text:
Comparing symptoms of depression and anxiety as predictors of cardiac events and increased health care consumption after myocardial infarction
Author + information
- Received November 4, 2002
- Revision received June 30, 2003
- Accepted July 29, 2003
- Published online November 19, 2003.
Author Information
- Jacqueline J.M.H Strik, MD*,
- Johan Denollet, PhD*,†,* (denollet{at}uvt.nl),
- Richel Lousberg, PhD* and
- Adriaan Honig, MD, PhD, MRCPsych*
- ↵*Reprint requests and correspondence:
Dr. Johan Denollet, Department of Psychology and Health, Tilburg University, P.O. Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Objectives We sought to compare symptoms of depression and anxiety as predictors of incomplete recovery after a first myocardial infarction (MI).
Background Depressive symptoms have been related to post-MI mortality and health care consumption, but little is known about the effect of anxiety. We wanted to examine the effect of emotional distress on health care consumption and whether depressive symptomatology is a better predictor of prognosis than anxiety.
Methods Subjects were 318 men (mean age 58 years) who completed the depression, anxiety, and hostility scales from the 90-item symptom check list after they survived a first MI.
Results After an average follow-up of 3.4 years, there were 25 cardiac events (fatal or non-fatal MI). Symptoms of both depression (hazard ratio [HR] 2.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04 to 5.18; p = 0.039) and anxiety (HR 3.01, 95% CI 1.20 to 7.60; p = 0.019) were associated with cardiac events, adjusting for age, left ventricular ejection fraction, and use of antidepressants. However, a multivariate analysis including all three negative emotions indicated that symptoms of anxiety (HR 2.79, 95% CI 1.11 to 7.03; p = 0.029) explained away the relationship between depressive symptoms and cardiac events. Regarding health care consumption, anxiety (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.24 to 3.22; p = 0.005), but not depression/hostility, was a predictor of cardiac rehospitalization and frequent visits at the cardiac outpatient clinic.
Conclusions Symptoms of depression and anxiety were associated with cardiac events. Anxiety was an independent predictor of both cardiac events and increased health care consumption and accounted for the relationship between depressive symptoms and prognosis. Symptoms of anxiety need to be considered in the risk stratification and treatment of post-MI patients.
Negative emotions, such as depression and anxiety, have been related to coronary artery disease (CAD) (1–3)and a poor prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI) (4). Possible mechanisms linking negative emotions to the post-MI period include increased vulnerability to arrhythmias as a result of increased sympathic tone (5)and increased platelet aggregation (6). It is unclear whether treatment of depression may lead to a decrease in post-MI mortality (7), but the findings of a recent study suggest that reducing emotional stress may improve the prognosis (8).
Depression is frequently studied and considered as a pathogenic factor in post-MI patients (9–12). Minor depression and depressive symptoms also have a negative effect on prognosis in cardiac patients (13). The increased risk of cardiac events may extend to patients with symptoms of negative affect other than depression (14,15). In healthy populations, anxiety (1–3)and anger (16)have been associated with the incidence of cardiac events, but less is known about the role of anxiety and anger in post-MI patients. Some studies have found that symptoms of depression and anxiety (17,18)or anxiety alone (19)did not predict mortality in MI patients but did predict quality of life among those MI patients who lived to 12 months. Other studies reported that both depression and anxiety, independent of each other, predicted cardiac events (20)or CAD (21).
However, there has been a tendency to focus on only one negative emotion at a time (15). Hence, the question remains whether symptoms of depression play a specific role in the prognosis of post-MI patients or whether symptoms of other negative emotions such as anxiety and anger have a comparable adverse effect on recovery after MI. In psychiatric patients, anxiety and depression frequently co-occur, and co-morbid anxiety has been associated with a greater severity of depressive disorder and a poor response to anti-depressive treatment (22–27). In depressed post-MI patients, evidence suggests that co-morbid anxiety rather than pure depression may account for reduced heart rate variability as a cardiotoxic factor (28). Of note, pharmacologic treatment of anxiety may also decrease the risk of major depression (27).
Most studies investigating the relationship between psychological factors and prognosis after MI focus on mortality and new cardiac events (29–31). Negative emotions may also have an adverse effect on other "softer" end points such as angina, quality of life, and incomplete recovery (32). The effect of depression on angina and re-hospitalization is even more strongly established than its effect on mortality (33). This is reason for concern because adverse outcomes also represent increased health care costs (34).
The purpose of the present study was twofold. First, we wanted to examine whether depression is a better predictor of incomplete recovery after MI than anxiety. Second, we wanted to examine the effect of emotional distress not only on major cardiac events but also on re-hospitalization and increased health care consumption.
Between May 1994 and September 1999, a total of 407 eligible male patients were admitted to the First Heart Aid of the Academic Hospital of Maastricht (AZM) with acute MI. Inclusion criteria of the present study were male gender, first MI, clinical picture and electrocardiographic signs typical of acute MI, and a maximum value of the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) of at least 80 U/l (twice above the upper limit) (35). Patients were excluded who had a major psychiatric disorder other than affective disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, dementia, present psychotic episode). Additionally, patients who were unable to communicate reliably (e.g., because of cognitive dysfunction or not speaking Dutch) or with a co-morbid life-threatening disease were excluded. The local ethics committee approved this study.
Of the 407 eligible patients, 89 (21.9%) refused to participate and 318 (78.1%) gave written, informed consent before inclusion. A refusal rate of 21.9% is comparable to other studies in which MI patients were screened for depression (12,29). Of the 318 patients, 14 were treated in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine during 25 weeks (36). After the trial, they were offered further treatment at the mood disorder clinic of AZM if necessary. Furthermore, another 11 patients were treated with antidepressants by the general practitioner or at the mood disorder clinic of AZM.
Assessment of emotional distress
The 90-item Symptom Check List (SCL-90), which is a well-validated and widely used self-assessment scale (37,38), was used to measure emotional distress. Each of the items of the SCL-90 ranges from 0 to 4, with 0 indicating no complaint and 4 maximal complaint. Patients filled out the SCL-90 one month after MI at home or during the first post-MI visit at the outpatient clinic of the Department of Cardiology. The scales of "depression" (16 items), "anxiety" (10 items), and "hostility" (6 items) from the SCL-90 were scored for the purpose of the present study. These scales were conceptualized as markers of emotional distress. In previous research, we evaluated the SCL-90 depression scale in patients with post-MI depression and found it to be a valid instrument, with a sensitivity of 81.1% and a specificity of 83.5%. In comparison, the Beck Depression Inventory had a sensitivity of 83.8% and a specificity of 71.7% (39).
End points
The end points in this study were major cardiac events and health care consumption during an average follow-up period of 3.4 years (range 1 to 70 months). Major cardiac events were defined as cardiac death or recurrent MI, as diagnosed by the attending cardiologist. Increased health care consumption was defined as cardiac rehospitalization and/or frequent visits (>6 visits during follow-up) at the cardiac outpatient clinic. Patients without cardiac events during the follow-up period and with an average number of visits at the cardiac outpatient clinic were considered to be "event free."
Cardiac variables
Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was recorded one month after MI as a measure of disease severity. Data on intervention at the time of MI (thrombolysis, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, coronary artery bypass graft surgery), medication (beta-blockers, platelet aggregation inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors), and cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes) were taken from the patients' records.
All data were entered into a computerized data base and analyzed using SPSS version 6.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois) standard software. According to the results of follow-up, patients were classified into one of three groups: patients with a major cardiac event; patients with increased health care consumption; and event-free patients. To determine the prognostic power of emotional distress, scores on the depression, hostility, and anxiety subscales were dichotomized according to the cut-off values for high-risk psychopathology (38): 23 for depression; 12 for anxiety; and 7 for hostility. The LVEF was dichotomized at 50%, using standards of a former publication on CAD patients (8). A median split was used to dichotomize patients according to age (median 58 years) and the number of visits at the outpatient cardiology clinic (median 6 visits). Differences in baseline characteristics between the three groups were tested by the independent ttest for continuous variables and the chi-square test for all dichotomous variables. Fisher exact probabilities were calculated when they were expected.
Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to examine the SCL-90 depression, anxiety, and hostility subscales separately as predictors of major cardiac events. To select appropriate co-variates for statistical control, all baseline variables were dichotomized (at predetermined points). Those variables significantly related to major cardiac events in the univariate Cox regression models were entered into the multiple Cox regression analysis, followed by the addition of the SCL-90 depression, anxiety, and hostility subscales. Because anti-depressive agents can flaw the impact of depression on cardiac prognosis, we also included the use of antidepressants as a co-variate in our model. Finally, a stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis, including all three negative emotions (SCL-90 subscales of depression, anxiety, and hostility), was used to examine these emotions as independent predictors of major cardiac events.
Regarding analysis of SCL-90 depression, anxiety, and hostility subscales as predictors of health care consumption, univariate logistic regressions were first performed. Those baseline variables significantly related to health consumption were entered in a multivariate logistic regression model, followed by the addition of the SCL-90 subscales. Finally, multivariate logistic regression with all three negative emotions was used. A two-tailed p value ≤0.05 was considered to be significant.
The average (±SD) age of the 318 included men was 58 ± 11 years, and the mean LVEF and maximum ASAT scores were 51 ± 9.8% and 247 ± 182 U/l, respectively. There were no differences between the participating and non-participating groups with respect to age, maximum ASAT, or LVEF. Of the 318 participants, 91.9% were prescribed platelet aggregation inhibitors, 58.2% beta-blockers, 45.2% lipid-lowering drugs, 36.2% angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, 9% diuretics, and 5.7% oral antidiabetic agents. Fifty-four percent of patients were smoking before MI, 20.4% were known to have hypercholesterolemia, 8.5% had diabetes, and 28% had hypertension. Next, we evaluated whether not only age and LVEF but also medication and risk factors for CAD were associated with the distress variables of depression, anxiety, and hostility (Table 1). Age under 58 years was associated with patients with depressive symptoms (p = 0.031), as was smoking (p = 0.003). Diabetes, prescription of oral antidiabetic agents, and platelet aggregation inhibitors were associated with symptoms of anxiety (p = 0.043, 0.047, and 0.026, respectively). Hyperlipidemia was associated with symptoms of hostility (p = 0.022), as was smoking (p = 0.026). According to the psychological assessment one month after MI, 47.1% of the patients scored above the cut-off value of the SCL-90 depression subscale, 59.5% above the anxiety subscale, and 62.1% above the hostility subscale.
Cardiac events
One hundred forty-four patients (45.2%) were event-free during follow-up, whereas 25 (7.9%) had experienced a major cardiac event. On univariate Cox regression analyses (Table 2), LVEF ≤50% was significantly associated with cardiac death or recurrent MI (p = 0.031). There was also a trend for age >58 years (p = 0.066). The other cardiovascular variables (i.e., beta-blockers, invasive intervention, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes) were not associated with cardiac events (Table 2) or health care consumption (Table 3).
Symptoms of anxiety, but not depression, were associated with cardiac events on univariate analysis (Fig. 1). After adjusting for age, LVEF, and the use of antidepressants, symptoms of both depression and anxiety were associated with cardiac events (p = 0.039 and 0.019, respectively) (Table 4). There was no relation with hostility.
Increased health care consumption
Of the 318 male patients with a first MI, 149 (46.9%) had increased health care consumption (i.e., frequent visits to the outpatient cardiac clinic or rehospitalizations due to cardiac events) up to six years after MI. On univariate analyses (Table 3), there were no cardiovascular variables related to increased health care consumption, although there was a trend for LVEF ≤50% to be related to increased health care consumption (p = 0.069).
Regarding emotional distress as a determinant, depressive and anxious symptoms at baseline were associated with increased health care consumption during follow-up (p = 0.047 and 0.004, respectively) (Table 3). After adjusting for age, LVEF, and the use of antidepressants, anxiety was the only negative emotion that was significantly associated with the secondary end point (odds ratio [OR] 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23 to 3.26; p = 0.006) (i.e., frequent cardiac outpatient visits and rehospitalizations due to cardiac events) (Table 4). Hostility was not related to increased health care consumption.
Independent predictors of end points
A multivariate analysis including all three negative emotions indicated that symptoms of anxiety (hazard ratio [HR] 2.79, 95% CI 1.11 to 7.03; p = 0.029) (Table 5) explained away the relationship between depressive symptoms and cardiac events. This stepwise multivariate Cox regression also retained LVEF <50% (HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.01 to 5.21; p = 0.047) and age >58 years (HR 2.44, 95% CI 1.01 to 5.88; p = 0.047) as independent predictors of major cardiac events (Table 5, top). Neither depression (p = 0.44) nor hostility (p = 0.39) predicted major cardiac events in this multivariate model. Regarding increased health care consumption, a stepwise logistic regression model again retained anxiety (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.24 to 3.22; p = 0.005) as an independent predictor of frequent visits to the outpatient cardiac clinic or rehospitalizations due to cardiac events (Table 5, bottom). Neither depression (p = 0.65) nor hostility (p = 0.93) predicted increased health care consumption. In other words, anxiety accounted for the relationship between depression and cardiac events, and anxiety was the only significant predictor of increased health care consumption in survivors of acute MI.
The findings of the present study showed that symptoms of both depression and anxiety were associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiac events. However, anxiety was an independent predictor of cardiac events and increased health care consumption and accounted for the relationship between depression and prognosis. These findings support the notion that psychological factors are related to a poor prognosis after MI (1–3)and indicate that symptoms of anxiety need to be considered in the risk stratification and treatment of post-MI patients.
The fact that anxiety was a stronger predictor of cardiac outcome in MI patients than depressive symptomatology is a novel finding. A recent review of negative emotions and the onset of coronary heart disease (CHD) in initially healthy individuals also concluded that research should not ignore the risk associated with anxiety (40). The present study focused on patients with established CHD to examine the relative impact of symptoms of depression and anxiety on prognosis. Although most previous research focused on either anxiety (1–3)or depression (4)as single risk indicators, these negative emotions were investigated simultaneously in the present study. Although there was a trend for depressive symptoms to predict cardiac outcome on univariate analysis, anxiety explained away this association on multivariate analysis. In fact, anxiety was associated with a more than twofold increased risk (HR 2.79, 95% CI 1.11 to 7.03; p = 0.029) of cardiac death or recurrent MI after controlling for disease severity (i.e., LVEF ≤50%; HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.01 to 5.21; p = 0.047) and age (HR 2.44, 95% CI 1.01 to 5.88; p = 0.047). The fact that anxiety, but not depression, was retained as an independent predictor of cardiac outcome is in line with the findings of a recent study by Watkins et al. (28), who found that high levels of anxiety, measured 6 ± 3 days after MI, but not depression, were independently associated with reduced vagal control in post-MI patients. Previous research in our own group also indicated that anxiety was a significant predictor of clinical depression in a sample of 206 post-MI patients (39). Hostility was not associated with cardiac prognosis or increased health care consumption in the present study.
Our findings confirm studies which concluded that depression and anxiety may be predictors of cardiac events after MI (20,21). The follow-up period (1 year) in studies that could not confirm a relationship between depression/anxiety and cardiac events (17,18)was considerably shorter than the follow-up period in the present study (average 3.4 years). It may be that cardiac events related to affective dysregulation after MI tend to occur more in long-term periods. The timing of the assessment may also be important. In a study reporting that both depression and anxiety did not predict outcome at three years after MI (41), the depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed in the hospital. In the present study, these symptoms were assessed at one month after MI.
Study limitations
The limitations of this study include the relatively small number of cardiac events, the exclusion of female patients, and the lack of information on depression treatment during the course of follow-up. However, as yet, it is not clear whether treatment of post-MI depression can improve the prognosis (42). Another limitation concerns the use of only one instrument to assess specific symptoms of depression and anxiety. Undoubtedly, measures of depressive symptoms may yield significant prognostic information in post-MI patients (40)..At the present time, we do not know what elements of depression predict cardiac mortality. However, the present findings suggest that, in addition to assessing depressive symptomatology, it is equally important to assess other negative emotions, including anxiety.
Apart from a cardiac prognosis, the present study also examined the prognostic role of emotional distress on health care consumption. Depression not only precedes cardiac death and recurrent MI but also may predict morbidity (33). We found that anxiety was an independent predictor of frequent visits to the outpatient cardiac clinic or rehospitalizations due to cardiac events. There was a trend for symptoms of depression to also be related to increased health care consumption, but once again, anxiety accounted for this association in the multivariate model. Hence, it is also important to detect and treat emotionally distressed patients from an economic point of view, given the fact that increased health care consumption entails a significant increase in health care costs among patients with CHD (34).
These findings have implications for clinical research and practice. First, biobehavioral research on CHD has largely focused on depression and depressive symptoms (9–12). It is timely to also include other psychological factors such as anxiety (40). Second, the identification of CHD patients who experience anxiety may lead to more accurate risk estimates in clinical practice. Compared with the Beck Depression Inventory, total Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (combination of the anxiety and depression subscale) proved to be more sensitive and specific to depression after MI than the subscales separately (39). This appears to be in line with the results of the present study (i.e., the fact that symptoms of anxiety were predictive of cardiac events in addition to symptoms of depression). Third, as yet, it is not clear whether pharmacologic (36)or behavioral (42,43)treatment of depression can influence the prognosis of post-MI patients (7,44). The present study indicated that besides depression, anxiety is also important in the prediction of cardiac outcome. This finding may help to explain why an intervention that was specifically designed to treat depression (37)failed to improve the prognosis of post-MI patients (44). A more comprehensive approach to treatment, including exercise training and individualized treatment of a wide variety of psychological factors, may be more successful in improving the cardiac prognosis (8).
We found that anxiety was an independent predictor of cardiac events and increased health care consumption after controlling for disease severity and age. Moreover, anxiety accounted for any associations between depressive symptoms and prognosis. These findings support the notion that symptoms of emotional distress are related to the cardiac prognosis after MI. Yet, they also indicate that, apart from depressive symptoms, other symptoms of emotional distress must be considered to optimize risk stratification and treatment.
- Abbreviations
- aspartate aminotransferase
- Academic Hospital Maastricht
- coronary artery disease
- coronary heart disease
- confidence interval
- hazard ratio
- left ventricular ejection fraction
- myocardial infarction
- odds ratio
- 90-item Symptom Check List
- Received November 4, 2002.
- Revision received June 30, 2003.
- Accepted July 29, 2003.
- American College of Cardiology Foundation
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text:
Etiquette & Engagement: Empathy
Imagine if every person acted like a lady or gentleman….
Etiquette Tip: Ladies and gentlemen are empathetic when serving others.
To empathize is to perceive the situation as the guest, patient or customer does. See it as they do, hear it as they do, feel it as they do and truly understand their experience. The light bulb is burned out, there is noise coming from the room next door, the heat is not working: we sincerely apologize as we know the frustration of not being able to see in a dark room, listen to a meeting when there's a loud group next door or feel comfortable when it's too cold. We empathize and because of this, we employ an earnest and understanding tone as we move forward to resolve your issue. We will replace the light bulb and repair the heat right away and leave a gracious note from our engineering team. We will manage the noise that hinders your productivity. We will do whatever it takes to fulfill our mission through true empathy with our guests. By showing empathy, our Ladies and Gentlemen deliver gracious and thoughtful service to each other and our guests and that drives customer and employee engagement. ∞
The motto of The Ritz-Carlton is "We are Ladies and Gentlemen serving Ladies and Gentlemen." This motto sets a tone of goodwill and grace for all.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Fast-food workers outside a McDonald's in Detroit in May, part of a wave of strikes and protests across the United States. Credit Paul Sancya/Associated Press
The general counsel of the National Labor Relations Board ruled on Tuesday that McDonald's could be held jointly liable for labor and wage violations by its franchise operators — a decision that, if upheld, would disrupt longtime practices in the fast-food industry and ease the way for unionizing nationwide.
Business groups called the decision outrageous. Some legal experts described it as a far-reaching move that could signal the labor board's willingness to hold many other companies to the same standard of "joint employer," making businesses that use subcontractors or temp agencies at least partly liable in cases of overtime, wage or union-organizing violations.
The ruling comes after the labor board's legal team investigated myriad complaints that fast-food workers brought in the last 20 months, accusing McDonald's and its franchisees of unfair labor practices.
Richard F. Griffin Jr., the labor board's general counsel, said he found merit in 43 of the 181 claims, accusing McDonald's restaurants of illegally firing, threatening or otherwise penalizing workers for their pro-labor activities.
In those cases, Mr. Griffin said he would include McDonald's as a joint employer, a classification that could hold the company responsible for actions taken at thousands of its restaurants. Roughly 90 percent of the chain's restaurants in the United States are franchise operations.
The fast-food workers who filed cases asserted that McDonald's was a joint employer on the grounds that it orders its franchise owners to strictly follow its rules on food, cleanliness and employment practices and that McDonald's often owns the restaurants that franchisees use.
McDonald's said it would contest the decision, warning that the ruling would affect not only the fast-food industry but businesses like dry cleaners and car dealerships.
Heather Smedstad, a senior vice president for McDonald's, said the N.L.R.B.'s move was wrong because the company does not determine or help determine decisions on hiring, wages or other employment matters. "McDonald's also believes that this decision changes the rules for thousands of small businesses, and goes against decades of established law," she said.
Throughout the debate to increase the minimum wage to $10.10 an hour, as well as the campaign to pressure McDonald's and other restaurant chains to adopt a $15 wage floor, the companies have said that they do not set employee wages, that the franchise owners do. The N.L.R.B.'s decision would weaken that defense considerably.
Wilma Liebman, a former chairwoman of the National Labor Relations Board under President Obama and now an occasional consultant to unions, said the decision could give fast-food workers and labor unions leverage to get the company to negotiate about steps that would make it easier to organize McDonald's restaurants. Similarly, she said, the ruling could give the workers and unions more clout in pressing McDonald's to have its franchisees raise wages.
And in an era when companies increasingly use subcontractors and temp agencies to free themselves of employment decisions and headaches, experts said the ruling could force the companies to be more accountable.
"Employers like McDonald's seek to avoid recognizing the rights of their employees by claiming that they are not really their employer, despite exercising control over crucial aspects of the employment relationship," said Julius Getman, a labor law professor at the University of Texas. "McDonald's should no longer be able to hide behind its franchisees."
The next phase will unfold before administrative law judges hearing the employees' claims. If the judges rule against McDonald's on the joint-employer finding and the labor violations claimed, the company is likely to appeal to the full five-member labor board in Washington. Given that McDonald's is arguing that the legal counsel's ruling goes against three decades of law, the case could ultimately wind up before the Supreme Court.
The cases filed with the N.L.R.B. grew out of the five one-day strikes demanding a $15 wage that fast-food workers conducted against McDonald's and other fast-food restaurants beginning in November 2012. Over 100 workers complained to the board, saying that they had been fired, had their hours cut or were otherwise punished for the protests.
In a statement, Angelo Amador, vice president for labor and work force policy for the National Restaurant Association, called the ruling another example of the Obama administration's agenda against small businesses. The decision, he said, "overturns 30 years of established law regarding the franchise model in the United States, erodes the proven franchisor-franchisee relationship, and jeopardizes the success of 90 percent of America's restaurants who are independent operators or franchisees."
In 1982, a federal appeals court, echoing the labor board at the time, said that a company was to be considered a joint employer in situations where two or more employers exerted "significant control" over the same employees. In the years since, the board has adopted a narrower standard, holding that a company could be deemed a joint employer only when it directly controlled, for instance, a franchisee's or a temp agency's employment practices.
Authored by Steve Greenhouse via nytimes.com.
December 2014
Chris Castro


text:
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text: Anyone see the video or story making the rounds yesterday? I'm not going to post it given half of the search examples they demonstrate and some of the undercover executive commentary are political. It's much broader than a political thing though. It's easy to find, at least until they perhaps start dumping it on YouTube. It's fascinating to see search results manipulation or editorializing when searching a few different things after watching this. Google has tremendous power to shape society's access to information. The whistleblower is basically saying that Google is showing what they think the results should be versus objective lists or even the most popular or most viewed results if those results are not in line with what should be displayed.


text:
New Heart English Bible
1God blessed Noah and his sons, and said to them, "Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth. 2The fear of you and the dread of you will be on every wild animal of the earth, and on every flying creature of the sky. Everything that the ground teems with, and all the fish of the sea are delivered into your hand. 3Every moving thing that lives will be food for you. As the green plants, I have given everything to you. 4But flesh with its life, its blood, you shall not eat. 5And surely I will require a reckoning for the blood of your lives; from every animal I will require it, and from humans. From every human being I will require it for the life of his fellow human being.
6Whoever takes a human life, by a human will his life be taken, for God made humankind in his own image.
7And as for you, be fruitful and multiply, and increase abundantly on the earth, and subdue it."
8God spoke to Noah and to his sons with him, saying, 9"And as for me, look, I establish my covenant with you, and with your offspring after you, 10and with every living creature that is with you: the flying creatures, and the tame animals, and every wild animal of the earth with you, of all that go out of the vessel. 11I will establish my covenant with you: all flesh will not be cut off any more by the waters of the flood, neither will there ever again be a flood to destroy the earth." 12God said, "This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual generations: 13I set my rainbow in the cloud, and it will be for a sign of a covenant between me and the earth. 14It will happen, when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the rainbow will be seen in the cloud, 15and I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh, and the waters will no more become a flood to destroy all flesh. 16The rainbow will be in the cloud. I will look at it, that I may remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of all flesh that is on the earth." 17God said to Noah, "This is the token of the covenant which I have established between me and all flesh that is on the earth."
18The sons of Noah who went forth from the vessel were Shem, Ham, and Japheth. Ham is the father of Canaan. 19These three were the sons of Noah, and from these, the whole earth was populated.
20Noah began to be a farmer, and planted a vineyard. 21He drank of the wine and got drunk. He was uncovered within his tent. 22And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and he went out and told his two brothers outside. 23Shem and Japheth took a garment, and laid it on both their shoulders, went in backwards, and covered the nakedness of their father. Their faces were backwards, and they did not see their father's nakedness. 24Noah awoke from his wine, and knew what his youngest son had done to him.
25He said, "Canaan is cursed. He will be servant of servants to his brothers."
26He said, "Blessed be the LORD, the God of Shem. Let Canaan be his servant.
27May God enlarge Japheth. Let him dwell in the tents of Shem. Let Canaan be his servant."
28Noah lived three hundred fifty years after the flood. 29All the days of Noah were nine hundred and fifty years, then he died.
New Heart English Bible
Edited by Wayne A. Mitchell.
Public Domain 2008-2019
Bible Hub


text:
Home Questions Articles Browse Topics Latest Top Members FAQ
Firstly there is no indication of the sub or function command line at the beginning of this code. For the moment I'll assume a command button called cmdOrderStock. I've also reset the Recordset variable type to DAO.Recordset because if the ADO library is also referenced this can cause confusion. Expand|Select|Wrap|Line Numbers
Private Sub cmdOrderStock_Click()
Dim dbsMedicalSupplies As Database
Dim rstStock As DAO.Recordset
Dim strToOrder As String
Dim strExtraOrder As String
Secondly if the database you are referencing is the same database you are working on then you don't need the full path. Change it as follows otherwise leave it as it is. Expand|Select|Wrap|Line Numbers
Set dbsMedicalSupplies =CurrentDB
Set rstStock = dbsMedicalSupplies.OpenRecordset("Stock",dbOpenDynaset)
With rstStock
Do While Not .EOF
!ToOrder = !ToOrder + !ExtraOrder
!ExtraOrder = 0
End With
Lastly you want to close the recordset but also set it to nothing and the same for the database. If the database is your current database then you don't want to close it. Expand|Select|Wrap|Line Numbers
Set rstStock = Nothing
Set dbsMedicalSupplies = Nothing
End Sub
Sign in to post your reply or Sign up for a free account.


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TROPER WE COMIN FOR U NIGGA!note
Even the world of wrestling is not safe from memes, most of which were started either by WrestleCrap and their original Message Board (now the Freakin Awesome Network forums), their rivals over at 420chan's /wooo/, Botchamania, or r/SquaredCircle.
WWE has its own page.
open/close all folders
- One common in some wrestling boards is to post a picture of a promotions' booker looking smug, sometimes subtitled "Problem, IWC?" when insane booking decisions come up. Vince McMahon◊ and Vince Russo◊ are most common.
- Alternatively, a Cornette face will be used.
- On Something Awful's wrestling forum this has come to be represented by one very specific picture of Vince (McMahon, that is): vinceflex.jpg◊.
- Kevin Nash◊, thanks to Botchamania.
- Professional wrestling fandom's favorite Butt-Monkey, Kent Jones, the self-proclaimed YouTube "shooter".
- SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap* SUPER DRAGON! * clap clap clap*Explanation
- OH SHI-Explanation
- SUPER DRAGON! *SHUT THE FUCK UP!* SUPER DRAGON! *SHUT THE FUCK UP!* SUPER DRAGON!Explanation
- OH SHI-Explanation
- Then there's the tendency of some commentators to talk like living thesauruses. ("[Name] has been completely embarrassed....and humiliated!")
- You've still got it! Explanation
- Charlie Brown from Outta Town memes:
- Curry Man is not Christopher Daniels.
- Ricochet is not Helios.
- Eric Young is not Super Eric.
- Hulk Hogan was not Mr. America, brother.
- Shane Helms was not The Hurricane.
ChristopherDaniels is not Suicide... anymore.
- And neither is Kaz.
- Giant Machine is not André the Giant. It could be Giant Baba, however.
- Super Strong Machine is not Junji Hirata.
- The Badd Boys are not Jagged and Shane Matthews. in Inter Species Wrestling, anyway.
- Chief Morley is not Val Venis.
- The Romantic Touch is not Rhett Titus
- R-Truth is not K-Kwik.
- The Miz is not the Calgary Kid.
- Lin Bairon is not Ray
- Juan Cena is not John Cena.
- Amazing Red is not Sangriento.
- (Lord) Tensai is not Albert/A-Train.
- Everyone is Doink the Clown. No exceptions.
- Sin Cara Negro is not, was not, and will never be Hunico.
- Ryback is not Skip Sheffield.
- Ricardo Rodriguez is not El Local, nor is he Chimaera
- Fandango is not Johnny Curtis.
- Damien Sandow is not Idol Stevens.
- Curtis Axel is not Michael McGillicutty
- Bray Wyatt is not Husky Harris.
- Sami Zayn is not El Generico (and we'll likely never know who was).
- El Generico has retired from wrestling and is running an orphanage in Tijuana. Explanation
- Primo and Epico are not Los Matadores.
- Number 116 - Armbar
- And, let us never forget that Sho Funaki and Taka Michinoku are EEEEEEEEVIL~!
- After it became an Ascended Meme: (I) FUCK(ING LOVE) THIS COMPANY!
- Yeah, I don't know either, dude. Explanation
- That's awesome on every conceivable level! Explanation
- Dennis Stamp wasn't booked!Explanation
- Non-western example. The wrestler Hard Gay is memetic both in Japan and overseas. HOOOOOOOOOOOO~!
- Clean as a WhistleExplanation
- Brimstone has CUSTOM BOOTS. Explanation
- Baron von Raschke's "That is all the people need to know."
- Not everyone realizes the reference anymore, but wrestlers who were on the losing end of particularly one sided fights or squashes would be called "Destroyed", in reference to a wrestler called The Destroyer.
- "It couldn't happen to a nicer guy." in reference to misfortune befalling someone you don't like. This is mutated from Buddy Rogers's original quote upon winning the world title.
- "IT'S STILL REAL TO ME DAMMIT~!" as bellowed by an tearful, overenthusiastic fan at an NWA press conference. That guy is known as KongaDave, and he occasionally posts at the WrestleCrap forums.
- Became an Ascended Meme thanks to his Web Redemption on Tosh.0.
- Iceman King Parsons: "Like Mama says, it be's that way sometimes. MERCY!"
All Japan / New Japan
- Anything to do with Kenta Kobashi and "burning," "chops," and/or "cancer." Especially him defeating his own cancer (in actuality a tumor which cost him his right kidney) with wrestling moves.
- LARIATOOOOOOOOO!!!!!Explanation
- VERY VERY VERY BREAKY BREAKY BREAKY BISHI BISHI!!!explanation
- KAZE NI NAREEEEEE!!!!!explanation
- FUCK 'EM!!!Explanation
- You are only half the man Sid is and he has half the brain you do.
- A Lex Luger T-shirt promo in 2005 gave birth to many memes, such as "I DON'T KNOOOW!" or "Billy what'shisname."'
- He got a BICYCLE!!!Explanation
- Ric Flair is the one-man meme-machine:
- WOOOOOO! (Especially in response to someone getting a "knife edge chop" to the chest)
- "To be the man, you gotta beat the man"
- Using "Thus Spake Zarathustra" as an entrance theme
- Elbow-dropping his own coat.
- According to my rowlex...
- Many a little brother was tortured by the Figure Four Leg Lock because of him.
- Many a college fratboy was ICE'd because of his group, Fortune.
- "Time to ride Space Mountain!"
- "Now we go to school!" (usually before he applied the Figure Four Leg Lock)
- "Shut up, fat boy!"
- "You better shut up or I'll make a woman out of your girl!" Usually said to someone in the audience sitting by a female.
- Space Mountain may be the oldest ride in the park but it's still got the longest line!
- "Leave the memories alone..."Explanation
- GO TO BED!Explanation
- *takes guitar shot* "Never drew a dime!"explanation
- Hold 25: Armbar!
- *Ron Simmons observes this foolishness* "DAMN!"
- On the Dating Game: "If you were to bring me breakfast in bed, what would it be?" "SPAM!"
- "If you could go back and time, and stop any war, what would it be?" "'NAM!"
- "Who do you think is Jim Halpert's soulmate?" "PAM!"
- And just what does he usually show up for? BLAM!
- On the Dating Game: "If you were to bring me breakfast in bed, what would it be?" "SPAM!"
- We comin' fo' YOU, nigga! *facepalm* *Sherri corpses*
- DDT Digest knows that you cannot powerbomb (Billy) Kidman.
- David Kalla: "There is a reason I have 8 trillion dollars in debt."
- David won't lose in Canada.
- Number 100: Kalla Crossbody
- He is Canadian. Not Canadian.
- David won't lose in Canada.
- I wonder what Vampiro's doing right now.
- Vampiro merchandise is not available in Mexico, because Vampiro refuses to sell ANYTHING there.
- Bret Hart: "Who are you t-to... to doubt El Dandy?"
- Scott Steiner: "WHO'S THE MAN? HUH? YOUR MOTHER SUCKS! HUH? I'M HUNGRY! HUH? HUH? HUH? HUH? HUH? HUH?"
Scott Steiner: "And not only is she ugly, SHE'S FAT!" *three seconds later* "SHE'S FAT!" *End of the promo* "And don't bring her any food, 'cause SHE'S FAT!"
- Scott's thoughts on Samoa Joe? "HE'S FAT!"
- Lampshaded by Steiner himself at Turning Point 2011, when describing Abyss' fictional girlfriend.
- He also comes from a highly educated university... BITCH!!!!.
- Throughout my career, I've wrestled a lot of countries...
- Team 3D, you got some FAAAAAAAAAAAT ASSES!
- Scott Steiner's not a hard man to find.
- You only have a 8 1/3% chance of beating him, while he has a 141 2/3% chance of beating you!
- Scott's thoughts on Samoa Joe? "HE'S FAT!"
- Hold 175: ARMBAR!!!
- "CALL THE WCW HOTLINE, I DON'T GIVE A FUCK"Explanation
- "That'll put a lot of butts in seats..."Explanation
- MICK FOLEY PUT MY ASS IN THIS SEAT Explanation
- "THIS IS THE GREATEST [placeholder] IN THE HISTORY OF OUR SPORT!"
- Hold 327: ARM! BAR!
- Besides being the trope namer for Garbage Wrestler, Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling also gave rise to the notion that Japanese tables were indestructible. One of the oddest examples was when W*ING Kanemura jumped off a scaffold and the only thing that broke was one of the table's metal legs, suggesting it's Japanese wood that can't be broken.
- From the Harley Races, to the Barry Windhams, to the Ric Flairs...
- ...here comes MONGO!
- Speaking of Shane Douglas, everything must be blamed on "Dick" Flair.
- Not even Joey Styles can escape this:
- That clueless putz, Stevie Richards!
- JESUS! Explanation
- "WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT SHRIMP COCKTAIL, HANH?" Explanation
- lol ill pretend u said 18explanation
- Did someone mention Matt Taven?explanation
- Teddy Hart and catsexplanation
- ...
- ...
- And now we wait for The Matrix jokes.
- It is inevitable, Mr. Anderson.
- Rellik is Killer spelled backwards, which mutated into "Rebboj is Jobber spelled backwards." in the hands of Smart Marks.
- You ain't on THE LIST, bro!
- You're a total hamster, bro!
- OHH! (fist-pumps)
- "You can't wrestle!" "I disagree!" "You can't wrestle!" "I'm very good!" Explanation
- Jeff Hardy: "Austin, my nuts hurt..." Explanation
- Soon a surprise is coming to TNA/Impact Wrestling that will change it on every level FOREVER!!!
- Repeat every four to six weeks.
- The Impact Zone thinks this is bullshit!Explanation
- Any reaction from TNA color commentator Don West:Don West: DID YOU SEE THAT?! DID YOU SEE THAT?! PELE! PELE! HE HIT THE PELE! FROM OUT OF NOWHERE! YOU GOTTA BE KIDDING ME!!!
- The smarks would strike again, as one sign could clearly be seen that read, "YES, DON WEST, WE DID SEE THAT."
- And, of course Mike Tenay has to answer every "This is awesome!" chant with a "You're DAMN RIGHT this is awesome!"
- Let us not forget Tazz and his desire to "Let the pigeons LOOSE!"
- ...Not to be confused with... "release the doves!"
- The smarks would strike again, as one sign could clearly be seen that read, "YES, DON WEST, WE DID SEE THAT."
- Magnus is a Paper Champion!
- "What is [insert real name or similar ring name of a well-known wrestler who recently left WWE] doing in the Impact Zone?"
- TNA Knockout Champion Taylor Wilde was so underpaid she works at Sunglasses Hut.
- Death puns and TNA, and or demands that Sabu return to TNA with a new gimmick called Genocide, after Homicide "cashed in" his Feast or Fired briefcase on Suicide. TNA has since renamed Suicide Manik, perhaps to try and cut back on this.
- Which is funny, since ECW billed Sabu as being "homicidal, genocidal, and suicidal."
- Lil Kaval is the only reason for some TNAExplanation
- You haven't seen my brother Chris? You know, (hand) Abyss!Explanation
- "Tag of the Waaah!!!" Explanation
- HE'S NOT READY BROTHER DUDE JACK Explanation
- Bobby Roode spitting. Explanation
- Bobby Rooooooo!!!Explanation
- Bram has just signed to a multi-year deal with TNA/Impact Wrestling.Explanation
- Here's the reason why Wes Brisco turned heel and revealed himself as one of the members of the Aces & Eights:"It's because of you, Hawk Hogan!"
- Blackolution Explanation
- LOLTNA Explanation
- Following TNA's acquisition by Anthem Sports and Entertainment in January 2017, Anthem spelled backwards is "MEH TNA".
- OVER! YOUR! DEAD! BODY! Explanation
- "Did I use the tacks?"
Sixty days later, "What's Fad Metamorphosis: Vocational Grappling doing in the iMPACT! Zone?"Explanation
One week later, Fad Metamorphisis: Vocational Grappling: *insert gratuitous anti-WWE rant here*Explanation


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Speaker Series Archive
Spring 2019
|Event Title
|Link to event
|Evidence-Based Approaches to Curriculum Reform and Assessment
|February 1
|Dr. Melanie M. Cooper, Ph.D.
|View Event
|Infrastructuring As a Practice of Design-Based Research for Supporting and Studying Equitable Implementation and Sustainability of Innovations
|February 22
|Dr. Bill Penuel, Ph.D.
|View Event
|Emerging Methods in Understanding and
Supporting Collaboration in Classrooms
|March 8
|Dr. Emma Mercier
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
|View Event
|Supporting and Studying Three-Dimensional Learning and Assessment Activities
|March 15
|Dr. Don Winks, Dr. Brian Gane,
Laura Zeller (PhD student)
|View Event
|Six Degrees of Engineering-Science Integration in K-12 Education
|April 19
|Dr. Şenay Purzer, Purdue University
|View Event
|April 26
|Anthony Petrosino
University of Texas at Austin
|View Event
|Using an Integrated Model of Identity Development
to Design Digital Learning Environments
|May 3
|Mirlanda Prudent (LSRI PhD student)
University of Illinois at Chicago
|View Event
Fall 2018
|Event Title
|Link to Event
|Collectible Card Games for Learning Cybersecurity"
|September 7
|Michael K. Thomas, Ph.D.
|view event
|Looking at my (real) world through mathematics: Memories and imaginaries of STEM learning
|September 28
|Dr. Patricia Buenrostro, Ph.D.
|View Event
|Traces, Aesthetics and Geneses: Developing Political and Ethical Perspectives on Learning
|October 5
|Dr. Shirin Vossoughi, Ph.D.
|View Event
|What's worth teaching? Rethinking Curriculum in the Age of Technology
|October 19
|Dr. Allan Collins, Ph.D.
|View Event
|Learning Across Professions: Examining Teacher Practice
|November 9
|Christopher Fry and
Dr. Alison Castro Superfine, Ph.D
|view event
|Understanding of Student Engagement in Online Learning Supports for an Introductory Biology Course
|November 16
|Dr. Ting Dai, Ph.D.
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|Reducing the Impact of Misconceptions and Misinformation
|November 30
|Dr. Panyiota Kendeou, Ph.D.
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text: Human Rights Observatory US Government Asks High Court to Hear Transgender Military Case The Trump administration is asking the Supreme Court to fast-track cases on the president's decision to prevent certain transgender people from serving in the military. The administration asked the court Friday to take up three cases on the issue. Lower courts had blocked the administration from implementing the policy. A three-judge panel of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals heard arguments in one of the cases in October but hasn't...Read complete article© Voice of America - Friday, November 23, 2018


text:
re: #108 Hecuba's daughter
What is the etiquette for those who are not Christians and follow a different faith? Would standing silently and respectfully be sufficient?
generally when you're visiting a religion that's not yours, taht's what you do. be quite and respectful
he, though is supposed to be the biggest and bestest christian of all times
you know, corinthians and all


text:
Amionx, the California company has won headlines for its explosion-free battery technology; the company expects to license its advance for use in commercial products by the end of 2019. OK, for the record, as we surround ourselves with more lithium-ion-powered devices, lithium-ion batteries are safe and incident-free. The big "but" is that explodingbatteries or batteries catching fire do happen and it would be wonderful if we could figure out how to lower the risk. CNET wrote, "on the rare occasions lithium batteries go wrong, they can go catastrophically wrong."The company with answers is Amionx and its solution is SafeCore.Amy Nordrum wrote about it in IEEE Spectrum: "Amionx says its patented battery technology, called SafeCore, makes it less likely that a battery will explode or catch fire due to thermal runaway."Its time has come. "The continued miniaturization of electronics has given rise to more compact and efficient battery technologies. Unfortunately, it has increased the number of incidents of catastrophic battery failure as well," said Cal Jeffrey in TechSpot.The Amionx team has been working on the challenge: What if lithium-ion batteries could be made to be so reliable that even a catastrophic structural failure—up to and including being pierced by a bullet—wouldn't cause them to explode?Earlier this year, CNET put SafeCore batteries and normal lithium-ion competitors to a range of "torture" tests. The results in brief: "When we stabbed, shot and smashed the "brand X" batteries, they burst into beautiful, brilliant, scary flame. But under identical conditions, the SafeCore batteries didn't catch fire," said Hollister.He described their factory floor with a lithium-ion battery assembly line. The company is a spinout of American Lithium Energy, founded in 2006 by Dr. Jiang Fan and Dr. Robert Spotnitz.How SafeCore works: This is a layer inside the power cell and if something goes wrong it kicks in and the battery stays safe."SafeCore doesn't change the components of the battery itself," said Angela Chen, in The Verge, back in August. "It's an extra layer of material inside the cell that stops the fire before it begins. When triggered by something like too much heat or too-high voltage, the layer breaks the connection between the electrodes and the part of the battery responsible for regulating how the electricity moves through the device. That shuts down the battery entirely."Sean Hollister in CNET said that "the company's scientists discovered a formula they claim could easily be applied to existing battery manufacturing lines—no new machines required."Amionx CEO Jenna King was quoted in CNET: "I think this technology makes sense to ultimately appear in every lithium battery in the world."Several reports said Amionx was in talks with some manufacturers to license the SafeCore tech.How much of an impact will this company's technology actually have down the road? IEEE Spectrum shared some views outside the company: "Paul Kohl, a chemical engineer at Georgia Tech, and Huazhen Fang, a mechanical engineer at the University of Kansas, both say that Amionx is taking a unique approach to battery safety that they haven't seen before." Fang said compared to some other R&D efforts, this technology was "more pragmatic." Source: https://techxplore.com/news/2018-12-lithium-ion-batteries-behavior.htmlRead More>>
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Lithium to remain cornerstone of EV battery technology
Demand for lithium, one of the key materials used in making lithium ion batteries, is rising rapidly. The metal is used in a wide variety of industrial applications including glass, ceramics and greases, but it's the use of lithium as a key component in the batteries that power electric and hybrid electric vehicles that has so excited markets.Lithium does not occur naturally in nature. Instead it is found in a variety of mineral salts which needs to be chemically processed to form the lithium compounds and chemicals required by industry. A number of lithium compounds are used by industry but it is lithium carbonate that is the most commonly used form of lithium, accounting for more than half of total demand. The lithium industry often expresses lithium production and trade in lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) units.If electric vehicles, which rely wholly or partly on electricity stored in batteries as their source of energy, revolutionize road transport in the way many expect, demand for the metal will rise exponentially. China will be at the forefront of this.China is already the world's largest market for EVs, accounting for nearly half of global sales last year. This trend is expected to continue, supported by government policies driving the development and adoption of electric vehicles. This will require a significant increase in both lithium carbonate and increasingly lithium hydroxide, another lithium compound, which is the preferred basis for the next generation of lithium battery technologies.China accounted for slightly more than half of total global production last year producing 123,000 tons LCE, according to statistics from the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association (CNMIA). Of this, 83,000 tons was lithium carbonate with the remainder comprising other compounds like lithium hydroxide, lithium chloride and lithium metal.China is very reliant on imported raw materials with many Chinese producers using concentrated spodumene, a mineral form of the metal mainly imported from Australia, to produce products including lithium carbonate. This is expensive and the cost of producing a ton of lithium carbonate at some Chinese producers using imported spodumene is reported to be more than $10,000 a ton. In contrast, producers like those in Chile that produce lithium carbonate from mineral brines may have costs under $2,500 a ton.Strong lithium demand over the last few years has seen high-cost Chinese producers using imported spodumene set the marginal price. This has been reflected in the average price of imported lithium carbonate, which has more than doubled over the past year and a half, according to customs data. The price of battery-grade material is even higher, with S&P Global Platts assessing battery-grade lithium carbonate CIF North Asia at $17,250/mt in early June.With demand continuing to outstrip supply and prices holding at elevated levels, imports remained strong in the first quarter of this year, rising 13% on the same period in 2017.In a bid to secure future supplies Chinese companies have therefore been looking overseas. China's Tianqi Lithium controls 51% of Talison Lithium, the world's largest spodumene producer, most of which is shipped to China. And in May Tianqi Lithium also bought 24% of Chile's SQM, the world's lowest-cost lithium producer. This should support continuing imports of lithium carbonate into China even whilst a number of new Australian spodumene projects come online.One unique feature of the Chinese electric vehicle market is the popularity of battery (BEV) and plug-in hybrid (PHEV) electric buses. Due to city governments favoring cleaner battery technologies over diesel engines, EV buses last year accounted for over 20% of total sales of buses in China. This contrasts markedly with passenger BEV and PHEV volumes, which although much higher in absolute terms, accounted for under 2.5% of total car sales.A new policy introduced this year to promote development and production of EVs is expected to change the landscape for EVs in China. Though ambitious, it could see annual EV sales reach 7 million units by 2025, accounting for 20% of new passenger car sales.LITHIUM WILL BE A KEY COMPONENT OF BATTERIES FOR MANY YEARSThis increase in battery production will see a significant rise in demand for metals like cobalt, nickel and lithium. Lithium carbonate is currently the predominant form of the metal used by battery makers in China, where it is used in the LFP (lithium-iron-phosphate) batteries that are commonly used by Chinese vehicle manufacturers including BYD, FAW-Volkswagen, Geely and Great Wall Motors.Newer battery technologies like NCA (nickel-cobalt-aluminum) and NMC (nickel-manganese-cobalt) produce more energy for their size than LFP technology, but are more expensive owing to the use of nickel and cobalt. Regardless of the battery technology and the amount and proportions of other metals, the lithium intensity of batteries — the amount of lithium used per unit of energy the battery produces — remains more or less the same. While lithium intensity is expected to decline slightly over the next decade, this will be offset by a shift to larger battery packs to give EVs the range that consumers demand.The next generation of NCA and NMC 811 batteries, which use eight parts nickel to one part each of manganese and cobalt, will favor the use of lithium hydroxide. However, it is likely that LFP batteries will continue to be used in China. LFP batteries do not provide as much energy as an NCA or NMC battery of the same weight, but in addition to being cheaper to produce they have a higher thermal stability, making them safer. NCA batteries in particular can be unstable and prone to overheating, causing fires. LFP batteries are therefore likely to continue to be used in China, especially in vehicles like electric buses where safety is of paramount importance.The battery packs used in BEV and PHEV buses are on average much larger than those found in passenger cars, which means that they have been a significant driver of lithium demand. Indeed, S&P Global Platts estimates that in 2017 buses accounted for around 45% of all lithium demand from the Chinese EV sector.Given the government's desire to reduce air pollution and develop China as a leader in EV technology, we think that commercial vehicles, and buses in particular, will continue to be significant driver of EV penetration in China in the years ahead. Source: https://blogs.platts.com/2018/06/22/lithium-electric-vehicle-battery-technology/Read More>>


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The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint that prevents the onset of anaphase until all chromosomes are properly aligned at the metaphase plate. The encoded protein, which is similar to MAD2L1, is capable of interacting with ADAM9, ADAM15, REV1, and REV3 proteins.
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text: Collateral Consequences of Criminal Conviction: Law, Policy and Practice Contributors: Juno Turner and Christopher M. McNerney, Thomson Reuters, Chapter 6, 2018-2019 Edition Continue reading Contributor, 2018 Treatise Supplement: The Fair Labor Standards Act (BNA/ABA) LA's New "Ban the Box" Ordinance is the Nation's Strongest Christopher M. McNerney, O&G Employment Law Blog, February 24, 2017 Continue reading Contributor, 2017 Treatise Supplement: The Fair Labor Standards Act (BNA/ABA) Concreteness and Spokeo - The Supreme Court's Decision Really Doesn't Do What Employers Say It Does Christopher M. McNerney, O&G Employment Law Blog, August 9, 2016 Continue reading Jennifer Lawrence Says Hollywood Gender Pay Gap Shouldn't be a Part of the Real-Life American Hustle Katherine Blostein and Amy Biegelsen, O&G Employment Law Blog, October 16, 2015 Continue reading A Lawyer for John Doe: Alternative Models for Representing Maryland's Middle Class 13 U. MD. L.J. RACE, RELIGION, GENDER & CLASS 156 (2013) Continue reading Displaying 1 through 7, out of 7


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martini vero
Martini Vero
vero was an art and photography album (hardcover, 228 pages) commissioned by martini as an exploration of authenticity, its nature and ultimate elusiveness. ryan mcginley shot the opening story for us, a poem to young love in the big city.
faith, love, envy and hate. each chapter kicks off with an illustration by the magnificent cecilia carlstedt.
the city of beirut as a phoenix rising from the violence that once defined it


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For more information on cakewalks, there are a number of websites that discuss the cakewalk in more detail - see: He [saw] in Dante clear visual images [and] a concise and luminous language.
Cabrillo and his men found that there was essentially nothing for the Spanish to easily exploit in California, and located at the extreme limits of exploration and trade from Spain it would be left essentially unexplored and unsettled for the next years.
Once the Indians had joined the mission, if they tried to leave, soldiers were sent out to retrieve them. The emergence of networks of interaction that were global in their scope.
And even a few people who genuinely like Facebook and are really loud about it could ruin that for everybody. Certainly, some deists adopted a materialistic determinism that smacked of atheism.
And suppose we got tired of this and wanted to invent Lyft. But that was not the way many orthodox divines saw Peter stearns essay. But these comprise a small fraction of the B-list, not the cream of the crop. Less than a majority of the time: The eastern and northern boundaries of Alta California were very indefinite, as the Spanish, despite a lack of physical presence and settlements, claimed essentially everything in what is now the western United States.
It offered vague tips for how to decide when to use them, but I never felt any kind of enlightenment, or like there had been any work done to resolve the real issue here. Are you smarter than Scott Aaronson and Bryan Caplan? The American Deists which remains the best book on the subject.
The Mexican Colony Law established rules for petitioning for land grants in California; and bythe rules for establishing land grants were codified in the Mexican Reglamento Regulation.
Inadequate Equilibria is a great book, but it raises more questions than it answers. In practice, some lodges have been charged with prejudice against Jews, Catholics, and nonwhites. Lipid peroxidation can produce singlet oxygen, hydroperoxides and lipid epoxides.
Essentially all the cost of the California government what little there was was paid for by these tariffs. About the only way into California from Mexico would now be a to day voyage by sea.
In fact, Harvard instituted a regular series of lectures on natural religion in The following are the names of those present: Lake Arrowhead Early Jazz Band. Finally, an August 21,story in the Globe describes a mass cakewalk at a summer party at the "cottage" north of Toronto of what I believe to be the summer home of Sir Henry Mill Pellatt: The popularity of cakewalks spread even beyond North America to Europe where even Claude Debussy wrote Golliwog's Cakewalk belowa "take" on the cakewalk from a classical composer's point of view.
Further, Scott Aaronson and Bryan Caplan also think you should read it. The people investing in these startups are making a mistake big enough for ordinary people like Eliezer to notice. Every so often, I talk to people about politics and the necessity to see things from both sides.
The same is true, more tragically, for housing prices. Cattle hides and tallowalong with marine mammal fur and other goods, provided the necessary trade articles for mutually beneficial trade.
Every time, we reminded him that time-share salespeople are really convincing liars. The American Deists which remains the best book on the subject.
The second is better than the first, the third is better than the second, and the fourth is the best of all. Franklin never accepted the divinity of Christ, but he did specifically argue for a providential view of history. The second argues against overuse of the Outside View.
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Lake Arrowhead Early Jazz Band. I think you should read Inadequate Equilibria. I believe in evolution.In recent decades, the role of deism in the American founding has become highly charged.
Evangelical and/or "traditional" Protestants have claimed that Christianity was central to the early history of the United States and that the nation was founded on Judeo-Christian principles.
They point to. Category: essays research papers; Title: Review of Stearns' Fat History: Bodies Peter N. Stearns is a Carnegie Mellon history professor and dean, and in his The Industrial Revolution in World History | Westview Press 1 Aug In the fourth edition, noted historian Peter N.
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Stearns George Mason People live in the present. They plan for and worry about the future. History, however, is the study of the past.
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Centralized Monitoring with Hanwell EMS
Manufacturing businesses in multiple sectors, such a food, pharmaceutical and healthcare, often must abide by good practice requirements, providing evidence that products such as vaccines are stored to the correct temperature and humidity levels to maintain product quality. For large manufacturing businesses, historically, monitoring multiple sites has been difficult. Centralized Monitoring with Hanwell EMS enables data from both Hanwell Pro and Hanwell IceSpy hardware to be seamlessly fed into one system, allowing multiple users to access historical data all in one place.
What are the benefits of centralized monitoring?
Centralized monitoring with Hanwell EMS has a range of benefits, including:
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The Hanwell EMS software has been developed to give maximum flexibility and control of data and events, with the platform incorporating interactive tools for analysis and immediate alarm notification. Hanwell Solutions CEO, Ian Robinson, notes:
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To find out more about centralized monitoring with Hanwell EMS software, take a look at the Hanwell EMS Sales sheet or contact our Senior Business Development Manager, Meredith, today.


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Neste Corporation, Press Release, 14 May 2019 at 7.00 am. (EET)
From mid-May onward, customers with the Savonlinja bus company will be able to opt for a lower-emission journey. In cooperation with Neste, Savonlinja is introducing a surcharge, called Green Travel, on the normal bus ticket price. The customer is free to decide the amount of this additional charge.
Savonlinja will use the money collected through the Green Travel service to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by fueling its buses with Neste MY Renewable Diesel™, which is produced entirely from waste and residues.
Source: Savonlinja and Neste launch a low-emission Green Travel service for bus passengers


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It turns on the market's a spot or two in Waco that Chip and Joanna Gaines haven't but lined in shiplap. This gorgeous mid-century residence simply landed available on the market, and it's a beautifully-preserved three-bed, two-and-a-half bathtub home that'll have any trendy design fanatic grabbing a flight to Texas earlier than you'll be able to say "Eames chair." And with a price ticket of $350,000, we're guessing it'll be snapped up fairly quickly.
Inbuilt 1958, the two,728-square-foot house is tucked inside a peaceable, residential neighborhood in Waco. A flat, grassy garden out entrance greets you with tall, mature timber hanging overhead, and a spacious driveway. Step by means of the unique entryway into the stone lobby, a basic trademark of mid-century design. The house options vaulted and beamed ceilings, and loads of home windows that stream in pure mild.
The kitchen is a real remnant from the previous, with impeccably preserved turquoise blue and wooden cabinetry. It overlooks the sunken front room space, the place a wood-burning stone hearth holds middle courtroom subsequent to partitions of glass. The master bedroom is spacious and paying homage to trendy design, whereas the grasp bathtub is a spacious spot with loads of built-in storage. The master bedroom additionally options French doorways that open out to a deck space that overlooks the wooded great thing about pure Texas. It's the right spot to get pleasure from your morning espresso, or a glass of wine at night time. One other house capabilities as both the den or residence workplace, with giant home windows and partitions of built-in storage.
Outdoors, a lined deck and patio is the best spot to entertain friends with yard barbecues. In depth stone-work gives a dose of privateness, whereas the big, fenced-in yard has loads of spots for lounging within the sunshine. Chip and Joanna, eat your hearts out. This one is ours!


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'Sonic The Hedgehog' movie to be redesigned following fan backlash
The forthcoming Sonic The Hedgehog movie is to be redesigned after the first trailer for the film divided fans on social media.
After a character poster previously showed the Sega star looking surprisingly human, the first trailer revealed that Sonic's powers have caused a power outage across the globe, and it isn't long before the US government are on his case with Dr Robotnik (Jim Carrey) – who has been tasked with the job of capturing the titular hero.
Many fans weren't impressed, with one writing: "Well this looks… beyond awful. Why did they put the classic sonic-ring collection sound in 3 times without any special effects to go with it? It's so awkward? Why is this a sonic film and no eggman? It's just Jim Carrey being Jim Carrey, not Eggman. "
"Sonic looks like a Smurfs Snapchat filter (I laughed at the jokes tho, feel like it'll be funny despite the designs)," another added.
Another slammed his appearance but praised the movie, overall: "Sonic's appearance looks horrible but the movie trailer honestly doesn't look bad. Jim Carrey will do a great job, and that kid joke was legit funny."
Now, director Jeff Fowler has taken to Twitter to reveal plans to improve the look of the movie.
Fowler notes that Sega and Paramount Pictures are both "fully committed" to making the big screen adaptation of the character "the BEST he can be."
Although the director did not reveal exactly what was going to be done, it is assumed that they will be reworking the CG to help Sonic match the look fans are familiar with.
The full trailer comes after the first look at Jim Carrey as Dr Robotnik leaked online recently.
Sonic The Hedgehog will hit cinemas in November 2019.


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Travel view of Venice featuring Palace Ducal doge. The image location is Venice in Italy, Europe.
Travel view of Venice featuring Palace Ducal doge. The image location is Venice in Italy, Europe.
Category:San Marco square photo. The photo "Venice Palace Ducal doge" is free for private or commercial use. This free photo may be used for different types of artworks, like digital presentations, books, web design, videogames, exibitions and more. Additional details are available in the faq section. The full stock photos collection includes thousands of photos; more photos related to "Venice Palace Ducal doge" are available in the section San Marco square.
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Just The Right Words
Hello crafty friends! Have you ever struggled to find just the right words for a special friend or birthday celebration? Well struggle no more!
Tip: To purchase any of the items featured today just click on the underlined links and you will be taken to the Paper Wishes product page.
The Card Making Magic Birthday Sentiments Stamp Set is loaded with charming Birthday sentiments that can be mixed and matched.
I paired one of these sentiments with Double Stitched Oval Cutting Dies, Squares & Crosses Border Cutting Dies and Country Chic Paper Pack.
A Brown Ribbon bow and sweet Sea Breeze Garden Seeds Flowers add the finishing touches.
The Card Making Magic Heartfelt Sentiments Stamp Set is full of lovely friendship greetings that are perfect in the best and worst of times.
Debbie used a sweet Friend sentiment and paired with it Midnight Jewels Paper Pack and Frames And Tags Collection Vanessa Cutting Dies.
After die cutting the beautiful frame from the blue/purple Midnight Jewels paper, Debbie die cut another frame from white cardstock, cut it into 1/4 pieces and glued a piece of each card corner. I love how she added Ocean Wave Sparkletz for a little glamour!
Remember to purchase any of the items featured today just click on the underlined links and you will be taken to the Paper Wishes product page.
Thanks for joining me today!
Happy crafting
LeNae Gerig


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Coming Attraction: Live Game Blog – Panthers At Broncos: Caddyshack II
Thursday night marks the return of the NFL and a rare Super Bowl rematch to start the 2016 season. Over seven months after the Panthers and Broncos nearly put America into a coma with a boring Super Bowl, they are back at it again in the opener. Advertisements