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Hearing and Balance
Dizziness causes you to feel unstable or sense the room is spinning. There are many reasons that dizziness occurs, and for proper treatment, a doctor must ascertain the cause of the condition. Dizziness can occur for a number of reasons, but is present in people with persistent allergies. Finding the right treatment for dizziness depends on diagnosing the proper cause.
Causes and concerns
Dizziness is a feeling of light-headedness or sensation of spinning or unsteadiness. You may sometimes feel as though you cannot keep your balance, or you may feel like you are going to fall to the ground. A common type of dizziness is called vertigo. Vertigo is the sensation that you or your surrounding environment is moving. Motion sickness is another type of dizziness that occurs when riding in a car or moving vehicle.
There are quite a few different reasons that you may experience dizziness. These include:
- Anxiety: A panic attack or symptoms of anxiety can make you feel lightheaded and off balance.
- Inner ear disturbance: Whether a buildup of earwax or fluid, disruptions to the inner ear can impede the balance center.
- Neurological diseases: Diseases that involve the nervous system can throw off your balance.
- Circulation: Poor blood circulation to your brain leads to a sensation of dizziness. You can also get light headed if you quickly stand up from a lying down or sitting position, because your body moves faster than the blood flow.
Symptoms and signs
If you experience any chest pains, confusion, a stiff neck, a fever over 101 degrees or dizziness after you hit your head, seek medical attention immediately. If you experience hearing loss associated with dizziness or if this is your first time being dizzy, consider consulting one of our ear, nose and throat specialist, as this could be an indication of a more serious problem. Common symptoms that occur along with dizziness from persistent allergies include:
- Nasal drainage and congestion
- Headaches
- Itchy, watery eyes
- Ringing in the ears
- Sneezing or coughing
Solutions and options
When you visit the doctor for your dizziness, he or she will ask you a series of questions to help determine what may be causing your dizziness. The doctor will also conduct a physical examination and some tests, such as checking your blood pressure, imaging, and allergy testing. Because dizziness can be caused by so many different things, the doctor must find out the exact cause of your problem.
Treatment typically includes medications to eliminate the cause of dizziness. The medications are taken on a daily basis and provide relief for the dizziness. In some cases, the doctor may request that you take balance classes and do balancing exercises. These exercises can help to minimize your dizziness symptoms and may help improve your overall balance.
Tips for avoiding dizziness
There are some things that you can do to avoid becoming dizzy. These tips may help to minimize the chance of you experiencing dizziness, but they do not replace medical treatment. Use these tips as a guide to help you avoid becoming dizzy. They include:
- Avoid reading while in a vehicle
- Avoid rapid head motions
- Avoid quick changes in positions
- Seek treatment for any ear or sinus infections
- Stay hydrated
- Avoid sitting backwards in vehicles
Dizziness can occur at any time and with anybody. There is not always an underlying cause of motion sickness or dizziness. Many Americans suffer from some form of dizziness in their lifetime. Most cases of dizziness are mild and do not necessarily require extensive treatment. Many people with persistent allergies suffer from reoccurring dizziness. Dizziness may be prevented or treated by following certain tips and also seeking medical care. Consult one of our caring ENT specialists today to discuss a solution to your symptoms.


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Dedicated to the Memory of:
Bernice Phyllis (Mann) Knee (nee Mittleman)
Beloved Sister of Sandra Mittleman Robinson,
Granddaughter of Sochotzover Society Member Charles Miller
I was again in Lodz for the second winter. I still attended the cheder of Reb Aharon. I traveled home with the large cart of merchandise for the Wislickis. They discussed: the following winter, I would be given over to a teacher of Gemara. This filled me with pride. In Kutno, Aunt Itka was getting divorced from Berish.
We all traveled to a wedding at Purim time. Uncle Yitzchak, my aunt's brother who self-assuredly held himself out as a genius was getting married in Sochaczew. The bride was a granddaughter of the famous Sochaczewer Gaon Reb Avrahamele. It was said that this match was connecting two of the greatest and most well known Torah families in Poland. Reb Yehoshuale and Reb Avrahamele Sochaczewer. Indeed, the groom was a grandson of Reb Yitzchak Waworker and the bride a granddaughter of the Kocker. Old Hassidim said that the heavenly hosts are rejoicing with such a match. The Tzadikim in the Garden of Eden are being given cups with wine that has been kept [1] in order to drink Lechayim.
People were indeed preparing for such an important wedding. Preparations were being made in all of the Rebbe's courts in Poland to travel to the Sochaczewer wedding. Reb Avrahamele was the greatest prince of Torah in Poland a son-in-law of the Kocker, and a Rebbe of Hassidim.
We traveled by train from Lodz to Lowicz. Sochaczew was a small, remote town. A hicktown between marshes. No train went through it. One had to travel by covered wagon. That extra post also traveled in those marshes between Lowicz and Sochaczew. A large, yellow crate with a drawn Russian eagle, and with strange, tall wheels that knocked and moaned as they moved. From afar we heard that the extra post is traveling here. The wagon drivers of the post wore strange, circular hats. They also wore red, folded ropes from which hung twisted, brass trumpets. The coachmen blew these trumpets in the middle of the way, as they were going through Sochaczew. They blew strange, old-fashioned tunes that could be heard sharply and strangely from afar. When the extra posts went straight through a forest and the coachmen blew, the forest reverberated with loud, sharp echoes. Sochaczew was such a far-off hicktown that when one checked with the coachmen in Poland, one completely forgot about the old, yellow coach that was dragged through the marshes between Lowicz and Sochaczew. I did not know how Uncle Yankel in Kutno persuaded everybody to travel to Sochaczew not in an ordinary Jewish wagon, but rather in such a strange old-fashioned coach. Enough Uncle Yankel persuaded. When we were about to travel to Lowicz in the train and stay in some inn behind the train, the entire Kutno family was already there. Uncle Yankel was very occupied with his son-in-law Yerachmiel, and argued with him. In a different room for men, Grandfather Reb Moshel sat around the table in a place of honor, dressed in a rabbinical raccoon fur and a sable kolpak on his head. He held the rabbinical scepter in his hand with the thought that as he was sitting in the Lowicz inn, he was really in Sochaczew at the wedding. The groom Yitzchak with the disheveled peyos of a genius sat next to him. He wore a large velvet hat and a new raccoon fur that gave him the proud aura of a rabbinical genius. All sorts of Jews of Lowicz who were not connected to the relatives wearing weekday hats, pushed themselves among the Kutno in-laws. The Jews approached the grandfather Reb Moshel and gave him a greeting. The wives from Kutno were sitting in another room, drinking tea. Yaakov Comber, Hershel Najman's son-in-law and the new assistant of the grandfather Reb Moshel, pushed among them and called out hoarsely. He was a small, lively, dark Jew with a pear of burning, passionate eyes.
In the meantime, we heard from the outside the old-fashioned blaring of trumpets and the screeching of wheels. Uncle Yankel sprung out of his place, ran to the wives, and called out loudly and triumphantly,
The post!
Indeed, the two old-fashioned, yellow crates stood outside. Moustached gentiles wearing strange leather hats sat on the upper deck. The trumpets were tied up on the ropes, and long whips were in their hands. The gentiles cracked the whips, and thereby drove the passengers to the inn. We all went in. Uncle Yankel was in a festive mood, as if the coaches were his own. He battled with Yerachmiel even outside the coach. The steps of the coach were high, and entering was not simple. One could indeed hear shouting and laughter from the front of the coach, where the women were supposed to travel. The poor women could not ascend the coach. The shamash Yaakov Comber even though he was dressed in a velvet jacket, a yarmulke and a Hassidic belt (gartel) wound around stood near the wives and made all sorts of ambiguous jokes at the expense of the wives, who did not know how to descend from the yellow coach. He did the same near the men. This was very difficult for the elderly Jews, even though Uncle Yankel was standing near the steps shouting, and calling everyone a shlimazel [2]. When it came the turn of Yerachmiel, he unfortunately began to sigh loudly. He held on to his stomach with his hands, and was not even able to place one foot on the step. His wife Ratza cursed him from the women's coach. Uncle Yankel fumed and called unlucky Yerachmiel all sort of names. It did not work. At first, a few Jews of Lowicz who did not know him took Yerachmiel by the hands and dragged him onto the coach. Yerachmiel sighed loudly, and Uncle Yankel ranted and called cursed by the steps. When Uncle Yankel's turn finally came to go down the steps, he also was not able to reach the first step. Uncle Yankel suddenly became silent and coughed strongly. It did not help. The same Jews of Lowicz had to take him, Uncle Yankel, by the hands and pull him on the coach.
When all of the relatives were already sitting around, the old, yellow coaches quickly set out. The place shook, and all of the passengers fell one on top of the other. Uncle Yankel no longer shouted. The coaches sighed and shook, and it seemed as if all of Lowicz was shaking along with them. The wagon driver on the seat shouted Na Bak! and cracked the whips. Finally, the coaches passed the last houses of Lowicz, and continued on into the fields.
It was Purim time. The fields were still covered with deep snow. The roads that lead to Sochaczew, however, do not like snow. It was one long terrible bog full of pits and potholes. The mud percolated up and splattered under the tall, groaning wheels of the two coaches. Black crows flew and cawed over the white fields. The relatives inside the coaches merged into a cluster, and they had to maintain themselves without leaving anything, for life was not certain. The grandfather Reb Moshel even had an idea to discuss a matter of learning with the groom, however it was completely impossible to do the simplest thing and speaking was impossible, even if one shouted loudly. Suddenly an unexpectedly, we heard a loud blast of trumpets. Both gentiles on the deck trumpeted loudly in the middle of the empty, snowy fields.
Poor Yerachmiel was sitting, stuffed between the relatives, holding tightly to his own stomach. All of his own frailties began to speak things. Yerachmiel was greatly startled by the sudden loud trumpet blast. He went to Uncle Yankel and whispered in his ear that they must no more and no less stop the coach in the middle of the marsh, since he has to make
Uncle Yankel became red with anger.
Go travel with a fool to a wedding he shouted in the middle of the shaking clump of relatives.
The grandfather Reb Moshel decided: it's no use. We cannot let a Jew transgress such a great sin as, do not defile yourself [3].
With great anguish and torment, he barely succeeded in informing the gentile on the deck that he must stop the coach. The coach finally stopped. The coach with the woman also stopped. It seemed as if the deep mud in which the yellow spattered coaches made their way through with difficulty also rested. The crows cawed wildly over the snowy fields. When the doors of the coach opened, the fresh, end-of-winter air rushed in. All of the Jews in the coach had to help Yerachmiel descend. Yerachmiel went deep into the mud. Finally, they finally pulled Yerachmiel back onto the coach with great effort. When the gentile cracked his whip and tried to urge on the horses, it became clear that Uncle Yankel also had to relieve himself. They once again told the gentile that he had to wait. The difficult labor began, getting Uncle Yankel off and returning him to the coach.
Thus did we finally approach the first houses of Sochaczew, weary and broken. Then the real mud started. The town was completely swimming in mud. When our coaches noisily role between the small, wooden houses, it seemed that Sochaczew awoke from its lethargy. All of the windows opened. Various heads of women in sleeping caps and men in yarmulkes peered out of windows. Women called out to each other from several windows, announcing that the Kutner relatives. The gentiles on the deck began again to blow the trumpets. Thus did we travel through the Sochaczew market with noise and bellowing.
The market square was full of mud, in which gentiles and Jews trampled around. Jews stood together with farmers in front of the stores and chatted. All of them looked at the Kutner relatives. Our coaches traveled between the unhitched wagons of the farmers, which stood there almost sunken into the mud of Sochaczew. The horses of the farmers stood tied to the wagons, heartily munching on hay and fodder. Cows stood in the midst of the mud, looking foolishly upon the moving coaches and chewing their cud. A few goats wandered around the mud of the Sochaczew market, sticking their bearded heads into the doors of Jewish stores, as if they were seeking something. Finally, our coaches stopped. We were all slowly sent out to various Jews. Tired and pained from the long, difficult journey from Lowicz to Sochaczew, I immediately fell into a bed and slept like a corpse.
A wedding in Sochaczew. Go to it! A desert before a sinning body. They take me back to the Gemaras. Yaakov Comber is joining up with the Rebbetzin Tzina.
Sochaczew maintained the Kocker customs as much as possible. In the Kocker court a wedding never took place at night, as it did for all Jews, but rather in the midst of the day. Kocker children who were getting married often waited long hours until the Kocker came out of his little room to the chupa. It was not so sharp in Sochaczew, however, the Kocker custom of conducting a wedding during the day was kept with full strictness in Sochaczew. Therefore, there were no music players in Sochaczew, despite the fact that alas one must have musicians at a wedding. The musicians cursed the years. Hassidim pushed them aside like hand towels. As soon as they began to play, Reb Shmuel would call out: Go away, and Reb Avrahamele would start talking about learning with someone at the table. The jester who had to be engaged at a Sochaczew wedding like an unavoidable misfortune as soon as he opened his mouth, the Hassidim began to make a racket. Reb Avrahamele held that this was a denigration of Torah, and Reb Shmuel shouted out: Enough!. The rhymes literally remained sunken on the tongue of the unfortunate jester. He was pushed into a corner, and he was almost squeezed between the crowd of Hassidim, who had gathered around the table to hear Reb Avrahamele's words of Torah.
Thus did the wedding of Uncle Yankel take place in the middle of the day. It took place in the courtyard of Reb Avrahamele's Beis Midrash, in the midst of the veritable Sochaczew mud. Reb Shmuel's daughters were petite, dark, and pretty. Frumet, Uncle Yitzchak's [4] bride, was the prettiest in my opinion. She was petite and plump, with enthusiastic, laughing eyes. She did not wear a white wedding dress to the wedding. In Kock it was felt that women should not wear white dresses, as the ministering angels. This was restricted to the greatest Hassidim. Therefore, I recall, the bride Frumet was dressed in a yellow dress with a tam on the head and a yellow kerchief. All of the relatives in the impressive group of Hassidim stood in the mud around the chupa. The women stood a bit farther away, at the edge of the court, for those close to Reb Avrahamele must not see any woman. In the middle of the mud when they led the bride and groom to the chupa the musicians began to strum something, and Reb Shmuel shouted out from behind the chupa: Enough. The musicians were afraid and desisted. The marriage ceremony began under the chupa. Quick and to the point, without any long discourses and songs, everything was in accordance with the Kocker fashion.
Since the large wedding meal was to begin in the evening, the crowd went to their hosts or to the Beis Midrash immediately after the ceremony. Reb Avrahamele went to his customary class. Reb Shmuel sat and studied. The learned people of Sochaczew took their Gemaras, or began to engage in didactics and study. People forgot that a wedding took place moments before. The day in Reb Avrahamele's Beis Midrash took on its weekday learning appearance. In Sochaczew, they did not like to dwell on wedding ceremonies. Everyone returned to the Gemara. Meir Bornsztejn discussed business matters with a wealthy Sochaczew Hassid. The grandfather Reb Moshel also sat down to learn with the groom. The dressed up female relatives wandered around like lost souls. We were all hungry. Reb Avrahamele's Sochaczew was a desert for the sinning body. Reb Avrahamele's wife, Rebbetzin Tzina, the Kocker's daughter, kept the women away from wandering around the men, so as not to disturb the Jews who were studying Torah. The men of Kutno were driven to the Gemara. The attendant of Yaakov Comber who was hungry, went to the women relatives and asked for a piece of cake. He began to chat with the woman until Rebbetzin Tzina came and cut him off. All of the female relatives began to shout at him, Sinner, troubler of Israel, get out of here, go sit with your Gemara. Yaakov Comber lost his head, swallowed saliva, and took the deathly-hungry person into the Beis Midrash, where he sat down among learned Jews, and began to study Tractate Eruvin in a high, somewhat singsong voice.
It is the mealtime at a Sochaczewer wedding. People are engaged in didactics. The unfortunate jester! The Rebbetzin Tzina carries on with politeness toward the women.
A wedding meal in Sochaczew bears little resemblance to a normal wedding. It is simply a Rebbe's tisch (table celebration). The groom and Uncle Yitzchak sat in the place of honor next to Reb Avrahamele. When Reb Avrahamele opened his mouth, a silence pervaded amongst the Hassidim. The groom was almost pushed off into a corner. The food was meager. Even this was eaten hastily. They did play around with food. The most important thing was to discuss learning. Rev Avrahamele talked quietly and very nimbly, so that one could almost grab you with his eyes. Furthermore, Reb Shmuel hurried the Hassidic waiters and urged them not to waste time, and to serve what was there. Even before people touched the food, the servers removed the plates, and then the sharp didactical lecture began. Even in the great haste, Reb Avrahamele did not sit by the table. Since he was weak, Reb Shmuel led him back to his little room. Reb Avrahamele sat by himself with his Gemara. The didactical learning continued on at the wedding celebration with the remaining great scholars.
With the women, it was literally as if they were in a desert. An unholy silence pervaded. The Rebbetzin Tzina sat at the head of the table in her sharp Kocker austere style and instilled fear in everybody. If any of the women would have even tried to open her mouth, the Kocker's daughter would have cut her off at the moment, saying that one must not have any unnecessary conversation, for Reb Avrahamele is sitting not so far away with the Torah. One must be on guard, as if from fire, to not disturb him, and it is indeed better that one not speak any foolishness. After the meal and after the grace after meals, we went to our hosts to sleep. The women had no more to do after that. This was the manner in which Rebbetzin Tzina conducted the wedding meal.
Indeed, there was one woman from among the Kutno relatives whom, when Rebbetzin Tzina saw her, she relaxed her Kocker sharpness to some degree, and even displayed modesty and sentiment. Obviously, this was only to the extent that the Kocker daughter was able to display soft heartedness and sentiment.
This was Reb Yitzchak Waworker's daughter, Grandmother Blimele.
Chapters from the novel
{Note from translator: this section of excerpts from the novel extends from page 351-364. Due to the difficulty in translating the literary style, and the relative unimportance to the story of Sochaczew, only the first three pages have been translated here.}
It is still very early, he stammered, rubbing his eyes and looking over the house, which was completely enveloped in a cold and darkness. Seeing the frost flowers in the house, detecting a weirdness. He called over to the second bed:
Glika, Glika!
Hey what?, he grabs his wife strongly, and remains sitting with shut eyes and a wide-open mouth.
Do you see, it is already another frost! He points to the window and sticks both hands under his cotton undershirt in which he sleeps during the winter. He eagerly scratches his chest with the right hand, and around his shoulders with his left hand.
What do you say? he asks her again. She sits and rubs her closed eyelids with her moist finger.
She answers, there is no money.
She once heard this.
Indeed we need to buy a bit of coal, and a piece of rosy bread
He once again utters, It is a frost, as if to drive something from her.
He quickly removes his hands from his undershirt, lies back down, and pulls up the blanket over his nose. His wife looks at him from the other bed. A vapor rises from her face and body.
So, what will be? Huh?, she asks. She certainly knows that he cannot give any answer to this.
From the first room, the kitchen, a boyish voice calls out:
Move back from here! See how it is arranged. Others don't like you, only for the shoulders..
Close the Zwaratnik, Fuf,! Answers a heavier voice.
A cholera , we again hear the first, boyish voice.
A cholera in their bones! calls out Fantel. He has no peace during sleep.
But what will be, what will be?, repeats Glika in the eerie quiet, The bakery will no longer give any cherry bread. A bit of coal will burn in the kitchen . As she repeats this, she begins to scratch both her head and her heart, grating at the sleepyhead as one grates horseradish.
Fantel was hot from lying covered up to the nose. He raises a tiny bit of the blanket, and the cold air blows over his skin. A refreshing wind blows over his entire sturdy body. He soon casts a glance over the freezing room, grabs it again over his hands, covers himself well with the blankets, and feels the refreshing warmth.
Soon, one hand started to sweat, and then the second, and then his entire body. The ends of the short, solid, dark hairs on his head and face glisten, as if covered in dew. He began to move with his short, sturdy legs. He gave them a twist, and then a stretch, exactly as would have done a horse in the meadow, and then another twist and another stretch.
Go to hell, Fantel you thief!, shouted his wife, 'Tear apart that piece of linen that barely holds together.
But Fantel the thief does not hear anything now. He kicks in the bedding. He feels like a fish in the water, and perhaps he had some sort of idea perhaps about livelihood .
Would you like to have a new shpantzer [5], he suddenly calls out. His voice is so tender, as only Fantel's voice can be it was completely broken
Since she says nothing, he also is silent and engrossed in thoughts about good things: about a better life, and a more ample livelihood.
She indeed reminds him that it is indeed the proper time to do something, and not to sit the train gives nothing today water and groats and here everything is plucked, torn one has to have laundry, footwear, coal and wood.. and one needs, and one needs
And Fantel has prepared a complete plan It is not hard, G-d will help And he springs out of bed, not bothered a bit by the cold.
He wraps his legs with long leggings, like towels. He puts on the boots, and goes immediately to the stall, where he gives water to the horses.
Good morning, he says. His voice in the cold room is like a barrel outside. Aha, it is a little cold. He approaches the table that stands near the window. He pulls out his ears from under his large, plush hat, and sits down on a bench.
Did you not go to the train? Fantel cannot interrupt to speak in the middle of his prayers.
Fantel walks around the room, enwrapped in a yellow, squalid tallis, as it feels as if Fantel's small, cramped body sprouts with vigor.
And there is nobody with whom, answers Koppel as he coughs. He pours a drink of liquor., Who would indeed travel in such a chill?!
Fantel hurries on with his prayers. He bows, spits quickly to both sides [6], whips of the tallis and tefillin, quickly rolls up his sleeve, tightens his peaked hat over the eyebrows, and takes a yarmulke out from his fur coat.
{Note from translator: this section is a Purim play that extends from page 365-369. A significant amount of it is written in transliterated Polish. Due to the difficulty in translating, and the relative unimportance to the story of Sochaczew, The play is about a contraband smuggler who seeks refuge in the home of another Jew, but is eventually found by the secret police. It ends with the entire cast wishing everybody a happy Purim.}
JewishGen, Inc. makes no representations regarding the accuracy of
the translation. The reader may wish to refer to the original material
for verification.
JewishGen is not responsible for inaccuracies or omissions in the original work and cannot rewrite or edit the text to correct inaccuracies and/or omissions.
Our mission is to produce a translation of the original work and we cannot verify the accuracy of statements or alter facts cited.
Sochaczew, Poland Yizkor Book Project JewishGen Home Page
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Updated 10 July 2006 by LA


text:
The documents are not suits, but rather informational reports sent to regulators to make them aware of actions that Google believes are anti-competitive. Google submitted the documents to preempt Microsoft and Nokia from using proxies to wage patent wars against companies that might otherwise use Android.
"Nokia and Microsoft are colluding to raise the costs of mobile devices for consumers, creating patent trolls that side-step promises both companies have made," Google said in a statement. "They should be held accountable, and we hope our complaint spurs others to look into these practices."
The company declined to comment beyond the statement, and would not provide copies of the documents sent to the two regulatory agencies, which were submitted privately. Nokia declined to comment on the documents. Microsoft, though, accused Google of abusing its own market position.
"Google is complaining about patents when it won't respond to growing concerns by regulators, elected officials and judges about its abuse of standard-essential patents, and it is complaining about antitrust in the smartphone industry when it controls more than 95 percent of mobile search and advertising," Microsoft said in a statement. "This seems like a desperate tactic on their part."
Google is clearly concerned about Mosaid, a Canadian patent firm that acquired 2,000 wireless patents and patent applications from Nokia last September. Mosaid, which makes its money licensing patents and collecting royalties, sometimes via lawsuit, agreed to share that revenue with Nokia and Microsoft. Google worries that the essential patents held by Mosaid will be used as a bludgeon to blunt Android, rather than being shared on reasonable terms.
And while Mosaid sued Apple over patent infringement last March, it's unclear if the company has targeted any companies that use Android. Microsoft, though, has sued some Android device makers, such as Google-owned Motorola, and reached licensing deals with others, most recently with Pegatron last month.
Mosaid is not the only company on Google's radar. Nokia sold 450 patents and patent applications to Sisvel in January. And Rockstar, a consortium that includes Microsoft and Apple, won 6,000 patents and patent applications from Nortel, the bankrupt Canadian telecom equipment maker, and received permission from regulators in March to close the deal.


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Because it's new, it hasn't been time-tested. However, at a recent teaching event the participants indicated real interest, so I'm writing it up. If you choose to try this trick, heads up! You're a guinea pig in the real-life test lab of knitting.
I believe it will work. I'm pretty sure it won't come out. Further, it's less bulky than many other methods for hiding a cut edge. Yet, I want to stress one more time that, unlike most tricks on this blog, this one is a beta version (beta=testing version).
If I haven't scared you away, here's some background about steeks. The actual method starts in the next post after this one.
ADVANTAGES of STEEKING
Why would any sane person take a scissors to a project as labor-intensive as a hand-made sweater? Why not just knit pieces in the first place?
Steeking is a traditional method, and the old-time knitters were no fools: they couldn't go out and buy sweaters at the mall. They had to have had good reason for everything they did. In fact, there are several good reasons to steek.
Knitting on circular needles (making a tube) means you never have to purl. So, if your flat knitting "rows out," working a tube will solve that issue.
Stranded color knitting and circular knitting go together really well, also. You're always working on the front face of the fabric: easy to see the pretty patterns developing correctly. Further, you never have to purl back in stranded knitting, and stranded purling is worth avoiding.
While steeking has many advantages, there are disadvantages, too. In the comments, reader Uehltje points out that cutting is permanent. While there are other ways to restyle a poorly-fitting garment, it is unquestionably true that you cannot restyle a steeked garment by pulling out the yarn and re-knitting it.
Another disadvantage is that any steek, no matter how cleverly constructed, is going to be bulkier than an ordinary knit edge. This is because the cut ends of the yarn simply must go somewhere, and there's no place for them to go other than the vicinity of the cut edge itself.
Further, some steeked sweaters are going to wind up bulkier than others. Specifically, a faced steek on a one color garment is going to be less bulky than on two-color knitting. This is because, in stranded knitting, two strands have to be hidden for each row knit (one strand of each color in that row), whereas only one end has to be hidden per row in a one-color garment.
While some bulk at the front opening of a garment might not be too troublesome, an armhole steek puts bulk in the underarm area, an uncomfortable drawback with no really good solution.
Because of the bulk issue, it's best to try out a steek in the yarn you want to use for the garment, before knitting an entire garment and then discovering the steek is too bulky for your taste. The next post is a tutorial showing the steek worked up on just such a swatch.
Steeks are traditional to knitting cultures where wool is used, most famously northern climates, such as Norway. The reason is twofold. First, at that time and place, almost all yarn was wool, so when this technique was invented, wool was it. Second, wool actually works best for this trick, and by "wool," I mean plain ordinary non-superwash sheep's wool. This is because wool is, well, woolly. Each strand is essentially a stack of scales. When bumped or rubbed, you could see how such scales would hook together.
|Wool fibers **
Contrast this to polyester, acrylic and all other oil-based yarns: oil is slippery, and so are its babies. Further, oil-based fiber is extruded (squirted out) through shower-nozzle type devices, in a single smooth scale-less strand. Even if artificially crimped, as some newer synthetic yarns are, this stuff is slick at the most fundamental level.
Silk is just as slippery as oil-based yarns, being also completely scale-less. Further, just like extruded oil-based yarn, silk, too, is an extruded fiber--it's just that a silkworm is doing the extruding, not a machine.
Plant-derived yarns, such as cotton and linen aren't as smooth as silk and oil-based yarns, because they do have growth rings, twists and other natural irregularities. However, these don't compare to the irregular scales of sheep's wool, so these yarns, too, are slippery.
Bottom line: if you're planning to steek, the inherent grabbiness of ordinary sheep's wool is your ally in the fight against unraveling, whereas the inherent slippery-ness of the other fibers would be one more thing to fight against: if you haven't clicked any other link, click this one to check out a side-by-side close-up photo of the various fibers.
PREVIEW of the TECH-METHOD
The TECH experimental method shown in the next post is based on the crocheted slip stitch. The finished product includes a facing which hides the cut edges, and prevents any stress being transmitted to the fragile cut edge. The next post is a tutorial of the new method, as worked on a swatch. See you then!
Until next time, good knitting --TK
** The illustration of wool fibers is from the copyright-free book "The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing" by Watson Smith, available through Project Gutenberg.


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Takoradi, Ghana – Opposition forces in Ivory Coast said Wednesday that they had begun an assault to dislodge the nation's strongman, Laurent Gbagbo, from a bunker under his residence after he refused French and United Nations demands to leave.
The aim was "to seize Gbagbo physically and, if he is alive, to bring him to justice," said Apollinaire Yapi, a spokesman for Alassane Ouattara, who is recognized internationally as the winner of the presidential elections last year. Mr. Gbagbo has rejected the outcome and refused to step down, reigniting a civil war.
"The firing is very heavy," Mr. Yapi said in a telephone interview, referring to the assault to dislodge Mr. Gbagbo.
Mr. Gbagbo has been holed up in his bunker for two days. In an interview with French television on Wednesday, Mr. Gbagbo remained defiant even though opposing forces said they were advancing.
Asked if he was ready to leave, he said, "We're not quite at that stage yet."
"The army has called for an end to the fighting, especially from the French," Mr. Gbagbo said. "Of course, that implies a general cease-fire. That's what the army is talking about. After that, I want the politicians — the civilians — to take over and have talks about ending the crisis. Then you can ask me questions. Right now, I'm not negotiating."
News reports, quoting Mr. Gbagbo's representatives, said French forces had joined the assault, opening fire from helicopters and a nearby rooftop. The United Nations and France had attacked targets at his residence, his offices and two of his military bases on Monday, in what they called an effort to destroy his heavy weaponry and protect civilians.
But French officials denied that either French or United Nations forces were involved in attacks on the presidential residence on Wednesday.
"We're not involved, and neither is Onuci," said Bernard Valero, the French Foreign Ministry spokesman, referring to the United Nations Mission in Ivory Coast. "It is Ouattara's guys."
Mr. Gbagbo's refusal to leave prompted increasing frustration among those who had been trying to negotiate his surrender.
Alain Juppé, the French foreign minister, said in a radio interview in Paris that Mr. Gbagbo was displaying an "absurd" stubbornness and was isolated. "Everybody's dropped him."
Adm. Édouard Guillaud, the chief of staff of the French armed forces, said that he expected Mr. Gbagbo to surrender within hours. "He has no other choice," Admiral Guillaud said.
Mr. Gbagbo's departure would end a four-month standoff that has underscored both the strengths and limits of international diplomacy. For months, Mr. Gbagbo has angrily defied global condemnation and hard-hitting sanctions as his nation spiraled back into the kind of conflict that the elections were intended to heal.
In the end, though, it has come down to force. The international stance, taken by African and Western countries alike, greatly weakened Mr. Gbagbo's ability to govern. But his willingness even to discuss the terms of his exit came only after opposition forces swept across the country and France and the United Nations entered the fight, striking his redoubts and two of his bases.
On Tuesday, a day after the international attacks, Mr. Juppé told a Parliament hearing that French negotiators were helping to broker Mr. Gbagbo's surrender, demanding that he sign a document formally recognizing Mr. Ouattara as the country's legitimate president. The United Nations secretary general, Ban Ki-moon, had backed the French terms, Mr. Juppé said.
"What is going on are negotiations with Laurent Gbagbo and his family, to finalize the conditions of his departure," he said at the time.
Diplomats said that Mr. Gbagbo appeared to believe that he still had a bargaining position, though his government and armed forces had collapsed around him.
"It's over but he's still trying to play games," a senior Western diplomat in Abidjan said Tuesday night, speaking on the condition of anonymity because the negotiations were still under way. "The exact substance of what he's trying to negotiate is foggy."
The United Nations said Tuesday that Mr. Gbagbo's top three generals had called "to say that an order to stop fighting was being given," and that their troops were being told to hand in their weapons to United Nations forces and ask for their protection.
Even if Mr. Gbagbo agreed to step down, officials for Mr. Ouattara said they would insist on his being prosecuted — either at home or abroad — for the extended campaign of armed repression he waged against opponents after the election.
"He will be prosecuted," said Mr. Yapi, the spokesman for Mr. Ouattara. "He must be prosecuted. Do we keep him here, do we send him abroad, I don't know," he continued, adding: "He must answer for his actions."
It was also unclear whether Mr. Gbagbo's supporters would accept Mr. Ouattara as president.
While President Obama said Tuesday that he strongly supported the United Nations and French strikes against Mr. Gbagbo's military positions, saying they were part of a "mandate to protect civilians," many Ivorians will see them as part of a Western plot to undermine the nation's sovereignty, a theme Mr. Gbagbo has exploited to great effect over the crisis.
Throughout the crisis, international officials have warned both sides not to attack civilians, and international prosecutors have threatened to bring criminal charges, to little avail. United Nations officials have also threatened to run roadblocks and use robust force to protect civilians, but the military strikes this week stood out as a notable departure from their usual peacekeeping efforts.
Alain Le Roy, head of peacekeeping operations at the United Nations, described the use of airstrikes on Mr. Gbagbo's forces this week as a necessity. "It was a heavy decision," he said.
Adam Nossiter reported from Takoradi, and Alan Cowell from London. Dan Bilefsky contributed reporting from the United Nations, and Scott Sayare from Paris.
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The recent surge of deadly xenophobic attacks in South Africa is triggering concern in several African countries. The deaths have sparked reprisal attacks and calls for an end to the operation of South African businesses in Nigeria. But tens of thousands of Nigerian jobs could be at stake.
Days after reprisal attacks on South African-owned businesses in the Nigerian capital, it's not business as usual for Moses Iyuagba.
His corner shop business near Abuja has been spared. But, Iyuagba says he is still worried after angry protesters raided the offices of South African communications giant MTN and its affiliate, Shoprite, halting operations.
"It's like four days now I've not been to the office. Presently as I'm speaking with you people, my stock is going down," Iyuagba said.
This is not the first time xenophobic attacks on Nigerian nationals in South Africa have triggered reprisals.
Similar incidents happened after attacks in South Africa killed 62 people in 2008 and seven more in 2015.
Hundreds of protesters took to this street after recent attacks killed at least five people last week. One of them, Ali Yusuf, accuses the South African government of not addressing the issue.
"Why can't South Africans leave Nigerians in their country to go about their businesses? Yusuf asked. We have made Nigeria comfortable for them; we're not disturbing them, we're not burning down their houses or businesses."
South Africa is a major destination for economic migrants across Africa, including Nigerians.
But foreign workers often face anti-immigrant violence for competing against locals for jobs, usually in low-skilled sectors.
South Africa's high commissioner, Bobby Moroe, was summoned by authorities here. He has condemned the attacks.
"Over the past 25 years or so we've been through a number of challenges but what has always come to our rescue [is] the strong bond of friendship and kinship between South Africa and Nigeria. So our government condemns by all means violence against any individual," Moroe said.
South Africa's huge investments provide employment and livelihoods for several thousand Nigerians.
Nigeria's foreign affairs minister, Geoffrey Onyeama, says the government is consulting with its South African counterparts to address the issue.
"We feel, the Nigerian government that very definitive measures have to be taken to stop once and for all these acts of aggression, criminality against Nigerians in South Africa," Onyeama said.
Many Nigerians, however, continue to demand an end to South African operations in the country.
For now, major South African businesses in Nigeria are shut down indefinitely while people like Iyuagba, whose jobs depend on them, wait for a return to business as usual.


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5 DuraTech Wall Thimble
5 DuraTech Wall Thimble
Adjusts from a minimum of 4" to a maximum of 10" wall thickness, and fits between standard wall studs. To accommodate thicker walls, the telescoping pieces can be extended up to 16"with a field-fabricated extension installed. Interior trim ring painted black. Must be installed with DuraTech chimney pipe horizontally through the wall and extend 6" into the room beyond the interior wall. 6" and 8" stainless steel exterior trim available.
DuraTech is a double-wall, all-fuel chimney system for used with wood stoves, fireplaces, furnaces, boilers, ranges, water heaters or other appliances fueled by wood, oil, coal or gas, and zero-clearance fireplaces that are factory-built. This system is designed for normal continuous operation at 1000 degrees flue gas temperatures and is subjected to rigorous and stringent HT requirements of the UL standard ensuring its excellence.
- Type: Wall Thimble
- Inside Diameter: 5"
- Country: United States | Canada
- Certification: UL Listed | ULC-S604 | UL-103
- Outside Material: Galvalume
- Pipe Class: Class-A
- Clearance to Combustibles: 2"
- Color: Black


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Why Are Pregnant Women Told to Avoid Feta Cheese?
I love to eat cheese but I'm pregnant. And I know that there are some cheeses that pregnant women shouldn't eat. Which ones should I avoid?
– Louise
Soft, unpasteurized cheeses like feta, Brie, Camembert, blue-veined cheeses, and goat — as well as ready-to-eat meats like hot dogs and deli meats — may contain Listeria, bacteria that cause mild flu-like symptoms in most adults but can be very dangerous for unborn babies. Listeriosis, the infection caused by the bacteria, can cause miscarriage, premature birth, or severe illness or death of a newborn.
When made from pasteurized milk, most soft cheeses are considered safe to eat during pregnancy. That goes for other cheeses made from pasteurized milk too, such as cheddar, American, cottage, and cream cheeses. Hard cheeses are generally considered safe in pregnancy.
Whatever you buy, always make sure the label says "pasteurized" on it, and talk to your doctor if you aren't sure about a certain cheese.
Note: All information is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.
© 1995- The Nemours Foundation. KidsHealth® is a registered trademark of The Nemours Foundation. All rights reserved.
Images sourced by The Nemours Foundation and Getty Images.


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Posting Information
All items are sent first class in a bubble envelope. I will post within 4 business days, unless Im on holiday, in which case a notice will be made in the shop area.
International buyers: You are responsible for any fees your country might charge at customs. If you are unsure, please find out what value can be imported to your country before making an order.
"It's a Wrap!"


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Volvo Cars first with next-generation hybrids
The V60 Plug-in Hybrid is three cars in one
How about integrating the very best properties from three different car types into one, single attractive sports wagon?
By simply pressing a button you can choose which car you want to drive:
Allow us to present the world's first diesel plug-in hybrid. Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrid will reach the showrooms 2012.
"The second-generation hybrid is the perfect choice for the uncompromising buyer who wants a superbly carbon dioxide-lean car packed with driving pleasure," says Stefan Jacoby, President and CEO of Volvo Cars. He adds:
"The technology is still undergoing development and testing. However, the car already points very clearly to what our customers can expect when the plug-in hybrid enters showrooms next year."
The front wheels of the V60 Plug-in Hybrid will be driven by a five-cylinder 2.4-litre D5 turbodiesel, which produces 215 horsepower and maximum torque of 440 Nm.
The rear axle features ERAD (Electric Rear Axle Drive) in the form of an electric motor producing 70 horsepower, which receives its power from a 12 kWh lithium-ion battery pack. The car features a six-speed automatic transmission.
The driver chooses the preferred driving mode via three buttons on the instrument panel: Pure, Hybrid and Power. The interaction between diesel and electric power is handled via a control system.
"In order to get true car enthusiasts to think green, you have to offer them the opportunity to drive with low carbon dioxide emissions without taking away the adrenaline rush that promotes genuine driving pleasure. The V60 Plug-in Hybrid has all the traditional properties of a genuine sports wagon. What we've done is to spice it up with spearhead technology that allows the driver to choose: zero emissions, high-efficiency hybrid or full-on performance. Just select the mode that suits best," says Stefan Jacoby.
Three different temperaments
The Pure, Hybrid and Power driving modes give the V60 Plug-in Hybrid three different temperaments:
The majority of all European car drivers cover less than 50 km a day, for instance to and from work. On longer trips, the diesel engine is activated automatically, giving the car the same properties and range as a conventional hybrid.
Several additional possibilities and benefits
In addition to its three driving modes, the V60 Plug-in Hybrid features a number of other possibilities and benefits:
Recharging at home
The Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrid is recharged via a regular power socket (230V/6A, 10A or 16A) at home or in a parking lot. The charging time depends on the level of the current. A full 10A charge takes 4.5 hours. The time is shortened to 3 hours with 16A, while a charge in a 6A socket takes 7.5 hours.
To get a comfortable start of the journey, the car driver has the possibility to preheat or cool the passenger compartment during the recharging process. This also means that more battery capacity can be used for powering the car.
The pre conditioning is programmed via a timer integrated into the car's setup menu or remotely via a mobile phone.
Special white paintwork
The Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrid features a special white paint supplied by Dupont - and the interior also has several unique details and colours compared with a standard V60, such as leather upholstery from Elmo.
On the outside the car has several additional features that emphasise its CO2-lean profile, such as lightweight wheels with exceptionally low air drag and Pirelli tyres designed for low rolling resistance.
The instrument panel in the Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrid has been modified to give the driver a full range of important information about diesel and electricity consumption, battery charge level, remaining range and so on.
It will also be possible to communicate with the car via a mobile application. This gives the owner access to a number of smart features, such as a reminder to plug in the charging cable if this hasn't been done at a certain, pre-set time.
New, groundbreaking green-tech
"Volvo Cars has introduced groundbreaking green-tech before. For instance, we invented the catalytic converter with Lambda probe, a system that is now fitted to all cars. With our latest development we are once again demonstrating our leadership in the environmental field by being first to market hybrid technology in an entirely new dimension," says Stefan Jacoby, and adds:
"Having Vattenfall in the electricity generating industry as a partner gives us an added strength. It allows us to be on the inside and shape developments in this area, for instance when it comes to clean electricity and infrastructure. We will also offer our customers a climate-neutral electricity supply contract when our plug-in hybrid enters series production."


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9 Other Mascots Who Were Given a Facelift
The New Orleans Pelicans announced this week that the team's mascot was undergoing "beak surgery," a coy euphemism for making the much-mocked pelican slightly less horror-inducing.
Getty Images/@PelicansNBA
Pierre isn't the first mascot to get a facelift (or total transformation). Here are nine others who underwent an update.
1. The Pirate Parrot
Pittsburgh Pirates/Getty Images
When the Pirates introduced a Parrot as their mascot in 1979, he was designed to resemble the incredibly popular San Diego Chicken. The original Parrot wore the typical tri-corner pirate hat, complete with skull and crossbones. That year, the Parrot led the Pirates to a World Series victory, an impressive feat for a rookie.
The effort went unappreciated though, and the team opened the 1980 season with a revamped Parrot patrolling the stands. The new mascot was rounder and more cartoonish. The beak was curved with a pair of oversized googly eyes perched on top. However, this friendlier-featured Parrot has struggled to find postseason success. The Pirates haven't been in the World Series since.
2. Bernie Brewer
True Brew/Getty Images
The Brewers' mustachioed mascot has undergone a makeover during his 21-year tenure, but both incarnations are true to the adorable origin story. After one year in Seattle, the franchise had moved to Milwaukee in 1970—but the crowds were not quick to follow. One dedicated fan, 69-year-old Milt Mason, took it upon himself to rally the masses. Under the auspices of the team and dressed in lederhosen, Milt set up camp atop the scoreboard and vowed to stay there till the team drew 40,000 spectators. It took 40 days, but when the stadium was finally sufficiently full, Milt slid down a rope to celebrate the Brewers' fans and a well-timed win.
The stunt was so popular that it was immortalized with the creation of Bernie Brewer as the mascot in 1973, and Milt was honored as the original Bernie. The first mascot memorial to Milt was just a man in a costume that resembled Milt's German attire topped off with an oversized head. Bernie was phased out in 1984, but in 1993, Bernie was reborn as a full-body costumed, cartoonish mascot.
3. Giants' Crazy Crab and Lou Seal
San Francisco Giants/Getty Images
When the Giants got into the mascot game, the team chose to forgo fearsome animals and adorable creatures. Instead, they created Crazy Crab in 1984, an "anti-mascot" that looked as much like a slice of sandwich meat as it did a crustacean. Rather than elicit cheers, the hapless crab was designed to draw jeers as a satirical comment on the state of mascot-dom (or something).
It worked a little too well. In a 96-loss season, fans and players alike relished the opportunity to vent their frustration on the blameless mascot. They lobbed not just insults but food, trash, and even resin bags at the crab. The team decided to put Crazy Crab out of his misery after just one season. It would be over a decade before the Giants attempted to get back into the mascot game. Lou Seal, named in a KNBR Sports Radio phone-in contest, debuted in 1996. The sunglasses-wearing sea mammal was an instant hit.
4. Nationals' Screech
Getty Images
When the Expos left Montreal behind to become the Washington Nationals, they didn't bring Youppi!, their Canadian-minded mascot. In need of a new face for the franchise, the team solicited contest entries from D.C. public schools for what the mascot—who students were told would hatch from an egg and fly over the city—should look like. Fourth-grader Glenda Gutierrez's drawing came closest to the stout, fuzzy eagle chick that "hatched" on the field on April 17, 2005.
Most mascots who get an update are made less intimidating and more lovable. But bucking the trend, the Nationals decided that Screech was too cute and needed an edgier look. So just a few years later, a leaner, meaner Screech debuted to start the 2009 season. Nationals PR explained that Screech was just growing up (naturally) and that this was his teenager stage.
5. Expos' and Canadiens' Youppi!
Getty Images
But what about Youppi!? The orange hairy giant joined the Montreal Expos in 1979, but was abandoned when the team moved to Washington prior to the 2005 season. Youppi! was not out of work long, though. He became the first mascot to make the switch from MLB to the NHL when he was picked up by the Montreal Canadiens, making his hockey debut on October 18, 2005. As for an appearance change? Well, all he had to do was switch jerseys.
6. 49ers' Sourdough Sam
Getty Images
In the early days, the 49ers' logo showed a gritty gold miner with a droopy mustache, a fallen hat, and a pair of pistols. When they first debuted their mascot, Sourdough Sam, he was designed to be reminiscent of that early emblem. His ten-gallon hat had a chunk missing and much of his chubby face was hidden behind a wild brown beard. A slimmer Sam showed up for the 2006 season. Brown eyes had become blue and in place of a beard he now sported a clean shaven—and incredibly chiseled—chin. His hat was flawless and his smile was wide and toothy. Sam has stayed trim ever since, but he brought back the facial hair a few seasons ago.
7. Padres' Swinging Friar
Getty Images
No one knows when the clergyman with a violent streak first became associated with the Padres. In fact, the emblem predates the Padres joining the ranks of Major League Baseball in 1969. Originally, the lovable logo came to life at the games in the form of an actual man dressed in appropriate garb. However, following a World Series appearance (and loss) in 1984, then-owner Joan Kroc thought the Friar wasn't professional enough and replaced him with a pared-down baseball-based logo. Fans missed the Friar, however, and he was reborn in the late-1990s, this time with a proper mascot costume to bring the beloved logo to life.
8. Seahawks' Blitz
Getty Images
Blitz burst onto the scene in 1998. An unnaturally muscular bird, Blitz's feathers have changed slightly during his career to suit the shade of teal the Seahawks are sporting in any given year. However, he underwent a major update in 2004 to make his snarling facial features less snarl-y. [The first person to find a 1998 photo of Blitz and link to it in the comments gets a mental_floss t-shirt.]
9. Braves' Chief Noc-A-Homa and Homer
Getty Images
Long before the debate raged about the Washington Redskins, the Braves retired their Native American "mascot." Chief Noc-A-Homa was the name given to the "screaming Indian" sleeve patch worn on Braves jerseys. A teepee was set up in the bleachers where the Chief "lived" and after every home team homer or victory he would send up a smoke signal and perform a celebratory dance.
There were three Chief Noc-A-Homa's during the mascot's Atlanta existence. The longest lasting and final incarnation was played by Levi Walker, an Odawa Native American. But after 17 years in costume, the Braves declined to bring Walker back for the 1986 season. At the time, the team claimed it was a mutual decision stemming from a disagreement about pay and scheduling. However, no one was brought in to fill the role. Years later, Walker said criticism over the character was to blame: "They were overly sensitive about being politically correct."
The team later debuted the undeniably inoffensive Homer the Brave, a Mr. Met-inspired baseball-headed humanoid. Homer's race-less perma-smile has graced the games ever since.


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LOS ANGELES – After finishing three games in roughly 56 hours with their best effort yet, Kobe Bryant and the Los Angeles Lakers demonstrated why their demise might not be as imminent as many thought.
Bryant scored 26 points, Pau Gasol added 22 points and nine rebounds, and the Lakers avoided just the fourth 0-3 start in franchise history with a 96-71 victory over the Utah Jazz on Tuesday night.
Metta World Peace scored 14 points for the Lakers, who had much more life than the Jazz despite playing their third game in three nights to open the season. Los Angeles ran away with a dominant third quarter, making a 27-8 surge out of halftime in the club's first win for coach Mike Brown.
After a tumultuous preseason under a new coaching staff, several injuries and the NBA's only three-games-in-three-nights start, the Lakers realize they're still lacking a consistent identity and a thorough knowledge of Brown's game plan. At least a blowout win over the Jazz allowed them to enjoy their first day off since training camp began.
"We're a very active team," Bryant said. "This is a blue-collar team. We're a scrappy bunch. You saw that. We're going to fight and scratch and claw for everything, as it should be. That'll get us by."
With a Christmas loss to the Chicago Bulls and another defeat in Sacramento one night later, the Lakers got off to their first 0-2 start since the 2002-03 season. But Los Angeles has started 0-3 just three times in franchise history — just once in the last 50 years (1978-79).
Utah missed 17 of its first 19 shots in the second quarter while the Lakers made a 13-0 run capped by a one-handed dunk by World Peace, the normally ground-bound leader of Los Angeles' second unit. Los Angeles blew out the Jazz after halftime, jumping to a 68-39 lead with a 12-2 run.
"To hold a team to 32 percent and 71 points in an NBA game, I don't care who you're playing, you're doing something right on that end of the floor," Brown said. "The focus, the energy, the effort, that communication and trust that we brought defensively, was exciting to see."
The Lakers comprehensively shut down the Jazz, the last NBA team to open its regular season. Paul Millsap had 18 points and 10 rebounds for Utah, but coach Tyrone Corbin scowled throughout the lowest-scoring performance in an opener in franchise history.
"They're a veteran team, they have a lot of pride, and they have some great players in that locker room," Corbin said. "I told our guys before the game, 'If you expect them to come out and lay down because they're playing there games in three nights, you're mistaken.' They wanted to get the monkey off their back as soon as they could, and they played like it."
In the Jazz's first season opener without coach Jerry Sloan running their bench since 1988, Utah made just 20 shots in the first three quarters and shot 20 fewer free throws than the Lakers. Al Jefferson went 2 for 16, C.J. Miles was 1 for 8, and rookie Enes Kanter was 1 for 7 in his NBA debut.
At least Utah's 25-point loss was one point better than the biggest blowout loss in Utah opener history.
"It didn't seem like much was working for us," said Utah forward Gordon Hayward, who had seven points. "It felt like we were a little stagnant, just standing around and watching a little bit. They kind of blew it open in the third quarter, and we can't allow that to happen. But it's just one game. We just need to be more confident shooters."
The Lakers got their only back-to-back-to-back series of games out of the way immediately, although they still won't even get consecutive days off until mid-January. When the New York Knicks visit Staples Center on Thursday night, Los Angeles still will be without starting center Andrew Bynum, who will finish his four-game suspension for misbehavior in last spring's playoffs.
The Lakers already are hurting this season, with Bryant nursing a torn ligament in his right wrist and Gasol wearing extra support for his sprained right shoulder. Veteran Matt Barnes, who's dealing with bursitis in his left hip, didn't play for the second time in three games despite a loud fan chant for him in the fourth quarter.
Millsap came off the Utah bench, playing through tendinitis in his right quadriceps that nearly kept him out of uniform. Jazz newcomer Josh Howard had 10 points in 24 minutes.
NOTES: Corbin waited until right before game time to rule in Millsap, the Jazz's sturdy power forward. Millsap was a reserve for most of his first four NBA seasons, but started all 76 games in which he appeared last season. ... Lakers F Troy Murphy fouled out in 32 scoreless minutes, but he also had 11 rebounds and four assists. ... Utah plays five games in the next seven days, including a one-day trip to San Antonio. The Lakers have four games in the next seven days.


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Estimated read time: 5-6 minutes
This archived news story is available only for your personal, non-commercial use. Information in the story may be outdated or superseded by additional information. Reading or replaying the story in its archived form does not constitute a republication of the story.
DAYTONA BEACH, Fla. (AP) — Sebastien Bourdais spent a day in early November helping IndyCar iron out the wrinkles on its newest safety innovation. He'd been chosen to test the new windscreen cockpit protection because of his experience, his ability to offer technical feedback and his methodical approach in a race car.
Later that evening, the four-time series champion learned he was likely going to be fired from his job with Dale Coyne Racing. It took another two weeks for the details to be worked out between Coyne and Bourdais, who was dumped with a year remaining on his contract and too late in the free agency process to land another IndyCar ride.
Now Bourdais, tied for sixth on the all-time wins list with 37 career victories, finds himself sidelined along with James Hinchcliffe, another popular veteran who learned after the season ended that re-branded Arrow McLaren SP was replacing him despite a year left on his contract.
Both drivers are longtime fixtures in open-wheel racing and opened 2020 with zero IndyCar prospects.
"James Hinchcliffe and Sebastien Bourdais are big names in the series. They are not someone to just whisk off and forget about. It's serious," former Indianapolis 500 winner and series champion Ryan Hunter-Reay told The Associated Press.
The abrupt sacking of Bourdais and Hinchcliffe has made for an offseason of distasteful business decisions that has contributed to a rapidly changing landscape in a series trying to make a comeback. Hinchcliffe was replaced at McLaren by 20-year-old Patricio O'Ward; Bourdais got the boot because he failed to score a manufacturer point for Honda last season, so Honda cut Coyne's engine funding and Coyne opted for Alex Palou, a Spaniard who brought financial backing to the program.
"It's very European motorsports, which I hate," said former Indy 500 winner Alexander Rossi. "I am all too familiar with it, the not honoring of contracts. But that's motorsports."
This has been a particularly cruel offseason for some of IndyCar's biggest names, who are scrambling for seats that just don't exist. Tony Kanaan wants a 23rd and final season, but A.J. Foyt doesn't appear to have the money to run him on anything but ovals.
Being fired is bad enough, but the timing has made it a double punch for the drivers.
"I think drivers to a certain extent, we understand we are expendable. There's a lot of us lined up and if you are not getting the results or getting your job done, there is a line out the door of guys who will come in and try to replace you," said Hunter-Reay. "But that's not the issue. I think it's when it comes down to it, there needs to be some type of business sense with integrity involved and you actually notify someone ahead of time and give them a chance to go out and find another ride.
"When it really burns us is when it happens so late like that, the music has already stopped, there's no more chairs and you are left standing there."
Bourdais had already been in talks with JDC Miller in sports cars to run the three IMSA endurance races, and when he lost his job with Coyne, he called team leader Christian Fittipaldi and turned that opportunity into a full-time job with the team.
"I picked up the phone and said 'Hey dude, not looking for three races anymore,' " Bourdais told AP.
So the Frenchman is at Daytona International Speedway this weekend testing for the Rolex 24 at Daytona, his first race in his new job. Hinchcliffe has yet to announce anything at all, and there's speculation he may end up doing television work for NBC Sports as he waits for a seat to open.
Both Bourdais and Hinchcliffe have said little about their firings, with Bourdais on Saturday citing confidentially clauses in his split with Coyne for how little he could reveal.
Bitter at how the situation played out, he insisted he's not looking back and focused only on trying to fill his calendar with more races in 2020. He's got a shot at landing a ride for the 24 Hours of Le Mans, where's he a previous class winner, and wants to get back into IndyCar.
But he's a salaried driver who does not bring sponsorship and isn't interested in finding funding to join a smaller team just for the sake of getting back into the series. Bourdais only wishes his parting had come earlier when he might have been able to land an open seat.
"I think every contract is different so you can't generalize things and I can't say that Dale didn't have an out," Bourdais told AP. "It's just the timing of things that was really complicated for me, it's just the harshness of the business and financials got in the way. We're not in a teddy bear kind of world ... people do things for a reason and some are on the receiving end of bad things and you try to take the feelings out of it.
"It's not the way you want to go, you'd like to go on your own terms and sometimes racing decides that for you."
The late seat changes took five-time series champion Scott Dixon by surprise, as he anticipated a quiet offseason with a far more frenzied free agency to begin this summer ahead of several expiring driver contracts. Dixon thought McLaren completely botched its handling of Hinchcliffe, then the abrupt Bourdais firing only added to the chaos.
"The guys you thought were (in good shape) turned out not to be and the timing definitely sucks," Dixon said. "Bourdais really seemed like he was blown out of the water. It's definitely an interesting time for what we thought was going to be a quiet offseason and now it's pretty messed up."
Copyright © The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Spain has a Doping Problem says Sports Minister
Spain's sports minister acknowledged the country has a doping problem that needs fixing after its record in the fight against drugs came under scrutiny with Alberto Contador's ban from cycling.
Spain's sports minister acknowledged the country has a doping problem that needs fixing after its record in the fight against drugs came under scrutiny with Alberto Contador's ban from cycling.
Jose Ignacio Wert, minister for education, culture and sport, said Spain needed to improve its record "to gain credibility" in the eyes of international bodies.
"We have a problem with doping and that's why we have every intention of making sure Spain's anti-doping law conforms with WADA's anti-doping code," Wert said at the Forum de la Nueva Sociedad.
Madrid submitted its 2020 Olympic bid application to the International Olympic Committee Tuesday in Lausanne, Switzerland.
He added that tougher measures on doping are necessary to provide "institutional aid" to Madrid's bid to host the 2020 Games, and a planned bid from Barcelona for the 2022 Winter Games.
Contador was banned this month because of a failed drug test at the 2010 Tour de France, and he was stripped of the title of that race. The Spanish cyclist, who also won the Tour de France in 2007 and '09, was handed a retroactive two-year ban that will sideline him from this year's French classic, the Giro d'Italia and the 2012 London Olympics.
Contador has formed part of Spain's golden generation that includes athletes such as Rafael Nadal, Formula One driver Fernando Alonso, NBA star Pau Gasol and the national soccer team, which is the world and European champion.
Nadal, Contador and others have been the butt of doping jokes by a satirical TV program in France, which has drawn much attention and ire from Spanish athletes and the general population.
"The best response is just to ignore them," Spanish prime minister Mariano Rajoy said Tuesday as he honored Nadal, David Ferrer and Spain's Davis Cup-winning team.
The Spanish cycling and tennis federations are suing France's Canal Plus TV for using their logos without approval in the skits.
The satirical skits by Les Guignols came on the heels of former French Open champion Yannick Noah's opinion piece in newspaper Le Monde in November accusing Spanish sport of being rife with doping. Before the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and the International Cycling Union (UCI) took Contador's case to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), the Spanish cycling federation had cleared Contador of doping after he blamed his positive result on contaminated meat.
"I'm more motivated than ever to clean up Spain's image," Nadal, a six-time French Open champion, said in a TV interview Monday and added "Spanish sport is characterized by sacrifice, humility and spirit of overcoming adversity that all athletes have.
"You can't accuse someone of something you have no proof of, even if it's humorous. France is obsessed with us."
Spain has been at the forefront of international ire in the fight against doping since the Operation Puerto investigation was launched in May 2006. That probe implicated at least fifty cyclists, and a number of doctors and cycling team officials were arrested.
But Spanish authorities failed to ban any riders linked to the scandal, even though other countries used evidence gathered in the probe to suspend riders such as Ivan Basso and Jan Ullrich.


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WASHINGTON (AP) — Rep. Charles Rangel is ready to make a last stand to salvage his reputation and tell the House that a censure should be reserved for crooked politicians.
He will argue that he's not one of them.
The 80-year-old Democrat from New York's Harlem neighborhood wants his punishment for ethics violations downgraded to a reprimand, according to congressional and nongovernment sources who are in touch with Rangel but are not authorized to be quoted by name.
Rangel will ask the House ethics committee chairman, Rep. Zoe Lofgren, D-Calif., for time to plead his case on the floor of the House, where he has served for 40 years, including a stint as chairman of the tax-writing House Ways and Means Committee.
The ethics committee voted 9-1 on Nov. 18 that Rangel should be censured for committing 11 counts of fundraising and financial misdeeds that violated House rules.
There is precedent for Rangel's argument that censure — the most severe punishment short of expulsion — is too harsh in his case. It won't be easy because he'll have to overcome the overwhelming vote of a committee that has an equal number of Democrats and Republicans.
Rangel plans to argue that censure has been imposed for violations including bribery, accepting improper gifts, personal use of campaign funds and sexual misconduct; none is present in his case.
The ethics committee, in explaining its recommendation, agreed in a report that the discipline usually is reserved for lawmakers who enrich themselves. In Rangel's case, the committee said, its decision was based on "the cumulative nature of the violations and not any direct personal financial gain."
The committee's chief counsel, Blake Chisam, responding to a question from a committee member, told Rangel's ethics trial that he saw no evidence of corruption.
The House will take up Rangel's discipline in the postelection session that resumes Monday, but no date has been set for decide his punishment.
To the public, a censure and a reprimand appear similar. Both punishments are meted out on the floor of the House and include a vote disapproving a member's conduct.
A censure goes beyond the vote and requires the disciplined member to appear at the front of the chamber — called the "well" — and receive an oral rebuke from the speaker that includes a reading of the resolution.
A reprimand is simply a vote of disapproval. It can be a separate resolution or a vote to adopt the ethics committee's findings. The punished lawmaker is not required to stand in the well.
Rangel was found to have improperly used official resources — congressional letterheads and staff — to raise funds from businesses and foundations for a center named after him at the City College of New York.
Some of the donors, the committee found, were businesses and foundations with issues before the House Ways and Means Committee. The contributions left the impression that the money was to influence legislation, although Rangel was not charged with taking any action on behalf of donors.
He also was found guilty of filing a decade's worth of misleading annual financial disclosure forms that failed to list hundreds of thousands of dollars in assets, and failure to pay taxes for 17 years on his rental unit in the Dominican Republic — an embarrassment for someone who presided over tax legislation.
In addition, the committee told Rangel to pay any taxes he still owed.
The sources said Rangel complied last week, sending the Internal Revenue Service a check for $10,422 and a check for $4,501 to New York state.
Rangel has apologized and admitted his mistakes, although he denied any intent to violate standards of conduct.
Twenty-two House members have been censured while nine have been reprimanded. The last censures were in 1983, when the House disciplined Reps. Gerry E. Studds, a Massachusetts Democrat, and Daniel Crane, an Illinois Republican. Both were cited for sexual misconduct with teenage pages — Studds with a male page, Crane with a female one.
Rep. Joe Wilson, R-S.C., was the last to be reprimanded. He was disciplined in September 2009, in a partisan vote, for shouting "You lie!" at President Barack Obama during a nationally televised speech to Congress.


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Sarah Alexander, age 26
Local-food connoisseur
When Sarah Alexander found out that food travels an average of 1,500 to 2,000 miles to reach Americans' plates, it gave her something to chew on. Wanting to do her part to reduce fossil-fuel consumption, Alexander and six friends created--and completed--the Local Food Challenge. For one year, they ate only items grown or produced within a 250-mile radius of their Minnesota homes.
Q: What was the hardest thing about the challenge? Did you ever cheat?
A: When I traveled, I had to take all my food with me; once, I ran out and had to eat at a Thai restaurant. But most of the year, it was no problem--and fresh, local foods taste delicious.
Q: How did you get through the winter?
A: We preserved a lot of food in advance, so we had canned and frozen fruit to eat year-round. We had tons of grains, soup, and some local meat. I was surprised by how well we ate.
Q: Were there any foods that were impossible to get locally?
A: Throughout history, every culture has had "trade items." Following that model, we listed a few exceptions: salt, oil, wine, coffee, and tea. And chocolate! --interview by Orli Cotel
(Photograph by Ken Frick)
* * *
Want to know more about eating locally? Listen to Orli Cotel's interview with Sarah Alexander on Sierra Club Radio. Meet some "locavores" in the San Francisco Bay Area. Read more about the benefits of local food. Find out what foods are in season now and which ones you can buy near you. And then join people all over the world on a 100-mile diet.


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Featured publications
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One of the most striking developments of the last half-century has been the huge rise in the labour market participation of women. Two out of every three net new jobs created over the last two decades in the EU were taken by women. At the same time, sharply rising employment rates among older workers due to population ageing and policy changes have increased the share of older workers in the labour market. This report examines the impacts of the changing contours of labour supply on the employment structure over the last quarter-century in Europe (1995–2019).
Despite the increasing participation of women in the labour market and a higher share of women than men being hired into well-paid jobs in recent years, a gender pay gap exists across all EU Member States. Pay differentials between women and men have been shown to be significantly influenced by the economic sector where people work and the occupation they hold.
Digital transformation is changing the world of work. This report looks at how social partners – the actors involved in the regulation of employment relationships – are increasingly adopting technological solutions to improve the services that they provide to their members and facilitate collective bargaining processes. Technological tools offer social partners the opportunity to enhance consultation, engage with their members through digitised processes, improve services and increase networking activities, as well as addressing the issue of membership decline.
This report aims to support European businesses in navigating the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus is on workplace practices and features that have helped establishments across the EU to develop operational resilience while keeping employees and customers safe. The report investigates how EU establishments initially reacted to the external shock brought about by the outbreak of the pandemic and how they subsequently adapted their workplaces.
This report analyses and compares the industrial relations landscape in several sectors and activities that form a public service cluster across the 27 EU Member States and the UK – altogether employing over 57 million workers and representing 25% of the total workforce in the economy. It is based on Eurofound's representativeness studies on the central government administration (CGA), education, human health, local and regional government (LRG), and social services sectors.
The advent of AI has far more consequences for how work is organised, performed and valued than any previous technological revolution. In order to make the most of this digital transformation we need inclusive and nuanced policy debates on its employment effects and how to future-proof policies: we need to talk about AI.
We need to study and understand the blow Europe's youth have suffered from the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to adjust recovery and resilience measures to their needs: without prioritising young people in the present, we have little hope for the future.
The rapid rise of the platform economy has led to a marked transformation of European labour markets, and existing regulatory frameworks and voluntary initiatives have yet to catch up. While platform work offers opportunities for workers and employers and potentially contributes to innovation, economic growth and competitiveness in the EU, it has been criticised from the beginning because of the poor employment and working conditions often experienced by workers.
While high-street banks reacted to the COVID-19 pandemic by accelerating the push to digitalisation and cutting jobs, some digital-only banks are recruiting new staff to meet growing demand. An example is the 'disruptor' bank Revolut which has recently announced the creation of 1,000 jobs worldwide, including in several EU Member States.
Following a long recovery from the economic crisis (2007–2013), young people in the EU proved to be more vulnerable to the effects of the restrictions put in place to slow the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Young people were more likely than older groups to experience job loss, financial insecurity and mental health problems. They reported reduced life satisfaction and mental well-being associated with the stay-at-home requirements and school closures.
European Restructuring Monitor
The European Restructuring Monitor (ERM) has reported on the employment impact of large-scale business restructuring since 2002. This publication series include the ERM reports, as well as blogs, articles and working papers on restructuring-related events in the EU27 and Norway.
European Working Conditions Telephone Survey 2021
Eurofound's European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) paints a wide-ranging picture of Europe at work across countries, occupations, sectors and age groups. This series consists of findings from the European Working Conditions Telephone Survey (EWCTS) 2021, an extraordinary edition conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was first carried out in 1990.
Developments in working life, industrial relations and working conditions in the EU
This publication series gathers all overview reports on developments in working life, annual reviews in industrial relations and working conditions produced by Eurofound on the basis of national contributions from the Network of Eurofound Correspondents (NEC). Since 1997, these reports have provided overviews of the latest developments in industrial relations and working conditions across the EU and Norway. The series may include recent ad hoc articles written by members of the NEC.
Eurofound's work on COVID-19 examines the far-reaching socioeconomic implications of the pandemic across Europe as they continue to impact living and working conditions. A key element of the research is the e-survey, launched in April 2020, with five rounds completed at different stages during 2020, 2021 and 2022. This is complemented by the inclusion of research into the ongoing effects of the pandemic in much of Eurofound's other areas of work.
Sectoral social dialogue
Eurofound's representativeness studies are designed to allow the European Commission to identify the 'management and labour' whom it must consult under article 154 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). This series consists of studies of the representativeness of employer and worker organisations in various sectors.
Minimum wages in the EU
This series reports on developments in minimum wage rates across the EU, including how they are set and how they have developed over time in nominal and real terms. The series explores where there are statutory minimum wages or collectively agreed minimum wages in the Member States, as well as minimum wage coverage rates by gender.
European Working Conditions Surveys
The European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) launched in 1990 and is carried out every five years, with the latest edition in 2015. It provides an overview of trends in working conditions and quality of employment for the last 30 years. It covers issues such as employment status, working time duration and organisation, work organisation, learning and training, physical and psychosocial risk factors, health and safety, work–life balance, worker participation, earnings and financial security, work and health, and most recently also the future of work.
Challenges and prospects in the EU
Eurofound's Flagship report series 'Challenges and prospects in the EU' comprise research reports that contain the key results of multiannual research activities and incorporate findings from different related research projects. Flagship reports are the major output of each of Eurofound's strategic areas of intervention and have as their objective to contribute to current policy debates.
European Company Survey 2019
Eurofound's European Company Survey (ECS) maps and analyses company policies and practices which can have an impact on smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, as well as the development of social dialogue in companies. This series consists of outputs from the ECS 2019, the fourth edition of the survey. The survey was first carried out in 2004–2005 as the European Survey on Working Time and Work-Life Balance.
National social partners and policymaking
This series reports on and updates latest information on the involvement of national social partners in policymaking. The series analyses the involvement of national social partners in the implementation of policy reforms within the framework of social dialogue practices, including their involvement in elaborating the National Reform Programmes (NRPs).
Forthcoming publications
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Pólya: How to solve it Preface
George Pólya's most famous book is How to solve it. Before going to the United States he had a draft of the book written in German but it was the English version which he published. Four publishers turned down the chance to publish the book before Princeton University Press agreed to publish. The first edition appeard in 1945 and was a best seller. We reproduce below Pólya's Preface to the first edition written at Stanford University on 1 August 1944.
A great discovery solves a great problem but there is a grain of discovery in the solution of any problem. Your problem may be modest; but if it challenges your curiosity and brings into play your inventive faculties, and if you solve it by your own means, you may experience the tension and enjoy the triumph of discovery. Such experiences at a susceptible age may create a taste for mental work and leave their imprint on mind and character for a lifetime.
Thus, a teacher of mathematics has a great opportunity. lf he fills his allotted time with drilling his students in routine operations he kills their interest, hampers their intellectual development, and misuses his opportunity. But if he challenges the curiosity of his students by setting them problems proportionate to their knowledge, and helps them to solve their problems with stimulating questions, he may give them a taste for, and some means of, independent thinking.
Also a student whose college curriculum includes some mathematics has a singular opportunity. This opportunity is lost, of course, if he regards mathematics as a subject in which he has to earn so and so much credit and which he should forget after the final examination as quickly as possible. The opportunity May be lost even if the student has some natural talent for mathematics because he, as everybody else, must discover his talents and tastes; he cannot know that he likes raspberry pie if he has never tasted raspberry pie. He may manage to find out, however, that a mathematics problem may be as much fun as a crossword puzzle, or that vigorous mental work may be an exercise as desirable as a fast game of tennis. Having tasted the pleasure in mathematics he will not forget it easily and then there is a good chance that mathematics will become something for him: a hobby, or a tool of his profession, or his profession, or a great ambition.
The author remembers the time when he was a student himself, a somewhat ambitious student, eager to understand a little mathematics and physics. He listened to lectures, read books, tried to take in the solutions and facts presented, but there was a question that disturbed him again and again: "Yes, the solution seems to work, it appears to be correct; but how is it possible to invent such a solution? Yes, this experiment seems to work, this appears to be a fact; but how can people discover such facts? And how could I invent or discover such things by myself?" Today the author is teaching mathematics in a university; he thinks or hopes that some of his more eager students ask similar questions and he tries to satisfy their curiosity. Trying to understand not only the solution of this or that problem but also the motives and procedures of the solution, and trying to explain these motives and procedures to others, he was finally led to write the present book. He hopes that it will be useful to teachers who wish to develop their students' ability to solve problems, and to students who are keen on developing their own abilities.
Although the present book pays special attention to the requirements of students and teachers of mathematics, it should interest anybody concerned with the ways and means of invention and discovery. Such interest may be more widespread than one would assume without reflection. The space devoted by popular newspapers and magazines to crossword puzzles and other riddles seems to show that people spend some time in solving unpractical problems. Behind the desire to solve this or that problem that confers no material advantage, there may be a deeper curiosity, a desire to understand the ways and means, the motives and procedures, of solution.
The following pages are written somewhat concisely, but as simply as possible, and are based on a long and serious study of methods of solution. This sort of study, called heuristic by some writers, is not in fashion nowadays but has a long past and, perhaps, some future.
Studying the methods of solving problems, we perceive another face of mathematics. Yes, mathematics has two faces; it is the rigorous science of Euclid but it is also something else. Mathematics presented in the Euclidean way appears as a systematic, deductive science; but mathematics in the making appears as an experimental, inductive science. Both aspects are as old as the science of mathematics itself. But the second aspect is new in one respect; mathematics "in statu nascendi," in the process of being invented, has never before been presented in quite this manner to the student, or to the teacher himself, or to the general public.
The subject of heuristic has manifold connections; mathematicians, logicians, psychologists, educationalists, even philosophers may claim various parts of it as belonging to their special domains. The author, well aware of the possibility of criticism from opposite quarters and keenly conscious of his limitations, has one claim to make: he has some experience in solving problems and in teaching mathematics on various levels.
The subject is more fully dealt with in a more extensive book by the author which is on the way to completion.
Stanford University, August 1, 1944
Last Updated March 2006


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Cooking at the Academy (1991)
Sub-Genres - Cooking & Food | Run Time - 30 min. | Countries - United States |
Share on
Synopsis by Madeline Cavalieri
San Francisco has become a culinary epicenter; year-round fresh seafood and produce has fueled the creative minds of chefs who come from a wide variety of culinary backgrounds and regions. From San Francisco's prestigious California Culinary Academy comes this thorough video collection that allows viewers all over the country to tap into the city's fresh flavors. The episodes are taught by Academy alumni and instructors.
cooking, recipe, Parisian, chef, demonstration [display], academy


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Kings of the Court
(AP) – Luke Hancock made all five of his 3-pointers and led Louisville to its first NCAA men's basketball championship since 1986 with a 82-76 victory over Michigan on Monday night.
Coach Rick Pitino added this title to the one he won at Kentucky in 1996 and is the first coach to win a championship at two schools. Earlier in the day, Pitino was elected to the Naismith Memorial Hall of Fame.
Hancock scored 22 points and Peyton Siva had 18 for the Cardinals (35-5), who trailed by 12 late in the first half.
Trey Burke had 24 points for Michigan (31-8), which was in the final for the first time since the Fab Five led the Wolverines there in 1993. Little-used freshman Spike Albrecht added 17 points.


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Flying atoms?
News story originally written on June 4, 1999
Scientists have found where cosmic rays come from! The rays are made of atoms. These atoms are flying through space at speeds close to the speed of light. Until now, scientists didn't know where they came from.
Using the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), NASA found that the atoms have to be part of gas and dust in space. They once thought that the atoms came from a supernova, which is an exploding star. Instead, they found the atoms are just floating around! The energy from the supernova helps the atoms reach the speed of light.


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|The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Washington, DC
Usually, here at FreeGenealogyTools, we're highlighting digital resources you can access for free.
Today, we (and I'm using the royal we...it's really just me) are turning the tables a bit. The Know Your Records (KYR) program at the National Archives is asking for some free help from you.
KYR is a pretty cool program of seminars, newsletters and other outreach activities designed to introduce history researchers to the amazing collections at the National Archives. Most of KYR's activities have only been available in the Washington DC area. Now, KYR wants to put some of its videos online. Their genealogy lectures -- they've hosted hundreds over the years -- have covered topics like:
- Access to Archival Databases (AAD) for Genealogists
- Passport Applications, 1795–1925
- Alien Files (A-Files) for Genealogy Research
- The Freedman's Savings and Trust Company: A Gold Mine for Black and White Genealogists
- World War II Finding Aid
- Documenting Death in the Civil War
Anyway, KYR wants your vote! Let NARA know which presentations you'd most like to see posted online at YouTube and iTunes U. Your votes will determine what new videos get posted...but you don't have to wait to get the flavor of what's available. A few KYR videos are already online at YouTube:
- Genealogy Introduction: Military Research at the National Archives: Volunteer Service
- Military Research at the National Archives: Regular Service
- Military Research at the National Archives: Pension Records
- Immigration Records at the National Archives
- Census Records at the National Archives
Have fun.
Don't forget to also check for your family history at Ancestry.com and NewspaperArchive. These are subscription databases, but they are among the most powerful research tools available for looking into family roots.