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Sport Climbing
Olympic Sports
Sport Climbing
Sport climbing makes its Olympic debut, with athletes winning gold thanks to the power and strength in their fingertips.
Sport climbing takes the challenge of scaling steep ascents to a whole new level. Climbers use brightly-coloured hand, finger and foot holds, their climbing skills and all the strength their bodies can muster to work their way up a near-vertical wall.
The sport will make its Olympic debut at Tokyo 2020 and will feature three disciplines: Speed, Bouldering and Lead. Speed climbing pits two climbers against each other, both climbing a fixed route on a 15-metre wall. In Bouldering, climbers scale a number of fixed routes on a 4m wall in a specified time. In Lead, athletes attempt to climb as high as possible on a wall measuring over 15m in height within a fixed time. At the Games, each climber will compete in all three disciplines, and the final rankings will be determined by multiplying the placement in each discipline, with the athletes with the lowest scores winning medals.
In some disciplines, climbers attach safety ropes; however, no other equipment is permitted and competitors must climb using only their bare hands and climbing shoes. The sport requires strength, flexibility and skill together with careful advance planning: the first ever medallists will all possess this unique combination of physical and mental capability and decisiveness.
International Federation:International Federation of Sport Climbing
Event Programme
- Bouldering, Lead & Speed Combined (Men/Women)
Three disciplines, one goal
A variety of techniques are required for success in sport climbing:
• Speed
Two climbers secure safety ropes to themselves and attempt to scale a 15m-high wall, set at an angle of 95 degrees, faster than their opponent. Winning times for men's events tend to be around the five- to six-second mark, while women's events are usually won in around seven or eight seconds. A false start results in instant disqualification.
• Bouldering
In Bouldering, climbers scale as many fixed routes on a 4m-high wall as they can within four minutes. The routes vary in difficulty and climbers are not permitted to practise climbing them in advance. When a climber grabs the final hold at the top of a route with both hands, they are deemed to have completed it. Climbers tackle the wall without safety ropes and can try a route again if they fall during their initial attempt.
The walls used for bouldering present a range of challenges, with overhangs and holds so small that they can only be held by the fingertips. Climbers must plan each move carefully, thinking about which hand and which foot to place in the next holds, while constantly being aware of the time limit. The physical and mental dexterity required for success is extraordinary.
• Lead
Lead involves athletes attempting to climb as high as they can on a wall measuring more than 15m in height within six minutes. The climbers use safety ropes and attach the rope to quickdraws (equipment that allows the rope to run freely while leading) along the route. When a climber attaches their rope to the top quickdraw, they have completed the climb. If a climber falls, the height attained is recorded. There are no re-climbs.
If two or more athletes complete the climb or reach exactly the same height, the fastest to do so is declared the winner. This is a demanding whole-body activity and dynamic climbing techniques are to the fore.
To prevent athletes gaining an advantage from watching others scaling the bouldering and lead climbing walls before them, each climber is kept away from the climb site before their turn and given just a few minutes to examine the wall and the routes prior to starting.
The shoes used in sport climbing are very different from those worn for other sports. In which ways?Answer
A:They are extremely tight
even to the extent that the toes curl up. When putting on their shoes, climbers squeeze their feet in so tightly to make it easier for them to cling on to holds on the wall with their toes. Also, the soles of the shoes are very soft with an extremely good grip to prevent sliding.
As of 1 Dec. 2018
Competition Venues
- Aomi Urban Sports Park


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The locally produced teen flick 16-LOVE, directed by Denverite Adam Lipsius and starring Lindsay Shaw (The Howling and Pretty Little Liars) as a kid tennis phenom, premieres today at the Denver FilmCenter with screenings starting at 2 p.m. It's a high school love story with a hard sports edge; though the protagonist, Ally "Smash" Mash, has devoted every waking moment to her sport, a twisted ankle leads her into the uncharted realms of young love and life off the court.
Got a kid who's running a racket? Go see this movie. Here's the preview:
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Tickets are $7 to $9.75; get yours online or call 303-595-3456.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Getting a Great Job with a Retail Background
"Life moves pretty fast. If you don't look around once in a while, you might miss it."
- Ferris Bueller
Now while this classic movie quote comes from a fictional, suburban high schooler, it rings true, especially when you apply it to your career. Work can become so busy (not to mention everything outside your job) that it's hard to find time to reflect on what we've learned and how we've grown. The thing is, no matter what job you're working in, you're gaining new skills. That's why Skillist is on a mission to help you take stock of your constantly evolving skillset, and to use that self-knowledge to snag an awesome job.
Retail is a very common profession - and one that is commonly undersold. If you've worked in retail before, do you possess the skills in the list below? And if you do, are you accounting for it as you plan your next career move?
Top 10 Skills Most Common Among Retail Workers*
Communication Skills
Customer Service
Sales and Marketing
Relationship Management
Attention to detail
Maybe you already know that customer service is a huge selling point on your resume, or that you're a shoe-in for a gig in sales. If not, don't sell yourself short - retail experience provides many great skills that can elevate your career. Plus - these skills are transferrable to tons of different industries. Below you'll find a list of the top job categories and industries that require retail skills - you'll see everything from travel to health care. We hope you'll be inspired by some new career pathways that you may not have considered before!
Top 10 Job Categories with the Most In-Demand Retail Skills*
Sales (Business)
Customer Service (Business)
Advertising and Marketing (Business)
Restaurant (Food and Beverage)
Insurance (Finance and Insurance)
Business Services (Business)
Communications (Business)
Business Development (Business)
Warehousing (Transportation and Storage)
Events (Arts and Entertainment)
Top 10 Industries with the Most In-Demand Retail Skills*
Food and Beverage
Finance and Insurance
Transportation and Storage
Arts and Entertainment
Industrial Goods and Services
Health Care
Travel and Tourism
Skillist is a fairer and more effective way to apply to jobs. Our platform allows you to apply for roles based on what you can do, rather than where you come from. Browse all jobs now.
*Thank you to Christine Barerra of ZipRecruiter for these statistics.


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Installation, Data Visualisation
30° – Visualising Ocean Data
Back Download
In view of the fact that ocean waters are an important part of the global ecosystem, this installation focuses on scientific efforts to gain a better understanding of the sea. The exhibited data originate from measurements taken along the 30th meridian west, which, for the most part, runs across the open sea. Short animations visualise scientific parameters like temperature, salinity or oxygen concentration. By merging light, space and animated graphics into an artistic underwater world, plain information is converted into an aesthetic experience.
[Red Dot: Junior Award]
- Client:Wissenschaft im Dialog gGmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Design:Mathias Foot Stephan Schakulat Franziska Rast Janna Nikoleit, Kiel, Germany


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DFW, Love Field get makeovers in time for end of Wright Amendment
Dallas/Fort Worth Airport and Dallas Love Field have spent several years and millions of dollars getting gussied up for Oct. 13.
When the Wright Amendment flight restrictions are lifted next week at Dallas Love Field, travelers will be able to board long-haul flights out of a brand new terminal.
And 15 miles away, DFW is overhauling all of its domestic terminals with features including terrazzo floors, windows that admit more natural light and high-end concessionaires.
Both airports have improved the customer experience, adding power ports for passengers to charge phones and laptops in the terminals and changing out restaurants to offer a greater variety of food and beverages.
The changes aren't all operational either. A kinetic fine art piece hangs in the new baggage claim area at Love Field while DFW Airport offers comfort zones where passengers can take a nap or get a massage.
"The airport of the future really needs to be more than just a place where you walk off one plane and get on another," said Byford Treanor, DFW's vice president of customer service. "You want to enjoy yourself and you want to experience the airport and then be ready to get on the plane to sit for several hours."
The end of the Wright restrictions at Love Field, which have allowed flights from the Dallas airport only to cities in Texas and nearby states since 1980, was a catalyst for the big improvements. But both facilities were also showing their age.
In Dallas, Love's primary tenant, Southwest Airlines, agreed that it was time to update the 1950s-era terminal after Dallas, Fort Worth and other major parties, reached the historic agreement in 2006 to open up long-haul domestic fliying out of Love Field.
"With or without the Wright Amendment, the age of Love Field's terminal facilities meant it was due and we were going to have to do some kind of renovation or remodel," said Mark Duebner, Dallas' aviation director, who oversees Love Field. "Old facilities become expensive to maintain, so sometimes you're better off building new facilities."
And that's what Dallas has done, spending about $500 million and issuing bonds backed by Southwest, to build a new 20-gate terminal. The first half of the terminal opened in April 2013, and the remaining gates opened last month. Since the airport only has 7,000 parking spaces in its garage, Duebner said, the city has started planning for a new garage.
Airport workers are still putting the finishing touches on concessions in the new terminal and a new baggage claim area opened a couple of weeks ago. Southwest had already moved all of its operations to the new terminal but Virgin America, which will shift its operations from DFW to Love Field this month, has yet to occupy its new gate and check-in counter.
While DFW's four original terminals were not as old as Love Field, Terminals A, B, C, and E were starting to show their age, prompting DFW to announce the Terminal Renewal and Improvement Plan in 2010. TRIP, as it's called by the airport's staff, is an extensive overhaul of the terminals' heating, cooling and electrical infrastructure while cosmetically changing the interior of the terminals.
"The TRIP program certainly without a doubt allows us to be more competitive in the local area. But it really is also to modernize the airport to bring it out of the '70s," Treanor said.
The program's budget has swelled to $2.7 billion, and it will not be completed until 2020 since it must be done in stages. The airport cannot shut down an entire terminal at one time for renovations. Two-thirds of Terminal A is expected to be completed by December, and significant portions of Terminal B and Terminal E are already complete.
Creating comforts for customers
For modern airports, it's all about bringing power to the people.
"Charging is the No. 1 customer issue," Duebner said. "At the old terminal, any available plug at any available wall had someone sitting near it with their phone plugged in."
With its new terminal, Love Field purchased chairs that have a power plug and a USB port underneath the seat so travelers can plug in their iPhones or tablets. About 90 percent of the chairs in gate areas have the plugs, Duebner said.
DFW also has charging stations and hopes to have about 30 percent of all gate seats with power access by the time the TRIP program is completed. Treanor added that new concessionaires in the renovated terminals are being asked to provide electric plugs at all of their tables for passengers as part of their lease terms.
Both airports have also upgraded concessions to give travelers choices from a $30 steak dinner to a fast-food hamburger and everything in between. Passengers can dine at Sky Canyon by celebrity chef Stephan Pyles, savor gelato at Paciugo or sip wine at Vino Volo.
"We're running a 25 percent increase in our concession revenue and that's just because there are more choices," Duebner said, noting that Love Field has added more healthy food options.
Concessions revenue has also grown at DFW, partly because the airport allowed concessionaires to individualize their storefronts to make them more inviting to customers, Treanor said. For example, Natalie's Candy Jar has large plastic lollipops to attract travelers into their stores in Terminals A and D.
DFW has focused its concessions program to include more high-end retailers even in the domestic terminals. Brighton, a high-end seller of women's handbags and accessories, has a location in the renovated section of Terminal A while Michael Kors and Coach will be going into the international Terminal D.
The airport has also added more premium club space for first class and business class travelers in Terminal D. The American Express Centurion Lounge opened last year with spa services, comfy wing-back chairs, a full-service bar and an all-you-can-eat buffet.
"We're always rated as the top airport in the U.S. for customer service but as we get all the service to China and the A380s and the service to the Middle East, customers traveling on those airplanes are used to the customer service they receive at international airports," said DFW Airport Chief Executive Sean Donohue. "We're raising the bar so that means we have to improve our customer service."


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The third wave of Official 2012 SXSW Showcasing Artists have been unleashed, and some really great bands have made the cut.
You can view the full list of bands here, but below you'll find some of the bands we think you should check out if you're planning to make the trip to Texas in March.
Bos Angeles, Chapter 24, Craft Spells, Daughter, Ganglians, Gazelle Twin, Grimes, Gross Magic, Tashaki Miyaki, Napoleon IIIrd, Oh Land, Prince Rama, Tall Ships, Theme Park, U.S. Girls and Young Galaxy.


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Where does the time go…? Since my last post, we've added three wonderful new clients at Bolddogge!
Michael Megale Artist – Bedford Hills, New York
In January, we added a fine art photographer from Bedford Hills, New York, to our portfolio. Michael Megale came to me through my partner at Sir Speedy of Pleasantville. Michael wanted a website to showcase his portfolio of fine art photos. With a couple of meetings, a scanner, and some creative touches, we got Michael a website that reflected his work and his passion. This project moved quickly, thanks to Michael knowing what he wanted and our knowing how to deliver. He's a talented, thoughtful, and very kind man. Our hope is that some NYC curators will stumble upon his work and engage him further.
Cape Cod Canine – Mary Hannigan – Cape Cod, Massachussetts
In March, we added Cape Cod Canine to our portfolio. This is a business owned and run by Mary Hannigan, someone whom I quickly came to love and admire. Mary is a Bullmastiff expert and the breed "owns" her heart. Having fed her dogs a raw diet from Oma's Pride for many years and seeing the amazing results, she became a distributor for Oma's in Cape Cod. (I even started feeding my dogs Oma's, thanks to Mary's knowledge.) We were thrilled to do the website for Mary. She has rescued so many large breed, hard-to-place dogs, and she NEVER gives up on them. You can learn more about Mary and her rescues here – and if you're in the market to foster or adopt, by all means, contact Mary. If you can get through her rigid application process, she'll match you with the perfect companion dog. And if you're on the Cape and have dogs, contact Mary for your next Oma's order!
Robert Kornfeld – Dog Commander – Westchester, Fairfield County, & Manhattan
Keeping with the "we love dogs!" theme… in August, we added Robert Kornfeld, the Dog Commander, to our portfolio. Robert also has a special place in my heart as he has transformed our English Bulldog, Peaches, from a crazy stubborn bulldog to a well behaved stubborn bulldog. He also helped us introduce / socialize Peaches when we rescued our Pit Bull mix, Eddie, from the NYC AC&C in Manhattan. Robert spent FOUR hours with us that day. He charged us for one hour. He cares about dogs and the people who love them. If you need a dog trainer in Westchester, Fairfield County, or Manhattan, please – call Robert. He's amazing!
I think we are all caught up! Hopefully I will have more updates to share soon. And don't forget, if you need a website, brochure, flyer or any kind of project – big or small – please contact us for a free consultation.
Photos for Fun
Mary Hannigan – Cape Code Canine, Bullmastiff Rescue, Rescue Barn
For fun – for all you fellow dog lovers… here are some rescues that Mary has saved:
Robert Kornfeld – Dog Commander


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L.J. Washburn's 1987 novel, "Epitaph," opens with Hank Littleton, a teenage boy, being raised by his grandfather in a small West Texas town. In a matter of days, Hank thwarts a robbery, killing two of the three would-be robbers, and in a completely separate incident, watches his grandfather, the sheriff, get gunned down and killed — just before Hank himself is shot and left for dead.
Hank sets out to right the wrong of his grandfather being killed and along the way meets an interesting cast of characters, including Buffalo Newcomb — who has a smelly possum for a pet and is as quick with his Sharps rifle or Arkansas Toothpick as he is with a story or a song — and two young women who were involved in his grandfather's murder. Along with the men Hank is chasing and his father, a Texas Ranger, they all wind up in El Paso, battling for honor, revenge, their lives and enough to gold to make a man, or many men, very rich.
For Hank Littleton, it is a journey for revenge, a journey from a small town to a large city and a journey from boyhood to manhood. For us, the readers, it is just a very pleasant journey.
"Epitaph" is one of five Westerns written by L.J. Washburn, whose full name is Livia J. Washburn. Livia has expanded her love of publishing to include not only writing and editing, but also designing covers and producing books for Prairie Rose Publications and Western Fictioneers. She is married to James Reasoner (whose work was highlighted in this blog series on June 7) and started doing her own writing while working with James on his.
3 Comments on "Epitaph"
Cheryl PiersonAugust 31, 2018 at 10:16 am
I love Livia's work! It doesn't matter what genre she writes, her stories are always compelling and keep me wondering "what's coming next?" So glad to see her story, EPITAPH, featured here today!
L. J. WashburnAugust 31, 2018 at 12:04 pm
Thanks Cheryl. My agent at that time said I wrote like Louis L'Amour on drugs. LOL! I took that as a compliment. I'm not sure that's how he meant it.
AsbreyAugust 31, 2018 at 10:25 am
It sounds like a great read! What a cast of characters.


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jenn691 commented on the blog post Collaborative final exam review 7 years, 10 months ago
Modernity/Post Modernity sign- combination of a concept and a sound- image in terms of 'essential' or intrinsic nature and arbitrary. It is made up of the signifier and the signified. Signifier- the sound-image and the actual word itself. The signifier cues thoughts and images and is more stable. This allows for intrepretation of the word […]
jenn691 commented on the blog post First drafts of your cultural artifact paper are due Thursday–main bloggers will present their drafts tomorrow 7 years, 10 months ago
Both Victorianne and Enes' were extremely knowledgable of their cultural artifact and had a clear motive in mind when analyzing their text. In Victorianne's draft, I think the commercials she choose clearly portray women as inferior to men and even as a punishment to be a woman. I also think that choosing popular commercials with […]
jenn691 commented on the blog post No official main bloggers for next week … and an extra credit opportunity instead 7 years, 10 months ago
Occupy Wall Street Extra Credit: Regarding this excerpt Occupy Wall Street from the New York Times, there is a definite class system that arises that is clearly identified by a Marxist critic. There is the clear distinction of the prime two social classes; the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat. The Bougeoisie, represented as the officials in […]
jenn691 commented on the blog post Your cultural artifact selections 7 years, 11 months ago
Cultural Artifacts: 1. The T.V Show Revenge:This show is about a woman who murders the indiividuals who plotted her father's death while she was a child, witnessing the entire thing. This is an example of a woman taking on what most would normally consider a masculine role and being the dominant force and character throughout […]
jenn691 commented on the blog post Prompt #8: Entering the Panopticon 7 years, 12 months ago
I believe that an appropriate example of panopticism is one of the pasages that I will be discussing in my essay, on page 23. Mentioned on this page is the scene where Freslaven hammered the chief with a stick because he felt wronged in someway. In response and as a discipline, he killed Freslaven by […]
jenn691 commented on the blog post Prompt #6: Entering the heart of darkness… 8 years ago
I very much agree with Jose's analysis of Marlow in the story and his narrative purpose. I agree completely that Marlow is the only one of the four passengers that truly has a passion and follows the sea. He also seems the most wholesome of the group because he is the only man who went […]
jenn691 commented on the blog post Constructing (and deconstructing) our goals for the week: Prompt 5 8 years ago
This story "The Spectacles" is a hunerous story about love at first sight which is very unusual for Edgar Allen Poew to write about. Reading this story, there are many questions that arise that make you think about the true concept of both true love and infatuation and the fact of seeing and being blinded […]
jenn691 commented on the blog post Prompt #4, and this weekend's reading 8 years ago
With Reading " The Man Who Was Almost A Man" by Wright, i felt it was very effective to read as a reader-responce critic, and not just because I personally feel it is the analytical approach that I feel most accustomed to. When reading this story, thye main horizon of expectation for me was when […]
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Action Words! 1 Movie Download
Action Words! 1 movie download
Download Action Words! 1
The Bee Smart Baby series presents a series of simple, effective visuals -- accompanied by instructional techniques to be used by parents - that should make any child. Amazon.com: Bee Smart Baby: Action Words! 1 [VHS]: Many, Many Kids. Action (1,285) Romance (828) Family (454) Crime (738) Thriller (1,373) Adventure (462) Music (148) Horror (746) Western (124) one word title movies - Movies tagged with 'One Word Title' Movies > Tagged with one word title. Amazon.com: Action Words! 1: BumbleBee Kids, Baby BumbleBee. Devoted to Action Words!TM (verbs), this video features over 20 new words and is set. Best "One Word Title" Titles Step 1: Navigate to a movie or TV title page.. VHS Tape Customers Who Viewed This Item Also Viewed Page of ( Start over ) Back Bee Smart Baby, Action Words! 2 [VHS] Lots More Kids 4.4 out of 5 stars ( 8 ) VHS $. Movies. 1 - Movies | New Releases | DVD. This Award-winning first volume is a continuation of our Bee Smart BabyTM Series. Action Words-1 - YouTube Action Words-1 QUIXOT KIDS : The vibrant colours, live animation and melodious music blend with the educational content make it a fun and frolic learning. Movie trailers; Movies feed; Lists; Reviews; Tags; Explore actors; Explore directors; Browse. Baby BumbleBee Action Words - Volume 1, 2, 3 Video Set Baby BumbleBee Action Words - Volume 1, 2, 3 Video Set free shipping at educational toy store littlesmarties.com Bee Smart Baby: Action Words, Vol. Action Words, Part 1 (Classroom Physical Activity Breaks) - YouTube Colleen Evans discusses and demonstrates a physical activity for a classroom, where children move to action words in a book with action words (such as. Top rated; Top watched; Recently wanted;
movie Jax of Heart
Inspector Lynley - Mysteries Series 1 & 2 film
download Kido senshi Gandamu III: Meguriai sorahen


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We offer our maintenance at a low hourly rate; we believe in taking our time and care for each individual property as much as is needed. We offer bi-weekly service, seasonal service and twice yearly pruning on trees and shrubs 8' and lower.
Please contact us for more information. We do not offer any lawn services.


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EMBARK, Preservation and Equity
On July 25, the Northern Virginia Affordable Housing Alliance and the Coalition for Smarter Growth co-hosted a community forum on the preservation of market-affordable housing along the Richmond Highway corridor. We organized the forum to highlight the findings in our recently released report Northern Virginia's Preservation Challenge, and to call attention to the risk of losing hundreds of privately-owned, market-affordable apartments as an unintended consequence of Fairfax County's recent adoption of the EMBARK Richmond Highway corridor plan. With close to 100 people in attendance, it was clear that this issue is of growing concern to the community.
EMBARK is an exciting plan that will bring bus rapid transit, mixed-use development, improved bike and pedestrian access, new parks and plazas, and opportunities that attract new businesses and residents. The plan creates a vision for an area of the County that has long suffered from under-investment. However, without robust strategies to preserve the housing that is affordable, hundreds of low income households could be displaced due to rising rents or redevelopment of their properties.
During the multi-year planning process, housing advocates urged that preservation policies be incorporated into the overall EMBARK plan, as these strategies are more effective as part of a comprehensive land use plan rather than added on after plan adoption. However, immediately after the plan was approved in May, Supervisors Dan Storck and Jeff McKay did create an EMBARK Housing Advisory Group to address affordable housing preservation strategies. This group, which has begun to meet, has considerable challenges before them.
Many owners along the corridor are reluctant to sell properties that are fully occupied and produce a healthy cash flow. Those who might sell are expecting higher prices based on the fact that the new land use plan, with transit improvements and mixed-use, higher density development, will bring new investment to the area. As a result, these valuations make it difficult for affordable housing developers to purchase older apartment complexes and convert them to committed affordable units. Higher purchase prices simply do not allow these affordable housing deals to work out financially.
Throughout Northern Virginia, we have lost tens of thousands of units of housing that would be affordable to a family of four earning approximately 60% or less of area median income ($66,000/annually). Given these losses, our goal for Richmond Highway should be no net loss of affordable housing.
As the advisory group and county staff build their recommendations, there are a wide range of preservation tools and strategies that should be considered. As a first step, the County has agreed to develop an inventory of both committed affordable housing and older properties with market-affordable rents in the corridor. Priority should be given to properties located within or adjacent to the six Community Business Centers (CBC) that are at risk of conversion to higher rents and/or have the greatest potential for redevelopment. This inventory will provide a baseline for how many market-affordable units exist along the corridor, and help to achieve the goal of 'no net loss' as we track what can be preserved, or the percentage of affordable units to be included in a redeveloped site.
An inventory of publicly-owned land should also be developed. Co-locating affordable housing with public facilities – fire stations, libraries, and community centers that will serve the new residents and workforce there – offers another opportunity to acquire land at little or no cost. There are numerous examples of co-location across Northern Virginia, including the County's own Residences at the Government Center. The County could also foster partnerships between affordable housing developers and supportive houses of worship that have land to create housing, as some faith communities in Arlington and Alexandria have done.
Planning and zoning tools such as density increases, reduced parking ratios, or green-taping of approvals in return for preserving existing affordable units should be examined. Working with private owners, the County could consider incentives such as tax abatement for well-maintained properties that keep rents at affordable levels, or low-cost loans for improvements in return for committed affordable units.
In either an acquisition or redevelopment scenario, the cornerstone of an effective preservation plan is public sector investment, and so Fairfax County must provide gap financing to developers of affordable housing. To do this, the County will need a substantially larger housing trust fund and should consider a bond for affordable housing development. Since four census tracts along the Richmond Highway corridor have been selected as Opportunity Zones, public sector dollars will also be needed to leverage any potential new investments related to these designations.
Maintaining and expanding affordability along the EMBARK corridor allows low-income households who live there – overwhelming people of color – to participate in the new neighborhoods of opportunity that will be created there. This is at the intent of the One Fairfax Pledge adopted by the Board of Supervisors in July 2016, directing that "a racial and social equity lens be applied in the planning and delivery of all public services." Recognizing that "people of color are driving Fairfax County's population growth, and their ability to participate and thrive is central to the county's success," recommendations for the corridor must be viewed through a lens of social and racial equity. This is the County's promise of One Fairfax.
Recently, EMBARK Richmond Highway won the 2018 Commonwealth Plan of the Year Award from the American Planning Association's Virginia Chapter. It will take several years to realize the vision for this innovative plan, so now is the time for Fairfax County to adopt policies to ensure that the EMBARK corridor becomes a thriving, diverse and sustainable community for all who live there.


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Yin & Young are back with our first official guest podcast! We took a month off for the holidays, but promise we'll have a weekly schedule from now on.
Ronnie Alvarez is a Los Angeles based actor and a good friend of Dan's. He shares his philosophy on approaching and dating women, a year long diet, mental approach towards auditioning, why not to be a whipping boy and more valuable life lessons.
Also we have our first language corner where we each share a phrase from a different language.
Ronnie: "A una mujer ni todo el amor ni todo el dinero."
Don't give a woman all the love or all the money.
Dan: 我慢 (gaman)
To endure.
James: 靠腰 (kaoyao)
Lit. so hungry you cry out. Commonly used like "bullshit", to call someone out for saying something false and/or annoying.
*Note: there's some crackling sound in the audio that I did my best to remove. Apologies!
You can also find us on iTunes or subscribe via our RSS feed:
iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/yin-young-podcast-jys/id1185421015?
RSS Feed: http://www.jamesyshih.com/yin-young-podcast/?format=rss
Thoughts, questions? Email us!


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These Terms and Conditions subject to change without notice
$99 customer installation charge. 36 month monitoring agreement required at $33.99 per month ($1,223.64). Form of payment must be by credit card or electronic charge to your checking or savings account. Offer applies to homeowners only.
Local permit fees may be required. Satisfactory credit history required. Certain restrictions may apply. Offer valid for new ADT Authorized Dealer customers only and not on purchases from ADT LLC. Other rate plans available. Cannot be combined with any other offer.
Image portrayed may not be the exact equipment received. Minimum Pulse installation is $79. ADT Pulse Interactive Solutions Services which help you manage your home environment and family lifestyle, requires the purchase and/or activation of an ADT alarm system with monitored burglary service and a compatible computer, cell phone or PDA with internet and email access. These Pulse Interactive Solutions Services do not cover the operation or maintenance of any household equipment/systems that are connected to the ADT Pulse Interactive Solutions Services/Equipment. All ADT Pulse Interactive Solutions Services are not available with the various levels of ADT Pulse Interactive Solutions Services. All ADT Pulse Interactive Solutions Services may not be available in all geographic areas. You may be required to pay additional charges to purchase equipment required to utilize the ADT Pulse Interactive Solutions Services features you desire.
Licenses: GA LVA 004287, SC BAC #5390. **Total package includes 6 door/window sensors. No substitutions allowed. Labor charges may apply.


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BBC News reports that money broker ICAP has suspended, without pay, its three brokers arrested by the FBI last month in a high-profile swoop on the FX market. In total 47 currency traders were arrested.
The firm has also asked its lawyers to investigate the alleged fraud, but says that it has no evidence to suggest that the firm itself has suffered any financial loss. ICAP is cooperating with the FBI and, like most of the firms affected, knew nothing of the swoop until gun-totting agents raided offices across America's financial district.
ICAP CEO Michael Spencer played down the amount of money said to be involved, saying that the dealers look like they made not a lot more than 'tens of thousands' of dollars, rather than the larger sums mentioned in the press.
In the meantime, ICAP is having a good year. Pre-tax profit before goodwill and exceptionals for the six months to 30th September is up 47% to £84.4m.
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Pircay is still a crim
Software Piracy is the most common computer crime, it is the illegal
coping of software. People wouldn't think of shoplifting software from a retail store, but don't think twice about going home and making several illegal copies of the same software and this is true because I myself am guilty of this. The major problem is not people going out and buying the software then making copies for everyone, it's the websites that cater to pirating software, that really cause the problem. On anyone one of these sites you could find hundreds of pirated software open for anyone to take. This is a problem and nothing can really be done about it. Few arrests are made in this area of computer crime.
In 1993 worldwide illegal copying of domestic and international software cost $12.5 billion to the software industry, with a loss of $2.2 billion in the United States alone. Estimates show that over 40 percent of U.S. software company revenues are generated overseas, yet nearly 85 percent of the software industry's piracy losses occurred outside of the United States borders. The Software Publishers Association said that approximately 35 percent of the business software in the United States was obtained illegally, and 30 percent of the piracy occurs in the business world. In a business, every computer must have its own set of original software. It is illegal for a business to purchase a single set of original software and then load that software onto more than one computer, or lend, copy or distribute software for any reason without the prior written
consent of the software manufacturer.
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In 1980 The Copyright Act was amended to explicitly include computer programs. Title 17 to the United States Code states that it is illegal to make or to distribute copies of copyrighted material without authorization, except for the user's right to make a single backup copy for archival purposes. Any written material (including computer programs) fixed in a tangible form (written somewhere i.e. printout) is considered copyrighted without any additional action on the part of the author.
One of the main concerns of the software industry is how to deal with the issues of software licensing. More and more customers want customized software suited for their business or personal need, and expect the software development firms to accommodate to their wishes. The other side of this issue is that software development firms are concerned with unrealized revenue and excess costs of software piracy. Software licensing policies were originally a result of software developers' need to protect their income from piracy.
While software piracy is very big there is also a very large part of it in the music and movie industry. Many people are under fire because of the use of mp3s and the sharing of industry secrets like DVD. One of the most familiar law suits is the one against Napster, a program that helps people share mp3s.
Works Cited
Brandel, William, "Licensing stymies users,"
URL:"http://www.viman.com/license/license.html#policy", Viman
Software, Inc., 1994.
Business Software Alliance, "Software Piracy and the Law,"
URL:"http://www.bsa.org/bsa/docs/soft_pl.html", Business Software
Alliance, 1995.
Software Publishers Association, "SPA Anti-Piracy Backgrounder,"
URL:"http://www.spa.org/piracy/pi_back.htm", Software Publishers
Association, 1995.


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Why I am a vegetarian
In August 2017, Samtiden magazine arranged a vegan dinner in the offices of Aschehoug Publishing with 80 specially selected guests. I was asked to speak: Why did I become a vegetarian 23 years ago? Here's my speech. Of course, I respect that others make different choices than me. I hope you respect my choice ;)
WHY I AM VEGETARIAN by Margreth Olin
Samtiden magazine has asked me to tell you why I became a vegetarian. To me, it's a story that touches on culture, traditions, values, family, realtionships and what it means to be a human being.
The average Sunnmøring (a person from Sunnmøre in Norway) eats 75 kilos of meat per year. I come from the little town Stranda in Sunnmøre, where they produce the wildly popular pizza Grandiosa as well as Strandaskinke (a whole range of cured meats). The town hall is even nicknamed Skinkerådhuset, which means City Hall of Ham. Based on this, one could assume that this meat consumption generalization suited all of us. But I have not eaten meat in 23 years. What happened?
All weekends and vacations were spent with my father's family at their farm in Oldedalen in Nordfjord, or the farm in Hornindal, where my mother grew up. My uncle and aunt never went on holiday, they had animals to take care of. Animals that did not have numbered tags in their ears, but names, and who got to spend their summers roaming the fields. The farm workers got quieter than usual when the animals were picked up for slaughter in the fall. The first real farewell scenes I witnessed were between animals and humans. The animals' different personalities were talked about around the dinner table in the big kitchen. If animals were slaughtered on the farm, the meat was eaten, including the innards. The skin was used, the bones became broth, and the remains were buried by the apple trees in hope for a good apple harvest next year. Even though the calves were taken from their mothers just after birth and the animals were there solely because of the use we got out of them, the family farm was run on nature's terms.
The year I started school I got my first pet: Pus. I had Pus for 17 years. We shared my pillow and intimate secrets. Pus was a female cat, she never had kittens, I felt she got enough love at home, she did not have to "go to the village to get it" (which is what we said about people who were unfaithful). When I was ten years old, I got a horse. Fidel was male, just a foal at that time. A shining white arab between the Sunnmøre Alps. Fidel followed me for 29 years. I was at the stable every day. Once a week I fed silver foxes at the fur farm just outside the stable. Because of that, I know a few things about abnormal behavior and stress disorders in animals who live their lives in tight cages. I was an observant child and I saw what their cramped lives did to them. On my 16th birthday, all the sows at the farm suddenly got paralyzed in their backs and hind legs. One by one, they all fell down. A virus spread through the barn within hours. I spent the whole night massaging the pigs, refusing to give up hope that they would stand back up, but none did. The whole herd was slaughtered. When I got home to my birthday cake long past bedtime, everyone claimed that no one in the family had ever stunk so badly like a pig.
Parallel to this, my entire childhood, I suffered from severe, chronic stomach pains. Nerves, said the doctor. Nobody thought of what I ate and drank. Meat as a part of my most of my meals six days a week. Milk as a thirst quencher.
Fidel and I moved away from Stranda when I turned 19. I started media studies in Bergen. I sat in the reading room and longed for home. The homesickness brought me back to Stranda when it was time to make my exam film. It got the title "In the House of Love" ("I Kjærleikens Hus") and was filmed at Ringstad Farming, a destruction plant that received slaughterhouse waste: Sometimes, the last few days before the holidays, the workers would find dead cats and dogs left on the doorstep of the plant when they got to work in the morning. The enormous machines in the hall painstakingly crushed everything, making a gruesome sound and giving off a terrible stench of decay from all the dead things thrown into them. The employees boasted the machines were "proper solid". They were developed and produced by the German company Krupp after World War II. Innards and whole, rotted carcasses; seals, pets, various animals who had died of illness or injury up in the mountains - everything was crushed, ground and cooked. At the other end bone meal and fat came out, which was used to make feed for pigs for poultry. The employees at the plant told me the return of meat waste back into the food chain was the direct cause of the development of mad cow disease in England. Therefore, the feed was not given to cattle in Norway. Only to pigs and poultry. Today that waste is sorted. The fat is divided into two categories. The first category includes brains and spinal cords, and can not be used to make feed. This so-called risk waste is used, for example, in the production of cement or sold abroad, where it is used in bio diesel. The second category is veterinary approved and still used to make feed for pigs and poultry. The bone meal is an important ingredient in pet food.
My first movie was about the food the animals ate, and thus what people consumed. After making this movie I watched documentary films and read up on the industrialization of animal husbandry. I stopped eating meat and my stomach ache disappeared.
My near, dear ones and distant acquaintances all agreed : Having a veggie in their circle was annoying! What would they serve me if I came to visit? Could I take responsibility for my own food? Of course I could. I became the unrealistic idealist.
What's the reality here? And who does it relate to? In order to be able to eat cheap meat and cheaper burgers, people actively choose to ignore animal suffering, they ignore fact that modern animal husbandry causes diseases and that it destroys the environment. In many countries, the family farm has been exchanged with factory farms, where live animals are deprived of movement, deprived of their natural environment in such a way that they become diseased and/or injured, and therefore they are subjected to extensive use of antibiotics and genetic engineering.
The meat industry is one of the top two environmental challenges in the world today. Is it still possible to eat meat and at the same time call yourself an environmentalist?
Due to the desire for the as much short-term profit as possible, industrialized agriculture has to work against the laws of nature. Global consequences are climate change, air pollution, water shortage, water pollution, loss of biodiversity. The animals have to grow as quickly as possible so that they can be slaughtered and converted into money. In meeting the absence of animal welfare in the factory facilities, I had to ask myself: How much suffering am I willing to accept for food to cost so little? My answer was clear: None!
I've been around enough animals to know who they are. We know when animals suffer, it can be seen, it can be heard and it can be felt. I see animals as individuals. To me, animals have rights according to their needs, regardless of species, race, gender, age and status in our human lives.
During my life I have written quite a few lists. I like lists. My boyfriends have received postcards from my travels, letters for birthdays and Christmas. With lists. Some lists have been about them, in an effort to say who they are, to me. Here is one such list:
You are:
wild and beautiful
brave on your best days
You are my best friend!
This is not a list about Roy, Thomas or Per. It's a list describing Fidel, my constant companion since I was 10 until I became 39. It's still the longest lasting relationship I've had.
I am a vegetarian. Maria, my oldest daughter, is vegan. When I was asked to give a speech at this dinner, she said: Mom, out of all the stories you've told me, it's the story of when you went to the butcher that left the biggest impression. Here it is:
He was black. One of the wisest beings I have met. He moved with dignity, even though his legs were worn out. One of the real big sprinters. He had won races in many countries, traveled in several continents. He had earned big money for his owners. A racing machine, some may say. But he was no machine. He was a dazzlingly beautiful stallion, caring in his encounter with the mares he was to impregnate. He could never let them go after, he really loved them. He was never dangerous to us stable workers. He had experienced and traveled more than most people who were in that stable. The day he was no longer fruitful, had no utility for the owners, it was my task to bring him to the slaughterhouse. He trusted me. And I him. Therefore I was not afraid when I took him out of the horse trailer in front of Ole Ringdal Butchers at Hellesylt. I was brokenhearted. I was 17 years old. I did not have enough money to buy him and give him a the decent old age that he deserved. I held the rope and put my hand on his mane, I thought it would be better that I was leading him rather than someone he did not know. The pigs were stowed together. Sheep. The stench of blood in wide-open nostrils. The animals' warm breath rising in the cold air.
We walked next to each other into the building on the hard concrete floor. They came with chains but I shook my head. It's not necessary, I said. Throughout the aisle I whispered to you; This is not necessary. Your legs were stiffer than usual. And you held my gaze. King of Troy. That day I gave myself a promise. Animals that are under my care will never die that way.
"Don't you eat meat? Why not?" People ask me on a regular basis. "For health reasons," I usually answer. But if you're now asking me seriously and perhaps will even listen to my answer: To me it's about giving meaning to what it is to be a human being.


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Located in downtown East victoria state Australia , Cirqua creates a new living environment with circular windows and loads of light area. The two storey, primarily residential block is a break away from contemporary design of sticking with cubical natural light openings. instead, feature circular openings clad in concave glass. The residential space is a low rise storey in the neighbourhood of Ivanhoe
comprises of 44 dwellings on a steeply sloping site, and with a range of sizes and types on offer. The Cirqua blocks are designed to carefully consider accessibility and passive environmental performance.
The project involves the consolidation of 2 neighbouring properties into a single block for a new multi-residential development. completed this year by the Sydney based design outfit BKK
"The project site has been the subject of several unsuccessful planning applications in the past, and is affected by a complex range of planning policies and physical constraints. The design ." BKK says.
The building facades are highly articulated to reduce the overall building's mass. The design draws on the materiality and expression of local, historical housing types that are reinterpreted in a contemporary manner.
All apartment bedrooms and living areas have direct access to natural light and ventilation, and significant landscaped areas have been integrated into the design to provide a high quality garden setting.


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Imperial couple's words comfort quake survivors
The Emperor and Empress, who have been visiting evacuees from areas hit by the Great East Japan Earthquake, visited quake-hit Miyagi Prefecture on Wednesday.
It was the Imperial couple's first visit the Tohoku region since the March 11 quake. They are also scheduled to visit Iwate and Fukushima prefectures shortly.
Their words must be a great encouragement to people in or from the quake-hit areas, especially those staying at evacuation centers.
On Wednesday, the Emperor and Empress visited evacuation centers in Minami-Sanrikucho and Sendai, which suffered great damage in the tsunami caused by the earthquake.
Support for the suffering
Kneeling on the floors of gymnasiums used as evacuation shelters, they talked to many of the evacuees, saying "Any problems with your health?" or "Take care, please."
According to the Imperial Household Agency, the Imperial couple hoped to visit the quake-hit areas as early as possible, but the visits started more than a month after the quake due to various circumstances.
They visited Asahi, Chiba Prefecture, on April 14 and Kita-Ibaraki, Ibaraki Prefecture, on April 22. Both visits included stops at evacuation centers.
Ever since the great earthquake took place, the Imperial couple have been following the news from the quake- and tsunami-hit areas, and their wish to support the people and share in their sorrow has grown stronger, according to the agency.
On March 16, five days after the quake, the Emperor took the unprecedented step of releasing a public video message for the nation.
"I can only hope that by making every effort to promptly implement relief for evacuees, their conditions will improve, even if gradually, and that their hope for eventual reconstruction will be rekindled," the Emperor said.
"I believe it extremely important for us all to share with the victims as much as possible, in whatever way we can, their hardship in the coming days."
We believe that these words, reflecting the Emperor's feelings about the situation, and his soothing manner of speaking must have encouraged the nation's people greatly.
When Tokyo Electric Power Co. carried out a schedule of rolling blackouts, the Imperial Palace was not the subject to it. However, to coincide with the nighttime power outage schedule, the couple reduced their electricity use voluntarily, taking simple meals such as onigiri rice balls by candlelight.
The Imperial couple also showed tender solicitude to evacuated people. They donated produce from an Imperial livestock farm in Tochigi Prefecture, such as chicken eggs, to evacuees through their farm employees. The hot spring bath for employees at the Nasu Imperial villa in Nasumachi in the prefecture was opened for evacuees.
Sharing the people's feelings
"They feel the people's happiness and misfortune as if they were their own, think about them and act on them," Grand Steward Shingo Haketa said. In the agency head's comment we can sense how the Imperial couple feel about the current situation.
Since the Imperial couple visited an area hit by eruptions of Fugendake peak in the Unzen mountain range in 1991 in Nagasaki Prefecture, they have never neglected to visit areas hit by major disasters, including the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake and the 2004 Niigata Prefecture Chuetsu Earthquake. Each time, they listened to the thoughts and feelings of the disaster-hit people and offered them encouragement.
The Emperor is 77 years old and the Empress 76. It may be a quite burden for them to visit the quake-hit areas, transferring en route from a small Self-Defense Forces plane to an SDF helicopter. Sufficient consideration must also be given to the couple's physical health.
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, April 28, 2011)
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Kan needs to display leadership, show clear vision for disaster relief policy
A newly established advisory committee to Prime Minister Naoto Kan, tasked to work out a vision on countermeasures for the Great East Japan Earthquake, is divided over how to secure financial resources for these procedures and other important topics. It is highly doubtful whether the panel, headed by National Defense Academy President Makoto Iokibe, will work out effective and efficient countermeasures.
The panel is comprised of prominent figures, but its discussions will be too abstract unless the government coordinates views between the committee and ministries and agencies concerned and facilitates the panel's communications with local governments and residents of disaster-hit areas and its discussions with experts from various fields. The prime minister should clarify the purpose and mission of the panel to map out a clear vision.
Iokibe's proposal at the outset of the panel's first meeting that a disaster-relief tax be created stirred controversy between members, forcing the group to shelve the issue of financial resources for the time being.
It is true that Iokibe's proposal triggered much needed discussions between ruling and opposition parties on how to secure financial resources for quake-relief and restoration measures. However, the panel's primary mission is to show a vision on disaster countermeasures that can persuade taxpayers to accept tax hikes. Kan is to blame for the confusion within the panel because the prime minister, who set up the group, has failed to show his clear policy on the issue in the first place.
Concern has been raised that the panel could be isolated within the government. Since no bureaucrat is on the panel, ministries and agencies concerned could question the effectiveness of disaster-relief and restoration measures worked out by the panel and reject it. Although the governors of three quake-hit prefectures in the Tohoku region are members of the committee, it is highly questionable how far they can represent opinions and requests by local municipalities and residents.
On the other hand, a subcommittee on specific measurers is comprised of many experts in disaster prevention and regional revitalization.
It is feared that the two entities' discussions will overlap as the division of their roles remains unclear.
In order to prevent the committee from falling apart, it is necessary for the government to not only clarify its role in relevant legislation but also steer it in an appropriate manner. The panel, deputy chief Cabinet secretaries who represent a liaison council between ministries and agencies and top officials of the subcommittee should regularly consult with each other to facilitate their communications and share their common objectives.
Some constructive discussions are under way, including those on a proposal by Miyagi Gov. Yoshihiro Murai on a specific vision on the restoration of disaster-ravaged areas. The situation varies depending on each disaster-hit area -- from coastal regions and the plains to areas where residents have been evacuated following the crisis at the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant. Panel members as well as government officials are required to reflect these communities' requests and opinions on the disaster's countermeasures.
The government will draft a second supplementary budget as early as this summer to finance the disaster countermeasures. The committee says it will make proposals on such measures by the end of June, but it is highly doubtful whether it is in time for the government's compilation of the extra budget draft.
An advisory panel on relief and restoration measures set up following the Great Hanshin Earthquake in January 1995 that devastated Kobe and surrounding areas made its first set of proposals less than two weeks after its first meeting.
Prime Minister Kan must be aware of his responsibility to clearly show the scope and the order of priority of themes that the committee should discuss in order to help it propose effective and efficient countermeasures.
How did Japan's nuclear industry become so arrogant?
What has stood out at the countless press conferences by Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA) of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), and the Cabinet Office's Nuclear Safety Commission (NSC) of Japan that I've attended in covering the crisis at the Fukushima nuclear plant, is the rampant use of cliches such as "unanticipated state of affairs" and "unprecedented natural disaster."
The excuses made by the organizations involved go to show that so-called nuclear power experts have no intention to self reflect or admit their shortcomings.
It was this self-righteousness -- evidenced over the years in the industry's suppression of unfavorable warnings and criticisms, as well as in their imposition of the claim that the safety of nuclear energy was self evident -- that lay down the groundwork for the accident at the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant.
At press conferences, TEPCO officials repeatedly express their "deep apologies" for the trouble caused to the Japanese people. However, as soon as reporters' questions turn to the actual safety of nuclear power stations -- about which they had long boasted a multilayered safety system referred to as "defense in depth" -- they begin to act coolly. Their speech may feign civility, but they never admit to any wrongdoing and merely keep insisting the righteousness of their own claims. When particularly unflattering questions are posed to them, some TEPCO executives glower at the reporters who dared to ask and give only a brusque response.
Video footage of these press conferences, accessible via television broadcasts and the Internet, combined with disappointment with the government for its mishandling of the disaster, has fed the public's skepticism about the reliability and honesty of industry and political leaders.
Between 2002 and 2005, I was posted to the Fukui Prefecture city of Tsuruga, which hosts 15 nuclear reactors along Wakasa Bay. The area is dubbed Genpatsu Ginza (Nuclear Ginza) -- after the upscale Tokyo shopping district that is home to many shops and department stores -- for the its abundance of nuclear power plants, and a lot of the bureau's important reporting has concerned the nuclear power plants.
The many nuclear power engineers and researchers I met while based in Tsuruga did not leave a good impression on me. They generally did not provide sufficient answers to questions that could put them and nuclear energy in a negative light, and were arrogant enough to turn a deaf ear to any criticism that may be aimed at them.
When the Kanazawa branch of the Nagoya High Court handed down a ruling in January 2003 nullifying permission that had previously been given for the construction of the prototype Monju fast breeder reactor (FBR), electrical power companies and researchers involved in the power industry were up in arms. At a debate about the court ruling, a university professor who was a proponent of nuclear energy employed his knowledge of specialized terminology to talk down an opposition-party Diet member. Later on, I witnessed the professor and some cronies smirk in the corner of the room as they muttered, "Take that, you amateurs."
Several years ago, a regional television broadcaster that featured a researcher critical of nuclear energy in a documentary drew strong protest from a local utility firm, which argued that the show was based on a misunderstanding of nuclear energy. Although the program did not directly criticize the utility firm, the broadcaster was unable to ignore the claims of the company, one of its major sponsors. It was made to promise to dispatch reporters to nuclear power plants on a regular basis.
An executive at the power company whom I interviewed about the case said, "An understanding of how safe nuclear power stations are was lacking. What we wanted was repentance (from the broadcaster)." TEPCO officials that I've recently been observing at press conferences remind me of that pompous power company executive.
So how did the industry become what it is now?
Tetsunari Iida, a former nuclear engineer who currently heads the Institute for Sustainable Energy Policies, says that the industry is dominated by a closely-knit nuclear establishment. Those who graduate from universities and graduate from schools with degrees in nuclear power engineering go on to work at power companies, energy-related manufacturers, or municipalities that host nuclear power stations. Everything comes down to personal networks, and who the graduating students go on to work for is largely influenced by the connections and interests of the students' professors. Regardless of whether the employers are public or private organizations, the newly inducted engineers are raised to become full-fledged members of the nuclear establishment.
Accidents involving nuclear power plants are widely covered by the press, and are subject to intense criticism from citizens' groups. Because the nuclear establishment takes on a victim mentality when subjected to such pressure, it one-sidedly labels criticism from opponents as "opinions of mere laypersons," further reinforcing its self-righteous opinion of itself as the experts.
Nuclear safety regulation in Japan is ostensibly covered under a "double-check" system, but in practice, the system has not functioned sufficiently. Since both those in a position to be checked and those in a position to do the checking come from the same establishment, they are motivated to take action that will protect their common interests. As for NISA, there's a fundamental structural problem in that it is but an arm of METI, the government ministry in charge of promoting nuclear power generation.
A comparison of the agencies overseeing nuclear energy in Japan and the U.S., respectively, is also telling. While the U.S. agency is called the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), its Japanese counterpart is called the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA). The conclusion we can reach from this is that by focusing so much on promoting the "safety" of nuclear energy, "regulation" and "supervision" have been left on the back burner.
The ongoing disaster in Fukushima has finally built momentum behind a discussion to split NISA from METI. There is no question that such a measure is necessary, but mere reshuffling cannot change the fundamental nature of those involved.
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: Returning to our pre-earthquake selves
Since the earthquake, I have called for people to live their lives like they did before the disaster as much as possible. I recently thought about how I myself have done on that front.
Thinking about it, I realized a few things. One is that when I've gone to bookstores recently, I haven't been buying novels or medical books like usual. Instead I end up buying nothing but magazines related to the earthquake or the nuclear plant disaster. Another thing I realized was that, even though I've been telling people to "distract themselves for even a little while with a movie or music," I myself haven't set foot in a movie theater.
And, I realized that when my job at the hospital is over and I get myself ready to write an article like this, I end up writing about the earthquake disaster even if I didn't plan on it. It all showed me that my life is not back to its predisaster ways.
Last week I had a chance to go to Sendai, one month having passed since the earthquake. I met a friend from my high-school years who is now working as a researcher. She said that since the earthquake, she has been busy checking on the safety of her students and getting her lab equipment back in order. Keeping a cheerful mood, she said she was borrowing the bath of her friend's house because the gas line at her own house was still out.
I asked her, "Has your life completely changed because of the earthquake? These days, how much of your time is spent dealing with things like the aftermath of the earthquake and preparing for aftershocks? Around 80 percent or so?"
"Hmm," she thought for a second, tilting her head. Then came an unexpected answer: "Maybe around 20 percent."
She said that, yes, there were lots of earthquake-related things to take care of, but she was also going to international academic conferences and running experiments, just as usual. Her life had not been completely turned upside-down.
Just because the earthquake happened doesn't mean that we no longer like the food we once did, that the job we took pride in is now meaningless, or that a person with a kind, humor-loving personality must change. Thinking back to who we were before the earthquake, we can try to slowly get back into the things we were interested in, and restart the things we had begun. By doing so, we should be able to feel how our pre- and post-earthquake selves are a continuation of the same existence, and our feelings should change for the better.
For my part, I've recently started to read a book I bought before the earthquake but had been leaving untouched since. It has been as interesting as I hoped, and it made me feel that my pre-disaster self had returned.
Aftershocks will continue for some time, and many people will continue to be occupied with the results of the disaster, but I would like people to try saying to themselves, "Be it last year or this year, the person called 'me' is the same." (By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
Quickly pass donations to disaster victims
Huge amounts of money have been donated at home and abroad to survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake.
The Japanese Red Cross Society and the Central Community Chest for Japan have collected about 170 billion yen combined, and municipal governments in disaster-stricken areas have directly received donations of more than 20 billion yen.
In the about 40 days since the March 11 earthquake and tsunami, the money donated has reached about the same amount as that given after the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake. The nuclear power plant crisis that has compounded the quake disaster has apparently stirred up feelings of sympathy in many people in Japan and overseas and convinced them to open their wallets.
This money, however, has yet to reach disaster victims.
Thousands of people are still living in temporary shelters without any belongings, having lost everything in the tsunami. They urgently need money just to get by. We hope the donated cash will reach them as soon as possible.
On April 8, the secretariat of the committee in charge of distributing donations, which has been established in the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry, decided on distribution details of the first batch of donations. Families will receive 350,000 yen for each person who was killed in the disaster or remains missing, and owners of houses that were destroyed will receive 350,000 yen and people whose homes have been severely damaged will get 180,000 yen.
Distribution too slow
The donations will be distributed based of these criteria. Prefectural governments will add some money of their own before handing the cash to disaster victims through city, town and village governments.
The reality, however, is that some disaster-struck municipalities have only just started offering application procedures for receiving donations.
After the Great Hanshin Earthquake, the amount of the first distribution of donations was decided 12 days after the disaster, with people whose homes were destroyed receiving 100,000 yen in the initial payouts. Compared with this, decisions on donation distribution criteria and the payment process to victims of last month's quake and tsunami have been pointedly slow. Many people who generously made donations also probably feel frustrated by this situation.
The immense devastation wrought by the disaster has made it all but impossible for many disaster-hit municipalities to accurately assess the damage to individual households. Administrative functions of some city, town and village governments have been so badly eroded that they are unable to address the task of distributing donations.
To alleviate this situation, the central government, prefectural governments outside the disaster zone and other entities should send personnel to lend a hand with clerical work needed to pass donations to disaster survivors.
Make payments uniform
We think a uniform provisional payment should be given to people with damaged homes, rather than wasting time worrying over whether a house should be categorized as "destroyed" or "partially damaged."
A closer examination of the degree of damage can wait until the second round of donation distributions.
Cash will be very helpful to disaster victims. These initial payments should be made flexibly and swiftly.
Given the staggering death toll and number of people still unaccounted for, as well as the scale of property damage, much more money will need to be collected.
First of all, the initial batch of donations must be distributed without a hitch to people who desperately need it. This will be a springboard for the next round of support and financial aid.
It also will be a message of acknowledgement from Japan to people around the world who have sent their goodwill to disaster victims.
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, April 23, 2011)
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Japan should fulfill global responsibility
What foreign policy should Japan conduct in the wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake?
We think the government should engage actively with the international community without becoming inward-looking. This will strengthen the nation's vitality and advance reconstruction.
Prime Minister Naoto Kan held talks with visiting Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard on Thursday. They agreed to boost bilateral cooperation in areas of energy and disaster relief activities. Japan must use such occasions to clearly express its determination toward reconstruction and revitalization.
The foreign ministers of Japan and of the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations met in Indonesia on April 9. Indonesia proposed to fellow ASEAN members the idea of holding the special meeting with Japan, saying it was the ASEAN nations' turn to demonstrate solidarity with Japan because it has supported them for many years.
Since the March 11 earthquake and tsunami, more than 170 countries and international organizations have offered to help Japan, and many have already provided assistance. All of this is because Japan has developed cooperative ties with them and supported them in the past.
Keep a global perspective
Reconstruction of areas devastated by the earthquake and tsunami will require a huge amount of money and manpower. But Japan must not become so preoccupied with domestic concerns that it ignores its role in the international community and fails to look at things from a global viewpoint.
First, the government should minimize reduction of official development assistance.
The government initially considered cutting appropriations for ODA, which were set at 572.7 billion yen in total in the initial budget for fiscal 2011, by 20 percent to free up funds for the first supplementary budget aimed at recovery and reconstruction after the earthquake and tsunami.
The idea of cutting money in an area of least resistance seemed like a simple idea. But many voices were raised against it, forcing the government to downsize the reduction to 10 percent.
The nation's ODA budget has been decreasing for 12 straight years and is now at only half of its peak. Japan's world ranking in terms of ODA budget also declined from first place to fifth. During that period, Japan's international influence has declined as emerging economies rise.
The nation has to continue international contributions matching its position as the third largest economic power in the world to maintain its international influence.
Meanwhile, the government should not postpone a decision on whether to participate in negotiations over the Trans-Pacific Partnership free trade treaty with the other Asian and Pacific countries. Though the Kan administration said it would make a decision on TPP in June, all the negotiating work in Japan and abroad has been suspended in the wake of the disaster.
Nine countries, including the United States and Australia, are aiming to conclude TPP negotiations in November. We hope Japan will proceed steadily with domestic agricultural reforms and negotiations with concerned countries so that it would not be left behind.
Let SDF help elsewhere
It is also significant for the nation to maintain engagement with U.N. peacekeeping operations. Self-Defense Forces' performance in dealing with the disaster has been remarkable.
The government should not limit the activities of the SDF to Japan. It should positively consider sending SDF units to Southern Sudan after independence and to other parts of the world to participate in PKOs.
Cooperation in disaster preparedness and response as well as measures to secure the safety of nuclear power plants will be important agenda items in diplomacy among major countries this year. Attention will focus particularly on Japan's actions in response to its disasters.
Japan should learn various lessons from its own experiences with the earthquake, tsunami and the ongoing crisis at the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant. Then, it should lead discussions among major nations by making concrete proposals on what form international cooperation should take. That would be one way to return the favor for their assistance to Japan.
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, April 22, 2011)
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TEPCO should incorporate measures to support workers in nuke plant roadmap
The Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant, hit hard by a massive tsunami generated by the March 11 earthquake, has managed to avoid catastrophe thanks to the efforts of workers who are trying hard to place the power station under control.
More than 40 days have passed since the plant was hit by the disaster, and workers' fatigue and stress have certainly reached an alarming level.
It is expected to take six to nine months before the plant can be placed under control, according to a roadmap released earlier this week by its operator, Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO).
However, it is feared that the work will actually take far longer.
Photos taken by remote-controlled robots illustrate severe conditions in the buildings housing the crippled reactors.
Many of the workers are crying out for help.
It is extremely important for TEPCO and the government to step up support for employees who are working hard under such severe conditions.
A doctor who inspected TEPCO employees working at the plant has revealed that they are forced to sleep at a gymnasium attached to the Fukushima No. 2 Nuclear Power Plant after working at the No. 1 plant.
They cannot take a bath everyday and eat mostly canned and instant food.
Furthermore, many of them have been evacuated from their home situated in disaster-hit areas or had their residences damaged, and are mentally distressed.
TEPCO subcontract workers are also engaged in efforts to place the crippled plant under control.
The company should ensure that all its workers have proper food and can take a bath on a daily basis, and that they can receive mental care.
A system should be created to allow workers to receive treatment from mental health specialists.
The severity of the labor that the workers are engaged in while being dressed in sealed-up protective gear is beyond imagination.
The rainy season will begin in June, which will be followed by summer.
An urgent task is to consider how work can be carried out in a suitable manner that reflects the climate and seasons.
It is the job of TEPCO management as well as its task force to implement measures to improve the working environment for the workers.
They must promptly take action before the workers start making demands.
The lack of management's understanding of the working environment at the plant could lead to a blunder or a delay in the work.
Even after TEPCO manages to place the plant under control, it does not mean an end to the work.
It will take many years to decontaminate the facility and remove radioactive substances and fuel from the plant.
Similar work lasted for 14 years following the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant crisis that occurred in the United States in 1979.
It is anticipated the work at the Fukushima plant will take longer.
Considering the need to secure help from skilled workers, it is necessary to monitor the level of radiation exposure.
It must be ensured that all workers carry dosimeters.
If the work is prolonged, the power supplier will be forced to suspend workers at the plant one after another to prevent them from being exposed to radiation in excess of the legal limit, causing a serious shortage of personnel. �@��Ƃ��������A����ʂ����x����l�����o���A�l�肪����Ȃ��Ȃ邱�Ƃ����肤��B
To avoid such a situation, TEPCO must work out a plan on personnel management from a long-term perspective. �����������Ƃ��Ȃ��悤�A�����I���_�Ōv��𗧂Ă�ׂ����B
It may also have to train new workers.
TEPCO's roadmap only mentions equipment at the plant.
However, it is human resources that will place the plant under control.
Therefore, measures to extend support for workers should be incorporated in the roadmap.
--The Asahi Shimbun, April 19
EDITORIAL: TEPCO must prepare for additional risks in taming Fukushima crisis
Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO) has set a specific time frame for its long battle to end the nuclear crisis. The company on April 17 unveiled a road map for stabilizing the dangerous situation at its Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant, which was severely damaged by the March 11 earthquake and tsunami.
In the first stage of the plan, which will take about three months, measures will be taken to ensure stable and safe cooling of the damaged reactors and spent fuel pools.
In the second stage, steps will be made to bring the reactors to a stable state of cold shutdown in a process expected to require three to six months to complete.
It will take even longer to rebuild the lives of people living in areas around the ravaged nuclear power plant.
TEPCO admitted for the first time that it will take as many as six to nine months just to put the sources of radioactivity under control, which is a prerequisite for Fukushima evacuees to return home and restart their lives.
The continuous pouring of water on the reactors and the pools have prevented the No. 1 to No. 4 units at the plant from running out of control.
If this makeshift measure fails, the risk of a massive release of radioactive materials will grow sharply, forcing the government to reconsider again its policy concerning the evacuation of residents in the surrounding areas.
That would place far severer strains on the residents than the already heavy burdens they are bearing now.
The utility needs to execute its plan for containing the crisis under such circumstances. What is the most important is to prevent the situation from becoming any worse.
First and foremost, the company needs to be properly prepared for unpredictable events that may occur.
The biggest fear is a possible disruption in external power supply that causes the water injection to stop, which happened after a recent huge aftershock.
TEPCO's blueprint refers to such risks as aftershocks and lightning strikes, indicating that the company is trying to figure out ways to enhance the external power supply system. This should be done swiftly.
Easing this emergency requires working on reactors and fuel pools that cannot be inspected from up close due to high levels of radiation.
It is certain that the fix-it plan will have to be reviewed after each step is taken.
The company must not be so focused on carrying out the scheduled plan that it overlooks a big problem.
The road map raises concerns about whether the number of workers needed to carry through the lengthy process can be secured.
The plan requires a raft of tough and risky tasks, like sealing the container vessel of the No. 2 reactor and reinforcing the structure supporting the fuel pool for the No. 4 reactor. We wonder how many workers will be needed to perform these jobs.
Workers will face the risk of being exposed to high levels of radiation.
At the entrance to the building housing the No. 1 reactor, for instance, a level of radiation recently detected was so high that working for just an hour at the location would expose the worker to more radiation than the upper limit.
TEPCO's plan duly acknowledges the risk by pointing out the concern that long-term work at places with high levels of radiation may be required.
Workers must be replaced regularly before they are exposed to excessive amounts of radiation.
In addition, all of the damaged No. 1 to No. 4 reactor buildings are releasing radiation. That means the measures prescribed must be taken simultaneously at all the four buildings.
The manpower that can be provided by TEPCO, the reactor makers and their affiliates may be far from enough to carry out all these tasks.
Two key challenges in the mission are how to secure a sufficient number of workers, including reinforcements, and how to protect the health of these workers.
The government is also taking on a heavy responsibility by accepting TEPCO's road map to safety at the crippled nuclear power plant.
(Mainichi Japan) April 17, 2011
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: Emotions on the one-month anniversary of the earthquake
More than one month has now passed since the devastating earthquake and tsunami.
We have all spent the time since then in our own ways, but there may be those who recently found themselves vividly remembering that day one month ago, once again being assaulted by fear or sadness.
There may even be those who have become physically ill, even as they were just getting their lives back on track.
A person's emotional state becoming highly unsettled on the weekly, monthly, or yearly anniversary of some big event is a known phenomenon in psychiatry, and it in itself is neither a disease nor is it abnormal.
One cause of it can be emphasis placed on such anniversaries by television programs and newspapers.
However, as much as one tells oneself that "this is not abnormal," the emotional disturbance itself can be very hard to bear, and some people may take a further emotional hit by seeing a reversal in themselves after they thought they had made progress in recovering.
In the case of the recent disasters, the continuing aftershocks and developments at the nuclear power plant may have aggravated this anniversary phenomenon.
Preventing the occurrence of this anniversary reaction might not be possible.
However, just knowing of its existence should take away some of the emotional burden of those experiencing it.
If you find yourself thinking, "Lately, I feel somehow anxious, and I'm often crying," you can then think, "Ah wait, this may be my reaction to the one-month anniversary.
It can happen to anyone, and it's OK," and it may become easier to let those bad feelings pass.
Furthermore, if one intentionally makes oneself aware of anniversaries and then passes them with an activity like offering a silent prayer, then I think one can reduce the feelings of uneasiness.
Thinking about it, after a disaster this huge, it is only natural that the path to recovery will not be a simple and straight one.
It is extremely normal that people would feel anxiety during anniversary periods, going from having somewhat positive attitudes back to gloomy ones, and from having energy to losing it.
Even if there are ups and downs, as long as the end result is recovery, there is no problem.
No one should feel bad about themselves if they experience stalls or setbacks on their road to recovery.
In fact, I worry about those who have made themselves consistently positive and optimistic since the disaster, and whether built up exhaustion won't at some point overcome them, coming out all at once.
Amidst all of this, I don't expect that anyone can completely be their normal selves, and it's no mystery if something happens to our emotional states.
Without being surprised or caught off-guard by any changes we find in ourselves, we should move forward, doing what we can, while not trying to do the impossible.
There is nothing wrong with such a path to recovery, even if it's a bit of a zigzag. (By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)


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