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Robert Berger, Patrick Daniels and Karlyn Michelson's Charlie Victor Romeo.
Transmedia returns to the New York Film Festival this year with the second edition of NYFF Convergence. Spotlighting the intersection of technology and storytelling, the program offers participants the opportunity to experience a curated selection of new immersive storytelling projects. This year's edition will close with a "special secret event," which will be unveiled by Film Society of Lincoln Center at a later date.
The three-day program, taking place September 28 – 30 in the Elinor Bunin Munroe Film Center and the Walter Reade Theater, examines the confluence of technology, content creation, and interaction and will present projects in three categories: Experiences, Panels and Keystone Presentations.
The Experiences component spotlights the interactive element of transmedia storytelling. Highlights include the World Premiere of Eline Jongsma and Kel O'Neill's The Empire Project, an immersive documentary experience that examines the still-unfolding legacy of Dutch colonialism, while the New York debut of Robert Berger, Patrick Daniels, and Karlyn Michelson's Charlie Victor Romeo takes audience members into the cockpit with an airline pilot during an in-flight emergency. Nicolas Alcala's The Cosmonaut travels back to the 1960s, allowing participant to experience "the space race" alongside two Russian cosmonauts trying to beat the U.S. to the moon. 48 Hour Games by Suvi Andrea Helminen is an interactive "choose your own adventure"-style documentary that was shot during the Nordic Game Jam, an event that annually brings together more than 300 game developers from all parts of Scandinavia. And Rick Prelinger's No More Road Trips? takes to the highways and byways through thousands of home movies and amateur films and looks to the audience for its narration and soundtrack.
The World Premiere of Katerina Cizek's A Short History of the High Rise is among the highlights of NYFF Convergence's Keystone Presentations program. Produced by Op-Docs, the New York Times editorial department's forum for short, opinionated documentaries, and the National Film Board of Canada, the project is an interactive documentary that explores the global history of vertical living and issues of social equality in an increasingly urbanized world via four short films and an interactive experience that incorporates the films allowing users to dig deeper into the project's themes with additional archival materials, text, and micro-games. Musician, writer, director and actor Cory McAbee (Crazy & Thief, Indie Night '12) will return to the Film Society with Captain Ahab's Motorcycle Club featuring live music and video pieces from the project. McAbee will be on hand to share anecdotes from the piece, which is described as "an original experiment in collaborative art."
Christian Fonnesbech and Frederik Øvlisen's Cloud Chamber
Also taking part in the Convergence's Keystone Presentations is Christian Fonnesbech and Frederik Øvlisen's Cloud Chamber, a collaborative experience that is part alternate reality game, part film, part social network. Players are asked to work together via a single web portal to uncover the story of a young scientist who risked her sanity and betrayed her father in order to "save humanity from its most dangerous enemy: itself."
Panels taking place during the weekend, which runs parallel with the opening weekend of the New York Film Festival, will delve into a cross-section of topics related to content and technological innovation. Crowdfunding, micro-finance, business models, and producing will be among the areas discussed in addition to "teams and tools" and the ins and outs of working on multiple platforms.
"The core of Convergence is interaction—audiences and creators coming together to explore, play, and debate the future of entertainment," said NYFF Convergence co-programmer Matt Bolish. "We couldn't be happier with the quality of the projects and the global reach of the line up for this year's NYFF Convergence program, with creators from the U.S. sharing the stage with those from Denmark, Spain, and the Netherlands… and we can't wait to reveal the details of our special closing event!"
A priority-access badge to the three days of NYFF Convergence programming is now on sale for just $99!
2013 NYFF Convergence categories and event descriptions follow.
Charlie Victor Romeo – New York Premiere
Directors: Robert Berger, Patrick Daniels and Karlyn Michelson – (Appearing in Person)
Saturday, September 28 at 2:00PM, EBM Beale Theater
Derived in its entirety from black box recordings of true airline emergencies, Charlie Victor Romeo presents the sort of visceral experience that stays with audiences long after credits roll. Originally produced as a highly successful stage play in New York's Lower East Side, the film makes startlingly effective use of a state-of-the-art 3D process to take us to a place few civilian eyes have ever been: the other side of the steel reinforced door that separates the public from the pilots. Directors Robert Berger, Patrick Daniels and Karlyn Michelson invite their audience to play silent witness to six high-tension dramatizations possessed with a raw intensity real enough to earn multiple citations from organizations such as the Air Force, West Point, and countless professional groups across the aviation community. In equal measure startling and uplifting, Charlie Victor Romeo is a project that demands our respect and attention.
Rick Prelinger's No More Roadtrips?
The Cosmonaut – New York Premiere
Director: Nicholas Alcala – (Appearing in Person)
Sunday, September 29 at 12:30PM, EBM
Ambitious in scale and scope, The Cosmonaut is the very definition of what a multiplatform immersive narrative can be. Encompassing a feature film, web-based content, social media, studio albums, live events, and a documentary feature the project has garnered international attention and praise since its inception in 2009. Set in the late 1960's, the project follows Stas and Andrei – two Russian space-farers in training who along with a cast of adventurers, scientists, engineers, and dreamers are in a race against the clock to beat the United States to space.
The Cosmonaut Experience
Director: Nicholas Alcala – (Appearing in Person)
Sunday, September 29 at 2:00PM
In 1957, the first man-made object was put in orbit. That ignited a wild race between two countries that were fighting an undercover war. Earth wasn't enough anymore. The new goal was to conquer the universe.
See the feature film then dive deeper into the world of Riot Cinema's The Cosmonaut. Featuring choice selections of web content created to augment and expand the world of the film, these short videos provide audiences with a unique cinematic experience. Equal parts backstory and primer on the characters, situations, and pivotal moments in this storyworld, we invite audiences to join us for this free event and to explore this complex narrative universe. New York based filmmaker and transmedia creator Mark Harris (The Lost Children) will lead a creator to creator discussion with The Cosmonaut's Nicolas Alcala about building this unique multi-platform experience.
The Empire Project – World Premiere
Directors: Eline Jongsma and Kel O'Neill – (Appearing in Person)
Saturday, September 28 at 4:00PM
A hidden synagogue in the mountains of Indonesia. A Dutch-style village in the Sri Lankan rainforest. A white separatist enclave in the South African desert. These are just a few of the communities brought to light in Empire, an immersive documentary project that examines the still-unfolding legacy of Dutch colonialism. Shot in ten countries over four years, Empire employs a broad range of storytelling techniques—including nonfiction filmmaking, multi- channel video projection, and experience design—to unearth the contemporary aftershocks of the world's first brush with global capitalism.
Empire's videos and installations will be on display throughout NYFF at several venues on the Lincoln Center campus including the Film Center, Walter Reade Theater, and Alice Tully Hall. Viewers are invited to chart their own course through the work, and to draw their own thematic connections as they go and then join Directors Eline Jongsma and Kel O'Neill for a discussion about the genesis of this one of a kind experiential documentary.
Katerina Cizek's A Short History of the Highrise.
48 Hour Games – New York Premiere
Director: Suvi Andrea Helminen – (Appearing in Person)
Saturday, September 28 at 5:00PM
48 Hour Games is an interactive "choose your own adventure" style documentary that is as much a game as it is a film. Shot during the Nordic Game Jam, an event that annually brings together more than 300 game developers from all parts of Scandinavia, the film is an intense exploration of the creative process. Fueled by caffeine, competition, and perhaps a little madness, 48 Hour Games tracks the soaring highs and depressing lows of the Game Jam teams as they work towards the epic grand finale. Originally released as an online experience for a single user, NYFF Convergence will host a fully interactive screening of the film with creator Suvi Andrea Helminen – an event that will ask the audience to chart the course of story through a process that the film magazine Ekko describes as "…somewhere in between democracy and "survival of the fittest" – the ones who shout louder get to decide…it's about cheering with your whole body. "
No More Roadtrips? – New York Premiere
Director: Rick Prelinger – (Appearing in Person)
Saturday, September 28 at 9:00PM
Artfully assembled from thousands of home movies and amateur films, No More Roadtrips?, the latest film from archivist and filmmaker Rick Prelinger (Lost Landscapes of San Francisco; Lost Landscapes of Detroit), explores the highways and byways of a period in American history that may well be in our rearview mirror. Focusing on road culture and the idea of "peak travel," the film is a participatory experience that depends upon audiences to provide the soundtrack and narration. No More Roadtrips? is a perpetual work in progress, a piece that cannot be completed until you, the audience, lends your voice to the images to this one of a kind interactive cinema experience.
Keystone Presentations
Captain Ahab's Motorcycle Club
Presented by Cory McAbee
Sunday September 29, 5:00PM
Writer, musician, director, actor Cory McAbee (American Astronaut, Stingray Sam; Crazy & Thief) returns to the Film Society to discuss his most recent project, The Embalmer's Tale. Set in an America still reeling from the Civil War, the film charts the 1600 mile journey that carried the body of President Abraham Lincoln from Washington D.C to Springfield, Il, and the lives of the soldiers, surgeons, and morticians tasked with keeping the president's remains intact. Through a global collaborative known as Captain Ahab's Motorcycle Club, McAbee is leading a band of fans, filmmakers, illustrators, actors, and artists in creating a crowdsourced storyworld of epic scope. In a presentation featuring live music and video pieces from the project, McAbee will share anecdotes from the front lines of this truly original experiment in collaborative art.
The Cloud Chamber Mystery
Presented by Christian Fonnesbech and Frederik Øvlisen
Saturday September 28, 11:00AM
Billed as the world's first premium online mystery community, Cloud Chamber is an enthralling collaborative experience that is part alternate reality game, part film, part social network, and in its way altogether original. Players are asked to work together via a single web portal to uncover the story of a young scientist who risked her sanity and betrayed her father in order to save humanity from its most dangerous enemy: itself. The project stars Gethin Anthony (Game of Thrones) and Jesper Christensen (Casino Royale, Quantum of Solace) and is produced by Vibeke Windeløv (Breaking the Waves, Dogville). In a session featuring an in-depth exploration of this unique storyworld, director Christian Fonnesbech and CEO Frederik Øvlisen will discuss the genesis of the project and their vision as well as the challenges involved with building and marketing this new interactive experience.
Eline Jongsma and Kel O'Neill's The Empire Project
Hollow and the Call to Action: Elaine McMillion On the Role Interactive Docs Play in Ongoing Narratives
Presented by Elaine McMillion
Sunday September 29, 11:00AM
Launched in 2013, Hollow is an interactive documentary that merges cinematic techniques with web-based storytelling to encourage a dialogue about the issues facing small town America. Part of a new wave of documentary cinema that creates immersive environments that literally calls their audiences to action, Hollow is a story of hope that strives to not only address the issues through storytelling but help provide potential solutions. Director Elaine McMillion will take the Convergence stage to reflect on the project and the evolution of the documentary creator from filmmaker to facilitator, offering audiences an insider's view to this essential piece of contemporary web-based storytelling.
A Short History of the Highrise – World Premiere
Director: Katerina Cizek
Produced by the National Film Board of Canada and The New York Times
Monday September 30, 6:30PM
A Short History of the Highrise is an interactive documentary that explores the 2,500-year global history of vertical living and issues of social equality in an increasingly urbanized world. The centerpiece of the project is four short films. The first three (Mud, Concrete and Glass) draw on The New York Times's extraordinary visual archives, a repository of millions of photographs which have largely been unseen in decades. Each film is intended to evoke a chapter in a storybook, with rhyming narration and photographs brought to life with intricate animation. The fourth chapter (Home) is comprised of images submitted by the public. The interactive experience incorporates the films and, like a visual accordion, allows users to dig deeper into the project's themes with additional archival materials, text and micro-games. The festival premiere will include a screening of the films, followed by a walk-through demonstration of highlights from the interactive experience.
Making Movies as the Ultimate Social Medium
Presented in collaboration with Digital Hollywood NYC
Saturday, September 28 at 2:00PM
In the early 2000's advances in inexpensive digital video cameras and easy to use editing software placed the means of production in the hands of any person with the will to become a filmmaker. It wasn't long before web sites like YouTube and Vimeo provided creators with a way to get their work seen by a global audience. Technology is once again revolutionizing filmmaking – from professional creators to novice makers – this time fueled by crowdfunding and microfinance sites likes Kickstarter, IndieGogo, and Seed & Spark. With technology, distribution, and finance readily available to hungry creatives this panel of industry pros asks the question "has there ever been a better time to create content?"
Producing Convergence: A History of Multiplatform Collaboration
Presented in partnership with the Producers Guild of America New Media Council.
Saturday, September 28 at 3:30PM
The Producers Guild of America (PGA) has been recognizing producers working on platforms beyond television and movie screens for a decade, and in that time, the opportunities to create new media types has expanded exponentially. Seasoned PGA members will share some of their early work integrating the creative process on multiple platforms and describe how those techniques have evolved into what we see today. We will discuss the process, business models, team and tools, as well as the ins and outs of working with producers on multiple platforms as it relates to projects involving: film, animation, digital distribution and platform extension. The art of producing holds many similarities even though the art that is produced may lead to very different experiences. How do leaders in the field keep a handle on creative consistency while breaking new ground with technology? How do you produce successful convergent material?
Transmedia Storytelling & Documentary Film
Presented in partnership with the Writers Guild of America, East.
Saturday, September 28 at 12:30PM
The word "transmedia" often conjures images of interactive worlds filled with fictional characters and vast story arcs yet some of the most compelling work being done by creators today is in field of immersive, multiplatform documentaries. Moderated by Orlando Bagwell (MLK; Hymn: Remember Alvin Ailey; JustFilms), this panel will explore some of the most intriguing work being done in the field today – nonfiction pieces that tell their story in film, television, online, and in living color – and discuss the profound effects of synthesizing the cutting edge storytelling techniques with riveting documentary material. Featuring panelists actively developing immersive projects and those engaging with the form for the first time the discussion promises a twist on the classic adage – that the truth can be much more engaging than fiction.
Platform Agnostic, Brand Specific
Presented in collaboration with Digital Hollywood NYC
Sunday, September 29 at 12:30PM
What do trendy tastemakers, magazine publishers and traditional television networks have in common? They all need to become platform agnostic and transcend their roots to cross into new and uncharted territory. While Daily Candy is transforming from an aggregator into an original content generator with high aspirations, Condé Nast has long provided filmmakers with material for first-rate adaptations. HBO and Bravo on the other hand started out as TV's innovators on cross platform extensions and quickly left their TV roots behind for HBOgo and Bravo-online. What does it take to succeed in a world increasingly defined by the content produced and less by the means audiences discover it and what can indie creators learn from these trendsetters?


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Controversy Erupts Over Sex-Segregated Brooklyn Bus
It's been a few decades since Americans were engaged in a back-of-the-bus controversy. Now a popular bus route between two New York City neighborhoods is reviving the issue.
Last Wednesday, Melissa Franchy boarded the B110 from Williamsburg to Boro Park, two Hasidic Jewish neighborhoods in Brooklyn. She was accompanying her friend, Sasha Chavkin, a reporter for The New York World, a Columbia Journalism School publication. Their mission: Find out what would happen if Franchy sat at the front of the bus.
At first, nothing happened. Then she was approached by another passenger, a Hasidic Jewish man.
"And he said, 'OK, you should sit at the back because women sit at the back on this bus and men sit in the front.' And I looked at him and said, 'OK, why?' And he said, 'Well, that's the rule because this is a private Jewish bus.' "
Franchy asked the driver if this was permitted. He didn't speak enough English to respond. Then she noticed two Hasidic women at the back of the bus.
"One of them was rolling her eyes; the other one said, 'Just move, I mean, that's the way it is. You don't ask.' And then the man said, 'When the Lord gives a rule, you don't question it.' "
The rule, says Shulem Deen, who spent the first 29 years of his life as a Hasidic Jew, is steeped in ultra-Orthodox tradition.
"Essentially, it's based on the idea that men and women should generally be separate, should inhabit different spheres of life in public in particular," Deen says.
Deen, who is editor of Unpious.com, says Hasidic men and women don't socialize or casually mix in public; many believe it is wrong to look at a woman outside the house. Deen says in recent years, he's noticed an upsurge in gender separation.
"It's become more codified," he says. "Now you have signs on the streets, telling you, 'Women, please step aside from men,' whereas in the past, that never would have been necessary."
But the tradition is running afoul of New York's civil rights laws. True, a private, company, Private Transportation Corp., owns the bus. But the company was awarded the route from the city. Therefore it can't discriminate — a point Mayor Michael Bloomberg reiterated on Wednesday.
For his part, Deen, is not surprised the B110 is making news.
"I think Americans react very viscerally to hearing about it because of the civil rights movement, because Rosa Parks became such an icon of that particular struggle — of-front-of-the-bus/back-of-the-bus discrimination."
Now the city's Department of Transportation has sent the bus company a letter saying it is violating the law and demanding a response by Wednesday. The company has not responded, nor have Hasidic leaders: The Jewish holiday of Sukkot runs through Saturday evening, and until then, Hasidic believers do not answer the telephone.
Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Yahoo ramps up video effort with new online comedy video series
Yahoo Inc bolstered its line-up of online video programming on Monday with two original comedy series and a new Web channel that will stream live concerts.
Yahoo Inc bolstered its line-up of online video programming on Monday with two original comedy series and a new Web channel that will stream live concerts.
The two comedy series, which Yahoo will show on its website next year, are the first long-form original comedies in Yahoo's growing selection of online video. Each series will consist of eight 30-minute episodes which Yahoo will post on its website all at once.
The new programs underscore the struggling Web portal's efforts to bolster its traffic and its advertising revenue by streaming more video programs on its website. Yahoo operates some of the world's most frequently visited online destinations, but its revenue has been stagnant for several years.
Online videos are particularly appealing to Internet companies such as Yahoo because of the high-priced video ads that can be sold alongside the programs.
Other Space, a 'galactic adventure' set in the 22nd century, is being created for Yahoo by Paul Feig, who directed the film Bridesmaids and who created the Freaks and Geeks television series. Sin City Saints, which follows the owner of a fictional pro basketball expansion team, is the product of executive producer Mike Tollin and director Bryan Gordon, whose resumes include TV shows such as Smallville, One Tree Hill and Curb Your Enthusiasm.
A Yahoo spokeswoman declined to discuss the financial terms involved in the video deals.
Yahoo also announced a new partnership with concert promoter Live Nation that will involve streaming one live concert every day beginning in the summer.
Internet companies are increasingly rushing to produce original online video programming, as consumers spend more time on the web and as devices such as the Roku and Microsoft Corp's Xbox allow consumers to stream online video straight to their television sets.
Microsoft announced several new original online video programs, including a soccer reality show, earlier on Monday.
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It just dawned on me that of all the years I've been blogging, I have never shared our absolute favorite recipe for cutout sugar cookies. I think the reason is, I never have an end picture. Either it's dark by the time we are totally done decorating or we've eaten them all already, but for some reason, this recipe has never graced the pages of Dine & Dish.
You are ok if I share the recipe with you without an end picture, right? Will you take my word that this recipe yields sweet, buttery, perfectly soft sugar cookies? Actually, I do have an end shot in this post for Milk and Cookies Cocktail that I created for Simple Bites. Looks good, right?
I can't take credit for this recipe. Long before I started Dine & Dish, I hung out over at AllRecipes and Recipezaar (now Food.com). This was one of the first cookie recipes I tried from AllRecipes and it is our go-to cutout sugar cookie recipe each holiday season! If you need a solid cut out sugar cookie recipe, you can't go wrong with the one I'm sharing today. Happy baking!
The Best Rolled Sugar Cookies (From AllRecipes)
- 1 1/2 cups butter, softened
- 2 cups white sugar
- 4 eggs
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 5 cups all-purpose flour
- 2 teaspoons baking powder
- 1 teaspoon salt
- In a large bowl, cream together butter and sugar until smooth. Beat in eggs and vanilla. Stir in the flour, baking powder, and salt. Cover, and chill dough for at least one hour (or overnight).
- Preheat oven to 400 degrees F (200 degrees C). Roll out dough on floured surface 1/4 to 1/2 inch thick. Cut into shapes with any cookie cutter. Place cookies 1 inch apart on ungreased cookie sheets.
- Bake 6 to 8 minutes in preheated oven. Cool completely.


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About Us
Indian cuisine is a combination of many subtle tastes. Flavours are as varied as is the climate of India, and as exotic as the people of India. Fragrant, pungent and warm spices from the four corners of the country are delicately blended in meticulous proportions to create the dishes we present to you. Each dish will have its own distinctive flavour and aroma which cannot come from any curry powder, but from spices which have to be separately prepared each day fresh for each individual dish. The blending and preparation of spices is a centuries-old craft and indispensable to Indian cuisine. Our traditional dishes are rooted in the soil of India and they are prepared in our restaurant as they would be in our own homes.
Established in 2020.


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Can Spain Conquer America With Sandwiches?
The ambitious Spanish sandwich chain 100 Montaditos plans to out-Starbucks Starbucks in the rapid growth department by building 4,000 restaurants in the U.S. over the next five years. Could a European company actually pull off such a feat?
Well, 100 Montaditos seems to think so. Five reasons why we should entertain these ambitious conquistadores, if only for a few minutes:
- In just four years, they've doubled the number of outlets in their home country to 200.
- Their stores in Miami are booming.
- Their prices rival those of Subway, with most sandwiches costing between $1 and $2. You can eat a few sandwiches for only $5! And you will have to, because these things are only like five inches long.
- Despite the low prices, they offer quite a fancy and expansive menu—sandwich ingredients include salmon, hearts of palm, arugula, duck mousse, and Iberic cheese. But you can also get stuff like straight-up PB&J.
- Their restaurants are pleasant. "We see Americans coming to our restaurant there, and they relax and enjoy the atmosphere as if they were in Spain," says the chain's general director, Carlos Pérez. (Can you do work on your computer while you're relaxing?)
Okay, so #1 and #2 are encouraging signs, #3 definitely works in their favor considering, and #5 will probably be fine now that America's convenience-obsessed robo-hobo diners have come to expect more glamour out of their swamp-food establishments. But #4, which relates to the actual food itself, suggests that the 100 Montaditores don't really "get" the American palate. Sure, they got fries—but also side orders of roasted nuts and olives. And the nuts and olives aren't even deep-fried, or dipped in a sugary glaze and then deep-fried.
Maybe they could try peddling Iberian "cheez," and add "valu" to the names of some items, but even those tricks don't seem like enough to bridge the Arugula Gap. And as for "pink sauce," well, try selling that in Abilene.
"There's nothing wrong with dreaming big, but it's massively difficult [to] achieve that growth pace," Larry Miller, a managing director at Atlanta's RBC Capital Markets, tells Businessweek. "Nobody here has ever done it, and it may be even more difficult for a foreign company." Starbucks didn't even have 4,000 stores until it was 30 years old.
It's funny how nobody besides American corporations and analysts really understands how capitalism works. [BusinessWeek. Image Trubble/via Flickr]


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Up to [gforth] / gforth
Request diff between arbitrary revisions
Keyword substitution: kv
Default branch: MAIN
Current tag: MAIN
updated copyright years
updated INSTALL, README documented some configuration variables in configure.in
Try to make old libffi.fs work again
updated copyright years
added missing dependency documentation changes
updated cross-configuration information
documentation updates fixed some portability bugs in vmgen-ex and vmgen-ex2 updated copyright years
updated version number documentation changes minor changes
added copyright messages to a lot of files removed some obsolete or non-source files
Declared some environment variables in configure.in cleaned up PEEPHOLE configuration options (no longer used in C code) related documentation changes in INSTALL
Better discussion of cross-installation in INSTALL. Force direct threading everywhere (indirect threading currentldoes not work). make target "gforths" builds and copies all engines.
add kernel.TAGS dependency and target in the Makefile
Added some notes on how to install 'info' files correctly on a GNU/Linux system.
fixed siteinit.fs-related problems
fixed a few Makefile bugs (make clean) renamed blocks.fs:flush-file into flush-blocks fixed bell bug (now flushes the output) documentation changes
documentation changes: added chapter on image files; added concept index bug fixes
Fixed some things with DOS
documented cross-configuration and configuration for broken long long.
fixed some small Makefile bugs
Replaced config.guess config.sub with versions from Autoconf 2.10 added FORTHSIZES configuration variable checked and fixed "make bindist" and "make clean"
Documentation changes Building in a dir different from the srcdir now works a few bug fixes
Improved DOS-compilability.
added postponetest.fs added perform (primitive) minor changes
added more.fs for people with old terminals. WORDS and SEE now now respect the terminal size. a lot of reordering in the Makefile, approaching the GNU standards. factored NAME>STRING out of many words. use AC_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST test in configure.in. removed emitcounter (it was not used anyway). SYSTEM now unpreps and repreps the terminal. fixed byg in prims2x.fs. added NEEDS, ?CSP, !CSP. rewrote ALIAS?.
fixed many small things in Makefile.in and configure.in. Direct threading is now the default on Alphas.
Added INSTALL.DOS make DOS compile fool-proof (almost ;-) Use autoconf macro to select GCC and abort if not available.
replced tester.fs and coretest.fs with the new versions from John Hayes make mostlyclean virtualclean added Cache-flushing now works on the Alpha (other minor changes there) configure now uses gcc by default and passes its GCC variable to the Makefile introduced sourcefilename and sourceline# (and used them in many places).
Added benchmark results Tried to work around if clause in Makefile.in Small bugfix in sokoban
added site-int.fs and, more importantly, support for it. Fixed bugs in SPARC CACHE_FLUSH
some documentation changes added make targets "bench" and "uninstall"
added copyright headers changes to loadfilename & co. to make savesystem transparent to assertions and ~~
Now gforth.fi is a nonrelocatable image containing all of startup.fs etc. savesystem now saves `included-files', too (so require does not start from scratch) added/fixed stack effect and wordset documentation for many words in kernal.fs some reformatting in kernal.fs fixed some wordset info in primitives added strsignal
added tilde expansion to primitives installation now allows parallel versions (like gcc). The version string is now in only one place
fixed bug in resize ("0 n resize" is now equivalent to "n allocate") added primitives call-c and strerror most primitives producing iors now produce error numbers derived from OS error numbers (EAGAIN and its kin) .error now prints OS error messages for OS-derived error numbers. primitives working with ferror now call clearerr added a bit of documentation to glocals.fs to satisfy TeX added definition of CC to Makefile.in again
added ANS Forth implementation of a gforth locals syntax subset added "make test", fixed "make dist" fixed typo in kernal.fs
fixed blocks.fb creation bug by making result of create-file readable.
updated INSTALL and README now demand-paged executables are made everywhere mips.h now supports Irix
* Changed package a bit * New INSTALL file * hash.fs didn't do a good job with 'cold.
added package target to Makefile.in some documentation changes
Updated ToDo and INSTALL; Wrote README; Lifted COPYING and getopt* from other packages; removed $Id$ lines from some files
Initial revision


text:
A coalition of leading drug reform groups has decided against pursuing a ballot initiative this year to legalize the adult use of marijuana in California.
Drug Policy Alliance Deputy Executive Director Stephen Gutwillig said Tuesday that while polling suggests California voters would support such a measure, members of the Coalition for Cannabis Policy Reform want to wait until 2016 so they would have more time to raise money and build public support.
The coalition already had the Secretary of State's clearance to circulate petitions for a legalization initiative, but won't proceed in gathering the signatures needed to qualify it for the November ballot.
A different group also has a legalization measure pending, but the coalition led by the Drug Policy Alliance includes politically powerful organizations such as the ACLU, the NAACP and Law Enforcement Against Prohibition.
The same coalition led the effort to legalize recreational use of marijuana in Colorado and Washington last year.


text:
Vehicle Request Form
We Can Find It For You!
We are constantly on the lookout for the best vehicles to sell and we deal with a number of wholesalers around the country. If you cannot find it on our site, let us know what you are looking for by filling out the form to the right.
Contact Information
Atkin's Auto Deals
Atkin's Auto Deals
1128 East Main Street
Luray, VA 22835
(540) 743-2277 - Sales
(540) 743-2278 - Fax
|Customer Satisfaction is Job One ! ! !
|Email Us
Email us using your online webmail account
Use desktop email (Outlook, Thunderbird, etc...)


text:
No peeking if you don't want to be 'spoiled'!
Use this control to limit the display of threads to those newer than the specified time frame.
Allows you to choose the data by which the thread list will be sorted.
Order threads in...
Note: when sorting by date, 'descending order' will show the newest results first.
Forum Rules


text:
Enhancing the profession to ensure quality patient care.
Sulphur Springs, Texas
San Antonio, Texas
Lake Charles, Louisiana
Shreveport, Louisiana
Alexandria, Louisiana
Kingsville, Texas
Texarkana, Texas
Santa Fe, New Mexico
New Braunfels, Texas
Posted: 24-Aug-23
Location: Sulphur Springs, Texas
Salary: Open
Internal Number: 10653108
Function in the surgical technologist role in the Operating Room. The surgical technologist works under the direct supervision of the perioperative RN circulator and surgeon to facilitate the safe and effective conduct of invasive surgical procedures, ensuring that the operating room environment is safe, that equipment functions properly, and that the operative procedure is conducted under conditions that maximize patient safety. Surgical technologists possess the expertise in the theory and application and maintenance of sterile and aseptic technique and combine the knowledge of human anatomy, surgical procedures, and implementation tools and technologies to facilitate a physician's performance of invasive, therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. Supports the mission, vision and values of Trinity Mother Frances.
Work Type:
Full - Time


text: After his engagement suddenly ends, Joshy and a few his friends decide to take advantage of what was supposed to be his bachelor party in Ojai, California. In their attempt to help Joshy deal with the recent turn of events, the guys turn the getaway into a raucous weekend filled with drugs, booze, debauchery, and hot tubs. Written and directed by Jeff Baena and featuring an ensemble cast of hilarious comedic talents-including Thomas Middleditch (HBO's "Silicon Valley"), Adam Pally (TV's "Happy Endings"), Alex Ross Perry (director of Queen of Earth), Nick Kroll (TV's "The League"), Brett Gelman (TV's "Married") and Jenny Slate (Obvious Child) -Jeff Baena's sophomore feature is a wickedly amusing portrayal of male bonding and emotional incompetence.


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|File Formats and Configurations
packingrules - packing rules file for filesync
$HOME/.packingrules is a packing rules file for filesync. $HOME/.packingrules contains a list of directories and files that are to be packed and synchronized. It also contains a list of directories and files that are to be specifically excluded from packing and synchronization. See filesync(1).
The $HOME/.packingrules file is automatically created if users invoke filesync with filename arguments. By using filesync options, users can augment the packing rules in $HOME/.packingrules.
Many users choose to manually create the packing rules file and edit it by hand. Users can edit $HOME/.packingrules (using any editor) to permanently change the $HOME/.packingrules file, or to gain access to more powerful options that are not available from the command line (such as IGNORE commands). It is much easier to enter complex wildcard expressions by editing the $HOME/.packingrules file.
Blank lines and lines that begin with a pound sign (`#') are ignored.
Any line can be continued by placing a backslash (`\') immediately before the NEWLINE.
All other lines in the $HOME/.packingrules file have one of the following formats:
BASE directory-1 [directory-2]
LIST name ...
IGNORE name ...
There are important differences between the arguments to LIST and IGNORE statements. The arguments to a LIST statement can contain slashes and are interpreted as file names relative to the BASE directories. The arguments to an IGNORE statement are simpler names or expressions that cannot contain slashes. An IGNORE statement will not override a LIST statement. IGNORE statements only exclude files that are found beneath LISTed directories.
If the first name argument to a LIST statement begins with an exclamation point (`!'), the remainder of the statement will be executed as a command. The command will be run in the current BASE directory. The output of the command will be treated as a list of newline separated file names to be packed/synchronized. The resulting file names will be interpreted relative to the enclosing BASE directory.
If the first name argument to an IGNORE statement begins with an exclamation point (`!'), the remainder of the statement will be executed as a command. The command will be run in the current BASE directory. The command will be expected to figure out which names should not be synchronized. The output of the command will be treated as a list of newline separated file names that should be excluded from the packing and synchronization list.
Commands will be broken into distinct arguments and run directly with sh -c. Blanks can be embedded in an argument by escaping them with a backslash (`\') or enclosing the argument in double quotes (` " '). Double quotes can be passed in arguments by escaping the double quotes with a backslash (`\').
LIST lines only apply to the BASE statement that precedes them. IGNORE lines can appear before any BASE statement (in which case they apply to all BASEs) or after a BASE statement (in which case they only apply to the BASE that precedes them). Any number of these statements can occur in any combination. The order is not important.
Example 1 A sample $HOME.packingrules file.
The use of these statements is illustrated in the following $HOME.packingrules file.
# # junk files, not worth copying # IGNORE core *.o *.bak *% # # most of the stuff I want to keep in sync is in my $HOME # BASE /net/bigserver/export/home/myname $HOME # everything in my work sub-directory should be maintained LIST work # a few of my favorite mail boxes should be replicated LIST m/incoming LIST m/action LIST m/pending # # I like to carry around a couple of project directories # but skip all the postscript output # BASE /net/bigserver/export/projects $HOME/projects LIST poindexter epiphany IGNORE *.ps # # the foonly package should always be kept on every machine # BASE /net/bigserver/opt/foonly /opt/foonly LIST !cat .packinglist # # and the latest executables for the standard build environment # BASE /net/bigserver/export/buildenv $HOME/buildenv LIST !find . -type f -a -perm -111 -a -print
|September 8, 2015


text:
Originally posted May 12, 2014.
I have had Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, or M.E, for 20 years. The CDC does not recognize this. They insist that I have a condition called "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome," or CFS. I have M.E.
At the age of 44 I led a charmed life. I had been married to the love of my life for 20 years, and we had two lovely children. We were both college professors - a deliberate choice that allowed us to do what we enjoyed - researching and teaching subjects that deeply interested us - while having the income to live comfortably (because we both worked) and plenty of time to spend with the children (because of the nature of academic life). I had tenure at a good university, although my sights were set higher than that. I had a working relationship as an associate fellow with a research institute at an Ivy League school, which enabled me the luxury of being around the best and the brightest in my field. We traveled all around the country going to each other's conferences, often taking one of the kids along. We also went to four Olympics, two final fours (NCAA basketball championships) and countless playoff games, several World Series, and, eventually, twenty years of baseball AllStar games. We skied in the winter and went to the beach in the summer. It was a charmed life.
On October 24, 1994, I went to my office to grade exams and suffered a blackout. When I came to, I could not understand one word in the Bluebooks in my lap - they might as well have been written in Cyrillic alphabet. It took time - and concentration - to be able to stand. I had fallen down the rabbit hole; my life would never be the same.
Over the next four years I suffered from severe pain in the back of my neck and behind my eyes, 24/7. My muscles ached, and I had migraine-level headaches. I had ataxia, dyslexia, sensitivity to light and sound (to the point I had to wear sunglasses all the time), tinnitus, partial paralysis, memory loss, disorientation, expressive dysphasia, and massive confusion. My family took care of me. Obviously, I could not drive, and by 1996 I was using a wheelchair when I left the house (which someone else had to push).
I was lucky to have a family to take care of me, because I could not take care of myself. I also soon discovered an Internet discussion list of fellow sufferers, and was referred to a very good specialist in Washington, Marsha Wallace (who unfortunately hasn't practiced since 2000). Dr. Wallace taught me to live within my energy envelope and helped with sleep disruption and NMH/POTS, but I continued to deteriorate.
In the fall of 1998, Dr. Wallace introduced me to Dharam Ablashi, a researcher who had just retired from the National Cancer Institute at NIH. Dr. Ablashi had been the co-discoverer of HHV-6 and it's two variants, A and B, while working with AIDS. I had the version the AIDS patients did - Variant A - and my viral load was ten times the amount used to diagnose an active infection.
I would also test positive for active EBV or mono (which I had more than once - most notably in 1990, four years before my collapse, during an outbreak on my college campus), CMV (cytomegalovirus), HHV-7, and three strains of Coxsackie B.
My immune system was severely compromised: My natural killer cell function was less than 3%, I had the defective 37kDa Rnase-L, and I had an abnormal cytokine pattern. But no one knows how all this happened. All we know is that this disease can occur in cluster outbreaks, and it can pop up in individuals. No one in my family got it from me, but I believe the outbreak of EBV in 1990 marked the beginning of my illness - the beginning of the cycle of immune defect-virus-damage that characterizes this disease for many of us. I had to continue to teach through my infection with EBV, including an hour's commute and back, and while I recovered from mono at the end of the fall semester, my health began to deteriorate in seemingly disparate ways, until the ultimate collapse in 1994.
Years later I would have a spinal tap that revealed both HHV-6 and Cytomegalovirus were active in my spinal fluid. No wonder I had the symptoms of encephalitis, and with the stiff neck, meningitis. Along with the muscle pain, that meant literally that I had Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, or M.E., a disease that had been diagnosed in the UK since the mid-1950s. In the United States, however, all I was given was a diagnosis of "chronic fatigue syndrome," a name chosen by committee and adopted by CDC in 1988 to replace the name given a number of cluster outbreaks occurring in the USA at the time, Chronic EBV. They did not mention M.E. - though there were specialists at the meeting who insisted that was the correct diagnosis for these outbreaks. They did not ask anyone in the disease community what they thought of this name. They simply adopted it, and having done so, consigned the disease to the backwaters of medicine where neither research nor treatment could be found.
There could not have been a worse choice of a name for this disease if CDC had hired a focus group, Chronic (as in chronic whiner) Fatigue (as in "yeah, I've been feeling tired lately myself") Syndrome (as in syndrome of the month) - applied to upper middle class white women "trying to have it all" (as the late Bill Reeves of CDC once phrased it) - how inconsequential, silly even. A quarter of a century later, 85% of patients - over one million Americans - have no idea what is wrong with them, because, according to both CDC and private demographic evidence, only 15% have a diagnosis. 26 years later only 15% have a diagnosis. That is a mighty admission of failure.
The infectious disease specialists in northern Delaware dismissed my illness as minor. "You'll be back to normal in two years," they assured me. Oh good, I responded - I won't have to miss more than two seasons before I can go back to skiing. "Oh no," was the response. "You'll never ski again." How was that "normal?" I asked. They got angry at that. That's when I was referred to Dr. Wallace and, thankfully, only had to deal with these people once more, when I was on the antiviral Vistide for my cytomegalovirus infection. Dan Peterson, my new specialist, had asked them to let me get the infusions at their center, and they had agreed. But when I showed up at their office, one of the doctors took me aside and said that they could not let me have Vistide because my medical records showed I "only had CFS - nothing serious, like AIDS or cancer." They said they could not justify using the drug on someone with a diagnosis of CFS - even though it was an FDA-approved drug for the virus CMV, which was active in both my blood serum and my spinal fluid.
Let me repeat that: once given the label Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, I would meet disrespect from many doctors and people at NIH and CDC. None of my extensive testing mattered.
Although the progressive version of M.E. that I suffered from was unusually severe, I turned out to be lucky. I was given the opportunity to go on the experimental Phase III drug Ampligen, in what is called a cost-recovery (I pay cash), compassionate care (I am allowed to do this because I was so very sick), open label (I know I am on the drug so FDA ignores me) study. I have to get Ampligen at the study site by IV infusion twice a week. And FDA can take the drug away from me whenever they want.
I have been on Ampligen for eleven of the past fifteen years. Again, I am unusual in that my illness erupts again within a year of going off the drug (which I did once voluntarily, and once because FDA did take the drug away). FDA has admitted, in writing, that the drug is not toxic. But they are not "convinced" it is effective. My experiences do not count because I was not in a placebo trial; I knew I was on the drug. There is no other drug in the FDA pipeline for either CFS or M.E. (Although there are immune boosters and antivirals available for patients, and an anti-cancer drug called Rituximab is showing some promise). This is the only one expressly targeted to M.E. or CFS. Over one million Americans suffer from my disease. FDA, CDC, NIH - none of them cares - though in fairness, there are individuals within those agencies who do. It is those who make decisions who do not care.
[Side note about the obsession with placebo trials - If just knowing you are on a drug can make your immune markers return to normal, your active viruses return to a dormant stage, and change tests such as SPECT scans and CPET scores, we should all be cured of anything by happy thoughts. Does FDA really believe this?]
So here I am today. I would not have written this were I not on Ampligen. On Ampligen, I can drive, take care of myself (mostly), read a book, work on my own writing, spend time with my children and grandchildren. Off Ampligen I am an invalid in bed in severe pain, curled up in the dark because light is too painful, listening to a favorite movie over and over again.
So twice a week I leave my house at 8:15 and commute by train 100 miles north to Dr. Derek Enlander's office in New York City, the closest site where I can get Ampligen. I usually get home around 7 pm. It is grueling, but at least I am getting the drug that keeps me from being a bedridden invalid.
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis is a serious disease.
CDC betrayed us by giving it a silly-sounding name in 1988 - CFS. NIH allocates $6 million per year to study this disease - a pathetic amount. MS gets $122/year with half the patients; "Behavioral and Social Science" gets almost $5 billion/year from NIH.
We came back with private research initiatives, funded by cash-strapped patients and their families, and more good biomedical research is being published than ever before. The whole concept of what "CFS" is, silly sounding name and all, is undergoing a transformation. And for the first time in my memory, clinicians and researchers have agreed on a definition - the Canadian Consensus Criteria, updated with current research.
So how is our government responding? Suddenly there are three different initiatives within the U.S. department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to redefine the disease and rename it - done behind closed doors. At CDC there is the Multi-site clinical assessment - which brought in respected clinics, but is now being polluted with research from a poorly conceived and run study by CDC in Georgia that used a different definition entirely. HHS has turned to the IOM - Institute of Open Medicine - with a committee of whom the majority are not experts in either CFS or M.E. NIH as a whole has given the "problem" of the name and definition to their "pathways to prevention" program, or P2P. In this case a committee was explicitly created consisting of individuals with NO experience -either medical of personal - with the disease, "like the jury system," a spokesman explained cheerfully. "Stakeholders" with different viewpoints testify to the committee, and then this committee of amateurs will recess and vote on the choice of what to do next. Precisely when did the jury system replace scientific method in determining medical policy?
[The IOM and P2P reports turned out better than expected, particularly the IOM report, because it has helped bring attention to the plight of over one million Americans suffering from a severe neuro-immune disease.]
They are going against the expressed wishes of 60 specialists who signed a letter asking that the U.S. adopt the Canadian Consensus Criteria (CCC), and the public members of the CFS Advisory Committee to HHS asking that the government adopt the CCC, and hold an open workshop of specialists to update it (it is ten years old) with current research results. Why are those of us within the world of M.E. ignored? Why is 60 years of biomedical research into M.E. ignored internationally?
Perhaps more important, why don't people outside our community - people in the media, in government, our doctors, our neighbors, our employers - why don't they know that there is a growing epidemic of a severe, life-altering and in some cases life-taking disease that CDC and NIH are keeping under wraps? I have friends who were teenagers when they got sick, and are now in their 40s. They did not get to marry their soulmate like I did. They did not go to college or have a career. They did not have children or grandchildren (I have two grandchildren now). I was lucky compared to them.
They can barely afford to live from day to day. They cannot afford the testing I have had, and they most certainly cannot afford the treatment I am on.
I have lost friends to this disease; we have lost young people to this disease. The viruses can get into your heart muscle; they can get into your liver. Patients die of rare cancers as well. And then there are the suicides.
There has been a new series of outbreaks in the past five years. Look at those you love, and if you care for them - whether or not you care about us - do something. Because they could be the next victims.
Thank you for reading.
Coda, 15 November 2015. The above was written for May 12, 2014 (ME Awareness Day).
I lost the love of my life, my soulmate, my husband of 40 years, to cancer on July 7, 2013. We had lived in Delaware for 35 years. To stay on Ampligen - and also because both my soul and my body need healing - I have moved to Incline Village, NV, at Lake Tahoe. It is beautiful here. My family (including 2 children and 2 grandchildren) are all back East, but Reno Airport is nearby and I put the cost of Ampligen on a Southwest credit card ... I am able to get my twice-weekly infusions from Dr. Dan Peterson just 2 miles away. And this is a good house for writing, so I hope to be able to finish my book manuscript, "Slightly Alive," this winter. I still live in fear of losing Ampligen. But I'm okay.
It has been 27 years since CDC adopted the silly name "chronic fatigue syndrome," and even they admit that one million Americans have my disease but no diagnosis. Where are they? The question continues to haunt me.
But there are optimistic new developments, from the IOM report (tho flawed, it is getting publicity) to newly locating our disease at NIH in NINDS. Stanford and Columbia Universities are taking the disease seriously. The most intriguing new developments are happening as I write, with healthy professionals finally asking that the PACE trial (whose authors claim cognitive behavior therapy and graded exercise cured "CFS/ME") be investigated by impartial scientists - thank you Dave Tuller, James Coyne, Vince Racaniello, Ron Davis, Jonathan Edwards, Leonard Jason, Bruce Levin, and Arthur Reingold. It would be nice to report that although we don't know the answer, we are finally getting the funds to find it. Even better to be able to say patients are finally being diagnosed, taken care of, and treated. The first step is getting the severity and prevalence of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis recognized. Let us hope that won't take another 27 years.
In the Princess Bride, Miracle Max says, "Your friend here is mostly dead....Mostly dead is slightly alive." And so we are. I have diagnoses of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (M.E.) and CFS. I have immune dysfunctions and persistent viruses: HHV-6A, EBV, CMV, and Coxsackie. HHV-6 and CMV are in my spinal fluid. I've had abnormal SPECT scans and VO2 MAX scores. I am an Ampligen responder. One million Americans suffer in silence from my disease, undiagnosed, untreated, alone. Slightly Alive.
Sunday, November 15, 2015
My 20 years with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis
Posted by Mary Schweitzer at 7:52 PM 6 comments:
Labels: CDC, cfids, CFS, CFSAC, chronic+fatigue+syndrome, FDA, m.e., Mary+Schweitzer, ME, myalgic+encephalomyelitis, NIH
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The competition to host the 2012 Olympic Games is now approaching its climax and two front runners are clearly emerging:
London and Paris have earned praise for their "very high-quality" bids to stage the 2012 Olympic Games in a crucial inspection report published on Monday.
There is clearly everything to play for in a contest which is far from over and, despite all the predictions to the contrary, London is still in with an excellent chance of winning the right to stage the Games. It is for this reason that I feel compelled to impose upon my fellow contributors and our readers and ask them to join with me in grand effort to get behind the Olympic bid. The Paris Olympic bid, that is.
You can start right away by sending messages of support for the Paris bid direct to the IOC by means of this feedback form. You can also send letters to the IOC at Chateau de Vidy 1007 Lausanne Switzerland. Or you can send your support by fax to: 41.21 621 62 16.
You can also contact your local political representatives and tell them how much you would love to see Paris get the 2012 Games and send similar messages to you own national Olympic Committee. Also, don't underestimate the drip-drip propoganda effect of letters to your local and national newspapers, calls to appropriate radio phone-in shows and messages on internet fora and, of course, blog comment sections.
Lastly, I want you all to join me in mass harnessing of psychic suggestive power by concentrating your mind on a mental image of the leafy, sun-dappled boulevards of Paris lined end-to-end with a throng of excited spectators waving and cheering on a procession of spandex-clad Olympians and then chant along with me:
"The Games must go to Paris.
The Games must go to Paris.
The Games must go to Paris.
The Games must go to Paris."
Repeat this mantra over and over again until your positive energy has been imprinted on the ether.
Any other ideas and suggestions for bolstering the Paris bid are warmly welcomed. Remember, that every bit of effort helps and that you can make a difference. You can help spare my home town from having to endure the burden of this costly 20th century anachronism.
In anticipation of your kind assistance, I thank you from the bottom of my heart.


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I've been noticing a few food trends while traipsing through Disney parks, and I think they're important to mention — especially since they seem to be popping up on every menu re-vamp out there.
First, we gotta take a gander at good old macaroni and cheese. When I asked Disney World's Sanaa Chef Bob Getchell about the gourmet mac and cheese trend that seems to be taking over Disney restaurants, he mentioned that chefs like to make food they themselves love; many have fond memories of mac and cheese while they were growing up, and they want to create new and improved contemporary recipes for the dish. Here are a few of our favorite versions on and around Disney property:
Yachtsman Steakhouse
Yacht Club Resort's Yachtsman Steakhouse gets a nod due to a relatively new mac and cheese dish I found on the menu in October. Their truffle mac and cheese uses huge orecchiette noodles and Reypenaer cheese with a touch of truffle oil and a topping of crunchy onions. It's served in a cast iron baking dish that lends a rustic look — very fun! The best part — it tastes amazing. Rich, tangy, creamy sauce nestles into those pasta pieces and serves as the perfect accompaniment to the meal. This is sold as a side dish only, so be sure to look for it at the bottom of the menu.
Le Cellier
Not to be outdone, Epcot's Le Cellier Steakhouse has also introduced some mac and cheese on the menu. Served in a cast iron skillet, elbow macaroni is mixed with creamy cheese (they don't mention what kind on the menu, but my guess is black diamond cheddar is in there somewhere) and baked 'til the crumb topping is golden brown. This is a huge portion, so get it to share or as your entree.
Napa Rose
Disneyland's Napa Rose has some of the best gourmet mac and cheese I've tasted to date. This Truffled "Mac & Cheese" with Orecchiette Pasta and Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese is served in a small, personal copper pot, and the richness just doesn't stop. This stuff is not for the faint of heart — you can check out my triplex of photos (including some graphic shots of the buttery sauce) in my Napa Rose review!
Bull and Bear Steakhouse
At the Waldorf Astoria Orlando in the middle of Disney World property, you'll be absolutely pampered at the Bull and Bear Steakhouse. On the menu here is another massive portion of gourmet mac and cheese, again served in a cast iron skillet fresh from the oven. Strong, flavorful cheeses compliment the softer cream and butter textures and flavors; and this version was extremely creamy instead of sticky or overly thick. You'll also find that quintessential crumbly breadcrumb topping here.
Les Chefs de France
If you've been to Les Chefs de France in Epcot and haven't tried the Gratin de Macaroni, it's time to go back. 😉 Yes, it's very rich, but it's just an incredible version of the dish and well worth ordering. This is probably a good one to share as well; it's a large portion.
By now, we know the story of the incredible mac and cheese at Animal Kingdom Lodge's Jiko and its mysterious disappearance from the menu earlier this year. However, it can still be ordered from the kids' menu, and I highly suggest you do so! Ask your server if you can get it with some of that red wine sauce that used to accompany the filet when mac and cheese was the side for that dish — heavenly!
Artist Point
While the old version of Artist Point's mac and cheese side dish has been rotated off the menu, they are still serving a gorgeous Black Diamond cheddar mac and cheese as a side to the Buffalo striploin. While this version isn't as creamy and rich as the last, it's a good accompaniment to the striploin and offers a lighter tasting mac and cheese for those who'd rather not feel the aftereffects of such a heavy meal in their bellies! You'll find Artist Point in Disney's Wilderness Lodge Resort.
Liberty Tree Tavern
Loads of guests tout the Magic Kingdom's Liberty Tree Tavern mac and cheese (served as a side dish at dinner), but here's a secret — it's actually Stouffer's! No qualms from me, though — I love that bright yellow deliciousness! (Thanks to MFontaine for submitting this photo to the Disney Food Blog Photo Extravaganza on Flickr!)
Have you noticed any food trends in Disney World, or have you had the chance to sample some mac and cheese yourself? Let us know what you think in the comments section below, or find us over on twitter and facebook! 🙂


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The notion of "burden-sharing" in relation to refugees has a checkered history. The concept started life in the 1950s as a principle for promoting international solidarity among states receiving refugees. But over the past decade it has been used—or abused—by different protagonists to justify quite divergent policies: from the dispersal of asylum seekers or refugees among countries, to the evacuation of Kosovar refugees from Macedonia, to more recent proposals for reinforcing protection of refugees in their region of origin. Indeed, the concept has been so widely applied as to almost lose coherence. That said, it has proved remarkably resilient, surviving attempts to replace it with more euphemistic notions of "solidarity" or "balance of efforts." So what is the enduring appeal of this concept, and does it have a future?
The 1950s Concept
"Burden-sharing" was first used to refer to the need for sharing responsibility for protection of refugees in situations of mass influx. The preamble to the United Nation's 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees states that granting asylum "may place unduly heavy burdens on certain countries," implying the need for "international cooperation." Since then, this has been interpreted as requiring two main sorts of action. The first has been providing financial assistance for countries of asylum—usually less-developed states—to help them with the care and maintenance of refugees, mainly through funding the activities of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in countries of asylum.
The second type of action has involved what might be termed "physical" as opposed to financial burden-sharing: i.e., the dispersal of refugees among states. This type of "resettlement" approach was adopted to deal with the refugee crisis triggered by the Hungarian uprising in 1956, those fleeing Chile after the Pinochet coup in 1973, or schemes for resettlement of Vietnamese refugees from 1979 onwards.
National Burden-sharing
Over the same period, dispersal systems were also being applied at the national level in a number of refugee-receiving countries, although not always under the rubric of "burden-sharing." Since the 1940s, West Germany and its reunfied successor state has been distributing refugees and asylum seekers among its federal states in proportion to the population of each state; Austria, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the UK have also introduced more or less comprehensive asylum seeker dispersal schemes among different regions. Most of these systems are justified on the grounds that the concentration of asylum seekers in particular areas puts pressure on finite social goods, or creates social tensions—implying that financial transfers alone will not ensure an equitable distribution of the costs of receiving asylum seekers.
European Debates Since the 1990s
National dispersal practices were among the factors that inspired proposals in the 1990s for burden-sharing at the European level. There were two main strands to this debate:
Intra-EU Burden-sharing. First came a discussion on possible forms of burden-sharing of refugees or asylum seekers among European Union (EU) states. In 1994, Germany proposed a system of physical dispersal of temporary protection seekers, under which people would be dispersed among EU countries based on criteria of population, GDP, and size of territory. The proposal was rejected in this form, but a watered-down version did feature in subsequent EU legislation on temporary protection. This version called for states to take into account that responsibility for temporary protection seekers should be "shared on a balanced basis in a spirit of solidarity."
Since then, various mechanisms for distributing refugees or the costs of receiving them have been mooted, and a number adopted. In 1997, the European Refugee Fund was set up to provide financial assistance to EU states receiving large numbers of asylum seekers and refugees. The Kosovo Evacuation Programme in 2000 represented an attempt to promote physical burden-sharing among European states of Kosovar refugees staying in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), although it was based on unilateral quotas rather than a binding system.
A number of EU countries have also viewed harmonization of asylum legislation as a means of ensuring a more equitable distribution of asylum seekers among states. The idea is that countries with relatively generous asylum systems attract more asylum seekers, implying that a convergence of laws in this area would lead to a more just distribution. One could classify this as a form of indirect burden-sharing, whereby redistribution is achieved by trying to address the causes of the current inequitable pattern of distribution. The goal of burden-sharing was also codified in the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997, although by this time the EU had abandoned the phrase in favor of the looser principle of "promoting a balance of efforts" among states.
Table 1: Examples of Burden-sharing Mechanisms
International Burden-sharing. The second set of issues in European burden-sharing debates has been the question of distributing costs among European states and asylum countries in regions of origin. As we have seen, the notion of burden-sharing first came into being as a principle of solidarity with first countries of asylum struggling to assist large numbers of refugees from neighboring countries. But as western European countries became increasingly concerned about the political and socio-economic costs of asylum and temporary protection systems, this notion began to take on a more explicitly self-interested dimension. So-called "reception in the region" was seen as a means of reducing refugee flows to Europe. Ensuring a higher standard of protection and assistance in refugee camps nearer to places of origin, it was argued, would imply reduced costs for western European states. In this sense, it was a form of indirect burden-sharing, whereby better financing of regional refugee camps would provide a greater incentive for refugees to stay in their regions of origin. Somewhat perversely, the classic 1950s concept of burden-sharing was being revived to relieve richer asylum countries of responsibility.
A number of proposals for reception in the region have been debated since the early 1990s. The more modest have argued for providing additional resources for the care and maintenance of refugees in regions of origin. More ambitious models have advocated the establishment of "safe havens" or "safe areas" to provide protection for refugees fleeing civil conflict. Other proposals have suggested establishing "internationally protected areas" (IPAs), which would be leased from host countries by the UN or groups of states. Most recently, the UK has come up with a number of proposals for reception in the region. Particularly controversial has been the idea of "transit camps" in the Balkans or Ukraine where asylum applications for EU countries would be processed. A second proposal for setting up "zones of protection" in regions of origin—starting with a pilot project in the Horn of Africa—was discussed at the June 2003 European Council summit, but rejected by Sweden and Germany.
The most frequent criticism of these proposals for reception in the region is that they would dilute European states' commitment to refugee protection by making it more difficult for refugees to gain access to these countries. But critics have also been concerned that acting on such proposals will have the effect of shifting more responsibility for reception of refugees onto countries less equipped to deal with it. Thus, many have argued that this sounds more like "shifting" than "sharing." It is a more-or-less blatant attempt to off-load politically sensitive problems onto developing countries.
Assessment: What Is the Burden, and How Is It to Be Shared?
Given the plethora of different proposals and mechanisms for burden-sharing, it can be difficult to sort through which are legitimate or workable. One central question is that of the criteria for distribution. Distribution may be based on two different types of consideration: justice-based or outcome-based. Justice-based systems will typically base distribution on static indicators such as receiving-country GDP, population, or size of territory. By contrast, outcome-based indicators are more concerned with the consequences of hosting refugees or asylum seekers: for example, the repercussions of reception and assistance on inter-ethnic relations or security, or on the standard of protection and assistance received by refugees or asylum seekers themselves.
Table 2: Distribution Criteria
In both cases, it is clear why countries that stand to gain from burden-sharing schemes would be motivated to participate in such a system. But what about those countries that would be required to accept more of the burden than in the absence of such a system? One important motive for participation may be what one might term the insurance factor: a burden-sharing system is a way of ensuring that in the worst-case scenario of massive influx, the burden would be shared with other countries.
But the crux of the matter is not just what constitutes "sharing," but also how one defines the "burden" to be distributed. If the "burdens" imposed by receiving large numbers of refugees were simply financial, in some cases it could be sensible for richer countries to pay poorer ones to assist refugees. Financial transfers could relieve Western countries of a politically sensitive problem, and countries in the region might be happy to receive increased financial assistance. As long as protection standards were met, this could be a positive-sum solution.
But this ignores the fact that where large numbers of refugees are received in areas of acute poverty or escalating civil conflict, the effects can be highly destabilizing. This was made abundantly clear in the case of the humanitarian evacuation from FYROM. While EU countries had originally been set on finding a "regional" solution to the refugee crisis in Kosovo, they had to opt instead for inter-regional burden-sharing because of the risk of the escalation of ethnic conflict in Macedonia.
The problem is that in many first countries of asylum, the societal tensions caused by the presence of refugees are not always adequately articulated or managed through democratic channels. Authoritarian governments may in any case place greater weight on securing financial assistance or political backing from rich donor countries, than on responding to local grievances about the presence of refugees. This implies that while receiving countries may not always be as vociferous in their objections to hosting refugees, the tensions are nonetheless there, and potentially far more explosive. The lesson for Western governments is to be cautious about shifting responsibility for reception to less prosperous or unstable states. It may be a quick route to mollifying electorates at home, but it can have damaging repercussions for refugee protection and for stability in regions of origin. Developed countries would therefore do well to pay more attention to outcome-based distribution criteria—the impact of inter-regional burden-sharing not only on protection, but also on internal conflict and security.