text:
Surprise winner Melissa McCarthy turned the 63rd annual Primetime Emmy Awards on Sunday into a Chicago-centric celebration.
McCarthy, star of CBS' Chicago-set "Mike & Molly" and Plainfield native, was flabbergasted win her name was announced as outstanding actress in a comedy.
"I'm from Plainfield, Ill., and I'm standing here and it's kind of amazing!" McCarthy gasped, saying after her thanks. "Holy smokes."
The 41-year-old actress has had a breakout year. Not only did her sitcom become a hit in its first season, but she wowed critics with her performance in the hit film "Bridesmaids." She beat out frontrunners Laura Linney ("The Big C") and Edie Falco ("Nurse Jackie").
McCarthy also was part of one of the Fox broadcast's best bits Sunday, which may or may not have been scripted. When nominee Amy Poehler's name was called, she walked on stage as if she won, then stood there to make it look like the nominees were supposed to stand up there. The "Parks and Recreation" star was joined by McCarthy, then Tina Fey ("30 Rock"), Martha Plimpton ("Raising Hope") and the previously mentioned nominees.
They all stood together, holding hands as if they were finalists for Miss America. When McCarthy won, a crown was placed on her head and roses and the Emmy were put in her hands.
The show, which was hosted by Chicago native and "Glee" star Jane Lynch, was a mixed bag. Lynch's opening number was fun, as was a wacky but inexplicable production number by The Lonely Island and Michael Bolton, who sang a medley of the popular and raunchy songs Andy Samberg, Akiva Schaffer and Jorma Taccone have written for "Saturday Night Live."
But the ceremony dragged in its middle section, despite heroic efforts—and many zingers—from Lynch, who got her start in the Chicago theater and improv comedy scene. One of my favorites: "You know, a lot of people are curious why I'm a lesbian. Ladies and gentlemen, the cast of 'Entourage.'"
ABC's comedy "Modern Family" dominated early in the evening, winning awards from Julie Bowen and Ty Burrell in the supporting acting categories and for directing and writing, which gave Lynch the opportunity for another joke.
"Welcome back to the 'Modern Family' awards!" she quipped.
Adding to the Chicago feel of the night was Julianna Margulies, who won the dramatic actress award for her Chicago-set lawyer drama "The Good Wife." (Sure, it's filmed in New York, but I'll allow it.)
One of the night's biggest surprises was "Friday Night Lights" star Kyle Chandler's win over heavy favorite Jon Hamm of "Mad Men" in the lead dramatic actor race. "Mad Men" did top "Friday Night Lights" to win the outstanding drama award.
Chandler, McCarthy, Bowen and Burrell were all first-time winners. TV and film veteran Margo Martindale also won her first Emmy, the supporting actress award for the drama "Justified." The actress, who played the hard, vengeful matriarch of a marijuana-growing family in the FX series, was much more emotional than her character.
"Sometimes things just take time, but with time comes great appreciation," she said. She went on to thank "the kick-assest cast on television."
Charlie Sheen provided one of the broadcast's tensest moments. The actor, who was fired from "Two and a Half Men" earlier this year due to substance-abuse problems and a feud with his boss, Chuck Lorre, presented the award for lead actor in a comedy.
"Before I present outstanding lead actor in a comedy series, my old category, I want to set something straight," Sheen said as a hush fell over the audience. "I want to take a moment to get something off my chest and say a few words to everybody here from 'Two and a Half Men.'
"From the bottom of my heart, I wish you nothing but the best for this upcoming season. We spent eight wonderful years together and I know you will continue to make great television."
Sheen seemed sincere, but then again, he is an actor. I wonder how much he was paid to eat that crow. After his speech, he announced Jim Parsons of "The Big Bang Theory" as the winner.
"This is so odd for so many reasons," Parsons said as he accepted the award for the second year in a row.
Odd indeed, considering that many thought Steve Carell would finally win his first Emmy in the category, for his last season on "The Office."
But as Lynch cracked earlier in the evening when she lost out to Bowen. "There are losers … And if I wasn't hosting this show, I'd be home by now eating a tub of turkey meatballs. In the dark."
Emmy night's notable Chicago connections
- Host Jane Lynch is from Chicago and worked in the comedy scene here.
- Winner Melissa McCarthy is from Plainfield, Ill.
- Winner Kyle Chandler once starred in the Chicago-filmed and set "Early Edition."
- Winner Juliana Margulies stars in the Chicago-set "The Good Wife," and once starred in the Chicago-set and partially filmed "ER."
- Nominees Steve Carell, Amy Poehler, Tina Fey and Stephen Colbert worked at Second City in Chicago.
- "Entourage" star and presenter Jeremy Piven is from Evanston.
- Nominee Martha Plimpton in an ensemble member of Chicago's Steppenwolf Theatre.
Anyone I missed? Leave a comment.


text:
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The Supreme Court on Tuesday ruled for the American father in an unusual international custody dispute over a girl who has been living outside the country under a court order.
By a 9-0 vote, the court ruled in favor of Jeffrey Chafin, a U.S. Army sergeant who challenged the awarding of his daughter Eris to her mother, Lynne Chafin, a Scottish national.
The 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals had dismissed Jeffrey Chafin's appeal, saying the issue was moot because the girl by then was already in Scotland and beyond its control.
(Reporting by Jonathan Stempel; Editing by Howard Goller and Bill Trott)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Roderic G. Eckenhoff, MD
Austin Lamont Professor of Anesthesia
Department: Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Graduate Group Affiliations
Contact information
311A John Morgan Building
3620 Hamilton Walk
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6112
3620 Hamilton Walk
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6112
Office: 215-746-8699
Fax: 215-349-5078
Fax: 215-349-5078
Search PubMed for articles
PubMed Eckenhoff RG
Ho J, Perez-Aguilar JM, Gao L, Saven JG, Matsunami H, Eckenhoff RG. Molecular recognition of ketamine by a subset of olfactory G protein–coupled receptors. Sci. Signal. 2015, 8:ra33.
Search PubMed for articles
PubMed Eckenhoff RG
Ho J, Perez-Aguilar JM, Gao L, Saven JG, Matsunami H, Eckenhoff RG. Molecular recognition of ketamine by a subset of olfactory G protein–coupled receptors. Sci. Signal. 2015, 8:ra33.
Education:Permanent link
University of Miami (Biol/Chem), 1974.
Northwestern University, 1978.
University of Miami (Biol/Chem), 1974.
Northwestern University, 1978.
Description of Research ExpertiseMOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY OF INHALED ANESTHETICS
The inhaled anesthetics are considered one of the most important medical advances of all time, are used in over 100 million patients every year, and yet remain the most toxic and poorly understood of all drugs. The goal of my laboratory is a translational understanding of inhaled anesthetic pharmacology. Most of the current work is focused on the biophysics of anesthetic/macromolecular interactions because of the importance of establishing a foundation of knowledge at this most basic level, on which the subsequent superstructure of molecular, cellular and organism understanding will be built. We have developed a wide variety of experimental approaches to study inhaled anesthetics binding to proteins, and the structural and dynamic consequences. Thus, photoaffinity labeling, fluorescence spectroscopy, amide hydrogen exchange, low-affinity elution chromatography and differential/isothermal calorimetry have all been introduced and validated for this purpose. Many protein and peptide models are used, including serum albumin and its domains, odorant binding protein, rhodopsin and other G-protein-coupled receptors, ferritin, and de novo designed helical bundles. Our group also uses NMR spectroscopy, x-ray crystallography and molecular dynamic simulations via close collaborations to gain a detailed atomic-level appreciation for the interactions and consequences in both time and space. In collaboration with Pat Loll of Drexel University, we have completed high resolution characterization of halothane, isoflurane and propofol binding sites in apoferritin - the highest affinity inhaled anesthetic binding protein yet described (see Figures 1 & 2). This has yielded considerable insight into the features underlying anesthetic binding, and provided a template for anesthetic discovery. In turn, discovered reagents are providing for novel anesthetic targets discovery. Proteomic and genomic approaches have permitted initial forays into cell and organism implications of our binding results. Wide collaborations with many other departments and institutions have facilitated a rapid, multidisciplinary attack on some of the most fundamental questions in anesthetic pharmacology.
The apoferritin anesthetic site is a buried cavity at the dimer interface: panel A. Note the secondary, tertiary and quarternary structural similarity of the motif in panel A with the presumed anesthetic site in GABAA receptor TM regions, panel B. (FASEB Journal 2005; 19:567-576). This, combined with its ability to bind a range of anesthetics according to their potency (a propofol analogue shown in Figure 2), makes the apoferritin site a suitable template for anesthetic discovery using high throughput approaches (Figure 3).
Our photoaffinity work has allowed us to define binding sites in complex proteins, permitting mechanistic hypotheses and drug optimization. Shown in panel A is the halothane-binding residue from photolabeling, and in panel B, the same residue is implicated from molecular dynamic simulations. This integration of experimental and theoretical approaches is a hallmark of work done in this lab.
Our studies of inhaled anesthetics led to the observation that they can potently promote aggregation of selected peptides and proteins. Since a common feature of most neurodegenerative disorders is aggregation of endogenous peptide, inhaled anesthetics may enhance this process, and accelerate the onset of the disorder. Examination of this possibility in a fully translational manner is a growing focus of my laboratory. Current efforts include cell culture, transgenic animals, clinical biomarker studies and associative database studies. The figure below is a section of transgenic mouse brain showing plaque, and the graph shows that a halothane anesthetic enhances plaque number only 2 weeks after exposure.
(left-right): Maryellen Eckenhoff, Lindsay Roth, Wesley Peng, Emmanuel Suarez, Tim DeYoung, Daniel Xu, Kellie Woll, Jack Jacobs, Rod Eckenhoff, Weiming Bu, and John Li
Selected PublicationsWoll Kellie A, Murlidaran Sruthi, Pinch Benika J, Hénin Jérôme, Wang Xiaoshi, Salari Reza, Covarrubias Manuel, Dailey William P, Brannigan Grace, Garcia Benjamin A, Eckenhoff Roderic G: A Novel Bifunctional Alkylphenol Anesthetic Allows Characterization of γ-Aminobutyric Acid, Type A (GABAA), Receptor Subunit Binding Selectivity in Synaptosomes. The Journal of biological chemistry 291(39): 20473-86, Sep 2016.
Ho J, Perez-Aguilar JM, Gao L, Saven JG, Matsunami H, Eckenhoff RG: Molecular recognition of ketamine by a subset of olfactory G protein–coupled receptors. Sci. Signal. 8(370), April 2015.
Weiser Brian P, Eckenhoff Roderic G: Propofol Inhibits SIRT2 Deacetylase through a Conformation-specific, Allosteric Site. The Journal of biological chemistry 290(13): 8559-68, Mar 2015.
McKinstry-Wu Andrew R, Bu Weiming, Rai Ganesha, Lea Wendy A, Weiser Brian P, Liang David F, Simeonov Anton, Jadhav Ajit, Maloney David J, Eckenhoff Roderic G: Discovery of a novel general anesthetic chemotype using high-throughput screening. Anesthesiology 122(2): 325-33, Feb 2015.
Tang Junxia X, Mardini Feras, Janik Luke S, Garrity Sean T, Li Rosie Q, Bachlani Gulnaz, Eckenhoff Roderic G, Eckenhoff Maryellen F: Modulation of murine Alzheimer pathogenesis and behavior by surgery. Annals of surgery 257(3): 439-48, Mar 2013.
Emerson DJ, Weiser BP, Psonis J, Liao Z, Taratula O, Fiamengo A, Wang X, Sugasawa K, Smith A, Eckenhoff RG, Dmochowski IJ. : Direct modulation of microtubule stability contributes to anthracene general anesthesia. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013.
Hall Michael A, Xi Jin, Lor Chong, Dai Shuiping, Pearce Robert, Dailey William P, Eckenhoff Roderic G: m-Azipropofol (AziPm) a photoactive analogue of the intravenous general anesthetic propofol. Journal of medicinal chemistry 53(15): 5667-75, Aug 2010.
Liu R, Loll PJ, Eckenhoff RG: Structural basis for high-affinity volatile anesthetic binding in a natural 4-helix bundle protein. FASEB J. 19(6): 567-76, Apr 2005.
Eckenhoff RG, Johansson JS, Wei H, Carnini A, Kang B, Wei W, Pidikiti R, Keller JM, Eckenhoff MF: Inhaled anesthetic enhancement of amyloid-beta oligomerization and cytotoxicity. Anesthesiology 101(3): 703-9, Sep 2004.
Eckenhoff RG: Promiscuous ligands and attractive cavities; How do the inhaled anesthetics work? Mol. Interventions 1: 258-268, 2001.
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Last updated: 02/23/2017
The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
Last updated: 02/23/2017
The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania


text:
My Ghoul Friday
Check back often!
Recent Moans from the Minions...
Like a number of other artists I have blogged about, Greg 'Craola' Simkins started his career as a graffiti artist. Now 33 years old, Simkins is more likely to showcase his artwork in galleries instead of back alleys.
I first saw his work on www.imscared.com which highlights sketches, illustrations and graffiti created by Simkins. The news section is out of date, but with some sinister sleuthing I was able to track down his blog. You'll find information about his current exhibits there (most of which are currently taking place on the west coast of the United States near his home of California).
I had a difficult time narrowing the selection of artwork to showcase on this blog. I've attempted to pick items that show the diversity of his subjects.
In one piece, Simkins creates a fantasy world reminiscent of 'Alice in Wonderland', where familiar creatures are given twisted transformations. In the next, it's a nod to Tim Burton or Walt Disney with a very creepy-cartoon rendition of popular icons. He's even recently signed to create vinyl toys with the first installation being Cap'n Rotnclaw.
On Saturday night, the Toronto After Dark Film Festival is having a fundraiser ...sorry, fiendraiser for the annual Toronto Zombie Walk that takes place in the streets of Toronto each October. I could describe the event to you in my own words, but why go through all the hassle? Here is the description from the Facebook events page (with a couple of links for the bands thrown in from moi):
"On August 16, the dead will rise and descend on the Smiling Buddha Bar for the first annual Toronto Zombie Walk Fiendraiser.
Prepare for an evening of ear-splitting monster bands, ghoulish performances, artist meat and greet and spooktacular giveaways. All the money raised from the Fiendraiser will go towards the operating costs of this year's Toronto Zombie Walk.
Only seven people attended the first Zombie Walk, held in Toronto in 2003, but the ghoulish plague has since spread across the globe. Zombie Walks are now held throughout Canada, the United States, England and Australia. Last year's fifth annual Toronto Zombie Walk drew a record-breaking crowd of over 1,000 living dead!
I was doing a search for Halloween music online, and stumbled across a website promoting "classic horror sounds". Normally, I avoid wav/midi websites like the plague; they are often filled with flash, will bombard you with pop-up ads, and can crash your browser. I feel unclean just thinking about it.
A big thanks to CreepersCreek for the pictures and how-to for this Witch Finger Card Holder.
It's a simple but beautiful idea for decorating your table with place settings or food labels. If you're interested, you can make your own by following the instructions in the Horrific 'How To's section.
You could do the same thing using mini cauldrons, teeny coffins, little skulls or pumpkins, but I happen to like the tiny terracotta pots. You could add spiders to the moss or LED lights.
You could replace the fingers with plastic or foam gravestones as well. The possibilities are endless.
(Note: How to was lost in the migrating of the site 4 years after this was posted, though I imagine using a little imagination, you can put together how to use a plastic finger and a painted terra cotta pot to make this!)
In less than two weeks, Rue Morgue will be holding their annual Festival of Fear National Horror Expo in the Toronto Convention Centre.
I went last year and have mixed feelings about the event. As a horror fan, they had some impressive celebrity guests. As a Haunter/Halloweener, they had very little to get excited about. Most retailers weren't offering anything I hadn't seen around the city (either in speciality or party stores) and the prices were the same (or more expensive).
I'd gone to a workshop offered by a well known make-up artist complete with tips and free samples of their make-up line for making a classic Zombie look. Perhaps they didn't want to share complicated techniques in such a short time frame, but I was very disappointed.
A simple blog post for a long, complicated Monday. Since I've spent the day dealing with what everyone else wants, I decided I would blog about something just for me. Something that makes me happy. Hopefully it will make a few of you smile as well. I want to share the view I see when I look out my home office window.
Located at the side of the house, my office overlooks the backyard of gardeners. And what are they growing this year? To my delight, it's pumpkins.
For years, Spiderbaby (as she is known in the Haunting world) has been making jewelry, but it was only recently that her husband, Dagon began adding his own artistic expressions to her work. The result? The Boneyard BOOtique.
The couple, both fans of horror and Halloween, felt that others might appreciate their zombie and skull pendants and pins. Thus was the birth of their humble Etsy store.
We both really get into Halloween, horror movies, metal music, Gothic styles, and anything spooky so our art and craft projects reflect those interests. It also shows in the way we dress, our house DragonWyck Manor, and our two hearses.
Kittiwat Unarrom, now in his early 30's, has decided to go into the family business. In a bakery 100 km west of Bangkok, customers aren't greeted by sesame topped treats or dainty doughnuts. Instead they find body parts on hooks and plastic-wrapped decapitations.
Unarrom, an art graduate, took his talent for portrait painting and sculpting, and transitioned it to bread making. I think it's safe to say he is a new breed of baker in his hometown of Potharam, Thailand.
Hands, arms, feet, faces and entire torsos - each one so realistic I imagine they would be hard to consume - are waiting for hungry customers. The eeriness alone of seeing all the selection cling-wrapped like produce on lit display shelves is enough to make you shiver. I can only imagine having it on a plate in front of me.
Not feeling cannibalistic? Perhaps you could try the chicken and pig parts instead.
Pretty, isn't it? I mean, not beautiful, but not bad either. That's the image of the tree on the Oriental Trading Company website (don't look for a link. You won't find one here).
The description reads "Black Leaves Tree. Set an eerie Halloween scene with this painted wooden tree! Featuring silky, midnight black leaves, this elegant yet spooky tree makes a ghostly decoration for a haunted house."
Now, I know it's going to be cheesy looking (anything with fake leaves usually is) but I've jazzed up cheesy before. And since it was marked down about 40% off the original price, I won't care if it's a bit corny.
Keep in mind they used the words 'painted' and 'elegant' to describe the tree. The adjectives should have been 'splintered' and 'craptastic'. But I'm jumping ahead.
Who says the youth of today have no determination or ability to plan ahead? Back when I was neck deep in work and this website was in shambles, I got an email from a young woman (we'll call her Emily the Strange) who said she was looking for Halloween theme ideas...in May (you're making me look bad in front of the other haunters, Emily).
Miss Strange was kind enough to send me pictures and descriptions of her haunt to use on my theme page. I'm finally at the point where I can do this (a mere 3 months later). But I wanted to make sure I gave Miss Strange her dues and salute her with her own blog post. Besides, it looks like the girl has no pupils in that picture. How gruesomely gorgeous is that?
Emily has been haunting her friend's yard for the past two years. Last year, under a pair of raging red eyes glowing in the upstairs window, they created a Demented Hospital complete with an i.v. bag (made by a pop bottle filled with water and food colouring which ran down a slim rubber tube) hanging next to a victim...er...patient, waiting to get her leg sawed off by the "crazy zombie doctor" (not just a zombie doctor...a crazy zombie doctor...the worst kind of doctor possible) as she screamed in pain.
The best place to find current art and WIPs is Instagram
I'm also on Twitter but be prepared for political commentary
My self-published book is still available!
Craving more Halloween goodness?
Here are some sites to satisfy the hunger.
All content copyright © 2007-2017 GhoulFriday.com (unless otherwise noted). And remember, safety first! Please read and understand our full disclaimer.


text:
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Striking feature mirror, hand finished silver leaf with a unique black rub through detail.
All purchases must be made in-store, to maintain a high level of customer service, after sales service and delivery service.
We only supply goods to the North East of England and parts of North Yorkshire.
Please call 01642 607 912 to discuss delivery options.
Wall Art, Rugs and Lighting can be ordered on-line via the following websites:
Wall Art: www.mailorderart.co.uk
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I used to put ads in Newspapers for rooms for rent...this turned out to be a disaster. Locals with no jobs and trashy people were the only ones calling. I only used Roommates.com this time and ended up getting 2 great people for roommates. Very pleased!! I will always use this site in the future! Thanks a bunch! - Sally
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|Version 15 (modified by 9 years ago) (diff),
Using the Build System
- Source trees and build trees
- Steps for building GHC
- What to do if you get a build failure
- Components of the build
- Developing in a GHC build tree
- Standard Targets
NOTE: this page now describes the new GHC build system, due to be added to GHC in April 2009. For documentation of the "old" build system, see Building/Old/Using?.
Using the Build System
This part of the guide is about using the build system, that is, how to interact with the build system when you're developing some part of GHC, its libraries or tools.
Source trees and build trees
Sometimes we want to separate the build tree from the source tree. There are a few advantages to doing this:
- You can make multiple different builds from the same sources, perhaps for testing different build settings, or for building on different platforms.
- You might want to put the source tree on a remote, backed-up, filesystem, but keep your build tree on a local fast unbacked-up drive (this is a configuration we use regularly at GHC HQ). It doesn't matter if you lose the build tree: it can easily be regenerated.
- It's easy to blow away a build tree and start again, without
modifying your source tree.
make maintainer-cleanis usually good for this too, but it can miss files that it doesn't know about, or files that are remnants from older versions of GHC.
However, if you just want to build the software once on a single platform, then your source tree can also be your build tree, and you can skip the rest of this section.
A build tree is just an exact copy of the source tree, except that
every file in it is a symbolic link to the appropriate file in the
source tree. There are "standard" Unix utilities that make such
copies, so standard that they go by different names:
lndir and
mkshadowdir are two (If you don't have either, the GHC source
tree contains sources for the X11
lndir check out
You need to be a bit careful, though, that any new files you create (if you do any development work) are in the source tree, not the build tree!
Steps for building GHC
We gave a quick getting-started introduction to building GHC in Building/QuickStart, the following sections describe each step in more detail.
In the build system, the path to the top of your build tree is
referred to as
$(TOP), and we will use that convention in the
following sections.
Generate configure scripts
NOTE: if you're starting from a source distribution that you downloaded from the GHC web site, rather than darcs sources, you can skip this step. Source distributions come with configure scripts pre-generated for you.
Change directory to
$(TOP) and issue the command
$ sh boot
(Note: the
$ is the prompt. You don't type that bit.) This runs
autoreconf on the various
configure.ac scripts in the GHC build
tree, generating
configure scripts and other miscellaneous files.
You have to re-do this step if (and only if) you ever change one of
the files that
autoconf uses to generate the
configure scripts,
such as
configure.ac, or
Run the configure script
Run the
configure script, thus:
$ ./configure <args>
configure's mission is to scurry round your computer working out
what architecture it has, what operating system, whether it has the
vfork system call, where
tar is kept, whether
gcc is
available, where various obscure
#include files are, whether
it's a leap year, and what the systems manager had for lunch. It
communicates these snippets of information in two ways:
- It translates various files such as
mk/config.mk, substituting for things between "
@" brackets. So, "
@HaveGcc@" will be replaced by "
YES" or "
NO" depending on what
mk/config.mkis included by every Makefile (directly or indirectly), so the configuration information is thereby communicated to all Makefiles.
- It translates
mk/config.h. The latter is
#included by various C source files, which can thereby make use of configuration information.
configure takes some optional arguments. Use
./configure --help
to get a list of the available arguments. Here are some of
the ones you might need:
Specifies the "build platform" (see Building/BuildSystem?).
This is usually only necessary on Windows, where you should set it
- Set the "host platform" (see Building/BuildSystem?). Usually not necessary.
- Set the "target platform" (see Building/BuildSystem?). Usually not necessary.
Specifies the path to an installed GHC which you would like to use.
This compiler will be used for compiling GHC-specific code (eg. GHC
itself). This option cannot be specified using
build.mk(see later), because
configureneeds to auto-detect the version of GHC you're using. The default is to look for a compiler named
ghcin your path.
Specifies the path to the installed GCC. This compiler will be used
to compile all C files, except any generated by the installed
Haskell compiler, which will have its own idea of which C compiler
(if any) to use. The default is to use
gcc. On Windows, this should be set to the gcc that comes with MinGW, which by default is
Specifies which
ldprogram to use. Normally only necessary on Windows, where you should set it to the
ldthat comes with MinGW, which is usually
Tells the build system where you would like GHC to be eventually
installed. You don't have to install GHC in order to use it: it is
entirely possible to work on GHC and test it without ever modifying
anything outside the build tree. However, if you do with to install
GHC, then the
--prefixdirectory is the root of the install tree. Typciallly on Unix systems the default for
/usr/local. See also Installing for more details.
Build configuration
Next, you say how this build of GHC is to differ from the standard
defaults by creating a new file
mk/build.mk in the build tree.
This file is the one and only file you edit in the build tree,
precisely because it says how this build differs from the source.
(Just in case your build tree does die, you might want to keep a
private directory of
build.mk files, and use a symbolic link in each
build tree to point to the appropriate one.)
mk/build.mk is purely for overriding settings that are found in
mk/config.mk. You should never edit
mk/config.mk directly, since
it is automatically generated from
mk/config.mk.in by
Neither should you edit
mk/config.mk.in; just provide your settings
We provide a sample file,
mk/build.mk.sample, which you can copy to
mk/build.mk and edit. It provides a number of pre-defined
configurations, such as a "fast build" or a "development build". Take
a look in the file itself for details.
To understand more about what you can put in
mk/build.mk, read on.
Common build.mk options
The following are some common variables that you might want to set in
mk/build.mk. For other variables that you can override,
take a look in mk/config.mk.in.
-H32m -O)
Options passed to GHC for all Haskell compilations.
Options added when compiling GHC (all stages)
(default: empty)
Options added when compiling the stage 1 GHC.
Options added when compiling the stage 2 GHC.
Options added when compiling the stage 3 GHC.
-O2 -XGenerics)
Options added when compiling the libraries.
Set to
YESto enable profiling for GHC itself (stage 2).
Set to
YESto pass
-debugwhen building GHC (stage 2).
Ways in which to build the libraries. Must contain at least
v([wiki:Building/Architecture#Idiom:thevanillaway the vanilla way]). Also contains
pby default (profiling). For other ways, see
YESif supported,
When set to
YES, static library object files are split into smaller pieces. This means that less of the library code needs to be linked into the final application, which makes smaller binaries. It takes longer to build libraries this way, though.
How to make GHC build quickly
The GHC build tree is set up so that, by default, it builds a compiler
ready for installing and using. That means full optimisation, and the
build can take a long time. If you unpack your source tree and
right away say
./configure; make, expect to have to wait a while.
For hacking, you want the build to be quick - quick to build in the
first place, and quick to rebuild after making changes. Tuning your
build setup can make the difference between several hours to build
GHC, and less than an hour.
Here are the
build.mk settings that we use to build fast:
# My build settings for hacking on stage 2 SRC_HC_OPTS = -H32m -O -fasm -Rghc-timing GhcStage1HcOpts = -O -fasm GhcStage2HcOpts = -O0 -DDEBUG -Wall GhcLibHcOpts = -O -fasm -XGenerics GhcLibWays = SplitObjs = NO GhcBootLibs = YES
What do these options do?
SRC_HC_OPTS = -H32m -O -fasm -Rghc-timing
These options are added to the command line for all Haskell
compilations. We turn on
-fasm, because that halves compilation time at the expense of a few percent performance.
-Rghc-timingprints out a line of timing info about each compilation. It's handy to keep an eye on.
-Wallturns on all the warnings; GHC is meant to be warning-clean with
GhcStage1HcOpts = -O -fasm
- Build stage 1 optimised: we're going to be rebuilding stage 2 a lot, so we want the compiler that does the building to be fast.
GhcStage2HcOpts = -O0 -DDEBUG -Wall
We turn off optimisation here, assuming you'll be modifying and
testing stage 2. With optimisation off, rebuilding GHC after
modifying it will be much quicker, not only because the
individual compilations will be quicker, but also there will be
fewer dependencies between modules, so much less stuff is recompiled
after each modification.
Also we turn on
-DDEBUG, because that enables assertions and debugging code in the compiler itself. Turning on DEBUG makes the compiler about 30% slower.
GhcLibHcOpts = -O -fasm -XGenerics
You almost certainly want optimisation on when building
libraries, otherwise the code you build with this compiler
goes really slowly.
-fgenericsadd generics support to the libraries - you can turn this off if you like (it'll make the libraries a bit smaller), but you won't be able to use Generics in the code you build against these libraries.
GhcLibWays =
Normally the profiled libraries are built. Setting
GhcLibWaysto empty disables this, so you only build the normal libs.
SplitObjs = NO
- Object splitting causes each module to be split into smaller pieces in the final library, to reduce executable sizes when linking against the library. It can be quite time and memory-consuming, so turn it off when you're hacking.
GhcBootLibs = YES
If you're just interested in working on GHC, then you probably don't want
to build the "extralibs" libraries that we normally ship with GHC.
So when getting the sources,
darcs-allwithout the
--extraoption. Alternatively, even if you have the libraries in your tree, you can stop them being built by setting
GhcBootLibsin your
Making things
At this point you have made yourself a fully-configured build tree, so you are ready to start building real things.
The first thing you need to know is that you must use GNU
make. On some systems (eg. FreeBSD) this is called
gmake, whereas on others it is the standard
make command.
In this document we will always refer to it as
make; please
substitute with
gmake if your system requires it. If you use a
the wrong
make you will get all sorts of error messages (but no
damage) because the GHC
Makefiles use GNU
facilities extensively.
To just build the whole thing,
cd to the top of your build tree and
make. This will prepare the tree and build the various parts
in the correct order, resulting in a complete build of GHC that can
even be used directly from the tree (as
without being installed first.
What to do after
make has finished
make completes successfully, then it should have created
inplace/bin/ghc-stage2, which is a GHC binary you can run directly.
It supports all the usual features, including GHCi if you pass the
--interactive flag.
In fact, the
inplace directory looks a lot like an installed copy of
GHC (see Building/Installing): there is a
subdirectory containing various programs that can be run, including
ghc-pkg, Haddock and
You can now run the testsuite, see Building/RunningTests.
You can now install GHC, by typing
make install.
What to do if you get a build failure
GHC is a complex system, with many platform-dependent components. We try our best to make sure it builds out of the box as often as possible, but build failures are not uncommon. If you get some kind of failure, don't panic.
The chances are, someone else already encountered the same problem as you and has reported it on a mailing list or as a ticket. Search for the error message using your favourite search engine, and if that doesn't turn anything up then search directly on this Trac. Finally, if you don't find a solution:
- Ask someone: MailingListsAndIRC
- or just ReportABug
Components of the build
Here is a high level view of what happens when you build GHC:
- First, we build a few packages that GHC itself depends on, such as
Cabal, and
filepath, using your installed GHC. These packages are under
libraries, and each is built in a subdirectory
dist-boot; for example the bootstrap build of Cabal will be in
- Then we build GHC against these packages, still using your
installed GHC. This is called the "stage 1" compiler (see
stages). You can run the
stage 1 compiler by invoking
inplace/bin/ghc-stage1. The stage 1 build of GHC happens in
- The stage 1 compiler is now used to build all the packages in the
librariessubdirectory, and the runtime system in
- Finally, the stage 1 compiler is used to build GHC itself again,
this time against the libraries we just built. This GHC is called
stage 2, and can be invokes as
There's an optional final stage, using the stage 2 compiler to build a stage 3 compiler, but this isn't strictly necessary, and is only used to check that the stage 2 compiler is working properly.
Developing in a GHC build tree
This section describes how to make changes to the sources of GHC, or its libraries and tools, and use the build system to build and test those changes.
Bringing the whole tree up to date
The easy way to bring the tree up to date after making some changes is
simply to go to the top of the tree and say
make. The build system
has enough dependencies encoded into it that this should rebuild
everything that needs to be rebuilt, in the correct order. The
downside is that it will build everything right though to the stage2
compiler and including all the documentation, which might be overkill
if all you wanted to do was to test a small change to GHC.
Just building a single component
Suppose you want to make a small change to GHC itself and test it. Assuming that your tree is already up to date, the best way to do this is as follows:
$ cd ghc $ make stage2
This will bring the stage2 compiler up to date only. In particular,
it will ignore the fact that by modifying GHC you have thereby made
the stage 1 compiler out of date, and hence possibly all the libraries
and the whole of stage 2 are now also out of date. If you did
from the top-level, all of these dependencies would be taken into
account, and a lot of rebuilding would probably ensue.
Each subdirectory of the source tree has a stub makefile?, most of which follow this pattern:
dir = libraries/base TOP = ../.. include $(TOP)/mk/sub-makefile.mk
the main purpose of the stub makefile is to invoke
make at the
top-level of the tree: GHC's build system is
non-recursive, so
in effect there is really just one
Makefile, at the top level.
However, the stub makefile has another purpose: it passes a target to
the top-level
Makefile, telling it to build just the components of
the system in this directory. For example, when you say
make in the
rts directory, this is actually equivalent to
$ (cd ..; make all_rts)
make all_rts makes every target in the
rts subdirectory.
make all_libraries/base at the top level would build
everything in the
libraries/base subdirectory. To understand how
all targets are defined, see
standard targets.
You can also clean a single component of the tree, just by saying
make clean in a subdirectory. Again this is equivalent to issuing a
command at the top of the tree of the form
make clean_libraries/base.
stage2 target in the
ghc directory does something else: it
also disables the dependencies that would otherwise cause the stage 1
compiler and the libraries to be rebuilt. It does this by simply
ASSUME_STAGE1=YES and
ASSUME_LIBRARIES=YES when invoking
the top-level
Standard Targets
The main targets understood by the top-level
Makefile are as
(default target, can be omitted). Builds everything that needs to
be built for a GHC installation, including the stage 2 GHC, all
libraries and documentation. After
make installwill not need to do any further rebuilding.
installs the things built by
all. Where does it install them? In the places you specified when running
configure, principally set by the
--prefixflag; see Building/Installing.
Delete all files from the current directory that are normally
created by
make. Don't delete the files that record the configuration.
The same as
clean, but also removes files created by
distcleanpreserves files that would normally go in a source distrubtion. Note that after
make distcleanyou will have to run
./configurebefore building again.
The same as
distclean, but also removes files generated by
sh boot. The result of
make maintainer-cleanshould be a completely clean source tree, containing only revision-controlled files.
- Builds a binary distribution. A binary distribution is a copy of the build tree with the source files removed, such that it can be installed on a different system simply by issuing `./configure; make install`.
Builds a source distribution. A source distribution is a source
tree for GHC, complete with some extra files included for
convenience so that the user doesn't need to install
Happy, or
Alexin order to build it. Hence
make sdistonly works in a completely built tree.


text:
This week's Nintendo Download includes the following featured content:
Nintendo eShop on Wii U™
LEGO® City Undercover - LEGO City® comes to life! The popular LEGO City vehicles and play sets come to life for the first time in the vast, open world of the LEGO City Undercover game. As police officer Chase McCain you are armed with clever disguises, special abilities, and the ultimate crime-fighting tool—the Wii U GamePad controller. With its indispensable map, communicator, and high-tech scanning device, the GamePad is just what you need to crack the case. Run, drive and even fly through the city to put a stop to the fiendish Rex Fury and end his crime wave once and for all. LEGO City Undercover will be available March 18 at retail stores and in the Nintendo eShop on Wii U. (You must have an external hard drive to download this software. Sold separately. Visit support.nintendo.com for information about storage options.)
Monster Hunter™ 3 Ultimate – Discover the epic world of Monster Hunter as you journey through more than 200 exhilarating quests, battle larger-than-life monsters and create hundreds of weapons and armor. Hunt with your two AI companions in single-player quests or team up with up to three friends in four-player online battles. Visually stunning HD graphics deliver a unique world for players to explore. With the addition of online chat, this is the bestMonster Hunter experience to date. Monster Hunter 3 Ultimate will be available on March 19 at retail stores and in the Nintendo eShop on Wii U. (Broadband Internet access required for online play. For more info, go to support.nintendo.com.)
Need for Speed™ Most Wanted U – Need for Speed™ Most Wanted U is the definitive Most Wantedexperience. The game uses the unique features of the Wii U GamePad controller to introduce "Co-Driver," which lets your friend play with the Wii Remote™ controller, while you can activate Boost U, adjust cop difficulty and change mods using the GamePad. 2012's driving game of the year comes with full online play, the connected, open-world city of Fairhaven and the hot cars and intense cop chases that made Most Wanted. Need for Speed Most Wanted Uwill be available on March 19 at retail stores and in the Nintendo eShop on Wii U. (Broadband Internet access required for online play. For more info, go to support.nintendo.com.)
Punch-Out!!™ Featuring Mr. Dream – As young boxer Little Mac, players have a once-in-a-lifetime chance to battle the big guys of the World Video Boxing Association circuit. Players use their best jabs, hooks and power uppercuts to knock out opponents, but must also dodge jaw-breaking blows by paying attention to subtle changes in their foe's body position. With great graphics, addictive action and a touch of humor, this classic game will keep players entertained for hours. Punch-Out!! Featuring Mr. Dream is the third game released for Virtual Console™ for Wii U to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the Famicom. For a limited time starting March 20, the game will be available for only 30 cents.
Chasing Aurora – Demo Version – Chasing Aurora is a physics-based 2D aerial action game. Enjoy playing with, and against, your friends in three different flight-based multiplayer modes. A single-player challenge mode requires players to break records time and again, unlocking level after level. Choose one of five different characters to ride the wind from peak to peak.
Nintendo eShop on Nintendo 3DS™
HarmoKnight™ - Demo Version – HarmoKnight is a rhythm-based action game from GAME FREAK inc., the creators of the Pokémon video game series, that has striking visuals and easy to pick up, yet challenging, game play. In the game, players must pound drums, jump over obstacles and battle enemies, all to the beat of an original musical score. With more than 50 stages, multiple playable characters and unlockable challenges, HarmoKnight brings a tremendous level of depth and creativity to the Nintendo eShop.
Nintendo eShop sale – Ketzal's Corridors™
Ketzal's Corridors – Revive Ketzal and restore order to the spirit world in this fast-paced 3D puzzle game. For a limited time, download Ketzal's Corridors in the Nintendo eShop on Nintendo 3DS at a discounted price of $4.99.
Coming soon to Nintendo eShop - Flipnote Studio™ 3D
Flipnote Studio 3D - Unleash your creativity with Flipnote Studio 3D, which arrives Summer 2013 as a free download from the Nintendo eShop on Nintendo 3DS. Watch the latest Nintendo Direct Mini to learn more about this new application.
Also new this week:
• Monster Hunter 3 Ultimate (Nintendo eShop on Nintendo 3DS – Available March 19)
• The Croods: Prehistoric Party! (Nintendo eShop on Wii U – Available March 19)
• The Croods: Prehistoric Party! (Nintendo eShop on Nintendo 3DS – Available March 19)
• RAYMAN® ORIGINS (Nintendo eShop on Nintendo 3DS)
• Mega Man™ 3 (Virtual Console - Nintendo eShop on Nintendo 3DS)
• Reel Fishing® Paradise 3D (Nintendo eShop on Nintendo 3DS)
• Forgotten Legions (Nintendo eShop for Nintendo 3DS / Nintendo DSi™ Shop on
Nintendo DSi)
• Goony (Nintendo eShop for Nintendo 3DS / Nintendo DSi Shop on Nintendo DSi)
In addition to video games available at retail stores, Nintendo also offers a variety of content that people can download directly to their systems. Nintendo adds new titles weekly to the Nintendo eShop for the Wii U system as well as the Nintendo 3DS and Nintendo 3DS XL systems, to the Nintendo DSi™ Shop for the Nintendo DSi system and to the Wii™ Shop Channel for the Wii console.
The Nintendo eShop is a cash-based service and features games, applications and videos. Users can add money to their account balance by using a credit card or by purchasing a Nintendo Prepaid Card at a retail store and entering the code from the card. All funds from one card must be redeemed in either the Wii U eShop or the Nintendo 3DS eShop, respectively. They are not transferable and cannot be divided between the two systems.
The Wii Shop Channel offers games and applications and uses Wii Points™, which can be purchased via the Wii Shop Channel. The Nintendo DSi Shop offers games and applications and uses Nintendo DSi Points™, which can be purchased in the Nintendo DSi Shop. A Wii Points Card™ and Nintendo DSi Points Card™ can be purchased at retail locations. All points from one card must be redeemed in either the Wii Shop Channel or the Nintendo DSi Shop, respectively. They are not transferable and cannot be divided between the two systems.
Remember that Wii U, Wii, Nintendo 3DS, Nintendo 3DS XL and Nintendo DSi feature parental controls that let adults manage some of the content their children can access. For more information about this and other features, visit http://www.nintendo.com/wiiu,http://www.nintendo.com/wii, http://www.nintendo.com/3ds or http://www.nintendo.com/ds.
Comments [3]
Latest Wii Game Storage News - March 14th, 2013 at 10:55 pm
[…] Nintendo eShop for Wii U and 3DS Downloads for Week of March 14 Visit support.nintendo.com for information about storage options.) Monster Hunter™ 3 Ultimate – Discover the epic world of Monster Hunter as you journey through more … Speed™ Most Wanted U – Need for Speed™ Most Wanted U is the definitive Most … Read more on Dream Station […]
» Zen Pinball 2 hits North American Wii U eShop next week – VG247 - March 15th, 2013 at 12:50 am
[…] Pinball 2 launching March 21 on Wii U eShop in North AmericaPolygonGamasutra -Cubed3 -Dream Stationall 20 news […]
» When LEGO meets Grand Theft Auto: Review: Lego City Undercover (Wii U) – Daily Mail - March 15th, 2013 at 4:40 am
[…] Review – Good News for Wii U OwnersTechnoBuffaloLego City Undercover reviewEurogamer.netDream Station -Wired (blog)all 44 news […]
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WASHINGTON — Federal regulators have given the greenlight to another exchange that will trade in film futures, but as in last week's action on a similar proposal, they have yet to decide whether to OK the actual contracts tied to box office receipts.
Tuesday's decision by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to approve the Cantor Exchange was not a surprise, as it mirrors its approval of the Trend Exchange on Friday. Given the novel nature of the contracts, Cantor must submit all new classes or categories of media-related contracts to the commission for approval, rather than having the ability to certify them on its own. The commission also approved Cantor Clearinghouse's application to be registered as a derivative clearing organization.
As recently as the beginning of last month, it looked like the Cantor Exchange and the Trend Exchange were headed to the market. But a number of industry groups, led by the Motion Picture Assn. of America, raised objections, arguing that such exchanges will be subject to price manipulation and conflict of interest that will be difficult to control given the unique nature of the film business.
The proposals will be the subject of a hearing before a House Agriculture subcommittee on Thursday, where industry groups like the MPAA are expected to reiterate their opposition.
Richard Jaycobs, the president of the Cantor Exchange, which is a subsidiary of Cantor Fitzgerald, said in a statement that they "appreciate the excellent work" of the commission and "look forward to continuing to work with them as they oversee our exchange and review our domestic box office receipts contracts for approval."
One of the major difference between the Cantor Exchange and the Trend Exchange box office proposals is that Cantor's trading ends four weeks after a movie's release and Trend ends trading just before opening weekend.
The commission contends that the Commodity Exchange Act required that it approve the Cantor application because it met the "criteria enumerated in the Act."
But MPAA spokesman Howard Gantman said the commission had "ample discretion under the law" to reject the proposal.
"Our coalition of film industry workers, creators, independent producers and distributors, business organizations and theater owners, remains united in our opposition to a risky online-wagering service that would be detrimental to the motion picture industry," Gantman said.
From a political standpoint, what the MPAA may have going for it is the heightened attention on financial regulatory reform, even as Cantor and Trend Exchange argue that, unlike Wall Street derivatives, their products will be part of a highly regulated marketplace in practice for centuries. Sen. Blanche Lincoln (D-Ark.) has proposed a ban on trading based on box office receipts as part of a financial overhaul bill she introduced last week.
As they did last week, some of the commissioners issued statements of concern about the film futures trading.
Commissioner Scott D. O'Malia said that he supports a thorough review of the exchanges "to ensure that they will provide a useful commercial hedging tool and are free from fraud and manipulation." Another commissioner, Jill E. Sommers, called on the CFTC to address the "broad policy issues" raised by the exchanges.


text:
SOURCE: SmartSound Software, Inc.
April 07, 2010 11:18 ET
New 'Voxation Series' Enables Easy Creative Blending of Music and Vocals to Deliver Unique, Lyric-Driven Themes for Any Production
NORTHRIDGE, CA--(Marketwire - April 7, 2010) - SmartSound Software, Inc., the leader in fully-customizable royalty-free music, will be releasing the latest innovation in library music on April 12, 2010 at the NAB 2010 Show in Las Vegas. The brand new Voxation Series will feature lyric-based vocal music from talented bands and musicians in a SmartSound format that automatically edits length, arrangement and mix at the hands of any video or audio editor.
Each song on these albums is delivered with the instrument tracks and vocals on separate layers. With the powerful customization control in SmartSound's Sonicfire Pro software, video editors can now easily manipulate these songs to make the instruments and vocals automatically fit to the changes in the video.
"We're excited to bring this new innovation to the market. Vocal music has been a growing demand for our customers and we have answered with vocal music in our most versatile Multi-Layer format," says Andy Muson, SmartSound's VP of Music. "Since it's based on our patented technology, no other music company can offer this level of creativity and personalization to their music."
The first album in the Voxation Series features the melodic tunes and savvy lyrics of singer/songwriter Brady Harris. The second album features the Indie Pop/Rock band, Steep, from Germany. SmartSound is working with a growing number of bands and musicians to keep the Voxation Series growing.
Albums in the Voxation Series will be priced at $149.95 each and singles will be priced around $59.95 each. All SmartSound Music is available for purchase online as both albums or singles. All music purchases are downloadable instantly after completing the purchase. Physical discs can be shipped for an additional charge. SmartSound Music is designed to work with SmartSound Sonicfire Pro Express Track® software which is available as a free download.
SmartSound will also be releasing a new album in their highly acclaimed Film Score Series titled Amotz Plessner and Friends. This album features film-quality live orchestral music in Multi-Layer format designed to make emotionally impactful videos and trailers.
About SmartSound Software
SmartSound Software, Inc. is the world's leading provider of customizable music and music soundtrack solutions for visual content creators. The company has been at the forefront of technological innovations in the industry, such as the award-winning Timing Control™ and Mood Mapping® features in SmartSound Sonicfire® Pro. SmartSound technology is available for Windows XP/Vista and Macintosh OSX 10.4 or higher, including PowerPCs and Intel Macs. SmartSound products include: the Sonicfire Pro (with or without Final Cut Pro plug-in) and Quicktracks® software and the Strata®, Voxation, Film Score, Producer, Edge, Audio Palette, Sound Palette, and Home Movie Music collections of music and sound effects. The company is headquartered in Northridge, CA, and can be reached by phone at 818-920-9122, by fax at 818-920-9152 or on the Web at www.smartsound.com.
©2010 SmartSound Software, Inc. All Rights reserved. SmartSound, Sonicfire, Strata Series, Mood Mapping, Express Track, Quicktracks are either registered trademarks or trademarks of SmartSound Software, Inc. Other product and company names are either trademarks or trade names of their respective holders. Patent numbers 5,693,902, 5,877,445 and patents pending.
Press Contact: Brian Dickman SmartSound Software, Inc. (818) 920-9122 Email Contact
Press Contact: Brian Dickman SmartSound Software, Inc. (818) 920-9122 Email Contact
See all RSS Newsfeeds


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Package includes
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text:
A Call to Action from the Nation's Nurses in the Wake of Newtown - page 17
Reposting from PSNA Communications email. Karen A Call to Action from the Nation's Nurses in the Wake of Newtown More Than 30 Nursing Organizations Call for Action in Wake of Newtown Tragedy ... Read More
Jan 11, '13To InfirmiereJolie,
What I've seen of these posts are disagreements with your position (and your writing style). Some of the posts were worded in, let's say, frank ways. I really, truly don't see much name calling or insulting remarks in the above list. I know, that's just my perception.
However. What I do wonder about is how you are going to handle adverse or abrupt disagreement when you enter into the real world of nursing. I will guarantee, you will receive far harsher verbiage in the workplace. There will be strong differences of opinion on the floor from Nurses, Techs, Management and Physicians, as well as Patients and Family. As a working nurse you will have to expect, accept and also embrace it.
You have strong opinions and the willingness to do research to back up those opinions. I salute you for that. I once had very set in stone opinions about certain ideas and ideals, but with the passing of years I've come to realize that the world has very few issues that are black and white. Most are shaded in gray.
Take the differing opinions as a sign that, perhaps others have logical reasoning on their side also.
Remember, the world is a dialogue, not a monologue.
I really do wish you well.
Jan 11, '13I have been trying to keep to keep this thread open for its an important topic: preventing gun violence, especially in the schools.
Posts/threads have been edited to confirm to our Terms Of Service:
We promote the idea of lively debate. This means you are free to disagree with anyone on any type of subject matter as long as your criticism is constructive and polite. Additionally, please refrain from name-calling. This is divisive, rude, and derails the thread.
Our first priority is to the members that have come here because of the flame-free atmosphere we provide. There is a zero-tolerance policy here against personal attacks. We will not tolerate anyone insulting other's opinion nor name calling.
Our call is to be supportive, not divisive.
Jan 11, '13Statement from APHA Executive Director Dr. Georges C. Benjamin in response to events Friday, Dec. 14 in Newtown, Conn.
And a letter:
The American Public Health Association expressed its strong support for action to "protect our nation's children and their families from the growing epidemic of gun violence" in a letter sent today to President Barack Obama.
"Gun violence is one of the leading causes of preventable death in our country and we must take a comprehensive public health approach to addressing this growing crisis," wrote APHA Executive Director Georges Benjamin, MD. "For too long, we as a nation have failed to take on this devastating problem in our communities, and we can wait no longer."
Benjamin strongly supported the president's leadership in "developing a comprehensive public health approach to reducing gun violence in our nation," and outlined several key steps as part of such a plan, including:
- adopting common sense gun control legislation such as reinstating the federal ban on assault weapons and high-capacity magazines, and closing the "gun show loophole," which exempts private sellers of firearms from conducting criminal background checks on buyers at gun shows;
- expanding the collection and analysis of data related to gun violence and other violent deaths to better understand the causes and allow authorities to develop appropriate interventions to prevent such violence; and
- ensuring adequate funding for critical mental health services, and ensuring that the Affordable Care Act provides comprehensive coverage for mental health and substance abuse disorder services as part of the law's essential health benefits.
Jan 12, '13Are gun free signs on schools a common sense approach? Was midnight basketball a common sense approach to deterring crime? Let's have some common sense reforms on free speech and freedom of the press. How about some common sense reform on entitlements?
Quote from herring_RNStatement from APHA Executive Director Dr. Georges C. Benjamin in response to events Friday, Dec. 14 in Newtown, Conn.
APHA: Statement from APHA Executive Director Dr. Georges C. Benjamin in response to events Friday, Dec. 14 in Newtown, Conn.
And a letter:
Jan 12, '13Quote from herring_RNYes! That is something I could get behind. Also something appropiate for a nursing organization to be advocating for.I think there should be a school nurse in every school.
Jan 12, '13American Psychiatric Nurses Association Calls for Increased Access to Mental Health Care to Prevent Tragic Loss of Life
Falls Church, VA
December 20, 2012
..."As psychiatric mental health nurses, we are on the front lines in helping individuals deal with the traumas resulting from such senseless acts of violence. We are also aware of how mental health services can help identify and intervene with individuals who are at risk for such violent behaviors." says APNA President Beth Phoenix, PhD, RN, CNS. "To paraphrase the UNESCO Charter, 'Since violence begins in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defenses of peace must be constructed.' Expanding the availability of services that prevent mental disorders and provide effective treatment for those that cannot be prevented is essential in 'constructing the defenses of peace' in our communities."
APNA applauds the American Nurses Association for speaking out about this tragedy and has signed onto their letter that identifies measures aimed at preventing such tragedies in our communities. This letter urges policymakers at all levels to:
• Restore access to mental health services for individuals and families
• Increase students' access to nurses and mental health professionals from the elementary
school level through college
• Ban assault weapons and enact other meaningful gun control reforms to protect society
According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Mental Health Findings (2010), about 20% of American adults suffered from a mental illness during 2010. However, only about 13% of American adults received treatment for mental illness and 19% of those who did receive treatment still reported having experienced an unmet mental health need during that year. These numbers serve to underline the dire need for better access to mental health treatment. While horrific acts of violence such as the recent shootings are widely covered in the media, the tragic loss of tens of thousands of lives to suicide each year is an often hidden consequence of untreated mental illness.
Recently, cutbacks within schools and community health care systems have impeded critical access to school nurses and mental health professionals, such as psychiatric mental health nurses, who are trained to recognize and intervene early with those at risk for violent or self-harming behavior. These cuts have been exacerbated during the recent recession. At the same time, the demand for mental health services for all populations, including our nation's veterans, has been increasing. ...
October 31, 2011 Ball State Univ. Study:
Psychiatric nurses need training to reduce gun related suicides ..
Psychiatric nurses could play a role in preventing firearm suicides and homicides among the mentally ill, but few receive training on this issue, says a new study from Ball State University.
"Graduate Psychiatric Nurses' Training on Firearm Injury Prevention" found that in spite of the concrete recommendations from American Psychiatric Nursing Association, only 9.4 percent of psychiatric nursing programs in the U.S. reported training their students to look for signs that patients might shoot themselves or someone else, said study co-author Jagdish Khubchandani, a community health education professor in the university's Global Health Institute and Department of Physiology and Health Science.
This study is a part of a series conducted by Khubchandani and his colleagues, examining efforts by medical education to reduce firearm trauma. Their research has found that 80 to 90 percent of firearm suicides and homicides are committed by people with a mental health need. ...
Jan 12, '13Quote from Statement from APHA Executive Director Dr. Georges C. Benjamin in response to events Friday, Dec. 14 in Newtown, ConnSomewhat eloquent, but statistically wrong, and yet another example of Mr. Emanuel's advice (i.e., not letting a good crisis go to waste). I am not really amazed anymore at the wrong information that keeps coming out and is being repeated about gun violence lately. The stuff grows more legs every hour as people see something offered by a so-called authority (often a politician or somebody connected to one) and repeat it as though it was true.
"Gun violence is one of the leading causes of preventable death in our country and we must take a comprehensive public health approach to addressing this growing crisis," wrote APHA Executive Director Georges Benjamin, MD. "For too long, we as a nation have failed to take on this devastating problem in our communities, and we can wait no longer."
The advice we should follow is not that of Mayor Emanuel, but rather that of Mr. Thomas J. Watson, Sr... a gentleman I surmise almost nobody here has heard of ("Google" the name, please). His advice is simple:
"All the problems of the world could be settled easily if men were only willing to think."
Jan 12, '13Improving access to mental health services---especially for our youth---and taking psychiatric disorders at least as seriously as physical disease would not stop violence, but it might help prevent the development of violent tendencies that usually begin in childhood. As studies have shown, many people who commit serious crimes as adults suffered some sort of trauma in early life, leading to difficult behaviors and often progressing to fighting and defiance of authority as they grow older; later, they begin to self harm and/or hurt small animals, which all too frequently leads to violence against other humans. Professional intervention with a child in the early stages of this process would almost certainly reduce the number of these incidences and hopefully prevent future tragedies......but it also takes an educated society and the cooperation of parents, both of which are sadly lacking today.
Jan 14, '13Our health industry decided years ago that there was no value in funding mental health care...
We essentially de-funded community programs in the early 80s.
Insurance companies are not interested in providing the type of comprehensive coverage that is necessary if we are going to minimize the danger that some of these citizens can represent when untreated.
What I do know is this, taking my gun will not make it difficult or impossible for the crazy guy to steal his grandpa's gun and kill people.
Identifying the crazy guy and providing him with reasonable mental health care makes it less likely that he will harm someone.
Sorry for the insensitive use of the term "crazy"...
Jan 29, '13First of all, I don't agree that the NRA isn't protecting the 2nd amendment, but even if that were true why are you assuming that an organization protecting "GUN MANUFACTURERS" is so horrible? We have unions that protect automobile manufacturing industry workers, government bailouts to the Auto and other industries, yet have you seen the data on automobile related deaths, vehicular homocide. drunk driving? You don't have to be mentally ill to kill someone behind the wheel, either. It seems odd to me that villianizing manufacturing is your answer to these mass shootings. If the shooter had a couple rifles or handguns, do you think the outcome would have been different?
So then shall we ban ALL guns? Or just the high capacity ones? It seems to me that even 1 handgun in the hands of a these school shooters would have a devistating impact. Where does it end?
Shall we ban alcohol again? There is plenty of data that links alcohol use to domesting violence, assault, rape, murder. Banning a thing because, in your enlightened view, it's something "AVERAGE, civilians don't need access to" does NOTHING to address the real issue. That if someone wants to kill a person or a group of people, he will not need to do it with a gun, and if he wants to, he will secure one (or more) REGARDLESS if bans are present or not. Furthermore, he doesn't need to have automatic or semi-automatic guns to terrorize a community.
So let's put your crusade into practice: How many deaths occur due to drunk driving? How many lives has Crack-Cocaine, heroine or Methamphetamine destroyed? Maybe another ban or law will help here? I think not. It's just more empty action that will do nothing...more nothing...more nothing.
Moving to support yet another ban on those who would be going through a normal, legal process to secure firearms is going to be as effective against gun related violence/homicide as moving to support yet another law against drunk driving or alcohol or drug abuse. The criminals will STILL get access.
Jan 29, '13I recently read a news article that stated Brazil has perhaps the most strict gun laws of any country, but yet their murder by firearm rate is 5 times higher than that of the US, per capita. Everyone knows laws such as these don't work. People just like to tell themselves they did something.
Jan 29, '13just like there is the right to carry q gun there should be right to refuse mental health treatment and there is until person is already a danger. that wont help anyway , imo. if we want a country where guns are legal you have to excpect and accept this to occur


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Tina Knowles: Jay Z, Beyonce marriage is 'perfect'
Beyonce's mother has dispelled rumours her daughter's marriage to Jay Z is on the brink of collapse, insisting the couple's relationship is "perfect".
Speculation around the couple's marriage has been growing for months and recent rumours suggested the stars would announce their separation following the end of their joint On The Run tour this month.
The pair has yet to comment on the story, but the singer's mother Tina has now blasted the claims, insisting the stars are still together and very happy.
She tells TMZ.com, "Haters going be haters and there's nothing we can do about that… everything's perfect."
Beyonce and Jay Z married in 2008. They have a two-year-old daughter named Blue Ivy.


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On Saturday, Jan. 26, the Pfc. Charles N. DeGlopper Memorial Veterans of Foreign Wars Post No. 9249 is sponsoring a benefit at the Grand Island Knights of Columbus Hall, 1841 Whitehaven Road, for the Briggs family. Ray Briggs has been battling various health issues for the past few years. Now Donna Briggs has recently been diagnosed with stage-4 lung cancer.
The event will take place from 1 to 5 p.m. Benefit tickets are $20 and include food, soda and beer with a cash bar available. A basket raffle, 50/50 split raffle and other large ticket items will be featured in raffles. For tickets, call Steve DeMarco at 716-990-6976, Kathie Mehltretter at 716-983-4312, Mark Steward at 716-812-6306, or Kathy Butcher at 716-775-5522.


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Bullying among children is aggressive behavior that is intentional and involves an imbalance of power and strength. Parents are often reluctant to report to educators that their child is being bullied. Why?
- Parents may be unsure how best to help their child and may be afraid that they will make the situation worse if they report bullying.
- They may be embarrassed that their child is being bullied.
- Sometimes, children ask parents not to report bullying.
- Parents may fear being seen as overprotective.
- They may believe that it is up to their child to stop the bullying.
Children and youth often need help to stop bullying. Parents should never be afraid to call the school to report that their child is being bullied and ask for help to stop the bullying. Students should not have to tolerate bullying at school any more than adults would tolerate similar treatment at work.
The school's responsibility
All children are entitled to courteous and respectful treatment by students and staff at school. Educators have a duty to ensure that students have a safe learning environment. Fortunately, most educators take their responsibilities to stop bullying very seriously. Several states have passed anti-bullying laws and require public schools to have an antibullying program in place. Ask for a copy of your school's policy or check the student handbook to see whether your school has policies that will help resolve the problem.
Working with your child's school to solve the problem
If your child tells you that he or she has been bullied or if you suspect your child is being bullied, what can you do?
- Keep a written record of all bullying incidents that your child reports to you. Record the names of the children involved, where and when the bullying occurred, and what happened.
- Immediately ask to meet with your child's classroom teacher and explain your concerns in a friendly, non confrontational way.
- Ask the teacher about his or her observations:
- Has he or she noticed or suspected bullying?
- How is your child getting along with others in class?
- Has he or she noticed that your child is being isolated, excluded from playground or other activities with students?
- Ask the teacher what he or she intends to do to investigate and help to stop the bullying.
- If you are concerned about how your child is coping with the stress of being bullied, ask to speak with your child's guidance counselor or other school-based mental health professional.
- Set up a follow-up appointment with the teacher to discuss progress.
- If there is no improvement after reporting bullying to your child's teacher, speak with the school principal.
- Keep notes from your meetings with teachers and administrators.
What can you expect staff at your child's school to do about bullying?
- School staff should investigate the bullying immediately. After investigating your concerns, they should inform you as to what they plan to do about it.
- School staff should never have a joint meeting with your child and the child who bullied them. This could be very embarrassing and intimidating for your child. They should not refer the children to mediation. Bullying is a form of victimization, not a conflict. It should not be mediated.
- Staff should meet with your child to learn about the bullying that he or she has experienced. They should develop a plan to help keep your child safe, and they should be watchful for any future bullying. Educators should assure your child that they will work hard to see that the bullying stops.
- School personnel should meet with the children who are suspected of taking part in the bullying. They should make it clear to these children that bullying is against school rules and will not be tolerated. If appropriate, they should administer consequences (such as a loss of recess privileges) to the children who bullied and notify their parents.
- Educators and parents should be careful not to "blame the victim." Bullying is never the "fault" of the child who is bullied, and he or she shouldn't be made to feel responsible for being bullied. However, if your child is impulsive or lacks social skills, talk with a school counselor. It is possible that some students who are bullying your child are reacting out of annoyance. This doesn't make the bullying right, but it may help to explain why your child is being bullied.
- Give the school reasonable time to investigate and hear both sides of the story. Sometimes, a child who bullies will make false allegations about a child as an additional way of bullying them. Educators should not jump to hasty conclusions and assign blame without a thorough assessment of the situation. This entire process should not take longer than a week.
- If bullying continues, write to the school's principal or administrator and include evidence from your notes to back up your complaint. Putting a complaint in writing is important so there is a record of your concern.
- Most administrators and staff are responsive to bullying concerns. However, if your school administrator is unable or unwilling to stop the bullying, write to your school superintendent for assistance.
- Be persistent. You may need to keep speaking out about the bullying that your child experiences.
When should law enforcement become involved?
- Consider involving the police if another child has physically assaulted your child or is seriously threatening him or her with bodily injury.
- If the problem persists or escalates and your school officials are unable to stop the bullying, you may want to consult an attorney.
- Ask the school to keep a written record of all offenses committed against your child in case law enforcement officials need the information for further complaints.
Bullying prevention
- Bullying happens in every school, but with an effective bullying prevention program, bullying can be reduced. If your child is being bullied, chances are that there are other children in the school who are having similar experiences.
- If your school does not have official anti-bullying policies or an active bullying prevention program, work with other parents and your school officials to develop one.
Copyright ©2009 Stop Bullying Now!. All rights reserved.


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This Oakley Crossrange Prizm Sapphire is no longer available although you may find similar or newer versions below:
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Pathology – Professional Education
Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center are committed to establishing and maintaining high-quality Graduate Medical Education training programs.
Content us
To learn more about educational programs in Pathology, call
The Department of Pathology includes the Divisions of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical Pathology and Experimental Pathology. Faculty members' expertise covers the full spectrum of major pathology subspecialties in Anatomic and Clinical Pathology. Faculty in Experimental Pathology include highly successful scientists who have made significant contributions to our understanding of skin pigmentation, cancer genomics, viral oncogenesis, cancer detection, DNA mutagenesis, and polycystic ovary disease.
See all pathology residency and fellowship opportunities listed below.
Residencies and Fellowships
Find more information about all of our residency and fellowship programs.
Pathology Residency
The Pathology Residency Program is an integral part of the Department of Pathology and plays an important role in the academic and clinical life of the medical center. During their training at Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center and Penn State College of Medicine, residents build their knowledge and experience in the various disciplines of anatomic pathology, clinical pathology and experimental pathology.
Blood Banking/Transfusion Medicine Fellowship
The Blood Banking/Transfusion Medicine Fellowship at Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center is a fully funded one-year, ACGME-accredited position that admits one fellow per year.
Explore Blood Banking/Transfusion Medicine Fellowship
Dermatopathology Fellowship
The Dermatopathology Fellowship at Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center is a one-year, ACGME-accredited program that admits one fellow per year.
Explore Dermatopathology Fellowship
Hematopathology Fellowship
The Hematopathology Fellowship at Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center is a fully funded, one-year, ACGME-accredited program that admits one fellow per year.
Explore Hematopathology Fellowship
Surgical Pathology Fellowship
This is a fully-funded one year ACGME-accredited position that includes training in all aspects of clinical adult and pediatric surgical pathology. Applicants should be board-certified or board-eligible in combined Anatomic/Clinical Pathology or Anatomic Pathology only.
The Anatomic Pathology elective is tailored to best serve each student's individual goals. For instance, you may: be considering a career in pathology; desire a review of the pathology of human disease; or you may have chosen a residency already, and want to improve your understanding of the related pathology.
Postdoctoral Training
The one-year postdoctoral fellowship in microbiology, offered through the Department of Pathology, is intended to train and prepare the applicant to compete for CPEP (ASM) accredited two-year fellowships and board certification in medical and public health microbiology.
A maximum of one fellow is admitted per year, working in the laboratories of the Pathology Department. The applicant will apply a variety of techniques during on-the-job training in clinical laboratory procedures primarily utilized in a clinical microbiology (Dr. Craft) and virology (Dr. Wallace Greene) laboratory serving a healthcare system in Central Pennsylvania.
All positions are posted via PSU Jobs, and applications are accepted only through that platform.


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John Proctor's House.
HALE: Mary Warren, a needle have been found inside this poppet.
MARY WARREN, bewildered: Why I meant no harm by it, sir.
PROCTOR, quickly: You stuck that needle in yourself?
MARY WARREN: I--I believe I did, sir I--
PROCTOR, to Hale: What say you now?
HALE, watching Mary Warren closely: Child, you are certain this be your natural memory? May it be, perhaps that someone conjures you even now to say this?
MARY WARREN: Conjures me? Why no sir, I am entirely myself, I think. Let you ask Susanna Walcott—-she saw me sewin' it in court. Or better still: Ask Abby, Abby sat beside me when I made it.
PROCTOR, to Hale and Cheever: Bid him begone. Your mind is surely settled now. Bid him out, Mr. Hale.
ELIZABETH: What signifies a needle?
HALE: Mary—-you charge a cold and cruel murder on Abigail.
MARY WARREN: Murder! I charge no—-
HALE: Abigail was stabbed tonight; a needle were found stuck into her belly—-
ELIZABETH: And she charges me?
HALE: Aye.
ELIZABETH, her breath knocked out: Why—-! The girl is murder! She must be ripped out of the world!
CHEEVER, pointing at Elizabeth: You've heard that, sir! Ripped out of the world! Herrick, you heard it!
PROCTOR, suddenly snatching the warrant out of Cheever's hands: Out with you.
CHEEVER, Proctor, you dare not touch the warrant.
PROCTOR, ripping the warrant: Out with you!
CHEEVER: You've ripped the Deputy Governor's warrant, man!
PROCTOR: Damn the Deputy Governor! Out of my House!
HALE: Now, Proctor, Proctor!
PROCTOR: Get y'gone with them! You are a broken minister.
HALE: Proctor, if she is innocent, the court—-
PROCTOR: If she is innocent! Why do you never wonder if Parris be innocent, or Abigail? Is the accuser always holy now? Were they born this morning as clean as God's fingers? I'll tell you what's walking Salem—-vengeance is walking Salem. We are what we always were in Salem, but now the little crazy children are jangling the keys of the kingdom, and common vengeance writes the law! This warrant's vengeance! I'll not give my wife to vengeance!
THE CRUCIBLE opened in 1953 at the Martin Beck. © Arthur Miller 1952, reprinted with permission.
The Kellers' backyard.
KELLER: Listen, you do like I did and you'll be all right. The day I come home, I got out of my car;—but not in front of the house . . . on the corner. You should've been here, Annie, and you too, Chris; you'd-a seen something. Everybody knew I was getting out that day; the porches were loaded. Picture it now; none of them believed I was innocent. The story was, I pulled a fast one getting myself exonerated. So I get out of my car, and I walk down the street. But very slow. And with a smile. The beast! I was the beast; the guy who sold cracked cylinder heads to the Army Air Force; the guy who made twenty-one P-40's crash in Australia. Kid, walkin' down the street that day I was guilty as hell. Except I wasn't, and there was a court paper in my pocket to prove I wasn't, and I walked . . . past . . . the porches. Result? Fourteen months later I had one of the best shops in the state again, a respected man again; bigger than ever.
CHRIS with admiration: Joe McGuts.
KELLER: now with great force: That's the only way you lick 'em is guts!
ALL MY SONS opened in 1947 at the Coronet Theater. © Arthur Miller 1947, reprinted with permission.
Howard's Office.
WILLY, desperately: Just let me tell you a story, Howard—
HOWARD: 'Cause you gotta admit, business is business.
WILLY, angrily: Business is definitely business, but just listen for a minute. You don't understand this. When I was a boy—eighteen, nineteen— I was already on the road. And there was a question in my mind as to whether selling had a future for me. Because in those days I had a yearning to go to Alaska. See, there were three gold strikes in one month in Alaska, and I felt like going out. Just for the ride, you might say.
HOWARD, barely interested: Don't say.'
WILLY: Oh, yeah, my father lived many years in Alaska. He was an adventurous man. We've got quite a little streak of self-reliance in our family. I thought I'd go out with my older brother and try to locate him, and maybe settle in the North with the old man. And I was almost decided to go, when I met a salesman in the Parker House. His name was Dave Singleman. And he was eighty-four years old, and he'd drummed merchandise in thirty-one states. And old Dave, he'd go up to his room, y'understand, put on his green velvet slippers—I'll never forget—and pick up his phone and call the buyers, and without ever leaving is room, at the age of eighty-four, he made his living. And when I saw that, I realized that selling was the greatest career a man could want. 'Cause what could be more satisfying than to be able to go, at the age of eighty-four, into twenty or thirty different cities, and pick up a phone, and be remembered and loved and helped by so many different people? Do you know? When he died—and by the way he died the death of a salesman, in his green velvet slippers in the smoker of the New York, New Haven and Hartford, going into Boston—when he died, hundreds of salesmen and buyers were at his funeral. Things were sad on a lotta trains for months after that. He stands up. Howard has not looked at him. In those days there was personality in it, Howard. There was respect, and comradeship, and gratitude in it. Today, it's all cut and dried, and there's no chance for bringing friendship to bear—or personality. You see what I mean? They don't know me anymore.
DEATH OF A SALESMAN opened in 1949 at the Morosco Theater. © Arthur Miller 1949, reprinted with permission.
The attic of a Manhattan brownstone soon to be torn down.
WALTER: Vic, I wish we could talk for weeks, theres so much I want to tell you . . . . It is not rolling quite the way he would wish and he must pick examples of his new feelings out of the air. I never had friends—-you probably know that. But I do now, I have good friends. He moves, sitting nearer Victor, his enthusiasm flowing. It all happens so gradually. You start out wanting to be the best, and there's no question that you do need a certain fanaticism; there's so much to know and so little time. Until you've eliminated everything extraneous—-he smiles—-including people. And of course the time comes when you realize that you haven't merely been specializing in something—-something has been specializing in you. You become a kind of instrument, an instrument that cuts money out of people, or fame out of the world. And it finally makes you stupid. Power can do that. You get to think that because you can frighten people they love you. Even that you love them.—-And the whole thing comes down to fear. One night I found myself in the middle of my living room, dead drunk with a knife in my hand, getting ready to kill my wife.
ESTHER: Good Lord!
WALTER: Oh ya—-and I nearly made it too! He laughs. But there's one virtue in going nuts—-provided you survive, of course. You get to see the terror—-not the screaming kind, but the slow, daily fear you call ambition, and cautiousness, and piling up the money. And really, what I wanted to tell you for some time now—-is that you helped me to understand that in myself.
VICTOR: Me?
WALTER: Yes. He grins warmly, embarrassed. Because of what you did. I could never understand it, Vic—-after all, you were the better student. And to stay with a job like that through all those years seemed . . . He breaks off momentarily, the uncertainty of Victor's reception widening his smile. You see, it never dawned on me until I got sick—that you'd made a choice.
VICTOR: A choice, how?
WALTER: You wanted a real life. And that's an expensive thing; it costs.
THE PRICE opened in 1974 at the Morosco Theater. © Arthur Miller 1968, reprinted with permission.
A law office.
ALFIERI: Eddie, I want you to listen to me. Pause. You know, sometimes God mixes up the people. We all love somebody, the wife, the kids—-every man's got somebody that he loves, huh? But sometimes . . . there's too much. You know? There's too much, and it goes where it mustn't. A man works hard, he brings up a child, sometimes it's a niece, sometimes even a daughter, and he never realizes it, but through the years—-there is too much love for the daughter, there is too much love for the niece. Do you understand what I'm saying to you?
EDDIE, sardonically: What do you mean, I shouldn't look out for her good?
ALFIERI: Yes, but these things have to end, Eddie, that's all. The child has to grow up and go away, and the man has to learn to forget. Because after all, Eddie—-what other way can it end? Pause. Let her go. That's my advice. You did your job, now it's her life; wish her luck, and let her go. Pause. Will you do that? Because there's no law, Eddie; make up your mind to it; the law is not interested in this.
EDDIE: You mean to tell me, even if he's a punk? If he's—
ALFIERI: There's nothing you can do.
The one-act version of A VIEW FROM THE BRIDGE opened in 1956 at the Coronet Theater; the two-act version also opened in 1956 at London's Comedy Theater. © Arthur Miller 1955, reprinted with permission.