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I am often contacted by constituents about the quality of water flowing through our taps as well as around our shores and creeks. There have been some real worries for mussel and oyster fishermen in the Fal estuary this past summer. High quality water is essential for our whole ecosystem as well as our health and sustains livelihoods for many Roseland residents from tourism to fishing and farming.
There are three organisations I work closely with to ensure they have the necessary resources and regulatory frame work to deliver high quality drinking and bathing water for us all. They are the Department for the Environment, Fishing and Agriculture (Defra) the Environment Agency (EA) and South West Water and we work closely together. I asked the later to provide me with a briefing of the useful information I thought you would like to know about.
I tried to condense it and failed so thought it best to give you the opportunity of reading as much or little as you wanted. Please do let me know if there is more information you would like to receive. Just scroll down…
…but before you do, I would very much like to thank Roseland Online for giving me the opportunity to write my monthly columns and thank you for contacting me with your thoughts, ideas, questions and concerns over the last year. I value all contact with my constituents and would like to wish you and yours a very happy festive season, wether you celebrate with water or something a little stronger.
Briefing from South West Water for Sarah Newton's constituents
Bathing Waters (current directives)
- At privatisation South West Water inherited 227 crude sewage outfalls. This increased to 250 by 1993, when more outfalls on the public system were identified.
- Consequently crude sewage from 38{c8c3b3d140ed11cb7662417ff7b2dc686ffa9c2daf0848ac14f76e68f36d0c20} of the population served by the company was discharged untreated via marine outfalls (equivalent to 490,000 people).
- This number has been reduced to one crude outfall which serves three properties (0.0004{c8c3b3d140ed11cb7662417ff7b2dc686ffa9c2daf0848ac14f76e68f36d0c20} of the resident population).
- Approximately 866,000 of the 1.6 million residents in the South West Water region (54{c8c3b3d140ed11cb7662417ff7b2dc686ffa9c2daf0848ac14f76e68f36d0c20}) are now connected to 68 sewage treatment works with disinfection or long sea outfalls designed to help protect bathing and shellfish waters.
- In the nine years prior to privatisation South West Water Authority (South West Water's predecessor, which also incorporated the functions of what is now the Environment Agency) spent £165million on sewerage and sewage treatment.
- In the nine years immediately following privatisation South West Water spent £837million on sewerage and sewage treatment.
- Over the past two decades we have invested over £2billion in our Clean Sweep programme, providing new sewage treatment facilities and closing crude sewage outfalls around the South West peninsula. We also have additional disinfection at 64 of our works – the highest level of treatment available – more than any other water company.
- At the time the South West Water Clean Sweep scheme was the largest company environmental improvement programme in Europe.
- Over 231 storm overflows to bathing waters and 228 to shellfish waters were improved as part of Clean Sweep and the AMP3 (2000-2005) investment, with more than 216,000 cubic metres (47 million gallons) of additional storage built at a cost of £75 million.
- 40 new sewage treatment works were built or improved to help protect bathing water quality, including those serving the communities of Bude, Fowey, Gorran Haven, Mawgan Porth, Pentewan, Perranporth, Portwrinkle, Penzance, St Agnes, Camel Estuary, Mevagissey, Porthleven, Looe, Seaton/Downderry, Newquay, Porthallow, Falmouth, Saltash, Camborne, St Austell, Cape Cornwall, St Gennys, Treknow, Bossiney/Boscastle/Tintagel and Polperro.
- Malcolm Bell, Head of Tourism at Visit Cornwall, has stated that: "There have been three major investments in the South West's tourist economy in recent years – the Eden Project, the Coastal Path and Clean Sweep. And of these, Clean Sweep is by far the most important. Without Clean Sweep, the tourist industry would have been destroyed."
- In 2014, all 82 bathing waters in Cornwall met or exceeded the European Union's good (mandatory) standard and 75 (91.5{c8c3b3d140ed11cb7662417ff7b2dc686ffa9c2daf0848ac14f76e68f36d0c20}) met the excellent (guideline) standard.
- We remain committed to working with other organisations and local communities so that residents and visitors alike can continue to enjoy the South West's beautiful beaches.
Combined sewer overflows
- Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) are essential features of older combined sewer systems, mainly constructed before 1970, when it was common practice for foul sewage and surface water to be collected in the same pipe. CSOs are designed to operate when the background water levels in the receiving waters have risen sufficiently to provide substantial dilution and minimise the impact of any discharge.
- A CSO protects homes, gardens, roads and open spaces from sewage flooding, during times of heavy rainfall, when sewers and pumping stations can be overwhelmed. CSOs enable excess flows to be discharged into the sea, rivers and watercourses when they have additional dilution available due rainfall.
- All South West Water's CSOs have to comply with strict European and domestic legislation and are regulated by the Environment Agency (EA) through discharge permits which prescribe the conditions under which they can operate, any screening requirements and whether the overflow events need to recorded and reported . All South West Water's CSOs have EA discharge permits.
- In this region we have just over 1,700 CSOs and from 2000 to 2010 South West Water invested £75million to reduce the volume and improve the quality of discharges in the most sensitive areas including bathing and shellfish waters.
- Where poor bathing water quality is identified via EA sampling during the bathing water season, South West Water reports CSO spill data to the EA for the seven days prior to the sample. This is not a specific permit requirement but assists in identifying potential sources and unusual weather patterns that may have affected the catchment.
- South West Water also reports, at the end of each bathing season, CSO spill data to the EA. The data is reported for the period 1 May to 30 September as a specific requirement of CSO permits where the EA consider they may have an impact on bathing water quality.
- In this next five-year investment period (2015-2020), as part of requirements under the revised Bathing Water Directive, the Shellfish Waters Directive and for high amenity waters, we are installing more monitoring equipment at an extra 300 sites in line with new regulatory requirements to help better inform the Environment Agency and the public about the operation of our overflows to assist in assessing the factors affecting water quality.
- To significantly reduce the operation of CSOs further would require massive investment in our infrastructure either to store storm water and provide more pumping and treatment, generating significantly more carbon emissions or to engineer out the combined system by separating foul and surface water Therefore, if further improvements are required, our customers would expect there to be a strong cost/benefit case.
- It is important to remember that CSOs are just one factor with the potential to affect bathing water quality. Bathing water quality is also affected by urban drainage, agricultural run-off, birds and other wildlife, private sewers and misconnections – homes wrongly connected to surface water drainage instead of public foul sewers – as well as South West Water's infrastructure. With the improvements already made and those proposed the balance of risks affecting bathing and shellfish water quality are much more mixed whilst their likelihood are all increased during wet weather.
Beach Live
- South West Water continues to work on innovative and proactive ways of informing customers about bathing water quality, through the industry-leading Beach Live (beachlive.co.uk) project.
- The Beach Live website, which was developed following consultation with Surfers Against Sewage, the Environment Agency, tourism leaders and beach managers, gives users live near 'real time' information about risks to bathing water quality at 40 beaches from the operation of combined sewer overflows (CSOs) in the sewerage system.
- When significant overflows do happen – normally during or after heavy rain – 'amber' flags are posted on the site and beach operators, the Environment Agency and SAS are notified by email. Amber flags are removed and beach operators notified when there have been no further significant overflows over the next 12 hours. These 'significance' triggers are based on agreed criteria with the Environment Agency data and other partners.
- Each beach manager has developed signs to display at their beaches. The decision whether to display the signs lies with the beach manager in consultation with the relevant public health advisors.
- We also voluntarily share this information with Surfers Against Sewage, who use the BeachLive and the Environment Agency pollution risk forecasts to offer their members a text alert service.
- The company also hosts a biannual Bathing Water Liaison Forum and works closely with the Environment Agency, local authorities, beach managers and organisations including Surfers Against Sewage, the Marine Conservation Society and Keep Britain Tidy to promote local bathing water compliance.
Bathing Waters (Revised Directive)
- The European Union's revised Bathing Water Directive (2006/7/EC) came into force in March 2006 and replaces the current Bathing Water Directive (76/1160/EEC).
- The overall objective of the revised directive is the protection of public health, but it also offers an opportunity to improve management practices at bathing waters and to standardise the information offered to bathers across Europe.
- The directive introduces a new classification system with more stringent water quality standards and puts an emphasis on providing better information to the public on water quality and the risk factors that affect it.
- While water quality compliance with the new standards will be reported under the revised directive in 2015, other parts of the directive, such as signage and bathing water profiling, were implemented earlier with some already in place.
- Changes were made from 2012 to the types of bacteria analysed. In place of faecal coliform and faecal streptococci standards, the revised directive sets standards for Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci.
- During the 2012 to 2014 period the Defra and the Environment Agency reported compliance against the standards in the 1976 directive, based on the results of the new bacterial parameters. In addition they also predicted the compliance; for each bathing water, against the new standards.
- Monitoring frequency is currently weekly samples collected at the bathing waters' monitoring point, with 20 samples in total collected per season. This frequency is likely to be maintained under the revised directive.
- From 2015 there will be four new classes for bathing waters used for the revised Bathing Water Directive. These will be:
- Excellent – approximately twice as stringent as the current guideline standard. Also the standard required for a Blue Flag from 2013
- Good – broadly equivalent to the current guideline standard
- Sufficient – approximately twice as stringent as the current mandatory standard
- Poor – below the sufficient classification. Bathing waters classified as poor will have advice against bathing throughout the following season. If a bathing water remains classified as poor for five consecutive seasons the advice will become permanent.
- The revised directive will use four consecutive seasons' data on a rolling basis to assess compliance.
- Current predictions for the revised directive are based on data from 2011 to 2014, which includes the wettest summer for 100 years (2012).
- South West Water brought forward £20million of investment in 2014/15 to improve key beaches in the region that could be classed as poor under the revised Bathing Waters Directive in 2015 (see below). South West Water is the only water company to do this. This was not funded by Ofwat in the 2010-15 settlement and is being funded by company profit.
- In Cornwall as part of this programme, the company is investing £9million to improve bathing water quality at Seaton and East Looe in Cornwall. This includes increasing storm water storage capacity in the sewerage network in Liskeard to reduce the number of storm discharges during extremely wet weather and making improvements to storm storage and adding disinfection to Menheniot Sewage Treatment Works. Both schemes will be completed by March 2015.
Shellfish waters
- South West Water has invested around £57million to improve shellfish water quality since 2000 across the region. Under their AMP3 (2000-2005) guidance and shellfish waters policy the EA specified where and what improvements were required for each discharge improved.
- AMP3 requirements for CSOs were for containment to 10 significant spills per annum to help meet an operational water quality target of 1500 Ec/100ml for 97{c8c3b3d140ed11cb7662417ff7b2dc686ffa9c2daf0848ac14f76e68f36d0c20} of time. This was to support meeting category B under the shellfish hygiene regulations.
- In the Fal and Helford catchments, 42 CSOs were improved between 2000 and 2005 (AMP3) and a cost of approximately £2million. In addition ultraviolet (UV) disinfection was also added to the treated effluent discharges at Truro (Newham), Falmouth, Mylor, Ladock, Constantine and St Mawes sewage treatment works at a cost of around £2.5 million.
- In addition to the above further improvements, costing approximately £4million, were completed in 2006 at Truro (Newham) Sewage Treatment Works. This included upgrading the terminal pumping station, to reduce the frequency of overflows, and enhanced nutrient removal to help protect water quality from nuisance algal blooms.
- At Falmouth Sewage Treatment Works the process robustness has also been improved with a major refurbishment of the sand filters, final settlement tanks, improved aeration, inlet screens and reduction in saline infiltration in the catchment costing approximately £950,000.
- CSO spill performance is designed based on at least a 10-year rainfall series and includes some provision for climate change predictions.
- Helford Sewage Treatment Works was constructed in 2006, removing six crude outfalls. The scheme provided secondary biological treatment and an ebb tide discharge release. Gweek Sewage Treatment Works also provides secondary treatment. However, at least 50{c8c3b3d140ed11cb7662417ff7b2dc686ffa9c2daf0848ac14f76e68f36d0c20} of Helford estuary catchment is not on public sewerage.
- The total capital investment between made by South West Water in investigating and improving discharges to benefit water quality in the Truro River and Fal estuary to 2010 is approximately £
- In the Camel catchment, we invested £100,000 in 2012 on improvements to our sewers in Fowey to reduce saline infiltration issues affecting the estuary, which involved relining sewers and sealing manholes. From March 2013, any spills from the storm overflow at Fowey sewage treatment works have been treated with ultraviolent disinfection to minimise impact on the environment.
- Also in the Camel catchment, we have added UV disinfection to Wadebridge, Bodmin Scarletts Well and Bodmin Nanstallon sewage treatment works to help protect shellfish waters in the Camel estuary.
- In 2005, Golant Sewage Treatment Works was built with UV disinfection to help protect Fowey shellfish waters.
- In 2013, the company completed a £8million storm storage tank at Lostwithiel to further protect Fowey shellfish waters. It has a capacity of 1,220 cubic metres. This is in addition to the 200 cubic metres of storm storage capacity at Lostwithiel Sewage Treatment Works.
- All South West Water's UV disinfected sewage treatment works are compliant with the disinfection requirements of their permits.
- Under the shellfish Local Action Group process, managed by Cornwall Port Health Authority (CPHA), high shellfish hygiene results are reported to South West Water and the EA. South West Water reports CSO spill data to the EA and the CPHA for the seven days prior to and including the date of the high sample result. This is not a specific permit requirement but assists in identifying potential sources and unusual weather patterns that may have affected the catchment.
- South West Water also reports annually CSO spill data to the EA, which is shared with the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), who act on behalf of the FSA, as part of the shellfish hygiene annual classification process. CSO data is reported to the EA for the period 1 April to 31 March by 31 May. This is a specific permit requirement. The re-classification of the shellfish beds normally occurs in September (based on the previous financial year's shellfish data).
- South West Water's AMP5 (2010-2015) planning processes has highlighted that customer willingness to pay for improvements at shellfish waters is very low.
- Since 2013 designated shellfish waters come under the Water Framework Directive. Consequently any improvements are subject to disproportionate cost assessment by the EA of all measures that may be required to meet the shellfish waters guideline standard (which is actually measured in the shellfish). It should be appreciated that the shellfish waters guideline standard is a tighter standard than that used for the AMP3 investment (and not that the AMP3 investment has not delivered its objectives).
- AMP5 investigations in shellfish water catchments worth c. £1million were completed. This included c.£119,000 in Fal and Helford to advise the AMP6 (2015-20) programme.
- Recent sewerage network improvements of c. £65million in Truro will minimise internal flooding and remove infiltration, misconnections and improve sewerage performance, reducing the impact of any discharges to the estuary.
- We are also planning a £300,000 sustainable urban drainage project in Truro, which will use natural engineering to remove surface water from the sewerage system further upstream. The scheme will reduce pressure on CSOs, reduce highway flooding and improve resilience at the lower areas of Truro. It will be complete by the end of March 2015.
Business plan 2015-2020
- Our updated Business Plan for AMP6 (2015-20), which would see bills fall by even more than they would have done in our previous plan, was submitted to Ofwat last December.
- Bills could fall in real terms by 13{c8c3b3d140ed11cb7662417ff7b2dc686ffa9c2daf0848ac14f76e68f36d0c20} by the end of the decade, with more than half of this in 2014 and 2015. In addition we plan to increase our investment by 19{c8c3b3d140ed11cb7662417ff7b2dc686ffa9c2daf0848ac14f76e68f36d0c20} in real terms to £868m, in addition to having already accelerated bathing water protection (including Seaton and East Looe in Cornwall) into 2014.
- South West Water's Business Plan was confirmed as 'enhanced' by Ofwat on 4 April 2014, before being 'fast tracked' for a draft price determination by 30 April.
- Highlights of our investment plan include (subject to final approval) further improvements to bathing and shellfish waters including:
- Bude Summerleaze, Par, Readmoney Cove, Crinnis, Crantock, Mounts Bay Wherry Town, Porthminster, Perranporth and Portmellon bathing waters in Cornwall
- Truro, Fal and Helford estuary shellfish waters
This will still be subject to EA cost benefit analysis under the Water Framework Directive and Ofwat approval. In discussion with the EA the proposed AMP6 investment will only target those assets where improvement will benefit meeting the guideline standard.
- £3.5million is proposed for the Truro, Fal and Helford estuaries in AMP6.
Subject to ministerial approval of the AMP6 expenditure the total investment made by South West Water into shellfish water quality in the Truro, Fal and Helford estuaries by 2020 will be c. £34.2 million.
- The development of a new Downstream Thinking scheme to cut the risk of sewer flooding and overflows, including Truro, Falmouth and North Cornwall.
Downstream Thinking represents a fresh approach to flood risk improvements and resilience on the wastewater side. It supports our 25 year vision to prevent harmful pollution incidents and flooding from our sewers.
This approach requires working in partnership with other parties (Lead Local Flood Authorities, EA, developers etc) to identify locations and solutions where multiple benefits can be delivered.
Solutions include sustainable urban drainage systems, sewer separation, contributions to major projects such as the Exeter Flood Alleviation Scheme, and continuing our existing approach to removing properties from the sewer flooding register.
Downstream Thinking is about long term planning partnerships with stakeholders, new ways of working, greater information sharing and communication.


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National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Science has released an employment notification on their official website for the recruitment of Professor and Associate Professor posts. Interested candidates can apply on or before July 15, 2017.
Vacancy details:
Post Name:
- Professor and Associate Professor
- Job Location: Karnataka
- Deadline: July 15, 2017
- No. of Vacancies: 47
Eligibility criteria:
- Candidates applying for Professor should have MD in relevant discipline with teaching experience. And Aspirants who wanted to participate for Associate Professor should have M.Ch/ MD in a relevant discipline or equivalent qualification from a recognized university/ institution with experience.
Pay scale:
- The selected candidates will get a monthly salary of Rs 37400- 67000/- Per Month.
Age Limit:
- Candidate's maximum 50 years as on 30th June 2017.
Selection Process:
- The candidates are selected based on personal Interview.
Fee charges:
- Applicants who wanted to participate should pay the below charges through online.
- General/ OBC: Rs. 2000/- (Rupee Two Thousand only)
- SC/ ST: Rs. 1000/- (Rupee One Thousand only)
How to apply for recruitment NIMHANS 2017?
- Applicants may apply in prescribed application form along with copies of certificates send to the Director, NIMHANS, PB No 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore on or before July 15, 2017.
- For more information, check here.
Important Dates to remember:
- Closing Date: July 15, 2017
Also read: NIMHANS Recruitment: Apply For Scientist And Clinical Scientist Posts
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Dressmaking Course
10:00 am - 12:00 pm
This dressmaking course will teach you how to make your own unique clothes that fit perfectly. Or if you've already done a bit of dressmaking, then you can improve your techniques. I've been dressmaking since I was at school. I've also studied Bridalwear and Tailoring so I've learned lots of tips and tricks that give your projects a polished look. During this course, I'll be focussing on teaching technique so your clothes won't look 'Homemade', but 'Handmade'. No-one will believe you made them yourself.
If you've already familiar with dressmaking techniques and commercial patterns and you'd like to learn pattern cutting, then you can do this here too.
You should be able to use a sewing machine confidently, have had practice making at least one or two craft projects, and have an awareness of basic seams and hems. If you do not, then I recommend you take one of my Beginners classes first.
I'll coach you along the way in the following:
How to choose an appropriate pattern for your level of ability,
Taking measurements, cutting and fitting the pattern, understanding pattern markings and instructions
Altering the pattern for a perfect fit
Sewing tips and techniques to achieve a professional finish
Course arrangements
A small class size (Maximum 4 students) ensures I'm able to give you lots of individual attention on your own choice of project.
Must be booked in advance at: https://www.artisanstitch.co.uk/event/dressmaking-course-7/
Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com or 0773 939 7369
Beginners Sewing Course
1:00 pm - 3:00 pm
This Beginners sewing course will teach you expert sewing techniques whether you want to progress into dressmaking, soft furnishing or craft projects. You'll learn how to understand sewing machines, get experience of using different stitch types, learning about stitch lengths, widths and tensions. I'll explain what the different presser feet are for and you'll learn how to measure and cut fabric.
I learned to sew as a child and since then, I've made every mistake in the book. So fast-track your sewing journey as you benefit from my mistakes and learn to sew like a pro as I share my expert tips. I wish I'd known all this stuff when I started to sew.
This course duration is 8 hours so it runs as either a 4-week class (2 hours per week)
Who is this aimed at?
-Absolute Beginners (if you've never used a sewing machine)
-Novice sewists (if you've just recently learned but would like to know a bit more)
-Lapsed Sewists (as a refresher if you've not sewn for a while and are a bit rusty).
What will I learn?
How to use a sewing machine safely and confidently
How to wind bobbins and how to thread a sewing machine
Understand the mysteries of correct thread tension
How to sew perfect straight lines, smooth curves and turn corners
Learn three different seam types and when to use them
How to take up a hem
Make machined buttonholes and how to sew in a zip
Make a lovely craft project to gain experience measuring, cutting and sewing fabric.
Choose to make either
a lined reversible tote bag,
I-pad/tablet cover,
or a zipped make-up bag,
Enquiries: firstname.lastname@example.com or 0773 939 7369
to book, go to: https://www.artisanstitch.co.uk/event/beginners-sewing-course-5/
Refresher Sewing Class
10:00 am - 4:00 pm
If you used to sew but are a bit rusty, then this Refresher sewing class is a good starting point to brush up on your dressmaking techniques.
Who is this aimed at?
Anyone who needs to refresh their sewing techniques. You must be able to use a sewing machine confidently, and sew straight accurate seams. You should also be able to thread up, wind bobbins and understand sewing machine tension. If you need help with this, then please consider one of my Beginners classes first.
What will I learn?
I'll take you through some common sewing tasks that you'll need if you'd like to start dressmaking again. Plus there's plenty of my tips to help you achieve a professional finish to your dressmaking projects.
The Refresher Sewing Class will cover:
various methods of neatening raw edges
trimming and pressing
whether to notch or clip curves
what is staystitching and why you should do it
when you need to use easestitching
how to make facings lie flat
how to sew couture-quality darts
how to sew in a zip
what does 'stitch in the ditch' mean, and when to do it.
edgestitching and topstitching to create impact.
The list above are all common dressmaking techniques if you want to achieve a neat-looking finish to your sewing projects. You may have forgotten how to do these, or perhaps you haven't learned these before? In addition, if there's a technique that you can't seem to get to grips with, then please let me know in advance of the class, and I'll try to cover it if there's time. You will make samples of most of these techniques, and will have notes to take away so you will be able to use these as a reference for your future sewing.
In addition, I'll tell you about how to choose the best needle for your sewing project, the different types of thread you can use etc, and lots of other information that you'll need to start sewing again.
Enquiries to firstname.lastname@example.com or 0773 939 7369.
To book, go to: https://www.artisanstitch.co.uk/event/refresher-sewing-class-2/
Kids Sewing Course
4:30 pm - 6:00 pm
This Kids Sewing Course level 1 will teach your child foundation sewing skills. And they will make some easy sewing projects.
At age 8-12, children have the mental capacity to learn the basic concepts and sufficient manual dexterity to operate a sewing machine. It's actually the perfect age at which to learn. Sewing is an ideal creative activity for children. It develops their manual dexterity, hand/eye co-ordination, and encourages focus and concentration. Completing a sewing project from start to finish fosters a sense of accomplishment that can boost a child's morale and self-confidence. And it's really great fun! Plus it gives them a huge sense of achievement and self-worth.
Because they're having such a great time, they don't actually realise how many valuable sewing skills they are learning which will stay with them for life.
Taught by a lifelong sewist (since age 7) and degree-trained textile designer.
Must be pre-booked at: https://www.artisanstitch.co.uk/event/kids-sewing-course-level-1-3/
Enquiries: email@example.com or 0773 939 7369
Beginners Sewing & Dressmaking
7:00 pm - 9:00 pm
This 8-week evening class in foundation sewing skills will not only teach you how to use a sewing machine, but also some foundation dressmaking skills.
Who is this aimed at?
Absolute Beginners. No previous sewing experience is required.
If perhaps you've had a long break from sewing and would like a refresher, then this class is suitable for you too or try my Refresher Sewing Class.
What will I learn?
how to use a sewing machine
how to sew straight lines, curves and turn corners
basic seam types
how to take up hems
how to insert zips and make machined buttonholes
a mini-project to give you experience measuring and cutting fabric.
A simple pencil or A-line skirt is a good first dressmaking project once you've learned how to use a sewing machine. A pencil skirt has a few challenges. It will teach you the following foundation dressmaking techniques:
how to measure yourself and find the right size of pattern
understanding pattern markings, laying out and cutting fabric
how to sew darts
sewing seams
how to neaten raw edges
how to sew a zip
using interfacing to stabilise the fabric
how to attach a waistband
how to take up a hem
Course arrangements
Fabrics are provided for the first 3 weeks. After that you'll need to bring your own fabric for your tote bag, and your pattern, fabric and any other items required to make the skirt. I'll provide a list of things you need once you've booked.
For enquiries, contact jen@ artisanstitch.co.uk, or 0773 939 7369. To book, go to:


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Firefighters from six different fire departments battled a blaze at the main house at the Creeks, the East Hampton estate of billionaire businessman Ronald Perelman and his family, on Friday night.
According to Second Assistant Fire Chief Brian Stanis of the East Hampton Town Fire Department, a call was received from estate staff shortly before 10 p.m. for a fire that had broken out in the attic. The exact cause is still under investigation, he said.
By the time firefighters arrived, everyone in the house had already evacuated, giving crews the ability to begin extinguishing the fire immediately.
"We went into an interior attack that had a great effect on saving a good majority of the structure," Chief Stanis said.
He said the house is a traditional wood-frame structure with a stucco exterior and terracotta and copper roof. "It posed a little more of a challenge than a traditional structure, but we were able to overcome that," Chief Stanis said.
About 125 firefighters from departments in East Hampton Town, East Hampton Village, Amagansett, Sag Harbor, Springs and Southampton responded to the fire. The Montauk Fire Department stood by at East Hampton headquarters, ready to respond in case of other incidents. The guts of the blaze were extinguished in about 45 minutes and crews spent about two more hours putting out hot spots until about midnight, Chief Stanis said.
No injuries were reported, and Montauk Highway was closed in the vicinity of the Creeks for some time.
Josh Vlasto, a spokesman for Mr. Perelman, said in a statement Mr. Perelman, his wife Anna Chapman and the rest of their family were not home at the time of the fire.
"On behalf of Ronald and Anna, we want to thank all the brave local firefighters and police for their extraordinary response," Mr. Vlasto said.


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Campos Racing F3 driver Alex Peroni will sit out Race 2 of the F3 series in Monza Sunday after FIA officials declared the driver unfit following a spectacular crash in Saturday's F3 Race 1.
Peroni hit a sausage curb bordering the run-off area at Monza's final Parabolica corner during Saturday's race; the car went airborne before landing on the barriers and hitting the catch fencing. Peroni visited the circuit medical center before being sent to hospital for precautionary checks. He was later found to have a fractured vertebra. The Formula 3 race was completed under the safety car, with victory going to Robert Shwartzman.
The start of Formula 1 third practice was delayed by 10 minutes while what was left of the curb was removed and the barriers and fencing repaired. Drivers were then told not to exceed track limits at turn 11. Those who do will have their lap times deleted.
The crash comes a week after F2 driver Anthoine Hubert was killed in a crash at Spa.


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Not definitive, of course, but currently the direction in which I'm headed…
3.0 Contents of this Chapter
This chapter is about verbs and verb phrases. First we will deal with verbs; then, with other elements of the verb phrase.
Verbs occur in finite and nonfinite forms. We will look first at finite verbs, and then at nonfinite verbs.
Finite verbs have two distinct forms – liquid state and concrete state. First, we will deal with the liquid state. The syntactic and semantic principles underlying the choice of state will be dealt with elsewhere.
Verbs also have two distinct nonfinite forms. These are the simple infinitive and the abstract infinitive. These will be dealt with together and their differences explained. There are also nouns formed derivationally from verbs; these will not be dealt with here, except where they overlap with nonfinite verbs.
After addressing the verb itself, we will then discuss other elements: verbal articles, verbal-nominal particles, and adverbs.
Finally we will address serial verb constructions.
3.1 The Liquid Verb
Rawàng Ata verbs have two distinct forms – liquid state and concrete state. First, we will deal with the liquid state. The syntactic and semantic principles underlying the choice of state will be dealt with elsewhere.
Rawàng Ata verbs are cited in the form of a verb root; these roots cannot stand as words themselves, and often could not do so, as they violate the phonotactic constraints by frequently ending in consonants that cannot appear in final position.
Roots may be simple or complex. The great majority are simple, and have one indivisible body. Complex verbs have 'initial' and/or 'terminal' augments, between the body and which can be placed affixes. Examples of simple verbs include raw- ('settle, agree, rest, fix'), dil- ('see'), sakkung- ('kick'), and lefi-, "touch heads with"; examples of complex verbs include s-dil- ('notice'), mu-dil- ('be highly noticeable'), dī-dil ('perceive indescribably'), and sakkung-t- ('set into motion by kicking').
Verbs inflect by marking up to five categories: subject agreement, object agreement, location, voice, and ition.
Subject agreement is by means of prefixes. There are approximately twenty-six commonly-found prefixes, including the zero prefix. These can be divided into fourteen first-person prefixes (wa-, ba-, ka-, kāta-, īku-, iku-, in-, isi-, bana-, ō-, wana-, diyai-, ku-, làka-, bitti-), three second-person prefixes (tu-, ōtu-, angātu-), seven third-person prefixes (sa-, ra-, nà-, ku-, angāna-, i- and –/),one 'fourth-person' prefix (lu-), one 'fifth-person' prefix (du-), and one 'sixth-person' prefix (yay-).
Among the first-person prefixes, ba- is used only by adult male singular speakers. It is used in most formal speech, but in casual speech it has connotations of stuffiness, grandiosity, chauvinism (when used when speaking to women) and arrogance, and is therefore mostly used in asserting or resisting authority and power. kāta- is the female equivalent in terms of grandiosity (and is only ever used when speaking to other women), but is not used in formal settings – instead, īku- is used; it is not seen as potentially offensive like ba- is, so its use is more frequent. iku- is a less formal version that retains the connotation of propriety and modesty, and is used by women when speaking to those who deserve respect but not honour (elders, husbands, etc). ka- is the usual neutral prefix for female speakers. in- is used when typically when speaking to women, and projects a dominant but non-authoritative, young adult male persona – although it is usually used by female speakers; when used by men, it is usually only to address lovers (of either gender), although the oyo gender use it extensively in non-romantic contexts. bana- is the voice of a male child, though it is rarely used by children in practice; it is mostly used by women wishing to stress their own childishness (to appear winsome, for instance, or to pre-empt and defuse accusations of foolishness) – men will only use it when confessing or committing the most foolish actions, and the female kunyi gender emphatically never use it. isi- is a very humble prefix usually used only by women, in cases of marked power imbalence; diyai- is even more humble, and is rarely used in the modern world except by the most penitant wrongdoers, and when addressing the most glorious of masters; isi- and diyai- may perhaps be translated by expressions like 'I, your lowly servant' and 'I, your worthless and inadequate slave'; for men, however, isi- may be more demeaning than diyai-; on the other hand, isi- is more likely to be used playfully or in jest, which diyai– almost never is. wa-, meanwhile, is gender- and status-neutral; it is the default prefix for male speakers, and is used by women in situations that are formal or businesslike but that do not merit the superiority of kāta- or the formalism of īku-; however, some may take moral, sociological or grammatical offense at a woman using wa-, the exception being when a woman is speaking on behalf of others. wa- is often used as a neutral and inclusive exclusive plural, although any other prefix can also be used in this way (for instance, a female speaker using a female prefix with a plural meaning does not entail that she is speaking only on behalf of other women, though it may suggest so). wana- is the standard inclusive plural – that is, used where English would use 'we' to mean 'you and I (and maybe others)'. ō- is a more formal, and more hostile, equivalent of wana-; it may also be used with no clear inclusive or plural meaning, to avoid responsibility, in a similar way to some usages of English 'one'. làka- is a prefix taught to foreigners, previously only used by removers of human waste; bitti- was once used by those who scavenged discarded items for things that might be of use to others, but is now often used ironically by those who see themselves, or are portraying themselves, as sharp negotiators, or who are defending their decision to speak plainly or coarsely.
There are a great many other first-person prefixes, in theory. Many of these mark varying degrees of social status (of the speaker, of the addressee, and of any audience) and of kin connection – these prefixes are not generally used in modern speech, and are considered rude, obsolete, and inegalitarian, although they may be found in old documents or poems, or occasionally used in highly-literate jest (most speakers are unfamiliar with them). Others are exclusive plurals formed from the various singulars, generally by whole or partial reduplication, or by the affixes ō- or –tō or –tan or –an, or the infix -n-, but most of these are now obsolete. Theoretically, a woman might use the prefix òinkuìnkutan-, but such a form would never in practice be encountered outside comedy.
In general, there is a tendency to avoid any first-person prefix and to speak of oneself in the third person where possible.
Among the second-person prefixes, tu- is used as standard, ōtu- as a more respectful version, and angātu– as an honorific. As it is common to avoid using second-person prefixes except in cases of formality, tu- often has a derogatory connotation; however, this is not always present, when the choice to use a prefix has clearly been made for other reasons (for instance, among family there is less care taken to avoid directly addressing people, and hence there is less connotation attached to the theoretically 'neutral' choice of 'tu'). ōtu- and, particularly, angātu- are also often used in derogatory contexts, particularly to insult foreigners, or others seen as not being fully proficient in the language – distinguishing insult from honour is generally only possible through analysis of the wider context (generally informal usage with highly formal prefixes is probably intended as a covert insult, or at least as a rough jest). As with first-person prefixes, there are a host of obsolete second-person honorific and derogatory prefixes no longer in general use.
Of the third-person prefixes, the zero prefix is used for transitive actions when the subject is a male human (or portrayed as equivalent to human in the case of some fables and children's stories). In the case of other animates (gods, animals, tools, some natural phenomena), or in the case of human subjects with an intransitive action, or in cases where the human subject is accompanied by a counter (eg plurals), the prefix used is ra-; for inanimates, it is sa-. nà- is used with inanimate mass nouns, when no counter is present (when a counter is present, sa- is used). ku- is used with female human subjects with no counter; angāna- is an honorific. i- is used for subjects that are possessed by something else, unless they are inalienably possessed (in which case lu- is used).
lu- is the 'fourth-person' prefix – that is, it is used with the sense of 'the owner of the thing we're talking about'. du-, the 'fifth person', is used in the vague sense of 'somebody', but with the expectation that there is some specific person being talked about – it's just that the speaker doesn't know who it happens to be. The 'sixth person', yay- is used in the sense of 'the causer or controller' – often someone who has not been explicitly referenced.
These subject prefixes are placed before the root (i.e. after any initial augment). When an initial augment is present, sandhi must be applied where appropriate. For instance, the root s-dil- becomes, with a third person subject, djil-, jadil-, djadil-, jnàdil-, hudil-, sangānadil- or sidil-; dī-dil- yields dīdil-, dijadil-, disadil-, dingàdil-, dīkudil-, dilangānadil- and dīdil-; mu-dil gives mudil-, mujdil-, mujdil-, mùntil-, mukudil-, mangānadil-, and muidil-. This complexity is ameliorated by the small number of complex roots in the language, and the even smaller number of initial augments utilised.
Voice is a ternary category, marked by a suffix. Active voice is unmarked; passive voice is marked by the suffix –ak; antipassive, by the suffix –ut. The use of these voices will be described elsewhere. The suffixes are added to the root directly.
Object agreement is rather more complicated. There are three first-person suffixes (-aw, -awan, -ō), two second-person suffixes (-ut, -angātu), four third-person suffixes (-ar, -as, -i and -/), and one fourth-person suffix (-ul). These are the same as, or transparantly derived from through metathesis, the equivalent subject prefixes. Worth noting is the fact that –ut is the object equivalent of both tu- and ōtu-, that –ō is a formal first-person suffix of either number (-aw being singular and plural exclusive, –awan being plural exclusive), and that zero-marking is used when the object is human and the action is intransitive, or when the subject is human and the action is intransitive. Object agreement follows the root, or the voice suffix if present.
Version agreement is quaternary. The verb agrees with the version of the noun with which the verb as a whole agrees (object or subject), or, if it agrees with both object and subject, it agrees in version with the subject. First version agreement is unmarked; second version is marked by –a; third version is marked by –ang; fourth-version is marked by –i, but is unmarked if either the subject or the object is marked with –i.
Ition is a binary category: andative (motion away from the deictic locus) or venitive (motion toward the deictic locus). The deictic locus will be explained elsewhere. The andative is marked by a zero suffix, while the venitive is marked by the suffix –u, with the exception explained below. This follows the object suffix if present, otherwise the voice suffix if present, and otherwise the root. The moving thing is the argument which which the verb agrees, or the subject if it agrees with both arguments – although the motion may well be metaphorical.
Location is also a binary category: on land or at sea. This interacts with the ition suffix thusly: andative + maritime = -ni; venitive + maritime = –ai; venitive+terrestrial = –u. Otherwise, the terrestrial is marked by -a, and the maritime is marked with -i. It is important to note that location follows the terminal augment if there is one, and thus may be separated from the ition suffix – in this case, the equations mentioned do not apply. For example, sakkung-t with first-person object, active voice, gives, in the four ition/location combinations: sakkungota, sakkungoti, sakkungòuta, sakkungòuti; sakkung- in the same inflexions gives sakkungawa, sakkungi, sakkungu, sakkungai. In the passive with a third-person inanimate object, sakkung- yields sakkungakasa, sakkungakajni, sakkungakasu, sakkungakasai; in the same inflexions, sakkung-t- yields sakkungakatta, sakkungakatti, sakkungakasuta, sakkungakasuti. In the active, and with zero (or no) object suffix, lefi- yields lefia, lefini, lefiu, lefiai.
It is important to note that not all verbs are marked for both subject and object agreement. Indeed, only verbs in so-called 'directive' text do so – 'directive' text is any conversation in which the interlocutor is directly addressed, or in which the speaker uses the first-person. In general, directive text is avoided where possible, and is usually found only in relatively formal or intimate contexts – among those who are not family, and who are not talking to their direct superiors, the use of directive text will be perceived as hostile, and possible offensive. An analogue might be the decision to add 'sir' to the end of every English sentence when talking to a stranger (and outside a business situation).
In non-directive ('discursive') text, either the subject or object may be marked, but not both. This decision is largely lexical – some verbs (dynamic verbs) generally mark the subject and other verbs (stative verbs) generally mark the object. Some verbs can mark either – often with a change in meaning. For example, savota means "it strikes sth.", while votasa means not "it is struck" but "it is broken by a blow". Every dynamic verb can be transformed into a stative verb and vice-versa – but in practice, many verbs are only commonly used in one form or the other, or have one form take on a particularly restricted or metaphorical meaning. For example, rasakkunga means "they kick", but sakkungara means "they feel attacked by new news and developments when they are already unhappy" and is a less common expression.
In addition to dynamic and stative verbs, a third species exists: motive verbs. These are intransitive by definition and only ever mark agreement with the subject – even in directive text. They generally deal with motion, as the name implies, but also include a small number of 'procedural', 'performative' and 'textual' verbs. Examples of these include bortat- ("prepare a meal", procedural), kal- ("undress for bed", procedural), iur- ("I resign", performative), lai- ("I accept", performative), i- ("I disown you", performative), hut- ("go away!", performative), nos- ("remember these words being said", textual), and yùt- ("believe this statement", textual). Of these, the performatives are of particular note, as they exist only with first-person agreement, and in a number of cases this is zero-marked. For example, ia is the andative terrestrial of of i-, and iura is the andative terrestrial of iur-; however, the andative terrestrial of lai- is walai, with overt person marking but no overt location marking (one of only a handful of irregular verbs in this regard).
The use of terrestrial and maritime location is also worth commenting on. Generally, these markers mean exactly that – they say whether the event occurred on land or at sea. However, there are cases when the maritime marker is used even when the event occurred on land. Typically, this indicates uncertainty, alienation from others, riskiness, lack of wisdom or moral uprightness, unclear aims or consequences, lack of knowledge by the speaker of the details of the action, and so forth – generally a sense of being 'far away' and 'beyond/without help'. It is also often used for events on land that are not the home island itself – particularly if performed by people who are only 'passing through'. The terrestrial marker can sometimes be used for actions at sea, but more narrowly – mostly, it is fair to say that an event is 'on land' if a person could still easily swim to solid land (which can include swimming down – events passing over reefs can often be 'on land').
3.2 The Concrete Verb
The concrete state of a verb can be formed from the liquid state through affixes. In the case of most dynamic and active verbs, this means adding the prefix a- and the suffic –an; in the case of motive verbs, it means adding the prefix to- and the suffix –an. There are also a small number of verbs in which it means adding the prefix kà- and the suffix –a, or the prefix a- and the suffix –ō, or a- and –ìan. Finally, there are some verbs which use the normal affixes in most cases, but replace the suffix –an with the suffix –oto if the object is of a certain type (specifically, where the object is a dual). These irregular verbs are a distinct minority. Verbs with final augments place the suffix after the augment and add an infix between root and augment (almost always –a-); verbs with initial augments place the prefix before the augment.
Concrete verbs inflect to agree with their objects. In the case of motive verbs, there is only one core argument, so this is the same as the 'subject' they agree with in liquid state. They agree by means of a prefix. These prefixes are the same as the subject prefixes for liquid state verbs, except that the only first-person prefixes are su- (singular or exclusive) and wa- (inclusive plural), and that with a female object, the same prefix is used as for a male (i.e. ra- or zero); it should be noted also that the rules for zero-marking match those for zero-marked objects in the liquid state. Furthermore, the fourth, fifth and sixth-person prefixes are not used. It is worth reiterating that although in the liquid state wa- indicates singular or exclusive, it indicates inclusive in the concrete state.
Concrete verbs also, in very limited way, inflect to agree with their subjects: this is only true to the extent that a verb that would be dynamic if it were in its liquid state that has a feminine subject will take ku- in place of the concrete prefix a-, and ko- in place of the concrete prefix to-.
Concrete state verbs do not take voice marking. Nor do they take ition marking. They do, however, inflect for location: terrestrial location is zero-marked, while maritime location is marked by –i. This suffix follows the concrete suffix.
For example, "it (inanimate) is kicked" is asasakkungan or asasakkungani. "She touches heads with him" is kulefìan – the root-final –i takes an accent by analogy with –ìan concretes, and the human subject takes zero marking because the action is intransitive (the details of transitivity will be explained elsewhere).
3.3 Non-Finite Forms of the Verb
Rawàng Ata has not one but three types of infinitive. The simple infinitive is used to refer to an instance or example of the verb but without commenting on its subjects, objects, ition, or location; the abstract infinitive is used to refer to the general concept of the verb. The simple infinitive comes in liquid and concrete states. The difference between simple and abstract infinitive often corresponds to definite/indefinite and undetermined abstract nouns in English – so, for instance, rawàng, the simple infinitive, might be glossed as 'the agreement' or 'an agreement', and sakkungàng might be glossed as 'the kick' or 'a kick', while asàrawani might be glossed 'agreement', and asàsakkungani might be glossed 'kicking'.
As can be seen from these examples, the simple infinitive adds the suffix –àng, while the abstract adds the prefix asà- and the suffix –ani. Concrete simples are simply formed from the concrete form of the verb. Verbs with final augments add the suffixes after the augment and an infix between root and augment unless in the concrete state already (-a- for simple infinitives, –asà- for abstracts, with this prefix becoming a- when these abstract infix is present), while verbs with initial augments add the prefix after the augment. Thus, sakkung-t- has the simple liquid infinitive sakkungatàng, the simple concrete infinitive asakkungatanàng, and the abstract infinitive asakkungasàtani; mu-dil has the three infinitives, mudilàng, kàmudilāng, and muasàdilani; lefi- gives lefiàng, alefiànang, and asàlefiani.
3.4 Verbal Accompaniments
Verb phrases in Rawàng Ata involve at least one verb, and can also involve varies small subsidiary words. These words are articles, verbal-nominal particles, adverbs, and motifs.
Articles are short, uninflectable words that precede the verb. They are a relatively small closed class, and they usually carry aspectual, modal, or definiteness information. The most important article is wā – the definite article. This indicates that the action being discussed is not a new action, but is the same action that has been mentioned earlier in the discourse. It contrasts with tò, the antidefinite, which indicates that the action is emphatically not the same as any action mentioned previously, no matter what the assumption, but is 'a different instance of' the action. Other example articles are: dai, the mirative, which indicates the surprise of the speaker, or their doubt of the event's veracity, ū, which indicates that the event did not happen (and can have negative or irrealis implications) and no, the distributive, which indicates that for each appropriate object, the action is performed at least once (rather than to all the objects simultaneously).
Verbal-nominal particles are an even smaller closed class: there are only three of them, and can perhaps be considered a part of the verb itself, as they are entirely lexically determined. The three particles are uya, ika and ama – in general, ika is likely to be used with stative verbs, ama with dynamic verbs, and uya with motive verbs, but this is only a guideline. The particles have no real meaning in their own right, but serve syntactically as dummy nouns referring cataphorically to the associated verb, as verbs cannot directly take the place of nouns. The particle precedes the verb, and when appearing in the direct case (ie without suffix) and without any intervening element, it is pronounced as part of the verb itself. In these cases we will mark it with a hyphen. Any article will intervene between particle and verb.
Motifs are a larger class. They are uninflectable particles that follow the verb. They are mostly the same as the motifs that follow nouns. As with nouns, they often suggest more abstract meanings, or specify paths and participants and perspectives. For example, raw-, "agree, settle, rest, fix, treat" becomes raw- ata, "come to concord together, speak one language with"; similarly, lefi-, "touch heads with" becomes lefi- ata, "have a romantic orgy with". Birk- mean "scrape"; birk- tos means "skin from head to toe"; birk– hen means "scrape down to the bone". Similarly, luluaiu- means "lick a tasty liquid from the surface of", and luluaiu- tos means "lick a tasty liquid from the surface of, from head to toe"; ràj- means "look at admiringly", while ràj- hen means "inquire deeply into the underlying nature of something apparently admirable or attractive". Many motifs are simple prepositions, particularly when applied to motive verbs: dong- means "shuffle or slowly and bouncingly roll, or travel in a cart", while dong- aban means "shuffle or slowly and bouncingly roll, or travel in a cart, across a street or over a river".
Adverbs are also a large class, but not entirely open. Adverbs agree with the verb in location but in nothing else. They precede the verb, but follow any article.
3.5 Serial verbs
Serial verb constructions are very important in Rawàng Ata. A sequence of verbs can be placed together to convey simultaneous or in some way unitary action. These sequences are not strictly idiomatic, but nor are they entirely open – they are best learnt as units, although innovative sequences are also found. In a serial verb construction, the subject of each verb must be the same, and this may require the use of passive or antipassive voices. Each verb must agree in location, but will share no other affixes (other than concrete state marking if appropriate). Instead, prefixes are placed on the first verb, and suffixes are placed on the last. For example: the verbs ti- ("move to perform an action on a small-ish object") and luìk- ("pick up and hold) together form the serial verb construction ratia luìku – "he/it comes here and picks up the…"
Any of the verbs in a serial verb construction may be modified by an article, article or motif, although in general there will be one 'light' (often motive) and one 'heavy' verb, with the heavy verb taking all modifiers.


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Following is the full transcript of workplace conflict and bullying consultant, Caroline Dean's TEDx Talk: How I Didn't Become a Victim to Bullying at TEDxQueenstown conference. This event occurred on April 19, 2015.
Caroline Dean – Workplace conflict and bullying consultant
Today, I'm going to tell you my story. And it's the first time I've spoken publicly about it. Thank you.
And I'm feeling quite apprehensive about it. And, as Mary said, it's actually been far more challenging getting to this point than I had realized. I felt fine about it, until I got to New Zealand. And, as the days got closer, I've got even less fine about it.
Last month, Jeremy Clarkson, who's a Top Gear host, punched his producer in the face, and he was fired. He'd been warned multiple times about his behavior. In 2014, he was given a final warning. One million people petitioned BBC to have him reinstated, but, if you notice, the producer is missing from the conversation. We don't know what kind of impact this has had on him, but we do know that Clarkson's fans have blamed him for this situation. He's been relentlessly pursued on social media.
The question I ask all of you is: who's the victim and who's the villain in this scenario? And just because Clarkson's popular and famous doesn't make what he did right. I've always been fascinated by right and wrong. At 10, I wrote a short story about what it would be like to be in solitary confinement. I wondered what it would be like to live in a small cell that I couldn't leave. In my 30s, I taught life skills to minimum security prisoners on day release.
At university, I studied crime and criminal justice. And some years later, I went to work in a maximum security prison. It was the most interesting and exciting job I'd ever had, but it was also the hardest. A coronial report into suicides of five male prisoners, in a four-month period, found gross inadequacies in the system. The recommendation to change from warehousing prisoners to rehabilitation was why I was employed. My role was to develop pre and post-release programs to support long-term prisoners ready to get back into the community. I was full of idealism, ideas and energy. And, though I thought I knew what it would be like to work in a maximum security prison, I really had no idea. It was the most toxic and boiling system I'd ever worked in. I didn't realize it at the time, though, but it would redefine my work from here on in, and it opened my eyes to a world of bullying and gave me the idea that we should be addressing bullying differently.
While I worked at the prison, I was bullied every day. Some days it was subtle, and I wondered if I'd imagined it. At other times, it was very direct. I was accused of trafficking contraband items, I was investigated routinely for alleged security violations, I was verbally threatened, and I was physically cornered. I felt safer in the company of prisoners than I did with my own colleagues, and I built relationships with them based on respect and compassion. They trusted me and, for the most part, I trusted them.
By contrast, my colleagues operated as separate individuals. Everyone was out for themselves. There was zero trust, and we were pitted against each other. When I couldn't summon the energy to go into the prison, I took refuge in my office outside the prison grounds. My resilience lowered – pardon me – and I was emotionally exhausted. I operated in a state of hypervigilance and fear, even when I wasn't at work. I expected the worst all the time. It affected me, my family and my relationships, and it took over my life completely. I worked in the prison for four years, and, when I left, the bullying still didn't stop.
I continued to tutor prison students on a voluntary basis, and I was falsely accused of supplying a prisoner with the plans to the new prison, which, I might add, were freely available in the public domain. As a result, I was banned from every prison in Australia for life. When I left the prison service, I suffered severe anxiety and regular panic attacks. I was self-destructive, obsessed with what had happened to me, unable to do even the most basic things, like shop or pay the bills or cook for my family. I thought about suicide. I suffered a complete breakdown, and was unable to work for some years. Though this situation sounds extreme, it's actually more common than you'd think. One conversation I had with the director of the prisons was revealing. I expressed concern about noticing that management were bullying staff. He told me that, as far as he was concerned, there was no one being bullied because no one had reported it.
72% of employers deny, discount and defend bullying behavior. The director of prisons was a case in point. Staff told me that being bullied was common for them, but they're adamant that they weren't going to make a complaint. They told me it was a quick way to end their career. One wonders how long the BBC producer might last in his role, and, by the way, his name is Oisin Tymon, he's 38 and he comes from Ireland. Following my prison experience, it would have been easy to believe that people are born bullies and deliberately want to cause others harm. Instead, I realized what happened to me was cultural, not personal. I knew that I wasn't the only one being affected. Staff and management were all products of their environment, and, in this environment, it was normal practice to treat others badly.
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What a week!
The week started off with a bang on Monday. I had a nice workout in first thing in the morning and then it quickly went down hill from there. I dropped my iphone (of course it didn't have it's case on). It now has a large crack down the center of the screen. Soon after a large wooden car hit me in the temple as my son swung it around. Fabulous.
All this happened before 7 a.m.
When I got to work, I told my coworkers, based on the events of the day already, it was going to be a shitty day. And guess what? It was so freaking chaotic. To top it all off, on Thursday, my son started throwing up. I'm hoping and praying that the plague doesn't wipe my house out.
So to say I'm ready for Friday is a huge understatement.
I was ready by 8 a.m. Monday morning.
Let's all high five Friday together, k?
5 Favorites from Instagram
- Pumpkin Pie Millet – I thought I was over pumpkin till September. Nope. Loving this. I made a double batch so it's ready to go first thing in the morning. Heat and eat!
- Side plank with a leg lift is one of my least favorite core exercises. It burns, I quake. Proof that I need to do it more.
- Post hill climb on the treadmill + weights. I may not love the treadmill but I'm thankful for it every single day that I can get a killer workout without leaving my house. Try THIS workout and you'll be thankful too!
- Topo Athletic Shoes – I won these from Miss Zippy a few weeks ago. Initial thought? Camel toe! 😉 After I stopped giggling, I tried them on. My big toe didn't get the split toes. It wanted to hang out with the others. Once I figured out how to put them on, I found they were actually really, really comfortable. I'm giving my foot/tendon a little bit more healing time before I test them out on a run. I'll keep you posted.
- Cooper! Love my puppy dog.
5 Links
- Photographic Series Showing What 200 Calories Looks Like in Different Food — If this is proof to eat real food to feel more satisfied (and you get to eat way more), I don't know what is. Very eye opening!
- Voga – Yoga + Voguing = Voga. Ever hear of it? Supposedly it's the next big thing. I love the 80s and all but I'm just not sure about this one. I'd go just for the music. And to wear a scrunchie again.
- #FFCheckin – Looking to stay motivated and accountable for your fitness goals? I think we all need a little support no matter where we are in our health and fitness journey. Cause that's what it is – a journey, not a destination. I'll be checking in and I highly suggest you do the same. Get on instagram and let's support each other!
- The Body Shop: Not so fast! – No one wants to be told to slow down, especially in running. But this article from Runner's World is a great reminder to slow down your strength training exercises to reap the most benefits (particularly getting faster!).
- Meg's Miles – I'm sure most of you have heard about the horrible, senseless death of a Virginia runner early Monday morning. Meg, a mother of three young children, was out for her morning run when a drunk driver struck and killed her. It could have been any of us. A virtual memorial run is planned for tomorrow, January 18, to help raise awareness of drunk driving, texting and driving and overall safety of runners and cyclists everywhere. I'm planning on running for Meg even if it's one mile. Will you?
What are you high fiving today?


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Journal Article
Characterizing reduced coverage regions through comparison of exome and genome sequencing data across 10 centers. Genet Med. 2017 ;..
Clinical Sequencing Exploratory Research Consortium: Accelerating Evidence-Based Practice of Genomic Medicine. Am J Hum Genet. 2016 ;98(6):1051-66..
Mutations in EBF3 Disturb Transcriptional Profiles and Cause Intellectual Disability, Ataxia, and Facial Dysmorphism. Am J Hum Genet. 2017 ;100(1):117-127..


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Pockets of growth sustain strong demand that is balancing supply, inspiring positive growth and keeping rents steady
Adelaide is very much a middle-of-the-pack property market, as employment troubles are keeping SA from making real strides. However, with parts of the area drawing interest from buyers, the capital remains afloat.
"South Australia remains a steady marketplace characterised by supply and demand levels that are very much in tune with each other," says Charles Tarbey, chairman and owner of Century 21 Australasia.
"Even though the state has struggled in retaining industry, property prices are fair and affordable. Growth has been relatively flat, with a 0.1% increase over the November 2017 quarter; however, I believe it is still a good state to invest in."
Auction results have been supporting this case – Adelaide's clearance rate increased in 2017 compared to 2016.
"As of December 2017, Sydney and Melbourne have recorded significant declines over the same time last year; however, South Australia has appeared to buck this trend," Tarbey says.
Rental affordability improves
Suburbs to look out for include those near the Adelaide CBD, such as Prospect, Walkerville, Campbelltown and Unley. These prestige spots appeal strongly to buyers.
"Buying in Prospect and Walkerville is paying dividends for long-term property owners," says Gregg Harris, general manager of NAB South Australia.
"These suburbs have experienced the strongest value growth over the past decade, according to the latest Core Logic data – together classified as a capital city region, they saw a 40.1% growth in residential property values for the 10 years to October 2017."
The developments happening in Prospect are expected to sustain growth in the near future.
"There is an insatiable demand for city-fringe living. Many large, older homes are being replaced with multistorey apartment buildings," Harris says.
"The suburb is well connected to the Adelaide CBD, with buses and a nearby train line, while it is also close to a number of shopping complexes, healthcare centres and both public and private schools."
Across Adelaide, rental rates largely remained steady over the 2016–17 period, at a median rental rate of $340 per week for a three-bedroom house. At the same time, the proportion of income needed to pay rent decreased, boosting rental affordability.
The affordability of housing improved for buyers as well, with the proportion of income needed to settle monthly loan payments falling by 1.5% over the September 2017 quarter to 25.3%.
EVANSTON: Houses in demand in Gawler suburb
In this suburb of Gawler, a town north of Adelaide, the house market is doing well, as values maintained a positive growth trend over the five years to December 2017.
Despite the consistent increase in values, the median price of such properties remains low, at $285,553.
This comes with a high average rental yield of 4.9%, making it a good prospect for investors looking for both long- and short-term value.
On the flip side, units are seeing a steady drop in values, pushing the median price to just slightly over $130,000. However, rental returns are remarkably high, at a staggering 7.5%.
Yield: Average yields around 5-7% are delivering good returns for investors
Affordability: Landlords on a budget can purchase a unit in Evanston in the low-$100K range
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Johannesburg - American pop star, Jason Derulo, has reportedly apologised to South African fans for insulting them on a recent trip to South Africa.
Jason caused a Twitter storm earlier this month when during a performance at the South African of the Year Awards in Johannesburg, he asked fans if they spoke English.
"My words were directed at a specific table," he told the Daily Sun at the MTV European Music Awards this past weekend.
"I felt disrespected because they were not listening to what I was saying. I just needed to clear the air a bit. Hopefully people will understand," he added.
Jason says he enjoyed his stay in South Africa, but has been left hurt by the backlash he received after his comments.
"All in all, I want to apologise for the way I made South Africans feel over the misunderstanding," Jason says.
Do we forgive him or is it too late?


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To provide you with the best endodontic care possible, we renovated our office in 2011. Our facility now offers the latest technology available.
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1. Eat a Healthy Meal Before Trick or Treating: Although everyone in the family is bound to eat and receive lots of candy, eating a healthy meal beforehand will help your family fill up on nutritious foods instead of filling up on all that sugar! Don't forget, that trick-or-treat candy can last a whole year—it doesn't have to be eaten in one night!
2. Remember Your Teeth: Halloween is definitely a time to indulge in some sweet treats, but be sure your children brush and floss after each time they eat their candy to keep their smile healthy.
3. Examine the Treats: Take a close look at the candy your child receives. Don't let your child eat anything that looks questionable or that isn't sealed properly.
4. Have Fun and Be Safe: Enjoy your time with your family and be sure to accompany your trick-or-treaters as they are out and about.
From Everyone at Harlingen Family Dentistry, Edinburg Family Dentistry, Brownsville Family Dentistry and Raymondville Family Dentistry, Happy Halloween!


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We offer private lessons in pole, chair dance, floorwork, flexibility, twerk, and more! Private lessons are a fantastic option for students who prefer a more exclusive setting over group classes or who are looking to progress at their own pace, whether that is more or less quickly than the pole curriculum taught in the group classes. Private lessons allow you to work one-on-one with our knowledgeable instructors to focus on achieving your goal of more pole tricks, better dance flow, additional conditioning exercises, or flexibility training!
Email firstname.lastname@example.com to request a private lesson with one of our instructors!
- 60 Minute Private Lesson
- $65
- Expires in 90 days
- 60 Minute Semi-Private Lesson (2 people)
- $90 ($45 per person)
- Expires in 90 days


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Sweet Creativity
September 12, 2018
On August 30th, 2018, the Visual Arts Club designed and created a banner for homecoming. Many students joined and participated in creating the banner. Some even drew ideas of their own! September 5th students began to paint their drawings.
Let's give you a few sneak peek of what types of paintings you'll be seeing at the dance. The students participated in painting the banner with bright cute colors. There was a lot of great team effort and the banner looks amazing! One student painted lollipops with multiple such as purple, pink, and orange. Another student painted a lollipop mixed with blue and red. There are many more designs created by students, that will make you say "WOW" .
You will love these sweet creations and you will get to see them at the homecoming dance! You will be seeing lollipops, peppermint candies, gummy bears, and a Spartan holding a lollipop! Their creations are definitely a work of art. The two paintings that really screams candy are the 3d painted peppermint candy and the 3d painted gummy bear! Hope you are excited and can't wait to see you there.


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Noble Group's debt swells by nearly $1bn in H1
The company battles further decline as debt grows over financial constraints
Noble Group, the commodity trader that's fighting to escape a spiral of decline, said net debt surged by almost US$1 billion over the first six months as its business was hurt by constrained access to funds.
Net debt expanded $945 million to $3.82bn at the end of June from $2.87bn at the end of 2016, the Hong Kong-based company said in a statement on Thursday that confirmed a second-quarter loss. The board has given priority to a reduction in indebtedness over the next two years, it said.
Read more:
ADFG's Goldilocks ups stake in Noble Group
Goldilocks finds distressed energy firms just right
More than two years into a crisis punctuated by accounting criticisms, a collapse in its securities and concern it may default, Noble has been selling assets, reshuffling its senior team and seeking an investor. The loss was flagged last month, when the company also announced the sale of its gas and power unit and said it was looking for buyers for its oil liquids business. The reduction in Noble's scale, with the company pulling back to its Asian roots, has spurred speculation it may not be able to service its obligations.
"The group has been facing significant credit constraints, and availability under its uncommitted bank facilities saw a material decline," it said in the statement. "This has impacted trading and earnings generation capacity." The company added that the constraints prevented it from taking advantage of profitable trading opportunities.
Noble Group's shares closed 2.8 per cent lower at 35 Singapore cents before the earnings statement was released. The company, which was founded by Chairman-Emeritus Richard Elman, has lost more than 90 per cent of its market value since 2015.
The rise in net debt was reported as the company said it lost $1.75bn in the second quarter, the bulk of which was from write-downs on the value of long-term contracts, as well as losses from supply chains. Revenue fell 19 per cent to $10.1bn in three months to June from a year earlier.
Read more:
Noble Group set to drown in a perfect storm'
The valuation of the long-term contracts has come under particular scrutiny from Noble's critics, including Iceberg Research, a long-time foe that's said they were inflated. Over the years, the company has defended its accounting, and said the researcher, which doesn't disclose the identity of its staff, is run by a disgruntled ex-employee.
Elman's successor, Paul Brough, is heading up a strategic review. In the July profit warning, the company said the board concluded that as part of the review "a more conservative balance sheet valuation should be implemented." It added that more writedowns may be in store, saying: "Further additional non-cash valuation adjustments may be recorded."
Updated: August 10, 2017 05:27 PM


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Simply stunning! That's one way to describe this key turn property. The interior has been designed with a tasteful eye and the gardens are beautifully landscaped. The home is situated on a private development that sites 22 park homes and offers all year round residency for over 55's. Within walking distance to town amenities and bus route. The accommodation briefly comprises, entrance hall, large lounge/diner, modern fitted kitchen/breakfast room, family bathroom, two double bedrooms and master en-suite. Upvc double glazed and gas central heated via a newly fitted combination boiler with a five year warranty. Two driveways. This is a fantastic opportunity for anyone seeking privacy and security. Call today for viewing arrangements.
Upvc double glazed external door allows access into the property. Linen cupboard. Radiator. Doors leading off. Loft access.
Two upvc double glazed windows to the front elevation. Upvc double glazed window to the side elevation. Feature electric fire. TV and telephone points. Two radiators. Coved ceiling. Door to kitchen.
Upvc double glazed window to the side elevation. Modern fitted kitchen with a range of wall and base units with work surfaces over. Built in oven with gas hob and concealed extractor fan over. Inset sink and drainer with mixer tap over. Unit lighting. Radiator. TV point. Part tiled surrounds. Integrated dishwasher, fridge and freezer. Cupboard housing New Worcester boiler with five year. Upvc double door to the side elevation.
Upvc double glazed window to the side elevation. Radiator. Door to dressing room and en-suite. TV point.
Ample hanging space and storage.
Upvc double glazed window to the side elevation. Three piece suite comprising, double shower cubicle, low flush WC and vanity wash hand basin with tiled surrounds.
Upvc double window to the side elevation. Radiator. Built in wardrobes with ample hanging space. TV point.
Upvc double glazed window to the front elevation. Three piece suite comprising, panelled bath, low flush WC and vanity wash hand basin. Part tiled surrounds. Radiator.
Two block paved driveways allowing off road parking. Gate allows access to the side garden which has been neatly paved with a gravelled seating area. Bound by fencing with trellis and ornate outside lighting. The rear garden is raised and has been landscaped with steps and handrails. The garden offers ease of maintenance with feature dwarf wall with inset flower beds. Two further seating areas where sunshine can be enjoyed. Useful outside store. External power point. Water supply.
Ground Rent £152 per month. Utilities are quarterly and it is cheaper than your average bungalow to run. Newly fitted boiler
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With May quickly approaching, so is National Moving Month and it's important to be prepared, educated and ready before a big move. National Moving month is not only the start of the busiest time of the year for moving companies, but also a time for consumers who enjoy house hunting in the beautiful spring weather. My Moving Reviews reports that in 2017, 63% of all residential moves were made during the months of May through October. During those months, the busiest day for moving was Friday, accounting for almost 20% of moves in 2017. United Van Lines studies show that Alabama was in the top ten inbound moving states for the year of 2017. Scammers, too, are aware of this very lucrative market and are constantly looking for ways to exploit unsuspecting movers.
Rising costs plus the coordination effort required makes moving stressful enough without adding the threat of possible scams. To help avoid some of the headaches associated with moving, here are some tips to help reduce moving costs as well as avoid potential scams. In addition to researching the moving company beforehand at bbb.org and getting at least three estimates from different movers, consider the following:
- Unload what you don't need. The weight of the load is a large determining factor in the price of the move, so make sure that you are only taking things that you want, or that will fit in your new space. Nobody wants to pay for things they won't be able to use.
- Time it right. Moving in the middle of the month is the least expensive time to move as movers are busiest in the beginning and end of the month as that is when leases are up.
- Save on Boxes. Purchasing used and recycled boxes and pack small items yourself to reduce the amount of time the movers will have to spend packing.
- Plan and Organize. Snap pictures of your new home and draw on them so the movers will know in advance where to put your items.
- Cover your items. A benefit to using professional movers is that you can insure items. While this may cost extra, it will be well worth it in the long run if anything breaks. Before purchasing coverage from the movers, check and see if your items are covered under your homeowner's insurance.
- Snag a tax break. If you are moving due to a job change, you may be able to save money on some moving expenses. To see if you qualify check the IRS website or consult a tax expert.
How to Spot a Moving Scam
- Does the mover refuse to make a house call for an estimate? Walk away.
- Does the mover offer a much lower estimate than other companies? Be very skeptical of this offer.
- Does the mover pick up your possessions and then increase the price? Insist on getting a written quote before the move takes place and pay by credit card if possible. This will allow you to dispute an overcharge that you did not approve.
- Does the mover ask or attempt to force you to sign a blank or incomplete document before they will deliver the shipment? Don't sign it! You may be authorizing additional charges for the move, without having an opportunity to review the charges. Make sure to get a completed, written contract describing all the terms and charges related to the move.
Source: Better Business Bureau of North Alabama, My Moving Reviews and United Van Lines
To report a scam, go to the BBB Scam Tracker. To find trustworthy businesses, go to https://www.bbb.org


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Consistent overuse of the muscles in the foot often produces a condition that is known as a stress fracture. Repeated impact that comes from running or jumping activities can cause the muscles to lose shock absorption, and the result may be a small fracture in the bone. It is possible that stress fractures can be prevented when the feet are strong. This can be accomplished by incorporating a healthy diet into your lifestyle, wearing shoes that fit correctly, and gradually increasing the power of your workout. The symptoms that are associated with stress fractures include pain while walking or completing daily activities, tenderness if the foot is touched, or possible bruising. If you feel you have a stress fracture, it is suggested to consult with a podiatrist who can guide you toward proper treatment options.
Stress fractures occur when there is a tiny crack within a bone. To learn more, contact one of our podiatrists from Sayville Foot Care. Our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain free and on your feet.
How Are They Caused?
Stress fractures are the result of repetitive force being placed on the bone. Since the lower leg and feet often carry most of the body's weight, stress fractures are likely to occur in these areas. If you rush into a new exercise, you are more likely to develop a stress fracture since you are starting too much, too soon. Pain resulting from stress fractures may go unnoticed at first, however it may start to worsen over time.
Risk Factors
Stress fractures do not always heal properly, so it is important that you seek help from a podiatrist if you suspect you may have one. Ignoring your stress fracture may cause it to worsen, and you may develop chronic pain as well as additional fractures.
If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Sayville, NY. We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.Read more about Stress Fractures of the Foot and Ankle