text:
My friend Ann shared with me the Mean Mom Poem. I searched for the author in order to give credit where credit is due. Maybe whoever wrote is it was just one of us. Doing her best. Loving her kids by making them pitch in and work – because she is committed to her kids and she knows more than anyone else how capable they are.
Thanks Ann for sharing … and thanks for walking the road with me.
To all you Mean Mom's.
Someday when my children are old enough to
understand the logic that motivates a parent, I will
tell them, as my Mean Mom told me: I loved you
enough to ask where you were going, with whom,
and what time you would be home.
I loved you enough to be silent and let you
discover that your new best friend was a creep.
I loved you enough to make you go pay for the
bubble gum you had taken and tell the clerk, "I
stole this yesterday and want to pay for it."
I loved you enough to stand over you for two hours
while you cleaned your room, a job that should have
taken 15 minutes.
I loved you enough to let you see anger,
disappointment, and tears in my eyes. Children must
learn that their parents aren't perfect.
I loved you enough to let you assume the
responsibility for your actions even when the
penalties were so harsh they almost broke my heart.
But most of all, I loved you enough . . . to say
NO when I knew you would hate me for it.
Those were the most difficult battles of all. I'm
glad I won them, because in the end you won, too.
And someday when your children are old enough to
understand the logic that motivates parents, you
will tell them.
Was your Mom mean? I know mine was. We had the
meanest mother in the whole world! While other kids
ate candy for breakfast, we had to have cereal,
eggs, and toast. When others had a Pepsi and a
Twinkie for lunch, we had to eat sandwiches. And you
can guess our mother fixed us a dinner that was
different from what other kids had, too.
Mother insisted on knowing where we were at all
times. You'd think we were convicts in a prison. She
had to know who our friends were, and what we were
doing with them. She insisted that if we said we
would be gone for an hour, we would be gone for an
hour or less.
We were ashamed to admit it, but she had the nerve
to break the Child Labor Laws by making us work. We
had to wash the dishes, make the beds, learn to
cook, vacuum the floor, do laundry, empty the trash
and all sorts of cruel jobs. I think she would lie
awake at night thinking of more things for us to do.
She always insisted on us telling the truth, the
whole truth, and nothing but the truth. By the time
we were teenagers, she could read our minds and had
eyes in the back of her head. Then, life was really
Mother wouldn't let our friends just honk the horn
when they drove up. They had to come up to the door
so she could meet them. While everyone else could
date when they were 12 or 13, we had to wait until
we were 16.
Because of our mother we missed out on lots of
things other kids experienced. None of us have ever
been caught shoplifting, vandalizing other's
property or ever arrested for any crime. It was all
her fault.
Now that we have left home, we are all educated,
honest adults. We are doing our best to be mean
parents just like Mom was.
I think that is what's wrong with the world today.
It just doesn't have enough mean moms!
(Here's what Erma Bombeck wrote:


text:
June 11, 2013: Fly, Duellists, Fly!
You've made a name for yourself on the mean streets of the Car Wars universe. There's only one place to go: straight up! With Aeroduel, you'll create all types of flying vessels: planes, airships, helicopters, and more! And, of course, this supplement includes the rules you need to let your constructs fly and fight. It even comes with a ready-to-print flight-focused map, with a hangar, control tower, and other features. Strap on your jet pack and move on up. With Aeroduel, the sky's the limit!
-- Steven Marsh
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Mt. Pisgah Mushroom Festival. Along the way I stopped near the funky coastal hamlet of Yachats to visit with a friend who I knew only from Facebook. David is an ace cook, mushroom forager, and photographer. His food photography graces the web site Earthy Delights. His wife Anna is of Russian descent, which makes her genetically predisposed to sleuthing out fungi.
Mushroom Talk listserv. As a nightcap, my hosts in Eugene, Bruce and Peg, plied me with their delicious (and powerful) homemade blackberry brandy.
The next day I bid adieu to Madame Muscaria and the rest of the characters that make Eugene and the Oregon Coast such a pleasure to visit, with plans to make it back down there again as soon as possible.


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text:
North Korea: The Korean Central News Agency announced an extension of the launch window for its long range rocket until 29 December, owing to technical issues.
South Korean sources reported that the North Korean technicians found problems with the first stage engines and that a replacement first stage is being shipped from Pyongyang to the northwest launch complex.
Comment: Readers have no choice but to take at face value the limited factual information that has been reported. A few points are worth considering. The North has never before admitted technical problems in public or exposed to outside satellite surveillance the replacement of a rocket stage. The US and other space capable nations do that.
A rocket launch will occur. The precise date is a function of the pace of technical repairs and political decisions not knowable.
Egypt: For the record. Pro- and Anti-government groups are expected to demonstrate in Cairo on 11 December. The Army is expected to keep the peace, which is risible. Expect clashes.
Special Comment: Today the Office of the Director of National Intelligence posted and published a new document entitled Global Trends 2030. Attempts to download and read the document proved futile much of the day. However, many news commentators were more successful. Already that document has been cited as important for dozens of reasons.
The document is an examination of various futures 18 years in the future, 2030 having been selected for no apparent reason. There is an odd trait of intelligence analysts that makes them unable to predict great and imminent harm to US interests in the next month or two, but makes them confident about forecasts for the next 20 years.
NightWatch looked backwards to 1994, searching for those analysts who predicted what happened between 1994 and 2012. It is a cautionary tale, still under study, searching for Black Swans. More on this later, but caution is advisable.
End of NightWatch ###
NightWatch is brought to readers of Townhall Finance by Kforce Government Solutions, Inc. (KGS), a leader in government problem-solving, Data Confidence® and intelligence. Views and opinions expressed in NightWatch are solely those of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of KGS, its management, or affiliates.
A Member of AFCEA International


text:
Gateway Students Can Transfer to Sullivan College for Bachelors Degree in Advanced ManufacturingGateway Community & Technical College and Sullivan College of Technology and Design in Louisville have created a transfer pathway that will allow Gateway associate degree graduates to obtain a bachelors degree in advanced manufacturing technology from Sullivan.
We are pleased to offer yet another transfer pathway to our students, said Dr. Laura Urban, Gateway provost and vice president of academic affairs. The agreement means that students who meet the required criteria will advance seamlessly into the bachelors degree program at Sullivan.
The new pathway joins more than 250 other transfer pathways that Gateway has established with 20 colleges and universities throughout the region, Dr. Urban added. For example, we have specific transfer pathways with Northern Kentucky University, Thomas More College, Xavier, University of Cincinnati, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, Eastern Kentucky University, and Kentucky State University, to name a few.
Under the transfer agreement, Gateway associate degree graduates in certain manufacturing programs can receive transfer credit for their entire associate degree when beginning a bachelors degree program at Sullivan. For full credit, graduates must have a 2.0 GPA and a minimum completion rate of 67 percent of credit hours attempted.
Three Gateway programs qualify for the transfer pathway; they are manufacturing engineering technology, industrial maintenance technology and electrical technology.
Under a transfer agreement between the Kentucky Community and Technical College System and Sullivan, Gateway students who transfer to Sullivan will be awarded a $1,500 scholarship. The scholarship is renewable annually until the student completes his or her bachelors degree in advanced manufacturing technology. Sullivan will award up to 10 such scholarships a year.
Formerly known as the Louisville Technical Institute, Sullivan College of Technology and Design is a private, career-focused college accredited by the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools and licensed to offer associate and bachelor's degrees by the Kentucky Council on Postsecondary Education.


text:
The great thing about fictional characters in film is they're not afraid to take risks. When your life span is just 90 minutes, painting a whole room magenta seems a lot less scary than living with it for a lifetime.
So leave it to these film characters (and their behind-the-scenes Art and Set Directors) to try out bold, brazen colors in their rooms, while the rest of us use these movie stills to inspire our own color stories:
Amelie's Red Bedroom, Amelie (2001)
Reuben Tishkoff's Gold Bedroom, Ocean's Thirteen (2007)
Fanny Brice's Magenta Bedroom, Funny Girl (1968)
Carrie Bradshaw's Blue Bedroom, Sex and the City (2008)
The Tenenbaums' Pink Ballroom, The Royal Tenenbaums (2001)
Myrtle Wilson's Maroon Sitting Room, The Great Gatsby (2013)
The Red Hotel Bathroom, The Shining (1980)
Room 237's Green Bathroom, The Shining (1980)
Plus, here are a few more ways to pull color palette inspiration from a favorite films:
Over at the Benjamin Moore Color Chats blog, the post Color Magic at the Movies pairs up colorful films with paint colors for foolproof Hollywood inspiration (example above).
Apartment Therapy has previously spotlighted the Movies in Color Tumblr, which takes a still shot from a great film and builds a color palette around it. Print out a favorite post and take it straight to the paint shop.
(Images: IMDB; Benjamin Moore Color Chats)


text:
The space rock that carved Meteor Crater in Arizona hit the planet much more slowly than astronomers once figured, but still 10 times faster than a rifle bullet.
The new analysis, announced today, explains why there's a lot less melted rock in the crater than expected. The mystery has dogged researchers for years.
The big hole in the ground -- 570 feet deep and 4,100 feet (1.25 kilometers) across -- was blown into existence 50,000 years ago by an asteroid roughly 130 feet (40 meters) wide.
Previous calculations had the rock slamming into the ground at no less than 34,000 mph (15 km/sec), based in part on the expected speeds of large meteors in relation to Earth. Such an impact ought to have generated more melted rock in and around the crater than what's been found.
A new computer model, reported in the March 10 issue of the journal Nature, shows the incoming object would have slowed considerably during its plunge through the atmosphere, part of it breaking into a pancake-shaped cloud of iron fragments prior to impact.
About half the original 300,000-ton bulk remained intact, smacking the planet at about 26,800 mph (12 km/sec), said the study's lead researcher, Jay Melosh of the University of Arizona.
Meteor Crater, a popular tourist destination, was the first scar on Earth confirmed to have been gouged by a rocky visitor from beyond.
"It's probably the most studied impact crater on Earth," Melosh said. "We were astonished to discover something entirely unexpected about how it formed."
The modeling is based in part on investigations decades ago by Daniel Barringer, whose name is officially associated with the crater. Barringer and others found chunks of the iron space rock weighing from a pound up to 1,000 pounds in a 6-mile-diameter circle around the crater. The new work also draws from an improved understanding of how Earth's atmosphere cushions extraterrestrial blows.
In 1908, a good-sized asteroid -- more stony in nature -- exploded above the surface of Siberia, flatting hundreds of miles of forest but leaving almost no extraterrestrial trace. During the satellite era, scientists have monitored car-sized space rocks routinely exploding in the air.
"Earth's atmosphere is an effective but selective screen that prevents smaller meteoroids from hitting Earth's surface," Melosh explained.
The effect of screaming through the air, even for an iron-heavy meteorite like the one that struck Arizona, is a lot like hitting a wall, Melosh said. And many space rocks are already cracked before they arrive, scientists believe.
"Even though iron is very strong, the meteorite had probably been cracked from collisions in space," Melosh said. "The weakened pieces began to come apart and shower down from about 8.5 miles (14 kilometers) high. And as they came apart, atmospheric drag slowed them down, increasing the forces that crushed them so that they crumbled and slowed more."
The results evolved out of a project in which Melosh and colleagues developed a "Catastrophe Calculator" that predicts the effects of asteroids of varying size and composition striking any given location on the planet.


text:
FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla. – Did climate change play a role in the accelerated beach erosion along A1A in Fort Lauderdale?
The moon casted a brilliant, yet ominous glow on the waters off a 4-block stretch of A1A from NE 20th street to Sunrise, the eastern edge of which collapsed into the ocean on Friday.
Locals have been documenting the steady erosion of the shoreline since Super Storm Sandy swiped the area with strong wind gusts and large swells. The final punch came on Friday with high tides paired with a strong surf.
Portions of the sea wall, sidewalks and palm trees collapsed into the Atlantic.
A public shower stall used by beach-goers coming in from the beach sits at a slant in the ocean. The foundation of a street light at NE 16th court surrounded by white surf. The water lapping exposed wires.
Now the ocean's waves are dangerously close to what's left. Water and sand have compromised the northbound lanes of A1A, eroding the remaining fragments of parking spots.
After declaring an emergency, the Florida Department of Transportation built a wall of concrete traffic barriers. With a full moon expected on Wednesday they are considering adding more to the roadway as a possible breakwater if needed. On Tuesday morning they will re-paint the road and add barriers to ensure cars, cyclists and pedestrians don't travel the area that is now deemed unsafe. It remains unclear when the northbound lanes will re-open to traffic but it is known that that could take months. Police are now using the southbound lanes as two one-way paths so drivers can travel the stretch in both directions.
The words on most people's lips out here: climate change.
Craig Mayor lives nearby and told Local 10, "it's serious when you look at what's happening right now whether its global warming we have no clue what's this is all from."
We took that concern to Broward County's Natural Resources Administrator Eric Myers. Myers also works with the county's Beach Management Program.
"Fort lauderdale has been remarkable stable for decades," Myers told Local 10's Christina Vazquez, "particularly in that area where A1A comes so close to the beach, it's been fairly consistent. It gets narrower in the winter when you get the winter storms and then in the summer in the milder weather the beach gets a little bit wider. This year for some reason that pattern got out of kilter with two or three storms and this last sort of unnamed event which brought probably as big of waves as Hurricane Sandy did."
That "unnamed event" was the combination of high tides and large swells which led to Friday's sudden collapse of a portion of AIA following weeks of beach erosion after Super Storm Sandy.
"I think that as an individual event it's hard to say that these storm conditions are attributable to climate change. Nobody is going to go out and say that that event would not have happened absent client change."
Myers went on to explain how climate change isn't "the" cause for something this dramatic but rather a contributing factor.
"Things like sea level rises that have been documented to be occurring here in South Florida certainly will lead to more beach erosion. As the base elevation of the sea increases that will allow waves to run farther up the beach and cause more erosion so as sea levels increase that is something that will increase beach erosion."
Myers told Local 10 the water around South Florida have increased by up to 10 inches in the past 80-90 years.
What happened in Fort Lauderdale may be the community's wake-up call to what area scientists have been documenting for quiet some time. Take for example the on-going problem of saltwater intrusion of South Florida's underwater drinking supply; or the increased frequency of street flooding in Miami Beach during high tides.
In the words of University of Miami's Dr. Harold Wanless, "South Florida is drowning."
"That's what the climate scientists tell us," explained Myers, "I think that its being manifested everywhere. I think you are going to see that higher sea levels contribute to all sorts of problems and mischief that we are going to have to deal with. I don't think there are absolute answers, I think the answer to beach erosion to some degree is getting more sand on the beach but that comes at a great cost. You have to find both money and sand to do that."
Fort Lauderdale's Mayor Jack Seiler is ready to have that conversation about how to deal with the inevitable impact a rise is seal levels will have on the coastline.
"The climate experts need to be brought in to this discussion," he told Local 10's Bob Norman, "we hope it doesn't cost our tourism industry."


text:
Mark Weston has spent the past 36 years working to enhance education for all students. During that time, Mark served in key positions at Dell Inc., Apple Computer, Education Commission of the States, United States Department of Education, United States House of Representatives, National Conference of State Legislatures, and several school districts in Iowa. Mark advises leaders about education, ICT, and public policy strategies. He has consulted with 13 countries, 42 state legislatures, the United States Congress, dozens of companies, and hundreds of school districts.
Mark contributed to groundbreaking education technology initiatives in Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Virginia. Of special note is Mark's leadership in the partnership between Governor Angus King, the State of Maine, and Apple through which every seventh and eighth-grade student in Maine is receiving a laptop computer, an initiative subsequently replicated by jurisdictions throughout the United States.
Mark earned a B.S. from Cornell College, M.S. from Drake University, and Ph.D. from the University of Colorado Denver. At UCD, he holds an appointment as an adjoint assistant professor in the Graduate School of Education and Human Development. He has served as an adjunct professor at Long Island University.
Mark's work has been published in a wide range of outlets including Converge, Education Week, Journal of Educational Administration, Independent School, Journal of Ethnographic and Qualitative Research in Education, Journal of Technology Learning and Assessment, Phi Delta Kappan, Los Angeles Times, SecEd, State Legislature, and Washington Times. Mark is a co-author with Alan Bain of The Learning Edge: How Technology Can Help Educate All Children.
Note: The opinions Mark expresses in EdTech Digest are his, not his employers.
Write to: firstname.lastname@example.com Twitter: @shiftparadigm
* * *
How Education Fails Technology (And What to Do About It)
SHIFT PARADIGM | by Mark E. Weston Education has failed technology. Yes, you read that correctly. Education has failed technology. To understand why this is, not vice versa, requires understanding what the research literature makes clear: It is possible to …Continue reading →
SHIFT PARADIGM | by Mark E. Weston The system of schooling to which I have dedicated my life seems incapable of educating all students to high levels of learning For the past fifty-five years, I've spent most of my waking … Continue reading →
Mark Weston is an education strategist for Dell. He has more than 33 years experience in enhancing education for all student through the use of technology combined with effective educational practices. He has worked for Apple, Education Commission of the …Continue reading →


text:
The Tumblr post caught Paulette Thomas' attention around Thanksgiving.
"Have you ever come across a homeless individual and felt totally uncomfortable?" it began.
The post, which has been shared multiple times across the social network, struck a chord with Thomas, a junior majoring in Information Science at Fordham College at Rose Hill.
Inspired by its message of charity and good will, Thomas and five friends will fan out across the city on Dec. 23 to deliver "Blessing Bags" to homeless people they encounter on the street.
Each bag will contain toiletries, snacks, a change of socks, spare change, and other useful items.
"I always have this thing where I just want to give back," Thomas said.
"I knew that I had already missed Thanksgiving, so Christmas time was coming, and I thought, 'Maybe I should do something with my friends.' It would be better than just hanging out."
Thomas, members of her family, and Fordham volunteers will assemble the bags at the McGinley Center on Saturday, Dec. 21. On the following Monday they will split into teams that will visit areas around shelters in the Bronx, Queens, and Manhattan at 7:30 p.m.—after the shelters have closed their doors for the night.
That way, Thomas said, the teams can reach homeless late-strayers (who are left out) before they retreat to alternate encampments for the night. The plan is to distribute 100 bags at a total cost between $600-700. Supplies have been purchased with personal funds, along with $200 that Fordham's Department of Academic Records has donated to the project.
A native of Washington Heights, Thomas commutes by bus to the Rose Hill campus from Parkchester in the Bronx. In high school, she helped pack bags that were distributed in a "Midnight Run," but this is her first time organizing the Blessing Bag project. Living in the Bronx is enough to spur you into action, she said.
"I see everything that goes on here firsthand," she said. "You know, it just hurts that we live here, and we don't do enough about it, and we have resources enough to do so. So why not, what's it really going to cost us?" she said.
"At the and of the day, we have constant jobs and we have things that that we'll be able to replace later on, because we have stability in our lives compared to others who have nothing."
Anyone wishing to help can contact Thomas at pthomas17
—Patrick Verel


text:
SRD:Night Hag
From D&D Wiki
|This material is published under the OGL 1.0a.
|Medium Outsider (Evil, Extraplanar)
|Hit Dice:
|8d8+32 (68 hp)
|20 ft. (4 squares)
|Armor Class:
|22 (+1 Dex, +11 natural), touch 11, flat-footed 21
|Base Attack/Grapple:
|Bite +12 melee (2d6+6 plus disease)
|Full Attack:
|Bite +12 melee (2d6+6 plus disease)
|5 ft./5 ft.
|Special Attacks:
|Spell-like abilities, dream haunting
|Special Qualities:
|Damage reduction 10/cold iron and magic, immunity to fire, cold, charm, sleep, and fear, spell resistance 25
|Fort +12*, Ref +9*, Will +10*
|Str 19, Dex 12, Con 18, Int 11, Wis 15, Cha 12
|Bluff +12, Concentration +15, Diplomacy +5, Disguise +1 (+3 acting), Intimidate +14, Listen +15, Ride +12, Sense Motive +13, Spellcraft +11, Spot +15
|Alertness, Combat Casting, Mounted Combat
|A evil-aligned plane
|Solitary, mounted (1, on nightmare), or covey (3, on nightmares)
|Challenge Rating:
|Always neutral evil
|9–16 HD (Medium)
|Level Adjustment:
A night hag is about the same height and weight as a female human.
Night hags speak Abyssal, Celestial, Common, and Infernal.
Night hags attack good creatures on sight if the odds of success seem favorable.
These creatures rip through armor and flesh with their deadly teeth. They love to use sleep and then strangle those who are overcome by it.
A night hag's natural weapons, as well as any weapons it wields, are treated as evil-aligned for the purpose of overcoming damage reduction. Its natural weapons are treated as magic weapons for the purpose of overcoming damage reduction.
Disease (Ex): Demon fever—bite, Fortitude DC 18, incubation period 1 day, damage 1d6 Con. Each day after the first, on a failed save, an afflicted creature must immediately succeed on another DC 18 Fortitude save or take 1 point of Constitution drain. The save DC is Constitution based.
Spell-Like Abilities: At will—detect chaos, detect evil, detect good, detect law, detect magic, magic missile,
polymorph (self only), ray of enfeeblement (DC 12), sleep (DC 12). Caster level 8th. A night hag can use etherealness at will (caster level 16th) so long as it possesses its heartstone (see below). The save DCs are Charisma-based.
Dream Haunting (Su): Night hags can visit the dreams of chaotic or evil individuals by using a special periapt known as a heartstone to become ethereal, then hovering over the creature. Once a hag invades someone's dreams, it rides on the victim's back until dawn. The sleeper suffers from tormenting dreams and takes 1 point of Constitution drain upon awakening. Only another ethereal being can stop these nocturnal intrusions, by confronting and defeating the night hag.
Change Shape (Su): A night hag can assume the form of any Small or Medium humanoid.
All night hags carry a periapt known as a heartstone, which instantly cures any disease contracted by the holder. In addition, a heartstone provides a +2 resistance bonus on all saving throws (this bonus is included in the statistics block). A night hag that loses this charm can no longer use etherealness until it can manufacture another (which takes one month). Creatures other than the hag can benefit from the heartstone's powers, but the periapt shatters after ten uses (any disease cured or saving throw affected counts as a use) and it does not bestow etherealness to a bearer that is not a night hag. If sold, an intact heartstone brings 1,800 gp.
SEE WIKIPEDIA ENTRY: Hag
Back to Main Page → 3.5e Open Game Content → System Reference Document → Creatures


text:
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An auxiliary cable. Connect one end of this auxiliary adapter cable with your car aux input, portable speakers or any other device with a line-in or audio-in 3.5 mm auxiliary jack (the size of a standard headphone plug). Connect the other end to your a Sirius Radio, XM Radio, iPod, iPhone, Android phone, MP3 Player or any other audio device with a standard 3.5mm headphone jack, line out jack or audio out jack.
Great sound, no static and easy to change audio devices on the fly.
Choose angle of connectors and cable length above.


text:
A regular expression (or RE) specifies a set of strings that matches it; the functions in this module let you check if a particular string matches a given regular expression (or if a given regular expression matches a particular string, which comes down to the same thing).
Regular expressions can be concatenated to form new regular expressions; if A and B are both regular expressions, then AB is also a regular expression. In general, if a string p matches A and another string q matches B, the string pq will match AB. This holds unless A or B contain low precedence operations; boundary conditions between A and B; or have numbered group references. Thus, complex expressions can easily be constructed from simpler primitive expressions like the ones described here. For details of the theory and implementation of regular expressions, consult the Friedl book referenced above, or almost any textbook about compiler construction.
A brief explanation of the format of regular expressions follows. For further information and a gentler presentation, consult the Regular Expression HOWTO, accessible from http://www.python.org/doc/howto/.
Regular expressions can contain both special and ordinary characters.
Most ordinary characters, like "A", "a", or
"0", are the simplest regular expressions; they simply match
themselves. You can concatenate ordinary characters, so last
matches the string
'last'. (In the rest of this section, we'll
write RE's in this special style, usually without quotes, and
strings to be matched
'in single quotes'.)
Some characters, like "|" or "(", are special. Special characters either stand for classes of ordinary characters, or affect how the regular expressions around them are interpreted.
The special characters are:
'
title
', it will match the entire string, and not just
'
'. Adding "?" after the qualifier makes it
perform the match in non-greedy or minimal fashion; as
few characters as possible will be matched. Using .*?
in the previous expression will match only
aaaab or a thousand
"a" characters followed by a
b, but not
The comma may not be omitted or the modifier would be confused with
the previously described form.
'aaaaaa', a{3,5} will match 5
"a" characters, while a{3,5}? will only match 3
If you're not using a raw string to express the pattern, remember that Python also uses the backslash as an escape sequence in string literals; if the escape sequence isn't recognized by Python's parser, the backslash and subsequent character are included in the resulting string. However, if Python would recognize the resulting sequence, the backslash should be repeated twice. This is complicated and hard to understand, so it's highly recommended that you use raw strings for all but the simplest expressions.
[a-zA-Z0-9] matches any
letter or digit. Character classes such as
\w or
(defined below) are also acceptable inside a range. If you want to
include a "]" or a "-" inside a set, precede it with a
backslash, or place it as the first character. The
pattern []] will match
']', for example.
You can match the characters not within a range by complementing
the set. This is indicated by including a
"^" as the first character of the set;
"^" elsewhere will simply match the
"^" character. For example,
[^5] will match
any character except "5", and
^] will match any character
except "^".
A|B, where A and B can be arbitrary REs,
creates a regular expression that will match either A or B. An
arbitrary number of REs can be separated by the "|" in this
way. This can be used inside groups (see below) as well. As the target
string is scanned, REs separated by "|" are tried from left to
right. When one pattern completely matches, that branch is accepted.
This means that once
A matches,
B will not be tested further,
even if it would produce a longer overall match. In other words, the
"|" operator is never greedy. To match a literal "|",
use \|, or enclose it inside a character class, as in [|].
Note that the (?x) flag changes how the expression is parsed. It should be used first in the expression string, or after one or more whitespace characters. If there are non-whitespace characters before the flag, the results are undefined.
For example, if the pattern is
(?P<id>[a-zA-Z_]\w*), the group can be referenced by its
name in arguments to methods of match objects, such as
m.group('id') or
m.end('id'), and also by name in
pattern text (for example, (?P=id)) and replacement text
(such as
'Isaac ' only if it's
followed by
'Isaac ' only if it's not
followed by
>>> import re >>> m = re.search('(?<=abc)def', 'abcdef') >>> m.group(0) 'def'
This example looks for a word following a hyphen:
>>> m = re.search('(?<=-)\w+', 'spam-egg') >>> m.group(0) 'egg'
'<email@example.com>' as well as
'email@example.com', but not with
New in version 2.4.
The special sequences consist of "\" and a character from the list below. If the ordinary character is not on the list, then the resulting RE will match the second character. For example, \$ matches the character "$".
'the the' or
'55 55', but not
'the end' (note
the space after the group). This special sequence can only be used to
match one of the first 99 groups. If the first digit of number
is 0, or number is 3 octal digits long, it will not be interpreted
as a group match, but as the character with octal value number.
Inside the "[" and "]" of a character class, all numeric
escapes are treated as characters.
\b is defined as the boundary between
\w and
W, so the precise set of characters deemed to be alphanumeric depends on the
values of the
UNICODE and
LOCALE flags. Inside a character
range, \b represents the backspace character, for compatibility
with Python's string literals.
b, so is also subject to the settings of
LOCALE and
Most of the standard escapes supported by Python string literals are also accepted by the regular expression parser:
\a \b \f \n \r \t \v \x \\
Octal escapes are included in a limited form: If the first digit is a 0, or if there are three octal digits, it is considered an octal escape. Otherwise, it is a group reference. As for string literals, octal escapes are always at most three digits in length.
See About this document... for information on suggesting changes.


text:
Education committee gives a nod to cursive bill
A measure directing the State Board of Education to require cursive handwriting in Idaho schools is headed for a full House vote after unanimously passing the chamber's Education Committee.
Bill sponsor Rep. Linden Bateman made an impassioned case for his resolution on Wednesday, citing tradition — and numerous handwritten letters supporting the legislation.
Boise State University communications professor Peter Wollheim said research shows cursive handwriting improves students' motor and composition skills.
Committee chairman Reed DeMordaunt said his son with a learning disability uses cursive to write.
But not everyone gave the bill thumbs up.
Former Democratic House candidate Steve Berch from Boise said schools should focus on adding art and music classes before cursive instruction.
Department of Education spokeswoman Melissa McGrath said education officials would tentatively get behind the measure.


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Martin Heidegger
German philosopher (1889–1976)
Martin Heidegger (26 September 1889 – 26 May 1976)[1] was a German philosopher.
Martin Heidegger
|September 26, 1889
Meßkirch, Germany
|May 26, 1976 (aged 86)
Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
|20th-century philosophy
|Western Philosophy
|Phenomenology · Hermeneutics · Existentialism · Deconstruction
Main interests
|Ontology · Metaphysics · Art · Greek philosophy · Technology · Language · Poetry · Thinking
Notable ideas
|Dasein · Gestell · Heideggerian terminology
His best known book, Being and Time, is considered one of the most important philosophical works of the 20th century.[2][3] It is a very difficult book, even for the German reader.
Works Edit
In it, and later works, Heidegger maintained that our way of questioning defines our nature. But philosophy, western civilization's chief way of questioning, has lost its way. Finding ourselves "always already" fallen in a world of presuppositions, we lose touch with what being was before its truth became "muddled".[4] As a solution to this condition, Heidegger advocated a return to practical life in the world, allowing it to reveal, or "unconceal" itself.
References Edit
- ↑ pronounced [ˈmaɐ̯tiːn ˈhaɪ̯dɛgɐ]
- ↑ Heidegger, Martin 2008. Being and time. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-157559-3
- ↑ Lackey, Douglas. 1999. What are the modern classics? The Baruch poll of great philosophy in the twentieth century. Philosophical Forum. 30 (4): 329-46
- ↑ Heidegger, Martin. 2001. Poetry, language, thought. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-093728-9


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Heroic Humanitarianism: IAS 35th Anniversary Celebrates the Profound Progress of a Global Movement
Infinite Possibility: The Freewinds 31st Maiden Voyage Anniversary Celebrates Exceptional Year of Global Advancement
Astonishing Accomplishments: Humanitarian Success Celebrated for Magnificent IAS Weekend
The Freewinds 30th Anniversary Maiden Voyage Celebration Jubilantly Honors 365 Days of Monumental Scientology Achievement
Thousands Converge to Mark Scientology Founder's Birthday and a "Flip of the Switch" for Unrelenting Dissemination
IAS Gala Weekend Fêtes Year of Humanitarian Help and Advance
Grand Weekend of Celebration Highlights Monumental Year of IAS Accomplishment
Scientology Welcomes 2016 Following Year of Unprecedented Expansion and Advance
27th Weeklong Maiden Voyage Convocation on Freewinds Celebrates Year of Epic Scientology Church Expansion
More than 200 of the most advanced Scientologists on the planet gather in the idyllic Caribbean Islands and board a flawless motor vessel that will be their passport to celebration and spiritual enlightenment during a week of grand festivities.
L. Ron Hubbard Birthday Celebration Shines Indelible Spotlight on Scientology Founder's Enduring Legacy
In testament to Mr. Hubbard's triumphant and eternal technological splendour, the anniversary of his birth (March 13) was marked with a raucous observance attended by a capacity crowd and presided over by Mr. David Miscavige, Chairman of the Board, Religious Technology Center and the religion's ecclesiastical leader.
30 Years of the IAS: A Legacy of Global Betterment
It all began in 1984, a time when Scientology could be found in just 39 nations on the planet. Thirty years later, members of the International Association of Scientologists (IAS) hail from 130 countries across North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia, fortifying the Church's stature as the only world religion to emerge in the 20th century that's also thriving well into the 21st.
An LRH Birthday Celebration Befitting Our Golden Age
"If ever was a moment that captures the spirit of what just transpired through the last calendar year, this is it: An LRH Birthday Celebration wherein we present what he most wished for—that perennial gift of expansion. And never was it more appropriate than now, tonight, and in the wake of a year when that word 'expansion' is literally synonymous with 'eternity.'"


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TBLISI, Georgia (CNN) -- Russian forces launched an airstrike against a military airfield near the Tbilisi International Airport early Sunday, despite international calls for Russia to stand down from the escalating conflict, Georgian officials told CNN.
The attack near the Georgian capital city came after a day of intense fighting in the former Soviet republic, with dozens of Russian warplanes bombing civilian and military targets in Georgia on Saturday.
As many as 2,000 people had been killed in the capital of separatist Georgian province South Ossetia, according to a Russian ambassador.
"The city of Tskhinvali no longer exists. There is nothing left. It was wiped out by the Georgian military," the Russian news agency Interfax said, quoting the Russian ambassador to Georgia, Vyacheslav Kovalenko.
Tskhinvali residents who survived the bombardment by hiding in basements and later fled the city estimated that hundreds of civilians had died. They said bodies were everywhere, according to The Associated Press.
CNN could not independently confirm any death tolls, which varied greatly depending on the source.
Alexander Lomaia, secretary of Georgia's National Security Council, said dozens of Georgian troops had lost their lives. Watch Georgian minister describe fighting in South Ossetia »
"Our losses are mounting ... as many as 40 military servicemen killed and over 100 wounded," he said. "The losses are also mounting among civilian population in the cities."
Lomaia said Georgian troops in Tskhinvali were engaged in fierce ground battles on Saturday with Russian troops, whom he said were engaged in a full-scale military operation.
The operation included tanks, armored vehicles, heavy artillery, soldiers and paratroopers, Lomaia said.
Military aircraft were crossing the Georgian border about every 15 minutes, he said, hitting civilian, economic and military targets. He said that at least 50 military jets were being used. Watch images of crashed Georgian war plane »
"Frankly, we have not expected the Russian invaders to hit our residential buildings, to hit our peaceful cities, to hit our peaceful citizens," he said.
He said he couldn't confirm whether Georgia's capital, Tbilisi, had been hit.
"From the legal point of view, our actions are absolutely justified and legitimate," Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin said in Vladikavkaz, the capital of the Russian region of North Ossetia. "Moreover, they are necessary."
He arrived in the region that borders South Ossetia on Saturday night.
Putin's press secretary told Interfax that the premier was concerned about the flood of refugees arriving in Russia from South Ossetia. Russian officials said that more than 30,000 refugees have left South Ossetia and crossed into Russia over the past two days, Interfax reported.
"The actions of the Georgian authorities in South Ossetia are a crime, of course, primarily a crime against their own people," Putin said.
"This aggression led to numerous casualties, among civilians in particular, and virtually caused a real humanitarian catastrophe. And that is already a crime against the Ossetian people," he said.
"At the same time I would like to stress that Georgia has always been greatly respected in Russia and Georgians regarded as brotherly people," the premier said.
Russians struck several major targets Saturday, including the Black Sea port of Poti, an airport, a major pipeline and a military base and train station in Senaki in western Georgia, Lomaia said. Georgian officials said that a center housing civilians had also been hit. Eight Georgians died in the port town, Georgian officials said.
The Kodori Gorge in upper Abkhazia -- a second breakaway province in Georgia -- was also bombarded by at least 12 Russian jets, Lomaia said.
Georgia's public television station reported a second round of bombings in Abkhazia at just before 11:30 p.m.
Military bases at Vaziani and Marneuli also came under attack, the British Foreign Office said, and Russian aircraft bombed the Georgian town of Gori, about 35 miles northwest of Tbilisi, Georgian officials said.
An Associated Press reporter who visited Gori shortly after the Russian airstrikes Saturday saw several apartment buildings in ruins, some still on fire, and scores of dead bodies and bloodied civilians. The elderly, women and children were among the victims.
A Russian naval fleet was anchored in the Black Sea port of Ochamchire in Abkhazia province, Lomaia added.
"We have managed to down 10 Russian jets, and one of the pilots has been captured alive and is being treated in a military hospital," Lomaia said. "We have also destroyed up to 30 Russian tanks and heavy military [vehicles]."
The situation in South Ossetia escalated rapidly from Thursday night, when Georgia said it had launched an operation into the region after its unilateral cease-fire was met with artillery fire from separatists that killed 10 people, including peacekeepers and civilians. It accused Russia of backing the separatists.
Russian tanks began rolling into Georgia on Thursday night.
On Saturday, the Georgian parliament approved President Mikhail Saakashvili's request to impose a "state of war" for 15 days, officials said.
The order is not a formal declaration of war and stops short of declaring martial law, according to Georgian officials.
It gives Saakashvili powers he would not ordinarily have, such as issuing curfews, restricting the movement of people or limiting commercial activities, those officials said.
Saakashvili asked Western leaders to pressure Russia to agree to an immediate cease-fire.
"We are dealing with absolutely criminal and crazy acts of irresponsible and reckless decision makers, which is on the ground producing dramatic and tragic consequences," Saakashvili said Saturday afternoon.
U.S. President Bush, speaking from Beijing, China, called for an immediate halt to the violence, a stand-down by all troops and an end to the Russian bombings. He urged the sides to return to "the status quo of August the 6th." Watch Bush express concerns over situation »
"The attacks are occurring in regions of Georgia far from the zone of conflict in South Ossetia. They mark a dangerous escalation in the crisis," Bush said in a statement while attending the Olympic Games, according to The Associated Press.
Bush spoke Saturday evening to Saakashvili and Russian President Medvedev, a White House spokesman said.
The war, Saakashvili said, "is not about South Ossetia. It has never been in the first place. It is about destroying a small democratic nation aspiring to live in peace, freedom and liberty."
"This unprovoked, long-time-ago-planned invasion and aggression must stop," he said.
It was unclear which side controlled Tskhinvali on Saturday. The Georgians said fighting raged, but the Russians said they had "liberated" the city.
"Battalion task forces have fully liberated Tskhinvali of Georgian armed forces and started pushing Georgian units out of the area of responsibility of the peacekeeping forces," General Vladimir Boldyrev, commander of the Russian Ground Forces, told Interfax.
Colonel-General Anatoly Nogovitsyn, a spokesman for the Russian Defense Ministry, said that Georgians had shot down two Russian aircraft, contradicting Georgian claims.
Georgia, a pro-Western ally of the United States, is intent on asserting its authority over South Ossetia and Abkhazia. Both have strong Russian-backed separatist movements.
Inside South Ossetia, civilians have been without water, electricity and basic services for more than a day, said Maia Kardava, a Red Cross spokeswoman in Tbilisi. She said the Red Cross was unable to reach colleagues based in Tskhinvali because their phones had lost power and they were huddled in bomb shelters.
CNN's Elise Labott and journalist Elene Gotsadze contributed to this report.
Copyright 2008 CNN. All rights reserved.This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. Associated Press contributed to this report.
All About South Ossetia • Republic of Georgia • Russia • Vladimir Putin


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Online NP Programs PhD or Master's (DNP & MSN NP)
Online nurse practitioner programs are a flexible option to advance your nursing education. They're generally targeted toward current professional nurses, especially those with BSN-RN credentials. Online NP programs build on existing knowledge of bedside care. By doing so, they aim to foster the skills and knowledge a nurse practitioner might use every day.
Sponsored Results
Courses might focus on things like diagnosis, creating treatment plans, and prescribing medication. They may also discuss patient education to support long term health. That doesn't even touch on the variety of concentration options you might choose. And because you could find all this online, you could fit your education into your life, no matter what shift you work.
What to Expect in Online Nurse Practitioner Programs?
Online nurse practitioner programs may take a holistic perspective. They do that by focusing on a unique combination of patient care, diagnosis and treatment, and patient education topics. The specific courses you take in an online nurse practitioner program may vary. Some examples include topics like pharmacology—that is, the study of drugs and how they interact with people—psychology, anatomy, and pathology.
Programs may also focus on what it's like to work in a variety of care settings. Some programs may even offer concentrations focused on treating certain kinds of patients or medical issues. However each share a similar goal, to prepare students to take on advanced nursing practices and treat patients independently or in collaboration with physicians.
Many—but not all—programs ask that prospective students are registered nurses with experience in the field. Programs like that may rely on knowledge earned on the job or in nursing school as a basis for learning. Other programs may be available to help new nurses earn their RN status during their online NP program. Because of that additional step, those programs may take a little longer to complete. Make sure you're clear on which type of program it is when you're applying, to ensure it's a good fit.
What are Online Nurse Practitioner Programs Formats?
Online nurse practitioner programs aim to be flexible. That could be an important factor for nurses. The ability to access your courses from anywhere, on your own schedule, could help you earn a degree while being there for your patients every day. When selecting nurse practitioner online programs, be sure to find out if there are any offline components.
Does a nurse practitioner have a PhD?
To become a nurse practitioner, individuals must typically obtain a master's degree or a doctoral degree. A doctoral degree is a PhD. State laws may differ, though, and educational requirements vary based on the state's license requirements.
Your online program may keep that personal touch you'd find on campus. They could do that through features like discussion boards, social networking, and video streaming.
This could be things like lab sciences that you'd need to do at a satellite campus, or even field observations or clinical rotations. Because online programs may not be anchored to a local school, it's possible you may need to set some of these up yourself, with the support of your program. Schools vary so follow up with preferred programs for details.
Online Nurse Practitioner Programs: Degree Levels
|Online Nurse Practitioner Masters Programs
|In many places, you need masters education to work as a nurse practitioner.i As such, many online masters programs aim to help nurses move into that role for the first time. However, some may also be available to help people become RNs for the first time while pursuing their Nurse Practitioner degree.
|Online Nurse Practitioner Doctorate Programs
|This could include two types of degrees. The most common may be a Doctor of Nursing Practice or DNP degree, the other being a PhD. Nurse Practitioner DNPs are terminal. That means they're the highest level of academic degree you could earn in the field. Many programs require an MSN (or Master of Science in Nursing) or a related masters as a prerequisite. But some programs may allow students to earn both masters and doctorate straight through. Those are generally called "BSN to DNP" programs.
|Online Nurse Practitioner Certificate Programs
|Certificate programs could be offered at several levels. This includes masters, post-masters, or doctorate. Because they tend to be shorter in duration, certificate programs may focus on specific subjects. That could include specialty areas or even sub-specialties. However, some certificates also help nurses prepare for nurse practitioner certification. That especially includes post-MSN certificates aimed at nurses who completed a different type of masters nursing program.
Online nurse practitioner programs may be available at several different degree levels. Each one could incorporate a few different degree types, and be appropriate for nurses of different levels of experience.
Possible Online Nurse Practitioner Programs: Concentrations
|Acute Care & Primary Care
|These terms are generally appended to other program names. Acute care means the program focuses on treating specific, short-term issues in settings like emergency clinics and hospitals. Primary care refers to long term, day-to-day healthcare like you might get in a doctor's office.
|Online Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Programs
|These programs focus on infant health, in primary or acute care settings. This could include ages ranging from premature up to two or three, and may cross over in some ways with pediatrics and family care.
|Online Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Programs
|Pediatrics focuses on children, adolescents, and teenagers. Topics could include stages of growth, psychological development, and the health concerns of children at different ages. Pediatrics programs could be acute or primary care, and may cross over with other specialties like family care.
|Adult Health & Gerontology
|Adult health is a relatively broad topic. It ranges from around age eighteen through elder years. Gerontology is somewhat narrower. It focuses on the elderly, and may include topics like aging and end-of-life care.
|Online Family Nurse Practitioner Programs
|Online FNP programs cover a wide span of patient types and ages. They aim to help students prepare to serve whole families, rather than individual members. They're usually specific to primary care, though acute family care programs may be available.
|Online Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Programs
|These programs focus on psychiatric care settings. This could include acute care and residential facilities. Courses may discuss a variety of psychiatric disorders, psychotherapy strategies, medications, and more.
|Online Women's Health Nurse Practitioner Programs
|This concentration is unique in that it focuses on a single gender. This could include reproductive health, prenatal and postpartum care, primary care, and more. Other programs might also be available that focus on men's health or all genders.
One unique aspect of online nurse practitioner programs is that many ask or even require students to choose a concentration. Concentrations typically align with career specialties. They focus on certain types of patients and care settings. As such, the one you select may impact your curriculum in significant ways.
Nurse Practitioner Certificationi
Some online nurse practitioner programs may be designed to help students prepare to pursue certification. Nurse practitioners generally need to earn a nationally-recognized certification before they seek employment. The specific certification you need could vary by state or practice specialty. As such, the specific requirements may vary. However, it usually includes passing an exam, clinical review, and education. Certification usually has to be renewed. For more information on what this might entail, follow up with your online nurse practitioner programs. You could also get in touch with the organization that issues the certification in question.
Search for Online Nurse Practitioner Programs
Ready to start your search for accredited online nurse practitioner programs? If so, GradSchools.com can help you find NP programs online. Narrow your search using the menu above. Just select your preferred degree level! Then review the sponsored programs. If you want to learn more about a particular program, click on the name! Then reach out to them and get in touch, or even start applying!
|Annual Mean Wage
|New York
Schools with Online NP Programs
GradSchools.com offers 27 Online Nurse Practitioner Programs
Grand Canyon University
South University
Western University Of Health Sciences
University of Detroit Mercy
Northern Arizona University
Midwestern State University
Walsh University
Clarkson College
University of New England
University of North Dakota
Georgia Southern University
Northeastern University


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Today I read some great news in the Air Force Times! A role model of mine, someone whom I admire from afar, is making headlines!
I learned today that President Obama has nominated Lieutenant General Janet C. Wolfenbarger for an appointment to the rank of full General. If approved by the Senate, she will become the Commander of Air Force Materiel Command, the service's major command responsible for research, development, testing and evaluation, acquisition support and logistics support for Air Force weapons systems. This is the part of the U.S. Air Force responsible for developing the requirements, blueprints and contracts for all of its systems, from the aircraft to the drones to the satellites to the rockets that put those satellites in the sky!
I wrote about Lt Gen Wolfenbarger last March when I discussed influential women in the Department of Defense during Women's History Month.
This is exciting news on so many levels! First of all, her appointment would make her the U.S. Air Force's first — that's right, first — female four-star General officer. Secondly, Lt Gen Wolfenbarger isn't a pilot…which is often the case with newsworthy women in the Air Force. She has an engineering background! She received her Bachelor's degree from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1980, in the academy's very first graduating class that included women. She received her Master's degree from MIT. She proved her worth as a leader in acquisitions and weapons system development during her involvement in the F-22, B-2 and C-17 weapons systems.
I hope this provides some inspiration for women who are interested in STEM career fields. I definitely feel inspired!


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Gravatar support was added into the WordPress core in 2.5. You could toggle them and chose what rating level (G/PG/PG13/R/X) you wanted to allow, but you couldn't easily change the default avatar for users without a custom Gravatar. That is, until recently.
Earlier this month, Ryan committed a modified version of a patch I wrote. It adds a list of default avatars to the bottom of the discussion options page and has already been added to WordPress.com.
What does this mean for theme developers? Well, this new feature also allows you to define custom default avatars that better match your theme. Here is some example code that you would add to your theme's
<?php add_filter( 'avatar_defaults', 'mytheme_addgravatar' ); function mytheme_addgravatar( $avatar_defaults ) { $myavatar = get_bloginfo('stylesheet_directory') . '/images/avatar.png'; $avatar_defaults[$myavatar] = 'My Theme'; return $avatar_defaults; } ?>
That will add a new default avatar option to the bottom of the user's settings page.


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Ron's Story: Therapy Helps
Ron's story
For 38 years, Ron kept his Vietnam memories to himself. When stress brought on flashbacks, he dealt with them by drinking them away.
"I didn't realize I had a problem," he said. "I run a very successful program with a great staff. I considered it recreational drinking, but really I was self-medicating."
But on one blazing summer day he couldn't get the flashbacks to go away, no matter how much he drank. He kept drinking, and he passed out.
When he came to, he knew it was finally time to get help.
Ron went through an alcohol treatment program. That led to counseling for PTSD and treatment to help him think about his memories in a different way.
He believes it helped him finally talk about what happened in Vietnam. First he told a psychiatrist. Then he told his wife.
He told them about one assignment behind enemy lines.
In Vietnam, Ron was an aircraft mechanic. Because he knew how planes fit together, he was sent once to pull bodies out of a C-47 that had crashed into the side of a mountain.
While soldiers guarded the crash site against attack by the Vietcong, Ron crawled into the wreckage. For 2 or 3 days, he pulled out pieces of bodies and put them in body bags.
The smell, the sounds, and the images are what he relives in his flashbacks. He figures he's never been able to talk about it because he couldn't describe the horror.
He always thought that only combat soldiers got PTSD.
"I thought it happened to guys who were in battle, guys who saw action," he said. "I always felt like I should get a grip, it was just one assignment. I felt like a wimp."
Even when he was diagnosed with PTSD, he denied it. "I said it's not PTSD. I'm just having trouble with a memory."
"I spent a lifetime trying to avoid admitting it was bothering me," he said.
Ron's therapy is working on changing his thought patterns. The desire to drink is gone, he said.
"I thought I was being brave by ignoring it. But I was really being brave by facing up to it."
Ron's story reflects his experiences as told in an interview. The photograph is not of Ron, to protect his privacy.
Current as of: June 25, 2023
Author: Healthwise Staff
Clinical Review Board: All Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.
Current as of: June 25, 2023
Author: Healthwise Staff
Clinical Review Board: All Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. Learn how we develop our content.


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VocabularySpellingCity now brings you Word Search fun to challenge your instrument knowledge! The more you play the more you'll know.
A great way to open children up to the possibilities of the arts. Art and music are essential in expanding the horizons of children beyond the everyday, and children that are exposed to art and music early on are known to do better and go farther in life than they would have without it. Introducing the arts in the form of games is a great way to start them out with a love for art and music.


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By David Worthington | Monday, February 8, 2010 at 4:25 pm
Cloud services like Facebook and Gmail might be "free," but they carry an immense social cost, threatening the privacy and freedom of people who are too willing to trade it away for a perceived convenience, according to Eben Moglen, a Columbia University law professor and founder of the Software Freedom Law Center.
On Friday, Moglen was the guest speaker at a seminar at New York University that was sponsored by local technology organizations. Moglen criticized the hierarchical nature of the Web today, and called for a return to peer-to-peer communications.
"The underlying architecture of the Net is meant to be about peerage," Moglen said. "…There was nothing on the technical side to prevent it, but there was a software problem."
The client/server architecture has been locked in over the past two decades by Microsoft Windows, Moglen claimed. "Servers were given a lot of power, and clients had very little."
Control has been moved even further away from the client (people) by cloud services, which can be physically located anywhere in the world where the provider chooses to operate, Moglen said. Privacy laws vary widely from country to country.
There was no discussion of social consequences on the part of computer sciences as they created technologies that comprise the Web, Moglen said. "The architecture is begging to be misused." Cloud providers are the biggest offenders, in Moglen's view.
Privacy Obscured by Clouds
Cloud-based services range from simple offerings that could easily be duplicated to complex services that require clusters of computation and are administratively complex, Moglen added.
That affords providers a level of control that enables them to remain one step ahead of laws and regulations that meant to safeguard privacy, Moglen said. All server logs belong to the platform and service provider, he added.
Consequently, the public (and government) has lost ability to use legal regulation or to leverage the physical architecture of the network to prevent abuse when a cloud provider that might "fall from innocence," Moglen said. He considers Facebook to be one of those bad actors.
Facebook, Moglen quipped, has turned into a "structure for denigrating the integrity of human integrity." Joking aside, he called it a poor deal for users who receive a smattering of Web hosting, "PHP doodads," and "all the spying that you can get for free all the time… It's grossly overpriced."
"The human race is susceptible to harm," Moglen said. "[Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg] has the distinction of having done more harm to the human race than anyone else his age."
Facebook has recently taken steps to improve its privacy policies, and to give its users more rights to determine what other users and third party applications may see about them.
"Facebook knows who is going to have a love affair before we do," Moglen said. Through accessing server logs, it can see whom "obsessively checks profiles," he explained. People may also be telling others more about themselves than they realize.
In a dramatic example of that notion, a group of graduate students working with Moglen were able to use data from Facebook to identify homosexuals by examining their social mesh, pictures, and other information posted to the site.
"It's not what they had in mind, and it's not what we had in mind for them," Moglen said. The biggest privacy problem, he noted, may be that people do not realize what is and isn't discoverable about them.
Regardless of what steps Facebook has taken to address privacy concerns, Moglen believes that its business model is itself misuse. "It's bad; it should be obsolete–not illegal. We are technologists, and we should fix it," he told attendees.
The underlying social process that forces Facebook along is nothing more than perceived convenience, Moglen said. "Convenience is said to dictate you need Facebook in return to spying all the time, because web servers are so terrible to run."
The "Freedom Box"
Running our own servers and keeping our logs is the solution to the problem, Moglen said. He proposed creating a "freedom box" device that is pocket-sized and portable, with a built-in Web server.
"If someone wants to know what is happening on your server, they can get a search warrant," Moglen said. "Your home is your castle, and the place where your fourth amendment rights sort of exist…when the Supreme Court is not in session."
The freedom box would come pre-loaded with social networking software, use dynamic DNS, and replicate itself on trusted peers so that users still maintain a permanent online presence, Moglen explained. Existing open-source software would be up to the task, he suggested.
Moglen pitched a business model for the freedom box: end users pay $29.99 for a lifetime of use, get "great social networking," "strong software," and "no spying for free." The idea is to create an economy of scale with many hundreds of thousands of users.
Attendees at the event seemed skeptical about the freedom box concept–their questions about it ranged from issues surrounding configuration and maintenance, and ISPs terms and use, to the perceived difficulty of building distributed systems. Me, I'm intrigued by the idea of the freedom box in theory, but I'm not convinced that it could easily become a viable alternative to Facebook. Why? Because, "all my friends use it," and people may not understand the value of peer-to-peer computing.
Weight "all my friends is using it" vs "Big Brother is watching you". Then sell them the freedom box. People will buy it. Even if it is just for e-mail.
The movement already started. http://www.tonidoplug.com/ for instance comes very close to the freedom box. Plus, they have nice buzzwords.
Be very worried about law professors who propose hardware. Especially those who have tainted money from busybox lawsuits and other ways to monetize the truly free work of Linus Torvalds and team.
[…] Moglen, who is a well-known figure in the free software movement, is concerned about the impact that the Internet's predominant client/server architecture has on privacy due to the architecture's potential for abuse. […]
[…] Eben Moglen, a Columbia University law professor and founder of the Software Freedom Law Center warned of at a seminar about privacy in cloud computing last month. Except, I wouldn't have imagined […]
[…] Eben Moglen, a Columbia University law professor and founder of the Software Freedom Law Center warned of at a seminar about privacy in cloud computing last month. Except I wouldn't have imagined […]
[…] Freedom Law Center (SFLC) general counsel Karen Sandler told me that Diaspora was inspired by a lecture that Eben Moglen, director-counsel and chairman of the SFLC, gave in February. The organization […]
[…] Freedom Law Center (SFLC) general counsel Karen Sandler told me that Diaspora was inspired by a lecture that Eben Moglen, director-counsel and chairman of the SFLC, gave in February. The organization […]
[…] Freedom Law Center (SFLC) general counsel Karen Sandler told me that Diaspora was inspired by a lecture that Eben Moglen, director-counsel and chairman of the SFLC, gave in February. The organization […]


text: There have been computer and network hacks for, well, pretty much as long as we've had computers and networks. The motives behind these intrusions have ranged from curiosity to paranoia (see ), through today \u2014 when most high-profile hacks are driven by either greed or some form of ideology.Here are ten hacking incidents through history that made some of the biggest headlines.Markus Hess hacks on behalf of the KGBA German citizen recruited by the KGB to spy for the Soviets in the 1980s, Hess was tasked with breaking into U.S. military computers to obtain classified information.From the University of Bremen in Germany, Hess used the German Datex-P network via satellite link or transatlantic cable to the Tymnet International Gateway. He was able to eventually attack 400 U.S. military computers, including those at military installations in Germany and Japan, as well as machines at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts and the OPTIMIS Database at the Pentagon.Hess's activity was eventually detected by Clifford Stoll, an astronomer turned systems administrator of the computer center of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) in California. Hess was found guilty of espionage and sentenced to one to three years in prison.After Hess's capture, Stoll wrote about the experience in a book titled "The Cuckoo's Egg."Robert Morris hacks the InternetAs a graduate student at Cornell University in 1988, Robert Morris created what would come to be known as the first worm on the Internet. Morris has said he created the worm not for damage, but to give him an idea of the size of the web. In order to hide the worms origins at Cornell, Morris released it from MIT, unleashing it to exploit vulnerabilities in Unix sendmail, finger, and rsh\/rexec. However, a design flaw caused the worm to replicate itself at higher levels than Morris has intended, overloading systems and causing damage significant damage.After he was identified as the source of the worm, Robert Morris became the first person convicted under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act in 1990. Morris was sentenced to three years of probation, 400 hours of community service, a fine of $10,050, and the costs of his supervision.Vladimir Levin hacks CitibankIn what is seen by many as one of the first high-profile instances of financially-motivated hacking, Russian crime ring leader Vladimir Levin managed to gain access to accounts located in the Citibank network and stole millions of dollars in 1995.Working as part of a larger crime group and using a computer based in London, Levin was able to get a list of customer codes and passwords that allowed him to log in many times over a several-week period and transfer money into accounts controlled by the crime organization. Officials said Levin managed to transfer $3.7 million illegally.The FBI eventually caught up with Levin at a London airport and he was tried and convicted in the U.S. and sentenced to three years in jail in 1998. He was also ordered to pay Citibank $240,015 in restitution.Jonathon James hacks NASAKnown by the hacker name c0mrade, Jonathon James was 16 when, in 1999, he hacked into the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, and downloaded proprietary software for the International Space Station. The software supported the International Space Station's physical environment and was responsible for critical control of humidity and temperature for living in space.NASA officials valued the documents stolen by James at around $1.7 million. The incident forced NASA to shut down its computer systems for three weeks and cost them about $41,000 to fix.Adrian Lamo hacks the New York TimesIn 2002, at age 19, Adrian Lamo hacked into the internal network of the New York Times and accessed many sensitive records, including an extensive database of op-ed writers the paper had used in the past.The records contained names and, in some instances, phone numbers, home addresses and payment history on contributors such as Democratic strategist James Carville, former secretary of state James Baker, and (ironically, Sneakers movie veteran) actor Robert Redford. Lamo added his own name to the list of "experts" and under "expertise" he wrote "Computer hacking, national security, communications intelligence."Gary McKinnon hacks the US militaryScottish hacker Gary McKinnon, who went by the handle Solo, was accused of hacking to several US military computers in 2001 and 2002. McKinnon allegedly wanted to know what the government knew about UFOs.Military officials said the damage caused by McKinnon included the deletion of critical files from operating systems, prompting a shut down the US Armys Military District of Washington network of 2,000 computers for 24 hours. McKinnon also allegedly deleted weapons logs at the Earle Naval Weapons Station. Officials said the cost of cleanup from McKinnons hack was over $700,000.McKinnon is currently in London and has been fighting US extradition orders for over a decade. He could face a sentence of over 60 years in prison if convicted of the charges against him.Albert Gonzalez hacks TJX (and many more)Albert Gonzalez was the convicted ring leader of a group of cyber criminals which, from 2005 through 2007, stole more than 90 million credit and debit card numbers from TJX and other retailers, including shoe sellers DSW, OfficeMax, BJs Wholesale Club and Dave & Busters. Gonzalez was also the mastermind behind the hacking that caused the massive records breach of Heartland Payment Systems in 2008.In 2009, Gonzalez was sentenced to two concurrent 20-year prison sentences, the lengthiest sentence ever imposed in the United States for hacking or identity-theft.Anonymous hacks HB GaryIn early 2011, Antisec group Anonymous got angry when Aaron Barr, at the time the CEO of HB Gary Federal, alluded to plans to reveal the identities of several Anonymous members at the Security B-Sides conference. In retaliation, the group compromised the systems of both HBGary Federal and sister firm HB Gary Inc. Anonymous then copied and made public thousands of private HBGary documents, including emails.In one of the first events to really bring "hacktivism" to the attention of the mainstream press, it was reported that some of the documents stolen by Anonymous revealed HBGary Federal was working with Bank of America to respond to Wikileaks' planned release of BOA internal documents. The HBGary documents detailed some planned shady tactics, including launching a "dirty tricks" campaign against Wikileaks and disrupting a Salon.com reporter who was assumed to be sympathetic to Wikileaks.Lulzsec hacks SonyAn offshoot of Anonymous, hacktivist group Lulzsec in June 2011 hacked into Sony Pictures via SQL Injection attack and stole data that included names, passwords, e-mail and home addresses of thousands of customers.Lulzsec, saying the attack was retaliation for Sony's legal action against hacker George Hotz for jailbreaking into the PlayStation 3, claimed to have compromised over one million accounts. Sony has claimed the number of compromised accounts was much lower.Founding Lulzec member Sabu (real name Hector Xavier Monsegur) was arrested by federal agents in June 2011 and agreed to become an FBI informant, providing the FBI with details that lead to the arrest of five other "hacktivists" associated with the groups Anonymous, Lulzsec and Antisec. Sabu himself eventually plead guilty to criminal charges, including multiple counts of conspiracy to engage in computer hacking and is awaiting sentencing.News of the World hacking scandalEmployees of British paper News of the World were found to have hacked into the phones of celebrities, politicians and even murder victims in pursuit of stories for the tabloid.In an investigation that dated back to 2002, it was eventually revealed that reporters, as well as private investigators hired by the paper, had hacked into the voicemail accounts of celebrities such as model Elle McPherson and actress Sienna Miller, as well as members of the British Royal Family. In one instance, a PI working for the paper had tampered with official police evidence by listening to and inadvertently deleting the voicemails of murdered school girl Milly Dowler.The 168-year-old paper was eventually shuttered in the wake of the scandal.


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|Slony-I 1.2.23 Documentation
|Fast Backward
|Fast Forward
6. Slony-I Maintenance
Slony-I actually does a lot of its necessary maintenance itself, in a "cleanup" thread:
Deletes old data from various tables in the Slony-I cluster's namespace, notably entries in sl_log_1, sl_log_2, and sl_seqlog.
Vacuum certain tables used by Slony-I. As of 1.0.5, this includes pg_listener; in earlier versions, you must vacuum that table heavily, otherwise you'll find replication slowing down because Slony-I raises plenty of events, which leads to that table having plenty of dead tuples.
In some versions (1.1, for sure; possibly 1.0.5) there is the option of not bothering to vacuum any of these tables if you are using something like pg_autovacuum to handle vacuuming of these tables. Unfortunately, it has been quite possible for pg_autovacuum to not vacuum quite frequently enough, so you may prefer to use the internal vacuums. Vacuuming pg_listener "too often" isn't nearly as hazardous as not vacuuming it frequently enough.
Unfortunately, if you have long-running transactions, vacuums cannot clear out dead tuples that are newer than the eldest transaction that is still running. This will most notably lead to pg_listener growing large and will slow replication.
The Duplicate Key Violation bug has helped track down a number of rather obscure PostgreSQL race conditions, so that in modern versions of Slony-I and PostgreSQL, there should be little to worry about.
As of version 1.2, "log switching" functionality is in place; every so often (by default, once per week, though you may induce it by calling the stored function
logswitch_start()), it seeks to switch between storing data in sl_log_1 and sl_log_2 so that it may seek to TRUNCATE the "elder" data.
That means that on a regular basis, these tables are completely cleared out, so that you will not suffer from them having grown to some significant size, due to heavy load, after which they are incapable of shrinking back down
In version 2.0, DELETE is no longer used to clear out data in sl_log_1 and sl_log_2; instead, the log switch logic is induced frequently, every time the cleanup loop does not find a switch in progress, and these tables are purely cleared out via TRUNCATE. This eliminates the need to vacuum these tables.
6.1. Interaction with PostgreSQL autovacuum
Recent versions of PostgreSQL support an "autovacuum" process which notices when tables are modified, thereby creating dead tuples, and vacuums those tables, "on demand." It has been observed that this can interact somewhat negatively with Slony-I's own vacuuming policies on its own tables.
Slony-I requests vacuums on its tables immediately after completing transactions that are expected to clean out old data, which may be expected to be the ideal time to do so. It appears as though autovacuum may notice the changes a bit earlier, and attempts vacuuming when transactions are not complete, rendering the work pretty useless. It seems preferable to configure autovacuum to avoid vacuum Slony-I-managed configuration tables.
The following query (change the cluster name to match your local configuration) will identify the tables that autovacuum should be configured not to process:
mycluster=# select oid, relname from pg_class where relnamespace = (select oid from pg_namespace where nspname = '_' || 'MyCluster') and relhasindex; oid | relname -------+-------------- 17946 | sl_nodelock 17963 | sl_setsync 17994 | sl_trigger 17980 | sl_table 18003 | sl_sequence 17937 | sl_node 18034 | sl_listen 18017 | sl_path 18048 | sl_subscribe 17951 | sl_set 18062 | sl_event 18069 | sl_confirm 18074 | sl_seqlog 18078 | sl_log_1 18085 | sl_log_2 (15 rows)
The following query will populate pg_catalog.pg_autovacuum with suitable configuration information: INSERT INTO pg_catalog.pg_autovacuum (vacrelid, enabled, vac_base_thresh, vac_scale_factor, anl_base_thresh, anl_scale_factor, vac_cost_delay, vac_cost_limit, freeze_min_age, freeze_max_age) SELECT oid, 'f', -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 FROM pg_catalog.pg_class WHERE relnamespace = (SELECT OID FROM pg_namespace WHERE nspname = '_' || 'MyCluster') AND relhasindex;
6.2. Watchdogs: Keeping Slons Running
There are a couple of "watchdog" scripts available that monitor things, and restart the slon processes should they happen to die for some reason, such as a network "glitch" that causes loss of connectivity.
You might want to run them...
The "best new way" of managing slon processes is via the combination of Section 21.2, which creates a configuration file for each node in a cluster, and Section 21.4, which uses those configuration files.
This approach is preferable to elder "watchdog" systems in that you can very precisely "nail down," in each config file, the exact desired configuration for each node, and not need to be concerned with what options the watchdog script may or may not give you. This is particularly important if you are using log shipping , where forgetting the -a option could ruin your log shipped node, and thereby your whole day.
6.3. Parallel to Watchdog: generate_syncs.sh
A new script for Slony-I 1.1 is generate_syncs.sh, which addresses the following kind of situation.
Supposing you have some possibly-flakey server where the slon daemon that might not run all the time, you might return from a weekend away only to discover the following situation.
On Friday night, something went "bump" and while the database came back up, none of the slon daemons survived. Your online application then saw nearly three days worth of reasonably heavy transaction load.
When you restart slon on Monday, it hasn't done a SYNC on the master since Friday, so that the next "SYNC set" comprises all of the updates between Friday and Monday. Yuck.
If you run generate_syncs.sh as a cron job every 20 minutes, it will force in a periodic SYNC on the origin, which means that between Friday and Monday, the numerous updates are split into more than 100 syncs, which can be applied incrementally, making the cleanup a lot less unpleasant.
Note that if SYNCs are running regularly, this script won't bother doing anything.
6.4. Testing Slony-I State
In the tools directory, you will find Section 5.1 scripts called test_slony_state.pl and test_slony_state-dbi.pl. One uses the Perl/DBI interface; the other uses the Pg interface.
Both do essentially the same thing, namely to connect to a Slony-I node (you can pick any one), and from that, determine all the nodes in the cluster. They then run a series of queries (read only, so this should be quite safe to run) which examine various Slony-I tables, looking for a variety of sorts of conditions suggestive of problems, including:
Bloating of tables like pg_listener, sl_log_1, sl_log_2, sl_seqlog
Listen paths
Analysis of Event propagation
Analysis of Event confirmation propagation
If communications is a little broken, replication may happen, but confirmations may not get back, which prevents nodes from clearing out old events and old replication data.
Running this once an hour or once a day can help you detect symptoms of problems early, before they lead to performance degradation.
6.5. Replication Test Scripts
In the directory tools may be found four scripts that may be used to do monitoring of Slony-I instances:
test_slony_replication is a Perl script to which you can pass connection information to get to a Slony-I node. It then queries sl_path and other information on that node in order to determine the shape of the requested replication set.
It then injects some test queries to a test table called slony_test which is defined as follows, and which needs to be added to the set of tables being replicated:
CREATE TABLE slony_test ( description text, mod_date timestamp with time zone, "_Slony-I_testcluster_rowID" bigint DEFAULT nextval('"_testcluster".sl_rowid_seq'::text) NOT NULL );
The last column in that table was defined by Slony-I as one lacking a primary key...
This script generates a line of output for each Slony-I node that is active for the requested replication set in a file called cluster.fact.log.
There is an additional finalquery option that allows you to pass in an application-specific SQL query that can determine something about the state of your application.
log.pm is a Perl module that manages logging for the Perl scripts.
run_rep_tests.sh is a "wrapper" script that runs test_slony_replication.
If you have several Slony-I clusters, you might set up configuration in this file to connect to all those clusters.
nagios_slony_test is a script that was constructed to query the log files so that you might run the replication tests every so often (we run them every 6 minutes), and then a system monitoring tool such as Nagios can be set up to use this script to query the state indicated in those logs.
It seemed rather more efficient to have a cron job run the tests and have Nagios check the results rather than having Nagios run the tests directly. The tests can exercise the whole Slony-I cluster at once rather than Nagios invoking updates over and over again.
6.6. Other Replication Tests
The methodology of the previous section is designed with a view to minimizing the cost of submitting replication test queries; on a busy cluster, supporting hundreds of users, the cost associated with running a few queries is likely to be pretty irrelevant, and the setup cost to configure the tables and data injectors is pretty high.
Three other methods for analyzing the state of replication have stood out:
For an application-oriented test, it has been useful to set up a view on some frequently updated table that pulls application-specific information.
For instance, one might look either at some statistics about a most recently created application object, or an application transaction. For instance:
create view replication_test as select now() - txn_time as age, object_name from transaction_table order by txn_time desc limit 1;
create view replication_test as select now() - created_on as age, object_name from object_table order by id desc limit 1;
There is a downside: This approach requires that you have regular activity going through the system that will lead to there being new transactions on a regular basis. If something breaks down with your application, you may start getting spurious warnings about replication being behind, despite the fact that replication is working fine.
The Slony-I-defined view, sl_status provides information as to how up to date different nodes are. Its contents are only really interesting on origin nodes, as the events generated on other nodes are generally ignorable.
See also the Section 5.3 discussion.
6.7. Log Files
slon daemons generate some more-or-less verbose log files, depending on what debugging level is turned on. You might assortedly wish to:
Use a log rotator like Apache rotatelogs to have a sequence of log files so that no one of them gets too big;
Purge out old log files, periodically.
6.8. mkservice
6.8.1. slon-mkservice.sh
Create a slon service directory for use with svscan from daemontools. This uses multilog in a pretty basic way, which seems to be standard for daemontools / multilog setups. If you want clever logging, see logrep below. Currently this script has very limited error handling capabilities.
For non-interactive use, set the following environment variables. BASEDIR SYSUSR PASSFILE DBUSER HOST PORT DATABASE CLUSTER SLON_BINARY If any of the above are not set, the script asks for configuration information interactively.
BASEDIR where you want the service directory structure for the slon to be created. This should not be the /var/service directory.
SYSUSR the unix user under which the slon (and multilog) process should run.
PASSFILE location of the .pgpass file to be used. (default ~sysusr/.pgpass)
DBUSER the postgres user the slon should connect as (default slony)
HOST what database server to connect to (default localhost)
PORT what port to connect to (default 5432)
DATABASE which database to connect to (default dbuser)
CLUSTER the name of your Slony1 cluster? (default database)
SLON_BINARY the full path name of the slon binary (default which slon)
6.8.2. logrep-mkservice.sh
This uses tail -F to pull data from log files allowing you to use multilog filters (by setting the CRITERIA) to create special purpose log files. The goal is to provide a way to monitor log files in near realtime for "interesting" data without either hacking up the initial log file or wasting CPU/IO by re-scanning the same log repeatedly.
For non-interactive use, set the following environment variables. BASEDIR SYSUSR SOURCE EXTENSION CRITERIA If any of the above are not set, the script asks for configuration information interactively.
BASEDIR where you want the service directory structure for the logrep to be created. This should not be the /var/service directory.
SYSUSR unix user under which the service should run.
SOURCE name of the service with the log you want to follow.
EXTENSION a tag to differentiate this logrep from others using the same source.
CRITERIA the multilog filter you want to use.
A trivial example of this would be to provide a log file of all slon ERROR messages which could be used to trigger a nagios alarm. EXTENSION='ERRORS' CRITERIA="'-*' '+* * ERROR*'" (Reset the monitor by rotating the log using svc -a $svc_dir)
A more interesting application is a subscription progress log. EXTENSION='COPY' CRITERIA="'-*' '+* * ERROR*' '+* * WARN*' '+* * CONFIG enableSubscription*' '+* * DEBUG2 remoteWorkerThread_* prepare to copy table*' '+* * DEBUG2 remoteWorkerThread_* all tables for set * found on subscriber*' '+* * DEBUG2 remoteWorkerThread_* copy*' '+* * DEBUG2 remoteWorkerThread_* Begin COPY of table*' '+* * DEBUG2 remoteWorkerThread_* * bytes copied for table*' '+* * DEBUG2 remoteWorkerThread_* * seconds to*' '+* * DEBUG2 remoteWorkerThread_* set last_value of sequence*' '+* * DEBUG2 remoteWorkerThread_* copy_set*'"
If you have a subscription log then it's easy to determine if a given slon is in the process of handling copies or other subscription activity. If the log isn't empty, and doesn't end with a "CONFIG enableSubscription: sub_set:1" (or whatever set number you've subscribed) then the slon is currently in the middle of initial copies.
If you happen to be monitoring the mtime of your primary slony logs to determine if your slon has gone brain-dead, checking this is a good way to avoid mistakenly clobbering it in the middle of a subscribe. As a bonus, recall that since the the slons are running under svscan, you only need to kill it (via the svc interface) and let svscan start it up again laster. I've also found the COPY logs handy for following subscribe activity interactively.