text:
In ethics and governance, accountability is answerability, blameworthiness, liability, and the expectation of account-giving.[1] As an aspect of governance, it has been central to discussions related to problems in the public sector, nonprofit and private (corporate) and individual contexts. In leadership roles,[2] accountability is the acknowledgment and assumption of responsibility for actions, products, decisions, and policies including the administration, governance, and implementation within the scope of the role or employment position and encompassing the obligation to report, explain and be answerable for resulting consequences.
In governance, accountability has expanded beyond the basic definition of "being called to account for one's actions".[3][4] It is frequently described as an account-giving relationship between individuals, e.g. "A is accountable to B when A is obliged to inform B about A's (past or future) actions and decisions, to justify them, and to suffer punishment in the case of eventual misconduct".[5] Accountability cannot exist without proper accounting practices; in other words, an absence of accounting means an absence of accountability.
- 1 History and etymology
- 2 Types
- 3 Contemporary studies
- 4 Media and accountability
- 5 Standards
- 6 Proposed symbolism
- 7 See also
- 8 Footnotes
- 9 References
- 10 Further reading
- 11 External links
History and etymology
"Accountability" stems from late Latin accomptare (to account), a prefixed form of computare (to calculate), which in turn derived from putare (to reckon).[6] While the word itself does not appear in English until its use in 13th century Norman England,[7][8] the concept of account-giving has ancient roots in record keeping activities related to governance and money-lending systems that first developed in Ancient Egypt,[9] Israel,[10] Babylon,[11] Greece,[12] and later, Rome.[13]
Bruce Stone, O.P. Dwivedi, and Joseph G. Jabbra list 8 types of accountability, namely: moral, administrative, political, managerial, market, legal/judicial, constituency relation, and professional.[14] Leadership accountability cross cuts many of these distinctions.
Political accountability is the accountability of the government, civil servants and politicians to the public and to legislative bodies such as a congress or a parliament.
Recall elections can be used to revoke the office of an elected official. Generally, however, voters do not have any direct way of holding elected representatives to account during the term for which they have been elected. Additionally, some officials and legislators may be appointed rather than elected. Constitution, or statute, can empower a legislative body to hold their own members, the government, and government bodies to account. This can be through holding an internal or independent inquiry. Inquiries are usually held in response to an allegation of misconduct or corruption. The powers, procedures and sanctions vary from country to country. The legislature may have the power to impeach the individual, remove them, or suspend them from office for a period of time. The accused person might also decide to resign before trial. Impeachment in the United States has been used both for elected representatives and other civil offices, such as district court judges.
In parliamentary systems, the government relies on the support or parliament, which gives parliament power to hold the government to account. For example, some parliaments can pass a vote of no confidence in the government.
Researchers at the Overseas Development Institute found that empowering citizens in developing countries to be able to hold their domestic governments to account was incredibly complex in practice. However, by developing explicit processes that generate change from individuals, groups or communities (Theories of Change), and by fusing political economy analysis and outcome mapping tools, the complex state-citizen dynamics can be better understood. As such, more effective ways to achieve outcomes can hence be generated.[15]
Researchers at the International Budget Partnership (IBP) found that civil society organizations play an important role in achieving accountability outcomes. The IBP case studies showed that CSOs can have an impact in a broad array of political and economic contexts. The researchers concluded that CSOs are most effective when they draw in a broad web of actors from across the accountability system, including the media, auditors, donors, the legislature, executive insiders, and political parties. [16]
Within an organization, the principles and practices of ethical accountability aim to improve both the internal standard of individual and group conduct as well as external factors, such as sustainable economic and ecologic strategies. Also, ethical accountability plays a progressively important role in academic fields, such as laboratory experiments and field research. Debates around the practice of ethical accountability on the part of researchers in the social field - whether professional or others - have been thoroughly explored by Norma R.A. Romm in her work on Accountability in Social Research,[17] including her book on New Racism: Revisiting Researcher Accountabilities, reviewed by Carole Truman in the journal Sociological Research Online.[18] Here it is suggested that researcher accountability implies that researchers are cognisant of, and take some responsibility for, the potential impact of their ways of doing research – and of writing it up – on the social fields of which the research is part. That is, accountability is linked to considering carefully, and being open to challenge in relation to, one's choices concerning how research agendas are framed and the styles in which write-ups of research "results" are created.
Internal rules and norms as well as some independent commission are mechanisms to hold civil servants within the administration of government accountable. Within department or ministry, firstly, behavior is bound by rules and regulations; secondly, civil servants are subordinates in a hierarchy and accountable to superiors. Nonetheless, there are independent "watchdog" units to scrutinize and hold departments accountable; legitimacy of these commissions is built upon their independence, as it avoids any conflicts of interests. The accountability is defined as an element which is part of a unique responsibility and which represents an obligation of an actor to achieve the goal, or to perform the procedure of a task, and the justification that it is done to someone else, under threat of sanction..[19]
Individuals within organizations
Because many different individuals in large organizations contribute in many ways to the decisions and policies, it is difficult even in principle to identify who should be accountable for the results. This is what is known, following Thompson, as the problem of many hands.[20] It creates a dilemma for accountability. If individuals are held accountable or responsible, individuals who could not have prevented the results are either unfairly punished, or they "take responsibility" in a symbolic ritual without suffering any consequences. If only organizations are held accountable, then all individuals in the organization are equally blameworthy or all are excused. Various solutions have been proposed. One is to broaden the criteria for individual responsibility so that individuals are held accountable for not anticipating failures in the organization. Another solution, recently proposed by Thompson, is to hold individuals accountable for the design of the organization, both retrospectively and prospectively.[21]
Constituency relations
Within this perspective, a particular agency of the government is accountable if voices are heard from agencies, groups or institutions outside the public sector representing citizens' interests from a particular constituency or field. Moreover, the government is obliged to empower members of agencies with political rights to run for elections and be elected; or, appoint them into the public sector as a way to make the government representative and to ensure that voices from all constituencies are included in policy-making.
Public/private overlap
With the increase over the last several decades in public service provided by private entities, especially in Britain and the United States, some have called for increased political accountability mechanisms for otherwise non-political entities. Legal scholar Anne Davies, for instance, argues that the line between public institutions and private entities like corporations is becoming blurred in certain areas of public service in the United Kingdom, and that this can compromise political accountability in those areas. She and others argue that some administrative law reform is necessary to address this accountability gap.[22]
With respect to the public/private overlap in the United States, public concern over the contracting of government services (including military) and the resulting accountability gap has been highlighted recently following the shooting incident involving the Blackwater security firm in Iraq.[23]
Contemporary studies
Accountability involves either the expectation or assumption of account-giving behavior. The study of account giving as a sociological act was articulated in a 1968 article on "Accounts" by Marvin Scott and Stanford Lyman,[24] although it can be traced as well to J. L. Austin's 1956 essay "A Plea for Excuses,"[25] in which he used excuse-making as an example of speech acts.
Communications scholars have extended this work through the examination of strategic uses of excuses, justifications, rationalizations, apologies and other forms of account giving behavior by individuals and corporations, and Philip Tetlock and his colleagues have applied experimental design techniques to explore how individuals behave under various scenarios and situations that demand accountability.
Recently, accountability has become an important topic in the discussion about the legitimacy of international institutions.[26] Because there is no global democratically elected body to which organizations must account, global organizations from all sectors bodies are often criticized as having large accountability gaps. The Charter 99 for Global Democracy,[27] spearheaded by the One World Trust, first proposed that cross-sector principles of accountability be researched and observed by institutions that affect people, independent of their legal status. One paradigmatic problem arising in the global context is that of institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund who are founded and supported by wealthy nations or individuals and provide grants and loans, to developing nations. Should those institutions be accountable to their founders and investors or to the persons and nations they lend money to? In the debate over global justice and its distributional consequences, Cosmopolitans tend to advocate greater accountability to the disregarded interests of traditionally marginalized populations and developing nations. On the other hand, those in the Nationalism and Society of States traditions deny the tenets of moral universalism and argue that beneficiaries of global development initiatives have no substantive entitlement to call international institutions to account. The One World Trust Global Accountability Report, published in a first full cycle 2006 to 2008,[28] is one attempt to measure the capability of global organizations to be accountable to their stakeholders.
Accountability in education
Student accountability is traditionally based on having school and classroom rules, combined with sanctions for infringement.
In contrast, some educational establishments such as Sudbury schools believe that students are personally responsible for their acts, and that traditional schools do not permit students to choose their course of action fully; they do not permit students to embark on the course, once chosen; and they do not permit students to suffer the consequences of the course, once taken. Freedom of choice, freedom of action, freedom to bear the results of action are considered the three great freedoms that constitute personal responsibility. Sudbury schools claim that "Ethics" is a course taught by life experience. They adduce that the essential ingredient for acquiring values—and for moral action is personal responsibility, that schools will become involved in the teaching of morals when they become communities of people who fully respect each other's right to make choices, and that the only way the schools can become meaningful purveyors of ethical values is if they provide students and adults with real-life experiences that are bearers of moral import. Students are given complete responsibility for their own education and the school is run by a direct democracy in which students and staff are equals.[29][30][31][32][33][34]
Media and accountability
Econometric research has found that countries with greater press freedom tend to have less corruption.[35] Greater political accountability and lower corruption were more likely where newspaper consumption was higher in data from roughly 100 countries and from different states in the US.[36] A "poor fit between newspaper markets and political districts reduces press coverage of politics. ... Congressmen who are less covered by the local press work less for their constituencies: they are less likely to stand witness before congressional hearings ... . Federal spending is lower in areas where there is less press coverage of the local members of congress."[37] This was supported by an analysis of the consequences of the closure of the Cincinnati Post in 2007. The following year, "fewer candidates ran for municipal office in the Kentucky suburbs most reliant on the Post, incumbents became more likely to win reelection, and voter turnout and campaign spending fell."[38]
An analysis of the evolution of mass media in the US and Europe since World War II noted mixed results from the growth of the Internet: "The digital revolution has been good for freedom of expression [and] information [but] has had mixed effects on freedom of the press": It has disrupted traditional sources of funding, and new forms of Internet journalism have replaced only a tiny fraction of what's been lost.[39] Various systems have been proposed for increasing the funds available for investigative journalism that allow individual citizens to direct small amounts of government funds to news outlets or investigative journalism projects of their choice.
To train people to conduct these kinds of investigations, Charles Lewis has proposed "the creation of a new multidisciplinary academic field called Accountability Studies. ... [S]tudents from widely different academic backgrounds are excited about the prospect of learning exactly how to investigate those in power and hold them accountable."[40]
Accountability standards have been set up, and organizations can voluntarily commit to them. Standards apply in particular to the non-profit world and to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives. Accountability standards include:
- INGO Accountability Charter, signed by a large number of NGOs to "demonstrate their commitment to accountability and transparency"[41]
- AccountAbility's AA1000 series. "principles-based standards to help organisations become more accountable, responsible and sustainable. They address issues affecting governance, business models and organizational strategy, as well as providing operational guidance on sustainability assurance and stakeholder engagement"[42]
- Humanitarian Accountability Partnership (HAP) 2010 standards. A standard for humanitarian organizations to help them "design, implement, assess, improve and recognise accountable programmes"[43]
In addition, some non-profit organizations set up their own commitments to accountability:
- Accountability, Learning and Planning System (ALPS) by ActionAid, a framework that sets out the key accountability requirements,guidelines, and processes.[44]
Proposed symbolism
Viktor Frankl, neurologist, psychiatrist, author, and founder of logotherapy and one of the key figures in existential therapy, in his book Man's Search for Meaning recommended "that the Statue of Liberty on the East Coast (that has become a symbol of Liberty and Freedom) should be supplemented by a Statue of Responsibility on the West Coast." Frankl stated: "Freedom, however, is not the last word. Freedom is only part of the story and half of the truth. Freedom is but the negative aspect of the whole phenomenon whose positive aspect is responsibleness. In fact, freedom is in danger of degenerating into mere arbitrariness unless it is lived in terms of responsibleness."[45][46]
See also
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- ↑ Williams, Reyes(2006) Leadership accountability in a globalizing world. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
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- ↑ Oxford English Dictionary 2nd Ed.
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- ↑ Jabbra, J. G. and Dwivedi, 0. P. (eds.), Public Service Accountability: A Comparative Perspective, Kumarian Press, Hartford, CT, 1989, ISBN 0-7837-7581-4
- ↑ Tembo, F., March 2012, Citizen voice and state accountability: towards theories of change that embrace contextual dynamics Overseas Development Institute, retrieved 23 March 2012
- ↑ van Zyl, Albert, October 2013, Greasing the Wheels of the Accountability System: How Civil Society Organizations Close the Gap between Transparency and Accountability, International Budget Partnership, retrieved 1 December 2014
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Thompson, Dennis (2005). "The Problem of Many Hands" in Restoring Responsibility: Ethics in Government, Business and Healthcare. Cambridge University Press. pp. 33-49. ISBN 978-0521547222
- ↑ Thompson, Dennis F. (2014). "Responsibility for Failures of Government: The Problem of Many Hands," American Review of Public Administration 44 (3): 259–273.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Austin, J.L. 1956-7. A plea for excuses. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society. Reprinted in J. O. Urmson & G. J. Warnock, eds., 1979, J. L. Austin: Philosophical Papers, 3rd edition. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 175-204.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://www.oneworldtrust.org/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=14&Itemid=55
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Greenberg, D. (1992), Education in America - A View from Sudbury Valley, "'Ethics' is a Course Taught By Life Experience." Retrieved, 24 October 2009.
- ↑ Greenberg, D. (1987) The Sudbury Valley School Experience "Back to Basics - Moral basics." Retrieved, 24 October 2009.
- ↑ Feldman, J. (2001) "The Moral Behavior of Children and Adolescents at a Democratic School." Pdf. __This study examined moral discourse, reflection, and development in a school community with a process similar to that described by Lawrence Kohlberg. Data were drawn from an extensive set of field notes made in an ethnographic study at Sudbury Valley School (an ungraded, democratically structured school in Framingham, MA), where students, ranging in age from 4 to 19, are free to choose their own activities and companions. Vignettes were analyzed using grounded theory approach to qualitative analysis, and themes were developed from an analysis of observations of meetings. Each theme describes a participation level that students assume in the process and that provide opportunities for them to develop and deepen understanding of the balance of personal rights and responsibilities within a community. The study adds to the understanding of education and child development by describing a school that differs significantly in its practice from the wider educational community and by validating Kohlberg's thesis about developing moral reasoning. Retrieved, 24 October 2009.
- ↑ The Sudbury Valley School (1970), "Law and Order: Foundations of Discipline" The Crisis in American Education — An Analysis and a Proposal.(p. 49-55). Retrieved, 24 October 2009.
- ↑ Greenberg, D. (1992) "Democracy Must be Experienced to be Learned !" Education in America — A View from Sudbury Valley. Retrieved, 24 October 2009.
- ↑ Reiss, S. (2010), Whatever Happened to Personal Responsibility?. Retrieved August 18, 2010.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://www.ingoaccountabilitycharter.org/about-the-charter/
- ↑ Website: http://www.accountability.org/standards/index.html
- ↑ Webpage: http://www.hapinternational.org/projects/standard/hap-2010-standard.aspx
- ↑ ActionAid (2005). ALPS - Accountability, Learning, and Planning System.
- ↑ Frankl, Viktor Emil (1956) Man's Search for Meaning, p. 209-210.
- ↑ Warnock, C. (2005) "Statue of Responsibility," DAILY HERALD. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- Bovens, Mark. The Quest for Responsibility: Accountability and Citizenship in Complex Organisations (Cambridge University Press, 1998).
- Mastop, Rosja. "Characterising Responsibility in Organisational Structures: The Problem of Many Hands" in Deontic Logic in Computer Science, eds. G. Governatori and G. Sartor (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2010). pp. 274–287. ISBN 978-3-540-70524-6
- Thompson, Dennis F. "Responsibility for Failures of Government: The Problem of Many Hands," American Review of Public Administration 44:3 (2014), 259-273.
- Thompson, Dennis F. "The Responsibility of Advisers" in Restoring Responsibility: Ethics in Government, Business and Healthcare (Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 33–49. ISBN 978-0521547222
Further reading
- Mark Bovens, "Two concepts of accountability: accountability as a virtue and as a mechanism," West European Politics 33 (2010), 946–967.
- Sterling Harwood, "Accountability," in John K. Roth, ed., Ethics: Ready Reference (Salem Press, 1994), reprinted in Sterling Harwood, ed., Business as Ethical and Business as Usual (Wadsworth Publishing Co., 1996).
- David Luban, Alan Strudler, and David Wasserman, "Moral Responsibility in the Age of Bureaucracy," Michigan Law Review 90 (1992), 2348-2392.
- Romm, Norma RA (2001) Accountability in Social Research. New York: Springer. [1]
- Dennis Thompson, "The Responsibility of Advisers" in Restoring Responsibility: Ethics in Government, Business and Healthcare (Cambridge University Press, 2005), pp. 33–49. ISBN 978-0521547222
- Williams, Christopher (2006) Leadership accountability in a globalizing world. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Painter-Morland Mollie, Ghislain Deslandes, (2015), "Authentic leading as relational accountability: Facing up to the conflicting expectations of media leaders", Leadership, online available April 2, DOI:1742715015578307.
External links
|Look up accountability in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.


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|Christ Crowned with Thorns, c. 1633-39
Matthias Stom
Dutch, c.1600-after 1651
Oil on canvas
43-5/8 x 63-3/8 in. (110.8 x 161 cm)
Norton Simon Art Foundation
© Norton Simon Art Foundation
On view
Dutch by birth, Matthias Stom traveled to Rome where he belonged to an important group of Caravaggisti (followers of Caravaggio) active there in the early seventeenth century. Like Caravaggio, they ranked naturalism and drama high in their pictorial subjects. "Christ Crowned with Thorns" describes a nighttime scene of torment, illuminated by a single candle. Such a device, favored by the Caravaggisti, created the strong effects of light and dark seen here. The immediacy of Christ's suffering and the cruelty of the soldiers results from the arrangement of all hands and faces directed toward the center.
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|Title: : 1 of 1

subset: commoncrawl


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Sunday, 31 May 2015
Spray Away
I stamped this flower stamp (I think it might be Kaisercraft or Kanban ?? Lost packet as usual) days ago and had it sitting on my desk, wondering what to do with it.
Then I saw the 'Play misty for me' challenge at Shopping Our Stash . I do use sprays - normally I spritz a little over an inked background, or do a little squirt to distress a finished piece. My son (aged 8) LOVES sprays and squirts them liberally and messily. So I decided to spray like an 8-year-old and whoosh it all on ...I used at least four different spray mists here.
After drying off my sprays, I added some more targetted colour to the petals with alcohol pens and did some highlights with white pen.
Saturday, 30 May 2015
Purrfect Princess
Try it on Tuesday's challenge is to add a crown, which put me in mind of the quote I've used. I remembered some 'animal ' themed challenges - domestic animals at My Time to Craft and 'all creatures great and small' at Crafty Creations. This made me think of a cat - they really do seem to think they're royalty, don't they? As Challenge up Your Life are having a digi stamp challenge, I searched my computer and found this one by Oak Pond Creations, which I coloured and added a crown and the quote.
For my background I used foiled cardstock and embossing from a doily pattern folder I got free with a magazine yesterday. The challenge at Crafting When we can is 'bling it up'. I added clear glitter to the crown and heart, and gem flourishes,
Case-ing Deepti
Time Out are case-ing Deepti and so I want to join in. Here's Deepti's card:
For my card I used a Clearly Besotted set that came with a magazine (sentiment and smaller jar), a jar by Stampin Up, and the other stamps are Alte New. I know you might think I've done a weird colour thing on the flower - the style of flower reminds me of 50s prints and so felt the red and mustard accentuated that. I tried doing the head in one colour and also alternating stripes , but I just preferred it like this!
As well as Time Out, I'd like to enter:
Use your Stuff flowers
Stamplorations stamps and leaves
Friday, 29 May 2015
Anyone for Demis (Roussos) ?
|Welcome to my gracious library.
Here's what it was supposed to look like (view B):
My daughter's partner saw the photo and asked if I was wearing a sheet.
With hindsight.......perhaps I should have made it in a floatier material.
Also, I think there was a problem with the sizing as the sizes in the packet were in US or European sizes and of course, in the UK we do our own thing regarding clothes sizes. So I followed their advice and measured my bust and made the corresponding size according to their chart. But....my bust is quite big and it's the only place the top fits! The neckline slips off the shoulders and there's enough room for a 5 year old child at the waist!
This 'top' will be perfect for the beach...I could totally change out of my swimsuit into my clothes and no-one would spy an inch of flesh!
Wednesday, 27 May 2015
Circles and Numbers
This card, using the sketch from Crafty Boots was made using technology (Silhouette cutting machine) and traditional methods.
I wanted a row of sketchy circles, but I don't have any stamps (and don't even think about freehand!) , so I made some in Silhouette Studio and used the sketch pens to draw them electronically. ( The border was drawn at the same time).
I had to experiment with colouring them. I tried watercolouring with ink but the pen ran too much, so I used alcohol markers.
Then I used one of my favourite stamp sets (7 Gypsies 'numbers' ) to stamp numbers and words. Finally, I electronically die-cut the sentiment.
As well as Crafy Boots, I'd like to enter:
That's Crafty number's up
Addicted to Stamps anything goes
Simon Says Stamp Monday thanks
Tuesday Throwdown anything goes
Tuesday, 26 May 2015
Stepping Out
The challenge at CD Sunday is 'Stepping out ' and it didn't take me long to think that I might find something suitable of the Crafter's Companion Frou Frou CD. This is a lovely CD, but I really don't like Crafter's Companion's CD interface. The categories are meaningless to me ( what do 'couture collections' and 'card companions' actually mean?), and you have to trawl through a lot of folders to find a single design, often with just colour variations. What a shame, as a lot of the content is very good.
Luckily, when I bought this CD it came with a copy in the Craft Artist format and this made it relatively easy to find a couple of images of dressed-up women. I cropped them just above the knees to focus on the legs and shoes 'stepping out'. The frame and flower were die-cut, using Fancy Pants Park Bench paper, and I added a charm and a stamped sentiment(Clearly Besotted).
I'd also like to enter:
Suzy Bee's Bloomin Challenge girlie
Quirky Crafts shoes
Allsorts birthday
Seize the Birthday birthday
Monday, 25 May 2015
What the rabbit saw
Before I get carried away let me tell you what I used here. As I was using paint I used the back of a cereal packet as it's a bit firmer ...and it has creases and flaws which add to the texture. For the background I used acrylic paints and Distress Ink Spray . I stamped the tree swing (Stampin Up) and grasses (Indigo Blu), drew the fence by the tree ( I think this is as far as my drawing talents take me) and stamped the flowers (Impression Obsession) in a mix of paints. Finally I inked the edges and accidentally squewged a big dollop of 'wink of stella' over it ....after a rescue, managed to leave a sparkly sheen on the flowers. But does it show up in the photo????? Smudges etc show up; subtle glittering never does!
I'd like to enter:
Anything but Cute vintage garden
Mixed Media Monthly May flowers
A Gem of a Challenge flowers
Uniko flowers
Stamping Sensations flower power
Polar Bear in a Jumper
Here's a jolly Christmas card. The stamps (apart from the sentiments) are from My Favourite Things and the papers are Bo Bunny.
I'd like to enter:
Crazy 4 Challenges green
Dis Digi Designs two or more designer papers
abc Christmas Challenge j is for Joy
Crimbo Crackers anything goes
Christmas at Sweet Stampin cute Christmas
Make My Monday - Use Kraft
This week at Make My Monday the challenge is to use kraft card.
Here's a card for a one-year-old's birthday and it would have been quick and easy except for one thing....I decided to use my new Pixscan mat with the Silhouette electronic cutting machine. This was because the baby is half Australian and I found these kangaroos in the middle of some patterned paper and thought they'd be just right. Technology is great ...but you can't rush the learning curve on a new gadget! So learning how to use the Pixscan mat took longer than anything else on this card.
I hope you'll join in the challenge at Make My Monday.
I'd like to enter:
Cards 4 Guys world wildlife
QKR Stampede children's birthday card
Crafty Catz kids
Sunday, 24 May 2015
Gold and Silver Stars
I made this card for two challenges and it was finished days ago, and I've been trying to get a decent photo ever since.
At One Layer Christmas Card Challenge the theme is 'stars', and I decided to combine this with the challenge at Shopping Our Stash , which is 'silver and gold'.
These stamps are by Sarah Hurley. I embossed the stars using a mix of silver and gold embossing powder, and the sentiment is embossed in gold. I just wish the subtle metallic mix would show up on the photo!
I'd also like to enter this for the anything goes challenge at Christmas Card Challenges .
Saturday, 23 May 2015
Inkspirational Surprise Challenge and Prize Draw
At Inkspirational we are having a special surprise challenge in honour of our DT member, Pia , who is getting married next week.
We are sponsored by Clearly Besotted and to enter our prize draw you have to make a card featuring the colour purple ...and you get an extra entry if your card is on a wedding/love theme.
I hope to see you at Inkspirational for this special event.
I'd like to enter:
CASology wedding
Just add Ink wedding
Fairytale Challenge feathers and wings
Branch with Lantern
This stamp came free with Cardmaking and Papercraft magazine.I coloured it with markers and gel pens and added twine and a dragonfly charm. The sentiment is from another set.
I'd like to enter:
Moving Along with the Times colour
Addicted to Stamps photo
Less is More metal (charm)
Challenge up your life twine
Simply Create Too keep it simple
Empty Box Project #19 - Cat with Thanks
One of the problems with a lot of the stamps you get free with magazines, is that they seem too small to make an impact. I decided to make the smallness of this cat (coloured with Promarkers) a feature by placing it between tall panels of patterned paper.
Just to recap:
On New Year's day I revealed my stamping shame - a big box of unused stamps - and started my Empty Box project. My aim is to work through the box , one stamp/ stamp set at a time and see if I can use them. If I can't use them, I will dispose of them. The aim is to finish with an empty box.
I'd like to enter:Fab n Funky flora or fauna
Addicted to CAS animal
Chocolate Coffee and Cards must say thank you
One Stitch at a Time appreciation
Monday, 18 May 2015
Creative Cutting Challenge - Summer
Our new theme at Creative Cutting Challenge is 'summer' .
For my DT project I used Shells cutting file from The Creative Pointe. I also used paper and the sun from Cosmo Cricket and blue frantage.
To join in our challenge, all you need to do is create a 'summer' project using an svg (electronic) cutting file. Hope to see your project at Creative Cutting Challenge.
I'd like to enter:
Scrap our Stash E = embossing (frontage), M= metal (flair badge) , B=burlap, O= oo in cool, S= shell, S= sun (peeping over photo)
Make My Monday - Things with Wings
This week our challenge at Make My Monday is a real crowd-pleaser : 'Things with Wings' . Think birds, butterflies, areoplanes......I've chosen an angel to add to my Christmas card stash.
I wanted to try something new for me... creating an acetate card front and stamping onto it. I stamped the Paper Artsy angel using Staz-on and added the border (Creative Expressions) and sentiment (Sarah Hurley). I coloured it in with Marvy Metallic Markers in pink and silver. The slightly distressed look was exactly what I was going for ...honestly! I added grey pearls to the border.
We would love you to join us at Make My Monday with your 'Things eith Wings' projects... see you there.
I'd like to enter:
One Layer Christmas Card Challenge angel
Crafty Hazelnut's Christmas Challenge Extra anything goes
Holly Jolly Christmas clean and simple
Crafty Calendar things with wings
Saturday, 16 May 2015
Insect-Plane Hybrid
I was mulling around a few ideas for challenges... Wings/ foil at Mixed Media Card Challenge , Steampunk at That's Crafty , words at Paper Artsy and grunge/ embossing at Time Out ....when I saw this mood board at Off the Rails Scrapbooking :
I was really inspired by the top left picture - it looks like a cross between a butterfly/dragonfly and a plane - I wanted to capture that look. The sad thing is , although I enjoyed making it, I can't help but be disappointed with it compared to the original!
I designed my insect/plane in Silhouette Studio, making a cutting file and cutting it from metal foil on the Silhouette. (This is the first time I have designed my own cutting file totally from scratch and if any Silhouette users want a copy just leave me a messsage.) In the original picture, the wings say v8851 - I googled that number to see if it meant anything but all I came up with was a Vogue dressmaking pattern from 1952. That gave me the idea of using the dressmaking pattern paper on the background but I changed my numbers to my initial and the year. As well as the pattern paper, the background was made with acrylic paint, spray mists and Indigo Blu script stamp. I silver-embossed the text stamps. (Paper Artsy) .
Happy Birthday Sandie
It's time to wish my dear friend and teammie, Sandie, a happy birthday. I hope you will receive this card today, although as it was only posted yesterday, that may be a long shot!
The 'birthday' stamp is by Clearly Besotted, and I curved it on the acrylic block to give it a banner shape before stamping. The birds were from an old 'free with magazine' set. There's a teensy bit of glitter on the dot of the i, hope it hasn't rubbed off in the mail. I kept it CAS for Sandie!
I'm linking up with Sandie's linky party :
I'd also like to enter:
Scribbles b is for (birds and birthday)
Addicted to CAS birds
Fashionable Stamping Challenges wings
Mod Squad mix it up
Monday, 11 May 2015
Make My Monday - Tea or Coffee
Our challenge this week at Make My Monday is to make a project on the theme of 'Tea or Coffee'.
I stamped and heat embossed the cups stamp (Stampington) onto vellum. Then I used a stylus to emboss white highlights onto the cups. I punched a border on the vellum and layered it over a card blank covered in patterned paper. The sentiment is a rub-on.
I hope you'll join us at Make My Monday.
I'd like to enter:
Just us Girls embossing
Stempelgarten embossing
Stamps and Stencils 3 of a kind
Crafty Hazelnuts Patterned Paper
Craft Your Passion anything goes
Sunday, 10 May 2015
Fox Thanks
Having recently had a 'milestone' birthday, I'm in the lucky position to be having to send out lots of 'thank you' cards.
This one was made with Distress Inks, fox stamp (Fiskers), trees (Stampscapes) and sentiment (Clearly Besotted).
I'd like to enter:
Natalie and Amy animals
Red Rubber Inspirations give thanks
QKR Stampede nature
Country View Challenges Simply Scenic
Clear it Out anything goes
Saturday, 9 May 2015
Inkspirational Challenge - Recipe
This week we have a 'Designer's Choice' chosen by Shauna and it is a 'recipe' challenge -
Recipe - Use at least 3 of these 4 elements:
Distressing, Flowers, Embossing, Pearls
For my DT card I made a background using torn kraft card, acrylic paint and sprays, then 'distress-stamped' (did I make that term up?) a text stamp (Sarah Hurley). I stamped a vase and flowers ( several Paper Artsy sets) and coloured them in with red acrylic paint with different levels of dilution. I stamped and cut out another vase, embossed it with an embossing folder and highlighted some of the embossing with gilding wax.
We'd love you to join us at Inkspirational for our recipe challenge.
I'd like ot enter:
Crafty Cardmakers make your own background
Stamping Sensations flower power
Little Red Wagon distress it
I'd like ot enter:
Crafty Cardmakers make your own background
Stamping Sensations flower power
Little Red Wagon distress it
Paper Artsy sprays
We love to Create mixed media
Monday, 4 May 2015
I had been thinking about entering the photo inspiration challenge at Crafty Creations , remembering my dandelion stamp set (Stampendous?). Then I saw the colour combo at Crafty Catz - I had seen this exact 'mood board' photo somewhere else recently and pinned it on Pinterest,intending to use the colours. I decided to use a resist technique ( Mod Squad) and the big Hero Arts Friendship words stamp ('F for Friendship' Alphabet Challenge ) .
The dandelion looks less yellow in real life - I embossed it in white pearl and I think the pearl makes it look more yellow when photographed in artificial light.
I'd also like to enter the challenge at Simon Says Stamp , as that is about coral, my main colour.
Creative Cutting Challenge - Mothers' Day
Our new theme at Creative Cutting Challenge is 'Mothers' Day' .
For my DT project I used Daisy in Pot svg by the Creative Pointe. I made it into a Silhouette 'print and cut' using a digital version of Cosmo Cricket Earth Love, (which is one of my favourite ever paper ranges. )
The pot would be a perfect place to put a Mothers' Day sentiment , but I decided not to do that as I'm English and our Mothers' Day was back in March. In fact, the strangely grimacing child in the photo is my own dear son, so the mum who will be receiving this card is...me.
To join in our challenge, all you need to do is create a 'Mothers' Day' project using an svg (electronic) cutting file. Hope to see your project at Creative Cutting Challenge.
I'd like to enter:
Another Freaking Scrappy Challenge flowers
QKR Stampede mothers day
Creative Corner Challenges for mom
Incy Wincey moms the word
Silhouette Challenges anything goes
Make My Monday - Tree or Leaves
I chose this week's challenge at Make My Monday . We get a lot of this type of challenge in autumn, but I wanted the chance to use fresh green leaves and to see some of the amazing range of different styles of trees and leaves out there.
For my DT card I cut some very stylised trees from patterned paper, using Lettering Delights cut files. I played around with lots of different layouts and in the end decided to keep it simple and stay focused on the shapes.
I hope you'll make a project using trees or leaves and join us at Make My Monday.
I'd like to enter:
Perfectly Rustic 3 of something
That's Crafty keep it simple
Silhouette Challenges anything goes
Sunday, 3 May 2015
Flying By
I've just been doing a Google Images search to see if I can identify the brands of some of the stamps I've used here. But apart from the Lawn Fawn (sentiment and trail) , they must be too old to come up in the search. There are so many fabulous newer travel-themed stamps ..(smacks hand to prevent herself from going shopping).....
Anyway the cloud and plane were from one set and the 'passport control' stamp was from another.
I'd like to enter:
Casology flight
Cards 4 Guyz flight
Retro Rubber anything goes
Fashionable Stamping Challenges things with wings
Quirky Crafts quirky journey
Happy Days Gift Card Card!
When I saw the picture at Fusion it reminded me immediately of the Papermania Happy Days collection which I have a digital version of. I decided to also use the Fusion sketch and make a card with a pocket for a gift card. The gift card here is posed by a model! (Didn't happen to have a spare one on hand!).
As well as Fusion, I'd like to enter ABC Challenge (I for Inspire us) and Scribble and Scrap (anything goes) .
Saturday, 2 May 2015
Tulips and Hearts
I hope that bird doesn't try to get into the birdhouse as he's sure to get stuck!
The tulips, birdhouse and bird are all Sarah Hurley stamps although I think they are from two different sets. I made the background with a Kaisercraft dots stamp . The sentiment was free with Craft Stamper magazine. I've been getting Craft Stamper for about fifteen years and , although this stamp was from more recent times, I think I've used it more than any other freebie stamp.
I'd like to enter:
Craft Stamper take a stamp
Addicted to Stamps make your mark
Little Red Wagon b = birdhouse, bird
Chocolate Coffee and Cards spring has sprung
Craftyboots wings
Empty Box Project #18 - Carnaby Street
I was thinking about how I could join in with the 1960s Retro challenge at Try it on Tuesday when I remembered some Art Journey stamps I had in my empty-box-project box, the woman and the dots/circles top left (and more faintly in the background).
Just to recap:
On New Year's day I revealed my stamping shame - a big box of unused stamps - and started my Empty Box project. My aim is to work through the box , one stamp/ stamp set at a time and see if I can use them. If I can't use them, I will dispose of them. The aim is to finish with an empty box.
While I was playing with my ideas for this I was watching the Paper Artsy sprays video and that inspired me to get my sprays out.
I inked some card with coral ink and then stamped the woman and masked her with a post it note. I stamped the spotty stamp several times also in coral. Then I got playing with two colours of sprays and two stencils.
Finally I added the 'have fun' rub-on . I really don't know why I keep using rub-ons - they always let me down. It's like a bad marriage that you've invested so heavily in, you just can't walk away...
As well as Try it on Tuesday and Paper Artsy, I'd also like to enter:
Simply Create Too Pretty Woman
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Larry Ellison has huge, impressive plans for the Hawaiian island of Lanai, which he bought in 2012.
It will become "a laboratory for building the next generation two-way power grid, which will be a mix of photo-tech (solar), with a little bit of wind with a backup of liquefied natural gas," he told attendees at an event in Las Vegas Thursday evening.
The island is a "special case" that can be used "to demonstrate that green energy can be economical," he explained.
Ellison is CEO of Oracle and the event was held to talk about the company's HR cloud software. But in the Q&A session, he invited the audience to ask him "anything," and that was a part of the evening that he clearly relished.
An Oracle employee and Hawaiian native stood up and asked about his long-term plans for Lanai. Since buying the island, Ellison, though his company Lanai Resorts LLC, has also bought two Lanai airlines, refurbished the hotels and invested in everything from wind farms to local businesses.
"I was just looking at the Lanai five-year budget and wow, it's expensive," Ellison joked. He's one of the world's richest men, worth $41 billion, Forbes estimates.
But his true motive has less to do with running a profitable resort than saving the planet.
Ellison says that North America is not running out of fossil fuels, especially a "transitional energy called liquefied natural gas."
In the past five years, North America has found 100 years worth of natural gas, he says, and we're sure to find more. In order to compete, the green energy industry needs someone to show that it can be just as affordable as traditional energy.
He explained his plan in detail:
We think we can demonstrate that green energy can be economical. Right now green energy is considerably more expensive than conventional fossil fuels. The island of Lanai is small enough, it can serve.
One of the great things about Lanai is that the weather is always fabulous. Always 82 degrees and sunny. The problem is that, like California now, Lanai needs more water. It's in the rain shadow of Maui ...
We're going to use our solar power, our wind power grid to convert sea water to fresh water ... desalination. We think we can do that in a very effective way and use that fresh water to bring back commercial agriculture.
Lanai at one time grew 98% of the world's pineapples. But the world's pineapples are now grown in two places, Costa Rica and Panama, because no one wants to spend $45 for a pineapple from the United States.
We're using computers to distribute the water through drip irrigation. There's sensors in the drip irrigation heads so you know when to turn the head on and off. If part of the field is in shadow, you put less water on that part of the field. If part of the field has higher acidic content, you fertilize that part of the field differently. ...
We think this is what agriculture is going to look like 20-30 years from now. We're trying to model all of that and do it in a way where it can be very cost effective. ...
We're empowering the locals to start their own businesses, [whether that's] in agriculture or a juice bar in Lanai City. We're providing them with the appropriate mentoring and help.
If they are growing all these wonderful organic crops, we'll figure out how to get them to market.
We can fly the products from Lanai to Honolulu and then ship them to Japan. We have an airline that takes people around during the day and an airline that takes produce around in the evening. Fresh produce picked on Thursday can show up in a Japanese or Chinese restaurant on Friday.
We're also improving the schools and free public facilities for the people of Lanai. There are 3,200 people that live on the island. We've done a bunch of things in terms of building community pools, basketball courts and for the first time Lanai has a football field where the high school can have home games.
We think if we do a good job of taking care of the locals, the locals will do a good job of taking care of our visitors.


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If you do not have an Active Parent account, you may complete the registration form and return it to the school.
Please note that ActiveParent logins are different than logins for
the school and/or district Web site. Each requires separate registration.
To register for a Web site account, please visit the registration page.


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Hemophilia Treatments Have Come a Long Way
With appropriate medical care, people with hemophilia are living healthier lives.
On this page:
Gone are the days when a hemophilia diagnosis meant you could not live a normal life. Now more treatments are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and people with the condition can better manage bleeding. That's good news as thousands observe World Hemophilia Day on April 17, 2014.
Hemophilia is a rare bleeding disorder. It is usually hereditary, but it can be acquired in rare cases if a person's body develops antibodies that attack clotting factors in the bloodstream. Hereditary hemophilia usually occurs in males and currently affects about 23,500 Americans.
People with hemophilia are lacking one or more important clotting factors, which are proteins needed for blood clotting. Several types of clotting factors exist and there are two main types of hemophilia, says Nisha Jain, M.D., chief of the Clinical Review Branch in FDA's Office of Blood Research and Review. Hemophilia A occurs when people have low levels, or missing, clotting factor VIII (8). Hemophilia B occurs when people have low, or missing, clotting factor IX (9).
People with hemophilia may bleed for a longer time than others after injury or surgery. They may also have internal bleeding—especially in knees, ankles, and elbows—that can damage organs and tissues and even be life-threatening.
Treatments for Hemophilia
"We have seen shifting toward the prevention of bleeds," says Nisha Jain, M.D., chief of the Clinical Review Branch in FDA's Office of Blood Research and Review.
At present hemophilia is not curable, but treatments have come a long way, Jain says.
Hemophilia is sometimes called the "Royal Disease" because it affected the royal family of England during the 1800s. By the 1960s, hemophilia was treated with whole blood or fresh plasma. But these treatments didn't have enough factor VIII or IX proteins to stop serious internal bleeding.
Now the primary type of hemophilia treatment is replacement therapy: Concentrates of clotting factor VIII (for hemophilia A) or clotting factor IX (for hemophilia B) are injected into a patient's vein to replace low or missing factor.
These concentrates have traditionally been made from human blood. Today, an increasing number are made using recombinant DNA technology (a form of artificial DNA), with some made without any material sourced from humans or animals. The final product is a powder that is mixed with sterile water before use.
Some people have regular preventive or "prophylactic" therapy to prevent bleeding. This can be done in less than five minutes, excluding prep time, Jain explains. Others have therapy only as needed.
The type and frequency of treatment varies depending on the severity of hemophilia, which can be classified as mild, moderate or severe.
People with mild hemophilia have 6% to 49% of the normal levels of clotting factors in their blood. They generally only have bleeding problems after serious injury or surgery.
Those with moderate hemophilia—about 15 percent of the hemophilia population, according to the
National Hemophilia Foundation—have 1% to 5% of normal clotting factor levels. They can have bleeding problems after injury and spontaneously.
National Hemophilia Foundation—have 1% to 5% of normal clotting factor levels. They can have bleeding problems after injury and spontaneously.
Those with severe hemophilia—about 60% of the hemophilia population, per NHF—have less than 1% of normal clotting factor levels. They bleed after injury and may have frequent spontaneous bleeding, including bleeds into joints and muscles. In addition to factor replacement, pain medication and physical therapy are also used to lessen pain and swelling if joint bleeds occur.
"The mild patients rarely need treatment. And moderate patients are the same," explains Jain. In certain situations, such as before dental work, patients with mild hemophilia receive Desmopressin (DDAVP) a man-made hormone that increases the level of factor in the blood. "Patients with severe hemophilia are those who really need treatment to prevent or resolve bleeds."
A Shift Toward Prevention
Doctors, particularly hematologists who specialize in the study of blood, tend to identify people with severe hemophilia early. "Patients can be diagnosed as infants during circumcision," says Jain. Then families can work with hematologists and hematology treatment centers.
"In recent times, we have seen shifting toward the prevention of bleeds," Jain says. "You want to prevent bleeding that causes joint damage. Once joint damage starts, it is difficult to stop progression unless bleeding into joints is reduced."
The treatments for hemophilia continue to improve, and FDA has approved many replacement factors in recent years. For instance, in March 2014 it approved Alprolix, the first Hemophilia B treatment designed to require less frequent injections when used to prevent or reduce the frequency of bleeding. It also recently approved Rixubis—a factor IX product—to control, prevent and reduce bleeding associated with hemophilia B. And the agency approved Novoeight, a factor VIII product, for control of bleeding and a routine prophylaxis treatment for adults, adolescents and children with hemophilia A.
Of course, the agency continues to carry out its broad responsibility to regulate medicines made from blood and blood components, including clotting factors. Today, due to strengthened FDA safeguards and oversight, these products are safer than they have ever been.
"Patients should stay informed about various treatment options," Jain adds, "and should consult with their health care providers to obtain, and follow, a comprehensive management plan."
She says those with hemophilia tend to be well-educated about their health and notes, "With appropriate treatment and care, people with hemophilia can, and do, live normal lives."
This article appears on FDA's Consumer Updates page, which features the latest on all FDA-regulated products.
April 16, 2014


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For free help with your job search, call (800) 776-8383
Compassionate. Comprehensive. These are just two ways to describe how Rex Pulmonary Specialists approaches treatment. Our patients come to us with a wide variety of lung conditions, and we're ready to help, using a team approach that covers every possible angle of care while also respecting patients' needs and desires.
Do you suffer from any of the conditions listed below? Every day we help patients manage:
Our program features a full-service pulmonary function lab, as well as an endoscopy suite, and the addition of in-clinic bronchoscopies.
When you choose Rex/UNC Health Care, you not only have access to our knowledgeable, compassionate pulmonologists, but also to our comprehensive array of services. And we help you navigate our health system to get the treatment you need.
Working in direct partnership with Rex Thoracic Specialists, we can provide prompt and accurate medical/surgical support for any pulmonary problem. We also take a comprehensive team approach to diagnosing and treating lung cancer by working with thoracic surgeons from Rex Thoracic Specialists and medical oncologists and radiation oncologists from the Rex Cancer Center on our campus.
At Rex, we pride ourselves on offering focused, comprehensive state-of-the-art treatment to all of our patients.


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Engaging Student Materials · Purposeful Instruction
Engaging Student Materials - Purposeful Instruction
The Common Core State Standards for Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical subjects expect students to apply their literacy skills to content-related informational texts. These requirements prove difficult to students who are reading below grade level or who may be reluctant readers. Because of the limitations on their ability to access the text, students also struggle with thinking critically and forming opinions about what they have read.
Leveled books allow students to read grade-appropriate topics at their own level. Reading fiction and nonfiction texts written with manageable vocabulary and concise sentences allow students to access the content without becoming overwhelmed. This enables students to improve their comprehension skills and to gradually increase their reading level over time to become more proficient readers.
Sundance/Newbridge Middle Grades Book Collections feature:
Each collection comes with a Teacher Guide developed to aid middle grade teachers bridge the gap between their current literacy practices and the objectives of the Common Core State Standards. The Teacher Guide includes:
Smart Word Vocabulary CardsEach complete Classroom Set includes Smart Word vocabulary cards for those readers who may need vocabulary reinforcement. Smart Word cards feature "Tier 2" words that have rich applications in the Speaking and Listening, Reading and Writing Common Core State Standards.
Preview a Complimentary Copy of the Teacher Guide
Developed to help you bridge the gap between your current literacy practices and the objectives of the Common Core State Standards
Instructional Plans for Independent Reading and Small Group Guided Instruction
Assessment Suggestions
Graphic Organizer Templates
Student Reading Log


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Functional safety training for automation, software, semiconductors from SGS – module A2, from risk analysis to concept design.
The agenda for the design of safety engineering is set during a product's concept creation stage. This module is intended for people who are involved in risk determination (SIL Determination) and identifying the system requirements to be derived from this process.
- Practical procedures for risk analysis including an exercise based on an illustrative example
- Allocation of SIL requirements to risk-reducing measures
- Derivation of system safety requirements and presentation in the example
- Elaboration of a system concept considering the requirements of the executed example
Trusted functional safety training from a leading course provider
Our courses are delivered by tutors who are functional safety experts and experienced trainers. Your knowledge and skills will be developed through an interactive and practical approach to learning.
To find out more about our functional safety training for the automation, software and semiconductor industries contact us today.
6755 Mississauga Road, Suite 204,
Mississauga, Ontario, CA-ON, Canada


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Leffingwell House Museum (Circa 1675) is one of the finest restored examples of New England Colonial architecture. We are open from April to October, on Saturday's from 12 pm to 4 pm.
Visitors to this living museum catch a glimpse of early 18th century life. By the mid 18th century what was built as a simple two room house in 1675 had evolved into an elegant home. The house is filled with a fascinating assortment of pieces representative of its architectural evolution.


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These games should all be playable with three players.
The list is generated automatically so some games may be missing or incorrectly listed here. If you see any that are, leave a message here and I will attempt to fix it. -- JonathanDietrich
This wiki is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 License.


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I'm So Much Better than You: Magnus Sigurdarson's installation features four tons of Miami New Times papers interlocked like bricks to form a curving hip-high wall. It houses a DVD player and monitor where the artist is seen performing a puppet show in Xiamen, China. Sigurdarson, who was born in Iceland, filmed the performance during a three-month residency there last autumn. Ironically Sigurdarson's installation at Javogue's space, with its imposing mass and volume, evokes a sense of the wall erected to separate China from the rest of the world. The work shares a relevancy with plans for a wall cutting off the United States from its neighbors to the south. Carlos Suarez De Jesus Ongoing; by appointment only. Emmanuel Javogue Fine Arts, 123 NW 23rd St., Miami; 305-573-3904, www.ejfa.net.
True Stories: A big-nose profile. A closeup of breasts. A photo of a woman sporting a pig-snout mask while holding cutlery. These are just a few of Sophie Calle's photographic self-portraits. Above each 67-by-39-inch picture is a story about her life. Over the shnoz profile, Calle tells us that when she was fourteen, her grandparents suggested plastic surgery. She wasn't convinced about the alteration. But the doctor made the decision for her he died two days before the scheduled operation. These windows into Calle's life are angled, like her camera, to make us look twice. Galerie Emmanuel Perrotin sets the artist's exhibit, "True Stories," against Leandro Erlich's work, which is quite opposite. Full of semblance and deception, Erlich's pieces play with angles to create optical illusions. In light of Calle's truths, Erlich's illusions fall flat. His piece The Ring is a split boxing ring set up against a mirror. The viewer is meant to climb in and "experience the sphere of illusions, reversals, reflections," according to the gallery press release. Somehow a trick of the eye, no matter how masterful, seems weak in comparison with Calle's narratives of tousled beds, love letters, and nights spent atop the Eiffel Tower. Vanessa Garcia Through November 25. Galerie Emmanuel Perrotin, 194 NW 30th St., Miami; 305-573-2130, www.galerieperrotin.com.
Karel Appel: In Memoriam: Nothing like kicking the bucket to make others appreciate a person and this is doubly true for artists. In May the death of the Dutch abstract expressionist who helped found an art movement known as CoBrA (an acronym for the initial letters of the founders' cities of origin: Copenhagen, Brussels, and Amsterdam) inspired "Karel Appel: In Memoriam." As far as memorials go, this is an intimate one, composed of just eleven works from the museum's permanent collection. Despite its size, the exhibit not only honors the artist but also provides examples of his work in a variety of media. Though his work may be labeled abstract, it is not strictly so. Even in the ones that come the closest to being nonrepresentational, there is at least the hint of object. Using vivid colors applied in thick swipes and swirls, one untitled, undated oil painting (which is more nonspecific than abstract) might be construed as a portrait: Dark blue splotches suggest eyes; the rectangle at the bottom could be a mouth. Most works are abstract in the art term's original meaning the reduction of the subject to a simplified form. The works exhibited have a childlike quality in their simplicity, expressiveness, and playfulness. Marya Summers Through May 1. Museum of Art/Fort Lauderdale, 1 E. Las Olas Blvd., Fort Lauderdale; 954-525-5500.
Spiritual Places: "We need to tend the garden of Mother Earth," photographer Barry Haynes urges in commentary that accompanies his "Spiritual Places" exhibit, which literally offers a mountaintop experience. The environmentalist photographer's images of mountains, lakes, sea, and sky are lovely (although the pocked, stained white bulletin boards on which the framed photos hang distract from their beauty). The pictures capture nature at its most glorious, sharing his reverence for it with others who might not have had the opportunity to experience these wonders firsthand. Bryce Stone Woman, for example, offers a view of the exquisite rock formations of Bryce Canyon; the photographer's title results from the central formation's figurative features. Some images show human interaction with nature. Cliff Place is such a work, offering a view of ancient cliff dwellings in Colorado's Mesa Verde National Park. Besides being inspirational, the exhibit is also educational, offering informative placards to accompany each photo. These let the viewer know a little more about the subject such as the canoe for which Skookum Kalitan is named that, like others of its kind, has a spirit as well as what sort of film, equipment, and digital manipulation the image received. Marya Summers Through November 11. Palm Beach Photographic Center, 55 NE Second Ave., Delray Beach; 561-276-9797.


text: Monsters University Final Trailer (2013) Pixar Movie HD Mike Wazowski and James P. Sullivan are an inseparable pair, but that wasn't always the case. From the moment these two mismatched monsters met they couldn't stand each other. 'Monsters University' unlocks the door to how Mike and Sulley overcame their differences and became the best of friends. Screaming with laughter and fun, 'Monsters University' is directed by Dan Scanlon ('Cars,' 'Mater and the Ghostlight,' 'Tracy') and produced by Kori Rae ('Up,' 'The Incredibles,' 'Monsters, Inc.').


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Canada's Beef Industry at Tipping PointCANADA - A new study released by CAPI, the Canadian Agri-Food Policy Institute, indicates that Canada's beef industry is at a profound tipping point and corrective action is needed if it is going to deliver maximum benefits to producers and industry stakeholders and deliver on its potential of being a reliable contributor to a protein hungry world.
"Canada's beef industry is falling behind and opportunities are being eroded by a failure to work together," says CAPI President and CEO, David McInnes. "The data and interviews show our beef industry lacks a comprehensive strategy to address challenges and take advantages of the significant opportunities that the future offers."
The study shows that Canada with all its natural, quality and production benefits is at risk of becoming a net importer of beef. The cattle cycle is presently experiencing lower production numbers but there is also no apparent strategy to regain valuable domestic market share.
On the export stage, the Canadian industry is extremely reliant on one market — the USA, a market that accounts for 85 per cent of Canada's beef and cattle trade. The good news is the US generates $1.8 billion in total sales for Canada (nearly C$1 billion in beef exports and over C$800 million in cattle exports). The bad news is Canada is "backfilling" the US market; that is, by relying on Canadian cattle and beef supply, the US beef industry is expanding its exports and taking advantage of higher value and margins. And the Canadian industry appears to be content to let that happen.
But don't blame the government, the study says. When beef producers and the beef industry needed support, like after the BSE crisis, the federal and provincial governments have been there. And the Government of Canada is doing an admirable job of opening new foreign markets yet the beef industry is not doing enough to capture new sales, enhanced prices and greater margins. Ultimately, industry must develop its strategy. Governments can then support genuine strategy development and effectively align its investments behind the priorities.
"There now appears to be a growing appetite in the beef sector to embrace a new approach," says Mr McInnes. "There is an emerging view that we can't optimize the domestic, American and other foreign markets at the rate we are shipping cattle and beef to the US. We either accept that we will remain a primary 'backfill' supplier of beef and cattle to the US — with its consequences and benefits — or we need to make a conscious strategic decision about the markets where we can perform at our best.
"This includes increasing the share of Canadian-beef in our own domestic market, taking fuller advantage of key high value foreign markets where we have or can develop competitive advantage, and deciding how we can better extract more value from the important US market."
The study also outlines that response to consumer desires is below expectations. Today's consumers want more information including greater knowledge of production practices, the healthfulness of beef and its environmental footprint. Yet the Canadian beef industry is not effectively conveying messages that address issues and concerns or encourage beef consumption.
The CAPI report outlines a directional blueprint that will put the Canadian industry on a path towards progressive success. The report calls for the industry to build a comprehensive and robust strategy involving active engagement from all sectors of the beef supply chain. The report states information – including market intelligence, production and quality information that easily flows from producers to processors, to retailers and consumers, and information that differentiates Canadian beef from its global competitors – can play an important role in the strategy.
CAPI's report also emphasizes the need to engage other players in the food system, such as those in health, environment, research, innovation, and others to help meet consumer needs. And the report states a successful strategy will be best-implemented by champions who galvanize key players and set clear objectives.
"In the past, when presented with a challenge, Canada's beef industry rallied, collaborated and addressed the challenge head-on," says Mr McInnes. "Our report suggests, and many industry stakeholders agree, that with a solid strategy, a commitment to work together, and the discipline to execute effectively – then Canada's beef industry will once again rise to the occasion and deliver the benefits that producers, stakeholders and consumers in Canada and around the world desire. The industry needs to imagine what is possible and then design a strategy to achieve that destination."
CAPI interviewed over 80 beef sector stakeholders and a broad variety of support players in the fall of 2011 and conducted extensive outreach in 2012. CAPI initiated this case study with financial support from the Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency (ALMA), the Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) and the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture.
Further ReadingYou can view the full report by clicking here.
TheCattleSite News Desk


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SALT LAKE CITY (AP) — A Utah police officer was fired Tuesday after being seen on video roughly handcuffing a nurse because she refused to allow a blood draw in an incident that became a flashpoint in the national conversation about use of force.
Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown made the decision to fire Detective Jeff Payne after an internal investigation found he violated department policies when he arrested nurse Alex Wubbels and dragged her screaming from the hospital, department spokesman Sgt. Brandon Shearer said.
Brown said in a disciplinary letter that he was "deeply troubled" by Payne's conduct, which he described as "inappropriate, unreasonable, unwarranted, discourteous, disrespectful" and said brought "significant disrepute" on the department.
"You demonstrated extremely poor professional judgment (especially for an officer with 27 years of experience), which calls into question your ability to effectively serve the public and the department," Brown wrote.
Attorney Greg Skordas, who represents Payne, said his client plans to appeal a firing he considers unfair and over the top. Skordas said Payne would still be employed if the body camera footage hadn't generated so much attention and blown the events out of proportion.
Payne's supervisor, Lt. James Tracy, was demoted to officer. His lawyer, Ed Brass, couldn't immediately be reached.
Tracy made an impulsive decision in ordering Payne to arrest Wubbels without first taking time to understand the facts of the situation and the law, Brown wrote in his disciplinary letter.
He said the order created chaos and unnecessarily escalated the situation.
"Your lack of judgment and leadership in this matter is unacceptable, and as a result, I no longer believe that you can retain a leadership position in the department," Brown said.
The letter said Wubbels told investigators that Tracy minimized her concerns, intimidated and lectured her, and made her feel like she was to blame for the events.
The Associated Press obtained the disciplinary letters for Payne and Tracy through a public records request.
Wubbels' attorney, Karra Porter, said they are pleased that Brown took action and recognized that the officers made crucial mistakes that have eroded public trust. Porter said she hopes the events are a catalyst to more public conversations about appropriate police behavior.
The case shows the vital importance of officers wearing body cameras and making those videos available to the public, Porter said.
"Without the body camera footage, it would have been a she-said, they-said," Porter said. "Alex feels very strongly that her story would have never been told if it weren't for the body camera footage."
Asked about a potential lawsuit, Porter said she expects to meet soon with city officials to discuss next steps that could include settlement talks.
The officers have five business days to appeal the decisions by the chief.
The case received widespread attention after police body-camera video was released by Wubbels and her lawyer in late August.
The video showed her explaining that hospital policy required a warrant or formal consent to draw blood from the patient who had been injured in a car crash.
The patient wasn't suspected of wrongdoing. He was an off-duty reserve Idaho police officer driving a semitrailer when he was hit by a man fleeing police in a pickup truck.
Payne nevertheless insisted on the blood draw, saying the evidence would protect the man.
Payne told Wubbels his supervisor said he should arrest her if she didn't allow the draw. Wubbels was later freed from the handcuffs and has not been charged.
Both officers were investigated and placed on paid administrative leave after the video became public. Salt Lake City police apologized and changed their policies.
Prosecutors, meanwhile, opened a criminal investigation into the arrest and asked the FBI to determine if there were any civil rights violations.
Payne was also fired from a part-time job as a paramedic after he was caught on camera saying he'd take transient patients to the University of Utah hospital where Wubbels worked and transport "good patients" elsewhere.
Payne had previously been disciplined in 2013 after internal-affairs investigators confirmed that he sexually harassed a female co-worker in a "persistent and severe" way.
His tenure also brought commendations for solving burglary cases and being shot in the shoulder during a traffic stop in 1998.
Tracy, meanwhile, earned commendations for drug and burglary investigations.
Associated Press writers Brady McCombs and Michelle L. Price contributed to this report.


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After Benghazi Report, Senators Split Over State Department Security Funding
Lawmakers split sharply along partisan lines Thursday on the need for Congress to boost funding for diplomatic security in the wake of the September attack on a U.S. facility in Benghazi, Libya.
State Department officials testified Thursday in the Senate Foreign Relations and House Foreign Affairs Committees that they would be seeking increased funding to cover personnel and construction costs to improve security, per the recommendations of an independent review of the Benghazi attack released publicly on Tuesday night.
The department has already sent a request to Congress asking to reprogram $1.4 billion for fiscal 2013 to cover the costs of additional Marine deployments to overseas posts determined to be high risk; increases in diplomatic security personnel by 5 percent; and physical security upgrades — all responses to the assault in Benghazi, which killed U.S. Ambassador to Libya J. Christopher Stevens and three other Americans.
Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman John Kerry, D-Mass., said at the hearing that "there's no question in my mind that we need additional resources in a significant way."
"Times are changing" and foreign missions' "needs are changing," observed Sen. Barbara Boxer, D-Calif. "And as much as people like to say, 'Well, it's not the money,' it's the money."
Indeed, among the 29 recommendations from the review panel — known formally as the Accountability Review Board — was one calling for Congress to restore to "full capacity" a State Department program started in 1999 to upgrade the security of diplomatic facilities around the world. The review board's report says the Capital Security Cost Sharing Program, as it is called, should be funded at "approximately $2.2 billion in fiscal year 2015, including an up-to 10-year program addressing that need, prioritized for construction of new facilities in high-risk, high-threat areas."
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton has promised to implement every one of the recommendations made by the panel, which was appointed by the State Department and headed up by retired diplomat Thomas R. Pickering and former Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Adm. Mike Mullen.
Focus on Additional Money
But Sen. Bob Corker, R-Tenn., expressed reservations Thursday about all the talk of new funding.
"I'm dismayed that this hearing has already centered on additional money," Corker said. "We have no idea whether the State Department is using its money wisely or not."
Corker, who is expected to become the ranking Republican on the committee next year, said that the report of the Accountability Review Board makes clear that the State Department is not using its existing resources efficiently and not doing a good job prioritizing needs.
Given the deteriorating security situation in Eastern Libya over the summer, "I don't understand why you didn't send a notification up … asking to shift funds for security to Benghazi," he said.
And he noted that the State Department could have kept a team of 16 military personnel in Tripoli, Libya's capital, paid for by the Pentagon, but rejected a request to extend their stay shortly before the attacks took place.
"This has nothing to do with money," Corker said.
House Foreign Affairs Chairwoman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, R-Fla., echoed those sentiments in the House's hearing on the ARB report Thursday afternoon.
"I know there will be an attempt to shift the responsibility for this tragedy to a shortage of resources," Ros-Lehtinen said in her opening remarks. "But budgetary constraints were not a factor in the Department's failure to recognize the threats and adequately respond to the situation in Benghazi. The problem was and is about misplaced priorities."
Specifically, she pointed to department funds "being lavished on global climate change, culinary diplomacy programs, and other favored projects."
And Rep. Christopher H. Smith, R-N.J., noted at the hearing that "when it comes to resources, authorities and funds have been increased . . . over the past dozen years" for diplomatic security.
Security Review
Undersecretary of State Thomas R. Nides testified Thursday that the State Department and the Pentagon have teamed up to begin a worldwide review of the United States' security posture at its embassies and other facilities around the world. They have deployed five teams to assess security at 19 posts in 13 countries considered particularly high risk, and plan to update Congress about what sort of additional funds and authorities may be needed as soon as that assessment is complete.
One key shift both Nides and Undersecretary of State William J. Burns highlighted was that going forward, the State Department is preparing to shoulder more responsibility for its security in certain host nations that are either incapable or unwilling of guaranteeing it themselves, as they are obligated to do under international law.
"For more than 200 years, the United States — like every other country around the world — has relied on host nations to provide security for our embassies and consulates. But in today's evolving threat environment, we have to take a new and harder look at the capabilities and commitment of our hosts," Nides testified on Thursday.
"We're dealing with a new normal," he added.
One of the main issues in Benghazi was the failure of the weak Libyan government and a loosely affiliated Libyan militia that the State Department was relying on for additional security to protect the consulate. The country, fresh off an Arab Spring-inspired revolution, is still deeply fragmented and has had trouble reigning in its many independent militias into one centralized, government-run armed force.
"The world's really changed over the last 200 years," Sen. Jim Risch, R-Idaho, said Thursday morning. "You get a real sense of incompetence" from the local guards tasked to guard U.S. embassies in many locales.
"Generally those people are confused, most of them you wouldn't meet going into a theater here in the United States," Risch said. "We really need to discriminate amongst countries as to what kind of effort we put forward." He also said he hoped that in the future, U.S. Marines could be tasked with protecting diplomats, not just U.S. documents and other assets overseas, as they are now.
"A big chunk of the responsibility is on the Libyan government," Rep. Brad Sherman, D-Calif., added Thursday afternoon. "The fact is, this is a government that is a coalition that includes, or at least countenances, some of the most evil jihadist elements imaginable."
Posting more Americans Marines or other security guards to protect U.S. facilities and personnel abroad, however, will involve greater costs.
"You can't even implement all of an accountability review board's recommendations if one of the recommendations, a significant part of it, is about resources, and you don't have the resources provided by the Congress," Sen. Robert Menendez, D-N.J., observed on Thursday morning.
"We need to take this in the context of making sure, collectively, both State and the Congress, looks at its responsibility to protect our embassies and our diplomatic personnel abroad," he said.


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Frank Lloyd Wright's reputation for being a bit of an egotistical prick is well-documented and well-deserved. But that doesn't mean he was all bad—the man had his soft spots. Like the time he designed a dog house for a 12-year-old admirer.
In 1956, Jim Berger wrote to the acclaimed architect, requesting blueprints for a dog house he planned to build. Wright returned him plans that not only invoked the architects hallmark stylings but also meshed with the overall design of the house to which it was attached.
In all, the dog house would measure four square feet and be built from mahogany and cedar scraps used in the main house's construction. The house was eventually built in 1963 by Berger's family. The only problem—the family dog wasn't sold on it and refused to reside there. [Architects and Artisans via Neatorama]


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In September 2001, the voters of Oklahoma passed a right-to-work amendment to their state constitution by a margin of 54 percent to 46 percent,[14] making Oklahoma the most recent state to pass a right-to-work amendment. Almost immediately after passage, several unions filed a federal lawsuit seeking to prevent the amendment's implementation. Since a similar challenge would likely be filed in Michigan if a right-to-work amendment were ratified, the legal arguments presented in Oklahoma are discussed below. The Oklahoma amendment is reproduced in Graphic 1.
Graphic 1: Oklahoma's Right-to-Work Amendment (Oklahoma Constitution Article XXIII, Section 1A)
§ 1A. Participation in labor organization as condition of employment prohibited.
A. As used in this section, "labor organization" means any organization of any kind, or agency or employee representation committee or union, that exists for the purpose, in whole or in part, of dealing with employers concerning wages, rates of pay, hours of work, other conditions of employment, or other forms of compensation.
B. No person shall be required, as a condition of employment or continuation of employment, to:
C. It shall be unlawful to deduct from the wages, earnings, or compensation of an employee any union dues, fees, assessments, or other charges to be held for, transferred to, or paid over to a labor organization unless the employee has first authorized such deduction.
D. The provisions of this section shall apply to all employment contracts entered into after the effective date of this section and shall apply to any renewal or extension of any existing contract.
E. Any person who directly or indirectly violates any provision of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
The unions' basic argument against the amendment was that as written, the amendment would be pre-empted in so many places by federal law that the entire constitutional provision would be invalid because it was not "severable"[15] (a "severable" provision is one whose valid or unchallenged parts remain in force even when a court invalidates other portions of it). In particular, the unions began by contending that the amendment applied to employees that were "governed by the RLA [Railway Labor Act], the CSRA [Civil Service Reform Act], the PRA [Postal Reorganization Act], as well as those individuals employed at facilities within federal enclaves[*] in the State of Oklahoma."[16] The unions claimed that none of the employees subject to those federal laws was protected by the right-to-work amendment, and they concluded that this pre-emption so radically diminished the scope of the right-to-work amendment that the entire amendment should be struck because it was nonseverable.
The trial court rejected the foundation of the argument, holding that even though Oklahoma's right-to-work amendment did not contain an explicit provision exempting employees pre-empted by federal law, the amendment did not seek to challenge federal authority:
"... [I]t is simply not a reasonable construction to extend the scope of Oklahoma's right-to-work law to include those individuals subjected to regulation under the RLA [Railway Labor Act], the CSRA [Civil Service Reform Act], the PRA [Postal Reorganization Act], and federal enclave jurisprudence. Consequently, the court interprets Oklahoma's right-to-work law as excluding from its coverage those individuals subject to the RLA, the CSRA, the PRA, as well as those individuals subject to federal enclave jurisdiction. From this conclusion, it follows that the preemption suggested by Plaintiffs with respect to these individuals has no application to any portion of Oklahoma's right-to-work law."[17]
The unions' efforts to invalidate large portions of the amendment — and thereby the entire amendment — even led union lawyers to do something counterintuitive: They challenged the amendment provision that stated no person should be required to quit a union, refuse to join a union, or refuse to support a union in order to become employed or remain employed. This argument was also rejected by the court, which stated:
"Plaintiffs argue that under [Section 14(b),] states only have the authority to prevent employers from requiring membership in labor organizations as a condition of employment — they do not have authority to prevent employers from prohibiting union membership as a condition of employment. The court disagrees. The United States Supreme Court has upheld state right-to-work laws which prohibit discrimination in employment based on both union membership and non-membership alike. [Lincoln Federal Labor Union 19129 v. Northwestern Iron & Metal Co., 335 U.S. 525 (1949)]."[18]
But the trial court did find some provisions of the right-to-work law were pre-empted by federal law, specifically a provision outlawing "hiring halls" and a paycheck-protection provision.†[19]
Having found a portion of the right-to-work amendment to be ineffective, the trial court then performed a severability analysis, which was guided by an Oklahoma statute that generally indicated that Oklahoma legislative acts were severable.[20] The court therefore held that the pre-empted provisions were severable:
"With respect to Oklahoma's right-to-work law, it is clear that the overriding purpose of the law was to ensure that employment was not conditioned upon one's membership in, voluntary affiliation with, or financial support of a labor organization or on a refusal to join, affiliate, or financially support a labor organization. Enforcement of the core provisions of the law which carry out this undeniable purpose is in no way hindered by the court's invalidation of the subsidiary provisions of subsections (B)(5) [the hiring-hall provision] and (C) [the paycheck-protection provision]. Consequently, the invalid provisions of [the amendment] are severable from the core provisions and the remainder of Oklahoma's right-to-work law is upheld."[21]
The unions appealed to the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals. That court found another provision of the right-to-work amendment was pre-empted: the
nondiscrimination provision related to those who wished to join or support a union.[22] To properly analyze the 10th Circuit's conclusion regarding this provision, we first need to review two seminal Supreme Court decisions that upheld right-to-work laws: Lincoln Federal Labor Union No. 19129, American Federation of Labor v. Northwestern Iron & Metal Co.;[23] and American Federation of Labor, Arizona State Federation of Labor v. American Sash & Door Co.[24]
* Very generally, federal enclaves are federally owned land obtained with the consent of the state in which the land is located. The question of whether state right-to-work laws apply within a federal enclave depends on whether the federal government has obtained exclusive jurisdiction over the enclave. Where jurisdiction in an enclave is concurrent between the state and federal government, state right-to-work laws are effective. (See Int'l Ass'n of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, AFL-CIO and Local Lodge 2771 v. Dyncorp, Aerospace Operations, Sheppard ENJJPT Div., 796 F. Supp. 976 (N.D. Tex., 1991).)
† For the hiring-hall provision, see Okla. Const. art. XXIII, § 1A (B)(5); for the paycheck- protection provision, see Okla. Const. art. XXIII, § 1A (C).
In H.A. Artists & Assoc. v. Actor's Equity Ass'n, the purpose of union hiring halls was described by the U.S. Supreme Court as follows: "[U]nions maintain hiring halls and other job referral systems, particularly where work is typically temporary and performed on separate project sites rather than fixed locations. By maintaining halls, unions attempt to eliminate abuses such as kickbacks, and to insure fairness and regularity in the system of access to employment." (See H.A. Artists & Assoc. v. Actor's Equity Ass'n, 451 U.S. 704, 721 n. 28 (2001).)
In a separate case, the Supreme Court held that the National Labor Relations Board was not allowed to prohibit hiring halls. The court reached this conclusion despite recognizing the potential for hiring-hall discrimination against nonunion workers. (See Local 357, Int'l Bhd. of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America v. NLRB, 365 U.S. 667, 672 (1961).)


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Source: https://www.opentext.com/products-and-solutions/products/discovery/information-access-platform