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By Reading Horizons Reading Specialist, Stacy Hurst
"We'll have to get bigger desks." "Third graders will be sporting beards." "It's about time teachers' feet are held to the fire." These are just some responses elicited by proposals to retain students who are not reading on grade level by the end of their third grade year. Third Grade Reading Guarantees have recently been legislated in as many as 13 states in an effort to improve students' readiness to 'read to learn' in grades 4-12. Spurred on with the statistic that 74% of students who are poor readers in third grade continue to struggle in ninth grade (Francis, Shaywitz, Stuebing, Shaywitz, & Fletcher, 1996), policy makers are leading the charge to eliminate the problem.
The state of Florida has been retaining students who do not pass the state reading exam since 2003. Results from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) for reading show that Florida's fourth graders are scoring above the national average (possibly because their poor readers are still in third grade) while eighth and twelfth graders are generally performing below the national average. However, their scores continue to increase as the number of students qualifying for retention decrease. For example, in 2011, only 13,340 third graders were retained throughout the state as opposed to 27,713 in 2003.
Ohio is one state that has chosen to follow Florida's example by instituting a similar law starting in the 2012-13 school year. In January, 30% of third graders state-wide were not reading on grade level. In other words, 40,000 students are at risk for repeating third grade unless appropriately intense interventions are put in place. If the interventions fail before the end of the school year, will retention guarantee future grade level performance in reading?
One report published by the Education Commission of the States communicated that some studies have found that less than half of students who have repeated a grade and attended summer school meet the benchmark standards for promotion. For most struggling students neither retention nor promotion is the answer.
So what is the solution to the nation's third grade reading slump? Fortunately, the emphasis on third grade reading proficiency has increased the focus on instruction and intervention in grades pre-K through 2nd. Struggling readers can be identified as early as kindergarten or first grade. Many studies have shown that a student who is a poor reader in first grade has a 90% chance of remaining a poor reader (Juel, 1988). Research has also proven that quality classroom instruction in these grade levels is a powerful indicator of whether a student will experience difficulties in learning to read or not (Scanlon & Vellutino, 1996; Snow & Juel, 2005). Furthermore, primary grade teachers have the potential to prevent reading failure with effective instruction (Moats, 1994; Snow, Burns, & Griffin, 1998; Taylor, Pearson, Clark &Walpole, 1999). In fact, it is now widely acknowledged that many primary grade students who have been identified for Special Education services would not have been identified if general classroom instruction had been explicit, systematic, targeted, and responsive (Clay, 1987; Denton & Mathes, 2003; Lyon, Fletcher, Fuchs, & Chhabra, 2006; Scanlon, Vellutino, Small, Fanuele & Sweeny, 2005; Snow, et al., 1998).
Quality instruction and intervention in earlier grades can drastically reduce the number of third graders qualifying for retention under such laws. If K-3rd grade teachers are provided with the support they need for effective implementation of evidence-based strategies as well as customized intervention settings and curricula for struggling readers then the conversation concerning third grade retention will change drastically. When that happens there will be many teachers who will be happy to throw away the order form for bigger desks, put away the shaving cream and extinguish the fire. In the meantime, at least 13 states will need to be prepared for an increased number of third graders.
Clay M. Learning to be learning disabled. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies.1987; 22:155–173.
Denton CA, Mathes PG. Intervention for struggling readers: Possibilities and challenges. In: Foorman BR, editor. Preventing and remediating reading difficulties: Bringing science to scale.Timonium, MD: York Press; 2003. pp. 229–251.
Francis, D. J., Shaywitz, S. E., Stuebing, K. K., Shaywitz, B. A., and Fletcher, J. M. (1996). Developmental lag versus deficit models of reading disability: A longitudinal, individual growth curves analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88(1), 3-17.
Juel, C. (1988). Learning to read and write: A longitudinal study of 54 children from first to fourth grades. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80(4), 437-447.
Lyon GR, Fletcher JM, Fuchs L, Chhabra V. Learning disabilities. In: Mash E, Barkley R, editors.Treatment of childhood disorders. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford; 2006. pp. 512–591.
Moats, L.C. (1994). The missing foundation in teacher education: Knowledge of the structure of spoken and written language. Annals of Dyslexia, 44, 81-102.
Scanlon DM, Vellutino FR. Prerequisite skills, early instruction, and success in first grade reading: Selected results from a longitudinal study. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews. 1996; 2:54–63.
Scanlon DM, Vellutino FR, Small SG, Fanuele DP, Sweeney J. Severe reading difficulties: Can they be prevented? A comparison of prevention and intervention approaches. Exceptionality. 2005; 13:209-227.
Snow CE, Juel C. In The Science of teaching reading: A handbook. Malden, MA: Blackwell; 2005. Teaching children to read: What do we know about how to do it?
Snow CE, Burns S, Griffin P. Preventing reading difficulties in young students. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1998.
Taylor, B., Pearson, P. D., Clark, K., & Walpole, S. (1999). Beating the odds in teaching all children to read. Ann Arbor: Center for the Improvement of Early Reading Achievement. CIERA Report Series 2-0006.
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Our Dyslexia Specialist/Teacher Trainer, Shantell Berrett, has a favorite saying she always tells teachers when teaching them how to help struggling readers (including those with dyslexia): "It is far more about the process than the content."The strong right brain of dyslexic students offers them many unique strengths, however, tasks that require a set process to be accomplished (and hence, a dominant left brain) are much more difficult for dyslexic students – including language tasks. Despite the obstacle that this presents, it provides valuable insights into how to improve the process that information is taught. Dyslexic students require a clear process in order to understand many concepts (especially how to read) – but, clear instruction is beneficial for every student.
Here are eight tips from Berrett that you can implement in your classroom to better accommodate the learning needs of the dyslexic students (while benefitting all of your students). 1. Provide one step directions at a time.How it helps dyslexic students: Because dyslexia is a processing disorder, students with dyslexia have a difficult time processing, prioritizing, and remembering long lists of directions at one time. By only providing one direction at a time, dyslexic students don't have to process or prioritize multiple steps at one time – assuring that they do exactly what you need them to do. This decreases frustration both for you and the student. How it helps all students: Even without dyslexia, we are all prone to distractions and forgetfulness. By only giving one direction at a time, you eliminate the possibility of students' forgetting what they need to do, and you won't have to repeat directions nearly as often. 2. Provide visual representation of all oral instruction whenever possible.How it helps dyslexic students: Because dyslexic students have a dominant right brain, their brain isn't naturally wired to engage the left side of the brain – the reason for their difficulty with reading. In order to rewire the brain, dyslexic students' need multi-sensory instruction that engages multiple areas of the brain. By connecting visual, auditory, and kinesthetic cues to each concept, multiple areas of the brain are activated – allowing dyslexic students to make new brain connections that help them strengthen their left brain and better remember information. How it helps all students: Again, even without dyslexia, we are all prone to forgetfulness. By connecting multiple stimuli to a concept, students' better remember and absorb new information.3. Preview & ReviewHow it helps dyslexic students: By previewing each concept before instruction, dyslexic students can better organize, filter, and prioritize new information. Reviewing each concept helps dyslexic students connect, store, and categorize information that was just presented. Both of which, help with the Executive Function Deficits associated with dyslexia.How it helps all students: One of the most effective ways we learn any concept is through repetition. The more we hear and practice a concept, the more natural and easy to remember it becomes.4. Pre-warn students when activities are about to change. How it helps dyslexic students: It can be difficult for some dyslexic students to switch their attention between activities. Many students need some prep time to know that an activity is about to end and they will be doing something different soon. This can also help students be patient when they want to move on to a new activity. Because reading tasks can strain dyslexic students, letting them know that they only have to exert themselves for 5 more minutes can help them keep trying. Give a time warning five minutes before an activity is going to change, then two minutes, then one minute (e.g., 5 more minutes of reading time, now two until we move to centers…one more minute).How it helps all students: Some students, with or without dyslexia, can get so absorbed in an activity that when the class suddenly changes pace they can easily get upset. By helping all students prepare for what is coming, you can avoid upsetting and frustrating students – reducing conflict and creating a better classroom environment for everyone.5. Avoid habituation* by keeping instruction between 10-15 minutes and provide a variety of activities for practice. How it helps dyslexic students: "Due to the problems in inhibition (focus on relevant, suppress the irrelevant), switching attention, and working memory (sustaining effort for coordinating orthography and phonology over time), students with dyslexia and/or dysgraphia are likely to habituate (stop responding to instruction) sooner that children without these disorders. One way to avoid habituation is to vary activities frequently and avoid performing the same activity over and over for a long time." (Berninger and Wolf. Teaching Students with Dyslexia and Dysgraphia. Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., Inc. 2009. P. 146.)How it helps all students: Like the above quote says, habituation occurs sooner for dyslexic students, but with enough exposure to a certain stimulus – all students habituate. By keeping instruction novel you better keep the attention of all of your students so they stay engaged and focused on instruction.*Habituation refers specifically to a type of non-associative learning in which repeated exposure to a stimulus leads to decreased response. 6. Never expect dyslexic students to take notes without a visual outline or a friend to be a note-taker. How it helps dyslexic students: Writing tasks are typically very difficult for dyslexic students. This, on top of their difficulties with prioritizing information can make note taking extremely difficult for these students. By providing a outline or assigning them a friend that they can compare notes with, you can help eliminate stress during lectures. How it helps all students: Deciding what is important to note during instruction is difficult for many students – having a partner for each student to talk over a lecture with and decide what was important or see if they missed an important point is beneficial for every student. 7. Slow down instruction. How it helps dyslexic students: Dyslexic students need additional time to process information. Take your time and be clear. Assess in small intervals if the students are getting what you are modeling/teaching. (Ask them questions and provide opportunities to have them tell you in their own words what you just told them). How it helps all students: Taking time to assure student understanding and matching pacing to the needs of your classroom is helpful for every student. Undoubtedly you will have students at varying levels, but as you assess students in small intervals, you can use learning centers that allow students of varying levels to work at their own pace. Also… patience and empathy are arguably more valuable than lesson content. 8. Assume nothing…connect everything. How it helps dyslexic students: To adjust to the needs of dyslexic students – it is helpful to teach one concept at a time while you draw connections to prior knowledge and previous instruction with ALL new material. This helps these students make new neural connections that will strengthen their brain. How it helps all students: Some students naturally connect new information to what they already know – but many students need to be taught how to connect everything. Even some of your brightest students won't always draw connections between new information.
To learn more about helping students with dyslexia, watch this free webinar presented by Reading Horizons Dyslexia Specialist, Shantell Berrett:
Dyslexia: From Symptoms to Solutions ›
Pinterest Reference Guide:
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Happy National Poetry Month! This poem is a poem that was written by Lord Cromer of England in 1902. It highlights some of the inconsistencies that seem to exist between spoken and written words in the English language.
English is not a static language. Historically, it has been shaped and changed over the years by numerous political, social, and multi-cultural influences. Sometimes the change in a word is in the way it is pronounced, like the word sword wherein the 'w' used to be heard. Sometimes the change in a word (or words) is in the spelling, like in the words come, son, and love which used to be spelled with the vowel 'u' (until the Normans replaced it with an 'o' when it preceded the letters m, n, and v because a series of similar-looking letters was difficult to read). Webster changed the spelling of mould to mold and also dropped the 'u' in words like color and labor. Shakespeare himself was purported to coin over 1,700 words (Crystal, 2006) of which over half still exist today (e.g. bandit, daunting, laughable, and swagger).
It's no wonder that teachers and students can become overwhelmed and confused with some English words. However, there is good reason to take heart. Louisa Moats (1995) pointed out that at least 20 sounds in the English language have spellings that are more than 90% predictable, and Pinker noted that "for about eighty-four percent of English words, spelling is completely predictable from regular rules" (1994, p. 190). So the goal for teachers is to teach the very common letter-sound patterns and the history of as many irregular words as possible. When teachers and students understand the consistent patterns of written English, as well as the historical basis of words, they can better understand the regularities and the relatively few irregularities in English words (Henry, 2010).
If you read through the poem again, see if you can explain the seemingly irregular words about which the author wrote. Many are explained within the Reading Horizons methodology (e.g., crazy w explains the pronunciation of the words worse and word). The other words can be explained by learning about the history of the English language (like the aforementioned Norman influence in the spelling of words like done and some). As it turns out, English is not so confusing after all.
Crystal, D. (2006). The fight for English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Henry, M.K. (2010). Words: Integrated decoding and spelling instruction based on word origin and word structure (2nd ed.). Austin, TX: PRO-ED. Moats, L.C. (1995). Spelling: Development, disability, and instruction. Timonium, MD: York Press.Pinker, S. (1994). The language instinct: How the mind creates language. New York: William Morrow & Co.
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There has been a lot of speculation about the assessments that are associated with the Common Core State Standards. Here are few things we do know and some things we don't know about the assessments and just because I can't help it, some of my thoughts on the matter.
What do we know about the Common Core Assessments?
What we don't know about the Common Core Assessments?
Some thoughts…
It seems that the government has spent more money on assessment of the CCSS than providing resources for schools and teachers to implement the CCSS. Are they espousing the "tail wags the dog" theory?
As a reading specialist, I DO NOT support the idea of 'voluntary' testing for grades K-2. Because testing is not required, I worry that resources (i.e. funding) will be diverted to other grade levels and the importance of early literacy development will be overlooked. Foundational skills are most effectively taught and acquired in grades K-2. I recognize that the standards were developed from the top-down but I also suspect that the 'decision makers' do not recognize how critical the window of opportunity is for students in grades K-2 to build a solid foundation for academic and lifetime success (and an un-solid foundation can bring down the house). How can we show student progress or competency in grades K-2 if these foundational skills are not measured?
Currently anywhere between 20-40% of beginning college students qualify for remedial classes their freshman year in college. With implementation of the CCSS the hope is for that percentage to decrease significantly. The assessments created to measure the CCSS should be reliable indicators of how ready students are for college or a career. Years of data collection will be required to truly validate these assessments.
Here are some links for more information on the Common Core Assessments:
http://www.k12center.org/rsc/pdf/Coming_Together_April_2012_Final.PDFhttp://www.parcconline.org/http://www.smarterbalanced.org/http://www.whiteboardadvisors.com/files/Feb%202013%20-%20Education%20Insider%20%28Digital%20Learning-Common%20Core%29_2.pdf (this is a particularly interesting read)
These links will provide some resources for implementing the CCSS in the classroom:
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This blog post is brought to you by the lowercase letters b and d. They look so similar that you can see where confusion occurs for beginning readers and writers. Letter reversals are frequently seen in the writings of K-2nd grade students whose orthographic representation of each letter is not fully developed. Students who have not properly stored the information in their brain will also manifest the issue when they are reading and come to words that contain the letters b and d. Many parents of younger students have asked me if their child is dyslexic because they reverse letters. I always refer them to this source after I have explained that it is a fairly common occurrence. The trick is to ensure that it is a temporary phenomenon and doesn't become a bad habit. As a teacher, parent, or friend of the universe, there are things that you can do to help students develop a rapid and accurate recognition of these initially, similar looking letters.
A cloze activity using words that start with the letters in focus would provide students with more opportunities to apply their newly acquired skill. Timing the activity would help to increase fluency in spelling words that contain the letters that you are focusing on with your student. Here is one activity that I have found to be helpful in clearing up some of the confusion for students. For this activity I used one bar from a Twix © candy bar and a mini-sized chocolate donut. It would be ideal if you can find these (since Butterfinger © starts with b). The idea is to emphasize that the letter b starts with a bar (as in candy bar) and the letter d starts with a round shape like a donut.
I always have the student draw the letter and say, "b, /b/" as they are writing the b or "d, /d/ as they are writing the d. It is also helpful to point out that when we read, we read from left to right. In doing so, when you come to a letter that could be a b or a d, the student could look to see what comes first, the bar or the donut to help give them a visual clue as to what the letter is. (Disclaimer: Be aware of food allergies and give students extra P.E. time to run off the calories if you choose to let your students consume the treats involved in the lesson. Also, you will have to weigh (pun intended) the consequences of promoting unhealthy eating over automatic letter recognition). Here are some pictures of a 2nd grade student (who has been very persistent in his quest to correctly recognize b and d) teaching his 1st grade sister "the trick."
Do you know a "trick" that you have found successful when helping students recognize the difference between the letters b and d? If you do, would you share it maybe?
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He's back, all right.
But will movie audiences be glad to see him?
In the past decade, Arnold Schwarzenegger has spent more time battling Democrats and deficits than mowing down maniacs or trying to save the world from alien predators. This weekend, he returns to the big screen in "The Last Stand."
In his first lead role since taking the reins as California's governor in 2003, the former action-movie icon stars as the sheriff of a small desert town who is forced to confront a ruthless Mexican drug lord and his gang. But with the film set to open Friday, questions hover over the former "Governator" and his chosen comeback vehicle.
At 65, is Arnold too old to be credible as an action-movie hero? Have the tawdry details of his philandering and failed marriage to Maria Shriver reduced him to a pariah or, worse, a punch line? Has he been diminished by years of political bickering and frustration in Sacramento, Calif.? Has the shocking Newtown, Conn., school shootings ruined filmgoers' appetites for hard-core action?
The ad tag line of "The Last Stand" is "Retirement is for sissies," showing that both Mr. Schwarzenegger and his filmmaking team are fully aware of the potential ridiculousness of his trying to kick butt at a time when he's eligible for Social Security. At the same time, it's a cleverly self-aware line, priming viewers to expect a movie filled with the kind of knowing one-liners that made Ahnuld a global superstar.
Wisely, Arnold confronts his age head-on in the movie. When someone asks his Sheriff Ray Owens how he's feeling after taking a dive in the middle of a gunfight, he deadpans: "Old." He wears old-man loafers on his day off, sits quietly on his porch in the still of the night and is a cranky, by-the-book rules enforcer.
"When you get older, you can still be an action hero. Only the 'brains-to-brawn ratio' has to be reversed," says conservative satirist and political commentator Evan Sayet. "[Schwarzenegger] can probably still punch and kick, he just probably can't bite into anything too hard. He probably couldn't get the bad guys out of town, but he could get children off of his lawn."
He also relies much more on teamwork to help him than his larger-than-life single-combat warriors of blockbusters past would have deigned to. His Sheriff Ray paternally supervises a team of deputies much younger than he is.
In the most surprising scene of all, Ray has a thousand-yard, sad-eyed stare as he confesses his fear of the violence in store for his town and wearily concedes he's seen too much blood and pain in his life already. It's as if Mr. Schwarzenegger is not only acknowledging the passage of time, but also bowing to the criticism he has faced for building a career on depicting mayhem as entertainment.
One thing Arnold doesn't have in this movie is a love interest. This omission spares us the always-awkward image of him trying to look romantic while engaged in liplocks more robotic than anything he does as the Terminator. But aside from allowing the movie to hew to a tightly wound action plot, it's perhaps a savvy acknowledgment that none of his guy fans care if Arnold gets romantic, and that his female fans well, let's face it: After his icky scandal fathering a secret child with his housekeeper, he doesn't seem to have any female fans left. (One gal I know turned down an invitation to see the movie for free by texting, "I don't care for Mr. Laundry Bag Stuffed with Meat!" That's pretty negative.)
"The Last Stand" is also rife with interesting echoes — for those attuned to such things — of the former governor's experience in politics: Sheriff Ray is the de facto leader of what looks like an utterly desolate and bankrupt town (read: California), with neither his deputies, nor citizens paying attention to anything he has to say (again: California).
As for the release of this film amid the renewed national debate over gun violence, "The Last Stand" turns out to be, contrary to expectations, amazingly well-timed. It takes the side that guns are good, as long as they're in the hands of law enforcement or law-abiding citizens. An elderly woman who has a shotgun and knows how to use it got the wildest response of the night from Wednesday's screening audience.
With "The Last Stand," Mr. Schwarzenegger holds his own in the end, managing to survive for another day not only on-screen, but metaphorically as well. His political career is over, his home life is damaged perhaps irreparably, and his memoir "Total Recall" not only bombed, but was named among the worst books of the year by Entertainment Weekly.
But just like his sheriff in "The Last Stand" had the little town of Summerton Junction, Ariz., to retire to after a turbulent career as a Los Angeles cop, Arnold always has the movie screen to come home to.
Like his character, he may be weary and realistic about his age and failed home life, but he's trying to regain his dignity and lay the groundwork for bigger and better things. It's up to audiences to decide if they want to help him get there, but in making the effort, he ensures that he's one guy who doesn't look that bad after all.
By Elaine Donnelly
Extending sexual misconduct to combat units
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Saints Compete in Final Day of SLU Fall Classic
Sept. 15-16: The St. Lawrence University men's tennis team completed day two of the SLU Fall Classic on Sunday. The Saints, who are 2-1 on the season, will be back in action on Sept. 28 and 29 when they compete at the ITA Championships in Ithaca, NY.
First-year student Robert Schmitz battled Ryan McCormick (Nazareth) in the semifinal of the A flight, but fell by the scores of 6-2, 6-1. On Saturday, he defeated Boris Borovcanain (Rochester), 6-2, 6-4 in the opening round and then followed with a 6-1, 0-6, 14-12 victory over Jordan Petit in the quarterfinal.
In C Flight singles, sophomore Sam Mullin took on David Wolf (Rochester) in the semifinal, falling 6-4, 6-1. He came out victorious in two tight matches on Saturday. The first was against Jonathan Lieb (Rochester) 7-5, 7-6 (3), and then against Jonathan Smucker (Ithaca) 7-6 (6), 7-5.
Sophomore Alan Shortz and senior Tom Timpone represented St. Lawrence in the semifinals of B flight doubles. Ian Antonoff and Ben Stern (Hamilton) topped the duo by the score of 8-3. On Saturday, Shortz and Timpone defeated Kyle Riether and David Kelz (Ithaca) 8-3 in the opening round before knocking off Ken Chou and Jake Stocker (RIT) 9-8 (5).


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Introducing the Enhanced Blackboard Connect for Teachers
The impact of parental involvement upon student achievement is clear. Studies and research findings repeatedly show the strong correlation between the degree of a parent's involvement with their child's education and success in the classroom. For a decade now, school administrators and leaders have been using the Blackboard Connect™ platform to facilitate regular communication with parents to help encourage greater involvement with their child's school or district.
More recently, in 2010, we launched Blackboard Connect for Teachers – a tool that put the power of mass notification in the hands of classroom instructors as well. The Blackboard Connect for Teachers™ service makes it easy for teachers to reach parents with vital information about a student's academic performance or classroom behavior.
Today, we are introducing a new release of Blackboard Connect for Teachers. The new release adopts the streamlined interface of Blackboard Connect 5, and it includes over 1,000 comments for instructors to share with parents in 23 different languages. The new enhancements in Connect for Teachers can help parents become more aware and informed about their children's performance through timely phone calls and email messages delivered in their preferred language.


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Introduction Frequently Asked Questions Narrative Additional Resources Applicable Laws
Conducting an election is a fairly easy process if you have been careful to follow all the steps in the process and in the correct order. If you have not already reviewed the LOGON chapter on "Preparing for a General Municipal Election," you may want to do so to verify that all the prior steps have been followed. Included here is an Election Calendar, and an Election Timetable and Task List to help with this review. For information on what happens after election day, see the LOGON Chapter on "Certifying the Election."
Other than a very few minimum mandatory requirements, the Alaska Constitution and State statutes allow local governments a great deal of flexibility in how elections are conducted. State law does, however, require that a governing body prescribe rules for conducting an election (AS 29.26.010). Your Municipality's election ordinance will explain the election process for your community. Unless there is a local ordinance providing otherwise, the local municipal election must be held on the first Tuesday in October (AS 29.26.040). If a municipality fails to follow the local election ordinance and applicable state law in conducting an election, the election could be voided and a new election ordered.
Sample documents needed to conduct an election and additional publications are available in the Additional Resources section below.
NOTE: For more detailed information on what to do before the election to prepare, after the election, or for special election topics, see "Preparing for a General Municipal Election", "Completing and Certifying the Election," or the special election topic you are interested in, such as: Local Option, Initiative, Referendum, or Recall.
Who is responsible for preparing for the election and making sure it runs smoothly?
Under state law (AS 29.20.380), the municipal clerk is supervisor of elections and is responsible for administering all municipal elections. The governing body, mayor or manager having oversight of the clerk is responsible for ensuring the clerk's duties are carried out, and members of the public are ultimately responsible for ensuring municipal officials execute local laws.
Is there help available for conducting elections?
Yes. The Local Government Handbook chapter on Elections provides additional information. Also, if your local election ordinance and/or the information provided here do not address the issue, the Alaska Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development, Division of Community and Regional Affairs Regional Offices provide local government assistance. There are also several publications available that address elections. The Alaska Association of Municipal Clerks and Alaska Municipal League may also provide support in some instances.
What are the minimum mandatory requirements for conducting an election?
Under state law a municipality must:
The Alaska Constitution (Article V, Section 3) also protects the right to vote by absentee ballot, the right to vote by secret ballot, and the right to contest an election and seek judicial review of election practices.
Who enforces the rules?
The local governing body is the enforcement entity and is responsible for providing administrative review of the election process and/or actions of election officials. If a person disagrees with a decision of the governing body they may file a lawsuit to request judicial review of the decision. The governing body indicates its review and approval of the election by certifying the election in writing. (AS 29.26.070) A sample "certificate of election" is available in the Additional Resources section below.
Can alcohol be sold on election day?
Check your code of ordinances. State law (AS 04.16.070) prohibits the sale of alcohol on election day while the polls are open unless the municipality has adopted an ordinance stating otherwise.
What is electioneering?
Electioneering is a term used to refer to election practices prohibited by AS 15.15.160 and .170 (See The Current Alaska Statutes). These prohibited practices are: discussion of any political party, candidate, or political issue by election board members during the time the polls are open; and a prohibition against persuading a person to vote for or against a candidate, proposition, or question, in or within 200 feet of any polling place or entrance to a polling place. This statute also requires election officials to post warning notices at the required distance to the polling place.
Some actions may not seem to be election offenses but are. For instance, State law prohibits wearing a campaign button ("vote for Mary Smith") within 200 feet of the polling place. Telling someone to vote in a certain manner while within 200 feet of the polling place is also considered an election offense. Cell phones are becoming quite common. During some elections, voters in the voting booth have used their cell phones to call someone to ask advice on how to vote. Since others can overhear the conversation, it is wise to prohibit the use of cell phones in the polling place.
How is the polling place decided on?
The Division of Elections has the only authority to decide and/or change polling places (AS 15.10.020). A municipality may not change the polling place without first notifying the Division of Elections and receiving approval. If an emergency prohibits use of the polling site on election day, election officials may choose another site with the best possible public access and notify the Division of Elections immediately.
What is the proper way to set up a polling place?
Set up the polling place to ensure an easy flow of traffic for voters to enter the polling place, sign in, get a ballot, vote, put the ballot in the ballot box, prepare challenged or questioned ballot documents, and leave the polling place.
Keep in mind that the unused ballots must be safe guarded at all times and that access to the polling booth must be limited to the voter (and any person legitimately assisting the voter). The polling booths are set up so that the election judges, while still maintaining the voter's privacy, can monitor them. The booths should not contain anything except those specific items needed by the voter to vote (voting machines or pens or pencils for marking the ballot).
What voting equipment and supplies are needed at the polling place?
Ballots are controlled items. This means that all the ballots must be accounted for before and after the election. To do this, the municipal clerk prepares a ballot receipt form, which is signed by the clerk and the election judges. This form specifies the number of ballots delivered to and received at the polling place.
Some municipalities use punch cards or Accuvote machines for voting. They must be set up and working properly the morning of the election. If your municipality uses Accuvote, please contact the Division of Elections for assistance with their use.
In addition to the ballots, the election judges will need the following items:
See the Additional Resources section for links to sample forms.
What needs to happen for the polls to officially open?
At the time the polls are to open, an election judge announces: "The polls are now open" and displays the empty ballot box to everyone in the polling place to prove it is empty and then seals it closed. The ballot box is not opened again until the polls are closed and the election judges are ready to start counting the votes.
How is residency determined and what happens if a person's name does not show up on the voter registration list?
Residents must be registered 30 days before the election if they want to vote in the election. The Division of Elections updates the voter registration list to reflect those people who registered in time to vote in the election. Residents who register to vote after the 30-day limit will not be on the Master Voter Registration list.
If a person wants to vote, but doesn't show up on the list, the person may vote a "questioned ballot," or "challenged ballot." (Note: Anyone wanting to vote must be allowed to. Local election officials are not authorized to deny a person the right to vote, per AS 15.07.010.) The Division of Elections determines a voter's residency and right to vote under the rules spelled out in AS 15.05.020-.030. The clerk and canvas committee then verifies with Division of Elections whether the vote can be counted.
This list is a requirement for verifying voter eligibility on election day. The Master Voter Registration list is used by the city clerk prior to election day to show who received absentee ballots, either by mail or in person. The election judges need this information in case one of these voters tries to vote at the polling place on election day.
Each voter entering the polling place gives his or her name to the election judge who checks the Master Voter Registration list to determine if the voter is listed. If the voter is on the list, he or she signs the voter registration list and receives a ballot. If the individual is not on the Master Voter Registration list, the person must vote a "questioned ballot."
What is the process for voting a questioned ballot?
Occasionally, a person who wants to vote is not on the Master Voter Registration List. When this happens, the person must vote a questioned ballot.
Before these ballots are counted, the municipal clerk must check with the Division of Elections to see if the person is registered to vote. If the person is registered, the ballot is counted (see "counting votes".) If the person is not registered to vote in the municipality, the ballot is not opened and is not counted. Send a letter to the person explaining why the ballot was not counted.
Is there help available to assist voters with special needs?
At times, a voter may need help in voting. Help should be available in the following instances:
What happens if someone who requested an absentee ballot wants to vote in person on election day?
Occasionally, someone who requested an absentee ballot decides they want to vote at the polls instead. When this happens, the election judges will spot the absentee ballot notation on the up-to-date Master Voter Registration List. If the individual is on the Master Voter Registration list but the list indicates that he or she received an absentee ballot, the person must first give back the absentee ballot before they can receive a regular ballot at the polling place or, if they don't have the absentee ballot to give back, they must vote a questioned ballot.
Is an election held if no one files to run for elected office?
Yes. Conducting regular elections is one of the primary duties of a municipality and the election must be held whether there are declared candidates or not. Instead of writing in candidate names on the ballot, the ballot should be prepared with lines so voters can write-in the name of the person they are casting their vote for. Under AS 29.60.290, a municipality must conduct a regular election within the preceding fiscal year to qualify for state shared revenues.
Can election officials all be registered to one political party?
Municipal elections are non-partisan. AS 29.06.320(1)(E) states that a home rule charter must include nonpartisan government. Title 29 does not specify the same requirement for general law communities, however, the qualifications to run for municipal office have no requirement other than being qualified to vote and living in a designated area. (AS 29.20.140)
How are voting rights lost and restored?
The Alaska Constitution (Article V, Section 2) and AS 15.05.030 (see Current Alaska Statutes) specify that a person convicted of a crime that constitutes a felony involving moral turpitude may not vote in a state, federal, or municipal election from the date of conviction through the date of unconditional discharge (completion of time served, parole, and/or probation). The person must show proof of the unconditional discharge from custody when registering to vote. Moral turpitude is defined in AS 15.60.010(7).
If eligible voter in the community has voted, can the polls be closed early?
No. Any change in the time of opening or closing the polls must be precleared by the U.S. Department of Justice. Your election ordinance should state the time for opening and closing the polls. Though not specifically addressed by either Title 15 or Title 29 regarding time for opening or closing polls in a municipal election held under Title 29, AS 15.15.080 provides for the time for opening and closing the polls for elections conducted under Title 15. Polls are usually open from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. Any change that affects voter rights, including closing early must be done by ordinance and pre-cleared by the U.S. Department of Justice.
Fifteen minutes before the polls close, an election judge announces that the polls will close in 15 minutes. When the closing time arrives, an election judge announces that the polls are closed. If anyone is in line waiting to vote when the election judge announces that the polls are closed, they are allowed to vote. If someone arrives to vote after the announcement is made, they are not allowed to vote.
When and how are the ballots counted?
After the polls have closed and everyone who was in line has voted, the ballots are counted as follows:
What happens if there has to be a runoff election?
Under state law (AS 29.26.060), a runoff election must be held if no candidate receives 40% of the vote for the office of mayor or a designated seat, or if no candidate in an at large election receives greater than 40% of the total votes cast divided by the number of seats to be filled, unless otherwise provided by ordinance. If a runoff election is required it must be conducted within three weeks after certification of the election and notice of the election must be published for at least five days before the election date, unless otherwise provided by ordinance. The runoff election is between only the two candidates receiving the greatest number of votes for the seat.
If the day of the runoff election was precleared by the U.S. Department of Justice with your city's election ordinance, another preclearance request is not required. However, if the ordinance hasn't been precleared, or if the date of the runoff election wasn't included in the election ordinance, the runoff election will have to be precleared since it's a special election.
The runoff election is conducted in the same manner as the regular election except that the ballot will contain only the 2 candidates receiving the greatest number of votes for the seat and will have no provision for write-in votes.
Elections are one of the most important functions performed by government. They are the means by which a person can exercise choice and affect outcomes and they provide feedback to elected officials on public evaluation of a candidate or elected official's performance or ideas. There are a lot of details to pay attention to in the process. Although it may seem that all the required steps make the process more complicated than it needs to be, the reason for these is to ensure and protect each individual's right to vote.
Sample documents:
Internet links:
NOTE: In addition to prohibitions against acting otherwise spelled out in the various statutes, AS 29.10.200 provides some limitations on the authority to enact provisions other than those provided by statute. Those provisions of AS 29.10.200 having to do with elections include:
Revised 8/3/05


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Blast-One industrial solutions for OEM, shipyards, steel fabrication, and machine & equipment refurbishing open new manufacturing division. Ohio based Blast-One
Nexus Consulting release their updated best practice guidelines for maritime security firm selection by shipowners. "As the number of private maritime firms has
Thome Group, Singapore's first independent ship manager, celebrates its 50th anniversary this year & continues to expand its global footprint. As part of this expansion,
Pacific Northwest LNG awards FEED contract, takes next step toward an LNG export terminal island on Lelu Island, near Port Edward. The front-end engineering and
COSCO Corporation (Singapore) subsidiary COSCO (Dalian) Shipyard secures the RMB 500-million contract. The order from an unnamed Chinese shipowner is to build a 28,000 cu.
The Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) met for its 65th session from May 13-17 2013, at IMO Headquarters in London.


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Traditional Lime tree Avenue at Saltcote Place - great Rye Wedding Pictures for your Rye Wedding Reception
"A Celebration to Remember for the right reasons"
Lots of free parking, easy access for disabled friends and outstanding photographic opportunities all contribute toward those special memoriesWeddings, Civil Ceremonies and Celebrations at Saltcote Place are exclusive, your event will be the only event we are working on, no distractions only 100% commitment.
We have an outstanding team who work with you to ensure every detail is perfect, your day is as important to us as it will be to you, rest assured we are committed to ensuring every celebration at Saltcote is as perfect as can be.
Since 2003 Saltcote Place has been meticulously restored with an eye for detail, in one of the pictures you can see Alan restoring the Gold leaf on the Cypher of the Late Queen Mother who was a frequent visitor to Saltcote, this alone took over 4 weeks to complete, he does like to get it right.
So if you are search for Rye Wedding pictures or Rye Wedding Venues or Rye Wedding Receptions or perhaps where to get married in Rye we hope you choose our home.
Our Phone number is at the bottom of this page.


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catalog search
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The Lakes
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May we suggest . . .
Casa Matteo
San Casciano In Val Di Pesa
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Barberino Val D`Elsa
Sleeps 14-15
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Tavarnelle Val Di Pesa
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Perla Di Siena
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Settignano Suites - All
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Villa Di Petriolo
Greve In Chianti
Sleeps 6
Villa Mima
Sleeps 10-14
Read more in our tuscany blog
Tuscany luxury villas - a wonderful vacation home in Italy's countryside!
Tuscany is a region of noble character, demonstrated over the centuries by the artists, philosophers and enlightened rulers who have come from here..
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Tuscany is a place of natural as well as artistic beauty, and a villa rental will place you in a prime location to enjoy the best of both worlds.
Take a day trip to Lucca, and listen to its grand clock tower that rings every hour while you bicycle leisurely upon the city's ancient walls. Take a cooking lesson in Cortona and learn how to make genuine Italian
Sign up for a guided wine tour and visit some of the most respected vineyards in the world. Walk the streets of San Gimignano and admire the impressive towers that made it famous in the middle ages. Visit Pisa and see the Leaning Tower, remembering to stop by the street markets in Greve on the way home to pick up fresh tomatoes, pasta and prosciutto.
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We like to make the process of renting a Tuscany villa as simple as possible. You can select a property yourself and request a hold, or consult with our specialists.
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The Community News • P.O. Box 1031 • 203 Pecan Dr. • Aledo, TX 76008 • 817-441-7661 • FAX: 817-441-5419
Ken Hawkins had a lot to say Monday.
In the late afternoon the Willow Park Mayor addressed his decision to remove citizen comments from the agenda of city council meetings, but by Monday evening had come up with a solution to give what he called the correct procedure.
For the past two months, March and April, Hawkins used his mayoral power to remove the citizen comment portion of the city council agenda. The reason, he said, was because citizens were not addressing current agenda items.
Special to The Community News: Casey RossCasey Ross of Willow Park, a junior at The University of Texas at Tyler, was a member of the UT Tyler American Society of Civil Engineering Student Chapter that won several awards during the 2010 ASCE Texas-Mexico Regional Concrete Canoe Competition held in Austin.
With this year's canoe entry, "The Force,"the 20-member team placed second overall in competition out of 10 teams, besting universities such as Texas Tech University, Texas A&M University, UT Austin and UT El Paso. UT Tyler received second place in oral presentation, third place in technical design report, third in women's endurance race, which Ross participated in, and first in the men's endurance race.
The Aledo High School UIL academic team had three first-place individual finishes and four teams placing first this past Friday and Saturday (April 23-24) at the Region I UIL academic meet in San Angelo.
Also, AHS had six other individuals and one team qualify for the state meet with second and third place finishes.
AHS' One-Act play (Rimers of Eldritch) advanced to state competition, and Derek Shepherd was selected as the regional meet's 'Best Actor." Earning all-star cast from Aledo were Megan Lyles and Logan Rodgers, with Andrea Millard earning an honorable mention.
The District 6-4A softball co-champion Aledo Ladycats will face Little Elm, the third seed from District 5-4A, in a Class 4A, Region I best-of-three bi-district playoffs series beginning Friday, April 30.
Game 1 will be at 7 p.m. Friday at Little Elm, while game 2 is set for Saturday (May 1) at 3 p.m. at Aledo.
Game 3, if necessary, will be played at 7 p.m. Monday, May 3, at Texas Women's University in Denton.
The winner of the series will take on the winner of the Arlington Heights/Granbury series in the area championship.
Coming back from a 1-2 start in District 6-4A action, the Aledo Ladycats completed district play by winning their 11th game in a row to clinch a share of the district championship after a 12-0 victory over Mineral Wells Friday night (April 23) at Mineral Wells.
The win gives the Ladycats a 12-2 district mark and 19-10 record overall. The Ladycats will share the district title with Birdville. The Lady Hawks defeated Brewer tonight to raise its 6-4A record to 12-2.
There will be no raises for Willow Park city employees this year and talks are continuing in regards to a wastewater treatment plant in Aledo's ETJ.
*Also included is Willow Park city attorney Rider Scott advising the city council on the legalities of cameras in public meetings.
KAT, a pop artist from Dallas, stopped by the Parker County Courthouse annex to pick out four pieces that will be on display at the Millan Gallery in Fort Worth next month.
Aledo senior pitcher Austin Vassberg limited Saginaw to just three hits while striking out three with one walk to lead the Bearcats to a 14-1 win over Saginaw Wednesday night in a District 6-4A contest at Saginaw.
The win raises the Bearcats' district record to 9-3. AHS will play next at 7:30 p.m. Friday, April 23, at Mineral Wells.
Before Vassberg ever touched the mound the Bearcats gave the lefty a double-digit lead as Aledo scored 11 runs in the top of the first inning.
The Bearcats sent up 15 batters in the opening frame and swatted six hits and patiently worked four walks. All nine players in the batting order scored in the inning, with Lawton Rinker and Rylan Riney scoring twice.
Aledo senior pitcher Sarah Simpson threw her first varsity no-hitter to lead the Ladycats to a 10-0 victory over Springtown in a District 6-4A contest Tuesday night on Senior Night at Ladycats Field.
The win - Aledo's ninth in a row - raises the Ladycats' 6-4A mark to 10-2. AHS will continue district play at 7 p.m. Wednesday, April 21, at Saginaw.
Simpson allowed no runs on no hits with three walks and nine strikeouts in a game called in the bottom of the sixth on run rule.
After issuing a pair of walks in the first inning, Simpson retired the next 16 batters. She ended three innings with strikeouts, including the final frame.
Coming into Tuesday's final round at the Region I golf tournament in San Angelo, the Aledo Bearcats needed to make up two strokes to have a chance to be one of two qualifiers for the Class 4A state tournament.
However, after shooting 306 in the opening round, the Bearcats came back today at Quicksand Golf Course and finished with a 313 in the second round for a 36-hole total of 619 that left them in third place behind runner-up Arlington Heights (614) and tournament-winner Wolfforth Frenship (597). Both Heights and Frenship will advance to the state tournament in Austin.


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Qantas: All Flights Grounded Due To Ongoing Industrial Dispute
Herald Sun:
Qantas chief Alan Joyce has grounded all Qantas flights immediately and blames ongoing union action for his decision.
In an announcement beamed live across Australia Mr Joyce said unions were "deliberately destabilising our company" and that the airline could not afford the ongoing actions.
Mr Joyce said all Qantas staff involved in strike action would be locked out of the company as of 8pm on Sunday.
Read the whole story: Herald Sun


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The Hershey Company is the largest North American manufacturer of quality chocolate and sugar confectionery products, with iconic brands like Hershey's, Reese's, and Hershey's Kisses. Hershey is the leader in the dark and premium chocolate segment, with Hershey's Special Dark, Hershey's Extra Dark and Cacao Reserve by Hershey's. Hershey also markets a variety of items in the refreshment, substantial snack, and organic chocolate segments.
"This place could not have done better. I have been extremely pleased with nationwide candy."by Keith B. on 06/13/2013
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MATTHEW BROWN Associated Press Writer BILLINGS (AP)
A federal t ranspor tat ion panel has rebuffed a bid to block a longdelayed rail line into southeastern Montana's coal fields. Opponents filed a new legal challenge to the project through a federal appeals court. The Surface Transportation Board approved the final section of the 130-mile Tongue River Railroad on Oct. 9. The $341 million project, proposed in 1983, is designed to tap into the region's vast but largely undeveloped coal reserves. It also would create a more efficient route for coal coming out of Wyoming. Ranchers, the Northern Cheyenne Tribe and conservation and environmental groups have fought against the rail line for decades. They claim it would cause excessive environmental damage, undermine existing railroad jobs and harm livestock producers. In October, the project's opponents asked the transportation board to suspend its approval. They wanted the board to wait until the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled on a pending 1997 lawsuit over the railroad. But the board, led by Chairman Charles Nottingham, denied that request in a Nov. 7 decision. The decision said the pro j e c t ' s environmenta l impacts had been "fully considered" before approval. The board also suggested prior rulings in the case indicated there was little chance the 1997 lawsuit would be successful. The board had previously approved two other sections of the railroad. A legal challenge to the first section, known as Tongue River I, was rejected. The challenge to the second section, Tongue River II, is the one still pending before the 9th Circuit. A request to the appeals court to review the board's latest approval Tongue River III was filed Nov. 1, according to documents provided by the plaintiffs. That could open a yet another round of litigation in the railroad's protracted legal battle. The petition was filed on behalf of the Northern Plains Resource Council, Tongue River rancher Mark Fix and the United Transportation Union. Fix, who is also past chairman of the Northern Plains Resource Council, said Monday the transportation board had not thoroughly examined environmental effects of the railroad. Left out of the board's studies, Fix, said, was the cumulative effects of the railroad and coal-bed methane development proposed in the same area. He added that the project "would be like building a wall through your ranch" and would limit livestock access to the Tongue River. Mike Gustafson, the Billings businessman promoting the railroad, predicted the latest appeal would not stop his project. "The Surface Transportation Board has done their job, and we believe it will" stand up in court, he said. "Our position is not only have we met all the environmental requirements, but we have gone beyond that." Calls seeking comment from the Surface Transportation Board were not immediately returned on Monday, a federal holiday. Still unresolved is whether the rail line would move coal produced from land controlled by the state of Montana and its par tne r, Great Nor the r n Properties. That includes more than a billion tons of coal in the Otter Creek area. Sate officials have not decided whether to lease the property for development in the near future. Gov. Brian Schweitzer has said the pace of development is contingent on how much revenue the state could garner by leasing the tracts. Gustafson said Monday the project will continue regardless. If the state and Great Northern do not act, he said, the railroad still would have a supply of coal from mines in Wyoming and around Decker, Montana. "We're going to move forward. The state has a separate decision to make," Gustafson said.


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Donna Brown
Donna Louise Brown, 55, of Bruno, died Monday, October 3, 2011 at her residence. Born April 11, 1956, she was the daughter of the late Winfred "Bo" and Doris Grimmett.
Funeral services will be held Friday, October 7, at the Pathway Church of God, in Christian, at 1 p.m. Burial will follow at Highland Memory Gardens, in Godby Heights. Friends may gather with the family at the Pathway Church of God on Thursday, October 6, after 6 p.m.
Mounts Funeral Home of Gilbert is in charge of arrangements.
Lou Bunn
Lou Ellen Bunn, 78, of Canada, Ky., died Monday, October 3, 2011, in the South Williamson Appalachian Regional Hospital. Visitation will be held after 6 p.m. Tuesday, October 4, at the R.E. Rogers Funeral Home Chapel, Belfry, Ky. Funeral Services will be held 1 p.m. Wednesday.
G.C. Childress
The Rev. G.C. Childress, 77, of McAndrews, Ky., passed away Saturday, October 1, 2011, at the Appalachian Regional Hospital in South Williamson, Ky. Funeral services will be conducted Friday, October 7, at noon from the Logan Street First Baptist Church in Williamson. Visitation will be Thursday, October 6, from 6 p.m. until 8 p.m. at the Hatfield Funeral Chapel in Toler, Ky.
A complete obituary will be published in Wednesday's edition of the Williamson Daily News. Arrangements have been entrusted to the Hatfield Funeral Chapel in Toler.
Norma Maynard
Norma Caines "Snookie" Maynard, 85, of South Williamson, Ky., went home to be with the Lord on Monday; October 3, 2011 from the Skilled Nursing Facility at Appalachian Regional Hospital.
Visitation will be Wednesday evening from 6 p.m. until 9 p.m. at the funeral home. Funeral services will be held at noon Thursday at the funeral home.
A complete obituary will be published in Wednesday's edition of the Williamson Daily News.
Arrangements have been entrusted to the Hatfield Funeral Chapel in Toler, Ky.
Henry Ward
Henry Kay Ward, Jr., 91, of Williamson, passed away on Sunday, October 2, 2011, at Williamson Memorial Hospital.
Kay was born December 11, 1919, at Offutt, Ky., the son of the late Henry K. and Cyndia Parker Ward.
In addition to his parents he is also preceded in death by sisters, Olive Baker, Blanche Taylor, Jetty Verl Ward and Roberta Ward.
Kay graduated from Caney Creek Junior College (Alice Lloyd College) in Pippa Passes, Ky., with a teaching degree. He began his career as a teacher and later as a principal in Johnson County, Ky. During World War II he worked in Baltimore, Md., for Glen L. Martin Aircraft Manufacturing in research and development. After moving to Williamson he worked as Service Manger for Citizens Motor Company and Price Motor Company, taught at the Mingo County Vocational School, was Superintendent of the Mingo County School Bus Garage, served as a city councilman for eight years, was Flood Coordinator in 1977, and was Williamson Water Superintendent until his retirement.
Survivors include his wife, Ruby Daniels Ward; daughters, Joyce Spradlin, Sandie (Ted) Akers and Cindy Ward; grandchildren, Sherri (Ralph) Copley, Kimberly Spradlin, Erin Cooley, Alyson (Derek) Fitch, Adrienne Blackburn and Cameron Blackburn; 7 great-grandchildren; 3 great- great-grandchildren.
The family will receive friends from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. Tuesday evening, October 4, at Weaver Mortuary in West Williamson.
Funeral services will be conducted at 11 a.m., Wednesday, October 5, at the mortuary.
Interment will be at the Akers Family Cemetery at Ransom, Ky. Family members and friends will serve as pallbearers.
Express online condolences at www.weavermortuaryinc.com
Weaver Mortuary of West Williamson is serving the Ward family.


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It blows my mind that some legislators still think it's a good idea to peg our nation's defense budget to a percentage of the GDP. Call me a traditionalist, but a nation's defense budget should probably be based on a) how the nation sees its current and future threat environments, to include planning for contingencies, b) resources available, and c) how defense spending rates as a priority compared to other government expenditures. We can then have dynamic, fact-supported arguments about a), b) and most especially c).
Further, it makes some sense that our nation has spent a lot of money on national defense while fighting the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. But if I am following the logic of those who want to tie defense spending to the GDP correctly, our defense budget should have shrunk in FY09. And if the world's economy collapses because the Iranians attempt to close the Straits of Hormuz, does that mean we then slash the budgets of the U.S. Navy and Air Force?
My friend Mike Horowitz -- author of this great new book -- has a really funny, well, debate up on Slate with Mark Oppenheimer on high school and college debating. Some of you younger readers may be under the impression that the same jocks who were cool at your high school are the ones who go on to rule the roost here in Washington, but the reality is that within the policy community, a lot of the most impressive people are veterans of the other NFL -- the National Forensic League. As a guy who played football in high school and college (even though I'm not the greatest athlete and probably would have been a lot better at debate), I am highlighting Mike and Mark's debate in part because I spent Tuesday afternoon being impressed with the way Colin Kahl effectively deployed facts and figures in his presentation on Iraq at our big CNAS event. Where did Colin learn how to do that? Well, what did Colin do with all his spare time in high school and college? Yup. So don't despair, nerds: you will someday inherit the earth. (Or at least the 202 area code.)
[Blog alumna Charlie Simpson? Yes, also a debater.]
Update: Oh, snap! And Nagl too! I never knew this, but he's now in one of the common areas talking up his skilz in something called IE.
Update II: This has started a feverish Friday afternoon conversation among the staff at CNAS. The office is roughly divided between those who did debate/mock trial(!)/school newspaper/Model UN and those who played sports along a 1:2 margin. Some, like Nagl (Debate, Track) and Bob Kaplan (School Newspaper, Swimming), did both. I can sense a research project here: what if we sampled people in government at the deputy assistant secretary level and asked about their high school activities. What do you think the result would be?
Update III: Kath Hicks, too, I am now told.
Update IV: Slate's Fred Kaplan reports he went to the NFL nationals in '72, and Dave Barno -- Ranger Dave freaking Barno! -- also confesses he was president of his high school debate team.
I thought Fred Kaplan's profile of Sec. Gates was very solid work and enjoyed reading it. Gates said some very reasonable stuff about when he might like to retire:
"I think that it would be a mistake to wait until January 2012," he said. It might be hard to find a good person to take the job so late, with just one year to go in the president's current term. And, he added, "This is not the kind of job you want to fill in the spring of an election year."
August in Washington, though, man: I'm already getting requests for comment on WHAT THIS ALL MEANS. What this means is that everyone needs to act like Fonzie and chill. (Especially you, Yolanda.) Sec. Gates is not resigning tomorrow, and there will be plenty of time between now and his departure to both assess his legacy and handicap his likely successors.
CNAS -- and specifically, the CNAS kitchen -- is apparently where retired military officers come to channel their inner smart-ass. Today's quote comes from Col. (Ret.) Bob Killebrew, who was deep in discussion with Cdr. Herb "Herbal" Carmen (of "Sun Kings" fame) about the horse-trading with Virginia's congressmen that could determine how JFCOM is shuttered. When someone in the kitchen floated the possibility that Sec. Gates might swap JFCOM for one or possibly two new DDG destroyers, Col. Killebrew responded with the following:
Well, if you close JFCOM and build one or two destroyers instead, that would certainly be a good deal. I don't know how Sec. Gates is planning to man a ship with all those retired colonels, though.
"Thank you," he then didn't add. "I'll be at the Laugh Shack in Cape May through Labor Day."
For more on JFCOM and which defense contractors stand to lose the most, read this article and scroll to the end. (h/t @paulmcleary)
I just hope they don't make Ray Odierno Chief of Staff of the Army. We can't afford to get rid of the Army.
-- LTG (Ret.) David Barno, to me, outside the CNAS kitchen just now, in reference to Ray Odierno's habit of being the last man to hold a given position.
P.S. @chrisalbon is a genius.
The news that the Department of Defense is shuttering the Joint Forces Command was just broken to JFCOM's public affairs officer ... by a reporter. Ouch.
Rumors of JFCOM's demise have been floating around for some time, though, so this cannot be completely unexpected. One of the wisest military analysts I know remarked, upon hearing the rumors, that JFCOM does three valuable things that either the joint staff or another command will now have to pick up:
Other than that, I myself am unsure of what else we're losing.
From Mark Helprin in today's Wall Street Journal:
Cancelling the F-22 Raptor, the most capable fighter plane ever produced, is yet another act in the tragedy of a nation that, bankrupting itself, embracing moral decline, and apologizing to its enemies, is losing the will to prevail.
I mean, I do not even know where to begin with this one aside from laugh at how over-the-top that sentence is. I guess I could point out that the Department of Defense's base budget grew, in a time of tremendous financial pressure, 2.8% last year. (1.4% if you adjust for inflation.) I could also point out that since 2001, even if you do not include spending on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the DOD base budget has increased 40%. (And 70% if you include spending on Iraq and Afghanistan.) You and Mark Helprin can both read about this in Travis Sharp's helpful primer on the QDR and FY11 defense budget.
Lamenting a reduced U.S. Air Force presence in Europe, Helprin writes that "while it declined but before it burned, Rome kept only a shadow of legions upon the Rhine and the Danube." He actually wrote that sentence. In a newspaper. A quick Wikipedia search tells me the U.S. military currently has 369,000 military personnel deployed in 150 countries. Hardly a shadow, those 369,000 troops. And maybe -- just maybe -- we have a reduced presence in Europe because it makes sense to stage elsewhere. Or does Helprin think the Visigoths might mount a comeback and threaten Rome anew?
Helprin points out that three successive U.S. administrations before Obama have down-sized the F-22 program, which, come to think of it, should have told Helprin something. Instead he cites the late Sen. Kennedy's support for the F-22, ignoring the fact that the F-22 was manufactured in 48 different states, meaning Helprin could have found a quote from 95 other senators if he had wanted to do so.
Oh, and he never mentions the word "drones". Not once. He never once takes on the inconvenient reality that the era of manned flight may be reaching its terminus and that remotely piloted aircraft might render manned aircraft irrelevant in the next generation. You would have thought he would have wanted to have at least challenged that idea as he mounted a lusty defense for the F-22, no?
The pity of all this is that I was talking with Fick just a few weeks ago about what a great book A Soldier of the Great War is. You should read that, and Helprin should stick to writing novels.
Travis Sharpe better watch out, because Shawn Brimley used to sit in his comfortable perch at CNAS and write all kinds of sensible stuff about the budget and the QDR, and look where it got him: in charge of the latter. That hasn't stopped Travis from writing this timely primer on the QDR and the new defense budget, which you can read here.
(Travis notes as an aside what a revolutionary budget the FY10 budget was because of the changes it made to the acquisition of 50 weapons systems. Carrying out one of those changes, though, has been more difficult than foreseen and has prompted Sec. Gates to invite Maj. Gen. David Heinz to try his Wu-Tang Sword Style earlier today.)
I received a paper copy of this a few days ago and understood it was embargoed so I didn't post it. But now I'm starting to receive it over email as a .pdf, so I figure it's out there already and that readers of this blog should get the chance to read it. My first thoughts on this are very positive.
Big news in defense policy circles. A draft of the QDR has been leaked to Inside Defense. It -- the QDR, not the leak -- has a strong whiff of Brimley about it. I would post the .pdf on my Scribd account, but the security settings on the file are too strict.
Update: Nevermind. One my tech-genius readers figured out how I could share the document.


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Tide Pool Treasures is an active, fun, program where you and your child will learn all about the tide pool habitiat and the creatures that live their. Using fun props and lots of hands on science, we'll look at everything there is to know about this transitional environment found on the coast!
Always Call Ahead!
We will be exploring the tide-pools of Sandy Point to learn about the relationships between the water, plants, and animals that live in this habitat. We will learn how to search and handle a wide variety of intertidal animals including snails, mussels, crabs, and other small invertebrates. We plan to play a game that shows what life in a tide-pool is like, sing some songs and get a little wet too!
Curiosity companions explore the woodlands of Bungalow Hill, Clarke's Pond, and meadows of Ocean Lawn - discovering the wonders of nature while using all your senses. Song, stories, and puppets included! This program is for young children accompanied by their favorite adult. Price includes adult and child. Pre-registration required.
This week we learn about butterflies, how to catch them and what they eat! We'll will focus on the importance of a sense of place as we explore the ecology, sights, and sounds of our natural landscape. Wildlife, local and migrating birds, collecting techniques, and environmental awareness will be presented in a fun, energetic format that adults and children alike will enjoy.
The Cape Ann Waldorf School has designed their story hour specifically to inspire a love of learning in young children, and offers a chance for parents to experience the Waldorf Summer Program first hand. Our Story Hour experiences are tied closely to the school's mission. Teachers strive to educate the whole child - head, heart, and hands - to develop each child's gifts to their fullest potential. Children learn in a natural, experiential, and age-appropriate manner so that learning is meaningful, satisfying, and joyful.
Splish Splash Science is an active, fun, program where you and your child will learn all about water properties such as sinking, floating, surface tension, buoyancy, and waterproofing. Using fun props and lots of hands on science, we'll look at everything from ducks to scuba divers and how water works!
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Rome
Aztec Empire
Brain Quest
Creatures of Light
Glow Puzzle
How Rocket Learned to Read
iBird Backyard +
Knights and Castles
Math Bingo
Math Board
Numbers League
Preposition Builder
Roxie's a-MAZE-ing Vacation Adventure
Sentence Builder
Sentence Builder Teen
Solar System
Stack the States
Star Walk
Amazon.com Widgets


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Workplace Bullying and The Healthy Workplace Bill
August 27th, 2012 by Carol Farrar | 1 Comment | Filed in Civil Rights, Employment LawStatistics show that workplace bullying affects 1 in 6 American workers. Despite such startling statistics, there is presently no law on the books which protects employees from an abusive work environment. Yet, there may be hope! Since 2006, a New York grassroots organization, New York Healthy Workplace Advocates, has been lobbying New York Congress to pass the "Healthy Workplace Bill." The Bill can be read in its entirety at http://nyhwa.org/bill.html.
What is the Healthy Workplace Bill or "HWB"? (more…)
Tags: bullying, healthy workplace bill, hwb, new york healthy workplace advocates, workplace bullying


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Clarian Health Ventures "Cheers†event
An Informal gathering of Entrepreneurs and VCs
When: Tuesday, May 4th, 2010 at 4:30pm
Where:Â Euphoria at Buggs Temple
337 West 11th Street
Indianapolis, IN Â 46202
Detail: Clarian Health Ventures has organized a very informal, monthly gathering of entrepreneurs and VCs in the life sciences area, which we have modestly named "CHV Cheersâ€.  This is a happy hour, cash bar and hors d'oeuvres at Euphoria, the top floor of Buggs Temple (next to Fairbanks Hall, on 11th Street).
The goal here is to just have a place where people in the business can gather and talk informally; no program, no commitments.
Please join us if you can and feel free to bring a colleague.


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4 years ago :: Apr 08, 2009 - 12:28PM #1 | |
May everyone have a beautiful holiday, filled with loving warmth of family and our spiritual communion with the powerful truths of the Passover holiday! |
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4 years ago :: Apr 13, 2009 - 11:25AM #2 | |
BS"D And may we all work to evade the angel of death for the sake of our families and our neighbors. By that I mean senseless hatred for one another that results in physical violence that leads to bloodshed and death. May this Pesach be permanent and if not this one then the next one. |
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My Cart is a persistent shopping cart that stays with you while you navigate around Patagonia.com.
To minimize this window, click again on My Cart.
M's Long-Sleeved Gone Again Shirt $79.00 #54110
W's Sedum Tunic $79.00 #54330
M's Long-Sleeved Sun Stretch Shirt $99.00 #52195
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It's midsummer, and the deal-making is slow. But there are several fascinating, unnoticed items that have occurred in the last few weeks. Here's a look at a few:
Georgia Gulf/PPG
In a nearly dead deal market, it was nice to see the announcement on Thursday that Georgia Gulf would acquire PPG Industries' commodity chemical business in a transaction valued at $2.1 billion. The deal is a complicated one using a reverse Morris Trust structure. The structure will work like this: PPG will effectively spin off its chemical business and merge it with Georgia Gulf. Georgia Gulf will pay $900 million in cash to PPG and $1 billion worth of Georgia Gulf stock to PPG shareholders. The structure was likely used to make the stock payment to PPG shareholders nontaxable.
At the end of the day, PPG and Georgia Gulf shareholders will own the company 50-50, making this a true merger of equals — a transaction where there is really no acquirer or target but a merging of equivalent businesses for strategic reasons.
An acquirer's stock often goes down when a deal is announced because of fears of overpayment. But in a merger of equals, if the deal makes strategic sense, the stock of both companies should go up. And sure enough, they both did: Georgia Gulf was up almost 13 percent on Thursday, while PPG was up almost 5 percent.
WellPoint's $4.9 billion acquisition of the health insurer Amerigroup takes place in an industry undergoing huge change partly because of the Affordable Care Act. It is thus no surprise that the parties' acquisition agreement spends five, single-spaced pages detailing their obligations for clearing the deal with regulators.
WellPoint has agreed to a "hell or high water" provision, which requires it to take all actions necessary to obtain regulatory clearance — except for those that would materially and adversely affect or deprive WellPoint of the benefits of the Amerigroup acquisition. Under this provision, WellPoint would be required to make divestitures and other concessions to obtain regulatory approval from states and other regulators.
The main concern appears to be insurance regulators, since the threshold doesn't apply to any demands of antitrust regulators. WellPoint will have to accede to legitimate demands by regulators, regardless of how onerous they may be.
How extreme is this provision? It can be compared with the same provision in Bristol-Myers Squibb's $5.3 billion acquisition of Amylin Pharmaceuticals. That deal's acquisition agreement requires Bristol-Myers to do anything to satisfy regulators, as opposed to WellPoint's provision, which requires it to make concessions, but only up to certain limits.
Perversely, this is a sign that WellPoint was likely to have been more concerned with regulatory interference than Bristol-Myers was. Bristol-Myers likely agreed to this extreme provision and the significant concessions it might bring because it thought there would be little regulatory interference. But that may not to be the case with WellPoint's acquisition of Amerigroup, which is more likely to have regulatory problems and thus draft a more finely tuned clause to deal with this issue.
J. Alexander's/Fidelity National Financial
Fidelity National Financial has agreed to acquire the restaurant company J. Alexander's in a deal valued at $72 million. This deal proves the maxim that small deals often exceed the complexities of big, large-cap acquisitions.
Fidelity is a true conglomerate, as it owns a title insurance company, a mortgage servicer and a restaurant group that operates Max & Erma's and O'Charley's. J. Alexander's is a contemporary American restaurant chain with locations mostly in mid-America.
Under the terms of the deal, J. Alexander's shareholders can elect to receive $12 a share in cash, or $3 a share in cash and a share in a subsidiary of American Blue Ribbons Holdings, a newly created company wholly owned by Fidelity. But it is not necessarily an either/or option. J. Alexander's shareholders are required to hold 49.9 percent of the new company. If shareholders elect too much cash, they will be prorated to receive shares to meet this percentage.
Moreover, American Blue Ribbons will be a publicly traded holding company and its only asset will be a 12 percent interest in Fidelity's current restaurant group and the acquired J. Alexander's. The value of Fidelity's current restaurant group is unknown because it is not publicly traded.
I have to admit that it took me a good half-hour to figure out the terms of this deal because neither the status of the company after the acquisition nor the requirement that shareholders electing to receive cash might instead receive stock are clearly disclosed in the company's S.E.C. filings.
The end result is to create a complex company with a small float that is hard to value and that will have no control over its main asset, something that would never happen in a large-cap transaction.
After the announcement, Privet Fund, which holds 10 percent of the shares in J.Alexander's, announced its opposition, stating that "we have no confidence that every step has been taken (and will be taken) to properly represent our interests." Moreover, Privet has sued in a Tennessee court to force J. Alexander's to hold a shareholder meeting before the deal closes to replace J.Alexander's directors.
J. Alexander's board now has 30 days to shop the company. Even if no other bidder emerges, this deal will have a rough ride.
Australia Acquisition/Harbinger Capital
The embattled Philip Falcone has found his next venture, and it involves a special-purpose acquisition company.
His $65 million SPAC, the Australia Acquisition Corporation, went public in November 2010 to acquire businesses in Australia. At the time of its I.P.O., Australia Acquisition gave itself 21 months to consummate a business transaction or terminate operations. This type of deadline is typical for SPACs.
But with time running out, Australia Acquisition likely decided that holding out for an Australian acquisition would be fruitless. Australia Acquisition is now acquiring a controlling interest in Asian Coast Development (Canada), a Vietnamese casino development, and 9.7 percent of Ferrous Resources, a Brazilian iron ore producer, from Harbinger Capital Partners, Mr. Falcone's hedge fund. Mr. Falcone will serve as executive chairman, and Harbinger will own about 83 percent to 96 percent of the entity.
The deal is another example of SPACs acquiring the most bizarre assets as they race to avoid dissolution. Under Australia Acquisition's organizational documents, its shareholders can decide to stay invested in the company or redeem their shares at the initial offering price.
But 92 percent or more of its shareholders would have to elect to redeem their shares for the transaction not to occur. That's unlikely to happen, meaning that Mr. Falcone is about to gain some needed liquidity for assets that appear to be anything but, and the promoters of Australia Acquisition will see some return. The question is, what will remaining shareholders who don't redeem their shares get in this company?
Steven M. Davidoff, a professor at the Michael E. Moritz College of Law at Ohio State University, is the author of "Gods at War: Shotgun Takeovers, Government by Deal and the Private Equity Implosion." E-mail: email@example.com | Twitter: @StevenDavidoff
This post has been revised to reflect the following correction:
Correction: July 20, 2012
An earlier version of this article misstated the nature of the WellPoint-Amerigroup merger. WellPoint is buying Amerigroup, not vice versa, and WellPoint is the party required to take all actions necessary to obtain regulatory clearance for the deal.
With no national land registry in the country, competing claims abound and taxes remain unpaid in a system based on handwritten ledgers.
NetSuite and Workday are poised to cash in on the migration to cloud computing services and perhaps elbow aside today's corporate software giants.
Japan's Nikkei index slid 3.0 percent in early trade on Monday, following on from a 3.5 percent slide last week in breath-taking volatility that no doubt left many investors shaken.
Consumers are driving a movement toward labeling food products made from genetically modified organisms, and food producers are responding.
Officials appear poised to try to settle a dispute over the Chinese telecommunications firms Huawei and ZTE, which were accused of violating antidumping and subsidies laws.
A fresh musical take on the persistent tussle between war and peace — and the human cost of conflict.
Flash sales have taken hold in the book business, helping older books soar from the backlist to the best-seller list.
Fox News has denied that it knew about the subpoena, while Justice Department officials have said they sent notification 90 days after obtaining the telephone records.
Known as "bots," the digital scalpers are accused of trying to buy up to 200,000 tickets in a day from Ticketmaster, shutting fans out of the equation.
A federal judge's ruling could halt the resale of digital music as well as other digital good like e-books.
A world-renowned physicist meets a gorgeous model online. They plan their perfect life together. But first, she asks, would he be so kind as to deliver a special package to her?
The Winklevoss brothers have moved on from their battle with Mark Zuckerberg and are more active than ever.
Republicans want the entire law repealed and will not take part in changing it, and Democrats fear reopening politically charged legislation as midterm elections near.
Though Cardinal Timothy M. Dolan has denounced a health care law requirement on covering workers' contraception, the archdiocese has been providing coverage for thousands of unionized employees for over a decade.
An Alabama lawsuit argues that a law declaring teeth whitening the exclusive province of dental professionals is unconstitutional.
Procter & Gamble said on Thursday that its chief executive, Robert A. McDonald, had resigned. | Four executives of SAC Capital Advisors have received subpoenas to testify before a grand jury. | In a push to soften financial regulations, bank lobbyists are helping lawmakers draft legislation. | Congressional concern over SoftBank's bid for Sprint Nextel is growing.
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Pacific Science Center
The new symbol set and way-finding design organizes the Pacific Science Center into six exhibits through a colorful, iconic symbol set identifiable to children, adults, and international visitors. The new logo represents the exhibits coming together to create an interactive experience. The poster displays the new symbols and describes the revised mission statement. Tickets fit into the set of postcards visitors receive upon arrival to navigate around the center with ease.


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The libogg package contains the Ogg file structure. This is useful for creating (encoding) or playing (decoding) a single physical bit stream.
This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-7.2 platform.
Download (HTTP): http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.xz
Download MD5 sum: 84a35715170f2cd4c77a4448772b95d5
Download size: 288 KB
Estimated disk space required: 4 MB
Estimated build time: less than 0.1 SBU
User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/libogg
Install libogg by running the following commands:
./configure --prefix=/usr && make
To test the results, issue: make check.
Now, as the root
make install
: prevent static
libraries being built and installed.
Last updated on 2012-08-24 11:44:19 +0000