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Domino Effect 3 Sink or Swim
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Domino Effect 3 Sink or Swim is a story about Kelly Alderson; the wife of Danny Alderson from Domino Effect 2 Grab Death by the Horns, and Kelly's son Brad Alderson. Kelly has a premonition of the Oakstown tunnel caving in as they were about to go in it. She then warns her son along with 10 other people about what will happen. One of those people include Joe Freeman; father of Bobby Freeman from Domino Effect 2. The pressure from Hurricane Irenabel, mixture of Hurricane Irene and Hurricane Isabel that both hit Richmond, Virginia, causes the tunnel to cave in, but all the people Kelly warns are saved as they all listen to her, run away from their cars, and run out of the tunnel as it caves in. A year later all of those people start to die off one by one in many gruesome accidents which cause those people to die. Kelly tries to warn all those people about what will happen to them but they don't listen to her and end up dying later on in bizarre accidents.
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Product Details
- 9781329767218
- Copyright
- Stephen Keck (Standard Copyright License)
- Edition
- Third Edition
- Publisher
- Stephen Keck
- Published
- December 16, 2015
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 138
- Binding
- Perfect-bound Paperback
- Interior Ink
- Black & white
- Weight
- 0.57 lbs.
- Dimensions (inches)
- 6 wide x 9 tall
- Product ID
- 22488770
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Getting Coffee, two minutes ago. - The Mighty Viking
So there I was, in the back of the Sonar shack of the USS Shark, SSN 591, conducting a secret safe inventory prior to getting underway. I'll never forget that day. I was waist-deep in inventory sheets and publications, pressed against the back wall because someone with a left-handed brain and a right-handed manual had …
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0162-8828 2013 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission.See http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information.
Fig. 2. All the images shown in this figure are related to palm trees. Theyare different in color, shape, and texture.
there have been a number of studies to map visual features to a set of predefined concepts or attributes assemantic signatures [9], [10], [11], [12]. For example,Kovashka et al. [12] proposed a system which refinedimage search with relative attribute feedback. Usersdescribed their search intention with reference imagesand a set of pre-defined attributes. These concepts andattributes are pre-trained offline and have tolerance withvariation of visual content. However, these approachesare only applicable to closed image sets of relatively smallsizes, but not suitable for online web-scale image re-ranking. According to our empirical study, images retrievedby 120 query keywords alone include more than 1,500concepts. It is difficult and inefficient to design a hugeconcept dictionary to characterize highly diverse webimages. Since the topics of web images change dynamically, it is desirable that the concepts and attributes can beautomatically found instead of being manually defined.
all the images in the pool are associated with the querykeyword according to the word-image index file, they allhave pre-computed semantic signatures in the samesemantic space specified by the query keyword. Oncethe user chooses a query image, these semantic signatures are used to compute image similarities for re-ranking. The semantic correlation of reference classes isincorporated when computing the similarities.
A large rI w indicates that w appears in a good number of images visual similar to I. If w only exists in asmall number of images or the images containing w arevisually dissimilar to one another, rI w would be zerofor most I. Therefore, if w has a high accumulated ranking score rw, it should be found among a large numberof images in Sq and some images with w are visuallysimilar in the meanwhile. The P words with highestscores are selected to form the keyword expansions Eq,which define the reference classes. We choose T 3,D 16, P 30, and the size of Sq is 1; 000.An intuitive way of finding keyword expansions couldbe first clustering images with visual/textual features andthen finding the most frequent word in each cluster asthe keyword expansion. We do not adopt this approachfor two reasons. Images belonging to the same semanticconcept (e.g., apple laptop) have certain visual diversity(e.g., due to variations of viewpoints and colors of laptops). Therefore, one keyword expansion falls into severalimage clusters. Similarly, one image cluster may haveseveral keyword expansions with high frequency, becausesome concepts have overlaps on images. For examples, an
5. The words are extracted from filenames, ALT tags and surrounding text of images, after being stemmed and removing stop words.
classes are most relevant to the query keyword q. The relevance is defined by Eq. (2). Meanwhile, we require that theselected reference classes are dissimilar with each othersuch that they are diverse enough to characterize differentaspects of its keyword. The distinctiveness is measured bythe P P matrix D defined in Section 4.3. The two criteriaare simultaneously satisfied by solving the following optimization problem.We introduce an indicator vector y 2 f0; 1gP such thatyi 1 indicates reference class i is selected and yi 0 indicates it is removed. y is estimated by solving,(5)arg max Ry yT Dy :y2f0;1gP
0:5pwju 0:5pwjCnw :
di 2E w2di
the color and shape features are combined to compute a single semantic signature, it cannot well characterize the imageof green apple. Since the green apple is dissimilar toany reference class when jointly considering color andshape, the semantic signature has low distributions over allthe reference classes.Then the distance between two images I a and I b isdI a ; I b
wk pa;k pb;k 1 ;
a;kpa;ki ln pi :
TABLE 1Descriptions of Data Sets
Query-specific visual semantic space using single signatures (QSVSS Single). For an image, a single semanticsignature is computed from one SVM classifiertrained by combining all types of visual features. Query-specific visual semantic space using multiple signatures (QSVSS Multiple). For an image, multiplesemantic signatures are computed from multipleSVM classifiers, each of which is trained on one typeof visual features separately.QSVSS Single and QSVSS Multiple do not use textualfeatures to compute semantic signatures and do not incorporate semantic correlation between reference classes. Thetwo improvements are evaluated in Sections 6.5 and 6.6.The visual features in all the six approaches above are thesame as [6]. The parameters of our approaches mentionedin Sections 4 and 5 are tuned in a small separate data setand fixed in all the experiments.The averaged top m precisions on data sets I, II, and IIIare shown in Fig. 5a, 5b, and 5c. Our approach significantly outperforms Global Weighting and AdaptiveWeighting, which directly compare visual features. Ondata set I, the averaged top 10 precision is enhanced from44.41 percent (Adaptive Weighting) to 55.12 percent(QSVSS Multiple). 24.1 percent relative improvement isachieved. Figs. 5d and 5e show the histograms of improvements of averaged top 10 precision of the 120 query keywords on data set I and II by comparing QSVSS Multiplewith Adaptive Weighting. Fig. 5f shows the improvementson the 10 query keywords on data set III. Our approachalso outperforms pseudo-relevance feedback.
Fig. 5. (a)-(c) Averaged top m precisions on data sets I, II, III. (d) and (e) Histograms of improvements of averaged top 10 precisions on data sets Iand II by comparing QSVSS Multiple with Adaptive Weighting. (f) Improvements of averaged top 10 precisions on the 10 query keywords on data setIII by comparing QSVSS Multiple with Adaptive Weighting.
Computing multiple semantic signatures from separate visual features has higher precisions than computinga single semantic signature from combined features. Itcosts more online computation since the dimensionalityof multiple semantic signatures is higher. Fig. 6 showsthe sensitivity of QSVSS Multiple and QSVSS Single tothe choice of parameters a and b in Eq. (4). They arerobust in certain ranges. Comparing Figs. 5a and 5b, ifthe testing images for re-ranking and the images of reference classes are collected from different search engines,the performance is slightly lower than the case whenthey are collected from the same search engine. But it isstill much higher than matching visual features. It indicates that we can utilize images from various sources tolearn query-specific semantic spaces. As shown inFig. 5c, even if the testing images and the images of reference classes are collected eleven months apart, queryspecific semantic spaces are still effective. Comparedwith Adaptive Weighting, the averaged top 10 precisionhas been improved by 6.6 percent and the averaged top100 precision has been improved by 9.3 percent. Thisindicates that once the query-specific semantic spaces arelearned, they can remain effective for a long time.
Fig. 6. Averaged top 20 precisions on Data set III when (a) choosing different a while fixing b 30; and (b) choosing different b while fixinga 0:6.
Fig. 9. Incorporating semantic correlations among reference classes. (a)-(c) Single visual semantic signatures with/without sematic correlation. (d)-(f)Multiple visual & textual semantic signatures with/without sematic correlation.
Fig. 11. Examples of results of initial text-based search, image re-ranking by Adaptive Weighting [6] and by QSVSS Multiple. The red crosses indicate the images irrelevant to the query image. Examples that QSVSS Multiple has a better (a) or worse (b) result than Adaptive Weighting accordingto the user study.
TABLE 2Performance of Image Re-Ranking without Selecting Query Images on the MSRA-MM V1.0 Data Set
The values in the parentheses are the NDCG@m improvements over initial search.
Fig. 12. The NDCG@m improvements over initial search, i.e., the difference between NDCG@m after re-ranking and that without re-ranking.
Compared with the initial result, the NDCG@m improvements of the three approaches in [17], [28] are 0:007, 0.008and 0.021, while the improvements become 0.029, 0.052 and0.067 when their features are placed with query-specificsemantic signatures.
We propose a novel framework, which learns query-specific semantic spaces to significantly improve the effectiveness and efficiency of online image re-ranking. Thevisual features of images are projected into their relatedsemantic spaces automatically learned through keywordexpansions offline. The extracted semantic signatures canbe 70 times shorter than the original visual features,while achieve 25-40 percent relative improvement on reranking precisions over state-of-the-art methods.In the future work, our framework can be improvedalong several directions. Finding the keyword expansionsused to define reference classes can incorporate othermetadata and log data besides the textual and visual features. For example, the co-occurrence information of keywords in user queries is useful and can be obtained in logdata. In order to update the reference classes over time inan efficient way, how to adopt incremental learning [72]under our framework needs to be further investigated.Although the semantic signatures are already small, it ispossible to make them more compact and to furtherenhance their matching efficiency using other technologiessuch as hashing [76].
ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis work was partially supported by Hong Kong SARthrough RGC project 416510 and by Guangdong Provincethrough Introduced Innovative R&D Team of GuangdongProvince 201001D0104648280.
R. Datta, D. Joshi, and J.Z. Wang, Image Retrieval: Ideas, Influences, and Trends of the New Age, ACM Computing Surveys,vol. 40, article 5, 2007.A.W.M. Smeulders, M. Worring, S. Santini, A. Gupta, and R. Jain,Content-Based Image Retrieval, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis andMachine Intelligence, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1349-1380, Dec. 2000.Y. Rui, T.S. Huang, M. Ortega, and S. Mehrotra, Relevance Feedback: A Power Tool for Interactive Content-Based ImageRetrieval, IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems for Video Technology,vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 644-655, Sept. 1998.X.S. Zhou and T.S. Huang, Relevance Feedback in ImageRetrieval: A Comprehensive Review, Multimedia Systems, vol. 8,pp. 536-544, 2003.D. Tao, X. Tang, X. Li, and X. Wu, Asymmetric Bagging and Random Subspace for Support Vector Machines-Based RelevanceFeedback in Image Retrieval, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis andMachine Intelligence, vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 1088-1099, July 2006.J. Cui, F. Wen, and X. Tang, Real Time Google and Live ImageSearch Re-Ranking, Proc. 16th ACM Intl Conf. Multimedia, 2008.J. Cui, F. Wen, and X. Tang, Intent Search: Interactive on-LineImage Search Re-Ranking, Proc. 16th ACM Intl Conf. Multimedia,2008.X. Tang, K. Liu, J. Cui, F. Wen, and X. Wang, Intent Search: Capturing User Intention for One-Click Internet Image Search, IEEETrans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 34, no. 7,pp. 1342-1353, July 2012.N. Rasiwasia, P.J. Moreno, and N. Vasconcelos, Bridging theGap: Query by Semantic Example, IEEE Trans. Multimedia, vol. 9,no. 5, pp. 923-938, Aug. 2007.C. Lampert, H. Nickisch, and S. Harmeling, Learning to DetectUnseen Object Classes by Between-Class Attribute Transfer,Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR),2009.Q. Yin, X. Tang, and J. Sun, An Associate-Predict Model for FaceRecognition, Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2011.A. Kovashka, D. Parikh, and K. Grauman, WhittleSearch: ImageSearch with Relative Attribute Feedback, Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2012.R. Fergus, P. Perona, and A. Zisserman, A Visual Category Filterfor Google Images, Proc. Eighth European Conf. Computer Vision(ECCV), 2004.R. Fergus, L. Fei-Fei, P. Perona, and A. Zisserman, LearningObject Categories from Googles Image Search, Proc. 10th IEEEIntl Conf. Computer Vision (ICCV), 2005.W. Hsu, L. Kennedy, and S.F. Chang, Video Search Rerankingvia Information Bottleneck Principle, Proc. 14th Ann. ACM IntlConf. Multimedia, 2006.F. Schroff, A. Criminisi, and A. Zisserman, Harvesting ImageDatabases from the Web, Proc. IEEE 11th Intl Conf. ComputerVision (ICCV), 2007.W. Hsu, L. Kennedy, and S.F. Chang, Video Search Rerankingthrough Random Walk over Document-Level Context Graph,Proc. ACM 15th Intl Conf. Multimedia, 2007.M. Fritz and B. Schiele, Decomposition, Discovery and Detectionof Visual Categories Using Topic Models, Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2008.T. Berg and D. Forsyth, Animals on the Web, Proc. IEEE Conf.Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2008.D. Grangier and S. Bengio, A Discriminative Kernel-Based Modelto Rank Images from Text Queries, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysisand Machine Intelligence, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 1371-1384, Aug. 2008.Y. Jing and S. Baluja, Visual Rank: Applying Page Rank to LargeScale Image Search, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and MachineIntelligence, vol. 30, no. 11, pp. 1877-1890, Nov. 2008.L. Yang and A. Hanjalic, Supervised Reranking for Web ImageSearch, Proc. ACM Intl Conf. Multimedia, 2010.
[73] M. Unser, Texture Classification and Segmentation Using Wavelet Frames, IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 4, no. 11, pp. 15491560, Nov. 1995.[74] A. Torralba, K. Murphy, W. Freeman, and M. Rubin, ContextBased Vision System for Place and Object Recognition, Proc.Ninth IEEE Intl Conf. Computer Vision (ICCV), 2003.[75] M. Sahami and T.D. Heilman, A Web-Based Kernel Function forMeasuring the Similarity of Short Text Snippets, Proc. 15th IntlConf. World Wide Web (WWW), 2006.[76] A. Andoni and P. Indyk, Near-Optimal Hashing Algorithms forApproximate Nearest Neighbor in High Dimensions, Comm.ACM, vol. 51, pp. 117-122, 2008.Xiaogang Wang (S03-M10) received the BSdegree from the University of Science and Technology of China in 2001, the MS degree fromChinese University of Hong Kong in 2004, andthe PhD degree in computer science from theMassachusetts Institute of Technology. He is currently an assistant professor in the Department ofElectronic Engineering at the Chinese Universityof Hong Kong. His research interests includecomputer vision and machine learning. Hereceived the Outstanding Young ResearcherAward in Automatic Human Behaviour Analysis in 2011, and the HongKong Early Career Award in 2012.Shi Qiu received the BS degree in electronicengineering from Tsinghua University, China, in2009. He is currently working toward the PhDdegree in the Department of Information Engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.His research interests include image search andcomputer vision.
Ke Liu received the BS degree in computer science from Tsinghua University, China, in 2009.He is currently working toward the MPhil degreein the Department of Information Engineering atthe Chinese University of Hong Kong. Hisresearch interests include image search andcomputer vision.


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The use of the metal lead in the Bible.
The books of the Bible are a good source for examining the level of technical knowledge in ancient Jewish society. This article will focus on what Jews in ancient times knew about the metal lead and its compounds. Besides recognition of the uses of lead, I have also considered some lead compounds referred to in biblical literature and whether literature of the period betokens an awareness of lead toxicity.
The metal lead (Pb) is relatively easy to extract from its ores. Signs of its mining have been found dating as far back as 6400 BCE in Anatolia, part of modern Turkey. Lead is usually found in ores together with zinc, silver, and copper. Metallic lead was produced by heat treating the ore in furnaces. (1) When lead ore was heated, the waste might still contain copper, zinc, cadmium, silver, gold, and bismuth. Later, the silver and gold could easily be removed. In the Bronze Age, lead was used together with antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As). The largest utilization of lead was documented in the period of the Roman Empire. More than 60,000 tons were produced as a byproduct of silver smelting. In physical properties, lead is malleable (hardness = 1.5 on the Moh's scale), has a high density (11.4 grams/cc), and is easy to smelt (melting point, 327.46 C[degrees]). (2) Since its melting point is considerably lower than that of iron (1535 C[degrees]), it is easier to shape using ancient technology. In Roman society, lead was used to produce water pipes, pins to secure large limestone blocks, and in the manufacture of dishes. Until the 17th century, the name for lead was often confused with that of tin. Lead was defined as Plumbum negrum (black lead) and tin as Plumbum candidum (bright lead). This ambivalence shows up in the biblical text as well. (3)
The Israelites regarded lead one of the materials worth taking as booty after they defeated the Midianites (Num. 31:9-21), but ritual cleansing was needed: Gold and silver, copper, iron, tin, and lead [oferet]--any article that can withstand fire--these you shall pass through fire and they shall be clean (Num. 31:22-23). Ezekiel the prophet recalls that lead was traded with merchants from distant Tarshish along with silver, iron, and tin: Tarshish traded with you because of your wealth of all kinds of goods; they bartered silver, iron, tin, and lead for your wares (Ezek. 27:12; cf. Jer. 10:9).
Lead may have been obtained from the mines of Gebel Rusas near the Red Sea. (4) There were several functioning mines in the Sinai Peninsula. A remarkably detailed description of mining for ores is given in the Book of Job (28:1-18), where the difficulties of mining are portrayed together with a compassionate account of the harsh lives of the miners.
We also gather from an extra-biblical source, the Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, that in 841 BCE the Assyrian monarch received precious tribute from Jehu King of Israel, including gold, silver, and lead. (5)
The Bible refers specifically to the physical properties of lead. In the Song of the Sea, for example, it is said of the drowning Egyptian charioteers that they sank like lead in the majestic waters (Ex. 15:10), emphasizing the high specific gravity of lead. There is a similar allusion to this metal's weight in the Apocrypha: What is heavier than lead? (Ben Sira 22:14).
We also find specific uses for lead. The prophet Zechariah notes the use of a lead disk as the heavy cover for a tub: The disk of lead was lifted, revealing a woman seated in a tub ... and he pressed the leaden weight into its mouth (Zech. 5:7-8). Job, on the other hand, would have liked his words to be written down, incised on a rock forever with iron stylus and lead (Job 19:23-24).
The most frequent use of lead in the Bible, however, is in a plumb line. A plummet or plumb line consists of a vertically held cord which has a lead weight at one end to determine precise vertical direction. This has been the typical use of lead in construction work and the Book of Kings describes its function: I will stretch over Jerusalem the measuring line of Samaria and the plummet of the House of Ahab (II Kgs. 21:13). In a fascinating passage, the prophet Amos has a vision in which God showed him a plumb line: The Lord ... was standing on a wall checked with a plumb line with a plumb line in His hand. And the Lord asked me, 'Amos, what do you see?' 'A plumb line,' I replied. Then the Lord said, 'Behold, I am setting a plumb line in the midst of My people Israel' (Amos 7:78). Isaiah expresses the use of the plummet's function in a similar way: I will apply judgment as a measuring line and retribution as a plummet (Isa. 28:17).
Zechariah tells of the plummet held by Zerubbabel: For whoever despised the day of small beginnings shall see with joy the plummet [even ha-bedil] in the hand of Zerubbabel (Zech. 4:10). The word bedil employed here usually means "tin", but the phrase only makes scientific sense if it refers to lead. There is no evidence in other biblical texts for the use of tin as a plummet.
Most books of the Bible that mention lead point to the refining of metals by pyrotechnology. For example, as stated earlier, Moses commanded the Israelite warriors to cleanse the metal objects they had acquired by passing them through fire (Num. 31:22-23). The frequent use of metallurgical imagery to illustrate moral issues or ethical principles indicates that people were familiar with the processes and so understood the allusions and metaphors. Metal refining is most often used symbolically to illustrate the purification of Israel: The bellows blow fiercely; the lead is consumed by fire. Yet the smelter labors in vain, for the wicked are not removed (Jer. 6:29). Similarly, Ezekiel warns: The House of Israel has become dross; they are all copper, tin, iron, and lead in the midst of the furnace ... Just as fire is blown to melt them, so will I blow upon you the fire of My wrath and you shall be melted in a crucible (Ezek. 22:18-21).
Lead ores occur in several mineral forms. Minium ([Pb.sub.3][O.sub.4]) is a naturally occurring lead ore which has a beautiful wine red color. Its name was acquired in the Imperial Roman era. Some forms of cinnabar (Mercury sulfide, HgS) are coated with minium, and could therefore be misidentified in the text, but they are totally different minerals. While minium occurs in lead deposits, it can also be prepared from lead in oxidizing conditions. These pigments were used in ancient manuscripts, for decorating walls, and as cosmetic materials. (6)
Ezekiel and Jeremiah vividly describe luxurious Babylonian palaces where one can see men portrayed upon the walls, figures of Chaldeans drawn in vermilion [shashar] (Ezek. 23:14); spacious upper chambers provided with windows, paneled in cedar, painted with vermilion [shashar] (Jer. 22:14). The red pigment used could have been iron ochre ([Fe.sub.2][O.sub.3]) or cinnabar (HgS), but was more probably minium. The word shashar used in these texts is related to the Akkadian term for minium (sasu). (7) The most commonly found lead ore is the bluish gray mineral galena (PbS), which was used as a cosmetic. Eye makeup was well known in the Bible (II Kgs. 9:30; Jer. 4:30; Ezek. 23:40) and in the Mishnah (Berakhot 7:3; Kelim 13:2, 16:8; Makkot 3:6; Shabbat 8:3, 10:6).
The Bible demonstrates that lead was mined, traded, and used for many different purposes in ancient Israel. Lead compounds were also utilized in art and cosmetics. Lead water pipes were later installed in King Herod's palace, and the Jordan river bed near Jerusalem was lined with lead. (8) Thus, in biblical times, lead poisoning may well have occurred in Judea, but there is scant evidence that people were aware of lead toxicity.
However, I have found one biblical reference to symptoms that could be attributed to lead poisoning: It is related that King Asa in his old age suffered from a foot ailment (I Kgs. 15:23) and that Asa, in the thirty-ninth year of his reign, suffered from a foot ailment which became severe (II Chron. 16:12). This illness may have been gout and the result of lead toxicity. (9)
There is evidently knowledge of this affliction in the Talmud (TJ Shabbat 14.14, Avodah Zarah 2.40). When R. Joshua ben Levi fell ill with kolos (a type of colic), R. Hanina bar Hama prescribed treating it with grated cress soaked in old wine. (10) This potion was an accepted antidote for lead poisoning. Pliny also referred to the same type of colic during the reign of Tiberius (14-37 CE).
I consulted Professor Aren Maeir (Bar Ilan University) regarding the possible lead content of bones or food unearthed in his recent excavation of an ancient Philistine site in Israel. No trace of lead content was found in the bones. I also consulted Mrs. Vera Kestenberg, who was a member of the research team studying lead disease at Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore). The earliest evidence for lead content in food and body parts that they found was in samples from the excavations at Pompeii. On the basis of my own research, I conclude that our ancestors perhaps recognized the symptoms of lead disease, but did not connect them to lead consumption.
Clarifying this matter is a task that future archaeologists could undertake. If ancient bones in today's Judea could be tested for lead content, the data obtained might tell us if lead poisoning seriously affected our ancestors or if it was just a rare occurrence. Such data could also ascertain whether class distinction in Jewish society had any effect on the level of lead toxicity. (11)
Susan Meschel attended the Technical University in Budapest, Hungary, and continued to study chemistry at the University of Chicago (M.S., PhD). She taught at the University of Chicago and Roosevelt University and was involved in research in high temperature thermodynamics. She is currently Adjunct Professor at the Illinois Institute of Technology in the Materials Science Department.
The author wishes to thank Dr M. Schmelzer for his recommendation of the book by Immanuel Loew. This paper is dedicated to the most influential rabbis in my life: Professor Sandor Scheiber, Rabbi Ira Eisenstein, Rabbi Daniel Leifer and Rabbi Eliot Gertel.
(1.) J. R. Partington, Origins and Development of Applied Science (London: Longmans, Green and Co., 1935) pp. 493-5.
(2.) T. B. Massalski, H. Okamoto, P. R. Subramanian and L. Kacprzak, eds., Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams (second ed., Metals Park, OH: ASTM, 1990).
(3.) I. Loew: Fauna und Mineralien der Juden (Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1969) pp. 270-282.
(4.) Partington, op. cit.
(5.) Ibid., p. 495.
(6.) Nragu: Lead and Lead Poisoning in Antiquity (New York: John Wiley and Sons) pp. 11-12, 148, 285-299.
(7.) Partington, op. cit.; Loew, op. cit.
(8.) Nragu, op. cit.
(9.) Ibid.
(10.) Ibid.
(11.) A. G. Gilfillan, "Lead poisoning and the fall of Rome," Journal of Occupational Medicine, vol. 7 (2) (1970), pp. 53-60; J. E. Dutrizac, J. B. O'Reilly, R. J. C. MacDonald, "Roman lead plumbing: did it really contribute to the decline and fall of the Empire?," The Metallurgical Society of CIM, vol. 75, (1982) pp. 111-115.
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|Lashon Hakodesh: History, Holiness and Hebrew.


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MONTREAL (AP) — The World Anti-Doping Agency's athletes committee sent a letter to the agency's executives supporting its leader's decision to withdraw from an investigation into whether she was bullied during a recent meeting.
The WADA executive committee reviewed the investigation Wednesday before receiving the letter from the athletes' group, which is led by Beckie Scott.
Scott and U.S. Anti-Doping Agency chair Edwin Moses have reported being mistreated in the wake of WADA's decision last year to reinstate Russia's banned anti-doping agency. Both Olympians declined to participate in the investigation.
The letter, a copy of which was seen by The Associated Press, said "to treat these two outstanding athletes in this manner is totally unacceptable and WADA owes them both an apology and a fair, independent investigation."
WADA is expected to receive recommendations from the law firm that conducted the probe at its meeting Thursday.


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Congratulations Sarah and Taryn, the lucky winners of this reCap giveaway! A big thank you to all that entered!
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Sometimes writers make choices that upset us. Characters, like real people, project themselves into the future, imagining when certain tasks or undertakings will be finished and what their achievements will look like. See Robeson, Paul, —39 dramaturgical essays Romeo and Juliet programs, reading as transitional Shakespeare77, —23, activity, 1—2 —97 pronouns, 28, 48—49, 52, 60, Rosa, Dennis, 91,proofreading, 8—9, 20, 52 Rose, Dale AJ,—58 punctuation, 36—37, 77, 78,Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead Stoppard21—24 Purdy, Claude, Rough Crossing Stoppard—26 quotations in essays, 17, 32, Royal Family, The Kaufman andFerber47—48 Royal Hunt of the Sun ShafferRabb, Ellis, 20—21, 28, 30—31 —60 Racine, Jean, —55 Rozovsky, Mark, 71—75 radio, effects of, —64 Rubin, Leon, 63, 77 reference works, 9, 34, 45 Rudman, Bill, regional theatre, 11, Terse Tales, a collection of original, Twitter-length stories by Christopher Ryan.
More flash fiction examples Want more flash fiction examples, including pieces of specific lengths?
Imagine your character has gone hiking in a forest on a mountainside. Beginning with an introduction that outlines the purpose of the dramaturgical essay as well as its usefulness as a tool for teaching how to write for the theatre, Londre provides numerous examples of this specialized literary genre culled from program essays she has written for the Missouri Repertory Theatre, Nebraska Shakespeare Festival, Heart of America Shakespeare Festival, American Heartland Theatre, and Cincinnati Playhouse in the Park.
Read the first paragraph of a short story or novel, then close the book and write a final paragraph. Imagine your character has a favourite place they escape to whenever they feel stressed or need quality alone time. Marie had stared thin-lipped at the appliance and said nothing. Sometimes it is hard not repeating the same word in short succession or you do so intentionally for effect.
A teenage couple is sitting at a restaurant, playfully making up a fake Cosmo love test for each other. Example 3 -- Writing Prompt: Great characters are light and shade.
Point of view, tense, dialogue, character and more. If my character were an animal what would she be and why? She opens strong immediately by mentioning her guides are insanely useful.
Character development makes your characters feel real. The host introduces them to each other, unaware of their history. Now take a look at the buttons on your site. Just look at this headline from BuzzFeed:Nov 05, · Flash fiction is a relatively new creative writing form. This article describes the form, provides examples and writing prompts, and links to flash fiction contests and publishers.
MORE - Use the following words in a story: bells, ache, grave.
- You open a dusty box. Write a Reviews: 6. Nov 01, · ""Words at Play: Creative Writing and Dramaturgy"" contains more than sixty complete essays and pertinent selections from twenty others.3/5(2).
I was lucky enough to learn the art of dramaturgy from one of the best, Dr. Felicia Hardison Londré who is a Curators' Professor of Theatre at the University of Missouri-‐ Kansas City (UMKC) and author of several books including Words at Play: Creative Writing and Dramaturgy ().
May 30, · Words at Play by Felicia Hardison Londre,available at Book Depository with free delivery worldwide. ""Words at Play: Creative Writing and Dramaturgy"" includes Londre's essays on plays produced at several regional professional theatre companies interspersed with instructive examples for writing more clearly, economically 3/5(2).
Words at Play (paperback). In this encompassing and accessible introduction to dramaturgy, Felicia Hardison Londré promotes the dramaturgical essay as both an art form and as a method for improving creative writing skills.
Home > Ergodebooks > Words at Play: Creative Writing and Dramaturgy (Theater in the A Note: Cover may not represent actual copy or condition available Words at Play: Creative Writing and Dramaturgy (Theater in the Americas).Download


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FlameHalbrdOkido (NA): > [{quoted}](name=Hige,realm=NA,application-id=Ag8jgd8Q,discussion-id=O1QfF7qw,comment-id=000200080000,timestamp=2019-02-20T00:55:06.548+0000) > > please tell me when did anyone see kayle and thought she was a tank? like I understand the argument but she never looked tanky to anyone It's more of a principle thing, for gameplay, lots of heavy armor is what tanks wear. WE don't think she looks tanky cause we kno she's not a tank, but to new comers she does, I've asked a few peeps who didn't play the game.
I have played this game since beta and at NO point during any of her iterations I could have thought she was a tank, design flexibility is far more important than visual readability, specially if you have hit a great spot as in kayle where heavy armor didn't hint for her being a tank in the slightest mostly because of how slender her figure was If what you say rings true then Leona needs to wear a TON more armor because the only thing about her design that screams: IM A TANK is her shield
FlameHalbrdOkido (NA): They reduced Kayle's armor because she isn't a tank. Her VU brings her up to current visual standards. She's a damage dealer thus less armor to sell that purpose, she was nvr about the armor anyways she was about dealing damage. It cool and that's the look she shipped with but that much armor is visually misleading. Also people should probably stop relating Kayle to Samus as her boob shaped chest plate gave away her gender. Honestly she hasn't really been sexualized THAT much, maybe a little, but the focus is more on her power angel themes hence the 4-6 glowing wings and light armor, and I think the 6 wings makes her not stereotypical. Morg is missing her main wings since she lost them when she became "grounded" hence giving the appearance that her main wings are on her butt
please tell me when did anyone see kayle and thought she was a tank? like I understand the argument but she never looked tanky to anyone
Why have bulky armor when you're meant to fly, heal, and become invincible?
Definitely not heavy armor, however, armor can take many many shapes as we see it on her thighs and shoulders, she is supposed to be a homage of samus, a character who is completely ambiguous when wearing her suit but that's out of the window now, she's also supposed to embody righteousness to the point of restricting oneself's image in armor, it's not a matter of gameplay it's a matter of thematics, kayle showing the shape of her body makes no sense
CaptainMårvelous (NA): Gotta say: Not a fan of Kayle's new look.
I didn't like either of them, everything about Kayle being an homage of samus is now gone and Morgana is honestly just Laylamon from Digimon, like seriously, google it, it's almost the exact same palette and shape here: https://vignette.wikia.nocookie.net/digimon/images/c/c0/Laylamon_b.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20081104180307
RallerenP (EUW): > I dont have a reform card Then what does it say when you're trying to log in?
"your account has been indefinitely suspended, please contact support..."
Imperial Pandaa (NA): Out of curiosity, would you screen shot and post your reform card? If it says indefinitely and nothing about scripting/griefing/chat then it is possible they placed a shield ban on your account.
I dont have a reform card ._. not on my email nor when I try logging in... I also think it's shield ban but the non response got me worried a bit... though I do understand it's the weekend so...
|Rioter Comments
|new Comments
Vekkna (NA): Oh god, I'm so tired of hearing this. It's 2018. The colors on a skin do not tax the fucking engine. It's the way it is because that's how Riot wants it, because purging detail adds "readability." In other words, they dumb down the visuals for the esport viewer.
You are absolutely right but that's what I meant with the engine limitations, they are limited to tiny characters which details cannot be microscopic, readability is a big deal as you said but they took a wrong turn by making the fangs too wide, that's all
SEKAI (OCE): > [{quoted}](name=Hige,realm=NA,application-id=6kFXY1kR,discussion-id=tyl3nAEg,comment-id=000100000000,timestamp=2018-05-16T02:13:11.590+0000) > > well for starters I was talking about the literal monster jaw bone that hangs around his shoulder, if you take a look on the pics you can find on surrender@20, those are oriented differently than the ones you see on the concept art. Either way, Pyke does remove his bandana for a few of his animations so we can actually see his face which is incredibly different than the one presented here, his skin color is definitely not the same either > > but if you see these 2 designs like one and the same I really don't have anything to discuss with you, it's more than obvious that you lack both vision for design and a critical mind, odd thing that you lurk around the story and art forum, people in here is supposed to have a bit of knowledge about what they write One can easily see why Pyke's shoulder jaw got trimmed, given it's the same reasons why Poppy's rework used to have a cape in her concept but has currently been reduced to a scarf or sort. Because it's too visually busy. And no, his face is not "incredibly different" (outside of the missing hair from the concept) and even if it objectively is so you still literally almost never see anything below the eyes so it's really not like it remotely matters, nor is that his skin colour is any more different than his concept art beyond incredibly minor differences among the shades of dark brown. And your last comment there is also why I see that you're pretentious as shit.
No, his shoulder jaw didn't even got trimmed, they switched both it's position and its composition, the size is pretty much the same, the shape and how it's integrated into his clothing is what's different You aren't even able to see that so honestly, I'm done
SEKAI (OCE): > [{quoted}](name=Hige,realm=NA,application-id=6kFXY1kR,discussion-id=tyl3nAEg,comment-id=0001,timestamp=2018-05-16T01:31:01.877+0000) > > Wow, his hair adds a whole new layer to the character and his skin color being accurately represented contrasts his outfit quite a bit, the jaw bone also looks so much better done than on his in-game model and he has that piece of jewelry that seems to be missing, this character is highly relatable, current pyke is not, nice find! With the missing necklace and the hair, the 2 designs are practically one and the same for the very most part. What makes this day and night difference you're seeing? Also, how do you even see Pyke's jaw bone in the current in-game model to make comments on, given his mouth and neck are covered entirely? And what about the supposed difference in the skin colour when the concept and current design have the exact same skin colour? Pretentious bumhole lol.
well for starters I was talking about the literal monster jaw bone that hangs around his shoulder, if you take a look on the pics you can find on surrender@20, those are oriented differently than the ones you see on the concept art. Either way, Pyke does remove his bandana for a few of his animations so we can actually see his face which is incredibly different than the one presented here, his skin color is definitely not the same either but if you see these 2 designs like one and the same I really don't have anything to discuss with you, it's more than obvious that you lack both vision for design and a critical mind, odd thing that you lurk around the story and art forum, people in here is supposed to have a bit of knowledge about what they write
Catalin10GG (EUNE): Pyke's mask
While I obviously like the one on the teaser a lot more, you gotta take in account the engine's limitations and how visuals work in league of legends, if they were to add this sort of texture to the bandana, from far away all the player would be able to see was this sort of gradient from white to red That said, the current one is also a huge mistake because he looks less menacing than he should, the "fangs" should and could be thinner and I think he shouldn't look like he's smiling
Zombie Slayer (NA): Pyke concept art
Wow, his hair adds a whole new layer to the character and his skin color being accurately represented contrasts his outfit quite a bit, the jaw bone also looks so much better done than on his in-game model and he has that piece of jewelry that seems to be missing, this character is highly relatable, current pyke is not, nice find!
Linna Excel (NA): My first reaction to Pyke...
I mena arguably we don't have much to judge from but yeah, if that's as scary as they can go... Riot has really lost its shine
Lady Faceless (EUW): Pyke: The Bloodharbor Ripper | New Champion Teaser - League of Legends
meh, deep grueling voice and tantalizing music cannot make something scary, much less if presented under a trailer-esque pace for a scary movie, you have lost your touch riot. "you look familiar" is the worse phrase you could have chose to make him feel scary, you could have gone with "you did this to me?!?!" His visuals are fine, pretty gruesome, love the thing covering his mouth though shiny eyes has been done countless times, hopefully he isn't just a gankplank with shark theme though
Spideraxe (NA): I think she may be really hardened by war, though this may be a little excessive
I mean no wonder they wanted her dead xDDDD
Spideraxe (NA): Irelia Special Interactions and Full voice over
O.o was Irelia always a dick?
midnight oil24 (NA): Is this really the hill you want to die on? Arguing over a somewhat unrealistic body that is inhabited by a symbiote that's likely altered her growth because you want complete realism in a game with space dragons and eldritch horrors? Also, some people are actually built like that. Illaoi looks less realistic than her, but no one is complaining. It's a cool design, I like it, and it doesn't seem implausible. Petty insults like saying I need a reality check also rather undermine your argument.
no, it was not petty, it was objectively what you need if you think women's bodies are naturally like that when fit, I never intended to insult you though you took it to heart and I wonder why... Realism is not what anyone wants, diversity and representation on online games is a nice touch, SPECIALLY when Riot themselves were the banner bearer of the concept, with champions like Illaoi as you mention and Leona, Diana, Jinx, Kalista, Sejuani and even Zoe Kai'sa, is a step back to the time when they released MF, Zyra and Elise, something they stated very boldly would never happen again but here we are today. Also, mind you, I'm not saying Kai'sa or her lore is awful, in fact, most people agree everything about her is incredibly generic and it takes a refined taste to understand why there are complains about her, now see? that IS an insult
midnight oil24 (NA): Doing athletic stuff like, say, fighting for your life in a cave full of murderous eldritch horrors, will likely lead to someone being muscular and having healthy body proportions. It's not like she'd wind up broad-shouldered and Illaoi-ish, most people just don't have Illaoi's build. While she should probably be less clean overall, she doesn't have an unrealistic design because she's going to be fit if she's been fighting for survival, and doing athletic stuff won't keep her body from developing naturally.
if you think her body is simply "fit" you need a reality check
GreenLore (EUW): The void is a dimension that produces monsters and devours pretty much everything. But Kai'sa was not inside the void. She was in a huge cave that was conneceted to the void. There were monsters inside that cave,but the suit was the first one she encountered and she managed to kill it(or at least harm it enough that it can't survive without a host anymore) with her knife. Thus she got her way to fight back at the very beginnging and she did not have to witness the death of all the others herself. Anyway she likely left that cave years ago(as she has become a legend among the shurimans),so she had plenty of time to deal with that trauma. I agree that she would have been a stronger character if she showed some emotional scars(and physical scars would have made sense too),but I wouldn't say her personality is completely illogical either.
Now explain how she got an standardized body with perfect proportions and how her mind wasn't eaten by this void creature in the many years that she used it Everything about this character is extremely cliche, but then again, that's been Riot since Kayn, a huge dissapointment
Skelenth (EUW): Something Something Future VGUs
Funny enough I understand why they changed him, Tryndamere himself stated that Swain was a thematic mess and I agree, he was all over the place, he had a perch for his raven, a cane, a limp, he had a different demon form that was in itself a mess, he was wearing gold and green, his hair was 3 stripes for no reason and so on and so forth... I also admire Riot's ability to make it look as good as he did on his splash art even though the guy would have been a pain to get a fitting pose for that showed both his personality and all of his little extra tidbits (cane, raven, demon, warlock, general, noxus... geez) My biggest gripe against the new design is that they made Swain independant of his cunning, I've said it countless times, Swain looking fragile was the only reason why his cunning was a big part of his character... the best way I have to explain it is using game of thrones references: Currently he's demeanor is like Tywin lannister's (with long hair) very straight forward and evil only when provoked, that's awesome, it really is but it's not how swain was portrayed in the lore before... Swain was more akin to Little Finger, someone who wasn't particularly a warrior but whose intellect enabled him to rise up in the chaos ladder, Swain happens to be a warlock too but his time using magic has to be limited probably because of his age
DeathBurst (EUW): "contempt", you keep saying that word. I don't think it means what you think it means... Contempt is a negative feeling, where you don't think something has any worth or value.
you are right, I meant LESS contempt xP
> [{quoted}](name=Hige,realm=NA,application-id=6kFXY1kR,discussion-id=WVJ9ZJ6I,comment-id=000800000000000100030000000000000000,timestamp=2018-01-24T00:27:40.756+0000) > > also, if I may ask, what other character in league uses their seemingly fragile figure to trick people into turning their back on him? yeah, no one This doesn't actually work, though, because he's the grand general of Noxus, making him one of the most (in)famous and notable people in Runeterra. How many credible opponents are going to not know who he is on appearance alone? The concept of a seemingly frail individual using their state to trick enemies would be much better done on someone without Swain's sheer notoriety, I think.
> This doesn't actually work, though, because he's the grand general of Noxus, making him one of the most (in)famous and notable people in Runeterra. How many credible opponents are going to not know who he is on appearance alone? The more reason not to look strong, I think? let them come and face their doom... it would take a fool to underestimate the power of the commander of Noxus but isn't all of that part of the strategy? "Noxus is at out doors and Swain is in the front!" "That old man? what can he do for his people? attack that fool!" and then everyone dies but Swain who unleashes all of the power of his demon pet but just enough for his life not to be in danger of course this is just my opinion on how Swain narrative works, I could very well be mistaken
> [{quoted}](name=Hige,realm=NA,application-id=6kFXY1kR,discussion-id=WVJ9ZJ6I,comment-id=0008000000000001000300000000,timestamp=2018-01-24T00:19:41.181+0000) > > Old Swain: > Never used force to rise, he got around and forged alliances that helped him up, his demon pet was always by his side nurturing his dormant power that he (possibly) wasn't able to use to 100% because his life would falter, age catches up to you even when you use magic so you need to be smart about it > > New swain: > He forced his way to the top because he tricked a demon? and then commanded the military with his experience and cunning mind into strategical movements throughout the region > > which has more depth? We don't even have Swain's new lore yet, so I'd hold off on citing a lack of depth.
I have to agree with that since most of this is simply conjecture is based on his visuals, that character in game, he doesn't need to be smart about his moves, his demeanor, his body and his words all speak the dominance language which is interesting on its own but that isn't what Swain used to do also, if I may ask, what other character in league uses their seemingly fragile figure to trick people into turning their back on him? yeah, no one
> [{quoted}](name=Hige,realm=NA,application-id=6kFXY1kR,discussion-id=WVJ9ZJ6I,comment-id=00080000000000010003,timestamp=2018-01-23T23:52:22.265+0000) > > Swain was flawed but that never stopped him, now he's just another powerful general who doesn't seem in need of cunning to rise up, his cunning is now an added flavor. Are you referring to his leg when you say "flawed"? This iteration of Swain actually lost an arm _(specifically Irelia sliced it off in a fight between them in the Ionian wars, according to Swain himself)_ instead of just having a damaged leg. From the looks/sounds of it, he solved this problem by subjugating a demon and forging a new arm with its power. He's no doubt cunning in his machinations behind the scenes, but that doesn't really translate well into gameplay for this kind of game.
not just his leg, he was an old man with less than ideal conditions to rule EXCEPT for his cunning, his brain was his greater weapon and I do understand that it doesn't translate to the game but that's exactly why you keep him flawed, without those he has NO NEED to be cunning and you have to rely on VO to show that he is in fact, still smart Why would you need to strategize when you can simply force your way through with power (and astonishing looks) I do think he somehow tricked "beatrice" into giving him power but... it affects the order of events Old Swain: Never used force to rise, he got around and forged alliances that helped him up, his demon pet was always by his side nurturing his dormant power that he (possibly) wasn't able to use to 100% because his life would falter, age catches up to you even when you use magic so you need to be smart about it New swain: He forced his way to the top because he tricked a demon? and then commanded the military with his experience and cunning mind into strategical movements throughout the region which has more depth?
Riot Scathlocke (NA): I think this reveals a huge part of what the writer and the champ pod were aiming for - Swain was a champion who didn't provoke a lot of strong feelings either way, as PE just articulated very clearly. Based on a LOT of player data and feedback, old Swain not particularly interesting to a lot of players. Now there are a lot MORE players who want to find out more. It's okay not to like something, it's okay to have the opposite opinion... But it's not okay to say that person's enjoyment is invalid because they aren't a real fan, or whatever. Personally, I SUCK at the game. Like, everyone in this thread would destroy me. But now I feel like I actually want to play Swain, whereas before I didn't.
Yeah I admit I went for his throat because the title rubbed me off the wrong way. I can understand why people didn't feel too connected to Swain but I think that there should be a little bit more contempt (from riot) for less than ideal characters, I myself have been a defender of past reworks since I see the point of polishing them to 11 but now looking at the general picture... everyone is starting to look the same, every dude is buff and barely showing age, you seem to overlook the fact that he does look like Vlad and the overlap with fiddlesticks theme just because he now looks cooler Again, the product is incredible and the story progression (at least from the VO) is superb but the soul of the character was swept away, Swain was flawed but that never stopped him, now he's just another powerful general who doesn't seem in need of cunning to rise up, his cunning is now an added flavor
But.....I'm not dismissing the feedback? I specifically said "I know people are disappointed with it, and I'm not trying to bash them." That is their opinion, and they are entitled to it. The 3 biggest things that people are upset about is: * No Beatrice * Looks too much like Vlad * Ult doesn't transform him completely And these are all valid arguments. Since I wasn't a Swain main, I'm not going to argue against them, since I have no foundation to build off of. And as for me saying that people agree with me.....I'll admit....probably shouldn't have said that. It's likely what made you think I was dismissing the feedback. So, for that, I do apologize.
Good, what ticked me off was the tone on your title, seems particularly condescending and almost mocking those who are displeased with the rework. I personally disagree with the direction but I do think the final product is incredibly polished and well executed as well as thought out... just very far away from who Swain was, which maybe it's a good thing though I fear that things get so streamlined that there's no space for a champion with a cane or with less than ideal muscle mass, pretty sad imo
AmenPerson (NA): Beatrice is still around
After hearing his VO it seems to me like Beatrice is not only around but she/it gave him an energy arm, which most likely also fixed his leg, it's an interesting take, his visual age is the only thing that still bothers me though, specially on the bilgewater skin
Uh....none actually. I've played Swain maybe a total of 10 times. He's never been that interesting to me, just an annoyance really in the game. I'm not sure if you're being sarcastic, or serious. I know that people are disappointed with it, and I'm not trying to bash them. I'm just showing my appreciation for what Riot has done here. This is strictly my opinion, and by the looks of it, there are some people who agree with me.
You have an interesting way of showing appreciation and at the same time dismissing quite a lot of feedback, you might have a bunch on your side but that doesn't mean much specially when you all have zero contempt for who Swain was Of course you wanted a new champ and you got it, there's no reason for you to even consider anyone else, I guess
I am sorry to the people who are not impressed about Swain, but I am loving everything about him.
oh please tell us how much time did you invest on Swain for you to forge this unbiased opinion? mind you, this is not a new champion or at least is not supposed to be but alas, enjoy the new addition to your roster
Hextech OwI (EUW): Short cuts fits the military chief theme better than long hairs.
and long hair suits better on fantasy older warlocks/mages, take Saruman or even Gandalf himself, he is both a military man and a warlock remember runeterra is a fantasy land
Hextech OwI (EUW): This suits him so much more....
that was quick but I don't see why one would be better than the other, I like both tbh
AquariusGine (EUW): REMEMBER, if you don't like Swain's Lucius Malfoy hair, he still has other skins
The pirate one is incredible but... that's swain? the heavily seasoned strategist warlock? it looks more like a pirate of the Caribbean knock off who spends more time at the gym than sailing OR strategizing OR warlock-ing
Fasmodey (EUW): Swain VGU is Revealed
Listen the craft is superb, riot is amazing a polishing stuff and making it look super cool but this is NOT the right direction for swain, they made him younger, removed the cane, removed the raven and gave him long hair for some reason? I understand taking inspiration from the likes of tywin lannister or lucius malfoy but swain was his own character and a very good one that is Making him into a warlock is fine, the whole eldricht energy or whatever is cool but the thing that defined his ambiguous character was the idea that he was a corpse controlled by a demon bird, hell, you could have made beatrice into a darkin and it would have been fine Swain was the perfect example of Raven =/= Crow but now both fiddlesticks and him overlap so much that I feel like fiddlesticks needs to be erased or something
IDarkIFire (EUNE): Why new Varus lore has no Loss in it (explained for children)
I mean, they haven't lost anything... yet? I think? but they run the risk of actually loosing their humanity and pretty much everything if they let the darkin take full control I do agree the story is a struggle of control instead of loss but hey, if you want a loss centric character, you got Lucian :S
Placentas (NA): Honestly, Thank You Riot & Lore Team
Val and Kai were pretty stereotypical though, they weren't particularly burly or anything and they had big eyes and small body frame, though of course, Varus has always been the lean hunk of LoL so it kinda makes sense also, I would like to note that Varus is not really gay himself, Val and Kai are but Varus probably has too much going on for him as to be worried about love or sex, I heavily doubt he would have quotes towards male characters so all in all, as the homosexual champion he falls a bit short, specially if players go by his in-game character or by the fact that he's more struggling with himself than "proud" I did enjoy the new story though and I think it's a huge step for the LBGT community to get some bold representation on videogames but as for me, I'll still be rooting for that sweet Graves x TF
ChunLii (NA): Predict the craziest lore change Swain will get
uhm I'd say Swain discovered vastayan blood and had vlad or some blood mage do a transfusion, he is conniving after all and plotting to receive ancient power forcefully would fit his strategist side the craziest thing Riot will change is probably his fight against general du coteau, Swain probably will be portrayed as a servant of the du coteau, possibly the second in command as opposed to being a direct opponent who earned his place through fighting
Leylania (EUW): So "Lore Update" means throwing away champions?
In all honesty, Varus' story is pretty great but I have to agree, as of late, Riot's storytelling feels seriously tacked on, from Kayn to Zoe and Varus, they have these bunch of facets that are so very unnecessary for their characters, Varus more so since he was already someone, a very one dimensional someone but at least he had that going for himself I'm going to commit a sin around these forums but Imagine if Tracer from Overwatch was suddenly reworked into some weird version of herself and all of her lines in-game started making no sense... this is something that Blizzard would never do but on the flip side, Overwatch lore is incredibly well thought out while league from day one never took lore seriously, they evolve and change the story as they please with only one goal in mind: cool factor I think the cool factor is nice to have but as everything, overdoing it will reach a point where people starts to dislike it This is also our (the community's) fault because we got attached to riot's characters without caring how little they told us about them, we invested in finding more than 1 dimension to flat characters only to be told afterwards that they weren't even close to what we had in mind (Karma) and even then! we got the nerve to be mad at Riot for doing whatever it is that they do Understand that League's early lore (probably until... Jinx or so) was simple early draft and everything is up in the air for change, do not get attached to ANY character because in the long run you'll be disappointed, take league as it is, an ever changing game and if you get tired do as I did and move on with the hope that one day they find more stable ground Celebrate what they put out there because honestly it's not half bad but don't try to hold a candle to the old league because they themselves despise that game
Lilybet (NA): Evelynn's Reworked Voice Lines - Too much?
we want this and this game needs a higher rating, no kids allowed
Hupsis (EUNE): New Evelynn splash fix
I like the maniac smile way more since you know, she's a maniac it also breaks the nature of a regular human smile which is accurate for a demon-like being, you wouldn't complain about Shaco's smile being far too weird, he's weird and it fits, so does Eve
abdul569 (EUW): Is this a teaser for new battlecast skins?
bro... sometimes a blotch is just a blotch ._.
Irelia Bot (NA): If assasins are intended to have delayed burst marksmen need delayed sustain
"Delayed" as in 1 second at worst Also, if Marksmen were to have delayed sustain there would be no point on buying it, I do think lifesteal is a bit over the line though but it would be better to simply lower the amount marksmen receive on lifesteal and masteries then making it delayed
Meddler (NA): Taliyah - Meaningful sustained damage output, especially once Q is max rank. Lissandra - Longer CDs, and dependent on her ult for kill pressure usually, so less of a sustained output. Taliyah's certainly got some burst elements, W pick potential especially, and Lissandra does have some tools to be closer to the fight battle mage style. Overall though those were the categories we felt best fit their playstyles.
I posted about this on the official thread but I'll post it here as well xP the only real battle mage is swain, all the rest are burst mages since they have methods to 100 - 0 built on their kit Both classes should be merged :S
: Taking another look at subclasses
on the same vein I feel like battle mages and burst mages serve the same purpose. Battle mages like Viktor can burst you down in a matter of seconds as so does Taliyah and even Ryze. I don't think their damage is out of line either but in the end they are just burst mages and the term battle mage is only used because they have a shorter autoattack range (which is barely used) In fact, on that list, the only one who can't burst you down is Swain :S even Cass who's supposed to be centered around her DoTs can ult and kill you with a full rotation
draecina (NA): Has Anyone Noticed or Talked About Rakan's Win Rate Lately?
Rakan having a low winrate is only because he has somewhat high skill floor... that said... I don't think he's weak by any means, with this I mean that there will never exist perfect balance in league of legends, Rakan having 46% winrate is more than enough... Why though? Well, as I said Rakan is pretty powerful, not sleeper OP since it's all out there in the open but once skilled people showcase what they can do with him, his skill floor will drop down dramatically... also consider that right now there are a couple supports with the highest winrate, from the lists you gave check the number one support and see if their number is incredibly high in comparison, given the case they will receive nerfs and this will most likely catapult Rakan up... more importantly is that this is the support position, this champion's performance depends on the synergy with their partners so nerfing the ADC with the highest winrate will also shake Rakan's balance All in all I don't think Rakan needs buffs even if his CURRENT numbers reflects otherwise, he is powerful enough to spike up anytime soon
HalcyonDweller (NA): Caitlyn's Traps are really frustrating for her opponents
Uhm I think Cait's traps aren't all THAT powerful, they are not hard to dodge and if maxed early she will be trading off a LOT of damage for it. I do believe traps are incredibly oppressive to play against in a duel but considering that Cait's skills can technically be completely avoided it doesn't seem too unfair, the main problem is that one successful trap will allow her to unleash everything on her enemy. There is one real problem with traps that is unrelated to the amount of power they provide and it's clear vision of the trap itself... sadly there's not much to do here though since every trap in the game functions in the exact same way... that said I think there is a reasonable tweak to be made: -Cait's traps now have an area of effect around them that reduces the duration of her nearby traps -Traps whose AoE collides with a turret have their duration reduced too, this effect will stack with the duration reduction from other nearby traps Of course this will kinda kill wall of traps but if the AoE also reduces Cait's cooldown on her traps by 5 seconds each time the AoE is touched by another trap, all you'll be asking for the Cait player is to pay more agency on the upkeep of a wall made out of traps which seems like a reasonable trade off And one final adjustment: -Cait's bonus damage expires as soon as the root ends In general I do think Cait's general power is over the line but Riot has already stated they will try removing her synergy with hurricane in order to remove a huge power spike from her but I think they will find out in the long run that she has too much of a leeway from traps being incredibly clunky and abusable
Frightning (NA): I think Ezreal's win rate is a product of the meta item build for him not being ideal on him atm. Blue build is all about kiting, but atm, it's more important for an ADC to bring damage and lots of than it is for the ADC to be super hard to catch. You can ditch the {{item:3042}} and {{item:3025}}, and instead get items like {{item:3072}} and {{item:3031}}/{{item:3508}} (Q doesn't crit, your basics do, and you should have a LOT of AD and a bunch of free AS, so your basic attack DPS is actually pretty good for a caster ADC, get the most out of that). This also allows you to go double lifesteal ({{item:3153}}+{{item:3072}}, which makes your dueling really strong).
uhm I kinda agree with you but ditching muramana doesn't seem like a good idea, you get muramana for 2 reasons: 1.- Ezreal is a heavy mana hungry champion in accordance to his passive, Tear and muramana allow you to keep your passive up as much as you need to 2.- Ezreal is one of the few who can in fact stack muramana effectively, this means that he can make it evolve super fast (in comparison) and he can double its cost effectiveness in an optimal way Ditching it will set you behind on many fronts, and Essence reaver being the only item that can come close to sustain Ezreal's damage, won't help you much when you need to jump away and fight from range
Urgot doggy dogg (EUW): Ezreal sitting at 44% win rate
most definitely not in Korea
AninLegions777 (EUW): Hope these Yasuo E changes don't go through
I downvoted you for defending this broken champ but the changes to his E won't go through either way, they will be nerfing the duration of his whirlwind and probably will look to nerf him somewhere else too
Je suis Rubick (EUW): We have SO MUCH to ban and you made a champion able to be banned multiple time?
Maybe don't ban the same champion every game? or ban the same one, either way it won't appear in your game There's no point in playing a game of league where you can effectively eliminate every and all nuisance, there would be around 100 bans if that was the case. Skill is still a big factor on matchups, no matter if you ban the 2 most broken champions, if the person is incredibly good with the third most broken after those two, he will still make your life a living hell in lane. 10 bans isn't the solution to your losing problem, getting better at the game is, even if you're diamond
Meddler (NA): We were looking at whether a ranged/melee split on the current health damage made sense. Conclusion was that at least right now the issue most in need of solving was the amount of sustain offered though, hence we're hitting that to start with.
So this has nothing to do with Lucian? he's the one who gets the most out of it, even if you kept the melee/ranged changes I think that simply nerfing the sustain won't affect lucian much, he will still dominate because, again, he can proc it more than anyone else, champions like Jinx or Tristana find themselves incredibly behind when compared to lucian proccing that thing... in the case that this is true and that Lucian makes BotRK a staple item on his kit no matter what, would you guys choose to tweak Lucian or to continue work on the item?
Level 31 (NA)
Lifetime Upvotes


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Every Story Terrace client is integral to the creation of each book so, then, are their writers. In our Writer Feature posts we put a spotlight on the talented writers who use their unique skills to bring out the stories of other people's lives in a beautiful and meaningful way. We spoke with Story Terrace writer Judy Brown about her passion for writing and why she's chosen to use her talent to help other people find their voice.
Judy Brown writes from her home in Derbyshire, and is currently on her third project with Story Terrace. When she's not writing or looking after the family and assorted animals, you can find her out walking in the Peak District.
Is there a specific moment you realised you wanted to pursue writing professionally? Do you have any memories of discovering your passion for writing when you were young?
I've wanted to be a writer for as long as I can remember. The first time I wrote a story I was five. It was on bright pink notepaper and all about a mummy cat having kittens. I showed it to my teacher and was cross when she didn't give it back.
A year or so later I announced to my parents that I was going to make the family fortune by writing a book. This has yet to happen. But I never stopped writing about people or events or ideas, any more than I stopped thinking about them, because writing things down is for me a way to understand them.
What types of writing projects do you look for?
Creating, rewriting or editing most types of non-fiction concerned with people, ideas, places or events. That sounds a fairly broad brief but what I like best is biography: getting to know people and understanding their outlook on life. And after 15 years with Plain Language Commission, turning dense or difficult text into clear readable English is always satisfying and worthwhile. On the other hand, I am not into any form of sales talk or advertising, and I lack the expertise to say anything meaningful about technology or social media.
What do you enjoy most about helping people tell their stories? What makes it important to you?
It's important to me because it's important to them.
Everyone has a story. It's part of what makes them who they are. Sharing your own story in print and pictures is a way to reach out to other people, to say, 'This is my past, and your past too. See things how I see things and you will understand where we both come from.'
Simply putting your thoughts and feelings down on paper can be a way to make them clear to yourself. Delineating an issue can either help you realise its value or stop it hurting so much.
Some people may be fierce thinkers or forceful talkers but find writing tedious or irksome. Some write fast and fluently but trip up over the conventions of spelling, grammar and punctuation. Some people's ideas come out in a jumble and need putting together in a clear logical order.
As a writer and editor I can help with all that, and I like being able to do so. Helping them achieve this through Story Terrace is its own reward. I also feel it a great privilege to be allowed this insight into other people's private lives, and to share their outlook in such depth – much greater depth than an essay or magazine article would give.
If you could choose any person in history to do a Story Terrace project with, who would it be?
Rosemary Sutcliff's novels of Celtic and Roman Britain fed my lifetime fascination with ancient history. I met her once at her home in Sussex, a small sparky lady in a wheelchair, whose physical difficulties did nothing to hold back her fierce imagination and historical insight. I wish I could have stayed to work with her, exploring the realms where legend and history mingle and people walk out of the past onto the pages of your book. A Story Terrace project would have been only the start…
We wouldn't underestimate the power of your story and neither should you. Get in touch with the Story Terrace team to learn about how we can help you start creating your own Story Terrace book and read more about our talented writers on the Our Writers page.


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One year to go to the BPE
Being scientifically-minded, I don't think this eruption will definitely occur but I do personally believe that it is possible to predict large-scale future events. This is because science proves that our minds originate outside of physical reality. Our minds therefore have the potential to perceive moments in time beyond those perceived by our physical senses. It is a definite fact that there will be a massive eruption in our future, as probability and climate change make this inevitable. The psi part is simply working out when and where it will happen, and to what scale. This why I'm calling the June 2019 Eruption prediction my Big Prediction Experiment. If there is an eruption in the first few days of June 2019, then my dream was spot-on and it's a convincing proof that a precise prediction of some events in our future can be done. It's worth noting that this doesn't mean all future events are predictable. Our current choices and decisions affect many aspects of our future, making lots of future outcomes uncertain, but our choices and actions can't do much about a massive volcanic eruption, so that event is potentially predictable to a high degree.
There are several ways for readers to react to this idea. Some will simply dismiss it as ridiculous; this is unscientific but understandable. Others will say 'let's see', confident that nothing will happen and I'll simply look foolish for talking about it. Still others will point out that if such a massive eruption is coming, and all of us have the potential to perceive it with our minds, why is Adrian Ellis the only one talking about it? This is a valid question to ask. Why should I be the only one who senses clearly what's coming?
To answer the question 'why would only one oddball be predicting a massive eruption in 2019?', it's worth making a sober assessment of who is in power on our planet and their agendas. After a decade of studying this topic, on and off, it's clear to me that a small elite, who possess most of the wealth of the world, are lording it over the rest of us. This isn't paranoia, it's simple fact. Our wealth distribution and history makes it undeniable. To be honest, the only reason that much of the world enjoys a feeling of freedom is that a population who feels free is more productive, particularly in high-tech and high-skilled areas. Apart from that, the power-elite control us as much as they possibly can.
The three Alternatives in Alternative 3 were as follows: 1) Drastically reduce the world population to reduce their effect on the climate 2) Go underground. 3) Leave Earth. These are logical and since the power-elite of our planet will almost certainly regard themselves as superior to the rest of us, as well as being a group who are happy to exhibit a ruthless self-serving streak when required, it's highly likely that they would attempt to carry out all three alternatives. With regard to the first alternative, the power-elite would probably say that 99% of us will be dead by 2100 due to climate change whatever happens, so it makes little difference how that reduction comes about. Books such as Climate Wars explain clearly how our population would fall even if no dark plan of culling was carried out. We would slowly be decimated by drought, starvation, mass-migration, civil wars, border-wars, supply-chain collapse, more starvation etc.
Our power-elite therefore know that 99% of us are effectively doomed but, like cattle to the slaughterhouse, they would logically want us to be quiescent right up to the last minute. This is especially true if they were working on Alternatives 2 & 3. They would therefore want to suppress any warning signs among the rest of us that terrible things will soon happen to us. This would explain why no one's hearing any predictions about calamities in 2019 (apart from this minor website). But such suppression is not an easy task, since the suppressing of information and the silencing of voices can, all by itself, increase alarm. The logical strategy is therefore to forcibly silence voices, while making sure that the silencing of them is mistaken for an accident, illness, insanity, technical fault etc.
Many readers would still contend that even if powerful groups were silencing whistleblowers, someone would leak out this information if it really was known. A friend of mine recently used that argument to dismiss all conspiracy theories. His view is correct, but only to a limited degree. For example, there is vast amounts of evidence available showing the gaping flaws in the JFK assassination and 9/11's official reports, but none of it enters the mainstream, not because it is wrong but because the media refuses to promote it. By comparison, predictions about our future are a far more tenuous subject, and so they have even less chance of appearing in the mainstream media.
But my friend was correct to some degree. Somebody, sometime, surely would blow the whistle if large-scale, secret programmes were afoot. The following video seems to back up his claim:
It includes the audio recording of a caller who claimed to have worked at Area 51. He tells the radio-show host that disasters are coming, and the government-military leaders know all about it, but they're not telling the rest of us. According to the recording, twenty-seconds into the call, the man is cut off and the station's transmitter is silenced in an unknown way, for the first time in the host's experience. A month later, another caller rings up the station and explains that he was the Area 51 caller and he did it as a hoax. This doesn't add up, logically, as he would not have been able to take out the station's transmitter.
Such a call fits with the scenario outlined in this article. I don't know if the caller was genuine but the events do fit with someone trying to blow the whistle on such a top-level secret. I personally try to be balanced and rationally-sceptical about anything unusual but the recent loss of my website www.adrianellis.co.uk to an American cyber-defence company has certainly made me more suspicious. Are powerful groups trying to shut me up? I don't know but personally, I'd recommend that people start prepping.


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Two months after Paul Walker's daughter Meadow filed a wrongful death lawsuit against Porsche, the car company has revealed the actor was responsible for his own death.
Meadow, 16, brought the case against the company in September, reported People magazine.
In the documents, the car company "alleges that Mr Walker knowingly and voluntarily assumed all risk, perils and danger in respect to the use of the subject 2005 Carrera GT, that the perils, risk and dangers were open and obvious and known to him, and that he chose to conduct himself in a manner as to expose himself to such perils, dangers and risks, thus assuming all the risks involved in using the vehicle.
"Mr Walker's voluntary assumption of the risk should bar the plaintiff's recovery or, in the alternative, should reduce the plaintiff's right to recovery from PCNA in an amount equivalent to Mr Walker's fault."
The lawsuit added that if the seatbelt were not flawed, Walker may have been able to exit the vehicle before it caught fire – which was allegedly caused by faulty "rubber fuel lines."
The "Fast and Furious" actor died in the collision in November of 2013 after his friend, Roger Rodas – who was driving – lost control of the vehicle resulting in the accident that killed both.


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Good morning!
Have you ever gone on a breakfast date with someone?
And I don't mean a breakfast meeting. I mean a weekday date, for breakfast.
I tried this `breakfast date`concept last Friday morning and it was great.
My fiance and I have been working a lot lately and haven't had much of a chance to go on a date.
So what did we do? We woke up early on Friday morning and walked down the street to our local coffee shop, Muj Salek Kavy, to go on a breakfast date. Him and I. No business talk.
He had ham and eggs, (in Czech, that is written "Hemenex") and I had the pancakes with spiced plums, sour cream and syrup. It was simple, quick, fun and romantic.
This was a recommended experience! Has anyone been on one?


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Love cherri. Used to fuck her often when I was down Birmingham area. Only see her now when in the area. Good fuck, dirty girl.
great fuck i want to fuck you too ; )
OMG! She is a smoking hot doll! More of her now!
that girl in the dress is gorgeous!
sie ist der Hammer