text:
KVM, Kernel-based Virtual Machine, is a hypervisor built right into the Linux kernel. It is similar to Xen in purpose but much simpler to get running. To start using the hypervisor, just load the appropriate
kvm kernel modules and the hypervisor is up. As with Xen's full virtualization, in order for KVM to work, you must have a processor that supports Intel's VT-x extensions or AMD's AMD-V extensions.
Using KVM, one can run multiple virtual machines running unmodified GNU/Linux, Windows, or any other operating system. (See Guest Support Status). Each virtual machine has private virtualized hardware: a network card, disk, graphics adapter, etc. See KVM Howto.
Differences among KVM, Xen, VMware, and QEMU can be found at the KVM FAQ. KVM is used alongside Libvirt for better management with "virsh" command set. Check Libvirt for more details.
- 1 Get the packages
- 2 Setup kernel modules
- 3 How to use KVM
- 4 Paravirtualized guests (virtio)
- 5 Resizing the image
- 6 Enabling KSM
- 7 Enable HugePages
- 8 Bridged Networking
- 9 Mouse integration
- 10 Mounting the QEMU image
- 11 Starting KVM virtual machines on boot up
- 12 Tips and tricks
Get the packages
Arch Linux kernels provide the appropriate kernel modules to support KVM.
You can check if your kernel supports KVM with the following command (assuming your kernel is built with
$ zgrep KVM /proc/config.gz
KVM requires that the virtual machine host's processor has virtualization support (named VT-x for Intel processors and AMD-V for AMD processors). You can check whether your processor supports hardware virtualization with the following command:
$ lscpu
You processor supports virtualization only if there is a line telling you so.
You can also run:
$ grep -E "(vmx|svm)" --color=always /proc/cpuinfo
If nothing is displayed after running that command, then your processor does not support hardware virtualization, and you will not be able to use QEMU-KVM.
KVM also requires a modified QEMU to launch and manage virtual machines. You can choose one of the following according to your needs:
- The qemu-kvm package is available in the official repositories (recommended, "it still provides the best performance and certain additional features for using KVM with QEMU on x86" according to http://wiki.qemu.org/KVM).
- If you also need to use QEMU, you can choose to install qemu instead, which conflicts with the qemu-kvm package. However,
qemu -enable-kvmtakes advantage of this technology.
Setup kernel modules
First, you need to add your user account into the
kvm group to use the
/dev/kvm device.
# gpasswd -a <Your_Login_Name> kvm
Secondly, you have to choose one of the following depending on the manufacturer of your CPU.
- If you have Intel's VT-x extensions, modprobe the
# modprobe kvm_intel
- If you have AMD's AMD-V (code name "Pacifica") extensions, modprobe the
# modprobe kvm_amd
If modprobing
kvm_intel or
kvm_amd fails but modprobing
kvm succeeds, (and
lscpu claims that hardware acceleration is supported), check your BIOS settings. Some vendors (especially laptop vendors) disable these processor extensions by default. To determine whether there's no hardware support or there is but the extensions are disabled in BIOS, the output from
dmesg after having failed to modprobe will tell.
If you want these modules to persist, see Kernel_modules#Loading.
How to use KVM
Create a guest OS image
$ qemu-img create -f qcow2 <Image_Name> <size>
Install the guest OS
A CD/DVD image (ISO file) can be used for the installation.
$ qemu-kvm -hda <Image_Name> -m 512 -cdrom /path/to/the/ISO/image -boot d -vga std
Running the system
$ qemu-kvm -hda <Image_Name> -m 512 -vga std
-smp X (where
X is the number of CPUs). The maximum number of assigned CPUs for one guest is 16.
-m argument and the desired amount of main memory specified in megabytes (e.g.
-m 1024). Also note that recent Windows operating systems (tested with Windows Vista and Windows 7) require the
qcow2 disk image format. Other disk image formats may give a 0x80070057 error during the installation.
See QEMU for more information, and the Using the Kernel-based Virtual Machine section.
GUI tool
If the qemu package has been installed, you can use a GUI tool, such as qtemu for simple use or qemu-launcher for particle control, to manage your virtual machine.
You need to change
qemu in the configure item "QEMU start command" to
qemu-kvm or leave the "QEMU start command" as
qemu and append
-enable-kvm to the additional start options. With newer versions of qemu, it might not be necessary to append
-enable-kvm as the
qemu executable will detect that KVM is running and start in the correct mode.
If you start your VM with a GUI tool and installation is very slow, you should check for proper KVM support, as QEMU may be falling back to pure software emulation.
Paravirtualized guests (virtio)
KVM offers guests the ability to use paravirtualized block and network devices, which leads to better performance and lower overhead.
For Windows, a paravirtualized network driver can be obtained here.
FreeBSD has the ability to use virtio drivers since 10.0 (unreleased). A backport of the drivers are available in the port
emulators/virtio-kmod for FreeBSD 8.3 and 9.0.
A virtio block device requires the option
-drive instead of the simple
-hd* plus
$ qemu-kvm -boot order=c -drive file=drive.img,if=virtio
-boot order=c is absolutely required when you want to boot from it. There is no auto-detection as with
-hd* ...)
Almost the same goes for the network:
$ qemu-kvm -net nic,model=virtio
Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest
To use virtio devices after an Arch Linux guest has been installed, the following modules can be loaded in the guest:
virtio_net, and
virtio_ring (for 32-bit guests, the specific "virtio" module is not necessary).
If you want to boot from a virtio disk, the initial ramdisk must be rebuilt. Add the appropriate modules in
/etc/mkinitcpio.conf like this:
MODULES="virtio_blk virtio_pci virtio_net"
and rebuild the initial ramdisk:
# mkinitcpio -p linux
Virtio disks are recognized with the prefix v (e.g. vda, vdb, etc.); therefore, changes must be made in at least
/etc/fstab and
/boot/grub/menu.lst when booting from a virtio disk. When using grub-pc which references disks by UUID's, nothing has to be done.
Edit or create
(hd0) /dev/vda
To enable virtio at Arch Linux installation time, manual GRUB installation is required (for arch-release-media 2010.05).
Though AIF correctly detects the virtio disks and sets up the right prefixes, the
/boot/grub/device.map file must be created before configuring the bootloader.
So when installing Arch Linux, you can install GRUB by switching to another virtual terminal (Template:Keypress) and running the following commands.
# grub > device (hd0) /dev/vda > root (hd0,0) > setup (hd0) > quit
Once you have installed GRUB, switch back to the main terminal with Template:Keypress.
Further information on paravirtualization with KVM can be found here.
Preparing a Windows guest
Preparing a Windows guest for running with a virtio disk driver is a bit tricky.
In your KVM host (running Arch Linux), download the virtio disk driver from the Fedora repository.
Now you need to create a new disk image, which fill force Windows to search for the driver. To do it, stop the virtual machine if its running and issue the following command:
$ qemu-img create -f qcow2 fake.img 1G
Run the original Windows guest (still in the IDE mode). Add the fake disk and a CD-ROM with the driver.
$ qemu-kvm -drive file=windows.img,if=ide -m 512 -drive file=fake.img,if=virtio -cdrom virtio-win-0.1-30.iso -vga std
If you have problems booting windows.img ISO image, or the virtio cd drivers not being detected, use this command.
$ qemu-kvm -drive file=fake.img,if=virtio -m 512 -boot d -drive file=windows.img,media=cdrom -drive file=virtio-win-0.1-30.iso,media=cdrom
Windows will detect the fake disk and try to find a driver for it. If it fails, go to Device Manager, locate the SCSI drive with an exclamation mark icon (should be open), click "Update driver" and select the virtual CD-ROM. Don't forget to mark the checkbox which says to search for directories recursively.
When the installation is successful, you can turn off the virtual machine and launch it again, now with the
virtio driver.
$ qemu-kvm -drive file=windows.img,if=virtio -m 512 -vga std
-m parameter, and that you do not boot with virtio instead of ide for the system drive before drivers are installed.
Preparing virtio networkdrivers is a bit easier, simply add the -net argument as explained above.
$ qemu-kvm -drive file=windows.img,if=virtio -m 512 -vga std -net nic,model=virtio -cdrom virtio-win-cdrom virtio-win-0.1-30.iso
Then install the virtio drivers from the disk you downloaded; Go to the Device Manager, locate the network adapter with an exclamation mark icon (should be open), click "Update driver" and select the virtual CD-ROM. Don't forget to mark the checkbox which says to search for directories recursively.
Preparing a FreeBSD guest
Install the
emulators/virtio-kmod port if you are using FreeBSD 8.3 or later up until 10.0-CURRENT where they are included into the kernel. After installation, add the following to your
/boot/loader.conf file:
virtio_loader="YES" virtio_pci_load="YES" virtio_blk_load="YES" if_vtnet_load="YES" virtio_balloon_load="YES"
Then modify your
/etc/fstab by doing the following:
sed -i/etc/fstab.bak "s/ad/vtbd/g" /etc/fstab
And verify that
/etc/fstab is consistent. If anything goes wrong, just boot into a rescue CD and copy
/etc/fstab.bak back to
Resizing the image
Up-to-date way
Since version 0.13.0 of qemu, a new option has been added to
qemu-img executable, the
resize option. By this switch it is possible to resize a qcow2 image directly, with no need to pass through raw conversion. For example, this command will increase my_image.qcow2 image space by 10 Gigabytes
qemu-img resize my_image.qcow2 +10G
Old way
It is possible to increase the size of a qcow2 image later, at least with ext3. Convert it to a raw image, expand its size with dd, convert it back to qcow2, replace the partition with a larger one, do a
fsck and resize the filesystem.
$ qemu-img convert -O raw image.qcow2 image.img $ dd if=/dev/zero of=image.img bs=1G count=0 seek=[NUMBER_OF_GB] $ qemu-img convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=64K image.img imageplus.qcow2 $ qemu-kvm -hda imageplus.qcow2 -m 512 -cdrom </Path/to/the/ISO/Image> -boot d -vga std # fdisk /dev/sda [delete the partition, create new one occupying whole disk] # e2fsck -f /dev/sda1 # resize2fs /dev/sda1
Enabling KSM
Kernel Samepage Merging (KSM) is a feature of the Linux kernel introduced in the 2.6.32 kernel. KSM allows for an application to register with the kernel to have its pages merged with other processes that also register to have their pages merged. For KVM, the KSM mechanism allows for guest virtual machines to share pages with each other. In an environment where many of the guest operating systems are similar, this can result in significant memory savings.
There should be a
/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/ directory containing several files. You can turn KSM on or off by echoing a
1 or
0 (respectively) to
# echo 1 > /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run
Or set it up by creating the file
w /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run - - - - 1
If KSM is running, and there are pages to be merged (i.e. more than one similar VM is running), then
/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_shared should be non-zero. From the kernel documentation in
The effectiveness of KSM and MADV_MERGEABLE is shown in /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/: pages_shared - how many shared unswappable kernel pages KSM is using pages_sharing - how many more sites are sharing them i.e. how much saved pages_unshared - how many pages unique but repeatedly checked for merging pages_volatile - how many pages changing too fast to be placed in a tree full_scans - how many times all mergeable areas have been scanned A high ratio of pages_sharing to pages_shared indicates good sharing, but a high ratio of pages_unshared to pages_sharing indicates wasted effort. pages_volatile embraces several different kinds of activity, but a high proportion there would also indicate poor use of madvise MADV_MERGEABLE.
An easy way to see how well KSM is performing is to simply print the contents of all the files in that directory.
# grep . /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/*
/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/full_scans:151 /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/max_kernel_pages:246793 /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_shared:92112 /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_sharing:131355 /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_to_scan:100 /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_unshared:123942 /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_volatile:1182 /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run:1 /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/sleep_millisecs:20
Enable HugePages
You may also want to enable hugepages to improve the preformance of your virtual machine.
With an up to date Arch Linux and a running KVM you probably already have everything you need. Check if you have the directory
/dev/hugepages. If not create it.
Now we need the right permissions to use this directory. Check if the group
kvm exist and if you are member of this group. This should be the case if you already have a running virtual machine.
$ getent group kvm
Add to your
hugetlbfs /dev/hugepages hugetlbfs mode=1770,gid=78 0 0
Of course the gid must match that of the
kvm group. The mode of
1770 allows anyone in the group to create files but not unlink or rename each other's files. Make sure
/dev/hugepages is mounted properly:
# umount /dev/hugepages # mount /dev/hugepages $ mount | grep huge
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,mode=1770,gid=78)
Now you can calculate how many hugepages you need. Check how large your hugepages are:
$ cat /proc/meminfo | grep Hugepagesize
Normally that should be 2048 kB ≙ 2 MB. Let's say you want to run your virtual machine with 1024 MB. 1024 / 2 = 512. Add a few extra so we can round this up to 550. Now tell your machine how many hugepages you want:
# echo 550 > /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages
If you had enough free memory you should see:
$ cat /proc/meminfo | grep HugePages_Total
HugesPages_Total: 550
If the number is smaller, close some applications or start your virtual machine with less memory (number_of_pages x 2):
$ kvm -m 1024 -mem-path /dev/hugepages [-hda yourimage.img] [-your_other_options]
Note the
-mem-path parameter. This will make use of the hugepages.
You can check now, while your virtual machine is running, how many pages are used:
$ cat /proc/meminfo | grep HugePages
HugePages_Total: 550 HugePages_Free: 48 HugePages_Rsvd: 6 HugePages_Surp: 0
Now that everything seems to work you can enable hugepages by default if you like. Add to your
vm.nr_hugepages = 550
See also: Debian wiki and linux-kvm.com.
Bridged Networking
Using netcfg
Bridged networking is used when you want your VM to be on the same network as your host machine. This will allow it to get a static or DHCP IP address on your network, and then you can access it using that IP address from anywhere on your LAN. The preferred method for setting up bridged networking for KVM is to use the netcfg package. You will also need to install bridge-utils.
For more information, see: Netcfg Tips#Configuring a bridge for use with virtual machines (VMs)
You can follow this page to configure the bridge: Libvirt#Bridged Networking
Additional notes
Other information can be found here: QEMU#Tap Networking with QEMU and QEMU#Networking with VDE2.
If you are using iptables, it is recommended for performance and security reasons to disable the firewall on the bridge:
# cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 EOF # sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf
See the libvirt wiki and Fedora bug 512206. If you get errors by sysctl during init (boot) about non-existing files, make the
bridge module load at boot. See Kernel_modules#Loading.
Alternatively, you can configure iptables to allow all traffic to be forwarded across the bridge by adding a rule like this:
-I FORWARD -m physdev --physdev-is-bridged -j ACCEPT
Mouse integration
To prevent the mouse from being grabbed when clicking on the guest operating system's windows, add the option
-usbdevice tablet. This means QEMU is able to report the mouse position without having to grab the mouse. This also overrides PS/2 mouse emulation when activated.
$ qemu-kvm -hda <Image_Name> -m 512 -vga std -usbdevice tablet
Mounting the QEMU image
There are many ways to mount partitions encapsulated in an image file or partition. One option is to use network block devices:
# modprobe nbd max_part=63 $ qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd0 [image.img] # mount /dev/nbd0p1 [/mnt/qemu]
An alternative is to use
kpartx from the multipath-tools package:
$ kpartx -l [image.img] $ kpartx -a [image.img] # mount /dev/mapper/[image.img]p1 [/mnt/qemu]
The first command merely lists the partitions detected in the image's partition table, while the second one maps them using the kernel's device mapper. In order to remove the partition mapping again, the procedure is as follows:
# umount [/mnt/qemu] $ kpartx -d [image.img]
Starting KVM virtual machines on boot up
If you use virt-manager and virsh as your VM tools then this is very simple. At the commandline to set a VM to autostart:
$ virsh autostart <domain>
To disable autostarting:
$ virsh autostart --disable <domain>
Virt-manager is equally easy having an autostart check box in the boot options of the VM.
Note VMs started by QEMU or KVM from the command line are not then manageable by virt-manager.
For an alternative check QEMU#Starting_QEMU_virtual_machines_on_boot.
Tips and tricks
Live snapshots
Since qemu-kvm 1.1 and libvirt 0.10 there is a slightly less talked-about feature called external snapshotting that is still being developed and improved by upstream. It allows you to take a live snapshot of a virtual machine without turning it off. The whole process works at block level by a series of steps utilizing QEMU's snapshot_blkdev/blockdev-snapshot-sync feature. The newer qemu-kvm uses the same methodology except it prefers QEMU's monitor feature instead. Currently it only works with qcow2 and raw file based images.
Once a snapshot is created, KVM attaches that new snapshotted image to virtual machine that is used as its new block device, storing any new data directly to it while the original disk image is taken offline which you can easily copy or backup. After that you can merge the snapshotted image to the original image, again without shutting down your virtual machine.
Here's how it works.
Current running vm
# virsh list --all Id Name State ---------------------------------------------------- 3 archey running
List all its current images
# virsh domblklist archey Target Source ------------------------------------------------ vda /vms/archey.img
Notice the image file properties
# qemu-img info /vms/archey.img image: /vms/archey.img file format: qcow2 virtual size: 50G (53687091200 bytes) disk size: 2.1G cluster_size: 65536
Create a disk-only snapshot. The switch
--atomic makes sure that the VM is not modified if snapshot creation fails.
# create-snapshot-as archey snapshot1 --disk-only --atomic
List if you want to see the snapshots
# virsh snapshot-list archey Name Creation Time State ------------------------------------------------------------ snapshot1 2012-10-21 17:12:57 -0700 disk-snapshot
Notice the new snapshot image created by virsh and its image properties. It weighs just a few MiBs and is linked to its original "backing image/chain".
# qemu-img info /vms/archey.snapshot1 image: /vms/archey.snapshot1 file format: qcow2 virtual size: 50G (53687091200 bytes) disk size: 18M cluster_size: 65536 backing file: /vms/archey.img
At this point, you can go ahead and copy the original image with 'cp -sparse=true' or 'rsync -S'. Then you can merge the original image back into the snapshot.
# virsh blockpull --domain archey --path /vms/archey.snapshot1
Now that you have pulled the blocks out of original image, the file
/vms/archey.snapshot1 becomes the new disk image. Check its disk size to see what it means. After that is done, the original image
/vms/archey.img and the snapshot metadata can be deleted safely. The 'virsh blockcommit' would work opposite to 'blockpull' but it seems to be currently under development in qemu-kvm 1.3 (including snapshot-revert feature), scheduled to be released sometime next year.
This new feature of KVM will certainly come handy to the people who like to take frequent live backups without risking corruption of the file system.
Poor Man's Networking
Setting up bridged networking can be a bit of a hassle sometimes. If the sole purpose of the VM is experimentation, one strategy to connect the host and the guests is to use SSH tunneling.
The basic steps are as follows:
- Setup an SSH server in the host OS
- (optional) Create a designated user used for the tunneling (e.g. tunneluser)
- Install SSH in the VM
- Setup authentication
See: SSH for the setup of SSH, especially SSH#Forwarding_Other_Ports.
When using the default user network stack, the host is reachable at address 10.0.2.2.
If everything works and you can SSH into the host, simply add something like the following to your
# Local SSH Server echo "Starting SSH tunnel" sudo -u vmuser ssh email@example.com -N -R 2213:127.0.0.1:22 -f # Random remote port (e.g. from another VM) echo "Starting random tunnel" sudo -u vmuser ssh firstname.lastname@example.com -N -L 2345:127.0.0.1:2345 -f
In this example a tunnel is created to the SSH server of the VM and an arbitrary port of the host is pulled into the VM.
This is a quite basic strategy to do networking with VMs. However, it is very robust and should be quite sufficient most of the time.
Performance Tuning
Pass all available host processor features:
-cpu host
Enable the virtio module for your network:
-net nic,model=virtio
Same goes for your hard drive:
-drive file='disk.img',if=virtio
For more about paravitualisation (virtio) see this page.
If you have a raw image, disable the cache:
-drive file='disk.img',if=virtio,cache=none
See: http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Tuning_KVM.
Nested virtualization
Enable nested feature for kvm_intel:
modprobe -r kvm_intel modprobe kvm_intel nested=1
Verify that feature is activated:
# systool -m kvm_intel -v | grep nested nested = "Y"
Create wrapper around qemu-kvm:
# cat /usr/bin/qemu-kvm-nested #!/bin/bash /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -cpu host "$@" # chmod a+x /usr/bin/qemu-kvm-nested # ls -la /usr/bin/qemu-kvm lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 29 oct. 15:38 /usr/bin/qemu-kvm -> qemu-system-x86_64 # ln -s /usr/bin/qemu-kvm-nested /usr/bin/qemu-kvm # ls -la /usr/bin/qemu-kvm lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 12 nov. 13:09 /usr/bin/qemu-kvm -> /usr/bin/qemu-kvm-nested
Boot VM and check if vmx flag is present:
grep vmx /proc/cpuinfo


text:
A CT scan is a type of x-ray. It uses a computer to make pictures of the inside of the body. In this case, images of the abdomen are taken.
Reasons for Test
A CT scan is done to study the organs and tissue in your abdomen. Your doctor will look for signs of:
- Injury
- Tumors
- Infections
- Other diseases
Your doctor may recommend an abdominal CT scan if you have the following symptoms:
- Abdominal pain
- Bowel changes
- Blood in urine or stool
- Evidence of intestinal blockage.
- Urinary difficulties
- Yellowed skin color
- Weight loss
- Unexplained fever
- Abdominal injury
- Fluid buildup in the abdomen
Possible Complications
Sometimes a chemical called contrast is used to help improve the pictures. Complications with contrast are rare but some people can have an allergic reaction or kidney problems .
A CT scan does use radiation. You and your doctor will weigh the harms and benefits of this test. A CT scan may not be advised if you are pregnant.
Be sure to discuss these risks with your doctor before the test.
What to Expect
Prior to Test
Your doctor may tell you to:
- Avoid eating or drinking anything for 4 hours before the test if contrast will be used.
- Remove any metal objects, such as jewelry, hearing aids, or dentures.
Description of the Test
Sometimes contrast is necessary. It helps make certain organs and tissue easier to see. It is often given by mouth in a drink. Other times, it will be injected into a vein. Occasionally, it is delivered by an enema.
You will be positioned on a special moving table. The table will move slowly through the CT scanner. You will need to stay still during the entire test. As the scanner takes pictures, you will hear humming and clicking. The technician will ask you to hold your breath at certain points. This will help get a clear picture. You will be able to talk to the technician through an intercom.
After Test
If you had contrast, you may be told to drink extra fluid. This will flush the contrast from your body.
How Long Will It Take?
About 30 minutes
Will It Hurt?
You may feel flushed if you received contrast. You may notice a salty or metallic taste in your mouth. You may also feel nauseated.
The CT images will be sent to a radiologist who will analyze them. Your doctor will receive the results and discuss them with you.
Call Your Doctor
Call your doctor if any of these occur:
- Hives
- Itching
- Nausea
- Swollen, itchy eyes
- Tightness of throat
- Difficulty breathing
If you think you have an emergency, call for emergency medical services right away.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Daus Mahnke, MD
- Review Date: 03/2018 -
- Update Date: 06/24/2013 -

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Join our community to give your input about products and services that matter to you. You will be rewarded for every completed survey in cash or points to redeem any product at Amazon.com. To influence the products of tomorrow, sign up NOW!
This site requires browser cookies to be enabled. Otherwise we can't get you log in properly. Please correct your browser settings and try again.
$12764249 USD earned site-wide
$2405Contest Rewards
31943Online Users


text:
An observation I've heard several times is that "open source copies; closed source innovates." For contributors to open source, such as me, the statement is likely to raise hackles and elicit indignation with examples such as Linux, Boost, Apache, Cunningham's wiki, emacs, TeX, and Clojure offered up as compelling contrary evidence. These examples vary in validity, but in all cases, they represent the exception, rather than the norm in OSS. The norm is that if you go searching in open-source directories for a piece of software, chances are good that you'll find dozens of candidates, many of which are very similar. This is, in fact, how it should be in a bazaar: People borrow from each other, make incremental improvements, or adapt the product to different needs resulting in a plethora of look-alike projects.
But beyond this incremental improvement, there is a wasteland of pure reinvention of the wheel. Someone wants to wade into the waters of writing their own editor, their own language, their own OS, and so on. They start the project and quickly come to realize it's a lot more work than they anticipated. And, of course, because theirs is one of hundreds of similar projects, they gain no community at all neither users nor contributors which makes it very hard for them to grind away at the needed work. Eventually, the project dies; and its remains live on forever in the repositories of open-source hosting sites. This makes for a chaotic open-source landscape in which useless artifacts continue to accumulate without the benefit of garbage collection.
I strongly believe that the core of the problem is poor project selection at the outset. Like many developers who have the "development bug," I could work on any one of a dozen projects that capture my imagination. I'd love to write a VM, do my own DSL, build my own Web framework. I could try any of these, but I know I have neither the bandwidth nor the deep interest to sustain me during the extended boring parts if no one else participates.
Given the profusion of possibilities, it's necessary to spend some thoughtful time up front. if I'm going to commit to a long project, it makes sense to choose it wisely. But assessing the capabilities for endurance on a long project is no trivial task. Computer scientist Edsger Dijkstra, known for numerous brilliant essays, suggested that the right project should have the following three characteristics.
First, choose a project in which you can raise "your quality standards as high as you can live with, avoid wasting your time on routine problems, and always try to work as closely as possible at the boundary of your abilities. Do this, because it is the only way of discovering how that boundary should be moved forward."
Next, as to the specific project to choose: "We all like our work to be socially relevant and scientifically sound. If we can find a topic satisfying both desires, we are lucky; if the two targets are in conflict with each other, let the requirement of scientific soundness prevail."
While Dijkstra was talking about scientific projects, it's not difficult to map this last injunction to programming projects.
And finally, the rule that probably most applies to OSS in the context of the previous discussion: "Never tackle a problem of which you can be pretty sure that (now or in the near future) it will be tackled by others who are, in relation to that problem, at least as competent and well-equipped as you."
This recommendation, perhaps more than any other, should be the guiding principle. It requires imagination, an understanding of one's own strengths and weaknesses, and some search of available solutions. When we look at OSS projects that were brilliantly successful, they were especially aligned to this guideline. As Dijkstra himself observed, "If others will come up with as good a solution as you could obtain, the world doesn't lose a thing if you leave the problem alone. A corollary of the third rule is that one should never compete with one's colleagues. If you are pretty sure that in a certain area you will do a better job than anyone else, please do it in complete devotion, but when in doubt, abstain. The third rule ensures that your contributions if any! will be unique."
For many developers, these rules might be too stringent. There is a lot of personal empowerment felt by starting to grind away at a new IDE for your favorite language, even if you later abandon it. But if the goal is to create a project of lasting value, one that will keep you busy and satisfied for its duration, Dijkstra's prescription, in my view, is the best way to go.
— Andrew Binstock
Editor in Chief
[email protected]
Twitter: platypusguy


text:
Trutex is the leading name in school uniform and school sportswear across the UK today and has been supplying quality clothing for over 150 years.
They work towards the 'ethical trading initiative base code', a worldwide standard to ensure employees within supplying factories around the world enjoy excellent working conditions in a clean safe environment for good pay. So when you buy Trutex, you are helping the people who made your uniform improve their quality of life.


text:
You can't go wrong with the Personalized Uneven Chevron Galaxy S5 Case with perfect chevrons with personalization it's the perfect custom accessory for your Galaxy S5. Turn heads with this design and customize with your own name, monogram or photos. The customization options are endless.
This Galaxy S5 case only weighs 1.5 oz. and is 146mm x 77mm x 13mm.
The possibilities are endless for your Galaxy S5 case. You can browse our collection of designs to help inspire you or you can start from scratch and create the perfect case. Our cases are completely custom. That means you choose the fonts, colors, and designs. There are infinite possibilities. Need help? We are here to assist you through chat and email. Use the chat on the lower right hand side of the page or contact us.
"really love my phone case and have had so many people ask where I got it!!"


text:
Touch feedback technology specialist Immersion Corporation has released its Haptic Muse effect preview app on Google Play as part of the company's Haptic SDK developer toolkit.
More Insights
White PapersMore >>
ReportsMore >>
WebcastsMore >>
NOTE: Website mobileburn.com nicely defines the term "haptic" as "feedback through the use of the sense of touch in a user interface design to provide information to an end user — when referring to mobile phones and similar devices, this generally means the use of vibrations (or other forces) from the device's vibration alarm to denote that a touchscreen button has been pressed.
The free animated effect preview app illustrates the Haptic SDK's library of 124 pre-designed haptic effects in a gaming context and is "designed to inspire" creativity for developers looking for ways to enhance their Android games with tactile effects.
The Haptic Muse app itself is a tour around a "haptic museum" with galleries built around common gaming use cases like sports, transportation, combat, and casinos.
Immersion's Suzanne Nguyen says that the effect library "significantly reduces integration time" by allowing developers to select from a list of effects designed to enhance a wide range of gaming environments.
"SEGA of America uses Immersion's Haptic SDK in its Sonic The Hedgehog 4 Episode II and Sonic CD titles, available on Google Play. Utilizing effects from Immersion's pre-designed library, SEGA's development teams incorporated haptics to simulate the crescendo as Sonic powers up and the jolt as he hits the launch pad and soars into the air," said Nguyen.


text:
Principal Proposed Uses
Native to high altitudes in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain states, the root of the osha plant is a traditional Native American remedy for respiratory infections and digestive problems . A related plant, Ligusticum wallichii, has a long history of use in Chinese medicine, and most of the scientific studies on osha were actually performed on this species.
What Is Osha Used for Today?
Osha is frequently recommended for use at the first sign of a respiratory infection. Like a sauna, it will typically induce sweating, and according to folk wisdom this may help avert the development of a full-blown cold . Osha is also taken during respiratory infections as a cough suppressant and expectorant, hence the common name "Colorado cough root." However, there have not been any double-blind placebo-controlled studies to verify these proposed uses. (For information on why double-blind studies are so important, see Why Does This Database Rely on Double-blind Studies? ),
Chinese research suggests that Ligusticum wallichii can relax smooth muscle tissue (perhaps thereby moderating the cough reflex) and inhibit the growth of various bacteria. 1 Whether these findings apply to osha as well is unknown.
Like other bitter herbs, osha is said to improve symptoms of indigestion and increase appetite.
Osha products vary in their concentration and should be taken according to directions on the label.
Safety Issues
Osha is believed to be safe, although the scientific record is far from complete. Traditionally, it is not recommended for use in pregnancy. Safety in young children, nursing women, or those with severe liver or kidney disease has also not been established.
One potential risk with osha is contamination with hemlock parsley, a deadly plant with a similar appearance. 2
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


text:
Carolina Barcode, Inc. is a privately held corporation specializing in Auto ID technology to include software and consulting services. Our customers include a wide range of both private and public companies from small businesses just starting out to Fortune 100 companies. Customers appreciate our in-depth knowledge and our wide-ranging industry affiliations. Our goal is to become the "go-to" place to help our clients leverage the technology, save money and streamline their operations. We are hyper-focused on Return-On-Investment (ROI) to demonstrate that using Auto ID technology can make your company more efficient and competitive.
Our mission, and the mission of this web site, is to provide you with the knowledge you need to make cost-effective and timely decisions when implementing barcode and RFID technology. To make this easier, we constantly update our site with reviews, news and general informational articles to make your job easier. Our staff is committed to providing you the information you need, when you need it.
In so doing, we seek to provide an environment where our professional staff is provided opportunity for growth, treated fairly, and expected to exceed client expectations.
|Carolina Barcode Inc
|(919) 802-5383
© Copyright 2020 by Carolina Barcode Inc.


text:
Mega man x virus mission - Mega man x virus mission.
Speel het, Waardeer het, doorsturen naar je virenden, toevoegen aan adventure game je blog or Hives/facebook.
Mega man x virus mission.
Je bent speler nummer: 8624 | ">Meer Mega Man - adventure games
| Report about problem with a game! Full Screen Mode
Free Online Games from AddictingGames Welcome to Addicting Games, the largest source of the best free online games including funny games, flash games, arcade games, dress-up games, internet games, shooting games, word games, RPG games, racing games, and much more. Thousands of choices from some of the best developers around, like Armor Games, Games2Win, and even yours truly, Addicting Games!


text:
IT Services | IT Support | Digital Marketing Agency
Your One Stop Shop For IT Services and Digital Marketing
Managed IT Services | IT Support | On Demand Support | IT Consultation
Web Design | Web Hosting | SEM | SEM | SMMOur goal is determining your company's technology needs, and then managing the solutions to achieve your goals. Not only can it be a challenge from your real job of running and growing the business but it becomes an unwelcomed distraction. That's where Precise Business Solutions comes in as a Managed IT services provider because our aim is to relieve you of the stresses and strains of technology by providing procurement, management and maintenance. Therefore, you are able to grow and manage your business effectively and efficiently. Our team consists of motivated, high achievers committed to delivering unsurpassed service to a wide range of industry verticals. Even more, we maintain a disciplined approach to the IT services industry and provide top tier IT support, security and superior value for all our clients. Finally, we love what we do and take pride in our work.
IT Services in Texas! See more videos here!
IT Support in Texas! Letting business owners get back to work!Due to desktop computers and mobile devices, the demands placed on your time by IT quickly add up. If you're anything like the average business owner, this is time you simply don't have. You need to be focusing on growing your company, not constantly fixing technology. That's where the team of experts at Precise Business Solutions can help. The experienced professionals from Precise Business Solutions deliver Managed IT Services in Texas that helps you simplify doing business. Also, providing excellent IT support in Texas is above all. Furthermore, our IT consultation in The Woodlands is focused on your best interests, NOT ours because client satisfaction on positive results matter to us. Besides that, our services costs are the most competitive in the market because we care about our clients success. Let's face it, when it comes to your computers and internet, you just want it to work. Because of our proactive approach to IT management we relieve you of your technology woes. Therefore, no matter which systems and devices you use, we provide day-to-day support that prevents problems from cropping up. As a result, quickly resolve any issues that do slip through the cracks. Above all, our proven methods ensure our clients less downtime, greater productivity and in turn greater success. Best of all, do all of this for a flat monthly fee, so your bank balance benefits as well. Outsourcing your IT support in The Woodlands and IT services in The Woodlands to Precise, you get more than just a vendor. In return, you get a local IT partner focused on growing your business. We offer Web Design, IT Services, Managed IT Services, IT Support, Cloud Server Solutions, Server Management, Server Hosting, Web Hosting, Search Engine Optimization/SEO, Search Engine Marketing/SEM, Social Media Marketing/SMM and VoIP for Spring, Texas. You can see who we have provided IT Services, Managed IT Services, IT Support, Cloud Server Solutions, Server Management, Server Hosting, Web Hosting, Web Design, Search Engine Optimization, Search Engine Marketing, Social Media Marketing and VoIP for around Spring, Texas below. Please contact us if you have any questions or visit our home page here.
Our portfolio for this is currently under construction. Other portfolio sections for our work which we've done near Spring, Texas include Oak Ridge North, Texas It Support Houston Tx, The Woodlands, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Shenandoah, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Porter Heights, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Aldine, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Humble, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Tomball, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Hudson, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Woodbranch, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Atascocita, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Jersey Village, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Conroe, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Oak Cliff Place, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Roman Forest, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Patton Village, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Pinehurst, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Cut and Shoot, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Cypress, Texas It Support Houston Tx, Splendora, Texas It Support Houston Tx, and Spring Valley, Texas It Support Houston Tx. Even though they did not get their own portfolio section, we do also serve the nearby cities of There was an error with contacting the service. Please check your Best Local SEO Tools settings like the state *full name* and city name. Some cities may cause bugs because they are not in our database. If that is the case,


text:
Private equity results have been less than stellar in the past few years, but a recent Bain & Co. report suggest the sector could see a turnaround this year.
Despite last year's modest returns and the overhang of portfolio companies, the consulting firm and other sources say, PE-industry observers are optimistic about near-term results.
One reason for this optimism? Industry data shows that private-equity firms closed—or exited–129 funds in the first quarter of 2013 for a total of $67.1 billion, compared to $79 billion in the first quarter of 2012. And some firms are reporting improvements of 10-20% this year in fund raising.
Tough 12 Months
In its Global Private Equity Report 2013 report, Bain says the overall PE internal rates of return averaged 5.5% in 2012. This was the weakest performance since the 2008 financial crisis.
Several factors influenced that short-term performance.
Portfolio valuations, which are portfolio investments that general partners have not sold, reflected movements in the public equity markets, and equity markets in 2012 were volatile, according to the recent Bain & Co. report notes.
"In the 12-month period through June 2012, stock markets were prone to jitters about possible sovereign-debt default and a potential double-dip recession. That volatility took a toll on PE valuations, affecting PE fund returns in all major geographies and all size categories," the report explains.
"Funds that focused on the European and Asian markets experienced more volatility in their valuations and suffered the steepest declines in their short-term returns. The swings were also more pronounced for the biggest buyout funds, in part because they typically use more leverage than the smaller funds do," Bain notes.
Another factor affecting returns has been the growing inventory of portfolio companies that PE funds hold.
The goal for PE funds is to sell (or "exit", in industry parlance) their investments for a profit. Exit strategies can include IPOs, sales to strategic buyers through merger and acquisition, and sale to another PE fund (sponsor-to-sponsor).
It's been a difficult environment for exits, however. Bain & Co. report that "worldwide exit activity in 2012 fell below the pace of the previous two years. Exit conditions were inhospitable in Europe and Asia; North America gained some traction. Unrealized holdings in general partners' portfolios increased to more than $2 trillion, an all-time high. Sales to strategic buyers were off as corporations hoarded cash in the face of macroeconomic uncertainty. Volatile equity markets stifled IPOs in Europe and Asia, but the IPO market held up better in North America. Only sponsor-to-sponsor exits were up in 2012."
Other researchers have also noted the exit problem. According to data compiled by Seattle-based research firm PitchBook Data Inc., funds held an estimated 6,500 unsold portfolio companies as of year-end 2012. Those companies represented 69% of PE firms' total assets under management as measured on September 30, 2012.
Reasons for Optimism
Despite last year's modest returns and the overhang of portfolio companies, PE-industry observers are optimistic about future results.
In its "1H 2013 Private Equity Exits Report" PitchBook Data observed: "2012 marked the third consecutive year that both exit volume and capital exited have increased. PE firms executed a record 626 exits from companies headquartered in the U.S. during 2012, bringing in a total of $134.5 billion."
Barring any major economic shocks, Bain adds, "prospects are good that 2013 will be a better year than preceding ones. Beyond struggling Europe, market conditions for PE are solid."
General partnerships, it notes, have lots of "dry powder they are eager to put to work." In addition, the debt markets of 2013 have had a good, strong start, "with both the cost and availability of borrowing for leveraged-buyout offers very favorable."
Some high-profile macro considerations have improved both in the U.S. and China.
Finally, Bain & Co. is also optimistic on PE's outlook as improved equity market performance in the second half of 2012 boosted portfolio valuations.


text:
Classical BytesHear the works of the ten greatest composers on Classical Bytes. Find out about their lives and read about their music on the Classical Bytes Web site.
Classical Bytes is the new entry-level classical series. The CDs are samplers of key tracks providing a panoramic overview of the composer's musical scope.
The covers feature cartoon illustrations of the composers that take them out of their historic context and imagine them as living presences in our modern day culture, no less vital than their music has remained. Each cover was done by a different renowned U.S. cartoonist to create an eye-catching mix and emphasize the uniqueness of every featured composer. (Read more about the cover designers in the Repertoire Background section below.)
Various styles of cartoon characters are as much part of global modern culture as quick access to information via the Internet is. Classical Bytes is designed to give a quick, accessible and fun overview of the composer's works and lives and leave you with an appetite to learn more.
Full Discography


text:
If you have diabetes, you are not alone. There are many Americans who have either type 1 (insulin-dependent) or type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes. Effective treatment requires vigilant monitoring to keep glucose levels in a healthy range. Chronically elevated glucose in the blood can lead to serious eye, kidney, heart, and nerve disease. Fortunately, there are technologies that offer convenient ways to manage the disease and prevent complications.
Continuous Glucose Monitor
The standard way of measuring blood glucose involves taking a blood sample from your fingertip and using a meter to check your glucose levels. But there are advanced systems, called continuous glucose monitors (CGM), that offer more convenience and less pain. With a CGM, you place a tiny sensor under your skin. This sensor, which needs to be replaced every few days, measures glucose levels and sends the information to a wireless device that you wear. You can program the monitor; for example, it can take measurements every 5 minutes and sound an alarm if your levels become too high or too low. This device works around the clock.
Depending on the product, the information stored on the device can be downloaded to a computer. Special software allows you to track your levels and identify trends, providing important data to share with your doctor. Additionally, some devices allow you to press a button to record events, like when you give yourself an insulin shot, have a meal, or exercise. This information gets captured to create a picture of your diabetes management.
The downside of CGMs is that they may not be as accurate as the standard meters and finger prick samples. However, as technology advances, so do CGMs. Real time alarms, accuracy, and reliability help users maintain better glucose control while avoiding pitfalls like hypoglycemia.
Combined Systems: CGM and Insulin Pump
While insulin pumps have been around for several decades, there are other products that pair the pump with the CGM. This system is comprised of a sensor and glucose monitor, an insulin pump, and tubing that is inserted under the skin to deliver insulin. The monitor transmits information wirelessly to the pump, which has a calculator to determine how much insulin you should receive. The dose is based on a number of factors, like the time and amount of your last insulin dose, your current blood glucose level, and the amount of carbs that you plan to eat. By combining technologies, these advanced products are designed to help you manage your diabetes by automatically fine-tuning the insulin dose, avoiding calculation errors, and adding convenience.
Advances in technology play a key role. Newer combined systems take the best of both methods to help stabilize your glucose levels. Fine-tuning of insulin dosing make glucose control in everyday life easier and safer.
Home A1C Test
The A1C (also called the glycosolated hemoglobin or HbA1c) test shows the glucose levels in your body over the past 2-3 months. This test is important because it gives you and your doctor an overall view of how well you are managing diabetes and whether you need changes to your treatment plan.
In the past, you had to visit your doctor to have this test done. Now, you can check your A1C levels at home using a finger prick test with results available within minutes—no waiting in the doctor's office and no waiting for results to return from the lab.
The accuracy of these home tests may vary, though. If you are interested in using one, your doctor can recommend a product and teach you how to use it. Remember that home monitoring only allows you to take the test at home. It is important to follow-up with your doctor who will make any adjustments to the amount of insulin you need.
Researchers are constantly working on new treatments, some of which have already been used successfully by people with diabetes throughout the world. Of course, the ultimate solution for people who are insulin-dependent would be to enable the body to make its own insulin again. Better methods for transplanting healthy islet cells (insulin producers of the pancreas) or coaxing stem (embryonic) cells to produce insulin may one day offer a cure for diabetes. Even without a cure, today's products have brought diabetes management a long way since the discovery of insulin in 1921.
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Michael Woods, MD, FAAP
- Review Date: 06/2017 -
- Update Date: 06/30/2017 -


text:
Fachbereich Informatik
Year of publication
- 1999 (2) (remove)
- English (2) (remove)
- application (2) (remove)
A non-trivial real-time requirement obeying a pattern that can be foundin various instantiations in the application domain building automation, and which is therefore called generic, is investigated in detail. Starting point is a description of a real-time problem in natural language augmented by a diagram, in a style often found in requirements documents. Step by step, this description is made more precise and finally transformed into a surprisingly concise formal specification, written in real-time temporal logic with customized operators. Wereason why this formal specification precisely captures the original description- as far as this is feasible due to the lack of precision of natural language.
A generic approach to the formal specification of system requirements is presented. It is based on a pool of requirement patterns, which are related to design patterns well-known in object-oriented software development. The application of such patterns enhances the reusability and genericity as well as the intelligibility of the formal requirement specification. The approach is instantiated by a tailored real-time temporal logic and by selecting building automation systems as application domain. With respect to this domain, the pattern discovery and reuse tasks are explained and illustrated, and a set of typical requirement patterns is presented. Finally, the results of a case study where the approach has been applied are summarized.


text:
Send Tweet from OpEdNews
You are not logged in to OpEdNews. You can still send a tweet, but if you had been registered and logged in,
your tweet could contain an image and more. Click Here to login/register.
From OpEdNews:
Characters Left
Now, we need to verify that you are human. Not an automated bot. Simply type in the two security numbers below.


text:
Report an Intellectual Property Violation
Report that this listing includes content that violates the Acceptable Use Policies
Report a problem with my order
I am the owner of the content in question
I am authorized to act on behalf of the owner of the content in question
It contains Hate Speech or is used for Harassment
It contains graphic sexual or pornographic content
It promotes or advocates violence or harm
It makes false, confusing, or misleading claims
Please check out ourHelp Centerfor more resources. If you are unable to find the help you need, our Help Center can direct your question to the right support team.
We'll never post without your permission.


text:
The purpose of screening is early diagnosis and treatment. Screening tests are administered to people without current symptoms, but who may be at high risk for certain diseases or conditions.
There are no screening tests available for gout.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: Michael Woods, MD, FAAP
- Review Date: 02/2017 -
- Update Date: 03/15/2015 -


text:
I Want to thank you for your excellent services and prices. MisterArt is the best of the best! Thank you again and happy new year.
More Testimonials »
In 1832, William Winsor and Henry Newton founded Winsor & Newton out of Henry Newton's home in London. Their involvement with the artist community, and interest in painting, spurred Winsor and Newton to create new and innovative artist materials.
In 1837, Winsor and Newton introduced Chinese White, an opaque zinc white for watercolor artists. The company was recognized by the Royal family early in its existence, being appointed as artists' colourmen to Queen Victoria in 1841. Winsor and Newton has continued to receive the endorsement of successive Royal Households, beginning with the reception of their first Royal Warrant by Queen Victoria in 1841. This warrant allows them to be styled "By Appointment to HRH The Prince of Wales", and to display the Prince of Wales badge of three feathers on their premises, delivery vehicles, stationary, advertisements, and their products.
With its long history and continued success, Winsor and Newton takes their ecological footprint very seriously in the 21st century.
Only FSC sourced wood is used for all Winsor and Newton brush handles, easels, and canvas stretchers. All the natural hair products come from sustainable sources, and are by-products of other industries. The company has also reduced the amount of water used in their factory, resulting in a savings of 1.2 million litres of water annually. [ visit manufacturer website ]
Artisan Series Brushes
Winsor & Newton
Up to 59% Off
Artisan Water Mixable Oil Colour Beginners...
At Least
39% Off
Artisan Water Mixable Oil Colours
Artists' Acrylic Gesso
Up to 49% Off
Artists' Acrylic UV Varnishes
Up to 48% Off
Artists' Gloss Varnish
Up to 45% Off
Artists' Oil Brushes
Artists' Oil Colours
Artists' Oil Painting Medium
Artists' Retouching Varnish
Artists' Water Colour Compact Set
BrushMarker Sets
Up to 33% Off
Monday - Friday 8:30 a.m. - 5 p.m.
Special Offers, Art News, Deals & More
Check the FAQ Section!
Congratulations! 🎉
You have added a 1 year VIP Savings Club Membership to your cart. You are now seeing VIP Member prices for every item we sell!
This window will close in 9
Enjoy VIP treatment for an entire year with unparalleled service and additional savings on every item in the store. VIP Membership Includes:


text:
|Home | FAQ
|Search: Advanced | Person | Company | Type | Class
|Quick search:
|Patent Issue Date Details
|This table shows patent issue date data.
The 'shotgun' links will bring up a page that lets you quickly click on the utility patents issued on the date selected. Clicks in the Datamp Count column will bring up the patents in the datamp database that have the grant date of the row selected. Clicks in the withdrawn column will bring up a page showing withdrawn patents that were originally issued on the grant date for the selected row.


text:
Poetry Anthologies
Scroll down for a selection of poetry anthologies featuring Andrea's poems. Her work appears in over 100 anthologies, many of them worldwide successes, including the World Book Day Poetry Books.
You should find these books in your local library (children's poetry section) or in your your school library. Many are also available to buy online or from your favourite bookstore.
Autographed copies of Grandma was Eaten by a Shark and Shouting at the Ocean can be ordered directly from this site.
Other Poetry Anthologies Andrea has Featured In
Here are a range of some of the anthologies that Andrea has been published in. You can still find these in some bookshops, public libraries and even online.


text:
Reset My Password
This will send a password reset to your email address on file. A reminder that your email address on your account must be valid and working to receive the reset request.
If you have lost access to your email, can you try an email change rqeuest here:
Change My Email Address


text:
OfB Open Choice Awards 2002: KDE 3.0 Best Desktop
Open for Business has held its first annual
The KDE mail client KMail won in the category
Not to forget the "best of the best" poll
... where KDE3.0 is leading by a comfortable margin and ~1/3 of votes ;-)
By Marc Mutz at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
And where...
the only runner up was Enlightenment which is not a desktop environment. And the only argument for that was that 'Enlightenment has a beautiful interface that is a pleasure to work with'. And to nominate Enlightment as a runner up for a desktop environment must be a bad joke. Enlightenment is obviously a dead project, and as you probably know Rasterman says that the future of computing is not desktop environment but those little appliances that run kastrated applications called 'embedded'.
By antialias at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Enlightenment is not a dead project.
By JC at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
What do you mean not a desktop environment. It is certainly not just a window manager. It has a lot of functionality and extras, maybe not as COMPLETE as KDE, but still it certainly has some interesting stuff there.
By A Ivarsson at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
It has probably something of a desktop, but it is certainly not a desktop environment. The development environments are actually the biggest part of a DE like KDE or GNOME, not the panel and background managment.
By Spark at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
A desktop environment has to have some functionality which Enlightenment doesn't have: panel, icons on the desktop and at least a file manager. Not to talk about a lot of applications (browser, e-mail client, irc client, office suite etc. etc.). It has been announced that Evolution 0.17 would have some of DE functionality, but it is not here yet. And taking in consideration that Rasterman has a very pessimistic opinion about the future of Linux desktops I doubt it that you will see Enlightenment 0.17 in near future. When a main coder of a project doesn't believe in what he is doing the future of that project doesn't look bright.
By antialias at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Okay, maybe I confused desktop environment with user interface here. Still, i don't understand why every DE would need a panel like in KDE. There could be different approaches.
By A Ivarsson at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Yes, of course, there can be different approaches...
So far, all major OSes/environments (Windows, MacOS, KDE, GNOME) use Panel.
Vadim Plessky
By Vadim Plessky at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Not so fast. MacOS, IIRC, didn't use to have a panel before version 10, yet nobody would say that it wasn't a desktop environment. OSX inherited the panel from NeXT's dock which, however far you stretch it, was not really a panel. And NeXT didn't have icons on the desktop either. Yet, many will agree that NeXT was a desktop environment, much like GNUstep, which doesn't have a panel or icons on the desktop, but still provides the basic infrastructure libraries.
It doesn't have to look and smell like Windows to be a desktop. The power of KDE is that you don't really need the kicker or the desktop icons to be productive. It's true that the panel idea is very common (you forgot CDE and, by extension, XFCE), but it doesn't mean that one cannot do without it.
On the other hand, Raster & co keep stressing that E17 will not be a DE, but a desktop shell.
By cosmo at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
Ot: Browser based desktop
> Yes, of course, there can be different approaches...
They did! Have you looked at EOne(?), I think they do exactly that using mozilla.
By Morty at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
Re: Ot: Browser based desktop
I was speaking about Nestcape, now AOL Time Warner.
By Vadim Plessky at Wed, 2002/07/31 - 5:00am
Re: Ot: Browser based desktop
By Smith at Sat, 2007/05/05 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
About the panel. Is not the panel supposed to represent things that we usually do not keep on top of our desk? Like the trashcan. Usually, I put the trashcan on the floor and my "home"(my files) on the shelves. The desk(desktop) is only for stuff I am currently working with. I have fanally seen somebody take the trashcan of the desk, Mac OS X. Iguess it is possible in KDE too.
By A Ivarsson at Wed, 2002/07/31 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Yeah I had exactly the same thought. The desktop is stupid place to put my trashcan and important stuff on. And it's funny how this analogy fits for computer systems. :) The desktop is great to temporarily place work there but it's awefull for important stuff (because it constantly gets covered by something).
By Spark at Thu, 2002/08/01 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Ok, Rasterman can be very pessimistic about the future of Linux desktops, but I am pretty optimistic. :-)
Vadim Plessky
By Vadim Plessky at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
> ... at least a file manager.
The E17 filemanager is, or will be, http://evidence.sourceforge.net/.
By Kristian Köhntopp at Wed, 2002/07/31 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
One other note: I should mention while E was the only runner up, we also considered GNOME 2.0 for the award. Unfortunately, GNOME kept crashing on our test system (using GARNOME-based GNOME 2.0), and some things just didn't work at all.
By Timothy R. Butler at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
What is GARNOME? I am curious!
By Vadim Plessky at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Hello Vadim,
GARNOME, available at: http://www.gnome.org/~jdub/garnome/ is a method of delivering the GNOME desktop (and other projects) to testers.
If you'd like more information, I'm sure I can help. Try it out! 0.12.2 is extremely stable and well worth looking at :)
By Anon Man at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Hi Anon Man!
Thanks for explanation, GARNOME's idea sounds very solid and interesting.
By Vadim Plessky at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Hi Vadim,
garnome is a port(age)-like installation system for DE. This means: building your own packages from source. Its supports Gnome2 and KDE3.0.2
By Thorsten Schnebeck at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Right, so you used a packaged version of KDE but compiled up your own version of GNOME 2.0. Did you read the release notes? I'm betting not, since only those people who haven't have had serious problems with GNOME 2.0.
Thanks for confirming what I already had a pretty good idea of. You are a KDE rag, and wouldn't know the quality of GTK/GNOME from a hole in the wall. Your awards are a sham... and in South Park language, I call shennanigans.
By Compton at Wed, 2002/07/31 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Yes, I compiled my own version of GNOME 2, since my distro didn't have packages for it yet. I carefully followed the directions provided by the GARNOME team, installed all the needed dependencies, and then let it happily go to work. The result: An unusable copy of GNOME 2.
As I said, I could have just ignored GNOME 2, since there wasn't a Ximian package or a normal package available... but that would have only disqualified GNOME. Wasn't it better I spent the time and effort to *try* to consider it?
Now, really, if you want to be fair about all of this, the GNOME users visiting the dot really should quit assuming guilty until proven innocent. I know you'd love to find a way to prove I tried to make GNOME 2 fail, but there simply isn't anyway to do that. I was very excited about GNOME 2. I wanted GNOME 2 to go well. I was even considering switching to GNOME 2 if everything went alright. That, if anything, was biased towards GNOME and not against it.
By Timothy R. Butler at Wed, 2002/07/31 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
>As I said, I could have just ignored GNOME 2,
No, you didn't have to ignore it, but I didn't see you making it clear that you weren't using a packaged version, but rather one you'd thrown together yourself - and as I said, not read the notes.
As for this "it wasn't ready" - fine, if you want to do a proper comparison you wait until it is or ignore it making clear why. What you did was a hatchet job dressed up as fair comment.
As for slamming Evolution for not integrating with KDE... boo hoo. How about slamming KMail for not integrating with GNOME. Oh yes, that's "because KDE is the most popular" - which shows why your awards are a worthless sham and you have little or no journalistic integrity.
By Compton at Thu, 2002/08/01 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
Okay, first, I didn't comment on GNOME at all except saying that it might have been "GNOME's year to shine" had it not been for KDE 3.0. So there was clearly no place to mention the fact that I built my own packages (which usually provides good results with KDE). If you notice the Awards were done as brief mini-reviews, and as such, such details - especially about those that did not win was a bit excessive. I did read the instructions on the GARNOME site (as I mentioned) more info on the GNOME site, and who knows what else, so why I would say I didn't read the notes is beyond me.
Re: waiting, you surely don't expect me to delay awards for a product that isn't ready, do you? C'mon it might not be ready until the end of the year, that is just silly.
Finally, I didn't slam Evolution. I gave it a runners up, which was a pretty good thing considering there are also a number of other very good clients out there. No, Evolution isn't integrated with KDE, and yes I found KDE more intuitive, thus I found Evolution less intuitive then the one that integrates with a system I found more intuitive - and that is unfair how? Simply put KMail benefits from the features that caused us to choose KDE as the best desktop, therefore, KMail did have the upperhand. However, if you had read all of my comments, you would know there were other reasons I didn't pick Evolution (such as the fact that it was unstable and had GPG problems).
I know it is terribly disappointing that GNOME didn't do an awards sweep this year, but as I noted Gaim and OEone - which both depend on GTK - both took top honors in different categories.
So far, you've slammed my reputation a number times with unsubstantiated evidence. Isn't that what you have accused me of doing with GNOME?
By Timothy R. Butler at Thu, 2002/08/01 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
>So there was clearly no place to mention the fact that I built my own packages
Oh really... no place to state a basic fact? Well, I suppose that tells us even more about your style.
>(which usually provides good results with KDE)
It does with GNOME. The idiots who scream ./configure && make && make install is easy, know nothing. You need to know what to do... you already admit that you are familiar with KDE and not too familar with GNOME. Presumably, this is the first time you've bothered to compile it.
>Re: waiting, you surely don't expect me to delay awards for a
Did I say that? I believe I gave a couple of options. Wait, or don't includ GNOME 2 at all - stating why. You chose to do a hatchet job on a something you didn't understand and didn't even state that you had compiled it yourself. Just out of interest, when things didn't work in your self-compiled version, did you bother to check with some GNOME mailing lists to find out what your problem might be. Or did you forget all about such a basic thing.
>more intuitive - and that is unfair how?
Criticising a product, one written for GNOME, because it doesn't integrate with your own favourite desktop is fair how? You are simply twisting words. All of the things you criticising Evolution for were simply wrong... especially when it is used in a GNOME environment. As for "unstable" - this is simply rubbish. For all I know you have compiled the damned things yourself again. If you read my other comment, I've been using it for a very long time and had no trouble. Now obviously that doesn't rule out possible problems, but you do already have a track record for not revealing important details and a definite bias mixed with cluelessness.
>I know it is terribly disappointing that GNOME didn't do
And this is pathetic... it just reveals your real biases.
You just don't get it, do you. GNOME 2 came out a month ago. it has had no time to mature. I don't *care* if it sweeps your stupid awards. I am tired of reading biased rubbish from KDE sites that try to portray themselves as neutral. Had you simply stated that you considered GNOME 2 too immature for the moment and left it out I doubt it would have caused any fuss.
>So far, you've slammed my reputation a number
The only reputation you are getting is for being biased; not revealing important details in your "awards"; and being a click-through-whore.
None of that is unsubstantiated for anyone who has followed your site's antics over the last day or so.
By Comption at Thu, 2002/08/01 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
First, yes, there was no room - BECAUSE I DIDN'T MENTION HOW GNOME FAIRED IN THE AWARDS. You can't mention why every package didn't get the award if you want to focus on those that did. Honestly, I don't remember if it was the first time I compiled the software or not. I suspect it probably was, I usually use the RPMs (when available), but GARNOME was so easy it was a snap... and fast too. I should note I've used/tested GNOME since version 0.12. Either way the product was *obviously* not ready for primetime yet - something most everyone admits - so why are you surprised it didn't win? KDE won, why not leave it at that?
Now, on Evolution I used precompiled packages included with Mandrake 8.1 IIRC. Associate Editor Steven Hatfield I think may have used Red Carpet or used precompiled packages for SuSE 7.2... I'm pretty sure he used Red Carpet. We both had trouble.
Anyway, I think I've shown I'm even willing to discuss things with trolls, so how about being a bit kinder, eh? Each message you accuse me of new and horrible wrongs... I'll be up to using Windows to write the review soon. ;-) And, no, I didn't do that - I used KWord (I vary between KWord and OpenOffice depending on my mood) and WordPerfect 8 for Linux.
Anyway, so far you have yet to explain how I'm biased when I have attacked KDE in numerous places. You've also failed to show how most awards come with disclaimers about why each product considered didn't win. Listen, why get nasty? I'm trying to explain what happened here, and you *want* to think I did something... don't you?
About the RedHat story: I didn't expect it to be big... it was, but I didn't expect it to be. It was, most people agreed, and I left a great big link at the bottom of it so everyone could see for themselves what happened. Furthermore, within an hour of RedHat's change of heart I had updated information online and contacted LT to let them know RedHat had resolved the problem. Would someone truly who is truly biased zealot do that?
The simple fact is, I've taken the middle road most of the time. I prefer KDE for myself, but at the same time I anxiously await every GNOME release. I also prefer Gaim to Kopete, think Mozilla is really nice, and prefer Mandrake's GTK-based config tools to SuSE's Qt-based ones. I think my record - if you really examine it - speaks for itself. I use what works best in my opinion.
Emphasis on opinion - the exact reason why I made sure the RedHat story was a commentary story. It was my opinion RedHat was in the wrong. It is your opinion they are not. We are both biased different ways. Can't we leave it at that and drop the vicious attacks?
By Timothy R. Butler at Thu, 2002/08/01 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
I just read through the board and i am stunned by your ignorance. First of all, did you ever think about process time when rating. Enlightenment using gnome's desktop enviroment even outperforms kde. Using enlightenment, fluxbox, or icewm with the xfce desktop beats kde speedwise hands down. I wouldn't be surprised if explorer could be faster. You could probably check considering most of your boxes have windows on them. Kde is for know-nothing linux users whothink they know what they are doing because they are efficient in windows. Kde is just an explorer replacement for windows. If you want user friendliness, why would you use linux in the first place. As for your credibility, i know nothing about you, but knowing that you primarily use rpms and will try to use them at all cost is a good indicator of what you know. Why would you use binaries that were compiled to some other computer, when you can compile them on yours, so they are built to your computer. Using precompiled binaries is about as low as using the precompiled kernel that came with your distro. Such things like Elinks and Naim most likely are rather to you. I dont fully support Gnome as it is based on the same theory that kde is, user friendliness, but if i was so inept as to have to have someone combine a window manager, a desktop, a "panel", and a bunch of do-it-for-you configuration programs, i would choose gnome any day of the week and i definately would find myself qualified to rate anything in the linux community. At least with most standalone wms and desktop enviroments you have the ability to tailor it exactly the way you want it. Using kde i feel contricted, the same feeling as being in windows. The beauty of linux is that you are free, why give up that freedom? Although going without your fancy desktop enviroment and file manager is a little tough(though i dont see how), why take the fun away from yourself figuring out how to do it. It is morons like you that are ruining linux. If i was a pessimist and thought linux as we know it is dying, i would blame distros like red hat and mandrake, and most importantly, i would blame kde.
By Dude at Wed, 2004/05/19 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
One word: Paragraphs.
One short sentence: Paragraphs are good.
One longer sentence: I would have replied more carefully, but the thought of reading that huge solid block of letters makes my head hurt.
One inadequate answer: I am a goddamn knowledgeable Linux user. The first kernel I compiled was 1.1.53pl15 in a Yggdrasil fall plug and play linux distro. Now that the geeky bragging is done: I install RPMs every time I can (unless the version I want is not available as RPM).
If it is not available, I *make* a RPM of it (checkinstall is nice and easy).
Why? Because the alleged optimization of self-compiling is simply unmeasured so far. Take Gentoo. Take Slackware. Take Fedora. Do something. Measure it.
If you have a number, good, then come and say how self-compiling is great. If you don't, you are just making noise, telling people they should do things the harder, slower (compiling takes longer) way, based on no data.
Your comments about "if i was so inept as to have to have someone combine a window manager, a desktop, a "panel", and a bunch of do-it-for-you configuration programs" is really a sign of muddled thinking or ignorance.
How is kicker combined with kdesktop or kwin? They are separate programs.
Sure, they share libraries. They also share libraries with enlightenment, if you care.
Now, they share way *more* libs with each other, that is true.
But how is that bad? That actually brings resource usage *down*.
Unless all you want is to start a WM and look at it, you need apps. If those apps share libs with each other, there's less code duplication, and for equal functionality, resource usage should be lower.
For example, open kwin (without kicker, kdesktop, etc), and blackbox.
Resource usage for blackbox will be lower.
Now, suppose you want to browser a web page. You can use a mozilla variant, or, konqueror, which are the only adequate browsers (ok, there's opera).
Guess what? kwin+konqueror will use less resources than blackbox+konqueror or blackbox+mozilla.
If you really want to use your computer instead of fiddle with it or look at it, an integrated desktop and RPMs are the way to go, Dude. Trust me, I used Yggdrasil.
By Roberto Alsina at Fri, 2004/05/21 - 5:00am
Re: And where...
He, I just replied to a guy flaming someone for a two-year-old thread. I must get out more. I blame flatforty though!
By Roberto Alsina at Fri, 2004/05/21 - 5:00am
Nice awards...
Their reasoning for choosing KMail instead of Evolution is... "interesting" at best:
The whole article looks like this too me. "We think this is cool and we heard that others have problems with something, also most people use this, etc".
Choosing Enlightenment because it looks neat and polished is also very interesting for a business related website. Considering that E is probably one of the least userfriendly of all windowmanagers and it's not even a DE...
Whatever. Congratulations though...
By Spark at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
I agree with you. Choosing Enlightenment as the runner-up desktop environment should raise a red flag as to the judgment of the judges. I also agree that the reasoning for not choosing Evolution was a bit weak.
Nontheless, KDE 3.0 is a beautiful desktop environment, and KMail is a great email client. Both could deservedly be seen to win their awards (reasonable minds can differ :-). I just think that the awards/recognition would be a bit more satisfying if the judges were more thorough in their thinking.
By aigiskos at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
As far as Enlightenment, if properly configured (as Mandrake has it), we were able to quickly change basic settings and launch all of our favorite applications. In addition to this, it looks and feels polished. Face it, people coming from a Windows background expect polish. Quite frankly, E worked much better in our tests then GNOME 2. GNOME 2 was extremely unrelable to work with.
Anyway, I hope this helps a bit.
By Timothy R. Butler at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
No, this didn't help.
I whish their will be a time when KDE and GNOME supporters can be really fair and honest and not constantly backstab each other.
By Spark at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
Enlightenment is much more then a basic Window manager (even if it isn't a full blown desktop environment). But if it was, WM's and DE's both deserve a shot at the award. E is quite good, and suitable for business usage.
Now back to Evolution. The key point is, KMail integrates with the most popular D.E. - the D.E. that is preferred with every distro that is admits it is a desktop distro. It is also the D.E. we found most usable in our awards. KMail has a very similar feature set (if only considering e-mail and not PIM functions) to Evolution. Now, if we add on top of that in our experience and that of our collegues, that Evolution crashes more, has more trouble with GPG, etc., doesn't that make it a good reason to pick KMail?
Back to integration for a moment, consider this: We say "KDE is really great, you should use KDE." Then, we are suppose to say "you shouldn't use this nice, full featured, stable e-mail client that works with KDE, you should use this less stable one that looks completely different and will raise TCO (due to training costs), 'cuz it has PIM fuctionality." Does this make sense? I know that is taking what you are saying to the extreme, but I think it does demonstrate the fact that it is perfectly reasonable to base part of a decision on the fact that one works better with the best D.E. (according to our awards).
If you are still not convinced I'm not biased, please read my recent critique of KDE at http://www.linuxandmain.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=131 . I think this demonstrates I can sit on either side of the wall quite well.
By Timothy R. Butler at Sun, 2002/07/28 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
Shouldn't the training costs be lower since Evolution is *meant* to replace Outlook?
I mean, in my office Outlook is the standard. When I got started in Linux, for me to move from Outlook to Evolution was a breeze...
Isn't that a valid point too?
By Anon Man at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
It would be, but the point is, if you give people different tools that work differently, you raise the training costs. For instance, if you standardize on KDE, you have common save/insert box, standard dialog box, integrated address book, etc. Everything works together - like in Windows.
On the other hand GTK and thus Evolution has very different, confusing (for a newbie) dialog boxes, a seperate address book, etc. Also without changing settings, the right e-mail client will not launch when you click an e-mail link somewhere in KDE.
This is all solvable, but the former stuff is kind of bad in large deployments and the latter (changing of e-mail settings) is bad of SMB clients. If you've ever provided technical support, you will know how much the average person is comfortable doing on their own. The more everything is alike, the lower the TCO.
And this completely ignores two other concerns. Having both GTK and QT/KDE running at the same time eats more resources, and thus requires more processing power (admittedly, just running GNOME requires less resources). Also, this ignores the aestetic preference for applications to look and act alike.
Anyway, not everyone will agree, but I think you can see that this at least isn't a completely unreasonable point of view.
By Timothy R. Butler at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
Oh I see.
Would you be inclined to retry this when GNOME 2.2 (w/ the GTK2 port of Evolution comes out)? Hopefully you'll be pleasently surprised :)
Thx for responding!
[P.S. See below for comment on GARNOME]
By Anon Man at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
Most definately. I've tried every major release of GNOME in the hopes that I'd fine it as usable as KDE. GNOME 2.0 feels like it is really headed in the right direction, the default layout iinally feels like it was designed with usability in mind. So, I'll be really looking forward to GNOME 2.2 and the GNOME ports of Evolution, as well as my personal favorite GTK apps - Gaim and GIMP.
If GNU/Linux had two desktops that were as usable (or more so then) Windows and Mac OS, that couldn't hurt at all!
By Timothy R. Butler at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
GNOME 2.2? [Re: Nice awards...]
And when GNOME 2.2 will come out?
And BTW: why we speak about GNOME 2.2, not about GNOME 2.1?
By Vadim Plessky at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
Re: GNOME 2.2? [Re: Nice awards...]
> And when GNOME 2.2 will come out?
6 months from now
> GNOME2 release was delayed by 2 years...
false, and - by the way - not for GNOME's fault
> Should we wait another 2 years for GNOME2.2?
> Do they plan to mimick kernel releases (2.4 after 2.2)?
By A.C. at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
Re: GNOME 2.2? [Re: Nice awards...]
>> And when GNOME 2.2 will come out?
good, thanks for notice!
>> GNOME2 release was delayed by 2 years...
Hopefully, it's also not my fault. :-)
>> Do they plan to mimick kernel releases (2.4 after 2.2)?
Thanks for explanation!
By Vadim Plessky at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
On the other hand GTK and thus Evolution has very different, confusing (for a newbie) dialog boxes, a seperate address book, etc. Also without changing settings, the right e-mail client will not launch when you click an e-mail link somewhere in KDE.
Don't forget about File Open/Save dialogs. Dialogs in GNOME1 and GNOME2 are TERRIBLE! I have many folders (200+ important ones, I guess), with many files in each one (some of them have 1500+ HTML files), and it's really headache to open/browse those folders using GNOME dialogs, or Mozilla, or some similar ugly, ill-fated tool.
I open URL in Konqueror (incl. URLs for local file system), than copy/paste URL to Mozilla or Galeon, that's it!
Vadim Plessky
By Vadim Plessky at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
The file dialogs will be changed in GTK 2.4
Take a look at the following URLs for an idea of what a very basic file selector will look like:
Also, Mozilla is being ported to GTK2 and there is some talk about changing the file selectors in that. If you *reall* don't like the look of Mozilla, wait for Galeon 2 to come out. That will be completely integrated with GNOME 2
Happy to be of assistance.
By Anon Man at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
I always thought that mozilla uses it's own toolkit.
By Anne-Marie Mahfouf at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
XUL based on GTK
By Anon Man at Mon, 2002/07/29 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
Is it Gtk+ or just Gdk?
By ac at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
XUL, GTK, Mozilla [Re: Nice awards...]
Yep. And all together looks very ugly, and works incredibly slow.
It works on Windows, though.. :-)
By Vadim Plessky at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
So, they're making it look more like the KDE dialog?
By Jon at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am
Re: Nice awards...
Ok, thanks for screenshots.
As about Mozilla and Galeon - I don't like *both* of them.
Vadim Plessky
By Vadim Plessky at Tue, 2002/07/30 - 5:00am


text:
As the prostate enlarges, the urethra becomes narrower. The bladder will get stronger to compensate, but eventually normal outflow of urine is obstructed. Symptoms usually appear gradually over time.
These symptoms are indications that your bladder is not emptying completely:
- Incomplete emptying—a sensation of not emptying your bladder completely after you finish urinating
- Frequency—having to urinate again less than two hours after you finished urinating
- Urgency—having a strong urge to urinate that is difficult to postpone
- Nocturia—having to get up out of bed to urinate during the night
Note: Nighttime urination can be a sign of incomplete emptying. In addition to heart failure, nighttime urination can also be a sign of other medical conditions. See your doctor if it persists.
Other common symptoms include:
- Intermittency—frequent stopping and starting of your urine flow during a single urination period
- Hesitancy—having the urge to urinate, but needing to wait until the flow actually starts
- Weak stream—urine that trickles out rather than flows strongly
- Straining—having to push or strain in order to urinate
- Incontinence—inability to control urination (leaking)
- Difficulty starting to urinate
- Dribbling at end of urination
- Deep discomfort in the lower abdomen
An obstructed urine flow often means that there is some urine stuck in the bladder (called residual urine). Having residual urine makes you vulnerable to urinary tract infections (UTIs), which can be either frequent or chronic. If you have a UTI, you may have additional symptoms, such as burning when you pass urine. UTIs by themselves also cause urgency and frequent urinating.
There is at least one common exception to the usual gradual development of symptoms. Sudden complete urine obstruction may occur in an elderly person due to dementia, inability to get out of bed, or drug side effects. The bladder may stretch to the size of a six-month pregnancy and fill the lower half of the abdomen. In such a case, emergency catheterization is required.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Adrienne Carmack, MD
- Review Date: 09/2018 -
- Update Date: 09/17/2014 -


text:
Our Pre-Paid Funeral Cost/Plans Service
Honoring Life
Grief Support
1. Complete the short form 2. Consider your options 3. Select your plan
Please complete the form for a FREE no obligation quote. One of our trusted partners will contact you to discuss plans that are specific to your requirements and let you review the options that are available.
What is the best South Kesteven Prepaid Funeral Plan
A South Kesteven prepaid funeral is the simplest, most organised way to remove the financial and emotional worry from your loved ones. The cost of a funeral over the last decade has far outstripped standard inflationary rises. By prepaying for your funeral you can secure todays funeral prices for your future requirements. Compare all the Leading South Kesteven Funeral Plans.


text:
See also Antibiotics (General)
Tetracycline antibiotics are used to treat certain infections such as chlamydia, as well as for the long-term treatment of acne.
Drugs in this family include
- demeclocycline hydrochloride (Declomycin)
- doxycycline (Bio-Tab, Doryx, Doxy-Caps, Doxychel, Monodox, Periostat, Vibramycin, Vibra-Tabs)
- minocycline hydrochloride (Dynacin, Minocin, Vectrin),
- oxytetracycline hydrochloride (Terramycin, Uri-Tet),
- tetracycline hydrochloride (Achromycin V, Panmycin, Robitet, Sumycin, Teline, Tetracap, Tetracyn, Tetralan)
- and others
Numerous minerals, including aluminum (found in many antacids), bismuth (in Pepto-Bismol), calcium , iron , magnesium , and zinc , interfere with the absorption of medications in the tetracycline family (and vice versa). 1–4
The reason is the minerals and the drugs attach to each other and form insoluble chemicals that simply pass out of the digestive tract. The best solution is to avoid taking supplements that contain these minerals within the 2 hours before or after your dose of tetracycline medication.
Tetracycline antibiotics have been reported to cause increased sensitivity to the sun, amplifying the risk of sunburn or skin rash. Because St. John's wort and dong quai may also cause this problem, taking these herbal supplements during tetracycline treatment might add to this risk.
It may be a good idea to wear a sunscreen or protective clothing during sun exposure if you take one of these herbs with a tetracycline antibiotic.
Potassium citrate, sodium citrate, and potassium-magnesium citrate are sometimes used to prevent kidney stones . These supplements reduce urinary acidity, and can therefore lead to decreased blood levels and effectiveness of tetracycline antibiotics. 5
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


text:
These images were taken by climber Basil Tsimoyianis from the United States while inside a tent fixed to a wall of the Prirazlomnaya oil platform.
A team of Greenpeace activists including Executive Director of Greenpeace International, Kumi Naidoo, in inflatables on route to boarding energy giant Gazproms Arctic oil platform Prirazlomnaya off the North-eastern coast of Russia in the Pechora Sea. Gazprom looks set to begin full commercial drilling operations by early next year, becoming the first ever company to start commercial oil production in the offshore Arctic.
After 15 hours the team voluntarily left the platform to avoid unnecessary risk. In freezing temperatures, the climbers were constantly hosed with water by Gazprom workers who appeared more intent on endangering the safety of peaceful activists than operating the platform above.
1 - 12 of 39 results.


text:
Mysterious formatting on a NAS hard drive
Dig Deeper on NAS devices
Related Q&A from Greg Schulz
Given outages, are you concerned with the security of the cloud?
Service provider outages should be a warning to customers that keeping data safe in the cloud is a shared responsibility. Continue Reading
Are more than five nines of availability really possible?
When cloud durability is added to the mix, cloud providers are able to tout a high number of nines of availability. Continue Reading
Is the cost of cloud storage really cheaper than traditional storage?
Cloud storage can be less expensive from a cost-per-gigabyte perspective, but it's important not to lose sight of other benefits as a value ... Continue Reading


text:
|☼ Dell inspiron 1545 BIOS Password removal description:
☼ The Dell inspiron 1545 has a BIOS Release Date: 1/14/2004
☼ Version: A10 to A21 some BIOS if not updated may be older
☼ BIOS password is available here, hard drive password
We also provide support for windows password, xp vista and 7.
☼ Password is provided same day and can be sent in less than 2 hours
☼ BIOS master password will be sent to your email from 5 minutes to 2 business hours
|Have you been looking for a way to unlock your laptop? If your Dell inspiron 1545
is locked by a BIOS password or hard drive password and you want to unlock it
as fast as possible, you have come to the right place, we can email you the
password in less than 2 business hours.
|Reset The Primary Password Now, and remember... When making the Payment Turn on your
Dell laptop and send us the full numbers displayed on the screen using the form on PayPal
button below or send it by e-mail to email@example.com
|Note: in this section you are buying the BIOS password that will unlock your Dell inspiron 1545
motherboard, This will give you full access to the BIOS setup page. For hard drive password click
|bios password for Dell inspiron 1545 displaying message:
" this computer system is protected by a password authentication system,
enter the BIOS password "
|Keywords: Dell inspiron 1545 BIOS Password, inspiron 1545 password, Dell inspiron 1545 Hard Drive Password,
dell inspiron 1545 default password, dell linspiron 1545 master password.
Alt Keywords: how to unlock dell inspiron 1545 laptop protected by password, how to remove password from dell
inspiron 1545, dell system disabled, dell laptop password.
|More about our Dell Password
Removal Services:
Some customers may have Laptops with
password set as follows:
*** Just the BIOS Password,
*** Just the Hard Drive Password,
*** just the windows Password.
*** or it can be 3 passwords
Should your Dell Laptop have 1, 2 or 3 passwords
you are 1370% covered with us!
|Services Provided are Aimed to
Dell Password unlock,
Dell BIOS Password reset,
Dell Inspiron Password,
Dell hard drive password ending with 595B & 2A7B
Default Dell inspiron BIOS Password,
Dell inspiron 1545 mater password,
prices for BIOS password unlock are:
36.00 for hard drive unlock
36.00 for BIOS unlock
25.99 for windows password unlock
|BIOS Password for Dell inspiron 1545
|If your Dell is asking for the administrator password and it displays numbers ending with 595B or
2A7B, D35B, as shown in the pictures below, we can help you unlock the hard drive and BIOS by
sending you a master Password to your Email.
|If your Dell is asking for a BIOS password and it display 5 numbers as shown in the pictures below we can
help you unlock your laptop BIOS, and BIOS Only, we do not provide hard drive password for the
system disabled error message.
|How do you manually Unlock your Dell Laptop?
|To remove Dell BIOS password manually: If you are Computer technicians with superior
knowledge, open the laptop, and find the Chip 24C02 on the motherboard, and Short
circuit the legs 3 and 6 during booting to reset the password, See picture attached,
This same chip is located in different position in different dell laptop motherboards, Using a
bent paper clip at an angle short circuit pins 3 and 6. When the 24c02 BIOS chip is not
found you may also look for chip 24c04 and 24c05 Short circuit during booting to clear the
password. Only leg 3 and 6 should be used as shown on picture on right ->
|Even though we are providing you this guide how to remove dell BIOS password, You do not have to go through that
painful process, just buy the master password to unlock your computer, we can provide it to you, and it is much easier!
|related keywords: dell inspiron 1545 bios password, dell inspiron 1545 primary password, dell inspiron 1545
administrator password, dell inspiron 1545 default password, dell inspiron 1545 master password, dell inspiron 1545
backdoor password