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The Lateglacial/early Holocene sediments from the ancient lake at Hasseldala Port, southern Sweden provide an important archive for the environmental and climatic shifts at the end of the last ice age and the transition into the present Interglacial. The existing multi-proxy data set highlights the complex interplay of physical and ecological changes in response to climatic shifts and lake status changes. Yet, it remains unclear how microorganisms, such as Archaea, which do not leave microscopic features in the sedimentary record, were affected by these climatic shifts. Here we present the metagenomic data set of Hasseldala Port with a special focus on the abundance and biodiversity of Archaea. This allows reconstructing for the first time the temporal succession of major Archaea groups between 13.9 and 10.8 ka BP by using ancient environmental DNA metagenomics and fossil archaeal cell membrane lipids. We then evaluate to which extent these findings reflect physical changes of the lake system, due to changes in lake-water summer temperature and seasonal lake-ice cover. We show that variations in archaeal composition and diversity were related to a variety of factors (e.g., changes in lake water temperature, duration of lake ice cover, rapid sediment infilling), which influenced bottom water conditions and the sediment-water interface. Methanogenic Archaea dominated during the Allerod and Younger Dryas pollen zones, when the ancient lake was likely stratified and anoxic for large parts of the year. The increase in archaeal diversity at the Younger Dryas/Holocene transition is explained by sediment infilling and formation of a mire/peatbog.
Changes in the latitudinal position and strength of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies (SHW) are thought to be tightly coupled to important climate processes, such as cross-equatorial heat fluxes, Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the bipolar seesaw, Southern Ocean ventilation and atmospheric CO2 levels. However, many uncertainties regarding magnitude, direction, and causes and effects of past SHW shifts still exist due to lack of suitable sites and scarcity of information on SHW dynamics, especially from the last glacial. Here we present a detailed hydroclimate multiproxy record from a 36.4-18.6 kyr old lake sediment sequence on Nightingale Island (NI). It is strategically located at 37 degrees S in the central South Atlantic (SA) within the SHW belt and situated just north of the marine Subtropical Front (SF). This has enabled us to assess hydroclimate changes and their link to the regional climate development as well as to large-scale climate events in polar ice cores. The NI record exhibits a continuous impact of the SHW, recording shifts in both position and strength, and between 36 and 31 ka the westerlies show high latitudinal and strength-wise variability possibly linked to the bipolar seesaw. This was followed by 4 kyr of slightly falling tem-peratures, decreasing humidity and fairly southerly westerlies. After 27 ka temperatures decreased 3-4 degrees C, marking the largest hydroclimate change with drier conditions and a variable SHW position. We note that periods with more intense and southerly-positioned SHW seem to be related to periods of increased CO2 outgassing from the ocean, while changes in the cross-equatorial gradient during large northern temperature changes appear as the driving mechanism for the SHW shifts. Together with coeval shifts of the South Pacific westerlies, our results show that most of the Southern Hemisphere experienced simultaneous atmospheric circulation changes during the latter part of the last glacial. Finally we can conclude that multiproxy lake records from oceanic islands have the potential to record atmospheric variability coupled to large-scale climate shifts over vast oceanic areas.
The seafloor sediments of Spathi Bay, Milos Island, Greece, are part of the largest arsenic-CO2-rich shallow submarine hydrothermal ecosystem on Earth. Here, white and brown deposits cap chemically distinct sediments with varying hydrothermal influence. All sediments contain abundant genes for autotrophic carbon fixation used in the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) and reverse tricaboxylic acid (rTCA) cycles. Both forms of RuBisCO, together with ATP citrate lyase genes in the rTCA cycle, increase with distance from the active hydrothermal centres and decrease with sediment depth. Clustering of RuBisCO Form II with a highly prevalent Zetaproteobacteria 16S rRNA gene density infers that ironoxidizing bacteria contribute significantly to the sediment CBB cycle gene content. Three clusters form from different microbial guilds, each one encompassing one gene involved in CO2 fixation, aside from sulfate reduction. Our study suggests that the microbially mediated CBB cycle drives carbon fixation in the Spathi Bay sediments that are characterized by diffuse hydrothermal activity, high CO2, As emissions and chemically reduced fluids. This study highlights the breadth of conditions influencing the biogeochemistry in shallow CO2-rich hydrothermal systems and the importance of coupling highly specific process indicators to elucidate the complexity of carbon cycling in these ecosystems.
Kumphawapi, which is Thailand's largest natural freshwater lake, contains a >10,000-year-long climatic and environmental archive. New data sets (stratigraphy, chronology, hydrogen isotopes, plant macrofossil and charcoal records) for two sedimentary sequences are here combined with earlier multi-proxy studies to provide a comprehensive reconstruction of past climatic and environmental changes for Northeast Thailand. Gradually higher moisture availability due to a strengthening of the summer monsoon led to the formation of a large shallow lake in the Kumphawapi basin between >10,700 and c. 7000 cal. BP. The marked increase in moisture availability and lower evaporation between c. 7000 and 6400 cal. BP favoured the growth and expansion of vegetation in and around the shallow lake. The increase in biomass led to gradual overgrowing and infilling, to an apparent lake level lowering and to the development of a wetland. Multiple hiatuses are apparent in all investigated sequences between c. 6500 and 1400 cal. BP and are explained by periodic desiccation events of the wetland and erosion due to the subsequent lake level rise. The rise in lake level, which started c. 2000 cal. BP and reached shallower parts c. 1400 cal. BP, is attributed to an increase in effective moisture availability. The timing of hydroclimatic conditions during the past 2000 years cannot be resolved because of chronological limitations.
The stable isotope composition of water (delta O-18 and delta H-2) is an increasingly utilized tool to distinguish between different pools of water along the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) and thus provides information on how plants use water. Clear bottlenecks for the ubiquitous application of isotopic analysis across the SPAC are the relatively high-energy and specialized materials required to extract water from plant materials. Could simple and cost-effective do-it-yourself MacGyver methods be sufficient for extracting plant water for isotopic analysis? This study develops a suite of novel techniques for plant water extraction and compares them to a standard research-grade water extraction method. Our results show that low-tech methods using locally-sourced materials can indeed extract plant water consistently and comparably to what is done with other state-of-the-art methods. Further, our findings show that other factors play a larger role than water extraction methods in achieving the desired accuracy and precision of stable isotope composition: (1) appropriate transport, (2) fast sample processing and (3) efficient workflows. These results are methodologically promising for the rapid expansion of isotopic investigations, especially for citizen science and/or school projects or in remote areas, where improved SPAC understanding could help manage water resources to fulfill agricultural and other competing water needs.
Compound-specific radiocarbon (C-14) analyses allow studying the fate of individual biomarkers in ecosystems. In lakes with small catchments, terrestrial biomarkers have the potential to be used for the dating of sediments that lack the traditionally targeted terrestrial macrofossils, if the specific organic compounds are deposited soon after production. On the other hand, if the biomarkers have been stored for a significant amount of time in the soils of the catchment before transported to the lake, their age can be used to reconstruct changes in average residence time of organic material on land through time. Here we present a study based on compound-specific C-14 analysis of the sedimentary record of Lake Soppensee, Switzerland, targeting long-chain n-alkanes of exclusive terrigenous origin, and comparing them with sediment ages obtained by high-resolution macrofossil dating. Additionally, we measured C-14 ages of bulk organic matter and carbonate samples to assess the hard water effect. Prior to 3100 cal BP n-alkanes had about the same age as the sediment or they were slightly older, indicating that the vast majority of the terrestrial organic carbon transported to the lake had a short residence time on land. In the samples younger than 3100 cal BP an increasing offset is observed, indicating liberation of old buried soil organic matter that must have accumulated over the previous millennia. Our results indicate that as long as stable ecosystem conditions have prevailed, the distribution and isotopic composition of the n-alkanes can be used as environmental proxies in small catchments with limited surface runoff, confirming a few earlier studies.
Black carbon (BC) is the residue of incomplete biomass combustion. It is ubiquitous in nature and, due to its relative persistence, is an important factor in Earth's slow-cycling carbon pool. This resistant nature makes pure BC one of the most used materials for C-14 dating to elucidate its formation date or residence time in the environment. However, most BC samples cannot be physically separated from their matrices, precluding accurate C-14 values. Here we present a method for radiocarbon dating of the oxidation products of BC, benzene polycarboxylic acids, thereby circumventing interference from extraneous carbon. Individual compounds were isolated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and converted to CO2 via wet chemical oxidation for C-13 and C-14 isotope analysis. A detailed assessment was performed to identify and quantify sources of extraneous carbon contamination using two process standards with distinct isotopic signatures. The average blank was 1.6 +/- 0.7 mu g C and had an average radiocarbon content of 0.90 +/- 0.50 (FC)-C-14. We successfully analyzed the C-14 content of individual benzene polycarboxylic acids with a sample size as small as 20-30 mu g C after correcting for the presence of the average blank. The combination of delta C-13 and (FC)-C-14 analysis helps interpret the results and enables monitoring of extraneous carbon contribution in a fast and cost efficient way. Such a molecular approach to radiocarbon dating of BC residues enables the expansion of isotopic BC studies to samples that have either been too small or strongly affected by non-fire derived carbon.
Soil carbon (C) fluxes, soil respiration and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leaching were explored along the young Damma glacier forefield chronosequence (7-128 years) over a three-year period. To gain insight into the sources of soil CO2 effluxes, radiocarbon signatures of respired CO2 were measured and a vegetation-clipping experiment was performed. Our results showed a clear increase in soil CO2 effluxes with increasing site age from 9 +/- A 1 to 160 +/- A 67 g CO2-C m(-2) year(-1), which was linked to soil C accumulation and development of vegetation cover. Seasonal variations of soil respiration were mainly driven by temperature; between 62 and 70 % of annual CO2 effluxes were respired during the 4-month long summer season. Sources of soil CO2 effluxes changed along the glacier forefield. For most recently deglaciated sites, radiocarbon-based age estimates indicated ancient C to be the dominant source of soil-respired CO2. At intermediate site age (58-78 years), the contribution of new plant-fixed C via rhizosphere respiration amounted up to 90 %, while with further soil formation, heterotrophically respired C probably from accumulated 'older' soil organic carbon (SOC) became increasingly important. In comparison with soil respiration, DOC leaching at 10 cm depth was small, but increased similarly from 0.4 +/- A 0.02 to 7.4 +/- A 1.6 g DOC m(-2) year(-1) over the chronosequence. A strong rise of the ratio of SOC to secondary iron and aluminium oxides strongly suggests that increasing DOC leaching with site age results from a faster increase of the DOC source, SOC, than of the DOC sink, reactive mineral surfaces. Overall, C losses from soil by soil respiration and DOC leaching increased from 9 +/- A 1 to 70 +/- A 17 and further to 168 +/- A 68 g C m(-2) year(-1) at the < 10, 58-78, and 110-128 year old sites. By comparison, total ecosystem C stocks increased from 0.2 to 1.1 and to 3.1 kg C m(-2) from the young to intermediate and old sites. Therefore, the ecosystem evolved from a dominance of C accumulation in the initial phase to a high throughput system. We suggest that the relatively strong increase in soil C stocks compared to C fluxes is a characteristic feature of initial soil formation on freshly exposed rocks.
The character and impact of climate change since the last glacial maximum (LGM) in the eastern Mediterranean region remain poorly understood. Here, two new diatom records from the Ioannina basin in northwest Greece are presented alongside a pre-existing record and used to infer past changes in lake level, a proxy for the balance between precipitation and evaporation. Comparison of the three records indicates that lake-level fluctuations were the dominant driver of diatom assemblage composition change, whereas productivity variations had a secondary role. The reconstruction indicates low lake levels during the LGM. Late glacial lake deepening was underway by 15.0 cal kyr BP, implying that the climate was becoming wetter. During the Younger Dryas stadial, a lake-level decline is recorded, indicating arid climatic conditions. Lake Ioannina deepened rapidly in the early Holocene, but long-term lake-level decline commenced around 7.0 cal kyr BP. The pattern of lake-level change is broadly consistent with an existing lake-level reconstruction at Lake Xinias, central Greece. The timing of the apparent change, however, is different, with delayed early Holocene deepening at Xinias. This offset is attributed to uncertainties in the age models, and the position of Xinias in the rain shadow of the Pindus Mountains.
Understanding past hydroclimate variability and related drivers is essential to improve climate forecasting capabilities especially in areas with high climatic sensitivity, such as the Mediterranean. This can be achieved by using a broad spectrum of high resolution, multiple proxy records which can also allow us to assess linkages between regional hydroclimate variability and shifts in the large-scale atmospheric patterns. Here, we present a multiproxy reconstruction of the central-eastern Mediterranean hydro climate changes over the last 3600 years based on a sediment core from the Gialova Lagoon, a shallow coastal ecosystem in SW Peloponnese, Greece. Our combined dataset consists of the distribution and compound-specific carbon and hydrogen isotope (delta C-13 and 8D) composition of n-alkanes, bulk organic matter properties and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning data. This approach was complemented with a semi-quantitative analysis of plant remains in the core. The results indicate a high contribution of local aquatic vegetation to organic matter. Large delta C-13 variations in predominantly aquatic plant-derived mid-chain alkanes (C23-23) mainly reflect changes in the aquatic plant abundance and their carbon source. Our data suggest that higher delta C-13(23-25) values (up to 19 parts per thousand) largely correspond to expansion of aquatic vegetation during wet and/or cold periods causing carbon-limiting conditions in the water and assimilation of isotopically-enriched bicarbonate by the plants. The 8D records of the individual n-alkanes (C-17 to C-31) exhibit a nearly identical pattern to each other, which implies that they all reflect changes in the source water isotope composition, driven by hydroclimate variability. In addition, the 8D profiles are consistent with the XRF data with both proxies being driven by a common hydroclimate signal. We observe two major shifts from dry and/or warm periods at ca 3600-3000 cal BP and ca 17001300 cal BP to wet and/or cold episodes at ca 3000-2700 cal BP and ca 1300-900 cal BP. The period ca 700-200 cal BP is the wettest and/or coldest in our record and coeval with the Little Ice Age. The climatic fluctuation reported in this study can be explained by the relative dominance of high-latitude (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation during winters) and the low-latitude atmospheric patterns (Intertropical convergence zone, Subtropical High and the effects of Asian monsoons during summers) which suggests an Atlantic-Mediterranean-Monsoon climate link in this area for the late Holocene.
This research aims to improve the knowledge of the mid to late Holocene climate changes and the underlying drivers in the eastern Mediterranean. We focus on the Peloponnese peninsula, SW Greece, characterized by a W-E rainfall/temperature gradient and a strong climate-sensitivity to shifts in the large-scale atmospheric patterns. A radiocarbon-dated sediment core, taken from the ancient Lake Lerna, a former lake in NE Peloponnese, was analyzed for distribution and hydrogen isotope (δD) composition of n-alkanes and bulk organic geochemistry (δ13C, TOC). The predominantly macrophyte (submerged/floating)-derived δD23 profile exhibits the largest long-term fluctuation in the record and co-varies with δD of long-chain n-alkanes providing evidence for precipitation and temperature changes over the last 5000 years. The Lerna δD23 signal is sometimes in agreement with other n-alkane δD records from SW Peloponnese indicating wetter conditions in the peninsula at ca 5000–4600, ca 4500–4100, ca 3000–2600 (more unstable in SW) and after ca 700 cal BP with drier periods at ca 4100–3900 and ca 1000–700 cal BP. Conversely, a NE-SW climate see-saw is revealed at ca 4600–4500, ca 3200, ca 2600–1800, and ca 1200–1000 cal BP when the δD23 Lerna exhibits more positive trends (drier in NE) with a reversal at ca 3900–3300, ca 3200–3000 and ca 1800–1300 cal BP. These opposing and sometimes similar signals between NE and SW Peloponnese can be explained by the relative dominance of high-latitude atmospheric patterns over the peninsula. A similar signal would be expected when the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) exerts the main control with NAO (+) creating conditions of reduced moisture. The dipole pattern is likely driven by shifts in North Sea–Caspian Atmospheric pattern (NCP), which account for the present-day regional climate variability with NCP (+) leading to wetter and colder conditions in NE Peloponnese. The Asian monsoonal system likely has an additional impact on the δD variabilities through influencing the summer temperatures. There is a consistency between the Peloponnesian δD signals and monsoonal records after ca 4000 cal BP confirming the actualistic models. Strong monsoonal periods coincide with cooler summers (lower δD values) in Lerna, due to the northerly winds, the Etesians. On the contrary, SW Peloponnese is dominated by warmer conditions during the same periods as the area is located on the lee side of the mountain and highly influenced by the adiabatic warming associated with the subsidence over the Eastern Mediterranean.
The exact biological source of the C20 highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) present in sediments from aquatic systems is unclear. We therefore examined the relationship between the distribution of fossil diatoms and the concentration of the C20 HBI in a Late Glacial sedimentary record from the Hässeldala Port paleolake in southern Sweden. Using Bayesian multiple linear regression analysis, we show that its concentration is linked primarily to the production of the diatom taxon Gomphonema acuminatum, which accounts for the largest proportion of the temporal variability in the biomarker. By analogy with modern observations, we argue that an increasing amount of G. acuminatum biomass in our sedimentary record reflects increasing oligotrophy in the paleolake during the summer growing season, especially at times defined by subdued hydrologic flow. Our conclusions are corroborated by the δ13C composition of the C20 HBI biomarker, which points to a negative photosynthetic fractionation between atmospheric CO2 and the pool of dissolved inorganic carbon during diatom bloom, a distinct phenomenon at times of inhibited hydrological flow. Accordingly, we suggest that the C20 HBI biomarker can be effectively used to reconstruct the trophic state of the paleolake at Hässeldala Port, while its stable isotope composition can provide physicochemical information about the lake conditions during the dry summer season.
Moreover, we note that the major hydrological shifts recorded in the G. acuminatum-C20 HBI stratigraphy do not coincide with the pollen zone boundaries. We thus infer that aquatic and terrestrial environmental responses to climate change are substantially decoupled through the hydrological system, which highlights the necessity for multi-proxy investigations to decipher past climate events.
Sources and timing of freshwater forcing relative to hydroclimate shifts recorded in Greenland ice cores at the onset of Younger Dryas, similar to 12,800 years ago, remain speculative. Here we show that progressive Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (FIS) melting 13,100-12,880 years ago generates a hydroclimate dipole with drier-colder conditions in Northern Europe and wetter-warmer conditions in Greenland. FIS melting culminates 12,880 years ago synchronously with the start of Greenland Stadial 1 and a large-scale hydroclimate transition lasting similar to 180 years. Transient climate model simulations forced with FIS freshwater reproduce the initial hydroclimate dipole through sea-ice feedbacks in the Nordic Seas. The transition is attributed to the export of excess sea ice to the subpolar North Atlantic and a subsequent southward shift of the westerly winds. We suggest that North Atlantic hydroclimate sensitivity to FIS freshwater can explain the pace and sign of shifts recorded in Greenland at the climate transition into the Younger Dryas.
We present a 6000-year-long record tracing hydroclimate changes in SW Greece, based on hydrogen isotope composition of aquatic plant-derived n-C-23 alkanes (D-C23) in a sediment core from the Messenian plain, Peloponnese. The D-C23 record co-varies with other eastern Mediterranean records, suggesting relatively wetter conditions c. 6-4.5ka, followed by progressively drier conditions leading up to maximum aridity c. 2.8 ka. This arid phase was interrupted by a shift in D-C23 between 3.3 and 3.1ka inferring wetter conditions and/or tentative responses to anthropogenic water regulating activities during the Late Bronze Age. After 2.7ka, a return to more humid conditions was followed by increased dryness and stronger seasonality contrasts from c. 2.0ka. The D-C23 record shows three short-lived excursions (5.7, 5.3, 2.8ka), where isotope values dropped by >20 parts per thousand and immediately stabilized again. The events were paralleled by abrupt increases in sedimentation rates. We hypothesize that the isotopic shifts represent a response to mixing of ground water systems during tectonic events, followed by sealing of seismically derived cracks in the active fault. The outcome of the study is promising for future expansion of isotope-based proxies on sediments in the region, to reconstruct both hydroclimate and past seismic activity.
The increasing utilization of n-alkanes as plant-derived paleo-environmental proxies calls for improved chemotaxonomic control of the modern flora in order to calibrate fossil sediment records to modern analogues. Several recent studies have investigated long-chain n-alkane concentrations and chain-length distributions in species from various vegetation biomes, but up to date, the Mediterranean flora is relatively unexplored in this respect. Here, we analyse the n-alkane concentrations and chain-length distributions in some of the most common species of the modern macchia and phrygana vegetation in south western Peloponnese, Greece. We show that the drought adapted phrygana herbs and shrubs, as well as some of the sclerophyll and gymnosperm macchia components, produce high concentrations of n-alkanes, on average more than double n-alkane production in local wetland reed vegetation. Furthermore, the chain-length distribution in the analysed plants is related to plant functionality, with longer chain lengths associated with higher drought adaptive capacities, probably as a response to long-term evolutionary processes in a moisture limited environment. Furthermore, species with relatively higher average chain lengths (ACL) showed more enriched carbon isotope composition in their tissues (delta C-13(plant)), suggesting a dual imprint from both physiological and biochemical drought adaptation. The findings have bearings on interpretation of fossil sedimentary biomarker records in the Mediterranean region, which is discussed in relation to a case study from Agios Floros fen, Messenian plain, Peloponnese. The 6000 year long n-alkane record from Agios Floros (ACL, delta C-13(wax)) is linked to the modern analogue and then evaluated through a comparison with other regional-wide as well as local climate and vegetation proxy-data. The high concentration of long chain n-alkanes in phrygana vegetation suggests a dominating imprint from this vegetation type in sedimentary archives from this ecotone.
Abstract A multi-proxy study of a sediment sequence from Braamhoek wetland, covering the last c. 16,000 years, reveals a record of regional climate and vegetation dynamics in the Drakensberg region, South Africa, including signals from both the organic sediment fraction (fossil pollen, charcoal, n-alkane abundance, n-alkane δ13C, TOC) and the inorganic fraction (mineral magnetic properties). The reconstruction, supported by a robust chronology, indicates two major periods of increased regional wetness during the late Pleistocene to early Holocene phase (c. 13,800–12,600 cal yr BP; c. 10,200–8500 cal yr BP) and one during the late Holocene (c. 2000 cal yr BP to present). Drier conditions are recorded during the Younger Dryas (c. 12,600–11,300 cal yr BP) and mid-Holocene (c. 7000–2000 cal yr BP). A major decline in fynbos vegetation during the early Holocene suggests a shift towards warmer temperatures and possibly towards less pronounced winter rains in eastern South Africa from c. 8500 cal yr BP. Comparison with records from interior of South Africa show relatively high inter-site variability, however, the Braamhoek moisture proxies do co-vary with the speleothem isotope records from Makapansgat, suggesting a similar hydro-climate evolution in eastern and interior parts of the summer rainfall region during the studied period. On multi-millennial time scales, an inverse hydro-climatological pattern is evident between these two South African records and reconstructions from tropical locations in southeast Africa. Such a rainfall dipole between eastern tropical and southern Africa, has previously been identified on shorter time scales, i.e. on inter-annual to millennial scales. The Braamhoek study suggests that a similar dipole pattern is acting also on a multi-millennial perspective. These long-term precipitation anomalies are tentatively coupled to teleconnections from multi-millennial changes in the dynamics of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
A sediment sequence from a coastal, hydrologically isolated lake in southern Mozambique was analysed for leaf wax delta D, n-alkane abundance (ACL) and bulk organic geochemistry (delta C-13, TOC, %N), providing a record of past rainfall variability and savanna dynamics over the last 1500 years. The delta D-wax a rainfall reconstruction reveals a stable hydroclimate between 500-700 CE, while ACL and delta C-13 together with previous pollen data suggest savanna vegetation was characterized by a relatively dense woody cover. Highly variable hydroclimate conditions are inferred by delta D-wax between 800-1350 CE, with repeated centennial scale intervals of extreme dry and wet conditions overlapping the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; 950-1250 CE). Savanna tree cover stayed relatively intact over this phase. After ca 1250 CE, a progressive change towards drier conditions was initiated, leading up to maximum aridity during the AD 1700s, a period associated with the Little Ice age (LIA; 1500-1850 CE). Tree cover was now replaced by a more grass-dominated savanna. The clear antiphase rainfall patterns between Nhaucati and equatorial East African proxy records gives support to the notion that Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) gradients act as modulator of southern African climate on a multi-decadal time scale, possibly forced by long-term El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. We suggest that strong ENSO variability and greater occurrence of La Nina events triggered the generally wet and unstable MCA in southern Africa. From around 1250 CE, a shift towards a predominance of El Nino induced drier conditions in south-east Africa during the LIA. Our study of vegetation and hydroclimate proxies in parallel suggests that savanna tree and shrub cover was relatively resilient to the abrupt shifts in hydroclimate over the MCA, but more sensitive to the long-term progressive drying over the LIA.
Two commonly used proxies based on the distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are the TEX86 (TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms) paleothermometer for sea surface temperature reconstructions and the BIT (Branched Isoprenoid Tetraether) index for reconstructing soil organic matter input to the ocean. An initial round-robin study of two sediment extracts, in which 15 laboratories participated, showed relatively consistent TEX86 values (reproducibility +/- 3-4 degrees C when translated to temperature) but a large spread in BIT measurements (reproducibility +/- 0.41 on a scale of 0-1). Here we report results of a second round-robin study with 35 laboratories in which three sediments, one sediment extract, and two mixtures of pure, isolated GDGTs were analyzed. The results for TEX86 and BIT index showed improvement compared to the previous round-robin study. The reproducibility, indicating interlaboratory variation, of TEX86 values ranged from 1.3 to 3.0 degrees C when translated to temperature. These results are similar to those of other temperature proxies used in paleoceanography. Comparison of the results obtained from one of the three sediments showed that TEX86 and BIT indices are not significantly affected by interlaboratory differences in sediment extraction techniques. BIT values of the sediments and extracts were at the extremes of the index with values close to 0 or 1, and showed good reproducibility (ranging from 0.013 to 0.042). However, the measured BIT values for the two GDGT mixtures, with known molar ratios of crenarchaeol and branched GDGTs, had intermediate BIT values and showed poor reproducibility and a large overestimation of the true (i.e., molar-based) BIT index. The latter is likely due to, among other factors, the higher mass spectrometric response of branched GDGTs compared to crenarchaeol, which also varies among mass spectrometers. Correction for this different mass spectrometric response showed a considerable improvement in the reproducibility of BIT index measurements among laboratories, as well as a substantially improved estimation of molar-based BIT values. This suggests that standard mixtures should be used in order to obtain consistent, and molar-based, BIT values.
Genesis of soil organic matter (SOM) during pedogenesis is still a matter of controversy in soil science. Recently, it was hypothesized that microbial cell-envelope fragments contribute significantly to SOM formation. We tested the relevance of this process during pedogenesis by evaluating the development of SOM along a chronosequence of a glacier forefield (Damma glacier). Samples of increasing soil age collected along the forefield were analyzed for C and N contents, phospholipid and total fatty acids (PLFA and tFA), water contact angle, micro-hydrophobicity and surface coverage by microbial cell-envelope residues. The surface coverage was visualized and quantified by analysis of representative, equally-scaled scanning electron micrographs (SEM). Increasing SOM contents were accompanied by increasing coverage and overall abundance of microbial cell-envelope fragments as evaluated on the basis of scanning electron microscopy; this is also reflected in the amounts of tFA and PLFA, the trend of C/N ratios, and the increasing hydrophobicity and water contact angles of the soil samples. Using SEM and the image analysis approach, we can provide a process-based description of the development of SOM in the newly developing ecosystem of the glacier forefield. The majority of small-sized SOM visible with scanning electron microscopy appears to consist of bacterial cell envelope fragments that remain stable after cell death, such that their shape does not change with soil age. Our results show the importance of microbial processing of SOM, and highlight the existence of microbial necromass as a significant part of the fine-particulate SOM even in later stages of soil development.
The dominant initial phase formed during microbially mediated manganese oxidation is a poorly crystalline birnessite-type phyllomanganate. The occurrence of manganese deposits containing this mineral is of interest for increased understanding of microbial involvement in the manganese cycle. A culture independent molecular approach is used as a first step to investigate the role of microorganisms in forming rare earth element enriched birnessite-type manganese oxides, associated with water bearing rock fractures in a tunnel of the Ytterby mine, Sweden. 16S rRNA gene results show that the chemotrophic bacterial communities are diverse and include a high percentage of uncultured unclassified bacteria while archaeal diversity is low with Thaumarchaeota almost exclusively dominating the population. Ytterby clones are frequently most similar to clones isolated from subsurface environments, low temperature milieus and/or settings rich in metals. Overall, bacteria are dominant compared to archaea. Both bacterial and archaeal abundances are up to four orders of magnitude higher in manganese samples than in fracture water. Potential players in the manganese cycling are mainly found within the ferromanganese genera Hyphomicrobium and Pedomicrobium, and a group of Bacteroidetes sequences that cluster within an uncultured novel genus most closely related to the Terrimonas. This study strongly suggest that the production of the YBS deposit is microbially mediated.
An International Workshop on Small-Scale Radiocarbon Analysis; Zurich, Switzerland, 13–16 September 2011 Besides being an important dating tool, radiocarbon (14C) analysis is also used increasingly in carbon cycle studies and environmental sciences. New developments in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and sample introduction methods have allowed the downscaling of required sample sizes to a few micrograms of pure carbon. Modern techniques also make it possible to separate individual organic compounds for radiocarbon measurement, which allows targeting very specific sources of carbon out of mixed and complex matrices. These developments have created new opportunities for the use of 14C in scientific fields where its application had previously been limited by sample size. However, this has also presented new challenges with respect to sample preparation and assessment of uncertainties caused by contamination and instrumental background
We performed a detailed study on the carbon build-up over the 140-year-long chronosequence of the Damma glacier forefield, Switzerland, to gain insights into the organic carbon dynamics during the initial stage of soil formation and ecosystem development. We determined soil carbon and nitrogen contents and their stable isotopic compositions, as well as molecular-level composition of the bulk soils, and recalcitrance parameters of carbon in different fractions. The chronosequence was divided into three age groups, separated by small end moraines that resulted from two glacier re-advances. The net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) showed an exponential increase over the last decades, with mean annual values that range from 100gCm-2yr-1 in the youngest part to over 300gCm-2yr-1 in a 6080years old part. However, over the entire 140-year chronosequence, the NECB is only 20gCm-2yr-1, similar to results of other glacier forefield studies. The difference between the short- and long-term NECB appears to be caused by reductions in ecosystem carbon (EC) accumulation during periods with a colder climate. We propose that two complementary mechanisms have been responsible: 1) Reductions in net primary productivity down to 50% below the long-term mean, which we estimated using reconstructed effective temperature sums. 2) Disturbance of sites near the terminus of the re-advanced glacier front. Stabilization of soil organic matter appeared to play only a minor role in the coarse-grained forefield. We conclude that the forefield ecosystem, especially primary productivity, reacts rapidly to climate changes. The EC gained at warm periods is easily lost again in a cooling climate. Our conclusions may also be valid for other high mountain ecosystems and possibly arctic ecosystems.
Recent hypotheses, based on atmospheric records and models, suggest that permafrost carbon (PF-C) accumulated during the last glaciation may have been an important source for the atmospheric CO2 rise during post-glacial warming. However, direct physical indications for such PF-C release have so far been absent. Here we use the Laptev Sea (Arctic Ocean) as an archive to investigate PF-C destabilization during the last glacial–interglacial period. Our results show evidence for massive supply of PF-C from Siberian soils as a result of severe active layer deepening in response to the warming. Thawing of PF-C must also have brought about an enhanced organic matter respiration and, thus, these findings suggest that PF-C may indeed have been an important source of CO2 across the extensive permafrost domain. The results challenge current paradigms on the post-glacial CO2 rise and, at the same time, serve as a harbinger for possible consequences of the present-day warming of PF-C soils.
Estuarine sediments provide a valuable record of changing environmental conditions over time, although deciphering this record can be confounded by dramatic changes in sediment deposition and resuspension, and the effects of bioturbation and microbial degradation. Lipid biomarkers are commonly abundant in estuarine sediments and can provide valuable information on the sources of organic matter and how it is degraded and recycled. Terrestrial organic matter usually predominates and it is mostly derived from transport and deposition of soil-derived material. Biomarkers for this soil-derived organic material include long-chain n-alkanes, n-alkanols, n-alkan-2-ones, triterpenoids and constituents of cutin and suberin including fatty acids, omega-hydroxy fatty acids and alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acids (originally present as esters), and cell wall constituents including sterols and triterpenoids and lastly glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs). Aquatic organic matter is typically characterized by high abundances of sterols, fatty acids and GDGTs, and variable amounts of specific algal markers including long-chain C-37-C-40 alkenones, C-28-C-32 alkyl diols, C-20, C-25 and C-30 highly branched isoprenoid alkenes, chlorophylls and carotenoids. This chapter reviews the application of these various compounds as source-specific biomarkers and investigates the range of degradation reactions that need to be considered when using them as quantitative markers for organic matter inputs.
Fire-derived, pyrogenic carbon (PyC), sometimes called black carbon (BC), is the carbonaceous solid residue of biomass and fossil fuel combustion, such as char and soot. PyC is ubiquitous in the environment due to its long persistence, and its abundance might even increase with the projected increase in global wildfire activity and the continued burning of fossil fuel. PyC is also increasingly produced from the industrial pyrolysis of organic wastes, which yields charred soil amendments (biochar). Moreover, the emergence of nanotechnology may also result in the release of PyC-like compounds to the environment. It is thus a high priority to reliably detect, characterize and quantify these charred materials in order to investigate their environmental properties and to understand their role in the carbon cycle. Here, we present the benzene polycarboxylic acid (BPCA) method, which allows the simultaneous assessment of PyC's characteristics, quantity and isotopic composition (C-13 and C-14) on a molecular level. The method is applicable to a very wide range of environmental sample materials and detects PyC over a broad range of the combustion continuum, i.e., it is sensitive to slightly charred biomass as well as high temperature chars and soot. The BPCA protocol presented here is simple to employ, highly reproducible, as well as easily extendable and modifiable to specific requirements. It thus provides a versatile tool for the investigation of PyC in various disciplines, ranging from archeology and environmental forensics to biochar and carbon cycling research.
The analysis of pyrogenic carbon (PyC) in environmental samples is of great interest, e.g. for carbon cycle assessment, (bio-)char characterization and palaeo-environmental or archeological reconstruction. Here, an HPLC method (HPLC) is presented that reproducibly quantifies benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCA) as molecular markers for PyC in various kinds of environmental samples. It operates at low pH without requiring an organic modifier and was thoroughly tested with PyC reference materials and a peatland core that served as a feasibility and plausibility check. Compared to the established gas chromatography (GC) method, the HPLC method results in higher BPCA quantification reproducibility by showing a significantly smaller coefficient of variation (HPLC: 5%, GC: 16–23%). It works well with small sample amounts, as for instance from sediment cores and aerosol collectors, and requires less sample preparation work than the GC method. Moreover, the here presented HPLC method facilitates 13C and 14C analyses on PyC from environmental samples
This article integrates palaeoenvironmental and archaeological sequences covering the mid- to late-Holocene in Northeast Thailand. The former reveal the fluctuating intensity of the Asian summer monsoon, leading to periods of higher moisture availability with intervals of relative aridity. The latter are founded on a series of new radiocarbon determinations that provide a basic chronological framework, from the initial Neolithic settlements by rice farmers (c. 3700 cal. BP) to the end of the prehistoric Iron Age around 1300 cal. BP. By dovetailing the two, we find that periods of relative aridity occurred during the later Iron Age as an agricultural revolution witnessed water control measures, plough and irrigated rice cultivation and a marked rise in social elites. The correlation between climatic and cultural changes is found to continue into the period of the Angkorian state. Rather than cause a decline and/or abandonment of late Iron Age settlements, we find that the environmental stress caused by a weaker summer monsoon was met by a strong social response and by adaptations that generated a transition into early socially hierarchic polities.
Lake sedimentary records that allow documentation of the distinct climatic and environmental shifts during the early part of the Last Termination are scarce for northern Europe. This multi-proxy study of the sediments of Attekopsmosse, southwest Sweden, therefore fills an important gap and provides detailed information regarding past hydroclimatic conditions and local environmental responses to climatic shifts. Lake infilling started c. 15.5 cal. ka BP, but low aquatic productivity, cold summer lake water temperatures, unstable catchments, and scarce herb and shrub vegetation prevailed until c. 14.7-14.5 cal. ka BP. Inflow of warmer air masses and higher July air temperatures favoured a rise in aquatic productivity and lake water summer temperatures, and the establishment of a diverse herb, shrub and dwarf shrub vegetation, which also included tree birch c. 14.5 cal. ka BP. Freshening of the moisture source region c. 13.7-13.6 cal. ka BP does not seem to have had a large impact on the ancient lake and its catchment, as lake aquatic productivity increased further and lake water summer temperatures and minimum mean July air temperatures remained around 12-14 degrees C. In contrast, further freshening of the moisture source region c. 13 cal. ka BP triggered a decrease in lake productivity, drier conditions and lower lake water summer temperatures. Macroscopic finds of tree Betula and Pinus sylvestris at 13-12.8 cal. ka BP demonstrate the presence of these trees in the lake's catchment. The transition into the Holocene (11.6-11.5 cal. ka BP) is marked by a change in chironomid assemblages and by a rise in lake water summer temperatures and aquatic productivity. These changes were followed by the re-establishment of a diverse aquatic and terrestrial vegetation, including tree birch and Pinus sylvestris at 11.4 cal. ka BP.
The Last Termination (19 000-11 000 a BP) with its rapid and distinct climate shifts provides a perfect laboratory to study the nature and regional impact of climate variability. The sedimentary succession from the ancient lake at Hasseldala Port in southern Sweden with its distinct Lateglacial/early Holocene stratigraphy (> 14.1-9.5 cal. ka BP) is one of the few chronologically well-constrained, multi- proxy sites in Europe that capture a variety of local and regional climatic and environmental signals. Here we present Hasseldala's multi-proxy records (lithology, geochemistry, pollen, diatoms, chironomids, biomarkers, hydrogen isotopes) in a refined age model and place the observed changes in lake status, catchment vegetation, summer temperatures and hydroclimate in a wider regional context. Reconstructed mean July temperatures increased between c. 14.1 and c. 13.1 cal. ka BP and subsequently declined. This latter cooling coincided with drier hydroclimatic conditions that were probably associated with a freshening of the Nordic Seas and started a few hundred years before the onset of Greenland Stadial 1 (c. 12.9 cal. ka BP). Our proxies suggest a further shift towards colder and drier conditions as late as c. 12.7 cal. ka BP, which was followed by the establishment of a stadial climate regime (c. 12.5-11.8 cal. ka BP). The onset of warmer and wetter conditions preceded the Holocene warming over Greenland by c. 200 years. Hasseldala's proxies thus highlight the complexity of environmental and hydrological responses across abrupt climate transitions in northern Europe.
Limited understanding of the complex dynamics of the tropical monsoon exists, partly due to inadequate paleo (hydro)-climate proxy data from monsoonal regions. This study presents a 2000-year long record of hydrogen isotope values of leaf wax (delta D-wax) from a sedimentary sequence recovered from Lake Pa Kho, Northern Thailand. Evaluation of present day rainfall patterns and water isotope data indicates that delta D-wax reflects the amount of rainfall and is also influenced by El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics. Over the last 2000 years, wettest conditions occurred between ca. 700 AD and ca. 1000 AD, whereas the driest intervals lasted from ca. 50 BCE to ca. 700 AD and from ca. 1300 AD to ca. 1500 AD. Further investigations to establish the spatiotemporal variability of ENSO within the wider tropical Asian-Pacific realm over centennial timescales revealed a low-frequency-tripole pattern between mainland SE Asia (MSEA), the tropical West Pacific, and the central-eastern Pacific, with a wetter than normal MSEA during El Nino-like climate conditions. This pattern stands in contrast to the annual event where El Nino cause drier conditions in MSEA. We hypothesize that on centennial timescales the land-sea contrast, which drives monsoon intensity in MSEA, is modulated by the latitudinal shift of the Walker circulation and associated ENSO dynamics.
Climate and human-induced environmental change promotes biological regime shifts between alternate stable states, with implications for ecosystem resilience, function and services. While this has been shown for recent microbial communities, the long-term response of microbial communities has not been investigated in detail. This study investigated the decadal variations in phytoplankton communities in a ~150 year long sedimentary archive of Lake Nong Thale Prong (NTP), southern Thailand using a combi nation of DNA and lipid biomarkers techniques. Reconstructed drier climate from ~1857-1916 Common Era (CE) coincided with oligotrophic lake water conditions and dominance of the green algae Botryococcus braunii, producing characteristic botryococcene lipids. A change to higher silica (Si) input ~1916 CE, which was related to increased rainfall concurs with an abrupt takeover by diatom blooms lasting for 50 years. Since the 1970s more eutrophic conditions prevailed, which was likely caused by increased levels of anthropogenic phosphate (P), aided by increased lake stratification caused by somewhat dryer conditions. The eutrophic conditions led to increased primary productivity consisting again of a Botryococcus sp., though this time not producing the botryococcene lipids. Moreover, Cyanobacteria became dominant. Our results indicate that a combined DNA and lipid biomarker approach provides an efficient way to allow tracking centennial-scale hydroclimate and anthropogenic feedback processes in lake ecosystems.
This paper investigates the possible social responses to changes in the strength of the southwest monsoon in northeastern Thailand during the currency of the Angkor civilisation. These assessments are based on hydrogen and carbon isotope records of leaf waxes (delta D-wax and delta 13C(wax)) from a 2000-year-long wetland sequence of Pa Kho in northeastern Thailand, a region that formed the northern boundary of the Angkor Kingdom. Our data indicate anthropogenic flooding of the Pa Kho wetland through the control of water through dam construction from c. AD 1300 in response to the fluctuating strength of monsoon rains. delta D-wax, a proxy for regional hydroclimate variability, corroborates pre-existing evidence that increased summer monsoon rains, which supported the expansion of the agrarian economy, aided the rise of the Angkorian Empire whereas extreme drought contributed to its demise. Interestingly, our delta D-wax record shows already a gradual decreasing monsoon intensity from c. AD 1000 onwards, although Angkor's prosperity reached its peak at c. AD 1200. We suggest that the complex hydrological system established under royal patronage at Angkor provided a resilient buffer against short-term monsoon fluctuations. The long-term decline in monsoon rains over a similar to 300-year period, combined with ongoing urbanisation, may have stretched the hydrological systems to their limit. We suggest that this was a major factor that contributed to the demise of Angkor in the mid-15th century.
Understanding past climate and environmental conditions depends largely on accurate interpretations of proxy records from a range of environments, including tropical wetlands and lakes. Lipid biomarker analysis can provide important information about the sources of the accumulated organic material, and thus about the environmental information contained therein. Here we use n-alkane distributions and stable carbon isotopes of leaf waxes (δ13Cwax) to identify the sources of organic matter (OM) of a 2000-year long sediment/peat record from Lake Pa Kho (LPK) in northeastern Thailand, and to constrain the mechanisms that cause shifts in δ13Cwax and in δ13C of bulk organic matter (δ13Cbulk). Our results show three main sources of OM: terrestrial plants, aquatic macrophytes and algae. The δ13C values of the long chain n-alkanes, show two distinct groups: C27–C31 and C33–C35n-alkanes, where the δ13C values of C33–C35n-alkanes reflect that of δ13Cbulk. Lower moisture availability on the wetland, known from other sedimentary evidence, was characterized by low carbon isotope values typically seen for C3 plants, whereas greater moisture availability corresponded to higher δ13C values (around –20‰) of C33–C35n-alkanes, resembling a typical C4 plant signal. However, various lines of evidence argue against large shifts between C3 and C4 plant input. Instead, we suggest that the high δ13C values were indirectly caused by higher aquatic productivity during periods of greater moisture availability, decreasing dissolved CO2, but increasing bicarbonate availability caused by higher pH. This caused the dominant macrophytes (e.g., Potamogeton spp.) to shift their carbon source from CO-2 to bicarbonate, which has much higher δ13C values. Our results show that the environmental context should be taken into account when interpreting n-alkane δ13C variability as a paleo-environmental/climatic signal as this contains several important variables that need to be disentangled and explained.
We investigated the relationship between distributions of GDGTs, GDGT-based proxies and environmental factors in a stratified lake in northwestern Norway. More than 90% of isoGDGTs were produced at the bottom of the oxycline, indicating a predominance of ammonia-oxidizing Group I.1a of Thaumarchaeota, supported by high crenarchaeol/caldarchaeol ratios. Dissolved oxygen content, rather than temperature, exercised a primary control on TEX86 values. In spite of low BIT value in surface sediment, the reconstructed lake surface temperature was cold biased. MBT values in streams and lake surface water were significantly smaller than those in the catchment soil, suggesting in situ production of brGDGTs in streams. A rapid transition of MBT vs. temperature/pH relationships occurring at the bottom of oxycline indicated the differential production of various brGDGTs with D.O. and depths. Only within the oxycline were CBT-based pH values close to in situ pH. Our results confirm earlier studies calling for caution in applying TEX86 as a surface temperature proxy, or MBT and/or CBT for reconstructing pH, in anoxic or euxinic lakes, estuaries and ocean basins. We propose that caldarchaeol/crenarchaeol ratio, an indicator of contributions from methanogenic archaea, together with the BIT and TEX86 proxies, can help reconstruct past levels of stratification.
Glacier forefield chronosequences, initially composed of barren substrate after glacier retreat, are ideal locations to study primary microbial colonization and succession in a natural environment. We characterized the structure and composition of bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities in exposed rock substrates along the Damma glacier forefield in central Switzerland. Soil samples were taken along the forefield from sites ranging from fine granite sand devoid of vegetation near the glacier terminus to well-developed soils covered with vegetation. The microbial communities were studied with genetic profiling (T-RFLP) and sequencing of clone libraries. According to the T-RFLP profiles, bacteria showed a high Shannon diversity index (H) (ranging from 2.3 to 3.4) with no trend along the forefield. The major bacterial lineages were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes and Cyanobacteria. An interesting finding was that Euryarchaeota were predominantly colonizing young soils and Crenarchaeota mainly mature soils. Fungi shifted from an Ascomycota-dominated community in young soils to a more Basidiomycota-dominated community in old soils. Redundancy analysis indicated that base saturation, pH, soil C and N contents and plant coverage, all related to soil age, correlated with the microbial succession along the forefield.


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Take advantage of 0% FINANCING* offered by Ring Power on major Caterpillar® component repairs! From now until the end of 2010, all parts and labor totaling more than $5,000 (attachments, work tools, rebuilds, repowers, engines, undercarriages) will qualify for the special financing, and purchase can be combined to reach the $5,000 minimum.
The following terms and conditions apply:
-12 months of equal payment at 0% interest
-Excavators (312 & larger), Wheel Loaders (938-990) and Track-Type Tractors (D3-D8) only
For more information about Ring Power's 2010 Component Rebuild Stimulus Program, or to schedule work at one of our service centers, contact your Product Support Sales Representative today!
*0% financing provided through CAT Access on all eligible repairs performed before the end of 2010. Must be pre-qualified by Ring Power and approved by Caterpillar Financial Services Corp. Offer based on current financial information and may be withdrawn or revised at any time without notice.
Posted in: Heavy Equipment
Tags: heavy equipment, service financing, component rebuild, stimulus program, product support, rebuilds, repowers, excavator, wheel loader, track-type tractor, bulldozer
Briggs Equipment, North American distributor for Case articulated trucks, track loaders, crawler dozers and loaders, excavators, Yale forklifts, loader/backhoes, tool carriers, motor graders, skid steer and wheel loaders, pavers, compaction equipment, material handlers, demolition tools, and asphalt and concrete equipment, has closed its doors in Florida.
Case heavy equipment owners throughout north and central Florida can rest assured that Ring Power parts warehouses have access to the replacement parts they'll need to keep their construction machines up and running: adjusters, brakes, engines, hoses, batteries, buckets, filters, hydraulics, pumps, blades, cab and chassis, fuel systems, pins and bushings and seal kits, as well as undercarriage, power train, steering and front axle components.
Also,Ring Power shops and technicians are equipped to perform repairs and preventive maintenance on most heavy equipment makes and models. In addition to Case construction equipment, Ring Power services skid steer loaders, multi-terrain loaders, compact track loaders,manlifts, aerial lifts, mini hydraulic excavators, wheel loaders, compactors, boom trucks, dump trucks, utility trucks, backhoe loaders and dozers made by Caterpillar, Bobcat, Genie, Terex, JCB, Lull, and other leading manufacturers.
Call or email us at any of our locations in north or central Florida to schedule service for your Case construction machine. Ring Power is open for business and we are here to stay!
Ring Power Corporation, North and Central Florida's Caterpillar dealer, is headquartered in St. Augustine, Florida, with branch locations in Brooksville, Daytona, Gainesville, Jacksonville, Lake City, Lakeland, Ocala, Orlando, Palm Bay, Perry, Sarasota, Tallahassee, Tampa and Tarpon Springs. We welcome your comments about this article. Click on the title to leave a suggestion or ask a question.
Posted in: Heavy Equipment | Lift Trucks
Tags: case, briggs equipment, heavy equipment, construction equipment, parts, service, repair, florida, preventive maintenance, yale forklift, excavator, front end loader, dozer, bakhoe loader
Goodwin grew up in what is now called Wesley Chapel, Fla. back when about a dozen families lived within a five-mile radius, and began his career in construction in 1966 as a dozer operator for a Lakeland-based company. After 10 years with this company, Goodwin tried relocating to North Carolina but soon realized his dislike of cold weather and snow. Upon his return to Florida a year later, Goodwin took charge of a subcontracting company in the Brooksville area that specialized in stripping overburden. By the mid-eighties Goodwin was doing mining work all over the state from Newberry to Ft. Pierce. Then, during a slow point in 1985, he took advantage of an option to buy out his partner and incorporated Goodwin Brothers Construction two years later.
As Goodwin continued to grow the company and adapt to customer's demands for underground utility and excavation work, Goodwin Brothers continued to expand and upgrade its operational facilities: from residential offices, to a pole-barn on agricultural land, to its present location just across the street from Ring Power's Brooksville branch on Ponce de Leon Boulevard, where it has remained for the past 12 years.
Goodwin's foresight and self-confidence are evident in the name he chose for his company, which he figured would spare his sons the trouble of having to change the name after he retired. And he was right. Each of the four Goodwin brothers now manages a different aspect of the family business. Daniel handles the estimates, orders the materials and oversees the day-to-day operations. Eddie oversees the underground utility, site prep and paving projects. David is in charge of the company's mining projects and Michael and the mechanics keep the company's entire fleet of equipment and trucks running smoothly. This delegation of responsibilities leaves Goodwin free to enjoy his preferred duty on the job site: operating equipment—especially the paver.
Goodwin firmly believes he owes his success to the community that has provided him and his company so many opportunities from the beginning, and he gives back whenever he can. Sometimes by sponsoring little league teams, sometimes by bidding high and often on livestock at the county fair (and giving the bulk of the meat to employees and friends!) Known as a man who still values a handshake, Goodwin is held in high esteem by those with whom his company does business. He lets his company's reputation speak for itself.
"That's the way you do business; that's the way I do business. If I tell somebody I'm going to do something, that's the way it is," said Goodwin. "People that see us working on one job…see the name on the equipment, and want us to come work on another."
Goodwin has been a Ring Power customer for three decades, since the Rozier days. He still keeps an eye out for new machines that offer ease of use and superior productivity. As a result, he has amassed a broad variety of equipment over the years, allowing his company to meet whatever challenges they face. His inventory of equipment includes off-road trucks, a 400-series backhoe, a 330 and a 345 excavator, various D3, D5, D6, and D8 tractors, a 950H and a 980 wheel loader and a 12H motor grader. Goodwin also recently purchased an AP600 paver to replace an AP800 because he preferred the extended screed for parking lot work; and a 12M because the company needed a second motor grader.
Recognizing that a good name and the respect of your clients and community comes first may not be a new idea, but the commitment to the ideal is something Goodwin Brothers Construction strives to maintain in daily operations. While Goodwin may someday step down, his long-term planning will allow his sons to carry on with the company's goals—and they won't even have to change the name on the sign out front.
Goodwin Brothers Construction can be reached at 352.796.0149 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Posted in: Cat Rental Store | Heavy Equipment
Tags: godwin brothers construction, caterpillar, construction equipment, underground utility, site preparation, road paving, backhoe, excavator, brooksville, florida

subset: commoncrawl


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Last week, on December 21 we witnessed a lunar eclipse. Below are some pictures of the eclipse: Image Credit & Copyright: Chris Hetlage Image Credit & Copyright: Itahisa N. González (Grupo de Observadores Astronómicos de Tenerife) Credit & Copyright: Jerry … Continue reading
Apus Constellation
Apus is a faint constellation in the southern sky. Its name means "no feet" in Greek and it represents a bird-of-paradise, which were once believed to have no feet. It was one of the twelve constellations created by Petrus Plancius … Continue reading
Weekly Stargazing Calendar for 2010-12-27
This week will be much less eventful than the previous one, but since there will be a meteor shower peak next week, it's possible to see a few meteors as early as January 1st. They are called the Quadrantids. As … Continue reading
Blog updates, TV & eclipse photography
I'm now officially done with all that college work. The semester is finally over! 🙂 Therefore I will be able to write more regularly. I will bring back all the weekly series that I couldn't keep up with during the … Continue reading
Weekly Stargazing Calendar for 2010-12-20
This week there will be a lunar eclipse. It will be best visible in North America at around 1-4 a.m. eastern time on December 21. Unlike solar eclipses, a lunar eclipse is very slow. Below is a mosaic of all … Continue reading
Weekly Stargazing Calendar for 2010-12-13
This week we will witness the Geminid meteor shower. It is considered to be the most spectacular meteor shower with an average of 60 meteors per hour during the peak which will be on the night of December 13 and … Continue reading
Weekly Stargazing Calendar for 2010-12-06
There is a huge snow storm here in Montreal, so I won't be able to see much today. I hope some of you might be more lucky. This week has no major astronomical events save for the occasional meteor preceding … Continue reading
Weekly Stargazing Calendar for 2010-11-29
Now that the Leonid meteor shower is over, there is no other major astronomical event this week, though it's still interesting to watch the planets. So here are their positions for this week: Mercury: This planet is very close to … Continue reading
Follow Friday & Weekly Stumbles For 2010-11-26
An oxygen atmosphere has been found on Saturn's second largest moon, Rhea, astronomers announced Thursday—but don't hold your breath for colonization opportunities. For one thing, the 1,500-kilometer-wide, ice-covered moon is more than 1.5 billion kilometers from Earth. Continue reading
Astronomy Picture of the Week – Carina Nebula
This is a picture of the Carina Nebula, also known as NGC 3372. It is a huge nebula spanning over 300 light years. The dark shapes you can see in this image are actually clouds of molecular gas and dust so thick they appear opaque. Continue reading


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Karim Serageldin
Karim Serageldin, founder of Noor, completed his BA in psychology & religion, followed by an MA in east-west psychology with a specialization in spiritual counseling. He is a certified life coach with years of teaching and community outreach experience. His practical work and research includes developing a modern framework of Islamic psychology, relationship, family and youth coaching. He provides seminars and workshops in the United States. You can contact Br. Karim at: http://www.noorhumanconsulting.com or facebook.com/noorhumanconsulting


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Carly Silberberg
Carly completed her nursing studies at La Trobe University in 2001 where she was awarded the Mental Health Clinical Excellence award. Carly spent her last placement in ICU and from there her passion for critical care began. A born and bred Canberran (Carly and her twin brother were even born here at Woden Valley Hospital!), Carly moved back to Canberra and joined ICU in 2002 - where she knew she had found her place.
For the last 15 years Carly has moved between clinical nursing, education and management roles both at Canberra Hospital and Calvary, whilst also completing her Post Graduate Diploma of Critical Care. Carly is currently finishing her Masters of Nursing.
Carly knows how to enjoy the benefits of living in Canberra, motorbike riding in the winter & summer by the beach with her family. That's of course when she's not driving her '68 Chevrolet Camaro.


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Two new builders' merchant branches have opened following a £9 million investment.
Sovini Trades Supplies' new stores are in Eccles and Ellesmere Port in the North West, and have created 11 jobs in the area.
This follows a £9 million deal with property services giant Liberty Group.
The firm, which is part of parent company The Sovini Group, already has three branches, including its original branch in Aintree, Liverpool. It says it plans to open more stores in the UK in the next few years.
Director Anita Harrison-Carroll said: "I am delighted to announce the company's recent expansion which has created local employment opportunities and scope for business development across the wider region.
"We are looking forward to welcoming new businesses to our supply chain as we explore more opportunities across the North West and wider."


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Provincial Growth Fund - Unlocking our economic potential
When announced in September last year that Tairāwhiti would receive $137 million from the Provincial Growth Fund to unlock Tairāwhiti's economic potential (adding to the $232 million investment also announced from the National Land Transport Fund – one of the largest investments from this Fund the region has ever received), Gisborne District Council's strategy was clear: make hay while the sun shines and upgrade the Tairāwhiti road network in time for the brunt of winter to ensure that it remained open and operational.
When the contract for the package was signed in May this year, Council had already made serious progress on key priority projects to ensure progress before winter set in.
Three months later, over $12 million has been invested into our local road network. An extra $2 million dollars of heavy metal has been laid on high priority rural roads, $2.6 million into upgrading our city streets and close to $1 million spent on improving drainage. An extra $6 million of PGF funds will be invested by June 2020.
Network resilience improvements - $10m
City asphalt upgrades, heavy metal on rural roads, drainage maintenance, culvert repairs.
Expected completion: Jun 2020
Rakaiatane Road upgrade - $4.5m
Full road surface upgrade, stormwater management, kerb and lighting repairs.
Expected completion: Feb 2020
Bridge strengthening - $3m
Funding to repair bridges to withstand future freight.
Expected completion: Jun 2021
Flood damage - $2m
Recovery from Cyclone Pam, Debbie and Cook, 2018 Queen's birthday flood; 92% funded by NZTA, 8% funded by Provincial Growth Fund.
Expected completion: Jun 2021
Heavy industry zone - $4.2m
Aerodrome Road will be widened and upgraded to ensure industrial growth. This project is currently being designed and will be tendered later this year. Work is expected to start in late 2020.
Expected completion: Late 2021
More projects in the pipeline
The following business cases will be written and submitted to NZTA for approval. Each study can take up to nine months to complete.
East Cape Road sealing
A case will be made to seal hazardous stretches of East Cape Road.
East Cape security
Due to erosion and rising sea levels, East Cape Road is under threat. A case will be made to secure multiple parts of the road.
Local route security
A number of rural road sites will be recommended for repair to improve network resilience and industry growth.
Tiniroto Road security
A business case will establish the viability of upgrading Tiniroto Road and analyse the route as an alternative transport connection.
King Road / Harper Road upgrade
A study and business case will be made to widen this route to prepare for future industry and residential growth.


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Megyn Kelly, the Fox News anchor who was a catalyst for Fox honcho Roger Ailes' ouster over sexual harassment charges, stunned the Republican National Convention last night. She wore a slinky cocktail dress on air, just like the one in her risque 2010 GQ magazine photo shoot.
Social media erupted, especially conservatives and evangelicals who make up the bulk of the convention goers and Fox News audience.
Related: Andrea Tantaros Fans Demand Return To Fox News: 14,451 Sign Petition
She knew, or should have known, the dress would cause an uproar.
In May, Liberte Chan, a KTLA-TV weathercaster in Los Angeles, was shamed on the air for wearing a similar dress. She was handed a sweater and told to cover up in the middle of her broadcast. (See video below)
An on-air anchor handed her the cardigan. He claimed the station was receiving "a lot of emails," presumably negative.
For the record, KTLA-TV was later criticized for the move.
Kelly, at least, was spared that indignity for wearing a nearly identical spaghetti-strap dress. But she couldn't escape the wrath of the Twittersphere.
Related: Gretchen Carlson: Fox News CEO Roger Ailes Hit on Her for Sex, Then Fired Her
Critics charged that the 45-year-old anchor looked "unprofessional." Some claimed she looked like she was "wearing a bikini" or dressing like a "cocktail waitress."
"@FoxNews Still hard to take your coverage seriously when @megynkelly looks like she's working for an escort agency," Tweeted one convention watcher.
Related: Fox News Shows Burning Pilot Video: Is It Trying to Goad U.S. Into War?
"If Megyn Kelly wants us to take her seriously as a journalist. Stop dressing like a cocktail waitress," wrote another Twitter wag.
The irony is Kelly was instrumental in causing Ailes' departure after former Fox anchor Gretchen Carlson sued him for sexual harassment, as TheImproper has reported.
In an internal investigation, Kelly said Ailes also sexually harassed her a decade ago, according to New York magazine.
Shortly afterward, the powerful Fox Chief Executive was handed his walking papers with a tidy $40 million severance package, according to reports.
Related: Jon Stewart Explains Fox News Gay Marriage Reaction (watch!)
In a further irony Kelly wore a similar dress in a risque photo spread for GQ magazine in 2010.
Fox News, which is a champion of conservative causes, appears to be in just as much disarray as the Republican Party.
Let us know your thoughts and be sure to follow IM on Twitter.


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Feb. 2 Book Talk about behind the scenes January 23, 2019Posted by diannaobrien in Charles W. Gehrke General, Events.
Tags: ABC Labs, Cathy Salter, Charles W. Gehrke, Dianna Borsi O'Brien, Eurofins, From Melon Fields to Moon Rocks, Kit Salter, University of MIssouri
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As the author of "From the Melon Fields to Moon Rocks," I'm happy to present two firsts:
- I'll be speaking for the first time at the OSHER Saturday Morning Book Talks on Feb. 2, 2019. These monthly events kick off with coffee and cake at 9:30 a.m. followed by an author talk at 10 a.m. The event will be in 1907 Hillcrest Drive and my appearance is sponsored by Yolanda Ciolli Compass Flower Press. Sales will be handled by Yellow Dog Bookshop, which always has copies of the book on its shelves.
- Second, below is this website's first guest written post by Kit Salter, who with his wife Cathy Salter, organizes the OSHER Book Talks.
ABC Labs' 50th Anniversary Celebrated August 17, 2018Posted by diannaobrien in ABC Labs, Eurofins, Events.
Tags: 50th Celebration, Charles W. Gehrke, David Stalling, Dianna Borsi O'Brien, Eurofins, Jim Ussary, Jon Gehrke, Melon Fields to Moon Rocks, Susan Gehrke Isaacson, Tim Oostdyk
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A business making it to 50 years in the same location and market is due to one thing: the hard work of the people said an executive at Eurofins, the company that now owns ABC Labs.
Tim Oostdyk, Group Senior Vice President at Eurofins, made the comment at ABC Labs' barbeque lunch celebration on Thursday, Aug. 9 at the company's Discovery Ridge location.
At the event, he lauded ABC Labs founder the late Charles W. Gehrke for instilling the two guiding principles of the company: great science and a love for people.
The celebration included a cake marking the 50th anniversary of the company started in 1968.
Gehrke's children were on hand for the celebration. Jon Gehrke is an orthopedic surgeon in Des Moines, Iowa, and Susan Gehrke Isaacson is an attorney and CPA in Minneapolis. Former board members and employees also attended.
Oostdyk said the combination of people skills and scientific drive is crucial to the success in the scientific contract testing business which requires fulfilling the demands of customers and conducting challenging scientific research.
ABC Labs was bought out by EAG Labs in 2015 and then purchased by Eurofins Scientific in 2017.
Back in the day
ABC Labs got its start in 1968 through those principles of science and people skills and the hard work of three people, Gehrke, Jim Ussary and David Stalling, two of Gehrke's former graduate students.
Each man brought his own science and skills to the job.
For the first six months, the company operated out of a desk in Ussary's home. His contribution to the firm's development included his scientific problem solving and sales skills.
Stalling was a whiz at scientific instruments and literally helped build the first few buildings at ABC Labs out of materials recycled from his father's work clearing away buildings for the creation of Interstate 70.
Gehkre said he raised funds to get the company off the ground, collecting $200,000 within six months, an amount which would be more than $1.4 million today.
From those origins, ABC Labs grew until it employed 300 people prior to its 2015 buyout by EAG Labs and the 2017 purchase by Eurofins.
A farmer to scientist story
The humble beginnings — and ups and downs — of this global firm are detailed in the book "From Melon Fields to Moon Rocks."
The biography of Gehrke describes his tough start and his ups and downs as well. He grew up in the tiny town of Canal Lewisville, Ohio, having to work in neighboring farm fields to help support his family. His ticket out of farming literally came from his oldest brother, who put him on a train to Ohio State University, telling him he wanted a better life than farming for his brother.
From there, his education and scientific career would propel Gehrke to head up a scientific team that analyzed the moon rocks from the NASA Apollo moon landings and found ABC Labs.
Learn More
To read more about the path Charles took from a small town in Ohio to founder of a scientific firm, the book, "From Melon Fields to Moon Rocks," is available at the following Columbia locations:
- Yellow Dog Bookshop, 8 S. Ninth St.
- Columbia Mall Barnes & Noble
- Boone County History and Culture Center at 3801 Ponderosa St., Columbia.
- Barnes & Noble,
- amazon.com or
- This website by mail for $20 plus tax and shipping.
If you'd like to hear more about Charles, ABC Labs and the writing of this book, Dianna O'Brien is available for talks and presentations.
Local author day at Columbia Library October 11, 2017Posted by diannaobrien in ABC Labs, Charles W. Gehrke General, Events, Uncategorized.
Tags: ABC Labs, buy local, Charles W. Gehrke, Columbia Public Library, Dianna Borsi O'Brien, EAG Laboratories, Eurofins, From Melon Fields to Moon Rocks
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Can't wait?
Have it shipped to you directly for $20, plus tax and shipping.
The book is available in Columbia at Yellow Dog Bookshop, 8 S. Ninth St., the Columbia Mall bookstore Barnes & Noble and the bookstore at Boone County History and Culture Center at 3801 Ponderosa St.
The book was published March 2017 by Yolanda Ciolli's firm, Compass Flower Press, and designed by Ginny Booker.
Or buy it here now and have a signed copy shipped to you directly for $20, plus tax and shipping.


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Along with claiming he isn't a racist and slamming Magic Johnson, banned Los Angeles Clippers owner Donald Sterling made an unlikely claim about his team's players during an interview with CNN's Anderson Cooper: He insisted they still love him.
"The players don't hate me," Sterling told Cooper in a conversation that aired on CNN's Anderson Cooper 360° on Monday. "The sponsors don't hate me. The fans don't me. The media hates. The media, it's all the media pushing."
Asked by Cooper if he truly believes that NBA players support him, Sterling expressed surprising certainty.
"I believe it 100%," he said.
CLICK HERE to watch full CNN segment
Cooper pointed to the Clippers players' protest as evidence that Sterling is not as beloved as he contends. Just days after the first recording of Sterling's racist remarks was released by TMZ, Clippers players staged a silent protest before a playoff game by warming up with their red T-shirts worn inside out to obscure any team logo.
"Well, if one does then the others have to do it," Sterling said of the protest.
In the recordings, Sterling told a woman, V. Stiviano, to not bring black people to games or share photos of herself with black people on social media. NBA Commissioner Adam Silver subsequently hit Sterling, 80, with a lifetime ban from the NBA and a $2.5 million fine.
"In response to today's ruling by the NBA and Commissioner Adam Silver, my teammates and I are in agreement with his decision," Clippers point guard Chris Paul said in a statement released after the ban was announced, via the Los Angeles Times. "We appreciate the strong leadership from Commissioner Silver and he has our full support."
Despite the apparent consensus among players that Sterling's racism is revolting and continued ownership of the Clippers is unacceptable, he suggested that the players were powerless to oust him.
"What do you think? You think they're all going to walk off the team? Can any of us just stop working? We all have to work," Sterling told Cooper. "We all have to earn a living. We all have bills. We may work for an employer we don't love. I contend that they love me."
Asked again by Cooper if he truly believes the players are behind him, Sterling again expressed surprising confidence.
"Absolutely," he declared. "They know I'm not a racist."
Sterling's interview with Cooper took place on Sunday, within hours of Miami Heat superstar LeBron James telling reporters that NBA players don't want Sterling -- or any member of his family -- permitted to own the team.
"As players, we want what's right and we don't feel like no one in his family should be able to own the team," James said after the Miami Heat practiced on Sunday, via The Associated Press.


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"Where is human nature so weak as in the bookstore?" - Henry Ward Beecher -
Somewhere Still
Denitta Ward
One woman's transformative journey of love, betrayal, and redemption. Come travel to the Roaring '20s when the rules were clear & made to be broken, and women were changing the world.
Finalist, Wishing Shelf Book Award
Nominee, 2018 Kansas Notable Book Award
Available through Ingram, Amazon and Barnes & Noble.
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Prohibition Cocktails reveals the history, secrets, and recipes of 21 of the most popular drinks of the Roaring Twenties. For 14 years, from 1920-1933, until the 21st Amendment passed, the production, sale, and transport of liquor were banned -- the rules were clear and made to be broken. The speakeasy cocktail culture flourished. From the sweet Mary Pickford to the startling Monkey Gland cocktail, come learn the secrets and history of Prohibition Cocktails.
Color photos and a cocktail party planning guide with suggested 1920s appetizers, Roaring Twenties music, photo booth prop ideas, and a cocktails supply shopping list included.
Travel back to the time when the rules were clear and made to be broken.
Available for order through Ingram, Amazon, Barnes & Noble, & Independent Bookstores.
"Anyone who says they have only one life to live never read a book, and most certainly never wrote one."


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George Moore Biography
Birthday: February 24, 1852
Nationality: Irish
Famous: Quotes By George Moore Irish Men
Died At Age: 80
Sun Sign: Pisces
Famous as: Irish novelist
Died on: January 21, 1933
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George Augustus Moore was an Irish writer, poet and dramatist who is credited for being the leading influence on naturalism in English and Irish writing during the late 19th century. A versatile writer who boldly broke away from the Victorian norms of his times, he often wrote about controversial topics like sex, adultery, prostitution, homosexuality, etc. During his younger days, Moore wanted to be a painter but later on his interest turned to writing. He began his writing career as a poet with 'The Flowers of Passion', a collection of lyrical poems. But he was forced to withdraw the book from the circulating libraries after some critics reviewed it negatively as the contents of the poems could offend moral puritans. His first novel, 'A Modern Lover', depicted the affairs and love life of a painter in a realistic manner. The novel received positive reviews, but also created much controversy due to its subject matter. Undaunted, he went on to publish another novel, 'A Mummer's Wife' which dealt with the issues of adultery and extramarital affairs. This book was also criticized for its explicit content, prompting Moore to raise his voice against the prudish censorship of the circulating libraries. The legendary poet and novelist, James Joyce regarded Moore as his greatest influence.
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- George Moore was born to Mary Blake and her politician husband, George Henry Moore who was also a founder of the Catholic Defence Association. He enjoyed reading as a child and loved to explore the outdoors with his brother and friends.His father sent him to St. Mary's College, a catholic boarding school to acquire formal education. But, he was unhappy with the school and spent his time reading novels and poems instead of concentrating on his studies. He was expelled from the school in 1867 for his laziness.The family moved to London in 1868 due to his father's job, and he was sent to attend the School of Art in the South Kensington Museum. There also his performance was unsatisfactory and his father was thoroughly disappointed with him.His father died in 1870 and he inherited his vast property. After handing over the estate to his brother in 1873, he left for Paris to study art.Quotes: LoveContinue Reading BelowYou May LikeCareer
- At the age of 21 he moved to Paris and studied art at Academie Jullian. In Paris he met many important artists and writers like Degas, Renoir, Pissarro, Mallarme, and Emile Zola.Gradually his interest shifted to writing from painting and he brought out his first collection of poems, 'The Flowers of Passion' in 1877.Due to financial problems at home, he was forced to return to England in 1879.The young George Moore was greatly influenced by the contribution of French writer Emile Zola to the literary movement of naturalism and introduced an element of naturalism into his first novel, 'A Modern Lover' published in1883.His second novel, 'A Mummer's Wife' was published in 1885, followed by 'A Drama in Muslin' in 1886 and 'A Mere Accident' in 1887.He was a bold writer who unabashedly wrote about issues like sexuality, adultery, extra marital affairs and homosexuality in a realistic manner. Initially his work was met with much harsh criticism, but over a period of time people began to develop a taste for realism and his works became popular.He also wrote many articles on literature and art for magazines along with poems and novels.His memoir, 'The Confessions of a Young Man' was published in French in 1886 and in English in 1888. It told of his experiences as a young artist and writer in Paris.His most celebrated novel, 'Esther Waters' came out in 1894. It revolved around the life of a young unwed mother and became an instant hit. The book brought him fame and financial security.Continue Reading BelowHe published a collection of short stories 'Celibates' in 1895 and followed it with a pair of musical novels, 'Evelyn Innes' (1898) and 'Sister Teresa' (1901).He moved to Ireland in 1901 and worked with W.B.Yeats to establish an Irish National Theatre. Moore and Yeats co-wrote a poetic play, 'Diarmuid and Grania' which was staged by the theatre. The theatre also staged Moore's play 'The Strike at Arlingford' which he had written in 1893.Over the next few decades, he published numerous other novels and collections of short stories, these include: 'The Untilled Field' (1903), 'Elizabeth Cooper' (1913), 'A Story-Teller's Holiday' (1918), 'Pure Poetry: An Anthology' (1924) and 'The Making of an Immortal' (1927).Major Works
- His memoir, 'The Confessions of a Young Man' is considered one of his notable works for its realistic depiction of life in Paris during the 1870's and 80's. Moore wrote about the emerging French impressionism and gave insightful literary criticisms of various authors.His novel 'Esther Waters', published in 1894 is his most famous work. The novel is about a poor, unwed mother who faces various social challenges and difficulties as she attempts to bring up her child. The novel was a big success and acclaimed to be his finest work.Personal Life & Legacy
- Moore never married, but was in a relationship with Maud, Lady Cunard. It is rumoured that Moore was the father of her daughter, Nancy, though there is no documented proof to validate this claim.He suffered from kidney problems during his old age and died in 1933 at the age of 80.Trivia
- Born a Catholic, he converted into a Protestant over a family dispute.He fared very poorly in school and his father was worried that he would grow up to be a failure in life.He died a rich man, but left nothing for his brothers or their families.Translate Wiki to Spanish, French, Hindi, Portuguese
How To CiteArticle Title- George Moore BiographyAuthor- Editors, TheFamousPeople.comWebsite- TheFamousPeople.comURL- https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/george-moore-3440.php
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Just a note those pieces, the music is far from being Syriac, the Oriental one, track 10, is simply Arabic, for the ordinary secular repertoire. I heard it twice to discover that it actually has religious lyrics!
The second, I agree with Najib is a quasi-Baroque. To me they are experimental without being grounded in the Syriac tradition, that if they claim to be Syriac. But perhpas the producers do not have this intention. Does anyone know more about them?


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text: This 5-Ft Outdoor Curved Back Garden Bench with Armrest in Black Wood Finish makes a beautiful addition to any garden, porch, or patio. This handsome bench is exclusively offered through this site and unavailable elsewhere, featuring a sturdy frame constructed from solid acacia and a sleek red finish. A contoured seat and straight armrest provide comfort and a slatted back provides support. The piece assembles quickly and easily. 5-Ft Outdoor Curved Back Garden Bench with Armrest in Black Wood Finish Sturdy frame made from durable, moisture resistant acacia hardwood Bright red painted finish Slatted curved back and contoured seat Straight armrests and high back Color Black Material Wood Seat Length 5 foot Wood Type Acacia Dimensions: 60L x 26W x 37H inches Weight: 35lbs.


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The Privateer was "The Private Market Letter for the Individual Capitalist". I remember I started subscribing to it in 2002 or 2003, and continued with it right up until the end, when the Australian Bill Buckler decided to stop publishing it in 2013.
Yet another (one of the very few remaining) voice of reason calls it quits after 30 years of writing The Privateer, one of the best financial newsletters. At this rate there will be virtually nobody left to challenge the daily propaganda spew coming out of the mainstream farcism. As Bill says, "We have been analysing the idiocies and imbecilities of the financial and political "powers that be" for a long time. And for an equivalent time, we have been watching the "markets" succumb to this detritus. That process was completed with the global near death financial experience of late 2008 but it had been building up since long before we began to chronicle it in 1984…. we need a break." Sadly, expect the amount of idiocies and imbecilities to rise exponentially in the near future as the insolvency of the dying status quo regime is exposed for everyone – not just rich Cypriot depositors – to see. As for Bill: enjoy the break, you have earned it.
At the time (which was around this time of year, I just realized) he gave Zerohedge permission to publish the final issue in its entirety. In addition to putting out The Privateer every 2 weeks, like clockwork for over 30 years, he also issued the Weekly Gold Report every Friday afternoon. It was a treasure, a rare voice of reason against an increasingly shrill din of hysterical, fabricated narratives that pass for "news" or "analysis".
I was thinking of all this because just recently when Mr. Buckler's old domain name that he used to run his operation from, the-privateer.com, came up for expiry. As some of you may know, my $dayjob is as CEO of a domain registrar, so knowing how to navigate the arcane and byzantine labyrinth of the domain expiry aftermarket, I was able to swoop in and purchase it on auction. No doubt I rescued it from winding up a as a pay-per-click page, or worse.
In the absence of The Privateer it was a challenge to find quality, replacement newsletters, but after wading through a lot of noise, I have found some decent signal: Read on
The Gartner Group is widely credited with formulating the "Hype Cycle", a trend curve that is said to model the adaptation of a new technology or paradigm.
Simply put it looks like this:
It certainly seems to have held sway regarding the Internet revolution, where the Peak of Inflated Expectations culminated in the Nasdaq blow-off-top of 2000 and the ensuing "Tech Wreck" crash. I remember that well, for a number of reasons including that my co-founders and I were still in "start-up" mode with our company, easyDNS. I remember profoundly misunderstanding what was happening in those final few months.
I remember thinking, literally "this is an entirely new economy, it's not about running profitable businesses anymore, it's about running up your stock price." There was a Sun Microsystems commercial that was near music video length, set to the soundtrack of the iconic rock track "Hocus Pocus" whose sole call-to-action at the end of the ad was the "SUNW" ticker symbol. And then it all imploded. That was when I started seriously learning about economics, history and finance.
I remember sitting in a diner one night having a coffee with a friend, mere months before the crash. Bullshit .COM's were getting funded all over the place and everybody else, except me it seemed, were becoming millionaires overnight. Read on