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Society proceedings societa Italiana di elettroencefalografia e neurofisiologia
Society proceedings societa Italiana di elettroencefalografia e neurofisiologia
Society proceedings societa Italiana di elettroencefalografia e neurofisiologia
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1973, 35: 435-440 ©Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam-Printed in The Netherlands ...
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Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1973, 35: 435-440 ©Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam-Printed in The Netherlands
SOCIETA ITALIANA DI E L E T T R O E N C E F A L O G R A F I A E NEUROFISIOLOGIA Varenna, June 2-3, 1972
Secretary;. D R . C. A . TASSrNARI Neurological Clinic of the University of Bologna, Bologna (Italy)
i. Cortical projections and transcommissural reactivity of neurones sampled from the thalamic relay-nucleus of the cerebello-cortical pathway ( V L ) . - - A . Bava, F. Cicirata and M. Maricchiolo (Catania).
2. The organization of eleetrocortieal activity during wakefuiness and sleep in the c a t . - - R . Amore, B. Cavazza, F. Ferriilo, B. Gasparetto, G. Rosadini and W. Sannita (Genoa).
It has already been observed that conditioning subliminal stimulation of the thalamic nucleus ventralis lateralis (VL) of the cat greatly enhances the relaying ability of the contralateral homonymous nucleus, as shown by a two-fold increase of the cortical evoked potentials obtained by stimulation of the corresponding brachium conjunctivum. On the other hand, unitary analysis has shown less than one third of VL neurones were excited by contralateral homotopic stimuli and one tenth more were inhibited. The present investigation was carried out to ascertain the reason for this seeming inconsistency by studying the nature of VL elements subjected to transcommissural influence. The experiments were performed on curarized, artificially ventilated cats (PCO 2 monitored in expired air) under chloralose anaesthesia (80 mg/kg i.p.). Routine preparation included wide section of sensory-motor cortex (I and II) ipsilateral to the VL to be stimulated. Concentric, stereotaxically oriented electrodes were used for stimulating the VL, single or repetitive shocks (l-100/sec; 0.2-0.5 msec; 6-11 V) or short trains of shocks (3-4 shocks at 320/sec; 0.1-0.2 msec; 5-10 V). An array of 9-24 switchable stainlesssteel electrodes (100 k,O resistance) delivering single or repetitive shocks (l-300/sec; 0.05-0.5 msec; 5-20 V) were thrust 1-3 mm deep into contralateral sensory-motor cortex, thus allowing excitation of the output from the contralateral VL. This nucleus was explored by tungsten wires, thinned down to 3-5/~ at their tips, between planes A9.5 and AI 1.5. Of the 183 VL neurones explored with 38 penetrations, 46.4~ proved to be sensitive to "transversal" stimuli (68 excited, 17 inhibited). Over one half (54~) of the 183 neurones reacted to cortical stimulation which fired antidromically one third of VL-VL activated units sensitive to cortical stimuli (thalamo-cortical relay cells TCR), but only one tenth of cortically drivable VL-VL inhibited units. The remainder were either undrivable by cortical stimuli or transsynaptically activated. The cortically drivable VL-VL insensitive population consisted of 20 ~ TCR cells and 80 transsynaptically activated cells. These asymmetries in TCR cell distribution might well explain the difference in effects pointed out at the beginning.
An attempt to characterize with mathematical criteria the electrocortical activity of the cat has been made by a computer analysis of the records obtained during wakefulness and sleep. Seven animals have been studied and the following parameters considered: (1) Total power of EEG spectrum, calculated on consecutive shorts segments (8 sec) and on a long sample, statistically apt to define the average aspect of the different situations. (2) Frequency and power value of dominant peaks. (3) Percentage ratio of 4 frequency bands (0--4, 4-8, 8-12 and 12 c/sec). The results obtained can be summarized as follows: (a) During wakefulness the cortical electrical activity is characterized by one peak only, centred on the low frequencies (2-3 c/see); progressively decreasing power values correspond to successive frequencies up to 25 c/see, above which any activity is exceptional. (b) During synchronized sleep the dominant peak characteristic of wakefulness is still present and enhanced in power. A second peak around 12 c/see appears in the anterior leads. The total power is also increased and no significant alterations occur in the percentage ratios of the considered bands. (c) Results strictly similar to those seen in the waking state have been obtained in the REM phase of sleep. In all the considered conditions the EEG organization is different in the various structures simultaneously explored and in the time yariable for each structure. Peculiar rhythmically organized activities do not seem characteristic of the "msidered functions, and alterations, mostly quantitative of the whole spectrum, accompany the transition from one to the other. The 12 c/see peak occurring in synchronized sleep indicates that a second generator is operating in this situation only. 3. Postsynaptic responses of buibo-pontine and mesencephalic reticular neurones induced by stimulation of limbic structures.- M. Margneili, A. Grantyn, R. M. Grantyn and M. Mancia (Leipzig, D.D.R., and Milan ). In enc~phale isol~ cats, cerebellectomized, curarized and artificially ventilated, an intraeeUular study has been under-
436 taken to clarify the postsynaplic response~ of hulho-pontinc (BP) and mesencephalic (MES} reticular netmmcs to ~timulation of hippocampus, entorhimd cortex, scptum, lateral hypothalamus, medial forebrain bundle (MFB) and reticulo-spinal tract (RST). Both BP and MES reticular neurones were found to be prevalently of excitatory type: hippocampus was effective in 43'~', of BP and in 68"/o of MES, entorhinal cortex in 555';, PB and in 61".i; MES, septum in 59 ~,,, BP and 78 'YooMES, lateral hypothalamus and MFB in 76',, BP and in 810/,~ MES neurones. The postsynaptic responses of BP neurones were mainly of "'phasic'" type with short lasting and quick rising phase EPSPs while MES neurones responded with long lasting EPSPs and prolonged discharges outlasting the stimulus, characteristics of a "tonic" type response. The latencies of responses were longer for MES (18.3 msec) as compared to BP (7.8 msec). On the basis of previous findings (A. Grantyn 1971) our results suggest the presence of a limbic brain-stem feed-back circuit essentially positive in character. The excitato: y influences on BP and MES reticular neurones with different electrophysiological features suggest that the limbic system may have a functional role influencing the brain-stem mechanism of arousal and sleep (synchronous and desynchronized). 4. lntracellular study of intralaminar thalamic neurones during mesencephalic reticular stimulation.--M. Maneia and J. Otero-Costas (Milan).
In enc~phale isol~ curarized cats intracellular recording from intralaminar thalamic neurones during high frequency mesencephalic reticular stimulation has revealed an inhibitory effect on spontaneous discharges with or without increase of membrane potential (of the order of 5 8 mV). The injection of a hyperpolarizing current induced reduction or complete blockade of firing together with increase of membrane potential. Mesencephalic stimulation performed during the anodal pulse did not change or slightly increased the amplitude of the pulse, indicating that the inhibitory mesencephalic effect was not due to IPSPs. Similar effects were found in cats with chronic spinal hemisection or chronic hemicerebellectomy The results suggest that the mesencephalic reticular inhibition on intralaminar thalamic neurones is due to removal of a background tonic facilitatory impingement on thalamic neurones,, i.e., to "disfacilitation". 5. A statistical comparison of the temporal pattern of focal interictal dischange induced in cats by three epileptogenic drugs.--F. Angeleri, S. Giaquinto, G. F, Marchesi, C. !. Cianchetti and V. Gallai (Perugia). Under light pentobarbital anaesthesia, epileptic foci were induced in the parietal associative area in 16 cats, using topical application of penicillin powder, strychnine sulphate {I '~/,,) and premarin (1 'Yo). Following the application of each drug, focal electrical activity was continuously recorded on paper and on magnetic tape until induced spikes were no longer seen. In the case of penicillin, however, only the period preceding the first seizure was studied, in order that the data related to this drug might be comparable to those obtained using strychnine and premarin. Two parameters were
SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS rneasured, using an IBM computer: (i) number of spikes during each 10 sec period, and (ii) duration of each interspike interval. Analysis of the data was made by the following statistical tests: serial array, frequency distribution, joint test, run test, 90th order correlogram. The statistical analysis showed that each of the three tested drugs produces a characteristic pattern of activity, significantly different from that produced by the other two agents. 6. Bilateral synchrony of epileptic discharge originating from chronic asymmetrical cortical foci. - - R. Mutani, L. Bergamini, R. Farieilo and G. Quattrocolo (Turin). Two asymmetrical foci were induced by intracortical injection of cobalt-alumina in the cat. After an initial period of asynchronous epileptic activity, a steady EEG pattern of time-locked discharges was seen until the cat was killed (2 4 months after surgery). In most cats bilaterally synchronous and symmetrical spike and wave or polyspike and wave discharges occurred, accompanied by massive myoclonic jerks. The degree of interhemispheric synchrony was 50100 msec. Splitting the corpus callosum disrupted bilateral synchrony which, however, was not affected by bilateral cortical-callosal isolation. This suggests that the callosal commissural pathways were essential for the maintenance of the functional interaction between the chronic asymmetrical loci responsible for the bilateral synchrony of the epileptic discharge. The role of the cortico-subcortical pathways and subcortical structures was not essential, Modifications of EMG activity in cat intestine during generalized and focal epileptic seizures. - - J. Gonella, E. Cherubini, D. Mancia and C. A. Tassinari (Marseilles, France, Parma and Rome ). Experiments have been carried out on 38 cats anaesthetized ~¢ith Fluothane and immobilized with Flaxedil. Simultaneous recordings have been made of the EEG, arterial pressure, ISCG and intestinal EMG, using a suction electrode. The a iln of this work was to study the changes of intestinal activity during various types of attack provoked with Cardiazol and electrical stimulation of the nuclei in the amygdala and the cortex. The nature of the modifications of intestinal contraction depend on the type of attack. In generalized attacks, however provoked, there is an increase in arterial pressure and abolition of the contractions in the post-ictal phase because of the inlerplay of sympathetic inteslineinhibitory and adrenaline secreting efferents. In local seizures induced by electrical stimulation of the amygdala, intestinal contractions appear or increase at the beginning of the after-discharge and sometimes also after the end of the after-discharge. This effect is abolished by section of the two vagi. In focal seizures induced by electrical stimulation of various zones of the cortex there is an appearance or increase of intestinal contractions at the time of the seizure onset. These effects are also abolished by section of the two rag1. In conclusion the results indicate that at least two types of epileptic seizure exist, different at the level of the vegetative manifestations they induce. (1) A generalized seizure that, however produced, activates massive sympathetic activity
ITALIAN EEG SOCIETY with parallel effects (inhibition of the intestinal mobility, hypertension etc.). (2) Focal seizure that induces mechanisms of parasympathetic type with effects prevelantly of intestinal excitation. 8. Morphoiog~ and temporal relationships of human epileptic potentials during physiological sleep. - - B. Cavazza, G. Rosadini and A. Siccardi (Genoa). Interactions between epilepsy and sleep have been studied by a computer technique designed to define the average morphology of epileptic spikes and to establish the temporal relationship between epileptic potentials simultaneously recorded from different leads. The EEG scalp records of 10 patients during wakefulness and different EEG phases of physiological sleep have been analysed with the following results: (1) There are epileptic prototypes represented with the same morphological characteristics in the waking state and in all sleep phases. There are, on the contrary, some other prototypes limited to a few conditions. As a consequence, sleep seems to interfere with the generation of the epileptic potential by modifying the discharge pattern of certain neuronal populations. (2) The time intervals between epileptic potentials simultaneously recorded from different leads may increase as well as decrease; the direction and the amount of such alteration may vary not only from subject to subject but also in the same subject. Sleep may interfere with transmission mechanisms of epileptic potentials. 9. The action of light on the facial spasm experimentally induced in photosensitive baboons.--E. Cherubini, E. Carlier and R. Naquet (Marseilles, France, and Rome). In 4 baboons (Papio papio) which were photosensitive to a greater or lesser degree, bilateral section of the facial nerve produced after about 2 months the appearance of a syndrome which resembled the post-paralytic facial spasm known in man. This spasm, which was clinically manifested by clonic jerks of the facial muscles, sometimes associated with eyeblinks, was elicited by various sensory stimuli, such as flashes of light, clicks and tapping of the forehead. The clonic jerks followed flashes at up to 5/see and were not accompanied by EEG changes. No responses were obtained to flashes at higher frequencies. When flash rates of 25/sec were used the clonic jerks reappeared, but on these occasions were accompanied by fronto-rolandic epileptic activity in the EEG. 10. Differential effects of cutaneous myelinated afferents on spinal reflexes in the decerebrate cat.--N. C. Accornero, G. L. Lenzi and M. Manfredi (Rome). The monosynaptic reflexes of extensor (gastrocnemius) and flexor (peroneus, PBST) muscles were recorded from ventral roots of decerebrate cats at different intervals (from 5 up to 1000 msec) after a conditioning stimulus of the sural nerve. Differential blockade of myelinated afferents and continuous monitoring of sural nerve afferent discharge allowed selective activation of beta, beta plus delta and only delta fibres of the cutaneous nerve. Extensor reflexes constantly
437 showed a powerful initial inhibition lasting 20 msec for the pure delta volley, followed by facilitation lasting 50 msec. Flexor reflexes were generally facilitated. A transient inhibitory phase coinciding with the peak of the ventral root discharge evoked by the sural volley was probably related to occlusive phenomena at the level oftbe flexor motoneurones. The recovery curves after pure beta as well as delta conditioning were similar, the main difference consisting of a delayed effect of the delta volley related to the slower conduction velocity of these fibres in the peripheral nerve. The combined action of beta plus delta conditioning simply showed a summation of effects between the two sets of fibres. 11. Postsynaptic responses induced in bulhe-pontine and mesencephalic reticular neurones by intralaminar thalamic and medial forehrain bundle stimulation. - - M. Margnelli, R. Spreafico, M. Mariotti and M. Mancia (Milan). In enc~phale isol~ curarized cats, low and high frequency stimulation of intralaminar thalamic nuclei (Mth) induced EPSPs in bulbo-pontine (BP) neurones with various latencies and with increased firing rate. EPSPs of shorter latencies and with stronger synaptic links were also induced in the same BP neurones by low and high frequency stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). Mth stimulation induced EPSPs of short latency in MES neurones. MES neurones were often antidromically activated by Mth stimulation. The latter neurones responded also to low and high frequency MFB stimulation with EPSPs with or without spikes of short latency and strong synaptic linkage. Similar effects were observed in BP and MES neurones after acute bilateral fronto-parietal decortication. The results indicate that on the same BP and MES neurones there is a convergence from the Mth and MFB. This result, together with the synaptic influences of MFB on the MES neurones antidromically activated by Mth, suggests the participation of a large percentage of brain-stem neurones in a more complex feed-back circuit whose input comes through the MFB from the limbic system. 12. Recovery curves of the H reflex in normal man after cutaneous stimulation of toes and their modification by voluntary contraction of foot extensor and flexor muscle~ - - E. Pierrot-Deseiiligny, B. Bussei, G. Sideri, H. P. Cathala and P. Castaigne (Paris, France, and Rome ). The effect of cutaneous stimulation of the 5th and 1st toe on the amplitude of the soleus H reflex has been studied in 12 normal volunteers. The recovery curves have been investigated at rest and during voluntary contraction of gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior of both sides. (1) The cutaneous stimulus delivered during muscular relaxation was followed by an inhibition of the ipsilateral H reflex, lasting from 50 to 70 msec, which was more evident after 5th toe stimulation. The contralateral reflex was instead facilitated after cutaneous stimulation. (2) During voluntary contraction of agonist or antagonist of both sides the inhibitory phase following 5th toe stimulation was significantly reduced; the effects of gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior contraction were similar. Voluntary contraction did not alter the recovery curves after
43N 1st toe stimulation. (3) These results could be explained by a differential effect of the pyramidal tract on the interneuronal chains activated by the cutaneous afferents. 13. The recovery cycle of blink reflexes and sensory discrimination of stimuli in man. - - C. Messina (Messina).
The present study contributes to a better understanding of both the functional organization of blink reflexes and the inhibitory mechanisms underlying habituation. The recovery cycle of blink reflexes has been tested by a double stimulus technique in 15 adult healthy subjects. The test stimulus was applied to the supraorbital nerve, The conditioning stimulus was applied to the same nerve, the contralateral supraorbital nerve, the ipsilateral infraorbital, medial or ulnar nerve. Sensations evoked by the stimuli were also recorded. When conditioning and test stimuli were applied to the same supraorbital nerve, the early response did not show any inhibitory phenomenon. In contrast, the late response was completely inhibited for 280 msec followed by a period of partial inhibition; it was not noticed by the subjects. These findings suggest that the site of inhibition is the ascending tract of the polysynaptic chain. Presynaptic inhibition at the level of the trigeminal afferent is ruled out because of the complete inhibition still observed when the conditioning stimulus is applied to the different nerves. During partial inhibition the perception of stimuli is not altered. This suggests that, at this time, the site of inhibition is in the descending tract of the polysynaptic chain. Since this partial inhibition is still present 2-3 sec after applying the stimulus, it can be surmised that it is responsible for habituation as it ,:an be induced by trains of stimuli at 0.2 - 0.4/see. 14. Responses evoked by vestibular stimulation recorded from the scalp in man. - - S. Mingrino and G. A. Molinari (Padua).
Galvanic stimulation of constant voltage, 10 msec duration, and from 1 to 6 mA intensity is applied to the auricular region. The responses are recorded from electrodes placed at the vertex and at the occipital region. The evoked response has a delay of 60-80 msec and consists of one or more series of biphasic waves with an amplitude from a few to 15 #V. The strict correlation of the response to the vestibular stimulation is demonstrated by the following facts: (1) The response is evoked only when vestibular function is preserved; in fact it is recorded in anacusic patients but is absent in vestibular areflexia. (2) The response persists after curarization. The evoked potential probably represents a vestibular non-specific response. 15. The "expectancy wave" (CNV) in normal children. - - M. Papini and R. Zappoli (Florence).
The characteristics o f the CNV in children of different ages have not yet been sufficiently identified. In the present study some of the features of the CNV have been investigated in 15 normal children ranging from 5.5 to 8 years. In all subjects examined, very ample CNVs (at times as much as 50 #V) were observed over the frontal areas and at the vertex, independent of the children's age, with a mean amplitude
SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS of 23 itV at the vertex. The w)ltages almost always appeared lower over the posterior areas. In the children from 5.5 to 7 years the CNV mostly showed a tent-like shape (slow ascending limb and descending limb with a general absence of plateau), while with the 8-year-olds the shape was like a boot (fairly rapid ascending limb, presence of a brief plateau. descending limb still fairly slow). Reaction times to $2, more especially in the younger children, were always long m comparison with normal adult subjects. Inconstancy and variability of the C N V , the presence of too many artefacts owing to restlessness of the subjects, were largely corrected by the projection of a slide following the operant response according to our previously described technique, with greater homogeneity of the CNV in the controls. 16. Electro-clinical study of a mesencephalic syndrome due to a bullet: neurnanatomical considerations. - - A. Bricolo, G. Turella and A. Bazzan (Verona).
This paper reports the main findings of a longitudinal clinical, electroencephalographic and radiological study in a child of 8 with a cranio-cerebral wound due to an air-gun bullet which penetrated the left temporal region and stopped against the right parietal bone, Prolonged rigidity due to decerebration, deep coma, transitory hemiballismus and a remarkable dyskinetic syndrome were the predominant symptoms of the first weeks. The EEG patterns resembled those of cerveau isol~. T h e activity at 11 12 c/see anteriorly, clustered in bursts lasting 3-4 sec. was unaffected by stimuli. in contrast to the sleep spindles recorded in the same patient during recovery. This raises some neurophysiological hypotheses: (I) The lessening of the desynchronizing influences from the impaired rostro-mesencephalic reticular formation induces, at cortical level, slowing of the spindling of thalamic origin. (2) The thalamic generator, freed from influence of the activating reticular formation, produces spindles of greater duration and slower in frequency. (3) The cortex, suffering in toto, because of metabolic impairment, is not able to achieve the frequencies at which it is physiologically driven from the thalamic generator. After a year this child, who was at first in deep coma. made a good recovery showing only dyskinesia. The neurological, radiographic and electroencephalographic findings are discussed in relation to the anatomy of the subthalamus and rostral brain-stem 17. The effects of a new benzodiazepine (Bromazepam) on the nocturnal sleep of subjects affected by compulsive-obsessive neurosis. - - R. Di Perri and M. Meduri (Messina).
Eight subjects affected by compulsive-obsessive neurosis have been treated with RO 5/3350, a new compound of the benzodiazepine series. The drug was given orally in doses of 24 mg per day. The effects of this drug on the EEG during wakefulness and during nocturnal sleep were observed by means of serial polygraphic controls taken for 3 consecutive nights before the onset of therapy and repeated 1 week and 2 weeks after therapy. Before therapy all subjects showed a normal EEG during wakefulness and during sleep there was a normal percentage of sleep time with the presence of all
ITALIAN EEG SOCIETY sleep stages, a good REM-NREM ratio and a normal number of sleep cycles. After therapy, no clear differences were observed in the waking EEG. An increase in stage I and II and a decrease in stage IV sleep were seen, while no statistically valid changes in the total sleep time, the REM stage and stage III were noted. The results are discussed and compared to similar findings obtained by other authors with the use of different benzodiazepines. The meaning of stage IV sleep is also discussed in relation to its decrease observed in a great variety of clinical syndromes. 18. A polygraphic analysis of nocturnal sleep in enuretic children. - - D. Gambi, F. Pinto and F. Vacchini (Rome).
29 polygraphic records of night sleep in 8 childeren with idiopathic enuresis have been made. These records (4 consecutive nights in 5 children and 3 nights in 3 cases) have been carried out with methods previously described by Gastaut and Broughton and were part of an interdisciplinary research program investigating psychodynamic problems of the personal and family history of children examined. The results can be summarized as follows: (1) Enuresis is a nocturnal non-epileptic event which appears in every sleep stage but more frequently in stages 2, 3 and 4, not always with coexisting transitory awakening. (2) In the same case nights with enuretic episodes show: (a) deep sleep stages and REM sleep more regularly scattered in cyclic organization; (b) REM stages appearing early in the night; (c) smaller amount of wakefulness and stage I; (d) larger amount of REM stage. All these findings seem to indicate that enuresis is an event able to determine a more harmonic organization of night sleep and facilitation of REM sleep. The relationship with REM stage recalls psychodynamic theories on enuresis. 19. EEG changes and facilitation of hysterical attacks during antiepileptic therapy. - - P. Rovetta (Bustu Arsizio).
The case of a woman with hysterical attacks in whom antiepileptic therapy was administered in error is described. The sodium dilantin and phenobarbital enhanced the number of hysterical attacks. At the same time there was slowing of the basic rhythm of the EEG together with transient high amplitude slow potentials. Primidone was administered after some weeks, without results. High doses of intravenous and oral diazepam induced fast rhythms in the EEG, but the frequency of the hysterical attacks was unaffected. After discontinuation of all drugs there was total remission of clinical events. At the same time there was a decrease in the slow transients of the EEG. The improvement was observed in a follow-up of 2.5 years. 20. Treatment of different kinds of infantile epilepsy by synthetic A C T H (Synacthen Depot®). - - F. Brambiila, M. Ginrdini and C. Lenti (Milan).
The authors illustrate the results obtained by the therapeutic use of synthetic ACTH in about 60 children suffering from different kinds of epilepsy, especially West syndrome and Lennox Gastaut syndrome, as well as cases of focal and
439 psychomotor epilepsy. In most cases the treatment lasted a long time, from a minimum of 3 months to a maximum of 2 years (therapy is still continuing in 3 children). Decreasing dosages have been used, down to 0.10 mg, and intervals between injections reached 6 days. The main humoral and clinical parameters have been controlled periodically, and in 22 cases periodic checks of urinary corticosteroids were done before and after administering the drug. The results allowed adjustment of the treatment, especially in relation to intervals between one administration and the next not exeeding 4--6 days. The drug proved effective particularly in West syndrome, secondly in psychomotor epilepsy and thirdly in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Also, in all children, the urinary 17-OH-corticoids before the administration of Synacthen Depot were found to be very low, and the effect of the drug on the adrenals, also found after treatment, lasted many years (possibly related to hypothalamic or diencephalic dysfunction). 21. Slow wave sleep deprivation in epileptics. - - P. Bergonzi, C. Chiurnlla and C. Cianchetti (Perugia).
Five patients with generalized epilepsy underwent selective deprivation during the fourth sleep stage. Two basic nocturnal records were taken in each patient, two with deprivation of stage IV and two during recovery. In each of these records the percentages of wakefulness and sleep stages were calculated, as well as the epileptic spikes per minute and the average duration of sleep cycles. The following observations were made: (1) slow sleep lost during the fourth stage must be recovered; (2) a REM stage rebound is observed during the nights when the patients are recovering from the lost fourth stage; (3) during the two recovery nights, a relative fourth stage rebound prevails in the first, whereas in the second a REM stage rebound can be observed; (4) during the nights of fourth stage deprivation the sleep shifts towards both the other slow stages (I and III) as well as the REM stage: [5) recovery of the fourth sleep stage replaces the second and third stages. It was noted that epileptic activity remained constant in all groups of nocturnal records, both before and after fourth stage deprivation, which leads us to believe that the desynchronized sleep stage is responsible for the activation of epileptic spikes after total deprivation of sleep. The sleep cycles were different during the control nights from the recovery nights; in the first case there was a tendency for the cycles to decrease in duration, starting with the first cycle and gradually proceeding to the following ones; in the second case, the opposite was observed. This may depend either on a greater persistence of slow sleep, even during the latter hours of the night, or on a longer duration of the REM stages. 22. Some remarks on 100 cases of Lennox syndrome. - - L. Cappella, G. Gatti and G. B. Cavazzuti (Modena).
A longitudinal study has been carried out on 100 patients, with particular reference to the onset and long term evolution of Lennox syndrome. 26 cases were regarded as idiopathic with normal neuropsychiatric development before the onset of the syndrome and 74 patients had secondary forms (13 cases with cerebral neonatal injury, 22 cases had suffered
44~) severe acute encephalopathies, 2 cases of tuberous sclerosis, 1 case of congenital toxoplasmosis, 20 cases had West syndrome and in 16 cases there was an unidentified cerebral pathology). The idiopathic forms began at different ages between 5 months and 10 years of age, but were mostly seen between 1 and 4 years; the secondary forms began between 6 months and 8 years of age but in general occurred between 2 and 3 years. The forms following West syndrome usually occurred after an interval of 1-6 months (this interval was generally related to ACTH therapy); the forms following severe encephalopathies (meningitis, encephalitis, HH syndrome) occured either during the encephalopathic illness or, more often, after an interval of 3--5 months. In more than half of our cases we also observed a pre-Lennox syndrome which was characterized by an incomplete symptomatology without slow spikes and waves and typical seizures, The syndrome became complete in a period of 6-12 months, but took longer if therapy had already been initiated. 27 patients were observed for a period varying between 7 and 17 years; 17 of them still suffer from the typical syndrome, in 7 the seizures have disappeared but EEG abnormalities and psychiatric problems are still present, and in the other 3 patients there has been good mental development although focal epileptic seizures occur. Therapy with ACTH, benzodiazepines and DPA had a different effect on some cases. 3 of the patients, who were idiopathic and had been treated early, became normal. 23. Contribution of electro-physiological techniques in the control of prolonged post-traumatic comas. - - D. Mancia, R. Vigouroux and R. Naqnet (Parma and Marseilles, France ). One hundred cases of prolonged coma had EEG studies immediately after the trauma, in the subsequent days and often for several years afterwards. The contribution of the EEG to the prognosis of life or death is compared with the evaluation of a functional prognosis, not only during the first few days after the trauma, but also on the twenty-first day and in the following years. Even though important data m relation to a life or death prognosis are obtained from the I~EG, the data for evaluation of a functional prognosis are, with few exceptions, deceptive. We have tried in some cases to see if recording of the circadian rhythm and visual potentials could give some information about residual cerebral damage. However, the information provided by these techniques considered separately is, with few exceptions, useless, probably because these methods are not yet fully developed. In spite of these findings, it is considered that all these three parameters (routine EEG, circadian cycle and visual potentials) often provide useful data in the period during which the clinical study of the patient is still difficult. 24. Reconstruction of compound action potential of oculomotor nerve of the cat (with a comparison between geometrical and arithmetical methods). - - N. Dagnino, M, Manfredi and G. Sideri (Genoa-Sestri and Rome). The fibre size distribution of peripheral nerves and central tracts has .been widely investigated and their compound action potentials successfully reconstructed. Similar data
SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS are still lacking for cranial nerves. During an investigation on the excitability of the motor neurones of the lllrd nucleus o1 the cat during sleep, we attempted to reconstruct the compound action potential of the oculomotor nerve and to identify the neuronal population responsible for the summated nerve potential evoked by stimulation o f its nucleus. Compound action potentials of the oculomotor nerve have been recorded in awake animals and enc~phale isolk cats: in addition, a monophasic "killed end" record was obtained in a nerve chamber after dissection of the intracranial tract of the nerve. The external diameter of the axons of this nerve (9,253 fibres, representing all fibre spectra) was measured on photographs of an osmic stained section magnified 1000 times, and plotted on a histogram. The reconstruction of the action potential was performed with the classical geometrical method of Gasser and Erlanger (1926) and with the recent arithmetical method of Landau, Clare and Bishop (1968). The results have been satisfactory in both cases, but the arithmetical method proved on the whole more adequate and practical since the complex geometry of the classical procedure is avoided. It was concluded that the compound action potential o f the Illrd nerve represents the activity of the oculomotor alpha motor neurones. 25. Focal spikes induced by blinking. - - C. A. Tassinari, B. Dalla Bernardina, G. Ambrosetto, M. R. PeraitaAdrados, L. Robaglia and J. Roger (Bologna and Marseilles, France). It is known that closing or opening of the eyes. looking at patterns can facilitate the appearance of epileptic discharges or seizures. Similarly, adequate proprioceptive stimulalion (tendon percussion, cutaneous stimulation) can provoke epileptic seizures or evoked potentials which can be recorded from the scalp. A case showing a phenomenon not previously described in the literature is presented. In this subject high voltage spikes, predominantly in the central regions, were provoked by blinking. The latency between the b[ink, recorded electromyographically from the orbicularis oculi, and the spikes was 50 reset, This phenomenon was not influenced by the presence or absence of light. The subiecl was a 12-year-old boy with severe amblyopia, a visual acuity of l~10, nystagmus and a marked optic atrophy. He suffered from severe anoxia with convulsions at birth, and subsequently developped an hypsarhythmic syndrome followed by "Petit Mal Variant'" (Lennox-Gastaut syndrome t. 26. Contribution to the EEG study of cerebral tumours in infancy. - - E. Scanabissi and G. Neri (Bologna). An electro-clinical examination has been carried out on 27 children with cerebral tumours, 16 of which were of the infratentorial type and 11 of the supratentorial type. After describing the clinical features of the two groups of patients, the authors underline the high incidence of EEG changes. In the patients with infratentorial tumours, posterior delta activity and bursts of slow frequency were the most frequent EEG abnormality. Abnormalities of a slow type, diffuse or local, were prevalant in supratentorial tumours. The bioelectric abnormalities of greatest diagnostic value were observed in a case of hemispheral tumour.
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SAGINAW, Mich. (CNA/EWTN News) — Bishop Joseph Cistone of Saginaw, Michigan has asked for prayers and some leeway in his schedule following a recent lung cancer diagnosis.
In a letter to his priests and diocesan leaders yesterday, Bishop Cistone said his diagnosis came after a series of tests, following a persistent cough and labored breathing which "persisted since September."
"Over the past two months, I have undergone a series of tests and have now learned that I have lung cancer," he said. "The good news is that, since I have never been a smoker, it is a form of lung cancer which is treatable and potentially curable."
Bishop Cistone is the sixth bishop of the Saginaw Diocese, and was appointed there in 2009 by Pope Benedict XVI. A native of Philadelphia, he was ordained a priest for the Archdiocese of Philadelphia in 1975, where he also served as auxiliary bishop from 2004-2009.
Due to a six-week treatment plan including chemotherapy and radiation, Cistone said that he may need to step aside from certain scheduled events, but that he planned to maintain his administrative responsibilities and involvement in pastoral concerns "to the best of my ability."
He also noted that parishes should not make changes regarding visits from the bishop unless they receive word directly from the bishop's office.
Cistone said that he was told by his doctors that he will experience relief of his symptoms within the first two weeks of his treatment plan, which is scheduled to be completed before Easter.
"With the grace of God, we will celebrate the Chrism Mass together with prayers of gratitude," he said. "In the meantime, I ask for your prayers and those of your people, as I assure you of my prayers for you and those entrusted to your care."
Help us keep you informed -- CatholicPhilly.com can't do it without youDuring CatholicPhilly.com's fall donation campaign, you have a way to help us deliver the kind of news you need to know about the Catholic Church, especially in the Philadelphia region, and the world in which we live. Every household's costs keep rising, and we're no different. We make sure your dollars in any amount go a long way toward continuing our mission to inform, form in the Catholic faith and inspire the thousands of readers who visit every month. Here is how you can help:
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24 Responses
Wishing Bishop Joseph Cistone good health. God bless.
Bishop Cistone,
From one Father Judge Crusader to another, Non Excidet! Wishes for a speedy recovery! Thoughts and prayers are with you!
Ed Smith
Bishop my prayers are for a full recovery. May the healing Jesus give you grace to manage through this time of your life. Stay strong in our Lord and Savior.
God is good.
God is great.
He will take care of His faithful servant.
I will pray for your cure, Bishop Cistone.

subset: commoncrawl


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A Finnish Breakfast will be served from 8-10 a.m. at Saima Park, 67 Scott Road, Fitchburg. The menu includes oven pancakes, bacon, sausage, fruit, juice, Finnish coffee bread, coffee and tea. The cost is $7 per person. For more information, visit www.saima-park.org.
Saima Crafters will meet from 10 a.m. to noon at Saima Park, 67 Scott Road, Fitchburg. Bring a craft to work on or to share. For more information, visit www.saimapark.org.
A Free Watercolor Group with Luann Hume meets each Sunday from 1-5 p.m. at the Leominster Art Center & Gallery, 45 Main St. (Route 12), Leominster. For more information, email email@example.com.
Dance2Swing with Doo Wop Deville will be held from 6:30-10:30 p.m. at the Leominster Elks, 134 North Main St., Leominster. A Beginner Group Swing Dance Lesson will be offered at 6:30 p.m., followed by the show at 7:30 p.m. Admission for the band is $14. For more information, call (978) 728-4533 or visit www.dance2swing.com.
The Leominster Public Library and the Leominster Senior Center will be closed today in observance of Memorial Day.
The Dr. Martin T. Feldman Children's Room at the Leominster Public Library will host a Preschool Story Time for 3- to 5-year-olds and their caregivers at 10 a.m.
An American Red Cross Blood Drive will be held from 1-6 p.m. at the Leominster Elks Lodge, 134 North Main St., Leominster. Eligible donors with all types are needed, especially those with O negative, A negative and B negative. To learn more about donating blood and to schedule an appointment, download the Red Cross Blood Donor App, visit redcrossblood.org or call (800) 733- 2767.
An Open Craft Circle with Brieana Woodward meets every Tuesday from 2-5 p.m. at the Leominster Art Center & Gallery, 45 Main St. (Route 12), Leominster. For more information, email email@example.com.
The HealthAlliance Hospital Smoking Cessation
Support Group meets every Tuesday from 6-8 p.m. in Conference Room 1 (next to the cafeteria) at the hospital's Leominster campus. It is a free program, but registration is required by calling (978) 466-2774.
Twin City Toastmasters meets every Tuesday at 7 p.m. at Leominster Credit Union, 20 Adams St., Leominster. Guests are always welcome. There is no fee for guests, and you may attend as many times as you wish. For more information, and to confirm the meeting location, please call VP of Membership Tina Burns at (978) 534-6468 or Club President Susan Sudhalter at (978) 868-6982 or visit www.twincitytoastmasters.com.
Join The Trustees of Reservations crew of staff and volunteers each Wednesday from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. at Doyle Community Park, 464 Abbott Ave., Leominster, to help with clean-up, painting, repairs and other projects. To register, please go to www.thetrustees.org/volunteer or contact The Trustees at (978) 840-4446, ext. 1921 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
The Dr. Martin T. Feldman Children's Room at the Leominster Public Library will host a story time for 2-year-olds at 10 a.m.
A Health/Wellness Fair will be held by the Leominster Housing Authority at its 161 Spruce St. location (LaPierre East) from 1-4 p.m. Participants include pharmacists with MassMedline, Family Footcare, Manor on the Hill, Gardner VNA, Community Health Connection, Associated Health Care, Life Choice Hospice, Navicare, Sterling Village and Rehab, and Walgreens. Dan will be available to teach simple CPR. Mini massages will be offered. Blood pressure and other screenings will be available. Ben Gold, the new Leominster Housing assistant executive director, will be introduced at 1:30 p.m. Healthy foods will be available. This event is open to the public, and ample parking is available. For more information, contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
A free First-time Homebuyers' Seminar will be held from 6-7:30 p.m. at Leominster Credit Union, 20 Adams St., Leominster. Registration is required. Please visit www.leominstercu.com/homes to register.
TOPS, or Take Off Pounds Sensibly, Chapter 236 meets every Thursday from 8:30 a.m. until 10 a.m. at the Leominster Senior Center. Weigh in is at 8:30 a.m., with a meeting that follows.
The Dr. Martin T. Feldman Children's Room at the Leominster Public Library will host a "Read to Your Bunny" story time at 10 a.m. The program is for 1- and 2-year-olds and their caregiver(s).
Bingo will be offered at the Leominster Knights of Columbus No. 406, 484 Lancaster St. (Route 117), Leominster. Doors open at 4 p.m. The $300 "Super Troll" Game starts at 6:25 p.m. Bingo starts at 6:30 p.m. and ends at 9:30-10 p.m. There will be weekly VIPs, bonus balls, five free admissions, pull tab tickets, a 50/50 bonus scratch ticket raffle and a snack bar. Prizes range from $50 to $777. For more information, call (978) 840- 6633.
The Friends of the Leominster Public Library will hold their weekly Book Sale from 6-8 p.m. at the library. Choose from a large selection of reasonably priced fiction and non-fiction, as well as children's and young adult materials. Find great deals on likenew and gently used books and DVDs for all ages. Proceeds from the book sale will support Friends-sponsored library programs.
A free "Film Night for Grown-Ups" will be held from 6:30-9 p.m. in the Leominster Public Library Community Room. "Still Alice" (rated PG-13) will be shown. This film is open to the public, and sponsored by The Friends of the Leominster Public Library.
The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) Connection Recovery Support Group meets from 7-8:30 p.m. at Messiah Lutheran Church, 750 Rindge Road, Fitchburg. The group is for persons with mental illness. For more information, call (508) 574-0603.
The Blessing of the Animals will be held at 1 p.m. at Pilgrim Congregational Church, UCC, 26 West St., Leominster (next to the library behind the church). The Rev. Keith Alderman will lead a service to bless our furry and feathered friends. All members of the community are welcome to this celebration. A light reception will be held in the parish hall immediately following the service. Prayers are provided, but owners are encouraged to bring treats and water. All pets must be leashed or in cages. For more information, please contact the church at firstname.lastname@example.com or (978) 534-5164.
"Men on a Mission," a one-act comedy by Arturri Leinonen, translated by Roy Helander and directed by Sally Cragin, will be staged at 2 p.m. at Saima Park, 67 Scott Road, Fitchburg. There will also be a film shown about composer Jean Sibelius, to celebrate his 150th anniversary year. Coffee and refreshments will be served. A $5 donation is requested. For more information, visit www.saima-park.org.


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I no longer say aloud, be patient what's the rush?
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My evolution of the word "VICE." As a child growing up, my father had a garage with a workbench with a vice similar to the
The sky above is also known and described as the heavens. The sky is filled with sights seen and unseen. The sky is the
"My First photo competition and A New Beginning"
Last fall I entered the above photo in The Beaches of Fort Myers and Sanibel photo contest, and my submission won! 🙂 On April 30th,
"Say Your Name"
Write about your first name: Are you named after someone or something? Are there any stories or associations attached to it? If you had the
"My Quirky Habits"
Which quirky habit annoys you the most and what quirky habit do you love for yourself or others. I have a quirky habit to clean
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Write about what you did last weekend as though you're a music critic reviewing a new album. This past weekend reading, writing, and the NFL
"Modern Families"
If one of your late ancestors were to come back from the dead and join you for dinner, what things about your family would this
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You're on a long flight, and a palm reader sitting next to you insist she reads your palm. You hesitate but, agree. What does she tell
"Pick Your Gadget"
Your local electronics store has just started selling time machines, anywhere doors, and invisibility helmets. You can only afford one. Which of these do you
"Pour Some Sugar on Me"
What is your favorite sweet thing to eat? Bread pudding? Chocolate chip oatmeal cookies? A smooth and creamy piece of cheesecake? Tell us about the
"Too Soon"
In response to The Daily Post's writing prompt: "Too Soon?." Can anything be funny, or are some things off limits? The term "Too Soon" is


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A Birthday Surprise Brings Homeless Man To Tears of Joy
When Albert, a homeless man living on the streets of Chicago, was given a care package by a good Samaritan he was quick to express his gratitude. The good Samaritan then learned it was Albert's birthday and made his birthday wish come true. Tears and embraces ensued.


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DAILY WEATHER REPORT (13.03.2018) FORECAST FOR 14.03.2018 The weather is expected to remain partly cloudy with the possibility of thundershowers over Ludhiana and its adjoining areas during the next 24 hours. The following observations were recorded today at the PAU Agromet Observatory: Minimum Temperature (0730 hr) 16.5 oC Maximum Temperature (1430 hr)32.2 oC Morning Relative Humidity (0730 hr) 66 % Evening Relative Humidity (1430hr) 29% Evaporation (Ending 0830 Today) 4.0 mm Rainfall (Ending 0830 Today) 0.0 mm Day Length 11 Hr 56 min


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Johannesburg - When Ernie Els and Wayne Westner won the World Cup of Golf in Cape Town back in 1996, it was one of South African sport's crowning moments.
It was part of a few golden years.
The Springboks won the 1995 Rugby World Cup and Bafana Bafana triumphed at the Africa Cup of Nations in 1996.
With Els having won the US Open in 1994 and 1997, things were rosy on the South African sporting front.
The 'Big Easy' took a little trip down memory lane in Johannesburg on Friday morning, remembering those four days at Erinvale Golf Club in Somerset West when he and Westner obliterated the rest of the field, finishing a massive 18 shots ahead of the USA.
"I was kind of a loose, laid back guy back in the 90s, especially when we won the World Cup," Els recalls.
"We were both a little bit tense and nervous on the first day and then that evening we had dinner and I had a couple of beers.
"Wayne relaxed a bit and then we were just on fire for the next three days. We were two different characters. He was quite an intense character and I was kind of laid back, but we gelled very well."
Westner died last week after committing suicide.
"He was a good friend of mine. He really tried to perfect the game of golf," said Els.
"At times he was unbelievable in the way he played ... not many people realise. He didn't quite reach those goals internationally, but he kept his European Tour card for a long time and played on the PGA Tour. It's a great loss."
Els took a break from his SA Open schedule on Friday morning to announce his involvement in the Zanzibar Amber Resort.
Els will be designing a golf course for the resort that is expected to be completed in 2022.
Els opened with a 2-over par, 74 in the first round of the SA Open at Glendower Golf Club and will need to 'go low' if he'd to make the cut for the weekend.
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Webtools is continuously building upon UCONX's design and functionality, ensuring that the solution is always up to date and meets our customers' requirements. While the solution can be adapted to meet each Retailer's unique requirements, Webtools also works actively to ensure that the UCONX solution is responsive to market-wide changes. The latest round of such changes to be delivered to the system are off the back of the regulatory changes announced by the ESC and affect retailers supplying electricity in Victoria. Effective 1 July 2019, Victorian retailers must provide customers with Clear Advice around annual bills and provide Best Offer communication.
UCONX caters for annual estimates for existing customers, integrating with customer databases and billing engines via API. For new customers, UCONX asks a series of questions to calculate an annual estimate which can then be compared against other offers to determine if the customer is on the retailer's best offer.
UCONX's built in calculator can be used to cater to Best Offer on Bill requirements. UCONX integrates with the Billing Engine to provide this data on the customer's bill. UCONX also caters to the DMO and VDO requirements where each offer can be compared against the default offer annual amount by state.


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Presents - Money Gift Ideas
Obviously Christmas is just around the corner, but there are more than just this celebration requiring some creativity for giving money as a present.
Obviously Christmas is just around the corner, but there are more than just this celebration requiring some creativity for giving money as a present.
At the Waldau in Stuttgart Degerloch you can find the Eiswelt Stuttgart.
Celebrating with an Advent wreath is a meaningful custom in many Christian traditions on the 4 Sundays before Christmas and an excellent way for Christian families to keep Christ at the...
From November 27th until December 23rd, 2019 Stuttgart city is presenting itself with glistening Christmas stalls with beautiful decorated roofs, sparkling lights and a wonderful atmosphere. More than 3.
Here are some insights what Germans do before Christmas - except for drinking Glühwein or Punch at the Christmas markets. . .
Finally - Sauna rules or what to bring to make your day.
Following our Blog Post Part #2 of this series – public saunas in Stuttgart area – here are more places to go to during the cold season.
Is there something better than a cosy evening or afternoon in a warm and comfortable place when it is raining outside? To go to one of Stuttgart's wellness areas is...
Autumn- time for Wellness- time to have a good time in one of Stuttgart's sauna worlds! When it is getting dark earlier and the temperatures are dropping, it is time for...
There are several Indoorplaygrounds in and around Stuttgart, which are ideal if the weather is bad and you NEEEED to get out before going crazy.


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Log in to Create a Case
via the link, https://account.interfolio.com/sso
- Click, Cases on the left side, under the section Review, Promotion and Tenure
- Click, Create Case (the words not the drop down arrow)
- Click, Select Unit and Click Confirm
- Scroll, Select the appropriate and specially designed template by clicking on the title (Do NOT use the Blank Case. If the wrong template was selected or if you have questions, contact: firstname.lastname@example.com )
Example: Select the template by clicking on the title
Next follow through the pages:
Case Information-
Enter the appropriate information in the fields:
Type: this should already be populated. If not, select the correct type. If uncertain, contact your office of faculty support.
Candidate's First and Last Name,
Candidate's Email - valid email address
Select Yes or No to the question - Will the candidate be involved in this evaluation? (NOTE: as stated this cannot be changed once submitted. Choose wisely; contact email@example.com for assistance.)
Yes, means the candidate will upload their own materials. If selected and the Continue button is clicked, the next page will be
Candidte Requirements:
This is the section for the candidate and all informaion and documents in this section can be seen by the candidate.
In this area, enter the Due date, the Candidate's Instructions (copy and paste a shorter version of the letter to candidate and upload a full version of the letter as a documnt in the candidate section)
Packet Requirments: this section lists the required documents (should match what's in the letter). Best to deselect the checkbox that allows the candidate to add their own sections to the packet. If needed, it can be set later.
No, means the candidate will not be involved with uploading their own materials. Instead all materials will need to be uploaded on the candidate's behalf by the department adminisrtator.
If no is selected and the Continue button is clicked, the next page will be Internal Case Sections. The case will by-pass the candidate requitments section; no candidate instruction, no due date. (Contact your faculty affairs office or OFAS if you need assistance.)
NOTE: This is part of the Candidate Packet area. As stated above this area - Any materials added to the candidate packet will be visible to the candidate and available for them to use in their current case. The candidate will be able to replace or delete any files in an unlocked section before they submit. (Contact your faculty affairs office if you need assistance.)
Skip the Case Data Forms and Click Continue.
Be aware if you exit out of this area prior to clicking Continue, a New Candidate case will appear in your list of Cases. To continue, click on the words New Candidate, then in the upper right, under Case Options, select Edit Case. Click #1- Case Information and begin entering the information.
Internal Case Sections -
The Committee Documents and External Evaluations sections already exist; just click Continue at the bottom.
Do not delete a section
Should another section be added, NOTE: Unlike the sections created in the Candidate area, sections in this area or those added, are not visible to the candidate. These sections are to help committee members or individual users organize the materials they add as part of the review. You can set up specific requirements for the reviewers of the case in the Case Review Steps.
Case Review Steps -
Case Review Steps are the workflow of a case. Who, what groups or committess need to review the candidate's packet of material? Who needs to see it first and then after them and then after them and so on. Every review step needs to have at least one committee and every committee needs to have at least one member.
- This section should aleady be set up and no big changes are needed since we use templates.
- Depending on your department or the case type, the steps that will need updates are: the Faculty Review, the Vote Results.
Case Summary -
This is your chance to view the whole setup of case at a glance. It separates the sections so to help identify the areas and easy access to make edit.
In the example below, this case said Yes, to the question - "Will the candidate be involved in this evaluation? " This is why there is the Candidate Requirments section (NOTE: any documents in this area will be seen by the candidate.) unlike the Internal Case Section (documents in this area will only be seen by the review commitees and administrators.) If you need assistance, contact your local faculty dean's office or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Girl GamesPuzzles»Misc Puzzles»
Factory Balls
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Bouncing Balls
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Dropping Christmas ornaments into a box is not as simple as it once was. You'll have to find the right path to bounce each of these into Santa's box.
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Pleasant Harbor and Maricopa Water District will host its annual Fourth of July Fireworks show on Friday, July 3, 2020. Located on the southeastern shores of Lake Pleasant, conveniently adjacent to the Phoenix Metro area. Festivities begin at 5:00 PM with fireworks at 9:00 PM with activities until 10:30PM.
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Panama City Beach real estate has been sought after for many years. After all, the area has enjoyed the status of being a major tourist attraction, filled with so much to do, all nestled in a beautiful area with great weather.Panama City Beach is located in the Florida Panhandle.Beach goers come to


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San Antonio – The 21st-ranked Tiger women's soccer team earned a 2-0 win over #19 Hardin-Simmons (TX) University in Sunday's NCAA Second Round Playoff game.
Trinity was limited to just two total shots in the opening period, while Hardin-Simmons was able to fire off 10 shots in the first 45 minutes. Both teams had one shot on goal, but the teams were locked in a scoreless tie at intermission.
The Cowgirls did hit a shot off the right post in the sixth minute, but neither team had an on-target shot in the final 20-plus minutes of the half.
Nyah Shepherd connected with Alex Walsh to break the tie with a goal at the 59:02 mark, putting Trinity in front 1-0 despite being out-shot 10-4 at the time.
The Tigers earned a corner kick for Shepherd a few seconds after the restart, and Kristen Canepa fired in a goal just 89 seconds after the first to make it a 2-0 game.
Trinity won the shooting battle 7-4 in the second half, and most importantly, put five of those shots on target. Hardin-Simmons was held to just one shot on goal in the second half of play.
The Tigers stand 17-3-1 after the victory, while Hardin-Simmons finishes its season with an overall record of 18-3-1.
Trinity advances to the NCAA Sectionals for the first time since 2016, which was the first season under the direction of Head Coach Dylan Harrison.
The Tigers also beat Hardin-Simmons in the NCAA Playoffs for the first time since 2011, having previously been eliminated by the Cowgirls in three of the last four postseasons. Trinity is now 5-7-2 against Hardin-Simmons in the playoffs.
Nyah Shepherd notched two assists in the game, bringing her team-leading total to 13 this season.
Kristen Canepa scored her fifth goal of the year to move into fourth on the team in goals scored on the year.
Alex Walsh produced her first goal of the season and her first game-winner. She is the 10th different Tiger player to score a game-winning goal and the 16th player to score any goal.
Trinity will face off against Messiah (PA) College in the Round of 16 next weekend at a site to be announced by the NCAA.


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Learning Semantically Meaningful and Actionable Representations with Ashutosh Saxena
In this episode I'm joined by Ashutosh Saxena, a veteran of Andrew Ng's Stanford Machine Learning Group, and co-founder and CEO of Caspar.ai.
Ashutosh and I discuss his RoboBrain project, a computational system that creates
semantically meaningful and actionable representations of the objects
actions and observations that a robot experiences in its environment, and allows these to be shared and queried by other robots to learn new actions. We also discuss his startup Caspar, which applies these principles to the challenge of creating smart homes.
External link: https://twimlai.com/twiml-talk-170-learning-semantically-meaningful-and-actionable-representations-with-ashutosh-saxena/


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Amber Desjardins, an outside member of the parking committee, made a statement on the speed at which the PPAC and DRI are moving. She also pointed out the difficulty that someone in a wheelchair, such as herself, would have on the sidewalks, especially those that aren't being kept up with.
PLATTSBURGH | The City of Plattsburgh's Common Council got together June 13 to make decisions regarding the latest updates by other committees, such as the Plattsburgh Parking Advisory Committee.
Toward the beginning of the meeting, the public was allowed to make comments to the council. One community member, who was invited to join the parking committee as an advocate, Amber Desjardins, approached the podium to state her disappointment in the direction the Plattsburgh Parking Advisory Committee (PPAC) and Downtown Revitalization Initiative (DRI) are taking.
"I joined to help my own Plattsburgh community become a better, more accessible and vibrant place," Desjardins said. "I have not really seen any of that. All I have seen is that where money is, things happen regardless of any public opinion."
Desjardins pointed out that the sidewalks the city plans to remove to replace with lots, or the sidewalks that are narrow and broken down, make everyday travel difficult to those with a wheelchair, like Desjardins herself.
"People in my position are going to have a very hard time getting around or avoid downtown as I already know many do," Desjardins said. "Crosswalks and sidewalks are dangerous. There are some I cannot even travel on, thus have to travel in the road ... I refuse to participate any further in public deception and hereby resign my position as a member of the parking committee."
Later on during the meeting, the council acknowledged the state of the sidewalks. According to the DRI, the sidewalks in Plattsburgh will be a minimum of 5 feet wide in compliance to the American Disability Act (ADA) when construction downtown is done. As for the Durkee Street lot, there will be no stairs or ramps, but instead, one large open lot, which makes it easier for those with wheelchairs or have trouble walking.
The recorded video of this meeting can be found on Youtube, and notes can be found on the City of Plattsburgh website. The next meeting will take place on Thursday, June 27, at 5:30 p.m., following a Public Safety Committee meeting at 4:30 p.m.


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William Jones
William sorved in the 14th Battalion of the Royal Welsh Fusiliers and died on the 26th August 1918, aged 19. He was the son of Mrs Mary Jane Davies of Bryn-y-Ffynnon, Pentre, Llangerniew.
He is Remembered with Honour in the Caterpillar Valley Cemetery, Longueval. Longueval is a village in France, in the Somme, approximately 13 kilometres east of Albert and 10 kilometres south of Bapaume. The cemetery rememebers 1773 identified casualties.


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I am excited to share that my poem, Self Isolation, has been accepted for publication at Brave and Reckless and Heretics, Lovers, & Madmen! Come on over and give it a read.
T is for Teacher
T is for Teacher . . .
A glittering gift? A knife to the heart?
In Company
Past trees spattered with gold, there is truth in reflection.
Inner Rainbow
A glass crystal dimples at the sun.
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Policy Priorities
Education, economic opportunity, and transportation are the key issues facing our region, and pushing for the right policies can help enhance our quality of life, drive economic development, and ensure a brighter future. Through years of work with local, state, and federal policymakers, Jennifer has the experience and relationships to move the 33rd district forward.
Meet Jennifer
A longtime Herndon resident, Jennifer Boysko has a history of bringing people together to get things done. As a legislator, she has worked on addressing problems like education funding, access to health care, and reforming the political process. From her work in the Senate supporting Paid Family and Medical Leave, expanding opportunities for economic success for everyone, getting important legislation passed like the Dignity Act and her work in the House of Delegates expanding access to broadband across Virginia to her local involvement in a number of community organizations, Jennifer has a history of collaboration and consensus-building to solve problems.
Follow Legislation
You can track the course of the bills and resolutions that I'm sponsoring and my votes by regularly visiting my profile page on the Virginia Legislative Information System. You can also see the bills and votes of all members of the General Assembly during the session. You may also track various committee meetings and other publications from the House and Senate.
Boysko Bulletin (4/1/2020)Wednesday, April 1, 2020
We are seeing the best in our community and I am so proud of everyone. Just here in our district, we have residents who are working to get donations of PPE on a large scale. We are seeing large research companies working with smaller laboratories to increase testing. Neighbors are holding evening porch time to build a sense of togetherness. Teachers are holding "parades" for students - caravanning through neighborhoods in their cars. We are also seeing communities of faith holding vigils for people around the globe. The members of our community care for others and are making a difference. Thank you for being a part of it!
Coronavirus Information and Resources (updated March 31, 2020)Tuesday, March 31, 2020I have gathered resources from businesses, nonprofit organizations, local and federal government agencies and others for staying well, what to do if ill, and how to handle the financial impacts of this public health emergency.
COVID-19 Update (3/25/2020)Wednesday, March 25, 2020
Several of you have contacted me to ask how you can be helpful to others in our community. In that spirit, the members of the General Assembly who represent parts of Fairfax County have joined efforts to make a combined $6,000 donation to our local food banks and we challenge you, our community members, to help match that donation.
Photo Galleries
Town Hall 12/17/19Tuesday, December 31, 2019
Senator Boysko at a Town Hall session in Herndon making commendations for outstanding members of our community.
Jennifer Boysko in 2018Sunday, October 28, 2018
A look at all the great work Delegate Boysko has been doing in 2018!


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Marble Surfaces and COVID-19
As the COVID-19 crisis unfolds throughout the US and worldwide, many homeowners have inquired if there is anything special they need to do to keep their marble surfaces safe to prevent the virus from spreading in their homes. This highly contagious virus essentially works the same way as other cold and flu germs. It is spread when somebody infected with the virus sneezes or coughs. The particulates from the infected person's lungs and nasal passages are released into the air and onto any surf...Read More
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Love Marble is one of the New York region's most reliable and trusted providers or marble repair, maintenance, and service. But did you know that we also install new marble as well? It's true. At Love Marble, we have installed marble flooring, wall coverings, countertops, and decorative features at some of the area's most prestigious homes, businesses, and public spaces. Clients throughout the New York and New Jersey area rely on the marble experts at Love Marble for all of their marble ...Read More
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The Magic of Marble
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Marble Adds Instant Value
A couple was in desperate need of a kitchen upgrade. But their home budget didn't allow for a fully rehab project. New cabinets, appliances, flooring, and fixtures were simply too pricey. So instead they chose to make one small change that instantly made their kitchen more beautiful, more useful, and more valuable. They invested in a marble countertop. Instant Utility It was a smart choice. Marble countertops not only dramatically improve the look of your kitchen, they also improv...Read More
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Marble Countertops Make Life Better
Do you hate your kitchen? Many homeowners do, especially if it's the original kitchen that came with their home when they bought it. Being unhappy with your kitchen can ruin the way you feel about your entire home. And when you don't like your home, it's hard to be happy with the rest of your life. So, really, to be happy in life all you really need are marble countertops. Marble Happiness Marble countertops are the one kitchen upgrade that can instantly improve the way you feel...Read More
Stains Can Dirty Your Reputation
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Repair Now, Save Later
The longer you wait to repair broken or cracked marble, granite, terrazzo tile, or other rock material, the more you can expect to pay. Conversely, the sooner you make repairs, the less expensive they tend to be. The problem with chips, cracks, and other damage is that it tends to worsen over time. In fact, a tiny crack can develop into a major problem in as little as a few days -- especially if it is located in a high traffic area. Fixing It Fast The problem is science. Once the m...Read More


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Italian police uncover online coronavirus fraud
ROME (Reuters) - Fraudsters have taken advantage of the coronavirus crisis to ramp up prices of hygiene products or try to sell inappropriate materials, wrongly claiming they would provide protection from the disease, police said on Wednesday.
Italy is battling the worst European outbreak of the virus which has so far killed more than 100 people here, mainly in the north of the country, and infected more than 3,000 people.
Police said they had placed under investigation 36 people who had tried to take advantage of the widespread anxiety by misselling products online. Some 14 of them, considered the worst offenders, risked up to two years in jail for fraud.
"A kit that included just two masks, two pairs of gloves and a PVC suit was sold for 400 euros ($445)," Giovanni Lupi, who led the investigation in Turin, told Reuters.
He said on other occasions people had advertised products, such as herbal supplements, promising without any evidence that they would offer protection against the disease.
Amongst those under investigation were auto parts dealers, farmers, door-to-door salesmen who people who had no prior sales experience.
Costs of hygiene products have risen steeply in Italy since the crisis first came to light on Feb 20., with pharmacies and stores rapidly selling out of masks and gels.
Police last month warned that some criminals were disguising themselves as health inspectors and using fake identity papers to gain access to people's houses to steal money or other valuables.
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WESTBROOK, Maine — Developers and city leaders in Westbrook are celebrating the construction of what is expected to be southern Maine's largest outdoor concert venue Tuesday.
With opening night less than a month away, developers and concert promoters are under pressure.
"We are right on track. We'll be finishing a couple days before, but we're ready," Levy said.
RELATED: Mixed-use development boom to transform Westbrook quarry
Waterfront Concerts, the founder of the highly successful Bangor waterfront, is moving its Maine State Pier operations to the new site after the City of Portland declined a 10-year contract.
The new venue, with a capacity of 8,200, will be significantly larger the Maine State Pier, but it will only have about half the the capacity of Darling's Waterfront Pavilion on the Bangor waterfront.
The Maine Savings Pavilion at Row Row project is part of a massive multi-million-dollar development of the former Pike Industries quarry on Main Street.
Rock Row will eventually be home to restaurants, shops, hotels, apartments, and office space across the 100-acre property, according to developers.
RELATED: Willie Nelson and the Outlaw Music Festival coming to Bangor
The first phase will include a 100,000-square-foot Market Basket supermarket and other smaller retailers in addition to the concert venue.
"This isn't just a traditional commercial project with a sea of asphalt that you just come to and leave," developer Josh Levy told NEWS CENTER Maine. "This is really an experience unlike anything other in the northeast."
The first concert at the new venue is scheduled for May 26.


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