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What do you call a cat who's fearless, derpy, and easily mistaken for a giant cotton ball drifting across the floor?
(Don't worry, we do finally have a name - keep scrolling.)
It's amazing that they're only a month apart in age, but Eva already looks like a full-grown cat compared to this walking floof-tangle.
We keep narrowing down names and trying them out for a few days, but everything seems a little too majestic for a fuzzy marshmallow with spatial recognition issues:
She's still in her 'running-headlong-into-furniture' and 'easily distracted by ceiling fans' phase.
At least, we hope it's a phase.
(That face. Omigosh.)

subset: commoncrawl


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I Don't Have To Wait Until I Die. Please read and support this amazing cause. Children no matter what their set backs all deserve safe places to play.
I am begging you to read Pia's blog and if you can help support a very worthwhile cause of a play centre for Autistic Children.
If we all reach out to those we know we can create miracles!


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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8238382886103256219.post1402417210821165689..comments2018-06-05T03:34:50.854-07:00Comments on The Friends of Jake: The party of insanityDavidhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8238382886103256219.post-58010490485897187132012-05-05T09:31:10.133-07:002012-05-05T09:31:10.133-07:00Trying to split the difference with people who nev...Trying to split the difference with people who never meet you halfway always ends up advancing their agenda.

This equally applies to the current pope's and his administration's take on ecuminism!Brother Davidhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8238382886103256219.post-62750946815301254982012-05-05T09:03:30.541-07:002012-05-05T09:03:30.541-07:00Digby's take on this is worth a read. She quot...Digby's take on this is worth a read. She quotes William Hazlitt, who laid out this whole dynamic in 1820:

'If the two party system represents two warring tribes whose disagreements have as much to do with culture and identity as policies, the fact that the Democrats have consciously sought to appropriate the right wing's assumptions and rhetoric could have had the effect of making them more extreme. . . . Being "different" from liberals is fundamental to their worldview.

'. . . When the Democrats completely abandoned their relationship with the populist left and began working feverishly to find "common ground" on the so-called culture war issues, they left the conservatives nowhere to run. These are not people who will ever "moderate." It's not in their nature. Trying to split the difference with people who never meet you halfway always ends up advancing their agenda.'

http://digbysblog.blogspot.com/2012/05/its-all-republicans-fault-or-is-it.htmlMurdoch Matthewhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8238382886103256219.post-90053238192783616532012-05-04T17:39:56.276-07:002012-05-04T17:39:56.276-07:00Insane, or just plain BRAIN DEAD. Check this out: ...Insane, or just plain BRAIN DEAD. Check this out: http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/thu-may-3-2012/free-at-last--free-to-blast

[Must.Not.Comment.Re.Her.Hair.]firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8238382886103256219.post-37148504362984661022012-05-04T15:43:04.320-07:002012-05-04T15:43:04.320-07:00These are the same angry loonies who've been a...These are the same angry loonies who've been around since Robert Taft lost the presidential nomination of the GOP to Eisenhower in 1952, and they're still mad about it.

What's new is that these same people are now in the driver's seat of a major political party in the world's most powerful country.Counterlighthttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8238382886103256219.post-23348963486290536582012-05-04T12:23:38.416-07:002012-05-04T12:23:38.416-07:00Digby points out that current Republicans are the ...Digby points out that current Republicans are the party of NO. They define themselves by opposing Democrates, tooth and nail. But the Democrats try to be reasonable; Clinton appropriated many right-wing positions. The right-wing didn't celebrate their victory -- they moved farther to the right. In a way, by moving right, the Democrats are forcing Republicans into a corner. Smart politics? They should have opposed them center-left, where they started.Murdoch Matthewhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8238382886103256219.post-5470281992424832072012-05-04T11:21:28.841-07:002012-05-04T11:21:28.841-07:00Yet my Republican friends insist they "aren&#...Yet my Republican friends insist they "aren't like that". We shouldn't tar them all with the same brush. Well then, I say, leave the party. Otherwise you are one of them. Duh.PseudoPiskiehttps://firstname.lastname@example.com


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The Sustainable Land Management Project II recently won the prestigious President's Award for Innovation. One among the eight awardees, the project team was commended for `Improving land rights among landless youth in Ethiopian watersheds'. Inside Africa caught up with Stephen Danyo, the task team leader for the project to learn more about the innovative approach.
Q: Please tell us about the project and the team.
A: The Sustainable Land Management Project, now in its second phase, aims to restore degraded watersheds, and secure land tenure and livelihoods for the communities residing in the watersheds. The results have been especially spectacular for small groups of landless youth — including single mothers – who were provided legal and documented communal land rights, in exchange for restoring degraded communal lands, from which they then make a living.
Typically these lands are brought back into production using a variety of soil and water conservation measures like terracing, water retention pits, and replanting or regenerating vegetation cover. Once restored, these small groups or the broader community use the land for fruit orchards, woodlots, or to produce honey or vegetables. Beyond the communal land certification process, for individual households, by the time the project ends in 2018, there would be 500,000 individuals with legal landholding certificates and 2 million parcels of land would have been legally mapped – which is 4% of the country's 50 million parcels.
While there are eight core team members mentioned in the award, there are 38 staff and consultants who have contributed towards making this a success. It is a highly dedicated and skilled team. But it is really the client and communities who are implementing this on the ground; we are just bringing it to light and setting the stage for scaling it up.
Q: What do you think made the project win?
A: This project lies at the intersection of water and land management, land rights, and land use. People residing on the most marginalized lands are highly vulnerable to climate and land degradation risks. This poses even greater challenges for landless youth and female heads of households who often have no legal land rights. It's a perfect storm that can drive further resource degradation, poverty, and a litany of "environmental insecurities" including livelihood and job insecurity, food and water insecurity, disaster risk exposure, and conflict or migration.
This perfect storm is brewing in a number of our client countries, so there is ample scope for scaling up low-cost, effective activities such as this one in a variety of settings, such as in the Sahel. This project has shown that providing incentives to the community in the form of land rights for land restoration is the innovation that can help make the difference. We have satellite images that show an expansion of vegetation cover intensity in the project area in about two and a half years compared to areas outside the project. These are sometimes areas where the government had to provide expensive drought relief in the past.
Q: What can other teams learn from your experience?
A: I think one of the key lessons is to be able to work across Global Practices and other institutions to benefit people from the projects we finance. I have been saying, for over a decade: "Think about land, not about turf." It's tough to implement multi-sector approaches but a lot of great work is being done as well throughout the Bank and among our clients, and these successes need to be nurtured. It takes more time and is more expensive but is worthwhile. A second lesson is that if the community and the client own the intervention, it will probably work, despite all the administrative headaches task teams deal with on a daily basis. If the client believes in it, you probably will too. If you believe in it, they will too. It takes trust to hold it all together, and trust can be nurtured by a shared belief in the activity.
Source: World Bank Inside Africa, Sonu Jain.
Comments are closed


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Salon 730
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Fredericksburg, VA 22401
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Sun: Closed
Salon 730 is committed to exceptional customer service, and the art of beauty and wellness. We offer a strong base of team oriented technicians, creating an open, non competitive environment so that you "our guest" may enjoy the convenience of service with any one of our talented team members. We will maintain the leading edge in current and upcoming styles and trends, with continuous and advanced education. Our technicians will provide a thorough consultation prior to all services to ensure that your needs are met. We hold ourselves accountable for meeting our guest's expectations and recognize every guest as our primary focus.
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5 stars Alecia H Featured review
Kristen is a magician with long hair. She does perfect layering.
Thanks so much Alecia
5 stars Elizabeth S Customer since 2018
If you are looking for a top notch experience, this is the real deal. Everyone was professional and went above and beyond to make my visit exceptional. I will be back and feel confident in all the stylists there. Thank you Salon 730!
1 stars Lori H Customer since 2016
It was great! I just love Judy, and looking forward to seeing her again in six weeks.
5 stars Alaina R Customer since 2017
Manuella was wonderful and I will come back any time I need a cut and color!!
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Regina is fabulous!
5 stars Donna L Customer since 2014
It was wonderful to have Aimee back. she is the best if the best.....i love her!!!
Thank you Donna
5 stars Misty S Customer since 2018
Loved my balayage by Kayla and that they use sustainable products!
Great to hear. Thank you Misty
5 stars Pat S Customer since 2016
As always, a very positive experience. Kimi once again worked her magic!! I had my third Cezanne Perfect Finish Treatment, perfect treatment for my hair. So glad Kimi suggested it to me. Would definitely recommend Salon 730, Cezanne and mostly Kimi!!
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text: This week was our first week of summer camp at El Centro, ie, the first week when the kids have actually been there! Everything has gone really well so far. Our day is divided up into several chunks, including ice-breakers/opening activities, snack, reading groups, specials (which are various activities like crafts and writing workshop that the kids rotate through each week), and activity time at the end of the day. My favorite part of the day is reading groups, because during this time I get to work with Genesis and Allyson, two of our students who are still in the beginning stages of learning English. Genesis moved here about a year ago from the Dominican Republic and has had a hard time picking up English, because she started learning at a later age than most of the other students. Allyson just moved to the US from Puerto Rico a few weeks ago and doesn't know any English aside from basic numbers and colors. I love working with these girls and helping them understand what's going on around them when everything is being spoken in English. I've gotten especially attached to Allyson, who tends to cling to me when we divide into specials groups because the other children in her group all prefer to speak in English, which leaves her confused a lot of the time.My favorite thing about El Centro is the opportunity we give these kids to regain a lot of childhood experiences they miss out on at home. A lot of the kids face very adult responsibilities, like caring for younger siblings and translating for their parents (most of whom do not speak English). At El Centro, we briefly take away so many of those worries. We can communicate with their parents without having to put them in the middle. We let them be kids instead of caretakers. It's so much fun to watch them have fun, to see them relax and play and be children instead of trying to be adults at such an early age. Although I have only known most these children for about three days, I already love them more than I ever thought possible. I just want to take them home with me and take care of them, give them stability and security. I'm so happy we have the opportunity to do this for them a few hours every day. When I'm not at camp, I spend a lot of time working on what I've decided will be my main side project this summer: forming a women's group for the mothers at El Centro. These women work long hours in poor conditions and rarely get a chance to relax and have fun. So, once a week, we'll have a women's night for them at El Centro with free childcare and dinner. I've been spending a lot of time advertising this group and making phone calls to the mothers to invite them to join—a real test of my Spanish skills! Although this was intimidating at first, calling gets easier every time and I'm so excited to have the opportunity to practice. I have never loved any job as much as I love working at El Centro, and I can honestly say that this has been the best summer of my life so far. I love every moment I spend with the kids, and I can only hope that they feel the same way and that they gain something valuable from this summer! –Rachel Rutter


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I'm not sure if I'll continue to do video stuff but I've been in a video production class this semester and I've started to kind of enjoy creating video content, so I wanted to try my hand out at some small videos. They are not going to be perfect or really amazing quality but I am learning, so I'm hoping to get better and better over time!
Royalty free music: bensound.


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Video: Bill O'Reilly Uses Hidden Sympathy Reserve on Lindsay Lohan
· You heard it here: Bill O'Reilly's a Lindsay Lohan sympathizer. He's pretty damn sure she didn't steal that necklace (a regular Encyclopedia Brown, this gent) and he wants to be sure everyone's treating her fairly. I'm proud of Bill and his detective kit. [TVSquad]
· Charlie Sheen says he'll help pay the crew of Two and a Half Men during the hiatus. The crew should specify what counts as currency first. [TMZ]
· Johnny Depp will make a cameo in Adam Sandler's movie Jack and Jill. I'm emailing his rep now for an apology. [MTV]
· Willow Smith wants Ryan Murphy to direct her Annie remake. I was just thinking that movie needed a patina of hostile cynicism. [Vulture]
· I hope Miley Cyrus's mea culpa helps you end your weeks-long dilemma about forgiving her. I'm a firm "no." [Access Hollywood]


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Surroundings leak.
In secondary analyses stratified according to gestational age at birth, there was a significant reduction in the risk of death in the CPAP group, as compared with the early-intubation group, among infants born between 24 weeks 0 times and 25 weeks 6 days of gestation however, not among infants who have been born at a later gestational age. Provided the known fact that there was no significant interaction between your intervention and gestational age group, the post hoc character of these analyses, and the true amount of secondary analyses performed, this observation should be interpreted with caution, and further testing should be performed in this immature populace.Of the 572 participants, 245 got no precancerous cervical abnormalities, 239 experienced early precancerous cervical abnormalities, and 88 got advanced precancerous cervical abnormalities. Seventy-three % of the women infected with HPV were infected with multiple HPV subtypes. When the researchers viewed the precise strains of HPV, they discovered that white women and African-American women were infected with different subtypes often. The most frequent HPV subtypes detected among white women with early precancerous cervical abnormalities were 16, 18, 56, 39 and 66, while HPV subtypes 33, 35, 58 and 68 were the most common ones detected in African-Us citizens.


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US8083926B2 - Nanopore structured electrochemical biosensors - Google PatentsNanopore structured electrochemical biosensors Download PDF
- Publication number
- Authority
- Grant status
- Grant
- Patent type
- Prior art keywords
- glucose
- nanopore
- electrode
- sensor
- sensors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active, expires
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/001—Enzyme electrodes
- C12Q1/005—Enzyme electrodes involving specific analytes or enzymes
- C12Q1/006—Enzyme electrodes involving specific analytes or enzymes for glucose
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/902—Specified use of nanostructure
- Y10S977/904—Specified use of nanostructure for medical, immunological, body treatment, or diagnosis
- Y10S977/92—Detection of biochemical
This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/792,902 filed Apr. 19, 2006. The entire disclosure of the prior Patent Application Ser. No. 60/792,902 is hereby incorporated by reference, as is set forth herein in its entirety.
This invention was made with governmental support through the U.S. Department of health and Human Services, U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The United States Government has certain rights in this invention.
The present invention relates to the field of biosensors and, in particular, to biosensors comprising a catalytically active cyclodextrin in a nanopore form.
Monitoring blood glucose levels regularly is very important in proper diabetes management, especially for children with type I diabetes. The conventional glucose sensor technologies have limited the development of glucose sensors, especially in its measurements of blood glucose in the hypoglycemia range (see reference 23). The third generation glucose sensors based on DET phenomena were widely reported (see references 6-8). The third generation biosensors for direct glucose measurements are based on an intriguing phenomenon known for the last decade as the bioelectrocatalysis with the direct electron transfer (DET) between the electrode and the redox active sites of bio molecules (see references 1-5). Direct measurement of analyte without using mediators is one the advantages that this type of sensors offer, because the mediators are leachable from the polymer network and are toxic.
Nano-structured material used for developing novel sensors have been reported in the last decade. Colloidal nano gold particles have been extensively studied for the utility of promoting DET between enzymes and the nano particles (see references 9-10). Joseph Wang had extensive review articles in this field (see references 11-12). The carbon nanotube modified glucose oxidase (GOD) enzyme electrode capable of promoting electron transfer is reviewed in his articles. Vaseashta and Irudayaraj have a review paper on nanostructured sensors (see reference 13).
Nanowire and nanopore based sensors have drawn great interest recently because they are extremely sensitive and well suited for multiple target detection, which overcame the disadvantages of previous technology. However, as the reviewers Vaseashta and Irudayaraj point out, the technology is still in the development stage and the robustness has not been established (see reference 13). It has been shown that the nanopores played an important role in enabling multiple step reactions with higher reaction rate in comparison with the same system immobilized on polystyrene without nanopores (see reference 14).
Cylcodextrins (CD) existing in nature consists of 6 to 12 glucose units. The shapes of cyclodextrins are like donuts, or a truncated conical basket. These CDs have an internal hydrophobic property and external hydrophilic property. The internal pore diameter is 0.78 nm for β-CD, and its height is 0.78 nm. In the reports on recent development in this field, biosensors were developed utilizing the unique properties of CDs to form nanopores or nanotubes with polymers and biological materials (see references 17-22) to detect various toxic substances which are undetectable by conventional sensors.
As indicated above, however, robust nanopore structured sensors have yet to be reported. Therefore, there is a need for a biosensor for accurate glucose measurement, especially in the hypoglycemia range. In addition, there is a need for biosensors that do not utilize a mediator. These and other needs have been met by the present invention.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a sensor comprising an electrode and a cyclodextrin in the form of a nanopore and chemically modified to be electrocatalytically active affixed to said electrode. The nanopore structured self-assembling membrane (SAM) sensors can be used for direct measurement of analyte without using the polymer network's leachable and potentially toxic mediators.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a new generation of electrochemical glucose biosensor that is based on a nanopore structured cyclodetrin SAM and a biomimetic Histidine residue (His 516) receptor of glucose oxidase that is located inside of the CD cavity. The biosensor of the present invention has demonstrated robust analytical performance for direct glucose measurements, especially in the hypoglycemia range.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for detecting or measuring a material, such as glucose, in a sample comprising the step of contacting the sample with a biosensor wherein the biosensor comprises a nanopore structured and chemically modified cyclodextrin.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a method for constructing a biosensor comprising the step of contacting an electrode with a solution comprising chemically modified cyclodextrin to form a nanopore structure. In preferred embodiments, the cyclodextrin may be mM-β-DMCD (mono-modified β-dimethylcyclodextrin) and it forms self-assembling membrane together with PEG (polyethylene glycol) and PVP (poly(4-vinylpyridine)).
Reagent grade poly (4-vinylpyridine) (PVP), polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEG), triacetyl-β-CD (T-β-CD), β-CD/epichlorohydrin, β-D-glucose were purchased from Aldrich-Sigma. The PVP was recrystallized in methanol. The biomimetic glucose enzyme, which is a biomimetic Histidine residue (His-516) receptor of glucose oxidase and mimics the active center of native glucose enzyme, named mM-β-DMCD was synthesized generally according to the published procedures (E. T. Chen and H. L. Pardue, Analytical applications of catalytic properties of modified-cyclodextrins. Anal. Chem. 65, 2563-2567, 1993, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety as if set forth herein). U.S. Pat. No. 6,582,583 issued on Jun. 24, 2003 is also hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety as if set forth herein. Briefly, β-DMCD may be reacted first with sodium hydride in dry tetrahydrofuran under a nitrogen atmosphere at 35-38° C. for 10 hours. The solution is then cooled to 0° C. and mixed with a solution of 2-(4-imidazolyl)-ethyl bromide in tetrahydrofuran and heated to 25° C. for 10 hours to produce the mM-β-DMCD. The structure of the mM-β-DMCD is shown in
A gold electrode (1.6 mm diameter) polished successively with 0.1 and 0.05 μm alumina slurry (BAS), then washed with double distillation water, then sonicated with methanol, then with water. After that, the electrode was polished with diamond solution (BAS), and washed with double distillation water and sonicated in methanol, then with double distillation water. Dry N2 was used to dry the electrode, and then the gold electrode was put in a 35° C. incubator for further drying for 1 hour before use. The gold electrode with a SAM film was used as the working electrode. The platinum wire electrode was the auxiliary electrode and the Ag/AgCl electrode was the reference electrode.
A class 100 level of a clean room was used for all SAM developments. A mixture of PVP/PEG/mM-β-DMCD (see E. T. Chen. Amperometric biomimetic enzyme sensors based on modified cyclodextrin as electrocatalysts, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,582,583 issued on Jun. 24, 2003, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference in entirety as if set forth herein) solution (e.g. 4 μL) was dropped using a syringe by 2×4 μL onto the gold electrode surface at a room temperature and the fabricated SAM electrode was immediately sealed in a N2 filled container and incubated for 48 hours at 35.0° C., then the electrode was washed with double distilled water to remove unbounded chemicals, then was incubated for 2 hours before use. The same protocols were used for fabrication of the PEG/mM-β-DMCD SAM film without PVP; and a T-β-CD/PEG/PVP/β-C copolymer SAM sensor was also fabricated under the same procedures. The differences in the composition and concentration between the U.S. Pat. No. 6,582,583 and an embodiment of the present invention is shown below:
Comparison of the composition and
concentration of the PVP/PEG/mM-β-DMCD mixture
Concentration (mg/mL)
Composition (v/v)
U.S. Pat.
of the
It should be noted that different factors have impacts on the formation of different nanostructured SAM film on a gold surface. A comparison of these factors in an embodiment of the present invention and U.S. Pat. No. 6,582,583 is shown below:
Comparison of the structure of the gold film
the gold film
Film thickness
U.S. Pat. No.
Single crystal
10 nm
The embodiment of
The purity >99.99%
50 nm
the present
A single crystal gold 1×1×1 film that causes phase structure transition was reported in Y. Kondo et al. (see reference 28). The different thickness of the gold film has an impact on the formation of the SAM film on the gold surface.
Comparison of the processing procedure
procedure on
the gold
Fabrication procedure
U.S. Pat. No.
Ultra sonic
To form the nanotube in FIG.
4 of the U.S. Pat. No.
6,582,583, the gold planer
procedure was
electrode was completely
immersed into a solution
consisting of PVP/PEG/mM-β-
DMCD(5:2:10 (v/v)) in a
sealed container for 24
hours at a room temperature,
then the gold electrode was
taken out and incubated for
48 hours at 37° C. and cleaned
with distilled water for 10
minutes, then dried for 2
hours at 37° C. to allow the
formation of the nanotube by
No cleaning
To form the nanopore
embodiment of
procedure was
structure shown in FIGS. 1A,
the present
applied onto
1B and 1C, a drop (4 μL) of
the gold
solution consisting of
PVP/PEG/mM-β-DMCD was
applied onto the gold chip
surface at a room
temperature and immediately
incubated for 48 hours at
35° C. Then the gold
electrode was taken out,
cleaned with distilled water
for 10 minuets and dried at
35° C. for 2 hours to allow
the formation of the
nanopore by self-assembly.
In addition, according to U.S. Pat. No. 6,582,583, the gold planer electrode was immersed in the solution for 24 hours at a room temperature. However, in an embodiment of the present invention, only one drop of the solution was applied onto the gold chip surface. After the application, the solution was immediately taken into incubation. The step of immersion in a sealed temperature for 24 hours at a room temperature was skipped.
A clean bare gold chip with 50 nm thickness and 3 mm diameter was purchased (GeneFluidics, CA) for fabrication of the CD-SAM. Pretreatment of the chip before the fabrication is not necessary based on the AFM image of the bare gold surface. The same procedures and chemical mixtures as above were used to fabricate the gold CD-SAM chip in the clean room for the AFM measurements. The morphology of the three CD-SAMs against a bare gold electrode was characterized by using an instrument (Digital Instruments Dimension 3100 Atomic Force Microscope, Veeco Instruments, Santa Barbara, Calif.). The nanopore sizes were measured using TappingMode™ AFM with a silicon cantilever and tip with a 300 kHz resonance frequency and a 5-10 nm tip radius (Model TESP by VeecoProbes). The software used was NanoScope versions 5.30rl.
The first reported nanopore structured biomimetic CD-SAM was shown in
A voltammetric analyzer (model CV50W, Bioanalytical System (BAS), IN) was used for the measurements of currents. A Faraday low current cage (model C2, BAS) was used for protection of the electrode cell. For the pH effect study and for the glucose measurements, the scan rate was kept constant at 50 mv/s. All electrochemical measurements were done in an unstirred electrochemical cell at 20°C. All sample solutions were bubbled thoroughly with high purity N2 for 10 minutes and maintained in a N2 blanket. The 0.1 M, pH 7.0±0.1 buffer ((0.1 M KCl) solution was filtrated and degassed. The electrodes were equilibrated in a 10 mL, pH 7.0±0.1, 0.1 M buffer (0.1 M KCl) for 30-45 minutes by applying a potential at −400 mv until a steady-state current was observed before a sample can be measured.
The internal standard addition method was used to study the accuracy of glucose measurements using bovine serum albumin (BSA). The current for a 50 mg/dL glucose standard was measured in the 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7 (0.1 M KCl) bovine serum albumin. Then 100 μL of 5 g/dL of glucose solution was added into the sera, and the current was measured. Four measurements were obtained after 4 consecutively additions of the same amount of glucose solution.
The electrochemical behavior of the sensors was characterized by using Cylic Voltammetry (CV) method. The factors affecting the currents were studied. The cyclic voltammograms of different electrodes with and without nanopore structured SAM membranes are compared in
The scan rate effects on the electrochemical behavior of the nanopore CD sensor were studied and the voltammogram profiles were shown in
Some of the advantages of the nanopored CD sensors of the present invention over the prior art native glucose enzyme sensors with gold nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes are: (1) the activation of the biosensor without the need of the presence of oxygen to detect glucose simplifies the procedures for commercialization; (2) the fabrication of truly reagentless, mediatorless nanopore CD sensors without the use of glucose enzyme avoided biofouling and denaturing from using native enzymes, which is an attractive characteristic for implantable devices or for usage in harmful environments.
The change of pH effects on the electrochemical behavior of the nanopored CD sensors was evaluated in 0.1 M phosphate buffer with varied pH from 5.0 to 9.0 without the presence of glucose at 20° C. as shown in
Under optimal experimental conditions, curve c in
The experiments of the present invention not only confirm the nanopore sensor's electrochemical function, but also reveal a distinct phenomenon: at the beginning, a decrease of current is due to the association of the glucose molecules with the receptor site, and after that, an proportional increase of current is due to the nanopore channeling effect when the glucose concentration continues to increase. Detailed illustration of the pathway of the nanopore sensor is presented in
For within-run precision, the relative mean standard deviation (RSD) was 1.5% from the triplicate runs obtained at each of 11 glucose concentration levels from 5 to 100 mg/dL. At the clinical decision level of 50 mg/dL, the RSD values were 1.1% and 1.4% (n=5) obtained at different days using the same nanopored CD sensor #1. At 20 mg/dL, which is a useful clinical decision level for diagnosing type I diabetic in newborns (see reference 23), the RSD value was 1.5%. For the inter-assay precision, the RSD values obtained from three CD sensors #1 with the same nanopored fabrication were 1.1%, 0.7% and 2% at 50.0 mg/dL glucose concentration with five replicates. The precision measurements of glucose at hypoglycemia range from the nanopored CD sensors have laid a foundation for accurate performance for future glucose monitoring devices. This improvement of the analytical performance has overcome the disadvantage of imprecise measurements common to self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) devices of the prior art at the low glucose range (see reference 23).
Three same types of nanopore structured CD sensor were fabricated on three 1.6 mm diameter gold electrodes and were used for the reproducibility study. The DET rate constants can be reproducibly obtained. The Ks value was 136.7/s±19/s. The peak intensity deviation among the three sensors was 7.7%.
The internal standard addition method was used to study the accuracy of glucose measurements using bovine serum albumin (see reference 26). Four measurements were obtained after 4 consecutively additions of the 100 μL of 5 g/dL of glucose solution into the BSA. The results were compared against an internal standard. The mean accuracy was 98%±1% at 50 mg/dL concentration.
In prior art, native glucose enzyme sensors can suffer biofouling in which the glucose enzyme is easily dissociated from the electrode surface (see reference 9), and, therefore, it needs constant enzyme activity renewal in a solution. This problem does not occur with the nanopored CD sensor of the present invention. The CD sensor of the present invention never needs such a renewal process and still maintains a good performance. For example, the intensity of the same CD sensor only decrease by 16% after 116 measurements lasted for 42 days. Plus, the sensor does not need to be kept at 4° C. for storage as required by native enzyme sensors (see reference 3). Therefore, the nanopore CD sensors of the present invention have offered advantageous features that are simple and robust for direct glucose measurements without using glucose enzymes or mediators.
As shown in
This glucose biosensor of the present invention demonstrates the full usages of monitoring glucose at critical clinical decision concentration ranges (
In addition to gold, glassy carbon can be used for construction of the biosensor of the present invention. The DET effect was observed and the irreversible peaks were also obtained.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and, accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.
The following references are hereby incorporated by reference.
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Though all of our outpatient drug rehabs adhere to the highest level of care, distinct drugs and substances can have differing impacts, and this may possibly impact your certain therapy desires. Twenty-eight days was regarded the proper length of time for profitable inpatient (generally hospital-primarily based) care in the common Minnesota model of alcohol remedy. It includes family and buddies and sometimes co-workers, clergy or others who care about the person struggling with addiction. But how do men and women initially turn into addicted to drugs?
( Alcoholism Rehab: Time for an Alcohol Remedy Center? In the US alone, more than 23 million men and women, ages 12 and up, required treatment for illicit drugs (like prescription drugs) or alcohol abuse in 2009, according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Wellness Solutions Administration That is almost one particular in ten men and women in the US, and it does not consist of the millions of teens and adults with hidden addiction problems or individuals with other addictions such as smoking. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse , these effects stem from ketamine's capacity to modify how the brain processes sensory info.
Definitely, you will boost your odds of longer life if you stop drinking and taking drugs. Even though it is doable to detox from drugs or alcohol at residence, it is under no circumstances suggested that this is done alone. For a number of reasons, the remedy field in the United States fell into some rather aggressive, argumentative, "denial-busting" methods for confronting individuals with alcohol and drug issues. Depending on what you are addicted to and how extended you have been utilizing drugs and alcohol, withdrawal symptoms range from mild to serious.
It requires extra time than that for a person to heal the harm, obtain relief from guilt, and discover fresh, new sober living capabilities. The study of motivation is inexorably linked to an understanding of private modify-a notion that has also been scrutinized by modern psychologists and theorists and is the focus of substance abuse remedy. When I stopped denying, I opened the door to recovery and walked by means of to commence living my life as the particular person I was meant to be. Come across people who will help you in your efforts to beat drug addiction.


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Ronnie Morgan is a co-managing member of Alegria as well as a principal and CEO of MKS Residential LLC, an institutional-quality apartment developer. He spent 25 years as Co-Chairman of The Morgan Group, Inc., and CEO of Morgan Construction Co., Inc., companies that developed institutional-quality apartments across the country. He began his career as a real estate attorney in Houston where he practiced with two downtown law firms during the 1980s. In 1995, he served as the president of the Houston Apartment Association and in 2005-06, after relocating to the San Diego area, was chairman of the San Diego Chapter of the Young Presidents Organization (YPO).
Elias Lilienthal is a co-managing member of Alegria. He immigrated in 1998 to the United States from Mexico City, where he was CEO/President and shareholder in multiple family-owned manufacturing companies in a variety of industries. In the United States Mr. Lilienthal has been actively involved in the development and construction of custom homes and other real estate investment and development activities. He has been an active member of the Young Presidents Organization for many years.
Bradley J. Tuck is the COO of Alegria and has more than 23 years of diversified expertise in the real estate development industry. Since founding Bradley Land Group in 2004 he has directed the entitlement of more than 400 homes and mixed-use projects throughout San Diego County. He previously served in executive leadership positions with D.R. Horton and the Corky McMillin Companies, a San Diego-based private real estate development, home building and realty company.
Ari Hirschhorn is the co-chairman of Grupo Hir, a Mexican firm with over 50 years of experience financing and constructing low-income housing in Mexico. He has managed the construction and sale of more than 350,000 housing units and used his expertise to direct similar projects in Southern California. Under Mr. Hirschhorn's direction Grupo Hir has added numerous subsidiary organizations and expanded its activities across North America.


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- ashleyyyg
- 7 years ago
- Wedding: July 2012
My family is coming from Georgia, Florida, New York, and New Jersey to my wedding in Michigan. My FI's family is from Michigan. I kind of want to make Out of Town guest bags for everyone (especially my family because most have never been to Mackinac Island, where our wedding is, or to Michigan), I wanted to include Faygo (soda made in Michigan), Yooper Bars (candy bars made in michigan and shaped like the Upper Peninsula), Better Made Potato Chips (also made in Michigan), with several other things, such as a map of the island, discount coupons for the island, a flyers so they know what stuff they can do on the island.
My question is, would it be innappropriate to give out Out of Town guest bags INSTEAD of favors at the wedding??


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Real HP certification HP0-Y37 examination research study guide is available at Ourexam, which is the current version in the market. HP0-Y37 exam study guide is offered in various formats to finest fit your requirements and learning style from Ourexam. Whether you are a hands-on tactile learner, visually or even a textbook training veteran, we has the HP0-Y37 examination research study guide that will ensure you to pass your HP0-Y37 test at the very first time!
So you must be questioning, how do I protect myself from it? It is very easy, using a VPN. VPN will secure your total information transfer and web connection while you are utilizing the web on Public Wi-Fi, thus securing you from any potential risks of getting hacked. It creates a safe and secure tunnel around your info flow, which is impossible to permeate.
There are dozens of vypr vpn out there, but I like WiTopia the most since it is low-cost and simple to set up. Before I utilized WiTopia, I had this concept that VPNs were made complex and just useful for tech geeks. That all altered when I attempted WiTopia a couple of months earlier and had it running in no time.
VPN for Saudi Arabia is the best service for this issue. VPN or virtual private network is a secured tunnel in unsafe Internet connection. It conceals genuine IP and secures all the traffic in the vpn channel.
Today I present to you a cool option with which you can want to browse safely and anonymously. You may be amazed to know that Google provides applications which enable you to deploy proxy servers for (obviously) complimentary! Ever become aware of Google Apps Engine? It belongs of their cloud services where you can run your web applications on their facilities. Jobs such as Mirrorrr have been developed which allow you to create a proxy server and deploy it on Google's servers. Certainly no firewall program worldwide will obstruct traffic to Google's trusted servers ?!
If any sort of advancement happens on the data, it is basically the system that is assaulted upon, which refers to the truth that the IP is invaded. VPN gives users the liability to the users to operate in and out without getting the IP of the system analyzed. Thus, VPN just conceals your IP, plus, provides you with the all the security to make you work easily from far on a VPN. If at any cost, a hacker does attempt to attack in, he wrongly chooses the VPN Server IP instead of your system's server, henceforth making your information still under VPN's safeguarded hands.
Using VPN's frequently I understand rather a bit in regards to the corporations that provide plus the excellent quality. The best VPN services frequently originate from a cheaper resolution!


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In Mark Nepo's book "The Exquisite Risk" he says "the human journey is one of steering our way back to center over and over."
Nepo likens our journey through life and transformation to being in a canoe. "…If left alone the boat will drift. In stream or river, the current will carry us, but we need from time to time to paddle or row, to steer our way back to where the current is clear and strong… At the center of the stream of life is the unstoppable current of Spirit."
We are constantly "drifting and steering". We all know how it feels to struggle against the current- to work hard at things that just aren't working for us. As well we all know how it feels to drift and how it feels to be carried along; the momentum of grace seems to bouy us up and place us in the best possible stream.
When we have steered our way through enough chaturangas, we develop a lot of strength. When we've steered ourselves through Warrior III and Eagle pose enough times, we gain a sense of balance that is much more reliable than when we started learning. It doesn't happen overnight. That's why yoga is called a practice. We keep at it, paddling and adjusting our course over time. The body will drift and so will the mind- when we stop steering.
An ongoing yoga practice cultivates a body that finds more ease than discomfort, more strength than weakness and a mind that can access more calm than stress. We experience something we might call our native state of health. Yoga steers us back again and again to that state.
On the mat we steer and stay on course by linking the breath with every movement. The breath is the bridge to mind and body; with a focused mind we cultivate tapas- will, determination and heat. We steer with non-judgment as we recognize that some days we drift more than paddle.
Even as we progress in our practice, the idea that we "arrive" is not really the point- and not really possible if we are truly practicing yoga. The need to keep steering remains, but the feeling that we are being carried happens more often. When we experience being carried it's nice, but can't always be expected. Staying present to what the stream and the boat have to offer us in the moment is the real fruit of the voyage.


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Mozilla First Release? "Mozilla 1.0"
Thursday June 29th, 2000
There has been some question as to what the first release of Mozilla will be called. But now, in a post to the n.p.m.seamonkey newsgroup, Mitchell Baker states that the name of Mozilla's first release will officially be "Mozilla 1.0". They decided to use the "1.0" appellation because, "this is the first release developed through the open source process, and much of the code and the architecture is new". The user-agent will still begin with the "Mozilla/5.0" substring.
#28 Try Aphrodite / Sullivan (n/t)
by gwalla <email@example.com>
Friday June 30th, 2000 2:47 PM
You are replying to this message


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Stores everywhere are embracing the fact that we are coming into Fall! And even amidst our heatwave here in Los Angeles, there are sweaters, cardigans, jackets, jumpers and scarves all over the place.
I do miss the way I could layer my clothes when I lived in England, but at the moment I can barely keep a tee shirt on! If you know me, you know I love a dark lip in the Fall and I can't lie, while I am partial to a bright red nail, I love a dark nail too. I've picked five drugstore polishes that are very affordable for the Fall for all us budget conscious girlies. But of course, I had to include a couple of chic classics, that in my honest opinion, are all-year-round types of colours like the white and pale beige colour, somehow they translate over every season.
Without further ado here's the line up, from left to right:
Wet n Wild Wildshine – Yo Soy $99c What a blooming bargain! After just two coats this colour is the perfect shade of pale beige and just looks gorgeous on long and short nails alike.
Sally Hansen Insta-Dri – Black To Black $3.99 This is a gorgeous shiny black. It really does dry pretty quickly which is a major perk since the moment I paint my nails I have to do a thousand things and most of the time end up messing them up, same with you?
Wet n Wild Megalast – Under Your Spell $1.99 If you're on the hunt for a deep reddish brown colour this might be for you. Although its downfall is that this one does need three coats. I have quite a few polishes from this range and this is the first of them that I've come across being quite sheer on first applying. Once the three coats are done it does look pretty and perfect for the fall months. I do also enjoy the brush in this line, which is wide and flat, helping application go on smoothly.
Revlon Colorstay Gel Envy – Sure Thing – $5.00 This polish promotes itself as color + base, which is something new to me. I love a good white nail and am still on the hunt for the perfect formula. After a couple of coats, this has quite nice coverage and isn't streaky but can bubble up due to its thicker consistency so ensure each coat dries before applying the next.
Wet n Wild Megalast – Disturbia $1.99 This is a lovely dark purple, which in unnatural lighting can actually look as dark as black. But during the day and natural lighting, it's a beautiful deep purple. As mentioned before, this 'Megalast" line of Wet n Wild has a wonderfully wide, flat brush helping with easy application, thumbs up I say!
I am definitely lusting after a navy blue polish for this season! What are your favourite colours for Fall? Do tell!


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Aren't there cheaper Android phones?
Actually yes there are but I doubt any of them use android 6.0. To use android 5.0 and higher phones have to use 64 Bit CPU, not the older 32Bit CPU of old. 64Bit CPU's are way more powerful and when more programs are designed to take advantage you will under stand why but enough about that for now.
How can one of the latest version of android be a con?
Well maybe not the Android itself but what it represents, a shame. Android 6.0 is one of the best Android versions for dual sim, signalling through color which one of the sim cards is being rung so the user can decide how to respond better.
Any Sim But 4G
Dual Sim phones give users the option of choosing which of two sims to make a call from and alerting you to which number is being rung. 2G and 3G networks are available the shame is that 4G is not included removing the option of the fastest internet available.
Gretel A7 Total Recall 48GB
Memory is 16GB minus the android 6.0 marshmallow and other preinstalled apps, this can be increased yet another 32GB with an SD card. 1GB RAM is enough to run most thing it's not super fast but carries out basic task well.
The Cost Of a Low Price
Being a low budget phone I can understand it will not receive the same level of support as more expensive models however more to feel safe when purchasing mobile I need OTA(Over The Air) Updates so that should firmware issues arrive I can have confidence the manufacturer will sort it out Over the air. Without OTA I feel as though Gretel are trying to sell us on the very impressive preinstalled OS which creates a potentially false sense of security. I would have been much happier with OTA even if the updates were not that frequent given the price of the Gretel A7.
Gretel A7 $49.14 Here
To give you an idea of price and value the Gretel A7 offers let's compare it to a major Chinese and using the same CU the MTK6580 elephone. Elephone have released a phone that cost more and features less called the Elephone A1 it does have the advantage of having Elephones good name.
Elephone A1 $68.65 Here
Screens are a double edged sword to some extent the higher the resolution the more energy they consume so given the HD standard the A7 adheres to and 2000mah battery in this instance the Pros and the cons balance each other out to an extent. HD resolution the A7 displays is still beautiful so don't let the previous comment damage your view of the screen see what I did there.
Considering this is a low budget phone I am pleasantly surprised by is the Gorilla Glass screen which is impact resistant and scratch proof, protecting the A7 from physical damage, not one's personal view.
Screen Protector is not mentioned but is actually in fact included with accessories. A silicone cover although not stated is also included, sounds great only problem is that the hole for the microphone is in the wrong place and sound is already weak.
Charging time is only about one hour and although the battery is 2000mah that's still very fast.
Camera is OK in good lighting but in bad lighting the back lights flash proves inadequate.
More To Choose From
Typically two colour option are available but with the Gretel A7 you can select from Black, Orange, Yellow and Silver
Dual Sim
2G 3g
32GB SD Card
Surprise Accessories
HD Screen
Gorilla Glass
Value For Money
Colour Options
Charging Time
Very Low Priced Android
Small Battery
Only HD Resolution
lack of 4G
OTA Unavailable
Weak sound
Weak Back light
Check Out Related Content
Bluboo Dual
Android 7.0 Fingerprint Scanner
Bluboo Dual Review Here


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Law of the Sea is a body of international law that concerns the principles and rules by which public entities, especially states, interact in maritime matters, including navigational rights, sea mineral rights, and coastal waters jurisdiction. It is the public law counterpart to admiralty law, which concerns private maritime intercourse. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, concluded in 1982 and put into force in 1994, is generally accepted as a codification of customary international law of the sea.
With many people worldwide now turning their eyes to an ocean in peril, the Law of the Sea convention turned into a global diplomatic effort to create a basis of laws and principles for all nations to follow concerning the sea and everything it held. The result: A 1982 oceanic constitution, called the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Between New York, USA and Geneva, Switzerland, ambassadors from 165+ countries sat down to trade and barter for their nations' rights.
BBC News | 23 Jun 2018
International Business Times | 22 Jun 2018


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Sold By
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- Photos
Feels Like Home!
- 4 Beds
- 2 Baths
- 2 Cars
If this isn't a lifestyle, then I don't know what is
Come view this fantastic family home situated on a massive 2546m2 site! Perfectly positioned at the front of the section, making the rear large enough for you to do as your heart desires. With established trees surrounding this home that creates a tranquil and private setting for you to enjoy.
202m2 of house! from two livings to the open plan kitchen/dining that open out to the patio, 4 bedrooms, master with ensuite and walk in wardrobe, separate laundry and double internal access garage.
This home has been presented well and fitted with modern fixtures. Heatpump to enjoy all year round and located in the heart of Ohaupo within a lifestyle subdivision.
Close to local cafes and a short drive to Hamilton, Te Awamutu and Cambridge.
Call Mark Keesom now to arrange a viewing!
- Family Room
- Electric Hot Water
- Heat Pump
- Standard Kitchen
- Openplan Kitchen
- Open-Plan Dining
- Separate Bathrooms
- Separate WCs
- Ensuite
- Separate Lounge/Dining
- Electric Stove
- Insulation: In Walls
- Joinery: Double Glazed
- Very Good Interior Condition
- Double Garage
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- Brick Exterior
- Very Good Exterior Condition
- Walk-In Wardrobe
- Single Storey
- Mixed Section Contour
- Westerly Aspect
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- Level With Road
See all features
- Blinds
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- Heated Towel Rail
- Light Fittings
- Rangehood
- Stove
- TV Aerial
- Cooktop Oven
See all chattels
2 garage spaces


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|Message view
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|"Adaryl \"Bob\" Wakefield, MBA" <adaryl.wakefi...@hotmail.com>
|Re: Streaming data - Avaiable tools
|Fri, 04 Jul 2014 16:28:47 GMT
Storm. It's not a part of the Apache project but it seems to be what people are using to process event data. B. From: firstname.lastname@example.com Sent: Friday, July 04, 2014 11:25 AM To: email@example.com Subject: Streaming data - Avaiable tools Hello Experts, Wanted to explore the available tools in the market on streaming data. I know Apache Spark exists. Are there any other tools available? Regards, Santosh Karthikeyan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This message is for the designated recipient only and may contain privileged, proprietary, or otherwise confidential information. If you have received it in error, please notify the sender immediately and delete the original. Any other use of the e-mail by you is prohibited. Where allowed by local law, electronic communications with Accenture and its affiliates, including e-mail and instant messaging (including content), may be scanned by our systems for the purposes of information security and assessment of internal compliance with Accenture policy. ______________________________________________________________________________________ www.accenture.com
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Desperate French Cut Taxes
Almost everywhere you look in Europe there is unrelenting support for a continuation of policies that preserve big government. Hell-bent on saving their welfare state, the leaders of both the EU and the member states stubbornly push for either more government-saving austerity or more government-saving spending. In both cases the end result is the same: fiscal policy puts government above the private sector and leads the entire continent into industrial poverty.
Monetary policy is also designed for the same purpose, which has now placed Europe in the liquidity trap and a potentially lethal deflation spiral. The European Central Bank is fearful of a future with declining prices, thus pumping out new money supply to somehow re-ignite inflation. In doing so they are copying a tried-and-failed Japanese strategy, on which Forbes magazine commented in April after news came out that prices had turned a corner in the Land of the Rising Sun:
Japan's government and central bank are likely to get much more inflation than they bargained for. This risks a sharp spike in interest rates and a bond market rout, with investors fleeing amid concerns about the government's ability to repay its enormous debt load. In the ultimate irony, it may not be the deflationary bogey man which finally kills the Japanese economy. Rather, it could be the inflation so beloved by central bankers and economists that does it.
This is a good point. Monetary inflation is an entirely different phenomenon than real-sector inflation. The latter is anchored in actual economic activity, i.e., production, consumption, trade and investment. It emerges because basic, universally understood free-market mechanisms go to work: demand is bigger than supply. This classic situation keeps inflation under control because prices will only rise so long as producers and sellers can turn a profit; if they raise prices too much they attract new supply and profit margins shrink or vanish.
Monetary inflation is a different phenomenon, based not in real-sector activity but in artificially created spending power. I am not going to go into detail on how that works; for an elaborate explanation of monetary inflation, please see my articles on Venezuela. However, it is important to remember what kind of inflation European central bankers seem to be dreaming of. As they see it, monetary inflation is the last line of defense against a deflation death spiral, regardless of what is happening in Japan.
They may be right. Again, there is almost unanimous support among Europe's political elite that whatever policies they choose, the overarching goal is to preserve the welfare state. However, there is a very remote chance that something is about to happen on that front. And it is coming from an unlikely corner of the continent – consider this story from France, reported by the EU Observer:
France has put itself on a collision course with its EU partners after rejecting calls for it to adopt further austerity measures to bring its budget deficit in line with EU rules. Outlining plans for 2015 on Wednesday (1 October), President Francois Hollande's government said that "no further effort will be demanded of the French, because the government — while taking the fiscal responsibility needed to put the country on the right track — rejects austerity." The budget sets out a programme of spending cuts worth €50 billion over the next three years, but will result in France not hitting the EU's target of a budget deficit of 3 percent or less until 2017, four years later than initially forecast.
In the beginning, Holland stuck to his socialist guns, trying to grow government spending and raise taxes. However, he soon changed his mind and combined tax hikes with cuts in government spending, as per demands from the EU Commission. Now he is taking yet another step away from established fiscal policy norms by combining spending cuts, albeit limited ones, with tax cuts – yes, tax cuts:
The savings will offset tax cuts for businesses worth €40 billion in a bid to incentivise firms to hire more workers and reduce the unemployment rate. In a statement on Wednesday, finance minister Michel Sapin said the government had decided to "adapt the pace of deficit reduction to the economic situation of the country."
The "adaptation" rhetoric is the same as the French socialists had when they took office two years ago. What has changed is the purpose: back then their fiscal strategy was entirely to grow government – because according to socialist doctrine government and only government can get anything done in this world. Now they are actually a bit concerned with the economic conditions of the private sector.
This goes to show how desperate Europe's policy makers are becoming. In the French case it is entirely possible that Hollande is willing to become a born-again capitalist in order to keep Marine Le Pen out of the Elysee Palace. After all, the next presidential election is only three years out. But it really does not matter what Hollande's motives are, so long as he gets his fiscal policy right.
The EU Observer again:
Last year, France was given a two-year extension by the European Commission to bring its deficit in line by 2015, but abandoned the target earlier this summer. It now forecasts that its deficit will be 4.3 percent next year. The country's debt pile has also risen to 95 percent of GDP, well above the 60 percent limit set out in the EU's stability and growth pact. Meanwhile, Paris has revised down its growth forecast from 1 percent to 0.4 percent over the whole of 2014, and cut its projection for 2015 to 1 percent from 1.7 percent. It does not expect to reach a 2 percent growth rate until 2019.
This is serious stuff but hardly surprising. I predict this perennial stagnation in my new book Industrial Poverty. And, as I point out in my book, a growth rate at two percent per year only keeps people's standard of living from declining- it maintains a state of economic stagnation. There will be no new jobs created, welfare rolls won't shrink and standard of living will not improve. For that it takes a lot more than two percent GDP growth per year.
Hollande's new openness to – albeit minuscule – tax cuts should be viewed against the backdrop of this very serious outlook. He will probably not succeed, as the tax cuts are so small compared to the total tax burden, and the tax-cut package is not combined with labor-market deregulation. But the mere fact that he is willing to try this shows that there is at least a faint glimpse of hope for a thought revolution among Europe's political leaders. Maybe, just maybe, they may come around and realize that their welfare statism is taking them deeper and deeper into eternal industrial poverty.


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Business Overview
Salesforce.com, inc. develops enterprise cloud computing solutions with a focus on customer relationship management. The company offers Sales Cloud to store data, monitor leads and progress, forecast opportunities, gain insights through relationship intelligence, and collaborate around sales on desktop and mobile devices, as well as solutions for partner relationship management. It also provides Service Cloud, which enables companies to deliver personalized customer service and support, as well as connects their service agents with customers on various devices; and Marketing Cloud to plan, personalize, and optimize one-to-one customer interactions. In addition, the company offers Commerce Cloud to deliver a digital commerce experience; Community Cloud to create and manage branded digital destinations for customers, partners, and employees; Internet of Things Cloud that provides insights to companies enabling them to sell, service, and market to their customers in personalized ways, as well as engage with them in real time; and Analytics Cloud that enables employees across an organization to explore business data, uncover new insights, make decisions, and take action from various devices. Further, it provides Salesforce Quip, a next-generation productivity solution for teams with a mobile-first strategy to collaborate without email; and Salesforce Platform for building enterprise apps. Additionally, the company offers professional cloud services, such as consulting, deployment, training, user-centric design, and integration to facilitate the adoption of its solutions; and architects and innovation program teams, as well as various education services comprising introductory online courses and advanced architecture certifications. Salesforce.com, inc. offers its services through direct sales; and through consulting firms, systems integrators, and other partners. The company was founded in 1999 and is headquartered in San Francisco, California.
Business Analysis of Salesforce.com
The Technology Sector is witnessing a major shakeup, new age business models in the industry are transforming both customers and businesses. Faced with this uncertainity, companies are investing resources to transform their business. An in-depth business analysis is a valuable resource to identify and articulate the need for a business model change. At R&P Research we believe, the starting point for a business analysis is Benchmarking. Business benchmarking can be done at various levels: 1) Industry Benchmarking 2) Peer Benchmarking 3) Disruptors Benchmarking. In this report, we share the snapshot of how Salesforce.com compares against the industry on the major performance indicators. This analysis, along with peer group/disruptors benchmarking and revenue model understanding can help identify growth and cost optimization opportunities to maximize the value delivered by Salesforce.com to its stakeholders. R&P Research Industry Intelligence Platform provides historical data for last 15 years with an easy to use benchmarking interface for an in-depth comparative business analysis.
Here is the performance snapshot of Salesforce.com with an interactive chart.
- Revenue Growth: Salesforce.com reported a revenue growth of 24.1% year-on-year during 2016. Software Industry grew at 0.9% in the same period
- COGS share of Revenues: As a percentage of revenue, Salesforce.com spent 24.8% of its total revenues on COGS. Software industry average (COGS share of revenue) in the same period was 34.0%
- R&D share of Revenues: As a percentage of revenue, Salesforce.com spent 14.2% of its total revenues on R&D. Software industry average R&D spending in the same period was 14.8%
- SG&A share of Revenues: As a percentage of revenue, Salesforce.com spent 59.8% of its total revenues on Sales, Marketing, and General Administration (SG&A). Software industry average SG&A spending in the same period was 30.8%
- Inventory share of Revenues: Salesforce.com Inventory share of Revenues details are not available because either company does not share the data or we do not have it
- Accounts Payable share of Revenues: As a percentage of revenue, Salesforce.com invested 20.2% of its total revenues on Accounts Payable (A/P) Software industry average Accounts Payable investment in the same period was 6.2%
- Accounts Receivable share of Revenues: As a percentage of revenue, Salesforce.com invested 37.4% of its total revenues on Accounts Receivable (A/R). Software industry average Accounts Receivable investment in the same period was 19.4%
- PP&E share of Revenues: As a percentage of revenue, Salesforce.com invested 25.7% of its total revenues on Property, Plants, and Equipments (PP&E). Software industry average PPE investment in the same period was 15.8%
- Intangibles share of Revenues: As a percentage of revenue, Salesforce.com invested 66.9% of its total revenues on Intangibles. Software industry average Intangibles investment in the same period was 62.4%
- Net Margins: Salesforce.com Net Margins in the year 2016 were -0.7%. Software industry average Net Margins in the same period were 13.6%
Sector and Industry Association of Salesforce.com
For the purpose of performance benchmarking of a company with a sector or industry average, R&P Research associates every company with one sector and one industry. An industry consists of companies with related/similar business models. A sector comprises of a group of related/similar industries.
Salesforce.com is associated with Technology Sector and Software Industry.
Technology sector is comprised of the following industries: Computers Systems and Peripherals; Software; Semiconductor; IT Consulting and Outsourcing Services; Networking Equipment and Services; Internet; Other. The definitions for each of the industries is as follows:
- Computers Systems and Peripherals industry includes companies primarily engaged in manufacturing of personal computers, servers, mainframes, workstations, and other computer accessories and peripherals such as storage drives, mice, keyboards and printers. It also includes manufacturers of mobile phones and tablets.
- Software industry includes businesses providing software products such as operating systems, productivity suites, enterprise software, data and analysis software, advertising and marketing software, engineering and manufacturing software, networking software, and IT management software. It also includes companies providing industry-specific software focused on different sectors such as Financials, Automotive, Telecom, Utilities, Travel, Real Estate, Media, and Publishing.
- Semiconductor industry includes companies primarily engaged in manufacturing and distribution of semiconductor products such as microprocessors, chipsets, motherboards, flash memory, and wired and wireless connectivity products. It also includes companies that provide semiconductor equipment and services to the semiconductor industry.
- IT Consulting and Outsourcing Services industry includes companies primarily engaged in providing information technology consulting and outsourcing services to other businesses. The services include IT consulting, systems integration, application development and management, IT infrastructure management, and network operations management.
- Networking Equipment and Services industry includes companies primarily engaged in manufacturing and distribution of networking and communications equipment for transporting data, voice, and video traffic across intranets, extranets, and the Internet. The key products include routers and switches for local and wide-area networks, cable modems, teleconferencing equipment, and wireless access points.
- Internet industry includes Internet-based businesses providing products and services such as search engines, social networking, web hosting, email, domain name registration, and eCommerce. It also includes industry information/services portals focused on different sectors such as Financials, Automotive, Travel, Health, Real Estate, Media, and Publishing.
- Other industry includes companies providing products such as photocopiers, fax machines, point of sale machines, audio/video technologies, and video games. It also includes technology companies that are not part of other six technology industries.
Industry Ranking of Salesforce.com
With $6.7 billion revenues, Salesforce.com ranked number 4 of all the companies in the US Software industry. There were a total of 140 public companies in the US Software industry that had revenues greater than $50 million during 2016.
The top-10 companies in the US Software industry by revenues during 2016 were:
- Microsoft ($85.3 billion)
- Oracle ($37 billion)
- VMWare ($7.1 billion)
- Salesforce.com ($6.7 billion)
- Adobe Systems ($5.9 billion)
- Intuit ($4.7 billion)
- CA Technologies ($4 billion)
- Symantec ($3.6 billion)
- ScanSource ($3.5 billion)
- Citrix Systems ($3.4 billion)
Business Model Analysis (BMA) Framework
We use the following framework to assess the business model of a company. Business Model Analysis framework can be used by organizations to articulate growth strategies and identify cost optimization opportunities. Technology and consulting companies can use this framework to identify the value drivers and pain points of their targeted customers. Entrepreneurs can use this framework to understand the language of business and identify promising business opportunities. This framework can be used by any professional aspiring to take up a leadership role to better understand the businesses challenges, articulate growth strategy, and monitor the business improvement requirements for the organization.
Next Steps
- Conduct a holistic benchmarking; to identify and target additional sources of value
- Get in touch with us to learn more about Business Model Analysis Framework
- Get free data, charts, and analysis of Salesforce.comand its peers on select key performance indicators by clicking the reports provided below