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Setting up your workstation for extension development (build with Phing)
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This article explains one way in which you can set up your workstation for writing Joomla! extensions. It assumes that you are using Eclipse and that you are familiar with using Eclipse for working with Joomla! and Subversion. For more information about the basics of getting started with Eclipse for Joomla! development, see Setting up your workstation for Joomla! development. Note that these instructions assume you are using XAMPP version 1.7 or later.
Joomla! developers can and do use many different development tools, and there is no one way that is best for everyone. This article documents one way to use Eclipse and Phing to help streamline the process of writing and testing Joomla! extensions.
- 1 Overview
- 2 Create the Development Project
- 3 Create the Test Project
- 4 Install Phing
- 5 Create the "build.xml" File
- 6 Add Phing to the Eclipse Build
- 7 More Phing Examples
- 8 Inserting Version Control Info in Your Files
- 9 Tips
If you are writing a Joomla! extension, you have a challenge. On one hand, you need to keep the source code for the extension separate from the Joomla! source code. However, you also need to be able to run and perhaps debug the extension from within Joomla!. The problem is somewhat more difficult if you are using the Subversion (SVN) source code control system for the extension source code.
One simple way to do this is to create two separate projects in Eclipse. One project will be the "development" project. It will only contain the extension source code, and, if needed, can be controlled by SVN. The second project will be a "test" project. It will contain a full copy of Joomla! as well as a copy of your extension source code. Then we will create a Phing automatic build task that will allow us to keep the test copy of the extension current with the actual development copy.
Create the Development Project
The development project will contain the source code just for your Joomla! extension. If you are using SVN, then you will create this project in Eclipse by using File → Import → Checkout Projects from SVN. If you are not using SVN, you will just create a new PHP Project and create the appropriate folders and files for the extension. You should also have an install archive file so you can install the extension in Joomla! using the normal extension installer (Extensions → Install/Uninstall). We will see below how we can use Phing to create ZIP and "tar.az" archives automatically.
In our simple example, our extension is a plugin called "FJ Author Plugin". This has just two files called "authorunpublish.php" and "authorunpublish.xml". We also have created a zip archive file that contains these files, so we can install this extension on a Joomla! website.
Create the Test Project
Creating the test project is very easy. Just create a new PHP Project in Eclipse (in our case, called "Joomla_1.5.19_test"). Then unzip a full Joomla! zip archive into the top-level folder for this project (in our example, "C:\xampp\htdocs\joomla_development\Joomla_1.5.19_test"). Then navigate to the back end of this site and install Joomla!. (Note: If you already have a test environment set up you can just use this environment.)
Once the environment is set up, install the current version of the extension into the Joomla! test site in the normal way. In the back end of Joomla!, navigate to Extensions → Install/Uninstall, press Browse, find the archive file for your extension, and press "Upload File and Install".
- Note that this step is needed so that the Joomla! installer can add the extension to the database. In this case, a row is added in the jos_plugins table to register this plugin in Joomla!.
- Also note that, at this stage, the extension programs do not have to be working or finished. You just have to have a valid XML file for the installation and the appropriate files. The contents of the files, other than the XML file used for installation, does not matter. They can even be empty files.
- Sample XML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<install version="1.5" type="plugin" group="authentication">
<name>Authentication - Myauth</name>
<author>Joomla! Documentation Project</author>
<creationDate>May 30, 2007</creationDate>
<copyright>(C) 2005 - 2007 Open Source Matters. All rights reserved.</copyright>
<license>http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU/GPL</license>
<description>An sample authentication plugin</description>
<filename plugin="myauth">myauth.php</filename>
Install Phing
Next, we need to add the Phing program to our PHP environment. Phing is an open-source project build system based on Apache Ant. In this example, we are going to use it to automate the copying of the program files from the development project to the test project every time we build the project. Download Phing
Installing Phing is very easy.
- Go to the command line.
- Change directory to the Apache PHP folder. On my XAMPP system, it is "C:\xampp\php".
- Enter the command
pear channel-discover pear.phing.info
- Then enter the command
pear install phing/phing
- The system will download Phing. On Windows, the executable "BAT" file will be in your PHP folder (for example, "C:\xampp\php").
If phing is already installed, you may see the error "Ignoring installed package phing/phing Nothing to install" at step 4.
In some cases, the version of Phing that is included with XAMPP may not work correctly. (For example, I had this problem running XAMPP 1.7 on Windows Vista.) The symptom of this problem is that you will get an error message "No VERSION.TXT file found" when you try to run a Phing script. If this happens, uninstall and then re-install Phing as follows:
- at the command prompt, enter
pear uninstall phing/phing
- then enter
pear install phing/phing
Install Phing On Linux
You need to have pear package for php installed.
- At opensuse 11.3 run under root user:
zypper install php5-pear-VersionControl_SVN php5-pear-xml_parser php5-pear
This will install 3 packages, but I guess, php5-pear will be enough.
- Run:
sudo pear channel-discover pear.phing.info
My result was:
- pear channel-discover pear.phing.info
- Adding Channel "pear.phing.info" succeeded
- Discovery of channel "pear.phing.info" succeeded
- Run
pear install phing/phing
My result was:
- # pear install phing/phing
- Unknown remote channel: pear.phpunit.de
- Did not download optional dependencies: phing/phingdocs, channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit, pear/PhpDocumentor, pecl/Xdebug,
- pear/PEAR_PackageFileManager, use --alldeps to download automatically
- phing/phing can optionally use package "phing/phingdocs" (version >= 2.4.2)
- phing/phing can optionally use package "channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit" (version >= 3.4.0)
- phing/phing can optionally use package "pear/PhpDocumentor" (version >= 1.4.0)
- phing/phing can optionally use package "pecl/Xdebug" (version >= 2.0.5)
- phing/phing can optionally use package "pear/PEAR_PackageFileManager" (version >= 1.5.2)
- downloading phing-2.4.2.tgz ...
- Starting to download phing-2.4.2.tgz (369,282 bytes)
- ............................................................................done: 369,282 bytes
- install ok: channel://pear.phing.info/phing-2.4.2
Install Phing on OS X
- Go into Terminal
- With XAMPP you'll want to change directory to /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/bin
cd /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/bin
- Run as root:
sudo pear channel-discover pear.phing.info
My result was:
- pear channel-discover pear.phing.info
- Adding Channel "pear.phing.info" succeeded
- Discovery of channel "pear.phing.info" succeeded
- Run as root:
sudo pear install phing/phing
My result was:
- Unknown remote channel: pear.phpunit.de
- Did not download optional dependencies: phing/phingdocs, channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit, pear/PhpDocumentor, pecl/Xdebug,
- pear/PEAR_PackageFileManager, use --alldeps to download automatically
- phing/phing can optionally use package "phing/phingdocs" (version >= 2.4.3)
- phing/phing can optionally use package "channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit" (version >= 3.4.0)
- phing/phing can optionally use package "pear/PhpDocumentor" (version >= 1.4.0)
- phing/phing can optionally use package "pecl/Xdebug" (version >= 2.0.5)
- phing/phing can optionally use package "pear/PEAR_PackageFileManager" (version >= 1.5.2)
- downloading phing-2.4.2.tgz ...
- Starting to download phing-2.4.3.tgz (386,013 bytes)
- ............................................................................done: 386,013 bytes
- install ok: channel://pear.phing.info/phing-2.4.3
You can call the executable with /usr/bin/phing
Create the "build.xml" File
Next, we need to create a file called "build.xml". This file will tell Phing what we want it to do during a project build -- in our case, just copy the two plugin files from the development project to the test project.
In Eclipse, select File → New → XML and create a file called "build.xml" in the root folder of your extension project. In our example, the file will contain the following code:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="FJ Author Plugin" default="copy_all" basedir=".">
<property name="src" value="."/>
<property name="test" value="../Joomla_1.5.9_test/plugins/content" />
<target name="copy_all" description="Copies files to test project.">
<echo message="Running build.xml. Copying files from dev to test..." />
<copy file="${src}/authorunpublish.php" todir="${test}"/>
<copy file="${src}/authorunpublish.xml" todir="${test}"/>
Line 2 tells Phing that the default action to take is called "copy_all" and that the base directory for this is the current directory. Lines 3 and 4 just define the variables "src" (our current development folder) and "test" (where we want the files to be copied). Notice that "test" is set to copy the files to the "plugins/content" folder of the Joomla! test system. Of course, this will vary with different extension types. You can define as many variables as you need.
The next line creates the "target" element, in this case the default target called "copy_all". Inside the target element we have three lines. The first is just an echo command which will display the message in the Eclipse console when the build is run. The next two actually do the work. They copy the two files from the "src" folder to the "test" folder.
There are many things you can do inside a build file with Phing. See the Phing User Guide for more information. There are also complete phing build tools available through code-sharing sites such as GitHub (e.g. JoomExtBuild - a phing extension builder script). Such scripts are ideal to use as-is, to modify to meet your specific needs, and for analysis of the code in order to learn more about phing scripting.
Add Phing to the Eclipse Build
The last step is to set up the project in Eclipse so that our Phing build program is run automatically each time we build the project. To do this:
- Right-click on the project and select Properties. Then select "Builders" as shown below.
- Press New to display the Choose Configuration Type dialog shown below.
- Select Program and press OK to show the Edit Configuration dialog shown below.
- In the Name field, enter a descriptive name for the program.
- In the Location field, press "Browse File System" and browse to the location of the "phing.bat" file (for example, "c:\xampp\php" on Windows or "/usr/bin/phing" in OS X).
- In the Working Directory, press "Browse Workspace" and select the root folder of the current project.
- Note that we are not entering anything into the Arguments field. This is because Phing by default will run the file called "build.xml". Also, we specified the "copy_all" as the default task inside the "build.xml" file. So this executes by default when Phing is run.
- Click on the Refresh tab to display the screen below.
Here you have the option of refreshing the workspace after the files are copied.
Note about Eclipse Refresh: Eclipse keeps track of all local file changes. This allows it to restore files from it's local history repository. When you copy or change files outside of Eclipse (for example, with Phing), Eclipse needs to record these file changes. This is done with the Refresh command.
- Press the Build Options tab to show the screen below. Here you can choose whether to have the Phing script run "During auto builds". If you set the project up for Automatic Builds (using the menu option Project → Build Automatically), and you check the "During auto builds" option, the Phing script will be run automatically every time you save an edited file.
- Press OK and the Properties dialog should now be as shown below.
Finally, let's test that this works. The idea here is that our Phing task should run whenever we build the Eclipse project. In the PHP Explorer, right-click on the project and select "Build" (this option only appears when 'Build Automatically', found in the Project menu, is turned off). In the Eclipse console, you should see something similar to screen below.
No VERSION.TXT Error
If you get the error "No VERSION.TXT file found; try setting phing.home environment variable.", you may need to uninstall and re-install Phing. See Install Phing above for more information.
Note that, in this example, the source files in the development project were identical to the files in the test project, so we got the message "omitted, is up to date" for both. If you change one or both of these files and build the project again, you will see they have been copied.
Can't load default task list Error
If you get the Error "BUILD FAILED Can't load default task list" you may need to add the PEAR data path to the PHP include path. To do so open php.ini form your PHP installation folder (e.g. C:\xampp\php\), locate the line with the "include_path" setting and add the data folder (e.g.
include_path = ".;C:\xampp\php\PEAR;C:\xampp\php\PEAR\data
More Phing Examples
Below are some more examples of things you can do with Phing. Please keep in mind that there are many advanced capabilities that you can use with Phing. See the Phing website for more information.
Run Phing File Outside of Build
In the previous example, we ran the Phing build.xml file automatically when the Eclipse project was built. We can also run any Phing file directly from Eclipse using the Eclipse External Tools Configuration. To do this:
- Select Run → External Tools → External Tools Configuration, as shown below.
- Highlight the Program option and click on the New Launch Configuration button, as shown below.
- Fill out the Externals Tools Configurations dialog box as shown below.
- Enter a descriptive name in the Name field.
- In the Location field, again click on the Browse File System button and find the "phing.bat" file.
- In the Working Directory field, click on the Browse Workspace button and select the root directory of the project.
- In the Arguments field, enter "-f build.xml". Note that this is not strictly necessary, since "build.xml" is the default file name for Phing. However, this shows how you would run any Phing file.
- Select the Refresh tab and enter the desired refresh options. These are the same as discussed earlier.
- Select the Build tab to show the screen below. Here you can select whether or not you want to automatically build the project before running this Phing script and, if so, which projects you want to build.
- Press the Run button to actually run the "build.xml" file. You should see the same output as you did when you ran the project build.
To re-run this file, you can just select it from the list using the Run External Programs button, as shown below.
Alternatively, you can select Run → External Tools and select it from that list.
Copy From Test Project to Development Project
In some situations, it may be more convenient to write your code in the test environment and copy files from the test project to the development project. Again, this is very easy to do with Phing. In this example, we will create a Phing file in our development project called "copy_to_dev.xml" that will copy the files from our test project to the development project.
- Highlight the test project (in our example, "Joomla_1.5.9_test"), right-click, and select New → XML.
- Place the file in the project's root directory and name it "copy_to_dev.xml".
- In our example, the code for this file is the following:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="Plugin Test" default="copy_to_dev" basedir=".">
<property name="test" value="./plugins/content"/>
<property name="dev" value="../FJ Author Plugin" />
<target name="copy_to_dev" description="Copies files to dev project.">
<echo message="Copying files from test to dev..." />
<copy file="${test}/authorunpublish.php" todir="${dev}"/>
<copy file="${test}/authorunpublish.xml" todir="${dev}"/>
- This code is very similar to the "build.xml" discussed above, except that it copies in the other direction.
To run this, add a new External Tools Run Configuration by following the steps outlined in the previous section. When you get to the External Tools Configurations dialog, enter the following in the Arguments field:
-f copy_to_dev.xml. Check that the settings in the Refresh and Build tabs are what you want. For example, you may want to uncheck the "Build before launch" option if it takes a long time to build the test project.
When you run this, it should copy the files from the test project to the development project.
Alternate Copy File Syntax
Another way to use Phing to copy files is using the "fileset" property. The script below does the same thing as the "build.xml" file shown earlier.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="FJ Author Plugin" default="copy_all" basedir=".">
<property name="test" value="../Joomla_1.5.9_test/plugins/content" />
<!-- Fileset for all files -->
<fileset dir="${project.basedir}" id="allfiles">
<include name="authorunpublish.*" />
<!-- copy_all Target -->
<target name="copy_all" description="copy all files target">
<echo message="Copying files to test project..." />
<copy todir="${test}">
<fileset refid="allfiles" />
This code uses the Phing "fileset" property to select the files to be copied. With this property, you can include or exclude files using wildcards to create the list of files you need. You can read more about different Phing options at the Phing web site.
Create Archive Files In Phing
You can also use Phing to automate the creation of your extension archive files. For example, the script below creates a "tar.gz" archive using the built-in "tar" task in Phing:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="FJ Author Plugin" basedir="." default="copy">
<property name="testdir" value="../Joomla_1.5.9_/plugins/content" override="true" />
<property name="srcdir" value="${project.basedir}" override="true" />
<!-- Fileset for all files -->
<fileset dir="." id="allfiles">
<include name="authorunpublish.*" />
<!-- Copy Target -->
<target name="copy" description="copy target">
<echo>Running phing_test.xml. Copying files from dev to test...</echo>
<copy todir="${testdir}">
<fileset refid="allfiles" />
<echo msg="Creating archive..." />
<tar destfile="plg_authorunpublish.tar.gz" compression="gzip">
<fileset refid="allfiles" />
<delete file="plg_authorunpublish.zip" quiet="true" />
<zip destfile="plg_authorunpublish.zip">
<fileset refid="allfiles" />
<echo msg="Files copied and archive file created OK!" />
Notice that we can re-use the "fileset" we used for the copy task. The "tar" task creates a compressed "tar.gz" archive for our extension. The "zip" task creates a zip archive. Also note that we have a "delete" task before the "zip" task. This is because the zip task adds files to the archive instead of replacing files in the archive.
More Complex Phing Example
Here is a more complicated real-life example of a Phing script. The project is called FJEventsNews and has the following structure, typical of a simple Joomla! component extension:
Our Phing script will do two things:
- Copy each of these files to the appropriate folder in the test project (called JEvents_dev).
- Create a ZIP and "tar.gz" archive file for installation.
Here is the script:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="FJEventsNews" basedir="." default="copy_to_test">
<property name="test" value="../Jevents_dev" override="true" />
<property name="testadmincomp"
override="true" />
<property name="src" value="${project.basedir}" override="true" />
<fileset dir="./site" id="component_files">
<include name="**" />
<fileset dir="${src}" id="allfiles">
<include name="admin/*" />
<include name="language/*.*" />
<include name="language/admin/*.*" />
<include name="site/helpers/*" />
<include name="site/models/*" />
<include name="site/views/fjeventsnews/tmpl/*.*" />
<include name="site/views/fjeventsnews/*.*" />
<include name="site/views/*.*" />
<include name="site/*.*" />
<include name="fjeventsnews.xml" />
<!-- Copy Target -->
<target name="copy_to_test" description="copy target">
<echo>Copying files from dev to test...
<copy file="${src}/admin/admin.fjeventsnews.php"
todir="${testadmincomp}" />
<copy file="${src}/admin/index.html" todir="${testadmincomp}" />
<copy file="${src}/language/admin/en-GB.com_fjeventsnews.ini"
todir="${test}/administrator/language/en-GB" />
<copy file="${src}/language/en-GB.com_fjeventsnews.ini"
todir="${test}/language/en-GB" />
<echo msg="Copying site files if needed..." />
<copy todir="${test}/components/com_fjeventsnews">
<fileset refid="component_files" />
<copy file="${src}/fjeventsnews.xml" todir="${testadmincomp}" />
<delete file="${src}/com_fjeventsnews_dev.zip" />
<zip destfile="${src}/com_fjeventsnews_dev.zip">
<fileset refid="allfiles" />
<tar destfile="${src}/com_fjeventsnews_dev.tar.gz" compression="gzip">
<fileset refid="allfiles" />
This script uses the same commands we have seen in the earlier examples. It is just longer because we are working with more files. Here are some notes about the script:
- The first three property elements just define variables we will use later in the script.
- We define two "fileset" elements.
- The first one, called "component_files", is used to copy all of the files under the "site" folder to the test folder, "components/com_fjeventsnews".
- The second "fileset" element is "allfiles". We use this to create the two archive files. Notice that this uses "*.*" in some places. This is to exclude folder names. If the "*" is used, for example, in "site/*", then empty folders are included in the ZIP archive and this causes errors in the Joomla! extension install. By using "*.*", we only include files, since all of the files have extensions.
- Notice also that we can have multiple include statements. We could also use "exclude" statements if we needed them to exclude one or more files or folders.
- This file only has one "target" element, which is the default target. If we wanted, we could break this up into two or more "target" elements and execute them separately. Then we could use the command arguments
-f filename targetnameto call a specific target. For example, if we had a target in the file called "create_archive", we could enter
-f copy_to_test.xml create_archiveto execute the "create_archive" target instead of the default "copy_to_test" target.
As stated earlier, there are many more advanced capabilities of Phing which are documented in the Phing website.
Inserting Version Control Info in Your Files
If you ever edited one of Joomla's files you might certainly have noticed a comment block at the top of the file like this:
* @version $Id: index.php 10381 2008-06-01 03:35:53Z pasamio $
* @package Joomla
* @copyright Copyright (C) 2005 - 2008 Open Source Matters. All rights reserved.
* @license GNU/GPL, see LICENSE.php
* Joomla! is free software. This version may have been modified pursuant
* to the GNU General Public License, and as distributed it includes or
* is derivative of works licensed under the GNU General Public License or
* other free or open source software licenses.
* See COPYRIGHT.php for copyright notices and details.
What we are going to address here is the very first line of that block.
Note that it contains the name of the file, the build number of the last time the file was committed, the date and time of the last commit and the username of the person who committed the file.
The question is: "How can I use it in my own SVN managed extension project?"
Actually, it's quite easy to accomplish with the keyword replacement feature in SVN that we will explain here!
The first step is to put a comment block like the one above in your file. Actually, you don't have to use the same structure as the files in Joomla, but it would be better to maintain consistency and to make possible for your extension to be documented by phpDOC like the Joomla! 1.5 API Reference. But, to achieve our goal, it's enough to have a comment block like:
* $Id$
Notice the two "$" signs and the uppercase "I" letter. Place this comment block in every file you want to have the keyword replacement to take place. It doesn't matter where you put the block, but the top of the file seems to be more logical.
After placing the comment block in all the files, you are ready for the replacement to occur, but SVN won't do anything without being explicitly told to. So, let's move to next step.
For the keyword replacement to occur, it's necessary to instruct SVN through a special property named "svn:keywords". Notice that this property applies only to files, not folders, so you have to set it for each and every file you want to have the replacement to take place, just as you did with the comment block. Also, never set this property for binary files. If you do, Eclipse may behave oddly when you make a commit.
To do it just highlight the file you want to set the property for.
If the file isn't versioned yet you'll have to make it versioned to be able to set the property. For this, right-click the file and select Team → Add To Version Control. You'll see that a blue plus sign will appear at the bottom-right-hand of the file's icon. Now it's time to set the property for the file. At the bottom of the edit area, there's a set of tabs. One of them might read "SVN Properties". Select that tab, right click inside of it and select "Add a Property" from the menu. If this tab isn't showing you can always right-click the file and choose Team → Set Property.
In the window that opens just type svn:keywords for the property's name and Id (notice the capitalized I letter) in the "Enter a text property" text box. Select OK.
You're set. Next time you make a commit, right after finishing the commit process, SVN will replace the $Id$ tag in your comment block with all the information you see in Joomla! files. Also, after committing the first time, if anybody else makes a change to that file and commits it, the next time you update your working copy the changes will be reflected in the comment block.
There is a quicker way to set the property for a set of files at once. Instead of highlighting each file, highlight the folder that contains them. Then proceed as explained above with the difference that in the "Set Property" window you'll have to check the "set property recursively" select box at the bottom of the window. In this case, make sure the folder doesn't contain any binary files for the reason we mentioned before. If inadvertedly you set the property for a binary file, just select the file/files, right-click svn:keywords property in the "SVN properties" tab and delete it.
For more information about SVN properties, check Version Control with Subversion - Chapter 9
- If you accidentally overwrite or delete a file, remember that Eclipse automatically keeps a local history of all files in a project. You can right-click on any file and select either Compare With → Local History or Replace With → Local History to recover any lost edits.
- If you delete a file and need to restore it, you can right-click on a project and select Restore From Local History. This will let you recover any deleted files.
- If you have multiple Phing scripts, including a "build.xml" script, you may need to check the setting "Build before launch" on the Build tab of the External Tools Configuration. For example, if this is checked for a Phing file called "copy_to_test.xml", the "build.xml" will be run each time you run "copy_to_test.xml", which may not be what you want.
- On Windows Vista, you might see the error message "CLI Has Stopped Working". This error doesn't cause any problems, but it is annoying. This error comes from a bug in the file c:\xampp\php\ext\php_mysqli.dll that is included with some versions of XAMPP. You can correct this error as follows:
- Download the ZIP archive php-5.2.11-Win32.zip from http://us.php.net/get/php-5.2.11-Win32.zip/from/a/mirror
- Copy the file ext/php_mysqli.dll from the archive and replace the version in your XAMPP folder (for example,


text:
University of South Florida Textbooks > Electronic Commerce
Electronic Commerce 11th edition
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Own it? Sell it back
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Post your own housing listing on Uloop and have students reach out to you!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Olive Tapenades by Conserve Della Nonna
They offer two varieties of their olive tapenade: Green and Black. The Green Olive Tapenade is extremely tasty on hors d'oeuvres or with breadsticks. Allow it to transform a cold antipasto into an interesting opportunity to try out new tastes. It can also help dress a sandwich or complement smoked salmon or salted anchovies.
The Black Olive Tapenade is for connoisseurs of the Mediterranean cuisine. It has the intense taste of Taggiasca olives. Preserved in olive oil with garlic, chili pepper, and herbs, it is a quick and easy condiment for penne pasta. Of course, it is also excellent spread on Pugliesi breadsticks, sandwiches, and crostini.


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Children being spoiled by parents who refuse to take any responsibility for raising said children, and who then attempt to blame anyone and everyone around them for their child's poor development.
The mother sued the school because her precious snowflake failed all her classes, despite all the studying said snowflake didn't do, instead going to parties till 3 am every weeknight.
by Phillium March 20, 2008
buy the domain for your recipe site


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Beach Applique 4x4 AND 5x7
Digitized By:Karen McAdams Artwork By: StitchArtCafe
Designs fit in a 4x4 and 5X7 hoop unless otherwise specified.
Designs come in PES, DST, HUS, AND JEF formats.
This item is a digital file used by an embroidery machine. It is a digital download, not a physical product. THIS IS NOT A PATCH. This design is meant to be used on an embroidery machine. You must have an embroidery machine and a way to transfer files to your machine to use these designs.
You can instantly download your order after purchase. After payment is complete you will receive an email from ETSY confirming your purchase and and with a download link. You can also access your downloads by going to "my accounts" then "purchase" and click on the download button.
Due to the electronic nature of the product you are purchasing, refunds are not offered. If you receive a damaged file, I will exchange it for another one in a new format. I am not responsible for the design if you resize it or edit it in any way.
Files are zipped and you will need to unzip the folder and extract the files. If you have any trouble with downloading or unzipping, please email me and I will send the file to you and try to help you. Resizing or editing of the designs is not recommended and I can not guarantee the quality of the designs if you alter them in any way.
All our design are copyrighted and protected by United States copyright laws and by international agreements. You may use my design on products for personal use, on handmade items to sell, and on gifts. You may not sell or share my designs.
Your files will be available to download once payment is confirmed.
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.


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Volunteer Moderator
AZGman wrote:George Fox
Fox Trot
dontwantaname wrote:Fox Trot
trot along
pooflady wrote:trot along
along came
dontwantaname wrote:along came
came close
pooflady wrote:came close
close quarters
GodfatherND wrote:close quarters
quarter horse
pooflady wrote:quarter horse
horse collar
GodfatherND wrote:horse collar
collar stays
AZGman wrote:collar stays
stays put
stacipurv wrote:stays put
put down
olcubmaster wrote:put down
down yonder
pooflady wrote:down yonder
yonder hills
AZGman wrote:sheesh!
yonder hills
hill people
dontwantaname wrote:hill people
people mover
GodfatherND wrote:people mover
moving pictures.
dontwantaname wrote:moving pictures.
picture frame
stacipurv wrote:picture frame
framing square
AZGman wrote:framing square
square dance
olcubmaster wrote:square dance
dance floor
AZGman wrote:dance floor
floor show
olcubmaster wrote:floor show
show stopper
fox hunt
silver lady wrote:fox hunt
hunt test
GodfatherND wrote:hunt test
test subject
AZGman wrote:test subject
subject closed
stacipurv wrote:subject closed
closed mind
AZGman wrote:closed mind
mind meld
olcubmaster wrote:mind meld
MELD Score
stacipurv wrote:MELD Score
scored wood
AZGman wrote:scored wood
wood chip
lplady wrote:wood chip
chip dip
dontwantaname wrote:chip dip
dip stick
pooflady wrote:dip stick
stick shift
GodfatherND wrote:stick shift
shift change
lplady wrote:shift change
change sides
dontwantaname wrote:change sides
side salad
AZGman wrote:side salad
salad days
olcubmaster wrote:salad days
days wages
stacipurv wrote:days wages
wages war
AZGman wrote:wages war
was games
View All →


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Cushion Cover, 50x50cm (20x20in)
New Baroque Chocolate Brown
Soon to be discontinued - be sure to shop while stocks last! A pattern in 100% cotton by our in-house designer Katarina Wiklund, who brings an innovative, fresh and vibrant aesthetic to Bemz fabrics. Made in Europe.
Katarina Wiklund
Fabric Characteristics
100% Panama Cotton
- Stain-protected
- Pre-shrunk
- Martindale result: 25,000
- Fabric width: 155 cm
Care instructions
Machine wash 60℃, do not tumble dry, line dry, dry in the shade, ironing temp high, no bleach
Washing temperature 60 No tumble Line dry Dray In Shade Ironing temp high No bleach
Filter by Fabrics Colour Designers
- Price Low - High
- Price High -Low


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Slim Fit Stretch Cotton Shirt
€295.00 €295.00
€150.00 €150.00
All orders will be fulfilled by Burberry Limited and shipped from the UK. When you place your order, you accept Burberry's Terms and Conditions and confirm that you have read our Privacy Policy.
Size Guide
Use the Size Guide to choose the best fit for your measurements.
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In this window, you can contact customer service for further assistance.
- A slim fit shirt in Italian cotton poplin, woven with elastane for comfort and lasting shape. The design is tailored close to the body with fine single-needle construction and has a point collar.
- The design is available in two sleeve lengths. SF sizes are 3cm shorter in the sleeve.
- 78% cotton, 18% polyamide, 4% elastane
- Buttons: mother-of-pearl
- Adjustable button cuffs
- Point collar
- Side gussets
- Machine wash
- Imported
Item 39832301
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Menopause is the natural end to menstruation. Menopause can start as early as 40 years old or as late as 60 years old. If menopause occurs prior to age 40, this is thought to be abnormal and is called premature menopause.
Menopause is the result of the depletion of egg cells from the ovaries and the reduction of female hormones. Menopause is considered complete when you have been without your period for a full year. Rather than a single point in time, menopause is a process or transitional period when women move away from the phase of life where reproduction is possible.
Menopause is a normal part of life. It marks the end of a long, slow process that begins when ovaries begin to produce less estrogen and progesterone. These female hormones are both important for normal menstrual cycles and successful pregnancy. Surgery to remove the ovaries, called an oophorectomy , in premenopausal women causes menopause to begin prematurely. This is known as surgical menopause.
In addition to its role in reproduction, estrogen is an important hormone for maintaining bone health. It may also play important roles in heart health, skin elasticity, and brain function.
- May begin 3-5 years before your last menstrual period
- Lasts about one year after your last menstrual period
- Signs and symptoms may appear during this phase
- Complete cessation of menstrual periods
- You have had no menstrual periods for one year, undergo surgical menopause, or have a blood test confirmation of menopause
- Childbearing is no longer naturally possible
- Begins after your last menstrual period
- You no longer menstruate.
- The risk of certain health problems increases. These health problems include heart disease and osteoporosis.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review BoardKim A. Carmichael, MD
- Review Date: 03/2017 -
- Update Date: 03/15/2015 -


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Used to describe an individual that has surpassed their youth. Also described an individual who has reached a certain age when testicles begin to sag. Describing someone as "ol' balls" would be similar to describing someone who is old.
My husband is such an ol' balls. All he wants to do is stay at home and watch the evening news. I am looking into purchasing a nut bra, just to get him out of the house.
by Michelle Zindowsky May 11, 2009


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Hollywood asks lawmakers for tax incentives
By LAUREN GAMBINO
Of the Associated Press
SALEM — Fake snow fell on the Capitol steps and an Oregon senator got a Hollywood-style makeover Thursday as film crews trouped to Salem in a bid to persuade state lawmakers to bump up spending to lure filmmakers.
Actors and executives from NBC's "Grimm," TNT's "Leverage" and IFC's "Portlandia" — all filmed in Portland — were on hand for the high-tech show and rally.
"This is an industry that's perfect for this state," Gov. John Kitzhaber told industry supporters who gathered at the Capitol. "It's a clean industry, it's a green industry, it's a union industry ... and it's going to be a real job creator for us now and in the future."
The Legislature is considering a bill that would double the funding available for production crews that make movies and television shows in the state. Producers said state incentives weigh heavily in their decisions about where to film new productions.
Chuck Sheketoff, director of the left-leaning Oregon Center for Public Policy, said the state's investment would be better spent on programs affected by automatic federal budget cuts — not the film industry.
"I hope our legislators are not wowed by the glitter of Hollywood," Sheketoff said.
The fake snow, Sen. Ginny Burdick's makeover and the set installed outside the Capitol were intended to highlight the variety of workers needed on a film set.
Kitzhaber proposes doubling spending on film and video incentives to $12 million a year and allowing video game and post production companies to apply for funding. The measure has passed a House committee and is awaiting action in the Joint Tax Credits Committee.
"If the caps are raised, literally the next morning production will flood here," said Dean Devlin, executive producer of "Leverage," a drama series about a team of do-gooders who fight corporate and governmental corruption. The show was canceled last year.
Devlin said the state tax incentives persuaded him to film in Oregon instead of Vancouver, British Columbia, which is known for valuable film incentives.
The Legislature voted two years ago to extend the film and video tax credits until 2018, but they cut the value from $7.5 million a year to $6 million.
The Oregon Production Investment Fund reimburses filmmakers and production crews up to 10 percent of what they spend on wages and benefits for Oregon-based workers, and 20 percent of other expenses incurred in Oregon. Production companies must spend at least $750,000 in Oregon, and the cash rebates are limited to the total funds available.
The legislation would require production companies to spend at least $1 million in Oregon, up from $750,000 they have to spend now.
Money in the fund comes largely from individuals, who get a tax credit to offset their donations.
Industry supporters say the expanded film incentives would create production jobs and lure Hollywood stars to local hotels and restaurants.
"I'm a specialist and there's not enough work for me to be full-time," said Christina Kortum, a special effects makeup artist in Portland.
Kortum, who has worked on shows such as "Grimm," is certain she'd have more work — and possibly a full-time job — if lawmakers agreed to expand tax incentives for film and productions companies.
"If this passed, I'd be able to work full-time," Kortum said, as she worked on an ape-like mask that her husband had on as part of a sasquatch costume.
In 2011, $110 million was spent on projects that qualify for the film incentives, according to a legislative staff report.
Rep. Jules Bailey, a supporter of the measure, said it's a point of pride for him to see Oregon appear on the big screen.
"The first time that I saw 'Portlandia,' it took me a little bit of time to realize that I wasn't watching a documentary about my district," the Portland Democrat quipped. "I'm really happy to have that show filming in the community."


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Aisha Hashmi sat in the floor and sobbed Thursday when she saw a photograph of the newly discovered skeletal remains of her sister and niece who went missing 21 years ago in a case that is connected to Lincoln County.
Aisha Hashmi sat in the floor and sobbed Thursday when she saw a photograph of the newly discovered skeletal remains of her sister and niece who went missing 21 years ago in a case that is connected to Lincoln County.
On May 29, 1992, Hashmi's sister, Wendy Camp, 23, along with Camp's daughter, Cynthia Britto, who was 6, and Camp's sister-in-law, Lisa Kregear, 23, disappeared, with the last reported sighting of them occurring at the Walmart in Chandler.
Foul play was suspected in their disappearance, but the search for the missing three grew cold until a recent tip led investigators to conduct a dig on a rural property near Jennings in Pawnee County. There, the remains that are believed to be those of the missing trio were unearthed.
Investigators on Thursday arrested a Bristow man on an accessory to murder complaint in this case, but more arrests are expected as the triple homicide investigation continues.
While the discovery after all these years is somber news for the families, Hashmi, who now lives in Texas, said she's relieved their remains have been found.
"This is something I've waited 21 years to hear," Hashmi said, although she admits the gravesite photograph was tough to view.
"It really hit me hard…I was sitting in the floor, sobbing," Hashmi said. "I was crying bad."
The photograph of the remains was part of a news conference Thursday where authorities, including Pottawatomie/Lincoln County District Attorney Richard Smothermon, discussed the case.
"Twenty-one years ago, these two women and this 6-year-old child were murdered and buried under 8 feet of dirt," Smothermon said, adding that it's time for justice in this case.
While Hashmi has submitted a sample of her DNA and they are awaiting a positive match, authorities with the Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation and Hashmi are confident the remains are those of Camp, Britto and Kregear based on the clothing found on the remains.
"I'm 100 percent — a million percent — sure it's my family," Hashmi said.
"It's hard, but by the same token, we've been waiting 21 years to know what happened — we finally have answers," she said. "Not knowing where they were is a million times worse.
"In our hearts, we're hoping they didn't suffer," Hashmi added.
Authorities said a tip on where investigators could find the bodies resulted in OSBI agents, Creek County investigators, and personnel with the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner to begin digging at the rural area near Jennings on April 15. The next day, investigators uncovered remains of two adults and one child. Clothing still on the bodies matched the descriptions given at the time the missing persons reports were filed.
As part of this case, OSBI agents on Thursday arrested Grover Prewitt, Jr., 60, of Bristow, on a $500,000 warrant for a felony charge of accessory after the fact, first-degree murder. That case has been filed in Creek County.
The OSBI said he was arrested for "his role in concealing the fact the three had been murdered and their bodies dumped in an eight-foot-deep hole originally dug for a septic tank."
The land where the bodies were found was originally owned by Prewitt, according to the OSBI, and at the time of the murders, he reportedly sold his mother five of his 40 acres of land, with the bodies found in that five-acre tract that was later sold.
The three victims disappeared during a 1992 trip from Oklahoma City to Shamrock, Okla., to visit Wendy Camp's young son, who lived in Shamrock with his father, Chad Noe, the OSBI reported.
His mother, Beverly Noe, who is also reported to be Prewitt's sister, drove the three to and from Shamrock, the OSBI reported, and claims she dropped them off at the Walmart in Chandler.
The victims were never seen or heard from again.
The OSBI believes several others besides Prewitt are involved in the homicides and is offering up to a $5,000 reward for information leading to the arrest and conviction of those involved.
For Hashmi, that can't happen soon enough.
"Until we see them in jail, there will be no closure," she said.
For now, though, Hashmi is grateful the remains have been found.
Hashmi described her sister as a "Straight-A" student who had a passion for horses and wanted to become a veterinarian. She said her older sister was her defender, her protector. Hashmi, who said she babysat her niece, said Britto was in the first grade at the time the three disappeared.
Over the past 21 years, Hashmi has been busy raising her three children but said she kept up searches and awareness about the missing persons case any way she could.
"I told my sister — in my heart — that I would never quit missing you and looking for you," she said.
Their father died in 2006 and never had any closure in knowing what happened, she said, but their mother, Jackie Taylor, of Guthrie, is relieved by the latest developments.
"It's a blessing — now I have some answers," Taylor said. "I'm finally going to get to bring them home."
And while their bones and clothes were found in Pawnee County, Taylor said, "I know in my heart they're in heaven."
Now the families are making plans for a proper burial.
Hashmi said her family, as well as Kregear's brother, who resides in Kansas, seem to agree that the three, who've been together in death all these years, should remain together in their final resting place and share one headstone.
Because they all agree, "God has already put his hands on us — God is giving us comfort," Hashmi said.
Anyone with further information about this case is asked to the call the OSBI hotline at 1-800-522-8017.
Watch for updates.


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Linked by Thom Holwerda on Mon 18th Aug 2008 23:33 UTC, submitted by Charles Wilson
GoboLinux is a distribution which sports a different file system structure than 'ordinary' Linux distributions. In order to remain compatible with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, symbolic links are used to map the GoboLinux tree to standard UNIX directories. A post in the GoboLinux forums suggested that it might be better to turn the concept around: retain the FHS, and then use symbolic links to map the GoboLinux tree on top of it. This sparked some interesting discussion. Read on for more details.


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Need a Blood Testing Lab in San Tan Valley, AZ? Simply order online and get tested at a Blood Testing Lab in or near San Tan Valley, AZ (Find More Locations):
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text:
Paul J. Boyles, 92, of Reynolds and a resident of Amber Ridge Assisted Living in Moline, passed away Saturday, March 9, 2013 at Trinity Medical Center, Rock Island.
Paul J. Boyles, 92, of Reynolds and a resident of Amber Ridge Assisted Living in Moline, passed away Saturday, March 9, 2013 at Trinity Medical Center, Rock Island.
Visitation will be 3-7 p.m. Tuesday, March 12, 2013 at Wheelan-Pressly Funeral Home, Milan, with a rosary recited at 3 p.m. A Mass of Christian Burial will be held Wednesday at 10 a.m. at St. Pius X Catholic Church, Rock Island with a luncheon to follow. Burial will be in St. Joseph's Cemetery, Preemption Township. Memorials may be made to St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, St. Catherine's Catholic Church, Aledo or St. Pius X Catholic Church, Rock Island.
Paul was born on April 28, 1920 in rural Mercer County, the son of Guy F. Boyles and Eliza A. Lucas. He graduated from the former St. Joseph's Catholic High School in Rock Island in 1938 where he quarterbacked his football team to win the 1937 City Championship. He married Louise Murry on Feb. 7, 1945 in Ottawa. She died in April, 1990.
Mr. Boyles and his brother Francis farmed as "Boyles Brothers" south of Reynolds, in Perryton Township, Mercer County. He was a member of St. Catherine's Catholic Church, Aledo.
Paul was a life-long sports fan, especially his beloved Fighting Irish and the Four Horsemen of Notre Dame. He loved spending time with his family and friends.
Survivors include his children and spouses, Kathee (Steve) Seiver, Paul Boyles Jr., Lawrence (Vicki) Boyles; 6 grandchildren, Jennifer (Jackson) Bartnik, Laura (Jackson) Nikolay, Alex Seiver, Tom Boyles, Paul Boyles III, and Sara Boyles; four great grandchildren and a sister, Helen Boyles.
He was preceded in death by his parents, his brother Francis, his wife Louise and daughter Rita C. Jackson.


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« Back to people
Tak CheungAlumni, Class of 2013
Tak Cheung graduated from Parsons The New School for Design in 2003. In the Fall of that year he started working at Truck Product Architecture / Rogers Marvel Architects. For a little over 5 years he worked on architectural projects along with furniture and product designs. In 2009 he recieved a one year scholarship at Fabrica, The Benetton Group Communications Research Center in Treviso Italy, designing everyday products. After that year, he freelanced in several design firms in NYC before starting ITP.
Although not much yet, you can check out what he\\\'s up to at:
|City of Origin:
|Hong Kong
|Current residence:


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Platform GamesSort by:
We have collection of 1043 of Platform Games for you to play online. The best part is that you can play it all online for free. We have fun Platform Games for the entire family. Gather around your choice of desktop, tablet, or mobile device and enjoy some awesome games. All games are developed with Flash, Shockwave, Unity 3D, WebGL, or HTML5. Browse through our collection and see what amazing Free Games you'll discover. If you like a game, give it a thumb's up and add it to your favorites. New Platform Games are added regularity. We provide PC gaming right on your web browser. We strive to bring you the best online gaming experience. Here you are viewing the games 1 - 54 on the list. Here is some recommendations: Light Platinum, Run 3, Kirby & the Amazing Mirror, and SuperFighters 2. These games include computers games for both your PC or mobile device as well as some Platform games apps for iOS and Google Andriods phones and tablets↑


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The act of some something ridiculous, ugly, horrible, petty, stupid, and/or just simply `ugh' because of bad character traits. This can also simply be the combination of the words ratchet + activity= ratchetivity.
"Ugh, there was turd sitting in the hallway at school today!"
"What! That's ratchetivity at its finest!"
"What! That's ratchetivity at its finest!"
by Don't_Worry_About_Me_Bitch April 05, 2013
1 (n:) "RA-CHE-TIV-ET-EE" - The ritualistic acts and or behavior displayed by individuals whom posses a descripted caliber of circumstantial judgment and morale, much less than that of an on-looking witness giving account of said activity; to be witnessed at no particular time, location, and without notification.
Person 1: "SHEESH!! I understand they messed up her order, but the ratchetivity was unnecessary.
Person 2: Right! entertaining as it was, you just don't stand on counters yelling obscenities to the employees. Have some class.
Person 2: Right! entertaining as it was, you just don't stand on counters yelling obscenities to the employees. Have some class.
by Ellis Duquesne March 04, 2014
Creativity for doing ratchet things. Being creative when thinking about ways to get ratchet.
"Let's get drunk on the roof and throw shit at cars" "Dude you have so much ratchetivity."
by Wanderlusttttttttt February 16, 2014
by Dreads65 May 06, 2013
Girl, Don't make me express my ratchetivity !
by psychosexy November 04, 2013


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Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C
Thomson Course Technology, 2006 - Computers - 1156 pages
The third edition of Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C continues to present both computer science theory and C-language syntax with a principle-before-implementation approach. Forouzan and Gilberg employ a clear organizational structure, supplemented by easy-to-follow figures, charts, and tables. The new edition has been thoroughly updated to reflect the new C99 standard, and includes a revised chapter sequence to better aid student learning.
From inside the book
80 pages matching example in this book
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Introduction to Computers
Introduction to the C Language
Structure of a C Program
35 other sections not shown
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Common terms and phrases
algorithm allocated assignment binary file binary search bitwise bubble sort bytes calculate called function Chapter char character checksum compile error concept constant contains continued PROGRAM conversion code create data type Declarations int defined delete demonstrates digits element enter enumerated type evaluated example expression false fgets flag float format string ftell function call function declaration getData hexadecimal include stdio.h increment initialize input/output insert insertion sort int main void integer keyboard logic loop main Results malloc memory module node null null character num2 operand output parameter pass pList printf printf("Enter problem pseudocode queue random number scanf score selection sort shown in Figure shown in Program sort specified stack statement stored strcmp strcpy strtol structure chart structured programming student subtree switch statement text file true update valid whitespace Write a function Write a program zero


text:
Opis artikla
The Deluxe version of the Fox goggles has photochromic lenses that are made from a special, durable, photosensitive organic material. These lenses are able to adapt extremely quickly to different lighting situations and then return just as quickly to their original condition.
This is a perfect solution for those people who are sensitive to the light and that want a pair of goggles that are ideal for both indoor and outdoor use.
The special lenses also offer excellent protection against UV rays and have particularly resistant, internal, anti-fog treatment.
The other features are identical to those of the Fox goggles.
Available in the Large version only (normal).
Izdelek si lahko ogledate na straneh CRESSI.


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This article, Uchiha Clan, is canon and uses Creative Commons licensed content from our mother site, Narutopedia's Uchiha Clan article.
The list of authors can be seen in the page history there.
This clan, Uchiha Clan, requires anyone who wishes to use it to fill out an application and place it on the copyright holder's wall. The application form can be found at the bottom of the page.
|Uchiha Clan
|Uchiha Clan
|Uchiha Ichizoku
|Literal English
|Uchiha Family
|Hansha Uchiha
Sigma Uchiha
|Kekkei Genkai
| Sharingan
Mangekyō Sharingan
Blaze Release (Extremely rare)
The Uchiha clan (うちは一族, Uchiha Ichizoku; ; ; ) was one of the four noble clans of Konohagakure,[1] and was also reputed to be the village's most powerful clan,[2] producing shinobi that were exceptionally talented and battle-oriented. Together with the Senju clan, they founded Konohagakure, but is now almost extinct after the events of the clan massacre.
The Uchiha clan descended from the elder of the two sons of the Sage of the Six Paths. The elder brother inherited the Sage's "eyes", powerful chakra and spiritual energies. When it came time for the Sage to choose a successor, he questioned the two on what course of action they would follow to bring order to the world. The elder believed that power was the way to bring peace, while the younger believed love was the way. The Sage favoured the ideal of the younger brother, and therefore designated the younger as his successor, causing the elder to be filled with jealousy and hate.[3] From this hate came what Tobi calls the Curse of Hatred (憎しみの呪い, Nikushimi no Noroi; ; ; ). From the younger son descended the Senju clan who would be the eternal rivals of the Uchiha.[4] However, the Uchiha suffered another more dangerous curse: a passionate love that can become a bottomless well of despair the moment the one they care for most is dead.
Before the founding of the ninja villages, the Uchiha were one of the many mercenary clans for hire. Because of their Sharingan as well as battle prowess, the Uchiha clan came to be known as one of the two strongest clans, the other being the Senju clan. Madara Uchiha was particularly powerful, and, upon attaining the Mangekyō Sharingan, took control of the clan. Under his leadership the Uchiha grew stronger, conquering whatever clans they came upon, such that, whenever the Uchiha clan was hired for a job, the opposing side would hire the Senju, and vice versa.[5][6]
Some time before Konoha's founding, some members of the Uchiha clan began to willingly surrender, realising that they were outclassed by the Senju.[7] The Senju later grew tired of the endless fighting, and approached the Uchiha clan with a peace treaty once again. Though rejected time and time before as Madara feared that an alliance would ruin the Uchiha, he willingly accepted after witnessing Hashirama's resolve[8]. The two clans came together to form Konoha, with Hashirama Senju, leader of the Senju clan, being selected as Hokage. Madara believed that this was proof that the Uchiha would be made subservient to the Senju, but his clan saw this only as his attempt to rekindle the flames of war. They turned their backs on him, and he defected.[9]
Following Madara's betrayal, having gone into hiding after faking his death in the battle against Hashirama, the Second Hokage Tobirama Senju gave the Uchiha control of the Konoha Military Police Force as a sign of trust. However, this was really just a way of keeping the Uchiha's emotions in check so the village would not end up with another Madara. Over the years, some Uchiha, such as Setsuna Uchiha, came to realise their ostracism and believed that they were being purposely kept out of Konoha's governing affairs. Though Setsuna and his followers tried to rebel against the village as Madara did, they found that it was too late to make a difference, as the Senju had already completely suppressed the Uchiha.[10] Despite Tobirama's attempts, it only caused a greater rift between the Uchiha and the village. The matter grew worse when a young Obito Uchiha, presumed dead at the time, witnessed the death of Rin and become a follower of Madara's ideals.
- Main article: Uchiha Clan Massacre
Years later, after the Nine-Tails' Attack on Konoha, Konoha began to suspect that an Uchiha was behind the attack because of their ability to control the Nine-Tails with their Sharingan.[11] Tobi stated that the clan was forced to live in a corner of the village, ostracised from the rest of the community, and placed under heavy surveillance.[12] This gave birth to ill-will amongst the clan and the Uchiha interpreted this as confirmation of what Madara had warned them of years earlier, and began to plan overthrowing the village.[13] Template:Itachi disagreed with his father who was the then leader of the clan and militia Fugaku's coup d'état plan, and informed Konoha's leadership of what the Uchiha were up to. Shisui Uchiha, who had been told to keep an eye on his best friend Itachi also disagreed with the clan's plan and joined Itachi in his mission to put a stop to it. He attempted to used the ability of his Mangekyō Sharingan: Kotoamatsukami to stop them, but once again, Danzō, determined to protect the village the only way he saw possible, stole Shisui's right eye from him. After this, Shisui met with Itachi and saddened that he had failed to stop the clan, gave Itachi his left eye before Danzō came after it as well, telling him to protect the village and the name of the Uchiha. The Third Hokage, Hiruzen Sarutobi who had disagreed with the treatment the Uchiha were receiving, tried to negotiate for a more peaceful solution, but as time passed and that strategy seemed to be getting them nowhere, Danzō took matters into his own hands and inveigled Itachi to commit the genocide with threat of his clan's actions creating another war and innocent children, such as his little brother, becoming a casualty.[14]
Within one night, the entire clan was slaughtered with only one known Uchiha left alive: Itachi's younger brother, Sasuke. Sasuke would spend the next few years trying to avenge their family by killing Itachi, something Itachi had planned from the very beginning. After accomplishing this goal, Sasuke learned of Tobi's existence. Tobi, who is in fact Obito Uchiha, another survivor of the clan who was also the one behind the Nine-Tails' attack, told Sasuke about the Uchiha's history and why Itachi had wiped out the Uchiha, prompting Sasuke, with Tobi's help, to resolve to destroy Konoha.[15] Sasuke would later be shown the truth by Itachi himself after he was reincarnated.[14]
The Uchiha were famous for their powerful chakra, exceptionally strong techniques, and natural aptitude for anything combat-related. The clan possessed an innate aptitude for Fire Release nature transformation, with even the youngest of members able to use it from just observation.[16] As such they have created several and use this nature transformation more skilfully than any other.[17] Their signature technique was the Fire Release: Great Fireball Technique.[18] Clan members were not recognised as adults by the rest of the clan until they could successfully use this technique.[19] The Uchiha were also highly known for their mastery of ninja tools. They themselves invented many shuriken move sets which required the use of thin metal wires, one example being the Windmill Triple Blades technique. They were apparently also somewhat skilled in barrier ninjutsu, having created the Uchiha Flame Battle Encampment which, still holding to their natural affinity for fire, created a barrier that burned whatever came in contact with it.
The Uchiha clan were most feared for their powerful Sharingan, a kekkei genkai which gives them the ability to see the "colours" of chakra, allowing them to analyse and copy their opponent's skills, along with a number of other abilities. Only a select few members of the Uchiha clan manifested the Sharingan. Due to their natural affinity for battle, and their proficiency with ocular genjutsu, many ninjas considered it more tactically favourable to flee rather than face an Uchiha shinobi in one-on-one combat.[20] Among the techniques granted by the Sharingan, the Izanagi and Izanami are deemed to be forbidden, due to their effect of rendering the user blind in exchange for creating genjutsu capable of escaping death or trapping the opponent without failure. Though the clan was feared for their Sharingan, the eyes have also been transplanted into various characters outside the clan.
Madara and Izuna were the first two Uchiha to awaken an advanced form of the Sharingan known as the Mangekyō Sharingan, which can be activated by the pain of losing close friends or family members. However, frequent use of the Mangekyō Sharingan deteriorates the user's eyesight and results in blindness. Only by taking the eyes of a sibling can one's vision be restored, a process that results in the creation of an Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan (永遠の万華鏡写輪眼, Eien no Mangekyō Sharingan; ; ; ). Itachi indicated that the intricacies of the Mangekyō Sharingan were only discovered after decades of trial and error, implying that many Uchiha throughout history had made the attempt to gain the Mangekyō Sharingan.
One member of the clan, Madara, had managed to awaken the Rinnegan.[21] After he stole and integrated Senju DNA into his body, he noted that the dōjutsu did not manifest until he was nearing the end of his natural lifespan.[22]
- Uchiha is another way of pronouncing "uchiwa" (団扇, fan; ; ; ), which is the Uchiha clan symbol. Uchiwa can be used to fan flames, making the flame hotter — referring to the fact that the Uchiha is a clan of fire techniques users.
- Attire-wise, the Uchiha have always favoured high-collared outfits with their clan's symbol proudly emblazoned on the back. Over the generations, their attire has changed with their attire initially consisting of a dark coloured mantle along with pants, which later became simple shirts and pants, all the while retaining the high collar.
- Most of the powerful techniques exclusively used by the Uchiha (Tsukuyomi, Amaterasu, Susanoo, Izanagi, Izanami and Kotoamatsukami) are named after Shintō deities from the Japanese creation myth.
- Most of the clan members tend to wear a black high-collared shirt with the Uchiha clan symbol on the back.
- Itachi, Sasuke, and Obito are the three Uchiha that remained after the massacre, and all three eventually became affiliated with Akatsuki and like Madara and his brother Izuna, awoke the Mangekyō Sharingan.
- In the earlier stages of the series, Kakashi stated that there are rumours the Uchiha clan's Sharingan was derived from the Hyūga clan's Byakugan.[23] However, Kurama is the only one to know the full truth about the Uchiha clan yet appears to have no intention of revealing what it knows.[24]
- According to Obito, the Uchiha clan is destined to a life of revenge against their hated enemies, the Senju clan and Konohagakure. However there are exceptions in the form of Itachi, Shisui and Kagami Uchiha, who had opposing ideals. In addition, despite having fallen victim to it himself, during the Fourth Great Shinobi War, Sasuke appears to have overcome his inborn anger and embraced the same ideals as his brother.
- The clan had various places affiliated with them:
- ↑ First Databook, page 215
- ↑ Naruto chapter 7, page 2
- ↑ Naruto chapter 462, pages 12-13
- ↑ Naruto chapter 462, pages 14-17
- ↑ Naruto chapter 398, pages 16-19
- ↑ Naruto chapter 399, pages 1-4
- ↑ Naruto chapter 624, page 13
- ↑ Naruto chapter 625, page 5
- ↑ Naruto chapter 399, pages 4-12
- ↑ Naruto chapter 399, pages 12-14
- ↑ Naruto chapter 399, page 15
- ↑ Naruto chapter 399, page 16
- ↑ Naruto chapter 399, page 17
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Naruto chapter 590, pages 5-10
- ↑ Naruto chapters 399-401
- ↑ Naruto chapter 223, pages 6-8
- ↑ Naruto chapter 315, page 13
- ↑ Naruto chapter 260, page 15
- ↑ Naruto chapter 223, page 9
- ↑ Naruto chapter 257, pages 5-6
- ↑ Naruto chapter 560, pages 14-15
- ↑ Naruto chapter 606, page 13
- ↑ Naruto chapter 78, page 13
- ↑ Third Databook, page 70


text:
Pop-up Coffee and Conversation – Monday, July 2, 2018
Back in the day, I had the honor and real joy of...
Scarlet Key, Boston University's honor society for extracurricular involvement, has added a fall induction ceremony. Nominations for October induction are now being accepted. Read the official release for details.
Event to honor senior student leaders and student life minded faculty, staff and alumni
September 15, 2009 – The Dean of Students Office announced this week that the Scarlet Key Society, Boston University's honor society for extracurricular achievement, will be adding a fall induction ceremony this October. The induction ceremony will be held Thursday, October 22, 2009, in conjunction with the University's Alumni Weekend programming.
This addition to the Scarlet Key schedule will provide the University the chance to recognize more graduating seniors for their outstanding extracurricular involvement, and their contributions to student life throughout the University. The event will also honor, via the Honorary Scarlet Key Award, faculty, staff and alumni who have made a conscious effort beyond their normal responsibilities to enhance student life.
The addition of a fall induction ceremony was made in outreach to the many members of Scarlet Key classes of years past who will be attending Alumni Weekend in October. The addition also helps the University recognize those graduating seniors who may be graduating a semester early, or who may be attending a study abroad program in the spring months. A spring induction ceremony will still take place, and is scheduled for Thursday, May 13, 2010.
Members of the University community are encouraged to submit nominations for both the Scarlet Key and Honorary Scarlet Key Awards. Nomination forms can be found on the Dean of Students website, and must be received by 5pm on Wednesday, September 30th. Faculty and staff members may nominate students for the Scarlet Key award, and all members of the University community may nominate for the Honorary Scarlet Key award. Nominees not selected for induction in the fall will be considered for the spring induction. New nominees will be solicited for the spring ceremony as well.
For further information regarding the Scarlet Key Society, please contact Katherine Hasenauer in the Dean of Students Office at firstname.lastname@example.com or 617-353-4126.


text:
I recently gave my youngest favorite relative a driving lesson. She has a new (to her) shiny white pickup truck. It has a manual transmission. She is learning how to use the clutch.
Bright boy that I am, I decided to have her drive up to the top of Pinnacle Mountain. Pinnacle, in case you're wondering, is the steep-sided mountain with the towers on it that you see south of town.
I have been driving that same road over that same mountain since I was 16 years old. For most of that time, it was a gravel single-lane wilderness experience. This was back in the day before cellphones, when a flat tire or punctured oil pan meant a 10-mile hike to the nearest pay phone. Now the road is widened out and paved (mostly), the old curves smoothed out and the rocks blasted back out of the right of way. But ...
When I am riding with my 15-year-old daughter, her lovely red hair whipping in the breeze blowing through the window, this road becomes a highway of death.
Don't get me wrong, she did a pretty good job. No smoking tires, no stall-outs, no burning brakes, it's all me. I wasn't the guy in control of my destiny anymore — she was. One momentary lapse of judgment on her part and off the mountain we go, hurtling downward to Crab Creek a thousand feet below at warp speed. (I think I may have too vivid an imagination to be doing this anymore. Someone else will have to teach my grandchildren how to drive.) Point is, she did everything right and we didn't die.
I think that same sort of thing, the not-being-in-control thing, is what is driving the Republican Party just a little bit nuts right now. That and the chance that, despite what the Democrats do, the nation might not actually die, go bankrupt or be swallowed by a horde of immigrants.
The Democrats went through this same thing with the Bushes. I forgot to check and see how many Hollywood celebrities actually moved to another country when George W. Bush was elected, as they so publicly said they would, but as things turned out, the nation is still here.
The guys who came up with our political system did a pretty good job, but the inherent sin nature of the human species then came up with political parties, which then came up with political positions, which then devolved into "bringing the bacon home to the district," which now is how the Democratic Party wins elections and why the Republican Party keeps letting itself get snookered on yet more spending.
Giving money away is a surefire way to win an election, while saying no is a sure way to risk losing it. Fortunately, I have the solution to stop all this nonsense. All it takes is a tweak to the Constitution.
Starting in 2014, no senators or representatives will be elected by the voters in their state or district. They will have to be elected by voters in the opposite state or district. For example, the senators from California would be elected by the folks in Maine. The representatives for New York would be put into office by the people in Utah. That way, every politician in Congress will have no incentive to divvy up the federal Treasury to buy votes. The people they represent can't be bought and the voters who actually elect them can't be bought, either. Common sense and public duty will prevail; the future well-being of the union will be preserved. Thank you.
Yes, I am kidding.
Look, we have to vote for people we think will do what is best for all, not be our sugar daddy. Both parties pay off their constituencies, never mind what they say. Then, when the politicians let us down, we try again.
A republic is always going to be in crisis, so get used to it. It's sort of like hurtling down a mountain, and you aren't in control. You have to have a little hope — and trust that you picked the right driver.
(She really did fine.)
To all the people who wrote to me after last month's column and pointed out that Blue Ridge Community College does indeed have a notary on staff: Yes, you are correct, and I misunderstood a situation being explained to me. My bad. Sorry. Whoops. Won't happen again, I promise.
Chip Worrell can be reached at email@example.com.
Nation needs steady hand at the wheel
I recently gave my youngest favorite relative a driving lesson. She has a new (to her) shiny white pickup truck. It has a manual transmission. She is learning how to use the clutch.


text:
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Every such explanation is an interruption. According to one study,
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for someone to get back on task after being interrupted. If this happens many times a day, it's easy to see the problem.
Do whatever you can to keep the client from breathing down your neck. Offer regular feedback cycles, or spend extra time on the initial brief to make sure you understand the client's needs.
If they still insist on helping out, double the price.
I They want a black that looks like white. They want a video that stands still. They want a website as a printed hardcover - but with clickable links.
Designing something isn't about translating someone's vision into a working solution, as it is about interpreting it. Taking things literally can lead to huge misunderstandings down the road - and chances are they're not gonna be happy paying for massive revisions.
To spare yourself the trouble, spend more time on the inital brief. When they make ludicrous requests, focus on what the client wants to achieve, rather than on how they want to do it. Then politely offer an alternative solution.
Ah, here comes Marvin - you've known him since you started out 20 years ago. He needs a website for his dog shelter, but his budget is thin. And you've got a business to run, and a team to feed. Marvin has brought a cake - every bite tastes like betrayal.
Scaling an agency is tough, and since you can't get more free hours, often your only option is to put a bigger price tag on the time you have - this means letting go of old business.
With that in mind, there's a few things you can do to ease the transition. You can let them know as early as possible, so they'd have time to look for a new partner. Recommend freelancers and other agencies. Help them out how you can, but don't lose sight of your own growth.
If you've got a good relationship with them, it'll probably be OK. If there ever was a good pirate, then Marvin is the best one.
That's it for this time. There's of course many more pitfalls your shop can hit, but remember that the easiest way to avoid squandering time is to know where it's going.
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The Hebrews leaving Egypt, after a painting attributed to Veronese: classical setting with at centre a man carrying a heavy bundle and a woman leaving a house and walking down some stairs, at right more figures following them; with engraved text below. c.1800/10Etching and engraving
From the second volume of 'Galerie du Palais Royal', a set published between 1786 and 1808; see 1837,0408.317 for comment.The painting is in the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Caen. The attribution to Veronese is debated, and it has been suggested the painting could be the work of the artist's studio, or Benedetto Caliari. See Pignatti Pedrocco, 'Veronese', Milan 1995, cat. No.A 10, p.506.
Not on display (Italian Masters Portfolio)
Prints Drawings
The Hebrews leaving Egypt, after a painting attributed to Veronese: classical setting with at centre a man carrying a heavy bundle and a woman leaving a house and walking down some stairs, at right more figures following them; with engraved text below. c.1800/10 Etching and engraving
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/ The Expedition
More than 50 years ago, two men climbed into a massive, blimp-like submersible, descended about 35,800 feet (10,912 meters) to the deepest point in the ocean, and became the first people to observe the dark underworld of one of Earth's most extreme environments. No one had been back since, until March 26, 2012, when
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, a National Geographic explorer-in-residence, made a record-breaking solo dive to the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench in a custom-built submersible that he co-designed.
Photograph by Charlie Arneson DEEPSEA CHALLENGER preparing for a dive
Although best known for directing films such as Titanic and Avatar , Cameron is an avid explorer with 72 submersible dives to his credit—51 of which were in Russian Mir submersibles to depths of up to 16,000 feet (4,877 meters), including 33 to Titanic .
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that took Cameron, along with fellow pilot Ron Allum and a team of engineers, scientists, educators, and journalists, to the greatest depths of the ocean—places where sunlight doesn't penetrate and pressure can be a thousand times what we experience on land. After years of preparation, the team went to the Mariana Trench, a 1,500-mile-long (2,400-kilometer-long) scar at the bottom of the western Pacific Ocean. There, about 200 miles (320 kilometers) from Guam, Cameron continued the work that ladies black nike blazers
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One question, a split-second decision, and Brian Darby lies dead on the kitchen floor. His wife, state police trooper Tessa Leoni, claims to have shot him in self-defense, and bears the bruises to back up her tale. For veteran detective D. D. Warren it should be an open-and-shut case. But where is their six-year-old daughter? As the homicide investigation ratchets into a frantic statewide search for a missing child, D. D. Warren must partner with former lover Bobby Dodge to break through the blue wall of police brotherhood, seeking to understand the inner workings of a trooper's mind while also unearthing family secrets.
"Keeps you guessing all the way through!"
Jungles come in many forms. There are the steamy rain forests of the Burmese highlands. There are the lies and betrayals of the world of covert operations. And there are the dark and twisted thoughts of a man bent on near-global domination. To pull off their latest mission, Juan Cabrillo and the crew of the
Oregon must survive them all.
"Where is the Brick ?"
Car mechanic Mercy Thompson has always known there was something different about her, and not just the way she can make a VW engine sit up and beg. Mercy is a shapeshifter, a talent she inherited from her long-gone father. She's never known any others of her kind. Until now.
Nick Gautier's day just keeps getting better and better. Yeah, he survived the zombie attacks, only to wake up and find himself enslaved to a world of shapeshifters and demons out to claim his soul. His new principal thinks he's even more of a hoodlum than the last one, his coach is trying to recruit him to things he can't even mention and the girl he's not seeing, but is, has secrets that terrify him.
"Part 2 is a go."
Deftly blending such genres as mystery, science fiction, and classic literature, Jasper Fforde's gleefully irreverent
New York Times best-selling Thursday Next novels defy categorization. In this sixth installment, the threat of all-out Genre war looms over BookWorld. But with the real Thursday Next retired in the real world, the Council of Genres has no other choice than to tap the fictional Thursday to save the day. Her mission as emissary is to prevent the brewing war—but her task is made more difficult by a hidden foe manipulating events.
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A RITA Award winner,
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A Summer in Sonoma follows the trials of four women who've been friends since seventh grade. As they teeter on the brink of 30, they learn that life can change in an instant—and having old friends to lean on may never be more important.
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iLeadership, Jay Elliot gives the listener the opportunity of seeing Steve Jobs as only his closest associates have ever seen him, and to learn what has made him - and the mystique of his management style - capable of creating tools so extraordinary that they have remade three industries and have transformed the way we create, consume, and communicate with each other.
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Millions of Christians have struggled with how to reconcile God's love and God's judgment: Has God created billions of people over thousands of years only to select a few to go to heaven and everyone else to suffer forever in hell? Is this acceptable to God? How is this "good news"? Author, pastor, and innovative teacher Rob Bell presents a deeply biblical vision for rediscovering a richer, grander, truer, and more spiritually satisfying way of understanding heaven, hell, God, Jesus, salvation, and repentance.
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Myron Bolitar has always dreamed about the femme fatale walking into his office and asking for help. The woman standing in his doorway has killer curves all right: She's eight months pregnant, which kind of ruins the fantasy. Former tennis star Suzze T and her rock star husband, Lex, are both clients, and over the years Myron has negotiated his share of contracts for the power pair. But now Lex has disappeared and Suzze is in tears, fearing the online rumors questioning the baby's paternity have driven away Lex.
"The narrator is important"


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This Is the End
Many would have been at least marginally on board with 100 minutes of celebrity cameos and screwball humor. That's how This Is the End was being sold, unsurprisingly: on its endless array of one-note celebrity appearances and the sort of pithy, naturalistic one liners for which this gang of Apatowlets has become famous. Another drug- and pop culture-infused high stakes comic adventure? Why not? Pineapple Express was enough of a good time to keep M.I.A. periodically in our heads for the years to follow. But This Is the End would prove, from the very first second of its opening shot, to be nothing like its Rogen and Goldberg-helmed predecessor.
Okay, not nothing. It's still got plenty of drugs, pop culture, and nutty gags. But that's not what it's about. Yes, this movie is actually, very adamantly, about something. And it's fascinating.
We realize that we're in for something unexpected when the movie introduces itself with a wordless, understated vantage point of Seth Rogen waiting humbly and uncomfortably in a Los Angeles airport. No over-the-top antics or goofy fantastical foreshadowing thrust upon us en media res to set the mood: instead, we're anchored way, way down to Earth as Seth reunites with lifelong pal Jay Baruchel, who is in town for the weekend. The moments to follow their gleeful embrace have the pair celebrating one another and their time together... a glee cut short when Seth introduces the idea of attending a party at James Franco's mansion that night.
Here's where the conflict comes in. Not a conflict developed simply to inject some character weight into a story about the apocalypse, but the actual central conflict of the movie. This, as we learn from an extensive, detailed conversation about Jay's aversion to Seth's Hollywood gang (which includes Franco, Jonah Hill, and Craig Robinson), is a story about this group of friends. No, quite accesibly, the very nature of any group of friends.
Stuck in a house together after the apocalypse rains down upon the Earth (sinkholes and fires and good people ascending to heaven and demons and all that jazz, it's pretty heavy), Seth, Jay, Franco, Jonah, and Craig metaphorically exemplify the isolated structure of a social clique. Like your high school group, your college house, your work cronies, or the bunch of kids you met on Birthright, this group is an island. And in this self-contained society, no matter how sure of itself that it might be, there are inevitably going to be rifts.
Feelings of imbalance, losing touch, in-group fighting, and that one friend that nobody likes or trusts (embodied here by a scene-stealing Danny McBride, who shows up midway through the adventure to hike up the chaos) are all issues painted quite vividly by This Is the End, using the apocalyptic backdrop to represent the world-ending turmoils that accompany any cherished friend group. And, of course, using the brand of comedy for which these guys are known to make the story all that more engaging. While any one of us might have thought, ''Man, I'd love to write a movie about my group of friends,'' the thought always comes with a heavy-hearted realization that few people outside your group of friends would actually care all that much about them. But Rogen has the luxury of people very much caring about his friends. And so, they're the perfect gang through which this story might be told.
At the heart of the movie is Seth's relationship with Jay, the odd man out of the Hollywood clique, feeling overwhelmed by the eccentric Franco, intimidated by relative stranger Craig, and fully contemptuous in regards to the phony he considers Jonah to be. Seth, the group favorite, deals with the fissures, undertaking his own anxieties as the people around him turn on one another. Odds are, you've been someone in this situation. Odds are, one of the groups through which you've traversed have seen this type of calamity. Although we might consider our social circles to be entirely self-sustaining (as Franco assures the lot that they are, calling for everyone to stay put in his L.A. home), they are the most delicate things we have.
Delivered with a shocking amount of substance and enough of that beloved brand of Rogen-and-the-gang comedy to keep things lively and fun throughout, This Is the End tells a sociological story that even puts the friendship arcs of Superbad and Pineapple Express to shame. The sinkholes, demons, and lack of food light a fire under the central fivesome here. But as their friendships appear to be the whole world to these men, the crumbling of these friendships are the real apocalypse.
Follow Michael Arbeiter on Twitter @MichaelArbeiter


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