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ONM - Oliver Millar Archive
6 - Van Dyck: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings
4 - Van Dyck in England catalogue
Ref No
Draft entries, IV.1-IV.81
Draft text for catalogue entries, arranged by painting name as they appear in the published catalogue.
-The Infants Christ and St John the Baptist
-Cupid and Psyche
-Portrait of the Artist with a Sunflower
-Portrait of the Artist
-The Artist with Endymion Porter
-Mary, Lady Van Dyck
-Dorothy, Viscountess Andover and later Countess of Berkshire, with her sister, Elizabeth, Lady Thimbleby
-Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel, with his grandson, Thomas, later 5th Duke of Norfolk
-Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel, and Alethea, Countess of Arundel
-Henry Frederick Howard, Lord Maltravers and later Baron Mowbray and Earl of Arundel
-Elizabeth, Countess of Arundel
-Mrs John Ashburnham
-Lord George Stuart, Seigneur d'Aubigny
-Katherine, Lady d'Aubigny
-Francis Russell, Baron Russell of Thornhaugh and 4th Earl of Bedford
-William, Lord Russell, 5th Earl and later 1st Duke of Bedford with Anne, Lady Russell, later Countess of Bedford
-William, Lord Russell, later 5th Earl and 1st Duke of Bedford
-Anne, Lady Russell, later Countess of Bedford
-John Belasyse, later 1st Lord Belasyse of Worlaby
-John Hamilton, later 1st Lord Belhaven and Stenton
-Pomponne II de Bellievre ['Portrait of a Man']
-Sir John Borlase
-Alice, Lady Borlase
-Katherine, Duchess of Buckingham, with her children: Lady Mary Villiers, later Duchess of Lennox and Richmond; George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham; and Lord Francis Villiers
-Katherine, Duchess of Buckingham, later Countess, and ultimately Marchioness, of Antrim
-George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, and Lord Francis Villiers
-Richard Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan, later 2nd Earl of Cork; subsequently Lord Clifford of Lanesborough and 1st Earl of Burlington
-Elizabeth, Baroness Clifford, Viscountess Dungarvan and later Countess of Burlington
-Lucy, Countess of Carlisle
-Margaret, Countess of Carlisle, with her daughter
-Anne Sophia, Countess of Carnarvon
-Anne Sophia, Countess of Carnarvon, with her brother, Philip, Lord Herbert, later 5th Earl of Pembroke
-Elizabeth, Countess of Castlehaven
-Charles Cavendish
-Thomas Chaloner ['Portrait of a Man']
-Charles I with Queen Henrietta Maria with their two eldest children, Charles, Prince of Wales, and Mary, Princess Royal
-Charles I and Queen Henrietta Maria
-Charles I on Horseback with M. de St Antoine
-Charles I in three Positions
-Charles I
-Charles I in the Hunting Field
-Charles I on Horseback
-Charles I in Robes of State
-Charles I
-Charles I and the Knights of the Garter in Procession
-The three eldest Children of Charles I: Charles, Prince sof Wales, Mary, Princess Royal, and James, Duke of York
-The five eldest Children of Charles I: Charles, Prince sof Wales, Mary, Princess Royal, and James, Duke of York, Princess Elizabeth and Princess Anne
-Princess Elizabeth and Princess Anne
-Charles, Prince of Wales, later King Charles II
-Prince Charles Louis, Elector Palatine, and Prince Rupert
-Prince Charles Louis, Elector Palatine
-Katherine, Lady Stanhope, later Countess of Chesterfield
-Katherine, Lady Stanhope, later Countess of Chesterfield, and Lucy, Countess of Huntingdon
-Katherine, Lady Stanhope, later Countess of Chesterfield
-Katherine, Lady Cholmondeley, later Countess of Leinster
-Lady Anne Carey, later Viscountess Claneboye and Countess of Clanbrassil
-Thomas, 4th Lord Wentworth and Earl of Cleveland, and his first wife, Anne, Countess of Cleveland, with their children, Thomas, later 5th Lord Wentworth, and Anne, later suo jure Lady Wentworth and Dowager Lady Lovelace
-Anne, Countess of Cleveland
-Sir Francis Crane
-Thomas Cromwell
1 file
Image Caption
Draft catalogue entry for Anne, Lady Russell, later Countess of Bedford in 'Van Dyck: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings'
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The interaction between a surface protein antigen (PAc) ofStreptococcus mutans and human salivary agglutinin was analyzed with a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. The major component sugars of the salivary agglutinin were galactose, fucose, mannose, N-acetylglucosamine,N-acetylgalactosamine, and N-acetylneuraminic acid. Binding of salivary agglutinin to PAc was calcium dependent and heat labile and required a pH greater than 5. Binding was significantly inhibited by N-acetylneuraminic acid and α2,6-linked sialic acid-specific lectin derived from Sambucus sieboldiana in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of the salivary agglutinin with sialidase reduced the binding activity of the agglutinin to the PAc molecule. The agglutinin was dissociated into high-molecular-mass glycoprotein and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) components by electrophoretic fractionation in the presence of 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1% 2-mercaptoethanol. Neither of the components separated by electrophoretic fractionation, high-molecular-mass glycoprotein or sIgA, bound to the PAc molecule. Furthermore, the high-molecular-mass glycoprotein strongly inhibited the binding of the native salivary complex to PAc. These results suggest that the complex formed by the high-molecular-mass salivary glycoprotein and sIgA is essential for the binding reaction and that the sialic acid residues of the complex play an important role in the interaction between the agglutinin and PAc of S. mutans.
Streptococcus mutans has been implicated as a prime causative organism of dental caries, one of the most common diseases in humans. Colonization of the surface of a tooth by S. mutans is thought to be initiated by attachment of the organism to acquired pellicles on tooth surfaces (21). A 190-kDa surface protein antigen, which has been variously designated as antigen I/II, B, IF, P1, SR, MSL-1, and PAc (37), is known to be one of the factors which mediates the binding of the organism to the tooth surface (3, 21, 23).
Various salivary components, such as secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) (36), β2-microglobulin (12), histidine-rich polypeptides (32), a 60-kDa glycoprotein (1), lysozyme (39), lactoferrin (43), and high-molecular-mass glycoproteins (4, 7, 13, 20), have been reported to bind to S. mutans and/or to induce agglutination of the organism. Much attention has also been focused on the interaction between PAc and salivary components (5, 8, 21,27-29). Russell and Mansson-Rahemtulla (38) reported that antigen I/II binds to several salivary components, including basic proline-rich proteins with molecular weights of 28,000 and 38,000, lysozyme, and α-amylase separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Much remains to be learned about the interaction between native salivary agglutinin and PAc of S. mutans.
In this study, using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor, we isolated and characterized a complex of high-molecular-mass salivary glycoprotein and sIgA which binds to PAc. The data presented in this report suggest that the complex of salivary glycoprotein and sIgA is an important component in the interaction between saliva and the PAc protein in a native condition and that sialic acid residues in the complex play a significant role in this interaction.
Bacterial strains.The bacterial strains used in this study are listed in Table 1. Strains ofS. mutans and Streptococcus gordonii were grown at 37°C for 18 h in brain heart infusion broth (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.). For transformants of S. mutans, erythromycin at a final concentration of 10 μg/ml was added.
Saliva.Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from a single donor (male, 39 years of age) in an ice-chilled plastic tube and clarified by centrifugation at 12,000 × g for 15 min.
Isolation of salivary agglutinin and sIgA.Salivary components which bind to whole cells of S. mutans were isolated by a modification of the method of Rundegren and Arnold (36). Clarified saliva diluted 1/2 with aggregation buffer (1.5 mM KH2PO4, 6.5 mM Na2HPO4, 2.7 mM KCl, 137 mM NaCl [pH 7.2]) was incubated with an equal volume of a cell suspension of S. mutans MT8148 (5 × 109 cells/ml) at 37°C for 30 min. Cells were collected by centrifugation at 5,000 ×g for 15 min and washed once with aggregation buffer, and adsorbed salivary components were eluted with the same buffer supplemented with 1 mM EDTA. The eluate was subsequently filtered (0.2-μm pore size), dialyzed against an aggregation buffer containing 0.02% NaN3, and subjected to gel filtration chromatography on Superdex 200 HR (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden) equilibrated with aggregation buffer. The eluate at the void volume was collected and used as salivary agglutinin. In addition, salivary lysozyme was also eluted by gel filtration of S. mutans-binding salivary components on Superdex 200 HR. Fractions containing lysozyme were identified by Western blotting with rabbit anti-human lysozyme antibody, collected, and used as salivary lysozyme. An electrophoretic fractionation system (Prepcell NA-1800; Nippon Eido, Tokyo, Japan) was used to dissociate the components of salivary agglutinin. The sample was treated with 1% SDS and 1% 2-mercaptoethanol at 100°C for 5 min and subjected to Prepcell, which was composed of 8 ml of 3% stacking gel containing 0.1% SDS and 42 ml of 5% resolving gel containing 0.1% SDS. Prepcell was run at 50 mA for 18 h. Fractions (0.5 ml each) were subjected to SDS-PAGE followed by silver staining. Fractions containing salivary components were pooled, and SDS in the fractions was removed as a precipitate by adding potassium phosphate buffer (final concentration, 50 mM; pH 7.0). Pooled fractions were concentrated by 60% saturated ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialyzed against potassium phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; pH 7.0). Salivary sIgA was purified from clarified saliva in a native condition by using jacalin-agarose (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, Calif.) according to the procedure of Hortin and Trimpe (17).
Chemical analysis of purified salivary components.Component sugars in the purified salivary components were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence labeling (45). The salivary samples (1 μg) were hydrolyzed in 4 M trifluoroacetic acid at 100°C for 3 h and dried at 50°C. Free amino groups were acetylated by adding 50 μl of a mixture of methanol-pyridine-water (6:3:2) and 2 μl of acetic anhydride. The solution was incubated at room temperature for 30 min. After the solution was dried by evaporation at 50°C, a coupling reagent (10 μl) was added (0.67 g of 2-aminopyridine per ml in acetic acid) and the mixture was heated at 90°C for 20 min. After the excess reagents were removed by evaporation under a stream of nitrogen gas at 60°C for 20 min, a reducing reagent (10 μl) was added (60 mg of borane-dimethylamine complex per ml in acetic acid) and the mixture was heated at 90°C for 35 min and dried under a stream of nitrogen gas at 50°C for 10 min. The sample was dissolved in 1 ml of distilled water and analyzed by HPLC with a PALPAK Type A column (4.6 by 150 mm; Takara Shuzo Co., Ohtsu, Japan) at a flow rate of 0.3 ml per min at 65°C.
Sialic acids, N-acetylneuraminic acid, andN-glycolylneuraminic acid were analyzed by HPLC according to the method of Hara et al. (16). A 1-μg sample was hydrolyzed at 80°C for 1 h in 200 μl of 50 mM HCl. After the solution was cooled, 200 μl of DMB solution (7 mM 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene, 0.75 M 2-mercaptoethanol, and 18 mM sodium hydrosulfite) was added. The mixture was heated at 60°C for 2.5 h in the dark to develop fluorescence. The sample was analyzed by HPLC with a Nakanopac ODS-A column (6 by 150 mm; Ajinoki Co., Handa, Japan) at a flow rate of 1 ml per min at 40°C.
Protein content was determined according to the method of Lowry et al. (26), with bovine serum albumin as a standard.
rPAc.Recombinant PAc (rPAc) was purified from the culture supernatants of transformant S. mutans TK18 by ammonium sulfate precipitation, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, and subsequent gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B (Pharmacia) (21).
Binding of salivary agglutinin to rPAc.The binding of salivary agglutinin to rPAc was determined with a BIAcore 2000 (Pharmacia), which permits real-time interaction analysis of two interacting macromolecules (19). rPAc was immobilized on the carboxymethylated dextran-coated gold surface of a CM5 sensor chip by the primary amino groups according to the method of Johnsson et al. (18). Thirty-five microliters of rPAc (300 μg/ml) in 10 mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.5) was passed over the activated surface, and approximately 6.3 ng of rPAc per mm2 was bound to the surface. The flow of PBS (pH 7.0) was maintained at 5 μl per min throughout the immobilizing process. Salivary agglutinin in the running buffer was exposed to the rPAc-immobilized surface at a flow rate of 10 μl/min. To examine the effect of pH on the binding of salivary components to rPAc, 10 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 4 to 7) containing 0.15 M NaCl and 1 mM CaCl2 and 10 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7 to 9) containing 0.15 M NaCl and 1 mM CaCl2were used as running buffers. To examine the divalent cation specificity, CaCl2, MgCl2, or MnCl2was added to PBS (pH 7.0) at a final concentration of 0 to 2.5 mM. The dissociation phase was followed by the injection of the same buffer at 10 μl per min. All binding experiments were performed at 25°C. The surface plasmon resonance signal in each binding cycle was expressed in resonance units (RU). A resonance of 1,000 RU corresponds to a shift of 0.1° in the resonance angle, which means a change in surface protein concentration of approximately 1 ng/mm2 (44).
Inhibition assay.The effects of sugars and lectins on the binding of the salivary component to rPAc were examined. Either fucose, galactose, mannose, N-acetylgalactosamine,N-acetylglucosamine, or N-acetylneuraminic acid was added to the salivary agglutinin suspension (25 μg/ml) in PBS (pH 7.0) for the BIAcore assay, at a final concentration of 0.1 M. Varying amounts of Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAM; Honen Corp., Tokyo, Japan), which recognizes α2,3-linked sialic acid residues (49), or Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA; Honen Corp.), which recognizes α2,6-linked sialic acid residues (40), were added to the salivary agglutinin suspension for the BIAcore assay. The percent inhibition in the BIAcore assay was calculated as follows: percent inhibition = 100 × [(a − b)/a], where a is the mean RU without inhibitor and b is the mean RU with inhibitor.
Heat and sialidase treatments.Salivary agglutinin was heated at 50 to 100°C for 15 min and subjected to the BIAcore assay. For sialidase treatment, the component was dissolved in 200 μl of 50 mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.5 for sialidase from Clostridium perfringens and pH 5.5 for sialidases from Arthrobacter ureafaciens and Vibrio cholerae). For sialidase fromV. cholerae, 10 mM CaCl2 and 0.1 M NaCl were also added. Each mixture was incubated overnight at 37°C and dialyzed against PBS at 4°C.
Aggregation assay.Whole streptococcal cells were suspended in aggregation buffer at an optical density at 550 nm (OD550) of approximately 1.5. Either clarified whole saliva (100 μl) or 10 μl of salivary agglutinin (0.5 mg/ml) was mixed with 1 ml of the cell suspension, and the total volume of the reaction mixture was adjusted to 1.5 ml with aggregation buffer. CaCl2 was also added to the mixture of salivary agglutinin at a final concentration of 1 mM. Bacterial aggregation was determined by monitoring the change of OD550 at 37°C for 60 min with a visible-UV recording spectrophotometer equipped with a CPS-240A cell positioner (UV-2200; Shimadzu Co., Kyoto, Japan).
PAGE, Western blotting, and lectin blotting.Native PAGE and SDS-PAGE were performed in 3 to 15% gradient polyacrylamide slab gels according to the methods of Davis (9) and Laemmli (22), respectively. After electrophoresis, the gels were stained with silver. Electrophoresis calibration kits (Pharmacia) were used for molecular mass markers.
For Western blotting and lectin blotting, salivary samples were subjected to native PAGE or SDS-PAGE and transferred electrophoretically to nitrocellulose membranes according to the method of Burnette (6). After blocking with 1% bovine serum albumin in Tris-buffered saline (20 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl [pH 7.5]) plus 1% Triton X-100 (TBS-Triton), the membranes were treated with rabbit antibody against human IgA(α) (Zymed Laboratories, South San Francisco, Calif.). After washing with TBS-Triton, the antibodies bound to proteins immobilized on the membrane were detected with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Zymed Laboratories). The membrane was also treated with a 4-μg/ml solution of biotinylated MAM or SSA (Honen Corp.) in TBS-Triton, and the lectins bound to glycoproteins immobilized on the membrane were detected with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated avidin D (Vector Laboratories).
Statistical analysis.Differences between the control and the test sample in the binding of salivary components to rPAc were determined by Student's t test.
Analysis of salivary agglutinin.Salivary agglutinin, which bound to whole cells of S. mutans, was purified by gel filtration on Superdex 200 HR and analyzed by native PAGE and SDS-PAGE. Native PAGE analysis of salivary agglutinin bound to whole cells ofS. mutans showed diffuse high-molecular-mass bands of more than 669 kDa (Fig. 1A, lane 2). The high-molecular-mass bands reacted with anti-human IgA(α) antibody in the Western blots (Fig. 1B, lane 2). SDS-PAGE analysis of salivary agglutinin showed diffuse 145- to 630-kDa bands (Fig.2A, lane 2). Reducing treatment of the diffuse 145- to 630-kDa component with 2-mercaptoethanol resulted in its separation into diffuse 145- to 420-kDa bands, three bands corresponding to components of sIgA (25, 59, and 88 kDa), and a faint band of 80 kDa (Fig. 2A, lane 5). sIgA purified from clarified saliva by using jacalin-agarose was also subjected to SDS-PAGE. It showed three bands of 25, 59, and 88 kDa after reducing treatment (Fig. 2A, lane 6). Antibody to the heavy chain of human IgA (α chain) reacted with the nonreduced 145- to 630-kDa bands and reduced the 59-kDa band in Western blots (Fig. 2B, lanes 1 and 2). Salivary glycoprotein-sIgA complex was separated by SDS-PAGE in the reduced state and transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane. The pattern of sialylation of the salivary proteins was examined by using two types of lectin that recognize terminal sialic acid residues. High-molecular-mass salivary glycoprotein and two components of sIgA (59 and 88 kDa) were recognized by SSA but not by MAM (Fig. 2C, lanes 1 and 3). Salivary sIgA purified in a native condition by using jacalin-agarose was also recognized only by SSA (Fig. 2C, lanes 2 and 4).
Aggregation of streptococcal cells.Typical strains ofS. mutans serotype c (strains MT8148 and Xc), PAc-defective transformants of strain MT8148 (strains PAcEm-2 and PAcEm-3), a serotype antigen-defective transformant of strain Xc (strain Xc31), andS. gordonii ATCC 10558 were tested by spectrophotometric assay for the ability to aggregate in the presence of whole saliva or salivary agglutinin. Whole saliva induced strong aggregation of PAc-producing strains of S. mutans and S. gordonii ATCC 10558, while it could not induce aggregation of PAc-defective strains of S. mutans (Table2). Salivary agglutinin induced strong aggregation of PAc-producing strains of S. mutans but did not induce aggregation of PAc-defective strains of S. mutansand S. gordonii ATCC 10558. Both whole saliva and salivary agglutinin induced aggregation of the serotype c antigen-defective transformant of strain Xc.
Binding of salivary agglutinin to rPAc.The interaction between salivary agglutinin and the rPAc molecule was analyzed by the BIAcore assay. The addition of CaCl2 to the running buffer enhanced the binding of salivary agglutinin to rPAc (Table3). The maximum increase of RU was obtained when 1 mM CaCl2 was added to PBS. The other divalent cations, magnesium and manganese, were not effective. The binding capacity of salivary agglutinin to rPAc was stable up to 60°C, but it was lost when salivary agglutinin was heated at 80°C for 15 min (Fig. 3A). The optimal pH for binding of salivary agglutinin was 7.0, and binding did not occur below pH 5 (Fig. 3B). Based on these data, PBS (pH 7.0) supplemented with 1 mM CaCl2 was used as the running buffer for the BIAcore assay in subsequent experiments.
Chemical composition of salivary components.As mentioned above, the salivary agglutinin eluted from saliva-treated whole cells of S. mutans is composed mainly of high-molecular-mass glycoprotein and sIgA. We tried to dissociate these components by using electrophoretic fractionation in the presence of 1% SDS and 1% 2-mercaptoethanol. Fractions containing high-molecular-mass (145- to 420-kDa) glycoprotein and fractions containing sIgA components (25, 59, and 88 kDa) were pooled separately and used as the preparation of high-molecular-mass glycoprotein and that of sIgA components, respectively. The composition of the salivary agglutinin preparation was 74.8% protein, 4.0% fucose, 4.5% galactose, 0.7% mannose, 4.2%N-acetylgalactosamine, 5.5% N-acetylglucosamine, and 5.3% N-acetylneuraminic acid. The high-molecular-mass glycoprotein separated by electrophoretic fractionation was 73.0% protein, 4.4% fucose, 4.9% galactose, 0.8% mannose, 4.6%N-acetylgalactosamine, 5.8% N-acetylglucosamine, and 5.8% N-acetylneuraminic acid. The preparation of sIgA components separated by electrophoretic fractionation was 90.2% protein, 1.1% fucose, 2.0% galactose, 0.5% mannose, 0.5%N-acetylgalactosamine, 3.5% N-acetylglucosamine, and 1.5% N-acetylneuraminic acid.
Inhibition of binding of salivary agglutinin to rPAc.The inhibitory effects of various sugars on the binding of salivary agglutinin to the rPAc molecule were examined.N-Acetylneuraminic acid, which is one of the component sugars of salivary agglutinin, caused the highest inhibition (98%), whereas fucose, galactose, and mannose only caused weak inhibition (Table 4). Other aminosugars, such as N-acetylgalactosamine andN-acetylglucosamine, had negligible inhibitory effect.
The effects on binding of two types of lectin, MAM and SSA, which recognize α2,3-linked and α2,6-linked sialic acid residues, respectively, were also examined. Binding of salivary agglutinin to rPAc was strongly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by the addition of SSA, but the degree of inhibition by MAM was very low (Fig.4). Treatment of salivary agglutinin with sialidases from A. ureafaciens and V. choleraeresulted in approximately 50% inhibition of binding to rPAc (Table5). On the other hand, the treatment of salivary agglutinin with sialidase from C. perfringensshowed a small inhibitory effect.
Binding of salivary components to rPAc.The binding to rPAc of high-molecular-mass glycoprotein and sIgA components separated from salivary agglutinin by electrophoretic fractionation, of sIgA purified by using jacalin-agarose, and of salivary lysozyme was examined by BIAcore assay. High-molecular-mass glycoprotein and sIgA components separated by electrophoretic fractionation did not bind to rPAc, but native sIgA purified by using jacalin-agarose bound weakly to rPAc (Fig. 5). In addition, salivary lysozyme separated by gel filtration in a native condition showed almost no binding activity to the rPAc protein in the BIAcore assay. The effects of salivary components separated by electrophoretic fractionation on the binding of salivary agglutinin to rPAc were also investigated. As shown in Fig. 6, the high-molecular-mass glycoprotein separated by electrophoretic fractionation had considerably greater inhibitory effect than the sIgA components.
Several salivary components are known to bind to and/or agglutinate S. mutans. Among these components, a high-molecular-mass agglutinin is thought to bind to the PAc ofS. mutans (5, 8, 15, 27, 28). On SDS-PAGE, salivary agglutinin that binds to S. mutans appeared as diffuse bands with molecular masses of about 400 kDa, suggesting that it may be a complex of several types of glycoprotein with different molecular masses. The variation in mass may depend on the length or number of carbohydrate chains covalently associated with each polypeptide. This study revealed that native PAc-binding salivary agglutinin is a complex of a high-molecular-mass glycoprotein, sIgA, and a minor component. We have recently shown that all of the whole-saliva preparations from 10 healthy subjects between 27 and 42 years old contained the agglutinin complex, which is bound to whole cells of S. mutans (31), suggesting that the agglutinin may be widely distributed in the human population.
N-Acetylneuraminic acid showed significant inhibitory effect on the binding of salivary agglutinin to the rPAc molecule. Lectin blotting revealed that both high-molecular-mass salivary glycoprotein and sIgA contain α2,6-linked sialic acid residues. In addition, lectin SSA, which recognizes α2,6-linked sialic acid residues, significantly inhibited the binding of salivary agglutinin to the rPAc molecule. These results suggest that the α2,6-linked sialic acid residues of salivary agglutinin are mainly responsible for its binding to the PAc molecule. Surface protein SSP-5 from S. gordoniiM5 has the lectin-like property of binding to the α2,3-linked sialic acid residues of salivary agglutinin in the presence of calcium ions (11). In this study, whole saliva induced aggregation ofS. gordonii ATCC 10558, but salivary agglutinin that binds to S. mutans did not induce aggregation of that strain (ATCC 10558). The sialic acid residues of salivary agglutinin that are recognized by the cell surface proteins of oral streptococci may differ with different species.
The binding of salivary agglutinin to rPAc was calcium dependent. Calcium ions are thought to be required as a bridge between negatively charged groups on the bacterial surface and similarly charged groups on the agglutinin (33), although some lectins require calcium ions as integral active-site constituents (10) or for specific conformational changes that are recognized by other molecules (14). Further studies are required to clarify the mechanism of calcium involvement in the interaction between salivary agglutinin and PAc.
In this study, nonreduced high-molecular-mass salivary agglutinin reacted with antibody against human IgA, suggesting that the agglutinin was a complex of glycoprotein and sIgA. Oligosaccharides of sIgA are known to be receptors for the lectin-mediated adhesion of oral bacteria, such as Actinomyces naeslundi and S. gordonii (35). To clarify the roles of salivary glycoprotein and sIgA, we tried to dissociate salivary agglutinin by using solutions such as 6 M guanidine-HCl, 8 M urea, and 1% SDS. All of these treatments failed to separate the two components. Salivary glycoprotein and sIgA were separated by the treatment of salivary agglutinin with 1% SDS and 1% 2-mercaptoethanol, suggesting that these components are linked by disulfide bonds. Once separated by electrophoretic fractionation, both of these components no longer bound to rPAc. Moreover, the addition of high-molecular-mass glycoprotein separated by electrophoretic fractionation significantly decreased the RU value in the binding of salivary agglutinin to rPAc in a dose-dependent manner in the BIAcore assay. These results suggest that high-molecular-mass salivary glycoprotein plays an important role in the interaction between the native salivary complex and the rPAc molecule.
Recently, Senpuku et al. (39) reported that lysozyme binds strongly to the rPAc molecule in the BIAcore assay. They observed an increase of approximately 40 RU when 20 μl of lysozyme (1.05 × 10−5 M) was injected onto the surface of a sensor chip. Although almost the same amount of lysozyme, purified in a native condition by gel filtration on Superdex 200 HR, was injected onto the surface of a sensor chip in this study, only a very small increase in RU (approximately 5 to 10 RU) was seen in the BIAcore assay. The increase in RU may be induced by a change in pH or salt concentration or by the presence of surfactant in the reaction mixture. The difference in RU seen in these two studies seems to be caused by such differences.
Human salivary mucins have been shown to interact with many oral bacteria and to protect against oral diseases (41, 46). Human submandibular and sublingual saliva contains both high- (more than 1,000 kDa) and low-molecular-mass (200 to 300 kDa) mucins (MG1 and MG2, respectively) (41). Highly glycosylated mucins can form homotypic and heterotypic complexes because of their negatively charged sialic acid and sulfate residues, as well as their hydrophobic domains (30, 50). The salivary agglutinin isolated in this study is similar to salivary mucins in molecular size and several other characteristics. Salivary agglutinin, however, contains fewer carbohydrates than salivary mucins, and the sialylation pattern involves α2,6 linkage, while salivary mucins have both α2,3 and α2,6 sialylation (41). Salivary agglutinin and mucins may be secreted by the same cells in salivary glands, but they may be hydrolyzed by different kinds of bacterial protease and glycosidase. The salivary agglutinin isolated in this study may be an assembly of cleaved mucins.
Human salivary mucins are known to make complexes with other salivary proteins, such as sIgA and lysozyme (24). Complexes of mucins with such protective proteins are believed to help concentrate these components at various tissue-environment interfaces. On the other hand, Brack and Reynolds (4) reported that rat salivary mucin complex loses agglutination activity with S. mutansafter dissociation treatment with 6 M urea. Biesbrock et al. (2) also showed that mucin no longer binds toPseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureusafter sIgA is removed from the mucin-sIgA complex under dissociating conditions. Such dissociation treatments of mucins or complexes of mucin and other salivary proteins may destroy the interaction capability of mucins with bacteria. In this study, the individual components (high-molecular-mass glycoprotein and sIgA) of the salivary agglutinin complex did not interact as effectively with rPAc as did the intact complex itself. Furthermore, the interaction of the agglutinin complex with rPAc was heat labile. The binding of the agglutinin complex to rPAc was, however, inhibited by 98% in the presence of the monosaccharide N-acetylneuraminic acid, and the binding was significantly inhibited by treatment of the agglutinin complex with either sialidases or α2,6-linked sialic acid-specific lectin. Treatment of N-acetylneuraminic acid with heat (at 100°C for 5 min in the presence of 1% SDS and 1% 2-mercaptoethanol or at 80°C for 15 min) had no effect on the ability of the monosaccharide to inhibit the binding of the agglutinin complex to rPAc. Degradation of the agglutinin complex with endogenous salivary proteases (41) and/or conformational changes and denaturation of the polypeptide chain that could occur during the dissociation or heat treatment might hide or damage the N-acetylneuraminic acid residue-containing PAc-binding epitope on the agglutinin macromolecule. The possibility also exists that the naked nonglycosylated region as well as the glycosylated region may play a role in the interaction of the agglutinin macromolecule with PAc of S. mutans.
The serotype c-specific polysaccharide antigen of S. mutansis composed of a backbone structure of 1,2- and 1,3-linked rhamnosyl polymer with side chains consisting of a terminal α-linked glucose unit (25). We recently cloned four genes (rmlA,rmlB, rmlC, and rmlD) involved in dTDP–l-rhamnose synthesis and a gene (gluA) encoding glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase from S. mutans serotype c and showed that these genes are involved in the biosynthesis of the serotype c antigen (47, 48, 51). We have insertionally inactivated the rml genes and thegluA gene of S. mutans Xc. All of therml-inactivated mutant strains, but not the gluAmutant strain, were observed by the naked eye to clump in the absence of human whole saliva. Therefore, we examined whether human whole saliva and salivary agglutinin induce aggregation of the serotype c antigen-deficient transformant Xc31, in which the gluA gene was insertionally inactivated. Whole saliva and salivary agglutinin induced strong aggregation of the transformant, suggesting that the serotype c antigen does not interact with salivary agglutinin.
Rosan et al. (34) compared the saliva-mediated S. mutans-aggregating and adhesion-promoting activities in a group of caries-susceptible individuals and a group of caries-resistant individuals. They demonstrated that there is a significant increase inS. mutans-aggregating activity in saliva of the caries-resistant group versus that of the caries-susceptible group and a significant decrease in S. mutans adhesion-promoting activity in saliva of the caries-resistant group. Furthermore, Slomiany et al. (42) reported that the bacterial aggregating epitope of salivary mucins is expressed to a greater extent in caries-resistant individuals than in caries-susceptible individuals. These findings suggest that salivary components may play an important role in the resistance to dental caries. However, further work is needed to determine the role of the salivary agglutinin isolated in this study in oral health.
In conclusion, this study suggests that the high-molecular-mass salivary glycoprotein-sIgA complex binds to PAc of S. mutansvia α2,6-linked sialic acid residues and that the complexing of glycoprotein and sIgA in a native condition is essential for the accomplishment of this function.
This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (A)07557134 (T.K.) and (B)09470474 (Y.Y.) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sport and Culture of Japan and by the Uehara Memorial Foundation (T.K.).
- Received 14 July 1997.
- Returned for modification 19 September 1997.
- Accepted 24 October 1997.
- Copyright © 1998 American Society for Microbiology


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In May 2018 we have one for Wecycle chalk stamps campaign cared for on location in Gennep. This chalk stamp campaign with around 10 expressions has been used as an awareness campaign among school children. We have carried out the chalk stamps campaign with environmentally friendly and temporary chalk paint. View the overview of all ours street advertising or request information through our contact page.
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Outernet Global hires Jody Malam as Creative Director Brand & Experience and appoints DBLG as branding agency
Outernet Global, who in December 2020 will launch in London the first of a global roll-out of city-centre, immersive media and entertainment districts, announced today the appointment of Creative Director Brand & Experience, Jody Malam, and multi-award winning design studio DBLG.
Located in London's Soho, the Outernet district comprises of two huge immersive public spaces – The Now Building and Now Trending. Each space features 8K, 360-degree floor-to-ceiling screens capable of delivering the most jaw-dropping audio-visual experiences in the world. The versatility, scale and connectivity of the Outernet network is a world first for brand owners and advertisers. Further sites have been identified in the US, Europe and Asia.
Jody and his team will work with DBLG to create a modern, flexible and stylish brand identity that is as effective across the unique canvas of screens as it is in digital and social. The appointment of Jody and DBLG signifies Outernet's commitment to creating extraordinary digital moments and content for brands and media partners.
Outernet Creative Director Jody Malam said "It's so great to be a part of this project because there is literally nothing else like it in the world and is a unique opportunity to create experiences and tell stories in new and exciting ways."
DBLG Founder Grant Gilbert said"We're honoured to be working alongside the Outernet Global team to create an innovative and engaging brand identity. We're creating a flexible and updatable brand expression that showcases not only groundbreaking content but the immersive and progressive nature of the building."
Jody began his career at Sky then Virgin Media before spending nearly a decade at Viacom with MTV. He became Creative Director in 2011 and oversaw channel branding and promotion for its biggest shows. Jody became Senior Creative Director in 2015 and led Viacom's major rebrand of Channel 5 which launched in early 2016. He left Viacom at the end of 2018, working on projects between Sydney, LA and London for a variety of clients including Sky, Reach, UKTV, ABC and FX.DBLG is an award winning design studio founded in 2007 by Grant Gilbert. The studio has gained international recognition for their diverse range of motion design and brand identity solutions. Working with forward thinking brands, they create innovative and ground breaking visual communication. Most notably they gained critical acclaim for their work for Channel 4, Adobe, BFI and StudioCanal.


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Chair design, functional or otherwise, is a wide classification product that no home can do without. Rightly then, chair layouts have actually just gotten popular with time. Seeking the possibility in demand, developers from around the world constantly layout as well as produce chairs in numerous styles, types as well as shapes making use of a series of products.
Chair, as obvious, share an integral part in every area. It includes in the style, warmth and also convenience of your home. From living space to bedroom, and from residence workplace to garden patio, chairs are an essential for each area. Picking an ideal chair layout can be a strenuous job; it needs you to consider every element including material, surface, comfort designs and spending plan. It is also important to think about exactly how the certain chair would certainly fair with other items of interior design. Chairs develop an essential component of any décor largely since a chair connects condition and way of life along with feeling as well as convenience.
Whether you desire a chair for the dining space or for your yard, whether it is for the office cabin or just a lounger for the living-room, a chair needs to look fashionable and feel comfortable. To guarantee this, developers around the world have actually been developing different chair designs from an array of products including wood, iron, steel, plastic, ceramic, glass, marble and also various other innovative materials you could think about. If you're an eco-friendly design enthusiast, you could even obtain chair made in recycled material.
A chair changes a regular room into something incredible, however at times making a decision which chair would certainly look fantastic in a particular setting could come to be complicated. In order to help you make a deserving option, we have actually right here prepared a guide of various chair styles, styles and forms you can choose from.
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Much better called chaise lounge, an easy chair is lengthy upholstered couch designed in form of a chair. It includes long curvy style, ideal for you to extend out your legs easily. With its reclining back, it creates a perfect companion to loosen up in the house or in the outdoors. In French, a chaise lounge is any kind of lengthy reclining chair, and also in English chaise lounge essentially equates as 'lengthy chair.' So if you want to put your feet up and relax, the seat is the right buy. Certain you could do that on any chair, but an easy chair makes it much more reassuring and relaxing. Need ideas for your area, examine out the most recent collection of seat and choose your favorite style.
Shaking chair is a standard interpretation of comfort and also simplicity. Primarily, it is a chair with two curved bands (called rockers) in the base of its legs that allow an individual to rock back and also forth by shifting their weight or pushing delicately with their feet. Previously, these chair layout were constructed from wood and also were used by the elderly to check out as well as relax, but in time they have ended up being popular amongst individuals of all ages. Today, shaking chairs been available in different forms, colors, and also styles and also are made from more products compared to just timber. Surprisingly, rocking chair is associated with parenting, like mild rocking motion could calm a baby, the to and fro rocking activity of the rocking chair can place an owner to sleep faster compared to resting fixed on a common chair. Lookup our collection and locate rocking chairs that look and also feel great.
Patios, decks, backyards and gardens are prominent for a good factor– these exterior areas create an impressive place for amusement and family time. A cumulative term for patio and also yard chairs, an outside chair is particularly designed to bring convenience as well as function to these exterior areas. Outdoor chair layout is normally made from weather-resistant products such as light weight aluminum, steel and also concrete to make sure that it does not corrosion. Various other preferred products include wood, wicker, etc., yet they ask for more upkeep and a preferred minimal. Check out HomeCrux's diverse option of yard chairs, patio area chairs, folding chair, swings, as well as even more to give a brand-new meaning to your exterior room.
Chairs made from repurposed products such as discarded wood, waste plastic, and used industrial pipelines etc. are called recycled chairs. Such chair layout can help decorate a green house in a just as interesting and stylish way like the chairs made from best of fresh products. With the rapid boost in demand for environment-friendly style and also lasting living, developers around the globe are showing an inclination toward the pattern, transforming recovered things right into recycled furnishings. Right here you will certainly find lovely and useful recycled chairs constructed out of old tubs, shopping bags, airplane parts, etc. The top quality of each chair is remarkable and also it assists produce an eco-friendly residence.
We need a location within the house where the entire family could collect for a meal or a quick snack. Since this is where the family members needs to be sittinged comfortably, a good dimension table with best quantity and also size of seating becomes needed. Eating chairs are thus mostly crafted to be made use of together with a table for comfort throughout mealtime. From the layout standpoint, the dining chairs are made from a variety of materials and in lots of designs. Despite the type of eating chair style you're trying to find, we have extremely attractive as well as comfy chairs in our collection in order to help you flavor up your eating space.
A living-room is where you kick back, and enjoy means of enjoyment. Whether viewing your favored TELEVISION program or delighting in a parlor game, you have to go to your convenience. The living-room chair design assures to use you the highest convenience degree, while likewise improving your home interiors. It shows your design and also it matches the rest of your design. To include sitting to your living space as well as making the home cozier as well as inviting, check out an extensive variety of styles and also layouts right from spacious armchairs to comfy recliner chairs and choose pieces to couple with your existing furnishings.


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We are pleased to offer the opportunity for you to recognize the outstanding accomplishments of our members, to acknowledge their work, and to promote best practices. Please help MBA CSEA continue to thrive by recognizing our members' achievements - nominate a peer for an MBA CSEA Award!This year, we are excited to announce a brand new award: the Member's Choice Award. This award gives you a chance to recognize an individual member of MBA CSEA who has influenced you in a positive way, giving you ideas that you could implement in your own professional setting. A full description of this new award can be found here.
It takes just 3 easy steps to submit a nomination:
1. Click here to learn more about the different award options.2. Click here to nominate a colleague (self-nominations are also accepted).
Think of MBA CSEA school or employer members who:• Provided an important service or resource to our global organization• Developed an industry leading best practice• Provided leadership to achieve an important initiative, event or strategic goal• Created and implemented an innovative program or processTIP: We recommend typing out your nomination (250 word minimum) in a word processor first, and then cutting and pasting into the nomination form.
3. Fill in the nomination form and submit.
The nomination deadline is March 13. Please don't delay!
Please don't hesitate to contact Mark Peterson, Awards and Recognition Committee Chair (email@example.com) with questions.


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While crime rates may have declined over the last decade, there's no room for complacency with an estimated 11 per cent – more than one million Australians – reporting a household crime during 2017-2018; break-ins, attempted break-ins, motor vehicle theft, theft from a motor vehicle and malicious property damage[1] were the most commonly cited offences. If […]
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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we are taking the appropriate precautions for our guests, our employees, our community. Effective immediately, we will be closing our tasting room to the public.
We encourage our customers to continue supporting local businesses in the ways that are available, like our new drive-thru pickup service. This week our convenient drive-thru location will be open Monday – Friday from 11 am – 4 pm, Saturday and Sunday 10 am – 5 pm. Simply stop by our winery to pick up wines ordered online or by phone, and our team will meet you at your vehicle to deliver.
We all look forward to enjoying those less stressful times again with you. Until then, be well and take care!
Our Roots Run Deep
The family established the property in 1943 and the vineyard 50 years later. Over the last 25 years, we have patiently transformed the 400-acre property into the largest contiguous vineyard in Oregon's Dundee Hills. We control every step of the wine-growing and winemaking process, from pruning to bottling and everything in between. The result is award-winning wines that are balanced, complex, and consistently exceptional.
Much has changed from the original Stoller family farm, but two things remain constant: our pioneering spirit and commitment to our farm. We continuously seek new ways to refine and protect our legacy, so that it can thrive for generations to come. Our winery was the first in the world to receive LEED Gold certification, attesting that our winery is sustainably built and environmentally friendly. We are honored to be named Best Tasting Room in the Nation by USA Today 10Best Reader's Choice poll in 2018 and Oregon's Most Admired Winery by the Portland Business Journal for four consecutive years.
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A Parallel Landscape
A full-time painting and installation artist, Meghan integrates different aspects of her life into her work…
Special Strawberry Rosé Sauce by Chef Bex
What pairs well with bubbles? Here at Stoller, it's chicken and waffles with Chef Bex special…
Chef Bex Chili : Your new go-to holiday party recipe
The 37th annual Wine Country Thanksgiving has…
Meet the Interns!
As the 2019 Harvest is approaching, we have selected our wonderful harvest interns from near and far to help make this year's vintage the best!
Mother's Day Spring Olive Oil Bread
This recipe is a decadent yet easy way to make mom feel extra special this Mother's Day.
Irish Shepherd's Pie – with a Stoller Twist
Looking for a great St. Patrick's Day twist? This Shepherd's Pie recipe is…
Pre-Pruning to Prepare the Vineyard
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Willamette Valley Rosé is Coming
We are thrilled to be bottling our first of the 2018 vintage: our Pinot Noir Rosé!


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After a couple of hours of struggling to keep my son on track for today's schoolwork, I finally got the chance to pour myself a cup from the pot of coffee that had been brewed fresh around the time the day's conflict had begun. Instead of a stream of coffee, however, I was rewarded with a drizzle.
"Really?" I sighed. "All that work and my reward is coffee dregs?" I sighed again, then added without enthusiasm, "Yay, fatherhood."
At this point L's mother beckoned me over and made a gesture that is really none of your business. Suffice it to say that once I caught my breath again, I managed a far more enthusiastic "Yay, fatherhood!" and got on with my day.
Tags: Fatherhood, Relationships


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Parallel Verses
King James Version
And it came to pass after all thy wickedness, (woe, woe unto thee! saith the Lord GOD;)
Darby Bible Translation
And it came to pass after all thy wickedness (woe, woe unto thee! saith the Lord Jehovah),
World English Bible
It has happened after all your wickedness, (woe, woe to you! says the Lord Yahweh),
Young's Literal Translation
And it cometh to pass, after all thy wickedness, (Woe, woe, to thee -- an affirmation of the Lord Jehovah),
Ezekiel 16:23 Parallel
CommentaryGeneva Study Bible
And it came to pass after all thy wickedness, (woe, woe unto thee! saith the LORD GOD;)Ezekiel 16:23 Parallel Commentaries
Library"Who Walk not after the Flesh, but after the Spirit. "
Rom. viii. 1.--"Who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit." It is difficult to determine which of these is the greatest privilege of a Christian,--that he is delivered from condemnation, or that he is made to walk according to the Spirit, and made a new creature; whether we owe more to Christ for our justification, or sanctification: for he is made both to us: but it is more necessary to conjoin them together, than to compare them with each other. The one is not more necessary--to be delivered …
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning
Humbled and Silenced by Mercy. Ezek 0. 711111111
For whom did Christ Die?
The Annunciation of Jesus the Messiah, and the Birth of his Forerunner.
"But Ye are not in the Flesh, but in the Spirit, if So be that the Spirit of God Dwell in You. Now, if any Man
The Covenant of Grace
An Exhortation to Love God
Degrees of Sin
"And He is the Propitiation,"
The Spiced Wine of My Pomegranate;
Cross References
Ezekiel 16:22
And in all thine abominations and thy whoredoms thou hast not remembered the days of thy youth, when thou wast naked and bare, and wast polluted in thy blood.
Ezekiel 16:24
That thou hast also built unto thee an eminent place, and hast made thee an high place in every street.
Jump to PreviousAddition Affirmation Declares Evil-Doing Sovereign Wickedness Wo Woe
Jump to NextAddition Affirmation Declares Evil-Doing Sovereign Wickedness Wo Woe
LinksEzekiel 16:23 NIV
Ezekiel 16:23 NLT
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Ezekiel 16:23 Commentaries
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Berdych Saves 2 M.P. To Reach Montpellier Semi-finals
Czech to face Herbert for spot in the final
Tomas Berdych saved two match points on Friday to keep alive his chances of winning the Open Sud de France for the second time. The 2012 champion scraped past Filip Krajinovic of Serbia 7-6(3), 6-7(5), 7-5 in two hours and 42 minutes for a place in the semi-finals.
Berdych looked on course for his 10th match win of the year when he led Krajinovic by a set and a break, at 4-3 in the second set. But Krajinovic surged back and broke in the first game of the decider en route to a 5-3 advantage. At 4-5, Berdych saved two match points from 15/40 and went onto win 14 of the next 18 points to complete victory.
The 33-year-old Czech fell to No. 79 in ATP Rankings on 28 January, his lowest position since No. 79 on 16 August 2004, after missing more than six months due to injury. But back in form, he will next play seventh seed Pierre-Hugues Herbert of France on Saturday. Herbert held his nerve to beat third-seeded #NextGenATP Canadian Denis Shapovalov 7-5, 7-6(4) in one hour and 44 minutes.
The Frenchman is currently at a career-high No. 44 in the ATP Rankings, and he is into his fifth tour-level semi-final. Herbert completed the Career Grand Slam in doubles with partner Nicolas Mahut last month at the Australian Open.


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Technology news for Australia's largest enterprises
Network Infrastructure
These search results are from across the Techday network of sites
17 Dec
Dell EMC embeds security in latest servers
Dell EMC's 14th generation of PowerEdge servers has comprehensive management tools to provide security across hardware and firmware.
13 Dec
Record revenues from servers selling like hot cakes
The relentless demand for data has resulted in another robust quarter for the global server market with impressive growth.
12 Dec
Opinion: Critical data centre operations is just like F1
Schneider's David Gentry believes critical data centre operations share many parallels to a formula 1 race car team.
12 Dec
MulteFire announces industrial IoT network specification
The specification aims to deliver robust wireless network capabilities for Industrial IoT and enterprises.
12 Dec
Schneider Electric's bets for the 2019 data centre industry
From IT and telco merging to the renaissance of liquid cooling, here are the company's top predictions for the year ahead.
12 Dec
Fujitsu's WA data centre undergoing efficiency upgrade
Fujitsu's Malaga data centre in Perth has hit a four-star rating from National Australia Built Environment Rating System (NABERS).
11 Dec
Australian businesses get serious about SD-WAN
"SD-WAN is doing to enterprise networks what virtualisation did to enterprise data centres almost a decade ago, but it's happening much faster."
11 Dec
White box losing out to brands in 100 GE switching market
H3C, Cisco and Huawei have all gained share in the growing competition in the data centre switching market.
11 Dec
Genesys PureCloud generates triple-digit revenue growth year on year
In Australia and New Zealand, the company boosted PureCloud revenue by nearly 100%.
11 Dec
How to keep network infrastructure secure and available
Two OVH executives have weighed in on how network infrastructure and the challenges in that space will be evolving in the coming year.
11 Dec
QNAP launches a new hybrid structure NAS
"By combining AMD Ryzen processors with a hybrid storage structure and 10GbE SFP+ connectivity, the system packs performance into a compact 1U frame."
11 Dec
Platform9 aims to allow enterprises to run Kubernetes instantly
Snapfish, HPE, and Juniper use Platform9's hybrid cloud solution to deliver a modern cloud infrastructure-as-a-service experience.
10 Dec
Tech savvy and business smart: The rising demand for soft skills in IT
"There is a growing desire among employers for a different type of data scientist, one that can talk both technology and business."
10 Dec
UNSW partners with Adobe to transform its digital ecosystem
UNSW aims to boost its existing set of marketing, web, and media analytics tools.
10 Dec
How Schneider Electric aims to simplify IT management
With IT Expert, Schneider Electric aims to ensure secure, vendor agnostic, wherever-you-go monitoring and visibility of all IoT-enabled physical infrastructure assets.
10 Dec
SolarWinds adds SDN monitoring support to network management portfolio
SolarWinds announced a broad refresh to its network management portfolio, as well as key enhancements to the Orion Platform.
10 Dec
JASK prepares for global rollout of their AI-powered ASOC platform
The JASK ASOC platform automates alert investigations, supposedly freeing the SOC analyst to do what machines can't.
07 Dec
SAP provides partners with free access to their cloud platform
"Now that over 3,700 SAP partners have joined our cloud strategy, the free resources will help them accelerate application development."
07 Dec
QNAP introduces new 10GbE and Thunderbolt 3 NAS series
The new series is supposedly an all-in-one NAS solution for file storage, backup, sharing, synchronisation and centralised management.
06 Dec
Why the future of IT infrastructure is always on and always available
As more organisations embrace digital business, infrastructure and operations leaders will need to evolve their strategies and skills to keep up.
06 Dec
How Cloudera aims to accelerate the industrialisation of AI
"Making teams more productive is essential to scaling machine learning capabilities in the enterprise."
06 Dec
Capitalising on exponential IT
"Exponential IT must be a way of life, not just an endpoint."
06 Dec
Is the on-premises data centre really going to 'die'?
Gartner certainly thinks so, as it expects the sheer majority of enterprises to have binned their on-premises facility by 2025.
05 Dec
Samsung, Qualcomm and Verizon demonstrate 5G NR data connection
The test used Samsung's commercial 5G NR and 4G LTE equipment to deliver the 5G NR data transmission using Verizon's 28 GHz spectrum.
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have you figured it out yet?
does nothing good
gives nothing good
kills your parents, your grandparents, kills their brothers and sisters. kills your brothers and sisters.
it's a family legacy of death passed from generation to generation
it takes your breath away
it takes your money
enslaves your thoughtlife in such an insidious way that you don't even realize it.
steals time from your family


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Worldwide Aircraft Maintenance Business Marketing Data
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5 Vaping Trends to Try in 2019
It's unusual to think that just a few years ago, vaping was pretty uncommon. Now, it's hard to avoid e-cigarettes. And also the individuals who vape are enthusiastic regarding it! Vapers are always looking for vape juices as well as gadgets to improve their experience. If you are among those individuals, you'll be pleased to recognize regarding the amazing vaping technologies that are occurring in 2019. Here are some of the most popular vaping patterns now!
Nicotine-Free Vape Juice
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10 working day strike led by AMIEU finished midnight 9th could. administration had ongoing to lock workers out While using the AMIEU ready to be advised of just how long it might continue13
Some nations techniques sustainable patterns which allows small waste manufactured as effluents in close by bodies of drinking water. while in the Philippines, some slaughterhouse ended up inadequately designed as proven by contamination and air pollution of nearby rivers [1] Freezing works[edit]
Some of the style and design ideas which have been taught are using reliable sides on chutes and crowd pens to stop animals from seeing out with their wide-angle vision and structure Aircraft Maintenance of curved chutes and round group pens. some individuals think the animals can odor or hear Dying, even so, and these may be area that will need improvement, including the utilization of scent see this here masking agents or acoustical boundaries. in addition, some animals in certain scenarios may improve to find out that right after their fellows are corralled in that area, their fellows by no means return.
growing Australian dollar12 sites pressure on selling price leading to some crops to offload product in the domestic markets12
In case the meatworks are actually feasible why experienced Grant Thornton not advised buying and selling out in the situation34
Cairns (extra frequently known as Queerah meatworks) was situated in significantly north QLD gained cattle from mostly north Australia, frequently by Barge with the NT and Normanton that experienced travelled through the gulf of Carpentaria within the 1960's to 1975.
Pittsworth residents mentioned closure with the Pittsworth abattoir will be a massive blow into the community17. Pittsworth currently utilized a hundred and ten people17.
Rumours had been concerned with how nicely the Killarney abattoir was functioning Annual Christmas celebration experienced failed Aircraft Maintenance to occur14
This was Aircraft Maintenance typically opposed on grounds of religious freedom. The slaughter of cows and the importation of beef into your country of Nepal are strictly forbidden.
These operate as "inexperienced" markets indicating all cattle & calves about forty two days of age MUST be pre-movement TB check this Aircraft Maintenance analyzed in sixty days of sale. The Store Cattle Sale is actually a catalogued sale and is obtainable by fax or e-mail about the Monday prior to sale.
Situated northwest of Brisbane and generally processes grainfed cattle. 4th biggest abattoir in Australia, at this time running.
with the early 19th century, pamphlets were being staying circulated arguing in favour with the removal in the livestock sector and its relocation beyond the city due to incredibly bad hygienic situations[seven] and also the brutal treatment with the cattle.
could. Toowoomba's Labour working day celebrations, abattoir personnel among the meatworkers marching with indicators Aircraft Maintenance that study "Scab labour won't be tolerated", non-unionised income workers might be purchased in.11
About EUROPAGES EUROPAGES is a European B2B System out there in 26 linguistic variations. With three million listed providers, generally companies, wholesalers, distributors and repair suppliers, every month click resources EUROPAGES attracts much more than 2 million final decision-makers trying to find enterprise associates, suppliers or service providers in Europe and around the globe.


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What do you do when you have less, limited and unpreditable level of energy?
You try your best to preserve it, and literally do all you can to not waste energy.
Here is a trick I just learned.
I use the oven a lot to cook, as it is easy, and quick. With a timer, you are at no risk fo fibro-fogging your food to charcoal looking things.
One day, after all those entertaing that we did, I was just dead tired, and chuck all the dishes into the owen. I turned the temperature dial off, and just let the fans run. Within 1-2 minutes, my dishes were dried. And did I tell you the wine glasses were spotless!!! It is as if I wiped them dry one by one!
Try this at home!!
It is perfect when the oven is in a semi cooled state, lower than 70C, whereby I could chuck in all those plastic plates that I have acquired since fibromyalgia and arthritis entered my life.
Technorati Tags:
coping strategies; chronic pain; fibromyalgia; chronic fatigue; Practical tips;


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A focal point could be a fire location, art work or perhaps the sigh. Just revolve, turn, and fluff to keep the shape and also prolong lifespan while making the area look neater in a snap.
Think of this post like a basics class as well as take a tip from Pablo Picasso: Discover the policies like a professional, so you can break them like an artist. To make the area, eliminate furnishings that are harmed, obsoletes, as well large, too tiny, or that you simply don't like anymore.
Good kitchen colors
A general rule is to keep a range in between the TV and seats that is. For the cattle ranch home, we are intending to fill it with household and also good friends as high as feasible (you can capture up on the story of the ranch home here if you'd like.
You desire to have the light enhance your living room time not make it awkward with severe light in your eye. The guideline of thumb is 10 inches of leg space (room between the dining as well as the seat table), as well as 2 feet of table width room for each visitor at your table.
Many homes have both, the other day's living room, space where people did most of their living, consisting of going to, snacking and watching TV, has been changed in most houses by the family members room. Wall surface Design: You have numerous options when it comes to enhancing the walls of your living room.
White kitchen units grey walls
If you don't have a great deal of area you might wish to select smaller sized living space furnishings, and also if you live alone you may be able to manage with a one-person recliner or smaller sized love seat– obviously with optional collapsible chairs or seats for when you have business eve. Burst out the determining tape as well as to measure your living-room to avoid any kind of uncomfortable furniture decision.
Yes, decorating fake pas are cent loads, however, most often, they 're not so easily dealt with. Left in its all-natural state, wood-eating chairs can provide a farmhouse or rustic ambiance to you are.
Wood is one of the most usual product made use of to craft furnishing. Pinsetters is a terrific source, also! If you enjoy clean lines as well as subjected timber grains, you may like mid-century modern.
You must additionally allow for at least 2 feet of empty room behind each guest at your dining table while they are sitting. It is merely a matter of looking for the thickness that is most suited to the living-room general and the use that is made of I.
If you host supper celebrations often, or simply consume in with your family every night, then comfortable eating chairs are a has to for your residence. It may be needed to try numerous various designs to get the one you like the best because not all of them are going to be developed equivalent when it involves the space you need to work wit.
Dark cabinets light floors
When you have established your design, now comes the fun part: purchasing brand-new furnishings! Beginning with the huge items– a home entertainment, rug, and sofa center– since they use up the most space as well as are the centerpieces of the space. If your room is 12 feet by 16 feet, your ceiling light should approximately be 28 inches.
Trying to reproduce this focus to information in our own houses, though, is an additional obstacle. Also if you presently call for no aid strolling or steering up and down staircases, your aging-in-place strategy should consist of a bedroom on the initial or main flood.
Finishing touches, as well as attentively chosen devices, make a room feel individual and cozy. Speaking about living room carpets and carpeting certainly leads to reasoning concerning products as well as second of all about colors, needlework and also designs that occur from refining each basic material.
One more method you can calculate the ideal dimension light is by utilizing the space is. Either means, your style ought to be mirrored in the item of furniture that you choose.


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West Brom have signed striker Charlie Austin from Southampton for an undisclosed fee, believed to be around £4m.
The 30-year-old has agreed a two-year contract and becomes the seventh new arrival at the Hawthorns this summer.
Austin joins Filip Krovinovic, Kenneth Zohore, Semi Ajayi, Darnell Furlong, Romaine Sawyers and Grady Diangana in joining the Baggies under new manager Slaven Bilic.
Austin has a goals record of 70 in 132 Championship games and could make his debut on Saturday when West Brom host Millwall.
In a statement on their website, Southampton wrote: "The club would like to thank Charlie for his efforts and we wish him well for the future."


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Krishnendu Dastidar (
in Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific from Springer, currently edited by Makoto Yano
Date: 2017
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Internet here. Internet there. Now Canadian Internet everywhere
The Canadian government promises to have internet everywhere in Canada.
How? Low flying satellites with the immediate advantage of internet to all remote areas of Canada & this includes indigenous nation areas. Plus the added advantage of internet brought to other areas of planet earth that did not have access. There are several advantages & here we stress just two.
Education of indigenous Canadian nations in their own ways in the homes where they live plus the other advantages of Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics all without needing to go to schools outside the area of their indigenous nation.
The latest methods of the ever progressing medical techniques brought through wireless energy on an ongoing basis to a local hospital.


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Dubai by Tripver™
A reminder that dreamz are meant to be lived
Select Dates | Personalized & Customized trips available for any date.
3 Days Office Leave Required
Price Starts at ₹ 39999 (incl. Flights) – Limited Seats Subject to Availability
Arrive at the airport early morning by 02:45hrs, so you have some buffer time for the long waiting queues/adhoc delay if any. Your flight departs at 06:45hrs. Say goodbye to Delhi with happiness in your heart, a smile on your face and your bag on your shoulder. Jump into your flight and fasten your seat-belts to restraint you excitement of exploring Dubai baby ! 😎 Touchdown at Dubai at 09:25hrs.
Meet and Greet, Transfer to HOTEL (Normal check in time is 14:00 Hrs). Approx. 19:00-19:30 Pick up from Hotel and Drop to Dhow Dinner Cruise with onboard entertainment. Overnight stay at Hotel.
Note Default departure from Delhi, customized departures available from almost any city/country. Call us on 1800-270-1447 to talk to a Trip Curator who can help you plan the perfect transit.
08:00 Hrs Breakfast at the hotel. Pick up from Hotel Lobby for Half Day City tour. After Noon Desert Safari includes Dune Bashing, Arabic dates, Camel Riding, Henna for Ladies, Belly Dancing and Tanura Dance with BBQ dinner. Overnight stay at Hotel.
After breakfast the day is free at leisure which can be utilized for Shopping, exploring or partying. Basically whatever you wish. Overnight stay in the hotel.
This is your day and we recommend you keep this day impromptu, and depending upon what your mood's like you can explore the city. Hotel Overnight stay at Hotel.
08:00 HRS Breakfast at the hotel. Check out from Hotel (Standard check out time 12:00Hrs). Pick up from Hotel and Drop to Airport. Catch your flight back home and bid Dubai adieu ! Reach Delhi with a heart full of memories, new friendships & unforgettable experiences Miss The Trip ! Forever & Ever !
- Duration : 4 nights | 5 Days
- Multiple Dates Available
- Executive Council of the Government of Dubai has recently issued a Resolution No (2) of 2014, regarding the introduction of "Tourism Dirham compulsory on all booked hotel accommodation in Dubai. The Tourism Dirham implementation date will be effective 31st March, 2014.The trip costing does not include this tax and it is to be paid by the guest directly at the hotel at the time of Checkout and is approximately:
- 3 Star Hotel – USD03 / AED10Per room per night
- 4 Star Hotel – USD04 / AED15 Per room per night
- 5 Star Hotel – USD50/ AED20 Per room per night
- All inclusions, exclusions & prices are mentioned on the booking page.
- We would love to help you out with transit from anywhere across the world or any modifications that you may need, just call us on 1800-2701447 (24 Hours | Toll Free) and a trip curator will assist you.
- The itinerary may be modified to accommodate changes in weather and any other factors.
Questions ? Available 24 Hours
Have any questions or need help, contact us at our 24 hour toll free number 1800-270-1447
Community Powered
All trips are powered by a trusted community enabling a unique experience, unlike touristy tours.
All the above image(s)/creative(s)/iconography & text is owned, licensed or provided by Tripnthrills.


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It may contain SPOILERS.
Continue reading at your own risk.
Character OutlineColonnello is one of the seven Arcobaleno and the holder of the Rain Pacifier. He has blonde, spiky hair and wears green army camouflage. Colonnello has a tendency to add "-kora!," or "hey!," to the end of his sentences. He wears black army boots and a camouflage bandana around his head. He is in charge of the training ground behind Mafia Land and was a former member of the COMSUBIN, and, because of that, he is not averse to using heavy artillery, using an anti-tank rifle as his primary Weapon. He has mastered the martial arts of karate and SAMBO. Falco, the bird on top of Colonnello's head, helps him fly to distant places. Colonnello acts as a rival towards Reborn and vice-versa, but despite this, he shares many traits with Reborn, like being a merciless tutor, suddenly taking naps (often while talking), and having a sharp tongue.
Plot Overview
Daily Life Arc
When Tsuna fails the test at Mafia Land, he is sent to Colonnello to train for his last-chance test. Colonnello proves he is a vicious tutor and great rival to Reborn by physically attacking Tsuna in competition to prove who was most strict. After putting Tsuna through the wringer, he falls asleep standing next to Reborn.
Varia Arc
He becomes Ryohei's home tutor during the Vongola Tournament, and stays at Ryohei's home. Colonnello was the one to teach Ryohei the 'Maximum Cannon' by shooting him with a bullet specially designed to hold all of Colonnello's knowledge. He was also an observer during the Sky Match.
Future Arc
Originally, Lal Mirch was to receive the Blue Pacifier until Colonnello intervened and left Lal Mirch with a corrupted Pacifier. He is said to have died trying to protect Viper. Lal Mirch and Colonnello are revealed to have a past together where she was the one who trained Colonnello before he became an Arcobaleno. Tsuna manages to open the Box given to him by Lal Mirch to reveal an Arcobaleno Pacifier (speculated to be Colonnello's) that she now keeps. Uni gives up her life to revive the dead Arcobaleno, and Colonnello resurges, telling Tsuna that Yuni undid all the damage created by Byakuran.
Arcobaleno Trials Arc
Colonnello was the first Arcobaleno to administer the first Trial for the Arcobaleno Seals. He fights Tsuna and Gokudera in the Trial of Combat Ability. Gokudera shoots him with various Flame Arrows, but Colonnello was able to avoid. Colonnello then appeared better than the two, but Colonnello loses to Tsuna's Attack. In the end, Colonnello's Rifle was badly damaged. Thus, Tsuna obtains the Rain Seal and has won the Trial of Combat.
He gets captured by Verde, along with all the other Arcobaleno besides Aria, using a variation of Non Tri-Ni-Set waves, which only paralyzes them, as opposed to outright killing them.
Inheritance Succession Arc
Colonnello and the rest of the Arcobaleno were called by Reborn to train Tsuna and the others. He was paired with Yamamoto, as they have the same Flame type. He watched over Yamamoto's training, and noticed that Yamamoto was acting strange. He confronted Yamamoto before his test with Asari about his behaviour and asked if there was something on his mind. Yamamoto responded that due to his easygoing nature, he let everyone down, and he wouldn't make the same mistake again. During the meeting with Asari, Yamamoto, assuming that the test was a battle, began to fight Asari. Yamamoto was pushed into a corner but notices an opening and tries to take advantage of it. He was nearly successful, but Colonnello intervened and stopped him. Asari then informed Yamamoto that he had failed the test.
Future Final Battle Arc
After Byakuran was defeated, Colonnello and the rest of the Arcobaleno were revived because Yuni sacrificed herself to bring them back to life.
Skills and Abilities
Like all Arcobaleno, Colonnello can emit his Dying Will Flames throughout his body.
- Rifle - Colonnello has been shown to be able to emit his Dying Will Flames with his Rifle, making it extremely powerful.
- Maximum Burst - The Rifle charges up power and releases an extremely powerful shot.
- Flying - With the aid of his Animal Partner, Falco, he is able to fly.
- COMSUBIN Training - Because of his training in the COMSUBIN, he is a trap expert and a Combat specialist.
- He is a former student of Lal.
- In the Reborn! Fandom, he is referred to as Col or 56.
- He said that Reborn is his great rival, but it is shown that he shares some of the same qualities with Reborn, like having a sharp tongue and sleeping out of the blue.
- His catchphrase is "kora," which means "hey".
- He single-handedly took out 1,375 hitmen from another Italian Family.
- Colonnello's name is Italian for "Colonel."
- So far, Colonnello has had 2 kinds of Costumes throughout the anime:
- Mafia Land Costume - Closed jacket with military cap.
- Entire Colonnello Costume - Opened jacket with handkerchief around his forehead with an 01 pin
- He considers himself as Skull's mentor, as does Reborn, and they often punish him for doing something wrong or cowardly.
- Openings Featured In:


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It's no secret Donald Trump has a bit of an inferiority complex when it comes to former President Barack Obama. After all, he spends a considerable amount of time comparing his administration's "accomplishments" to that of his predecessor's.
So when #ObamaOutdidTrump started trending on Twitter following Trump's unsurprisingly embarrassing performance at the G7 Summit over the weekend, it was the perfect way to remind him that he'll never quite measure up.
From Obama's treatment of Russian dictator Vladimir Putin to his legendary oratory skills, #ObamaOutdidTrump showed us everything we've been missing since Trump took the Oval Office.
I created the hashtag #ObamaOutdidTrump this morning, and it's already trending! Let's make it go viral and totally ruin Trump's day!! 😎 pic.twitter.com/7RoNAZ06VL— Jon Cooper (@joncoopertweets) August 25, 2019
Here are some of the best #ObamaOutdidTrump tweets.
Remember when Obama met Putin and he didn't act like Putin's little bitch??#ObamaOutdidTrump pic.twitter.com/glDbq6QuCu— Bubblegum Pop (@word_lambition) August 26, 2019
Trump's warm-and-fuzzy relationship with Putin has drawn much criticism over the last 2 1/2 years. Obama's interactions with the Russian president, however, were mostly marked by ongoing foreign policy disagreements.
Damn straight. Won the college and the popular vote twice. Was dignified and honourable every single day. The direct opposite of Trump. #ObamaOutdidTrump— Human1st (@Human1st) August 26, 2019
If you'll recall, Hillary Clinton received nearly 3 million more votes than Trump in the 2016 election, a fact Trump still refuses to accept.
Obama decreased the deficit during bad economic times— Lana Conroy (@lanagirl67) August 26, 2019
Trump increased deficit during economic boom
impressive failure of @realDonaldTrump trying to herald a platform for fiscal responsibility
hate to say this but #ObamaOutdidTrump
This #ObamaOutdidTrump tweet was yet another reminder that Trump's policies have added trillions to the national debt, despite his promises that he would reduce the debt "very quickly."
#ObamaOutdidTrump by simply caring and having a sense of humor.— @crybaby19511 (@crybaby195111) August 26, 2019
Even Obama haters can't deny that the 44th president of the U.S. was an incredibly compassionate human being. Remember when he unabashedly shed tears while addressing the country after the Sandy Hook shooting in 2012?
Trump, meanwhile, bragged about crowd sizes after visiting survivors of the recent mass shooting in El Paso, Texas.
I'll bet you ten bucks this gas station hasn't given out a single gallon of free gas! ⛽ #ObamaOutdidTrump pic.twitter.com/CAtKiddhRO— Jon Cooper (@joncoopertweets) August 25, 2019
Barely a day goes by when Trump doesn't make some kind of gaffe, whether on Twitter or during one of his bizarre press conferences. On the other hand, Obama has been called "one of the great orators in American history."
#ObamaOutdidTrump in NOT assaulting 16 women.— E. Jean Carroll (@ejeancarroll) August 25, 2019
Obama has never once been accused of violence against women. According to Business Insider, "at least 24 women have accused President Donald Trump of sexual misconduct since the 1970s."
These #ObamaOutdidTrump tweets were more on the humorous side—but no less worth checking out.
Obama wrote pieces for the Harvard Law Review; Trump wrote this piece for the Denny's menu. #ObamaOutdidTrump pic.twitter.com/jxyuR8coA1— Matt Johnson (@HotPockets4All) August 25, 2019
#ObamaOutdidTrump in taking photos. Seriously, has anyone ever noticed that Obama is incapable of taking a bad photo? pic.twitter.com/wAwOhBL4iw— Meredith (@meralee727) August 25, 2019
#ObamaOutdidTrump by showing that he was the President of all people in America. Not just his "base". pic.twitter.com/giMPICwF7R— Steward Beckham (@iTweetyNerd) August 26, 2019
#ObamaOutdidTrump at everything.... pic.twitter.com/lUJlZkZumW— Sandrine C. (@ChouardSandrine) August 26, 2019
#ObamaOutdidTrump - The best judge of character is babies. pic.twitter.com/Uo3OryAUNN— Janet Individual 1 (@JanetThoma) August 25, 2019
#ObamaOutdidTrump in every way. #25thAmendmentNow pic.twitter.com/wFDb4thNlT— Agirlhasnopresident 🌊 (@ChristmasJones) August 25, 2019
Overall, the #ObamaOutdidTrump hashtag was a stunning reminder that Obama treated the presidency with the upmost dignity and professionalism.
Make sure you're registered to vote in the 2020 election so we can begin to restore what Trump has systemically destroyed.


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Mini Marvels Ultimate Collection
About the Book
Mini Marvels Ultimate Collection
All-ages fun featuring the wild and crazy kid counterparts to Marvel's greatest heroes! Featuring Spidey, Wolverine, Iron Man, Hulk, and more Marvel favorites - reimagined for an all-ages audience! All your favorite Mini Marvels adventures collected in one hilarious and action-packed collection! Be there when Spidey gets the Paperboy Blues, Wolverine goes on a Cereal Quest, Hulk goes on a date, and the Fantastic Four are impersonated by Skrulls. Plus: Spidey gets in over his head when he babysits Power Pack, but he gets by with a little help from his AMAZING FRIENDS Iceman and Firestar!
Mini Marvels Ultimate Collection
- Publication Date: January 6, 2010
- Genres: Graphic Novel, Juvenile Fiction, Superhero
- Paperback: 216 pages
- Publisher: Marvel


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Tulane University School of Medicine
Office of Admissions and Student Affairs
1430 Tulane Ave, #8010
New Orleans, LA 70112
Complete post-decision requirements, including the Visiting Student Demographic Form. Upload this to VSAS.
Transportation: Tulane provides a shuttle that makes stops at Tulane Hospital, UMCNO, the VA Hospital and the Murphy Building. This area is also served during "off hours" by Tulane TapRide, an on-demand shared ride service (with a limited area). Riders do need to show a valid Tulane ID. More information about Tulane's Shuttles & Transportation system can be found on their website. Parking arrangements at the school must be made in advance. Contact Tulane Medical Center Parking Services Office (phone: 504-988-5577). Visiting students are responsible for making their own arrangements and for the cost of parking.
Review Tulane's needlestick policy: Tulane University School of Medicine Blood Borne Pathogen Policy. If you should experience a needlestick during your visiting rotation, please seek emergency medical care and contact your home institution about further steps
Review the following important documents: Tulane University School of Medicine Concerns About Professionalism Instructions; Tulane University School of Medicine Harassment Policy. You may also want to familiarize yourself with Tulane University's Emergency Preparedness website, particularly if you will be visiting during Hurricane Season (June through November).
Learn more about Tulane University School of Medicine and the New Orleans Area!