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A billion people lack clean water and 2.6 billion lack basic sanitation but the obstacles they face usually have more to do with ideology than practicality.
Even though private water services deliver clean and safe water to millions around the world, many politicians and NGOs oppose profit being made from "essential resources" like water. Oxfam says: "Rich country governments and international agencies such as the World Bank … hinder development by pushing private sector solutions that do not benefit the poor."
In this vision, the private sector consists of large multinationals that serve only the wealthy and exploit the poor. But when public utilities refuse to recognize and connect slum-dwellers, it is the private sector--from water porters to larger companies--that serves the poor.
I recently visited the medium-sized Kenyan city of Kisumu where half the population has no domestic water connection--a consequence of ineffective public management and rapid urban growth, including slums. In the void left by the public utility, numerous actors, including local and internationally-funded NGOs, have sprung up to meet the demand for water.
One not-for-profit NGO served around 4,000 people through a number of kiosks. Water used to cost up to €0.12 per 20 litre jerry can--approximately four times the price of tap water in London --but their kiosks sold it for €0.01.
A community charity success story! But the management committee did not consider their service to be a business and service suffered as a result.
During daily electricity cuts, pumping stopped and the suburb went without water--even though a petrol generator could have been profitably used. Some of the kiosk operators went out of business because they could not keep going on the tiny profit allowed.
During power cuts, the price returned to its normal level of €0.06-0.12 as water was only available through water porters. Finally, the NGO decided that they would use the surpluses from water sales to finance other projects, rather than save for the eventual replacement of the pump.
In a neighbouring suburb, a local engineer (who would rather keep a low profile) decided to raise chickens and started taking water from a small river and producing drinking water in his backyard in a home-made treatment plant.
He quickly found that his neighbours were willing to buy his water. In no time, he had a doorstep water business, selling to neighbours, water porters and tanker-trucks.
He uses electric pumps but also has petrol pumps for when the power fails.
He employs five people full-time and his high quality chlorinated water supplies trucks serving big hotels and water porters serving the poor. He sells 70m³ per day but could provide enough for 10,000 people. He charges a fixed €0.015 for a jerry can, does not increase his price during shortages and never runs out of water.
These two operations are in a virtually identical setting, providing a comparable service. One is for profit, one is not. One sprung up due to the ingenuity and enterprising spirit of a local resident, the other at the instigation of a large, international NGO, backed by grants, finance and "capacity building."
The private supplier might have a slightly higher retail price but the overall cost paid by the NGO's consumers ended up being higher. The service was unreliable, with shortages and lengthy queues ("time is money" is a universal concept). The chicken farmer extracts a good income from his business--by ensuring that all his customers have water at a price they can afford, when they need it.
Before arguing that selling water for profit is unethical, ideologues should consider how many people like him are working to provide the poor with water, all over the world. Such entrepreneurship is crucial in countries like Rwanda where around 45% of the population relies on unprotected wells for water.
The World Bank estimates that "in most cities in developing countries more than half the population gets basic water service from suppliers other than the incumbent official utility."
Without international backing or local political support, and in the face of many political and legal obstacles, many private entrepreneurs provide a better service than the public utility. Quite simply, if they didn't, they would not stay in business for long--but in many countries it is illegal for private individuals or companies to extract or to sell water.
The poor deserve practical solutions to their basic needs from whoever can best supply those solutions: they do not deserve ideology that gives an unaccountable monopoly to local authorities, often corrupt or simply incompetent. There is no one size that fits all.
Alex Nash is a water engineer who has worked on private, public and NGO projects in a number of countries


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by Eric Benson
If you luv music you're gonna love this
I often hear from my older friends that there is "nothing happening" in the way of a club for our age group where you can see a show with some good food, drink and dance and home by ten. Well I am conspiring with some of our seasoned musicians in the Valley to do a Rhythm and Blues Sunday showcase at one of the local venues from 5 PM to 9PM with special guests each month featuring Blues, Motown, old school and Funk for listening and dancing. So if you are interested in this hit me at firstname.lastname@example.com<mailto:email@example.com> for an invite.
Another partner in crime for music in the area is John Griswold also embracing an older demographic. The basement of McHenry Museum he transforms into an intimate club setting with white table clothes, low lighting with wine bar and desert offerings. The next show is Saturday March 16th with Do Gadjo with Sam Wolfgang Rocha, the music is inspired by early Gypsy Jazz of Paris. Funds raised go to Red Tie kids grant program underprivileged kids in music in the area. Check out WWW.RedTieArts.org.
Blue Monday Party invitational jam at the Barkin' Dog Grill celebrates March 11th bringing back again special guest Conrad Johnson Bass player vocalist and front man bringing on the R & B and Funk. Also in the Band; Johnny Valdes Guitar, Dave Hawks Drums, Kevin Marin Trumpet, Jamey Dubberly Trombone, Dave Dow and Eric Benson Keys, and Pat Governor Organ. We will be playing some Blues, Jazz, Funk, and Latin music for listening and dancing. Call the Dog for reservations: 572-2341. If you play, come on down and sit in with the best musicians in the area, it's gonna' be smoking!
And the Barkin' Dog Grill, one of my favorite family friendly venues continues with some live music coming at you for March. March 2nd Tony & the Tough Times/Blues, 8th International Woman's day with Patty Hughes, 9th Bum City Reunion Band/ Tower of Power Tribute-smokin!, 11th Blue Monday Party with Eric Benson with special guest Conrad Johnson Bass player vocalist, 13th Win Wednesday's with Liz Knlder, 15th Valley Jazz Company/straight ahead Jazz, 16th Bourbon street Blues Band/Chicago style Blues, 22nd David Dow & Friends/ the Jazz standards, 23rd North Country Blue Grass Band, 24th Ernie Bucio & Evin Yadegar Annual scholarship Fundraiser, 27th Wine Wednesday with Steve Ashman from Zazu Pitts Motown Band, Davis and Rogers & friends, 29th Free Radical Jazz Quartet, and 30th Highway 99 Band/ R & B with some TOP thrown in. David Dow & Friends jazz jam every Thursday night 7 to 10 PM.
Thanks all the came out for the Jazz House Party with Jazz guitarists John Stowell, Johnny Valdes and John Albano at the home of Rex Platner real-estate agent with catered Mexican food by my son Christopher Benson, good attendance and everyone did not go away hungry. Stay tuned for more of these coming your way.
The Gallo Center kicks into gear with the 2019 schedule with more great shows. In March 1st Los Freres Meduses, 2nd Irish Rovers, 3rd Well shall overcome, 8th MSO Disney concert, 16th Don Felder /Eagles band member, 21st Blue Brothers Tribute, 29th Will Ackerman-4 guitars, and 30th Los de Mando. Complete schedule; Galloarts.org.
And slightly off the beaten path the Newman Theatre features for March;23rd; 2nd Frank Sulivan & Dirty Kitchen, 9th Boys of Summer / Eagles tribute, 16th Sourdough Slim & Robert Armstrong, 23th Rockin down the Highway /Doobies tribute and April 6th Rudy Parris /BB King tribute. Call the Theatre for details:
Come back out for Third Thursday Art Walk 5 to 9:00 PM for some great art and music in the downtown! Lowdown on the jam session in the downtown: Queen Bean Sundays open mike night also in an all age environment. So take some time out to hear some live music and the arts of our own town as well this month, think globally and act locally. All the best, peace out! Eric Benson, cell 209- 918-7033, email; firstname.lastname@example.com<mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com>.

subset: commoncrawl


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Whether you have a website or you own a business, having reviews or testimonials can help make your business more credible, trustworthy and will hopefully convince people to get services from you instead of your competitors. Thus, today we've reviewed an amazing app that can help you get customer reviews and feedback, instantly! The app is called Business Reviews Hub, and it is our Business App of the Month for a reason. Read on and find out why.
What is Business Reviews Hub all about?
Business Reviews Hub is a great and useful business app, suitable for both Android and iOS devices. It helps businesses collect feedback from their customers and boosts their positive online presence. It is super-simple, neat and user-friendly, with a wide range of unique features.
App Highlights
We loved everything about this business tool. With it, you can get instant 5-star reviews and website feedback, because nothing says trustworthy like a 5-star review from a real-life, satisfied customer. The app has an integrated pre-screening method, meaning if the review is positive, it will direct them to your page to leave a review, and if negative, it will direct them to send feedback to your company email. It works pretty simple: your customer receives a text message from the app, thanking them for using your amazing local company and asking for a positive review, as well as providing links to your company web page. Once your customer is on your company's page, they can choose which popular review site they want to leave their review on. Then you will get an instant, positive feedback from your customers.
With neat dashboard, employee portal, detailed business review information and instant messaging system, Business Reviews Hub can be downloaded for free from one of the following links.
Official Website Link: Business Reviews Hub
App Store Download Link: Business Reviews Hub
Google Play Download Link: Business Reviews Hub


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Monarch 1110 Labels - "Sale Price"
16 Rolls, 1,063 Labels per roll. Plus FREE Ink Roller! Made in the USA
A bright yellow label with red text that really grabs a shopper's attention. Make sure that they know it's on sale.
The general purpose permanent adhesive works in all temperatures and on a variety of products. The security slits discourage price switching because the label will tear when someone tries to remove it.


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In May 2017, California senators approved Bill 179, the Gender Recognition Act. The bill removes the requirement that a person seeking to obtain a new birth certificate from the State Registrar must have first "undergone clinically appropriate treatment" and instead allows anyone, regardless of whether or not they have undergone any treatment, to submit a form and obtain a new birth certificate.
The bill would also "provide modified procedures to obtain a court order for a change of name to conform to the petitioner's gender identity and a court judgment to recognize a change in the petitioner's gender" while deleting the requirement that the petitioner must have first "undergone clinically appropriate treatment for the purpose of gender transition."
It also deletes the minimum age requirement for changing the gender on one's identifying documents and allows a minor to obtain new documents through the approval of one parent. The bill requires a potentially dissenting parent to appear in court to "show cause."


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Kutuzov VideoPosted: December 15, 2010 Filed under: 1812 | Tags: animation, naomi allen, silent movies Leave a comment
Here is a sneak preview of a scene with the Supreme Commander Kutuzov from the 1812 animation. It's using the sketches done by a friend, Naomi Allen, and using Adobe Photoshop and After Effects.
The sketches I edited by filling in the spaces with a loose paintbucket tool which gives a nice effect, pretty similar to my animation from last year. I like the effect and I think it looks really nice. I've also included the film effect I'll be using in this video; it, along with some desaturaisation, gives the sense of an old film, a documentary film in fact, which should add to the experience of the animation.
Anyway, I hope you enjoy, please do send some comments.
Silent Movie SlidesPosted: November 7, 2010 Filed under: 1812 | Tags: narrative device, silent movies 1 Comment
For my animation I'd like to narrate the whole piece using slides, just like in a silent movie. I've designed one which I'm most likely going to use and, with the help of a friend named Victor who is fluent in Russian, hope to use cyrillic text in Russian for them, to keep with the theme of the piece. There will be English subtitles of course but hopefully it should look something like this:


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Last night, Cardiff was invaded by 63,500 football fans to watch the World Cup qualifier between Wales and Northern Ireland.
Living as I do very near the Millennium Stadium, on match days I have to put up with the sounds of airhorns and chants, and the smells of burgers being cooked outside my flat, stale alcohol and piss. Plus a sea of Welsh football/rugby supporters blankly waving the flag, having dragons stencilled on their face and other tribal means of showing "Yes! We're in the same tribe!". Ugly, and sends unwarranted shivers up my spine.
Don't know why they bother really – I remember going to a Wales international match once, and the announcer saying "And don't forget, the welsh word for Wales is Cymru! So sing Cymru!". Devastating indictment of so-called patriotism/nationalism in Wales. It's probably no more real than people dressing up as Doctor Who.
(And before everyone writes in and complains, it's just as bad when someone parades around in an English flag, or Chinese flag. I just have a deep unease of blatant shows of nationalism / patriotism / tribalism.)
However, there were also a sea of green-coloured people from Northern Ireland. Most of them seemed fine, friendly and peaceful. (Alas none of them seemed to be cute redhaired Irish ladies with fire in their soul).
But there was a disturbing minority of chanty Irish football fans either shouting "Death to the IRA" or "We are the IRA". Couldn't figure that one out. Some of them were waving around a white flag with a red cross, inside of which was an icon of a red raised fist. No idea what it means or represents, but not very charming.


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Request an Appointment
Click the corresponding link below to email Sonya. You will receive an email with the link to secure and pay for your appointment.
Cancellations must be made two days in advance. Cancellations fewer than 48 hours will incur the full fee.
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The Schuylerville Central School District is excited to welcome a certified athletic trainer, physical therapist assistant and certified strength and conditioning specialist to the Athletics Department for the 2014-2015 school year.
"An athletic trainer means extra care for our student athletes," Athletic Director Heath Morris said. "Not only will our injured athletes benefit through rehabilitation, but all of our athletes will help reduce their risk of injury through preventive exercise programs."
Lisa Muscatello has 17 years of experience in outpatient orthopedic and sports-specific rehabilitation. She is coming to the district from Saratoga Hospital where she specializes in shoulder and knee rehabilitation.
"The Regional Therapy Center of Saratoga Hospital is very excited to initiate a relationship with Schuylerville Central Schools," Muscatello said. "We will be instrumental in injury assessment and streamlining of injuries in a more timely fashion. I come to Schuylerville with extensive sports medicine knowledge and experience with sideline care of all injuries, for boys and girls sports."
Muscatello graduated from SUNY Canton with her Associate's degree in physical therapy and completed her Master's degree in Athletic Training at Old Dominion University. She will work closely with Schuylerville's student athletes each Monday from 2:30-4 p.m., performing clinical assessments, game prep for varsity football, sideline coverage for varsity boys and girls soccer and varsity boys lacrosse games. Muscatello's assessments will help determine whether a student's injury (sprain, strain, concussion, laceration, dislocation, etc.) can be managed with self-care and home exercises, or if the student needs a referral to a specialist. She will also be in direct contact with Schuylerville's school nurses and Dr. Robert Nielson to communicate any injuries or concerns.
"It's just another victory for our Schuylerville student athletes," High School Nurse Pam Driscoll said. "Lisa will be another person to make sure our athletes are healthy and ready to play at a high level."


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As thousands of Kiwi families pack their camping gear in readiness for summer getaways, holiday parks are expecting their busiest-ever season.
"There has never been a better time to explore New Zealand, petrol is relatively affordable and we have the bonus of an extra long weekend as a result of the Mondayisation of Waitangi Day, Holiday Accommodation Parks Association of New Zealand (HAPNZ) Chief Executive Fergus Brown said.
But, with record numbers of international visitors expected to arrive this summer, holidaymakers will need to book ahead to ensure they get the accommodation they want.
There is still space available through January in many holiday parks. But it will definitely pay to check park websites and book ahead, he said.
The latest Holiday Parks Business Confidence Monitor confirms that holiday parks are looking forward to healthy business this summer.


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I have spent the last several days listening to people who are crueler than I am, people who denigrate and pander, people who lie with a smile, people who mislead, people who present their argument with such passion and authority that you could almost think they believe what they are saying is true except it is nothing more than political posturing, people who need to display righteous indignation.
I have spent the last several days (to the detriment of my sleep cycle) listening and watching the Senate's Supreme Court nomination hearings.
While most of you might find this a tedious and boring way to spend an evening, for me, it is fun to watch a probable 2020 presidential candidate try to sound as though he actually is undecided in his questioning. Such is difficult in reality because affirming the nomination contradicts what his base will see as virtue.
I find it interesting to watch the senior senator from Illinois bluster his way through a speech that were the situation reversed his argument would be exactly the opposite of the current one he is making. There is zero doubt as to his decision on whether to approve of a competent and qualified candidate for the court. His vote last year proved how open-minded he is in his decisions.
These hearings, and the ones from last year, while as entertaining as any soap opera or circus could be, are quite informative as to the way our system has come to work and revealing in the partisanship that has become our union.
Within hours of the announcement of the nominee for the Supreme Court justice-to-be, there were multiple senators who had already declared their decision to vote "no" based solely upon the fact that he was chosen by the current President of the United States.
It is also true that there were comments made by some senators in support of the nominee before the hearings had begun. Although, this is less of a concern since elections decide who is allowed to nominate judges to sit on the federal bench.
It was once considered normal for deference to be given to the choice put forth with consent coming after confirming that the nominee was competent, qualified, and of good standing.
Sadly, that went away in the late 1980s and early 1990s when the process became politicized and the destruction of an individual's reputation and livelihood was considered acceptable collateral damage in the pursuit of a political agenda and guaranteed judicial opinions.
Since the final vote is pretty much a forgone conclusion, considering the current party in power in the legislative and executive branch is the same, I do not watch to know the outcome.
I watch to learn. I watch to understand. When questions are thoughtfully asked and answered in a meaningful way with an intention to make an informed decision, I watch to get a glimpse of what it is we could be as citizens and representatives.
I have enjoyably spent the last several days watching people who are smarter than me, more patient than I am, people more informed than I will ever be, and, without question, people more sincere and dedicated to the proposition that service to our nation and public institutions is an honor.
RICHARD PUGH, of Ottawa, is enjoying life in the Illinois River Valley. He can be reached by emailing email@example.com.


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Posts Tagged 'Pantagruelian'
The not-so-nice bits of Nice
MURDER IS EVERYWHERE—Sunday, 25th February 2018
Writers must make for strange travelling companions. And crime writers must make for the strangest travelling companions of all. Mostly, we are not there simply for the view. When I visit anywhere that I've pencilled in as a possible location for a novel, I'm looking for something specific – something that could only happen in that place, or where the place dictates the action to begin with. I generally want to see the grubby backstreets rather than the tourist hotspots.
Take my trip to France earlier this month, for instance. On the homeward leg, I was due to fly out of Nice, which presented the ideal opportunity for some on-the-ground research.
Nice is a beautiful city on the Mediterranean, if you discount the package jets flying into the beachfront airport at regular intervals during the day. The Promenade des Anglais runs from the airport for 7km along the seafront. Known to locals as "La Prom" it is a place to stroll, cycle, skate, or sunbathe, and to be seen doing so. Until the Bastille Day attack of 2016, that is.
I was interested to see a bit of La Prom, but mostly to check what additional security barriers and precautions had been brought in over the last two years. London bridges these days have concrete and steel central reservations worthy of a motorway.
Mainly, though, I wanted to see the harbour. Or, more particularly, the boats therein. Ever since I lived aboard as a child, I've been fascinated by yachts, from the traditional to the sleekly modern.
Their ports of registration were interesting to note. The majority were from the Channel Islands or Malta, and the reasons behind that will make intriguing further reading for me, no doubt.
More – including many very Nice snapshots – in my Murder Is Everywhere blog
This week's Word of the Week is Pantagruelian meaning enormous, and originating in the late 17th century from Pantagruel, who was the giant in Rabelais's novel of the same name.
This week sees the launch of CULPRITS: The Heist Was Just the Beginning, edited by Richard Brewer and Gary Phillips. The book is an anthology, but not in the usual way. The editors wrote the opening set-up – the heist and the complications that followed. The contributors wrote what happened next, and I'm proud to be a part of it. If you're on NetGalley, you can order a copy for review now.


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Hybrid Bikes That Are Suitable for Women
You should be able to ride bikes every once in a while and get benefits within a short period so you will be able to appreciate all you can get from making the right biking decisions and even encourage others to follow suit.
How Hybrid Bikes Can Benefit You
Following these steps will make it easier for women to choose the right hybrid bike in a short period we will be able to enjoy the biking in their current location and are starting things you should know fast. When selecting a hybrid bike it is important to take note of the features it has which is why women are encouraged to check the capability of these bikes before purchasing it in the long run.
You should make sure you buy a hybrid bike which will be able to perform the services it is required and will easily be able to cruise on city streets as well as they can interesting trails on mountains. When you are buying a hybrid bike it is important to communicate to the manufacturer so that they're able to give you a clear guideline on how you can benefit when you have purchased the bike and how you can efficiently use it.
The bike should be able to perform much better even in rainy weather so that you are able to commute from one place to another and make sure that they have aluminum frame so that the lifespan of the bike increases. The fitness of the rider is really important which is why they should focus on the features of the bike before buying it and make sure they are able to get what they are looking for from the hybrid bike.
When choosing a bike, it is important to take note of how you are going to use it and the places you are going to use it in which is why you should make sure it is versatile enough at the end of the day to withstand pothole infested roads. If you are going to use the hybrid bike daily than it is important to look for one that has fenders and also storage racks for your clothes and lunch but the bike is normally adopted for pavement use with slick tires and furious.
When people are buying the hybrid bikes and plan to use it on rough trails, it is important to take note of whether they have suspensions in the front fork that will prevent the rough surfaces from affecting their handling and promotes the longetivity of your own strength.


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Whitney Young,
Exec Dir National
Urban League,
Top 5 Most
Influential Civil
Rights Leaders,
Whitney Blake
actor, producer,
director 'Route
66', 'Hazel', 'One
Day at a Time',
Whitney Houston,
singer, closely
related to Dione
Warwick, Darlene
Love, and Aretha
Franklin born in
1963, named for
Whitney Blake?!


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Online Learning
In an online learning course, some course content and all learning activities are done online using a kind of course Web site called a Learning Management System (LMS). At Concordia, once a course has been approved to move online, the instructor is paired with an eConcordia development team to support them through the process of developing an online course.
Why teach your course online?
Here are a few of the advantages of online courses:
Aligning education with the way that people use technology today for socializing, working and learning opens the door to new teaching methods. An array of sophisticated learning tools makes it easier to introduce different interactive elements in your course, which makes it easier for students to meet learning outcomes.
Online courses offer flexibility over face-to-face classes giving students the opportunity who would not otherwise have been able to take the course. Online courses are also seamlessly scalable from small groups to thousands of learners in one course offering.
Online courses are the true example of learning anywhere and at any time. Easy access to course content offers the students the advantage of learning the subject at their own pace and in comfortable settings.
Online courses have the flexibility of offering many different delivery formats - from text, audio, images, animation, and streaming video to serious games and interactive tools, there are multiple options for enhancing students' learning experiences.
Learning activities in an online course can be either synchronous or asynchronous. Synchronous teaching can take multiple forms, from online chats or webcasts to live online classes were students are interacting live with the professor. Asynchronous teaching does not require students and instructors to be online or in person at the same time; these include videos, discussion forums, wikis, games, and many more. Research shows that the technologies associated with synchronous and asynchronous learning can improve the quality of student-teacher interactions, foster increased student engagement, and improve learning outcomes (Hastie, Hung, Chen, Kinsuk, 2010; Simonson et al., 2012).
Student-student and faculty-student interactions can greatly increase in an online environment. Discussion boards, social networks, wikis and other collaborative activities give students the opportunity to interact online with each other and the instructor in different ways. Studies show that the higher a learner perceives the level of collaboration, the more satisfied they are with online learning overall (Diaz & Entonado, 2009; Er et al., 2009).
A Learning Management System (LMS) gives instructors the ability to track learners' activity to varying degrees. From completion of learning activities to self-assessments or informative and timely feedback, instructors can easily track learners' overall behaviour. This feedback can help instructors make adjustments to instruction during the course and for the next iteration.
What does an online course look like?
Diaz, L. A., & Entonado, F. B. (2009). Are the functions of teachers in e-learning and face-to-face learning environments really different? Educational Technology & Society, 12(4), pp. 331-343.
Er, E., Özden, M., & Arifoglu, A. (2009). A blended e-learning environment: A model proposition for integration of asynchronous and synchronous e-learning. International Journal Of Learning, 16(2), pp. 449-460.
Hastie, M., Hung, I-C., Chen, N-S., & Kinshuk (2010). A blended synchronous learning model for educational international collaboration. Innovations in Education and Teaching International 47(1), pp. 9-24.
Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and learning at a distance: Foundations of distance education. (5th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
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The incidence of global head and neck cancer has increased markedly in the last 10 years, and its prognosis is poor, which seriously endangers people's life and health. At present, there are few studies on its pathogenesis. Golgi integral membrane protein 4 (GOLIM4) is a major member of the Golgi apparatus transporter complex, and its role in tumor is unclear. The present study found that GOLIM4 was the key target protein downstream of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), which can inhibit the proliferation of head and neck cancer cells FaDu (human pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cell) and Tca-8113 (human tongue squamous carcinoma cell) with knockdown of GOLIM4 by lentivirus. And the decreased expression of GOLIM4 induced cellular apoptosis. Further experiments revealed that FaDu cell cycle progression was changed after GOLIM4 silence, G1 phase arrest and the number of G2/M cells decreased significantly. It was also found that the cells in S-phase decreased markedly after GOLIM4 was knocked down compared with the control group by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation experiment. In conclusion, we found that GOLIM4, as the target gene downstream of STIM1, inhibited the proliferation of head and neck cancer, promoted apoptosis, and regulated cell cycle progression, and GOLIM4 is a novel oncogene in head and neck cancer and might help in developing promising targetted therapies for head and neck cancer patients.
The incidence of global head and neck cancer has increased markedly in the last 10 years, and over 90% of head and neck cancer are squamous cell carcinoma. The prognosis of head and neck cancer is not optimistic, due to its rapid growth and infiltration. Because of the anatomical structure and the importance of the preservation of organ function, the treatment of head and neck cancer is complicated, the operative or nonoperative treatment not only affects the patient's survival, but also greatly affects the patient's quality of life. Postoperative recurrence and metastasis remained the main cause of death in patients with head and neck cancer, such as oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma [1]. Therefore, it is urgent to study the pathogenesis and development of head and neck cancer.
The imbalance of Ca2+ homeostasis plays an important role in the development of tumor [2]. The dynamic equilibrium of cytoplasmic calcium concentration regulates several intracellular signaling pathways, which are related to the expression of many growth factors and cytokines. These affect many basic cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, and gene regulation [3]. And store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) [4] plays a key role in maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis.
In our previous study, we found that the expression of calcium channel protein STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1), a member of SOCE complex in head and neck cancer was significantly higher than that in the adjacent tissues. Furthermore, the expression of STIM1 can be detected in FaDu, um-scc-17a, and HEP-2 head and neck cancer cell lines. Knockdown of STIM1 dramatically inhibited the proliferation rate and the cloning ability of FaDu cells and the proportion of apoptotic cells increased. Moreover, silencing STIM1 significantly restrained tumor growth in nude mice [5–7]. In order to further define the molecular mechanism of STIM1 in OSCC, we used gene microarray and bioinformatics analysis and found that Golgi integral membrane protein 4 (GOLIM4) was the target of STIM1. GOLIM4 is a component of the Golgi transport complex and plays an important role in the transport of Golgi proteins [8]. Although it has been reported that the Golgi apparatus can be involved in the biological process of tumor, the functions of GOLIM4 in the development of tumorigenesis are not clear.
In the present study, we found that the STIM1-GOLIM4 signal axis played a pivotal role in head and neck cancer. Consistent with STIM1, the expression of GOLIM4 protein in head and neck cancer cells was high, and low GOLIM4 significantly inhibited the proliferation of head and neck cancer cell lines. Moreover, the low expression of GOLIM4 induced apoptosis and regulated cell cycle process, resulting in cellular G1-phase block, and the number of S-phase cells significantly reduced. This suggested that STIM1 can influence the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression of head and neck cancer by regulating the expression of GOLIM4.
Materials and methods
Cell lines and cell culture
The cell lines FaDu (human pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cell) and Tca-8113 (human tongue squamous carcinoma cell) were purchased from Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai and cultured in DMEM medium (10-013-CVR, Corning) containing 10% FBS (VS500T, Ausbian), 100 U/ml penicillin and 0.1 mg/ml streptomycin at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2.
High-content screening assay
Cell viability was detected the by the Celigo™ cytometer (Nexcelom) using 96-well plates. FaDu and Tca-8113 cells were seeded at 3000 or 1500 cells per well with 100 μl culture medium. After 24 h, cells plates were read once a day using Celigo™ cytometer to accurately calculate the number of green fluorescent cells from each scan of a plate for five consecutive days. Each experiment was analyzed in triplicate and at least three independent experiments were performed.
Cell proliferation assay
Cell proliferation was detected by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay, measuring DNA synthesis using the BrdU Cell Proliferation ELISA kit (11647229001, Roche). Cells were seeded in 96-well plates at least for three independent experiments. The experiment was performed according to the manufacturer's protocol. The number of proliferating cells is represented by the level of BrdU incorporation which directly correlates to the absorbance values and the OD was quantitated at 450 nm with a reference wavelength of 630 nm.
Relative quantitative-PCR
Cell total RNA was extracted using TRIzol reagent (3101-100, Pufei Biotechnology) according to the manufacturer's instructions. TRIzol-prepared RNA was reverse-transcribed into cDNA using M-MLV Reverse Transcriptase (M1705, Promega). Based on SYBR Green PCR Master Mix (DRR041B, TaKaRa), relative quantitative-PCR was subsequently performed on LightCycler 480 Ⅱ (Applied Roche) using cDNA as template. GAPDH was used as a control for normalization. The relative GOLIM4 expression was normalized to GAPDH, and data analysis was conducted using the comparative CT method. The PCR primers used were as follows: GOLIM4 forward primer: 5′-AAACTCTATGCTCCCACCC-3′, Reverse primer: 5′-GCTGCTCTTTCCACTCCC-3′, GAPDH forward primer: 5′-TGACTTCAACAGCGACACCCA-3′, Reverse primer: 5′-CACCCTGTTGCTGTAGCCAAA-3′.
Western blot analysis
Cell lysates were prepared with RIPA lysis buffer (P0013B, Beyotime) at 4°C. Protein concentrations were measured by BCA Protein Assay Kit (P0010S, Beyotime). Proteins were fractionated using SDS/PAGE and then electroblotted on to 0.45-μm PVDF membranes and then blocked in 5% nonfat milk dissolved in TBST for 1 h at room temperature. The membranes were incubated with primary antibodies overnight, washed in TBST for 10 min three times, and then incubated with the HRP-conjugated secondary antibody. Primary antibodies against GAPDH (sc-32233) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. The antibodies against GOLIM4 was purchased from Abnova (PAB28477). The antibodies against MDM2 (ab38618), CDK6 (ab151247), and GADD45 (ab180768) were purchased from Abcam. Secondary antibody goat anti-rabbit IgG-HRP (sc-2005) were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. The blots were detected using Pierce™ ECL Western Blotting Substrate kit (M3121, Thermo Scientific).
The lentivirus-mediated shRNA expressing vector was constructed and synthesized from Genechem Technology (Shanghai, China). The sequences of shRNA targetting genes were showed in Table 1. Cells were seeded at ~50% confluence and infected at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 50 and 5 μg/ml polybrene. Forty-eight hours after infection, the cells were cultured in DMEM containing puromycin (2 μg/ml) to obtain stably infected cells.
|Gene symbol .
|shRNA targetting sequences .
|Gene symbol .
|shRNA targetting sequences .
Cell apoptosis measurement
Cell apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit APC (88-8007, BD Bioscience). After 4 days of lentivirus infection, FaDu and Tca-8113 cells were harvested and stained according to manufacturer's protocol. Data acquisition and analysis were performed in a Guava easyCyte HT (Millipore) and data were analyzed and calculated using FlowJo software.
Cell cycle analysis
Cell cycle assay was determined by Propidium Iodide (P4170, Sigma) staining using a flow cytometer. In brief, cells infected with control lentivirus or GOILM4-shRNA lentivirus were seeded in six-well plates and cultured to 80% confluence, then harvested by trypsinization and fixed with 70% cold ethanol at 4°C for 6 h to overnight. Then, cells were incubated with 10 mg/ml RNase (EN0531, Fermentas) for 30 min at room temperature. DNA distribution was analyzed by FACS on a Guava easyCyte HT (Millipore) cytometry and data were analyzed and calculated using FlowJo software.
Statistical analysis
The statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 software (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, U.S.A.). Each experiment was conducted as at least three independent repeats. Student's t tests were used to analyze the differences between two groups. A probability value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
GOLIM4 is elevated in head and neck cancer
To identify the genes which regulated by STIM1 that affect the growth, apoptosis, and cell cycle of head and neck cancer cells, we silenced STIM1 in FaDu cells (human pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cell) and found 20 candidate genes significantly down-regulated. Then we used lentivirus to knockdown these 20 candidate genes in FaDu cells (Table 1), and tested the effect of candidate genes on cell proliferation. We found that knockdown of GOLIM4 and DLGAP5 could significantly inhibit proliferation of FaDu cells (Figure 1A). The fluorescence intensity of cells knockdown of GOLIM4 was observed under microscope, and it was found that the fluorescence intensity of cells knockdown of GOLIM4 decreased significantly compared with the negative control group (Figure 1B). And analysis the number of cells also found that knockdown of GOLIM4 significantly inhibited the growth of FaDu cells (Figure 1C). Furthermore, we compared the expressions of GOLIM4 in 44 normal tissues and 521 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database, and found that the expression of GOLIM4 was significantly higher in tumor tissues (Figure 1D). In addition, we also found a positive correlation between the expression of GOLIM4 and STIM1 in head and neck tumor tissues (Figure 1E).
GOLIM4 is decreased when knocked down of STIM1
Knockdown of GOLIM4 inhibits head and neck cancer cell viability
In order to further clarify the effect of GOLIM4 on cell viability, we first examined the expression of GOLIM4 at RNA and protein levels with lentivirus infection, and found that the knockdown efficiency reached more than 60% (Figure 2A–D). Then, we use Celigo experiment to detect the effect of GOLIM4 on the two head and neck cancer cell lines FaDu cells and Tca-8113 cells (human tongue squamous carcinoma cell). According to the fluorescence intensity, the group that knockdown of GOLIM4 had lower active cells than the control group since day 4 (Figure 2E), and that the number of active cells decreased significantly (Figure 2F). It is proved that GOLIM4 can maintain cell proliferation activity, the low expression of GOLIM4 can inhibit the growth of head and neck cancer cells.
Knockdown of GOLIM4 significantly inhibits head and neck cancer cell viability
GOLIM4 affects the cell cycle progression of head and neck cancer cells
As GOLIM4 regulates cell proliferation activity, we wanted to explore whether GOLIM4 affects the cell cycle of head and neck cancer cells. Therefore, we used the flow cytometry to detect the changes in the cell cycle of FaDu and Tca-8113 cells after knockdown of GOLIM4 (Figure 3A,C). We found that the percentage of cells in G1-phase was increased by GOLIM4 knockdown, whereas the cells in the G2/M phase were significantly reduced (Figure 3B,D). The results showed that low expression of GOLIM4 could cause G1-phase arrest, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of shGOLIM4 on cell growth may be caused by cell cycle block in G1 phase. Then we detected the expression of three key genes of p53 pathway MDM2, CDK6, and GADD45A when knockdown of GOLIM, and found that MDM2, CDK6 were decreased while GADD45A was increased (Supplementary Figure S1A). This is consistent with the effect of STIM1 on head and neck cancer cell cycle.
Knockdown of GOLIM4 results in G1 phase arrest in head and neck cancer cells
Decreased GOLIM4 expression results in reduced S-phase cells
In addition, we further applied BrdU incorporation assay to test the effect of GOLIM4 expression on the number of S-phase cells. It was found that knockdown of GOLIM4 in FaDu and Tca-8113 cells could significantly reduce the number of S-phase cells (Figure 4A,B). This result implicates that GOLIM4 can not only lead to G1 phase arrest, but also significantly keeps cells from entering into S-phase, thus regulating the cell proliferation.
The low expression level of GOLIM4 in head and neck cancer cells results in a decrease in S-phase cells
Low expression of GOLIM4 induces apoptosis of head and neck cancer cells
Finally, we also used flow cytometry to detect the effect of GOLIM4 expression on cellular apoptosis (Figure 5A,C). Compared with the control group, the proportion of annexin V-positive cells in GOLIM4 knockdown group was increased significantly (Figure 5B,D), which indicated that the number of early-stage apoptotic cells elevated by GOLIM4 knockdown. Therefore, GOLIM4 can maintain cell viability by reducing apoptosis of head and neck cancer cells.
Knockdown of GOLIM4 induced apoptosis in head and neck cancer cells
Our research further revealed the molecular mechanism of STIM1 in head and neck cancer, which regulated cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle, and found GOLIM4 was the target gene downstream of STIM1. Results showed that knockdown of GOLIM4 could inhibit cell proliferation, promote apoptosis, and change cell cycle progression. These results revealed the mechanism of STIM1-GOLIM4 signaling pathway in the development of head and neck cancer, and expounded the regulation network of endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi interaction in the formation of head and neck cancer.
Some studies have found that the Golgi apparatus can participate in the process of tumor biology. For example, Golgi (Golgi protein, GOLPH2) participates in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and is considered to be a potential indicator of liver cancer serum [9,10]. Golgi protein GOLM1 is related to the development of prostate cancer [11]. Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate can regulate the adhesion of tumor cells thus influence the metastasis of breast cancer [12], and it is reported that the polarization of the Golgi body also participates in the metastasis of breast cancer [13]. In addition, the Golgi apparatus also participate in colorectal cancer by controlling the sensitivity of mTOR to amino acids, and is closely related to the prognosis of colorectal cancer [14]. The difference of Golgi network also determines the secretory phenotype of different tumors [15].
GOLIM4, identified as a Golgi protein, is a 130-kDa membrane protein that is integrated into the cis/medial Golgi apparatus, which is a kind II Golgi protein. GOLIM4 is a Golgi protein that circulates between Golgi apparatus and endosomes, and its shuttle is pH sensitive. GOLIM4 is considered being a homologous with the membrane proteins of the Golgi apparatus of rat. Although located in the early Golgi apparatus, it has advanced Golgi apparatus modification function [16]. The ST-1 of Shiga toxin can directly combine with GOLIM4, so that the ST-1 is free from lysosome degradation, the increase in Mn can down-regulate the expression of GOLIM4, reducing the toxicity of Shiga toxin [17]. The increased, nontoxic dose of Mn protects the ST-1-induced cell death of Shigella by lowering the GOLIM4. Mn is combined with GOLIM4 in the Golgi matrix, causing the GOLIM4 to form an oligomer, and then the complex is transferred to lysosomal degradation [18]. These suggest that GOLIM4 may be associated with cell death, but the role of GOLIM4 in tumors has not been reported. The Golgi apparatus can also co-ordinate with the endoplasmic reticulum to regulate the biological behavior of the tumor [19]. Although the function of Golgi apparatus in the development of multiple tumors has been reported, the function of Golgi and ER complex proteins and their interactions with endoplasmic reticulum in head and neck cancer is unclear. Here, we showed that GOLIM4 regulated the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression of head and neck cancer. We first clarified the functions of GOLIM4 in tumors and the roles of Golgi–endoplasmic reticulum interaction in head and neck cancer, but the interaction of STIM1 and the expression of GOLIM4 as well as the role of GOLIM4 in the formation of head and neck cancer needed further study.
In summary, we have revealed that STIM1-GOLIM4 influence the development of head and neck cancer through the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle, and found that endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus interaction was important in the occurrence of head and neck cancer, suggesting that the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus maybe the cut-in point targetted head and neck cancer cells. It provides a new potential target for clinical treatment of head and neck cancer.
This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia [grant number 2017MS0839]; and the Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital Major Research Projects Funded Project [grant number NYFY ZD 016].
Competing interests
The authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the manuscript.
Author contribution
X.C. conceived the study, carried out the experimental design and data interpretation, and prepared and revised the manuscript. D.G. and Y.B. performed most of the experiments. Y.B. performed the high-content screening assay. Y.W. performed the Western blot. W.W. and B.W. performed statistical analysis.
- BrdU
cycle threshold
Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium
endoplasmic reticulum
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Golgi integral membrane protein 4
horseradish peroxidase
- mTOR
mammalian target of rapamycin
optical density
oral squamous carcinoma
radio-immunoprecipitation assay
shiga toxin-1
Tris buffered saline tween
store-operated Ca2+ entry
stromal interaction molecule 1


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all questions asked by your lender.
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The purpose of this guide is to assist you in using the library and with finding different types of resources to include in your assignments, dissertations and projects.
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City, University of London has four libraries: the Northampton Square Library, the Cass Learning Resource Centre, the City Law School Library (Northampton Square) and the City Law School Library at Gray's Inn Place.
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Most of the modules you will take at City will have a reading list, prepared by your lecturers, indicating the books and journal articles you need to read for the course, as well as additional readings you may find useful to learn more about the topic and to write your assignment.
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Make the best use of your reading lists to find the library resources recommended for your module and to save time.
CityLibrary Search is a library search engine. You can use CityLibrary Search to find information on the topic you are researching, and to locate books, e-books, journal articles, videos, and other material in the library collection at City.
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text: September is waiting at the threshold to give way to October to come in and start off. I mean the whole September just zipped by and I had no idea what happened to the days. Dates, ok. But days – it was so difficult to be sure what day it was, or is. The reason was because we were in the middle of a major project – shifting from our rented apartment to our own house. It was a big deal. Read more


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Scriptures Vs. Experiences with God
by Shemmie Y
10/02/2011 / Christian Living
"YOU (the Pharisees) search the Scriptures because you think they give you eternal life. But the Scriptures point to me! Yet you refuse to come to me to receive this life." John 5:39-40
We are so familiar with this Scripture, that we might have neglected it and thought it's not referring to any of us as Christians....but truly....it can refer some of us too....
It is good to equip ourselves well with the Words of God, that's important for it helps us to discern 'right' from 'wrong' teaching, any theories in the world. Only through the knowledge of God's word, shall we know what are the false teachings in the world.
It has nothing wrong with equipping ourselves with more of the knowledge of God through other books' reading....but personal experience with God is even more beneficial and powerful to our walk with God. Yes, even more beneficial and powerful.
I like a particular preacher very much because for whatever she says, is coming from her personal journey with Christ, she has learned to be humble before God, she has learned not to be proud or just craving after status and quo, but truly establish a personal and close relationship with Jesus. She hated her father but then through the changes in her - that Holy Spirit worked in her inner life, that she finally forgave her father and brought her father to Know Christ.....Her testimony is a 'living' testimony for all to see, and many will be thanking God for her because the changes they see in her is REAL, she does not just preach the words to the world, through her personal journey with GOD, others see her life changed by the power of GOD, so all men will give GLORY to God and acknowledge God is indeed working in her life.
Well, we meant to also live a life like this, brothers and sisters. Our lives have to be transparented for all to see, and when the Light of Christ shine on us, our lives should be changed, all our pasts is gone, and be replaced by the newness in Christ, other people SHOULD BE ABLE to see the changes in us.....His light would shine through us to others.......this is what it means to be really baptised with Christ in His death, that all our pasts - the dead sins have been buried with Christ, our old dirty clothes have replaced by a new clothes (we are covered by the love of Christ), our clothes are no longer look dirty but clean.
We need to look at our lives, and really see if we have changes in us, when we are truly transformed by God, others should see changes in us, that has to be the proof to show others, God's power is active and powerful, we need to let His power be shown in our lives. If not....then we might be just like the Pharisees, read and read but without real transformation, read and read but without real transparency. Read and read but without real revelation....
Reading is reading, transformation is activated by God's power. Revelation is revealed only when we are openly accepting the teaching from Christ, if our ears are blocked to His teaching, if our spirits are not tune into His channel, we cannot know Him in a close way, may God help us to crave for that closeness in Him, may we not get satisfied with our 'knowledge of the Bible' but truly long for the power of God in our lives that can be a "living testimony" to all, so that all glories and honor will belong to Christ alone. Amen.
Shemariah- passionate about the sexually-broken.http://hope4change.weebly.com Thank You.
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Lighting a living room is a unique challenge, since most living rooms serve multiple functions from relaxing in front of the tv to formal entertaining.
Unlike most other rooms, where their use dictate the position of he lighting fixtures, the living room will benefit from a flexible lighting plan. Lifestyles change over time, and so does the choice and arrangement of the furniture.
Table lamps and floor lamps offer flexiblility for your living room lighting plan. They are practical solutions as task lighting as well as for spreading ambient light and warmth.
Light Guide:
Living Room, Family Room, Bedroom Lighting Design
by Eric Strandberg, The Lighting Design Lab
Lighting for living spaces (living rooms, dens, or bedrooms) can actually be more difficult to design than lighting for task areas (kitchens, home offices, and baths). The lighting must be flexible for the many and varied activities in these rooms. The general emphasis is on atmosphere and mood, with the occasional task (reading a book, packing for a trip, or late night cleaning.).
Accent: Start by accent lighting points of interest: artwork, architectural details, and display areas. These elements are usually at the perimeter of the room -- on or adjacent to the wall. This is best accomplished with spot lights (low voltage halogen is a good energy-efficient choice), or wall washing (large lamp fluorescent strips are good for even lighting of large areas - see note below). Track or recessed lighting are good choices for spotlighting individual pieces of artwork or points of great interest. Bookshelves, very large wall art (quilts, murals, etc.) or collections (groups of small objects with equal import) are best lit with wallwashers. These can take the form of recessed cans or track, but a better choice may be to use architectural fixtures. A luminous soffitt or a valance can be built to hold fluorescent strips to provide uniform wall lighting. Don't forget to light 'floating' furniture like coffee tables, as these provide a nice focal point for seating areas.
Task: Once the points of interest have been lit, look for task areas to light (reading, wet bars, hobby or game tables). The amount of light you need will vary -- some hobbies can require a lot of light, while casual reading may use much less. A good strategy is to physically bring the light source to the task, as in a hanging fixture or a floor lamp, or to project the light to the task as with a spot light from track or recessed fixtures, but beware of glare with spot lights! Decorative elements in these areas such as portable fixtures, or a pendant hanging over a game table can be a nice touch. If you use recessed lighting, plan your furniture layout very carefully. If you make significant changes later, the tasks may be in different places.
Ambient: After the accent lighting and the task lighting comes the ambient lighting. In small rooms with light surfaces, you may not need any extra lighting to provide ambient light. Portable fixtures and the light reflecting off of artwork may provide enough light to comfortably move through the space. However, in a large room, or one with dark surfaces, additional ambient lighting may be wanted. Recessed lighting is a poor choice for ambient lighting. Instead, look to use wall sconces or ceiling lights, or add a portable fixture or two (think about using switched outlets on the portables). A great way to add ambient light is with indirect fluorescent lights. You can create a cove or lightshelf on the walls to bounce light off of the ceiling. Lighting the ceiling helps expand the space and can add visual interest to the room itself.
Remember to layer the light and control the layers independently so the room can adapt to different functions as desired. Dimmers are a good way to help the lighting be more adaptable and they extend the life of incandescent bulbs considerably.
Note: Recommendation: use electronic ballasts for T-8 lamps. In living spaces a low color temperature (3000 degrees K) and a high CRI (80+) is usually desirable. If your lighting budget allows, think about using a dimmable ballast.
by Eric Strandberg, The Lighting Design Lab


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If you have an echo show or echo spot, it can be paired with a compatible Wi-Fi camera to display the video feed on the display. If you're in the market for a Wi-Fi camera and want it to work with Alexa, here are the best for the job
Amazon Cloud Cam ($ 1
If you're already deep in your knees The Amazon smarthome ecosystem, and you want to equip your home with Wi-Fi cameras that are compatible with Alexa, you really can not do that with Amazon's own cloud cam.
There is nothing special compared to the competition If you know that Amazon is your own preparation, you know immediately that you get the best seamless integration with your device and your Echo devices.
It works great with your echo show or your echo point and it comes with night vision, and conversation in both directions. As with all cameras in this list is also recorded in 1080p HD.
It has 24-hour video memory, but if you need more than that (and some advanced features, you can upgrade it.) To a subscription that offers you personal recognition (as opposed to normal motion detection) as well as motion zones.
An Outdoor Option: Logitech Circle 2 ($ 179)
It's a bit more expensive, but if you're looking for a Wi-Fi camera that you can set outside, Logitech's Circle 2 is a great option.
As with the Amazon Cloud Camera It has all the necessary features like night vision, two-way audio, 1080p HD video recording, 24 hours free storage and more. However, the Circle 2 has some unique features, such as an intelligent time-lapse feature, HomeKit support, a wide field of view of 180 degrees and weather resistance.
The Circle 2 may be a bit more expensive than a lot of other Wi-Fi cams, but its weatherproofing alone makes it a great option if you prefer some Wi-Fi cams to monitor your garden or your front door.
Other Free Storage: Arlo Q ($ 149)
If you prefer to use more storage space for free, the Arlo Q is a great alternative as it has seven days of free video storage.
The Arlo Q is not frugal As far as other features are concerned, this is good news – it has 1080p HD video, two-way communication, night vision, motion detection and supports Alexa so you can watch the video feed of your echo show or of the echo spot. [19659004] The biggest feature of Arlo products, however, is the generous free cloud storage for shots, available for free for seven days. This is certainly one of my favorite features related to the Arlo camera family.
Budget Option: Wyze Cam ($ 19)
If the price is the most important factor for you, you really can not drive with the Wyze Cam. It's the cheapest Wi-Fi camera we've ever seen, and it's very reliable.
With such a cheap camera, one would think that it has no significant features, but it delivers 1080p HD video and comes with night vision capabilities. It can even detect motion and send you alerts, just like most other Wi-Fi cameras that are five times as expensive.
Most importantly, it works with the echo show and the echopot, so you can start the video feed of your camcorder whenever you want Wyze Cam. Not bad for a $ 20 camera.


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How To Take Great Photos Of Your Vacation Rental Bathroom
Published by Accent Amenities on 7th Jan 2020
More travelers are finding and booking their lodging online than ever before. Every vacation rental owner knows that their online listing is the most important point of sale. What they might not know, however, is how to take photos that will successfully sell their property to prospective guests. While views, bedrooms and kitchens are all important images to display, it is the bathroom that can really seal the deal.
Here are some tips for taking great photos of your vacation rental bathroom:
Clean the clutter.
Before you get started, give your bathroom a thorough de-clutter. Knick-knacks and wall hangings might look cute, but you don't want to turn off would-be renters with too much clutter. The bathroom should look crisp and clean, not cluttered and confused.
Make sure it sparkles.
Once the clutter is gone, it's time to deep clean. It's important to get rid of all spots and streaks on glass and mirrors. Also, make sure the vanity, toilet, tub and shower door shine.
Open the blinds and turn on all the lights.
Use natural light to your advantage. It's best to photograph your vacation rental bathroom on a sunny day. Open the blinds and curtains and turn all of the lights on before you start photographing the space.
Add a pop of color.
While most travelers appreciate a very clean, neutral color palette in the bathroom, a little pop of color will help your bathroom photos stand out online. Think about adding a blooming orchid or small green plant to the counter space. You can achieve a similar effect by adding a brightly colored towel to the towel rack.
Don't oversell.
It's important to remember that you're not a real estate agent. You're not trying to sell a house. You're trying to attract vacation-goers. For that reason, don't oversell or make the bathroom look like something it isn't. You'll lose in the end with disappointed guests.
Details matter.
Before you start shooting your camera, be sure to review some of the most important details. Put the toilet seat down. Refill the toilet paper with a fresh roll. Hang clean, neatly folded towels. Place 4-5 full bottles of spa-quality toiletries on the vanity.
When in doubt, hire a professional.
These photos are a very important part of your marketing efforts. If you're not confident with your own photography skills, it might be time to call a professional for 25-30 photos taken throughout your vacation rental. The photos will quickly pay for themselves in bookings. And you'll be able to use them in several different places including your online listings, your website and your social media.
Have you taken incredible photos of your vacation rental bathroom? Share them with us on Facebook or Instagram. We'd love to hear from you!


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"Hi Bob The postman was just here, and my memorial has arrived! It is truly amazing! I have chosen the spot in the garden to place it. Thank you so much, it really is perfect, I could not be any more pleased with how it came out. I was just looking for a little stone to remember the doggies, now I have the images of those guys to remember them every time I look at the stone, thanks to you."
– Patricia; Tulsa, OK


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Link Boxes
- Direct grounding
- Single point bonding
- Cross bonding
- Cross bonding and transposition
- Sheath voltage limiters (SVL)
- Compact design
- IP 65 Protection *
- Made from Stainless steel
- 1-phase and 3-phase type
- Bonding Lead Size 95-300 Sq mm
- Buried & Non Buried Application
- With & Without Sheath voltage limiters (SVL)
- With & without removable links
- Can be used with concentric cables or single core cables
Standards Reference
- IP68 test IEC 60529
- DC test as per IEC 60060-1-1989
- Lighting Impulse test as per IEC 60230-1966
- Short Circuit test 40kA for 1 Sec RMS
Link Box is electrically and mechanically one of the integral accessories of HV underground and above ground cable bonding system, associated with HV XLPE power cable systems. Link boxes are used with cable joints and terminations to provide easy access to shield breaks for test purposes and to limit voltage build-up on the sheath.
Lightning, fault currents and switching operations can cause over voltages on the cable sheath. The link box optimizes loss management in the cable shield on cables grounded both sides. In HT Cable the bonding system is so designed that the cable sheaths are bonded and earthed or with SVL in such way as to eliminate or reduce the circulating sheath currents.
Link Boxes are used with cable joints and terminations to provide easy access to shield breaks for test purposes and to limit voltage build-up on the sheath. The link box is part of bonding system, which is essential of improving current carrying capacity and human protection. The various type of bonding methods using link boxes are categorized in the pdf file below


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Celebrate Dairy Day
Author: Ania Stilwell | August 29, 2018
When Marsha Anderson Leonard unveiled the original New York State Fair butter sculpture back in 1969, as the New York State Dairy Princess, she had no idea what a tradition it would become. Much like Dairy Day at The Great New York State Fair.
Look at all there is for fairgoers to see and enjoy during the 42nd Annual Dairy Day, on August 30, 2018.
Butter Sculpture
Visit the American Dairy Association North East 50th Anniversary Butter Sculpture in the Dairy Products Building. It's made of 800 pounds of butter! This year's sculpture depicts how "Your Milk Comes From A Good Place" – within 48 hours, milk goes from cow to cup! There's also a second mini sculpture that allows the visually impaired to and see how the visually impaired to enjoy by touch!
#UdderlyNY Instagram Contest
Get a photo of yourself with the Butter Sculpture and enter it in our Instagram Contest for a chance to win prizes including a New York City Dairy Getaway, NFL VIP Experience to a Bills or Giants game, Fall Farm Retreat, and more!
Dairy Princess Booth
Stop by and say hello to the Dairy Princesses at the Dairy Princess Booth in the Dairy Products Building. Have your questions about how milk travels from farm-to-table answered by a Dairy Princess, get free prizes and other swag, and take a spin at the Prize Wheel!
Dairy at the Dairy Products Building
Before heading out of the Dairy Products Building, stop and enjoy some dairy. Pick up a nicely chilled cup of chocolate or white milk at the Milk Bar. The milk is still only 25-cents a cup… what a deal! Sample cheese from across the state, try some new toppings on Chobani yogurt, and treat yourself to ice cream.
9 a.m. and 12:30 p.m. Cow Shows
Watch different types of cows strut their stuff! At 9 o'clock catch the Youth Ayrshire and Guernsey Show. At 12:30, it's the Youth Brown Swiss & Jersey Shows. Dairy Princesses will be there, too, handing out ribbons to the winners.
10:30 a.m. Undeniably Dairy Shake-Off Contest
This is one contest you won't want to miss, with emcee hosts Ted & Amy. Watch your favorite local media stations mix up their secret ingredient milkshake in our celebrity milkshake competition. This year's teams include radio stations 93Q, 95X, The Rebel 105.9. Plus, television stations Channel 9 News, CNYCentral, and Spectrum NEWS.
Cow Birthing Center
Watch newborn calves, like Emma, born to El-Vi Farms, and named after farm partner George Andrew's daughter Emma, take their first steps at the Cow Birthing Center. It's your opportunity to #AskaFarmerNotGoogle about dairy farming and how animals are cared for.
Throughout Dairy Day, you'll see Dairy Princesses roaming about the Fairgrounds and chatting with visitors. They'll help close out Dairy Day with the Dairy Princess Parade starting at 6 o'clock.
Plan your visit for Dairy Day... we hope to see you at The Fair!
American Dairy Association North East is one of 16 state and regional promotion organizations working under the umbrella of the United Dairy Industry Association. It is the local affiliate of the National Dairy Council®, which has been conducting nutrition education and nutrition research programs since 1915. For more information, visit www.americandairy.com.


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Pearland woman charged thousands of dollars for gas bill
Woman: "Instead of $24.72 going to Centerpoint, $2,472 went to Centerpoint."
HOUSTON – A Pearland woman was dumbfounded when she checked her bank account online and noticed her gas bill from Centerpoint Energy had cleared, at a cost she could not believe.
Vivian Clark didn't think she'd have to fork over an arm and a leg to cook at home.
She was surprised, Clark said, how expensive her gas bill was when it was lobbed right as she checked her bank account online earlier this month.
"I saw that huge mistake was made," Clark said. "Instead of $24.72 going to Centerpoint, $2,472 went to Centerpoint."
Something ran amuck, Clark said. She knew she didn't run up a bill that high. Clark told KPRC2 the bill was paid at the beginning of the month. She knew the error was not her fault and thought she would give Centerpoint a phone call.
"I called Centerpoint. They were like, 'There's nothing we can do. Soon as it hits, we'll start the process.' I sent a fax to them, explaining what happened, showing them everything," Clark said.
In turn, Clark said she received no clarification, no answers, and no -- she didn't get her money back.
"Every time I would call, I would get somebody new, somebody different, something new told to me," Clark said. "Nobody could really help."
Nobody, until Clark called KPRC2 Friday. KPRC2 called Centerpoint, in return. Shortly after calling the company Friday, on Vivian Clark's behalf, Centerpoint contacted Clark with good news.
"They didn't tell me anybody contacted them," Clark said. "They said they were reviewing their records and saw an oversight, and they were going to overnight me my check."
Relief on the way, Clark said. She hopes to get her refund within the next couple of days. Going forward, Clark said she plans to change how she pays her monthly gas bill.
"I've never been late on a bill, but I'm not going to be paying them automatically through the bank anymore," Clark said. "They're going to get a check by snail mail from now on."
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Copyright 2017 by KPRC Click2Houston - All rights reserved.


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Colors could not be determined.
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Electronics, namely, peripherals for console video games
Business in Las Vegas, NV


text: Louis Our in vogue Louis range is inspired by modern Italian designer homes. This range is sure to make a statement with impressive pieces which suit all kinds of modern-day lifestyles. The Solid Oak is finger-jointed with a smooth oiled finish. Our Louis Dining Table comes complete with extensions making it a practical choice. This table extends from 180x90x75cm to an impressive 270x90x75cm! (Made from Brushed Metal and 100% Solid Oak) Features : Modern extending dining table made from Solid oak & Brushed metal Solid oak top & 4 brushed stainless steel legs Comfortably seats six diners without extensions (Two extension leaves included) Each leaf is 45cm-wide, adding 90cm to table length (comfortably seats eight diners) Naturally forested oak used throughout the table In an Oiled oak finish for long lasting and chic table 8 Bycast leather upholstered chair with solid oak legs High Class Scrollback design chair Fully assembled chairs (protective feet are included) Table made in a fingerjointed design for style & durability Chairs Available in Cream, Brown, & Black Excellent solution for your dining room requirements Oak furniture at an affordable price Dimensions: Table: L180cm 270cm x D90cm x H75cm Chair: W46cm x D47cm x H109cm SPECIAL ORDER: Delivery Time 10-15 working days


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Bill Sempf
1 bag frozen Trader Joe's artichokes 1 6 oz tube of Cheve 1/2 cup of shredded cheddar cheese 1/2 cup of shredded Parmeasan cheese 2 oz Cream Cheese 1/2 tsp salt 1/2 tsp garlic powder 1/2 tsb red pepper flakes dash of Worchester sauce optional can of Trader Joe's Crab
Boil the artichokes in enough water to cover until soft. Evacuate onto a cutting board and chop up. Warm the cheve and cream cheese in the microwave until soft. Mix together all ingredients and put in a shallow dish. Warm in microwave until the cheddar melts. Eat with yummy birdseed crackers.
Just had another article posted to MSDN, on Productivity with Visual Basic 2005.
I have constant wars with other .NET programmers about C# versus VB. Not surewhat to make of it - really it is just a personal choice. There is no difference in the final product. I'll just say this. I have 4 active projects in C# and 7 in VB. When I work in VB, I never get compiler errors. When I work in C#, I usually have to compile 5-10 times before I get around to finding the runtime problems. Sloppy coding? Maybe. But for me doesn't it make more sense to keep using the compiler that gives me fewer problems?
Now you have to know that I am just not a fan of the Heisman race. First, football is a team game, and picking "the best player in college football" is much more a reflection of the team than the player. Every year, there is the best player, and then the one who wins. Why? Because you have to have a good team around you to win games, and if you don't win games you aren't on the ballot. Second, I am really tired of people talking the award in the preseason. It's like preseason polls - how the heck do you expect to know who will win before anyone plays games? Like they say, the games aren't played on paper, they are played on grass. Nonetheless, I can't believe that they sold the Heisman to Nissan. When the Rose Bowl went, I thought "Well, there goes the farm. Now everything is for sale." I never ever ever thought that the Heisman was up to the highest bidder. It's college football. These guys are amateurs. They are playing for fun. Some of them get hurt and mess up their lives - all for fun. Why, I ask, does everyone have to make money on them, except them? Does that seem fair? Anyway, rant over. I am a fan of the free enterprise system. But. Come on.
Interesting little bug that I ran into today. If you reference a Windows Forms project from another Windows Forms project using the Project Reference dialog, you will get this weird error:
Could not find file 'Microsoft.Windows.CommonLanguageRuntime, Version=2.0.50727.0'
There is actually a KB on it, but it doesn't show up in Google, or of course in MSDN search:
Learn something new every day. Service Pack 1, anyone?
Need a file from a secure network share? Trying to actually understand the NetworkCredentials classes? Good freakin luck! I went through the snippets, searched google, and read the MSDN library cover to virtual cover before I just dialed in. My. Computer. Network. DownloadFile? Does it have an overload with username and password? Well I'll be a son of a ... Final code:
My.Computer.Network.DownloadFile("\\192.168.1.3\share\point\test.xls", "c:\text.xls", "user", "password")
Works like a charm.
Husband. Father. Pentester. Secure software composer. Brewer. Lockpicker. Ninja. Insurrectionist. Lumberjack. All words that have been used to describe me recently. I help people write more secure software.
Tweets by @sempf


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Former Machakos senator Johnstone Muthama was undeniably one of the most vocal senators in the last regime.
However, when he chose to pull out of the race alot of people were shocked.
It was a move that the Wiper party didn't see it coming.
His move increased the number of aspirants who wanted to claim his seat increase from one to five.
In one way or the other he contributed to the loss of senatorial seat by the Wiper candidate Jackson Kalla.
After the August 8 elections Chama Cha Uzalendo aspirant Boniface Kabaka clinched the seat trouncing his competitors.
On September2017 when Machakos governor was taking oath of office Kabaka claimed that he will work with the governor contrary to his predecessor who was at loggerheads with the county boss.
Since then the newly elected senator was rarely heard reason as to why some residents think he has gone to bed with the governor.
Machakos residents waited for him to condemn or oversight the county leadership in vain.
Last week over four thousand victims were evicted from the controversial East African Portland cement company in Athi river only Mavoko legislator Patrick Makau came forward to condemn the evictions.
All other Machakos leaders kept quiet about the issue not even the governor or senator spoke about it.


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We offer over 30 classes throughout the week, in studios, water and outdoors.
Members and non-members are welcome to participate in Group Fitness classes. Adrenaline classes are available for Active Melbourne members only.
- Please arrive on time, no late entry will be permitted into classes
- Be prepared with your workout gear, towel and water bottle
- Be respectful and supportive of your fellow participants and our talented instructors
- Be upfront with your instructor about any physical limitations or injuries you may have, especially if you're pregnant
- Let the instructor know if it's your first time in a fitness class
- The minimum age to attend group fitness is 12 years
- The minimum age to attend Adrenaline HIT, Boxing and Pump is 18 years
- If you need to leave early, do so in a way that won't impact others or the flow of the class
- Put equipment away after the class
How to Join a Class
Even if you're not a member, you are still welcome to join our classes.
- Collect a ticket from customer service
- Ticket collection opens 90 minutes before the class start time and closes 5 minutes before the class start time
- One ticket per person, per class, until all tickets are allocated
- Hold onto your ticket until the instructor collects it
Casual Prices
Group Fitness Class - Adult $19.90 Group Fitness Class - Student $17.40 Group Fitness Class - Concession $15.10