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The Life Insurance business can be a bit of a head wreck, with all its complicated phrases and terminology.
You could probably accuse the insurers of making things overly complicated. You'd be right. At Lion, we like to keep things as simple as possible, though there is no getting away from some Life Insurance industry jargon.
Our Life Insurance definitions will explain what these terms actually mean.
We've gone with a list of A-Z, because it's handy. If it ain't broke…
Serious Illness Cover protects you if you get sick with one of the serious illnesses covered in your policy, such as cancer.
Accelerated Serious Illness Cover is the most cost-effective way of buying Serious Illness Cover.
So let's say you buy Life Insurance and then add Accelerated Serious Illness Cover; any Serious Illness claim will reduce the amount of Life Insurance or Mortgage Protection by the amount of the claim.
You buy a Life Insurance policy of €500,000.
You add Accelerated Specified Illness Cover of €100,000.
You're diagnosed with a cancer, as specified in your policy.
You receive €100,000 from your specified illness claim.
Your life cover is reduced by €100,000 leaving you with life cover of €400,000.
Pro-tip: Don't add it to Mortgage Protection. If you do, your bank will get the proceeds of any Serious Illness claim. You get sick, they get paid. Hardly fair, is it?
Sometimes this is mistakenly called standalone cover. A claim on this type of Serious Illness Cover won't affect your Life Insurance cover. Let's use the same example as above.
You buy a Life Insurance policy of €500,000.
You add Additional Specified Illness Cover of €100,000.
You're diagnosed with a cancer, as specified in your policy.
You receive €100,000 from your Specified Illness claim.
Your life cover isn't affected. It remains at €500,000.
Additional Specified Illness Cover is more expensive than Accelerated Specified Illness cover.
Someone, like me, who arranges and negotiates Life Insurance cover for clients, e.g. you. Let's say you want to find the best deal for you.
If you contact me, I'll go to all six of the life insurers in Ireland and get you the best offer.
I'm an independent broker and I'm particularly good at getting you a deal if you have a medical condition, if I do say so myself.
This lets you convert your cover into a new policy when you're older, even if you're in bad health at that stage.
It's a very valuable option in later years. (It's a no brainer: add it to your policy. Don't even think about it.)
I find an example explains this best.
When Mary and Susan were 25, they both took out a 20 year Life Insurance policy.
Susan paid €10 per month. Mary added convertibility and paid €11 per month.
They were healthy young wans when they first got their policy but in the 20 years until the term expires, they both get diabetes.
Mary and Susan's policies are up and they need new ones.
Mary's policy is convertible, so she doesn't have to tell the insurer about her diabetes. As she's older, her premium is more expensive and comes in at €50 per month.
Poor Susan, however, doesn't have a convertible option so has to tell the insurer about the diabetes and do a medical. She's landed with cover of €150 per month.
It's the same policy as Mary's.
Moral of the story: get a convertible option. Future-you will thank you for it.
If you and your partner are insured on a dual life basis, there will be a pay-out on EACH death.
You don't have to have the same amount of cover, which is important if there is a big difference in income. You can also insure yourself for a different amount of Serious Illness Cover than your partner.
With one of my insurers, Dual Life is now the same price as Joint Life cover. So if someone tries to sell you Joint Life these days, you should laugh in their face.
It fairly much does what it says on the tin: you're insured for the entirety of your life. Naturally, this is more expensive than other types of Life Insurance as unlike Term Life Insurance (see below), the insurer is on the hook for a pay-out as long as you keep paying your premiums. There are several different types, but more on that in a bit!
Income Insurance/Protection gives you a replacement income of up to 75 percent of your salary if you can't work because of an illness or injury. It kicks in after you're unable to work for a certain amount of time, known as the deferral period.
The deferral period can be 4, 8, 13, 26, or 52 weeks. And the longer the deferral period, the cheaper it'll be.
Indexation is a bit like inflation. Basically, you'll get your Life Cover and it will increase yearly by a certain percent. The amount you pay will increase too.
Let's say you take out €100,000 index linked life cover (yeah, it's a mouthful). You're paying a tenner a month for the first year. In year two, your cover and premium both increase by 3 percent.
You'll have €103,000 cover and a premium of €10.30. In year three, it'll go up again, unless you opt out.
It's super useful if you want to increase your life cover over time in line with income increases – without having to do a medical.
Handy, you may think – though I think it's a bit of a scam.
If you and your partner are insured on a Joint Life basis, the insurer will pay-out on one death. You can choose whether it pays out on the first or second death. (Which will make for some interesting pillow talk with your other half. You go first, no, I insist, after you my love. xxx)
A type of insurance you have to get if you're buying a house in Ireland. Mortgage Protection pays off your mortgage to the bank if you die.
You literally can't get a mortgage without it.
This is a special (but very tricky) type of Life Insurance for those over 50 who want to get cover without underwriting.
You complete an application form and you get cover auto-magically.
Which sounds unreal and a bit too good to be true.
Because it sort of is. Usually, you can only get a small amount of cover and it only pays out on accidental death within the first two years.
It's also expensive, so make sure you know exactly what you're getting in for before you sign up. If you have an illness that prevents you getting normal life cover but isn't imminently life-threatening then you should consider over 50s cover.
Should you shuffle off within the first two years due to an illness, the insurer will refund your premiums.
Your premium is the amount you pay for your Life Insurance.
Get a quick quote while you're here to see how much your premium will be.
A Private Medical Attendants Report is a medical questionnaire that an insurer sends to your GP to complete. It usually happens if you have a health issue and will ask questions about your medical condition, the treatment, and the prognosis.
This information will then go back to the insurers and the underwriters, who'll use it to calculate the cost of your policy based on how much risk you pose to them (which basically means that they weigh up the chances of you dying. Morbid, I know!).
Reviewable Whole of Life is a bad idea.
Keep that in mind as you read this definition.
So, Reviewable Whole of Life covers you for your whole life (good) but with the caveat of a review/premium increase by your insurer every 10 years when you're young (bad), every 5 years as you get older and every year once you hit 60 (evil).
The policy will keep getting more and more expensive until you eventually cancel. You lose your cover and they keep all your premiums.
Cue the moustachioed insurer running into the distance as they cackle wildly.
If you've read all the other definitions in this guide, you'll already know what this is – but sure look it, we'll say it again once more for those who scrolled without a care in the world.
Serious/Specified/Critical Illness Cover provides you with financial support if you're diagnosed with one of the serious illnesses listed in your cover.
One thing to keep in mind is that this type of cover can be a bit tricky and that the illness you get has to match the definition of the illness as outlined in your policy, so be sure to know what you're actually insured for before you sign up.
Or ask a kindly neighbourhood broker to do it for you.
This is a type of Life Insurance that means your parents are really sound – or that you're really sound as a parent.
It's basically a loophole to get out of paying inheritance tax: so Section 72 is a Revenue-approved Life Insurance policy that's used to cover the cost of inheritance tax.
You can read more about getting out of paying inheritance tax Section 72 Whole of Life here.
See Additional Serious Illness Cover.
Term Life Cover, pretty descriptively, gives you Life Insurance cover for a set term, or an amount of time – in regular people speak.
It's generally cheaper than Whole of Life, as your chances of outliving it are greater. If you are getting Term Life, make sure you get a convertible option, so you can get another policy without being poked and prodded at a medical exam or a massive price hike.
Before you get your policy, the insurer you apply to will assess the possibility of you making a claim on your policy (read: you dying/getting sick/becoming unable to do your job). Underwriters use maths and statistical analysis and other things you were probably taught a bit of in school to determine your chances of claiming.
They'll look at stuff like your health, your medical history, your occupation, and any dangerous hobbies – anything that'll raise your chance of kicking the proverbial.
In some (rare) cases, the underwriters will determine that you're too high of a risk and decline or defer you, though that almost never happens. Worst case scenario, you'll get coverage but it might be for a smaller amount or it might cost you more.
Now you've got a definition for just about every jargon-y insurance term, you might be ready to take the next step and get a quote.
Luckily enough, that's really easy too. Get a quote here, call me on 05793 20836 or complete the quick questionnaire. Yep – it's that easy.
Nick McGowan
LION.ie | Life Insurance for Smart People
057 93 20836
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As Ireland's leading life insurance broker, we specialise in comparing the rates and policies from the top five Irish life insurance providers and offering the very best value quotes to suit the individual needs of our clients. Our expertise lies in finding a suitable insurance plan for those with specific needs, be it a particular illness, occupation or claim history, we've got you covered in every sense!Watch our video


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The Top 10 Nominees for the 10th Annual Spirited Awards®
These nominees were chosen from thousands as the world's top bars, bartenders, writers, and cocktail experts.
NEW ORLEANS, LA – June 14, 2016 – Following a rigorous evaluation of over 1500 unique nominees, the top ten for each award category have been chosen for the 10th Annual Spirited Awards®. The Spirited Awards® were created in 2007 to recognize this year's best bars, bartenders, writers, experts in the hard working service industry.
American and International committees comprised of the most respected minds in the cocktail industry selected the top 10 nominees for the 24 award categories. Each nominee was reviewed in detail to ensure it met the criteria and then presented by ballot to the committee judges. The 110 esteemed judges' votes yielded this year's top 10 nominees.
"These nominees are just a snapshot of the talent and creativity that is in our industry today. In order to truly capture what is going on in the global cocktail movement, our short lists would need to be doubled." said Simon Ford, Spirited Awards Chairman® and host. "These awards recognize the people and places that captured the imagination of the 110 judges, but please also remember these awards are celebrating the industry we all love and the resurgence of the cocktail movement.
The 25 Spirited Awards® recipients will be announced at the Spirited Awards® at the Sheraton New Orleans on Saturday, July 23, 2016 as a part of the 14th Annual Tales of the Cocktail®. We will also honor and celebrate the life and the 2016 Lifetime Achievement Inductee, Sasha Petraske. In addition, we will remember the other industry pioneers we have lost this year.
"Making the Spirited Awards top ten is no small feat. We receive hundreds of nominations in each category so everyone on this list should be proud of this hard-earned accomplishment," said Ann Tuennerman, Founder of Tales of the Cocktail®. "With the quality of bars, bartenders, ambassadors, distillers and writers we have in our industry, it was not an easy task for our judges. I want to thank them for lending their time and expertise in narrowing down to our top tens."
On Monday, June 20, 2016 at 12:00 p.m. (Pacific Time), Simon Ford, Spirited Awards® Chairman will announce the final four finalists for each category from Los Angeles via Facebook Live on the Tales of the Cocktail Facebook Page. Each finalist will be invited to attend the live ceremony in New Orleans. Each award recipient will receive an exclusive Riedel Crystal Trophy.
This year, the Spirited Awards® will feature a live stream the night of the event. The 2016 Spirited Awards® hosts include Simon Ford and Aisha Tyler, actor, comedian, author, activist, director, and co-host of the CBS show The Talk.
The sponsors of the 10th Annual Spirited Awards® include Bacardi USA, BarSmart, Beam Suntory, Champagne Nicolas Feuillatte, Chivas, El Dorado Rum, Fords Gin, Gazela Vinho Verde, Goose Island, House of Angostura, Luxardo, Nikka Whisky, Parlor Lounge, Pernod Absinthe, Pierre Ferrand Cognac, Ramazzotti, Rutte, The Cromwell, United States Bartenders Guild and William Grant & Sons.
Please see below for the complete list of finalists according to category.
American Categories
Best American Bar Team
- ABV (San Francisco)
- Anvil Bar & Refuge (Houston)
- Attaboy (New York City)
- The Dead Rabbit (New York City)
- Drink (Boston)
- Harvard & Stone (Los Angeles)
- Herbs & Rye (Las Vegas)
- Holiday Cocktail Lounge (New York City)
- The NoMad (New York City)
- Williams & Graham (Denver)
Best American Cocktail Bar
- ABV (San Francisco)
- The Aviary (Chicago)
- canon: whiskey and bitters emporium (Seattle)
- Clover Club (Brooklyn)
- The Dead Rabbit (New York City)
- The NoMad (New York City)
- Prizefighter (Emeryville)
- The Normandie Club (Los Angeles)
- Smuggler's Cove (San Francisco)
- Trick Dog (San Francisco)
American Bartender of the Year
- Julio Cabrera of The Regent Cocktail Club (Miami)
- Marcovaldo Dionysos of Smuggler's Cove (San Francisco)
- Chris Hannah of French 75 (New Orleans)
- Bobby Heugel of Anvil Bar & Refuge (Houston)
- Giuseppe González of Suffolk Arms (New York City)
- John Lermayer of Sweet Liberty (Miami Beach)
- Jeffrey Morgenthaler of Clyde Common (Portland)
- Yael Vengroff of The Spare Room (Los Angeles)
- Pamela Wiznitzer of Seamstress (New York City)
- Naren Young of Dante (New York)
Best American High Volume Cocktail Bar
- Bitter & Twisted Cocktail Parlour (Phoenix)
- The Esquire Tavern (San Antonio)
- Flatiron Lounge (New York City)
- Harvard & Stone (Los Angeles)
- Herbs & Rye (Las Vegas)
- Honeycut (Los Angeles)
- Melrose Umbrella Co. (Los Angeles)
- No. 308 (Nashville)
- Pegu Club (New York City)
- Polite Provisions (San Diego)
Best American Brand Ambassador
- Colin Asare-appiah (Bacardi)
- Tim Cooper (The 86 Co.)
- Daniel de Oliveira (Leblon)
- Gardner Dunn (Beam Suntory)
- Anne Louise-Marquis (Marnier Lapostolle)
- Bernie Lubbers (Heaven Hill Distilleries)
- Ewan Morgan (Whisky at Diageo)
- Robin Nance (Auchentoshan)
- Chris Patino (Pernod Ricard)
- Ria Soler (Chartreuse)
Best American Hotel Bar
- Bound by Salvatore at The Cromwell (Las Vegas)
- The Elephant Bar at The NoMad (New York City)
- The Hawthorne at the Commonwealth Hotel (Boston)
- Midnight Rambler at The Joule Dallas (Dallas)
- Pepe le Moko at the Ace Hotel Portland (Portland)
- Proof on Main at 21c Museum Hotel Louisville (Louisville)
- Sable Kitchen & Bar at Hotel Palomar (Chicago)
- The Spare Room at The Hollywood Roosevelt (Los Angeles)
- The Upstairs Bar at the Ace Hotel Los Angeles (Los Angeles)
- Vesper Bar at The Cosmopolitan Las Vegas (Las Vegas)
Best American Restaurant Bar
- Cane & Table (New Orleans)
- Eat the Rich (Washington, DC)
- The Eveleigh (Los Angeles)
- Gramercy Tavern (New York City)
- No. 9 Park (Boston)
- nopa (San Francisco)
- One Flew South (Atlanta)
- Saxon + Parole (New York City)
- Scopa Italian Roots (Venice)
- The Rieger (Kansas City)
Best New American Cocktail Bar
- Bar Goto (New York City)
- Dante (New York City)
- Forgery (San Francisco)
- Leyenda (Brooklyn)
- Old Lightning (Marina Del Rey)
- Suffolk Arms (New York City)
- Sweet Liberty (Miami Beach)
- The Treasury (San Francisco)
- The Walker Inn (Los Angeles)
- Whitechapel (San Francisco)
International Categories
Best International Bar Team
- American Bar at the Savoy (London, United Kingdom)
- The Baxter Inn (Sydney, Australia)
- Black Pearl (Melbourne, Australia)
- Callooh Callay (London, United Kingdom)
- Connaught Bar (London, United Kingdom)
- Dandelyan (London, United Kingdom)
- Floridita (Havana, Cuba)
- Limantour (Mexico City, Mexico)
- Little Red Door (Paris, France)
- White Lyan (London, United Kingdom)
Best International Brand Ambassador
- Ian Burrell (Rum Ambassador)
- Dean Callan (Monkey Shoulder)
- Allison Dedianko (Belvedere)
- Joe McCanta (Grey Goose)
- Raj Nagra (Bombay Gins)
- George Nemec (Becherovka)
- Shervene Shahbazkhani (Bacardi)
- Tim Stones (Beefeater Gin)
- Camille Vidal (St-Germain)
- Max Warner (Chivas)
International Bartender of the Year
- Charles Ainsbury (Sydney, Australia)
- Monica Berg of HIMKOK (Oslo, Norway)
- Daniele Dalla Pola (Bologna, Italy)
- Marcis Dzelzainis of Sager + Wilde Paradise Row (London, United Kingdom)
- Chris Lowder of Charles H. (Seoul, South Korea)
- Iain Griffiths of White Lyan and Dandelyan (London, United Kingdom)
- Zdenek Kastanek of 28 Hong Kong Street (Singapore)
- Tess Posthumus of Door 74 (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Carina Soto Velásquez of Candelaria (Paris, France)
- Hidetsugu Ueno of Bar High Five (Tokyo, Japan)
Best International Cocktail Bar
- Bar High Five (Tokyo, Japan)
- Bar Termini (London, United Kingdom)
- Bramble Bar (Edinburgh, United Kingdom)
- Bulletin Place (Sydney, Australia)
- Candelaria (Paris, France)
- Happiness Forgets (London, United Kingdom)
- Imperial Craft Cocktail Bar (Tel Aviv, Israel)
- Limantour (Mexico City, Mexico)
- Le Lion Bar de Paris (Hamburg, Germany)
- Tales & Spirits (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
Best International High Volume Cocktail Bar
- Baba Au Rum (Athens, Greece)
- Callooh Callay (London, United Kingdom)
- Central Station Boutique Bar (Beirut, Lebanon)
- The Clumsies (Athens, Greece)
- Eau De Vie (Melbourne, Australia)
- The Lobo Plantation (Sydney, Australia)
- Potato Head Beach Club (Bali, Indonesia)
- Ruby (Copenhagen, Denmark)
- Strøm Bar (Copenhagen, Denmark)
- Trailer Happiness (London, United Kingdom)
Best International Restaurant Bar
- City Social (London, United Kingdom)
- Delicatessen (Moscow, Russia)
- Duck & Waffle (London, United Kingdom)
- Hawksmoor Spitalfields (London, United Kingdom)
- Linje Ti and Tjoget (Stockholm, Sweden)
- Le Mary Celeste (Paris, France)
- Oblix (London, United Kingdom)
- Sager + Wilde (London, United Kingdom)
- Tippling Club (Singapore)
- Zuma (Dubai, United Arab Emirates)
Best International Hotel Bar
- American Bar at The Savoy (London)
- Black Angel's Bar at Hotel U Prince (Prague, Czech Republic)
- Chiltern Firehouse (London, United Kingdom)
- The Connaught Bar at The Connaught (London, United Kingdom)
- Dandelyan at the Mondrian, London (London, United Kingdom)
- Lobster Bar and Grill at the Island Shangri-La (Hong Kong)
- Manhattan at the Regent Singapore (Singapore)
- Punch Room at The London EDITION (London, United Kingdom)
- Widder Bar at the Widder Hotel (Zurich, Switzerland)
- The Zetter Townhouse at the Zetter Townhouse Clerkenwell (London, United Kingdom)
Best New International Cocktail Bar
- 7 Tales (London, United Kingdom)
- Black Rock (London, United Kingdom)
- Charles H. (Seoul, South Korea)
- The Dark Horse (Bath, United Kingdom)
- Dead Ringer (Sydney, Australia)
- The Gibson (London, United Kingdom)
- Gibson Bar (Singapore)
- HIMKOK (Oslo, Norway)
- Joyeux Bordel (London, United Kingdom)
- Oriole (London, United Kingdom)
Best Cocktail & Spirits Publication
- Australian Bartender
- Bartender Magazine
- Chilled Magazine
- Cocktail Lovers
- Difford's Guide
- Drinks International
- Gin Foundry
- Liquor.com
- The Spirits Business
- Whisky & Fine Spirits
Best Cocktail and Spirits Writer
- Jenny Adams
- Wayne Curtis
- Simon Difford
- Dan Dunn
- Camper English
- Alice Lascelles
- Sandrae Lawrence
- Jeffrey Morgenthaler
- Robert Simonson
- Naren Young
Best New Cocktail/Bartending Book
- Spritz: Italy's Most Iconic Apertivo Cocktail, with Recipes by Talia Baiocchi and Leslie Pariseau
- The Tippling Bros. A Lime and a Shaker: Discovering Mexican-Inspired Cocktails by Tad Carducci, Paul Tanguay and Alia Akkam
- Good Things to Drink with Mr Lyan and Friends by Ryan Chetiyawardana
- The Cocktail Chronicles: Navigating the Cocktail Renaissance with Jigger, Shaker & Glass by Paul Clarke
- The Experimental Cocktail Club: Paris, London, & New York by Romée de Goriainoff, Pierre-Charles Cros, Olivier Bon, Xavier Padavoni
- Ten Cocktails: The Art of Convivial Drinking by Alice Lascelles
- Drinking the Devil's Acre: A Love Letter from San Francisco and her Cocktails by Duggan McDonnell
- The Dead Rabbit Drinks Manual: Secret Recipes and Barroom Tales from Two Belfast Boys Who Conquered the Cocktail World by Sean Muldoon, Jack McGarry, and Ben Schaffer
- The NoMad Cocktail Book by Leo Robitschek
- The Craft Cocktail Party: Delicious Drinks for Every Occasion by Julie Reiner
Best New Spirits Books
- Bitterman's Field Guide to Bitters & Amari: 500 Bitters; 50 Amari; 123 Recipes for Cocktails, Food & Homemade Bitters by Mark Bitterman
- Divided Spirits – Tequila, Mezcal and the Politics of Production by Sarah Bowen
- The Year of Drinking Adventurously: 52 Ways to Get Out of Your Comfort Zone by Jeff Colett
- Vermouth: The Revival of the Spirit that Created America's Cocktail Culture by Adam Ford
- How the Gringos Stole Tequila: The Modern Age of Mexico's Most Traditional Spirit by Chantal Martineau
- Bourbon Curious: A Simple Tasting Guide for the Savvy Drinker by Fred Minnick
- Bourbon Empire: The Past and Future of America's Whiskey by Reid Mitenbuler
- El Gran Libro del Vermut: Con Mas de Cien Maneras de Tomárselo by François Mont
- The Art of American Whisky: A Visual History of the Nation's Most Storied Spirit, Through 100 Iconic Labels by Noah Rothbaum
Global Categories
Best Bar Mentor
- Bridget Albert
- Derek Brown
- Jason Crawley
- Francesco Lafranconi
- Don Lee
- Dré Masso
- Lauren Mote
- Agostino Perrone
- Andy Seymour
- Angus Winchester
Best New Spirit or Cocktail Ingredient
- Caña Brava 7-year Reserva Añeja Rum by the 86 Co. (Panamá)
- Campo de Encanto "Barkeep's Whimsy" Pisco (Perú)
- Lagavulin 8-Year Old – 200th Anniversary Edition (United Kingdom)
- Midwestern Dry Gin by J. Rieger & Co. (United States)
- Orphan Barrel Gifted Horse Whiskey by Diageo (United States)
- Plantation Stiggins' Fancy Pineapple Rum (Barbados)
- Ragtime Rye by New York Distilling Company (United States)
- Riserva Speciale 'Rubin' Vermouth by MARTINI & ROSSI (Italy)
- Rutte Celery Dry Gin by Rutte Spirits (Netherlands)
- Rutte Old Simon Genever by Rutte Spirits (Netherlands)
World's Best Cocktail Menu
- American Bar at the Savoy (London, United Kingdom)
- The Aviary (Chicago, United States)
- Baba Au Rum (Athens, Greece)
- Charles H. (Seoul, South Korea)
- Dandelyan (London, United Kingdom)
- Little Red Door (Paris, France)
- Lost Lake (Chicago, United States)
- Mace (New York, United States)
- Nightjar (London, United Kingdom)
- Trick Dog (San Francisco, United States)
World's Best Spirits Selection
- American Bar at the Savoy (London, United Kingdom)
- Amor y Amargo (New York, United States)
- The Baxter Inn (Sydney, Australia)
- Daddy-O (New York, United States)
- Multnomah Whiskey Library (Portland, United States)
- Old Lightning (Marina Del Rey, United States)
- The Office at The Aviary (Chicago, United States)
- Smuggler's Cove (San Francisco, United States)
- Tommy's (San Francisco, United States)
- Whitechapel (San Francisco, United States)
For more information on past winners and Tales of the Cocktail®, visit the website at TalesoftheCocktail.com or call 504-948-0511.
About Tales of the Cocktail®
Founded in 2002, Tales of the Cocktail® has grown from a small gathering of cocktail lovers into the world's premier cocktail festival. Each year the international spirits industry is welcomed to New Orleans for a week of seminars, tastings, networking events and much more. With 200+ annual events developed specifically for bartenders, distillers and other spirits professionals, Tales of the Cocktail® is the industry's annual meeting place for exchange of new ideas, products and techniques. For more information on past winners and Tales of the Cocktail®, visit the website at TalesoftheCocktail.com or call 504-948-0511.


text:
Consumer Confidence Edges Higher in December
U.S. consumers are feeling slightly happier about the economy as 2014 draws to a close, according to a report released Tuesday.
The Conference Board, a private research group, said its index of consumer confidence increased to a two-month high of 92.6 in December from a revised 91.0 in November, first reported as 88.7.
Economists surveyed by The Wall Street Journal had forecast the latest index to rise to a stronger reading of 94.0.
The present situation index, a gauge of consumers' assessment of current economic conditions, increased to 98.6 from a revised 93.7, originally put at 91.3. The December reading is the highest since February 2008, the report said.
Consumer expectations for economic activity over the next six months fell to 88.5 from a refigured 89.3, originally reported as 87.0.
"Consumer confidence rebounded modestly in December, propelled by a considerably more favorable assessment of current economic and labor market conditions," said Lynn Franco, director of economic indicators at the board.
The small pickup in the board's measure of economic optimism follows last week's report from Reuters and the University of Michigan that their final-December consumer sentiment index increased to the highest reading since January 2007.
Consumers are the main driver of economic growth in the U.S., especially in the fourth quarter when households buy gifts and items for the year-end holiday season.
This year's holiday shopping season started off slowly. Weekly retail reports, however, suggest sales during the Christmas week increased slightly more than stores' targets, but according to Redbook Research "profit margins are expected to be under pressure due to the highly promotional environment."
According to the board, consumers in December about more upbeat about current labor markets but more uncertain about the future.
In December, 17.1% of consumers think jobs are "plentiful," compared with 16.2% thinking that in November. Another 27.7% this month describe jobs as "hard to get," down from 28.7% saying that last month.
The share of respondents anticipating more jobs in the next six months fell to 14.7% this month from 15.5% thinking that in November. The share anticipating fewer jobs increased to 16.9% from 16.1%.
Income expectations were also mixed. The survey showed 16.4% of households in December expect their incomes to rise in the next six months, down from 16.9% saying that last month. But only 10% think their incomes will decline in the next six months, down from 11% saying that in November.
Write to Kathleen Madigan at email@example.com


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Setting Up Your Intel Edison - Flashing instructions for all computer types¶
The Intel Edison system comes with a very limited Operating System. It's best to replace this with a custom version of Debian, as this fits best with OpenAPS, and it also means you have the latest security and stability patches. (These setup instructions were pulled from the mmeowlink wiki; if you're an advanced user and want/need to use Ubilinux instead of the recommended Jubilinux, go here.) The setup instructions also are going to assume you're using the Explorer Board that has a built in radio stick. If you're using any other base board and/or any other radio sticks (TI, ERF, Rileylink, etc.), check out the mmeowlink wiki for support of those hardware options.
Helpful notes before you get started¶
Your Explorer Board has 2 micro USB connectors, they both provide power. On the community developed Edison Explorer Board the port labeled OTG is for flashing, and the one labeled UART provides console login. You must connect both ports to your computer to complete the flash process.
You must use a DATA micro USB to USB cable. How do you know if your cable is for data? One good way is to plug the cable into your computer USB port and the explorer board OTG port. If your folder/window explorer shows Edison as a drive then the cable supports data.
The steps outlined below include instructions for the various build-platforms (Windows PC, Mac, and Raspberry Pi). Linux users in general should be able to follow the steps for the Raspberry Pi. If you'd prefer to follow directions specific to one platform you are using, you can use the Windows PC cheat sheet or the Mac OSX cheat sheet.
If you're using a Raspberry Pi - prerequisites:¶
To flash the Edison using a Raspberry Pi, you'll need a large (preferably 16GB+) SD card for your Pi. The Edison image is almost 2GB, so you'll not only need space for the compressed and uncompressed image, but you'll also need to enable a large swapfile on your Pi to fit the image into virtual memory while it is being flashed. Using an SD card as memory is very slow, so allow extra time to flash the Edison image using a Pi.
- Run
sudo bash -c 'echo CONF_SWAPSIZE=2000 > /etc/dphys-swapfile'to configure a 2GB swap file. Note: if you don't have enough space on the SD card for a 2G swap a 1G swap will probably work
- Run
sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stopand then
sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile startto enable the new swap file.
- If you installed
watchdogon the pi, it's a good idea to stop it since loading the image into memory to flash is intensive
If you're using a Windows PC - prerequisites:¶
- Install the Intel Edison drivers for Windows. Select the "Windows standalone driver" download. You do not need to reflash the Edison or setup security or Wi-Fi with this tool because later steps in this process will overwrite those settings.
Note: Intel has announced the Edison will be discontinued at the end of 2017. As part of this, apparently, the old link to Edison drivers has been removed. We are unsure if this is a temporary issue or long term. Therefore, if the link above for Intel Edison Drivers is not working, you can use this link to download them directly from an OpenAPS user's dropbox. Obviously screenshots below will be different if Intel has not fixed or repaired their driver downloads page for Edisons.
- Install PuTTY. Download the installation file that matches your PC's architecture (32-bit or 64-bit).
Windows PCs with less than 6 GB of RAM may need to have the size of the page file increased to flash the Edison. Close all unnecessary programs and attempt to flash the device. If the flash operation fails follow these steps to ensure enough swap space is allocated when the computer boots, then restart and try again. Only do this if flashing the device doesn't work without changing these settings.
Important: Write down the settings in the Virtual Memory window before you make any changes to your system. When you finish the flash process you must return these settings to their original values or Windows may become unstable.
- Go to the Control Panel, click All Control Panel Items, then click System. At top left click the Remote Settings link.
- Select the Advanced tab in the System Properties window, then under Performance click Settings.
- On the Advanced tab click the Change... button to change the page size.
- In the Virtual Memory window uncheck "Automatically manage paging file size for all drives," click "Custom size," and set the initial size to at least 4096 MB. If you have already attempted this process at least once continue to increase this number by 1024 MB. Set the maximum size to 2048 MB higher than the initial size you used.
- Click the Set button, then click OK until all windows are closed.
- Reboot and attempt the flash process.
If you're using a Mac to flash - prerequisites:¶
- Read, but only follow steps 3-5 of, these instructions first. When you get to step 6, you'll need to cd into the jubilinux directory (see how to create it in the Jubilinux section below if you don't already have it) instead of the Intel image one, and continue with the directions below.
- Check also to see if you have lsusb installed prior to proceeding. If not, follow the instructions here to add: https://github.com/jlhonora/homebrew-lsusb
- Read the Mac instructions for flashing too, but note that they are now a little older than this.
Downloading image¶
Jubilinux "is an update to the stock ubilinux edison distribution to make it more useful as a server, most significantly by upgrading from wheezy to jessie." That means we can skip many of the time-consuming upgrade steps that are required when starting from ubilinux.
- Download Jubilinux - the jubilinux-v0.3.0.zip is known to work; jubilinux 0.2.0 runs Debian jessie, which is NOT supported by Debian any longer
- In download folder, right-click on file and extract (or use
unzip jubilinux.zipfrom the command line) You will access this directory from a command prompt in the next step. It is a good idea to create the Jubilinux in your root directory to make this easier to access.
- Open a terminal window and navigate to the extracted folder:
cd jubilinux. If using Windows OS use the command prompt (cmd). This is your "flash window", keep it open for later.
For Windows OS:
You will need an additional utility prior to flashing from Windows.
Download [DFU-Util](https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/3/3/4/dfu-util-0.8-binaries.tar.xz).
Extract the two files, libusb-1.0.dll and dfu-util.exe, to the directory where you extracted jublinux.zip.
(you can also extract all files to a separate folder and then copy the files to the jublinux directory)
Connecting cables and starting console¶
- Connect a USB cable (one that carries data, not just power) to the USB console port. On the Explorer board or Sparkfun base block, this is the port labeled
UART. On the Intel mini breakout board, this is the USB port that is labeled P6 (should be the USB closest to the JST battery connector). Plug the other end into the computer (or Pi) you want to use to connect to console.
- Plug another USB cable (one that carries data, not just power) into the USB port labeled OTG on the Explorer board or Sparkfun base block, or the port that is almost in the on the bottom right (if reading the Intel logo) if setting up with the Intel mini breakout board. Plug the other end into the computer (or Pi) you want to flash from.
If you're using a Raspberry Pi for console:¶
- Open a terminal window and type
sudo screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200or similar. If you do not have screen installed you can install with
sudo apt-get install screen.
If you're using a Windows PC for console:¶
- Go to Control Panel\All Control Panel Items\Device Manager\Ports\ and look for USB Serial Port COMXX. If you have multiple and unsure of which is the port you need: Make note of existing ports. Unplug the cable from the Explorer board. Notice which port disappears. this is the port you are looking for.
- Open PuTTY, change from SSH to Serial. It normally defaults to COM1 and speed of 9600. Change the COM number to the number you found when you plugged into the Explorer board. Change the speed (baud rate) to 115200.
- Once you've made those changes, Click on OPEN at the bottom of your Putty configuration window.
- Continue with the All platforms section below.
If you're using a Mac for console:¶
- Open a terminal window and type
sudo screen /dev/tty.usbserial-* 115200If necessary, replace the '*' with your Edison UART serial number, obtained using lsusb.
All platforms:¶
- Once the screen comes up, press enter a few times to wake things up. This will give you a "console" view of what is happening on your Edison.
- Now you will see a login prompt for the edison on the console screen. Login using the username "root" (all lowercase) and no password. This will have us ready to reboot from the command line when we are ready.
- Note! If you do not have your edison password at this point don't panic. We are only logging in to reboot the edison and that can be accomplished via the black button on the explorer board as well. Without the root password you may continue.
- Don't resize your console window: it will likely mess up your terminal's line wrapping. (Once you get wifi working and connect with SSH you can resize safely.)
Flashing image onto the Edison¶
Sometimes, particularly on older Edisons, the flash process will error out during the
Flashing rootfs, (it can take up to 10 minutes... Please be patient) step, with
bytesdfu-util: Error during download. If you retry the flash, it will get a bit further each time, until eventually it succeeds. Most likely, the Edison is finding bad SSD sectors and marking them, but not before the flash process errors out.
If you're using a Raspberry Pi - starting flash:¶
- In the "flash window" from the Download Image instructions above, run
sudo ./flashall.sh. If you receive an
dfu-util: command not founderror, you can install dfu-util by running
sudo apt-get install dfu-util
- If you want the flashall.sh script to keep retrying until it succeeds, you can do
while (sudo ./flashall.sh | tee /tmp/flash.out; grep Error /tmp/flash.out); do echo "Flash failed: retrying"; sleep 5; done
If you're using a Mac - starting flash:¶
- In the "flash window" from the Download Image instructions above, run
- If you want the flashall.sh script to keep retrying until it succeeds, you can do
while (./flashall.sh | tee /tmp/flash.out; grep Error /tmp/flash.out); do echo "Flash failed: retrying"; sleep 5; done
- If you receive an
dfu-util: command not founderror, you can install dfu-util by following the Mac instructions here.
- If you receive an
Error: Running Homebrew as root is extremely dangerous and no longer supported. As Homebrew does not drop privileges on installation you would be giving all build scripts full access to your system.see the troubleshooting section below.
- If you receive an
If you're using a Windows PC - starting flash:¶
- In the "flash window" from the Download Image instructions above, run
All platforms:¶
- The flashall script will ask you to reboot the Edison.
- If you have your edison root password: Go back to your console window and type
- If you have your edison root password: Go back to your console window and type
- If you do not have your edison root password: Press the black button on the explorer board until the LED between the usb connectors shuts off. Then press it again until the light comes back on.
- Switch back to the other window and you will see the flash process begin. You can monitor both the flash and console windows throughout the rest of the flash process. If nothing else works and you are feeling brave, you can try pulling the Edison out and reconnecting it to the board to start the flash process.
- It will take about 10 minutes to flash from Mac or Windows. If the step that flashall says should take up to 10 minutes completes in seconds, then the flash did not complete successfully, perhaps because you didn't set up the virtual memory / swap settings correctly. If you're using a Raspberry Pi, it may take up to 45 minutes, and for the first 10-15 minutes it may appear like nothing is happening, but eventually you will start to see a progress bar in the console.
- After flashing is complete and the Edison begins rebooting, watch the console: you may get asked to type
control-Dto continue after one or more reboots. If so, press
Ctrl-dto allow it to continue.
- After several more reboots (just about when you'll start to get concerned that it is stuck in a loop), you should get a login prompt. If so, congratulations! Your Edison is flashed. The default password is
If you have any difficulty with flashing, skip down to Troubleshooting
Hooray! After you've flashed your Edison, head back to the main install instructions for wifi and dependencies to use the easy automated scripts. (Below are manual install instructions).
Initial Edison Setup¶
Log in as root/edison via serial console.
Type/edit the following:
myedisonhostname=<thehostname-you-want> #Do not type the <>
And then paste the following to rename your Edison accordingly:
echo $myedisonhostname > /etc/hostname
sed -r -i"" "s/localhost( jubilinux)?$/localhost $myedisonhostname/" /etc/hosts
Run these commands to set secure passwords. It will ask you to enter your new password for each user 2 times. Type the password in the same both times. To use SSH (which you will need to do shortly) this password needs to be at least 8 characters long. Do not use a dictionary word or other easy-to-guess word/phrase as the basis for your passwords. Do not reuse passwords you've already used elsewhere.
passwd root
passwd edison
Set up Wifi:¶
vi /etc/network/interfaces
Type 'i' to get into INSERT mode
- Uncomment 'auto wlan0' (remove the
#at the beginning of the line)
- Edit the next two lines to read:
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
Comment out or delete the wpa-ssid and wpa-psk lines.
After editing, your file should look like:
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto usb0
iface usb0 inet static
address 192.168.2.15
netmask 255.255.255.0
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
Press Esc and then type ':wq' and press Enter to write the file and quit
vi /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
Type 'i' to get into INSERT mode and add the following to the end, once for each network you want to add. Be sure to include the quotes around the network name and password.
ssid="my network"
psk="my wifi password"
If you want to add open networks to your list, then add:
If you have a hidden wifi network add the line
Some wifi networks require you to accept a terms and conditions prior to allowing access. For example, Starbucks coffee shops and many hotels. These networks are termed "captive" networks and connecting your rig to them is currently not an option.
Other wifi networks may require you to enter a login name and password at an initial screen before allowing access (such as many school district wifi networks). Some users have success in using the following wpa network settings for those types of networks:
ssid="network name"
password="wifi password"
identity="wifi username"
pairwise=CCMP TKIP
group=CCMP TKIP WEP104 WEP40
eap=TTLS PEAP TLS
Press Esc and then type ':wq' and press Enter to write the file and quit
reboot to apply the wifi changes and (hopefully) get online
After rebooting, log back in and type
iwgetid -r to make sure you successfully connected to wifi. It should print out your network name.
ifconfig wlan0 to determine the IP address of the wireless interface, in case you need it to SSH below.
Leave the serial window open in case you can't get in via SSH and need to fix your wifi config.
If you need more details on setting up wpa_supplicant.conf, see one of these guides:
- http://weworkweplay.com/play/automatically-connect-a-raspberry-pi-to-a-wifi-network/
- http://www.geeked.info/raspberry-pi-add-multiple-wifi-access-points/
- http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/11631/how-to-setup-multiple-wifi-networks
- http://www.cs.upc.edu/lclsi/Manuales/wireless/files/wpa_supplicant.conf
Install packages, ssh keys, and other settings¶
From a new terminal or PuTTY window,
ssh firstname.lastname@example.com. If you can't connect via
youredisonhostname.local (for example, on a Windows PC without iTunes), you can instead connect directly to the IP address you found with
ifconfig above.
Log in as root (with the password you just set above), and run:
dpkg -P nodejs nodejs-dev
apt-get update && apt-get -y dist-upgrade && apt-get -y autoremove
apt-get install -y sudo strace tcpdump screen acpid vim python-pip locate
adduser edison sudo
adduser edison dialout
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata # Set local time-zone
Use arrow button to choose zone then arrow to the right to make cursor highlight <OK> then hit ENTER
Edit (with
nano or
vi) /etc/logrotate.conf and change the log rotation to
daily from
weekly and enable log compression by removing the hash on the #compress line, to reduce the probability of running out of disk space
If you're not using the Explorer board and want to run everything as
edison instead of
root, log out and log back in as edison (with the password you just set above). (If you're using an Explorer board you'll need to stay logged in as root and run everything that follows as root for libmraa to work right.)
If you have an ssh key and want to be able to log into your Edison without a password, copy your ssh key to the Edison (directions you can adapt are here). For Windows/Putty users, you can use these instructions: https://www.howtoforge.com/ssh_key_based_logins_putty.
If you're not using the Explorer board, are running as the
edison users, and want to be able to run sudo without typing a password, run:
$ su -
$ visudo
and add to the end of the file:
edison ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
You have now installed the operating system on your Edison! You can now proceed to the next step of adding yourself to [Loops in Progress](https://openaps.readthedocs.io/en/latest/docs/While You Wait For Gear/loops-in-progress.html)
Troubleshooting the flash process¶
a) If you get:
dfu-util: Device has DFU interface, but has no DFU functional descriptor
dfu-util: Cannot open DFU device 8087:0a99
that likely means you ran ./flashall.sh without sudo.
b) If you get:
Flashing rootfs, (it can take up to 10 minutes... Please be patient)
dfu-util -v -d 8087:0a99 --alt rootfs -D /home/pi/toFlash/edison-image-edison.ext4 -R 2>&1 | tee -a flash.log | ( sed -n '19 q'; head -n 1; cat >/dev/null )
U-boot & Kernel System Flash Success...
in something closer to 10 seconds than 10 minutes, then you likely didn't set up swap properly. To verify,
cat flash.log and look for
dfu-util: Cannot allocate memory of size 1610612736 bytes near the end.
Alternatively, this newer version of DFU Util (DFU Util v0.9) seems to work better on computers with lots of RAM.
c) If you recieve an
Error: Running Homebrew as root is extremely dangerous and no longer supported. As Homebrew does not drop privileges on installation you would be giving all build scripts full access to your system. it means that you have a recent copy of homebrew (that's good) which doesn't allow sudo to even do a
brew list.
- The easiest - but perhaps not so forward compatible - thing is to figure out what the brew command was trying to do and edit the
flashall.shscript accordingly. ** The v0.2.0 version of
$(brew list gnu-getopt | grep bin/getopt). ** Running
brew list gnu-getopt | grep bin/getoptfor me (Dec 2017) gave me
- Edit the
GETOPTS="$(which getopt)"
if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]] ; then READLINK=greadlink; GETOPTS="$(brew l ist gnu-getopt | grep bin/getopt)"; else READLINK=readlink;fi;
GETOPTS="$(which getopt)"
if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]
d) If you have a failed flash or have problems with the reboot, try starting the console and hitting enter a bunch of times while connecting to stop autoboot. You'll then be at a
boot> prompt. Run
sudo ./flashall.sh and when it asks you to reboot type and enter
run do_flash at the
boot> prompt.
e) If you get stuck on an error that says "Ready to receive application" on the Edison the problem is you don't have enough power to properly boot up the Edison. This can happen if you are powering from your Pi. You should either connect a battery to the Edison board to give it a little boost, or use a powered USB hub between the Pi and the Edison.
f) If Edison reboots correctly but never gets picked up by the flashall.sh script and the flashing process does not start, check that you have DATA micro USB to USB cables - both of them. A large proportion of USB cables are not "data" - just power - and even cables previously used for data can degrade to no longer reliably carry data. How do you know if each cable is for data? One good way is to unplug both cables from the Edison, plug each cable in turn into your computer USB port and the explorer board OTG port. If your folder/window explorer shows Edison as a drive then the cable supports data. You need both to be data cables.
g) If Edison reboots correctly but never gets picked up by the flashall.sh script and the flashing process does not start, and you've re-confirmed that the two cables you are using are indeed good data cables, check the Edison device ID. It will probably come out automatically after the flashall.sh script fails with a list of available devices connected to the machine. On Linux, you can run lsusb to get a list of usb devices with their device ID. If the device ID is different from the one expected on flashall.sh, you can edit the script and change lines containing: USB_VID=8087 & USB_PID=0a99 to whatever the Edison has for an ID. Some users have encountered their devices ID to be 8087:0a9e
h) If you have attempted the firmware flash with Jubilinux several times and the flash will not complete successfully, it is highly recommended that you follow the mmeowlink deprecated Ubilinux instructions. Note that those instructions will have notes throughout for steps which are specific to the flash of Ubilinux. Additional steps help to align the Edison's operating system with Jubilinux. You must do these steps.
If you're having issues with a Windows flash of Jubilinux, try following along with the videos below. OpenAPS users have cited their instructions in successful flashes of Ubilinux. You will still need to go through the extra Ubilinux configuration steps mentioned in the linked mmeowlink wiki above.
- Flash Ubilinux Onto Intel Edison via Windows, 5 Part Video (Cygwin)
- uCast #21: Installing Ubilinux on the Edison (Windows) (Windows Command Prompt)
i) If none of the above has worked with the Explorer board, try swapping the two microUSB cables, or replacing them with new ones. See "f)" above too.
j) If you've attempted all of the troubleshooting steps above but still aren't successful, it's worth trying to use a different computer to flash.
Troubleshooting rescue mode¶
- If your edison boots to a console and says it is in rescue mode (you can hit ctrl-d to continue or enter the root password), you may need to change a u-boot environment variable to make it boot normally. During the boot process you will see:
*** Ready to receive application ***
U-Boot 2014.04 (Feb 09 2015 - 15:40:31)
Watchdog enabled
DRAM: 980.6 MiB
MMC: tangier_sdhci: 0
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
- Hit any key to drop to a prompt and type:
printenv bootargs_target
- If the answer is
bootargs_target=first-installthen type:
setenv bootargs_target multi-user
- And to exit that firmware u-boot prompt:
run do_boot
- If this doesn't fix the problem, and your boot gets stuck here:
[ OK ] Mounted /home.
Starting Rescue Shell...
[ OK ] Started Rescue Shell.
[ OK ] Reached target Rescue Mode.
You may have an issue with the flashall.sh script. (This seems to only impact mac users). In the "flash window" terminal where you downloaded Jubilinux
- Edit the flashall script
nano flashall.sh
- Find the following text (around line 220) Your text may vary slightly, with additional echo statements or such
echo "Flashing U-Boot Environment Backup and rebooting to apply partiton changes"
flash-command --alt u-boot-env1 -D "${VARIANT_FILE}" -R
- Modify this line to remove the -R and the dfu-wait command
echo "Flashing U-Boot Environment Backup and rebooting to apply partiton changes"
flash-command --alt u-boot-env1 -D "${VARIANT_FILE}"
- Reboot one last time - install should take a good deal longer than previous executions.
Override DNS resolvers¶
Some users have reported problems with connecting to internet sites. If you are experience poor internet connections, try 'nano /etc/resolv.conf' and change the first two nameservers to:
nameserver 126.96.36.199
nameserver 188.8.131.52
Also see the instructions here to add these nameservers to your
/network/interfaces file as the
resolv.conf file is likely to be overwritten.
Alternatively, add the nameservers you want to see in
resolv.conf to
/etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/tail and they'll be automatically added to
resolv.conf. (You may need to create the folder by running this command first:
mkdir -p /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d)
IP address conflicts (able to ping external but not LAN addresses)¶
Some users have reported problems where the local router uses the same IP block as that of usb0 config. The default configuration for usb0 in
/etc/network/interfaces uses 192.168.2.15, so if your local router also uses 192.168.2.xx you may not be able to properly connect to your Edison using SSH, and external connectivity may intermittently fail.
To check which IP address your router is using, you can run
ipconfig on Windows or
ifconfig on Mac/Linux. If you're getting an address starting with 192.168.2.x, you'll want to edit your Edison's configuration to use a different subnet for usb0:
vi /etc/network/interfaces to edit the static usb0 interface address from 192.168.2.15 to another valid private IP, like 192.168.29.29. The resulting config should look like:
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto usb0
iface usb0 inet static
address 192.168.29.29
netmask 255.255.255.0
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
Once that looks correct, save the file and
reboot your rig for the changes to take effect.


text:
An African proverb says that it takes a village to raise a child.
Hopelands is moving ahead and any donation you make towards the project will help us build the village.
Buy a brick now for only R10. To donate is so easy. Just follow the easy steps on our website.


text:
The Assignment (3 pages):
Describe two health outcomes for which India and China have had different experiences in the last half century.
Explain the reasons for the disparities noted.
Describe the experience for those outcomes in Kerala and suggest reasons for why they are similar or different from the rest of India.
Expand on your insights utilizing the Learning Resources.
Use APA formatting for this Assignment and to cite the resources.
Use below resources and more.
Wilkinson, R., & Pickett, K. (2010). The spirit level: Why greater equality makes societies stronger. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Press.
Chapter 13, "Dysfunctional Societies" (pp. 173–196)
Averina, M., Nilssen, O., Brenn, T., Brox, J., Arkhipovsky, V. L., & Kalinin, A. G. (2005). Social and lifestyle determinants of depression, anxiety, sleeping disorders and self-evaluated quality of life in Russia: A population-based study in Arkhangelsk. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 40(7), 511–518.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Dummer, T. J. B., & Cook, I. G. (2008). Health in China and India: A cross-country comparison in a context of rapid globalisation. Social Science & Medicine, 67(4), 590–605.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Frieden, T. R. (2010). A framework for public health action: The health impact pyramid. American Journal of Public Health, 100(4), 590–595.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Jones, C. P., Jones, C. Y., Perry, G. S., Barclay, G., & Jones, C. A. (2009). Addressing the social determinants of children's health: A cliff analogy. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 20(Suppl. 4), 1–12.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Kanjilal, B., Mazumdar, P. G., Mukherjee, M., & Rahman, M. H. (2010). Nutritional status of children in India: Household socio-economic condition as the contextual determinant. International Journal for Equity in Health, 9(1), 19–31.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Mukherjee, S., Haddad, S., & Narayana, D. (2011). Social class related inequalities in household health expenditure and economic burden: Evidence from Kerala, south India. International Journal for Equity in Health, 10(1), 1–13.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Perlman, F., & Bobak, M. (2008). Socioeconomic and behavioral determinants of mortality in post transition Russia: A prospective population study. Annals of Epidemiology, 18(2), 92–100.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Ray, R., Gornick, J. C., & Schmitt, J. (2010, July). Who cares? Assessing generosity and gender equality in parental leave policy designs in 21 countries. Journal of European Social Policy, 20(3), 196–216.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Stuckler, D., King, L., & McKee, M. (2009). Mass privatisation and the post-communist mortality crisis: A cross-national analysis. Lancet, 373(9661), 399–407.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Tang, S., Meng, Q., Chen, L., Bekedam, H., Evans, T., & Whitehead, M. (2008). Tackling the challenges to health equity in China. Lancet, 372(9648), 1493–1501.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
The PLoS Medicine Editors. (2010). Social relationships are key to health, and to health policy. PLoS Medicine, 7(8), 1–2.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
van Doorslaer, E., Masseria, C., & Koolman, X. (2006). Inequalities in access to medical care by income in developed countries. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal, 174(2), 177–183. A
Retrieved from Walden Library databases.
National Informatics Centre, Government of India. (2014). Know India—Kerala health. Retrieved from https://knowindia.gov.in/knowindia/state_uts.php?id=60
National Rural Health Mission. (2012). RSBY-Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojnab. Retrieved from https://www.rsby.gov.in/
World Health Organization Western Pacific Region. (2009). Global health library. Retrieved from https://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/php/index.php?lang=en


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A simply or hastily executed drawing giving the essential features without the details which is often made to assist in making a more finished picture.
Movement characterized by the adoption of aggressively unconventional and often bizarre or shocking style while being defiant of social norms of behavior.
Sketchpunk Labs is the overall umbra that encompasses all the works of a singlar developer who does so under the pen name, Vor.
Maker Blog : Open Source Projects : My Thingiverse : Photo Portfolio : My Shapeways


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For two days, 10-11 June 2017, Taenggu held concerts in Hong Kong – the last stop of her Persona Asia tour. Her family also flew there specially to watch her last shows too.
On the night of 11 June, after the end of her very last show, my logical mind thought that Taenggu would most probably stay on for another day or two in Hong Kong to spend precious private time with her family and have a short holiday there. So without much expectations, I went to bed early that night, without waiting to check for any new updates of her.
That night, I had a dream of myself with my hair tied in double plaits. The story of the dream was probably set in a school or somewhere similar and what happened in the rest of my dream, I couldn't exactly remember and probably also didn't really matter. But one important detail that I remembered vividly was my hair because I rarely had my hair tied in such a way except when I was still a little girl. And I recalled myself thinking in the dream, "Now my hair is tied in plaits. How about tomorrow? Who's gonna tie my plaits for me?"
Next morning, when I woke up and checked my instagram, I was surprised to see photos of Taenggu at the Incheon airport in Seoul. It turned out that instead of staying in Hong Kong for another night, she actually took an overnight flight back to Seoul already. But there was one thing that caught me even more pleasantly by surprise – her hair.
Her hair was tied in double plaits just like mine in my dream! Even though I was asleep and unaware that she was flying back to Seoul that night, I believed my unconscious self – or my Spirit – was still following her around and projected her image into my own one in my dream. I guess my Spirit was giving me a clue in my dream that hey, I'm still with Taenggu and we are coming back home!
A couple of days later, coincidentally I was reading the chapter about dreams in the book "Silent Voices of the Soul" by Robin Leigh Vella. Here's an excerpt of what it says in this chapter:
"While we dream, Divine Intelligence is at work, answering our questions, helping us solve our problems, and taking us to school to teach us lessons we must learn. There is always a connection between what is happening while we sleep and what is taking place in our life. Spirit will show it to us as long as we are ready and willing to know the truth."
"Silent Voices of the Soul" by Robin Leigh Vella
What happened to me in my dream demonstrated how my reality and Taenggu's intertwined. I would see myself in her like how she would in me. We are deeply connected. <3


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JBL launches Jembe desktop speakers
JBL has been a big name in the speaker market for many years. The company makes speakers for all sorts of needs from home theater to in-car audio to desktop use for computer users. JBL has announced new speakers that are now available in the UK in the Jembe range.
There are two different sets of JBL Jembe speakers available, and both sets are designed to be used with computers or laptops and support the iPad, iPhone, and anything else that has a 3.5 mm output. There are two sets of speakers in the Jembe range including the standard wired set and the Jembe Wireless desktop speakers.
The wireless speakers use Bluetooth technology to connect to laptops, smartphones, tablets, and any other device supporting Bluetooth technology. Each speaker has its own integrated amplifier, and both wired and wireless versions have a special Slipstream port designed to enhance bass. The speakers are only offered in black.
Both wired and wireless versions have a volume control knob on top of one speaker for adjustment, and the power controls are found on top of one of the speakers. Each speaker measures 4 3/16 x 4 3/16 x 5 5/16 inches. The wired Jembe two-piece speaker system is available for £49.99 with the wireless speaker system going for £69.99. Each speaker has 6 W of power and a frequency response of 80 Hz to 20 kHz.


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One of many crypto technologies desired goals, when digital coins had been very first created, was to set up a secure and safe digital process of the transaction. The blockchain technology was used and still is.
Blockchain technology models were developed to become immune to difficulties frequently identified with online financial systems utilizing old out-of-date technology-problems for example account authentications, counterfeit payment, hacking, as well as website phishing frauds.
Blockchain technology itself is running on peer-to-peer universal record-keeping networking sites (Distributed Ledgers) which are secure, low-cost, as well as dependable. Financial transaction data from all around the world are kept on blockchain networking sites, and furthermore, as these records are dispersed out over the entire network of users, the information is without question naturally resistant against alteration.
Not one section of a data file may be modified without the alteration of all the other blocks within the network system, which will have to have the plot of the most of the whole network system - million scores of watchdogs.
Although - what happens if a web page seems as if it is providing you with the gateway to some genuine crypto coin exchange or perhaps crypto wallet product or service, yet is a web page meant to trick you into revealing information? You do not have the security and safety of Blockchain whatsoever - you've got another phishing fraud again, and there's a need to be protected against all this.
To maintain crypto coins risk-free MetaCert - a non-public company that claims it is committed to preserving internet users secure and safe, and its principal protection system may be used to safeguard establishments from the variety of malicious risks, and currently, they have a system built to preserve crypto coins followers secure and safe. This unique new product is known as "Cryptonite," and it's made to be placed as a web browser add-on.
Present-day browsers depend on Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) certificates which show users a tiny padlock within the web browser address bar. Users have always been advised for many years that SSL Certificates guarantee you that the website is genuine - hold the phone- phishing internet sites make use of SSL Certificates as well. Therefore users could be tricked into believing that a given website is reputable when actually it is not.
Once added onto your web browser Cryptonite program will show a shield symbol beside the address bar. This unique shield is going to change from a black color to green in the event a website is regarded to be "secure and safe." MetaCert claims they have got the world's most innovative threat intellect system with all the world's most significant databases of classified URL's (Uniform Resource Locator ) for security and safety.
Being secure and safe is always a very important thing; however, additional security products may be required in the future as technology moves ahead, at an ever-increasing speed. In the near future is QC (Quantum Computing), which is undoubtedly exhibiting excellent promise.
Quantum computing without a doubt is one of the most significant technological innovations of the modern day era. By way of harnessing the strength of quantum workings, quantum computing systems have the opportunity to undertake far more complex tasks and also to accomplish data transfer speeds previously not reachable.
More traditional computer systems depend on a binary design, utilizing a network of switches which can be each of two: on or off, symbolized using a 1 or a 0. Quantum computing's are very different because their switches could be in both the on as well as off positions simultaneously, which have been known as 'super-positions.' This unique capability to be in two at the same time states is the reason why quantum computing's a whole lot faster.
Google proclaimed more than two years back that the quantum computing prototype which they have has been One hundred million times faster compared to other computers in their research laboratory. The evolution of this technology is definitely moving ahead at a more and more faster rate.
The very first offered quantum computer was made in 2011 by the British Columbia based company D-Wave Systems. D-Wave Systems machine has been built with a central processing unit which was comprised of 16 quantum computing units, known as Qubits.
Subsequently, current market frontrunners such as Apple, IBM as well as Microsoft have released their quantum products. This trend will lead to an exponential scaling up of the number of Qubits these new machines can handle over the next several years.
Although quantum computing supports the opportunity intended for crucial breakthroughs in numerous fields, as well as for offering revolutionary answers to many of the most complex problems, it'll undoubtedly produce a requirement for enhanced security and safety, as these computer machines will also gain the capability to help hackers with their wicked deeds.
Proper protection, as well as security, will almost always be required in the crypto currency environment, just like with all various other online areas.
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payday advances no bank account las vegas, nevada Sometimes stabilizing the investing plan suggests loan that is obtaining deal witha s
Often stabilizing the investing plan implies getting loan to deal witha short-term room in funds. This could especially correct for the separate. However, those without having a bank-account might find it difficult to get cashfrom a standard bank. In the case like these, freelance check out internet site could possibly be a smart substitute for getting funds whenever teaming up witha typical monetary organization is really definitely not an alternative solution. Those that do not fit the cookie-cutter suggestions banks use to just accept prospects have in fact really situated success securing along with acquiring loans that are shorter-duration substitute lenders.
Bad Credit History Pay Day Loans for Personal Used
Banking institutions use not-so-complicated risk assessment designs to establishcreditworthiness. They generally consider carefully your credit history in addition to credit score, and in addition in the event that quantity is highsufficient plus the background deep sufficient, then you're likely to obtain your capital. Those withlow credit file and sometimes even no credit history believe it is toughto get easy cash whenever going througha standard bank or cooperative credit union. You will find a handful of many other flags that are red banking organizations watchout for. Being actually self-employed could be a non-starter when working witha conventional loan company.
exactly How will the financial institution realize that you will be self-employed? Whenever completing an auto loan app, people offer this information withvital tax papers, such as a W-2. If you're really self-employed, this details will generate in your earnings income tax papers. Although this could make it harder to get financing from some providers, there are loan that is alternative available that consistently form teams withthe self-employed.
No Credit Always Always Check Payday Advances for One-man Shop
Those along withbad financial obligation might have a harder possibility finding a financing. Unfortunately, " no credit examination loans" " are most certainly not an alternative solution, as financial institutions will regularly examine an applicant' s credit file. That revealed, those withnegative credit rating might be able to locate supporting througha funding resource that is different.
One type of various loaning is personal used loans that are payday. This system is really a short-term auto loan that you may be usually likely to repay on your own following pay day. Loan providers will surely love to understand which you have now been really receiving constant repayments for current month or two, and in addition it requires to most certainly not matter if those remittances arrived throughyour individual provider. It will truly be actually to your perk if these repayments are about eachother worrying their measurements. This indicates the creditor persistence in your profits.
Talk withthe loan company you have got really selected to sort out the great particulars regarding the therapy procedure. It's encouraged your deal witha trustworthy lender when making a decision that is final your payday advances no bank checking account las vegas, nevada. Buying about could give you some area for plans, whichmay create greater lending limitations along with a lot more lenient payment timetables.
Standard Requirements for Independent Pay Day Loans
Aside from your loan company, you shall truly must have to provide a signature. Withphysical financial institutions, the process will surely be as simple as authorizing the files that are proper. The process is going to be somewhat even more complex if you decide to work withan on-line creditor. Because you can't provide an average signature, you may want to own to provide an e-signature. Developing an e-signature is truly because simple as typing your title to the perfect carton on your financing institution's internet page. It is exactly like binding as a typical signature. Your finance business will undoubtedly record your pc's Internet Protocol deal withas well as equipment ID. Doing this supplies the e-signature quite as great deal credibility as a typical one.
Upcoming is evidence of work. In the event that you run as a freelancer that is online supplying statements and also remittance confirmations originating from your consumers may be actually a suitable replacement a W-2 under many instances. Generally, PayPal slips are now actually likewise reasonable. Confer with your lender to make sure that either of those collections of papers will abide by.
If you fail to have these papers, your treatment solution shall be significantly more challenging. Training shall never be impossible, with that said. In the event that you confer with your loan company regarding your dilemmas, you might find they consent to collaborate withyou in discovering a calm substitute for these files that may concur that you will be really acquiring a continuing earnings. While their readiness to deal will probably muchyou're rest on how claiming to earn, it is still worthtrying in the event that you don't have many alternatives easily available.
Self Work gets regarding the development
Current innovations in brilliant innovation in addition to all-online organizations has really lead to self-employment arriving at be much more typical than it remained in previous years. Because of this, financing institutions are now actually muchmore ready for teaming up withindependent people. If the sorts of work may seem like a feasible method one to work, they truly are more likely to view you as being a reputable friend.
We touched onto it earlier in the day, nonetheless if you have really a disparity that is sizable eachof your paydays, lending institutions might see your revenue as inconsistent. Consistency is essential whenever calculating your eligibility, consequently in case the incomes are hugely inconsistent, it could show a difficulty that is considerable your demand method.
As a result, it's to your perk to possess a number of months of regular profits in position before you start getting an individual used loan that is payday. Possessing this back ground of incomes will be specifically useful certainly if you're looking for a larger payday loans no bank account las vegas, nevada higher than $five hundred.
Your Bank Checking Account
it might be simpler to locate capital once you possess an account that is checking. It is still difficult to obtain backing without a bank account when it comes to those working for companies. It shall certainly be that muchmore challenging for you personally, too.
With out a checking if not banking account, car finance loan providers are likely to perhaps maybe maybe not find a way to eliminate your repayments instantly. Without having a checking account, you have to rely on to dive witha ton of hoops to face up an chances at being accepted for a financing.
Direct deposit is by far the most popular approachlending organizations you create usage of to deliver funds. It is fast, frequently available within less than one working day, and additionally lending organizations are now actually confident within their legitimacy considering the fact that a bank that is big really being employed as an intermediary. The lender may be additional good in working withyou than they'd truly otherwise.
With Your Charge Card Instead
You may have the ability to get withcashor a cashadvance with your bank card. Often card businesses affix highcharges to cashpayments. You might want to talk withyour company to view if this is basically the instance. A cashloan is clearly a extremely simple technique. This choice is truly easily obtainable to the ones that have a very credit card withthis functions. It is possible to obtain from the storage device utilizing an ATM MACHINE and a while later spend the cash right back in the shape of your regular month-to-monthbill. You have to notice that some customers realize that this approachis much more high priced than short-term loan, given that initial costs for getting cash throughyour bank card is greater, and afterward there clearly was really the excess enthusiasm you are going to certainly be obligated to repay based upon the length of time it will require one to pay back the debt that is financial.
You are an independent worker, you may think about making use of payday loans no checking account las vegas to supplement your profit if you require to create an emergency remittance and. They might be a trusted and technique that is also uncomplicated enhance your life style if spent carefully.


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SAIPA Gaining Ground Against Rival in Iran's Auto Market
EghtesadOnline: Iran Khodro and Chinese car assemblers are losing ground to their main rival SAIPA, according to newly released data.
Donya-e-Eqtesad, the sister newspaper of Financial Tribune, released the latest auto market report for all passenger vehicles sold in the domestic market during the first 11 months of the current Iranian year that ends on March 20.
The report says IKCO's share in the market has dropped 4% while SAIPA has grown 3.5% compared to same period last year.
Private auto manufacturers, like MVM, Kerman Motor and Bahman Motor — which are mostly producing Chinese and South Korean models in collaboration with the parent companies — also registered a 1.6% decline and now have a 7.4% market share, Financial Tribune reported.
According to the newspaper report, the two semi state-owned auto manufacturers, IKCO, and SAIPA had a collective share of 87.4%.
During the period IKCO had a 49.4% share – down 4% year-on-year compared to its last year's 53.5% share.
SAIPA was able to increase its share in the market by 3.5% and grabbed 37.9% of the saturated local car market.
Sales of Imported Cars
The report said the share of imported cars in the auto market rose 1.6%. New models and attractive sales schemes and good after sales services have enabled importers to take a 5.18% share in the auto market.
More than $2.3 billion worth of vehicles and auto parts were imported in the eleven months.
Data says 61,077 units were imported during the period. The estimated value of the imported vehicles was put at $1.6 billion.


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Champion AC
Mountain Cedar Season in San AntonioJanuary 21, 2013
There's both good and bad news when it comes to mountain cedar in San Antonio.…
Champion AC
Prepare for Mountain Cedar SeasonNovember 29, 2012
Courtesy: Dr. Paul Ratner The countdown is officially on. We're about two weeks away. Are…
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Friend of the website, Smelter, sent in some interesting links relating to items on the site. I'm adding them to the appropriate pages but so that you don't miss them I'm listing them here as well.
Curta, Mechanical Calculator: These things are fantastic! A purely mechanical mathematical calculator.
I've added a link to the Gears from the Greeks page.
Synchronising Metronomes: Thirty two metronomes are set running. Over a period of a few minutes they synchronise their ticking. Watch the very last metronome as it goes from 180° out of synch to fully in sync with the others. Fascinating stuff!
I've added this link to the pendulum zine page.
Antikythera Mechanism: A mini documentary about the incredible Greek mechanism used to plot the position of the planets.
I've added a link from the Gears from the Greeks Page.
Thanks Smelter!


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This month we profile PhD student Stephen McCloskey. Stephen's research is a data-driven multidisciplinary project analysing sleep disorders using machine learning techniques to identify quantitative characteristics.
Please tell us a little about yourself
I am a current PhD student at University of Sydney that was born and raised in Sydney. I graduated in 2016 from University of Sydney with a combined degree in Bachelor of Information Technology (Honours) and Bachelor of Science.
Through my studies, I worked with the Alertness CRC and the Brain Dynamics Group investigating sleep dynamics, who were developing a sleep-wake model to assist with issues including sleepiness and adaption during jet lag and shift work. In that project, I investigated and incorporated the altering effects of light on sleep in the sleep-wake model.
What is your research on?
Currently in sleep medicine, clinicians subjectively diagnose sleep disorders such as insomnia, however the quantitative characteristics of many sleep disorders have not been determined. My research is a data-driven multidisciplinary project analysing sleep disorders using machine learning techniques to identify quantitative characteristics.
My project focuses on identifying characteristics of sleep disorders including insomnia disorder and OSA using PSG. This includes identifying potential phenotypes of insomnia disorder using EEG to assist diagnosis of insomnia, identifying hypopnea and obstructive apnea events in nasal airflow and investigating the quantitative characteristics of sleep stages using sleep trajectories from a neural-field brain model.
What are the real world consequences of your research?
The vision of this project is to identify the main characteristics of different sleep disorders to allow more accessible and cheaper personal devices at home to monitor abnormal states of sleep. This would provide patients with an objective diagnosis that could be used to assist with a more precise and personalised treatment of these sleep disorders. This could also be used to provide larger scale feedback with real-world data that can be used to further improve the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.
What does digital health mean to you?
For me, digital health refers to the union of technology and healthcare that allows people to monitor and manage their own healthcare with a greater accuracy and with more objectivity using data-driven approaches. For many medical conditions, including sleep disorders with tiredness, doctors currently work with subjective complaints, as it is difficult or expensive for people to access the current studies used analyse those conditions, i.e. it can take weeks of preparation for an overnight sleep lab.
Digital health assists with this by investigating how to make healthcare more accessible so that can be used at home to track and identify health issues with objective measurements, which allows people to make informed decisions and make medicine more personalised and precise to their needs.
Digital health also allows for more real-world data to be generated, which allows for larger scale data-driven approaches to allow researchers to further improve their understanding and treatment of different health problems, particularly uncommon or rare conditions. This can be used to improve research into these conditions more effectively than isolated studies set in precise environments that may not be realistic for many people.
A very big thank to you to Stephen for being our June profile.