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- c1949-1970 (Creation)
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1 drawing
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William Alexander Kidd was born in Greenock in 1879, the son of William Kidd, ironmonger and his wife Margaret Colquhoun Barr. He joined the practice of James Salmon & Son in 1898 as an apprentice and studied at Glasgow School of art from that year until 1902, also attending classes at the Glasgow & West of Scotland Technical College. He became chief draughtsman in the Salmon practice sometime before 1911, by which time the firm had become Salmon Son & Gillespie. He remained with John Gaff Gillespie after the latter took charge of the practice following the death of William Forrest Salmon, and Gillespie took him into partnership in 1918. When Gillespie died on 7 May 1926, leaving estate of £1,950 4s 11d to his wife Agnes, Kidd was his executor and became sole partner.
Jack Antonio Coia (born 1898) had been taken on by Gillespie as an apprentice in October 1915 at a salary of 4 shillings a week with no demand for a premium, and had subsequently worked with Alexander Nisbet Paterson and Alexander Hislop in Glasgow, and with Herbert A Welch and Hollis in London, before returning to Glasgow in 1927. On hearing he was back in Glasgow, Kidd appealed to him to return to assist in the reconstruction of the Smith warehouse as the Ca' d'Oro, for which Gillespie had left only sketch designs. Kidd died in 1928 while the work was in progress and Coia inherited the practice, which now became Gillespie Kidd and Coia, but there was little business apart from the fitting of Leon's shop at 89 St Vincent Street, and Coia joined the teaching staff of Glasgow School of Art.
In 1931 Coia approached Archbishop Donald Mackintosh for work on the programme of church extension then planned. This resulted in a series of important brick-built church commissions of continental inspiration and in about 1938, his senior assistant T Warnett Kennedy was taken into partnership. Kennedy was born c.1913 and articled to Coia in about 1927, after a brief spell with James Austen Laird. He returned to Coia thereafter, and remained with him apart from a short period with Honeyman and Jack. As a student he had been editor of the magazine 'Vista' published quarterly which included articles by Hans Poelzig, Ragnar Ostberg, R H Wilenski and other major names of the 1930s. Coia and Kennedy worked closely together but in Kennedy's words 'Jack thought with his fingers. He sketched at lightning speed. I pontificated on the emergence of abstract art … During the 1938 British Empire Exhibition we slept on the floor of the office an average of three nights a week.'
In 1939 Coia married Eden Bernard. Earlier in the same year he was commissioned to design Knightswood Secondary School and complete Gillespie's Municipal Buildings at Stirling but both these projects were cancelled. When Italy entered the war in 1940, Coia briefly lost control of his office and practice at 239 St Vincent Street. The Salmon Son & Gillespie records were lost to salvage at that point but he did manage to retain those relating to his own practice from 1927. He quickly re-established himself under the same practice title at 199 Bath Street. Although admitted FRIBA on 20 May 1941, lack of business obliged him to retrench, combining house and office at 7 Hamilton Drive. In the later war years his income came mainly from work in the family café, such free time as he had being spent on obtaining a degree in town planning.
In 1945 Sam Bunton asked Coia to help with repairing war damage in Clydebank, Kennedy having earlier been asked to help at Dumbarton. This enabled him to restart the practice, taking on as apprentice Isi Metzstein, who was a refugee, and for a time his own brother John. In 1948 the practice moved out of Hamilton Drive to 19 Waterloo Street and in 1954 Andrew MacMillan joined the practice from East Kilbride Development Corporation. In 1956 both house and office moved to 20 Park Circus, and in the course of the move a burst water pipe destroyed most of the practice drawings. (At this time John Peter Coia, Jack's much younger brother, was working in the practice, having undertaken his apprenticeship there from 1933 to 1938.) Thereafter Metzstein and MacMillan undertook most of the design work. The last important building in which Coia had a major hand was St Charles, Kelvinside, where his design was developed by Andrew MacMillan and Joe Taylor.
Coia was elected ARSA in 1954 and full academician in 1962. He was appointed CBE in 1967 and awarded the Royal Gold Medal in 1969 followed by honorary degrees from the universities of Glasgow (1970) and Strathclyde (1976). In person he was in Patrick Nuttgens's words 'small, intense, unkempt, angry and bloody-minded', mainly as a result of wartime experiences and the post-war decision not to complete the Stirling Municipal Buildings as Gillespie had designed them. The poverty of contemporary architecture, dissatisfaction with the competition system and the destruction of some of his favourite buildings also coloured his outlook in his later years, his views being trenchantly expressed at the Royal Fine Art Commission of which he was for a time a member. In his retirement he spent much of his time at Glendaruel. He died on 14 August 1981, the funeral homily being preached by his pupil Father Kenneth Nugent SJ.
Metzstein and MacMillan were to carry out most of the practice's design work from around 1957 onwards, as Coia approached retirement. Metzstein was elected a student member of the RIBA in 1957 though he does not seem to have become an Associate. MacMillan was elected ARIBA in 1963. In 1987 he is listed as being Professor in the Mackintosh School of Architecture.
Working in a bold and highly original Modernist idiom, Metzstein and MacMillan collaborated on a series of notable Roman Catholic churches between that year and 1980, of which St Bride's in East Kilbride (1963–4) is among the most remarkable. Their masterwork is considered to be St Peter's Seminary, Cardross, completed in 1966, which was to be the first modern building to be awarded Category-A listed status. They were also responsible for a series of important university buildings, including halls of residence at Hull (1963–7), additions to Wadham College, Oxford (1971–7), and Robinson College, Cambridge (1974–80). Although strongly inspired by Le Corbusier, they drew on sources as diverse as Victorian Glasgow, medieval urbanism and abstraction, and Metzstein always emphasised the importance of designing from first principles. The company was wound up in 1987.
MacMillan and Metzstein were to receive RIBA lifetime achievement awards for teaching in 2007. Metzstein died in 2012, and MacMillan passed away in 2014.
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text:
Treblinka was the extermination camp to which the Warsaw ghetto residents were sent. The camp was completely destroyed by the Nazis before the end of the War. A large memorial has been built on the site. It consists of 17,000 rocks representing lost Jewish communities.
A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust
Produced by the Florida Center for Instructional Technology,
College of Education, University of South Florida © 2005.

subset: commoncrawl


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US Airways is the latest airline to hop on the in-flight WiFi train, signing up Gogo inflight internet service to its domestic A321 fleet for next year.
Aircell to Power Gogo Inflight Internet Service
TEMPE, Ariz., July 23, 2009 - US Airways (NYSE:LCC) is turning aircraft into Wi-Fi 'hotspots' by partnering with Aircell to provide Gogo® Inflight Internet service beginning in early 2010. Full Internet access including Web, Instant Messaging, email and VPN access will be available for purchase to passengers with laptops, smartphones and other Wi-Fi enabled devices.
"Gogo Inflight Internet will allow our customers to make the most of their flying time by catching up on work or relaxing and surfing the Internet. This is an exciting new option for our passengers that we believe will enhance their travel experience," said Andrew Nocella, senior vice president, Marketing and Planning.
Gogo will initially be installed on US Airways A321 aircraft, flying select domestic routes. A map detailing those routes can be found at www.usairways.com. And later next year, customers will be able to see if Wi-Fi is available on a specific flight by looking for the Wi-Fi icon while booking their flight on usairways.com.
The pricing for Gogo Inflight Internet on US Airways will be announced closer to the launch date. Customers will be able to choose service from Aircell's standard pricing structure, which currently ranges from $5.95 to $12.95, depending on the length of flight and type of Wi-Fi enabled device used.
"Gogo is for anyone who wants to make plane time their time," said Jack Blumenstein, president and chief executive officer of Aircell. "Whether you want to stay connected to the office, your family or friends; whether you want to work, play or learn; Gogo is for you. We look forward to working with US Airways to bring the world to its passengers."
More information about US Airways' new Gogo Inflight Internet service can be found online at usairways.com and gogoinflight.com.


text:
The place where you are
In 2007, I heard a radio interview with a Chinese author who talked about visiting the mountain village where his ancestors had lived for thousands of years. When he stepped onto that soil, he knew instinctively that he was home, felt in his bones that he was where he belonged. At the time, I'd been living in Paonia, Colo., (HCN's home base) for just a few years, and I envied that author's sense of rootedness.
In the American West, most of us can't claim that long ancestral connection, can't say we've been knit into the fabric of the land for hundreds of generations. Yet many of us feel like we've earned localness, by trading love for longevity, intensity for time.
That passion for place is the subject of this special books and essays issue, and it's the theme of our first-ever student essay contest, which asked high school and college students to tell us why they feel at home in the West. "Being a Westerner is being rooted … wherever the wind blows you, you carry the West in your heart just as a seed carries the nutrients of its native soil within its shell," wrote Elle Brunsdale, a Colorado native studying at Yale University.
You can read the winning student essay on page 37. The rest of the issue is packed with similar musings from some of the West's best writers; it's a chance to slow down and reflect, discover some great new books, get to know authors you may not have heard of, savor an essay over a cup of coffee or a glass of wine.
HCN contributing editor Craig Childs takes us from the Bering Land Bridge to the desert Southwest. He visits Yup'ik Eskimos whose ancestors came to Alaska 2,000 years ago, and traces their connection to today's Navajo tribe in Arizona, considering what it means to be truly local. Boulder, Colo.-based author Hannah Nordhaus writes about her family's 150-year history in New Mexico. She discovers that much of the lore handed down to her is closer to myth -- or ghost story -- than historical fact, and ponders not only how the past links us to the places we love, but also whether those links are more imaginary than real. And HCN associate editor Sarah Gilman explores how her parents -- scientist transplants from the East -- adopted the High Plains as a sort of heart-home through 30 years of fossil-hunting treks.
The truth is, these days, most Westerners aren't born. We're made, becoming of this region in all sorts of ways that can feel just as legitimate as being raised here, or being fifth generation. As Jamie Wygle, an 11th-grader in Sun Valley, Idaho, put it in his student essay, "Over the years I realized I didn't become a Westerner, the West turned me into one."


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"An Example of the Believers"
This has been a beautiful and rewarding meeting. I endorse the counsel provided by President Howard W. Hunter and that given by each of the sisters who has addressed us. As I contemplate the vast audience assembled tonight, I ponder the words of President Heber J. Grant, who declared: "I have often felt that a photograph of our dear sisters, with the intelligent, Godlike faces they possess, would be a testimony to all the world of the integrity of our people."1
We would certainly need the widest wide-angle lens to include all of you in one photograph. Such is not available to us, but with God, all things are possible. In His infinite vision, He literally can view all of us and bless all of us. All we need do is to so live that we merit the blessings ever predicated on our faithfulness to His commandments.
Said President George Albert Smith: "I desire to impress on you daughters of God … that if this world is to endure, you must keep the faith. If this world is to be happy, you will have to set the pace for that happiness. … If we are to maintain our physical strength and mental power and spiritual joy, it will have to be on the Lord's terms." (Relief Society Magazine, Dec. 1945, p. 719.) Perhaps a young lady had this thought in mind when she spoke the feelings of her yearning heart: "What we really and truly need is less criticism and more models to follow."
Frequently we are too quick to criticize, too prone to judge, and too ready to abandon an opportunity to help, to lift, and, yes, even to save. Some point the accusing finger at the wayward or unfortunate and in derision say, "Oh, she will never change. She has always been a bad one." A few see beyond the outward appearance and recognize the true worth of a human soul. When they do, miracles occur. The downtrodden, the discouraged, the helpless become "no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God." (Eph. 2:19.) True love can alter human lives and change human nature.
This truth was portrayed so beautifully on the stage in My Fair Lady. Eliza Doolittle, the flower girl, spoke to one for whom she cared: "You see, really and truly, apart from the things anyone can pick up—the dressing and the proper way of speaking—the difference between a lady and a flower girl is not how she behaves, but how she's treated. I shall always be a flower girl to Professor Higgins because he always treats me as a flower girl and always will; but I know I can be a lady to you because you always treat me as a lady and always will."
The Apostle Paul wrote an epistle to his beloved companion Timothy in which he provided inspired counsel equally as applicable to you and me today as it was to Timothy. Listen carefully to his words: "Neglect not the gift that is in thee," "but be thou an example of the believers, in word, in conversation, in charity, in spirit, in faith, in purity." (1 Tim. 4:14, 12.)
We need not wait for a cataclysmic event, a dramatic occurrence in the world in which we live, or a special invitation to be an example—even a model to follow. Our opportunities lie before us here and now. But they are perishable. Likely they will be found in our own homes and in the everyday actions of our lives. Our Lord and Master marked the way: "[He] went about doing good." (Acts 10:38.) He in very deed was a model to follow—even an example of the believers.
Are we?
Happiness abounds when there is genuine respect one for another. Wives draw closer to their husbands, and husbands are more appreciative of their wives, and children are happy, as children are meant to be. Where there is respect in the home, children do not find themselves in that dreaded "never never land"—never the object of concern, never the recipient of proper parental guidance.
To those who are not yet married, I counsel: People who marry in the hope of forming a permanent partnership require certain skills and attitudes of mind. They must be skillful in adapting to each other. They need capacity to work out mutual problems. They need willingness to give and take in the search for harmony. They need unselfishness of the highest sort, with thought for one's partner taking the place of desire for oneself.
Many years ago I had the opportunity to deliver a commencement address to a graduating class. I had gone to the home of President Hugh B. Brown that we might drive together to the university where he was to conduct the exercises and I was to speak. As President Brown entered my car, he said, "Wait a moment." He looked toward the large bay window of his lovely home, and then I realized what he was looking for. The curtain parted, and I saw Sister Zina Brown, his beloved companion of well over fifty years, at the window, propped up in a wheelchair, waving a little white handkerchief. President Brown took from his inside coat pocket a white handkerchief, which he waved to her in return. Then, with a smile, he said to me, "Let's go."
As we drove, I asked President Brown to tell me about the sign of the white handkerchiefs. He related to me the following incident: "The first day after Sister Brown and I were married, as I went to work I heard a tap at the window, and there was Zina, waving a white handkerchief. I found mine and waved in reply. From that day until this I have never left my home without that little exchange between my wife and me. It is a symbol of our love one for another. It is an indication to one another that all will be well until we are joined together at eventide." Yes, a model to follow, "an example of the believers."
To you young women in attendance tonight, you, too, can be a model—even an example. We are all aware that we live in a time when there are those who mock virtue, who peddle pornography under the guise of art or culture, who turn a blind eye, a deaf ear, and a calloused heart to the teachings of Jesus and a code of decency. Many of our young people are tugged in the wrong direction and enticed to partake of the sins of the world. Yearningly such individuals seek for the strength of those who have the ability to stand firm for truth. Through righteous living and by extending the helping hand and the understanding heart, you can rescue, you can save. How great will then be your joy. How eternal will be the blessing you will have conferred.
Some women face illness and incapacity, even to the point of being bedfast. Even so, there is the privilege to rise above affliction and to be a true example of faith, of love, and of service. Such was the partnership of Virginia and her husband, Eugene Jelesnik. They for many years worked together in bringing the gift of song and the joy of music to thousands of servicemen and women and to audiences from stages worldwide. Then illness and advancing age forced Virginia to remain within four walls—bedfast. But her spirit could not be held hostage by an impaired body. She continued to encourage her husband and to be his inspiration and constant support. All who are the beneficiaries of Eugene's community concerts and his civic service marvel at his energy, his enthusiasm, and his kindness. In his many responsibilities, Virginia was ever a source of his strength.
While the Apostle Paul urged that we be examples of the believers, he didn't restrict the boundaries of our service or limit the extent of our influence.
In July of this year, my wife and I attended an honor banquet where individuals were recognized for their quiet service, their selfless sacrifice, their untold devotion to lifting others to a higher plane of living with no thought of aggrandizement or personal reward. One Native American lady had literally given much of her life to teaching boys and girls of her native race how to live, how to love, and how to serve. Her response when recognized for her accomplishments bespoke her humility. Quietly and sincerely, she said just two special words: "Thank you."
Another beautiful woman was honored for her caring, her serving, and her leadership. As a nurse she comforted the wounded in World War II. As a wife and partner with her husband, she built a worldwide business which blessed the lives of many. And today she, as a widow, continues daily service to her state and community. She seems to always be smiling. Perhaps this is because she has found the key to happiness. She has always been a missionary. She has ever been there when needed.
Yet another, we learned, had quietly yet effectively labored with love to ensure that the rights of abused children should not be neglected or abandoned.
There were others. All qualified for the definition of a pioneer—namely, "one who goes before, showing others the way to follow."
During the banquet and program, I sat next to a well-known personality, Flip Harmon, and his wife, Lois. Flip has been involved with the direction of the Days of '47 celebration for forty-three years, this being an annual July 24th activity in Salt Lake City. Since Flip was up and around the room fulfilling his official duties, I had the privilege of talking with Lois. She mentioned that she and family members were in attendance at every presentation of the famous rodeo which is one of the highlights of the Days of '47 celebration. Now, a rodeo is nice once in a while—but every night? I asked Lois how she endured the schedule. Her response was from the heart. "This is Flip's life, and I want to be part of it. He counts on me." The night I had attended the rodeo with Sister Monson, my Aunt Blanche (age ninety-five), and our grandchildren, Lois was surrounded by children and precious grandchildren. She was the epitome of happiness. Now, during our luncheon conversation, Lois volunteered to me a few details about her husband. She said Flip had an angel mother who prayed fervently for her sons as they served their country during wartime. When Flip returned home, he and Lois were married. A busy life and welcome children followed. Each year as their wedding anniversary approached, Flip would say to Lois, "What gift do you want for our anniversary?" Each year the answer was the same, "A temple sealing." The gift was not given.
Then one year, as the perennial question was asked, "What do you want, Lois, for our anniversary?" and the usual response was given, "To go to the temple of God together," Flip's reply was unexpected: "Fine. I'll prepare for such an event." They were sealed for time and eternity in the holy house of God on their twenty-ninth anniversary. Later, Flip served as a bishop. Each remains faithful to the other and loyal to the Lord.
As Lois continued, I noticed tears brimming in her eyes. She said, "You know Flip always wears cowboy boots. At the end of each day he would sit in the chair before the fireplace, where he would take off his boots and then read the paper. He would never put away the boots, no matter how many times I mentioned the subject. Years ago that would bother me. But not anymore. Today I just love those boots. Tender are my feelings and full is my heart as I willingly and lovingly pick them up and put them away each evening."
Now tears were brimming in my eyes. Unexpectedly, Lois Harmon was asked to come to the podium, where she was given signal honor for her silent service. A beautiful bouquet of red roses was presented to her. Flip was asked to respond. His expression was from his heart. It was as though the two of them were alone in the large hotel dining area. "Lois is the light of my life. She's my eternal partner." (The word partner seemed to fit with the cowboy boots.) "We'll be together forever." Patience was rewarded. Love was expressed. Heaven was near.
My dear sisters, young and those just a bit older, though your circumstances may differ and your opportunities may vary, you can be models to follow, even "examples of the believers."
In the Holy Temple just east of the Tabernacle on Temple Square in Salt Lake City, a beautiful tribute was paid to two of our sisters serving in the nursery. They, of course, were dressed in white, as were the children who had, that evening, been sealed to their parents. As the sisters bade their farewell to the children, one tiny girl, from a faith-filled heart, said to them, "Good night, angels." May I borrow her words and say to you sisters worldwide, "Good night, angels." In the name of Jesus Christ, amen.


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A study by University of Washington psychologists shows some people continue to drink heavily because of perceived positive effects, despite experiencing negative effects such as hangovers, fights and regrettable sexual situations.
The findings offer a new direction for programs targeting binge drinking, which tend to limit their focus to avoiding alcoholÕs ill effects rather than considering its rewards.
ÒThis study suggest why some people can experience a lot of bad consequences of drinking but not change their behavior,Ó said Kevin King, co-author and UW assistant professor of psychology.
ÒPeople think, ÔItÕs not going to happen to meÕ or ÔIÕll never drink that much again.Õ They do not seem to associate their own heavy drinking with negative consequences,Ó he said.
The paper was published online May 30 inÊPsychology of Addictive Behaviors.
Nearly 500 college students completed an online survey measuring their drinking habits during the previous year. The survey assessed how often the participants had experienced 35 different negative consequences of drinking, such as blackouts, fights, hangovers, missed classes and work, and lost or stolen belongings, as well as 14 positive effects of drinking, including better conversational and joke-telling abilities, improved sexual encounters and more energy to stay up late partying and dancing.
The researchers also measured the participantsÕ beliefs about how likely all of these drinking consequences would happen again and how positive or negative they were.
Participants rated the upsides to drinking as more positive and likely to happen in the future, a finding the researchers call Òrose-colored beer goggles.Ó
ÒItÕs as though they think that the good effects of drinking keep getting better and more likely to happen again,Ó said Diane Logan, lead author and a UW clinical psychology graduate student.
RespondentsÕ perceptions of drinkingÕs negative consequences differed according to how many bad experiences they had had. Those who experienced a small to moderate number of ill effects of drinking did not consider the experiences to be not so bad and did not think that they were any more likely to experience them again compared with students who hadnÕt experienced them.
The researchers call this cognitive-dissonance reasoning. It leads to people, on the morning after a night of heavy partying, telling themselves ÒIÕll never drink that much againÓ or ÒI threw up that one time, but thatÕs not me; I wonÕt do it again.Ó Or, it may be that once a bad consequence of drinking happens, people think that it wasnÕt really as bad as they initially thought, the researchers speculated.
But the participants reporting the most bad experiences rated the episodes as more negative and more likely to happen again. ÒUntil high levels of negative consequences are experienced, participants arenÕt deterred by the ill effects of drinking,Ó Logan said.
The findings have implications for alcohol intervention programs for college students, which tend to focus on how to avoid the negative consequences of drinking. ÒWe should take into account how people donÕt think of negative consequences as all that bad or likely to happen again,Ó Logan said, adding that factoring in how people view alcoholÕs positive effects Òmight have a bigger impactÓ on drinking habits.
She suggests a risk reduction approach by helping people reduce their drinking such that they still get some of the positive effects while avoiding many of the negative and recommends training exercises to increase social skills in the absence of alcohol.
The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism funded the study. Co-authors are Teague Henry, a UW psychology undergraduate student; Matthew Vaughn, a former UW psychology undergraduate student; and Jeremy Luk, a UW psychology graduate student.
Source: Sciencedaily
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Iridient Developer
Iridient Developer
Iridient Developer – an application developed specifically for Mac OS X, with the help of this program you can convert RAW images. Iridient Developer gives advanced photographers full control over their digital photos, but it also provides a simple batch conversion using drag and drop and access to basic settings for the average user.
Advanced Sharpening and Noise Reduction Algorithms
Iridient Developer offers SIX advanced sharpening methods, including "Iridient Reveal", a "super" sharpener utilizing aspects of both state of the art edge enhancement techniques and deconvolution, traditional unsharp masking, high pass, difference of gaussians, a unique "hybrid" sharpening algorithm and an advanced Richardson-Lucy Deconvolution based method. All are processed in a special 32 bits/channel floating point color space to avoid color artifacts and provide amazing detail. Powerful hot/dead pixel filters and new, state of the art noise reduction methods help eliminate noise, especially from images taken with long exposures or high ISO settings.
All sharpening methods also now support advanced edge masking for limiting the sharpening effect to just edge regions while leaving "flat" or low contrast areas of the image unchanged.
High Quality Image Resizing
Whether down sizing for the web or producing massive prints for gallery display, Iridient Developer offers a wide range of resizing methods that allow you fine tune the level of output to best suit your own preferences from incedibly high levels of sharpness and detail to smooth, artifact free output.
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Iridient Developer includes support for just about any camera color specification imaginable from industry standard ICC color profiles to DNG color matrix values to the latest DNG v1.4 camera profile (DCP) specification to camera manufacturer specific color metadata. Iridient Developer provides incedible control over establishing the ideal color starting point for your photos whether you want to use custom camera profiling solutions or simply to match a color look provided by the camera manufacturer or just about any other RAW processing software.
Extensive Image Adjustment Options
You're in total control of every step of the conversion process, fully editable tone curves in RAW, RGB and LAB color spaces, advanced highlight recovery, white balancing, noise reduction, sharpening, exposure compensation, brightness, contrast, saturation and more.
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High quality black and white conversion options including direct access to RAW image color planes, standard RGB channel mixers, perceptual LAB lightness based conversion, luma, desaturation, intensity, custom duotones and other toning options including curves.
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RAW developer allows you to view and make all image adjustments while viewing a full resolution, fully color managed, 16 bit per channel preview.
Advanced Histogram View
Supports 256, 512 or an extra wide 1024 levels of detail. Viewing modes include RGB, individual R, G, B channels, all three colors at once, CIE Lightness, CIE Luminance, CIE Chroma (ab), luminosity, hue and saturation.
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Support for two high quality color management engine options including Apple's ColorSync and LittleCMS 2.6 which includes full support for the latest ICC v4.3 standard. Ability to specify camera or image specific input profiles, RGB working space profiles for image adjustments and final image output profiles. Automatic support for LAB and chroma color space curves without any manual color space changes.
Unlimited batch processing
You can continue making image adjustments while other images are converted in the background. Supports, easy drag and drop image conversion with flexible file naming options and support for multiple file formats including JPEG, TIFF, PNG, JPEG2000 and more.
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Iridient Developer takes full advantage of multi-core and multi processor systems and the advanced vector processing capabilities of Intel processors. Highly optimized for all the latest and greatest Mac OS X technologies including Grand Central Dispatch (GCD), 64-bit processing, Core Image, Quartz Extreme and more. All image processing is handled by secondary threads so your real time editing work is never blocked waiting for export processing to complete.
Support for IPTC, XMP and EXIF v2.3 metadata
EXIF, IPTC and XMP metadata is supported when exporting to TIFF, PNG or JPEG image formats.
"Processing Disabled" Output Mode
Ability to bypass all image adjustments and all color matching operations for fast, high quality export of linear files intended for further processing with other image processing programs or RAW workflows. Also useful for creating non-color matched output for use in generating custom camera or scene profiles with ICC camera profiling software.
Also recommended to you War Robots
Requirements: OS X 10.9 or later 64-bit
(26.4 Mb)
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text:
Wisconsin murder suspect to be brought back from Alabama
FOND DU LAC, Wis. (AP) — A Fond du Lac man accused of shooting his wife in the head will soon be back in Wisconsin.
Jason E. Anderson is charged with first-degree intentional homicide in the death of 33-year-old Nicole L. Anderson.
Police found Nicole Anderson in the bedroom Nov. 8 with an empty handgun holster and spent shell casing on the floor. The criminal complaint says detectives tracked the 35-year-old to Birmingham, Ala., after he used a debit card.
Fond du Lac Police Department Capt. Steve Klein tells The Reporter Anderson waived his right to fight extradition from Alabama and will be brought back next week.
Two detectives flew to Alabama last week to interview Anderson. Klein would not confirm that Anderson has confessed, but he says the "investigation is progressing well."


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We all need mid-week wines that deliver interesting flavor without spending a lot of money. The problem is that many widely available wines under $10 are just not that exciting. So I often look for less popular varieties from countries like Spain and Portugal for my "Tuesday-Thursday" wines.
But there is a lot of good wine on the California bulk market these days so sometimes the big-box retailers like Costco and Sam's Club have some values. And depending on where you live, you don't even need a club membership to buy these wines; at least, that's the law here in Minnesota. I usually shop at Costco so I picked up this store brand Merlot a few weeks back for $8.99. Alexander Valley produces a number of nice Merlot and Cabernet-based wines so I thought this was worth a flyer. Worst case, I have some wine to cook with.
Costco used to be the domain of Cameron Hughes but over the past couple of years I've noticed his wines mostly available at Sam's Club. As his selections sold through at Costco, the store brand Kirkland seemed to replace those wines along with the normal selection of well chosen wines at very good prices. In fact, Costco might just be the best place to find wine values in the $25-60 range. And based on this selection, they might have the under $10 market covered, too.
Tasting Notes:
Kirkland Signature, Merlot, Alexander Valley 2008 ($9) – Garnet color with aromas of blackcurrant, black cherry, black licorice and cedar. Rich black cherry fruit flavors with blackcurrant, black pepper and mint finishing with moderate tannins. Drink over the next year or two.
Natural cork closure
[rating: 3.5/5]
Score: 87


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Passive & energy-efficient building
The present times call for self-sufficient buildings that source energy and water from the environment, being at the same time an integral part of the urban fabric. Aluminium is a modern material that fits perfectly into the current trends of economic and ecological construction. Aluprof offers many solutions that successfully meet the energy-efficiency criteria, both in single-family housing and commercial buildings.
The essence of the energy-efficient buildings is to minimize energy loss. Here, each stage is of importance, whether we choose a right plot, a suitable project, and this until the very last details such as installing a window sill. Low energy house is, first of all, a perfectly insulated house that prevents heat from escaping.
Passive buildings have low energy requirements for heating purposes. They consume no more than 15 kWh/m2 per year. The level of primary energy consumption in this kind of building cannot exceed 120 kWh/m2 year for all energy needs. At the same time, in currently erected residential buildings, the energy consumption (heating only) is up to 120 kWh/(m2 year). The demand for energy in passive buildings is eight times smaller than in traditional ones.
The entire external layer of the passive building is air impermeable. However, the heat transfer coefficient (U) of the walls must be lower than 0.15 W/(m²K). This type of building requires appropriate windows, since untight window frames may lead to up to 30% of home's energy loss. That is why the windows' heat transfer coefficient should not exceed Uw= 0.80 W/(m²K). Passive houses often come equipped with a ground heat exchanger and a recuperator. Solar collectors are becoming increasingly popular too.
What might come as a surprise, passive buildings use a large amount of glazing (windows, glazed façades). Glazed areas are installed mostly at the southern side of the building and are practically absent from the northern, as the passive solar gain is usually rather low in there. Today, the energy-efficient windows can greatly reduce the heat losses and enable the maximum daylighting of interior spaces. In addition, they provide free solar energy to heat the rooms.
For more information on passive & energy-efficient building please visit: www.home.aluprof.com


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|Howard Saunders
Howard Saunders, aka the Retail Futurist, is a writer and speaker whose job it is to see beyond retail's currently choppy waters. Howard spent 25 years at some of London's most renowned retail design agencies where he created concepts and strategies for dozens of British high street brands.
|Katja Hamilton
Katja is the Finance and Healthcare Editor at Bizcommunity..
|Lauren Hartzenberg
Managing editor and retail editor at Bizcommunity.com. Cape Town apologist.
|Robbie Kearns
Robbie Kearns is Senior Regional Vice President, Salesforce Africa, Middle East, Israel and the Mediterranean. He joined Salesforce in 2013 and leads the fast-growing cloud business across commerce, marketing, service and platform.


text:
MAGELLAN RoadMate 2210T w/Lifetime Traffic
Contents of the package
FeaturesMagellan RoadMate 2210T
The RoadMate 2210T brings Free Lifetime Traffics Alerts to an entry level product. The Lifetime Traffic Alerts feature scans the airwaves for reported traffic events. When an incident is found on your route the navigator will automatically offer to you an alternative route with the time savings.
You'll also find an array of next generation features included. With the Landmark Guidance receive directions using landmarks as your guide versus street names, making it a more intuitive way to navigate. You'll hear instructions like "In 200 feet, turn left at the Shell Gas Station". The upgraded Junction View generates realistic images of freeway signs and arrows guide you to the correct lane to make driving easier, safer and less stressful.
Traffic Camera Alerts by PhantomALERT are included at no extra charge for one year. Receive audible and visual warnings of red light and speed cameras along your route. This is verified crowd source data that you refresh on your unit by the free Content Manager from Magellan. You can even become one of the many reporters on the street by submitting your own discoveries or rating the reliability of the alerts you are shown. Premium content is available for an extra cost which includes blackspots (high accident areas), school zones, and dangerous intersections.
Best Parking is another great feature; it makes parking in the city a much easier affair. Best Parking provides parking garage locations with both their hours of operation and the entrance location. Choose the garage that is open as well as close to your destination. Once you have selected a garage you are guided directly to the entrance. No more searching for how to get in!
The RoadMate navigation experience is both intuitive and robust. The OneTouch Favorites Menu allows you quick access to your favorite places or even your favorite searches. Enter addresses quickly and accurately with Magellan's Quickspell which guides to a correct spelling. SayWhere technology speaks the street names throughout the preloaded maps of the 50 United States, Canada and Puerto Rico.
Exclusive AAA TourBook Guide provides ratings and descriptions on AAA approved places to stay, play, dine, and more
Free Lifetime Traffic Alerts: Real-time traffic updates sent directly to your GPS unit to avoid traffic jams and other delays
Junction View: Realistic images of freeway signs and arrows guide you to the correct lane to make driving easier, safer and less stressful
Best Parking: Provides parking garage locations, hours of operation and directions to the entrance
Landmark Guidance: Receive directions using 10 categories of landmarks as your guide, making it a more intuitive way to navigate
4.3" Touch Screen Display: Large display with day and night views for easy visibility
Traffic Camera Alerts by PhantomALERT: Receive audible and visual warnings of red light and speed cameras along your route
Speed Limit Warning: Manage your speed along your route with optional settings for visual and audible alerts
OneTouch Favorites Menu: Personalize your travel experience with icons of your favorite places and searches
Quickspell: Magellan's patented method of helping you enter in addresses correctly - even if you are not sure of the spelling
7 Million Points of Interest: Make it easy to find gas stations, restaurants, ATMs, coffee shops, and much more
Highway Exit POIs: Find gas stations and rest areas along your route while you are navigating
Multi-Destination Routing: Plan your entire afternoon or driving vacation with all your stops in one route
Built-in Maps: A wealth of detail in millions of points of interest as you travel the 50 United States, Canada and Puerto Rico
Quickly get back on track with auto re-route
Customizable Route Method: Select shortest distance, fastest time, most use of freeways, or least use of freeways
Create and store personal points of interest and skip repeated address entry
Auto Night View adjusts color and contrast for easy night viewing
SpecificationsBattery Life - Estimated (Hrs) 2 Hours
Bluetooth No
Cartography - Preloaded Yes
Junction View Yes
Screen Size 4.3"
Screen Type Color
Traffic Yes
Box Dimensions 3"H x 6"W x 6"L
Item number: RM2210SGTUC
Package weight: 1.6 lb
Other Products in the Series:


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Tuesday, October 08, 2013
Shifting into Minimalism
68 comments:
It's amazing the interfacing showed through. A lovely little dress Erica - I love shifts too.ReplyDelete
The sleeves really make this frock- they are a fabulous statement! What a great LBD to add to the wardrobe :DReplyDelete
I've been obsessed with lantern sleeves ever since I saw the Alexander McQueen dress that Nicole Kidman wore to Cannes this year. I love that you put them on a shift dress--you look chic, as usual. I must add this to the "Erica B Tribute Wardrobe" that I'm always planning in my head.ReplyDelete
Wow, gorgeous dress Erica! So stylish & classy - inspiring me to sew some sheath dresses for myself!ReplyDelete
You know shift dresses are my thing. I love the fact that any body type can pull them off. Me being of petite stature. ....it's one of my favorite and of course it's a staple of the 60s....one of my favorite fashion eras. I gotta say that you are absolutely working that bad girl. It is a beauty and so are you. Be bold. Be fabulous. Ve you!ReplyDelete
I love this look on you and the sleeves are fantastic. You also have great gams!ReplyDelete
Now I have to look up black interfacing because I've never heard of it. I bought interfacing for a waistband and ending up getting the garment stuck in the sewing machine because of the thickness of layers. I had to walk away or I would have cried, haha.ReplyDelete
Do you think you could just skip the zipper since there is such a wide head opening? It would make the pattern even quicker if you wanted to whip up more.
Love this look Ms. Erica! I learn so much about different fabrics to try and techniques from reading your blog. Thanks so much for sharing your passion. ;-)ReplyDelete
Awesome! I want to make a couple dresses that shape for fall/winter, too. They are easy and flattering and you can wear 'me with leggings! I've also come to the conclusion that all my cloths must be bra friendly, because I HATE strapless and braless is just not a good look for me!ReplyDelete
ERICA!!! I'm dying. This is the most perfect LBD ever. I am also becoming a fan of the shift - it's soooo easy to wear and I'm starting the find that swingy, loose silhouette just as sexy as a sheath for all that it suggests rather than says out loud. The sleeves on this are legendary.... I'm so sorry, but I may have to totally copy the idea. So smart.ReplyDelete
STUN. NING. and those sleeves!!!ReplyDelete
Work, so sharp.ReplyDelete
Looks lovely! What does this make? LBD #6? Lol And you pose like you own the show. Own it, Erica!ReplyDelete
I love this on you! This is a great style -- reminds me of Paris and a look from Europe in the late 20s!!ReplyDelete
That hot! And the styling sets it all off!ReplyDelete
Hats off to you Erica :) I stumbled upon your blog by accident and I am hooked. You are a true fashionista and I cant believe this dress is a DIY and not a hefty price tag. You go girl <3ReplyDelete
Love from India!
Love it. Shift dresses are great - easy yet chic. Win Win!ReplyDelete
I LOVE this look on you.....and the sassy up-do was the icing on the cake. Beautiful.ReplyDelete
Beautiful Erica. So impressed with your talent.ReplyDelete
This may be a simple dress but, you look absolutely beautiful in it. Great Job.ReplyDelete
That dress! Those shoes! Your legs!ReplyDelete
All giving me LIFE right now...
You're definitely inspring me to continue learing how to sew (and to go run on the treadmill for an hour).
Lovely dress, Erica!ReplyDelete
- Anonymous5:23 AM
It's gorgeous - the lantern sleeves are such an interesting design feature.ReplyDelete
Reminds me of this one...
This is very elegant Erica and you look stunning in it too! I love the styling of your hair as well. Very nice work!ReplyDelete
This looks great on you. I think you nailed the fit through the shoulders and bust perfectly. You might use something like an organza strip to staballize the zipper next time instead of the fusible, although that might show also.ReplyDelete
I'm late as I'm finally catching up on my blog reading but this is gorgeous!!! Very flattering and ypu are rocking it!!!ReplyDelete
Erika I like effect the camera had on the zipper! I think maybe you can make one with a leather bound exposed zipper? That's what it looks like to me and I think its cute! I love the sleeves. Its just enough. Erika those legs though? Girl, you must have been stopping traffic hunny! Yaaaasssss!ReplyDelete
Girl! you look fabulous in this dress. not to mention your hair do! Strike a pose.ReplyDelete


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Please note!
For a complete list, including later questions not listed below, click here.
You may also link from here to a listing of questions arranged by topic.
Items covered:
396B Posssibility of Asteroid Hitting Earth (2)
If you have a relevant question of your own, you can send it to
stargaze["at" symbol]phy6.org
Before you do, though, please read the instructions
125. Re-entry from SpaceI am taking an Introduction to Astronomy course and the question of manned space flight came up as we studied atmosphere. Supposedly, upon re-entering the Earth's atmosphere, the re-entry vehicle, say the Command Module from a Saturn V rocket, had to do so within the arc of a precise angle or else it would bounce off of the atmosphere helplessly into space.
The instructor for this class, a Ph.D. in Physics, seems to think that the Van Allen Belt is the reason for this need for precision, but I believe it has something to with the ionosphere. ... He also told the class that upon launching, all rockets must tend toward the path of least resistance in the Van Allen Belts, which he surmised is near the poles, where, as he put it, "the hole in the donut" is. This to me sounds fishy. As you suggest, plenty of missions, both manned and unmanned have passed through the Van Allen Belts unscathed (or at least at this writing I presume they have.)
But I ask you, and I beg you for a reply, what is it exactly that causes so much trouble to reentering manned space vehicles to earth? And what part of the atmosphere is it that they must hit at precisely the correct angle in order to avoid bouncing off of it and deflecting back into space?
I hope you will answer this so that I can at least set my mind and that of the class and the Instructor to rest.
ReplyThe main factor dictating the mode of reentry is the need to dissipate a large amount of kinetic energy, without burning up in the process. Orbital velocity is about 8 km/sec, whereas a typical rifle bullet has about 1 km/sec, so mass for mass, a reentering space vehicle has 64 times more kinetic energy. Dissipating it safely is not easy.
It is done mostly by forming a shock wave in the rarefied high atmosphere, which heats the air passing through it, heating which extracts energy from the motion. Hot air still hits the vehicle, also the shock wave glows and radiates infra red and visible light, and these heat the vehicle, all reasons why a heat shield is needed--e.g. the tiles on the underside of the shuttle, which faces forward during reentry.
In order not to overload the heat shield, the descent angle is shallow, so that the shock forms where the atmosphere is not too dense. As the shuttle slows down, it needs (I guess) some lift to keep its trajectory from getting too steep; if the lift were somehow to get too big, it could in principle bounce the shuttle back into space, which would be bad, since it then comes down again far from the planned area, and probably at a bad angle.
Going through the "hole in the doughnut" is hardly ever done (if at all), because the result is an orbit steeply inclined to the equator and the ecliptic. Most orbits we want are close to those planes. Once you launch into a steeply inclined orbit, it costs far too much to change the inclination. The way manned missions pass the inner radiation belt (that's the intense one) is go through it quickly, it may take just 15-20 minutes to cross.
The international space station is well below the radiation belt. However, because Russia has no launch station close to the equator (as we do), in order to allow Russian resupply ships to reach it, the station's orbit has a fairly steep inclination to the equator, about 57 degrees. That brings it closer to the magnetic poles as you have suggested, but actually increases the risk, because it now skirts the auroral zone, and electrons of the polar aurora can create x-rays when hitting the station. Also, at high latitudes the protection by the Earth's magnetic field, against (rare) solar outbursts, is much reduced. By the way, space launches from near the equator are preferable, because spacecraft then get some (small) help from the rotation of the Earth. See
http://www.phy6.org/stargaze/StarFAQ3.htm#q62 .
126. Balancing a BicycleSubject: QUESTION FOR DR. STERN - HOW A BICYCLES WHEEL KEEP IT UPRIGHT
Please explain how the spinning wheels of a bicycle help the rider keep the bike upright? My daughter (13 yrs old) and I have tried to research this but seem not to be able explain the complete relationship between centripetal force, angular velocity of the wheel and precession. Thanks in advance of your help.
Your question was addressed in
I copy that section below, but please note this is jus one factor in bicycle stability:
The Bicycle
A more subtle example is afforded by the bicycle . It is well known that balancing a bicycle standing still is almost impossible, while on a rolling bike it is quite easy. Why?
Different principles are at work in each case. Suppose you sit on a bike that stands still, and find it is leaning to the left. What do you do? The natural tendency is to lean to the right , to counterbalance the lean with your weight. But in moving the top of your body to the right, by Newton's 3rd law you are actually pushing the bike to lean more to the left. Maybe you should lean to the left and push the bike back? It might work for a fraction of a second, but now you are really out of balance. No way!
On a rolling bike, balance is kept by a completely different mechanism. By slightly turning the handlebars right or left, you impart some of the rotation of the front wheel ("angular momentum") to rotate the bike around its long axis, the direction in which it rolls. That way the rider can counteract any tendency of the bike to topple to one side or the other, without getting into the vicious circle of action and reaction.
You may note that when the bike is rolling slowly, you have to turn the handlebars by quite large angles to keep balance, but when its speed it up, little twists are sufficient. That is because at slow speed, the front wheel has less angular momentum. However, some turning is always essential. About 50 years ago I owned a British "Raleigh" bicycle which had a lock built into its handlebar pivot. When it was locked, the bike would still roll, but only absolutely straight ahead. Neither I nor any of my friends managed to ride it and keep it balanced when the handlebars were locked.
The design of the front wheel "fork" is quite interesting, turning forward like the letter j. This is an "inverse caster" which makes the ride less stable--but allows a skilled rider nimble moves. If you ever look at a motorcycle, or at the bikes used in a circus on the high wire, they lack this "letter j" feature, the wheel axis is always in line with the handlebar shaft. That helps stability but reduces agility.
127. Is Absolute Zero reached on the Moon?I would like to know if the temperature on the surface of the moon while there is no light (under a dome which you would install on the moon for example) is the zero absolute (0 degres Kelvin)?
ReplyProbably not, though it does get mighty cold on the Moon during lunar night.
It has to be the night, because during the day it is hard to avoid the Sun's heat. Suppose you build a dome and place your equipment under it, in the shade. The Sun will heat the dome, and the dome will warm up, but after a while it will reach equilibrium (like any object in sunlight)--as much heat is radiated out as infra-red as is received from the Sun as regular sunlight.
Where is it radiated to? I would guess, about half goes up, half goes down. Thus the shade won't be cool: if the equipment under it cannot get rid of heat, it will gradually become as hot as the roof. Similarly, it can get pretty hot in a closed car standing in the sunlight--even in a closed van, without windows for light to enter!
Nights are cold, very cold, but 14 days are not enough to reach absolute zero. Some heat still comes in from earthlight, and I suspect the Moon contains enough radioactive elements to generate a little heat of its own, the way the solid Earth does. Also, some heat is always left over from the lunar day.
128. Why isn't Longitude measured from 0° to 360°?Hello, We are trying to find out why longitude goes from 0 to 180 and from 180 back to 0, rather than 0 to 360 degrees. Could you possibly answer this question for us. Thank you.
ReplyI don't know. Maybe because in the age of exploration, ships set out from England and other European ports which had longitudes near zero, and moved either east or west. It also turns out that the jump from -180 to + 180 (the international date line) is conveniently set in the middle of a big ocean.
129. "Constellation" or "Asterism"?Hello, I just happened across your Stargazers to Starships glossary in a Onelook.com dictionary search for "constellation." It says that the dippers are constellations. That's what I thought too until I was recently corrected. Apparently they're asterisms, not constellations. Do you have any idea when this distinction took hold?
ReplyI don't know, but let me guess. I think astronomers are to blame. When star charts were first made, all stars had to be assigned in some way, so astronomers divided the sky into areas, and naturally, they chose the areas to correspond to constellation. If you look at a star atlas, you will see the sky divided into rectangles and pie shapes, a bit like the map of the states in the western USA. This lets an astronomer state that a nova, or a comet, appeared in (say) Aries, or assign some distant galaxy to the constellation. That too is why, for instance, Section 10 on "Kepler and his Laws" mentions "Tycho's nova in Cassiopeia."
Astronomers therefore use the word "constellation" to refer to an area in the sky. A new term was now needed for those conspicuous formations involving a few bright stars, and that was"asterism."
I did not use "asterism" on my web site, though. Most users are not astronomers, and might not even have known Cassiopeia before reading about it. So I stick to common English usage and talk about the "constellation Cassiopeia." In general, given choice of a technical term and plain language, I stick to plain language, which is more user friendly. Amateurs with telescopes and star charts will know what I mean even if I'm not completely technical.
Look over the site. There's a lot more there, about 100 files.
130. "Position of the Stars when I was Born"Dear Sir:
Today is my birthday, and I heard that if I got up early and looked outside, that I would see the stars in the position of when I was born, I'm 48 today. Would you please send me a picture of these positions. I live in northwest suburbs of Chicago. I need an explanation too?
ReplyI have no star charts available--that is not something I work with. You should really go back to whoever told you what you wrote. Keep in mind two things, however:
(1)     The positions of "proper" stars do not change. Any motion they have relative to us appears so slow (because of the distance) that the eye does not notice. The constellations we see are essentially the same as the ones observed by ancient Greeks. Over the year, the times they rise and set wander over 24 hours, and on your birthday they indeed occupy the same positions (more or less) as they did at the SAME TIME on the day you were born. On any birthday.
(2)     The planets move all the time (and it's the planets which astrologers track). However, none of their motion is commensurate with the motion of the Earth--that is, with the length of the year. After exactly 48 Earth-years, they will not occupy the same positions in the sky.
Oh to be 48 again! (I'm 72). Congratulations!
131. Rotation of the Earth's CoreHi! I am student teaching in a third grade classroom in Tennessee. We just began a unit on space last week. One of my curious little minds asked if the center of the Earth rotated as Earth rotated. I told him that I was unsure, but I would think it would. I've searched and cannot find anything regarding this aspect of Earth. Could you please answer my question and maybe point me to something to back this up for him and the rest of the class? Thank you so much.
ReplyWe now know that the Earth has a core of about half its radius, made mostly of iron -- molten iron, though in its middle is a smaller solid "inner core." (We know all that by studying the distribution of earthquake waves, reaching us from earthquakes on the opposite side of the Earth. On their way they pass near or through the core, and studying their arrival tells about what they passed through).
So, does the core rotate at the same rate as the outer part of the Earth-one turn per day-- or not?
The two MUST rotate together. If there is an inner ball and an outer ball, somewhere there must be a boundary between the two, at which they touch each other.
(In fact, they do not just touch, but press very hard. Any point on the boundary has above it the weight of 2000 miles or rock, pressing down!)
If they do not rotate together, one must slide past the other, and they will rub together. There will be friction.
The faster one will try to get the slower one to speed up.
The slower one will get the faster one to slow down.
And this goes on until they move together.
Are you with me, third grade?
132. How hot is the Sun?Dear David,
My name is Brendan. I really like to learn about things like space and geography. When I talk about the temperature of the sun, people always ask me, How do you know? So, how do you know the temperature of the sun?
ReplyYou ask a very good question. First of all, it shows you think like a scientist. Most people--students in schools, too, even teachers--ask "what is the answer?" How many years is the age of the universe? How far from Earth is the Moon? What is the highest mountain on Earth? Answers like that can be read in books, but once you have them, you really haven't added to your understanding. The meaningful question is usually "How do we know"?
The temperature of the Sun can be inferred from its color. All hot objects emit light, or radiations similar to light, and the hotter they are, the further their light is to the blue end of the rainbow sequence. A hot pot radiates in infra-red (your eye cannot see it, but your hand can sense it if held close). A red-hot piece of iron glows dark-red, a lightbulb glows yellow (and in a flashlight with a weak battery, orange--the wire in it is not as hot). The very hot star Sirius (brightest non-planet in the sky) emits light near the blue, but since it emits other colors too, to the eye it is bright white.
The Sun is sort of yellow. Not just that: spectrographs can measure how much light is emitted in each color, and verify that its colors are distributed as you would expect in a hot object. (Light from a rarefied gas would be different, it gets its color not from heat but from the properties of the atoms that emit is; the colors of neon lights for instance--also fluorescent lamps). More than that, the distribution tells what the temperature is. I believe it is 5780 degrees above absolute zero, give or take 10 degrees.
Glad you asked.
Now about the height of the tallest mountain... see
and the distance of the Moon:
133. How much weaker is gravity higher up?Hi mr stern
I'm from Mexico, and I'm studying mechanical engineering. I was reading the FAQs and I didn't find an answer suitable for my problem. I seek everywhere I can, and haven't found an equation describing gravity for my needs. I've found one that describes gravity depending on the latitude, but I need one depending on altitude. I know gravity has an accepted value of 9.81 m/s2 at sea level, but as I get higher and higher in the atmosphere or as I take my car and reach my city 2000 meter above sea level, which is the gravity there?
ReplyIf the Earth were an exact sphere, with density everywhere varying the same way with depth (a good approximation), gravity would only depend on the distance r from the Earth's center, and would decrease with distance like 1/r2. That was first proposed by Newton (the story and calculation are in section #20 of "stargazers") and has been confirmed with great accuracy since then. The equatorial bulge of the Earth and variations of valleys and mountains modify this only slightly (and the effects of rotating with the Earth need always be added, too); see section 24a).
Rising 2 kilometers means about 1/3000 of the Earth's radius r, so gravity at that altitude is weaker by about 1/1500. You will need an accurate instrument to observe the difference. A good pendulum clock should vary by about 1 minute/day from one at sea level at the same altitude (unless the attraction of the mountains reduces the difference, about which I am not sure.)
134. Eclipse of Venus?(Received March 31, 2004)
Just visited a web site and a mail address of yours appeared. My question: There appears to be a partial eclipse of Venus when you use the backyard telescope. Is this a normal event, or is it connected to the transit-of-Venus expected in June?
ReplyNo, no no! There cannot be an eclipse of Venus, because no dark object is close enough to block its light, or shade it from the Sun. What you are seeing are the phases of Venus, similar to those of the Moon. Like the Moon, Venus shines in reflected sunlight, but unlike the Moon, we never see all of its sunlit face (it would have to be exactly on the opposite side of the Sun). Usually we see part of the sunlit side--often just a thin crescent--and part of the dark one. What you saw through your telescope was also seen by Galileo (1609 or so) with the first-ever astronomical telescopes, and once he understood it, he realized Venus must be a planet orbiting the Sun, strong evidence that Copernicus was right.
The transit of Venus occurs when the planet comes between us and the Sun, when it appears to be a dark spot crawling across the Sun's disk. At that time, in a little over two months, Venus will present to us only its dark side. As it is now approaching that position, the side we now see is mostly dark and it appears as a crescent.
135. The Big BangThere are several aspects of the Big Bang theory that puzzle me greatly, none more than the consequences of expansion.
As explained by current theory, we are not at the centre of the expansion. Since the whole universe is expanding, we would not remain at the origin. Therefore the universe should appear asymmetrical to us. i.e. there should be more of it in one direction than the other. As matter in the universe is emitting light, one side of the view from Earth should appear brighter than the other, all else being equal.
If we are not at the centre of the universe then as we look further into space and hence back in time, when the universe was smaller, one part of the sky should appear older than all the rest. The further we look and the further back in time we go that area should be smaller still. If we could see right back to the big bang it would be the oldest point in the sky.
Finally the universe is not expanding at the speed of light so the light emitted from the early universe should have simply rushed past us long ago and become undetectable. How do we see it now?
ReplyCosmology is not my field, so I limit myself to just a few observations. Your view of the expanding universe has a basic problem, being rooted in concepts of the era before Einstein. Namely, you view as space being infinite and eternal, and regard the universe as a collection of matter and energy expanding in this space, starting from some initial instant which was the big bang, and from some initial location.
Current thinking is different. The matter and energy of the universe are filling all the space available to them, and have always done so. That space, however, is itself expanding. The big bang is not an explosion in space, like that of a bomb, but an expansion of space itself.
A common analogy is the surface of an expanding rubber balloon. The rubber is filling all the area available to it, but that area is itself growing, and as it grows, the thickness (in our case, the density of matter in the universe) is gradually decreasing. The way 3-dimensional space is expanding can be described mathematically, but it is not otherwise intuitively graspable, except by that analogy--or perhaps (not sure how well that works) as expansion inside a higher dimensionality.
Look at it another way. If the universe started 13.5 billion years ago (a good guess), as we look into space, no place we see is more distant that 13.5 billion light years. The volume available is thus limited, though any point sees the same expansion, just as on the balloon.
Go to main list of questions (by topic)


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2018 OECD Economic Surveys: Israel 2018
Israel's economy continues to register remarkable macroeconomic and fiscal performance. Growth is strong and unemployment is low. The external surplus is comfortable, and the public debt-to-GDP ratio, already well below the OECD average, is still falling. However, Israeli society remains marked by weak social cohesion and significant disparities, which penalise parts of the population and threaten the longer-term sustainability of these good results. Despite better employment outcomes among Israeli-Arabs and the Haredim, workers from these communities are often trapped in low-paid jobs due to their weak skill sets, implying persistent poverty and weak aggregate productivity. Moreover, low social transfers imply that the often large families in these communities face deprivation that contributes to child poverty. High cost of living and house prices also weigh on the social situation and well-being, and public transport deficiencies are detrimental to work-life balance and cause urban congestion and poor air quality. The authorities have continued their reform process over the last few years to address these issues. Making growth stronger, more inclusive and more sustainable will require further action and more public investment in education to improve the skills of Israeli-Arabs and Haredim together with additional product market reforms and better transport infrastructure.


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5 Halloween Decorations for Outside
Halloween is just around the corner, so it's time to get prepared for your holiday decorations! No matter what your skill level, these spooky do-it-yourself projects are sure to get you in the spirit this Halloween.
Zombie Head
Put them on stakes, hang them from trees or combine with stuffed dummy fragments and place near "grave plots" to look as though they are crawling out of the ground. However you use them, be sure to add this easy to make decoration to your yard this Halloween.
Materials Required:
- Styrofoam Wig Head
- Twine
- Basic White Glue
- Liquid Nails, or other strong adhesive
- Fake Teeth
- paper mache
- paint
Shape your zombie face (the Styrofoam head) using scissors or a razor blade, creating the specific features you want. Be sure to shape the mouth to the size of the fake teeth. Attach the teeth to the foam head using the strong adhesive. Next, create the veins using the twine, attaching the strands with the basic glue. Combine three parts water to one part of the basic glue. Dip the paper maché and shape on the head to create skin. Finally, use the paint, any color you like, and paint the head completely. Be sure you dry completely after applying "skin," and after painting. Now you can add any additional features you like, such as hair, eyes, blood, etc.
Related: Take $10 off your order of $30 or more PLUS always a free shipping option at Halloween Express!
Grave Stones
Gravestones are an easy craft using basic materials, but offer great variety and creativity. Depending on your craft-capability and commitment, you can create any gravestone theme you can think of. The variety of available materials makes this a craft for all budgets! Use grey paper bags with tealights, cardboard or foam core, even wood and cement board to create a cemetery in your yard.
Materials Required:
- Cardboard or Black foam core (or board of your choice)
- Razor blade
- Glue
- Paint/Markers
The first step is to decide what style of gravestone you would like. Choose from elaborately decorative to basic and rounded. Add decorative embellishments with extra scraps of cardboard/foam core and attach with glue. Paint funny names or epitaphs and stake into the ground using wooden stakes or dowels. If you are a little less crafty and need something basic, try using grey paper bags (found at craft stores such as Michael's) and tealights. Shape the top of the paper bag to the desired gravestones style, add flour, sand or dirt to anchor the bags then add a LED tealight. Use a sharpie to add names and epitaphs!
Stuffed Dummy
For the easy scare, go for the stuffed dummy. This super-easy decoration will scare the trick-or-treaters before they even reach the door!
Materials Required:
- Old Clothes: including shirt, pants, shoes – additional accessories optional!
- Newspaper (or stuffing)
- stakes, fishing line optional (for yard placement variations)
Simply stuff old clothes with newspaper until the figure looks like a body and your dummy is ready for the haunt! Make use of unused holiday props, masks, and accessories to make your dummy more realistic. Place your completed dummy in the yard – standing, sitting, crawling from the ground, sit him on the porch or perch him on a low-hanging tree branch.
Shadow Figures
Don't forget about the windows for your outdoor decoration. Use black poster board cut-outs to create spooky figures that will haunt the neighborhood all night! This craft project is a great way to get the friends and family involved in the Halloween spirits.
Materials Required:
- Black Poster Board
- Scissors
- Wax Paper
- Tape
Cut out shapes of friends and family, hands, objects, or Halloween-worthy creatures. Let your imagination go wild! Attach the figure to sheets of wax paper and tape in the window. The wax paper helps to soften the background light and adds privacy. Once the lights go on, the figures will come alive and haunt the night away. Add them to the lawn using stakes, or hang from trees for creepy lawn décor.
Chicken Wire Ghosts
These are by far the creepiest decoration for any outdoor space. In the right light, or at the right distance, these figures look like true apparitions! Placement is key, so utilize your space for the ultimate spook factor.Materials Required:
- Chicken Wire (or equivalent)
- Zipties
- Scissor/Wire cutters
This project is definitely for the ambitious or more advanced crafters, as chicken wire can be a tricky material to work with. It is best to employ assistance, especially for shaping the figure. Use kids, friends, or relatives to create your figure. Once the desired shape is achieved, secure using the zipties. Attach separate pieces, if applicable. You can spray paint the figure with white or even glow-in-the-dark paint for added effect. Finally, tie a bit of twine to a stake and attach to several sides of the bottom of your figure to anchor into the ground.
Michelle Perez is a freelance writer staying on the pulse of all that's new and exciting. Her work can be found on Examiner.com.
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A 22-year-old man unleashed a slew of overnight bomb threats targeting the Mall of America, the Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport and numerous metro hotels, at times faking a Middle Eastern accent in the calls, according to an indictment filed Tuesday.
Dana W. Ashey, formerly of Lewiston, Maine, was charged in federal court in St. Paul with two counts of false information and hoaxes. He was arrested inside the mall on April 12, slightly more than 12 hours after the calls were made.
Under questioning by investigators, Ashey admitted to calling in bomb threats to the mall and the airport and "characterized his threats as pranks." He also said he made similar calls to metro hotels.
Mall security searched all the bathrooms, with help from a bomb squad K9. No explosives were found at the mall or the airport.
According to the charges:
Ashey called airport police at 2:37 a.m. and said a bomb would go off in the bathroom at 3 a.m. "The caller's voice was consistent with a male attempting to mimic a Middle Eastern accent," the court filing read.
A virtually identical call was made 5 minutes later to security dispatch for the mall.
The call to airport police was traced to a phone number in Maine, and investigators learned that the cellphone was roaming cell towers in the Twin Cities area.
Phone records show five calls to numbers for the airport were made from 2:30 a.m. to 2:40 a.m.
Having secured a booking photograph from police in Lewiston, Maine, security spotted Ashey in the mall shortly after 3:15 p.m. and apprehended him.
Ashey's criminal history includes convictions in 2009 for making a criminal threat and for receiving stolen property.


text: 9. Was the fund wound up during the income year?Warning: This information may not apply to the current year. Check the content carefully to ensure it is applicable to your circumstances. End of attention Print X in the appropriate box. Date on which the fund was wound up If you answered yes, write the date the fund was wound up. Every fund is required to lodge a tax return for each income year of its operations, up to the date it is wound up. Last modified: 13 Feb 2019QC 35420


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Chat Home
Welcome to Baseball Prospectus' Monday October 08, 2012 1:00 PM ET chat session with Bradley Ankrom.
Talk shop with the author of the Minor League Update and "The Process."
Bradley Ankrom: Welcome, it's nice to see you again. I like your haircut. Let's begin.
Rob (Alaska): Hey, thanks for the chat. So how did Taylor Guerrieri look when you saw him in September? Do you want him or Aaron Sanchez in a lifetime keeper league?
Bradley Ankrom: I like both quite a bit, but Sanchez has the higher upside. Guerrieri profiles as more of a mid-rotation guy, whereas Sanchez could develop into a strong two or better.
firstname.lastname@example.com (bronx): hey Bradley, did you ever hear of a kid out of rockland county , andrew camardella he is related to me. distant relative, from what i hear he is a beast,led nation in doubles in 2012.would like to hear some news on him.I think he is at dominican college.
thanks mike
Bradley Ankrom: I know the name, but I don't know much about the player so I turned to our in-house amateur guru, Mark Anderson:
"Good story, marginal prospect, gap power, not a ton of offensive skills for a guy that's a first baseman. He's on the draft radar, but I haven't heard much mote than org guy rumblings."
More about Camardella and his story: http://www.lohud.com/article/20120526/NEWS03/305260054
MattWinks (Philly): What are your thoughts on Roman Quinn, he put up some of the best numbers in the NY-P league and it seems he might be able to stick at SS?
Bradley Ankrom: He hit pretty well in the New York-Penn League, and demonstrated his plus-plus speed with 30 steals and 11 triples, but his work at shortstop still leaves something to be desired. Wouldn't be surprised to see him moved to center field.
schmuckdonald (Liverpool, UK): Are you actually a dog? If yes, then that's made my day.
Bradley Ankrom: I am. Woof.
Lil' Sebastian (The Barn): Is Domingo Santana a top-50 guy for you?
Bradley Ankrom: How is heaven treating you, Lil' Sebastian? We miss you here in Pawnee. Your funeral is still the only time I've ever seen Ron Swanson shed tears.
Santana isn't top 50, but he could sneak into the 75-100 range... haven't really thought about it much yet.
jlarsen (chicago): With Baltimore's somewhat sketchy history with 1st round picks and almost non-existence in IFAs, do you foresee the organization being a long-term contender or was this year a "perfect storm" season for them?
Bradley Ankrom: I think this year was flukey, but I also think they can remain competitive now that Machado and Bundy are a part of the major-league club's plans. I never heard a good reason for why all of those early-round arms went down with injuries over the last few years, but something may have (probably has) changed since Duquette took over. I'm optimistic that they've turned that around.
sitdancer (DC): What's your take on the sliding prospect stock of Nolan Arenado? No star ceiling anymore? Do you see him or Jedd Gyorko as the higher ceiling prospect at 3b?
Bradley Ankrom: Still love Arenado; had to expect his numbers to come down a bit from what he put up in the California League, and I think he did well for a 21-year old in AA. Still lots of doubles and lots of contact. I'd take him over Gyorko, who is 2.5 years older and did the bulk of his damage in the Pacific Coast League last year.
Garett (Ohio): Have you jumped ship completely on arenado? Thoughts on singletons platoon issues? Sano, is he going to be taveras or is he going to be delmon young? And I just want your quick thought on Dickey's year next year?
Bradley Ankrom: I don't think Sano is anything like Taveras or Young, so can I say neither?
Re Dickey... I don't know what to expect from him next year. He's such an anomaly and my gut says to expect massive regression next year due to his age and the flukiness of knuckleballers, but he's been a great story this year and he got my first-place NL Cy Young vote in our postseason awards voting earlier this week.
Billy (Ocean): Does any team have more potential impact talent hitting the majors next year than the Cardinalswith OSCAR, Kolten Wong, and Shelby Miller?
Bradley Ankrom: Nope, and I'm interested to see how the Cardinals work Taveras in next year -- if they do so at all. Jon Jay established himself this year and I wouldn't be surprised if the Cards let Taveras crush PCL pitching until an injury or September roster expansion opens up an opportunity for him in St. Louis.
Alex (Anaheim): Any hope that Betances can turn things around in 2013?
Bradley Ankrom: As long as he's healthy, there's a chance. Chris Mellen's profile of him in today's Ten Pack (bbp.cx/a/18592) suggests that lack of confidence may have played a role in why his season never got on track.
Paul (DC): Who is your top Marlin prospect heading into 2013, the hard throwing Jose Fernandez or the sweet swinging Christian Yelich?
Bradley Ankrom: Yelich remains atop the Marlins rankings for me, but Fernandez is a hell of a number-two.
jlarsen (chicago): Which organization has dramatically improved their farm system the most since the new CBAs rules have been in effect?
Bradley Ankrom: Kind of a cop-out, but I'll say the Astros, who certainly benefitted from having the top pick in last year's draft but also maximized their bonus allotment.
jlarsen (chicago): What prospects need to be protected before the Rule 5 draft? Any teams that have a ton of Rule 5 eligibles and are likely to try to slip a few through in hopes that teams don't gamble on them?
Bradley Ankrom: I haven't looked at the Rule 5-eligible list yet, but the draft itself is much less interesting than it used to be since they gave teams an extra year of protection. Expect to see a Rule 5 preview leading up to the draft in December.
Paul (DC): Starling Marte, does he have a reasonable shot at being an All Star at some point in his career?
Bradley Ankrom: Sure, plenty of good-not-great players have strong first halves and make the All-Star Game. I don't expect him to turn into a superstar, but he does a lot of things well.
Paul (DC): Danny Hultzen. Just what the hell with his second half? Are we looking at a Rick Ankiel or Steve Bass type situation with his loss of control (though the Ks still seemed to be there)?
Bradley Ankrom: It's premature to start the Ankiel and Blass comparisons, though the degeneration of Hultzen's command and control is one of the most surprising developments of the year. No one seems to have a good reason for why it happened, but I think it's fair to wait until we see how he looks next year before downgrading him significantly.
myshkin (Santa Clara): The A's outfield has fewer future openings than I expected, but will Michael Choice force his way into the discussion despite the injury setback?
Bradley Ankrom: Yes, Coco Crisp's contract expires after next year (though the A's do hold a team option) and I would expect to see Cespedes shift to center field and Choice slide into left when the latter is ready for the big leagues.
Paul (DC): Will Tony Cingrani be given a shot at making the Red's rotation coming out of 2013 spring training?
Bradley Ankrom: Doubtful, with Arroyo, Latos, Leake, Cueto, and Bailey all under team control for next year. That rotation proved reliable this year (it started all but one of the Reds' games this year), so I'd expect Cingrani to work in middle relief next year with a chance at replacing Arroyo in 2014.
captnamerca (Dunedin, FL): Does ARodys Vizcaino develop ito a starer, or is he destined for the bullpen?
Bradley Ankrom: I believe Chicago will develop him as a reliever, and he could replace Carlos Marmol as the Cubs' closer as soon as 2014.
nik19 (Philly): Is Jonathan Pettibone ready to join the Phillies rotation next season?
Bradley Ankrom: No, and I think his straight fastball will get pounded if he has to see guys multiple times per game. See him as more of a bullpen guy long term.
myshkin (Santa Clara): If you had an infinite army of moderately trainable volunteers, what data about baseball currently unavailable to the public would you most want to gather, and how would you have them do it?
Bradley Ankrom: This is a great question and I can't believe I'm unable to come up with a good answer for you. Pitch, hit, and field data from the minor leagues would be incredibly valuable...
JT (New Jersey): ETA on Archie Bradley reaching Big Leagues?
Bradley Ankrom: He could move quickly once he irons out his command, but I wouldn't expect to see him in Arizona before 2015.
Paul (DC): Who is in the Athletics starting rotation next April?
Bradley Ankrom: I'll say Parker/Griffin/Anderson/Straily/Milone.
Bradley Ankrom: Thanks for all of the questions - sorry I couldn't get to them all. Let's do this again in a few weeks.
PS - The Minor League Update will return this week with the start of the Arizona Fall League. Look for the first update on Thursday.
Major League Baseball trademarks and copyrights are used with permission of MLB Advanced Media, L.P. All rights reserved.Copyright © 1996-2023 Baseball Prospectus, LLC.


text: caregiver How Caregivers Can Assist With Dressing For a dementia caregiver, dressing a patient can be a touchy, often difficult task. Knowing the proper etiquette for dressing a patient is a crucial skill. July 02, 2015 Written By: Dementia.org Published On July 02, 2015 Caregivers are crucial helpers for the elderly, as well as for those who are unable to or have difficulty with caring for themselves, including patients with dementia. Caregivers are an essential tool for improving the quality of life for those in their care. Please Read This: How To Make Feeding Dementia Sufferers Easier Not only will caregivers assist their patients with any physical disabilities, prepare meals for them, run errands for them and clean their patient's living space, but they will also likely help their patients get dressed and even bathe them. Properly Dressing A Dementia Patient It may not come as a surprise to you that those who need a caregiver may also need assistance with the most mundane of tasks, things healthy people may perceive as "easy," or personal abilities that most of us take for granted, such as getting dressed. However, it may not register for many people that something as simple as dressing oneself can be extremely difficult for those who can't easily care for themselves. If you are a caregiver, or have a caregiver under your employ, having the information on the proper etiquette of dressing patients is important. You Might Like This: New Intervention Reduces Dementia Caregiver Depression Tips For Caregivers Who Dress Their Patients The following bullets are some helpful tips about dressing patients for caregivers: Always offer: Never assume a patient is capable of doing something without assistance. A patient may be physically capable of dressing themself, but simply can't remember how to dress themselves; this is the case with many people who suffer from various types of cognitive impairments. If you expect too much from the person you are caring for, they can become very upset with you and even grow to resent you. It is always safest to offer help and give the patient the opportunity to refuse, rather than not helping and neglecting the patient's needs. Set a routine: Setting a routine is a great way to ease patients into the practice of being dressed by a caregiver. Have the caregiver dress them at a specific time, or before or after a certain event. For example, have the caregiver dress them after breakfast or as soon as they arrive. Always put articles of clothing on in the same order. Establishing some sort of daily ritual will help patients adapt to being dressed, increasing their level of comfort. Make decisions: Limit clothing options to only two choices, or don't offer a choice at all. Patients can become stressed when making decisions, even when it's just choosing an outfit. By limiting their choices, they won't have to speculate for very long, making the process not only easier on them, but also easier for you. Be respectful: Dressing is a personal task, and can be embarrassing for patients. To help them get over their embarrassment, refrain from staring at them directly as you dress them, and also tell them what you are doing prior to doing it. For instance, say "I'm now going to put on your shirt," before you do so. This alleviates tension because they know what's coming next, which also makes them much more comfortable. Follow these steps and you should have a much easier time with dressing patients.0664 Recommended Articles diagnosis Should I See A Psychiatrist, Or A Neurologist? memory loss Coping With The Loss Of Your Loved One's Memory stages of dementia End Stage Of Dementia caregiver More Men As Caregivers For Female Dementia Patients younger onset dementia The Challenges Of Younger-Onset Dementia Most Searched Types Alzheimer's Huntington's Disease Parkinson's Disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Early-Onset Dementia Tags: caregiver support treatments dressing Learn More: End Stage Of Dementia Dementia From Toxic Substances The Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) Dementia: 9 Tips For Successful Air Travel Should I See A Psychiatrist, Or A Neurologist? The Best Foods For Dementia Patients