed these laws were former Confederate states, and Florida was one. During 1896 to 1904, Black voters were completely eliminated from the voter rolls in many of these states.
In 2013, our Governor Scott is trying again to change and alter the voting rolls by eliminating African Americans and Hispanics from the voter rolls. Gov. Scott is calling his plan "Project Integrity," but everyone knows that the goal is to purge the voters' rolls and make the voting process less accessible to minorities. Much of this new purging of voting rolls reminds minorities of the old Jim Crow laws.
During the Jim Crow period, southern legislatures passed laws of racial segregation, and in 2013 Republican governors and legislatures are passing laws which discriminate against minorities. Now there is no more lynching, but in 2013, there is the prison system, and they fire you from your job if you speak up concerning an injustice.
Back in 2012, Governor Scott overturned past state laws, and stopped convicted felons from voting once they served their time and finished their probation period. Also there has been numerous shooting of Black youth and men in the state, and it makes you think when lynching was allowed in certain counties in the early 1900's. Trayvon Martin was killed and George Zimmerman was allowed to walk free, because of the Stand Your Ground Law.
There is a fundamental change taking place in 2013, and Governor Scott wants voter turnout to drop drastically. In the next months minorities can expect our governor to try to implement ID laws, and develop new laws to limit new voter registration.
Governor Scott may hold press conferences and tell the public that he is standing up for the integrity of the election process, but that is not true. He is really erecting roadblocks for minorities, and working to change the demographics on the voter rolls. If minorities and liberal lawyers don't speak up and expose discrimination, Florida voting rolls will be controlled by antiquated Jim Crow laws.


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The Sick Child, 1885−86
Edvard Munch experienced both success and scandal with the breakthrough The sick child.
A sickbed. The composition is simple, with the main motif placed centrally and in the foreground of the picture. Details are toned down to allow certain conspicuous elements to stand out: the girl's head against the white pillow, the bent neck of the woman and the point of contact between the two. The painting is generally regarded as Edvard Munch's breakthrough, demonstrating his turn towards a more personal and emotionally-charged form of expression. The picture is often associated with the loss of his elder sister, Sophie, who died of tuberculosis in 1877. Sick girls and dying children were, moreover, a popular subject for many of the more realistically-oriented painters of the period.
Farewell to realism
Munch himself described the picture as his farewell to realism. With its materiality and sketchy style it stands out from the more crystalclear, true-to-life realism that dominated among Munch's contemporaries. Thickly applied layers of paint occur alongside thin, trickling stripes, pastose brushstrokes with scratch marks and surface abrasions. Attention is drawn to the picture's physical surface and its means of production. It appears sketchy and unfinished, as if the artist had halted work in the midst of the creative process. Here Munch makes an earnest bid to become master of the "unfinished" artwork.
Scandal and success
The work was first shown at the National Annual Autumn Exhibition in 1886, although on that occasion it bore the title Study. The painting's unconventional aspects prompted outrage and indignation, although it also attracted a degree of approval. The scandal ensured the painting's success and its enduring position as one of the best known and most discussed of Munch's works. In due course he painted no less than six versions of the motif. Initially the National Gallery acquired a later version, thanks to a bequest from Olaf Schou in 1909. But in 1931 this was exchanged for Munch's first version of the painting from 1885–86. Schou's picture is now in the Göteborg Museum of Art.
Explore The Sick Child in the National Museum digital collection

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Product Description
Regular use of contents of Ecotique's Cell Rejuvenation Kit can show multiple improvements on skin. It helps 'keep your skin look younger for longer'.
For external use only.
Product Specification:
|Age Group
|Application Area
|Face and Body
|Revitalizes and energizes for optimal skin, keeps skin firm, gives more vibrant and radiant skin and helps remove effect of aging.
|Best way to use
|Use anti ageing cream once in day, saffron oil once in day (after shower or at nights) Use Coconut & Green Tea scrub and Indian Spice pack once or twice in a week.
|Best Results of Application
|In 3 to 4 applications
|Skin Type
|All Skin Types. Recommended for Dry to Normal skin.
|Natural and Ecocert compliant ingredients
|90% to 100%
|Active Ingredients
|Coconut Oil, Green Tea, Turmeric, Honey, Rose extract, Karanja seeds Oil, Saffron strands, Argan oil, Peepal extract


text:
Your browser does not support iframes.
To the editor:
What has happened to Supply? I have wonderful childhood memories of this small town. Now we have some property and a temporary vacation home here, and we have been sadly hurt by the scum that now occupy this area.
Our home has been broken into more than six (I have since lost count) times. We have been told there is a drug problem where we have a place (Little Macedonia Road). Why have authorities not taken action to get rid of this hazard?
To the editor:
Ref: In response to the Ken Drennan letter in Aug. 15 edition of the Beacon.
I'm glad the Chicago Thuggery Machine (as mentioned in your letter last week) won the White House.
I don't think the country could have survived another four years of Republican control. Two wars started by the Republicans, generating billions of dollars for the greedy and nothing but grief and sorrow for the families of all those brave soldiers who were killed and wounded. My heart goes out to each and every one of them.
To the editor:
I was very disappointed to read in the Aug. 2 edition of the Beacon that Caroline Curran was leaving your fine staff. She was the best, in my humble opinion.
As the late, great Edward R. Murrow used to say: "Good night, and good luck, Caroline!"
Michael L. Bulman
Spartanburg, S.C.
It's a completely different place.
It's not so sad to go there anymore.
Even the dogs are better behaved in their kennels.
Volunteers are making a world of difference.
These are things people are saying about changes at the county animal shelter.
In July, the Brunswick County Sheriff's Office took over operations and renamed the agency Brunswick County Animal Protective Services.
It was clear early on things were going to be different.
To the editor:
Wednesday nights in Sunset Beach this summer have provided great entertainment. Music, food and dancing was brought to attendees by a group of merchants in Sunset Beach while offering six nonprofits the opportunity to introduce themselves and their cause to the community.
Attendees have been introduced to The First Tee, Sunset Beach Turtle Patrol, American Legion, Brunswick Family Assistance, Street Reach and Paws-Ability.
To the editor:
I am appalled at the passage of North Carolina legislature's Senate Bill 820 that legalizes hydro-fracking in this state. It appears this is a "done deal" for the following reasons:
1. Ray Covington has been appointed to the "conservationist" seat on the fracking board. He owns N.C. Oil & Gas, which is bribing landowners with bonus payments and royalties if they let him drill on their land. This smacks of conflict of interest to me, as his company stands to make mega-bucks on fracking operations.
To the editor:
Sunset Beach needs to act immediately to ensure the safety of people on the beach.
Occasionally, emergency vehicles cannot leave over one dune and have difficulty crossing another. Disabled people using golf carts are not assured safe passage over the dunes on those accesses.
For 10 years, the town let mountains of sand build up over the wood ramps on the emergency accesses at the east end and near the gazebo. Usage is no longer guaranteed.
To the editor:
Come Nov. 6, the congressional cones of uncertainty and silence will change with vigor. The Chicago thugs will be out on their ears to include their well-documented intimidation techniques.
To the editor:
My husband and I were sorry to read about Caroline Curran leaving the Beacon for new ventures across the river; however, all good things must end and we certainly wish her well.
Caroline is the most professional and thorough journalist I have ever known. We always read everything she writes. Caroline stands on her principles and freedom of information laws, which are her area of expertise.
To the editor:
For nearly 50 years, the town of Sunset Beach has had a town government and staff. During that time, town officials worked together to achieve goals.
Certainly there must have been differences of opinion among them. There were probably even some heated discussions, but in the end, a vote was taken, a decision was made, and people put their individual differences aside to work for the good of Sunset Beach. Town officials spoke positively of Sunset Beach and supported the staff's efforts to implement council's decisions and goals.
Copyright © 2019
The Brunswick Beacon is your source for local news, sports, events and information in Brunswick County, North Carolina and surrounding areas.


text: At LegalDocsPro our privacy policy is that we respect your privacy and we will not sell or distribute your e-mail address to anyone ever. We only collect your first name and e-mail address so that we can send you our weekly newsletter with legal tips and tricks for California and Federal litigation. We DO NOT sell or rent our list to anyone!


text:
High Skills, High Wages 2008-2018: Washington's Strategic Plan for Workforce Development
Author(s): No individual author identified.
Organizational Author(s): Workforce Training and Education Coordinating Board, State of Washington
Funding Source:
Workforce Training and Education Coordinating Board, Washington
Resource Availability: Publicly available
Provides a plan for Washington's workforce, from preparing workers with the education and training needed to land family-wage jobs to supplying industry with a skilled workforce to improve Washington's economy.
"High Skills, High Wages 2008–2018 provided a detailed plan for Washington's workforce, from preparing workers with the education and training needed to land family-wage jobs to supplying industry with a skilled, flexible workforce to move Washington's economy ahead. [It planned] along a 10-year horizon, to [allow] time to make [the] vision of a stronger economy a reality. To get there, [Washington will] coordinate and implement key strategies to boost the state's workforce system, which spans seven state agencies, 18 programs and nearly $900 million in state and federal funds. This plan offered a clear and comprehensive look at [the] state's workforce challenges, and opportunities, with a focus on three key groups: youth, adults, and industry. All play a vital role in [the] economy. Each merits greater attention, especially during an economic downturn" (p.1). (Abstractor: Author and Website Staff)
Major Findings & Recommendations
• An expansion of guidance services in K–12 schools and a scholarship program to incentivize low-income students to complete high school (p.36).
• More opportunities for youth to connect to the workplace through apprenticeships/internships, mentorship programs, and job shadows (p. 40).
• Collaborate with education and social service partners to develop state-level performance measures and targets for reducing the dropout rate (p.43).
• Connect unemployed youth with employment navigators who can provide them with resources and work experience opportunities (p. 46).
• "Provide more financial aid and support services to enable students to enroll and complete at least one year of postsecondary training and receive a credential" (p.53).
• "Establish more industry-based credentials in occupational and general workplace skills demanded by employers for students to complete one year of training" (p. 53).
• "Identify and implement best practices models for working adults to gain further education and training at the workplace, including online learning" (p. 57).
• "Develop better links between Adult Basic Education, English-as-a-Second Language, job preparation, and college-level courses" (p. 57).
• "Expand use of the Food Stamps Education and Training program for customers with the greatest barriers to employment" (p. 63).
• "Enhance employment and training options for targeted populations (people of color, people with disabilities and women), ex-offenders, and veterans" (p. 63).
• Improve workforce development services for individuals with disabilities by building stronger linkages between workforce development services and programs that provide the essential support services many individuals with disabilities need to participate in the workforce (p. 64).(Abstractor: Author and Website Staff)
Related Content
Audio PlayerClick here to download file.
Workforce System Strategies Content Information
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text:
Smith Kent v Catherine Meyer/Myer Kent
Quick Entanglement, Divorce in Williams County, Ohio, 1860 – see John Duhamel
By Pamela Pattison Lash (updated 2010)
He made her acquaintance and nine days later he proposed. He thought she was a person of fair and virtuous conduct. He quickly found out that she was not. Love at first sight had put blinders on his common sense.
Smith Kent, b. 1830 OH, the son of Ashford and Nancy Thompson Kent, lived in Springfield Twp, Wms Co, OH according to the 1850 federal census, p103B, as follows: Ashford Kent 64 VA, Nancy 60 OH, Thomas 27 OH, Isaac 22 OH, Smith 20 OH, Elcy 18 OH, David 16 OH, Rachael 15 OH, and Louisa 11 OH. Smith's mother, Nancy, died on 14 Nov 1855 @63Y 7M 10D and was buried in the Beaver Creek Cemetery, Pulaski Twp, Wms Co, OH.
According to his testimony in the Williams County Civil and Criminal Court records (Journal 6 p55 - 27 Nov 1860; Roll 14 case number 114), Smith Kent made the acquaintance of Catherine Meyer on 1 Mar 1859. He proposed and was married to her on 10 Mar 1859, Wms Co (Marriages V3 p49). Catherine turned out in four months time to be "a common prostitute" when on 11 July 1859 she was delivered of a full grown child which was not his, but that of an unknown Besconcon. After the birth of the child Smith abandoned Catherine and had not lived with her since then.
The 1860 Bryan, Pulaski Twp federal census, p181A, bears out this fact that Smith Kent 30 OH was residing with his father Ashford 71 VA and sisters Rachel 24 OH and Louisa 20 OH plus an unnamed female 6/12 IN. Who this child was is not currently known, but presumably she is not the child mentioned in the divorce. The court granted Smith a divorce after listening to the testimony of Polly Shoe, Louisa Kent, and Mrs. Charles Chapman. Catherine did not appear in court nor did she contest this divorce.
In the 1850 Jefferson Twp federal census, p22B, there is a Jacob Myres 50 PA with wife Barbery 39 PA and children including Catherine 15 PA. This may be the one time Catherine Myers Kent, but this needs to be verified. A more likely match was found in the 1860 Stryker, Springfield Twp, Wms Co, OH federal census p56B, a Myer family was listed as John 61 FR, Mary 61 FR, Catherine 22 FR, and Lewis 1 OH. In the 1870 Springfield Twp federal census the Myer family appeared as John 72 FR, Mary A 72 FR, Peter Bruot 33 FR, Lewis 11 OH, Edwin 8 OH, and Catherine 33 FR. Catherine may have married FR native John Duhamel in 1883, but this needs to be further investigated.


text:
lilchris14 wrote:good intention but wrong site man...
this site for those who has a legit copy... and you'll be ban... next time try to check the rules first... "think before you click"
samardzicnba wrote:He means: if you are NLSC member, it is forbidden to have RLD version. You will probably get baned.
jacobcass97 wrote:Plz post the mod . Using reloaded version and dying to get my hands on tatoos
Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 0 guests


text:
- For other articles entitled Blackfathom Deeps, see Blackfathom Deeps (disambiguation).
Objectives Edit
Speak with Je'neu Sancrea.
Description Edit
The Naga mock us with their defiance. We will drive them and their allies out of this land for good.Travel north of here to Blackfathom Deeps[15, 15] and speak with Je'neu Sancrea. He's already made his way inside.
Be wary of Zeya, by the way. She can be a bit...temperamental at times.
Did Commander Grimfang send you? I've asked him to find suitable recruits to aid me here.
Rewards Edit
You will receive:
- 1 75
Je'neu is inside the instance.
Patches and hotfixes Edit
Patch 4.0.3a (2010-11-23): Added.


text:
Diamonds in Earth's Oldest Zircons Are Nothing but Laboratory Contamination
UC Riverside-led research team claims the oldest "diamonds" on the Earth are simply fragments of polishing compound
RIVERSIDE, Calif. — As is well known, the Earth is about 4.6 billion years old. No rocks exist, however, that are older than about 3.8 billion years. A sedimentary rock section in the Jack Hills of western Australia, more than 3 billion years old, contains within it zircons that were eroded from rocks as old as about 4.3 billion years, making these zircons, called Jack Hills zircons, the oldest recorded geological material on the planet.
In 2007 and 2008, two research papers reported in the journal Nature that a suite of zircons from the Jack Hills included diamonds, requiring a radical revision of early Earth history. The papers posited that the diamonds formed, somehow, before the oldest zircons — that is, before 4.3 billion years ago — and then were recycled repeatedly over a period of 1.2 billion years during which they were periodically incorporated into the zircons by an unidentified process.
Now a team of three researchers, two of whom are at the University of California, Riverside, has discovered using electron microscopy that the diamonds in question are not diamonds at all but broken fragments of a diamond-polishing compound that got embedded when the zircon specimen was prepared for analysis by the authors of the Nature papers.
"The diamonds are not indigenous to the zircons," said Harry Green, a research geophysicist and a distinguished professor of the Graduate Division at UC Riverside, who was involved in the research. "They are contamination. This, combined with the lack of diamonds in any other samples of Jack Hills zircons, strongly suggests that there are no indigenous diamonds in the Jack Hills zircons."
Study results appear online this week in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters.
"It occurred to us that a long-term history of diamond recycling with intermittent trapping into zircons would likely leave some sort of microstructural record at the interface between the diamonds and zircon," said Larissa Dobrzhinetskaya, a professional researcher in the Department of Earth Sciences at UCR and the first author of the research paper. "We reasoned that high-resolution electron microscopy of the material should be able to distinguish whether the diamonds are indeed what they have been believed to be."
Using an intensive search with high-resolution secondary-electron imaging and transmission electron microscopy, the research team confirmed the presence of diamonds in the Jack Hills zircon samples they examined but could readily identify them as broken fragments of diamond paste that the original authors had used to polish the zircons for examination. They also observed quartz, graphite, apatite, rutile, iron oxides, feldspars and other low-pressure minerals commonly included into zircon in granitic rocks.
"In other words, they are contamination from polishing with diamond paste that was mechanically injected into silicate inclusions during polishing" Green said.
The research was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation.
Green and Dobrzhinetskaya were joined in the research by Richard Wirth at the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, Germany.
Dobrzhinetskaya and Green planned the research project; Dobrzhinetskaya led the project; she and Wirth did the electron microscopy.
Media Contact
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E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
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Archived under: Science/Technology, Department of Earth Sciences, diamond, geology, Harry Green, Larissa Dobrzhinetskaya, press release, zircon
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These interactions can take place in person, electronically, through a campus ISDN line, or even via video through our Digital Production Studio, which can put a UCR expert on the air anywhere in the world through AT&T's regional fiber network hub.
UCR is ready to help you find the expertise you need to get the story.


text:
Conventional thinking has people believing that there is a limited amount of great companies in which to invest—and that most or all of them are headquartered in the United States. But today, opportunities are found all over the world: There are new developers of technology to explore, as well as industry trends that other investors haven't discerned.
At OppenheimerFunds, we aim to unearth opportunities for stock and fixed income investors by taking the contrarian approach and challenging the crowd. We believe that taking an active and unconventional approach to investments—rather than simply investing passively in a host of market indexes—investors may be positioned to capitalize on those opportunities.
Watch the video to learn more about how we seek to challenge the index.
For more news and commentary on current market developments, view the full archive of Krishna Memani's CIO Insights and follow @KrishnaMemani.
Mutual funds and exchange traded funds are subject to market risk and volatility. Shares may gain or lose value.
An investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of principal amount invested. The alternate revenue weighting approach employed by the Funds, while designed to enhance potential returns, may not produce the desired results.
These views represent the opinions of OppenheimerFunds, Inc. and are not intended as investment advice or to predict or depict the performance of any investment. These views are as of the publication date, and are subject to change based on subsequent developments.


text:
The small project that started on Facebook, with 40 remedies has grown!
In this new eBook the original 40 medicines have received some augmentation and ten new medicines have been added.
This book should be an excellent companion to Homeopathic First-Aid kits and provides valuable hints on the application of these 50 important medicines in all domestic species.
All you need to read these on your desktop or laptop, if you don't have an iPad is Adobe ADE – a quick and easy free download.


text:
Thursday, April 14, 2011
Win it to be in it...
20 comments:
WOW...EQ7...and a feature in the mag...how great. CONGRATS!!ReplyDelete
Bravo! Your piece deserves this award!ReplyDelete
WAY TO GO!!! Congratulations, you deserve it. Beautiful quilt.ReplyDelete
Mega-magical! Congratulations! If anyone can put an EQ7 to good use, it's you. What a wonderful feeling when someone admires and appreciates your work--and now so many more people will be exposed to your inspiring creativity!! Celebrating YOU today!ReplyDelete
Congrats! It's gorgeous!ReplyDelete
I saw that yesterday and waited til you posted to give you a congrats! Well-deserved, your quilt is gorgeous :)ReplyDelete
The Jewel Box certainly brought home the treasure! Enjoy your EQ7! And the feature in FQ!ReplyDelete
YAY! Congratulations!ReplyDelete
Yes, you do deserve the award! I actually thought that YOU made the quilt that was featured in the e-zine in the first place. Congratulations! I can't wait to see your feature story. :DReplyDelete
Congratualtions! Well deserved!ReplyDelete
Congrats. The quilt is gorgeous.ReplyDelete
Congrats, it is a beautiful quilt!ReplyDelete
What an honor, congratulations!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousApril 15, 2011 at 9:32 AM
Way to go Cindy, what a beautiful quilt. Congrats. cabReplyDelete
Congrats! I've always loved your quilt!ReplyDelete
Congratulations! Great work, well done! Absolutey gorgeous quilt.ReplyDelete
Have a super great sewing day.
Very nice, Cindy. You always do gorgeous work!ReplyDelete
Congratulations on your big win!!! Totally deserved in my opinion!ReplyDelete
Congrats on your win at FQ! I was just reading all about you and LOVE the quilt on page 80 in the photo directly above you sitting at your sewing machine. What is that pattern and where can I find it? It would be perfect for a baby quilt I buying fabrics for now.ReplyDelete
Well deserved win - it's a lovely quilt :)


text:
Thursday, September 20, 2012
Japan Leftovers pt 2
Posted by Kitsune-kun at 9:09 PM
4 comments:
THAT DRESS IS SIMPLY THE BEST!!!ReplyDelete
I adooooore your dress and I've enjoyed reading about and seeing all of your Japan adventures!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousSeptember 21, 2012 at 3:24 AM
Wow, Love your dressReplyDelete
You look SO chic; youind of remind me of Audrey Hepburn. That dress is so very elegant on you!ReplyDelete
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
Dawn Eagle Woman is a profound healer and facilitator. Guided by the feminine creative spirit, she draws on her own deep spiritual experience and a vast array of knowledge, ranging from the Arts to Psychoanalytic Theory, Spiritual Psychology, Shamanic Healing and Divination.
Dawn studied Jungian psychology and religion for many years and holds an AA, BFA, and MFA in Fine Arts, and in 1997 received her Doctor of Divinity. She has been a dance instructor and taught sculpture at the University of Wyoming. Since 1994 she devotes all her time to healing.
Dawn's hands were activated by a near-death experience at the age of 25, and her path as a healer has taken her through many levels of refinement. She was given the name Dawn Eagle Woman, Ahnpo Wambli Win, in 1982, by a Medicine Man, Tate Wakapa Wambli. In 1994 she was honored by the Hopi Princess and given the name Kwaahu Wiwti, White Eagle.
Please visit the rest of our site for Dawn's Schedule, information about the Anahata Sanctuary, our home in Wyoming where we do Retreats and Private Sessions, and more information.
To contact Dawn directly: email@example.com


text:
Meet the Owners
PremierGarage of St. Louis is owned by husband and wife team Steve and Meri Lyn Bisch. Steve is a native St. Louisan with a background in engineering and operations management. Cost efficiency for our customers is top on Steve's radar screen as well as supervision of work activities. Meri Lyn brings the female perspective along with a background in engineering and "mom-ology" to focuses on the marketing/advertising aspect of their business.
Steve and Meri Lyn's unique combination of talents and experience has allowed PremierGarage St. Louis to be widely regarded as the "Premier" company for floor coating systems, cabinetry, and organizers and clearly the leader in the St. Louis area.
We Are Part of the Community
Because we are raising a family here, our community and our role in the community are important parts of our lives. We are proud to have supported Haven of Grace, Habitat for Humanity-St. Louis Magazine AT HOME projects, American Cancer Society and American Heart Association.
We are Associate Members with National Association of Professional Organizers-St. Louis Chapter and Industry Partners with American Society of Interior Design-St. Louis East Chapter
Quality Service
The decision to establish PremierGarage of St. Louis was based on in-depth research, product lines available and the overall needs of the St. Louis market. Steve and Meri Lyn pride themselves on providing their customers with the most innovative and cost effective products on the market – they listen to their customers – "It's about providing solutions and taking care of our customers' needs – not only about selling products," says Steve Bisch. "These are not just words but how PremierGarage of St. Louis conducts day to day business."
PremierGarage of St. Louis operates a professionally trained crew covering the metropolitan St. Louis as well as parts of Southern Illinois. New home construction accounts for 10% of our business with 90% from existing homes, including single homes, apartments, villas and condominiums.
And in spite of a challenging economy, we continue to grow!


text:
A gang of suspected armed robbers in the early hours of Saturday invaded the campus of Taraba State College of Agriculture, Jalingo, the Provost, Dr. Elizabeth Wachap, said.
Wachap told the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) that the hoodlums burgled some offices, including hers, the registrar's, the bursary as well as the Anatomy Laboratory and Pension Office.
She said the hoodlums took away the safe in the cash office but that there was no money in it.
She said the robbers tied one of the security men on duty to a tree before proceeding to carry out their operations.
When NAN visited the premises, policemen were seen inspecting the affected offices.
NAN learnt that there had been complaints of increase in cases of robbery attacks on residents of Jalingo in recent times.
When contacted, the State Police Public Relations Officer, ASP Joseph Kwaji, said he had yet to be briefed on the incident.
Kwaji promised to call back as soon as he got information on the incident.


text:
SOMERSET — The 10th Annual Donald J. McNamara Tennis Tournament will be held from June 13 to June 15 at Somerset High School.
SOMERSET — The 10th Annual Donald J. McNamara Tennis Tournament will be held from June 13 to June 15 at Somerset High School.
Those who are interested in playing in the tennis tournament can send their name, address, telephone number, division of play and entry fee to: McNamara Tennis Tournament, 122 Centre Street, Somerset, MA 02726. The divisions of play will be Men's Single A, B and C, women's singles, open division and youth singles for players who are 12 years old and younger. All draws are limited. Entry fee is $25 for adults and $15 for students and youths. Entry fee includes tee shirt and can of tennis balls. Entry deadline is June 6. Anyone with questions can call (508)567-0906 or e-mail email@example.com.
All friends and neighbors are also welcome to watch the exciting tennis matches, visit the concession stand and take a chance on many raffle prizes. The rain dates fo the tournament are June 20 to June 22.
Proceeds raised from the tournament will be put toward a scholarship that is given to a Somerset High School graduating senior.
Over the past 10 years, over $26,000 in scholarships and over $11,000 in grants have been awarded to science teachers for student-centered activities. This year, a $4,000 scholarship will again be awarded at SHS graduation ceremonies.
The scholarship fund began in 1997 in memory of Don McNamara who was a lifelong resident of Somerset and a science teacher at Somerset High School from 1970 to 1997. McNamara dedicated his professional career to the enhancement of the educational process.
A dedicated, compassionate and energetic person, he encouraged all he knew to work toward fulfilling the maximum of their potential. HIs enthusiasm for the subject matter inspired the students to be eager and enthusiastic to learn.
It was McNamara's wish that a scholarship be established in his memory. Through this scholarship and the grants, McNamara's dedication to education and his spirit will live on for generations.


text:
Pioneerz make you a pioneer in a fantasy world, it's a sandbox RPG focus on town protection. Live the life of a fantasy pioneer: Help your town to grow by protecting it and gathering resource. And in the same time explore the world and fight enemy towns. But be careful, the world is fully living (Plants grow, animals reproduce, towns are expanding…) And you never know which danger you will encounter (rabbit invasion, wandering trolls, underground scar…) Help your town, improve your ability, expand your kingdom! The road is harsh to make a peaceful empire!
Very clever game, the A.I. while clearly very simple is effective and doesn't appear to have any bugs that I noticed.
Obviously one can see just by looking at the graphics still that it is a casual game, and a lot of fun for it! You can seemlessly switch between aggressive action based gameplay and peaceful resource gathering. Either way, the game is able to make you feel as if you are making a difference to your team's progress, and your fellow villagers do work with you quite helpfully.
However, the poor quality of English text and grammar, while cute at first, gradually grates on you. Could also see a LAN multiplayer being very effective here.
Overall, a lot of fun, do check out the demo.
It's a good game.But need more things to do.Maybe a inventory system and building(soldier) management.
Fun game with unique features, yet ai could use some work with them getting stuck sometime.
Maybe the addition of more ai types for instance hunters to eliminate the damm bunneys:) Or some sort of ai that leaves the town to get more trees or berrys when the town has ran out
Good game overall
its ok..just a little...i guess you could say...AWESOME
This game is terrible.. a city builder ripoff with a bad engine. No mouse support? Very little help in game as far as what to do or direction. Translation is pretty bad as well.. 2/10 would not buy
It's an okay game, but not fun.
i slayed all towns and i was the only human town/city left :D
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Well, these books are simply stunning.
Have you ever tried to arrange your books by color? Rainbow shelves are all the rage these days and lots of fun to look at. But ordering books by color can present its own problems, as I recently discovered. Spines rarely feature one color. And what about spines with large text? Do you sort by the color of the text or the spine?
As you can probably tell, I attempted to create my own rainbow shelves. And the result?
Well, it's not perfect, but it's certainly prettier than it was before. This week's post is one of several focusing on book cover colors. While I can't promise that the spines will be red, I can promise the covers are absolutely stunning.
And before I begin, there are affiliate links after this point. So, if you see a lovely book that you decide to purchase, I will receive a small commission. (Yay, thank you!) There isn't any cost to you at all. Plus, you'll have one more beautiful book for your growing collection. Win-win. Without any further ado, let's dive in.
Stunning Red Book Covers
1. Sisters Red
This cover stimulates the eyes and the mind. First, the stunning use of red and black negative space creates two opposing figures. And then there's the wolf. This cover is bold and brilliant.
2. The Girl Who Circumnavigated Fairyland in a Ship of Her Own Making
And this cover has a nostalgic appeal. (Also, I'm partial to dragons as you may have noticed.) The banners and border flourishes on this cover also add a nice touch.
3. Diary of a Wimpy Kid, Book 1
An oldy but goody. The bright red background with the alternating darker stripes on the spine is certainly stunning. And the 3-D effect of the note "taped" to the front is well done.
4. The Book of Blood: From Legends and Leeches to Vampires and Veins
First of all, the font on this cover is perfectly suited to the spookiness of its subject matter. But the stark contrast between the abundance of white space and the bright red blood dripping down from the top of the cover is definitely eye-catching.
5. Through the Woods
This stunning cover makes excellent use of negative space. And the limited color palette draws the eyes straight to the title. Excellent use of red as a highlighter.
6. A Court of Thorns and Roses
The background's vibrant hue brings the focus to the center of this book cover. And the thorny vines sprouting from the title add a nice touch.
7. Me Before You: A Novel
Another great example of how well black, white, and red work together. The font is fluid but easy to ready. And the red background really adds a visual punch.
8. I Am Half-Sick of Shadows: A Flavia de Luce Novel
This cover begs so many questions. Why is the skeleton wearing an elf hat? I love the snow settled onto each letter of the title. The subtle gradient on the red background makes it feel like there's a gentle spotlight on the title.
9. Scarlet
And here is a red-centric cover with a slightly wider color range. The red cloth's fluid lines are striking and guide the eye from the title to the figure who is out of frame. This is a book that begs to be opened.
10. Scythe
This last cover makes great use of negative space to create the figure's face. And the interplay between black, red, and cream creates an entirely different feel. Simply stunning.
What did you think of this list? Which covers did you love? Were there any that you disliked? Let me know in the comments below!
Want to see more stunning book covers? Check out this post.


text: It came as some surprise to the Renewable Energy industry when the Energy Minister, Charles Hendry, stated that the Feed in Tariff scheme, also known as the Clean Energy Cashback scheme was going to be reconsidered as part of the October Comprehensive Spending Review.Under the Clean Energy Cashback scheme, households, community groups, and businesses are paid generous Feed in Tariff rates to produce electricity by a Renewable Energy technology such as Solar PV panels.The Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI), scheduled to come into force in April 2011, and supported by all political parties last year, proposed similarly generous tariffs for producing heat from technologies such as Solar Thermal, heat pumps, biomass boilers, etc. However, it appeared that the Government were also going cold on this scheme by making its future subject to the spending review.The hesitation on the introduction of the Renewable Heat Incentive led the Solar Trade Association to announce that almost 50% of Solar Thermal installers were reporting a 75% or more reduction in business since May 6th. Many potential customers were delaying making a decision on their Solar Thermal installations until the RHI scheme was confirmed.In response, manufacturers and installers of Solar PV panels orchestrated a media campaign, urging the Government not to tamper with the Feed in Tariff or Renewable Heat Incentives.Citing the financial commitment made by hundreds of small electrical companies, and many big companies such as British Gas, Eaga, M&S and Tesco, the campaign warned the Government that millions of pounds had already been invested. Many of these companies had based their business models around the Feed in Tariff remaining un-changed until 2013.For many larger companies, their business model involved installing Solar PV panels for free and using the Feed in Tariff to cover the cost. It was therefore critical that the Tariffs remained unchanged.The industry held its breath and hoped that the Chancellor's Comprehensive Spending Review wouldn't be as bad as feared. And it wasn't. In fact, all in all, the news was rather positive:- The Renewable Heat Incentive will go ahead in 2011 as planned, although the tariff levels and payment periods are still subject to the Government's response to the consultation which took place earlier this year.- The Feed in Tariff will remain unchanged until a planned review in 2013. Anyone adopting Solar PV now will be paid the advertised rates for the next 25 years.It is perhaps not surprising that the Government have chosen to leave well alone. Scrapping the Feed in Tariff, or reducing the tariff levels would have had undermined business confidence in future investments for Renewable Energy, and led to large job losses particularly amongst the small business that David Cameron has asked to lead the economic recovery.The Feed in Tariff scheme also has many things going for it:a) It is working – installations are in line with expectations, with over 5000 Solar PV installations since April 2010, and approximately 11MWp of installed capacity. b) Funded directly by utility companies, it does not cost the Government anything – always a plus point! c) It obviously and visually supports the Government's credentials.It is expected that the scheme will go on to mirror the success of similar schemes in countries such as Germany where solar panels on domestic and commercial rooftops are a common sight.If the Renewable Heat Incentive offers similar returns on investment that are currently being achieved through the Feed in Tariff scheme, we can expect the sight of solar panels for hot water becoming equally familiar.So just for once, a UK Government has done the sensible thing by the Renewable Energy industry. It has left things well alone and allowed businesses to invest in training their workforce with the assurance that for the next 4 years, they will have a good idea of what the market conditions are going to be.Now doesn't that make a change?Copyright (c) 2010 Paul Sherrington


text:
Windshield Ice Scraper
A powerful Windshield Ice Scraper is a must in the winter. Don't spend tedious time scraping on your windshield.. Bulldoze it off with our Ice Dozer Plus™ Ice Scraper! Common ice scrapers are hard to use and not very effective because they use a straight scraping blade for curved glass, and they're too small for the job.
The secret of the IceDozer is a flexible scraping blade that conforms to the shape of the windshield. Add the oversized, 18" ergonomic handle, and the blade is dramatically amplified by the natural forces of your arm and shoulder movement.
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"I thought I might have had some action when last Saturday's storm dropped a couple of inches of snow on us. But shucks, it wasn't even close to a fair fight. I put the IceDozer in its leas combative position, made one jab with it and all of the snow and ice scooted off the windshield, like a whipped dog turning tail and running for cover."


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The novel begins with a small group of guerilla soldiers, a much older Clare Savage among them, traveling through Jamaica's remote cockpit country. The soldiers have set up on piece of land once owned by Clare's grandmother Miss Mattie, where they train and grow food as well as ganja.
The second chapter tells the story of Paul H. who is initially at a party with Harry/Harriet—a transgender half-brother/half-sister to one of Paul's friends. Paul returns home after a late night to find a horrific scene: his family and all of their servants have been murdered with a machete. He stumbles upon Christopher, another servant employed by Paul's parents, and enlists his help in dealing with the bodies and the burials. But we learn in flashback that Christopher, an orphan whose family including his grandfather has worked for Paul's parents for a long time, committed the murders when he went to ask a favor from the Paul's father—to help Christopher find where hisgrandmother is buried so that he can help her spirit rest—that was denied. In fact, Christopher has been waiting for Paul and kills him before Paul figures out what has happened.
The story then shifts time periods to 1960 when Boy Savage, Clare's father, is immigrating with his family to the United States. Kitty Savage, Clare's mother, is not happy about moving away from all she has ever known but she resolves herself to a quiet depression upon departure from Jamaica and arrival in Miami. Boy purchases a used car and the family travels north towards New York City. While traveling through Georgia Boy attempts to get a room in a segregated motel, the innkeeper suspects that he is black but Boy is able to convince the innkeeper that he is white by telling him that his ancestors owned plantations. When the family arrives in New Yorkthey go to stay with Winston and Grace, relatives from Kitty's mother's side of the family. Boy eventually takes a job driving a laundry truck and Kitty goes to work in the office of his employer. Fed up with the constant racism she encounters, Kitty decides to slip messages into the linens before they are delivered—messages such as "Marcus Garvey was right" and "America is cruel. Consider kindness for a change" aimed at the white customers. Kitty then takes Clare's younger sister Jennie and returns to Jamaica.
After her mother and sister leave, Clare becomes increasingly lonely since she has not yet started school and is not allowed to leave the house by herself. She stays home and watches movies and remembers the first American she met—a white teacher at her catholic school in Jamaica that taught about the American Civil War, took the girls to see the "documentary" Gone With the Wind, and extolled the benefits of racial hierarchies. When Clare begins school she is told that, despite her intelligence, she will be held back for one year because children from Third World countries develop differently from American children. Boy tries to convince the school that Clare is white, but the school does not believe him and nor do they have a category for "bi-racial" students—a student is either black or white. We learn that after five years Kitty is still living with Clare's younger sister in Jamaica. Clare, who is now a sophomore in college, comes home one evening to find her father crying. He tells her that her mother has died and later that her sister Jennie will be coming to live with them. After Jennie movesin Clare borrows some money from her uncle Fredrick and leaves home for England.
Upon arriving in London Clare finds a room to rent and spends some time visiting various museums, browsing bookshops and generally getting to know England. She eventually becomes a legal resident of England and enrolls at the University of London to study art history. After some time at the university Clare decides to take her uncle up on his invitation to come back to Jamaica where she attends the same party as Paul H., before he was killed by Christopher, and meets Harry/Harriet. Clare and Harry/Harriet become good friends while Clare is in Kingston, Jamaica, spending time together first in a Spanish Galleon-themed bar and then on a beach discussing the history and current social conditions of Jamaica. The two keep in touch, via letters, after Clare returns to England. Upon her return, Clare witnesses a National Front march and is deeply disturbed by the aggression and racism on display on her college campus. She tries to explain why she is so disturbed to her friend Liz, but gets nowhere and ends up feeling isolated and alone.
In the next chapter Clare meets up with Bobby, a Vietnam War veteran who has a wound on his ankle that, despite Clare's best efforts, will not heal. The two of them leave London together and travel around Europe. While traveling she receives a letter from Harry/Harriet telling her that her aunt and uncle in Kingston are moving to Miami and leaving her grandmother's old place in the country to her alone. Clarecontinues to travel around Europe with Bobby, who is still struggling mentally and physically with the after-effects of the war until one day he disappears without warning.
Clare waits for Bobby but eventually decides it is time for her to return to Jamaica. Clare becomes increasingly ill upon her return and discovers that she has an infection in her womb that will most likely leave her sterile. After she recovers, Harry/Harriet suggests that the two of them travel to Clare's grandmother's farm. Once there, Clare finds the river where she used to bathe and with Harry/Harriet takes a bath there for the first time in twenty years.
In chapter nine we learn that Christopher was never arrested for his crime, and so has been left to wander the back alleys of Kingston's ghettos. He becomes known throughout the city as the watchman of Kingston—a sort of mad prophet or mendicant, and becomes the subject of a reggae song. On the night of a terrible fire where many old women are burned alive, alluded to earlier in the book by a letter from Harry/Harriet, Christopher shows up at the scene shouting prophecies at the top of his lungs.
After visiting the countryside Clare learns of the difficult economic conditions in Jamaica. Then, Harry/Harriet takes her to a small tenement room in Kingston so that she can join a clandestine revolutionary group. She is interrogated as to her motives and convinces them that she is genuine in her desire to make revolution on behalf of the poor and oppressed in Jamaica. In her answers Clare connects the experiences of her life and travels to the oppressed condition of Jamaica—a former colony, part of the Third World. Finally, Clare recalls that in one of her final letters before her death her mother told her to help her people in whatever way that she could, this in the end becomes the ultimate justification for her desire to join the revolutionaries.
In the final chapter of the book a film crew has come to Jamaica to make a movie about the Maroons, and they have hired Christopher,"de Watchman", to play a small role. Clare and the revolutionaries decide to attack the crew but when they begin their assault it is apparent that someone has sold them out, and tragedy ensues.
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You can order your eBooks for immediate download using Paypal on a special page. You pay by Paypal and then will be directed to the download link on Payloadz immediately after completing your payment! Fastest way to get your download.With each item you will find this immediate buy-now link at the bottom of the description.
Of course you can also order these eBooks together with other items from here and use one of the payment methods described here. In that case you will receive the downloadlink in your email box within 48 hours after we have received your payment on our account.
All ebooks and audiobooks concern the Dutch language, language learning or easy reading and practice. Make your choice!
- Zeg het in het Nederlands 1-10. Podcasts in slow Dutch + transcripts
Full set of 10 episodes ZEG HET IN HET NEDERLANDS, Weekly Dutch Podcast for Dutch learners. 10 x mp3 and 10 x pdf€ 29,50
- Dutch Saint Nicholas Songs - Nederlandse Sinterklaasliedjes Audio+Lyrics [7009009]
Set of 8 traditional Dutch Sinterklaas (Saint Nicholas) songs in The Netherlands, sung by Dutch Children`s Choir
Sinterklaas Kapoentje
Hij komt!
Hoor de wind waait door de bomen
Hoor wie klopt daar kinderen
Daar wordt aan de deur…€ 3,99
- Annie M.G. Schmidt - De Heerlijkste 5 December in 574 Jaar Audio+PDF [7009006]
A wonderful story written by the famous Annie M.G. Schmidt about the adventures of Sinterklaas en Zwarte Piet.
You will receive an MP3 file (11 minutes) plus the story written down to read along in a pdf file (5 pages) together…€ 4,99
- Dutch Christmas Songs - Nederlandse Kerstliedjes Audio+Lyrics [7009008]
Set of 6 traditional Dutch Christmas songs in The Netherlands, sung by Dutch Children`s Choir
Oh dennenboom
Luid klokjes klingelingeling
De herdertjes lagen bij nachte
Engelkens door het luchtruim zwevend
Er is een kindeke…€ 3,50
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Set of 6 very common Dutch birthday songs in The Netherlands, sung by Dutch Children`s Choir
Er is er een jarig
Lang zal ze leven
Ei, ei, ei
Hij leve hoog
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Twee violen en een trommel en een fluit
You…€ 3,50
- Everything about Dutch Verbs (eBook) DOWNLOAD [2007002]
Everything you always wanted to know about: Dutch verbs, all put together in this useful ebook!
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Learn Everyday Dutch
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Dutch audio plays with written texts
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Our Beginners Booklet to help you learn some basic Dutch in only a few minutes time, with the help of many pictures and boxes!
Full colour, 34 pages
* First Dutch Phrases (with English translation)
* Pronunciation of…€ 6,50
- Sinterklaas Game Book for Children (eBook) DOWNLOAD [7009004]
Sinterklaas Game Book for Children (eBook)
Dutch Sinterklaas Children Game Book
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Hedendaags Sinterklaas verhaal. Pakjesboot 13 Audio+Written text
An original Dutch audio play - clearly narrated, vivid dialogue!
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Every year Saint Nicholas and his Pieten sail to the Netherlands to…€ 6,99
- Annie MG Schmidt Jip en Janneke Zes korte verhalen (Six short stories) DOWNLOAD [7009001]
Annie M.G. Schmidt:
Jip en Janneke -Zes korte verhalen (Audio MP3 + PDF)
We have made a selection of six famous Dutch short stories, written by Annie M.G. Schmidt.
This ebook has MP3`s to listen and PDF`s to read along. A great…€ 3,99
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Kees van Kooten (also known as Koot , from the duo Koot & Bie) is a famous Dutch comedy writer in the Netherlands who has much influenced the Dutch vocabulary by making up new words and expressions which are now to be found in the…€ 3,99


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Harness your creative abilities and develop your research and analysis skills
Key Program Features
Express yourself in the creative field of art! LLCC's art program provides a strong foundation of research, analysis and creative application in design, studio arts and art history. The curriculum is designed to challenge students to utilize all applicable technologies and materials to create works of art and design, while developing creative problem-solving strategies and critical-thinking skills. Art classes offered include ceramics, drawing, painting, printmaking, two- and three-dimensional design, sculpture and more.
A juried student art exhibit is held annually in LLCC's James S. Murray Gallery providing art students the opportunity to build experience in the art field. Students and the community also have the opportunity to experience the work of various artists through gallery exhibits during the academic year. Students may also find their work as a part of the college's permanent art collection.
Job Outlook
Some craft and fine artists are self-employed, while others work in various industries or for museums, historical sites or schools. Because of the broad range of industries in which an artist can work, salaries and job potential can vary greatly. The art field is rather competitive. Artists who consistently build on their skills and their reputation will increase their job potential. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, the 2016 median annual salary for an artist was $48,780.
Degree and Certificate Programs
LLCC offers the following programs to prepare students for university transfer and/or career in the art field. Read more about the courses in each program:
Studio Art • Associate in Fine Arts
Time to completion: 2 years
The Associate of Fine Arts degree focuses on developing an understanding of the specific discipline of visual arts through the intensive study of technique, history, theory and hands-on approaches to studio work. This program is designed to provide students with the competencies necessary to achieve a smooth transition into a Bachelor of Fine Arts program.
Art • Associate in Arts
Time to completion: 2 years
This degree is designed for transfer to four-year institutions and intended for students majoring in art-related fields, design and education. Students are encouraged to take a creative approach to problem-solving through exploration of the arts and design, as well as fulfilling general education requirements.
Screen Graphics • Certificate of Completion
Time to completion: 1 year
This program is for students seeking employment in the commercial silkscreen printing and design field.
This program falls under regulations for "Gainful Employment in a Recognized Occupation." LLCC provides the gainful employment information for Screen Graphics • Certificate of Completion in compliance with the "Program Integrity" and "Gainful Employment in a Recognized Occupation" regulations as defined by the U.S. Department of Education (34 CFR 668.8).
Investment in Your Future
For the 2019-2020 academic year, in-district tuition for ART courses (except 101, 110, 204, 205 and 208) runs $197.25 per credit hour. Fees are $11 per credit hour. All other courses run the standard in-district tuition rate of $131.50 and have fees of $11 per credit hour. View Summer 2019 tuition information. Get more information on tuition and fees.
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Contact Us
Questions about the program? For more information, call LLCC Arts and Humanities at 217-786-2318 or 217-786-2329.
Ready to get started? Fill out an online admission application


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Monday, August 2, 2010
On the silly side, this awesome web site,Theme Teams did an All-Paul baseball team. Paul O'Neill and Paul Molitor, baby! Not bad!
Normally Mike & Mike on ESPN is mostly a fluff show filled with "zany" and "hilarious" nonsense. But last Friday, Mark Schlereth came and spoke truth to power about the NFL's expansion to 18 games a sezson. Stuff was pointed, intelligent and with great commentary. Have a listen.
CHFF wrote a damning article about the Cleveland Browns on their site. It's harsh, funny and spot-on. After reading it, my prediction: Mangini doesn't last the season. Poor schlub of a coach has never had a quarterback he can rely on. Ask his mentor, the genius, Bill Belichek, who was 41
and 57 until a sixth round draft pick named Brady made his career.
Nice pickup by the Dodgers. Giving up Blake DeWitt and some low-level prospects, they manage to snag one of the better available pitchers in Ted Lilly and a nice IF in Ryan Theroit. Nice swing. Might just be enough to take over the Padres.
It's kinda moot anyway. Can't see how anyone gets past the Cardinals. Wainwright, Carpenter, Garcia, Penney and now Westbrook. They have pitching to burn. And no one in the NL beats them in a short series.
Former New York Jet Mike Nugent is fighting for his NFL career in a battle with Dave Raynor. Both are trying for the starting kicker position for the Cincinnati Bengals. One difference between Nugent and Raynor. Raynor was a 6th round pick, while Nugent was an unbelievable 2nd round pick. Taken ahead of Justin Tuck, Vincent Jackson and Frank Gore. From 2nd rounder to battling for a job. Nice pick Jets.
Now that the Brewers have extended Corey Hart, they should get around to trading Fat Prince Fielder for pitching help. Trading him to the Mariners for a bunch of pitching prospects, and he where could slide into a 1B/DH role would be ideal for both teams
And lastly...just some cool dunks. From guys who you never heard of. (Come on, you haven't heard of Tom Chambers? Brent Barry? Keon Clark?)
2 comments:
- blmeanie said...
I like the 720 dunk
- August 2, 2010 at 12:44 PM
- Pete S said...
Funny article...great job.
So does Derek Jeter go down as Mr. November for all time? I'll take it.
Mangini is an autocrat in the truest sense of the word. Players won't pay for him (unless, of course, they win...ask Belichek).
Lilly forces a lot of fly balls and Dodger Stadium eats fly balls. Their outfielders can pay, too. This is a perfect fit. The Cards do stand in the way, as you pointed out.
I saw Mike Nugent, on grass, go 5 for 5, including two 50 yarders, against NC State to beat them at home. I was there, and it killed me. No excuse for making him a second rounder, but he was money in college.
Jackson is this era's Ricky Watters, except he's tougher and keeps his mouth shut. He's a hall of famer if he stays healthy. AWESOME.
Prince Fielder belongs on the Brewers. That's where really fat guys belong.
I still think Vince Carter over F. Weiss in the Olympics is the best I've ever seen. However, Tom Chambers was a phenomenal dunker.
- August 2, 2010 at 11:29 PM


text:
- Research article
- Open Access
- Open Peer Review
Fine motor skills in adult Tourette patients are task-dependent
© Neuner et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012
- Received: 18 May 2012
- Accepted: 10 October 2012
- Published: 11 October 2012
Tourette syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and phonic tics. Deficient motor inhibition underlying tics is one of the main hypotheses in its pathophysiology. Therefore the question arises whether this supposed deficient motor inhibition affects also voluntary movements. Despite severe motor tics, different personalities who suffer from Tourette perform successfully as neurosurgeon, pilot or professional basketball player.
For the investigation of fine motor skills we conducted a motor performance test battery in an adult Tourette sample and an age matched group of healthy controls.
The Tourette patients showed a significant lower performance in the categories steadiness of both hands and aiming of the right hand in comparison to the healthy controls. A comparison of patients' subgroup without comorbidities or medication and healthy controls revealed a significant difference in the category steadiness of the right hand.
Our results show that steadiness and visuomotor integration of fine motor skills are altered in our adult sample but not precision and speed of movements. This alteration pattern might be the clinical vignette of complex adaptations in the excitability of the motor system on the basis of altered cortical and subcortical components. The structurally and functionally altered neuronal components could encompass orbitofrontal, ventrolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices, the anterior cingulate, amygdala, primary motor and sensorimotor areas including altered corticospinal projections, the corpus callosum and the basal ganglia.
- Corpus Callosum
- Tourette Syndrome
- Fine Motor Skill
- Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex
- Simple Motor Task
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by motor and phonic tics. Deficient motor inhibition underlying tics is one of the main hypotheses in its pathophysiology. Therefore the question arises whether this supposed deficient motor inhibition affects also voluntary movements. The severity of tics waxes and wanes over time. Patients often report that stress and teasing by others worsen tics, whereas focused activity such as reading or voluntary motor activities such as playing basketball reduces the occurrence of tics [1–4].
TS is often accompanied by comorbidities such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), depression and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [5, 6]. The cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit plays an important role in the pathophysiology of TS. Tics respond to treatment with D2-receptor blocking agents with high striatal affinity [7–9]. Therefore, the neuroanatomy of tics has received particular attention in neuroimaging research on Tourette syndrome [10, 11], highlighting a network of frontal areas, basal ganglia, insula and cerebellum, compatible with the notion that TS is the result of a failure in network maturation, particularly of the fronto-striatal-thalamic-cortical loop [12–14]. Structural changes have been described in Tourette patients, such as grey matter reduction in orbitofrontal, anterior cingulate and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices [15]. Alterations in amygdala structure and its functional connectivity are also reported [16–18].
Recent imaging studies in TS report an involvement of the corticospinal tract and of the underlying white matter under the supplementary motor area, the pre- and postcentral gyrus and the ventral-posterolateral nucleus of the right thalamus [19, 20]. There are reports of reduced volumes of the caudate nucleus across the life span and thinning of sensorimotor cortices in proportion to tic severity in children suffering from Tourette syndrome [21]. Hypertrophy of limbic and prefrontal cortices and a smaller corpus callosum are associated with less pronounced tics in children with TS [22, 23]. For the different clinical phenotypes of Tourette syndrome (e.g. simple tics, simple and complex tics, tics and OCD) Worbe and colleagues reported cortical thinning in primary motor regions in patients with simple tics. In patients suffering from simple and complex tics the cortical thinning was spread to larger premotor, prefrontal and parietal regions, and a trend for reduced cortical thickness in the anterior cingulated cortex and hippocampal morphology was reported in patients with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder [24].
Given the feature of tics as motor symptoms the question arises whether fine motor skills are affected in Tourette syndrome. There is a limited number of studies in children and adults to this end. In 1990 Bornstein published the results of a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery for 100 children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome [25]. T-values of the finger tapping task for the dominant and non-dominant hand were within normal limits. Performance for the grooved pegboard was normal for the dominant hand and impaired for the non-dominant hand (t=34.6). In a recent behavioural study in 11 adult Tourette patients Jonas and colleagues reported behavioural results on simple finger movements in adult Tourette patients with focus on echophenomena [4]. They described no significant difference in the reaction time of simple motor tasks between patients and a healthy controls group. However, when confronted with the task of copying a single finger movement following an incongruent biological stimulus Tourette patients showed a marked decline in performance with increased reaction times.
The clear affection of primary motor structures in recent neuroimaging studies would suggest that fine motor skills are impaired in Tourette patients [10, 11, 18, 19, 26–28]. On the other hand, clinical observations show that patients are able to suppress their tics at a certain degree of focused attention and also at some movements accomplishment, e.g. tics are often reported to be reduced in sports. Tourette patients are found among top athletes, professional piano players and neurosurgeons.
- a)
Are fine motor skills in Tourette patients altered as possibly indicated by neuroimaging studies showing changes in the motor system?
- b)
What differences in task performance can be observed between TS patients and healthy controls?
Demographic and clinical data of Tourette patients (n=21)
YGTSS global
YGTSS impairment
Current daily medication
Lifetime daily medication
Tiapride up to 600mg
Sulpiride 100mg
Sulpiride 100mg
Tiapride 100mg
Tiapride 300mg
Pimozide 2mg
Pimozide 4mg Citalopram 20mg
Pimozide 6mg Citalopram 20mg
Tiapride 400mg Methylphenidate 60mg
Tiapride 800mg Methylphenidate 60mg
Pimozide 2mg Methylphenidate 40mg
Pimozide 2mg Methylphenidate 40mg
Trimipramine 50mg
Trimipramine 50mg
Trimipramine 100mg
Trimipramine 100mg
Pimozide 2mg
Pimozide 2mg
Tiapride 100mg
Tiapride up to 400mg
The study protocol included a standardized clinical interview according to AMDP (Association for Methodology and Documentation in Psychiatry) guidelines and detailed neurological evaluation by a board certified (neurology and psychiatry) physician (I.N.), physical examination, and an assessment with the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) [29]. Psychiatric evaluation included assessment of comorbidities such as ADHD, OCD and depression according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. All patients were right handed according to the Edinburgh Handedness Test [30]. Control subjects were recruited from employees of the Research Centre Juelich and students from the RWTH Aachen University. In controls, intake of any medication, current psychiatric or neurological disorders or a history of any of them were exclusion criteria.
Clinical characteristics including Yale Global Tics Severity Scale (YGTSS), comorbidity and medication are listed in Table 1. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the RWTH Aachen University Clinic, and performed in accordance to the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants gave written informed consent.
The subtest contour copying requires the copying of a given trace without touching the lateral or back walls of the milled out trace (please see Figure 1 third row from top). It is assumed to test for the precision of arm and hand movements.
The subtest aiming requires the volunteer to tap as fast and exact as possible along a line of 20 small circles (diameter 5 mm, distance between circles 4 mm) without touching the pegboard itself (fourth row of the pegboard in Figure 1). It assesses the coordination between eye and hand within small distances.
The subtest tapping consists of the instruction to tap on a rectangular plate (40mm one side) as fast and often as possible (quadratic area in the sixth row of the pegboard in Figure 1). It measures the wrist-finger-speed.
The timing of each subtest and measurement of the correct and incorrect contacts with the pegboard is performed via the software program of the S2 – Test by Sturm and Büssing. It runs on a standard PC which is connected to the pegboard.
Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test was performed to control for normal distribution of the data. Data of the whole Tourette sample were compared to the data of the control group by means of a Mann–Whitney-U-test since no normal distribution had been revealed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test. For statistical analysis a Bonferroni-Correction was performed. This conservative procedure has been chosen due to the large number of variables in a small sample size. The corrected p-level was pBonf ≤ 0.00625 because of the application of 8 subtests. YGTSS scores were correlated with the motor subtests using Pearson's correlation coefficient. For evaluation of potential confounding influences by medication and comorbidities the subsample of Tourette patients without medication and without comorbidities was compared to the control group by Mann–Whitney-U-test. Aditionally, the medicated and non medicated subsamples of the Tourette-group were compared by Mann–Whitney-U-test.
Results (t-values mean ± standard deviation) for the whole Tourette sample (n=21)
Results (t-values mean ± standard deviation) for the control sample (n=21)
The steadiness in the control group was 53.9 ± 7.8 for the right hand and 50.8 ± 8 for the left hand (See Figure 2). Copy of contours was 45.9 ± 9.2 for the right hand and 53.9 ± 12.3 for the left hand. Aiming was 59.4 ± 10.4 for the right hand (See Figure 2) and 57.9 ± 12.9 for the left hand. Tapping was 59.8 ± 10.2 for the right hand and 59.9 ± 13.5 for the left hand.
Results (t-values mean ± standard deviation) for the Tourette subsample without comorbidity and without medication (n=10)
The steadiness in the Tourette subsample without comorbidity and without medication (n=10) was 42.7 ± 7.8 for the right hand and 42.1 ± 7.1 for the left hand. Contour copying was 42.9 ± 6.2 for the right hand and 53.6 ± 12.2 for the left hand. Aiming was 50.3 ± 15.6 for the right hand and 52.2 ± 12.1 for the left hand. Tapping was 57.9 ± 8.8 for the right hand and 62.4 ± 9.1 for the left hand.
Comparison of the whole Tourette sample (n=21) vs. controls (n=21)
Fine motor skills in Tourette patients and controls, t-values
Fine motor skills
t-values: mean ± SD TS-patients (n=21)
t-values: mean ± SD Controls (n=21)
Steadiness R*
44.2 ± 8.5
53.9 ± 7.8
Contacts by error
Copy contours R
41.5 ± 7.5
45.9 ± 9.2
Contacts by error
Aiming R*
45.7 ± 14.3
59.4 ± 10.4
Contacts outside target area
Tapping R
54.8 ± 8.6
59.8 ± 10.2
Hits in target area
Steadiness L*
41.2 ± 7
50.8 ± 8
Contacts by error
Copy contours L
49.2 ± 11.3
53.9 ± 12.3
Contacts by error
Aiming L
50.4 ± 11.3
57 ± 12.9
Contacts outside target area
Tapping L
56.8 ± 11.4
59 ± 13.5
Hits in target area
There was no significant correlation between the YGTSS total score or subscales.
Comparison of Tourette subsample without comorbidity and without medication vs. healthy controls (n=10)
There was a significant difference for the item Steadiness R between the non- medicated patients without comorbidity and the healthy controls (p=0.002).
Comparison of Tourette patients with medication (n=8) and without medication (n=13)
The comparison revealed no significant differences between the medicated and non-medicated subsamples.
In our sample of Tourette patients, following a conservative statistical method (Bonferroni-correction), the test battery consisting of steadiness, aiming, contour copying and tapping showed impaired motor skills in the subtest steadiness of the right hand, aiming of the right hand, and steadiness of the left hand. The analysis in the unmedicated subsample without comorbidities showed impairment in the subtest steadiness of the right hand.
Subtest Steadiness
The subtest steadiness requires keeping the stick very stable in a small hole without touching the inner walls. It is supposed to test for arm-head-steadiness and proved to be a very challenging task for Tourette patients. Its key characteristic is the static position and the requirement not to modify the position once taken in any way. This finding is in good agreement with work reported by Heise and colleagues on altered modulation of intracortical excitability in movement preparation in TS [1]. They investigated motorcortical excitability at rest and during the preparation of a simple motor task via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The study showed motorcortical disinhibition in TS at rest. This is in good agreement with the hypothesis from Donald Cohen stating that Tourette is due to a deficit in inhibition [32]. In our fine motor skill assessment no open motor deficit was recognized during the performance of a task such as the contour copying. This clinical observation mirror the results from Heise and colleagues, which showed that TS patients who are to perform a voluntary motor task start from an abnormally disinhibited level of short-interval intracortical inhibition early during movement preparation with subsequent modulation of the inhibitory activity input similar to healthy volunteers [1]. Thus, one could hypothesize that ongoing movements requiring continuous moving and online adaptation, e.g. contour copying or tapping, reduce the level of motor inhibition and permit in this subtest a performance within the normal range. The task steadiness however lacks this continuous moving and online adaptation of movement and therefore proved to be a harder task for Tourette patients.
Subtest Aiming
The subtest aiming analyses the coordination between eye and hand when working in small distances. This is impaired in Tourette patients with insufficient control over the dominant hand. The task requires precision and speed at the same time which puts Tourette patients under high pressure. Pressure in turn is known to increase the frequency of tics [2, 3, 16]. This finding is also in line with prior publications. They reported impairment on Tourette patients, particularly in tasks that require visuomotor integration [33, 34]. Furthermore, it was described that motor ability in Tourette patients deteriorates with increasing difficulty [4, 35, 36]. This is in line with our findings of the subtest aiming.
Subtest Tapping
In the subtest tapping, the tested wrist-finger speed was not impaired in Tourette patients. They performed as well as controls. There was no difference in speed. Also for this subtest the adaptation of motor inhibition towards a physiological level during movements as described by Heise and colleagues provides a good model for our finding [1].
- a)
disinhibition at rest and in static tasks such as steadiness
- b)
deficits in visuomotor integration.
Starting from a status of disinhibition at rest, net inhibition is subsequently increased in order to achieve an adequate motor action [1]. Heise and colleagues discuss this as a compensatory mechanism where the motor cortex acts as a "relay station", i.e. increasing inhibitory activation and thereby down-regulation neuronal excitability. So by performing e.g. the task contour copying or in daily life piano playing or drippling a basket ball the abnormal high neuronal excitability at rest in Tourette patients normalizes during the movement due to the increasing inhibitory signals from the motor cortex.
Neuroimaging results point on a pathophysiological level also to an influence of the frontal cortex. The analysis of the neuronal pattern of sequential finger tapping in an video-controlled fMRI task showed different neuronal activation patterns for the same resulting behavioural performance. One main finding was that with increasing task difficulty the incluence of frontal areas increased. This would be a good explanation of why Tourette patients perform within the normal limit in the fine motor skill tasks that demand constant motor adaptation and fine-tuning, in opposite to the task steadiness, in which no change in movement is required and therefore no change in the excitability of the system is demanded, as described by Heise and colleagues.
In our Tourette sample there was no correlation between the YGTSS subscores and the fine motor control. Thus, patients with a medium and a high tic score showed comparably fine motor skills. Therefore, an additional factor is assumed that is not mirrored by the YGTSS score and has a significant influence on motor performance. We hypothesize that this could be the degree to which patients are able to suppress their tics and to what degree focused attention decreases tic frequency. During the test battery, Tourette patients were focused on the tasks set and not distracted by other factors. On a pathophysiological level this would imply that via prefrontal input in the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit voluntary movements are modified. In an fMRI study investigating suppression of tics, Peterson and colleagues described recruitment of prefrontal areas and the anterior cingulate [26]. Kawohl and colleagues described activation in the anterior cingulate for tic suppression in a single-case study [37]. However, the different pathomechanisms compensate only partially since Tourette patients show clear deficits.
Another interesting point is the well-described abnormality of the structure and motor function of corpus callosum in Tourette patients [38]. The corpus callosum is a structure essential for bimanual coordination and unimanual lateralization, and both functions appeared to be impaired in Tourette patients [39]. These alterations found in Tourette patients, resulting from anomalous functional interhemispheric connectivity, might be reflected by the abnormality of the subtests steadiness bilaterally and aiming of the right hand.
Clinical implications
Bloch and colleagues reported in a sample of children with TS a predictive role of the motor deficits with regard to glocal social functioning and tic severity (34). They investigated a cohort of 32 children twice, once 8–14 years old and a second time in average 7.5 years later. In this cohort poor performance with the dominant hand on the Purdue Pegboard test was associated with worse adulthood tic severity. Negative results of the Beery Visual-Motor Integration test and the Purdue Pegboard test also predicted worse adulthood gobal functioning (Bloch et al. 2006 (is listed already as reference 34). Our sample differs in two important aspects from Bloch's cohort. One point is that we investigated adult Tourette patients and the other that we performed the study at one time point. However, our adult Tourette patients – so Tourette patients in whom tics persisted over childhood - present fine motor skill deficits. In this regard our data are complementary to Bloch's. From a clinical perspective the finding that fine motor skills are task-dependent might help in counselling patients and their families with regard to professional choices.
Limitations and outlook
Out of our findings arise further questions for future studies and point to limitations in our current study. Noteworthy is that in the subsample without medication and comorbidities only steadiness right –dominant hand in all patients– was significantly impaired in comparison to healthy controls. In the whole group steadiness right and left and aiming right was impaired. This on one hand underlines the robustness of the finding steadiness right, and on the other hand raises the question about lateralization of movement impairment in Tourette patients. On the basis of the well described alterations in the corpus callosum in children and adults [19, 21, 23], the sample size needs to be further increased and bimanual tasks needs to be added to the MLS test battery to disentangle possible lateralization effects from insufficient statistical power. Also, a longitudinal design with assessment before and on medication would shed light on the role of medication on the excitability of the motor system in Tourette and hence the fine motor skills [40]. Whether and to what degree comorbidities influence fine motor skills in Tourette would also require a larger sample, however the impaired steadiness on the right side seems to be a robust finding. One could also consider video-tapeing of the patients during the motor assessment as e.g. Jonas and colleagues did in their sample [4]. The positive aspect would be to analyse possible effects of tics and tic suppression on the movement performance, the negative aspect could be to increase the pressure on the patients which in turn might modify the results due to a possible increased tic frequency under additional pressure through the video-taping.
In summary, our results show that steadiness and visuomotor integration of fine motor skills are altered in our adult sample but not precision and speed of movements. This alteration pattern might be the clinical vignette of complex changes and adaptations in the excitability of the motor system in Tourette syndrome. The motor output underlies complex interactions from cortical and subcortical structures which are known to be structurally and functionally altered in Tourette. Based on neuroimaging studies, the potentially underlying neuronal network encompasses the orbitofrontal and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices, parietal cortices, the anterior cingulate, the amygdala, primary motor and sensorimotor areas and their altered corticospinal projections, the corpus callosum and the basal ganglia [15, 17, 19, 20, 24, 38, 39, 41–43].
The study was supported by the German Tourette Association. We thank the Board of Directors as well as all members of the German Tourette Association and particularly the participating Tourette patients for their commitment.
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Pre-publication history
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