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Why should the VO burden itself with considerations of Authority, Identity and authentication? The astronomical parts of the current web do not seem to need these concepts; most web access is anonymous. What do we gain by going beyond anonymous access?
Authority is a given. Almost all data archives have some usage policy, such as a one-year proprietary period in which data are only available to the original observers. If every single datum attached to the VO were to be put into the public domain, then the authority issue would be trivial; but this is unlikely to be the case. Otherwise, authority is part of the science requirements. This is slightly masked by the fact that the WWW interfaces to archives usually disregard the access policy of the archive, or implement only the lowest level of access.
Identity, and its on-line representation, is necessary to support authority. Current on-line facilities that use anonymous access cannot grant special authority to individuals and hence cannot grant all the access implied in their policies. For example, a PI on a survey should be allowed access to data during the proprietary period but will not be able to obtain that access anonymously.
Identity also allows the VO to store results on behalf of users for later collection. It enables a user to start a large and complex query, to disconnect from the VO, and later to reconnect and ask for the results. "The user's results" is only a valid concept when the user can be identified. The idea that results are stored on the grid is built into the current AstroGrid architecture.
Authentication (i.e. the proving of identity) is necessary to support identity. Because the VO is distributed and is built on the public Internet, all parts of it may be addressed by potential users and by attackers. An identity assumed by a party may be false and identities must be tested before they are trusted. There is no place to put a firewall around the VO such that internal operations may trust identities without authentication.
Authority means permission to use some resource, and resource means either a data-set or some computing facility for which there is competition. These are examples of authorities:
In this list, the first three authorities are binary - a user either has them or he does not - but the last three imply limits on the amount of some resource that is granted to a user.
Authorities apply to potential users of resources: they are associated with identified parties.
Most facilities have access policies granting rights to groups of persons. Individuals receive the authorities by affiliation. For example:
Some authorities over data-sets apply inherently to one individual. E.g.
The results of the data-mining run #2356547 on the Leicester facility belong to J. Random Astronomer of the University of Birmingham and are for her use only.
This means that each individual is affilated to a group consisting only of himself (or herself, or, recognising that some individuals may be automata, itself).
These per-individual authorities may be extended by delegation. E.g.
JRA grants read and write access to result-set #2358547 to her research student.
A central register of authorities could, in principle, be drawn up as a table of identities against resources. Since authorities can apply to individuals and to individual data-sets, this table is, by implication, a matrix of every registered user against every data-file in the VO: a horrendously large amount of data to sort and search. The third dimension of the matrix lists the different kinds of possible authority (e.g. read access, write access, etc.).
Since most authorities apply to groups of individuals (by affiliation) and to groups of data-sets, the hypothetical big table could be split into three smaller units:
These three parts are logically all sparse matrices. However, they don't have to be implemented that way. The individual/affiliation mapping can be done as a list of affiliation codes for each registered individual. The affiliation/resource-group mapping can be a list of affiliation codes for each group. The sets of resource in each group is naturally a list. These variable-length lists may prove to be easier to handle than tables with fixed dimensions and most cells empty.
It may be convenient, or even necessary, to distribute the parts. For example, the body that registers users into the VO knows about the affiliations, but the providers of the data-services know the mapping from affiliation to groups of resources. In checking authority, the service provider needs to obtain a list of affiliations to check.
If the affiliation/resource-group and resource-group/resource mappings are delegated to the service providers, there is no need to impose any standard on how they are implemented.
Identity of an individual has its commonplace meaning. In the VO, the identity serves mainly to determine the list of affiliations described in the previous section, but identity is still vital.
The prime requirement of an on-line identity is that it be unique throughout the organization where it is used. In the case of the Virtual Observatory, this means that the identity needs to be unique amongst all astronomers who may use the VO. If the VO chooses to rent machine time on facilities of other grids (a possible scenario), then the identities of the users need to be unique in the union of the VO and the other grid. Ultimately, this suggests that identities should be globally unique.
Since email addresses are globally unique, they are an economical way of encoding identity. Some parts of the web already use email addresses this way.
The second requirement on an identity is that it be verifiable using any one of the authentication schemes chosen by the virtual organization. This means that the authentication method dictates the form in which the identity is encoded.
The third requirement on identity is that it change rarely if at all, and that the time between change be long compared with the time for the system to adapt to the change. If this condition is not met, users will be deprived of their access rights for much of the time (like a world traveller who mail never quite catches up with him). This makes the use of email addresses suspect for the VO, since email addresses are tied to institutions.
The fourth requirement on the identity is that its encoding, in a certificate or whatever, be small enough to attach to all service requests without overloading the data-transport mechanism. This may limit either the form of encoding or the form of the data transport.
One common way of authentication (described in more detail below) is to write the identity into a digitally-signed certificate as defined by the X509 standard.[?] That means that identity is carried in a small (~300 bytes) document that is signed by a trusted third party and which cannot be altered without invalidating the signature.
The identity encoded in an X509 certificate is formally known as a "distinguished name" (DN).
This is an example of a certificate:
Certificate: Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Serial Number: 2844 (0xb1c) Signature Algorithm: md5WithRSAEncryption Issuer: C=US, O=Globus, CN=Globus Certification Authority Validity Not Before: Oct 4 16:06:11 2000 GMT Not After : Oct 4 16:06:11 2001 GMT Subject: O=Grid, O=Globus, OU=ast.cam.ac.uk, CN=Guy T Rixon Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption RSA Public Key: (1024 bit) Modulus (1024 bit): 00:b8:05:8b:ed:fb:33:2d:f4:fb:1b:6f:fe:40:07: 34:51:a0:cf:6c:62:b8:11:25:d8:94:ee:00:c8:da: 24:07:1f:3c:55:09:cf:12:6b:03:cf:4a:25:97:f2: 02:20:1b:a1:38:82:56:e9:6b:7d:9a:2d:50:9d:ff: b2:ce:46:90:3d:a1:bf:99:f3:7f:ee:7f:0b:31:09: 45:50:a9:e1:1c:08:1e:c4:9f:92:1d:78:fe:66:46: 3e:49:1d:5f:20:08:b1:c3:77:2f:6f:83:5f:b5:53: e3:60:43:e3:1b:3b:3f:7e:e1:4e:be:1e:37:3e:1d: b3:7d:72:e7:cf:60:ef:19:e7 Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) X509v3 extensions: Netscape Cert Type: 0xC0 Signature Algorithm: md5WithRSAEncryption 49:f1:ff:37:49:c5:d9:a6:b1:40:ae:6a:b2:43:da:7e:a6:7d: a6:3b:99:28:5e:87:9c:a6:40:b2:13:8d:13:e5:d0:3f:2b:63: c1:e9:3a:80:54:64:b7:cb:9b:21:b6:97:1a:0a:aa:99:75:62: 09:30:db:74:47:66:50:47:b6:b1:59:bc:24:8c:3d:6e:cb:b2: cb:a4:7d:d1:b0:a1:7a:fe:a9:78:a5:ac:4d:0a:81:69:37:34: 46:e2:af:50:86:13:9b:dc:95:38:d0:3a:62:ba:4f:5a:01:35: d2:b5:66:7e:90:ff:09:44:7d:d6:ed:f3:dd:f2:43:23:59:30: 53:09 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIICITCCAYqgAwIBAgICCxwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEEBQAwRzELMkGA1UEBh MCVVMxDzANBgNVBAoTBkdsb2J1czEnMCUGA1UEAxMeR2xvYnVzIENlcnR pZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MB4XDTAwMTAwNDE2MDYxMVoXDTAxMTAw NDE2MDYxMVowTjENMAsGA1UEChMER3JpZDEPMA0GA1UEChMGR2xvYnVzM RYwFAYDVQQLEw1hc3QuY2FtLmFjLnVrMRQwEgYDVQQDEwtHdXkgVCBSaX hvbjCBnzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOBjQAwgYkCgYEAuAWL7fszLfT7G2/ +QAc0UaDPbGK4ESXYlO4AyNokBx88VQnPEmsDz0oll/ICIBuhOIJW6Wt9 mi1Qnf+yzkaQPaG/mfN/7n8LMQlFUKnhHAgexJ+SHXj+ZkY+SR1fIAixw 3cvb4NftVPjYEPjGzs/fuFOvh43Ph2zfXLnz2DvGecCAwEAAaMVMBMwEQ YJYIZIAYb4QgEBBAQDAgDAMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBAUAA4GBAEnxzdJxdmm sUCuarJD2n6mfaY7mSheh5ymQLITjRPl0D8rY8HpOoBUZLfLmyG2lxoKq pl1Ygkw23RHZlBHtrFZvCSMPW7LssukfdGwoXr+qXilrE0KgWk3NEbir1 CGE5vclTjQOmK6T1oBNdK1Zn6Q/wlEfdbt893yQyNZMFMJ -----END CERTIFICATE-----
The certificate information is given twice, first in human-readable form and then in condensed for for machine use. In the human-readable part, the certificated identity is in the "data" section and is followed by the digital signature[?] of the certifying authority.
If an organization uses a flexible format for its certificates, then it may be possible to encode that party's affilliations and delegated authorities into the certificate. The technique is a little like attaching visas to a passport. The X509 standard seems to provide the means for this, but the details need to be checked. This approach works well with the authorization scheme described above in that it delivers to the service provider the full list of affiliations needed to check access. However, there are problems in the implementation. Because the X509 certificate is digitally signed, it becomes invalid if altered to add new affiliations. Hence, each time an individual gets a new affilation, they need a new certificate which has to go away to be signed by some responsible person. Furthermore, the number of parameters in the certificate needed to encode all the affiliations may be large, making the certificate unwieldy.
It is worth noting that the X509 certificate doesn't seem to specify a unique syntax for recording affiliations. The VO would have to define its own usage of the X509 facilities.
It is possible that in the plannable future of the VO most activity on the public and commercial WWW will move to a grid-like operation with identified users. Monetary transactions and the need to fund the WWW by micropayments make this evolution likely. In this case, every computer-using person on the planet will be using an on-line identity, and it would be sensible for the VO to be using the same scheme for indentification. Currently, X509 certificates are as good a guess as any at the form that this will take.
All authentication systems work by challenging the party presenting the identity in question. The challenge is a question to which only the owner of the identity could know the answer.
The simplest challenge is a password. The combination of a username (i.e. a simple representation of identity) and a password check for authentication works well for transations between one user and one service. The simple password-system works less well when each user works with many services: in this case, the user either has to remember many passwords or the services have to use the same password. Getting separate services to use the same password is difficult, since the password database has to be copied securely to each service. In a dynamic VO where new users are added often, the administrative load of synchronizing passwords could be excessive. It would be better if the data services didn't need to hold copies of the password database.
In principal, authentication can be centralised to a single service that holds the password database. This seems attractive for a grid system in which the VO itself can provide the authentication service. However, it is difficult to ensure that the party whose identity was proven at the authentication service is the same party pushing for access to the other services; "Man in the middle" attacks are possible. Microsoft's passport system, in which MSN handle authentication on behalf of on-line merchants, suffers from this problem and is considered seriously flawed on this account.
A better scheme would delegate the password check to the challenged party, removing both the need for the data-service to hold the password database and the need for a third party. The X509 certificates allow this.
In the X509 scheme, authentication is done using public-key cryptography [?]. The certificate presented by a party to establish identity contains that party's public key. The challenge is a phrase chosen at random by the challenger. The party challenged encrypts the challenge phrase and with his/her/its private key and sends the cyphertext back to the challenger. The challenger decrypts the cyphertext: if it matches the the plain-text of the challenge phrase then the challenger knows that the challenged party has the private key matching the public key in the certificate. Since only the owner of the identity is supposed to have the private key, the authentication is then successful. Note that the challenger does not need any prior record of the challenged party to make this authentication process work.
Clearly, an attacker could generate a fake certificate by making up a new public/private key-pair, and the challenge process would not distinguish this from the true certificate. To prevent this, the certificates must be digitally signed[?] by a party that the challenger trusts. The signature has two effects: it prevents an attacker from making up a convincing fake certificate; and it makes the certificate invalid if its contents are changed in any way. The latter point counters an attack where the attacker copies a valid certificate, keeps the signature but changes the certificate to show a different identity.
The X509 system requires a transport mechanism by which the challenge phrase and the response to it can pass between the challenging and challenged parties.
The scheme described above authenticates a user of the service to the service's "gatekeeper". The gatekeeper may also have an identity, and a certificate and may be authenticated to gthe user. This mutual authentication would be important in ecommerce, but it seems to be of little use in e-science.
Globus [?] encodes identities for (human) users and (software) keepers of resources. It uses X509 certificates for this. The Globus toolkit will work with any X509 certificate for which the certifying authority is listed in a configuration file written by the person who installed Globus. That is, the set of certificates accepted by a site using Globus is determined by the person setting up that site. Most early Globus sites get certificates for both users and gatekeepers from the HQ of the Globus project.
In Globus, gatekeepers are trusted to protect their identities (i.e. keep their private keys private), but end-users are not. Users' private keys are kept off-line and are not used directly in the challenge process. Instead, a user is required to "log on to the grid" once per day. In this log-on process, the user enters a pass-phrase to temporarily release the private key and the local Globus software makes up a proxy certificate with a new public/private key-pair. The proxy is used for that day's work and the original private key is not used again that day. The proxy certificate has a lifetime of 24 hours, so it matters less if it is compromised.
Globus programmes use mutual authentication through the Grid Security Infrastructure (GSI)[?]. This means that Globus users have to be able to authenticate gatekeepers; this often causes problems in new installations. GSI presumably provides the transport mechanism for the authentication but I do not know how it works in detail.
Globus' authorization scheme is very crude, probably too crude to support a VO. At each node providing a grid service, there is a gatekeeper, and each gatekeeper has a file mapping DNs from the user certificates to UIDs on the local computer. This file is set up manually; there is no provision for synchronizing the map-files between nodes of one site let alone between sites. The scheme seems to be designed for compute grids where each service has dozens of privileged users, rather than a data grid where a service has thousands of users.
Globus provides no accounting facilities whatsoever.
It is likely that the Globus project will move to provide better authorization facilities and at least some accounting. It would be convenient if they could be persuaded to adopt a scheme designed for the VO.
The VO should use Globus GSI scheme for authentication in order to remain compatible with other grid projects. This means that the VO is working with distinguished names encoded in X509 certificates and has a decent chance of remaining interoperable with the commercial web as that moves to identified operation.
The VO must arrange that all its users certificates are trusted by all its parts. Exactly how this is implemented in chains of CAs is an open question.
The VO should not encode academic affiliations in the certificates. The hierarchies used in the authenication chain are very unlikely to match the affiliations that matter for authorization of resource usage, and the latter affiliations are likely to change more often than the natural (one-year) life-time of the certificates. Changing VO-wide certificates is likely to be painful and slow. Hence, the certificates should carry only the unchanging identity.
The mapping from affiliations to authorities on a particular resource should be distributed so that each service provider retains control of over their own service. Providers of read-only, public data can then ignore the whole issue.
Storage of results, and later access to them is a service that may be provided by the VO directly. For this service, the VO should provide the mapping directly from identities to authorities, recognising that most authorities relate to individuals not to groups. VO users should have the ability to grant access to their data to others; the VO should provide software to make these adjustments.
The VO should provide a look-up service mapping DNs to lists of affiliations. The data-services would call this service to resolve a user's identity into affiliations. Tracking users' changes of affilliations as they move from project to project would then become the VO's responsibility. This implies that affiliations are encoded in some standard way.
The VO should handle the absence of a certificate (and hence of an identity for a user) as a special but common case that grants enough authority to read public data. This allows users to work casually and anonymously in the way that they do currently on the WWW. Since the potential number of anonymous users is high (all the amateur astronomers in the developed world), the VO should provide some kind of "flood control".
Since the use of some resources (e.g. time on compute-farms) may be charged against an account or against a pre-agreed quota, there must be some way of controlling this usage. The simplest and most robust way seems to be to delegate to the service providers. The VO should not try to regulate usage of charged resources centrally, but should rely on the service providers controlling access to these resources. The services should provide the VO with a way of finding out the current access "charges" (e.g. how much quota is left for the current accounting period) so that the VO can help the user choose the best service for a given job.


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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-88388027683266472542018-03-02T12:11:13.888-05:00The Fash Mag SlagJonhttp://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8838802768326647254.post-46971568153943074062008-07-15T00:13:00.002-04:002008-07-15T00:42:13.349-04:00late night crapI think I'm going to start adding a youtube video of music I like with each post from now on. I know, youtube posts are so overdone in the blogging world, but don't feel obligated to watch it. You may be at work, or just don't care and that's fine with me.

During lunch today, I stepped out with a coworker to get a quick bite. On the way back to work from Chinatown, I stopped into a deli to get some fruit, more specifically, packaged sliced watermelon. I wanted a cigarette at this point, as any smoker or ex smoker knows that afer meal cigarettes are the best! I reached into my cheapy Muji bag and realized that my cigarettes were in the pocket of my blazer, which lay draped over my desk chair back at the office. Long story short, I ended up (reluctantly) accepting my coworkers menthol cigarette. Carrying the sliced watermelon in the plastic bag and smoking the menthol cigarette, I quietly said to my coworker, 'OMG! I'm black! Help a brother out'. Uproarious laugher. Yeah, I went there bitches, deal with it.

I did say that quietly, of course (though I say everything quietly). Race jokes are frequently funny, and besides, aren't I just doing what Obama wants? Getting race out in the open? I know that people have snickered when I've been on the subway back to my apartment carrying a 20 pound bag of Japanese (California grown) short or medium grain rice. But yeah, political correctness has never been important to me. It ruins humor, makes people afraid to ask a question, and is all around wishy washy. I just choose what to say to whom, based on how well I know them and how they might react.

Moving on, I'm now ordering cigarettes online from Indian reservations. I know I should quit, but.... well, yeah. There are so many cheap cigarette online stores, mostly based out of Eastern Europe. I really don't want to smoke cigarettes made for the Eastern European market. The Indian reservations sell them legally, and for a good price by carton. I've also switched brands- I've been smoking Marlboro Lights for a while now, yet never really liked them. I now smoke Pall Mall lights, which I think is quite cool and classic. A lot of the brands popular in the US, like Parliament, for example, I don't really care for. Marlboro Lights seem really popular, but are 'fishy' to me, for lack of a better word. Camels are ok, but I get tired of them. Winston Lights are nice, but I bought a pack of Pall Malls a month ago out of curiosity and loved the smoothness.

Isn't it strange how brands come and go? Pall Mall was THE cigarette in the US in the 60s, but now, probably do to lack of advertising (not to mention the death of the first wave of people who smoked them), the brand just isn't so popular. There are other examples. Lark cigarettes (which I really do love), are also not popular here anymore. They are, however, VERY popular in Japan. What happened? How did Marlboro beat all these other brands? Honestly, I don't think I could smoke another Marlboro Light again after trying Pall Mall.

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from the mid 80s album 'Psychocandy', 'Never Understand' by The Jesus and Mary Chain. music for people who are.....numb

<object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/PtyGXwWs89c&hl=en&fs=1"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/PtyGXwWs89c&hl=en&fs=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object>Jonhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8838802768326647254.post-44854361187684123662008-07-01T12:21:00.003-04:002008-07-02T17:18:56.461-04:00I really can't handle my liquorIt happened again. I didn't faint this time, but I got sick after 2 drinks. How lame am I? When I tell my friends this story, I said it was after 4 drinks, but between you and me, it was 2 :-(

Shigeki was in town Sunday, so we met up late when he was finished with his work assignment. We met last summer when I was in Tokyo and had a nice time, so I was happy that he agreed to meet up, even though he had flown in from Japan that day, went to work, and had an early flight the next morning. Anyway, a late dinner at Yokocho started the evening. I felt a little silly bringing someone who just flew in from Tokyo to a mediocre izakaya, but on Sunday night past 11 PM, there aren't a huge number of options of places open other than diners. Hopefully he found it interesting, despite the annoyingly loud super trendy Japanese early 20s kids sitting near us. But, we made fun of them behind their backs and had a laugh. :-)

I only had one beer with the meal. One. Not 5. Not 3. One. I figured the divey but diverse Phoenix bar on East 13th Street could be fun, so we headed there. It was Pride night, but it wasn't that full. I guess everyone else was in the West Village and Chelsea, and from talking to Shigeki, I didn't feel like it was really his scene. Nor is Chelsea mine. Don't get me wrong, there's a few places there I like, but I didn't want to go and be judged by guys in lycra tops with muscles but no personality. We talked and I had a gin and tonic. Granted it was a strong G&T, but I drank it and we headed to 7A. I was feeling slightly hungry, and was planning on ordering breakfast. The conversation was nice, as Shigeki is quite wordly and easy to talk to. Long story short, I ended up heading to the restroom thinking I was going to puke. I wasn't drunk in the slightest, just not feeling well at this point. It was a false alarm, I couldn't throw up and returned to the table. About 5 Minutes later, I realized I was going to be sick- and slightly before this, I mentioned I didn't feel well. The next time I went to the restroom was no false alarm. Ewwww.

Washing of hands and rinsing my mouth in their filthy sink in their filthy restroom, I did feel better. Not great, but better, and returned to the table sweating profusely. I sort of had to lean to my side with my head on the glass window, and apologized to Shigeki. Each minute I felt a little better, and after about 20 minutes of leaning to my side and sipping water, I felt 100% fine. We talked some more and people watched- the light rain coating the dirty side walks, the charming yet run down East Village buildings made a good background to the interesting conversation. I was, of course, embarrassed in getting ill after 2 drinks while showing someone from out of town around, but it could have been worse. It didn't last too long, I got over it, and we were able to keep talking as opposed to me having to pass out in a cab. Thanks for the company, Shigeki. Next time I won't mix beer and cocktails, or won't drink at all ;-)Jonhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8838802768326647254.post-43763452606495499312008-06-26T15:06:00.002-04:002008-06-26T15:32:15.997-04:00Remember me?Hi everyone. I know it's been AGES since I last updated. I've been fine, nothing wrong with my health, job, and I haven't been depressed or anything. Rather, I just felt I needed a break from blogging, but I'm back.

I have been checking in all my blog links, but haven't been leaving comments. That'll soon change, now that my blog funk is over. Since I last updated, I've been to Hong Kong. I figured I needed a vacation, despite the dismal US economy, and it is amazing the good deals a travel agent can find. I was able to stay at the Peninsula Hotel in Kowloon at a fraction of the standard rate, and enjoyed the hectic Hong Kong lifestyle for a little less than a week- great food, shopping, a trip to the New Territories, art museums, more eating, Chinese opera, even more eating/ :-) I was amazed at the energy of Hong Kong, as I haven't been there since I was kid in 1987. I also found the changes interesting, such as more immigrants from Guangzho, and the use of Mandarin seemed to be more prevalent, though of course Cantonese is still the standard. Hectic, lots of walking, very few breaks, which is how I prefer to travel. It went by so fast. In the end, I felt slightly overwhelmed by Hong Kong. Sure, I'm used to NY and Tokyo, but Hong Kong is so built up and aggressive that I couldn't help but feel claustrophobic .

More recently, I went to Osaka briefly. It was very last minute- my boss casually mentioned I had some vacation time coming, and I inquired with my amazing travel agent again, and she found another great deal. Osaka is a city I have never been to, other than Shin Osaka Station in transit on the bullet train. It is considered the business capital of Japan, and is much more hectic. While Tokyo is larger, Osakans are more aggressive and direct than Tokyoites. However, the main point of this whirlwind vacation was to see the Miho Museum, designed by IM Pei. It took a while to get to, I had to go to Kyoto, change trains, then take a bus, but it was gorgeous. Since all my Japanese friends and connections are in the Kanto area, more specifically Tokyo and Yokohama, I didn't contact any of them to say I would be in Japan, since I wouldn't have had time to see any of them. I didn't want to be rude, so I just kept it to myself. This was a 4 day trip, and went by in a blur.

Back here in NY, the malaise over the economy is palpable. Sure, NYers still go out and eat, though shopping and what not is greatly cut back by many, with the exception of the mega rich, of which there are many here. Most of the people in the luxury stores are Europeans, and have been for a while now. I can't say I blame them since they are getting a great rate, especially the Brits for whom it's practically 2:1, but I'm starting to get irritated when some of my work clients (Europeans) say things like 'I love NY now since it's so cheap'. I know what they mean, but it's sort of rude and insensitive. I feel like they should change their wording and say 'it's cheap for us'-- it is not cheap if your salary is in US dollars. But then again, Euro trash is Euro trash for a reason.

More updates soonJonhttp://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8838802768326647254.post-23582313910698528002007-11-15T10:28:00.000-05:002007-11-15T23:35:29.401-05:00some random stuffOk guys- I've seen that site that hosts some of my archives, but don't really feel like linking to it. In a way, starting over is a good feeling, so this post will serve as an 'about me' section. First, though, I HAVE to mention the NYC opening of the best store in the world. Muji SoHo opens tomorow (Friday 16) at noon. There's nothing else like it in the world, so check it out if you are in the area and want sleek, contemporary designed stationary, housewares, clothing, kitchen supplies, furniture, some health and beauty at a reasonable price.

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I was born in late 1978 in Japan. I am ethnically Japanese, and am adopted. My parents are 'white' Americans. My dad used to work in Tokyo in the mid 70s to early 80s, and as my parents had a hard time having a child, they decided to adopt there since it was much easier than to undergo the American adoption process. They did look into adopting in nearby Korea, but decided against it since it was more difficult due to longer waiting periods. Adoption in Japan is and was incredibly rare-- I don't mean to sound like 'I'm so special!", but it's simply not common. I think there were around 15 international adoptions in Japan the year I was born.

My birth mother was from Saitama Prefecture, much of which is a bedroom community of Tokyo. She was working class, single, and was left by my natural father. She went to a clinic in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture where I was born. The OBGYN specialized in adoptions, and was an activist in helping single mothers. He was an outspoken opponent of the stigma single mothers and their children carried on 'koseki', or family registries which contain information such as marriages (or lack thereof), education, etc. In an old post, it could be interpreted that my adoption was slighltly illegal, but it was not. It went through the courts, and all the proper documents were in order.

I became a naturalized American citizen in 1981 in Hawaii. I grew up in Westchester County, NY, went to college in New York City, and here I am.

I have a sort of love/hate relationship with NYC. I love what is available here. I love that you can be who you want to be here and people don't care. I love the accessibility of foreign food eateries and shops, the 24 hour subway, museums, cast iron buildings downtown, the whole cultural melting pot. I don't, however, like many NYers, even though I am one. The stereotypical loudness, people talking loudly on cell phones in shops, restaurants (you shouldn't even talk on your cell phone in McDonalds, in my opinion), not being able to differentiate indoor and outdoor voices, etc. I especially can't stand the 'I'll play my stereo loud at 3 AM, and if you don't like it, fuck you, it's NY, deal with it' attitude'. But, it's not like everyone is like that by any means (usually just ex frat boy yuppies), and at the end of the day, this is the place I feel the most comfortable in the world. I just try and tune out the 'entitled' mentality of some people here.

Even though I have many, many opinons and have voiced them on my blog, I'm not really a 'loud' person. Sure, I share opinions with friends, or people I feel are on the same wave length, but I'm also quite reserved. It may seem from reading this site that I tell people whatever I think whenver I want, but that couldn't be further from the truth. I'm actually quite reserved, and I'm very much a 'time and a place for everything' person. I just judge what or what not to say based on reading the person, and of course in professional circumstances, or with people like older family friends, I am quite diplomatic.

Several people have told me I have a good aura, and on hearing this, I always want to laugh. I don't exactly know what that means, and I feel that I'm often kind of tense and uptight in certain social situations. I'm very NOT new agey, hence the wanting to laugh....

I love food and cooking. For the most part, I don't have high end tastes in cooking. To me, the best foods are based on the peasant cuisine of different cultures. Of course, I do like Peking Duck, good sushi, etc :-) My favorite food when I do not have social plans, but feel like eating out is ramen, or the Japanese version of Chinese noodle soup. It's kind of like a fast food, but tastier--and no, I do not mean those instant packages you buy in the grocery store 6 for a dollar. The real stuff, baby! Rich broth of pork and chicken and soy, fatty slices of roast pork, hard cooked egg, naruto, bean sprouts, shinachiku, etc. Indian, Thai, Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese, Japanese, Malaysian are generally my favorite foods.

I'm a clean freak. I shower thorougly and vigorously. I HAVE to have a hand held shower head. The typical American style shower head that is attached to the wall is no good for me. I use what in Japan is called a 'body towel', which is semi course woven nylon cloth that gets rid of the dead skin all over your body. You can even wash your back with it and REALLY scrub hard, it feels so nice. You wet it, add soap or body wash, work up a lather, and turn off the shower so the suds don't rinse away. When done, rinse it off thorougly, ring it out, and it drys quickly. I usually toss them after 3 months or so.

However- while I love and am obsessed with showering, I have some pairs of jeans I never wash. I want my favorite several pairs of jeans to be comfy, and not be subjected to the shrinking or fading of laundry. I just febreeze them every once in a while. Stop judging me!

I'm gay and not that into the 'scene'. Sure, I go to bars and have fun, but I don't feel that being gay is that big of a deal and that I have to make it my identity. At this point in my life, I know who I am, what I like and dislike. I'm too apathetic to be any sort of activist, pride parades annoy me, and the thought of going on a gay cruise is the last thing I would ever want to do. Chelsea on a boat? No thanks.

I smoke. I try not to smoke in my apartment often, as I don't like the smell, so I'll grab my jacket and go outisde in the winter, unless it's absolutely freezing. Smokers of the world, unite! *cough, wheeze*

I love watching and going to the movies. If I had to list a few of my favorite films, they would be 'Tampopo' directed by Juzo Itami (which is focussed around ramen, yum), 'Raise The Red Lantern', 'Purple Noon', 'A Single Girl', 'All About My Mother', 'The Breakfast Club'

I get angry when people ask me if I am of Korean or Chinese background. Maybe not angry, but my face will sour.....

If I had to list my skills, I would say that it is being highly observant and being able to 'read' people. I can take things in easily and I remember things vividly from chidlhood vacations. I'm curious at knowing why different people in the world do things the way they do (sociology major). My weakness is making small talk, like on an airplane or talking to other travellers while on a vaction, for example. I get shy, feel awkward, and find it an invasion of my privacy.

Anyway, more to come. I don't want to make this post too long....Jonhttp://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8838802768326647254.post-90077369758529790272007-11-09T11:45:00.000-05:002007-11-09T12:37:36.814-05:00An explanation (or an attempt at one)I've added my blogroll and haloscan comments, which I prefer to blogger comments. Apologies for deleting the blogger comments, but I did read them. Thank you!

I'm still somewhat saddened by my hasty decision to delete my posts. I was sitting at my computer a few nights ago, trying to come up with an entry that would be entertaining, funny, insightful, sad, edgy, ANYTHING, really. I was probably staring at the computer screen for an hour, sipping ocha and smoking, practically pulling out my hair in a 'blogger's block' induced frustration. When the wave of bitterness hit me, I decided to delete it all. Fuck it, I thought. I'm tired of reading about other people's interesting lives, while I barely have enough time to come up with a new post on a semi regular basis. So, I clicked 'delete this blog', and clicked again on the confirmation. I felt strangely satisfied for a few seconds, much like a teenager deliberatly failing a class to get back at his parents. But after a few drags on a Marlboro Light and a sip on now cold ocha, I realized that my posts were in fact interesting, that I do have something to say, and that my blog is not merely a bunch of photos of hot male celebrities like those of so many gay men. I almost started crying, but there would have been no point. And, like the teenager who fails in school to make his parents angry, the one he is hurting is himself. Blogging has been a source of great enjoyment for me since the spring of 2004. I've enjoyed sharing stories from my life, ranting, describing my travels or sexual experiences in pornographic detail. Most of all, I've enjoiyed reading about your lives, not to mention meeting quite a few of you in person. So, I'm back-- while the old posts and original FMS blog are gone for good, I'm still around, this time with more incentive to write.

I'd like to take this opportunity to thank everyone for reading, commenting, and becoming my friends over the past several years. I may, in a moment of anger, have deleted my archives, but I'm not throwing in the towel. That's all for now, stay tuned....Jonhttp://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-8838802768326647254.post-11671776024509328742007-11-08T00:10:00.000-05:002007-11-08T05:55:25.389-05:00Starting OverWell, it's gone. In a moment of frustration I deleted all of my posts, not thinking to save them. I'm shocked at my behavior now that it's done, since the posts detailing the past three and a half years of my life are gone forever and nothing can be done to retrieve them. A part of me is furious at myself, yet another part of me is saying 'fuck it-- just write like you always did and don't look back'.

And that's what I'm going to do. Yes, being overworked, tired, with little time to persue hobbies or a social life left me feeling bitter, hence the deletion of my old posts. However, I won't cry over spilt milk. Give me some time to get the links and comments up and running again, and FMS will be back in businessJonhttp://firstname.lastname@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Oh Costa Rica, how I miss thee…
When I was a sophomore in high school, I somehow convinced my parents to let me fly down to central America with the Spanish club (something I wasn't a part of :). I spent my spring break in Costa Rica, and those nine days were some of the best of my life. Among the many beautiful things I saw there were butterflies! So many! Such pretty colors. My favorite must have been the blue monarchs that flew in the rain forests when we hiked (those suckers were HUGE too!). So, now that I've missed and missed that place I decided to bring it back to Arizona with me.
Butterfly nails! I think they're so cool. And from what it looks like above, I pretty much nailed it! What's cool about butterfly nails is that you can really play with the colors. For more dramatic, realistic nails stick with the black overlay and white dots. For more fun, play up the colors!
What do you think? I don't have my polishes with me right now so I can't tell you the color names, but if you're interested leave a comment and ill go look it up once Im home! Up next? My cheetah nails for graduation! I splurged and bought Zoyas flakey blue-green nail polish (Maisy! <3333), so I'm going to try to subtly incorporate that into the nails too!)


text:
"General Motors Co. has connected about a quarter of its 30,000 factory robots to the internet, and the largest U.S. automaker already is reaping the benefits of less down time." From: GM Hooking 30,000 Robots to Internet to Keep Factories Humming – Bloomberg
Connecting anything to the internet is a bad idea, but connecting robots is especially bad. Has anyone at GM heard anything about just how shitty the Internet of Things is? Probably they have, but I suspect their priorities are out of whack: "Look, first we get rid of all the workers, then we'll deal with the severe, expensive problems that automation causes, all right? Putting people out on the street is the most important goal here, and we've got to focus on that."


text:
More on Zim
Independent Online is reporting that that the MDC in Zimbabwe has decided to cut ties with the South African government due to it's lack of support for free and fair elections in Zimbabwe.
"MDC secretary-general Welshman Ncube, who was the main contact between the two, said at the weekend: "I am not available to the South Africans any longer." William Bango, spokesperson for MDC president Morgan Tsvangirai, said: "He is not talking to the South Africans either as far as I know." A senior South African foreign affairs source said the news of the MDC's decision had come as a shock."
It will be interesting to see if the SA government makes an official response to the allegations in this article.


text:
"Pet Owners Planning" and PBI Course
As a teaching aid for the Pennsylvania Bar Institute Call-In Course, "Estate Planning for Pets" scheduled for Friday, September 28, 2007, from 12 noon to 1:30 PM, I created a website, "Pet Owners Planning", available for course registrants.
A course description, with sign up information, was circulated by PBI last Friday, September 21, 2007, by email:
Call-In CLE!
Estate Planning for Pets
1.5 Total Substantive CLE Credits
Join Neil Hendershot and Professor Gerry Beyer as they explore the issues you need to know to help your clients plan for the future care of their pets. Professor Beyer is the national expert on planning for pets, as well as a recognized scholar on estate planning in general. He joins us from the Texas Tech University School of Law. This Call-In CLE will explore estate planning for pets both in Pennsylvania and nationally with a focus on Pennsylvania pet trust laws which are identical to those in the model Uniform Trust Code.
Friday, September 28, 2007; 12:00 - 1:30 pm
PBA member or member of any co. bar assn. $89/Nonmember $109
Please remember that 4 credits of the required 12 may be obtained through distance education. Distance education includes Call-In CLE, On-Line CLE and Podcasts.
Please note that only the person registered for the program may receive credit. Others may listen in, but if they wish to receive CLE credit they must register separately and call in on a different phone.
For more information about telephone seminars please see our FAQ page.
To register or receive additional information, please contact our customer service department at (800) 932-4637, or click here to register online.
Professor Beyer mentioned the course on the Wills, Trusts & Estates Prof Blog, which he authors, in a posting on September 24, 2007, entitled "Estate Planning for Pets Telephone Seminar":
On September 28, 2007, Neil Hendershot (editor of the PA Elder, Estate & Fiduciary Law Blog) and Gerry W. Beyer (Governor Preston E. Smith Regents Professor of Law, Texas Tech University School of Law) will explore this issues important to estate planning for pet owners both in Pennsylvania and nationally.
The seminar entitled Estate Planning for Pets is sponsored by PBI. Follow the link for details about the program and registration information.
The program was also mentioned by another blogger, David M. Goldman, who authors the Florida Estate Planning Lawyer Blog, in his posting dated September 24, 2007, entitled "Pet Estate Planning Seminar".
I had mentioned the need for the seminar in prior postings. See: PA EE&F Law Blog postings Learning About "Estate Planning for Pets" (07/25/07), and Pets, as Property in PA, Need Planning (07/20/07).
During the hour & a half session, Gerry & I will discuss the reasons justifying special planning for owners of pets, and the development of laws. Then we will review techniques for short-term planning (during health of the owner), disability planning (during incapacity of the owner), and long-term planning (after the death of the owner). Gerry will mention some "current events", like Leona Helmsley and her dog "Trouble". Then we will review both the "statutory" form of "pet trust" and also a more "customized" version of a "pet trust". We will finish by reviewing other provisions that can be made in testamentary documents to distribute "companion animals" into a new environment with a new owner.
I recommend that you have access to a computer when you are on the telephone, listening to the course, so you can view the online materials that Gerry & I separately prepared, and access links that we provide.
If this topic interests you (or your clients), join us this coming Friday. You can register until a few minutes before the call begins, but, if you are interested, why wait?


text:
To each of us this big word means something unique. To each relationship in our life this word implies something unique…
According to the English Dictionary the word LOVE means –
'1. A deep, tender, ineffable feeling of affection and solicitude toward a person, such as that arising from kinship, recognition of attractive qualities, or a sense of underlying oneness.
2. A feeling of intense desire and attraction toward a person with whom one is disposed to make a pair; the emotion of sex and romance.
a. Sexual passion.
b. Sexual intercourse.
c. A love affair.
4. An intense emotional attachment, as for a pet or treasured object.
5. A person who is the object of deep or intense affection or attraction; beloved. Often used as a term of endearment.
6. An expression of one's affection: Send him my love.
a. A strong predilection or enthusiasm: a love of language.
b. The object of such an enthusiasm: The outdoors is her greatest love.'
In short it should just mean –
To experience deep affection or intense desire for another.
However I have begun to see how the word Love can be and should be interpretted in dfifferent ways and how Human beings can complicate this word.
( My father always tells us most 4 letter words spell trouble…lol LOVE is a 4 letter word as well 😉 )
Through a series of posts I think I am going to try and break down this heavy term and see what it means to me and to people around me. How simple it can make things seem or how it may complicate things…..


text:
Adenylyl cyclase is a membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP. The inhibition of adenylyl cyclase was carried out by measuring the ability of the macrophage chemotactic protein-1 to inhibit the forskolin-induced enzyme activity. Measurement of adenylyl cyclase activity was performed according to the procedure described by Wiegn.
Adenylyl cyclase activity in the present macrophage chemotactic protein-1 was decreased compared to that in controls [2.11+/- 0.15(mean +/-SD.)vs. 6.83+/-0.45, activity ( µ mol cAMP/mg protein/min)].
Macrophage chemotactic protein significant reduced adenylyl cyclase activity by 79.9%.


text:
The Disappearence Of Aarin (And Her Tumblr Post That Made Us Cry)
The older readers of The Mare's Nest will have noticed that we've not mentioned The Great Knit since March time. Truth to tell, whilst last time there was little to report, this time there's been nothing to report.
On Friday 22nd April, Aarin logged in for the last time to her Steam account under her Zenmachinegun alias (without playing anything for two days).
The day before, she logged into her Twitter account for the last time after a somewhat fevered bout of activity over April including the following which included a bizarre swipe at Blighty, Social Justice Warriors (twice):
… and some far more telling elaboration about her health and economic state of not only her, but her boyfriend Martin:
Thereafter – nothing.
Despite attempts by her Steam friends to get her to get in touch, it was complete radio silence.
Her Tumblr of the same name had not been used since December 2014 anyway, as for her 6s and 7s one that we link to, she'd put into restricted access status (which buggered matters up for all non-Dumblr users but not ourselves!) back at Christmas time, despite her following easier-going-than-thou pronouncement earlier in the year:
What about Black Widows then (old joke!)?
Yes, with Aarin mentioning before that she's part Japanese on her mother's side, suppose we ought to have expected her to not like whales and dolphins:
Although Aarin's been claiming some other ethnic backgrounds on top as well…
Don't know why she just didn't admit to being ashamed at being foreign and be done with it?!
There was something rather interesting though that did come out from all this… her boyfriend may well have been working for one of the Sims series at some stage (the only EA studios local to them are of course the Sims ones…)
Could be three times soon considering the numbers currently bailing out from the sinking ship of the Glitterturd right now…
And oh, by the way, if you think her attitude to trolling's got any better…
Now the following bit could come in useful for Raiders later…
But anyway, we can here the chorus once again from you lot (same as we get about Switch-Cloverstardropper), why the plumbobs do we still bother about that's not exactly all that likeable more than a few times? Why Aarin above all the other bumnuggets down the years? Misplaced nostalgia.
No, it's because no matter how many times we've found ourselves wanting to wring her neck, there's always been something she's said that's hit home that she's a better person than she'll allow herself to be.
Read the following from her long abandoned Zenmachinegun Dumblr, and see if it moved you as much as it did us:
With all the crap there's been this year about cultural appropriation in Simming, on what you can have your Simmies using or not according to their 'race', it's ironic that Aarin's words of two years ago should resonate so strongly with what has come to pass and what Murfeel railed so rightly against in the summer.
And oh, for any of you outside of the Simming world still looking for Aarin – we found her, since you ask, on Reddit, back playing Animal Crossing: New Leaf again.
Couple this to an earlier post made over on Ask FM in February this year, and we reckon the reason for her disappearance is a simple one – her PC conking out and not being in a position to afford to get it repaired (she could easily access Reddit via her local library's free internet access).
So, another little mystery solved: and until the Great Knit and her boyfriend are back in employment we can take it as read she's going to be back to going OCD over her ACNL townies for some time yet.
At least Coco will be safe from her mistreatment this time… no CravenLestat, not that Coco, none would dare face your wrath if they did!


text:
Palestinian Christians and Moslems agree on many things, especially when
it comes to the issue of independence and the return to Jerusalem.
Accordingly, we utterly condemn any Israeli attempt to deal with us as a separate entity of alien presence in Palestine.
In the Jerusalem Post on Wednesday, October 25, 2000, there was an article claiming that the Israeli Foreign Ministry is helping hundreds of Christian families flee Palestinian Authority areas. We caution against believing such falsity. Israel, as a colonialist entity, after having become morally bankrupt and militarily impotent, is now resorting to an old colonialist tactic; to divide and conquer.
Our Palestinian unity is much stronger than any such cheap endeavor. It
is our duty as Christians to speak up against injustice and to resist it.
The New Testament tells us Do not fear those who kill the body, but cannot
kill the soul. (Matthew 10:28). It was since 1948 that Israel up-rooted
approximately 450 Palestinian villages, some of them either entirely Christian
or with a Christian population, of course not ignoring the fact that it
was criminal to up-root Moslems as well.
Throughout the conflict, Israel targeted Christians because they constitute a bridge between the Christian West and the Moslem East. St. John Monastery, near the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and the Mosque of Omar, has been confiscated.
Armed settlers are desecrating the Monastery. On the out-skirts of Jerusalem,
Gilo settlement is built on land confiscated from Beit Jala Christians.
The list of atrocities committed against Christians by Israel is endless.
In the mentioned Jerusalem Post article, Shlomo Dror, spokesman for the coordinator of activities in the territories stated that Embassies of England, Canada, and Cyprus sent cars to pick up [Christian] families from their homes granting passports to spouses and grandparents and offering financial assistance or air tickets to leave In many cases the embassies eased restrictions and granted passports.
We have the right to know from the Embassies of England, Canada, and Cyprus: How true are the Israeli claims? We certainly look forward to an explanation. We hope there can be un-ambiguous public statements regarding this matter.
As Christian Palestinians and as Arabs, we demand an immediate stop
to all Israeli lies and distortions regarding our national unity.
McGill University
3480 McTavish, Room 412
Montreal, H3A-1X9 Mailbox: B84
Tel. (514) 398-3001
Email: email@example.com
Website: www.sphr.org


text:
This year's Kepler was so so different to last year's, but at the same time more or less the same.
My build up was pretty mellow and I guess not really ideal. I would have liked to get a few more final long runs of around 3hrs in the final weeks of training, but that was not to be, instead I ended up working in my weekends around home, mostly digging holes and building a fence. I think I worked pretty much every day building the 3 weeks before the Kepler, except the Thursday and Friday right before. But while the running was minimal, what running I did was of really good quality as I was doing some climbs as fast as I ever have. I was very relaxed pre race also, unlike last year when I was probably wound a little tight.
I arrived in Te Anua on Thursday, set up camp at Queen's Reach and then met Vajin for a run from Rainboe Reach to the Control Gates. This was a super super easy 52min run. That night I had a feast, I cooked on an open fire, cut a few Celtic's and started out sleeping under the stars- before the bugs sent me into my tent. On Friday I ran easy, did the gear check and moved camp into town next to the Bixleys. I had a very restless night's sleep, but woke up ready to go!
The morning started like any race should- getting paid out by the race announcer and having 500+ people laughing at your race day clothing choice…..
It was a nice cruisy pace along to Broad Bay, with everyone you'd expect to be there, there about. Once we hit the hill I quickly passed DanC and was in 2nd behind Vajin. Marty finally caught up and went after Vajin, while Dan caught and past me and we arrived more or less together at Luxmore, in about 71mins. Ahead Marty had run Vajin down for KOM title and $500. As we ran under Mt Luxmore just before the snow, the 4 of us were all on this bit of trail at the same time, maybe 2mins from 1st-4th. It was really exciting to see Marty and Vajin swapping the lead along here and I suddenly found myself in 3rd at Forest Burn, when Dan made a pit stop. At Hanging Valley I was still in 3rd, just behind Marty and I quickly caught him here and even spotted Vajin on the first few switch backs down to Iris Burn.
It started to feel like an SRC (Sumner Running Club) Sunday long run as Marty and I chatted away. I had found the flow I was looking for and felt like I was racing, something I never felt like I did last year. We really cruised down and Dan flew past us, we arrived in around 2hr36 at Iris Burn, about 2mins behind Vajin and Dan. Marty reassured me we were running well and to just cruise to Rocky Point, even if he did drop me here! I reached RP in 39mins and left with Marty, were we still only 3mins down on first here! This was the last I saw of Marty and things turned to shit very quickly for me here. I think at this stage I had only had 2 Clif Shot Bloks and a Clif Shot Gel, with less than 1L of water. I had a full stomach right from the start, so the lack of calories more than likely contributed to me crashing hard around this point. I struggled in to Moturau Hut, apparently only 2mins down on who I am guessing was Dan. I was walking and in a lot of hurt. I looked back to see Tony Fats- a former 3rd place getter in around 5hr02- he looked to be moving very slowly but he past me and was gone very quickly. That's when it really struck me just how bad things had gotten. I waited for the train of people to flow past me. I was stoked to not lose any other places by Rainboe Reach, where my folks and nephew were waiting. My dad later told me that I looked wasted, totally vacant as I stopped and just stared at the drinks table, not really moving until my mum, who ran the first Kepler Challenge, told me to get moving and ran out of Rainboe Reach with me for about 20 meters- she could have easily kept up the whole way to the control gates! At 5km to go I tripped, fell on my face and yelled and rolled around on the trail in pain as my hamstring cramped. Amazingly no one had past me yet. I got up and shuffled on. I somehow managed to hang on to 5th place, finishing in 5hr29, about 1min faster than last year. The final 9.4km was in 52mins, the same pace that Vajin and I jogged on Thursday evening.
Vajin went on to win in just over 5hrs, with Marty 2nd in his 10th Kepler and Dan 3rd. Tony finished 4th about 6mins ahead of me.
I wasn't sure what to make of the race, but I think I am pretty happy with it. I raced this year, I was in the mix a little and left everything out on that track, sadly most of what I left was all before Iris Burn,, but no regrets.
Was a great weekend away in Te Anau and got to catch up with a heap of good mates as well as make some new ones. I think there are way too many memories and people to note, so I will not even try, but one thing that has me well excited was my 11yr old nephew saying he wants to run the Kepler Challenge! I told him in 5 years, when he is 16 I'd run the Grunt with him- now that is a "race" I am really excited about, we even did a little 20min run on some trails down in Riverton on Sunday- his first day of training for the Grunt.
Oh yeah, I have to also say sorry to the volunteers at Luxmore. I was well in the zone- look again at the photo above- and flew through the gear check without saying a word other than naming the items in my bag that needed checked. No hi or thanks. Without folk like those at Luxmore and everywhere else on the Kepler the race would not happen, the least they can get is a smile and and a thank you- so- Thank You to all those who make the Kepler happen, especially the nice lady that checked my gear at Luxmore, who, I am embarrassed to say, I was a total ass too. Sorry about that.


text:
Gringos Abroad – Dena discovers a charming little shop tucked away in a passage leading to the center courtyard of an old colonial building. Folklor Latino Artesanias sells souvenirs and unique handmade objects.
SOZ BLOG ALERT – Yesterday I received an email from GO! Overseas that South of Zero had been selected to receive a "Top Blog" award. "As recognition of your outstanding writing skills we are delighted to include your blog in a select list of websites representing Ecuador. Thank you for all the high quality content you have contributed to the global online community." Wow, oh wow, oh wow!!!
I would like to thank all my SOZ bloggers, without them I would have nothing to quip about. I am very grateful to those of you who have listed South of Zero on your blogrolls and for recommending this site to your family and friends. I never dreamed that my little blog of daily updates would grow so quickly.
I would especially like to thank my husband Steve for all his encouragement. He is the one who comes up with the new ideas to make South of Zero more than a glorified list of who posted yesterday. Daily photo, his idea. Link to the weather, his idea. Xpadorian resources, his idea. He acts as my quality control engineer checking the links and marketing analyst going over the page stats. He keeps pushing me to include more original content and expand the scope to become more than just a blog. We have some new ideas in the works, so all I can say is please keep coming back and thank you again.


text:
Joey is an astronaut in the distant future whose mission changed profoundly after crashing his ship on an unknown planet.Help him repair his ship and return to earth.
Shoot everything, explore everywhere.
It looks like you're using an ad blocker, so you'll have to wait 40 more seconds.
Please disable your ad blocker to skip the wait and help support the site.


text:
- akitty81
- 6 years ago
- Wedding: March 2013
I Love the monalisa Royal dress. However I want a ice blue wedding dress. I've been looking at having it made at one of the overseas bridal shops. I had a Mon Cheri dress made through a local bridal shop a few years ago but my fiancee and I decided to buy a house instead having doing the wedding. So now, we are finally looking to get married but I have gained weight since then!
So does anyone recommend a good place to go through that does quality work? I know I will have to get a seamstress here once I have the dress since they don't have my body there and I'm ok with that. I just don't want to spend another $1000 to $1200 on a dress when I don't have to.
Thoughts, recommendations?


text:
The most that a woman's ability in this matter – to use a daily moisturizer, but this is sometimes not enough. Will help ensure cell reviver homemade moisturizing facial mask that is a snap to prepare himself.
Why moisturizing facial masks?
As a rule, the regular use of home facial mask moisturizing skin saturated with moisture in sufficient quantities. But why do our cells need to absorb this amount of water?
1. Water – the source of oxygen, which is necessary for normal functioning of cells and breathing.
2. Water flushes unwanted substances from cell – toxins and various types of dirt.
3.Water prevents the premature aging of cells, allowing skin youthfulness, improves skin tone, helps prevent dryness and flaking.
Knowing these features of skin cells nutrition, it becomes clear how important it is for their livelihoods homemade moisturizing facial mask with its regular use.
Who needs a skin moisturizing facial mask?
In general, constant hydration is necessary to ensure that any skin type, but in certain cases it becomes necessary. Cooked in the home, moisturizing facial masks are highly recommended for use if:
- you have a dry skin type.
- peeling skin suffers, especially in winter.
- observed skin beriberi, which manifests itself in the form of a deterioration in the color of the face and the frequent occurrence of inflammation and peeling;
- the skin is constantly in a state of tightness.
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text: Here is one to be filed in the "curious" category. The us of curling and humans to sell Bic razor blades. Well worth a watch, but wrap up warm! Related blogsHow much does the average man now pay for sex?Social proof of which pint is best – Behavioural Economics in FinlandPreroll ads, crushing it!Webcast: Lifecycle Marketing – The Main Event


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Forensic Psychology and the Law, Canadian Edition
Forensic Psychology and the Law, Canadian Edition
Oct 2013
432 pages
Product not available for purchase
DescriptionIntroduction to Forensic Psychology introduces students to the theories and practices of forensic psychology within the framework of Canadian society and legal contexts. It is written from an applied and community oriented perspective, which is designed to engage students in this exciting field, while giving them an accurate view of the true nature of forensic psychology. This text emphasizes those areas of forensic psychology where professionals spend the majority of their time, be it in clinical settings, research settings, or the application of research to clinical practice. Additionally, a separate chapter was included on Children and the Law to highlight this growing and important area of research and practice in forensic psychology.
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- Introduction to Forensic Psychology
- The Canadian Legal System: An Overview
- Forensic Assessment in Criminal Domains
- Forensic Assessment in Civil Domains
- Forensic Treatment
- Children and the Law
- Juveniles in the Legal System
- Eyewitness Testimony: Memory and Identification
- Police Investigations, Interrogations, and Confessions
- Police Psychology
- Juries and Legal Decision Making
- Correctional Psychology
- This text has a unique focus on Canadian law integrated throughout, with Chapter 2 dedicated to providing an overview of Canadian law and the Canadian justice systems, both criminal and civil. This teaches students the context within which the research applies.
- Our coverage of civil forensic psychology is unique amongst our competitors. This is a rapidly growing area of research and practice for psychologists who specialize in the legal application of their work.
- There is a strong focus on the practical application of forensic psychology in the real world with real examples that give students a more accurate reflection of what careers in this field are really like.
- There is a separate chapter on Children and the Law, another growing and important area of research and practice in forensic psychology.
- New case materials have been added that are relevant to Canadian students and include critical thinking questions. These are real-world cases illustrating chapter topics and concepts.
- We have put concepts in context with case studies in every chapter and comparisons to practice in other countries and cultures.
- A section on ethics and professional issues is a key strength and distinguishes the text from our competitors.
- Each chapter begins with a chapter opening vignette – a brief, interesting example to introduce the chapter topic and engage students' interest.
- End-of-chapter discussion questions – approx. 5 to 10 questions to help students review and assess their understanding of the chapter material.
- Key term margin definitions have been added.


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Every day Ukrainian education is increasingly losing its relevance. Among friends and acquaintances is hard to meet someone working in the specialty. Higher education has long turned into a piece of plastic under the name "make it".
And what you are doing at this time officials? Change the situation and working on it? There it was, they send their children studying abroad, and Ukrainian children may continue to "not get desired education" in the country…
About this and much more, see the video editor of "Kozhen spromozhen" – Vitaly Nigmatulina.


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Any reader of the Gospels has likely noticed something about Jesus: he says some strange things. For all his oft-quoted eloquent maxims and parables, there are as many portions of his story that leave the reader scratching her head, wondering if Jesus has momentarily lost his marbles despite his divinity. He asks strange questions and gives even stranger responses to the questions others ask him.
One such moment appears in John 5, when Jesus comes upon a man who has been crippled for nearly 40 years, sitting on a mat near a pool famed for its healing properties. Deal was, the pool only healed folks when its waters were stirred by angels, and even then, only the first one in was in luck. It doesn't take a genius to guess that the crippled man's odds of being the first one in were not exactly good. There he sat, day after day for 38 years, hoping someone would help him be the first into the healing waters. When Jesus comes near the pool, he sees the man, and approaches him. He looks at the cripple and asks one question: "Do you want to get well?"
Hold the phone, Jesus. Are you nuts? This dude has been sitting on a dang mat for longer than you've been in a human body, and you wonder if he wants to get well? Is there a Greek word for "duh"?
It's funny how life can shed light on things, though. My work with the homeless has given this story a whole new depth for me in the last couple months. As one of our own clients pointed out when we discussed this passage one Sunday, Jesus asks a legitimate question. As an alcoholic, my client knows that the issue isn't whether or not he is able to get sober, but ultimately whether or not he wants to be sober. You see, despite the complaints we give, most of us have grown to be rather comfortable in our dysfunctions. It's how we do life, right or wrong. And if we are honest, we hesitate when confronted with the difficulty of changing our habits, learning new coping mechanisms, and facing the challenges of reinventing ourselves. The crippled man, in many ways, faced the same things. A healthy body meant learning to take care of himself, having to work for a living rather than surviving on alms, and generally having responsibilities from which his health had previously excused him. That's a big adjustment. Perhaps that is why Jesus asks the question: "Do you really want to be well?" [Of course, in this case the guy's answer reads something like, "C'mon, man. It's not like I'm not motivated. I just can't get down there on my own. Someone always beats me to it. Perhaps you haven't noticed, but I'm crippled." And Jesus, sensing the sincerity of his answer, heals him and sends him away walking on a brand new set of feet.]
The question I wrestle with again and again at work right now is this: What would Jesus have done if the guy had said no? "No thanks, Jesus, but I'm pretty used to this gig. Thanks anyway." What then? Would Jesus have healed him? Rebuked him? Just walked away?
Doing case management with a population who consistently befuddles me by turning down the help that could get them out of their homelessness and addiction, I often think about Jesus' question. In essence, I feel like it is what I am asking my clients: "Look, we are here to help you. But do you want to get well?" They may not say it outright (though on occasion, it's pretty close), but their reply is often "no." They don't want wholeness badly enough to leave the familiarity of their dysfunction behind. Just this week, we offered an intensely alcoholic man who was being released from the hospital a warm place to stay for a couple weeks, if only he will commit to staying sober during that time. His drinking, of course it what landed him in the hospital in the first place, as he lay drunk in a tent for days and let his feet freeze and rot. His dad has given him much the same offer we have—fly him home, take care of him—if he'll give rehab a shot. But it's a no go. This particular client does not want to get well. So what do we do with him? It is a land of grays we walk through in situations like this.
Now I know that rehab is a lot more work than the miraculous healing the crippled man received. But all the same, the question is a fair one for all of us: Do we want to get well? When we call out to Jesus to change us, heal us, save us, are we really ready for the responsibility of living out that changed life? It calls me to pause, this notion. It calls me to dig inside to see what dysfunctions I may be asking for freedom from—to picture myself laying on that mat—and to be prepared to answer the willing but searching question of my Savior: "Katie, do you want to get well?"
Monday, March 02, 2009
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Hey y'all and welcome back to the good ol' blog.
Road, Let's Travel is a fun post for me because I get to relive some of my favorite trips. That means you also get to relive what I did on my trip. I don't know about you, but I love seeing where other people shopped, stayed or ate, because it gives me future reference.
Buckle your seatbelt, because we are flying from Waco to Chicago today.
Back in December (I can't believe I'm just now getting around to posting this trip), I took a girls' trip with my mom, aunts, and 2 cousins to Chicago. Chicago is one of my favorite cities, but I had never been in the winter. Let me just tell you, it is 10x prettier in the snow. The weather might not have been ideal, but at least it made for a very pretty weekend!
Day 1 (Friday, Dec. 9)
My mom and I hopped aboard the first flight out of Waco – at 5 A.M. – to start our weekend. After taking finals Monday thru Thursday, I was ready to get out of town as soon as possible to give my mind a breather. Getting less than 2 hours of sleep is one way to do that, no?
Our flight boarded at 4:45. To make that, we needed to leave our house no later than 4:00. At 4:03, my mom frantically barged in my room. It was past the time we were supposed to leave and both of us had missed our alarm clocks. Can we talk about panicked?! Thankfully, we had both packed the night before. And, I got ready in the quickest time ever at a whopping 60 seconds! We were officially Chi-Town bound! (I was so nervous that we wouldn't make our boarding.)
The first part of the day – aside from nearly missing our flight and running on minimal sleep – was spent relaxing at my cousin's apartment. She lives in the cutest little suburb of Chicago! We toured her cute little town (D is always the best tour guide – shoutout for being the best cousin ever!) and then ate lunch at Jerry's, a sandwich shop in town. If you like heat in your food (my chicken sandwich was so spicy) and good beer, you'll enjoy this restaurant!
Once my aunts and other cousin got into town, we did some shopping. Waco is a dump when it comes to stores that you can buy cute clothes at, so, shopping in Chicago is always fun for me. That's coming from the girl who gets headaches when she shops. Not normal, right?
Backstory: We stayed at the Hampton Inn Majestic. Which was next door to Hamilton, the ever-so-famous Broadway play. As we were walking out, a worker offered our group of 8 6 tickets. I passed up a once-in-a-lifetime (literally) opportunity to see Hamilton. I am still beating myself up over this one.
To wrap up the night, we walked to and ate at Wildfire. The walk was miserable because it was so. stinking. cold. (I shouldn't complain, because right after we left the city, the temperature was -11 degrees.) But, the food definitely made up for it. The food was amazing! The cornbread was corny (like my jokes), the lemon-pepper chicken was phenomenal, and the au gratin potatoes were so good. If you're not on a strict budget, because it is kind of pricy, and are able to wait a minute, I would definitely recommend Wildfire. Oh… and be sure to make a reservation in advance!
Can you believe that I didn't take a single photograph on this day? What is wrong with me?
Thanks for coming on Day 1 of this trip with me. Check back next Thursday for Days 2 and 3!


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Having been a Constant Reader of Mr. King's for a very long time, I've been highly anticipating this collection of short stories. And I wasn't in the slightest disappointed with this presentation. Although there were a few stories that weren't new to me, Mr. King's work is worth a second read, and there were many more new ones than those previously read. He has always been a connoisseur of character development and he's at the height of his profession with these masterful characterizations.
"Batman and Robin Have an Altercation" is a heartfelt story of a man visiting his father who is suffering from Alzheimer's and the unexpected turn that a road rage incident takes. "Morality" is an insightful study of the lure that sin can sometimes have on mankind. "Herman Wouk is Still Alive" was a truly depressing but fascinating tale made more so as it was based on a true incident. Although "Under the Weather" didn't have a surprise ending as you could see it coming almost from the start, it was such a sad, moving tale. "The Little Green God of Agony" was a truly scary story with a perfect ending. In my opinion, "Summer Thunder" was one of the most touching apocalypse stories I've ever read.
I also very much enjoyed that each story was preceded by a short commentary written by the author as to his inspiration for the story. While these comments were geared toward other authors, they gave a lot of insight into the author's work.
Mr. King packs a lot of punch into each tightly drawn short story and I enjoyed each and every one of them. As usual with his work, the book went by much too quickly. Fortunately, he's a prolific author and his next book is due in less than a year. Highly recommended to those who enjoy O'Henry-type books with a bite.


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Marco Polo
Marco Polo (1254 – January 8-9, 1324) was a Venetian merchant traveller whose travels are recorded in Livres des merveilles du monde (Book of the Marvels of the World, also known as The Travels of Marco Polo, c. 1300), a book that introduced Europeans to Central Asia and China. Born in Venice, Republic of Venice. (d. 1324)
Titus Oates
Titus Oates (15 September 1649 – 12/13 July 1705), also called Titus the Liar, was an English perjurer who fabricated the "Popish Plot", a supposed Catholic conspiracy to kill King Charles II. Born in Oakham in Rutland. (d. 1705)
William Howard Taft
William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930) served as the 27th President of the United States (1909-1913) and as the 10th Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (1921-1930), the only person to have held both offices. Born in Cincinnati, Ohio. (d. 1930)
Robert Benchley
Robert Benchley (September 15, 1889 – November 21, 1945) was an American humorist best known for his work as a newspaper columnist and film actor. Benchley is best remembered for his contributions to The New Yorker, where his essays, whether topical or absurdist, influenced many modern humorists. Born Robert Charles Benchley in Worcester, Massachusetts. (d. 1945)
Agatha Christie
Dame Agatha Christie, Lady Mallowan, DBE (née Miller; 15 September 1890 – 12 January 1976) was an English crime novelist, short story writer and playwright. She also wrote six romances under the name Mary Westmacott, but she is best known for the 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections that she wrote under her own name, most of which revolve around the investigative work of such characters as Hercule Poirot, Jane Marple, Parker Pyne, Harley Quin/Mr Satterthwaite and Tommy and Tuppence Beresford. She wrote the world's longest-running play, a murder mystery, The Mousetrap. Born Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller in Torquay, Devon, England. (d. 1976)
Jean Renoir
Jean Renoir (French: ; 15 September 1894 – 12 February 1979) was a French film director, screenwriter, actor, producer and author. As a film director and actor, he made more than forty films from the silent era to the end of the 1960s. His films La Grande Illusion (1937) and The Rules of the Game (1939) are often cited by critics as among the greatest films ever made. He was ranked by the BFI's Sight & Sound poll of critics in 2002 as the fourth greatest director of all time. Born in Beverly Hills, California. (d. 1979)
Tom Conway
Tom Conway (15 September 1904 – 22 April 1967) was a British film, television and radio actor remembered for playing private detectives (including The Falcon, Sherlock Holmes, Bulldog Drummond and The Saint) and psychiatrists. Born Thomas Charles Sanders in St Petersburg, Russian Empire. (d. 1967)
Fay Wray
Fay Wray (September 15, 1907 – August 8, 2004) was a Canadian-born American actress most noted for playing the female lead in King Kong. Born Vina Fay Wray in Cardston, Alberta, Canada. (d. 2004)
Jack Woolgar
Jack Woolgar (15 September 1913 – 14 July 1978) was a British character actor working in television and film in the 1960s and 1970s. Woolgar was often cast as a dirty old tramp. Born Jack William Woolgar in Thames Ditton, Surrey, England. (d. 1978)
Margaret Lockwood
Margaret Lockwood, CBE (15 September 1916 – 15 July 1990) was an English actress who was a film star in the 1930s and 1940s and aTV star in the 60s and 70s. Born Margaret Mary Lockwood Day in Karachi, British India. (d. 1990)
Richard Gordon
Richard Gordon (born on 15 September 1921), an English writer, surgeon and anaesthetist. Richard Gordon has written numerous novels, screenplays for film and television and accounts of popular history, mostly dealing with the practice of medicine. He is best known for a long series of comic novels on a medical theme beginning with Doctor in the House, and the subsequent film, television, radio and stage adaptations. Born Gordon Stanley Ostlere.
Jackie Cooper
Jackie Cooper (September 15, 1922 – May 3, 2011) was an American actor, television director, producer and executive. He was a child actor who managed to make the transition to an adult career. Cooper was the first child actor to receive an Academy Award nomination. At age nine, he was also the youngest performer to have been nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role. Born John Cooper Jr in Los Angeles, California. (d. 2011)
Andrée Melly
Andrée Melly (born 15 September 1932) is an English actress. She appeared in many British films, including the comedy The Belles of St Trinian's (1954) and the Hammer Horror film The Brides of Dracula (1960). She played Tony Hancock's French girlfriend in two series of Hancock's Half Hour (1955-56) radio series. Born in Liverpool, Lancashire.
Henry Darrow
Henry Darrow (born September 15, 1933) is a Puerto Rican-American character actor of stage and film known for his role as Manolito Montoya on the 1960s television series The High Chaparral. Born Enrique T Delgado in New York City, New York.
Jessye Norman
Jessye Norman (born September 15, 1945) is an American Grammy award-winning opera singer and recitalist. She has also received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, and the National Medal of Arts. Born Jessye Mae Norman in Augusta, Georgia.
Tommy Lee Jones
Tommy Lee Jones (born September 15, 1946) is an American actor and filmmaker. He has received four Academy Award nominations, winning one as Best Supporting Actor for his performance as U.S. Marshal Samuel Gerard in the 1993 thriller film The Fugitive. His other notable starring roles include former Texas Ranger Woodrow F. Call in the TV mini-series Lonesome Dove, Agent K in the Men in Black film series, Sheriff Ed Tom Bell in No Country for Old Men, and the villain Two-Face in Batman Forever. Born in San Saba, Texas.
Oliver Stone
Oliver Stone (born September 15, 1946) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. Stone came to public prominence between the mid-1980s and the early 1990s for writing and directing a series of films about the Vietnam War. Other films include JFK, Natural Born Killers, and Nixon. Stone has received three Academy Awards for his work on the films Midnight Express, Platoon, and Born on the Fourth of July. Born William Oliver Stone in New York City.
Sabina Franklyn
Sabina Franklyn (born 15 September 1954) is an English actress. She appeared in the ITV sitcoms Keep It in the Family and Full House and was also in the final episode of Fawlty Towers, as well as various episodes of When the Boat Comes In, All Creatures Great and Small, Terry and June and Boon. Born Elizabeth Sabina Franklyn in London, England.
Brendan O'Carroll
Brendan O'Carroll (born 15 September 1955) is an Irish writer, producer, comedian, actor, and director, best known for portraying foul-mouthed matriarch Agnes Brown in the BBC television sitcom, Mrs. Brown's Boys. Born in Finglas, Dublin, Ireland.
Dan Marino
Dan Marino (born September 15, 1961) is a former American Football player who was a quarterback for the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL). He is recognized as one of the greatest quarterbacks in American football history. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2005. Born Daniel Constantine Marino Jr in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Jimmy Carr
Jimmy Carr (born 15 September 1972) is an English stand-up comedian, television host and actor, known for his signature laugh, deadpan delivery, dark humour, and use of edgy one-liners. Born James Anthony Patrick Carr in Hounslow, London.
Queen Letizia of Spain
Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano (born 15 September 1972) is the Queen of Spain as the wife of King Felipe VI, who ascended on 19 June 2014 on the abdication of his father Juan Carlos I. Born Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano in Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Sophie Dahl
Sophie Dahl (born 15 September 1977) is an English author and former fashion model. Dahl is the daughter of actor Julian Holloway and writer Tessa Dahl. Her maternal grandparents were the children's author Roald Dahl and the American actress Patricia Neal. Her paternal grandparents were the actor Stanley Holloway and the former chorus dancer Violet Lane. Born Sophie Holloway in London.
Tom Hardy
Tom Hardy (born 15 September 1977) is an English actor, screenwriter, and producer. He made his debut in Ridley Scott's film Black Hawk Down. Hardy's other notable films include Star Trek: Nemesis (2002), Inception (2010), Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (2011), and The Revenant (2015), for which he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor. He also portrayed Bane in the superhero film The Dark Knight Rises (2012), "Mad" Max Rockatansky in the post-apocalyptic film Mad Max: Fury Road (2015), and both Kray twins in the crime thriller Legend (2015). Born Edward Thomas Hardy in Hammersmith, London, England.
Prince Harry
Prince Henry of Wales, KCVO (born 15 September 1984), commonly known as Prince Harry, is the younger son of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Diana, Princess of Wales. At the time of his birth, he was third in the line of succession to succeed his grandmother, Queen Elizabeth II, but is currently fifth in line. Born Henry Charles Albert David in St Mary's Hospital, London.


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Possibilities are that someday in your life you will be confronted with using or buying a mobility aid product. Thanks to my discussion with medical gear provider Mike Messer, I was able to write this very educational article on manual wheelchairs, electric powered wheelchairs, and mobility scooters. Knowing the distinction between these units is imperative if you are planning a buy so we sincerely hope that this information will be very helpful.
The two principal types of manual wheelchairs are foldable frame wheelchairs and rigid style wheelchairs. Rigid frame wheelchairs possess a seat back that folds for transportation. The wheels have axles that can be rapid released making it easy to enable them to fit into a motor vehicle. Most people are able to load their rigid wheelchair into a car without aid, because they are made of lightweight aluminum and normally weigh a mere 10 to 20 lbs without wheels. Folding frame wheelchairs are standard wheelchairs or sometimes known as conventional wheelchairs. They are often heavy and sometimes difficult for a user to load into a vehicle. They are constructed with a frame which is easy to fold, but as pointed out before, these sorts of chairs may require you to need help loading them into your car.
Electric wheelchairs commonly utilize belts and gears in order to operate. They are typically quiet in their operations. Belt drive versions require more upkeep than gear drive models. These models come in all shapes and forms and greatly differ in their toughness. Light frame units usually are great for in house use while the heavy frame units fair better outside the house. There are rear wheel drive models which are the most traditional and popular. They provide inferior turning capabilities but have faster speeds. There are Front wheel drive types which provide improved and tighter turning functions. Because of the easiness of turning however, these units have a reduced speed to insure safety. Mid wheel electrical wheelchairs have the tightest turning capabilities but also have the tendency to be unsteady when halting and starting off. They use additional castor wheels and tip-over proof wheels but this may make it harder to use these on rough terrain.
Mobility scooters are the most desired type of motor-driven chair. They can be bought in three and four wheel styles and are obtainable with front and back wheel drive. They are more inexpensive than power wheelchairs and many are developed for their mobility and ease of transportation. They steer similar to a bicycle and have controls that will allow you to control acceleration. They are much lighter in weight and can be taken apart easily to transport around town. Front wheel Drive models can typically hold up to 150 lbs. and are designed more for indoor use while back wheel drive models can carry a max of 250 to 500 pounds based on the model, and can better handle the outdoor surfaces if necessary.
Thanks a lot and I hope you acquired some beneficial information from this write-up. Good luck and I hope you are ready to make an informed decision when acquiring the mobility device that is best for you.


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Hello my name is Alex and all i want from you is to help me to get my first car. I need it becouse I have a litle brother who is going to 1-st grade this septeber and we live 25 km from his nearest shool . After my dad dies i need to work 2 jobs to pay bills and when I pay the bills i have money just enough to survive . If you donate I will say thank you with some graphic design. We will appreciate if you only spread the word about this fundraiser.
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