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In an Oct. 28 opinion, the Seventh Circuit relied on two of Professor David Faigman's books; the opinion in Jackson v. Pollion was written by Judge Richard Posner, who is one of the most respected jurists in the country.
The case involved an Illinois prison inmate who claimed that prison health officials were deliberately indifferent to his hypertension in violation of the Eighth Amendment. The Seventh Circuit affirmed the grant of summary judgment in favor of the defendants on the ground that neither defendant was deliberately indifferent. In the course of the decision, the court pointed out, citing Professor Faigman's book Legal Alchemy: The Use and Misuse of Science in Law, "a widespread, and increasingly troublesome, discomfort among lawyers and judges confronted by a scientific of other technological issue." Expanding upon that point, the court quoted Professor Faigman's book Modern Scientific Evidence: Standards, Statistics, and Research Methods for the reality that many lawyers exhibit a "math block"--an aversion to math and science. The balance of Judge Posner's opinion delved into the medical issues and concluded that "[t]he legal profession must get over its fear and loathing of science."
The opinion can be found here.
Professor David Faigman is the John F. Digardi Distinguished Professor of Law at UC Hastings, the Director of the UCSF/UC Hastings Consortium on Law, Science and Health Policy, and a Professor in the School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, at the University of California San Francisco. He graduated from the State University of New York, College at Oswego, where he majored in Psychology and History. He then went to the University of Virginia where he received an M.A. in social psychology and a J.D. During law school, he served on the Virginia Law Review, was elected to the Order of the Coif, and received the Roger and Madeleine Traynor Prize, awarded to acknowledge the best written work by a graduating student. After law school, Professor Faigman clerked in the chambers of the Honorable Thomas M. Reavley of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.
Professor Faigman writes in the areas of science and the law, and constitutional law. He has published numerous books and articles concerning the use, or failure to use, scientific research in legal decision-making. His most recent book was published in 2008, entitled Constitutional Fictions: A Unified Theory of Constitutional Facts (Oxford Univ. Press). He is also the author of Laboratory of Justice: The Supreme Court's 200-Year Struggle to Integrate Science and the Law (Henry Holt/Times Books 2004) and Legal Alchemy: The Use and Misuse of Science in the Law (W.H. Freeman 1999). In addition, he is a coauthor of the five-volume treatise, Modern Scientific Evidence: The Law and Science of Expert Testimony (2013-2014 edition) (with Jeremy A. Blumenthal, Edward K. Cheng, Jennifer L. Mnookin, Erin E. Murphy and Joseph Sanders). The treatise has been cited widely by courts, including several times by the U.S. Supreme Court. Professor Faigman also lectures widely to judges and lawyers, and served on a panel for the National Academies of Science investigating the scientific validity of the polygraph. He is currently a member of the MacArthur Network on Neuroscience and Law.


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WEDDING Gilmer-Kelly
Reid Nelson Kelly and Lindsey Claire Gilmer were united in marriage on September 18, 2010 at 4 p.m. on the terrace of the Alluvian Hotel in Greenwood, in a private family ceremony.
The double-ring ceremony was officiated by Rev. Ricky Wheat of Greenwood. A reception followed at the Alluvial Hotel.
The bride is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Mickey Gilmer of Starkville.
She is the granddaughter of Mr. and Mrs. William Merritt Sheppard of Greenwood, the late Mr. Robert Gilmer of Carthage and the late Dr. and Mrs. Bolivar Ayers Sims of Greenwood.
She is a 2006 graduate of Pillow Academy and a 2009 graduate of Mississippi Delta Community College with a degree in Culinary Arts.
The groom is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Kelly of Greenwood.
He is the grandson of Mr. and Mrs. Jim Crutcher of Greenwood, Mrs. Joan Rogers of Lyon, and the late Mr. Charlie Rogers and the late Mr. and Mrs. W.B. Kelly of Sidon.
He is a 2007 graduate of Pillow Academy and will graduate from the University of Mississippi in May 2011 with a degree in journalism.
Given in marriage by her father, the bride wore an ivory strapless gown with a beaded waistband.
The bridal bouquet was fall colored calalilies and orange roses with green hypericum berries.
The brides bouquet was tied with a handchief that belonged to the groom's great-grandmother, and she wore a pair of blue earrings which belonged to her grandmother.
Following the ceremony, the bride's parents hosted a reception for the couple and family.
The wedding cake featured three square tiers of white cake with buttercream icing on a silver cake stand and decorated with flowers matching the brides bouquet.
The groom's cake was a caramel cake. Both cakes were made by Adrian Tribble and Gwen Toomey of Delta Delicacy of Greenwood.
The guest also enjoyed fresh fruit, assorted cheeses, shrimp, grilled pork tenderloin, fried chicken strips, crab stuffed mushrooms, dips and crackers and sweet tea, all catered by the Alluvian Hotel.
The groom's parents hosted a rehearsal dinner at the Delta Bistro the evening before the wedding.
The couple is making their home in Oxford.
The couple was given a Bridal Shower/Brunch on September 11, at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Jim Locke. Hostess for the shower were Claire Bush, Lisia Cannon, Jan Champion, Nancy Holliday, Lisa Land, Jan Locke, Dot Miller, Margie Muse, Deleslyn Robertson, Carla Sutphen, Gwen Toomey, Adrian Tribble, Georgia Williams and Rima Williams.

subset: commoncrawl


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|By Michael Sheehan
Article Rating:
|December 7, 2009 09:45 PM EST
Happy Monday to you all !
This morning I was greeted with some snow from the clouds in the Bay Area.
Pretty amazing actually
Here is what is buzzing in the Cloud Computing space this morning:
- Novell to extend identity management to cloud, virtualized apps
"Novell plans eight new virtualized and cloud apps with built-in security that will aid in 'intelligent workload management'. (source: ComputerWorld)
- Commentary: This announcement by Novell plays directly into what we at GoGrid are trying to accomplish with the introduction of The GoGrid Exchange. When we first launched GoGrid back in March 2008, we provided a variety of images that had different "stacks" (e.g., LAMP, WAMP, etc.) baked into them. The idea was to facilitate in the deployment of pre-configured applications running on the GoGrid cloud. However, as time progressed, we realized that we are better at the raw Infrastructure business and not at maintaining super-specialized images that have applications installed above the infrastructure level. So, recently, we reduced our server image number to include primarily base OS images and then put the application layers above that in the hands of our partners. Since our partners are subject-matter experts, GoGrid users benefit from the latest and greatest security, management or other types of "stacks" installed on top of base GoGrid images. For example, Novell could provide their own "partner image" that has the Novell Identity Manager 4 baked into it.
- Advisers embracing 'cloud computing'
"Online technologies increase efficiency and reduce costs drastically, say satisfied users. Adviser Curtis Smith doesn't have to worry about getting to the office; it comes to him. He has created a virtual office by using online technologies for the day-to-day tasks that he formerly did on a desktop computer attached to servers. "I've got everything I need now online," Mr. Smith said." (source: InvestmentNews)
- Commentary: This article isn't about Cloud Infrastructure the way I normally write about it. It's more about how particular users (who could probably be generalized to encompass many business users) are using "the cloud" to increase efficiency and reduce costs. The way that Curtis Smith, for example, is doing it is by offloading many traditional software infrastructures to Cloud Apps or SaaS offerings. However, within the article, there are other examples of how Financial Managers are moving critical operations from aging physical infrastructure into online computing in the cloud. Not only does the article point out how Financial institutions are looking to the cloud for cost savings, they also view it as solid disaster recovery solutions or online alternatives for computing resources. I think this trickle-up effect will continue to pervade various verticals as the "cloud" begins to become ubiquitous for online compute and software.
- Open Cloud Services & Co-operative Community Clouds
"Now that I'm back and have had chance to recuperate from from my trip to Israel I thought I'd share a few of the more interesting ideas to come out of the conversations I've had. In particular were several comments that Alistair Croll made at CloudCamp Tel Aviv about the potential opportunities for what he described as "Free / Open Cloud Services" as well as an idea I had around the potential of so called "Cooperative Community Clouds"." (source: ElasticVapor)
- Commentary: This is less of a news story and more of a topic that is thought-provoking. Reuven gives a recap of an idea that circulated at CloudCamp Tel Aviv called: Cooperative Community Cloud. The idea being that a cloud infrastructure is shared by various organizations and that it (and all aspects therein like mission, security, requirements, policy & compliance) is managed by that community. While I think that this idea is sound, I'm wondering if it is a bit premature for those NOT in the Cloud Computing space. That is to say, we have all of the current obstacles of defining standards, overcoming security obstacles and generally "managing by committee" to overcome. I worried that while those of us who sit within the "Cloud bubble" (those who work in the industry) might think that this idea is the "cat's meow," that in a real-world application other users may scratch their collective heads and say "huh?" I do think this idea should be pursued, developed and nurtured, but it is also important that we don't lose focus on helping the general (less cloud-educated?) community at large understand why the cloud is important for them, and then, perhaps show this "Cooperative Community Cloud" as a case-in-point or example of how it can be used for the greater good.
Any cloud news that I missed? Please let me know.
- Cloud Computing vs Grid Computing
- Understanding "Clouded" Terms of Cloud Computing
- Cloud Computing Expo: Introducing the Cloud Pyramid
- How To Survive the Global Recession Through Cloud Computing
- Five Cloud Computing Predictions for 2010
- Cloud Computing on Windows Azure
- GoGrid Customers Can Now Use New Relic's RPM for Java/Ruby Web Apps
- GoGrid Exchange: BitNami Open Source Web Applications Images Available
- Amazon Outage Thriller
- GoGrid Cloud Computing Achievements of 2009


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now stop bitching for a dark theme.
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9 Circles of Hellfire Citadel (9/13 Mythic)- Still recruiting!
9 Circles of Hellfire Citadel (9/13 Mythic)- Still recruiting!
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Published on 07-28-2015 06:05 PM
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The Fury of Hellfire patch 6.2 has been released for about a month and Vigil is happy to be on the last leg of Hellfire Citadel at 9/13 Mythic. That being said, we are still looking to make some immediate additions to our roster for excellent, focused, raiders who are ready to take the incoming wipefest head-on.
We are specifically recruiting as follows:
1-2 ranged (spriest, warlock, moonkin)
1-2 healers (immediate need for resto shaman)
Read on for Lymi's Inferno
Hellfire Assault (Limbo)- As Dante's first circle was an inferior version of heaven, this encounter was a superior version of a trash pull.
Iron Reaver (Lust)- A few of us were overcome by barrage and blitz instead of lust, but that's not to say the fight still wasn't a blast...XT-Deconstructor would have loved to give this fel-infused dynamo a pounding if we didn't get there first.
Kormrok (Anger)- The punishment Kormrok inflicted on us reflected each of his pools, which taken one at a time wouldn't be too bad but altogether made for an interesting challenge.
Hellfire Council (Violence)- This circle brought 3 bosses that were each violent in their own right. Gurtogg brought the river of boiling blood, Dia mark dispelling made us want to suicide, and Jubei'thos punished us blaspheming sodomites with fel blade and felstorm which stung just as much as burning sand and rain ever would.
Kilrogg Deadeye (Greed)- In his thirst for power, he never saw us coming. That could have also been because of the missing an eye thing though...
Gorefiend (Gluttony)- There was no icy rain on this encounter so we should have been able to see the corrupted souls' healthbars a little better, but overall this was a very challenging/frustrating yet strangely rewarding fight. Getting caught in doomwells was just as self-degrading as overindulging in our addictions to raiding but we got our acts together and left Gorefiend out in the cold.
Socrethar the Eternal (Heresy)- His soul is eternally condemned to a fiery tomb thanks to us. Next!
Shadow-Lord Iskar (Fraud)- Like Geryon, Iskar took on different forms throughout his time on Draenor-ultimately leading to his alliance with the false prophet Gul'dan. He tried to trick us with dark bindings, but we saw right through them and now like the other frauds, Iskar's lying in a ditch somewhere.
Fel Lord Zakuun (Treachery)- To recognize that the treachery of one member of a house does not taint all born within it Grom and Garrosh Hellscream redemption in a nutshell. Just glad to see Grom wearing Zakuun's face as a helm, how cool is that, right? This fight was a great spin on the usual "dps/healer" check presented to wow players every tier.
This article was originally published in forum thread:
9 Circles of Hellfire Citadel (9/13 Mythic)- Still recruiting!
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Colin Briskman
|Lake Forest, IL
|High School:
|Lake Forest
|Previous College:
Personal best: 8K - 25:36.7 (UCR 12)
2012: Second Team All-SCIAC...seventh runner for 11th-place Stags at NCAA Championships
Personal: Son of Kathy Donahoo and Neil… Older sister Laura… Twin brother Jonathan (also on CMS XC)
Colin Briskman is one of the two CMS Briskboys. likes watching 'Oblivion.' "I find it visually stunning. And very, very terrible." The Cubs fan from Lake Forest, Illinois is majoring in economics as a senior at CMC. His spirit animal is a pronghorn antelope, and he has bounded to a 25:36 in the 8k, a 14:50 in the 5k and a 31:06 in the 10k. His dream run? "I get airlifted to the top of Spooner and I just run down." C-Brisket likes mangoes.


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Finals Week Day 1
Lesson 18 of 21
Objective: SWBAT: • Define rate and give examples of how they can use rates. • Describe the problem posed in "Finals Week" and identify the needed information. • Brainstorm ideas of how to solve the problem. • Use a strategy to solve the problem and show their math thinking. • Use peer feedback to revise their solution and work.
Big Idea: Which drink has the strongest caffeine concentration? How will you figure out this problem? What information do you need to figure this out? Students work on this problem for the first of two lessons.
This problem was created by Dan Meyer. The videos can be found at http://threeacts.mrmeyer.com/finalsweek/
For this two-day investigation, I Create Homogeneous Groups. Students will be in groups of 2-3. Students will complete their work on this problem in the next lesson.
At the end of each page there is a self-evaluation. I want my students to reflect on the same questions that they think about when reflecting during the Ticket to Go:
- Did I come to class prepared?
- Did I follow classroom expectations?
- Did I try my best?
- Did I support the learning of other students?
Resources (3)
Do Now
See the Do Now video in my Strategy Folder for more information on my beginning of class routines.
Often, I create do nows that have problems that connect to the task that students will be working on that day. Today I want students to define rates in their own way and to think about different strategies they have to use with rate problems. Students may mention tables, graphs, unit rates, double number lines, and equivalent rates.
Students participate in a Think Pair Share with a partner about their answers. I call on students to share their ideas with the class. I write the strategies on the board so students can reference them during their class work.
Resources (3)
Resources (3)
I read this sentence out loud, "She wanted to know which drink was more concentrated." I ask students what concentrated or concentration means. Students study this in science and may connect the words to a lab they work on. I want students to know that if a solution is more concentrated, then it has a higher proportion of the substance compared to other substances. I have a volunteer read the problem. Students participate in a Think Write Pair Share. Some students may create equivalent fractions such as 4/12 and 3/12 to compare the amount of fruit punch mix. Other students may be able to compare the two fractions and determine that 1/3 cup of mix for 3 cups of water is more concentrated. If students struggle, I ask them to look at the strategies we brainstormed and think of one that they could use.
I call on students to share out their ideas. I want them to recognize that Gwen's fruit punch is more concentrated because she has more fruit punch mix than Aida, and they both have the same amount of water. I ask students, "If you had some of Aida's and Gwen's fruit punch, would they taste differently?" Some students may make a connection to a time where they made lemonade or Kool-Aid. If you use the same amount of water, the drink with more mix in it will taste sweeter or stronger. Although with Aida and Gwen's drinks they may be too close to tell.
Resources (2)
Resources (2)
Introduction to the Problem
- Dan Meyer's video can be found at http://threeacts.mrmeyer.com/finalsweek/
I ask students what they know about caffeine. I give a disclaimer that students should not try what happens in the video at home J.
We watch the video and students take notes on what happened. After the video, I read over the questions. We watch the video again and students add anything they missed to their notes. I have students share out about what they notice and what they wrote down. I want students to generate questions about the problem. These questions will most likely be about the information students need like, "How big is each drink?" or "How much caffeine is in each drink?".
After students have shared the questions, I present the information about the name of the drinks, the size of the drinks, and the amount of caffeine in each drink. Students record this information in their packet.
Resources (1)
Students move into their partner pairs. I explain to students that they are going to spend five minutes brainstorming with their partner how they can solve the problem and why they think this idea will work. These ideas need to be written on the brainstorming page. When partners find an idea that they agree on, they will raise their hands. I will check in quickly with each pair to scan their idea. If they are on track I will tell them to move on to the "Focusing on one idea" page to work on solving the problem. For students whose idea is off-topic or not specific enough, I ask them questions about the problem and what they need to find out. Students are engaging in MP3: Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
Resources (1)
Focusing on One Idea
As students work I walk around and monitor student progress and behavior. Students are engaging with MP1: Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them, MP2: Reason abstractly and quantitatively, MP4: Model with mathematics, and MP6: Attend to precision.
If students are struggling, I may intervene in one of the following ways:
- Ask them to compare and contrast the finals week problem with the fruit punch problem. What is similar? What is different? Can we compare caffeine concentration just by looking at the amount of caffeine? Why or why not?
- Ask them to make a guess about which drink has the highest caffeine concentration. How can you prove whether or not your guess is correct?
- Ask students how they have solved problems comparing rates before. Can you apply any of those strategies to this problem?
- Allow students to use a calculator to help them check their calculations.
If partner pairs need an extra challenge, I may ask them:
- What is another way you can solve the problem to confirm your answer?
- Which drink gets you the biggest "bang" for your buck? Or, which drink is the best value for the amount of money spent?
My goal is that students have part of the question answered by the end of the work time. I want each student to record and show his or her work on the "Focusing on one idea" page.
Resources (1)
For Closure I ask students these questions:
- What is a rate?
- What is the finals week problem about?
- What is one strategy you and your partner used today?
Students participate in a Think Pair Share. I call on students to share out their ideas. Instead of giving a ticket to go, I collect students' work. Before the next lesson I quickly look over students' work. I write at least 1-2 questions on each partner pairs' work.
Example questions:
- What units/labels belong with this data?
- How can you organize your work so others can easily understand it?
- Why do you think this drink has the highest caffeine concentration? Prove it.
What is another way you can solve this problem to support your answer?


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The Mortgage Training Center offers Maryland loan officer classes and Maryland mortgage sales training products and services, including in-person, self-study, and online mortgage broker training!
Licensing Requirements
The SAFE Act requires that state-licensed Mortgage Loan Originators (MLOs) pass a written qualified test with a score of 75% or better, complete at least 20 hours of pre-licensing education courses, and take eight hours of annual continuing education courses
For more details, or to order a SAFE / NMLS Licensing Course, go to www.TheMortgageTrainingCenter.com/NMLS_Licensing.asp or select "SAFE/NMLS Licensing" and your state from the "Licensing" section of the search box below.
Maryland Mortgage Broker Licensing Requirements
For further details on Maryland Mortgage Broker Licensing requirements, go to:
Department of Labor, Licensing and RegulationCommissioner of Financial Regulation500 North Calvert StreetSuite 402Baltimore, MD 21202Telephone Number: (410) 230-6100Fax Numbers: (410) 333-3866 or (410) 333-0475E-mail Address: email@example.com
This information provided is based on state laws and regulations, and is subject to change. While TrainingCenter makes every effort to make sure this information is current and accurate, it is not engaged in rendering legal or professional advice, and shall not be held responsible for inaccuracies contained herein.
NMLS / Safe Licensing
Tax Return Analysis Workshop
Dealing with Appraisals: Compliance with New Standards
Lending 101
TRID Explained
Regulation Z: Truth in Lending (TILA)
Changes To The Dodd-Frank Rules
Best-Ever Compliance Checklists For Consumer Loans
Loan Processing 101 - The Basics
FHA/VA Processing - For Processors
Case File Underwriting Review - "FHA/VA Loans"
Mortgage Underwriter 101 - The Essentials
Fannie Mae &Freddie Mac Workshop
Calculating Income, LTV, &DTI Workshop
LAPP/SAR Underwriter - Step by Step Instruction
Understanding Commercial Loan Documents


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Model Practices
In the Spotlight
NACCHO will accept applications for the 2016 Model Practices from October 1 to November 13, 2015. A sample of the application is posted in "Related Content" as well as instructions on how to use the new application system and FAQs. Log in to myNACCHO to apply.
The Model Practices Database
Since 2003, the NACCHO's introduces several interactive review features to the Model Practices Database.
The Model Practices Database is a resource to
1. Get an idea: find proven initiatives, programs, resources, administrative practices and tools that address local public health needs,
2. Give an idea: submit an application about your innovative program or practice developed to meet a particular public health program or concern.
3. Try an idea: don't reinvent the wheel, put a practice to the test in your community.
4. Evaluate an idea: what did you think? Leaving feedback leads to continuous quality improvement.
5. Reference an idea: when you refer to the Model Practices Database in a speech or a paper, you're sharing what works in local public health.


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Spencer Pratt and Heidi Montag frittered away more than $1 million on designer clothes and handbags in a desperate bid to become the new Beckhams.
The former The Hills stars ended up broke after blowing a massive $10 million, fearing they had to spend money before the Maya-predicted Apocalypse in December (12).
The couple has now opened up about how they managed to lose so much cash, revealing they spent a fortune on designer clothes, private jets and gold bars to hand out to their friends, as well as $3,200 bottles of wine, penthouse hotel suites, security guards, make-up artists and stylists.
Pratt even bought a $96,000 rock to decorate their home as the pair desperately tried to set themselves up as rivals to superstar showbiz couple David and Victoria Beckham.
He tells Britain's OK! magazine, "I bought a 1,500 lb quartz crystal from a volcano in Peru - I needed a crane to put it in our house. In hindsight, that was a little excessive... When we came into all this money, we just couldn't spend it fast enough. I just lost the plot... When you start buying people cars and you're not David Beckham, you're heading for trouble...
"I spent over a million dollars on men's clothing because I wanted people to take me seriously as an A-lister. I wanted to be in the fashion magazines alongside Brad Pitt."
Montag adds, "I grew an obsession with Hermes Birkin handbags... I had wardrobes full. But we wanted to keep up with the Beckhams. I love Victoria's style."
They also lost $2 million by setting up their own record label to launch Montag's flop singing career.


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what's new
membership benefitsASAHPERD provides two conferences each year focusing on the professional development needs of its members. We also publish journals and conference flyers for our membership. ASAHPERD is very active with advocacy efforts in the state. As you can see, the WHAT that we do for a volunteer group is exceptional! learn more


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Do you know how much your products are worth? How low are you willing to price an item to compete with another ecommerce retailer?
With the advent of highly competitive pricing tools, winning the online pricing war can be a lose-lose for ecommerce retailers. Large online retailers like Amazon have an advantage in competitive pricing, as they can set the price low enough to run smaller retailers out of business. But there are other ways to compete - and it all starts with developing (or at least thinking about) an ecommerce pricing strategy.
Here are 6 tips that will help you develop an ecommerce pricing strategy:
1. Know your Margins
The reality of online retail pricing is that the lowest price doesn't always win. In fact, pricing battles usually end with you pricing your products too low. Even with enough customers, you still may not make a profit. If you are lowering your prices to a point where you are losing money, you should consider finding a better source, or adjust your product offerings to include more profitable items.
Getting your online store into a pricing battle can hurt you in the long term as well. When you consistently price too low, your customers will always expect the lower price, even when it is unsustainable to your business. As a result, you could lose those customers over time.
2. Know your USP (Unique Selling Proposition)
What makes us different? Every company has to tackle this question to determine their value proposition and target market. For online retailers, a unique factor could be excellent customer service (i.e. Zappos), free or timely S&H (i.e. Amazon Prime), or product you can't find anywhere else (DODOcase). Of course, there are many more.
With pricing competition at an all-time high, retailers have to think outside of the box when crafting a marketing or promotional strategy for their online store. Some retailers have found success by appealing to a sense of charity, especially around the holidays. For example, Shopify store owner, Ricky Padilla (pictured above) donates $1.00 to fund clean water projects every time someone purchases coffee from his ecommerce shop Brown Water Coffee. He also offeres free shipping on orders over $20 - which is a great pricing strategy that encourages people to buy more than 1lbs of coffee.
3. Lose-Leader (Selling Below Market Value)
Highly discounted pricing can be advantageous if paired with the appropriate merchandising strategy. The Lose-Leader Strategy assumes that an item sold below market value will encourage customers to buy more overall. Using this strategy, online store owners have the opportunity to upsell, cross sell and increase the total shopping cart value (average revenue per user).
Even if the profit is not impressive, this strategy stimulates client acquisition, opening the door for further marketing efforts. The value of customer acquisition outweighs the value of the transaction. A corollary strategy is to choose products that have a low CPA (cost per acquisition), to minimize loss. The end goal is to sacrifice losing money on one item in order to make a profit on the rest of the products sold (i.e. cereal cheap, milk expensive).
4. Offer Incentives
Once you know your margins, and price accordingly, then you can offer incentives to motivate your customers to buy. Even if you can't sustain an ultra-low price in the long term, you can always offer limited time pricing to reach these customers. For example, "Purchase in the next hour and receive 20% off!"
Semantics are also important here, as the language you use can attract customers and minimally affect your bottom line. If you have a surplus of products, you can profitably offer a 'twofer' (2 for 1). Additionally, people perceive large percentages as big savings. For example, "Buy one, get one 50% off!" The customer sees the 50% off, but really they are only getting a 25% discount. Shopify App Product Discount will let you run sales in your ecommerce store based on a variety of conditions: by product brand, type, collection, and more - so "buy one get one free" , "buy 3 get one 75% off" and similar sale situations are easy.
Being savvy with your incentives allows you the ability to garner attention to your products, and build a reputation for having good deals, without breaking the bank.
5. Diversify Product Offerings
To offer a diverse product offering that will sell, ecommerce store owners must first understand their market demand. Make sure that you are up to date with current trends by reading ecommerce news. Use products like "Google Trends" or "Google Insight" to check the popularity of a SKU and try to attend local Meetups with fellow online retailers.
Having a better idea of what your customers want gives you the opportunity to sell and generate profit from diversified products. When in doubt, give your customers multiple options to help them figure out what they want. In the lecture, "Are We In Control of Our Decisions" Dan Ariely recounts an MIT experiment he conducted to test the effects of product and pricing diversification. The entire video is worth a watch, but skip to 12:30 for the most applicable example.
Dan Ariely found that giving a customer more options influences their choice and their perception of a 'good deal.' Specifically, one unattractive option can emphasize the utility of other options, helping the consumer decide on an option that best suits them. The end result of proper diversification is that online retailers will offer bad options to emphasize the good, driving customers to act based on perceived value.
6. Test your Ecommerce Pricing Strategy
As with many things in ecommerce, one size does not fit all, so it is important to measure and test the success of changes you make to your online store's pricing strategy. Ideally, every change should be tested and validated with an analytics tool (i.e. Mixpanel, Google Analytics, Shopify Sales Dashboard).
For example, find out if your 'Summer Sale' (where you implemented one of these strategies) increased your conversion as you expected, or if the new, trendy products in the store are generating more profit than older products.
With Black Friday and Cyber Monday right around the corner, transcend futile pricing wars... equip your online store with appropriate strategies to help you sell more and stay ahead of the competition.
This is a Guest Post by Melissa Eisenberg, who is the Marketing Director at WisePricer, an automated pricing engine to monitor, analyze, and reprice online retail products in real-time.
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14 comments
September 07 2012, 12:30PM
Dan Ariely is a genius. Great article Melissa, thanks it'll help me with my store.
September 07 2012, 01:56PM
September 11 2012, 03:03PM
Thanks for sharing those insights Melissa, I may also suggest some more in depth best practice that analyze the difference between each pricing strategy (hands on approach that compares 3 top tactics to undo their competition) right here:
September 18 2012, 11:12PM
learn a lot thanks
February 09 2013, 06:55PM
Great article,
I have to mention that there are software-services for pricing strategy and competitor monitor. I have allready used a lot for my online store and the deliver their promisies.
After using www.competitormonitor.com,www.upstreamcommerce.com & www.price2spy.com , i finally landed on www.pricecomp.eu because of best price/service given balance.
April 09 2013, 09:06AMHI
Today i came across this amazing new website named nupinch.com…i really think you guys should check it out..
Link: http://bit.ly/XczfI3
October 30 2013, 11:31AM
Thanks a ton Mark for this great article. Further to your #6 Allow me to suggest a solution to help e-commerce stores to test the prices in scientific ways.
This is first tool in the work that can help e-commerce stores to scientifically understand demand/price elasticity & take the pricing decision more scientifically.
Hope this helps !
July 23 2016, 02:29AM
Beast top 6 points but mostly we are dealing with #2 points. Making the unique and better USP can attract customers towards your e-commerce store.
July 23 2016, 02:30AM
Best top 6 points but mostly we are dealing with #2 points. Making the unique and better USP can attract customers towards your e-commerce store.
January 17 2017, 11:33AM
Thank for the wonderful article!
Pricing has been one of those things that we've struggled with a lot. Do we price things competitively working with very small margins, but higher volume? Or do we price things fairly, the price we believe they deserve to convey that our products aren't cheap, they're more money buy you pay for quality?
I think we're shooting for the latter!
February 01 2017, 10:43AM
Great article! Coming up with a smart, competition-based pricing strategy is one of the fundamental steps you should take to stay at least in the game in 2017. 60% of customers name price as the single biggest reason they shop where they do. Have you got an idea of how competitively priced you are on key items today?
Recently I found a super fresh list of the most populat Price Monitoring Tools in 2017 https://mavitech.com/ecommerce-price-monitoring-toolkit/ and I'll be glad if it helps somebody.
March 15 2017, 02:24AM
In a modern day shopping website is great to get our desire requirements to find out and I'm so glad with this site on the basis of its benefit there are lot of daily life accessories and this makes it advantageous for people who choose to shop there instead of a single store. Families who decide to visit a shopping mall in the weekend or on a holiday for a family outing are because it's a more convenient option especially because parking is provided and so on.
March 15 2017, 02:31AM
In a modern day shopping website is great to get our desire requirements to find out and I'm so glad with this site on the basis of its benefit there are lot of daily life accessories and this makes it advantageous for people who choose to shop there instead of a single store. Families who decide to visit a shopping mall in the weekend or on a holiday for a family outing are because it's a more convenient option especially because parking is provided and so on.
August 18 2017, 03:06AM
Great article.
Pricing is the main factor which every ecommerce industry needs to update regularly. Many corporates are failing to provide updated pricing strategy for their clients. For my ecommerce store i'm glad i hired Springbord they provide the best Price monitoring service. They combine the latest software tools with data-mining and human insight. Springbord provide me regular reports on price changes along with market insights.


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Action Research
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- Supported bilaterally by Sweden and Norway, the Scandinavian Action Research Development Program (ACRES — Action Research in Scandinavia) emphasized conceptualizing research questions and self-conscious writing processes for experienced action researchers. Participants came from Norway, Sweden, Finland, Holland, Great Britain, and the United States.
A learning experiment in the tradition of Scandinavian industrial democracy, ACRES had both intellectual and organizational tensions common to action research projects. This book includes theoretical and historical overviews of action research, reflections on the writing process, narratives about the design and difficult internal processes of ACRES, and a selection of the participants' writings. A particularly unique feature of the book is the discussion of the problematic relationship between action research and conventional modes of research writing and an analysis of the complex social processes collaboratively managed projects create, in combination with a set of participant cases.

Action Research in Workplace Innovation and Regional Development
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- The past is an increasingly unreliable guide to the future.
European workplaces and the regions in which they are located face unprecedented pressures and challenges. Whereas in recent decades incremental adaptation has largely been sufficient to cope with external change, it is no longer clear that this remains the case. Globalisation, technological development and dissemination, political volatility, patterns of consumption, and employee expectations are occurring at a rate which is hard to measure. The rate of change in these spheres is far outstripping the rate of organisational innovation in both European enterprises and public governance, leading to a serious mismatch between the challenges of the 21st Century and the organisational competence available to deal with them.
In this context, there is no clear roadmap. The contributors to this volume address these issues and demonstrate that building the knowledge base required by actors in this volatile environment requires continuous dialogue and learning – a context in which social partners, regional policy makers and other participants share diverse knowledge and reflect on experience rather than seeking and imitating any notion of 'best practice'. Action Research has a crucial role to play, embedding shared learning within the process of innovation.
Admiral von Hipper
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- This work aims to constitute an objective analysis of a German World War I naval combat commander within his proper context, by closely defining both the military-technical and military-political milieux in which Franz Hipper operated. The description of Hipper's actions in the battles of Dogger Bank and Jutland and his handling of communications, airships, and the new technologies of war demonstrate the importance of the military environment. The volume also provides a glimpse into the decision-making process involved in the construction of German battle cruisers and the impact these decisions had in combat.
Advances in Organization Studies
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- This series includes cutting-edge theoretical and empirical books on comparative management and intercultural comparison, studies of organizational culture, communication, and aesthetics, as well as in the area of interorganizational collaboration – strategic alliances, joint ventures, networks and collaborations of all kinds, where comparative, intercultural, and communicative issues have a special salience.
Anfänge der Arithmetik im alten Orient und bei den Griechen
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- Wie die hier vorgelegten Untersuchung zeigen möchte, bietet die Arithmetik aus Euklids Elementen besonders gute Chancen für einen Erfolg bei der Suche nach Spuren, die das Wissen der Völker des Alten Orients in der griechischen Mathematik hinterlassen hat. Dazu kommt, daß uns eine Reihe von Tontafeln aus dem Alten Orient eine erste Einsicht in gewisse Rechen- und Begründungsmethoden bieten, die man dort spätestens seit dem 3. vorchristlichen Jahrtausend anzuwenden wußte. Zu der Vorstufe der Keilschrift, in der diese Texte abgefaßt sind, gehören nämlich Ziffern und metrologische Zeichen, die erkennen lassen, daß ihre Schreiber beim Lösen von arithmetischen Aufgaben Rechensteine zu benutzen pflegten. Dieser operative Umgang mit Rechensteinen, der in, den Schreiberschulen immer neuen 'Schülergenerationen' vermittelt worden ist, führte bereits im Alten Mesopotamien zur Entdeckung und Begründung einer Reihe von Einsichten, die methodisch und inhaltlich zu den Anfängen der griechischen Arithmetik gehören, doch das wird erst im Rahmen der nachfolgend zur Diskussion gestellten Untersuchungen deutlich werden.
Archaeology and Fertility Cult in the Ancient Mediterranean
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- The papers in this volume derive from the First International Conference on Archaeology of the Ancient Mediterranean (Malta, 1985). The field remains divided between the view supporting the existence of a universal belief in an all-pervading and all-embracing Mother Goddess – of which the fertility cult is just one, albeit important, aspect – and the view questioning the very bases of that theory. This conference showed that there seems to be a greater disposition for further dialogue. The fertility content in Near Eastern and Classical religions remains indisputable. The conference proved to be also, not accidentally, of special significance to Maltese archaeology. The volume is divided into four sections: Section I. Prehistory; Section II. Prehistory, Malta; Section III. Phoenician and Near Eastern Religions; Section IV. The Greco-Roman World.
Beyond Theory
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- Action Research is one of the most practical and down-to-earth ways of doing research into working life. Beyond Theory draws on examples and actual cases to discuss action research within the framework of the modern, and postmodern, theory of science debate. While action research has been much criticized by the traditionalists, the book reflects a convergence between action research and positions emerging out of the critique of scientific traditionalism. Discussions between these two fields of knowledge, originally so very different, can enrich both. The book will be useful not only to researchers and academics but to anyone who is interested in the role and use of knowledge in social and organizational development.

Canada on the Threshold of the 21st Century
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- This collection contains a selection of papers presented a the very First All-European Canandian Studies Conference that took place in The Hague, October 24-27, 1990. This unique meeting took place for the first time in the history of Canadian Studies. The focus of the papers is on the future rather than the past and it took place at a moment in time when Canada went through major crises that raised serious doubts about the country's future. The papers of this volume explore the main issues and problems that Canada faces. The volume contains sections on demography, environmental problems, economic transformations, Canadian identity, political power structure, aboriginal issues and Canada's international relations. As a whole the book takes stock where Canada stands and where it is going.
Changing Work Relationships in Industrialized Economies
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- This book examines changing work relationships in industrialized economies within the context of economic restructuring and demographic variables. The goal of this book is to examine experiences of industrialized economies in dealing with changing work relationships and discuss policy implications of creating such work relationships. The thesis of the book is that non-standard employment forms in restructuring economies affected all workers, but particularly females and the youth. Other demographic variables of education level, race/ethnicity/immigrant status, ability, and economic class were also underlying forces in the construction and arrangements of non-standard work. Research shows both positive and negative effects of changing work relationships on workers, though there is no conclusive result whether one or the other affect is stronger. The discussion in this book pays attention to this debate and sheds light on it. This book differs from others in its comprehensiveness of the coverage of work relationships, referring to part-time, temporary/casual, telework and self-employment without employees; in its examination of a variety of variables including gender, age, race/ethnicity/immigrant status, ability, education level, and economic class; in the analysis of the topic in relation with the economic restructuring; and in its initiative in collaboration of researchers from a variety of backgrounds and regions of the world that have expertise on changing work relationships.

The Civilized Organization
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This book brings a major new resource to organization studies: the work of Norbert Elias. By applying his ideas in a critical but sympathetic way, the authors provide a new perspective on the never-ending stream of management fads and fashions. Standing back and taking a more detached perspective, inspired by the work of Norbert Elias (1897-1990), it becomes clear that many 'new' types of organizations are often variations on an old theme.Elias gives us considerable purchase on current debates through his emphasis on long-term historical perspectives, his highlighting of issues of power, emotion and subjectivity, his interweaving of analysis at the level of the state, the organization, groups, and individuals, his alternative 'take' on issues of agency and structure, and his relevance to a wide range of current organization theories.The contributions show the current relevance of Elias's work in numerous fields of organizational analysis such as the sociology of finance and markets, the comparative and cross-cultural study of organization, comparative management development, organizational meetings, organizational boundaries, gossip and privacy in organizations, emotion in organizations, and the significance of humiliation within organizations.It is, indeed, "time for Elias"!
Concept-Driven Development and the Organization of the Process of Change
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- The Swedish Working Life Fund — a temporary organization functioning from 1990 to 1995 — distributed 10 billion Swedish crowns for workplace development and initiated 25,000 projects. About half of the total labor market was affected. This evaluation study, which is built on case studies as well as a survey of a representative sample of the project population, describes the emergent characteristics of organization development in Swedish enterprises and services. In order to locate the efforts of the Fund within an explanatory context, the study draws on the idea of concept-driven change, of participation in development processes, of development coalitions, of infrastructure for change and of a society, that is supportive of change.
Concepts and Transformation
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This problem-driven journal focused on the role of social research in workplace reform and organizational renewal. It presented new perspectives on the relationship between theory and practice in social science.

Volume 9 (2004) last volume published.

Creating Connectedness
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- Using a workplace development program as source of experience the book deals with the development of innovation processes. Since innovation means to explore the unique and the special to bring forth what does not (yet) exist, each innovation process must in itself be an innovation. The study explores the tools and activities needed to create such processes, like dialogue, networking, coalition building, and social partnership. The authors report from the position of collaborative actors involved in the innovation process rather than external observers.
Critically Constituting Organization
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- In the past, contingency and neo-Marxist theorists of culture reduced culture to an effect of something other than itself and, as they made culture metaphorical, they constituted its object of inquiry — a somewhat impossible pretension. This book extends the debate considerably. It does so through considering the work of Foucault in the context of the analysis of culture. While Foucault has had a considerable impact on organization studies, up to the present no text has systematically addressed what happens to organization culture when it encounter a Foucauldian gaze. Read this book and you will find out.Stewart Clegg, UTS, Sydney
Development Coalitions in Working Life
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- While the need to utilise knowledge from social research in processes of development in working life is growing, there is also a growing recognition of the problems posed by this utilisation. As the belief in universal reason and general theory about topics like work organization and leadership has faded, research has to find a place as a local development actor. As such it is part of broad groups of actors, or development coalitions, as they are called in this book. Each coalition acquires unique characteristics and demands unique contributions from participating researchers. At the same time there is still a need for generalisable knowledge since all local processes are linked to global ones. Using an ongoing research-supported development program in Norwegian working life as the basis, this book explores the issues and problems associated with a new role for research as a mediator, not between general theory and local application, but between local workplace actors and global trends. The program in case encompasses a substantial number of enterprises — many of them organized in networks — and more than 50 researchers organized in seven groups, or modules.

Discourses of Post-Bureaucratic Organization
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- This book considers the discourses that come into play in organizational change. The book outlines the tensions that arise for people having to enact change, and analyzes the ways in which they position themselves in changing organizational environments. The book takes a social semiotic perspective on discourse, organization and change. Here, discourse encompasses not only the multi-modal resources that people mobilize in organizational (inter)action, but also the practices and transformative dynamics afforded by those resources. The organizational changes highlighted in the book revolve around three dimensions of work that are increasingly coming to the fore: participation, boundary-spanning and knowledging. These dimensions are explored through case studies, including a health planning project, an initiative to standardize work practices, and the tension between paper-based and IT-based reporting. The book addresses the relevance of this discourse perspective to organizational research more broadly, by investigating organization as a dynamic of 'resemiotizations'.

Cover illustration by John Reid
Embedding Organizations
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- The widely discussed 'globalization' of economic activities has given rise to a renewed interest in the relations between such tendencies, the nature and demarcation of societies, and the nature and strategies of various actors and organizations within and cross-cutting societies. One approach to capture and express these themes has been Societal Analysis, initially developed above all to confront the internationally comparative study of work, organization, education and training, industrial relations, business and industrial structures.
After twenty-five years of practising and developing Societal Analysis, this book serves to systematize and redefine the approach, and to react to criticism and newly arising issues. It brings together proponents, sympathizers and critics of Societal Analysis. It enters new fields, and contributions are clustered around the enterprise, the economy, theoretical and methodological aspects, public policy and gender issues. The message stressed and demonstrated by the editors and various authors, is that the 'societal space' of social, economic political interdependencies is not being obliterated but complexified, and therefore a topical, useful and indeed necessary explanatory framework.

The End of the 'Asian Model'?
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With the economic crisis in Asia, which unfolded in recent years, the development 'model' on which the phenomenal earlier success of several countries in the region was built requires increasing scrutiny. This anthology questions the validity of the notion promoted by some observers and international financial organizations that there is a universally applicable model of industrialization common to Asian countries. A number of senior and highly regarded Asia specialists are taking a critical look at the various development experiences of several (and some often neglected) Asian countries and evaluate their experiences in a comparative perspective. Comparing the analyses of countries such as Mongolia, the Pacific Islands, or Sri Lanka with Singapore, South Korea and other countries of the region leads the editors of this volume to the conclusion that the fashionable talk about a 'model' is not justified and that the picture is much more complex.
European Union Discourses on Un/employment
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- Employment is clearly one of those fields of political activity that reveal the manifold problems and difficulties accompanying the process of European integration and supranational institutionalization. In particular the conflict between supranationalists and intergovernmentalists and the degree to which member states show willingness to cooperate with each other become manifest. The Union is struggling for new employment policies that should, on the one hand, be compatible with the European model of the welfare state, and, on the other, adopt to new economic constraints. These debates are accompanied by many conflicts between different interest groups and lobbies.
This study succeeded in looking behind closed doors within the EU organizational system. Committee meetings were tape-recorded and analysed, drafts of policy papers were examined for recontextualizations and the impact of interest groups and different economic and ideological concepts on policy-making made explicit. A comparison of decision-making processes in the European Parliament and in small networks of the Commission illustrates the different argumentation patterns and discursive practices that are involved in the formation of new employment policies. The ethnographic research is accompanied by a systemic linguistic and sociological analysis of various institutional genres and political spaces.
Fashion and Utopia in Management Thinking
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- Why is it that people in organizations seem to be so vulnerable to management fashion and guruism? And why is it that both phenomena are loathed in traditional academic thinking about management and organization?
In this book, René ten Bos argues for a more philosophical rather than scientific understanding of management fashion. In doing so he questions the positivist and utopian orthodoxies that have pervaded management thinking. Ten Bos contends that management fashion is a cultural phenomenon that deserves serious reflection not only because it is so immensely widespread but also because its seems to satisfy particular philosophical needs among its consumers.
Building upon some rather unusual sources in postmodern theory, the author argues that management fashion might encourage the practitioner to engage in philosophical self-experimentation and to adopt alternative forms of understanding. However, it is also argued that management fashion often fails to keep up to this promise because it remains paradoxically incapable of laying off its rationalist cloak.René ten Bos is a philosopher and management consultant. He works for Schouten & Nelissen and took his PhD at the Catholic University of Brabant.


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I often get asked about virtual pbx companies that offer voicemail transcriptions as part of their service. Voicemail transcription turns a regular voicemail into a text document that can then be sent as a text message to your phone or emailed directly to you. The benefit of a service like this is that it allows you to read a message rather than listen to it. Voicemail transcription comes in very handy if you're in a meeting and can't actually take the time to listen to your messages, but you can get away with reading an email or checking a text message. The challenge is that transcription services will often struggle to how much cialis produce accurate [how much cialis] results. However how much cialis, most of the time you can get the "gist" of a message without having 100% of message transcribed accurately. I use Google Voice on a regular basis and have found that their voicemail transcription service to be admirable. How much cialis granted, there are times it doesn't get the transcription perfect but in all cases so far i've been able to understand what the caller was trying to tell me.
Transcription AccuracyI have found that the quality of voicemail transcriptions are impacted by the following conditions:
- Call quality - if the connection is poor your transcription will suffer
- Accent - less than perfect pronunciation will often result in some humorous transcriptions.
- Speed - fast talkers BEWARE! If your friends tend to talk a mile a minute then some of the words will get blended together or clipped into shorter versions.
- Mumblers - A couple of my friends are mumblers and I even have a hard time understanding what they're saying! Add a computer transcription to the mix and you end up with the same results as you would with accents
- Soft Talkers - Whispers do not transcribe well!


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The Ruhr area of Nordrhein-Westfalen has a single LEZ covering 820 km², covering the towns/cities of: Bochum, Bottrop, Castrop-Rauxel, Dortmund, Duisburg, Essen, Gelsenkirchen, Gladbeck, Herne, Herten, Mühlheim, Oberhausen, and Recklinghausen.
There are also single LEZs in Nordrhein-Westfalen, in the cities of Aachen, Bonn, Dinslaken, Düsseldorf, Eschweiler, Hagen, Köln, Krefeld, Langenfeld, Mönchengladbach, Münster, Neuss, Remscheid, Siegen, Wuppertal and Overath.
In the Ruhr there are recommended lorry routes.
Only buy stickers from websites or offices of cities or TÜV, linked on our pages. Other sites are often much more expensive, if they provide you with a valid sticker at all.
- Diesel Euro 4(PM), 5(PM), 6(PM), Petrol Euro 1 / Green Sticker
All diesel vehicles, and petrol vehicles without a closed loop catalytic converter (Euro 1 or equivalent).
All vehicles must have a sticker - see National Scheme
key: black line is the boundary of the LEZ
A sticker must be bought before driving into the zone and displayed in the windscreen - see National Scheme. This sticker is then valid for all LEZs in Germany.
Proof of emissions standard (given on German vehicle papers) is needed to purchase the sticker. Germany also accepts the stickers from Czech Republic.
Buying German LEZ stickers
Stickers for German and foreign vehicles can be purchased from the vehicle registration authorities, authorised local garages, vehicle test organisations like TÜV, DEKRA, or some websites.
LEZ city authorities and other cities usually sell LEZ stickers. In person from city offices they cost €5, online they can cost more, and if they need to be posted abroad it can sometimes add a little to the cost. Buy German LEZ stickers from Berlin city, in English or German (cost 6€), and the sticker is posted to you, in Germany, or elsewhere.
Please allow enough time for the sticker to reach you. At times of high demand to foreign addresses it can take up to a few weeks.
Please also note, for the lowest cost stickers, please buy stickers from the official sources linked to on this website. There are both fake sites and sites that charge up to 5 times as much as the official websites.
Foreign vehicles are also enforced and are required to buy a sticker. Foreign vehicles emissions are taken primarily by vehicle age, as show in in this table.
German vehicles need to have a particulate trap certified on behalf of the German government. Local garages can advise on which filters should be used and this page allows you to find out what particulate filter your German registered vehicle can use - now for heavy as well as light duty vehicles. See also our retrofitting section.
Permanent, 365 days a year.
Manual enforcement by police of sticker in the windscreen. Even if the vehicle meets the emissions standard, if there is no sticker in the windscreen, the vehicle is illegal in the zone.
The penalty for entering a LEZ in Germany without the sticker required is 80 € plus an administrative fee that varies from city to city.
A National Framework sets out the Emissions Classes and main rules that can be used by cities for LEZs in Germany. The cities or regions then decide whether, where and when to do a LEZ, and what emissions standards will be required.
For foreign vehicles without a Euro standard on the vehicle papers, the following table is valid.
Electric vehicles without a combustion engine get a Green Sticker.
Stickers similar to those used in Germany, and mutually accepted, exist also in the Czech Republic.


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Seventy-two cattle-producer associations and various agricultural, consumer and religious groups are asking U.S. Department of Justice officials to consider blocking JBS SA's plan to purchase National Beef Packing, Smithfield Foods' beef operations and Five Rivers Ranch Cattle Feeding.
The signatories, including R-CALF USA, assert that the JBS purchases would "harm price, choice, innovation and competition in the beef industry." A letter to the U.S. Department of Justice urges officials to "scrutinize the merger, issue a second request for more information from JBS SA and strongly consider blocking it."
A news release from R-CALF USA (United Stockgrowers of America) stated, "Last year, JBS SA acquired Greeley, Colo.-based Swift & Co., to form JBS USA, making the Brazilian-owned JBS the third largest U.S. beef packer. If the above-mentioned deal goes through, it easily would make JBS the largest beef packer in the United States and in the world, followed by Tyson Foods and Cargill Meat Solutions.
"The primary focus of our concern is with the buying market for cattle, although we believe that reducing the number of major beef processors from five to three is likely to have adverse effects on consumers as well," the letter states.
R-CALF USA says that at the current level of market concentration, "there already is a diminished volume of cash market purchases due to the ongoing vertical integration achieved through packer-owned cattle, contracted cattle, and relationship cattle.
The merger "would constrict access to the cash market more than it already is, as limited access to the cash market already impacts the prices received for all classes of cattle because the cash market continues to set the base price for all transactions," said R-CALF USA Vice President/Region II Director Randy Stevenson, who also co-chairs the group's marketing committee.
"The signatories state that they believe the open market, competitive bid percentage of cattle, industrywide, is less than 35 percent today."


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JEFFERSON CITY, Tenn. - King College was defeated twice at Carson-Newman (Tenn.) College Wednesday by scores of 9-0 and 9-1.
In the opener King's Stephanie Mueller (Mt. Washington, Ky.), Christy Kooch (Knoxville, Tenn.) and Fallon Thomas (Bristol, Va.) all had a hit apiece.
Carson-Newman, now 9-6-1 in 2011, scored a run in the first with five in the second. The home team used a fourth-inning run with two more in the fifth to bring the game to an end early. Carson-Newman had four players with two hits each.
Samantha Watts (Nashville, Tenn.) was handed the loss. Mary Shealy went all five innings for Carson-Newman in the contest for the victory.
Mueller had King's lone RBI on the day in the fifth inning of game two which allowed Shauna Haga (Blountville, Tenn.) to come home on the double.
Dariayn Wright posted a perfect 3-for-3 effort in game two for Carson-Newman. M. Shealy came back and threw five innings in the finale.
King's Rachael Wilmoth (Morristown, Tenn.) suffered the defeat on the mound.
The Lady Tornado, with a 0-6 mark, travels to the Boombah Savannah College of Art & Design Smash Hit Spring Break Tournament for three straight days of action. First for King will be a noon contest Friday against the University of Rio Grande (Ohio). At 2 p.m. that day King and Brewton-Parker (Ga.) College meet.


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Walter Pall's main blog about bonsai and his work with trees from day to day. Lots of good pictures of good trees and lots of valuable information about bonsai.
Saturday, January 7, 2012
Oriental hornbeam with snow
7 comments:
- gracienc said...
Que Frio .......
- January 7, 2012 at 11:08 AM
- Jerry Norbury said...
How long do you expect the branches to eventually become on this tree Walter?
- January 9, 2012 at 9:42 PM
- Walter Pall said...
the braches will become much longer, about four times longer than now or even more. ButI will stretch the growth over many years.I think this tree has great potential. More images will be shown as soon as the snow is gone again.
- January 9, 2012 at 9:47 PM
- Cindy said...
I love this and learning about the bonsai. I have tried, again and again but can't grow them. I think it's more than directions and a green thumb, but it takes a special kind of person to do so.
- January 10, 2012 at 4:11 AM
- Jerry Norbury said...
@Cindy - you can best join a bonsai forum where you'll get specific help for the beginner. In the US http://www.bonsaistudygroup.com and in English speaking Europe http://www.weetrees.co.uk
Walter's trees are of the very highest quality and are not something you can grow in a short period but are often collected from the wilds...
- January 10, 2012 at 5:27 PM
The trees clad in snow are awesome! Thanks for sharing...
Q: For how long the trees remain covered in snow, and when the new shoots would sprout?
- January 26, 2012 at 8:18 AM
- Walter Pall said...
the snow is on the trees intermittently from December to March. There are weeks without snow, but it always will come back.
- January 26, 2012 at 8:49 AM


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Barry List | EurekAlert!
Further information:
Microtechnology industry is hiring – positive developments of past years continue
09.04.2018 | IVAM Fachverband für Mikrotechnik
RWI/ISL-Container Throughput Index with minor decline on a high overall level
20.03.2018 | RWI – Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Scientists at the University of California, Los Angeles present new research on a curious cosmic phenomenon known as "whistlers" -- very low frequency packets...
Scientists develop first tool to use machine learning methods to compute flow around interactively designable 3D objects. Tool will be presented at this year's prestigious SIGGRAPH conference.
When engineers or designers want to test the aerodynamic properties of the newly designed shape of a car, airplane, or other object, they would normally model...
Researchers from TU Graz and their industry partners have unveiled a world first: the prototype of a robot-controlled, high-speed combined charging system (CCS) for electric vehicles that enables series charging of cars in various parking positions.
Global demand for electric vehicles is forecast to rise sharply: by 2025, the number of new vehicle registrations is expected to reach 25 million per year....
Proteins must be folded correctly to fulfill their molecular functions in cells. Molecular assistants called chaperones help proteins exploit their inbuilt folding potential and reach the correct three-dimensional structure. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (MPIB) have demonstrated that actin, the most abundant protein in higher developed cells, does not have the inbuilt potential to fold and instead requires special assistance to fold into its active state. The chaperone TRiC uses a previously undescribed mechanism to perform actin folding. The study was recently published in the journal Cell.
Actin is the most abundant protein in highly developed cells and has diverse functions in processes like cell stabilization, cell division and muscle...
Scientists have discovered that the electrical resistance of a copper-oxide compound depends on the magnetic field in a very unusual way -- a finding that could help direct the search for materials that can perfectly conduct electricity at room temperatur
What happens when really powerful magnets--capable of producing magnetic fields nearly two million times stronger than Earth's--are applied to materials that...
08.08.2018 | Event News
A journey through the history of microscopy – new exhibition opens at the MDC
27.07.2018 | Event News
25.07.2018 | Event News
Unraveling the nature of 'whistlers' from space in the lab
15.08.2018 | Physics and Astronomy
Diving robots find Antarctic winter seas exhale surprising amounts of carbon dioxide
15.08.2018 | Earth Sciences
Early opaque universe linked to galaxy scarcity
15.08.2018 | Physics and Astronomy


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The Black Community Crusade for Children (BCCC) was launched in 1990 to combat one of the worst crises the Black child and family has faced since slavery and confront the deepening crisis faced by Black children. A toxic cocktail of poverty, illiteracy, racial disparity, violence and massive incarceration is sentencing millions of children of color to dead end, powerless and hopeless lives and threatens to undermine the past half century of racial and social progress. Over the past two-and-a-half decades, BCCC's successes include the CDF Freedom Schools® program; the Harlem Children's Zone; youth leadership development programs which have trained 20,000 young leaders; economic empowerment work in 77 "Black Belt" southern counties; and the placed-based policy work of PolicyLink.


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Overview | Guidelines | Information Correction Requests and Appeals | Contact
|You are here: Guidelines > Information Quality > Objectivity > Statistical Data
Department of Education reports and data collections that draw upon sample survey data should be clearly written, and should follow these Guidelines:
- In formulating a data collection plan, the goals of the study should be clearly described;
- The subjects to be studied and the data to be collected should be clearly defined, using broadly understood concepts and definitions that are consistent with Department data definition handbooks;
- The research study approach or data collection techniques should be well thought out and designed to use state-of-the-art methodologies in the data collection and should also be clearly described in the study documentation;
- In designing the work, every effort should be made to minimize the amount of time required for study participants;
- The source of data should be reliable. The sample should be drawn from a complete list of items to be tested or evaluated, and the appropriate respondents should be identified, correctly sampled, and queried with survey instruments that have been properly developed and tested;
- Response rates should be monitored during data collection. When necessary, appropriate steps should be taken to ensure that the respondents are a representative sample;
- Care should be taken to ensure the confidentiality of personally identifiable data, as required by law, during research/data collection, processing, and analysis of the resulting data;
- Upon completion of the work, the data should be processed in a manner sufficient to ensure that the data are cleaned and edited to help ensure that the data are accurate and reliable;
- The findings and data collection should be properly documented and stored, and the documentation should include an evaluation of the quality of the data with a description of any limitations of the data. In particular, any known limitations of the information should be documented (e.g., missing values, amount of nonresponse);
- Data should be capable of being reproduced or replicated based on information included in the documentation, such as:
- The source(s) of the information;
- The date the information was current;
- Any known limitations on the information;
- The reason that the information is provided;
- Descriptions of any statistical techniques or mathematical operations applied to source data; and
- Identification of other sources of potentially corroborating or conflicting information.
- If secondary analysis of data is employed, the source should be acknowledged, the reliability of the data should be confirmed and documented, and any shortcomings or explicit errors should be acknowledged (e.g., the representativeness of the data, measurement error, data preparation error, processing error, sampling errors, and nonresponse errors);
- The analysis should be selected and implemented to ensure that the data are correctly analyzed using modern statistical techniques suitable for hypothesis testing. Techniques may vary from simple tabulations and descriptive analysis to multivariate analysis of complex interrelationships. Care should be taken to ensure that the techniques are appropriate for the data and the questions under inquiry;
- Reports should include the reason the information is provided, its potential uses, and cautions as to inappropriate extractions or conclusions, and the identification of other sources of potentially corroborating or conflicting information;
- Descriptions of the data and all analytical work should be reported in sufficient detail to ensure that the findings could be reproduced using the same data and methods of analysis; this includes the preservation of the data set used to produce the work;
- Prior to dissemination all reports, data, and documentation should undergo editorial and technical review to ensure accuracy and clarity. Qualified technical staff and peers both inside and outside the Department should do the technical review;
- All work should be conducted and released in a timely manner; and
- There should be established procedures to correct any identified errors. These procedures may include the publication of errata sheets, revised publications, or Web postings.
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Last Modified: 10/17/2005