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This document has been archived and replaced by NSF 13-583.
National Science Foundation
Letter of Intent Due Date(s) (required) (due by 5 p.m. proposer's local time):
September 06, 2012
Preliminary Proposal Due Date(s) (required) (due by 5 p.m. proposer's local time):
October 10, 2012
Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p.m. proposer's local time):
February 08, 2013
A revised version of the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG), NSF 13-1, was issued on October 4, 2012 and is effective for proposals submitted, or due, on or after January 14, 2013. Please be advised that the guidelines contained in NSF 13-1 apply to proposals submitted in response to this funding opportunity. Proposers who opt to submit prior to January 14, 2013, must also follow the guidelines contained in NSF 13-1.
Please be aware that significant changes have been made to the PAPPG to implement revised merit review criteria based on the National Science Board (NSB) report, National Science Foundation's Merit Review Criteria: Review and Revisions. While the two merit review criteria remain unchanged (Intellectual Merit and Broader Impacts), guidance has been provided to clarify and improve the function of the criteria. Changes will affect the project summary and project description sections of proposals. Annual and final reports also will be affected.
A by-chapter summary of this and other significant changes is provided at the beginning of both the Grant Proposal Guide and the Award & Administration Guide.
Please note that this program solicitation may contain supplemental proposal preparation guidance and/or guidance that deviates from the guidelines established in the Grant Proposal Guide.
Program Title:
Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI)
1. Flexible Bioelectronics Systems (BioFlex)
2. Origami Design for Integration of Self-assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI)
3. Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR)
Synopsis of Program:
The Directorate for Engineering at the National Science Foundation has established the Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) to serve a critical role in focusing on important emerging areas in a timely manner. This solicitation is a funding opportunity for interdisciplinary teams of researchers to embark on rapidly advancing frontiers of fundamental engineering research. For this solicitation, we will consider proposals that aim to investigate emerging frontiers in the following three specific research areas:
(1) Flexible Bioelectronics Systems (BioFlex),
(2) Origami Design for Integration of Self-assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI), and
(3) Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR).
This solicitation will be coordinated with the Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences and the Directorate for Biological Sciences within NSF. Additionally, interest within other Federal agencies, specifically Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), may lead to an interagency effort in support of certain PSBR and ODISSEI projects. Proposals submitted under the PSBR and ODISSEI topics may be shared with interested representatives from AFOSR.
EFRI seeks proposals with transformative ideas that represent an opportunity for a significant shift in fundamental engineering knowledge with a strong potential for long term impact on national needs or a grand challenge. The proposals must also meet the detailed requirements delineated in this solicitation.
INFORMATION WEBCAST: The EFRI Office held an information workshop on September 22, 2011 to discuss EFRI programs and answer questions about the solicitation. Since the topics are repeated for FY 2013, the information on the Webcast remains current.
Details are posted on the EFRI website (www.nsf.gov/eng/efri).
The Webcast can also be viewed directly by visiting: tvworldwide.com
Cognizant Program Officer(s):
Please note that the following information is current at the time of publishing. See program website for any updates to the points of contact.
Sohi Rastegar, Director, Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI), 505, telephone: (703) 292-8305, email: email@example.com
Garie Fordyce, Program Manager, Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Engineering, telephone: (703) 292-4603, email: email@example.com
TOPIC 1: Flexible Bioelectronics Systems, (BioFlex), telephone: (703) 292-8339, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Usha Varshney, BioFlex Coordinator / Program Director, NSF/ENG/ECCS, telephone: (703) 292-8339, email: email@example.com
Leon Esterowitz, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-7942, email: email@example.com
TOPIC 2: Origami Design for Integration of Self-, assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI), telephone: see below, email: email@example.com
Clark Cooper, ODISSEI Coordinator / Program Director, NSF/ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-7899, email: email@example.com
Christina L. Bloebaum, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-8611, email: email@example.com
TOPIC 3: Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR), PSBR Coordinator / Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-4997, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
George Antos, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-4997, email: email@example.com
Bruce K. Hamilton, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-8320, email: email@example.com
Ram Gupta, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-2407, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Applicable Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number(s):
Anticipated Type of Award: Standard Grant
Estimated Number of Awards: 12 to 16 (4-year awards)
Anticipated Funding Amount: $32,000,000 in FY 2013, pending the availability of funds.
Proposals may only be submitted by the following:
- Universities and Colleges - Universities and two- and four-year colleges (including community colleges) accredited in, and having a campus located in the US, acting on behalf of their faculty members. Such organizations also are referred to as academic institutions.
Principal Investigators (PI) must be at the faculty level as determined by the submitting organization. A minimum of one PI and two co-PIs must participate.
Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization:
None Specified
Limit on Number of Proposals per PI: 1
The principal investigator and co-principal investigators may participate in only one proposal submitted to this solicitation. It is the responsibility of the submitting institution to ensure that the PI and all co-PIs are participating in only one proposal submitted to this solicitation.
A. Proposal Preparation Instructions
B. Budgetary Information
C. Due Dates
September 06, 2012
October 10, 2012
February 08, 2013
Merit Review Criteria: National Science Board approved criteria. Additional merit review considerations apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information.
Award Conditions: Additional award conditions apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information.
Reporting Requirements: Additional reporting requirements apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information.
The Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) provides funding opportunities for interdisciplinary teams of researchers to embark on rapidly advancing frontiers of fundamental engineering research. EFRI seeks proposals with potentially transformative ideas that represent an opportunity for a significant shift in fundamental engineering knowledge with a strong potential for long term impact on national needs or a grand challenge. For this solicitation, EFRI will consider proposals that aim to investigate emerging frontiers in the following three specific research areas: (1) Flexible Bioelectronics Systems (BioFlex), (2) Origami Design for Integration of Self-assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI), and (3) Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR). The proposals must meet the detailed requirements delineated in this solicitation.
AFOSR is pleased to collaborate with NSF in the pursuance of revolutionary scientific breakthroughs related to Origami Design for the Integration of Self-assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI) and Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR). AFOSR program managers will collaborate with NSF in the review, selection and potential funding of proposals submitted under this solicitation. The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) manages the basic research investment for the U.S. Air Force (USAF). As a part of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), AFOSR's technical experts foster and fund research within the Air Force Research Laboratory, universities, and industry laboratories to ensure the transition of research results to support USAF needs. Using a carefully balanced research portfolio, research managers seek to create revolutionary scientific breakthroughs, enabling the Air Force and U.S. industry to produce world-class, militarily significant, and commercially valuable products. Proposers interested in learning more about AFOSR's mission and research interests should consult the AFOSR website, http://www.wpafb.af.mil/afrl/afosr/.
Interest within the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) may lead to proposals submitted under the PSBR and ODISSEI topics being shared with interested representatives from AFOSR for co-funding consideration.
The Department of Energy (DOE) has interest in this solicitation but has made no financial commitments at this point due to budgetary constraints. DOE has interest in the PSBR area and will participate in the review. DOE may contribute funds if funds are available.
1) Flexible Bioelectronics Systems (BioFlex) - BioFlex represents a highly promising interdisciplinary research area that will provide unique opportunities for early detection, diagnosis, and delivery for healthcare applications. Hybrid BioFlex systems integrated with novel materials, sensors and devices resulting in new functionalities will have a profound influence on the future of personalized medicine, telemedicine, and healthcare delivery. BioFlex technologies with electronic circuits and devices on flexible substrates have the potential to meet future challenges by developing novel hybrid flexible in vivo and ex vivo biosystems that will further have the advantage of being biocompatible, resorbable, highly conformable, bendable, portable, light weight and low power consumption. Furthermore, such systems can potentially be scaled-up and manufactured at reduced costs using roll-to-roll and other manufacturing techniques. In addition, technologies that can provide remote monitoring of vital signs, such as blood pressure, heart rate, and blood-oxygen content, among others, can enhance the quality of life for the patient. The significance of such low-cost systems further lies in being potentially disposable and sterile leading to reduced hospital-acquired infections, thereby lowering healthcare costs. It is expected that transformative BioFlex research would have the long-term potential to enhance the quality of patient care, while reducing the total cost of healthcare delivery.
2) Origami Design for Integration of Self-assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI) - The central theme of the ODISSEI initiative is to explore the folding and unfolding of materials and structures at all scales and across scales in order to overcome obstacles associated with the rigorous design of engineered systems. Just as Homer's epic poem, Odyssey, relates Odysseus' long journey home following the fall of Troy, ODISSEI represents a journey into an emerging field of science and engineering that encourages the exploration of origami engineering for the design of self-assembling, multifunctional, compliant structures facilitated through the integration of active materials, design theory, mathematics (geometric origami), and artistic expression. A fundamental understanding of how materials at different scales can be designed to be folded and unfolded, and the relation of such folding to self-assembly, will have tremendous impact in numerous areas of national priority. Such engineered systems would have application in the design of materials, compliant mechanisms, and structures, impacting critical industries including manufacturing, energy, and biomedicine.
Traditionally, origami has been recognized as the art of paper folding. In recent decades, however, engineers, scientists, and mathematicians have used principles of folding in materials design to achieve substantially more complex shapes and products for applications spanning scales and disciplines, including automotive safety (e.g. airbags), biomedical device design (e.g. deployable heart stents), and DNA Origami for patterning. Origami structures can also be found in nature, such as in the growth process of plant leaves, providing possibilities for biomimicry. Present barriers to folding and unfolding mechanisms pertain to lack of understanding in scaling laws, the inability to easily reorient matter to achieve the desired folding and unfolding, the lack of understanding pertaining to smaller scale influence on larger scale compliance, and the lack of appropriate mathematics and tools to enable rigorous design of foldable engineered systems. Fundamental theories associated with folding and unfolding (in the sciences as well as mathematics) would enhance the ability to achieve rigorous designs for engineered systems and would have the potential to significantly advance numerous areas of national priority.
3) Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR) -Achieving the sustainable production of transportation fuels and industrial chemicals will be one of the grand challenges of the 21st century. One direct route to achieve this end is to harness solar energy to drive the conversion of atmospheric carbon dioxide( CO2) and water into carbon-based fuels and chemicals. For example, photosynthetic processes in single-celled algae use sunlight as the energy source to reduce atmospheric CO2 to energy-rich metabolites such as lipids or hydrocarbons, which can be reprocessed into diesel or gasoline or substitutes.
Within the vast diversity of phototrophic microorganisms in marine and terrestrial environments, there are a myriad of unique biocatalytic capacities to convert atmospheric CO2 and water into a variety of complex and/or energy-dense compounds, including biofuels, commodity or specialty chemicals, or bio-products. This suggests that phototrophic microorganisms may serve as a platform for the sustainable "photosynthetic biorefinery" of the future. However, there are significant barriers and challenges to the realization of photosynthetic biorefineries, including:
This Frontier Topic, Photosynthetic Biorefineries, seeks to support interdisciplinary research that will explore new paradigms to break through the fundamental barriers currently facing the scale-up of sustainable photobiological processes for the production of fuels, chemicals, and bio-products from sunlight and atmospheric CO2. The key idea is to establish the scaling and control principles which unify molecular, cellular, and bio-manufacturing processes to efficiently deliver light and CO2 to phototrophic microorganisms in scalable cultivation platforms, coupled to the engineering of primary and secondary metabolic pathways that harness photosynthetic processes to flexibly generate complex and/or energy-dense molecules (biofuels, commodity and specialty chemicals, and bio-products), taking into consideration the environmental and life cycle impacts of these processes, as envisioned in the Figure below.
The dual national needs of energy security and reduction of greenhouse gases implicated with climate change, as described in recent reports by the NSF National Science Board, the U.S. Department of Energy as well as the Obama Administration clean energy policy priorities, also drive the need for this EFRI Topic on Photosynthetic Bio-refineries.
The Directorate for Engineering (ENG) promotes diversity in all aspects of its programs. In keeping with ENG's priority to broaden the participation of underrepresented groups(see detailed definition below) in Engineering, the Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation is addressing the need to enhance diversity in all fields of Engineering by requiring all EFRI projects to include a "Broadening Participation Plan" as part of the EFRI 2013 Solicitation. One goal is to increase the participation of underrepresented groups in the field of engineering and in engineering research. This requirement will not only promote diversity in the human resources engaged in these EFRI projects but will also expand diversity of thought, ideas, and approaches brought together by EFRI in defining and solving important research questions.
The term "underrepresented groups" refers to and includes the following: women, persons with disabilities, and ethnic and racial groups which are in the minority in engineering including African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, Alaska Natives, and Pacific Islanders.
The Broadening Participation Plan must be described as part of Broader Impacts of the proposal both in the Project Summary and in the Project Description. It may include, but is not limited to, any of the following menu of activities as appropriate for your project and the circumstances of your institution(s):
The EFRI Office encourages the proposers to be creative in the planning of activities to attract and retain members of underrepresented groups to the fields of engineering and engineering research when developing their Broadening Participation Plans.
The "Required Elements" listed below for each topic are expected to be addressed in both the preliminary proposals as well as in the full proposals.
1) Flexible Bioelectronics Systems (BioFlex)
This focused initiative seeks high-risk/high-return, interdisciplinary research proposals on innovative concepts in hybrid flexible bioelectronics systems for healthcare applications. Integrated intrinsic and hybridized flexible bioelectronics systems that can provide greatly increased functionality and the potential to meet future challenges of scalability, flexibility, low power consumption, light weight, and reduced cost are central to this initiative. The proposals should include a systems approach that encompasses several disciplines to address the scientific issues and technological challenges associated with the underpinnings of BioFlex systems based on electronic circuits and devices integrated on flexible substrates. Proposals should be based on transformative ideas that can potentially break new ground in the area of hybrid flexible bioelectronics systems (BioFlex). This BioFlex initiative is expected to bridge the gap between discovery and innovation by promoting transformative concepts to translational systems that include modeling and integration of novel materials, devices, and circuits in systems architectures.
Cooperative activities among academia, industry, and national laboratories as well as international collaborations are encouraged. International activities normally sponsored by the Office of International Science and Engineering (https://www.nsf.gov/od/oise/about.jsp) programs will be considered. International collaborations should include a letter of collaboration from international partners describing the nature and goals of their research, and synergies and benefits to be gained from such collaborations. Industrial partnerships including current or past SBIR/STTR grantees, following Grant Opportunities for Academic Liaison with Industry (GOALI) (https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2010/nsf10580/nsf10580.htm) guidelines, are strongly encouraged. Proposals should also discuss effective ways in which education and outreach are integrated within the research program to achieve societal impacts.
BioFlex proposals may address, but are not limited to, the following subtopics:
Subtopic-1) Science of Devices: Proposals may include science that can advance the understanding of fundamental properties, functionalities, and performance of devices; theoretical and experimental aspects of charge transport in organic and inorganic thin film and nanowire structures-based devices; charge injection and transport related to defects, grain boundaries, crystallinity, and carrier mobility in flexible structures that serve as building blocks for BioFlex systems; challenges associated with integrating biocompatible and resorbable materials at a macro, micro and nano-scales; and electrodes. Study of materials leading to quantum leaps in device functionalities are of interest.
Subtopic-2) Interfacial Engineering: Proposals may contain engineering of surfaces and interfaces between materials (organic/inorganic/biological), devices and systems. Studies related to the understanding of interfaces between devices and tissue, cells, and biological fluids is of interest.
Subtopic-3) Processing and Scaling-up Techniques: Processing methodologies leading to advances in scalability, high throughput, and low-cost are also of interest. Novel interconnects concepts and biocompatible device packaging are of interest.
Subtopic-4) Systems Engineering: Potential challenges relating to system level integration of materials, devices, interconnects, circuits, power sources, data communication links, and packaging of in vivo and/or ex vivo BioFlex systems must be discussed.
Required Flexible Bioelectronics Systems (BioFlex) Elements:
To advance the frontier topic of Flexible Bioelectronics Systems for healthcare applications, the research team expertise should cut across disciplines. The BioFlex proposals are required to address the following five BioFlex elements:
BioFlex 1) Either the PI and/or one of the Co-PIs on the proposal must be from the Bioengineering discipline.
BioFlex 2) Proposals sought under this solicitation must address a systems-level approach including modeling, simulation and integration of bioengineered system's components such as novel materials, devices, circuit architectures, interconnects, power sources, data communication links, and packaging, that can create major advances in state-of-the-art hybrid flexible electronic systems for healthcare applications. Proposals offering incremental advances in existing technologies are discouraged. Research should focus on critical, enabling engineering and fundamental scientific challenges that can create and sustain long-term growth of BioFlex applications.
BioFlex 3) Describe which aspect of the proposed BioFlex system is flexible or conformable.
BioFlex 4) Describe the energy/power source required for the proposed BioFlex system. It may include conventional or new energy-harvesting concepts.
BioFlex 5) Discuss the social, environmental, and economic implications of the proposed BioFlex system. The discussion may include the ultimate goal of producing significant benefits to society in terms of quality of life, while possibly lowering the total cost of healthcare delivery.
2) Origami Design for Integration of Self-assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI)
The goal of ODISSEI is to achieve self-assembling, multifunctional, compliant structures that are enabled through the integration of active materials, design theory, compliant mechanisms, mathematics, and artistic expression. Insights from origami mathematics, artistic expression, topology optimization, and complex systems will provide inspiration for these integrated self-assembling systems.
Successful proposals will focus on one or more of the following four key themes listed below. It is recognized that there may be unique collaborations which promote research at the intersection of the ODISSEI themes.
NOTE: The theme or themes being addressed should be clearly identified in the Letter of Intent as well as in the first line of the project summary in both the preliminary and full proposals.
Theme-1) Compliant Mechanisms: Understanding the key factors contributing to structural compliance and its interaction to material properties provides numerous research challenges (e.g. through the use of tensegrity structures or any other basic concepts or constructs). A key idea here is to achieve a reduction in the number of parts necessary in a designed product (at any scale), through exploitation of folding and unfolding mechanisms. In order to rigorously design products with fewer and foldable parts, an understanding of the mathematical challenges and uncertainties associated with creases and folds must be achieved and modeled at different scales and, as appropriate, across scales. There are numerous opportunities for research teams in this area, which would span numerous industries and disciplines. For instance, topology optimization could be used to design a functionally graded multifunctional material system at the microscale and its upscaling could provide the macro compliant mechanism design. Another example of a possible research effort might involve exploring how folding and unfolding at smaller scales could influence compliance at larger scales to achieve a rigorously designed product with fewer and foldable parts. Such a project would have implications far beyond design, including manufacturing.
Theme-2) Active Materials: Fundamental understanding of how materials at different scales can be designed to be folded and unfolded through matter reorientation at creases and the relation of such folding to self-assembly can transform present design and manufacturing practice. In this context, there are intriguing opportunities to explore nonlinearities and time or rate-dependency for folding/unfolding mechanisms in smaller scales, which can be integrated with associated scaling laws. Opportunities for research teams that are interested in the application of origami concepts to active materials are myriad and include, for example, the folding and/or unfolding of matter on the molecular scale in such a way that materials are able to perform multiple tasks and those whose functionality and other behavior depend on chemical moieties and nearest neighbor interactions. It is possible that, using 2-D crystalline or amorphous sheets with precise surface patterning, folding can be triggered that transforms the 2-D sheets into simple and more complicated 3-D structures through surface tension effects or thermal treatment, including polyhedra. For instance, novel active materials could be developed so that thermo-chemo-electro-dynamic favorable origami polyhedral patterns could be developed which are essential for 3D pattern formation. In addition, the density of information that may be written to and retrieved from electronic storage devices is limited by the spacing and resolution of the lines and other features that are achievable. The use of origami to fold such patterned structures in preselected locations could enable an important transition to 3-D storage devices to yield significant augmentations to currently achievable information storage densities. These examples are intended to illustrate the breadth of research topics that could be appropriate for submission in response to this solicitation rather than to narrowly define or restrict proposal topics that appropriate for response.
Theme-3) Bio-origami: Several processes in biology rely on the relative position/orientation of interacting molecules or cells. Opportunities exist to explore patterning of 3D tissues by assembling different cells in the 3D matrix. Innovative uses of bio-origami may offer avenues to position cells in a 3D structure, which include challenges to make culture materials that can be sterilized, folded-up, maintain vasculature, etc. Other opportunities in the area of bio-origami include the exploration of designing and building 3D custom "DNA origami" objects (e.g. by means of molecular self-assembling) and their applications. For instance, nucleic acids, which are easily functionalized, provide a dramatic example of self-assembling biopolymers that can be harnessed to build circuitry or other devices. Another possible avenue of exploration in bio-origami pertains to the challenges of protein folding into stable configurations - an area that offers rich opportunities in both modeling and computation.
Theme-4) Foldable Structures and Microstructures: Possible avenues of exploration include the use of the art of origami and origami design to explore cognitive experiences associated with spatial transformations, computational modeling, and form finding for developing architecture of materials (e.g. negative Poisson's ratio) as well as innovative (large-scale) structural systems for buildings and bridges. At the lower spatial scales, the goal is to design microstructures with prescribed or improved properties not found in common materials. In this setting, a source of inspiration may be found in mathematical patterns and tessellations. At the higher scales, opportunities exist in either static or kinetic origami structures that are "green," in the sense that they are lightweight and compact, and can be easily recycled. These are alternative deployable structures that can be used in situations where man-made or natural disasters occur. In this scenario, the structure should be easily transported and deployed. Attention could be given to static and dynamic stability, cost, strength, weight (i.e. recognizing the need for minimum weight structures in this context), and ease of construction, deconstruction, and manufacturing. Of particular interest is scaling from micro- to macro- length-scales. For instance, could similar concepts be applied at different length scales (e.g. could a microstructure obtained by means of homogenization techniques be applicable at a larger scale). Answers may offer potentials for discovery of new and innovative structural systems.
Required Origami Design for Integration of Self-assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI) Elements:
To be considered for the ODISSEI EFRI program, proposals must be primarily centered on identifying and addressing the obstacles in the design of engineered systems that are enabled by folding and/or unfolding of materials (at any scale and across scales), and facilitated by origami engineering, mathematics, and the fine arts. Proposals must include one investigator from an appropriate engineering discipline. For proposals advancing origami design, at least one investigator must have research expertise in the appropriate design area. It is strongly encouraged that proposals include a participant from the fine arts, as we believe that true innovation in the identified areas of exploration and discovery associated with ODISSEI will best be spurred through artistic influence. It is strongly encouraged that proposals focusing on mathematical and computational discovery associated with folding and unfolding of materials (and or structures) include an investigator with mathematics or computational expertise, as appropriate. The more competitive proposals will address two or more of the following ODISSEI elements:
ODISSEI 1) Development of scientific, mathematical, and/or design theories for folding and/or unfolding;
ODISSEI 2) Development of theoretical foundations for self-assembly at all scales and across scales; and
ODISSEI 3) Computational discovery and tools to facilitate design of engineered systems through folding and unfolding mechanisms.
ODISSEI 4) Dissemination of the scientific and engineering principles associated with folding and unfolding through community and educational outreach.
3) Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR)
The overarching goal of this EFRI Topic is to establish the fundamental principles which efficiently deliver light and CO2 to phototrophic microorganisms in scalable platforms for the sustainable and flexible production of fuels, chemicals, and bio-products.
The scale-up of photobiological processes is a multi-scale systems challenge that embraces the fundamentals of the biological and physical sciences as well as the engineering disciplines, and thus requires an interdisciplinary approach. The principles that unify molecular, cellular, and bio-manufacturing processes underlying the efficient delivery of light and CO2 to phototrophic organisms in scalable cultivation systems are poorly understood. Additionally, there is no theoretical framework to support the rational development of this emerging technology. These engineered systems are inherently complex at large scale because they must capture both sunlight and CO2 from a diffuse source and then direct and concentrate these inputs to the phototropic microorganisms in an aqueous medium.
Furthermore, novel metabolic and bioprocess engineering strategies are needed to tailor primary and secondary pathways that harness photosynthesis to flexibly biosynthesize complex and/or energy-dense compounds, and facilitate their separation. These bio-manufacturing platforms must also accommodate the stochastic nature of living organisms that are the biocatalysts for fuels and chemicals production.
Finally, new approaches to the management and control of large-scale bio-manufacturing processes that utilize sunlight as a primary energy source and CO2 as the primary carbon source, combined with the assessment of the environmental, ecological, and life cycle impacts of these processes, are needed to synergistically advance the science of sustainable bio-manufacturing processes that will enable the photosynthetic bio-refineries of the future bio-economy.
As shown in the Figure above, we envision that the most productive approach will involve two-way feedback, collaborations, and interactions to generate new discoveries and understanding. These interactions will be between researchers with knowledge of the processes, issues and requirements at the systems level and those with knowledge at the fundamental, basic science level. These interactions will embrace a variety of disciplines within the biological and physical sciences as well as engineering.
In summary, it is expected that investments in this EFRI topic will lead to new paradigms for the rational design, process intensification, and upscaling of sustainable biorefineries for the production of fuels, chemicals, and bio-products that use sunlight and atmospheric CO2 as inputs. These investments will also advance the basic science of flexibly transforming CO2 to complex and/or energy-rich molecules through metabolic processes in native or engineered phototrophic microorganisms.
Required Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR) Elements:
To advance the frontier topic of sustainable Photosynthetic Biorefineries for the production of fuels, chemicals, and bio-products from CO2 and sunlight, proposals must address the following five elements:
PSBR 1) Process concepts must be based on foundational knowledge, particularly in molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, chemistry, physics, the engineering disciplines, and the environmental sciences. They must also explore new, innovative, and potentially transformative ideas for efficiently and flexibly transforming atmospheric CO2 to complex and/or energy-rich molecules through metabolic processes in native or engineered microorganisms that harness sunlight as the energy source for CO2 reduction in scalable engineered systems.
PSBR 2) Process concepts must demonstrate new, innovative, and potentially transformative ideas for efficiently capturing CO2 and sunlight in engineered systems, and may also consider novel strategies, ranging from the molecular to the bioprocess scale to tailor primary and secondary pathways that make complex and/or energy-dense compounds and facilitate their separation.
PSBR 3) Process concepts must demonstrate scalability from the molecular & cellular scale to the bioprocess scale, and should embrace a multi-scale systems approach that proposes new paradigms, as well as potentially transformative modeling & simulation approaches, for the rational upscaling and intelligent/adaptable control of bio-manufacturing platforms for fuels, chemicals, and bio-products that use sunlight and atmospheric CO2 as inputs; these multi-scale systems approach should also emphasize feedback from the molecular & cellular scale to the bioprocess scale, and vice versa.
PSBR 4) Transformative and scalable process concepts must demonstrate the potential for future large scale deployment from economic, ecological, and life cycle perspectives, and pose no adverse environmental or societal impacts.
PSBR 5) Process concepts must demonstrate sustainability of natural resource utilization beyond CO2 and sunlight, including water and raw materials.
The 2013 EFRI awards will be Standard Grant awards. The anticipated number of awards is between 12-16 awards. The anticipated duration of all awards is 4-years. The anticipated funding amount for the EFRI Program is a total of $32,000,000 in FY 2013, pending the availability of funds. The anticipated funding level for each project team may receive support of up to a total of $2,000,000 spread over four years, pending the availability of funds. It is not expected that all awards will receive the maximum amount; the size of awards will depend upon the type of research program proposed. It should be noted that interest within other Federal agencies, specifically Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), may lead to an interagency effort in support of certain PSBR and ODISSEI projects.
Proposals may only be submitted by the following:
- Universities and Colleges - Universities and two- and four-year colleges (including community colleges) accredited in, and having a campus located in the US, acting on behalf of their faculty members. Such organizations also are referred to as academic institutions.
Principal Investigators (PI) must be at the faculty level as determined by the submitting organization. A minimum of one PI and two co-PIs must participate.
Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization:
None Specified
Limit on Number of Proposals per PI: 1
The principal investigator and co-principal investigators may participate in only one proposal submitted to this solicitation. It is the responsibility of the submitting institution to ensure that the PI and all co-PIs are participating in only one proposal submitted to this solicitation.
Letters of Intent(required):
A one-page Letter of Intent is required. The letter should be submitted via FastLane no later than the date specified in this solicitation. The subject heading of the letter should include a brief title of the proposal and the name of the lead institution. Each letter must include the following:
1. THE TITLE- Title of the EFRI proposal, preceded by the words "EFRI-BioFlex:" or "EFRI-ODISSEI:" or "EFRI-PSBR:," as appropriate.
2. THE TEAM- Names, departmental and university affiliation, and expertise of the Principal Investigator and at least two co-Principal Investigators.
3. THE SYNOPSIS (GOALS)- Brief description of the specific goals of the proposal (maximum of 250 words). For the ODISSEI topic, state which theme(s) you will be addressing in the proposal.
These letters of intent are not used as pre-approval mechanisms for the submission of preliminary proposals and no feedback is provided to the submitters. The Letters of Intent are not reviewed but are used to assess the overall response to the solicitation. They help NSF anticipate review requirements for preliminary proposals.
Letter of Intent Preparation Instructions:
When submitting a Letter of Intent through FastLane in response to this Program Solicitation please note the conditions outlined below:
Preliminary Proposals (required): Preliminary proposals are required and must be submitted via the NSF FastLane system.
Preliminary proposals will be reviewed by panels of outside experts. Based on the reviews, a limited number of PIs will be invited to submit full proposals. By mid December of 2012, successful PIs should expect to receive an invitation from the EFRI Office to submit a full proposal.
Preliminary proposals should provide a brief overview of the project and should include sufficient information to allow assessment of the main ideas and approaches and how it is appropriate as an EFRI proposal as opposed to existing programs.
Preliminary Proposal Preparation Instructions:
Preliminary proposals must be submitted via FastLane in accordance with the instructions below. Preliminary proposals that are not compliant with this solicitation will be returned without review. It is the submitting organization's responsibility to ensure that the proposal is compliant with all applicable requirements. If there are multiple universities involved in a preliminary proposal, it must be submitted as a single proposal and not as multiple collaborative proposals. Preliminary proposals must contain the items listed below and strictly adhere to the specified page limitations. No additional information may be provided as an appendix or by links to web pages. Figures and tables must be included within the applicable page limit. All elements of the proposal, including legends and tables, must meet all formatting requirements for font size and characters per inch as specified in the NSF Grant Proposal Guide (GPG).
Preliminary proposals must include the following items:
Cover Sheet: Select the EFRI program solicitation number from the pull down list. Check the box indicated for preliminary proposal. Entries on the cover sheet are limited to the principal investigator and a maximum of four co-principal investigators. A minimum of two co-principal investigators must participate. Additional project leaders or senior personnel should be listed on the project summary page and entered into FastLane as senior investigators.
Title of Proposed Project: The title for the proposed EFRI project must begin, as appropriate, with either "EFRI-BioFlex Preliminary Proposal:" or "EFRI-ODISSEI Preliminary Proposal:" or "EFRI-PSBR Preliminary Proposal:". The title must state clearly and succinctly the major emerging frontier in research and innovation that is the focus for the project.
Project Summary: The project summary may not be more than one page in length and must consist of three parts:
Proposals that do not separately address in the project summary both intellectual merit and broader impacts will be returned without review.
Project Description. Project description of the preliminary proposal is limited to five pages and will include the following three sections:
References Cited. Indicate with an asterisk any cited publications that resulted from prior research funded by NSF for the PI, or co-PI (s).
Biographical sketches. The standard NSF two-page biographical sketches must be prepared for the PI, co-PIs and other senior personnel listed on the project summary page.
Current and Pending Support for the PI, co-PIs, and senior personnel must be included.
Budget: The preliminary proposal will include a budget for each of the four years proposed. FastLane will automatically provide a cumulative budget. Preliminary proposals should not include any subcontracts. However, the budget justification should include planned levels for subcontracts to any partner institution. Enter the anticipated total level of subcontract support on line G5, Subawards.
In the Supplementary Documentation section, include the following:
In addition to the FastLane instructions, the proposers must send the following two documents via email immediately after submission of their proposal. After receipt of the proposal number from FastLane, send an email to: firstname.lastname@example.com. The subject heading of the email should note the proposal number and the lead institution. Attach the following documents prepared on templates that will be available at https://www.nsf.gov/eng/efri:
Remember to email these two documents to: email@example.com; do not use FastLane.
Full Proposal Preparation Instructions: Proposers may opt to submit proposals in response to this Program Solicitation via Grants.gov or via the NSF FastLane system.
Based on the review of preliminary proposals, a limited number of PIs will be invited to submit a full proposal. If multiple universities are involved in an invited full proposal, it must be submitted as a single full proposal, and not as multiple collaborative proposals.
The review of invited full proposals will include both ad hoc and panel reviews. The following exceptions and additions to the GPG apply to full proposals submitted to this Program:
Full proposals will be accepted only from PIs who have submitted preliminary proposals in the current review cycle. Submission of full proposals by PIs whose preliminary proposals received a review recommendation of 'Not Invited' will be returned without review.
Cover Sheet: Select the EFRI program solicitation number from the pull down list. Check the box indicated for full proposal. Entries on the cover sheet are limited to the principal investigator and a maximum of four co-principal investigators. Additional project leaders or senior personnel should be listed on the project summary page and entered into FastLane as senior investigators.
Title of Proposed Project: The title for the proposed EFRI project must begin with "EFRI-BioFlex:" or "EFRI-ODISSEI:" or "EFRI-PSBR:", as appropriate. The title must state clearly and succinctly the major emerging frontier in research and innovation that is the focus for the project.
Project Summary (one-page limit): The Project Summary consists of an overview, a statement on the intellectual merit of the proposed activity, and a statement on the broader impacts of the proposed activity. Provide the following information:
Proposals that do not contain the Project Summary, including an overview and separate statements on intellectual merit and broader impacts will not be accepted by FastLane or will be returned without review.
Project Description (maximum 15 pages) must include the following subsections:
References Cited. Indicate with an asterisk any cited publications that resulted from prior research funded by NSF for the PI, or co-PI(s).
Biographical Sketches for key personnel (PI, co-PIs, and each of the senior personnel listed on the Project Summary page). Use the standard format.
Current and Pending Support information must be provided for the PI and each of the co-PIs and Senior Personnel listed in the Project Summary page.
Budget. Develop a realistic project budget that is consistent with the proposed activities. Provide detailed budget justifications separately for the lead institution's budget (up to three pages of budget justification), and for each subawardee budget (up to three pages of budget justification for each subaward). Proposed budgets must include funds for travel by at least one PI and at least one graduate student to attend an annual EFRI grantees' meeting.
Facilities and Equipment: Provide a description of available facilities and priorities for its use, if applicable. For EFRI projects requiring additional equipment, justify the need for these resources in the context of the innovative work proposed.
In the Supplementary Documentation section, include the following:
In addition, the proposers must send the following two documents via email immediately after submission of their proposal. After receipt of the proposal number from FastLane, send an email to: firstname.lastname@example.com. The subject heading of the email should note the proposal number and the lead institution. Attach the following documents prepared on templates that will be available at https://www.nsf.gov/eng/efri:
Remember to email these two documents to: email@example.com; do not use FastLane. Please submit these documents even if the information has not changed since submission of the preliminary proposal.
Pre-submission Check List
This checklist is provided to aid in the preparation of the proposal, the burden to ensure that the proposal is complete and meets all of the solicitation requirements remains with the Principal Investigator.
Cost Sharing: Inclusion of voluntary committed cost sharing is prohibited
September 06, 2012
October 10, 2012
February 08, 2013
For Proposals Submitted Via FastLane:
Detailed technical instructions regarding the technical aspects of preparation and submission via FastLane are available at: https://www.fastlane.nsf.gov/a1/newstan.htm. For FastLane user support, call the FastLane Help Desk at 1-800-673-6188 or e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com. The FastLane Help Desk answers general technical questions related to the use of the FastLane system. Specific questions related to this program solicitation should be referred to the NSF program staff contact(s) listed in Section VIII of this funding opportunity.
Submission of Electronically Signed Cover Sheets. The Authorized Organizational Representative (AOR) must electronically sign the proposal Cover Sheet to submit the required proposal certifications (see Chapter II, Section C of the Grant Proposal Guide for a listing of the certifications). The AOR must provide the required electronic certifications within five working days following the electronic submission of the proposal. Further instructions regarding this process are available on the FastLane Website at: https://www.fastlane.nsf.gov/fastlane.jsp.
Before using Grants.gov for the first time, each organization must register to create an institutional profile. Once registered, the applicant's organization can then apply for any federal grant on the Grants.gov website. Comprehensive information about using Grants.gov is available on the Grants.gov Applicant Resources webpage: http://www07.grants.gov/applicants/app_help_reso.jsp. In addition, the NSF Grants.gov Application Guide provides additional technical guidance regarding preparation of proposals via Grants.gov. For Grants.gov user support, contact the Grants.gov Contact Center at 1-800-518-4726 or by email: firstname.lastname@example.com. The Grants.gov Contact Center answers general technical questions related to the use of Grants.gov. Specific questions related to this program solicitation should be referred to the NSF program staff contact(s) listed in Section VIII of this solicitation.
Submitting the Proposal: Once all documents have been completed, the Authorized Organizational Representative (AOR) must submit the application to Grants.gov and verify the desired funding opportunity and agency to which the application is submitted. The AOR must then sign and submit the application to Grants.gov. The completed application will be transferred to the NSF FastLane system for further processing.
Proposals received by NSF are assigned to the appropriate NSF program for acknowledgement and, if they meet NSF requirements, for review. All proposals are carefully reviewed by a scientist, engineer, or educator serving as an NSF Program Officer, and usually by three to ten other persons outside NSF either as ad hoc reviewers, panelists, or both, who are experts in the particular fields represented by the proposal. These reviewers are selected by Program Officers charged with oversight of the review process. Proposers are invited to suggest names of persons they believe are especially well qualified to review the proposal and/or persons they would prefer not review the proposal. These suggestions may serve as one source in the reviewer selection process at the Program Officer's discretion. Submission of such names, however, is optional. Care is taken to ensure that reviewers have no conflicts of interest with the proposal. In addition, Program Officers may obtain comments from site visits before recommending final action on proposals. Senior NSF staff further review recommendations for awards. A flowchart that depicts the entire NSF proposal and award process (and associated timeline) is included in the GPG as Exhibit III-1.
A comprehensive description of the Foundation's merit review process is available on the NSF website at: https://www.nsf.gov/bfa/dias/policy/meritreview/.
Proposers should also be aware of core strategies that are essential to the fulfillment of NSF's mission, as articulated in Empowering the Nation Through Discovery and Innovation: NSF Strategic Plan for Fiscal Years (FY) 2011-2016. These strategies are integrated in the program planning and implementation process, of which proposal review is one part. NSF's mission is particularly well-implemented through the integration of research and education and broadening participation in NSF programs, projects, and activities.
One of the core strategies in support of NSF's mission is to foster integration of research and education through the programs, projects and activities it supports at academic and research institutions. These institutions provide abundant opportunities where individuals may concurrently assume responsibilities as researchers, educators, and students, and where all can engage in joint efforts that infuse education with the excitement of discovery and enrich research through the variety of learning perspectives.
Another core strategy in support of NSF's mission is broadening opportunities and expanding participation of groups, institutions, and geographic regions that are underrepresented in STEM disciplines, which is essential to the health and vitality of science and engineering. NSF is committed to this principle of diversity and deems it central to the programs, projects, and activities it considers and supports.
The National Science Foundation strives to invest in a robust and diverse portfolio of projects that creates new knowledge and enables breakthroughs in understanding across all areas of science and engineering research and education. To identify which projects to support, NSF relies on a merit review process that incorporates consideration of both the technical aspects of a proposed project and its potential to contribute more broadly to advancing NSF's mission "to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense; and for other purposes." NSF makes every effort to conduct a fair, competitive, transparent merit review process for the selection of projects.
1. Merit Review Principles
These principles are to be given due diligence by PIs and organizations when preparing proposals and managing projects, by reviewers when reading and evaluating proposals, and by NSF program staff when determining whether or not to recommend proposals for funding and while overseeing awards. Given that NSF is the primary federal agency charged with nurturing and supporting excellence in basic research and education, the following three principles apply:
With respect to the third principle, even if assessment of Broader Impacts outcomes for particular projects is done at an aggregated level, PIs are expected to be accountable for carrying out the activities described in the funded project. Thus, individual projects should include clearly stated goals, specific descriptions of the activities that the PI intends to do, and a plan in place to document the outputs of those activities.
These three merit review principles provide the basis for the merit review criteria, as well as a context within which the users of the criteria can better understand their intent.
2. Merit Review Criteria
All NSF proposals are evaluated through use of the two National Science Board approved merit review criteria. In some instances, however, NSF will employ additional criteria as required to highlight the specific objectives of certain programs and activities.
The two merit review criteria are listed below. Both criteria are to be given full consideration during the review and decision-making processes; each criterion is necessary but neither, by itself, is sufficient. Therefore, proposers must fully address both criteria. (GPG Chapter II.C.2.d.i. contains additional information for use by proposers in development of the Project Description section of the proposal.) Reviewers are strongly encouraged to review the criteria, including GPG Chapter II.C.2.d.i., prior to the review of a proposal.
When evaluating NSF proposals, reviewers will be asked to consider what the proposers want to do, why they want to do it, how they plan to do it, how they will know if they succeed, and what benefits could accrue if the project is successful. These issues apply both to the technical aspects of the proposal and the way in which the project may make broader contributions. To that end, reviewers will be asked to evaluate all proposals against two criteria:
The following elements should be considered in the review for both criteria:
Broader impacts may be accomplished through the research itself, through the activities that are directly related to specific research projects, or through activities that are supported by, but are complementary to, the project. NSF values the advancement of scientific knowledge and activities that contribute to achievement of societally relevant outcomes. Such outcomes include, but are not limited to: full participation of women, persons with disabilities, and underrepresented minorities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM); improved STEM education and educator development at any level; increased public scientific literacy and public engagement with science and technology; improved well-being of individuals in society; development of a diverse, globally competitive STEM workforce; increased partnerships between academia, industry, and others; improved national security; increased economic competitiveness of the United States; and enhanced infrastructure for research and education.
Proposers are reminded that reviewers will also be asked to review the Data Management Plan and the Postdoctoral Researcher Mentoring Plan, as appropriate.
Additional Solicitation Specific Review Criteria
In addition to the two NSF review criteria (intellectual merit and broader impacts), the following criteria will be used in the review of all EFRI proposals:
Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation will be reviewed by Ad hoc Review and/or Panel Review.
Reviewers will be asked to formulate a recommendation to either support or decline each proposal. The Program Officer assigned to manage the proposal's review will consider the advice of reviewers and will formulate a recommendation.
After scientific, technical and programmatic review and consideration of appropriate factors, the NSF Program Officer recommends to the cognizant Division Director whether the proposal should be declined or recommended for award. NSF is striving to be able to tell applicants whether their proposals have been declined or recommended for funding within six months. The time interval begins on the date of receipt. The interval ends when the Division Director accepts the Program Officer's recommendation.
A summary rating and accompanying narrative will be completed and submitted by each reviewer. In all cases, reviews are treated as confidential documents. Verbatim copies of reviews, excluding the names of the reviewers, are sent to the Principal Investigator/Project Director by the Program Officer. In addition, the proposer will receive an explanation of the decision to award or decline funding.
In developing its recommendations for awards, review panels as well as NSF staff will consider: the relative merit of the EFRI proposals using the criteria listed above, the potential national impact of the proposed activity, the balance of awards among scientific fields, geographical distribution, and the combined ability of the proposals to meet the objectives of the EFRI Office. The EFRI Office will not normally award more than one proposal from any one lead institution in this competition.
In all cases, after programmatic approval has been obtained, the proposals recommended for funding will be forwarded to the Division of Grants and Agreements for review of business, financial, and policy implications and the processing and issuance of a grant or other agreement. Proposers are cautioned that only a Grants and Agreements Officer may make commitments, obligations or awards on behalf of NSF or authorize the expenditure of funds. No commitment on the part of NSF should be inferred from technical or budgetary discussions with a NSF Program Officer. A Principal Investigator or organization that makes financial or personnel commitments in the absence of a grant or cooperative agreement signed by the NSF Grants and Agreements Officer does so at their own risk.
Notification of the award is made to the submitting organization by a Grants Officer in the Division of Grants and Agreements. Organizations whose proposals are declined will be advised as promptly as possible by the cognizant NSF Program administering the program. Verbatim copies of reviews, not including the identity of the reviewer, will be provided automatically to the Principal Investigator. (See Section VI.B. for additional information on the review process.)
An NSF award consists of: (1) the award letter, which includes any special provisions applicable to the award and any numbered amendments thereto; (2) the budget, which indicates the amounts, by categories of expense, on which NSF has based its support (or otherwise communicates any specific approvals or disapprovals of proposed expenditures); (3) the proposal referenced in the award letter; (4) the applicable award conditions, such as Grant General Conditions (GC-1); * or Research Terms and Conditions * and (5) any announcement or other NSF issuance that may be incorporated by reference in the award letter. Cooperative agreements also are administered in accordance with NSF Cooperative Agreement Financial and Administrative Terms and Conditions (CA-FATC) and the applicable Programmatic Terms and Conditions. NSF awards are electronically signed by an NSF Grants and Agreements Officer and transmitted electronically to the organization via e-mail.
*These documents may be accessed electronically on NSF's Website at https://www.nsf.gov/awards/managing/award_conditions.jsp?org=NSF. Paper copies may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-7827 or by e-mail from email@example.com.
More comprehensive information on NSF Award Conditions and other important information on the administration of NSF awards is contained in the NSF Award & Administration Guide (AAG) Chapter II, available electronically on the NSF Website at https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=aag.
Special Award Conditions: Awardees must include in the proposal budget funds for travel by PI and one researcher or a student to attend an annual EFRI grantees' meeting.
For all multi-year grants (including both standard and continuing grants), the Principal Investigator must submit an annual project report to the cognizant Program Officer at least 90 days prior to the end of the current budget period. (Some programs or awards require submission of more frequent project reports). Within 90 days following expiration of a grant, the PI also is required to submit a final project report, and a project outcomes report for the general public.
Failure to provide the required annual or final project reports, or the project outcomes report, will delay NSF review and processing of any future funding increments as well as any pending proposals for all identified PIs and co-PIs on a given award. PIs should examine the formats of the required reports in advance to assure availability of required data.
PIs are required to use NSF's electronic project-reporting system, available through Research.gov, for preparation and submission of annual and final project reports. Such reports provide information on accomplishments, project participants (individual and organizational), publications, and other specific products and impacts of the project. Submission of the report via Research.gov constitutes certification by the PI that the contents of the report are accurate and complete. The project outcomes report also must be prepared and submitted using Research.gov. This report serves as a brief summary, prepared specifically for the public, of the nature and outcomes of the project. This report will be posted on the NSF website exactly as it is submitted by the PI.
More comprehensive information on NSF Reporting Requirements and other important information on the administration of NSF awards is contained in the NSF Award & Administration Guide (AAG) Chapter II, available electronically on the NSF Website at https://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=aag.
Awardees will be required to attend and present their research results and plans annually at an annual EFRI grantees' conference for the duration for their award.
Please note that the program contact information is current at the time of publishing. See program website for any updates to the points of contact.
General inquiries regarding this program should be made to:
Sohi Rastegar, Director, Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI), 505, telephone: (703) 292-8305, email: email@example.com
Garie Fordyce, Program Manager, Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Engineering, telephone: (703) 292-4603, email: email@example.com
TOPIC 1: Flexible Bioelectronics Systems, (BioFlex), telephone: (703) 292-8339, email: email@example.com
Usha Varshney, BioFlex Coordinator / Program Director, NSF/ENG/ECCS, telephone: (703) 292-8339, email: email@example.com
Leon Esterowitz, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-7942, email: email@example.com
TOPIC 2: Origami Design for Integration of Self-, assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI), telephone: see below, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Clark Cooper, ODISSEI Coordinator / Program Director, NSF/ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-7899, email: email@example.com
Christina L. Bloebaum, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-8611, email: email@example.com
TOPIC 3: Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR), PSBR Coordinator / Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-4997, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
George Antos, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-4997, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Bruce K. Hamilton, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-8320, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Ram Gupta, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-2407, email: email@example.com
For questions related to the use of FastLane, contact:
Johnetta E. Lee, Program Specialist, NSF/ENG/EFRI, telephone: (703) 292-8305, email: email@example.com
For questions relating to Grants.gov contact:
The following Program Officers may also be contacted for content specific questions on the three EFRI 2012 topics
TOPIC 1: Flexible Bioelectronics Systems, (BioFlex)
Usha Varshney, BioFlex Coordinator / Program Director, NSF/ENG/ECCS, telephone: (703) 292-8339, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Leon Esterowitz, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-7942, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Ruth Shuman, Program Director, NSF /ENG/IIP, telephone: (703) 292-2160, email: email@example.com
Bruce Kramer, Senior Advisor, NSF/ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-5348, email: email@example.com
TOPIC 2: Origami Design for Integration of Self-assembling Systems for Engineering Innovation (ODISSEI)
Clark Cooper, ODISSEI Coordinator / Program Director, NSF/ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-7899, email: email@example.com
Christina L. Bloebaum, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-8611, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Martin Dunn, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CMMI, telephone: (703) 292-7060, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Joseph A. Akkara, Program Director, NSF/MPS/DMR, telephone: (703) 292-4946, email: email@example.com
David A. Brant, Program Director, NSF/MPS/DMR, telephone: (703) 292-4941, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Theresa A. Good, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-7029, email: email@example.com
Junping Wang, Program Director, NSF/MPS/DMS, telephone: (703) 292-4488, email: email@example.com
Fariba Fahroo, Program Manager, USAF/AFOSR/RSL, telephone: (703) 696-8429, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Joycelyn Harrison, Program Manager, USAF/AFOSR/RSL, telephone: (703) 696-6225, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Douglas Smith, Program Manager, USAF/AFRL/AFOSR, telephone: (703) 696-6219, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
David Stargel, Program Manager, USAF/AFRL/AFOSR, telephone: (703) 696-6961, email: email@example.com
TOPIC 3: Photosynthetic Biorefineries (PSBR)
George Antos, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-4997, email: email@example.com
Ram Gupta, Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-2407, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Bruce K. Hamilton, PSBR Coordinator / Program Director, NSF/ENG/CBET, telephone: (703) 292-8320, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Susanne von Bodman, Program Director, NSF/BIO/MCB, telephone: (703) 292-8440, email: email@example.com
Gregory Warr, Program Director, NSF/BIO/MCB, telephone: (703) 292-8440, email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Paul Werbos, Program Director, NSF/ENG/ECCS, telephone: (703) 292-8339, email: email@example.com
The NSF Website provides the most comprehensive source of information on NSF Directorates (including contact information), programs and funding opportunities. Use of this Website by potential proposers is strongly encouraged. In addition, National Science Foundation Update is a free e-mail subscription service designed to keep potential proposers and other interested parties apprised of new NSF funding opportunities and publications, important changes in proposal and award policies and procedures, and upcoming NSF Regional Grants Conferences. Subscribers are informed through e-mail when new publications are issued that match their identified interests. Users can subscribe to this service by clicking the "Get NSF Updates by Email" link on the NSF web site.
Grants.gov provides an additional electronic capability to search for Federal government-wide grant opportunities. NSF funding opportunities may be accessed via this new mechanism. Further information on Grants.gov may be obtained at http://www.grants.gov.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent Federal agency created by the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended (42 USC 1861-75). The Act states the purpose of the NSF is "to promote the progress of science; [and] to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare by supporting research and education in all fields of science and engineering."
NSF funds research and education in most fields of science and engineering. It does this through grants and cooperative agreements to more than 2,000 colleges, universities, K-12 school systems, businesses, informal science organizations and other research organizations throughout the US. The Foundation accounts for about one-fourth of Federal support to academic institutions for basic research.
NSF receives approximately 55,000 proposals each year for research, education and training projects, of which approximately 11,000 are funded. In addition, the Foundation receives several thousand applications for graduate and postdoctoral fellowships. The agency operates no laboratories itself but does support National Research Centers, user facilities, certain oceanographic vessels and Arctic and Antarctic research stations. The Foundation also supports cooperative research between universities and industry, US participation in international scientific and engineering efforts, and educational activities at every academic level.
Facilitation Awards for Scientists and Engineers with Disabilities provide funding for special assistance or equipment to enable persons with disabilities to work on NSF-supported projects. See Grant Proposal Guide Chapter II, Section D.2 for instructions regarding preparation of these types of proposals.
The National Science Foundation has Telephonic Device for the Deaf (TDD) and Federal Information Relay Service (FIRS) capabilities that enable individuals with hearing impairments to communicate with the Foundation about NSF programs, employment or general information. TDD may be accessed at (703) 292-5090 and (800) 281-8749, FIRS at (800) 877-8339.
The National Science Foundation Information Center may be reached at (703) 292-5111.
The National Science Foundation promotes and advances scientific progress in the United States by competitively awarding grants and cooperative agreements for research and education in the sciences, mathematics, and engineering.
To get the latest information about program deadlines, to download copies of NSF publications, and to access abstracts of awards, visit the NSF Website at https://www.nsf.gov
The information requested on proposal forms and project reports is solicited under the authority of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended. The information on proposal forms will be used in connection with the selection of qualified proposals; and project reports submitted by awardees will be used for program evaluation and reporting within the Executive Branch and to Congress. The information requested may be disclosed to qualified reviewers and staff assistants as part of the proposal review process; to proposer institutions/grantees to provide or obtain data regarding the proposal review process, award decisions, or the administration of awards; to government contractors, experts, volunteers and researchers and educators as necessary to complete assigned work; to other government agencies or other entities needing information regarding applicants or nominees as part of a joint application review process, or in order to coordinate programs or policy; and to another Federal agency, court, or party in a court or Federal administrative proceeding if the government is a party. Information about Principal Investigators may be added to the Reviewer file and used to select potential candidates to serve as peer reviewers or advisory committee members. See Systems of Records, NSF-50, "Principal Investigator/Proposal File and Associated Records," 69 Federal Register 26410 (May 12, 2004), and NSF-51, "Reviewer/Proposal File and Associated Records," 69 Federal Register 26410 (May 12, 2004). Submission of the information is voluntary. Failure to provide full and complete information, however, may reduce the possibility of receiving an award.
An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, an information collection unless it displays a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The OMB control number for this collection is 3145-0058. Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 120 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions. Send comments regarding the burden estimate and any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to:
Suzanne H. Plimpton
Reports Clearance Officer
Division of Administrative Services
National Science Foundation
Arlington, VA 22230
The National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, Virginia 22230, USA


text:
Just a quick XNA based update from me-- my game MegaCity is now available on Windows Phone:
Description below:
"going to make the hours melt away." 9/10 - 148Apps
MegaCity is a highly original, easy-to-learn but hard-to-master 'one-more-go' style puzzle game!
Place requested buildings in the queue to earn points, but watch out: Nobody wants to live next to a landfill site or industrial estate! Everybody wants a nice park or shcool nearby, but the city's budget is limited.
This is where you come in. Megacity is a game of planning and thinking ahead to squeeze the most points of out your citizens by clever town planning. And if it all goes wrong, it's their fault for electing you mayor, right?
Place building tiles on the grid to play the game; but each tile has a different positive or negative effect on it's surroundings. Once a column has the required number of points, the game advances, giving you more room to build.
It's Tetris meets Sim City! Critically well reviewed on every platform, if you haven't played it yet- what are you waiting for?!
-Dozens of different buildings
-10 unlockable buildings
-Local & online high scores
-George Gershwin Soundtrack

subset: commoncrawl


text:
15 Key Resources to Learn Django
Learning Python and Django is easy if you have the right resources at your fingertips.
Coming from pretty much only having studied programming in school, I started working as a developer at Yipit with almost no web programming experience. In a little fewer than ten weeks, I've become comfortable navigating and making large changes to the whole Python/Django application code as well as contributing new features (interested in learning Django at Yipit? Join us!).
While the learning process wasn't gut-wrenching, I certainly ran into some hefty roadblocks that would have been almost insurmountable had coworkers not pointed me to the resources below:
Comparing Python to Other Languages
If you know another programming language already, you can easily leverage that knowledge by finding out the differences between Python and that other language, and then by focusing in on learning those differences.
1. Python & Java - A Side by Side Comparison I knew enough Java already from college, and doing some quick reading online saved me a lot of time. I would highly recommend reading this article if you know Java already. It helped me form a mental road-map of what areas to focus on.
2. Also, the Python wiki has a good collection of comparisons of Python to other programming languages.
Python Style
Learning Python syntax is one thing, learning "Pythonic" style is quite another. Regardless of whether you end up coding like this, it's at least a good idea to understand what is idiomatic – it can save you time when reading other people's code.
3. Code Like A Pythonista by David Goodger– This article gives a good rundown of how to write readable and stylistic Python code that takes advantage of the dynamic features of the language.
4. Google Python Style Guide – Some good standard practices.
Advanced Python Features
Certain programming concepts in Python just don't exist in Java, for instance closures and meta-programming, and they were a bit tough for me to pick up. The following articles gave me a good deal of insight into these concepts.
5. What Is A Metaclass in Python - A detailed explanation of a pretty tough topic in Python. Django uses quite a bit of metaclasses, and if you get a solid grasp on metaclasses, you'll save yourself a lot of time going through models and forms.
6. Hidden Features of Python - A great compilation of answers on Stack Overflow.
7. A Few of My Favorite Python Things - An opinionated walk-through some of the cool features of Python
Python/Django Tutorials
For a more complete introduction, the following tutorials will bring you up to speed and are a good review if you know some programming already. The important thing is to give the exercises a try.
8. Google's Python Class - A colleague of mine who also just recently started programming in Python recommends this resource as a quick way to jump into Python programming which has a great mix of video lectures and notes and practical examples.
9. Writing your first Django app on djangoprojects - This canonical tutorial on Django that lets you get your hands dirty and set up a Django project.
Best of Django Documentation
While reading documentation isn't the most glamorous endeavor in the world, a few sections of Django's documentation are worth reading for themselves.
10. Managers / Querysets - These sections give a good deal of insight into how Django interacts with relational databases, which seems quite magical. Just always be mindful of the actual queries you're sending out or else they'll come back to bite you hard.
11. Request-Response / User - If you've never worked with an HTTP request, these sections are very helpful as an introduction. Also, the notion of a User along with all the authentication that goes with it come free with Django. Lucky you.
12. Views / Templates - A good introduction on how the application-level code connects to the client-side HTML/JS/CSS code.
Reading Code from Successful Django Sites
Everything said and done, there's not a great substitute for reading code. I read through most of Yipit's codebase to get a sense for how Django is used in a production environment. You might not have access to such a codebase, however, you can find a plethora of Django-powered sites that have open-sourced their codebase.
13. Django Sites - A great resource for access to dozens of sites that have their source open for you to browse through.
Python Tools
Having the right tools at your disposal can make your life a lot easier by saving you hours of going down the wrong path. However, especially when debugging, I've found that the best thing to have is a healthy skepticism for your own code.
14. IPython - Although not specific to Django, IPython is a huge improvement over the standard Python shell. With its tab complete feature, it saves me a few extra seconds of distraction whenever I can't remember a function or module name.
15. PDB / iPDB - The Python debugger tool has been incredibly helpful to me when going through a new piece of code. It gives you the power to stop code at arbitrary points and inspect the variables at those points. iPDB gives you the power of PDB along with the features of iPython.
These fifteen resources really got me going with Django. And while I'm no Django pro just yet, I still think how amazing it is that I picked up so much knowledge in just a short span of time.
Mingwei Gu is a Developer at Yipit. @mwgu


text:
|A Winp in GTA London 1961.
|GTA London 1961
|Vehicle type
|Civilian car
|Body style
|2-door saloon
The Winp is a compact two-door car in Grand Theft Auto: London 1961.
The Winp is based in both design and name as a Hillman Imp saloon, which would be anachronistic as production of the Imp only began in 1963, two years after GTA London 1961's setting. The car is only available in blue.
Similar to the S-Cart in GTA London 1969, the Winp features average but generally acceptable performance. The Winp's top speed is slightly more improved over that of the S-Cart, and has better grip; otherwise, the car shares similar traits as the S-Cart, with moderately light weight, average acceleration, average braking, average handling, and an average base export value of £800 (mint condition).


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