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Protection against disease-causing pathogens, known as immunity, involves numerous cells organs, tissues and their products. To able to understand the biology of immune cells (hematopoietic cells) and their role in an immune system, we have used several different methods, including transcriptome analyses, bioinformatics, production of recombinant proteins and analyses of some of them, focusing on the granule proteases by substrate phage display.
Hematopoietic cells express surface receptors interacting with the constant region of immunoglobulins (Igs) known as Fc receptors (FcRs). These receptors play major roles in the immune system, including enhancing phagocytosis, activating antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity and cell activation. A detailed bioinformatics analysis of FcRs reveals that the poly-Ig receptors (PIGR), FcR-like molecules and common signalling γ chain all appeared very early with the appearance of the bony fishes, and thereby represent the first major evolutionary step in FcR evolution. The FcμR, FcαμR, FcγR and FcεR receptors most likely appeared in reptiles or early mammals, representing the second major step in FcR evolution.
Cells of several of the hematopoietic cell lineages contain large numbers of cytoplasmic granules, and serine proteases constitute the major protein content of these granules. In mammals, these proteases are encoded from four different loci: the chymase, the met-ase, the granzyme (A/K) and the mast cell tryptase loci. The granzyme (A/K) locus was the first to appear and came with the cartilaginous fishes. This locus is also the most conserved of the three. The second most conserved locus is the met-ase locus, which is found in bony fishes. The chymase locus appeared relatively late, and we find the first traces in frogs, indicating it appeared in early tetrapods.
To study the early events in the diversification of these hematopoietic serine proteases we have analyzed key characteristics of a protease expressed by an NK-like cell in the channel catfish, catfish granzyme–like I. We have used phage display and further validated the results using a panel of recombinant substrates. This protease showed a strict preference for Met at the P1 (cleavage) position, which indicates met-ase specificity. From the screening of potential in vivo substrates, we found an interesting potential target caspase 6, which indicates that caspase-dependent apoptosis mechanisms have been conserved from fishes to mammals.
A larger quantitative transcriptome analysis of purified mouse peritoneal mast cells, cultured mast cells (BMMCs), and mast cells isolated from mouse ear and lung tissue identified the major tissue specific transcripts in these mast cells as the granule proteases. Mast cell specific receptors and processing enzymes were expressed at approximately 2 orders of magnitude lower levels. The levels of a few proteases were quite different at various anatomical sites between in vivo and cultured BMMCs. These studies have given us a new insights into mast cells in different tissues, as well as key evolutionary aspects concerning the origins of a number of granule proteases and FcRs.
Receptors interacting with the constant domain of immunoglobulins (Igs) have a number of important functions in vertebrates. They facilitate phagocytosis by opsonization, are key components in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity as well as activating cells to release granules. In mammals, four major types of classical Fc receptors (FcRs) for IgG have been identified, one high-affinity receptor for IgE, one for both IgM and IgA, one for IgM and one for IgA. All of these receptors are related in structure and all of them, except the IgA receptor, are found in primates on chromosome 1, indicating that they originate from a common ancestor by successive gene duplications. The number of Ig isotypes has increased gradually during vertebrate evolution and this increase has likely been accompanied by a similar increase in isotype-specific receptors. To test this hypothesis we have performed a detailed bioinformatics analysis of a panel of vertebrate genomes. The first components to appear are the poly-Ig receptors (PIGRs), receptors similar to the classic FcRs in mammals, so called FcRL receptors, and the FcR gamma chain. These molecules are not found in cartilagous fish and may first appear within bony fishes, indicating a major step in Fc receptor evolution at the appearance of bony fish. In contrast, the receptor for IgA is only found in placental mammals, indicating a relatively late appearance. The IgM and IgA/M receptors are first observed in the monotremes, exemplified by the platypus, indicating an appearance during early mammalian evolution. Clearly identifiable classical receptors for IgG and IgE are found only in marsupials and placental mammals, but closely related receptors are found in the platypus, indicating a second major step in Fc receptor evolution during early mammalian evolution, involving the appearance of classical IgG and IgE receptors from FcRL molecules and IgM and IgA/M receptors from PIGR.
Serine proteases are among the most abundant granule constituents of several hematopoietic cell lineages including mast cells, neutrophils, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. These proteases are stored in their active form in the cytoplasmic granules and in mammals are encoded from four different chromosomal loci: the chymase locus, the met-ase locus, the T cell tryptase and the mast cell tryptase locus. In order to study their appearance during vertebrate evolution we have performed a bioinformatic analysis of related genes and gene loci from a large panel of metazoan animals from sea urchins to placental mammals for three of these loci: the chymase, met-ase and granzyme A/K loci. Genes related to mammalian granzymes A and K were the most well conserved and could be traced as far back to cartilaginous fish. Here, the granzyme A and K genes were found in essentially the same chromosomal location from sharks to humans. However in sharks, no genes clearly identifiable as members of the chymase or met-ase loci were found. A selection of these genes seemed to appear with bony fish, but sometimes in other loci. Genes related to mammalian met-ase locus genes were found in bony fish. Here, the most well conserved member was complement factor D. However, genes distantly related to the neutrophil proteases were also identified in this locus in several bony fish species, indicating that this locus is also old and appeared at the base of bony fish. In fish, a few of the chymase locus-related genes were found in a locus with bordering genes other than the mammalian chymase locus and some were found in the fish met-ase locus. This indicates that a convergent evolution rather than divergent evolution has resulted in chymase locus-related genes in bony fish.
Here we present the extended cleavage specificity of catfish granzyme-like I, previously identified in fish NK-like cells. This protease has been characterised using substrate phage display and further validated by using a panel of recombinant substrates. A strict preference for Met in the P1 (cleavage) position, indicating metase specificity was observed. A screening of potential in vivo substrates was performed based on the derived P5-P3' consensus: Arg-Val-Thr-Gly-Met(down arrow)Ser-Leu-Val. Channel catfish caspase 6 was one very interesting potential target identified. This site was present in an adjacent position to the classic caspase activation site (Asp179 in human caspase 6). Cleavage of this site (hence potential activation) by the catfish granzyme-like I could reveal a novel mechanism of caspase 6 activation. This poses an interesting idea that the role of granzyme-like proteases in the activation of caspase dependent apoptosis mechanisms has been conserved for over 400 million years.
Mast cells (MCs) are highly specialized tissue resident cells that are often found at the interphase between body and environment such as the skin, lung and intestinal mucosa. To obtain a more detailed picture of the biology of MCs we have analyzed the transcriptome of MCs from different mouse organs by RNA-seq and PCR based transcriptomics. The results show that MCs at different tissue locations can differ quite substantially in transcript levels of several of the most abundant granule proteins even if they belong to the same basic MC type, i.e connective tissue or mucosal MCs. We can also see that transcript levels for the major granule proteins, like the various proteases and the heparin core protein can be several orders of magnitude higher than the surface receptors. This also applies for the processing enzymes involved in activation of the proteases and in the synthesis of heparin and histamine. Interestingly also is the almost complete absence of transcripts for cytokines in the MC populations of the various organs, indicating that cytokines only are produced by activated MCs. Bone marrow derived MCs are often used as equivalents of tissue MCs. We here show that these cells differ substantially in their transcriptome from tissue MCs. They show a transcriptome of relatively immature cells both with respect to the granule components and to the processing enzymes indicating that care should be taken when transferring findings from these cells to the in vivo function of tissue resident MCs. This latter finding also give clear indication for that additional cytokines are needed, in addition to the stem cell factor (SCF), for the development into fully mature tissue MCs.
Three different receptors that interact with the constant domains of IgM have been identified: the polymeric immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor (PIGR), the dual receptor for IgA/IgM (Fc alpha mu R) and the IgM receptor (Fc mu R). All of them are related in structure and located in the same chromosomal region in mammals. The functions of the PIGRs are to transport IgM and IgA into the intestinal lumen and to saliva and tears, whereas the Fc alpha mu Rs enhance uptake of immune complexes and antibody coated bacteria and viruses by B220+ B cells and phagocytes, as well as dampening the Ig response to thymus-independent antigens. The Fc mu Rs have broad-spectrum effects on B-cell development including effects on IgM homeostasis, B-cell survival, humoral immune responses and also in autoantibody formation. The PIGR is the first of these receptors to appear during vertebrate evolution and is found in bony fish and all tetrapods but not in cartilaginous fish. The Fc mu R is present in all extant mammalian lineages and also in the Chinese and American alligators, suggesting its appearance with early reptiles. Currently the Fc alpha mu R has only been found in mammals and is most likely the evolutionary youngest of the three receptors. In bony fish, the PIGR has either 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 extracellular Ig-like domains, whereas in amphibians, reptiles and birds it has 4 domains, and 5 in all mammals. The increase in domain number from 4 to 5 in mammals has been proposed to enhance the interaction with IgA. Both the Fc alpha mu Rs and the Fc mu Rs contain only one Ig domain; the domain that confers Ig binding. In both of these receptors this domain shows the highest degree of sequence similarity to domain 1 of the PIGR. All Ig domains of these three receptors are V type domains, indicating they all have the same origin although they have diversified extensively in function during vertebrate evolution by changing expression patterns and cytoplasmic signaling motifs.
Mast cells (MCs) are primarily resident hematopoietic tissue cells that are localized at external and internal surfaces of the body where they act in the first line of defense. MCs are found in all studied vertebrates and have also been identified in tunicates, an early chordate. To obtain a detailed insight into the biology of MCs, here we analyzed the transcriptome of MCs from different mouse organs by RNA-seq and PCR-based transcriptomics. We show that MCs at different tissue locations differ substantially in their levels of transcripts coding for the most abundant MC granule proteins, even within the connective tissue type, or mucosal MC niches. We also demonstrate that transcript levels for the major granule proteins, including the various MC-restricted proteases and the heparin core protein, can be several orders of magnitude higher than those coding for various surface receptors and enzymes involved in protease activation, as well as enzymes involved in the synthesis of heparin, histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins. Interestingly, our analyses revealed an almost complete absence in MCs of transcripts coding for cytokines at baseline conditions, indicating that cytokines are primarily produced by activated MCs. Bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMCs) are often used as equivalents of tissue MCs. Here, we show that these cells differ substantially from tissue MCs with regard to their transcriptome. Notably, they showed a transcriptome indicative of relatively immature cells, both with respect to the expression of granule proteases and of various enzymes involved in the processing/synthesis of granule compounds, indicating that care should be taken when extrapolating findings from BMMCs to the in vivo function of tissue-resident MCs. Furthermore, the latter finding indicates that the development of fully mature tissue-resident MCs requires a cytokine milieu beyond what is needed for in vitro differentiation of BMMCs. Altogether, this study provides a comprehensive quantitative view of the transcriptome profile of MCs resident at different tissue locations that builds nicely on previous studies of both the mouse and human transcriptome, and form a solid base for future evolutionary studies of the role of MCs in vertebrate immunity.
Serine proteases constitute the major protein content of mammalian mast cell granules and the selectivity for substrates by these proteases is of major importance for the role of mast cells in immunity. In order to address this subject, we present here the extended cleavage specificity of sheep mast cell protease-2 (MCP2), a chymotrypsin-type serine protease. Comparison of the extended specificity results to a panel of mammalian mast cell chymases show, in almost all aspects, the same cleavage characteristics. This includes preference for aromatic residues (Phe, Tyr, Trp) in the P1 position of substrates and a preference for aliphatic residues in most other substrate positions around the cleavage site. MCP2 also cleaved, albeit relatively low efficiency, after Leu in the P1 position. In contrast to the human, mouse, hamster and opossum chymases that show a relatively strong preference for negatively charged amino acids in the P2'position, the sheep MCP2, however, lacked that preference. Therefore, together with the rat chymase (rMCP1), sheep MCP2 can be grouped to a small subfamily of mammalian chymases that show fairly unspecific preference in the P2'position. In summary, the results here support the view of a strong evolutionary conservation of a potent chymotrypsin-type protease as a key feature of mammalian mast cells.
Mast cells (MC) are resident tissue cells found primarily at the interphase between tissues and the environment. These evolutionary old cells store large amounts of proteases within cytoplasmic granules, and one of the most abundant of these proteases is tryptase. To look deeper into the question of their in vivo targets, we have analyzed the activity of the human MC tryptase on 69 different human cytokines and chemokines, and the activity of the mouse tryptase (mMCP-6) on 56 mouse cytokines and chemokines. These enzymes were found to be remarkably restrictive in their cleavage of these potential targets. Only five were efficiently cleaved by the human tryptase: TSLP, IL-21, MCP3, MIP-3b, and eotaxin. This strict specificity indicates a regulatory function of these proteases and not primarily as unspecific degrading enzymes. We recently showed that the human MC chymase also had a relatively strict specificity, indicating that both of these proteases have regulatory functions. One of the most interesting regulatory functions may involve controlling excessive TH2-mediated inflammation by cleaving several of the most important TH2-promoting inflammatory cytokines, including IL-18, IL-33, TSLP, IL-15, and IL-21, indicating a potent negative feedback loop on TH2 immunity.
In two recent studies we have shown that three of the most abundant human hematopoietic serine proteases-mast cell chymase, mast cell tryptase and neutrophil cathepsin G-show a highly selective cleavage of cytokines and chemokines with a strong preference for a few alarmins, including IL-18, TSLP and IL-33. To determine if this is a general pattern for many of the hematopoietic serine proteases we have analyzed the human neutrophil elastase (hNE) and human proteinase 3 (hPR-3) for their cleavage of a panel of 69 different human cytokines and chemokines. Our results showed that these two latter enzymes, in sharp contrast to the two previous, had a very potent and relatively unrestrictive cleavage on this panel of targets. Almost all of these proteins were cleaved and many of them were fully degraded. In light of the proteases abundance and their colocalization, it is likely that together they have a very potent degrading activity on almost any protein in the area of neutrophil activation and granule release, including both foreign bacterial or viral proteins as well as various self-proteins in the area of inflammation/infection. However, a few very interesting exceptions to this pattern were found indicating a high resistance to degradation of some cytokines and chemokines, including TNF-alpha, IL-5, M-CSF, Rantes, IL-8 and MCP-1. All of these are either important for monocyte-macrophage, neutrophil or eosinophil proliferation, recruitment and activation, suggesting that cytokines/chemokines and proteases may have coevolved to not block the recruitment of monocytes-macrophages, neutrophils and possibly eosinophils during an inflammatory response involving neutrophil activation.
Serine proteases are major granule constituents of several of the human hematopoietic cell lineages. Four proteolytically active such proteases have been identified in human neutrophils: cathepsin G (hCG), N-elastase (hNE), proteinase 3 (hPR-3), and neutrophil serine protease 4 (hNSP-4). Here we present the extended cleavage specificity of two of the most potent and most abundant of these enzymes, hNE and hPR-3. Their extended specificities were determined by phage display and by the analysis of a panel of chromogenic and recombinant substrates. hNE is an elastase with a relatively broad specificity showing a preference for regions containing several aliphatic amino acids. The protease shows self-cleaving activity, which results in the loss of activity during storage even at +4 degrees C. Here we also present the extended cleavage specificity of hPR-3. Compared with hNE, it shows considerably lower proteolytic activity. However, it is very stable, shows no self-cleaving activity and is actually more active in the presence of SDS, possibly by enhancing the accessibility of the target substrate. This enables specific analysis of hPR-3 activity even in the presence of all the other neutrophil enzymes with addition of 1% SDS. Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell in humans and one of the key players in our innate immune defense. The neutrophil serine proteases are very important for the function of the neutrophils and therefore also interesting from an evolutionary perspective. In order to study the origin and functional conservation of these neutrophil proteases we have identified and cloned an amphibian ortholog, Xenopus PR-3 (xPR-3). This enzyme was found to have a specificity very similar to hPR-3 but did not show the high stability in the presence of SDS. The presence of an elastase in Xenopus closely related to hPR-3 indicates a relatively early appearance of these enzymes during vertebrate evolution.
Granzyme B is one of the key effector molecules in our defense against viruses and intracellular bacteria. This serine protease together with the pore forming protein perforin, induces caspase or Bid-dependent apoptosis in target cells. Here we present the first characterization of a granzyme B homolog, the grathepsodenase, in a non-placental mammal, the American opossum (Monodelphis domestica). The recombinant enzyme was produced in a human cell line and used to study its primary and extended cleavage specificity using a panel of chromogenic substrates and recombinant protein substrates. The opossum granzyme B was found to have a specificity similar to human granzyme B, although slightly less restrictive in its extended specificity. The identification of a granzyme B homolog with asp-ase (cleaving after aspartic acid) specificity in a non-placental mammal provides strong indications that caspase or Bid-dependent apoptosis by a serine protease with a conserved primary specificity has been part of anti-viral immunity since early mammalian evolution. This finding also indicates that an asp-ase together with a chymase were the first two serine protease genes to appear in the mammalian chymase locus.
In most industrialized countries, allergies have increased in frequency quite dramatically during the past 50 years. Estimates show that 20-30% of the populations are affected. Allergies have thereby become one of the major medical challenges of the twenty-first century. Despite several theories including the hygiene hypothesis, there are still very few solid clues concerning the causes of this increase. To trace the origins of allergies, we have studied cells and molecules of importance for the development of IgE-mediated allergies, including the repertoire of immunoglobulin genes. These studies have shown that IgE and IgG most likely appeared by a gene duplication of IgY in an early mammal, possibly 220-300 million years ago. Receptors specific for IgE and IgG subsequently appeared in parallel with the increase in Ig isotypes from a subfamily of the recently identified Fc receptor-like molecules. Circulating IgE levels are generally very low in humans and laboratory rodents. However, when dogs and Scandinavian wolfs were analyzed, IgE levels were found to be 100-200 times higher compared to humans, indicating a generally much more active IgE synthesis in free-living animals, most likely connected to intestinal parasite infections. One of the major effector molecules released upon IgEmediated activation by mast cells are serine proteases. These proteases, which belong to the large family of hematopoietic serine proteases, are extremely abundant and can account for up to 35% of the total cellular protein. Recent studies show that several of these enzymes, including the chymases and tryptases, are old. Ancestors for these enzymes were most likely present in an early mammal more than 200 million years ago before the separation of the three extant mammalian lineages; monotremes, marsupials, and placental mammals. The aim is now to continue these studies of mast cell biology and IgE to obtain additional clues to their evolutionary conserved functions. A focus concerns why the humoral immune response involving IgE and mast cells have become so dysregulated in humans as well as several of our domestic companion animals.
Serine proteases constitute the major protein content of mast cell secretory granules. Here we present the extended cleavage specificity of two such proteases from the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus. Analysis by phage display technique showed that one of them (HAM1) is a classical chymase with a specificity similar to the human mast cell chymase. However, in contrast to the human chymase, it does not seem to have a particular preference for any of the three aromatic amino acids, Phe, Tyr and Trp, in the P1 position of substrates. HAM1 also efficiently cleaved after Leu similarly to human and many other mast cell chymases. We observed only a 3-fold lower cleavage activity on Leu compared to substrates with P1 aromatic amino acids. Chymotryptic enzymes seem to be characteristic for connective tissue mast cells in mammalian species from opossums to humans, which indicates a very central role of these enzymes in mast cell biology. HAM1 also seems to have the strongest preference for negatively charged amino acids in the P2 position of all mast cell chymases so far characterized. The second hamster chymase, HAM2, is an elastolytic in its activity, similarly to the alpha-chymases in rats and mice (rMCP-5 and mMCP-5, respectively). The presence of an alpha-chymase that developed elastase activity thereby seems to be a relatively early modification of the alpha-chymase within the rodent branch of the mammalian evolutionary tree.
Human neutrophils express at least four active serine proteases, cathepsin G, N-elastase, proteinase 3 and neutrophil serine protease 4 (NSP4). They have all been extensively studied due to their importance in neutrophil biology and immunity. However, their extended cleavage specificities have never been determined in detail. Here we present a detailed cleavage specificity analysis of human cathepsin G (hCG). The specificity was determined by phage display analysis and the importance of individual amino acids in and around the cleavage site was then validated using novel recombinant substrates. To provide a broader context to this serine protease, a comparison was made to the related mast cell protease, human chymase (HC). hCG showed similar characteristics to HC including both the primary and extended specificities. As expected, Phe, Tyr, Trp and Leu were preferred in the P1 position. In addition, both proteases showed a preference for negatively charged amino acids in the P2 A position of substrates and a preference for aliphatic amino acids both upstream and downstream of the cleavage site. However, overall the catalytic activity of hCG was similar to 10-fold lower than HC. hCG has previously been reported to have a dual specificity consisting of chymase and tryptase-type activities. In our analysis, tryptase activity against substrates with Lys in P1 cleavage position was indeed only 2-fold less efficient as compared to optimal chymase substrates supporting strong dual-type specificity. We hope the information presented here on extended cleavage specificities of hCG and HC will assist in the search for novel in vivo substrates for these proteases as well as aid in the efforts to better understand the role of hCG in immunity and bacterial defence.
Serine proteases constitute the major protein content of mast cell (MC) secretory granules. These proteases can generally be subdivided into chymases and tryptases based on their primary cleavage specificity. Here, we presented the extended cleavage specificities of a rabbit beta-chymase and a guinea pig alpha-chymase. Analyses by phage display screening and a panel of recombinant substrates showed a marked similarity in catalytic activity between the enzymes, both being strict Leu-ases (cleaving on the carboxyl side of Leu). Amino acid sequence alignment of a panel of mammalian chymotryptic MC proteases and 3D structural modeling identified an unusual residue in the rabbit enzyme at position 216 (Thr instead of more common Gly), which is most likely critical for the Leu-ase specificity. Almost all mammals studied, except rabbit and guinea pig, express classical chymotryptic enzymes with similarly extended specificities, indicating an important role of chymase in MC biology. The rabbit and guinea pig are the only two mammalian species currently known to lack a classical MC chymase. Key questions are now how this major difference affects their MC function, and if genes of other loci can rescue the loss of a chymotryptic activity in MCs of these two species.


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Tommie Hoban's Watford future looks in doubt after he spoke about the injury he suffered while on loan with Aberdeen.
The Hornets' player damaged his cruciate ligament for the second time in under two years in February of this year and is not expected to be match-ready again until October.
With his contract at Vicarage Road due to expire this summer, Hoban said he has heard nothing from the club yet, but that he expected to hear from them in the near future.
Meanwhile, Dons boss Derek McInnes has offered Hoban a lifeline should he not be offered a new contract with Watford, by suggesting he would like to sign him on a permanent basis, a move which Hoban admits interests him.
"I haven't yet but will probably hear from them in the next month or so I would imagine," said Hoban to the Aberdeen Evening Express.
"Obviously the season is coming to an end but they have an FA Cup final to focus on at the minute.
"I am sure once all that is done I will hear something.
"But I haven't heard anything regarding that as yet.
"My time at Aberdeen was a lot shorter than I had hoped for but I really loved my time up there.
"I got on really well with all the boys and it is probably one of the best changing rooms I have seen in my time in football.
"Aberdeen are a massive club. You get to play Europa league football and they are always up there at the top end of the table.
"You get to play massive games against sides like Celtic and Rangers.
"There is definitely a big appeal to going back to Aberdeen.
"It was really nice of Derek to say that and if it was to come up it is something I would 100 per cent consider."

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Budgeting in the Redesign
Since 'budgeting season' is in full-bloom, we want to outline how to create your proposed amounts and how to apply them as initial estimates for the next year. To view a demonstration of the Budgeting process, please click here to see a recent 'Fridays with Fiscal' demonstration given to ITC Fiscal Support staff. For a more detailed step-by-step guide, please click here.
The Budgeting Process contains two programs:
- Scenarios: Allows for the creation of a budget scenario via spreadsheets which are then promoted to proposed amounts.
- Proposed Amounts: Once promoted, the budget and revenue amounts are displayed in the proposed amounts grid to allow for further changes. Once ready, they will be applied as initial budget and revenue estimates as either temporary or permanent appropriations.
The creation of a single scenario is sufficient. Special circumstances may require more than one scenario based on different assumptions. For example, you may wish to create a scenario for "Assuming Levy Passes" and another "Assuming Levy Fails".
NOTE: Once a scenario is promoted, any successive scenario that is promoted will overwrite a prior scenario's amounts. For example, you create a scenario for HS budget amounts and promote it. You then promote another scenario containing Elementary Budget amounts. The HS budget amounts will be removed and the elementary budget amounts will be uploaded. So instead of creating separate scenarios, we recommend creating separate worksheets within the same scenario.
Each scenario consists of one or more budgeting spreadsheets. A district may choose to use a single spreadsheet containing all accounts, or create separate sheets for different management areas. For example, you may create a sheet for the high school, each elementary building and athletics. Each principal or supervisor could work on their own portion of the budget. Once the budgets are completed they can be loaded back into the system.
Create New Budgeting Spreadsheets within the scenario
Click on 'Create' to create a spreadsheet within the budgeting scenario customizing the properties and filtering (specific account codes) you want included on your spreadsheet. Save the spreadsheet and it will appear under the 'Budgeting Sheets' grid on the Scenario.
Scenario Grid
You can then access the spreadsheet using one or more of the following options in order to add proposed amounts:
- Click onto edit an existing spreadsheet (must use the existing PA-XXXX column to enter your proposed amounts)
- you can add (insert) or delete rows in your spreadsheet
- You can use formulas to enter your proposed amounts
- If you prefer to enter proposed amounts and/or make changes to your spreadsheet via Excel, click on to download the spreadsheet into Excel. Once the spreadsheet is completed and saved, click on to import the spreadsheet back into the scenario
- Click on to delete an existing spreadsheet you no longer want.
Upload Budgeting Spreadsheets into the scenario
Use the Upload button to upload outside spreadsheets into your scenario. These spreadsheets may contain proposed amounts.
Promote a Scenario
Once a scenario is completed, it can be "promoted" to the proposed amounts field on the budget and revenue accounts. Promote includes all spreadsheets in the scenario
Proposed Amounts
Once a Scenario has been promoted, the accounts with associated amounts will appear under 'Proposed Amounts' under the Budgeting menu (below) as well as the Next Year Proposed Amount field under the Expenditure and Revenue tabs of the Accounts option under Core.
The grid contains separate tabs for existing 'Proposed Budgets' and 'Proposed Anticipated Revenues' amounts based on the fiscal year selected. You can:
- Create a proposed amount in order to add it to the existing grid
- View a proposed amount
- Edit a proposed amount
- Delete a proposed amount
Applying Proposed Amounts
Once all of the proposed amounts have been entered for a fiscal year, 'Apply' is used to apply all accounts as initial budget and initial revenue figures. Apply can be performed before you are in next fiscal year processing. The initial budget and initial revenue amounts will not be recognized or displayed until your current period is in the next fiscal year.
Transaction Types Include:
- Temporary: when checking 'full year', it implies the temporary initial budgets hold true for the entire year. If 'full year' is not checked, it implies the temporary initial budgets could change during the fiscal year (i.e. Levy passes/fails)
- Permanent: implies these are permanent initial budgets. Full year is checked automatically.
- Adjustment: when selected, it adjusts the existing budget amounts via additions/deductions. The initial figures are not touched. The 'Update the GAAP Original Estimate' amounts box defaults to being checked but you have the option to uncheck it.
- Effective Date: automatically defaults to the first day of the fiscal year selected when selecting temporary or permanent transaction types. When selecting Adjustment transactions type, you have the option of entering an effective date. The adjustment will not become effective until you are in that processing period.
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USPS-R Job Calendars
Allow for the creation, copying and mass changing of calendars. There is a Day Count Totals feature giving you totals for specific time periods as well as a custom date range option. Job Calendars are necessary before new contracts are created for an upcoming contract year. Click here for more information about Job calendars
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Just a reminder for those of you who have registered for the Redesign session set for April 23rd (prior to OASBO), the day will be divided into three sections:
The sessions will provide helpful hints. effective shortcuts, and report creation and usage techniques. The Panel Discussion includes treasurers and their staff who are currently on the Redesign. They will be discussing their experience with the migration and software.
The session will be held in Room C172 of the Columbus Convention Center. We have reached maximum capacity for the session so we are no longer taking registrations. We want to thank everyone who has registered for the session! See you then!
Redesign's Five Year Forecast
The Five Year Forecast program is located under the PERIODIC menu. It allows the user to extract forecast data for the fiscal year that is current.
There are two options available
For more information about the Five Year Forecast options, click here.


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Pheromone Deodorant: How to attract a girl: The secret behind hooking up with girls
As the old adage goes, there are plenty of fish in the sea yet guys, if you don't know how to get a girl you are virtually dead in the water. Even before you depart the port, do have a plan for you are going to land a catch? Do you know what will attract the one that you have your eye on? Is it the way that you gown or how you talk? Is it your sophistication or even aloofness? Most of the time, any one of these things could make or break a relationship, but there is one way for attracting a girl, that will help you regardless of physical appearance, eloquence, or artistic talents.
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Animals, the Intercourse Pheromone is Very Basic
Females utilize it to see males in which she is fertile and ready to carry young. Males may use it show their strength and so their ability to protect a family. In humans, nevertheless, these sensory chemicals are weak, which can be as a result of all of the fragrant soaps and cleaners that we use, distinct on the skin. This is, in fact, one of the theories as to why perfumes and aftershaves are essential.
Hobby Copulin: this is Some Other Well Known Human Pheromone for Ladies that I Really Like
It's the "pheromone fragrance of girls" and in case you are thinking why, let me inform you. Copulins are pheromones that ladies produce themselves. It's been identified in order to effectively attract males. In case you have ever puzzled exactly why males are usually so drawn in order to you throughout menstruation, then you've simply known the attraction of pheromones at its best.
Pheromones are strong attractants that are produced by human beings to be able to attract members of the opposite sex. Over the years these natural attractants have been created artificially and incorporated into sprays and colognes, and who have generally created the access and use of these attractants much easier. Shopping for pheromone products such as sprays and colognes can be done on the internet whereby multiple online stores supply easy and quick access to the products. There are different types of these kinds of attractants all of which have different impacts on human mating behavior. Further, there are different pheromone products for men and women and this is where online stores play an important role in guiding their shoppers in the process of picking out the right products.
Pheromones are kind of a secret weapon in the competitive dating scene as they provide sort of an unfair advantage by permitting a user in order to turn the odds of getting a date in his or her favor. More often than not, making the first move is the most intimidating part of the dating process. Nonetheless, with the effective use of pheromone sprays and/or colognes you may not have to be the one to make the first move. Using pheromone sprays and colognes is therefore arguably the most cost-effective way of increasing your attraction in order to the opposite sex.
- Men pheromones: this can be a delightful and complicated pheromone perfume that truly beckons the rapid consideration from men.
- It really is attractive, attractive and can make a regular evening time stay-out to be much more impressive than you might have ever imagined.
- In case you indulge your self in the fable world of Men Pheromones, you might notice elevated inhibitions and delicate sexual degrees from males.
Some of the most popular aromas for men're cozy seasoning as well as woods; for women, it is the more gratifying spices and flower essences. Men's cologne, next, is typically more musky and powerful. Women's perfume is lighter as well as fragile. Masculine scents might include chilies, citrus fruits, and dark woods just like pine or cherry, the mixture of which conjure up rich, earthy ringtones. Feminine scents might contain vanilla flavouring, chocolate, lavender, as well as other sweeter, a lot more delectable fragrances.
- Pheromax: Pheromax pheromones are to be had in a delightful pheromone spray for ladies.
- It has been used extensively throughout Europe and is currently creating its means identified in the us.
- Most girls fray this within the club scene to stimulate efficient outcomes and attract the men.
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My expertise, these human pheromones had been recognized to successfully build up the sexual and physical needs in the opposite sex in ways that can appear inexplicable from time to time, however very high-quality.
Colognes and Perfumes are Widely Used in the Entire World for Hundreds of Ages Now
That is used to make yourself attractive to people. The particular components of perfumes and aftershaves barely transformed since the ancient times except perhaps regarding the number of synthetics being used in the makeup of a particular cologne nowadays. A pheromone cologne is composed of basic ingredients along with some chemicals normally found in humans and animals that is responsible in attracting a man or a woman. Colognes and perfumes are constructed with essential oils coming from fruits, wood, herbal remedies, vegetables and other normal products including pheromones. Experts have reached their success in recreating this human material in the form of a pheromone perfume. It is known that this cologne triggers a powerful and majestic response from the members of the opposite sex.
When shopping for pheromone products on the internet it is important to note that the price of a particular product depends on its effectiveness to attract a date, and this is mainly driven by factors such as the concentration of the attractants in the sprays and colognes as well as the length of time the product's appeal will last right after application. Generally, products with higher concentrations of pheromones as well as people who last long hours after application are more expensive than those with low pheromone concentrations and people whose appeal lasts only a few hours.
Discover how you can get your illegal advantage to sexually attract women using many verified dating and also seduction suggestions that thousands tend to be applying in their love life.
The usage of pheromones at the garments or body had been used in these days' society to be able to effectively develop attraction and decoy in the other sex simply by the lone scent which is connected to a particular human's pheromone spray or oil founded solution.
- Pheromone colognes are known to be the most innovative product between sexes, men and women alike.
- It is wellliked by customers who are aware about their search for finding their particular perfect mate.
- In fact, it is one the most magnificent items in the world.
- In the past in history, fragrances were not really used by ordinary people and they were only famous among the rich as well as wealthy people.
- According to many of these findings, learning how to attract a girl is probably not as difficult as you think.
- In fact, the research suggests that the appropriate use of pheromone perfumes can help you turn heads with ease.
- This is due to the sensory mechanism that is present in all animals and insects.
- Pheromones are naturally secreted chemicals that are shared within a particular species and are used to speak many things.
- For instance, ants can have used them to tell the other drones the direction of the hill.
- Dogs and cats, needless to say, use them to mark their own territory.
- Primitive animals also use sex pheromones to tell their possible mates that they are prepared for procreation.
Wearing the right pheromone fragrances can actually improve your ability to be able to stimulate the interests of women. Much research has been put into this and a large number of perfumes and colognes are developed out of the conclusions. While many people speculate as to the effectiveness of some of these products, this research is based on a combination of hundreds of years of traditions and ancient practices.
Today's technology, almost anyone can purchase a pheromone cologne and they come in different versions and also prices too. A few colognes are available in beautiful bottles as well as presentation and are quite expensive, while some are in simple bottles and are less expensive.
Colognes Containing Pheromones are Widely Used as a Material to Attract Potential Partners
They're used by all people from all walks of life to be able to find the person who aim at them. Looking good and experience about yourself is actually the first step towards creating a good relationship with the opposite sex. These are the main factors that you need so that people will notice your presence. A pheromone cologne is an effective tool in bringing out the best in you and perhaps bring out your amazing sex appeal.
Couples Try To Recognize Each Other's Smell
Kevin Lieber from Vsauce2 helps explain the connection between smell and attraction STARRING Kevin Lieber From Vsauce2 Vsauce2 on Youtube: ...
When you are out on a date, of course you have to look presentable so that you will not be embarrassed. Regardless if you are a man or a woman, it is essential that you carry yourself in such a way that the person you will be dating may appreciate your effort for that very special day. This will obviously give proper rights to your preparing and your willingness to attract the opposite sex. You could hardly have done this though without the assistance of your own pheromone perfume.
- Primal Intuition: That is oil founded human pheromone that is available in an ylang ylang odor and is most intriguing these days.
- It actually calls the inhibitions of a man, who is closer to a woman.
- It's powerful in nature and is to be had in perfumed and unscented versions.
- I've seen women use the unscented edition and blend it through their own favorite perfume, which works out moderately well.
The only way to ensure that you will get value for your money when shopping for pheromone products online is to shop from certified and extremely reputable retailers in order to get original goods. This is in light of the fact that there are many dishonest dealers who sell low quality products online. Pheromones can be used by all kinds of people since they are based on naturally-occurring chemicals produced by the body. Additional benefits of shopping online for pheromone sprays and aftershaves are that one stands good chances of enjoying price discount rates as well as the ease of having the purchased product delivered to your home.
- Every time we talk about colognes, scents, and fragrances, there is only one thing that jumps out into our minds- fascination.
- Perhaps there is noone to resists a cologne that will make you feel good about yourself.
- We can choose from an array of fragrances, whether we want to buy robust or light, floral or spicey and among others.
- The main idea of a cologne or a perfume is to stimulate our sinus receptors from the sense of smell.
- And there is nothing more appealing than a person who wears a pheromone perfume to attract the opposite sex.
Odor of Eros pheromone fragrance: This is a delightful odor that is to be had in a small moveable spray container. It has been identified to make males really feel a lot more comfy and inquisitive about you. If you're looking for a fun night out that is both interesting and indulgent, then this human pheromone spray is for you. The smell of Eros has been the actual signature pheromone smells for numerous ladies to be able to draw the best type of men to them. Currently, you just understand what pheromone perfumes may draw in males, it's as much as you to determine which is right for you as well as your persona. Keep in mind the truth that an evening out is solely as excellent as how one can successfully acquire the consideration of a person you want. Consequently help it become a perfect one!


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Pro-Am Youth Basketball aims to provide a basketball introduction to children. Both beginners, and intermediates to the fundamentals of basketball. We provide an opportunity to play structured games where we implement the fundamentals learned in practice. We offer opportunities for boys and girls between the ages of 4-7, 8-12 years of age.
Volunteers make our program the most beneficial for all our participants. From coaches to support staff at all our practices, and events.
Sponsor specific items used by players during camps tournaments, and seasons. Have your logo, along with the Pro-Am logo on items used by the players. Such as water bottles, towels, bags. contact for more details.
Would you like to display your company at one of our events. If your company or business is the right fit for our program. Have your link on our site Send an email to firstname.lastname@example.com
We love basketball, and feel no one should get left out. Our sponsor a child program. Gives you a chance to invest in the future of a young athlete.
Follow us on social media to see more exciting events. Keep up with all our activities on our news section. For more information email.
Give us your feedback so everybody benefits.
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Corinne Meinhausen
Research Assistant
Corinne is currently working toward her undergraduate degree in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science with an emphasis on Cognition at the University of Arizona. She is a trainee in the Maximizing Access to Research Careers program (MARC), and plans to learn about research methods and culture in the SCAN Lab before ultimately pursuing a PhD in Biopsychology. Her research interests stress responses, vagal tone, coherence training and system biology.


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8 Attending
7 Attending
118 Attending
Fri, 18 Aug 2017
8 comments
Adam Beyer, Dense & Pika and Pig & Dan feature on the 16-track release, which lands at the end of August.
Mon, 04 Aug 2014
Post a comment
Marko Fürstenberg, Sven Weisemann, Minilogue, label bosses youANDme and more appear on the 32-track retrospective release.
Wed, 23 Jan 2013
10 comments
The agency will launch a new residency and a booking agency with three parties in February and March.
Wed, 29 Feb 2012
A new electronic music festival lands in Leicestershire this spring, with Spektre, Spectrasoul and more.
Wed, 07 Sep 2011
11 comments
Umek, Par Grindvik, Alexi Delano and more will play the local outfit's parties at De Balie during the conference next month.
Wed, 21 Apr 2010
Spektre are also among the cancellations due to a volcanic eruption in Iceland.
Thu, 08 Apr 2010
2 comments
DownUnder will launch in Sydney with the two DJs this ANZAC weekend.
Tue, 30 Mar 2010
6 comments
The Sheffield duo's first proper album will see release next month.
20 comments


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You don't want your car repossessed and is the last option a credit wants to use in order to recover their money. A repossession will give you a bad credit rating along with
being responsible for the repossession cost and for the difference of the car loan and the amount the credit receives after the car is sold at auction.
A car can be repossessed after only one late payment because it is considered default on the loan agreement, but the creditor normally will not exercise this option until the payments are substantially past due. How late just depends on the creditor.
Most states have specific laws concerning car repossessions and these laws can vary from state to state. A vehicle repossession is a civil matter and not criminal. Because it is a civil matter, the lender cannot use law enforcement or police to locate the vehicle. This means the lender cannot report the car stolen. The only way for a creditor to repossess the car is to locate it themselves or use a private party, otherwise known as a "repo man". A creditor or its contracted private party cannot open your garage door in order to locate and repossess the car. However, they can sit and wait until you move the car outside in order to take repossession.
If you are in default on your car loan and are asking yourself "How do I stop my car from being repossessed?", then you have several choices.
The first choice is to contact the creditor and discuss your financial situation. Ask your creditor about their willingness to work with you as you try to get your payments back on track. Ask the creditor if they can reconfigure your car loan. Sometimes your missed payments can be added to the end of a new loan.
The next option is to consider selling the car. Even if by selling the vehicle you won't raise enough cash to pay the full loan off, it will at least be more money then you will receive for the car if it was sold at a auction. If you use this option, it would be a good idea to inform the bank about your plans of selling the car. This may temporarily stop the creditor from repossessing the car. Once the car is sold, and you have paid the creditor the money you received from the sale, the creditor will make arrangements so you can pay off the rest of what you owe them.
The third option that can help you keep your car is to consider filing for bankruptcy, but only if you have considerable debts beyond that of your car. Since filing for bankruptcy will result in bad credit, only choose this option as a last resort.
Lastly, but is not recommended, is to hide your car and not answer creditor phone calls. These evasive tactics may succeed in the short run in order to keep your car and have transportation, but while you're playing this Hide-n-Seek game with your car, your credit will be negatively effected.
It is important to remember to create a plan to get your finances back on track and catch up on your car payments, if you want to keep your car. Take the proper steps necessary for your situation to get your finances stabilized.
You may want to also read Voluntary Repossession And Credit
You may want to also read Consumer Rights In A Automobile Repossession
Although all information has been written in good faith and reviewed, please email us at [email protected] to report any inaccuracies.


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V.O.Chidambaranar Port Trust ,Tamil Nadu Recruitment 2013 For B.T. Assistant .Application are invited for the Posts of B.T. Assistant in V.O.Chidambaranar Port Trust.
Company Name: V.O.Chidambaranar Port Trust.
Website: www.vocport.gov.in
Location: Tamil Nadu.
[ad 3]
B.T. Assistant 01
Qualification: B.T.Assistant,B. A. (English) and B.T. or B.Ed. or L.T. andTrained Teachers certificate to collegiate Grade.
Pay: 4000 /-
Fee: For GEN & OBC Category the application must be accompanied by a non-refundable fee of Rs.100/- (Rupees one hundred only) in the form of Demand Draft valid for 6 months (3 months in the case of locally drawn pay orders) in favour of the Secretary, Tuticorin Port Educational Agency, payable at Tuticorin.
How To Apply: Application, complete in all respect must reach by Postal Department Ordinary Post only, at the address given below:The Secretary, Tuticorin Port Educational Agency, Port Administrative Buildings,V.O.Chidambaranar Port Trust,Tuticorin 628 004.The last date for receipt of the application in the prescribed format is 14.03.2013.Envelope containing the duly filled in application must be superscribed in bold letters as Application for the post of B.T. Assistant (English).
Last Date: 14-03-2013.


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Senior JavaScript Engineer
Location: Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Date Posted: 03 Sep, 2019
Date Posted: 03 Sep, 2019
Senior JavaScript Engineer
Are you a Sr JavaScript Engineer looking for a great new opportunity? Our Portsmouth, NH client is poised for growth and ready for you to join their team. This client has a startup feel with a global presence.
A day in the life:
• Work directly with SMEs in the life sciences compliance domain to turn their vision into working software
• Interpret screen mockups and ideas and create web-based user interfaces
• Collaborate with product management and UX experts to provide a consistent look n' feel across all applications
• Work on a quick POC to help clinch an important sales prospect
• Review the latest JavaScript framework of the month
• Upgrade the Bootstrap library to a newer version to remove a security flaw
• Collaborate with other Sr. Java developers to define and refine REST API service definitions Solve client issues with one of the existing product modules
Must haves:
• Agile and Scrum methodologies in a distributed environment
• Track record of building modern web applications to enterprise scale customers
• JavaScript
• React/Redux or Angular JavaScript frameworks, HTML5, Bootstrap, and CSS
• Memcached or Redis
Nice to have:
• Hibernate
• Relational database access patterns
Medical Insurance
Dental Insurance
Group Term Life Insurance/AD & D
Short & Long-Term Disability Insurance
Flexible Spending Account
Dependent Care
401k Plan
Earned Time Off – vacation, personal, illness
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Tuition Assistance
Bereavement Time
Breakfast daily, paid lunch 2x/wk, Friday hors d'oeuvres


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Kildow Earns First World Cup Ski Win
LAKE LOUISE, Alberta (AP) _ Lindsey Kildow of the United States won her first World Cup race Friday, taking the season's first downhill in 1 minute, 23.44 seconds.
The 20-year-old Kildow battled wind and swirling snow on a shortened men's Olympic downhill course.
``It's so awesome,'' said Kildow, whose previous best finishes were third and fifth last year in downhills at Cortina, Italy. ``I just tried to stay as relaxed as possible. The main thing for me is not to be nervous because I have the skiing ability.''
Carole Montillet-Carles of France was second in 1:23.63, followed by Hilde Gerg of Germany in 1:23.69.
``I was a little bit stressed after the training because I didn't feel so well,'' Montillet-Carles said. ``I was searching for the good line. Today, I wanted to be aggressive. I did not make the perfect run but I was very happy.''
American Libby Ludlow was taken from the hill by helicopter after a fall. She was taken to a hospital, but no information about her injury was immediately available.
High winds and snow forced the start of the race to be lowered to the men's super-G start.


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Variable distance units
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When electric motor, gear motor, pump or other units must be placed with precision, RODOSET® levelling units can be of great help for solid and accurate mounting, eliminating the need of adjustment brackets and rails.
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Height adjustment can be performed with accuracy, even if the whole assembly is sturdy and more compact than an adjustment bracket with threaded bars and jam-nuts. The whole assembly is rigid and reliable. Units' body is out of 42CrMo4 alloy steel and can bear high axial load.


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Last night, Today, whenever
Some thoughts on TUF's debut, UFN 18, and various other shit:
- The tributes to Mask seemed honest and straightforward. The empty seat between Punkass and Skrape was about as simple a remembrance you could ask for.
- The announcement of the live-via-satellite bit with Chuck was creepy as fucking hell...the slow pan to an absolutely unmoving Iceman...I was getting a little scared.
- Tyson Griffin is a tough dude. I wish he could finish someone though. He could store Cole Miller in his thigh muscle.
- Junie Browning thinks he's going to be kicked out of the UFC, and honestly, it took way too long for it to happen, if it does. The guy may have some skills, but they're AAA skills, not major league skills. When your marquee wins are over Roli Delgado and Dave Kaplan it's time to move back down.
- Dana White is a fucking cockass cunt whore prick shithead. Insufferably self-absorbed Luke Thomas doesn't think he should apologize for calling Loretta Hunt a bitch. Related note: please never talk again, Luke Thomas.
- That Oispchucksdfs guy shouldn't be so full of himself for beating up a flabby Oompah Loompah.
- Sherdog is run by retards and shitsuckers who can't take a joke. I wonder what Dana thinks of them? I also wonder why they think anyone would think they were "sherdog.com" after typing in "fightlinker.com". A mystery of the lawyerly mind.
- Brent Brookhouse is right: Condit-Kampann should have gotten FOTN.


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By Ian Dyson, Commissioner, City of London Police
For the last 10 years, City of London Police has been the national lead police force for fraud. Fraud was seen 10 years ago as a growing threat that was beyond the capacity and capabilities of individual police forces. Roughly 70% of the frauds that are reported to us today are cyber-enabled.
There is a hierarchy of people involved in cybercrime. Right at the top, there are certain countries that are trying to hack into all sorts of systems. At the bottom, you've got 16-year-olds sitting in their bedrooms, pizza takeaway boxes around them, trying to hack into systems because it's a test.
Research by the National Crime Agency shows that the majority of young people who get into this do so through gaming, where they start to look at 'how can I get around the system' for levels or layers. They aren't interested in crime but in the technical challenge of defeating that system, and that is exploited by criminals. Some of these young folk are doing work in cyberspace and they have no concept that they are working for criminality.
In the middle, you've got criminality. Make absolutely no mistake about it, the majority of people trying to hack into your systems, the majority of the people trying to defraud the public or your organisation, are doing it for one thing only: money.
Organised crime and criminal gangs used to have their specialisms: drugs, firearms, counterfeit currency. Now this is not the case: they are into anything where they can make money. The internet allows people to make money at a scale they could not have dreamed of elsewhere. Why would anyone rob a bank these days?
One of the big frauds we're experiencing at the moment is ticketing fraud. The days when you used to queue outside HMV on a rain-swept day to buy your concert tickets to see your favourite band are long-gone. Now you have to wait online with your finger hovering over the button; they say 'now they're for sale' and in a couple of minutes they're gone.
There are legitimate companies that do secondary ticket sales, but there are lots of criminals out there. Even a legitimate company will dispatch your tickets two weeks before the date. It's perfect for the fraudster, because you have to wait before you realise you haven't got your tickets. The fraudster is long-gone, having moved their website, phone and email address.
City of London Police paid for some advertising on Facebook for some Ed Sheeran tickets that were so cheap that anyone with any amount of common sense would have said there's something wrong with this. We got interest and talked people through the process, asking them to pay by banker's draft rather than credit card, which is a no-no online because you've got no protection. We took them through to where they would enter their details then told them 'this is a City of London Police website, you've been scammed and here are some tips to avoid it in future'.
Had we decided to take the money from the people who were prepared to give it, in the eight hours that advert was up we would have taken £75,000. That's why the criminals are into it.
This is based on Ian Dyson's talk at the Socitm London and South 2018 conference in London on 15 June 2018


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(NOTE: The waiting continues. I am two days away from my appointment with the hematologist and, hopefully, some clarification on what the blood and other tests show. I am still struggling with edema and need to stay horizontal. Meditating on the Trinity and the idea that God is both "three and one." To fill my mind with that idea puts me in a different and better place.)
Zechariah is an apocalypse that encourages Jerusalem, that despite their difficult present situation, God has a glorious future planned for them. We will read through it accompanied by The Minor Prophets vol. 2, The College Press NIV Commentary, by Clay Ham and Mark Hahlen. I am posting quotes from the book on my Facebook page on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday (NT is Mon-Wed-Fri) and we can discuss comments and questions about the passage there. As usual, quotes from the commentary are in blue below…
The book of Zechariah is written to a poor people, dominated by the Persian empire, and later the Greek empire. Zechariah encourages them that the nations who have oppressed them will be judged and removed and the promises of the previous prophets will be fulfilled. As they are faithful, God will live with them and bring them the promised blessing.
Zechariah calls the faithful to persevere and to live faithfully even if, at present, such action does not appear to be rewarded. Although the frustration of their earthly existence is very real, another reality exists. The supernatural reality and purposes of the King, the LORD Almighty (14:17), summon the readers to live as the people of Yahweh within and often in spite of their historical circumstances. Zechariah, 346
The first six chapters encourage the people to show their faithfulness by finishing the work they began on the temple. They are unlike their ancestors in that they have responded to Haggai's prophecy with obedience. Zechariah's eight apocalyptic visions in 1.7-6.8 assure them that God knows their situation and is already working to deal with it. The promises of a great Davidic kingdom will be fulfilled some day but in the meantime God's Spirit will work in Zerubbabel and in the people to complete the temple. The Spirit will work among the nations to judge and remove Babylon through the Persians.
Likewise, Zechariah 4:6 asserts that human strength cannot accomplish the rebuilding of the temple, but its completion comes only through the Spirit of Yahweh. The oracular formula says the LORD Almighty further highlights the contrast between human and divine strength. Zechariah 4.6, 382
The picture of Yahweh's Spirit at rest gives the people of Judah encouragement to continue their work of reconstruction without fear of outside interference. The former conflicts and tragedies associated with the land of the north have been resolved. The Persian policies that have subjugated Babylon and liberated the exiles manifest the sovereignty of Yahweh. Zechariah 1.7-6.8, 395
Zechariah 6.9 begins a transition to a new subject in Zechariah and concludes the previous one. The priest, Jehoiada is crowned and the crown left in the temple as a symbol that God will crown a "sprout" from the Davidic line to bring in His kingdom and set things right. Chapters 7 and 8 answer the people's question about continuing the fasts that remember the destruction of Jerusalem, now that the temple is almost rebuilt. The prophetic answer is that the people need to set their hearts on seeking God and keeping the covenant stipulations about loving their neighbor and maintain a total devotion to God. God will then bring in His idyllic kingdom and turn their fasting and mourning into joyous celebration.
The magnificent promises in the preceding verses are contingent on Israel's diligent obedience to Yahweh, an obedience enjoined upon Israel's ancestors with the same or nearly identical verbal and syntactical construction (Exod 15:26; 19:5; 23:22; Deut 15:5; 28:1–2) but an obedience which they have failed to render (Josh 5:6; Judg 2:2; 2 Kgs 18:12). Zechariah 6.9-15, 401
Implied here is the notion that, if eating and drinking have no impact on Yahweh, then neither does fasting alone. The community has fasted for themselves just as they have feasted to themselves. Thus, in their fasting they have lamented their own personal loss and political humiliation rather than grieving over their own sin and abuse of the covenant relationship with Yahweh. Zechariah 7.4-7, 406
The prophet has recognized that the question essentially asks whether the community's present is unalterably conditioned by its past. Although their past informs their present, they live in the present in light of their hopes for the future. If the people observe Yahweh's commands, then Yahweh will bless them and cause the pain associated with the fasts to cease. Instead, the fasts are to be transformed into times of joy. Zechariah 8.18-19, 421
Zechariah 9 begins a final section of the book which contains two oracles (9-11, 12-14). In 9-11 God reassures the people that he will reverse the present oppressed situation in the future. He will judge and destroy the oppressive foreign powers. He will regather the people and give them back the fertile portions of their land. He will restore the Davidic king. However, he also warns the people that they must trust God alone, not their military or other gods, and be ready to accept his prophet and king when they come. They must quit oppressing and hurting one another. Sadly the nation will reject God's prophet and king (30 pieces of silver) and the blessing will be delayed again.
Zechariah 9–14 shows that Yahweh is transforming the leadership that oppresses the people and the situations that threaten their existence, by depicting the demise of Judah's present leadership, the purification of the people through their present experiences, and the divine intervention that results in the universal recognition of Yahweh. Zechariah 9, 424
The choice of a donkey rather than a horse to portray the coming of the king also subverts militaristic notions. The horses and chariots that belong to Israel, Persia, or any other nation cannot secure for them the kingdom of Yahweh. Zechariah 9.9, 431
The lack of divine pity indicates that Yahweh holds responsible to some degree both the people (at least those who reject the prophet) and the leaders, a notion found also in verse 8. The flock experiences oppression from local circles ("neighbor") and from the ruling class ("kings"). Zechariah 11.4-5, 449
The final oracle in 12-14 widens the prophecy to the nations. Jerusalem will be destroyed and its people exiled but God will then step in to defeat and judge the nations, purify Israel and unite the nations in the exclusive worship of YHWH as God.
Jeremiah uses māqôr to portray Yahweh as a fountain or spring of living water that has been forsaken by Judah (2:13; 17:13). The gravity of this image cannot be overemphasized, for this fountain cleanses even those who have pierced Yahweh. Zechariah 13.1, 468
Yahweh establishes once again with the people the covenant relationship articulated in the Torah and in covenant declarations found throughout the prophetic literature. The covenant language with which the passage ends is significant given the passage's beginning; through the slaying the shepherd, Yahweh has effected a redefinition and refinement of the people. Zechariah 13.9, 475
Zechariah 14 challenges the reader to consider the eventual destruction of Jerusalem as part of Yahweh's larger purpose and to act accordingly, assured that the victorious intervention of Yahweh results ultimately in the universal worship of Yahweh as king. Zechariah, 478


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Just a heads up – the party game Headsnatchers Is now available on Steam Early Access.
This charmingly brutal game has you kick around your opponents' heads like a football, flush them down toilets, and play bowling with them. And it does it all in the cutest, silliest way possible.
You might think this all sounds bloody and gory, but please do watch the trailer and look just how amazingly cute it actually is.
Is this colorful and adorable, or what? I like Headsnatchers' reflective, plastic aesthetics.
Headsnatchers sure looks like a great game to play with your friends, and I'm getting some serious Super Smash Bros and WarioWare vibes.
The brawler will have many vivid and unique levels for you to engage in head to head multiplayer battles.
Or you can head over to the Zombie Castle, a single-player mode where you tackle zombies head-on. There is a lot of platforming and some light puzzle solving in the Zombie Castle, which is always great to have.
You'll also be collecting new heads to show off to your friends, but don't lose your head just yet; you can even design your very own head in any way that pops into (and onto) your head.
Headsnatchers should be a great party game.
You can head straight into the game right now. It's already available in Early Access.


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Saturday, 4 August 2012
JOHNNY THUNDERS / NEW YORK DOLLS - Re-Posts
1 comment:
Thanks! I needed some Dolls this morning!--Bill
- 14 August 2012 at 13:13
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A Kombat Blog! Huffing! and Puffing! trying to blow the house down! Spitting in the face of these badlands! Raging against the dying of the light! Preaching to the converted? Converting the preached to? A challenge to the intellect? or Intellectually challenged? Totally Random! Creative Chaos! Is it art? music? Politics? or Yarbles!?
They only tell us what they want us to know.....An Anti Austerity Demo gathered outside the BBC headquarters in London the other weekend, ...
Thanks! I needed some Dolls this morning!--Bill
"Trust, faith, good, bad...non of it matters. All you ever do is what you have to do. Follow your desires, fulfil your needs, escape from pain. That's all there is to it." - Kevin Brooks.
"Things you use; things you possess, and are possessed by; things you build with - bricks, words. You build houses with them, and towns, and causeways. But the buildings fall, the causeways cannot go all the way. There is an abyss, a gap, a last step to be taken." - Ursula Le Guin.
I took a walk and what did I see
Miles and miles of misery.
Down in the town they offer heaven
For all your pounds.
Get back home open up the bag
Then get the feeling you've been had.
Consumption feeds their fix for greed.


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-This has probably been shared in the commenting section, but forward Jonny Brodzinski, who was injured during the third period of Thursday's shootout loss at Vancouver, will undergo an MRI this afternoon. More on the severity of his injury should be learned at that time.
-The waiver wire is open. St. Louis' Jordan Nolan is on it, as is Buffalo's Matt Moulson. As noted earlier, the Kings had begun the process to work out a Moulson-to-Ontario loan, which would return a productive veteran to the Reign. I'm not sure if the below is expected to happen, but keep in mind his salary is well below his cap hit this season (which has no effect on the Kings books as a loaned player):
Matt Moulson is on waivers today. Though his cap hit is $5 million, he has a base salary of $2 million in this final year of his deal. He had 18 goals and 46 points in 49 AHL games last year. Is all that enough for someone to claim him? https://t.co/jmM48GWyYM
— John Vogl (@BuffaloVogl) September 21, 2018
–Click here for an insightful question-and-answer session between Ilya Kovalchuk and Greg Wyshynski of ESPN.com. TSN's Frank Seravalli took a look at Kovalchuk's realistic point projections.
-The opening day roster is due Tuesday, October 2 at 2:00 p.m. A set of important dates:
With the new NHL season only two weeks away, here is an overview of some of the important dates to keep in mind from now until the end of the 2018-19 season.https://t.co/3B8UOBLIyt pic.twitter.com/VWXkDbP6QA
— CapFriendly (@CapFriendly) September 19, 2018
-Finally, Rasmus Kupari had two assists in Karpat's shootout win today. Here's one:
Beautiful assist from Kupari (#LAKings), who had two assists in today's game. #Liiga pic.twitter.com/N1jg6eoB8V
— Lassi Alanen (@lassialanen) September 21, 2018
-Lead photo via Kevin Abele/Icon Sportswire


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Trump rationalizes his failures: 'I'm not going to blame myself'
One of the earliest controversies of Donald Trump's presidency came after he authorized a mission in Yemen, which claimed the life of Navy SEAL William "Ryan" Owens. The president couldn't have dealt with the developments in a worse way.
Trump exploited Owens' death, made dubious claims about the mission, and ultimately tried to avoid responsibility for the operation he personally authorized. "This was something that was, you know, just, they wanted to do," the president said, referring to U.S. generals. "They came to see me they explained what they wanted to do, the generals … and they lost Ryan."
It was a quote that, under normal political conditions, might have come to define Trump's presidency, haunting him at every turn. And while that obviously didn't happen, the president's response was nevertheless an early reminder that in Trump World, the buck always stops somewhere else.
Trump drove this point home during remarks at a White House cabinet meeting yesterday afternoon:
"Despite what the press writes, I have great relationships with actually many senators, but in particular with most Republican senators. But we're not getting the job done.
"And I'm not going to blame myself, I'll be honest. They are not getting the job done…. We've had other things happen, and they're not getting the job done."
It was a rare example of the president correcting himself in public. Initially, Trump said "we're" not getting the job done, suggesting he and other Republicans collectively need to pick up their game, before he realized that he should clarify matters. "They're" not getting the job done.
The president's responsibility allergy has never been clearer.
The problem would be less exasperating if it weren't so common. Three quarters of the way through his first year in office, Trump's list of scapegoats is staggering. The more he fails, the more he asks Americans to blame Barack Obama. And Hillary Clinton. And John McCain. Don't forget hapless Republican leaders on Capitol Hill.
Jeff Sessions bears responsibility for recent messes. So does James Comey. Blame the press. And the hurricanes. And his staff.
A Washington Post analysis added:
It's fine to note that things aren't completely under your control as president – we don't have a dictator – but presidents do get a chance to exert influence over the things the country talks about and Congress passes. The president can bring to bear plenty of pressure when it comes to swaying wavering lawmakers…. But Trump has shown considerably less interest in providing a helping hand to McConnell and Ryan than he has in absolving himself of the blame for their failures to produce.
I'm looking forward to reading the authorized biography: "I'm Not Going To Blame Myself: Donald Trump's Story."
Postscript: Around this time five years ago, Trump argued in a tweet, "Obama's complaints about Republicans stopping his agenda are BS since he had full control for two years. He can never take responsibility."


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McManus is set to join PIB on 1 July as chief executive
Former Giles chief executive and ex-Arthur J Gallagher retail boss Brendan McManus is set to join the Chris Giles-backed start-up PIB on the 1 July as chief executive, Insurance Times can reveal.
McManus told Insurance Times that the broker was currently seeking private equity backing to support PIB's acquisition plans.
McManus will also be an investor in the company.
He said: "We are currently engaged with a small number of PE investors for acquisition funding and expect to be recruiting for organic growth aggressively."
McManus resigned as chief executive of Gallagher UK retail in January 2015.
The former Giles chief executive was appointed in November 2013, following Gallagher's £233m takeover of the retail broker.
Back in October Insurance Times reported that Gallagher had taken out a High Court Order against former Giles staff who were part of PIB.
It prevented them from taking any Gallagher staff or clients to their new company until May 2015.
The foursome, Jonathan Cook, Jason Mole, Martin Hall and Chris Price, worked at Giles' Birmingham professional indemnity (PI) branch when the company was bought by Gallagher.
Acquisitions market firing up
McManus and Giles are the latest seasoned insurance entrepreneurs to return to market with acquisition plans.
Last month, Insurance Times revealed that former Towergate chief executive Andy Homer is joining Peter Cullum and David Margrett at new consolidator Global Risk Partners (GRP) as it looks to start buying retail brokers.
Former Oval boss and ex-Gallagher UK head of retail Peter Blanc is also plotting an acquisition strategy, following the private equity-backed management buy-out at Aston Scott, that has seen him become executive chairman of the Insurance Times Top 50 broker.
In personal lines, private backed Brightside is also understood to be close to agreeing a deal for broker Autonet.


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Corvair Spinach Seeds
Corvair spinach has succulent oval dark green leaves. It's a great tasting spinach with a sweet flavour. The plant is fast growing and produces a heavy yield which makes it a great choice for growing at home. Corvair is a cold hardy spinach and does best in the spring or fall. It's very resistant to downy mildew. Matures in 40 days; baby leaves can be harvested earlier.
How to Grow Spinach
Spinach is very easy to start from seed. The seeds should be started in a location with full sun. The plants prefer rich soil that is moist, and well-drained. Space the seeds 3 inches apart and in rows 12 inches apart. Sow seeds half an inch deep into the soil and lightly cover with compost. You can sow the seeds up to 6-8 weeks before the last frost date. Water the plants moderately each week. Corvair spinach will matures in 40 days. It can be harvested earlier if you prefer "baby spinach".
For more information on growing spinach, please visit: How to grow spinach.


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Chili Pepper Magic
Every year, I'm drawn to the chili peppers at our local farmer's market. I don't know what it is about them that so entices me, but it's consistent. This year, I decided it's time to do a little chili pepper magic.
I strung up a bunch of publanos to dry. They're hanging above my kitchen table. I live in a busy area right on an emergency route. Although I feel safe here, I'm not blind to the graffito tagging along the parkway straight across the street from my house or the occasional tweaker needles we find in the lawn. I know a few of my neighbors have been burgled, too. After I hung those publanos, I started looking into how older cultures used chilies.
Chilies were almost universally used in relation to dark or maleficent magics. They're incorporated in a variety of South American and Mexican rituals for banishing maleficent energies, like the evil eye or evil energies, often in accompaniment with salt. Once the chili pepper migrated beyond its South American and Central American homeland, other cultures used it similarly. It seems that the chili pepper is universally recognized as a fire that gets the dark and evil going. In astrological terms, the chili pepper is associated with Mars, the God of War. Given they're fiery effect, that association makes a whole lot of sense. Suddenly, those publanos look more like a charm to ward off trouble than a kooky decoration.
Other chili pepper projects:
- Cleansing salt mix, salt, ground chili peppers, and myrrh resin
- Chili pepper mojo bag for travel, especially through war-torn areas, ground or small chilies, yarrow, rose petals, whole garlic clove, elder berries, lavender essential oil, raw wool, and cotton
- Chili balm, for banishing aches and pains topically.
- Chili vinegar, 6 cayenne chilies infused into 1 quart cider vinegar for 2 weeks. Great for salsa.
- Chili tincture, 1:4 chili pepper weight to vodka ratio.
For more information on the medicinal and magical uses of Chili Pepper, see The Practical Herbalist!


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Landscape Pyrography Techniques & Projects
Product Description
Learn to create realistic landscape pyrography burnings with this comprehensive guide. Nationally recognized artist and pyrographer Lora S. Irish reveals her easy-to-learn methods for working in layers to obtain stunning results.
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