text:
After MSNBC host Keith Olbermann was briefly suspended for making campaign donations to three Democrats, Philadelphia Daily News Stu Bykofsky columnist wrote a piece about the controversy. Bykofsky sought comment from Olbermann, e-mailing the address firstname.lastname@example.com. Shortly after publishing his column, he receieved a reply. The e-mail, claming to be from Olbermann, insulted Bykofsky, calling him "pathetic" and "beneath contempt." It went on to insult MSNBC chief Phil Griffin, saying that he isn't "intellectually qualified" to be Olbermann's boss. Here is the reply in its entirety:
From: firstname.lastname@example.com [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com]
Sent: Monday, November 08, 2010 2:46 PM
To: Bykofsky, Stu
Subject: RE: [SPAM] From the Philadelphia Daily NewsMr. Bykofsky:
Unfortunately your column (which I just saw) had already run before I read this email. What a shame. I assume you saw the irony in attacking someone for betraying journalism, while you, a self-described journalist, failed to get a single quote from the person you were attacking. Pathetic. Indeed, beneath contempt. How dare you pose as the heir to Murrow.
You didn't wait for the facts before writing your screed, but for what it's worth I, unlike you, am a journalist, not a hack. Was I treated fairly by MSNBC? It's hard to imagine a dumber question, as I don't work for MSNBC, but for NBC News. As I've said publicly before, Phil Griffin is not my boss (thank god), nor is he intellectually qualified to be. Phil pretends otherwise in public. I'm not his shrink, but I assume it makes him feel better. The remarkable thing is that fools like you believe his fantasies. That pleases Phil, but only exposes your ignorance. The proof? I'll be anchoring on election night 2012, long after Phil Griffin has moved on to a job for which he's actually qualified, perhaps on QVC.
I hope that clears up your misconceptions.
Bykofsky and "KO" continued to e-mail each other back and forth, and their conversation became more and more hostile. One e-mail supposedly coming from Olbermann told Bykofsky he has the "attention span of an ant," prompting the Philadelphia columnist to respond that Olbermann must have an "anger-management problem." The blog Phawker published the e-mails in their entirety, believing that the e-mails coming from Olbermann were authentic.
Yet Yahoo News soon discovered that the e-mails were not from Olbermann at all. In a statement given to the site, MSNBC confirmed that the e-mails were not from their host. "Mr. Bykofsky has been, I would suggest, hoist on his own petard," Olbermann told Yahoo News.
So who was replying from the address firstname.lastname@example.com? Yahoo News's Michael Calderone reported this past summer that Tucker Carlson, the editor-in-chief of the conservative blog The Daily Caller, purchased the address. "We want to be the Keith Olbermann superstore," Carlson said at the time. "We want to be your first and last stop for Keith Olbermann analysis." In a phone interview with Carlson Tuesday night, Yahoo News confirmed with Carlson that he was behind the emails. "Could you resist?" Carlson told them. "It was just too funny. The flesh is weak."
Carlson's juvenile attacks do not reflect well on The Daily Caller. At the time of the Caller's launch, Carlson wrote that it is "primarily a news site. We see our core job as straightforward: Find out what's happening and tell you about it. We plan to be accurate, both in the facts we assert and in the conclusions we imply. If we're not, tell us. We'll fix it immediately." One has to wonder how Carlson plans to fix his latest act of deception.
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text: The Ursula C. Schwerin Library at New York City College of Technology, 300 Jay Street (at Tillary), Atrium 4th Floor, Downtown Brooklyn, is hosting an exhibit marking the 125th anniversary of the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge. The exhibit will run through the end August. The exhibit features materials provided by the College's Department of

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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text:
The House passed a budget, revised funding of charter schools, restricted scrap-metal sales and outlawed assisted suicide while the Senate let churches limit their health insurance for religious reasons, blocked the state's insurance from covering abortions and mandated job training for people on food stamps.
Some of the debates included candid, personal revelations by some of the lawmakers.
The marathon gathering was to push as many bills through before the midnight deadline that killed all proposals that weren't passed by the chamber where they were introduced.
The Senate scheduled 30 bills for consideration and had voted on but four. The House had voted on 43 in the same time. But then, the House got a half-hour head start on the day and has rules that limit debate and amendments.
Still, the House held lengthy debates on some measures. It spent time on House Bill 797 as Democrats, mostly, tried to stop a law change that would allow the state to continue funding schools granted charters by the state.
The House has already passed a constitutional amendment to allow the state to grant more charters, but the Senate stopped consideration of it last week when it became obvious there weren't the votes to pass it there. HB797 is necessary if the amendment passes.
Also in the House Wednesday was a bill to outlaw assisted suicide — but not providing information about how to do it. During the debate, Rep. Roberta Abdul-Salaam, D-Riverdale, recounted how her family coped last week with an attempted suicide as she warned that the bill could make criminals of them for inadvertently providing help.
The sponsor of HB 1114, Rep. Ed Setzler, R-Acworth, urged its passage.
"This is an issue that we, as a state, cannot ignore," he said.
The House passed a budget for the next fiscal year. It also passed a scaled-back version of Gov. Nathan Deal's Competitiveness Initiative by expanding job-creation tax credits to fewer companies than he had proposed. And it passed a measure making it a felony for the owner of a dog that attacks a second human, a proposal it had rejected last week over problems some had with the wording.
During debate on legislation to require random drug tests for people on welfare, the sponsor acknowledged growing up in a trailer park with a single mother who worked in a chicken-processing plant. And one supporter, Rep. Ed Lindsey, R-Atlanta, announced that he was the son of an addict.
"I saw the positive impact of tough love. It is what saved my family. It is what saved me," he said. "It is what will have an impact in this bill."
Across the Capitol, the Senate also passed a similar bill. Separately, it excused religious organizations from federal requirements to provide contraception in their employee health-insurance plans.
"Religious organizations and employers should have the right to accept or deny this type of coverage, especially as it pertains to the church's main core values," said Sen. Josh McKoon, R-Columbus.
A bill to block the state's employee health plan from covering the costs of abortions passed on a party-line vote.
Senators also voted to require people on food stamps to take classes for job training or to complete their education. During the debate, Sen. Gloria Butler, D-Stone Mountain, revealed that she had been on welfare 35 years ago.
"If I had been told that I had to go through professional development (as a college graduate), I would have been totally devastated by that," she said. "I needed money for food. I needed money for gas to even get to the office to apply for that."
At the end of the night, the Senate passed a resolution calling for a national convention to add a balanced-budget amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Then it passed a resolution asking Congress to pass a balanced-budget amendment and another urging the federal government to rein in the Environmental Protection Division.
After the long day, legislators get time off. The General Assembly doesn't reconvene until Monday.


text:
So I have a flatmate.
Which is new.
Katie's house is getting work done to it and she WAS planning on staying with Michael but well, that's not so much an option any more. (I wonder if I could go stay with him…. Probably not.)
I actually like having her here; she's helpful, fun and learned some cooking skills from Michael. Although cooking reminds her of him, so as long as you don't mind that your food is spiced with bitter tears of heartbreak and loneliness…. It's really very tasty.
Also she drives, (which I think is funny considering she COULD fly into work if she wanted.) which means she gives me a lift. Avoiding public transport, always a plus.
Really the only downside is the two annoying habits she has in the morning.
1. She gets up really early and goes to the gym before coming back having a shower and driving me to work. It's no that she wakes me up, or that she uses all the hot water... No it's that when I get out of bed to be confronted by the chipper "already been awake for hours and done things with her day" woman making me breakfast, I can't help but feel like I am a useless sack of lazy with no possibility of positive contribution to society. (Which is a feeling that usually takes me an entire day to develop.)
2. Okay yes she does actually use all the hot water.
At least it's only for a couple of weeks…
…and I should really be assertive enough to talk to her, explain that I need hot water too. She's a nice person, she'll understand, it's not like am going to upset her.
Although she has just been through a breakup and isn't even able to find the comfort of her own home.
Maybe if I shower before bed??


text:
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text:
Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said Thursday that he doesn't know of any other U.S. military officers involved in the investigation into former CIA Director David Petraeus and top U.S. commander in Afghanistan Gen. John Allen.
"I am not aware of any others that could be involved in this issue at the present time. Obviously, as this matter continues to be investigated both on Capitol Hill and by the inspector general, I'm sure we'll have to wait an see what additional factors are brought to our attention," said Panetta at a press conference in Bangkok, Thailand, according to media reports.
The Federal Bureau of Investigations said on Tuesday that it handed over 20,000 to 30,000 pages of emailed correspondence between Allen and Jill Kelley, a Tampa, Fla., woman and friend of Petraeus.
Panetta, who preceded Petraeus as CIA chief, reiterated his "confidence" in Allen, whose nomination to become NATO Supreme Allied Commander-Europe and head of U.S. European Command has been put on hold while the Defense Department inspector general continues its investigation into the "potentially inappropriate" communications.
"As I said, I have tremendous confidence in Gen. Allen, certainly in his ability and his leadership, and I don't think anybody ought to jump to any conclusions as to where any of this will lead," Panetta said.
Although the general will remain as U.S. commander in Afghanistan, Panetta has requested that the Senate act quickly to confirm his successor there, Gen. Joseph Dunford.
A source close to Allen earlier this week said the general had denied any wrongdoing in the matter, according to reports.
Petraeus on Thursday told CNN's "Headline News" that he had stepped down from the CIA solely because of his affair and denied that his departure was linked to congressional probes into the attack on the U.S. Consulate in Benghazi, Libya, or that he disclosed classified documents to Broadwell.
At his press conference, Panetta stressed that the actions of a few individuals do not reflect upon the military as a whole. He emphasized his faith in the leadership and ethical standards of U.S. military leaders.
"It is important that we ensure that the public understands that the vast majority of our military officers, and let's not forget, we have a thousand, a thousand officers, a thousand general officers and admirals who lead our forces and they do it with distinction, and they do it with courage, and they do it with good leadership, and they do it on an ethically high standard," he said. "I don't think we ought to forget that, as we discuss what's occurred in these last few weeks."
Panetta is on a week-long visit to the Asia-Pacific region, with stops in Australia, Thailand and Cambodia. His trip to Thailand is the first official visit of a secretary of Defense to the country since 2008.
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text:
La Mountage Part 4> Changing Tracks ft. Chemical brothers - Setting Sun
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Part 4 of the Home movie La mountage bringing you onto the slopes with a quick sub intro for tignes. This was the starting point for our days as its the highest point you can reach from Les brevier without strapping in for a long run. look out for Daisy changing the music ;0 - From here the movie takes you on a journey round Tignes linking in each section. As you can see theres no powder, it didn't snow once in 8 days! Please feel free to comment on the editing
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text: Inside Chernobyl's Abandoned Hospital (15 photos) January 5, 2013 MISC No comments 27 years after Russian nuclear plant went into meltdown. Related Posts Meanwhile in Russia (60 photos) Spitbank Fort Hotel (18 photos) The Deadly Gangs of El Salvador (40 photos) World's Largest Cemetery (12 photos) Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. Name (required) Mail (will not be published) (required) Website


text:
GJGJ 2011 Opening Plenary Wednesday, Feb. 9
We're blogging live from Good Jobs, Green Jobs 2011, as Jared Bernstein, Chief Economist and Economic Policy Advisor to Vice President Joe Biden is delivering his remarks.
"Let's also recognize that the role of government in our lives is not a static role."
"Government has an important role to play in fostering innovation."
He is championing the importance of creating jobs and boost the manufacturing sector and the Obama administration's role in doing so.
"We will work tirelessly with you to make this vision a reality."
The plenary panel on sustainable communities is being introduced.
The panel is being moderated by "The Kojo Nnamdi Show" Host Kojo Nnamdi.
"Where we differ is not what we mean by sustainable communities...where we differ is how we get there.
U.S. Congressman Keith Ellison has been introduced by Nnamdi.
Rep. Ellison:
"9% unemployment is a national disgrace, we should not tolerate it!"
"What are we doing now? Let's do something for green jobs right away with making these homes more efficient."
"What if we had a multi-city tour for jobs and economic justice and we culminated that tour for a jobs and economic justice rally in Washington and forced the policy choices of everyone in office to putting Americans back to work..."
Lawrence J. Hanley, International President, Amalgamated Transit Union.
We spent more money last year on transit than any year in history and yet we have record increase in fares and record lay-offs...from our point of view its not just about sustaining our cities and sustaining our country, but sustaining the world.
Nnamdi is asking Clark Manus, FAIA, President, American Institute of Architects about our fascination with China.
"If you look at building efficiency and energy efficiency it should be of everyone's concern."
"30% of our memebers have been out of work as a result of what's happening in this economy. The difference that i've observed in our work in China is that they see a problem and they put that problem to work, they don't talk it to death."
He is discussing an eco-community that a Chinese client is planning on, and how the United States needs to stop talking and put these green, clean energy plans into action.
Jobs are an essential part of putting our communities back to where we think they will survive.
"The world is changing and our dream is changing...the notion that we have to have a movement in America is a really good point."
"Public transit is a civil right."
"If we are to have what we view as sustainable which includes good jobs and the ability for people to retire in dignity, then we are going to have to go out and build a movement."
Kathy Gerwig, Vice President Workplace Safety and Environmental Stewardship, Officer, Kaiser Permanente.
"If there is one myth that I'd like to bust, it's that being green costs more."
"It's [being green's] not just good for business, it's good for workers, it reduces sickness and injuries."
Rep. Ellison:
"The reason we have high unemployment is because we have inadequate demand, and we have inadequate demand because we have high unemployment...the way to fix this problem is to put people back to work."
Related recent Blogs
- VIDEO: Concerns about America's defense industrial base • by scapozzola • 05/22/2013
- CNBC: China investing in U.S. • by scapozzola • 05/22/2013
- In Indiana, ongoing concerns about subsidized auto parts from China and Japan • by scapozzola • 05/22/2013
- RADIO: AAM's Scott Paul on Leslie Marshall Radio Show, May 20, 2013 • by scapozzola • 05/21/2013
- May 21, 2013 Headlines: Tensions with North Korea, a stronger WTO, and more. • by LRaup • 05/21/2013
- Shoring up our security means addressing the China challenge • by mmcmullan • 05/20/2013
- Quote of the Day from Caterpillar's Doug Oberhelman • by LDonia • 05/20/2013
- May 20, 2013 Headlines: Manufacturing & social media, growth of the U.S. economy, and more. • by LRaup • 05/20/2013
- President Obama visits Baltimore factory to promote infrastructure investment as a means of revitalizing the middle class • by LDonia • 05/17/2013
- It's Fashion Friday, but NoCargo carries more than just American-made clothing! • by LDonia • 05/17/2013


text:
Daily Local News (http://www.dailylocal.com),Serving Chester County, PA, PA.
Entertainment »News & Gossip »
By DENNY DYROFF
For the Journal Register News Service
Friday, November 23,2012
There is "Mother's Day" in May and "Father's Day" in June. Earlier this month, the country celebrated "Veterans' Day." This Saturday, it's time to celebrate "Patriot's Day."
"Patriot's Day" is a special celebration that will be held November 24 at the Brandywine Battlefield in Chadds Ford.
Visitors are invited to step back in time to a small outpost in the area in the winter of 1777. There will be an encampment featuring Colonial troops and British army.
Activities include musket firing demonstrations, exterior tours of the historic Gilpin House, open fire cooking demonstrations, musket drilling for children, exhibits and discussions featuring 18th-century workers — a gunsmith, a carpenter and a blacksmith.
George Washington will be there to interact with visitors and present a special lecture. And, there will be continuous tours of Washington's Headquarters.
As an added attraction, everyone will receive a 10 per cent discount in the Brandywine Battlefield Museum Shop.
What: Patriot's Day
When: Nov. 24, 10 a.m.-4 p.m.
Where: Brandywine Battlefield, Route 1, Chadds Ford
Tickets: Adults, $8; children (ages 5-14), $5
Information: 610-459-3342 or http://brandywinebattlefield.org


text:
Ratings Summary | Best | Better | Good | Fair | Poor |
Bosch SHE55M15UC 500 Series Size: 24" Built-In MSRP: $1049 |
• Sanitize • Steam • Sensors • Spray Jets • Steel Tub • Adj Racks |
Energy 259 kWh/Yr |
Water 3.7 Gal/Use |
Sound 47 dBA |
Cleaning 5 Key Items |
• The SHE55M15UC uses 11% less electricity than average and ranks in the top 11% of the most energy efficient dishwashers. • This Bosch dishwasher uses 10% less water than average with gallon-per-cycle rates in the top 24% of the best dishwashers. • It is 6 dba quieter than average with sound ratings in the top 10% of the best dishwashers. • This dishwasher has more key cleaning features than average and ranks in the top 39% for cleaning features that really make a difference. • It is 34% more expensive than average and is priced in the top 20% of new higher-cost dishwashers. |
Cleaning Ratings | ||
Spray Jets |
Supplemental spray jets are not available with the SHE55M15UC model. Uncommon feature but high-pressure jets are effective on dishes with baked-on food or grease. | |
Steam | Does not have the capability to generate steam. Steam cycles are only found on a few higher-priced dishwashers and they can really help loosen stubborn food deposits. | |
Wash Levels |
Dishes are washed from 5 different levels, which is standard. Streams of water from several different angles and directions is important for thorough cleaning. | ✔ |
Sensor Washing |
Uses one or more sensors to measure soil content, load level, and/or water temperature. Sensors automatically make cycle adjustments to ensure optimum cleaning. | ✔ |
NSF Sanitize |
Includes a sanitary cycle that is NSF certified to remove 99.9% of germs and bacteria. Water temperatures reach approximately 150-degrees to help disinfect your dishes. | ✔ |
Cycles & Options |
You can choose from 9 different cycles and options, which is average. Higher cycles and options gives you more flexibility to fit your lifestyle and get your dishes clean. | ✔ |
Food Disposer |
No built-in food disposer that can help minimize the amount of debris in the wash water. About 50% of new dishwashers are designed with a hard or soft food disposer. | |
High-Temp Option |
Includes the option to choose a high-temperature wash cycle. High temperature water is one of the most important ingredients for producing really clean dishes. | ✔ |
Drying Ratings | ||
Heated Dry |
Includes an option to dry the dishes faster with an internal heating element. Heated drying can also help to reduce spotting on dishes and especially glassware. | ✔ |
Tub Material |
Stainless steel interior helps dry dishes faster and more efficiently. Stainless steel has natural heat-retaining and water-condensing properties that help dry your dishes. | ✔ |
Loading Ratings | ||
Number Racks |
The SHE55M15UC has a standard 2-rack design with both upper and lower racks. A few dishwasher models have 3-rack designs, but two racks are adequate. | ✔ |
Spray Arms |
Uses a superior spray arm design instead of a central tower. Spray arms provide more wash levels and don't take up rack space or limit loading flexibility. | ✔ |
Adjustable Racks |
One or more of the racks can be adjusted to move up, down, and/or tilt. Adjustable racks create additional room for larger items such as cookie sheets or large pots. | ✔ |
Removable Racks |
Like most dishwashers, the racks cannot be removed. It's a little less convenient for those rare occasions when you have huge items that won't fit with both racks installed. | |
Fold-Down Tines |
Rack divider tines can be folded down to secure loose dishes or to create addition space for larger odd-shaped items. Provides loading flexibility. | ✔ |
Cup Shelf |
Includes an additional shelf that often allows you to stack two levels of coffee mugs or to secure delicate stemware. Good feature for after-entertaining clean-up. | ✔ |
Silverware Basket |
The silverware basket has premium features such as being movable, dividable, or fitted with covered slots. A flexible silverware basket can make loading and unloading easier. | ✔ |
Utility Basket |
Like most dishwashers, this does not have an extra utility basket or tray that can store utensils, cutlery, or other items that don't fit in the standard basket. | |
Detergent Dispenser |
Uses a standard detergent dispenser that you fill each time you run a new wash cycle. A few models have reservoirs that can hold multiple cycles of detergent. |
Capacity Ratings | ||
Place Settings |
This 24-in tall tub dishwasher is designed to hold 14 place settings of dishes, which is average. A family of four needs about 14 place settings. | ✔ |
Tub Size |
Super-capacity tall-tub with about 20% more interior room than standard tubs. The additional tub height allows you to load taller items in the upper rack. | ✔ |
Efficiency Ratings | ||
Energy Star |
The Bosch SHE55M15UC is Energy Star qualified. It uses 16% less energy, and 26% less water than the maximum allowed Energy Star standard. | ✔ |
Energy Ratings |
The estimated annual electricity use is 259 kWh according to the EnergyGuide ratings. This is 11% better than the average new dishwasher. | ✔ |
Water Ratings |
The estimated water usage is 3.7 gallons per cycle according to data from the US Dept of Energy. This is 10% better than the average new dishwasher. | ✔ |
Energy Saver |
You can select an economy cycle that uses lower temperatures, less water, and/or a shorter time for lightly-soiled dishes. Helps save water and energy. | ✔ |
Half-Load Option |
No option to save water and energy by washing just a half-load in either the upper or lower rack. You can still be eco-friendly by waiting for a full load before running a cycle. | |
Delay-Start Option |
Includes an energy-saving option to automatically run the dishwasher overnight or during off-peak energy hours when electric utility rates are often substantially less. | ✔ |
Sound Ratings | ||
Sound Level |
Sound decibel level is 47 dBA. It is 6 dba quieter than average with sound ratings in the top 10% of the best dishwashers. A 3 dBA decrease is like doubling the distance. | ✔ |
Style Ratings | ||
Door Panel |
Stainless steel door panel provides a clean, sleek modern look. One of the more popular appliance styles that is both durable and fashionable. | ✔ |
Tub Material |
Stainless steel tub and door lining looks high-tech and is stain-resistant, rust-resistant, durable, and less likely to absorb odors. Helps dry dishes quickly. | ✔ |
Control Console |
All-digital touch-pad control console is visible from the front. Not as stylish as fully-integrated (hidden) consoles, but sometimes more convenient to use. | ✔ |
Digital Display |
The Bosch SHE55M15UC control console includes a digital display that shows cycle time remaining or other pertinent information that helps you monitor the wash. | ✔ |
Price Ratings | ||
MSRP | The MSRP is $1049. Sale price is usually 10%-20% less. It is 34% more expensive than average and is priced in the top 20% of new higher-cost dishwashers. |
Go to Dishwasher Ratings from Bosch SHE55M15UC Review |
Go to Bosch Dishwasher Reviews from Bosch SHE55M15UC Review |
Disclosure | Disclaimer | Privacy |
Copyright © 2009-2012 Dishwasher-Ratings.com. All Rights Reserved. |


text:
Dairy farmers protest in Delhi over milk adulteration, unfair pricing
New Delhi, May 8 (ANI): Dairy farmers from across northern India gathered in New Delhi on Tuesday to protest against the issue of milk adulteration and unfair pricing by private companies.
The protesters holding placards shouted anti-government slogans outside the residence of Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) V. Narayanasamy.
Mohan Singh Ahluwalia, the activist representing milk suppliers, urged the government to intervene immediately.
"V. Narayanasamy had discussed the issue with us and we informed him that milk authorities will stop the adulteration of milk, decide the support price, bring about changes in the Food Safety Act 2011, and bring the all the investigations under one authority and the fix the price of sale and purchase of milk. The government should form a regulatory body before 15th May," said Ahluwalia.
The suppliers said there was a need to bring about some amendments in the Food Safety Act 2011.
The dairy farmers also threatened to go a hunger strike if the government failed to address their problems.
"We will go on a strike on 20th May. If the government agrees or disagrees, we are clear with what we want. We will go on a hunger strike on 20th May at Jantar Mantar and we will not allow the supply of adulterated milk in Delhi," added Ahluwalia.
Milk suppliers on April 18 had faxed a letter to Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh about the huge wealth amassed by private companies and complained that they were not adequately compensated by them.
In the letter, they also mentioned that the private milk companies sold the milk at an increased price, which they bought from them at a much less rate.
The consumers have to face the brunt as they are compelled to pay more money. (ANI)
Read More: D. K. Mohan Garden Po | Mohan Nagar | Mohan Bhandari | Aligarh Dairy Farm | Mohan | Khad Mohan Nagar | Mohan Sankari | Sarai Mohan | Mohan Garh | Mohan Nagar Durg | A.gs Office | State Bank Of India | Taluk Office(stp) Bo | Vj Rly Divisional Office | Milk Colony | Madhavaram Milk Colony | Raja Ram Mohan Sarani | Mon Mohan Gaon | Mohan Darwan | Manmohan Singh


text:
The Colt
July 21, 2012 31 Comments
I watched the colt
tugging at the training bit,
sleek shoulders lined with muscle,
thoroughbred hooves
cutting into sand.
He rises now, like a river,
swelling into his rider's hands
and I wondered how it would feel,
what power we would have
when his thin back broadened
and we obeyed the earth and wind.
© 2012 Louise Hastings
Written in response to dVersepoets poetics prompt ~ in Schiller's footsteps :)


text:
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List of road closures through Delco
Route 0003 (WEST CHESTER PK) between Intersection of ELLIS AV in NEWTOWN TOWNSHIP and Intersection of NEWTOWN STREET RD in NEWTOWN
Route 0320 (SPROUL RD) between Intersection of CHURCH LN / + MARPLE RD in MARPLE TOWNSHIP and Intersection of DARBY RD in HAVERFORD TOWNSHIP
Route 1022 (PAXON HOLLOW RD) between Intersection of WORTHINGTON DR in MARPLE TOWNSHIP and Intersection of PINE TREE DR in MARPLE TOWNSHIP
Route 2005 (DARBY RD) between Intersection of MARPLE RD in HAVERFORD TOWNSHIP and Intersection of COLLEGE AV in HAVERFORD TOWNSHIP
Route 2006 (MACDADE BL / TWENTYSECOND ST) between Intersection of PROVIDENCE AV in CHESTER and Intersection of BULLENS LN in RIDLEY TOWNSHIP
Route 2006 (TWENTYSECOND ST / MACDADE BL) between Intersection of PROVIDENCE AV in CHESTER and Intersection of BULLENS LN in RIDLEY TOWNSHIP
Route 3019 (MANCHESTER AV / ROSE VALLEY RD) between Intersection of BROOKHAVEN RD in NETHER PROVIDENCE TOWNSHIP and Intersection of
BALTIMORE AV / + MANCHESTER AV in MEDIA BOROUGH
Route 3036 (IVY MILLS RD) between Intersection of JOHN HANNUM CR / + CONCORD RD in CONCORD TOWNSHIP and Intersection of VALLEY BROOK RD in Continued...
Route 3036 (WAWA RD / IVY MILLS RD) between Intersection of VALLEY BROOK RD in CHESTER HEIGHTS BOROUGH and Intersection of BALTIMORE PK in
Route 3046 (SMITHBRIDGE RD) between Intersection of CONCORD RD in CONCORD TOWNSHIP and Intersection of VALLEY BROOK RD in CHESTER HEIGHTS
Route 4004 (BARREN RD) between Intersection of PAINTER RD in MIDDLETOWN TOWNSHIP and Intersection of ARBOR CR in MIDDLETOWN TOWNSHIP
Route 4015 (CHEYNEY RD) between Intersection of CONCORD RD in CONCORD TOWNSHIP and Intersection of BALTIMORE PK in CONCORD TOWNSHIP
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Wednesday, May 22, 2013
Teachers and administrators took issue on Tuesday with the weight given to student assessments in proposed regulations for teacher and principal evaluations.
The men say they just learned that church officials knew a Maine priest was molesting children and did nothing to stop it.
Gary Bird says he's '98 percent sure' there are no more survivors or bodies to recover under the rubble. The twister killed 24 people.
Oklahoma teachers saved many lives, witnesses say
SLIDE SHOW: Death, destruction in Oklahoma
In tornado's wake, worried parents seek out kids
VIDEO: Tearful reunions at Oklahoma elementary school
Power of Oklahoma tornado dwarfs Hiroshima bomb
Maine Gov. Paul LePage said Mainers need to focus their generosity in places that can provide the most help by donating money to volunteer agencies.
Residents will have a final opportunity to be heard Thursday, before city councilors wrap up deliberations on a $52.6 million city and school budget that would increase property taxes by 6.6 percent.
Jefferson residents accepted the school budget as proposed and rejected the idea of the town owning the Clary Lake dam at Tuesday night's Town Meeting held at Jefferson Village School.
Somerset County filed a civil suit against the state Board of Corrections on Tuesday for payment of more than $280,000 the county contends it is owed for operations at the Somerset County Jail.
Unofficial vote totals indicated that Regional School District 18's proposed school budget of $32,281,753 passed handily at polls in the district's five towns Tuesday.
If lawmakers want to be consistent, they should submit a bill to 'outlaw tobacco altogether' instead of just banning smoking in certain places, he says.
The House and Senate approve a bill that would pay state hospitals back $186 million, and give basic health coverage to 60,000 Mainers using federal dollars.
Police are seeking one suspect, and possibly a second, in an assault at Walmart in Augusta, which sent a man to the hospital.
Leandra Martin had her doubters, starting with her father and grandfather. They remember telling Martin she could try a race car out, but figured it was likely just a phase that wo ...
Mitchell Zukor is a disaster waiting to happen — and waiting for disasters to happen to himself and the rest of us.
IN EMBDEN, Monday at 4:49 p.m., a report of harassment was investigated on Timber Lane.
The state funds will go toward replacing Hall Elementary and fixing Longfellow Elementary, says Portland's finance director.
The deadly storms, which form about once a year, have more energy than an atomic bomb.


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HETG/ACIS-S Grating Spectra
CIAO 4.5 Science Threads
Generate a new PHA2 spectrum file for any HETG/ACIS-S grating observation to ensure that consistent calibration is used throughout the analysis.
Run this thread if:
You are working with an ACIS/HETG dataset and want to create a new level=2 event file and extract a Type II PHA grating spectrum file.
Related Links:
- About the Instrument: ACIS & HETG
- Analysis Guide for Chandra High Resolution Spectroscopy: an in-depth discussion of grating analysis.
Continuous Clocking Mode why topic: additional information for users working with CC-mode data.
- Why topic: Desteaking ACIS Data
Last Update: 24 Apr 2013 - Updated the chandra_repro section to make it clear the it does all the steps in this thread and that responses are now also created.
- About the Chandra Grating Data Archive and Catalog
- About the chandra_repro script
- Data Preparation
- Get Started
- Generate a New Level=1.5 Event File
- Generate a New Level=2 Event File
- Extract a Grating Spectrum (tgextract)
- Summary
- Parameter files:
- History
- Images
About the Chandra Grating Data Archive and Catalog
The Chandra Grating Data Archive and Catalog (TGCat) is a browsable interface to analysis-quality spectral products (binned spectra and corresponding response files). TGCat makes it easy to find observations of a particular object, type of object, or type of observation, to quickly assess the quality and potential usefulness of the spectra with pre-computed graphics or custom-generated plots of binned and combined counts or fluxe spectra. Spectra, responses, event files, and summary products may be downloaded as a package.
TGCat runs standard CIAO tools, but also includes customized extractions for non-standard cases to refine the zeroth order position or to use regions appropriate for extended sources. Non-standard extractions details are provided in "verification and validation" comments for users.
Most public grating observations are available and new ones are added soon after they are released. See the list of of observations not included for exceptions. Many of the observations currently in this list will be included when we add enhanced processing for more difficult cases (multiple sources, very extended sources).
Please consider using the spectrum and responses (PHA, ARF, and RMF files) from TGCat in your analysis.
About the chandra_repro script
The chandra_repro script reprocessing script automates the recommended data processing steps presented in the CIAO analysis threads. The script reads data from the standard data distribution (e.g. primary and secondary directories) and creates a new bad pixel file, a new level=2 event file, and a new level=2 Type II PHA file.
(24 Apr 2013) chandra_repro also will now create the appropriate ARF and RMF for each grating order and arm in the spectrum using the mktgresp script that was in the 4.5.2 (April 2013) contributed scripts release. They will be stored in a tg/ subdirectory of the outdir parameter.
Refer to "ahelp chandra_repro" for more information.
If you have run chandra_repro you do not need to complete the rest of this thread unless you want to understand the individual processing steps, the options avaiable, or need to apply any non-standard calibrations.
Data Preparation
This analysis thread starts with the level 1 event file. Before beginning, users may wish to reprocess the data with chandra_repro to create a new event file with the most recent calibration applied.
It is also suggested that users set the observation-specific bad pixel file, as described in the Setting the Observation-specific Bad Pixel Files thread.
Get Started
Download the sample data: 459 (HETG/ACIS-S, 3C 273)
unix% download_chandra_obsid 459 evt1,flt,asol
In this thread, we assume that all relevant files are in the same working directory.
If you do not need to run this thread, go directly to the ACIS-S Grating RMFs thread.
Generate a New Level=1.5 Event File
1. Get position of zero-order image (tgdetect)
To find the zero-order location, the tool tgdetect is run:
unix% punlearn tgdetect unix% pset tgdetect infile=acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits unix% pset tgdetect outfile=acis_459_src1a.fits unix% tgdetect Input L1 event file (acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits): Input source position(s) file from previous OBI or NONE (NONE): Output source position(s) file name (root_src1a.fits) (acis_459_src1a.fits):
The contents of the parameter file may be checked using plist tgdetect.
The source list may be viewed over the event file using ds9:
unix% ds9 acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits &
Overlay the source list: Region → Load Regions → acis_459_src1a.fits.
The following special cases require manual intervention in order to create a new PHA file. If these problems affect your data, it will be obvious when the source list is displayed on the event file.
If the zero order of the source is outside of the default search area (e.g. far from the aimpoint), tgdetect will not find it. In this case, run the Correcting a Misplaced Zero-order Source Position thread to identify the correct source position.
If the zero-order source is piled, there is the potential for the centroid to be incorrect due to the "hole" created in the data. Additionally, the zero-order region may have been blocked via on-board software to avoid telemetry problems when observing bright sources. For either of these cases, refer to the Source Position for Grating Data with a Piled or Blocked Zero Order thread for instructions on how to proceed.
(6 Dec 2012) In CIAO 4.5, the tg_findzo tool can be used to help locate the best zero-order location when it has been masked out or suffers from pileup.
2. Get region mask (tg_create_mask)
The location of the HEG and MEG "arms" needs to be found next, via the tool tg_create_mask.
unix% punlearn tg_create_mask unix% pset tg_create_mask infile=acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits unix% pset tg_create_mask outfile=acis_459_evt1_L1a.fits unix% pset tg_create_mask input_pos_tab=acis_459_src1a.fits unix% tg_create_mask Input event file or stack (acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits): Output region file or stack (acis_459_evt1_L1a.fits): Input table with zero order positions or stack (acis_459_src1a.fits): Observed grating type (header_value|HETG|HEG|MEG|LETG) (HETG|HEG|MEG|LETG|header_value|HEADER_VALUE) (header_value):
The region file, acis_459_evt1_L1a.fits, will be used to mask the event file. The regions may be viewed over the event file using ds9:
unix% ds9 acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits &
Overlay the region file: Region → Load Regions → acis_459_evt1_L1a.fits. Figure 1 shows the regions on the event file.
The contents of the parameter file may be checked using plist tg_create_mask.
3. Run tg_resolve_events
The tool tg_resolve_events is now used to assign grating events to spectral orders, using the detector energy resolution for order separation:
unix% punlearn tg_resolve_events unix% pset tg_resolve_events infile=acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits unix% pset tg_resolve_events outfile=acis_459_evt1a.fits unix% pset tg_resolve_events regionfile=acis_459_evt1_L1a.fits unix% pset tg_resolve_events acaofffile=@pcad_asol1.lis unix% tg_resolve_events Input event file or stack (acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits): Input region file or stack (acis_459_evt1_L1a.fits): Output event file or stack (acis_459_evt1a.fits): Input aspect offset file (@pcad_asol1.lis):
In many cases, there will be more than one aspect solution file (pcad_asol1.fits) for an observation. All the files must be input to the acaofffile parameter in chronological order (the time is in the filename, so "ls" lists them in order), either as a comma-separated list or as a stack. Here we use:
unix% cat pcad_asol1.lis pcadf063874624N003_asol1.fits
The contents of the parameter file may be checked using plist tg_resolve_events.
Generate a New Level=2 Event File
1. Apply grade/status filters (dmcopy)
Filter for bad grades and for a "clean" status column (i.e. all bits set to 0):
unix% punlearn dmcopy unix% dmcopy "acis_459_evt1a.fits[EVENTS][grade=0,2,3,4,6,status=0]" \ acis_459_flt1_evt1a.fits opt=all
2. Apply GTI filters (dmcopy)
The Good Time Intervals (GTIs) supplied by the pipeline now need to be applied. We simultaneously eliminate an unnecessary column from the output:
unix% punlearn dmcopy unix% dmcopy \ "acis_459_flt1_evt1a.fits[EVENTS][@acisf00459_000N003_flt1.fits][cols -phas]" \ acis_459_evt2.fits opt="" unix% dmappend \ "acis_459_flt1_evt1a.fits[region][subspace -time]" \ acis_459_evt2.fits
Be sure to include the @ symbol in the filter expression; the command will not be executed properly if it is omitted.
The opt="" parameter in dmcopy and the dmappend command are a workaround for the bug in time-filtering grating data.
Users at this stage may wish to apply other filters via additional dmcopy calls. For example, this would be the appropriate point to apply a time filter to the data.
Extract a Grating Spectrum (tgextract)
The CIAO tool tgextract produces a PHA2 spectrum file from the level=2 event file:
unix% punlearn tgextract unix% pset tgextract infile=acis_459_evt2.fits unix% pset tgextract outfile=acis_459_pha2.fits unix% tgextract Input event file (output event file from L1.5 processing) (acis_459_dstrk_evt2.fits): If typeII, enter full output file name or '.'; if typeI, enter output rootname (acis_459_pha2.fits): Input ancillary response file name (none): Input redistribution file name (none): Source ID's to process: 'all', comma list, @file (all): Grating parts to process: HETG, HEG, MEG, LETG, header_value (HETG|HEG|MEG|LETG|header_value) (header_value): Grating diffraction orders to process: 'default', comma list, range list, @file (default): Ouput file type: typeI (single spectrum) or typeII (multiple spectra) (pha_typeI|pha_typeII) (pha_typeII):
The contents of the parameter file may be checked using plist tgextract.
This thread is complete; the PHA2 grating spectrum file is named acis_459_pha2.fits. You should now proceed to the ACIS-S Grating RMFs thread.
In order to use Gaussian statistics to fit a model to a dataset, it is often necessary to "group" the data - i.e. combine channels until you have enough counts. Before fitting the data in Sherpa, read the Grouping a Grating Spectrum thread for more information.
Parameters for /home/username/cxcds_param/tgdetect.par ## ## TGDETECT -- Create filter; run celldetect; narrow down detected ## 'zero order' source list; set source id's; match ## sources to previous OBI source list. ## ## Note: if either "infile" or "OBI_srclist_file" are @lists, only ## the first item on the list is read in; this tool only works on ## one set of input files; if more than one file is listed, ## everything but the first are ignored. ## infile = acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits Input L1 event file OBI_srclist_file = NONE Input source position(s) file from previous OBI or NONE outfile = acis_459_src1a.fits Output source position(s) file name # # output file naming # (temproot = ) Path and root file name to be given to temporary files (keeptemp = no) Keep temporary files? (keepexit = no) Keep exit status file? # # # (zo_pos_x = default) Center GZO filter sky X position (default=pixel(ra_nom)) (zo_pos_y = default) Center GZO filter sky Y position (default=pixel(dec_nom)) (zo_sz_filt_x = default) Size of GZO filter in X pixels (ACIS=400; HRC=1800) (zo_sz_filt_y = default) Size of GZO filter in Y pixels (ACIS=400; HRC=1800) (snr_thresh = 40) SNR threshold to select the detected sources # # celldetect parameters # (expstk = none) list of exposure map files (thresh = )celldetect.thresh -> 3) celldetect source threshold (ellsigma = 3.0) Size of output source ellipses (in sigmas) (expratio = 0) cutoff ratio for source cell exposure variation (findpeaks = yes) find local peaks for celldetect (celldetect_log = )celldetect.log -> no) make a celldetect log file? (psftable = )celldetect.psftable -> /soft/ciao/data/psfsize20010416.fits) table of PSF size data, for celldetect (fixedcell = 15) celldetect fixed cell size to use (fixedcell_cc_mode = 15) celldetect fixed cell size to use for CC mode ACIS data (bkgfile = none) background file, for celldetect (bkgvalue = )celldetect.bkgvalue -> 0) background count/pixel, for celldetect (bkgerrvalue = )celldetect.bkgerrvalue -> 0) background error, for celldetect (eband = )celldetect.eband -> 1.4967) energy band, for celldetect (eenergy = )celldetect.eenergy -> 0.8) encircled energy of PSF, for celldetect (snrfile = none) celldetect snr output file (for convolution only) (convolve = )celldetect.convolve -> no) use convolutions for celldetect (xoffset = INDEF) celldetect offset of x axis from optical axis (yoffset = INDEF) celldetect offset of y axis from optical axis (cellfile = none) output cell size image file (centroid = yes) compute source centroids in celldetection? # # tgidselectsrc parameters # (snr_ratio_limit = )tgidselectsrc.snr_ratio_limit -> 1) Value of SNR ratio to use as lower limit (setsrcid = )tgidselectsrc.setsrcid -> yes) Set src ids in output file? # # tgmatchsrc parameters # (max_separation = )tgmatchsrc.max_separation -> 3) Maximum allowed separation (arcsec) for sources to match # # (clobber = no) OK to overwrite existing output file(s)? (verbose = 0) Verbosity level (0 = no display) (mode = ql)
Parameters for /home/username/cxcds_param/tg_create_mask.par ## ## TG_CREATE_MASK -- Calculates the mask regions of the grating arms ## for AXAF flight L1 grating data files. The output is a region ## file(s) in sky coordinates. ## infile = acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits Input event file or stack outfile = acis_459_evt1_L1a.fits Output region file or stack input_pos_tab = acis_459_src1a.fits Input table with zero order positions or stack grating_obs = header_value Observed grating type (header_value|HETG|HEG|MEG|LETG) sA_zero_x = 1 Source A - x position of zero order sA_zero_y = 1 Source A - y position of zero order sB_zero_x = 1 Source B - x position of zero order sB_zero_y = 1 Source B - y position of zero order sC_zero_x = 1 Source C - x position of zero order sC_zero_y = 1 Source C - y position of zero order sD_zero_x = 1 Source D - x position of zero order sD_zero_y = 1 Source D - y position of zero order sE_zero_x = 1 Source E - x position of zero order sE_zero_y = 1 Source E - y position of zero order sF_zero_x = 1 Source F - x position of zero order sF_zero_y = 1 Source F - y position of zero order sG_zero_x = 1 Source G - x position of zero order sG_zero_y = 1 Source G - y position of zero order sH_zero_x = 1 Source H - x position of zero order sH_zero_y = 1 Source H - y position of zero order sI_zero_x = 1 Source I - x position of zero order sI_zero_y = 1 Source I - y position of zero order sJ_zero_x = 1 Source J - x position of zero order sJ_zero_y = 1 Source J - y position of zero order (input_psf_tab = CALDB) Calibration file with mirror psf vs off-axis angle (detector = header_value) Detector type: ACIS | HRC-I | HRC-S | header_value (radius_factor_zero = 50) A scale factor which multiplies the app. calculation of the one-sigma (width_factor_hetg = 35) A scale factor which multiplies the one-sigma width of the heg/meg mas (width_factor_letg = 40) A scale factor which multiplies the one-sigma width of the letg mask i (r_astig_max_hetg = 0.5600000000000001) Max grating r coord (deg, along the dispersion) for HETG astigmatism (r_astig_max_letg = 1.1) Max grating r coord (deg, along the dispersion) for LETG astigmatism calc (r_mask_max_hetg = 0.992) Max grating r coord (deg) for HETG mask (to support offset pointing) (r_mask_max_letg = 2.1) Max grating r coordinate (deg) for LETG mask (to support offset pointing) # -------------------------------------------------------------------------- # The parameters below are to be set ONLY if the user wants to use their # own grating mask sizes instead of having the masks automatically generated. # Only ONE input file, with up to 10 soures, can be processed using the user # params. @ lists of multiple files can only be done with automated mask # processing, or by running each file individually with hand set mask sizes. # To start, you MUST set the following parameters: # # > pset tg_create_mask use_user_pars=yes last_source_toread=[letter A -> J] # # The parameter last_source_toread should be set to the last source letter # for which you will enter parameters. If you want to input 2 sources # (regardless of their source id's), the last_source_toread=B. Sections # A -> J are for (upto) 10 user specified sources. In each sections, # each source must have an ID, a zero order center position specified, # as well as the grating mask width(s). An example with 2 HETG sources, # with src_id's 6 and 3: # # > pset tg_create_mask use_user_pars=yes last_source_toread=B # > pset tg_create_mask sA_id=6 sA_zero_x=4762.34 sA_zero_y=2344.29 # > pset tg_create_mask sA_zero_rad=35 sA_width_heg=25 sA_width_meg=28 # > pset tg_create_mask sB_id=3 sB_zero_x=4063.54 sB_zero_y=6346.62 # > pset tg_create_mask sB_zero_rad=45 sB_width_heg=50 sB_width_meg=75 # (units are all in sky pixels) # # NOTE: for Continuous Clocking data (CC mode), the HETG mask does not # require the s#_width_heg, since the meg mask will encompase the entire # data set. HEG event processing in CC mode is done using the next # tool tg_resolve_events. # -------------------------------------------------------------------------- (use_user_pars = no) Use the user defined mask parameters below: yes or no? (last_source_toread = A) Last source name to be read; character A->J. # -------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Source A parameters # -------------------------------------------------------------------------- (sA_id = 1) Source A - source id number (sA_zero_rad = ) Source A - radius of zero order mask (sA_width_heg = ) Source A - width of heg mask in sky pixels (sA_width_meg = ) Source A - width of meg mask in sky pixels (sA_width_leg = ) Source A - width of leg mask in sky pixels # -------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Source B parameters # -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ..(through Source J).. (geompar = geom) Parameter file for Pixlib Geometry files (verbose = 0) Verbose level: 0 - no output, 5 - max verbosity (clobber = no) Clobber existing outfile? (mode = ql)
Parameters for /home/username/cxcds_param/tg_resolve_events.par #-------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # tg_resolve_events.par: Parameter file for the tg_resolve_events program # #-------------------------------------------------------------------------- infile = acisf00459_000N003_evt1.fits Input event file or stack outfile = acis_459_evt1a.fits Output event file or stack regionfile = acis_459_evt1_L1a.fits Input region file or stack acaofffile = @pcad_asol1.lis Input aspect offset file (alignmentfile = )acaofffile -> @pcad_asol1.lis) Input sim offset file (logfile = stdout) Output log (NONE|<filename>|stdout) # The osipfile contains position dependent energy limits based on # the CCD resolution, used for order-sorting. # A value of "NONE" means that the file will not be used, and # that the parameters, osort_hi and osort_lo will be used. (osipfile = CALDB) Lookup table for order resolving (for acis data only) #sort_hi, osort_lo specify fractional deviations from the integer #order which will be included in order-sorting via CCD ENERGY values (PHA). #eg. osort_lo-0.3, osort_hi=0.2 means that photons with real-valued #orders between 0.7 < order <= 1.2 will be included in first order, #1.7 < order <= 2.2 will be second order, etc. (osort_lo = 0.3) Order-sorting lower bound fraction; order > m - osort_lo (osort_hi = 0.3) Order-sorting high bound fraction; order <= m + osort_hi (grating_obs = header_value) Observed grating type (header_value|HETG|HEG|MEG|LETG) (detector = header_value) Detector type: ACIS | HRC-I | HRC-S | header_value (energy_lo_adj = 1.0) Lower Energy limit factor (energy_hi_adj = 1.0) Upper Energy limit factor (time_offset = 0) Offset to add to event time to synch w/ alignment data (rand_seed = 1) Random seed (for pixlib), 0 = use time dependent seed (rand_pix_size = 0.0) pixel randomization width (-size..+size), 0.0 = no randomization (eventdef = )stdlev1_ACIS ->{d:time,i:expno,f:rd,s:chip,s:tdet,f:det,f:sky,s:ccd_id,l:pha,s:pi,f:energy, s:grade,s:fltgrade,s:node_id,s:tg_m,f:tg_lam,f:tg_mlam,s:tg_srcid,s:tg_part,s:tg_smap,x:status}) Output format definition (stdlev1 = )eventdef ->{d:time,i:expno,f:rd,s:chip,s:tdet,f:det,f:sky,s:ccd_id,l:pha,s:pi,f:energy, s:grade,s:fltgrade,s:node_id,s:tg_m,f:tg_lam,f:tg_mlam,s:tg_srcid,s:tg_part,s:tg_smap,x:status}) (stdlev1_ACIS = {d:time,i:expno,f:rd,s:chip,s:tdet,f:det,f:sky,s:ccd_id,l:pha,s:pi,f:energy,s:grade, s:fltgrade,s:node_id,s:tg_m,f:tg_lam,f:tg_mlam,s:tg_srcid,s:tg_part,s:tg_smap,x:status}) ACIS event format definition string (stdlev1_HRC = {d:time,f:rd,s:chip,l:tdet,f:det,f:sky,s:chip_id,s:pha,s:pi,s:tg_m,f:tg_lam,f:tg_mlam, s:tg_srcid,s:tg_part,s:tg_smap,x:status}) HRC event format definition string # -------------------------------------------------------------------------- (geompar = geom) Parameter file for Pixlib Geometry files (verbose = 0) Verbosity level of detail (0=none, 5=most) (clobber = no) Clobber outfile if it already exists? (mode = ql)
Parameters for /home/username/cxcds_param/tgextract.par ## ## TGEXTRACT -- create 1D spectrum(a) table file(s) from the ## L1.5 output event list ## infile = acis_459_evt2.fits Input event file (output event file from L1.5 processing) outfile = acis_459_pha2.fits If typeII, enter full output file name or '.'; if typeI, enter output rootname # # tg_srcid_list parameter explanation... # - "all" will process all the sources id's found in the event list # - a comma list is a comma separated string list of all the # sources to process, ie: # "1,2,5,7" # - @file is a pointer to an ascii file which contains a comma # separated list of the id's to process # tg_srcid_list = all Source ID's to process: 'all', comma list, @file tg_part_list = header_value Grating parts to process: HETG, HEG, MEG, LETG, header_value # # tg_order_list parameter explanation... # - "default" is set to process the following: # if ACIS: 1, 2, 3, -1, -2, -3 # if HRC: -1, 1 # - a comma list is a comma separated string list of the orders # the user wants to process, ie: # "-5, -1, 1, 3" # - a range list sets the min and max of the orders to process; # all the orders in between, will be processed, ie: # "-1..5" will do orders from -1 to +5th order # a range list can be mixed with comma separated list # - @file is a pointer to an ascii file which contains a comma # separated list and/or range list of the orders to process # tg_order_list = default Grating diffraction orders to process: 'default', comma list, range list, @file ancrfile = none Input ancillary response file name respfile = none Input redistribution file name outfile_type = pha_typeII Ouput file type: typeI (single spectrum) or typeII (multiple spectra) (inregion_file = none) Input region file. (backfile = none) Input background file name (rowid = ) If rowid column is to be filled in, enter name here (bin_units = angstrom) Bin units (for bin parameters below): angstrom, eV, keV (min_bin_leg = compute) Minimum dispersion coordinate for LEG, or 'compute' (max_bin_leg = compute) Maximum dispersion coordinate for LEG, or 'compute' (bin_size_leg = compute) Bin size for binning LEG spectra, or 'compute' (num_bins_leg = compute) Number of bins for the output LEG spectra, 'compute' (min_bin_meg = compute) Minimum dispersion coordinate for MEG, or 'compute' (max_bin_meg = compute) Maximum dispersion coordinate for MEG, or 'compute' (bin_size_meg = compute) Bin size for binning MEG spectra, or 'compute' (num_bins_meg = compute) Number of bins for the output MEG spectra, or 'compute' (min_bin_heg = compute) Minimum dispersion coordinate for HEG, or 'compute' (max_bin_heg = compute) Maximum dispersion coordinate for HEG, or 'compute' (bin_size_heg = compute) Bin size for binning HEG spectra, or 'compute' (num_bins_heg = compute) Number of bins for the output HEG spectra, 'compute' (min_tg_d = default) Minimum tg_d range to include in histogram, or use 'default' (max_tg_d = default) Maximum tg_d range to include in histogram, or use 'default' (extract_background = yes) Extract the local background spectrum? (min_upbkg_tg_d = default) Minimum value of tg_d for the background up spectrum. (max_upbkg_tg_d = default) Maximum value of tg_d for the background up spectrum. (min_downbkg_tg_d = default) Minimum value of tg_d for the background down spectrum. (max_downbkg_tg_d = default) Maximum value of tg_d for the background down spectrum. (geompar = geom) Parameter file for Pixlib Geometry files (clobber = no) OK to overwrite existing output file(s)? (verbose = 0) Verbosity level (0 = no display) (mode = ql)
16 Dec 2004 | updated for CIAO 3.2: minor changes to parameter files |
14 Jan 2005 | created the Data Preparation section |
05 Dec 2005 | updated for CIAO 3.3: output filenames include ObsID; parameter file changes (kernel parameter removed from all "tg" tools; several changes to the destreak parameter file, including a new default value for the mask parameter) |
05 Jan 2006 | information on reprocessing included in Data Preparation section |
04 Apr 2006 | expanded information on special cases in the Get position of zero-order image (tgdetect) section |
18 Dec 2006 | updated for CIAO 3.4: new calibration files in CALDB 3.3.0; change to wording of tgdetect/dmcopy warning |
11 Jan 2008 | updated for CIAO 4.0: ds9 now automatically looks for the "[REGION]" or "[SRCLIST]" extension in the region file, so it doesn't have to be specified; removed outdated calibration updates; check if data have gone through Reprocessing III |
21 Jan 2009 | updated for CIAO 4.1: image converted to inline; tg_resolve_events no longer prints the "dsTREUNKNOWNINCOLERR -- WARNING: Not loading data from unrecognized level 1.5 input column." message, as it does not affect data analysis; input data must have a CTI_APP keyword |
19 Feb 2009 | added grouping information to the Summary |
13 Mar 2009 | added more information to the Data Preparation section; note on other filtering added to end of Generate a New Level=2 Event File section; note added to to run destreak section that this step may be considered optional for gratings |
16 Jun 2009 | added About the Chandra Grating Data Archive and Catalog section |
14 Jan 2009 | updated for CIAO 4.2: ObsID 459 file versions |
12 Jan 2011 | reviewed for CIAO 4.3: no changes |
25 Feb 2011 | the 25 Feb release of the chandra_repro reprocessing script supports data processing for ACIS and HRC grating data |
25 Mar 2011 | added workaround for GTI filtering bug to the Apply GTI filter section |
06 Jan 2012 | reviewed for CIAO 4.4: the destreak tool is now run in the reprocessing thread |
03 Dec 2012 | Review for CIAO 4.5; added pointer to tg_findzo thread |
14 Jan 2013 | Removed link to repro-3 |
24 Apr 2013 | Updated the chandra_repro section to make it clear the it does all the steps in this thread and that responses are now also created. |


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Guide to Google AdWords Language & Location Settings
This is the second post in our series on Google AdWords campaign settings. In the first installment, we talked about how to name and organize your Google AdWords campaigns. In this post we'll focus on locations and languages settings within the AdWords settings tab.Google AdWords Location SettingsAfter you name your campaign the first big choice you're presented with is what location or locations to target:You can use one of the defaults, or choose a specific region.
For this you can also use the map function and target either a specific location or locations, or a radius.In our guide to geo-targeting with AdWords, we talk about a two-pronged approach to targeting a specific region with a cohesive location and keyword targeting strategy (note: the actual functionality has changed since... > Read more
Win of the Week: Are You Showing or Telling?
Take a look at the two ads below. Imagine your current business logo is feeling a bit dated. Or imagine you've started a new company and you want a sharp logo to represent your new business. So you start looking for a logo designer. Which ad do you click on? PPC Ad #1PPC Ad #2 Notice that the ads have much in common.
The title text is identical. The URLs are almost identical. The primary difference between the two ads is found in the body copy. Which ad do you think generated more than twice as many clicks?Made your decision?The winning ad is ad number one. It was written by BoostCTR writer "cartmetrix," and it increased CTR by 111%. Where the original ad was getting 1 click, the new ad is getting 2.1 clicks, more than DOUBLE the original ad's performance.So why did the new ad wi... > Read more
The GoMo Initiative: Tips for Creating Mobile-Friendly PPC Campaigns
It should be no surprise by now that people are using smartphones to perform web searches. Is your website mobile-friendly?Here are some things to consider if it isn't. Seventy percent of mobile users have compared product prices on their cell phones, 65% read product reviews on their phones and half of all mobile searches lead to a purchase.
That may seem like a big number – but think about how many times you've searched for a place to eat, checked out a few menus and made your decision. It happens all the time. As of January this year, it's estimated that Google serves between 6-8 billion mobile searches per month, meaning that at least 3 billion purchases are made because of a mobile search.Maybe you have an app available on the App Store or Android Market? That's great, but d... > Read more
6 Reasons Why December is the Most Wonderful Time to Buy a New Software Solution!
Have you been planning all year on finding a new PPC software solution for your business—but keep putting it off? While procrastination rarely brings anything other than stressful all-nighters and last-minute gift expeditions to the 24-hour CVS, you might be in luck this time—December is a great time to spend that last bit of unused budget on a new PPC software solution!After reading Jason Miller's great article at Marketo, I thought that we'd also take a minute to remind folks about why this is a great time of the year to purchase new software for your PPC campaigns.
So break out the hot cocoa, hang those stockings by the fire, and get yourself a shiny new software solution to put under the tree this year.We've got 6 fabulous justifications for investing in PPC software before... > Read more
AdWords Experts Share the Secrets of Their PPC Success, Part 11
Google AdWords Campaign Best Practices: How to Name & Organize Campaigns
This is the first post in our series on the GoogleAdWords settings tab, where we'll be looking at various options and best practices surrounding settings within your AdWords campaigns.In this post we'll be focused on the general idea of what you actually designate as a campaign, and how you settle on a naming convention.
For a lot of first time advertisers this seems pretty straightforward, but there are actually a lot of considerations that go into making a sound decision about how to organize your campaigns and even how to name them so that as your account grows your campaign structure can easily scale with it.Creating an AdWords Campaign Structure: What Do You Need Categories For?In thinking about your AdWords campaigns you want to consider: what actually deserves its own campaign? ... > Read more
Google Automatically Migrates Campaigns to Optimize for Conversions
In case you missed Google's announcement yesterday, beginning in February they will begin migrating campaigns that are utilizing either the "Conversion Optimizer" or "Enhanced CPC" options to the "Optimize for Conversions" ad rotation option. According to their results making this change can result in a 5% increase in conversions.
Now I have nothing against Google researching ways to increase performance for their advertisers, in fact I support it. It's good business on Google's part to help their advertisers succeed and I think they should continue to research best practices and actively produce educational materials. But that's where yesterday's announcement crosses a line for me, because Google is actively reaching into advertisers' accounts and altering how they ... > Read more
Web Marketing Roundup: 4 Things I Learned This Week
1. People Like Being LabeledOr, to be more specific, people like being included in a group, and you can use that psychology to persuade them toward action. In a great article on KISSmetrics, Gregory Ciotti applies the results of five consumer psychology studies to the science of conversion optimization.
Gregory recounts one of these studies like so:After being interviewed in regards to their voting patterns, half of the volunteers were told that they were likely to vote since they had been deemed more politically active, and the other half was not.The results?On election day, the group that was told they were more likely to vote had a 15% higher turnout than the control group (despite the fact that people were randomly told they were more likely to vote, and not told based on th... > Read more
PPC Budgeting Best Practices for 2012, Part 2
We just released a new, free white paper for search engine marketers: "PPC Budgeting Best Practices: 10 Tips for Setting Your 2012 Budget." You can read Part 1, which includes the introduction and the first tip, in yesterday's post. Below you'll find tips 2-5.2. Base Your Budget on ProfitabilityThis tip seems pretty straightforward, but with all of the nuts and bolts and minutiae that go into running successful PPC campaigns, managers sometimes forget to focus on the most important metric: profitability.
As with all things PPC and marketing in general, remember to base your decisions on profitability and the way your business actually runs. Areas of your account that are more profitable should get more attention and more of your budget.3. Don't Arbitrarily Cap Profitable SpendIf your cam... > Read more
PPC Budgeting Best Practices for 2012: New (Free) Guide!
We just released a new, free white paper for search engine marketers: "PPC Budgeting Best Practices: 10 Tips for Setting Your 2012 Budget." You can read the introduction and the first tip below. Click here to download the full guide.PPC Budgeting Best Practices: 10 Tips for Setting Your 2012 BudgetAs the end of the year approaches, it's time to start setting budgets for your various marketing channels in 2012.
If you're relatively new to pay-per-click (PPC) marketing, you'll probably find that budgeting for this channel can be a challenge.Setting budgets for your PPC campaigns is complicated, but it doesn't have to be difficult. In this paper, we'll walk through ten best practices to help you get the most from your PPC budgets in 2012.1. Getting Started: How to Determine Your Ini... > Read more
WordStream Featured in USA Today: Search Engine Marketing for Small Business
In today's print issue of USA Today, Byron Acohido reports on the trend of big search engine platforms (Google AdWords, Microsoft AdCenter, etc.), whose bottom lines depend on selling ads linked to search results — they are pouring millions of dollars into initiatives to help small and medium-sized advertisers (SMBs) make the leap to pay-per-click (PPC) advertising.
In the article, I argue that it's all too common for small advertisers to waste money on poorly executed campaigns.Typically, they don't re-evaluate and optimize their campaigns, and therefore miss out on the opportunity to leverage a powerful marketing channel to grow their business.Read the full article, "Big search companies woo small businesses," in USA Today! ... > Read more
AdWords Experts Share the Secrets of Their PPC Success, Part 10
Google AdWords Settings: The Ultimate Guide to the AdWords Settings Tab
Over the past few months we've been walking through several areas within the AdWords interface in great depth. We started with Google AdWords Ad Extensions and most recently wrapped up a series of posts on Google AdWords Reporting with the Dimensions Tab. This will be the first in a series of posts about AdWords campaign settings:As with each of these series, the main objective here is to help AdWords advertisers better navigate the increasingly confusing AdWords interface, and also to be able to help impart best practices for setting up your AdWords campaigns.
If you can't wait for the individual posts in the series and want a quick AdWords campaign audit as to whether you're adhering to best practices within your AdWords campaign, WordStream has a free performance grader which... > Read more
The 9 Steps to a Better Conversion Rate [Infographic]
The folks at KISSmetrics and Conversion Rate Experts have put together an infographic that lays out a nine-step process to improving conversion rates. (Spoiler Alert: It's more of a document than an infographic per se, so put on your reading glasses.) At a high level, here are the steps:Determine your strategy and goalsAnalyze existing traffic sourcesAnalyze your visitors (especially those that don't convert)Study your marketplaceIdentify your most persuasive assetsDevelop strategic experimentsDesign pages to testRun your A/B testsApply your winning elementsClick the image below to view the larger version.
... > Read more
Is Nothing Sacred? Now Even Ads Are Social
SEOmoz this week reported on a new AdWords extension – and surprise, surprise! It's a social extension!Seems like almost everything Google does these days is a subtle or not-so-subtle push for Google+, and this update is no exception.As you'd know if you read our Ultimate Guide to Google AdWords Ad Extensions, extensions are ways to make your ads bigger and give searchers more opportunities and incentives to click or reach you by including extra site links, product images, phone numbers and more.
When enabled, the new social extension shows searchers "how many people across the web have +1'd the landing page or the Google+ Business Page." As Mozzer JustinV explains, there are two flavors of social extension, personal and basic:The personal extension shows how many people in the s... > Read more
Google AdWords Call Tracking Reporting: The Call Details Report in the Dimensions Tab
This is the last post in a series on Google AdWords reporting from the dimensions tab. In previous posts we've covered:Google AdWords Dayparting – The AdWords Dimensions Time Tab ReportGoogle AdWords Conversion Reporting via the Dimensions TabGoogle AdWords Destination URL ReportGoogle AdWords Demographic ReportingGoogle AdWords Geographic ReportGoogle AdWords Search Term ReportGoogle AdWords Free Clicks ReportIn this post, we'll be walking through the call details report in the AdWords dimensions tab.
What Is the AdWords Call Detail Report?The Google AdWords call detail report offers data around AdWords-enabled call tracking via call metrics or AdWords call extensions.In general call extensions from AdWords leverage Google Voice to allow you to track not just activity on your site (v... > Read more
Win of the Week: Simple Tweaks Boost CTR by Triple Digits
Take a look at the two ads below. Imagine your once-fast PC has become painfully slow. You keep getting warnings that say your virtual memory is low. So you go to Google and type in "increase virtual memory." Which ad do you click on? PPC Ad #1PPC Ad #2 Notice that the ads have much in common.
The only differences are in the title text and the first line of body copy. Yet one of these ads outperformed the other by a large margin. Which ad do you think generated more than twice as many clicks?Made your decision?The winning ad is ad number two. It was written by BoostCTR writer "wordisborn," and it increased CTR by 150%. Where the original ad was getting 1 click, the new ad is getting 2.5 clicks, more than DOUBLE the original ad's performance.So why did the new ad win? And why did ... > Read more
Best of the Month: WordStream's Top 10 of November
Holy moly, guys. Another year, come and gone. I mean December basically doesn't count; it's basically already over, Christmas happened, and you're all making hungover resolutions. Am I right?This time next month, I'll be bringing you our best of 2011. But for now we'll stick to the past 30 days.
Here are our top ten slammingest blog posts of the month:How Does the AdWords Auction Work? – Our latest infographic, a visual explanation of Google AdWords, was a big hit. If it you missed it the first time around, check it out.Small Business Saturday 2011: Tips and Tricks to Make the Most of November 26th – Black Friday, Small Business Saturday and Cyber Monday have come and gone, but Meg's marketing tips for SMBs are worthwhile year-round.Our Top SEO Link Building Posts of ... > Read more
AdWords Experts Share the Secrets of Their PPC Success, Part 9
Free Clicks? The Google AdWords Free Clicks Report in the Dimensions Tab
This is the latest post in a series on Google AdWords reporting from the dimensions tab. In previous posts we've covered:Google AdWords Dayparting – The AdWords Dimensions Time Tab ReportGoogle AdWords Conversion Reporting via the Dimensions TabGoogle AdWords Destination URL ReportGoogle AdWords Demographic ReportingGoogle AdWords Geographic ReportGoogle AdWords Search Term ReportIn this post, we'll be walking through the free click report in the AdWords dimensions tab.
What Are "Free Clicks" According to AdWords?First we need to determine what Google is defining as "free clicks." The free clicks report provides you with data about how people interact with different components of your ad, and about actions they take. It's important to note that these "free clicks" aren't all c... > Read more
Using Excel for Google PPC: Fun Stuff and Hard Stuff
If you own a small company and use or are considering using Google pay-per-click (AdWords) for your goods and services, this article is meant for you. I'm including two practical Excel techniques in this article: How to write Google PPC ads using Excel.How to estimate profit/loss for a Google PPC campaign.
Fun Stuff – Writing Google PPC Ads with ExcelFirst the fun stuff. Seven years ago when I ran my one and only Google PPC campaign (a profitable one), I really didn't enjoy writing Google pay-per-click ads. I hated counting the letters in the ads to meet Google's criteria.Ad line #1: 25 characters.Ad line #2: 35 characters.Ad line #3: 35 characters.I wrote the ads on scraps of paper when I had creative flashes. Naturally I lost some of the slips of paper and started using ... > Read more
AdWords Experts Share the Secrets of Their PPC Success, Part 8
Automatic Placement Report: How to Report on Automatic Placements in the AdWords Dimensions Tab
This is the latest post in an ongoing series on AdWords reporting in the AdWords dimensions tab. In previous installments of the series we've covered:Google AdWords Dayparting – The AdWords Dimensions Time Tab ReportGoogle AdWords Conversion Reporting via the Dimensions TabGoogle AdWords Destination URL ReportGoogle AdWords Demographic ReportingGoogle AdWords Geographic ReportGoogle AdWords Search Term ReportAnd in this, the seventh post in the series, we'll be focusing on the automatic placement report in the AdWords dimensions tab:What Is the Automatic Placement Report and Why Is It Important?The placement report is similar to the search query report in that placements are the targeting lever you use on the content network to determine where your ads will show.
This report is also ... > Read more
What Do Adult Sexual Services Have to Do with AdWords?
A couple of days ago our fearless head of marketing, Laura, noticed an odd result in the Google SERPs – the sponsored results for the query "adwords services" were pretty run of the mill, but the first organic result was a bit shocking:I tried the same search on my own machine and got the same result.
What the hell?At first when you see "Adult sexual services" you think someone has successfully spammed the results with white text on a white background or some such old-school black-hattery. But this result is from the official AdWords domain! The page is from the Legal section of the AdWords Policy Center ("Requirements for advertising with Google AdWords"). "Adult sexual services" is from a list of "Restricted Products and Services" that also includes abortion, endang... > Read more
The AdWords Search Query Report: How to Get the Most Out of the Search Term Report
Over the last couple of weeks we've been walking through the Google AdWords dimensions tab with a series of posts highlighting each of the reports you can find within the still relatively new AdWords dimensions reporting suite. The first five posts in the series covered:Google AdWords Dayparting – The AdWords Dimensions Time Tab ReportGoogle AdWords Conversion Reporting via the Dimensions TabGoogle AdWords Destination URL ReportGoogle AdWords Demographic ReportingGoogle AdWords Geographic ReportIn this installment, we'll be focusing on the search terms report in the dimensions tab:What Is the Search Terms Report? Why Is It Important?The search terms report is similar to the search query reports you used to find in the AdWords reporting center in the old Google AdWords interface.
Sear... > Read more
Win of the Week: Keywords vs. Mental Imagery, Science vs. Emotion
Take a look at the two ads below. Imagine you're a middle-aged man or woman who's interested in sharpening your memory and increasing your brain power. You go to Google and type in "brain games." Which ad do you click on?PPC Ad #1PPC Ad #2Of course, the ad YOU click on may not be the same ad the majority of people click on.
So perhaps a better question is: Which ad do you think would generate almost twice as many clicks?And THAT is not an easy question to answer. On the one hand, you've got a matter-of-fact keyword-rich ad. On the other, you've got an ad using mental imagery and emotion. Two distinctly different approaches.Alright, made your decision?The winning ad is ad number two. It was written by BoostCTR writer "Cult Classic," and it increased CTR by 95%. Where the original ad was get... > Read more
How Does the AdWords Auction Work? [Infographic]
If you work in the search marketing industry, you may have found yourself having a conversation somewhat like this one (the same conversation I have every time I tell a "regular person" what I do):Regular Person: So, what do you do?Me: I work as a writer for a software startup.Regular Person: What kind of software?Me: Um, search marketing software?Regular Person: So .
.. like Google?Me: Well, yeah, sort of. We make software that helps people advertise on Google.If this regular person is curious enough to know more (rare), I usually find it helpful to explain that Google advertising functions similarly to an auction. In the off chance that they tell me advertising on Google does not work, I tell them that our whole company exists because it does work.how does google adwords work?Since there ... > Read more
AdWords Experts Share the Secrets of Their PPC Success, Part 7
Our Top SEO Link Building Posts of All Time!
If there's one thing I've learned from looking at our analytics over the years since we launched this blog, it's that People. Love. Link building. Articles about link building consistently drive the most traffic over time. Why? It's not the only thing that matters for SEO – you also need great title tags, strong information architecture, etc.
, etc. Those posts do pretty well too, but there's not as much to say about them.My theory is that link building is more like a game, and I bet a lot of SEOs grew up as gamers. SEO link building isn't just a matter of learning a few basic best practices and applying them. There will always be new ways to score links, and getting a great link is a triumph for an SEO. It's like a new top score on Donkey Kong.Are you the King of Kong?Since... > Read more
It's Friday: Nothin' But Roundup
This weird owl turned up when I searched Flickr for "Friday." Let's just go with it.Google and Other Forms of Corporate EvilEric Schmidt Is Right: Google's Glory Days Are Numbered – At TechCrunch, Dan Kaplan quotes from Eric Schmidt's letter to the Senate Subcommittee on Antitrust, Competition Policy, and Consumer Rights ("History shows that popular technology is often supplanted by entirely new models") and explains why Google is headed for a downfall.
Google Freshness Update: The Real Winners & Losers – Google recently announced a new update that delivers "fresher" results for about 35% of queries. Patrick Altolft thinks will be bad for brands, whose own properties will get pushed below random news and reviews.Google May Penalize Your Site for Having Too Man... > Read more


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He was a graduate of Marshall, Texas High School. Right after high school Loren went into the United States Air Force; by 1948 he had reached rank of Sergeant and received his honorable discharge in 1949. After serving his country, Loren went to the Business College in Salina, where he received his degree in accounting.
Loren worked as an accountant for several years, doing taxes for people in the Toronto, Fredonia, and Chanute area. Loren enjoyed playing golf and bowling. He was a member of the American Legion Post 325 in Toronto.
Including several friends, Loren is survived by daughters, Suzanne Campbell, Hammond, La., Jackie Campbell, Pittsburg, Sarah Jane Campbell, Coffeyville; a son, Loren Campbell, Jr., Wichita; a sister,
Donna Price, Shreveport, La.; three grandchildren and one great-grandchild.
Loren was preceded in death by his parents.
Funeral will be 1 p.m. today, Feb. 10 at Countryside Funeral in Fredonia with Pastor John Petty officiating. Due to the weather, burial will be private and held at a later date. Memorials have been suggested to either the American Diabetes Association and may be left with the funeral home. Online condolences may be left at: www.countrysidefh.com. Services have been entrusted to: Countryside Funeral Home 420 S. 20th St., P.O. Box 247, Fredonia, KS 66736s


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I was recently struck by a comment made by a seemingly nice guy during a random encounter we shared at a local store. The guy went out of his way to hold the door open for me and waited patiently for me to pass through it. When I did, I said jokingly, "Well, I guess chivalry isn't dead!" His reply? "Nope, it's not dead, just real tired, ma'am."
I laughed because I thought it was a witty response, but it wasn't until later I realized just how profound his statement was. Seriously, how many women, me included, have sighed and proclaimed chivalry is dead while at lunch with a girlfriend?
- "He was such a jerk," we say of Steve, our most recent dating faux pas.
- "Where have all the nice guys gone?" we whine over wine.
- "There's that guy from the gym always chatting me up, but ugh, he's too nice."
What is chivalry?
Ironically, as we continue to search for our proverbial knight in shining armor, many of us have become jaded in matters of the heart. In the process of looking for what we envision as the perfect guy, we have completely lost sight of what chivalry is and what a real knight looks like — not a lackluster substitute.
Chivalry is defined as "the sum ideal qualifications of a knight, including courtesy, generosity and valor." This idea was developed in the 12th century. Basically, it encouraged honorable behavior between knights and proposed a system of courting ladies to gain their hearts.
In short, chivalry is a beautiful code of conduct written for dating, designed by royalty, and it is a model we modern women are wise to follow. This is where the concept of a knight in shining armor began!
"Next time a guy opens a door
for you, take a second look."
"He's just trying to get in my pants."
Many of us have become convinced courtesy and good manners are reason for alarm. Think about it. When a man does something nice for you, do you become suspicious of his motives?
The last time you were on the receiving end of a sincere act of chivalry, did you minimize it as some conniving plot to get in your pants? Have you ever completely ignored some random act of kindness because the guy didn't dress the way you wished he would? Gasp!
Or, dare I say, when a man is kind to you, do you puff up with righteous indignation because, after all, you are a woman of the millennium and can open your own door!
"He's too nice."
I can't speak for every woman out there, but I would suffice to say most single women want to be swept off their feet by some strong, strapping hunk. But it's time to set the bar a little higher and demand better for yourself.
When the man at the store suggested chivalry was tired, I felt real compassion for the guy and for chivalry itself. He was relatively plain in appearance, shy and unsure of himself — qualities that scream "Eww!" to the ladies.
Nonetheless, I walked away thinking he was probably a great guy with a lot to offer a woman, a guy who has opened thousands of doors hoping one, just one, would take notice of him.
The saying "Nice guys finish last" rings true when you think of all the good guys out there who really want to find a woman to be nice to, only to be told they are too nice. How frustrating!
Bad Boy Syndrome.
Women have battled Bad Boy Syndrome so long that we no longer recognize a good man when we see one. Ladies, men worth going gaga over (I mean lifelong gaga, not fleeting, sexual gaga) will have certain mannerisms and practices that may at first seem strange, considering all the jerks you've been with.
For instance, he will be kind, gentle and self assured, without being arrogant or crude. He will be polite and generous, and he will make you feel safe. Chivalrous men do what they say they are going to do, like call when they say they will.
They pay for your dinner and movie and are happy to do it. Men with class will want to open doors for you, introduce you to his friends and family and show you off. He will be interested in getting to know you and will respect your boundaries. A chivalrous man is a keeper!
I will be the first to admit I am actually quite cynical when it comes to relationships, but I do not believe chivalry is dead. I believe women should expect chivalry from every potential suitor and never settle for less than the best. I still believe most men are genuinely good at heart and actually want to find a princess to spoil.
So, the next time a guy opens a door for you, take a second look. Your knight just might show up in the strangest of places in desperate need of nothing more than a good shine.