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Above: First Nations climate change research partners: (l-r) Carol Audet, Denise Golden, and Professor Peggy Smith
Denise Golden recounts the hospitality she experienced at a fly-in Nishnawbe Aski Nation (NAN) community earlier this year while conducting research for her PhD in Forest Sciences. During a cold winter night the community's diesel generator failed, leaving the community without heat, electricity, or running water. Over the night the community pulled together to ensure everyone was taken care of. The next morning Golden was craving coffee and went out for a walk to warm up. While on her walk, she met up with a local woman whose home was equipped with a portable generator, and was invited in for some coffee.
Denise Golden's experience that cold January morning helps illustrate the changes that are taking place between researchers and First Nations community members. According to Carol Audet, NAN Director of Lands and Resources, "In the past, the relationship between academic researchers and First Nations communities has been sketchy at best." Research did not emphasize consent and was sometimes used for the researcher's own benefit, without regard for the communities' benefit.
Golden's work is supervised by Dr. Peggy Smith, associate professor in the Faculty of Natural Resources Management as well as Carol Audet. All three women are working to ensure that NAN communities will benefit from the research while providing information for Golden's doctoral research.
During Golden's field work, she travelled over 6,000 km, staying in ten of the 49 NAN communities. Over this three-month period she conducted 45 interviews which spanned a geographic area of over 110,000 square kilometres. Her research took her to communities from near the northern Manitoba border to the eastern James Bay coast.
Denise Golden's research is focused on studying the effects of climate change on the land and the community members who rely so dearly on these lands. A two-way knowledge exchange was part of the research project design from the onset. For example, Golden would learn of novel climate observations from traditional land users, and she, in turn, would share the latest scientific knowledge on climate change and boreal forest carbon cycles with them. Through this approach, Golden hopes that the research will bridge First Nations and scientific views.
Another anticipated outcome of Golden's research is to better equip the communities in their own land management decisions and climate change adaption activities. In late 2010, the Ontario government passed The Far North Act in order to, among other things, address climate change. According to Audet, the Act will have a negative effect on far north First Nations communities, as it sets aside and limits their traditional lands as protected areas. Golden points out that permanent road building may not be permitted through some areas. Currently, ice roads in winter are the only option for the economical transportation of goods and services into these remote communities – and the seasonal roads are already being compromised by a changing climate.
Golden also hopes her research will find new ways to look at climate change issues. It brings First Nations' voices and perspectives into the climate change discussion, which is often overlooked. "They live in the forest, know the land, and understand there are changes going on there. Their knowledge may shed light on things that science has not considered," says Golden. Part of the research is documenting those observed changes. Many of the land users whom Golden met are observing changes that are corroborated by climate researchers. "What is coming out in the scientific reports, you also hear in the communities," she says.
Editors Note
Funding for this project was provided by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Professor Harvey Lemelin, Lakehead University SSHRC Research Chair in Parks and Protected Areas, NAN, and the communities Denise Golden visited.
Jason Dampier (Dipl For'98, BSc'98, MScF '06) is one of several Lakehead students taking part in SPARK – Lakehead, a student writing program sponsored by The Chronicle-Journal.


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It seems we can't find what you're looking for. Perhaps searching can help.
Category: Career Opportunities
We are pleased to advertise 14 Early-Stage Researcher (PhD) positions to begin in 2019, as part of the Innovative Training Network of the European Commission "LOGIC LAB". The LOGIC LAB projects aims to develop a new concept of molecular logic sensors for application in intracellular diagnostics. Expertise in the field of classical molecular logic gates will be combined with state-of-the-art research approaches in synthetic, supramolecular and theoretical chemistry, spectroscopy as well as microfluidics and cell biology to establish new tools for biomedical research. The positions will allow all PhD students to participate in an exciting research and training programme, enhancing their career perspectives in both the academic and non-academic sector. In addition to their individual doctoral projects, all PhD students will benefit from a dedicated training programme comprising of local and network-wide training activities related to the development of scientific knowledge and the enhancement of transferable skills.
Highly competitive and attractive salaries are offered, plus mobility and family allowances as applicable. The successful candidate will be part of the EU-funded Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network (ITN), LOGIC LAB. We are committed to increase the percentage of female scientists and therefore especially encourage them to apply.
Candidates will be required to meet the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Early Stage Researcher eligibility criteria: (http://ec.europa.eu/research/mariecurieactions/). In particular, at the time of appointment candidates must have had less than four years full-time equivalent research experience and must not have already obtained a PhD. Additionally, they must not have resided in the host country for more than 12 months in the three years immediately before the appointment.

subset: commoncrawl


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Regarded Aspects Concerning the Acquiring of Durable Medical Equipment
When treating patients, the medical industry has taken huge steps in introducing medical technologies.To treat patients with better precision using medical equipment such as orthopedic knee braces, knee support, knee brace, knee brace for osteoarthritis, knee brace for running, shoulder braces etcetera, you need durable and quality equipment. When it comes to buying durable medical equipment, it is best practice that you prioritize the health of your patient instead of business-wise thinking. When buying medical equipment for your medical facility or hospital, it is best that you exercise caution. Some of the things that you should know before buying durable medical equipment are discussed in this article.
When acquiring a durable medical equipment, it is important to consider the technical expertise of the supplier as a considerable factor. There are a number of ways in which a technical expert can help you such as helping you know how to operate some medical equipment that is not easy to handle and also offer regular support systems. If you want to know how a medical equipment is used and how it functions best according to your use, then you should seek the help of a technical experts supplier. Services such as support, service maintenance, and repairs should be offered by suppliers of medical equipment. If a medical equipment supplier offers after sales services, then it proves he or she is a technical expert.
When getting medical equipment for your medical facility, it is best that you should consider the reputation of the supplier as a factor. There are some poor quality equipment being sold and poor customer care services being offered by other medical equipment suppliers. Clients of these suppliers are unsatisfied with their unprofessionalism. Suppliers offering quality and durable medical equipment that give after-sales services have a good reputation of good customer care. The internet is a wonderful resource to research on which are the well-known suppliers that offer durable medical equipment. If you want to buy durable medical equipment, then you should look for well-known manufacturers of these gadgets. Another way to know about the reputation of the medical equipment supplier is by checking out their customer reviews and their portfolios that display their achievements.
When buying medical equipment, the factor of cost should be regarded. It is best that one should buy medical equipment for his or her medical facility by using a budget. It is advantageous to look for affordable supplies from medical equipment suppliers that accommodate your monetary allocations. There are some good quality medical equipment sold cheaply but one should be wise in discerning which is best. There are bonuses offered when you buy specific medical equipment. To save more money in the long run, it is recommended that you should get quality and durable medical equipment.
The Essentials of Tools – Getting to Point A


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Cambodia's Ministry of Agriculture and Chinese company Hun Ty met recently to discuss ways of increasing exports of Cambodian products to the Chinese market, which include a potential partnership with Tain Jin Trade Free Zone to promote Cambodian agricultural goods abroad.
"The objective of the meeting is to study the mechanism of exporting agricultural products to China in a fast and efficient manner to meet the needs of the Chinese market, focusing on quality, safety and generating value," the ministry said in a statement.
Hun Ty has already invested $10 million to build a factory on four hectares of land in Phnom Penh's Sen Sok district, according to the ministry.
The company has also signed a memorandum of understanding with the ministry to conduct operations in the country.
Wong Yung, Tain Jin Trade Free Zone's director, said Cambodia has great potential in agriculture, adding that with China now trapped in a trade row with the US, the kingdom must take advantage of the opportunity to strengthen trade ties with the East Asian giant.
"To take advantage of this opportunity, we plan to invest in a processing plant for agricultural products in Preah Sihanouk to meet demand in the Chinese market, especially fish, rice and mango products," Mr Wong said.
"We hope that through the exchange of agricultural products, cooperation, solidarity and friendship between the two countries will be enhanced."
Veng Sakhon, the Minister of Agriculture, expressed support for the companies' plans for Cambodia.
"In the past we produced to guarantee our own food security, but now Cambodia needs to produce for processing and exporting. This will boost national economic growth and alleviate poverty," he said.


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Presumably this is the extra billion to get CommonWell up and running?
Just a reminder of how it's gonna be for the next 20 years:
December 2016
"There are other pieces of business in the DoD," Zane Burke said. "The more they go through and understand the capabilities, the more they say, 'This wasn't in our initial scope, but now that we understand it,'" the Pentagon is expanding the scope of Cerner's work.
"I think you can expect more of those kinds of things within the DoD. Even the core rollout to the theater was not bid as part of the original contract," Burke said, referring to EHR installations outside the U.S. and aboard aircraft carriers.


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To some the mere mention of the Zone Ordinance Committee will have them running for the hills.
Don't panic when you need to see the Zone Ordinance Committee. If you have your ducks in a row you will pass the hearings and quickly get started on the job.
The trick is to know when you need to see them and prepare well for the visit.
The times you will need to see the Zone Ordinance Committee are:
- If A Fence Is Outside Of Regulations Governing Fence Construction
- Your Land Is In An Area Of Historical Importance
- When Your Land Is Within A Particular Zone
- If A Neighbor Objects
- When There Is A Dispute Over Building Or Maintenance Costs
Let's take a closer look.
If A Fence Is Outside Of Regulations Governing Fence Construction
The simple way to avoid coming to the attention of the zoning ordinance committee is to stick to the fencing regulations.
A small bit of research beforehand will make you aware of what you should do.
Fence building regulations cover such areas as overall height, the material used in construction and the color of the finished fence.
Other regulations cover the blocking of light and airflow to a neighbors property and the setback space needed when the fence is on a busy street.
Getting the facts right in the planning stage may make a lot of difference in the long run.
Your Land Is In An Area Of Historical Importance
You should be aware if your land is in an area of historical importance.
There are strict regulations governing what can happen in such zones.
If you do want to build a fence you will need to consult the local ordinance committee. They can advise you on all the fencing regulations in the area. Getting the material, height and type of fence right are very important.
Similar rules may apply when your land abuts common land or a right-of-way.
If in doubt find out, is a good rule to follow and one that may save you a lot of trouble.
When Your Land Is Within A Particular Zone
Fence regulations differ across states, counties and always between zones.
You may need to see the Zone Ordinance Committee if your land is within a commercial zone and you want to erect a fence. The rules will vary in height and materials used.
The committee may allow a fence to be topped off with barbed wire if it is over a certain height and there is a security need.
Fences in areas zoned for educational and recreational use may come with a whole raft of regulations and an appearance in front of the ZOC may be required.
If a fence is on land zoned non-residential and is any way different, a call to see the committee is a definite.
If A Neighbor Objects
Erecting a fence on a boundary or within sight of a neighbor's home can cause a lot of problems.
It is always best to consult the neighbor before building.
In many cases, the neighbor may be unhappy and you can solve your differences before construction begins.
When the differences are vast the case may be referred to the zone ordinance committee.
Though this may delay the building process it can be the best way to address any objections.
The alternative is going to court and the costs involved in legal disputes can be high and even be more than the cost of building the fence.
Objections often come with good reason and always take them on board before the situation gets out of hand.
Disputes over maintenance and building costs
It may not always be the zone ordinance committee's job to preside over costs but they can offer guidance in a disagreement.
The committee can decide using guidelines for who is responsible for the maintenance of the fence.
In cases of old fences, it may not always be clear but a quick referral to your local committee may solve a lot of problems.
Call Us
Give us a call when you are thinking of building a fence.
Our experts can guide you from everything including materials, labor and even local planning regulations.
Our team will give you a great quote and advise on what is best when building a fence.


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My funeral instructions (as "inspired/led" – totally impulsively from my old friend, John's* Facebook page)
I will most likely be cremated, so I have specified that I have a special jacket which I must wear to the funeral pyre. each pocket is chock-a-block with crackers, catherine wheels, rockets (stick removed) and those square 'jobbies' that shoot showers of stars and bangs into the sky. The Makaraka crematorium here in "Sleepy Hollow", "little" New Zealand will rock for twenty minutes. #
"Totally crackers"!
from https://www.facebook.com/craig.lock.31


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All-Star games will be Friday August 2. All teams registered with NY Travel Baseball for the Spring and/or Summer will be represented. We will post times next week.
Championship games at MCU Park will be August 28th and 29th. In all divisions the Spring Champion will face the Summer Champion except for Peewee (8U) where the Summer 2nd Place team will face the Summer 1st place team.


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Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), India's leading engineering enterprise under Govt. of India, has invited online applications from eligible and experienced candidates for filling 33 vacancies to the post of Engineers and Supervisors in Electrical, Mechanical and Civil disciplines through direct recruitment to be posted at the Industrial Systems Group (ISG) in Bengaluru. The application process towards the same starts from June 19, 2019 and closes on July 07, 2019 with July 12, 2019 as the last date for receipt of hard copies of applications.
|Name Of The Posts
|Engineers and Supervisors
|Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)
|Educational Qualification
|B.E/B.Tech/Diploma in relevant engineering discipline
|As detailed in the notification
|Job Location
|Salary Scale
|Engineers: Rs. 66,000 per month; Supervisors: Rs 36,850 per month
|Application Start Date
|June 19, 2019
|Application End Date
|July 7, 2019
Age Criteria And Fees
Candidates interested in applying for the post of Engineers and Supervisors through BHEL Recruitment 2019 must not have exceeded 35 years of age as on June 01, 2019 with relaxation (upper age limit) up to 3 years (OBC-NCL), 5 years (SC/ST) and 10 years (PWD) respectively as specified in the notification.
Candidates must pay a prescribed amount of Rs. 200 (Gen/OBC) as application processing through online SBI Collect (net-banking/credit/debit) mode only. However, SC/ST and PWD candidates are exempted from paying the application fee.
South Indian Bank Recruitment 2019 For 160 Probationary Officers; Apply Online Before June 30
BHEL Sector Wise Vacancy Details
|Post Name
|No. Of Vacancies
Educational Criteria
Desirous candidates applying for the post of Engineers and Supervisors through BHEL Recruitment 2019 must possess a B.E/B.Tech/Diploma in Electrical/Electronics/ Controls and Instrumentation/Civil/Mechanical disciplines with minimum 60% marks from a recognized University/Institute with desirable work experience in the relevant domain as specified in the notification here http://www.bhelisg.com:8080/FTARecruitment/FTA_ADV_ISG.pdf
Selection And Pay Scale
The selection of candidates as Engineers and Supervisors through BHEL Recruitment 2019 will be done through Shortlisting and Personal Interview.
Candidates selected as Engineers and Supervisors will be paid an emolument in the following scale:
Engineers: Rs. 66,000 per month
Supervisors: Rs 36,850 per month
South Indian Bank Recruitment 2019 For 385 Probationary Clerks; Earn Up To Rs. 31,540 Per Month
How To Apply
Candidates applying for the post of Engineers and Supervisors must submit their applications on the official BHEL website at http://www.bhelisg.com:8080/FTARecruitment/ from June 19, 2019 onwards.
Candidates must submit their applications on or before July 07, 2019 at http://www.bhelisg.com:8080/FTARecruitment/
Candidates must also take a printout of their submitted application, and send the same along with copies relevant supporting documents to, "AGM (HR), Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Industrial Systems Group, P. B. No. 1249, Prof. CNR Rao Circle, Opp. IISc, Malleswaram Bengaluru - 560 012," on or before July 12, 2019.
The envelope containing the application form and other documents must be superscribed as,"Application for Appointment as Engineer on Fixed Tenure Basis- [Post Code]" or "Application for Appointment as Supervisor on Fixed Tenure Basis[Post Code]," as specified in the advertisement.
Read the detailed notification about BHEL Recruitment for Engineers and Supervisors here http://www.bhelisg.com:8080/FTARecruitment/FTA_ADV_ISG.pdf


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Last Updated on
I always loved a martini glass - the shape, the hold, the feel, the sexiness of it. For every celebration I attended, my present of choice was two Tiffany martini glasses. When I was looking for bar glassware for my very new home bar, I didn't know what to start with after the two Martini glasses I had in my possession. There were so many and what were they all for?
It can be super confusing if you don't know the different between a low ball and a high ball? Hopefully this list of the different bar glassware out there will help you decide what are the most versatile cocktail glasses that you need at home.
You choose and if you feel like having your Old-Fashioned in a Collins Glass well go for it – there are no rules! (I'm leaving beer and wine for another day!)
Bar Glassware for your home bar
We'll start with my favorite – The Martini Glass - so chic, so glamorous with its V shape – I just don't feel right drinking my martini's in any other glass. The whole aim of a cocktail glass was that the cocktail stay warm as you would use the stem to bring it to your mouth. As there is no ice in cocktails in this shape, you want to try and keep it as cold as possible. Also the v shape lets you smell the drink before sipping it!
Have you ever had a Gin and Tonic in Spain? It's served in a Balloon Glass and I don't see why we should serve them that way here. It looks much more summery than a highball glass (coming to that one soon). I wouldn't think of serving my Pomada (Mahon Gin and Lemonade) in any other glass!
LOWBALL/ROCKS/TUMBLER/Old-Fashioned Glass
These are pretty much all the same thing. For that drinks that is served "on the rocks!" like an Old-Fashioned, you'll need a tumbler. This time, as the cocktail inside is full of ice, you can hold it with both hands.
Ever enjoyed a Tom Collins - gin, lemonade and soda water? Then you drank it out of a High Ball glass. It's the soda water that is key here. Highballs usually contain cocktails with a bit of soda water added to them. It's perfect for tall drinks with mixers that are served with a straw (only paper ones please!) such as mojitos! Technically, the collins and the highball are differnt but for your home bar, it doens't really make that much of a difference!
I'm sure you've done many a shot in your time. My new favorite is the Lebanese shot which I had in Cyprus recently: ¾ shot vodka. ¼ shot lemon juice. 2-3 drops of Tabasco sauce and a single pitted olive. They are usually made with thicker shot glasses so you can slam them down on the bar once you've finished shooting the shot!
I find this one so romantic. If you don't know the Nick and Nora glass, it's just a smaller martini glass. They became popular in the Prohibition era - adding even more romanticism to it!
Can't dink a Mint Julep without a Mint Julep Cup. Technically not glass, but copper. Moscow mules also deserve a copper mug. Cold to the touch for those hot summer days!
An umbrella is home in the Tiki Glass. We all love to hate them but they are so much fun. Every bar needs to have one.
Dip in salt and filler up. It's a party glass!
New Orleans' born cocktail has its own glass! Curvy and overly tall. Looks like a hurricane lamp, thus the name!
Always with a handle, so your hands don't burn when you grab an Irish Coffee on those cold snowy nights!
These are just the basics. Have fun picking out your own!
Disclaimer: This post contains affiliate links. If you make any purchase after clicking on a link, then I will receive a commission at no extra cost to you.


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ETUI uses cookies (Cookies Policy for ETUI)
Publication date : 2019
Number of pages : 31
This Working Paper addresses the issue of 'fair' wage growth over the last few decades. It assesses whether growth in real compensation is systematically associated with labour productivity growth and, if so, whether the two have 'decoupled' in recent years. The paper examines country-specific evidence from 25 Member States and finds evidence for a widening of the wage-productivity gap in the 1970s and 1980s which has only been partially closed in recent years.
A link to an online annex is provided where the more technical details of the analysis files for the replication of the analysis are available
Collection: 2019.07
ETUI, Brussels, ISSN 1994-4446, ISSN 1994-4454 (pdf)
Sotiria Theodoropoulou (ETUI)
Sotiria Theodoropoulou
Peter Scherrer, Juliane Bir, Wolfgang Kowalsky, Reinhard Kuhlmann and Matthieu Méaulle


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I took this photo last sunday while out kayaking. It's a little island on the lake and it had some Canadian Gease on it.
Kayak – Island
By Stephen Kellogg | Published March 28, 2010 | Full size is 1280 × 960 pixels
Bookmark the permalink.
3 Responses to Kayak – Island
47whitebuffalo says:
Geese and trees and all the little critters that live with trees. This image has a sense of mystery and a touch of foreboding–or–this is OUR place, tread with care, via the dark trees. I like it!
Stephen Kellogg says:
Wow… three comments… what a treat! Thanks so much for wandering through my blog and leaving your trail of comments. I hope you'll come back soon and continue your journey through my blog. I haven't been able to get out on the lake (been a bit on the cold side) but I really enjoy it when I do. Thanks again for the comments.
47whitebuffalo says:
Hello Stephen! So glad I could 'treat' you to my ramblings. You've got a very nice blogcasa to wander around here. Yes, I expect the lake would be darn cold now. Keep warm.


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Dr Michela Tinelli's research is primarily concerned with the socioeconomic burden of chronic diseases, the development (and investigation of the benefits of) person-centred approaches in social and health care. She is also interested in developing person-relevant outcome measures (PROMs) and their use to inform policy and practice decision-making.
With her work at LSE she develops and applies cost and outcome performance measurements and long-term monitoring system to support person-centred care and inform policy and practice decision-making across settings.
She is currently collaborating with LSE Consulting on several fronts:
- The evaluation of the socioeconomic burden of chronic diseases and their impact on health and wellbeing as well as person experiences.
- The development and implementation of innovative person-centred services for individuals with chronic diseases.
- The development and implementation of person-centred evaluation tools to monitor performance and functioning of social and health care organisation and delivery.
A few examples of current projects with LSE Consulting where she acts as academic leader include: Care Quality Evaluation for chronic diseases, a new service aimed at providing a more clinically effective and cost-effective treatment of asthma; The assessment of benefit and cost-savings of a novel mobile Outpatient Monitor service through measuring effectiveness and economic impact in reducing unnecessary outpatient appointments; The creation of wellbeing and social value indicators to evaluate the social and economic impact of innovation in the arts.
As a quantitative researcher, she has specialist skills in stated preferences techniques and other benefit evaluations in health policy developments, including clinical outcomes, health related quality of life, and patient satisfaction and experiences, which she has applied in benefit and economic evaluations. She also has expertise in survey development and design.
Michela has a PhD (in Health Economics and Primary Care) and an MSc (in Public Health and Health Services Research) from the University of Aberdeen, as well as an MSc (in Pharmacoeconomics) and a Professional Doctorate Degree (in Pharmaceutical Chemistry) from the University of Milan, Italy.
Expertise: chronic disease; health care; health economics; health policy; pharmaceutical chemistry; public health; social care; socioeconomics
Outcomes of an Innovative Outpatient Monitor Service for Gynaecological Patients: The Case Study of the Royal Free HospitalNovember 2017Client: Message DynamicsAuthor: Michela Tinelli
The Value of Treatment for Brain DisordersJune 2017Client: European Brain CouncilAuthors: Martin Knapp & Michela Tinelli
Towards better outcomes in multiple sclerosis by addressing policy change: The International MultiPlE Sclerosis Study (IMPrESS)March 2016Client: F. Hoffmann-La RocheAuthors: Panos Kanavos, Michela Tinelli, Olina Efthymiadou, Erica Visintin, Federico Grimaccia & Jean Mossman
The Value of Early Diagnosis and Treatment in Parkinson's DiseaseMarch 2016Client: European Brain CouncilAuthors: Michela Tinelli, Panos Kanavos & Federico Grimaccia
Applying Discrete Choice Experiments in Social Care ResearchJanuary 2016Commissioned by: NIHR School for Social Care ResearchAuthor: Michela Tinelli
Cost and impact of non-treating severe mental illnesses (SMIs): The case study of schizophreniaJanuary 2015Client: European Brain CouncilAuthors: Michela Tinelli & Panos Kanavos
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Article Text
Introduction The objective of this systematic review is to investigate the effectiveness, efficacy and safety of multiple concomitant lifestyle modification therapies for patients with hypertension or prehypertension.
Methods and analysis Electronic searches will be performed in the Cochrane Library, OVID, EMBASE, etc, along with manual searches in the reference lists of relevant papers found during electronic search. We will identify eligible randomised controlled trials utilising multiple lifestyle modifications to lower blood pressure. The control could be drug therapy, single lifestyle change or no intervention. Changes in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure constitute primary end points, and secondary end points include the number of patients meeting the office target blood pressure, the number of patients reporting microvascular or macrovascular complications, etc. We will extract descriptive, methodological and efficacy data from identified randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We will calculate the relative risk for proportion of patients with a normal blood pressure in the experimental group. Dichotomous data will be analysed using risk difference and continuous data using weighted mean differences, both with 95% CI. We will use the χ2 test and the I2 statistic to assess heterogeneity. We will use the fixed effects model to compute the efficacy unless there is evidence of heterogeneity. If heterogeneity of effect size persists with respect to blood pressure change, further metaregression will be performed within groups. We will examine the potential for publication bias by using a funnel plot.
Dissemination We will synthesise results from RCTs which provide more precise and accurate information on the effect of multiple lifestyle changes on blood pressure. The results of this review will increase the understanding of multiple lifestyle modifications for patients with hypertension or prehypertension.
Trail registration number Our protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42013006476), http://www.crd.your.ac.uk/PROSPERO.
This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Statistics from Altmetric.com
Strengths and limitations of this study
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to investigate the effectiveness, efficacy and safety of multiple lifestyle changes for patients with hypertension.
The results of this systematic review can provide clinicians with useful clinical information to guide their patient care and increase the understanding of lifestyle modifications, as well as motivate patients with hypertension to adopt and maintain multiple lifestyle changes.
The limitation of this systematic review is that it may be difficult to retrieve all the multiple lifestyle modifications for patients with hypertension. We will cooperate with the experienced medical librarian to design an appropriate search strategy, in order to ensure a broad search.
Essential hypertension continues to be an important public health challenge worldwide.1 Hypertension (7%) is the leading cause of death followed by stroke (16.6%) and heart failure (7.3%).2 It is an independent risk factor affecting the development of cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke), chronic kidney disease and peripheral vascular disease.2 Hypertension affects 29.3% of the adult population in the USA.3 It affects almost 18.8% of the Chinese population according to the fourth National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002.4 The Joint National Committee (JNC)-7 created a new category of hypertension, 'prehypertension',5 which is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120–139 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 80–89 mm Hg. Patients in this category are at increased risk for progression to hypertension. Numerous studies emerged later to investigate the risk of prehypertension for various types of adverse outcomes, including stroke, coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality.6–9 From 2005 to 2006, approximately three of eight adults in the USA had blood pressure in the prehypertensive range of 120–139/80–89 mm Hg and roughly one in eight adults had blood pressure in the range of 130–139/85–89 mm Hg.10 Furthermore, the number of patients with hypertension and prehypertension patients is still increasing. Although hypertension and prehypertension affects a large portion of the population, recognition and adequate treatment are less than ideal.11 Despite the availability of multiple effective antihypertensive drugs, hypertension control rates remain poor. Hypertension expenditures represent a significant amount of healthcare resource use.12 The total annual medical expenditures attributed to hypertension including comorbidities are estimated to range from US$108 to US$110 billion.13 As we all known, some antihypertensive drugs may cause side effects such as dizziness, headache, fatigue, chest discomfort, cough and sexual dysfunction, prompting some patients to discontinue therapy.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop and implement non-pharmacological methods (such as salt reduction, weight loss and exercise) to improve prevention and treatment of this major cause of death. As a modifiable risk factor, treatment of prehypertension and hypertension through lifestyle changes is a vital approach.14 Lifestyle interventions have a profound impact on the national economic impact of hypertension.12 The JNC-815 and 2013 ESH/ESC16 guidelines and the results of trials17–20 on lifestyle modification for hypertension recommended that lifestyle modification is capable of lowering the blood pressure. However, little is known about the efficacy of programmes that intervene on multiple lifestyle factors to maximise the blood pressure lowering effect. Evidence regarding the magnitude of multiple lifestyle modification-related reductions in blood pressure is inconsistent. Also, the benefits of multiple lifestyle changes have not been carefully examined. We raised the following questions: (1) Is a multiple concomitant lifestyle modification therapy effective for patients with hypertension or prehypertension? (2) If so, what is the magnitude of multiple lifestyle modification-related reductions on blood pressure? We will pool results from randomised control trials to provide more precise and accurate information on the effect of multiple lifestyle changes on blood pressure.
Method and design
Criteria for considering studies for this review
Type of studies
The review will include randomised controlled trials published in the English language only. Completed or ongoing trials will be included in this review, as well as trials using only the parallel design.
Participant characteristics
Participants to be included are adult participants (≥18 years of age) presenting with prehypertension (SBP: 120–139 mm Hg; DBP 80–89 mm Hg) or essential hypertension (SBP ≥140 mm Hg; DBP ≥90 mm Hg), according to the JNC guideline.5 Restrictions will not be placed on the gender or ethnic background of participants.
Intervention characteristics
Studies utilising multiple lifestyle modifications (a combination of at least two of the following methods: weight loss,21 DASH diet,22–25 dietary sodium reduction,26 physical activity,27 moderation of alcohol consumption) will be reviewed. We include multiple lifestyle modifications consisting of at least dietary pattern changes (including sodium reduction) and physical activity. We also allow cointerventions if they are applied in all arms (including antihypertensive drugs, self-monitoring). The lifestyle modification should last for at least 4 weeks, and the follow-up phase should be at least 4 weeks. And how did the patients implement the lifestyle changing must be specified in the original article. However, studies using nurse, physician or pharmacologist counselling (face-to-face, group counselling, etc), and computer or telephone monitoring will be excluded.
Control arm characteristics
Studies utilising any type of non-pharmacological treatment, single lifestyle change, waiting list, no intervention or any type of antihypertensive drugs as a control arm will be included.
We will include the following controls:
Multiple lifestyle modifications+antihypertensive drugs versus antihypertensive drugs;
Multiple lifestyle modifications versus waiting list control or no intervention;
Multiple lifestyle modifications versus sham control (irrelevant lifestyle modification for hypertension);
Multiple lifestyle modifications versus single lifestyle modification.
Outcome measures
The primary outcomes of this systematic review are the changes of SBP and DBP between baseline and after treatment. The secondary outcomes including (1) the number of patients meeting the office target blood pressure; (2) the number of patients reporting microvascular complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy); (3) the number of patients with macrovascular complications (cardiovascular disease, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease); (4) All cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, cerebrovascular mortality.
The whole process of this systematic review is presented in figure 1.
Database and search
We will identify relevant randomised controlled trials, only in the English language, by a systematic search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, AMED, the Cochrane library, CINAHL, ISI Web of Knowledge and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials. An experienced medical librarian designed terms (see table 1) to retrieve trials enrolling participants with prehypertension or hypertension managed with multiple lifestyle modifications. Reviewers will scan all the retrieved trials and other relevant articles. We will review the reference list of previously published articles for possible candidates. We also searched for ongoing trials from mainstream registries, such as the metaRegister of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov trials registry, the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, etc.
Studies selection
Two experienced reviewers (JL and JC) will independently screen the titles and abstracts of identified citations for potential eligible trials and exclude the duplicates. Then they will apply eligibility criteria to the full text of potentially eligible trials. If the reviewers (HZ and JL) cannot clearly screen the trials according to the titles and abstracts, the other two reviewers (JC and CL) will screen the full copies of these studies. Conflicts will be resolved by team discussion. If disagreements persist, a third reviewer (F-RL) will be consulted.
Data extraction
Data concerning patient characteristics (age, gender, BMI, etc), study characteristics (interventions, control arms, length of intervention, length of follow-up and so on), type of blood pressure monitoring (office, home, ambulatory), co-intervention and outcome (SBP, DBP, cardiovascular events, etc) were extracted independently by two reviewers (HZ and JL) using a standardised extraction form. If data are missing from published reports, we will contact the authors of the included trials for further information. Disagreements will be resolved by team discussion. FRL will review the data to ensure no input data errors.
Risk of bias assessment
Two reviewers will assess the risk of bias independently using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The following items will be assessed (http://www.cochrane-handbook.org): random sequence generation (selection bias); allocation concealment (selection bias); blinding (performance bias and detection bias); incomplete outcome data (attrition bias); selective outcome reporting (reporting bias). The risk of bias is categorised as a low/unclear/high risk of bias. Trials which meet all criteria will be judged as having a low risk of bias, whereas trials which meet none of the criteria will be judged as having a high risk of bias and trials with insufficient information to judge will be classified as an unclear risk of bias. Disagreement between the reviewers over the risk of bias in specific studies will be resolved by discussion and consensus, with the involvement of a third review author (FRL) where necessary.
Strategy for data synthesis
Weight mean differences will be calculated for the overall mean change from baseline of SBP and DBP (using office, casual or ambulatory blood pressure measurements) for experimental and control groups. When the proportion of responders (participants who report a BP lower than 140/90 mm Hg after treatment) is reported, we will calculate the relative risk using the control group as a reference.
We will assess heterogeneity using the Higgins I2 statistics; an I2>50% will be considered as heterogeneity existing among studies. In that case, we will first use metaregression to find out the source of heterogeneity (age, gender, interventions, outcome measurements, etc) and then use subgroup analysis. If the problem remains, we will use the random effect model and explain the results with caution. A fixed effect model will be used when there is no evidence of heterogeneity.
We will examine the potential for publication bias by using a funnel plot.
If the data are not appropriate to perform a meta-analysis, we will just do a narrative synthesis.
Analyses will be performed with R project 3.02 (http://www.r-project.org). If the required data are not reported, we will request data from the corresponding author. However, if the missing data are out of reach, we will exclude such studies and synthesise the data from the rest of the included studies.
Analysis of subgroups or subset
To investigate the potential heterogeneity across studies, we will conduct subgroup analysis based on the different combinations of lifestyles, classification of blood pressure (prehypertension, mild hypertension, moderate hypertension, severe hypertension) and quality of evidence. Random effects metaregression models will be used to quantify the difference between subgroups and to test for statistical significant interactions among subgroups.
Sensitivity analysis
We will conduct sensitivity analysis to assess the effects of individual studies on the combined estimates and determine whether certain studies dominate the pooled event (particularly if these studies were at a high risk of bias). If certain studies have borderline eligibility status for any reason, analysis will be conducted with and without such studies.
Many existing systematic reviews26 ,27 focus on the effect of a single lifestyle modification on blood pressure. Although the single lifestyle modification has been shown to lower elevated blood pressure, it is currently not known whether their combined use produces an additive antihypertensive effect. Of the various lifestyle interventions, physical activity and dietary intervention have been shown to diminish the blood pressure and reduce CVD events, which have emerged as the two most effective and physiologically desirable approaches. That is why we defined that the multiple lifestyle changes should at least include physical activity and dietary intervention.
This is first systematic review that attempts to investigate the effectiveness of multiple lifestyle changes simultaneously. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesise the available evidence of effectiveness of multiple lifestyle interventions in the treatment of prehypertension and hypertension. The systematic review also intends to help clinicians to make decisions on the clinical applicability of multiple lifestyle modifications; at the same time, the results of this review will increase the understanding of multiple lifestyle changes for patients with prehypertension and hypertension; encourage and motivate patients with prehypertension or hypertension to adopt and maintain mulitple lifestyle changes in their daily home life so as to improve hypertension outcomes.
However, we will select the trials which implemented the multiple lifestyle interventions for at least 4 weeks. The multiple lifestyle interventions have to be sustained for a time to achieve the effect of lowering the blood pressure. Trials employing lifestyle modification therapies usually intervene for more than 4 weeks.17 ,20 ,28
The reason why we excluded trials utilising counselling or monitoring was that both of them had been reported to achieve antihypertensive effects.29–31 No matter counselling or monitoring, lots of manpower, material resources and financial resources have to be invested. Moreover, we excluded such trials so as to investigate the genuine effects of multiple lifestyle modifications.
This systematic review will provide a general view and evidence of the effects of multiple lifestyle changes on blood pressure. The results of this systematic review will also provide clinicians with useful information to guide their patient care. The finding of the systematic review will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal; reporting of the systematic review will follow recommendations described in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and the Cochrane Handbook for Intervention Reviews, and will be formatted according to the specific journal publication guideline.
The author would like to thank Wen-xiang Zeng for his assistance in the development of the search strategies for this protocol.
JL and HZ contributed equally.
Contributors HZ and JL conceptualised the study and prepared the draft of the research proposal. H-BD, XL, JC, X-PT, Y-JJ, F-RL, S-LZ, YK, CL and Z-HL assisted with the manuscript preparation. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Funding This trial was supported financially by the National Basic Research Program of China'973Program' (No. 2012CB518501).
Patient consent Obtained.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
Data sharing statement The additional unpublished data are still being extracted by JL and HZ and will be published later.
Competing interests None.
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User Interface Technologies
This topic provides a brief survey of the Microsoft technologies for developing UIs for Windows-based applications. It provides the information required to help you determine whether to use a particular technology, and identifies where you can find more information about it.
This topic describes the following technologies:
- User Interface Technologies for Unmanaged Applications
- User Interface Technologies for Managed Applications
User Interface Technologies for Unmanaged Applications
This section describes the Microsoft technologies for developing UIs for unmanaged Windows applications. These technologies are intended for experienced C/C++ developers who are familiar with WindowsAPI programming concepts, and who are using the Microsoft Windows Software Development Kit (SDK). Some technologies have additional prerequisites such as knowledge of graphics programming issues or familiarity with the basics of Component Object Model (COM) programming.
Windows Controls
Windows controls are user interface elements that are used in conjunction with another window (typically a client window or dialog box) to enable the user to interact with an application. Many of the elements that make up the UI of a traditional Windows-based application are Windows controls, including items such as menus, scroll bars, buttons, list boxes, tree views, and so on.
Windows controls are supported by all versions of Windows. However, because the run-time components that support the controls have evolved over time, some controls and features introduced in later versions are not supported in earlier versions. Applications need to detect the versions and use only the available features.
You should use Windows controls if you want to create a traditional UI for an unmanaged Windows-based application that runs on a wide range of Windows versions.
For more information, see Windows Controls.
Visual Styles
Visual Styles are specifications for the appearance of controls. For example, a Visual Style can define the overall appearance of controls, and enable software developers to configure the visual interface of those controls to coordinate with an application's appearance. Additionally, Visual Styles provide a mechanism for all Windows-based applications to standardize an application's appearance.
Visual styles are supported on Windows XP and later, and they only affect the appearance of the standard Windows controls and the Microsoft Win32 common controls.
You should use Visual Styles if you need to change the appearance of the standard Windows controls and common controls to match the look of your application UI.
For more information, see Visual Styles.
Windows Ribbon Framework
The Windows Ribbon framework is a rich command presentation system for Windows-based applications. It consists of a ribbon command bar that exposes the major features of an application through a series of tabs at the top of an application window, and a context menu system. The Windows Ribbon framework is supported on the following Windows versions:
- Windows Vista with Service Pack 2 (SP2) and Platform Update for Windows Vista
- Windows 7 and later
- Windows Server 2008 R2
- Windows Server 2008 with Service Pack 2 (SP2) and Platform Update for Windows Server 2008
You should use Windows Ribbon framework if you want to implement a command UI that is an alternative to the layered menus, toolbars, and task panes of traditional Windows applications.
The Windows Ribbon framework is intended for developers who are proficient in COM programming.
For more information, see Windows Ribbon Framework.
Windows Animation Manager
The Windows Animation Manager supports the animation of UI elements by providing a powerful animation engine and a standardized programmatic interface. The platform simplifies the development and maintenance of UI animation sequences and enables developers to implement UI animations that are consistent and intuitive. Windows Animation can be used with any graphics platform including Direct2D, Microsoft Direct3D, or Windows GDI+.
The Windows animation framework is supported on Windows Vista with Platform Update for Windows VistaWindows Vista with SP2 and Platform Update for Windows Vista, and Windows 7 and later.
You should use Windows Animation Manager if you want to add animation sequences to the UI of an unmanaged Windows-based application.
For more information, see Windows Animation Manager.
Desktop Window Manager
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) is a Windows run-time component that supports desktop composition, a feature introduced in Windows Vista. Through desktop composition, DWM enables visual effects in the UI, such as glass window frames, 3-D window transition animations, Windows Flip and Windows Flip3D, and high resolution support.
DWM exposes an API for controlling many of the visual effects associated with desktop composition. For example, an application can display thumbnails, apply a translucent and blurred effect to the client area of top-level windows, control the transparency and transition effects used in the non-client region of windows, and so on.
DWM is supported on Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008.
You should use DWM if your application needs to access and control the visual effects associated with desktop composition.
For more information, see Desktop Window Manager.
Windows Automation API
The Windows Automation API helps developers create applications that are accessible to the widest possible audience, including people with vision, hearing, or motion disabilities. The API works by exposing information about the elements that make up an application user interface. Assistive technology applications such as screen readers can use the information to present the UI in a way that can be used by people with disabilities.
The Windows Automation API consists of two separate API frameworks, Microsoft Active Accessibility and Microsoft UI Automation. Microsoft Active Accessibility is a legacy API that was introduced in Windows 95 as a platform add-in. UI Automation is the successor to Microsoft Active Accessibility, and is a Windows implementation of the UI Automation specification.
Full support for Microsoft Active Accessibility is built into Windows XP and Windows Server 2003. Microsoft Active Accessibility is also supported on Windows NT 4.0 with Service Pack 6 (SP6) and later, and Windows 98. UI Automation is supported on the following operating systems: Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2003 R2, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008, and Windows Server 2008 R2.
If your application contains custom controls or other custom UI features, you should use the Windows Automation API to ensure that the custom controls and features are fully accessible. In general, developers need a moderate level of understanding about COM objects and interfaces, Unicode, and Windows API programming.
For more information, see Windows Automation API.
Speech API
The Microsoft Speech API (SAPI) provides a high-level interface between an application and speech engines. SAPI implements all the low-level details needed to control and manage the real-time operations of various speech engines.
The two basic types of SAPI engines are text-to-speech (TTS) systems and speech recognizers. TTS systems synthesize text strings and files into spoken audio using synthetic voices. Speech recognizers convert human spoken audio into readable text strings and files.
You should use SAPI if you want to implement a UI that enables the user to interact with your application through TTS and speech recognition in addition to the standard input devices such as the keyboard, mouse, and display.
For more information, see Microsoft Speech API (SAPI) 5.4.
Magnification API
The magnification API (MAPI) is used to magnify portions of the screen, and to apply color effects and other transforms. This API is primarily intended for assistive-technology applications that enlarge parts of the screen to make them easier to see.
MAPI is supported on Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008, and Windows Server 2008 R2. It is intended for developers who are familiar with graphics programming concepts.
For more information, see Magnification API.
Resource Compiler
The Microsoft Windows Resource Compiler is an application development tool used to add UI and other resources to a Windows-based application. A resource is any non-executable data used by an application, and includes such things as dialog boxes, menus, strings, cursors, icons, bitmaps, and so on. The resource compiler is included in Microsoft Visual Studio and the Windows SDK.
For more information, see Resource Compiler.
User Interface Technologies for Managed Applications
This section describes the Microsoft technologies for developing UIs for managed Windows applications that run in the context of the .NET Framework. For more information, see .NET Development.
Windows Forms
Windows Forms is a graphical application programming interface for creating managed Windows applications that are based on the .NET Framework. In Windows Forms, a form is a visual surface on which you display information to the user, and through which you receive input from the user.
You build Windows Forms applications by adding controls to forms and developing responses to user actions, such as mouse clicks or key presses. A control is a discrete UI element that displays data or accepts data input. Windows Forms contains a variety of controls that you can add to forms: controls that display text boxes, buttons, drop-down boxes, radio buttons, and even Web pages. Windows Forms also supports creating custom controls.
For more information, see Windows Forms.
Windows Presentation Foundation
Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) is the successor to Windows Forms. WPF is a presentation system for building and rendering user interfaces in Windows-based client applications and browser-hosted applications. The core of WPF is a resolution-independent and vector-based rendering engine that is built to take advantage of modern graphics hardware. WPF extends the core with a comprehensive set of application-development features that include Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML), controls, data binding, layout, 2-D and 3-D graphics, animation, styles, templates, documents, media, text, and typography.
WPF is included in the .NET Framework, so you can build applications that incorporate other elements of the .NET Framework class library. WPF is supported on Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, and is also available for Windows XP with Service Pack 2 (SP2), and Windows Server 2003.
For more information, see Windows Presentation Foundation.
Microsoft Silverlight is a powerful development platform for creating rich media applications and business applications for the Web, desktop, and mobile devices.
Based on the .NET Framework, the free Silverlight plug-in works across multiple browsers, devices, and operating systems to bring new interactivity to the Web. With extensive layout and styling options, powerful communication protocols, robust data access, and support for user interaction and high-definition media, Silverlight helps create fast, smooth, and visually rich customer experiences. Silverlight applications can be developed quickly with the Microsoft Web Platform, Visual Studio, and Expression Studio.
For more information, see Microsoft Silverlight.
Expression Blend 3 + SketchFlow
Expression Blend 3 + SketchFlow is a visual tool for designing, prototyping, and creating sophisticated user interfaces for WPF and Silverlight desktop and web applications. You build an application by drawing shapes, drawing controls such as buttons and list boxes, making the pieces of your application respond to mouse clicks and other user input, and styling everything to look uniquely your own.
For more information, see Prototyping with SketchFlow.
UI Automation for Managed Applications
UI Automation is an accessibility framework for Windows, available on all operating systems that support WPF.
UI Automation provides programmatic access to most UI elements on the desktop, enabling assistive technology products such as screen readers to provide information about the UI to end users and to manipulate the UI by means other than standard input. UI Automation also allows automated test scripts to interact with the UI.
For more information, see UI Automation for Managed Applications.


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Home > Mystery Mini
Brand: Funko
Continue the magical adventure with Harry Potter Mystery Minis Series 3! From the beloved films comes the third wave of mini-figures based on your favorite wizards and magical creatures. Wave 3 includes Harry, Alastor Moody, Draco Malfoy, Dolores Umbridge, Argus Filtch and his cat Mrs. Norris, Gregory Goyle and more! Each stylized mini-figure measures approximately 2 1/2-inches tall and comes packaged in a blind box.
**PICTURE SHOWS FULL CDU (Counter Display Unit). For a full sealed counter top CDU please order in 12 units. For every 12 units ordered, a sealed countertop CDU will be sent. For orders less than 12 units, random individual sealed figures will be sent. We cannot accept requests for specific figures, nor can we accept requests for certain case assortments. Items are in blind packaging and are completely random. You may receive duplicates.


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I am running for re-election to the SF Community College Board because as a product of the California Community College system, I know how important this institution is for many who need access to affordable quality education. I also understand the issues that many students face and have been working hard over the past year as a Trustee to ensure that City College stays accredited, accessible, and affordable. I want to make sure that my set of skills and abilities are put to use in service of the betterment of City College and to make sure that San Franciscans are afforded the same opportunities that I was.
Over the past year as a Trustee I have focused a great deal of my attention to supporting and reaching out to traditionally underserved students in High School, Middle School, and currently enrolled at City College. I was very proud to have been able to co-host the first African-American and Students of Color Welcome Reception at CCSF last fall. The reception aimed to connect the incoming students to current students, alumni, and student resources offered on campus to make sure they are successful and live up to their full potential.
As a current Trustee on the Board, I have had over a year of experience working on the issues that City College faces and am proud to say that I have been a part of several successes that the Community College Board has achieved. When I first joined the Board of Trustees, City College was facing an accreditation and financial crisis, its enrollment numbers were at historic lows and were followed by cuts in state funding. With my leadership the board has made decisions that have set City College back on a steady accreditation and financial path. I have been able to do so through strong relationships with colleagues and my ability to form coalitions in order to achieve real results.
The accreditation crisis provided the College District and the Board with the opportunity to really look at how the Trustees have governed and made decisions in the past. City College is currently accredited and in its final year of "restoration status". This status has never occurred before, and is something new that was created after the City Attorney's lawsuit. One of the requirements of restoration requires us as an institution to create and submit a Comprehensive Self Evaluation Report, including addressing 32 specific areas of "continuing noncompliance", to the Accrediting Commission on Community and Junior Colleges (ACCKJC). I am very proud that the Board has voted to approve the self-evaluation at our study session on July 14th. An external review by the visiting team will take place the week of October 10th. If the External Review finds that we meet or exceed all these requirements then we will be moved from "restoration status" to "reaffirmation of accreditation." I am proud to say that over the past two years my colleagues and I have received numerous trainings on accreditation, budgeting, enrollment management, labor negotiations, student success, team building, and also how to make decisions on complex items that could be outside of our core expertise. You could say that we are the best trained College Board in California and are fully prepared for the visit this October.
The City College Board along with our Chancellor has also reached a tentative agreement with our faculty union after long contract negotiations. I am thrilled that we can now give our faculty a well-deserved raise, avoiding a strike, while maintaining City College's financial stability. Great things happen when good people work together.
Other achievements that I am proud of are the establishment of a partnership between City College and Five Keys Charter School at SF County Jail, the revival of the San Francisco School Board and Community College Board Joint Committee that I am apart of and my sponsorship of Emergency Student Aid for students who need it. We also recently launched an initiative to make City College free to people that either live or work in San Francisco. This bill which I co-sponsored passed the board unanimously and if passed by the voters this Fall, San Francisco will be one of the first cities in the country to truly invest in local higher public education.
My top three policy priorities are:
Accessibility: Since community colleges receive a significant amount of funding based on the number of "full time enrolled student", we need to strengthen our enrollment rates to maintain our classes and services for students by improving our marketing and presence throughout San Francisco. I will also promote initiatives to expand affordability, such as the proposed city ordinance to make City College Free, and the proposal for Expanded Emergency Aid.
Accreditation: Maintaining accreditation is essential to assure quality education for our students. We are in the final year of "restoration status" the Board has approved and submitted a Comprehensive Self Evaluation Report addressing 32 areas of "continuing noncompliance" to the ACCJC. I will continue working with my colleagues to ensure decisions are made to achieve a "reaffirmation of accreditation" after our external review on the week of October 10th.
Financial Stability: I am committed to maintaining stable financial footing through prudent financial policies and responsible management of reserves and voter approved bond funds. I am also committed to fighting for the parcel tax on this November's ballot for long term stability, building stronger partnerships with the city, SFUSD, and other organizations to grow back our enrollment.
Another final important focus is the selection of a new permanent Chancellor by next Summer. Something that I am focused on as well to ensure that the choice reflects not only the diversity of our students and city but also understands the important role education plays in people's' lives.
I am proud to have the endorsements of over 100 organizations, elected officials, and community leaders, because they know that I am the right choice to serve on the City College Board at this critical time. As of today, I have been endorsed by the SF Democratic Party, SF Parent PAC, Rep. Jackie Speier, Congressional District 14, Attorney General Kamala Harris, State Controller Betty Yee State, Board of Equalization Chair Fiona Ma, State Superintendent of Public Instruction Tom Torlakson, Supervisor London Breed, Supervisor Malia Cohen, Supervisor Jane Kim and Supervisor Katy Tang to name a few.
For a full list of my endorsements visit http://www.alexrandolph.com/endorsements.


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HP groups up with PUBG to drive sales of recent Omen by H.P. portable computer series
Could you be the last word PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds (PUBG) player?
HP proclaimed on Aug twenty seven that it's collaborating with Intel and PUBG Corporation to launch the inaugural Omen by H.P. – rival Series Tournament, a PUBG play competition for players in Asia Pacific and Japan.
The amateur tournament is receptive PUBG gamers in Asian country, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, India, Japan, China, Republic of Korea, Australia and New Sjaelland. there's a US$50,000 (RM205,175) prize pool up for grabs.
In an attempt to assist native gamers fix for the last word battle royale, H.P. Asian country additionally unconcealed the most recent iteration of its Omen by H.P. portable computer series.
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READ ALSO: Top 10 Imaginary Technologies You do not know exist
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Dubai, UAE
Dubai, UAE
Dubai is a city and emirate in the United Arab Emirates known for luxury shopping, ultramodern architecture, and a lively nightlife scene. Burj Khalifa, an 830m-tall tower, dominates the skyscraper-filled skyline. At its foot lies Dubai Fountain, with jets and lights choreographed to music. On artificial islands just offshore is Atlantis, The Palm, a resort with water and marine-animal parks.
Copthorne Hotel Dubai, UAE
The perfect balance of comfort, service, and affordability for business and leisure travelers, ideally positioned central to Dubai Creek and surrounding parks, the Copthorne Hotel is an oasis in the bustling city. With rooms that are spacious, feature modern suite bathrooms, comfortable beds and stunning vistas of the city, accommodation at the Copthorne Hotel Dubai invites guests to escape the city and relax. Our accommodation options include Executive Deluxe Suites, where a private dining area, a relaxed lounge area, and the generously proportioned balcony provides the perfect setting to enjoy your morning coffee complemented by city vistas.
Directions to Copthorne Hotel Dubai


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PointBlank offers small class sizes and lots of information to better understand permit to carry laws. Covering information on surrounding states with focus on MN and highlighting several common travel issues. In only one class, you will obtain a certificate from PointBlank that allows you to legally apply for your 5 Year MN Permit to Carry. Call today!
PointBlank also offers outdoor firearm training at our private range. We have a full schedule of classes from Pistol, AR15, Shotgun, Precision Rifle to Tower only classes. We have full amenities for multi-day classes and include meals/beverages/lodging.


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The media has been running stories about potentially rising interest rates for many years, but rates have remained close to record lows since the last recession. Most recently, however, interest rates have indeed started to trend upward as predicted, and this trend may reasonably continue in the coming years. This begs the question of whether rising interest rates will harm your finances or benefit them. The answer is that they can affect your finances in both ways. A closer look at how interest rates affect you will help you to position your finances for optimal benefits.
The Impact on Your Debts
Interest rates
The Impact on Your Assets
On the other hand, rising interest rates
How to Position Yourself to Benefit From Rising Interest Rates
As you can see, in the most basic sense, rising interest rates benefit your assets and are detrimental to your debts. Interest rates typically do not increase overnight, and you can likely expect a very slow increase in interest rates over the course of several years or more. With this in mind, you have ample time to re-position your finances to take full advantage of the situation. Make an effort to pay down debt balances. Take out new debt strategically. For example, now may be the time to purchase a home so that you can lock in a low interest rate with a 30-year fixed term. Eliminate adjustable rate debt, if possible. In addition, prepare to take advantage of rising interest rates with strategic CD and bond purchases. You may even invest in rental real estate now. You can lock in a low fixed rate mortgage on your rental property, and you can enjoy the income stream with affordable financing for decades.
Interest rates are a critical component to personal finances. By understanding how interest rates impact your financial well-being and by paying attention to expert insight regarding changes to interest rates, you can better position yourself to improve your financial situation in the years to come.
Eric and Jennifer Lahaie
JEHM Wealth & Retirement
Copyright © 2017 JEHM Wealth and Retirement Strategies
Investment Advisory Services offered through Retirement Wealth Advisors, (RWA) a Registered Investment Advisor.
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Conducting Effective Interviews with Potential Job Candidates
For years, we have heard how the market is flooded with thousands of people seeking gainful employment or looking to make serious career changes, and yet companies are still having difficulty identifying qualified candidates to meet their needs. Are the candidates simply not out there, or are organizations missing opportunities with skilled talent by putting them through the wrong interview process? The interview process can be an arduous undertaking, not only for the talent being examined but for the prospective employer as well.
Chris Mattie, Chief Operating Officer for Hiring Interviews, discusses with Human Resources IQ candidate interview question techniques and how the overall interview process addresses the open position, as well as how it fits within the organization.
1. What are the first steps a manager or department head must take to prepare for the interview process with potential job candidates?
There are of course numerous things that must be done in preparation of hiring a new employee. When it comes to the interview process, it is important to understand the position that is being filled. This is especially important in situations where the interviewer is more removed from the position and may only understand the requirements at a high level.
Consider as well the evolution of the position being filled—are there activities underway that may change the nature of this opening in six to twelve months such as corporate restructuring?
It is also important to remember the interview process is as much about the candidate finding a suitable match for their career goals as it is for the potential employer finding a good fit for their team. As such, anyone conducting an interview should equally prepare for questions from the candidate. These may be generic enough such as "How many candidates are you interviewing" or "What is the estimated turn-around time for filling the position."
In other cases, the candidate may ask questions like "Is this a new position? If so why?" or "Why did the previous employee decide to leave?" This is not to say the interviewer needs to provide detailed explanations, but all the more reason they need to be prepared for the unexpected.
2. When reviewing a candidates resume and application, what are the most critical areas to focus in on?
When you evaluate a resume, the evaluation is going to be directly influenced by the opening that needs to be filled. For example, what practical experience does an individual have within the given area? What is the average size of the budgets the individual was responsible for managing? How are industry certifications being used in a practical capacity? Does the resume reflect outcomes of their actions such as positive ROI? Size of the sales territories? Growth during that time? These are all factors that need to be considered when doing a candidate screening—in short, what makes this person stand out?
Some candidates have also used certifications as a way to try and push themselves to the front of the line. This is a tricky one as I have seen several ongoing debates between experience and certification. My professional opinion has always been to beware the resume that touts industry certifications but no experience within that discipline. This demonstrates a potential to understand the concepts, but there is simply no substitute for hands on experience. This is what certifications were originally designed to support.
Just remember, the candidate's resume is their one shot to make a good impression and impress a potential employer enough to keep them out of the rejected pile. It needs to encapsulate all aspects of their abilities, goals, experiences, and potential value to an employer's organization. I had spoken to one employer several years ago who had rejected candidates due to poor punctuation on their resume when citing version numbers for software they used. Their thought was someone with real experience would know better.
Experience is everything.
3. Are there right and wrong answers when conducting candidate interviews? And what do you do with their answers?
Most interview questions I have used in the past were intended to provide insight into the candidate and whether they are a good fit for a given opportunity. Whether you want to classify them as right or wrong is pretty subjective, but consider one of the simplest questions you can ask: "What do you know about our company?" At this point you should know right away if the candidate has done any sort of research or investigation into the organization or the opening they are applying to fill. Have they demonstrated a genuine interest in this specific position or is this interview one of several in a bombardment of resumes to different companies?
Well, here are a few examples that I have used that believe it or not, have tripped people up the most.
- What do you know about our organization and this position?
- Tell me about yourself and why I should hire you?
- What are your long term goals? Where do you see yourself in five years?
- What is your greatest strength?
- What is your greatest weakness—For me personally, I always hold it against a person if they do not mention a real weakness. I know some people will tell you to use a strength as a weakness, but to me this demonstrates a lack of forward thinking on your personal growth. I would rather hear someone say they have poor time management skills but have recently purchased a Franklin-Covey planner to try and address it, rather than someone say they are a perfectionist.
Another example is often evident when a candidate is asked a question such as "Tell me what you liked least about your last boss." I have seen incidents where candidates have indicated there were differences in opinions which were discussed and resolved in a professional manner, and other situations where people would spend five minutes verbally bashing former employers to the point where you would not want to be in the same room as the candidate, to say nothing of offering them a job!
People also ask about what has commonly become known as the "Microsoft" interview questions such as:
- Why are manhole covers round?
- How many nickels / ping pong balls could you fit in this room?
I have used these sometimes to determine things such as problem solving skills—does the candidate at least attempt to answer the question, information gathering techniques—do they ask me any questions after the fact to get more detail, and even interpersonal reactions—do they loosen up and play along or do they stare blankly and say "I donno." I don't necessarily recommend these as decision making criteria, but they can introduce a different dynamic to the interview process that might otherwise not be possible.
Any candidate interview question that is asked should serve as a means for the potential employer to gauge their suitability for a given position, and for the candidate to showcase their skills and experiences. If either of these two situations are not met, you can pretty much assume it was the wrong answer, regardless of the question.
4. Do you have any suggestions as to how the managers can better prepare their candidate interview questions?
One of the most common mistakes a manager can make is they assume their own skills inherit those of their team. Consider for example, the Information Technology field. Although many managers have a technical background and may know some of the questions they should ask, it is entirely possible they are unable to accurately sift through the semantic details of the responses a candidate provides. A similar situation involves team members submitting questions to their manager for them to use during the interview. Again, without the expertise to evaluate the responses, even the best candidate interview questions are ineffective.
A common and effective approach to this dilemma is to engage other senior team members to sit in on the interview as well. This can provide a great way for other team members to offer insights on the more technical specifics of the job, to build on the example provided earlier.
Simply put, do not be afraid to use the expertise that already exists in house when evaluating a candidate. Now conversely, there are some potential areas for difficulty here. For example, bombarding a candidate with a panel of a dozen interviewers or having the whole interview process take in excess of six hours can certainly be considered extreme, not only for the candidate, but also in taking the resources away from the daily operations of the business. Some care and consideration needs to be used here in order to find the appropriate balance.
5. You mentioned that managers should bounce ideas off of their staff as they are the ones who know the specific skills for their position. Can you give us a few examples of candidate interview questions that would be effective during an interview?
Well, consider the technology industry once again. Here is a great example where engaging your team members can provide valuable questions for determining the skill and experience levels associated with a give position.
For software developers, some of these questions might include:
- What are some of the biggest improvements and enhancements to Microsoft's version 3.5 of the .Net framework over version 2.0?
- You have moved a legacy ASP application to a newly installed Microsoft IIS server, but it doesn't work. What are the first things you check?
-HTML and CSS coding has a whole range of commonly known and less commonly known issues that can be used to determine experience levels as well. For example: Describe the CSS "double margin bug" and how you go about addressing it when coding an HTML page.
Sometimes the questions might not have a "right or wrong" answer, but the candidate's experiences or lack thereof might become apparent if you ask a question such as:
- When migrating from SQL Server 2000 to SQL Server 2005, what are some of the most common problems that can occur?
One of the greatest ways to determine this style of candidate interview questions is to examine within your own organization or department and take note of recent difficulties or problems that were encountered. It might be a recent upgrade to a new version of SAP, the introduction of a new VoIP / telephony solution for the office, or problems encountered when attempting to get an ISO certification.
These are great sources to identify practical questions your own team or department has dealt with that can help identify a candidate's level of proficiency.
6. Are there differences in interview approaches from the 1st candidate interview to the 2nd candidate interview? What does that entail?
This really depends on the company or department looking to fill the role. For example, some smaller firms or groups may only rely on a single interview to facilitate the decision making process. In situations where the candidate field is particularly large, an initial interview might be used to help filter the pack down to anywhere from a quarter to a half of the original group.
One thing for the candidates to remember, a second interview is in no way any less formal or critical than the first—if anything it can be more of a challenge as it provides potential employers a chance to evaluate the potential candidate more closely. In a second interview, the candidates will often be given a chance to see a more detailed view of the organization they are applying to, additional technical screening, and a chance to meet the other team members. In this sense, the second interview provides prospective employers more time to review candidate qualifications and ultimately make an informed decision.
7. What kind of questions should potential employees ask the interviewer?
These questions are also dependant on where the candidate is within the interview process. For example, candidates doing the first interview might ask questions such as:
- What is the next step in the interview process?
- Could you tell me about your training programs for new employees?
- To whom will I report?
- What kinds of assignments / projects might I expect the first six months on the job?
- Do you fill positions from the outside or promote from within first?
- What qualities are you looking for in the candidate who fills this position?
You will note the question of salary and compensation is not mentioned here. If the candidate is brought back for a second interview, some of the questions commonly asked include:
- What is the salary range for employees in this position?
- Are salary adjustments geared to the cost of living or job performance?
- Has there been much turnover in this job area?
- How much travel, if any, is involved in this position?
- Am I being seriously considered for this position?
Just as the interview process gets more granular in the evaluation, so do the questions.
8. Is there anything else you want to stress or emphasize about the preparing and conducting interviews for potential candidates?
Be prepared. So many people have had bad interview experiences simply because they were not adequately prepared and the last thing you want to do is sabotage your chances at a great job before the interview even begins. This includes getting good directions and a contact number. Google Maps may be reliable a lot of the time, but do not expect them to be right every time, especially with new listings. Show up early. This is the best way to avoid the unforeseen accident on the interstate, or other potential delays. Bring extra copies of your resume as well—this ensures you have a copy that you can read with the interviewer and they have an extra copy in case it gets misplaced.
Finally, try and relax. An interview can be a very stressful experience and employers know this, but it is important to demonstrate the ability to work under pressure especially if it is a requirement for the job. Relax, but do not mistake relaxation for informality.


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2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe Review, Engine Peformance and Price – continues to be released and it also is outstanding as most rumors stated it will be for. At the beginning sight, you could forgive to mistake this new E Class to the stablettes, provided the flow of language design common by all three. This is not a drill, as the E Class maintains significantly of the attractiveness of the S-school because it shrunk somewhat. When the familiar front end using its Gemstone community is the challenging basis rock, the E Class Coupe clean sides and the B-pillar part window blend with the rear end of the two rows to provide a clean visual appeal.
2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe Review and Engine Peformance
The 2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe is completely new this year with current design, far more person space, and the most recent in communication and safety techniques. What has not yet modified is the uncompromising company focus on elegance, classiness and performance. The E Class Coupe offers a luxurious brand knowledge of an excited awareness of detail and plenty of features.
Anyone dreams a lot in the 2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe release much better than the prior model. So we will review the interior and external plus some other highlights of the new car in 2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe. Ideally review the specs of this car, it will help you opt for the car of your ambitions. The 2019 Mercedes E Course Coupe and Cabriolet arrive normal impressive 12.3-" HD exhibit with the navigation and ambient lighting effects with 64 hues from which to choose, dynamic select traveling settings, a panorama roof top on the coupe, adjustable front side car seats and strength with lumbar change and recollection.
Available characteristics include a 12.3-inch electronic camera (in addition a 12.3-in. Demand exhibit), an antenna air flow suspension, brain exhibit, wifi recharging and multiple-chair car seats with a number of various therapeutic massage capabilities. And the foundations derived from the C school from the previous E Class Coupe, the new Coupe E now offers a lot more with the E sedan, widening the gap involving it and the smaller model. Biking on a 4.4-inches-extended wheelbase, the new coupe is 5 in. Longer general, about three in, bigger, and for a longer time and more than its precursor, the 190. -inches size now perfectly divides the distinction between a 184.5-in. C-Class and a 197.9-inch S-Class.
Mercedes states the rear seating is getting better, as the two guys return and give the best lower body and height. The E school delivers some of the most productive security features at present on the industry. The Bree-Summertime Impulse Learn amplifies the front car owner or area seating of the person seating, traveling the traveler 2.75 ins far from the influence place when the process detects a aspect influence. When the standard safety preset finds a crash, the system emits a short interference transmission in the celebration of a accidents, resulting in a protective ears reflex that minimizes hearing difficulties.
The Distronic Range Aviator can monitor the vehicle at a pre-picked length of up to 130 miles per hour when the Bellot course will help the car owner stay in the middle of the lane with little wheel changes. The steering program will help the vehicle driver to advance dodging by adding determined torque, and the cross-grip feature of the productive brake help method can find go across-traffic and brake immediately if possible. The Lively Course Modify Helper will quickly transform the driver's pathways if it is obvious. The standard car to By conversation (car to car) feature can talk to other Mercedes cars built with the same feature and assist the vehicle driver in order to avoid street hazards.
They can not yet see traffic crashes.The car is as very good as Mercedes explained it will likely be . The initially model was again presented at the conclusion of 2017 and the 2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe creation has not yet altered a bit from that car. Unlike the old age group, now close to it offers the same design for the front-end with the E-School sedan. The car does not have B-pillars so when the house windows straight down it genuinely enables a great deal of light-weight to penetrate the cabin. This type of design is also reminiscent of the E Course Coupe models previous. The rear is created to greatest suit the Mercedes "Coupe concept." This implies it will take signals from both the C-Class Coupe and the Amague GT.
There is undoubtedly about the reality that the 2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe appearance and feels a lot better than well before. Are generally comparable to these of the sedan, except for chairs and smaller sized again seats considering the fact that they are coupe. The car is available with two huge 12-" screens and a whole lot of wonderful resources such as true timber, lightweight aluminum or leathers. Also, Mercedes offers the best standard seats from a car These are electrically adaptable and ought to let the vehicle driver and person to get On the ideal placement effortlessly.
Engine setup for the United States. The marketplace appears also prepared to put some distance in between 2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe and C-Class. When the E300 sedan is seen on the a number of-cylinder turbo-show to the C300, the E-door will be presented only as an E400. As with the E-School wagon, this model reveals two 3.-liter V-6 creating 329 hp and 354 lb-ft of torque. The same engine has become set up in the previous E400, but the new nine-speed auto transmission mirrors the earlier six rates to further improve velocity and boost gas economy, Mercedes statements. The four-wheel travel and 4MATIC variations will likely be offered in 4-tire travel variations.
Mercedes affirms the E400 is no to 60 mph in 5.2 mere seconds, .9 moments more quickly than the company's claim for the model. Lower than a sedan, optional aerial suspension. The sports package (the bright white car in the pictures) contributes a kit of body, AMG tires, and an AMG steering wheel. People who want around 2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe sportsman need to hold out a small longer for the complete AMG edition. There is no formal word in one yet, though the V-8 Coupe E63 is definitely not in the greeting cards. As an alternative, the Coupe AMG is going to be equipped with 1 of the new half a dozen-tube Mercedes engines, which may be about 450 horsepower, which means seated previously mentioned the Amg E43 sedan, which contains a stronger edition of the E-6 turbo. The turbocharged V-6.
2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe Price
Prices is going to be declared even closer to the US release of 2019 Mercedes E Class Coupe next summertime, but clients need to expect to pay premium for the more dose of fashion and energy in comparison to the E300 sedan, which commences at $53,075.


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I have an esa assessment coming up in October,so i went to my GP to ask for a letter regarding my health problems,she told me it would cost £30, it has been a long time since i went to my GP,but she wrote out a letter quite a while back and i was not charged.
And i asked for a copy of a letter from a pain management doctor and she couldn't find it on the system,so a pretty pointless appointment,i don't want to fork out 30 quid for my own medical history.
I also sent a couple of medical documents in with my ES50 form,will the medical assessor have those documents on the day of my assessment.