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I wrote about my maternal great-grandmother back here, but I've been thinking it was time to put something down on paper about my great-grandfather. I've been collecting links and scanning documents and photographs for a year or two to prepare for this effort. I started by creating a timeline of all of the dates and facts I knew about him. Then, I added links and titles of photographs and documents to the timeline. The timeline can serve as a template for writing a simple history for Brigham Young Mansfield (1851-1924). Here is how the Word document looked when I was finished. (Please click on any of the photographs or documents that you wish to see more clearly.)
I can always make changes as new information comes to light, but as I learned when I wrote about my female ancestors, it's important to just "Start with what you have!" Ready, go!
On 23 July 1851, Brigham Young Mansfield became the third son born to Gervis George Mansfield and Jane Slater in Ashbourne, Derbyshire, England. The oldest son, Francis, was born in 1843 in Burton upon Trent, the hometown of his mother. The middle boy, William, who was born in Clifton in 1846, lived only one month. Father Gervis had been taught by Mormon missionaries and joined The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1849, hence the unusual name given his third son honoring the second president of the church.
On 2 October 1853, Brigham's mother Jane died from a short illness (conflicting records state 1854). Brigham would have been just two years old. In November 1854, his father remarried to Jane Cromar.
In May of 1863, Brigham, along with his father and step-mother, boarded the Ship Cynosure in Liverpool, England, with George Q. Cannon acting as leasing agent, to join other Latter-day Saints in America. Francis, who by then was an adult, stayed behind in England. Though father Gervis, on various records, was identified by different occupations, such as boilermaker, policeman, and sweep, he listed himself as a blacksmith on the ship's manifest.
Upon landing in New York 19 July 1863, the Mansfield family traveled overland to Utah and arrived before the winter of 1863/1864. They settled north of Salt Lake City in Box Elder County. There, on 31 May 1869, Brigham was baptized.
In 1873, Brigham married his first wife Henrietta Almeda Douglas, an American born woman of sixteen years, in Salt Lake City. The couple had five children. Their first daughter Helen was born in Ogden, Utah, in May of 1875 and died in October of that same year. Their second daughter Henrietta was born in August of 1876, also in Ogden. Daughter Jane was born in Box Elder, Utah, on 9 April 1878 and lived only until 20 June 1878. Back in Box Elder, Henrietta gave birth to a son, Gervis Bates, on 2 June 1879. Their last child, Minnie Alvira, was born 9 August 1882. Henrietta passed away just eleven days later and little Minnie died on her nineteenth day.
Brigham's father was part of a Latter-day Saint settlement in the Malad Valley of Idaho, where many Welsh Saints had gathered. There, Brigham met a young Elizabeth Ann Williams, who had also crossed the Atlantic with her parents and other church members, under the leasing authority of Franklin D. Richards, on the Ship John Bright.
The couple married in Malad on 6 February 1883. In addition to farming, Brigham drove a freight wagon to earn a living. He made frequent runs between Idaho and towns such as Ogden and Collinston, Utah. Store ledgers of the Samaria Ward Cooperative record various transactions for the family, from exchanging loads of freight for pantry goods, to bartering butter and eggs from the couple's farm for clothing and even candy.
Elizabeth, in addition to raising Brigham's two surviving children, would go on to have thirteen children of her own. Son Brigham was born 3 January 1884. He lived just four days. Samuel was born at the end of that year on December 26. Heber was born 21 October 1886. Before their next son Francis, named for Brigham's brother back in England, would be born on 14 June 1889, Brigham said goodbye to his step-mother of thirty-seven years when Jane Cromer Mansfield passed on 6 August 1888 in Box Elder.
In February 1892, Elizabeth gave birth to a son Clifford in Pocatello, Idaho, but daughter Nora was born the following year, 21 April 1893, back home in Samaria. Son Leonard joined the family on 30 June 1896. Walter was born next on 2 January 1899.
In 1902, Elizabeth gave birth to another baby boy, Kenneth, on 11 July. The family would mark this occasion by sitting for a portrait, a fortunate thing since Brigham would leave for England the following year. One month after Kenneth's birth, Clifford passed away on 21 August at the age of ten.
Brigham Young Mansfield was called to serve a mission for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to his homeland on 27 February 1903. He recorded his travel, service, correspondence, poetry and thoughts in a small journal he purchased from "Albert E. Heazell Bookseller, Stationer, Etc.," 66 London Rd., Liverpool. Page 1 begins,
Samaria, Idaho Feb 24th 1903 – Well I do not know where to begin. This is the hardest day's work I ever done in my life. I did not know how I could leave my wife and children. My heart is too full for words. I can not express my feeling. To think I must tear myself away from those that are dearer than life. Never will I forget that parting. I leave a loving wife and children. What for? For the sake of the Gospel. Will go and do the best I can leaving all that I have on this earth in hand of God who gave them to me.
Brigham's mission was cut short due to illness. He described back pain with some frequency. It was severe enough to keep him from leaving the house on many days, though he always found things he could do while resting it, such as writing letters or preparing tracts. On 23 May 1903, he wrote that he had sent his wife one of the pictures he had made, of which he purchased one dozen (see portrait to the right). Brigham lived and served in the very towns where he grew up and from where Mansfields originated and still lived. He sought out and taught relatives whenever possible.
He came back to America aboard the SS Mayflower, arriving in Boston in August 1903 and taking a train back to Utah. His final entry is 7 September 1903 in which he described crossing over the Mississippi and Missouri rivers and losing his satchel at a station in Colorado.
Upon returning from his mission, Brigham resumed duties on his farm and ranch. The Mansfields had creek side property in Samaria as well as grazing land outside of town. Four more children were born to the couple post-mission. A son George was born 18 August 1905. A little girl, Elizabeth, was born 6 March 1907. The following month, on 24 April 1907, Brigham's father Gervis died at the age of 77. On 13 September 1908, daughter Elizabeth died at eighteen months old.
On 23 May 1910, Elizabeth and Brigham welcomed my grandmother, daughter Thelma, into their home. Nearly three years later, Elizabeth would give birth to her last child, Burton Williams, on 3 January 1913.
At the age of 62 and after living in American territories and then the State of Idaho for 49 years, Brigham would be naturalized as a United States citizen on 21 April 1913. The certificate describes Brigham as being 5'5″ tall and having gray eyes and gray hair. It also describes the location of his minor children, starting with Nora, 19, living in Hooper, Utah; and Leonard, 16, Walter 14, Kenneth 9, George 8, Thelma, 2, and Burton, 3 months; all living at home in Samaria.
That same year, 1913, the family posed for another portrait. This one in front of the family home in Samaria. The youngest child, Burton, is in Elizabeth's arms, my grandmother stands to the right of her, and son George is on the horse. Brigham, all 5'5″ of him, stands to the left of his wife. On 26 October 1918, the Mansfields' adult son Francis died at age 29.
In the 1910 and 1920 censuses, Brigham no longer listed himself as a farmer, but as a laborer of 'odd jobs.' On 24 October 1924, Brigham Young Mansfield died suddenly of a heart attack at age 73. After long journeys, sacrifice and heartache, numerous joys, and much hard work his labors were complete. His wife Elizabeth would finish raising their youngest children, Thelma age 13, and Burt age 11, who were still at home and would become very close. Elizabeth never remarried and died twenty-five years after her husband.
Hopefully, this post demonstrates what is possible when you want to write an ancestral narrative and you do not have much in the way of interviews, personal accounts, correspondence, etc. Start by illustrating a time line of your ancestor's life with the pictures and documents you can find and the words will come, eventually. Of course, there is always more that you can do, but putting off the effort of writing family history until you have "everything," means that it will all be forgotten before it ever gets done!
Even I can do more. I can incorporate the research of others who have uploaded stories to FamilySearch and Ancestry. I can study the census and archival church records more carefully for dates and addresses and use Google Earth to document locations. I can certainly add local and political history as it pertains to Brigham's life. But, this timeline has helped me put together what I have, right now, and doing so has taught me so much about my ancestor in the process.


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Wednesday, November 27, 2013
Training Tips & Protective Equipment for Hockey Players
Organized hockey leagues require a large amount of equipment to protect participants from the frozen rubber puck and other players while playing the game. Basic equipment needed includes a helmet, shoulder pads, neck guard, hockey gloves, padded hockey pants, skates and of course a stick. It is recommended that players invest in hockey specific equipment from a well-known hockey manufacturer due to the risk of injury players expose themselves to every time they step on the ice. While MMAR Medical recognizes the need for specific hockey gear, we also suggest you explore popular hockey rehabilitation equipment to help players recover and perform their best.
Protective padding
Hockey players travelling at high speeds on wheels or a blade are susceptible to collisions and wipeouts. To cushion the fall and decrease the impact on a player's knees we suggest investing in Mueller Knee pads. The extra strength knee pads slide up the player's legs and an elastic material provides a comfortable and snug fit. The lightweight, non-bulky padding allows the player to move freely and not be encumbered by larger pads. These hockey knee pads are recommended for street or roller hockey players looking for more knee protection. Many ice hockey leagues require USA Hockey approved full leg protection available at hockey specific retailers.
Skate Insoles
The importance of leg strength to the sport of hockey cannot be overstated. Forwards, defenders and even goalies rely on their leg's conditioning and power to skate faster and longer than opponents during training and in competition. For players to maximize their play their feet must be comfortable. Much of that has to do with properly fitted and broken in skates. If your skates are not as comfortable as you'd like consider Prothotic Performance Sport Insoles to cushion the often hard skate soles. Choose from a range of men's and women's insole sizes to provide exceptional arch and metatarsal rise support and guard against harmful over-pronation. An advanced polyurethane base layer cushions the entire foot and will never flatten or lose comfort over time. The anti-friction fabric will keep the hockey skate insole in one place and even wicks moisture away from the foot, reducing heat and the risk of uncomfortable blisters.
Hockey Joint Braces
There is no replacement for a strong and healthy joint but bracing an injured or recovering joint can give you confidence to play the sport you love at a high level. If you suffer joint weakness or pain we recommend adding a hockey knee, wrist or ankle brace to your equipment list. MMAR Medical stocks a wide selection of low profile braces designed to fit underneath your equipment. Most hockey skates provide excellent ankle support when laced properly however if you still require extra ankle support, browse our hockey ankle braces that will give additional muscle and joint stabilization.
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UK students to converge on the University of Derby for a 48-hour XNA Game Studio 3.0 frenzy.
On Friday 20th March 2009, videogame design and development students from all over the UK will relocate to the University of Derby's cutting edge Computer Games Lab for the first XNA GameCamp.
Produced by Pixel-Lab for Microsoft and Channel 4, X48 will see which games the next generation of industry talent can create in less than 48 hours. Using Microsoft's XNA Game Studio 3.0 the teams will build game prototypes on a theme to be unveiled during Friday morning's initiation.
Competitors will gain valuable experience in time-bound development, and X48 will provide them with the chance to show their creations to a Microsoft-led panel of judges at the closing ceremony. Channel 4, Microsoft and students alike will benefit from being in a hotbed of emerging talent and like-minded developers from around the country.
During the two days, University of Derby will be providing the hardware and software needed to develop the games at their Kedleston Road site, as well as providing teams with sleeping and refreshments facilities.
The event's theme this year will give students a challenge to make innovative new games that look beyond the traditional puzzle game or first person shooter. This could create conversations around games that don't normally happen, and maybe even lead to new audiences.
The event is free to attend, but registration is on a first come first served basis at http://x48.eventbrite.com
Alice Taylor, Commissioning Editor for Education at Channel 4: "Channel 4 Education is excited to be sponsoring X48. We're fully behind encouraging collaboration and competition between young and emerging British indie gaming talent, and fully approve of the freewheelin' creative environment that X48 is going to produce. We'll be setting the theme of the challenge, and keeping an eye out for both talent and games that we can continue to support or develop post-event."
Andrew Sithers, Academic Lead at Microsoft UK: "X48 is a great opportunity to bring like-minded students together and inspire them to create games using XNA. Partnering with Channel 4 and the University of Derby brings together technology, creativity and talent at an event that will pit the UK's best student game developers against the clock."
"The UK is seen as a hotbed of talent in game design, and X48 will be a testament to that, giving students not only the chance to talk to commissioners but also create a game that may make it to market" said Toby Barnes, Managing Director at Pixel-Lab.
John Sear, Programme Leader in Computer Games Programming at the University of Derby: "It's a huge honour for the University of Derby to be collaborating with Microsoft UK again. It shows the standing we have nationally in the area of computer games education."
"Our labs are designed around working in a real world game studio and are the ideal environment for students to be productive and creative in. I'm sure the teams will produce some fantastic games over the weekend."
Notes For The Editor
Website: www.x48gamecamp.com
Logos and images for press use: www.x48gamecamp.com/press-resources
Contact: Richard Birkin
firstname.lastname@example.com | 07973480098
Twitter: x48
About Microsoft
Founded in 1975, Microsoft (Nasdaq "MSFT") is the worldwide leader in software, services and solutions that help people and businesses realize their full potential. www.microsoft.com
About XNA
Microsoft XNA Game Studio is a revolutionary toolset and technology that makes creating great video games for Windows-based computers and the Xbox 360 console (with an active XNA Creators Club membership) easier than ever. www.xna.com
About Channel 4
"Channel 4 Education broke new ground in 2008 by moving its television spend online: its budget of £6m was spent with British indie talent, in producing video, websites, services and games for 14-19 year olds, including the BAFTA-winning Bow Street Runner. 2009 has started with Routes ( www.routesgame.com) and a number of web, PC and cross-platform games soon to follow. Channel 4 Education aims to grow and support UK-based indie gaming talent in producing highly entertaining games and other services that have, at their heart, something fascinating to learn from."
About Pixel-Lab
X48 is produced by Pixel-Lab, a computer games and digital media development agency working across the UK's computer game and digital media industries. Pixel-Lab advises, develops and delivers strategies to support growth in the games industry from skills development to support infrastructure. Pixel-Lab also works with organisations outside the industry, enabling them to harness the power of play. Pixel-Lab are developing a number of new programmes that put innovation and talent development at the heart of the game development process.


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Here lie some designs and ideas, sane, insane and silly. Call (330) 227-IDEA for more info. All are in various stages, from dream to done. A more comprehensive portfolio (with pictures!) is available upon request.
0. Anti-war T-shirt. Some people found this T-shirt offensive.
1. Automate time billing for lawyers (and others). Imagine that your computer automatically figures out what you're working on and logs your time. You review it at your convenience before sending the bill out. No need to log your time every 6 minutes (this is what lawyers are supposed to do). Saves your time, effort (or that of your secretary), and most importantly, focus on your client instead of breaking your concentration every few minutes. Many lawyers I've spoken to love this idea. This can also be used by accountants, consultant, pretty much everyone who does time billing and works on multiple projects or tasks.
a. Adaptive glasses that cut down opposing traffic headlight glare. I've been interested in this for over 15 years. The technology is almost right for a real product. A completely workable prototype can be made for under $3000. I have a very basic prototype that works; we need to make a more robust, demonstrable one to attract further financing. Anyone interested? An investment in R&D and electronic production (plus knowledge of the latter) is required. Patent rights available.
b. Spec scripts. I am working on treatments for two short stories/scripts. These will be ready for presentation by June 2010. The odds are that one of every 229 scripts submitted is selected. How hard is it to be that one?
c. Providing free printer paper to companies. Subsidize printer paper for large companies that still use loads of it for internal & external use. Think law firms, financial companies, etc. Save dead trees. Live trees, I mean.
d. Getting rid of 90% of the mice and rats in the city. Pest control in Boston and New York does one thing: provide jobs for pest control people. My solution is a new take on how cities that have low or no rodent populations do it. This can really work. It will need buy-in from the city, though. Er, councilman? Give a try?
e. Infant Formula TurboScoop (TS) is a fast scooper for infant formula that saves parents time and the torture of repetitive tasks. Normally, up to 24 scoops a day, day after frickin' day is common. First-timer moms & dads will buy anything that shows that they're better parents. Add this up. This would be a perfect marketing give-away for Nestle or another baby food company. We need to finish the prototype in Rhino, get a 3D model printed and show it around. With all the time saved, parents can go eco and wash cloth diapers. Best of all, TS is compatible with existing formula food packaging and requires no retooling. If you work for Similac or Nestle, call me.
f. Gohere!gothere! a web service that lets users plan trips to certain locations that are limited by time. Think Open Houses on a fine Sunday morning. If you're a homeowner, you know what I mean. You have read the classifieds, pick a bunch of places and figure our where to go first, where next, etc. with ghgt, you put the info into the web page – better yet – you select the places you want to go to on boston.com or nytimes.com, press a button and presto! You get an itinerary and a map. This actually works. I took it down as I didn't know how and didn't care to market it. I'm a gearhead, a techie. I built it and they didn't come. If you are interested in resuscitating and co-developing this project (remember, it actually works!), please contact me.
g. Architecture and interior design, photography, art. I do all of these. I've done the architecture & interior design for several of my apartments. I was a semi-professional photographer and still dabble in that dark art.
h. CharMycard. A fun way to take your tap-n-go train card (Charlie Card) and put it into a mobile phone charm. Great for those who don't use wallets often. Use your phone which is always in your pocket instead of digging out your wallet from the depths of your bag or backpack. I use it, works well. This was more of an art project, but I've (surprisingly) had a few people interested in buying one, and in marketing the thing itself.
i. Golf caddy cart that follows you. There are already remote control carts over there. This is the next step in guy laziness. Let the cart follow you around. Why use your pudgy finger to press a button? Focus on your game and your fat gut!
j. eLandlord – automate everything. eLandlord provides landlords and property managers with a huge advantage over others by making property management (leasing, rent collection, advertising, accounting, blah, blah) electronic and automated. We use this and it saves us tons of time and money. We're working on making this into an information kit or a website to make others' lives easier.
k. Residual income from open source software. Trying to figure out a way to make FOSS compete with for-profit software and have it come out trumps. There are good reasons non-FOSS software is generally better. But there might be a hybrid biz model that works better.
l. Hydrofoil sailboat with computer controlled gyroscopic stability. Like a segway for the sea. This would be great for racing, but something like this already exists... pshaw.
m. Boomerang ball – energized by the throw (already exists), and then returns to thrower, as near as possible.
n. Domain name squatting in some new, unexplored territory. A cheap way to squat on domain names in a totally new space. Soul scarring idea.
o. Nosplashback Urinal. No splashes. Use plants or grass-like plastic objects to divert the splashes inwards and not outwards towards the "user." Give ammonia, nitrogen, urea back to nature. Why waste? We're the only animal that defecates in clean water.
p. Simple idea to hide your key. Exchange with a neighbor who doesn't live next door. Put your key under HIS mat and he puts his key under YOUR mat. Or someone else's MAT. Simple, yet makes it pretty hard for someone to find your hiding place. Well, now he's going to force your door open and splinter it. Oh well, we can't win them all.
q. Designer slingback shoes with band-aids printed on the back and around the toes. I mean, they're going to get used anyway. What about a little pocket on the shoe to hold some real band-aids? Cars come with a spare wheel in the boot, shouldn't slingbacks come with repair stuff on the boot?
Design ideas
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July-December 2015
Volume 9 | Issue 2
Page Nos. 49-121
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p. 49
Naresh Thukral
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Comparative study of diode laser 940 nm in performing frenectomy in both: Continuous and pulsed modes: An
in vivo
p. 50
Aws A Al-Khatib, Asmaa S Al-Azzawi
The Objectives of this Study:
The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of diode laser 940 nm in both, continuous and pulsed modes. Then compare the outcomes of frenectomy procedure, and find the best mode that satisfies the patient's and the surgeon's criteria.
Materials and Methods:
This study was carried out on 14 patients of which 7 were males and 7 were females with age range from 7 to 46 years. Patients underwent diode laser-assisted frenectomy in continuous wave (CW) mode with power ranging from 1.5–3 W and pulsed mode, which was subdivided into comfort pulse 0 (CP
) with 6–10 W peak power; 1.2–2 W average power and CP
with 2–10 W peak power; 1–5 W average power. Anesthesia method and need, the duration of surgery and intraoperative bleeding events were recorded in all cases. In addition, patient preoperative fear, perception and comments were reported. Ratings of the postoperative pain and the functional complications for each patient in a questionnaire survey were reported using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale at operation day throughout the 1
week postoperatively. All patients were examined at 2, 7, and 21 days after the operation in order to assess the surgical wound healing.
In the clinical study, seven patients were operated on without infiltration anesthesia (only spray anesthesia) in the pulsed mode while in CW-mode only one patient operated on with spray anesthesia in low power. Intraoperative bleeding events were bloodless to oozing. There was no preoperative fear; patients' perceptions were comfortable with satisfactory comments except in CW cases and some of the CP
cases. Severe postoperative complications were absent in all subjects. The reported survey results indicated that the patients treated with the laser had normal day activity on operation day, less postoperative pain and fewer functional complications were noticed in the CP
mode. The surgical wound healing was within normal limits in 7–14 days. Carbonization was the main feature of cases treated with CW-mode while it was mostly absent in the pulsed mode.
: The use of CW-mode of diode laser can be considered no more suitable for performing oral soft tissues surgery. The pulsed mode was found more practical, effective and easy to carry out incisions, cuttings with less intra and postoperative complications considering its advantages in the clinical cases. The CP
pulsed mode laser treatment offers a safe, effective, acceptable, with impressive outcomes particularly for young patients.
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The effect of 808 nm diode laser irradiation on shear bond strength of composite bonded to dentin before and after bonding
p. 69
Mohammadreza Malekipour, Farnoosh Alizadeh, Farzaneh Shirani, Shahram Amini
As bonding ability to tooth surface is an important factor in durability of composite restorations, the aim of this
in vitro
study was to evaluate the effect of 808 nm diode laser irradiation with different power outputs on the shear bond strength of composite bonded to the dentin before and after applying the bonding agent.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 35 healthy third molars were mounted in acrylic resin in a way that each molar had two test sites and divided into seven groups of 10 each. In the control group, the bonding agent was used without laser application. An 808 nm diode laser with different power outputs of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 W for a duration of 20 s was irradiated perpendicularly to the dentin surfaces in three of the experimental groups before and in the other three groups after applying the bonding agent. After composite cylinders had been adhered, they were examined to determine their shear bond strength.
According to the least significant difference test, the bond strength mean significantly higher in the control group (
< 0.001) and in all laser power outputs, the mean bond strength was significantly higher in the groups for which laser was irradiated before applying the bonding agent than the groups for which laser was irradiated after applying the adhesive (
< 0.05).
Considering the higher bond strength in the control group, it seems that applying laser does not increase the bond strength of composite to the dentin.
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A randomized controlled clinical trial on efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis
p. 75
Suryakanth Malgikar, S Harinath Reddy, P Raja Babu, S Vidya Sagar, P Sunil Kumar, G Jagdish Reddy
Background and Objectives:
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of dental lasers for treatment of periodontal diseases. Recent preclinical and clinical data have suggested a potential benefit of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of periodontitis.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PDT as an adjunct to nonsurgical mechanical therapy (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Materials and Methods:
In a single-centered randomized and controlled clinical trial, 24 patients with untreated chronic periodontitis were assigned in a split-mouth design into two treatment groups which included: Group I: SRP only (control group), Group II: SRP and PDT (1% methylene blue solution) (test group). Clinical parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), modified sulcular bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months after therapy.
Inter-group and intra-group statistical analyses were performed. The improvement in clinical parameters was significantly greater in Group II as compared to Group I. The mean PD (mm) reduction from baseline to 6 months in Group I was 2.50 ± 0.54, Group II was 2.57 ± 0.53. The mean CAL (mm) gain from baseline to 6 month in Group I was 2.63 ± 0.47, Group II was 2.55 ± 0.44. A statistically significant decrease in PI, GI, mSBI scores was seen in Group II at the end of 6 month (
< 0.001).
The present study suggests that an additional application of single episode of PDT could be beneficial adjunct to nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis in terms of clinical parameters as compared to scaling and root planing. Direct subgingival delivery of methylene blue in different concentrations should be performed to further investigate the potential antimicrobial effect of soft lasers in the human periodontal disease.
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Design and implementation of noninvasive laser imaging system for human teeth carious detection and removal
p. 80
Yasser H El-Sharkawy
Knowledge of heat transfer in biological bodies has many diagnostic and therapeutic applications involving either raising or lowering of temperature, and often requires precise monitoring of the spatial distribution of thermal histories that are produced during a treatment protocol.
This paper, therefore, aims to design and implementation a laser therapeutic and imaging system used for carious tracking and drilling by developing a mathematical algorithm using Hilbert transform for edge detection of photothermal imaging. Photothermal imaging has the ability to penetrate and yield information about an opaque medium well beyond the range of conventional optical imaging.
Owing to this ability, Q-switching neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser at wavelength 1064 nm has been extensively used in human teeth to study the subsurface deposition of laser radiation.
The high absorption coefficient of the carious as compared to the normal region contributes to a greater increase in temperature generating infrared thermal radiation captured by the high resolution thermal camera. Changing the pulse repetition frequency of the laser pulses affects the penetration depth of the laser, which can provide three-dimensional images in arbitrary planes and allow imaging deep within a solid tissue.
Photothermal imaging with 2-D Hilbert transform algorithm is a powerful tool for human carious detection
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of low power diode laser with different wavelengths in dental caries prevention
p. 89
EM Awooda, NA Almuslet
To investigate the effectiveness of low power diode lasers, with different wavelengths and different irradiation times in caries prevention an ex vivo study.
Materials and Methods:
True experimental posttest design on 130 extracted human premolar teeth by measuring caries-like lesions examined by polarized light electron microscope after irradiation by four low power diode lasers 532 nm (4 mW), 671 nm (100 mW), 675 nm (30 mW), and 810 nm (20 mW). A fifth group was added as a control (without irradiation). The specimens were prepared by coating the teeth with acid resistance nail varnish leaving uncovered 2 mm × 2 mm of the enamel surface mesially or distally below the contact area. For each wavelength, samples were divided into three groups for three irradiation time as 4, 8, and 12 min; each group consisted of 10 teeth. Irradiated samples and the control were immersed in lactic acid (4.8 pH) and incubated for 21 days under controlled temperature of 37°C and controlled PH of 4.8. After the incubation period, the teeth were sectioned longitudinally by dissecting the 2 × 2 enamel window and the depth of the lesion was measured microscopically. ANOVA test was used to compare between different wavelengths and different irradiation times with level of significant set at P ≤ 0.05.
: The depth of the caries-like lesions in 810 nm and 675 nm was more than that in control group (180 μm), while statistical significant difference was found (P = 0.002); when the 671 nm and 532 nm lasers wavelengths revealed depth of 70 μm and 112 μm, respectively. Increasing irradiation time decreases the depth of caries-like lesions.
Diode laser of wavelengths 532nm and 671 nm showed less depth than control group, indicating caries prevention effect. Increasing irradiation time to a certain value increases resistance to acid dissolution.
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Comparison of labial frenectomy procedure with conventional surgical technique and diode laser
p. 94
RM Patel, S Varma, G Suragimath, K Abbayya, SA Zope, Vishwajeet Kale
An Aberrant frenum encroaches the gingival health when it is attached too closely to the gingival margin, either due to interference in the plaque control or due to a muscle pull. Such condition has to be treated by frenectomy which can be performed by scalpel, electrocautery, or with soft tissue lasers. Hence, the aim of the study is to compare the degree of postoperative pain and healing experienced by patients during frenectomy procedure with surgical scalpel and diode laser technique.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 20 subjects ranging from 16 to 40 years of age group with papillary or papillary penetrating frenal attachment in the maxillary anterior region were selected. Enrolled subjects were randomly divided into two groups as follows Group A (n = 10): Comprised of 10 subjects selected for conventional scalpel technique. Group B (n = 10): Comprised of 10 subjects selected for diode laser technique. Various parameters such as pain, inflammation, swelling, difficulty of procedure, and wound healing were evaluated at intervals of 1 week, 1 month, and 3
The results indicated patients treated with the diode laser had less postoperative pain (P < 0.0001) and required fewer analgesics (P < 0.001) as compared to patients treated with the conventional scalpel technique. Wound healing at 7
day and after 1 month for both the groups showed statistical significant difference with better outcome in Group A. However, wound healing at the end of 3 months did not show any significant difference between the groups.
Based on current findings and clinical outcome, diode lasers provide better patient perception and an efficient and satisfactory option for procedures such as frenectomy.
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Oral proliferative verrucous leukoplakia with oral submucous fibrosis treated with CO
p. 100
Reenesh Mechery, Manoj Kumar, Piyush Arora, T Rajkamal, Nithya Dinakar
Oral leukoplakia is one of the most common physiologic as well as pathologic white lesion in the oral cavity. Of the many variants, oral proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (OPVL) is a rare clinicopathological entity of unknown etiology. OPLV initially develops as a white hyperkeratotic plaque that eventually becomes a multifocal disease with confluent, exophytic and proliferative features. Published case series with long-term follow-up describes OPVL as a disease with aggressive biological behavior due to its high probability of recurrence and a high rate of malignant transformation. This article describes a rare case report of OPVL associated with oral submucous fibrosis in the light of current information with clinical and histological aspect in a young patient, which was successfully treated with CO
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Diode laser: An alternative treatment modality for ankyloglossia
p. 104
Vijayendra Kumar Jain, Gagan R Jaiswal
Ankyloglossia or tongue-tie refers to an abnormally short lingual frenulum. Ankyloglossia is a recognized but poorly defined condition and has been reported to cause feeding difficulties, dysarthria, dyspnea, and social or mechanical problems in childhood and adolescence. This article reports a simple, safe, and effective way for management of ankyloglossia associated with restricted movement of the tongue. The treatment involved a diode laser for removal of the lingual frenum, which healed uneventfully. A marked improvement in the movement of the tongue was observed at follow-up visits in the treated case.
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Diode laser for treatment of peripheral giant cell granuloma
p. 107
Jafri Zeba, Nafis Ahmad, Deepika Shukla
Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is not a true neoplasm but an exophytic benign growth of gingival tissues which has an origin either from periodontal ligament or mucoperiosteum. Clinically, it appears as a solitary nodule which may be sessile or pedunculated, color may vary from pale pink to deep red or purplish blue. The lesion varies widely in size, but usually is between 0.5 to 2 cm in diameter. The treatment is complete surgical excision which can be done either by a scalpel, electrocautery or lasers. This case report presents use of a diode laser aluminum gallium arsenide (denlase 810 nm) in contact mode for the treatment of PGCG. Use of lasers has shown various advantages over the conventional method and is a good treatment option.
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Effectiveness of 904 nm gallium arsenide diode laser in treatment of oral lichen planus: Report of two cases
p. 110
K Patil, PT Bhattacharya, MV Guledgud
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Diode laser treatment of an oral squamous papilloma of soft palate
p. 114
PS Rakhewar, Harshal P Patil, Manojkumar Thorat
Oral squamous papilloma is one of the most common benign epithelial neoplasm, frequently seen on the tongue, palate, uvula, and gingiva; and found to be associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) 6 and 11. Treatment laser-assisted surgery is common because of several advantages such as successful hemostasis, devoid of sutures, wound sterilization, and minimal postoperative pain and edema. The aim of this report is to present the case of oral squamous papilloma of the soft palate in a 57-year-old male patient and its management with a diode laser.
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Application of diode laser for the management of oral verrucous carcinoma mimicking
p. 118
Kumar Nilesh, Neelima A Malik, Nupura Vibhute, Girish Suragimath
Oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) is a variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma which shows a local invasive pattern without any distant metastases. Accurate diagnosis of OVC depends on a careful association between clinical and histological features of the lesion. This paper reports a case of OVC over mandibular alveolar mucosa, mimicking Candidiasis. Use of diode laser for the management of the lesion is also described.
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Superdrug adds more prestige brands as beauty sales rise strongly
Superdrug is upping its high-end beauty credentials. The high-street beauty giant has added seven new premium brands and 102 product lines to its retail portfolio, "reinforcing plans to further build market share through its premium beauty strategy".
And more beauty brands are set to be added throughout the year, it noted, "marking another step in the brand's commitment to delivering high-quality, on-trend, accessible beauty".
The latest move follows a strong beauty performance for Superdrug over the year-to-date, growing its fragrance and cosmetics sales by 39% year-on-year.
The big-name newcomers for the retailer include YSL, Viktor & Rolf, Prada, Giorgio Armani, Valentino and Narciso Rodriquez fragrance brands, alongside American cosmetics brand Urban Decay.
The upscale additions "demonstrate Superdrug's response to the shifting retail landscape, offering its customers beauty choices for every budget", the retailer added.
It also said the new category offerings will be supported with "genderless" in-store fixtures while all stores carrying the new premium brands will feature a team of highly-trained experts "to inspire and educate customers, providing a seamless luxury experience".
Copyright © 2023 FashionNetwork.com All rights reserved.


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Calculus? Metaphysics? Closet Materialist?
Tell me that this was scripted. I was eating Play-Do and cutting crooked in 2nd grade.
Posted on August 29, 2006 Posted by John Scalzi 18 Comments
Athena's gone back to school today. School officially started yesterday, but we had to write her a note ("Please excuse Athena for missing the first day of school. She was at Disneyland"). And to top things off, as this video shows (for those of you with RSS feeds, he says), she has a few complaints about her classes. It's always something.
Calculus? Metaphysics? Closet Materialist?
Tell me that this was scripted. I was eating Play-Do and cutting crooked in 2nd grade.
See, this is the problem with public schools these days. Everybody knows you have to learn regular physics first before metaphysics…
Ah, so that's the problem with schools in Louisiana. They're teaching all the wrong subjects!
So the one week extension will get us more good material until, say, Friday?
Alas, no. I used yesterday and today to catch up with non-novel business. Back to the grindstone tomorrow. I want to see if I can get this baby done over Labor Day.
I'm waiting for her to turn out to have been homeschooled so far…
John, I have to say that Athena is a much better actor than you. The tone of your voice screams "staged." Athena, on the other hand, is completely and utterly natural.
Well, you're never going to lose any points with me by telling me that my progeny does something better than me. That's what you hope for.
better than I, you writer.
Great kid. So … um … why isn't she on the school board?
That "duh-oi!" sound would put the bus drivers' local right in their place.
better than I, you writer.
The "than" here should probably get classed as a preposition, making "I" an object, making "better than me" the appropriate construction, you pedant.
I second Athena's deadpan… for a full twenty seconds I thought I'd been transported (ha ha) into the world of Star Trek:TNG educational curricula.
As per 'than I' vs. 'than me', I've heard it argued by various parties that the reason why it's "than I" is that structurally a predicate is required after the I/me, as in "… does something better than I do." However, I totally agree that if one chooses to treat 'than' as a preposition, then the objective case of 'me' is definitely correct.
I should start doing my Google searches before starting to write comments. Linky here sez that either functional interpretation of 'than' is acceptable, though there can be slight differences in meaning, depending on context. Tricky…
Also, my name and URL seem to be randomly disappearing when I hit 'preview'… 's that a 'feature' of the newest release of MT?
So. . . Athena goes to Elroy Jetson's school, then?
Reminds me of the first (I think) Dr. Who movie. There's an opening scene of domestic bliss as the grandkids (pre teens) are reading Calculus, Quantum Mechanics, etc; the teens are reading Kant, etc; and then we come to the kindly Doctor who is reading a comic book.
So, Calculus since kindegarden. That means she must be on vectors now and on her way to differential equations by the spring?
Damn. I thought Athena was older than 7. If only for the fact that my daughter just does not read lines well and could never pull of "closet materialist."
Lucky you. Always good to have a good sidekick.
As far as the "than" discussion goes:
"Never argue nomenclature with a pedant. It wastes your time and annoys the pedant".
At first I thought I was dumb becouse I didn't study calculus when I was in second grade…
Now I know I'm dumb for thinking anyone studied calculus in the second grade.
Thanks for mentioning the video as I was indeed reading using a RSS feed and wouldn't have known about it. It was funny too :).


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Saving money and budget in hoisting operating expenses
mining and heavy duty cranes
M.R.E. has wide experience with regard to the analysis of rope hoisting systems at different applications: mining, heavy duty cranes, high rise elevators etc.
We will visit yours plant and listen to yours problems and fears, will analysis tha application and examining all its components and sub systems in order to provide you:
The best recomendations in order to improve budget, safety and production.
M.R.E. service includes consulting with regard to optimization of hoisting systems. Our experience includes anaysis of the performance of deep Koepe and drum winder shafts: equalizer performance, traction performance, rope maintenance and inspection.
Analysis of the hoisting system: rope and its interactions with the machine
Rope selection
Rope deterioration process
Rope inspection
Optimal design of rope systems to achieve good interaction between rope and machine
Identifying the sources and causes for fast un- reasonable deterioration rate of the ropes
Training of the maintenance team with regard to rope issues: inspection and discarding
Consulting with regard to good practice in rope issues


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Woodworking & Refinishing
Architectural Woodworking, Inc., amazes clients by building and installing custom stairs, handrails, balusters, fireplace mantels and more - onsite.
"There is nobody else in town who will build and finish a stairway like I do it," David boasts. He likes to think of the staircase as the largest piece of furniture in the house. Making furniture, in fact, was David's road to the stairs.
"I started in the late 1970s making custom furniture and later got involved in construction where I had a chance to do some stair work."
David does little work for contractors. Working with homeowners is one of his favorite parts of the job.
"Contractors are not that involved in the job," he says. "They are doing it for the money. For the people living in the home there is an emotional attachment to what we're doing."
"This is a dream to be in business for myself, to be doing something that really makes my customers happy," he says. "The most exciting thing is the final moment when you finish a project and hearing the home owner say " wow."!
Project Gallery
Click on any photo to enlarge it and begin a slideshow. Within the show, hover on the picture for the Next and Previous buttons. Click the Close button to return to this page.


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Breathing New Life
Lynn Sibley has spent her career improving the odds for new mothers and babies
Lynn Sibley first saw the infant coffins at the market in Bolivia.
They were for sale alongside brightly colored vegetables, beads, and woven fabrics. She started seeing them everywhere.
"I thought to myself, I don't want to be a tourist anymore," she says.
Now a professor in the Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Sibley has devoted her career to reducing maternal and infant mortality around the world. She founded and directs the Center for Research on Maternal and Newborn Survival, which is part of the Lillian Carter Center for Global Health and Social Responsibility.
Sibley recently published the results of a pioneering program—the Maternal and Newborn Health in Ethiopia Partnership (MaNHEP)—in the Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health. Funded by an $8.1 million grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the program uses a participatory approach to create community-driven best practices to help families in resource-scarce areas.
The grant illustrates the power of private philanthropy to make a difference. "She's changing lives," says Ken Hepburn, professor at the School of Nursing. "This approach could change the course of women's and newborn infants' lives on a global scale."
After practicing midwifery for six years as a faculty member at the University of Colorado, Sibley sought graduate training in anthropology to conduct research and undertake applied work in global health. For her dissertation research, she examined traditional midwifery in Belize.
"Having practiced as a midwife in the United States, I had romantic notions of traditional midwifery," she says. Instead of intervening as little as possible, however, the traditional birth attendants manually dilated the woman's cervix and pushed down on her belly to help the baby move down—practices understood by medically trained care providers to be potentially dangerous.
Sibley realized that the birth attendants had a radically different view of the body and processes of labor. They believed that when the belly got hard, the baby was trying to come out. They viewed the uterus as a passive organ that required external help, and that understanding guided their practice. Sibley also witnessed the failure of government training of traditional birth attendants—who had been taught to use gloves to prevent infection, but touched everything in the room while wearing the gloves; and were taught to use a bulb syringe to help clear the baby's nose and mouth just after birth, but blew in rather than sucking out.
"There was no common space of agreement," Sibley says. "The government training was not fully successful because it did not account for the world view of the traditional birth attendants regarding how the body works during labor and birth."
With a deep understanding of the challenges of traditional home births, Sibley helped create the Home-Based Lifesaving Skills program for the American College of Nurse-Midwives. Using a skills-based participatory approach, the program teaches home birth attendants about basic techniques that don't require expensive tools. Sibley led the first field test of the program in India. Today the program is used in twenty countries including India, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, and Belize.
In 2000, Sibley and another colleague from the American College of Nurse Midwives were invited by Save the Children to implement the program in Ethiopia. She returned during the next four years to follow up. During this time she met Abebe Gobyzayehu, a pediatrician and faculty member at Ethopia's Debub University and Sibley's coprincipal investigator and project director for the Maternal and Newborn Health in Ethiopia Partnership.
Ethiopia has one of the world's highest rates of maternal and newborn mortality. Most women give birth at home because the population is largely rural, with very few doctors and nurses. In 2011 only 10 percent of women gave birth with a skilled provider in attendance, and only 7 percent received care within two days of giving birth.
Building on the earlier work of Home-Based Lifesaving Skills, the program aimed to improve the capacity and confidence of frontline health workers to provide maternal and newborn health care, increase the demand by women and families for maternal and newborn health care, improve self-care behaviors, and demonstrate a district model of continuous care improvement.
The Maternal and Newborn Health in Ethiopia Partnership (MaNHEP) effectively linked households to health facilities and was driven by health service and community leaders working together. In November 2009, Sibley received the Gates grant, which allowed her to expand her work within the existing Ethiopian health care system.
Drawing largely from her earlier project in Ethiopia, Sibley put together a team of Ethiopian experts to help run the new program. Gobyzayehu took the lead in Ethiopia as the project director. Lelissee Tadesse—one of Sibley's former trainees—also joined the effort.
In 2000, Tadesse was a newly minted eighteen-year-old nurse with midwifery training. Initially resistant to the training, she quickly saw the results of working with families and grasped the importance of participatory training. She eventually became the senior maternal and newborn health adviser on MaNHEP's team.
"Lynn had the vision for MaNHEP and put together a team that would flesh it out," says Hepburn. "She enabled them to take the lead in the areas where they had expertise."
Sibley and her team trained health extension workers and supported them while they, in turn, trained traditional birth attendants and community health care workers, who were paired to form a guide team. Based in their own communities, guide teams worked with pregnant women and their family members—including husbands—through a series of structured meetings focusing on care before, during, and soon after birth.
"If you want to improve maternal and newborn outcomes, you need to create a space for real dialogue and learning that starts with what people already know and do," Sibley says.
Meeting four times in each family's home, the guide team asked about family members' experiences with birth-related problems, what they did, and what happened. Then the team shared what a trained health worker would do in that situation. Using pictorial checklists and role-play, family members practiced different scenarios, such as resuscitating a newborn.
A leading cause of maternal death in Ethiopia is postpartum hemorrhage, which can kill a healthy woman in two hours. Most people know women who bled too much after giving birth and died. Traditional beliefs hold that too much bleeding is a sign of a spirit who has come to steal the woman's life, and the way to fight the bleeding is to frighten off the spirit.
After discussing the family members' experience with hemorrhage, the guide team taught them how to do uterine massage and other basic nursing practices, and how to transport a woman who is bleeding to a health facility using local means, a litter.
Community improvement teams consisting of district health service staff and area leaders—elders, administrative council members, women's association heads—drove efforts to improve maternal and newborn health care using a collaborative approach. They supported the guide team family meetings and figured out the best practices to ensure that women received adequate care at each stage of birth. "For anything to last, it has to come from the people themselves, and it has to be theirs," Sibley says.
The partnership paid off. "Women used to think of coming to a health facility as bothering others or creating trouble for the health workers," says Habtam Gedif, a health extension worker in Mecha. "Now they've realized the importance of health care and are demanding more services."
Frontline health workers' knowledge, skills, and confidence improved tremendously, and women's use of any antenatal care increased from about 48 percent to 86 percent, while their use of postnatal care increased from 24 percent to 75 percent. There was a substantial shift in the care providers women used—away from unskilled family members and traditional birth attendants to health extension workers and other professional health care providers.
Perhaps most encouraging, fewer babies died—the interval between newborn deaths began to increase significantly about nine months into the program.
"The training made the pregnant woman herself the center of our focus," says Asmarech Desta, a health extension worker in Abukeku. "We now stay longer with the women and provide them with personalized care to meet their needs in prenatal care, assist them during the birth process, and offer emotional and physiological support."
The regional health bureaus and district health offices, with minimal support from the MaNHEP team, introduced and spread the program to seventy-four additional villages in the two regions.
Local ownership of the project extends to authorship and publication as well. "Half of the articles published in the special edition of the Journal of Midwifery and Women's Healthhave Ethiopian first authors," Hepburn says. He traveled to Ethiopia three times to run writer workshops for the first-time authors and created a work plan to develop the articles.
"Writing a research paper gives you a new lens for understanding the project," Gobyzayehu says. "We learned how to document success stories, which indicators are the most important, and how to write about projects in the future."
A second MaNHEP project is now underway in Afar, a remote pastoralist region in the desert. This version is using the same model, but has added antenatal care and maternal nutrition to the program—counseling, iron, and folic acid, as well as deworming pills, to prevent anemia.
"Small changes can save the lives of mothers and children," says Gobyzayehu. "When you work with a community, you can implement basic interventions that make a difference."
"In a way, this is midwifery on a different scale," Sibley says. "It's about supporting and nurturing growth and possibility. I think about practicing midwifery again, then I realize I'm doing it now."


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The Purity Movement of the 1990s and early 2000s communicated many Biblical truths but also conveyed a lot of unintended messages.
Growing up in The Purity Movement of the 1990s
Your neckline must be two finger lengths from your collarbone. You can't watch that movie. Your shorts are too short. You shouldn't date. Sound familiar?
Like many of you, I grew up in The Purity Movement of the 1990s and early 2000s. To be honest, purity seemed kind of cool at the time. There were giant conferences promoting it, teen pop stars modeling abstinence, and parents buying their daughters fancy rings if they committed to saving sex for marriage.
You could even say that purity was popular.
But today, the word "purity" is anything but. Due to The Purity Movement's strict guidelines for how to please God and how to win a husband, the word "purity" carries negative connotations and disappointment for many. Some women even associate it with strong feelings of shame and anger.
Why? The church wanted us to save sex for marriage, dress modestly, protect our hearts and have successful marriages. All good things. But too often their messages came across like this:
- Purity is the same thing as abstinence
- Virginity makes you more valuable
- Sex is an evil to be avoided
- Pornography is just a man's issue
- You shouldn't date
- If you do everything right, your wedding night will be perfect
- Modest is hottest
Purity became a list of do's and don'ts….
Missing the mark by missing the heart
When the life Jesus calls us to becomes a list of rules, we miss the heart behind it all. Our self-inflicted guidelines quickly turn into legalism and spiral into spiritual disappointment. That's exactly what happened to Linda Kay Klein, the author of "Pure", a book chronicling the damage that The Purity Movement inflicted on her life.
I was saddened when I read about the book. Because I know she's not alone. As a full-figured girl, Klein felt ashamed for being curvy, often accused of dressing immodestly. She did not know how to handle her God-given sexuality. Due to a traditionally narrow view of sexuality, her church failed to communicate a narrative for singles, equated purity with abstinence, and implied that virgins were somehow worth more. Girls were told to sign an abstinence pledge, stifle any sexual desire and think of sex as an evil to be feared, instead of a sacred thing to be protected.
This message missed the heart of God.
Rather than loving God and His ways, girls her age were whimsically wishing for a romantic reward. Rather than honoring God with their bodies, girls fell into thinking that abstinence was about earning the promise of a happier life. I've been a good girl, so God should bless me with the perfect husband.
Klein says she followed all the rules, but the promises of The Purity Movement came up empty, leaving her bitter and causing her to reject what she'd been told.
Calling ourselves a "purity ministry"
Because of the hurt and confusion that women like Klein experienced, some popular authors have chosen to exchange the word "purity" for "sexual integrity", but we want to reclaim it.
As with many biblical truths, our misconceptions about purity come from misconceptions about God.
God doesn't just want us to have sexual integrity. He wants our hearts. God desires that His daughters passionately pursue a relationship with Him instead of just following a list of rules and becoming better people.
We call ourselves a "purity ministry" because we believe the word "purity" communicates a fuller picture of God's redemptive and relational heart. We all start off impure. Our purity is not our own. It's God's to give. He washes us clean by the blood of Jesus Christ, our Savior. Perhaps that's why the word "purity" refers to both our sexuality AND our relationship with God throughout Scripture. "Purity" makes us aware of our total dependance on Him.
"You should be sanctified: that you should avoid sexual immorality; that each of you should learn to control his own body in a way that is holy and honorable, not in passionate lust like the heathen, who do not know God. . . . For God did not call us to be impure, but to live a holy life" 1 Thessalonians 4:3-5, 7
"Therefore, my dear friends, as you have always obeyed—not only in my presence, but now much more in my absence—continue to work out your salvation with fear and trembling, for it is God who works in you to will and to act in order to fulfill his good purpose…so that you may become blameless and pure, children of God without fault in a warped and crooked generation." Philippians 2:12-13,15
"I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy. I promised you to one husband, to Christ, so that I might present you as a pure virgin to him. But I am afraid that just as Eve was deceived by the serpent's cunning, your minds may somehow be led astray from your sincere and pure devotion to Christ." 2 Corinthians 11:2-3
"And every man that hath this hope in Him purifieth himself, even as he is pure." 1 John 3:3
"Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God." Matthew 5:8
Re-read those verses and notice how purity sometimes refers to our sexuality and other times it refers to our relationship with God. Purity is about so much more than abstinence, it's about our faultless standing before the throne. Because of Christ, we are pure and blameless before Him. We are to pursue Him wholeheartedly with pure devotion and a pure heart.
Does we want us to live sexually pure lives as well? Of course! But our external actions flow from an inward purity of the heart, not the other way around. Loving Him means living for Him.
Matthew 5:8 doesn't say that the rule followers will see God, it says that the pure in heart will see God.
Putting relationship before the rules
Remember how I said I grew up in The Purity Movement of the 1990s and early 2000s? Well, all things considered, I am grateful I grew up in a household that put a love for God before a list of rules. When I was eleven, my dad bought me a beautiful diamond ring, but he didn't try to tie it to sexual purity. As new Christians, my parents didn't exactly buy into the typical Christian fads. In fact, I don't think he even knew what a purity ring was! He just wanted to let me know me how much he loved me so I didn't have to look for that love elsewhere.
Later I decided to buy myself a purity ring. But it was only after I understood what it really meant to love God with all of me.
My parents always emphasized relationship before rules, encouraging us to be sensitive to the conviction of the Holy Spirit and to be aware when something would grieve God. And they were on to something.
God wants our hearts not our rules. He created us to love Him. That's why we are reclaiming purity as passionately pursuing the heart of God.
Join us on the journey.
Recommended resources on understanding God's design for sexuality:
- Sex, Jesus and the Conversations the Church Forgot by Mo Isom
- Christian Cosmo by Phylicia Masonheimer
- What are you waiting for by Dannah Gresh


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Harmon's Mission Statement
• Adhere to the highest principles of ethical business conduct
• Nourish professionalism by delivering fast service, quality products, and fair prices.
• Cultivate integrity by being thoroughly honest with our clients.
• Promote consistency with our superior services and interaction with our clients
• Foster innovative ideas by challenging ourselves to give you superior service.
In so doing, Harmon's will remain the leader in pool repair and continue to be customers' first choice.


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Adult mental health services provider Devon Partnership Trust (DPT) has the fifth highest rate of patient safety incidents causing death in England.
However the trust says the death toll doesn't just include people under its care, but also those who have recently left or been discharged from its services.
New data has show there were 2,106 deaths recorded by the NHS in England in the last six month reporting period from April 1 2018 to September 30, 2018, which were due to patient safety incidents.
During that period there were 53 deaths reported by DPT, which is the fifth highest out of the NHS trusts in England.
Patient safety incidents are defined by NHS Improvement as any unintended or unexpected incident which could have, or did, lead to harm for one or more patients receiving healthcare.
A spokesperson for DPT said: "Ensuring patient safety is our overriding priority and to do that we are committed to a culture of incident reporting to make sure we learn from each death, whatever the cause. To do this we are developing a culture of improved reporting, along with the rest of the NHS.
"The reporting mechanism only allows us to classify deaths as a 'patient safety incident,' no matter what the cause may be. As well as deaths that occur in our services we actively encourage staff to report any deaths including those of people who have recently left or been discharged from our services, as well as those who may be still under our care.
"Whether a death is expected or not, it is a loss for the deceased's family, friends and community and it is important that they are reported to the National Reporting and Learning System (NRLS). Reporting a patient safety incident does not necessarily indicate an error or failure as we have to wait for the final outcome of any investigation, case review or coroner's report in order to fully understand the circumstances of the incident."
Jason Brady, partner at Blackwater Law, said: "It is critical that NHS trusts focus on providing safe and effective care. Patient safety incident statistics provide important transparency about all reported safety incidents.
"All reported patient safety incidents are either unintended or unexpected incidents which did cause harm, or could have caused harm, to at least one patient.
"Recording over 239,000 separate patient safety incidents causing unintended or unexpected harm across NHS England, in just six months, is a number that will concern the public and it is a number which warrants attention and action at the highest levels of NHS management."


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Readers like you keep news free for everyone.
More than 5,000 readers have already pitched in to keep free access to The Journal.
For the price of one cup of coffee each week you can help keep paywalls away.
Readers like you keep news free for everyone.
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For the price of one cup of coffee each week you can help keep paywalls away.
THE BODY OF an Iraqi migrant who tried to swim across the Channel from France to Britain has been found off Belgium's coast, Belgian authorities have said.
The 48-year-old was discovered on Friday near the seaside resort of Zeebrugge, wearing a makeshift life jacket made of empty plastic bottles and carrying a small bag with his identity papers, the prosecutor's office in Bruges said.
"It's the first time we've found the body of a migrant," Carl Decaluwe, the governor of western Flanders province where Zeebrugge is located, told AFP.
Officials believe the man drowned while trying to swim from a beach in northern France to Britain. Currents are thought to have transported his body to Belgian waters.
He was found drifting near a wind farm some 30 kilometres off Zeebrugge, the Belgian news agency Belga reported.
He had attempted the swim after failing to obtain asylum in Germany, according to the agency.
Eight days before the Iraqi's body was found, a Belgian sailor had spotted a man wearing a belt made of empty plastic bottles crying for help in waters off the French coast of Dunkirk.
The sailor had informed French maritime authorities of the 18 August incident, saying he had tried to save the man, but he was swept away by a current.
Migrants are taking ever greater risks to reach Britain from France, which has taken an uncompromising approach towards so-called economic migrants who come to Europe in search of a better life in contrast with those fleeing war or persecution.
Since January, some 1,450 migrants have been rescued either by British or French coastguards, more than double the number who attempted to cross the busy shipping channel in the whole of 2018, according to official French figures released yesterday.
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Ciao Marion.
We are back home and safe. and finally it is all sinking in. adrenaline levels are going back to normal and I am having a late morning coffee with my husband!
With all going on I failed to acknowledge a few things and that's why I am now writing a mail.
Kristina & Simon
Saturday 31st August 2013
Kristina & Simon Villa Giona
Laura & Stefano
Friday 26th July 2013
Laura & Stefano Catholic Ceremony in Church on the hill above Villa Giona and Reception at Villa Giona
Lauren & Brian
Thursday 27th June 2013
Lauren & Brian Civil Ceremony at Villa Giona
Liz and Paolo
Saturday 22nd September 2012
Kay and David
Saturday 15th September 2012
Kay & David Verona / Villa G


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So what lands its way to my inbox this week but the invitation to a high school reunion. Mine, as it happens to be. While I contemplate how old and pathetic I feel in the face of such promise of youth, I'm left reflecting on what a silly idea this ten year anniversary is.
For example, this isn't 1943 anymore...ten years after high school a great number of my classmates still live with their parents: of the four girls on the contact sheet for the reunion, three of them still have their maiden names and parents telephone numbers. The other is married (to be fair, one of the others is engaged and the classmate who forwarded me the email is also married), but she was married within a year of high school. A two year reunion would have covered the same ground for her.
Thinking back on the "Good Old High School Daze"TM I'm left thinking how really lousy they really were, and how many of those people I knew back then I have no interest in seeing.† This isn't a new development either: back in Grade 12 I gave specific warning that I was not going to be attending any premature reunions. I told them I would be at the 25 year reunion party (weather permitting) [and barring unfortunate demise caused by not knocking on wood while typing this entry -ed] but not to expect me at any previous one.
Now while I had no doubt in my mind that a mere decade away from these people would prove insufficient for my opinions of them to mellow, I nevertheless was approaching this upcoming date with a small amount of dread. I knew that I would be tempted, were I sitting at home playing X-box or out having a drink at Elephant and Castle on Whyte, to drive down there and succumb to the temptation of visiting the big party "just to see how its going".
Fortunately, the fates have smiled kindly on me in this matter: the date is scheduled during a period in which I will not be in the country [astute readers of this blog will recall that this might just mean he's in Kelowna, so don't get so excited -ed] and therefore have no chance whatsoever to be tempted to go down and check it out. That's so awesome.
The only wrinkle is that they want an up-to-date photograph and writeup of "what I've been up to" for an updated yearbook. I'm afraid I can't get out of this one: my mother will simply write one if I don't do it, and she'll leave out all the good parts [the Class of 1996 would never get over missing out on learning that rather than being poor and alone in Edmonton their esteemed classmate was in fact poor and alone blogging in Edmonton -ed]. Probably worth the $5 just to have that memory of what these people were up to and be safe in the knowledge that this can substitute for actually seeing any of them for another 15 years.
† There is, as there always is, a couple exceptions. One "friend" (the word is a little strong) I haven't seen since high school, but he's in France with a gorgeous wife [reminding us again that even ugly dorky looking kids can acheive beauty in the bedroom through the virtue of daddy's oil money -ed]. Chatting again with him might be less than horrifically disturbing. And like all men who spend their late 20s blogging, back in high school there was a girl, G_______, who certainly would be nice to see, though I likely wouldn't talk to her. But I already know where she works (the Edmonton Journal nicely stuck her in the paper for me last year) and saw her in person only a couple years ago, though I neglected to (say hello/catch her attention/not hide behind a wall until she passed) and therefore it probably doesn't count. Still, not worth going just to see somebody who doesn't really want to talk to me and might not even be there. $5 can get me her writeup just as easily.
Unnecessarily early nostalgia
So what lands its way to my inbox this week but the invitation to a high school reunion. Mine, as it happens to be. While I contemplate how old and pathetic I feel in the face of such promise of youth, I'm left reflecting on what a silly idea this ten year anniversary is.


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Map of the local innovation industry.
Meet some of the best and newest startups based in Mexico city.
Dev agency for API-driven startups.
Create flexible data endpoints, abstract the boring stuff & focus on buiding your app.
First Crowd-partnership platform
We are currently building the first community of " Crowd-partnership " (association based on masses), working through physical and online platforms. Our interaction focuses on two main groups 1Entrepreneur Partners: Entrepreneurs, or potential entrepreneurs, whom ...
UnCrowding all the Places
There's the tech to define where is no traffic at all (Waze, Google Maps, etc). But what if we have the tech to define where's no people at all? Here's UNCROWDER, the tech to discover non-crowded places. Discover new places and enjoy the uncrowd.
Creative media community and job board
Creative media community and job board with 30,000 members. 5,000 jobs have been possible.
Buy and sell customized manufactured products, made from FREE Open Designs.
Makersforge is an ecommerce marketplace to buy and sell customized products, also is an online Open Design repository, that hosts design drawings of the products that are commercialized in the platform. We want to empower the people to fabricate whatever they ...
The first and leading crowdfunding platform in Mexico
Fondeadora is the first and leading crowdfunding platform in Mexico. We bring crowdfunding as a funding tool for creatives in general by executing strong online-offline marketing strategies that spread and consolidate the model in the latin american market. Because ...
You submit and pick the best designs. We make them a reality.
Canvaz works with creative talent and helps them find their audience. Currently we are Threadless for Latin America but our vision expands much farther. We believe the region is filled with talent. That is why we are creating a crowdsourcing platform for individuals ...


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Tropical handwoven raffia clutch made by artisan communities in Java & Bali islands. With cute pom-poms on its side, this clutch will be your best friend for your exotic Spring & Summer trip or simply when you want to feel warm tropical Bali vibes in your life.
Details :
• Dimension : around 9.5 x 6.5 inches
• Material : Raffia Straw
• Completed with satin inner lining
• Zipper closure
* Please note that this bag is handmade, so no two bags are alike and the measurements might slightly vary from one to another.
Sit back, relax and enjoy these beautiful tropical collections exclusively designed and made for you to bring the true exotic beauty from Bali into your home and life.
Our Accessories can only be considered beautiful if the process used to produce them preserves the integrity and beauty of the Earth and her people.
All our items are dispatched from the US within 2-4 business days. If you are not 100% satisfied with your purchase, you can return the product and get a full refund or exchange.
Together, we can make a positive impact with every purchase. By buying sustainably, wear them more often, and make them last longer. Together we can make a big difference.


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Steiner's Riflescopes offer a wide variety of reticles perfectly suited to your hunting, competitive, or tactical shooting adventures. From clean, simple designs for fast-actiontarget shooting, to detailed, precision reticles for longrange shooting. The precision adjustment system pinpoints accuracy which is easily achieved with Steiner windage and elevation adjustment systems. Each scope tube is milled from solid, high-grade aluminum stock for greater strength and durability along with a variety of lens coatings for add strength, protection, and clarity and are fully shockproof and can withstand up to 900 Gs of impact. The T5Xi brings unmatched clarity, accuracy and self-assurance to any situation, from combat to competition. The Close Range model featuers a locking dioptor that prevents accidental rotation, consistent eye relief, and a tapered, all metal magnification ring which is angled so the shooter can see their magnification setting while positioned directly behind the scope. It also has an one-piece 30mm tube which provides greater elevation and windage adjustments for longer ranges, a throw lever that allows quick, easy magnification changes and Tenebraex lens covers to protect the lenses from dust and moisture. This 1-5x24mm model has an Illuminated 3TR 5.56 reticle. It uses a CR2450 battery (not included).
|Waterproof, Fogproof
|19.40 oz
|Illuminated 3TR 5.56
|Eye Relief
|Coating Type
|Waterproof, Fogproof
|Field Of View
|108-21 ft @ 100 yds
|Tube Diameter
|Parallax Adjustment
|100 yds Fixed


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State Rep. Bill Friend's (R-Macy) legislation to allow the use of cannabidiol (CBD) oil for severe epilepsy passed out of the Indiana House of Representatives Tuesday with a vote of 98-0.
House Bill 1148 would allow a person to possess CBD oil if they or their child have been diagnosed with severe epilepsy, and they meet certain commonsense safety requirements. Friend said CBD oil is a compound refined from industrial hemp that has a wide scope of medical applications, including the control of epilepsy and seizures.
"Allowing CBD oil would provide desperate parents another possible treatment for their children," Friend said. "Many families have exhausted all of their options trying to find the right medication to effectively relieve the symptoms of juvenile epilepsy without some of the dangerous side effects. Under this legislation, parents and physicians would be able to explore CBD oil as a treatment option without the threat of prosecution."
Friend said CBD oil, while derived from industrial hemp, has extremely low levels of tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, so it cannot be used as a recreational drug.
CBD oil has shown documented effectiveness in helping manage the symptoms of otherwise persistent conditions of epilepsy, such as Dravet Syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome.


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When I was pregnant with Kennedy I had a grand vision of a maternity photoshoot in the snow. Everyone knows I always enlist in my husband to be my photographer and do our own photoshoots. Today, I am excited to share my experience and how to nail your winter maternity photoshoot in the snow!
First and foremost, if you don't live in a place that gets snow all over the city & you need to go to the mountains (like me) CHECK WITH YOUR DOCTOR FIRST! Because of the elevation change I thought it best to consult with my Dr. first. I am glad I did because he did not want me going up after 36 weeks!
The doctors orders will make or break your deadline for photos. I knew I had to go up no later than 36 weeks, and I tried to give a week buffer so I did these photos at about 35 weeks. You will also want to look to weather and try to schedule your photos around a snowfall. The more snow the better, but make sure you are being safe with traveling in the snow. (of course!)
I also like to take in account how comfortable I am feeling and how big my bump is. I always want my photos to really accent my bump. However, if you are someone who doesn't want photos at your most swollen time I would do photos earlier in the pregnancy.
As far as location goes. I knew I wanted blankets of snow. The only place near us for that is the mountains. I remembered an area that had big open spaces as well as a bridge and big trees. I knew it would be perfect for a variety of shots!
Think of places around your town that will get covered in snow and pick the best spot that will complement your outfit and style. Also make sure there is safe parking and safe walk ways for you and your photographer!
You know your style best, but I hands down recommend the Sew Trendy Dresses! They have a HUGE variety for every season & style. The cool thing with Sew Trendy is that they have matching newborn pieces, too! So you can do pictures in your outfit again once you have the baby or the pictures will go together on the wall because of the colors!
I am wearing the Red Emerlie Gown in a Medium. These are so stretchy but defiantly go by the sizing chart! My floral crown can be found here! I chose the floral crown to accent my dress, but also because I knew my hair could be unruly and this would help! I did have 2 pairs of pants on under my dress and snow boots on!
My ultimate advice on how to nail your winter maternity photoshoot in the snow, you should wear something formfitting. It accents all your sexy pregnancy curves and really shows the bump! Stay true to you, though. If you aren't comfortable in the outfit, it will show in the photos!
Your photographer should have great poses and prop ideas, but if you are DIYing your photoshoot like me then here are some ideas!
- Figure out what side you like photographed first! You aren't going to like the photos as much if its your "bad side".
- When placing your hands on your belly, make sure your arm is leaving a gap to see the arch of your back.
- Look down at your belly, off in the distance, smile with and without teeth. Those little changes make a difference in the photos!
- For the snow a blanket or blanket scarf (like I used) is a nice touch! You can also use it as a swaddle in newborn photos!
- Baby shoes, clothes or something you bought for him/her is always sentimental!
- Keeping your shoulders up right and sticking out your belly and butt at the same time, really helps accentuate your bump and curves!
I hope this how to nail your winter maternity photoshoot in the snow tutorial helps you! If you take photos in the snow, tag me on Instagram!
Check out my other posts here!


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Eiko's A Body at the Pillow
July 22, 2017
In an exclusive one-day-only engagement, Japanese-born artist Eiko Otake will perform A Body at the Pillow, a site-specific solo performance on the historic grounds of Jacob's Pillow. The work is the newest installment of Eiko's A Body in Places series, which includes performances in train stations, warehouses, and libraries, as well as the irradiated Fukushima, Japan. Praised for her "unassailable intensity," Eiko is able to "radiate both frailty and abandon" in her performances (The New York Times).
Eiko's appearances at the Pillow as Eiko & Koma date back to the early 1990s. Their work has been presented at prestigious venues including The Joyce Theatre, Brooklyn Academy of Music, and a month-long living exhibition at the Whitney Museum of American Art. In addition to her Anonymous was a Woman Award, Eiko's solo work at Danspace Project's PLATFORM received a special citation at the 2016 New York Dance and Performance ("Bessie") Awards.
Event Dates
Oh no! You missed this one! Check our calendar for future events.
What People Are Saying About Eiko Otake
"She can radiate both frailty and abandon."
The New York Times
Eiko's A Body at the Pillow
At Pillow Grounds: Jul 22 - Jul 22


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Saba, a dancer with Cambridge Contemporary Dance company, asked for a headshot session to help her promote her consultancy business. As both of us are Johnians, it wasn't difficult thinking of a location for the shoot.
I'm really appreciating having reflectors for photoshoots, as they're great for bouncing direct sunlight, and also creating soft fill light from the whole sky.


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DermaFlex is a powerful, synergistic blend of human grade, natural ingredients formulated for growing puppies and kittens.
DermaFlex is a unique, multi-tiered system, it contains Omega fatty acids ( Omega – 3, Omega – 6, Omega – 9 ) and Hyaluronic acid (HA) that are essential for the formation of healthy cell membranes and extra cellular matrix for healthy skin, it also contains powerful antioxidants that are designed to deactivate a specific type of free radical known as singlet oxygen, the one that is generated by ionising radiation of the Sun. It includes a blend of herbs and nucleic acids noted for their ability to stimulate gastric secretions and facilitating the uptake of essential nutrients in the intestinal tract and their unrestricted availability for every multiplying cell, and a variety of other components designed to support the growth of the natural commensal bacteria of the gastrointestinal tract. These natural ingredients also serve as a source of natural vitamins, minerals, enzymes, carbohydrates, protein, chlorophyll, and fibre to support the health of the skin and coat.
Essential fatty acids ( Omega 3, 6, & 9 ), Carotenoids ( alpha-carotene, beta-carotene ), Phyto-hyaluronic acid, Purified RNA, Purified Nucleoides, With a proprietary blend of nutraceuticals of Pancreatin 8x, fennel seed, colostrum, alfafa, stevia leaf, fenugreek seed, rosehips, nettle, milk thistle, dandelion root, papaya leaf, ginger root, blessed thistle, green tea extract, stablised yeast extract, beta-gluconase, bromelian and papain. Palatability enchancer, tocopherol, tocotrienols, squalene and lycopene.


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Amendola, A. (1998). Viewpoint: Performance measurement in managing for safety - A challenging issue. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management 15 (1) 10-12.Full text not available from this repository.
|Item Type:
|Research Programs:
|Risk, Modeling, Policy (RMP)
|Depositing User:
|IIASA Import
|Date Deposited:
|15 Jan 2016 02:09
|Last Modified:
|27 Aug 2021 17:36
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text: More than 20 billion paper catalogs are mailed every year in the United States. Many often go unread, unrecycled and straight from the mailbox to the trash can. If there are some catalogs you enjoy receiving and browsing, think digital instead. Many major retailers are now offering free downloadable versions of their catalogs to tablet devices like the iPad. You can subscribe to the catalogs just like magazines. When new items are available, it will be updated automatically and ready to browse. It's paperless and one more way technology is helping to green our lives.


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Oh wine country, how we love you. And one of our favorite parts of your vast, sweeping, glorious land is the Sonoma Valley. This area is composed of a bunch of smaller towns, but they're all filled with goodies, so we thought we'd share them with you. The smaller sister to Napa is one of our favorite places in this world, simply because it contains so many simple joys: good food, good wine, good scenery, good people. So follow along and share your faves with us in the comments below!
El Dorado Hotel is smack dab in the middle of Sonoma Square, and we couldn't love it any more for that reason. Plus, the rooms are quaint, well-kept, and the kitchen inside of the restaurant is not to beat. It really is walking distance to a variety of tasting rooms in the square, so we can't really think of a better place to stay.
This resort checks off all the boxes of what you'd want in a stay in wine country. 'Nuff said.
If you're looking to splurge, look no further than Carneros. This might be one of our favorite spots in California, and if you go and visit – you'll see why. Between the sweeping views of wine country, glorious spa, gorge design, and delish food – we dare you to pick a favorite part.
Hotel Healdsburg is the best representation of Sonoma's simplicity and charm. It's full of gardens, a pool that can't be beat, and a great spa. Plus, it's located right next to the Healdsburg Farmers Market.
This quaint deli is the perfect spot to grab a sandwich on the go to bring to your favorite vineyard. Being in the middle of a handful of tasting rooms, it's not to miss for lunch. Pro tip: get the club!
Take one step into The Girl & The Fig and you'll be obsessed with the French vibes and homey space. Sit on their outside patio with a Croque-Monsieur and a glass of white wine and you might just think you're having an afternoon in Paris.
Located right in Sonoma Square, this tapas restaurant is the perfect spot for a long dinner. For one of our favorite days in Sonoma, bring a bottle from a day of wine tasting to Tasca Tasca to open during a long dinner of small plates.
This hip ramen place in downtown Sebastapol doesn't disappoint. The interiors are beautiful, the ramen is yum, and the people are nice. 10/10!
This colorful restaurant right outside of Sonoma Square is home to, some would say, the best Mexican food in the Bay Area. The name of the game here are the tamales, so don't visit without ordering them.
If there's one place not to miss while in Sonoma, it's Scribe. Think: farm to table food, some of the best wine in the land, and it has been run by a family for four generations. Their Hacienda Tastings get booked months out, so make sure to plan ahead and make a res early.
Modern meets warm at this family-owned Vineyard in the Los Carneros region of Napa Valley. Make reservations ahead of time for their tasting, and make sure you get a splash of the Zinfandel… it's outta this world.
This tasting room in the middle of Pangloss Cellars is the kind of place where you wander on by, go in, and then don't want to leave. Not only are the interiors beyond, but the wine is stellar and the tasting leaves you with knowledge you wouldn't otherwise have. A must go in our book!
This tasting room in the middle of Sonoma Square is the perfect place to relax for a few hours. Go to their Sonoma location to feel like you're in the winemakers home, and the Pinot is pretty delish, too.
This shop, market, and deli combo started in 1881 and has been a hit ever since. Grab a sandwich and sit on the covered patio for a slow afternoon of your dreams.
This Tuesday night farmer's market in the middle of Sonoma Square is hard to beat. It's chock full of local vendors, and has live music for the community to enjoy. It's a local experience that will make you fall in love with Sonoma!
One of the first things we like to book when in a new spot is a spa day. You too? Look no further than the spa at Kenwood Inn. It's a Mediterranean-Style resort with an amaaazing spa that will have you thinking you're in another country.
The Sonoma Coast might be one of the very best coastlines in California, with towering rocks and endless hiking paths. Start at Bodega Head for an entrance into a harbor that has many hiking trails that are hard to beat.
A trip to this corner of the world is not complete without a visit to the Redwoods. These towering trees give you a fast pass to serenity, and there's no better way to spend a day than getting lost amongst a trail.


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Our Products
Details & Specifications
Cast iron and Aluminum castings shall be true to form and free from sand, blowholes, cracks and shall be well cleaned by shotblasting when needed. Bearing surfaces between manhole rings and covers or grates shall be cast or machined flat to insure a uniform surface throughout the area of contact.
Manufacture (Cast Iron & Ductile Iron)
Metal used in the manufacture of "CASTING INC." cast iron products shall conform to ASTMA48 class 35 or A48 class 30. Castings meet H-20 & HS-20 specifications where applicable. All ductile iron castings conform to ASTM A536-84 grade 80-55-12, unless otherwise specified in your order and / or acknowledged at the time of order.
Manufacture (Aluminum)
Heavy duty aluminum castings are manufactured to H-20 load ratings.
Castings weights shall be as specified on the drawings and shall vary within permitted tolerances +/-5%. Deminsions may vary in castings due to shrinkage, no greater than +/- 1/16 inch per foot.
Cast iron castings shall be furnished either unpainted or painted in accordance with purchaser specifications. Painted casting shall be coated with a factory applied bituminous paint.
Click here to see a full list of our products and services
Product Gallery
Visit gallery for product details & specs.
More About Us
Click here to learn more about the people behind Castings Inc.


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I actually have some energy today! If the world wasn't shut down and gone insane, I would feel like heading out to listen to some music, or have a drink in some cool downtown bar. But considering there is no social life and everything is decidedly unsafe for my unvaccinated self, there is nowhere to go out and blow off steam. I guess I'll just have to put on some Stones, and let Mick and Keef and the boys play that white boy blues and make another cup of tea. Mick even plays some dirty harp! Keef is at his best, and we still have Mick Taylor. My favorite Stones era. Have a good Saturday evening!
Oh, definitely! Their untouchable, unspeakable, unbeatable, (magisterial, anyone?) best! KR has discovered country & Cooder and taken the sixth string from his plexi dropped the tuning… Him and Charlie are the coolest beings on the planet here… oh, hail, hail, sweet rnr!
Dear MT, still so sweet and angelic bout this time. Met him in the Spanish Bar in Fitzrovia in the late 80s. He had a great big hole in the side of his face and appeared to be well over 300 years old. When he spoke I could only hear a gravelled path and his eyes betrayed something of the other side to the 25 year old me. I thought… yes, Keef has been here…
ps: A+T=rnr x