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Welfare Reform Act 2009, Section 6 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 27 June 2019. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.
Revised legislation carried on this site may not be fully up to date. Changes and effects are recorded by our editorial team in lists which can be found in the 'Changes to Legislation' area. Where those effects have yet to be applied to the text of the legislation by the editorial team they are also listed alongside the legislation in the affected provisions. Use the 'more' link to open the changes and effects relevant to the provision you are viewing.
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6(1)Section 11 of the 2001 Act (loss of benefit regulations) is amended as follows.E+W+S+N.I.
(2)In subsections (1) and (2), for "sections 7 to 10" substitute " sections 6B to 10 ".
(3)In subsection (3)—
(a)in paragraph (a), after "section" insert " 6B or ",
(b)in paragraph (b), after "section" insert " 6B(6), ", and
(c)in paragraph (c), after "section" insert " 6B(7), (8), (9) or (10), ".
(4)In subsections (4) and (5), for "sections 7 to 10" substitute " sections 6B to 10 ".
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During a bone graft, a donated piece of bone is added to the site of a fracture or other bone defect. The new bone can spur bone growth, bridge a gap in a bone, provide support, and aid in healing. The new bone may come from another part of your body (autograft) or from another person (allograft). Rarely, synthetic grafts, which are not bone, are also used.
Iliac Crest Graft Harvest
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
Reasons for Procedure
Reasons for Procedure
A bone graft may be done to:
- Treat a fracture that is not healing
- Reconstruct a shattered bone
- Fill gaps in bone caused by cysts or tumors
- Fuse bones on either side of a joint
- Stimulate bone growth to help anchor an artificial joint or other implant
Possible Complications
Possible Complications
Problems from the procedure are rare, but all procedures have some risk. Your doctor will review potential problems, like:
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Nerve damage
- Rejection of a donor graft
- Anesthesia reaction
- Rarely, fat particles dislodge from the bone marrow and travel to the lung
Before your procedure, talk to your doctor about ways to manage factors that may increase your risk of complications such as:
- Smoking
- Drinking
- Chronic disease such as diabetes or obesity
What to Expect
What to Expect
Prior to Procedure
Your doctor will likely do the following:
- Physical exam
- X-rays of the bone involved
Leading up to your procedure:
- Talk to your doctor about your medications. You may be asked to stop taking some medicationss up to 1 week before the procedure.
- Review with your doctor any herbs or supplements that you take. You may be asked to stop taking some.
- Do not eat or drink anything after midnight the day before your surgery, unless told otherwise by your doctor.
- Arrange for help at home after returning from the hospital.
Depending on the procedure, you may receive:
- General anesthesia —You will be asleep.
- Local anesthesia—The area will be numbed.
Description of the Procedure
The method of treatment depends on the type and location of the bone injury or defect and the type of graft you will be receiving.
Most bone graft procedures use your own bone. The bone is often taken from the iliac crest. This is the bone at your hip, about where you would wear a belt. An incision is made over the part of the bone that will be removed. A special bone chisel will remove the piece of bone. This incision is then closed.
An incision will be made in the skin covering the area in need of repair. Any scar or dead tissue will be removed from the area. Your bone will then be reconstructed with the graft. Plates and screws may be used during the procedure to immobilize the bone. A cast or brace may be needed after the procedure.
After Procedure
An x-ray may be taken to make sure the bone is in the correct position.
How Long Will It Take?
The length of your surgery will depend on the repair needed.
How Much Will It Hurt?
Anesthesia prevents pain during the procedure. Pain and discomfort after the procedure can be managed with medication.
Average Hospital Stay
Your stay in the hospital will depend on the extent of surgery and your progress.
Post-procedure Care
During your stay, the hospital staff will take steps to reduce your chance of infection such as:
- Washing their hands
- Wearing gloves or masks
- Keeping your incisions covered
There are also steps you can take to reduce your chances of infection such as:
- Washing your hands often and reminding visitors and healthcare providers to do the same
- Reminding your healthcare providers to wear gloves or masks
- Not allowing others to touch your incisions
Care depends on the procedure and location of the bone graft:
- Do not smoke. Smoking can delay bone healing.
- Some grafts can fail. You doctor will track progress with x-rays.
Call Your Doctor
Call Your Doctor
Call your doctor if any of the following occurs:
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills
- Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or any discharge from the incision site
- Nausea and/or vomiting that you can't control with the medications you were given
- Pain that you can't control with the medications you have been given
- Pain, burning, urgency or frequency of urination, or persistent bleeding in the urine
- Cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain
- Numbness or tingling at affected site
If you think you have an emergency, call for emergency medical services right away.
Ortho Info—American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons http://www.orthoinfo.org
Canadian Orthopaedic Foundation http://www.canorth.org
Updated January 2009. Accessed June 26, 2015.
Bone grafting. The Cleveland Clinic website. Available at
Updated 2015. Accessed June 26, 2015.
Bone grafts in spine surgery. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons website. Available at:
Updated July 2010. Accessed June 26, 2015.
Last Updated: 1/27/2014


text: COC_74193 March 21, 2016 Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Your email address will not be published.CommentName* Email* Website * This form collects your name, email and content so that we can keep track of the comments placed on the website. For more info check our privacy policy where you'll get more info on where, how and why we store your data.I agree This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.


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Dear Annie...
Monday, September 06, 2010
Wensel from Tony
Hello there. Card read and must say I feel pretty good now. Yes sure you better stop at our place Sunday and go with us. Will have some fun. Better come early if you will come at all. Hurrah for a good time Sunday to Monday. Tony.
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Aunt Annie
My great Aunt Annie Bartos lived with her twin Uncle Wencil until his death at 83 and then lived by herself until she died at 90 in 1983. She was a collecter. One walked between boxes in her house. Among this treasure is a collection of about 800 postcards from about 1910 to 1924. It is my goal to share them with her descendants and with the world.
The picture above is in her garden.
If anyone has information they would like to add -- either about the identity of people or photos to add, please contact me at
. If you are a descendant of Aunt Annie and would like a copy of the cards on disc, please let me know.
I will try to posta new card every day, so please check back often. Please feel free to leave me your comments and to share this site with your friends.
Each card will have 2 views, front and back and will include my interpretation of the message [as best I can read it] including misspellings. Each card will have tags -- the year, the sender and the receiver. So if you want to see all of the cards from a certain year, you would search by that year or from a certain person, search on that name. If you click on either the front or the back view, it will open in a separate window, somewhat larger, and you can better see the details of the card.
Frank Bartos [my great grandfather] emigrated from Bohemia in 1864 at age 18, with his four siblings and his parents Martin and Kathryn. They first settled in New Prague, Minnesota before coming to Lowry, Minnesota about 4 years later.
He and his wife Frances [Chan] had five children -- Frank Philomen, Joe, John, Wencil and Annie
Joe is my grandfather. He and Annie [Kalina] lived in the Lake Reno area all of their lives.
Frank Philomen and Mary [Prchal] settled in Superior, Wisconsin.
Annie and Wencil lived on the homestead all of their lives.
John was the traveler. He was WWI veteran, but did not serve overseas. He worked in Colorado and died in a freak accident, we believe, struck by lightning.
Annie Bartos
Annie and Elizabeth Bisek
John Bartos
Wencil Bartos and John P. Chan
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Home / Run Wild 2
Run Wild 2
Architectural details and floral motifs on a yellow backdrop make for a captivating piece.
Ready To Wear
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We facilitate all our clients to exchange their purchased articles, provided they have made the purchase in Pakistan, online or at any of our store.
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Major Section: MISCELLANEOUS
Below we begin a detailed presentation of ACL2 arrays. ACL2's single-threaded objects (see stobj) provide a similar functionality that is generally more efficient but also more restrictive. Related topics:
:default from the header of a 1- or 2-dimensional array
:dimensions from the header of a 1- or 2-dimensional array
:maximum-length from the header of an array
ACL2 provides relatively efficient 1- and 2-dimensional arrays. Arrays are awkward to provide efficiently in an applicative language because the programmer rightly expects to be able to ``modify'' an array object with the effect of changing the behavior of the element accessing function on that object. This, of course, does not make any sense in an applicative setting. The element accessing function is, after all, a function, and its behavior on a given object is immutable. To ``modify'' an array object in an applicative setting we must actually produce a new array object. Arranging for this to be done efficiently is a challenge to the implementors of the language. In addition, the programmer accustomed to the von Neumann view of arrays must learn how to use immutable applicative arrays efficiently.
In this note we explain 1-dimensional arrays. In particular, we explain briefly how to create, access, and ``modify'' them, how they are implemented, and how to program with them. 2-dimensional arrays are dealt with by analogy.
The Logical Description of ACL2 Arrays
An ACL2 1-dimensional array is an object that associates arbitrary
objects with certain integers, called ``indices.'' Every array has a
dim, which is a positive integer. The indices of an
array are the consecutive integers from
0 through
dim-1. To obtain
the object associated with the index
i in an array
a, one uses
(aref1 name a i).
Name is a symbol that is irrelevant to the
semantics of
aref1 but affects the speed with which it computes. We
will talk more about array ``names'' later. To produce a new array
object that is like
a but which associates
val with index
i, one
(aset1 name a i val).
An ACL2 1-dimensional array is actually an alist. There is no
special ACL2 function for creating arrays; they are generally built
with the standard list processing functions
list and
cons. However,
there is a special ACL2 function, called
compress1, for speeding up
access to the elements of such an alist. We discuss
One element of the alist must be the ``header'' of the array. The
header of a 1-dimensional array with dimension
dim is of the form:
(:HEADER :DIMENSIONS (dim) :MAXIMUM-LENGTH max :DEFAULT obj :NAME name).
Obj may be any object and is called the ``default value'' of the
Max must be an integer greater than
Name must be a
symbol. The
default and
:name entries are optional; if
default is
omitted, the default value is
nil. The function
header, when given
a name and a 1- or 2-dimensional array, returns the header of the
array. The functions
maximum-length, and
default are
similar and return the corresponding fields of the header of the
array. The role of the
dimensions field is obvious: it specifies
the legal indices into the array. The roles played by the
maximum-length and
default fields are described below.
Aside from the header, the other elements of the alist must each be
of the form
(i . val), where
i is an integer and
0 <= i < dim, and
val is an arbitrary object.
(Aref1 name a i) is guarded so that
name must be a symbol,
a must be
an array and
i must be an index into
a. The value of
(aref1 name a i) is either
(cdr (assoc i a)) or else is the
default value of
a, depending on whether there is a pair in
car is
i. Note that
name is irrelevant to the value of
aref1 expression. You might
:pe aref1 to see how simple
the definition is.
(Aset1 name a i val) is guarded analogously to the
aref1 expression.
The value of the
aset1 expression is essentially
(cons (cons i val) a). Again,
name is irrelevant. Note
(aset1 name a i val) is an array,
a', with the property that
(aref1 name a' i) is
val and, except for index
i, all other
indices into
a' produce the same value as in
a. Note also
that if
a is viewed as an alist (which it is) the pair
i to its old value is in
a' but ``covered up'' by
the new pair. Thus, the length of an array grows by one when
aset1 is done.
aset1 covers old values with new ones, an array produced by
a sequence of
aset1 calls may have many irrelevant pairs in it. The
compress1 removes these irrelevant pairs. Thus,
(compress1 name a) returns an array that is equivalent
aref1) to
a but which may be shorter. For technical
reasons, the alist returned by
compress1 may also list the pairs
in a different order than listed in
To prevent arrays from growing excessively long due to repeated
aset1 operations,
aset1 actually calls
compress1 on the new
alist whenever the length of the new alist exceeds the
maximum-length entry,
max, in the header of the array. See
the definition of
aset1 (for example by using
pe). This is
primarily just a mechanism for freeing up
cons space consumed
while doing
aset1 operations.
This completes the logical description of 1-dimensional arrays.
2-dimensional arrays are analogous. The
dimensions entry of the
header of a 2-dimensional array should be
(dim1 dim2). A pair of
i and
j, is legal iff
0 <= i < dim1 and
0 <= j < dim2.
maximum-length must be greater than
compress2 are like their counterparts but take an additional
index argument. Finally, the pairs in a 2-dimensional array are of
the form
((i . j) . val).
The Implementation of ACL2 Arrays
Very informally speaking, the function
compress1 ``creates'' an
ACL2 array that provides fast access, while the function
``maintains'' fast access. We now describe this informal idea more
Aref1 is essentially
assoc. If
aref1 were implemented naively the
time taken to access an array element would be linear in the
dimension of the array and the number of ``assignments'' to it (the
number of
aset1 calls done to create the array from the initial
alist). This is intolerable; arrays are ``supposed'' to provide
constant-time access and change.
The apparently irrelevant names associated with ACL2 arrays allow us to provide constant-time access and change when arrays are used in ``conventional'' ways. The implementation of arrays makes it clear what we mean by ``conventional.''
Recall that array names are symbols. Behind the scenes, ACL2 associates two objects with each ACL2 array name. The first object is called the ``semantic value'' of the name and is an alist. The second object is called the ``raw lisp array'' and is a Common Lisp array.
(compress1 name alist) builds a new alist,
a', it sets the
semantic value of
name to that new alist. Furthermore, it creates a
Common Lisp array and writes into it all of the index/value pairs of
a', initializing unassigned indices with the default value. This
array becomes the raw lisp array of
Compress1 then returns
a', the semantic value, as its result, as required by the definition
(aref1 name a i) is invoked,
aref1 first determines whether the
semantic value of
name is
a (i.e., is
eq to the alist
a). If so,
aref1 can determine the
ith element of
a by invoking Common Lisp's
aref function on the raw lisp array associated with name. Note that
no linear search of the alist
a is required; the operation is done
in constant time and involves retrieval of two global variables, an
eq test and
jump, and a raw lisp array access. In fact, an ACL2
array access of this sort is about 5 times slower than a C array
access. On the other hand, if
name has no semantic value or if it
is different from
a, then
aref1 determines the answer by linear
search of
a as suggested by the
assoc-like definition of
aref1 always returns the axiomatically specified result. It
returns in constant time if the array being accessed is the current
semantic value of the name used. The ramifications of this are
discussed after we deal with
(aset1 name a i val) is invoked,
aset1 does two
conses to
create the new array. Call that array
a'. It will be returned as
the answer. (In this discussion we ignore the case in which
does a
compress1.) However, before returning,
aset1 determines if
name's semantic value is
a. If so, it makes the new semantic value
name be
a' and it smashes the raw lisp array of
name with
val at
i, before returning
a' as the result. Thus, after doing an
aset1 and obtaining a new semantic value
a', all
aref1s on that new
array will be fast. Any
aref1s on the old semantic value,
a, will
be slow.
To understand the performance implications of this design, consider
the chronological sequence in which ACL2 (Common Lisp) evaluates
expressions: basically inner-most first, left-to-right,
call-by-value. An array use, such as
(aref1 name a i), is ``fast''
(constant-time) if the alist supplied,
a, is the value returned by
the most recently executed
compress1 or
aset1 on the name supplied.
In the functional expression of ``conventional'' array processing,
all uses of an array are fast.
:name field of the header of an array is completely irrelevant.
Our convention is to store in that field the symbol we mean to use
as the name of the raw lisp array. But no ACL2 function inspects
:name and its primary value is that it allows the user, by
inspecting the semantic value of the array -- the alist -- to recall
the name of the raw array that probably holds that value. We say
``probably'' since there is no enforcement that the alist was
compressed under the name in the header or that all
asets used that
name. Such enforcement would be inefficient.
Some Programming Examples
In the following examples we will use ACL2 ``global variables'' to hold several arrays. See @, and see assign.
Let the
state global variable
a be the 1-dimensional compressed
array of dimension
5 constructed below.
ACL2 !>(assign a (compress1 'demo '((:header :dimensions (5) :maximum-length 15 :default uninitialized :name demo) (0 . zero))))Then
(aref1 'demo (@ a) 0) is
zero and
(aref1 'demo (@ a) 1) is
Now execute
ACL2 !>(assign b (aset1 'demo (@ a) 1 'one))Then
(aref1 'demo (@ b) 0) is
zero and
(aref1 'demo (@ b) 1) is
All of the
aref1s done so far have been ``fast.''
Note that we now have two array objects, one in the global variable
a and one in the global variable
B was obtained by assigning to
a. That assignment does not affect the alist
a because this is an
applicative language. Thus,
(aref1 'demo (@ a) 1) must still be
uninitialized. And if you execute that expression in ACL2 you will
see that indeed it is. However, a rather ugly comment is printed,
namely that this array access is ``slow.'' The reason it is slow is
that the raw lisp array associated with the name
demo is the array
we are calling
b. To access the elements of
aref1 must now do a
linear search. Any reference to
a as an array is now
``unconventional;'' in a conventional language like Ada or Common
Lisp it would simply be impossible to refer to the value of the
array before the assignment that produced our
Now let us define a function that counts how many times a given
x, occurs in an array. For simplicity, we will pass in the
name and highest index of the array:
ACL2 !>(defun cnt (name a i x) (declare (xargs :guard (and (array1p name a) (integerp i) (>= i -1) (< i (car (dimensions name a)))) :mode :logic :measure (nfix (+ 1 i)))) (cond ((zp (1+ i)) 0) ; return 0 if i is at most -1 ((equal x (aref1 name a i)) (1+ (cnt name a (1- i) x))) (t (cnt name a (1- i) x))))To determine how many times
zero appears in
(@ b) we can execute:
ACL2 !>(cnt 'demo (@ b) 4 'zero)The answer is
1. How many times does
uninitialized appear in
(@ b)?
ACL2 !>(cnt 'demo (@ b) 4 'uninitialized)The answer is
3, because positions
3 and
4 of the array contain
that default value.
Now imagine that we want to assign
'two to index
2 and then count
how many times the 2nd element of the array occurs in the array.
This specification is actually ambiguous. In assigning to
b we
produce a new array, which we might call
c. Do we mean to count the
occurrences in
c of the 2nd element of
b or the 2nd element of
That is, do we count the occurrences of
uninitialized or the
occurrences of
two? If we mean the former the correct answer is
3 and
4 are
uninitialized in
c); if we mean the latter,
the correct answer is
1 (there is only one occurrence of
two in
Below are ACL2 renderings of the two meanings, which we call
[former] and
[latter]. (Warning: Our description of these
examples, and of an example
[fast former] that follows, assumes
that only one of these three examples is actually executed; for
example, they are not executed in sequence. See ``A Word of
Warning'' below for more about this issue.)
(cnt 'demo (aset1 'demo (@ b) 2 'two) 4 (aref1 'demo (@ b) 2)) ; [former]Note that in
(let ((c (aset1 'demo (@ b) 2 'two))) ; [latter] (cnt 'demo c 4 (aref1 'demo c 2)))
[former] we create
c in the second argument of the
call to
cnt (although we do not give it a name) and then refer to
in the fourth argument. This is unconventional because the second
reference to
b in
[former] is no longer the semantic value of
While ACL2 computes the correct answer, namely
2, the execution of
aref1 expression in
[former] is done slowly.
A conventional rendering with the same meaning is
(let ((x (aref1 'demo (@ b) 2))) ; [fast former] (cnt 'demo (aset1 'demo (@ b) 2 'two) 4 x))which fetches the 2nd element of
b before creating
c by
assignment. It is important to understand that
[former] and
[fast former] mean exactly the same thing: both count the number
of occurrences of
uninitialized in
c. Both are legal ACL2 and
both compute the same answer,
2. Indeed, we can symbolically
[fast former] into
[former] merely by substituting
the binding of
x for
x in the body of the
let. But
[fast former]
can be evaluated faster than
[former] because all of the
references to
demo use the then-current semantic value of
demo, which is
b in the first line and
c throughout the
execution of the
cnt in the second line.
[Fast former] is
the preferred form, both because of its execution speed and its
clarity. If you were writing in a conventional language you would
have to write something like
[fast former] because there is no
way to refer to the 2nd element of the old value of
b after
b unless it had been saved first.
We turn now to
[latter]. It is both clear and efficient. It
c by assignment to
b and then it fetches the 2nd element of
two, and proceeds to count the number of occurrences in
c. The
answer is
[Latter] is a good example of typical ACL2 array
manipulation: after the assignment to
b that creates
c is used
It takes a while to get used to this because most of us have grown
accustomed to the peculiar semantics of arrays in conventional
languages. For example, in raw lisp we might have written something
like the following, treating
b as a ``global variable'':
(cnt 'demo (aset 'demo b 2 'two) 4 (aref 'demo b 2))which sort of resembles
[former] but actually has the semantics of
[latter] because the
b from which
aref fetches the 2nd element is
not the same
b used in the
aset! The array
b is destroyed by the
aset and
b henceforth refers to the array produced by the
aset, as
written more clearly in
A Word of Warning: Users must exercise care when experimenting with
[latter] and
[fast former]. Suppose you have
just created
b with the assignment shown above,
ACL2 !>(assign b (aset1 'demo (@ a) 1 'one))If you then evaluate
[former] in ACL2 it will complain that the
aref1 is slow and compute the answer, as discussed. Then suppose
you evaluate
[latter] in ACL2. From our discussion you might expect
it to execute fast -- i.e., issue no complaint. But in fact you
will find that it complains repeatedly. The problem is that the
evaluation of
[former] changed the semantic value of
demo so that it
is no longer
b. To try the experiment correctly you must make
b be
the semantic value of
demo again before the next example is
evaluated. One way to do that is to execute
ACL2 !>(assign b (compress1 'demo (@ b)))before each expression. Because of issues like this it is often hard to experiment with ACL2 arrays at the top-level. We find it easier to write functions that use arrays correctly and efficiently than to so use them interactively.
This last assignment also illustrates a very common use of
compress1. While it was introduced as a means of removing
irrelevant pairs from an array built up by repeated assignments, it
is actually most useful as a way of insuring fast access to the
elements of an array.
Many array processing tasks can be divided into two parts. During
the first part the array is built. During the second part the array
is used extensively but not modified. If your programming task can
be so divided, it might be appropriate to construct the array
entirely with list processing, thereby saving the cost of
maintaining the semantic value of the name while few references are
being made. Once the alist has stabilized, it might be worthwhile
to treat it as an array by calling
compress1, thereby gaining
constant time access to it.
ACL2's theorem prover uses this technique in connection with its
implementation of the notion of whether a rune is disabled or not.
Associated with every rune is a unique integer
index, called its
``nume.'' When each rule is stored, the corresponding nume is
stored as a component of the rule. Theories are lists of runes and
membership in the ``current theory'' indicates that the
corresponding rule is enabled. But these lists are very long and
membership is a linear-time operation. So just before a proof
begins we map the list of runes in the current theory into an alist
that pairs the corresponding numes with
t. Then we compress this
alist into an array. Thus, given a rule we can obtain its nume
(because it is a component) and then determine in constant time
whether it is enabled. The array is never modified during the
proof, i.e.,
aset1 is never used in this example. From the logical
perspective this code looks quite odd: we have replaced a
linear-time membership test with an apparently linear-time
after going to the trouble of mapping from a list of runes to an
alist of numes. But because the alist of numes is an array, the
``apparently linear-time
assoc'' is more apparent than real; the
operation is constant-time.


text:
Watch These Kittens Falling Off of Things — Daily Distraction
[onescreen item="5119706"]
Cats are known for always landing on their feet, but apparently they aren't born with that gift.
As graceful and dignified as fully grown cats appear, when they're kittens they can be remarkably clumsy. The idea that a bed or a chair or a couch might have an edge, with the floor several feet below, seems completely foreign to them.
The Daily Distraction is your Internet break from reality. Whether you're eating lunch at your desk or avoiding high school exes on Facebook, you might just laugh, say "aaahhh" or not believe what you just watched.


text:
Used Vehicle Search - Makes Beginning with "I"
Below is an alphabetical list of all of the manufacturers (makes) whose name begins with an "I". We have shown all of the models for which we have vehicles for sale. If you are unable to find the used make and model combination your are searching for,
please place a Free Used Vehicle Want Ad.
More used vehicle search options can be found here.»
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text:
Following the easy packing tips below will make for quicker packing and greater chances of a problem-free trip.
1. Pack a smart carry-on. Pack a change of clothes, medicine, eyeglasses, toiletries and anything else you cannot live without in a carry-on in the event your luggage is lost or delayed.
2. Reduce wrinkling. Pack clothes in tissue paper and place in plastic bags.
3. Save space by rolling clothes rather than folding them. This also can decrease your chances of wrinkling.
4. Be realistic. Pack only what you need and leave the rest at home for another time. Those who travel frequently say to lay out everything you want to pack but then only pack half of it.
5. Pack extra underwear. This is the only time you can break the less is more rule.
6. Pack a couple of plastic bags. They don't take up much space and are useful for separating wet or dirty clothing.
7. Pack toiletries in a plastic bag. Air pressure changes may cause breaks or leaking. Also keep in mind that bag handlers are not known for being gentle with your bags.
8. Think comfort. Take comfortable clothes that are easy to clean and care for. Pack comfortable shoes and only those that you have worn before. Traveling is not the time to break in new shoes.
9. Always pack a small umbrella – just in case.
10. Consider packing an empty lightweight and expandable bag. This will come in handy for purchases when it comes time to pack up and return home.
11. If traveling with a companion, exchange at least one outfit to pack in one another's bag. This will come in handy if one bag is lost or delayed.
12. Choose lightweight luggage and bags with wheels. You never know how far you will have to carry your bags once you arrive at your destination.
13. Make a list of all items in checked bags. If your luggage is lost you will have an easier time making a claim.
14. Use luggage tags on all bags – carry on and checked – with your name and contact information.
15. Mark your bags with something unique (a red ribbon, a fun sticker). This will make it easier for you to identify and more difficult for someone else to mistake as theirs. This will also come in handy if you lose your bags and need to describe them to an agent.
16. Don't leave your packing to the last minute. Packing in advance reduces your chances of forgetting items and allows you time to purchase those you still need.
17. Have fun! Packing should not be stressful. Consider it the first leg of your journey!
Before You Go > Packing for Children > First Aid & Emergency Numbers
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Poll: What's your favorite system for gaming in the living room?
Desktop PCs are great for gaming. However, some of us would rather play in the living room, where we can sink into a couch,...
Poll Question: • Favorite gaming system for the living room?
Type: News story Tags: Gaming
Which game is the new champ of PC visuals?
If you've seen the latest round of games, you'll know what I mean when I say that we've clearly entered a new era in PC...
Poll Question: • What's the best-looking PC game?
Type: News story Tags: Graphics Gaming
Poll: How will Kepler fare against the Radeon HD 7970?
If you've been paying attention to the GPU scene, you'll know that AMD's next-generation graphics architecture has already arrived in the Radeon HD 7970....
Poll Question: • Kepler's gaming performance will be:
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Poll: What's the best PC game of 2011?
This holiday season has been a busy one on the PC gaming front. Looking back, so has the year as a whole. We've...
Poll Question: • Best PC game of 2011?
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Poll: Battlefield 3 or Modern Warfare 3?
Modern Warfare 3 looks like it's going to set all kinds of records for the biggest entertainment launch in history. It's not the only...
Poll Question: • I'd rather play:
Type: News story Tags: Gaming
Poll: How should PC games deliver higher-quality art assets?
A disturbing trend seems to be taking hold in the gaming industry: delays to the PC versions of cross-platform releases that otherwise come out on...
Poll Question: • Would you rather PC games be:
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Poll: The third dimension
I went to see the new Harry Potter movie the other day, and predictably, the most convenient screening available at 9 PM on a Saturday...
Poll Question: • When it comes to stereoscopic 3D, I prefer:
Type: News story Tags: Multimedia Gaming
Poll: Which PC gaming sin is the most egregious?
It's high time for a new poll, and Bruno's excellent blog post on the 10 commandments of PC games is perfect fodder. Bruno...
Poll Question: • Most egregious PC gaming sin:
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Poll: What's the best first-person shooter weapon?
First-person shooters have defined gaming on the PC. Because FPS titles tend to be about, well, shooting things, the weapons available in each game...
Poll Question: • Best FPS weapon:
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Poll: Do you prefer single- or multiplayer gaming?
Valve is in the news this week with word that Portal 2 might be the studio's last "isolated single-player experience." There's much debate...
Poll Question: • Which game mode do you prefer?
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Poll: Rawest tech deal?
Sometimes, life gives you a raw deal. Other times, the tech industry is the one handing out crappy cards. Crysis 2's $60 asking...
Poll Question: • Rawest deal:
Type: News story Tags: Chipsets Gaming Personal tech
Poll: What's your pick of upcoming games?
We're set for a bumper crop of top-flight games in 2011, and the toughest part of the story may simply be choosing which games to...
Poll Question: • Game you're most anticipating
Type: News story Tags: Storage Gaming
Poll: Do you buy games via online services?
Valve is projected to have raked in a cool $1 billion via its Steam content delivery service last year. We're fans of Steam,...
Poll Question: • Do you purchase most of your PC games via online services?
Type: News story Tags: Gaming
Poll: Your most anticipated PC game
Each holiday season, a torrent of new PC games floods the market. This year is no different, although publishers seem to be spacing things...
Poll Question: • Most anticipated PC game?
Type: News story Tags: Gaming
Poll: Do you play FPS games on consoles or the PC?
In this week's installment of Executives Say the Darndest Things, Xbox Kinect creator Kudo Tsunoda surprisingly claimed that "hardly anyone plays first person shooters...
Poll Question: • I play first-person shooters primarily on...
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Poll: What will be the best PC game of the season?
It's that time of year again. Days are shorter, the weather is colder, folks are putting up decorations and prepping for the holiday shopping rush,...
Poll Question: • What will be the best PC game of the season?
Type: News story Tags: Gaming
Poll: What's the best PC game of 2008?
Say what you will about the latest AMD and Nvidia graphics cards; most folks use them for the same purpose: playing games. With the year...
Poll Question: • What's the best PC game of 2008?
Type: News story Tags: Gaming
Poll: Which PC game are you most looking forward to this year?
In case you haven't noticed, there's a boatload of new games heading to PCs and consoles before the end of this year. From Bethesda's
Poll Question: • Which PC game are you most looking forward to this year?
Type: News story Tags: Gaming
|Official Overclocking: Intel's Performance Maximizer reviewed
|Raspberry Pi 4 sports a faster SoC and dual displays for $35
|Bargain basement: 32 GB of 3000 MT/s memory for $117, and a lot more
|Fish Tales: I watercooled my Vive
|You're not charging it wrong: Apple recalls some MacBook Pros for battery safety
|Intel graphics driver 26.20 says "game on" for Steel Division 2, F1 2019, and more
|FSP Dagger Pros pack 650W into petite SFX PSUs
|National Ice Cream Soda Day Shortbread
|Bargain basement: a 32", 144-Hz LG 32GK650F-B monitor for $310, and much more
|Thanks for writing this Ben. Nice walkthrough of the featureset both theoretical and practical. Purportedly, that's what us Gerbils like.


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KidoZen's mobile app product now offers a mobile data virtualization function for managing information at the data source level. With more software application developers now focused on both mobile in general and specific Mobile Device Management (MDM) tasks, this could be described as a virtual front-end to enterprises backend systems.
The firm says it is evolving enterprise mobile operations management from simply "managing devices and applications" to managing the "business data" consumed by mobile apps.
KidoZen Mobile Data Virtualization creates a virtual representation for all the data required for consumption by enterprise mobile applications. Enterprise system administrators use the Data Source Catalog as a listing of all data items available from their systems for use by mobile application developers.
The developer proposition here is as follows: This tool promises to reduce the complexity mobile app developers face by removing enterprise backend system knowledge from underlying mobile data access needs.
Instead of directly invoking APIs, which require developers to know where data resides and the intricacies of each data source, mobile applications can now use a consistent API to query data from enterprise backend systems.
"As more and more enterprises look to grow their mobile projects, they need a foundation to be able to correspondingly scale their user policies, security, and compliance," said Chris Marsh, principal analyst, Yankee Group. "A range of Mobile Device Management (MDM) and Mobile Application Management (MAM) tools has emerged to address this need but they have often come with a trade-off either in the operational deployment or in the end-user experience. Approaches such as Kidozen's Mobile Data Virtualization give enterprises a much more granular control over their data."