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PSYC-1300-73 - Learning Framework
Lamar State College - Port Arthur
House Bill 2504
Summer I 2015 Course Syllabus
PSYC-1300-73 - Learning Framework
|Faculty Information
|Summer I 2015
|Clark, Jamie L.
|(409) 984-6317
|Be sure to check your campus E-mail and Course Homepage using MyLamarPA campus web portal (My.LamarPA.edu). When you've logged in, click the email icon in the upper right-hand corner to check email, or click on the "My Courses" tab to get to your Course Homepage. Click the link to your course and review the information presented. It is important that you check your email and Course Homepage regularly. You can also access your grades, transcripts, and determine who your academic advisor is by using MyLamarPA.
|Course Information
|Course Number
|Course Description
|Study of the 1) research and theory in the psychology of learning, cognition and motivation; 2) factors that impact learning; and 3) application of learning strategies. Students use assessment instruments (learning inventories) to identify their strengths and weaknesses as learners. Develops skills and techniques necessary for success in college including memory development, note-taking, test preparation, study skills and time management. Assists the student in making adequate social and personal adjustments to college life, developing educational and career goals, and becoming familiar with institutional curricula and policies. Includes techniques for time management, note taking, and preparing for exams. Stresses the importance of creativity, health, relationships and the effective use of resources in achieving college success. All students who have passed fewer than 60 semester hours and finished the immediate two long semesters on scholastic probation are required to enroll in and pass the course. Recommended for all students desiring to improve their opportunities for success in college. A passing grade must be earned to meet the institutional requirement. May count for elective credit in selected degree and certificate programs. Students who fail a developmental course must take either EDUC 1300 or PSYC 1300.
|Course Prerequisites
|Required Textbooks
|Keys to Effective Learning, 6th edition. Carol Carter, Joyce Bishop, and Sarah Kravits, Pearson.
|Attendance Policy
|Research has shown a cause and effect relationship between attendance and college success. More than 4 unexcused absences will result in a grade of "F", regardless of the student's performance in class to that time. Excused absences include hospitalization of you or an immediate family member, participation in a college event, or a religious holy day. Prior notification to me for pending absences due to college events or religious holy days is required. Documentation of hospitalization is required. LATE WORK IS UNACCEPTABLE.
|Course Grading Scale
|90 - 100 = A 80 - 89 = B 70 - 79 = C 60 - 69 = D Below 59 = F
|Determination of Final Grade
The final grade is the average of two grades.
One grade is the total of points based on assignments, essay worksheets, and quizzes. Assignments from the textbook are one point each. The Diversity Assignment is worth 20 points. Essay worksheets are one point each. Quizzes range from 10 to 30 points each. LATE WORK IS UNACCEPTABLE.
The other grade is the exam average which consists of three exams, one final exam, and one essay.
With the prior approval of your instructor, you may also earn extra credit for campus events.
|Final Exam Date
|July 20, 2015 - 8:00 AM
|Major Assignments
Week 1: Course introduction, syllabus review, pre-course essay, pre- course assessment, syllabus quiz
Library Tour & Chapter 1 Habits for Success
Chapter 2 Learning Styles
Week 2: Chapter 3 Time and Money
Chapter 4 Setting and Reaching Goals
Week 3: Chapter 5 Critical and Creative Thinking
Chapter 6 Memory
Week 4: Chapter 7 Reading and Studying
Chapter 8 Reading Across the Disciplines
Week 5: Chapter 9 Active Listening and Note Taking
Chapter 10 Test Taking I
Chapter 11 Test Taking II
Week 6: Diversity Project
Week 7: Critical Thinking Essay
Week 8: Chapter 12 Moving Toward Success and Final Exam
|Calendar of Lecture Topics and Major Assignment Due Dates
Week 1
MONDAY 6/1 Course Introduction and syllabus review, pre-course assessment
Complete the Library Tour
Read Chapter 1 Habits for Success
Read Chapter 2 Learning Styles and complete Multiple Pathways to Learning as well as Personality Spectrum
Syllabus Quiz and Library Quiz due
Chapter 1 Habits for Success, Take Action, Building Skill, Critical Thinking Assignments due
Chapter 1 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 1 Quiz due
Chapter 2 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Assignments are due
Chapter 2 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 2 Quiz due
Week 2
MONDAY 6/8 Read Chapter 3 Time and Money
Read Chapter 4 Setting and Reaching Goals
Chapter 3 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Assignments are due
Chapter 3 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 3 Quiz due
Chapter 4 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Assignments are due
Chapter 4 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 4 Quiz due
Week 3
MONDAY 6/15 EXAM 1 (Chapters 1-4)
Read Chapter 5 Critical and Creative Thinking
Read Chapter 6 Memory
Chapter 5 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Assignments due
Logic of an Article Assignment is due
Chapter 5 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 5 Quiz due
Chapter 6 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Assignments are due
Chapter 6 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 6 Quiz due
Week 4
Read Chapter 7 Reading and Studying
Read Chapter 8 Reading Across Disciplines
Chapter 7 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Assignments are due
Chapter 7 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 7 Quiz due
Chapter 8 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Assignments are due
GPA Assignment due
Chapter 8 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 8 Quiz due
Week 5
MONDAY 6/29 EXAM 2 ( Chapters 5-8)
Read Chapter 9 Active Listening and Note Taking
Read Chapter 10 Test Taking I
Read Chapter 11 Test Taking II
Chapter 9 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Assignments are due
Chapter 9 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 9 Quiz due
Chapter 10 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Assignments are due
Chapter 10 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 10 Quiz due
Chapter 11 Take Action, Building Skills, Critical Thinking Exercises are due
Chapter 11 Essay Worksheet due and Chapter 11 Quiz due
Week 6
MONDAY 7/6 EXAM 3 (Chapters 9-11)
Diversity Project
SUNDAY 7/12 Diversity Project due
Week 7
MONDAY 7/13 Critical Thinking Essay
SUNDAY 7/19 Critical Thinking Essay is due
Week 8
MONDAY 7/20 Read Chapter 12 Moving Toward Success
FRIDAY 7/24 Exercises on pages 337-347 are due
|General Education/Core Curriculum Student Learning Outcomes
|Program Student Learning Outcomes
PSLO ALPHA: Reading Skills - Demonstrates comprehension of content-area reading material.
PSLO 1: Critical Thinking Skills - Uses creative thinking, innovation, inquiry and analysis, evaluation and synthesis of information.
PSLO 2: Communication Skills - Demonstrates effective development, interpretation and expression of ideas through written, oral and/or visual communication.
PSLO 3: Empirical and Quantitative Skills - Applies the manipulation and/or analysis of numerical data or observable facts resulting in informed conclusions.
PSLO 5: Social Responsibility Skills - Expresses intercultural competence, knowledge of civic responsibility, and the ability to engage effectively in regional, national, and global communities
|Course Student Learning Outcomes
1. Demonstrate the ability to analyze and interpret assigned reading materials and written instructions from both the textbook and instructor measured by pretest, posttest, written class exercises, and essay rubric. (PSLO ALPHA, PSLSO 1, PSLO 2)
2. Demonstrate the ability to produce clear, correct, and coherent prose adapted to purpose, occasion, and audience measured by pretest, posttest, written class exercises, and essay rubric. (PSLO ALPHA, PSLO 1, PSLO 2, PSLO 5)
3. Demonstrate the ability to communicate orally in clear, coherent, and persuasive language appropriate to purpose, occasion, and audience measured by class exercises. (PSLO 2)
4. Demonstrate the ability to analyze and interpret forms of spoken language measured by pretest, posttest, written class exercises,and essay rubric. (PSLO 1, PSLO 2)
5. Identify and demonstrate the ability to apply standards and elements of critical thinking measured by pretest, posttest, written class exercises, and essay rubric. (PSLO ALPHA, PSLO 1, PSLO 2, PSLO 5)
6. Demonstrate the ability to use computer-based technology in communicating, solving problems, and acquiring information measured by written class exercises, and essay rubric. (PSLO 2)
7. Demonstrate awareness of cultural differences and similarities measured by written class exercises and rubric. (PSLO 2, PSLO 5)
8. Demonstrate the ability to identify, use, and apply mathematical and scientific principles measured by written class exercises. (PSLO 3)
|Academic Honesty
|Academic honesty is expected from all students, and dishonesty in any form will not be tolerated. Please consult the LSC-PA policies (Section IX, subsection A, in the Faculty Handbook) for consequences of academic dishonesty.
|Facility Policies
|Additional Information
Psychology 1300 Assignment, and Essay Guidelines
You will be required to complete chapter assignments that will include Take Action, Building Skills, and Critical Thinking exercises located in your textbook. These textbook assignments must be turned in at the beginning of each class. In addition to these exercises, I will provide several assignments from outside resources that you will be required to complete. You must complete your assignments from outside resources and submit these to me at the end of each class.
Essay Worksheet
The essay worksheet must be completed at the end of each chapter. You will use this worksheet to detail your thoughts on how you will apply or will apply the techniques and the course concepts. Select the study skill presented in the chapter and answer the questions, Why, What, How, and What If. These worksheets must be submitted to me after a chapter is covered.
Critical Thinking Essay
As a final course project, you will be required to write a Critical Thinking Essay. The essay should include a summary of course strategies and techniques that you found to be most beneficial to you by using the Essay Worksheet question format, Why, What, How, and What If. The worksheets are tools you should use to build the foundation for writing your Critical Thinking Essay. Your essay should describe how you apply or plan to apply the strategies to your academic, work place, or personal environment.
Your essay should contain:
1. Introductory paragraph – this paragraph should be short listing at least three skills you found most helpful. Example: "I learned many helpful things in Learning Frameworks, but the three skills that were most helpful to me were Time Management, Reading, and Note Taking."
The next four paragraphs should be supporting paragraphs that will focus on the following questions:
2. Question Why paragraph will answer why you feel these three skills are important to you. Discuss past problems (issues) you've encountered with each of these three skills and any questions you asked yourself as you addressed the three skills.
3. Question What paragraph will describe what important facts you learned about the three skills. You should use the three concepts you listed on previous Essay Worksheet to answer the What question. This question may require several sentences to detail in length the three concepts with examples and personal references.
4. Question How paragraph will list specific examples of how you plan to use what you have learned about each of your three skills. This paragraph should be very personal and specifically detail how you will use or plan to use the techniques.
5. Question What If paragraph will show how you will apply the three skills outside of the classroom. Discuss specific ways you plan to do things differently now because of what you learned about each of the three skills.
The last paragraph will be the conclusion that will tie all your thoughts together showing how a combination of these skills impact or will impact your life. Be sure to tie the contents of this paragraph to the three skills in the introductory paragraph.
6. Conclusion paragraph will summarize all five paragraphs and neatly tie together all the ways you use or plan to use what you have learned in Learning Frameworks.
The essay must be typed in 12 point font, double spaced, and a minimum of three pages in length.
|Important Information
|ADA Considerations
|The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a federal anti-discrimination statute that provides comprehensive civil rights for persons with disabilities. Among other things, this legislation requires that all students with disabilities be guaranteed a learning environment that provides for reasonable accommodation of their disabilities. If you believe you have a disability requiring an accommodation, please contact the Special Populations Coordinator, Room 231, in the Madison Monroe Building. The phone number is (409) 984-6241.
|Copyright Violations
Some material in this course may be copyrighted. They may be used only for instructional purposes this semester,
by students enrolled in this course. These materials are being used fairly and legally.
No one may distribute or share these copyrighted materials in any medium or format with anyone outside this class,
including publishing essays with copyrighted material, uploading copyrighted material to Facebook or YouTube, or
painting or performing copyrighted material for public display.
Copyright violation is not the same thing as plagiarism. Plagiarism is intellectual dishonesty. Offenses of plagiarism result in lower grades or failing scores, and professors and the college strictly enforce plagiarism rules. There is never any acceptable use of plagiarism. Copyright violation is a legal offense, punishable by large fines and penalties.
Copyrighted material can be used if permission from the material's creator is obtained, or if its use meets the standards of fair use in an educational setting. For example, a student can quote a line from Shakespeare's Hamlet in a report without violating copyright but still be guilty of plagiarism if the quotation is not properly documented.
If you are in doubt about what material can be freely used, ask your professor or contact the Dean of Library Services, at (409) 984-6216.
|Assessment Statement
Assessment is a process by which LSCPA can help you learn better and gauge the level of progress you have made to
attain knowledge, skills, beliefs, and values. It also helps your professors understand how to improve teaching
and testing methods in your classes, and it helps each department understand and improve degree and certificate
Periodically LSC-PA will collect assessment data for research and reporting purposes, including statistical data and sometimes copies of your work. Be assured that all material the college uses for assessment purposes will be kept confidential. To ensure anonymity, your name will be removed from any material we use for assessment purposes, including video-recorded performances, speeches, and projects.
If you object to allowing LSC-PA to use your material for assessment purposes, submit a letter stating so to your professor by the 12th class day. You will still be required to participate in whatever assessments are being done; we just won't use your data.
What's the difference between assessment and grades? The grades you get on papers, projects, speeches, and assignments are specific types of focused assessment. LSC-PA's assessment efforts include class grades, surveys, standardized tests, and other tools.
|Privacy Notice
Federal privacy laws apply to college students. This means that college employees, including instructors, cannot
divulge information to third parties, including parents and legal guardians of students. Even if the students are
minors, information about their college work cannot be shared with anyone except in very limited circumstances.
Anyone requesting information about a student should be referred to the Registrar. Instructors will be notified in writing by that Office about what information may be released and to whom.
Please remember that releasing private information about a student, however innocuous it may seem, can be a violation of federal law, with very serious consequences.
Circumstances under which information may be released:
An adult student may submit, to the Registrar, a handwritten, signed note granting permission for release of
information. The note must specify what information may be divulged, and it must specify the name of the person
to whom the information may be given.
The Registrar's office is located in the Student Center room 303B, and can be reached at (409) 984-6165.
|College-Level Perspectives
This course helps add to the students' overall collegiate experience in the following ways:
|Degree Plan Evaluation
A Degree Plan Evaluation will help you determine which classes you need to complete your program.
All of the classes that you have taken that apply to your declared major will be listed on the right. If you have a class that still needs to be completed, a "NO" will be listed on the right next to the required class.
|This syllabus is part of LSC-PA's efforts to comply with Texas House Bill 2504.
Copyright ©2011 Lamar State College - Port Arthur. All Rights Reserved.


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KABUL (REUTERS) - US forces in Afghanistan have accidentally shot dead a four year old boy, Afghan officials said on Friday, the latest violence to strain ties between the uneasy allies.
The Afghan-US relationship has been damaged by President Hamid Karzai's refusal to sign a bilateral security deal that would pave the way for a US military presence after the withdrawal of most foreign troops this year.
The United States has said its troops cannot remain without a deal. Their complete departure of US troops would leave Afghan security forces on their own to battle the Taleban.
President Karzai is demanding that the United States end all unilateral military operations on Afghan territory - among other things - before the pact is signed, because they cause avoidable civilian deaths.
"We have called... for an absolute end to ISAF/Nato military operations on homes and villages in order to avoid such killings where innocent children or civilians are the victims," the president's spokesman, Mr Aimal Faizi, said when commenting on the death of the boy.
The International Security Assistance force (ISAF) is Afghanistan's Nato-led force. It is dominated by US troops.
A spokesman for the governor of the southern province of Helmand told Reuters that US Marines based in the violence-plagued province mistakenly shot the boy on Wednesday because visibility was poor.
"As the weather was dusty, the Marine forces based there thought he was an enemy and opened fire. As result of mistaken fire, he was killed," the spokesman, Mr Omar Zwak, said by telephone.
A spokesman for the Nato-led force said the matter would be investigated and all possible measures were taken to avoid civilian casualties.
Separately, two US service members and a civilian were killed in an aircraft crash in eastern Afghanistan on Friday, the Nato-led force said.
"At this time, there are no indications of enemy involvement in the cause of the aircraft mishap," the force said.

subset: commoncrawl


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Hello, I second this proposal. cu andreas On 2004-05-02 Manoj Srivastava <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote: [...] > I hereby propose that we amend the constitution to add to the > list of foundation documents the document attached in this proposal, > titled "Transition Guide". The context diff follows. > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- >
 >
A Foundation Document is a document or statement regarded as > critical to the Project's mission and purposes.
 >
The Foundation Documents are the works entitled <q>Debian > - Social Contract</q> and <q>Debian Free Software Guidelines</q>.
 > + Social Contract</q>, <q>Transition Guide</q> and > + <q>Debian Free Software Guidelines</q>.
 >
A Foundation Document requires a 3:1 majority for its > supersession. New Foundation Documents are issued and > existing ones withdrawn by amending the list of Foundation > Documents in this constitution.
 >
 > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > It is further resolved that the final paragraph of the "Transition > Guide" with specific references to the forthcoming release (code named > "Sarge") shall be removed from the "Transition Guide" upon the next > full release of Debian after Debian 3.1 (code named "Sarge"), without > further cause for deliberation. > > It is resolved that the full text of the proposed foundation document > be the following: > > Content-Description: Transition Guide > Transition Guide > > A working guide to achieve the transition for changes in Foundation > documents with specific remedies for the change in the social contract > made by GR 2004_003 containing explanations and Rationale, and defining > guidelines for future transitions > > In General Resolution 2004_003, the wording of the Social Contract was > modified. The Social Contract represents the core commitments of the > Project. The Social Contract leaves its marks in many ways, it's deeply > intertwined with the all parts of the Project. Any change to the Social > Contract has major ramifications, and may require a period of > potentially deep changes to the roots of the Project before it can come > into compliance with the changed Contract. > > Meeting our commitments as described in the Social Contact is an ongoing > process. Since we have recently changed these commitments, we need an > interval of time before we can approach compliance. Unless we shut down > the Project completely - abandoning users and our developers - the > regular activities of the Project must continue while we work towards > compliance. > > There is precedent for a gap between ratifying a change to the > foundation documents of the Project and implementing dictates of that > document; when the Project first accepted the Social Contract and the > Debian Free Software Guidelines, there was an interval before we came > into compliance with those then-new documents. Indeed, there was the > release of a minor version just days after the Debian Free Software > Guidelines were accepted, and this release by no means complied with the > new commitments. > > We also continued to support older non-complying releases, and did not > make them unavailable to our users. > > The binding principle here is that we have to balance the needs of our > users and the need to make Debian strictly free. As seen on the mailing lists: > > > In my opinion, the needs of the free software community take > precedence in the context of adopting new packages, in the setting > of release goals, in our choices about infrastructure and > philosophy, and of course in the context of any development work we > do. > > In my opinion, the needs of our users take precedence in the context > of security fixes, in the context of support for packages and > systems we've released, and in the context of the quality of our > work. > > > With this document, we, the Debian Project, do so affirm this. We affirm > that while we are working towards complying with a change in the goals > or identity of the Project, or towards compliance with any change to a > foundation document, the needs of our users will be catered to. This may > mean that for a limited time, Debian will not be compliant with the new > Social Contract. > > We affirm that whenever a change to the Social Contract, or the > Constitution, takes place, the activities required to provide ongoing > and proactive support for the Debian user community shall > continue. This includes, but is not necessarily limited to, providing > security updates for previously-released versions of Debian, providing > point-release updates to previously-released versions of Debian, > preparing for the next (compliant) release of Debian, actually > releasing the current non-compliant version of Debian if such a > release is imminent (as well as any further updates to that version of > Debian), as well as providing all the Project's infrastructure such as > bug-tracking and mailing lists. > > In the specific case of General Resolution 2004_003, since that release > currently in preparation, code named "Sarge", is very close to release, > and the previously released version is quite out of date, our commitment > to our users dictates that the "Sarge" release should go on as planned - > even while we are in the process of reaching compliance with the new > Social Contract. This exemption for "Sarge" applies to security releases > and point releases as well. > > > > Rationale > > My intent was not just to find a way for us to allow to release Sarge, > it was to create a guideline to help ease us through major changes in > something like the Social contract, or the constitution. The fact that > a generic transition guide may help us also release Sarge soon is a > nice side effect. > > It has been suggested that transitioning ought to be handled in the > original proposal itself, and yes, that is a good idea. But foresight > is weak, compared to 8/20 hind sight, and there may be unforeseen > consequences of a proposed change that were not evident while drafting > the proposal. > > Nothing is perfect. I would much rather we also had a process defined > to pick up the pieces if the before-the-fact transition plan blew up > in our face; this is way better than relying on perfect foresight in > transition plans. > > The other issue addressed in the proposal is one of choosing between > two different requirements of the social contract; and how to balance > these different requirements when some of these requirements are > changed. > ====================================================================== > > I would appreciate it if the people who seconded the original > proposal also second the modifications made in adding the sunset > clause, and the typographical changes wrought. > > manoj > -- > * SynrG notes that the number of configuration questions to answer in > sendmail is NON-TRIVIAL Seen on #Debian > Manoj Srivastava <email@example.com> <http://www.debian.org/%7Esrivasta/> > 1024R/C7261095 print CB D9 F4 12 68 07 E4 05 CC 2D 27 12 1D F5 E8 6E > 1024D/BF24424C print 4966 F272 D093 B493 410B 924B 21BA DABB BF24 424C -- "See, I told you they'd listen to Reason," [SPOILER] Svfurlr fnlf, fuhggvat qbja gur juveyvat tha. Neal Stephenson in "Snow Crash"
Description: Digital signature


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Next Launch to Include Demonstration Payload for New Third Civil Signal
DENVER, April 7th, 2008 -- A combined U.S. Air Force/Lockheed Martin [NYSE: LMT] team has completed a rapid on-orbit deployment of the modernized Global Positioning System Block IIR (GPS IIR-M) satellite launched on March 15 from Cape Canaveral. The spacecraft, which includes new features that enhance operations and navigation signal performance, has been declared operational for military and civilian navigation users worldwide.
Lockheed Martin's operations team assisted Air Force Space Command's 2nd Space Operations Squadron (2 SOPS) and its Reserve associate unit 19 SOPS based at Schriever Air Force Base, Colo., with the launch and early orbit maneuvers. The record on-orbit deployment and checkout of all spacecraft systems and subsequent payload initialization was completed in just over nine days, allowing 2SOPS to set the spacecraft healthy for users around the globe.
The satellite declared operational represents the third successful deployment of a GPS IIR-M satellite in less than six months and is one of the final three Block IIR-M satellites planned for launch in 2008 to sustain and improve the GPS constellation. The next GPS mission will feature a IIR-M spacecraft with a demonstration payload that will temporarily transmit the new third civil signal, known as L5. The launch, designated GPS IIR-20M is scheduled for June 30, from Cape Canaveral.
"The successful launch and operational turnover of this modernized IIR satellite is a profound testament to the close collaboration and partnership between the Lockheed Martin and Air Force team," said Don DeGryse, Lockheed Martin's vice president of Navigation Systems. "We take great pride in providing world class, high-performance GPS spacecraft at rapid cycle times and look forward to achieving mission success on the next modernized spacecraft launch which will feature a demonstration payload for the new civil signal."
The satellite, designated GPS IIR-19M, is the sixth in a line of eight GPS IIR satellites that Lockheed Martin Navigation Systems, Valley Forge, Pa. has modernized for its customer, the Global Positioning Systems Wing, Space and Missile Systems Center, Los Angeles Air Force Base, Calif.
Each IIR-M satellite includes a modernized antenna panel that provides increased signal power to receivers on the ground, two new military signals for improved accuracy, enhanced encryption and anti-jamming capabilities for the military, and a second civil signal that will provide users with an open access signal on a different frequency.
The Global Positioning System enables properly equipped users to determine precise time and velocity and worldwide latitude, longitude and altitude to within a few meters. Air Force Space Command's 2nd Space Operations Squadron (2 SOPS) manages and operates the GPS constellation for both civil and military users.
Lockheed Martin is also leading a team which includes ITT and General Dynamics in the competition to build the U.S. Air Force's next-generation Global Positioning System, GPS Block III. The next-generation program will improve position, navigation, and timing services for the warfighter and civil users worldwide and provide advanced anti-jam capabilities yielding improved system security, accuracy and reliability.
A multi-billion dollar development contract is scheduled to be awarded by the Global Positioning Systems Wing, Space and Missile Systems Center, Los Angeles Air Force Base, Calif. in early 2008.
Headquartered in Bethesda, Md., Lockheed Martin employs about 140,000 people worldwide and is principally engaged in the research, design, development, manufacture, integration and sustainment of advanced technology systems, products and services. The Corporation reported 2007 sales of $41.9 billion.
NOTE TO EDITORS: Low- and high-resolution JPEG image files of a GPS IIR-M satellite are available at:
Media Contact: Steve Tatum, 408-742-7531; e-mail, firstname.lastname@example.com
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That huge backlog of aircraft being recorded by the global giants Boeing and Airbus, along with a lengthening list of regional aircraft, is stretching the supply chain's capabilities to machine the newest difficult-to-machine materials. Components must rotate faster, run hotter, and burn cleaner for new jet engine designs that are claimed to be 20% more fuel-efficient. Engines and designs that are structurally lighter are being developed, using advanced materials that challenge existing manufacturing processes. And demand for commercial aircraft isn't going away any time soon. The two-billion people flying today are expected to swell to six billion by 2025, with freight hauling capacity expanding just as dramatically.
To meet the expected demand, machine tool builders are busy marshaling their resources of machine technology, customer-based experience, and process data to stake out their claims for manufacturing everything from jet engine components, airframes, structural components, to landing gear, manufactured from advanced materials.
Okuma America Corp. (Charlotte, NC) has formalized its global approach to aerospace machining to position itself to deal with the onslaught of applications and business growing out of the aircraft backlog of orders. "We've created a team of people from our three top markets—US, Europe, and Japan—who are sharing data, case history experience, to find the sweet spots in Okuma's aerospace technology," said Bob Baldizzi, principal engineer. "Our goal is to customize our machines using our single-source technologies for machining jet engine rotating components, disks, blisks, and hubs," said Baldizzi.
"When you think of a hub or a disk on the hot side of an engine with slots that have to be milled in the periphery of these disks, it's absolutely critical that the machines perform with utmost accuracy," said Baldizzi. "Because we have our own control, we can get data out of the actual cutting dynamics quite effortlessly. We've had customers ask us for monitoring capability that coolant flow sensors, coolant temperature sensors, and vibration analysis sensors can provide. We can package these data-gathering points together and create part tracking using a bar code and a part's serial number including inspection information for complete traceability."
Okuma's aerospace machine models include the Multus B750, multifunction machine with center distances up to 6 m for turning as well as machining. For blade milling, one of the Multus platforms has been modified to do five-axis machining for profiling jet engine blades. Okuma's horizontal machines can be optioned with Turn-Cut functionality to bore tapers using standard off-the-shelf tooling. "Aircraft guys especially like that capability for doing multiple bores on hydraulic actuation systems without changing tools," said Baldizzi.
Processes vying for aircraft engine machining in addition to advanced five-axis machining center technology and multitasking machines include recent developments in advanced laser processing, electrical discharge machining (EDM) and high-precision electro-chemical machining (ECM), especially for small hole drilling in turbine blades.
At its new plant in Auburn, AL, GE Aviation is using high-power lasers to drill tiny cooling holes in jet engine blades made from heat-resistant superalloys that operate inside the high-pressure turbine. "This is one of the most critical and sophisticated components in our jet engines," said David Joyce, GE Aviation CEO. "They are perfectly shaped aerodynamically with laser-drilled cooling holes because they operate at extraordinary temperatures. We consider them a work of art."
GE has invested $75 million in the new plant where laser tools are being developed that can not only drill, but also weld and print. The GRC lab has one of the most powerful lasers in North America at 20 kW. The researchers mounted the laser on a robot and use it to melt metal and develop new welding methods that are more efficient. The scientists tap the laser's high-energy density to penetrate deep and fast into metal parts.
Electro-chemical machining (ECM) is most commonly associated with deburring applications, especially in injection molding technology. Specially designed ECM tools are used to remove material only at strictly localized areas to remove burrs for the creation of radii or to create annular grooves, cavities and other geometries. EMAG LLC (Farmington Hills, MI) has introduced an advanced Precise Electro-Chemical Machining (PECM) process that is capable of rough-and-finish machining of both single blades and blisks with the precision that is required for jet engine applications.
The rough-machining process is a pre-contouring operation with open tolerances and feed rates of 2-4 mm/min, while leaving enough material (approximately 0.2 mm) for the subsequent finishing process. The rough-machining operation can be carried out using a variety of tooling strategies optimized to the relevant geometry. Where the single blade may be machined with a double-sided, synchronized operation, the pre-machining of blisk geometries is best done along the blade's axis, for example.
The ECM process has the advantage that tool geometry and suitable scaling of the power supply allow large blades and blisks to be machined at the same feed rates and at the same cycle times as smaller single blades. EMAG's ECM/PECM technology covers a power range of up to 20,000 A DC and a pulse rate of 30,000 A. The PO 900 BF machine can accommodate workpieces of 900-mm maximum diameter and single blades up to 250-mm tall. These machines can also be equipped with hydraulic zero-point clamping systems, variable oscillators and automatic toolchangers.
Makino's G series grinders are well suited to grinding blades, vanes, and mostly inner components of a jet engine, particularly in the hot section. "We've had a lot of focus around the Viper grinding process in our G series machines for processing newer materials like titanium aluminides," said Billy Grobe, aero engine technology manager, Makino Inc. (Mason, OH). "These particular machines can do grinding and milling, and anything that you can do on a machining center. They give us an adaptable machine platform that has the capability of being able to machine a blade or vane components complete in as little as two clampings, eliminating the stack up error that results from moving workpieces from machine to machine," said Grobe.
At IMTS, Makino introduced its EDBV3 Fast Hole Drill EDM, a water-based five-axis machine that is designed for EDMing cooling air holes and shaped diffuser holes in blade and vane segments. All EDM drilling on the EDBV3 is performed fully submerged under water for higher part quality, improved stability and up to 10 times faster processing speeds than conventional technologies. To further improve productivity, the EDBV3 uses a single-electrode processing approach, which avoids the high cost of custom multi-electrode holders and standardizes the toolholders with a more flexible and cost-efficient system. For untended burning of varying cooling hole diameters, the EDBV3 features automatic tool change (ATC) and automatic guide change (AGC) systems. A patented electrode set that combines the electrode holder and die guide together into a common assembly provides enhanced reliability with simple and precise automated exchanges. Together, these features enable 30-second ATC and AGC exchanges.
"Both the GE LEAP and the Pratt Whitney Gear Fan jet engines are designed to have about a 20% better fuel efficiency burn," said Scott Walker, president, Mitsui Seiki USA (Franklin Lakes, NJ). "Pratt & Whitney's strategy is to use planetary gears to drive the fan. This allows running the engine hotter and faster, creating more power. But the materials required are almost impossible to machine. Some of the hot stage blades are upwards 28–30% nickel content making them extremely hard so you have to grind them," said Walker.
Mitsui Seiki builds both machines to produce integrally bladed rotors (IBR) and single blades and is developing milling and grinding strategies to be used to produce Ti-Aluminides. Machine models include the Vertex style machines for blade and blisk machining and 800-mm and 1-m trunnion-style machines for machining engine shrouds and casings, which are made from thin-walled Inconel with a lot of holes and angles that require five-axis machining.
The LEAP has some challenging materials like GE's Titanium Aluminide. Ti Aluminide is an intermetallic compound (gamma titanium alloy) that features strong interatomic ties that makes it resemble ceramics. It's relative brittleness can be countered by the addition of elements like niobium and chromium and while it has half the density of more typical nickel alloys it is able to withstand heat up to 800° C. "The strategies for machining these materials still have to be worked out, especially with the volumes that will be required," said Mitsui Seiki's Walker.
"One strategy is to make jet engines like car engines, using fully automated lines. They don't want to make them faster or quicker, they want to make them consistently good and reliable so they can plan down the production line how many engines a month they're going to produce. As a result, you're going to see a transition from stand-alone machines to typical automotive-type processes, which means that the machines have to be available to accept robotics and gantry cranes for loading/unloading, measuring, and doing all the processes with as few people as possible," said Walker.
Parpas America Corp. (Bloomfield Hills, MI) has engineered thermal stability control into its XS overhead gantry five-axis bridge mills and OMV/Formula horizontal boring mills for controlling machining accuracy at the tool tip. In effect, all the machine structures that can affect accuracy are enclosed and provided with engineered heated and cooled conditioned air and coolant. The XS bridge mill can have X-axis travels of 22 m or more for machining lay-up molds and tools that are used to fabricate extremely large composite parts for the outer skins of aircraft like the Airbus A350 and Boeing 787.
Another machine that uses a similar method of thermal constancy is the Parpas OMV/Formula.
Two Formula machines have been in service at Lockheed Martin Fort Worth for a turnkey solution milling the F-35 fighter jet center section fuselage. That project employed both the thermal management system mentioned above for the XS, in addition to an automated cell with temp control and air filtering.
"The XS machine is an overhead gantry machine that has the ability to encapsulate the entire machine without putting it into a controlled environment, including column sides, the bridge which is the cross rail, the ram and ram saddle with the exception of the guideways of the ram [the vertical axis]," said Tom Hagey, operations manager. "The ram protrudes down to the table of the machine with the head. Boxways that are hardened and ground and exposed in ambient temperatures are gundrilled out and refrigerated coolant is passed through," said Hagey.
"AIP Aerospace Tooling Group has ordered four of our machines, one for their Odyssey division in Michigan; the other three for their Coast Composites Irvine, CA facility. They'll be used to produce the tools for building composite parts for the Boeing 787 and Airbus A350. One of the machines, a dual gantry model has travel of 59 × 15′ [18 × 4.5 m]," said Hagey.
According to Ed Mulvey, technical support applications engineer, Horn USA (Franklin, TN), multitasking machining using tools like Horn's spline milling and gear milling tools can complete a gear or a hub with a spline on it in one setup on the latest multitasking machines. "The real benefit for the user is that quality of the part is ensured as handling is minimized. Our tools are especially well suited to meeting the requirements of tough grooving that are required on aerospace parts. All of our tools are diameter specific for the bore size and depth of groove," said Mulvey.
"The secret of effective machining is in getting the best combination of substrate, cutting edge and coating, especially for applications involving difficult-to-machine materials, like Inconel, titanium, high-end stainless, precipitation stainless, cobalt alloys and Stellite. Except for some of the newer hardenable titaniums, we don't think of titanium as being as difficult to machine as in the past," said Mulvey.
"Because all of these materials have low machinability ratings, we strive for predictability in tool life. We provide a quality tool so that the customer knows how often he has to change the insert on a consistent basis. It helps that most machines today have a tool management system that will tell the operator when it's time to change the insert so that valuable time isn't lost in production," said Mulvey. "A recent example is one customer who is machining a component for the aerospace industry from premium nitriding steel. We recommended a coating that is running with phenomenal success. Previously, CBN was used and the process had to be stopped mid-cycle to allow the material to cool. Our free cutting geometry in combination with the coating allowed non-stop production. This custom solution reduced the scrap rate and improved the overall component quality."
Haimer USA (Villa Park, IL) offers three toolholding technologies that are designed to produce quality machining results, especially in high-speed machining applications. "The first is our balancing equipment that is designed to balance tooling assemblies before they go into the machine," said Brendt Holden, president. "A tooling assembly includes the toolholder with the cutting tool and all accessories such as pull-studs, nuts, collets, face-mill cutters, inserts, etc. Balancing the complete assembly allows the machine to run fast, especially in aluminum machining, without creating vibration at the cutting edge. Balanced tooling produces excellent surface finishes, extends tool life, and prevents possible damage to the spindle," said Holden.
The second technology is Cool Flash which is integrated into Haimer's Power Shrink chuck with Cool Jet. "Cool Flash overcomes the tendency of coolant to flare out away from the cutting zone in high-speed applications. It is especially effective in aluminum structural machining where a lot of chips are created or in deep milling applications on vanes where it's difficult to remove chips in jet engine machining," said Holden. "Cool Flash allows the coolant to come around the cutting tool where it is redirected back to the shank of the cutting tool where it follows the shank of the tool with a high pressure to cutting zone." The third technology is the Safe Lock which is designed to prevent tools, principally high helix end mills, from being pulled out of the holder in high-speed structural aluminum machining or in titanium roughing applications. ME
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Taking Its Medicine Does the Vatican Some Good
By John L Allen Jr
National Catholic Reporter
August 24, 2012
"Be careful what you wish for," as the saying goes, "because you will surely get it." In light of a couple of recent Vatican stories, the corollary also seems to apply: Be careful what you try to avoid, because it might actually be good for you.
A stringent European money laundering exam in July and a federal court ruling in Oregon this week both make the point.
Earlier this year, the Vatican faced secular scrutiny of its financial operations for the first time with a review by Moneyval, Europe's anti-money-laundering agency. The Vatican submitted voluntarily, a somewhat surprising choice given its long history of fighting off such perceived incursions on its autonomy tooth and nail. The truth, however, is it didn't have much choice. If the Vatican is perceived as a suspect financial player, it risks higher transaction costs and being shut out of important markets.
July's verdict was a mixed bag, raising questions such as whether regulation of the Vatican Bank is sufficiently strong. Yet on the whole, Moneyval concluded the Vatican "has come a long way in a very short period of time" toward transparency, and "there is no empirical evidence of corruption."
Those findings undercut conspiracy theories about Vatican finances, and, to some extent, they also offset perceptions of Benedict XVI's papacy as an administrative train wreck.
Taking its medicine, in other words, did the Vatican some good.
Something similar happened Monday, with a ruling in a federal district court in Oregon on a sex abuse lawsuit. In a nutshell, the judge held that the Vatican is not the "employer" of Catholic priests and dismissed it from the case.
Judge Michael Mosman compared policies for priests set in Rome to the sort of control a state bar association wields over lawyers -- important, sure, but not tantamount to an employer/employee relationship.
Before explaining why that experience was healthy, too, a bit of background.
The Oregon case
The ruling Monday came in the case of John Doe v. Holy See, filed in 2002 on behalf of a man allegedly abused in 1965-66 by a onetime Irish Servite priest named Andrew Ronan, who was laicized in 1966 and who died in 1992.
Correspondence released in the case shows that Ronan was transferred to the United States in 1959 in the wake of admitting to homosexual contact with seminarians at a Servite priory in Benburb, Ireland. He arrived first in Chicago, moving to Portland, Ore., in 1965 as a retreat director. The lawsuit named the Vatican, the archdioceses of Chicago and Portland, and the Servites as defendants, asserting that policies of secrecy put the alleged victim in harm's way. Since the two archdioceses were already dropped, the new ruling leaves only the religious order.
As in other instances in which it's been sued in American courts, the Vatican fought back tenaciously.
In 2009, the Vatican asked the U.S. Supreme Court to dismiss it from the case on the grounds of sovereign immunity, drawing support from the Obama administration in the form of a brief jointly signed by the Office of the Solicitor General, the attorney general and the State Department. In June 2010, however, the Supreme Court declined to hear the case, sending it back to Oregon.
(As a footnote, the Oregon case thus produced a rather juicy irony: The allegedly anti-Catholic Obama administration stood with the Vatican, while all those Catholic justices on the Supreme Court didn't give Rome what it wanted.)
In August 2011, the Vatican released what it claimed were all the documents about Ronan in its possession. They included a 1953 note of permission for Ronan to serve as a novice master despite being below the age then established in church law as well as several documents related to his 1966 laicization. Among them is a February 1966 letter from Ronan, acknowledging "my repeated, admitted, documented homosexual tendencies and acts against the vow of chastity and celibacy."
Notably, there was no document suggesting the Vatican approved, or even knew about, Ronan's 1959 transfer. Vatican lawyers say the paper trail proves the Vatican didn't become aware of Ronan's problems until 1966 and laicized him within weeks.
This chain of events culminated in Mosman's ruling Monday, which was read aloud by the judge from the bench.
How it helps
While the Vatican never wanted things to go this far, perhaps it ought to be glad they did.
First of all, the Vatican has always made sovereign immunity its first line of defense in sex abuse litigation. Given public outrage over the scandals, however, it was inevitable that, sooner or later, it would have to take a stand on the merits.
Technically, the Aug. 20 ruling was still focused on immunity. One of the few exceptions to the 1976 Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act is if a foreign state acts as an employer in America. By finding that the Vatican doesn't employ priests, the judge effectively held that its immunity still applies.
Nevertheless, the ruling cut closer than any previous case to the substantive issue of whether the Vatican was actually responsible for supervising abuser priests, and it's probably healthy to face that question head-on.
For Catholics everywhere, there's a broader take-away.
Insiders have long been frustrated with perceptions that the church is rigidly centralized and tightly controlled from the top. In truth, Catholicism is top-down only on faith and morals. In terms of administration, it's mostly horizontal, with key calls on personnel and finance made by diocesan bishops. On most everything else, such as new spiritual initiatives, new intellectual vision, and new pastoral and apostolic models, it's largely bottom-up.
While that might be reality, Catholics haven't had much luck communicating it, so the myth endures that nothing happens without somebody in Rome flipping a switch.
Now, however, we have an American judge with no dog in Catholic fights -- for the record, Mosman is a Mormon -- who took an objective look at the relationship between the Vatican and Catholic priests and concluded that the Vatican isn't their boss.
In a flash, Mosman might have done more to explain Catholic ecclesiology to the outside world than a whole rafter of paid church spokespersons has accomplished since, well, the dawn of time.
In terms of church politics, the ruling could also act as a firebreak against attempted micro-management from Rome. In the future, if somebody in the Vatican tries to push a priest around, he'd be well advised to reply: "Didn't you guys swear to an American judge that I don't work for you?"
In some ways, it's too bad other cases raising similar questions haven't moved further down the pipeline.
For instance, a lawsuit filed in Kentucky in 2004 charged that Catholic bishops, rather than priests, are "agents" or "employees" of the Vatican. In response, Vatican lawyers filed two lengthy memoranda from canonist Edward Peters of Sacred Heart Seminary in Detroit, forcefully defending the autonomy of the local bishop. To assert that bishops are no more than Vatican employees is "contrary to basic principles underlying the structure of the church," Peters wrote.
The judge was never forced to rule because in 2010, the plaintiff's lawyers abandoned the case. It would have been fascinating to see what he made of Peters' argument.
The Vatican's undesired teaching moment may not be over yet, since the plaintiff's lawyer in Oregon, Jeffrey Anderson, has vowed to appeal. No doubt, the Vatican will once again try to fight it off.
As with Moneyval and Mosman's ruling, however, the Vatican may find that sometimes developments you worry about the most also give you the most help.
Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com


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13. What are the characteristics of active citizenry?
- Active citizenry are members of society who take charge of their future and are the agents of what they want to happen in their communities. It requires inspirational leadership at all levels and every aspect of life. They should possess the following qualities:
- Empowered – They understand that rights must be exercised with the responsibilities and are not shy to assert these. They have access to accurate, up to date information about government and its activities. Thus the government is obliged to provide information so that citizens can know what they are entitled to.
- Fairness – citizens must not only know the structures and processes that exist but how government processes work, especially their accessibility by women, children, youth and people with disabilities. They play the game by its rules so that everything is predictable and transparent.
- Inclusivity – must not only embrace the constitutional values of equality, dignity and freedom but are willing to include or involve every one irrespective of their position, status, creed or race. Everyone must have a sense of belonging and equal chance to exercise rights.


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Ten years ago today, the first iPhone arrived, sporting an all-new user interface built on a multi-touch screen and a virtual keyboard that soon replaced all that had come before for mobile devices.
Combined with internet access and, later, an online app store that offered enterprise applications, the iPhone allowed workers to treat their cell phone as a more convenient, portable computer. It also meant that companies had to figure out -- quickly -- how to manage all those new iPhones.
Steve Palmucci remembers suddenly seeing new iPhones show up at work, and he immediately worried about its lack of security and business capabilities. Nevertheless, employees seemed to love them, and made it clear they wanted to use them for work.
"Compared to the Blackberry, which at the time was the standard for secure mobile access to enterprise data, the iPhone introduced risk," said Palmucci, who at the time was senior director of IT at Sungard Availability Services. "It was also limited initially to release on AT&T as the carrier in the US."
Now CIO at TiVo Corp., Palmucci recalls how quickly the iPhone became popular among co-workers. "It wasn't driven by apps that had enterprise value at the time," he said. "...They loved the design, the interface,and the allure of the Apple brand."
And he remembers the aftermath of its arrival: "When the iPhone was first released in the U.S. in 2007, there was a significant impact on enterprise IT because this was the real beginning of the consumerization of IT."
Before then, workers had been doing things like bringing personal routers into the office so they could connect smartphones or tablets to the corporate network. But their numbers were comparatively small; it was the iPhone that kicked "shadow IT," where employees took technology into their own hands, into high gear.
"I don't know that there was a real shadow IT movement prior to the iPhone," said Chris Silva, a Gartner research director. "The iPhone was definitely shadow IT 1.0. Everyone was taken by surprise."
IT shops stayed busy trying to make sure employees weren't circumventing corporate email by forwarding messages to their personal mail accounts so they could use them on their iPhones.
Before 2007, it wasn't unusual for some to bring in their own cell phone for work-related tasks or to rely on a corporate-issued Blackberry. The iPhone phenomenon up-ended years of mobile management practices, according to Phil Hochmuth, IDC's program director for enterprise mobility analysis.
Along with its revolutionary touch interface, the iPhone carried with it Apple's reputation for having a more secure platform, which helped with its adoption as the No. 1 mobile device in corporate America. "It's not necessarily true that the iPhone is more secure than Android, it's just a perception in the market," Hochmuth said.
With plenty of onboard storage and the ability to connect directly to their computers, the iPhone quickly won over early owners -- who soon called on IT departments to support it.
"It put enterprise IT on the defense because you had everyone bringing devices with Wi-Fi and browsers and asking to connect to email," Hochmuth said. "From a mobile device management perspective, there was really no way to manage those things."
In a real way, the iPhone spurred the rush to a coherent enterprise mobility management (EMM) strategy, as companies such as MobileIron and AirWatch raced to support it with their software, said Hockmuth.
Mobile device management is born
"For a variety of reasons, including high cost, the first generation iPhone wasn't broadly deployed in my company initially. However, users' demands for the technology they liked best and used it their personal lives, coupled with the explosion of applications, and the vast improvements in security, led the IPhone to where it is today, which is a critical component of the enterprise technology landscape," Palmucci said.
In 2007, Adam Rykowski had just been hired by AirWatch, which at the time focused on selling software to manage wireless endpoints -- not the devices connected to them. Like other users, Rykowski said he'd been instantly enamored of the iPhone and bought the first model for $600.
"We talk about consumerization driving IT, that was the catalyst for it. That's when we really saw consumerization of IT revolutionize the way companies did business," said Ryknowski, now the vice president of product management at VMware AirWatch.
At the time of the iPhone's launch, AirWatch found itself in the same place as many corporate IT managers: stunned by how quickly it reshaped the market. Employees, typically executives, were inundating IT departments with requests to have their business email put on their personal iPhones. Prior to that, mobile device management was reserved Blackberrys or other line-of-business "ruggedized" devices.
Founded in 2003, AirWatch had undergone a number of iterations as "a wonky security-type vendor," Silva said. It wasn't a message that was resonating well with IT departments.
MobileIron, founded in 2007, began touting its ability to track down cellular dead spots, which could result in dropped calls on the iPhone. It was considered part of device management because when executives hit the road, they wanted to be sure they didn't lose mobile connectivity.
"The iPhone was tough to support because the throughput speeds weren't great because the networks were getting slammed," Silva said. "Signal strength was an issue up through the iPhone 4. Then, you had the whole 'Antennagate' thing where you had to hold the phone a certain way if you wanted to make a call. The iPhone had its own share of problems."
Apple introduced a new hardware design in 2010 with the iPhone 4, with the device's frame acting as an antenna. If held the wrong way, the new design affected the signal strength, resulting in dropped calls. The problem became known as Antennagate.
"You literally had to hold your phone a certain way in order to make a call," Silva said.
That was still a few years in the future as companies, already wary of adopting a consumer device for business purposes, realized Apple's smartphone offered limited enterprise capabilities. To help counter that, Apple in 2008 released an iOS SDK that let third-party developers create apps for the smartphone. That was followed by the launch of the App Store, where IT shops could access software to remotely manage the iPhone.
As Microsoft Exchange support was rolled into iOS, the platform began adding enterprise-specific features. "It became clear it wasn't going to be this painful process to manage a device that users wanted," Silva said. "I think it's fair to say that in most organizations it was iOS...that got them into MDM and EMM investments."
"They started with a great platform and opened up the right enterprise readiness capabilities to [EMM] vendors like us, and then they also provided enterprises the ability to build their own in-house applications and their own private app stores," Ryknowski added. "We had to scale quickly. That helped fuel a lot of our growth."
Android fights to catch up
While the Android mobile platform (acquired by Google in 2005) didn't take long to follow the iPhone, early Android phone prototypes still sported a physical keyboard like the Blackberry before it. Not until 2008 did the first Android smartphone with a touch interface appear. It was from HTC Corp.
But by then, Apple had taken the beachhead.
And, it wasn't until the beginning of 2011, and the release of Android 3.0 (Honeycomb), that mobile device management was introduced -- and then, it was only available on tablets, Silva said. Later that year, Android 4.0 was introduced on Nexus smartphones with MDM tools.
"Android support definitely lagged," Silva said. "The versions of Android around up until 2011 by all standards couldn't have been supported in the enterprise. Organizations weren't even thinking about it; they were just trying to solve the iOS problem."
At the time, corporate-issued Blackberries still had a double-digit market share of the mobile enterprise and were especially popular in the halls of government in Washington, D.C. The iPhone was considered a step down from a BlackBerry because it didn't support nearly as many enterprise-specific features.
But with the launch of the Apple App store, many popular apps, including email, expense forms, file sharing and cloud storage -- as well as specific healthcare and financial apps -- were all at an employee's fingertips.
"I think the iPhone is a once-in-a-generation kind of product. It defined the product category and the technology..., touch screens, advanced multitouch operating systems, that sort of thing," Hockmuth said. "What really drove Apple and BYOD were the apps, because Blackberries were great devices. They were secure and had some great apps... But the iPhone App Store and subsequently the Android [Google] Play store, broadened the horizon of what a business thought of as mobile productivity."
Apple's enterprise entrance: organic, not intentional
The iPhone became so popular, Silva argued, because its features, functions and apps were aimed at the end-user, not at a line of business. Addressing business issues simply wasn't Apple's focus.
For years, even Apple's brick-and-mortar retail chains lacked staff who could demonstrate hardware applicability in the workplace for users, Silva noted.
While the iPhone's enterprise functionality became more formalized as device management features -- app provisioning and user permissions limits -- became codified in iOS 6, Apple did not rush to add enterprise features, Silva said.
"Enterprise has long been Apple's, 'OK, we'll solve that when we get to it,'" Silva said. "Everything from the licensing of apps to the ability to do MDM..., they got there, but it wasn't a core focus."
While it may have taken years, the iPhone has now essentially become the new Blackberry, Hochmuth argued.
Today, Apple's iOS claims 48% of all corporate-issued smartphones or phablets, compared to 37% for Android and 11% for Windows Moble OS, according to Gartner. And it claims 59% of tablets, largely because of the wildly popular iPad.
But the competition is closing in quickly. While Android may have been a late arrival, it's more focused on enterprise applications than at any time in the past.
"I could see Android gaining share in terms of corporate-liable tech devises," Hochmuth said. "Android [hardware manufacturers] and Google are focusing more on the enterprise than ever before. Even Apple just started recently looking at the enterprise as a target market.
"They've always been in the enterprise, but that was not by any intent of Apple."
Google, of late, has made workplace encroachment a top priority.
"Google is focusing more on the enterprise now. They're starting to expand security capabilities. They're starting to have more [manufacturing] partnerships around B2B," Hochmuth said. "I could see Android becoming more predominant in businesses over time as they change the image of the OS."
As Hochmuth noted, it's not as if Apple hasn't been making "a ton of money" with its approach to businesses in recent years. But as the rate of iPhone adoption slows, which it has, Apple should look to the enterprise as a place to grow. That doesn't mean more iPhones in the enterprise, but it does mean more enterprise-focused software on existing devices.
Apple has already teamed up with a variety of enterprise application vendors, including SAP, IBM and Cisco.
More than two years ago, Apple partnered with IBM to create the MobileFirst for iOS initiative, which resulted in more than 100 industry-specific enterprise applications designed from the ground up for the iPhone and iPad.
In 2015, Apple partnered with Cisco to help optimize networks for iOS devices and apps, including integrating the iPhone for use with Cisco enterprise environments.
Last year, Apple partnered with SAP to deliver a new iOS SDK and training academy for developers, partners and customers. The goal: to make it easier to build native iOS apps tailored for business needs.
And just this week, Apple CEO Tim Cook talked up the company's enterprise efforts at Cisco Live.
While it may be partnering with more enterprise-level vendors to bring specific business uses to its devices, iOS still lacks key features, analysts said. For example, it lacks multi-user device support and granular app-level controls. If, for example, a user wants to have Microsoft Word on their iPhone or iPad, it's automatically tied to a work profile and there's no other way to use it except as a work application.
Google, however, created Android for Work -- APIs that allow users to create one profile for work apps and another for personal use. For example, a user can split their Gmail account into a personal version and work version on the same device.
"iOS still has a bit of a ham-handed way in dealing with application management in giving you a work and personal version of an app," Silva said. "Android lets you have multiple users associated with a single device, where iOS has been roundly criticized for not doing that on iPhones and iPads, except for education."
Even in the recent unveiling of iOS 11, there was no mention of multi-user support.
Regardless of any current shortcomings, the iPhone far and away still enjoys the majority share within enterprises because it is considered the most stable and consistent of the mobile platforms, and it has key, built-in features businesses appreciate.
For example, when an iPhone connects to Wi-Fi networks, iOS randomizes the address so it's harder to track the devices. Android devices, up until recent versions, stored a user's home Wi-Fi data "that it would then broadcast as Starbucks and ask, 'Hey, is this network here?'
"From a security standpoint, iOS tends to have a better security posture than the generic consumer Android device, and that's going to keep it in the enterprise," Silva said. "And, if I have an iPhone 5 sitting on my desk, I can pull that thing out and install the latest version of iOS on it and still manage it the same way I manage an iPhone 7."


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BOSTON (AP) -- An NHL-record unbeaten streak to start the lockout-shortened season.
Three straight victories to clinch the title.
From beginning to end, the Chicago Blackhawks skated away from the rest of the league.
BOSTON, MA - JUNE 24: Johnny Oduya #27 of the Chicago Blackhawks celebrates with Corey Crawford #50 after defeating the Boston Bruins in Game Six of the 2013 NHL Stanley Cup Final at TD Garden on June 24, 2013 in Boston, Massachusetts. The Chicago Blackhawks defeated the Boston Bruins 3-2. Credit: Getty Images
Bryan Bickell and Dave Bolland scored 17 seconds apart in the 1:16 and the Blackhawks staged a stunning rally to win Game 6 of the Stanley Cup Final 3-2 on Monday night for their second NHL championship in four seasons.
Jonathan Toews returned from injury to add a goal, and Corey Crawford made 23 saves for Chicago in the first final round between Original Six since 1979.
"I still can't believe that finish," Crawford said. "Oh my God, we never quit."
Patrick Kane, whose overtime goal in Game 6 beat Philadelphia to win the 2010 championship, was voted the Conn Smythe Trophy winner as playoffs MVP.
Toews scored his third goal of the playoffs to tie it for the Blackawks at 4:24 of the second of Game 6 - exactly two minutes after teammate Andrew Shaw was penalized for roughing.
Boston, needing a win to extend the series to a deciding Game 7, came out aggressively and led 1-0 after one period on Chris Kelly's second goal of the playoffs. The Bruins outshot the Blackhawks 12-6 in the first period but the margin dropped to 18-15 through 40 minutes.
Each team got one of its best players back when Toews and Boston alternate captain Patrice Bergeron returned to the lineup after leaving the Blackhawks' 3-1 win with injuries on Saturday.
BOSTON, MA - JUNE 24: Dave Bolland #36 of the Chicago Blackhawks celebrates with Marcus Kruger #16 after scoring the game winning goal late in the third period against Tuukka Rask #40 of the Boston Bruins in Game Six of the 2013 NHL Stanley Cup Final at TD Garden on June 24, 2013 in Boston, Massachusetts. Credit: Getty Images
BOSTON, MA - JUNE 24: Jonathan Toews #19 of the Chicago Blackhawks celebrates after scoring a goal in the third period against Tuukka Rask #40 of the Boston Bruins in Game Six of the 2013 NHL Stanley Cup Final at TD Garden on June 24, 2013 in Boston, Massachusetts. Credit: Getty Images
Credit: Getty Images
Toews scored when he got past Boston defenseman Zdeno Chara along the boards in the neutral zone. Chicago's captain skated up the right side and fired a hard shot from the right faceoff dot that beat goalie Tuukka Rask between his pads.
It was Toews' second goal in three games. Of Chicago's last 10 goals, Chara was on the ice for nine.
Boston right wing Jaromir Jagr was shaken up in the first period. He returned for the second but left the bench, and Tyler Seguin replaced him on the second line with left wing Brad Marchand and center Bergeron.
The play that led to Kelly's goal began after a faceoff that rookie defenseman Torey Krug rushed in to tip toward a teammate. The puck went to Daniel Paille, standing about 40 feet on the left. He passed to Seguin, who caught the puck with his right glove in the slot and dropped it.
Seguin then passed to Kelly, who scored his second goal of the playoffs 7:19 into the game.
It came just seven seconds after a whistle stopped a scrum in front of the net that followed an extended period of pressure by the Bruins.
Just two minutes after the goal, Chicago had one of its best chances of the period when Michal Frolik skated in with the puck behind the defense and fired a 15-foot drive from the left, but Rask made the save.
Boston had another solid chance at 12:24 when Milan Lucic took a 15-foot shot from the slot that Crawford stopped.
After having no power plays in Game 5, the Bruins had four failed advantages in the first two periods.
With 4:01 left in the first, Shaw was struck in the face by a puck when it deflected off the shaft of his stick after Boston's Shawn Thornton shot it. He lay on the ice before getting up and skating off slowly.
Toews was on Chicago's first shift of the game. Bergeron had left Game 5 with an undisclosed injury after playing just 49 seconds in the second period.
Five of the last nine Cup finals have gone seven games, including in 2011 when the Bruins overcame a 3-2 series deficit and won their first championship since 1972 by winning Game 6 in Boston and Game 7 in Vancouver.
In 2010, Chicago won its first NHL title since 1961 on Patrick Kane's overtime goal in Game 6 against the Philadelphia Flyers. As they did this year, the Blackhawks won Game 5 to take a 3-2 series lead.
This year's finals have been extremely tight, with three of the first five games going to overtime. Chicago won the opener in three overtimes, then Boston won 2-1 in one extra period and 2-0. The Blackhawks regained home-ice advantage with a 6-5 overtime win in a wild Game 4 in Boston before returning home for Saturday night's win.
Teams that have won Game 5 after splitting the first four have won the Cup 15 of 22 times since the best-of-seven format began in 1939. But the loser of Game 5 the past six times has won four championships, including the Bruins against the Canucks.
Last season, the Los Angeles Kings beat the New Jersey Devils in six games. This season, the Blackhawks beat the Kings in five games to reach the Cup finals, clinching the series on Kane's goal in overtime.


text: Flashing: "Flashing," or exhibitionism is characterized by intense, sexually arousing fantasies, urges or behaviors involving exposure of the individual's genitals to an unsuspecting stranger. The individual with this problem, sometimes called a "flasher," feels a need to surprise, shock or impress his victims. The condition usually is limited to the exposure, with no other harmful advances made, although "indecent exposure" is illegal. Actual sexual contact with the victim is rare. However, the person may masturbate while exposing himself or while fantasizing about exposing himself.


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Nat King Cole
Biography Nat King Cole
Nat King Cole
Born March 17, 1919 in Montgomery, Alabama, Nat King Cole reigns among a very short list of music royalty as one of the most identifiable and most memorable voices in American music. In 1942, Cole was one of the first artists to sign with Capitol Records, and he recorded nearly 700 songs for the label, becoming the first Number One artist on Billboard's first album chart. During his 30-year recording career, Cole recorded more than 150 charting singles on Billboard's Pop, R&B and Country charts, a staggering record that remains unbroken by any other artist ever signed to Capitol Records, which led to the label being affectionately tagged, "The House That Nat Built."
In 1956, Cole also became the first person of color to host his own national network television show, NBC's "Nat King Cole Show." 1965 saw the release of Cole's classic album, Unforgettable, and his untimely passing that year at the age of 47. At the time of his death, it was reported that Capitol Records had sold more than nine million Nat King Cole records. From "Mona Lisa" to "Unforgettable," Nat King Cole's songs are incomparable; it is difficult to contemplate a holiday season without the warmth of Cole's evergreen rendition of "The Christmas Song." Cole's catalog continues to sell in excess of one million albums per year around the world.
In January 2005, Nat King Cole made his first return in 40 years to Billboard's Top 50 with the #41 debut of The World Of Nat King Cole (Capitol/EMI). Cole's last album to reach the Top 50, Unforgettable, peaked at #30 in 1965. In 1991, Natalie Cole's Unforgettable: With Love, featuring her warm virtual duet of "Unforgettable" with her father, topped charts around the world and won the coveted Album Of The Year Grammy Award, introducing Nat King Cole to a new generation of music fans.
For the March 2009 release of Nat King Cole's RE:GENERATIONS (Capitol/EMI), many of the world's most pioneering hip-hop, Latin, reggae and rock musicians, producers and DJs joined together to bring each of their distinct styles to 13 of Cole's outstanding recordings. Evocative of a sleek and stylish metrolounge where music and the visual arts converge, RE:GENERATIONS honors Nat King Cole's continued cultural influence around the planet, 90 years after his birth.
Interest in Nat King Cole's story continues to grow as younger generations discover his music as well as his role as the quiet catalyst in a host of musical and social movements. The arc of Cole's life is a study in success despite adversity, and the triumph of civility, respect and raw talent in equal measure with political, cultural and business savvy.


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Erin's Story
Final thoughts about the Project and community?
|Made friends while waiting at the airport in Houston
|Wouldn't you want to stop by this table?
|View from our booth. It was always crowded.
|Waiting to hear the last talks of the conference
|Attendees loved taking their photos with Groff
Today, October 13, is Ada Lovelace Day and we're joining people around the globe in celebrating the achievements of women in science, technology, engineering and maths. There are a number of events taking place today. See here to find an event in your area.
In keeping with today's celebration, we'd like to share more about the Foundation's efforts to recruit more women to the Project. If you've attended any of the Foundation presentations over the last few months you've heard us talk about this, and we're currently working with other members of the community to further these goals.
As we mentioned in our last newsletter, we sponsored and presented at WomENcourage 2015 in Uppsala, Sweden. The first day of the conference was a job fair, and we were the only open source project to participate. Even though this was a women in tech conference, there were many men who attended the conference too, and we had both women and men stop by our table to talk about opportunities in the FreeBSD Project. Though we weren't there to offer jobs or internships, we did showcase how the FreeBSD Project offers great opportunities to gain job skills by working on a software project as a developer, coder, writer, administrator, and other areas that someone might want to get involved in. We focused on the fact that working on the Project allows you to work on what interests you; have great mentors to help you; find your own niche; and offers the opportunity for your work to be publicly available for companies to see.
The second day of the conference we were on a panel covering Careers in Open Source, All the panelists and the moderator were members of the FreeBSD community. We had a great turn out, and could have talked about the opportunities on an open source project way past our allotted hour. After our panel, we had a table in the conference hall, so people could stop and talk to us. Professors were interested in the FreeBSD curriculum and a few wanted to host FreeBSD events at their universities.
This week, we'll be joining thousands of other women in computing at the Grace Hopper Conference in Houston, TX. I'll be joined by former FreeBSD Google Summer of Code student, Shonali Balakrishna, who will help me introduce attendees to the Project and share with them her experiences and the benefits of being involved with this community.
In addition to attending conferences, we're also working with Dru Lavigne and others in the community to create a FreeBSD Bootcamp aimed at introducing FreeBSD to young women ranging from middle school to college age. This follows on the heels of our first FreeBSD middle school class, currently being taught by Justin Gibbs and me in CO.
We're very excited to take these first steps towards reaching our recruitment goals. We will continue to work with others (both women and men) within the Project and outlying communities to discover more areas for outreach, improvement, and growth to help make working on the Project a positive experience for everyone involved. Stay tuned for more updates from the Grace Hopper Conference as the week goes on.
Finally, thank you to everyone who has donated to the Foundation to help us move forward with our goals. Your support allows us to continue our mission to advocate for, improve on, and grow the FreeBSD Project.
Deb Goodkin,
Executive Director
FreeBSD Foundation
|Photo courtesy of iXsystems
|Photo courtesy of iXsystems
|Photo courtesy of Ollivier Robert
I'm a fresh FreeBSD committer who is very interested in security things. I also work for the Wheel Systems company which develops security solutions. So it was natural for me that I should attend Cambridge Developer Summit which, in my opinion, is the most security related event in every committer's calendar. This was also my third visit to Cambridge. For the first one I also wrote a trip report which you can find here. The conference was held in August 17-20, 2015.
This year I attended with my two colleagues, Konrad Witaszczyk and Miłosz Kaniewski. I arrived very early around 10am on a Sunday (unfortunately we had to take different flights), so I had a lot of time to walk around Cambridge. I must admit that there's something magical in this town. You can see many old buildings. On every corner you can film an old or fantasy movie. There are also big fields of green and the river in which you can go punting. I really enjoy this town every time I'm there.
This year we also stayed in Sidney Sussex, which is this big, great college. What is also very important is the fact that it sits right in the center of town. We arrived one day earlier and since there weren't any special activities planned, we spent the rest of the evening socializing with other FreeBSD peers.
The first day of DevSummit was on Monday. This year we decided to walk every day to the Computer Laboratory. The first session I attended that day was about storage, networking and armv8. The storage session which was the closest to me, was led by Benno Rice. The main topic was improving GEOM.
The second day of the conference was even more exciting than the first one. First I attended the tracing group, in which George Neville-Neil was talking about dtrace. Next we had discussion about Capsicum. In this discussion we also were talking about Ed Schousten's work called CloudABI. The last group was led by Ed Maste talking about toolchain and LLVM.
The official dinner was held on this day. This year we had a great pleasure to be guests of the Murray Edwards College. The college has the largest collection of women's art in Europe, and the second largest in the world. Only women can study in this college.
The last day of DevSummit was spent discussing testing. This group was focused on atf and kyua. Next we had session about teaching in which, Robert Watson and George Neville-Neil, told us about the courses they are teaching in which they use FreeBSD and dtrace. The last session was about security and crypto, and I wasn't disappointed. Mark Murry again (as he did 2 years ago) discussed random number generator with others. It turns out that the Fortuna, a new algorithm for random generating, isn't prepared for multi CPU environments, and further research is needed.
There is a lot of knowledge in every working group, but there is also a lot of great information from people that we spoke to after or during the conference. I spent a lot of time talking with many incredibly smart people who told me about their recent findings in their research. For example, we were talking about packaging, security, encrypting the boot partition, MIPS processor (cherri project in particular) and much more. Of course we didn't only talk about work. After one of the dinners I can tell you everything about rugby in French. :)
Then the unfortunate last day came. We went to see Cambridge for the last time. We spent some time in the botanic gardens and took the flight back to Poland. After this trip I can tell that I learned many things, but I also realize how much I don't know and how much interesting stuff is going on around me. I came back home motivated to work even harder.
I would like to thank FreeBSD Foundation for making this trip possible for me.
Mariusz Zaborski
The FreeBSD Foundation is pleased to announce that the FreeBSD Journal has over 10,000 subscribers! Thank you to everyone who helped us reach this 2015 goal ahead of schedule. We'd also like to thank the dedicated team of editorial board members and authors for tirelessly volunteering their time to create must-read content for every issue. Finally, thank you to the advertisers and staff, without whom, publication would not be possible. To celebrate our latest milestone, the Foundation will be raffling off cell phone power bricks to 10 lucky subscribers. We hope this helps keep the Journal always at your fingertips.
I have been to two EuroBSDCon conferences and now I can add my first BSDCan to the list. The trip to Ottawa was just as interesting as the conference itself, it was the first time I stepped aboard an airplane. Purely by chance I found out, after I booked my flight, that I shared the same flight with Ed Schouten and Massimiliano Stucchi so they could help me with the confusing ant hill that is your average airport.
We arrived the 9th in Ottawa and after dropping off our stuff at the residence, we went to the Royal Oak for drinks and social activities.
During the dev summit or the actual BSDCan you can meet people you've only heard of before and have a conversation. In some cases, you can also find out they have heard of you before too. That happened to me during lunch on Wednesday, when I met Michael W. Lucas at Cora's.
While I mostly work on FreeBSD ports, it was interesting to see how a company like Isilon uses at least part of the Project you work on in their product and how they've changed their policy over the years to keep up with all the shiny new stuff.
The hacking lounge was a mixed bag of what people were doing: talking with other people attending the conference about different subjects, discussing future projects, doing some code hacking or taking a soldering iron to "harmless" wireless routers. During one of the hacking lounges, Johannes Jost Meixner ask me to do a simple test with a few new ports to see if the skype4 port worked on HEAD. I also put the inspiration I got during a presentation into solving a segfault in PulseAudio that was bugging me for a while.
On Friday June 12th, the conference kicked off with the Keynote by Stephen Bourne, about Unix history and the Bourne shell. After, I attended the "Package building via QEMU" session by Sean Bruno and Stacey Son, on how we use QEMU to build arm packages on an amd64 box a "bit" faster than would be possible on a native box. I also attended "a stitch in time: jhbuild" since I was involved with this project. Jhbuild is a build software that GNOME uses, that takes code right out of git and tries to build it. So portability issues get caught in a few days instead of 6 months later when the author of that code moved on to shinier features. And, some features GNOME glib people would like to have in FreeBSD. The LLDB talk was interesting and it made me actually start using lldb when I need to debug something.
In the evening, I accidentally ended up in the Doc sprint. Which turned out to be good thing, since I learned some mandoc things and I got some help with thinking about how to write some documents that still need writing.
Saturday June 13th, had some great talks like CloudAPI where we have a binary from a virtual Operating System and that could in theory be run on any OS. And, the ZFS talk by Kirk McKusick about how ZFS works "magic" in more ways than one. I'm probably not the only one that is looking forward to having the FreeBSD base system in packages.
Free Time
On Sunday the 14th, we had time to do some tourist type things before our flight back to Europe. I saw Parliament Hill and the National Gallery of Canada.
While a few presentations went over my head technically, (ZFS I'm looking at you). I'm from Europe so jet lag is supposed to be a thing, if you got long plane flights across time zones. Either my sleeping habit is already beyond hope, or I'm one of those people that isn't that affected. Though personally would bet on the former choice.
I'd like to thank the FreeBSD Foundation for giving me the possibility to attend, and Dan Langille and his team for making my first BSDCan a smooth experience.
Koop Mast


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Microsoft Corp. last week pulled an update for Outlook 2007 issued just two days earlier, citing connection and performance problems for the unusual move.
The update was issued mid-day on Dec. 14 as part of the monthly Patch Tuesday. Within hours, users reported trouble with retrieving e-mail and major delays when switching folders.
"This latest update results in Outlook 2007 being very slow in changing folders and the archiving functionality appears to have been removed," said someone identified as "alspar" on a Microsoft support forum early Wednesday morning. "Is this an error or by design?"
Others said they couldn't send or receive e-mail, including Gmail messages, through Outlook after installing the update.
Ironically, Microsoft had billed the update, which didn't patch any security vulnerabilities, as one that contained "stability and performance improvements."
By Thursday, support forum moderators were telling users to uninstall the update.
Microsoft made that official late Friday in a post on the Outlook team's blog . "We have discovered several issues with the update and … as of December 16, this Outlook 2007 update has been removed from Microsoft Update,"
According to Microsoft, the Tuesday update contained three flaws related to Secure Password Authentication (SPA), a Microsoft protocol used to authenticate mail clients like Outlook to a mail server; sluggish folder switching when Outlook wasn't configured to grab mail from an Exchange server; and a broken AutoArchive feature.
Microsoft urged users who had installed update during its three days of availability to remove it, and spelled out the necessary steps.
The company also issued a mea culpa.
"We apologize to our customers for not discovering these issues before releasing the update and for any inconvenience we have caused," the Outlook team wrote on its blog. "We failed to meet our own and our customers' expectation for quality with this update release. We are working to fix these issues and will post a release date for those fixes, and link to download them, as soon as that information is available."
Microsoft has yanked updates before. In April, it pulled a patch for Windows 2000 — which at the time was still being supported — over what it called "quality issues."
In early 2008, Microsoft retracted an update designed to prep Windows Vista for Service Pack 1 (SP1) after users flooded support forums with tales of endless reboots.
Microsoft has not set a timetable for releasing a re-patch for Outlook 2007.