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Course Code: SC
Term: May 2017
Start Date: May 31 2017
End Date: Sep 9 2017
Duration: 15 weeks
This course has ended
Learn from experts in your community
May 2017
Cities are home to half the world's seven billion people and contribute to about three-fourths of global economic output. An additional three billion people are estimated to live in cities by 2050, increasing the urban share of the world's population to two-thirds.
Yet, cities and urban areas across the world face major challenges: poverty, unemployment, poor housing and lack of basic services for over 1 billion slum dwellers, constraints on productivity due to lack of basic infrastructure, and a concentration risk due to natural disasters and climate change. This classical view of the city, as a site of unresolvable problems has inhibited interest and investment in them as sites of opportunity and change.
Sustainable cities build on the extraordinary potential of urban areas to enable change due to concentration of economic activity, innovation and job creation; the potential for social transformation, high levels of concentration of culture, people, infrastructure and buildings and the ability to redefine the relationship between rural and urban, and thereby enable rural prosperity.
Recognising this, in September 2015, member-countries of the United Nations, adopted a historic stand-alone goal on Sustainable Cities "to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable" by 2030, leaving no person, place and ecosystem behind.
This course explores what Sustainable cities are about. It examines how urban sustainability can be delivered: how cities function as systems of systems; how we can increase urban productivity and reduce urban poverty and inequality, enable urban inclusion and safety; provide universal basic services, housing and infrastructure; protect the urban environment, reduce risk and vulnerability . It further explores what actions need to be taken to improve urban governance and financing for sustainable development and key institutions and agents that can make this possible.
The course is delivered by global thought leaders and practitioners and aims to equip participants with an interdisciplinary understanding of contemporary thinking on, and practices related to Sustainable Cities. It blends practical experience and cases from cities and regions in five continents, along with urban theory to help develop an understanding of key issues and responses to the challenge of sustainable urbanisation.
The course is led and curated by Aromar Revi, Director of IIHS and members of the Urban SDG Campaign and leading urbanists. Members of this delivery team were involved in bringing Sustainable Cities into the heart of the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) process, linking it with climate change and disaster risk reduction that are brought together via emerging interdisciplinary domain of 'urban science'.
The course is structured around a series of pre-recorded lectures, readings, live webinars, quizzes, discussion forums, and other activities. Each of these course components can be completed at a time that is convenient for the student. The material for each week is made available each Wednesday (00:00 UTC), and once the material has been opened, it remains open for the duration of the course. There are no written assignments for this course.
In addition to the asynchronous components of the course, leading urbanists will hold real-time webinars to enable participants to ask questions and engage directly with the questions of sustainability. These webinars will be announced 1-2 weeks in advance.
The estimated time commitment to complete all course components is 4-6 hours per module. This includes engaging with the required videos and readings and attempting the weekly quiz, webinars and participation in the discussion forum.
The gradable components of this course will only be based on the 'Required' video lectures and readings. There is no final examination or quiz. Assessments are continuous and are linked to quizzes at the end of every module.
The advanced content, will not be assessed, but is targeted at advanced practitioners and researchers with some prior experience of addressing urban sustainability.
All students who successfully complete the course will receive a digital certificate of completion, signed by the instructors. To successfully complete the course and receive a Certificate of Proficiency, students must score an average of 70% or higher on the quizzes. Students that score 85% or higher, will receive a Certificate of Proficiency with Distinction. While this course is not credit granting, we encourage students to work with their own institutions to explore the option of granting credit for online coursework.
If you have any additional questions on the course structure or requirements, please email the IIHS MOOC team at firstname.lastname@example.com or SDG Academy Team at firstname.lastname@example.com.
For technical questions about the platform, please email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Module 1: 31 May - 06 Jun 2017
The Urban Opportunity
Chapter 1. The Urban Opportunity (I&II) - Aromar Revi, Indian Institute for Human Settlements (IIHS), Bangalore
Chapter 2. Cities as centers of cultural and social transformation (I&II) - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 3. The challenge of urban politics, planning and governance (I&II) - Edgar Pieterse, UCT, ACC, Cape Town
Chapter 4. Urban research and methods - Eugenie Birch, University of Pennsylvania, Penn IUR, Philadelphia
Chapter 5. Urban theory and history - Susan Parnell, University of Cape Town, African Center for Cities, Cape Town
Module 2: 07 Jun - 13 Jun 2017
What makes a city function?
Chapter 1. Understanding Urban Systems - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 2. Municipal, Regional and National governance - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 3. Urban Utilities and Services - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 4. Urban Public Finance and Taxation - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 5. Law, order and conflict - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 6. Land Management and Planning - Raf Tuts, UN-Habitat, Nairobi Chapter
Chapter 7. How cities function: Lessons from London and Mumbai - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
14 Jun - 20 Jun 2017
Module 3: 21 Jun - 27 Jun 2017
How can we reduce urban poverty and make cities inclusive and safe?
Chapter 1.What is urban poverty? - David Satterthwaite,International Institute for Environmental Development, London
Chapter 2. New ways to measure urban poverty - David Satterthwaite,International Institute for Environmental Development, London
Chapter 3. Cities as sites for poverty reduction - William Cobbett, Cities Alliance, Brussels
Chapter 4. What is affordable and adequate housing? - Gautam Bhan, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 5. Who can deliver the housing we need? - Gautam Bhan, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 6. Safety and violence - Joshua Castellino, Middlesex University, School of Law, London
Chapter 7. Urban risks and vulnerabilities - Allan Lavell, FLASCO, San Jose
Module 4: 28 Jun - 04 Jul 2017
How can we make cities productive and reduce inequality?
Chapter 1. Cities as loci of production and consumption - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 2. Women in the Informal Economy - Renana Jhabvala, WIEGO/SEWA Bharat, Delhi
Chapter 3. Migration, mobility and the urban-rural continuum - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 4. Wealth and inequality in urban areas - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 5. Case Study of SEWA, India - Renana Jhabvala, WIEGO/SEWA Bharat, Delhi
Chapter 6. Migration and the refugee crisis - Clare Short, Cities Alliance (CA), Manchester
Module 5: 05 Jul - 11 Jul 2017
How can we improve human development in cities?
Chapter 1. Addressing the Challenges of Urban Public health - Srinath Reddy, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Delhi
Chapter 2. Health services and planning solutions for improving urban health - Srinath Reddy, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Delhi
Chapter 3. Education and skills - Chandrika Bahadur, SDG Academy, Delhi
Chapter 4. Higher education in Cities - Chandrika Bahadur, SDG Academy, Delhi
Chapter 5. Gender in the city - Gautam Bhan, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 6. Human rights and justice - Joshua Castellino, Middlesex University, School Law, London
Chapter 7. Law and Equality - Joshua Castellino, Middlesex University, School Law, London
Chapter 8. Apartheid and Planning in South African Cities - Susan Parnell, University of Cape Town, ACC, Cape Town
12 Jul - 18 Jul 2017
Module 6: 19 Jul - 25 Jul 2017
How can we provide universal urban services and infrastructure?
Chapter 1. Sustainable environmental services and infrastructure- Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 2. Sustainable Transport planning- Peter Newman, Curtin University, Perth
Chapter 3. Information, Communication, and Technology- Jeffrey Sachs, Columbia University, New York
Chapter 4. Sustainable Urban energy systems- Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 5. Sustainable Transport Planning : Bangkok - Apiwat Ratanawaraha, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok
Module 7: 26 Jul - 01 Aug 2017
How can the urban environment be protected and cities be made resilient?
Chapter 1. Air, water, food and natural resources - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 2. Urban agriculture for sustainable cities - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 3. How do cities accumulate risk exposure? - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 4. Climate impacts, adaptation and mitigation - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 5. Building Urban Resilience - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 6. Environmental planning, management and the politics of change- Raf Tuts, UN-Habitat, Nairobi
Chapter 7. Sustainable environmental practices: Durban- Debra Roberts, EThekwini Municipality, Durban
Chapter 8. Urban Disaster Risk Management - Allan Lavell, FLASCO, San Jose
Chapter 9. Post-disaster Recovery - Kamal Kishore, National Disaster Management Authority, Delhi
02 Aug - 08 Aug 2017
Module 8: 09 Aug - 15 Aug 2017
How can cities and urban areas be governed better to make them more sustainable?
Chapter 1. SDGs and other global processes - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 2. New forms of institutions and governance - Aromar Revi, IIHS, Bangalore
Chapter 3. Public participation and democracy (I&II) - Edgar Pieterse, UCT, African Center for Cities, Cape Town
Chapter 4. Financing Sustainable Development- Michael Cohen, The New School University, New York
Chapter 5. Measuring and monitoring the SDGs - Eduardo Moreno, UN-Habitat, Nairobi
Chapter 6. Addressing the Opportunities of Secondary Cities - David Simon, Mistra Urban Futures, London
Module 09: 16 Aug - 22 Aug 2017
Who can enable and implement this change?
Chapter 1. Who are helping make cities more sustainable? - Aromar Revi, IIHS
Chapter 2. United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG) and Urban Sustainability - Edgardo Bilsky, UCLG, Barcelona
Chapter 3. Urban innovation: community-based organisations and civil society: Case of SDI - Sheela Patel, SDI/SPARC, Mumbai
Chapter 4. UN-Habitat & International Development and Financing agencies - Eduardo Moreno, UN-Habitat, Nairobi
Chapter 5. Implementing Urban Sustainability - Aromar Revi, IIHS
Chapter 6: International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) and Urban Sustainability - Gino Van Begin, ICLEI
Chapter 7. Local leadership: a case study of Melbourne - John Thwaites, Monash University, Melbourne
Chapter 8. International Climate Action: A Case of Chinese Cities - Seth Schultz, C40 Cities, New York
23 Aug - 05 Sep 2017
CLOSING WEEKS (to complete quizzes and post-course survey)
Curator and Lead Faculty - Aromar Revi
Programme Coordinator - Garima Jain
Media Directors - Subasri Krishnan and Yashodara Udupa
Teaching Assistant - Niyati Dave
Camera - Kunal Deshpande, Yashodara Udupa and Zohrab Reys Gamat
Additional Camera: Isaac Berner
Light Assistance: Shekhar
Sound: Jamie D'silva and Rakesh U.P.
Additional Sound - Kunal Deshpande, Subasri Krishnan, Zohrab Reys Gamat
Editing - Sandhya Kumar, Vinay Ghodgeri, Yashodara Udupa and Zohrab Reys Gamat
Additional Editing - Sandeep Viswanath
Graphics - Radhamohini Prasad
Additional Assistance with Graphics - Arindam Jana, Charrlotte Adelina P, Mohan Raju JS
Video and Sound Post-Production - Pradeep Nayak
Research Assistance - Aishwarya Balasubramanian, Ana Abbas, Anushree Deb, Amrita Chattopadhyay, Jaikishan Agarwal, Jessica George, Rahael Kuruvilla, Sarita Pillay, Sushmita Ramoji, Suman Barat, Teja Malladi
Additional Content Assistance - Neha Sami
Word Edit Support - Rekha Raghunathan, Nishtha Vadehra
Production - Ananth Kumar, Kailash Singh Rawat, Neelufer Aslam, Pancham Singh Rawat, Puttaswamy, Sanjay Kumar Pal, Sreejith Suresh
Location Production Assistance: Alicia Fortuin, Sfanele Ntuli, Siphiwe 'Zane' Silinda
Legal Assistance - Amlanjyoti Goswami, Kaye Lushington, Amrita Basu Mallik, Karuna Sharma
Transcription - Anurag Dasgupta, Asha Mavinasara, Masoom Parmar, Nikita Vidhyalankar, Satyavrat Krishnakumar, Shaurya Singh, Teesta Krishnan Sinha
Translations (Hindi) - Communication for Development and Learning (CDL)
Equipment hire - Adams, Vineet Videos, Wildclickz
Cape Town
New Delhi
New York
Thanks to:
African Centre for Cities, University of Cape Town (UCT)
Chulalongkorn University
Cities Alliance
Columbia University, Earth Institute
Curtin University
eThekwini Municipality
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales(FLACSO)
ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability
International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED)
Middlesex University
Mistra Urban Futures
Monash University
Penn Institute for Urban Research (Penn IUR)
Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI)
Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC)
SEWA Bharat - All India Federation of Self Employed Women's Association
Shack/Slum Dwellers International (SDI)
The New School University
United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG)
UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN)
Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing (WIEGO)
Angshuman Das; David McEwen; Holger Kuhle; Jahnavi G.H.; Mohammad Fayaz; Capt. K Pooja Vasanth (Retd); Rebecca Heines ; Sandeep Kumar Mitra; Swastik Harish; Varalakshmi; Vidya Jindal
Chandrika Bahadur for the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) SDG Academy
This course was made possible through the generous support provided to the SDG Academy by the Jeffrey Cheah Foundation
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Sustainable Cities


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This Multiple Sequence alignment using Genetic Algorithm Project in java is aimed at developing a tool for alignment of multiple DNA sequences. DNA molecules are chains of nucleotides. There are four different types of nucleotides, denoted by A,T,G and C. The primary structure of a protein is a linear chain of amino acids. There are twenty amino acids, denoted by A, R, N, D, C, Q, E, G, H, I, L, K, M, F, F, P, S, T, W, Y and V. Therefore , both proteins and DNA molecules can be represented as strings of letters from relatively small alphabet.
Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) refers to the problem of optimally aligning three or more sequences of maximize symbols with inserting gaps between the symbols. The objective is to the number of matching symbols between the sequences and also use only minimum gap insertions. This problem appears in several fields, such as molecular biology, geology and computer science. In biology it is especially important for constructing evolutionary trees based on DNA sequences and for analyzing the protein structures to help design new protein.MSA belongs to a class of optimization problems with exponential time complexity, called combinatorial problems.
To compare different alignments, a fitness function is defined based on the number of matching symbols and the number and size of gaps.
This Project is aimed at solving multiple sequence alignment using novel genetic algorithm. In this project evaluations were done regarding the performance and efficiency of the algorithm. It was compared with the existing ClustalX MSA tool for validation. The real data sets were provided from Dept. of Biotechnology Pondicherry University. The results were satisfactory and can be used for purpose of sequence analysis.
This project has helped in understanding the importance of Genetic Algorithm for solving NP complete problems.
- It can be enhanced to solve the MSA in grid environment keeping the basic algorithm same to achieve still easier way of distribution.
- It can be further extended to include finding idle systems in network before distributing the task.
- It can include phylogenetic tree construction algorithm to enhance the tool functionalities.
- The project can be further enhanced by including functions to find motifs and conserved regions in alignment.
Download Genetic Algorithm Project Code and Report in Java source code, project report, design details and database.

subset: commoncrawl


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Gradius (NES) review
"From deep space and the theme that accompanies it, we fly full tilt into the earthly environs of level one. Dormant volcanoes line the ground, until at last, one volcano proves to be active, and violently so. Hide, and pray, and shoot, and survive the angry magma to fight Gradius' only boss (outside of the final one, snicker. More on him later). A nondescript ship faces off with you on the right of the screen and moves up and down, loosing volleys of slivery blue lasers. The same pattern is necessary for every level when he greets you. Take his eye out for the first time in level one, knowing that it wont be the last. "
Staff review by Marc Golding (January 03, 2004)
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Dr. Dre (who burst onto the rap scene as a solo artist in 1992 with "The Chronic") may be living large, but his Beats Music is definitely small.
The four-month-old subscription streaming service had just 111,000 subscribers in March, according to a report released on Tuesday — that puts it w-a-ay behind sector leader Spotify, with 6 million paid subscribers.
Apple is in the process of acquiring Beats Electronics, which makes audio gear, and its Beats Music operation, for $3.2 billion.
The subscriber number, reported in a blog post at The Trichordist (a site crusading for better streaming fees for artists), reveals it had a slow start out of the gate — despite kickoff TV spots during the Super Bowl and the Grammys and spots on Ellen DeGeneres' talk show.
Beats also had plenty of promotional help from partner AT&T, which is offering three months of free service.
While Beats Music's marketing budget hasn't been revealed, some put it as high as $40 million. If that figure has been spent, then each customer — many of whom have signed up for free trials — cost the firm $360 to acquire.
A spokesman for Beats Music declined comment.
Spotify had about a million paying customers globally a year after its US launch in summer 2011. Domestic numbers weren't given.
Meanwhile, Apple board members were not amused at Dr. Dre's Facebook post that seemed to confirm the Apple deal before it is announced, sources said.
The deal is expected to be announced late this week or early next, sources told The Post.
At the end of April, Apple's iTunes store began offering sign-ups for Beats Music, which may energize subscriber enrollment.
"One thing that's clear, we've decisively moved from ownership of media — the ship has sailed; people don't care about owning content anymore," BTIG analyst Rich Greenfield told The Post.
"We're in an access economy. Apple needs to adjust to that," he said.


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Speaking after his release for good behaviour after serving nine months of a three-year sentence, Mr Zaidi, 30,
alleged he had also been repeatedly beaten and whipped in his first few days of custody.
He told a news conference at the TV station where he works that his actions were motivated by what he called the oppression and humiliation of Iraqis under the US occupation.
He said that while he is now free, his country is still held captive.
Mr Zaidi was jailed for assaulting a foreign head of state. He shouted "it is the farewell kiss, you dog" at Mr Bush on Dec 14 last year, seconds before hurling his size 10 shoes at the man who ordered Iraq be invaded and occupied six-and-a-half years ago.
Although Mr Bush, who successfully ducked to avoid the speeding footwear, laughed off the attack, the incident caused massive embarrassment, to both him and the Iraqi prime minister, Nouri al-Maliki.
Mr Zaidi faces the prospect of a very different life from his previous existence as a journalist for Al-Baghdadia television, a small, privately owned Cairo-based station, which continued to pay his salary while he was in jail.
He is now in great demand and has had offers to work abroad.


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Spilve Airport in Riga
One of the most impressive socialist realism buildings in Riga
Spilve Airport, can be found on the outskirts of the city, today housing Riga Aviation museum and still being used by some aviation enthusiasts.
Spilve's meadows in Iļguciems, Pārdaugava were used for mostly military planes already during the First world War and soon after the war a passenger airport was built, but didn't last long, because it was destroyed in German air raids on 22nd of June, 1941, more than a week before the Nazis entered city of Riga. The same faith awaited the rebuilt airport in 1944 when Soviet troops were advancing and only after the Second World War it could be again turned into the biggest passenger airport in Latvia.
After the WWII Latvia became part of Soviet Union and most of the important public buildings and structures up to 1955 were constructed in the so called Soviet neoclassicism(sometimes referred to as Stalin's Baroque) – Science Academy and Stone Bridge just to name a few. Spilve Airport was no exception and this 1954 building is probably one of the most lavish of it's era. 2 years after Stalin's death the Communist Party changed their policies towards architecture and the decorated and very expensive post-war buildings were replaced by prefabricated modernist attempts of building the future city.
One thing less observed in other places is the meltdown of Soviet symbols and Latvian folklore ornaments in the decorations and wall murals. Happy Latvians, fully dressed for a folklore event, holding Soviet flags. Hammer and sickle side by side with Jumis and other centuries old Latvian writings. The aviation museum has thrown in some inter-war period aviation posters with the fire cross to get you completely buffled.
All this and the possibility to go back in time to the 1950s make this a good half day out to a place that once was one of the biggest Soviet airports in their western territories. Things did change drastically after 1975 when Riga International Airport was built and Spilve was neglected, but otherwise it's hard to imagine it would have stayed frozen in time.


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DCA hosts art exhibition in Garden Wing
Photo: Contributed Photo, Contributed
Artist and instructor Bernice Weiss and her students will show more than 30 pieces in an exhibition at the Darien Community Association, 274 Middlesex Road, Feb. 10 to 14.
Exhibiting artists, in addition to Weiss, are Joan Hutchinson, Jackie Hyzynski, Susan O'Neil, Catherine Paquin, Marilyn Safran, Susan Schafer and Pauline White.
The exhibit will be ondisplay in the DCA's Garden Wing and will be accessible around scheduled events and DCA's regular hours of 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Monday through Thursday and 9 a.m. to noon Friday.
For information, visit dariendca.org or call 203-655-9050.


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Sochi 2014 and Rio 2016 Paralympic Games acquire European Broadcasting Union partnership
CHAD WISE / Sports Features Communications
February 28 – The European Broadcasting Union, operating EUROVISION, has partnered with the International Paralympic Committee to cover media rights on all platforms for the Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games, the Rio 2016 Paralympic Summer Games and other para-sport events.
The EBU will exploit the media rights for all EBU territories, except for Russia for Sochi 2014 and the United Kingdom for both Paralympic Games. Twenty-seven EBU Members have committed to show the Rio 2016 Paralympics.
EUROVISION will provide the IPC with extra services, like production, distribution, and onsite activities, to increase coverage of IPC Championships and test events to further the Paralympic Movement.
"This agreement is a major statement of intent about the growth of the Paralympic Movement and the growing appeal of the Paralympic Games," IPC President Sir Philip Craven said. "London 2012 was broadcast to over 100 countries, reaching a cumulative global TV audience of 3.8 billion, all of whom I am sure were left inspired and excited by what they saw. To have secured so many territories through the EBU for Sochi 2014 and Rio 2016 so far out from both Games is fantastic news and I'd like to personally thank both Organising Committees for their support.
"I'm also delighted that the EBU will cover and provide extra services for other para-sport events. It is important that the world gets to see athletes in action outside of the Paralympics at events such as World and regional Championships. This deal will help achieve this, further raising the profile of para-sport."
"The Paralympic Movement – like public service broadcasting – is about inclusivity and universality," EBU Director General Ingrid Deltenre said. "Sport reaches more people through free-to-all channels of our Members, so the EBU and the IPC are ideal partners, given our respective values and missions. We are proud to be the IPC's broadcast partner, and the EBU relishes the chance to help in the growing success of the Paralympic Movement."
"We are thrilled to have secured Europe-wide coverage so early on in our preparations to deliver excellent and memorable Paralympic Games in Rio 2016," President of the Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games Carlos Nuzman said. "This will provide us with a network of broadcasters with which we can already start working on a variety of fronts, from perfecting our operational plans to showcasing the transformation of the Games are bringing to Rio and Brazil.
"The IPC has been doing an excellent job in raising the profile of the Paralympic Movement and its athletes, and we can only benefit from this work. We welcome the EBU Members and EUROVISION in our journey for the years building up to Rio 2016 and are looking forward to collaborating with the to make our Games an unforgettable experience for their viewers."
"The deal between the IPC and EBU marks an important event for the further promotion of the Paralympic Movement," CEO and President of the Sochi 2014 Organising Committee Dmirty Chemyshenko said. "Millions of TV spectators throughout Europe will be able to follow the 2014 Paralympic Games in Sochi and plunge into the vibrant atmosphere of this truly exciting competition."
Keywords · Sochi 2014 · Rio 2016 · EBU · EUROVISION
For more information contact:
Laura Walden ()
All original materials contained in this section are protected by United States copyright law and may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, displayed, published or broadcast without the prior written permission of Sports Features Communications, Inc the owner of that content. It is prohibited to alter or remove any trademark, copyright or other notice from copies of the content.


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Department of Physics Papers
Josephson Current and Noise at a Superconductor/Quantum-Spin-Hall-Insulator/Superconductor Junction
Document Type
Journal Article
Date of this Version
We study junctions between superconductors mediated by the edge states of a quantum-spin-Hall insulator. We show that such junctions exhibit a fractional Josephson effect, in which the current phase relation has a 4π rather than a 2π periodicity. This effect is a consequence of the conservation of fermion parity—the number of electron mod 2—in a superconducting junction and is closely related to the Z2 topological structure of the quantum-spin-Hall insulator. Inelastic processes, which violate the conservation of fermion parity, lead to telegraph noise in the equilibrium supercurrent. We predict that the low-frequency noise due these processes diverges exponentially with temperature T as T→0. Possible experiments on HgCdTe quantum wells will be discussed.
Suggested Citation:
Fu, L. and C.L. Kane. (2009). "Josephson current and noise at a superconductor/quantum-spin-Hall-insulator/superconductor junction." Physical Review B. 79, 161408(R).
© 2009 The American Physical Society
Recommended Citation
Fu, L., & Kane, C. L. (2009). Josephson Current and Noise at a Superconductor/Quantum-Spin-Hall-Insulator/Superconductor Junction. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/physics_papers/69
Included in
Date Posted: 06 January 2011
This document has been peer reviewed.


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Torrance, CA Medical CenterVisit Website
"If I had to start this project from the very beginning, I would pick Scorpion every time. When Ashley County Medical Center decided to build a new website, we wanted it to be "second to none," and that is exactly what we got with Scorpion. They truly care for their clients! The care that their team continues to show us is amazing. We have weekly meetings, and if I need them sooner, I know all I have to do is call. Scorpion wants to see their clients succeed. We are so grateful to be working with Scorpion, and we are excited to see where this will take Ashley County Medical Center!" - Caitlin Martin Ashley County Medical Center
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Saban Community Clinic
Los Angeles, CA Community ClinicVisit Website
"Thank you for helping BCH realize our vision for a patient-friendly website. We are so grateful to you. Our new website is a critically-important piece of our healthcare access strategy -- and a giant leap forward for our patients and our community. I wanted to give you a heartfelt thank you for helping us create this stunning new website and it is a true gift to our community that will mean a great deal to the people we serve." - Jennifer Parker Boulder Community Health
Boulder Community Health
Colorado Medical CenterVisit Website
"Please accept my warmest thanks for your hard work and patience in helping Humboldt General Hospital create and continue to grow a beautiful website. We are all in the customer care industry but you folks light the way. Your responsiveness is amazing. I always know that I can count on you, even when deadlines are tight. Plus, your quality—your eye for design—is exceptional. I give you my rudimentary ideas and you produce a stellar product every time. I also love your management system. It's very intuitive and I haven't had a "website knot" in my stomach since our partnership began. It's really nice to experience the type of care and concern that so many times we talk about but rarely see." - Nicole Maher Humboldt General Hospital
Humboldt General Hospital
Winnemucca, NV HospitalVisit Website
"Scorpion's helpful and knowledgeable staff has provided Anaheim Regional a streamlined process which facilitated the development of our company website with ease. Their tools for publishing made it easy for all staff members of different calibers to contribute and construct our new website, and their staff has been available at any time to assist us quickly and efficiently with any topics we have had." - Blake Adams Anaheim Regional Medical Center
Anaheim Regional Medical Center
Anaheim, CA Medical CenterVisit Website


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I received the Covergirl + Olay Simply Ageless 3-in-1 Liquid Foundation for free from Bzzagent in exchange for my honest reviews.
I have tried a handful of liquid foundations here and there but haven't found one that really worked.
Using Covergirl's "Embrace Your Face Tool" to narrow done the colour that best fits with my skin tone, I selected the 250 Creamy Beige. I was surprised how closely it matched with my now tan skin, given that I selected this online. Not bad.
The foundation dispenses similar to a heavier textured mousse through the pump dispenser. It was easy to dispense this with minimal mess (yay for no sponges or brushes). I quickly worked it into my skin, I immediately noticed a difference. My skin looked smoother and fairier. It felt very hydrating and not too heavy to cause any acne break outs. I was worried it would pick up all the wrinkles and make them more prominent, but I didn't have to worry at all because it didn't make them more obvious and kind of seem to reduce the appearance of them a little. My face looked fairly flawless and glowing, but did look a little too heavily made up so not quite au naturale.
I am not a fan of the cosmetic scent, it irritates my sensitive nose a bit.
Overall, this is a pretty decent liquid foundation. I would definitely use this foundation a bit longer and see how it works out on the long run (at least until I finish the bottle).
I received the following products complimentary of Influenster for reviewing purposes.
I was really excited to try the new L'Oreal Hydra-Total 5 collection. I was sent the Miscellar water cleanser, the toner and moisturizer.
Soothing Routine Miscellar Water
I have never tried cleansing water before, so it was interesting to say to least. I was pleasantly surprised by how well it removed my makeup, most notably my waterproof mascara. After using the cleansing water, my face felt very clean (like I had just washed it) and it felt softer. Another plus was that it didn't cause any breakouts to my sensitive skin.
One thing I didn't like is the flip top, it makes it hard to dispense the water. Would like it if it had like a pump or a lid like the toner bottle. Also, I'm not sure if it really left my face hydrated, it felt like borderline dry/hydrated, so I'm on the fence on that claim. I know the directions said to dab, but I found that it was not very effective at removing my eye makeup, so I ended up rubbing it a bit.
I like how this toner delivers what it promises. It doesn't dry out my skin, unlike other toners. The toner has more of a gel like consistency to it, leaving my skin refreshed and soft feeling after I apply it. I was worried that it would cause my skin to break out or become extremely dry. Luckily, neither of that happened. It works well with my combination skin and provided some hydration after it dried.
I am not a fan of the bottle design. I either get too much toner or not enough, maybe changing the lid would help.
At first I was a little sceptical as to how well this would hydrate my skin without being too greasy, but I soon changed my tune. This moisturizer is definitely one of those products where a little goes a long way, if not it will feel very heavy and greasy. Due to the very dry conditions of the winter weather, I found that this moisturizer definitely helped replenish the moisture in my skin all day long, even after spending a prolonged period outdoors.
This moisturizer has a light floral scent that I am not fond of, would be nice if it was unscented. Also, even though I used only minimal amounts of it, I found that there are occasional periods where my face felt a little greasy later on in the day.
I received the Secret Outlast® Clear Gel from BzzAgent to review.I was surprised by how well the Secret Outlast® Clear Gel worked. It was my first time using a gel deordant and surprise surprise I liked it. So since I've already put the gel to the test with my fitness routine (yoga, running, squash and pilates), I thought I would change it up and see if it can keep up with me on a typical Sunday.
Sunday Feburary 8, 2015
Woke up to a relatively sunny and warm Sunday morning, which was surprising as there was a decent amount of snow forecasted for the entire weekend. Got out of bed, put on my fitness outfit, applied the Secret Outlast® Clear Gel and tied my hair back. Now I'm ready for my morning yoga session with my honey and puppy (she's the expert at dog-yoga ;))
Got my favourite workout outfit on.
After yoga, it was time for some brunch! Bring on the delicious foods :)
Baked eggs in avocado and homefries.
Now it's off to hiking on the trails with our dog, after bundling up in lots and lots of layers to stay warm. And boy was it a long hike! I was definitely getting over heated in my winter outfit, but not once did I worry about wetness, because I know Secret has me covered. After an extensive hike, I think it was about 9 kilometres and still our dog wasn't worn out at all!
She's complaining that the hike isn't long enough.
And now... off to toboganning!!! Definitely the highlight of the day. Up and down we went. I totally lost track of the time and was totally enjoying myself.
When we finally got home, I was totally wiped out. Thanks to Secret Outlast® Clear Gel I was able to focus my entire attention on the day's activities instead of my armpits. Now to get dinner going.
I received this game complimentary of Influenster in exchange for my honest review.
Growing up I loved playing Monopoly, even though some of the financial side of things was a little hard for my young mind to grasp, actually it still is! So when I received Monopoly Junior in the mail, I was excited to test it out.
Monopoly Junior is like a children's version of the original Monopoly game. Seriously look how cute the game pieces are and the board. What I wouldn't give to have this when I was a kid...just kidding because I can play this now :P
My verdict: What stood out in the Monopoly Junior version was the game pieces and how easy it was to understand the rules and instructions for younger kids. It certainly gives kids a fun time with Monopoly, but on a smaller scale (compared to the actual Monopoly) and requires less time, which is always a bonus given their short attention spans! The game was definitely a little easy for some kids, I find it's definitely more suited for slightly younger kids, but nevertheless it's still fun and a good introduction to Monopoly, board games and finances.
His verdict (keep in mind he's a very intelligent 9 year old): it's very easy to set up, with simple to understand instructions. It was fun to play and short enough that I wasn't bored by the end of it. We actually played it three times, but I think its a bit too easy, it can stand to be more challenging, but overall it's a fun game for children.
Overall, it was a fun and somewhat competitive game night at home. I would definitely recommend this game to people with young children who are looking for simple but fun board games to introduce them to.
I was lucky enough to be selected to receive the Garnier Fructis Color Shield collection. The collection I received, included:
Let me start off by saying there's nothing worse than dying your hair a lovely shade of red, only to have it fade away quickly. So needless to say, this collection came at a good time.
Shampoo and Conditioner:
It smells amazing and somewhat sweeter than I had expected. I imagine it's the camelia seed oil that makes it smell that good. Anyways, the shampoo lathers up nicely, although it felt a little heavy in my hair (borderline greasy) before I washed it off. Thankfully, the greasiness feeling went away after rinsing. The conditioner was easy to apply and work into my hair.
I totally love how soft and great smelling my hair was after washing it. I couldn't stop touching it after I finished blow drying it.
Shine Spray:
This spray was a little too sweet for me to handle, even spraying it just once was a bit overwhelming. While it did make my hair appear shiny and protected it from the hair dryer, it was close to borderline greasy even with just 1-2 sprays. Have to be very careful when using this spray.
My hair colour, 4 weeks after I originally dyed it.
Final Verdict:
Overall, this colleciton worked wonderfully to leave my hair soft, shiny and most of all maintained my dye colour. It would be nice if the scent was toned down a tiny bit so that it's not as sweet as I am rather sensitive to smells. Otherwise, this is a lovely collection for anyone seeking a collection to protect their hair colour and keep the colour lasting weeks longer.
Who doesn't love getting manicures? I was very excited when I received the #imPressManicure VoxBox through Influenster. I like the idea of easy press on manicures, but I wasn't too sure how I would like it as I don't treat my self to a manicure too often nor apply fake nails. I was a bit hesitant about the patterns I was given. But hey, work with what you got!
Things I liked:
Things I didn't like:
Side Note: I never noticed this before, but I seem to consciously and unconsciously touch and play with my hair quite often throughout the day. Why I noticed this? Well... my hair keeps getting caught in the manicure and I had to untangle my fingers from my hair several times. Ouch! Some habits are hard to break.
Overall, I wouldn't mind wearing the #imPressManicure for special occasions, but definitely no longer than a few days since it makes it hard to follow through with my regular routine and making sure it doesn't fall off without me noticing (wouldn't want that to happen when I am cooking!)
Teetering on the edge,
Precarious position to maintain.
Stumbling too far to the left,
Will result in one disaster.
Reach too far to the right,
May end in a point of no return.
The see-saw teeters unevenly,
Threatening to tip over.
Grabbing onto nothingness,
First times are the hardest,
The need to balance ever present,
The finesse of maintaining both fragile ends.
Reaching far and wide,
Casting a net,
Searching for a saving grace,
Cautious steps taken,
Appearance deceiving at every turn,
Never more or forever more?
So the big reveal to the #MysteryBrand that I had received arrived and it is....the Garnier Fructis Damage Eraser collection! Presenting the Damage Eraser Shampoo, Damage Eraser Conditioner, Damage Eraser Strength Reconstructing Butter, Damage Eraser Split Ends Bandage
OK, I am guilty as charged for peeking at my friends' feeds and their best guess as to what the #mysterybrand could potentially be. I can't help it, the temptation was too great =P
I am actually not surprised that the #mysterybrand is from the Garnier Fructis brand. After all, Garnier Fructis has an amazing collection of wonderful smelling hair products. It has been a few years since I last used any of the Garnier Fructis hair products (with the exception of their Moroccan oil), but wow the Garnier Fructis Damage Eraser collection is amazing and beyond what I had expected from the brand.
Having been given samples of the shampoo, conditioner and split ends bandage, I was intrigued by the Strength Reconstructing Butter. As I have already reviewed the former 3 products in a previous post (http://jana24.livejournal.com/20578.html), I won't focus on them in this post too much. Although, I want to know that since noting in my previous post I had found the shampoo to not lather up as much as I was use it; this doesn't seem to be too much of an issue if I used a bit more shampoo. Either way, it's not a drawback or anything. So back to the Strength Reconstructing Butter. I have used it 2 times so far and while I cannot report on whether or not I have noticed any significant changes to my hair so soon, I can say that the texture (soft and easy to apply) did remind me a lot of L'Oreal's Re-Nutrition Deep Moisture Mask.
Given the unusually harsh and extremely cold winter that we have experienced in Canada, my hair was in desperate need of some TLC! My hair was visibly dry, it lacked the usual luster and shine usually seen during the warmer months and it was getting fragile. The Garnier Fructis Damage Eraser collection definitely came at a good time. After 3+ weeks of using the collection, I am happy to report that my hair is softer, shinier and more resilient than ever. There are also less split ends to be found <- shhh I get bored and like to randomly play with my hair. Just take a look at the difference in the photos below of the before and after shots of using the collection after 3 weeks.
I have to say that I think that if I continue to use this collection my hair would be ready just in time for spring. Plus the amazing scent is an added benefit (when a guy notices and compliments you on it, it's a huge plus in my books!).
So if you are in the market for affordable and salon quality hair products definitely give the Garnier Fructis Damage Eraser collection a try. You will definitely feel and notice a different within 1-2 weeks (at least it did for me, but mind you everyone's hair is different, so don't hold me accountable if you don't notice a different as quickly). For my somewhat fussy, dry and does-whatever-it-wants-straight hair, this collection is highly recommended.
I received Influenster's VoxBox #MysteryBrand this week.
Thoughts After 3 Uses:
Shampoo: it smelled very nice and wasn't heavy on my hair or anything. It foams up OK with a decent amount of product, but not as much as I like or am use to.
Conditioner: like the shampoo it smelled very nice. Made my hair pretty slippery, the conditioner wasn't heavy that it was weighing my hair down and a little bit goes a long way. Love how smooth it made my hair feel after rising it out.
Split-End Serum: I was so afraid that if I used too much it would overpower my senses and weigh my hair down so much that it would look like I have greasy hair. Turns out my fears were unfounded. I toweled dried my hair as instructed, applied the serum, worked it in and then blow dried the roots of my hair. Mind you it took a little longer than expected for the serum to absorb completely into my hair, but I am fine with that since I usually just clip my hair up. The serum absorbed into my hair when my hair dried, leaving a lovely smell.
Day After Using Products
My hair feels really soft the next morning after washing it...although I can't say for sure if it's due to the products that I tried out the night before, given that my hair is really soft and silky to begin with, but this is a slightly different kind of softness that I haven't felt before. Will have to keep a close eye on it.
Current Overall Impressions
Too early to tell anything yet. But I am intrigued to see what these products can do to help repair my dry and slightly damaged hair. I thought I would toss in a before photo of my dry and damaged hair for good measure.
I received the Broadway Nails imPRESS Press-on Manicure through Influenster.
I have never used press-on nails before and I was highly impressed by this press-on manicure.
I admit, I wasn't a huge fan of the pattern that I received but the ease of use and quality of nails outweights that. I like how it comes in a variety of sizes, especially since my nails are fairly small.
My tips:
Overall, I am super impressed with this press-on manicure. I can't wait to check out the rest of the collections.


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Centrally located in Longwood, an easy commute from Sanford, Lake Mary, Winter Springs, Altamonte Springs, Maitland and Winter Park
Does your dog need training? You'll find classes for puppies (up to one year old), both basic and advanced classes and more.
Classes consist of one private lesson with Therese at the training studio and six one hour group lessons. The private lesson prior to attending class will help you and your dog have an understanding as to what is to be expected on the first day of class.
Click on the class that interests you below:
Therese has been training dogs professionally since 2000. Prior to opening Dogs Unlimited in 2007, she was an animal actor trainer and wildlife rehabilitator.
She is a professional member of the International Association of Canine Professionals, and an evaluator for the American Kennel Club Star Puppy, Canine Good Citizen and Canine Good Citizen Advanced tests.
Therese believes that accountability from the human along with a calm energy is the key to receiving good behaviors from your dog.
Using food, treats, toys, and praise to encourage good behavior, along with constant repetition and then adding distractions and distance we will teach our dogs to be accountable for their good choices. The great thing about this approach – it works!
Committed to providing the most effective solutions to her clients dog training needs, Dogs Unlimited is well respected in the community and is referred by veterinarians and dog related businesses. Many dogs have been helped with their behavioral issues thanks to Therese. As an experienced teacher, Therese can guide you and your dog from puppy class through advanced obedience, trick classes, and therapy dog training.
When not helping clients reach their goals with their canine companions, Therese enjoys teaming with her registered therapy dogs volunteering to visit with hospital patients and nursing homes. Therese worked with hospital administrators at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center to start a dog therapy program in 2007. The program flourished with the help of her beloved therapy dog, Spencer.
Currently three dogs share their lives with Therese and her husband. "Nikita" the Doberman, "Wyatt" the Bluetick Coonhound, and the always entertaining terrier mix "Little Man".
What do dogs, "the wondrous person who brings them to classes" and even vets have to say about Therese?
(We don't have to praise Therese because our clients do a great job of that for us!)
"For anyone who has ever had what they thought was a "problem or untrainable" dog, Dogs Unlimited is for you and your dog.
My Maggie was "bull-headed" and refused training until we met Therese. She trained Maggie to the point of receiving her Good Citizen award, but most of all, she taught me how to train Maggie . . . (MORE)
Bear Lake Veterinary Clinic
"I am a small animal veterinarian in the Central Florida area and I have been recommending Therese for more than 10 years. She gives personal attention to all of her clients and offers a wide range of training services.
I recommend my clients with new puppies for her group classes. Therese focuses on positive reinforcement of behaviors and works with not only the puppy but with their owners . . . (MORE)
Golden Retriever
"In November of 2016, I rescued Allie, a 6-year-old Golden Retriever from the Golden Retriever Rescue of South Florida. Allie was an overweight (98 pounds) grumpy girl, with no manners whatsoever who jumped into cars (uninvited) and onto people (uninvited). She had been repeatedly returned to shelters because she was so big, untrained, and rambunctious that in her exuberance, she knocked down people and furniture . . . (MORE)
Golden Retriever Puppy
"My daughter Kristen and I have had our Golden Retriever for barely 4 months but after only 3 lessons he is already responding to basic commands. In addition, we have no reservations taking him places as he has learned to behave appropriately in public situations. (Last week he attended a High School Lacrosse game.) . . . (MORE)
A private lesson will help you and your dog know what is to be expected for the first group lesson. The private lesson is an hour long and we will discuss appropriate equipment, behaviors to practice prior to coming to class, and what is needed to have a successful first group class. We will also cover any problems you may be having with your dog.
Make up classes must be completed within the same session. You can attend a class that is offered on another day or evening.
YES, you need to bring poop bags with you. It is your responsibility when you are in public with your dog to clean up after them.
Wear comfortable clothing for the weather, we will train indoors as well as outdoors . . . closed toe shoes/sandals are a must. NO flip flops.
Not needed. We have water bowls inside and out, unless your dog is fussy about their own bowl, then bring a travel bowl with you.
If you and your pet are new to our classes, initial costs are for one private class and six one hour group lessons. That cost is $170. After completing the first session, any six-week group class is $120.
15-mile radius from Longwood.
We only accept Cash or Check.


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Mass retailers such as Wal-Mart, drugstores such as Walgreens and online retailers such as Amazon.com sell Safeguard soap. First launched as a bar soap in 1963, Safeguard is also available as a body wash, a liquid hand soap and a hand sanitizer as of 2015.Continue Reading
The Safeguard brand is Procter and Gamble's largest personal care brand and is sold all over the world. The active ingredient in Safeguard soap is triclocarban, an ingredient that eliminates up to 99 percent of bacteria on the surface of the skin. Regular use of Safeguard potentially reduces the risk of catching common illnesses by 50 percent, including coughs, colds, diarrhea and skin rashes.Learn more about Soap & Body Wash


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Auntie Anne's, the freshly made baked pretzels recently opened its 34th store at the Tower 2 of McKinley Science Hub. This much loved soft pretzel is already has been in the Philippines for two decades already and it is still continuing to grow.
The care and love that they put when they make pretzels is what endeared them to Filipino consumers. The quality of the products is also consistent in all stores that's why it lasted this long in the business.
With a new branch comes a new favorite offering in the pretzel line-up. Slathered with Nutella goodness, Auntie Anne's Pull-A-Parts is topped with Auntie Anne's signature almond crunch and baked in a unique zig zag shape that makes it easy to tear and be shared to family and friends.
"It is exciting to share Auntie Anne's to everyone and let them experience the perfect Auntie Anne's pretzel snack treat at McKinley's Science Hub," said Mikkel Paris, CEO of Auntie Anne's.
More photos are posted on Viva Manilena's FB Page.


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Enter a search term such as "mobile analytics" or browse our content using the filters above.
That's not only a poor Scrabble score but we also couldn't find any results matching
Check your spelling or try broadening your search.
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Please try again later.
Further to Econsultancy's interview with myself and the rest of the 3 Door Digital directors earlier this week, I thought I'd share a good example of exposure that can be applied directly into SERPs.
Last week I was performing some keyword research when I came across something interesting. I have found only one example of this SERP and I'd be interested to see if anyone can replicate it with other terms.
What I found
I was performing some dental related keyword research when I noticed this rel="author" tag embedded within a local result:
I can see this within both .com and .co.uk results with 'pws=0' inserted. I've of course seen the rel="author" tag appear within SERPs of regular organic results but not within a local entry of a SERP specifically.
What we can see
I tested the homepage for the rel="author" tag and see that it has been implemented correctly. As well as this, the local entry when hovered shows places information such as a score rating, reviews, map pointer and place page images. The Google Local page shows full information on its own Google Local page.
I then noticed something else – a difference between the .com and .co.uk SERP. Notice here that there is a link directing you to more by [name]:
Clicking this result takes me to an author related SERP – complete with knowledge graph:
You can see this SERP here but only seems to appear within google.com at the moment. I tried the exact same query within google.co.uk and was met with a message saying:
But wait, there's more…
Looking at the difference between the two SERPs above, I also noticed this line at the top of .com's SERP:
Learn more about how authors appear in search - Google Authorship
The link takes me to a dedicated Google Authorship Verification page within Google+:
This page I have seen before but is good to see that there are easy steps for non-techies to adopt in order to achieve successful rel="author" implementation.
This is a very simple process but not sure if it can help any further than the usual rel="author" implementation we have all been doing previously.
What we can assume
From all of this it seems that Google is ramping up author integration into local organic SERPs. This tells us that Google+ profiles are becoming more relevant for exposure and, whether you like it or not, it will become more important to have a presence within Google+ in order to help expose your organic exposure.
Comments (10)
I'm sure Google will try to force the use of rel=author in any type of content that has an author. I wouldn't be surprised if with time we'll be able to markup the comments and social interactions we have all over the web with our author "stamp". If I was Google, I'd love to know the author of each piece of content since it would be a massive improvement in terms of serving the best possible results for the user's queries in the SERP.
So does this mean rel=publisher will be obselete?
Interesting observation.
I've spotted this. Here's an interesting example from the other day:
Interestingly, I had a poke through the code & could not see any instances of 'rel="author"' or any ref to his Google+ profile.
@Pritish - I'm not so sure as this will be just as useful to Google+ pages to connect within the SERPs (I've seen how following G+ pages can markup certain SERPs without any other coding
@Dan that's brilliant! Rel author doesn't always have to be in the code. I've seen youtube videos embedded directly into SERPs with no markup whatsoever that changes merely is you have a G+ page in your circles.
thanks, Alex: In that particular example - how's it associating the page with him? Simply his name on the page & confirmation of his relationship with the overall site via G+?
Nice find! I help run local seo for a group of doc's and it will be nice to have some evidence that they each need to claim their Google+ profile.
Nice feature, but my quick test doesn't show me the same result. If I click on the name, google gives me google+ page.
Hi folks,
Just to chime in here, I've been banging on about this for a while about how Google is going to start attributing content to a G+ profile, hurrah it is finally happening!
While it can be done via the rel="author" it's also important to consider the general increasing emphasis on the use of microdata/RDFa to identify not only people but other important identifiers.
As an example, Joomla Specialist is something I've been working on organic ranking for over the past six months or so on and off, and I started on around page 10. We also added microdata to our blogs recently, and I noticed my Ecademy profile appearing on the first page.
I did a bit more work linking up some other blogs I post on and ensuring the microdata was included and a link to my G+, Twitter, LinkedIn profile etc, and they all started appearing (search for joomla specialist Ruth Cheesley as an example).
I also recently started to see the 'More by Ruth Cheesley' - but that doesn't necessarily appear all the time, I thought perhaps it only appears if you're specifically searching for a person, but then when I searched for the title of one of my sites 'joomla specialist open source evangelist' it appeared against that link in the listings too, so not entirely sure on that yet.
In my humble opinion, microdata/RDFa is going to become far more important in the coming years, here are some useful links:
Google webmasters help: http://support.google.com/webmasters/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=176035
W3C working draft
Tool for checking 'Rich Snippets'
http://www.google.com/webmasters/tools/richsnippets and result for my Ecademy profile: http://www.google.com/webmasters/tools/richsnippets?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecademy.com%2Fuser%2Fruthcheesleyjoomlaspecialist
Hope this is helpful, I feel a blog post coming on!
It's awesome to visit this website and reading the views of all friends concerning this piece of writing, while I am also keen of getting know-how.
Informative Blog on rel author tag...
Thanks for Sharing !!


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The Henning Estates Homeowners Association
Upon completion, our intimate community will have 103 ranch homes, each on a spacious 1/3 acre homesite. At Henning Estates you can enjoy the ability to use your land as you see fit. Simply follow basic guidelines set forth to ensure an esthetically beautiful community for all.
Responsibilities Of The Henning Estates Homeowners Association.
The current yearly assessment for the Henning Estates HOA is $600 / year. Responsibilities of the Henning Estates homeowners association include:
Care of retention ponds, improvements & landscaping
Maintenance of landscape in open natural easement areas
Replacement of trees & shrubbery in common areas
Maintenance of entryway monument
Annual spraying for mosquito & fly abatement
Maintenance of storm water piping
Maintenance of appurtenant structures
Maintenance & repair of waste water treatment center
Do you have more questions? Please review some of the more frequently asked questions below.
Have You Lived in a Community With a Homeowners Association?
If you ask around to find out people's feelings about HOA communities you'll likely be met with a smile and a scowl, as some people love it, while others do not. The Henning Estates community HOA is designed to enhance the value and aesthetics of the community while not being too restrictive with unnecessary rules and regulations.


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ChineseInvestors.COM Announces a Profitable 2nd Quarter for Fiscal Year 2014
Jan 17, 2014, 08:30 EST
LOS ANGELES, Jan. 17, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- ChineseInvestors.COM (OTCQB 'CIIX') was pleased with its second quarter results in generating an operating profit of $276,039 on revenues of $819,977; exceeding the projected performance as noted in their November 22, 2013 press release. In the first six months of fiscal year 2014, ended November 30, 2014, revenues related to our business services unit saw significant growth from $63,221 in fiscal year 2013 to $991,494 in fiscal year 2014. Overall operating expenses decreased by 25% in the first six months of operations from $1,379,906 in fiscal year 2013 to $1,034,433 in fiscal year 2014. Net operating losses in the first six months of fiscal year 2013 were <$494,196> as compared with profits of $309,555 in the first six months of fiscal year 2014.
Mr. Warren Wang, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer commented, "We are very pleased with this quarter's earnings posting of $0.03 per share in comparison to losses of <$0.11> per share last year as it related to our operations over the first two quarters of fiscal year 2013 and fiscal year 2014. Based upon the current conditions of the general marketplace and interest expressed in our services, we expect to continue to post positive results this year."
Mr. Brett Roper, Chief Operating Officer commented, "Several of our clients experienced substantial growth in both their share price as well as volume this past quarter and one of our long term OTCQB clients was just accepted to the NASDAQ Global Market Exchange. Based upon the clients in place and the interim sales of our subscription services, we expect both our revenues as well as profitability to be very stable as we wrap up the third quarter of this fiscal year and hope that our stock will respond positively to these substantially improved financial performance metrics."
Please note that "CIIX' has a fiscal year starting on June 1 and ending on May 31.
ChineseInvestors.com, Inc. ('CIIX'), founded in 1999 endeavors to be an innovative company; providing (a) real-time market commentary, analysis, and educational related services in Chinese language character sets (traditional and simplified), (b) support services to our various partners, (c) consultative services to smaller private companies considering becoming a public company, (d) advertising and public relation related support services, and (e) other services we may identify having the potential to create value or partnership opportunity with our existing services.
For further information please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com or visit our website at www.chinesefn.com.
Safe Harbor Statement
This press release may contain forward looking statements which are based on current expectations, forecasts, and assumptions that involve risks as well as uncertainties that could cause actual outcomes and results to differ materially from those anticipated or expected, including statements related to the amount and timing of expected revenues as well as any payment of dividends on our common and preferred stock, statements related to our financial performance, expected income, distributions, and future growth for upcoming quarterly and annual periods. These risks and uncertainties are further defined in filings and reports by the Company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Actual results and the timing of certain events could differ materially from those projected in or contemplated by the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors detailed from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Among other matters, the Company may not be able to sustain growth or achieve profitability based upon many factors including but not limited to general stock market conditions. Reference is hereby made to cautionary statements set forth in the Company's most recent reports on Form 10-K and 10-Q, and other SEC filings. In addition, the information contained in this press release is subject to the risk factors identified in the Company's most recent Form 10-K. We have incurred and will continue to incur significant expenses in our expansion of our existing as well as new service lines noting there is no assurance that we will generate enough revenues to offset those costs. Additional service offerings may expose us to additional legal and regulatory costs and unknown exposure(s) based upon the various geopolitical locations we will be providing services in, the impact of which cannot be predicted at this time.
CONTACT: Brett Roper, email@example.com
SOURCE ChineseInvestors.COM


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Scott Reeves: Coming on Board General Hospital!Matt Richenthal at . Comments
No General Hospital spoilers prepared us for this:
Scott Reeves is joining the cast of the drama. The actor will debut in December as Steven Lars Webber, a character last portrayed by Shaun Benson in 2005.
According to TV Guide Magazine, Webber will be thrown into a storyline involving his half-sister, Liz, and the two men in her life: Lucky and Nikolas.
Reeves won't be a series regular, but the recurring role is ideal for the actor and country music artist, who spent a decade as Ryan McNeil on The Young and the Restless.
"I'm still writing music and still recording but I really got hungry for acting again," said Reeves. "I've always had a great respect for General Hospital so I kinda courted them. It was the one show I most wanted to be on.
Steve Burton and I are best friends – we're literally like brothers – and I just love the people over there. My agent put out feelers and [GH casting director] Mark Teschner called back. They had a role. The timing was perfect."
Matt Richenthal is the Editor in Chief of TV Fanatic. Follow him on Twitter and on Google+.


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You are cordially invited to Anne Shirley's slate breaking, cordial drinking, tea sandwich, hair dying, croup curing, island hopping, Gilbert-hating, imaginary Canadian
rager garden party!
And eventually, one brilliantly verbose review.
Would Anne Shirley have it any other way?
|If you forget your florals or your hat, we will break a slate over your head.
Thank you to Arianna, Sam, Aunt Brig, Camille, Bailey, and Christine for joining me this month (and for the pound cake, deviled eggs, flowers, cookies, and cleaning services rendered!)


text: Appraisers Find A Candidate Click here to Find an Appraiser City/Town Province Province Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland & Labrador Northwest Territories Nova Scotia Nunavut Ontario Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan Yukon International Candidate's last name Organization Submit Candidate Members of the Appraisal Institute of Canada (AIC) are individuals who are pursing the AIC Program of Professional Studies to obtain the AACI (Accredited Appraiser Institute of Canada) or CRA (Canadian Residential Appraisal) professional designation. AIC Candidate Members work actively in the profession as "appraisers-in-training", within the limits defined by AIC's standards of professional practice, policies and regulations. In the preparation of an assignment, AIC Candidate Members can provide professional assistance to a designated AIC appraiser such as complete the inspection of the property, research and analyze data and apply the valuation methodologies to determine a final estimate of value.AIC Candidate Members who co-sign reports with AIC Designated Members are jointly responsible for the report and the work must comply to AIC's Canadian Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (CUSPAP). AIC Candidate Members must have professional liability insurance under AIC's Insurance Program and, be registered in the Candidate Co-Signing Registry as soon as they enter into a co-signing relationship to be eligible for coverage in the event of a claim.


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Ever wonder if your spouse really knows you?! Like even the simplest questions? Well now is the time to find out!
JanLoves, The Marvelous Flight of Cara, Delightfully Dunn, From Awkward to Art, Planned in Pencil, Jessica Who?, Northern Belle Diaries, You and Me are We, The Family Darr, Songbirds and Buttons, The Grace of Southern Charm, Just Simply Live, Pretty Living PDX, The Lemonade Diaries, Life as I know it
Here are the instructions:
- Fill out the questions below with your answers
- Hand over the same set of questions to your spouse and see if they can answer the questions about you.
- Write your post and compare both of your answers
- Link up here on February 14th
HA, I am so excited to read all the fun answers, should be interesting to say the least.Here are the questions: Feel free to add or take away any questions you want.
How long have you been married?
Where was your first date?
Where was your first kiss?
Who first said, "I love you"?
What were your wedding colors?
What is her most commonly used phrase?
Who is her celebrity crush?
If she was ordering drinks for both of you what would you each get?
What is the best meal she has ever cooked you?
What is the worst meal she has ever cooked you?
What is the most-played song on her iPod?
What would she say is your most annoying habit?
What is the last thing she does before she goes to bed?
If you could throw out one item of her clothing what would it be?
What would you say is your favorite thing about her?
What's her go-to drink at Starbucks?
What's her blog's name?!
Doesn't this sound fun?! Get to asking these questions and link up on Valentines day oh and come back here to win an iPad mini, what a great month!


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Application Steps
STEP ONE: get to know lwow
Before applying to LWOW, read all the information available about it on our website. Decide which of our programs interest you.
STEP TWO: check your school's status
Check to see if your school is a participating school in LWOW Original and/or LWOW X.
If not, we still welcome your application for LWOW X, our all-virtual program. Applicants from non-participating schools may apply to LWOW X only and will be charged a USD $50 Application Fee which will be put towards the participation fee if the student is accepted into the program. Successful applicants to LWOW X from non-participating schools are responsible for a USD $500 Participation Fee. A limited number of hardship accommodations are available—contact us for more information.
Students from schools participating in LWOW Original only may apply to LWOW X with payment of the USD $50 application fee. If a student from a school participating only in LWOW Original applies to LWOW X, pays the fee, and is then selected for LWOW Original, LWOW will refund the student's application fee. (Note that students from Peking University School of Transnational Law should contact Ray Campbell for special instructions regarding the application fee.)
STEP THREE: create your personal pitch
Create a Personal Pitch. The Personal Pitch is a one- to two-minute video (created via phone, tablet, computer, camera, or animated tools like Powtoon) telling us why you're an ideal candidate for LWOW—in short, what can you do for LWOW, and what can LWOW do for you? Each Personal Pitch should include examples of problem solving, leadership, and creativity. Applications to LWOW are competitive, so what makes you stand out?
Note: The Personal Pitch may be a mix of video clips, still photos, and animated media; however, it must be one cohesive video file. Click here for a YouTube playlist of past Personal Pitches.
a. Complete the online application. It asks for information typically available on a CV, a link to your Personal Pitch, contact information, and a short response (500 words or less) to a substantive question of your choice.
b. Ask an academic or professional supervisor to complete the applicant recommendation on your behalf. The person completing this form should have experience working with you.
Your application to LWOW will not be considered unless both the applicant recommendation and the online application are received and complete.
Applicants from non-participating schools are required to complete the online application and submit their Application Fee here. Applicants from non-participating schools who have submitted an application without an Application Fee will not be considered.
Successful applicants will be interviewed virtually by the LWOW Team prior to their formal acceptance. All decisions will be made before 1 December 2018.


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Yesterday, you asked me who would win a fight between Batman and Superman. Thanks to that cantankerous coot Frank Miller, I was ready not only with an answer, but the story to back it up. A few days before that, you were surprised to learn that Batman does not have super powers. So I think you were pretty impressed to learn that he was able to hold his own against Superman for several minutes.
Interestingly (or not, frankly), this is not the first time Miller's TDKR has appeared on this site.


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When you're in-between stuffing yourself with real bacon, now you can satisfy those insatiable cravings for the candy of meats with these cool new and slightly disturbing alternative, Bacon Candy. Yes, the bacon obsession has gotten completely out of hand and is now available in old-fashioned red and white striped hard candy form. These holiday candy decoys may look like refreshing peppermint, but they're actually just sweet and smoky swine.
All / Food and Drink / Snacks
Bacon Candy
All / Food and Drink / Snacks


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Faculty Mentors: Dr. Matthew Wright, Dr. J. Carter Tiernan
Graduate Assistant: Kush Kothari
Hazard Type:
Cyber Security
2010 Teacher Participants
John Davis
Eric Manuel
2009 Teacher Participants
Vicki Buffalo
Eric Manuel
Rick Needham
Silas Robinson
2008 Teacher Participants
William Flynn
William Huckeba
In today's computer networks, security tools like firewalls remain largely ineffective in stopping hackers from gaining access and exploiting that access to steal sensitive information and disrupt critical operations. Hackers typically break into another network and use that as a stepping-stone to attack the target network. For example, a hacker might break into a more vulnerable school district's computers and use them to launch attacks against a military network. In this project, we propose to enhance stepping-stone detection (SSD) systems that focus on finding and stopping this kind of attack.
Basic SSD methods can be broken by sophisticated hackers. To avoid prior detection methods, these hackers carefully shape their traffic to look like streaming audio, such as Internet phone traffic. We propose two main directions for this work:
Classroom modules will include ROC curves in medicine and finding hackers. This may be incorporated into mathematics curricula.


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Much had changed in the War between 1914 and 1918. The Russian Revolution had transformed the country from a Tsarist monarchy into the first Communist state. Lenin and Trotsky, the new Communist leaders, made a separate peace with the Central Powers. The United States had entered the War with fresh troops and supplies. By the autumn of 1918, Allied victories increased and Germany began peace talks with America.
President Wilson had developed a plan for peace based on 'Fourteen Points' that both sides would have to agree. Germany was to give up land taken from France and Russia, its colonies and to reduce the size of its military.
Wilson negotiated peace terms with the German government for three weeks before they accepted his 'Fourteen Points'. This concerned Britain, France and Italy who did not want to be left out of the discussions. Though Wilson was often seen as a sympathetic idealist, he firmly told the other Allies that America would make a separate peace with Germany if they did not support his plan.
However, Wilson also wanted the League of Nations to be formed off the back of the peace treaty. The League would be a group of countries, which would promise to help settle disputes between nations using international mediation. This was meant to prevent a war on this scale from happening again. Knowing that without the leading European powers in the League it would not be as effective, he was willing to allow France and Britain some of their own conditions.
The 'Fourteen Points' were finally accepted by Germany on 23rd October, and the War looked to be ending. Over the next fortnight, while men continued fighting and dying, the Allied forces began to think about the future should Germany agree to an armistice.
French leaders Clemenceau and Foch began planning how to gain back Alsace-Lorraine and reparations from Germany. Lloyd George wanted the German navy wiped out. He wanted to please both the British politicians and people who expected Germany to be punished.
By 9th November, the Kaiser and the German government recognised that they could no longer negotiate a better armistice with Wilson. The parliament agreed to resign. The Kaiser would abdicate and flee to Holland, and a new democratic government would step into negotiate the peace treaty.
On 11th November, 1918 at 11:00 an eerie silence fell across the battlefields as after four years the artillery stopped firing.
For a closer look at the 'Fourteen Points', check out the Interpretation: Treaty of Versailles article.
Why do you think there was such disagreement between the Allies when devising the terms of the Armistice?
A - Each country had entered the War to achieve individual goals and no shared war aims had been set.
B - Wilson wanted a much more lenient treaty than Britain or France to prevent Germany from seeking revenge.
C - Germany wanted the Allies to argue to buy more time in case fighting broke out again.


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Threes! made quite a splash when it launched on iOS earlier this year, with our pals at Today's iPhone calling it a "cute, casual and challenging puzzler." The iOS-exclusive app ended up spawning quite a few copycats on Android in the weeks following its launch, but starting today, Android users no longer have to settle for a knockoff.
Threes! officially hit the virtual shelves of the Google Play Store today at a price of $1.99, which is represents a 33.3333333333 percent limited time discount off of its normal price. The game tasks players with swiping numbered tiles around the screen to combine 1s and 2s to make 3s, then pairing matching numbers to create even higher numbers. For example, combining a pair of 3s will create a 6 and combining two 12 tiles will create a 24. Swiping moves all of the tiles in that direction and inserts new tiles into the playing field, and the game ends when the board fills with tiles.
The differences in app selection and quality that used to exist between Android and iOS has largely disappeared, but occasionally we still see a quality game or app made exclusive to a single platform. While the decision to offer an app on a single platform can be understandable, it's also a bit of a bummer because it prevents users of the other platforms from getting to experience that quality app. That's why it's good to see Threes! make its way to Android just around a month after the iOS version hit. Now Android users can see what all the fuss has been about rather than having to accept a knockoff.
If you're interested in checking out Threes! for yourself, you can download it from Google Play right here. A trailer that shows the game in action is available below.
Via Google Play: Threes!


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Debug monitor and connection tab
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Points: 1
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Posted: 12 May 2008 at 10:00am
At present time im using a eval version of the software.
1. There is no acitivy in the connection tab. Is there a reason for this ?
2. When i try to activate the debug monitor, it seems not to be working. No input in the box, or any activity else. I have tried with IP adress, with wildchards and blank, only with the debug montor option selected.
I need some input on how to monitor connection from remote smtp servers, if a problem is to be solved.
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NP-Completeness. Problems Proofs Approximations. Decision Problems. Given Some Universal Set X, Let R be a subset of X. The decision problem for R is: Given an arbitrary element a of X, does a belong to R? Note: X is usually assumed to be a set of
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Given Some Universal Set X,
Let R be a subset of X.
The decision problem for R is:
Given an arbitrary element a of X, does
a belong to R?
Note: X is usually assumed to be a set of
strings, but this can be interpreted loosely.
Let R be a set of strings. If there exists
a Polynomial time algorithm: O(n), O(n2), ...
that solves the decision problem for R,
Then R is in the class P.
Note the use of the Big O notation.
Sorting, O(n lg n), is in P.
Binary Search, O(lg n), is in P.
This is a deterministic
Finite State Machine.
Every state has
exactly two output
arcs, one labeled A
and one labeled B.
This machine can be implemented easily, but may be difficult to design.
This machine is nondeterministic
There may be two output arcs with the same label.
There may be no output arc for some inputs.
This machine may be easy
to draw, but it cannot be
Anything that can be written in a conventional programming language can be implemented as a Turing Machine
Simple:No Extra Storage
An auxiliary
Turing Machine: An auxiliary Read/Write Tape
Given a string S and a Non-Deterministic Turing machine M, create a CNF expression E(S,M) which is satisfiable if and only if M accepts S in polynomial time.
Demonstrate an algorithm for generating E(S,M) for any pair S,M.
Prove that the algorithm for generating E(S,M) runs in polynomial time.
k = the number of distinct variables in e;
Allocate a boolean array v of size k;
for i=1 to k do
v[i] := select({TRUE,FALSE});
evaluate e on v and assign the result to R;
if (R=TRUE) then
end SAT
Given a CNF boolean expression C=c[1]&c[2]& ... &c[m] such that every clause c[i] has exactly 3 literals, is C satisfiable?
Given W, X, and Y, three sets, each with Q elements, and a set M Í W ´ X ´ Y, is there a subset M1 Í M such that |M1|=Q and no two elements of M1 agree in any coordinate?
Given a graph G=(V,E) and a positive integer K£|V|, is there a set V' Í V such that |V'|<K and for each {u,v} Î E, at least one of u or v is in V'?
Given a graph G=(V,E) and a positive integer J£|V|, does G have a subgraph which is a complete graph with J vertices?
Given a graph G=(V,E) is there a simple cycle in G that contains all vertices of G.
Given a set of positive integers A, is there a subset A' Î A such that the sum of the elements of A' is exactly half the sum of the elements of A?
Give a finite set X with |X|=3q for some integer q, and a collection C of 3-element sets of X, is there a set C'ÍC such that every element of X occurs in exactly one element of C'
Given a collection C of subsets of a set S, and a positive integer K, is there a set C'ÍC such that |C'|£K and every element of S is contained in at least one element of C'.
Given a collection C of subsets of a set S and a positive integer K, is there a set S'ÍS such that |S'|£K and S' contains at least one element from every set in C?
Given two graphs G=(V,E) and H=(V',H'), does G contain an exact copy of H as a subgraph?
Given a graph G=(V,E) and an integer J£|V|-1, is there a spanning tree T=(V,E') of G such that no vertex has degree more than K in T?
Given a directed graph G=(V,A), and a positive integer K£|A|, is there a directed graph G'=(V,A') such that A'ÍA, |A'|£K,,, and ther is a path from u to v in G' if and only if there is a path from u to v in G?
Given a finite set U such that every element uÎU has a size s(u) and a value v(u), both of which are positive integers, and given two positive integers B and K, is there a subset U' of U such that the total size of the elements of U' is less than or equal to B and the total value fo the elements of U' is greater than or equal to K?
Given a set A of tasks, such that each aÎA has a length l(a) which is a positive integer, and given a number of processors m, and a deadline D, both of which are positive integers, is there a pertition of A into disjoint subsets A=A1ÈA2È... ÈAm such that for eany subset Ai, the total length of all tasks in Ai is less than or equal to D?
if c[j] = A Þ (A Ú S[j,1] Ú S[j,2]) Ù (A Ú S[j,1] Ú S[j,2]) Ù
(A Ú S[j,1] Ú S[j,2]) Ù (A Ú S[j,1] Ú S[j,2])
if c[j] = (A Ú B) Þ (A Ú B Ú S[j,1]) Ù (A Ú B Ú S[j,1])
if c[j] = (A Ú B Ú C) Þ (A Ú B Ú C)
Example Only
4 or more is
if c[j] = (A Ú B Ú C Ú D Ú E Ú F) Þ
(A Ú B Ú S[j,1]) Ù
(S[j,1] Ú C Ú S[j,2]) Ù
(S[j,2] Ú D Ú S[j,3]) Ù
(S[j,3] Ú D Ú F)
One pair
per clause
One structure
per Variable
There much be one blade for each point in each star.
2n´m blades
in each stack.
There must be one stack for each unused star point
m´(n-1) stacks.
Complete Graph on N Vertices
Complement of G
Delete All Edges from G
N Variables
M Clauses
Transformation from Vertex Cover
Map each edge to a "RR-Tracks" Structure, and identify the sides with the vertices touched by the edge
+ K an Integer
The Vertex Cover contains
V but not U.
The Vertex Cover contains
U but not V.
The Vertex Cover contains
both U and V.
Join all the U-Sides together into a loop,
(and all the W-Sides ...)
Let the ends dangle for the moment.
Replicate each dangling edge
K times
Attach one dangling edge to
each of the new vertices.
Create K new vertices
We must construct a set of numbers from these four sets
Note: C has the value of at most k in each segment.
From 3-SAT
Given an expression in 3-SAT form, first create one of the following components for each clause:
These are the Clause Components
Clause literals label thethree external vertices
Given a graph G=(V,E), and a positive integer K£|V|, does G contain a simple path with K or more edges?
Given a collection C of finite sets, and a positive integer K£|C|, Does C contain K disjoint sets?
Given a graph G=(V,E) and a positive integer K£|V|, can the vertices of G be partitioned into k£K disjoint sets V1, ..., Vk such that 1£i£k, the subgraph induced by Vi contains a Hamiltonian circuit?
Given two graphs G1=(V1,E1), and G2=(V2,E2), and a positive integer K, do there exist subsets E1'ÍE1 and E2'ÍE2 such that |E1'|=|E2'| ³ K and such that the two subgraphs G1'=(V1,E1') and G2'=(V2,E2') are isomorphic?
Given a finite set A, and an integer size s(a) for all aÎA and positive integers K and J, can the elements of A be partitioned into K disjoint sets A1 throuth AK, such that
Given a directed graph G=(V,E), and a positive integer K£|V| is there a subset V'ÍV such that |V'|£K and V' contains a vertex from every directed cycle in G?
Given a finite set X, with |X|=4q, q an integer, and a collection C of 4-element subsets of X, is there a subcollection C'ÍC such that every element of X occurs in exactly one element of C'?
Given a graph G=(V,E), and a positive integer K£|V|, is there a subset V'ÍV, such that |V'|£K, and every vertex vÎV-V' is joined to one element of V' by an edge in E?
Given a graph G=(V,E) and a subset RÍV, and a positive integer K£|V|-1 is there a subtree of G that contains all vertices of R, and no more than K edges?
Given two star-free regular expressions E1 and E2, do E1 and E2 represent different sets of strings?
Given a collection C of subsets of a finite set S, is there a partition of S into two subsets S1 and S2 such that no element of C is completely contained in either S1 or S2?
Given a graph G=(V,E) with |V|=3q, for some positive integer q, is there a partition of V into q disjoint subsets V1, V2, ... Vq, of three elements each, such that for each Vi={u,v,w} at least two of the edges {u,v}, {v,w}, and {u,w} are contained in E?
Given a directed graph G=(V,E), is there a way to label the vertices with positive integers (duplicates are allowed), such that for each vÎV, the label on v is the least non-negative integer which is not in the set of labels assigned to the successors of v?
Replace Least Upper Bound with Maximum
For finite sets.
Optimal Solution
Niff Solution
Every vertex on the top connected to every vertex on the bottom except the one directly below it.
K vertices on the top, K on the bottom
Processing order of a1,b1,a2,b2,…,ak,bk uses k colors.


text:
Jerry Seinfeld stars in a hilarious new Super Bowl commercial for Acura.
In the newly released extended spot, Seinfeld lusts after the 2012 Acura NSX very badly, but is told he is the second person on the waiting list. So he launches an extremely intensive campaign to bribe the man who is the first one on the list to give him his spot. Seinfeld's tactics include: cash, use of the Soup Nazi ("I own all the characters"), small talk with the omelet guy, stand-up at the man's house, re-enacting reality TV using sock-puppets, showing the man an alien, and much much more.
Of course, it wouldn't be a Super Bowl ad without a big celebrity twist at the end.
All the Super Bowl commercials from 2011:
Super Bowl Commercials 2011


text:
Rihanna loses tour support act...
Wednesday, 23 March 2016 22:56:00
Labels: News , Rihanna
Labels: News , Rihanna
The Weeknd has pulled out from the European leg of Rihanna's 'ANTi' world tour.
Stupid, stupid man. Alongside Big Sean, the European leg of Rihanna's tour is set to launch June 17th in Amsterdam.


text:
Friday, June 12 | 8.30 a.m. – 1 p.m. | Doubletree Inn | South Burlington VT | $75.00
Funders large and small want to know that their dollars will make an impact. Learn how to inspire their confidence and willingness to invest in your work at this half day workshop, presented by Common Good Vermont with Bret Hodgdon, Senior Partner at Davis & Hodgon Associates. He will be joined by Jonathan Breen, CPA and Michael Thompson, Certified Advisor in Philanthropy. As a special bonus, we'll be joined by Gaye Symington of High Meadows Foundation to talk about what funders are really looking for in your grant proposals and reports.
Inspire confidence with your financial proposals and reporting! During this workshop you'll learn how to address the questions your funders–foundations and donors–are asking:
- How to appeal to donor's philanthropic strategy.
- Demonstrate your fiscal health and reliable internal controls
- Show how your funding dollars are spent
- Show that your Board is active and paying attention
- Present your organizational, program and grant financials in clear and easy to read formats
For staff and board members. Presenters include community based funders and financial experts.
Presented with the support of High Meadows Fund, A.D. Henderson Foundation, People's United Bank, VELCO, Davis & Hodgdon Associates,and the Vermont Community Foundation.
Tags: feature, financial sustainability, npvt, operations


text:
Rosemary limeadeJen Castle | Delicious Living
- Serves: 13 people
"People go crazy for this stuff. It's spark-y, quite delicious, and a natural mixer for margaritas! On slow nights we keep our dishwashers busy squeezing limes and freezing the juice for later. We use an old manual squeezer from Mexico and juice an entire case at a time."
- Combine 3 cups water and sugar in saucepan. Bring to boil, stirring as sugar dissolves. Boil gently, undisturbed and uncovered, for 10 minutes. Remove from heat, add rosemary, cover, and let mixture steep, covered, for 1 hour. You'll need the hour to squeeze limes!
- Add lime juice and remaining 10 cups water. Stir it up and ice it down. Looks lovely garnished with lime rounds and small sprigs of rosemary.
PER SERVING (1 cup): 160 cal, 0g fat (0g mono, 0g poly, 0g sat), 0mg chol, 0g protein, 43g carb, 0g fiber, 1mg sodium


text: Helen X. Retzke, age 88, of Glen Ellyn, formerly of Northbrook, loving wife of the late Arthur; dear stepmother of Carol (John) Stone and Jean (Everett) Miller; cherished grandmother of Debra Turner, Steven York, Lisa Paradis, Craig and Mark Miller; fond sister of Lucy Reum and Vera Valentine. No visitation. Private funeral services. Memorials to Misericordia Home, 6300 N. Ridge Road, Chicago, IL 60660. Arrangements by Leonard Memorial Home, Ltd., Glen Ellyn. 630-469-0032 .


text:
Know more about this business than we do? Cool! Please submit any corrections or missing details you may have.Help us make it right
Be the first MLive.com user to add photos or videos of Nature's Best
Nature's Best was founded in 1994. Nature's Best specializes in Landscape Contractors.
Nature's Best is located at 8660 Villa Ln, Warren, MI. This location is in the Northeast Warren neighborhood. This business specializes in Landscaping.