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Principal Proposed Uses
Other Proposed Uses
The climbing ivy that adorns the sides of buildings has a long history of traditional medicinal use. Herbalists used ivy for such disparate conditions as arthritis, bronchitis, dysentery, and whooping cough. Topical applications of the herb were used for skin problems such as lice, eczema, and sunburn.
What is Ivy Leaf Used for Today?
Ivy leaf is one of many herbs used in Europe as an expectorant, a substance said to thin mucous and thereby loosen coughs. (In the United States, the herbal product guaifenesin takes this role in almost all over-the-counter cough formulas.) Germany's Commission E has approved ivy leaf for treatment of mucous in the respiratory passages. 1 On this basis, it is often recommended for asthma , acute bronchits , chronic bronchitis , colds and flus , and other respiratory problems. Unfortunately, there is almost no evidence that ivy leaf (or, indeed, any other expectorant) actually offers meaningful benefits. 2-4
Only one double-blind , placebo-controlled study of ivy leaf has been reported. (For information on why double-blind, placebo-controlled studies are essential to prove a treatment effective, see Why Does This Database Rely on Double-blind Studies? ) In this study, a total of 24 children with asthma received either placebo or ivy leaf extract twice a day for a period of 3 days. 5 The results showed modest improvement in asthma symptoms as measured by formal testing.
Other studies on ivy leaf compared various forms of the product to each other, and thereby do not prove anything about efficacy. 4 One double-blind study found ivy leaf equally effective as the expectorant drug ambroxol for chronic bronchitis8 ; however, because ambroxol itself has not been proven effective, this study proves little. 3,6
A typical dose of standardized ivy leaf extract is 25 drops twice per day in children or 50 or more drops twice per day in adults.
Safety Issues
Fairly extensive monitoring indicates that ivy leaf rarely causes any noticeable side effects. 7 Nausea and vomiting are possible with excessive doses, or in very susceptible people. Ivy leaf is not recommended during pregnancy due to its emetine content. 8
Safety in pregnant or nursing women, young children, or people with severe liver or kidney disease has not been established.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


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Everyone knows how exciting camping in a truck can be. Moving Companies That Pack And Unpack in Soweto nothing can be better than enjoying the nature by yourself. Having your own spacious ride further supplements the experience. Sleeping in your own truck while enjoying the fresh air is an amazing thing to do if traveling is in your blood. However, it is imperative to have a truck bed tent to ensure a pleasant camping experience. Often we consider securing the tent on the ground using ropes. Setting up such tent can be inconvenient.
Truck bed tents come with a number of benefits that every camper is well aware of. Nevertheless, Removal Companies there are numerous options available in the market when it comes to purchasing a Tacoma bed tent. This creates confusion while choosing the best one. Here are some factors everyone must consider while purchasing a truck bed tent: Type There is a wide variety of truck tents to choose from but the ideal one depends entirely on the type of ride. Additional cargo space hatchback tents are the most appropriate for smaller SUVs and vehicles.
Tents designed for pickup trucks can be utilized as well but it is advisable to go for a model that is easier to install. Universal camping tents are available for frequent travelers that can fit on any type and size of the vehicle. Size Size is an important factor to take into account. Even though the size of the tent will depend on your vehicle but make sure you choose a truck bed tent that has enough space for you to sleep comfortably. One of the general rules you can apply while purchasing your option is that select a truck bed tent that has the capacity to accommodate more than one needed.
Becoming a Furniture Mover
Durability It is important to look into how durable a truck bed tent is. During the camping experience, you will face harsh climate. There are models designed to protect from external aspects. Go for wind-proof, water-proof and stormproof models. This will enhance the overall comfort. Moreover, Find Moving Service the overall durability also affects how long your tent will last. If you consider your truck bed tent as an investment, then go for the most durable option in the market. Seasonality Truck bed tents are also designed according to their seasonality. There are usually three season tents in common.
These tents are designed for camping in summer, spring and fall. They are designed to maintain good airflow with sufficient ventilation. Four season tents are designed to resist snow and a bit of cold as well. If you want a tent for camping in winters, then choose four season tent. Features Not all truck bed tents are designed in the same manner. All are not created equal. Each tent has different features associated with it. A tent featuring more facilities would cost a bit higher. Nevertheless, consider the height and length of the truck. This will depend on how tall you are. Another important consideration contains tent poles. Normally, the poles are made of lightweight and durable material like fibreglass and aluminium. Choose tent poles that are ideal for camping.
Aluminum poles are the most common option since they can withstand heavy winds. In today's day and age, we have a plethora of options to select from when it comes to purchasing Tacoma bed tents. There is a wide variety available each of them coming with its own set of features. However, consider the options above and make sure you choose it from a reputable retailer. Selecting the right option would enhance the overall experience. Conclusion: If you want to buy a new truck bed tent then you must have to follow the above-mentioned things in this way you will get a good truck bed tent that will fit your needs.
Moving Companies That Pack And Unpack in Soweto ?
With the rapid change in time also brought the modern way of communication which has made us familiar with the term "Social Media". It is a kind of technology that simplifies the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks. It is an ability to bring people together. Organizations have been engaged in numerous events that can be carried out through social media to get customer brilliance by capturing VOC to gain customer insights. Social networks are now an extensive part of every marketing strategy, and the benefits of using social media are so great that it can bring phenomenal marketing opportunity. Social media has now become the most accepted option when it comes to market various products and services. It is the biggest channel of exchanging different but meaningful information which can also be in the form of conversations. It is important to be aware of when and what is the information to be shared through social media in order to have an effective and an efficient way of communication. Stated below are some of the key benefits of Social Media Management 1. You get enable to reach out to the right or targeted customers. According to the study, almost 2.34 billion people in the world are connected through Social Media. You can target the right audience with different casts, cultures, and locations. 2. Learn How to Connect with Your Audience through Social Listing: Social listening is the act of observing various conversations happening around different issues. It also helps you to understand what the targeted audience is and also identify the latest trend your target audience is following. It will also make you aware of the pain area of your customer and how effective you can deal with those problems. 3. Enhance the brand image of your company: This is one of the significant areas. It is always important to update your product detail or some other activity related to the brand, daily, weekly or on a monthly basis, according to the need. This activity will certainly increase engagement as more and more people will get active on your social media page and understand well about the company and the product. 4. Be competitive: Businesses have started adopting social media as one of the vital sources of online marketing. According to business experts, benefits of social media marketing majorly helps in making your brand more competitive in the market 5. Increase customer loyalty: This will only be possible by ensuring that all the queries or customer feedback are completely understood by the social media team and accordingly replied without any delay. This activity will help in gaining trust over the credibility of your business 6. Social Media can also help in increasing traffic to your business website. This practice will definitely be beneficial and if continue can generate fruitful and positive results for your business and simultaneously achieve higher page ranking with the use of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) 7. Increase in conversion rate: Social media management allows your business to give an optimistic impression. When any brands are interactive by sharing content, commenting, and status posting on social media, it personalizes a brand. Due to huge price involved in traditional marketing or print media, studies have also shown better conversion ratio while using social media. 8. Social Media Management is indeed very cost effective as compared to other marketing strategies which will definitely give greater ROI (Return on Investment) At the end, I would like to conclude by putting up my opinion and to focus more on social media management tools for the effective business approach. The sooner you start, the sooner you'll see growth in your business.
Furniture Movers
Many people struggle with the question of whether it is worth the cost of hiring piano movers. Often, they don't even explore the option because they assume that the cost will be prohibitive. But if you don't ask, you don't know for sure what the cost will be.
By the pure act of hiring separate movers, there will be an additional charge. But your furniture movers will then not charge you because they won't be dealing with the piano at all. It is the net cost that is the true price of moving the piano.
Depending on where you live, charges will vary based on cost of living, competition, experience, and a whole host of other factors. The best way to get a handle on what piano movers charge in your area is to call around and get a bunch of quotes to compare. You will also want to get a separate quote from your furniture movers for the relocation of the piano. Do not have the price bundled in with the cost of moving the rest of your belongings.
Seasons may be another consideration in the cost. If it is a busy time of year for business, piano moving companies have more leverage to charge more.
And you must also consider insurance. Good, reputable piano movers are insured or may charge additional for insurance. It is always better to protect yourself against accidental damages.
In the end it may cost more for specialized piano movers but the peace of mind gained is priceless.

subset: commoncrawl


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Axis Cube - Black Body
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The Axis Cube is made from a high quality black plastic. The object of this puzzle is to scramble up all 6 sides and then return it back to its starting position. This cube has a very unique design so that that when it is rotated it very quickly changes shape, making it much harder to figure out how to put it back to normal. The Axis Cube is one of many great puzzles created by QJ Magic Cube.
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- S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe)
- Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables
- Cetylated Fatty Acids
- Acupuncture
- Ayurveda
- Boswellia
- Bromelain
- Capsaicin
- Cat's Claw
- Chinese Herbal Medicine
- Chinese Skullcap
- Comfrey (topical)
- Devil's Claw
- Ginger
- Green-lipped Mussel
- Krill Oil
- Methyl Sulfonyl Methane (MSM)
- Multimineral Supplement
- Niacinamide
- Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins (Pine Bark Extract)
- Proteolytic Enzymes
- Rose Hips
- Velvet Antler
- White Willow
- Zinc
- Balneotherapy
- Bee Venom
- Magnet Therapy
- Manual Therapy
- Prolotherapy
- Relaxation Therapies
- Tai Chi
- Yoga
Probably Ineffective Treatments
In osteoarthritis, the cartilage in joints has become damaged, disrupting the smooth gliding motion of the joint surfaces. The result is pain, swelling, and deformity.
The pain of osteoarthritis typically increases with joint use and improves at rest. For reasons that aren't clear, although x-rays can find evidence of arthritis, the level of pain and stiffness experienced by people does not match the extent of injury noticed on x-rays.
Many theories exist about the causes of osteoarthritis, but we don't really know what causes the disease. Osteoarthritis is often described as "wear and tear" arthritis. However, evidence suggests that this simple explanation is not correct. For example, osteoarthritis frequently develops in many joints at the same time, often symmetrically on both sides of the body, even when there is no reason to believe that equal amounts of wear and tear are present. Another intriguing finding is that osteoarthritis of the knee is commonly (and mysteriously) associated with osteoarthritis of the hand. These factors, as well as others, have led to the suggestion that osteoarthritis may actually be a body-wide disease of the cartilage.
During one's lifetime, cartilage is constantly being turned over by a balance of forces that both break down and rebuild it. One prevailing theory suggests that osteoarthritis may represent a situation in which the degrading forces get out of hand. Some of the proposed natural treatments for osteoarthritis described later may inhibit enzymes that damage cartilage.
When the cartilage damage in osteoarthritis begins, the body responds by building new cartilage. For several years, this compensating effort can keep the joint functioning well. Some of the natural treatments described below appear to work by assisting the body in repairing cartilage. Eventually, however, building forces cannot keep up with destructive ones, and what is called end-stage osteoarthritis develops. This is the familiar picture of pain and impaired joint function.
The conventional medical treatment for osteoarthritis consists mainly of anti-inflammatory drugs, such as naproxen and Celebrex. The main problem with anti-inflammatory drugs is that they can cause ulcers. Another possible problem is that they may actually speed the progression of osteoarthritis by interfering with cartilage repair and promoting cartilage destruction. 1-5 In contrast, two of the treatments described below might actually slow the course of the disease, although this has not been proven.
Principal Proposed Natural Treatments
Several natural treatments for osteoarthritis have a meaningful, though not definitive, body of supporting evidence indicating that they can reduce pain and improve function. In addition, there is some evidence that glucosamine and chondroitin might offer the additional benefit of helping to prevent progressive joint damage.
Inconsistent evidence hints that glucosamine can reduce symptoms of mild to moderate arthritis; a small amount of evidence indicates that regular use can slow down the gradual worsening of arthritis that normally occurs with time.
Glucosamine is widely accepted as a treatment for osteoarthritis. However, the supporting evidence that it works is somewhat inconsistent, with several of the most recent studies failing to find benefit. Two types of studies have been performed: those that compared glucosamine against placebo and those that compared it against standard medications.
In the placebo-controlled category, one of the best trials was a 3-year, double-blind study of 212 people with osteoarthritis of the knee. 21 Participants receiving glucosamine showed reduced symptoms as compared to those receiving placebo.
Benefits were also seen in other double-blind, placebo-controlled studies, enrolling a total of more than 800 people and ranging in length from 4 weeks to 3 years. 10,14,101,103,104,138, 182
Other double-blind studies enrolling a total of more than 400 people compared glucosamine against ibuprofen and found glucosamine equally effective as the drug. 11,16,18
However, most recent studies have not shown benefit. In four studies involving a total of almost 500 people, use of glucosamine failed to improve symptoms to any greater extent than placebo. 19,20,99,139 And the list goes on. A study involving 222 participants with hip osteoarthritis, 2 years of treatment with glucosamine was no better than placebo at improving pain or function. 196 Another study involving 147 women with osteoarthritis found glucosamine to be no more effective than home exercises over an 18-month period. 198 A third study evaluated the effects of stopping glucosamine after taking it for 6 months. In this double-blind trial of 137 people with osteoarthritis of the knee, participants who stopped using glucosamine (and, unbeknownst to them, took placebo instead) did no worse than people who stayed on glucosamine. 140 In a fourth, very large (1,583-participant) study neither glucosamine (as glucosamine hydrochloride) nor glucosamine plus chondroitin was more effective than placebo. 152 Another study also failed to find benefit with glucosamine plus chondroitin. 187 And finally, in a systematic review including10 randomized trials involving 3,803 patients with osteoarthritis of hip or knee,researchers found that glucosamine alone, chondroitin alone, or the combination of glucosamine and chondroitin did not improve pain. 202
It appears that most of the positive studies were funded by manufacturers of glucosamine products, and most of the studies performed by neutral researchers failed to find benefit. 188
Many popular glucosamine products combine this supplement with methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). One study published in India reported that both MSM and glucosamine improve arthritis symptoms as compared to placebo, but that the combination of MSM and glucosamine was even more effective than either supplement separately. 138 However, India has not yet achieved a reputation for conducting reliable medical trials.
Two studies reported that glucosamine can slow the progression of osteoarthritis. However, as with the positive studies of glucosamine for reducing symptoms, both of these studies were funded by a major glucosamine manufacturer.
A 3-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 212 individuals found indications that glucosamine may protect joints from further damage. 21 Over the course of the study, individuals given glucosamine showed some actual improvement in pain and mobility, while those given placebo worsened steadily. Furthermore, x-rays showed that glucosamine treatment prevented progressive damage to the knee joint.
A separate 3-year study enrolling 202 people found similar results. 101
Furthermore, a follow-up analysis 5 years after the conclusion of the above two studies found suggestive evidence that use of glucosamine reduced the need for knee replacement surgery. 190
However, the aforementioned study involving 222 patients with osteoarthritis of the hip failed to show any significant change on x-ray findings following 2 years of glucosamine treatment compared to placebo. 196
Glucosamine appears to stimulate cartilage cells in the joints to make proteoglycans and collagen, two proteins essential for the proper function of joints. 6-10 Glucosamine may also help prevent collagen from breaking down. 33
For more information, including dosage and safety issues, see the full Glucosamine article.
Chondroitin Sulfate
As described in the previous section, the supplement chondroitin is often combined with glucosamine. Several studies have evaluated chondroitin used alone, as well, with some positive results, both for improving symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. On balance, however, the evidence for chondroitin's effectiveness for osteoroarthritis remains inconsistent. 197
According to some but not all double-blind, placebo-controlled studies chondroitin may relieve symptoms of osteoarthritis.
One study enrolled 85 people with osteoarthritis of the knee and followed them for 6 months. 34 Participants received either 400 mg of chondroitin sulfate twice daily or placebo. At the end of the trial, doctors rated the improvement as good or very good in 69% of those taking chondroitin sulfate but in only 32% of those taking placebo.
Another way of comparing the results is to look at maximum walking speed among participants. Whereas individuals in the chondroitin group were able to improve their walking speed gradually over the course of the trial, walking speed did not improve at all in the placebo group. Additionally, there were improvements in other measures of osteoarthritis, such as pain level, with benefits seen as early as 1 month. This suggests that chondroitin was able to stop the arthritis from gradually getting worse.
Good results were seen in a 12-month, double-blind trial that compared chondroitin against placebo in 104 individuals with arthritis of the knee, 35 as well as in a 12-month trial of 42 participants. 36
Another interesting study evaluated intermittent or "on and off" use of chondroitin. 121 In this study, 120 people received either placebo or 800 mg of chondroitin sulfate daily for two separate 3-month periods over a year. The results showed that even when taken this way, use of chondroitin improved symptoms.
Benefits were also seen in two short-term trials involving a total of about 240 individuals. 37,38
Generally positive results were also seen in other studies, including one that found chondroitin about as effective as the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac. 40-42
However, a very large (1,583-participants) and well-designed study failed to find either chondroitin or glucosamine plus chondroitin more effective than placebo. 153 When this study is pooled together with the two other best designed trials, no overall benefit is seen. 185 Yet another study also failed to find benefit with glucosamine plus chondroitin. 187 It has been suggested that chondroitin, like glucosamine, may primarily show benefit in studies funded by manufacturers of chondroitin products.
Some evidence suggests that, like glucosamine, chondroitin might slow the progression of arthritis.
An important feature of the study of 42 individuals mentioned previously was that the individuals taking a placebo showed progressive joint damage over the year, but among those taking chondroitin sulfate no worsening of the joints was seen. 43 In other words, chondroitin sulfate seemed to protect the joints of osteoarthritis sufferers from further damage.
A longer and larger double-blind, placebo-controlled trial also found evidence that chondroitin sulfate can slow the progression of osteoarthritis. 44 One hundred and nineteen people were enrolled in this study, which lasted a full 3 years. Thirty-four of the participants received 1,200 mg of chondroitin sulfate per day; the rest received placebo. Over the course of the study researchers took x-rays to determine how many joints had progressed to a severe stage.
During the 3 years of the study, only 8.8% of those who took chondroitin sulfate developed severely damaged joints, whereas almost 30% of those who took placebo progressed to this extent.
Similar long-term benefits were seen in two other studies, enrolling a total of more than 200 people. 45,122
Additional evidence comes from animal studies. Researchers measured the effects of chondroitin sulfate (administered both orally and via injection directly into the muscle) in rabbits, in which cartilage damage had been induced in one knee by the injection of an enzyme. 46 After 84 days of treatment, the damaged knees in the animals that had been given chondroitin sulfate had significantly more cartilage left than the knees of the untreated animals. Taking chondroitin sulfate by mouth was as effective as taking it through an injection.
Looking at the sum of the evidence, it does appear that chondroitin sulfate may actually protect joints from damage in osteoarthritis. However, the scientific record suffers from a paucity of truly independent researchers.
For more information, including dosage and safety issues, see the full Chondroitin article.
S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe)
A substantial body of scientific evidence indicates that S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) can relieve symptoms of arthritis. 50,203 Numerous double-blind studies involving more than a thousand participants in total suggest that it is approximately as effective for this purpose as standard anti-inflammatory drugs.
One of the best double-blind studies enrolled 732 patients and followed them for 4 weeks. 205 Over this period, 235 of the participants received 1,200 mg of SAMe per day, while a similar number took either placebo or 750 mg daily of the standard drug naproxen. The majority of these patients had experienced moderate symptoms of osteoarthritis of either the knee or of the hip for an average of 6 years.
The results indicate that SAMe provided as much pain-relieving effect as naproxen and that both treatments were significantly better than placebo. However, differences did exist between the two treatments. Naproxen worked more quickly, producing readily apparent benefits at the 2-week follow-up, whereas the full effect of SAMe was not apparent until 4 weeks. By the end of the study, both treatments were producing the same level of benefit.
In a double-blind study that compared SAMe against the new anti-inflammatory drug Celebrex (celecoxib), once more, the drug worked faster than the supplement, but in time both were providing equal benefits. 123
Evidence regarding slowing the progression of arthritis is, at present, limited to studies involving animals rather than people. 52,53
For more information, including dosage and safety issues, see the full SAMe article.
Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables (ASUs)
Special extracts of avocado and soybeans called avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASUs) have been investigated as a treatment for osteoarthritis with very promising results in studies enrolling a total of several hundred people. 85-92,125
For example, in a double-blind trial, 260 individuals with arthritis of the knee were given either placebo or ASU at 300 or 600 mg daily. 93 The results over 3 months showed that use of ASU significantly improved arthritis symptoms as compared to placebo. There was no significant difference seen between the two doses tested.
ASU was evaluated in a review of randomized trials. ASU was associated with significant pain reduction (300 and 600 mg) and improved function (300 mg). There were no differences found with ASU (300 mg) use after 1 year. 211
Thus far, however, it does not appear that ASU can slow the progression of osteoarthritis. 126
Cetylated Fatty Acids
A type of naturally occurring fatty acid called cetylated fatty acids have shown growing promise for osteoarthritis. It is used both as a topical cream and as an oral supplement.
Three double-blind placebo-controlled studies have found cetylated fatty acids helpful for osteoarthritis . Two involved a topical product, and one used an oral formulation.
In one of the studies using the cream, 40 people with osteoarthritis of the knee applied either cetylated fatty acid or placebo to the affected joint. 128 The results over 30 days showed greater improvements in range of motion and functional ability among people using the real cream than those using the placebo cream. In another 30-day study, also enrolling 40 people with knee arthritis, use of cetylated fatty acid cream improved postural stability, presumably due to decreased pain levels. 145 In addition, a 68-day, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 64 people with knee arthritis tested an oral cetylated fatty acid supplement (the supplement also contained lesser amounts of lecithin and fish oil .) 147 Participants in the treatment group experienced improvements in swelling, mobility and pain level as compared to those in the placebo group. Inexplicably, the study report does not discuss whether or not side effects occurred. While this is a promising body of research, it is far from definitive. Current advertising claims for cetylated fatty acids go far beyond the existing evidence. For example, a number of websites claim that cetylated fatty acids are more effective than glucosamine or chondroitin . However, no comparison studies have been performed upon which such a claim could be rationally based.
For more information, including dosage and safety issues, see the full Cetylated Fatty Acid article.
Acupuncture has shown inconsistent benefit as a treatment for osteoarthritis. 72,102,108,109,148,154,169,171,179,191,192,200,206
A 2006 meta-analysis (systematic statistical review) of studies on acupuncture for osteoarthritis found 8 trials that were similar enough to be considered together. 192 A total of 2,362 people were enrolled in these studies. The authors of the meta-analysis concluded that acupuncture should be regarded as an effective treatment for osteoarthritis.
However, as it happens, one study comprised almost half of all the people considered in this meta-analysis, and it failed to find real acupuncture more effective than sham acupuncture. In this study, published in 2006, 1,007 people with knee osteoarthritis were given either real acupuncture, fake acupuncture, or standard therapy over 6 weeks. 169 Though both real acupuncture and fake acupuncture were more effective than no acupuncture, there was no significant difference in benefits between the two acupuncture groups. In general, larger studies are more reliable than small ones. For this reason, it is always somewhat questionable when meta-analysis combines one very large negative study and a number of smaller positive ones to come up with a positive outcome.
Another review, published in 2007, nuanced its conclusions differently. 189 It concluded that real acupuncture produces distinct benefits in osteoarthritis as compared to no treatment, but that fake acupuncture is very effective for osteoarthritis too. When comparing real acupuncture to fake acupuncture, the difference in outcome—while it might possibly be statistically significant—is so trivial as to make no difference in real life. In other words, virtually all of the benefit of acupuncture for osteoarthritis is a placebo effect.
A similar effect was found in another review of 11 randomized trials. Acupuncture decreased pain in people with osteoarthritis pain compared to those who had sham acupuncture or no treatment. Follow-up ranged from 1-12 months. 207
Slight statistical difference between real and fake acupuncture could easily have been due to problems of single-blind studies. Acupuncturists who know they are performing real acupuncture may subconsciously convey more confidence to their patients than those who know they are performing fake acupuncture. The history of medical studies makes it clear that such unconscious communications can greatly affect results; since, in fact, the evidence shows only a minute difference between the results of real and fake acupuncture, it is quite possible that this transmission of confidence (or lack of it) is the entire cause of the difference, and that the specific techniques and theories of acupuncture themselves play no role at all.
This may explain why a reliable randomized trial with 252 people found that acupuncture (needle and laser) did not improve knee pain or function when compared to sham acupuncture. When acupuncture was compared to no treatment, it demonstrated statistical improvement, but the clinical effects were minimal for the person being treated. 212
A review of 12 randomized trials with 1,763 adults with hip pain, compared acupuncture, to sham acupuncture, no treatment, or usual care for a period of 2-12 weeks. While there were significant improvements in pain and mobility, the degree of change may not be significant to patient. 213
For more information, see the full Acupuncture article.
Other Proposed Natural Treatments
Other Treatments
A 6-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 247 individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee evaluated a combination herbal product containing ginger and the Asian spice galanga ( Alpinia galanga ). 94 The results showed that participants in the ginger/galanga group improved to a significantly greater extent than those receiving placebo. However, despite news reports claiming that this study proves ginger effective for osteoarthritis, it only provides information on the effectiveness of the herbal combination. The two double-blind studies performed on ginger alone were small and produced contradictory results. 95,127 Another study found that massage combined with the topical application of essential oils made from ginger and orange was no better than massage plus olive oil in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. 199 In a review of 5 randomized trials, ginger was associated with a reduction in pain and disability in patients with active osteoarthritis compared to placebo. The trials had several limitations, including high dropout rates and small sample sizes. These limitations can affect overall results.215
A 3-week double-blind study of 220 people with osteoarthritis of the knee found that use of a cream containing the herb comfrey reduced symptoms significantly more than a placebo cream. 181
The herb white willow contains the aspirin-like substance salicin. A 2-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 78 individuals with arthritis found evidence that willow extracts can relieve osteoarthritis pain. 69 However, another double-blind study enrolling 127 people with osteoarthritis found white willow less effective than a standard anti-inflammatory drug and no more effective than placebo. 142 Again, the likely explanation for these contradictory results is that white willow at usual doses provides relatively modest benefits.
As noted above, the supplement methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM) has shown promise for osteoarthritis when taken along with glucosamine. 138 Besides that study, benefits were also seen in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 50 people with osteoarthritis, utilizing MSM at a dose of 3 g twice daily. 155 However, in a comprehensive review of 6 studies involving 681 patients with osteoarthritis of knee, researchers concluded it is not yet possible to convincingly determine whether or not either DSMO or MSM is beneficial. 197
A randomized trial with 200 patients found collagen hydrolysate significantly reduced joint pain when compared to placebo. Patients, who were followed for 6 months, were over 50 years old with hip, knee, elbow, shoulder or lumbar spine pain. 208
Other treatments with incomplete supporting evidence from double-blind trials include Ayurvedic herbal combination therapy , 81,174cat's claw , 100 a proprietary complex of minerals with or without cat's claw, 156devil's claw , 65,66,157-158proteolytic enzymes , 97,98,159,160rose hips , 143,161-162,188soy protein, 150 and vitamin B 3 . 64
The therapeutic effects of boswellia were evaluated in a review of 4 randomized trials. It was associated with significant pain reduction and improved physical function. 211
Traditional Chinese herbal medicine has also shown some promise for osteoarthritis. However, one study that compared a commonly used Chinese herbal product (Duhuo Jisheng Wan) to the drug diclofenac found that the herb worked more slowly than the drug, yet produced about an equal rate of side effects.
Chinese skullcap ( Scutellaria baicalensis ) combined with Acacia catechu was found to provide short-term relief of pain, stiffness, and range of motion similar to naproxen. The 79 participants of the trial were overweight or obese, aged 40-90 years old, and were randomized to either the herbal supplement or naproxen. No placebo group was tested which means its unclear if themedicaiton or supplment was a significant benefit. 214
In a randomized trial, GCSB-5 (a combination of 6 dried herbs) was as safe and effective as a prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (celecoxib) in treating knee osteoarthritis. 210
Growing but definitive evidence suggests that the natural substance hyaluronic acid may help reduce osteoarthritis symptoms when it is injected directly into an affected joint. 163-166,173,195 However, there is absolutely no reason to believe that oral hyaluronic acid should help, and one study failed to show any significant benefit. 194
Incomplete and inconsistent evidence from human and animal studies only weakly suggests that green-lipped mussel might alleviate osteoarthritis symptoms. 82-84,130-136,167 A badly designed human study hints that krill oil might be helpful as well. 184
One double blind study involving dogs found some evidence of benefit with elk velvet antler . 137
Numerous other herbs and supplements sometimes recommended for osteoarthritis include: beta-carotene , boron , cartilage , chamomile , copper , dandelion , D-phenylalanine , feverfew , molybdenum , selenium , turmeric , and yucca . However, there is little to no evidence as yet that these treatments are effective.
Other studies provide limited evidence that certain supplements proposed for osteoarthritis do not work. For example, a 2-year, double-blind study of 136 people with knee arthritis found vitamin E ineffective for either reducing symptoms or slowing the progression of the disease. 118 In addition, a 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 77 people with osteoarthritis failed to find any symptomatic benefit with vitamin E. 96 Similarly, in a large (almost 400-participant) 5-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, use of injected mesoglycan failed to slow the progression of osteoarthritis. 119 A fairly small study failed to find the enzyme bromelain helpful for reducing symptoms. 175
Prolotherapy is a special form of injection therapy that is popular among some alternative practitioners. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the effects of 3 prolotherapy injections (using a 10% dextrose solution) at 2-month intervals in 68 people with osteoarthritis of the knee. 110 At 6-month follow-up, participants who had received prolotherapy showed significant improvements in pain at rest and while walking, reduction in swelling, episodes of "buckling," and range of flexion, as compared to those who had received placebo treatment. The same research group performed a similar double-blind trial of 27 individuals with osteoarthritis in the hands. 111 The results at 6-month follow-up showed that range of motion and pain with movement improved significantly in the treated group as compared to the placebo group.
Several double-blind, placebo-controlled studies suggest that pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, a special form of magnet therapy , can improve symptoms of osteoarthritis. 112-115 One small study provides extremely weak supporting evidence for the more ordinary form of magnet therapy: static magnets. 124 A subsequent much larger study of static magnets failed to find real magnets more effective than placebo magnets, but a manufacturing error may have obscured genuine benefits (some people in the placebo group were accidentally given active magnets). 149 In yet another placebo-controlled trial, the use of a magnetic knee wrap for 12 weeks was associated with a significant increase in quadriceps (thigh muscle) strength in patients with knee osteoarthritis. 201
Limited evidence supports the use of bee venom injections for osteoarthritis. 168 Hot water therapy ( balneotherapy ), 176-180, 186relaxation therapies , 172 and various forms of exercise , including hatha yoga and tai chi , have also all shown some promise. 117,173,183,193 However, for none of these therapies is the supporting evidence convincing.
In a 2011 review of the literature, researchers analyzed 4 studies investigating the benefits of manual therapy (including massage therapy, joint mobilization, and manipulation ) for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. 204 The results were inconclusive. Although one of the studies (involving 68 people) did find that massage therapy helped to improve pain and function, it was compared to no intervention rather than another treatment or a placebo.
Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) are chemicals derived from pine bark extract. Three trials, which were part of a larger systematic review, hinted at the possible effectiveness of OPCs in treating osteoarthritis of the knee. 205
Leech saliva has anesthetizing, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilating properties. In a randomized crossover trial of 52 patients with knee osteoarthritis, one application of leech therapy was associated with improvements in pain, function and overall symptoms compared to one-time transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Patients switched therapies after 42 days and were followed for an additional 21 days after the second treatment. Only about three-quarters of the patients completed the study. 209
For a discussion of homeopathic approaches to osteoarthritis, see the Homeopathy Database .
Herbs and Supplements to Use Only With Caution
Various herbs and supplements may interact adversely with drugs used to treat osteoarthritis. For more information on this potential risk, see the individual drug article in the Drug Interactions section of this database.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 10/14/2016 -


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Supplement Forms/Alternate Names
- Psyllium Fiber; Plantago ovate ; Plantaginis ovatae testa ; Plantaginis ovatae Semen; Indian Plantago; Ispagol; Ispaghul; Pale Psyllium; Spogel; Blonde Psyllium
Principal Proposed Uses
Other Proposed Uses
- Diarrhea ; Cholesterol ; Heart Disease; Diabetes ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Psyllium is a fiber that comes from a plant called Plantago ovata (blonde psyllium). The plant has tiny, gel-coated seeds. Psyllium is found in the seeds' husk. Psyllium is soluble, meaning that it can dissolve in water. When preparing psyllium for commercial use, the seeds are first harvested and cleaned. In some formulations, the husks are separated from the seeds and processed; in others, the husk remains intact. Black psyllium ( P. afra ), another variety of the seed, is also available.
Psyllium can be found as a dry seed or husk. It is a common ingredient in many popular laxatives and is available in powder, capsule, tablet, and wafer form. 1,15
Therapeutic Dosages
Dosages are specific to the product containing psyllium. Therefore, it is best to check the product label for the appropriate dosage. However, below is general dosage information for powdered psyllium.
Adults may take 3-6 grams of psyllium (1-2 teaspoons) in or with 8 ounces of water 2-3 times/day. 1 Always take psyllium with a full glass of water (8 ounces). Also, drinking 6-8 full glasses of water each day will help prevent constipation . 15
Children six years and older may take 1.5-3 grams of psyllium (1 teaspoon) in or with 4-8 ounces of water 2-3 times/day. 1
Do not take psyllium for longer than one week without first consulting your doctor. 26
Therapeutic Uses
Psyllium is primarily used to manage constipation, especially in people who do not eat enough fiber. It can be helpful for people who just had rectal surgery, are recovering from a heart attack , are on prolonged bed rest, or any other circumstance where straining during bowel movements is not advised. Patients experiencing other conditions where easy, soft bowel movements would be desirable (eg, anal fissures, hemorrhoids , pregnancy ) may find psyllium helpful. Finally, psyllium can also be used to treat certain kinds of watery diarrhea . 1
Psyllium works by mixing with water in the intestines to create a gel-like substance, which helps move bowels down the intestinal tract. 1
Psyllium has also been studied in the management of high cholesterol , high blood pressure , and diabetes .
What Is the Scientific Evidence for Psyllium?
A 2011 review of 3 trials with 283 subjects comparing psyllium (approximately 10 g daily) to placebo found consistently favorable results. 27 In one of the studies, for example, 2 weeks of psyllium (3.6 g, 3 times daily) produced a significantly greater improvement in symptoms over placebo. Numerous other studies have also shown psyllium to be effective in relieving constipation in adults. 8,10,11,12,13,23
Another small study looked at the effect of combining different laxatives to treat chronic constipation. Thirty-five men and women were randomized to either placebo or capsules containing celandine, aloe vera , and psyllium. Researchers found that those who had received the capsules had more frequent bowel movements and softer stools. 13
A larger study has also shown psyllium to effectively treat chronic constipation. The multi-site, randomized, double-blind study followed 170 adults with chronic constipation. The study compared psyllium and another laxative and found in favor of psyllium for better stool softening. 14 (However, this study was funded by the maker of a psyllium product.)
Some researchers have investigated psyllium's ability to lower cholesterol, and conclusions have been mixed. 2,3,6,7,16,17,18,20,24 One study found that psyllium did not have a significant cholesterol-lowering effect in subjects with normal or slightly elevated cholesterol levels. However, two separate reviews of multiple studies found in favor of psyllium's ability to reduce both total cholesterol and LDL ("bad") cholesterol, particularly in subjects with mild to moderate elevations on low-fat diets. 2,24 An additional study found psyllium to have a modest but significant improvement for total and LDL cholesterol levels in people on low- or high-fat diets.
Another small study suggested that psyllium would be beneficial for postmenopausal women in lowering cholesterol and reducing the risk for heart diseases. 3
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Fiber has long been a mainstay in the treatment of constipation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. However, it is unclear which type of fiber is more beneficial, soluble (psyllium) or insoluble (eg, bran). Two studies suggest an answer. In a systematic review of 17 studies, the authors concluded that psyllium improved certain irritable bowel syndrome symptoms more than insoluble fibers. 9 This conclusion was supported by a subsequent randomized trial involving 275 adults, which found that psyllium was more effective than either bran or placebo for irritable bowel syndrome symptom relief. 22
Safety Issues
Do not use psyllium if you have difficulty swallowing, unexplained abdominal pain, nausea , or vomiting. If you have kidney disease, talk to your doctor before taking psyllium. When consuming any type of fiber, gas and bloating are possible side effects. 15 Also, drink plenty of fluids when taking psyllium.
Some side effects specific to psyllium include cramps, difficulty swallowing, nausea, vomiting, skin rash, itching, and difficulty breathing. 1,26
Some people may be sensitive to psyllium. Try to avoid inhaling psyllium particles (eg, powder), since it may cause allergic reactions, such as difficulty breathing and itchy, red eyes. 21
Interactions You Should Know About
Since the absorption of many drugs can be affected by psyllium, talk to your doctor before using psyllium if you are taking any medicine. 1,15 Medicines of particular concern include:
Antidepressant medicines—tricyclics
- Amitriptyline (Elavil)
- Doxepin (Sinequan)
- Imipramine (Tofranil)
- Seizure medicines
- Cholesterol-lowering medicines
- Diabetes medicines
- Heart medicines
- Lithium
Do not take psyllium at the same time you take your medicines. Psyllium should be taken at least two hours before taking your medicines or 2-4 hours afterward. 15,21
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


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For several years, professional riders backed by thoroughbred horse owners and trainers have vied to win one of the four trophies and the accompanying prize money for the National Steeplechase Association sanctioned races. Each of those trophies for the four sanctioned races has borne different names, including the Winterthur Bowl prize named after Henry Francis du Pont, the creator of Winterthur.
Since 1979, Winterthur Country Garden Estates & Museum has opened its rolling hills and meadows to the people through the Point-to-Point Steeplechase Race, Delaware's only such event.
For several years, professional riders backed by thoroughbred horse owners and trainers have vied to win one of the four trophies and the accompanying prize money for the National Steeplechase Association sanctioned races.
Each of those trophies for the four sanctioned races has borne different names, including the Winterthur Bowl prize named after Henry Francis du Pont, the creator of Winterthur. To the winner goes the Henry Francis du Pont Challenger Trophy, Point-to-Point Director Jill Abbott said.
"This is our signature race," Abbott said.
Henry Francis du Pont, of DuPont Co. fame, owned Winterthur and the surrounding land and opened it up as a museum in 1951, Abbott said. He passed away in 1969, and the Point-to-Point race started in 1979.
H.F. du Pont, born in 1880, was the only son of Henry Algernon and Pauline du Pont, was born at Winterthur and, in his words, "always loved everything connected with it." He studied at New England's Groton School and later attended Harvard, from 1899 to 1903, where he studied practical agriculture and horticulture.
He and wife, Ruth Wales, had two daughters. He also collected American antiques, decorative arts and architectural elements and expanded his house to hold his collection. And with landscape architect Marian Coffin, du Pont perfected the gardens near the house.
The Winterthur Bowl is the second race scheduled for Sunday's Point-to-Point Steeplechase, Abbott said. It is sponsored by the Delaware Thoroughbred Horsemen's Association based at Delaware Park.
The first race is another timber race (where horses jump over hurdles) called the Isabella du Pont Sharp Memorial, Abbott said. This race was named in honor of Isabella Sharp and her husband, Hugh Rodney Sharp, because they were very well known preservationists, she said. The couple had four children, who they raised at Gibraltar in Greenville. Isabella and Rodney Sharp purchased this land from Wilmington businessman John Rodney Brinckle, according to Preservation Delaware. Sharp (1880 – 1968) and his wife made extensive additions to the buildings and grounds and created the six-acre estate that has been preserved to this today and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The third race of the day is an amateur apprentice timber race with a $7,500 purse, Abbott said. To the winner goes the Vicmead Plate.
This race is another timber race and it is named in honor of the founders of the Vicmead Hunt Club in 1920. They were Mrs. Victor du Pont, Mrs. (Ellen) Hollyday Meeds, Mr. A. Felix du Pont and Mrs. H. Rodney Sharp.
They founded Vicmead as an organized foxhunting club. Foxhunting eventually ceased as a club activity, but the fields full of horses and activities such as golf, tennis, squash, paddle tennis, swimming, dining and special events have remained. In 1977, Vicmead Hunt Club and Bidermann Golf Course merged. Abbott said Bidermann was the private golf course of H.F. du Pont and has since been leased to Bidermann for its private club.
The last race of the day is the Middletown Cup, which is an open, flat race without the hurdles, Abbott said. The winner the Middletown Cup trophy and the owner and trainer of the winning horse receive a $500 award.
The last named trophy is named in honor of the woman who started the Point-to-Point steeplechase horse races, Abbott said. The Greta Brown Layton Trophy is presented to the trainer who earns the most points on the day of the races, she said. Layton started the Point-to-Point race in 1979. She was a supporter of Winterthur and an emeritus member of the Winterthur Board of Trustees.
Layton and some of her friends wanted to utilize the grounds more and let people enjoy them more so they cut the race course out of a figure-8, Abbott said.
"There are people on my race committee today who were part of forming the race course," she said.


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Royal vintage styled design with golden ornaments, diamonds and art-deco elements on a dark purple violet backround.Our cell phones have become an integral part of our lives and not only do we use it as a communication device, but also as a source of entertainment and diary schedule planner. Basically, wherever you go, your phone goes with you.
But do you ever feel there are only a limited few phone models to choose from? If so, this is where our unique, exclusive and undoubtedly incomparable personalized back cover comes in. We are not talking about your everyday run-of-the-mill protective phone case, which adds weight to your cell phone and also transforms the original design. This back cover allows you to give your phone room for customization with altering the contours of design of the device.
Suitable for Samsung Galaxy S3
Replaces original back cover provided by manufacturer
Image printed up to the edge using crystal clear enamel coating for long lasting effect
Prevents scratches on the back of the phone
The case weighs approximately 21g
*This case is compatible with International, European & U.S versions
If you order more than 50 pcs items (can be combined), please click here to contact us for whole price quotation, please include the SKU# and the quantity you want for each of them. For order less than 50 pcs, please order directly from our website.


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December 13–January 3, 2015
Shipping costs will be added at checkout. For an exact quote, please use the 'Quote Shipping' option and we will invoice you separately. If you would like to arrange a free pickup, simply select the 'Gallery Pickup' option at checkout. For expedited rates or specific delivery requests, please contact the gallery.
We ship all orders out in a timely manner, and in the order that they are placed. You will receive a tracking number by email once the order has been dispatched.
As always, if you have any questions, feel free to contact us anytime via email (firstname.lastname@example.com) or by phone (415) 956-3303 during regular business hours.
Thank you!


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A new software tool for complex mission- and safety-critical systems arrives this month in the form of Atego Vantage. This software combines Model-based Systems and Software Engineering (MBSE), Asset-based Modular Design (SoS/CBD/SOA), and variable Product Line Engineering (PLE).
If you can handle more acronyms, the firm suggests that the combination of these three approaches into Model-based Product Line Engineering (MB-PLE) can reduce development costs by 62% and bring 23% more projects in on time.
Atego Vantage includes the Atego Perspective best practice implementation methodology. This technology includes a Modeler, Asset Library, Process Director, and Check element.
"[This release] simplifies product line design, increases intra-family reuse, and improves both product quality and engineering productivity. [It] is the ideal solution for iterative and common product development, applying ground-breaking techniques for variant modeling and asset reuse," said Hedley Apperly, Atego's VP of product and marketing.
The core of Vantage and the Perspective process is MBSE, extended with Product Line Modeling and Asset Reuse. Product Line Modeling provides a common product family design with variation for only the specific pieces that differ.
The "common" areas are designed and built using MBSE, "Variation" is handled through Product Line Modeling and feature selection, while the "Pieces" are sources from libraries of subsystem, service, and component assets. This approach delivers a real-world implementation of the ISO 26550-2013 "Software and systems engineering — Reference model for product line engineering and management" and ISO 15288 "Systems and Software Engineering — System Lifecycle Processes" standards.


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Peruvian food, recipes, restaurant reviews. Beautiful Peruvian cuisine pictures, simple instructions, step by step recipes.
This blog is a loving tribute to the intoxicating flavors, colors and aromas of Peru. We are foodies, travelers and passionate promoters of our gastronomy and cultural heritage.
Here you will find delicious recipes of Peruvian food, drinks, treats and desserts. Easy to cook, step by step instructions, excellent photos all compiled by our team and our collaborators. You will find directories of markets where you can get the ingredients and reviews of Peruvian restaurants in the US and the world.
The use or reproduction, complete or partial, of our content without express written authorization is prohibited. All rights resserved.
Copyright © 2011-2018
A product of GenteInternacional.com
Designed & Developed www.StartDesignGroup.com
Recive in your email promotions and news about Peruvian recipes


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Full of sun and smiles, these puzzles would be a great way to spend time with friends and family. Prepare for that last rainy daily before summer hits with a jigsaw puzzle full of sunny fun.
Use the filters to the left or simply scroll down to begin viewing all pages.
Copyright © 2008-2020, Puzzle Warehouse, All rights reserved.
Puzzle Warehouse recycles everything it can to save the environment and to keep costs and prices low.
We are Hiring! Please fill out the employment form or send your resume to firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Positivo s1990 drivers win7
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16.08.2018 11:51
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2.59 Mb/s
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A Macro Market for Micro-CHP?
A version of this article appears in the July/August 2008 issue of Home Energy Magazine.
July 01, 2008
With rising fuel prices and an electric grid near maximal capacity, the economic benefits of good CHP applications in mulitfamily buildings can be substantial to both the investor and the local utility.
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plants simultaneously generate electricity and heat at the point of use and can achieve fuel conversion efficiencies of up to 90%. Compare this to a traditional remote central power plant, where electricity is generated at 35%–55% efficiency and then transmitted over long distances, while the remaining 45%–65% of waste heat is left behind because it's not easily transported. The advantage for CHP plants is that they receive primary energy, often in the form of natural gas, with the waste heat "still inside." While CHP systems typically have electrical efficiencies of only 22%–29%, the recoverable thermal energy of 50%–65% can bring the overall fuel conversion efficiency to 90%. With growing environmental awareness and an increasing desire to reduce carbon emissions, this efficiency difference is too large to ignore. And of course, with rising fuel prices and an electric grid near maximal capacity, the economic benefits of good CHP applications can be substantial to both the investor and the local utility. How Low Can You Go? During the energy crisis of the 1970s, large industrial plants, hospitals, and other large energy users were the primary target for CHP applications, due to the economies of scale ...
To read complete online articles, you need to sign up for an Online Subscription.
Once an order has been placed there is an automatic $10 processing fee that will be deducted with any cancellation.
The Home Energy Online articles are for personal use only and may not be printed for distribution. For permission to reprint, please send an e-mail to email@example.com.


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"In The Eye of a Mother" Aisha Buhari's Support to Victims of Insurgency - May 13, 2017
Keeping It Real With Adeola – 262 (Buhari's Cabal Belittles Vice President Osinbajo; 82 Chibok Girls - May 13, 2017
NTA Network News 12-5-2017 - May 13, 2017
AFRICA THIS WEEK FROM MAY 8 TO 12 - May 13, 2017
FUNNYWHITEMAN SHOW: One on one with Etinosa Idemudia - May 13, 2017
Chibok Girls Explain Why They Refused To Return To Their Parents - May 12, 2017
Boko Haram Commanders Released In Exchange for 82 Chibok Girls Threatens To Bomb Abuja - May 12, 2017
NTA Nationwide News 12-5-2017 - May 12, 2017
AFRICA TODAY ON HUMANITARIAN CRISIS IN SOMALIA WITH DANIEL AKINLAMI AND ABAYOMI AZIKIWE - May 12, 2017
TV360 News Now- May 12, 2017 - May 12, 2017
Ahmed Lawan speaks on activities for 9th National Assembly
TV360 is Nigeria's first exclusive online television news channel based in Lagos. Our focus is news. There is no limit to the kind of news we cover. Our goal is to keep the people informed at all times so that they could use the information we disseminate to form important opinions,take important decisions and ultimately help to build a better and democratic society. We strongly uphold the long established journalistic principles of TRUTH, BALANCE and FAIRNESS in our reportage because we believe there is no one side to a story.
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Please subscribe to our YouTube channel:
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Blue River | Business & Technology | Longview | Maple Woods | Penn Valley | Online
Metropolitan Community College is a gateway to a life-changing education and a workforce-ready skill set. We are the oldest educational institution in Kansas City for the best value. Explore our programs to find the right fit for you.
Mission: Preparing students, serving communities, creating opportunities
There does not seem to be anything at www.mcckc.edu/our-campuses/longview/presidents-advisory-council.aspx
The page you were looking for appears to have been moved, deleted or does not exist.
Use the Search box on the top navigation, or go to the Home Page or Sitemap.


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Celebrate World Water Day with beer!
You probably weren't expecting that, were you? And no … we're not kidding.
International World Water Day is observed annually on March 22, to raise awareness of the importance of clean water, and to advocate for the sustainable management of freshwater resources. It began in March of 1993, and has been a success ever since. This year's theme is "Water for Cities: Responding to the Urban Challenge," and organizations around the world are holding events in response to the increasing urbanization affecting the water supplies in poor and developing countries. Bloggers are raising awareness through their posts on the top ways to celebrate World Water Day. Social media fanatics are posting related updates to Facebook and twitter several times an hour. World Water Day is in motion, and this morning, we were at a standstill when it came to writing about it. What sort of unique thing could a blog that posts about water on an almost daily basis have to say about World Water Day?
Well, if you've been reading our blog, you may have noticed that we are beer advocates as well. You may recall our post on breweries committed to water conservation. So, when we ran across Wells4Wells, and remembered that it is also #charitytuesday, we had to write about it. As stated on their website, Wells4Wells is "Fighting the Water Crisis one beer at a time." This Thursday, March 24, fifteen participating cities around the country will host their own happy hour. Bars and restaurants will donate a portion of their sales during these hours toward the construction of a well at a school in Africa, providing clean water for over 1,000 children. The cost to build the well, through the water charity, Drop in the Bucket, is $5500. Those who attend the happy hour and purchase the qualifying specials will be doing so for a good cause. If your city is not included, you can still donate to Wells For Wells online.
World Water Day is officially today, but the Wells4Wells event is on Thursday, March 24, which means you'll be celebrating a little late. But that's okay, because every day should be World Water Day, anyway, right?
What are you doing in your own life to raise awareness of the need for clean water in cities around the world, today, and (hopefully) every day?


text: Ford Lobo F150 2004 Battery Batteries Car Step by step Revive, I just discovered a dead simple trick that brings any battery back to life again…It simple, quick …and really works! And once you learn this, you'll pretty much never have to buy batteries again! With this quick and easy method, you can have nearly unlimited amounts of battery power …for nearly no cost. Enough to even live off-grid and power all of your devices an electronics! So, if you are at all interested in: Having unlimited battery power, Living off-grid, Or just saving money…make sure you check this short video out right now because I'm not sure how much longer they can leave this up. This simple trick could change everything for people who use batteries! Update : Thursday 2020-04-09 05:46:45 pm


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Browning Buckmark Shower Curtain
The Cabin Shack sells rustic, western, and wildlife decor for cabins, homes, and lodges. The team at The Cabin Shack is made up of lifelong outdoor enthusiasts, which makes us the trusted place to shop at. Everything we sell, we absolutely love! Shop our popular cabin rugs, cabin bedding, rustic lighting, and rustic cabin decor. We would love for you to learn a little more about our company, our passion, and how The Cabin Shack was founded.
The Cabin Shack was founded by two brothers who grew up in the outdoors of the Midwest, North Woods, and Rockies. Their roots extend into the states of Colorado, Nebraska, Iowa, and Minnesota. Growing up, you could either find them fishing the rivers and lakes of Nebraska and Iowa, or at the family cabins in Colorado and Minnesota. Traveling the country and growing up at the cabins inspired them to follow their passion, which is to never leave the outdoors. Their upbringing in the "cabin life" made them appreciate the comforts of the cabin and inspired them to help bring that comfort to you. Their love and appreciation of the cabin life is what separates them from their competitors. They don't just sell cabin decor, they can't live without it themselves!
The team at The Cabin Shack has two very important goals. First, it's to find cabin decor you'll love. We stand behind our products and offer a 100% Satisfaction Guarantee. Our second goal is to provide you with the best online customer service you'll experience. We separate ourselves from our competitors with our customer service, availability, and passion for our service and products. We are confident you will love our cabin decor just as much as we do. We show our customers how much we love them by sending them frequent specials on new and discounted cabin decor. Please don't hesitate to call or email us!
100% Satisfaction Guarantee
Why trust us? It's simple. We LOVE our products and we offer a 100% Satisfaction Guarantee and a No-Hassle Return Policy.
Shipping and Handling:
We ship all in stock products within 1 - 5 business days. Products that are shipped from the manufacturer will be stated along with the expected shipping time. We only ship domestically in the United States. Free shipping applies to any of the lower 48 in the United States. Shipping to Alaska and Hawaii will be calculated at checkout and free shipping does not apply to these zones.
Secure Transactions:
The Cabin Shack website and all transactions are secured. Transactions are secured through Shopify Payments and PayPal Checkout.
Return Policy:
An item can be returned within 14 days from when the item was delivered to your home, per the tracking number.
If you are not satisfied or have a defective item, we just ask you that you return the item in its original packing. We will pay for the shipping costs for any defective or damaged items. You are responsible for shipping charges for undamaged items that you are not satisfied with. You will receive a full refund once the item is returned to The Cabin Shack. We will ask for a tracking number to help ensure there is no liability on your end once you ship the package back to our warehouse. If the item is damaged or defective, we will ship you a new item out immediately or refund you 100% of your purchase.
Checkout and Cancellation of Items:
The Cabin Shack reserves the right to cancel any order, in which we will immediately refund your purchase. We will provide you in writing the reason as to why your purchase was refunded.


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Some Great Contract Hire and car Leasing Offers on all Audi Vehicles, Click the deals below to view the great lease deals on on the Audi car range.
Carisma Vehicle Solutions Ltd has some fantastic contract hire and car leasing deals on all Audi for both business and personal customers, choose one of the many special offers we currently have on our Audi deals page.
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We can provide a quotation on any model so if you cant see what you are looking for then click here to get a quote.
* All vehicle images and car descriptions on this site are for illustration and reference purposes only and are not necessarily an accurate representation of the vehicle on offer.
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Carisma Vehicle Solutions Ltd
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North Station Yard
Warminster Road
Carisma Vehicle Solutions Ltd are a credit broker and not a lender, we are authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. Registered No : 730193
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Registered Office : 36 Beamont Way, Amesbury, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 7UA
Copyright © 2020 Carisma Vehicle Solutions Ltd, All rights reserved.


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Make sure your administration is in order: write your bills or orders in these practical paper cash pads.
|Product code
|Sales register pad
|Quantity per pallet
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Studied Homeopathic Remedies
- Isopathic Remedies
- Galphimia glauca
- Combination Homeopathic Remedy Containing Euphorbium
- Combination Remedy containing Cinnabaris, Echinacea, Hydrastis, and Kalium bichromicum
About 7% of all Americans suffer from hay fever, an allergic condition that can cause runny nose, sneezing, and teary eyes. It is known officially as allergic rhinitis, allergic sinusitis, or allergic conjunctivitis, depending on whether symptoms manifest mainly in the nose, sinuses, or eyes, respectively. Asthma and chronic sinus infections may be related to these allergies as well.
Hay fever usually peaks when particular plants are pollinating or when molds are flourishing. People who suffer from year-round hay fever may be allergic to ever-present allergens, such as dust mites.
Scientific Evaluations of Homeopathic Remedies for Hay Fever
Several apparently well-designed, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies on homeopathic remedies for hay fever have yielded positive results. The best evidence at present is for isopathic remedies . There is also some evidence that the homeopathic remedy Galphimia glauca may be helpful for the eye symptoms of hay fever (allergic conjunctivitis). In addition, a combination treatment containing Euphorbium has shown promise for treating sinus problems.
Isopathic Remedies
A special form of homeopathy known as isopathy is often used for hay fever. Isopathy makes use of the precise substance that causes your symptoms, diluting the allergen to make a homeopathic remedy. For example, if you are allergic to cats, you could make a homeopathic remedy out of cat dander; if to ragweed, diluted ragweed pollen would be an appropriate isopathic remedy. This is different from standard homeopathic remedies, which are based on unrelated substances that happen to produce a similar symptom picture, such as the homeopathic onion ( mentioned below ).
Several well-designed double-blind, placebo-controlled studies testing the efficacy of isopathic remedies for various allergy symptoms have been reported, most of them conducted by one highly respected research group.
Two such studies by this group tested the effects of a combination isopathic preparation consisting of mixed grass pollens at a 30c potency on almost 200 people with active hay fever. 1,2 Overall, the results were quite positive. Homeopathic treatment, as compared to placebo, produced a clear and measurable reduction in hay fever symptoms over a 2-week period of treatment. In addition, improvement of the treated participants continued even after they stopped taking the medicine.
Another double-blind, placebo-controlled trial by the same research group used isopathic remedies made from allergens specific to each participant. 3 All 50 participants suffered from perennial allergic rhinitis. Again, the results were positive.
Furthermore, benefits were seen regarding allergic asthma in a small, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using an isopathic remedy made from allergens specific to the participants. 4
In science, one seeks independent confirmation of results by more than one research group. Such confirmation is available for isopathic treatment of hay fever–like symptoms. More than a decade before the studies described above, another group of scientists had also studied isopathic remedies for hay fever–like symptoms, and they too found positive results. 5 In 2005, similar benefits were seen in a study conducted by yet another aresearch group. 14 This double-blind, placebo-controlled trial used isopathic remedies made from common Southwest allergens, including tree, grass and weed species. Once again, the results showed reductions in allergy symptoms in the treatment group as compared to the placebo group.
However, there have been negative outcomes as well. Two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies performed by a single research group evaluated the effects of an isopathic remedy made from birch pollen on people with allergies to that plant, but no benefits were seen. 6,7
In addition, a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 242 people with asthma caused by dust-mite allergy failed to find any benefit with an isopathic remedy made from the mites. 8
Galphimia glauca
Seven double-blind, placebo-controlled studies involving a total of 752 participants have evaluated the potential benefits of Galphimia in relieving symptoms of hay fever. 9 Potencies of the remedy used in these trials ranged from 2c to 3c. All of the studies evaluated improvements in allergic symptoms related to the eye, and some also considered symptoms related to the nose. Overall, the results were encouraging.
In the best of these studies, researchers evaluated the effectiveness of Galphimia glauca in alleviating hay fever symptoms in 201 people. 10 The treatment group received Galphimia glauca 2c in a liquid solution of 43% alcohol, and the placebo was in an identical solution. Improvement was noted after 2 weeks, and the relative benefit of treatment over placebo continued to increase throughout the 4-week study period.
Not all of the studies found evidence of benefit. However, when researchers put the results of all the studies together, using sophisticated statistical methods called a meta-analysis, the results indicated that the remedy worked significantly better than the placebo in relieving the symptoms. The success rate in those treated was an average of 78%, a rate that was superior to placebo by about a factor of 1.35.
Combining studies in this way is common in medical research. It is considered especially appropriate when the individual studies were quite similar, as they were in this case. However, there are many potential statistical pitfalls in a meta-analysis. One of the problems here is that not all of the double-blind studies produced statistically significant results on their own. Essentially, by doing a meta-analysis, researchers combined inconclusive trials to produce a conclusive result. While this is permissible, it is not entirely trustworthy.
Another problem is that all the studies were reported by one group of scientists. To confirm these results, we really need a study by an independent research team.
A subsequent double-blind study, enrolling almost 150 people, evaluated the effectiveness of a nasal spray containing homeopathic Galphimia glauca along with Luffa operculata, Histamine, and Sulphur by comparing it to a standard treatment for hay fever: cromolyn sodium. 12 The results showed equal benefits.
Researchers conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of Euphorbium D3 for the treatment of an acute attack of hay fever. 12 In this study, which lasted 14 days and followed 104 participants, the homeopathically treated group did not show a statistically significant improvement in their nasal symptoms. However, the author of this study noted that a mistake was made in the study design. The problem was that evaluation of possible benefit was made on day 8 or day 15 after the treatment was first given. As it turned out, the illness tended to resolve itself by day 3 to 5 in most cases, so it was hard to tell if the medicine made a difference or not.
Another double-blind, placebo-controlled trial tested two homeopathic nasal spray formulas containing Euphorbium for the treatment of chronic sinus problems. 13 A total of 155 people participated. The first remedy consisted of Euphorbium, Pulsatilla, Luffa operculata, Mercurius bijodatus, Mucosa basalis suis, Hepar sulfuris, Argentum nitricum, and a sinusitis nosode . The other solution contained only Euphorbium, Pulsatilla, Luffa operculata, and Hepar sulfuris .
In each case, participants were instructed to use two sprays to each nostril four times per day for 4 weeks. Information from questionnaires, as well as the findings from fiberoptic scope and ultrasound examination of the sinuses, were recorded at the first appointment, again at 2 weeks and at 4 weeks, and then again at a post-treatment follow-up at 4 months.
The results indicated that the first homeopathic solution was more effective than placebo, improving such symptoms as nasal congestion, sensation of pressure, and headache. However, the second remedy did not prove effective.
Cinnabaris, Echinacea, Hydrastis, and Kalium bichromicum
A single, but substantial study evaluated a combination of Cinnabaris D3, Echinacea D1, Hydrastis D3, Kalium bichromicum D3 for the treatment of hay fever. 15 In this three-week double-blind study of 144 people, use of the homeopathic remedy reportedly reduced symptoms to a markedly greater extent than placebo.
Traditional Homeopathic Treatments for Hay Fever
In classical homeopathy , there are many possible homeopathic treatments for hay fever, chosen based on various specific details of the person seeking treatment.
When you chop an onion, your eyes often sting, water, and itch as they do if you have hay fever. A person with profusely watery eyes and a nose that runs like a faucet fits the symptom picture for Allium cepa , which is made from common red onion.
However, hay fever doesn't always appear in this form. If you are experiencing a pressing headache with dizziness, a fluent nasal discharge, difficulty breathing, and much sneezing, then you fit the symptom picture for the homeopathic remedy Euphorbium .
Galphimia is associated with a symptom picture dominated by swollen eyelids, sneezing, skin rash, stomach pain, and sensitivity to weather changes.
Other Natural Options
For herbs and supplements that be useful for this condition, see the Hay Fever article.
For a thorough explanation of homeopathy, including dilution of therapies, see the Homeopathy Overview .
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


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Small House Minecraft
Get our best ideas for outdoor kitchens, including charming Small House Minecraft, backyard decorating ideas, and pictures of outdoor kitchens. Shop Wayfair for Outdoor Kitchens to match every style and budget. Enjoy Free Shipping on most stuff, even big stuff. Deborah Krasner, author of The New Outdoor Kitchen advices budgeting for your outdoor space according to what's most important to you. Bar-style seating has become very popular in Small House Minecraft for the same reason it's popular in indoor kitchen design.
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I was recently browsing through the list of names in my family tree and noticed quite a few occurrences of surnames becoming first names. It got me wondering how common this was and I suspect that certainly in the 18th and 19th centuries it was seen more often – but that is just a guess. The tradition in my family seems to have stopped for the most part, although I haven't explored many lines into the last century.
So I though it would be interesting to post some examples from my tree.
Mason Buckley is my 2 x great grand uncle. His parents are Thomas Buckley and Henrietta Mason – my 3 x great grandparents.
Watson Dawson is my 3 x great grand uncle. His parents are John Dawson and Ann Watson – my 4 x great grandparents. The name Watson was also carried on in to subsequent generations.
Daniel Owen Espley is my wife's grandfather. His father Frederick married Frances Owen.
John Bentley Hurtley is my first cousin 3 x removed. His parents are Thomas Hurtley and Maria Bentley.
Bracewell Kighley is my second cousin 3 x removed. His father is Isaac Kighley who married Sarah Bracewell.
Greenwood Lonsdale – is the son of Thomas Lonsdale and Sarah Greenwood.
Thomas Ainsworth Musgrove is my great grandfather and his parents are John Musgrove and Catherine Ainsworth.
My grandfather Fred Ainsworth Stowell Musgrove got his name from his parents Thomas Ainsworth Musgrove and Ellen Stowell.
My uncle Stowell is the last in that particular Musgrove line to carry on the tradition.
John Robert Turner Musgrove is my grand uncle. His parents are Joseph Musgrove and Elizabeth Ann Turner.
George Wigglesworth Nightingale – his parents are Thomas Nightingale and Ann Wigglesworth.
I really like the tradition and it's quite sad that it has stopped.
How common is this tradition in your family?


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Principal Proposed Uses
Other Proposed Uses
- Alcoholic Liver Disease
- Enhancing Sports Performance
- Non-alcoholic Steatosis
- Substitute for SAMe
Trimethylglycine (TMG), also called betaine, is a substance manufactured by the body. It helps break down another naturally occurring substance called homocysteine.
In certain rare genetic conditions, the body cannot dispose of homocysteine, resulting in its accumulation to extremely high levels. This, in turn, leads to accelerated cardiovascular disease and other problems. Oral TMG is an FDA-approved treatment for this condition. It "methylates" homocysteine, removing it from circulation.
Meaningful, but not altogether consistent, evidence suggests that the relatively slight elevation of homocysteine that can occur in healthy people is also harmful. 6 On this basis, it has been suggested that TMG might reduce heart disease risk in healthy people as well. However, this has not been proven, and TMG has shown the potential for having adverse effects on cholesterol profile, which could counter any possible benefit via homocysteine.
Note : TMG is similar chemically to betaine hydrochloride, but it has entirely different actions.
TMG is not required in the diet because the body can manufacture it from other nutrients. Grains, nuts, seeds, and meats contain small amounts of TMG. However, most TMG in food is destroyed during cooking or processing, so food isn't a reliable way to get a therapeutic dosage.
After TMG has done its work on homocysteine, it is turned into another substance, dimethylglycine (DMG). Some manufacturers will tell you that DMG is identical to TMG, but this isn't true. DMG is not a methylating agent, so it can't have any effect on homocysteine. (See also Therapeutic Uses below.)
Therapeutic Dosages
Optimal therapeutic dosages of TMG are not known. Common recommendations range from 375 to 3,000 mg daily.
Therapeutic Uses
There is no doubt that TMG greatly reduces homocysteine levels and improves health among people with the rare disease cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency (as well as related conditions). 1 TMG also appears to reduce relatively mild homocysteine elevations in people without genetic defects. 10-11 However, as noted above, TMG also seems to worsen cholesterol profile , and this may counteract any possible benefits. 12 For this reason, if you have elevated levels of homocysteine, it may make more sense to reduce it by taking supplemental folate , vitamin B 6 , and vitamin B 12 ; these supplements are known to reduce homocysteine levels , and, unlike TMG, they provide nutritional benefit as well.
TMG may help protect the liver against the effects of alcohol, perhaps by stimulating the formation of SAMe . 2,3,4,7 In addition, it may be helpful for non-alcoholic forms of fatty liver (non-alcoholic steatosis) as well. 8,9
TMG has also been suggested as a less expensive substitute for SAMe in other condition for which SAMe is used (such as osteoarthritis and depression ). However, there is no evidence to show that it is effective.
A substance labeled pangamic acid or vitamin B 15 has been extensively used as a performance enhancer by Russian athletes and has also become popular among American athletes. However, it is not clear there really is any such substance; or, to state it another way, various substances have at various times been given that name. Most recently, the term has been associated with a mixture of calcium gluconate and DMG; one small study failed to find this form of pangamic acid effective for enhancing sports performance . 5
Safety Issues
The only known safety issue with TMG is regarding cholesterol profile, as already mentioned. People with high or borderline-high cholesterol should use TMG only with caution.
Maximum safe dosages for young children, pregnant or nursing mothers, or those with severe liver or kidney disease have not been established.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


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Psalms 132
Песен на възлизане. Давидова.1 a К олко хубаво и колко приятно е братя да живеят наедно! 2 b Го е като драгоценен елей върху глава, който се стича по брада, брадата Ааронова, който се стича по краищата на одеждата му; 3 c като роса ермонска, която пада на планините Сионски, защото там Господ изрече благоволение и живот навеки.
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ESVGen 1
This shows how to quickly lookup a passage.NIVESVKJVGen 1
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You can mix most searches. This finds any word translated as 'throne' in the Prophets and the New Testament, but only in verses concerning the topic 'David'. This excludes verses which refer to a 'throne' in other contexts.KJVTHGNTJohn 1
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Examples to enable color code grammar +
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The standard features of the RAM ProMaster City Tradesman include Tigershark MultiAir 2.4L I-4 178hp engine, 9-speed automatic transmission with overdrive, 4-wheel anti-lock brakes (ABS), side seat mounted airbags, curtain 1st row overhead airbag, driver knee airbag, airbag occupancy sensor, air conditioning, 16" steel wheels, ABS and driveline traction control, electronic stability, power windows.
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