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How safe is Brazil? Do's and don'ts?
September 2009
edited September 2009
- Brazil
I plan on spending 3 months in Brazil this summer but am increasingly concerned about safety. I have heard there is hostility and even aggression towwards Americans, and plenty of mugging and violent crime in the big cities. For example if go the beach myself is it crazy to leave my stuff under my towel on the sand whilei swim?? Walking about walking alone at night exploring the city? I also want to drive a car down the coast - is hijacking and bad driving a big problem? Any advice or tips and do's and don'ts much appreciated. Thanks.
September 2009
edited 5:07PM
The cities of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo are one of the most dangerous cities in South America in terms of mugging, petty theft, etc. I would never walk alone, in the daytime or at night, and would not wear any type of jewelry. In no case should you leave your items unattended anywhere, whether on the beach or anywhere else. If you are spending several months there, hopefully it's at someone's home. They should give you guidance on what you should or should not do while there. If you don't speak Portugese, that's another roadblock. I hope this helps.
Lilliam Larsen
September 2009
edited 5:07PM
Hi there,
I came across your post while browsing the net, I'm am planning to make a 2 - 3 week trip over Argentina and Brazil and was planning to spend 5 days in rio. As a lone female traveller, by reading your comments it seems this isn't too wise?
September 2009
edited September 2009
sorry about the double post...computer problems..
September 2009
edited January 2010
How safe is Brazil? Millions of people travel to brazil and thousands from all over the world for carnaval.
Although crime exists everywhere, it is good to be aware and SMART but not paranoid..
As somebody who grew up in Rio, I never had a problem. Being that I grew up in a favela, I have a little more fears of places like Copacabana because the criminals will look for victims there. They are going to go to tourist areas first because that is where the money is.
But many people have been to Rio and had a wonderful time..so, be aware and smart, but please do not be paranoid...Rio has lots to offer..
November 2009
edited 5:07PM
I have been to S
December 2009
edited 5:07PM
Dear friend
don't be concerned about the safety! very nice palce you will not forget
I just came from Rio, only take care like in any big city and that is it
go walk in Copa at night and drink beer wonderfull!
January 2010
edited 5:07PM
Hi There,
Next week Im traveling to Sao Paulo on a business trip for 4 week.
So I want to know the posible way to spend my weekends thr with low cost.
and aslo im planning to visit Rio for 2days 1 night.
Please suggest me on the same
May 2010
edited 5:07PM
Hello ! SOS :I need help from anyone please, I like to go to Sao Paulo couple weeks I living in England for 30 Years ! my Passport is from Belgium . Anyone can tell me if I can travel to Brasil with Passport only ? And how much time I can I stay please in Brasil ? Also how many injections ? and how much time I must wait before I can travel after have all injections ? Can I buy a open Ticket for have a long stay. make a good deal just for Plane ticket and fast arrive ?? PLEASE ANYONE DO HELP ME. The men I love living in Brasil .
Tyou to anyone for read me and help me. Mouchette xx
My Email is
[email protected]
May 2010
edited 5:07PM
You have many questions about Brazil. Read through the Word Travels guide to
here and most of them will be answered!
June 2010
edited 5:07PM
Hi there- Re safety cities in Brazil are just like cities anywhere in the world. You have to keep out of dangerous areas like favelas (shanty towns) and you have to be careful with your belongings - particularly flashy jewellery, laptops and large cameras. Outside cities and particlarly when travelling off the beaten track Brazil is actually one of the safest countries to be in. In 30 years travelling here I have never had a problem.
If you want more info on travelling safely in Brazil check out this posting on my blog: http://hiddenpousadasbrazil.blogspot.com/2009/08/25-tips-for-travelling-safely-in-brazil.html
July 2010
edited 5:07PM
As mentioned before, Brazil is quite safe as long as you stay away from the danger areas, which as far as I am aware are mainly the favelas. In S
November 2010
edited 5:07PM
one should be concerned with safety
always !
but not necessarily more here in Brazil than in the rest of the world
always the same basic rule (in the whole world) : stay out of the spotlight, do not attract / create any attention
and you will automatically feel a lot safer
I am living in Bahia for 5 years now (www.basix.cc)
and never had major problems, of course I have been robbed, of course the my ship has been burglared but could happen at any place where I went ...
greetz from the tropIX
November 2010
edited 5:07PM
I see that most of the comments here are about Rio. I would like to hear of any experiences in Natal & Fortaleza. Special insights about safety and criminality. I read on a Wiki page about Fortaleza that crime was not only confined to the Favelas, with the tourist areas also a target. What worries me is their murder rate, which was 35 per 100,000 residents (in my country it's 1). Also that car jacking was a big problem.
So any help or experiences???
November 2010
edited 5:07PM
Most of the comments in this thread area about Rio. I am wondering how safe it is in Fortaleza & Natal. I read in a Wiki article that Fortaleza enjoys a murder rate of 35 per 100,000 residents (in my country it's 1), and car jacking is a problem too. What worried me most is the fact that these problems seems to spill out into the tourist areas too.
So what is the experience of others for these two cities?? And, by the way, I can well appreciate the advise of being careful; don't flash cash or valuables, etc., etc. I'm looking for for people's experience and feelings while they were there. In other words, what was your level of comfort?? Any help or advice would be gratefully accepted.
November 2010
edited 5:07PM
Most of the comments in this thread area about Rio. I am wondering how safe it is in Fortaleza & Natal. I read in a Wiki article that Fortaleza enjoys a murder rate of 35 per 100,000 residents (in my country it's 1), and car jacking is a problem too. What worried me most is the fact that these problems seems to spill out into the tourist areas too.
So what is the experience of others for these two cities?? And, by the way, I can well appreciate the advise of being careful; don't flash cash or valuables, etc., etc. I'm looking for for people's experience and feelings while they were there. In other words, what was your level of comfort?? Any help or advice would be gratefully accepted.
November 2010
edited 5:07PM
Most of the comments in this thread area about Rio. I am wondering how safe it is in Fortaleza & Natal. I read in a Wiki article that Fortaleza enjoys a murder rate of 35 per 100,000 residents (in my country it's 1), and car jacking is a problem too. What worried me most is the fact that these problems seems to spill out into the tourist areas too.
So what is the experience of others for these two cities?? And, by the way, I can well appreciate the advise of being careful; don't flash cash or valuables, etc., etc. I'm looking for for people's experience and feelings while they were there. In other words, what was your level of comfort?? Any help or advice would be gratefully accepted.
December 2010
edited 5:07PM
Hi I was considering going on a volunteer trip to Sao Gabriel, and Manaus, however, safety has become a major concern, can anyone shed some light on these places?
September 2011
edited 5:07PM
I went through all the experiences written here. I felt some what contradictory statements like some people said its safe but some people shared their expereinces of theft etc I am travelling to Sao Paulo in Oct '11, can some help me on the safety on individual travelling and where I can spend the weekend at a cheaper cost? Since I am an Indian I am a pure vegetarian (DONT EAT MEAT) can some help if i get a good vegetarian/Indian restaurants?
October 2011
edited 5:07PM
No worries, Sydney/AU is also a dangerous place to live. If you want to go to a safe place, go to Debrecen / Hungary, here nothing happens, but it is very safe.
October 2011
edited 5:07PM
You find violence anywhere you go, just be smart and you wont have troubles...but take necessary care with your stuffs. Brazil is as safe as Paris, London or New York. Otherwise, you still have the option to do not come !
October 2011
edited 5:07PM
You find violence anywhere you go, just be smart and you wont have troubles...but take necessary care with your stuffs. Brazil is as safe as Paris, London or New York. Otherwise, you still have the option to do not come !
December 2011
edited 5:07PM
Everywhere is safe if you walk in the light !
Most murder cases in Brazil are related to consumption of drugs.
Those who walk in the light will have no problem, even in slums.
I am sure 99% of people in slums are simple and honest workers.
It is simple, pay attention to your belongs and stay in the light.
January 2012
edited 5:07PM
I am going on a holiday to Brazil in 2014..
my family doesnt know exactly which places we are going to in Brazil but i dont want to go anywhere that if i walk outside i will get mugged!!
so can someone please tell me where the SAFEST place is in Brazil to help my family out.. we have a big family, young kids and i dont want them to be kidnapped if i take my eye off them for 5 seconds! PLEASE HELP ME!
thanks xx
April 2012
edited 5:07PM
Have fun in 2014! Because that will be an insane year to go, im sure the thieves will be going out like crazy. BUT that does not mean u need to act crazy. I have been to brazil once and it was the most amazing time of my life. i am going again in summer. Here are some general tips: brazilians are incredibly friendly, they will all say hello and give u kisses, dont be shy. u will notice, clothing is laid back, and there is very little of it. DO NOT OVER-DRESS. that will scream tourist. especially with tons of jewelry (bad idea) this is a time to relax, so dress relaxed. When I go, I am with people who live in Brazil, so luckily, I am the only tourist-loking person in the group. It is a good idea to not put out there that u are american. not saying u have to keep your mouth shut, but don't put it all out there. Just face it, any1 can get mugged anywhere in this world...so basically dont be stupid. U should NOT walk alone at dark. EVER. even be cautious in small groups. Most people take taxis and the bus in the evening. Avoid sketchy places, dont go anywhere near what are called "favela" aka. the ghetto slums. Fantastic places are: Buzios, Rio, Copacabana, and Impanema. they are always busy places as well. WONDERFUL food, shopping and sight seeing. Just sitting on the beach is like being in a postcard. Just make sure u talk to your children clearly about the trip telling them never to talk to strangers, and to keep an eye on one another. as always. The places I listed previously are great. u will love all of them. this will be a trip of a life time. I am hoping to go that year as well if i can afford it! just be smart, have fun, dont carry many valuables, (don't have too much cash on u ever) take only as much as u will need for each day. no jewelry. obviously dont wear clothing that has like american flags on it haha. people love to talk to americans because many brazilians wish to be us. they look at us like WOWWWWWW UR SO COOL (not kidding) so they may be a bit infatuated. just make sure if they seem sketchy u remain nice and leave. I dont mean to scare u but seriously it is heaven. and worst case scenario, if u do get mugged, give them the money. they will become violent if u fight back. valuables are better off stolen than you. i spent 2 months there and nothing bad happend, i didnt meet any weird people at all, no violence. didnt even see any crimes happen. honestly im sure nothing will happen.
just dont go alone at night
stay in populated places at night
dress laid back
keep that u r american on the down lo (some people say they dont like americans, that is not true, they are obsessed with us. they may even ask funny questions, like "do u really have this there?) the only ones who "dont like" us is the thieves because they think all americans are rich spoiled...theyre basically jealous.
dont let your children talk to strangers, make sure they are well behaved enough to listen to u...if it was me i would start talking to them about 6 months before the trip, telling them cool facts about brazil, such as they dont speak english, etc. so they can get a gist of what it will be like. and go over safety rules with them...like no talking to strangers, etc. u should make a code word if anything happens.
April 2012
edited 5:07PM
if u have more questions feel free to ask.
sorry 4 the essay!
May 2012
edited 5:07PM
I'm sorry jbsdhibcd, but brazilians never wanted to be "american" as all of us who were born in AMERICA south or north will always be american... anyway... you had a wrong point of view saying that brazilians wants to be like noth americans. Brazil could be quite safe if you take some nice care such explained above, you just got to be smart and your trip will be amazing. Hope you have a great one down in Brazil.
PS: if i could i would love to buy a house there.
July 2012
edited 5:07PM
Almost everyone I know who's been to Barcelona has been mugged but I was not given a second look by the locals. My simple advice is just don't look too much like a tourist. Walk with confidence and purpose and dont have big expensive cameras dangling on your shoulder. Most 'street hustlers' are north african and any who would begin to approach were met with 'Lo Shokram' which is Arabic for 'no thanks'.
The only time I had a scary encounter was in Marrakesh when a group of teenagers started following me then eventually surrounded me. When their demand for money wasn't met I simply shouted very loudly at them and they backed off. I suppose it's all about calling their bluff. If you start to show weakness, people will exploit it.
July 2012
edited 5:07PM
jbsdhibcd....your the reason why americans are hated when they travel with that attitude. Absolutly horrible thinking....no they don't think your to cool...you think your to cool. obssessed they are, are u half mental? Most Countries travel and get love cause we don't think with a mentality of bullshit. I've been everywhere. You say don't where the red white and blue in brazil. Your ego spits it brother. From a canadian with love for americans and all. Happy travels guys!
Anya K
July 2012
edited 5:07PM
I've also had experiences in my travels where locals were very excited and inquisitive about meeting an American. It tends to happen more in areas that get little tourist traffic, but I think the same feeling applies to meeting a person from any country for the first time... just like I was very interested the first time I met someone from Ecuador. We're all curious about the world:-)
August 2012
edited 5:07PM
I am traveling to Brazil (Divinopolis Minas Gerais) and curious about its safety! Any experiences anyone? Your comments are very appreciated. Thanks so much!
September 2012
edited 5:07PM
Brazil is safe for travel.you can travel and enjoy the trip without any problem.
February 2013
edited 5:07PM
Go to Brazil at your own peril...be it be robbed, tortured, killed or raped.
Play with fire and you will soon get burnt.
Women travelers who get raped in spite of the warnings...people who get mugged and hurt in spite of the warnings must not whinge about being victimised. They must be secretly seeking it.
Brazil may be a nice place but I do not like the fact how I'm, probability-speaking, going to be violated while I'm there.
No thanks!! There are so many other beautiful places around the world where being harmed is not as (almost) guaranteed as in Brazil.
And yeah, funny how it seems those here who try to downplay the situation and even encourage people not to be too concerned are like barkers for the muggers, rapists and killers.
Anya K
February 2013
edited 5:07PM
What a negative view! And utter nonsense. I have many (female) friends who have both lived and travelled in Brazil and found the country warm and wonderful.
As a South African especially, I can say that there will always be doomsayers bent on destroying a country's reputation entirely, while completely ignoring the best parts of it.
February 2013
edited 5:07PM
Poor Bert.
I've heard in Thailand, keeping your belongings in your hotel/hostel to avoid being robbed on the beach results in... your hotel room being robbed. Having heard this story, I never know where I should keep my money/passport. Better on my person or locked up somewhere? It sounds paranoid, but it's hard to know such things before u get there hey? I am guessing it is nothing like this in Brazil?
As for the oh-so-cool Americans, there is some fascination because of your overrepresentation on TV. But arrogance is the thing that bothers people. Pay attention to the local culture, simmer down and try to follow the rules of the space. The one thing I noticed that really frustrates me is how loud they insist on speaking. It's worse when they feel their liberal rules of discussion subjects which might be sensitive in the local country, out loud just because hey it's ok in America. U have to play by the local rules, that's why you are travelling. U don't have to pretend to be somebody else, just pay attention and don't be too stubborn abt doing things your way. Not all Americans are like that of course, this is just the most obvious/common bad trait that we come across. So just keep that in mind.
March 2013
edited 5:07PM
Im an American from California, and I have traveled to Brazil various times over the years, to São Paulo, Rio, Bahia, Paraty, Parana, Porto Alegre, among other places. Generally speaking, you need to watch yourself anywhere you go in Brazil. Always stay aware of your surroundings, day or night, inside or out. Now, some regions are more dangerous than others. The city that I really felt this the most was in Sao Paulo. Honestly, São Paulo is very dangerous, even in the best neighborhoods like Jardins, where I always stayed in the finest hotels. Unless you have local friends to drive you around to clubs, restaurants, etc, you will be in your hotel, in a taxi, and at your final destinations, and thats it! Its isnt safe to walk around too much on your own in Sao Paulo. Its so easy to get mugged there. If youre with a group of locals walking around, thats a different story. Your friends will keep the muggers away, just by being locals. But a lot of crazy things happen in São Paulo: fancy restaurants getting robbed, with all customers being robbed at gunpoint, express kidnappings (where one is forced to withdraw cash from an atm), credit card numbers being stolen by workers in stores, among other things. In fact, I really dont recommend staying in Sao Paulo for more than 3 or 4 days. There are much nicer places in Brazil to see. However, like I said, crime is everywhere in Brazil, so even in the most remote and picturesque places, you need to always be on guard. Trust me, you need to.
Make sure that at EVERY HOTEL that you stay at, that it as a cofre, or safe (to store valuables, money, passport, etc) IN THE HOTEL ROOM. If the hotel does not have a lockable safe in the room, do not stay there. Some hotels only have a safe at the front desk reception area; stay away from these hotels!
June 2013
How cute that there are people who think Brazil is as safe as Paris or New York! I've been all over Europe and I've been to Brazil. I feel safer driving through Oakland at night than I do in the daytime in Brazil.
Brazil IS extremely dangerous, in many ways. Call the police or an ambulance there for an energency, and it could take them up to 45 minutes before they arrive. Oh, and watch out for dangling live electric wires left unattended by the electric company: a cousin of mine who lives in Recife was electrocuted and killed this last Tuesday while walking his dog when a broken wire fell on him. Muggings of tourists are commonplace in all big cities in Brazil...and while you might get pickpocketed in tourist spots in Paris, Barcelona, and (maybe) in New York, Brazil is different in that in Rio, Recife, Fortaleza or São Paulo they won't just pickpocket you...they may just put a knife or other sharp object like a shard of glass up to your neck and demand all your money and jewelry. Watch your camera...or better yet, don't take it out to take pictures unless you are with a tour guide in a large group who says it is ok.(We don't have to worry about that in New York, Barcelona, Rome, or Paris).
Be careful crossing the street. Oh, and don't think a red light will keep cars from running you over in a crosswalk. RUN across the street. Cars have the right of way. (We don't have to worry about that in New York, Barcelona, Rome, or Paris).And watch out for drive-by shootings and stray bullets in places like São Paulo and Rio. (We don't have to worry about that in New York, Barcelona, Rome, or Paris).
At night, drivers in cities like Recife won't remain waiting stopped at a red light if there is no on-coming cross traffic...they will stop and then go, running the red light. Why? Because sitting at a red light at night in most cities is much too dangerous and one risks getting mugged (thieves have been known to come up to car windows and point a gun at the driver)...(We don't have to worry about that in New York, Barcelona, Rome, or Paris).
Unless you are staying with a local, Brazil is best visited on an organized tour. Unlike Florence, Tokyo, Paris, San Francisco, Rome, and New York, Brazil is no place for a foreigner to visit on his/her own...there are very few cities there where the average tourist can just leave the hotel and go "exploring"...I was born there and speak Portuguese fluently (but have lived here in California most of my life and am very thankful for that), and I won't go out by myself when I am there visiting family.
If you MUST go to Brazil, either stay with locals (if you know any) or go on an organized tour....otherwise, the world has many other equallly (if not more) beautiful places to see which are also much safer
July 2013
I want to ask a question here?? Is that true that Brazil are violence area... Actually i am moving Brazil in this month north and Even I Order
to pack or move my all accessories for moving to my new address... Is this safe for me and my family or not give me advice?????
August 2013
Hello Everyone! Brazil is one of the best places in the world to visit. As for safety, its all about your city and your neighborhood, just like any other country. Mooca, for example, is a very safe neighborhood in São Paulo, even for foreigners.
December 2013
edited December 2013
Safety is much depending on yourself.
Here in Salvador da Bahia for example one needs to be as discrete as possible, in other words : do not show off in any possible way and you'll be pretty safe.
Also : do not walk where you are having doubts, in case of doubts just take a guide.
Greetz from Salvador da Bahia
January 2014
OK, it looks that the main doubts about Brazil concern to safety, that's right?
Starting with the good news, Brazil is gifted with a very extensive coast where beautiful beaches excel. In addition to the sea shore, it is rewarding traveling to places like Iguaçu Falls, Pantanal, Amazon, and many other attractions deserving a stay. This is all to say that if safety real matters, one can find worthwhile touristic spots skipping big cities like Rio, Sao Paulo, Salvador, Recife, to mention places where the odds to face mugging are unfavourable, even though these areas are visited by lots of foreigners who have felt unbothered all the time. In the nice state of Santa Catarina it is possible to find beaches and nature as beautiful as those in Rio or in the northeast, and there one can enjoy the trip with much less concerns. The islands of Fernando de Noronha are environmental protected and far away from mainland, therefore their maritim treasures can be explored peacefully.
Now the bad news. Rio has been considered one of the most wonderful cities in Earth, with breathtaking landscapes from its mountains, wilderness, beaches, not to mention the beauty of the girls sunbathing in Ipanema beach. Although crime may ocurr everywhere in town, and having fearful figures about that, it would be a pity preventing oneself to be indulged in this unique place, provided that rules and advices are followed. Sao Paulo is the brazilian powerhouse, and the main finantial center. It is a big city, ugly at first sight, but very sophisticated, with a broad array of restaurants, clubs, music halls, theaters, and imposing malls, but very unsafe to hanging out far from the most populated areas; it is not surprising that luxury shopping is conveniently located into its flourish net of malls, where people fill safer than anywhere in town.
To summarize, even with all the drawbacks Brazil is a touristic destination to be seriously taken into account, for those who want to experience the tropical atmosphere, multicultured and ethnic diverse population, who is friendly and nice with people coming from abroad, and to make their best to network even with their lack of ability to speak other tongues but portuguese
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Skip to comments.Megalith Builders, Red Paint People and Algonquins
Posted on 10/21/2011 5:35:24 PM PDT by Renfield
...Hearing that the entire language group including the Algonquins (and the others more generically called Algonkians) is most closely related to Old World languages with a Megalithic connection was revealing to me because the peoples with the Algonquin-related languages are also ones that are otherwise compared to Western Europeans....
...The book Men Out Of Asia by Harold Gladwin(mcGraw Hill, 1947) was also written when a more racist view of Physical Anthropology was the norm, and the book hypothesizes a series of different movements of people into America (Gladwin assumes via the Bering Straits)Gladwin's second migration dating from 15000 to 2500 BC, which he termed Folsom and Negroid: we would tend to think more Clovis and African (Out-of-Africa Solutrean CroMagnons, to be specific)The Third Migration as Gladwin saw it was Algonquin and 2500 to 500 BC. That might have started earlier but it is probably about the right time-window for both the origin of the Language group and the derivation of Megalithic culture, allowing that it survived longer in the New World. It would also presumably include the onset of the Adena mound-building period. Gladwin notices a variety of culture traits including ground-stone celts (small axheads or tomahawk heads)cordmarked pottery and useful woodlands adaptations such as birchbark canoes and snowshoes. In part the Woodlands culture was a lot like the European Mesolithic. Gladwin makes a guess that the basic original Algonquins were probably Mediterraneans but they mixed with peoples from across the whole of Asia: we might read that as meaning of the Eurasian language Superfamily. Gladwin specifically has a point of origin in Spain at 2000-2500 BC (p143-145)....
PaleoAtlantic ping.
Algonquian languages are not organized along at all similar lines as any language I know from Europe. At all. Definitely not anything Indo-European, and probably not any pre-Indo-European substrate languages of the Mediterranean.
If I was keen on proving the author's theory, I would start analyzing proto-Algonquian grammar and see if there is any solid, regular connection with linguistic substrata in Europe (Basque, Etruscan, pre-Greek, etc.). But it's pretty doubtful. I actually came to Algonquian grammar after having studied Latin, Greek, Etruscan, Osco-Umbrian etc. It's a pretty stark difference...Mediterranean languages are typically inflected, whereas Algonquian, like many American languages, is agglutinative.
To make a long story short, I wouldn't put a whole lot of stock in this hypothesis the author lays out.
The Talkers on the Canadian side of the Akwesasne have some of the same Euro-parallel information such as the Dardenelles ``stone canoe that can go upstream by itself.`` 99% of the Talkers` knowledge is not written down- just oral transmission from thousands of years ago. They will not speak to anyone who is not Nation. [cf Greek legends,- ]
A 30 year old book, America BC, postulated that the eastern tribes, particularly the Algonkian had been influenced by Celtic travellers from Europe of 300-100 BC. The author used Caesar's descriptions of the vessels of the Celtic Brits in The Commentaries, large nulti deck vessels with sails and oars, much larger and more sea worthy than the Roman Triremes,that could have made the cross Atlantic voyages. Also the presence of furs in Celtic and Gaulish culture that,in retrospect, do not seem native to Europe, but to America,
I was just about to ping you to this. Not surprisingly, you're already here.
I'm a believer:
The relationships between these languages are not readily established by looking at vocabulary (since your typical agglutinative language readily absorbs words from any source). At the same time there are relationships somewhere. DNA studies suggest they are in the Western European Ice Age refugia in Iberia!
Once you know that there's a DNA sequence peculiar to the first group(s) to leave the refugia at the time of the big meltdown (14,000 years ago) it's a simple matter to look for others. That has been done ~ they are Berber, Fulbe, Sa'ami, Cherokee, Iroquois, Chippewa/Ojibway, and Yakuts.
Lotsa walkin'.
|GGG managers are SunkenCiv, StayAt HomeMother & Ernest_at_the_Beach
Thanks Renfield. It seems to me it was a pretty great week for GGG topics.
Interesting. Back to see this later.
This is haplogroup X?
it's a combination of factors ~ not just having related haplogroups.
Wonderful article. One of anthro's lasting shames is cooperation with the PC "Native American" crowd who immdiately seize and rebury (and hide from examination) any ancient American remains that are clearly of European descent.
Follow up with DNA should certainly help clarify any Mediterranean connection. On a related subject, does anyone know about reports by early explorers that the Mandan Indians spoke Welsh, or something with Welsh words? I think that the exact statement was that a Weshman in the expedition could understand/communicate with them. I seem to recall they were quickly wiped out by smallpox.
Now, I've read also that the Lewis & Clark expedition encountered the Mandans and (it was said) did record Welsh words being used by these people.
Also, it is reported that Thomas Jefferson told Lewis & Clark not to mention anything about the Welsh words or any light skinned blue eyed people.
It is also reported that Jefferson's reason was that he was afraid that England would use this connection to make a claim to the western parts of what is now the USA.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
La Befana
According to Italian legend, La Befana was a witch living at the time of the birth of Jesus. The three wise men were on their way to Bethlehem, when they invited La Befana to come along. She was busy with her housework and declined. Later, once she had finished her cleaning, she set off on her broomstick with toys for the Gesú Bambino (Baby Jesus). However, she could not find the Three Kings and soon lost her way. Italian children believe that La Befana is still looking for Baby Jesus, and on the eve of the Epiphany(January 6th), she flies down the chimney of each house, and leaves gifts in the children's shoes or Stockings which are left by the fireplace.


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4-in-1 Summer Dress
Give Your Wardrobe a Lift in Time for Summer! Only $19 for a 4-in-1 Summer Dress Delivered to Your Door. Wear it as a Skirt or a Dress, Long or Short, the Choice is Yours. Available in Five Fashion Colours. Valued at $40
- Highlights
- Fine Print
Give your summer wardrobe a lift with an elegant and feminine 4-in-1 summer dress!
This stylish and versatile summer dress can be worn four different ways to suit a range of occasions
Choose from five fashion colours - black, white, blue, pink and yellow. Make your choice at the check-out
Wear it as a long or short skirt and match it with your favourite top, or as a long or short dress and team it up with a cardigan for a casual yet sophisticated look
Made from 90% polyester and 10% spandex, it has a flattering, figure-hugging style and is super comfortable for hot summer's days
Nationwide delivery is included for your convenience
What We Like
Perfect for the warm weather, this elegant dress is the must-have item for your wardrobe this summer
Measuring: Bust: 66-90cm; Waist: 74-98cm; Length: 86cm - It's a one-size-fits-most style
Revitalise your wardrobe and wear this dress four different ways for endlessly great style
A great gift for friends and family
Please enter delivery details at checkout. Once purchased your goods will be automatically sent to your address in approximately three weeks from the end of the promotion, no further action will be required
Delivery to PO Box addresses is not possible
Members can purchase up to twenty vouchers (gift vouchers aren't available for this offer, but you can purchase multiple vouchers and give the product as a gift)
Your product will be delivered to you by the supplier of the product. The estimated delivery time for this product has been provided by the supplier
Please allow more time for delivery to regional areas
Measures: Bust: 66-90cm; Waist: 74-98cm; Length: 86cm
Not valid in conjunction with any other offer and not redeemable for cash
Please ensure you address is correct. Incorrect addresses will incur a re-delivery fee


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Add new Big Cartel customers to a MailChimp list
Post new Big Cartel products to a Facebook Page
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Create new Quickbooks Online sales receipts from new Big Cartel orders
Post new Big Cartel orders to a Slack channel
Create new QuickBooks Online customers from new Big Cartel orders
Add new Big Cartel Orders to your Kajabi email marketing list
Transcribe new BetterVoice calls with SpeechTrans
Create sentiment analysis of call center data
Add new Big Cartel orders as contacts in Salesforce
Create Sentimental Analysis from new Intercom conversations
Add new BigCartel customers to a SendPulse list
Create sentiment analysis of new Nearby Now reviews and log to Google Sheets
Send Enalyzer surveys to Big Cartel paid order customers
Extract topics from new audio files on Dropbox
Add new Big Cartel customers to an AWeber list
Add new Big Cartel orders to SurveyMethods as contacts
Create FacturaDirecta invoices from new Big Cartel orders
Create WhatConverts leads from new Big Cartel orders
Create Klaviyo events from new Big Cartel purchases
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Triggers when there is a new dictation.
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Trigger when new TTS (Text to Speech) request has occured. Use this to send the auto generated wav file to any third party application.
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Create Intelliconference that start a teleconference and add a participant. Press 1 during conference to enable translation for a single sentence or * to enable continuous automatic speech to speech translation.
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Gurnee Mayor Kovarik, Trustee Morris continuing political rivalry for April election
Trustee running to unseat Gurnee mayor
Two Gurnee political rivals will continue with their differences, this time as mayoral opponents.
Mayor Kristina Kovarik will have to defeat Trustee Kirk Morris to gain a third 4-year term. Morris was elected as a village board trustee in 2009.
Kovarik and Morris have been at odds for more than three years since she removed the trustee's private foundation as developer of the Heroes of Freedom Memorial Park in honor of troops who died in Iraq and Afghanistan, on taxpayer-owned property on Old Grand Avenue.
Morris sued the village government and Kovarik over her decision in January 2010. Kovarik said Morris accomplished little toward bringing Heroes of Freedom to reality from 2004 through 2009.
Village board members approved a lawsuit settlement Wednesday that'll include a $200,000 payment from Gurnee's insurance carrier to the foundation for design work and other efforts to improve the vacant 1-acre site. The Pfc. Geoffrey Morris Memorial Foundation -- named for the trustee's son, a Marine who was killed in Iraq in 2004 -- also will be allowed to use the Heroes of Freedom name.
Saying he wanted to be sure the lawsuit settlement was in place, Morris filed the necessary paperwork to run for mayor just 40 minutes before the legal deadline Wednesday.
"I think we need to bring back integrity and honesty and some common sense to the (mayor's job)," said Morris, who was unsuccessful when he ran in a Republican congressional primary in 2008.
Morris' decision to run for mayor was somewhat surprising, Kovarik said, but she's ready for the challenge and believes residents have been satisfied with her leadership.
"I love the Democratic process," Kovarik said. "The voters should have a choice."
Kovarik was a trustee when she defeated Donald Rudny to become mayor in 2005. She crushed Trustee Greg Garner and Anthony "Tony" Maniscalco in 2009.
On the issues, Morris objected to a $139,000 retirement/settlement package for former Police Chief Robert Jones that a village board majority, with Kovarik's backing, approved in September 2011.
Documents later released by the village, in response to Freedom of Information Act requests, showed Jones was accused of sexual harassment and using employees for personal errands in internal complaints when he opted to retire with the deal.
Kovarik said Gurnee could have faced a large legal bill if it persisted with an investigation of Jones and that the severance package was proper and in accordance with village personnel policies.
Morris claimed trustees didn't have enough time to study the eight-page agreement involving Jones and that the public should have been given details about his departure. He said Kovarik has been behind some "foolhardy decisions" that spurred him to run for mayor.
"I'm fired up, pumped up and ready to roll," Morris said.
Kovarik said she's as energized as Morris for the campaign. She contends Morris is not always prepared for village board meetings and doesn't offer meaningful explanations about his "no" votes on issues.
"He's not as engaged as my experience has been with other trustees or when I was a trustee," Kovarik said.
Morris was one of two trustees who voted against spending about $14,000 as the village's share of the continuation of a Gurnee's Got It! marketing campaign in 2011. Kovarik pushed the idea to boost village retail sales, but Morris questioned the campaign's effectiveness.


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Expedia-Verified Reviews
Don't miss out on a lower price on this hotel
Get an overview of this hotel3.5-star hotel with restaurant and indoor pool
Popular property highlights
Situated in a rural location, this hotel is within 1 mi (2 km) of Langley Sportsplex and Langley Event Center. Willowbrook Shopping Centre and Pitt Meadows Arena Complex are also within 6 mi (10 km).
Hotel Features
A restaurant, an indoor pool, and a fitness center are available at this smoke-free hotel. Free WiFi in public areas and free self parking are also provided. Other amenities include a bar/lounge, a 24-hour business center, and conference space.
Room Amenities
All 196 rooms offer free WiFi and free wired Internet, plus room service and flat-screen TVs with cable channels. Guests will also find coffee makers, free local calls, and hair dryers.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us! Opens in a new window.
Sandman Signature Langley Hotel
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Sandman Signature Langley Hotel features an indoor pool and a fitness center. The hotel offers a restaurant. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. Wireless Internet access is complimentary.
Business-related amenities at this 3.5-star property consist of a 24-hour business center and meeting rooms. Event facilities measuring 3000 square feet (270 square meters) include conference space. This business-friendly hotel also offers dry cleaning/laundry services, room service (during limited hours), and an elevator (lift). Complimentary self parking is available on site.
Sandman Signature Langley Hotel is a smoke-free property.
- Conference space size (meters) - 270
- Bar/lounge
- Elevator/lift
- Fitness facilities
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- 24-hour business center
- Conference space size (feet) - 3000
- Indoor pool
- 24-hour front desk
- Conference space
- Meeting rooms 2
- Restaurant
- Total number of rooms - 196
- Free self parking
- Free WiFi
- Number of floors - 4
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Wedding services
- Smoke-free property
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi , Free wired Internet
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking
Room Amenities
- Free WiFi
- Private bathroom
- Desk
- Shower/tub combination
- Air conditioning
- Phone
- Free local calls
- Coffee/tea maker
- Daily housekeeping
- Designer toiletries
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Iron/ironing board
- Cable TV service
- Flat-panel TV
- Free wired Internet
- Number of bathrooms -
- Room service (limited hours)
Where to Eat
Full breakfasts are available for a surcharge and are served each morning.
Moxies Grill and Bar - This restaurant specializes in fusion cuisine and serves breakfast, brunch, lunch, and dinner. Guests can enjoy drinks at the bar. A children's menu is available. Happy hour is offered.
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
Nearby Things to Do
Recreational amenities at the hotel include an indoor pool and a fitness center.
If you have requests for specific accessibility needs, please note them at check-out when you book your room.
- Accessible bathroom
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Check-in time ends at 11 PM
Check-out time is noon
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Rollaway/extra beds are not available.
- Cribs (infant beds) are not available.
- Pets allowed for an extra charge of CAD 20.00 per pet, per night
- 2 per room
- Specific rooms only, restrictions apply
- Pet-friendly rooms can be requested by contacting the property at the number on the booking confirmation
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
Optional extras
- Breakfast fee: between CAD 10.99 and CAD 30.00 per person (approximately)
- Pet fee: CAD 20.00 per pet, per night
Hotel Name
- Langley Sandman Signature
- Langley Signature Sandman
- Sandman Hotel Langley Signature
- Sandman Langley Signature
- Sandman Signature Hotel Langley
- Sandman Signature Langley
- Sandman Signature Langley Hotel
- Signature Langley
- Signature Sandman Hotel Langley
- Signature Sandman Langley
- Sandman Signature Langley Hotel Langley City
We should mention
The property allows pets in specific rooms only and has other pet restrictions (surcharges apply and can be found in the Fees section). Guests can arrange to bring pets by contacting the property directly, using the contact information on the booking confirmation.


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This effect happens when professional golfers wake up in the morning and read the newspaper and find out that Tiger Woods is playing in the next tournament. After they hear this they all get worried and shit themselves.
Bob: "When I got onto the golf course today and saw Tiger the Tiger Woods effect hit me. Did hit you too?"
John: "Of course it did it is Tiger Woods."
John: "Of course it did it is Tiger Woods."
by stevo supremo August 18, 2011
buy the domain for your recipe site


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LONDON (AP) — Arrrrgh! That must've been embarrassing.
A man held hostage by Somali pirates says he was bemused when he encountered a crowd of eye patch-wearing, plastic sword-wielding women on the lecture circuit earlier this month.
Colin Darch , 75, said Thursday that his host, a southwest England chapter of the education-focused Women's Institute, seemed to have thought he was going to speak about historical 'shiver me timbers' pirates, rather than the modern-day bandits terrorizing the Indian Ocean.
Darch, a retired sailor who has written a book and given lectures about his 2008 kidnapping, says his audience was sheepish over the mix up.
He says, "I think they were worried I might be a bit upset that they were trivializing it, but I thought it was funny."


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OUT OF STOCK Contact us for more information
Why Shop From Infababy®?
- 1. Amazing Prices (Actually you won't find a better price Anywhere)
- 2. Amazing Quality (If you don't like it you can return it)
- 3. Amazing Customer Service (Just Check our Reviews)
- 4. Loved by Thousands of Moms (Check our Facebook page)
Infababy® - Trusted Members Of:
Uberchild MOOV+ Stroller
Black / Beige
Uberchild MOOV+ Stroller - Black and Champagne
Welcome to the world of MOOV+. The stroller that doesn't just get your baby moving, it also acts as a fully equipped modern day nest for your child. The MOOV+ stroller has a massive list of features such as full recline, full extending hood to fully block wind or sun from your child. Also a peek-a-boo parent window and separate ventilation mesh, a fully lined footmuff with luxury velour fabric, a reversible summer liner matching the colour of your stroller and a multi position foot rest. Included with the MOOV+ stroller package is a raincover, a bottle holder and even a handy changing bag. Oh and let us not forget the head hugger for the little ones to have a cosy sleep. Wow, we love the MOOV+ stroller and we know you will too.
How the MOOV+ moves: The MOOV+ stroller is lightweight but sturdy on its wheels so it's easy to push around but firm on the ground. All four wheels have suspension so it glides effortlessly over most types of terrain.
How the MOOV+ works: The MOOV+ is not only practical while walking it's also full of features to make it probably the most feature rich stroller package available. It has a mechanical recline so the position of the back of the stroller can be changed with a simple click, from sleep mode which is a 30° degree back rest all the way up to upright position for the alert child who just wants to view the world. Also to add to this when your child is sleeping you can drop the hood down to its fully extended position and when the footmuff is in place the stroller nearly completely covers your child like a comfortable, lovable nest.
How the MOOV+ looks: With 5 fab colours to choose from, the MOOV+ should suit every individual style. Also with the choice of a black or silver chassis the MOOV+ gives even more of a personalised touch. Some of the MOOV+ strollers even have colour coded shopping baskets, not seen before in a stroller.
We not only sell products, we try to sell the best, most feature rich products on the market. Uberchild is the Brand for Exceptional Parents and Happy Children.
Uberchild Hoodnest™ - Fully Extendable hood which extends down close to the bumper bar giving your child full cover from the sun or privacy for little naps.
Full Seat Recline – Multi Positional and operated easily with the mechanical pull lever - for the tired little ones
Head Hugger and shoulder pads – these accessories are included in the package to keep your child super comfortable
Parent Window – Large parent window to see your loved one quickly and easily by lifting the cover
Window mesh – A window mesh is built into the hood to allow ventilation in to your child when the hood is extended. Great for warm days.
Reversible Liner – The reversible liner is fleece lined to keep your child extra warm and is reversible to a summer style liner on the other side. The summer style liner matches the colour of the MOOV+ colourway.
Footmuff – The footmuff is super stylish and super warm. It zips onto the liner really easily so you have the fleece lining to the back of the footmuff. The front cover matches the colour of your MOOV+ and has a super soft velour fabric piece that wraps around the bumper bar. Luxurious and Special. J
Bumper bar – The bumper bar is easily removable and adjusts up and down.
Adjustable footrest – adjust by the little buttons under the footrest.
All wheel suspension – Each wheel has suspension to make tough walking ground a cinch.
Shopping Basket – for the shopper there is a handy shopping basket to the base of the MOOV+. Some models even have colour coded baskets.
Changing Bag – Included in the package is the MOOV+ changing bag. This is super handy for storing your bits and bobs in a matching bag.
Raincover – The MOOV+ raincover is hard wearing and tough and it's also included in the package.
Bottle Holder – For the thirsty child
What's included in the box?
Head Hugger
Shoulder Pads
Bumper Bar
Reversible Liner
Changing Bag
Bottle Holder
EN1888 European Standards
BS5852 - UKFurniture and Furnishings (Fire Safety) Regulations
If you don't like your order you can return it (within 30 days). We don't even charge a restocking fee. We just require the packing and contents to be all nice and neat, as you received it. We are confident you will like your order. If for some reason you do not like your order we can provide courier companies who offer low cost returns to Ireland. Currently the low cost courier service works best if the item is collected from the UK or Ireland.
Delivery Rates:
Orders over the value of €50 / £45 qualify for our FREE shipping service to the following countries:
United Kingdom, Ireland, United States, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal (Mainland), Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain (Mainland), Sweden.
Shipping costs to the above countries for orders below a value of €50 / £45 will incur a nominal shipping fee. This is calculated in the checkout, you can check the price in step 1 of the checkout before placing your order.
We also offer very competitve worldwide shipping. To determine the shipping cost to your country please add the item to your cart and proceed to step 1 of the checkout to see the specific cost for your country.
All orders are shipped from our depot in Kildare, Ireland. Please note: In very rare circumstances we may have to request additional shipping fees for certain locations or if a large quantity of items are ordered.
When your order is shipped we will email you with your tracking data and the details of your shipper so you can track your parcels. We use two shippers and their contact details are below should you need to contact them in relation to your delivery. Which shipper is used depends on your location and we will send you all the information you need when your order is shipped including the shipper details and the tracking codes for each parcel. Please be aware that some of our 3 in 1 travel systems are packed in two separate parcels, one for the travel system and the other for the car seat and they may arrive on different days.
GLS Group Ireland
Phone: 00353 (0)1 8606200
Website: www.gls-group.eu
Email: email@example.com
An Post Courier Service
Phone: 00353 (0)1 7057600
Website: www.anpost.ie
Delivery Times:
The following delivery times are for items that are IN STOCK at the time or purchase that are ordered before 2pm on a business day. Please see the availability information on the product listing page for the current stock status. Some items may be available for PRE ORDER so the delivery times apply from when the goods arrive into stock in our warhouse and are then shipped. Pre order allows you to reserve the item before the stock arrives.
UK & Ireland 1-3 working days delivery
Greater Europe 3-7 working days delivery
Rest of World 7-10 working days
Please note: In some very rare instances for countries outside of the EU your parcel may get delayed in border customs but this is completly out of our control and this usually adds less than 1-2 days to your expected delivery date.
Returns Information:
Full details of refunds and returns can be found on our returns information page by clicking here.
If you don't like your order you can return it for free (within 30 days). We don't even charge a restocking fee. We just require the packing and contents to be all nice and neat, as you received it. We are confident you will like your order. If you don't we will not only allow you to return it but we will refund up to £15 pound (UK) or €10 (Ireland). All other countries can also return your order for free but unfortunately at this time we cannot return shipping costs.
Our promise to you
All Infababy® brand products include our 12 month warranty promise. When you purchase an Infababy® product you are getting our commitment to you, our customer, to provide you with an excellent product and an excellent aftercare service.
12 Months Product Warranty
Your Infababy® products are automatically covered by this warranty for 12 months from the date of purchase against material or manufacturing defects. This warranty is offered in addition to, and does not affect, your statutory rights.
What is covered under your 12 month product warranty:
- All manufacturing faults on the chassis
- All manufacturing faults on the seat unit framework
- All manufacturing faults on the carrycot
- All manufacturing faults on the car seat
- All manufacturing faults on the wheels (excluding wear and tear of tyres)
- Zippers and touch fasteners (manufacturing fault only)
- All harness straps (manufacturing fault only)
- All fabric seams (manufacturing fault only)
What your 12 month product warranty does not cover:
- - Normal wear and tear, accidental damage, and damage caused by improper use, negligence, misuse or by not following the maintenance instructions
- If repairs have been carried out by third parties or a person who is not authorised or approved by us
- If your chassis becomes faulty after or during use with any accessory that has not been approved by Infababy®
- Damage to handle bar foam and bumper bar foam as a result of normal use
- Tyre punctures
- Raincovers
- Airline or transport damage. When travelling, immediately check your Infababy® product(s) after they have been handled by a transporter (i.e. baggage handlers) and report any damage directly to them
How to make a Warranty Claim
If you experience a problem with your product, simply email us at firstname.lastname@example.com and we will get the resolution process in motion. To help speed things up, when you email us please include your order number, a picture of the issue and your serial number. 95% of the time warranty claims are resolved with us sending you the part you need (free of charge) and we dont request the original part to be sent back to us. In some cases we may need to collect the part (if its the chassis for example) and carry out a repair in our service centre. If this is the case we will arrange the collection and re-delivery through our couriers and there will be no costs to you.
Warranty Terms and Conditions
This product warranty is our quality promise to you. We guarantee that this product is free from defects in workmanship and manufacturing materials at the time of purchase. During the production process your product was subjected to various quality checks however if despite our best efforts your product shows signs of material or manufacturing fault within the warranty period we will comply with the warranty terms & conditions.
After purchasing your product(s), please keep the original order number safe. It will have been emailed to you at the time of order. We can only offer warranty services under this warranty to customers who can present the original proof of purchase from our Infababy® website.
If your product suffers a fault during the warranty period we will always endeavour to repair or replace like for like. However, we reserve the right to discontinue a model, colour fabric or accessory. If this occurs then we will replace your faulty item with one from our range which is of the nearest colour and value.
Where products or parts are replaced or repaired during the warranty period, this does not extend the warranty beyond the 12 month period from date of original purchase.
The warranty will also apply if your Infababy® was received as a gift. The warranty can be used by the owner of the product at any given time within the warranty period as long as the original proof of purchase can be provided.
Please note that our liability under this warranty is limited to the repair obligations set out below. We do not offer any monetary recompense for any claims under this warranty. However, nothing in this warranty affects any of your statutory rights.
Accidental Damage
If you do happen to accidentaly damage your product, do not worry. We offer low cost spare parts on almost all products and parts. Contact us for further information.


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School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences
Political Science (B.A.)
Political Science involves the study of interesting and important topics about citizenship, government and politics. These topics include the influence of citizens on what government does, the scope, responsibilities and effectiveness of government itself, and the activities of both elected and appointed public officials. These topics are important parts of what political scientists know about American government and politics, comparative government and politics, international relations, political behavior, political economy, political institutions, and political theory. Political scientists and public administrators pay particular attention to the design, implementation, and evaluation of laws and public policies that may affect people's well-being.
The Political Science Program at The University of Texas at Dallas provides:
- the foundations for more advanced, graduate study of citizenship, government and politics in Political Science;
- the special core knowledge needed for subsequent professional education in law and public policy analysis;
- the opportunity to acquire useful skills for careers in federal, state, and local government, community l service, educational, and other nonprofit organizations, and business firms.
Bachelor of Arts in Political Science
Degree Requirements (120 hours)
I. Core Curriculum Requirements1: 42 hours
A. Communication (6 hours)
3 hours Communication (RHET 1302)
3 hours Communication Elective (PSCI 3325)2
B. Social and Behavioral Sciences (15 hours)
6 hours Government (GOVT 2301 and 2302)
6 hours American History
3 hours Social and Behavioral Sciences Elective (SOC 1301, CRIM 1301, ECON 2301, or ECON 2302)2
C. Humanities and Fine Arts (6 hours)
3 hours Fine Arts (ARTS 1301)
3 hours Humanities (HUMA 1301)
D. Mathematics and Quantitative Reasoning (6 hours)
3 hours Mathematics (at or above level of College Algebra, recommended: MATH 1306 or 1314)
4 hours Quantitative Reasoning (SOCS 3405)2
E. Science (9 hours including at least one course with a substantial laboratory component)
1 Curriculum Requirements can be fulfilled by other approved courses from accredited institutions of higher education. The courses listed in parenthesis are the most efficient way to satisfy both Core Curriculum and Major Requirements at UT Dallas.
2 A Core Curriculum Requirement that also fulfills a Major Requirement. Hours are counted in the Core Curriculum.
II. Major Requirements: 55 hours
GOVT 2301 Constitutional Foundations and Political Behavior in the U.S. and Texas2
GOVT 2302 Political Institutions in the U.S. and Texas2
PSCI 3325 American Public Policy2
SOCS 3405 Introduction to Social Statistics with Lab2
One of: 2
CRIM 1301 Introduction to Criminal Justice
or ECON 2301 Principles of Macroeconomics
or ECON 2302 Principles of Microeconomics
or SOC 1301 Introduction to Sociology
Major Core Courses (18 hours)
PSCI 3301 Political Theory
PSCI 3322 Constitutional Law
PSCI 3333 Political Behavior
PSCI 3362 American Political Institutions
PSCI 4329 Global Politics
One of the following:
CRIM 3301 Theories of Justice
PSCI 3303 Civil Liberties
PSCI 3326 Politics and Business
PSCI 3364 Campaigns and Elections
PSCI 4364 Civil Rights Law and Society
Major Core Concentration (9 hours)
Three courses from one of the following concentrations:
Theory Concentration
PSCI 3306 Political Economy
PSCI 3323 American Federalism
PSCI 4330 The Bible and Politics
PSCI 4354 Contemporary Political Thought
Law Concentration
PSCI 3303 Civil Liberties
PSCI 3351 Comparative Courts and Law
PSCI 3353 Law and Gender
PSCI 4341 Politics of the Judicial Process
PSCI 4345 Negotiation and Conflict Resolution
PSCI 4357 Human Rights and the Rule of Law
PSCI 4364 Civil Rights Law and Society
PSCI 4365 Law and Medicine
American Politics Concentration
PSCI 3310 Public Administration
PSCI 3323 American Federalism
PSCI 3340 Film and Politics
PSCI 3364 Campaigns and Elections
PSCI 4311 The Political Economy of Modern Texas
PSCI 4326 Political Parties and Interest Groups
PSCI 4342 Legislative Decision Making
PSCI 4343 Congress and Public Policy
PSCI 4344 Race and Redistricting
PSCI 4349 The Politics of the Bureaucratic Process
PSCI 4364 Civil Rights Law and Society
PSCI 4368 Leadership
Global Politics Concentration
PSCI 3327 American Foreign Policy
PSCI 3328 International Relations
PSCI 3350 Comparative Politics
PSCI 3351 Comparative Courts and Law
PSCI 4331 Mexican Politics
PSCI 4332 Latin American Politics
PSCI 4346 War and Peace
PSCI 4347 The War on Drugs
PSCI 4348 Terrorism
PSCI 4356 International Political Economy
PSCI 4357 Human Rights and the Rule of Law
Public Policy Concentration
PSCI 3326 Politics and Business
PSCI 3327 American Foreign Policy
PSCI 3353 Law and Gender
PSCI 3364 Campaigns and Elections
PSCI 4326 Political Parties and Interest Groups
PSCI 4343 Congress and Public Policy
PSCI 4347 The War on Drugs
PSCI 4349 The Politics of the Bureaucratic Process
Major Related Courses (27 hours)
27 hours Major and Related electives3
3 Most students take upper-division PSCI courses. However, subject to advisor approval, courses from other disciplines may be used to satisfy this requirement.
III. Elective Requirements: 23 hours
Advanced Electives (6 hours)
All students are required to take at least six hours of advanced electives outside their major field of study. These must be either upper-division classes or lower-division classes that have prerequisites.
Free Electives (17 hours
This requirement may be satisfied with lower- and upper-division courses from any field of study. Students must
complete at least 51 hours of upper-division credit to qualify for graduation.
Minor in Political Science (18 hours)
For a minor in Political Science, students must take GOVT 2301 and GOVT 2302. In addition students must take four upper-division courses with a PSCI prefix with the exception of PSCI 4V97, PSCI 4V98, and PSCI 4V99.


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Skip to comments.Tea Party Group Apologizes To Karl Rove
Posted on 02/21/2013 7:23:18 PM PST by ExxonPatrolUs
Tea Party Patriots said that a fundraising email sent out Tuesday showing a manipulated photo of GOP operative Karl Rove wearing an S.S. uniform was a mistake that the organization "did not know about or approve."
"We apologize to Mr. Rove. While we may have strong disagreements with Mr. Rove on the future of conservatism, we want to be clear this imagery is absolutely unacceptable and are working to ensure this type of mistake doesnt happen again," read the statement.
Active Engagement, L.L.C., which sent the email, claimed responsibility for accidentally including the image. Read their explanation:
An email that was sent earlier today under the banner of Tea Party Patriots included an offensive image of Karl Rove. The image was obviously a photo shopped image of Mr. Rove, a well-known political figure. The image was selected in error from an extensive group of images available publicly online and was adjacent to the image that Tea Party Patriots approved for use. The email that included the image was not approved by Tea Party Patriots. Active Engagement, L.L.C. takes full responsibility for this error and is attempting to contact everyone who received the image to explain the error. More importantly, Active Engagement, L.L.C. apologizes to Mr. Rove for this mistake. Active Engagement, L.L.C. does not believe there is any place in political discourse for images such as these.
(Excerpt) Read more at livewire.talkingpointsmemo.com ...
Screw Kapo Karl.
I wouldn't apologize to that filthy ba$tard until he apologizes to conservative voters everywhere. He's dirt.
Just stop it Tea Party. For crying out loud.
It is demeaning and wrong to apologize. Avoid getting into that situation, at all costs.
Sounds like I have a new photoshop project to work on in the morning.
Don't apologize to fat douchebag Karl Rove. He needs to go away.
I am sick to death of conservatives apologizing for every damn thing that comes down the pick.
Rove is SS, Stupid S#it, why apologize.
This should be the other way round.
This should be the other way round.
This is why I refuse to belong to any organized group of tea partiers.
No leaders to be pressured into acting stupidly.
Change the moniker, improve on messaging, increase the spirit,
"Mein Herren, müssen Sie entschuldigen!"
I allways thought he was KGB.
How about not apologizing for something you did not do??.
"I am really sorry to say this, but the "tea party" is filled with a bunch of populists, without conservative leadership. The movement was great, but unfortunately ( maybe not so bad ) a learning experience to the ways of our enemies. "The TEA Party" is tainted, not by their actions, but their inactions against the media.
Change the moniker, improve on messaging, increase the spirit,"
The TP was effective in 2010 because the left was surprised, and hadn't figured out to combat it. But with time, they learned to find the most extreme example from the TP, and use those to label Republicans in general.
The TP provided examples, since it is decentralized and not policed.
Without thinking it through, while the GOP does infighting like over Rove, the left gathers the material.
>....the organization "did not know about or approve."<
Then why apologize?
It's a shame this tea party group thinks they have to lie. All they had to do was admit somebody got overzealous and went overboard. Express regrets and then promise, "Future e-mailings will be more closely monitored to ensure it doesn't happen again."
Overzealous hell. Karl is one of the kapo republicans pinching the feeding tube of the already comatose GOP while the democrats happily goose step to full on open fascism.
He's more interested in crushing conservative opposition to beltway power than he is in fighting the democrats. I really have to wonder about him.
Yea Party is a multi headed ill defined group. This as a manufactured lie to pose as real conservatives. Karl Rove is finished with conservatives. He actually urged the invasion of Iraq based on "WMD" He is a liar and a one world LIBERAL!!
I agree with you completely. Rove is slowly but surely being marginalized, and he is becoming persona non grata to genuine conservatives. His agenda of squishy "Rockefeller Republicanism" has been obvious to us here at FR for over a decade, ever since he promoted Gerry Parsky to turn over California to the Democrats.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


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Controller Cable for connecting iPad with DDJ-ERGO and DDJ-WeGO (1st gen)
- Cable allows iPad® device to directly plug-in to DDJ-WeGO (1st gen) and DDJ-ERGO
- Transforms iPad® device into a music source or control window for using Algoriddim Inc.® "djay for iPad®" app or "vjay for iPad®" App
- "djay for iPad" App and cable allows the user to maximize their iTunes® Library
Transform Your iPad
Introducing the DJC-WeCAi controller cable to enable an iPad device to be used with its line of DDJ-WeGO (1st gen) and DDJ-ERGO DJ controllers. The DJC-WeCAi cable connection transforms an iPad device loaded with Algoriddim Inc.'s "djay® for iPad" app or "vjay for iPad" (available for purchase in the App Store) into a music source and control window for the DDJ-WeGO (1st gen) or DDJ-ERGO.
Download djay or vjay for iPad
With the "djay for iPad" app and use of the special cable, the DDJ-WeGO (1st gen) or DDJ-ERGO can be used for playback of music from an iPad's iTunes library, offering scratching and mixing operations as well as diverse functions including HOT CUE, sampler, and effects2. With the "vjay for iPad" app, the controllers can perform scratching and visual mixes using videos, music and camera roll images stored in an iPad, including the "PULSE CONTROL" function for performances using images and lights.
Ready for DDJ-WeGO (1st gen) or DDJ-ERGO
The DJC-WeCAi cable extends up to 2.6 feet from an iPad (USB A connector) device to a Pioneer controller (USB B connector) with a 5.9 feet Y-cable (USB A, color coated red to easily identify) for use with a standard power adaptor (not included) or USB mobile battery (not included). Connection to iPad requires Apple Camera Connection kit or Lightning to USB Camera Adapter (not included).
USB A connector to B connector (From Controller to iPad): 2.6' long
USB A connector for a standard power adapter (color coated red): 5.9' long
Performing and connecting the DJC-WeCAi cable to iPad
*Controlling the djay or vjay iPad apps with the DDJ-WeGO or DDJ-ERGO requires a firmware update (DDJ-WeGO ver1.08/DDJ-ERGO ver1.40) as well as the latest version of djay (version 1.6.4) or vjay (version 1.1.2) for iPad. Firmware for Pioneer controllers available on: http://pioneerdj.com/support/
*Current users of djay or vjay must update to the latest version for compatibility with Pioneer controllers.
Connection to iPad requires Apple Camera Connection kit or Lightning to USB Camera Adapter (sold separately).
2djay and "vjay" do not support the "MIX PULSE" function of the "DDJ-WeGO" and "DDJ-ERGO"
3vjay compatible with iPad2 or above.
PIONEER, PIONEER DJ, and the Pioneer and Pioneer DJ logos are registered trademarks of Pioneer Corporation.
Djay and vjay are trademarks or registered trademarks of Algoriddim GmbH.
Apple, iPad and iTunes are trademarks of Apple Inc. registered in the US and other countries. App Store is a service mark of Apple Inc.


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This is a digital file
This is a Graphghan Throw Pattern that includes a graph chart and written instructions. This pattern can be completed in different types of crochet and knit stitches. Included in the written instructions is single crochet, half-double crochet, and tunisian (or afghan) stitch. If you would like more information on how to complete in other stitches, for example with double crochet, you may contact me and I can explain how to increase the graph and stitches for this type of stitch.The pattern is 200x200 blocks or stitches. Gauge is different based on needle size, yarn weight, and tension per person therefore it is not listed. This is a downloadable PDF pattern. This pattern may be used to create and/or sell the finished product, however the purchaser is prohibited from copying, sharing, or selling the pattern without the designers permission.THIS PURCHASE INCLUDES A PATTERN ONLY AND IS NOT A FINISHED PRODUCT
At the current time, I take direct checkout and paypal. All my prices have been rounded and I do not charge you tax. I make a lot of one of a kind items, but I will make my custom orders and try to get them to you within two weeks.
I am always willing to do exchanges if you change your mind about an item and want something else. So far I have not had anything damaged or lost. But I will either return your money or custom make you a replacement if that is possible.
I love doing custom orders! If you see something you like, but want it in a different color and any changes you want, just let me know. I am here to make you happy! So far I have not done any wholesale or consignments as I am just a little to busy doing shows. But that doesn't mean, I won't consider it in the future. So if anyone thinks they would be interested in buying in bulk, convo me. Lets talk!


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The ethanol industry is likely to see further consolidation in 2009 as it copes with continued volatility in grain markets and falling oil prices, says Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) president and CEO Bob Dinneen.
This year will also include further debate concerning high level blends as more studies demonstrate the efficiency of using high level blends (greater than 10% ethanol in gasoline) in legacy vehicles.
Dinneen reported that the ethanol industry will take advantage of congressional efforts to stimulate the general economy and to look at global climate change more aggressively. These are areas where the ethanol industry is front and center in the public policy debate, Dinneen said, adding, "We're going to have to be there making the case for ethanol on Capitol Hill."
Volatility, especially that in the grain markets, will mean that ethanol producers will have to employ smart risk management strategies. Some companies will be smarter than others and some may not make it, Dinneen said, but added that the fundamentals of the ethanol industry "remain strong."
This is because the U.S. will need to increase the amount of domestically-produced renewable fuels. In addition, demand for ethanol will continue to grow because U.S. energy policy demands it and because consumers are looking for alternatives to straight petroleum, Dinneen said. He points to the increase in E85 and blender pumps around the country as evidence.
A huge issue ahead for the ethanol industry will be "attacking the blend wall." To do this, industry must maximize the use of 10% ethanol (E10) blends across the country. Dinneen noted that the RFA is working in California to expand market opportunities and also is working to bring down state regulatory barriers to E10 in the Southeast and elsewhere.
At the same time, the RFA is looking at how to increase the use of E85 through flexible fuel vehicles and expand the E85 refueling structure. "Part of that solution is going to be higher level blends," Dinneen said, adding that RFA is working with automakers to determine "safe and appropriate blend levels for ethanol in legacy vehicles."
Automakers have an enormous amount of influence over this process because they will have to extend warranty coverage to these vehicles and alert consumers that higher ethanol blend levels are safe.
There is a great deal of anecdotal evidence to suggest that higher blends are safe, but this alone is not enough, Dinneen said. "We need good solid science." He indicated that RFA as well as the Department of Energy, the Environmental Protection Agency and automakers are working on higher blend studies. Dinneen added that RFA will continue to work with all of the groups to ensure "there are no artificial barriers to ethanol use anyplace." Visit http://www.ethanolrfa.org/


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Back to Profile: earnshaw
The P-Invoke Interop AssistantNow here's something really helpful! Been looking for help with a particular P/Invoke for some time now.
Application Compatibility - MSI Installer IssuesI can dig the wants and needs expressed here. The Windows Security Model is so blasted complex, you get results you never antipicated AND you can't always get the results you want. It would be nice to install a piece of software and to tell the OS to prevent it from ever touching this, this, this, and that over there. We muddle through with Group Policy and DACLs.
Patrick Dussud: Managing Garbage CollectionHaving recently been required to extensively enhance some unmanaged C++ code, I feel the pain of not having the services of a garbage collector. What were they thinking? I know what they were thinking. They were thinking how slowly programs would run when the garbage collector was running half the time. But, nowadays, with 2GB or greater main memory commonly available and multiple CPU systems, the garbage collector is rightly in style. And it saves many, many cycles in a programmer's brain. It is simply too easy to lose track of a disused object. Long running programs can end up having to be restarted simply to reclaim memory space. I love my garbage collector. Wouldn't be without. I'm impressed that it works reliably and very greatful.
IE 8: On the Path to Web Standards Compliance - ACID 2 Test Pass CompleteSo, Web sites written for standards-compliant IE8 will run very well on standards-compliant Brand X browsers as well? That's unheard of! Practically the end of the Soviet era as we know it.
Patrick Dussud: Garbage Collection - Past, Present and FutureHaving recently been persuaded to make enhancements to a program that was written in unmanaged C++, I was reminded how much effort goes into taking out the garbage. Hooray for GC! Hooray for Moore's Law that gives us the spare cycles that it takes to automate reclamation of disused objects.
MIX 2008: What the hell is this MIX thing, anyway?The natives are restless tonight. Of late it appears that many popular web destinations offer a Rich Internet Experience. Animated this and video that. And you can be certain it wasn't all executed using Silverlight. I've been Adobe Flexing for six months. As per industry standard, the documentation is terrible, the literature execrable and the most useful hints are available via Google. I hope Microsoft does not repeat Adobe's mistake. If you want a nice looking column chart, Flex is very good. If you want eye popping transition effects, that will take some ECMAScript. All this was supposed to be "a simple matter of coding a few lines of XML." Well, simple it isn't. Good enough to meet revenue targets? Yep.
Gordon Hogenson: Documenting Development TechnologiesFor a while I was thinking Microsoft had no writers on board. Good to see that is not the case.
Technical topics tend to be covered in workplace literature as if books need to be great tomes of wisdom. Vast swaths of knowledge and experience are treated in depth. Usually, a minimum of 900 pages is required.
So, I was trying to create a managed wrapper written in C# to implement a C++ call to a Win32 API subroutine that gives the program a special privilege. Bah humbug: HRESULT. Of course, such a function should have a managed equivalent, but not yet. Using P/INVOKE, this should be rather simple. But it isn't if you cannot immediately get your hands on the decorations that must be put in the C++ function header. It took Product Support Services several days to correctly identify the decorations. Something this basic should not be buried in musings on how Microsoft actually implemented versus how they should have implemented something. In my experience, there is no distinction between practical and vital information versus trivia in technical books. One must thoroughly plow the books to find the nuggets if they be in the book; something that is not guaranteed.
For anyone who is interested, the following is an example of the correct decoration:
extern "C" _declspec(dllexport) int _stdcall yBHGQ95Y83Srg76sd24bkVZZ(int togglePosition)
Windows "Longhorn" Server Beta 3 Ships!!!Making Windows Codename "Longhorn" Server must have been a management nightmare. And a whole lot of work. So, congratulations on finally coming to the end of a long journey.
I'm a little puzzled to know how this Server operating system differs materially from and is better than its predecesor, Windows 2003 Server. Can someone point me to the relevant PowerPoint presentation? Thanks.
Well, we do know that there is a non-GUI option that cuts out redundant software to permit deployment of key technologies without inadvertently turning on infection vectors.
What else?
MSDN Wiki Projects - #4 (last) - Internationalization
One man's meat is another man's poison. That's on old English saying derived from the French "Chacun a son gout." Some like short videos. Others like long videos. Personally, I like both long and short. With production resources, a long video can be edited down to a short video. Hence once interview could beget two videos.
MSDN Wiki Projects - #3 - A Huge ResponsibilityIt occurred to me only recently that the Wiki approach might be an effective way to document, at the level of detail necessary, all of the APIs and operational and configuration aspects of Microsoft products. It does not seem reasonable to expect the corporate behemoth to undertake the task alone. Naturally, such a Wiki would need to be closely monitored, as Wikipedia is, to limit the amount of damage done by vandals and the ill-informed.
Raj Jhanwar: Windows Vista Component Management Interface (CMI)
So, anyway, what is a "skew?" Actually, it is a SKU or Stock Keeping Unit number. You see, items that are mass produced are assigned SKU numbers so that retail sellers can order and inventory by models which are distinguished by their different SKU numbers.


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I'd like to kill a process in a bash script and wait for it to die before proceeding. The easiest and most reliable way to identify the process is by the command line arguments passed to it. Thus I use pkill -f. But while killall has the -w flag to wait until the found processes die, pkill doesn't seem to have that option. kill doesn't appear to have this option either so grepping the output of ps doesn't seem to work (and is fragile and hacky). I don't tihnk killall will cut it because I don't want to kill all processes with the same name. Does anyone know if there's a clean and easy way to kill a process from its command line arguments and wait for it to die?
The "wait" command might do what you want.
man wait
If the process has been spawned by your bash script: Just use $! to collect the PID and use kill and wait.
Otherwise (Because the shell is still bound by the underlying wait syscall's limitations and therefore can only wait for its own child processes; everything else, including killall's -w option, follows the same general idea as the script below. ):
pid=`pgrep -f <pattern>`
# Optional sanity check if you want to make sure to only kill a single process
if echo $pid | grep -q ' '; then
echo "Error: More than one process found. Quitting." >&2
exit 1
if ! kill $pid; then
echo "Error: Am not allowed to kill process ${pid}. Quitting." >&2
exit 2
while kill -0 $pid; do
if [ $i -gt $maxwait ]; then
echo "Error: Waited more than ${maxwait} seconds for process with pid ${pid} to die. Giving up." >&2
exit 3
i=$((i + 1))
sleep 1
Caveat emptor: Didn't try to run it, may contain bugs.
Ah, so it has to be done manually. That's unfortunate. Thanks for the code.
The preferred route is always to have parent kill child. When that's not possible, then it's much better to capture the PID somehow (to a file, if necessary) then try to figure out the process after the fact and kill it off.
Knowing what you're trying to do would be helpful.
I'd like to automate restarting various always-running java services. Each service has a unique main class so I kill them by main class. I could write the PID to a file and use that when killing a service but that would make it annoying to manually start a service and would increase complexity.
Doingt all of that is what init scripts are for. Every distribution contains enough stuff that most of the hard parts are managed for you (e.g., start-stop-daemon in Debian). If you need help, assistance is possible...
If you're debugging at the command-line, then don't daemonize the application in the first place. The hacky solution will eventually backfire on you, potentially in a dramatic, severe fashion.
Plus, if you control the code, you've hit a grand reason to add support for writing out a PID file. There are Java libraries to make "service management" a bit easier and that provide the necessary native code, though I can't recommend one over the other.
Thanks, I'll look into creating init scripts. From what I see, it seems like overengineering, but maybe it's the right way. If that isn't sufficiently simple, I'll write the PID to a file, but I'm not sure that that's an improvement due to its increased complexity.
This sounds like exactly what (modern) init systems are designed for - supervising running services.
If you're deploying on something with upstart this would sound like a fine use of instance jobs. I've found upstart config files to be easy to write, and you get process tracking / auto-respawn / status-y things for free.
It's presumably roughly as easy to do in systemd, but you're less likely to be deploying on something with systemd.
supervisord may be worth a look for you, if you're happy with Python.


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Especially for all our ladies: enjoy a classy special night @ Finns Beach Club and get yourself treated well! 🙂 See you there
Lips @ Finns
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- 2018-09-02 15:00 - 2018-09-02 21:00
Sunday the 1st of July La Laguna Bali will host its first organic market! 💐
We welcome all of you to support this lovely island by meeting more than 20 suppliers that all contribute to an eco-friendly environment
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Ribbon Dress
Added Dec 31, 2011
by ariation
Port Of Spain, T...
This is a dress I made for one of my graduation celebrations. I made it using 1 1/4" (or 1 1/2" ) satin ribbons. I bought myself a roll of champagne and about 30 yards of black. I did not use all but I got through most of it.
I've uploaded the inspiration dress design which I saw on a UK site I believe. I don't think they used ribbons to produce the effect but that's what the dress looked like to me.
I really love to use ribbon in my work as well, like a trademark.
The dress was made by making a shell out of a sturdy material (I used twill). Darts were put in and the side seams were joined. The back stayed open till I attached all the ribbons. I added ribbon piece by piece up the dress carefully layering for about a 1/2" overlap. WHAT A LENGTH PROCESS! but a wonderful result.
I hope you guys like it!
Material Notes
Sturdy fabric, satin ribbons
- For
- Women
- Garment Type
- Dress
- Style
- Evening Wear
17 Comments Sign in to add a post
Nov 21, 2012, 08.33 AMby iewa
Amazing! Looks great! Is the one side of each row open?
1 Reply
Nov 22, 2012, 03.49 PMby ariation
Thank you……yes the bottom side of the ribbin is left open to just fall over the ribbon layer below
Apr 10, 2012, 08.05 PMby orchiddream
Mar 8, 2012, 03.21 PMby Julia Morley
This is great! I agree that yours is totally better than the original dress – the lines down the side and the black band at the top give it much better lines. I can't imagine how long it must have taken to sew all those seams, beautiful work!
Jan 6, 2012, 11.57 PMby Yuki M
You made very beautiful lines. you look stunning !
Jan 5, 2012, 07.12 AMby rossallia
great inspiration. And looks gorgeous on you.
Jan 2, 2012, 03.03 AMby ariation
Thanks guys…………..It took alot of time, I really hope some of you would try it. I'm sure it would look great in colour!
Jan 2, 2012, 01.52 AMby turtlegirl00
like it? i LOOOOOOOOOOVE it! it is elegant and yet so modern looking. and you wear it well! excellent job!
Jan 1, 2012, 10.59 AMby pambox
That must have taken a lot of time and effort using so much ribbon. It looks great.
Jan 1, 2012, 12.37 AMby RenaissanceBombshell
I love it! I'm definitely trying this one!
Dec 31, 2011, 10.06 PMby neama
Oh I love your dress! So elegant and classy! Well done :)
Dec 31, 2011, 04.32 PMby LadyDanburry
Dec 31, 2011, 03.05 PMby martinK
another wonderful dress for a beautiful women!!!!
Dec 31, 2011, 02.44 PMby lienepien
Indeed! Looks wonderful! Must have been a lot of work but the result is there!
Dec 31, 2011, 11.28 AMby tirrs
looks great! and a amazing idea!
Dec 31, 2011, 04.20 AMby runningwithscissors1
Very cool! Love the idea and the dress.
Dec 31, 2011, 04.15 AMby patti-r
You look amazing, agree great job on the dress!!
Dec 31, 2011, 03.04 AMby Vanessa Velasquez
What a great interpretation of the original dress!!! I think i like yours better!!! and after i red your wedding dress post i am just curious to know how many time you spent doing this magnificent dress, maybe 1 or 2!!! ; )
Add to Favorites 8 people added it


text: Mary Wilson Mary Wilson is a Pennsylvania Public Radio reporter providing 90.5 WESA with updates from Harrisburg and beyond. Pennsylvania's Voter ID Law Gets Its Day In Court By Mary Wilson • Jul 14, 2013 Pennsylvania's voter ID law will be back in state court Monday after more than a year of legal limbo. A state judge will decide whether the 2012 law — which hasn't been enforced — violates the state's constitution. The measure requires voters to show a particular state-issued photo ID before casting ballots. Last week, civil rights advocates like the NAACP's John Jordan railed against the requirement. "It's a ploy to take votes away from people who deserve them — veterans, seniors, students, people with disabilities, people of color and hard-working folk," Jordan said.


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Albion Review
Albion Review is the literary journal of Albion College. Appearing each spring, the Review publishes short fiction, poetry, interviews, essays, photographs, and artwork. It is written by students, although faculty, alumni, community members, and distinguished visitors to campus may contribute as well.
The Albionian is the student edited yearbook. Established in 1909, it chronicles the life and times at Albion College.
The Pleiad, founded in 1883, is Albion College's weekly student newspaper. The Pleiad has three purposes: to inform the College community, train students interested in journalism, and serve as the voice of students on campus. Interested students may participate as reporters, feature and opinion columnists, sports writers, or can contribute photographs, story ideas, and letters to the editor. The following positions are hired every semester: Editor-in-Chief, managing editor, online editor, graphics editor, business and advertising manager, photographer, and circulation manager. These positions have a semester stipend.
WLBN provides hands-on experience in all aspects of running a radio station. Student volunteers are disk jockeys, create promotional tracks and commercials, organize music selections that are played on the air, write news and sports reports, and are active in all parts of radio production. All styles of music are encompassed from classic rock to hard alternative to novelty.