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We're both happily married law professors who followed the same trajectory. We graduated from college, became established in our professions, got married, and had children. Our children and most of our friends have followed the same pattern. Our family experiences might be typical of the college-educated professionals around us – but not at all typical for large segments of the American public.
In the middle of the 20th century, during a period of more widely shared prosperity, almost everyone in the United States married. There were some differences. African-American women were a bit more likely to marry and at younger ages than white women, and college graduates were a bit less likely to marry than high-school graduates. But the similarities across class lines were striking. The age of marriage dropped in the generation after the Second World War, across the spectrum. For all Americans, divorce rates and non-marital birth rates were low, children overwhelmingly grew up in two-parent families, and white- and blue-collar couples alike wanted three to four children.
Like marriage age and divorce rates and ideal family size, family law in the post-war decades grew increasingly national. The US Supreme Court insisted that states modernise their treatment of unmarried fathers, women gained more equal rights and, in 1970 with the support of President Richard Nixon, the US Congress voted on a bipartisan basis to fund contraception access. Throughout the US, family life had a certain consistency.
Beginning in the 1990s, things changed. Married Americans still reported rates of marital satisfaction consistent with earlier generations, but fewer got married. The advent of no-fault divorce led to increasing divorce rates in the 1970s and '80s, but by the 1990s, divorce rates seemed to plateau. At the same time, non-marital birth rates were rising. Much commentary interpreted single motherhood as a matter of individuals making bad choices. When it came to African-American women the discussion often echoed the Moynihan Report, 'The Negro Family: The Case for National Action' (1965), in which the 'tangle of pathology' and the 'deterioration of the black family' was seen as a major obstacle to political and economic equality. Now, the same patterns increasingly characterised white families.
These broad trends in the US family – flat-lined levels of marital satisfaction, plateauing divorce rates, rising non-marital births – have stymied simple understanding. But that is because they cloak a deeper change, the way rising inequality is pushing US families in different directions.
In some sense, 'the American family' no longer exists. Economic status is now more important than shared nationality in shaping family structure and choices. The divorce rate, for example, has only plateaued in the aggregate. It has dropped dramatically for college graduates – back to the levels of the mid-1960s before no-fault divorce – while it has continued to rise for everyone else. In 1992, then US Vice-President Dan Quayle precipitated a debate by criticising a television sitcom character, Candice Bergen's Murphy Brown, for having a child without a husband. From a demographic perspective Quayle's criticism was off the mark. Professional women such as Murphy Brown were not leading the charge into single parenthood: between 1980 and 2006, the non-marital birth rate for white college graduates barely changed. It did however increase for other women – especially among the white working class.
Apparently steady rates of marital satisfaction also present a misleading picture. In reality, there are diverging patterns between the well-off and the struggling. In 1980, couples experiencing financial distress reported less happy marriages than the financially secure, but the differences were relatively small. By 2000, the differences had increased substantially. Those in financial distress had far less happy marriages, while the marital quality of the economically successful group had improved. The real change in those 20 years was the disappearance of the middle, of the good-enough marriages that weathered bad times. What happened?
In our families, when our children reached their late 20s, weddings from California to Maine filled their summer travels. Their well-educated and mostly liberal friends took marriage seriously. But when we talked to working-class women from rural Kansas, during our research, we heard a different story. One woman we knew, a devout Christian, unmarried and pregnant, bristled when we asked about the father of her baby. She did not want him to have anything further to do with her or the child. In The End of Men: And the Rise of Women (2012), the journalist Hanna Rosin describes a Virginia woman in similar circumstances. She explained that marrying the father of her child meant 'one less granola bar' for her and the two-year-old.
This growing divide in the US family can be more divisive than the country's wars. For nearly two decades, the question of what American families should look like has been a battleground in the country's increasingly polarised political life. Conservatives have blamed Hollywood, liberals and a decline in cultural values. The libertarian Charles Murray first blamed welfare in Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950-1980 (1984) but more recently shifted responsibility to the one per cent: if only the new capitalist elite would emerge from their gated communities to reveal their moral example to working-class degenerates, the right family order could be re‑established.
In The Marriage Problem: How Our Culture Has Weakened Families (2002), the sociologist James Q Wilson attributed the decline in marriage to two causes: the long, slow emancipation of women that began in the Enlightenment, and the erosion of the 'authority of marriage': that is, the moral imperatives that a woman should marry before having a child and that a successful man must stand by his ageing wife rather than trade her in for a new model. Wilson characterised these forces as 'our culture'.
Christian conservatives tend to agree with the cultural view, alleging that a loss of sexual restraint destroys the sacred links between marriage, sexuality and procreation: they recommend bans on abortion, and limiting access to contraception and sex education as remedies for this moral decline.
the only women whose marriage rates didn't decline are the 10 per cent of women with the highest incomes
Wilson was correct that 'the long slow emancipation of women' has increased women's independence. Women no longer have to marry or stay married to raise children. We think this is a good thing. The adoption of no-fault divorce has helped to produce a thirty per cent reduction in domestic violence and a significant decline in women's suicide rates. No-fault divorce has made it much easier for women to leave abusive husbands. Or, for that matter, to change an unwanted life as a suburban housewife, such as inspired Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique (1963). But these factors do not explain why the elite's marriages and families are so different from those of the average American.
If Wilson was correct that marriage has declined because of women's independence or the values of the secular left, we would expect well-educated professional women to be trendsetters away from marriage. But they are not. Instead, the only women whose marriage rates have not declined are the 10 per cent of women with the highest incomes. These are the most independent women. In contrast, marriage has all but disappeared for women who cannot realistically support a child without assistance. Nor does a decline in religious values provide a compelling explanation for these trends. While couples embedded in a religious community (such as the Mormons in Utah) have marriages that last somewhat longer than those who do not attend church at all (or couples who attend different churches), religious communities have higher divorce rates than secular communities.
Ever since the 1965 Moynihan Report chronicled the decline of marriage in the African-American community, progressives have maintained that the real problem is the lack of jobs, particularly for blue-collar men. Today's conservatives are increasingly likely to agree that this is part of the problem. Even Murray, in his desire to call out the working class as 'bums', relentlessly documents the growing gap in working hours between white- and blue-collar men. Social conservatives have come to routinely include attention to employment as part of any realistic marriage-promotion agenda. Conservatives continue to insist, however, that the decline in marriage rates applies to working, as well as unemployed, working-class men and that something cultural must be in play over and above the economic factors. Could they be right?
For at least a generation, a vibrant and discordant marriage debate has unfolded as though the economic and the cultural change provide two independent, even mutually exclusive causes. But our book Marriage Markets: How Inequality is Remaking the American Family (2014) shows that the cultural and economic factors are deeply interdependent. In essence, rising inequality in the US is helping to produce different cultures of marriage. Family formation is a process with different factors that reinforce each other, sometimes with ironic effects. Consider, for example, the impact of the criminal justice system on a community. James Q Wilson may have written about marriage, but is most famous for his 'broken windows theory' which advocated arrests for minor offences. Wilson believes that ridding the community of even minor offenders leads to more law‑abiding citizens on the streets, which in turn deters crime. Wilson saw law-enforcement, much like higher rates of marriage, as essential to fostering stronger and healthier communities. In this view, lower crime and higher marriage rates are classic cases of the whole being greater than the sum of their parts. More marriages, like fewer broken windows, are supposed to be better for the whole community in a way that is greater than whatever sum of happy couples the marriages produce.
Yet the evidence has become compelling that increased incarceration for minor offences disproportionately affects minority communities and has a big impact on family stability, an impact that extends well beyond the understandably lower marriage rates of those in jail. Greater targeting of minor offenses catalyses changes that affect relationship norms in the whole community, and not towards increased marriage rates. Understanding this dynamic gives us some clues about what might be happening to the family more generally.
The immediate effect of increased incarceration is, of course, that there are fewer men in a community. As a matter of simple arithmetic, fewer women will be able to marry. But the effect goes beyond that. As far as women are concerned, men who are at risk of arrest for everything from jaywalking citations to pot possession to murder, are less reliable. As the citations rack up, they become less employable, more subject to further arrests, and more likely to turn to unsavoury companions for income. Women in turn begin to rely more on themselves, for many things. Studies confirm, for instance, that greater male incarceration leads to more female education and employment.
Rather than lower their standards, women are more likely to give up on the men
Proponents of 'broken windows theory' argue that the men should simply become more law-abiding. Perhaps some do, but even the law-abiding men in these communities do not become marriage-focused; instead, they too become less likely to marry. Why? In their smart book, Too Many Women?: The Sex Ratio Question (1983), the sociologists Marcia Guttentag and Paul Secord explained that a change in sex ratios – the number of men to women in a community – changes the behaviour of the entire group. When men outnumber women, the men compete for the women. They become more eager to marry because otherwise they might be left out of relationships altogether. To do so, they invest more in the things that will attract women: they work harder, they become more faithful, they can become more law-abiding. The women get to choose. Some will prefer higher-earning men; others might prefer better behaved, or funnier, wittier or more attentive men. These traits will then define the norms in the community.
However, when women outnumber men in a community, something very different happens. As a group, the women do not compete harder for the men. Nor do the men aim for higher-status women, at least not if that means the women might outshine them. Instead, men work less hard, become less faithful, and find that they do not need to treat women as well to be able to find at least a temporary partner. Rather than lower their standards, women respond by becoming more likely to give up on the men. They might sleep with them (they still need them to have children after all), but they invest more in themselves, their own income prospects and their own relatives. In short, they make exactly the decisions that women in the communities affected by mass incarceration policies make.
Guttentag and Secord originally tested their theory by comparing ancient Athens and Sparta. They claimed that Sparta, the militaristic Greek province of the ancient world, practised infanticide on male babies who appeared weak at birth and took the boys off for wars and military service that further reduced their ranks. As a result, they argued, the women of Sparta had reputations for being more liberated, sexually adventurous and wittier than women in Athens or the rest of the ancient world.
Were Guttentag and Secord right? Although historians have questioned their description of Athens and Sparta, sociologists have since done cross-cultural studies validating their broader thesis. Typically, they find that communities where men outnumber women are more marriage-focused, have more productive males, and invest more in their children. In contrast, where the women outnumber the men, the men seem to prefer to play the field, and the women's standards for an acceptable match increase. As women come to outnumber men, and male behaviour (from a woman's perspective) becomes less attractive, the women become pickier: they rely more on themselves and less on marriage. Marriage rates decline not just for the women, but for the men as well.
This account of the impact of gender ratios has been enormously influential in the social sciences. Some economists have described it as an economic theory of supply and demand which maintains that as the relative numbers of men and women change, the 'price' of marriage changes. But, as sociologists have perceived, it makes more sense as a story of cultural change. As the relative number of men and women in a given community change, so do relationship norms. With more men, women's preferences for a match with a reliable and faithful man play a greater role in defining relationship terms. With more women, men's preferences for multiple partners without commitment have greater influence in setting community norms. These factors affect not just the behaviour of individuals, but actually change the expectations and values of the entire group.
In our research for Marriage Markets, we wondered whether such factors might influence changing norms that move in opposite directions for different economic groups. Is it possible that greater inequality has changed the way that men and women match up with each other, placing more men in some marriage markets and more women in others? In theory at least, that would explain marriage norms that change in opposite directions for difference classes. One big obstacle stands in the way of such a theory: the absolute number of men and women in most communities does not differ greatly. However, as we soon realised, the absolute number is not what matters. Instead, the crucial factor is the number of men and women willing to marry each other. A 'marriage market', in our conception, depends on who's available and who's worth marrying. This was a matter worth investigating.
In 1960, when almost all women were expected to be homemakers if their husbands could support them, men did not care very much about women's incomes: youth, attractiveness and homemaking skills mattered much more. Indeed, the highest-earning women in that era were among the least likely to marry. Too much female success might have been a turn-off for a marriage-oriented man. Today, as we mentioned earlier, the women who make the most money have seen the greatest increase in their marital prospects. Evolutionary psychologists like to study what men and women find attractive in each other, and these factors do change over time. Perhaps the biggest change over the past half century is that men have come to care more about how much money a woman makes.
At the same time, women have always cared about male incomes, and they seem to care even more today. In studies psychologists conduct with college students in the lab, women rate carefully manipulated pictures of men as more attractive when the man is described as earning more money. In the real world, it is harder to test such preferences so precisely, but women seem pretty clear on one point: large numbers, nearly 80 per cent, report that they will not marry a man without a stable job. If, in a particular community, jobs decline for men, so does the number of men whom women might be prepared to marry. Men also seem to prefer women with jobs, but their insistence on a partner with stable employment is not quite as strong.
'marriageable' women outnumber marriageable men by two to one in many urban communities
This idea, that a decline in blue-collar male employment changes the marriage rate, has a long pedigree. The Harvard sociologist Bill Wilson, influenced by the Guttentag and Secord thesis, argued in the 1990s that much of the racial difference in marriage rates could be explained by sex ratios. There are minor sex ratio differences: compared with whites, African Americans have fewer boys, and more African-American males than females die before adulthood. But dramatically more African-American men than whites (or than African-American women) are in prison, and are thus not present in the community. In poor urban areas the percentages are significant. More black men will marry outside the race than black women, further reducing the numbers. And in poor African-American communities, a high percentage of the men have only sporadic employment. Wilson estimated that if the women will marry only men with stable jobs, then 'marriageable' women outnumber marriageable men by two to one in many urban communities.
Wilson's thesis was controversial. The sociologist Christopher Jencks levelled the most significant criticism. Pointing out that marriage rates had fallen almost as much for employed as for unemployed men, he suggested that changes in employment could not account for the decline in marriage. What Jencks missed, however, is that this is exactly what gender-ratio theory would predict: when women outnumber men, marriage rates drop not just for unemployed men but for the entire group.
Today, sex-ratio theory is a significant component of most explanations of why marriage has disappeared in many communities. If there is a dispute, it is likely to be over which factors are most important. Some scholars look at the total number of men and women. More look at employment. In 1960 near the height of the baby boom years when marriage and fertility spiked, there were 139 employed men for every 100 unmarried women. Today, there are 91. The Fragile Families project run by Princeton and Columbia universities, which studies unmarried mothers, has found that once researchers control for gender ratios, much of the racial difference in marriage disappears. Gender ratios affect not just marriages rates in their study populations, but also the quality of non-marital relationships. Women tend to be happier with their current partner when the number of available men in the community rises.
These studies suggest that the way sex ratios change families is by altering the nature of marriage 'markets' as a whole. As the likelihood that a woman will find the 'right' man declines, the women come to expect less from men generally. And while men enjoy the ability to enter into more relationships, they respond to women's greater suspicions by becoming even less willing to commit. The result produces a reinforcing cycle of distrust. The results from these studies are so robust that, in their book Premarital Sex in America (2011), the sociologists Mark Regnerus and Jeremy Uecker maintain that even the hook-up culture on college campuses might be explained by a lack of men. Their charts show a straight line relationship between the gender ratio on campus and the likelihood that a woman who remains a virgin has a steady boyfriend. Sex ratios, it turns out, also affect the price of sex.
This research has greatly enriched our understanding of the relationship between the economy and declining marriage rates for those on the losing end of changes in the US economy. But what about the winners? Can changing sex ratios also explain the continuing marriage orientation of those at the top of the US economy? The short answer is that almost no one studies marriage among the successful. Charles Murray, who documents and celebrates the virtues of the successful, simply assumes that they demonstrate continuing commitment to industriousness, piety and a lack of criminality.
What we do know is that the men at the top (and only the top) have outpaced the women financially. Top executives and the financial sector account for 58 per cent of the income growth at the top. These executives are overwhelming male. Indeed, the six job categories with the greatest differences in pay between men and women are in finance, and the number of women employed on Wall Street dropped after 2000. Overall, women have done well and the gap between men and women's incomes has narrowed since 1990. But these changes have come overwhelmingly at the middle and bottom of the economic ladder. At the top, the wage gap has grown, and it has grown for college graduates as a whole, looking at median figures. Controlling for specialisms, hours worked, education and other factors, the most significant growth in gender disparities occurs above the 90th percentile.
What does this mean for marriage? We think it answers the questions of why we have different groups moving in different directions at the same time. Greater inequality has changed how men and women match up with each other. At the top, men and women marry later and they overwhelmingly marry each other. In the Mad Men days of the 1960s, executives married their secretaries; today, they marry fellow executives and they do so at much later ages than the rest of the population. Only in this group have men's fortunes increased more than women's since 1990. If we think of successful men as eager to find partners who share in their ambitions, these men face a smaller pool of similarly successful women.
The secret to the relationship between inequality and the family therefore lies in its effects on the status of men. Men occupy the very top of the economy, and those who sit there are eager to marry from a smaller group of similarly successful and well-educated women. Men are also disproportionately at the bottom and here they are effectively unmarriageable. This leaves a large group of women in the middle, with fewer comparable mates. Inequality makes these divisions starker than they were in other eras and it creates cultural divisions that reinforce each other. In short, inequality has remade marriage markets, making matrimony very attractive for some and a really bad deal for others.
Just why does it matter that we have different cultures of marriage and family structure among different classes? Beyond the erosion of a national narrative of family, class-based family structures have a profound effect on the life chances of children. Class-based differences now eclipse racial differences in predicting the educational performance of the next generation. The class gaps in children's cognitive achievements, college attendance, civic engagement, athletic participation, and feelings of isolation and loneliness have grown. And this threatens not just children on the bottom, not even just their families, but all Americans.


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$1.1 billion has been stolen in cryptocurrency thefts over the last six months. This is the visible effect of an illicit dark web market economy which is reportedly worth $6.7 million. That market fuels cryptocurrency thefts from exchanges, businesses, and individuals; and the growing incidence of cryptojacking.
The basic problem is that cryptocurrencies are increasingly popular, which drives up their value. This makes investment popular for both individuals and businesses; and this in turn attracts the criminals. The three most common attacks involve currency-stealing malware (designed to quietly steal the users' wallet content and send it to the attacker); illicit mining (designed to use business infrastructures to mine cryptocurrency for the attacker); and cryptojacking (which is illicit mining targeted at individuals).
A six-month study (PDF) by Carbon Black into how cryptocurrency malware is bought and sold in the dark web has shown an estimated 12,000 dark web marketplaces selling approximately 34,000 offerings related to cryptocurrency theft. Malware offerings range from as little as $1.04 to as much as $1,000, with an average price of $224.
Bitcoin remains the primary cryptocurrency used for legitimate cyber transactions — but cybercriminals are moving to alternative and more profitable currencies, such as Monero — which is now used in 44% of all attacks. Cybercriminals are increasingly moving away from Bitcoin (for example, as ransomware payment) because the associated fees are high, and the transactions take too long to process. "These cybercriminals appear to prefer Monero due to privacy, non-traceability and comparatively low transaction fees," says the report.
This applies to both illicit mining and wallet theft. Ethereum is the second most popular criminal currency at 11%, with Bitcoin third at 10%. There is no direct correlation between the popularity of the currency among criminals, and the market capitalization of the currency. At the time the report was compiled, the top three currencies by capitalization were Bitcoin (around $180 billion), Ethereum (around $90 billion), and Ripple (around $40 billion).
Cryptocurrency exchanges are the most vulnerable targets. Carbon Black's research shows that during the period of analysis, 27% of all incidents involved exchanges. Exchanges combine the attraction of potentially large amounts of coin to steal, with user information for follow-on targeting by the same criminals (representing 14% of all crypto-currency related thefts).
In February 2018, Italy's BitGrail lost 17 million units of Nano (XRB) to hackers, valued at around $170 million. Coincheck in Japan had $530 million stolen in NEM (one of the lesser known currencies) in January 2018. In December 2017 South Korean Youbit filed for bankruptcy following two separate hacks — one in April and one in December.
Just over one-in-five of all attacks are against businesses — but most of these focus on the deployment of illicit crypto-mining malware where the victim infrastructure is used to quietly mine cryptocurrency. The same approach is also used against government websites, with Carbon Black finding that "nearly 7% of cryptocurrency attacks targeted various governments using the same tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs) found in private industry attacks." In both cases, all proceeds are directed to the attackers' own wallets.
Closely related to this attack is 'cryptojacking' aimed at individual users. "Our research found that a growing number of websites are either intentionally deploying cryptocurrency scripts or are being used to deliver illicit mining malware to unsuspecting users. This is most commonly referred to as 'cryptojacking', and, even if you aren't being targeted for your own cryptocurrency, there's a chance your endpoint may be abused for someone else's gain."
Carbon Black expects cryptocurrency theft and illicit mining to continue to grow. "These cryptocurrencies represent an alternative and lucrative funding stream, which is especially true for criminals, as well as nation-states desperately seeking to subvert sanctions."
To deter such attacks, Carbon Black urges the use of endpoint protection software. For individuals, it also advises that users should avoid installing untrusted applications or following unfamiliar links; and that an ad-blocker should be used to "reduce the risk of having your device used to harvest cryptocurrency without your consent."
Businesses, urges Carbon Black, should store cryptocurrency in an off-line wallet. "Never," it stresses, "store your cryptocurrency in an online or warm wallet (a dedicated device that must be connected to the internet to make transactions). Cold storage is best."
To demonstrate the size of the problem, the company compares the cryptocurrency losses it found in six months ($1.1 billion) to the total cost of all cybercrime in the whole of 2016 ($1.3 billion — according to the FBI).
Carbon Black filed for an IPO in April 2018 with plans to sell 8 million shares at $15 to $17. It raised this price to $19 and started trading on the NASDAQ on May 4, raising $152 million. At the time of writing, shares have risen to $26.10.
Related: Is Cryptojacking Replacing Ransomware as the Next Big Threat?
Related: Crypto Mining Malware Infects Thousands of Websites

subset: commoncrawl


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A authorized librarian's function will fluctuate in response to the dimensions of the library through which they work. Whenever you're with an organization for a while, you probably expect to be promoted in some unspecified time in the future, particularly when you've gotten all the best qualifications. Nonetheless, this may not be the case at firms that discriminate towards sure employees. Seeing who will get promoted and who does not could provide you with some insight as to how an organization treats its employees. Are there staff who've labored at this enterprise for an prolonged period however have not been supplied any promotion or elevate? Although some workers may select to say in decrease-stress roles, many are never given the choice to climb the company ladder. In the event you discover that a few worthy workers get passed over for promotions or ignored when it is time for raises, there's a problem here. That is mostly seen with employees with disabilities or workers of protected standing. It isn't okay.
Belief law (business Regulation) units out the rules for money that is put into an investment , reminiscent of pension funds that folks save up for his or her retirement. It includes many various kinds of law, together with administrative and property law.
American companies and insurance corporations have to behave like responsible residents and stop hiding behind laws, rules and procedures that undermine our religion in capitalism and democracy. And our elected officials have to move legal guidelines that cease the sort of grasping, thoughtless and cruel conduct from happening in the first place.
A "crime" is any act or omission (of an act) in violation of a public regulation forbidding or commanding it. Although there are some widespread regulation crimes, most crimes within the United States are established by local, state, and federal governments. Felony legal guidelines differ considerably from state to state. There is, however, a Model Penal Code which serves as a great beginning place to gain an understanding of the essential construction of criminal legal responsibility.
When you personal a gun, or are contemplating shopping for a gun, it is extremely advisable that you just study all in regards to the gun management laws in your state and municipality. With laws varying so extensively, it's by no means sufficient to imagine. Should you plan to journey type your state with a weapon, it's also crucial that you familiarize yourself with the legal guidelines of wherever chances are you'll be visiting. The last thing that you'd need to do is wind up in jail for 15 years since you were ignorant. Gun legal guidelines are in place to guard residents, however if you have been charged with an unlicensed handgun, you should call a New Jersey gun crime lawyer at Clark & Clark. Their New Jersey prison defense attorneys will give you a free consultation and talk about your legal options.


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1st ed. 2019 Edition
by Kris Shaffer (Author) Human attention is in the highest demand it has ever been. The drastic increase in available information has compelled individuals to find a way to sift through the media that is literally at their fingertips. Content recommendation systems have emerged as the technological solution to this social and informational problem, but they've also created a bigger crisis in confirming our biases by showing us only, and exactly, what it predicts we want to see.
Data versus Democracy investigates and explores how, in the era of social media, human cognition, algorithmic recommendation systems, and human psychology are all working together to reinforce (and exaggerate) human bias. The dangerous confluence of these factors is driving media narratives, influencing opinions, and possibly changing election results.
In this book, algorithmic recommendations, clickbait, familiarity bias, propaganda, and other pivotal concepts are analyzed and then expanded upon via fascinating and timely case studies: the 2016 US presidential election, Ferguson, GamerGate, international political movements, and more events that come to affect every one of us.
What are the implications of how we engage with information in the digital age? Data versus Democracy explores this topic and an abundance of related crucial questions. We live in a culture vastly different from any that has come before. In a society where engagement is currency, we are the product. Understanding the value of our attention, how organizations operate based on this concept, and how engagement can be used against our best interests is essential in responsibly equipping ourselves against the perils of disinformation.Who This Book Is ForIndividuals who are curious about how social media algorithms work and how they can be manipulated to influence culture. Social media managers, data scientists, data administrators, and educators will find this book particularly relevant to their work.
This product has run out of stock. You may send us an inquiry about it.
To order this book, please contact us.


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Visit our store, where you can easily purchase a service and upload your files.


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I'm very happy to introduce you to a new e-magazine by the talented crew over at
Interweave Press
Surface Explorations is an all digital publication and can be downloaded to your desktop or to your iPad or other tablet. Even though I can do everything on my desktop that this publication is meant to do - I'm thinking an iPad might be in my near future. It's that COOL!!!
I don't think printed media is going away any time soon - there is nothing like holding a good book in your hand and turning a page and electronics and the beach don't mix. BUT - you can't click a link to go straight to a source or watch a video of the author actually showing you how to do what you just read about in a paper magazine. With this publication you can do that and more.
I'm very honored to be included in the inaugural issue of SurfaceXplorations with an article and video on Thermofax Screen Printing. I'll show you a little bit about discharge (and remind you why testing is important!) and just plain have some fun with paint.
Some of the other authors are giving you a little peak into their contributions to this fun new digital publication. Stop by each of their blogs to check it out.
Mon 4/16 Lindsey Murray http://quiltingdaily.com
Tues /17 Jamie Fingal http://jamiefingaldesigns.blogspot.com
Wed 4/18 Jackie Lams http://studiolams.com
Thu 4/19 Lyric Kinard http://lyrickinard.blogspot.com
Fri 4/20 April Sproule http://sproulestudios.blogspot.com
Mon 4/23 Leslie Jenison http://leslietuckerjenison.blogspot.com
Tues 4/24 Jane Davila http://janedavila.blogspot.com
You can download your copy here:
If you are interested in learning even more about screen printing, I have an on-line class called Freeform Screen Printing opening up on May 4th over at QuiltUniversity.com! We'll go even deeper into thermofax screens and learn a lot about regular screen printing too.
Scroll down a bit for another post about it or check out the class description here.


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Five projects have been selected as finalists of the 2015 EU Prize for Contemporary Architecture- Mies van der Rohe Award. The finalists were selected from a shortlist of 40 projects, and over the next couple of months the jury members will visit each of the finalist projects to evaluate the buildings firsthand and gather information from the people who use them. On May 7, the architects will present their projects to the jury. The winner will be announced the following day at a ceremony at Mies van der Rohe's Barcelona Pavilion.
See the five finalists after the break.
Established in 1987 by the European Union, the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Fundació Mies van der Rohe – Barcelona, the 60.000€ Mies Van der Rohe award is one of the most prestigious and important awards for European architecture. The prize is awarded biennially to works that have been completed in the past two years. Previous winners have included the Harpa Concert Hall and Conference Centre in Reykjavik, designed by the Danish architectural firm Henning Larsen in collaboration with the Islandic practice Batteríið and the artist Olafur Elíasson, and the Neues Museum in Berlin, designed by David Chipperfield Architects and Julian Harrap.
Ravensburg Art Museum / Lederer Ragnarsdóttir Oei (Ravensburg, Germany)
Built in a historic area, the design for the Ravensburg Art museum integrates the old with the new, fitting "harmoniously and unobtrusively into the historical context of the city." The building uses recycled bricks from a demolished monastery, creating "a connection between the old buildings and the new construction." It is also the first museum ever built to meet passive house standards. View the architects' full project description here.
Danish Maritime Museum / BIG - Bjarke Ingels Group (Helsingør, Denmark)
Located between the Kronborg Castle and a new cultural center, the Danish Maritime Museum is built into the dock walls of the harbor where it is located. By placing the galleries below ground, the Danish Maritime Museum leaves the 60-year-old dock walls untouched. The galleries are "arranged in a continuous loop around the dry dock walls," allowing visitors to "experience the scale of ship building." The design also features three double-level bridges that connect to different sections of the museum. View the architects' full project description here.
Antinori Winery / Archea Associati (San Casciano Val di Pesa, Florence, Italy)
Located between Florence and Siena in the hills of Chianti, the project aimed to "merge the building and the rural landscape." As such, the roof of the winery was converted into a space to plant additional vines, and is "interrupted, along the contour lines, by two horizontal cuts which let light into the interior and provide those inside the building with a view of the landscape through the imaginary construction of a diorama." View the architects' full project description here.
Philharmonic Hall Szczecin /Barozzi / Veiga (Szczecin, Poland)
The design was influenced by the surrounding context and buildings, specifically by the "verticality of the city's residential buildings, by the monumentality of the upright ornaments of its neo-Gothic churches and the heavy volumes of its Classicist buildings, by the towers that dot its entire skyline and the cranes of its port." The Philharmonic Hall features large skylights and is clad with glass on the outside, providing a contrast to the surrounding buildings. View the architects' full project description here.
Saw Swee Hock Student Centre / O'Donnell + Tuomey (London School of Economics, London, UK)
Located on LSE's city centre campus, the Saw Swee Hock Student Centre aims to create "a place of exchange; a spatial bowtie that intertwines circulation routes, splices visual connections between internal and external movement, and pulls pedestrian street life into and up the building." The building's exterior is clad with bricks in "an open work pattern" that lets light inside during the day and gives the building a glowing effect at night. View the architects' full project description here.
For in-depth coverage on the award and the finalist projects visit our European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture / Mies van der Rohe Award page.


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Spot Fishing
Explore ,the Spot fishing which is the most popular activity in Rubondo Island National Park. In this Park visitors have been recorded to fish a nile perch weighing up to 100 Kgs! Please com
Sport Fishing - Rubondo Islands National Park
Visitors to Rubondo Island National Park ,that is situated in Lake Victoria will have an opportunity to do spot fishing in the World Second Largest fresh water lake! Nile perch weighing as much as 100 Kg have been caught during this rare activity. Come and experience this excercise!


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707 Airliner Crash in Ecuador — Confidential Settlement
In 1999, an Ecuadoran lawyer obtained a judgment against Millon Air following a 707 crash in Ecuador killing thirty people on the ground. The liability carrier for Millon Air refused. Pita Weber Del Prado filed suit to enforce and domesticate the judgment in the United States. The case settled in 2004 under confidential terms.


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The Seven Deadly Sins of Strategic Sourcing. Join me in looking at some of the worst mistakes we've all made. I'm sure there are more, but these are at the top of my list. So make sure to stay away from committing them at any cost!
Seven Deadly Sins
1. Sourcing Speak
Total Cost of Ownership. Indemnity Clause. Should Cost Models. We tend to forget these aren't general business terms. So if you want to cause confusion, this is the easiest way. Whenever you can – leave the lingo at home and simplify. Makes it a lot easier when you are pitching an idea
2. Being a Bully
Nobody likes being told what to do, especially when it comes to business decisions their performance will be judged on. Even if you have the power to stop a new supplier from being added, a PO from being created or pulling back on any type of big purchasing decision – it doesn't give you the right to be a jerk. Use discretion, that's what it is there for.
3. Overstating Savings Numbers
Be conservative in your estimates or lose all credibility and respect. Nothing is worse than claiming you saved the company millions when it was merely cost avoidance. Or using some bogus baseline. Even if you do and get away with it, I'm sure your business partners will be tracking you down if the finance group goes back and insists on taking it out of their budget. Especially when they didn't have that much to spend in the first place.
4. Not Understanding Company Culture
I've seen it multiple times, and in different organizations. They walk into a company that doesn't have a strong sourcing team and become blinded by the green pastures of potential. And then as the "new guy" starts suggesting completely re-vamping processes, suppliers selection and getting rid of the CFO's favorite consultants (unknowingly) . Even suggesting blanket PO's when it's the right thing to do, but needs board approval can be a big mistake. Take the time to understand the "how and why" the company got there, before making suggestions on where the company should go.
5. Misinterpreting Spend Data
Numbers don't lie, but people who don't understand the difference between cash and accrual based accounting may end up inadvertently doing so. Just because your spend tool says we spent $5M with a supplier last year, doesn't mean that's what was budgeted or actually spent. Accruals, late invoice payments and so many other issues can change your spend data – dramatically. So take the time to dig into the details, or lose some credibility.
6. Stealing the Spotlight
Great, you ran an RFP, negotiated the heck out of the contract and hit a home run by saving 1M on the contract. You deserve some credit, but not the entire spotlight. It wasn't your budget or decision to make (most likely) so think it through before you going around bragging what you've done.
7. Bad Contracting
It's easy to forget, but it is vital to the way we provide value. It's a way to get rid of underperforming suppliers who are unwilling to address outstanding issues and can be used make sure invoices are submitted on time (and not 6 months late!). Not that every contract should have penalties (aka teeth), but every contract should have teeth. Specifically tied to performance or service level agreements that are tangible and attainable. Otherwise, what are we doing to ensure all of this work for?


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Thanks for your interest in volunteering for the Humboldt Homebrew Festival. Please fill out the form below with your name, contact info and choose which crew you would like to volunteer for from the drop down menus. Enter a first and second crew choice in case your first crew choice is maxed-out. If you are a returning volunteer, tell us which crew(s) you volunteered for and what year(s) you volunteered. Please add firstname.lastname@example.com to your contacts list so our replies to your request do no go to your SPAM folder. The HHF's success relies heavily on the dedication and hard work of our volunteers. Thanks for all you do and know that our proceeds go to support Engineers Without Borders North Coast Professionals and our projects. CHEERS!!
-Gabriel Salazar
Main Coordinator


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Last month or let me call it last year, we reviewed the Capdase ID Pocket Value Set for HTC One V. Today we have another case in our bag, the Incipio NGP semi-rigid soft shell case.
Incipio® is a Southern California based designer and manufacturer of award winning mobile device accessories. Established in 1999, Incipio® is widely recognized for consistently creating ingenious protective solutions for the mobile world. Through an untiring commitment to innovative and original designs, Incipio® is globally recognized for the functional and premium accessories the brand produces without the lofty price tag. Incipio's products are sold worldwide in leading consumer and electronics retailers, wireless retailers and through www.incipio.com.
This was all about Incipio® Let's have a one on one showdown with the Capdase Pocket ID Value Set and the Incipio NGP semi rigid soft shell case. Look at the detailed review below.
This Incipio review unit we got has only the soft shell case and the screen protector unlike the soft shell, the screen protector and the outer pouch we had in the Capdase ID Pocket Value Set which according to me is what we actually use. To be honest, outer casing is like an unwanted layer which do adds to the protection but fails the motive of buying a sleek smart phone on the first place. If you are comfortable with the thickness, we will suggest you to use it.
Screen Protector
Starting with the screen protector, it is usual shiny screen guard not the matte finish one which performs its task very well . Incipio claims that the screen protector is tear and stretch resistant . Alike what we had observed in the Capdase, this too had easy guidelines to install it and you can re-stick it if anything goes wrong in the first chance.
Soft Shell
The NGP soft shell protects every edge of the phone from any possible damage. Incipio also claims that it does not fade in the sun and impact resistant which stands true. Accidently, we dropped the HTC One V with the jelly case on and the impact resistant fact was verified . First thing which came into notice while comparing with Capdase soft case was that the screen seems to be more uplifted on using this case though providing easy access to all corners of the screen but makes it more prone to damage . Secondly we felt is missing on Incipio jelly case is the outlet for LED notification as seen on the Capdase.
Final Verdict
Incipio NGP semi-rigid soft shell case performs the task of protecting the device very well. All the facts stated by Incipio stand true but when it comes to comparing with the Capdase Pocket Value set we think the decision remains at the edge. Neglecting the external slide in cover, both of them provide an equal protection level from any possible damage. We found Incipio better in terms of ease of access but then the LED outlet is missing. So its a close lead by Capdase.
The protection package is available for $19.99 from incipio.com/store but you may save few bucks if try hunting at Amazon.


text: security systems for home wireless Not only does that mean a less expensive and difficult installation process, but more importantly the system cannot be shut down by a clever thief with wire cutters. In fact, the home security installation is so simple that the customer can begin installing the system in as littleas 5 minutes, as shown in a helpful video on the website. This is a nice incentive for those folks who don't want a hefty installation charge or permanent wiring added in their home. Of course, it could also be a negative for people who don't trust themselves to install the system on their own. Protection One uses Honeywell built security equipment that comes with a lifetime guarantee, for a small monthly fee, as long as you employ their respective monitoring service. However, Monitoring service comes at a lower end price starting at $24. 99 per month with a three year minimum commitment. Protection One uses their own proprietary monitoring company to service clients. Customer service is important to themanda quick response, during an emergency, is their ultimate goal. If the alarm is triggered the monitoring system will attempt to call your or whomever is on your list of contacts after a short period of time lapses. Protection One does offer a panic button option for a break in or other emergencies.


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Special deal on iPE Exhaust for Mercedes C63 and BMW M4 until the end of August!
EVS Motors offers a special price on iPE Exhaust for Mercedes C63 and BMW M4. If you have either one of these vehicles or know someone that does, Innotech Performance Exhausts are a well recognized brand in this field and is worth every single cent of the usual cost. But for August 2016 we have sponsorship pricing for those two vehicles. Make your dreams come true.
If your Mercedes or BMW is a daily driver, you probably want to get an aftermarket exhaust that is a valvetronic system which allows your vehicle to purr like a kitten and roar like a lion at the same time. Just turn the switch and you control the sound. Closed valves allow you to drive in your neighborhood at night without being hated by the community for waking everyone. Open valves on the other hand will give your car a brutal loud and extreme sound every time you push your gas pedal down.
Here are two videos attached to see these tho vehicles in action with the iPE Valvetronic Exhaust System:
If you cannot hear a clear difference you might need to book an appointment with your doc. And it doesn't only sound sweet, for BMW M4 they also offer different exhaust tips which they all are badass. Check out these carbon fiber tips!
Or what about the titanium blue version? Time to drive the rainbow!
Both of these cars are already nice cars to have, but this exhaust system will get you to another level. Embrace this opportunity to give your car the extra wow factor and turn heads with the amazing sound of iPE Innotech Performance Exhausts!
Contact us here to get a price for your C63 or M4 or call 888.878.2213


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Welcome to the CASC Swim School
To organise a free trial to join our Swim School please contact either:
Miss Rachel Browne
Head Teacher - CASC Swim School
Swim England Level 2 Teaching Aquatics
Swim England Level 1 Coaching Swimming
Mrs. Angie Kopka
Administrator - CASC Swim School
Swim School Class Dates & Fees - Autumn Term 2023
Swim School Essential Information
To find out more about our classes, please click on the following links:
Beginners (Beginners - Class 4)
Improvers (Classes 5 - 7)
Pre-Competition (Classes 8 - 10)
CASC aims for the following improvements in your child's Long Term Athletic Development:
C - Commitment & Co-ordination
A - Agility
S - Stroke Improvement & Speed
C - Competitive Development
Our Swim School is aimed at swimmers from 2½ years of age. All of the classes follow our unique CASC Criteria and the Swim England Learn to Swim Programme with particular emphasis on our unique stroke technique development. Our teachers, led by Rachel Browne, provide a high standard of tuition in all aspects of swimming. The ultimate goal of CASC is to achieve a high level of stroke technique across all four strokes and the core aquatic skills to assist swimmers along the swimmer pathway in preparation for the CASC Competitive Squads.
Rachel Browne (Head Teacher - CASC Swim School)


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Psychic Readings by Heavengazer
- Serving:
- Serving Nationwide
- Address:
- 5005 Colleyville Blvd, 208
- City, Zip Code & State
- Colleyville, TX 76034
Call and Schedule a Party and have them talking for years! Psychic Readings by phone or in person, Aura Cleansings and Chakra Balancing, Spiritual Counseling and Coaching, Baptisms and More!!
Wee to the place where Truth, Love and Honesty are Always Spoken.
There is no judgement here, only peace and love. Everyone has their own paths to follow as well as their own problems and shorings to ovee.
No question is too silly or concern too petty- whatever is troubling you at the moment is the need that must be addressed, and I am honored and humbled that you have found me. You will only get from me the truth to whatever issue may be troubling you. I will tell you how it is with love and honesty.
First and foremost, please know that you are loved, and that the Universe wants nothing from you except that you know this truth.
First free to browse around in this place in Peace and knowing, for this place is like God's table, where all are wee-where we are all one.
Available Now For Parties!! Call and Schedule a Party and have them talking for years!
For More Information Please Visit The Link Below
Among other cities, Psychic Readings by Heavengazer may serve the following areas: Houston, New York, New York City, Manhattan, Miami, Montreal, Los Angeles, San Fernando Valley, Southern California, San Antonio, Chicago, Toronto, Denver, Dallas, Kansas City, Philadelphia, Minneapolis, Phoenix, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Las Vegas, Pittsburgh, Oklahoma City, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Austin, Brooklyn, San Diego, Atlanta, Seattle, Baltimore, Detroit, Edmonton, Indianapolis
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Sexually oriented? There used to be these rubber bands people used to have at school that were different colors. The girls would wear them and the guys would come around and break them off the girls arms and then the color of the bracelet would determine what the girl does to the guy..You'd have to look up the color meanings, because I don't remember.
lol i know them. They are my favourite band. but I want more like them. I've memorized all their songs, and need some other people to listen to so i dont get tired of them.
Do you mean like bands that are very sexual? Because if you're looking for something like that then lookup Blood On The Dance Floor All their songs are very sexual lol
Like, bands or singers that sing about sex, like Blood on the Dance Floor, or Dot Dot Curve.
huh? could you explain?


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Standardized testing that involves working one on one, approximately four to six hours, in many different areas: cognitive, achievement, language, visual-spatial, executive functions/attention, and emotional. Background information will be gathered from the parent (school records will be requested). Behavioral reports will be obtained from parents and teachers. Feedback/Report should be expected within approximately two weeks from last testing date or when all information is obtained.
Interested in Assessment?
• Inquire by phone
• Complete short phone intake
• Make appointment for clinical intake (children do not need to be present)
A typical neuropsychological assessment involves a flexible battery of tests, generally including:
• IQ or Cognitive – Stanford Binet Early Childhood, Preschool edition, WISC-V ages 6-16, and WAIS-IV ages 16 and older.
• Academic – Subtests from WIAT-III and others, such as GORT-5 (reading comprehension), TOWL-4 (written language) and CTOPP2 (phonological processing)
• Language – a combination of Boston Naming, NEPSY-II, CASL, PPVT-4
• Visual-Spatial – a combination of NEPSY-II, Rey Osterrieth, VMI, Hooper
• New Learning/Memory – subtests from some of the following: WRAML2, CMS, WMS-IV
• Executive Functions/Attention – Stroop, Wisconsin Card Sort, D-KEFS, CPT-2 or 3, CATA, D-KEFS
• Emotional – an array of self-report measures for anxiety, depression and emotional functioning, including self-concept
• Behavioral – Conners Rating Scales (children and adults for ADHD symptoms), BRIEF (executive functioning), CBCL (children for social/emotional/behavioral) and various Autism Spectrum Scales, daily living skills measures (such as Vineland II or ABAS II)


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Safely view and study sunspot activity, magnetic storms, eclipses, and planetary transits, with this larger size, safe viewer from Lunt, the premier manufacturer of solar telescopes and filters. If you know someone who loves to observe the Sun, this larger size makes a great viewer for safely observing daytime astronomy all year round!
In stock! FirstScope, by Celestron, is an ideal entry level astronomical Dobsonian-style telescope from a telescope maker famous for its quality Schmidt-Cassegrain telescopes and signature Orange tubes. The FirstScope, offers a high quality 76mm reflector optical tube, on a manual alt-azimuth mount, is portable and lightweight making it easy to store and transport. See details below. 2-year warranty.
Ultra-compact for safe solar viewing, these popular mini- Lunt SUNoculars will allow everyone to view all phases of the upcoming Solar Eclipses and safe solar viewing of sunspots.
This item is sold out.
The most popular safe solar telescope. Solar viewing is a great activity for amateur astronomers and school kids. Now it's safe and practical. Observers or students in a small group can view and track sunspots across the Sun. A beautiful, fascinating, and durable astronomical tool that everyone will enjoy. Shipping is included in price. See shipping exceptions and Staff Pick Review below.
Staff Pick! This popular tool is a staff favorite as the best Spectrometer! Students can see absorption lines in the sun's spectrum with this durable plastic spectrometer developed at the Harvard Center for Astrophysics' Project STAR. Outstanding , affordable scientific instrument recommended for educators at all levels.
A classic classroom activity, this set of 10 easy-to-construct telescopes is the perfect tool to engage students in the basics of astronomical viewing. Materials provided include: plastic lenses; 43 mm diameter (objective), 400 mm focal length, and 17.5 mm diameter and 25 mm focal length; foam holders and cardboard spaces for eyepiece lenses; 10 plain cardboard tubes; 1 set of instructions and activities. Set of 10. Middle School and up.
This easy-to-use & affordable spectrometer is perfect for Astro 101, physics, or chemistry classrooms! Its live video display engages students with real-time colorful gas tube spectra & intensity graphs. Great for demonstrations & hands-on labs. There's virtually no learning curve: just plug it in, launch the included RSpec Explorer software & point the camera at a light source.


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This article was originally posted by Korn Ferry here.
CCOs are becoming bigger drivers of business—and they are increasingly being tapped as CEOs or operational leaders.
- The problem: As corporate communications continues to evolve, organizations have been slow to create new paths outside of marketing.
- Why it matters: CCOs are trusted strategic advisors to CEOs and have insight across the whole business, positioning them as an untapped commercial resource.
- The solution: Create paths for communications executives to become business and operational leaders.
Barri Rafferty got into communications when it was, as she says, "a very written word business." Press releases were the trade's main currency, and PR Newswire and Business Wire were the dominant platforms.
Not long after she started her career, Rafferty started managing the accounts of some of the biggest clients at her PR agency, Ketchum. She was in a global client role when everything changed—an opportunity to run her own balance sheet as CEO of Ketchum's Atlanta office. Now she runs the entire firm, the first woman named to lead a top-five global communications firm.
No longer is marketing the only path out of communications, and the CMO role isn't the only way to the C-suite. More and more, communications executives like Rafferty are finding their way into roles leading business units, overseeing operations, or even becoming CEO. Perhaps the most prominent example of this evolution is Richard Plepler, who served as chief communications officer of the pay TV network HBO before being elevated to CEO.
Chief Communications Officer: The new business leader
"CCOs are getting recognized for their role in driving the day-to-day business results of a company," says Rafferty.
Part of that relates to the changing nature of communications. It isn't just timed announcements around earnings, product releases, appearances, or promotions anymore. Communications shapes the business narrative, handles crises—witness the role of communications during the coronavirus pandemic—and defines purpose. It involves social media marketing, influencer relations, stakeholder management, public affairs, and more. Today, most of the dialogue around communications isn't planned—it's taking place spontaneously on social media, where the speed of information is much faster, the context less defined, and the effect on business more immediate.
Peter McDermott, a senior client partner in Korn Ferry's Global Corporate Affairs Center of Expertise, says as CCOs become more trusted advisors to CEOs, the more they are considered as business leaders themselves. It's a trend he expects to continue, as stakeholders place more emphasis on being transparent and trusted, and organizations face more of an onus to communicate externally and internally.
"The way CCOs operate with CEOs gives them insight into a range of issues and familiarity with every aspect of the business," says McDermott. "That gives CCOs the ability to build unique operational and commercial acumen."
"CCOs are getting recognized for their role in driving the day-to-day business results of a company."
To be sure, the role of the CEO today is arguably more public than ever before, responsible for being an organization's ultimate leader, role model, and public face. A CEO's impact extends beyond professional duties to include personal, social, family, and community activities as well. The risk the role carries is huge—for the CEO and the company.
"One of the major challenges a CCO faces is defining the brand and reputation of the CEO as separate from the brand and reputation of the company, and to protect the longevity of both," says Karen Tripp, CEO of Fidelco Guide Dog Foundation Inc., which trains dogs to aid the blind, and former head of communications and public affairs at the energy company Phillips 66.
That's no small task considering organizations and CEOs are expected to take a stand on major social issues like diversity and inclusion, sustainability and environmental impact, equality, and more. Tripp, who has held senior leadership positions at The Hartford and GE and whose career path has traveled from CCO to CMO to CEO, says managing the depth of issues is similar to managing a supply chain, requiring deep understanding of an organization's purpose, products, and people, as well as a facility for judgment and strategic thinking. As Tripp notes, "these are all skills and traits CCOs possess that are applicable and critical across corporate functions."
5 skills that go beyond communication
Chief communications officers are increasingly being tapped to lead business operations or even become CEOs. Here are a few critical skills and traits CCOs possess that make them attractive leaders.
On any given day, CCOs are faced with a range of disparate issues that require deft management.
CCOs are responsible for positioning corporate actions and have to anticipate a multitude of outcomes internally and externally in response.
One of the CCO's main jobs is to evaluate risk and make decisions based on potential business impact.
The unique position CCOs occupy gives them a line of sight into every aspect of the business as well as its culture and talent.
CCOs are in the rare position of having contact across stakeholder groups, including employees, shareholders, customers, management, board directors, and others.
The changing business and communications environment, combined with the close CEO relationship, is attracting corporate boards to the value of CCOs as directors as well. AnnaMaria DeSalva, global chairman and CEO of the communications agency Hill+Knowlton Strategies, was serving as CCO for DuPont when she was recruited in 2017 to join the board of XPO Logistics, a Fortune 200 transportation and logistics company. As CCO of DuPont, she played a central role in the company's transformation, including its $130 billion merger with Dow Chemical, after which she became a senior advisor to the combined company's CEO while he led the breakup of DowDuPont to form three new independent public companies.
XPO's board was attracted to DeSalva in part because of her experience in transformation, as well as her deep experience working with CEOs and boards of directors. One year after being named to the XPO board, DeSalva was appointed chairman of the governance committee and last year was asked to serve as the board's vice chairman.
"The role of a CCO is to ensure that stakeholder strategies ultimately drive reputation, commercial performance, and effectively manage risk—all crucial to strong value creation, which is really the purpose of the board," says DeSalva.
"I think that communicators who are accomplished businesspeople in their own right will be in demand for governance roles going forward," she says.
"I think that communicators who are accomplished business people in their own right will be in demand for governance roles going forward."
When Stacey Tank got promoted from her communications role at Home Depot in 2018, she didn't exactly inherit a thriving business. Of the three installation units for which she had profit and loss responsibility, performance at one of them was particularly challenged. Four product lines were loss- making and shrinking by double digits. So one of Tank's first acts as a new business leader turned out to one of her most difficult: she decided to shutter the four lines of business.
"It was extremely challenging because you're impacting people's jobs," says Tank. "But I credit my communications background with helping me support and take care of people during the transition."
Tank says she worked with the human resources team personally on exit deals. She started a monthly live video town hall that enables employees to hear updates on the business and ask real-time, anonymous questions to leadership. "The trust was so low that we felt we owed them better communication than what they were receiving before," says Tank. "In situations like that, it's the soft skills that are most important."
To be sure, internal communications, once the neglected stepchild of the function, is arguably the most important aspect of the role today. With organizations in an increasingly pitched battle for talent— and talent being the key differentiator in business performance— employee recruitment, retention, and engagement are more critical to success than ever before, says Korn Ferry's McDermott.
"Employee communications is more important than ever because of the importance talent places on what an organization stands for," says McDermott, pointing to the increase in employee activism as a new frontier in internal communications.
Taking a stand on societal issues, inclusion and diversity, environmental responsibility, and even where and who a company does business with is now part of the fundamental structure of communications as it relates to talent recruitment and engagement. But it extends even further. Consider the impact of digital transformation on organizations and how that impacts talent in the form of layoffs, restructurings, retraining, and more. "A lot of organizations have been caught without the right communications in place when it comes to these issues," says McDermott.
The role CCOs play in creating an environment where employees can speak freely and be heard is another factor helping them break through into operational and CEO roles. Understanding risks associated with ethics, compliance, and operations all play into an organization's ability to recruit and retain talent, which in turn directly impacts its culture. And, as McDermott notes, to the extent that CCOs help shape an organization's culture, they help drive its business results and shape its success.


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RUMI Card Holder - Black with Metallic
Our super slim Rumi card holder will keep all of your cards safely in one place.
Double sided with 4 card slots perfect for carrying up to 8 cards, and an open top pocket, that will also carry notes. Designed for women and men.
Made in our super soft Pebble leather in black, with a black metallic leather trim detail.
Add FREE PERSONALISATION - make it your own, or the most thoughtful gift.
- Height 7.5cm / Width 10cm
- 2 card slots on each side
- open top pocket
- Delivered in bell&fox cotton dust bag
- FREE UK Delivery
- FREE Gift Wrapping Service


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Wine of the Week
New releases from Talbott and Bonny Doon
By Wes Marshall,
3:40PM, Fri. Jun. 6, 2014
Every year, I look forward to the new release of wines from two of California's most iconoclastic winemakers, Dan Karlsen of Talbott and Randall Grahm of Bonny Doon. Both men are unapologetic interlopers in an arena that all too often prides itself on quietly disappearing into a haze of conformity.
Dan Karlsen is an unabashed fan of his own Monterrey County grapes. His single vineyard Chardonnays and Pinot Noirs range up to $75 a bottle, which I grant you, is a lot of money. Karlsen's trick is that his wines always outperform their price point. His least expensive wines are the Kali Hart Chardonnay and Kali Heart Pinot Noir. At $21 a bottle (even less on sale), these wines are the equivalent of some Sonoma wines at twice the price or more. Unscrew a bottle (yes, he uses screw tops) and you can enjoy the richness of Monterrey County fruit. These wines are boldly Californian, yet Karlsen never goes the easy route, avoiding the overly extracted and simplistic wines that California sometimes produces. Instead, using grapes from the ideal climate of Monterrey County, his wines demonstrate a canny combination of old world elegance and new world intensity.
Randall Grahm is often referred to (especially when he's doing the referring) as the Rhône Deranger. He also describes himself as quixotic, which is about the second best label for him. The best label would be passionate. He has started and sold vineyards, wineries, and companies in a never-ending search for the perfect grape/vineyard/barrel. His first love was Pinot Noir, but he believes that California is more suited to grapes that typically grow close to the Mediterranean Sea. It's hard to pick which are his best wines, but a case could be made for the wines under the Cigare Volant label. They come in three colors. The red is made of Syrah, Grenache, Mourvèdre, and Cinsault. The white is a combination of Grenache Blanc and Roussanne. And the Rosé is a blend of the whole lot. He produces a regular bottling of each, as well as reserve bottlings of the red and white. It's best to start off with the normal versions (white $28, Rosé $18, red $45) and if you like them, move up to the reserve wines (white $54, red $79). All of the Cigare Volant wines are excellent values in their price ranges. Oh, and always be sure to read the back label on any of Grahm's wines; he's a magnificent writer.
Both men's wines are available at better wine shops.
A note to readers: Bold and uncensored, The Austin Chronicle has been Austin's independent news source for over 40 years, expressing the community's political and environmental concerns and supporting its active cultural scene. Now more than ever, we need your support to continue supplying Austin with independent, free press. If real news is important to you, please consider making a donation of $5, $10 or whatever you can afford, to help keep our journalism on stands.
May 26, 2023
April 28, 2023
Talbott, Dan Karlsen, Bonny Doon, Randall Grahm, Monterrey County, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Rhône Deranger, Cigare Volant, Syrah, Grenache, Mourvèdre, Cinsault, Grenache Blanc, Roussanne


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This stop-motion video for X factor contestant, Rachel Crow's new song "Mean Girls" was supposedly directed by a friend of her's who uploaded the video and posted on his you tube page:
Hey guys I got a chance to direct and produce my first music video for a good friend of mine. She is an INCREDIBLE singer and such good friend! We did this in my house, on my chalkboard. The entire video is "stop motion" which took FOREVER!! But we had so much fun making it. Enjoy!!!
It's cute and clever, and the song itself is poppy and young, proving that young Rachel could have some appeal with young teens, such as herself.
The debut EP from Rachel will be available digitally on June 26.


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GUND is proud to present a plush version of Boo, the wildly popular Pomeranian internet sensation. This 9" realistic Boo plush is all dressed up in a rainbow-covered outfit complete with extra floppy ears and room for his fluffy tail! Surface washable for easy cleaning. Appropriate for ages one and up.
- Realistic plush replica of Boo features accurate, adorable details and rainbow outfit
- Made from soft, huggable material that meets famous GUND quality standards
- Surface-washable construction for easy cleaning
- Appropriate for ages 1+
- 9-inch height (22.86 cm)


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Saturday, May 29, 2010
Look Out--the Next Generation of Paddlers
Maddy, Alex, holding me, and Jordyn in the orange kept their moms company at the Eggs Benedict Breakfast. It was soooo yummy and what a great setting!
Posted by Rex the Surf Dog Sunset Beach at 10:19 PM
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A storage room in the back caught on fire and it was late in the evening and there was only about 4 or 5 woman there and we freaked out and ran outside and left it to burn, but the fire department got there in time and put it out.
A man dropped dead in the lobby.
I was the drummer for the police Blue Lites Band in the 70s. We were playing for a picnic in a park. Dark clouds rolled in, along with a tornado. could not pack my drums in time. Wind took my drums into outer space. I could have sworn i heard an angel playing them, later that afternoon.
One of company's driver died of accident in the middle of the night (not during office hour, but we worked on site). We worked in the middle of nowhere. Then I had to watch his body in a morgue all night long alone, in awaiting for the morning to start contact Head quater office in different city.
I actually put in a full day once....man!...what was I thinking!??
I work in a hotel during the graveyard shift 11pm-7am. And there was a crazy wedding reception one night. I got a phone call from a guest that night saying that there was a naked man outside their door peeing on the door. I did not know what to do but knew I had to do something (you don't get trained for things like that). I went to go get a towel so I could through it at him (I shoul've probably called the cops or something). I went there and he look confused and he ran to what was probably his room. I cracked up laughing and had to get away so I wouldn't walk up any guest. I returned and knocked on the door of the guests that called and asked them if they wanted to switch rooms. They were laughing about it also, didn't even complain or anything and said they were fine. I tried to clean it the best I could, but again, had no idea what to do. Lol, I'll never forget that night...
A friend brought some corn-on-the-cob to Applebee's about 2 months ago. When he left that night. he gave the remaining three ears he hadn't eaten, still in the husk, to the other cooks, and then went home. The fry cook left his till the end of the night, and then brought it over to the broiler cook to cook it for him. The broil cook was cleaning the broiler, and told him he should have brought it over earlier, as he was leaving in 15 mins, and not to put it on the grill. The fry cook put it there anyway, while the broil cook was in the back getting stock. The broil cook came back, saw it there, and threw it on the floor over on the fry cooks side. The fry cook picked it up and threw it at the broil cook, hitting him in the head. The broil cook then proceeded to walk down to fry, punched the fry guy in the head, then picked him up and body slammed him on the quarry tile floor, prompting the manager to fire them both. All this because Guyerby had to pass out that corn;)
It involved a drunk man, a cardboard cutout of a woman and automatic doors that wouldn't open wide enough to let him out. 5 minutes of him trying to get his new girlfriend out the door and security stepped in.
I am not joking about this. Woman (scary) with dog (scarier) dog's penis expanded - you figure out the rest. I still have nightmares.
They stopped paying me and security escorted me out. /:
I used to work in a hospital, one of my friends was a security officer in the hospital. He told me that one day he had to sit and watch a dead body, and it farted. lmao/spooky!!
when they hired someone with schizophrenia and she wouldnt take meds, thought that was crazy
Copyright 2023, Wired Ivy, LLC


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Billboard Has Announced Their Top 10 K-Pop Albums Of 2020
Along with releasing their "Best K-Pop Songs of 2020" list, Billboard also recently released what they believe to be the 10 "Best K-Pop Albums of 2020". While they admit that it's impossible to incorporate the vast variety of the K-Pop genre in just ten albums, they did include both soloists and groups, idols and indie artists, and new and experienced artists in the list.
"At best, these records were complete products that effectively utilized the (mini-)album format to put forth a cohesive vision," the staff at Billboard write. "At worst, they were a bundled collection of unimpeachable songs that made us love these acts even more. We couldn't complain either way, and 2020 could've used more of that."
Here are their choices for the best 10 K-Pop albums of the year.
10. Go Live by Stray Kids
Go Live was Stray Kids' best-selling album until the repackaged version, In Life, was released, with over 330k sales. This is a huge accomplishment for a group that's still just under 2 years old, and with the title track "God's Menu", which is their best-performing song to date, it's not a surprise that it made it onto this list!
Here, Stray Kids are not young'uns wading through loss, pain, and confusion as they were on "Astronaut" or "Side Effects." GO生 presents a far more confident, self-aware, and sophisticated image of this octet, whether it's on "God's Menu," where they claim that they're not going to follow anyone else and instead play their own game, or on "Blueprint," where they diligently keep moving forward no matter how hard people try to bring them down.
9. tellusboutyourself by Yerin Baek
Yerin Baek used to be part of the duo 15& along with Park Jimin, and made her debut as a solo artist in November 2015 with the EP Frank. In total, she has released two EPs and two full-length albums, of which tellusboutyourself is the latest, released on December 10 this year. The album is also written in all-English lyrics, and Yerin's goal was to show that she's capable of writing more than just love songs.
You can hear the sound of tellusboutyourself from saying the title out loud: it's casual, conversational, intimate. As always, Yerin Baek sings with a firm conviction that belies her graceful vocals, transforming the simplest of lyrics into immersive pools of emotion… She's never sounded so honest or vulnerable, and the calming production she wraps herself around makes it feel all the more freeing.
— Joshua Minsoo Kim
8. XX, by Sumin
SUMIN is a solo artist that first made her debut on December 7, 2015 with the song "뜨거워질거야". She has produced for artists such as BTS and Red Velvet (she's credited for hits such as Jimin's "Lie", Red Velvet's "Look", and WOODZ's "Pool"), and is known for establishing the genre of K-Pop called "Neo K-Pop". XX, was released on June 23 this year.
SUMIN's tweaks hit so suddenly, it all feels like a passing memory by the time XX, cools down for the starry slow jam "ZAZA." The fleeting nature of it all, though, only compels you to rewind and re-experience the rush.
— Ryo Miyauchi
7. Nonstop by Oh My Girl
Nonstop is Oh My Girl's 7th EP, released on April 27 this year with the title track "Nonstop" and the very popular B-side "Dolphin". These two songs became their highest-charting on the Gaon Digital Chart, ranking at #2 and #9 respectively. The album sold about 44k units. Here's what Billboard thinks of the album:
Oh My Girl not only saw the deliciously danceable title track "Nonstop" become an instant springtime smash, but their sweet acoustic B-side cut "Dolphin" connected big time with audiences to show the septet's range. Five years into their careers, it feels like Oh My Girl are finally getting recognized as the multi-talents they've been since debut, with all signs pointing to how they won't stop impressing anytime soon.
— Jeff Benjamin
6. Eyes Wide Open by TWICE
Eyes Wide Open is actually TWICE's only second full-length album, released on October 26 this year with the title song "I Can't Stop Me". It has sold nearly 500k copies, and became their highest-ranked album on the Billboard 200 chart at #72, making them also only the third Korean girl group to rank in the top 100 on this chart after 2NE1 and BLACKPINK.
Members Jihyo, Nayeon, Sana, Dahyun and Chaeyeon all have sole writing credits on at least one song to place them alongside album collaborators like J.Y. Park, Dua Lipa, MNEK, Heize, and more. But not only is the group taking more creative control, they're conquering new sounds. From the fiercely empowering "Go Hard" and "Queen," the city-pop stylings of "Say Something," plus the dark dance-pop of "Hell in Heaven," TWICE's eyes are clearly set on proving they can handle anything.
5. Neo Zone by NCT 127
Neo Zone is NCT 127's second full-length studio album, released on March 6 with the title song "Kick It". It's NCT 127's best-selling album to date, with nearly 900k units sold! It's also the group's first album to reach the top 5 on Billboard 200 chart, as well as their first album to receive multi-platinum certifications from KMCA. Here's what Billboard thinks of the album:
One of the best things about NCT 127 is that their music is as expansive as they are. Neo Zone is a testament to this, as its 13 tracks find the group moving from classic R&B influences to '90s synths to even incorporating metal… And while one might argue against packing so many musical variations onto one album, the diversity works in NCT 127's favor: Just like their larger concept makes them limitless, their music refuses to be pigeonholed into labels and genres.
4. Equal by WOODZ
WOODZ made his debut as a solo artist outside of UNIQ (and his brief time in X1) in July 2016 under the name Luizy. With a change in musical direction in 2018, he changed his stage name to WOODZ, and has released a number of singles as well as written and produced songs for other artists. Equal is his first EP, released on June 29 this year, and has sold nearly 150k copies.
From boy band member to breakout MC to behind-the-scenes music producer, Cho Seung-youn has lived many different lives in the K-pop scene, but the determined star truly came into his own as a multitalented, multifaceted artist with his first solo EP released as WOODZ.
3. SOUL LADY by Yukika
Yukika is a Japanese artist based in South Korea, and has formerly worked as both a model and a voice actress. SOUL LADY is her debut album, which came after some singles such as her debut song "Neon". The album was released on July 21 this year and has sold around 7.5k copies, with a title track of the same name.
Longing to be part of a bygone era felt fitting for a year like this, and Yukika's SOUL LADY captured that perfectly. Her city pop songs are bursting at the seams: there's addictive synths, electronic loops, twinkling xylophone accents and, most of all, saudade. She does all this with an ethereal lightness that makes the album seem effortless… Comfort has been handed out by a miser this year, but on SOUL LADY, Yukika was generous in her warmth and familiarity.
2. Neverland by Cosmic Girls
Neverland is Cosmic Girls' eighth EP, released on June 9 this year with the title song "Butterfly". It was their first album to make over 100k sales, now at about 105k total units sold, and also beat their record for most first-day sales. It debuted at #2 on the Gaon Album Chart, and "Butterfly" peaked at #81 on the Billboard K-Pop Hot 100 chart. Here's what the company thinks of this album:
While WJSN brought an alluring, summer pop experience with "Butterfly," the shimmery lead single is only the beginning of the journey down the otherworldly Neverland. As you follow the track list, the synths turn flashier, arrangements become more ornate, and the songs grow into extravagant productions… The set of exquisite beats and arrangements in Neverland build a dreamy world that lives up to the title's promise, and WJSN gladly take charge to guide you through the fantastical soundscape.
1. BETTER by BoA
At #1 on Billboard's list is iconic artist BoA's latest album, BETTER. It's her 10th full-length album, released on December 1 with the title song "Better". The album served as a twentieth anniversary celebration since she first debuted under SM Entertainment in 2000 at the age of 13, and it's incredible that she's still producing such great and well-received albums after two decades in the industry! Billboard only has high praises for this soloist:
But whatever BoA sings over, her voice is a marvel of performance, both in the pure skill of her delivery and in capturing subtle gradations in mood. No other K-pop album this year felt so refined, so real, so invigorating in its portrayal of the capacity for human emotions. And what more could you ask for in 2020 than an album that reminded you that, despite everything that happened, that in the good and the bad, you were still here, you were alive.


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Years Funded: 2012
African Elephants are under threat from poaching and habitat loss. Although poaching of elephants for their ivory declined massively after the 1989 ivory ban it has, in recent years, experienced a substantial upsurge. Larger quantities of African ivory find their way in to illegal markets in Asia and China in particular.
WCS worked with Wildaid USA to film a documentary on the ivory trade with Yao Ming in 2012. The principal photography for a primetime, first-of-its kind-in-China documentary was completed after Yao spent 12 days in Africa learning first-hand the story of the ivory and rhino horn crises. Yao returned to Africa in September for four more days of filming final scenes. CCTV broadcasted a one-hour version focused on ivory.
During the trip in 2012, Yao had meetings with top scientists in the field, officials countering the poaching, and personal encounters with wild and poached elephants. His blog (developed by WildAid for the trip) was featured on Sina and was followed by 1 million people globally and generated more than 165 international news stories.


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Lucite Chess & Checkers - Limited Edition Whiskey Noir
$150.00 $200.00
Sunnylife's range of luxurious and limited edition Lucite games in the new smoldering Whisky Noir hue are inspired by the cosy comfort of sipping whisky by the fireplace - making it the ideal gift for any spirits connoisseur. The Limited Edition 4 In A Row is designed with style in mind - making it a unique piece to be featured in your home all year round. These clear-cut chess pieces set atop a solid transparent base are sculptural statements in their own right. They will add a regal air to any setting. Ultra-adaptable, the board also comes with chips for a cheeky game of checkers. Pieces in sophisticated clear and smoky brown shades complement strategic competitions morning, noon and knight.


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- Home
- Government
- Building Department
- Understanding Zoning
Understanding Zoning
New construction, building additions, projects that involve a change of use or new commercial tenancy and projects which involve changes to the exterior of a property, such as the following that typically require an application for and issuance of a Zoning Permit:
- Additions
- Decks
- Driveways
- Fences
- Pools
- Sheds
- Tennis Courts, etc.
Application Process
You will be required to complete an application form, submit a copy of a current survey of your property and submit sufficient information to demonstrate to the Zoning Officer that the proposed work complies with Tenafly's Zoning Regulations, which can be found in Chapter XXXV of the Borough Code, under Article XIII. To determine the requirements and limitations that apply to your particular zone district, Tenafly's Zoning Regulations and Zoning Map (PDF) may be viewed and downloaded on the Code of Ordinances and Maps of Tenafly. You may also directly contact the Zoning Officer at the Building Department to discuss your project.
Review Process
Upon receipt of an application, the Zoning Officer will review it and determine if it complies with the Borough's Zoning Regulations. If so, a Zoning Permit will be issued. If you are unable to comply with the Zoning Regulations for any reason, you must obtain a variance from the Board of Adjustment before your project can proceed. The Zoning Officer is charged with the responsibility of enforcing the Zoning Regulations and may not waive its requirements. That power is granted by law to the Board of Adjustment.
If your project requires a variance, the Zoning Officer will explain the application process to you.


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- From: Leif Halvard Silli <firstname.lastname@example.com>
- Date: Mon, 31 Aug 2009 03:27:44 +0200
- To: email@example.com
- CC: "Phillips, Addison" <firstname.lastname@example.com>
On Sun, 30 Aug 2009 02:37:13 +0000 (UTC) Ian Hickson wrote: >>On Wed, 19 Aug 2009, Phillips, Addison wrote: > > We remain concerned about the text in Step 7 in this section: > > > > > http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html#determining-the-character-encoding > > Our concerns about this text are: > > > > 1. It isn't clear what constitutes a "legacy" or "non-legacy > > environment". > > The Web is a legacy environment. Non-legacy environments are new walled > gardens. Any new document created on a computer is thus a non-legacy environment. This should be pointed out. Should file:// URL come into consideration as "non-legacy"? Should date of creation come into consideration come into consideration? > > The sentence starting "Due to its use..." mentions "predominantly > > Western demographics", which we find troublesome, especially given that > > it is associated with the keyword "recommended". > > Why? I agree with Addison that the text is unclear. Some comments on the following paragraph: <txt>Otherwise, return an implementation-defined or user-specified default character encoding, with the confidence tentative. In non-legacy environments, the more comprehensive UTF-8 encoding is recommended. Due to its use in legacy content, windows-1252 is recommended as a default in predominantly Western demographics instead.</txt> (1) The text says "... windows-1252 is recommended as a default ....". I also suggest saying "... UTF-8 encoding is recommended _as_a_default._" in the preceding sentence about "non-legacy environments". (2) The last word is "... instead". In your debate with Addison, you seem to draw a clear line between "legacy" and "non-legacy". But here, in the text, the word - "instead" - seems to link back to the sentence about "non-legacy" content, thus making it seem as there is a link from "non-legacy" to "legacy". Hence the advice could be interpreted like this: "for legacy content - but only for 'Western' legacy content, then windows-1252 is recommended as a default, instead of using the recommended non-legacy environment encoding". Another possible interpretation: "for Western _non-legacy_ environments, then due to the state of Western _legacy_ _content_, win-1252 is actually recommended as default" ... (3) I suggest replacing the phrase "Western demographics". Because, "Western" is a political word. For instance, Japan is sometimes referred to as "Western". In addition, the phrase "Western demographics" is used less than thousand times on the Web, according to Google [1]. I don't think it is necessary to invent a phrase to express what is meant here. (Are there any "demographics" that predominantly use the Western European character set, but for which the Windows-1252 is _not_ recommended as fallback encoding?) (4) Should it not be mentioned that other defaults may be recommended - whether specified or not - for non-Western Latin hemispheres? (5) You talk about "non-legacy environments" versus "legacy content". I wonder what the difference between "environment" and "content" is. Is "legacy content" the same as "old" content? Can timestamps be used to deciding the best default ...? (6) "Default" in plain English means "fallback". Can "fallback" be used instead of "default" in this paragraph? (And, by any means - wherever, if you wish.) Default has so many unlucky interpretations ... For instance, some might interpret "Windows 1252 is default for Western European languages" as "Windows 1252 is the recommended encoding Western European languages". (7) I wonder if "locale" or localization could be used instead of "demographics". The text speaks about about "implementation-defined or use-specified" fallback encoding. Browser vendors will perhaps need to define "demographics". But this is a seldom used word. Locale - or locales (plural) is much more well known, to most parties, I think. All in all, here is a suggested improvement, as far as I've understood ... <txt>Otherwise, return an implementation-defined or user-specified fallback encoding, with the confidence tentative. In non-legacy environments, the more comprehensive UTF-8 encoding <ins>is recommended as a fallback encoding</ins>. <ins>For</in> legacy content, <ins>then the dominating legacy encoding of one or several text encoding related locale(s), is often recommendable as a fallback encoding. For instance, for legacy content of locales that predominantly use the Western European Latin character set, then </ins> Windows-1252 is recommended as a fallback encoding.</txt> -- leif halvard silli
Received on Monday, 31 August 2009 09:24:38 UTC


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DYMAT® CFR Bearings are a composite of carbon fiber and virgin rubber. With advanced autoclave bonding techniques each pad has a series of open weave 0/90 carbon fiber layers throughout the rubber matrix. The final product is a bearing pad giving superior vertical load carrying properties.
The DYMAT® CFR Bearings have been tested at several universities for shear deformation, vertical load, and tensile strength. Additional large-scale testing has been also completed with DYMAT's Dual Seismic Isolation (DuSI) System.
In the Dual Seismic Isolation (DuSI) System design, the structural engineer can easily tailor the system to the desired performance by either changing the ratio of sliders to CFR Bearings or increasing/decreasing the bearing area of the simple sliders.