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Readings of Cataclysm Cast in Stone
by C. Warren Hunt
Out of Stock
The evidence for geologically violent events in the recent and distant past give pause for thought to an
observant person. This evidence is before our eyes but remains largely unrecognized - even among professional geologists. This book was written
to describe personal observations of these phenomena gathered during the author's fifty years in field geology. More...
Energy and Mass Transfers from Earth's Interior
Editor: C. Warren Hunt
Contributing authors: C. Warren Hunt, L. G. Collins, E. A. Skobelin
Growth of the earth episodically throughout geological time is abundantly evident. The three authors of this
book give new spins to many geological phenomena that can better be explained by earth expansion than by existing, widely accepted theories,
such as plate tectonics. More...
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The New Geology of Our Primordially Hydrogen-Rich Planet
by Vladimir N. Larin
Out of Stock
In the late sixties the author discovered that hydrogen under pressure mobilizes otherwise rigid crystalline, rock-forming elements.
This book explores the profound geological consequences of the phenomenon, essentially creating entirely new geological theory. More...
Major Deformation and Failure of the Earth's Crust:
An Alternative to Plate Tectonics
by Peter James
Out of Stock
Develops his geomechanical theory of tectonics on the evidence of paleopoles and paleoclimates, demonstrating that geosyncline development is an equatorial phenomenon. More...
Polar Publishing proudly presents books that challenge geological orthodoxy with solutions to long-standing enigmas. The writing is aimed at an audience of peers and science-literate laypersons so as to offer serious, new, and detailed insights into a wide range of familiar phenomena. The books offer new earth theory for 21st century geology.
There are four books in the Environment of Violence series, offering a progression of ideas that amount to a new paradigm in geological thinking.
Environment of Violence:
Readings of Cataclysm Cast in Stone
by C. Warren Hunt
Out of Stock
Buy at Top of page
Contents The evidence for geologically violent events in the recent and distant past give pause for thought to an observant person. This evidence is before our eyes but remains largely unrecognized - even among professional geologists. This book was written to describe personal observations of these phenomena gathered during my fifty years in field geology.
C. Warren Hunt is a professional geologist in petroleum and mining exploration. In this book he attempts to present in language comprehensible to reasonably science-literate laymen a balanced perspective on the many hyper-energy phenomena that have affected our planet.
First, to contrast the two vitally different kinds of violence, exogeny (external to Earth) and endogeny (internal to Earth), he summarizes the former, which is receiving much attention from others, before moving on to the latter, which is largely ignored, despite the fact that thousands are killed every year from earthquakes, volcanism, and floods while no one is reported terminated by strikes from outer space.
Readings of cataclysms of all forms of endogeny are dealt with and interpreted, often with wholly new concepts. The great Cenozoic floods and the consequent canyons and boulderfields of western North America, earthquakes, the Klamath arc, the San Andreas fault, and, most significantly, the inner Earth's probable source of energy. Realizing that an enormous gas source was required to explain a strange volcano in Namibia, Hunt conceived the carbide-hydride theory of energy emanating from the Earth's interior. This theory holds profound implications for all geology and demanded a sequel volume. Expanding Geospheres followed (see accompanying description). References, index, and glossary are provided for the less than expert reader.
ISBN 0-9694506-0-5; hardcover, 223pp; US$25
- A Prologue
- Astroblemes, Gastroblemes, Diapirs and Dilation
- The signatures of impact, explosion, and intrusion
- Projectiles from space
- Ries Crater
- The "KT event"
- Gros Brukkaros: Quintessential Gastrobleme
- Origin of the Klamath Arc
- The San Andreas fault
- Rocky Mountain structures
- Hydraulic Cataforms
- Valley sculpture
- Boulder broadcasts
- Torrential flood deposits
- Erratics
- Magnitudes and Perspectives on Craters, Diapirs, and Fluviatile Cataeorms
- Table of cataform magnitudes
- Cataforns of exogeny, an astronomer's perspective
- Global cataforms, permissible perspectives
- Carbide-hydride theory of inner Earth
- Oxygen, Water, Viruses, and Ice Ages
- Origins of Earth's water
- Cometary origin of glacial ice
- Ice age starts and endings
- The oxygen catastrophe
- An Epilogue - References - Index - Glossary
Expanding Geospheres:
Energy and Mass Transfers From Earth's Interior
Editor: C. Warren Hunt;
Contributing authors: C. Warren Hunt, L. G. Collins, E. A. Skobelin
Buy at Top of page
Contents Growth of the earth episodically throughout geological time is abundantly evident. The three authors of this book give new spins to many geological phenomena that can better be explained by earth expansion than by existing, widely accepted theories, such as plate tectonics.
In this sequel to Environment of Violence editor Hunt and contributor Collins develop the theory of hydrogen degassing and the mobilization of mass from inner to outer geospheres.
First, Hunt deals with theories that can account for the apparent expansion of the primordial Earth. Then, Collins and Hunt progress to the chemical and petrological consequences of the generation of hydrides from the silicides, especially silicon carbide. The latent energy inherent in these rock-forming minerals is interpreted as the energy of endogeny, a major departure from the current energy attributions for orogeny and continental margin processes [plate tectonics].
Collins explains the origin of granite as transformation of petrologies from mafic to felsic by silicon substitution for heavier metals. Hunt reinterprets the causes of magmatism and volcanism and ascribes earthquakes [referring particularly to the San Andreas fault] to gaseous bursts in the solid mantle and crust. Skobelin provides new theories for volcanic pipes and diamonds. Hunt explains hotspots [e.g. Yellowstone], zeolites, coalification, and quartz sands as consequences of hydrogen-driven endogeny
The highlight of the book for an economic geologist is the enunciation of a new rationale for the origin and deposition of petroleum and metals. These are seen as provenance of deep levels of the planet. Metals as well as carbon, are mobilized by hydrogen as fluids below the surficial crystalline crust. The accumulation of hydrocarbons in oil- and gasfields and the deposition of metals in metal orefields may, thus, be expected to occur within the crystalline crust as well as in the sedimentary cover.
As a consequence of these theories, which were developed during the writing of the two books, the editor, whose career has spanned over fifty years in petroleum and mining exploration, is pursuing the logical consequences of his theory. He has undertaken to drill for oil and metallic minerals beneath the largest petroleum resource known on Earth, the Athahasca bituminous sands of Alberta, Canada. The proof of the theory of carbide/hydride systematics, first enunciated in Environment of Violence and then developed in Expanding Geospheres, should soon he proven if it is really true.
- hardcover
- 436pp
- Eith full-color and black and white illustrations
- references
- index
- glossary.
- Foreword
- Prologue
- Earth Theories
- The Gottfried theory of the origin of Earth
- The expanding Earth
- The Fukai-Suzuki model of Earth's hydridic core
- Composition of the Upper Geospheres
- The nature of the "Moho"
- Toward a new theory of the Earth: some generalizations
- Silane and Hydrocarbon Systematics
- The energy of the Earth
- The reactivity of hydrogen with carbides, silicides, and germanides
- Carbon and silicon ambivalence
- Regimes of oxidation and heat release
- In summary: major implications of silane behavior
- Why mountain ranges rise
- Oxygen, iron and magnesium
- Plate tectonics vs. Earth expansion
- Depression of marginal ocean crust due to loading
- The potential for endogenic violence in our environment
- Origins of Granite
- Rock transformation; mafic to felsic
- Migmatites and aplite-pegmatite dikes
- Aluminum enrichment
- Polonium halos and myrmekite in pegmatite and granite
- Silane Systematics; Interpretations of Granitization in Situ
- Petrologies and discontinuities
- Consequences of phase changes at discontinuities and the formation of melts
- Flood basalts
- Mid-ocean volcanism
- Anatexis
- Grand Consequences of Silane Systematics
- Zoned plutons
- Upward movement of mafic components
- Earthquakes, Volcanism; Theories and Facts
- The tectonic nature of earthquakes
- Phreatic earthquake mechanisms
- The Cajon Pass drillhole
- Aseismic creep
- Deep-focus earthquakes
- Benioff zones
- Electromagnetic effects associated with earthquakes
- Great Macquarrie Ridge
- Formation of Volcanic Pipes and the Genesis of Diamonds
- Origin of pipes
- Origin of diamonds
- The geological conditions for diamond formation
- Laboratory work on diamonds
- Evolution of the Yellowstone hotspot; silica, heat, and water
- Residual Gas in Crustal Rocks
- The Fuxian kimberlite
- The Udachnaya-Zapadnaya kimberlite
- The KTB drillhole
- Mid-continent hydrogen wells
- The Larin theory
- Zeolites and Fullerenes
- Zeolites
- Fullerenes
- Pulses of Endogeny; Endogenic Quartz Sands and Quartzites
- The Hayfork Creek apophyses
- The Mt. Willson quartzite
- The St. Peter sandstone
- The Oriskany sandstone
- The Gog group
- The Belt supergroup
- The Minnes/Ellerslie/Nikinassin/Kootenay group
- "Earthquake sand" expulsions
- The Winterburn silt
- The Ellerslie sandstone
- The Killarney quartzite
- The Athahasca sandstone
- Endogeny and Economic Minerals
- Petroleum in a supra-mantle sand chamber
- Coal and coalification
- The absence of coal in Precambrian strata
- Synthetic coal from lignin
- Formation of metal ores
- Epilogue; Acknowledgements
- Appendix: Myrmekite References
- Index - Glossary
Hydridic Earth:
the New Geology of Our Primordially Hydrogen-rich Planet
by Vladimir N. Larin,
C. Warren Hunt, editor on translation
Buy at Top of page
Contents In the late sixties the author discovered that hydrogen under pressure mobilizes otherwise rigid crystalline, rock-forming elements. This book explores the profound geological consequences of the phenomenon, essentially creating entirely new geological theory. Any serious student of the earth must take into account Vladimir Larin's challenges to orthodoxy.
During the writing of Expanding Geospheres, E.A. Skobelin brought it to the editor's attention that the Russian geologist, V.N. Larin had published a theory of hydrogen degassing in Russian over ten years earlier. On being contacted, Dr. Larin explained that he had worked on the concept from the time he first recognized it in 1968, and that his experiments in high-pressure petrology, geosynclinal folding, and other aspects of hydrogen systematics were ongoing and had provided him with many proofs. Text translation of a new and much expanded text was commissioned by Polar Publishing in Moscow, after which the author and editor collaborated to develop this book, which was first printed in December, 1993.
Starting with first principles, Larin shows that ionization potentials are the only feasible explanation for the distribution of elements and mass in the solar system and that the Earth must have accreted without melting, its core at first being a hydrogen-saturated mixture of elements of the "intermetal" type. Intermetals, which the author has created and studied in the laboratory, are metals that have been phase-changed by injection of "proton gas" [H nuclei] within their electron orbits.
This is new cosmo-chemistry, and it mitigates new geology by introducing entirely new concepts such as metallic composition for the middle and lower mantle, silicate-oxide composition being confined to the upper mantle and crust. A new theory of geosyncline development is proven with laboratory models, resolving old enigmas while [presciently] not conflicting with the geoidal deformation concept of geosyncline development set forth by Peter James in his later book of this series. Larin deals in detail with formation of Earth's crust and with problems of plate tectonics, continental drifting as posited by PT enthusiasts.
Detailed chapters are devoted to seafloor spreading, to evolution of oceans, to rifting, trench development, and to metallogeny of rifts. Oceanic metal anomalies are shown to originate from deep planetary levels, rather than by surficial relocation of metals. Resolution is reached for long-standing paradoxes of isotope dating of the Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, and U-Pb systems. New concepts of the origin and behavior of planetary magnetic fields and other enigmas related to the geology of the terrestriial planets and the Moon [e.g. mascons] are enunciated.
Every serious student of the Earth should understand the new insights of V.N. Larin as set forth in Hydridic Earth.
ISBN 0-9694506-2-1; hardcover, 256pp, many black and white diagrams and photographs, references, and index. US$33
- Foreword
- How Much Truth is There in the Prevailing Tenets of the Earth Sciences?
- Comparative Cosmochemistry and Determining the Original Composition of the Earth
- Evolution of the Primordial Hydridic Earth to its Present Composition
- The nature of the interactivity between hydrogen and metals
- Metal purification by hydrogen
- Evolution of the hydridic Earth
- A new geochemical model of the Earth
- Mantle Physics and Earth Models
- Oxidic composition and the physics of the mantle
- The new Earth model and mantle physics
- Problems of the iron core
- A metallized silicate core
- A hydrogen-bearing core and its physics
- Compressibility of hydrides and the inner core
- Metals containing hydrogen and the outer core
- Experimental verification of "liquefaction" of metals by hydrogen "proton gas"
- Tectonic Consequences of the Hypothesis of A Primordially Hydridic Earth
- An expanding Earth
- The geosynclinal process, its cause and mechanics
- Experiments in the modelling of fold zones
- Deep-Earth origins of planetary geodynamic evolution
- The problem of the drift of lithospheric plates
- Petrological and Geochemical Consequences of the Hypothesis of A Primordially Hydridic Earth
- Formation of the Earth's crust; the K-source enigma
- Aspects of continental crust and mantle evolution
- Trapp magmatism on platforms
- Structural Features of Ocean Floor in the Light of Expanding Earth
- Spreading vs plate tectonics
- A model of ocean evolution
- Geophysical peculiarities of the oceans
- Oceanic ores
- Metallogenic aspects of rift zones on the continents
- Isotope Geochemistry and the New Model of the Earth
- The conventional approach; its inherent paradoxes
- Resolving the isotope and cosmochemical paradoxes within the new model of the Earth
- Testing the new model through isotope geochemistry
- Planetary water volumes vs. oxygen isotope ratios
- Aspects of Planetology
- Implications of planetary chemistry
- The new model of the Earth in the light of the first and second laws of thermodynamics
- Geomagnetism and the new model of the Earth
- Interpreting the structure of the terrestrial planets
- On Possible Ways to Verify the New Hypothesis
- Energy Resources and the Ecology of the Earth in the Light of the New Model
- Epilogue - Acknowledgements - References
The Tectonics of Geoid Changes:
Major Deformation and Failure of the Earth's Crust,
An Alternative to Plate Tectonics
by Peter James
Out of Stock
Contents In The Tectonics of Geoid Changes, Peter James develops his geomechanical theory of tectonics on the evidence of paleopoles and paleoclimates, demonstrating that geosyncline development is an equatorial phenomenon and therefore, a function of geoid wander in aposition to the shifting poles. He avers masterfully a Geology of Stable Continents and Wandering Poles. His model differs from the geophysical approach by taking crustal heterogeneity into account. That is to say, geomechanics (soil and rock mechanics) rather than the elasticity and plasticity of crustal rocks makes new theory from whole cloth, a departure from tradition, an analysis that leads to a fascinating new theory on the evolution of the visible structures on our favorite planet.
ISBN 0-9694506-3-X; 160pp; hardcover. US$25
- A Model for Crustal Deformation
- From Geomechanics to Geotectonics
- Paleoequator, Geosyncline, and Fold Mountain
- The Case for Polar Wander
- Major Objections to Mobile Plate Tectonics
- Geology with Stable Continents, Wandering Poles
- The Oceanic Crust Under Polar Wander
- Miscellaneous Geology in Terms of the New Earth Model
- The Oceans Under Polar Wander
- Epilogue - Wanted; Alternatives to Plate Tectonics
- Selected Bibliography - Index


text:
Glossary: innate
Inborn; inherited.
Barbodes dunckeri – Clown Barb (Barbus dunckeri, Puntius dunckeri)
For some reason this profile can't be found neither when searching by its exact title "barbodes dunckeri", nor when searching "clown barb" or "Puntius...
6th Aug 2018
Trichopsis pumila – Sparkling Gourami (Ctenops pumilus, Trichopsis pumilus var. siamensis)
Had a few of these guys - little ones - eat every single limb of some large Amano Shrimp. Still one of my favorite fish. You really can hear them s...
1st Aug 2018
Pelvicachromis taeniatus (Striped Kribensis)
As per Lamboj et al. (2014), species from Cameroon now use the revalidated taxon Pelvicachromis kribensis, except those from the Wouri river (also Cam...
6th Jun 2018
Leptobarbus rubripinna – Red-finned Cigar Shark (Filirasbora rubripinna)
I've owned several of these and acquired all of them except one in the 1996/1997 period. Of this group I still have one given to me by a hobbyist beca...
2nd May 2018
There is an excellent article in the Cichlid News January 2016 issue written by Wayne Leibel that explains the recent history of the genus. The true ...
27th Apr 2018
Inborn; inherited.
© 2018 Seriously Fish

subset: commoncrawl


text:
I. In Focus This Week
Super Tuesday more slow than super
Low turnout, few problems mark contests in 10 states
Unlike four years ago when states jockeyed to be among the first to cast ballots in the hotly contested 2008 presidential primary season and 24 states and America Soma held their contests on February 5, this year only 10 states held contests on "Super Tuesday."
And with no contest on the Democrat side and less interest on the Republican side than there seemed to be four years, that made for a slow Super Tuesday for many elections officials with light turnout reported from Alaska to Vermont.
That being said, just because the day was relatively quiet, some would say slow, doesn't mean it was uneventful. The following is a brief recap of some of the events of Super Tuesday.
Glitches and snafus
In Franklin County, Ohio, some voters left their polling places without voting after confusion about ballots lead to delays.
The confusion arose in polling places that handle multiple precincts. Due to the confusion about which ballots voters were supposed to receive, some voters could not wait because they had to get to work.
Poll workers took down the contact information of the voters who had to leave and reached out to them after the ballot confusion was cleared up to encourage them to return to vote.
Franklin County wasn't alone with ballot problems. In Lucas County, Ohio about 50 voters used incorrect ballots after a poll worker was confused about which voters got which ballots in a multi-precinct polling place.
In Clermont County, Ohio and Muscogee County, Ga., it wasn't a glitch with voting that caused problems, it was computer problems that caused issues with the counting process and held up the results in both counties.
Elections offices in Dougherty County, Ga. also reported technical problems during the counting process.
For Trumbull County, Ohio officials, election night lasted a little longer than expected because workers forgot to bring back voting machines from one polling places and because officials had to count the paper ballots cast by 17-year-olds voting for the first time.
Although polling places in Monroe County, Tenn. weren't directly affected by last week's devastating tornadoes, turnout on Tuesday was definitely affected with only about 350 voters casting ballots in a precinct that usually sees 1,000 voters.
"Throughout the county with the vote being down anyway, people have to take care of their homes," Precinct official Tara Harrill told a local television affiliate.
Voter ID
By and large the first wide-scale implementation of voter photo ID in Oklahoma and Tennessee when fairly well on Tuesday.
In Tennessee, just over 200,000 people cast ballots via early voting or on Super Tuesday and many counties claimed the state's new voter ID law was a "non-factor." According the news reports, only 47 provisional ballots were needed for those who did not have a voter ID.
"Between our office and the state election office doing press releases and everything that's been done, it's really gotten the word out," Rutherford County Administrator of Elections Nicole Lester told the Daily News Journal.
Of course that doesn't mean everything went swimmingly.
When former Marine Tim Thompson went to vote on Tuesday, although he has an ID, he refused to show it in a form of protest.
"I've used this for 37 years," he said showing his voter registration card to a local television affiliate, "This was good enough for my father, it was good enough for my grandfather and I refuse to show you a picture ID."
There were minor problems in Oklahoma as well with some voters not realizing that they needed to have ID and one being turned away because of an expired license.
Polling Places
From icy parking lots to bomb threats to problems with accessibility, there are always issues at polling places on any election day and Tuesday was no exception.
Two polling places in Ohio were temporarily shut-down due to bomb threats. In Loraine County all voters and elections workers had to evacuate the building shortly after 1pm. The voting machines were left unattended during the evacuation. The election judges kept in touch with the county board of elections throughout the ordeal.
Presiding Judge Tammara Taylor told The Morning Journal that she was impressed with one voter who was evacuated but waited out the evacuation to ensure that his vote was counted.
"We had one voter who returned after everything to make sure that his vote counts," Taylor told the paper. "I was impressed he came back. He should of got two I voted stickers."
The building was re-opened by 2 p.m.
The other Ohio bomb threat was called into Lima Senior High School.
In Arlington, Va. it wasn't a bomb threat but a suspicious package that temporarily closed down a polling place. The suspicious envelope was reported around 9 a.m. and the site was given the all-clear by 10:30 a.m. Voting was not affected.
And in Polk County, Ga. one voter complained that he was unable to cast his ballot because the wheelchair ramp to access the polling place was too steep for him to negotiate.
Elections administrator Steve Gattis told the local television affiliate that he thought the ramp was accessible and other voters had been able to access the site using the ramp.
An early morning fire in an apartment complex that houses a polling place in Marlboro, Mass. forced the town to move it's polling location to the nearby Masonic Hall.
Young people
For the first time, 17-year-olds who will be 18 by the general election in November were able to vote in Vermont's primary. Although no one knows for sure how many 17-year olds cast their ballot on Tuesday, various organizations worked hard to get the word out in advance including this PSA created by members of the Class of 2012 who planned to vote on Tuesday.
Miss Vermont Katie Levasseur worked with state house interns to push legislators to approve the constitutional amendment allowing the practice.
"I'm so excited," Levasseur said told the Burlington Free Press the day before the election. "I think it's so important to start these habits at a young age."
After voting on Tuesday, Levasseur planned to spend the day trying to meet some of the newly voting 17-year olds.
Although they couldn't vote, that didn't stop 30 Advance Placement students in Glynn County, Ga. from spending their Super Tuesday at the polls.
For the third election, the students spent the day as poll workers completing the same tasks and working the same hours as their older counter parts.
Cindy Johnson, director of the county's board of elections said that the students pick up the technology used in elections so quickly most don't need much training at all.
Two students in Ohio were forced to change their clothes when attempting to vote in Tuesday's primary election. Nothing on their clothing was offensive, unless you're opposed to the Westerville City school system.
Karla Herron, director of the Delaware County Board of Elections said that the students should not have been asked to change or cover-up their school logos.
"It will be something in our next training that we will be sure to emphasize, because it was an issue, two voters or 500 voters," Herron told the local NBC affiliate.
And sadly, 19-year-old Kyle Sprowls, a senior at Orville High School in East Union Township, Ohio was killed in an automobile accident before dawn on Tuesday morning while on his way to volunteer at his local polling site.
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Granville County, North Carolina Genealogy
|Granville County, North Carolina
Location in the state of North Carolina
Location of North Carolina in the U.S.
|June 28, 1746
|County Seat
United States North Carolina Granville County
- 1 County Courthouse
- 2 History
- 3 Places/Localities
- 4 Resources
- 5 Societies and Libraries
- 6 Web Sites
- 7 References
County Courthouse
The first court sessions for Granville County were held in the home of William Eaton. In 1749, a court house and jail were built by contract, for £150 Virginia currency. The dimensions of the court house were 32 feet long, 20 feet wide, and 11 feet pitch, with two windows on each side, and one window in each end above stairs, with shutters, but without glass. The jail was 20 feet long and 10 feet wide. That remarkable good order prevailed in Granville at this early period, is naturally inferred from the scanty provision made by the court for the safe keeping of criminals.
The court house was located in what is now Warren county, seven miles above Gaston, on Rocky Creek, near Boiling Spring. Bute county was formed from Granville in 1764, which was, in 1779, divided into Warren and Franklin, and the name of Bute was obliterated from the list of counties in North Carolina. Granville being reduced in 1764 to its present dimensions, the place for holding its courts was removed some two miles above the town of Henderson, at the mouth of Mr. Brodie's lane, on the road leading to Oxford, where one or two terms of the court were held, when it was removed to Harrisburg, and after holding one court, it was removed to Oxford about 1769.
Granville County was formed in 1746 from Edgecombe County, in honor of the Earl of Granville, "the owner of the soil". As Edgecombe came out of Craven about 1733, Granville is therefore a grandson of Craven. When it was first established in 1746 Granville embraced for a period of five years, until 1751, all of present Warren, Franklin and Vance, most of Orange, including the present Person, Caswell, Orange, and Wake, Chatham, Durham, Alamance, a part of Guilford and perhaps all of Rockingham, a vast territory, of which one William Person was the first Sheriff. After 1751 Orange County and Granville dominated this wide Virginia line area until Wake and Chatham were formed around 1770, for the evident purpose of forestalling the restless and embryonic "regulator" element, who were becoming enraged over the aggravating fees and burden levied by the prosperous "office holders" of the two large domains. In 1764, Bute County was established out of the territory now embraced by Warren and Franklin Counties, and thus Granville's size was again appreciably reduced. From 1764 until 1851, a period of eighty-seven (87) years, Granville County included its present boundaries plus most of present Vance Co. The first officers of the County were Wm. Person, 1st Sheriff; Robert Foster, Clerk; Robert Jones, Jr., King's Attorney; Wm. Eaton, William Person, James Payne, Edw'd Jones, Edw'd Martin, John Wade, Lemuel Lanier, Gideon Macon, John Brantly, West Harris, Lemuel Henderson, and Jonathan White, Justices of the Peace. According to the earliest records of North Carolina, the area that became Granville was first settled around 1715, at which time most of the Native American Indians migrated to other locations leaving it ripe for new settlements. Among the first settlements in Granville were those along the northern border on Nutbush and Grassy Creek, and on Tar River.
Parent County
1746--Granville County was established 28 June 1746 from Edgecombe County.
County seat: Oxford [1]
Boundary Changes
Granville County has gone through many boundary changes over the years since it was originally an extremely large area that engulfed much of the northern Piedmont section of the territory along the Virginia border. As stated above, most of the counties in the area were once a part of Granville, first when Orange was formed from parts of Granville, Bladen & Johnston in 1752, and then in 1764 when Bute County was formed. Both Orange and Bute Counties spawned new counties of their own over the succeeding years, and current day Granville only covers a small portion of its once vast holdings.
Then in 1786, there was another slight variation in County lines. While Bute County had been retired in 1779 when it was divided to form Franklin County from its sourthern half and Warren from the northern half, there was a further change a few years later. According to "Formation of the NC Counties 1663-1943", by David Leroy Corbitt, part of Granville was annexed to Warren in 1786 "Beginning at the point where the line of division between Warren and Granville counties shall touch the line of division between this State and the State of Virginia, and running thence west along the said line to Nutbush creek; thence up said creek it meanders to the mouth of Anderson's swamp, thence to Stark's mill, thence by a line to be run due south until it shall touch the aforesaid line of division between Warren and Granville, be, and the same is hereby annexed to and shall remain a part of the county of Warren..."
This same area later became a part of Vance County in 1881 when that county was formed mostly from Granville and parts of Warren County.
Record Loss
Many early Marriage Bonds missing.
Populated Places
Neighboring Counties
- Good Hope Baptist Church - Youngsville, NC
- Shiloh Cemetery
- Granville County Cemeteries USGenWeb Archives
- Granville County Cemeteries from Cemetery Census
- Patterson (Peterson) vs Cheek 1754
- Brown vs Brady-1812
- Jones vs Jones -1812
- Horton vs Reavis -1818
- James M. Burton vs Jesse Dickens-1819
- Jeter & Jeter vs Littleton-1819
- Maurice Smith vs Woodson Daniel -1819
- John Taylor vs Mary Lanier-1819
- Vass vs Hicks-1819
- Hamilton vs Wright & Parrish-1826
- Robert W. Burton vs James Stamper-1849
- Justices of the Peace Appointed 1778
The Register of Deeds Office exists to provide proper maintenance, storage, recording, and indexing of the County's public records. The Department files and indexes vital records (birth, death and marriages) and issues marriage licenses. Real Estate documents (deeds, deeds of trust, plats, etc.) are recorded, indexed and scanned for permanent records. Military discharges are filed and indexed. The office provides copies of all documents when requested. Oath of office is given to notaries commissioned in the county.
Granville County Register of Deeds
101 Main Street
P. O. Box 906
Oxford, NC 27565
Granville County Property & Plat Search Page
A number of Granville County deeds have been transcribed, these are links to them:
- Granville County Deeds 1746-1751, Pt. 1
- Granville County Deeds 1746-1751, Pt. 2
- Collection of Bradford Family Deeds
- Deed William Smith Boyd
- Lloyd Deeds
- Searcy-Searcy Deed
Local Histories
- Colonial homesites in Granville County
- North Carolina in 1779
- Historical Map of Granville 1741-1931
- 1868 Granville County Survey Map
- 1880 Granville County - just before formation of Vance Co.
- Paths and Towns of North Carolina 1779
- North Carolina Formation of Counties
- Early Map of North Carolina 1685
- Historic Overlay Maps - selected maps from NC Maps Project can be viewed layered direction on top of current road maps
- 1895 Granville County
Civil War
Civil War Confederate units - Brief history, counties where recruited, etc.
- Granville County residents in the newspaper - name listing of people from the county as located in misc. newspaper articles; time span varies. Articles indexed in the NC People in the Papers database.
Granville County Courthouse
101 Main Street
Oxford, NC 27565
Clerk of the Superior Court
(919) 693-2649
Has copies of Wills, Estate Records, etc. starting from 1746. Contact the County Clerk's office for details and pricing.
See images of North Carolina Probate Records 1735-1970
A number of websites have indexed or transcribed wills and estate records for Granville County:
- Index to Loose Estate Papers of Granville Co., 1746-1919
- Index to transcribed Granville County Wills
- Index to Unpublished Wills abstracted by Z. H. Gwynn
Copies of transcribed Tax Records can be found at following websites:
- 1755 Tax Roll for Granville County
- 1788 Granville County Tax List
- 1845 Voters List-Brassfield
- 1845 Voters List-Youngs Crossroads
- Emory Surnamed Tax Lists
- Lloyd Surnamed Tax Lists
- George's Genealogical Filing Cabinet - many early Granville tax lists
Vital Records
Copies of Birth, Death and Marriage Records can be obtained from the Register of Deeds. Birth & Death records start at 1913, Marriage records started in 1758; contact the office to verify copies of specific records are available:
Granville County Register of Deeds
101 Main Street
P. O. Box 906
Oxford, NC 27565
The following websites have transcribed copies of Vital Records:
- North Carolina Births & Christenings, 1866-1964
- North Carolina Deaths & Burials, 1898-1994
- North Carolina Deaths, 1906-1930 -includes images
- North Carolina Marriages, 1759-1979
- Granville County Delayed Birth Records, 1870-1890
- Granville County Delayed Birth Records, 1891-1900
- Granville County Executions
- Granville County Marriages, 1826-1857: Brides (partial)
- Granville County Marriages, 1826-1857: Grooms (partial)
- Granville County Marriages to 1825 (sorted by bride)
- Granville County Assorted Marriages
- Granville County Freedmen's Marriages
Societies and Libraries
Granville County Genealogical Society, Inc.
P.O. Box 1746
Oxford, NC 27565
Granville County Historical Society
PO Box 1433, Oxford, North Carolina 27565
Tar River Connections Genealogical Society
PO Box 8764
Rocky Mount, NC 27804
Granville County Public Library
Web Sites
- USGenWeb Project. May have maps, name indexes, history or other information for this county. Select the state, then the county.
- Granville County NCGenWeb Project
- Granville County USGenWeb Archives
- Family History Library Catalog
- ↑ The Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America,10th ed. (Draper, UT:Everton Publishers, 2002).


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NEWARK, N.J. (AP) — Essex County authorities say more than 100 deer were killed during the county's recent hunt.
The annual hunt, staged this year at the South Mountain Reservation and the Hilltop Reservation, is intended to protect plant life and reduce the number of deer-related car accidents. It took place during the last two weeks of January and the first two weeks of February, though it was canceled for two days due to snow.
County officials say 108 deer were killed in the hunt. That's a slight increase from 2013, when 104 deer were culled.
More than 1,000 deer have been killed since the hunt began in 2008.


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Daniel Howard, 69
Daniel James Howard, 69, of Columbia City, passed away at 4 a.m. Tuesday, Nov. 13, 2012, at his home. Born June 25, 1943, in Warsaw, he was the son of James Boyce and Helen Lucille (Fisher) Howard.He graduated from Warsaw High School with the Class of 1961. After graduation, he honorably served in the U.S. Navy during the Cuban Missile Crisis. He earned an Associate's degree from Indiana College of Mortuary Science in Indianapolis. On Sept. 5, 1965, he married Ouida Sue Crum in Kossuth, Miss. In 1970, he worked as a cable splicer for United Telephone in Warsaw, was a former employee of Ripley Funeral Home in Ripley, Miss. and McHatton-Sadler Funeral Home, Warsaw.He worked in the pressroom and bindery for Light & Life Press, Winona Lake, worked as an emergency medical technician for Warsaw Multi-Township and worked as a packager at Zimmer, Warsaw, from July, 1988 until his retirement in 2006. For the past 18 years, he and his wife lived in Columbia City, he was also a former resident of Winona Lake, and Ripley, Miss. He was a member of the Arcola Lion's Club and he was an American Softball Association Umpire. He coached city and church softball teams in Kosciusko County. He was an Eagle Scout, served as a Winona Lake volunteer firefighter, was an usher at the University of Notre Dame football games, was a volunteer at Parkview Hospital, Randallia Drive, Fort Wayne and was a member of New Hope Wesleyan Church and the Churubusco American Legion.Surviving relatives include his wife of 47 years, Sue Howard of Columbia City; children, Michelle R. (Joel) Roberson of Bloomington, Brooke L. (Rob) Bennett of Warsaw and Lincoln D. (Marisa) Howard of Avon; eight grandchildren; one great-grandchild; sister, Janet Chiddister of Warsaw and one nephew. He is preceded in death by his parents. Visitation will be held Friday from 4 to 8 p.m. with a Lion's Memorial Service at 7:30 p.m. at DeMoney-Grimes Countryside Park Funeral Home, 600 Countryside Drive, Columbia City. The funeral service will be held Saturday, at 10 a.m. with one hour of calling prior to service at New Hope Wesleyan Church, 971 N. CR 400 W., Columbia City. Pastors Jason Tash and Barry Faucett officiating. Graveside military honors will be presented by the Whitley County Korean War Veterans Honor Guard with burial at Oakwood Cemetery, Warsaw. Memorial gifts may be given in Mr. Howard's memory to New Hope Wesleyan Church or the Arcola Lion's Club. Visit www.demoneygrimes.com to send family condolences or sign the online guest register book.


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Featured News - Current News - Archived News - News Categories
Law signed today by Gov. Cuomo allows county to purchase foreclosed property for the land bank under procedures established in county charter
New York State Sen. Mark Grisanti, R-I-Buffalo, and State Assemblyman Sean Ryan, D-WF-Buffalo, announced legislation they sponsored in the Senate and Assembly to improve Erie County's land bank has been signed into law by Gov. Andrew Cuomo. The legislation (S5167, A7245) makes corrections to the statewide land bank legislation that was passed in 2011.
To combat the continuing problem of vacant homes, New York state passed the land bank legislation, which empowered counties and municipalities to create land banks to purchase vacant and abandoned properties. The program allows counties and municipalities to get these properties back on the tax rolls and allow them to be occupied by people who will keep them properly maintained.
Erie County continues to have a large number of properties that are vacant and abandoned. These properties drive down the property value of neighborhoods, attract criminal activity and are a danger to the community, Grisanti's camp said. Erie County has an active land bank, formally known as "The Buffalo Erie Niagara Land Improvement Corporation," which is doing tremendous work, the state senator's team continued. However, the land bank is hampered by provisions in the law, which prohibit it from purchasing properties under the county charter, a method by which many properties are auctioned off. The land bank legislation only applies to real property law, and Erie County is only able to foreclose on properties under provisions laid out in its county charter. The new law will correct this oversight in the original law, allowing the Erie County land bank to significantly increase its activity and get homes back on the tax rolls.
The law also amends the current land bank law that applied to judicially authorized sales. The law currently states that land banks can only bid on property at judicially authorized sales. Most foreclosure sales are not judicially authorized, they are done without involving a judge. The new law removes "judicially" and allows land banks to bid on property at any public sale.
The law also increases the maximum size of a land bank board to 15. The Erie County land bank has an inclusive board that is working with townships to more effectively solve the problem of abandoned properties in Western New York. In order to be more inclusive, however, it needs to be able to function as a larger board.
By adjusting these provisions in the land bank legislation, Erie County will be able to manage its land bank in a more productive manner.
"The current land bank law has proven to be extremely successful for Erie County and the City of Buffalo," Grisanti said. "These improvements to the land bank law will allow municipalities to have even greater abilities to combat and improve blight. With the successes we have seen from the initial land bank legislation, these improvements will continue to improve the quality of life for our citizens."
"These changes to the land bank legislation will greatly improve the effectiveness of the Erie County land bank," Ryan said. "The original legislation was a game-changer that allowed Erie County, the City of Buffalo, and other municipalities to create a land bank that has the potential to significantly reduce the number of vacant properties that negatively impact our communities. These common sense changes will help to strengthen that goal."
Erie County Executive Mark Poloncarz said: "The Buffalo Erie Niagara Land Improvement Corporation has the potential to be a powerful tool in addressing the vacant property problem in Western New York. However, in order for the land bank to reach its potential, amendments to the Land Bank Act were necessary. I want to thank Sen. Grisanti, Assemblyman Ryan, and the WNY delegation for supporting changes to the act and ensuring the land bank's usefulness in the fight against blighted, vacant and abandoned properties in our community."
Joseph Kelemen, executive director of the Western New York Law Center, said: "The Western New York Law Center applauds the New York State Legislature for passing amendments to the land bank bill that will allow the land bank in Erie County to more effectively deal with unoccupied, dilapidated houses, vacant buildings and open, empty lots that plague our neighborhoods. These abandoned properties demand constant and expensive attention from local governments, and this legislation will allow our land bank the means to take control of problem properties and leverage them to spur smart development and meet community needs."


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Pioneer 11
Mission Type: Flyby
Launch Vehicle: Atlas-Centaur (AC-30 / Atlas 3D no. 5011D / Centaur D-1A)
Launch Site: Cape Canaveral, USA, Launch Complex 36B
NASA Center: Ames Research Center
Spacecraft Mass: 259 kg
Spacecraft Instruments: 1) imaging photopolarimeter; 2) magnetometer; 3) infrared radiometer; 4) plasma analyzer; 5) ultraviolet photometer; 6) charged-particle composition instrument; 7) cosmic-ray telescope; 8) Geiger tube telescopes; 9) asteroid/meteoroid detector; 10) Jovian trapped-radiation detector; 11) meteoroid detector and 12) fluxgate magnetometer
Spacecraft Dimensions: 2.9 m long
Spacecraft Power: 2 nuclear electric-power generators
Maximum Power: 165 W (144 W at Jupiter and 100 W at Saturn)
Antenna Diameter: 2.74 meters
Deep Space Chronicle: A Chronology of Deep Space and Planetary Probes 1958-2000, Monographs in Aerospace History No. 24, by Asif A. Siddiqi
National Space Science Data Center, http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/
Solar System Log by Andrew Wilson, published 1987 by Jane's Publishing Co. Ltd.
Pioneer 11, the sister spacecraft to Pioneer 10, was the first human-made object to fly past Saturn and also returned the first pictures of the polar regions of Jupiter.
After two midcourse corrections (on 11 April 1973 and 7 November 1974), Pioneer 11 penetrated the Jovian bow shock on 25 November 1974. The spacecraft's closest approach to Jupiter occurred at 05:22 UT on 3 December 1974 at a range of 42,760 kilometers from the planet's cloud tops, three times closer than Pioneer 10.
It was traveling faster than any human-made object at the time-171,000 kilometers per hour. Because of its high speed during the encounter, the spacecraft's exposure to radiation was much less than that of its predecessor. Pioneer 11 repeatedly crossed Jupiter's bow shock, indicating that the Jovian magnetosphere changes its boundaries as it is buffeted by the solar wind.
Pioneer 11 used Jupiter's massive gravitational field to swing back across the solar system to set itself on a flyby course with Saturn. After its Jupiter encounter, on 16 April 1975, the micrometeoroid detector was turned off because it was issuing spurious commands that were interfering with other instruments.
Pioneer 11 detected Saturn's bow shock on 31 August 1979, about 1.5 million kilometers out from the planet, thus providing the first conclusive evidence of the existence of Saturn's magnetic field. The spacecraft crossed the planet's ring plane beyond the outer ring at 14:36 UT on 1 September 1979 and then passed by the planet at 16:31 UT for a close encounter at a range of 20,900 kilometers. It was moving at a relative speed of 114,100 kilometers per hour at the point of closest approach.
Among Pioneer 11's many discoveries was a narrow ring outside the A ring named the "F" ring and a new satellite 200 kilometers in diameter. The spacecraft recorded the planet's overall temperature at -180°C and photographs indicated a more featureless atmosphere than that of Jupiter. Analysis of data suggested that the planet was primarily made of liquid hydrogen.
After leaving Saturn, Pioneer 11 headed out of the solar system in a direction opposite to that of Pioneer 10-that is, to the center of galaxy in the general direction of Sagittarius. Pioneer 11 crossed the orbit of Neptune on 23 February 1990, thus becoming the fourth spacecraft (after Pioneer 10 and Voyagers 1 and 2) to do so.
By 1995, 22 years after launch, two instruments were still operational on the vehicle. NASA Ames Research Center finally terminated routine contact with the spacecraft on 30 September 1995. Scientists received a few minutes of good engineering data on 24 November 1995 but lost final contact once Earth permanently moved out of view of the spacecraft's antenna.
Like Pioneer 10, Pioneer 11 carries a plaque with a message for any intelligent beings that might find it.


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Paul is a Director and Head of Commercial at Davis Langdon, an AECOM Company. His sector responsibilities include Offices, Fit-Out and Data Centres.
He is a qualified quantity surveyor with over 25 years experience. He has been responsible for the successful delivery of many key projects in the UK and further afield including, to name but a few, Commerzbank in Frankfurt, HSBC Canary Wharf, ITN Building, Regents Place, 122 Leadenhall Street, Broadgate Tower, Law Faculty Building, Cambridge and the Smithsonian Institute in Washington DC.


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Union College will honor this year's graduating class with two events in May: a Baccalaureate service on May 9, and its annual Commencement ceremony on May 10.
The May 9 Baccalaureate will take place at 7 p.m. in the Conway Boatman Chapel. This spiritual service is held to pay homage to the graduating class. Rev. Timothy Kobler is the featured speaker.
This year's Commencement ceremony and awarding of degrees will take place on Saturday, May 10, at 10:30 a.m. in Robsion Arena. This year's keynote speaker is Edna E. Jenkins Mann, a Barbourville native for whom Union's nursing school has been named. Two honorary degrees will also be awarded during the event. Mann will receive the Doctor of Humane Letters, honoris causa. Bob Mitchell, retired district director for Kentucky Congressman Hal Rogers, will receive the Doctor of Laws, honoris causa.
Both the Baccalaureate service and Commencement ceremony are free and open to the public. For more information, call 606-546-4151.
About Rev. Timothy Kobler:
Rev. Kobler has served as the Director of the Wesley Foundation, a United Methodist campus ministry at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, since 2008. He was also the Chaplain at Emory & Henry College in Emory, Virginia from 2002-2008. A native of Marion, Illinois, Rev. Kobler graduated in 1988 from Southern Illinois University at Carbondale with a degree in Music Education. He received a Master of Divinity degree from Candler School of Theology at Emory University in 1991. He has served in full-time ministry in the Holston Conference of the United Methodist Church for 22 years.
About Edna E. Jenkins Mann:
Mann grew up in Barbourville, graduating from Barbourville High, and attending Union for two years. Her mother worked in the library at Union. After one of the largest floods in Knox County history ruined her family's home, they moved to Dayton, Ohio. Mann worked at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base and attended the University of Dayton, where she met her husband, Gerry Mann. The couple moved to Indianapolis so he could pursue a master's degree in engineering at Purdue University, and they've lived there since then, becoming deeply involved their community.
The Manns formed ATEC Associates in 1956, growing it to 1,500 employees. They sold it in 1996, but still own Mann Properties, which works in developing properties for businesses in Indiana and North Carolina. They have three adult children who live in Indiana, including their son, Brian, who serves as managing partner of Mann Properties.
The Manns have given back to the educational institutions that nurtured their careers. They've given generously to Purdue University and have become champions for Union. Edna Mann has served on the Board of Trustees for the college since 2006, taking a deep and vested interest in how the campus can better serve the community. When she visits the college for board meetings, she often meets with members of the community to discuss how Union can serve Appalachia better. One problem she discovered was that the community needed more nurses. She committed wholeheartedly to both donating and raising funds to add a nursing school to the college. Her dream came to fruition in December 2012, when the first graduates emerged from the Edna Jenkins Mann School of Nursing. Thanks to her dedication, Union is now able to offer a four-year bachelor's degree in nursing.
About Bob Mitchell:
Bob Mitchell served as the district director for Kentucky Congressman Hal Rogers for 33 years, retiring in 2012. For much of his time on Rogers' staff, he was his top political adviser, campaign manager and also served as a field representative. He has served on the executive committee of the Republican Party of Kentucky, served as a delegate to Republican National Conventions, and was twice elected magistrate in Knox County.
Mitchell assisted with the development of key organizations in Eastern Kentucky, including P.R.I.D.E. (Personal Responsibility In a Desirable Environment), UNITE (anti-drug agency) and SKED (Southeastern Kentucky Economic Development). Flood walls along the Cumberland River and road improvements throughout the region were accomplished thanks largely to Mitchell's work. He also assisted with helping get the infrastructure needed for the installation of water lines to areas once dependent upon wells, sewer projects, and the construction of the Cumberland Gap Tunnel.
Mitchell has a family legacy of service. His father, the late Murrell Mitchell, also served as a magistrate of Knox County and was a member of the Knox County School Board. He inspired Mitchell to seek fulfillment in public service. A graduate of Lynn Camp High School in Corbin, Ky., Mitchell first served his country in the uniform of the U.S. Army. He was in the Army's military police and served in Vietnam.
Mitchell also worked for L&N Railroad, United Parcel Service, and as the owner and operator of a grocery store. He has been a member of the Corbin Rotary Club and the Lynn Camp Optimist Club. The Mountain Laurel Boy Scouts of America District honored Mitchell with its first-ever Daniel Boone Visionary Award. He most recently earned the William Hacker M.D. Leader of the Year award by Leadership Tri-County in Corbin.


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The London School of Languages and Cultures
The London School of Languages and Cultures is a well-established private language school in downtown Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan. Founded in 1998, we have been catering to private individuals and clients such as the UNDP, the US Embassy, and various USAID projects. We offer not only Russian and Kyrgyz language courses, but English language courses for locals as well. Our school has an extensive multi-language audio-visual library, 21 modern classrooms and an international staff from the UK, the US, Canada and Kyrgyzstan. Apart from on-site intensive language courses, we also run summer packages that combine language-study with homestay immersion and horse-treks, as well as individually tailored programs.


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You've been asking us and asking us for a push pin other than a flower, and now we are proud to introduce the new push-pin backed metal lapel sunglass pin the HOOK & ALBERT way. Prefect for a night on the town or any formal event, these bad boys will work on blazers, suits or tuxedos. No pre-cut hole required.
- 1 inch in diameter
- Metal Anchor
- Push pin backing
- Designed in New York City
- Green


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If youve ever had a California roll, youve had nori.
Now its time to learn what else you can do with this ubiquitous, yet always overlooked paper-like ingredient made from seaweed.
Nori also called laver is a somewhat generic name for a variety of seaweeds cultivated for use mostly in Japanese cooking. I say mostly because the same varieties are added to oatmeal in Ireland. But Americans know nori best as the paper-thin black-green wrapping used in sushi.
It is produced by washing and chopping fresh seaweed to create a slurry. That mixture then is spread thin, dried, cut into sheets and lightly toasted. The result is a crunchy, dark paper with just a hint of ocean flavor.
In Japan, nori has a life beyond the sushi bar. It is consumed for breakfast with fish and rice, eaten as a snack dunked in soy sauce and used to wrap balls of rice. In recent years, the snack approach has begun to catch on in the U.S. Nori now is sold in small potato chip-like strips, often seasoned with sea salt, wasabi, even chipotle pepper.
Most grocers sell packages of 10-inch sheets of nori, usually near the sushi or in the international aisle. It also is used in Japanese snack cracker mixes.
Nori sheets usually are sold pre-toasted; use them as is for sushi. But when using the nori in other ways, toasting it briefly can improve the flavor and texture. To do this, simply use tongs to hold the sheets one at a time over a lit burner (or candle if you have an electric stove). About 10 to 15 seconds will suffice.


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If there's one thing Deborah Harvey has learned from years of experience restoring historic buildings belonging to other people, it's to expect the unexpected.
If there's one thing Deborah Harvey has learned from years of experience restoring historic buildings belonging to other people, it's to expect the unexpected.
"The door frames in room number 10 and room number 11 were set crooked, but in room 11 they didn't trim the door to fit," Harvey said as she gave a tour of some of the newly cleaned and renovated rooms in the old Route 66 icon.
"In room number 10 they cut the door to fit. We don't know why they intentionally made the doors with non-plumbed doorways, they just built it and made it work."
When Harvey and her sister, Pricilla Bledsaw, bought the Boots Motel on Garrison Street in Carthage, they knew they would have to be flexible with their plans.
Once they got into cleaning and assessing the rooms, they figured out the first eight rooms in the front building would need much more work than anticipated.
Therefore, plans to turn the five rooms in the back building into small office space were scrapped. Now those rooms will be the first to accept occupants and start generating revenue to keep the renovation going.
"The market for small office space in Carthage was not as great as we had anticipated, but the demand for rooms for Route 66 travelers to stay in was greater than we anticipated, so we changed our plans," Harvey said. "We had so many calls from people asking if we were going to be open this summer, we had to get some rooms open. Besides, we decided we bought this to be a motel and we didn't want it to be offices. That was just a plan to start using the building and generate revenue for the reconstruction."
Harvey said now that the two buildings have been cleaned and they've had the chance to thoroughly go through them, they've decided the rooms in the front building will take much longer to make ready for occupancy.
Plus the sisters are looking to raise money to remove the gabled roof on the front building and restore the original look of the building.
Harvey said they already have three reservations for their soft opening, scheduled for May 8, the day the Carthage Convention and Visitors Bureau is taking part in the National Travel Rally.
"That will be the soft opening for the back building rooms only," Harvey said. "We're hoping to get a certification of occupancy from the city public works department by then."
Wendi Douglas, Carthage Convention and Visitors Bureau director, said the city will hold its second annual Travel Rally at the Boots to celebrate the reopening of the Route 66 icon to the public.
"It's a day when we welcome tourists and celebrate the start of the travel season," Douglas said. "We plan to hold a travel rally each year at different places in the city to highlight the tourist spots in Carthage. This year it lined up perfectly with the reopening of the Boots Motel so we'll have it there."
Harvey said Bob Boots, the son of the motel's builder, Arthur Boots, has asked to be the first reservation. She said she emailed two others who wanted to be among the first to stay at the motel and the agreed to come.
Harvey said the cost that first day will be $2.50, which was how much it cost to rent a room in 1939, when Arthur Boots built the motel.
After that, rooms will rent for $66 a night, tax included.
"We thought the price was fitting," Harvey said.


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Suffolk, ss. Division of Administrative Law Appeals
Matthew Serafin,
v. Docket No. CR-06-160
State Board of Retirement,
Appearance for Petitioner:
Christine G. Narcisse, Esq.
McGuire & McGuire, PC
14 Harvard Street
Worcester, MA 01609
Appearance for Respondent:
Emily J. Robbins, Esq.
State Board of Retirement
One Ashburton Place, 12th Floor
Boston, MA 02108
Administrative Magistrate:
Kenneth J. Forton, Esq.
The Petitioner, Matthew Serafin, appealed timely under G.L. c. 32, § 16(4) the February 24, 2006 decision of the Respondent, State Board of Retirement, to classify him in Group 1, rather than Group 2, for retirement purposes. (Exs. 1, 2) I held a hearing on June 10, 2008 at the office of the Division of Administrative Law Appeals, 98 North Washington Street, Boston. I admitted seven documents into evidence. (Exs. 1-7) The Petitioner testified on his own behalf. The Respondent called no witnesses. There are two cassette tapes of the hearing.
Based on the evidence presented by the parties, I make the following findings of
1. Matthew Serafin, d.o.b. 11/19/50, has worked at Worcester State Hospital in a psychiatric ward since 1990. For the first three years, he worked as a staff nurse. (Testimony)
2. Since 1993, he has been classified as an R.N. IV - Administrative Supervisor. (Testimony, Ex. 7)
3. During Mr. Serafin's employment at the Worcester State Hospital, the patient population consisted of persons with mental illness. Some of the patients were being held for forensic evaluation, while others were chronically and more severely mentally ill. (Testimony)
4. While Mr. Serafin was employed at the Hospital, there were 150 patient beds in the facility. (Testimony)
5. Since 1993, Mr. Serafin worked five days per week from 3:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. (Testimony)
6. On a typical shift, Mr. Serafin reported to the Assistant Director of Nursing. Mr. Serafin supervised fifteen charge nurses who were responsible for the direct care of patients. The charge nurses were assisted in their duties by licensed practical nurses and/or mental health workers. (Testimony)
7. The Official Position Description, Form 30, for the position of R.N. IV lists the following general duties and responsibilities: "Receives and delivers report on client status at change of shift to ensure proper follow-up. . . . In collaboration with the charge nurse, identifies and sets priorities for the management of patient treatment through data collection, observation and close communication with nursing staff and other clinicians." (Ex. 7)
8. Mr. Serafin's official duties included receiving and reviewing ward reports, consulting with charge nurses to identify priorities for the management of each patient, maintaining staffing coverage, supervising nursing staff, ensuring compliance with established standards of care, investigating patient or staff accident/injury reports, serving as a role model for the nursing staff, and providing performance evaluations to all nursing staff. (Testimony, Ex. 7)
9. Mr. Serafin was charged with providing direct and/or indirect nursing care as necessary and as assigned by the Assistant Director of Nursing. Mr. Serafin also was expected to participate in, assess and evaluate all emergency response activities of the nursing staff and then document all such emergency responses. (Testimony, Ex. 7)
10. On a typical day, Mr. Serafin arrived at 3:00 p.m. He spent the first half hour of his shift meeting with the day shift supervisor and discussing patient care strategy with the charge nurses. (Testimony)
11. From about 3:30 to 5:30, he performed his rounds. While Mr. Serafin came in contact with the patients during rounds, his work was focused on making sure that the charge nurses were performing their duties and following the plan of care for each patient. (Testimony)
12. From 5:30 to 6:30 the patients would eat dinner while Mr. Serafin completed some necessary paper work. On the odd occasion, he would have to discuss something with a patient during this time. (Testimony)
13. From 6:30 to 7:30 Mr. Serafin met with his staff to arrange work assignments and set out a game plan for the rest of the evening. (Testimony)
14. For most of the balance of the evening, Mr. Serafin performed administrative duties, including following up on patient and staff injury and emergency reports and finding shift replacements. Mr. Serafin spent about two hours each evening on the telephone performing his duties. (Testimony)
15. He ended each evening by completing a shift report, which typically would take him ten to twenty minutes. (Testimony)
16. On occasion, Mr. Serafin would respond to a fire, medical or psychiatric emergency, which would take approximately fifteen minutes per occurrence. (Testimony)
17. During any given day, Mr. Serafin may have additional contact with patients, when patients made complaints or sought extra attention from him. (Testimony)
18. On occasion, Mr. Serafin would provide break coverage for one of the charge nurses under his supervision. (Testimony)
The decision of the State Board of Retirement is affirmed. Matthew Serafin is properly classified in Group 1, rather than Group 2, for retirement purposes.
G.L. c. 32, § 3(2)(g), provides for a system of classification of employees for retirement purposes. Group 1 includes "[o]fficials and general employees including clerical, administrative and technical workers, laborers, mechanics and all others not otherwise classified." G.L. c. 32, § 3(2)(g). Group 2 includes in pertinent part "employees of the commonwealth or of any county, regardless of official classification . . . whose regular and major duties require them to have the care, custody, instruction or other supervision of persons who are mentally ill or mentally defective . . . ." Id. (emphasis added).
The Petitioner contends that, since his job duties required him to provide direct patient care on a regular basis to mentally ill adults, he meets the statutory requirements outlined in G.L. c. 32, § 3(2)(g), for classification in Group 2. The Respondent does not dispute that the Petitioner occasionally provided direct patient care to mentally ill adults. The Respondent, however, argues that Mr. Serafin's regular and major duties were administrative and supervisory in nature and that he was only involved in patient care as an adjunct to his primary duties. Classification is "properly based on the sole consideration of [the applicant's] duties at the time of retirement." Maddocks v. Contributory Retirement Appeal Bd., 369 Mass. 488, 494 (1975). The applicant's duties are largely determined by consulting his or her title or job description. See Gaw v. Contributory Retirement Appeal Bd., 4 Mass. App. Ct. 250, 256 (1976).
After careful consideration of all the testimony and documents presented in this case, I conclude that Mr. Serafin's regular and major duties consisted of supervising charge nurses and performing the administrative duties listed in his job description. Mr. Serafin's job description contains primarily supervisory and administrative duties, including receiving and reviewing ward reports, consulting with charge nurses to identify priorities for the management of each patient, maintaining staffing coverage, supervising nursing staff, ensuring compliance with established standards of care, investigating patient or staff accident/injury reports, and providing performance evaluations to all nursing staff. While Mr. Serafin may have come in contact with patients while discharging these duties, it is clear from his job description and his own testimony that he was not responsible for the "care, custody, instruction or other supervision of persons who are mentally ill or mentally defective . . . ." G.L. c. 32, § 3(2)(g). The direct care of the mentally ill patients at Worcester State Hospital was the responsibility of the fifteen charge nurses and numerous licensed practical nurses and mental health workers that were under his supervision.
The Petitioner estimated that he spent between eighty-five and ninety percent of his work day providing direct care to mentally ill patients, but when asked to describe a typical work day he listed largely administrative and supervisory duties and only occasional direct care of patients. Although Mr. Serafin provided direct care to mentally ill patients when circumstances such as staffing shortages or emergencies required him to perform those tasks, direct patient care was ancillary to his administrative and supervisory work. The Petitioner's job description demonstrates that his job was basically an administrative one, and the Petitioner's description of a typical work day confirms that.
He is, therefore, properly classified in Group 1 for retirement purposes. The decision of the Board is affirmed.
Kenneth J. Forton
Administrative Magistrate
This information is provided by the Division of Administrative Law Appeals .


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Ireland 6-12 England, February 10, 2013
Wood: Sky's the limit for England
ESPN Staff
February 12, 2013
Tom Wood has impressed since returning to the England line-up © Getty Images
Tom Wood insists the sky is the limit for Grand Slam-chasing England after their landmark 12-6 victory over Ireland at the Aviva Stadium.
England had not won a Six Nations game in Dublin since 2003, when Sir Clive Woodward's team clinched the Grand Slam before going on to win the Rugby World Cup. Stuart Lancaster's young England team will not allow themselves to even contemplate emulating those giants of 2003, not with a wounded French side due at Twickenham on February 23.
But the manner in which England's young team passed their biggest test of character since Lancaster took charge has given Wood the confidence that anything is possible.
"I don't think there's any limits to what we can achieve," Wood said. "We have to keep focusing on the next job and stay very grounded. All our victories so far have been built on that intensity and hard work. They are not built on individual flair or individual talent they are built on togetherness and the culture that underpins that.
"The moment we forget that and get ahead of ourselves we are in trouble. It's our ferocity in the breakdown, our energy in defence, our willingness to work for each other that is making the difference and we need to keep remembering that."
Asked whether England can win the Grand Slam, Wood said: "I like to think so. If we get things right, we're going to be a very difficult side to beat because we are hard to break down. France will be hurting after recent weeks, Wales are finding some form and will be tough at the Millennium Stadium and Italy are showing what they are capable of, so we'll keep our feet firmly on the ground."
Owen Farrell kicked all of the points as England displayed a composure and control which belied their lack of experience at the highest level. England captain Chris Robshaw felt his side had "put down a marker" with their victory, which was by man measures the best achievement under Lancaster.
The victory over New Zealand in December was stunning but it was a one-off performance from a team which had nothing to lose. Now they shoulder expectations and each week they rise to them. England added new levels to their attacking game to beat Scotland 38-18. Under incessant rain in Dublin they battled for their victory.
"I think it was a pretty big achievement to come up against such an experienced team in challenging conditions and get the win," Wood said. "We measure ourselves in terms of consistency and the biggest thing for us is that we didn't just get up for one game against the All Blacks.
"We managed to back it up against Scotland and we came away to a really tough environment and did the same again. We won with a lot of flair and scored some tries against New Zealand and we have come away here and ground out a hard-fought win against a really aggressive, powerful side. "We're winning in different ways. That is the way we are evolving now."
England's mantra heading to Dublin was 'no backwards step'. In 2011, Martin Johnson's team had failed to match Ireland's intensity and saw their hopes of a Grand Slam destroyed. But Lancaster is building a young side of bristling intensity.
England's pack take no prisoners and the back division is stacked with ferocious competitors, the likes of Brad Barritt, Mike Brown and Farrell. For the second week running, Brown was listed by the Rugby Football Union's own measurements to be England's most influential player.
His contribution during the 10 minutes when James Haskell was sin-binned was match-winning, given he had a direct hand in winning the two penalties which took the score from 6-6 to 12-6. Brown and Alex Goode were untroubled by Ronan O'Gara's aerial bombardment and their assured performances at the back allowed England to take control in the final quarter.
Andy Farrell described England's performance during that period as "a masterclass". Lancaster said: "I'm not surprised by their character. What I'm most pleased with is their composure and technical discipline.
"We'd been rocked a bit, lost a couple of scrums and lost a man to the bin but we managed that period so well and came out on top. Mike Brown had another outstanding game. People have questioned his ability to play international football and on the wing. For me, he's been one of our stand-out players.
"Alex Goode stepped up his performance from last week to deal with that aerial threat that Ireland were always going to pose. His understanding and innate ability to position himself to where a fly-half is going to kick is excellent."
The England squad will meet up at St George's Park, Burton for a training camp on Tuesday. Among them will be Gloucester duo Freddie Burns and Ben Morgan and London Irish's Alex Corbisiero, who are continuing rehabilitation after injury.
© ESPN Sports Media Ltd.
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Before the SUBCOMMITTEE ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE, DRUG POLICY AND HUMAN RESOURCES Committee on Government Reform United States House of Representatives Regarding STUDENT LOAN PROGRAMS JUNE 17, 1999 Mr. Chairman and Members of the Subcommittee: Thank you for the opportunity to discuss issues, costs and the efficiency of the Federal Direct Loan Program (FDLP). My name is Steven A. McNamara, and I am the Assistant Inspector General for Audit Services at the Office of Inspector General, Department of Education. I am representing the Office of the Inspector General today because our new Inspector General, Lorraine Lewis, was just sworn in Monday, June 14, 1999. Ms. Lewis regrets not being here today to provide our testimony, but she has not had a sufficient opportunity to become thoroughly familiar with the details of our recent report, "Study of Cost Issues, Federal Family Education Loan Program and Federal Direct Loan Program," which is the focus of my testimony today. I offer a copy of the report for the record. In the study that led to the report, the Office of Inspector General (OIG) objective was to study and compare cost issues of the two student loan programs. We reviewed the Department's actual costs for Fiscal Years 1996 and 1997, along with audits, information reports, congressional testimony and other related documents bearing on the issues that affect FDLP and the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) costs. Our goal was to arrive at a reasonable estimate of the costs of the programs rather than precise figures. Before discussing what the study did say, let me put to rest some misconceptions about it that
have come to our attention. First, our study did not conclude that one program is inherently cheaper than the other. Second, we did not conclude that eliminating the FDLP will save the government money. Third, we did not state that the inefficiencies affect only one of the programs. Finally, our study did not state that private lenders making student loans are more efficient than the government contractors serving the FDLP. Background In October of 1996, we began to study the costs of the FFELP and the FDLP as an internal OIG project and for future use if we were asked about the issue. As part of our initial analysis, we reviewed various prior cost studies, but found them inadequate to address the complex and changing state of the student loan programs. Several factors in particular made it difficult to perform a conclusive analysis of program costs, including the newness of the FDLP and the possible long-term affects of income contingent repayment. We proceeded to a second phase to attempt to arrive at a reasonable cost estimate of the two programs based on the best available data. This was a study, not an audit, of either program. Overview of Cost Study Methodology We obtained the incomplete study results and workpapers of Macro International Inc., a private contractor that the Department had retained to study the costs of the two loan programs. We expanded on Macro's previous work on FY 1996 costs by collecting cost and other financial data from the Department for FY 1997 for the loan programs. Consistent with the Credit Reform Act of 1990, we segregated costs associated with all Student Financial Assistance Programs into two primary categories -- subsidy and administrative costs -and addressed them separately in our study. Subsidy costs include interest expense, loan origination fees, default costs and other fees. Subsidy costs constitute by far the majority of FDLP and FFELP costs. The Department has limited control over subsidy costs, because the economy and Congress exert the greatest influence on these costs. For example, changing economic conditions can result in interest rate volatility that will make subsidy costs rise and fall. Subsidy costs are also subject to yearly re-estimations that make them fluctuate, sometimes significantly. Congress affects subsidy costs by its legislative decisions, such as setting borrower and lender origination fees. Administrative costs are those that the Department incurs in managing the FFELP and FDLP, including such expenses as contracting, personnel, rent, travel, communication and others. The Department can largely control these costs through effective management. Because the Department lacks a cost accounting system, as recently required by Federal accounting standards, it does not allocate administrative costs to the various financial aid programs. Consequently, we reviewed and analyzed each of the Department's reported administrative costs and allocated them to the particular loan program in light of the activities and services actually performed, regardless of when the Department received billing invoices or what funding source it used to pay them. As an attempt to benchmark these costs, we compared
the Department=s cost to administer FDLP loans to what we calculated, based on a U.S. Department of Treasury study, it would cost large lenders to administer these same loans. During the years covered by our study, the FDLP was only in its third and fourth years of existence, meaning that FDLP administrative servicing costs had not yet reached maturity. For example, servicing costs will rise over time as more borrowers enter repayment status. Consequently, it was necessary that we project FDLP administrative costs to reflect a mature program. Results We reached two principal conclusions. First, in any given year the FFELP or FDLP total costs (administrative and subsidy) may be greater, given the affect of prevailing economic conditions on subsidy costs. Since costs may be higher or lower at any one point in time, a total cost figure for any one year does not definitively answer the question of whether the FFELP or FDLP is more expensive. Second, we concluded that inefficiencies likely affect the Department=s administrative costs of both loan programs. We based this conclusion on cost calculations that we made in this study and the reviews of our audit reports and those of the General Accounting Office. The two-year average cost per loan to administer FDLP and FFELP is $24 and $17, respectively. While the Department's FDLP administrative costs per loan were higher than its FFELP administrative costs per loan, this is due to the additional functions performed by the Department for FDLP. To assess the reasonableness of the FDLP portfolio management costs, which are loan origination, servicing and consolidation, we reduced the FDLP $24 administrative cost by $7, which is the cost to perform inherently governmental functions; the remaining $17 represents the Department's costs of managing the FDLP loan portfolio. We compared our estimate of the Department's cost to manage the FDLP - $17 per loan - to the benchmark average cost of $13, that we derived based on a U.S. Department of Treasury study of lender servicing costs that large private lenders might incur. We believe that a significant portion of the $4 difference may be due to inefficiencies. These inefficiencies can largely be controlled by effective management and include such matters as access to reliable information; having qualified technical and contract management; and using compatible automated data processing systems. We recognize that some of the differences are due to such uncontrollable factors as federal procurement policies and personnel rules. We were unable to estimate what portion of the FFELP administrative costs result from inefficiencies, because no private sector entity performs a similar oversight function. I want to be perfectly clear on an essential point: we are not taking the position that either program, over an extended period, is cheaper than the other. What our report does conclude is that in any given year, depending upon prevailing economic conditions that affect subsidy costs, either FDLP or FFELP may be cheaper. However, the Department can achieve significant savings in administrative costs through improved administration of both loan programs. A
Performance-Based Organization (PBO) was recently established to do just that. We submitted this report to the Department for comment before it was made public. They did not disagree with our primary conclusions. While they did disagree with some of our administrative cost allocation decisions for the two loan programs, we concluded that the disagreements would result in less than a penny per loan difference in administrative costs. We consider our results to be a reasonable estimate of costs, not a precise answer. Suggested Actions To improve its administration of the loan programs (and the other Student Financial Assistance programs) and to comply with accounting standards and legislative mandates, our report suggests that the Department: • • • • institute an activity-based costing system; institute interim procedures to track employees= time to the program and activity they work on; develop models to predict borrower behavior, loan volume projections, and the cost effects of management decisions; and consider and take appropriate actions to address possible reasons for cost inefficiencies as discussed in the report.
The Department has begun efforts to develop a managerial cost accounting system, and the OIG is working with them as they go forward. Further, the PBO has initiated several actions to address areas where we have found inefficiencies in our past audits. For example, plans for modernizing their information technology systems are being developed. It is too soon to tell the ultimate effect of this and other actions. This concludes my statement and I would be happy to respond to any questions that you or other members of the Subcommittee may have on this issue or other work products of the OIG. NOTE: To read a copy of the report, please see the web site for the Office of Inspector General, Department of Education - http://www.ed.gov/offices/OIG/misc/s1370001.pdf


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USA and Canada 2018: Hawaii Four Island Adventure Premier Summer 2018
Tour Type: Country Explorer
Brochure Type: USA and Canada 2018
Modern American lifestyle meets Polynesian seafaring tradition on this epic adventure across Hawaii's picture-perfect islands where you'll discover Pele's volcanic landscapes, tales of World War II bravery and share crystal clear waters with green sea turtles and water-sports enthusiasts-all on Hawaiian time of course.
Sightseeing Highlights
Brochure Type: USA and Canada 2018
Modern American lifestyle meets Polynesian seafaring tradition on this epic adventure across Hawaii's picture-perfect islands where you'll discover Pele's volcanic landscapes, tales of World War II bravery and share crystal clear waters with green sea turtles and water-sports enthusiasts-all on Hawaiian time of course.
Sightseeing Highlights
- Orientation of Honolulu, Kailua-Kona
- See pineapple plantations, North Shore
- Visit Pearl Harbor, Pali Lookout, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Jaggar Museum, Maui Ocean Center, Thurston Lava Tube, a local farm on Maui, Waimea Canyon, Kilauea Volcano, Grove Farm Sugar Plantation
- 12 full breakfasts
- 2 lunches (including Be My Guest)
- 4 dinners
- Audio Headsets for flexible sightseeing
- Daily breakfast and an average of 50% of evening meals
- Luxury air-conditioned coach with WiFi in most countries or alternative transportation (such as rail journeys)
- Aloha Welcome with a flower lei on arrival at Honolulu International Airport on Day 1
- A Trafalgar Bonus - All inter-island flights: Honolulu-Hilo, Hilo-Kahului and Kahului-Lihue including all airport transfers
- Cherry-picked hotels all tried and trusted
- Your choice of three hotel categories: Moderate, First Class and Premier accommodation including two-bedded rooms with private facilities, all hotel service charges and tips, baggage handling fees and local taxes
- Hand-picked Insider Experiences
- Optional Experiences and free time
- All porterage and local charges included
- Must-see sightseeing and surprise extras
- An expert Travel Director and separate Driver
- All hotel tips, charges and local taxes
- Airport transfers on the first and last day of your guided holiday
- VIP entry to many sights
Call (337) 234-4100 for more information or to book today! Mention code 14015557
- Tour Operator
- Trafalgar Tours
- Offer
- Offer valid through 9/30/2018
- Duration
- 13 Days
- Escorted
- Escorted - Yes
|Day 1
|Arrive Honolulu, Oahu - Waikiki (4 Nights): Welcome to Hawaii. In the traditional Aloha spirit, you'll be greeted at the airport with a flower lei. At 6 p.m., gather for a Hawaiian-style Welcome Reception with your Travel Director and fellow travellers.Welcome Reception
Outrigger Waikiki Beach (Moderate - CV, First Class - POV, Premier - DOV)
|Day 2
|Oahu Sightseeing: Begin your exploration of Oahu today. Traverse the island, passing through colourful villages, rainforests and pineapple plantations. See panoramic views from rugged cliffs. Marvel at idyllic golden beaches and look out on the world-famous surf along the North Shore. Back in Waikiki, your evening is free.Full Breakfast
|Day 3
|Honolulu: Enjoy a full day today to explore on your own or take part in one of the many optional activities offered. Tonight, join your travel companions for dinner featuring local fare, mai tais and sunset.Full Breakfast, Dinner
|Day 4
|Pearl Harbor and Honolulu
|Pearl Harbor and Honolulu Sightseeing: Begin your day with a visit to Pearl Harbor and the USS Arizona Memorial. After a drive through the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific, located in Punchbowl Crater, return to downtown Honolulu to see the splendid Iolani Palace, the iconic King Kamehameha I Statue and the state capitol building. The afternoon is free. Full Breakfast
|Day 5
|Keauhou Bay
|Oahu - Kona - Keauhou Bay, Hawaii (2 Nights): Your morning begins with a scenic flight to the Big Island of Hawaii, before an orientation tour of the lively seaside village of Kailua-Kona. Visit a local coffee plantation with a Local Specialist. Later, check in to your oceanside resort and meet your Local Specialist at the hotel's Manta Ray Learning Center. In the evening, enjoy rich island flavours at Rays on the Bay with views of these resident sea creatures.Full Breakfast, Dinner
Sheraton Kona Resort and Spa (Moderate - MV, First Class - POV, Premier - OV)
|Day 6
|Kona: Wake to the sound of the sea and explore one of the most beautiful areas in the world on your own today.Full Breakfast
|Day 7
|Kaanapali Beach
|Keauhou Bay - Hawaii Volcanoes National Park - Hilo - Kaanapali Beach, Maui (3 Nights): Bid farewell to Kona as you make your way to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. On the way, stop at the southernmost bakery in the United States. Once inside the park, learn about the fiery geology of the islands and walk through a real lava tube. Afterward, enjoy lunch at The Rim restaurant. Later, travel to Hilo for your flight to Maui where you check in to your beachfront resort on Kaanapali Beach.Full Breakfast, Lunch
Hyatt Regency Maui Resort and Spa (Moderate - RV, First Class - POV, Premier - OV)
|Day 8
|Maui Sightseeing: This morning, travel along the coast to the Maui Ocean Center and meet the centre's passionate conservation naturalists. Next, head into the countryside to visit a local farm and learn about the sustainable agriculture. Indulge in a Be My Guest lunch serving up Hawaiian specialities made with the freshest local ingredients.Full Breakfast, Be My Guest Dining
|Day 9
|Maui: Enjoy a full free day in paradise as you chart your own course through Maui's wonderlands, before a lively Hawaiian Luau, and Regional Meal, featuring a Hawaiian feast and tropical cocktails.Full Breakfast, Regional Meal
|Day 10
|Maui - Lihue, Kauai (3 Nights): Enjoy a morning at leisure before a flight to Kauai.Full Breakfast
Aqua Kauai Beach Resort (Moderate - LV, First Class - PV, Premier - OV)
|Day 11
|Kauai Sightseeing: Start your day on Kauai with a visit to Grove Farm Sugar Plantation, including a private tour of the home on this historic sugar cane plantation. Then set off for Waimea Canyon to view one of the most majestic geological wonders in Hawaii described as "The Grand Canyon of the Pacific."Full Breakfast
|Day 12
|Kauai: Spend a free day on Kauai, soaking in its many natural wonders. You may choose to travel by helicopter over the Na Pali Coast and Manawaiopuna Falls. On your final night on Kauai, join your travelling companions for a festive Farewell Dinner.Full Breakfast, Farewell Dinner
|Day 13
|Depart Kauai: A hui hou... until we meet again. Take your transfer to the airport or extend your stay on Kauai.Full Breakfast
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- Itineraries, durations, hotels and inclusions may vary. Please inquire at the time of booking.
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- For full terms and conditions, please refer to our Conditions page.
- Hotel Class Key: D: Deluxe SF: Superior First Class F: First Class
USA and Canada 2018: Hawaii Four Island Adventure Premier Summer 2018
From $4,495.00 (USD)
Tour Type: Country ExplorerBrochure Type: USA and Canada 2018Modern American lifestyle meets Polynesian seafaring tradition on this epic adventure across Hawaii's picture-perfect islands where you'll discover Pele's volcanic landscapes, tales of Worl...


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Witness the heavenly beauty of the pious ghats and the delightful ambience of Banaras ! Behold the captivating beauty of the vicinity when the first rays of the sun touches the sacred lands of this holy city. Join this 4-5 hours boat-ride tour and experience how life starts with devotion, spirituality and sacredness in Banaras.
Assembling at the 'AssiGhat' at 5:15am during the summers and 6:00am during the winters, embark on a boat ride in the holy Ganges. As the boatman rows through the holy waters, witness the sunrays touching the tranquil water. Beam through the mystique charm of Banaras and watch the entire city getting pleasantly washed away with the enchanting beauty of the rising sun!
Besides witnessing the devotees performing different rituals and attaining solace, visit Manikarnika Ghat which is the largest cremation ground in Banaras. As the boat cruises back to the Assi Ghat, embark on a walking trail to the southern part of the city and explore its richness. Discover and explore the cultural diversity of the holy city and also witness the wrestlers practicing in the 'Akhadas', traditional Indian wrestling ground.
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In order to provide you with electric and natural gas service, Puget Sound Energy may need easements to access private property. An easement secures PSE's long-term ability to access the property, operate our facilities, manage vegetation and make future system improvements to keep power and natural gas flowing to our customers.
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