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Monday Economics workshops take place each Monday during term time. Please find a list of workshops for the current term below. The location of the workshop may change over the course of the term so please check this site for updates. Click on the workshop title for more information about each workshop and the speaker(s).
No items are currently available.
Past seminars
- Spring Term 2020
- 27 January
Intergenerational Transmission of Bilingualism and the Labour Market: Evidence from Mexico
Diego de la Fuente Stevens (University of Sussex)
This study demonstrates a series of links between minority language skills, their transmission across generations and employment opportunities. Using a detailed matching procedure, we estimate the likelihood of being employed for bilingual versus monolingual men for a large number of Mexican indigenous groups. We find that for indigenous groups, retaining the minority language along with Spanish increases employment opportunities. Furthermore, using the Mexican census household micro data, we show that the languages that are associated with larger labour market benefits, are more likely to be passed on from parents to children, controlling for other factors. Overall, this study shows that continuity of minority languages across generations is linked to concrete economic benefits and labour market specialisation, along with the usual social factors within the family and the community.
- 3 February
Publishing while female 2.0
Richard Tol (University of Sussex)
We study 165,000 decisions made between 2002 and 2018 by the editors of 35 economics and finance journals. Female-authored papers take longer to review and, in economics, are revised more often. In economics, female editors are faster. Boards with more females are faster in economics, but slower in finance, unless the author is female. Female-authored papers are less likely to be rejected. Female editors desk-reject more, their male colleagues less. It appears that male editors change their behaviour when there are women on the editorial board.
- 10 February
Public Insurance and Marital Outcomes: evidence from the Medicaid Expansion (joint work with Sarah Rosenberg)
Tom Potoms (University of Sussex)
Marriage provides both non-monetary benefits, like love, and monetary benefits, like formal and informal insurance. The more generous are public insurance programs for individuals, the less valuable the monetary benefits of marriage become. We explore how this tradeoff affects marriage in the context of the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansion in the United States. The expansion of Medicaid reduced individuals' exposure outside of marriage to the risk of health shocks and associated financial shocks. A naive hypothesis might be that such an expansion is "bad" for marriage since it reduces the financial incentive for marriage. We show theoretically and empirically that while Medicaid expansion does decrease the marriage rate, it also reduces the divorce rate of new marriages, consistent with an increase in match quality. It also reduces the divorce rate of already-married couples, which we reconcile via the general equilibrium effects on intra-household allocations. Finally, we show that these effects are similar for individuals who do not directly gain coverage as a result of the expansion, suggesting that the mere existence of public insurance affects individual marital behavior. Taken together, our findings illustrate that even when public insurance reduces the monetary benefits of marriage, the effects on marriage overall may be positive.
- 17 February
A non-parametric re-assessment of the trade effects of the euro using value added data
Pierluigi Montalbano (Sapienza University)
This work presents an original contribution to the debate on the trade effects of the euro, recently revamped by Glick and Rose (2016). It provides a re-assessment of the effects of the euro by focusing on trade in value added and applying non-parametric matching techniques that control for non-linearity-with-self-selection. In line with Persson (2001), we show a less positive post-assessment of the euro effect on intra-EMU trade flows. However, we detect a robust positive impact of the euro on trade shares in selected value added components net to the single market effect. These results are robust to a large set of sensitivity checks.
- 24 February
Mixture Choice Functions: A Tool To Identify Preferences and Cognition - Joint with Valentino Dardanoni, Marco Mariotti and Henrik Petri
Paola Manzini (University of Sussex)
A mixture choice function (MCF) is a finite mixture of deterministic choice functions. Any choice behaviour on menus that is described by a stochastic choice function (SCF) can be encoded by some MCF provided that the support of the mixture is large enough (in particular attaching positive weight to "non-rational" choice functions); but an MCF records in addition the link between choices across menus. We exploit this feature of an MCF to provide a general framework for identifying preference and cognitive parameters affecting choice. Furthermore, we show the power of the framework to identify preference and cognitive distributions in specific models of choice, both theoretically and through application to an experimental dataset.
- 2 March
Beliefs in Repeated Games - Authors: Masaki Aoyagi, Guillaume R. Frechette, and Sevgi Yuksel
Guillaume Frechette (New York University)
This paper uses a laboratory experiment to study the formation and evolution of beliefs and their relationship to action and strategy choices in finitely and indefinitely repeated prisoner's dilemma games. This novel data set provides insights on the drivers of non-equilibrium behavior in finitely repeated games, and equilibrium selection in indefinitely repeated games. On average, beliefs reflect actions fairly accurately and thus showing distinct patterns across treatments, in particular for rounds close to the end of finitely repeated games. However, they also display small, systematic, and insightful deviations, such as early pessimism in indefinite games and late optimism in finite games. Using a novel technique to study beliefs over strategies, we show that subjects who play different strategies have different beliefs. Furthermore, those strategy choices can be related to beliefs in a meaningful way.
- 9 March
Necessary and sufficient conditions for demand to be normal
Pawel Dziewulski (University of Sussex)
We discuss conditions on consumer preferences under which the demand for a good is normal, i.e., it increases with respect to income. We show that a condition dubbed 'parallelogram property' is sufficient for this to hold; it is also necessary within the class of convex preferences. In addition, once applied to production technology of a firm, the parallelogram property is necessary and sufficient for a profit-maximizing output level to be decreasing in input prices.
- 27 January
- Autumn Term 2019
- 7 October
Revealing a Preference for Mixtures: An Experimental Study of Risk
John Rehbeck (Ohio State University)
Using a revealed preference approach, we conduct an experiment where subjects make choices from linear budgets in the domain of risk. We find that many individuals prefer mixtures of lotteries in ways that systematically rule out expected utility behavior. We then explore the extent to which an individual's risk preferences are related to a ``preference for randomization" by comparing choices from the convex choice task to the decisions made in a repeated discrete choice task. We find that risk preferences are correlated with a ``preference for randomization".
- 14 October
When time is power: Intertemporal consumption with bargaining between anticipating, remembering, and experiencing selves
Tom Potoms (University of Sussex)
We posit that intertemporal consumption is the outcome of a bargaining process between an anticipating, a remembering, and an experiencing self. The anticipating self attaches more value to future consumption, while the remembering self values early consumption more. Pareto efficiency then predicts that future consumption is mainly decided by the anticipating self, whereas early consumption is mainly chosen by the remembering self. We use a nonparametric version of this model to study intertemporal consumption patterns in the Encuesta Continua de Presupuestos Familiares.
- 21 October
Discrimination by Politicians against Religious Minorities: Evidence from the UK
Lee Crawfurd (University of Sussex)
Do politicians discriminate against minority religious groups? In this correspondence study we test for differences in the responsiveness of elected local representatives in the UK to requests from purported constituents from minority religious groups. We document the average degree of bias against these groups across all elected representatives. We send short requests to approximately 10,000 local government representatives from each of the main political parties, from stereotypically Islamic, Jewish, and nondescript names. Response rates are 6 to 7 percentage points lower to stereotypically Muslim or Jewish names. Response rates to Jewish and Muslim names from Labour Party councillors show less bias than from other parties.
- 28 October
Juvenile Incarceration and Adult Recidivism - Tomás Cortés, Nicolás Grau, and Jorge Rivera
Nicolas Grau (Universidad de Chile, visiting UCL)
Juvenile incarceration is a common practice worldwide, despite the controversies surrounding it. Using Chilean administrative data we assess the causal impact of pre-trial juvenile detention on recidivism in young adulthood (18-21 years old), finding an increase of 28 percentage points (pp). Similarly, if the treatment is defined as any type of incarceration (i.e. pre-trial detention or post-conviction incarceration), its impact is equal to 36 pp. To address the endogeneity of these treatments, we use the quasi random assignment of detention judges and public attorneys to the accused. Our results suggest that an important mechanism behind these impacts is the effect of incarceration on high school graduation. Indeed, the effect of pre-trial detention on recidivism is considerably larger when the prosecution starts during the second semester of the academic year, when there is a high chance that the timing affects the ability of the accused to successfully finish the year.
- 4 November
Wealth and Safety: Uncertainty and the Demand for Safe Assets, joint with Simon Boserup (University of Copenhagen), Alexandre Kohlhas (University of Stockholm) and Ansgar Walther (Imperial College London). & Male Fertility: Facts, Distribution and Drivers of Inequality. joint with Andreas Kotsadam and Bernt Bratsberg (Frisch Centre, University of Oslo)
Selma Walther (University of Sussex)
Investors' "flight to safety" in response to higher uncertainty is a key hypothesis in theories of financial cycles but little microeconomic evidence exists. We show that households facing exogenous increases in labour market uncertainty rebalance their financial portfolios in favour of safe assets, reducing their exposure to the stock market. The effect differs by wealth: while the rich exhibit flight to safety when times are bad, the poor deplete their cash reserves and enter the stock market, taking on additional risk. This has implications for inequality in the impacts of heightened uncertainty.
We characterise patterns of male fertility in recent decades and identify three surprising facts: a high rate of childlessness among the poorest men, an increase in inequality in fertility outcomes across the wealth distribution, and a concomitant rise in single status. We use firm bankruptcies to identify the impact of earnings losses on male family outcomes and provide the first evidence that poor labour market outcomes are a key reason behind the increase in the number of "left behind" men who remain childless and single, consistent with the rise in earnings inequality over recent decades.
- 11 November
Stable marriage, household consumption and unobserved match quality
Bram De Rock (ECARES, Université Libre de Bruxelles)
We present a methodology for the structural empirical analysis of marital matching patterns that allows us to evaluate individuals' trade-os between material benefits (i.e., real consumption) and immaterial benefits (i.e., unobserved match quality) from marriage. We focus on a setting in which agents can be divided into observable types, with common preferences within a type. Our general methodology includes both general utilities and quasi-linear (i.e., transferable) utilities of the individual household members, and assumes stability of marriage as the equilibrium condition that characterizes the observed partner choices. The basic ingredients of our methodology are testable revealed preference conditions for marital stability that are intrinsically nonparametric, which enables an empirical investigation that is robust to functional specification error. We also demonstrate the practical usefulness of our methodology through an application to the Belgian MEqIn data.
- 18 November
The impact of selling-off public housing on crime and other social outcomes - (with John Gathergood, Nottingham; Steve Machin (CEP, LSE) and Matteo Sandi (CEP, LSE)
Richard Disney (University of Sussex)
The Right-to-Buy policy, by which council tenants could buy their properties at heavily discounted prices, constitutes a large scale experiment in the UK with long term implications. We examine the effect of the policy on crime rates and other social outcomes up to 30 years after the policy was initiated. We discuss whether our results are consistent with the urban gentrification models that have been developed in the US in recent years, or with other models of behavioural change.
I am a PT Professor of Economics at Sussex, a Research Associate at the CEP, LSE, and a Research Fellow at the Institute for Fiscal Studies.
- 25 November
Beliefs about the Stock Market and Stock Investment: Evidence from a Field Experiment - co-authored with Christine Laudenbach and Annika Weber (both Goethe University Frankfurt)
Johannes Wohlfart (University of Copenhagen)
We examine how retail investors' beliefs in momentum and mean reversion of aggregate stock returns causally affect their expectation formation and their trading behavior. We conduct a survey on a sample of retail investors in which we first elicit beliefs about whether aggregate stock returns have momentum or mean-revert. After that we provide a random half of our respondents with information on the low degree of aggregate predictability of the stock market, that has been extensively documented by the literature. We then ask our respondents on their expected stock returns over the next 12 months and their trading plans. By linking the experimental variation in beliefs with administrative investment records of clients at a large German brokerage firm, we also examine how de-biasing investors affects stock sales and purchases and overall risk-taking.
We characterise patterns of male fertility in recent decades and identify three surprising facts: a high rate of childlessness among the poorest men, an increase in inequality in fertility outcomes across the wealth distribution, and a concomitant rise in single status. We use firm bankruptcies to identify the impact of earnings losses on male family outcomes and provide the first evidence that poor labour market outcomes are a key reason behind the increase in the number of "left behind" men who remain childless and single, consistent with the rise in earnings inequality over recent decades.
- 7 October
- Spring Term 2019
- 11 February
Inferring cognitive heterogeneity from aggregate choices - a reprise
Paola Manzini (University of Sussex)
One potentially important drawback of existing theories of limited attention is that they typically assume a rich dataset of choices from many menus. We study the problem of identifying the distribution of cognitive characteristics in a population of agents when only aggregate choice behavior from a single menu (or a limited number of menus) is observable. We show how in our model both "consideration probability" and "consideration capacity" distributions can be substantially identified by aggregate choice shares when preferences are either unknown but homogeneous in the population, or heterogeneous but known. When these assumption fail, we show that a parsimonious extension of the number of observed menus allows full identifiability to be restored.
- 18 February
Assymetric Attention
Alexandre Kohlhas (Stockholm University)
We document simultaneous over- and under-responses to new information by households, firms, and professional forecasters in survey data. Such behavior is inconsistent with existing theories based on either behavioral bias or rational inattention. We develop a structural model of information choice in which people base expectations on observables that can reconcile the seemingly contradictory facts. We show that optimally-chosen, asymmetric attention to different observables can explain the coexistence of over- and under-responses. We then embed our model of information choice into a micro-founded macroeconomic model, which generates expectations consistent with the survey data. We demonstrate that our model creates over-optimistic consumption beliefs in booms and predictability in consumption changes.
- 25 February
Predictably Unequal? The Effects of Machine Learning on Credit Markets
Ansgar Walther (Imperial College)
Innovations in statistical technology, including in predicting creditworthiness, have sparked concerns about differential impacts across categories such as race. Theoretically, distributional consequences from better statistical technology can come from greater flexibility to uncover structural relationships, or from triangulation of otherwise excluded characteristics. Using data on US mortgages, we predict default using traditional and machine learning models. We find that Black and Hispanic borrowers are disproportionately less likely to gain from the introduction of machine learning. In a simple equilibrium credit market model, machine learning increases disparity in rates between and within groups; these changes are primarily attributable to greater flexibility.
Keywords: machine learning, credit, mortgages, disparate impact
- 4 March
Publishing while female. Are women held to higher standards? Evidence from peer review
Erin Hengel (University of Liverpool)
I use readability scores to test if women's writing is held to higher standards in academic peer review. I find: (i) female-authored papers are 1--6 percent better written than equivalent papers by men; (ii) the gap is almost two times higher in published articles than in their pre-print drafts; (iii) women improve their writing as they publish more papers but men do not. Within a subjective expected utility framework, I show that tougher editorial standards are uniquely consistent with authors' observed choices. A conservative estimate derived from the model suggests higher standards cause senior female economists to write at least 7 percent more clearly than they otherwise would. I then document evidence suggesting higher standards affect behaviour and lower productivity. First, I find that women gradually adapt to tougher standards in peer review by writing more readably before it. Second, using data from Econometrica and the Review of Economic Studies, I show that female-authored papers spend 3--6 months longer in review. The latter response reduces women's output; the former disguises biased treatment as voluntary choice. Both whitewash discrimination. More generally, tougher standards impose a quantity\slash quality trade-off that helps explain academia's ''Publishing Paradox'' and ''Leaky Pipeline''. Evidence of this trade-off beyond academia suggests they may also contribute to women's lower productivity in many occupations.
Erin Hengel recently obtained her PhD in Economics from the University of Cambridge and is now an Assistant Professor at the University of Liverpool. Her work focuses on gender bias in peer review. She has also investigated bankruptcy vis-à-vis recent U.K. legislative changes. Beyond academia, she taught introductory to advanced Stata to HM Treasury, KPMG, the Welsh Government and Planned Parenthood; she has also done freelance software development and data analysis for the OECD, Las Vegas Review-Journal and Truckee Meadows Water Authority. Before starting her Ph.D., she worked five years at the OECD.
- 11 March
Confrontation cost in negotiations
Andrés Gago (CEMFI)
In negotiations the objectives of parties are generally in conflict. Facing this conflict can trigger negative emotions: A sentiment of nervousness, embarrassment or awkwardness. In this paper, by means of a lab experiment, I explore the existence and implications of these confrontation costs. First, I show that a significant proportion of participants avoid bargaining even when it delivers higher payoffs. I find that the avoidance rate is 50% higher in face-to-face negotiations relative to electronic negotiations. This offsets a higher rate of agreements conditional on bargaining, making the unconditional probability of agreement equal across communication channels. Second, after shutting down alternative channels, I attribute the decrease in bargaining propensity to an increase in confrontation costs. Both things together make e-negotiations welfare improving in my design, casting doubts on the general belief that face-to-face communication increases efficiency by fostering transactions. Finally, consistent with previous literature, I observe that women haggle less than men, and I find that confrontation costs are a reason to explain it.
- 18 March
What role for genetics in social mobility
Leon Feinstein (Children's Commissioner Office)
Twins studies have indicated that there is a substantial "heritability" to many features of human behaviour. Some have taken this to mean that there is little role for policy in influencing social outcomes yet the relationships between DNA (molecules) human behaviour and social outcomes are disparate, complex and little understood. The challenge of integrating or aligning social science with psychological and biological sciences (consilience in the phrase of EO Wilson) is a major barrier to meaningful analysis, models and recommendations for public policy. Yet these issues are conflated by hereditarians such as Robert Plomin leading to substantial public confusion. In this talk I will discuss the meaning and implications of genetics for social science and consider the modelling challenge of interpreting heredity as a component of intergenerational change.
- 1 April
Trade costs and patterns of trade
Eugenia Go (University of Sussex)
This paper investigates how the expansion of the roll-on roll-off (RORO) shipping technology affected trading patterns among islands in the Philippines. The Philippine Government promoted the use of RORO in inter-island shipping with the aim of improving connectivity and bringing down domestic trade costs. This paper finds that RORO is associated with gains in trade that are largely driven by exporting a more diverse set of products and expanding the number of trading partners, although the gains for short-distance RRTS connections are predominantly intensive in nature. A key driver of the observed gains is through the higher frequency of trade observed among RRTS connected routes. The RRTS associated trade gains do not stem from substitution away from non-RRTS competing ports. On the contrary, positive market access spillover effects are uncovered for cities that are proximate to RRTS-connected pairs. RRTS trade do not appear to complement or compete with liner trading routes. Finally, there are no systematic RRTS-associated gains on higher value products, time-sensitive, or fast-moving consumer goods.
- 8 April
Fake News: Debunking Beliefs about Fertiliser Quality in Tanzania
Annemie Maertens (University of Sussex)
Fertilizer use remains below recommended rates in most of Sub-Saharan Africa, contributing to poor crop yields and poverty. Farmers voice suspicion that available fertilizer is often adulterated, but these concerns are not backed by reliable evidence. We surveyed all fertilizer sellers in Morogoro Region, Tanzania and tested samples of their fertilizer. We also conducted a willingness-to-pay assessment with farmers. We find that fertilizers meet nutrient standards but that belief of rampant product adulteration persists among farmers. We then implement a randomized controlled trial in which we expose randomly selected treatment markets and villages to (credible) information about the quality of fertiliser. We are currently in the process of following up the changes in beliefs, demand, supply and prices as response to this information. We expect information to increase demand for fertilizer, both on the internal and external margin, thereby increasing yields; however, whether agricultural incomes increase will depend on the knock-off effect on fertiliser suppliers and prices.
- 11 February
- Autumn Term 2018
- 8 October
The economic impact of weather and climate - Marco Letta and Richard S.J. Tol
Richard Tol (University of Sussex)
We disentangle the impacts of weather and climate on economic activity and growth. We adopt a stochastic frontier model with climate in the production frontier and weather shocks as a source of technical inefficiency. The results reconcile inconsistencies in previous studies: climate determines production potential in both rich and poor countries, whereas weather anomalies lead to inefficiency only in poor countries. These findings are robust to alternative estimation strategies such as error-correction models and long differences. Extrapolating on a long-run perspective, future changes in climate will affect the potential growth rate in all countries, but increases in the frequency of weather shocks will reduce the actual growth rate only in poor countries.
- 15 October
Stress on the sidewalk: The mental health costs of close proximity crime
Panka Bencsik (University of Sussex)
Crime, one of the top concerns of residents in England, is a substantial, negative externality for mental health, but the precise estimation of the size of the effect has been hindered by the lack of availability of regular stress data. In this paper, I apply a smartphone based, daily response panel dataset with over 75,000 responses from 2010 to 2017 in the Thames Valley region of England to estimate the effect of crime on mental wellbeing, specifically momentary stress levels. I connect the daily stress levels for the exact response location with the daily and monthly crime level in the same neighborhood, and find a strong negative impact for a crime event on stress, compared to no crime in the past three days, specifically driven by violent crimes, and crimes that are committed two days before the response. This two-day lag is suggesting the presence of a mediator of the information–word of mouth or the media. This result holds with extensive controls for neighborhood fixed effects, individual fixed effects, and circumstantial characteristics. My estimations are both temporally and geographically more precise than possible before, estimating at the geographic level of the Output Area (OA), which – with an average of 131 households – is the size of about a single street, less than twentieth of the size of a zip code in the United States. In terms of perceived crime, I scrape multiple news sites, and observe linearly increasing nationwide stress levels in response to articles published on the topic of crime in The Guardian newspaper the day before the response was given. Overall, the paper, is able to estimate the larger society cost of each unique violent crime reported to the police, which can in turn put a better beyond-victim cost calculation on crime fighting.
- 22 October
Assymetric attention - Alexandre Kohlhas and Ansgar Walther
Alex Kohlhas (Stockholm University)
We document simultaneous over- and underresponses to new information by house holds, firms, and professional forecasters in survey data. We demonstrate that a structural model of information choice can reconcile the disparate facts. We show that optimally chosen, asymmetric attention to different structural variables can explain the co-existence of over- and underresponses. We then embed our model of information choice into a microfounded macroeconomic model, which generates expectations that are consistent with the survey data. Our model creates over-optimistic consumption expectations in booms and predictability in consumption and output changes. We confirm auxiliary implications of the model in the data.
- 29 October
The Times They are a-Changing: Dynamic Adverse Selection in the Laboratory (with Felipe Araujo and Stephanie Wang)
Alistair Wilson (University of Pittsburgh)
Across a variety of contexts decision-makers exhibit a robust failure to understand the interaction of private information and strategy, with one prominent example being the winner's curse. Such failures have generally been observed in static settings, where participants fail to think through a future hypothetical. We use a laboratory experiment to examine a common-value matching environment where strategic thinking is entirely backward looking, and adverse selection is a dynamic, non-stationary process. Our results indicate the majority of subjects in our environment use a sub-optimal stationary response -- even after extended experience and feedback. In terms of learning, even stationary subjects learn to adjust their behavior in response to the adverse selection, though adjusting their unconditional response. In contrast the minority using non-stationary responses do so very quickly, reflecting an introspective rather than learned solution to the problem.
- 5 November
Just-noticeable difference as a behavioural foundation of the critical cost-efficiency index
Pawel Dziewulski (University of Sussex)
Critical cost-efficiency index (or CCEI), proposed in Afriat (1972, 1973) and Varian (1990), is the most commonly used measure of revealed preference violations. By representing consumer preference with interval orders, as in Fishburn (1970), we show that this index is equivalent to a particular notion of the just-noticeable difference, i.e., a measure of dissimilarity between alternatives that is sufficient for the agent to tell them apart. Therefore, CCEI can be interpreted as the consumer's cognitive inability to discriminate among options. This characterisation sheds new light on the existing empirical findings.
- 12 November
Extremism and Corruption (with Massimo Morelli)
Antonio Nicolo (University of Padua)
This is a paper on a topic that we believe is relevant nowadays but it has still not been deeply investigated in the literature on political economy: the relation between extremism and corruption. We investigate when we expect an ethnic group or more generally opposition group to select an extremist as leader and how does this choice depend on the stakes or value of power sharing and on the presence of corruption. Eventually we aim to understand in what way the presence of corruption and extremism and their endogenous interaction determine the likelihood of a civil conflict and/or terrorism.
- 19 November
Schooling Endogeneity and the Rate of Return to Education: A Copula Approach - Peter Dolton and Ali Skalli
Peter Dolton
Arguably the rate of return to education (RoRtE) is one of the most important policy relevant parameters in economics. Variously the literature has used IV or RDD identification strategies to overcome the problem of the endogeneity bias associated with education measurement. Seminal, oft cited papers, have argued that RoRtE in Great Britain is between 8 and 15%. There is now a growing recent literature which is suggesting that it could be much lower than this or even zero. In this paper, we estimate RoRtE based on the same earnings equation specification and data in a canonical data set. We account for endogeneity bias through an instrument-free strategy based on copula theory examining alternative underlying distributional assumptions. Our estimate of the rate of return to education is consistently around an estimate of 6% despite an array of exacting robustness tests. This is using a classic dataset that has – in the past – given rise to estimates for this parameter as high as 15%.
- 26 November
Natural resources and political patronage in Africa: An ethnicity level analysis
Sambit Bhattacharyya (University of Sussex)
We investigate the effect of resource discoveries on ethnicity level political patronage in Africa using a large geospatial dataset of 254 ethnic groups in 15 countries over the period 1960 to 2004. We find that the first (or single first) resource discovery in a virgin ethnic homeland increases the share of cabinet posts of that ethnicity. The effect is induced by both expectations and rent. Overall the effect is mainly driven by major mineral discoveries as opposed to oil and gas. The discovery shocks do not trigger monopoly or dominant access to power, autonomy, separatism, and exclusion. Our analysis reveals that point source resource (mineral) rents are far more important political currency than diffuse agricultural commodity rents. Furthermore, by ranking ministries into Top and Bottom levels we find some evidence of window dressing politics. Our results survive a battery of robustness tests and controls.
- 8 October
- Spring Term 2018
- 19 February
Innovation, Structural Change, and Inclusion: a Cross Country PVAR Analysis
Amrita Saha (University of Sussex)
No further information available.
- 26 February
Discretion and Bias in Consumer Credit
Vikram Pathania (University of Sussex)
No further information available.
- 5 March
Female Genital Cutting and Education: Causal Evidence from Senegal
Edgar Salgado (University of Sussex)
No further information available.
- 19 March
The Impact of Brexit on Financial Expectations and Behaviours
Birgitta Rabe (University of Essex)
No further information available.
- 9 April
Modelling UK investment from micro to macro: The Great Recession, Brexit & beyond
Richard Disney (University of Sussex)
No further information available.
- 16 April
Intermarriage in sub-Saharan Africa: Ethnicity and religion
Papal visits and abortions: Evidence from Italy
Juliette Crespin-Boucaud & Egidio Farina (University of Sussex)
Juliette Crespin-Boucaud - Intermarriage in sub-Saharan Africa: Ethnicity and religion.
Egidio Farina - Papal visits and abortions: Evidence from Italy.
- 23 April
An Impact Evaluation of the Millennium Village Project in Northern Ghana
Edoardo Masset (IDS)
No further information available.
- 30 April
Disentangling the UK productivity puzzle
Antonia Schwarz & Nick Jacob (University of Sussex)
No further information available.
- 19 February
- Autumn Term 2017
- 9 October
Resource Rents, Taxation Crowd Out and the Resource Curse: How might oil-to-cash help?
Mohsen Veisi
No further information available.
- 16 October
Preference Updating in Public Health Risk Valuation
Mehmet Kutluay (Free University Amsterdam)
Willingness to pay (WTP) for malaria pills, in light of new risk information and probability weighting, is estimated via a discrete choice experiment (CE). Individual-level probability weighting parameters are estimated through lottery choices, using Bayesian inference. Over-reaction to new risk information is found as marginal WTP for malaria protection increases by 20-33%.
Probability weighting explains variation in malaria valuation, and is found to be correlated with malaria knowledge and experience. This is independent of receiving the information treatment. Over-reaction uncovers potential biases, possibly from simply reminding people about being sick, in placing a monetary value on avoiding public health risks.
- 30 October
Temperature and Judgement: Evidence from 206,000 Court Cases
Anthony Heyes
No further information available.
- 6 November
The Economics of Missionary Expansion and the Compression of History
Alex Moradi
No further information available.
- 13 November
Intergenerational Occupational (Im)mobility and the Persistence of Poverty
Celine Zipfel (LSE)
This project relates the intergenerational transmission of occupational choice to the persistence of poverty in the developing world. I assemble household surveys that contain information on adult individuals' parental backgrounds for 55 countries in order to measure the strength of association between children's and parents' sector of occupation and educational attainment. I construct estimates of these relationships for a subset of countries, and propose a test for a possible barrier to occupational mobility in Ethiopia.
- 20 November
The Impact of Brexit on Climate and Energy Policy
Richard Tol (University of Sussex)
No further information available.
- 27 November
The Effects of Stolen Goods Markets on Crime
Rocco D'Este (University of Sussex)
No further information available.
- 4 December
Unpacking the Impact of Voucher Schools: Evidence from Sweden
Iftikhar Hussain (University of Sussex)
No further information available.
- 11 December
Fever Pitch: Are football fans irrational?
Peter Dolton & George MacKerron (University of Sussex)
No further information available.
- 9 October
- Spring Term 2017
- Monday 13th February
Is it Possible to Identify Experimental Hawthorne Effects?
Peter Dolton
No further information available.
- Monday 20th February
Does Workfare Worsen Child Health? Evaluating a large public works program in India
Amalavoyal Chari
No further information available.
- 6 March
Dream Jobs
Gio Mion
No further information available.
- 13 March
Moving 'Away' from Opportunities? Home ownership and Employment
Nicolas Navarrete (Warwick)
No further information available.
- 20 March
Depth and Breadth relevance in Citation Counts
Richard Tol
No further information available.
- 27 March
The Effect of Iodine Deficiency on Test Scores and Child Mortality in Rural India
PhD Students Sweta Gupta & Wiktoria Tafesse
No further information available.
- 3 April
Willingness to Pay for Climate Change Mitigation in the UK
PhD Students Edgar Salgado Chavez & Monika Novackova
No further information available.
- 24 April
Vesall Nourani (Cornell)
No further information available.
- Monday 13th February
- Autumn Term 2016
- 3rd October
Back to the Past: Is Growth Reverting to Pre-Industrial Levels?
Jakob Madsen (Monash University)
In his influential book, The Rise and Fall of American Growth, Gordon (2016) forwards the thesis that the US and, presumably, the rest of the West is entering a low growth regime and that the high growth experienced over the last one and a half centuries has been a one-time-only event. However, the growth predictions for the 21st century have been complicated by our incomplete knowledge of the factors that have driven growth since 1800 and, therefore, which growth drivers have played out their roles. This paper constructs an extensive macroeconomic panel data set for 21 OECD countries spanning 216 years and estimates the approximate determinants of growth since 1800. The regression results are used to calibrate the approximate determinants of growth since 1800 and a likely growth scenario for the 21st century.
- 10th October
Indian Labor Regulations and the Cost of Corruption: Evidence from the Firm Size Distribution
Amrit Amirapu (Kent)
This paper revisits the debate over the negative effects of labor regulations in India. We side-step arguments over the subjectivity of previous claims by taking advantage of the fact that most Indian labor regulations are size-based. Using distortions in the observed firm size distribution together with a structural model of firm size choice in which firms may misreport their employment, we estimate that firms which exceed a 10-worker regulatory threshold face 35% higher per-worker costs. We show that these estimates are robust to firm misreporting and that a substantial fraction of the cost is due to corruption in regulatory enforcement.
- 17th October
Bargaining Power and Diet: Evidence from the Initial Waves of Progresa
Brad Barham (Madison Wisconsin)
This study examines the relationship between household bargaining dynamics and children's nutritional outcomes. We study how Progresa, a Government of Mexico welfare program founded in 1997, empowered women and how that empowerment impacted dependents' diet. We contribute to the economics literature by developing a novel measurement of bargaining power with several advantages over existing proxies. We contribute to the economic and nutritional science literatures on Progresa's impact on children's diet by directly focusing on children's reported consumption as opposed to household consumption. Finally, we examine whether all households respond in the same way to a change in bargaining dynamics by examining changes across the income distribution. We find that women's empowerment leads to improved diets for kids, and perhaps not surprisingly that households at the lower end of the income distribution respond differently to the same change in bargaining dynamics than households at the upper end of the income distribution.
- 24th October
High-Cost Debt and Borrower Reputation: Evidence from the U.K
Vikram Pathania
No further information available
- 31st October
Weather, climate, and total factor productivity growth
Richard Tol
No further information available
- 14th November
The Value of Roads: The distance to market & the impact of rainfall on children's health in West Africa
Alex Moradi
No further information available
- 21st November
Gustavo Iriarte Rivas and Jorge Garcia
No further information available
- 3rd October


text:
The Church Minshull Community Website
Boxing Day Walk
By Arena Webteam - 30th December 2013 9:16pm
Just some images of a beautiful Boxing day walk through Bluebell Wood, along the canal and back along Eachus Lane....
Ready for the Next Quiz?
Fri 03 Apr 10:15am
I'm making Nurses Bags
Thu 02 Apr 10:32pm
Fruit & Veg on Tuesdays
Wed 01 Apr 4:11pm
Have you been down to the woods today?
Wed 01 Apr 11:02am
Empty skies
Wed 01 Apr 7:00am
Veg Man Cometh 31/3
Mon 30 Mar 7:00pm
Cheshire East Support
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Insight Factsheet March 2020
Mon 23 Mar 7:41pm

subset: commoncrawl


text:
tv Washington Week PBS March 21, 2020 1:30am-2:01am PDT
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♪be : a nation on the brink of an economic and health meltdown. pres. trump: it's a medical war. we have to win this war. robert:he trump administration under intense pressure as the coronavirus spreads.it >> i possible that there is aerosol transmissn? it certainly is. robert: the president proses a $1 trillion rescue plan. can congressional leaders cut a deal >> our bill recognizes the bill structural national crisis that requires a big,l struc response. >> there are some people still ployed but there are many, many, many who have lost their to be enough. heck isn't going
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robert: and the states, officials gapple with immense challenges. >>ou can't buy a ventilator right now. globally you can't buy them. robbery next. announcer: thiis "washington week." funding is provided by -- [laughter] ♪ announcer: additional funding provided by the estate of adams and koo and patricia yuen through the yuen foundation. committed to bridging culturalf ences in our communities. broadcasting and b public contributions to your pbs
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station from viewers like you. thank you. once again, fro washington, moderator robert costa.rt ro good evening. the economic and health crisis that has gripped the nation and the world is now moving at warp speed on two fronts. by the closing bell on wall street on friday, the markets wrapped up their worst week since the 2008 financial csis. meanwhile the biggest cities and state governmentsou areing the alarm for -- for criminal medical equipment that is in short supply and golves of california, new york, illins and florida are issuing sweeping rw restrictions. the congressionponse is where we begin tonight. that is where with aion is in washington. with a $1 trillion economic rescue plan under consideration. joining us tonight at this difficult time are four reporters who have worked hard all week at the white house and
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at the capitol and from home, like many of you. like you, they are doi their best to keep reporting and asking the questions m thatt be asked of people in power. nancy cordes, chief congressional correspondent for cbs news, who joins us from clip. jake sherman, senior wre at polite come. correspondent for cnbc and here at the table is yamiche alcindor, white house newshour. ent for the pbs nancy, we beginith you. you're covering the senate negotiations about ts trill-dollar package. where do those talks stand at this hour? nancy: we saw leader schumer and leader mcconnell in the senate a shor time ago and they said that they are making good progress but they don't think thathey are going to make that self-imposed deadline of working out all the details tonight. more likely this will spill over
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into tomorrow. that does still enable them to track to vote on this very massive economic package on monday. the sticking points, schumer said, have to do with this marshal plan for hospitals, as democrats call it, making sure at hospitals around the country have the protective gear he said the two sides are making great progress on that front. th s othercking point, state stabiliz fionds. making sure that states who essentially one -- run out of revenue have a backup. that's a s problem becaue republicans are arguing they should have had a rainy day funn some democrats are arguing they didn't think they needed one. robert: if leader monnell and senator schumer come together on an agreement in the next 24 to 4
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hours, will house democrats move to qui pass that legislation? >> that's the question of the hour, bob. i don't know thenswer to that. nancy pelosi is playi it close to her vest. is shuck schumer acting as a proxy? thes he have nancy pelosi's back? e are some signs this evening that yes, he is. nancy pelosi andchuck schumer have spoken several times to easury secretary steven mnuchin, himself a tomorrow pore -- former democrat who was d active inocratic fundraising circles for many years and somebody who just worked with nancy pelosi on a large-scale package just ae cou weeks ago on the early stages of the coronavirus. buthe bighallenge for house democrats and this is going to sound crazy perhaps but they literally cannot bring the house of representatives back to washington in a meaningful way. two members of the house have
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tested positive for the coronaviru anotherozen oro that we know of and we don't know of everybody but another dozen or so members that we know of have been sequestered, havequ antined themselves over concerns they might have it. so it's unclea mcically how they'll pass in bill. they could do it by unanimous consent but this is a $1 trillion package. i do an tiss paymentometimes monday, tuesday, wednesday this bill will pass. in will be bumps on the road but i dontipate the insent active is there fm everybody. robert: jake, is there any talk of remote voting from the house of repsentatives? jake: yeah, something nancy pelosi as --as avoided far long time. she didn't rule itn out a
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phone tall and her leadership didn't. i think it's possible but the l are aot of perils mechanically. the technolog a is not in we just saw the iowa democratic party have a tough i time its caucus with remote voting. house.: you cover the white ly 've been working clo with the secretary steve mnuchin to try to hebble tog a package. what would it mean for the economy if congress can't together in the coming days? >> aisoluteter, bob. we're already looking at an absolute economic national tragedy. the jobs report next time around is going to show job lost losses in the millions. we were 10,000 points on the dow belowhere we were at the highs and this is just getting started. the question tha i look at, if you look at a trillion-dollar bill. this is a $24 trillion economy.
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you're turning a number of economies down to zero. airlines,, restaurannything that involves a large gathering of people, hotel all of it going down to zero, you walk around towns anywhere in thiun y right now and you're going to see almost zero economicy. activ that is an etchically bad problem for all of those industriesne simulsly. we've never seen anything like this in economic history. a $1 trillion bill won't come close to dover -- covering the damage we're going to see. of those s to all americans who are losing their grbs right now? i don't think cs fully understands the scale of the economic wipeout rht now. pres. trump: meanwhile, present trump is staying a bit away from those gary,s.t e's still front and center in this entire national debate. and yamiche has been working hard from the white house asking
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the president and top officials about the federal response, with the focus on the lack of tests. at times, the president has clashed with reporters. here is her exchange with the president from early friday. yamiche: w whenl every american who needs a test get a test? why not have memory equipment being shipped right now?p: pres. we're hearing very positive things about testing. weon't want eve american to go out and get a test. whoche: there are americans think they have symptoms and they can't get tests. pres. trump: but w don't want everybody to go out and get a test. robert: watch you learned inside yamiche: first the president is saying he hasn't heard of the issue that people who havemp ms in this country can't get tests. that's simplyrong. everyone on cla khalil and across the nation is -- on
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capital hill and acr nation is talking about testing. anthony foury said specificically today --auci said today, people w are sick can't get the tests.nt the presis baking away from accountability. the presidenttands at the podium every day and about himself as a wartime king president, you can tell he's ger to spread this issue. today he was talking about thet fact t there was a malaria drug that's been approved. dr. fauci had to step in and say th's not true. add the that, the negotiations on capitol hill, thent presi is pushing g.o.p. republicans, more cash to americans right t now. the bill has one check int for $1,200 per americanut the
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president wants way more checks to go out. robert: dhat about tense production act, whiched peppep -- help the president? yamiche: the president said invoke that act unless there was a worst-casecenario. today he said, actually, i did invokehat act yesterday and that i a directing companies to start mass producing medical uipment that is badly needed because hospitals say they're in dirpe shortages of things like masks gowns. but in that same press conference, the president backtracked and said well, i haven't actuallyulled the trigger. so we don't know whetheit's invoked that act. robert: there's been questions kbout kushner and other being a group in the t force. when you're talking to lawmakers onapol hill, how do they see
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the chain ofomnd and any possible intelligences there? >>a jred kushner is curious choice. not only because he's not b confirme he has not a day of experience in widesprd, large-scale disaster management, pandemics, global health cry sells.ld that we like putting your gardner in charge oferral su and there is a lot of respect for anthony fauci, who i think everyone i've spoken who to have on capitol hill is very comforted by him. he's no-no sense and understands thessues at hand. and let's give credit where it's due. the governors, cuomo and good afternoon nuwsom have been largely happy with the response from the trump administration ot at lhey've said that. cuomo of new york said the other day that everythinge's asked
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for, he's gotten. that's a positive sign but listen, there are tou days ahead, as eamon said. the administration just sent up in money f just the government itself and there are going to be severalio tri more of bills that need to get passed here and the president is in for a very long spring and summer. so me perso olly reportingn congress, i've not heard of any rerting of geraldushner. i don't think he's taking the role on capitol hill that he's taken in previous debates and i think that's a very good thing for the process on clip. robert: eamon, jake just said the veverage package could be $2 trillion porbletely, even more. is there concern inside the republican party that they're becoming a baiut party, a spending party, a party that gives directs payme americans or has that all
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changed, that whole tea party movement to now? >> i think it has changed. you hear lindsay graham with skepticism about the idea of sending checks to americans but more republicans privaly, who two weeks ago would have been are saying we have to spend n whatever it takes in order to get america back on its feet.bu what is the political damage of from economic carnage?le peeed to think i this through. this is much bigger than the 2008 financial crisis i terms of its scale and sharpness. the 2008 financial crisis produce it would tea party, that anger on the rig, occupied wall street, the anger on the left. we have a generation of millennials who is skement cam of the ability of the capitalist system generally to succe a. we hav president of the united states that campaigned on rigged against you. stem i think all of these things are
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litical legacies of the economic wipeout in 2008 andhe perceived unfairness in the way that was handled. iss going to be much bigger than that and as washington and america, we need to think through the fairness of the collusion solutions being proposed toake sure they're what most americans think of as just and right. if we don't ghis right, the political damage for decades is going to beigger than what we saw in 2008 and 2009 and that hasd shar politics. robert: let's staypoith that t for a moment. what is just and right? perceive what's hning in washington? as first reported, senator richard burr, a republican from north carolina and a member of the senate intelligence committee sold hundreds of thousands of tock in- stock in mid february davis days after
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writing that the united states wasetter prepared thanver before to confront the crisis.an difine stinal, democrat of california, kelly loeffler, republican georgia and jim inhofe, republican of oklahoma also sold stock beforehand. on friday burp asked the senate ethics committeeo review his sales. nancy, you'reat ihe come lican senators. who is the response to the newr reabout senator bur. is he being asked to resign or is it business as usual? >> the rponse in the public was vicious but here most of them said they didn't know all the details or didt want to judge what burr and some of their colleagues had done. i think this is a very tricky
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situation because yes, br did sell off somewhere between 600 and 1.7 million dollars' wortht of the wee before the stock market started to tan and there was a suggestion that perhaps because he was receiving coronavirufings, he had some kind of inside information about what was going to the reality is that the reason he was getting coronavus briefings at that point was because of the nulls that everybody was seeing out of asia was so dire at that point that snampts were demanding these briefings so that wasn't exactly a secreand burr sai today the reason he sold his wtock because he was watching cnbc and what was happening with the asian markets. nevertheless, the optics are terrible and some critics wil say even if he wasn't acting on inside information, he shouldn't have done it. th c istainly a controversy senators about it, they were ed
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much more focused on getting this huge trillion-dollar package out the doorhey - than second guessing what one of a month natural ago.ht have don robert: eamon w knoall love -- watch and appreciate cnbc. governors are taking democratic this week california governor gavin nuw -- newsom announced stroomed measures, one day after president estimating that more than half of the state,mi 25.5 ion people could test positive for the virus. >> a statement as lge as ours, nation-state, is many pampts but at the end of the day, we're one body that. we direct a statewide order for people to stay at home.ro rt: on friday, new york governor andrew quomeo order all employers to keep workers at
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me and band gatherings of any size. >> we reduced it to 50% of the workforce and then t reduced ito 75% of the workforce must stay homend today we're bringing it to 100% of the workforce must stay home. rort:yamiche, when you're at the white house talking to your sourlingses the, what do these governors need in the coming weeks to survive? yamiche: well, the president held this kind of live press nference where he was taking call from the gernors all around the country this week. we talked to a governor fro south carolina, michigan and illinois and governors were saying in call aft call, we need information on a still luss package, we need to know how our hospitals are going to get equipment and we might also need help from the national guard. governors areaying they need actual specific resources. and also governors a saying
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they need guidance from the white house so the white house pu out recommended things they wanted people to do, inclupeding don't do --up go in a g of larger than 10 people but you've seen governors take extra stems, saying we're closing down all ourars and restaurants. as the governor of new york was saying, this is a mandate and we'll lawfully enforce that that's not whathi the house is doing. they're giving guidance but not and i'm toldy some that that's a republican principal. they don't want to be seen as the federal government directing states to do things. robert: eamon, when you're covering companies, what matters in your reporting about how they're helping states trying produce new ventilators and masks? eamon: you are seeing some companies responding to thisth d e are some companies in a weird way benefiting. companies like walmart, ouer hiring workers right now
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because of the enormouslo stical capacity they have and a lot of companies are looking intohis idea of can they starto produce these ventilators wch look like they're going to be in extreme shortage next week. ne of that turns on a dime and the president does have the presidential act and a lot ofs companre looking into it. the problem is that this crisis is goingo happen next week and companies are going to need some timeo ramp all this up. robert: >> should we expect stements to get financial report as part of these ongoing talks at the capitol or should they not expect that? jake: theshouldxpect it at some point. states and municalities are going to get hard. the focus now is filling the gaps at hospitals but in the next couple of months there are
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going to be smany of these spending bills that they're going to have to back fill some of these state, local, and municipal budgets or else they're going to be in big trouble because they're carrying burden. oad of the financi everything from logistical issues to socia svices. they're going to need backup and congress realizes that. an remember, it's an election year and people want to be in e good grailingses of the public during an election year. bert: governor cuomo is giving daily press briefings aually televised nationally. are we seeing new players emerge? not only within the trumpra adminion but in the democratic party? >> absolutely. the cuomo briefings are becoming must-see tv. he doesn't overhype the problem but doesn't undersell it either. i have talked to a lot of people
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in states far from new york city who are watching for that very. reas getting back to the issue that states are going to be facing here is the fact that unemployment benefits go out from the states, out from state pocket ande've seen unemployment claims rise by 1,000% over theast week alone. so we know that that is going to be a big issue for the states and that's one of the things thatre senators wrangling over right now is how do you create a mechanism to get additional money to the states so that they n boost their unemployment benefits and how big should those unemploymen benefits be? robert: is the preside giving e governors leeway to decide how to use the national guard or shelter i o placeers in their state? is he stepping back at times from having sweeping declaratns? yamiche: it seems that way and it seems as though, again, te white ho using this idea that republicans in particular
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believe thatal the fed government shouldn't be telling states what to do. that's what the line is when you ask white house officials about but whenou talk to especially some democratic local governments, they say they want more from the federal government. they say there's a leadership vac kuehl -- vuum around president trump, that he's not telling them the best thing to do, especially when it comes to bars and restaurants. the wte house was late telling people what to do on that. we saw so many cities and states saying don't stand at those bars as we saw in some spring break cities like miami, where.'m fr there were a lot of people on the beaches and crowding and that caused local officials to acts before the white house. these are the where people took for leaders that are compassionate, treak through, that have a message for americans that are so scared and
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unfortunately we've seen president trump stuffable on the idea of being a calmer chith there are times where he has been very serious in his tone, saying is is going to get very, very bad, americans need to be individual lenlt. robert: we must live ithe. thank yo to our guests. jake sherman, yamiche alcindor, nancy cordes and eamon javers. your reporting durg this time is very much appreciated and thanks also to our staff andcr at weta right here, for making this all happen tonight d thank you all for joining us. conversation on the "washington week" extra, when -- whichca yo find on your mobile and our website. for now, stay steady. i'm robert costa. n goht, from washington.
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♪ announcer: corporate fding for "washington week" is provided by -- additional funding is provided by the estate of -- adams and koo and patricia yuen through the yuen foundation, committed to bridging cultural differences in our communities. theti corpo for public broadcasting and by contributions to your p station from viewers like you. thank you. >> you'r watching pbs.
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A greater understanding of Indigenous cultural practice could be the key to closing the gap on heart disease
Faced with disproportionately higher rates of heart disease than non-Indigenous people, an initiative is working with Australian hospitals to foster greater trust between the medical sector and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
The Lighthouse Hospital Project is a joint effort between the Heart Foundation and the Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association.
With the assistance of federal funding, the program is collaborating with 18 hospitals around the country, providing education on how to better engage with Indigenous Australian patients.
Based on Close The Gap statistics, Indigenous Australians are three times more likely to have a heart attack and be admitted to hospital for acute coronary syndrome than other Australians.
Despite this figure, this group are less likely than non-Indigenous Australians with heart disease to have cardiac procedures, or to receive rehabilitation after a heart attack.
For National Manager, Reitai Minogue, the cause of this is a lack of cultural awareness.
She said, "Many [Indigenous Australians] have a distrust of hospitals, and they might encounter poor communication, institutionalised racism or cultural sensitivity."
Ms Minogue said hospitals must earn the trust of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples by listening to past experiences of in-patient care and then work together to make significant changes.
"It will ensure individual hospital projects are responding to identified needs of the community and will create locally- based solutions." She said.
Faced with the task of tackling this public health issue, the Lighthouse Project have released a comprehensive 5 point strategy, identifying key aspects for improvement. They are:
- expanding roles for Aboriginal Liaison officers, Health Workers, Patient Pathway Officers and equivalent roles
- better identification of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients
- building strong partnerships and communication channels with local Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and other relevant organisations
- fostering and supporting clinical champions
- and building capacity for patient-focused care
As the project enters the third phase of Government funding, the project aims to reach, "over one in every three Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples admitted to hospital for a cardiac condition by recruiting… hospitals across the country to implement the quality improvement toolkit."
The toolkits allow for individualised planning and outcomes to suit each of the 18 hospitals, factoring in location and cultural area history.
To find out more about the project, click here.
About author
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text:
So, I put together a free master course for you to take that spreads out all of the work involved in starting a blog, into a series of action-packed lessons. My free course breaks the entire process of starting a blog down into an incredibly simple 7-day process for going from 0 to brainstorming the best blog post ideas, publishing (and promoting) your first blog post in just 1 week. We also cover beginner and advanced ways to learn how to make money blogging in the course. I can't recommend it enough.
This business is a bit trickier than the others we've looked at so far. You'll need a unique idea for food items to offer, a truck to service customers, proper insurance, business licenses, operating permits (depending on the city you're operating in), health code compliance documents, and an inventory of food items just to get started. But if cooking is your passion, then a food truck might be the way to go!
Advertising. You won't have any quests until you get the word around about your room. Start locally by putting a sign in your front yard and spreading the word through friends and family. Next, build a small website and make sure that you attract the search engine spiders by using the keywords people would likely search for when looking for a place to stay in your area. In addition, there are sites that specialize in promoting specific areas and their attractions, such as HomeExchange, BedandBreakfast.com and Airbnb – your Bed and Breakfast should be listed there.
Anyone who has ever googled "work from home" or "make money from home" knows that the web is overflowing with sites proclaiming you can make thousands from the comfort of your living room, most of the time requiring you to first buy a book, CD, or DVD to learn how. Since there is so much of this garbage out there, it can be frustrating looking for legitimate ways to work from home. Below are some reasonable ideas to consider.
AWIN is probably best for experienced affiliates who can hit the ground running without a lot of guidance or feedback from the network. There is a $5 fee charged to apply to become an affiliate, but if you're approved, the $5 will be added to your account. If your application is denied, however, you will lose the $5 fee. AWIN operates globally, but it is most heavily concentrated on British and EU merchants.
Market your course: The beauty of using a course to make money online is that you can continue to sell it for as long as you'd like. Look for niche communities on Facebook, LinkedIn, or Reddit that might benefit from your content. Guest post on relevant blogs and sites. Look for anywhere you might be able to get in front of the right people. With just a few hours a month you can continue to generate sales.
If you're a crafter, the internet is your showcase — and not only at auction sites like eBay. DeWitt Young of ObviousFront.etsy.com has had success turning her crafts into cash online. She has a booth at Etsy.com's Craft Mall, an amazing place where thousands of artisans and crafters offer their goods for sale. DeWitt turns salvaged parts from old TVs and VCRs into artsy necklaces, earrings, and figures. Colleen Jordan of wearableplanter uses 3D printing to create her necklaces called wearable planters.
They're also far more popular than you might think. "Online courses are huge right now," says David Hoos, Head of Marketing at The Good marketing agency. "They can be incredibly helpful to develop niche skills and businesses will often use them for professional development purposes. If you have a unique skill that you can organize and share, a course is a great way to do it!"
Can you make money with affiliate marketing? The short answer is yes, affiliate programs can earn extra money and even a full-time income from home. The long answer is a little more complicated. Like any home income venture, success comes not so much from what you choose to do to make money, but whether or not you do what needs to be done correctly and consistently.
JVZoo works exclusively with digital products, primarily e-commerce, online courses, and internet marketing offers. Because there are no limits placed on the number of links, buy buttons, or calls to action on a website, JVZoo can sometimes be somewhat low quality both in terms of offers as well as products. Nonetheless, it has proven itself to be a fierce competitor to companies like ClickBank.
Perhaps you're thinking of leaving the 9-to-5 grind, or you're simply ready to make a career change. Maybe you're fresh out of school and ready to change the world with your entrepreneurial spirit. Whatever the reason, these days it's easier than ever to start a business of your own. The tricky part is landing on the small business opportunities that will lead to success.
The phrase, "Affiliates are an extended sales force for your business", which is often used to explain affiliate marketing, is not completely accurate. The primary difference between the two is that affiliate marketers provide little if any influence on a possible prospect in the conversion process once that prospect is directed to the advertiser's website. The sales team of the advertiser, however, does have the control and influence up to the point where the prospect either a) signs the contract, or b) completes the purchase.
Your Ads. The key to success will be in your ability to get the word out about your classes. Word of mouth will play an important role in your marketing efforts because taking classes is something that friends like to do together. Don't just rely on friends and family, though. Post fliers in supermarkets, churches, and school bulletin boards. You'll definitely want to have an online presence so people who are searching your area for such classes will be able to find you. You can establish one by creating a website, and then using digital media to spread your message. And don't forget your neighborhood as a source of business. Take some time to visit your neighbors, even if you just visit one block a day, and tell them about your new business.
If you want to clear some space out in your house and have a big stack of books you've been holding onto for too long, you can make money selling your books and textbooks online. Stores like Half Priced Books and others will give you cents on the dollar for each of your current books while you can check what your book is worth by simply entering the ISBN number on Book Scouter.
Yes, companies will pay you to install apps (or place ads) on your cell phone and leave them there. These apps often run in the background and track your spending/purchasing habits but if you're not one to really care who knows what groceries you're buying that week then this is seriously the easiest way to make upwards of $300 per year for no reason.
Focus on reviewing products and services that fall within your niche. Then, leveraging the rapport you have created with your audience and your stance as an expert, tell your readers why they would benefit from purchasing the product or service you are promoting. Almost anything sold online can be reviewed if there is an affiliate program – you can review physical products, digital software, or even services booked online, like ride sharing or travel resort booking. It is especially effective to compare this product to others in the same category. Most importantly, make sure you are generating detailed, articulate content to improve conversions.
In November 1994, CDNow launched its BuyWeb program. CDNow had the idea that music-oriented websites could review or list albums on their pages that their visitors might be interested in purchasing. These websites could also offer a link that would take visitors directly to CDNow to purchase the albums. The idea for remote purchasing originally arose from conversations with music label Geffen Records in the fall of 1994. The management at Geffen wanted to sell its artists' CD's directly from its website but did not want to implement this capability itself. Geffen asked CDNow if it could design a program where CDNow would handle the order fulfillment. Geffen realized that CDNow could link directly from the artist on its website to Geffen's website, bypassing the CDNow home page and going directly to an artist's music page.[14]
Create a killer course experience: With your course validated and in the works, you need to figure out how people will take it. Most course creators choose to host their courses from their own websites. This way, they get all the value of bringing customers back to their site on a regular basis. I host my own courses from a subdomain on my own site so I can easily add more. The course experience is incredibly important as well. And after trying most of the solutions, I highly recommend Teachable—an online platform designed specifically for courses.
First off, I'm a blogger so it seems wrong not to mention it, but more importantly, it's a legitimate way to make money. It's quite possibly the least straight-forward way on this list, but it's very doable and it's also quite possibly the funnest way on this list. I love blogging and I know hundreds of bloggers who feel the same. So let's talk about making money blogging and what it really means.
If the above locations do not yield information pertaining to affiliates, it may be the case that there exists a non-public affiliate program. Utilizing one of the common website correlation methods may provide clues about the affiliate network. The most definitive method for finding this information is to contact the website owner directly if a contact method can be located.
Developing and monetizing microsites can also garner a serious amount of sales. These sites are advertised within a partner site or on the sponsored listings of a search engine. They are distinct and separate from the organization's main site. By offering more focused, relevant content to a specific audience, microsites lead to increased conversions due to their simple and straightforward call to action.
Open Yale Courses echoes Harvard Extension and Stanford Online, in that it offers only courses from Yale. While the site is similarly limited to topics taught at the school, Open Yale Courses offers a lot of videos of actual campus lectures. The availability of videos makes the site a great option if you're looking for quality courses, but learn better by watching than by reading.
Make the most of your spare space by listing it for short term rentals with Airbnb. If you know how to be an Airbnb host that wows their guests, you have an amazing opportunity to make money fast. By creating a wonderful experience for your guests, you're setting yourself up for great reviews and lots of repeat guests. Check out our complete guide on getting started as an Airbnb host.
If you've developed valuable skill sets or picked up certifications within your industry over the years, offering your consulting services to local business owners can be a lucrative way to make money online. Whether you're an expert marketer, business strategist, or manufacturing aficionado, there's likely a local business owner who's willing to pay you to help them solve an issue with their company. Start with this 18-step checklist to becoming a local business consultant from Karyn Greenstreet and then use my guide to crafting an effective cold email to convince them to hire you.
First off, I'm a blogger so it seems wrong not to mention it, but more importantly, it's a legitimate way to make money. It's quite possibly the least straight-forward way on this list, but it's very doable and it's also quite possibly the funnest way on this list. I love blogging and I know hundreds of bloggers who feel the same. So let's talk about making money blogging and what it really means.
The first follows the startup path we outlined above: You have a disruptive idea for an app or piece of software, you validate the idea with real customers, and then raise money to hire developers or a development studio to build, launch, and scale your software. If you've done everything right, your software will be accepted to the Apple and Google Stores and you'll make money every time someone downloads it or pays for a premium feature.
Just be sure to put a lot of care into your product listings. Everything from the titles you use, to how effective the description is at convincing potential buyers your product is better than the rest, and even taking care to shoot high quality product photos can have a dramatic impact on your sales. I recommend using photo editing tools like Fotor, which gives you the ability to edit your images, create captivating graphic designs and more.
Business-Opportunities.biz has been online since 2001. The articles, ideas, tips and tricks, and online resources on our website can help you find the perfect business opportunity and create a profitable cash flow. Jump into insurance, travel, food service, and other franchises or take advantage of our featured opportunities, launch a social media service for businesses, or become your own commercial financial services provider.
while everyone else sits around and watches the superbowl, american idol, or the fake news shows, go out and learn to make money on absolutely everything you do. any resistance to this just costs you money and time. Do alot of different things or one main thing but make sure you earn money at it. make driving to work pay you. make going on vacation pay you. make going to the store pay you. it is the ONLY way you will make your financial dreams come true.
Affiliate marketing is an ideal solution for those looking to gain control of their own income by focusing on performance-based revenue options. Working in tandem with a seller, a motivated affiliate marketer will be able to achieve a passive income from the comfort of their home without worrying about producing their own product or service. Although the success of the job does depend on the affiliate's marketing skills, it can prove to be an effective way to meet your income goals as either a primary career or a profitable second job.
The Roof Maxx Dealership Opportunity is one of the most exciting low-cost, high profit margin opportunities available today. Roof Maxx gives property owners the ability to extend the life of their old roofs for up to 15 years for a fraction of the cost of a roof replacement. Roof Maxx is an all-natural roof treatment that's quick, easy and clean to apply.
Do you constantly come up with witty one-liners? Do you dream of the days of Mad Men-style advertising? If you've got some branding chops or just come up with imaginative copy, there are lots of opportunities to make money online through company naming and slogan contests. If you think you have a knack for names check out the Squadhelp platform where you can earn a little extra money online by naming brands, services, products, company slogans and even help out on the logo design front if you've got the chops.
In the last 10 years, ShoutMeLoud has inspired millions of lives around the globe to help them earn passive income via affiliate marketing. It would not have been possible if I had not quite my call-center job to pursue my passion. When I think about this, I find it amazing as for how my life unfolded when I took the courage of starting something of my own.
While Etsy is fantastic for handmade goods that you've already created, if you've got killer designs that would look good on phone cases, t-shirts, or even wall hangings, pillows, and duvets, you can sell them on Society6 without paying anything to start. Society6 lets artists upload their designs and create their own shops where they choose what products their designs can be used on. That means one design can be used to make a whole range of awesome products that are printed and shipped on demand whenever someone buys from you. With top creators making thousands every month just from selling their designs.
I've thought about doing some of these money makin things! But seems like I just get the run around to keep doing same survey over an over or end up no where! Thinking about making my own page An advirtize for taking to store doctor appts go visit an old friend! Things like cleaning houses An cars Running errands pay bills, take car for services! Shopping , writing letters for them! I have a list of things to do to make people lives easier an earn some extra money for me!!! Thanks for ur advice I'll just have to go over stuff see what I think will work best for me ! Thank you Tina L Taylor
LinkConnector has struggled to stand out from the pack but nonetheless has managed to sign some exclusive deals with big name brands, including Writer's Digest, the Disney Store, Ironman, Hats.com, and Everly. Their strictly controlled screening process for both merchants/advertisers and affiliates/publishers means that you can always rely on the quality of products on offer.
Hi, Jamie! Very good list. I needed something like this for 2018 so that I know what to target in the future blogs I create. As for now, I'm comfortable using SiteGround affiliate network and it's pretty good actually. Their hosting service is pretty much the best considered its price. I've tried others but SiteGround stands out. I'll also try new affiliate networks, something from the list you have just provided. I think Amazon is too saturated at the moment, and I need a better network. 2018 will be interesting indeed.
Whao! Mr Bob, really am blown away. You know, people say nothing comes free, but you have generously broken that law with all these ideas you freely give. I can't but say that i am grateful. Particular about idea number 4,6 & 7. I read your article on how to make money by blogging and really , freely giving out all those steps is very generous of you sir becausei know poeple who sell almost every informatiomn they have. The first time i heard about blogging was around 3months ago while discussing with a friend about my first christian book, but your article has really openned me to a whole new world around blogging. I really don't know how else to show my appreciate because you have freely given me keys to financial independence and i will surely come back to share my testimonies. Thank you somuch sir, your latter will be far greater than your past
Rose and others looking for employment this summer: Retry the babysitting idea. Summer is a good time to babysit. Maybe volunteer a few times first and then use those families as references. Tell everyone you know that you are available to babysit. Use email, Facebook, fliers, word of mouth. Also try offering a set time every week, like Tuesday evenings form 5-9 pm in your home. Parents know they can drop off their children without calling ahead. They really appreciate that. It takes time and persistence to get the word out, butit can be done!
Affiliate marketing has grown quickly since its inception. The e-commerce website, viewed as a marketing toy in the early days of the Internet, became an integrated part of the overall business plan and in some cases grew to a bigger business than the existing offline business. According to one report, the total sales amount generated through affiliate networks in 2006 was £2.16 billion in the United Kingdom alone. The estimates were £1.35 billion in sales in 2005.[19] MarketingSherpa's research team estimated that, in 2006, affiliates worldwide earned US$6.5 billion in bounty and commissions from a variety of sources in retail, personal finance, gaming and gambling, travel, telecom, education, publishing, and forms of lead generation other than contextual advertising programs.[20]
Sign up for a reputable affiliate network: Aside from Amazon, there are dozens of large reputable affiliate networks, such as Share-A-Sale, Clickbank, and Skimlinks, that specialize in connecting you with merchants who are looking for affiliates to sell their products. They charge relatively low commission fees for the privilege of connecting you with merchants, and the merchants on these sites tend to offer much higher commission percentages or set dollar amount payouts.
As an Instacart personal grocery shopper, you will actually be doing the grocery shopping yourself (so don't crush anyone's avocados!). Your compensation depends on several factors, like the average size of your orders and average number of miles driven per trip. You can also get tips in addition to the pay that comes directly from Instacart (most people report an average earnings rate of $15 per hour).
Build up a following on your Instagram account and you could quickly be making extra money online. Major brands, gear companies, and even startups are willing to shell out $500-$5,000+ per post to get in front of your audience. While it's getting harder and harder to build a massive Instagram audience, if you already have a solid niche and are posting quality content regularly with a great camera for taking Instagram photos, with a few small tweaks you can make yourself an influencer. Check out this awesome article from Shopify on how to build and grow your Instagram following to get started.
Colmex Pro is the leading European Regulated CFD Broker. Offering Tier 2 CFD's, as well as Live Equities, Indices, Commodities, Futures, and Forex, Colmex Pro offers nearly every investment vehicle available on the US Stock Market to international day traders. Coupled with their partner's educational packages and trade room access Colmex Pro offers investors the best opportunity to grow and learn how to day trade successfully. CPA up to $1000
I kind of "fell into" my at home business. I was a customer of their website division a few years ago. When my husband got downsized – I closed my business and started working with my current company. It's been such a blessing to be able to stay at home (2 girls in elementary school) and help contribute to our family. When our company started another division helping non-profits with alternative funding – it was something I was passionate about. I feel very blessed to have found the real deal with my at home businesses and in the two years I've been with them – it all keeps getting better.
Best Forex Partners (BFP) was established in 2011 by a group of international financiers and global online marketing professionals who saw a need to change the nature of affiliate marketing for the better. In a few short years they combined their over 60 years of combined financial and marketing experience to create a new way to affiliate market and have never looked back!
Virtual assistants perform a wide range of administrative duties from their homes: transcription services, email communications, bookkeeping services, research and scheduling, and countless other important tasks. You can work for several clients at once, and all you need is internet service, a computer, and impeccable organization and planning skills.
The average commission rate is $58 per the Shopify website. Shopify's commissions are paid according to different metrics. For instance, if a referral signs up for the Shopify Plus enterprise plan (the highest tier), the payout is a flat $2,000. Referrals who sign up for the standard plan earn a $598 commission. The payout for a Basic account is $58. Commissions are calculated as follows: you will earn two times the monthly rate but only two months after the user has been a paying customer.
Affiliates discussed the issues in Internet forums and began to organize their efforts. They believed that the best way to address the problem was to discourage merchants from advertising via adware. Merchants that were either indifferent to or supportive of adware were exposed by affiliates, thus damaging those merchants' reputations and tarnishing their affiliate marketing efforts. Many affiliates either terminated the use of such merchants or switched to a competitor's affiliate program. Eventually, affiliate networks were also forced by merchants and affiliates to take a stand and ban certain adware publishers from their network. The result was Code of Conduct by Commission Junction/beFree and Performics,[35] LinkShare's Anti-Predatory Advertising Addendum,[36] and ShareASale's complete ban of software applications as a medium for affiliates to promote advertiser offers.[37] Regardless of the progress made, adware continues to be an issue, as demonstrated by the class action lawsuit against ValueClick and its daughter company Commission Junction filed on April 20, 2007.[38]
Yes, companies will pay you to install apps (or place ads) on your cell phone and leave them there. These apps often run in the background and track your spending/purchasing habits but if you're not one to really care who knows what groceries you're buying that week then this is seriously the easiest way to make upwards of $300 per year for no reason.
Yes, companies will pay you to install apps (or place ads) on your cell phone and leave them there. These apps often run in the background and track your spending/purchasing habits but if you're not one to really care who knows what groceries you're buying that week then this is seriously the easiest way to make upwards of $300 per year for no reason.
In 2017, there were almost 90 million pet dogs in the US. Which has opened up a huge opportunity to make money online as a dog watcher or sitter. Specialized sites like Rover or Care.com connect pet owners with pet walkers, sitters, and boarding houses to help look after their best friends when they're at work or on a trip. If you're an animal lover, you can make extra money and get to spend some quality time with a furry friend.
Affiliate marketing overlaps with other Internet marketing methods to some degree, because affiliates often use regular advertising methods. Those methods include organic search engine optimization (SEO), paid search engine marketing (PPC – Pay Per Click), e-mail marketing, content marketing, and (in some sense) display advertising. On the other hand, affiliates sometimes use less orthodox techniques, such as publishing reviews of products or services offered by a partner.[citation needed]
Suzanne lives in Texas and has been a full-time freelance writer for 20 years. She's written for numerous business and financial publications, both online and in traditional print media. She also owns her own small business and has a passion to help others achieve their dreams of financial independence. Her goal is to eventually work from a remote island that is equipped with Wi-Fi.
Individual sellers and companies offering products or services have to deal with their consumers and ensure they are satisfied with what they have purchased. Thanks to the affiliate marketing structure, you'll never have to be concerned with customer support or customer satisfaction. The entire job of the affiliate marketer is to link the seller with the consumer. The seller deals with any consumer complaints after you receive your commission from the sale.
The seller, whether a solo entrepreneur or large enterprise, is a vendor, merchant, product creator, or retailer with a product to market. The product can be a physical object, like household goods, or a service, like makeup tutorials. Also known as the brand, the seller does not need to be actively involved in the marketing, but they may also be the advertiser and profit from the revenue sharing associated with affiliate marketing.
Some companies like 1-800flowers.com outsource customer-service operations to third-party companies who then hire home-based workers or "agents" to take calls and orders. When you call 1-800-flowers, you may be speaking with Rebecca Dooley, a retired police officer and employee of Alpine Access, a major call-center service. When you dialed the number to 1-800-flowers, your call was automatically routed to Rebecca's spare bedroom in Colorado.
VigLink works a bit differently than other affiliate programs in that it is specifically designed for bloggers. Instead of affiliates picking and choosing which merchants to work with, VigLink uses dynamic links that automatically change to work with merchants that VigLink has determined are offering the highest conversation rates and/or commissions at any given moment.
Designed to create a huge amount of traffic at all times, these sites focus on building an audience of millions. These websites promote products to their massive audience through the use of banners and contextual affiliate links. This method offers superior exposure and improves conversion rates, resulting in a top-notch revenue for both the seller and the affiliate.
Getaround is the sharing economy's answer to rental agencies. The company allows you to rent out your car on an hourly or daily basis, starting at $5 an hour. Depending on your vehicle's market value, you set the price per hour, and Getaround takes a 40% cut to cover 24/7 roadside assistance and driver insurance. According to the Getaround, earning potential for renting your car when you're not using it is up to $1,000 a year.
There's a good reason why ClickBank is still a strong contender, however it does tend to focus more on digital products which may be of questionable quality. Yes, the review process is more professional these days, but it's still primarily focused on selling digital products, especially "how to make money" courses and the like. That being said, there are some genuinely high-quality products on offer, and few affiliate programs are bigger than ClickBank, especially in selling (primarily digital) books.
It works essentially the same way as the phone apps do above. If you don't care to let Google know what you do on a daily basis, you can make money from home by letting them monitor your Internet usage. They use the information they gather to help them market/increase the functionality of their advertising programs when targeting users that are similar to you.
Let's say you have a promotions page where you're promoting a product via affiliate links. If you currently get 5,000 visits/month at a 2% conversion rate, you have 100 referrals. To get to 200 referrals, you can either focus on getting 5,000 more visitors, or simply increasing the conversion rate to 4%. Which sounds easier? Instead of spending months building domain authority with blogging and guest posts to get more organic traffic, you just have to increase the conversion rate by 2%. This can include landing page optimization, testing your calls-to-action, and having a conversion rate optimization strategy in place. By testing and optimizing your site, you'll get far better results with much less effort.
Best Forex Partners (BFP) was established in 2011 by a group of international financiers and global online marketing professionals who saw a need to change the nature of affiliate marketing for the better. In a few short years they combined their over 60 years of combined financial and marketing experience to create a new way to affiliate market and have never looked back!
Great ideas about a home based business. However, we all need to understand that most ONline and OFFline buisnesses fail about 90% of the time. Franchises seem to do some better but they have challenges too. Our goal is focused on building a PLAN B to help build financial security. After 32 years in the trenches as an entrepreneur, we invite you to visit our website, join us as a subscriber too where we share about our lumps and bruises in business owners.
Ginger, you can charge easily up to 80 dollars on an average website construction service. Seperately, many post of being too you to complete some offers try squishycash, I'm fourteen myself and am finding it an excellent source of side income. Also for those 14 and up in my state you can ref for soccer games and get about fifty dollars each games.
Learn about how SEO, social media, omnichannel marketing, MLM, and direct sales can strengthen your network marketing posture. Insightful articles can help you make the most of social analytics or learn the most pertinent questions to ask your customers, prospects, team, and the business. In short, know as much as possible before getting involved with a network marketing company.
I think what you're asking is how you can make extra money to pay your real estate taxes. If that's the case, it depends on your current financial situation, the amount of your estate taxes, your skills, and more. If you visit the "Make Money" section of our website, we have a few articles with different ideas that may be helpful for your situation: https://www.dollarsprout.com/category/make-money/