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Many builders add one or more layers of rigid foam insulation to the outside of a house to lower heat losses. Rigid insulation has an R-value of up to 6.5 per inch, but it also can be an effective vapor retarder.
Ed Welch touched off an extended discussion in the Green Building Advisor's Q&A section when he asked whether the foam would trap moisture inside walls, creating mold as well as the potential for structural decay.
His concerns seem well placed. In a cold climate during the heating season, moisture vapor inside a building is driven outward into exterior walls. When it reaches a surface that's below the dew point, the vapor condenses into a liquid. That surface is typically the back side of the exterior sheathing.
Rigid foam board, especially foil-faced polyisocyanurate, creates a vapor-impermeable barrier, so the wall would have limited drying potential. Even more permeable types of insulation, such as expanded polystyrene, are vapor barriers when the installation is thick enough.
No one argues this point of view more forcefully than Robert Riversong of Vermont, who has been building high-performance houses for many years. Riversong notes the exterior skin of a house should be at least five times as vapor-permeable as the interior. Yet 2 in. of extruded polystyrene insulation — the amount it would take to keep sheathing above the dew point in a cold climate — create an effective vapor retarder.
Further, Riversong argues that long-term studies have shown foam-clad walls have no way of drying out in the event of even minor rain penetration. He suggests there are better ways of increasing R-values and reducing thermal bridging, such as double-framed walls or using foam board on the interior.
He also favors cellulose insulation and other natural materials over petrochemical plastics because they are more forgiving of the inevitable moisture problems a house will encounter over its lifetime.
A common practice, but get the details right
The practice of using exterior rigid insulation is increasingly common as builders look for ways to increase overall R-values and reduce thermal bridging, the transfer of heat through the house framing. R-values of rigid foam range from 3.2 to 6.5 per inch, making it possible to boost energy performance substantially.
Building scientists such as Joseph Lstiburek of Building Science Corp. in Boston argue that if the foam is thick enough for the climate, the back side of the sheathing never gets below the dew point. Hence, no condensation and no moisture problems. Additionally, the insulation raises the overall R-value of the wall.
And Riversong's reservations notwithstanding, adding rigid foam insulation to the outside of exterior walls is a building practice that is probably here to stay.
Plastic vapor barriers sabotage this system
There are caveats. As senior editor Martin Holladay points out, it's important to get the details right. That means controlling the intrusion of water (rain and snow) from the outside and skipping an interior polyethylene vapor retarder so any moisture inside wall cavities can dry to the building's interior. "If your details are done right, a foam-sheathed wall will stay dryer than a conventional wall," he says.
Holladay provides an overview of the issues that builders need to focus on in a useful article, How to Install Rigid Foam Sheathing.
More insulation is (almost always) better
A key question is how much rigid insulation is enough, and the answer depends on what kind of foam is used and where the house is built. Holladay provides a table to help builders choose the right foam thickness in his article, Calculating the Minimum Thickness of Rigid Foam Sheathing.
There's some additional guidance on the question in Robust Walls, an article in Coastal Contractor by Ted Cushman.
Cushman leans heavily on the research that Lstiburek's company conducted, including years of computer simulations aimed at predicting moisture levels in exterior walls. In the end, Lstiburek's team came up with a fairly simple formula in which the average temperatures of the three coldest months are averaged to create a winter design temperature. The thickness of foam is then calculated to keep the condensing surface above the dew point.
It's not foolproof, Lstiburek admits, "but it's a very good approximation — it gets us 98% accuracy with one easy calculation."
In the examples that Lstiburek uses, for a house in Boston, Massachusetts, several combinations of wall cavity insulation and exterior foam would allow the house to meet current energy codes while preventing condensation inside the wall. Both 1 in. of polyisocyanurate and 1 1/2 in. of extruded polystyrene would work. In general, the colder the climate, the thicker the layer of rigid foam board must be.
Moving insulation outside the box
Ironically, the use of insulation in wall cavities along with rigid foam on the building exterior can actually increase the risk of condensation if the wall system is improperly designed. The reason is that cavity insulation slows the flow of heat outward and has the effect of keeping the back side of exterior sheathing cooler, thereby making condensation more likely.
This has led some builders to skip cavity insulation altogether and put all of the insulation on the outside of the walls, what's been dubbed "outsulation." Holladay discusses a technique called PERSIST (short for Pressure-Equalized Rain-Screen Insulated Structure Technique) that was developed in the 1960s by the National Research Council of Canada as an example of just how far it's possible to take the exterior insulation route.
PERSIST walls are framed with 2x4s, even in very cold climates, sheathed with plywood or OSB and then completely covered with a peel-and-stick membrane. The walls and roof are covered with at least two layers of foam insulation, up to 8 in. thick, before vertical strapping and siding is added. The peel-and-stick membrane is an air barrier, vapor barrier and water-resistant membrane all in one, and the framing stays dry in all seasons and climates.
Although the technique is expensive, it's highly effective. You can read Holladay's summary of the PERSIST superinsulation system in one of his blogs, "Getting Insulation Out of Your Walls and Ceilings."
Riversong has been building energy efficient houses for a long time, and he makes a strong case for a non-foam approach. He advocates "building envelopes that are tolerant of occasional moisture," as well as natural building materials like wood, cellulose insulation, straw bales, earthen plasters and natural paints.
Still, foam insulation added to a building exterior can do just what it's supposed to — improve thermal performance without introducing moisture problems. The key is designing the house as a system, meaning the foam board is part of the overall design and not an idle afterthought.


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Those real-life quizzes at Facebook are a marketing ploy. The answers are helping drug makers have information from the nine million people that have signed up and quickly clicked along the test. I am one of the sheep in the masses.
The quiz has 150 or so questions that cover lifestyle and family history to give users a "biological age." The RealAge people then offer users ways of getting the biological age younger by suggesting multivitamins, eating breakfast and flossing their teeth.
The quiz even has a huge endorsement from Dr. Mehmet Oz, a popular author and regular on "The Oprah Winfrey Show."
Guess who funds RealAge? Those crafty pharmaceutical companies pay the marketing company to send them the answers in an email.
That's right kiddies, we're all part of a marketing scheme that is helping the drug companies target the public.
But is that really so bad?
The bottom line is the quiz can give people a free way to learn how to improve their lives.
The New York Times reports:
"Our primary product is an e-mail newsletter series focused on the undiagnosed at-risk patient, so we know the risk factors if someone is prehypertensive, or for osteoarthritis," said Andy Mikulak, the vice president for marketing at RealAge. "At the end of the day, if you want to reach males over 60 that are high blood pressure sufferers in northwest Buffalo with under $50,000 household income that also have a high risk of diabetes, you could," he said.
The drug companies aren't getting personal information from those who take the quiz. RealAge is the middleman. That means that drug companies are getting unbiased information.
That's not a bad thing. Seriously, is it wrong for the drug companies to want to know the marketing information? We're not being paid by them but we do need their knowledge when we're sick.
Medcity.com reports that some health groups are not pleased with RealAge.
Peter Lurie, deputy director of the Health Research Group at consumer advocate Public Citizen has a problem with the way RealAge could use its patrons' medical information.
"Literally millions of people have unknowingly signed up" for the RealAge newsletter, Lurie said. RealAge "can create a group of people, and hit them up and create anxiety even though the person does not have a diagnosis," he told the Times.
In the end it's a personal opinion. If you don't want your information and thoughts given to companies by marketers don't take online quizzes. No one is twisting your arm to click their button. You have the power to keep the marketing companies in business or not.
Welcome to the age of the Internet!

subset: commoncrawl


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Additional file 6: Table S6. of Hyaluronic acid injection therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee: concordant efficacy and conflicting serious adverse events in two systematic reviews
2016-11-04T05:00:00Z (GMT) by
Comparison of AE and SAE categorization in our review and the review by Rutjes and colleagues [8]. Both articles categorized AEs as serious or non-serious. Our review also categorized by locality (joint, non-joint local, or other). Both reviews omitted some SAEs that were qualitatively similar to SAEs counted by the other group. Our review excluded events only that did not describe the type of SAE that occurred. Rutjes et al. omitted some events that were similar to events they did count as SAEs. (DOCX 38Â kb)


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If you had created something that had gained popularity across the world, would you stop working on it? That's what Satoshi Nakamoto, the anonymous founder of Bitcoin, did. People have many different theories as to why he did that. Numerous news outlets - like Newsweek…
If you had created something that had gained popularity across the world, would you stop working on it?
That's what Satoshi Nakamoto, the anonymous founder of Bitcoin, did. People have many different theories as to why he did that. Numerous news outlets – like Newsweek and Wired – have tried to uncover the real Satoshi Nakamoto.
Ideas about why Satoshi left the project goes all the way to the top in Bitcoin, like core developer of Bitcoin, Gavin Andresen. As he wrote on BitcoinTalk:
"Um… I haven't had email from satoshi in a couple months actually. The last email I sent him I actually told him I was going to talk at the CIA. So it's possible , that…. that may have um had something to with his deciding."
Before that post on the popular Bitcoin forum, Satoshi made a seemingly nervous post regarding Wikileaks accepting Bitcoin.
"It would have been nice to get this attention in any other context. WikiLeaks has kicked the hornet's nest, and the swarm is headed towards us."
Some people point to the fact that Satoshi knew he had a virtual fortune (literally) if Bitcoin succeeded. That's why he designed bitcoin to be divisible to 10-8, in case the high price became such it would make it hard to trade Bitcoin. Thus, Satoshi's apparent belief he could not remain anonymous, according to some, fueled his decision to leave the project.
People tend to believe that, although he used a Japanese moniker, Nakamoto hailed from the US or UK, in part due to his English skills.
However, if he were not from one such nation, he could be from a nation of Bitcoin persecution, such as Russia. Others point out that, regarding the fate of Bernard Von Nothaus, who tried to create his own silver-based currency, Nakamoto could face legal matters in the US. This is not entirely true as comparing the Von Nothaus project with the Nakamoto project are not perfect comparisons.
An interesting theory was recently presented by Theymos, who was given administration duties of BitcoinTalk by Nakamoto. According to the longtime R/Bitcoin administrator:
For some time, Satoshi lurked on various cypherpunk mailing lists. It was a little hobby of his, but he wasn't famous or a major participant. One day the idea for Bitcoin came to him. He wasn't sure that it'd work, but he was excited about it, so he thought that he'd give implementing it a try. In the two years that it took him to finish 0.1, new interesting facets of the problem presented themselves, and he was able to solve them. He considered a number of future use-cases, and added support for them to his software. When it all seemed to be working OK, he released it.
You have to understand that the ideas behind Bitcoin are not way out there. All of the crypto already existed, and even the idea of a block chain already largely existed in the form of git. Satoshi didn't need to be a mathematician, cryptographer, or master software engineer to come up with the ideas behind Bitcoin and then implement them.
In fact, I think that Satoshi might not have been much of a programmer before building Bitcoin. But he was dedicated and detail-oriented. Maybe he read a good C++ book front-to-back before starting on the coding, and then put real effort into following best practices (with a large amount of success, though some imperfection).
He didn't have a solid idea for long-term scalablity. He'd always planned to implement SPV in his client, but doing so looked like it'd take some major hacking. He'd had vague plans of auctions & trading systems built into the client, but he couldn't find a good design for these things. Etc.
Additionally, he was having to deal more and more with people, which he didn't much enjoy. Some people started to question his technical decisions, making it more difficult for him to make changes, and he couldn't always depend on miners running his code….
All in all, Satoshi probably felt like he was losing track of the project, and moreover he didn't see anything technology-wise that he particularly wanted to work on…
Most people forget that he didn't just completely vanish one day; first he left the forum, then he only responded to a handful of his usual correspondents via email, and finally he stopped responding to even these people.
In this telling, Satoshi lost interest or burned out on Bitcoin. The coding was possibly over his head and there were and are still critical flaws in the Bitcoin protocol left unsettled, underscored, for one, by the blockchain debate.
Some believe he might have gone back to contributing, but under a different name. There are possibilities that, one day, the true identity of Satoshi Nakamoto could be revealed, though this writer doesn't believe any reporter should really follow the trail as it doesn't make a difference; thus is the nature of code – highly impersonal.
Some believe simply that Nakamoto felt the project could not progress with him still around, so he left, so that it could flourish without him in the picture.
Featured image from Shutterstock. Newsweek cover courtesy of Newsweek.
Last modified: May 21, 2020 10:34 AM UTC


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The impacts of environment modification are progressively noticeable, and also the climbing temperature level of current years is the excellent instance.
You might or might not have actually understood it, yet the climate has actually been taking place recently and also points are a bit various than when you were a child.
To do this, we evaluated the interactive map of the New York Times that demonstrates how a lot the climate has actually altered in your city contrasted to the year you were birthed. 23 years earlier, in Bucharest, the temperature level got to or surpassed 32 levels Celsius 18 days a year. In contrast, today we anticipate concerning 29 days a year when the thermostat gets to 32 levels Celsius, or perhaps a lot more.
The rate does not appear to reduce whatsoever. As a matter of fact, the days with heats will certainly remain to expand. By 2076, the typical days in a year with temperature levels over 32 levels would certainly vary from 38 to 68 days.
To see precisely just how points are for you, you can see the interactive map below.
Just how high the temperature level has actually been climbing recently
The year 2018 was the 4th warmest year in the background of temperature level documents. The document has actually been maintained because 1850, and also considering that after that the last 5 years have actually been the best.
The reason the temperature level freaked out is initially and also foremost the discharge of co2 and also various other greenhouse gases right into the environment.
According to research study studies, the future does not look as well awesome. The temperature level will certainly remain to climb as well as we might witness a temperature level increase of over 1.5 levels Celsius, around the world.


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Kermadec petrel, Pterodroma neglecta neglecta, AV099
home > Collections > Search the Collection > Kermadec petrel, Pterodroma neglecta neglecta, AV099
Physical Description
Study skin of grey and white sea bird lying on its back, with the body in a straight line with the head and tail. The head is tilted so the beak is pointing forward, and the beak is wide open. Legs are straight. Wings are folded alongside the body.
Field CollectionMeyer Islands
MeasurementsMaximum dimensions (H x W x D): 70 x 95 x 425mm
All Rights Reserved


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Today the Arctic Council is meeting in Alaska and the United States is preparing to hand over the reins to Finland. All eyes are on Russia, which is investing US$180 billion in the Arctic region, and at an event in London the Finns have promised to broker peace and prosperity in the Far North.
"There will be no Cold War in the Arctic," Pekka Pokela told an event at the Finnish Ambassador to London's residence which marked Helsinki's assumption of the role of chair of the Arctic Council.
His optimism may have been a surprise to some who have witnessed growing tension in the region.
Around 200 people protested Wednesday, May 10 against climate change outside the conference center where the Arctic Council will meet Thursday, May 11.
The United States, which has chaired the eight-member group for the past two years, is handing over the chair to Finland after a ministerial level meeting in Fairbanks, Alaska.
Russia's Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov is attending the meeting amid growing tensions in the Arctic Circle.
"Russia has special interests in the Arctic region, where virtually all aspects of its national security are concentrated.
"Major international players are now focusing on the Arctic more actively. This leads to rivalry and clashes of interests and ambitions of various countries, including those from beyond the Arctic region," the Russian Foreign Ministry said on its website.
Around US$400 billion is being invested in the Arctic region, with the lion's share of that coming from Russia.
According to a report by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program, findings indicate that the Arctic Ocean could be largely free of sea ice in summer in only two decades.
Already shipping companies are seeing the attraction of using the Northern Sea Route — sometimes called the North-East Passage — which allows vessels to cut two weeks off the journey between Europe and Asia.
There is massive potential for "blue growth" in the Arctic.
Pokela, a business consultant who was commissioned by the British government to explore opportunities for Britain in the Arctic, said Russia had opened six new military bases in the Arctic region, was opening up rivers like the Ob and the Yenisei to navigation and was investing heavily in energy and mining in Siberia and the Arctic.
He also pointed out they were planning a floating nuclear power plant at Pevek, which is due to come into operation next year.
Later Pokela told Sputnik why he was so optimistic about relations between Russia and other countries in the Arctic:
"At the Arctic Economic Council's recent meeting, Mr. Lavrov said he welcomed and supported it. It's positive to have a dialogue on Arctic initiatives at the moment. It's warmer there than in other parts of the world. For example, there are no practical tensions between Norway and Russia over oil and gas boundaries. That has been agreed a few years ago."
But he said the sanctions which had been imposed on Russia were preventing economic and scientific co-operation between Arctic countries.
In 2014, Rosneft and ExxonMobil jointly discovered oil in the Kara Sea, but the American company was forced to pull out after sanctions were introduced and Pokela said the Trump administration had recently refused ExxonMobil's request to reconsider.
In November, the Paris Agreement on climate change came into force.
The deal, ratified by 111 countries, aims to limit global average temperatures to less than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial level.
President Trump has threatened to withdraw the US from the agreement and this week he received a call from France's new President, Emmanuel Macron, in which they discussed climate change.
At the Arctic Forum in Arkhangelsk in March, Putin said Russia would respect the Paris Agreement just as it had abided by the Kyoto protocols. He said, after a visit to the Franz Josef Land archipelago: "Our scientists told me they have been observing the constant melting of snows and glaciers there which the Finnish president (Sauli Niinisto) mentioned and this a sign that climate change is bringing more favorable conditions to develop the economic potential of this region."
At the same meeting Putin said: "Russia believes there is no potential for conflicts in the Arctic region."
Mr. Harri Maki-Reinikka, Finland's Ambassador for Northern Policies, told Sputnik that whatever the cause of climate change there was a need for mutual co-operation in the Arctic and he cited the danger from black carbon, or soot, from the flaring of waste natural gas.US plans to flood Afghanistan with American troops soon


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Green Carpet Cleaning St. Peters
Carpet Cleaning St. Peters Residents Trust
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Our price includes a complete clean, every time. Each cleaning includes our citrus-based pre-spray and our steam cleaning and extraction. We remove spots, dirt, and grime from your carpets, and use our Speed Dry process to dry your carpets in just 4-6 hours.
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We'd love to help you with your next carpet cleaning – give us a call at (314) 888-9750.


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Designer: Ryan Doffek
Artists: Davy Wagnarok
Publisher: Zafty Games
Year Published: 2018
No. of Players: 2-4
Ages: 13+
Playing Time: 15-20 Minutes
Find more info on BoardGameGeek.com
"The key to successful leadership is influence, not authority."
From the publisher:
In Somnium: Rise of Laputa, you are a monarch competing for political dominance over a newly discovered floating continent. Use your influence to attract nobility to your cause, while deploying spies, propagandist, and assassins to sabotage your rivals. The first monarch to reach 20 influence becomes the sovereign ruler of Laputa.
Merriam-Webster defines influence as the power or capacity of causing an effect in indirect or intangible ways. Do you have what it takes to wield your influence and become king/dictator/benovolent overlord? I think you can decide whatever title you like because to the victor belong the spoils.
Merriam-Webster defines influence as the power or capacity of causing an effect in indirect or intangible ways. Do you have what it takes to wield your influence and become king/dictator/benovolent overlord? I think you can decide whatever title you like because to the victor belong the spoils.
Rules and Setup:
Shuffle all the cards together and give each player three cards. Place the rest of the deck within the reach of all players.
Tableau Building
Game Play:
On your turn you should first check any characters you have in play that have recurring effects; these are denoted by a full circle in the bottom right corner. Then play one card from your hand and resolve its effects. At the end of your turn you draw back up to three cards (some cards will give you the ability to play more than one card from your hand). The game ends immediately when one player gains 20 influence.
Artwork and Components:
The art gives me the vibe of alien steampunk anime. I fully expected to put the title in on Crunchyroll or Netflix and find a twelve-part series (spoiler alert: I did not). The tokens are double-thick so they are very easy to grab from the table. I wish more games had these thicker tokens. Flavor text on the bottom is short, but gives a good idea of the personality of the character.
The Good:
Straightforward rules. It is very easy to teach and play.
The Bad:
Because each player is drawing from the same deck, there will be times where there is nothing you can do and just lose because of a bad draw.
Final Thoughts:
I enjoy a game that has variable win conditions. This game has a second win condition where if you control the prince and the princess you win, which gives you a little bit of a chance to get a sneaky victory. You have to really pay attention to your own tableau, as there will be times when you have several cards on the table and you need to remember their active abilities. I suggest putting the recurring ability cards in a separate spot on the table. I also wish that, for theme, the temptress lured one card from the opposing player. This is a nice filler game, but I would recommend playing it as a best-of-3 or a best-of-5 to eliminate the "bad round" that can occur. Also, the game is listed as 13+, but I could easily see 10+ being able to play this.
Players Who Like:
Tableau building, take-that, variable card abilities.
James Freeman - Reviewer
James is a child of the 80's he grew playing D&D and Stratego. He currently owns more games than his understanding wife of 20+ years thinks he should. James lives in Buffalo, New York with his previously mentioned wife, 2 teenage kids and one Havanese dog. Also, if someone outside of Buffalo says they serve buffalo wings, they are lying.
See James's reviews HERE.
Somnium - Rise Of Laputa Review Reviewed by James Freeman on February 04, 2019 Rating:


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Today I Bottomed for a Hot Basketball Player and Now My Whole Life Makes Sense Again (You Have 304 New Messages)
MY god.
Just had an amazing hook up and I don't meant to be, like, that guy
...but I'm no longer depressed.
It's not that I'm no longer depressed because I got laid... but it's like... I sort of get it now??? And all it took was some dick to get me there.
But not just any dick. Hot basketball player dick. Dick that is WAY out of my league.
But I got it. And he was, like... happy. Like it was great for BOTH parties.
I hear you. "What the absolute FUCK does this have to do with you being depressed?
"Because you being depressed was never about a dry spell with guys, it was about a dry spell with writing and creative progress and growing an audience and blah blah blah"
This guy has been trying to hook up with me forever. And vice versa.
But it just didn't work out for a couple of different reasons.
At first when he hit me up he was looking for something tooooootally different than what I go for in a hook up or FWB or whatever.
So it was a full NEXT.
But then, like, because he's the hottest guy ever we kept hitting each other up and still nothing was happening.
Like, one of us would ghost the other, or one of us would say something that the other one was like, "eh, this isn't what I'm looking for," and then we'd move on.
But then today it happened.
And it was AMAZING.
Like, it was EXACTLY what I look for in a hook up!
And from what I could tell from his end, he felt the same way.
We were so in sync that he was able to actually navigate that tricky area where like you know what someone wants better than what they're actually saying. Like, not just in terms of going further with something but in terms of backing off of something they say they're comfortable with as well. UGH!!!! Amazing.
Also, not to segue, but the entire bottoming segment was actually about me for once which was crazy and afterwards we laid down and he napped and he snored like a purring lion and twitched in his sleep like a 4th grader desperately trying to block in Mortal Kombat.
It was adorable.
ANYWAY. Back on track.
The whole point of all of this is not to brag (though, again: Super tall, super hot, perfect body.)
But INSTEAD to say... We both thought it wasn't going to work... And then all it took was us being in the right place at the right time.
And it might've been frustrating waiting to get to that right place right time, but it was worth it in the end. And it worked out in the end.
(And he worked me out in the end. SORRY, I'll stop.)
But, like, this translates to everything for me. I can't be frustrated that what I'm doing isn't delivering results, or that people don't seem to like it or care about it right now.
Because maybe right now isn't the right time for them to enjoy it.
And that doesn't mean that the work I'm doing isn't worth it, or isn't good.
It just means that I need to keep going at it, keep working at it, keep writing what I'm writing and putting it out into the world
and then eventually a hot guy with nice biceps will come along and top my writing, and it'll be beautiful.
Which, I guess technically I could've sped up this whole epiphany by just paying attention to that "Truth Hurts" meme on twitter.
But it's just such a huge time sink to get invested in any Lizzo meme
because then every time I see it I have to go listen to her entire discography three times in a row.
And I just don't have that kind of time now that I figured everything out again.
Leave a Reply.
Ryan C. Robert
Ryan C. Robert is the writer of multiple comedy blogs, most of which are satirical and self-deprecating. He writes about his life in his personal essay series "Before Color," parodies cooking blogs in "Trish's Dishes" and posts writing prompts every single day.
January 2019
Copyright © 2015


text:
Please complete the form below to indicate your desire to volunteer the Fox Valley Humane Association. After submitting your application you must attend a New Volunteer Orientation. Applications must be submitted before attending orientation so they can be processed beforehand. See our Volunteer Trainings page for the schedule of upcoming orientations, and remember to check the website for any schedule changes before coming to orientation. If you prefer to mail in a paper application, you may download the Volunteer Application.
To complete an adult volunteer application click here.


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I own this stock of Ag Growth International (TSX-AFN, OTC-AGGZF). I bought this stock in October and December of 2011. Since then the stock has gone down and my total return is some 0.68%, with a capital loss of 6.18% and dividends of 6.86%. This is quite different from last May when I reported on this stock. At that time the stock was up considerably. This stock is connected with agriculture, so I would expect the earnings and cash flows to be volatile. This is another stock that was an income trust and has converted to a corporation.
Until 2011, this stock has a fairly good record of dividend increases. It has not raised dividend since 2011, but interestingly, it is still on the Dividend Aristocrats Index. The 5 and 10 year growth in dividends is at 7.4% and 15% per year, respectively. I expect that dividend growth will moderate now that this company is a corporation.
The 5 year median Dividend Payout Ratios for Earnings and Cash Flow is 123% and 64%. The values for 2012 were 175% and 87%. The expected DPRs for 2013 are 118% and 77%. This explains the lack of dividend increases lately.
I think that you can expect to earn money on this stock over the longer term, but I expect short term volatility. The total returns over the past 5 and 10 years have been 5.77% and 24.47% per year. The dividend portion of this return was at 6.75% and 11.18% per year over the past 5 and 10 years. The capital loss over the past 5 years was 0.98% and the capital gain over the past 10 years 13.29%.
The outstanding shares have decreased by 0.54% per year over the past 5 years. The outstanding shares have increased by 3% per year over the past 10 years. The shares have increased due to Debenture conversions, Stock Options and share issues. They have decreased due to buy backs.
Revenue has been increasing quite nicely under this company. Revenues are up by 19% per year over the past 5 and 10 years. Revenue per share is up by 20% and 16% per year over the past 5 and 10 years.
The growth of Earnings per Share is not as good as revenue, with growth in EPS at 5.3% and 1.5% per year over the past 5 and 10 years. However, looking at 5 year running averages, the growth in EPS over the past 4 years is 11% per year. Since accounting published only goes back to 2004, I have no 5 year running averages longer than 4 years.
The growth in Cash Flow per Share is also not as good as revenue, with 5 and 10 years growth at 5.3% and 3.9% per year. The 5 year running average growth over the past 4 years is also better than the 5 year growth, with growth at 13.9% per year.
The Return on Equity is fine at 9.3% for 2012. However, the 5 year median is better at 17.1%. The ROE on comprehensive income is similar in 2012 at 8.9%. The difference between net income and comprehensive income can vary a lot for this company.
The debt ratios on this company can be quite good. The current Liquidity Ratio is 3.42. The Debt Ratio at 1.97 is not quite as strong, but it is high. The current Leverage and Debt/Equity Ratios are fine at 2.09 and 1.06.
As I said previously, this company has connection with agriculture, so it will have volatility in earnings and cash flow. I expect to earn money on this company over the longer term. The current dividend yield is relatively high at 6.89% and I would expect that it was come down to between 4 and 5% in the future. See my spreadsheet at hse.htm.
Ag Growth is a leading North American manufacturer of portable grain handling equipment, consisting of augers, belt conveyors, grain drying, fencing, post-hole augers, and other ancillary grain handling accessories. This company has 1,400 dealers and distributors in Canada and the United States. Its web site is here Ag Growth.
This blog is meant for educational purposes only, and is not to provide investment advice. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. See my website for stocks followed and investment notes. Follow me on Twitter or StockTwits.


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I'm sorry to say that Gitta, the owner of Gitta's, which is just outside Toronto, has died. I understand she battled cancer for quite a while now.
Gitta's is well known for silk gauze and charts especially done for silk gauze, but they carried a lot of everything. I am sorry to hear that their founder has joined the stitching angels.
UPDATE: I am told Gitta's daughter will probably keep her shop open, which is good news. I finally got around to finding photographs of two ANG Seminar exhibit winners worked from Gitta's charts. I think there are more but there aren't photos of all the winners on the ANG site. Look for Pat Dowse's bowl of red poppies.
Then there is the vase of lilacs design by Jeanne Wesline.
Beautiful work and beautiful stitching. Thank you, Gitta.
Written by Jane/Chilly Hollow
Blogging at http://chillyhollownp.blogspot.com
and at http://chstitchguides.blogspot.com
@ Copyright 2013 Jane M. Wood. All rights reserved.
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Thursday, June 20, 2013
Breaking News: Gitta Has Left Us UPDATED
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If you are not familiar with The Waffle House restaurant, then you must live under a rock! I have been going to Waffle House since I was in diapers. This place is the Holy Grail for many Southerners. You can meet all sorts of interesting and funny people here. You can also see some of the strangest things on the planet!
For those three of you that have never been to a Waffle House, they serve quick food 24 hours a day 7 days a week. You can go in at any time and get anything on the menu, 'cause it is always the same. I even ate Thanksgiving dinner at a Waffle House when I was a kid. They do not serve turkey, just FYI. BUT, they serve hash browns that come "smothered, covered, chucked, diced, peppered, capped, topped and country."
I can recall my mom having a particular attachment to the several Waffle Houses near our home. If you have ever visited Georgia, you know that you cannot throw a rock without hitting a Waffle House. It was so popular when I was a kid, that they built two Waffle Houses at the same exit! One for each direction from the interstate.
At the location that my mom seemed to frequent was the hang out for the Sears Department Store appliance repair men. There would be as many as 10 of them, at any given time, eating breakfast at 10:00 am and slowly drinking coffee. Maybe this is why Sear went out of business, as their repair men were always at the Waffle House. It actually became a running joke that if you did not know where the Sears guy was, check the Waffle House on Lawrenceville Highway. True fact.
Waffle House has provided a place for "good food, fast" for every walk of life. The things that make Waffle House so special are too many to count. However, the one rule I have observed is this, you walk into a Waffle House and you are the same as everyone else! There are no class wars, no one is treated any less Southern than another and you always get called sweet names such as sugar, honey, precious and the like. You can be the president or a vagrant, but here is a place you are always treated kindly and with a little dash of Southern love.
This "love" can come to an abrupt halt, if you lose your manners. I was once at a Waffle House when a batch of rowdy, "mouthing off" boys came into the restaurant. They were strutting their stuff and causing a bit of a raucous in the place. The boys got seated and the waitress came over to take their order.
Now, in most restaurants, I would call a waitress a server. However, to true Southern fashion, a Waffle House "waitress" is a badge of honor. Being a "waitress" at Waffle House is not an easy job, by any means. You have to put up with over the road truckers, drunk people at 2:00 am that can't read the menu because they can't see it, deal with flirting customers that find themselves overly appealing and some people are lousy tippers!
Anyway, back to the boys. These dingle-berry-butts proceed to start "talkin' sass" to the waitress. I could not hear what they were saying, but I saw the waitress walk over to the table with a smile and gave a "how ya'll" in greeting. In less than 15 seconds, the smile faded from her face and the dark clouds of "bad manners" trailed across her brow. This was not going to bode well for the boys. Trust me. As the waitress's patience began to dwindle, I called out for my check to pay in order to get the hell out. This was not my first rodeo at a Waffle House.
However, I was unable to move from my seat, like I had a magnet on my butt that held me to the formica seat bench. This was going to be a complete train wreck and I was rubber neckin' on the show down to come. I already knew who would win, but I had to see the "race" to the finish line for myself. In true Southern style, I kept my eyes wide open and my mouth closed shut!
The waitress finally reaches her volcanic breaking point with these bozo's. She says nothing as she slowly walks away from the table without a word. Uh, oh. She walks to the back, out of sight into the kitchen room, then shortly, she returns to the table. She looks at the "little brat pack" and SCREAMS across the restaurant. "I WILL CUT YOU FROM TIT TO TOE." Did I mention she was also holding a butcher knife that looked like a machete. She had it raised in the air and was making mock stabbing motions to illustrate her possible course of action.
Pause to the story for comments. I did not run in fear or have any concerns for my own safety. You see, the waitress was only focused on the problem children in her restaurant. She had no intentions of scaring or harming anyone else in the entire restaurant. As we say in the South, she was protecting her turf. She probably would have done the same to protect another customer, if they were threatened. This restaurant is "their house", you do not mess with them.
Needless to say, once the brats realized who they were messin' with, they quieted down considerably and rather quickly. I do not remember, but I think they just got up and left. Good plan, Poindexter's. I assure you; the rest of the patrons were ready to spring into action if these boys decided to take this waitress "on." However, most of the waitresses I know do not need "back up", they can take you out a spoon!
Most people that eat in a Southern Waffle House conform to an etiquette. We take care of our own and we will fight to protect each other. If you come in with sass'n on your mind, we will change it for you, or "assist" you in leaving. This means thrown out on your ear, for those of you now familiar with Southern manners.
You can come to the Waffle house in a 3-piece designer suit with an entourage or in your pajamas and slippers. You will be greeted with the same smiling faces and given hot, delicious food. This is where you can "come home" and be with good people.
As the Cracker Queen, Lauretta Hannon always says, "Wear Mink to the Waffle House!" It is a "come as you are" party every day!


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A Migori woman is now under depression following the failure of the charms she acquired from Kitui witchdoctor to work as she had been promised.The woman is reported to have quietly trailed from Migori County to Ukambani so as to consult a witchery on how to fasten her collapsing marriage after constant theatric dramas of pointing a finger of unfaithfulness to her partner.She claimed the husband wasn't faithful enough to her hence her long journey to South Eastern parts of Kenya to affirm their relationship.
The witch consultant's high affinity to the witchcraft has turned the village tongueless after they witnessed her beloved husband having turned into a huge snake.The consultant confirmed that she was handed over the love potions by the witchdoctor that would tame her husband and direct his love to her only.She added that the witchery performed his paraphernalia and thereafter handed over the love charms to her.
The love seeker's attempt to use the charms following the doctors prescriptions on her arrival at home from Kitui turned into a shock on seeing her husband slowly turning into a snake.She couldn't believe whether that could happen but came to realize when her only life partner assumed the shape of a huge snake.Her endless trials to reverse the action proved futile since she had already followed the 'doctor's prescriptions' ready to have a better husband.
The woman is now living in a state of fear and desperation after her trials to get a motor car to Kitui has borne no fruits as the matatu drivers have refused to let her and the big snake aboard their vehicles fearing that something unusual right happen while they're keen steering to Kitui.


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"The Marlins are kicking in $155 million! And most of the public money will come from taxing tourists, so really it's the out-of-towners who will pay most of the tab! Yippee!"
You know better, right? If not, we've always got Neil deMause:
• The county will now put in a whopping $359 million for stadium construction and roads and utilities, mostly from tourist taxes. While the Marlins argued that tourist-tax money legally can't be used for anything other than tourism projects, the way the county got these funds for the stadium in the first place was by funneling off new tax money to pay for what the tourist taxes had been previously pledged to -- meaning the cost will ultimately come out of the county's general fund.
• The city puts up $119 million, mostly to build parking garages for the team.
• The Marlins kick in $155 [million] in private funds, a good chunk of which will likely come from the sale of naming rights, assuming there are still any corporations left to buy naming rights in the future.
• The team pays cost overruns on the stadium itself, taxpayers cover overruns on everything else, including the garages.
• The team gets all revenues from the stadium itself, paying only $35 million in rent (part of its $155 million contribution). The city will receive revenue from parking at the new garages, and the Marlins have agreed to purchase some of the spots up-front for resale.
So the public puts up almost exactly three-quarters of the cost, and the team gets virtually all of the revenues. That's not quite as bad as the Washington Nationals deal, but it's in the same, er, ballpark, especially when you consider that virtually all of the spending at the Marlins' new home will be cannibalized from existing spending elsewhere in Miami-Dade County -- unless you really believe that more people will schedule summer vacations to Florida so that they can see the Marlins play.
There has been a great deal written about the lousy economics related to stadium-building; it's almost always a losing proposition for the local citizenry according a simple cost-benefit analysis. Again and again and again, this is true. What I've never seen, though, is a study of why this happens, again and again and again. Is it because the ballpark proponents contribute money to -- i.e., bribe -- the local politicians? Is it because the politicians are driven to make their mark on things, and building a huge concrete playground for millionaires is one of the biggest marks one can make? Is it because the voters really do want to spend their tax dollars on those huge playgrounds?
I just don't know. We've got the numbers. We've had them for a long time. Yet despite the numbers, the playgrounds just keep getting built, one after another after another. So, now I'd like to see some of the psychology.


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Vera Wang
A fluid single brush stroke that gives off a "ray of light" feel is effortlessly chic, making this statement piece ($850; net-a-porter.com) the only thing you need to make an impression.
Raquel Allegra
Rachel Comey
This white top ($345; lagarconne.com) looks as though it was used as a blank canvas—literally. Subtly splattered paint hints at a shirt worn by a real-life artist who was hard at work. Swoon!
Swap out your tried and true blues for a funkier pair, like these multi-colored, paint-splattered jeans ($245; farfetch.com).
Cédric Charlier
Inspired by a collection of Jackie Nickerson photographs, this Cédric Charlier mini skirt ($495; net-a-porter.com) is a refreshing, street-style take on traditional art-inspired prints.
Cédric Charlier
Embrace this mixed-medium shift dress ($1,795; farfetch.com) and wear yours with structured accessories to balance out the freehand print.
Rebecca Taylor
Teeny tiny paint splatters lend a refined touch to this playfully printed pair of jeans ($196; shoplesnouvelles.com).
Clover Canyon
This photo print style ($370; farfetch.com) is a modern approach to tackling this of-the-moment trend. Look for a style with a sleek silhouette so that the print doesn't end up "wearing you."


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By Josh Speer / November 5th, 2014
Are you a point-and-click enthusiast? Does video game culture make you happy? Does the name Daedalic fill you with longing? If any of those are true, then you owe it to yourself to check out Randal's Monday, coming to Steam and GOG November 12th. This self-aware point-and-click adventure looks to have lots of great humor and fluid art, and should inject some vitality into the once prevalent point-and-click genre. Better yet, those of you who preorder it on Steam or GOG before the release date get some extra goodies!
For those who preorder Randal's Monday on Steam, you will get a free download code for the classic Daedalic game Edna and Harvey: The Breakout. If you preorder it on GOG, you get your choice between Edna & Harvey: The Breakout, Depoina or A New Beginning: Final Cut. Randal's Monday will sell for $24.99 and includes an extended interview with both Jeff Anderson and Jason Mewes, of Clerks fame, who both lend their talents to VA in the game. Personally I think the game looks to be pretty fun. Take a gander at the trailer and tell me if you agree!
gogPre-orderRandal's MondaySteam


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Job Description
Fast growing boutique trust company with complex structures and broad range of clients from Europe and Asia.
Excellent working culture with strong management team
Job Description
- Management of assigned portfolio inclusive of international trust, tailored products and complex structures according to company guidelines and standard practice
- Manage account opening, update of portfolio mandate; liaise with wealth planners on ensuring proper documentation and service quality
- Maintain close contact with client, advisors and related third parties (lawyers, tax consultants etc.)
- Process of new client onboarding; review client onboarding/kyc/due diligence documents, liaise with client advisors on documentation establishments; work closely with compliance team to ensure documentation requirements are in place
- Update changes in trust deed, information memorandum and client restructuring matters.
- Compliance control - annual periodic review and ensure all CDD are kept up to date for file records.
- Recognized Law Degree; STEP qualified preferred
- Good understanding of Trust & Fiduciary structures and legal/compliance requirements
- Minimum 6-8 years of working experience in a Trustee organization (bank or independent)
- Experience dealing with high networth individuals
- Good communication skills, able to liaise with clients from North & South East Asia; team player
Next Steps
Please send in your updated resume to firstname.lastname@example.com
All shortlisted candidates will be notified
*For confidential discussion on active opportunities in the Market within compliance function or find out more about this role - please reach out directly to Janice at 6597 5174
EA Registration Number: R1871479
Argyll Scott Singapore Pte Ltd. EA Licence Number: 16S8105


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Tagged: Sauron
Better change
It's disappointing that Mr Gorbachev is playing Saruman to Mr Putin's Sauron.
Conservatives on both sides find pleasure in Cold War. It makes their innate belligerence politically relevant and ethically viable.
A new batch of "Constitutional Conservatives" will enter Congress in January.
Among the new freshmen, for instance, is one congressman-elect who has called Hillary Clinton the "anti-Christ," another who has suggested Muslims don't deserve First Amendment rights, and yet another who has declared himself open to the idea of the United States invading Mexico.
Glenn Grothman (R-Wis.). Grothman will be replacing Rep. Tom Petri (R-Wis.), a reliable supporter of the leadership. Grothman is likely to be anything but that. The conservative firebrand has called for eliminating Kwanzaa — a holiday he says "almost no black people today care about" — and the Martin Luther King Jr. holiday. As if that were not enough, he has also accused the federal government of waging a "war on men" by promoting affirmative action.
Mark Walker (R-N.C.). Walker generated headlines by suggesting that the U.S. invade Mexico to limit the stream of undocumented immigrants crossing the southwestern border. "Well, we did it before. If we need to do it again, I don't have a qualm about it," Walker said about going to war with Mexico.
Ryan Zinke (R-Mont.). Back in January, Zinke declared during a campaign stop that Hillary Clinton was the "anti-Christ." On the same occasion, he insisted that "We need to focus on the real enemy," apparently in reference to Clinton.
These gentlemen will supply The Onion with headlines for the next two years.
Begin again
Why do film critics expect fictional (or fictionalized) stories to be documentaries?
Mr Putin has turned his lidless, Sauronic eye from Donetsk to Moscow.
Paul Ryan has put out another Republican Party plan to end poverty by regulating the poor, using vignettes that distinguish the "deserving poor" from the "undeserving poor." This narrative tactic, which substitutes ideological preconceptions of the neo-conservative imagination for facts about really existing poor people, has been popular among the big thinkers of the political right since Charles Murray's Losing Ground.


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Espinoza was aboard American Pharoah for his sweep of the Triple Crown. Espinoza won four stakes for California-breds on a single-day at Santa Anita in November 2003. The 44-year-old jockey began his career in 1992. Of his three Grade 1 wins Saturday, Gormley was the surprise winner. He was 10-1 in the FrontRunner, a prep for the Breeders Cup Juvenile on Nov. 5. California Chrome was 2-5 to win the Awesome Again Stakes and scored easily in a prep for the BC Classic on Nov. 5. California Chrome was the 2014 Horse of the Year, the year Espinoza rode him to wins in the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness Stakes. Stellar Wind, the champion 3-year-old filly of 2015, won her second consecutive Grade 1 race in the Zenyatta as the 2-1 choice. She beat Beholder, the three-time champion.
For the original version including any supplementary images or video, visit http://www.drf.com/news/jockey-espinoza-has-career-day-three-grade-1-wins
The victory marks Santa Clara's first West Coast Conference win of the season. Jones set the Broncos (10-7, 1-4 WCC) to a .249 hitting percentage on the afternoon. Five different players recorded double-digit kills, led by Sabrina Clayton with 17. Clayton hit .378 alongside 18 digs and a match-high three aces. Jensen Cunningham had 15 kills and led all players with eight blocks. Taylor Odom notched 12 kills and a .526 hitting percentage. Taylor Laugero topped all players with 20 digs. Hannah Troutman led all players with 19 kills for Portland. Cali Thompson had 48 assists. Facing a must-win situation in the fourth set, Santa Clara got out to a strong start by winning the first four points en route to a 9-3 lead.
For the original version including any supplementary images or video, visit http://www.santaclarabroncos.com/sports/w-volley/2016-17/releases/20161001su594f
Ready to Quit Your Job? Membership has benefits at Job.Dom! Details» Foreign Service Info Mgmt Specialists: Maintain U.S. embassy networks overseas. Peter fa Hun sac co Fi straorFinari Bella speranza di fare carrier velocemente. career management noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. recruitment and training service career move noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. Do you already have an account on one of these sites? ⓘQuesta erase non è Luna traduzione Bella erase inglese. Want to learn more? Spanish: Details» Foreign Service Facility Managers: Maintain U.S. government buildings overseas. We provide reliable, up-to-date, and relevant career information and job descriptions for aspiring professionals who are making life altering decisions about their future career path. career goal noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. professional ambition or aim career high noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. career ladder noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. figurative advancement in a job Peter works a lot of overtime in hopes that he can climb the career ladder quickly.
What.ou.ay not know is that the word career got its start in the world of medieval tournaments. Click here to learn more or request an application accommodation here . We encourage success based on our individual merits and abilities without regard to race, colon, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, disability, marital status, citizenship status, military status, protected veteran status or employment status. CAREERS.Borg wants to be your go-to resource for job search and career advice . Find a degree program that can help you advance your career Having the skills that match the job? http://www.blueridgefilmfest.com/davidlopezcity/2016/09/26/some-simple-information-on-recognising-central-criteria-in-osce-for-nhshttp://www.blueridgefilmfest.com/davidlopezcity/2016/09/19/indispensable-criteria-for-job-hunting-for-2015Department of tabor. Do you think that career girl will ever marry, have children and settle down to family life?


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Avni puts chicken pox marks on her face. Mowgli locks Avni's door from outside. Avni thinks she has to leave as Samrat must have reached. Neil comes there and Mowgli tells him that he will make him meet Jaan Didi. Mowgli asks Neil to open the door to Jaan Didi's room. Neil opens the door but finds it empty. Neil searches in the room but does not find Jaan Did anywhere.
Neil realizes that Jaan Didi has escaped from the window and thinks that only a criminal can run like this. Avni meets Mitali and gives a letter to her which is for the goons asking them who they area. Avni asks Mitali to take away Neil soon. DD meets Samrat and asks him who is Jaan Didi?
Samrat says that Jaan Didi is their friend and guardian. Mitali assures Avni that she will nab the goons. Mitali gets a call that the same goons were seen at forest road. Avni takes a rickshaw to forest road. Avni thinks that Dayawanti is dead so how can she come back.
Avni realizes Dayawanti is alive
Neil asks Mowgli why Jaan Didi wants to cancel the shoot. Saisha tries to call Avni. Avni sees a woman dressed like Dayawanti entering a car along with same goons. Avni chases the goons' car. Avni sees a rod with blood on it. Avni finds a trail of blood and follows it. Avni sees Mitali lying unconscious on ground. Avni wakes up Mitali and asks her how all this happened. Mitali says that someone attacked her from behind and dragged her in jungle. Neil tells the film crew that they have to leave. Saisha gets very upset. Saisha thinks she cannot let her love story end abruptly. Mitali asks Avni whether she is sure that she had seen the woman's hand burnt. Mitali says that she will investigate and find out whether the woman is Dayawanti. Avni is worried for Mitali's safety. Mitali says she will keep herself prepared next time for any danger. KK is leaving and Saisha has tears in her eyes. KK promises Saisha they will meet again. Saisha thinks that Jaan Didi is selfish. Saisha thinks she will do what she wants. Saisha gets into the trunk of KK's car. Neil bids bye to Tara and Sitara and gives a note for Jaan Didi along with a cheque. In the note, Neil asks Jaan Didi to accept the cheque for the sake of the kids. Mowgli bids goodbye to Neil emotionally. Neil tells KK that he does not feel like leaving from this place. Mitali tells Avni that this does not look like a simple case as Dayawanti is involved. Mitali asks Avni to escape from this place immediately. Mitali promises to crack the case. Avni hugs Mitali. Avni returns home and tells everyone that she never had chicken pox. Avni tells Samrat to call Saisha and Sunehri as they are leaving from there immediately.


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2533 EL Cajon Boulevard
San Diego, CA 92104
4698 Convoy Street Suite 203
San Diego, CA 92111
San Diego area gum disease dentist Gary Sigafoos, D.D.S. has extensive experience with gum grafting. If you're suffering from exposed roots or receding gums, we can help.
Our caring, professional team can perform the periodontal surgery you need. You'll once again be able to enjoy having healthy teeth and gums.
Dr. Sigafoos has extensive experience providing gingivitis treatments in the San Diego area. Bleeding gums can lead to more serious health problems if not treated promptly.
Our friendly, professional team will evaluate your needs and design a personal treatment plan. We'll help you have healthy gums and teeth for life.
New and safe sedation dentistry with San Diego area sedation dentist Dr. Gary Sigafoos means you can have years of dental treatments done quickly while you're lightly sedated, with little or no discomfort. If you've been putting up with discomfort, hiding your smile, or delaying scheduling dental work because you're too busy, your life is about to change. Make a sedation dentistry consultation appointment today with Dr. Sigafoos.
If you need gum disease treatment, San Diego area gum disease dentist, Dr. Sigafoos offers extensive experience. Unhealthy gums can be a risk factor for more serious health problems if not treated promptly.
Our professional team will assess your situation and create a personalized treatment plan. We're committed to your life-long healthy gums and teeth.
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Left untreated, sleep apnea can cause serious health problems, so contact us now to schedule an examination.
Zweig, Stefan I D.D.S.
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550 W Duarte Rd
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Walker, William A D.D.S.
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Cliff, William C D.D.S.
20700 Lake Chabot Rd # 201
Castro Valley, CA, 94546-5402
If you're having problems with TMJ (temporomandibular joint dysfunction), your diagnosis doesn't have to be guesswork. Your dentist or oral surgeon can see joint structures clearly and start your treatment with confidence.
You or someone you know may have had arthroscopic surgery to fix a knee, shoulder or hip injury, especially if the injury was sports related. But more and more dentists and are using this amazing tool for jaw disorders.
The arthroscope is a small microscope that is inserted into the jaw joint to monitor the surgery. We can watch closely as intrusive tissues -- that limit jaw mobility and impinge on nerves -- are cleared away.
Since the arthroscope is less than 2 millimeters, there's no need for sutures and you won't experience any scarring.
This procedure is done under general anesthesia and requires a short hospital stay. You may also need therapy to limber jaw movement. The good news is that patients who have arthroscopic jaw surgery experience almost immediate relief from their TMJ symptoms and a rapid recovery.
If you've fractured your lower jaw, it will have occurred in one of three places: where the lower jaw joins the upper jaw and facial bones; near the angle of the jaw; or in a vertical line between the teeth.
When the opposing segments of jaw are brought close enough together, bones heal quickly. New bone is actually generated between the two segments and the bond can be stronger than before the trauma.
We "wire" the jaws for the rest of your recovery. Also, the splinting of the teeth helps keep the jaws properly opposed. Healing takes about six weeks, during which time the wire remains in place. You'll be limited to a liquid diet and perhaps less animated conversation.
It's a good time to read that big novel and relax; let nature take its course.


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A Living Force : Andrew Inglis Clark and the Ideal of Commonwealth
Editor Richard Ely (with Marcus Haward and James Warden)
$28.50 (Paperback) / $60.00 (Hardcover)
This important book presents papers by leading Australian historians and lawyers on the ideas of Andrew Inglis Clark, and includes a selection of Clark's own papers. It seeks to envisage Clark in the context of his times. It ponders what is living and what is dead in his legacy.
Contributors include Andrew Inglis Clark, and Michael Bennett, Alex Castles, Richard Davis, Richard Ely, Guy Green, Michael Kirby, Alex McLaren, the late Frank Neasey, Stefan Petrow, Henry Reynolds, Michael Roe, James Thomson and John Williams.
'Clark was the primary architect of our Constitution.' - Sir William Deane
'[In this] centenary year Australians are reflecting as never before on the framers of the Constitution. Andrew Inglis Clark is by no means the most famous of these. Yet his life is interesting. His values are remarkably enduring. And his influence is increasingly strong.' - Hon. Michael Kirby
'In any appreciation of Clark's contribution it is understandable that emphasis should be placed upon his work as a founder of the Constitution, the sponsor of much reform legislation and the man who introduced the Hare-Clark electoral system to the world. But it should not be overlooked that as well, Clark was a poet, a very able barrister, a Vice-Chancellor and, according to some, the best sawmill engineer in Tasmania.' - Sir Guy Green
'The problems of race, nation and diversity which Clark had to deal with are still with us. ... In many ways he still speaks to our current interests and concerns." - Professor Henry Reynolds
Number of pages: approx. 440
Price: RRP $28.50 (pb) and $60 (hb) (incl. GST)
This publication is generously supported by grants from the University of Tasmania and the Tasmanian Government through the Centenary of Federation, Tasmania.
Proceeds from sales will be used to endow a prize or scholarship at the University of Tasmanian the name of Andrew Inglis Clark.


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Table of Contents
What We Did to Find the Best
Finding the top companies requires a deep look at each one. Sites that offered void followers and meaningless connections went down. Special attention focused on users' reviews. This helped filter those that offered clients a satisfying experience. The most important factors taken into account are the most looked at. These include main features, trust, payment methods, secure connection, ease of use, maintenance options, and customer service. Filtering these websites with the above criteria made for a great start.
In the Analysis of Each Company, We Ranked Them on These Metrics:
- Features Score (the number of apps, benefits, etc.) – 0-10 score
- Ease of Use Score (the ease of use) – 0-10
- Support Score (email, phone, chat) – 0-10
- Trust Score (the positive/negative reviews and comments relation) – 0-10
- Price Score (free trial, starter price, payment methods) – 0-10
After considering all the aspects, the result was a thorough revision. An average was calculated for each aspect, and their scores were combined. This allowed the ranking of each service. The result was a list of those that achieved a five-star rating. This is equivalent to fifty scores and first places. Below are the details for each one.
Best Places to Buy Instagram Comments in 2020
The following approach and reviews rely on objective information. Dozens of sites to buy comments applied to the test. The purpose is to save clients from making mistakes. Check out our reviews and those from users who have tried the mentioned website.
1. DigiSMM: Increase Social Media Reach
Metrics & Score:
This is a sleek and pristine-looking site. They have proven quality and service. Digi SMM stands for Digital Social Media Marketing. This tool provides a platform to help increase reach. They do this by improving media presence.
DigiSMM offers specialized assistance. Their focus is on Instagram. They promise to get those numbers cranked up in little time. Buying IG comments is only a part of what they offer. They include a wide range of other marketing tools. This company has built a reputation for success. It is safe to use. This service promises to get real engagement with real people. There is no chance for a purge to put it out of order.
- Professionalism
- Reasonable prices
- Good client support
- No sign-up required
- Appealing offers
- Not too complete
- Includes too few websites
Executives at DigiSMM consider that once you try the service, you will love it. Their delivery time is good, and the cost is reasonable. The offers are pretty appealing. Quality is one aspect that this company thrives on. Most subscribers show entire satisfaction on what they provide.
This company gives a special dedication to their connections. They build them relevant with their comments, views, and likes. This is a tool to look at. The quality of services, support, and how responsive they are, make this one a valuable option.
2. Plusmein: Gain Trust on The Profile
Metrics & Score:
One great thing about free is to be able to get free all the time. With certain restrictions, Plusmein allows 15 free Instagram followers every 12 hours. When the number of followers grows, it is time to buy custom comments.
The company offers comments for IG posts at an affordable price. They have several packages and one can tell their aim is starting brands. As with Instagram, they have it all pretty much covered. Clients can select from several Instagram packages. Plusmein has over 100,000 clients. They do not have any type of access to the user's account. This makes sense since they would not need it.
- Fast and reliable
- Offers continuous free service
- Trusted and safe
- Several packages to choose from
- Specializes in Instagram
- Not-so-effective customer service
- No guarantee
This company is only a little over two years of age. Notably, it specializes on Instagram only. That could be good news as it means it is dedicated. When it comes to followers and comments, these feel authentic. One just has to be careful that they indeed look authentic. Being their specialty, this one provides followers and commentators that feel authentic.
It is a trustable site where users can get started with the free option. It delivers at a fast pace and with no major issues. Customer service responds fast and is usually helpful. The site is fully verified and safe for transactions.
3. Poprey: Inexpensive Service
Metrics & Score:
Who does not like inexpensive comments on Instagram posts? Poprey has the support you need to pump up business accounts. The service is simple, sleek, and delivers convenience. This company started in 2018 in France. They offer free tests, fast delivery time, and even reseller discounts.
Without much pomp, this site offers available packages. It is important to realize that Poprey uses bots. They do not deny this fact, and that is important. These bots provide rather interesting features. They deliver comments in small drops. Once a client signs up and subscribes, comments and likes show up within 12 hours. Contact service only works through email, and they have a 30-day warranty. Check on the terms and conditions of this warranty before proceeding.
- Transparent packages
- Fair pricing
- Fast delivery time
- Secure website
- Warranty
- The site is relatively new
- They use bots
- Not many reviews
This one is a good fit for small startups. It is a great option for small businesses to grow without breaking the bank. Prices are low in comparison to the other companies on this list.
Two remarkable features of this one are simplicity and efficiency. The company admits to using bots. But it backs up a 30-day money-back warranty. This provides the peace of mind of observable results. The offers are limited to Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok. The service used to include other social sites. Perhaps they are aiming to focus their benefits.
4. Skweezer: Get active Instagram Followers
Metrics & Score:
Skweezer is a great tool to get custom-made comments. They specialize in Instagram growth. This website delivers a good service at a low cost. The promises are instant delivery and a guarantee of positive engagement.
They offer other basic Instagram services. The price for buying comments is quite affordable. This tool has over 7,000 clients. It has delivered over a million orders. Not only it engages audiences with comments, likes, and views. It offers an Instagram Verified Package. Applicants must take a free test to become eligible. This service is verified and safe.
- Secure website
- Good customer service
- Very well reviewed
- Instagram-verified package
- Fast results guaranteed
- 24/7 support is lacking
- Poor off-site reviews
Skweezer has added a feature with active followers. These will automatically like posts as they upload. The tool itself is one of the most trusted. It only specializes in Instagram. They will deliver good results as it is their focus.
It's a pretty affordable means to get close to organic commentators. This is a great tool for struggling companies. It triggers relevance and engagement. This service guarantees fast results. If a business is willing to run into such investment, this is a good choice. The monthly plan for active followers is a good addition to the Buy Instagram Comments option. It is well worth a try.
5. Mr. Insta: A Versatile Option
Metrics & Score:
Mr. Insta provides free and premium options to get comments on Instagram. The front page offers a variety of options. All of them aimed towards buyers having the richest engagement possible. It will not only offer comments on Instagram. It includes followers, likes, and views as well.
The site has over 100,000 clients. It is certified and safe to use. They can claim expertise in their business as they have been around since 2013 - a good place to buy real Instagram comments. It requires no Instagram login information and password. All it needs is the Instagram username. This is why they cannot follow or engage on the client's behalf.
- Highly reputable
- Good customer service
- Many years of experience
- Custom packages
- High-quality
- Unclear refund policy
- No replacement guarantee
Whatever the need for Instagram engagement, Mr. Insta has it. Whether it be followers from the USA or India, male or female, it is all there. The prices are affordable and are even available in bundles. This is a positive value for the money. It allows the grouping of packages.
Supplies and packages are versatile. Clients can even select gender-targeted options. This is a feature that stands out. This is a nice overall nice option to get real comments. Mr. Insta even gives subscribers the option to write their own comments. It is perfect when looking for rich engagement and positive connection.
6. AppSally: When Growth is Important
Metrics & Score:
AppSally is a corporation dedicated to offering businesses multiple marketing utilities. Hiring them is likely to give results. This company is serious about engagement and relevance. It achieves that through a variety of services, tips, and tricks.
So, not only will the company give out its plans to buy Instagram commentators. It offers specialized training on what they offer. In this way subscribers can trust their money is put to good use. In other words, AppSally will not simply deliver a number of commentators. They will ensure that these are relevant and drive conversations.
- 15-Day Warranty
- Real Users and No Bots
- Dedicated Support
- Relevant Commentators
- Mostly Positive Reviews
- Retention Rate is Not the Best
The prices for AppSally are on a high with respect to others. Their services, however, are top quality. Entities that have been around for a while will find value on this one. Those that are willing to invest in a marketing campaign like this.
It has positive reviews mostly. The company offers a 15-day guarantee that the accounts will not have droppers. They claim not to use bots, and the offer involves a fast delivery. This delivery means 250 Instagram followers in days, and 500 IG followers in ten days.
7. BuySocialMediaMarketing: Building up a Strong Presence
Metrics & Score:
BuySocialMediaMarketing appears to be in the business for years. A visit to their website proves that there are actual dedicated people behind it. It offers its help across most of the popular sites out there.
Despite the apparent long age, the website has not gained presence. Usually, there is a reason for that. Albeit, they do market themselves as popular. They claim to have thousands of subscribers. This domain has not established itself as a strong benchmark in marketing.
- Secure website
- Contact form-fill page
- Verified payments include Bitcoin
- A blog
- Automatic and custom comments
- It may have Instagram bots
- Client service is not 24/7
The prices are reasonable. This website aims at those that want to grow their company even greater. BuySocialMediaMarketing not only offers random IG comments. Buyers can get automatic and custom comments. It seems like the company is planning to include a new benefit. The idea is to include a website to be submitted to popular sites. Examples are Forbes, Entrepreneur, etc.
Customer service is relatively good. It is not available 24/7. But it appears like they are dedicated to helping in every way possible. Concerned about safety and protection? This service has taken the proper action with the verified payment gateways and https protocol.
8. Media Mister: Authentic Engagement
Metrics & Score:
There is one aspect that makes Media Mister stand out from the rest. This is the look of the followers. They look authentic and capable of being meaningful. The options for buying real comments for Instagram include automatic and custom.
This online marketing company has headquarters in Arizona, USA. They have been operating since 2012. Since then, they have grown to offer a plethora of benefits. Many of them with targeting options. When entering the site, one can see that it is clear and well-organized. Navigation is easy and simple. Users can select packages through a drop-down for every social media site.
- Followers look authentic
- Automatic and custom comments option
- 30-day money-back guarantee
- Clear and well-organized website
- Good contact support
- No telephone
- Sometimes slow delivery
The comments, likes, and others are customizable. Clients can customize the geographical location of followers/commentators. Media Mister works well for any person, brand, or influencer. The followers look authentic. So, there is no risk of fake-looking comments.
They have many options to buy, and each one has its extensive packages. This indicates that this company is serious about what they do. Their customer service, despite being a bit limited, does respond. It takes the extra mile to solve any issue.
9. BuzzDayz: Grow High in Less Time
Metrics & Score:
BuzzDayz is one website with a simple design. The first thing to notice is that the website does not offer an https address. This online marketing service promotes itself as a leading supplier of social media marketing products. According to their statements, they can boost their presence from day 1.
Its main features are the basic ones found in all the titles reviewed here. This service offers fast delivery of follows and likes. Features include express delivery of automated likes and comments. It offers 100% safety. The prices are especially low, and payment completes right after the free trial. You can try the one-time free before going full head-on with complete purchase.
- Combined Help/FAQ/Contact form page
- Cheap price
- Prices and packages are visible
- Custom packages
- Express delivery
- No https security
- Very few online reviews
This website is made for any type of Instagram marketer. When visiting, one must be sure that everything seems right. The prices are good and claim to be safe. Try using PayPal, if possible. This should not be a problem. The site offers very small packages to get started. It appears like they want users to dip in their toes only. Once trust builds up, client service will be responsive and solve issues.
10. Buycheapfollowerslikes: Experience and Quality
Metrics & Score:
This service has a lot of experience. They have managed to keep low prices and satisfying experience. As the name suggests, users get satisfying results at a good price. Buycheapfollowerslikes has been around for almost seven years. Being that long in the market helps build a reputation. When contacted, client service responds promptly. They are dedicated to offering the greatest experience possible.
As for results, they offer quick delivery. Once the order is complete, users will see followers and comments rain. The website is comprehensive and easy to navigate. It is original from India. There might be some weird grammar text.
- Retention rate is good
- Fast customer support
- Money-back guarantee
- Fair prices
- Lifetime replacement warranty
- No phone number
- No mail or email contact
The plans offered are pretty good compared to their competition. Prices are fair. The company offers a 30-day money-back guarantee. There are no complaints about this product. Buycheapfollowerslikes has a Lifetime Replacement Warranty. Any drop in the number of followers gets automatically fixed. If that does not work, they can be contacted. The average response time is around 6-7 minutes.
Their website includes an on-page contact form. There is no visible mail address, email, or telephone number. Once the service is paid, results will start coming up in 1-2 hours. This company is appropriate for all types of businesses: startups and seasoned.
10 IG Comments Providers We`ve Reviewed...
|Service Name
QualityRate (0-5)
DeliveryRate (0-5)
RetentionRate (0-5)
SafeRate, %
Our RatingFrom 0-5
|Mr. Insta
|Media Mister
Pros and Cons of Buying Instagram Comments
Buying Instagram comments can seem like a fishy practice. But sometimes, a business needs a boost in order to stay afloat. Lurking and engaging organic followers can take time. Just like any other practice, this has its caveats. Below are the pros and cons of buying comments on Instagram.
- Having comments on Instagram gives an image of relevance and success. Content will not always naturally engage followers. A boost in what comments to a post look like goes a long way.
- The content of a post wins relevance and scores importance when commented on. This produces an appeal to those interested in the topic.
- Just like with bought followers, comments can look fad and empty. This might not contribute to engagement.
- Errors happen. If a system uses bots, these can commit mistakes. The result is off-topic comments. This can be fixed with buying customized comments.
- Some services might take advantage of followers. Without knowing, they can spam real followers with unwanted content.
FAQ Section
What Is the Best Place to Buy Instagram Comments?
Most comments sellers have a positive value. They offer similar yet unique products and satisfying service. To get started with solid free commentators, perhaps the top choices are Poprey, Plusmein, and BuzzDayz. MrInsta and Instaboostgram have some not cheap options. However, you get what you pay for. The both deliver significant results.
Skweezer, DigiSMM, AppSally, and Buycheapfollowerslikes are definitely on the rise. They will help get the engagement required. BuySocialMediaMarketing is also a great choice but still struggles to become an authority.
Why The Need to Buy Instagram Comments?
As explained previously, getting engagement for a startup is not easy. Ideas are awesome and, business plans are laid out. But sometimes, one small mishap can turn everything to dust. Comments on posts increase relevance and jump them to featured posts. This works wonders to a business. Engagement means a business gets the chance to be real.
There is also the Bandwagon Effect. People will comment on posts that have comments on them. They just want to follow-up on the conversation. It is better than being the first to comment. To get the conversation started, you might need to pay for this first.
Does Buying Instagram Comments Work?
Experiences from businesses and even celebrities prove that it does. To many, this might look like a scam or cheating. But nothing is further from the truth. It is an effective action to boost social media presence. Plus, the idea is not to base a strategy on paid comments. The goal will always be to get real connections with real people.
Many businesses use this approach to kick start their online presence. They order comments to encourage organic comment and increase their presence. Businesses will improve their image when comments fill up their posts.
Are Instagram Comments Services a Scam?
No, these services are not a scam. They all deliver professionally and stretch only to lengths promised. Nevertheless, just like with any other business or product, there are scammers. These will try to lure in unwary clients. They make promises they cannot keep.
One easy trick to identify scammers is to check on their promises. They offer, for instance, organic followers. This is just not possible for most of them. Otherwise, they would be more expensive. At its best, these services have comment farms to pick from. Or maybe they have users they pay to. But, usually, they use bots. Some even use hybrid bots.
Can a Company Remove Bought Comments After Delivering?
No, once a company has delivered a comment, they cannot remove it. But it is possible to experience a drop in comments for other reasons. Confirm if the company will be able to respond to this loss. Some of them even offer automatic replacement of lost comments.
As for those comments that went missing, there can be many reasons for that:
- The user who posted the comment deleted it.
- The user who posted the comment was suspended by Instagram.
- Maybe he deleted his account or changed its privacy settings.
- This user was suspended due to a violation of terms of use.
The Final Word
Social media strategies involve all sorts of actions. To buy real comments is one of them. When a startup is rising, they need a good push. Once the followers are there, it is important to engage with them.
This is the next step in an up-scaling marketing strategy. Buying comments usually receive spite of many pros. But, if used wisely, it can render significant fruits. The sites reviewed here are on top of the line when it comes to quality. They were tested for scam and rip-off. They have good reviews, and all of them offer safe platforms.


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Hi all,
A quick update from here down under at the ISBE conference. Today is the last day, and so there is only one more session is to come and the Hamilton lecture, which will be held by Nick Davies this time, one of my personal heroes in the field of behavioral biology. Looking forward! Also, I'm pleased to inform you that Thomas Gosden and I gave a talk in the same session yesterday afternoon. Tom gave an excellent presentation of his ongoing work, to a very enthusiastic audience. I think my talk was well received as well, though that is of course up to the audience to judge, but at least there were plenty questions. (Tom said I did a good job ;) ).
I've been looking for an emerging theme at this edition of the ESEB, as in previous years conferences were often overwhelmingly about one subject ( a few years ago it was multiple sexual traits), but I am not sure there is one this year. If anything, it might be the question of why females mate multiply, from the particular angle of genetic compatibility. Also Nina Wedell's plenary lecture was of course along that theme. I am looking forward to hearing her speak again when she is coming to Lund! Marianne Wolfner also had a very interesting presentation about interactions at the molecular level between male and female proteins in fertilization. Also personalities has been pretty prominent, like the previous ISBE.
It's been a lot of fun, lots of varieties of talks available, though Tom missed quite a few of them since he had to write his talk (yes, the data were that fresh of the press).
We're both looking forward to some travel afterwards. Tom is driving up western Australia, and I'm going to explore the jungle in Borneo! Our life sucks badly, you guys enjoy your Swedish October…
Cheers, Machteld and Tom.


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A camping adventure is the best way to disconnect from day-to-day life and connect with the great outdoors on your vacation. While camping is a more sustainable choice of adventure travel, the impact on the environment is still ever-present if you haven't invested in the right eco-friendly camping gear to help lower your carbon footprint even further.
A cheaper price tag often influences our decision on which product to choose, but that low ticket price typically is for camping gear that isn't sustainable for the environment nor your wallet. No matter the season, camping products are prone to damage and wear after battling against inclement weather, which means cheaper gear will likely send you back to the store in no time.
If you've dug out all your camping gear and realized it might be time for an upgrade, become a more eco-friendly consumer with this selection of gear that will allow you to enjoy some conscious camping this year.
Camping stove
If your heading off-grid, the BioLite CampStove 2 is the perfect way to toxic fumes while cooking your favorite camp meal. This wood-burning stove is a great alternative to gas stoves and will allow you to cook with cleaner air—producing 95% less smoke than a normal wood-burning fire. In just minutes, you can boil water with any renewable biomass found in the campground, and the excess energy can be used to charge any electrical devices, stored in an internal battery and used for later!
Camping utensils
Avoiding buying and using plastic for a camping trip is a great step towards sustainability. In doing so, you're both cutting down on your plastic usage and protecting any wild animals from plastic waste being left behind on accident. The RePEaT Utensil Set by To-Go Ware is the perfect substitute for all of your cooking needs. Made from responsibly sourced bamboo, this set includes a knife, a fork, a spoon, and chopsticks, and it comes with a handy carabiner, so they can be easily clipped onto your backpack.
2-in-1 lantern and phone charger: stay connected with tech-savvy and eco-friendly camping gear
If you're out in nature, lack of light can be a problem, and finding a product that will last for the duration of your trip is vital. The PackLite Hero 2-in-1 Supercharger from LuminAid is the ultimate solar-powered lantern—both illuminating your campground, with its 300 lumens, and charging your smartphone simultaneously.
Before you leave, you can charge it via USB in just two to four hours via USB, and while on the road, all it needs are 16 hours of direct sunlight. This may seem like a long period of time, but never fear! The lantern can be clipped onto your backpack during the day to soak up all the solar power you'll need come nightfall. It's also water- and dust-proof, so no matter what type of adventure you're planning, lighting your tent or campsite will never be a problem again.
Fire starters
Starting a fire with chemical-filled, toxic fire starters can have a big impact on the environment, releasing unnecessary and harmful chemicals into the atmosphere and contributing to global warming. These Sweetfire Tinder Matches by UCO Gear are strikeable fire starters made from a sugarcane byproduct—an ingredient used worldwide as a form of renewable biofuel—and are biodegradable. The matches have a burn time of seven minutes, which is more than enough time to get a campfire started no matter where you're camping. This no-chemical product means you're also avoiding adding any toxicity to the food you're eating, making them an all-around win-win.
Sleeping bag
A sleeping bag is a true essential of a camping trip, and choosing the right one is crucial to guarantee a comfortable night's sleep and prepare you for the next day's adventures. This Trestles 15° Sleeping Bag by Marmot is designed for sub-par temperatures with synthetic insulation, has moisture resistance, and is lightweight for portability, but it is also made from 100% recycled materials, perfect for your collection of eco-friendly camping gear. You are sure to sleep soundly knowing all of this!
Curious to know more about ecotourism and supporting our environment while you travel? Check out these incredible upcycled accommodations around the globe for inspiration for your next vacation!