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The following articles are written by BHI clinicians and others to provide education and information about various topics. Check back with us frequently for more articles.
- ADD: Evaluation, Treatment and Prognosis
- 10 (Low Cost) Ways to Maintain your Psychological Health
- Depression: A Patient Guide to Treatment
- Dollars and Sense: Talking to your Children about the Economy
- Many People Suffer from Chronic Pain: How Psychology Can Help
- When Your Anxiety Level Goes Above "Normal"
- The Engaged Parent: Preventing and Dealing with Adolescent Drug and Alcohol Use
- 6 Tips to Achieving Your New Year's Resolutions
- Avoiding Burnout By Finding Your Flow
- Chronic Pain and Psychology in Florida
- Happy Holidays After a Loss?
We also invite you to read our BHI BLOG for timely and informative posts: www.HealthyBehavior.blogspot.com.
The information in these articles is for informational purposes only. It is not intended to be psychological advice and should not be considered a substitute for consultation with a licensed mental health professional.
ADD: Evaluation, Treatment and Prognosis
By Frederick M. Kravitz, Ph. D., Licensed Psychologist
Behavioral Health Institute
While there has been a lot of publicity in the past few years about children being diagnosed and treated for Attention Deficit Disorder, there still seems to be much confusion over the nature of the disorder, how we evaluate and treat it and the long-term prognosis for ADD kids.
ADD is a neurological disorder that negatively affects many aspects of a child's life. The disorder causes problems in a child's ability to control his behavior, leading to difficulties attending to tasks, completing work and organizing as well as others his age. These children are impulsive, easily distracted and quite disorganized. While there is no one cause, heredity, perinatal factors and head injuries have been cited. Some theories postulate an insufficiency of neurotransmitters, chemicals in the brain that regulate the flow of messages between brain cells. Regardless of cause, ADD is a group of behaviors including difficulty paying attention, focusing, staying on task and regulating one's own behavior. Some ADD children are hyperactive; some are inattentive. The latter are often times harder to recognize since they may appear attentive and focused while they are in fact daydreaming and not with the program. When called upon in class they may have no idea what's being asked of them. Whether a child is hyperactive or inattentive, these kids bore easily and often engage in self-stimulative behaviors.
Evaluating a child for ADD requires the input of parents, teachers and other caregivers. While it is normal for children to become restless and inattentive at one time or another, ADD should be considered only if these symptoms interfere with functioning at home and at school. The ADD evaluation typically includes a developmental history, teacher ratings of classroom behaviors, parent ratings of behavior at home, and psychological testing and observations. While there is no single test for ADD, psychologists typically administer a continuous performance test to see how a child's ability to sustain his attention on a tedious task compares with their same-age peers. Often times an intelligence test and/or an achievement test are administered to assess the child's ability to stay on task and to rule out other learning difficulties that may be contributing to the child's misbehavior and poor academic performance.
Once a diagnosis is made, treatment options may include the following:
- classroom accommodations (priority seating, closer supervision, the opportunity to take tests in a quiet room without distractions or time constraints)
- parent training in behavior management (consistent discipline, predictable consequences, extensive use of praise)
- individual counseling for the child to learn self-control strategies, focusing techniques and when appropriate , self-esteem building and social skills training
- referral to the child's pediatrician, a pediatric neurologist or a pediatric psychiatrist to assess whether a trial of medication is advisable
The physician's decision to recommend medication is typically based on the data presented by the treating psychologist. Specific stimulant medications are estimated to each have a 75% positive response rate. Overall, more than 90% of children respond well to one of the available stimulants. These medications control the ADD; they do not cure it. These medications are considered safe. Side effects are usually manageable: decreased appetite at lunchtime and a small delay in falling asleep at night.
As far as prognosis goes, we used to think that ADD children outgrew the disorder in adolescence. We now know that many of the symptoms persist throughout the life-cycle. However we also find that many children learn to compensate as they get older; they acquire new skills and may no longer need medication to function adequately in their later schooling or in their adult life. The career choices made by ADD adults may also reduce the need for treatment by providing stimulation with a minimum of tedium. ADD's effects are most apparent when an individual is in a classroom with the passive role of listening and learning. Once these individuals are out in the world working the effects are very different.
While some people have questioned whether we are over diagnosing ADD, scholars remind us that the world we live in is increasingly complex and requires that we stop and focus and try to keep up. The demands of modern life are clearly beyond the demands made on previous generations. The complexities of modern life have not caused ADD, but have revealed it.
10 (Low Cost) Ways to Maintain Your Psychological Health
By Todd D. Giardina, Ph. D., Licensed Psychologist
Behavioral Health Institute
Sometimes life can feel overwhelming. Whether it's due to the loss of a job, family problems, or "too much to do with too little time," stress can build and problems can appear insurmountable. It's easy to lose perspective. Here are some simple, low-cost ways to maintain your psychological health in these times of trouble
- Prioritize. Ask yourself, "What is essential and what can I take off my list?" When stress mounts, you'll find yourself with less time and energy. To avoid unnecessary frustration and conflict, decide on your priorities and make decisions accordingly. For instance, maybe until the big project at work is finished you could make career and family your focus, and the bowling league will have to make do without you for now.
- Exercise. While physical limitations may be an issue for some, being physically active in whatever way you can has several psychological benefits. Not only does physical activity produce a feeling of accomplishment, but it also causes chemical reactions in your body, which can have natural antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects. And, you recognize that you can escape your thoughts and feelings and just BE for a while.
- Keep talking. Don't keep your feelings pent up. When you find yourself worrying, it's better to talk with someone you trust – close friend, family member, or clergy. This can help you define the problem and develop ideas for possible solutions.
- Seek happiness. It is important to utilize the resources that are already within your grasp but that you may have failed to recognize or forgotten about. Schedule hobbies, social activities, and activities you enjoy into your routine. Why wait for happiness to come to you if you can seek it out?
- Set Goals. Consider reasonable and achievable goals, steps to attain them, and then work consistently in that direction. Whether you are working on saving money by packing lunches and eating out less, or controlling your anger by increasing your physical exercise and taking time outs when your tension starts to build, it is possible to change your behavior.
- Draw on past successes. Think back to difficult times you have experienced in the past – how did you get through? What did you do to cope? These answers may help you formulate a plan for weathering the current storm. If your faith helped you survive a rough divorce, then maybe meditation and prayer will help you manage your work-related anxiety now.
- Work on changing one thing at a time. If you are already stretched thin in other areas, adding the stress of major lifestyle change may not be a good idea. This is why Alcoholics Anonymous advises participants to wait until they have achieved sobriety before starting a new relationship. You end up adding to your burden and setting yourself up for failure if you lack the psychological energy to commit to such a task. Sometimes you need to give yourself a pass on some bad habits and focus on changing just one thing at a time.
- Avoid unhealthy comparisons. Just because your friends or co-workers seem to be handling life stress better than you doesn't mean they are; they might just be better at hiding it (and that can be a stressor in itself). Stress is very relative, and how you manage it all depends on your personality, life history, coping resources, belief system, and so on. Life is not an apples to apples comparison, and you'll only make yourself more upset by trying to keep up with the Joneses.
- Take a breath and count to 10. Long, slow breathing into your diaphragm (stomach) has a relaxing effect on the body and mind. Combine this with counting slowly to ten and you have tools that help manage anxiety, stress, anger, pain, insomnia, and even depression. You end up calming yourself instead of dwelling on your thoughts/emotions, allowing you to regain a feeling of self-control and greatly reduce reacting impulsively.
- Be realistic. Don't expect too much of yourself or other people. Give in occasionally when something is just not that important, and use your sense of humor whenever possible. Sometimes it's best to try to accept what you cannot change and just keep working toward changing what you can.
Depression: A Patient Guide to Treatment
By E. Nelson-Wernick, Ph. D., Licensed Psychologist
Behavioral Health Institute
Everyone feels "down" or "blue" once in a while, and these moods are often a normal reaction to stress or some disappointment or loss in life. But when this mood lingers on for weeks, it begins to impact different aspects of day-to-day functioning. It is impossible to "just snap out of it."
Clinical depression is a common medical illness, affecting 1 in 10 adults in any given year. Also, depression is known to weaken the immune system, making the individual more vulnerable to other health problems.Signs of depression include:
- Physical symptoms – lack of energy, fatigue, appetite changes, physical aches and pains
- Behavior changes – not as active, sleeping more or less, withdrawing from others
- Thoughts – difficulty concentrating and making decisions, negative thinking, expecting the worst, thoughts of suicide
- Emotions – sadness, guilt, anger or irritability
Some people believe that depression is a sign of personal weakness, and that the best thing to do is just "pull yourself up by the bootstraps and get over it." This is not true. In fact, this type of thinking leads people to feel ashamed of seeking treatment.
Depression is very treatable. 80 % of people respond well to treatment, and nearly all experience some level of improvement.
It is important to see a health professional in order to evaluate the possible causes of depression, including certain illnesses and the side effects of prescription medications. If these factors are found to be causing your symptoms, your physician will address them. Depression can also occur along with other medical illnesses, and if this is the case, both conditions may require treatment.
How is depression treated?
Treatments for depression include psychological interventions and antidepressant medications. Often a combination of the two treatments is most effective.
Cognitive and behavioral therapies are the most effective psychological treatments for depression. These therapies can help change negative styles of thinking and behaving that may contribute to depression. It can help you to develop good decision-making skills, learn to deal more effectively with others, and improve your relationships. A licensed mental health professional can help you set realistic goals for yourself and work with you toward achieving them. Sometimes family members are involved in treatment in order to learn effective ways to provide support.
Today there is a wide range of antidepressant medications used to treat depression. These medications help to alleviate symptoms of depression. It is important to be aware that regular physical exercise can also help manage symptoms.
Not everyone with depression requires medication. The decision to start antidepressant medication often depends upon the nature and severity of symptoms. Your physician and/or a licensed mental health professional can help you make that decision, and if you do start medication, they will work together to treat your depression.
If you are being treated with antidepressant medication, it is important to remember the following:
- Take the medication just as it is prescribed. Ask questions if you are unsure of the instructions, and write them down.
- If you experience any side effects, they will usually be mild and pass within a few days. If this is not the case, notify your physician.
- Because it takes a while for these medications to build up in your bloodstream, it may take several weeks before you can expect to feel positive effects.
- Do not stop taking your medication without first discussing this with your physician.
Depression is a common medical illness that results in changes in one's thoughts, emotions, behaviors and physical functioning. It is impossible to "just snap out of it." Cognitive and behavioral therapies as well as antidepressant medication have been shown to be effective treatments for depression. By being an active participant in your treatment you can help yourself move through the depression more quickly, and return to a healthier life.
For more information about depression and its treatment, please contact Behavioral Health Institute at 954-340-0888.
Dollars and Sense:
Talking to your Children about the Economy
In this time of extreme economic stress, it is difficult to leave the problems of the economy off the kitchen table. Fears about mortgages, college tuition, retirement, and day-to-day expenses haunt the halls of many family homes. Children are no doubt noticing the increased stress of their parents during the financial crisis and may be experiencing their own stress as a result.
"Children are extremely resilient," says psychologist Dr. David Palmiter, "However, they are keenly aware of tension in the household, whether it is from the financial situation or from other familial problems. It is important to be honest with your children, yet only share information that you think they can handle."
While open communication between parents and their children is the foundation of a healthy relationship, parents should not overburden their children. Instead, address problems at age-appropriate levels. For example, what a parent might tell a younger child about the family's financial situation is different then what they might tell an adolescent; young children may interpret the situation as more dire than it actually is. Older children and teens will be more exposed to the news--discussing their understanding of the economy and its implication on the family can be reassuring.
How parents phrase their worries about the financial situation influences a child's interpretation. Younger children may take overheard statements such as "we're going to the poor house" literally and thus internalize fears about losing their home. Talking to your children and asking them their thoughts and ideas will help clear up any misunderstandings, ease their anxieties, and reduce their stress.
Families can also use their financial situation as an opportunity to manage their children's expectations for material goods. Teaching your children about budgeting, perhaps by setting up a "savings account" for their pocket money, or by allocating a certain amount for charity, will help them better understand that an Xbox or an iPod might not be feasible for the holidays this year. Furthermore, these times offer an opportunity to focus on the positive aspects, and prioritizing what's important—relationships with loved ones and friends, the family's health—can lessen children's fears and reinforce family values.
Pay attention to signals that your child may experience: sleep and appetite changes, nightmares or avoidance of situations or people. Parents who use healthy stress-relieving behaviors set a good example for children. Taking a family walk after dinner or playing a board game in the evening are not only positive alternatives to distract oneself from the news, but also inexpensive activities that foster bonding time.
Being proactive about managing your family's stress and continuing life as usual, despite what's happening on Wall Street or Main Street, will help make a psychologically healthy home even in a time of economic unrest.
Special thanks to APA members Dr. David Palmiter, Dr. Mary Alvord, and Dr. Nabil Hassan El Ghoroury for their help with this article.
Many People Suffer from Chronic Pain:
How Psychology Can Help
by Todd D. Giardina, Ph. D.
Originally published in the July 2010 edition of the BHI E-newsletter.
A recent article in The Journal of Pain (Miller & Cano, 2009) reported that as many as 22% of people in the community may be suffering from chronic pain, i.e., pain lasting more than several months. While this figure may be surprising, what is even more noteworthy is that 35% of those chronic pain sufferers are likely to be depressed.
In addition, while we don't know how to account for this, the current research indicates some individuals are at greater risk for developing chronic pain: females, African-Americans, those who are middle-aged, or who are in a lower income or education bracket. Also, if you are already depressed or distressed you are likely to experience your pain more often, more intensely, or with a more debilitating effect.
Pain is a complicated phenomenon. While someone may say, "I feel your pain," in actuality, pain is subjective - no one but you can know what your pain feels like. Pain is also relative - meaning, stubbing your toe may rate a 3 out of 10 on a pain scale, but for another person it might feel like a 5 out of 10 - same injury, but a different experience of pain.
Perhaps the most complex aspect of pain is how it affects, and is affected by, your emotions. With acute pain -- the kind that passes in a short time -- it is common to feel anxiety. When the pain becomes chronic, with no clear end in sight, it can lead to feelings of frustration, helplessness, hopelessness, and eventually depression.
So how can psychologists help? Using cognitive-behavioral therapy we can teach you to change your psychological perspective and thus lessen your distress. For instance, we know that the types of thoughts we have influence how we feel and behave. If you are thinking, "This couldn't possibly be worse. My pain completely incapacitates me and I am worthless," there is a greater chance that you will feel more hopeless and depressed, experience higher levels of pain, and be less active and functional. We can help you recognize that although chronic pain may have caused some dramatic changes in your life, the reality is you still have many strengths, abilities, and means to contribute to your family. By learning to change the way you think, you can begin to improve your mood and your ability to manage your pain.
Other pain management strategies, such as breathing exercises and relaxation techniques, can help relieve physical tension and release endorphins, which are like natural antidepressants or painkillers. You can regain a sense of control over your body and your pain.
Comprehensive pain management usually involves a team approach, including the patient, psychologist, physicians, and physical therapists. Also, for a pain management protocol to be most effective it needs to be tailored to the individual patient. Family members are also involved at times.
Miller, L. R. & Cano, A. (2009). Comorbid chronic pain and depression: Who is at risk? The Journal of Pain, 10, 619-627
When Your Anxiety Level Goes Above "Normal"
By Monica Pedemonte, Psy. D.
Originally published in the November 2010 edition of the BHI E-newsletter.
Anxiety is a natural occurring emotional state that allows us to maintain alertness and awareness of our surroundings. When anxiety is maintained at a normal level it allows for effective problem solving and safety. Our signal that anxiety is going above normal is that we begin to feel uncomfortable, overwhelmed or unsafe. What triggers this discomfort? Typically, we become more anxious when we encounter a situation or event that we feel ill equipped to manage or solve effectively. At this point, we may experience the following: physical tension, aches, pains, excessive worries, self-doubts, restlessness, feeling on edge, apprehension, fearfulness, and/or irritability. As these symptoms persist, our feeling of efficiency is diminished. To restore a sense of competence, safety and comfort the following are recommended:
- Stay focused on the present.
- Quiet down the 'what if' thoughts.
- Take a long shower or bath.
- Listen to melodious music; move your body gently to the rhythm.
- Take a walk; take in the beauty of your surroundings.
- Confide in and seek support in a trusted friend or family member.
- Maintain healthy habits.
- Reassess the situation. Remind yourself that there is always something that you can do to make a situation better.
The Engaged Parent:
Preventing and Dealing with Adolescent Drug and Alcohol Use
By: Anne Davies, Psy.D
Originally published in the August 2011 edition of the BHI E-newsletter.
Over the summer we've likely been able to spend more time with our families, whether on vacation, visiting relatives, or attending local events. With the school year just around the corner it's the perfect time to reflect on ways we can stay engaged with our families and as "hands -on" as possible once our schedules get more hectic. Why is parental engagement so important? Children of hands-on parents not only tend to have higher levels of self-confidence and more success in school, but they are far less likely to smoke, drink, or use other drugs
Knowledge is Power
If you are a parent or guardian of middle school or high school children, it's important to plan how you will handle potential situations with regard to alcohol and other drugs. The first step is to make sure you as the parent are educated about the recent research on adolescent drug use.
Discard the Fiction, Learn the Facts:
- There still seems to be many misconceptions surrounding substance abuse. For instance, most people believe that alcoholism is evidence of a personal weakness, despite scientific evidence that it is a genetically influenced, physiological disease. Furthermore, many lay people do not regard alcohol as a "drug", or they consider it at least "not as bad" as drugs such as LSD, cocaine, or heroin. In fact, alcohol kills nearly seven times more young Americans than all illegal drugs combined.
- Another substance abuse misconception is the belief that drug addictions progress in similar ways in adolescents and adults. This is untrue according to research summarized in the book, "Teens Under the Influence", by Katherine Ketchum and Nicholas A. Pace, MD. This book describes in a clear and concise manner how the adolescent's developing brain is extremely vulnerable to the toxic effects of drugs.
The Science Behind It All
Many people are aware of the research findings that the teen brain is still in the process of developing. Human brains are at about 95 percent of adult volume by age five. Around the age of eleven and continuing into one's early twenties the brain undergoes significant reorganization and maturation. What you may not know is that drug use during adolescence can have permanent effects on brain development.
Understanding the Developing Brain:
- According to Dr. Jay Giedd, a neuroscientist with the National Institutes of Mental Health, it is a "cruel irony of nature that right at this time when the brain is most vulnerable is also the time when individuals are most likely to experiment with drugs or alcohol." What happens during the adolescent time period of brain development is not just a growth, but a "pruning". While more grey matter is growing with new nerve fibers, the brain is also bundling these nerve fibers together and pruning or cutting off nonessential branches. The end result is a highly coordinated brain that has reorganized itself to function more efficiently in terms of skills like emotional control and reasoning. So a teen brain that has the pruning process interfered with by drug use is significantly less efficient. In terms of information processing, it's like getting from Point A to Point B by driving on winding, country roads with multiple stops signs and intersections compared to taking the Interstate. The adolescent whose brain has been properly "pruned" emerges as a mature, reasonable, and rational adult. Drug use impedes this normal process of growth and pruning and can lead to permanent problems with memory, reasoning, and emotional regulation.
- Drugs also interfere with what scientists call "neural plasticity". This refers to the brain's ability to adapt and adjust to life experiences. The toxic effects of drugs make these connections-that should be flexible- turn hard and brittle. This effect results in the inability to adapt to change, learn from experiences, and make better decisions in similar future situations. The toxic effects also affect learning and memory by cutting off or short-circuiting neural connections. In terms of a computer analogy, teen drug use more profoundly affects the teen brain because the aforementioned drug interference becomes "hard wired" into the developing brains circuitry. The electrical and chemical circuitry that has been established in adolescence remains that way the rest of one's life. As an adult, one is not able to replace the "hardware" that's been damaged by teen drug use. In light of this research, it's clear to see how as adults, these individuals commonly appear to have the emotional reasoning and judgment of adolescents.
Constructively "Dealing with it"
There is also a myth that treatment for adolescent substance abuse does not work unless the teen is ready for it. In fact, research has shown that adolescents who are coerced into treatment are just as successful in treatment and recovery as adolescents who willingly enter treatment. Maybe one in twenty kids actually wants to go to treatment. For parents asking, "How bad does it have to get before I ask for help?" The answer is clear: Get help now. Don't wait until the problem is so obvious that your friends or neighbors have to work up the courage to tell you they are concerned. Treatment works--but it takes time.
- How to Raise a Drug Free Kid by Joseph A. Califano, Jr. (Simon & Schuster, Inc. , 2009)
- Teens Under the Influence by Katherine Ketchum and Nicholas A. Pace, M.D. (Ballantine Books, 2003)
6 Tips to Achieving Your New Year's Resolutions
by Todd D. Giardina, Ph. D.
Originally published in the January 2012 edition of the BHI E-newsletter.
For many, the New Year signifies the birth of a "new you" with fresh resolutions to accomplish. Some goals may be lofty, while others can be simple fixes to everyday issues. Here are tips to reaching a lasting change in YOUR life THIS YEAR!
Define a WHO:
- Ask yourself: "Am I ready to make the change now?"
- "Strike while the iron is hot"= if you have motivation on your side, go for the goal. If drive is lacking, don't force the issue. It's better to make a good attempt when you're ready than a halfway attempt and feel like a failure.
Recognize a WHAT:
- Identify a specific, measurable problem or issue (ex: lose 10 lbs. in 10 months vs. look better in the mirror).
- Choose your resolution wisely based not only on what you WANT to change, but what you feel you have the CAPACITY and ABILITY to change, along with what you DESERVE to change for optimal happiness.
- Change only one thing at a time - don't try to take on quitting smoking and losing weight at the same time.
Find a WHY:
- Weigh the pros/cons of your change (and the effort needed). An issue may have a lot in the pro column, but feel too difficult to address.
- Weigh emotional vs. logical motivations for change. (Tip - emotions usually win; change for my grandkids vs. because my doctor said it would be good for me.)
- Even if it's not your fault, it is your problem. Yes, cigarettes are addictive, but now your lungs suffer, not Big Tobacco.
Determine a WHEN:
- Set clear, realistic timelines - with check in points to re-assess, and rewards for progress.
- Fast change (to new habits) = Fast change (back to old habits)
- Slow and steady is the pace. Habits - as long as it took you to make them, it may take as long to break them (or at least longer than you'd like).
Create a HOW:
- Change people, places, things that are not conducive to your lifestyle change - determine "Supporters vs. Enablers."
- Incorporate or remove behaviors so that new and improved habits and routines replace the old, unhealthy ones (ex: chewing gum instead of smoking; walking instead of taking the elevator).
- Avoid triggers of a relapse (though they can occur) by changing your environment and attitude. If you don't have ice cream in the house, you'll eat less ice cream. Creating an environment that optimally facilitates change means you are doing the best you can to reach your goal.
Map out a WHERE:
- Your change needs to occur EVERYWHERE!
- Consistency is key to breaking bad habits, with no excuses or exceptions.
- As long as you are doing all in your power to achieve your New Year's resolutions, allow yourself a few setbacks for when life gets in the way. Don't throw away your progress, because ANY positive change is a GOOD CHANGE!
Avoiding Burnout By Finding Your Flow
by Todd D. Giardina, Ph. D.
Originally published in the June 2012 edition of the BHI E-newsletter.
"I feel burned out!" This can describe the end of a long day at work, taking care of kids, keeping up with exercise routines or maintaining relationships. Most people can relate, but you may not know that psychologists actually study burnout as a phenomenon. Burnout has most often been studied in work settings, but it can be experienced in all areas of endeavor. It's been defined as that crossroads of feeling worn out, not caring about work or people anymore, and feeling like your voice is not heard or your efforts don't matter (Maslach & Jackson, 1981).
On the flip side, "flow" is a term coined by psychologist, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, in 1990. Dr. Csikszentmihalyi and others working in the field of positive psychology study what leads people to feel true happiness, contentment and joy. Usually, psychology and the medical field in general is thought of as a place to turn when things are broken; however, positive psychology seeks to "find and nurture genius and talent", and "to make normal life more fulfilling." (Compton, 2005) Not intending to replace traditional psychology, but to complement it, positive psychology emphasizes the importance of not only studying how things go wrong, but seeks to determine how things go right.
Flow is a feeling state described as the meeting place of challenge and ability. For instance, you may become depressed or feel defeated if you take on a job, task, or activity that you question you have the ability to do (e.g., first job out of school, new parenting role, etc). On the other hand, you can become bored or frustrated if you feel you are in a place in life where things are too routine or easy, and there is no challenge, no goal to achieve, no mountain to climb (e.g., stalled out in your hierarchy at work, lost your hobbies along the way of parenting, etc.).
Professional athletes are most often used as the example of flow – that balance of confidence and risk that leads to many of the play of the day highlights on ESPN. But it's not just athletes who can achieve flow – the businessperson who closes a big but challenging deal, the parent who successfully juggles the kids' school/activity schedules and still makes time for charity work, the carpenter who takes on a job that could go overbudget and comes in underbudget and earlier than planned, the yoga instructor who keeps trying a certain pose until its mastered. In any aspect of life, you can find your flow – heck, even if you knit all day - if you challenge yourself to finish knitting your new granddaughter's outfit before she is born, and it seems unlikely but you press on anyway – that can be flow too!
What should you be looking for?
- challenge or opportunity
- passion for the task
- the ability to change the situation via your actions
Simply put, too little of any of these 3 and you are likely to burnout (or grow depressed/stagnant), but just enough and you find your flow.
It's that feeling of "maybe I can and maybe I can't, but I won't know unless I try." There may be defeats before the victory is achieved. But the thrill of the chase and the passion for the challenge are what keep you going – that's the difference between exhaustion and burnout, work and flow.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: HarperCollins.
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, 99-113.
Compton, William C. (2005). An Introduction to Positive Psychology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.
Happy Holidays After a Loss?
by E. Nelson-Wernick, Ph. D
Originally published in the December 2013 edition of the BHI E-newsletter.
You may ask, "Is it even possible to be happy?" When someone special is no longer with you, either due to the ending of a relationship, divorce or death, the holidays can be a very difficult time. You may long for the Happy Holidays of the past and feel a deep sense of loss. This is a normal reaction to losing someone who was important to you. Letting yourself feel the sadness is part of grieving and healing, but if you are feeling overwhelmed by your emotions, these are some ideas that may help.
- Be realistic. The holidays won't be the same this year and they may not resemble the joyfulness portrayed in all the ads. Try to accept that this is how it is for now. As time goes on the pain will not be so intense.
- Be open to doing some things differently. You can create some new traditions -- maybe opening presents Christmas eve rather than Christmas day, trying some different foods, or instead of being part of a big gathering, maybe you'll just see a movie with a close friend.
- Be good to yourself. Treat yourself as you would a good friend. Plan some pleasant activities. Get some physical exercise and enough rest, and watch that you don't overdue food or alcohol.
- Be around people who understand what you're feeling. Don't feel pressured to do things you really don't want to do. Let people know what you need.
- Be there for someone else. Reaching out to someone who may be feeling even more sad or lonely than you has a way of helping you both. Invite someone to dinner. Donate to a charity, volunteer at a soup kitchen, or send a care package to a soldier.
For more information about coping with different kinds of loss, check out these websites:
Loss in general --
Grief: Coping with the loss of your loved one
Coping with Grief and Loss - Understanding the Grieving Process
Grief: Coping with reminders after a loss
Loss due to suicide --
Coping with Suicide Loss
Loss due to divorce --
Surviving the Holidays While You're Surviving Divorce
Loss of a pet --
Coping With the Death of Your Pet


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January 8th, 2016, 12:18 PM
Haven't really been able to find much about this...does the TSA throw a fit about hair forks when you fly? I'm going to be traveling and must be dressed in minimum business casual, so as a guy, I definitely need to be "bunned up" at all times, so I want to take at least one fork. Anyone have any experiences flying with hair toys?


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Wynn-Boston Agreement Approved by MassGaming Commission
It had been established that Wynn Resorts has cleared still another administrative hurdle, regarding the construction regarding the luxurious casino resort in Massachusetts. The people regarding the MassGaming Commission have simply authorized an understanding proposed by the company-developer together with town of Boston.
The contract put an final end to your conflict between Steve Wynn and Marty Walsh the Mayor of Boston. People who keep themselves informed about the matter realize that Walsh disapproved of this decision regarding the MassGaming Commission to honor a license to Wynn. He additionally advertised that the casino is to have impact that is serious Boston therefore, the town had to receive 'host community status'.
The executive manager of this Gaming Commission had been reached for a remark and defined the agreement that funds Boston a 'surrounding community' status, 'a treaty'.
The casino resort is usually to be built along the Mystic River and its own opening that is official is for the last half of 2018. MGM Springfield can also be expected to open doorways on top of that, that will inevitably lead to competition that is intensified.
Eugene O'Flaherty and Robert DeSalvio were among the list of notable attendees during the Gaming Commission conference. Mr. O'Flaherty, a Boston organization counsel, said that each and every milestone attained by Wynn should be viewed as a success towards the city of Boston and vice versa. read more


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Bulb # - 7440
Reorder part # - M7440
Voltage - V
Color Temp - 2700K (warm white)
IP rating - 50
Qnt per pack - 1
This LED lamp will replace # 7440 incandescent bulb
7440 bulb replacement
SKU: M7440single
Lifetime warranty covers all workmanship and parts. Warranty does not cover vandalism, acts of God, improper installation or usage. Warranty assumes that Mathis Electronics purchases all parts and PCBs and is given the opportunity to run a full functional test on the boards.


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Product Details
With its simple and sleek design, the Watson Bedside Table has a modern look that's easy to style into any room with a wide range of bedlinen and accessories. You'll adore the way the bright, white cabinetry highlights the wood grain for a look that is simple and modern with a hint of natural texture. The strong legs provide a sturdy base to the unit so you can enjoy durable bedroom furniture that is built to last.
Made with MDF and pine, the unit contains two sliding drawers for storage for essential storage. Create symmetry in a room and frame your bed using a pair of these side tables or add a single side table beside a lounge or armchair. Use the wide surface to add a lamp, candles and personalised décor to your room and keep water close for during the night. With all this and more, you'll have essential bedroom storage without the clutter.
Well-constructed from quality materials, this standout piece of bedroom furniture is built to retain its stylish good looks through many years of enjoyment. If you love this look, then be sure to check out the rest of the Watson Range and have purposeful storage everywhere in your home. For a simple bedside table suitable for any member of the family, don't miss out on the Watson Bedside Table.
|Made from
|Pine and MDF with a matte paint finish
|Assembled dimensions
|57cm high x 48cm wide x 38cm deep
|Extra dimensions
Legs - 15cm high
Inner drawer measurements - 40cm wide x 10cm high x 28cm deep
|Carton dimensions
|15kg - 70cm x 47cm x 14cm
|Special notes
|The paint finish on this product complies with safety standard AS/NZS ISO 8124-3:2012
|Assembly required
|Any furniture that is not anchored to a wall has the potential to tip over in certain circumstances, ie if a child attempts to climb up on the furniture or in the event of an earthquake. Accordingly, we recommend that all furniture is anchored to a wall. We supply a free safety wall anchor with all furniture sold and we recommend these are used to prevent your product tipping.
Assembly Instructions Watson Bedside Table Assembly Instructions (225.47 KB)
Shipping & Returns
All products are couriered and delivery charges depend on what you order and the delivery destination. Please use the shipping calculator to work out a delivery quote.
Your order is dispatched from Brisbane, Queensland. The approximate delivery time to main metro areas is 4 to 6 working days. However please allow these approximate transit times for outer areas, SA 7-9 working days, TAS 7-9 working days, WA 10-14 working days & NT 12-14 working days. Visit our shipping & delivery page for more information.
100% no questions asked, money back guarantee
For full returns and exchanges information, visit our returns & exchanges page.
Customer Reviews
Sue19 May 2019
BrilliantGorgeous piece of furniture. Fantastic quality.
Easy to put together.This is my 3rd and 4th purchase.
The service was brilliant.
Products gorgeous.
Easy to put together.
Anonymous6 Apr 2019
Great furniture for a great priceVery happy with the purchase easy to put together and looks greatWould definitely recommend Mocka, was quick delivery, easy to put together and looks really good. Will be buying more.
Do you have a question?
Feel free to contact us


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So this is it. No longer employed. I am exposed to the world and its madness. Time to leap into the cold water.
Just Punch The Clock
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Collect the Compensation You Deserve after a Motor Vehicle Accident
Even minor motor vehicle accidents can be terrifying and leave you with serious injuries and significant property damage. If your accident was caused by another driver or an auto defect, you may have the right to pursue a lawsuit and collect compensation.
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What legislative act prompted many U.S. companies to develop internal ethical policies and procedures?
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act created new standards for the accountability of businesses and corporations and it includes penalties for acts of misconduct. The Act stipulates new financial reporting obligations, including the adherence to internal controls and procedures which are to certify the validity of their financial records. These accounting controls put into place were meant to reduce unethical/ illegal actions within an organization (Mathis & Jackson, 2011, p. 16).
What are key concepts related to business ethics that should be considered in the development of the ethics training program?
Describe the elements you will incorporate into your ethical training program (at least five).
There are several concepts which should be taken into consideration when an organization is creating an ethics training program. An ethics program will associate the behavior of employees with the primary ethical standards desired by organizational leaders. Customarily, there are surprising disparities between the ideal values of an organization and the values that are essentially displayed by employee conduct (Complete Guide to Ethics Management: An Ethics Toolkit for Managers, n.d.). The continued awareness and communication in regards to moral principles in the workplace will foster openness and integrity which are essential elements in the workplace and building teams. When employees have a vigorous coalition concerning their moral principles and the principles of the business, an individual will have the tendency to respond with potent motivation and performance.
Elements included in an ethics program include the following:
A Written Code of Ethics and Standards of Conduct
A solid code of ethics must touch upon universal standards that the organization supports; distinctive additionally, values which are distinctive to the day-to-day processes of an organization. These codes should focus the activities and goals of an organization, while simultaneously upholding universal ethical principles. The culture of an organization has a bearing on all levels of management, and employees and their behavior in making decisions concerning the organization (Mathis & Jackson, 2011, p. 13 ). In creating a code of ethics, begin by acknowledging actions that may create concerns, contemplate which are considered to be of moral value, such as matters in regard to esteem, objectivity and trustworthiness.
Training on the Ethical Behavior
There should be training on ethical behavior for all everyone in the organization, including executives, managers, and employees. The ethics program is essentially of no use unless all staff members are trained about what it is, how it works and their roles in it. All staff must be aware of and act in full accordance with policies and procedures, so it is imperative to make ethical training mandatory for all employees from the top down in...


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JEFFERSON COUNTY, Ala. - Derrick Marks Jr.'s mother said he was hurting, mourning a best friend gunned down outside a central Alabama barbershop Tuesday.
"I know you forever with me until we meet again," Marks wrote on his Facebook page about three hours after Delquan McNeily, 21, was killed.
Marks, 25, of Birmingham, decided to meet some friends to play video games and take his mind off his friend's slaying. Minutes after leaving his home, Marks was also cut down by a bullet, AL.com reported.
He died a short time later at St. Vincent's East Hospital.
"We never got a chance to see him,'' Catrina Carey said of her son's body. "I'm devastated. I haven't eaten. I haven't slept. I haven't put my eyes on him."
The spate of violence began around 1:40 p.m. Tuesday when gunfire broke out outside Corey's Barber Shop in Center Point, AL.com said. McNeily was found dead near the doorway of the business.
David Agee, deputy chief of the Jefferson County Sheriff's Office, said the preliminary investigation indicated a group of men were arguing outside the barber shop, which AL.com reported is located in a heavily-populated commercial area. Witnesses from nearby businesses reported hearing at least five or six gunshots and seeing a vehicle speed away.
"We don't know what the argument was about, but weapons were drawn and a man was shot, and he is dead," Agee said at the scene.
AL.com reported that investigators determined McNeily and another man were arguing when a third person came out of the barber shop and opened fire, striking the victim. He was pronounced dead at 1:50 p.m.
Marks was among the grief-stricken family and friends who gathered outside the barrier of police tape cordoning off the shop that afternoon, Carey told the news site.
"They were best friends,'' Carey said of McNeily and her son. "He used to be at my home all the time. They were very close. He was very sweet. He was the one in the bunch that never talked. He was on the timid side."
Breaking: Authorities are on the scene of a homicide outside Corey's Barber Shop in the Center Point area pic.twitter.com/b28x4oUDUv— carol robinson (@RobinsonCarol) February 25, 2020
Witnesses say they heard 5 to 6 shots and saw a car fleeing the scene. https://t.co/QGhqhaqz65 pic.twitter.com/vxJfX0cQ4d— carol robinson (@RobinsonCarol) February 25, 2020
Carey said she saw her son when he came home from the crime scene in Center Point. Concerned about the violence and about how upset Marks was, she begged him to stay in that night.
"I said, 'Just don't go back out. I don't know what's going on. Please just stay in the house,'" Carey told AL.com.
Marks got a phone call, however, and was soon packing up his gaming console to take with him to the Hunter Ridge Apartments in nearby Irondale, where he and friends planned to play for cash. He walked out the door around 6 p.m. and within 15 minutes, he had been fatally wounded.
Carey told AL.com a bullet that struck Marks in the leg traveled internally to his heart, killing him. He was pronounced dead at the hospital at 7:13 p.m., less than six hours after his best friend's official time of death. The shootings took place about 6 miles apart.
Irondale police officials told the news site Marks was found sitting in a vehicle in the apartment complex's parking lot, which was littered with about three dozen shell casings. Investigators do not believe he was in the vehicle when he was shot.
Carey said she believes her son may have been ambushed by someone who knew he was bringing cash to the apartment. She said she believes the two shootings in such a short time span are a coincidence.
"In my heart, I don't feel like one had anything to do with the other," she told AL.com.
Carey said she was still trying to comprehend both her son and his best friend being killed.
"There's so much violence in the neighborhood. We trying to talk to the kids, and the teens, and the young men, but the violence has just taken over," she said.
Carey said she will always remember the creative side of her son, who worked in refrigeration but dreamed of being a rapper. Marks had some success on the local rap scene under the stage name ABM Brazi.
She urged the person who shot her son to surrender to police.
"Whoever did it, especially if it was a friend, turn yourself in. You really hurt a lot of people," Carey said, according to the news site. "I forgive you and I hope God blesses you, but I want justice served."


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Inspired by the fairytale Rapunzel', unique pair.
The erotic sides of Rapunzel's figure are represented in the high heel shoe. The use of real hair, the element most identified with Rapunzel, also creates a sense of erotica. The flower at the peep-toe of the shoe in made from bold red leather symbolizes femininity and seduction inspired by German folklore, 2016.
Material: leather and hair. © The Guild school of footwear and accessory design, photo by Shay Ben Efraim.


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With more than 740 questions scenario based for ASQ Manager of Quality/Organizational Excellence certification exam, i was amazed. There were multiple choice questions and time limit for ASQ CMQ/OE, just like the actual exam has. Be it the scoring system or syllabus, the ambiance built by the makers gave me jitters as it is something that every student appearing for the exam should go through.
Myriad of questions to practice for ASQ CMQ/OE
Sep 6 2018 - 12:30


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Under its new service shippers will be entitled to transfer gas without capacity limitations and the LNG terminal will be added as an entry point. Currently this is only the case for shippers with capacity to or from the Interconnector.
his double feature will virtually extend the Zeebrugge Hub to the whole Zeebrugge area, Fluxys said.
The Interconnector feeds either UK gas into the continent or continental gas into the UK, the Zeepipe terminal brings Norwegian gas into Belgium and the LNG terminal receives cargoes from countries such as Qatar.
A new capacity allocation window will be held for shippers interested in subscribing to the ZEE Platform Service as from October 1.
As with the previous capacity allocation window, an overall ZEE Platform capacity of 400,000 cubic metres/hour will be made available for open transfer of gas between the Interconnector, Zeepipe and the Zeebrugge Hub, Fluxys said.
Applicant shippers will be allocated a capacity package in proportion with their requests, the company said.


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Sunnuntai saucer
The Sunnuntai saucer from Arabia bears the classic yellow design by Birger Kaipianen's that was first conceived in 1971. "Sunnuntai" is Finnish for "Sunday", an aesthetic brilliantly reflected in the sunny and radiant pattern of the collection. This porcelain saucer is perfectly suited for both everyday use as well as more festive occasions. Pair with the cup from the same series for a brilliant matching look and combine with even more products from the Sunnuntai collection to really bring a graceful cohesion to your table setting.


text: On Tue, 2008-07-01 at 08:54 -0700, Lachlan Andrew wrote: > Greetings David, > > 2008/7/1 David P. Reed <dpreed at reed.com>: > > No human that I know > > of *ever* generates a Poisson distribution. > > I might be one of the brainwashed, but I think that your (correct) > observation misses the point. An individual human produces one or two > connections. The Poisson process comes from thousands or millions of > users each generating their connections independently. > Heh. The individual human pokes a web browser to visit another page. Embedded on that page are often tons of images or other objects, not necessarily at the same web site. So an individual human often initiates anywhere from one, to many, many, many TCP connections all at once. - Jim > -- Jim Gettys <jg at laptop.org> One Laptop Per Child


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Have you ever seen the colors of fall? The leaves changing to different colors are some of the most incredible things to see. There is nothing quite like taking a drive and seeing the colors blend beautifully together. Instead of seeing just green on the trees, you get to see bright red, orange and yellow.…Read More
#FreebieFriday – Fall Recipe Card
HAPPY ALMOST FALL! With the first day of autumn being September 23rd this year, I thought you would all enjoy a new freebie this weekend of a recipe card! It's a simple design, but oh so adorable to use. I mean, look at that little squirrel in the bottom left corner. I'll add this to…Read More
Protected: What's Your Story?
There is no excerpt because this is a protected post.Read More
Getting Into the Holiday Spirit – A Holiday Guide – BeautyMePlease
This Black Friday post comes to you from a fellow Washington resident! Briana reached out to me regarding guest posting, and lo and behold she lives only one hour from me in my new home state! I'm sure you'll see more collaborating between her and I in the coming years as we can easily work…Read More
Favorite Fall Autumn Dishes – AdelineOnlineLife
Good afternoon bloggers and welcome to another Monday post with another guest. Adeline is a new friend of mine, and has an awesome blog that can be found here. If Instagram is your thing, you can also find her there at Adeline.A.Williams. Reading everyone's stories and advice tips for depression/anxiety and life stress so far…Read More
Vegan Pumpkin Chocolate Chip Cookies – Gabriela
Good Morning friends! Monday means guest blogger time! Thankful to have this chicka on here to share this awesome recipe with us on vegan pumpkin cookies! You can find her personal Instagram here and her Toki Box Instagram here. 🍪 🎃 Hi everyone! Nice to meet you! I'm Gabriela – vegan + baker + proud owner of…Read More
Welcome October!
Hello and good afternoon everyone! It's Sunday, and a brisk Sunday here in Olympia, Washington at that! It's finally starting to look and feel like fall here… trees are changing and everything is dying around us – don't worry, nature mostly. I have candles burning on the mantle (which I still need to clean off..…Read More
Liebster Awards!
I was nominated many eons ago by Debs The Ninja on her blog. I'm super grateful, and never realized what it was until I read more up on it not too long ago (meaning like 3 months ago now, but still this was from back years ago… lol.) Since this is so old, I'm going…Read More
I'd Like a Drink
Sunday evening and I've spent about an hour and a half in the bath enjoying my "me" time making some designs. I remember today was Victor Hugo day and I chose something from Les Misérables because it's my favorite movie. I'd like to watch it sometime here soon. I haven't in about a year and…Read More


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Representation on charges of theft, shoplifting, check forgery, embezzlement, etc. Minneapolis, MN
Ms. Torgerson, Esq., a criminal defense lawyer, in this category, handles cases involving charges of theft, shoplifting, theft by swindle, theft by misrepresentation, credit card fraud, financial transaction card fraud, embezzlement, mail fraud, forgery, check forgery, burglary, robbery, aggravated robbery, receiving stolen property, identity theft, possession of counterfeit money, motor vehicle theft, motor vehicle tampering, financial exploitation of a vulnerable adult, etc.
Lynne Torgerson theft defense lawyer gets $2.5 million theft by swindle case dismissed
Lynne Torgerson lawyer, Lynne Torgerson's client was charged with aiding and abetting theft by swindle in the amount of $2.5 million dollars. After a long year of multiple court dates, the case was continued for dismissal and then dismissed. This means that for this theft by swindle case, there was no guilty plea, no finding of guilt, and no conviction. Further, the client would now be eligible for an expungement. Excellent result Ms. Torgerson!
Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney Lynne Torgerson obtains dismissal of felony financial exploitation of vulnerable adult case
Criminal Defense Attorney Lynne Torgerson obtains dismissal of felony financial exploitation of vulnerable adult case in Dakota County, State of Minnesota. Initially, Ms. Torgerson worked out an agreement with the Dakota County Attorney's Office that the case would receive a Diversion disposition. Having successfully completed Diversion, the case was dismissed. Well done client and Ms. Torgerson.
Minnesota Criminal Defense Attorney Lynne Torgerson obtains continuance for dismissal on behalf of client
Minnesota Criminal Defense Lawyer, Lynne Torgerson, won a continuance for dismissal on behalf of client, out of Scott County, State of Minnesota. It really can't get much better than this. Ms. Torgerson's client was charged with theft (shoplifting) for leaving a grocery store with groceries without paying for them. Ms. Torgerson's client had no prior criminal record. Due to work shortages, his income was rather depleted. A continuance for dismissal is where the case is held in abeyance for a year, on the conditions that a defendant pay court and prosecution costs, and remain law abiding. It does not involve any guilty plea or conviction. Then, after a year, the case is dismissed. The client did not plead guilty, was not conviction, and their criminal record remains clean. This sort of resolution also makes the client eligible for an expungement. Well done Ms. Torgerson.
A theft charge is undoubtedly one of the most challenging situations faced by an individual and his family. Not only does it lead to painful emotions such as embarrassment and disappointment, but also leads to an uncertain future. If you or any of your loved ones is charged with theft, it is best to retain the services of a qualified and experienced Theft Crimes Attorney as soon as possible. Timely action is a must in a theft crime case, as it would help your attorney to prepare well for your case, and possible trial, when the evidence is fresh and still available.
As a Minnesota Theft Crimes Attorney with over 29 years of experience, Ms. Lynne Torgerson has a thorough understanding of theft crimes in Minnesota, and realizes their seriousness and gravity. Often, charges of theft could lead to harsh consequences when compared to some other charges and accusations. A lawyer of Lynne Torgerson's standing can help you with the most effective of defenses, irrespective of the level of your charge.
Shoplifting Charges
Too often, people undermine the severity of a shoplifting charge. A conviction can lead to long term negative collateral consequences and employment problems. In addition to that, if it is your child who is facing the charges, it is highly recommended that you help him out of the legal process rather than letting him figure things on his own. This especially crucial as the consequences of a shoplifting charge are often graver than expected. It is highly recommended that you seek and retain the services of a qualified and talented Minnesota Shoplifting Attorney at the earliest to properly handle the challenging situation.
Theft Charges & Imprisonment
A theft charge in Minnesota can lead to dire penalties such as imprisonment and high fines, as well as negative employment consequences. Whether you are accused of petty theft, grand theft, robbery, larceny, burglary, embezzlement or auto theft, your first step should be to contact a knowledgeable theft lawyer at the earliest. Lynne Torgerson is your best choice for a theft attorney, as there are very few theft attorneys who can match her experience, qualifications, and dedication. If you are looking for strong and innovative legal representation, then retaining her services can help you achieve the best possible results for your case.
Lynne Torgerson, Esq., Attorney at Law, has an impressive track record in providing legal assistance to a number of individuals facing theft charges. She is well aware of the intricacies and complications associated with a theft case and is an expert in maneuvering through the legal system in Minnesota.
She is a one step ahead of the other theft attorneys and works for the best possible defense for her clients. Once retained and on your team, she desires to provide you with the best legal representation around.
If you are seeking the services of a talented and experienced theft attorney, request an initial consultation with Lynne Torgerson.
CASE LAW UPDATE: Was evidence sufficient in check forgery trial?
Defendant argued on appeal that the State failed to present sufficient evidence to sustain his conviction of check forgery. Noting that a bank security guard testified that defendant appeared very nervous, and when confronted by the security guard, was unable to provide specific details about where he performed the work and who issued him the check, the Minnesota Court of Appeals concluded that the circumstances, when viewed as a whole, rendered defendant's theory that he did not know the check was forged unreasonable. Affirmed.
State v. Collins, A18-2002 (Ramsey County).
Minnesota Criminal Defense Lawyer Lynne Torgerson was not attorney of record in this case.
Theft Lawyer Minneapolis & Shoplifting Attorney
Our Minneapolis Theft Lawyers represent clients throughout Minnesota including Minneapolis, St. Paul, Twin Cities, Edina, Eden Prairie, Bloomington, Burnsville, Minneapolis, St Paul, Brooklyn Park, Brooklyn Center, Coon Rapids, Blaine, Maplegrove, Maplewood, Woodbury and Plymouth. Including, but not limited to, the counties of Hennepin County, Ramsey County, Anoka County, Dakota County,Washington County, Sherburne County, Wright County, Dakota County and Washington County, Carver County, Scott County, Wright County, Sherburne County, Isanti County,Chisago County and Stearns County. Lynne Torgerson represents clients throughout the entire State of Minnesota.
Contact Lynne Torgerson today at 612-339-5073 to schedule your free consultation. Our law firm can help you with our qualified Theft Defense Lawyer in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Localities Served
Ms. Torgerson, Esq. practices throughout the State of Minnesota. She can also represent people in other states if granted pro hace vice admission. More specifically, the terrorities in which Ms. Torgerson, Esq. practices include: Minneapolis, St. Paul, Hennepin County, Ramsey County, Aitkin County, Albert Lea, Anoka County, Becker County, Beltrami County, Benton County, Big Stone County, Blaine, Bloomington, Blue Earth County, Brooklyn Center, Brooklyn Park, Brown County, Carlton County, Carver County, Cass County, Chippewa County, Chisago County, Clay County, Clearwater County, Columbia Heights, Cook County, Coon Rapids, Cottonwood County, Crow Wing County, Crystal, Dakota County, Dodge County, Douglas County, Faribault County, Freeborn County, Fridley, Goodhue County, Fillmore County, Grant County, Hennepin County, Hopkins, Houston County, Hubbard County, Isanti County, Itasca County, Jackson County, Kanabec County, Kandiyohi County, Kittson County, Koochiching County, Lac Qui Parle County, Lake County, Lake of the Woods County, LeSueur County, Lincoln County, Lyon County, Mahnomen County, Maple Grove, Marshall County, Martin County, McLeod County, Mille Lacs County, Meeker County, Minneapolis, Morrison County, Mower County, Murray County, Nicollet County, Nobles County, Norman County, Olmsted County, Otter Tail County, Pennington County, Pine County, Pipestone County, Plymouth, Polk County, Pope County, Ramsey County, Red Lake County, Red Wing, Redwood County, Renville County, Rice County, Richfield, Robbinsdale, Rochester, Rock County, Roseau County, St. Louis County, St. Louis Park, St. Paul, Savage, Scott County, Sherburne County, Shakopee, Sibley County, Spring Lake Park, Stearns County, Steele County, Stevens County, Stillwater, Swift County, Todd County, Traverse County, Wabasha County, Wadena County, Waseca County, Washington County, Watonwan County, Wilkin County, Winona County, Wright County, Yellow Medicine, and throughout the State of Minnesota. Again however, she practices in all cities, all counties, and all courts.