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Champions Destiny APK Version 1.4.5
Marvel at the unique twist on Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) tailored for a legendary mobile experience. In Champions Destiny, PvP games are played on a compact battlefield and reduced to three minutes to fit around your schedule.
Collect a star roster of heroes from six different classes. Max out their potential by leveling them up (RPG progression). Create the perfect team and fight other players. Become the very best in the Legendary league!
Create alliances and play in real time 3v3 wars. Use strategy to conquer your opponents.
Join a robust community with frequent collaboration! There will be regular updates from the team and a space for your voice to be heard. The game can't reach its full potential without help from the players!
Features –
• 2-lane arena for a cleaner experience
• 3-minute PvP games against real opponents in real time
• 3 champions that you can control at the same time!
• 6 classes of champions to create different team compositions
• 9 PvP leagues for you to climb to the top
• Fight using abilities to crush opponents.
• Time pushes to kill towers
• Use brush to get a jump on your enemies.
• Be a hero and dive to get a kill. Worth.
• Develop your skills to become a legend.
• Complete your collection with the highest stars of all the champions.
• RPG progression using levels and equipment
• Join an Alliance and cooperate with others in 3v3 battles.
• Participate in weekly Tournaments to get the best rewards.
• Chat and discuss the best strategy to defeat others in the Arena.
Champions Destiny is FREE to download and FREE to play. However, you can purchase in-app items with real money. If you wish to disable this feature, please turn off the in-app purchases on your phone or tablet settings.
Other great titles by Social Point: Monster Legends, Dragon City, and World Chef. Check them out!


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Jerri Hurley came into the world of storytelling due to the talent of her daughter, Katie. For the past three Story Crossroads Festivals, Katie has earned one of the cherished spots through one of our feed-in events, the Murray Storytelling Festival. Not even half of these wonderful Murray youth tellers continue on to the county-level of our Festival. This in and of itself is amazing. Then, add to that the volunteerism from Jerri who serves as the Hospitality Chair with the Story Crossroads Board.
Jerri said she was impressed by the Festival and all the ways that the community became involved. She wished to support Story Crossroads. Jerri sent along a picture of Katie with Mara Menzies, one of our featured tellers of that year from Scotland.
We gladly welcomed Jerri. In return, she welcomed our out-of-state professional story artists to the Salt Lake Valley and personalized the items that the story artists could take home with them to remember Utah. For example, she knew that Brian "Fox" Ellis loved bird watching. He received a book on Utah birds and then Jerri worked out a trip for Brian to go to the planned a trip to Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge between performances and outreaches for Story Crossroads. She also honored the amazing Utah professional story artists with special goodie bags.
During August, the Granite School District invited Rachel Hedman to teach two different storytelling workshops while introducing people to Story Crossroads. Rachel knew this only could be done if each of the workshops were kicked off with a youth teller performing for these teachers. Katie Hurley was one of these selected youth. She did a wonderful rendition of "Tops and Bottoms" on two neighbors figuring out how to share what they have grown.
Then last September, Story Crossroads had the opportunity to have a booth at the Boy Scouts of America Jamboral celebrating 100 years in Utah. Jerri and Katie volunteered to help out. As Janine Nishiguchi and Rachel Hedman performed tandem ghost stories the night before with the Scouts and Leaders, this spooky theme continued on with the booth. The people spun the Scary Story Starter and found out which one of the four beginnings would be theirs to build and shake our bones. One lady told the Hurleys that this was the best booth in the entire Jamboral. There was always a line of Scouts, anxious to tell stories…and to earn one to four pieces of candy depending on how developed their stories turned out.
To handle the lines, Katie decided to perform for a small group of Scouts. Katie has grown her repertoire after a few years telling for the Murray Storytelling Festival and the Story Crossroads Festival. One of the groups of Scouts were those with special needs. All were enthralled.
Jerri captured some of the moments as seen in the pictures above. She wrote to us, "Katie is loving helping out with the booth." We know that we will count on Katie–and her mother–many more times.
So toss, tip, or take off your cap to Jerri and Katie Hurley!
We also have year-round events such as the monthly house concerts and the 4th Annual Story Crossroads Festival that will be on May 15, 2019.

subset: commoncrawl


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Bufdir winner of Danish Design Award
Danish Design Award 2020
Danish Design Award 2020
Our client Bufdir (The Norwegian Directorate for Children, Youth and Family Affairs) together with EGGS, have the honour to receive the Danish Design Award in the category Outstanding Service.
Bufdir differentiated mediation services won the award with the following motivation from the jury:
"A new design tool to help people through difficult conversations and to avoid unnecessary conflicts. It's an excellent example of design that can make a difference in a less obvious field, and an example of bravery from a public institution in using design principles for such an emotionally charged issue. The pilot project documents an increase in the number of conversations with the children, and that 40% of the parents in complicated conflicts come to an understanding. It is more than a digital tool based on algorithms, as it also facilitates human contacts throughout the service, for example, via a psychologist."
It's an excellent example of design that can make a difference in a less obvious field, and an example of bravery from a public institution in using design principles for such an emotionally charged issue.Danish Design Award's jury
You can read the complete verdict here.
Every year, 25,000 children in Norway experience their parents divorcing. Although many breakups are amicable, a lot end up in conflict, something which puts enormous strain on the children. Therefore, mediation is vital in reducing that strain, because even though couples fall apart, parenthood continues.
Bufdir pursued opportunities for innovation and improvement in mediation services. There were geographical and professional differences among Norwegian mediation services and family counselling tasks had increased in complexity as a result of more diverse user groups. Therefore, the goal has been to create an improved mediation service – one that's more user-centred and dependable.
Our friends in the industry, Making Waves, are currently developing one of many of the service components, the digital tool.
The Danish Design Award celebrates the best design solutions and highlights the ways in which design can make a difference for our society.Danish Design Award is the major annual Danish design event, and is presented byDesign denmark and Danish Design Centre. Read more about the award here.


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Incredibly cool to have the @hotwheelsofficial Sto & Go back. Got one at Target… #thelamleygroup #hotwheelsthrowback
//platform.instagram.com/en_US/embeds.js" target="_blank">Find the Sto & Go at Target
Let's take a hard left from what we normally showcase here on Lamley.
We talk little cars here. Little replicas of cool big cars. I rarely wax nostalgic about the toy side of our hobby, but Hot Wheels and Target have forced my hand. Hot Wheels went out and did something that I rarely pay attention to, but this little move hit me square in the nostalgic nose, and I could not be more excited about it.
The Sto & Go is back! The Sto & Go! Children of the 80's, push your kids out of the way. It's playtime!!
Now let me get my pipe and my rocking chair, and I am going to sit you younger collectors down and tell you about the Sto & Go. Sonny, there was a time when playing with cars wasn't about wall tracks, car chomping dinosaurs, and super duper flips. We definitely had our tracks, and they definitely had their loops, but that was always about crashes. Your car had better hit its loop successfully, but just as important was that it hit another car on the way down.
But there was another, very important element to playing with cars back then. It was about replicating what you saw everyday. You wanted a city. A fire station over there, a police station over here, with a construction site, skyscrapers, junkyards, schools, stores, restaurants, and everything else in between. Maybe a farm just outside the city. I remember having a blanket as a kid that was made to look like San Francisco, where we lived. The Golden Gate and Bay Bridges were there, as was the TransAmerica building, Golden Gate Park, and other landmarks I can't remember. I used that blanket all the time as a young tike. As my younger brothers got older (2- to 3-years-old), they were welcome to join me, but I always had control of the police station. They could use the school.
There were plenty of police chases, car crashes, building fires, and even mundane activities like picking up the kids at school. And there was a TON of theme music and play-by-play, straight out of my mouth.
I loved that blanket, and thought nothing could top it. That was until Mom and Dad gave us a Sto & Go. Hot Wheels had made a little city, with gas stations and parking garages and buildings and a fast road. As well as the coolest thing ever, a ramp that housed a police car ready to catch speeders.
We played with it for hours on end. It always sat next to our San Francisco blanket. It folded into a little carrying case when we were done. It lasted forever. I remember our set clearly. So clearly that within the last year, I was having a conversation with one of my brothers and that came up. I asked where it was, and it appears that it met the fate of so many toys – the purging empty-nester. I don't blame my mom, but I sure miss the Sto & Go. There has never been a playset like it.
That is until Hot Wheels FINALLY brought it back. Hot Wheels developed a vintage-themed line exclusively for Target, and you can see it on endcaps in the toy section right now. There are models on vintage cards as well as several vintage playsets, the Sto & Go among them.
I have to say, I was very excited when I learned the Sto & Go was back. I also got it when I learned that the return of the Sto & Go at Target was aimed squarely at 80's-era kids like me. You bet I bit.
I grabbed a Sto & Go, and made myself a little video about it:
I don't know if all of you will share in my excitement about this. I know a lot of you born in the 1970's like me most definitely will. I am sure many of you have picked one up. You younger collectors should too. It is one of those forever toys. Play city with your kids, then let them play city with their kids, when that time comes. And in the meantime, you can play city yourself. You know you will.
(Find the Sto & Go at Target…)


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Maybe it's that late-night session last month... I don't know... but for someone who very rarely goes out for late-night supper after dinner, I inexplicably felt the need to binge while I was in Fukuoka. I just felt that there were things I wanted to eat and places I wanted to hit during my slightly longer stay this time around.
On my first night, after a sake session, I was dead set on getting some motsunabe (もつ鍋). It's something that originated from this part of Japan, and I didn't get around to having some during my short trip last month. So I's gonna git some!
It was past 1:30 a.m. and many shops selling motsunabe were already closed or closing... and I was by myself. I left the Grand Hyatt Fukuoka on foot and headed in the direction of Tenjin. The sign outside the Haruyoshi (春吉) branch of Ryu no Su (龍の巣) advertised motsunabe, since they specialize in horumon (ホルモン), so I sat down and ordered one up.
On the second night, I was feeling peckish again after some cocktails. This time I had Hello Kitty with me, and we figured we couldn't come to Fukuoka without checking out Ichiran (一蘭). Some ramen on a cold night? Hell yeah!
Apparently the branch in Tenjin Nishidori (天神西通り) is one of two locations offering a special ramen in a rectangular bowl, so we figured we needed to see what that's all about. Thankfully we didn't have to wait very long for our seats.
Premium tonkotsu ramen kamadare style (釜だれとんこつラーメン) - the serving vessel looked like a jubako bento (重箱弁当) box. Apparently the broth was made by stewing roast pork in a big pot, which gives a richer flavor. It certainly tasted richer to me. And for the first time, I actually added some of the signature spicy red sauce. And I asked for firmer noodles as usual.
Interesting that the slices of char siu (チャーシュ) that came with the bowl were sliced very thinly, while the slices which came as part of the premium set were probably double the thickness.
Very, very satisfied.
On the third night, DaRC decided that he, too, wanted to have motsunabe. We ended up going to the Nishinakasu (西中洲) branch of Rakutenchi (楽天地) - a local chain specializing in this dish - as it was the only outlet open past midnight.
The broth here was pretty flavorful... but didn't have that extra ooomph that I found on the first night coming from the deep-fried intestines and lard. Still very happy, though... especially since we had a lot of veggies.
On our final night, Hello Kitty and I returned to Hakata Ramen ShinShin (博多らーめん ShinShin) in Tenjin together with DaRC and Ro Ro. I would have one last bowl of Hakata-style pork bone ramen!


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Liner Legal would not be where we are today without our community, which is why we take any chance to get involved and give back. Check out what we are participating in, as well as how you can join!
Toast of the Town – Crohn's & Colitis Foundation
On November 18, Liner Legal sponsored the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation – Northeast Ohio Chapter's Toast of the Town event at the Ariel International Center.
This is the 5th year for the wine-related fundraiser, and this year had the mission of "Giving Thanks for Finding a Cure."
Although families have their own Thanksgiving and holiday traditions, the Crohn's & Colitis started a tradition of getting the community together to be thankful that a cure for IBD is not very far away.
Volunteering at the Community Assessment & Treatment Services
Attorney Michael Liner volunteered at the Community Assessment & Treatment Services (CATS) treatment facility on Thanksgiving. Liner Legal is thankful for any opportunity we get to give back to our incredible community.
The Lupus Foundation of America – Greater Ohio Chapter's 40th Anniversary
The Lupus Foundation of America, Greater Ohio Chapter is celebrating their 40th Anniversary! As part of their celebration, the chapter is holding a 40-day fundraiser until Dec. 10 in hopes to raise $40,000!
They are accepting donations in increments of $4, $40, as well as $400. All of the funds will go directly to lupus research. Furthermore, for more information check out their Facebook page or call 1(888)-NO-LUPUS!
Epilepsy Association's 2018 Winter Walk
The Epilepsy Association's 2018 Winter Walk will be held on Saturday, January 27th, 2018 from 8:00 a.m.- 10:00 a.m. at SouthPark Mall in Strongsville. Additionally, each year the Winter Walk headlines a Featured Family and nominates them for their commitment and courage in coping with epilepsy. The Walk is a fun, indoor walk with entertainment, raffles, door prizes, give-a-ways and many family-friendly activities. Registration, as well as fundraising, began in mid-October. For more info go to their website.


text: ADFF 2013: Film Clips October 02, 2013VideoWith 160+ films screening across its various sections, ADFF promises film fans a real feast! Click to watch clips from some of the best films showcasing at the Festival this year. More NewsSherief ElKatsha on 'Cairo Drive'Who Is Dayani Cristal?A Few Days in the Life of a Misunderstood Artist Are Seen in Camille Claudel 1915 festival guidedownload


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By Thomas Baier.
Here are all the technical details for the famous Grundig Satellit 700. This book includes an exhaustive analysis of one the finest portable shortwave radios ever made. Table of Contents: Preface, S700 History, Editions & Production, Versions, AGC/MGC Preselector, Hints & Modifications, AM/FM Test Mode, FM-RDS PI PTY Mode, Buying A Second Hand 700, Mint in box, Satellit 700 and Its Successor, Advertising, Booklets, Disassembling & Lithium Cell, Indicator and SSB adjustment, Satellit 500/700/900, Owner's Manual, Service Manual with Schematics. Printed in Germany. ©2002. 60 photos 117 pages (8.2 x 11.4). Click here to view larger cover. (Note: This book is temporarily out of print).


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We've known for a while now that Margot Robbie is set to star in a Suicide Squad spinoff film revolving around Harley Quinn. However, with David Ayer's entry into the DCEU having not gone over too well with fans or critics, chatter around the spinoff died down, leading many to wonder if it would still go ahead as planned.
Well, fear not DC fans, as TheWrap is reporting today that the show will indeed go on as Warner Bros. and DC Films have hired Christina Hodson to pen the script. Furthermore, they confirm earlier reports that it won't be entirely focused on Quinn, instead featuring multiple female heroes and villains from the DC universe.
That's all we've got for plot details at the moment, but this is certainly exciting news. Hodson is quickly becoming one of Hollywood's hottest writers, having made the Black List three times now. Not to mention she's also behind the Bumblebee spinoff for Paramount's Transformers franchise and early reports say that the studio is very excited about her script.
Of course, with Justice League, Wonder Woman and to a lesser extent, The Flash and Aquaman, taking up the lion's share of Warner Bros. and DC's attention right now, it's safe to say that this Harley Quinn spinoff is still a ways away. However, with a talented female scribe now on board, there's certainly reason to get excited for it, and now that Hodson is involved, we can hopefully expect to hear more updates on the project in the very near future.


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An essay was published in this issue of the Jewish Voice and Opinion journal, titled "Leaving Israel Because I'm Disengaged". The piece, which was written under the pseudonym of S.A. Halevy, detailed the author's disillusionment with the State of Israel, and explained that he is no longer supporting its existence. From the essay:
Israel has betrayed Jewish history, joining the ranks of all those nations that construed their Jews as chattel without basic human rights. No longer can we look with contempt, or condescension, on England, France, Spain, Russia, Germany, Poland, et al; Israel is no better. Its government reinforced the notion that Jews have no right to live and prosper in a certain part of the world simply because they are Jews. No longer can we mourn the Germans' destruction of shuls on Kristallnacht or the Jordanians' destruction of every shul in the Old City of Jerusalem after 1948, without including Israel's own destruction of every shul in Gaza—those it took down piecemeal and those it left for destruction at the hands of the Palestinians. The sad fact is that we are no better than our enemies, and often we are worse, because we are doing this to ourselves and our own people.Controversial stuff, of course. This has led to mad speculation as to the identity of the author, who is described as "a powerful, important rabbi in the tri-state area who was a force in the National Religious movement". Steven I. has been covering the speculation here, here, and here.
...The disengagement has therefore ushered in my personal divorce from the State of Israel. It is painful to say but the State Israel no longer reflects my values or aspirations, and no longer is worthy of my political or financial support.
Basically, suspicion has been cast on Rabbi Steven Pruzansky of Teaneck's Bnei Yeshurun Synagogue. But he denies it, though he has apparently been fingered by other bloggers, as detailed at Canonist.
Check the whole mess out.


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Visiting Denham Group safely
Getting there and getting around
The Denham Group National Park is located off the east coast of Cape York Peninsula, adjacent to Jardine River National Park. The park is approximately 700km north-west of Cairns and about 50km south of the tip of the peninsula. Access to the park is by private boat only.
Denham Group National Park consists of Aplin, Milman, Cholmondeley, Wallace, Sinclair and Cairncross islets and Boydong Island.
To protect the important conservation values of this national park, there are restrictions on access to some of the islands.
- To protect significant seabird and turtle nesting sites, access is not permitted to Milman Islet and Aplin Islet . These two islands are designated restricted access areas under the Nature Conservation Act 1992.
- The waters surrounding Aplin and Millman islets are Preservation (Pink) Zone—no access without written permission. See Great Barrier Reef Marine Park zoning information and maps for more information.
- Cholmondeley and Wallace islets are important nesting areas for seabirds. Avoid landing on these islands if seabirds are nesting. Nesting birds are easily alarmed and will leave their nests if disturbed. Eggs and chicks are then vulnerable to heat, cold and predators and can die quickly.
- Sinclair Islet is an important nesting site for hawksbill turtles and seabirds. Going ashore to these islands during the seabird breeding season from 1 September to 31 March should be avoided. Hawksbill turtles nest year round and can also be easily disturbed.
- Cairncross Islets and Boydong Island are important nesting sites for pied imperial-pigeons. Going ashore to these islands during the breeding season from 1 September to 31 March should be avoided.
Staying safe
- Wear sunscreen, a hat, insect repellent, protective clothing and sturdy footwear.
- Ensure you carry plenty of drinking water.
- Be aware of wind, current direction and tides.
- Be aware that crocodiles can turn up anywhere in croc country, including tidal reaches of rivers, along beaches, on offshore islands and cays in the Great Barrier Reef and Torres Strait, and in freshwater lagoons, rivers, and swamps. Crocodiles are dangerous and attacks can be fatal. Remember to be crocwise in croc country.
- Dangerous stinging jellyfish ('stingers') may be present in the coastal waters at any time, but occur more frequently in the warmer months. A full-body lycra suit, or equivalent, may provide a good measure of protection against stinging jellyfish and sunburn. Visit marine stingers for the latest safety and first-aid information.
For more information, please read the guidelines on safety in parks and forests.
Before you visit
Our precious Great Barrier Reef World Heritage islands are among the most pest-free islands in the world. They need your help to stay this way. Please Be pest-free! before your visit.
Essentials to bring
Denham Group is remote and there are no facilities—visitors need to be well prepared.
- Be self-sufficient in food, water and first-aid supplies.
- Bring sunscreen, insect repellent, hat, suitable clothing and sturdy footwear.
- Carry rubbish bags to take your rubbish away with you—bins are not provided.
Opening hours
Denham Group National Park is open 24 hours a day but there are access restrictions to some of the islands. See Getting there and getting around for more information.
Permits and fees
Permits are required for commercial or organised group activities. View permits and fees for further information.
Domestic animals are not permitted in Denham Group National Park or on tidal lands adjacent to the national park within the Great Barrier Reef Coast Marine Park. Tidal areas include beaches, rocks and mangroves.
Climate and weather
Denham Group National Park has a tropical climate. Summer can be very hot, humid and wet with maximum temperatures reaching over 32 °C. From December to April, storms and heavy downpours are common. During the cooler, drier months from May to September the weather is pleasantly warm, with reduced humidity.
Visitors should check weather conditions and obtain updated forecasts before venturing out in recreational vessels. Weather forecasts are available from the Bureau of Meteorology.
Fuel and supplies
There are no facilities on any of the islands in Denham Group National Park. Fuel and supplies are available on the mainland at Bamaga, approximately 70 km north-west of the park.
For more information, see tourism information links.
- There are currently no park alerts for this park.


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You may want to set aside a few shrimps for your dog. This is because shrimps can provide some health benefits to your pet.
Can Dogs Eat Shrimp?
Rich in Nutrients
Aside from being delicious, shrimp is also packed with nutrients such as phosphorus, vitamin B12, anti-oxidants and niacin.
Phosphorus is required for healthy bones, Vitamin B12 improves the dog's gastrointestinal health and metabolic processes, anti-oxidants help reduce brain aging and fight free radicals and niacin or vitamin B3 is important for proper energy production, enzyme function, chemical signals, blood circulation and other processes.
Shrimp is also low in carbohydrates, fat and calories, so it's a good option for dogs on a diet. Just keep in mind that shrimps are also high in cholesterol.
Feed shrimp to your dog occasionally as too many shrimps can cause an unhealthy increase in the cholesterol level of your dog's diet.
Can You Give Raw Shrimp to Your Dog?
You should cook shrimp before giving them to your dog as raw shellfish contains harmful pathogens. Remove the shell as it can be a choking hazard and obstruct your dog's throat.
Steamed shrimp is actually the best option for your dog as breaded or fried shrimp has unnecessary oils and fats that can harm your pet.
How Much Shrimp Should You Give to Your Dog?
Moderation is very important when adding a new treat or food to your dog's diet. Keep in mind that each dog is different and that some may react in a different way to shrimp than others.
Giving one or two shrimps to your dog is usually enough. If you have a small dog, just give him a partial shrimp as a precaution.
In case you want to add shrimp to your pet's diet on a regular basis, you should consult a veterinary nutritionist or veterinarian first. They can give you advice about the right quantity for your dog or any possible health concerns.
If your pet shows symptoms of illness or intestinal discomfort, stop giving him shrimp and your veterinarian if the symptoms worsen.
Can Dogs Eat Tuna?
Tuna is safe for dogs. Moderation should be observed as too much tuna can harm your dog. Eating it in the wrong forms can also become a health hazard. Dogs can eat raw or cooked tuna fish.
If you want to give raw tuna fish to your dog, you should remove all the bones first. Canned tuna should be packed in water, not oil.
This is because oil will add useless calories to your pet's diet that will result in not only obesity, but also inflammation of the dog's pancreas. This problem requires immediate surgery.
Canned tuna with added flavorings like spices should be avoided as much as possible since dogs cannot digest spices well. Don't give your dog tuna that has been made with garlic or onion as these are very dangerous for dogs.
How Much Tuna Should You Give to Your Dog?
Since the mercury levels of tuna are higher than most fish, you should give very small amounts of tuna to your dog on rare occasions.
Since canned tuna contains high levels of sodium, which can be lethal to dogs if eaten in large amounts, you should give tuna to your pet in small amounts and on rare occasions.
You should observe the short-term reactions of your dog after he consumes tuna for the first time to ensure that he can handle consuming tuna without any side effects.
Some dogs show problematic symptoms due to high levels of protein in tuna. Other dogs will become gassy due to the high fat levels present in tuna.
However, this will happen if you give canned tuna that was packed in olive oil to your dog. As mentioned earlier, don't give feed your dog canned tuna that's packed in oil.
Slice the tuna into small pieces and give 1 to 2 pieces to your dog once in a while as a treat or include it in one of their meals.
Related Post: Can Animals Have Down Syndrome?
Benefits of Tuna
Tuna is rich in lean protein, which promotes muscle growth. It's also low in fat, which is a great thing as fat can cause a lot of health problems in dogs.
Tuna is packed with essential vitamins for dogs like vitamins B12, B6 and B3. It also contains essential minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and selenium.
Tuna is rich in healthy Omega-3 fatty acids, which can help reduce inflammations, itchiness, the risk of blood clot and arrhythmia, improve the skin condition of your dog, regulate cholesterol levels and improve cardiovascular health and dog eyesight.
Is Canned Tuna Good for Your Dog?
We covered the benefits and precautions you should take when giving human foods to your pet, but we didn't give delve deeper into the canned variety.
While you can give canned tuna to your dog, it is not really good for them. As such, they are not a good food item for your dog.
Canned tuna will make a delicious treat for your dog, but the ASPCA recommends feeding only a small amount of tuna to your pet. Moderation should always be observed.
Canned tuna contains high levels of mercury and sodium, which should not be present in your dog's diet in large amounts. This is because mercury and sodium are not good for your dog's blood stream and general heart health.
Dogs can process a small amount of these elements, but a sodium buildup will cause hypernatremia. Diarrhea, vomiting, seizures and coma are some of the symptoms of this condition.
Hypernatremia is caused by excess sodium that has accumulated in the body over a long period of time. It won't be caused by one can of tuna.
Can You Give Canned Tuna Juice to Your Dog?
This is one of the most common questions asked by dog owners. Canned tuna can be packed with various accompanying juices. The question is whether your dog can eat this too or not. The answer really depends.
Tuna served in brine or water is fine for dogs to eat, but you have to be careful if the one you have is packed in sunflower oil. If you give your dog too much, it will be hard for them to digest it and they may suffer from stomach upset.
Avoid canned tuna with tomato sauce, spices or other semi-exotic flavorings. Spicy ingredients are not good for dogs as their stomachs are not used to these.
Upset stomach and diarrhea are just some of the consequences of giving spicy foods to your dog. Garlic, onion and tomato flavorings are toxic to dogs, so don't get a canned tuna meal that contains these ingredients.


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So, if your waste hauler won't accept bottles with greater than 10ppm, then what do you do with those bottles that are over 10ppm? -----Original Message----- From: DCHAS-L Discussion List [mailto:DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**list.uvm.edu] On Behalf Of Karen Smith Sent: Monday, September 20, 2010 6:18 PM To: DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**LIST.UVM.EDU Subject: Re: [DCHAS-L] Peroxide Question Our waste handler won't accept bottles over 10ppm peroxide, therefore that's my limit. Karen Smith, CSMM Chemical Hygiene Officer/ Lab Coordiantor Whitman College 345 Boyer Ave. Walla Walla, WA 99362 509 527-5272 On Sep 20, 2010, at 12:10 PM, Johnson, Amy Carr wrote: > Here is a link to the article from which the excerpt below was taken > regarding safe levels of peroxides http://www.bnl.gov/esh/cms/PDF/peroxides.pdf > > > > "Kelly (7) reviewed the literature to determine the minimum > hazardous concentration of peroxides in solution > with organic solvents. Peroxide concentration of 100 ppm has been > widely used as a control point, but lacks > scientific justification and is probably based on the practical > detection limit of the potassium iodide method. Kelly > reported great disparity (range 50-10,000 ppm as hydrogen peroxide) > between various references. There was little > agreement between authors and none provided supporting data. The > highest level (10,000 ppm) was found in a > National Safety Council publication (16). However, the NSC > publication included no supporting references for the > latter statement or the NSC recommendation for administrative > control value of 100 ppm. > The Material Safety Data Sheet for diethyl ether cautions against > concentrating ether containing peroxide level > above 100 ppm (10). Presumably, instability and hazard increase with > concentration such that at some point, the > solution spontaneously explodes. Kelly suggested that it is likely > that the control concentration of 100ppm, in some > cases may be overly conservative by at least an order of magnitude. > This may apply to the chemicals listed in Table > 1-B unless the unstable materials are concentrated as result of > solvent evaporation (7). > Kelly (7) stated that "theoretically, explosion should be impossible > for most solutions of <1% peroxides." > However, to rationally establish a safe/hazard concentration is > complicated by a number of factors. For example, > some of the liquid may remain on the threads and cap when > peroxidized liquids are dispensed from glass containers > with screw-caps or with ground-glass stoppers. As the solvent > evaporates, the peroxide can be concentrated to > dangerous levels within in the threads of the cap. Thus, a volatile > solvent containing relatively low peroxide > contamination could explode because of peroxide concentration at the > cap (3, 7). Dilute solutions of most > peroxidizable chemicals or solutions in solvents with low volatility > (B.P. > 300 o C or V.P. <0.1 mm Hg at 20 o C) > usually do not pose a peroxide hazard and are not likely to > concentrate. Thus, it is usually unnecessary to treat such > solutions as peroxide hazards (3, 5). > Some of the peroxidation products of the chemicals in Group A (Table > 1) are less structurally stabile than those > in Group B. Thus even peroxide concentrations of less than 100 ppm > should be considered very hazardous. > Unstabilized isopropyl ether can readily form highly unstable > peroxides. Even low small concentrations produced > through solvent evaporation are very dangerous and may explode on > shaking (33). The temperature and > concentration at which explosion of peroxides of isopropyl ether > becomes probable has never been authoritatively > stated (20)." > > Hope this helps- > From: DCHAS-L Discussion List [mailto:DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**list.uvm.edu] On > Behalf Of Bill Galdenzi > Sent: Friday, September 17, 2010 9:17 AM > To: DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**LIST.UVM.EDU > Subject: [DCHAS-L] Peroxide Question > > All, > > I have a question: What concentration of peroxide do you folks use > for your "acceptable" level? What is the basis for this level? > > Thanks for your help. > > Bill Galdenzi > Environmental, Health, and Safety > Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharamceuticals > (203) 778-7759 > bill.galdenzi**At_Symbol_Here**boehringer-ingelheim.com >
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So, here we are: in varying degrees of social isolation. You'd think it would be an introvert's dream: as it turns out, you tell this introvert she can't see anyone in person, and all she wants to do is…see everyone, every day. Check in on people. See how they're managing. TALK.
I think about all the play dates and get-togethers I postponed because we had too much going on – remember when we had "too much going on"? Anyone says the word "activities" to me and it's like I'm remembering some distant past life, when in fact exactly one month ago me and 20 other moms were hosting a chili cook-off at my kid's old school. All of us, together, slinging chili and laughing and not realizing how good we had it.
The same goes for this space, maybe: we all wrote to each other for years and years, got married, had kids, had more kids, switched jobs, switched cities, built houses, and talked about all of it. Talked through it. and with a few exceptions, we never were in the same room (same country, same state) as each other. And it worked.
Maybe it still works: I don't know. I'm a poster child for inconsistent communication skills: I know some of you are like "that girl can't even reply to an email" – you're right. I'm the worst.
Or I was: I'm working on reopening this space in the hopes that you're all still out there. I'll be honest: at some point – we'll say around 2016 – life started to feel really intense, and I struggled talking about food here b/c it seemed like there were massively more critical things happening all around. I felt like an idiot pushing my homemade cookies and ingredient-laden salads when the world felt like it was skidding to a halt. My focus on maybe the more enjoyable, optional parts of my life got diluted; it felt like a luxury i shouldn't indulge, I guess? It's hard to figure out how to put that. The world felt sucky, and my food ramblings felt trivial by comparison. As a person who has always felt pretty burdened to make a difference, small or big, I didn't feel like i was doing that.
But maybe I was making a teeny difference. Or maybe I could, just by being here. I underestimated the power of friendship and connection and the impact it has on the world, even in a small way. How talking to each other matters. After all, you all still matter to me: my poor communication skills notwithstanding, i still think about every single one of you more than you'd imagine.
So here's what: I have no idea what this blog is going to look like, but it's going to look like something. If you're here, yay! You're more dedicated than I've been to this space, but I'm hoping that changes. On the agenda:
Streamlining – Blogging seems to be all about social media now: it wasn't like that 7 years ago when I started. If it had been that heavily reliant on constant content-pushing, i doubt i would have ever started. I can not stand social media anymore; you'd think I was allergic to it. Because of that, I may just rid myself of my Facebook page for this space and continue on with Instagram and Twitter. I haven't shut it down yet, but at this point, it's an albatross I'd do better without.
Posting – Re-starting a food blog during a time of crisis seems really…hard? So we'll navigate that one together. I can say this: I have learned a lot about myself and my ability to crisis-navigate with food and other supplies, and i am GOOD, people. So maybe for awhile I just share what I'm doing at my house to keep semi-interesting meals on the table and ingredients from spoiling. So TBD on what i'll post, but i'll be here talking about food in a round-about way. Maybe we talk about TV or movies or books too…who knows.
People-ing – Expect emails, friends: I'm going to try to touch base with as many of you as I can. My work email has always been out there, but because of that, i get a FLOOD of nonsense "business" emails that drown out emails from people i like, and I can't wade through them at this point. So! New email address for here is email@example.com. Friends, change your contact info for me, because I'd hate to miss something. Please forgive/forget how crap I was at replying/keeping up and email me, if i don't get to you first: i'd love to know how everyone is doing. If you're going to tell me about how i can improve my online presence, bots, stay away: anyone that truly knows me knows I would never want to do that. Also, I'm going to do my level best to catch up on those of you that are still blogging: I've been absent completely from that, so be patient.
Current status: typing this. I have a loaf of bread proofing – it's this one from King Arthur Flour, because I'm lazy and didn't feel like kneading today. I halved it, because 7 1/2 cups of flour felt big. Also in the midst of creating a sourdough starter: i can't think of a better time to do that, as i stocked up on all the yeast / flour / oil / salt at the store and committed myself to keeping my family in all manner of bread styles for the immediate future.
Because everything happened really fast with layers of stocking up / preparing for social distancing and limited store trips, I still had some vegetables left over from a photo shoot. Before they went south, I used a recipe I developed years ago for pickling them: maybe it's helpful your own vegetables. It's a carrot and onion pickle to be used as anything, really: i developed it as a crunchy vegetable bite for tacos, but you could use them on sandwiches, or in salads. Whatever they're in, they really amp up flavor and give you that hit of sour that I think everything needs. I had them on my turkey and cheese lunch sandwich today, as a matter of fact, and it added some welcome pep and just the right amount of texture.
Here's the recipe! Before you ask, yes; you can substitute. Must-haves? vinegar, water, salt, sugar, carrots, onlons: it would work just like that. I have cumin seeds in there, but coriander is nice also. Garlic is great, and if you have fresh hot chile of any sort, use it (bearing in mind its relative heat as compared to a Fresno.) No chile? A dash or two of chile flakes will do. No peppercorns? You'll be fine without. If you don't have that much apple cider vinegar, sub in plain white vinegar, or mix the two together.
Pickled Vegetables
Remember: you don't have to go running out for any of this. You have carrots and onions you need to save? THIS. Tell your eyes to head up a paragraph for some substitutions if you're missing one of these ingredients, or ask me! I'll *whoa* actually be mindful of comments coming in.
- 2 cups cold water
- 2 cups apple cider vinegar
- 1⁄3 cup granulated sugar
- 2 Tbsp kosher salt
- 1 lb carrots, sliced into long matchsticks
- 1¼ cups paper-thin ring slices of red onion
- 2 32-oz wide-mouth glass canning jars
- 4 cloves garlic, divided
- 2 Fresno chiles, finely diced divided
- 2 tsp toasted and cooled whole cumin seeds, divided
- 2 tsp whole black peppercorns, divided
| Preparation – Pickled Vegetables | In a large saucepan over medium-high heat, add water, vinegar, sugar and salt, stirring until solids are dissolved and mixture comes to a boil. Remove from heat, add carrots and onion, cover and place back on high heat until mixture comes to a boil once again. Remove from heat, keep covered and allow to sit for 15 to 20 minutes.
In 2 32-oz widemouth canning jars, equally divide garlic cloves, chiles, cumin seeds and peppercorns. Using tongs, carefully divide hot vegetables between jars. Evenly divide pickling liquid over vegetables and allow to sit at room temperature, uncovered, until completely cool. Secure lids and transfer to refrigerator.


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In workplaces in New Jersey and across the United States, sexual harassment and the behavior involved is often misunderstood. There may be a perception that these behaviors are limited to men harassing women. However, that is a commonly mistaken belief. Sexual harassment can occur involving people of any gender.
Understanding the facts about different types of sexual harassment is important to recognize when it is happening and to take steps to put a stop to it. If it is quid pro quo, a person in a position of authority makes sexual advances and implies they must be accepted or face work-related consequences. For a hostile environment, the worker will be intimidated or be offended due to a co-worker's actions. These can involve comments or sex-based acts such as bullying, saying lewd things, showing inappropriate pictures, sexting and more.
- 33% of women age 18 to 34 have been harassed on the job
- 81% of these women were verbally harassed
- 44% were touched and faced sexual advances
- One-quarter received offensive emails and text messages
- Three-quarters of the women were harassed by males
- 10% were harassed by females
Troublingly, 71% of women said they did not report the harassment. Of the 29% who reported it, 15% thought it was handled properly. When confronted with sexual harassment in any form, it can negatively impact a person's employment in myriad ways. It can cost them the job, interfere with career advancement, deny them wages and benefits and cause other challenges. Discussing a case with a legal firm with experience in sexual harassment and employment law can provide information on how to proceed with a claim to be compensated.


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Looking for Karaoke? We offer it ONLY when added onto a DJ package. Check our availability using the date checker to the right, and we'll give you a quote!
Our Karaoke system adds a book of over 10 thousand Karaoke songs, an LCD screen and 2 Microphones, 1 Wired Mic and 1 Wireless Mic.
This is an additional $75 to any package.
Our Premier system adds the above, plus an 8×8 Projection Screen and Projector.
This is an additional $200 to any package.


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Recommended Books:
Helpful Camping Books
I try my best to offer helpful tips on this website and share my camping experiences. At times I will recommend books or products that will help to make your camping experience better. Here are a few books that I recommend. Visit the disclosures page for more details on product links.
Recommended Books:
Staying at the cabin at Dos Picos Park was really nice. I have tent camped in the rain before but it was awesome to leave the tent at home and stay in the warm cabin while the rain tapped on the roof. The cabin at Dos Picos is nice, clean, and roomy. It has heat, plenty of electrical outlets, and a real working toilet! The only thing that would make it better is if it had a kitchenette and a shower. However escaping the tent for one day and enjoying the cabin was enough. Read more about Dos Picos Park here.
Want to buy me a beer?
Highly recommended
books, and products.
July 2017
Text and photography copyright 2011 by Brian S White, all rights reserved.


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H10 Palazzo Canova
- Breakfast Included
Rialto Bridge
Our 4-Star classification designates those properties with well-appointed, deluxe accommodations, extensive amenities and comprehensive guest services. Expect attention to detail and a warm and hospitable staff ready to cater to your needs. These superb properties offer a truly refined getaway.
Located in the heart of Venice on the Grand Canal, the new H10 Palazzo Canova features an interior design which pays homage to the city of Venice and combines contemporary elements with traditional materials. The thoughtful location allows guest to admire the majestic buildings, palazzos and terraces that line the Grand Canal. This new hotel offers elegant and comfortable guest rooms with exceptional amenities. Enjoy the restaurant for breakfast and the terrace with a bar on the high floors that feature spectacular views of the famed Grand Canal.
San Polo - Via Riva Del Vin 74
Venice, IT, ITA 30125
Located Approximately 8 miles from the Venice Marco Polo international airport
Hotel Amenities
- Bellman Service
- Breakfast Included
- Free In-Room Wi-Fi
- Honeymoon Amenity
- Pre/Post Cruise Hotel
Room Amenities
- Bathrobe
- Bathroom Amenities
- Cable/Satellite TV
- Climate Control
- Coffee/Tea Maker
- Electrical Adapters Available
- Flat Screen Television
- Hairdryer
- In Room Safe
- Mini-Bar
- Slippers
- USB Recharge Station
Hotel Dining
Restaurant for breakfast- offering a varied breakfast buffet with high-quality products and a selection of freshly prepared hot dishes à la carte; Terrace Bar- an elegant bar located on the top floor of the hotel. Features two different areas, one covered and the other open with impressive views of the Grand Canal and the Rialto Bridge.
Nearby Attractions
Rialto Bridge; St Mark's Square and Saint Mark's Basilica; La Fenice opera house; Peggy Guggenheim Collection; Ponte dell'Accademia and Gallerie dell'Accademia; Basilica di Santa Maria dei Frari
Need Help?
Call us toll free at 1-800-742-9244


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Tell us about your roles in the creation of this work.
As Group Creative Director I helped lead the creative development of this specific campaign and all of its elements, and also came up with the character of the flightless penguin, Percy and his family, for the CIBC Aventura travel card brand. In this iteration of the long-running campaign, we were tasked with bringing CIBC Aventura's free Travel Assistant service to life.
Give us an overview of the campaign, what is it about?
Planning a trip is usually an enjoyable part of travelling. However, the sheer amount of research needed to plan a trip that takes you off the beaten path can be overwhelming, especially if you lead a busy life. Enter the CIBC Aventura Travel Assistant. Not only can they book flights for you, they can also offer advice and suggestions in order to curate the perfect trip for you. To bring this to life, we brought the Assistant to life in film as they led our penguin family through Morocco. With his help, they're able to explore unique locations and enjoy once-in-a-lifetime experiences. The secondary tactics like social and digital reinforced the card's overall offerings like complimentary lounge visits, a Nexus fee rebate, and mobile device insurance.
Tell us about the creative brief, what did it ask?
Essentially, the brief asked us to build on the success of the 2018 repositioning of CIBC Aventura as The Traveller's Travel Card and promote one of its most differentiating card benefits: the complimentary CIBC Aventura Travel Assistant. While other cards had versions of Travel Assistants, Aventura offered the service to every level of cardholder.
Which insight led to the creation of this piece of work?
A commonly held perception is that tourists care more about showing off the places they visit to others rather than actually experiencing them. On the flip side, those who believe themselves to be "travellers" want to blaze new trails and experience a much deeper connection with a destination. What differentiates a tourist from a traveller is not the destination, but their attitude towards that same experience. We wanted to capture that feeling and showcase how the CIBC Aventura Travel Assistant can help you make it a reality, quickly and easily.
Can you share with us any alternative ideas (if any) for this campaign? Why was this idea chosen?
The way you interact with a Travel Assistant is always over the phone. In last year's campaign, we had a phone call between Percy and the Assistant play as the soundtrack to the spot as images of the family enjoying the very same trip they are planning, played. This year, we wanted to put a face to the Assistant and make the service feel more real and tangible. Having them actually act a "magical" guide on their trip felt like a nice evolution.
How did the client initially react to this idea?
The client quickly saw the benefits of having their Travel Assistant take a more prominent role in planning the trip, as well as displaying their vast knowledge of various destinations.
What was the greatest challenge that you and your team faced during development?
The amount of hours spent driving from location to location! From Marrakesh to Ait Benhaddou to the Sahara Desert, we travelled all across Morocco. Our biggest concern was how well the animatronic penguin puppets would take to these rugged landscapes. Luckily, our partners at Legacy Effects created puppets that could easily handle the sand and heat of the desert, and nail their lines on every take!
What did you enjoy most about seeing this campaign through? Did you learn anything new from the experience?
We were pleasantly surprised at how natural it was to see the penguins interacting with a real person, which we hadn't done to this degree in the past. In a strange way, it made them more human. Suddenly, you forgot about their "otherness" and they just became "people." They still can't hold a mug, however.
Where do you see this campaign going in the future?
The Traveller's Travel Card platform can go anywhere, literally! The penguins as a stand-in for the consumer who feels grounded by their travel card, with their restrictions and systems that make collecting points almost worthless, will always ring true.
If you could go anywhere right now, where would you go? Why and have you been there before?
Personally, I would love to explore as much of Japan as possible. I might be speaking out of terms as I've never been there, but I have this feeling that it would be so culturally different from what I'm used to. I think I would truly feel like a foreigner there, like visiting another world entirely. And seeing how they're such well-seasoned travelers, I'd even take the penguins with me.


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"And behold, a certain lawyer stood up and tested Him, saying, "Teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?" He said to him, "What is written in the law? What is your reading of it?" Luke 10.25-26
The interpreter's interpretation was perfect. This is why the Lord Jesus answered:
"You have answered rightly; do this and you will live? Luke 10.28
We must remember that it's one thing to know, but it's another to do.
The difference is in doing, practicing and obeying.
There are three groups of people:
– Those who interpret the Word the wrong way:
Nicodemus did not understand when the Lord Jesus said that to see the Kingdom of God it was necessary to be born again.
– Those who interpret correctly, but do not obey:
The rich young man understood that to inherit eternal life he would have to give up everything he owned and conquer the treasure in Heaven. He understood, but did not obey, and went away sorrowful.
– And those who, in addition to interpreting correctly, also obey:
Zacchaeus decided to give half of his goods to the poor and restore fourfold to anyone he cheated.
He was a thief who heard the Word, interpreted it correctly and obeyed. At that exact moment there was salvation.
These are the very few who will live!


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Appearance of the Holy Cross
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It's the Commemoration of the Precious Cross that appeared in the sky over Jerusalem in 351 A.D.
On this day in the year 351, not long after Cyril had succeeded Maximus as Archbishop of Jerusalem, during the reign of Constantius, the son of Saint Constantine the Great, on the day of Pentecost, the sign of the Cross appeared over Jerusalem. Saint Cyril, in his letter to the Emperor Constantius, says, "At about the third hour of the day, an enormous Cross, formed of light, appeared in the heaven above holy Golgotha and reaching to the holy Mount of Olives, being seen not by one or two only, but manifest with perfect clarity to the whole multitude of the city; not, as one might suppose, rushing swiftly past in fancy, but seen openly above the earth many hours in plain sight, and overcoming the beams of the sun with its dazzling rays" (PG 33:1 16q).
This letter of Saint Cyril was translated into Armenian and is read during the commemoration ceremony of the Precious Cross.
Religious Tour 6 Days from 326 EUR
Duration-6 days, 5 nights|April 23rd–28th April|Excursion, Cultural, Religious| Meal Plan-BB, Farewell Dinner|
Day 1. April 23.Arrival in Yerevan.
Transfer to hotel. Welcome dinner at an Armenian traditional restaurant (overnight in Yerevan).
Day 2. April 24. Yerevan- Etchmiadzin– Mother Cathedral (liturgy, museum)-Zvartnots-Yerevan
After breakfast drive to the holy city of Etchmiadzin, also called Vagharshapat that is an open air museum under the protection of the UNESCO. The city is home to the Mother Cathedral of Etchmiadzin that is considered to be the oldest cathedral in the world. On this day the Armenian Apostolic Church holds the ceremony of the Commemoration of the Precious Cross that appeared in the sky over Jerusalem in 351 A.D. and the Mother Cathedral serves its regular liturgy to its visitors. After liturgy we will visit the Cathedral Museumhouses numerous cool paintings, souvenirs, religious artifacts, and illuminated manuscripts, including the lance ("Geghard") which is said to have pierced Christ's side.
Walk from the Etchmiadzin Cathedral the Church of Saint Gayaneh (7th century) with its design mostly unchanged except partial renovations of the dome and ceiling. The church is built on the place where Saint Gayaneh was martyred during the time of the conversion of Armenia to Christianity in 301. Continue the tour to the Saint Ripsimeh Church (7th century)one of the nuns fleeing Rome to find a safe place for Christians in Armenia.
Drive to the Zvartnots Cathedral erected in the 7th century near Etchmiadzin. Zvartnot's architecture impresses with its extraordinary artistic splendor. It has distinctive differences in size, layout and arrangement as compared with the traditional architecture of the Armenian churches. It was built in the place where Trdates the Great and Gregory the Illuminator (first Catholicos of all the Armenians) first met after Gregory was set free after 13 years of imprisonment. Drive back to hotel (overnight in Yerevan).
Day 3. April 25. Yerevan - Geghard-Garni- Sevanavank - Yerevan
Breakfast at the hotel and drive to theKotayk Province tovisitthe UNESCO site Geghard Monastery Complex(10th-13th centuries)also called Cave Monastery as it is half carved in the rock. Initially as a pagan site the Monastery had a natural spring rising from rocks over centuries. It was called Geghard (spear) after the spear with which Jesus Christ was wounded by the Roman soldier that was kept in the monastery for a long period of time. The Armenian Religious Choirs will perform spiritual songs in the second floor of the church where the acoustics of the hall make an incredible sounding of the sweet voices and the melody.
Drive to the Garni Villagein Kotayk Region, where the same name, Garni Pagan Temple (77 AD) is located. Dedicated to the God of Sun, Mitra, Garni Temple is a vivid symbol of pre-Christian Armenia, the only surviving one in the territory of CIS. As the summer residence of the royal family, the construction escaped the mass destruction of the pagan temples. The location has one of the oldest Armenian fortresses (3-2 centuries BC) that was reconstructed in the 1st century AD covering other complexes like 3rd century roman baths, royal summer palace, and the seventh century church of Sion.
Continue the tour to the SevanLake ,one of the highest sweet water lakes in the world, where on the former island nowadays peninsula, the monastery of Sevanavank (9th century) is situated. Once as considered only for monks it has still an active seminary living on the peninsula. Drive back to the hotel (overnight in Yerevan).
Day 4. April 26. Yerevan City tour
After Breakfast start the city tour in Yerevan which is situated in the Ararat Valley, with most of the buildings having a view to the majestic Mount Ararat. As one of the oldested inhabited cities in the world and founded in 782 BC (Yerevan is 24 years older than Rome) Yerevan is home to museums covering items of world heritage. VisitSaint Katoghike Church (13th century), the oldest in Yerevan. Later in the 1th century the large basilica of the Holy Mother of God was built, which was demolished by the Soviet rule in 1936. Continue the tour to Yerevan History Museum located next to the Yerevan City Hall. The collection covers local material and spiritual culture from ancient times to the present day that is a vivid story of the past and the present of the capital and its people. Visit Matenadaran - Museum and Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, one of the richest depositories of books and ancient manuscripts in the world. Dinner at a local restaurant and evening walk to the Cascade Cultural Complex and the Freedom Square. Transfer to hotel (overnight in Yerevan).
Day 5. April 27. Yerevan - KhorVirap – Noravank-Areni – Yerevan
Breakfast at the hotel after which we start our tour to the Region of Ararat to visit the KhorVirap (4th-18th centuries),meaning deep dungeon, which is significant for Armenian Pilgrims as a sight were the first Catholicos of the Armenians spent 13 yearsin torture . It's the closest spot from where you can admire the majestic view of the Ararat Mount. Continue the tour to the picturesque province of VayotsDzor where you will visit NoravankMonastery (10th-14th centuries), the pearl of Armenian medieval architecture. To enjoy the spirit of antiquity we will have a stop at the Chalcolithic cave of Areni where a six thousand-year-old winery has been found. On our way back to Yerevan we will visit a local Areni wine factory to get aquatintedwith the wine making techniques of the locals and to taste wine and vodka made with juice of different fruits. Dinner and transfer to hotel (overnight in Yerevan).
Day 6. April 28.Breakfast. Check-out, transfer to the airport, departure.
Tour package includes: All transfers by program Tour package does not include: Air ticket
Comfortable mini-bus/bus with climate-control system
Professional friendly driver
High-qualified guide-interpreter in the preferred language
Accommodation in 3* hotel in DBL/TWIN room
5 Breakfasts, Farewell dinner
Entrance fees
24-hours tourist support
Visa for entry
Alcoholic drinks
Expenses of personal nature
Tour package includes:
All transfers by program
Tour package does not include:
Air ticket


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Part IV: Corrections
The following case has been heavily edited and abridged. The idea is to make it more readable. As such, it should not be relied upon as binding authority.
We granted certiorari in this case to determine whether the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment requires that a State afford an individual some opportunity to be heard prior to revoking his parole.
Petitioner Morrissey was convicted of false drawing or uttering of checks in 1967 pursuant to his guilty plea, and was sentenced to not more than seven years' confinement. He was paroled from the Iowa State Penitentiary in June 1968. Seven months later, at the direction of his parole officer, he was arrested in his home town as a parole violator and incarcerated in the county jail. One week later, after review of the parole officer's written report, the Iowa Board of Parole revoked Morrissey's parole, and he was returned to the penitentiary located about 100 miles from his home. Petitioner asserts he received no hearing prior to revocation of his parole.
The parole officer's report on which the Board of Parole acted shows that petitioner's parole was revoked on the basis of information that he had violated the conditions of parole by buying a car under an assumed name and operating it without permission, giving false statements to police concerning his address and insurance company after a minor accident, obtaining credit under an assumed name, and failing to report his place of residence to his parole officer. The report states that the officer interviewed Morrissey, and that he could not explain why he did not contact his parole officer despite his effort to excuse this on the ground that he had been sick. Further, the report asserts that Morrissey admitted buying the car and obtaining credit under an assumed name, and also admitted being involved in the accident. The parole officer recommended that his parole be revoked because of "his continual violating of his parole rules."
The situation as to petitioner Booher is much the same. Pursuant to his guilty plea, Booher was convicted of forgery in 1966 and sentenced to a maximum term of 10 years. He was paroled November 14, 1968. In August 1969, at his parole officer's direction, he was arrested in his home town for a violation of his parole and confined in the county jail several miles away. On September 13, 1969, on the basis of a written report by his parole officer, the Iowa Board of Parole revoked Booher's parole and Booher was recommitted to the state penitentiary, located about 250 miles from his home, to complete service of his sentence. Petitioner asserts he received no hearing prior to revocation of his parole.
The parole officer's report with respect to Booher recommended that his parole be revoked because he had violated the territorial restrictions of his parole without consent, had obtained a driver's license under an assumed name, operated a motor vehicle without permission, and had violated the employment condition of his parole by failing to keep himself in gainful employment. The report stated that the officer had interviewed Booher and that he had acknowledged to the parole officer that he had left the specified territorial limits and had operated the car and had obtained a license under an assumed name "knowing that it was wrong." The report further noted that Booher had stated that he had not found employment because he could not find work that would pay him what he wanted—he stated he would not work for $ 2.25 to $ 2.75 per hour—and that he had left the area to get work in another city.
After exhausting state remedies, both petitioners filed habeas corpus petitions in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Iowa alleging that they had been denied due process because their paroles had been revoked without a hearing. The State responded by arguing that no hearing was required. The District Court held on the basis of controlling authority that the State's failure to accord a hearing prior to parole revocation did not violate due process. On appeal, the two cases were consolidated.
The Court of Appeals, dividing 4 to 3, held that due process does not require a hearing. The majority recognized that the traditional view of parole as a privilege rather than a vested right is no longer dispositive as to whether due process is applicable; however, on a balancing of the competing interests involved, it concluded that no hearing is required. The court reasoned that parole is only "a correctional device authorizing service of sentence outside the penitentiary"; the parolee is still "in custody." Accordingly, the Court of Appeals was of the view that prison officials must have large discretion in making revocation determinations, and that courts should retain their traditional reluctance to interfere with disciplinary matters properly under the control of state prison authorities.
The majority expressed the view that "non-legal, non-adversary considerations" were often the determinative factors in making a parole revocation decision. It expressed concern that if adversary hearings were required for parole revocation, "with the full panoply of rights accorded in criminal proceedings," the function of the parole board as "an administrative body acting in the role of parens patriae would be aborted," and the board would be more reluctant to grant parole in the first instance—an apprehension that would not be without some basis if the choice were between a full-scale adversary proceeding or no hearing at all. Additionally, the majority reasoned that the parolee has no statutory right to remain on parole. Iowa law provides that a parolee may be returned to the institution at any time. Our holding in Mempa v. Rhay (1967), was distinguished on the ground that it involved deferred sentencing upon probation revocation, and thus involved a stage of the criminal proceeding, whereas parole revocation was not a stage in the criminal proceeding. The Court of Appeals' decision was consistent with many other decisions on parole revocations.
In their brief in this Court, respondents assert for the first time that petitioners were in fact granted hearings after they were returned to the penitentiary. More generally, respondents say that within two months after the Board revokes an individual's parole and orders him returned to the penitentiary, on the basis of the parole officer's written report it grants the individual a hearing before the Board. At that time, the Board goes over "each of the alleged parole violations with the returnee, and he is given an opportunity to orally present his side of the story to the Board." If the returnee denies the report, it is the practice of the Board to conduct a further investigation before making a final determination either affirming the initial revocation, modifying it, or reversing it. Respondents assert that Morrissey, whose parole was revoked on January 31, 1969, was granted a hearing before the Board on February 12, 1969. Booher's parole was revoked on September 13, 1969, and he was granted a hearing on October 14, 1969. At these hearings, respondents tell us—in the briefs—both Morrissey and Booher admitted the violations alleged in the parole violation reports.
Nothing in the record supplied to this Court indicates that respondent claimed, either in the District Court or the Court of Appeals, that petitioners had received hearings promptly after their paroles were revoked, or that in such hearing they admitted the violations; that information comes to us only in the respondents' brief here. Further, even the assertions that respondents make here are not based on any public record but on interviews with two of the members of the parole board. In the interview relied on to show that petitioners admitted their violations, the board member did not assert he could remember that both Morrissey and Booher admitted the parole violations with which they were charged. He stated only that, according to his memory, in the previous several years all but three returnees had admitted commission of the parole infractions alleged and that neither of the petitioners was among the three who denied them.
We must therefore treat this case in the posture and on the record respondents elected to rely on in the District Court and the Court of Appeals. If the facts are otherwise, respondents may make a showing in the District Court that petitioners in fact have admitted the violations charged before a neutral officer.
Before reaching the issue of whether due process applies to the parole system, it is important to recall the function of parole in the correctional process.
During the past 60 years, the practice of releasing prisoners on parole before the end of their sentences has become an integral part of the penological system. Rather than being an ad hoc exercise of clemency, parole is an established variation on imprisonment of convicted criminals. Its purpose is to help individuals reintegrate into society as constructive individuals as soon as they are able, without being confined for the full term of the sentence imposed. It also serves to alleviate the costs to society of keeping an individual in prison. The essence of parole is release from prison, before the completion of sentence, on the condition that the prisoner abide by certain rules during the balance of the sentence. Under some systems, parole is granted automatically after the service of a certain portion of a prison term. Under others, parole is granted by the discretionary action of a board, which evaluates an array of information about a prisoner and makes a prediction whether he is ready to reintegrate into society.
To accomplish the purpose of parole, those who are allowed to leave prison early are subjected to specified conditions for the duration of their terms. These conditions restrict their activities substantially beyond the ordinary restrictions imposed by law on an individual citizen. Typically, parolees are forbidden to use liquor or to have associations or correspondence with certain categories of undesirable persons. Typically, also they must seek permission from their parole officers before engaging in specified activities, such as changing employment or living quarters, marrying, acquiring or operating a motor vehicle, traveling outside the community, and incurring substantial indebtedness. Additionally, parolees must regularly report to the parole officer to whom they are assigned and sometimes they must make periodic written reports of their activities.
The parole officers are part of the administrative system designed to assist parolees and to offer them guidance. The conditions of parole serve a dual purpose; they prohibit, either absolutely or conditionally, behavior that is deemed dangerous to the restoration of the individual into normal society. And through the requirement of reporting to the parole officer and seeking guidance and permission before doing many things, the officer is provided with information about the parolee and an opportunity to advise him. The combination puts the parole officer into the position in which he can try to guide the parolee into constructive development.
The enforcement leverage that supports the parole conditions derives from the authority to return the parolee to prison to serve out the balance of his sentence if he fails to abide by the rules. In practice, not every violation of parole conditions automatically leads to revocation. Typically, a parolee will be counseled to abide by the conditions of parole, and the parole officer ordinarily does not take steps to have parole revoked unless he thinks that the violations are serious and continuing so as to indicate that the parolee is not adjusting properly and cannot be counted on to avoid antisocial activity. The broad discretion accorded the parole officer is also inherent in some of the quite vague conditions, such as the typical requirement that the parolee avoid "undesirable" associations or correspondence. Yet revocation of parole is not an unusual phenomenon, affecting only a few parolees. It has been estimated that 35%-45% of all parolees are subjected to revocation and return to prison. Sometimes revocation occurs when the parolee is accused of another crime; it is often preferred to a new prosecution because of the procedural ease of recommitting the individual on the basis of a lesser showing by the State.
Implicit in the system's concern with parole violations is the notion that the parolee is entitled to retain his liberty as long as he substantially abides by the conditions of his parole. The first step in a revocation decision thus involves a wholly retrospective factual question: whether the parolee has in fact acted in violation of one or more conditions of his parole. Only if it is determined that the parolee did violate the conditions does the second question arise: should the parolee be recommitted to prison or should other steps be taken to protect society and improve chances of rehabilitation? The first step is relatively simple; the second is more complex. The second question involves the application of expertise by the parole authority in making a prediction as to the ability of the individual to live in society without committing antisocial acts. This part of the decision, too, depends on facts, and therefore it is important for the board to know not only that some violation was committed but also to know accurately how many and how serious the violations were. Yet this second step, deciding what to do about the violation once it is identified, is not purely factual but also predictive and discretionary.
If a parolee is returned to prison, he usually receives no credit for the time "served" on parole. Thus, the returnee may face a potential of substantial imprisonment.
We begin with the proposition that the revocation of parole is not part of a criminal prosecution and thus the full panoply of rights due a defendant in such a proceeding does not apply to parole revocations. Parole arises after the end of the criminal prosecution, including imposition of sentence. Supervision is not directly by the court but by an administrative agency, which is sometimes an arm of the court and sometimes of the executive. Revocation deprives an individual, not of the absolute liberty to which every citizen is entitled, but only of the conditional liberty properly dependent on observance of special parole restrictions.
We turn, therefore, to the question whether the requirements of due process in general apply to parole revocations. As MR. JUSTICE BLACKMUN has written recently, "this Court now has rejected the concept that constitutional rights turn upon whether a governmental benefit is characterized as a 'right' or as a 'privilege.'" Whether any procedural protections are due depends on the extent to which an individual will be "condemned to suffer grievous loss." The question is not merely the "weight" of the individual's interest, but whether the nature of the interest is one within the contemplation of the "liberty or property" language of the Fourteenth Amendment. Once it is determined that due process applies, the question remains what process is due. It has been said so often by this Court and others as not to require citation of authority that due process is flexible and calls for such procedural protections as the particular situation demands. "Consideration of what procedures due process may require under any given set of circumstances must begin with a determination of the precise nature of the government function involved as well as of the private interest that has been affected by governmental action." To say that the concept of due process is flexible does not mean that judges are at large to apply it to any and all relationships. Its flexibility is in its scope once it has been determined that some process is due; it is a recognition that not all situations calling for procedural safeguards call for the same kind of procedure.
We turn to an examination of the nature of the interest of the parolee in his continued liberty. The liberty of a parolee enables him to do a wide range of things open to persons who have never been convicted of any crime. The parolee has been released from prison based on an evaluation that he shows reasonable promise of being able to return to society and function as a responsible, self-reliant person. Subject to the conditions of his parole, he can be gainfully employed and is free to be with family and friends and to form the other enduring attachments of normal life. Though the State properly subjects him to many restrictions not applicable to other citizens, his condition is very different from that of confinement in a prison. He may have been on parole for a number of years and may be living a relatively normal life at the time he is faced with revocation. The parolee has relied on at least an implicit promise that parole will be revoked only if he fails to live up to the parole conditions. In many cases, the parolee faces lengthy incarceration if his parole is revoked.
We see, therefore, that the liberty of a parolee, although indeterminate, includes many of the core values of unqualified liberty and its termination inflicts a "grievous loss" on the parolee and often on others. It is hardly useful any longer to try to deal with this problem in terms of whether the parolee's liberty is a "right" or a "privilege." By whatever name, the liberty is valuable and must be seen as within the protection of the Fourteenth Amendment. Its termination calls for some orderly process, however informal.
Turning to the question what process is due, we find that the State's interests are several. The State has found the parolee guilty of a crime against the people. That finding justifies imposing extensive restrictions on the individual's liberty. Release of the parolee before the end of his prison sentence is made with the recognition that with many prisoners there is a risk that they will not be able to live in society without committing additional antisocial acts. Given the previous conviction and the proper imposition of conditions, the State has an overwhelming interest in being able to return the individual to imprisonment without the burden of a new adversary criminal trial if in fact he has failed to abide by the conditions of his parole.
Yet, the State has no interest in revoking parole without some informal procedural guarantees. Although the parolee is often formally described as being "in custody," the argument cannot even be made here that summary treatment is necessary as it may be with respect to controlling a large group of potentially disruptive prisoners in actual custody. Nor are we persuaded by the argument that revocation is so totally a discretionary matter that some form of hearing would be administratively intolerable. A simple factual hearing will not interfere with the exercise of discretion. Serious studies have suggested that fair treatment on parole revocation will not result in fewer grants of parole.
This discretionary aspect of the revocation decision need not be reached unless there is first an appropriate determination that the individual has in fact breached the conditions of parole. The parolee is not the only one who has a stake in his conditional liberty. Society has a stake in whatever may be the chance of restoring him to normal and useful life within the law. Society thus has an interest in not having parole revoked because of erroneous information or because of an erroneous evaluation of the need to revoke parole, given the breach of parole conditions. And society has a further interest in treating the parolee with basic fairness: fair treatment in parole revocations will enhance the chance of rehabilitation by avoiding reactions to arbitrariness.
Given these factors, most States have recognized that there is no interest on the part of the State in revoking parole without any procedural guarantees at all. What is needed is an informal hearing structured to assure that the finding of a parole violation will be based on verified facts and that the exercise of discretion will be informed by an accurate knowledge of the parolee's behavior.
We now turn to the nature of the process that is due, bearing in mind that the interest of both State and parolee will be furthered by an effective but informal hearing. In analyzing what is due, we see two important stages in the typical process of parole revocation.
(a) Arrest of Parolee and Preliminary Hearing. The first stage occurs when the parolee is arrested and detained, usually at the direction of his parole officer. The second occurs when parole is formally revoked. There is typically a substantial time lag between the arrest and the eventual determination by the parole board whether parole should be revoked. Additionally, it may be that the parolee is arrested at a place distant from the state institution, to which he may be returned before the final decision is made concerning revocation. Given these factors, due process would seem to require that some minimal inquiry be conducted at or reasonably near the place of the alleged parole violation or arrest and as promptly as convenient after arrest while information is fresh and sources are available. Such an inquiry should be seen as in the nature of a "preliminary hearing" to determine whether there is probable cause or reasonable ground to believe that the arrested parolee has committed acts that would constitute a violation of parole conditions.
In our view, due process requires that after the arrest, the determination that reasonable ground exists for revocation of parole should be made by someone not directly involved in the case. It would be unfair to assume that the supervising parole officer does not conduct an interview with the parolee to confront him with the reasons for revocation before he recommends an arrest. It would also be unfair to assume that the parole officer bears hostility against the parolee that destroys his neutrality; realistically the failure of the parolee is in a sense a failure for his supervising officer. However, we need make no assumptions one way or the other to conclude that there should be an uninvolved person to make this preliminary evaluation of the basis for believing the conditions of parole have been violated. The officer directly involved in making recommendations cannot always have complete objectivity in evaluating them. Goldberg v. Kelly found it unnecessary to impugn the motives of the caseworker to find a need for an independent decisionmaker to examine the initial decision.
This independent officer need not be a judicial officer. The granting and revocation of parole are matters traditionally handled by administrative officers. In Goldberg, the Court pointedly did not require that the hearing on termination of benefits be conducted by a judicial officer or even before the traditional "neutral and detached" officer; it required only that the hearing be conducted by some person other than one initially dealing with the case. It will be sufficient, therefore, in the parole revocation context, if an evaluation of whether reasonable cause exists to believe that conditions of parole have been violated is made by someone such as a parole officer other than the one who has made the report of parole violations or has recommended revocation. A State could certainly choose some other independent decisionmaker to perform this preliminary function.
With respect to the preliminary hearing before this officer, the parolee should be given notice that the hearing will take place and that its purpose is to determine whether there is probable cause to believe he has committed a parole violation. The notice should state what parole violations have been alleged. At the hearing the parolee may appear and speak in his own behalf; he may bring letters, documents, or individuals who can give relevant information to the hearing officer. On request of the parolee, a person who has given adverse information on which parole revocation is to be based is to be made available for questioning in his presence. However, if the hearing officer determines that an informant would be subjected to risk of harm if his identity were disclosed, he need not be subjected to confrontation and cross-examination.
The hearing officer shall have the duty of making a summary, or digest, of what occurs at the hearing in terms of the responses of the parolee and the substance of the documents or evidence given in support of parole revocation and of the parolee's position. Based on the information before him, the officer should determine whether there is probable cause to hold the parolee for the final decision of the parole board on revocation. Such a determination would be sufficient to warrant the parolee's continued detention and return to the state correctional institution pending the final decision. As in Goldberg, "the decision maker should state the reasons for his determination and indicate the evidence he relied on . . ." but it should be remembered that this is not a final determination calling for "formal findings of fact and conclusions of law." No interest would be served by formalism in this process; informality will not lessen the utility of this inquiry in reducing the risk of error.
(b) The Revocation Hearing. There must also be an opportunity for a hearing, if it is desired by the parolee, prior to the final decision on revocation by the parole authority. This hearing must be the basis for more than determining probable cause; it must lead to a final evaluation of any contested relevant facts and consideration of whether the facts as determined warrant revocation. The parolee must have an opportunity to be heard and to show, if he can, that he did not violate the conditions, or, if he did, that circumstances in mitigation suggest that the violation does not warrant revocation. The revocation hearing must be tendered within a reasonable time after the parolee is taken into custody. A lapse of two months, as respondents suggests occurs in some cases, would not appear to be unreasonable.
We cannot write a code of procedure; that is the responsibility of each State. Most States have done so by legislation, others by judicial decision usually on due process grounds. Our task is limited to deciding the minimum requirements of due process. They include (a) written notice of the claimed violations of parole; (b) disclosure to the parolee of evidence against him; (c) opportunity to be heard in person and to present witnesses and documentary evidence; (d) the right to confront and cross-examine adverse witnesses (unless the hearing officer specifically finds good cause for not allowing confrontation); (e) a "neutral and detached" hearing body such as a traditional parole board, members of which need not be judicial officers or lawyers; and (f) a written statement by the factfinders as to the evidence relied on and reasons for revoking parole. We emphasize there is no thought to equate this second stage of parole revocation to a criminal prosecution in any sense. It is a narrow inquiry; the process should be flexible enough to consider evidence including letters, affidavits, and other material that would not be admissible in an adversary criminal trial.
We do not reach or decide the question whether the parolee is entitled to the assistance of retained counsel or to appointed counsel if he is indigent.
We have no thought to create an inflexible structure for parole revocation procedures. The few basic requirements set out above, which are applicable to future revocations of parole, should not impose a great burden on any State's parole system. Control over the required proceedings by the hearing officers can assure that delaying tactics and other abuses sometimes present in the traditional adversary trial situation do not occur. Obviously, a parolee cannot relitigate issues determined against him in other forums, as in the situation presented when the revocation is based on conviction of another crime.
In the peculiar posture of this case, given the absence of an adequate record, we conclude the ends of justice will be best served by remanding the case to the Court of Appeals for its return of the two consolidated cases to the District Court with directions to make findings on the procedures actually followed by the Parole Board in these two revocations. If it is determined that petitioners admitted parole violations to the Parole Board, as respondents contend, and if those violations are found to be reasonable grounds for revoking parole under state standards, that would end the matter. If the procedures followed by the Parole Board are found to meet the standards laid down in this opinion that, too, would dispose of the due process claims for these cases.
We reverse and remand to the Court of Appeals for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
Reversed and remanded.
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