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Kayak World Map - Login first to add your own map items.
Nearest weather station (°C):
About the Kayak World Map
The Kayak World Map was created in January 2007 with the goal to offer a mapped view of everything on the Internet that has to do with kayaking (that is: as far as such things belong on a map. For instance, it does not make sense to put a general discussion on how to do an eskimo roll on a map).
And when I say 'everything', I mean more than just Playak things. Clearly, we have gathered a lot of mapping information about Playak objects during the past 2 years (e.g. registered users, playspots), so you'll see a lot of those on the map in the beginning. But it is definitely the idea that we can add information from other web sites to the map as well. There are too many good descriptions of kayak spots available on other sites to just ignore them. Of course it would even be better if we had descriptions on Playak for all spots, but since this would just be impossible, it's better to link to other sites from our map.
As a note to webmasters of other sites: if you have already gathered geo-info for your own content, feel free to contact me if you want to add that info to the Kayak World Map. After all, each marker will link back to your site, so we should all benefit from this. I also have possibilities to bulk upload such information, which will save you a lot of work.
Marker types
All markers on the Kayak world map have a few things in common. If you click on a marker, an info window will pop up that contains a link to a Google Earth placemark. For those of you that have installed Google Earth, this is a great way to fly around the place in question. Also, you'll see a link called 'Get map link'. If you click on this link, you'll be taken to the same map again, but with the info window for that marker opened. If you copy-paste the url from your browser's address field, you can actually link to that address, or e-mail it to a friend, and when they click the link, they will also get an open infow window for a marker, so they will see exactly what you wanted to show them on the map.
Most of the markers will also show an image and a link that you can click for more information.
The Kayak World Map contains different types of markers (refer to the legend above for marker type colors). Here is a short explanation of the different marker types.
- Playak Users: As a registered Playak user you'll get their own marker on the map, which will show your avatar picture and link back to your profile page. In the beginning, the Playak server will make a guess of where you are. It can also happen that it just has no clue where you are, and in that case, it will put your marker somewhere in the Sahara Desert. Why? Well I wanted to put you on land, on a place that everybody has heard of, but not on a place where other Playak users may actually live.... Anyway, if you find your own marker in the wrong place, just drag and drop it to where you actually live. And if you can't find your marker, please contact Jeroen.
- Playak Articles/Spots: Each Playak spot description or article can get its own place on the map. In fact, it can even have more than one place on the map (e.g. one for parking, one for the put-in and one for the take-out). Each marker will show a small photo of the Playak spot and link back to the spot description.
- Kayahoo Links: Kayahoo (aka Playak Links) offer the world's largest paddling link directory. Each link that's added to the map will contain a screenshot of your website, and of course a link back to you.
- Events: Each event that is listed in the Playak / Kayak Session Event Calendar can get its place on the kayak map as well. The event markers will link back to the mini event pages.
- Galleries: Since photos are always takes in certain places on earth, it makes sense to show galleries on the map as well, as long as one gallery contains photos that were all taken on the same spot of course....
- Graffiti: This is a fun feature that allows you to write something on the map, even if you don't have something to link it to. For instance: 'kilroy was here', or: 'This is where I'll go paddling this weekend. Who wants to join in?'. Graffitis are activated immediately, i.e. they don't need to be approved by an editor. As a trdae-off, each graffiti will automatically be removed after one month.
- Non-Playak pages: This is the solution to link to non-Playak things on the Internet. For instance, if you find a great spot description on another website, and you know exactly where that spot should be on the map, you can add this to the Kayak World Map as a 'Non-Playak page'.
Marker management
To add or edit anything on the map, you must be logged in as a registered Playak user.
To add a marker to the map, find the precise position on the map, and click on it. You will now see a menu from which you can choose the type of marker that you want to add at this location. Depending of the type of marker you choose, you'll see a slighty different form on the next page:
- Playak Articles/Spots: Use the form to search the titles of Playak articles, e.g. search for 'Bremgarten' or 'fort point', and then from the search result list, click on the spot/article for which you want to add a marker.
- Kayahoo Links: Use the form to search the titles of the links in Kayahoo, e.g. search for 'riot kayaks' or 'birmingham', and then from the search result list, click on the web site for which you want to add a marker.
- Events: Use the form to search upcoming events in the Playak / Kayak Session Event Calendar, and then from the search result list, click on the event for which you want to add a marker.
- Galleries: Click on your gallery for which you want to add a marker (attention: you cannot add markers for other people's galleries, so only your own galleries are listed).
- Graffiti: Just write one line of graffiti as a title and voila...
- Non-Playak pages: Fill in the title of the marker, the URL of the article and the name of the website (you can also choose a well known site name from the dropdown list).
You can recognize markers that 'belong' to you by their size. Big markers are ownde by you, which means that you can drag and drop them if the location needs fine tuning. Also, if you click on such a marker, you'll see an extra link on the top right of the info window, called 'edit'. Click this link if you need to change the title or link of the marker.
As always, I'd be happy to hear your feedback. You can of course contact me, but it may also be a good idea to start discussions about the maps in the Playak forum.


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Nationwide is the latest company to join the ranks of an ongoing industry push to convince "reluctant" advisors that their concerns with variable annuities have been addressed.
The Columbus, Ohio-based financial giant introduced Nationwide Destination Architect 2.0, a low-cost, advisory-based variable annuity, on Tuesday.
The company also introduced Nationwide Lifetime Income Track, an optional guaranteed lifetime withdrawal benefit rider available for an additional cost with Nationwide Destination Architect for clients who want guaranteed lifetime withdrawals in retirement.
"This product will appeal primarily to fee-based advisors who may have been reluctant to sell VAs in the past based on cost," Eric Henderson, senior vice president of life insurance and annuities for Nationwide, said in a statement.
Features of Nationwide Destination Architect include:
- No surrender charges
- A One-Year Enhanced Death Benefit rider (available for an additional cost)
- Spousal Protection Feature (SPF), available at no additional cost on all death benefit options
- More than 100 investment options when Lifetime Income Track is not elected
The Lifetime Income Track optional GLWB rider includes features, such as:
- Guaranteed lifetime income without annuitization
- An annual step-up feature on the income benefit base
- A Joint Option, available for an additional cost, that allows income payments to continue for the contract owner's spouse
- Lifetime withdrawal percentages based on the owner's age and rider duration
- Underlying Investment options with a maximum equity exposure of 70 percent (80 percent via managed volatility investment options) and a minimum equity exposure of 40 percent
- A Non-Lifetime Withdrawal feature, which does not lock in the lifetime withdrawal percentage or impact the ability to qualify for higher lifetime withdrawal percentages.
Nationwide Destination Architect will replace Nationwide Income Architect, which will no longer be available as of May 1, 2013 or upon state approval.
More on VAs on AdvisorOne:

subset: commoncrawl


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The purpose of screening is early diagnosis and treatment. Screening tests are given to people without current symptoms but who may be at high risk for certain diseases or conditions.
There are no screening guidelines for cirrhosis. However, there are promising non-invasive methods which can look at the severity of the fibrosis in individuals at high risk of developing liver cirrhosis. The tests include breath testing, blood tests, and imaging techniques.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: Daus Mahnke, MD
- Review Date: 03/2017 -
- Update Date: 03/15/2015 -


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Choosing the Correct Type and Size of Shot
You also must choose the correct type and size of shot for the shotshell. In general, as the size of your target decreases, you should decrease the diameter of the shot you use.
- As pellet diameter decreases, more shot can be placed in a standard shotshell.
- The smaller the shot "number," the larger the pellet diameter.
- Shotshell marked as "magnum" means the shell has more shot or more gunpowder than a regular shell. Magnum and regular shotshells are interchangeable if the correct gauge and shell length are used.
Steel shot pellets react differently than lead when shot. Steel weighs one-third less than lead but is much harder. Steel does not deform and is not as unstable in flight. It will produce a tighter pattern than lead shot. If using steel shot for hunting, choose a steel shot size one to two sizes larger than the lead shot you would select and choose a less constrictive choke.


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Graduating honors students exhibit their artwork
POSTPONED – Students in graduate programs present their work from the past academic year.
Dancing at Lughnasa is a melancholy memory play that intertwines the past with the present and the living with the dead.
Graduating art majors and minors exhibit their work.
CANCELED - High school students and college transfers are invited to learn more about a career in physical therapy.
POSTPONED - The first-ever SAU film festival is this spring! Make plans to attend this two-day festival that features film screenings and workshops!
CANCELED – It's On Us is partnering with St. Ambrose University to host one of five tour stops as part of the Spring 2020 National Training Tour.
POSTPONED – Join the St. Ambrose University School of Social Work for the 22nd Annual Social Justice Conference "Race, Policy, and Voting Rights: A Call to Action."
POSTPONED - Join your colleagues and others working tirelessly to advance person-centered care by attending the 2020 IPCC Conference on May 29!


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Dundee British Heart Foundation Fundraising Group
Our Fundraising Groups and Branches are the face of the British Heart Foundation in their local communities. We have over 200 Groups and Branches across the UK made up of volunteers with more opening every month.
Our Local Fundraising Groups are all different each running their own fundraising events, supporting schools and local businesses, organising collections and so much more.
If you would like to join or support your local fundraising group contact them on the phone number or email above.
Your local group supports the BHF through:
We organise fundraising events in our community
We engage with our local schools who fundraise for us
We hold collections in our local area
We collect In Memoriam donations from Funeral Directors
We provide BHF representation in the community such as for cheque presentations and talk
If you would like to find out more about fundraising or volunteering, you can contact your local fundraising manager.
If you would like to donate goods to our shops, please see the Donating Goods section of our site.
Send Message to listing owner
Listing Title: Dundee British Heart Foundation Fundraising Group


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Anal sphincterotomy is a procedure to treat chronic anal fissures. An anal fissure is a painful tear in the lining of the anus. The anus is the opening through which stool passes from the body. Tears generally occur just inside the opening.
Reasons for Procedure
Muscle spasms in the rectum can prevent fissures from healing. A sphincterotomy relieves these muscle spasms. Anal fissures often heal by taking certain steps such as:
- Eating a high-fiber diet
- Drinking plenty of fluids
- Using stool softeners
- Taking warm baths
- Using medications applied to the skin
When these do not work, a sphincterotomy may be done. This procedure allows the fissure to heal and decreases pain and spasms. Pain will begin to go away within a few days.
Possible Complications
Problems from the procedure are rare, but all procedures have some risk. Your doctor will review potential problems, like:
- Inability to control the leakage of gas or stool from the rectum
- Adverse reaction to anesthesia
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Anal abscess or fistula formation
Before your procedure, talk to your doctor about ways to manage factors that may increase your risk of complications such as:
What to Expect
Prior to Procedure
Before surgery, your doctor may do the following determine the extent of your fissure:
- Physical exam and health history
- Digital rectal exam—The doctor inserts a lubricated finger into the anus and feels for lumps or abnormalities.
- Anoscopy—A scope is inserted in the anus to allow the doctor to examine the anal canal.
In the days leading up to the surgery, your doctor may:
Ask you to take steps to clean out your bowels.
The day before the surgery:
- Eat a light breakfast and lunch.
- Drink clear liquids only after lunch. Clear liquids include items such as water, broth, juices without pulp, popsicles, and clear gelatin. Talk to your doctor about which liquids are allowed.
- Do not eat or drink after midnight the night before surgery:
- Use an enema if advised to do so by your doctor.
- The day before the surgery:
You should also talk to your doctor about your medications, herbs, and dietary supplements. You may be asked to stop taking some medications up to one week before the procedure.
Depending on which option is best for you, your doctor may give you:
- Local anesthesia that will only numb the rectal area
- General anesthesia —You will be asleep during the surgery.
Description of Procedure
If there are any skin tags near the fissure, they will be removed. Next, the doctor will carefully make a cut on the anal sphincter muscle. This will relax the sphincter and allow it to stretch, taking pressure off the fissure. The doctor will put on a dressing to stop the bleeding.
How Long Will It Take?
Less than one hour
How Much Will It Hurt?
Anesthesetics will prevent pain during the procedure. Pain and discomfort after the procedure can be managed with medications.
Post-procedure Care
You may be given pain medications and instructions for how to care for your rectal area. A nurse may change your dressing or instruct you on how to change it.
During your stay, the care center staff will take steps to reduce your chance of infection such as:
- Washing their hands
- Wearing gloves or masks
- Keeping your incisions covered
There are also steps you can take to reduce your chance of infection such as:
- Washing your hands often and reminding your healthcare providers to do the same
- Reminding your healthcare providers to wear gloves or masks
- Not allowing others to touch your incision
When you return home, you will need to take steps to promote healing and prevent infection. These will include:
- Keeping the rectal area clean
- Using a sitz bath to ease discomfort and cleaning
- Avoiding sexual activity and heavy lifting until your doctor says it is okay
Your doctor may advise:
- Over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers
- Stool softeners and dietary changes (including drinking more water) to prevent constipation
Call Your Doctor
Call your doctor if any of these occur:
- Large amounts of bleeding from the rectum
- Fever
- Foul-smelling drainage from the rectum
- Excessive swelling in the rectal area
- Inability to control bowel movements
- Difficulty urinating
If you think you have an emergency, call for emergency medical services right away.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Daus Mahnke, MD
- Review Date: 03/2018 -
- Update Date: 05/08/2014 -


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Cadets For Kids
Is your kid a budding leader? Then he might be interested in becoming a youth cadet!

A cadet is a trainee to become a volunteer military officer. Cadet trainees learn about military life, physical and mental skills, drills and ceremonies, and proper military etiquette. Cadet training does not require trainees to pursue a military career; but it provides them with skills to become efficient leaders and better citizens.Read more
Joeys For Kids
A great way for adventurous kids to make new friends while learning useful life skills!

Scouts are an institution in Australia and around the world and provide a great opportunity for kids to learn a broad range of skills and have fun in a safe environment!Read more
Wildlife Park for Kids
Your kids can get up close and personal with their favourite animals at a wildlife park!

There are numerous wildlife parks all around Australia and visiting a wildlife park can be a great outdoor adventure for the whole family!Read more
Camps for Kids
Are you wondering what to do with your kids in the school holidays? Kids' camps are a popular solution to the dilemma of how to entertain your children over the summer period. Camps are a place where children can go either for the day or overnight and enjoy a number of organised kids activities usually based around a particular theme or sport. There are an almost infinite number of different types of camps available throughout Australia that cater to kids of almost all ages and interests.Read more
Scouts for Kids
Are you in search of kids' activities that may promote your child's mental, social and physical development? How on the Scouts? The Boy Scouts is an organization founded in England in 1907 to teach boys survival skills and values including service to others, teamwork and comradeship. The first Australian Boy Scout camp was started in 1908 and now Scouts Australia is a national movement and community institution, which provides a wide range of camps and activities for children of all ages. National 'jamborees' are help periodically and scouts from all over Australia attend.Read more
Youth Centres for Kids
Looking for somewhere your kids can spend time and learn new skills?Read more


text: Thursday, June 14, 2012 APTA Participates in Capitol Hill Briefing on Medicare Extenders APTA joined representatives from several major health care organizations Tuesday on Capitol Hill to participate in a panel briefing on what the expiration of Medicare extenders will mean to health care for patients and providers in rural areas. The briefing was sponsored by the American Hospital Association and hosted by Reps Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R-WA) and Mike Thompson (D-CA). "The therapy cap has a disproportionate impact on older, more chronically ill beneficiaries and those from underserved areas, including rural areas," said APTA Senior Government Affairs Director Mandy Frohlich in remarks delivered Tuesday on behalf of the association. She went on to say "data indicates that there is a higher prevalence of chronic disease in rural areas, and beneficiaries with chronic conditions are most likely to hit the therapy cap." APTA believes that extension of the therapy cap exceptions process into 2013 is imperative if patients are to continue to have access to the vital care they need. However, the real fix is in reform of the payment system. APTA has begun crafting a reformed payment system for outpatient physical therapy services that it believes will strike a balance between ensuring access to services while improving accuracy of payment. "The impact of this briefing was significant as more than 100 Hill staff were in attendance," said APTA Vice President of Public Policy, Practice, and Professional Affairs Justin Moore. "APTA represented the more than 40 organizations involved in the therapy cap coalition and continues to serve as the leader on this issue and in the rehabilitation community."


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| 8°C Belfast
One of Britain's wealthiest men has reacted angrily to a High Court award made to his son-in-law - despite prenuptial agreements.
In a bitter divorce battle, a judge ordered that estranged husband Frankie Limata was entitled to about £1.2 million funds from his wife Victoria Luckwell to give him a home and pay off his debts following their split.
The judge warned his decision could mean Miss Luckwell having to sell her home in London's exclusive Connaught Square where neighbours include Tony and Cherie Blair.
Victoria's father is Mike Luckwell, 71, who was the director of the media company which created children's programme Bob The Builder and is estimated to have a £135m fortune.
He made a gift of the Connaught Square property to his daughter and said he was "disgusted" that Mr Limata, 45, had gone back on three pre-marital agreements that he would not make claims against family assets.
But High Court Family Division judge Mr Justice Holman ruled proper provision must be made for Mr Limata - despite the agreements - particularly to avoid the divorce having a damaging impact on the couple's three children.
He said the children could find themselves living with their 37-year-old mother "in relative luxury" and then staying with their father, who was in debt and lacked assets, "in relative penury".
The judge said: "If all the facts were the same but the genders reversed, it is inconceivable that the agreements would outweigh making a substantial award to the wife, even if the children were primarily living with the husband and only intermittently staying with her."
Today's ruling followed six-and-a-half days during which the judge was told that self-made millionaire Mr Luckwell had threatened to disinherit his daughter if she broke a promise not to sell her home to benefit Mr Limata.
The judge said the father had also said "with absolute clarity and firmness" on oath that if his daughter were forced to break her promise he would not continue to pay either her allowance or the school fees for his grandchildren.
Mr Justice Holman said he believed the father was "not bluffing". He did not trust his son-in-law "an inch" and clearly regarded him as lazy and workshy. He had been told that Frankie had had a number of girlfriends "who were rich or the daughters of very rich parents".
The judge said: "He had always regarded Frankie as a gold-digger who had married for money and from whom Victoria's money and the assets he proposed to give Victoria had to be utterly protected."
The judge described the court hearing at which both sides gave evidence a s "an exceptionally bitter hearing which was very painful to behold".
The judge predicted that the outcome of the case was "likely to be controversial with some polarised public reactions to it".
Miss Luckwell, who now uses her maiden name, married Mr Limata in Mayfair in July 2005 and they have three children. They split up in 2012 following rows over money.
The judge said: "The two sides are now very entrenched indeed. Many hurtful things have been said.
"Caught in the cross fire are three adored, innocent but vulnerable children."
The row over money had already cost some £550,000 - "and rising". Other aspects of the divorce litigation had cost a further £107,000 "with more to come".
The judge added: "It did not have to be like this." The "tragic fact" was that there was scope for a negotiated settlement last summer, "assisted by the generosity of the father", which had now all been lost.
The judge said he had repeatedly urged the sides to settle. "But alas there has been no settlement and the wife's primary open position remains that there is not a penny on the table."
The husband had no assets at all. His net debts, including all he owed in costs, amounted to about £226,000.
Miss Luckwell was property rich and owned the £6.7m house she lived in, but she had no free assets.
In July 2005 the couple had signed a pre-marital agreement, and then two supplementary agreements. The judge said he was sure the marriage would never have taken place without the initial agreement, even though Miss Luckwell was already pregnant.
When Frankie signed it he was a mature man of normal intelligence, though with just two O-levels and knew exactly what he was signing.
"He was keen to demonstrate to Victoria and her family that he was marrying her for love and not for her money."
The judge said that Mike Luckwell had accused Frankie in court of "lying" when he signed the agreement and said he had no intention of being bound by it, or by two supplementary agreements.
But the judge ruled that Miss Luckwell must fund a house or flat for the use of Mr Limata not exceeding £900,000. When their youngest child reaches the age of 22 that property must be sold, unless the court amends the order.
The judge said 45% of the net proceeds of the sale must go to Miss Luckwell and the balance reinvested in a home for Mr Limata to use for the rest of his life.
The judge said Miss Luckwell would also have to produce in the near future funds to rent a property until Mr Limata has a new home, further funds to pay off his debts and cover other costs including him buying furniture and a second-hand car.
The judge stressed he was expressing the outcome of his judgment "only broadly", and many details remained to be worked out, but the total she would have to find would be about £1.2m leaving her about £5.5m from the sale of Connaught Square.
Later Miss Luckwell said she was "distressed" by today's ruling. She said: " Frankie contributed nothing to my marriage in terms of capital, all of which came from my family on the basis that Frankie entered into three separate agreements.
"He also made repeated oral promises, to my parents and me, on which we relied, that he would never make any claim against my family's assets, which he has broken.
"My father's stated position that it would be outrageous if the Court ordered Frankie anything is entirely understandable. We are all distressed that today Frankie was given a financial award at all, given the unforgivable breaches of his promises.
"Regrettably, the court order also means that I am solely responsible for funding the upbringing and education of our three young children, from the proceeds of the sale of our family home."
Mr Limata's solicitor, Miranda Fisher of law firm Charles Russell LLP, said: "Mr Limata has never sought a share of his wife's wealth.
"He sought and was given sufficient funds to meet his real financial needs, including a home in which to live, having made financial contributions himself during the marriage from employment and his own inheritance.
"Marriage brings with it important legal and moral obligations to care for the other spouse in a time of need, including if a marriage breaks down.
"Whilst those obligations can be properly regulated and defined by a pre-nuptial agreement, it cannot be right for it to remove entirely the obligation to provide for real need."


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A hamstring strain is an injury to the muscles in the back of the thigh. These muscles run from above the hip to the knee joint. A strain is a series of small tears in the muscle. The tendon attached to the muscle may also have some damage.
A hamstring strain can be caused by:
- Stretching the muscle too fast and/or too far
- Suddenly putting stress on the muscles when they are not ready for the stress
Risk Factors
Factors that may increase your chance of getting hamstring strain include:
- Participation in sports that require bursts of speed. This includes track sports like running, hurdles, or long jump. Other sports include basketball, soccer, football, or rugby.
- Previous hamstring injury
- Fatigue
- Overexertion
- Tight hamstrings
- Imbalance of hamstring and opposing quadriceps muscle strength
- A direct blow to the muscles
Symptoms may include:
- Pain and tenderness in the back of the thigh
- Stiffness in the hamstrings
- Weakness in the hamstrings
- Bruising on the back of the thigh, if blood vessels are broken
- Popping or snapping sensation as the muscle tears
You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done.
Most hamstring strains can be diagnosed with a physical exam. Images may be needed if severe damage is suspected. Images may be taken with an MRI scan .
Muscle strains are graded according to their severity:
- Grade 1—Some stretching with micro-tearing of muscle fibers
- Grade 2—Partial tearing of muscle fibers
- Grade 3—Complete tearing of muscle fibers; this may also be called a rupture or avulsion
Talk with your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. Treatment depends on the severity of the strain. Recovery time ranges depending on the grade of your injury. Treatment steps may include:
Supportive Care
Your muscles will need time to heal. RICE is often the main part of treatment:
- Rest—Activities will need to be restricted at first. Normal activities will be reintroduced gradually.
- Ice—Ice therapy may help relieve swelling. Heat or cold may be advised throughout recovery if they provide benefits.
- Compression—Used for a limited time, compression bandages can provide gentle pressure to help move fluids out of the area.
- Elevation—Keeping the area elevated can help fluids drain out or prevent fluids from building up.
Prescription or over-the-counter medications may be advised to reduce pain.
To reduce the chance that you will strain your hamstrings:
- Keep your hamstrings strong so they can absorb the energy of sudden physical stress.
- Learn the proper technique for exercise and sporting activities. This will decrease stress on all your muscles, including your hamstrings.
- Warm up and stretch before vigorous activity.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Warren A. Bodine, DO, CAQSM
- Review Date: 03/2018 -
- Update Date: 02/17/2014 -


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Other Proposed Uses
- Heart Attack Recovery
- Irregular Heartbeat
- Sports Performance Enhancement
- Tourette's Syndrome
Inosine is an important chemical found throughout the body. It plays many roles, one of which is helping to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the body's main form of usable energy. Based primarily on this fact, inosine supplements have been proposed as an energy-booster for athletes, as well as a treatment for various heart conditions.
Inosine is not an essential nutrient. However, brewer's yeast and organ meats, such as liver and kidney, contain considerable amounts. Inosine is also available in purified form.
Therapeutic Dosages
When used as a sports supplement, a typical dosage of inosine is 5 to 6 g daily (see Safety Issues).
Therapeutic Uses
Inosine has been proposed as a treatment for various forms of heart disease, from irregular heartbeat to recovery from heart attacks . 1 However, the evidence that it offers any benefit to the heart remains far too preliminary to rely upon at all.
Inosine is better known as a performance enhancer for athletes, although most of the available evidence suggests that it doesn't work for this purpose. 2–6
Inosine has also been suggested as a possible treatment for Tourette's syndrome, a neurological disorder. 7
Safety Issues
Although no side effects have been reported with the use of inosine, long-term use should be avoided. A very preliminary double-blind crossover study that enrolled 7 participants suggests that high doses of inosine (5,000 to 10,000 mg per day for 5 to 10 days) may increase the risk of uric acid–related problems, such as gout or kidney stones. 8
The safety of inosine for young children, pregnant or nursing women, or those with serious liver or kidney disease has not been established.
As with all supplements taken in multigram doses, it is important to purchase a reputable product, because a contaminant present even in small percentages could add up to a real problem.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


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WR4CV-10 operational
I'm delighted to report that the WR4CV-10 VHF gateway is reinstalled and operational.
- WR4CV's blog
- Log in to post comments
I'm delighted to report that the WR4CV-10 VHF gateway is reinstalled and operational.
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The entire Winlink system is dedicated to the volunteer Gateway Station Sysops who support and run the thousand-plus stations around the world. Without them, Winlink would not exist. Be sure to write with generous thanks to the sysops who provide your service ([email protected]).
Volunteers attend daily to the Winlink web site, e-mail groups, tutorial groups, nets, user registrations, access rights, RMS servers, catalog and bulletin updates, and much more. The Winlink Team also receives generous technical input and contributions from authors and developers. We thank the following outstanding contributors for their dependable, invaluable, prominent services and superior work products. Bravo!
Don Felgenhauer, K7BFL
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Special thanks to:
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Who expertly administer and maintain the DHS NCC SHARES Winlink Hybrid Radio Email Network.
The 2000-2019 Platinum Club
Gateway Sysops on-air in 2000, and on-air today!


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This was fantastic! One of the best ciders I have ever tried. I might be adding tea to all my ciders from here on out. It was just so good. Warmed the bones 🙂
I will admit the reason I decided to make the wassail was because it is called a wassail. I mean really? Wassail! Now I had to do a little research to see if this is a REAL wassail and what wassail even really means. Well, here is your brief history lesson-courtesy of Wikipedia– the Middle English translation of wassail literally means good health or be you healthy. The drink wassail is a hot mulled cider traditionally drunk while wassailing. Wassailing was an ancient southern English drinking ritual intended to ensure a good cider apple harvest the following year. Historically wassail was made with sugar, cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg and topped with slices of toast.
So my recipe is similar to the original wassail. Apple juice mulled with sugar and cinnamon. Next time maybe I will add ginger and nutmeg. Probably not adding the bread. But that's just me.
Tea and Cider Wassail
This recipe was adapted from Better Homes and Gardens.
- 3 cups freshly brewed hot tea
- 3 cups cranberry juice
- 3 cups apple juice
- 3/4 cup sugar
- 1/2 cup lemon juice
- 5 cinnamon sticks, broken
- 1/2 teaspoon whole cloves
1. In a big pot combine all ingredients. Bring to a boil, stirring with a wooden spoon to dissolve sugar. Next reduce heat. Cover and simmer for 30 minutes.
2. Next strain out the cinnamon and whole cloves and serve!


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Weatherize Murray City
A version of this article appears in the March/April 2013 issue of Home Energy Magazine.
February 28, 2013
A Rural Community Revitalization Approach
Weatherize Murray City! is an innovative project that embraced a holistic and collaborative approach to community development by using energy efficiency retrofits to drive economic growth in a little town in Ohio.
To read complete online articles, you need to sign up for an Online Subscription.
Once an order has been placed there is an automatic $10 processing fee that will be deducted with any cancellation.
The Home Energy Online articles are for personal use only and may not be printed for distribution. For permission to reprint, please send an e-mail to email@example.com.


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Principal Proposed Uses
Cat's claw is an herb popular among the indigenous people of Peru, where it is used to treat cancer, diabetes, ulcers, arthritis, and infections, as well as to assist in recovery from childbirth. It is also used as a contraceptive. There are two primary species of cat's claw used medicinally: Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis .
What Is Cat's Claw Used for Today?
Cat's claw is most often marketed as a treatment for viral diseases, such as herpes , shingles , AIDS , and feline leukemia virus. However, the evidence for these uses is extremely preliminary.
The most meaningful study yet performed on cat's claw suggests that the Uncaria guianensis species might be helpful for an entirely different condition: osteoarthritis . 3
In addition, one double-blind trial indicates that a certain type of Uncaria tomentosa may be modestly helpful for people with rheumatoid arthritis . 5
Cat's claw has also been proposed as a treatment for allergies and stomach ulcers , but there is no meaningful evidence as yet that it is effective for these conditions.
What Is the Scientific Evidence for Cat's Claw?
A 4-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the potential benefits of cat's claw ( Uncaria guianensis species) for the treatment of osteoarthritis . 3 A total of 45 individuals with osteoarthritis were enrolled. Of these, 30 were treated with cat's claw extract, and 15 were given placebo. Individuals in the treatment group showed reduced pain with activity as compared to those in the placebo group. However, no comparative improvements were seen in knee pain at rest or at night, nor in knee circumference.
This pilot trial suggests that the Uncaria guianensis species of cat's claw may be a useful treatment for osteoarthritis. Another study compared the effectiveness of a proprietary combination of cat's claw with glucosamine sulfate, a widely used dietary supplement for osteoarthritis. Researchers reported the results as positive, but because there was no placebo group the overall effectiveness of this cat's claw combination product cannot be determined. 6 More research will be necessary to verify this potential use of the herb.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 40 individuals undergoing conventional treatment for rheumatoid arthritis , use of an extract made from Uncaria tomentosa modestly improved symptoms in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis, as compared to placebo. 5 The researchers conducting this trial made use of recent information indicating that there are two different subtypes of Uncaria tomentosa , identifiable based on the chemicals found in them. For this trial, they used the form containing pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids, as opposed to tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids.
Numerous widely varying forms of cat's claw are available commercially. The optimum dosage of each type is not known. In addition, the precise differences in action between the two species of cat's claw, Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis , as well as the pentacyclic and tetracyclic forms of Uncaria tomentosa (see above) are not known.
Safety Issues
In general, use of cat's claw has not been associated with adverse effects more serious than occasional digestive upset or allergic reactions. However, full safety studies have not been completed, and there has been one report of kidney failure apparently triggered by cat's claw. 4
Safety in young children, pregnant or nursing women, or those with severe liver or kidney disease has not been established.
Some evidence suggests that cat's claw might interact with various medications by affecting their metabolism in the liver, but the extent of this effect has not been fully determined. 2
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


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Norway Winter & Northern Lights
About Norway
Venture to one of continental Europe's most northerly regions on this seven-day tour through Norway. Experience how these lands truly come to life in the wintertime with dogsledding, a visit to a reindeer farm to learn more about Sami culture, and an overnight stay in a coastal fishing cabin. To top it all off, there'll be plenty of opportunities to see one of the world's most awe-inspiring natural wonders — the Northern Lights — throughout your trip.
What's Included
Dog sledding. Reindeer farm and Sami culture visit. Lofoten Islands stay. Northern Lights tour. Polar Museum Visit (Tromsø).
Command your own team of huskies on a dog sled, Visit a reindeer farm run by the Sami people, Stay overnight in fishing cabins, Witness the glow of the Aurora Borealis
Itinerary Disclaimer
While it is our intention to adhere to the route described below, there is a certain amount of flexibility built into the itinerary and on occasion it may be necessary, or desirable to make alterations. The itinerary is brief, as we never know exactly where our journey will take us. Due to our style of travel and the regions we visit, travel can be unpredictable. The Trip Details document is a general guide to the tour and region and any mention of specific destinations or wildlife is by no means a guarantee that they will be visited or encountered. Aboard expedition trips visits to research stations depend on final permission.
Additionally, any travel times listed are approximations only and subject to vary due to local circumstances.
Important Notes
The Northern Lights (Aurora Borealis) is a natural phenomena and is highly weather dependent. The ability to view the Northern Lights during your trip will be dependent on the appropriate weather/atmospheric conditions.
Group Leader Description
This G Adventures group trip is accompanied by one of our group leaders. The aim of the group leader is to take the hassle out of your travels and to help you have the best trip possible. They will provide information on the places you are travelling through, offer suggestions for things to do and see, recommend great local eating venues and introduce you to our local friends. While not being guides in the traditional sense you can expect them to have a broad general knowledge of the countries visited on the trip, including historical, cultural, religious and social aspects.
Group Size Notes
Max 16, avg 12
Meals Included
6 breakfasts
Eating is a big part of traveling. Travelling with G Adventures you experience the vast array of wonderful food that is available out in the world. Generally meals are not included in the trip price when there is a choice of eating options, to give you the maximum flexibility in deciding where, what and with whom to eat. It also gives you more budgeting flexibility, though generally food is cheap. Our groups tend to eat together to enable you to taste a larger variety of dishes and enjoy each other's company. There is no obligation to do this though. Your CEO will be able to suggest favourite restaurants during your trip. The above information applies to G Adventures group trips. For Independent trips please check the itinerary for details of meals included. For all trips please refer to the meals included and budget information for included meals and meal budgets.
private van, ferry, public bus, walking.
About our Transportation
To reach more remote locations we will be using buses and ferries. You will be expected to travel by foot between stations and hotels.
Solo Travellers
We believe solo travellers should not have to pay more to travel so our group trips are designed for shared accommodation and do not involve a single supplement. Single travellers joining group trips are paired in twin or multi-share accommodation with someone of the same sex for the duration of the trip. Some of our Independent trips are designed differently and solo travellers on these itineraries must pay the single trip price.
Standard hotel (4 nts), fishing cabins (2 nts)
About Accommodation
This itinerary mostly stays at 2-3 star hotels up to Scandinavian standards. Where possible, we've opted to use local accommodation that will show the characteristics of the surrounding area, like fisherman cabins on the Lofoten Islands.
Joining Hotel
For details of your joining hotel please refer to your tour voucher, G Account, the G Adventures App or contact your travel agent.
Joining Instructions
Please note that Day 1 is an arrival day and no activities have been planned for that day other then your welcome meeting in the evening, so you can arrive at any time. Similarly the last day is a departure day during which no activities have been planned.
A G Adventures Representative will organize a short meeting soon after arrival, during which you will meet other tour participants and receive information about general and specific aspects of the trip. A welcome note will be left for you in the hotel so you have all the necessary information regarding the meeting time. If you arrive late, s/he will leave you a message detailing what time and where you should meet the next morning.
Arrival Complications
We don't expect any problems, and nor should you, but if for any reason you are unable to commence your trip as scheduled, please refer to the emergency contact details provided in this dossier and contact us as soon as possible. If you have a pre-booked transfer, and you have not made contact with our representative within 30 minutes of clearing customs and immigration, we recommend that you make your own way to the Starting Point hotel, following the Joining Instructions. Please apply to your travel agent on your return for a refund of the transfer cost if this occurs.
Emergency Contact
Should you need to contact us during a situation of dire need, it is best to first call our G Adventures Local Office. If for any reason you do not receive an immediate answer, please leave a detailed message and contact information, so they may return your call and assist you as soon as possible.
G Adventures UK office (manned UK 8am – 8pm)
+44 (0) 2072439878
If you are unable for any reason to contact our local office, please call the numbers listed below, which will connect you directly with our 24 hour Sales team, who will happily assist you.
Toll-free, from calls within North America only: 1 888 800 4100
Calls from within UK: 0344 272 0000
Calls from within Germany: 0800 365 1000
Calls from within Australia: 1 300 796 618
Calls from within New Zealand: 0800 333 307
Outside North America, Australia, New Zealand, Germany and the UK: +1 416 260 0999
For absolute emergencies after office hours please contact +44 7817 262559
If for any reason you do not receive an immediate answer, please leave a detailed message and contact information, and your call will be returned as soon as possible.
What to Take
We recommend using a backpack for your convenience, or a medium-sized suitcase if you prefer. A daypack is also essential for carrying everyday items. Space is limited on transportation, so there is a limit of one main piece of luggage per person. You will be responsible for carrying your own luggage. You must be prepared to carry your luggage up and down stairs, as well as on and off transportation.
Cold Weather:
• Long-sleeved shirts or sweater
• Scarf
• Warm gloves
• Warm hat
• Warm layers
• Flight info (required) (Printouts of e-tickets may be required at the border)
• Insurance info (required) (With photocopies)
• Passport (required) (With photocopies)
• Required visas or vaccination certificates (required) (With photocopies)
• Vouchers and pre-departure information (required)
• Antibacterial wipes/gel
• Camera (With extra memory cards and batteries)
• Cash, credit and debit cards
• Day pack (Used for daily excursions or short overnights)
• Ear plugs
• First-aid kit (should contain lip balm with sunscreen, sunscreen, whistle, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, bandaids/plasters, tape, anti-histamines, antibacterial gel/wipes, antiseptic cream, Imodium or similar tablets for mild cases of diarrhea, rehydration powder, water purification tablets or drops, insect repellent, sewing kit, extra prescription drugs you may be taking)
• Fleece top/sweater
• Flight info (Printouts of e-tickets may be required at the border)
• Gloves
• Goggles
• Head lamp
• Hiking boots/sturdy walking shoes
• Ice grips for shoes
• Insurance info (With photocopies)
• Moneybelt
• Passport (With photocopies)
• Personal entertainment (Reading and writing materials, cards, music player, etc.)
• Required visas or vaccination certificates (With photocopies)
• Scarf
• Small hot water thermos
• Sunblock
• Sunglasses
• Thermal underwear
• Toiletries (Preferably biodegradable)
• Vouchers and pre-departure information
• Warm hat
• Warm winter coat
• Watch and alarm clock
• Weather-appropriate clothing
• Wool socks
• Wool sweater
Note: If you are prone to sea sickness, we recommend talking to your doctor about options to prevent symptoms for the ferry ride from Bodø to the Lofoten Islands.
Laundry facilities are offered by some of our hotels for a charge or ask your CEO where the closest laundromat is. There will be times when you may want to or have to do your own laundry so we suggest you bring non-polluting/biodegradable soap.
Spending Money
Every traveller is different and therefore spending money requirements will vary. Some travellers may drink more than others while other travellers like to purchase more souvenirs than most. Please consider your own spending habits when it comes to allowing for drinks, shopping and tipping. Please also remember the following specific recommendations when planning your trip.
Emergency Fund
Please also make sure you have access to at least an additional USD $200 (or equivalent) as an 'emergency' fund, to be used when circumstances outside our control (ex. a natural disaster) require a change to our planned route. This is a rare occurrence!
It is customary in Europe to leave a small tip for service providers, such as waiters, if you are pleased with the service (€1-2).
Tipping is an expected – though not compulsory – component of your tour program, and an expression of satisfaction with the persons who have assisted you on your tour. Although it may not be customary to you, it is of considerable significance to the people who will take care of you during your travels. There are several times during the trip where there is opportunity to tip the local guides. You may do this individually, or your CEO will offer to collect the money and tip as a group. Recommendations for tipping local guides would range from €3-5 per day, depending on the quality and length of the service; ask your CEO for specific recommendations based on the circumstances and culture.
Also at the end of each trip if you felt your G Adventures CEO did an outstanding job, tipping is appreciated. The amount is entirely a personal preference, however as a guideline €30-40 per person, per week can be used.
Optional Activities
Please see the itinerary for information on optional activities, descriptions and estimated pricing.
Please note inoculations may be required for the country visited. It is your responsibility to consult with your travel doctor for up to date medical travel information well before departure.
You should consult your doctor for up-to-date medical travel information well before departure. We recommend that you carry a First Aid kit and hand sanitizers / antibacterial wipes as well as any personal medical requirements. Please be aware that quite often we are in remote areas and away from medical facilities, and for legal reasons our leaders are prohibited from administering any type of drug including headache tablets, antibiotics, etc. When selecting your trip please carefully read the brochure and itinerary and assess your ability to cope with our style of travel. Please refer to the Physical and Culture Shock ratings for trip specific information. G Adventures reserves the right to exclude any traveller from all or part of a trip without refund if in the reasonable opinion of our CEO they are unable to complete the itinerary without undue risk to themselves and/or the rest of the group.
Safety and Security
Many national governments provide a regularly updated advice service on safety issues involved with international travel. We recommend that you check your government's advice for their latest travel information before departure. We strongly recommend the use of a neck wallet or money belt while travelling, for the safe keeping of your passport, air tickets, travellers' cheques, cash and other valuable items. Leave your valuable jewelery at home – you won't need it while travelling. Many of the hotels we use have safety deposit boxes, which is the most secure way of storing your valuables. A lock is recommended for securing your luggage. When travelling on a group trip, please note that your group leader has the authority to amend or cancel any part of the trip itinerary if it deemed necessary, due to safety concerns. Your Chief Experience Officer (CEO) will accompany you on all included activities. During your trip you will have some free time to pursue your own interests, relax and take it easy and explore at your leisure. While your CEO will assist you with options available in a given location, please note that any optional activities you undertake are not part of your itinerary, and we offer no representations about the safety of the activity or the standard of the operators running them. Please use your own good judgement when selecting an activity in your free time. Although the cities visited on tour are generally safe during the day, there can be risks to wandering throughout any major city at night. It is our recommendation to stay in small groups and to take taxis to and from restaurants, or during night time excursions.
Water based activities have an element of danger and excitement built into them. We recommend only participating in water based activities when accompanied by a guide(s). We make every reasonable effort to ensure the fun and adventurous element of any water based activities (in countries with varying degrees of operating standards), have a balanced approach to safety. It is our policy not to allow our CEOs to make arrangements on your behalf for water based activities that are not accompanied by guide(s).
Swimming, including snorkeling, is always at your own risk. Read more about travel safety for ways to further enhance your personal safety while traveling.
Medical Form
Our small group adventures bring together people of all ages. It is very important you are aware that an average level of fitness and mobility is required to undertake our easiest programs. Travellers must be able to walk without the aid of another person, climb 3-4 flights of stairs, step on and off small boats, and carry their own luggage at a minimum. Travellers with a pre-existing medical condition are required to complete a short medical questionnaire, which must be signed by their physician. This is to ensure that travellers have the necessary fitness and mobility to comfortably complete their chosen trip. While our leaders work hard to ensure that all our travellers are catered for equally, it is not their responsibility to help individuals who cannot complete the day's activities unaided. Please refer to the physical ratings in this Trip Details document for more information.
Please note that all passengers traveling to Antarctica are required to fill out this questionnaire.
The medical questionnaire can be found online at www.gadventures.com/medical-form.
A Couple of Rules
Illegal drugs will not be tolerated on any trips. Possessing or using drugs not only contravenes the laws of the land but also puts the rest of the group at risk. Smoking marijuana and opium is a part of local culture in some parts of the world but is not acceptable for our travellers. Our philosophy of travel is one of respect towards everyone we encounter, and in particular the local people who make the world the special place it is. The exploitation of prostitutes is completely contrary to this philosophy. Our group leader has the right to expel any member of the group if drugs are found in their possession or if they use prostitutes.
Travel Insurance
Travel insurance is compulsory in order to participate on any of our trips. When travelling on a group trip, you will not be permitted to join the group until evidence of travel insurance has been sighted by your leader, who will take note of your insurance details. When selecting a travel insurance policy we require that at a minimum you are covered for medical expenses including emergency evacuation and repatriation. A minimum coverage of USD200,000 is required. G Adventures can provide you with the appropriate coverage. We strongly recommend that the policy also covers personal liability, cancellation, curtailment and loss of luggage and personal effects. Some tours include adventure activities that require extra coverage (e.g. crampon use); please review your itinerary and make sure that you are covered for all included activities. If you have credit card insurance we require proof of purchase of the trip (a receipt of credit card statement) with a credit card in your name. Contact your bank for details of their participating insurer, the level of coverage and emergency contact telephone number.
Planeterra-The G Adventures Foundation
The Planeterra Foundation planeterra.org is a Canadian non-profit organization that helps empower local people to develop their communities, conserve their cultures, and create humane and supportive systems for their endeavours. Planeterra provides capacity building and catalyst grants to get community social enterprises off the ground. These businesses address local challenges by providing benefits for indigenous people, empowering marginalized women, and granting disadvantaged youth access to education, employment, and brighter futures. Planeterra also works to ensure these businesses have a thriving customer base by integrating programs into G Adventures' itineraries globally.
G Adventures is Planeterra's largest corporate donor, covering all operating costs so 100% of your donation will bring opportunity to people in need.
Dollar-a-Day Program
G Adventures' Dollar-a-Day Program provides travellers with the opportunity to give back to the people and places visited on our tours by donating one dollar for every day you are on trip. 100% of these donations go directly to support community development projects worldwide that are implemented by Planeterra.
After your travels, we want to hear from you! Your feedback information is so important to us that we'll give you 5% off the price of your next G Adventures trip if your feedback is completed on-line within 30 days of finishing your trip. Your tour evaluation will be e-mailed to you 24 hours after the conclusion of your trip. If you do not receive the tour evaluation link in the days after your tour has finished, please drop us a line at firstname.lastname@example.com and we will send it on to you.
Our adventure travel e-newsletter is full of travel news, trip information, interesting stories and contests. To avoid missing out on special offers and updates from G Adventures, subscribe at www.gadventures.com/newsletters/
Stay current on how our company invests in our global community through our foundation – Planeterra. Sign up for Planeterra's monthly news to learn more about how to give back and support the people and places we love to visit.
Minimum Age
You must be 18 to travel unaccompanied on a G Adventures tour. For minors travelling with a guardian over 21 years old, the minimum age is 12.
International Flights
Check-in times and baggage allowances/restrictions vary by airline and can change at any time. For the most up-to-date information for your flight, please contact your airline. We recommend checking in online in advance to avoid potential delays at the airport.
Max Pax
Group Leader
Chief Experience Officer (CEO) throughout, local guides.
Day 1 Tromsø
There are no activities planned until an evening welcome meeting.
Included Activities:
Arrival Day and Welcome Meeting
Day 2 Tromsø/Narvik (1B)
Travel from Tromso to Narvik. En route, stop to visit the Polarpark wildlife park and enjoy some dog sledding.
Included Activities:
Dog Sledding in PolarPark
Private Vehicle (4.10 hour(s), 170km)
Local bus (1.20 hour(s), 100km)
Day 3 Narvik/Lofoten (1B)
Visit a reindeer farm and get a glimpse into Sami culture.
Continue to the Lofoten Islands and stay in charming fishing cabins on the coast. Later, take an included tour to track down the Northern Lights.
There will be multiple opportunities to spot the Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) on this trip. If you don't see them here, don't despair.
Included Activities:
Reindeer Farm and Sami Culture Visit
Northern Lights Tour
Private Vehicle (3.00 hour(s), 195km)
Private Vehicle (1.75 hour(s), 117km)
Day 4 Lofoten (1B)
Enjoy free time on the islands with an optional wildlife-spotting cruise or scenic hikes.
Day 5 Lofoten/Tromsø (1B)
If keen, there are more opportunities for Northern Lights viewing here.
Private Vehicle (8.00 hour(s))
Day 6 Tromsø (1B)
Visit the Polar Museum in the late morning. Take the rest of the day to discover this quaint town and scenic surroundings. Opt to try dog-sledding, snowshoeing or reindeer-sledding.
Included Activities:
Polar Museum Visit
Day 7 Tromsø (1B)
Depart at any time.


text: Tuesday, January 15, 2013 CMS Seeks Comments on Habilitative Benefit Under Medicaid Program The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recently released a proposed rule that has important implications for Medicaid beneficiaries who require rehabilitative and habilitative services and devices. In the rule, CMS proposes changes to provide states more flexibility to coordinate Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) eligibility notices, appeals, and other related administrative procedures with similar procedures used by other health coverage programs authorized under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), such as coordination of benefits between Medicaid and health plans offered in the health insurance exchanges (Exchanges). Specifically, CMS is soliciting comments on whether the habilitative benefit should be offered in parity with the rehabilitative benefit under the Medicaid program (as they must be under the Exchanges). Additionally, CMS requests input on whether the state defined habilitative benefit definition for the Exchanges should apply to Medicaid or states should be allowed to separately define habilitative services for Medicaid. Habilitative and rehabilitative benefits are part of the mandatory essential health benefits (EHB) established by the ACA to ensure that certain health plans offered in Exchanges provide this baseline of coverage, benefits, and services to their enrollees. In December 2012, CMS released guidance to help states align Alternative Benefit Plans under Medicaid programs with the EHB requirements. In that guidance, CMS stated that it intended for the provisions of the EHB proposed rule, released on November 20, generally to apply to Medicaid, but noted that it would address EHB in future rulemaking. The newly released proposed rule also proposes to update and simplify the complex Medicaid premiums and cost-sharing requirements, to promote the most effective use of services, and to assist states in identifying cost-sharing flexibilities. APTA will comment on the proposed rule. Comments are due February 13. Comments Louisiana medicaid program has advised us that as of 2-1-13, there wil be no reimbursement for PT/OT/SPT for Medicaid beneficiaries over the age of 21. How does that fit in with ACA and EHB? Posted by marilyn kovar on 1/21/2013 1:56 PM


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Philip Snowden was born in Cowling, West Yorkshire on 18 July 1864. I will go so far as to say that he is perhaps the most famous "son" of Cowling – although others may have a different opinion. He was the son of a weaver and his parents were devout Methodists.
Never heard of him?
Well, Philip became interested in local politics at an early age and joined the Keighley Liberal Club. While researching the dangers of socialism he became converted to this new ideology and left the Liberal Party to join the local branch of the Independent Labour Party.
In 1899 he was elected to Keighley Town Council and in 1903 became national chairman of the Independent Labour Party.
The next obvious step was to try to get elected to the House of Commons. After two failed attempts at Blackburn in the 1900 General Election and Wakefield in a 1902 by-election he was eventually elected as the Labour MP for Blackburn in the 1906 General Election.
He developed a reputation as an expert on economic issues and advised David Lloyd George on his 1909 People's Budget.
Philip Snowden was a pacifist and opposed to Britain's involvement in the First World War. He joined various groups and organisations campaigning against the war. Like other anti-war Labour MP's he was defeated in the 1918 General Election. However he was quickly forgiven and was elected four years later to represent Colne Valley.
When Ramsay MacDonald formed the first Labour Government in January 1924 he appointed Philip Snowden as his Chancellor of the Exchequer. Later that year Stanley Baldwin, the leader of the Conservative Party, became Prime Minister and Snowden's period in office came to an end.
Five years on Snowden became Chancellor of the Exchequer again in the Labour Government of 1929. This coincided with an economic depression and Snowden's main concern was to produce a balanced budget. He managed to make changes to the tax system that resulted in the wealthy paying more and the poor paying less. The economic situation continued to deteriorate and in 1931 Snowden suggested that the Labour government should introduce new measures including a reduction in unemployment pay. Several ministers refused to accept the cuts in benefits and resigned from office.
Ramsay MacDonald now formed a National Government with the Tories and Liberals. Philip Snowden remained Chancellor and introduced the measures that had been rejected by the previous Labour Cabinet. Labour MPs were furious with what MacDonald and Snowden had done, and both men were expelled from the Labour Party.
Snowden did not stand in the 1931 General Election and instead accepted the title of Viscount Snowden which enabled him to sit in the House of Lords.
Philip Snowden died on 15th May, 1937.
Why have I spent my Sunday telling you this story? Because I have just this morning been able to make a family connection – albeit tenuous with this controversial politician. I have Snowden's in my family tree but hadn't tried to find a link before today. Anyway I now know that Philip Snowden is the 2nd cousin 1x removed of the wife of my 2nd great grand uncle – William Dawson married Martha Langton Snowden in Q1 1850.
OK, we're only related by marriage – but that's close enough for me.
Here's a couple more links with articles about him.


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Principal Proposed Uses
Other Proposed Uses
- Lupus
- Male Contraceptive
Tripterygium is a climbing vine with a long history of use in traditional Chinese herbal medicine . It is used in mixtures intended for the treatment of arthritis, muscle injury, skin diseases, and other problems. The roots, leaves, and flowers are the parts used medicinally.
Tripterygium is thought to be toxic or even fatal if taken to excess. Extracts made with ethyl acetate or chorloroform-methanol came into use in China in the 1970s, and were said to be less toxic. However, the safety of these extracts has not been conclusively established, and we recommend against using tripterygium except in the context of a scientific trial.
What is
In animal, test-tube, and preliminary human trials, trypterygium has shown immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory affects. 1-7 Because drugs with these properties are useful for conditions in which the immune system is overactive, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus , trypterygium has been proposed for similar use. However, as yet there is only minimal evidence that it is effective.
One double-blind, placebo-controlled study performed in China in 1997 evaluated the topical use of a tripterygium extract in 61 people with rheumatoid arthritis. 8 The extract was applied 5-6 times daily to the affected joints. The results appeared to indicate that use of the herbal tincture over 6 weeks significantly reduced rheumatoid arthritis symptoms as compared to placebo. However, due to problems in the study, researchers were compelled to use statistical methods that were somewhat questionable (technically, post-hoc analysis). For this reason, the results are only somewhat meaningful.
Another study compared placebo to oral trypterygium extract, taken in a low or high dose for 20 weeks. 9 The results appeared to show benefit, but so many participants dropped out before the end of the study that the results are difficult to interpret.
No other potential uses of tripterygium have undergone meaningful controlled clinical trials. Weak evidence hints that it might offer promise as a contraceptive for men. 10
At present, we recommend that trypterygium should only be used in the context of a scientific trial.
Safety Issues
Trypterygium is a toxic herb: various components of trypterygium can cause liver injury, genetic damage, and birth defects. 11-15 It is thought, but not proven, that certain chemical extracts of trypterygium are safe if used within proper dosage limits. 15 All forms of the herb should be avoided by pregnant or nursing women, young children, and those with kidney or liver disease.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


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Pooja, India, 16 years old: "I am ecstatic that my design has been selected! It is a wonderful feeling, truly. To me, the Arctic is sacrosanct. This competition gave me an opportunity to express my concern for the receding polar ice cap. My flag may not speak a thousand words, but it does tell you that I care, and I wish this sentiment resonates!"
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Most Americans—even those reading business papers such as The Wall Street Journal—probably have never heard of a Treasury regulation called FATCA, but the obscure acronym has become a commonly read epithet in the foreign press.
While Americans are absorbed by an IRS scandal involving harassment of taxpayers politically opposed to the administration, foreigners are scandalized by a sweeping U.S. law requiring foreign financial institutions to collect data on U.S. citizens or clients with foreign bank accounts worth $50,000 or more, or send the IRS a 30% withholding tax on securities transactions originating in the U.S.
Foreign banks, overwhelmed by the difficulty of locating customers whom the U.S. regards as citizens and reluctant to divert their revenue to the IRS, won a brief respite Friday when the IRS announced a six-month extension of the compliance deadline to July 1, 2014. Implementation of the law has been extended many times since its 2010 approval.
The U.S. Treasury has imposed FATCA — the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act — through intergovernmental agreements as part of its ongoing effort to tackle tax evasion by wealthy Americans. But its requirements have a quite broad reach.
In an op-ed in The Wall Street Journal online Wednesday, Colleen Graffy, a law professor at Pepperdine University in Malibu who also serves as director of the university's London Law Campus, says the government's reliance on FATCA as an enforcement tool is like using a sledgehammer to crack a nut:
"Imagine this: You were born in California, moved to New York for education or work, fell in love, married and had children. Even though you have faithfully paid taxes in New York and haven't lived in California for 25 years, suppose California law required that you also file your taxes there because you were born there. Though you may never have held a bank account in California, you must report all of your financial holdings to the state of California. Are you a signatory on your spouse's account? Then you must declare his bank accounts, too. Your children, now adults, have never been west of the Mississippi but they too must file their taxes in both California and New York and report any bank accounts they or their spouses may have because they are considered Californians by virtue of one parent's birthplace."
Graffy, who must file taxes in both the U.S. and U.K., even more laments the burden on U.S. citizens (unlike her) who live full time in a foreign country. While it is increasingly common for U.S. citizens to retire abroad, some have even more attenuated ties to the U.S. Writes Graffey:
"Many, like the very British mayor of London, Boris Johnson, are 'accidental Americans.' He was born in New York, where his father worked for the U.N. And unless Mr. Johnson has actively renounced his citizenship, which requires an appointment at a U.S. Embassy, forms and fees, he is still an American citizen… Mr. Johnson, have you filed your taxes and reported all your U.K. bank accounts to the U.S. Department of Treasury yet?"
Financial institutions, particularly in smaller countries, have been caught between a rock and a hard place. An analysis from the Cayman Islands says that had the British Overseas Territory not signed an intergovernmental agreement with the U.S. Treasury, its financial institutions would have been left with three worse choices: signing their own agreements; paying a 30% withholding tax on U.S. dollar transactions; or no longer using the world's reserve currency. It noted the latter two options were simply unfeasible for Cayman's financial industry.
But bigger countries, like China, may balk at signing an intergovernmental agreement on FATCA. The New York Times quotes a tax law professor who says the latest FATCA delay may result from Chinese reluctance to agree to such a law, suggesting an erosion in U.S. credibility if it can't implement the law after years of efforts to do so.
Meantime, the regulation is already having an impact on some of the 6 million Americans who live abroad as well as foreign financial institutions with U.S. customers. The Israeli financial newspaper Globes reports that the threat of FATCA has caused Israel bank account holders with U.S. ties to withdraw some $4 billion to $5 billion within the past two years.
Graffy, in her Journal op-ed, says "the core injustice in America's tax policy is that it is based on citizenship rather than residency," a principle shared only by the Horn of Africa nation of Eritrea, whose policy the U.S. has condemned as the "extortion of a 'diaspora tax.'"
Graffy is worried that the U.S. has won intergovernmental agreements by promising reciprocity, and cites House Financial Services Committee member Bill Posey, R-Fla., as saying Treasury lacks the authority to make such a promise:
"If Congressman Posey is wrong, U.S. banks will face enormous reporting requirements and costs," she writes. "If he is right, the U.S. government will face enormous international embarrassment after having coaxed nations into signing IGAs."
Check out Top 10 Best Foreign Countries for Retirement: 2013 on ThinkAdvisor.


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Home >> Uk + Ireland >> England >> Suffolk >> Beyton >>
All Saints, Beyton, Church of England
Primary tabs
This site provides historical information about churches, other places of worship and cemeteries. It has no connection with the churches themselves. For current information you will need to contact them directly.
All Saints,
Church Road,
Church Road,
The church has/had a graveyard.
Church History
It was founded in 1539.
It is located at TL9339062786 (Lat/Lon 52.229300,0.830296). You can see this on maps provided by:
- StreetMap (Ordnance Survey maps)
- Google StreetView
- National Library of Scotland (Old Ordnance Survey maps)
- Old Maps (Old Ordnance Survey maps)
- Vision of Britain
- Nearby churches.


text:
Related Terms
- Bruises
- Contusion
- Injuries
- Joint Injuries
- Ligament Injuries
- Muscle Injuries
- Sports Injuries
- Sports and Fitness Support: Minor Sports Injuries
- Sprains
- Strains
Principal Proposed Natural Treatments
Other Proposed Natural Treatments
- Acupuncture
- Homeopathic Arnica
- Bioflavonoids (Citrus Bioflavonoids and Oxerutins )
- Calcium and Vitamin D
- Comfrey (Topical Only)
- Creatine
- Glucosamine
- Horse Chestnut
- Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins (OPCs)
- Vitamin C
This article addresses injuries such as bruises, minor fractures, and sprains. Other forms of minor injury such as minor burns , minor wounds , back pain , and more chronic soft tissue injuries are discussed in their own articles.
Unless you never leave your couch, you are likely to injure yourself sometime. Although minor injuries such as bruises and sprains will heal without treatment, they can be quite unpleasant.
Conventional treatment for minor sprains and strains involves anti-inflammatory drugs, icing, and, in some cases, physical therapy. Bruises are sometimes treated with ultrasound, although there is no meaningful evidence that it really helps.
Principal Proposed Natural Treatments
Proteolytic Enzymes
Proteolytic enzymes help you digest the proteins in food. Your pancreas produces the proteolytic enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin, and others, such as papain and bromelain , are found in foods. Proteolytic enzymes are primarily used as digestive aids for people who have trouble digesting proteins. When taken by mouth, proteolytic enzymes appear to be absorbed internally to a certain extent, and they might reduce inflammation and swelling. Several small studies have found proteolytic enzyme combinations helpful for the treatment of minor injuries. However, the best and largest trial failed to find benefit.
Most studies involved proteolytic enzymes combined with citrus bioflavonoids , which are also thought to decrease swelling.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 44 individuals with sports-related ankle injuries found that treatment with a proteolytic enzyme and bioflavonoid combination resulted in faster healing and reduced the time away from training by about 50%. 1 Based on these and other results, a very large (721-participant) double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of people with an ankle sprain was undertaken. 19 It compared placebo against bromelain, trypsin, or rutin (a bioflavonoid), separately or in combination. None of the treatments alone or together proved more effective than placebo.
Three other small, double-blind studies, involving a total of about 80 athletes, found that treatment with proteolytic enzymes significantly speeded healing of bruises and other mild athletic injuries as compared to placebo. 2,3,4 In another double-blind trial, 100 people were given an injection of their own blood under the skin to simulate bruising following an injury. Researchers found that treatment with a proteolytic enzyme combination significantly speeded recovery. 5 However, most of these studies were performed decades ago and fall beneath modern standards in design and reporting.
For more information, including dosage and safety issues, see the full articles on Proteolytic Enzymes and Bromelain .
Other Proposed Natural Treatments
Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) , substances found in grape seed and pine bark, have shown promise for the treatment of minor injuries. A 10-day, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolling 50 participants found that OPCs improved the rate at which edema disappeared following sports injuries. 8 It is also relevant that a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 63 women with breast cancer found that 600 mg of OPCs daily for 6 months reduced postoperative edema and pain. 9 Similarly, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 32 people who had cosmetic surgery on the face, swelling disappeared much faster in the treated group. 10
Preliminary evidence from a somewhat poorly reported double-blind trial of 40 college football players suggests that a combination of vitamin C and citrus bioflavonoids taken before practice can reduce the severity of athletic injuries. 12
Another small placebo-controlled study suggests that an oral combination product containing vitamin C , calcium , potassium , proteolytic enzymes, rutin , and OPCs can slightly accelerate healing of skin wounds. 20
A double-blind study of people recovering from minor injuries, including minor surgery, found that the bioflavonoid-like substances called oxerutins have similar effects. 13
The herb horse chestnut is thought to have properties similar to those of citrus bioflavonoids. The active ingredient in horse chestnut is a substance called aescin. One double-blind study of 70 people found that about 10 g of 2% aescin gel, applied externally to bruises in a single dose 5 minutes after the bruises were induced, reduced their tenderness. 11
The herb comfrey is unsafe for internal use due to the presence of liver-toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. However, topical use is believed to be safe. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 142 people suffering from an ankle sprain, use of comfrey gel resulted in more rapid recovery than placebo gel, according to measurements of pain, swelling, and mobility. 21
The supplement creatine has shown some promise for preventing the muscle weakness that commonly occurs when a limb is immobilized following injury or surgery. 14,15 However, one study failed to find creatine helpful for restoring strength following arthroscopic knee surgery. 22
The supplement glucosamine might be helpful for people who experience knee pain due to cartilage injury. 17 In addition, one study found somewhat inconsistent evidence hinting that glucosamine might aid recovery from acute knee injuries experienced by competitive athletes. 28
A small double-blind, placebo-controlled study suggests that use of calcium (1 g daily) plus vitamin D (800 IU daily) may speed bone healing after fracture in people with osteoporosis . 23
One study found that use of relaxation therapies to manage stress reduced the number of injury and illness days among competitive athletes. 18
One study failed to find that onion extract can help reduce scarring in the skin. 27
Acupuncture is a treatment method aimed at eliciting a response (such as pain relief) through insertion of very fine needles in the body surface at sites called acupuncture points. Although it is a popular alternative way to help relieve pain, it is difficult to properly ascertain the its effectiveness. In a review of 20 randomized or quasi-randomized trials, acupuncture was evaluated in 2,012 people with a sprained ankle. Acupuncture was associated with an improved cure rate or function when compared to no treatment, other nonsurgical treatments, or in combination with other nonsurgical treatments such as topical gels, far-infrared lamp radiation, electrophysical therapy, and Chinese herbal medications. There were no differences when acupuncture was compared to Chinese herbal patches, ice packs, or elastic bandage and immobilization. The trials evaluated were unblinded, meaning people were aware of their treatment. This bias can affect the results of the trials, making it appear the treatment is more effective than it really is. 29
Homeopathic forms of the herb arnica are popular as a treatment for injuries, but studies suggest they are no more effective than placebo. 16,24-26 Other homeopathic treatments are discussed in the homeopathy section of this database, under the titles Bruises and Sports-related Injuries .
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


text:
'French Theater: Behind the Scenes'
TOMER YAVETZ [in French]: I am thrilled by that…
FLORENT MASSE: I am thrilled by that…
TOMER YAVETZ [in French]: I am thrilled by that…
FLORENT MASSE [in French]: Open your mouth to
pronounce the 'A' TOMER YAVETZ [in French]: I am thrilled by that…
TOMER YAVETZ [in French]: I am thrilled by that…
TOMER YAVETZ [in French]: and doubtless it will be
sweet to me, Madame. FLORENT MASSE [in French]: Yes!
TOMER YAVETZ [in French]: But it's a transport of
zeal that seizes me and a profound affection…
FLORENT MASSE [in French]: A transport.
TOMER YAVETZ [in French]: A transport.
FLORENT MASSE [in French]: That's right, a transport. TOMER YAVETZ [in French]: Transport.
FLORENT MASSE: We were doing a what we call,
what I call a text lab. Text lab.
So I worked on the pronunciation one on one
on their lines and their scenes. And this is a great way to really make sure they
improve their pronunciation with a careful attention to the text.
So there are different types of text labs. Some are just on the pronunciation and
some are on the…also the meaning of the text. Sometimes they have a hard time
understanding everything, so we make sure they understand this way. And
the pronunciation today was only focused on that. CHRISTINA BOTT: French 211 was without a doubt…
it has been one of my favorite courses at Princeton. Florent really takes the time to work with
each student individually and you really get to know the individual works that you are studying.
So, each student performs either two or three
scenes throughout the entire semester and you get to work with different partners and also examine
not just your particular scene, but the work in general. CHRISTIAN DAVID MARTIN [in French]: No! You're
not going to take a walk in your room with a night shirt and
a hat on! CHRISTINA BOTT [in French]: Yes, okay! First would
you please explain? I'll take my hat off right away. CHRISTINA BOTT: You learn about the intricacy of language
and just how important pronunciation is. It is a very different concept than
American theater. French theater is much more
about the text and a lot less about what you're doing with your arms and
all that jazz, which took a lot for me to learn.
DAYNA LI: Basically, we're covering all kinds of
French theater from classical to contemporary. We're doing Feydeau which is
is something more contemporary, but there is also Racine which is classical.
OLIVIA NICE: Berenice, Andromaque…
a lot of really really great French plays. DAYNA LI: I think it's really cool how we have these
private rehearsals because he is an amazing teacher and he really is putting a lot of effort into our
diction, which is especially important. It's kind of underestimated because it is
acting that we put as our number one priority, but then obviously if you can't
understand what we're saying, that is a disadvantage. So, he is really
really helpful in diction. DAYNA LI [in French]: What is that to you?
OLIVIA NICE [in French]: It annoys me,
I still want to deceive him, but the idea that
he would deceive me, that
is going too far! DAYNA LI [in French]: You have exquisite
morality. OLIVIA NICE [in French]: What, you think I'm wrong?
DAYNA LI [in French]: Yes, yes, yes. Only…
all that you are bringing to light doesn't
prove anything. OLIVIA NICE [in French]: Really,
I'm not proving anything? OLIVIA NICE: Something that I really loved
about this class is that I do a lot of theater on campus and I also study French in the classroom.
And this class really gave me an opportunity to combine both of them.
And something that was really really special about this class is
that our professor, Florent Masse, he brought in a professional actor…
one of his friends from France… to come meet with us for a week.
We got to rehearse with him and he got to talk with us about his projects
that he is doing in France. CHRISTINA BOTT: It's a great study of the history of
French theater and I loved every second of it. I took it in my freshman Fall
and it was an amazing course and it was one of the best ways for me to start off
at Princeton. And now I am a French major!
FLORENT MASSE [in French]: A!…U!…
STUDENTS [in French]: A!…U!… FLORENT MASSE [in French]: Five times…A!…U!…
STUDENTS [in French]: A!…U!… (repeated five times) [MUSIC]