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Product Description
Baby swing seat accessory suitable for Plum's wooden swing sets and play centres. The baby swing seat is made from durable, weather resistant materials and uses soft feel ropes. Designed with a high back and includes safety harness straps for added safety. The baby swing seat is supplied with fixings for easy attachment to wooden swing sets and play centres in the Plum range.
The Plum Baby Seat With Extensions is a safe and secure baby swing that can be added to any Plum swing set or play centre. Plum's Baby Swing Set is supplied with a baby swing seat, which has a high back and harness straps to keep little ones safe and secure. Wooden swing set not included.
- Durable baby swing seat with a high back, t-bar front and harness straps
- Self assembly required
- Rope Length: 200cm
- Supplied with fixings for easy attachment to wooden swing sets, play centres and climbing frames in the Plum range
- Easy to assemble in less than 15 minutes with 1 adult
- Please allow a 2m safety perimeter
- Adult supervision required at all times
- Not suitable for children under 36 months until fully assembled
- Fall hazard and small parts
- Choking hazard
- Minimum user age 10 months
- Maximum user age 3 years
- Suitable for outdoor
- Domestic use only.
|Recommended Age
|10 months+
|Shipping Weight (kg)
|Product Dimensions
|W 38cm x D 28cm x H 42cm Rope: L 2m x 10mm (thickness)
|Delivery message:
|Important: Due to the size and weight of this product delivery could take an extra 2-3 days
|Trampoline Size
|weight capacity
|Pack content
|Baby swing seat with a high back, t-bar front and harness straps
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|Collect from our Warehouse
|Collect in store same day (call us before you collect)
|In person
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text: Hi Giorgio, On Mon, Feb 19, 2018 at 3:44 PM, Giorgio Limonta < giorgio.limonta80 at gmail.com> wrote: > Why did you avoid "not residential" buildings? > > For example, the following building is still not correctly mapped (and it >> is not the only one): >> https://postimg.org/image/p3b4wmsgz/ > > > yes but that was a problematic one: if I creat two building parts and a > building feature that contains them, josm validator marks them as an error. > (perhaps for the particular shape). I solved by erasing the lower part that > surrounded the main building. > It's likely because one of the two building parts must be a multi polygon. (and it is not the only one) > > > I checked again, I hope it's better now > It is better but I still see some issues: * A bell tower has one tag "man_made:part=tower" which is not documented. You should use two building:part tags. * You should also add building=yes to bell towers. * There is one building with only one building:part=residential tag (there should be more than one). * In this same building the entrance part of the house is tagged as a separate building. *The previous example is not the only one where a part of a single building is tagged as different building. Bye, Andrea -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://lists.openstreetmap.org/pipermail/imports/attachments/20180222/322ad68f/attachment.html>

subset: commoncrawl


text: Features and CommentInterviews2019 IssuesJan/Feb 2019 Edition Assessing the future By Ron Ragsdale - 1st February 2019 0 382 Share Facebook Twitter WhatsApp Email Print Pearson's Freya Thomas Monk shares the details of PTE Academic To view this page you need to sign up to one of our membership plans. It only takes a couple of minutes to sign up. Access levels are explained on the membership page. If you are already a member, please sign in below: Username or E-mail Password Remember Me Forgot Password


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Herath bowls Sri Lanka to historic whitewash
Thirteen wickets in the match from their leading spinner helped Sri Lanka complete their first whitewash over Australia in Test cricket
Thirteen wickets in the match from their leading spinner helped Sri Lanka complete their first whitewash over Australia in Test cricket
Commentator: Alagappan Muthu
Thank you for your company and your comments so far. That's all we have from this series, do look out for the ODIs on Sunday. As for everyone asking about the rankings, a story will be up on the site very soon. Look out for it. Here's Brydon Coverdale's report, and plenty to come from Dan Brettig and Andrew Fernando from the SSC
Janmay : "So Muthu, where do SL end up in the ranking table now ?" India are at No. 1, but they need to win the Port of Spain Test to retain that ranking. Australia pushed down to No. 3 losing 10 points. Sri Lanka at No. 6 having gained 10 points.
2.30 pm Rangana Herath is the Man of the Match and the Man of the Series. "No secret, if you do well, just a lot of hard work [getting these awards]. Experience counts a lot, every day we learn, it all helps me so thank you very much to all those people. We had a tough time for seven-eight months, we stayed together, we knew we were one win away. And when we won in Pallekele, we just kept going. [Break from one-day] It's good for me, having some time to spend with familiy, I have retired at the right time from ODI and T20. I haven't decided anything on Tests, we will go series by series. Hopefully I wish to play next series"
Huge roar as Angelo Mathews comes up to collect the Warne-Muralitharan trophy. A yelp of "3-0" as well. "What a fantastic moment, especially after being 26 for 5 to come back this strong, credit to de Silva the way he batted and then Chandimal the way they got us through the second and third sessions on the first day and then Herath, doing his thing. You can't keep him out. He was fantastic with one leg, one leg was enough for him. We thank everyone, the president of the SLC, the office-bearers the fans and most importantly my team as well. We had a tough few months, but thanks for your support. Thanks to the Australians as well, you guys didn't have a great series, but we had to fight all the way through,"
"It's been a tough series, outplayed in all three matches. Think Sri Lanka have played some great cricket, disappointing but a great learning curve," Steven Smith says, "Can't fault the prep, got here early, worked as hard as we can. But in the matches, after getting Sri Lanka at 117, we couldn't get ahead of the game and from there it came down. [One-dayers?] Different format, new guys come in, Test guys will feel flat, but that's the challenge for us. There's been quite a lot of fans travelling, thank you to the supporters for following us, Apologies for what we've done over here."
Sri Lanka take a lap of honour around the Sinhalese Sports Club, the audience clapping for them, and they clapping back and thanking the crowd for the continued support. Didn't look like this when Sri Lanka were coming back without a single victory in England, having played in bone-chillingly cold weather and exhibiting batting that led Mathews to say he felt humiliated. Here he is leading his men with a big smile on his face. Mathews posing with the groundsmen now as the papare blares on. 'Happy Birthday to you' going on now, to wish Kusal Perera on his 26th. His wicketkeeper was excellent, has a definite case to take it over permanently. And more positives include Kusal Mendis, that 176 earlier in the series could possibly be one of the greatest ever innings played by a Sri Lankan. Dhanajaya de Silva finishes the top-scorer of either team in his debut series. Playing at home, they appear impossible to beat
Shyamprasad: "Turning point of the series was the knock by Kusal mendis... It has been Sri Lankans series since then and they never let Aussies comeback.. Well played... "
Dan Brettig on twitter: "Aust obliterated by world's 7th team and lost No. 1 ranking in process. Technical, mental issues in Asia only worsening, 9 losses on trot!"
2.15 pm Sri Lanka form a huddle on the pitch, Mathews leading a little war chat and up go the roars. Rangana Herath is duly given the ball, he's picked up 28 wickets in the series, and while his team-mates pump fists and flash smiles, he just looks relieved that he has done the job each of his countrymen has expected of him ever since Murali had retired. Percy, the Sri Lankan fan, has found his way onto the field and is with the team as they pose for pictures. Steven Smith is waiting on the outfield to shake hands with his opposite number, but they aren't quite ready to leave yet. Soaking it all in.
Australia have had the series they have dreaded. One ball spins, the other doesn't. What to do? They have resisted, like in the first innings when Marsh and Smith hit centuries. And in this one, where Warner did well, picking the length well and playing positively. Then there is Mitchell Starc, who has 24 wickets in the series at an astounding strike-rate, better than any bowler ever with more than 20 in a three-Test series in Asia if I'm not wrong.
Yashas: "Gotta feel for Smith. Had never faced a loss as a captain before this series and now 3 in row. And judging by the way Aussies have played spin this series, there is more hell to come, come the India series."
umair: "hey muthu, does this win for SL mean Pakistan or India are the only two teams in contention for number 1 test ranking spot?" It's all a bit murky, but I believe India might become No. 1 if they win in West Indies. If not Pakistan at No. 1
NM Lyon lbw b Herath 12 (26m 12b 1x4 0x6) SR: 100.00
This from Brydon's preview to this Test: "In nearly 140 years of Test cricket, Australia have played 177 series of three or more matches and only four times have they been whitewashed: 0-3 to England in 1886; 0-4 to South Africa in 1969-70; 0-3 to Pakistan in 1982-83; and 0-4 to India in 2012-13"
From the brink of despair, Sri Lanka have risen to rapturous exhilaration after whitewashing Australia. And Test cricket is much better for it.
Sri Lanka captain Angelo Mathews has said Kusal Mendis' 176 in Pallekele was the performance upon which the series against Australia pivoted
Steven Smith apologised to travelling supporters for having to witness an ugly 3-0 defeat, before saying the touring batsmen and spin bowlers had a lot of thinking to do ahead of next year's trip to India
Australia did not begin to win Tests in Asia until touring teams went to greater lengths to understand the region. The current team, humiliated once again in Colombo, has lapsed back into old min
Consecutive Test series for Australia in Asia where have been whitewashed - 4-0 by India 2012-13, 2-0 by Pakistan 2014-15 and 3-0 by Sri Lanka 2016.
No. of 10-wicket hauls for Herath in Tests - each one has come against different teams, including Aus. Only Muralitharan has taken such hauls against more teams (9).
Runs added by Australia's No. 3, 4, 5 & 6 combined in this innings - their lowest in a Test inns vs SL. Previous lowest: 25 in Kandy 2004-05.
Previous most wickets by Herath in a Test series - against Pakistan in 2014 (in 2 matches). Mitchell Marsh was his 24th wicket of this series.
Aggregate of the 11 opening partnerships of this series, before this inns. Warner-Marsh have added more than that in this last opening stand of the series.
Highest successful chase by Australia in Tests in Asia, against B'desh in Fatullah in 2006. The highest successful chase at SSC by any visiting team is 131.
No. of SL players who scored a century and fifty in the same Test batting at No. 7 or lower, before this. Dhananjaya de Silva becomes the first SL player to do so.
Previous most runs by a team's sixth-wicket in a Test vs Australia, by India at Wankhede 1986-87. Sri Lanka's 6th wicket has added over 300 runs in this match.
No. of 50+ partnerships for wickets 5 and lower in this series for Sri Lanka - joint-most for them in any series. Their first 4 wickets have had only 2 50+ stands.
Runs scored by Kaushal Silva in the first 5 inns of this series. He opened in all those inns, but came at No. 3 in this inns and has made a fifty.
Previous most wickets by a visiting fast bowler in a Test series in Sri Lanka, by Richard Hadlee in 1983-84. Starc dismissed Mendis as his 24th wkt of this series.
Average score at which Sri Lanka lost their second-wicket in this series, before this second inns. Their second wicket fell at 44 in this inns.


text: It is common in vacation rentals to have a same day check out and check in for guests. In these cases, you must be sure that the steps of the day go smoothly. In this blog post we will share with our friends at Air Blue Lets five steps for a smooth day of back to back guest check-in.


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The Benefits of Sending Children to a Montessori School
Sending your children to school at an early age is critical to developing skills that they will carry throughout their life. However, there are tons of factors to consider when choosing the type of educational program for your child. One of these is finding the right models of education that suit your child's personality. This … Continue reading
Why Your Kids Should Learn a Second Language
As it stands now, the number of bilingual children in the United States continues to rise. Whether it be because they live in a multi-cultural household or they have relatives speaking a foreign language, providing your kids with bilingual early childhood education offers many benefits. Here are some of them: Cognitive advantages Speaking a second … Continue reading
A Parent's Guide to Early Childhood Education
Parents are incredibly protective of their children. The last thing we want is for our little ones to be away from us. So when someone suggests an infant or toddler program, some parents are going to want to say "No, I'd rather my children spend their first four years in the world learning at home". … Continue reading
Preparing Your Children for Kindergarten
If you haven't had a child go through kindergarten before, then you're probably wondering what the experience is going to be like as much as your children. It's one thing to hear and read about it, but another to realize you're about to experience it yourself. Norbeck Montessori is a Montessori School in Rockville, Maryland … Continue reading
Tips: How to Encourage a Preschooler to Do Chores
Is your child familiar with doing chores? Do they enjoy doing it as well? As a Montessori School in Maryland, doing household activities is one of our aims for learning children. We know that when they are taught with these early on, they can develop a love for work. So how do we get our … Continue reading
Key Advantages of a Multi-Age Classroom
A Montessori School in Rockville, Maryland is a multi-age classroom that offers a lot of benefits to children. The multi-age classroom means that kids are grouped according to a certain age bracket and not with a similar age. These children will stay in this class for a whole three-year cycle. Every Montessori school implements this … Continue reading


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Mohammed Bashir Basha Felicitates, Prays for Muslim faithfuls across the nation
Alhaji Mohammed Bashir Basha made this known while sending out his Eid el kabir SallahAdvert placement
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Se-min lives alone. He was having a good time with his girlfriend, Mi-ho, when they suddenly feel someone's eyes on them and turn around to see a woman looking at them with a blank face. It turns out the woman is Se-min's mother's friend, Ji-hye. She's packed up her things from abroad and moved back to Korea very suddenly. She'd called her childhood friend, Se-min's mother, and they decided she would live with Se-min for 3 days. Mi-ho is angry about Ji-hye. She tells Se-min to make her leave, but he can't do that and Mi-ho leaves angrily. Se-min and Ji-hye are living together for 3 days. Ji-hye comforts Se-min with some drinks, but he blacks out, only to wake up the next day and retrace his memory to the hot night they had.
Player kami berjalan optimal di CHROME. Jika film gagal diputar atau subtitle tidak keluar silahkan gunakan Server 2 untuk streaming dan nonton film online atau langsung download dari link yang sudah disediakan.
Temptation of Aunt 2 (2019)
Director:Kim Yi-seul
Cast:Ji Ah, Lee Eun-mi-I, Tae Kyung, Yeon Woo


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We are excited to share today's stunning wedding, beautifully captured by As Sweet As Images. Lloyd and Bronwyn celebrated their special day at Buitengeluk in Johannesburg.
Lovebirds | How did you two meet?
We met in the January of 2012 at an event. We happened to be standing across from one another at one point and suddenly 2 hours of natural and easy conversation had passed! Needless to say, we knew we wanted to see each other again, not knowing at that moment of coarse what our future held for us…
I said Yes | How did the proposal go down?
Christmas day had come and gone and we'd been saying that we wanted to get away for a few days. On Boxing day, and eventually after finding accommodation in Clarens that morning, we packed the car immediately and road tripped through, as we often do, so nothing out of the ordinary. We woke up to rainy and misty weather on the Saturday and took a drive to the Golden Gate. We were both in high spirits and were not going to be defeated by the weather! We stopped at the Drakensburg lookout point and while taking in the view in the rain, Lloyd asked me to marry him, a moment so natural and perfectly us.
The Big Day | Tell us the most memorable moment of your wedding day?
Walking down the aisle to the man I wanted to spend my life with and make memories with. It felt as though we were the only 2 people in the world. Time stood still and seeing each other in that moment felt like the first day of our lives. I remember just wanting to marry Lloyd and proceeded to run down the stairs with my bridesmaids telling me to slow down!
I Quote | Describe in one sentence your wedding day
Our wedding reflected us both in its relaxed and classic manner filled with special moments and enveloped in blessings.
Forever & Always | Any advice for future brides
When planning gets overwhelming or anxiety creeps in, remember why you are doing this (getting married, to the love of your life, whom you chose) in the first place. The wedding is the bonus, but for us, the marriage was always more important. Decide as a couple what is most important to you and how you want to showcase your day and this will direct your spending. Decide more or less upfront what it is that you want and keep that picture in your mind because there are so many wonderful ideas that can leave your head spinning. And finally, take a deep breath and enjoy it because no one else knows how it was meant to look! Take in the moments, take a walk with your spouse and talk about the day, stealing a few moments together.


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Madagascar The Musical starring X-Factor Winner Matt Terry
Go wild as Matt Terry – Winner of 2016's X-Factor is announced to play Alex The Lion in the brand-new stage adaptation of Madagascar – The Musical coming to Bridlington Spa from Monday 17 to Saturday 22 September.
Since winning X-Factor, Matt has been non-stop. He's been recording music all over the world including Miami, LA and Scandinavia. After a top 3 hit with Ed Sheeran penned winner's single When Christmas Comes Around, he released his debut album 'Trouble' in November 2017.


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Decorations – One of the best things about throwing a bridal shower is choosing the decorations. Decorations for your shower should pull together the look you're trying to. The decorations at a bridal shower are very important, particularly if it will be themed. Your decorations can be bright and dramatic, or soft and romantic. Confer with the bridesmaids about the theme of the bridal shower, establish a budget, and finalize decision about decorations, menu, favors, and music and bridal shower games.
Designing and distribution within budget – The main consideration about any particular event starts with the budget. Since bridal shower is part of a series of events that end with your special day, you might want to keep the budget small. It is important to plan your budget in advance so you can get your card designs selected and submitted for printing. You'll also need to determine the time that'll be required for distribution of cards. Keep in mind that delay in the printing of cards may increase your spending on distribution of cards because in that case you'll have to use expensive distribution methods to ensure the timely delivery of cards. Expensive courier services and other delivery methods can easily spoil your budget in such cases.
Ideally, bridal shower thank you cards should be sent no more than two weeks after the shower, but even if you forget, it is never too late to say thank you. Each and every attendant is to be thanked whether they brought a gift or not. Do not combine the thank you cards with any other type of card. For example, if two guests came to the bridal shower, and only one had given a gift, send each one a thank you card specifically for coming to the bridal shower, but then include an acknowledgment of the gift given by the one who presented it to you.
Invitations – When you're trying to come up with a unique bridal shower invitation idea, you can drive yourself crazy, but remember the bridal Shower invitation is the first impression of your party. The first thing you will want to ask yourself when you are thinking about a unique bridal shower invitation is, 'What is the theme of the shower. The theme is very important when you're deciding what kind of invitations to send. For example, if the theme of the bridal shower is a 'Cinderella story,' you can find beautiful imprinted invitations to match or create your own. Many desktop publishing programs have great invitation templates and your local office supply store has a great selection of paper products for printing.
Traditionally bridal shower invitation cards are the best way of inviting your loved ones to this prestigious event. However, in today's tech crazy world most people are losing the essence of card invitations amidst social networks and E-invites. Still major card designing brands are trying to revive the traditional nature of these events gradually. Bridal shower invitation cards need to be just as meticulously planned as any of the cards related to your special event. If you don't know everything that's required to perfectly organize this event then here are the top 3 considerations that you must keep in mind.
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Good ranch land or farm land. Van Vleck school district. Has current FSA payments. Front area would make a wonderful home site. Has solar powered water well.
Bay City Realty.
Copyright © 2019, Houston Realtors Information Service, Inc. All information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed and should be independently verified.
The IDX information is provided exclusively for consumers' personal, non-commercial use, it may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing. All information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed accurate by the MLS and should be independently verified.
Listing information last updated on October 16th, 2019 at 10:10pm CDT.


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21+ anschreiben vorlage pdf
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Gardner, Wisconsin
Gardner, Wisconsin
Location of Gardner, Wisconsin
|Coordinates: 44°48′46″N 87°34′59″W / 44.81278°N 87.58306°WCoordinates: 44°48′46″N 87°34′59″W / 44.81278°N 87.58306°W
|United States
|• Total
|113.5 sq mi (294.0 km2)
|• Land
|34.3 sq mi (88.8 km2)
|• Water
|79.2 sq mi (205.2 km2)
|604 ft (184 m)
|• Total
|• Density
|34.9/sq mi (13.5/km2)
|Time zone
|UTC-6 (Central (CST))
|• Summer (DST)
|Area code(s)
|FIPS code
|GNIS feature ID
Gardner is a town in Door County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,197 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated community of Little Sturgeon is located in the town.[3]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 113.5 square miles (294.0 km²), of which, 34.3 square miles (88.8 km²) of it is land and 79.2 square miles (205.2 km²) of it (69.80%) is water.
As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 1,197 people, 493 households, and 352 families residing in the town. The population density was 34.9 people per square mile (13.5/km²). There were 966 housing units at an average density of 28.2 per square mile (10.9/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.58% White, 0.25% African American, 1.42% Native American, 0.17% Asian, and 0.58% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.84% of the population.
There were 493 households out of which 28.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.5% were married couples living together, 4.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.6% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.85.
In the town, the population was spread out with 21.8% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 29.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.8 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $39,063, and the median income for a family was $46,071. Males had a median income of $30,833 versus $21,741 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,181. About 4.9% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.4% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.
Notable people[edit]
- William Moore, member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, was born in the town.[4]
- ^ a b "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ Map of the Town of Gardner, Door County Land Use Services Dept, August 16, 2017
- ^ 'Wisconsin Blue Book 1933,' Biographical Sketch of William Moore, pg. 233


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Christian Friend
Christian Friend: Volume 7
Letters on Profession and the Work of Grace
Letters on Profession and the Work of Grace
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Christian Friend
Christian Friend: Volume 7
• 12 min. read • grade level: 13
My Dear Brother, You touch upon the root of the matter towards the end of your letter, where you say, in reference to profession or confession, that you believe it means in the Scriptures the manifestation of a real inward thing, and not an outward thing where the inward is wanting; for there you own the
which exists between the inward and the outward, though I do not think you are right in holding that Scripture puts them as you say. I believe the Word shows that they are distinct, and that while profession should be true,
a true indication of what one believes and is subject to, at the same time, this has not been, and is not always the case with those who profess. The general principle of the distinction between the two things is given in
Rom. 10:10
For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation. (Romans 10:10)
: "With
the heart
man believeth unto righteousness, and with
the mouth,
confession is made unto salvation."
When the Scriptures speak of life, or of the heart being purified, it is in connection with the
of God, which makes that a
work (see
Acts 15:7-9
And when there had been much disputing, Peter rose up, and said unto them, Men and brethren, ye know how that a good while ago God made choice among us, that the Gentiles by my mouth should hear the word of the gospel, and believe.
And God, which knoweth the hearts, bare them witness, giving them the Holy Ghost, even as he did unto us;
And put no difference between us and them, purifying their hearts by faith. (Acts 15:7‑9)
1 Peter 1:18-23
Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers;
But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot:
Who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times for you,
Who by him do believe in God, that raised him up from the dead, and gave him glory; that your faith and hope might be in God.
Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, see that ye love one another with a pure heart fervently:
Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever. (1 Peter 1:18‑23)
); so He says, " My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me: and I give unto them eternal life; and they shall
perish, neither shall any (man or devil) catch them out of my hand; " and this security rests on His divinity. " I and the Father are one." (
John 10:27-30
My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me:
And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand.
My Father, which gave them me, is greater than all; and no man is able to pluck them out of my Father's hand.
I and my Father are one. (John 10:27‑30)
) But profession is generally connected with privileges, and responsibility is always pressed where these are seen. Thus Heb. 3 says, " Holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly
"-not "partakers of
consider the Apostle and High Priest of our
not " of our salvation;" and the whole epistle proceeds upon this ground, showing the privileges which professing Christians enjoy, and their
responsibility in view of these,
and therefore the epistle is full of warnings and ifs.
Thus chap. 1. shows that we have been spoken to by no less glorious a person than the Son of God (it is not a question of having received His word by faith, but of being addressed by such an One, and therefore responsible to pay attention and adhere to what He has said), and so the warning in chap. 2: 1-4 comes in,
"we ought
to give the more earnest heed to the things which we have heard,
lest at any time
we should let them slip," and " how shall we escape if we neglect so great salvation? " &c. Chapter 2 shows who is the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, and the call to us to " consider " (it is not to
Him comes in. (3: 1, 2) Chapter 3 then shows who it is that our profession (in v. 1) brings us into connection,
not union,
with (as it is His "house," not His "body," which is spoken of), and we are His house
" if
we hold fast," &c. (v. 6) For this reason we are to " take heed, lest there be in any one of us an evil heart of unbelief in departing from the living God." (v. 12) If the people were looked at as the possessors of
this never could be said. When the Hebrew Christians are spoken to on that ground in the confidence which the thought of grace inspires, as in chap. 10: 39, the language is quite a contrast to this.
Paul had been giving a solemn warning in chap. 10., lest after knowing what the work of Christ had accomplished, viz., that it had opened free access to God (and not as it had been under law), any should draw back and give that up; but in verse 39, he turns and expresses the confidence which he had through grace in the Hebrew Christians. "We are," he says, linking himself with them,
them which
to the
the soul,"
which is of course quite different from saying, " We are those who have made a good profession." Where the latter word comes in in chap. 10., it is said (v. 23), " Let us hold fast the profession of our faith," &c. In chap. 3., further, verse 14, "We are
partakers" (or "fellows,"
not "
members") " of Christ,
we hold fast the beginning of our confidence," &c. Then the example of Israel is adduced
15-19) to bring in a warning (iv. 1) lest we should not enter into the rest which Christ leads into, as some of the Israelites entered not into the rest in their day.
Chapter 5 speaks of Christ's glory as priest, which is put before us as something which we
know practically; and chap. 6. follows with a warning lest those who had come into connection with such privileges should fall away from
(the thought is not that they had been brought to
and might fall away from Him. 6: 1-8), though again Paul's confidence in the Hebrew Christians as
those who had more
than mere possession of privileges comes out in verses 9-12. Then 7., 8., 9., and part of 10., are all taken up with unfolding Christ in various characters, to show in other lights the great privileges of Christianity, and they are all summed up in 10: 19-21, to press in verses 22-31, the responsibility on us, who profess faith in it all, to " hold fast," and the warning in case we do not.
Then, as I have pointed out, there was much in the case of the Hebrew Christians to reassure Paul's heart about them as
saved and
(not simply professors) of faith, and so this comes out in verses 32-29. The characteristics of true faith are thereupon brought out in chap. 11, and practical exhortation follows on this ground; but this not being so distinctly
as what the former part of the epistle teaches, the warnings are not so severe; but they are there, showing that the people were addressed as responsible, and not as possessors of life. (12: 1, 3-5, 12-17, 25, 29, &c)
I have touched upon this before entering upon your questions about Israel, because it is well to see that Scripture establishes the general principle before we come to any applications of it.
We see, I may also note, in
1 Tim. 2:10
But (which becometh women professing godliness) with good works. (1 Timothy 2:10)
, "good works " named as that "which becomes women professing godliness," showing that the profession was not looked upon as
a pledge of a true heart; for the good works give evidence that it, viz., the profession, is true. The good works are the adorning which is suitable or becoming to a true profession, and the thought therefore is not that the profession itself is the evidence that the women are godly.
Rom. 1:22
Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools, (Romans 1:22)
, and
Titus 1:16
They profess that they know God; but in works they deny him, being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate. (Titus 1:16)
, we see men professing one thing while their lives give evidence that their hearts are very different from their profession. And in
Rom. 14:11
For it is written, As I live, saith the Lord, every knee shall bow to me, and every tongue shall confess to God. (Romans 14:11)
, and
Phil. 2:11
And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father. (Philippians 2:11)
, we see that there are many who will confess Christ, but not be saved, or not have any love for Him in the future. So I think it plain that Scripture shows that profession and life are not confounded, and that
profession is not presented as the manifestation of a real inward thing, but is a distinct and external thing requiring evidence to prove whether it be true or false.
With regard to Israel, if
Heb. 11:29
By faith they passed through the Red sea as by dry land: which the Egyptians assaying to do were drowned. (Hebrews 11:29)
had said, " By faith
the Israelites,
passed through the Red Sea," &c., it would have been strong evidence that the nation had possessed faith when they did so, whatever might have become their condition afterward, because that chapter describes the characteristics, and bears testimony to the action, of true faith; but the verse
does not say so.
It merely says, "By faith they passed through the Red Sea," &c., the former verse having spoken of Moses and the passover, where it says, " By faith
kept the passover and the sprinkling of blood," &c. Thus verse 29 stands by itself, and speaks only of those who had faith, not of all who passed through the sea; and it is purposely indefinite in the expression "they," which is used (Israel not being mentioned at all), because in chap. 3. of the same epistle, it is expressly said that some of them " believed not" (vv. 16-19), and that they " could not enter into the rest because of unbelief." There is this difference between the passing through the Red Sea and the entering into Canaan, that in the former, God did everything, and the people only looked on and experienced His deliverance; the word to them being, " Stand still, and see the salvation (or deliverance) of God,"
God undertook for the people without any question as to their state, which indeed did not give much evidence of the calmness of faith. (See
Ex. 14:10-13
And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians marched after them; and they were sore afraid: and the children of Israel cried out unto the Lord.
And they said unto Moses, Because there were no graves in Egypt, hast thou taken us away to die in the wilderness? wherefore hast thou dealt thus with us, to carry us forth out of Egypt?
Is not this the word that we did tell thee in Egypt, saying, Let us alone, that we may serve the Egyptians? For it had been better for us to serve the Egyptians, than that we should die in the wilderness.
And Moses said unto the people, Fear ye not, stand still, and see the salvation of the Lord, which he will show to you to day: for the Egyptians whom ye have seen to day, ye shall see them again no more for ever. (Exodus 14:10‑13)
) Whereas in the latter, entering the land involved conflict and exertion on their part, and so results depended upon their faithfulness as responsible. (
Num. 33:50-56
And the Lord spake unto Moses in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying,
Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye are passed over Jordan into the land of Canaan;
Then ye shall drive out all the inhabitants of the land from before you, and destroy all their pictures, and destroy all their molten images, and quite pluck down all their high places:
And ye shall dispossess the inhabitants of the land, and dwell therein: for I have given you the land to possess it.
And ye shall divide the land by lot for an inheritance among your families: and to the more ye shall give the more inheritance, and to the fewer ye shall give the less inheritance: every man's inheritance shall be in the place where his lot falleth; according to the tribes of your fathers ye shall inherit.
But if ye will not drive out the inhabitants of the land from before you; then it shall come to pass, that those which ye let remain of them shall be pricks in your eyes, and thorns in your sides, and shall vex you in the land wherein ye dwell.
Moreover it shall come to pass, that I shall do unto you, as I thought to do unto them. (Numbers 33:50‑56)
If you read verses 1-9, with 29-31. of Ex. 4, and verses 30 and 31 of Ex. 14, you will see that what is spoken of is the people's believing the evidence of what they saw; a very different thing from faith which connects the soul with God, because, as I once said to you, we see the same sort of " belief " in those who were certainly not saved, in
Ex. 8:16-19
And the Lord said unto Moses, Say unto Aaron, Stretch out thy rod, and smite the dust of the land, that it may become lice throughout all the land of Egypt.
And they did so; for Aaron stretched out his hand with his rod, and smote the dust of the earth, and it became lice in man, and in beast; all the dust of the land became lice throughout all the land of Egypt.
And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice upon man, and upon beast.
Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh, This is the finger of God: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as the Lord had said. (Exodus 8:16‑19)
John 2:23-25
Now when he was in Jerusalem at the passover, in the feast day, many believed in his name, when they saw the miracles which he did.
But Jesus did not commit himself unto them, because he knew all men,
And needed not that any should testify of man: for he knew what was in man. (John 2:23‑25)
Acts 8:6,9,10,13,20-23
And the people with one accord gave heed unto those things which Philip spake, hearing and seeing the miracles which he did. (Acts 8:6)
But there was a certain man, called Simon, which beforetime in the same city used sorcery, and bewitched the people of Samaria, giving out that himself was some great one:
To whom they all gave heed, from the least to the greatest, saying, This man is the great power of God. (Acts 8:9‑10)
Then Simon himself believed also: and when he was baptized, he continued with Philip, and wondered, beholding the miracles and signs which were done. (Acts 8:13)
But Peter said unto him, Thy money perish with thee, because thou hast thought that the gift of God may be purchased with money.
Thou hast neither part nor lot in this matter: for thy heart is not right in the sight of God.
Repent therefore of this thy wickedness, and pray God, if perhaps the thought of thine heart may be forgiven thee.
For I perceive that thou art in the gall of bitterness, and in the bond of iniquity. (Acts 8:20‑23)
We must not forget also that the deliverance in Ex. 14, though in
it was the deliverance of God from spiritual enemies, and though
where there was faith
this result might be recognized as the proper fruit of connection with God, yet actually, or in
it was deliverance from visible enemies, and faith was not
to ensure a share in it. God did not deal with them on the ground of faith in delivering them, but on the ground of His promise and grace in fulfilling it to them in spite of their being evil; and, moreover, the words which you quote from
Ex. 14:31
And Israel saw that great work which the Lord did upon the Egyptians: and the people feared the Lord, and believed the Lord, and his servant Moses. (Exodus 14:31)
, were spoken of what was
to the passage through the Bed Sea, and describe the state of the people consequent upon what they saw in that passage and immediately after it, and
their state before that " baptism " took place.
Ex. 4:29
And Moses and Aaron went and gathered together all the elders of the children of Israel: (Exodus 4:29)
, Moses and Aaron gathered
the elders
of the people, and in verses 30 and 31, these are called " the people," and " the children of Israel" are seen thus in the persons of their representatives, and get credit for what they do, although in fact they may have, and must have, formed a small number compared with the whole nation. They were the heads of the people, and represented the people then and always. This is a principle of frequent occurrence in the Scriptures, and an instance illustrating it is seen in Israel's future history. In the day that is coming it is said, " All Israel shall be saved " (
Rom. 11:26
And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob: (Romans 11:26)
); but when we examine the prophecies which treat of that time, we find that only a very small " remnant " of Israel will be blessed, the great majority of the nation being cut off in judgment. (See
Isa. 6:9-13;10:20-23; 41:17; 52:12
And he said, Go, and tell this people, Hear ye indeed, but understand not; and see ye indeed, but perceive not.
Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed.
Then said I, Lord, how long? And he answered, Until the cities be wasted without inhabitant, and the houses without man, and the land be utterly desolate,
And the Lord have removed men far away, and there be a great forsaking in the midst of the land.
But yet in it shall be a tenth, and it shall return, and shall be eaten: as a teil tree, and as an oak, whose substance is in them, when they cast their leaves: so the holy seed shall be the substance thereof. (Isaiah 6:9‑13)
And it shall come to pass in that day, that the remnant of Israel, and such as are escaped of the house of Jacob, shall no more again stay upon him that smote them; but shall stay upon the Lord, the Holy One of Israel, in truth.
The remnant shall return, even the remnant of Jacob, unto the mighty God.
For though thy people Israel be as the sand of the sea, yet a remnant of them shall return: the consumption decreed shall overflow with righteousness.
For the Lord God of hosts shall make a consumption, even determined, in the midst of all the land. (Isaiah 10:20‑23)
When the poor and needy seek water, and there is none, and their tongue faileth for thirst, I the Lord will hear them, I the God of Israel will not forsake them. (Isaiah 41:17)
For ye shall not go out with haste, nor go by flight: for the Lord will go before you; and the God of Israel will be your rereward. (Isaiah 52:12)
Jer. 23:3
And I will gather the remnant of my flock out of all countries whither I have driven them, and will bring them again to their folds; and they shall be fruitful and increase. (Jeremiah 23:3)
Ezek. 6:8; 14:22
Yet will I leave a remnant, that ye may have some that shall escape the sword among the nations, when ye shall be scattered through the countries. (Ezekiel 6:8)
Yet, behold, therein shall be left a remnant that shall be brought forth, both sons and daughters: behold, they shall come forth unto you, and ye shall see their way and their doings: and ye shall be comforted concerning the evil that I have brought upon Jerusalem, even concerning all that I have brought upon it. (Ezekiel 14:22)
Joel 2:28-3:21
And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions:
And also upon the servants and upon the handmaids in those days will I pour out my spirit.
And I will show wonders in the heavens and in the earth, blood, and fire, and pillars of smoke.
The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and the terrible day of the Lord come.
And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be delivered: for in mount Zion and in Jerusalem shall be deliverance, as the Lord hath said, and in the remnant whom the Lord shall call.
For, behold, in those days, and in that time, when I shall bring again the captivity of Judah and Jerusalem,
I will also gather all nations, and will bring them down into the valley of Jehoshaphat, and will plead with them there for my people and for my heritage Israel, whom they have scattered among the nations, and parted my land.
And they have cast lots for my people; and have given a boy for an harlot, and sold a girl for wine, that they might drink.
Yea, and what have ye to do with me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the coasts of Palestine? will ye render me a recompence? and if ye recompense me, swiftly and speedily will I return your recompence upon your own head;
Because ye have taken my silver and my gold, and have carried into your temples my goodly pleasant things:
The children also of Judah and the children of Jerusalem have ye sold unto the Grecians, that ye might remove them far from their border.
Behold, I will raise them out of the place whither ye have sold them, and will return your recompence upon your own head:
And I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hand of the children of Judah, and they shall sell them to the Sabeans, to a people far off: for the Lord hath spoken it.
Proclaim ye this among the Gentiles; Prepare war, wake up the mighty men, let all the men of war draw near; let them come up:
Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruninghooks into spears: let the weak say, I am strong.
Assemble yourselves, and come, all ye heathen, and gather yourselves together round about: thither cause thy mighty ones to come down, O Lord.
Let the heathen be wakened, and come up to the valley of Jehoshaphat: for there will I sit to judge all the heathen round about.
Put ye in the sickle, for the harvest is ripe: come, get you down; for the press is full, the fats overflow; for their wickedness is great.
Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of decision: for the day of the Lord is near in the valley of decision.
The sun and the moon shall be darkened, and the stars shall withdraw their shining.
The Lord also shall roar out of Zion, and utter his voice from Jerusalem; and the heavens and the earth shall shake: but the Lord will be the hope of his people, and the strength of the children of Israel.
So shall ye know that I am the Lord your God dwelling in Zion, my holy mountain: then shall Jerusalem be holy, and there shall no strangers pass through her any more.
And it shall come to pass in that day, that the mountains shall drop down new wine, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the rivers of Judah shall flow with waters, and a fountain shall come forth of the house of the Lord, and shall water the valley of Shittim.
Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence against the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.
But Judah shall dwell for ever, and Jerusalem from generation to generation.
For I will cleanse their blood that I have not cleansed: for the Lord dwelleth in Zion. (Joel 2:28‑3:21)
This remnant, however, gets the place and blessings of Israel, and is thus the representative of the nation.
The subject of 1 Cor. 10 is privilege, and the responsibility which flows from partaking in that to those who partake, whoever they are. So the passage, "did all eat the same spiritual meat," and " did all drink the same spiritual drink," &c., says something
about the meat and the drink,
nothing about the people
who partook of them
they did partake.
They participated in all these privileges;
baptism unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea, the spiritual meat and the spiritual drink which were provided (and true as well as false ones did so, "they did all eat
the same,"
&c), and yet many of them were proved in the long run to have been unworthy partakers, and we are to take warning by them, lest after partaking of our privileges we should sin and be destroyed as they. There is no thought of the possession of life, or of God's grace and its results in the chapter, but there is that of the privileges enjoyed by the people, and, even in spite of these, their course with its results.
Heb. 3, to which you refer, does describe this evil course of theirs-" they do always err in
and they have not known my ways; " " howbeit not all that came out of Egypt by Moses " provoked Him, but " to whom sware He that they should not enter into His rest, but to
them that believed not?"-and
in view of this description I can only believe that these never had faith; for although they
they did not
and the end merely showed out what was their state all along. To say that at one time they had faith and were right in heart, and that subsequently they lost the one, and went wrong in the other, seems to me not only to be at issue with their history, but also to shut out altogether
the work of grace
in any soul, because this wherever it exists is perfect and eternal in its effects.
I may just note, before closing, that
Matt. 25:14-30
For the kingdom of heaven is as a man travelling into a far country, who called his own servants, and delivered unto them his goods.
And unto one he gave five talents, to another two, and to another one; to every man according to his several ability; and straightway took his journey.
Then he that had received the five talents went and traded with the same, and made them other five talents.
And likewise he that had received two, he also gained other two.
But he that had received one went and digged in the earth, and hid his lord's money.
After a long time the lord of those servants cometh, and reckoneth with them.
And so he that had received five talents came and brought other five talents, saying, Lord, thou deliveredst unto me five talents: behold, I have gained beside them five talents more.
His lord said unto him, Well done, thou good and faithful servant: thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make thee ruler over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy lord.
He also that had received two talents came and said, Lord, thou deliveredst unto me two talents: behold, I have gained two other talents beside them.
His lord said unto him, Well done, good and faithful servant; thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make thee ruler over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy lord.
Then he which had received the one talent came and said, Lord, I knew thee that thou art an hard man, reaping where thou hast not sown, and gathering where thou hast not strawed:
And I was afraid, and went and hid thy talent in the earth: lo, there thou hast that is thine.
His lord answered and said unto him, Thou wicked and slothful servant, thou knewest that I reap where I sowed not, and gather where I have not strawed:
Thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the exchangers, and then at my coming I should have received mine own with usury.
Take therefore the talent from him, and give it unto him which hath ten talents.
For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath.
And cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. (Matthew 25:14‑30)
Luke 19:12-26
He said therefore, A certain nobleman went into a far country to receive for himself a kingdom, and to return.
And he called his ten servants, and delivered them ten pounds, and said unto them, Occupy till I come.
But his citizens hated him, and sent a message after him, saying, We will not have this man to reign over us.
And it came to pass, that when he was returned, having received the kingdom, then he commanded these servants to be called unto him, to whom he had given the money, that he might know how much every man had gained by trading.
Then came the first, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained ten pounds.
And he said unto him, Well, thou good servant: because thou hast been faithful in a very little, have thou authority over ten cities.
And the second came, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained five pounds.
And he said likewise to him, Be thou also over five cities.
And another came, saying, Lord, behold, here is thy pound, which I have kept laid up in a napkin:
For I feared thee, because thou art an austere man: thou takest up that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou didst not sow.
And he saith unto him, Out of thine own mouth will I judge thee, thou wicked servant. Thou knewest that I was an austere man, taking up that I laid not down, and reaping that I did not sow:
Wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury?
And he said unto them that stood by, Take from him the pound, and give it to him that hath ten pounds.
(And they said unto him, Lord, he hath ten pounds.)
For I say unto you, That unto every one which hath shall be given; and from him that hath not, even that he hath shall be taken away from him. (Luke 19:12‑26)
show how the Lord acknowledges and deals with false profession. It is plain that the wicked servant's condemnation is, that while he occupied the position of a servant he never did one bit of service;
he really was no servant;
but the Lord in reckoning with him does not condemn him as no servant, but rather takes him up on the ground of his profession, acknowledges it, and condemns him
a (wicked and unprofitable)
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As is the complaint of every media consumer, news can often be so depressing. Rita Kovtun sought to change that with the theme of this year's Minneapolis College of Art and Design Magazine: community engagement.
Kovtun works as the primary writer and editor for MCAD Magazine NEXT. Part of the scrappy two-person communications team, she writes articles and features, takes photographs, and creates postcards and other marketing materials for the college. "From conception to completion, NEXT takes a little over half a year. I'm still doing editing and marketing, so it's definitely a big undertaking," Kovtun said.
Though she often recruits students to help with the development of the magazine, she said former MCAD President Jay Coogan often helped suggest magazine themes to follow. According to Kovtun, previous years' themes included purpose-driven education, scholarships, and programs and facilities. However, she said this particular issue held a special place for her.
"I think this was my favorite issue to work on because of the powerful stories I got to help tell around what MCAD students, alumni, faculty and staff are doing in terms of working together with outside communities," she said. This year's magazine included features on Jack Becker and John Davis, two alumni who pioneered public art and creative placemaking, Bethany Iverson, one of the founders of a new co-working space for women and non-binary folk in the North Loop area of Minneapolis, and Amanda Lovelee, the City Artist for Saint Paul Public Art who tries to increase diversity and participation in Saint Paul's urban planning process.
The magazine also focuses heavily on showcasing the artistic abilities of students and alumni. For the past four years, the magazine has featured former or current students' artwork in a fold out and on the cover. MCAD's publication won three MMPA awards in 2017, including a Silver Award in Cover Design.
Kovtun said one of the challenges of working within a theme is being careful in telling the stories of students going in to improve communities. She said it was important not to focus solely on students' perspectives but hear the voices of the communities in which they were involved to tell a more complete story.
"Obviously there's a lot of challenges in the world, but [the magazine] is trying to offer a hopeful perspective to show people who are trying to solve these issues, and do it together and collaboratively," Kovtun said. "We really try to emphasize that it's a two-way street and an exchange that's happening. We just show the amazing work the people who have come through MCAD are doing."
Check out some of the community engagement of MCAD's students and alumni in the Spring 2019 issue of NEXT.


text:
A new barbecue restaurant is in the works in downtown Dayton.
The project is still in an early developmental stage, but Texas Beef & Cattle Company founder and owner James Nuñez, who operates a restaurant in the Wright-Dunbar District west of downtown, confirmed to this news outlet that he has submitted a letter of intent to lease space on the ground floor of a CareSource building at 217 N. Patterson Blvd.
>> Nick DiSalvo, co-owner of Mamma DiSalvo's Italian Ristorante in Kettering, passes away
That location puts the new barbecue restaurant next door to a Winans Chocolaltes + Coffee shop that is coming soon to 219 N. Patterson Blvd.
The 6,000-square-foot restaurant would seat an estimated 144 inside and potentially another 24 on a patio, Nuñez said.
The new restaurant "would give us a better opportunity to show off South Texas-style barbecue and the true vision of what it can be," Nuñez said.
>> RELATED: Winans to open new chocolate & coffee shop in downtown Dayton
The Texas Beef & Cattle founder said plans call for the restaurant to serve breakfast, lunch and dinner, and he estimated it will create 30 to 45 new jobs.
If all goes well, "We'd like to have something ready to go by mid-November," Nuñez said.
>> The BEST festivals and fairs in Dayton this weekend
The downtown Dayton restaurant is envisioned as a second location for Texas Beef & Cattle, although Nuñez said the long-term viability of his 1,800-square-foot restaurant at 1101 W. Third St. is uncertain, because of the upcoming reconstruction of the West Third Street bridge over the Great Miami River.
His downtown restaurant, Nuñez said, would offer an expanded menu, including grilled steaks and seafood, as well as vegetarian offerings. And he said he will consider applying for a beer-only license for the space. His West Third Street restaurant has a beer-only license.
>> Moraine tavern once popular with auto workers is now on the auction block
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The Soaring Safety Foundation (SSF) is the Training and Safety arm of the Soaring Society of America (SSA). Our mission is to provide instructors and pilots with the tools needed to teach/learn both the stick & rudder skills and the Aeronautical Decision Making skills needed to safely fly a glider. We also provide information and analysis of incident and accident trends in order to develop better training tools.
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|During one flight, the student landed the ASK 21 and had done a fairly good job but was a bit long and were on the roll out and I relaxed a bit. I couldn't see rubber cone (the one we had set out to mark a ground hog hole) in front of us from the back seat. The student tried to avoid the cone by going to the left of it but he didn't get the the glider turned enough to avoid it and the left wing hit it. When I saw what was happening I tried to get the left wing up to avoid hitting it. I was not successful in getting the wing up and we hit the cone. There were black marks on the lead edge of the left wing and black marks on the underside of the wing. When we got back to hangar, we used polish to get all the black marks off the wing successfully. However there are two very small indentations in the underside of the left wing from rolling over the cone.
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|Had I been more vigilant on the landing roll out, we could have just turned slightly right and avoided the cone. The VASI light on the right side of the grass runway 14 probably influenced the student to try turning to the left. What I learned from this is that you can never relax with low time students until the glider completely stops and you are out of the glider.
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In a new country the rapid growth of cities is both natural and necessary, for no efficient industrial organization of a new settlement is possible without industrial centres to carry on the necessary work of assembling and distributing goods. A Mississippi Valley empire rising suddenly into being without its Chicago and its smaller centres of distribution is almost inconceivable to the nineteenth century economist. That America is the "land of mushroom cities" is therefore not at all surprising. But, on the other hand, it is astonishing that the development of the cities in a new country should outstrip that of the rural districts which they serve. The natural presumption would be that so long as land remains open to settlement, the superfluous population of the older States or of Europe would seek the fundamental, or foodproducing, industry of agriculture, and build up cities only in a corresponding degree. Yet in the great cereal regions of the West, the cities have grown entirely out of proportion to the rural parts, resulting there, as in the East and in Europe, in an increasing concentration of the population. . . . It is now clear that the growth of cities must be studied as a part of the question of distribution of population, which is always dependent upon the economic organization of society-upon the constant striving to maintain as many people as possible upon a given area. The ever-present problem is so to distribute and organize the masses of men that they can render such services as favor the maintenance of the nation and thereby accomplish their own preservation. Population follows the line of least resistance in its distribution, and will consequently be affected by changes in the methods of production. When the industrial organization demands the presence of laborers in particular localities in order to increase its efficiency, laborers will be found there; the means of attraction will have been "better living"-in other words, an appeal to the motive of self-interest. Economic forces are therefore the principal cause of concentration of population in cities. ... Now, without stretching the analogy, we may liken industrial society of to-dayembracing all countries within the circle of exchange of products-to a great organism composed of heterogeneous parts. This organism, however, is the product of ages of slow growth. Originally, in place of the one all-embracing social organism, there were myriads of small social units, each complete in itself and independent of the others, if not positively hostile to them. The history of civilization is simply the narrative description of the breaking down of the barriers that separated the primitive social units-the original family group, clan, patriarchal family, the enlarged village community or the manorial group. And the most conspicuous and influential role in the process was played by the trader, working upon men's desires for what they did not possess or produce. Neither war (conquest) nor religion has been of so vital and far-reaching influence in the integration and amalgamation of isolated social groups as trade and commerce. When, therefore, it is pointed out that towns owe their origin to trade, that the commercial
metropolis of to-day is the successor of the primitive market-place established beside the boundary stone between hostile but avaricious tribal groups, that the extension of the market means the enlargement of the market-centre-then one will readily perceive the connection of the growth of industrial society to its present world-wide dimensions with our problem of the concentration of population. . . . If men were like other animals and had no further wants than bodily appetites and passions, there would be no large aggregations of people; for in order to produce food, men must live either in scattered habitations like American farmers, or in hamlets like the ancient family or tribal group, the village community, the Russian mir, and the modern agricultural village of Continental Europe. Even with a comparatively high grade of wants, men may live in these small groups, each of which is economically autonomous and self-sufficing, producing for itself and buying and selling little if anything. It is the period of the Naturalwirthschaft, in which all payments are in kind. The principle of division of labor finally led to the disruption of the village community, but its triumph was long delayed. The principle was of course grasped only imperfectly by primitive man. At first the only division was that based on sex, age, muscular power, or relation to the governing head of the group; in other respects there was no assignment of special tasks to particular individuals. Very gradually men discovered among themselves differences of natural aptitude. The members of a community at length realized that it was more economical to have their flour made in a village mill by one member who should give all his time to that particular work, than to have it made by bits in a score of individual mills. One by one other industries have followed the mill-have departed from the separate households and taken up their abode in a central establishment. Clothing ceased to be made at home; there arose a village weaver and a village shoemaker. To this process of development there is almost no conceivable end. Only a few years ago the American farmer not only raised his own food, but furnished his own fuel and sometimes made his own clothing. Now, however, he is a specialist, and thinks nothing of going to the market even for table supplies. Formerly, the farmer made his own tools; now he buys implements made in factories. But yesterday, and the men who reaped the fields of ripe grain were bound to the soil and compelled to dwell in isolated homes or small communities; to-day these men live in cities and make machinery to reap the grin. Thus, it appears that agriculture, the industry that disperses men, has ever narrowed its scope. Formerly, when men's wants were few and simple, agriculture was the allembracing occupation. The agriculturist produced the necessary sustenance, and in his idle moments made whatever else he needed. But human wants have greatly multiplied and can no longer be satiated with food-products alone. Moreover, the business of providing for the new wants has been separated from agriculture. The total result is that the proportion of people who must devote themselves to the satisfaction of the elementary wants of society has vastly diminished and is still diminishing. And this result is attained not only by the diminishing importance of bread and butter in the realm of human wants, but also by the increased per capita product which a specialized body of workers can win from the soil. By the use of fertilizers, by highly scientific methods of cultivation, by labor-saving machinery, and by the construction of transportation systems to open up distant and virgin fields, the present century has immensely reduced the relative number of workers who must remain attached to the soil to provide society's food-supply.
These facts are of fundamental importance in seeking the causes of urban growth. For cities are made up of persons who do not cultivate the soil; their existence presupposes a surplus food-supply, which in turn premises either great fertility of the soil or an advanced stage of the agricultural arts, and in either case convenient means of transportation.