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Traumatic events are events that cause psychological, physical, and/or emotional pain or harm.
Traumatic events, especially those involving violence between people, have been found to be significant risk factors for the development of a variety of psychiatric disorders, including eating disorders—particularly those involving bulimic symptoms, such as binge eating and purging.
Stress is an unavoidable part of life, but sometimes when stress becomes overwhelming and overpowers our coping mechanisms (such as talking to a friend, meditating or journaling) it causes distress, disease, and dysfunction. Generally, when stress reaches the point where it causes emotional and/or physical problems, then it becomes traumatic.
Some people are at increased risk of stress, trauma, or negative events. This is determined by a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors, such as being prone to anxiety and/or depression and/or having inherited the personality traits of high harm avoidance (shy, fearful, worrying behavior) and/or acting on an impulse. What may seem to be of little or no concern to one person can be very traumatic to another, particularly to one with, or predisposed to, an eating disorder.
How we cope with stress can play an important role in whether or not stressful experiences become traumatic. Individuals with an avoidant coping style will not fare as well as those with an active coping style.
- Avoidant coping: associated with self-punishing thoughts and beliefs, which can be self-defeating and result in a negative medical outcome.
- Active coping: problem-solving style associated with better medical results.
Available evidence suggests that eating disorder patients may be particularly sensitive or vulnerable to stress and its consequences:
- Individuals with anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia nervosa more often than not have a primary anxiety disorder, i.e., an anxiety disorder that began before the onset of their eating disorder.
- In addition, research indicates that individuals with eating disorders:
- Are more likely to perceive threat or hostile intent from others
- Exhibit high levels of anxiety sensitivity (a fear of behaviors or sensations associated with anxiety) characterized by fear of loss of control
- Are often over concerned or preoccupied with negative consequences
- Have exaggerated inhibition (self-restraint and the inability to act in a relaxed way) and anticipatory anxiety (tension over an expected negative outcome)
- Are sensitive to punishment and have difficulty adapting to change
- Weak central coherence: have difficulty "seeing the big picture," but get hung up on the (often trivial) details
One of the most important connections between having had traumatic or adverse experiences and the development of eating disorders and other related psychiatric problems is the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or its symptoms. PTSD is a serious mental health condition that can develop when someone has been exposed to one or more traumatic events. PTSD symptoms include:
- Re-experiencing symptoms (e.g., flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive imagery)
- Hyperarousal symptoms (e.g., irritability or angry outbursts, exaggerated startle, problems concentrating, insomnia, being overly watchful and anxious)
- Avoidance symptoms (e.g., numbing, forgetting and avoiding trauma-related material)
- Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with the traumatic event(s), beginning or worsening after the traumatic event(s) occurred (e.g., partial amnesia, negative beliefs about oneself, others, or the world, self-blame, constantly expecting the worst)
PTSD tends to be a chronic condition, especially when not adequately addressed and treated. For example, one of the findings from the National Comorbidity Survey was that over one-third of individuals with an index episode of PTSD still had the full syndrome 10 years later. Like many individuals with PTSD, it is not uncommon for eating disorder patients with PTSD, who tend to have more comorbidity and more complicated courses, to not get adequate assessment and treatment. Unresolved trauma and/or PTSD can be an important perpetuating factor in the maintenance of symptoms.
Two major national representative studies have shown that individuals with bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder or any binge eating have significantly higher rates of PTSD than individuals without an eating disorder. These include the National Women's Study and the National Comorbidity Survey Replication; the highest rates of lifetime PTSD were 38% and 44% respectively in the BN groups. When partial or subclinical forms of PTSD are considered, then well over half of individuals with bulimic symptoms have PTSD or significant PTSD symptoms. In addition, traumatized people with eating disorders demonstrate high levels of dissociative symptoms, such as amnesia of traumatic material (being unable to remember the traumatic event), which are also factors that contribute to a negative medical outcome.
In much the same way abuse of certain substances is used to self-medicate, binge eating and/or purging appear to be behaviors that facilitate:
- Reducing the hyperarousal or anxiety associated with trauma
- The numbing, avoidance, and even forgetting of traumatic experiences
These behaviors are reinforcing, making it difficult to break the cycle. As a result, traumatic experiences and their destructive effects are not effectively processed and continue to cause problems. In this way, trauma, PTSD, and eating disorders can be very much intertwined.
Individuals with an eating disorder complicated by trauma and PTSD require treatment for both conditions using a trauma-informed, integrated approach. If the trauma is not addressed during the treatment of an eating disorder, then it is likely that successful recovery will be thwarted. Important factors contributing to the success of treatment can include positive reactions by family members and close friends to disclosure about traumatic events, as well as strong support from family and friends. Although the best approach to address PTSD in the context of an eating disorder remains elusive, work so far has focused primarily on cognitive processing therapy (CPT) integrated with traditional treatment for the eating disorder. Future research is likely to shed light on how best to treat this comorbid combination. A wealth of information on treatment options for PTSD for both the public and professionals is available from the National Center for PTSD.
If you or someone you know is struggling with an eating disorder, call ANAD's Helpline at: (888) 375-7767 or the National Alliance of Eating Disorders Helpline at: (866) 662-1235.


text: Airbnb hires airline veteran Fred Reid to oversee "transportation", but rules out obvious optionsNews / OnlineBy Kevin May | February 7, 2019Share Airbnb will not create an airline or "just another place on the internet where you can buy a plane ticket" - yet it has made a high profile appointment to help figure things out.Fred Reid is joining the company as its global head of transportation, leaving a role as president for the last year of Cora Aircraft Program and Kitty Hawk.He is perhaps best known as the first CEO of Virgin America in 2004 and then president of Bombardier division Flexjet between 2008 and 2012. Get a dose of digital travel in your inbox each day Subscribe to our newsletter below Submit I accept the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. The arrival of Reid at Airbnb comes two years on from when the company was first understood to be considering how it might tackle the part of a trip that it doesn't have a handle on: getting people to their hosts or experiences.Endless speculation centered on whether it would buy an online travel agency, metasearch engine or even, bizarrely, launch its own airline.But the apparent strategy now appears to be a much wider and cerebral one, not least with CEO Brian Chesky being firm this week with what he doesn't want to do.He says: "We're going to explore a broad range of ideas and partnerships that can make transportation better. We haven't settled on exactly what those will look like. There is a tremendous opportunity to improve the transportation experience for everyone."More than just a planePerhaps a clue to part of that strategy comes in noting what Reid has been doing for the last year.At Cora he has overseen the development of "one of the most advanced autonomous electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft in the world".But until such technology becomes the norm it is more likely that Reid will figure out how to provide the "getting there" element that Airbnb still lacks through more traditional means.He says: "Whether in the air or on the ground, there are tremendous opportunities to create products and forge partnerships with other companies that make travel easier and even fun."Realizing those opportunities will take years and require constant experimentation, and I'm truly honored to have the chance to take on such an audacious challenge with this team."Reid will report directly Chesky, rather than be part of its existing divisions such as Homes or Experiences.Airbnb says it is "uniquely positioned" to work with other brands in the travel and tourism industry, touting how it could create "significant economic opportunities" for those it works with.Another hint comes when it says the strategy could include offering partner brands "access to the Airbnb platform."Back to the big picture rhetoric, Chesky says: "There was a time when getting on a plane was a magical trip of its own, but over the years, how you get to where you're going has become an experience we endure, not enjoy. We believe that needs to change."Prior to creating Virgin America, Reid was at American Airlines for five years, Lufthansa for seven as its president and ending up at Delta for five years as president and chief operating officer until 2004. * Check out this interview with Airbnb's president of homes, Greg Greeley, during The Phocuswright Conference 2018 in Los Angeles.Executive Interview: Airbnb AirbnbAirlineAirportAlternative AccommodationGround TransportationHotelOnline Travel AgencyTravel BookingEditors Pick

subset: commoncrawl


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AI, Breeders, Harvest, Crop. Farmers of every kind use these terms daily across the country, but to each the terms may have a different meaning. These are just a sample of the Agriculture lingo farmers and ranchers use daily, but in different regions, and different sectors of Agriculture, some terms may be a foreign concept. If we (those involved in agriculture) are not careful, we can get caught hiding behind the perimeter fence that surrounds our niche.
I've been in the cattle business all of my life; mostly in Arkansas, but I have spent time on the Plains and in the Mountains. In each place producers do little things differently, all while performing the same function — raising beef. I have very little hands-on crop experience, virtually none in row crops, and in turn my experience with farming lingo is slim to none. My knowledge surrounds raising cattle, feeding them, their health, and slowly branches out into related subjects – forage production, diseases, range management, and so on. I'm pretty used to farming the way I have experienced it. However, Social Media tools are breaking down those communication barriers and helping Ag-enthusiasts like myself branch out into other sectors of Agriculture.
Here's an example. I posted this photo yesterday of a smoke plume and possible timber fire, while hoping it wouldn't jump a fire lane into our timber or pastures. Rosie from Canada (@rotempleton) replied saying she hoped it didn't reach any crops. Well, in this part of the country Pine Timber IS a farming crop. It is just more of a long-term investment. Rosie, and I'm sure many others, wouldn't even think about trees as a farm crop if it's not grown in their region. Same way I responded to irrigation of cow pastures when I worked in Wyoming — People actually water the grass in cow pastures?!? Well safe to say after 3 months of walking irrigation lines, I better understand the concept. Another example of stepping out of my comfort zone is when Janice Person (@jplovescotton) recently posted about having breakfast with cotton breeders. A novel concept to this guy raised with livestock who take care of their own breeding.
Social Media tools like Twitter, Facebook, and obviously Blogging, have opened new worlds for this cattle rancher. I'm learning about all sorts of farming methods and connecting with barley, wheat, and corn farmers and even cotton enthusiasts across the country. Not to mention international collisions with ranchers in Canada and vet students in Australia. It's a whole new world out there! And best part is I can travel and learn about agriculture around the globe and pay no more than a monthly DSL bill. No plane tickets or expensive tanks of fuel.
Some find it unusual when I bring up a story about a flooded out farmer in Wyoming or the Dakotas, or how cotton is suffering from floods and residual problems in the Mississippi Delta (which I can then connect to the cotton seed hulls I feed my cattle). Or how I received a postcard from Hawaii and learned about their Kona Coffee production. But I think it pretty cool that I can connect daily with these farmers. Makes this big ole world seem a lil more personal. And heck, I get to learn about all the things my lil job on the ranch may never let me encounter.
How has Social Media impacted your awareness of Agriculture? Do you have an example of how SM has helped you to branch out?


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NASHVILLE, Tenn. – Community leaders, elected officials, faith leaders, labor unions, student groups and racial justice organizations today protested at Nashville's Action Nissan dealership to raise awareness of civil rights abuses at Nissan's manufacturing plant in Canton, Miss.
"We are proud to stand with our friends in Mississippi to call attention to civil rights abuses at Nissan's assembly plants," said the Rev. Ed Thompson, chair of Nashville Organized for Action and Hope (NOAH), a coalition of faith leaders, community organizations and labor unions. "We believe workers' rights are civil rights. We're asking Nissan to do better by its hard-working employees, and we're asking Nissan's dealers and customers to join us in this cause."
The North American headquarters of Nissan is located in Franklin, Tenn. – 14 miles south of Nashville's Action Nissan dealership. In addition to Nashville, peaceful protests this week are scheduled at Nissan dealerships in Atlanta, Birmingham, Ala., Charlotte, N.C., Greensboro, N.C., New Orleans and Raleigh, N.C. Most Nissan vehicles on the road in these cities were assembled at the carmaker's plants in Canton, or Smyrna, Tenn., which faces similar workers' rights problems.
Participating in this week's protests: The Mississippi Alliance for Fairness at Nissan (MAFFAN), a coalition of civil rights leaders, ministers and worker advocates. In each city across the region, local delegations are hand-delivering letters on behalf of MAFFAN to Nissan dealers detailing the mistreatment of workers in Canton and calling for an end to the company's anti-union position.
Nissan began operating in Canton in 2003 amid high hopes for Magnolia State workers. But despite expectations that the plant would "bring quality jobs to our community for years to come, over time Nissan has decided to take a different path," wrote Dr. Isiac Jackson, chairman of MAFFAN, in the letters delivered to Nissan dealers. "Today, the company exploits its predominantly African American workforce in a variety of ways."
Among examples, Jackson pointed to punishing production quotas in the Canton plant as well as a lack of adequate safety equipment. The company has relied heavily on temporary employment agencies for hiring, paying lower wages to temporary employees for the same work as permanent workers. Nissan management has run a campaign of coercion and intimidation to keep workers from speaking about a union. Of the roughly 5,000 workers at Nissan's Canton plant, an estimated 80 percent are African American.
Problems at Nissan's Canton plant have been intensifying. In late 2015, the National Labor Relations Board charged Nissan and a temporary worker agency with violating workers' rights in Mississippi. Last year, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration cited repeated hazards at the Canton plant.
"People get hurt too often at Nissan and these injuries can rob us of our ability to provide for our families," said Ernest Whitfield, a 13-year employee in Canton plant who visited the Action Nissan dealership protest in Nashville. "We're forced to decide if we should work with an injury, or report it and potentially lose our jobs. It strips away your dignity to feel like the company values production numbers more than the safety of the people who make it successful."
Nissan's Canton plant, like the company's Smyrna facility, does not have an employee union. Protestors want Nissan to stop conducting anti-union activities at both locations, and allow free and fair elections among employees who want union representation.
"Nissan spends hundreds of millions of dollars a year marketing itself as a socially responsible carmaker," said Vonda McDaniel, president of the Central Labor Council of Nashville and Middle Tennessee. "But the reality is, Nissan is turning a blind eye toward workers' rights and safety problems at its assembly plants. It's time for Nissan dealers and customers to recognize that what they're selling and buying just doesn't fit the image of what Nissan claims it's producing."
Nissan's Canton assembly plant produces models including the Altima, Frontier, Murano, and Titan. At the Smyrna plant, Nissan produces the Altima, LEAF, Maxima, Pathfinder, Rogue and Infiniti QX60.
Other users read these articles next...


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Confederations Cup action starts up this weekend, with Uruguay and Spain meeting on Sunday in the marquee matchup of the first round. The timing of this fixture is just terrific, as the Spain side has its fair share of influential Real Madrid squad members, and the tie will no doubt create a bevy of questions about just how much influence they'll have on Luis Suarez and his transfer hopes. The real answer is probably very little, but that's not going to get in the way of narrative, is it? Unless the words of Suarez--which have been pouring out at an alarming rate--hold true, that is, as the player's now pleading for focus on his national team rather than where his club future lies.
Speaking on Uruguayan TV, Suarez kept calm and quiet, deferring on questions about leaving Liverpool and circling back to the matter on the immediate horizon:
"Here I come to play for Uruguay and not thinking what I can do to benefit a transfer. My only goal is to win the cup. For now there is nothing"
It's been fairly easy to become annoyed with Luis Suarez lately, as most of the talk (or at least the talk we've been exposed to) has been around a Liverpool exit. It's nice change of pace to have him turn away from questions on the topic, then, even if it doesn't change what is or isn't actually happening. The Confederations Cup is by no means an important international tournament, but it's a welcomed distraction, and one that each of the sides involved will probably want to win. At least more than the England U21s at the Euros.
Hope the words of Suarez hold true and for the next week or two there's nothing but boring, quasi-meaningless football to talk about when his name comes up. That would keep me calm and quiet.


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A Flagstaff House Soldier Arrested Me, Assaulted My Producer – Afia Schwarzenegger AllegesUncategorized October 8, 2019, Comments Off
Ghanaian comedienne and media personality, Afia Schwarzenegger has disclosed her ordeal after she was arrested by a military officer at the Flagstaff House.
In a post on her Instagram page sighted by zionfelix.net, Afia alleged that her producer was also assaulted.
She revealed her producer is currently on admission at a hospital following the assault.
Afia Schwar lamented the lawlessness nature of some security officials in this country.
The controversial actress/media personality questioned why these men who harassed her attempted to send her to the house of Mr Kennedy Agyapong.
She wrote: "This is where Ghana is Now…I simply dnt want to talk about my ordeal today…I was arrested for walking n to my disbelief a Flagstaff house soldier by the name Nkrumah told me they are taking me to Kennedy Agyapong's house when I questioned him on where we were going…..till now I am waiting to hear 1 offence apart from walking from a restaurant. Is Kennedy Agyapong's house a cell And who said I am scared of Kennedy Agyapong.???"
Afia added: "He also told me point blank how much they are looking for me…my producer was also assaulted for Nothing. This is Ghana….I was harassed by grown men becos I am Afia Schwarzenegger. Wow. My producer is currently on admission so I will attend to him for Now..And leave rest to the necessary authority. Thank God for the station master at VIPPU Security post at the flag staff house…God bless you."
Source: zionfelix.net


text: Zola Dubnikova bridges sacred dance, movement medicine, contemporary body science, masterful form, somatic awareness and ritual through her unique approach known as the "Holistic Dance Language." Her extensive background fused with absolute devotion to the pursuit of dance as an ecstatic, spiritual experience, has birthed a unique style of both teaching & performing – which truly embodies the marriage between form and spirit. Trained extensively in contemporary dance forms and healing arts as well as Odissi Temple Dance Tradition, Sufi tradition, Mevlana whirling practices, Dances of the Silk Road , the gypsy trails and beyond, her style brings forth the wisdom of ancient dance ritual through a holistic lense intended to guide more people in accessing their divine capabilities. Zola offers intensive trainings in her two primary schools : Temple of Dance (Israel) and School of Mystery & Sacred Feminine Arts (India). With invitations to teach across the world, Zola tours extensively to give seminars, offer retreats, perform and guide collective experiences.


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Arturia BeatStep Pro (Black + CV/Gate Cable Kit)
For the adventurous performer, nothing comes close to the Arturia BeatStep Pro. Now available for a limited time in stylish black, BeatStep Pro has been designed to become the center of your music world. Perform using your vintage monosynths, outboard modules, and drum machines all at the same time using its comprehensive CV/Gate connections, all while controlling virtual instruments and syncing with your DAW via MIDI/USB.
Astoundingly powerful yet quick to master, BeatStep Pro features everything you could want from a standalone sequencer, combining 2 independent monophonic sequencers for melodies and another that's dedicated to drums. For melodies, the BeatStep Pro offers real-time transposition, recording, and rewriting with step tie, slide and velocity or gate length knob-based editing. For drums, BeatStep Pro lets you create percussive patterns using 16 independent drum sequences, all of which can be arranged and honed into a dynamic live performance using the roller, looper, and vast array of parameter controls.
With up to 64 steps per pattern, plus the ability to chain them together, you'll be able to experiment like never before. BeatStep Pro can also act as an in-depth MIDI controller, letting you freely assign knobs, buttons, and pads to control your virtual instruments or DAW.
2 monophonic step sequencers
- Up to 64 steps per sequence
- Note, velocity and gate time settings per step
- Note tie
16-track drum sequencer (one track per pad)
- MIDI controller mode
- Fully customizable for knobs, step buttons and velocity and pressure sensitive pads
- Send MIDI CC, note data, program changes
- 16 Projects, each with 16x2 sequences, 16 drum sequences and a controller map.
- Performance controls
- Randomizer with Amount and Probability settings
- Real-time looper/roller touch strip
- Independent swing amount per sequence
- Touch sensitive knobs
- Tap Tempo
- CV/GATE outputs (1 volt per octave CV, 10 volt gates)
- 8 drum gate outputs
- Clock sync with multiple standards
- MIDI In/Out with supplied MIDI adaptors
- USB class compliant
- Supports full parameter and sequencing editing capability using our free MIDI Control Center software
- Kensington lock
What's in the box?
- 1 x USB cable
- 2 x MIDI adapter cables (1/8" TRS jack to 5-pin DIN, gray)
- 1 x DIN adapter cable (1/8" TRS jack to 5-pin DIN, black)
- 1 x Quick Start Guides for BeatStep Pro
- 14 x CV/GATE cables
|Ableton Live, Analog Lab
|Outer Dimensions
|41.5 x 16.3 x 3.6 cm
|1.45 kg


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Pittsburgh Bicycle Accident Lawyers
If you've been involved in a bicycle accident, you're likely scared, in physical pain, and unsure of what to do. Our Pittsburgh bicycle accident lawyers can help protect your rights and fight for the compensation you deserve.
Bicycle accidents are traumatic and painful events. Many victims suffer severe injuries with long-lasting pain and spend months recovering. After an accident, victims also have new-found financial stresses from mounting medical bills and lost wages.
Download Our FREE Bicycle Accident Guide
Our Pittsburgh bicycle accident lawyers can help. A qualified lawyer acts as your advocate, aggressively fighting on your behalf to protect your rights and get you rightful compensation.
Your lawyer manages the entire legal process, filing claims on your behalf and leading negotiations with insurers. If you've been involved in an accident, we want to help. Call today for a free case evaluation and to learn more about how we can protect your rights.
Should I Hire a Pittsburgh Bicycle Accident Lawyer?
Bicycle accidents have numerous consequences for victims. Those involved may be seriously injured, suffering from physical pain, and unable to return to work for many weeks or months. In addition to recovery and pain, victims also face financial, emotional, and legal pressures.
In the weeks after an accident, your primary goal should be getting healthy – not fighting with insurers and filing claims.
When you hire a qualified lawyer, all of these pressures are taken off your shoulders. Your attorney manages all legal aspects of your case and fights to help you quickly receive the maximum compensation for your injuries. There are many tasks a lawyer helps with including:
- Filing claims and legal paperwork
- Investigating your accident and its causes
- Determining the at-fault party in your accident
- Collecting evidence and contacting witnesses
- Recreating the scene of your accident
- Meeting with lawyers of the at-fault party
- Negotiating with insurance companies
- Filing disability and insurance claims on your behalf
The legal process following a bicycle accident is overwhelming. You're likely unsure of who you can trust. By hiring a lawyer, you protect yourself against insurance companies and attorneys who don't have your best interests in mind.
Common Causes of Bicycle Accidents
Motorists have a responsibility to share the road, and when they fail to adhere to bicycle safety laws, they put people's lives in danger. Unsafe, careless, and reckless driving are some of the top causes of bicycle-vehicle accidents. A few of the most common causes include:
- Unsafe or careless lane changes
- Opening car doors into bike lanes
- Impaired driving
- Reckless or distracted driving
- Excessive speed
- Following too closely
When another party is at fault, that driver may be liable for criminal or civil charges. After a hiring a lawyer, your attorney will work diligently to determine who is at fault in your case, and collect evidence and witness statements to build that case. Once this has been determined, your lawyer can begin to fight for compensation from the at-fault party.
Types of Compensation Available for Victims
Victims of accidents may be entitled to financial compensation, especially when negligence caused the accident. Compensation can be used for present and future medical expenses, property damage, emotional distress, and lost wages.
There are two types of compensation you may be able to pursue: Compensatory and punitive damages.
Compensatory. Compensatory damages cover any costs directly related to your accident, present, or future. Compensatory damages, for example, can pay for medical bills, as well as compensate you for lost wages or lost future earnings. Compensatory damages can help cover:
- Medical bills, treatment and rehabilitation costs
- Medical equipment
- Lost wages and lost earning capacity
- Long-term disability or disfigurement
- Pain and suffering
- Property damage
- Emotional distress
- Loss of natural life
Punitive. Punitive damages refer to damages awarded in cases that involve gross negligence or malice. This type of damage is used as a financial punishment for the negligent party. Punitive damages are awarded by a jury, and therefore are available if your case goes to trial.
What to Do If You've Been Involved in an Accident
A bicycle accident is a terrifying experience, and in the immediate aftermath, you may not know what to do or who to turn to. There are steps victims can take to protect their rights and safety. If you've been involved in an accident, here are steps you can take:
- Seek Medical Help – Call 911 and receive medical attention for your injuries. Your safety should be your first concern. If you're in on-coming traffic, move to a place near the scene of the accident out of harm's way. If you're unable to call police, this is a responsibility of witnesses or the driver.
- Record Injuries and Damages – If you're able to, make note of your injuries. Note and document with photos any places where you feel or see:
- Pain
- Visual injuries
- Bleeding
- Torn clothing
- Where you were struck by the vehicle
- Call Police – If you are uninjured and did not call 911, be sure to contact law enforcement. Police investigators will want to know what led up to your accident. Provide as many details as you can remember, but do not admit fault.
- Do Not Admit Fault – Bicycle laws are complex in Pittsburgh. You might not understand the nuances of the law, and therefore might inaccurately implicate yourself as the at-fault party. If police, witnesses, or a motorist ask you about fault, do not discuss it. Contact an attorney who can help protect your rights.
- Seek Legal Advice – As soon as possible, contact a qualified Pittsburgh bicycle accident lawyer. Your lawyer can help you file claims with your insurance company immediately. The sooner you contact a lawyer, the stronger the case he or she will be able to build.
Filing Insurance Claims After an Accident
If you've been involved in a bicycle accident, you can file a claim with your auto insurance – if you have a current policy. Car insurance companies provide protection for their customers, even if the "vehicle" they were driving was a bicycle. Contacting your insurance early in the process can help you file post-accident claims more quickly.
We recommend contacting a lawyer prior to reaching out to your insurer. Insurance companies are businesses and they are concerned with the bottom line. Even as a customer, your insurer may not have your best interests in mind. They may make it difficult for you to file a claim or receive compensation.
Additionally, the insurer of the at-fault party may bully you or use aggressive tactics to force you to accept an unfair or undervalued settlement.
A qualified lawyer protects you against aggressive behavior and leads all negotiations with insurance companies. After an accident, your focus should be on your recovery – not fighting with insurers. We help you file claims, defend you against unfair settlements, and fight insurers who refuse or delay payments.
Common Types of Bicycle Accidents
If you are like most cyclists who are injured by vehicles, you are probably not even sure what happened. One minute you were on your way to work, and the next you were on the ground. Most bicycle crashes caused by drivers fall into one of the following categories:
- Dooring. A dooring accident occurs when a driver parked along a road opens his door into the path of an oncoming bicyclist. These accidents happen even in designated bike lanes. It is the responsibility of the driver to check his mirror for cyclists before opening his door. These crashes can cause serious injuries as the biker collides with the door, is thrown over the door, or is thrown into moving traffic.
- Turning in front. Failing to see a cyclist, motorists often turn directly into the path of a bike. Whether making a right-hand turn across a bike lane or a left-hand turn through an intersection, drivers must be alert to the bicycles they share the road with.
- Rear-ending. When a driver is distracted or is simply not alert to bikes sharing his lane, he can run into the back of a bicycle. Whether the cyclist is in a bike lane or sharing a vehicle lane, he cannot travel at the same speed as a car and motorists need to be aware of their presence and allow them a safe cushion.
- Running off the road. Similar to a rear-end crash, when cars don't allow a cyclist sufficient space on the side of the road, the driver can force the bike off the road completely. A cyclist can hit a mailbox, tree, parked car, or other obstacle.
A cyclist should make every effort to be visible and to protect himself from injury, but it is the responsibility of the driver to obey the rules of the road to protect cyclists.
Frequently Asked Bicycle Accident Questions
What Should I Do After I'm Hurt in a Bike Accident?
There are some differences between a car accident and an accident involving a bike rider. First of all, a bike doesn't have all of the protections that a car offers its occupants, so a bicycle rider involved in an accident tends to suffer more serious and severe injuries. Also, there is a prejudice out there that the bicycle rider must somehow be to blame. Even in a city like Pittsburgh, where bike riding has become so prevalent and where the city is going out of its way to try to make bicycle riding safer, there's this misunderstanding that bicycle riders don't have the same rights to the road that a car driver does. For this reason, it's important that, if you're injured in a bicycle accident, you find a lawyer who understands those differences and who knows how to represent a bicycle rider who's been injured. That lawyer will know how to gather the evidence and how to assist you in your claim so that you make the best recovery possible.
How long do I have to file a bicycle accident lawsuit in Pennsylvania?
Bicycle accidents account for just 1 percent of total traffic crashes reported in Pennsylvania. Yet according to the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, they still caused nearly 1,130 injuries and more than 20 deaths in 2017 alone.
These accidents can be horrific for victims, resulting in extensive injuries, unexpected medical debt, and other losses. Pennsylvania tort law allows people injured in bicycle accidents caused by another person or entity's negligence to seek compensation by filing a personal
injury lawsuit.
Sadly, severe injuries and the resulting range of necessary lifestyle modifications can make it difficult for victims to focus on exploring their legal rights and options.
Waiting too long to take legal action after a Pennsylvania bike crash can have serious consequences. The state's statute of limitations laws dictate how long potential plaintiffs have to file a lawsuit which, for personal injury victims, is just two years from the date of the accident. Once those two years are up and the statute of limitations expires, victims cannot bring a lawsuit against the at-fault party.
Even when injured cyclists file their lawsuit within the designated two-year period, waiting to file can be detrimental to a case. For example, evidence may be misplaced, contaminated, or destroyed, or witnesses may change their contact information, forget what they've seen, move, or die. Any of these scenarios could deal a blow to a bicycle accident personal injury case, which is why it's best to consult an attorney about situation as soon as possible.
How much does it cost to hire a bicycle accident lawyer?
It depends on a variety of factors. Being involved in a serious bike accident can be a confusing, frustrating and painful experience.
In addition to being physically injured, many people are unable to work temporarily—but sometimes permanently. They may also be burdened by an astronomical amount of unexpected medical debt.
These and other factors often create emotional distress as well.
Victims injured in bicycle accidents caused by someone else's negligence may be entitled to compensation for medical bills, property damages, lost wages, loss of earning capacity (if applicable), pain and suffering, and other damages. Bicycle accident victims can pursue compensation through insurance claims or personal injury lawsuits.
Regardless of which route they take, there are benefits to seeking legal representation of a knowledgeable and experienced personal injury attorney. This is especially true when he or she has a track record of successfully resolving bicycle accident cases.
With everything else going on, people often worry they can't afford the cost of hiring legal counsel. Most Pittsburgh bicycle accident lawyers understand that financial concerns can be overwhelming, especially after an accident. However, this should never prevent someone from pursuing well-deserved justice and compensation.
Many personal injury law firms—including ours—often free initial case consultations and work on a contingency fee basis. This means that bike crash victims can discuss their cases with an attorney for free before retaining them. They'll only pay for legal services if the case is resolved in their favor and they receive a settlement. The attorney would then receive a portion of that settlement, rather than requiring payment upfront. Sometimes, additional fees may apply, which is why it's a good idea for victims to discuss payment terms with an attorney during their initial consultation.
How Do I Get the Right Attorney?
A difficult decision for someone injured in a bike accident is choosing the right lawyer. The first thing that you want to do is make sure that the lawyer that you're talking with has experience in bicycle accidents. Although many lawyers have represented people or claim to have represented people in personal injury cases, a bicycle accident has some unique factors, so it's important to have a lawyer who understands that. It's also important that the lawyer has trial experience. A trial lawyer knows how to build a case believing that they may someday have to prove your case at trial. They should be ready and willing to try your case. Finally, I think it's also important when hiring a lawyer to establish a rapport with them. You want someone that you think is going to listen to you, is going to be in your corner, and is going to be ready to fight for you in trial.
What Mistakes Should I Avoid Making?
I think that people injured in bike accidents sometimes make mistakes. First, they think that they are to blame or partially to blame for the accident. I think they also minimize their injuries or don't follow up and get the medical care that they need. If you're injured in a bike accident, there are two things that you need to do. One, you need to seek medical care, follow up with the doctor, and do everything you can to recover from your injuries. Two, it's also important that you contact an experienced trial lawyer who knows how to investigate your case and who would be willing to try your case if necessary.
If I violated a traffic regulation and was partially at fault for my bicycle accident, can I still recover damages?
Pennsylvania law requires bicycles and motor vehicles to share the road safely. Unfortunately, that isn't always the reality. In 2017 alone, bicycle accidents resulted in 1,127 injuries and 21 bicyclist fatalities, according to the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
It's no secret that, in accidents involving bicycles and motor vehicles, it's the bicyclist who often bears the brunt of the injuries. Individuals fortunate enough to survive the collision may be seriously injured and require significant medical care.
Although that care may be covered by the bicyclist's own auto or health insurance policies, these policies usually don't address other losses incurred in an accident. These additional losses may include:
- Wages the bicyclist lost while out of work healing
- Physical pain and suffering
- Mental and emotional anguish
- Loss of earning potential if injuries permanently prevent future employment
Bicycle accident victims often pursue personal injury lawsuits in an effort to recover damages from the driver who caused the crash. However, this process becomes more complicated in cases where the victim was partially responsible for the accident and their injuries. Still, it's important to note that violating a traffic regulation doesn't necessarily prevent victims from collecting damages.
Pennsylvania is a comparative negligence state, which means that personal injury victims can usually recover damages—even if they were partially responsible for the accident—as long as they aren't more at fault than the other party.
Should I Cooperate with the Other Insurance Company?
If you're injured in a bicycle crash, the insurance company for the car driver will likely reach out to you. I caution you in those conversations to keep a couple things in mind. Number one, that person is working against you. No matter how friendly they may seem, their job is to find reasons to deny your claim, and when they can't deny the claim, to minimize your claim and minimize your recovery. I think the best course you can take is to contact an experienced trial lawyer. When you get that call from the insurance adjuster, refer the call to your lawyer and let your lawyer answer any questions and provide information on your behalf.
What If a Pothole Caused My Accident?
A bicycle rider who's injured not because of a collision with a vehicle, but because of some dangerous condition of the roadway, may also have a claim. In those cases, it's important to contact a lawyer who understands those liability claims, and knows how to investigate the potential defect of the road or other condition that caused your accident.
If I wasn't wearing a helmet when injured in a bicycle accident, can I still recover damages?
Bicycle helmets may have a reputation for being hot, cumbersome, and uncomfortable, but wearing one dramatically reduces a cyclist's odds of head injuries or death in the event of an accident.
Statisticians from the University of New South Wales in Australia conducted a major study of worldwide bicycle helmet use. The results concluded that wearing a helmet reduces a cyclist's risk of serious head injuries by nearly 70 percent, and fatal head injuries by 65 percent.
Some states have universal helmet laws which require all bicyclists and passengers to wear a helmet, regardless of age. However, despite their proven ability to prevent head injuries and save lives, not all states mandate helmet use. For example, in Pennsylvania, the law only requires cyclists and passengers under the age of 12 to wear a helmet.
If you're over age 12 and hurt in a bicycle accident in the Keystone State, you probably weren't wearing a helmet at the time of the accident and may be wondering how your lack of helmet use might affect a personal injury insurance claim or lawsuit.
Fortunately, it shouldn't affect your claim at all. Not only is bicycle helmet use not mandated for cyclists and passengers 12 and older, but Pennsylvania Pa. Cons. Stat. § 3510(b) specifically prohibits helmet use from being used as evidence of contributory negligence in a personal injury case. This means bicyclists can still recover damages, even if they weren't wearing helmets.
Do I need an attorney if a driver hit me while riding my bike?
While it's tempting to try to save money and settle the claim on your own, hiring an attorney has more to do with the severity of your injuries and the resulting need for compensation. If you were injured in a bike accident caused by a negligent driver, you could have suffered serious injuries even if the vehicle was traveling at a slow speed. Some of these injuries may not present in full form until days or even weeks later.
If this happens, your health and financial stability could be compromised.
How to Decide When You Need an Attorney in Your Bicycle Accident Case
In limited circumstances, you may be able to handle settlement of the claim on your own. If the accident caused only damage to your bike or you suffered a cut or stitches, and the insurance company agrees to pay for your costs, you can probably complete your settlement without an attorney.
However, in other cases, you would be at a serious disadvantage if you don't retain an experienced bicycle accident attorney. Here's why you may need professional help:
- Your injuries were serious enough that EMT arrived on the scene and transported you by ambulance to the hospital.
- You were off work because of your injuries for one week or more.
- You have injuries that are limiting your activities or ability to work.
- Your injuries are serious enough to require follow-up medical treatment or surgery.
- You were knocked unconscious and are exhibiting symptoms of a concussion or traumatic brain injury.
- Someone died in the accident.
- The insurance company denied your claim, or is offering less than what you believe is rightful compensation.
Benefits of Hiring a Bike Accident Attorney
Even if you were clearly the victim in a bicycle accident, you must prove the driver's negligence and your right to compensation. It takes someone with legal experience to handle this process effectively. Benefits of retaining an attorney include:
- Free consultation. Many bicycle accident attorneys offer a free, no-obligation consultation that allows you to get an understanding of your legal options and how the firm can help you.
- Claim evaluation. An attorney can investigate your bike accident to prove the driver's negligence and obtain documentation regarding your injuries. Once he has this information, he can evaluate the value of your claim based on his experience successfully handling other cases like yours and the strengths and weaknesses of your claim.
- Settlement negotiation. The insurance adjuster for the negligent driver won't be looking out for your interests and may try to deny or reduce your claim, even if its insured's fault is obvious. An experienced attorney will be able to negotiate a settlement for what you deserve, or file a lawsuit if the insurance company will not be reasonable.
- Few require up-front payment. Most attorneys take these cases on a contingency basis, which means you pay for the majority of services through a percentage of your settlement only if he or she is able to settle the claim or win the case at trial.
How Long Will This Case Go On?
One thing clients often want to know is how long it will take to resolve their bicycle injury claim. There's no set answer that I can give to that because each case is different. One of the most important things that a lawyer has to take into consideration in trying to resolve the case is the client's recovery from their injuries. We have to understand your injuries, and we have to understand the affect that your injuries will have on the case before we can begin to consider settling the case. I understand that clients want to get back to their life and they want their case resolved, and we try our best to expedite the process, but at the same time, we have to be cautious and make sure that we properly handle your case. You only get one opportunity to settle or try a bicycle accident case. Taking that into consideration, we need to thoroughly evaluate and investigate the claim before we can think about resolving it.
Download Our FREE Bicycle Accident Guide
Call Our Bicycle Accident Attorneys When You Are Injured
Do not waste time wondering if you have an accident claim following a bike crash. Get the medical help you need and contact the bicycle accident attorneys at Accident & Injury Law Group. We will take it from there.


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contemporary art, culture and criticism from a Jewish-Eskimo in the Pacific Northwest.
Sylvia ep2! Nobody Cares About Gladys!
Sylvia episode 2: "Nobody Cares about Gladys"
Sylvia ep. #2 "Nobody Cares About Gladys" from Andrew Klaus on Vimeo.
Posted by Andrew klaus-Vineyard at Wednesday, November 18, 2009
Labels: Andrew Klaus, Barbra Streisand, Matthew Kern, Sylvia, Taylor Vineyard
1 comment:
I want to quote your post in my blog. It can?
And you et an account on Twitter?
- December 25, 2009 at 4:20 AM
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I just completed a very successful collaborative custom map project with 100 students which I then converted to be used in a sweet augmented reality app.
Here's the details…
Liverpool Cemetery Mapping Project
Over 100 students at Liverpool Middle School collaborated on a Liverpool Cemetery Mapping project. The PBL scenario allowed students to work individually, collaboratively, and with their social studies and ELA teachers. Students researched, photographed, and digitally-labelled gravestones in the Liverpool Cemetery. The project was guided by the work of former, Liverpool CSD Social Studies teacher, Clarie Deloria's "Liverpool Cemetery: A Walking Tour" book. Students visited the cemetery, photographed and transcribed their assigned gravestone. Students completed a custom Google Map complete with historical profiles for over 30 gravesites: https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/1/edit?authuser=1&mid=zlDDTMGv5bR8.kuUaPahKBzrE
The project was then converted with Wikitude, an augmented reality (AR) program, that used the student created Google Map content. AR is the integration of digital information with the live video or the userís environment in real time. See the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DySC4iQLtZM). Through the use of the~Wikitude App (free app) visitors to the cemetery can see where sites are, how far they have to walk to see them, and the historical profiles for each site.
The directions for creating your own Wikitude augmented reality map can be found at: http://www.wikitude.com/build-wikitude-world-google-collaborative-maps/


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We depend on donations from users of our database of over 8000 edible and useful plants to keep making it available free of charge and to further extend and improve it. In recent months donations are down, and we are spending more than we receive. Please give what you can to keep PFAF properly funded. More >>>
Bloom Color: Yellow. Main Bloom Time: Early spring, Late spring, Mid spring. Form: Pyramidal, Rounded.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Woodland Garden Secondary; Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade; Shady Edge; Hedge; East Wall. By. South Wall. By. West Wall. By.
Edible Parts: Fruit LeavesEdible Uses: Condiment TeaLeaves - fresh or dried[21]. A spicy, aromatic flavouring, bay leaves are commonly used as a flavouring for soups, stews etc[7, 11, 15, 34, 183] and form an essential ingredient of the herb mix 'Bouquet Garni'[201, 238]. The leaves can be used fresh or are harvested in the summer and dried. The flavour of freshly dried, crushed or shredded leaves is stronger than fresh leaves, but the leaves should not be stored for longer than a year since they will then lose their flavour[238]. The dried fruit is used as a flavouring[142, 177, 183]. The dried leaves are brewed into a herbal tea[183]. An essential oil obtained from the leaves is used as a food flavouring[183]. Yields can vary from 1 - 3% oil[7].
References More on Edible Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.Abortifacient Antirheumatic Antiseptic Appetizer Aromatic Astringent Cancer Carminative Diaphoretic Digestive Diuretic Emetic Emmenagogue Narcotic Parasiticide Stimulant StomachicThe bay tree has a long history of folk use in the treatment of many ailments, particularly as an aid to digestion and in the treatment of bronchitis and influenza[244]. It has also been used to treat various types of cancer[218]. The fruits and leaves are not usually administered internally, other than as a stimulant in veterinary practice, but were formerly employed in the treatment of hysteria, amenorrhoea, flatulent colic etc[4]. Another report says that the leaves are used mainly to treat upper respiratory tract disorders and to ease arthritic aches and pains[254]. It is settling to the stomach and has a tonic effect, stimulating the appetite and the secretion of digestive juices[254]. The leaves are antiseptic, aromatic, astringent, carminative, diaphoretic, digestive, diuretic, emetic in large doses, emmenagogue, narcotic, parasiticide, stimulant and stomachic[4, 7, 21, 210, 218]. The fruit is antiseptic, aromatic, digestive, narcotic and stimulant[218]. An infusion has been used to improve the appetite and as an emmenagogue[4]. The fruit has also been used in making carminative medicines and was used in the past to promote abortion[4]. A fixed oil from the fruit is used externally to treat sprains, bruises etc, and is sometimes used as ear drops to relieve pain[4]. The essential oil from the leaves has narcotic, antibacterial and fungicidal properties[218].
References More on Medicinal Uses
An important new book from PFAF. It focuses on the attributes of plants suitable for food forests, what each can contribute to a food forest ecosystem, including carbon sequestration, and the kinds of foods they yield. The book suggests that community and small-scale food forests can provide a real alternative to intensive industrialised agriculture, and help to combat the many inter-related environmental crises that threaten the very future of life on Earth.
Read More
Essential Hedge Hedge Parasiticide Repellent Strewing WoodAn essential oil from the fruit is used in soap making[7, 46, 61]. The plant is highly resistant to pests and diseases, it is said to protect neighbouring plants from insect and health problems[14]. The leaves are highly aromatic and can be used as an insect repellent, the dried leaves protect stored grain, beans etc from weevils[14]. It is also used as a strewing herb because of its aromatic smell and antiseptic properties[244]. Very tolerant of clipping[11, 200], it can be grown as a screen or hedge in areas suited to its outdoor cultivation[182, 200]. Wood - sweetly-scented, does not wear quickly. Used for marqueterie work, walking sticks and friction sticks for making fires[4, 89].
Food Forest Hedge Hedge Scented Plants
References More on Other Uses
Landscape Uses:Border, Container, Screen, Standard, Specimen, Street tree. Succeeds in any soil of moderate fertility[1], preferring a moisture retentive well-drained fertile soil[200]. Succeeds in dry soils. Prefers full sun but succeeds in light shade[200]. Plants are fairly wind hardy, but they do not like extreme maritime exposure[166] or cold dry winds[202]. The plant is not fully hardy in all areas of Britain and may require protection in severe winters. When dormant it is reliably hardy to about -5°c, with occasional lows to -15°c, these lower temperatures may defoliate the tree but it usually recovers in late spring to summer[200]. Laurus nobilis angustifolia (Syn 'Salicifolia') is somewhat hardier and has the same aromatic qualities[182]. The bay tree is a very ornamental plant[1] that is often cultivated for its leaves which are used as a food flavouring. Some named forms exist[202]. When bruised, the leaves release a sweet aromatic scent[245]. The tree is highly resistant to pests and diseases[14, 201] and is also notably resistant to honey fungus[200]. This species has been held in high esteem since ancient times[244]. It was dedicated to Apollo, the god of light and was also a symbol of peace and victory[244]. It was used to make wreaths for emperors, generals and poets[11, 89, 244]. Dioecious. Male and female plants must be grown if seed is required. Special Features:Attractive foliage, Fragrant foliage, Not North American native. In garden design, as well as the above-ground architecture of a plant, root structure considerations help in choosing plants that work together for their optimal soil requirements including nutrients and water. The root pattern is branching: a heart root, dividing from the crown into several primary roots going down and out [2-1].
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit:
Plants For A Future have a number of books available in paperback and digital form. Book titles include Edible Plants, Edible Perennials, Edible Trees, and Woodland Gardening. Our new book to be released soon is Edible Shrubs.
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Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe in early autumn in a greenhouse[200]. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots once they are large enough to handle and grow them on in the greenhouse for at least their first year. Plant them out into their permanent positions in early summer and give them some protection from the cold for at least their first winter outdoors[K]. Cuttings of half-ripe wood, July/August in a frame. Can take 6 months[1, 14]. Cuttings of mature side shoots, 10 - 12cm with a heel, November/December in a cold frame. Leave for 18 months. High percentage[78]. Layering.
If available other names are mentioned here
Bay laurel
Search over 900 plants ideal for food forests and permaculture gardens. Filter to search native plants to your area. The plants selected are the plants in our book 'Plants For Your Food Forest: 500 Plants for Temperate Food Forests and Permaculture Gardens, as well as plants chosen for our forthcoming related books for Tropical/Hot Wet Climates and Mediterranean/Hot Dry Climates. Native Plant Search
Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it's worth checking.
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
For a list of references used on this page please go here
I noticed Laurus noblis self sewing under mature pines, it seems they have more tolerence than usual for pines ability to inhibit other plants, even if mature pines are meant to be kinder than young ones.
(Plants in Wellington, New Zealand)
Laurusinfo All info about Laurus nobilis and cultivars
it is really peculiar not to mention the most important use of laurel oilproduced from berries and used as one of the best soap maker oil with unbelievable benefits to the skin and scalp as well as hair loss the geographical indicater is Kessab of Syria with a history of more than 400 years.Laurapel .com is the website to get some information about soap making
laurapel.com natural laurel soap /village soap makers
On our bay hedge the leaves on the side exposed to the sun have all gone brown. although the hedge does not seem to have died. We need to decide if we should give it time and maybe it will recover or whether it is in fact slowly dying.?
i think this page is relly good. it has alot of good information in here i relly like it
I know it's a bit late to reply to austin hawkins' post above, but I thought I'd add this anyway: I would need to know more about the site, but it sounds like thawing damage. After a heavy frost, the leaves get strong early morning sun that quickly thaws out the leaves. This sudden temperature change is what does the damage. Does that sound like the issue?
Ashridge Trees Bay Laurel Plants
ornamental bay trees trained as "mop-head standard" are particularly at risk from low temperatures, especially if imported from a warm country ( say Italy ) to a cooler one (eg uk).
This is because the bark is not hardy. Therefore even if you have a tree that has survived cold winters for years, if you prune it severely even in the spring it can die outright the following winter because the bark on the trunk has lost its insulating layer of dense foliage and no amount of 'ripening' will make up for this.
If you want to cloud prune your bay you will have to wrap the stem and branches in a hessian binding like the japanese do, to get it safely thru the winter
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The American Bald Eagle, A symbol of Our Pride and Strength. This Beautiful Beast, cast in Fine Grained white concrete, with re-enforcement filaments. Regular price 269.00. He's 21″ tall, roughly 8″ from Shoulder to Shoulder, and the base of the tree stump is approx 6-1/2 x 7. Weighing nearly 30 Lbs. Painted in UV safe paints, to help keep his colors bright longer, and a top coat sealer for more protection. He is outdoor safe year round, but will remain brighter longer if you bring him in for a harsh winter. Some Interesting Facts: Their nests are commonly 6′ deep, and 8′ in diameter. Using the same nests all their lives and adding to them every year Able to stand the harshest winters, an under layer of Down creates a warm pocket of air, their claws having few blood vessels and aren't bothered by the cold. Their beaks not really a living organ are not effected by the weather. 5.9 7.5 ft. 20 years (In the wild). Least Concern (Population increasing). The bald eagle, with its snowy-feathered (not bald) head and white tail, is the proud national bird symbol of the United Statesyet the bird was nearly wiped out here. For many decades, bald eagles were hunted for sport and for the "protection" of fishing grounds. Pesticides like DDT also wreaked havoc on eagles and other birds. These chemicals collect in fish, which make up most of the eagle's diet. They weaken the bird's eggshells and severely limited their ability to reproduce. Since DDT use was heavily restricted in 1972, eagle numbers have rebounded significantly and have been aided by reintroduction programs. The result is a wildlife success storythe U. Fish and Wildlife Service has upgraded the birds from endangered to least concern. He will be fully insured. I will file a claim with the carrier. Be sure to save all materials pending inspection by the carrier. The item "Concrete Statue American Bald Eagle 21 tall, Hand Painted, Made in the USA" is in sale since Tuesday, August 6, 2019. This item is in the category "Home & Garden\Yard, Garden & Outdoor Living\Garden Décor\Statues & Lawn Ornaments". The seller is "us-hul6″ and is located in Wysox, Pennsylvania. This item can be shipped to United States.
- Size: 21″ Tall
- Shape: Eagle
- Brand: Eagle
- Country/Region of Manufacture: United States
- Material: Concrete
- Theme: Americana
- Type: Statue
- Features: Hand Painted
- Color: Hand Painted


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March 9, 2018 | By Sikh Siyasat Bureau
New York: A US based Sikh civil rights group called Sikh Coalition on Thursday expressed deep concern over rising menace of hate crimes against religious and ethnic minorities residing in USA. Whilst working over three new cases taken up by the rights body has suggested that increased vigilance is need of the hour to tackle this progressing new wave of hate crime.
While this is an alarming recent spike, it follows a pattern: We estimate that Sikhs in the U.S. are experiencing an average of one hate crime per week since the start of 2018. This figure is likely to be the tip of the iceberg as many individuals of hate crimes do not report them to law enforcement or to them, says the rights group in its statement.
"We provide completely free and confidential legal assistance to Sikhs who have been discriminated against or subject to bias based upon their religious beliefs or identity. The Sikh Coalition handles nearly 200 free and confidential legal intakes a year, and we examine every submission on a case-by-case basis," reads the quote from the flier issued by the Sikh Coalition.
"Our organization is designed to be your insurance policy when a hate crime occurs," said the Sikh Coalition's Legal Director, Amrith Kaur. "Nobody in America has more legal experience dealing with hate crime cases for Sikhs than our organization, and we are always here to protect your rights."
(1) Save Our WhatsApp Number 0091-855-606-7689 to your phone contacts; and
(2) Send us Your Name via WhatsApp. Click Here to Send WhatsApp Message Now.
Related Topics: Sikh News USA, Sikhs in USA, The Sikh Coalition, USA


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The appearance of a new edition of America: What Went Wrong?, a 1992 best-seller by Donald Barlett and James Steele, prize-winning reporters for the Philadelphia Inquirer, is an opportunity for those of us still in the news business to reflect. I have no problem with the subtitle they have added, The Crisis Deepens. But what was I thinking when the book was published?
What Went Wrong appeared in the spring of 1992, based on a series that had appeared in the newspaper the autumn before. Already there was plenty of carnage to fill chapters titled "Dismantling the Middle Class," "Shifting Taxes – from Them to You," and "The Chaos of Health Care." H. Ross Perot was warning about the "giant sucking sound" that would accompany passage of the North American Free Trade Act, as American manufacturing jobs were shifted to Mexico. Reagan had made the idea of NAFTA part of his 1980 presidential campaign. George H.W. Bush had signed the Canadian portion of the measure in 1988. Bill Clinton defeated Bush in November, while Perot received 19 percent of the popular vote. The overall treaty was ratified by the Democratic-led Senate in December the following year.
The US was deep in the political/cultural mood-swing I have come to think of as "the market turn" – away from the propensity to regulate, towards enthusiasm for the promise of technological and financial innovation, with a predisposition toward globalization, and reliance on market processes to sort it all out.
My prior beliefs about America's foreign trade at the time were informed mainly by a little conference volume from 1986, Strategic Trade Policy and the New International Economics, edited by Paul Krugman, of MIT. Twenty-two years later, Krugman would be recognized with a Nobel Prize in economics for the work he had done in those years about competition among what we had recently begun calling "high-tech" products. "Industrial policy" had been a somewhat daring taste, but now it was coming out of the closet.
The fast growth of Japan in the 1970s and '80s had been a false alarm; you couldn't conclude that America has "gone wrong" from Toyota's success; only that it had received a clarion wake-up call. By 1990 Japan's economy was mired in recession. But things were definitely changing.
The first leveraged-buyout book I read was When the Machine Stopped (1989), by Max Holland, about a disastrous Kohlberg, Kravis & Roberts buyout ten years before of toolmaker Houdaille Corp. I reviewed American Steel: The Metal Men and the Resurrection of the Rust Belt (1991), by Richard Preston, about the new scrap mill industry, then read with special care the brilliant Making Steel: Sparrows Point and the Rise and Ruin of American Industrial Might (1988), by Baltimore Sun reporter Mark Reutter. By then I was reading books about Wall Street, of which Highly Confident: The Crime and Punishment of Michael Milken (1992), by Jesse Kornbluth, seemed the most damning.
But the eyes-wide-open moment for me arrived with IBM's decision in 1994 to sell its personal computer business to China's Lenovo. I had reviewed Big Blues: The Unmaking of IBM (1993), by Paul Carroll, of The Wall Street Journal. So I knew something about how Bill Gates had snookered IBM out of the far more profitable personal computer software industry. The question was, could a Chinese company continue to make a success of a high-gloss American manufacturing business?
Ten years later, the answer was in: they had, and then some. By then, Harvard economist Dani Rodrik had published his heretical Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (1997). The 1999 Seattle protests as China prepared to join the World Trade Organization had made it clear there was trouble on the horizon. William Overholt had been prescient in The Rise of China: How Economic Reform Iis Creating a New Superpower (1993), but not until James Kynge, of the Financial Times, published China Shakes the World: A Titan's Rise and Troubled Future (2006) were the dimensions clear.
By the time David Autor, David Dorn, and Gordon Hanson published The China Shock Learning from Labor Market Adjustments to Large Changes in Trade in the Annual Review of Economics, in 2016, Donald Trump has become the Republican Party's presidential nominee. "The China Shock" and the work that's come after may warrant another Nobel Prize twenty years hence; and an avalanche of books about American job losses had begun, including the best-selling Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of Family and Culture in Crisis (2016), by the many-faceted J.D. Vance. My favorite was Glass House: The 1% Economy and the Shattering of an American Town (2017), by Brian Alexander, about Lancaster, Ohio, his hometown.
It was when I read An Extraordinary Time: The End of the Post-war Boom and the Return of the Ordinary Economy (2015), by economic journalist Marc Levinson, that my sense of the overall narrative crystalized. Those first thirty years after World War II had indeed seen A period of remarkable economic growth in the United States and Europe – les trente glorieuse in France; a "golden age" in Britain; the Wirtschaftswunder in West Germany, il Miracolo in Italy. But those first thirty years were a phenomenon of the Atlantic World. The next miracles of growth occurred around the Pacific. It was US power and America's commitment to principles of free trade that facilitated the growth that brought down communism, and created a vastly richer and more equal world – equal, at least, among nations. Does that make it safer, too? The world certainly has become dangerously warmer. There is nothing "ordinary" about the global economy of today.
I didn't vote for Ross Perot in 1992. Nor did I believe America had "gone wrong" then, at least not in a general way, though abuses were beginning to pile up. Barlett and Steel were definitely on to something, along with other center-left journalists, in particular Thomas Edsall, then of The Washington Post, and David Cay Johnson, then of The New York Times. Only in 2016 did America's elected government decisively break bad, at least for a time. Thanks to Perot and Barlett and Steele and all the others, including young Paul Krugman, we can't say we were not warned.


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In the 1970's, the Hollywood MGM studio's wanted to try out a new thing and ordered a series of eight cruiseships that were to be built partially in Denmark and partially in Italy. During the first buildingstages, the company lost interest and the contract for the first two ships was taken over by Cunard Line. The ships were built as Cunard Countess and Cunard Princess and sailed for Cunard untill the mid 1990's. So it wasn't new that other kinds of business started to enter the lucrative cruisemarket, when the Walt Disney Company announced the building of two cruiseliners for the Caribbean cruisetrade in 1995. But other then the MGM studio's, Disney carried on and entered the Caribbean in full force.
The Disney funnel of Disney Magic shown below sporting The Famous Mouse.
The ships, of over 80.000-tons, were truly built to 'wow' the public, as you can expect from Disney. Totally built to the profile of the old oceanliners, with long foredecks, stepped down aftdecks and topped by two massive funnels sporting the face of Disney's most well-known character, Mickey Mouse. The reason I made the connection to Cunard Line earlier is not a co-incidence, as Disney also used the profile of the first Queen Elizabeth of 1940 as a basis for their design. Of course, the ships are modern day cruiseliners, with sides filled with balcony-cabins, but the resemblance is there. Under the bridge, the foreward superstructure is rounded, like on the great Cunard liner. The funnels even are done in red and black and with some imagination have similarities to those aboard QE. Disney sais that this is a co-incidence, because the funnels are painted in the same colours as the famous mouse. Last but not least, Disney had built their own departureterminal at Port Canaveral as almost an exact replica to the old Ocean terminal at Southampton, that was the departereterminal for the great Queen Elizabeth and Queen Mary between the 1930's and 1960's. To really impact the Caribbean, the Walt Disney Company also bought its own island, named it Castaway Quay and started to devellop it for the use of its cruiseliners. Disney only develloped half of the island, so the other half could be kept in its natural state. Several other cruiselines also use their own private islands, but none of them really owns them, they are all leased.
Disney's first ship Disney Magic entering the port of Alesund in Norway on her first Norwegian cruise in june 2015.
So what is Disney's connection to the sea? Well, Disney already offered cruises as compliment to a stay at Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida from the 1980's onwards and for this, they had a connection to Premier Cruise Line Aboard the ships, during the Disney sailings, were costumed characters from the world of Disney. In 1995, of course, everything changed. The partnership had already ended in 1993 and in 1997, Premier Cruise Line was declared bankrupt.
The first ship for Disney was named Disney Magic and set sail at the 30th of july of 1998, followed by a direct sister named Disney Wonder in august of 1999. Because of the success created by the ships, an order was placed for two even larger ships in 2009 and those entered service as Disney Dream in 2011 and Disney Fantasy in 2012. Built to the same profile and imidiately recognizable, with 129.600 tons they are significantly bigger. When the new ships came in service, Disney expanded their horizon and the Disney Magic set sail for Europe, sailing from Barcelona in 2014. From 2015 onwards, she was also seen in more northern waters, sailing her first Norwegian cruise in june of that year. As Disney of course is marketed as a company especially sailing for families and of course children, the ships do not have casino's aboard and the style is very informal ad filled with fun for children of all ages. And don't we all love Disney?
Just nog sporting a true figurehead, the ships of the line do have the classic touch of the old sailingclippers, with a decorated bow. As the company is originally registered as Magical Cruise Company Limited (Disney Cruiseline just being the trading name) of course there is Mickey again in his magical outfit.


text: EATBETA primarily relies on volunteers to provide hands-on training to rural farmers in quality crop farming, livestock farming, using farm equipment, business skills, etc. Students from US-based universities and colleges are solicited and encouraged to volunteer at our summer missions. We have previously had students from North Carolina A&T University and Prairie View A&M University volunteering at EATBETA's summer missions in Africa. We believe that such missions provide important fieldwork opportunities for university students, through which they gain practical experience. More so, student volunteers may qualify for extra course credit, if approved by a partner or participating US-based college. EATBETA has formed important partnership and collaboration relationships with local universities to provide supervision to student-volunteers who participate in training rural farmers.


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TopVue Air (6 lenses)
TopVue Air Monthly Contact Lenses
TopVue Air are the latest generation of advanced silicone-hydrogel contact lenses. They are extremely breathable and retain the required water content needed for comfort and clarity. The new lens design and technology guarantee comfort and healthy wear.Money Back Guarantee
Money back guaranteeIf the contact lenses do not meet your expectations, you can return 4 unused lenses within 60 days of delivery including for a full refund. More information...
Daily wear
TopVue Air contact lenses are intended for daily wear with a 30-day replacement schedule. At night, it is necessary to remove and store the lenses in a contacts case filled with solution.
Comfort from the start
TopVue Air monthly contact lenses are supplied in plastic blister packs. The solution is fortified by added sodium hyaluronate, which is a highly effective lubricating substance that has complete compatibility with the physiological environment of the eye. This substance is completely natural to humans, therefore it does not cause any discomfort or undesirable complications (as may be the case for other wetting agents).
Highly breathable
The innovative technological processing of silicone-hydrogel materials provides TopVue Air lenses exceptional breathability by transporting atmospheric oxygen to the cornea, which proceeds through microscopic channels within the lens material. The ability to transfer oxygen (transmissibility) is 100 Dk/t in TopVue Air.
Sufficient hydration for healthy eyes
Another important parameter of all contact lenses is the use of sufficient water content. Water is essential for required hydration of the contact lenses. TopVue Air contain 45% water content. Thanks to this high water content, they remain sufficiently hydrated throughout the day. A high water content also helps reduce the adhesion of deposits on the lens surface.
Properties - TopVue Air (6 lenses)
|Pack size:
|6 lenses
|Oxygen permeability:
|100 Dk/t
|24 months and more
|Replacement schedule:
|30 Days
|Water content:
|Power range:
|from -12.00 to +8.00
|Lenses Material:
|Innofilcon A
|Extended or overnight wear:
|UV filter:
|Product name:
|TopVue Air
|Contains Sodium hyaluronate:
|Medical Device:
Comments (24)
In what country are made lenses?
Dear Vaida, Thank you for your question. The TopVue lenses are produced by Interojo Inc. in Korea.
Hello I am interested in trying Topvue Air lenses (price is a little more attractive). I'm using Biofinity at the moment, will I be able to wear these with no problem?
Hi Siomha, TopVue Air and Biofinity have very similar properties, so you should find them perfectly suitable. Our TopVue lenses come with a money-back guarantee, so if you are unsatisfied for any reason, you're welcome to return them for a full refund. More about our guarantee here: http://www.alensa.ie/…arantee.html
What is the difference between Topvue air and Topvue premium? I am interested to try a Topvue monthly lens, but not sure which might be better
Hi Turner, Both TopVue Air and TopVue Premium feature an extraordinarily high level of oxygen permeability. With more oxygen able to nourish your eyes, the lenses can be comfortable throughout the day. The only difference is that TopVue Air are monthly lenses and TopVue Premium should be replaced every 14 days. You can read more about TopVue Premium here: http://www.alensa.ie/…ium-6-lenses
Hi there, I'm trying to find the best contact lenses for dry eyes. Does a higher water content mean they're more suitable for dry eyes?
Hello Martha, 2 factors to consider when choosing lenses for dry eyes are water content and oxygen permeability. Water content refers to how much moisture the lenses can maintain to keep you comfortable throughout the day. Oxygen permeability refers to how much oxygen is able to pass through the lens to nourish the cornea. Both of these measurements in TopVue Air are quite high.
Great lenses - really good for my dry eyes. I prefer these over any other lenses I've used in the past 15 years.
Comfortable and well-priced. Lenses arrived quickly with no hassle. excellent all around.
Very easy to wear. I'm generally uncomfortable with lenses in, but a friend recommeneded these, and they've given me no trouble whatsoever. Amen!
Lightest, most comfortable monthly lenses I've tried. I've already recommended them to my husband and sisters. I'm pleased to say we're all very satisfied customers.
Nice lenses, very comfortable and a great price. Overall very pleased.
Very pleasant to wear. I'm quite happy I gave these a try. Will definitely reorder and recommend to friends.
I can't even feel these lenses when they're in my eye. Perfectly comfortable throughout the day.
Excellent experience with Alensa. You handled my return flawlessly. No problem whatsoever with these lenses, I only wanted to make a switch to the Topvue daily lenses. I'm very pleased with the lenses and the entire process.
Sturdy, reliable lenses for a good price. I tried these as a free gift, and decided to re-order. I'm saving a lot of money now, and I appreciate it.
Much better quality lens than the daily lenses, in my opinion. I will happily stick to using these for a while, based on comfort and cost.
Very easy to wear contact lenses and cheaper than many other brands I've tried. Fast, reliable delivery with DHL. I would buy from Alensa again.
Good quality lenses, and exceptional service. The lenses arrived promptly, and I've been thoroughly pleased with my ordering experience with Alensa.
Very good lenses, overall. They don't dry out in my eyes, and I find that I can wear them comfortably most days for the whole day, which wasn't possible with Surevue.
The moisture is noticeable. Usually my eyes are drying out in the afternoon, but I can get in a full 12 hours in these with no discomfort.
Overall, great lenses. I was a bit worried about handling, as they seemed much thinner than lenses I'm used to, but they made up for it with comfort.
I tried topvue as the free gift with my order, and i'm impressed. i plan to re-order these when my current lenses run out.
I'm a recent convert to the Topvue brand, but these lenses are a spectacular value for my money. I can't really tell that I'm wearing them, which has never been entirely possible with other lenses.
Good lenses; very light and comfortable. I'll definitely be a repeat customer.
Great value for the price. I appreciate the smooth ordering process.
Was quite sceptical about this product, but ended with good result in the end.
TopVue Air (6 lenses)


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Healing Heels Foot Balm
You can buy new shoes, but you can't buy new feet—good thing there's Healing Heels Softening Foot Balm to repair cracks and smooth calluses! A powerful infusion of Shea Butter, Tea Tree Oil, and Arnica hydrates and moisturizes even the roughest, driest skin to calm irritation and promote healing, naturally. New feet, who dis?Shop on AmazonShop on HEB
Purpose: To heal cracks and calluses, hydrate rough skin, and soothe irritation!
The SuperFood Stack: Shea Butter + Tea Tree Oil + Arnica
The Good Stuff:
- 100% vegan and cruelty-free
- Made in the USA with high-quality organic ingredients
- Contains no parabens, sulfates, or phthalates
- Safe for color-treated hair
How To Apply: Clean and dry area to be treated. Apply liberally to skin until absorbed. Use as needed. Do not rinse.
Duh, Caution: For external use only. Avoid contact with eyes. If skin irritation develops, discontinue use. Keep out of reach of children.
Additional information
|0.5 lbs
|2 × 2 × 7.13 in
Aqua (Water), Isopropyl Myristate, Glycerin, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, *Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil, *Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil, Glyceryl Stearate SE, *Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond ) Oil, *Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, *Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Cetyl alcohol, Stearic Acid, Stearyl Alcohol, *Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter Extract, Polysorbate 60, *Melaleuca Alternafolia (Tea Tree) Leaf Oil, *Arnica Montana (Arnica) Flower Extract, *Argania Spinosa (Argan) Kernel Oil, Sodium Hydroxide , Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E), *Limnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil, Panthenol (Vitamin B5), *Borago Officinalis (Borage) Seed Oil, *Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice, *Citrus Limon (Lemon) Fruit Extract, Ethylhexylglycerin, Dehydroacetic Acid, Fragrance.


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- Categories:
- Regions:
The vast red landscape of western Queensland is a time capsule of our prehistoric past, waiting to be discovered.
There are many trails of discovery that you can take through Queensland's outback parks and forests—your options are almost as endless as the fossil specimens you will find there. Here we've pulled together some suggestions to appeal to the dinosaur-delvers and fossil-fossickers amongst us! And, of course, anyone who has a fascination with our ancient past (and who doesn't?).
If you want to walk among unique dinosaur tracks, uncover layers of prehistory carved into rock and search for ancient fossils at a world-famous archaeological site, make sure to add these parks to your Outback bucket list. Happy exploring!
1. Delve into the dinosaur era at Lark Quarry
Venture into 'jump-up' country, about 100km (2hrs) south-west of Winton (4WD recommended, although the unsealed road is also suitable for conventional vehicles), to come face-to-face with ancient (and we mean ancient) history at Lark Quarry Conservation Park. As you rollercoaster across ancient mesas (flat-topped hills known as 'jump-ups'), gullies and steep escarpments formed over millions of years of erosion, you'll perhaps get an inkling of what's in store.
You'll arrive at the site of the world's only known dinosaur stampede site, nowadays protected inside a solar-powered shelter, the Dinosaur Stampede National Monument.
Here, you'll be transported back to a prehistoric age—the site reveals a snapshot of history 95 million years in the making! Gaze in awe at more than 3,300 dinosaur footprints embedded in a fossilised rock face, thought to be the result of a dinosaur stampede—a paleontologist's paradise!
Do you remember similar scenes in Steven Spielberg's 'Jurassic Park'? Apparently, Lark Quarry was the inspiration! (And yes, 'life has found a way here'). Very recently, an alternative to the 'stampede' theory has been proposed, suggesting the concentration of footprints was made by a flock of small two-legged dinosaurs moving around a natural river crossing…in no particular hurry!
Whatever happened all that time ago, sandy sediments covered the tracks, the mud dried, and 95 million years later (think 1960s) they were discovered by a station manager in the nearby Seymour Quarry and later excavated by The University of Queensland and the Queensland Museum.
Belonging mostly to chicken-sized Skartopus and emu-sized Wintonopus dinosaurs, there are also footprints from larger dinosaurs, thought to be a carnivore, the intimidatingly-named Australovenator, and an herbivore similar to the Muttaburrasaurus (kids love saying that one!). Sorry, no T-Rex!
Lose yourselves in the dinosaur trackways for an hour or more, then, if you've come prepared with a lunch esky and walking shoes, there's more fun in store!
Explore 'jump-up' country by foot on the 500m Spinifex circuit and capture views over the Mitchell grass downs to the east and the channel country in the west. If you are fit and experienced walkers, check out the 3.5km Jump Up Loop, an unformed cross-country track (subtle track markers point the way). You'll skirt several gullies and climb along the western escarpment, spotting wallaroos and lizards along the way. The views over the sprawling landscape and red earth escarpments from the top of the 'jump-ups' are well worth the walk. It's best walked in the cooler part of the day, though!
Access to Lark Quarry's dinosaur trackways is by guided tour only and a fee applies (but you can enter the park free of charge, of course). Find out more about Lark Quarry Conservation Park. Always check Park alerts before you set off. Call Winton Shire Council to check road conditions, particularly after rain.
2. Drift along the Dinosaur Trail
Lark Quarry is in the middle of 'dinosaur country' so while you're here, make sure you check out these other attractions on the Dinosaur Trail, an outback circuit connecting Winton, Hughenden and Richmond:
- The Australian Age of Dinosaurs Museum, near Winton—discover the world's biggest collection of Australia's largest dinosaur fossils as well as life-sized bronze dinosaurs at Dinosaur Canyon.
- Flinders Discovery Centre and Museum, near Hughenden—explore an amazing exhibition of dinosaur fossils, including 'Hughie', a life size replica of a 7m Muttaburrasaurus (110 million year old plant-eating dinosaur).
- Kronosaurus Korner, Richmond—discover more than 1000 unique fossils from the area including 100–115 million year old remains of extinct marine reptiles, fishes, ammonites and squids that once dominated Australia's ancient inland sea.
- Fossil Hunting Sites, near Richmond—find your own fossils at these sites (permits, maps and guides available from Kronosaurus Korner).
3. Dive deep into an ancient landscape at Porcupine Gorge
'Layer upon layer' of history is revealed the deeper you walk down into Porcupine Gorge, our very own 'Little Grand Canyon'. Porcupine Gorge National Park, 60km north of Hughenden, is a surprising discovery in a flat savanna landscape, and a great place to doss down for a night or two on your trail through the Outback.
- Follow the steeply-descending Pyramid track down to the gorge floor. You'll travel about 120m in depth into the gorge but around 500 million years into the past—the eroding action of Porcupine Creek has uncovered strata of sedimentary rocks from five to 500 million years old! Don't expect to see fossils though, just (very) old rocks!
- At the bottom of the gorge, cool off in the clear pools of Porcupine Creek, and discover the Pyramid, a multi-coloured sandstone monolith rising from the gorge floor, shaped like (you guessed it) a pyramid!
- Make yourselves at home at the Pyramid camping area, with composting toilets, picnic tables and fire rings for camp fires. You'll need to book your site in advance and BYO everything else, including clean-milled firewood.
Find out more about Porcupine Gorge National Park, and camping in the Pyramid camping area. Make sure to check park alerts before you set off.
4. Discover diprotodons and other fossils at Riversleigh
Not that we want to boast, but the Riversleigh World Heritage site, at Boodjamulla (Lawn Hill) National Park, in the far west of the state, is one of the most significant fossil deposits in the world and the richest known fossil mammal deposit in Australia!
So grab your water bottles, clamp on your hats, lace up your boots and set off early to beat the heat. Follow the 800m Riversleigh Fossil trail as it winds up to the top of the limestone outcrop. Now, it's hard to imagine, but Riversleigh was once a lush rainforest scattered with freshwater lakes and this outcrop was once mud at the bottom of one of these lime-rich lakes.
The trail will take you past a selection of well-preserved fossils—a 25 million-year-old collection of creatures that once lived in and around this 'lake'. These fossils are a record of the evolution of life in Australia following the breakup of the ancient continent of Gondwana, and the reason the site is inscribed on the World Heritage list.
Ready to find some fossils? Here's a taste of what's in store for you:
- fossilised vertebra and gizzard stones of a towering flightless bird, fondly known as 'Big Bird' to paleontologists
- a circular fossil that is a cross section of a limb bone of a huge crocodile, possibly the 5m long, cleaver-headed Baru, with huge dagger-like teeth
- the fossilised tooth of a diprotodon—a sheep-sized, wombat-shaped mammal that browsed on vegetation on the forest floor, once as common in the landscape as cattle are today!
Take your time to read through the informative signs along the way and fully appreciate this incredible site, part of the Australian Fossil Mammal Sites World Heritage Area. If you prefer, you can also join a commercial tour to learn more from expert guides.
And, of course, if you're visiting Riversleigh, you'll want to camp in Boodjamulla (Lawn Hill) National Park, where you can seek respite from the heat and relax in the cool oasis of the gorge—walking, canoeing, swimming…ahhh!
Find out more about Riversleigh World Heritage Site, and check out all your activity options, including camping, in Boodjamulla (Lawn Hill) National Park. Always check park alerts before you head out.
Ready to unearth Queensland's most ancient secrets?
Your Outback adventure beckons, so get ready to go exploring! Check out other outback parks to extend your itinerary!


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Table of Contents
Exchange Public Folders or Mail Contacts
A recent post to the Office 365 Technical Discussions Facebook group came from a small Office 365 tenant (a voluntary fire brigade with 47 members) who wanted to share global contacts such as the town mayor or local companies. The only solution they had discovered was to create a public folder to hold contacts. This will work, but it's an Outlook-only solution because Outlook is the only email client that understands how to use the shared contacts from a public folder as an address list (see below)
Mail Contacts Have Best Client Support
Given the widespread use of mobile devices and the undesirability of setting up and managing public folders in a small Office 365 tenant, mail contacts seem like a better approach. A mail contact is an object created in Exchange for someone outside your organization. Each contact has an email address and other properties that you'd expect to find in an address book, such as first and last name, display name, mailing address, and phone numbers. The email address used for a mail contact must be unique. In other words, it cannot be assigned to another mail-enabled object already known to your organization (including guest user accounts).
Mail contacts are included in the Exchange Global Address List (GAL) and Offline Address Book (OAB), so they are available to all the Microsoft email clients – Outlook desktop (Windows and Mac), OWA, and Outlook for iOS and Android. Because mail contacts exist in the Exchange directory, they are also available to third-party email clients, if those clients choose to include the necessary support (here's one example that does).
The Downside of Mail Contacts
The downside of mail contacts is that these objects can only be added by an Exchange administrator (or more precisely, an account that has been assigned the Mail Recipients RBAC role). Once your account has the necessary permissions, it can add or update mail contacts using the Office 365 Admin Center (Users – Contacts), the Recipients section of the Exchange Admin Center (EAC), or by running the New-MailContact PowerShell cmdlet.
Use PowerShell to Import Contacts from a CSV File
One way to approach the problem is to ask someone who doesn't have administrative permission to maintain a CSV file holding details of the common contacts. You can add as many of the properties supported by Exchange for mail contacts as you wish. Once the file is ready, PowerShell can process its contents.
This very simple PowerShell code reads the CSV file shown above and creates a new mail contact for each line found in the file. Note that the New-MailContact cmdlet creates a new mail contact and the Set-Contact cmdlet updates some of the extended properties, like phone numbers.
$InputContacts = import-csv c:\temp\inputcontacts.csv Write-Host $InputContacts.Count "contacts found" ForEach ($Contact in $InputContacts) { $Alias = $Contact.First + "." + $Contact.Last # Real simple code to make sure that we have an alias If ($Alias -eq $Null) { $Alias = $N.Name.Split("")[0] + "." + $N.Name.Split("")[1] } If ((Get-Recipient -Identity $Contact.EmailAddress -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) -eq $Null) { # Recipient is not known, so we can add them Write-Host "Adding contact" $Contact.EmailAddress New-MailContact -Name $Contact.Name -ExternalEmailAddress $Contact.EmailAddress -Alias $Alias -FirstName $Contact.First -LastName $Contact.Last # Update country and phone numbers Set-Contact -Identity $Alias -MobilePhone $Contact.MobilePhone -Phone $Contact.WorkPhone -CountryOrRegion $Contact.Country -Company $Contact.Company } }
Free Book about Eradicating Public Folders
If your organization is considering moving from public folders, consider reading the eBook "The Complete Guide to Eradicating Legacy Public Folders" to get some ideas for how you might approach the task.
For more information about public folders, see Chapter 8 of the companion volume for the Office 365 for IT Pros eBook. Mail contacts are covered in Chapter 7 of the main book. You get both the main and companion volumes when you subscribe to Office 365 for IT Pros.