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60 Years On Japanese Debate the Tokyo Tribunal's Legitimacy
By Yoshida Reiji[The Tokyo war crimes trial (International Military Tribunal for the Far East, 1946-1948) was the Pacific counterpart to the first Nuremberg Tribunal. Controversial at the time, it is more controversial today. This essay reminds American readers of differences in assessing the trial in the victorious and in the defeated countries, as well as within a single country such as Japan. My Victors' Justice (1971) was the first monograph in English on the Tokyo trial. I was writing in the late 1960s, and the context was America's Vietnam War. That war gave the lie to the Tokyo trial's professions of American ideals and American innocence. The trial, I concluded, was a travesty of justice--not that Japan's war was right, but that the trial was wrong. Above all, it was flawed because it singled out Japanese war crimes while ruling out the possibility that the US or its allies might be liable for such acts as the firebombing of 64 Japanese cities and the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The right in Japan welcomed my book, concluding that if the trial was a travesty, then Japan's wartime policies were legitimate. In Japan today the context is the neo-nationalist assault on history textbooks and the scholars they hold responsible for a supposedly "masochistic view" of Japanese history. Fujioka Nobukatsu and the Tsukurukai group assail progressive scholars such as Yoshida Yutaka who address the uncomfortable past, raising issues of atrocities and war crimes. The prize is Japan's younger generation. Public opinion polls report that 37% of Japanese in their twenties say they "can't tell" if Japan waged a war of aggression. But ask the same cohort in the U. S. about the Vietnam War or about Iraq II, which UN Secretary General Kofi Annan declared "illegal", and the results would be far more distressing. In China, the trials have particular meaning in the context of contemporary conflicts over war memories in Japan, ignited by Prime Minister Koizumi's repeated visits to Yasukuni Shrine at a time of growing territorial and resource conflicts between China and Japan. China's efforts to prevent Japan from securing a permanent UN Security Council seat provides an immediate political context for the renewed Chinese emphasis on Japan's wartime atrocities. Richard H. Minear.]
Morioka Masahiro broke a taboo for government officials in May when, as parliamentary secretary for the health ministry, he disputed the legitimacy of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, in which Japan's wartime leaders were tried.Wartime Prime Minister Tojo Hideki listens as his death sentence is read aloud on Nov. 12, 1948, at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East.Morioka, a House of Representatives member with the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, openly defended Japan's Class-A war criminals and questioned the legitimacy of the tribunal, which convicted 25 wartime Japanese leaders and, in a way, set the course of postwar Japan.Morioka was rebuked by the government for the remark and drew harsh protests from China, where memories of Japan's wartime aggression are still fresh.But the 62-year-old lawmaker says he has never regretted what he did, and claims that more than 90 percent of 1,500 e-mails he received from Japanese supported and encouraged his statement."Everybody was wondering why we should keep apologizing to China and South Korea even 60 years after (the end of the war)," Morioka told The Japan Times. "But they didn't know how to express that feeling."Six decades after Japan surrendered on Aug. 15, 1945, fundamental questions linger here over the Allied-led international tribunal. In fact, it's recently become a hot topic with Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's annual pilgrimages to Yasukuni Shrine, which honors 14 wartime leaders who were convicted by the tribunal as Class-A war criminals.Yoshida Yutaka, a Hitotsubashi University professor, points out that rising nationalism among younger generations, who feel less guilty about Japan's wartime acts, has given new momentum to arguments against the Tokyo Tribunal.The situation could heat up the emotional confrontation going on between Japan and China. "Both in China and Japan, new generations who do not have wartime experiences will have to handle war-related issues now," Yoshida said.To be sure, a majority of Japanese seem to support a key conclusion of the tribunal -- that Japan waged a war of aggression.
A poll conducted by NHK in 2000 showed that 51 percent of 1,468 respondents aged 16 or older consider Japan the aggressor for the war it waged in the 1930s and 40s, compared with 15 percent who feel otherwise.Still, the same poll showed that an increasing number of young Japanese are questioning the validity of the tribunal, the professor said.
In a 1982 NHK poll of 2,623 people, 10 percent of those aged 16 to 19, and 11 percent of those in their 20s, replied that "they can't tell" whether Japan waged a war of aggression. Those ratios grew to 29 percent and 37 percent, respectively, in the 2000 poll.Rejection of the Tokyo Tribunal is not rare for political conservatives.Morioka made headlines because he was speaking on the issue while serving in a government position. Chief Cabinet Secretary Hosoda Hiroyuki quickly denied that Morioka's statement reflected Tokyo's official stance and said Japan stood by the outcome of the tribunal.But former trade minister Hiranuma Takeo and Kamei Shizuka, a former LDP policy chief, both said they agreed with Morioka's statement.The Tokyo Tribunal opened on May 3, 1946, under orders from Gen. Douglas MacArthur, then Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.After hearings that continued through November 1948, the tribunal branded 25 defendants as Class-A war criminals, seven of whom -- including wartime Prime Minister Gen. Tojo -- were later hanged.The main point of contention in the debate over the tribunal is whether the Allied Powers were justified in trying Japan's wartime leaders.Technically, even scholars who fully accept Japan was to blame for the war and acknowledge the judgments handed down by the tribunal say the proceedings may have been flawed in terms of international law at that time.The war criminals were convicted of offenses that included conspiring to wage a "war of aggression" and committing "crimes against peace."During the tribunal, the counsel for the wartime leaders argued that the concept of "crimes against peace" had not been established under international law but was retroactively thought up by the Allied Powers. In fact, there were no international pacts or treaties that clearly distinguished between "war of self-defense" or "war of aggression" at that time."Whether 'the crimes against peace' were thought up ex post facto is still a very subtle issue even among experts," said Awaya Kentaro, a professor at Rikkyo University and a leading expert on issues related to the military tribunal."I believe it was good that the tribunal was held. But it was also a political event," Awaya said.According to Awaya, in the closing days of the war, Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin initially called for the immediate capture and execution of Japan's leaders.But the United States argued that a tribunal with "political and educational effects" should be held to expose the unprecedented ravages of the war to the world, Awaya said.As a result, vast amounts of evidence were submitted to the court and can be re-examined by historians, Awaya said. "Holding a military court was much better than doing nothing" or summarily executing Japan's leaders, he added.Meanwhile, many conservative scholars and politicians say Japan was forced to wage a war of "self-defense" because the U.S. imposed economic sanctions in the leadup to Pearl Harbor in 1941, and that Japan, like the Western powers that preceded it, was trying to defend its interests, which included parts of China.The Western powers should also have been condemned for their colonial rule of parts of Asia and their wartime massacres of civilians, including the U.S. atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the massive air raids conducted all over Japan, they argue.In Hiroshima, the estimated number of people killed in the August 1945 atomic bombing reached 140,000 by the end of the year, while the attack on Nagasaki ultimately claimed around 70,000.Judges from the Allied powers turned down the defense's proposal that the tribunal take up issues related to the atomic bombings.
"The tribunal one-sidedly ruled that only Japan conducted evil acts. That's not true," Morioka said.He argued that the tribunal, which was carried out during the Occupation with stern censorship, implanted "a masochistic view of history" in the minds of the Japanese people.But Hitotsubashi University's Yoshida has a different interpretation of the tribunal's impact on the public's view of the war.
He argues that the Cold War, which started soon after World War II ended, allowed the Japanese to maintain a double standard toward the Tokyo Tribunal and their own responsibility for the war."The focus (of U.S. interests) had already shifted toward strengthening Japan as an ally in the Cold War" rather than punishing it for past acts, Yoshida said.Preferring stability over radical changes in the Japanese government, the United States decided not to prosecute the late Emperor Showa for his role in the war, limiting the focus of the tribunal to a handful of wartime leaders who it claimed played leading roles in launching aggression in Asia.As a result, Yoshida said, the tribunal allowed the Japanese public to feel they only had been "deceived" by the wartime leaders and to regard themselves as victims of the war -- with many of their cities having been burned to ashes in air raids and food shortages hitting much of the public.Such sentiment was perhaps reinforced by the fact that real developments in the war were kept secret from much of the public, for whom the Tokyo Tribunal was the first chance to learn what really happened."That logic of 'deception' fit well with the sentiments of the Japanese people," Yoshida said.To end the Occupation and recover its independence, Japan concluded the 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty, which was based on the judgments of the Tokyo Tribunal.But domestically, the Japanese people tended to think of themselves as victims of the war, without seriously thinking about their responsibility as victimizers, Yoshida said.While legal questions about the tribunal gave ammunition to people who tried to defend Japan's wartime acts, Yoshida argued that the tribunal's legal legitimacy and Japan's war responsibility should have been dealt with as two separate issues.Awaya of Rikkyo University said people should not try to downplay Japan's wartime misdeeds by citing the past colonial rule of the Western powers."Yes, colonial rule by the Western powers was wrong. But that does not mean (Japan) can justify its own acts," Awaya said.
This article appeared in the Japan Times on August 4, 2005. Yoshida Reiji is a staff writer for the Japan Times. Posted at Japan Focus on October 14, 2005.
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That Bizarre Cate Blanchett Interview: Watch What Actually Happened
A video has been circulating the internet the past couple days exposing Cate Blanchett in a very awkward interview as she calls out her interviewer for the ridiculousness of a question. But, the negative connotation associated with her freak-out is only shown through the 19-second cut of the one particular question. When you see the entirety of the interview, what actually happened, and what may have prompted Blanchett to react in such a way becomes a bit more clear. Take a look:
From the start, this interview's awkwardness is what makes it so darn hilarious to watch. What was supposed to be a nice chat about a Disney movie turned it to a quick-witted banter battle between Cate Blanchett and Channel Ten journalist for The Project Jonathan Hyla. The two joked about sex, dating, vodka and why the children's movie, Cinderella wasn't rated R. But as the two bickered back and forth, the interview ended on an uncomfortable note when Hyla tried to get 'serious'. This is the moment everyone's been talking about. Because this is the moment that Cate Blanchett, seemingly bombarded by an off-topic question (especially when taken out of context of the interview) snaps, and swears on national television.
Referring to the Russian Blue cat that Blanchett's character (the wicked stepmother) keeps in the film, Hyla asks the Oscar-winning actress:
Blanchett's face changes. Whether or not it is a joke reaction, she looks to what may be her publicist in shock and confusion, and fires back at the journalist:
Based on the context of the question, we can't be sure if Blanchett is just playing along with the sarcastic overtone throughout the entire interview, or if she really was pissed off that this silly question was Hyla's attempt at 'serious'. Just moments later the discussion wraps up as Blanchett snarkily ends with a "nice to meet you?"
After the interview, Hyla instagrammed the segment of the interview with the comment:
But when media erupted about the actress 'losing it' in the interview, Hyla made sure to clarify what really happened by providing the entire, uncut interview for "those misrepresenting [his] #CateBlanchett interview".
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Phil Taylor
Phil Taylor is based in Northern Italy but has continuously worked on 5 continents with key brands like Lamborghini (11 years) and Ducati (3 years) Phil focuses on bespoke Strategy, Team and Business development with top management and sales teams.
His key differentiating factor is the engaging and interactive style, using multichannel and innovative methods in the meeting room. Phil is well used to dealing with cross cultural teams across wide geographical operation space.
Phil graduated in Engineering from the University of Cambridge UK.
He is a UK Honorary Consul in Italy and Assessor and trainer for candidates to the role of CEO in all Italian State Universities. A current challenge is helping the top innovation team in Ducati in a deep rethinking process.
Phil longest continuous running trainer in Lamborghini HQ and trainer number 1 Ducati Academy 2017 and 2018.
PTC video in 60 seconds:
https ://drive.google.com/open?id=1EMeRvgHiB8xgC_3DdBAPQs CMYIf -7a8f


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You've done your research, you feel confident about Ethereum and now you want to buy it. Except, you don't know how. Well, you've come to the right place. Below, we'll walk you through the steps on how to buy Ethereum and introduce you to some of the places where Ethereum is bought and sold.
How Do You Buy Ethereum?
We've outlined 5 easy steps below to help you along in your journey of buying Ethereum. Step 1: Find an Exchange and Create an Account An online exchange is the only way to buy and sell Ethereum, as is the case with all cryptocurrencies. So the first thing you'll need to do is a bit of research into online exchanges and choose the one which is right for your needs. For example, not all exchanges work in all countries, or they may have certain restrictions imposed on them based on where you live. So do your homework first and when you settle on the exchange for you, go ahead and create your account with it. A good starting point is to look at the most popular exchanges: Coinbase, Bitstamp, Kraken, and Gemini are all good starting points. Step 2: Set Up Your Account Most exchanges require that you upload a number of personal documents for verification purposes in order to fully set up your account (and if an exchange does not require this, it may not be a trustworthy exchange). For example, you may need to upload your passport or driver's license. The reason for this is that exchanges want to be sure you are who you say you are and that you are reputable. Exchanges need to complete "Know Your Customer" (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) checks on each person that registers for them; for this they will need both proof of address and photo identification from you. Verification of your account may take up to several days. How long depends largely on how busy the exchange is. Step 3: Deposit Fiat Currency into Your Account Fiat currency is a currency that is considered legal tender by a government, which takes its value from supply and demand rather than the value of the material the money is made of. Most world currencies, such as the US dollar, are fiat currencies. That means you need actual money in order to start buying Ethereum (as opposed to, say, trying to buy it with gold), which generally isn't going to be a problem for most people. Once your account has been set up and verified, you'll need to deposit fiat currency into your account in order to purchase the ether. This can be done either through a direct bank or wire transfer or through credit or debit payments. Some exchanges may specify that you transfer money into your account in a certain way. Transferring money into your account may take several days, again this depends on the exchange. Also be aware that most exchanges charge a fee each time you transfer money in. You can find the details of an exchange's fees located in the footer of its website. Step 4: Buy Some Ethereum Once you have money deposited into your account, you'll be able to start buying Ethereum (or other cryptocurrencies) on the exchange. Each exchange works a little differently, but generally, you can expect to confirm your transactions, wait for them to go through, and then see the ether you've purchased show up in your account. Again, processing times will all differ from exchange to exchange, and will also depend on how many transactions you've requested. Most exchanges will limit the amount of cryptocurrency you can purchase at any given time. Step 5: Withdraw Your Ethereum into a Wallet This is one extra step that most users will probably want to take, to better secure their purchases. Withdrawing your Ethereum, or any other purchases you've made on an exchange, into an online wallet helps to protect your tokens from being stolen if the exchange is hacked, which can and does happen. A wallet is a place where you can store tokens privately; only you can see them and only you can access them (except in extreme cases when the wallet is compromised). You'll have to download and install a wallet with Ethereum capabilities in order to store your purchased ether and create an account for this as well. Once that's done, you'll be able to put your wallet account address into the exchange so that you can transfer your ether securely into your wallet. Generally speaking, if you've only purchased a small amount of Ethereum, it's probably better to just keep it in the exchange, so you don't have to pay a transaction fee to transfer it out (which may end up being more than the small amount of ether is worth). However, for larger purchases, you'd be better off securing it in your wallet. To sell your Ether, you will have to transfer it back to the exchange from your wallet. >>Ethereum Smart Contracts: What Are They & How Do They Work?
What should I be aware of when buying Ethereum?
Buying Ethereum is simple once you've followed the steps listed above. However, there are a few important things to note when considering purchasing it. All Ethereum transactions are final and non-exchangeable. That means, once you buy it, you can only get rid of it again by selling it in a second, separate transaction. Sometimes, Ethereum transactions will be invalid, such as when a user doesn't have enough funds to complete the transaction. In these cases, the transaction will not be completed and will therefore not be included in the Ethereum blockchain. On the reverse side of this, all completed (valid) transactions will be stored on the Ethereum blockchain, and they will live there permanently.
Where can I buy Ethereum?
As mentioned above, there are several exchanges where Ethereum can be bought (and sold). Although most exchanges work approximately the same as far as the steps go, not all exchanges do the same thing, and not all exchanges work at full capability in all countries. First and foremost, you want to ensure that you are signing up for an exchange that accepts Ethereum transactions. There are exchanges that allow you to sell Ether, which is what you want to use, but there are also platforms that only allow you to speculate on the price of Ethereum. These you'll want to avoid, assuming you actually want to buy Ether. An example of one of these is eToro. You won't have access to your coins on eToro, nor will you be able to send any coins to anybody else. Next, you'll want to make sure the exchange will work properly in your country. Below is a list of some of the most popular Ethereum-equipped exchanges. Coinbase Coinbase is one of the simplest exchanges to use, however it is not available in all countries, and in some countries, Coinbase doesn't allow you to trade Ethereum. Check what you can do on Coinbase first before getting an account. Coinbase allows you do use either a credit card or pay directly from your bank account. Once you've set up your payment method, you can click "Buy/Sell", select the amount you want, then click "Buy Ethereum" (or "Sell Ethereum"). Coinbase charges a 1.49-3.99% fee per transaction, with credit cards at a higher fee than wire transfers. Coinmama Coinmama sells Ethereum worldwide. You can buy Ethereum with your credit card, and the exchange rates aren't too bad. CEX.io CEX.io is another exchange that allows you to buy Ethereum with your credit card. Fees are included in the exchange rate, which is why they are higher than most other exchanges. CEX.io also works around the world. The steps for buying Ethereum from CEX.io are similar to those from Coinbase. Coinhouse Coinhouse only works for countries listed with the EU. You can buy Ethereum with your credit card, debit card, or with Neosurf. So there you have it!; the basics to start you on your Ethereum journey. Happy Buying! Featured Image: twitter


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John Oliver, on his Sunday Night show "Last Week Tonight," repeated the cell phone number that was publicly posted by Scott Angelle, director of BSEE, the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement – or, the bureau whose only job is to keep citizens safe from the drilling industry. Yet, read his resume. You see he has always worked to loosen any environmental oversight on Oil companies, even in the middle of the Deep Water Horizon disaster.
"This is sort of like hiring a rattlesnake to manage your hen-house. Patently ridiculous." –G. O. Fart
Why not call him? Do some research on him, and if it looks stinky to you like it does to me, call him. He offered his phone!
Scott Angelle
(571) 585-3730
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[Leonard Arrington]
I learned yesterday that there were at least two additional persons called in by their stake presidents in connection with the "inquisition" directed by Elder [Mark E.] Petersen. One was Tom Alexander, the other was (tho I did not hear it directly from him) probably Jim Allen. These two were "called in" before the public announcement of the inquisition in the Provo Herald. In neither case would the stake president say who had called him, but it was apparent that it was Elder Petersen. It was also apparent that they had been called in because they had contributed an article for Sunstone. So it was an inquisition of Sunstone more than of the individuals. In each case a number of questions had been asked about Sunstone and why they had contributed articles to it. ... Tom said he was upset about being called in and the stake president tried to reassure him that he would give back to Elder Petersen a very positive report. Tom said he would not hesitate, on this account, to continue to contribute articles to Sunstone and Dialogue.
[Confessions of a Mormon historian : the diaries of Leonard J. Arrington, 1971-1997, Gary James Bergera, editor, Signature Books, 2018]


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The discovery of men, who are believed to be Kurdish, in the back of a lorry in Wexford during the week shows the desperation that many asylum seekers feel. Willing to risk their lives for the smallest chance of safety in a new country, they face dangers that many of us here in Ireland will never have to even consider. Moving to a new country is stressful in and of itself. Now imagine fleeing war or persecution. Imagine paying everything you have in order for the chance to arrive in Europe and start anew. It's difficult to imagine ourselves in such a situation.
Yet this is the one that countless people find themselves in. They want a place of safety for them and their families. And in some cases they find what they are looking for here in Ireland. Should they be persecuted and lambasted for this? Of course not. But there are some who think otherwise.
After the discovery in Wexford there were those on Twitter who called for the men to be arrested and deported. One woman, who is apparently a barrister, took issue with the fact that the men were being "treated with compassion". She argued that "Compassion should be reserved for victims". Instead, the men were "Criminals" and "should be treated as such".
International law is very clear about the supposed criminality of the men in question. In short, they aren't criminals. Not by a long shot. In fact, international law makes it clear that people seeking asylum may have to break immigration laws. And what's more, they "should not be penalized for their illegal entry or stay".
But the narrative that haters of asylum seekers want to popularise is the opposite. They believe, and want others to believe, that we are being invaded by criminals who are seeking to undermine Irish society and culture. No philosophical or statistical argument will change their minds. Their ideology does not permit such flexibility.
Our own history will also not convince them. Irish history is replete with examples of our friends and relatives seeking out a new life on foreign shores. It's also filled with examples of these same relatives doing so illegally. How many of us know of someone who intentionally overstayed their visa in the US or Australia? And they weren't fleeing war, natural disasters, or persecution either. In the majority of cases they left Ireland and stayed in the US and Australia for economic reasons. We didn't condemn these people.
But if there are those who come to Ireland seeking asylum or simply want to move here for economic reasons then the same understanding does not extend to them. We should treat them as criminals; as lessers not deserving of a place to live a life in comfort and safety. It is the apotheosis of hypocrisy.
We should welcome those who arrive here and want to lead a life in peace. In fact, we should feel privileged that we can offer a new beginning for people regardless of where they originally come from. It isn't an easy task and the far right is doing everything it can to make it even more difficult. But we can succeed. And we'll be a better country and a better people for it.
Featured image via The Beacon


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Summer has well and truly come to an end but the good news is that fall & winter are always filled with countless outfit ideas to have lots of fun with. To most this season mean sitting by cozy fires with hot drinks, countryside walks whilst kicking rust colored leaves and of course getting our favourite woolly clothes and sweaters out of storage. Fall and winter provide endless exciting opportunities for fashion minded men and women to have lots of fun with. From Irish wool sweaters to hats and boots there is plenty be excited about.
Wrap up from the cold wintery weather with the very versatile aran sweater which has the ability to transform every outfit with effortless ease. It is one wardrobe staple that you don't want to be without this season. Whether you are catching up with friends over the weekend, on a family day out or dressing up for a night out this versatile sweater is suitable for so many occasions. Dress down with boyfriend jeans for a chic day time look or dress up with a waste belt, a stylish hat and skinny jeans on a night out.
Knitted in top quality merino wool, these stylish sweaters provide the utmost in comfortable chic. From Irish fisherman sweaters to wool cashmere aran sweaters for women and men get inspired by our top fall and winter ready outfit ideas which will give a head start on shopping for the season.


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You probably have an amazing goal right now.
We all have goals…
But we always say things like:
"I don't have enough time…" or
"If only I had enough money…"
And we give up on our goals.
Sometimes we get into ruts and we get stuck for a long, long time.
Some of us force ourselves to practice for 10 hours straight until the piano exam, then start to dread practicing.
(Playing the same passage for hours.)
You shouldn't be forcing yourself to do dreadful things… or dreading what you think you should love.
I've come up with a system that's tried-and-true, and I'm excited to share it with you!
It's 3 steps, and I first shared it with my students.
It works.
The system works for both piano teachers and piano students: if you're ready to play your way to your goals, then read on.
If you're looking to 'read for fun' and forget about it afterwards, then this isn't for you right now—don't waste my time or yours, please! :)
The 3-Step Goal
Want to play (almost) any piano music, no matter how much time you have or how "good" you are?
Want piano students to practice more, by doing just one thing? (Want to make yourself practice more with just one thing?)
What about read notes more quickly and sight read better?
Here's the cool thing about the 3-Step Goal:
It works for any goal, piano-related or not.
I'm showing it to you for free.
I use this in my own life and to teach piano.
Click here for the download link.
It's that powerful, and that awesome.
Yes, free, in exchange that you apply the 3-Step Goal to ONE goal. Just one. That's all I ask.
I don't usually share things like this here (publicly– it usually gets sent to my subscribers only), so I'm super excited to see what you come up with!
Here is the link to download the book.
Enjoy!Leave a comment below
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MBTI TYPES: ESTP, ESFP…(ES Types)
Food Type: The Detached And Determined Dieter
Exercise Type: The Climber
DIET Strength: Ambition
Power Skills (Level 1): S.M.A.R.T. Goals, Framing, Visualizing, and Mission Statements
Action Skills (Level 2): Realistic Expectations, Process Focus, and Contracting
Maintenance Skills (Level 3): Contingency Planning, Rule Setting, and Decision Making
Trouble with Food (habit): Being too controlled regarding food intake, viewing food as repulsive or having inherent social value
Emotional Eating Trigger: Shame Avoidance, Narcissism, Hostility, Anorexia and Bigorexia
Trouble with Exercise: Shortcuts, potions, body sculpting, cleansers
Trouble with Body Image: Sees body means for approval, image conscious, can repress or detach from body instincts for achievement
Typical Fitness Excuse: Fear of Failure so will not try, success in other areas deemed more important
Popular Enneagram authors commonly name Type Threes the Achiever, Performer or Status Seeker because they are adaptable, efficient, driven and charismatic. Type Threes are impressive in their ability to put aside their personal feelings about a situation and accomplish goals in an efficient and practical manner. They tend to rise to the top based half on their ability to work hard and adapt, and half on their charm, poise and diplomacy. They display confidence, professionalism and dedication that is often rewarded handsomely in the workplace. Type Threes value productivity and competence and envision making the world more efficient place. Type Threes focus their attention on tasks, goals, and recognition. Friends value them and seek them out for their adaptability, charm and winning attitude. You might be a Type Three if you have a stronger drive to succeed than most. You are also competitive, focused on efficiency, goals, and marketing yourself or your company.
Enneagram Type 3 Careers
Threes work hard to excel and often find their identity defined by their career path. They are driven to leave their mark and make significant contributions to their field. They are also motivated by success and long for admiration and from their peers. Threes feel best in a career with potential for promotion, advancement, a chance to shine, and a high salary ceiling. Although a Three is adaptable to any career field, archetypical careers include Salesperson, Attorney, Physician, Agent, Actor, Performer, Executive, and Politician. Threes tend to serve certain roles for others including the holder of practical knowledge and advice, an idol or mentor, a socialite and networker.
Negative Aspects and Weaknesses
Type Three's weaknesses and negative tendencies are associated with measuring themselves by external achievement and become focused on their image. They may neglect their inner-child, suppress their own inner desires and emotions in order to become what their parents or organization expects of them. They may work so hard at achievement that they are no longer aware of this inner-voice. Their chronic self-deception can lead to a life where the ends always justify the means and they are left with an empty or superficial emotional life.
Style of Impulse Control
Although weight gain always has a multi-faceted cause, it is helpful to look at the Big Five Personality Traits when analyzing Type Three. Threes score positively on "Conscientiousness" and "Extroversion," and tend to score negatively in "Agreeableness." These traits tend to translate into someone who has a strong ability to resist temptations. They oftentimes follow through with a plan even when they are stressed or under unfavorable conditions. They seek value through their accomplishments and are practiced at self-talk and visual imagery that keeps them from straying from their goals. If a Type Three is overweight, then it is usually that their goals have become unbalanced and more focused on career success over health.
Style of Activity
Type Threes are self-starter, go-getter, spark-plug types of people. They tend to exercise with a purpose with an end result in mind. They know what they want and often develop their own program to get the desired results. They are disciplined initiators who are productive and efficient in their activities. They prefer a structure to their activities and a stepwise path to a high achievement of which they can be proud. Type Threes are prone to advance to leadership positions like Type Eights and some Type Sevens. In the fitness realm, this may mean that Three's are the team captain or one that is leading by example for others to follow.
Leisure Style
Threes can be found getting out and being active of their own accord. Many Threes will not remember a time when they went 3 days without exercising or working out in some way. Being active in sports or individual challenging exercises is common for Threes. They enjoy competition and scenarios that bring out the best in themselves and may periodically participate in a mini-triathlon or half-marathon.
Enneagram Type 3 Fashion
Type Threes will make their image adaptable for any situation. They are very concerned with image and fashion if that is what is important to them. A businessman or woman may wear the most fashionable suit of the group. If they are understated then it is likely because it is appropriate for the situation. Type Threes will appear very professional. If appropriate they will wear the latest fashions, especially those that represent high status or achievement. If the Type Three is still dating or in a high profile job, then they will pay very close attention to the latest trends and styles that make them desirable. There fashion statement is, "look at me, I am desirable or clearly I am the best."
Tattoos and Accessories
If a type Three gets a tattoo is it usually to commemorate a lifetime achievement such as a marathon or Ironman competition.
Enneagram Type 3 At Home
Threes strive to active and their home is a representation of this achievement. They will want to have a big house that shows they have succeeded in life. They like to surround themselves with things that show their achievements or display photos of themselves with famous people. If they do not spend much time at home or if they do not plan on entertaining there then their decor will be highly practical, efficient and "Spartan."
Body Judgment
In terms of Body Judgment, Threes are overly harsh and constantly comparing themselves to others. They feel compelled to improve their bodies at any cost. Even though they are keenly aware of their physical appearance and desirability, they also learn to behave in attractive, cocky or seductive ways. Threes learn how to hide their faults and may never be seen out of the house without being "made up" or "presentable." One unhealthy problem relating to this harsh judgment is anorexia, bigorexia and preoccupation with cosmetic surgery or body cleansers. If the Three is unhealthy and overweight, then it is likely that they have shifted their judgment from physical success to monetary or workplace success.
Value and Self-Worth
Threes merge their inner self or identity with their external image. Their self-value and esteem, then, is based on their image and achievements causing them to lose track of their true identity. Type Threes sees the body as a means for obtaining approval and accomplishment. This merging of self and image leads Type Threes to be willing to work harder than most other types to achieve their goals. They have a strong ability to mentally detach and repress their physical instincts in order to endure pain and achieve their goals. This drive to achieve leads to shortcuts, potions, colon cleansers, and supplements that are often detrimental to their health. Also, their emotional relationships may stagnate due to their work focus. In terms of motivation for health, Threes are focused on image and if they look good on the outside then they are not concerned with what is on the inside (such as high cholesterol, or damage from steroids). In terms of shaping healthy behaviors in Type Threes, their prior successes create an arrogance that makes it hard to convince them that they are unhealthy or need to change. Indeed Type Threes may only be convinced about becoming healthy by framing overall health as performance enhancing, beautiful/handsome, contributing to their abilities to meet non-health goals, and making their productive years longer.
Threes are unemotional and practical about food. They can be highly rational and detached from the comforting or euphoric aspects of food. They can strongly control their psyche if they set their minds to it and can even be repulsed by food if it is contrary to their fitness goals. Some Threes have issues with anorexia or "big"orexia if they become fixated on their body image.
Enneagram Type 3 Favorite Foods
Many Threes may crave the types of food that they associate with success. This could be healthy food but most often it is food eaten during a fancy or celebratory meal. (Status Food) Presentation and setting may play a big role in their appetite. They relish in fine dining or status foods such as filet mignon, fine wine or champagne. Type Threes' problems with overeating tend to be eating on the run, and eating fast-food away from home or during business travel. They may not take the time to enjoy food due to work stress or may overeat at a fancy public occasion. The online book, "Your Fat, Your Fault," suggests that Type Three's food metaphor is that food is a status symbol.
Food Shopping Style
Oftentimes their grocery shopping is practical and no-nonsense. Threes know what they want and usually have a plan of attack. They usually do not get a lot of impulse buys along the way unless it is in relation to performance such as energy bars, caffeine, bulking powders, or body cleansers.
Meal Setting, Preparation, and Presentation
The common denominator in Threes' food setting, preparation or presentation is that whatever they set their mind to, it will be the best. It all depends on how they feel they will be judged. For themselves their meals may be practical and simple, but for others or for a party they may cook a highly elaborate dish with an abundance of extravagant food.
Food Decision Factors
They are Brand conscious if being viewed by someone else but otherwise are otherwise practical in their decisions. When eating out they choose what would be perceived as the most appropriate order for the social setting, the healthiest or the order that is the most prestigious.
Emotional Eating Pattern
Threes have a way of divorcing themselves from passionate eating. They seem to have more likelihood than other Types of looking at food objectively and foregoing food if needed. They tend to eat in a more controlled manner than most and are less likely to let themselves feel the same joyfulness surrounding food. They eat with a goal in mind of a weight or an appearance. Although there is always a spectrum from healthy to disordered eating patterns for each personality type, Threes unhealthy eating spectrum includes anorexia or "big"orexia — the male version of extreme body image control. If a Type Three is overweight, then weight is likely to be low on the priority list or will not affect their career progression. Threes also emotionally eat or withhold food when they find themselves not meeting up to the standard they have set for themselves.
Hidden Calories
Threes must beware that they can stack on a lot of calories with different performance enhancing foods and supplements. Caffeine drinks, protein shakes and energy bars all have calories that typically do not get counted.
Lifestyle Eating
Travel, business trips, eating on the road, and fast foods are the lifestyle calorie traps for Type Threes.
Ordering Style
When Threes are with a group they may order to impress, but alone they order more rationally.
Representative Meal
Type Three's foods or food settings that most represent them are food at a fancy restaurant such as a steak and lobster business dinner with important VIPs who are impressed by and praise the Three.
In regards to Types Threes adopting food changes into their diet — they are practical and conscientious and can put aside their temporary temptations for long-term gain.
Exercise Motivation
Threes are often concerned with image and notoriety. They enjoy any exercise that they feel makes them more attractive and competitive. This may include aerobic or anaerobic exercises and prolonged exercise skill development. They may dream of being an elite athlete and find themselves more drawn to physicality than other types.
Baseline Activity Level
Type Threes have a high basal energy expenditure. Oftentimes Threes are labeled as workaholics. Threes play as hard as they work and enjoy a much more elaborate leisure schedule than most. The key for the Three is to be sure their work and leisure goals are aligned with their fitness goals.
Favorite Exercise and Exercise Environment
Threes enjoy competition and being in the limelight. They tend to be physical push themselves to be the star player. Threes fear they will be shamed or not live up to the ideals that have been set in their minds. It seems that Threes meet their goals at a higher rate than most Enneagram Types as they are willing to sacrifice competing demands to achieve their goals. The key is that they review the goals in their life to be sure they are healthy goals. If they are working themselves "to death" then what is the point of the wealth or status they achieve. Their motivation to active is only as strong as the value they place on the outcome. If they place a stronger value on wealth then they are less likely to workout. Threes typically place a strong value on image and this often fuels males to be muscular and females to be skinny. The key is that they ensure their road to success is not marred with shortcuts like medications, steroids or plastic surgery. Threes enjoy social exercise or at least individual sports where competition is the goal. Threes are great at achieving their goals but will not seek health if it has no value for them. They may conveniently change the value they place on body image and fitness as they become unhealthy because they feel that health is unattainable. And if unhealthy people surround them, then they may not feel the pressure to attain a healthy goal. Threes may look to shortcuts or quick fixes that get them into trouble. Threes are practical and like an environment that is most conducive to attaining their goals, and they are not discouraged by rain and bad weather. Once they feel like they have achieved a modest success, they have no qualms about working out in public and demonstrating their skills to others. Until then, they may feel too ashamed to work out in public.
Exercise Personality Limitations
Threes fear failure and embarrassment. They try to avoid having others see their exercise limitations. Although Type Threes are highly extroverted they are so goal oriented that they may find themselves exercising alone in attempts to achieve their goals. They keep their goals and end states in their mind to drive them forward. When exercising with groups they push themselves to be the best. This comparison pressure is good, but it can be limiting if the workout partners are at a much lower fitness level. Sometimes the Three may back off their showy presence once they have established they are best in order to avoid inciting envy. They must be careful when they are looking for shortcuts in their physical achievements such as diet pills, potions, body sculpting, cleansers or surgery.
Threes are dedicated to their goals. They are vigilant in their quest for achievement. If a Type Three has become overweight or unhealthy it is because they have had priorities in other areas of their life — not because they failed at their health attempts or goals. It is because their heart wasn't in it.
Although Threes usually have a goal in mind, they also enjoy variety and exercising with others in team events. Examples include a pick-up game of football with the neighbors, volleyball or mountain biking with a friend. These leisure activities are kept separate from their self-made physical goals.
In terms of intensity, Threes have an uncanny ability to push themselves. This is heightened by a sense of competition and their surrounding competitors.
Threes sabotage health goals with work and worldly success goals. They may constantly add additional pressures at work by taking on more and more duties. They may find themselves traveling and eating on the road being unable to devote time to exercise.
Pre-Exercise Anxiety
Before an exercise event they may have some pre-performance anxiety if others are watching or if they are unprepared. Threes must beware when their fears of being ashamed keep them from exercising at all and become a self-fulfilling prophecy. Otherwise, if they are fit, then they relish in the ability to show off their physical state.
Exercise Performance Anxiety
Once they are exercising or performing Threes feel a strong pressure to succeed. This pressure helpful for Threes who are fit, but it can be damaging to an unfit Three who is about to be shamed by his or her group. Threes look for an "out" or something on which they can blame for their lack of performance such as "this gym causes my asthma to act up."
Post-Performance Guilt
Threes oftentimes walk away from an event thinking that they should have done better or feeling ashamed despite giving it their maximum intensity. This shame is much stronger than other types feel and plays a role in their continued motivation. It also plays a role in their willingness to cut corners for success. Even if they were successful, it wasn't a true success unless someone was impressed or showed approval.
Learn About Diet Strengths and Skills for Type Three
By Dr. Scott Harrington


text: David Bloch is a creative powerhouse, having worked on productions like the South African National Tour of 'West Side Story' and hit musical 'La Cage Aux Follies' under the directorship of Janice Honeyman, in various capacities. Gareth gets to know him better as they discuss the performance industry which includes working with clients, keeping an image up and creating boundaries with work. Discover why, in retrospect, he's glad he didn't move to Hollywood, plus his thoughts on the Harvey Weinstein scandal. David chats about some of the celebrities he's worked with like David Blaine and Roberta Flack, and how his philanthropic work matters to him. On a personal note, he opens up about going through surrogacy and dealing with 11 failed pregnancies.


text:
Diane von Furstenberg is dishing out some invaluable dating advice to New York women, "It is not cute to be needy and chase after a man. The man should be chasing you."
The fashion designer discussed how to be single in the city — often said to have a shortage of men— as she lent her flagship Manhattan boutique to shoe designer Chloe Gosselin for a CG pop-up shop.
Von Furstenberg, who has been married to business mogul Barry Diller since 2001, said, "I don't know if there is a shortage of men in New York. I am not looking anymore. The question is, are you having fun? That is all that matters. Then you meet the right one, so just have fun. Getting married is not the goal — the most important relationship you have in life is with yourself. Once you have that, every other relationship is a plus and not a must. It is not cute to be needy and chase after a man. The man should be chasing you."
As a successful businesswoman, she also added some extra advice to women about achieving their life goals, "I love being a woman … But I wanted to have a man's life in a woman's body, and I did that very early on. I want every woman to have that," she told Page Six.


text:
Responding to the Autumn Statement, the British Retail Consortium (BRC) chief executive Helen Dickinson described it as 'a statement of stocking fillers rather than expensive presents'.
She commented: "With a post-Brexit slowdown forecast to make a big hole in public finances, there was little room for the Chancellor to pull out any real crackers. The key takeaway from the statement is that whilst Brexit has not heralded the economic decline some feared, the OBR (Office for Budget Responsibility) is expecting a significant dent in UK GDP (Gross Domestic Product), and hence in consumer spending also.
"As expected, the OBR has revised downwards its March forecast of growth and that means lower growth in consumer spending in the medium term. Whilst the UK economy as a whole will grow 1.4% in 2017 and 1.7% in 2018, household consumption is predicted to grow at just 1.2% next year and 1.1% the following year. This is a significant shift downwards from 2.2% this year.
"The freeze in fuel duty, the abolition of letting fees and the confirmation of the increase in the personal allowance will provide some relief, particularly to families on tight budgets. However, the measures announced today will do little to offset the overall expected reduction in spending growth.
"At the same time, the devaluation of the pound will feed through into higher prices. The OBR predict inflation is likely to average 2.3% next year, meaning that each pound in consumers' pockets will buy less, with wage growth only just about keeping up.
"Whilst the outlook is not as bad as some predicted that it could have been in the wake of the EU referendum, the next few years will be challenging for the industry. Whilst shoppers' spending power is falling, retailers will almost certainly have to absorb some of the underlying cost increases into their margins, rather than fully pass them on. As a result, retailers are likely to see slower volume growth at lower margins next year.
"For an industry with around 5% of its expenditure on transport services, the freeze in fuel duty will ease some pressure. However, compared to the coming increases in business rates and the National Living Wage, its impact will be virtually unnoticeable.
"If there was one missed opportunity to help boost growth and investment, it was the absence of further measures to reform the business rates system."
On infrastructure spending
The transition of retail to higher productivity will require significant investment. That's why the BRC supports the decision to prioritise local infrastructure initiatives, as well large scale projects. There is an opportunity for the new National Productivity Investment Fund to make a difference here. Details of its funding structure will be keenly awaited.
We welcome the £1.1bn of funding for key pinch points on strategic roads, recognising that small, but targeted amounts targeted can make a big difference to retailers transporting everyday goods 24/7 on the UK's road network.
Additional funding for Local Enterprise Partnerships should help to support local growth and better-decision making.
On investing in digital infrastructure
Addressing the success of the high street requires consideration of the revolutionary impact of digital technologies – on the behaviour of consumers who might frequent high streets, and the competitiveness of high street retailers. Therefore, the announcement of £1bn in new digital infrastructure including 5G will be welcome by shop owners and consumers across the UK.
On the National Living Wage increase
It is positive that the Chancellor has listened to an independent Low Pay Commission with his decision to introduce a sensible increase to the National Living Wage (NLW) from £7.20 to £7.50 per hour. The retail industry supports the NLW, which is why many retailers go above and beyond the legal requirement by paying it to staff aged under 25, as well as older colleagues.
On business rates and corporation tax
Business rates have risen disproportionately in comparison to other taxes such as Corporation Tax, with a lasting impact on high streets and town centres. Rates, which are disproportionately impacting property intensive industries such as retail, have steadily increased from approximately one-third of annual rental value to one half.
In this context, the Chancellor has missed an opportunity to keep up the momentum behind the reforming of the business rates system by bringing down the burden of rates for retailers. The retail industry will be encouraging the Chancellor to look again at measures to help alleviate the pain felt on the high street. Despite recent reform measures, retailers are expected to pay £550m more in rates than they today.
BRC chief executive Helen Dickinson


text:
circa 1890s - 1910s
Standing Flat with 3-D Feature
moving eyes are suspended on string
Signed Bonte
printed by Ernest Nister
E P Dutton and Co.
Printed in Bavaria
marked: No. 1889
George also did a 1905 calendar (another work published by Nister) called The Coon Calendar for 1905. In an ad for Dutton's calendars in The Churchman, Volume 90 of Dec 3rd, 1904 The Coon Calendar is described as: "Thirteen pages of humorous negro types by Willard Bonte. One of the best and most humorous ideas of the year."
Bonte was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on May 16th, 1873. By 1899, he was an artist on the staff of Outing Magazine. He was by this time living in New York, New York. Bonte dabbled in political cartooning, including an image with poem in the Lexington Herald of May 1916, regarding German U-boats in support of the US entering WWI. Much of his time was undoubtedly consumed by his role as Art Director of the New York Herald from 1906 - 1920. He died March 3, 1946 after seeing the world emerge from yet another massive war.
circa 1900s - 1910s
Flat with Easel Stand
Signed 'B'
Artist Series
Marked: Publishers to Their Majesties
I have not yet confirmed that this is by Bonte, but strongly suspect that it is.


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Getting rich is something that most people dream of. Who wouldn't want to have more than enough money to buy whatever they like and go wherever they want to, right? Some individuals have got the formula of getting rich and successful down pat. But there are more out there who are just confused. Here are a few tips and suggestions …Read More »
7 Brilliant Hacks for Saving Hundreds Every Month
If you live alone and find yourself constantly worrying about monthly expenses, don't worry, everyone goes through it. There are certain things that you can do to save and maximize your resources, you just have to keep an open mind and be aware of the pitfalls in overspending. 1. Share a House This is very practical. Go find a colleague …Read More »
8 Ways You Can Save Money by Going Green
Many people think that going environmentally friendly means spending more or investing a lot of money. But that is not true. There are many tried and tested ways that we can save money and take care of the environment at the same time. 1. Fuel Savings Bike your way to work instead of riding a cab or driving your car. …Read More »
5 Shocking Hidden Costs of Hospital Visits
Visiting the hospital is often a traumatic event in our life. We wonder about the status of our health, how it will impact our lives and the lives of our family. But there is something else that many people worry about – the cost it entails after visiting the hospital. This issue makes it even worse because more and more …Read More »
Top 6 Most Fuel Efficient Cars
We are all well aware that gasoline prices could rise any moment, so consumers are no longer just looking for a nice design but for fuel efficiency as well. Car manufacturers are now taking one step further by combining fuel efficiency, nice design, and great performance in their latest models. Get more for your money with these 6 most fuel …Read More »
Financial Advice from the Richest Man in the World
Warren Buffet is a man who knows how to make a fortune and at age 85 his net worth is estimated at an astonishing $72.3 billion dollars. Besides planning to donate 85% of his fortune to charity, for years now he has been kind enough to share advice with all of us. Here are the 11 best pieces of advice …Read More »
How Much Rent Is Your Top Limit?
Every month, people give a portion of their income for their rent. Before you start looking for an apartment, it is important that you determine how much you can spend on a monthly basis. The common and basic computation in determining your maximum rent budget is 30% of your annual income. However, there is more than that single number to …Read More »
13 Ways to Beat the Overall High Cost of Living
In this economy it is sometimes amazing how we manage to pay our bills and still have some money to spare. Maybe even go on a vacation once a year. People who can still put some money on the side after sorting out all the bills can consider themselves lucky. Not all of us can say that; not all of …Read More »
7 Little Money Hacks That Will Save You a Lot
Managing money can be stressful especially if you keep finding yourself broke. Today's economy requires some little money hacks to help you save a lot and keep your wallet happy. There are a number of ways you can cut down your spending and stretch that well-earned dollar. Here are some money hacks you can do. Drop Soda and Daily Coffee …Read More »
How to Ask for That Long Overdue Pay Raise
In today's economy, your salary should be meeting your needs, however sometimes it just doesn't catch up with the rising cost of living. Asking for a raise is nerve-wracking for any employee. According to Salary.com, a 4% raise every three years can increase your lifetime total earnings by more than a million. If you think you deserve that long overdue …Read More »


text:
This month H and I finally decided that if we wanted her to stay home with our daughter (still undecided) that we would need to live off of one income and bank the other. We gave it a trial run for this month, and aside from doctor bills that we paid related to our now deceased son, everything went well. We lived on a fairly low amount (subtracting savings) and still had a pretty enjoyable month.
I didnt get an elk this year, but H's dad did, and since I helped him pull it out (~4 miles) he gave me quite a bit of it, which was really nice. We were running low on meat since I've had an awful hunting season. I'll be spending quite a bit of time coming up here processing all of that.
Mortgage $111,993 (-551). Just the normal payment here. This note goes down by about 550/mo, which for now is acceptable. H and I talked about goals and savings for 2014 and once we meet our emergency fund goals, we can start paying this down more aggressively.
Student Loan
Great Lakes Loan $ 6,211 (-$169) After talking with H, we decided to get rid of this last bit of non-mortgage debt. I bumped up the auto-pay to $400/mo, and if things go well with our increased savings goals, may make it $500 per month.
Total Debt: $ 118,204
I've decided to add our savings accounts to the mix. Currently, We have 4, and I have a Roth IRA. Both H and I (s0rt of) expect to get pensions if we stay with our current employers and retire with them. That being said, I'm not really one to trust all that, so we are looking at having a significant nest egg when we do end up retiring. We keep our savings accounts with capital one 360. We've used an online bank for over 5 years, and have had no problems with the at all. They pay the best (meager) rates of all the accounts we've found, so if you're interested in getting a bit better rate, sign up with capital one now.
Kid Savings $6,077 (+$254) – This account is for expenses incurred related to the birth of our daughter. Honestly, I dont really know when to stop contributing to this account and move those contributions elsewhere, so for now this is going to continue at this level (or more, I may have bumped it up earlier this year)
House $1,525 (+$175) – This was probably the biggest loser (and the only loser) during the savings reshuffle. I knocked $50 per month off the contributions to this account, because right now we really are not doing many house projects, and dont have anything big planned (yet anyway). H is talking about finishing the basement, but since she's pregnant, that means I'll be doing it. Not sure when i'll make time for that.
Emergency Fund $5,708 (+107) – This was one of the big winners when I redid our savings levels and withdraw rates at the beginning of the year. I increased contributions to this by 3x. Once this gets to 10-12k, we will call this done, and start directing funds to
Vacation $176 (+25) – Savings account for vacations – it grows very slowly at the moment, and when we went to alaska, it was fairly depleted. This was another big winner, with the contributions to this account increasing by 5x. Hopefully, it will grow fast, but given the fact that we have a child on the way, we probably wont be tapping this anytime soon.
This is going pretty good. I've been getting back into going to the gym after taking most of december off, and I've really started getting better at eating better. Something that I've always tried, and pretty much failed at wholesale. Soon, I'm going to do a whole30 challenge. I'm looking forward to the results from that to see where to take it in the future. I'll start writing about the challenge, the parameters and why I'm doing it in the future (I'll be starting in the middle of next month)


text:
The Priest Who Stole Christmas
- December 25th, 2008
- Posted by Amelia Birnie
An Italian Catholic priest is facing severe criticism from parents, as a prize meanie, for telling their children that Father Christmas does not really exist.
Father Dino Bottino, the parish priest of the Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Novara, Northern Italy, let out the secret at a children's mass earlier this month.
A local paper published complaints from dozens of parents.
"You've ruined my children's Christmas," said one mother.
But an unrepentant Father Bottino called it his duty to set the record straight.
"I told the children that Father Christmas was an invention that had nothing to do with the Christian Christmas story," he said.
"And I would repeat it again, if I had the chance," he added.
In addition to denying the existence of Santa, Father Bottino also told children at his mass that the kindly witch called Befana, who provides Italian children with presents on 6 January, is not real either.
The priest said he had never intended to hurt anyone, but it was his duty to distinguish the reality of Jesus from the story of Father Christmas which was a fairy tale just like Cinderella or Snow White.
David Willey, "Priest 'ruins Christmas' for kids", BBC News, Rome, 23.12.2008


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Note: Today I have something rare and special for you. Usually the articles are short here, hence the name: mini blog. But Steve Pavlina wrote 33 awesome tips for productivity, and then 33 more, and a final 33, so I have taken all three of these articles and combined them into 99 rules to boost your productivity. Take it away, Steve!
Heuristics are rules intended to help you solve problems. When a problem is large or complex, and the optimal solution is unclear, applying a heuristic allows you to begin making progress towards a solution even though you can't visualize the entire path from your starting point.
Suppose your goal is to climb to the peak of a mountain, but there's no trail to follow. An example of a heuristic would be: Head directly towards the peak until you reach an obstacle you can't cross. Whenever you reach such an obstacle, follow it around to the right until you're able to head towards the peak once again. This isn't the most intelligent or comprehensive heuristic, but in many cases it will work just fine, and you'll eventually reach the peak.
Heuristics don't guarantee you'll find the optimal solution, nor do they generally guarantee a solution at all. But they do a good enough job of solving certain types of problems to be useful. Their strength is that they break the deadlock of indecision and get you into action. As you take action you begin to explore the solution space, which deepens your understanding of the problem. As you gain knowledge about the problem, you can make course corrections along the way, gradually improving your chances of finding a solution. If you try to solve a problem you don't initially know how to solve, you'll often figure out a solution as you go, one you never could have imagined until you started moving. This is especially true with creative work such as software development. Often you don't even know exactly what you're trying to build until you start building it.
Heuristics have many practical applications, and one of my favorite areas of application is personal productivity. Productivity heuristics are behavioral rules (some general, some situation-specific) that can help us get things done more efficiently. Here are some of my favorites:
- Nuke it! The most efficient way to get through a task is to delete it. If it doesn't need to be done, get it off your to do list.
- Daily goals. Without a clear focus, it's too easy to succumb to distractions. Set targets for each day in advance. Decide what you'll do; then do it.
- Worst first. To defeat procrastination learn to tackle your most unpleasant task first thing in the morning instead of delaying it until later in the day. This small victory will set the tone for a very productive day.
- Peak times. Identify your peak cycles of productivity, and schedule your most important tasks for those times. Work on minor tasks during your non-peak times.
- No-comm zones. Allocate uninterruptible blocks of time for solo work where you must concentrate. Schedule light, interruptible tasks for your open-comm periods and more challenging projects for your no-comm periods.
- Mini-milestones. When you begin a task, identify the target you must reach before you can stop working. For example, when working on a book, you could decide not to get up until you've written at least 1000 words. Hit your target no matter what.
- Timeboxing. Give yourself a fixed time period, like 30 minutes, to make a dent in a task. Don't worry about how far you get. Just put in the time. See Timeboxing for more.
- Batching. Batch similar tasks like phone calls or errands into a single chunk, and knock them off in a single session.
- Early bird. Get up early in the morning, like at 5am, and go straight to work on your most important task. You can often get more done before 8am than most people do in a day.
- Cone of silence. Take a laptop with no network or WiFi access, and go to a place where you can work flat out without distractions, such as a library, park, coffee house, or your own backyard. Leave your comm gadgets behind.
- Tempo. Deliberately pick up the pace, and try to move a little faster than usual. Speak faster. Walk faster. Type faster. Read faster. Go home sooner.
- Relaxify. Reduce stress by cultivating a relaxing, clutter-free workspace. See 10 Ways to Relaxify Your Workspace.
- Agendas. Provide clear written agendas to meeting participants in advance. This greatly improves meeting focus and efficiency. You can use it for phone calls too.
- Pareto. The Pareto principle is the 80-20 rule, which states that 80% of the value of a task comes from 20% of the effort. Focus your energy on that critical 20%, and don't overengineer the non-critical 80%.
- Ready-fire-aim. Bust procrastination by taking action immediately after setting a goal, even if the action isn't perfectly planned. You can always adjust course along the way.
- Minuteman. Once you have the information you need to make a decision, start a timer and give yourself just 60 seconds to make the actual decision. Take a whole minute to vacillate and second-guess yourself all you want, but come out the other end with a clear choice. Once your decision is made, take some kind of action to set it in motion.
- Deadline. Set a deadline for task completion, and use it as a focal point to stay on track.
- Promise. Tell others of your commitments, since they'll help hold you accountable.
- Punctuality. Whatever it takes, show up on time. Arrive early.
- Gap reading. Use reading to fill in those odd periods like waiting for an appointment, standing in line, or while the coffee is brewing. If you're a male, you can even read an article while shaving (preferably with an electric razor). That's 365 articles a year.
- Resonance. Visualize your goal as already accomplished. Put yourself into a state of actually being there. Make it real in your mind, and you'll soon see it in your reality.
- Glittering prizes. Give yourself frequent rewards for achievement. See a movie, book a professional massage, or spend a day at an amusement park.
- Quad 2. Separate the truly important tasks from the merely urgent. Allocate blocks of time to work on the critical Quadrant 2 tasks, those which are important but rarely urgent, such as physical exercise, writing a book, and finding a relationship partner.
- Continuum. At the end of your workday, identify the first task you'll work on the next day, and set out the materials in advance. The next day begin working on that task immediately.
- Slice and dice. Break complex projects into smaller, well-defined tasks. Focus on completing just one of those tasks.
- Single-handling. Once you begin a task, stick with it until it's 100% complete. Don't switch tasks in the middle. When distractions come up, jot them down to be dealt with later.
- Randomize. Pick a totally random piece of a larger project, and complete it. Pay one random bill. Make one phone call. Write page 42 of your book.
- Insanely bad. Defeat perfectionism by completing your task in an intentionally terrible fashion, knowing you need never share the results with anyone. Write a blog post about the taste of salt, design a hideously dysfunctional web site, or create a business plan that guarantees a first-year bankruptcy. With a truly horrendous first draft, there's nowhere to go but up.
- 30 days. Identify a new habit you'd like to form, and commit to sticking with it for just 30 days. A temporary commitment is much easier to keep than a permanent one. See 30 Days to Success for details.
- Delegate. Convince someone else to do it for you.
- Cross-pollination. Sign up for martial arts, start a blog, or join an improv group. You'll often encounter ideas in one field that can boost your performance in another.
- Intuition. Go with your gut instinct. It's probably right.
- Optimization. Identify the processes you use most often, and write them down step-by-step. Refactor them on paper for greater efficiency. Then implement and test your improved processes. Sometimes we just can't see what's right in front of us until we examine it under a microscope.
- Super Slow. Commit yourself to working on a particularly hideous project for just one session a week, 15-30 minutes total. Declutter one small shelf. Purge 10 clothing items you don't need. Write a few paragraphs. Then stop.
- Dailies. Schedule a specific time each day for working on a particular task or habit. One hour a day could leave you with a finished book, or a profitable Internet business a year later.
- Add-ons. Tack a task you want to habitualize onto one of your existing habits. Water the plants after you eat lunch. Send thank-you notes after you check email.
- Plug-ins. Inject one task into the middle of another. Read while eating lunch. Return phone calls while commuting. Listen to podcasts while grocery shopping.
- Gratitude. When someone does you a good turn, send a thank-you card. That's a real card, not an e-card. This is rare and memorable, and the people you thank will be eager to bring you more opportunities.
- Training. Train up your skill in various productivity habits. Get your typing speed to at least 60wpm, if not 90. Learn to speed-read or PhotoRead. Develop your communication skills.
- Software. Take advantage of productivity software to boost your effectiveness.
- Zone out. Enter the zone of peak creativity, and watch your output soar. See 7 Rules for Maximizing Your Creative Output.
- Denial. Just say no to non-critical requests for your time.
- Recapture. Reclaim other people's poor time usage for yourself. Visualize your goals during dull speeches. Write out your grocery list during pointless meetings.
- Mastermind. Run your problem past someone else, preferably a group of people. Invite all the advice, feedback, and constructive criticism you can handle.
- Twenty. Take a piece of paper, number 1-20, and don't stop until you've listed 20 creative ideas for improving your productivity. See 20 Ways to Improve.
- Challenger. Deliberately make the task harder. Challenging tasks are more engaging than boring ones. Compose an original poem for your next blog post. Create a PowerPoint presentation that doesn't use words.
- Asylum. Complete an otherwise tedious task in an unusual or crazy manner to keep it interesting. Make phone calls using pretend foreign accents. Fill out government paperwork in crayon.
- Music. Experiment to discover how music may boost your productivity. Try fast-paced music for email, classical or new age for project work, and total silence for high-concentration creative work.
- Scotty. Estimate how long a task will take to complete. Then start a timer, and push yourself to complete it in half that time.
- Pay it forward. When an undesirable task is delegated to you, re-delegate it to someone else.
- Bouncer. When a seemingly pointless task is delegated to you, bounce it back to the person who assigned it to you, and challenge them to justify its operational necessity.
- Opt-out. Quit clubs, projects, and subscriptions that consume more of your time than they're worth.
- Decaffeinate. Say no to drugs, suffer through the withdrawal period, and let your natural creative self re-emerge. See How to Give Up Coffee.
- Triage. Save the lives of your important projects by killing those that are going to die anyway.
- Conscious procrastination. Delay non-critical tasks as long as you possibly can. Many of them will die on you and won't need to be done at all.
- TV-free. Turn off the TV, especially the news, and recapture many usable hours.
- Timer. Time all your tasks for an entire day, preferably a week. Even the act of measuring itself can boost your productivity, not to mention what you learn about your real time usage. See Triple Your Personal Productivity.
- Valor. Pick the one item on your task list that scares you the most. Muster all the courage you can, and tackle it immediately.
- Nonconformist. Run errands at unpopular times to avoid crowds. Shop just before stores close or shortly after they open. Take advantage of 24-hour outlets if you're a vampire.
- Agoraphobia. Shop online whenever possible. Get the best selection, consult reviews, and purchase items within minutes.
- Reminder. Add birthday and holiday reminders to your calendar a month or two ahead of their actual dates. Buy gifts then instead of at the last minute.
- Do it now! Recite this phrase over and over until you're so sick of it that you cave in and get to work.
- Inspiration. Read inspiring books and articles, listen to audio programs, and attend seminars to keep absorbing inspiring new ideas (as well as to refresh yourself on the old ones).
- Gym rat. Exercise daily. Boost your metabolism, concentration, and mental clarity in 30 minutes a day.
- Lovey dovey. Romantic love will spur you on to greater heights, if for no other reason than to persuade your partner you aren't such a loser after all.
- Troll hunt. Banish the negative trolls from your life, and associate only with positive, happy, and successful people. Mindsets are contagious. Show loyalty to your potential, not to your pity posse.
- Halliburton. Cut corners to save time and money when the outcome is mainly for show anyway. If it looks good, it is good. It's easier to manufacture excuses than results.
- Nuke.XML. Split your RSS feeds into two lists: those that help boost your productivity vs. those that taketh it away. Force yourself to unsubscribe from all the feeds in the second list. You won't miss them. Just be sure this blog makes the first list.
- Evil eye. Practice your best evil eye in a mirror, and use it liberally on anyone who enters your space to interrupt you.
- Vulcan logic. Ask for a part-time assistant by explaining to your boss that you're being paid $25/hour to do $10/hour tasks, which is costing your employer a lot of money.
- Voodoo. Display voodoo replicas of your boss and co-workers on your desk, labeled with their names. Whenever you overhear someone complaining of health problems (headache, upset stomach, runny nose, etc), stick a pin into the corresponding part of their doll. Then call them over to your workspace for some unrelated reason.
- Scooby snacks. Grab a bowl of your favorite snacks, such as grapes, tamari almonds, or Trader Joe's Oriental Rice Crackers. Eat one piece for each microbial piece of work you complete. One bite per sentence. One bite per line of code. One bite per email. Ranks, Raggy.
- Iraqi Freedom. When you're bleeding time and money on a project that's spiraling out of control, when morale is in the toilet, and when you can't even get yourself to believe your own lies anymore, that's the best time to go on vacation.
- WoW.die.die.die. Give online gaming a rest, and re-invest that energy into your real life, which is probably suffocating beneath a pile of dead, smelly orcs.
- Politician. Throw money at your problems until they succumb. Either this will work, or you'll put your successor in such a crippled position that they can't do any better.
- Upgrade. Modernize your tools — a faster computer, a better PDA, a hotter girlfriend.
- Coach. Hire a personal coach to keep yourself motivated, focused, and accountable. After several months of pep talks, you'll be qualified to start your own coaching practice.
- Proactive. Just do it, and deal with the consequences later. It's easier to request forgiveness than permission.
- Polyphasic. Six naps a day keeps your laziness at bay. You can catch up on sleep when you're dead. See Polyphasic Sleep for details.
- Captain Kirk. If you boldly and brazenly act like you know what you're doing, people will assume it's true. Use this strategy to get promoted to the point where you can delegate all your work to those who really know what they're doing. Orion slave girls are standing by.
- Hyundai. Lower your standards, and just get it done anyway you can.
- Saturn. Dictate the terms you want as totally non-negotiable, and make them sound as generous as you can. But at the first sign of resistance, cave in immediately and agree to re-negotiate everything.
- Blockade. Slide a heavy piece of furniture in front of your office door. When drop-in visitors complain they can't get in, tell them you're refactoring your office for greater productivity.
- Eye for an eye. Punish those who add tasks to your plate by filling their plates with even more.
- Bait. Put candy dishes on everyone's desk but your own.
- Quagmire. Fill out and mail a generous assortment of business reply cards in your boss' name, checking the "bill me later" boxes. A few dozen magazine subscriptions and some Franklin Mint collections ought to slow him down a bit. A new Civil War chess piece every month means he'll be playing chess in under 3 years.
- End run. Suggest to your boss' boss that your boss is overworked and needs more help. If you implement the previous tip, this will likely be true.
- Fasting. Digest information, not food.
- Toddler. Throw a tantrum until someone finally solves the problem for you.
- Armageddon. Use Overwhelming Force to totally dominate your problem. Treat your molehill like a mountain. Use a bazooka to kill a cockroach. Send a real human being to serve in Congress.
- Model. Find people who are already getting the results you want, interview them, and model their attitudes, beliefs, and behavior. Then you'll have someone to blame when things go wrong.
- The Secret. Use the Law of Attraction to manifest the done-ness of your project.
- Illuminati. Form a secret society to ensure that things always go your way. Eventually take over the planet to guarantee you'll never have to work again.
- PMS. Accept the fact that you can still get your work done even when you're pissed at everything.
- Anakin. Would your problems be easier to solve if you turned evil? The dark side beckons…
- Spammer. Sign up for a free email account, and subscribe to every e-zine, e-newsletter, and mailing list you can find. The shadier the better. Once you've completed all the double opt-in processes, set that account to forward to your boss' email.
- Steve Jobs. On the rare occasions you actually do manage to get something done, talk it up like a madman. Say "This is huge!" to everyone you meet. People will assume you're 10x as productive as you are.
- Guru. Instead of doing your actual work, spend most of your time reading productivity blogs. Within a few months, you'll have acquired enough knowledge to start your own. Eventually you'll realize that 50% of the web consists of productivity tips written by chronic procrastinators. The other 50% is porn.
- Uber-Guru. Stick with the first 50%.
The last 33 are a bit sillier and less politically correct than the first two volumes — I had to stretch to come up with more ideas — but many are still valid in certain situations. Just be sure to take them with a grain of salt.
I assume no liability for anyone who actually tries to apply these.
This set of articles originally appeared on StevePavlina.com.
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A Gun Trust is a carefully drafted document which creates something that can legally hold title/own your firearms. Like all trusts, there must be a trustee (who controls the firearms owned by the trust) and at least one beneficiary (who may benefit from the use of the firearms owned by the trust).
With regard to the first point, the National Firearms Act (Title II of the Gun Control Act) governs the transfer and possession of certain types of weapons and their components, including machine guns, silencers, the "drop in Auto Sear" which converts a semi-automatic AR-15 into a fully automatic machine gun, among others. These "Title II" weapons are highly regulated and they must be registered with the ATF. The "transfer", which is broadly defined, of these Title II weapons requires the filing of a form and approval by ATF, paying a transfer tax, and registering the weapon to the transferee with the NFRTR. Because "transfer" is so broadly defined merely handing or allowing a friend to fire a Title II weapon registered in your name, could open you both up to FELONY prosecution.
A Gun Trust can be drafted so that you and your friends and family can safely enjoy the use of these Title II weapons without the risk of accidental felonies. Furthermore, a well-drafted gun trust will outline who is prohibited from EVER possessing a Title II weapon in any capacity, again preventing the risk of additional accidental felonies with lifelong and life-altering consequences.
With regard to the second point above, whether you own Title II weapons or more common firearms (those not regulated as Title II weapons), a well-drafted Gun Trust can be an important component of your estate planning. Again, it can prevent your estate administrator, who may or may not be knowledgeable about firearms and firearm laws and regulations, from committing or causing others to unknowingly commit accidental felonies.
Additionally, a Gun Trust drafted to meet your specific needs can prevent your children, family, and friends from fighting over who gets "Dad's Guns". Furthermore, in instances where your possible heirs have no interest in your gun collection, a Gun Trust can provide an avenue to either turn your guns into liquid assets to be passed down or put them to a creative use that will provide a living legacy to you and your collection.
For these reasons, every gun owner should consider whether and in what way a well-drafted Gun Trust can prevent accidental felonies or simplify the administration of one's estate upon passing, which will significantly decrease the burden left on your family and loved ones.
Establishing a Gun Trust is not difficult and extremely affordable. Contact us today to schedule a consultation.
Russell Kruse, Tucker Griffin Barnes P.C., 434-973-7474 www.TGBLaw.com
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Odemwingie to start as in strong Nigeria squad
Tuesday, 3 June 201418:48 / by Colin Udoh
In what should be a direct opposite of what he did against Scotland, Nigeria coach Stephen Keshi should name a strong team to face Greece.
The Super Eagles play the former European champions at Philadelphia's PPL Park on Tuesday night, and with his World Cup squad now finalized, the Nigeria coach will look to test out what should be close to his first team.
Vincent Enyeama should return in goal, with Godfrey Oboabona and Kenneth Omeruo starting out in central defense.
Upfront is where Keshi may tinker some. Osaze Odemwingie could start ahead of alongside Emmanuel Emenike, with Ahmed Musa keeping his place at right forward.
Kickoff is at 7PM local time (midnight Nigeria time)
Possible line up
Enyeama, Oboabona, Omeruo, Echiejile, Ambrose; Onazi, Mikel, Musa, Moses; Odemwingie, Emenike
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