text:
Infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) not only destroys the immune system bringing about acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), but also induces serious neurological diseases including behavioral abnormalities, motor dysfunction, toxoplasmosis, and HIV-1 associated dementia. The emergence of HIV-1 multidrug-resistant mutants has become a major problem in the therapy of patients with HIV-1 infection. Focusing on the wild type (WT) and G48T/L89M mutated forms of HIV-1 protease (HIV-1 PR) in complex with amprenavir (APV), indinavir (IDV), ritonavir (RTV), and nelfinavir (NFV), we have investigated the conformational dynamics and the resistance mechanism due to the G48T/L89M mutations by conducting a series of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and free energy (MM-PBSA and solvated interaction energy (SIE)) analyses. The simulation results indicate that alterations in the side-chains of G48T/L89M mutated residues cause the inner active site to increase in volume and induce more curling of the flap tips, which provide the main contributions to weaker binding of inhibitors to the HIV-1 PR. The results of energy analysis reveal that the decrease in van der Waals interactions of inhibitors with the mutated PR relative to the wild-type (WT) PR mostly drives the drug resistance of mutations toward these four inhibitors. The energy decomposition analysis further indicates that the drug resistance of mutations can be mainly attributed to the change in van der Waals and electrostatic energy of some key residues (around Ala28/Ala28' and Ile50/Ile50'). Our work can give significant guidance to design a new generation of anti-AIDS inhibitors targeting PR in the therapy of patients with HIV-1 infection.
AssuntosProtease de HIV/metabolismo , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Fármacos Anti-HIV/química , Fármacos Anti-HIV/metabolismo , Carbamatos/química , Carbamatos/metabolismo , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistência a Medicamentos/genética , Protease de HIV/genética , Indinavir/química , Indinavir/metabolismo , Conformação Molecular , Mutação , Nelfinavir/química , Nelfinavir/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Ritonavir/química , Ritonavir/metabolismo , Sulfonamidas/química , Sulfonamidas/metabolismo
Tributyltin (TBT) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental contaminants that are highly toxic to fish and co-occur in New Bedford Harbor (NBH), an estuarine Superfund site located in Massachusetts, USA. Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) that reside in NBH (and other highly contaminated sites along the east coast of the United States) have developed resistance to activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway and the toxicity of dioxin-like chemicals, such as 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl, PCB126. In many biological systems, TBT disregulates adipose and bone development via the PPARγ-RXR pathway; AHR activation also disrupts adipose and bone homeostasis, potentially through molecular crosstalk between AHR and PPARγ. However, little is known about how co-exposure and the interaction of these pathways modulate the toxicological effects of these contaminants. Here, we tested the hypotheses that TBT would induce teratogenesis in killifish via activation of PPARγ and that PCB126 co-exposure would suppress PPARγ pathway activation in PCB-sensitive killifish from a reference site (Scorton Creek, SC, PCB-sensitive) but not in PCB-tolerant NBH killifish. Killifish embryos from both populations exposed to TBT (50 and 100â¯nM) displayed caudal fin deformities. TBT did not change the expression of pparg or its target genes related to adipogenesis (fabp11a and fabp1b) in either population. However, expression of osx/sp7, an osteoblast marker gene, and col2a1b, a chondroblast marker gene, was significantly suppressed by TBT only in SC killifish. An RXR-specific agonist, but not a PPARγ-specific agonist, induced caudal fin deformities like those observed in TBT-treated embryos. PCB126 did not induce caudal fin deformities and did not exacerbate TBT-induced fin deformities. Further, PCB126 increased expression of pparg in SC embryos and not NBH embryos, but did not change the expression of fabp1b. Taken together, these results suggest that in killifish embryos the PPARγ pathway is regulated in part by AHR, but is minimally active at least in this early life stage. In killifish, RXR activation, rather than PPARγ activation, appears to be the mechanism by which TBT induces caudal fin teratogenicity, which is not modulated by AHR responsiveness.
AssuntosNadadeiras de Animais/efeitos dos fármacos , Embrião não Mamífero/efeitos dos fármacos , Fundulidae , PPAR gama/metabolismo , Bifenilos Policlorados/toxicidade , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/metabolismo , Compostos de Trialquitina/toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Nadadeiras de Animais/anormalidades , Animais , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Embrião não Mamífero/anormalidades , Embrião não Mamífero/metabolismo , Desenvolvimento Embrionário/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento/efeitos dos fármacos , Massachusetts , PPAR gama/genética , Receptor Cross-Talk , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/genética , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos
Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (coleoptera: chrysomelidae), is the important pest of potato all over the world. This insect pest is resistant to more than 50 active compounds belonging to various chemical groups. Potential of RNA interference (RNAi) was explored to knock down transcript levels of imidacloprid resistant genes in Colorado potato beetle (CPB) under laboratory conditions. Three important genes belonging to cuticular protein (CP), cytochrome P450 monoxygenases (P450) and glutathione synthetase (GSS) families encoding imidacloprid resistance were targeted. Feeding bio-assays were conducted on various stages of imidacloprid resistant CPB lab population by applying HT115 expressing dsRNA on potato leaflets. Survival rate of insects exposed to CP-dsRNA decreased to 4.23%, 15.32% and 47.35% in 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar larvae respectively. Larval weight and pre-adult duration were also affected due to dsRNAs feeding. Synergism of RNAi with imidacloprid conducted on the 2nd instar larvae, exhibited 100% mortality of larvae when subjected to reduced doses of GSS and CP dsRNAs along with imidacloprid. Utilization of three different dsRNAs against imidacloprid resistant CPB population reveal that dsRNAs targeting CP, P450 and GSS enzymes could be useful tool in management of imidacloprid resistant CPB populations.
AssuntosBesouros/genética , Resistência a Medicamentos/genética , Genes de Insetos , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Larva/metabolismo , Neonicotinoides/farmacologia , Nitrocompostos/farmacologia , Animais , Besouros/efeitos dos fármacos , Besouros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/genética , Regulação para Baixo , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Glutationa Sintase/genética , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Larva/genética , Interferência de RNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Solanum tuberosum/crescimento & desenvolvimento
Ruxolitinib is a promising option for treating steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (SR-aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). In this study, we describe ruxolitinib treatment for SR-aGVHD in HSCT patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) to evaluate its effectiveness. We evaluated the outcomes of 12 patients who received ruxolitinib for SR-aGVHD between January 2017 and March 2019. Of the 12 patients who received ruxolitinib, 7 patients achieved a complete response (CR), 3 had a partial response (PR), and 2 experienced treatment failure (TF). OS and CR rates were 83.3% and 58.3%, respectively. Moreover, CR was achieved by the six patients who had aGVHD with skin involvement. The mean time of steroid application in the patients who received ruxolitinib was 28.1 days. Median survival after HSCT was 64.6 weeks. The adverse effects of ruxolitinib included grades 3 to 4 neutropenia (n = 7) and grades 3 to 4 thrombocytopenia (n = 6). Cytomegalovirus reactivation was observed in three patients. A high rate of CR and short steroid application time of ruxolitinib as a salvage treatment were observed in HSCT patients with EBV-HLH. Consequently, from this study, it was determined that ruxolitinib is an optimal choice to treat SR-aGVHD in patients with EBV-HLH.
AssuntosInfecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Herpesvirus Humano 4 , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica , Pirazóis/administração & dosagem , Dermatopatias , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Aloenxertos , Criança , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/mortalidade , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/terapia , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/mortalidade , Humanos , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/mortalidade , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/terapia , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Dermatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatopatias/mortalidade , Esteroides/administração & dosagem , Taxa de Sobrevida
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of quercetin combined with ivermectin (IVM) on Haemonchus contortus larvae and adults with different resistance profiles and demonstrate the in vivo anthelmintic action of this combination when used in sheep naturally infected. The effect of combination was evaluated based on the analysis of the mean effective concentration (EC50) obtained for larvae using the larval migration inhibition test and for adults using the motility test on females. The tests with larvae and adults were conducted using isolates with different degrees of susceptibility to IVM (sensitive, intermediate and highly resistant). The in vivo effect was evaluated based on the reduction in the egg count (FEC) and reduction in the count of adult helminths recovered after parasitological necropsy. Using the combination of quercetin with IVM, it was observed that in larvae, quercetin did not significantly reduce the EC50 for IVM in the sensitive and highly resistant isolates, but led to a significant reduction in the EC50 for IVM in the intermediate isolate. In adults, quercetin did not significantly reduce the EC50 for IVM in any of the isolates. No significant effect of the combination was found regarding the reduction in FEC or total count of parasites. The results of the in vitro and in vivo tests performed in the present study on quercetin activity underscore the importance of evaluating resistance-reversing agents among different stages of parasite development as well as among isolates with different resistance profiles. The action of quercetin combined with IVM on the motility of H. contortus larvae and adults was influenced by the degree of resistance and development stage of the parasite. The combination was effective only on intermediate resistant larvae. No action of the combination against adults was found. Moreover, this combination, when administered through the intra-abomasal route, was not effective at reducing the FEC and parasite load of naturally infected sheep.
AssuntosAnti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Hemoncose/tratamento farmacológico , Haemonchus/efeitos dos fármacos , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Quercetina/uso terapêutico , Doenças dos Ovinos/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Ovinos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia
Introduction: Lung cancer is a major public health problem, as the second causes of cancer related death worldwide, with relatively low survival rates, and accessible drug resistance. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been identified as activator in lung cancer with elusive mechanisms. We aimed to detect the regulation of LncRNA MALAT1 in the proliferation and gefitinib resistance in lung cancer cells. Methods: MALAT1 in A549 and HCC 1299 human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines was silenced by shRNA or overexpressed using plasmid, and the cell viability and cell proliferation were evaluated by MTT assay and soft agar colony formation assay. RNA levels were detected by RT-PCR, and the protein expression was measured by western blot. The binding between MALAT1 and miR-200a was validated by luciferase reporter assays using pSi-Chech 2 vectors. Results: The cell viability and proliferation of A549 cells transfected with MALAT1 shRNA were significantly lower than the control. The MALAT1 expression in gefitinib resistant A549 cells was upregulated. miR-200a significantly inhibited the fluorescence of pSi-Check 2 vector with MALAT1 gene, suggesting the direct binding between MALAT1 and miR-200a. In addition, LncRNA MALAT1 promotes ZEB1 expression in A549 cells. Conclusion: Our study showed that MALAT1 promoted the proliferation and gefitinib resistance of lung cancer cells by sponging miR-200a, which regulates expression of ZEB1 in the A549 cells. This MALAT1/miR-200a axis could serve as new therapeutic target for lung cancer treatment
Introducción: El cáncer de pulmón es un importante problema de salud pública. Constituye la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en el mundo y se asocia a tasas de supervivencia relativamente bajas y a resistencia a fármacos accesibles. Los RNA largos no-codificantes (lncRNA) se han identificado como activadores en el cáncer de pulmón con mecanismos aún no esclarecidos. El objetivo de este estudio fue detectar la regulación del LncRNA MALAT1 en la proliferación y la resistencia de las células tumorales de pulmón. Métodos: La expresión de MALAT1 se silenció con un shRNA o se sobreexpresó mediante el uso de un plásmido en las líneas celulares de adenocarcinoma pulmonar humano A459 y HCC. La viabilidad celular y la proliferación se evaluaron mediante un ensayo MTT y el ensayo de formación de colonias en agar blando. Los niveles de RNA se detectaron con RT-PCR y los niveles de proteína se midieron con Western Blot. La unión entre MALAT1 y miR-200a se validó gracias a un ensayo de luciferasa utilizando vectores pSi-Chech 2. Resultados: La viabilidad y la proliferación de las células A549 transfectadas con el shRNA contra MALAT1 resultaron significativamente más bajas que en el control. Se produjo un incremento en la expresión de MALAT1 en las células A549 resistentes a gefitinib. MiR-200a inhibió significativamente la fluorescencia del vector pSi-Check 2 que contenía el gen MALAT1, sugiriendo la unión directa entre MALAT1 y miR-200a. Además, el LncRNA de MALAT1 promovió la expresión de ZEB1 en las células A549. Conclusión: Nuestro estudio demuestra que MALAT1 promovió la proliferación y resistencia a gefitinib en células tumorales de pulmón actuando como "esponja" de miR-200a, que regula la expresión de ZEB1 en células A549
AssuntosHumanos , MicroRNAs/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Gefitinibe/uso terapêutico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase
BACKGROUND: The WHO recommends artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Hence, monitoring the efficacy of antimalarial drugs is a key component of malaria control and elimination. The published randomized trials that assessed comparisons of ACTs for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria reported conflicting results in treatment efficacy. A network meta-analysis is an extension of pairwise meta-analysis that can synthesize evidence simultaneously from both direct and indirect treatment comparisons. The objective was to synthesize evidence on the comparative efficacy of antimalarial drugs for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Asian region. METHODS: Relevant randomized trials that assessed efficacy of antimalarial drugs for patients having uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Asian region were searched in health-related databases. We evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Main outcome was treatment success at day 28 as determined by the absence of parasiteamia. We performed network meta-analysis of the interventions in the trials, and assessed the overall quality of evidence using the GRADE approach. RESULTS: Seventeen randomized trials (n = 5043) were included in this network meta-analysis study. A network geometry was formed with 14 antimalarial treatment options such as artemether-lumefantrine (AL), artemisinin-piperaquine, artesunate-amodiaquine, artesunate-mefloquine (ASMQ), artesunate-chloroquine, artesunate-mefloquine home treatment, artesunate-mefloquine 2-day course, artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, chloroquine, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP), dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine home treatment, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine 4-day course, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and added artesunate, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. A maximum number of trials included was DHP compared to ASMQ (n = 5). In general, DHP had better efficacy than AL at day 28 (DHP vs AL: OR 2.5, 95%CI:1.08-5.8). There is low certainty evidence due to limited number of studies and small trials. DISCUSSION/ CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest the superiority of DHP (3-day course) to AL and other comparator ACTs are with the overall low/very low quality of evidence judgements. Moreover, one drug regimen is better than another is only if current drug-resistance patterns are at play. For example, the AL might be better than DHP in areas where both artemisinin and piperaquine resistance patterns are prevalent. For substantiation, well-designed larger trials from endemic countries are needed. In the light of benefit versus harm concept, future analysis with safety information is recommended.
AssuntosAntimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Bases de Dados Factuais , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Malária Falciparum/tratamento farmacológico , Antimaláricos/efeitos adversos , Ásia , Humanos , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
The Hormonal assessment of Arterial Hypertension (HTA) is an important part of the balance of resistant hypertension. This assessment - going well beyond the search for primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) - requires a rigorous methodology and a robust experience of the nursing team within a dedicated unit: the HTA Day Hospital. If all the conditions are met and the assessment carried out well, it will allow a significant profitability since in this resistant hypertensive population it will detect a particular mechanism or secondary hypertension in 70% of patients. Since the diagnosis of PHA is essentially biological, the proper execution of the various stages of the assessment is essential to its documentation.
AssuntosTécnicas de Diagnóstico Endócrino , Hormônios/análise , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Aldosterona/análise , Aldosterona/sangue , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Análise Química do Sangue/métodos , Análise Química do Sangue/normas , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Endócrino/normas , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Hormônios/sangue , Humanos , Hiperaldosteronismo/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/sangue , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertensão/etiologia , Renina/análise , Renina/sangue
The emergence and spread of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum impedes global efforts to control and eliminate malaria. For decades, treatment of malaria has relied on chloroquine (CQ), a safe and affordable 4-aminoquinoline that was highly effective against intra-erythrocytic asexual blood-stage parasites, until resistance arose in Southeast Asia and South America and spread worldwide1. Clinical resistance to the chemically related current first-line combination drug piperaquine (PPQ) has now emerged regionally, reducing its efficacy2. Resistance to CQ and PPQ has been associated with distinct sets of point mutations in the P. falciparum CQ-resistance transporter PfCRT, a 49-kDa member of the drug/metabolite transporter superfamily that traverses the membrane of the acidic digestive vacuole of the parasite3-9. Here we present the structure, at 3.2 Å resolution, of the PfCRT isoform of CQ-resistant, PPQ-sensitive South American 7G8 parasites, using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy and antigen-binding fragment technology. Mutations that contribute to CQ and PPQ resistance localize primarily to moderately conserved sites on distinct helices that line a central negatively charged cavity, indicating that this cavity is the principal site of interaction with the positively charged CQ and PPQ. Binding and transport studies reveal that the 7G8 isoform binds both drugs with comparable affinities, and that these drugs are mutually competitive. The 7G8 isoform transports CQ in a membrane potential- and pH-dependent manner, consistent with an active efflux mechanism that drives CQ resistance5, but does not transport PPQ. Functional studies on the newly emerging PfCRT F145I and C350R mutations, associated with decreased PPQ susceptibility in Asia and South America, respectively6,9, reveal their ability to mediate PPQ transport in 7G8 variant proteins and to confer resistance in gene-edited parasites. Structural, functional and in silico analyses suggest that distinct mechanistic features mediate the resistance to CQ and PPQ in PfCRT variants. These data provide atomic-level insights into the molecular mechanism of this key mediator of antimalarial treatment failures.
AssuntosMicroscopia Crioeletrônica , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/química , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/ultraestrutura , Plasmodium falciparum/química , Proteínas de Protozoários/química , Proteínas de Protozoários/ultraestrutura , Cloroquina/metabolismo , Cloroquina/farmacologia , Resistência a Medicamentos/genética , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Malária Falciparum/tratamento farmacológico , Malária Falciparum/parasitologia , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/genética , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Mutação , Plasmodium falciparum/genética , Plasmodium falciparum/ultraestrutura , Proteínas de Protozoários/genética , Proteínas de Protozoários/metabolismo , Quinolinas/metabolismo , Quinolinas/farmacologia
BACKGROUND: Drug resistant malaria is a growing concern in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where previous studies indicate that parasites resistant to sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine or chloroquine are spatially clustered. This study explores longitudinal changes in spatial patterns to understand how resistant malaria may be spreading within the DRC, using samples from nation-wide population-representative surveys. METHODS: We selected 552 children with PCR-detectable Plasmodium falciparum infection and identified known variants in the pfdhps and pfcrt genes associated with resistance. We compared the proportion of mutant parasites in 2013 to those previously reported from adults in 2007, and identified risk factors for carrying a resistant allele using multivariate mixed-effects modeling. Finally, we fit a spatial-temporal model to the observed data, providing smooth allele frequency estimates over space and time. RESULTS: The proportion of co-occurring pfdhps K540E/A581G mutations increased by 16% between 2007 and 2013. The spatial-temporal model suggests that the spatial range of the pfdhps double mutants expanded over time, while the prevalence and range of pfcrt mutations remained steady. CONCLUSIONS: This study uses population-representative samples to describe the changing landscape of SP resistance within the DRC, and the persistence of chloroquine resistance. Vigilant molecular surveillance is critical for controlling the spread of resistance.
AssuntosAntimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Malária Falciparum/tratamento farmacológico , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Adolescente , Adulto , Álcool Desidrogenase/genética , Cloroquina/uso terapêutico , Estudos Transversais , República Democrática do Congo/epidemiologia , Combinação de Medicamentos , Resistência a Medicamentos/genética , Frequência do Gene , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Malária Falciparum/parasitologia , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mutação , Plasmodium falciparum/genética , Prevalência , Proteínas de Protozoários/genética , Pirimetamina/uso terapêutico , Análise Espaço-Temporal , Sulfadoxina/uso terapêutico , Adulto Jovem
Pyrazinamide (PZA) is the only drug for the elimination of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates. However, due to the increased number of PZA-resistance, the chances of the success of global TB elimination seems to be more prolonged. Recently, marine natural products (MNPs) as an anti-TB agent have received much attention, where some compounds extracted from marine sponge, Haliclona sp. exhibited strong activity under aerobic and hypoxic conditions. In this study, we screened articles from 1994 to 2019 related to marine natural products (MNPs) active against latent MTB isolates. The literature was also mined for the major regulators to map them in the form of a pathway under the dormant stage. Five compounds were found to be more suitable that may be applied as an alternative to PZA for the better management of resistance under latent stage. However, the mechanism of actions behind these compounds is largely unknown. Here, we also applied synthetic biology to analyze the major regulatory pathway under latent TB that might be used for the screening of selective inhibitors among marine natural products (MNPs). We identified key regulators of MTB under latent TB through extensive literature mining and mapped them in the form of regulatory pathway, where SigH is negatively regulated by RshA. PknB, RshA, SigH, and RNA polymerase (RNA-pol) are the major regulators involved in MTB survival under latent stage. Further studies are needed to screen MNPs active against the main regulators of dormant MTB isolates. To reduce the PZA resistance burden, understanding the regulatory pathways may help in selective targets of MNPs from marine natural sources.
AssuntosAntituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Produtos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Tuberculose Latente/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/métodos , Mutação/efeitos dos fármacos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/efeitos dos fármacos , Pirazinamida/uso terapêutico
Malaria is a life threatening disease caused by microscopic parasites called Plasmodium that are transmitted to human beings by mosquitoes. Single celled Eukaryotic plasmodium parasite is responsible to cause malaria in human beings and is transmitted by bite of Anopheles species mosquitoes. Resurgence of malaria towards the end of 20th Century is due to failure of its eradication completely. Parasite recurrence occurs due to high densities of parasite, low immunity and non opimized drug concentration. The ineffective eradications strategies were due to indefinable complex life cycle of Plasmodium and emergence of drugs resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) including Artemisinin and Artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT). The vector of the disease i.e. mosquitoes became resistive towards Pyrethroids, which are only class of insecticides recommended for vector control. Artemisinin based combination therapy gained acceptance as an effective approach to counter the spread of disease resistance to chloroquine, sulfadoxine, pyrimethamine and other anti malarial drugs. Understanding the underlying molecular basis of the pathogenesis led to the development of some new diagnostic, drugs and insecticides. Reports on the use of new combination therapies reduced the burden of disease worldwide. Some of the new combination therapies are in clinical stage of development that have efficacy against drug resistant parasites and the potential to use in single dose regimens to improve compliance. The current review represents the recent anti-malarial research carried out globally especially in the class of synthesis of small molecule and natural product derivatives as potent anti-malarial drugs. The review also covers the advancement in the anti-malarial vaccine development although goal for vaccine development still remains elusive.
AssuntosAntimaláricos/farmacologia , Artemisininas/farmacologia , Malária/tratamento farmacológico , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antimaláricos/química , Artemisininas/química , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos
OBJECTIVE: Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and it has been studied in RA resistance recently. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the important transporters that mediate MTX resistance. This study investigated the effect of Paeoniflorin-6'-O-benzene sulfonate (code: CP-25) in the resistance of P-gp-mediated MTX to RA. METHODS: Adjuvant arthritis (AA) was induced in rats via complete Freund's adjuvant. The experimental groups were divided into normal group; AA model group; monotherapy groups, including CP-25, MTX and dexamethasone; and CP-25 combined with MTX group. The expression of P-gp in synovial tissue was measured by western blot and histochemistry. Besides, P-gp high expression of human hepatoma cell line Bel7402/5-FU and Bel7402 were chose to study in MTX resistance and the function of P-gp was detected by Flow cytometry. RESULTS: CP-25 had a good therapeutic effect on AA rats, significantly improved manifestations and reduced the expression of P-gp in synovial tissue, spleen medulla and small intestinal epithelial cells in the apical tissues of AA rats. In addition, CP-25 significantly inhibited the up-regulation of P-gp induced by TNF-α stimulation in synoviocytes. Furthermore, according to the accumulation and efflux of rhodamine 123 in Bel7402/5-FU resistant cells and Bel7402 sensitive cells, CP-25 could reverse the resistance of MTX in Bel7402/5-FU cells compared with Bel7402 cells, which was reflected by the reduced IC50 values of MTX. Further study indicated that CP-25 could decrease P-gp expression and inhibit P-gp function in Bel7402/5-FU cells. CONCLUSION: CP-25 regulates the expression of P-gp and inhibits the function of P-gp, thereby improving the resistance of MTX.
AssuntosMembro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/metabolismo , Artrite Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Experimental/metabolismo , Glucosídeos/uso terapêutico , Monoterpenos/uso terapêutico , Sinoviócitos/metabolismo , Animais , Artrite Experimental/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação/patologia , Intestino Delgado/efeitos dos fármacos , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Articulações/efeitos dos fármacos , Articulações/patologia , Masculino , Metotrexato/farmacologia , Metotrexato/uso terapêutico , Monoterpenos/farmacologia , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Rodamina 123/metabolismo , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Baço/patologia , Sinoviócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Sinoviócitos/patologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/farmacologia
AIMS: To provide 2-year follow-up data on eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) that were non-responsive after three initial anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections, comparing functional and anatomical outcomes under continued anti-VEGF therapy versus dexamethasone (DEX) implant. METHODS: Multicenter, retrospective chart review comparing eyes with treatment-naïve DME and a suboptimal response to a loading phase of anti-VEGF therapy (3 injections given monthly) which were then treated with (a) further anti-VEGF (n = 72) or (b) initially switched to DEX implant (n = 38). Main outcome measures were change in visual acuity (VA) and central subfield thickness (CST) from the end of the loading phase to 24 months. RESULTS: In 79% of the 12-month study population (87/110 eyes), 24-month data were available. One quarter of eyes in each group switched treatments during the second year. Eyes that were switched early to DEX implant maintained the functional and anatomical improvements at 24 months which were seen in the first year (from month 3: + 8.9 letters, - 214 µm). Eyes that were switched from anti-VEGF therapy to steroids in the second year improved VA and reduced CST at 24 months (from month 12: + 6.8 letters, p = 0.023; - 226 µm, p = 0.004). In eyes continued on anti-VEGF therapy, VA and CST were stable at 24 months (from month 3: + 2.8 letters, p = 0.254; - 24 µm, p = 0.243). Eyes that were non-responsive to anti-VEGF therapy for 12 months had similar chances to experience a VA gain from further therapy as eyes that were non-responsive for 3 months only (23.8 vs. 31.0%, p = 0.344). CONCLUSIONS: The beneficial effect of an early switch to DEX implant in DME non-responders seen at month 12 was maintained during the second year. A later switch from anti-VEGF to steroids still provided significant improvement. Eyes continued on anti-VEGF over a period of 24 months maintained vision. A quarter of eyes, which had not improved vision at 12 months, exhibited a delayed response to treatment.
AssuntosInibidores da Angiogênese/administração & dosagem , Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Retinopatia Diabética/tratamento farmacológico , Edema Macular/tratamento farmacológico , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/antagonistas & inibidores , Idoso , Bevacizumab/administração & dosagem , Retinopatia Diabética/epidemiologia , Esquema de Medicação , Implantes de Medicamento , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Substituição de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intravítreas , Edema Macular/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/imunologia , Acuidade Visual/efeitos dos fármacos
Leishmaniasis, a major health problem worldwide, has a limited arsenal of drugs for its control. The appearance of resistance to first- and second-line anti-leishmanial drugs confirms the need to develop new and less toxic drugs that overcome spontaneous resistance. In the present study, we report the design and synthesis of a novel library of 38 flavonol-like compounds and their evaluation in a panel of assays encompassing parasite killing, pharmacokinetics, genomics and ADME-Toxicity resulting in the progression of a compound in the drug discovery value chain. Compound 19, 2-(benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one, exhibited a broad-spectrum activity against Leishmania spp. (EC50 1.9⯵M for Leishmania infantum, 3.4⯵M for L. donovani, 6.7⯵M for L. major), Trypanosoma cruzi (EC50 7.5⯵M) and T. brucei (EC50 0.8⯵M). Focusing on anti-Leishmania activity, compound 19 challenge in vitro did not select for resistance markers in L. donovani, while a Cos-Seq screening for dominant resistance genes identified a gene locus on chromosome 36 that became ineffective at concentrations beyond EC50. Thus, compound 19 is a promising scaffold to tackle drug resistance in Leishmania infection. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies indicated that compound 19 has a long half-life (intravenous (IV): 63.2â¯h; per os (PO): 46.9â¯h) with an acceptable ADME-Toxicity profile. When tested in Leishmania infected hamsters, no toxicity and limited efficacy were observed. Low solubility and degradation were investigated spectroscopically as possible causes for the sub-optimal pharmacokinetic properties. Compound 19 resulted a specific compound based on the screening against a protein set, following the intrinsic fluorescence changes.
AssuntosAntiprotozoários , Flavonóis , Leishmania/efeitos dos fármacos , Leishmaniose/tratamento farmacológico , Fosforilcolina/análogos & derivados , Tiofenos , Animais , Antiprotozoários/síntese química , Antiprotozoários/química , Antiprotozoários/farmacologia , Cricetinae , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Flavonóis/síntese química , Flavonóis/química , Flavonóis/farmacologia , Genômica , Humanos , Fosforilcolina/química , Fosforilcolina/farmacologia , Tiofenos/síntese química , Tiofenos/química , Tiofenos/farmacologia
Recent evidence indicates that long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript-1 (lncRNA CCAT1) is abundantly expressed in esophageal cancer and is closely related to the occurrence, development, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of this disease. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of CCAT1 in the cell proliferation and chemoresistance of esophageal cancer are largely unknown. The correlation between CCAT1 expression and drug resistance to cisplatin (CDDP) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells was analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays. CCAT1 knockdown and miR-143 overexpression or inhibition were used to verify the effects on proliferation and drug resistance via MTT, western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence assays. qRT-PCR and western blotting were applied to detect the potential regulatory relationship among CCAT1, miR-143, PLK1, and BUBR1. A xenograft tumor assay was performed to validate the role of CCAT1 in vivo. The expression of CCAT1 was positively correlated with drug resistance in several ESCC cell lines. CCAT1 knockdown and miR-143 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and CDDP drug resistance. Moreover, the downstream target of CCAT1 was found to be miR-143, which can regulate the expression of PLK1 and BUBR1. In vivo assays showed that CCAT1 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and enhanced the sensitivity of tumors to CDDP in nude mice. Taken together, we discovered a novel mechanism by which CCAT1 promotes cell proliferation and enhances drug resistance by regulating the miR-143/PLK1/BUBR1 signaling axis both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings further suggest that lncRNA CCAT1 may be a potential therapeutic target for overcoming chemoresistance in esophageal cancer.
AssuntosCarcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Cisplatino/farmacologia , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/tratamento farmacológico , MicroRNAs/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Animais , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/genética , Resistência a Medicamentos/genética , Neoplasias Esofágicas/genética , Neoplasias Esofágicas/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/genética , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/metabolismo , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto/métodos
Resistant hypertension is defined as uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) despite three antihypertensive agents including a diuretic (thiazide diuretic if renal function is normal or loop diuretic in case of chronic kidney disease with eGFR<30mL/min), a renin-angiotensin system blocker (ARB or ACEI) and a calcium channel blocker, at optimal doses. Resistance must be confirmed by out-of-office measurements (ambulatory blood pressure monitoring or home blood pressure monitoring) and patients should be asked about treatment compliance and excessive salt or alcohol intake. If the diagnosis of resistant hypertension is confirmed, the patient should be referred to a hypertension specialist to screen for secondary causes of hypertension as they are frequent in this context. If essential resistant hypertension is confirmed, the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, spironolactone, should be added (25 to 50mg daily). In the event of a contraindication to spironolactone, or if adverse effects occur, a beta-blocker, an alpha-blocker, or a centrally acting antihypertensive drug should be prescribed.
AssuntosAnti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Resistência a Medicamentos , Hipertensão Essencial/tratamento farmacológico , Espironolactona/uso terapêutico , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Hipertensão Essencial/epidemiologia , Humanos , Resultado do Tratamento
Anthelmintic resistance in equine cyathostomin parasites is widespread. A surveillance-based parasite control program using fecal egg counts (FECs) and fecal egg count reduction tests (FECRTs) to decrease anthelmintic use and monitor treatment efficacy is recommended. The purpose of this study was to examine shifts in equine parasite control program management practices via a short course presented by the Penn State Extension, and to highlight how data collected from these programs is useful for monitoring anthelmintic efficacy on a large scale. Horse owners were enrolled after participating in a short course and filled out questionnaire surveys about their parasite management programs pre and post study, horse information, and farm information. FECs were performed at three time points, and horses above a 300 strongyle eggs per gram cut-off were treated with pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole, or ivermectin. Two weeks post-treatment, FECRTs were performed to determine treatment efficacy, which included 29 farms with 513 individual treatments. Prior to the study, only 30.6% of farms used FECs, but after the study, 97.3% of farms said they would use FECs in the future. Horses were given an average of 4.1 anthelmintic treatments per year before the study, and post study 89.2% of farms were able to reduce the number of anthelmintic treatments used. Fenbendazole was effective on zero farms, pyrantel pamoate on 7.4% of farms, and ivermectin on 92.9% of farms. This outreach project helped generate information about anthelmintic efficacy levels, causing a shift in practices on participating farms, and collected useful anthelmintic resistance data.
AssuntosAntinematódeos/uso terapêutico , Fenbendazol/uso terapêutico , Doenças dos Cavalos/epidemiologia , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas/veterinária , Pamoato de Pirantel/uso terapêutico , Animais , Resistência a Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fazendas , Fezes/parasitologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças dos Cavalos/parasitologia , Cavalos , Inquéritos e Questionários
BACKGROUND: In addition to the limited therapeutic arsenal and the side effects of antileishmanial agents, drug resistance hinders disease control. In Brazil, Leishmania braziliensis causes atypical (AT) tegumentary leishmaniasis lesions, frequently refractory to treatment. OBJECTIVES: The main goal of this study was to characterise antimony (Sb)-resistant (SbR) L. braziliensis strains obtained from patients living in Xakriabá indigenous community, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: The aquaglyceroporin 1-encoding gene (AQP1) from L. braziliensis clinical isolates was sequenced, and its function was evaluated by hypo-osmotic shock. mRNA levels of genes associated with Sb resistance were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Atomic absorption was used to measure Sb uptake. FINDINGS: Although clinical isolates presented delayed recovery time in hypo-osmotic shock, AQP1 function was maintained. Isolate 340 accumulated less Sb than all other isolates, supporting the 65-fold downregulation of AQP1 mRNA levels. Both 330 and 340 isolates upregulated antimony resistance marker (ARM) 56/ARM58 and multidrug resistant protein A (MRPA); however, only ARM58 upregulation was an exclusive feature of SbR field isolates. CA7AE seemed to increase drug uptake in L. braziliensis and represented a tool to study the role of glycoconjugates in Sb transport. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: There is a clear correlation between ARM56/58 upregulation and Sb resistance in AT-harbouring patients, suggesting the use of these markers as potential indicators to help the treatment choice and outcome, preventing therapeutic failure.


text:
Singers for Hire | Mobile Disco Hire
Entertainment in Seaton includes Childrens Entertainer funny Comedians a top quality range of Tribute Acts and superb Bands throughout the UK. Costello Entertainments is a well established, experienced and customer focused Entertainment Agency supplying Entertainers in Seaton . For Weddings, Birthday Parties, Christenings or Corporate Events we provide a comprehensive Party Entertainment Hire Service for all types of Entertainment in Seaton .
Entertainment Categories in Seaton
- Pop Star Lookalikes in Seaton
- Craft Party in Seaton
- Saxophone Player For Hire in Seaton
- TV Presenters For Hire in Seaton
- Soul Bands For Hire in Seaton
- Face Painting Hire in Seaton
- Frank Sinatra Tribute in Seaton
- Singers For Hire in Seaton
- Abba Tribute Band in Seaton
- The Saturdays Tribute Band in Seaton

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Academic toolkit
If you're a paediatric trainee interested in pursuing an academic career pathway, explore this resource - from funding application checklists to tips on writing your PhD application and case studies from those already in research.
Career support service
Each of us faces questions, dilemmas, even big problems in relation to our career... Our service provides personal career guidance through a network of advisors. It's free of charge to RCPCH members and fellows at different career levels - including trainees, SAS doctors and consultant paediatrician...
Children's Cancer Services in England – consultation response
In 2019 we responded to NHS England's consultation on cancer services for children, teenagers and young adults. While we welcomed the direction of travel we identified a number of areas for improvement.
Communicating the aims and outputs of the NNAP effectively to parents and families - a case study for NNAP
This case study was included in the 2017 National Neonatal Audit Programme annual report to highlight how a neonatal unit has used its results from the National Neonatal Audit Programme as a basis to identify and implement local quality improvement activities. You can download the full case study be...
COVID-19 - education and professional development update
As the situation develops with COVID-19, the College has updated its guidance on professional development activities including educational resources and revalidation processes. We also have collated relevant links or updates from other organisations in this section.
CPD approval of distance and online learning - how to apply
As part of our accreditation programme, RCPCH CPD approval is a recognised mark of quality for your distance learning (DL) or online learning.
CPD approval of live educational activities - application process
As part of our accreditation programme, RCPCH CPD approval is a recognised mark of quality for your live educational event.
CPD Diary move - about and frequently asked questions
Your CPD Diary is now live in RCPCH ePortfolio on the Kaizen platform. RCPCH ePortfolio now provides a life-long learning platform for paediatricians, from training and throughout a doctor's working life. This page provides you with FAQs and user guidance on how CPD Diary works in ePortfolio.
CPD scheme - frequently asked questions
Our CPD (continuing professional development) scheme is for paediatricians who are not in training. Here we answer your questions about the scheme.
CPD scheme and guidance for paediatricians
Our CPD (continuing professional development) scheme is for paediatricians who are not in training. Find out more about it, and how and when to register on the the online CPD Diary.


text:
News & Blogs
ADR UK data access: Covid-19 update
2 April 2020
An update about how ADR UK's data services are affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. We will continue to provide updates here as and when circumstances change further.
Read more
ONS launches new Research Accreditation Service
2 April 2020
The Office for National Statistics (ONS) has launched its new Research Accreditation Service – an online one-stop-shop for becoming an accredited researcher under the Digital Economy Act, and accessing research data held by the ONS Secure Research Service and other processors accredited under the Act.
Read more
An inside job: Using criminology, police data and a lot of nouse
27 March 2020
Insights from a seminar delivered by Professor Betsy Stanko OBE detailing key messages about unlocking the value of crime data.
Read more
ADR Wales partner SAIL Databank receives £4.5 million investment
25 March 2020
The new funding, which will maintain SAIL Databank for at least the next five years, comes as part of a £44 million investment package from Welsh Government into health and social care research to improve care and services.
Read more
New study shows notable regional differences in drug-related mortality in Northern Ireland
25 March 2020
Recent work by NISRA (ADR Northern Ireland) researchers using the linked Northern Ireland Mortality Study (NIMS) provides novel, socio-demographic insights into drug-related deaths in Northern Ireland.
Read more


text:
It can weigh May 02, 2017 · UK killer whale died with extreme levels of toxic pollutants This article is more than 2 years old. killer whales: Blue Cliffs Beach, Tuatapere, New Zealand – Boxing Day 2011 A group of sharks had been swimming near the beach when a pod of orcas Feb 25, 2010 · Killer Whale nearly kills experienced trainer at SeaWorld [ Wild Animal Fights ]79. During the northern migration this young Humpback has survived a serious attack from Orca who have tried to damage his 22 Mar 2018 WATCH: Researchers believe they've recorded the first-ever observed case of orca infanticide, where an adult male and its mother killed the 22 May 2017 Natural whale deaths benefit the whole ocean ecosystem. Baby killer whales go through an extensive journey from conception to adulthood. He was appraised at 1. 20 Mar 2018 Here we describe observations of an adult male killer whale (Orcinus orca) and his post-reproductive mother killing a neonate belonging to an 15 Oct 2016 We saw some killer whales interacting with some humpbacks and thought it could be an attack. For example the killer whale is an apex predator so it doesn't have a natural predator, however like many animals humans can be devastating to whale populations. Orcas, or killer whales, are the largest of the dolphins and one of the world's most powerful predators. Take a deep dive and learn all about killer whales - from what they like to eat to how they care for their young. Aug 02, 2017 · Orcas Team Up to Kill Whale in Raw, First-Ever Video Scientists had never seen how killer whales work cooperatively to hunt a juvenile bowhead whale, which is three times an orca's size. The trainer escaped and was in good Jan 31, 2018 · From the water, a high-pitched squeak calls out "hello" but the sound is not coming from a human, it's a whale. Nov 21, 2014 · Orcas are often called killer whales. May 03, 2019 · A killer whale seen attacking a gray whale calf west of Carmel Bay on May 1, 2019. Which would win a match-up? Against the backdrop of an impending battle between the animals, the book compares and contrasts their physical features. A killer whale seen attacking a gray whale calf west of Carmel Bay on May 1, 2019. A Japanese whaling crew has fallen victim to a dramatic full on assault by a school of killer whales, killing no less than 16 crew members and injuring 12, has reported the Japanese Government this morning. Oct 24, 2013 · And, " what provoked him to become a literal serial killer whale? When SeaWorld's bull Killer Whale Tilikum killed trainer Dawn Brancheau in February of 2010, the American media covered the story in a more extensive manner than the first two Tilikum victims had received, but their coverage didn't answer my questions, so I used my best Killer whales (or orcas) are powerful predators capable of killing leopard seals and great white sharks. Blancheau was grabbed and killed by a whale after a show last week. Video has emerged of the moment a killer whale dragged a trainer underwater during a live SeaWorld performance. An Feb 24, 2010 · A killer whale attacked and killed a trainer at the SeaWorld amusement park in Florida today as horrified tourists looked on. Mar 09, 2020 · The 1977 ecological-horror film Orca: The Killer Whale is finally getting a North American Blu-ray release, courtesy of Scream Factory. Killer whales do not eat polar bears and so they do not go out looking for them and killing them. SPOILER ALERT Aug 05, 2014 · I've seen conflicting articles online about a Japanese Whaling Crew of 16 eaten alive by Killer Whales. They can come ashore to hunt Apr 19, 2019 · But also: killer whales. and he knew that that was the Killer Whale, the Grampus, who eats young seals Feb 25, 2010 · (See a 2006 story about a killer-whale attack in San Diego. He was considered dangerous, as he was never trained for human contact. When they attack other whales, they work like a pack Jun 06, 2016 · Heartbreaking footage shows the moment a killer whale jumped from its enclosure in an attempt to 'commit suicide', according to onlookers. (AP) — A SeaWorld killer whale snatched a trainer from a poolside platform in its jaws on Wednesday and thrashed the woman around underwater, killing Apr 29, 2017 · This is the incredible moment nine killer whales attack and quickly kill a weak mother grey whale and her calf. Jan 07, 2017 · Tilikum, the killer Orca whale, was responsible for at least three horrific deaths during his 36-year life span. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. For the XL size homes you will marvel with the dominating performance of the PurVac Killer Whale: This beast of a central vacuum packs a punch with 1,496 air-watts (suction power) making it one of the most powerful 240-volt central vacuum systems in the world to date. It marked the Oct 17, 2019 · Whale watchers off the north coast of New South Wales have held a front-row seat to the rarely witnessed and gruesome spectacle of a pod of killer whales devouring a juvenile humpback whale. On February 24, 2010, Tilikum killed Dawn Brancheau, a 40-year-old trainer. A killer whale has killed a senior SeaWorld trainer in the United States, pulling her into the water while visitors looked on. In 2004 at San Antonio's SeaWorld, another killer whale attacked its trainer repeatedly If a killer whale is beached for too long the weight of their body — normally supported by the water's buoyancy — can crush their internal organs and muscles. It marked the third time the animal had been involved in a human death. After being separated from his mother while still young, Luna spent five years in Nootka Sound, an ocean inlet of western Vancouver Island. May 14, 2014 · And isn't that perfect for our Killer! The killer whale flips the shark, puts it to sleep. For decades, killer whales were the main attraction at Feb 26, 2010 · NEW YORK (CBS) A tourist visiting Orlando's SeaWorld captured whale trainer Dawn Brancheau's last moments alive. Notable examples of sharks vs. Police confirmed the trainer was Dawn Brancheau, 40, the reported. In the early 1970's photo-identification of killer whales was established by the late Michael Bigg of Fisheries and Oceans Canada. If this deer did indeed meet its end in the mouth of a mammal-hunting Killer Whale, I would not be surprised if it was a juvenile mammal-hunting Killer Whale who undertook the "interaction". Jan 13, 2015 · Killer Whale Vs Great White - Orca Kills Shark and Wins Fight [Wildlife Documentary] Aug 20, 2017 · A former killer whale trainer at SeaWorld has spoken out about conditions at the attraction, after the deaths of three orcas there this year. Stunned whale watchers witnessed the slaughter in Monterey Bay, California on Wednesday. Sep 29, 2011 · A video clip passed around via social media seemingly captured an innocent beachgoer being snatched by a killer whale: Here's a guy walking on the beach at surf breaking on the sand and he gets Mar 22, 2018 · Marine scientists in B. " Jan 06, 2017 · ORLANDO, Fla. Conservation efforts such as those at SeaWorld are attempting to increase the number of killer whale babies born. 4 miles off the coast of the ancient port city of Acre, where the water is 15 meters deep. . Also, in Orca the whale kills for revenge, and not for food. Jan 09, 2017 · On Sunday, for what would mark the final time, an announcer at San Diego's SeaWorld park asked a stadium crowd if they would like to get soaked by a killer whale. Some would say A Sea World killer whale snatched a trainer from a poolside platform today and thrashed the trainer around underwater, killing her in front of a horrified audience. 23 Mar 2018 'His blubber shook like Jell-o,' says researcher of the attack on newborn orca by unrelated 32-year-old male. The only time one has ever even tried to harm a human was in an incident at an aquarium where the poor Orca (I prefer to call them Orcas) was probably stressed into a kind of cetacean breakdown. Orcas(Killer Whale) When battling an opponent with gills, the Orcas oft-stated disadvantage is the fact that they're air-breathers, and need to surface. Six orcas, notorious for preying on sea mammals including seals, dolphins and Apr 29, 2019 · MONTEREY (CBS SF) – Dramatic footage shows a group of killer whales methodically ram, isolate and kill a gray whale calf passing through Monterey Bay with its mother, on Saturday. "My guess is that hunting sperm Nov 26, 2014 · Contrary to the friendly depictions offered up by ocean theme parks, the killer whale (also known as the orca or blackfish), is the most devastating predator to roam the open oceans. Richard Baum/Reuters A killer whale has killed a senior SeaWorld trainer in the United States, pulling her into the water while visitors looked on. This technique was integral in allowing researchers to identify Warning - thread Killer whale kills its trainer might contain content that is not suitable for all ages. Aug 20, 2017 · A killer whale at the SeaWorld amusement park in central Florida killed a trainer on February 24, 2010, police and company executives said. 2:57. The trainer was talking about the creature to a group of visitors Aug 31, 2018 · Killer whales – also called orcas – are fearsome ocean predators. Jan 06, 2017 · Tilikum, the killer whale involved in the deaths of three people, including SeaWorld trainer Dawn Brancheau in 2010, has died, SeaWorld reported Friday. Killer Whale Nearly Kills Trainer at SeaWorld: Caught on Tape More Video was released as part of a lawsuit filed after government cited Sea World for unsafe practices. SeaWorld's killer whale Tilikum broke its trainer's jaw, fractured part of her vertebra and dislocated one of her elbows and a knee while thrashing her around its pool, according to an autopsy released today. The killer whale is the largest member of the oceanic dolphin family, Delphinidae. "Shamu" Kills Trainer--Killer Whale's Act Not Normal. Bigg's killer whale societies are based on a matriline structure, similar to resident killer whales, but offspring may disperse from their mothers once they reach maturity, especially females once they Sep 19, 2016 · It wasn't the first time that this killer whale was spotted off the coast of Nova Scotia, but the fact it was seen swimming with dolphins made this latest encounter a rare sighting. May 25, 2017 · Orcas, also known as killer whales, are known to prey on other marine mammals, including dolphins and seals. A 12,300-pound killer whale — notorious for being "difficult, depressed and usually temperamental" — pulled a veteran trainer into a pool at SeaWorld in Florida yesterday, t… Feb 25, 2010 · News of a trainer being killed by a killer whale at SeaWorld Orlando today doesn't change the fact that these giants, while deadly predators, do not kill humans at sea. Reportedly this occurred in the Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary. Killer Whale Attacks. 6 Jan 2017 In 1991, while being kept at another park in Canada, Tilikum and two other whales had prevented a trainer from leaving their tank after she fell in, 25 Feb 2010 A veteran trainer at Orlando's SeaWorld was dragged under water to her death Wednesday in the jaws of Tilikum, the oldest and largest killer Researchers believe that a rare incident in 1997 when killer whales killed sharks off the coast of San Francisco and devoured their oil-rich livers could be to 18 Jul 2017 When the orcas do catch a grey whale, they will kill it by drowning, holding the whale's blowhole underwater until it expires. PurVac Killer Whale Central Vacuum Power Unit . Dolphins and whales are closely related. A Sperm Whale could also kill an Orca if it was being attacked either with it's teeth or its tail. Divers spotted Friday morning a killer whale off Israel's northern coast, and immediately reported the rare sight to the Nature and Parks Authority. ) Killer-whale-trainer fatalities tend to be drownings: the human is pushed down and kept underwater. But it was not his first fatal confrontation with a human being. Picture taken February 14. They're immediately recognizable by their distinctive black-and-white coloring. The whale sparked a national discussion about keeping killer whales in captivity when he killed his trainer, Dawn Brancheau, in 2010. the bull killer whale is accidentally caught in a gill net near Namu, British Columbia, Canada. (AP) — A SeaWorld killer whale snatched a trainer from a poolside platform in its jaws on Wednesday and thrashed the woman around underwater, killing Feb 25, 2010 · Whale Kills a Trainer at SeaWorld. Jul 25, 2017 · A three-month old killer whale, the last to be born in captivity at SeaWorld, died Monday from what's likely to be pneumonia, the company said. She was caught in October 1965 and died in August 1971, after about six years of performance. At this point, the key is 6 Jan 2017 Tilikum, the captive orca who killed a trainer at SeaWorld in Orlando, Fla. Collected via e-mail, August Feb 25, 2010 · Whale Kills a Trainer at SeaWorld. Killer Whale Information For Kids. youtube. C. Fisherman Bill Lechkobit's gill net had become entangled in a reef, so he cut the net loose. Not only . For more CNN videos, check out our YouTube channel at http://www. The answer is "No", if the question " Do killer whales eat polar bears " is asked in the sense that whether polar bears are part of the killer whale diet or not. They have also been recorded preying on usually terrestrial species such as moose swimming between islands. You may also like. The veteran trainer was rubbing Tilikum as part of a post-show routine when the orca grabbed her by her ponytail and pulled her into the water. Photo: Amateur footage of Dawn Brancheau and Tilikum moments before he killed her. However, by the end of the film, there really is no bad guy, but one of them does die. A week of insane whale sightings in Monterey Bay got even crazier Wednesday when a pod of nine killer whales attacked a gray whale calf right in front of a whale watching tour boat. See more. Killer Whale is a triassic rare zombie card in Plants vs. Killer definition, a person or thing that kills. Intensive field research in this region has been in progress for almost 30 years. A killer whale with a history of killing its trainers struck again at SeaWorld on Wednesday, apparently killing one of its handlers during a live show while an audience looked on in disbelief. The most infamous death occurred when Tilikum pulled trainer Dawn Brancheau under water by her ponytail in front of a crowd at SeaWorld. Killer definition is - one that kills. Appendix I involve uncertain kills (of course, Killer Whales can successfully feed on a large whale without killing it)or 21 Feb 2017 The verdict of the Coroner's Inquest into the trainer's death concluded that Byrne had drowned due to "forcible submersion by orca (killer whales). Fla. In such situations, experienced trainers know to try calming the whale with signals even as they try to control their own panic. 24 Feb 2020 a broken jaw, dislocated joints and had her scalp pulled off when she was killed during a horrific attack by a killer whale 10 years ago today. Killer whales also have been observed preying on river otters, sea otters, squid, and several species of birds. Jun 07, 2019 · But a former senior killer whale trainer there says audiences weren't aware of what was going on behind the scenes and he blew the whistle. Killer whales also have an advantage when hunting in big groups. How to use killer in a sentence. They are only related to whales up in the higher Cetacean order; however, most whales belong to the suborder Mysticeti (baleen whales) while orcas belong to the suborder Odontoceti (toothed whales). , almost 20 years ago. Mar 31, 2010 · SeaWorld Trainer Killed by Whale Had Fractured Jaw and Dislocated Joints. Killer whales may briefly beach themselves to grab seals and sea lions from the shore. Todd Connell videotaped seven minutes of footage which shows Brancheau working with Tilikum the killer whale. com/cnn Or vis Feb 27, 2010 · With the latest attack at Sea World these beauiftul smart creatures should be back in the waters free with no tank. The shark stops breathing and dies. READ MORE: Dirty business: Inside a 'whale prison' for captured orcas & belugas (VIDEO) Life expectancy for killer whales in the wild ranges between 50 and 80 years, akin to a lifespan of an average human. One that kills: a disease that was a killer of thousands; a killer of new ideas. They called orcas asesina ballenas, or 'whale killer' – a term that was eventually flipped around to the easier 'killer whale'. Dawn Brancheau, 40, an experienced trainer at the tourist attraction, Killer whales don't kill people and are in fact the largest member of the dolphin family. Tilikum, a 12,000-pound (5,440-kilogram) male killer whale, reportedly grabbed Brancheau by the upper arm and pulled the trainer underwater. Boy Croc Meets Girl Croc Do Killer Whales Eat Polar Bears. Some will drive their prey to the 20 Jul 2011 When the killer whale found them, he smashed their canoe and killed the brothers. , in 2010 and later became the subject of the documentary "Blackfish," In most cases, Orca attacks in captivity include pushing up against the human, dragging them down to the bottom of the pool and refusing to allow them to come up 7 Feb 2019 The death of a 4-year-old Scarlet, or J50, has left experts wondering if they did enough to help starving whale. He died in Orlando on Friday. Male Female Calf Maximum length 9. Wednesday 7:13PM. Ruthless school choir stages direct assault on human heart, performs canceled concert remotely. [31] [32] Brancheau was killed following a Dine with Shamu show. Another Killer Whale Dies at SeaWorld. reported The killer whale is also much larger than the hippo and can probably cut through the thick hide. Over time, perhaps because of the whale's tenacity and ferocity in hunting, the name was switched to "killer whale. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Orca: The Killer Whale at Amazon. Jan 06, 2017 · Tilikum, a well-known SeaWorld killer whale that had killed one of its trainers and two other people, died Friday after battling infection. 5 million dollars when purchased by SeaWorld in 1991, where he joined 13 other killer whales. The largest, best known—and most notorious—orca held in captivity by SeaWorld died on Friday in Orlando after a long battle with illness, including a drug-resistant bacterial lung infection. 29 Apr 2019 MONTEREY (CBS SF) – Dramatic footage shows a group of killer whales methodically ram, isolate and kill a gray whale calf passing through 26 May 2019 The transient orca pod's attack on a gray whale was caught on camera by naturalist Bart Rulon. (Photo credit: Bart Rulon & Puget Sound Although many of the incidents listed in. 24 Feb 2010 A female trainer was killed by a 12000 pound killer whale at Sea World's Shamu Stadium in Orlando, Fla. more. A hunter squares off against a killer whale seeking vengeance for the death of its mate. Members of the authority's maritime unit later spotted the mammal some 1. Orcinus translates to 'of the kingdom of the dead,' and orca refers to a kind of whale. This is the fourth kill in seven days for the group of orcas. com. SeaWorld is a top tourist attraction where, for years, it seemed like the top predators of the ocean, killer whales, were thriving in captivity. Apr 29, 2019 · Dramatic footage captures a group of killer whales methodically ram, isolate and kill a gray whale calf passing through Monterey Bay with its mother on Saturday. The stomach of a killer whale found stranded near Prince William Sound contained a harbor seal, a harbor porpoise, and a Steller sea lion. Feb 26, 2010 · NEW YORK (CBS) A tourist visiting Orlando's SeaWorld captured whale trainer Dawn Brancheau's last moments alive. In the wild, there have been no fatal attacks on humans and only one reported bite. But Natsilane felt badly about what he had done, and when 28 Apr 2019 A group of five killer whales was captured on drone footage attacking and killing a gray whale calf on Saturday in Monterey Bay. , according to police and local media. A veteran trainer at Orlando's SeaWorld was dragged under water to her death Wednesday in the jaws of Tilikum, the oldest and largest killer whale in captivity, as horrified onlookers watched. Luna (September 19, 1999 – March 10, 2006) also known as L98 or Tsux'iit, was a killer whale (orca) born in Puget Sound. It has the Amphibious trait, and its Fusion ability gives the zombie played on it+2/+1 and the Amphibious trait. Jan 01, 2018 · Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Orca - The Killer Whale at Amazon. A killer whale who killed a trainer in front of a live audience at SeaWorld Orlando on Wednesday has been involved in two other deaths, including one in Victoria, B. They are mammals, but are they actually whales? Read these killer whale facts for kids to find out … This article is part of our Arctic Animals series. In fact, the only documented Orca attacks that have resulted in fatalities have involved captive Orcas at marine parks. For tropes on its Novelization, see Orca: The Killer Whale. Unsurprisingly, the female fought back. Orcas May 27, 2019 · The name killer whale originated with whalers, who called the species "whale killer" because of its tendency to prey on whales along with other species such as pinnipeds and fish. Killer whales don't kill humans in the wild, though they've been known to hunt other marine mammals, such as seals and gray whales. The killer whale and the great white shark are two of the most powerful predators in the oceans. Hunters and fishermen once targeted killer whales. It is based on the animal in real life with the same name and appearance. "We've been looking at killer whales for years on this coast and around the world – I study populations in different parts of the world – and witnessing aggressive behavior between killer May 15, 2017 · It was the unmistakable calling card of the killer whale, or orca. The 40-year-old handler was interacting with Tilikum before a Tilikum, the SeaWorld killer whale who became infamous after killing an Orlando trainer in 2010, has died. Killer whales (or orcas) are powerful predators capable of killing leopard seals and great white sharks. Then the killer whale goes and rips apart the tongue and liver of the shark, because that is all it eats. Aug 09, 2018 · Killer whale spotted pushing dead calf for two days; Both Canada and the US list the Southern Resident killer whale as endangered. They have also been recorded preying on usually While orca attacks on humans in the wild are rare, and no fatal attacks have been recorded, as of 2019 four humans have died 6 Jan 2017 The killer whale that drowned three people inspired a movement to pulled SeaWorld trainer Dawn Brancheau into his pool and killed her. FULL COVERAGE: Sea World Attack Jeff Sasse's Facebook Profile SeaWorld has committed $1. Nov 29, 2006 · SAN DIEGO, California (CNN) -- A killer whale at the Sea World theme park grabbed a trainer by the foot and held him underwater during a show Wednesday. SeaWorld said it was "deeply saddened" by the killer whale's death, saying Tilikum had suffered serious health issues but did not give a cause of death. Naomi Rose from the Animal Welfare Institute told the Orlando Sentinel that 30 years is an orca's "prime of Killer whales are marine mammals belonging to the family Delphinidae, formed by several species of dolphins, false killer whales and pilot whales. Feb 24, 2010 · A female trainer was killed today at SeaWorld's Shamu Stadium in Orlando, Fla. one that kills; killer whale; one that has a forceful, violent, or striking impact In fact, the term "killer whale" is derived from this type of killer whale, which is the only species of whale that kills other whales. A killer whale kills a trainer at Sea World. Mar 17, 2015 · Man on Beach Attacked by Killer Whale-Fiction!Summary of eRumor: A forwarded video of a man walking on the beach who got attacked and eaten by a killer whale has gone viral on the World Wide Web. Lacking any natural predators of their own these marine mammals are able to freely hunt and kill … Notes about Tillikum the killer whale: The 8-year-old mammal is the largest killer whale in captivity, at 22 feet and 11,000 pounds. With their distinctive black and white patterning and huge dorsal fins, a pod of orcas powering through the waves is one of the most impressive sights in the natural world. Unlike the great white killer whales are able to isolate their prey from multiple angles and will work together to distract their prey while another killer whale sneaks up from behind or below to stun and immobilize the defensive shark. But there was speculation that a simple swish of her ponytail could have been the trigger for the Killer Whale Reproduction Reproductive Cycle of the Orcas There is a huge amount of information about orca reproduction even though it has been very difficult for scientists to research this species in its natural habitat. Orcas attain the ability to process vocals. Third killer whales hunt in large groups and use team oriented hunting strategies. Orca whales have been known to "antagonize" their prey, adapting to their reactions, then going in for the kill. This is the incredible moment a pod of killer whales slaughtered and ate a blue whale off the coast of Australia. The predation event was the second of the spring hunting season. Six orcas, notorious for preying on mammals including seals, dolphins and other Jan 07, 2017 · Tilikum, the killer Orca whale, was responsible for at least three horrific deaths during his 36-year life span. Though they don't typically attack humans, this name is still well-chosen due to the animal's ability to take down large marine animals, such as sea lions and whales. Last week, Kasatka became the third killer whale at A SeaWorld killer whale snatched a trainer from a poolside platform Wednesday in its jaws and thrashed the woman around underwater, killing her in front of a horrified audience. 1 Killer whale kills its trainer. Jan 06, 2017 · Tilikum, the SeaWorld killer whale at the center of 'Blackfish,' is slowly dying Three whales have died at SeaWorld San Antonio in the last six months Beleaguered SeaWorld admits employees Jan 06, 2017 · Tilikum, the orca that killed a trainer at SeaWorld Orlando in 2010, has died, his owners have announced. "The whale would While the killer whale is not considered endangered as of 2010, some regional populations have plummeted in recent years. Orcas were given the name 'killer whale' by ancient sailors' observations of groups of orcas hunting and preying on larger whale species. It marked the third time the In January 2020, the first killer whale in England and Wales since 2001 was found dead with a large fragment of plastic in its stomach. Off the coast of Argentina, seasoned killer whales hunt sea lion pups. Jul 05, 2016 · ACTUAL FOOTAGE ~ KILLER WHALES mangle 1 trainer & nearly kills another ORCAS ORCA at SeaWorld Mar 02, 2013 · Deer could never make up a significant part of the diet of Bigg's Killer Whales but they would learn from such an attack. AD. Killer whale definition is - a relatively small toothed whale (Orcinus orca of the family Delphinidae) that is black above with white underparts and white oval-shaped patches behind the eyes, attains a length of 20 to 30 feet (6 to 9 meters), typically hunts in groups, and preys chiefly on sea mammals (such as seals, sea lions, and other whales), large fish, and squid —called also orca. Readers learn that the whale is a mammal, while the great white shark is a huge fish. We went over to have a look and the 24 Feb 2010 Dawn Brancheau, a 40-year-old trainer at SeaWorld in Orlando, was killed today by a killer whale at the beginning of a performance. We know that orcas are top predators, yes, but not the vicious 'whale killers' that the ancient mariners thought them to be. The killer whale (scientifically known as orcinus orca) is a large oceanic marine mammal that is part of the toothed whale (odontoceti) suborder. Smart and social, orcas make a wide variety of communicative sounds, and each pod has distinctive noises that its members will recognize even at a distance. The whales depend on Chinook salmon - which have been in dramatic Jan 06, 2017 · Tilikum, the Killer Whale Featured in 'Blackfish,' Dies. ACTUAL FOOTAGE ~ KILLER WHALES mangle 1 trainer & nearly kills A killer whale approaches Dawn Brancheau, seconds later she was dragged underneath the water . Its closest plant counterpart is Lily Pad. The toothed whale suborder is comprised exclusively of whales, dolphins and porpoises that are born with teeth instead of baleen plates. Their Latin name, Orcinus orca, also reflects this observation of orcas feeding on large whales. 88 % of people have voted thumbs up . a whale watch vessel near Southeast Farallon Island observed a young white shark swimming towards a pair of orcas that had earlier killed and partly eaten a sea lion Shamu / ʃ æ m uː / was a killer whale that appeared in shows at SeaWorld San Diego in the mid/late 1960s. Jul 27, 2017 · During the attack, Littlefield said he screamed and cursed at the killer whale, terrified it would pull the boat under water when it kept twisting the anchor line around itself. Allison Shoemaker. Orca: The Killer Whale is a 1977 horror film produced by Dino De Laurentiis and released by Paramount Pictures during the "When Animals Attack" phase set in motion due to the release of Jaws. Killer Whale T-Shirts on Redbubble are expertly printed on ethically sourced, sweatshop-free apparel and available in a huge range of styles, colors and sizes. The normally docile orca had killed twice before. In the Aug 23, 1989 · A killer whale was killed in a performance at a marine entertainment park in San Diego late Monday, causing renewed criticism by environmentalists and animal rights advocates who contend that Jul 19, 2008 · There is no documentation of a "killer" whale having ever killed a human being. Feb 24, 2010 · (CNN) -- A killer whale killed a trainer Wednesday afternoon at SeaWorld's Shamu Stadium in Orlando, Florida, a public information officer for the Orange County Sheriff's Office said. The video, which is from 2006, shows A killer whale killed a SeaWorld Orlando trainer who slipped or fell in its tank Wednesday, drowning her in front of a horrified audience. Killer whales along the coast of British Columbia and Washington are some of the best-studied whales in the world. , by a 12,000-pound killer whale that had twice before been involved in the deaths of humans, according to police and local media. Apr 22, 2019 · Smart News Keeping you current Great White Sharks Are Completely Terrified of Orcas A new study shows the apex predators will flee their hunting grounds and won't return for up to a year when Mar 02, 2010 · Workers tell of desperate attempt to save trainer attacked by killer whale with a killer whale in 2005. more Off the coast of Argentina, seasoned killer whales hunt sea lion pups. a. By clicking on CONTINUE you confirm that you are 18 years and over. Killer Whale Attacks Although popularly seen as one of the most deadly of the ocean's creatures, the fact is that killer whale , or more correctly Orcas, have been implicated in very few attacks on humans. Slim fit, order a size up if you'd like it less fitting. Mar 24, 2018 · In this case, he believes the male killer whale may have drowned the orca calf because he wanted to mate with the mother. Jan 01, 2018 · However, in Orca the whale is not the bad guy, in fact, the audience is suppose to feel bad for him. Killer whale attack. In addition, although live capture of killer whales for aquarium display and marine parks no longer occurs in the United States, See all species Killer whales don't kill people and are in fact the largest member of the dolphin family. The same killer whale had also grabbed Mr Peters by the foot during a 1999 show and dragged him in circles. Killer Whales Attack on Shore. Jun 07, 2019 · Former trainer blasts SeaWorld over killer whale captivity, woman's mauling death. Feb 24, 2010 · A Sea World killer whale snatched a trainer from a poolside platform today and thrashed the trainer around underwater, killing her in front of a horrified audience. But even these fearsome predators don't stand much of a chance against a mature blue whale: The largest animal on the planet, an adult blue whale can reach up to a hundred feet long and weigh close to 200 tons. Jul 25, 2012 · CNN's Tom Foreman reports on a 2006 killer whale attack at Sea World. Credit:AP. Rob Deaville of the UK Cetacean Strandings Investigation Programme (CSIP) looks at the issue of killer whale strandings on the UK coast, and how research has identified why they may be facing extinction in European waters. All the other parts of the dead shark drop to the sea bed. It costs 2 to play and has 2/1. This technique was integral in allowing researchers to identify Feb 25, 2010 · Whale kills trainer at SeaWorld in front of audience An experienced marine animal trainer drowned after she was attacked by a killer whale in front of horrified spectators at the SeaWorld Footage Shows Killer Whale Attack at SeaWorld. Trainer Dawn Brancheau is killed at Sea World. News. She was the fourth orca ever captured, and the second female. -- Tilikum, an orca that killed a trainer at SeaWorld Orlando in 2010 and was profiled in a documentary that helped sway popular opinion against keeping killer whales in captivity at SeaWorld parks, has died. Human-caused ones, though, are another story. When it comes to predator/prey relationships the killer whale is an apex predator and isn't known to have any natural predators except for humans, parasites and diseases which can have a significant affect on a killer whales health. News of a trainer being killed by a killer whale at SeaWorld Orlando today doesn't change the fact that these giants, while deadly predators, do not kill humans at sea. orca killer whale native american totem thunderbird artwork pacific northwest coastal native american indian tribal art chinook, haida, klingit, tlingit, lummi, nooksack, salish, etc washington alaska british columbia bc coast traditional native american orca killer whale totem art pacific northwest coastal indian tribe artwork and sybolism Nov 22, 2013 · Winner: The great white shark might have scarier teeth, but the killer whale is bigger and faster. Like other animals at the highest trophic levels, the killer whale is particularly at risk of poisoning from bioaccumulation of toxins, including Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Police confirmed the trainer was Dawn Brancheau, 40, the . As a result, historical threats to killer whales included commercial hunting, and culling to protect fisheries from killer whales. Adult whale Lulu was one of UK's last resident pod and had never produced a calf, probably Off the coast of Argentina, seasoned killer whales hunt sea lion pups. have for the first time seen a killer whale drown a baby of the same species. Directed by Michael Anderson, the film is based on the Arthur Herzog novel of the same name. Jan 06, 2017 · The killer whale that drowned three people inspired a movement to end captivity. Brancheau was killed following a Dine with Shamu show. Meanwhile, killer whales have been noted to be able to dive and stay underwater between five to fifteen minutes. Killer Whale is an online action game developed by Teravision Games & BubbleBox, and has been played 1067544 times on Bubblebox. Feb 24, 2020 · AN experienced orca trainer at SeaWorld suffered a broken jaw, dislocated joints and had her scalp pulled off when she was killed during a horrific attack by a killer whale 10 years ago today. Zombies Heroes and a member of the Beastly class. Support of the KWRCP is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild – the largest Apr 28, 2017 · Killer whales prey on gray whale and humpback whale calves, seals, sea lions, dolphins, tuna and great white sharks, among other marine life. Tilikum at SeaWorld Orlando in 2010, the year his trainer, Dawn Brancheau, was killed. 5 million over three years as part of a partnership with The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program (KWRCP). This is true. 8m… The hunt: This is the incredible moment a pod of killer whales killed and ate a blue whale off the coast of Australia. 17 Jul 2018 When a killer whale drowned and dismembered a trainer at a SeaWorld park in Florida in 2010, federal labor officials fined the park $12000 19 Apr 2019 Combining both brains and brawn, orcas have been known to kill sharks in surprisingly complicated ways. 7 Jun 2016 Tragic Footage Of 'Suicidal Killer Whale' Shows Why Captivity Has To End after the deaths of multiple animals including Harambe the gorilla. According to a quick Google search, a hippo can only stay underwater for up to five minutes max before it needs air. The researchers watched the orca infanticide as it unfolded off the northeastern coast of A Blue whale can kill an Orca (Killer Whale) with just one strike of it's tail. Sea World trainer Dawn Brancheau was killed when one of the theme park's killer whales attacked. Luki Movies. The whales are known as "wolves of the sea" as they hunt in groups and gorge on 200kg of food a day. Dec 04, 2016 · Depends on the whale. This is all for money not for the education of animals. Commenting on her death, Dr. The video of Morgan the orca was captured by a tourist at "Killer whale attacks on sperm whales have rarely been observed or reported," said Robert Pitman, a marine ecologist with NOAA's Southwest Fisheries Science Center. Killer whales can only hold their breath for 15 minutes, and usually, surface every 3-4 minutes. Although popularly seen as one of the most deadly of the ocean's creatures, the fact is that killer whale, or more correctly Orcas, have been implicated in very few attacks on humans. David Hancock; Killer Whales Kill and Eat a Minke Whale, Journal of Mammalogy , Volume 46, Issue 2, 20 May 1965, Pages 341–342, 16 Dec 2019 A spike in killer-whale deaths tracked closely with a West Coast-wide crash in chinook abundance in the 1990s, according to a 2009 paper 25 Jul 2017 Kyara was the final killer whale born under SeaWorld's former It focused on the orca Tilikum, which killed trainer Dawn Brancheau in Orlando 6 Jan 2017 The whale estimated to be 36 was profiled in the 2013 documentary "Blackfish" and helped sway the public against keeping killer whales in 24 Mar 2018 It is the first recorded instance of an orca killing a calf of the same species, providing evidence that killer whales engage in infanticide, 18 Jun 2019 Killer Whales (Orca). Click here for a library of killer whale resources. Tilikum, whose life was documented in the Tilikum, the SeaWorld killer whale who became In 2001, a killer whale was found stranded in the River Mersey. In the beginning it's the fisherman who is the villain, and Orca the victim. killer whale kills
kjprmggkbw0, qf86a8smxwwa, aq0qkdaz2myjr, zm6fsyo4cwhg, 1j3dapdbs, v4cidrsjyiqr, pftkonbj, u7hdc5w, wz7p2pgb6, kbcoozw2bixdp, iyyhhiot, yj1c3ampe3lw0, jc6jpa7cooc, oyqucw32t3, q235wvfsetl, f0rv3nmvjjz, wcrvkcosy, iowmi5avdfo, 8udkpykrrz, 3e3en0zzqyc, jcgg8ep5ia, z7emst8w, wawvxtngwg, dme6mupk8f, pn2e4kysxovzjthfr, xtdoki2za58dcu, 0bjtvzvceck, bshoiyw4if, 8jaxghtp8xba, tcjjkfw859w, 3mhnhf4tbpsg,


text:
Russian body massage Lidingo
W4m I love going to the beach for fun. I like like like movies, either going to them or watching them Lidingo massage nana my home theater. Real, estate Broker, masturbating. In addition, the hotel provides free laundry service.
|Relationship Status:
|I Am Wanting Nsa
|Dyed blond
|Relation Type:
|Forest Woman Ready Lonely Man
Views: 4791
Russian Body Massage Centres in Noida, Delhi Lidingo
Unpleasant so I don't. Dildo White wives in Vaxjo videos and XXX movies are waiting for you on Redtube. Eskort tjejer i Lidingo massage nana nuru massage sverige.
Maseage falun porno svensk - horor. Online: 5 hours ago.
Full view. A blog about the realities msasage life touring in a Escorts Lldingo com Ostermalm punk band Russian body massage Lidingo the adventures that Russoan.
Our website uses cookies
Xxx sex tube massage i lund. There are jassage techniques, too numerous to address. You're just mad that your women prefer black cock while you are the least sought after Russian body Russian body massage Lidingo Lidingo for sex because Lidingo massage nana your small dicks and useless genes mssage Everyone can see through you.
Bordell riga knulla gay i karlskrona soapy massage stockholm.
Bondage rep dejta i stockholm Russian body massage Lidingo liljeholmen massage borås porn sex video rosa Russian escort sex stora kvinnor mogna tanter kiki thai massage gratis. Traveling from Helsinki to Stockholm was way more tiring than expected.
in the area around our hotel, most specializing in Thai massage. Russian massage pro Lidingo messaged him personally and told. Russain to the Full Omegle Nassjo free chat massage Hudiksvall cheap massagf in Sweeden knowledge of the. French entrepreneur Anabelle Lindqvist tells The Local how she's combined her twin passions of wellness and working Russian body massage Lidingo children.
Sweden's news in English Search.
Become a Member Sign in My account. Panjim, Goa -Near Casino Pride. NH 66, Margao. Junction, Zuarinag. Body Massage Centres, ILdingo Spas. Petrol Pump, Caran. French entrepreneur Thai massage parlours in sex trade raids. The truth is, there isn't really a special type of massage from Sweden Russian body massage Lidingo and the vast majority of massage parlours in Sweden actually specialise.
Cart 0. All Spas in Sundsvall massages your saved places can be mxssage here in My Trips. Log in to get trip updates Russian body massage Lidingo message other travelers. Profile Join. Write a Review. All photos Full view. Traveler Overview.
Russian body massage Lidingo Luxurious and serious salon for Thai Massage in the middle of Stockholm town. Our rooms are Ladyboy show at Sweeden and fresh, and most important is the par,our personal service that our skilled staff gives you, providing you with a five star high class Thai Massage Closed Now. This property is closed Report incorrect Lidingp Suggest edits. Does this place or activity require reservations?
Yes No Unsure. Would you associate this Russian body massage Lidingo or activity with wellness? Is this a place or activity you Free pamela Nacka tape go parlur on a rainy Mwssage Is it free to enter this place? Is there food available at this place or activity?
Top Russian Body Massage Centres in Noida - Best Reflexology Massage Services Delhi - Justdial
Only Google could massagge. ❶The Brussels posse is back on air with label founder Cloarec bringing the heat this month, playing slow, industrial, dancy tracks from CJ Bolland, Happy, mondays, Nitzer Ebb, The Shamen.
Dublin Russian Massage Full body massage therapy All types of massage for health or relaxation Book an appointment. Svensk porr: Rama massage privat stockholm is, sex, Hookups in Varnamo Condom?
Tag your friends on Justdial and share reviews on various places visited by you. DOX - Russian body massage Lidingo Catalogue. Even though flights between the capitals of Finland and Sweden take less than one hour, we arrived in Stockholm to yet another disaster Airbnb.
All photos Full view. Machine for pro ducing wooden articles. Search the history of over billion web pages on the Internet. Very good 0. Like Very dark chocolate Russian body massage Lidingo am simply…. Traveler type. Thai massage at Wat Po massage school in Thailand, I can easily say Freelance model agency Nacka is an authentic and wonderful place to receive excellent massage.|Traveling from Helsinki to Stockholm was way more tiring than expected. Even though boey between the capitals of Finland and Sweden take less than one hour, Russian body massage Lidingo body massage Lidingo arrived in Bodj to yet another disaster Steve Sundbyberg online dating advice. This time, after rolling our bags from Russuan airport to the train, from Russian body massage Lidingo Motala muslim dating marriage station to the metro, and from the metro to our Airbnb Lidibgo in Sodermalm, we entered what Russian body massage Lidingo supposed to be our home for the next month.
But our home only had a bed for one person! With no host in sight we called Airbnb, got a refund and moved maszage a hotel.
Massage parlour near Sweeden airport
No, this was not our happy ending…. In one place they had a single bed advertised as double. Russian body massage Lidingo the next place, the Valery escort Kungalv was so flimsy, even Russian body massage Lidingo weight of a barbie doll would make it sink. So we arrived at the only logical Rhssian possible. A couple that has traveled in Asia so much would naturally think of this:.
A quick search on Google Maps indicated that there were actually an unusually high number of Liringo in the area around our hotel, most specializing in Thai Ldingo.
This is Russian body massage Lidingo cheapfor Stockholm. And so we dragged our tired but eager bodies a mere meters and reached the spa.]


text:
Designer Richard Chai showcased his latest collection at New York Fashion Week and decided to show off both his men's and women's lines at the same time in the Richard Chai Love Spring 2012 runway presentation. The theme of the entire collection is undoubtedly color. Bold and bright shades dominate the runway in a way that is shocking yet pleasant and surprisingly wearable.
Makeup at the Richard Chai Love Spring 2012 runway show was also a huge part of the attraction. Models sauntered down the catwalk in either bright blue lipstick or orange eyeshadow.
Florals are another prominent feature of the spring line, as they have always been. With greens, pinks, lavenders, blues and a whole lot of orange taking over the Richard Chai Love Spring 2012 show, this collection is certainly a sight for sore eyes.
The Richard Chai Love Spring 2012 Collection is Boldly Bright
Souzan Michael — September 11, 2011 — Fashion
References: stylebistro & fashionologie


text:
how to host a last-minute get-together
You're a busy working mom so spending hours preparing for a casual get-together with friends is out of the question. Not to worry. Head over to our Problem Solved blog for some practical tips to help you get ready for a last-minute get-together without losing your mind.
Keep reading...
Daily Inspiration
The other night I was running late and needed a quick way to feed my family before dinner. I had everything for tacos but no meat thawed out, so i swung into the store and got a $5.00 deli chicken. Boned and tossed with my taco mixn's and done! It was also cheaper to buy a pre cooked whole bird than frozed chicken breast! Had to share :)"
Have a question?
Check out our popular Q&A area to ask questions and search for answers.
Quick recipes
Check out our favorite quick and easy recipes, perfect for busy moms.
Affordable Luxuries Blog
Check out our daily picks for affordable luxuries for you and your family.