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Delicious chocolate candy fundraisers! The Peanut Butter Chocolate Lover's Bars candy fundraiser is popular among all ages and a top seller. We highly recommend choosing this candy fundraiser! Small case sizes! With us, one case is just one carrying box of 68 Peanut Butter candy bars.Order 20 cases or more in any combination of the $1 Chocolate Lover's Bars and make 50% profit - $34.00 per case! (Price will be adjusted in shopping cart)
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If I am part of a school, can I still fundraise with candy and snack items?
Yes. The USDA only requires that candy and snack items not be sold on school grounds, during school hours. Therefore, you are still able to sell starting 30 minutes after school, on campus without regulation. Selling of these items is also permitted at any after school, on-campus event, such as sports/games, etc.
Is there a way I can sell candy or snack items during school hours on the premise?
Yes. Each state is different, but they do make exemptions for selling candy/snack fundraisers during school hours. You will need to contact your district to find out what your state's specifications are and how to obtain an exemption.
Do any of the USDA rules apply to fundraising that happens outside of school?
No. Whether you are associated with a school or not, any fundraising that takes place physically outside of school grounds is exempt from the USDA nutrition standards.
What types of fundraisers fit under the USDA guidelines?
The Smart Variety is made up of items that specifically fit the Smart Snacks In School USDA requirements. These snacks can be sold during school hours without state approval. Regular candy and snacks can still be used for fundraising, but sales of these items must be after school hours on campus. Anything under our Brochure fundraisers and Other Ideas categories fit the guidelines as well.
How do I find out more about the USDA's Smart Snacks in School guidelines?
You can visit the USDA here:
http://www.fns.usda.gov/school-meals/smart-snacks-school http://www.fns.usda.gov/sites/default/files/allfoods_flyer.pdf


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Tendinopathy is an injury to the tendon. It can cause pain, swelling, and limited movement. The injury can include:
- Tendonitis—inflammation of the tendon
- Tendinosis—tiny tears in the tendon tissue with no significant inflammation
The peroneal tendons run along the outside of the ankle bone. Treatment depends on the severity of the injury.
Peroneal tendinopathy often occurs as a result of:
- Repetitive overuse injuries which may occur from regular activities
- Trauma to the ankle such as a sudden twisting of the ankle or foot
- A sprained ankle that turned inward
- Overstretching the foot
Risk Factors
Factors that increase your risk of peroneal tendinopathy include:
- High arched foot
- Previous ankle sprain or injury
- Weak ankles
Symptoms include pain, tenderness or swelling along the bottom of the foot or side of the ankle. You may also experience weakening or instability in the foot or ankle.
You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done.
Images may be needed of the foot and ankle. These may be taken with:
- X-ray
- MRI scan
- Ultrasound
Your doctor may also inject a medicine in local structures. This can help your doctor confirm what structures are causing the problem.
Talk with your doctor about the best plan for you. Treatment options include the following:
A cast, splint, or brace may be needed to keep the foot and ankle from moving and allow the tendon to heal. You may also be asked to wear special shoes or inserts.
Prescription or over-the-counter medication may be advised for pain. Corticosteroid injections may be needed if treatment is not effective.
Physical Therapy
A physical therapist will assess the foot and ankle. Ice or heat therapy and ultrasound may be done to help pain and swelling.
An exercise program will be created to help recovery and to strengthen the muscles.
Surgery may be needed in some cases. It can help to repair the tendon or adjust support structures of your foot.
To help reduce your chance of getting peroneal tendinopathy, take the following steps:
- Avoid activities and sports that repeatedly stress the ankle.
- Do not put yourself at risk for trauma to the ankle.
- Build strong muscles to support your joints.
- Gradually increase the frequency and intensity of exercise.
- Learn proper technique for sports and exercise.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Teresa Briedwell, PT, DPT
- Review Date: 03/2018 -
- Update Date: 04/29/2014 -

subset: commoncrawl


text: Friday, December 14, 2012 Record-breaking Attempt to Sail Around World to Raise Funds for Foundation At age 76, Stanley V. Paris, PT, PhD, FAPTA, FAAOMPT, will attempt to sail around the world alone and unassisted in fewer than 150 days. In the process he hopes to break several records and raise funds and awareness for the Foundation for Physical Therapy. Records Paris is set to break: oldest person to circumnavigate under sail nonstop and unassisted fastest to circumnavigate in a monohull cruising boat first to circumnavigate nonstop, unassisted, and entirely green With a gift of $100 ($150 per couple/$200 per family or business) your name will be displayed on the exterior of the Kiwi Spirit, so you too can sail around the world with Stanley Paris! To donate, go to http://kiwispirit.kintera.org/ or call 800/875-1378. Hear about Paris's record-breaking efforts in his own words in this video, and follow his adventure on Facebook.


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It's no coincidence that DoubleLine Capital, known for its track record with bond funds, launched its first stock fund just a few months after the new fund's two equity managers left their TCW Group funds behind to join Jeffrey Gundlach's storied startup.
The DoubleLine Equities Small Cap Growth Fund opened to investors on April 1, just after TCW veterans Husam Nazer and Brendt Stallings announced March 22 that they had brought four equities analysts and an equities trader into the newly formed DoubleLine Equity LP. Nazer (left) and Stallings, who headed TCW's Small and Mid-Cap Growth Equities Group when it reached a peak of $5 billion in assets under management, brought four of the five new personnel from their TCW group.
Institutional shares of DoubleLine Equities Small Cap Growth (I shares-DBESX; N shares-DLESX), which has total assets of $2.3 million according to Morningstar, were trading Friday afternoon at an NAV of $9.77, down 0.09 points, off 0.91% from the Thursday close. Institutional shares of TCW Small Cap Growth Fund (I shares-TGSCX; N shares-TGSNX), currently managed by Chang Lee and Mike Olson with total assets of $349.8 million, were trading at an NAV of $28.25, down 0.19 points, off 0.67% from Thursday.
Nothing but the Knowledge in Their Heads
"We have reconstituted the core of our original research and trading team," Nazer said in a statement on March 22. "In addition, we are carefully recruiting talent from other firms. I expect DoubleLine will bring aboard one or two more equity analysts in the months ahead."
In an interview at the New York Yacht Club on April 11, Stallings recalled how he and Nazer departed TCW on Dec. 31 carrying nothing but the knowledge in their heads and went to work for DoubleLine on Jan. 2. On that first business day in January, the duo began trading their tested strategies, so there was no break in their track record. Currently, Nazer and Stallings are constructing portfolios and building models in the domestic stock space, and they have plans to launch two more funds soon.
"It's the entrepreneurial opportunity of a career," said Stallings (left), who spent 16 years at TCW while partnered with 17-year veteran Nazer. "We wanted to build an equity franchise that scales and lasts, and we found a simple and elegant solution after a 15-minute conversation with Jeffrey."
DoubleLine at 3-Year Mark
Now that DoubleLine is three years old, the Los Angeles-based fund firm has the stability and financial resources to take on a new challenge. It doesn't hurt, of course, that the U.S. stock market is enjoying what looks to be an extended period of bullishness and solid returns.
Nazer, 41, was TCW's senior portfolio manager of small-cap growth and SMID-cap growth strategies, and along with Stallings, co-portfolio manager of the TCW global technology strategy and co-head of the TCW small- and mid-cap growth equities team. Stallings, 44, was senior portfolio manager of the TCW growth equities strategy.
"We were close with Jeffrey at TCW, and we always listened to him," Nazer said. "We would have been stupid not to. He was the chief investment officer of the whole firm. We were comfortable at TCW, and we were making money, but we couldn't run fast enough from the Carlyle Group's leveraged buyout" of TCW in August 2012.
Read Ouch! DoubleLine Raids TCW Again for More Talent on AdvisorOne.


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As both the Senate Finance and House Ways and Means committees announced late last week that they had begun their "high-profile" efforts to reform the tax code—with meetings and hearings scheduled this week—the House and Senate plan to finish work this week on a continuing resolution (CR) to fund the government for the rest of the fiscal year.
Senate Finance Committee Chairman Max Baucus, D-Mont., and Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, ranking member on the committee, plan to release discussion papers to be used during bipartisan meetings on tax reform issues. The first meeting, scheduled for Thursday, will focus on simplifying the tax code for families. Other meetings will cover an array of issues, including examining the tax treatment of small businesses and corporate investment; families and children; education expenditures; different types of income and tax structures; international taxation; and charitable giving and tax-exempt organizations.
The committee said in a statement that the end goal was "a comprehensive tax reform plan—crafted through regular order with input from all members of the committee—that will help businesses create jobs, simplify the system for families and give the nation a long-term economic boost."
How long it will take to reach any meaningful legislative remedy remains to be seen.
The House Committee on Ways and Means held a hearing Tuesday on how tax reform and tax provisions affect state and local governments.
During his opening remarks at the hearing, Rep. Dave Camp, R-Mich., chairman of the committee, said that "we are not writing a tax reform bill in some ivory tower. Changes to the tax code will have a real impact on state and local economies, and the committee needs to hear directly from these stakeholders before considering any proposals as part of comprehensive tax reform."
In addition to the Tuesday hearing, Camp said the committee's 11 separate working groups would "serve as a way to gather information from these stakeholders about how current tax law affects them." These reports, Camp said, "will be important to have as we begin to explore what changes, if any, should be considered."
Camp pointed to several items in the tax code that directly affect state and local governments, with the most significant and widely known provisions including:
- The exclusion of state and local governmental income from federal income tax;
- The itemized deduction for state and local income, property and sales taxes;
- Various benefits for state and local bonds; and
- Special rules for state and local government employee pensions and benefits.
No Agreement Yet on CR
As to funding the government, with the March 27 deadline looming, lawmakers are set to finish work this week on a continuing resolution before breaking for a two-week spring recess.
On Monday, Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., said lawmakers had recessed for the weekend so negotiators could attempt to reach an agreement on a list of amendments to consider Monday. Reid said that the bill managers, Appropriations Committee Chairwoman Barbara Mikulski, D-Md., and ranking member Richard Shelby, R-Ala., had "made good progress over the weekend," but that they had not yet reached an agreement. "Unfortunately, there has been difficulty getting senators on both sides to agree to a finite list of amendments," Reid (left) said.
Joe Lieber of Washington Analysis notes in his Washington This Week newsletter that "all indications suggest that Reid spent the weekend working with other members to make whatever passes the upper chamber as palatable as possible for House Republicans, thereby minimizing the amount of bicameral work that needs to be done prior to the recess."
Reid went on to say in his Monday statement that "it is in the interest of all senators that we move forward quickly with this important legislation." The House, he said, "awaits our action. There is a great deal to do this week on the other side of the Capitol as well. Also, the more time the Senate spends on the continuing resolution, the less time we will have later this week to vote on amendments to the budget resolution."
Senate 'Will Pass a Budget This Week'
Reid went on to note that the budget resolution "cannot be filibustered. But it is allowed up to 50 hours of debate. And we must reserve time this week to consider a number of amendments to the budget."
Said Reid: "This will be a very full week. Senators should expect several long nights and late votes. And we will stay as long as it takes to complete work on both the continuing resolution and the budget resolution—even if that means working into the weekend and the Easter/Passover recess."
On Tuesday, Reid said that the Senate "will pass a budget this week—crafted by the senior senator from Washington, Budget Chairman Patty Murray—that fully replaces the harmful sequester cuts with balanced, responsible deficit reduction."
That budget, he continued, will create new jobs, repair crumbling roads and bridges, and train workers for high-skill jobs, and be paid for "by eliminating almost $1 trillion worth of loopholes that benefit the wealthiest Americans and the most profitable corporations."
But in a speech on the Senate floor the same day, Hatch blasted Senate Democrats' blueprint budget for fiscal year 2014 for failing to address the nation's unsustainable entitlement programs. "Over the next decade, the federal government will spend a combined total of $22.4 trillion on the Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security programs," Hatch said. "These programs are the greatest drivers of the nation's near $17 trillion debt."
Liber notes that while neither chamber "has sought to add any additional funds to offset the sequester in their respective CRs," he expects the final bill to include "five appropriations measures, which means that those areas covered by the bill—Defense, Homeland Security, Military Construction/Veterans Affairs, Agriculture, Commerce/Justice/Science—will not face indiscriminant [sic], across-the-board cuts, but rather more targeted reductions as prescribed by Congress."
Unlike past efforts, Lieber said, "we expect this [CR] bill to make its way into law with relative ease, the delay on the Senate side due to a plethora of amendments notwithstanding."
For more tax stories and advice, check out AdvisorOne's 20 Days of Tax Planning Advice for 2013 home page.


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Out of Stock
Additional Information
About Me
- Fabric: Main, 100% Viscose
- Wash Care: Machine Wash
- Product Code: 037017
- Model wears: Not applicable
Delivery & Returns
Standard Delivery
Only €4,99 (free over €100)
Delivered in 3-5 working days
Simple delivery for when you're not in a rush
- Standard price: €4.99 (free over €100)
- Delivered in 3-5 days (excluding bank holiday and weekends).
- You'll receive an order confirmation email after purchase.
- You'll receive a further email to confirm dispatch.
- Your order will arrive between 8:30am-5:30pm.
- If we miss you we'll leave a calling card so you can easily rearrange delivery.
- Has your parcel gone missing? Please wait up to 5 working days after ordering, then contact our customer service team.
Next Day Delivery
Only €7,99
Order before 1pm Monday to Thursday
- Place your order before 3pm (Monday-Thursday) for next day delivery*
- If you order after 1pm on a bank holiday Monday, your order will arrive the following Wednesday*
- You'll receive an order confirmation email followed by a further email / text, the day of delivery, to confirm the hour you can expect your delivery to arrive
- A signature is required as proof of delivery
- If we miss you we'll leave a calling card so you can easily rearrange delivery
Please note:
*Whilst we will endeavour to fulfil all next day deliveries within the expected timeframe, there may be occasions where courier failures or unexpected events, such as extreme weather conditions or IT system failures, mean that this is not possible and we are therefore unable to guarantee next-day delivery times. We will always work hard to keep any issues to a minimum and will proactively remove the service or adjust the cut-off times to minimise any disruption to you. In the event of any issues arising we will contact you with further details of delays whenever possible.
Not quite right? Choose a returns method, print your label and send it off - it's that easy.
There are multiple FREE ways to return your order
You can return your order within one month of receiving it.
Returns must be sent back in the condition they were sold - unworn including any tags and packaging.
For hygiene reasons, we are unable to refund earrings, lingerie, or swimwear if worn. This returns policy does not affect your statutory rights.
Ireland Returns:
- Return your parcel through An Post with over 1,000 post office locations
- Register for a return label here
- Print and attach the label to your parcel
- Nearest An Post locations can be found here
Northern Ireland Returns:
- Simply print your returns label here.
- Then, drop your parcel at your local Customer Service Point or Post Office® branch.
- Your item will be fully tracked on its way back to us.
- Find your nearest branch here.
- You can create your returns label here in a few easy steps
- Processed within approximately 7 working days of receipt
- Drop your parcel off at one of 6,500 Collect+ stores nationwide.
- Click here to find your nearest Collect+ store or text 'collect' and your postcode to 84555
- Stick the returns label to the outside of your parcel and take it to your local Collect+ store
- The store will give you a proof of postage which will contain a tracking code so that you can check the status of your parcel
Ireland and Northern Ireland
- This is our fastest returns method
- You can return purchases from Warehouse.co.uk to any of our stand-alone stores (this excludes concessions in department stores)
- Click here to find your nearest Warehouse store
- Take your despatch note that is enclosed in your parcel. This acts as your receipt
- Please bring the payment method you used online with you. If the card is not registered to you, then the card holder must also be present to process the return
If you wish to return items to a Warehouse store, you must take them within one month of despatch, to one of our Warehouse stores using the despatch note enclosed in your parcel as your receipt. This is not available at any Warehouse concession or department store or within Europe.
Click here to find your nearest Warehouse store. For more about our Returns Policy, simply click here


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|Barcode Time and Attendance Quick Links:
|Why Use a Barcode Time and Attendance System?
|Management Benefits of Barcode Time and Attendance Systems
|How Barcode Time and Attendance Systems Work
|How to get started with Barcode Time and Attendance Systems
"Employees are our biggest asset". How many times have you heard that mantra?
The fact is that the production and cost associated with labor make up a significant portion of business cost. From a management perspective, labor costs need to be managed like other assets. The goal needs to be to maximize productivity while controlling costs. Like other assets, employees as business resources. Monitoring how productive they are, how much they cost, etc provide opportunities for saving money by maximizing their use.
Barcode technology is a natural fit for automating Time and Attendance tracking. Barcodes and barcode scanners offer a quick and accurate way for each employee to complete time-tracking transactions within Time and Attendance software. Time and Attendance software gives managers the ability to view employee attendance, performance and efficiency data. When the Time and Attendance software has the ability to log labor time against work operations and/or customer jobs, managers can get a complete picture of where labor time is spent.
Automated Time and Attendance systems build on and add to current time logging processes. Time clocks are replaced with automated barcode readers, allowing the employee to perform the function of "clocking in" in a way very similar than they did before. The difference is that the data is digitized and stored on a computer - eliminating the need for paper time cards. With a Barcode Time and Attendance Tracking system, employees can quickly and accurately enter labor transaction detail data - what they're working on and for how long. This detailed data allows you to see exactly how labor resources are expended.
Lets answer the question: "Why Use a Barcode Time and Attendance System" .
© Copyright 2020 by Carolina Barcode Inc.


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Church Window CanterburyOur button magnets offers you much fun in the office and home. Suitable as fridge magnets or on writing boards, these lightweight mylar protected button magnets are a great little decorative accessory. Magnet measures 3" in diameter.
If you order more than 50 pcs items (can be combined), please click here to contact us for whole price quotation, please include the SKU# and the quantity you want for each of them. For order less than 50 pcs, please order directly from our website.


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Template:Article summary start Template:Article summary text Template:Article summary heading Template:Article summary wiki Template:Article summary end
- 1 Installation
- 2 Running
- 3 Equalizer
- 4 Backend Configuration
- 5 Desktop Environments
- 6 Applications
- 7 Troubleshooting
- 7.1 No sound after install
- 7.2 Bluetooth headset replay problems
- 7.3 Automatically switch to Bluetooth or USB headset
- 7.4 Pulse overwrites ALSA settings
- 7.5 Daemon startup failed
- 7.6 padevchooser
- 7.7 Glitches, skips or crackling
- 7.8 Choppy sound
- 7.9 Volume adjustment does not work properly
- 7.10 Volume gets louder every time a new application is started
- 7.11 No mic on ThinkPad T400/T500/T420
- 7.12 No mic input on Acer Aspire One
- 7.13 Sound output is only mono on M-Audio Audiophile 2496 sound card
- 7.14 Static Noise in Microphone Recording
- 7.15 My Bluetooth device is paired but does not play any sound
- 7.16 Subwoofer stops working after end of every song
- 7.17 Pulseaudio uses wrong microphone
- 8 External links
- Required PKG: pulseaudio
- Optional GUIs: paprefs and pavucontrol
- Optional volume control via mapped keyboard keys: pulseaudio_ctlAUR
- Optional console mixer: pamixer-gitAUR
- Optional system tray icon: pasystray-gitAUR
In the unlikely event that pulseaudio is not automatically called upon entering X, it can can be started with:
$ pulseaudio --start
pulseaudio: error while loading shared libraries: libltdl.so.7: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory you need to install libltdl
PulseAudio can be stopped with:
$ pulseaudio --kill
Newer pulseaudio versions have an intergrated 10-band equalizer system. In order to use the equalizer do the following:
Load equalizer sink module
$ pactl load-module module-equalizer-sink
Install and run the gui frontend
# pacman -S --needed python2-pyqt
$ qpaeq
Load equalizer module on every boot
Edit the file
/etc/pulse/default.pa with your favorite editor and append the following lines:
### Load the integrated pulseaudio equalizer module load-module module-equalizer-sink
Backend Configuration
- Recommended PKG: pulseaudio-alsa
- Optional PKGs: lib32-libpulse and lib32-alsa-plugins
For the applications that do not support PulseAudio and support ALSA it is recommended to install the PulseAudio plugin for ALSA. This package also contains the necessary
/etc/asound.conf for configuring ALSA to use PulseAudio.
To prevent applications from using ALSA's OSS emulation and bypassing Pulseaudio (thereby preventing other applications from playing sound), make sure the module
snd_pcm_oss is not in the
MODULES array in
/etc/rc.conf. If it is currently loaded, disable it by executing:
# rmmod snd_pcm_oss
There are multiple ways of making OSS-only programs play to PulseAudio:
Recommended PKG: ossp
Start osspd with:
rc.d start osspd
Afterwards, add it to DAEMONS in rc.conf.
padsp wrapper
Programs using OSS can work with PulseAudio by starting it with padsp:
$ padsp OSSprogram
A few examples:
$ padsp aumix $ padsp sox foo.wav -t ossdsp /dev/dsp
One can also rename the program OSSprogram-bin and replace it with a script like this:
#!/bin/sh if test -x /usr/bin/padsp; then exec /usr/bin/padsp /usr/bin/OSSprogram-bin "$@" else exec /usr/bin/OSSprogram "$@" fi
To make GStreamer use PulseAudio, execute
gstreamer-properties (part of gnome-media package) and select PulseAudio Sound Server in both Audio Input and Output. Alternatively, this can be done by setting the gconf variables
/system/gstreamer/0.10/default/audiosink to pulsesink and
/system/gstreamer/0.10/default/audiosrc to pulsesrc:
$ gconftool-2 -t string --set /system/gstreamer/0.10/default/audiosink pulsesink $ gconftool-2 -t string --set /system/gstreamer/0.10/default/audiosrc pulsesrc
Some applications (like Rhythmbox) ignore the audiosink property, but rely instead on musicaudiosink, which cannot be configured using
gstreamer-properties but needs to be manually set using
gconf-editor or the
$ gconftool-2 -t string --set /system/gstreamer/0.10/default/musicaudiosink pulsesink
OpenAL Soft should use PulseAudio by default, but can be explicitly configured to do so:
Edit the libao configuration file:
PulseAudio is a drop-in replacement for the enlightened sound daemon (ESD). While PulseAudio is running, ESD clients should be able to output to it without configuration.
Desktop Environments
General X11
/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d/pulseaudio or the files in
/etc/xdg/autostart/ if users have some DE installed.
Check to see if PulseAudio is running:
$ ps aux | grep pulse facade 1794 0.0 0.0 360464 6532 ? S<l 15:33 0:00 /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start facade 1827 0.0 0.0 68888 2608 ? S 15:33 0:00 /usr/lib/pulse/gconf-helper
If Pulseaudio is not running and users are using X, the following will start PulseAudio with the needed the X11 plugins manually:
$ start-pulseaudio-x11
If you are not running Gnome, KDE or XFCE and your
~/.xinitrc does not source the scripts in
/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d (such as is done in the example file
/etc/skel/.xinitrc) then you can launch PulseAudio on boot by adding the following line to ~/.xinitrc:
As of GNOME 3, GNOME fully integrates with PulseAudio and no extra configuration is needed.
PulseAudio is not a drop-in replacement for aRts. Users of KDE 3 cannot use PulseAudio. However note, recent versions of puleaudio may have eliminated the prohibition:
See: http://www.pulseaudio.org/wiki/PerfectSetup KDE 3 uses the artsd sound server by default. However, artsd itself can be configured to use an Esound backend. Edit kcmartsrc (either in /etc/kde or /usr/share/config for global configuration or .kde/share/config to configure only one user) like this:
[Arts] Arguments=\s-F 10 -S 4096 -a esd -n -s 1 -m artsmessage -c drkonqi -l 3 -f NetworkTransparent=true SuspendTime=1
KDE 4 and Qt4
PulseAudio, it will be used by KDE4/Qt4 applications. For more information see the KDE page in the PulseAudio wiki.
One useful tidbit from that page is to add
load-module module-device-manager to
Additionally, the kdeplasma-addons-applets-veromixAUR is available in the AUR as a KDE alternative to pavucontrol.
Applications running under XFCE4 can take advantage of Pulseaudio. To manage Pulseaudio settings you can use pavucontrol.
Audacious natively supports PulseAudio. In order to use it, set Audacious Preferences -> Audio -> Current output plugin to 'PulseAudio Output Plugin'.
Java/OpenJDK 6
Create a wrapper for the java executable using padsp as seen on the Java sound with Pulseaudio page.
Music Player Daemon (MPD)
configure MPD to use PulseAudio.
MPlayer natively supports PulseAudio output with the "
-ao pulse" option. It can also be configured to default to PulseAudio output, in
~/.mplayer/config for per-user, or
/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf for system-wide:
Skype (x86_64 only)
Install lib32-libpulse, otherwise the following error will occur when trying to initiate a call: "Problem with Audio Playback".
No sound after install
Bad configuration files
If after starting pulseaudio, the system outputs no sound, it may be necessary to delete the contents of
~/.pulse. Pulseaudio will automatically create new configuration files on its next start.
Flash Content
Since Adobe Flash does not directly support PulseAudio the recommended way is to configure ALSA to use the virtual PulseAudio soundcard.
Alternatively no sound from flash content may be fixed by installing libflashsupport-pulseAUR from the AUR (not recommended as it seems to make the flash plugin crash rather frequently).
lib32-libpulse is another PKG users can consider if on a 64-bit Arch and using [multilib]'s flashplugin:
# pacman -S lib32-libcanberra-pulse lib32-alsa-plugins
No cards
If PulseAudio starts, run
pacmd list. If no cards are reported, make sure that the ALSA devices are not in use:
$ fuser -v /dev/snd/* $ fuser -v /dev/dsp
Make sure any applications using the pcm or dsp files are shut down before restarting PulseAudio.
The only device shown is "dummy output"
This may be caused by different reasons, one of them being the .asoundrc file in $HOME is taking precedence over the systemwide /etc/asound.conf.
The user file is modified also by the tool asoundconf or by its graphical variant asoundconf-gtk (the latter is named "Default sound card" in the menu) as soon as it runs. Prevent the effects of .asoundrc altogether by commenting the last line like this:
It may be that another output device set as preferred in phonon. Make sure that every setting reflects the preferred output device at the top, and check the playback streams tab in kmix to make sure that applications are using the device for output.
Muted audio device
If one experiences no audio output via any means while using ALSA, attempt to unmute the sound card. To do this, launch alsamixer and make sure each column has a green 00 under it (this can be toggled by pressing 'm')
$ alsamixer -c 0
Bluetooth headset replay problems
Some user report huge delays or even no sound when the bluetooth connection does not send any data. This is due to an idle-suspend-module that puts the related sinks/sources automatically into suspend. As this can cause problems with headset, the responsible module can be deactivated.
1. cp /etc/pulse/default.pa ~/.pulse/default.pa 2. comment out the "load-module module-suspend-on-idle" line in ~/.pulse/default.pa 3. pulseaudio -k && pulseaudio --start
Automatically switch to Bluetooth or USB headset
Add the following to your /etc/pulse/default.pa:
# automatically switch to newly-connected devices load-module module-switch-on-connect
Pulse overwrites ALSA settings
Pulseaudio usually overwrites the ALSA settings- for example set with alsamixer- at start up, even when the alsa daemon is loaded. Since there seems to be no other way to restrict this behaviour, a workaround is to restore the alsa settings again after pulseaudio had started. Add the following command to
.bash_login or any other autostart file:
restore_alsa() { while [ -z "`pidof pulseaudio`" ]; do sleep 0.5 done alsactl -f /var/lib/alsa/asound.state restore } restore_alsa &
Daemon startup failed
Try resetting PulseAudio. To do that:
$ pulseaudio --kill $ killall pulseaudio $ killall -9 pulseaudio $ rm -rf ~/.pulse* $ rm -rf /tmp/pulse*
Afterwards, start PulseAudio again.
If one cannot launch the PulseAudio Device Chooser, first (re)start the Avahi daemon as follows:
$ rc.d restart avahi-daemon
Glitches, skips or crackling
The PulseAudio sound server uses a timer-based audio scheduling instead of the traditional interrupt-driven approach. Timer-based scheduling may expose issues in some ALSA drivers. To turn timer-based scheduling off, replace the line:
load-module module-udev-detect
/etc/pulse/default.pa by:
load-module module-udev-detect tsched=0
Then restart the PulseAudio server.
Choppy sound
Choppy sound in pulsaudio can result from wrong settings for the sample rate in
/etc/pulse/daemon.conf. Try changing the line
; default-sample-rate = 44100
default-sample-rate = 48000
and restart the PulseAudio server.
If one experiences choppy sound in applications using openAL, change the sample rate in /etc/openal/alsoft.conf:
frequency = 48000
Volume adjustment does not work properly
If the volume does not appear to increment/decrement properly using
alsamixer or
amixer, it may be due to pulseaudio having a larger number of increments (65537 to be exact). Try using larger values when changing volume (e.g.
amixer set Master 655+).
Volume gets louder every time a new application is started
Per default, it seems as if changing the volume in an application sets the global system volume to that level instead of only affecting the respective application. Applications setting their volume on startup will therefore cause the system volume to "jump".
Fix this by uncommenting
flat-volumes = no
and then restarting PulseAudio by executing
pulseaudio --kill && pulseaudio --start
When Pulse comes back after a few seconds, applications will not alter the global system volume anymore but have their own volume level again.
$HOME/.pulse/default.pa which can also cause maximized volume trouble. Comment that out as needed.
No mic on ThinkPad T400/T500/T420
alsamixer -c 0
Maximize the volume of/unmute the "Internal Mic".
Once you see the device with
arecord -l
you might still need to adjust the settings. The microphone and the audio jack are duplexed. Set the configuration of the internal audio in pavucontrol to Analog Stereo Duplex.
No mic input on Acer Aspire One
Install pavucontrol, unlink the microphone channels and turn down the left one to 0. Reference: http://getsatisfaction.com/jolicloud/topics/deaf_internal_mic_on_acer_aspire_one#reply_2108048
Sound output is only mono on M-Audio Audiophile 2496 sound card
Add the following to /etc/pulseaudio/default.pa:
load-module module-alsa-sink sink_name=delta_out device=hw:M2496 format=s24le channels=10 channel_map=left,right,aux0,aux1,aux2,aux3,aux4,aux5,aux6,aux7 load-module module-alsa-source source_name=delta_in device=hw:M2496 format=s24le channels=12 channel_map=left,right,aux0,aux1,aux2,aux3,aux4,aux5,aux6,aux7,aux8,aux9 set-default-sink delta_out set-default-source delta_in
Static Noise in Microphone Recording
If we are getting static noise in skype, gnome-sound-recorder, arecord, etc.'s recordings then the sound card samplerate is incorrect. That is why there is static noise in linux microphone recordings. To fix this We need to set sample-rate in /etc/pulse/daemon.conf for the sound hardware.
1. Determine soundcards in the system
This requires alsa-utils and related packages to be installed:
$ arecord --list-devices
**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices **** card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 0: ALC888 Analog [ALC888 Analog] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 2: ALC888 Analog [ALC888 Analog] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
soundcard is hw:0,0
2. Determine sampling-rate of the sound card
arecord -f dat -r 60000 -D hw:0,0 -d 5 test.wav
"Recording WAVE 'test.wav' : Signed 16 bit Little Endian, Rate 60000 Hz, Stereo Warning: rate is not accurate (requested = 60000Hz, got = 96000Hz) please, try the plug plugin
observe, the got = 96000Hz, this is the max sample-rate of our card.
3. Setting the soundcard's sampling rate into pulse audio configuration
the default sample-rate in pulseaudio is
grep "sample-rate" /etc/pulse/daemon.conf
; default-sample-rate = 44100
It is 44100 and is disabled. Let us set our sound card's settings into pulseaudio configuation file
su -c "sed 's/; default-sample-rate = 44100/default-sample-rate = 96000/g' -i /etc/pulse/daemon.conf"
Let us verify the changes to deamon.conf
grep "sample-rate" /etc/pulse/daemon.conf
default-sample-rate = 96000
and it is done.
4. Restart pulseaudio to apply the new settings
pulseaudio --kill pulseaudio --start
5. Finally check by recording and playing it back
Let us record some voice using mic for say 10 seconds. Make sure the mic is not muted and all
arecord -f cd -d 10 test-mic.wav
After 10 seconds, let us play the recording...
aplay test-mic.wav
Now hopefully, there is no static noise in microphone recording anymore.
My Bluetooth device is paired but does not play any sound
See the article in Bluetooth section
Subwoofer stops working after end of every song
Known issue: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/494099
To fix this, must edit:
/etc/pulse/daemon.conf and enable
enable-lfe-remixing :
enable-lfe-remixing = yes
Pulseaudio uses wrong microphone
If Pulseaudio uses the wrong microphone, and changing the Input Device with Pavucontrol did not help, take a look at alsamixer. It seems that Pavucontrol does not always set the input source correctly.
$ alsamixer
press F6 and choose your sound card, e.g. HDA Intel. Now press F5 to display all items. Try to find the item:
Input Source. With the up/down arrow keys you are able to change the input source.
Now try if the correct microphone is used for recording.
External links
- http://www.pulseaudio.org/wiki/PerfectSetup - A good guide to make your configuration perfect
- http://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/Asoundrc - Alsa wiki on .asoundrc
- http://www.pulseaudio.org/ - PulseAudio official site
- http://www.pulseaudio.org/wiki/FAQ - PulseAudio FAQ


text:
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An autopsy is a surgical procedure to examine the body and its internal organs after death.
Reasons for Procedure
An autopsy is not done after every death. An autopsy may be done at the request of the family or doctor. Reasons for autopsy include:
- To answer questions about the health (prior to death) of the deceased
- To determine the exact cause of death
- To resolve legal or medical concerns
What to Expect
Prior to Procedure
Before an autopsy, there must be positive identification of the body. An autopsy permit must be signed by the legal next-of-kin. The body is transported to the morgue and held in a refrigeration unit until the autopsy.
Description of the Procedure
Autopsies follow this general procedure:
- External examination—The body is measured. Any abnormality of the body surface is recorded.
Opening the body:
Major OrgansCopyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
- A Y-shaped cut is made in the skin. It starts at the front of each shoulder and goes around the navel and down to the pubic bone. The skin, muscle, and soft tissues are separated from the chest wall.
- Each side of the rib cage is cut to provide access to the heart and lungs.
- The abdominal muscle is moved to expose the abdominal organs.
- Organ removal—Using special techniques, the organs are cut and removed from the body. All organs (heart, lungs, liver, intestines, stomach, pancreas, kidneys, spleen, and pelvic organs) and the major arteries are examined individually. They are weighed, washed, and dissected as necessary. Some tissue samples may be removed for further lab examination.
- Brain removal—A deep cut is made into the scalp. The incision runs from behind one ear, over the crown of the head, to behind the other ear. Skin and soft tissues are peeled down across the face in the front to the nape of the neck in the back. A cut is made through the skull. The brain is lifted and placed in a preserving solution for 2 weeks. This makes it firmer and easier to handle.
The body is sewn back together after the autopsy is complete. Procedures vary regarding organ replacement. Dissected organs may be returned to the body or incinerated. If the organs are not returned to the body, the mortician will put filler in the body cavity to retain the body's shape.
Immediately After Procedure
Tissue samples may be sent to a lab for analysis. Results are available within a few weeks. A final autopsy report is usually completed in 30 to 60 days.
How Long Will It Take?
The autopsy typically takes 2-4 hours, depending on the reason and level of complexity.
Getting Autopsy Results
Contact your local Medical Examiner's office on how to request an autopsy report.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Michael Woods, MD, FACP
- Review Date: 11/2018 -
- Update Date: 12/20/2014 -


text:
The touch represents the heart of iOS interaction; it provides the core way that users communicate their intent to an application. Touches are not limited to button presses and keyboard interaction. You can design and build applications that work directly with users' gestures in meaningful ways. This article introduces direct manipulation interfaces that go far beyond prebuilt controls. I show how to create views that users can drag around the screen. I also discuss how to distinguish and interpret gestures, which are a high-level touch abstraction, and gesture recognizer classes, which automatically detect common interaction styles like taps, swipes, and drags.
Cocoa Touch implements direct manipulation in the simplest way possible: It sends touch events to the view you're working with. As an iOS developer, you tell the view how to respond. Before jumping into gestures and gesture recognizers, you should gain a solid foundation in this underlying touch technology. It provides the essential components of all touch-based interaction.
Each touch conveys information: where the touch took place (both the current and previous location), what phase of the touch was used (essentially mouse down, mouse moved, and mouse up in the desktop application world, corresponding to finger or touch down, moved, and up in the direct-manipulation world), a tap count (for example, single-tap/double-tap), and when the touch took place (through a time stamp).
iOS uses a responder chain to decide which objects should process touches. As the name suggests, responders are objects that respond to events and they act as a chain of possible managers for those events. When the user touches the screen, the application looks for an object to handle this interaction. The touch is passed along, from view to view, until some object takes charge and responds to that event.
At the most basic level, touches and their information are stored in
UITouch objects, which are passed as groups in
UIEvent objects. Each object represents a single touch event, containing single or multiple touches. This depends both on how you've set up your application to respond (that is, if you've enabled multi-touch interaction), and how the user touches the screen (that is, the physical number of touch points).
Your application receives touches in view or view-controller classes; both implement touch handlers via inheritance from the
UIResponder class. You decide where to process and respond to touches. Trying to implement low-level gesture control in nonresponder classes has tripped up many new iOS developers.
Handling touches in views may seem counterintuitive. You probably expect to separate the way an interface looks (its view) from the way it responds to touches (its controller). Further, using views for direct touch interaction may seem to contradict Model-View-Controller design orthogonality, but it can be necessary and help promote encapsulation.
Consider the case of working with multiple touch-responsive subviews, such as game pieces on a chess board. Building interaction behavior directly into view classes allows you to send meaningful, semantically rich feedback to your main application while hiding implementation minutia. For example, you can inform your model that a pawn has moved to Queen's Bishop 5 at the end of an interaction sequence, rather than transmit a meaningless series of vector changes. By hiding the way the game pieces move in response to touches, your model code can focus on game semantics instead of view position updates.
Drawing presents another reason to work in the
UIView class. When your application handles any kind of drawing operation in response to user touches, you need to implement touch handlers in views. Unlike views, view controllers don't implement the all-important
drawRect: method needed for providing custom presentations.
Working at the view-controller level also has its perks. Instead of pulling out primary handling behavior into a secondary class implementation, adding touch management directly to the view controller allows you to interpret standard gestures, such as tap-and-hold or swipes, where those gestures have meaning. This better centralizes your code and helps tie controller interactions directly to your application model.
In the following sections and recipes, I discuss how touches work, how you can incorporate them into your apps, and how you connect what a user sees with how that user interacts with the screen.
Touches have life cycles. Each touch can pass through any of five phases that represent the progress of the touch within an interface. These phases are as follows:
UITouchPhaseBegan Starts when the user touches the screen.
UITouchPhaseMoved Means a touch has moved on the screen.
UITouchPhaseStationary Indicates that a touch remains on the screen surface, but that there has not been any movement since the previous event.
UITouchPhaseEnded Gets triggered when the touch is pulled away from the screen.
UITouchPhaseCancelled Occurs when the iOS system stops tracking a particular touch. This usually occurs due to a system interruption, such as when the application is no longer active or the view is removed from the window.
Taken as a whole, these five phases form the interaction language for a touch event. They describe all the possible ways that a touch can progress or fail to progress within an interface, and provide the basis for control for that interface. It's up to you as the developer to interpret those phases and provide reactions to them. You do that by implementing a series of responder methods.
Touches and Responder Methods
All subclasses of the
UIResponder class, including
UIView and
UIViewController, respond to touches. Each class decides whether and how to respond. When choosing to do so, they implement customized behavior when a user touches one or more fingers down in a view or window.
Predefined callback methods handle the start, movement, and release of touches from the screen. Corresponding to the phases you've already seen, the methods involved are as follows. Notice that
UITouchPhaseStationary does not generate a callback.
touchesBegan:withEvent: Gets called at the starting phase of the event, as the user starts touching the screen.
touchesMoved:withEvent: Handles the movement of the fingers over time.
touchesEnded:withEvent: Concludes the touch process, where the finger or fingers are released. It provides an opportune time to clean up any work that was handled during the movement sequence.
touchesCancelled:WithEvent: Called when Cocoa Touch must respond to a system interruption of the ongoing touch event.
Each of these is a
UIResponder method, often implemented in a
UIView or
UIViewController subclass. All views inherit basic nonfunctional versions of the methods. When you want to add touch behavior to your application, you override these methods and add a custom version that provides the responses your application needs.
Your classes can implement all or just some of these methods. For real-world deployment, you will always want to add a touches-cancelled event to handle the case of a user dragging his or her finger offscreen or the case of an incoming phone call, both of which cancel an ongoing touch sequence. As a rule, you can generally redirect a canceled touch to your
touchesEnded:withEvent: method. This allows your code to complete the touch sequence, even if the user's finger has not left the screen. Apple recommends overriding all four methods as a best practice when working with touches.
Note that views have an exclusive touch mode that prevents touches from being delivered to other views in the same window. When enabled, this property blocks other views from receiving touch events. The primary view handles all touch events exclusively.
Touching Views
When dealing with many onscreen views, iOS automatically decides which view the user touched and passes any touch events to the proper view for you. This helps you write concrete direct-manipulation interfaces where users touch, drag, and interact with onscreen objects.
Just because a touch is physically on top of a view doesn't mean that a view has to respond. Each view can use a "hit test" to choose whether to handle a touch or to let that touch fall through to views beneath it. As you see in the recipes that follow, you can use clever response strategies to decide when your view should respond, particularly when you're using irregular art with partial transparency.
With touch events, the first view that passes the hit test opts to handle or deny the touch. If it passes, the touch continues to the view's superview and then works its way up the responder chain until it is handled or until it reaches the window that owns the views. If the window does not process it, the touch moves to the application instance, where it is either processed or discarded.
iOS supports both single- and multi-touch interfaces. Single-touch GUIs handle just one touch at any time. This relieves you of any responsibility to determine which touch you were tracking. The one touch you receive is the only one you need to work with. You look at its data, respond to it, and wait for the next event.
When working with multi-touch that is, when you respond to multiple onscreen touches at once you receive an entire set of touches. It is up to you to order and respond to that set. You can, however, track each touch separately and see how it changes over time, providing a richer set of possible user interaction. Recipes for both single-touch and multi-touch interaction follow later in this article.
Gesture Recognizers
With gesture recognizers, Apple added a powerful way to detect specific gestures in your interface. Gesture recognizers simplify touch design. They encapsulate touch methods, so you don't have to implement them yourself, and provide a target-action feedback mechanism that hides implementation details. They also standardize how certain movements are categorized, as drags or swipes, and so forth.
With gesture-recognizer classes, you can trigger callbacks when iOS perceives that the user has tapped, pinched, rotated, swiped, panned, or used a long press. Although their software development kit (SDK) implementations remain imperfect, these detection capabilities simplify development of touch-based interfaces. You can code your own for improved reliability, but most developers will find that the recognizers, as shipped, are robust enough for many application needs. You'll find several recognizer-based recipes in this article. Because recognizers all basically work in the same fashion, you can easily extend these recipes to your specific gesture recognition requirements.
Here is a rundown of the kinds of gestures that are built in to recent versions of the iOS SDK:
- Taps correspond to single or multiple finger taps onscreen. Users can tap with one or more fingers; you specify how many fingers you require as a gesture recognizer property and how many taps you want to detect. You can create a tap recognizer that works with single finger taps, or more nuanced recognizers that look, for example, for two-fingered triple-taps.
- Swipes are short, single- or multi-touch gestures that move in a single cardinal direction: up, down, left, or right. They cannot move too far off course from that primary direction. You set the direction you want your recognizer to work with. The recognizer returns the detected direction as a property.
- Pinches are when a user moves two fingers together. To pinch or unpinch, a user must move two fingers together or apart in a single movement. The recognizer returns a scale factor indicating the degree of pinching.
- Rotations are when a user moves two fingers at once either in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, producing an angular rotation as the main returned property.
- Pans occur when users drag their fingers across the screen. The recognizer determines the change in translation produced by that drag.
- Long presse are when the user touches the screen and holds his or her finger (or fingers) there for a specified period of time. You can specify how many fingers must be used before the recognizer triggers.
Adding a Simple Direct Manipulation Interface
Your design focus moves from the
UIViewController to the
UIView when you work with direct manipulation. The view, or more precisely the
UIResponder, forms the heart of direct manipulation development. You create touch-based interfaces by customizing methods that derive from the
UIResponder class.
Recipe 1 centers on touches in action. This example creates a child of
UIImageView, called
DragView, and adds touch responsiveness to the class. Being an image view, it's important to enable user interaction (that is, set
setUserInteractionEnabled to
YES). This property affects all the view's children as well as the view itself. User interaction is generally enabled for most views, but
UIImageView is the one exception that stumps most beginners; Apple apparently didn't think people would generally manipulate them.
Recipe 1 works by updating a view's center to match the movement of an onscreen touch. When a user first touches any
DragView, the object stores the start location as an offset from the view's origin. As the user drags, the view moves along with the finger always maintaining the same origin offset so that the movement feels natural. Movement occurs by updating the object's center. Recipe 1 calculates
x and
y offsets and adjusts the view center by those offsets after each touch movement.
Upon being touched, the view pops to the front. That's due to a call in the
touchesBegan:withEvent: method. The code tells the superview that owns the
DragView to bring that view to the front. This allows the active element to always appear foremost in the interface.
This recipe does not implement touches-ended or touches-cancelled methods. Its interests lie only in the movement of onscreen objects. When the user stops interacting with the screen, the class has no further work to do.
Recipe 1: Creating a draggable view.
@interface DragView : UIImageView { CGPoint startLocation; } @end @implementation DragView - (id) initWithImage: (UIImage *) anImage { if (self = [super initWithImage:anImage]) self.userInteractionEnabled = YES; return self; } - (void) touchesBegan:(NSSet*)touches withEvent:(UIEvent*)event { // Calculate and store offset, and pop view into front if needed startLocation = [[touches anyObject] locationInView:self]; [self.superview bringSubviewToFront:self]; } - (void) touchesMoved:(NSSet*)touches withEvent:(UIEvent*)event { // Calculate offset CGPoint pt = [[touches anyObject] locationInView:self]; float dx = pt.x - startLocation.x; float dy = pt.y - startLocation.y; CGPoint newcenter = CGPointMake( self.center.x + dx, self.center.y + dy); // Set new location self.center = newcenter; } @end
The full sample project for Recipe 1 and the five other recipes in this article are available online (navigate to the first folder to find them.)
Adding Pan Gesture Recognizers
With gesture recognizers, you can achieve the same kind of interaction shown in Recipe 1 without working quite so directly with touch handlers. Pan gesture recognizers detect dragging gestures. They allow you to assign a callback that triggers whenever iOS senses panning.
Recipe 2 mimics Recipe 1's behavior by adding a recognizer to the view when it is first initialized. As iOS detects the user dragging on a
DragView instance, the
handlePan: callback updates the view's center to match the distance dragged.
This code uses what might seem like an odd way of calculating distance. It stores the original view location in an instance variable (
previousLocation), then calculates the offset from that point each time the view updates with a pan detection callback. This allows you to use affine transforms or apply the
setTranslation:inView: method; you normally do not move view centers, as done here. This recipe creates a
dx/dy offset pair and applies that offset to the view's center, changing the view's actual frame.


text:
OK, OK ... so I keep saying that I'll be posting more and then I disappear again. Sorry for that. Still trying to figure out how to fit blogging back in to my schedule. The good news is that a lot of the time I used to spend sewing and blogging has been spent instead focusing on my health! I completed a 10-mile run this past weekend, which was fantastic.
As with all AGF Fat Quarter Gang giveaways, you must follow Art Gallery Fabrics on your favorite social media platform (Pinterest, Facebook, or Twitter). Subscribe to the AGF blog to stay up to date on all things AGF & the Fat Quarter Gang!
Winners of the last two giveaways will be posted later today!


text:
Psoriasis is a genetic condition and there are no guidelines for prevention
In general, outbreaks of psoriasis can be prevented, but it is difficult. However, avoiding or minimizing well-known triggers can help reduce the risk of an outbreak. These triggers include:
Stress: Maintaining emotional balance and avoiding stress are strongly recommended, as stress may be a trigger of psoriasis outbreaks. If you need support or assistance in reducing stress, you may want to try some of the following techniques:
- Counseling
- Psoriasis support groups
- Stress management classes
- Relaxation techniques
- Yoga
Weather exposure: If you have had psoriasis, try to protect your skin at all times from cold, dry weather conditions. Minimize outdoor exposure during cold weather. Conversely, although mild-to-moderate doses of ultraviolet (UV) light improves psoriasis, do not overexpose your skin to sunlight or develop a sunburn. Wear clothing that covers and protects your skin as much as possible, and hydrate the skin with baths and moisturizers after exposure. In addition to avoiding cold weather exposure, you can improve (or prevent) psoriasis symptoms by spending time in climates that are warm, humid, and sunny.
Skin injuries or trauma: Psoriasis outbreaks often occur in areas of the body that were previously injured. Prevention of cuts, burns, and other skin irritations may also help to prevent psoriasis flare-ups.
Infections: Although respiratory infections are often hard to avoid, doing so may help minimize your risk of a psoriasis flare-up. Your ability to fight off potential infection depends on maintaining good immune system function, which you can enhance by getting plenty of rest and eating a healthful diet.
Medications: Certain medications like beta-blocker antihypertensives, antimalarials, lithium, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may trigger a psoriasis flare-up. Be sure to tell your doctor that you have psoriasis when receiving a new medication.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Michael Woods MD, FAAP
- Review Date: 11/2018 -
- Update Date: 12/20/2014 -


text:
Rio De Janeiro Internacional to Brazil flights
Flight information Rio De Janeiro Internacional to Brazil
Cheapest return price last month
Direct airlines
Flights per week
Sao Paulo Guarulhos, Rio De Janeiro Internacional, Iguassu Falls, Salvador and others
283 airports
Cheapest flights to Brazil from Rio De Janeiro Internacional
About Skyscanner
Skyscanner is a leading global travel search site, a place where people are inspired to plan and book direct from millions of travel options at the best prices. We are unbiased and free, which means that you can trust us to find the best and cheapest Rio De Janeiro to Brazil flights.
Travelling to Brazil from Rio De Janeiro
Brazil is a rising travel destination for Filipinos with a lot of exciting things to do, places to see and a diverse culture to experience. Before embarking on your journey to Brazil, here are some travel tips from us at Skyscanner to help you prepare for your trip:
- Always check the visa requirements for Brazil on their official immigration website or the local embassy in the Philippines before your flight date.
- Since it is an international flight, you will need documents like passport, visa, ticket confirmation slip, etc. Ensure your passport has a validity of at least six months after your intended return date from Brazil.
- We recommend checking the weather forecast for Brazil before you fly so that you can prepare beforehand and pack the right clothes accordingly.
- Make sure you have your accommodation booked in advance. You can use Skyscanner Hotels to search, compare and book cheapest hotel deals in Brazil.
How to find the cheapest promo deals for Rio De Janeiro to Brazil flights?
- View the list of cities in Brazil from the above list and select your destination city
- Selecting the price button will then show you a calendar view that displays the rates found to fly from Rio De Janeiro to Brazil on those dates. Click "Show Flights" once you have decided on your travel date
- On the results page, you can view different flight offerings sorted by price, airline and schedule. Select the travel itinerary you would like to proceed with and continue to the booking page
- You can also create price alerts on your selected flight to ensure that you get the best prices when you book. Skyscanner will send you a notification as soon as the prices drop on the flight you are watching
- Don't forget to download the Skyscanner app to have the quickest, smoothest way of finding cheap flights and booking your trip.
Frequently asked Questions about flights to Brazil
- How do I book a flight from Rio De Janeiro to Brazil?
- You can either use the flight search on the top or select a destination from the list above by clicking on the price
- How do I find flights to a city in Brazil that is not on the list above?
- You can click on "Other places in Brazil" to see other cities that may not be on the list above. You can also use our flight search on the top of the page to directly find flights to your destination city
- How Skyscanner is different from online travel agents?
- Skyscanner search engine pulls flight prices from all the major airlines and online travel agents like Expedia, Trip.com, Cebu Pacific, Philippine Airlines, AirAsia, etc. Hence you don't have to check multiple websites to find the best price. Once you find your cheap flights & click to select, we link you directly to the airline or travel agent. No hidden charges, no added fees.
- Should I opt for on board food for my flight?
- Its suggested to opt for on board meals while flying to Brazil. Most international flights have meals included in the flight price. But it can vary with the airline and the cabin class so make sure to check what is included in the ticket before booking. Some airlines offer option to buy meals during the flight as well.
- What if I only want to see the direct flights to Brazil?
- You can select the checkbox 'Direct flights only' on the search panel above. This will filter the results and only show direct Rio De Janeiro to Brazil flights.
- How do I find flights going to multiple destinations in Brazil?
- To fly to more than one city in Brazil, you can do a multi-city search on our flight search function. Simply input the different cities and dates you would like to fly on your trip and we will provide the best flight combinations for you.
- How do I change my flight or booking details once I have booked my ticket?
- Depending on the travel partner and airline you booked with, there might be a fee incurred with making changes on your booked itinerary. Please contact the partner you booked with directly to find out more about the process and expected fees for this change.
Skyscanner is the world's travel search engine, helping you to find good deals on flights, hotels and car hire.
Prices shown on this page are estimated lowest prices only. Found in the last 45 days.


text:
Application of the Month: Konsole
As part of the March 2004 issue
Ctrl+T to open a new tab
Konsole is a great app and by far the best terminal emulator I have ever seen, but I never understood why I can't use the CTRL+T shortcut to open a new tab. I just get a visual bell signal, although I have assigned it in the options.
I thought it might be blocked because ctrl+t would be a bash shortcut (like ctrl+d is for instance), but it works in gnome-terminal
By fl at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
Ctrl+T is the readline (emacs mode) binding for transpose character.
By Will Newton at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
You can use Ctrl-N or Ctrl-Alt-N to open a new tab. It's one or the other, just can't remember which. This shortcut has been available for quite some time.
As an added bonus, you can hold down the Shift key and press the right and left arrow keys to navigate the tabs, similar to holding Alt and pressing left and right to navigate virtual consoles.
By Jared at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
Ctrl-Shift-N or similar. This is why I still prefer multi-gnome-terminal as terminal emulator: key-chains. Press Ctrl+L and any letter to perform action, no chords, no problems.
By m. at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
KDE in general supports key-chains (labelled multi-key mode) too, it's just not working in Konsole with Ctrl (#61667).
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
By m. at Tue, 2004/03/23 - 6:00am
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
does the trick.
By cascadefx at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
Hold down CTRL+SHIFT and press the left/right arrow keys to rearrange the order of the tabs.
By Mike at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
Or use middle mouse button.
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
The cvs digest said this was added this week.
By John Tapsell at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Ctrl+T to open a new tab
To konqueror. Not to konsole.
By Leo Savernik at Wed, 2004/03/24 - 6:00am
I know it's off topic, but I don't know where to look for information. The Spanish KDE website (KDE Hispano, es.kde.org, www.kdehispano.org) is down (ans has been down for about a week now). Does anyone have any news on this?
By j00z at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: ES.kde.org?
It's back online now.
By Anonymous at Wed, 2004/04/14 - 5:00am
Thank you Lars !
I can't even imagine my life without using konsole ;-). It brought so much sanity to my everyday work. I always keep several shells open: one for root, two or three in different projects I am working on, one on a remote machine, etc. I switch back and forth, change fonts if needed, etc. Lovely app.
Cheers !
By MandrakeUser at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Thank you Lars !
I you like Konsole, you should give "screen" a try someday... it has too many features to list here, but it's enough to say that it is the most underrated unix utility there ever was.
By Pedro at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Thank you Lars !
imo screen lacks a feature for easy scrolling. Shift+PgUp/PgDn is much more convenient.
By Dominic at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Thank you Lars !
screen keeps a configurable number of lines in each virtual terminal buffer. You can see previous screensful by typing "^Z[esc]" (thus entering copy-mode), and using your page-up, page-down, up ,and down keys. Press any non-copy-mode key ("Z" works) to go back to normal mode.
I'll note that I use screen *with* konsole. One ssh session in konsole per host, each with its own screen session.
By Chris Goldman at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Thank you Lars !
Same here ... recursive screen's gets a little hard to use ...
By Pedro at Tue, 2004/03/23 - 6:00am
Re: Thank you Lars !
Yes, but Shift + Page Up/Down is much, much easier :) The following line in ~/.screenrc does the trick for me:
termcapinfo xterm [email protected]:[email protected]
By Gaute Hvoslef K... at Tue, 2004/03/23 - 6:00am
Re: Thank you Lars !
Very nice, thank you.
By Dominic at Tue, 2004/03/23 - 6:00am
[email protected]
Super cool.
By Bruce Edge at Thu, 2006/03/23 - 6:00am
Re: Thank you Lars !
some questions
I use Konsole most of time. It is great! But I found that I don't see many features in my computer:
I don't have Bookmarks Menu in my Konsole. I don't have Settings->Save Sessions Profile...
I use RedHat 7.3. KDE 3.?
Thank you very much for your help
By xs at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: some questions
RedHat 7.3 shipped with KDE 3.0.0 which has its second anniversary next week.
By Anonymous at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: some questions
you may type the following in a konsole to see what version you are running:
rpm -qa |grep kde
Or even simpler, go to " Help -> about " in any kde app (assuming RedHat didn't modified these help entries)
In the end, yes, you'll need to update both your OS and KDE version to have the latest features ...
By MandrakeUser at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: some questions
> In the end, yes, you'll need to update both your OS and KDE version to have the latest features ...
Why should he update his whole desktop environmen? He just needs one app updated.
-> Just download konsole and do "./configure; make; checkinstall"
Oh, wait, it's KDE! MandrakeUser is right, you have to update your whole desktop environment. That's one of the reasons, KDE has not jet reached 50% (unix) market share.
By Hans Chen at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: some questions
> Oh, wait, it's KDE! MandrakeUser is right, you have to update your whole
Uh Uh, I didn't mean any of these assertions. KDE is one of the two big Linux desktops, I understand it is the most popular but I couldn't care less. It just works great for me.
Now, you might be able to compile konsole by itself if your kdelibs' version is greater than 3. I am not sure though. However, I recommended upgrading the whole desktop environment simply because the original poster is certainly several features everywhere. And it is much faster and safer, at least in mandrake, to upgrade the whole kde than compiling stuff by yourself.
By MandrakeUser at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: some questions
This is not about KDE. It's a general fact that programs require the minimum version of libraries which offer the functionality they depend on. Troll elsewhere.
Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
Konsole is a great application, and I use it quite extensively every day. However, one thing bugs me about it that I cannot seem to resolve. Prior to KDE 3.1, selecting (highlighting) text in Konsole would automatically copy it to the clipboard. From there, I could go to any other application, and use the Paste function to paste it (in addition to the standard X11 method of middle-clicking).
As of 3.1, however, this functionality was changed so that text is not automatically copied to the clipboard; you have to manually click Edit, Copy to be able to then use the Paste function in another application to copy/paste text. Yes, you can still middle-click, but this is often limiting (middle-clicking to paste text in a browser's URL bar, for example, is an awful experience - you highlight the text you want to copy/paste, click on the URL bar (which automatically highlights the current URL to delete it) and then you paste... the same URL that you already had loaded.)
I presume this change was made as a convenience, which I can understand, but I can't figure out any way to change it back. Basically, I'd like to do one of two things - either revert the behavior back to it's pre-3.1 style, or just be able to manually copy the text I have highlighted (eg., a hotkey sequence like Ctrl-C). I've tried the hotkey method before, but that didn't want to work for me either.
Any suggestions on this? Thanks.
By Jared at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
You can configure your very own shortcuts via the settings menu. Just don't use Ctrl-C, that's pretty much reserved in a console.
Also, you don't have to paste an URL in the address bar, just middle click somewhere in the browser window. Konqueror will then open the URL. Beats Ctrl-V hands down, in my opinion.
Cheers, Fogger
By Jan Felix Reuter at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
I found this link while trying to figure out why pasting something like this;
into konsole results in only
being pasted in.
This behavior sucks and I am at a loss to configure it away or even explain it.
By Steve Wray at Mon, 2004/09/13 - 5:00am
Re: Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
I like Konsole too. But I still do not know how to config the setting to make the copy/paste working.
I use WindowsXP, VNC, and Linux (VNC). I would like be able to copy/paste text between windows and Linux Konsole, also between Konsole in one VNC to another Konsole in another VNC.
My environment could copy/paste texts between windows and xterms. The text could also be copy/paste between xterm and Konsole in one VNC.
I would be appreciate that someone could give me a solution.
Best regards
By Jonathan Su at Sat, 2005/12/10 - 6:00am
Re: Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
The copy / paste works by adding two lines to xstartup:
/home/gnu/vnc-4.0/bin/vncconfig -nowin &
By Jonathan Su at Fri, 2005/12/16 - 6:00am
Re: Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
Just to point out that you can select an URL and then middle-click it anywhere into a Konqueror window and it will load that page.
By Ricardo Cruz at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
I think this is a setting in Klipper (assuming you're running it). Look in "configure Klipper...", and choose "Synchronise contents of the clipboard and the selection". This reverts to pre-3.1 behaviour (for me).
By martinc at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
"Synchronise contents of the clipboard and the selection" is an
By Jon Gabrielson at Tue, 2004/03/30 - 6:00am
Re: Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
Ok, I figured it out. I disabled klipper and then restarted X
By Jon Gabrielson at Tue, 2004/03/30 - 6:00am
Re: Copy/Paste behavior in Konsole
There's now an option in Klipper to synchronize copy and select. I was having the same problem, so I found this thread and just enabled it instead of quitting Klipper altogether.
By Archon810 at Thu, 2007/08/16 - 5:00am
Wow, great app, a black screen with text. Really cool guys.
I wonder why Konsole shows up as app of the month all the time,
By OI at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Konsole??
I haven't noticed it being app of the month before.
I think you're ranting :-)
By jeremy at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Konsole??
If you don't like white text on black background, change it! There are several predefined color schemes, including several transparent themes.
By David Johnson at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Konsole??
How Proprietary! Predefined Schemes!
What if we don't like the four preconfigured transparent schemes we get? What if we want to make it fit in with our desktop? I guess we have to suffer, eh? Or vote for some OTHER console! Anybody ever tried ATerm?
By Chibix at Thu, 2004/08/05 - 5:00am
Re: Konsole??
> What if we don't like the four preconfigured transparent schemes we get?
Create new ones with the scheme editor.
By Anonymous at Thu, 2004/08/05 - 5:00am
Re: Konsole??
There are a huge number of indispensable utilities available in the command line. Nothing beats a shell for admin work, programming, etc. Nothing. Even Microsoft is enhancing their command line stuff. These users may be over represented right now among linux users. I don't hear them denigrating people for using and prefering graphical tools to draw pictures. Why have a heavy weight application when a simple lightweight shell utility works best?
For those who need it, Konsole is very nice.
By Derek Kite at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Konsole??
A little further and maybe a rant.
In my work, among other things I maintain digital control systems for buildings and refrigeration plants. Invariably they come with some pretty graphical displays. Note I said maintain, not install. There is a reason for that. They are sold on the premise that pretty pictures will help the unskilled maintain their systems. I can't lie very well, so I can't sell them. But I digress. The graphical screens are inevitably useless for the technicians that maintain the systems. They only show things, maybe accurately, maybe not. To fix problems require white text on black, or the inverse. Changing configuration, reprogramming, etc. And what happens is the graphical screens, which are an expensive useless addon, get out of sync with what is happening in the system. We don't maintain them since the software to do so is hugely expensive and proprietary, and the customers can't see any payback anyways. So they end up being an expensive boat anchor.
Graphical programming is very expensive in resources, manpower and engineering. In some situations the costs are worth it. Most times they are not, especially with embedded controls with limited hardware. What that means is the graphical effort takes resources away from the basic and necessary stuff, like control algorithms, hardware design, etc. What we end up with is a pretty useless piece of junk.
So don't go ragging on command line tools. They work. That alone puts them above 95% of everything else. And when money is on the line, I'll go for what works. That way I may get paid for my effort.
By Derek Kite at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: Konsole??
I certainly don't think anyone was ragging on console-based tools, Derek. It is no doubt a valuable tool for many people.
By anon at Tue, 2004/03/23 - 6:00am
Re: Konsole??
Expensive and proprietary to keep the graphical environment up to date? Jesus, sounds like Linux needs a lot of work. If they're such boat-anchors, maybe it's time to change the operating systems. You could go with a version that comes without X11, maybe? Maybe if all you GOT was white text on a black screen, They'd be less boat-anchory?
Then again, You never have problems with Microsoft Operating Systems getting "Out of Sync" with themselves, since the graphical environment Only Reflects what is true in the command-line.
Hey, Go with BeOS if you want something impressive, though. Then you don't have to worry about tools for graphical maintenance because the company's dead! They won't be MAKING any more tools! =D FUN!
By Chibix at Thu, 2004/08/05 - 5:00am
Re: Konsole??
Heh, I love it, anybody who uses a command line is a 'hacker'. Perhaps you'd be more comfortable using Microsoft Bob.
Or Just wait until they come out with computers with only one button, that comes pre-pressed at the factory?
Or mabye you'd like to scrap the written word altogether and go back to crude cave paintings?
By Tom at Tue, 2004/03/23 - 6:00am
konsole title
Does anyone know how to get konsole to set the last executed command to konsole's window title. For example issuing the command 'find /' would set the title as "[email protected]: find /" or for telnet sessions to other hosts like "[email protected]".
By larry at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am
Re: konsole title
It appears this can't be done (from bash, at least). The shell command that can be used to get the last command - fc -l - could potentially work, *except* that it appears the last command isn't entered into the history at the time the prompt is prepared. (Try setting PROMPT_COMMAND to "fc -ln|tail -1" - you'll see not the last command, but the one before that.)
The closest one can get is to put $_ in PS1; unfortunately this is only the last argument to the last command, so it only works if the command had no arguments. (i.e. for 'find / -name foo', you'd get just 'foo').
By Grant McDorman at Mon, 2004/03/22 - 6:00am


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Michele Kelemen
A former NPR Moscow bureau chief, Michele Kelemen now covers the State Department and Washington's diplomatic corps. Her reports can be heard on all NPR News programs, including Morning Edition and All Things Considered.
In her latest beat, Kelemen has been traveling with Secretary of State Hillary Clinton from Asia to the Middle East and Europe, tracking the Obama administration's broad foreign policy agenda. She also followed the two previous Secretaries of State Condoleezza Rice and Colin Powell and was part of the NPR team that won the 2007 Alfred I. DuPont-Columbia University Award for coverage of the war in Iraq.
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Your phone model is: Nokia 1508
Version for your phone is: UC Browser 184.108.40.206
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Change phone model:
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