text:
CSPA Press Release - Myths, Lies and Damn Lies
Despite drought, Valley agriculture doing far better than rest of
Stockton, CA - Sunday, June 28, 2009 -- Interior Secretary Ken Salazar
is in Fresno today to attend a meeting and listen to the
economic woes of the south Valley. Newspapers and airways are awash
with accusations that a three-inch fish has caused a man-made
drought in California and that environmentalists and fishermen seek
to "starve people in order to save whales." Congressmen, farmers
and water agencies claim that 450,000 or more acres of land have
been fallowed and 35-50,000 people have been put out of work: all
because of Delta smelt and the Endangered Species Act. But, facts
are stubborn things. And the facts tell us that these accusations
are lies - bald-face lies.
"We hope Secretary Salazar will seek out the facts and see through
the transparent efforts by Governor Schwarzenegger, Valley elected
officials and the hydrologic brotherhood to use the red-herring of
economic recession as justification for depriving the Delta of
essential water," said CSPA Executive Director Bill Jennings.
"Their efforts can only be successful if the Secretary, reporters
and the general public ignore the facts," he said, adding, "The
truth is more water won't wash away the Valley's recession and
endangered species are the victims, not the problem."
According to official data collected by the California Economic
Development Department, during three years of drought, between May
of 2006 and May of 2009, farm employment went up 13.7% in Kern
County, 12.1% in Fresno County, 19.3% in Tulare County, 2% in
Merced County, 5.3% in Madera and 8.4% in Stanislaus County.(1)
Only in the smallest agricultural county of Kings, did we find a
decline. While we're told that 262,000 acres have been fallowedin
Fresno County, the County's Department of Agriculture was releasing
a report that revealed 2008 was another record year with
agricultural production dollars up 5.9% over the previous record
year of 2007.(2)
San Joaquin Valley farm unemployment has always been high and,
while the present economic disaster has exacerbated conditions,
farm unemployment has not fluctuated according to wet and dry
years.(3) Indeed, agriculture has fared far better in the current
recession than other segments of the economy. While May 08 to May
09 construction, manufacturing, trade & transportation and
financial employment in Fresno County dropped by 3,000, 2,300,
1,200 and 900, respectively: agricultural employment actually
increased by 100.(4) Tulare County reports that while, agricultural
employment increased by 2,100 between May 08 and May 09,
construction, manufacturing, trade & transportation, hospitality
and financial employment was down 800,1,100, 1,300, 400 and 500,
respectively.(5) Even in counties reporting slight declines in
agricultural employment: other employment sectors experienced far
greater drops. In the last year of a three-year drought (May
08-May09), statewide farm employment dropped by only 9,600 while
nonfarm employment plunged 744,400.(6) Indeed, employment figures
for counties for north-of-Delta counties that are receiving full
water allotments are showing similar employment impacts.
Who is not telling the truth: our elected representatives or the
California Employment Development Department? And, who is
distorting the truth about actual water shortages?
As Department of Water Resources Director Lester Snow pointed out
in a 15 May 2009 letter to Senator Dianne Feinstein, Westlands
Water District is expected to receive 86% of its normal water
supplies in this third year of drought; Kern Count Water Agency is
expecting 85% and the San Joaquin River Exchange Contractors will
receive 100% of its non-drought supplies.(7) The chart attached to
Snow's letter claims that Westlands' 14% shortfall will force it to
fallow 225,000 acres rather than its normal fallowing of 78,000
acres and Kern County Water Agency's 15% shortfall will compel it
to fallow 220,000 acres rather than the normal 100,000 acres.(8)
The numbers simply don't add up.
Mr. Snow was candid when he wrote Senator Feinstein that, "I
believe many have lost sight of the plain fact that we are in a
hydrologic drought, and as such water supplies are simply limited
for all users"(9) and when he testified to Congress that, if there
was no court order protecting fish, there would only be a 5%
increase in water to the Central Valley.
Unfortunately, Mr. Snow and those who scapegoat fisheries seem
unable to admit that water supplies in a drought are also limited
for fish and wildlife and that recent biological opinions provide
less water for the environment during shortages. Nor can they
acknowledge that California has issued water rights for 8 _ times
the average amount of water in the Bay-Delta watershed or that
Valley farmers have recently planted hundreds of thousands of acres
of perennial crops based upon the most junior water rights that
assume interrupted supplies during the inevitable droughts that
occur more than a third of the time in the state.
Those who accuse fishermen and environmentalists of trying to
"starve families to protect whales" appear incapable of exhibiting
compassion for the depressed communities along the coast and
wrecked livelihoods of commercial fishermen whose boats are either
dry-docked or repossessed by the bank or lamenting the 23,000
people out of work or the $1.4 billion lost to the state's economy
because of fishing closures. And what of those on the Westside of
the Valley who irrigate selenium laced soils that discharge toxic
wastes back to the river and Delta? Do they believe they have a
prerogative to water that leaves the Delta with salinity levels
that threaten the existence of generations of Delta farmers who
cultivate over 400,000 acres of some of the finest prime soils on
There is enough water in California to provide for people and
rivers, if it's used wisely. Reclamation, recycling, groundwater
banking, conservation and desalination offer a virtual river far
larger than any additional supplies secured via new surface storage
or a peripheral canal. Fish are not the problem. "A dysfunctional
water delivery system, greed and failure to comply with existing
laws have brought us to the edge of disaster," observed Jennings.
"Common sense, sound science and a proper respect for law can lead
us back from the abyss," he said.
Tuesday, June 30, 2009
California Water Crisis: don´t blame the fish
Posted by Osprey at 10:23 AM No comments:
Labels: california, cenral valley, drought, sacramento
Sunday, June 28, 2009
Thompson sees Record Low Steelhead Return
British Columbia's Thompson River, among the most storied steelhead rivers in the world for its huge, hard fighting fall steelhead once supported thousands of spawning steelhead annually. As recently as the 70s numbers were over 10 thousand. These days, the storied population has been reduced to a pittance of its former glory...BC biologists estimate that only 850 steelhead returned to spawn this last spring. For one of the largest river systems in BC it is a pittifully low number. Among the causes of the decline are overharest through bycatch in a Chum salmon fishery, ecological decline in the Puget Sound and Georgia Basin and huge fish farming operations in the narrow Georgia Strait. Sadly the run for next year is forecasted to be even lower, at 500 fish. See the full story on the Thompsons tragic demis at the Vancouver Sun.
Posted by Osprey at 5:10 PM No comments:
Labels: BC, georgia basin, overharvest, Steelhead, Thompson
Saturday, June 27, 2009
Fish Farms will go Ahead in Sunderland Channel
Despite strong opposition to the two new fish farming facilities, the Strathcona Regional District has allowed Greig Seafood to develop the sites both of which will accomodate 70,000 Atlantic Salmon. The last two decades have seen massive development of commercial fish farming in the Georgia Basin, along with the farms came infestations of sea lice as well as other pathogens and a concurrent decline in wild salmonid populations in the region. While the impact of salmon farming is widely acknowledged among scientists and the public, farming operations continue to expand to provide cheap salmon to consumers worldwide.
The decision to allow the farms to go ahead comes as a huge blow to wild fish advocate groups who cite the regions geography and location as a prime reason not to locate two new farms in the area. Johnstone Strait is the confined outlet to the Georgia Basin making it a migratory bottle neck for many wild smolts leaving the area. Given the susceptability of outmigrant smolts to sea lice it is imperative to keep infestations low, particularly in areas where smolts outmigrate in high densities. The decision to allow to farms to go ahead does not come without stipulations. In what was termed a compromise by the SRD directors, Greig will have to establish zero lice levels prior to the smolt migration, complete harvest prior to the migration and refrain from using underwater lights during the migration. They also have to use fully enclosed pen technology as soon as it becomes commercially available and ''financially viable''. Unfortunately these compromises are inadequate and fail to address the real problem, additionally they give Greig the ability to decide for itself when enclosed pens are commercially viable. See more coverage in the Campbell River Courier Islander here...
Also read a press release from the coastal alliance on aquacultural reform
Posted by Osprey at 4:00 PM 1 comment:
Labels: georgia basin, johnstone strait, salmon farms, sea lice
BC launches first Salmon Stronghold program
In a press conference hosted by the Pacific Fisheries Resource Conservation Council, and in collaboration with the Chehalis first nations group it was announced that the Harrison River will be BCs first pilot project as a wild fish stronghold. By managing for salmon strongholds, agencies, tribes and nonprofits seek to concentrate and coordinate recovery efforts and minimize human impacts on a strong remaining wild population. These types of efforts have long been supported by wild fish groups as the only real way to address declining runs of salmon. While the Fraser system still has many challenges to overcome, protecting one of its finest tributaries in the Harrison is a big step. See more coverage at the Wild Salmon Centers website.
Posted by Osprey at 3:53 PM No comments:
Labels: british columbia, fraser river, harrison river, refugia, wild salmon
Wednesday, June 24, 2009
Ecology completes Yakima Review, New Dams off the Table
In the arid Yakima Valley is perennially thirsty for irrigation water. The Dams in the Upper Yakima, and Naches systems, designed to provide irrigation flows during summer drought season have already severely impacted the natural hydrograph of the rivers.With increased demand for cheap water rights and fears about climate change, some agricultural interets have been calling for even more water storage in the region...more dams. In a report issued by the Washington Department of Ecology on Tuesday a number of options are explored to provide water for various interests in the Valley. Not among the options however are more dams which were deemed to be against federal guidelines. See a summary at the ecology website
and the Environmental Impact Statement at the Washington Depertmant of Ecology
Posted by Osprey at 9:30 AM No comments:
Labels: dams, irrigation, salmon, yakima
Salmon Fishing Should be Good off Washington This Summer
Buoyed by strong ocean conditions the last two summers, state fisheries managers are predicting excellent salmon fishing in the coastal waters of Washington this summer. While it is still early, runs of both Coho and Pink salmon are predicted to be very strong. While most fisheries open the end of June or Early July, anglers targeting bottom fish as well as native american treaty salmon fishing operations have been catching alot of salmon already. A good indication that numbers are high. See the full article at the Seattle Times.
Posted by Osprey at 9:23 AM No comments:
Labels: fishing, salmon, washington
Monday, June 22, 2009
The Osprey May 2009
Check out the latest installment at our website by clicking on the Osprey. In this issue:
- Sandy River Reborn
- Obama and Salmon
- Some Good News For Once
- Steelhead Lagoons on California's Coast
- Yakima River Recovery Efforts
- Update on the Columbia River BiOp
Posted by Osprey at 2:33 PM No comments:
Oregon State Senate Passes Klamath Surcharge
The Oregon State Senate passed SB 76 monday which will enact a 2% surcharge on consumers of energy from the PacifCorp Klamath dams. The surcharge is expected to provide funds which will eventually fund the removal of the four Klamath Dams. The bill now goes to governor Kulongoski's desk for a signature. From the Oregonian
Posted by Osprey at 2:27 PM No comments:
Labels: dam, klamath, pacificorp
Sunday, June 21, 2009
Dworshak Dam Turbines back online
Dworshak Dams largest turbine has been repaired. Out of commission since May when a leak was spotted, the dam is now capable of delivering a critical supply of cold water to aid the upriver migration of salmon and steelhead. See more information at the Columbia Basin's website.
Posted by Osprey at 3:34 PM No comments:
Labels: columbia, dworshak, snake river
Saturday, June 20, 2009
Voice your Opinion on Fish Farming in BC
Fish farms represent one of the biggest threats to the future of wild salmonids in the Georgia Basin and Puget Sound. In the confined glacial archipeligos, the high densities of parasites and disease have severe impacts on outmigrant smolts and resident fish. If dramatic changes aren't made in the scale and practice of aqua culture in Southern BC, the future is grim for wild fish. Most of the fish farming opperations are run from outside of Canada and unfortunately they continue to expand. Meanwhile activists insist that they must reduce the number of farms, monitor impacts more closely and ultimately change the design and implementation of fish farms to protect wild fish. With two more net pen opperations proposed in the Sunderland Channel the Campbell River Courier Islander has posted a poll on their website asking readers to comment on whether they believe the net pen operations should be allowed. The Sunderland Channel is particularly sensitive as it is a tightly confined channel which is a bottle neck for all salmon migrating north from the Fraser and other Georgia Strait systems. Vote at the Courier Islander's website
While you're at it check out the Save Our Salmon website, a great resource for information on the issues in BC.
Also, see an article on the push to close 5 farms in BC
Posted by Osprey at 5:12 PM No comments:
Friday, June 19, 2009
Show Your Support for Harvest Reform
Just got this email from the folks at the Wild Fish Conservancy...
On July 10th at the Seattle Federal Courthouse at 10:00 AM the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals will hear oral arguments regarding the 2006 Puget Sound Comprehensive Chinook Management Plan.
Your presence at this hearing will show the court, and the opposing parties, that the public cares deeply about the need for harvest reform. For information regarding this case see The Continuing Saga of Puget Sound Chinook Harvest or contact Wild Fish Conservancy at email@example.com or 425-788-1167. Additional information can be found on the Wild Fish Conservancy web site at www.wildfishconservancy.org.
The Seattle Federal Courthouse is located at 1010 Fifth Avenue, 7th Floor, Seattle, Washington.
Posted by Osprey at 7:45 PM No comments:
Federal Judge Issues Order on John Day Grazing
US district Judge Ancer Haggarty issued an order this week that the Forest Service must assure that grazing allotments in the John Day basin don't harm threatened summer steelhead. While the Judge did not completely shut down two large grazing allotments, he demanded that it be scaled back and impacts be monitored. In making his decision Judge Haggarty stated, "Plaintiffs have shown that they are likely to succeed on the merits of multiple claims against the Forest Service and National Marine Fisheries Service and that irreparable harm to Middle Columbia River (MCR) steelhead is likely to occur if this court does not partially enjoin grazing on the allotments at issue."
The John Day Basin is one of the Longest undamned rivers in the lower 48 and is considered a stronghold for wild steelhead in the middle columbia basin. See more information at the Columbia Basin Bulletin.
Posted by Osprey at 7:13 PM No comments:
Labels: ESA, Grazing, John Day River, Steelhead
Thursday, June 18, 2009
Columbia River Salmon and Steelhead Panel
WDFW is accepting nominations for a Columbia Basin Advisory Board, responsible for improving sport fishing opportunities in the Columbia System. Nominations for the new board are due no later than July 15th to Heather Bartlett, Salmon and Steelhead Division Manager, at 600 Capitol Way N., Olympia, WA, 98501-1091. More information is available by contacting Heather, at (360) 902-2662. Nominees must include:
- The name of the advisory group the nominee is applying for.
- The nominee's name, physical and email address and telephone number.
- The nominee's affiliations.
- The name, address and telephone number of any organization submitting a nomination.
- Experience, including the amount and type of experience, and any species or areas of interest, and references.
Given the cultural and biological importance of the Columbia Basin for sport fisheries in our area it would be a shame for the conservation community to miss the opportunity to throw our name in the hat. Some well reasoned, informed voice dedicated to the conservation and recovery of wild fish in our region would be highly advantageous. More information in a news release at WDFWs website.
Posted by Osprey at 2:49 PM No comments:
Ocean Acidificaiton
Willapa Bay, one of the countries most productive oyster region has experienced its fourth consecutive spawning failure. Oysters whose larve are free floating prior to settling into a suitable location have been dying before successfully settling out. Increasingly scientists are coming to believe that the oysters are being impacted by changes in ocean chemistry known as ocean acidification. As the concenration of CO2 in the atmosphere rises, the ocean stores massive amounts of the carbon, chaning the pH of the ocean water from slightly alkaline to slightly acidic. The waters most affected are the deep, cold ocean water which upwells along our coast and has typically driven ocean productivity off our continental shelf. While the changes in ocean chemistry are subtle they may have profound impacts for ocean ecosystems where many animals form their exoskeletons with bicarbonate. From Coral Reefs to Zooplankton in the North Pacific the number of organisms directly effected is startling. Even more startling are the changes that could be wrought to marine ecosystems through alterations in their historic foodwebs. As atmospheric carbon concentrations rise, ocean acidification may have a more dramatic effect on marine ecosystems than the actual temperature changes associated with climate change. A fascinating article in the Seattle Times today covered the acidity problems in Willapa Bay.
Posted by Osprey at 2:32 PM No comments:
Wednesday, June 17, 2009
Sam Hamilton Nominated to head USFWS
Sam Hamilton, a career biologist who has focused on habitat protection and restoration was nominated by the Obama adminstration last week to head the Fish and Wildlife Service. As head of the Fish and Wildlife Service, Hamilton will be responsible for coordinating recovery efforts for over 350 federally listed species and managing 128 wildlife refuges. Previously he worked as the Southeast Regional director based in Atlanta Georgia, overseeing the operations of the Fish and Wildlife Service in 10 states and the Caribbean. While the nomination still needs to be confirmed by the Senate, we can hope that his experience as a biologist will encourage him to make scientifically directed, sound management decisions with our fisheries here in the Northwest. See more info at the CBB
Posted by Osprey at 8:58 AM No comments:
Friday, June 12, 2009
Puget Sound
The Puget Sound and Georgia Basin was once one of the most productive Salmonid regions in the world. Formed roughly 10 thousand years ago as last glacial period ended, the rivers in the region contained a highly diverse spectrum of habitats. From their high gradient montane headwaters to their broad alluvial valleys they supported five species of salmon, winter steelhead, cutthroat and many supported summer steelhead as well as bull trout. Over the last century and a half habitat degradation, pollution, overfishing and massive hatchery supplementation have driven both Chinook and Steelhead to the ESA and all other species have experiencing lesser declines. Today a growing population in the region is resulting in severe degradation of the sounds water quality and there are serious concerns about the overall health of the ecosystem. Recently the PBS series frontline did a special covering the polluted state of many of our nations water ways and parts 6 through 11 all deal with the startling realities of the degraded state of Puget Sound. Watch the full series here...
Its not all bad new for the sound though and a two recent developments promise to help clean up the huge contaminant problems in the sound.
For decades the city of Victoria has been dumping raw sewage into the sound. This huge imput of sewage waste creates nutrient pollution altering the ecosystem as well as dumping countless other untreated toxins into the system. See the coverage in the Seattle times...
In response to the public outcry about the degradation of the Puget Sound ecosystem the federal government recently approved a 150% increase in cleanup funding. We can only hope that with a concerted effort at multiple levels of govermnet and serious changes in pollution, development and hatchery practices we can recover the sound to some semblance of its former glory. See the article about the federal funding hike from the Bellingham Herald.
Posted by Osprey at 7:43 PM 1 comment:
Nehalem Basin to Close for Chinook Fishing
The Nehalem River, one of the North Oregon Coasts most productive Chinook Rivers will closed starting June 15th to protect the salmon. Returns have been poor the past three years and the run is forecasted to be poor again this year making the closure necessary to protect the rivers imperiled summer chinook as well as its fall run. See more information on the closure in the Oregonian.
Posted by Osprey at 2:25 PM No comments:
Labels: chinook, fishing, oregon, oregon coast
Hatchery Fish likely contributing to declining wild populations
In yet another piece of scientific literature condemning the practice of widespread hatchery supplementation, Oregon State Researchers Hitoshi Araki and Michael Blouin recently published their second paper exploring the effects of domestication on fitness in wild spawning steelhead. Their study showed that a fish born in the wild from two hatchery spawned parents had only 37 perecent of the reproductive success of truly wild fish and the offspring of one hatchery and one wild fish have only 87 percent of the reproductive success.
While many papers have explored and documented declining fitness within domesticated populations, it has rarely been so accurately quantified. Considering the large declines in fitness associated with the hatchery environment it seems likely that many of our current hatcheries, including wild broodstock programs are counterproductive and may severely limit the productivity of wild populations. Given these facts as well as the equally negative ecological effects of hatchery programs we believe that hatchery programs in areas which could still support strong wild populations should be curtailed. See coverage of the article in science daily.
Posted by Osprey at 2:25 PM No comments:
Labels: domestication, hatcheries
Thursday, June 11, 2009
Oregon Rep proposeses Wild and Scenic designation for Molalla River
Oregon Representative Kurt Schrader has proposed a bill the would designate the Molalla a Wild and Scenic River, one of the last major strongholds of wild salmon and winter steelhead in the Willamette system. With the curtailment of hatchery outplanting on the system wild populations have made a nice recovery in recent years and the Wild and Scenic designation is sure to help. Officially the designation means that the federal government is acknowledging the outstanding cultural value of the fish, recreational opportunity, and natural beauty of the system and the law will protect the river and the surrounding environs in perpetuity. See the coverage in the Oregonian.
Also see Bill Bakkes 2008 article on Steelhead in the Molalla in the Osprey Archives.
Posted by Osprey at 9:25 PM No comments:
Tuesday, June 9, 2009
WDFW Chinook Salmon workshop
WDFW has scheduled a public meeting for comments on their updated Puget Sound Chinook recovery plan. Chinook in Puget Sound are listed as Threatened under the ESA. The meeting is being held on June 12th from 9:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. at the Mountaineers Building, 7700 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle. The plan will be a framework for recovery of Chinook in Puget sound and should emphasize habitat restoration, particularly improving the ecological health of the Puget Sound and the estuaries which provide critical habtiat for juvenile Chinook. The plan should also work to minimize the impacts of sport and commercial fisheries as well as acknowledge the detrimental impacts of many of the current hatchery programs in the Puget Sound region.
Posted by Osprey at 10:27 AM No comments:
Demolition begins on Savage Rapids dam
Fish advocates have been lobbying for the removal of the Rouge River's Savage Rapids dam. Known as the biggest fish killer in the Rouge system because of its poor fish passage, the removal of the dam started last monday as demolition crews began dismantling the 88-year old dam. The dam removal is expected to be complete by late fall and many biologists believe that removing the dam will significantly increase the productivity of Rouge salmon and steelhead. See more coverage at the Southern Oregon mail tribune.
Posted by Osprey at 10:14 AM No comments:
Saturday, June 6, 2009
Columbia River DART
Columbia River DART (data access in real time) is a website maintained by the University of Washington's Columbia Basin Research Team. It is the best resource on the web for up to date data on the Columbia Basin including dam counts, preseason forecasts as well as oceanographic and flow data. Check it out at
Posted by Osprey at 1:23 PM No comments:
Dworshak Dam turbine under repair, may increase summer water temps
Dworshak dam, a major water storage resevoir on Idaho's Northfork of the Clearwater provides an important source of cold water releases throughout the summer months. Without these releases temperatures in the lower Snake can rise above federally mandated guidelines causing increased stress and potentially mortality among upriver migrating Chinook and Steelhead. Due to maintenance problems however, the primary turbine system at Dworshak is temporarily out of commission potentially jeapordizing cool water releases while operators repair a leaky seal. See more coverage at the CBB here.
Posted by Osprey at 1:17 PM No comments:
Friday, June 5, 2009
California State Senate Approves salmon bill
A bill sponsored by California State Senator Patricia Wiggins passed the Senate Monday. The bill allows projects designed to restore and conserve wild salmon and steelhead to access the states Ocean Protection Trust fund. The vote would allow salmon related projects to apply for funding or loans through the Trust opening up as much as 45 million dollars for restoration. See the coverage in the Eureka Times-Standard.
Posted by Osprey at 3:29 PM No comments:
Sacramento River BiOp
With Sacramento River chinook salmon stocks experiencing severe short term decline, federal regulators issued a new biological opinion Thursday demanding changes in the water management practices in the basin. Currently the Sacramento provides water for much of the irrigation in the Central Valley as well as Southern California. The plan calls for about a 5 percent reduction in the amount of water being diverted from the delta and sent to consumers. While some oppose the plan because of its percieved economic impacts, the recent severe collapse of Chinook in the Sacramento has lead to a full closure of salmon fishing the past two years and has alarmed biologists and anglers alike. While the Sacramento was once one of the most productive chinook systems in the world over the last century and a half it has been severely impacted by habitat degradation, overharvest, dam buidling, waterdiversion, and the impacts of invasive species. Hopefully the measures outlined in the new biop will serve as a foundation for recovery of wild chinook and steelhead in the system. See the article in the San Francisco Chronicle here
Posted by Osprey at 3:14 PM No comments:
Oregon to increase logging
In a 4-2 vote Wednesday, the Oregon Board of Forestry voted to increase areas allowed for logging. An additional 20% of the Clatsop and Tillamook State Forests are now vulnerable to logging. These forests are home to rivers that provide habitat for steelhead, listed coho and other salmonids. These forests also offer habitat to the protected northern spotted owl. See coverage in the Oregonian here.
Posted by Osprey at 7:23 AM No comments:
Wednesday, June 3, 2009
Articles on the Klamath in July Fly Fisherman
In the July issue of Fly Fisherman there are a couple of interesting article about the Klamath, its history and the potential for recovery. The PDFs are linked through waterwatch's website here.
Saving the Klamath Ecosystem by John Randolph
Dissecting the Klamath by Steve Pedery
Posted by Osprey at 10:36 AM No comments:
Idaho Senator, "Be open to dam breaching"
Despite a long history of opposition from Idaho's congressional delegation to Snake River dam breaching, Idaho Senator Mike Crapo says all options must be on the table. While he has traditionally opposed dam breaching he says that the government must be willing to consider a variety of options including breaching. The statement is not only a big change for Idaho policy makers but also for the region where most politicans have been slow to advocate for Snake River dam removal. See the full article here at the Idaho statesman's website
Posted by Osprey at 10:12 AM No comments:
Obama officials visit PNW to discuss BiOp
Top officials from the White House, NOAA, Department of the Interior, and the US Army Corps of Engineers recently visited the northwest to discuss the Columbia basin biological opinion with the tribes and states. This follows the recent letter from Justice Redden demanding the feds improve the most recent biological opinion. Fisherman and conservationists were not granted a request to meet with officials and consequently rallied outside the meeting in Portland. See the CBB for the story.
Posted by Osprey at 8:10 AM No comments:
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text:
Role of internal foil layers in Multifoil
Aluminium foil is an excellent reflector of radiation with upwards of 90% efficiency in reflectivity often quoted. For this example I choose a conservative figure of 90% to illustrate my point, higher figures will make the argument even stronger.
So, assuming the foil reflects at least 90% of incident radiative energy then the remaining 10% of the energy will be absorbed by the 1st foil layer, 1% by the 2nd layer, 0.1% by the 3rd and so on(assuming all energy is transferred by radiation). With this argument alone is is clear that the second and subsequent layers have only a very small role to play. However, any radiation which is adsorbed by the first layer can be dissipated by any of the 3 heat transfer processes (convection, conduction and radiation). Now aluminium is an excellent conductor and will rapidly conduct the heat energy throughout the layer and most importantly to any cold bridge - eg a hole, a joint or any conductive bridge to the exterior. This will lead to even less of radiation energy penetrating the first insulating layer.
Nevertheless lets assume that some radiative energy is transmitted by the first foil layer into the interior of the multifoil, this will be reflected by the next layer with the same effeciency as the previous one (90%) and because aluminium is a good reflector this radiation will continue to be reflected back and forth with the same efficiency until it is eventually adsorbed and conducted away.
Therefore I conclude that radiative heat transfer though the interior of the multifoil cannot occur to any significant degree and conduction and convection must be the main heat transfer processes through the bulk of the material.
Note: The internal foil layers however do have a negative effect on the overall heat transfer process, because they exacerbate heat loss via conduction to the nearest cold bridge. This probably counterbalances their only known positive effect, namely that of reducing convective heat transfer between two insulating layers. However this could be achieved much more effectively, and no dount cheaper, by using a non-conducting film such as plastic.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Date Listed
Listing Status
$ 379,999
Property Attributes
- Price$ 379,999
- LocationFL / Plantation
- StatusAVAILABLE
- Bedrooms3
- Bathrooms3
- Area1690 sqft
- Year Build2009
- Direction
Property DescriptionNew luxurious residence 3bed, 3baths condo split floor plan top of the line. Marble floor throughout unit california closets, european cabinets, granite countertops, natural, stone in master bath, s/s appliances, quality fixtures, 3 spacious balconies, 2 parking spaces. Resort style amenities: fitness center, lagoon-style pool, hot-tub, sandy beach area, meditiation garden, business center, tennis courts, putting green, bbq grills with picnic tables, children playground/tot lot.
IDX information regarding 2641 N Flamingo Rd 1401N Plantation FL 33323 and Plantation realty in Town of Plantation is provided exclusively for consumer's personal, non-commercial use. It may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing, and the data is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed accurate.
Unless otherwise noted, all property information regarding homes for sale in Plantation FL and Plantation realty in Town of Plantation is obtained from public records and/or provided by MVRealty.
Listing Data provided by


text:
For superior sleep comfort in any climate – and for all seasons – our ultra lightweight down comforter offers everything you need in one perfectly designed package.
Crafted with our innovative Permabaffle Box system to maximize loft and keep down in place, this lightweight down comforter provides superior warmth in a supremely lightweight package. Made with clear attention on the important details, its soft outer shell keeps down inside where it belongs – and provides years of hypoallergenic performance.
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text:
Shiva Polefka is the associate director for Ocean Policy at American Progress, where he works on domestic and international affairs related to marine natural resource management, with a focus on identifying and developing opportunities to link equitable economic growth with the protection and restoration of ocean health.
Shiva earned his M.A. from the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and previously worked as an analyst for the Coast and Ocean program at the Environmental Defense Center, in Santa Barbara, California.


text:
Reuters Staff
1 Min Read
Aug 25(Reuters) - Zhejiang Daily Digital Culture Group Co Ltd
* Says it changes accounting policy based on accounting standards for business enterprises
Source text in Chinese:goo.gl/vmF3JH
Further company coverage: (Beijing Headline News)
All quotes delayed a minimum of 15 minutes. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays.
© 2018 Reuters. All Rights Reserved.


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When you pursue a master's degree in statistics from Ball State, you'll benefit from courses covering everything from probability and stochastic processes to regression analysis to multivariate statistics.
During our two-year program, you'll also learn to use statistical packages, which many businesses, industries, and government agencies require. You'll be ready to tackle a variety of research and analytical roles in the real world.
For more information, contact Hanspeter Fischer, the director of graduate programs in the Department of Mathematical Sciences, or Rahmatullah Imon, the program advisor for statistics.
Request information to learn more about graduate study in mathematics.
Register online to attend an in-person session on Friday, December 8.


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This section contains 442 words
(approx. 2 pages at 400 words per page)
Chapters 7 and 8 Summary
In Chapter 7, the tour guide leads the boys to the grave of the Archduke and tells the story about his death. When the group returns to the store, the store clerk's mom is there. The mom, Hollis, recognizes Colin from the gameshow he won the previous year. Hollis invites the boys over for dinner. While the boys wait in the living room, Hollis and her daughter, Lindsey, fix dinner in the kitchen. Colin decides to sneak off to a room in the house to work on his formula, The Theorem of Underlying Katherine Predictability. Hollis offers Colin and Hassan jobs for the summer working at the factory her family owns, which manufactures tampon strings. Hollis offers them $500 each a week and room and board. Later, Katherine checks on Colin in his room and they have a conversation about popularity.
In Chapter...
(read more from the Chapters 7 and 8 Summary)
This section contains 442 words
(approx. 2 pages at 400 words per page)


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Isla Fisher and Sacha Baron Cohen: Coffee Break with Baby!
Isla Fisher and Sacha Baron Cohen smile down at their youngest daughter as they take a break from their walk on Saturday (August 13) in New York City.
The 35-year-old actress and 39-year-old actor stopped for iced coffee and took a cool break from the hot New York sun!
PHOTOS: Check out the latest pics of Isla Fisher
Isla will be starring in the upcoming film The Great Gatsby, which also stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Carey Mulligan, and Tobey Maguire.
Carey recently confirmed that filming begins shortly!
"We start rehearsing in a month [August], and start filming in September," Carey said.
FyI: Isla and Sacha are using their Maclaren stroller!


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Congress just doesn't get it
The Senate just passed the Safe Food Act? Why?
Where will the money come from to support a new cadre of bureaucrats? The FDA is not doing its job now. We have food alerts regularly. They cannot handle the job they are already entrusted with, why would we want to broaden the scope of what they can meddle in?
More bureaucrats, more bureaucrats to support, this is how you implement smaller government? Not in my book.
By what stretch of the imagination does the government have any authority to meddle in the production of food? Where does one find that in the Constitution? Just because they do it does not mean it is legal, moral, or ethical.
One tidbit I gleaned from the net today: It will be illegal to have, and store seeds. Say what?? Are we nuts? Are we going to stand for seed control? What next?
Why do bureaucrats want to control our food? That makes me curious? What do you think? One of those czars does not want us to eat meat. Is this an incremental step down that road? As Beck says, what does this all mean? Where are we headed? Is food rationing on the agenda, down the road? Is that the secret weapon they mean to use to control obesity?
Does anybody still trust our elected officials?
Thinking, feeling, and acting, as free human beings, is becoming more of a chore with each new law that is passed. We need to rescind, rescind, rescind. That is the mantra we need to shout from the rooftops. Rescind.
D.I. Larson
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DLP 2015: More is More...
Layers You Will Love
February 7
Art Challenge: When Not To Stop
Journal Prompt: Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough (ooh)
Welcome to a new month of building our skill set of art journaling know-how!
Layers - so integral to art journaling. When you look at the page and are drawn in, it is usually due to layers and details. It is what makes pages rich and deep. Think about a well decorated room. It is all the layers of paint, lighting, furniture, accessories, and flooring that makes you want to sink into it. You want to live there.
As you look around, you realize there is more to the room than you first noted. Details. That is the winner in my book every time. Not that details have to make a page busy. Simple pages can have details too. The repetition of a shape or color. The doodle around a flower or letter than gives it depth and importance. It can be simple but very effective.
There can also be the pages that are a visual feast. You want to pull up a seat, get a snack and spend TIME with the piece. You see layers and layers of shape, color and texture. You start to identify the theme of the page and feel like you have an idea what the artist was feeling when they built the page.
Both are wonderful!
(Gelli printing and hand cut stencils border)
I have been experimenting with a different approach to my art journal pages. First, you have to know that I am a goal oriented, check it off the list type of gal. I am taking my time with spreads. Often they spread out over several days. I walk past them and think about what else I want to add. I don't rush myself. I find that my best ideas come after spending some time with the piece. That is when the details and layers appear. It is working well for me.
So, for me, right now - More is More.
More time, more layers, more details, more thought = More happiness with results.
I use my hand carved stamps regularly. If you would like to learn how to doodle and carve your own custom stamps, check out my class with Rae Missigman. It is specifically for beginners. We take you step by step and provide you with patterns including the flowers above. You can find it HERE.
Calling it layered and layered and DONE.
Products used:
Need a Journal? Find it HERE
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Instagram: home of the sneak peeks - Follow: Sandi, Lorraine, Rae, Roben_Marie
Visit our blogs: Lorraine Bell, Roben-Marie Smith, Rae Missigman
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Baker & Hostetler
Among other things, it works on contract disputes, royalty disputes, mergers and acquisitions, joint operating agreements, exploration agreements, patent infringement suits, offshore environmental compliance issues, offshore spills and contamination issues, trade and customs concerns, maritime issues, antitrust matters and product liability claims.
It also handles import-export issues, assists in the purchase and development of deep-water rigs, deals with...
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Measurement equipment
Pressure transmitters, pressure gauge, pressure sensors, temperature gauges, temperature transmitters, temperature sensors, pressure instruments, level gauge, level transmitters, flow gauge, magnetic level gauges, level control equipments, magnetic level control equipment, ultrasonic transmitters, ultrasonic level transmitters, diaphragm pressure switch, flow switch, water detectors, Resistance thermometers, Platinum resistance thermometers, fuel oil meters.
Please download measurement equipment brochure.
Shipboard power cables, controlled and symmetrical communication cables, etc
Shipboard power cables, controlled and symmetrical communication cables, shipboard ethernet coaial cables, shipboard frequency changer cables, shipboard computer cables, shipboard S-FTP cables, ship safely Explosion-proof cables, ship strength cables with 8000 types in more than 30 category. These cables are certified with CCS, GL, ABS, LR, BV, NK, DNV, and RINA approvals.
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Steel wire ropes & manila ropes
Providing the best quality of steel wire ropes & manila ropes in a variety of options ranging from 2 mm to 100 mm diameter, which are widely used for different applications comprising underground mining, surface mining, mooring, onshore and offshore drilling, fishing, elevators, cranes, aerial haulage and track installations besides various general engineering applications.
Please download wire rope brochure.
High pressure steel wire braided rubber hose, high pressure steel wire spiraled rubber hose, etc
High pressure steel wire braided rubber hose, high pressure steel wire spiraled rubber hose, steel wire spiraled drilling rubber hose, antiflaming, high pressure resistance rubber hose and assemble, marine high pressure oil-conveying rubber hose, expansible rubber hose, flexible metal hoses, rubber gasket, High quality hydraulic pressure hoses (6"-52"), stainless steel metallic flexible hoses, special rubber hoses, etc.
Please download rubber hose brochure.
Totally enclosed lifeboat, free fall lifeboat, FRP rescue boat, fast rescue boat, partially enclosed boat, open FRP lifeboat.
Totally enclosed FRP lifeboat and rescue boat according to the latest regulations of SOLAS and rules of international life saving equipments (LSA)、Revision bill of MSC.218(82)、MSC.272(85) and resolutions of MSC.81(70)、 Revision bill of MSC.226(82)、MSC.274(85) to build, is applied in wretched sea conditions, for example, oceangoing freighter and liner and oil tank etc., and F type totally enclosed FRP lifeboat has higher fire resistant characteristics with combination function of lifesaving and rescue.


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Ecology Orchid Coffee Mug 380ml
These fantastic mugs by Ecology are stylish enough for entertaining and practical enough for everyday use.
- Capacity: 380ml
- Dishwasher and microwave safe
PLEASE NOTE: These are ASSORTED products
Each product is individually sold and is available in assorted colours/designs.
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$.26 to $.26
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I needed the book after seeing the preview was enough to whet an appetite ready to game on Barsoom for a much needed change of pace.
As for those who claim that the material is not all that original, I think they miss the point that the material it is based on has been begging for a game setting for almost 100 years (in the case of the stories by Burroughs). I, for one, am glad someone put out a game like this to show just how enduring the novels that started the genre of Martian tales is.
If you appreciate Burroughs, then you will appreciate this game. For all of its flaws, both the literary works and this game, it is worth having on both counts. As a gamer who prefers settings that offer something out of the ordinary all I have to add is more of this, please.


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VATICAN CITY — A Vatican keen to show its green side has added pollution to the realm of "new sins" that today's Catholics must confront and avoid.
In this age of expanding globalization, the Vatican is telling followers that sin is not just an individual act but can also be a transgression against the larger community.
An offense against God, said senior Vatican official Msgr. Gianfranco Girotti, "is not only stealing or coveting another man's wife, it is also destroying the environment."
Polluting was just one of several sins Girotti decried as products of modern circumstances that must be addressed urgently. Others include gene manipulation (such as cloning or stem cell research), drug abuse and becoming too wealthy, as well as practices more routinely condemned by the Roman Catholic Church, such as abortion.


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Our office is very technology oriented, so email is a good way to contact us. We check our email very regularly during business hours.
If you aren't from Arizona (and maybe even if you ARE), you probably think the state is all desert, cactus, and very hot weather. But Payson has 4 mild seasons including a beautiful Autumn and several (usually small) snows each Winter. Payson is centrally located, close to the Phoenix Metro area, Northern Arizona, and various mountain lakes and recreational area. We invite you to visit, and discover one of the nicest parts of the state.
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Academic job market and Northwestern's relentless ambition
As this article indicates, economic tough times at law schools has shrunk the capacity of law schools to hire new faculty. Bucking this trend, we are hard at work in recruiting excellent new teachers and scholars. Hiring terrific young faculty members is critical to our success — in our curriculum and in our research profile. Even in the face of difficult resources dilemmas, we will keep as a priority faculty recruitment. We have always looked to bring the best and brightest to our faculty. We will be equally ambitious in the present and the future!
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Welcome To DART
Welcome to DART - the NHPCO Data Analysis and Reporting system web site! This site is designed to allow you to submit data and view your reports for the NHPCO Quality Benchmarking Initiatives.
For a brief walk-through of the new DART, click below:
Please click on one of the following NHPCO Quality Benchmarking Initiatives to enter your data or to view your benchmarking reports:


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KAL is an ELECTRONIC NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION (e-NGO) and has been initiated on independent volunteering bases as a global open network since 1993. Members with skills in linguistic, and information technology are sharing their thoughts around Kurdish linguistic issues. They seek information, solutions and focus on a future for better understanding of the Kurdish language. KAL is a community of people who has responded to this crucial question of our society.
"Herwekí me cend jaran gotiye yekitiya mileté kurd bi yekítiya zimané kurdí téte pé. Di yekítiya zimané de gava péshín jhí yekítiya herfan e. Yaní jhi bona nivísandina zimané miletekí divét zana ú xwendewarén wí miletí bi tevayí jhi bona zimané xwe elfabeyeké bibijhérin ú heke di wí zimaní de cand zar hene, zar hemí bi wé elfabé béne nivísandin."
"As I have noted before, the Kurdish nation will converge via a unified Kurdish language. The prerequisite of a unified Kurdish language is a unified Kurdish alphabet. This means that the Kurdish scholars and the literati need to develop a writing system that allows all speakers hailing from every Kurdish dialect to use that writing system."
Jeladet Alí Bedir Xan, Hawar, hejh 9, 1932
The International Mother Language Day, proclaimed by the General Conference of UNESCO in November 1999, has been observed yearly since February 2000 to promote linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism.
The eleventh International Mother Language Day, on 21 February 2010, will be celebrated in the framework of the International Year for the Rapprochement of Cultures.
ANKARA (Reuters Thu, Feb 11 2010) - A Turkish court has sentenced the editor of a Kurdish newspaper to 21 years in prison for printing what it called Kurdish rebel propaganda, a ruling likely to raise concern about press freedom in the EU candidate country.
Jaffer Sheyholislami, PhD, Nov 2009
Language has frequently been considered an integral part of nation building. If nation-building has often meant nation destroying, it has also meant imposing one language while suppressing others. Since the birth of the French Republic, most language policies have been informed by the nation-state ideology (henceforth NSI), which is used here to refer to the view that a nation must be congruent politically, culturally and linguistically. This is a powerful myth that needs to be debunked if we want to celebrate diversity and uphold linguistic rights for all.
Abdulla Goran (1904/05/? -18/11/1962), (in Kurdish: Ebdulla Goran, عبدوڵا گۆران) was a Kurdish poet. He was born as Abdulla Suleiman in Halabja/Hewramn province/Kurdistan in May 1904. He went to school in Kirkuk and on to further education at teaching school. Later on he worked as a teacher for several years in the Hawraman region.
Hûn bi xêr hatin dersên kurdî!
This Beginning Kurmanji Kurdish DVD consists of 20 lessons that aim to provide learners with basic Kurdish language skills so that they can express themselves in Kurdish. Each lesson includes one or more dialogues with accompanying audio and video features, grammar as well as footnotes, which provide additional explanatory notes about grammar, idiomatic expressions and Kurdish culture;
Govend Amédí, Sibey, 14/01/2010
Duhí jhimareka zora qutabíyan li xuníshandanekéda cune beramber qamqamíyeta qeza Amédíyé u li yadashtnamekéda daxazkir shéwazé Kirmanjí li qutabixanén devera Behdínan bihét xandin.
گویش گورانی روستای گوراجوب قشلاق، در منطقۀ گوران
سروش شهبازی، ٢٠٠۹
گویش شناسی شاخهای از علم زبانشناسی است که به بررسی ماهیت و پراکندگی گونههای زبانی میپردازد.[1] و چون شیوۀ قاطع و ویژه ای برای رده بندی گویشها پدید نیامده است، این مطالعات با چالشهایی روبرو هستند.
Dirbas Mistefa, Rojhnameya Evro, 29/12/2009
Konferansa zimané kurdí bo demé sé rojhan li Hewléré hate géran. Jhi bo zanína enjaman me ev dídar kirin. Dr. Íbrahím Ehmed Simoyí li ser cúna shandé Dihoké bo konferansa zimané kurdí li Hewléré got:
Jaffer Sheyholislami, Carleton University, Dec 2009
Minority languages have been oppressed, denied, and neglected for a long time, and their decline is accelerating. Whereas estimates show that half of the world's languages disappeared from 1450 to 1950, half of the remaining 6000 to 7000 languages could disappear in this century alone. Some observers include globalization and new media technologies among the factors contributing to this extinction. Some others, however, see new media, such as satellite television and the Internet, as the salvation of minority languages.
Hesení Qazí, 31í Désambirí 2009
Le néwan 21 – 23í mangí désambirí 2009 "Ekadímíyay Kurdí" le Hewlér "konfirransí zimaní resmíy herémí Kurdistan"y berréwe bird u wek péshbíní dekira em konfirranse cí lé shín nebú.
Péshtir birríyar wabú, ew konfirranse le mangí Oktobir da be réwebicé. Emin le 29í mangí Út namey légérranewe bo beshdarí kirdin lew konfirransem behoy berréz Muweíd Teyíb endamí karay "Ekadímíya" be ímeyl be dest geysht. (birrwane xwarewe) lew banghéshtine da dawa kirabú, kesí bangkiraw " le kurteyekda (ملخص/abstract) bír u bocúní le ser nawerokí dosíyey nérdirawí zimaní fermí le herémí Kurdistanda, ta 15/9/ 2009 binéré".


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Nina Beilina does not fool around. Possessor of a hearty, even viola-like tone, she obviously understands the full range of sounds and shapes that the violin can create. Beyond this, she boasts the technique -- and also the temperament -- to display them in performances that are bold and imaginative.
Better still, in her Sunday recital at Temple Beth Sholom in Miami Beach, she also had taste enough to know when it was not necessary to put them all to use. For example, her way with Mozart`s darkly passionate Sonata in E minor, K. 304, was basically simple, tautly paced and crisply articulated, never sugary even in the most graceful moments of its minuet.
That may make it sound rather cool, but it wasn`t. Beilina etched the whole sonata in virile, slightly pungent sound, which captured all the brooding of the first movement, and gave an air of mystery to that final minuet.
The contrast could hardly have been greater between the energy tinged with restraint of her Mozart, and the sheer abandon of her Shostakovich -- the immense and often ferocious Sonata, Op. 134. Here, she ran the fiddler`s gamut.
Whether she was spinning out Shostakovich`s tortuous melodies in haunted, whispering tones, swaggering through the slow but snappy dance episode in the first movement, or bearing down on insistent, long-held dissonances, Beilina gave a performance of unflagging intensity.
This certainly was not careful playing, but if her intonation occasionally went a bit awry in the manic second movement, the riveting Shostakovich was the payoff.
After intermission, Beilina put the emphasis on opulence. She luxuriated in the long melodies of Eugene Ysaye`s Poeme elegiaque, molding them with smoothness and spontaneity, shading them with tone either penetratingly brilliant or juicy and rich. And she tossed out the sweeping flourishes of his Ballade with athletic bravura.


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Fireside Lodge Cedar Log Bunkbed - Full/FullThis traditional cedar log bunk bed will sleep 4 comfortably. Individually handcrafted, heirloom-quality, this bunk bed is perfect for any rustic log furniture bedroom or cabin.
Sleep extra guests safely and comfortably in this rustic log bunk bed. Built-in ladder on footboard. This double over double log bunk bed features full log side rails for a sturdy construction and clear-coat catalyzed lacquer finish for extra durability.
This piece of rustic furniture is made with Northern White Cedar Logs, which is hand peeled to accentuate their natural character and beauty. White cedar also has exceptionally high strength-to-weight ratio, which means that it is both durable and easy to move about. It does not shrink or warp as many other woods commonly do.
This bunk bed has slats on the bottom bunk for a box spring and mattress and includes a bunkie board for the top bunk.
This log bunk bed is delivered partially assembled (in knock-down form) and require some easy assembly with common household tools.
Available in the traditional cedar finish as shown in the photo or the darker "Vintage Finish". See the "Additional Images" thumbnails above for photo of optional finish and assembly instructions.
Click the link to view our rustic furniture bedding fabric options and mattresses !
Approx. dimensions: 65W x 87L x 72H - weight 500lbs
This item generally ships within 4-5 weeks. As with most of our rustic log furniture, this item has free curbside delivery to the lower 48 states!
This manufacturer offers a lifetime warranty on all rustic furniture.
When buying rustic furniture, here's a rule of thumb: the more massive the room, the more massive the rustic log furniture!


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|Barrick Announces Appointment of Kelvin Dushnisky to Board of Directors -
"Barrick Gold Corporation (ABX.TO)(ABX.TO) (Barrick or the "company") today announced that it has appointed Kelvin Dushnisky to the company's Board of Directors. Mr. Dushnisky has more than 25 years of international mining industry experience, with a focus on project development and public affairs. He joined Barrick in 2002 and was appointed President in August 2015 with overall responsibility for execution of the company's strategic priorities. Mr. Dushnisky is also Chairman of the Board of Directors of Acacia Mining plc and represents Barrick at the World Gold Council, the International Council on Mining and Metals and the Business Council of Canada. Prior to joining Barrick, he held management positions at EuroZinc Mining Corporation, Sutton Resources and Rescan Consultants. Mr. Dushnisky holds an Honours Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Manitoba, in addition to a Master of Science degree and a Juris Doctor degree from the University of British Columbia." More
- 02/17/16 | Item |


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Doctor insights on:
Bile Acid Reducer
Bile Acid Reducer (Overview)
Bile acid reducers are a kind of cholesterol/lipid lowering agent (cardiovascular drug).
Will the bile acid in my bowel movements irritate my rectum?
Yes: It is not the bile acid - it is the acidity of the food that creates this issue - food becomes acidic if it is high in animal protein people who do not digest this has higher Lactic Acid formation, food rich in trans fat (fried foods, oils) and food rich in sugar burns the mucosa of gut where there are toxic focal sites - they loose intestinal lining and this burns when it comes across bile acids. ...Read more
Bile Acid Reducer (Overview)
Bile acid reducers are a kind of cholesterol/lipid lowering agent (cardiovascular drug).
What are the diseases associated with the presence of bile acid and acetone bodies in urine?
Reflux, Atresia, DKA: Bile is a greenish golden color secretion, produced by the liver ; is stored in gallbladder. Bile leaves from gallbladder through bile duct and helps in absorption of fats. Bile duct may be obstructed, causing gallstones. Biliary atresia, biliary cirrhosis, biliary cholangitis, pancreatitis ; bile reflux are bile related conditions. Acetone bodies are ketone bodies and can cause dka, ketoacidosis. ...Read more
Can eating before a bile acid blood test affect the results. When testing for pregnacy cholesatsis?
Cholestasis: It is not necessary to be fasting before serum bile acid testing for cholestasis of pregnancy. Not all patients with cholestasis will have abnormal blood work. Some physicians will try a medication called Ursodiol in patients with suspected cholestasis. If the itching resolves on this medication then this can confirm the diagnosis. ...Read more
Pregnant 26+5 by scan. Bile acid sent was 11.9 reported. Started on UDCA tab. Any effects on baby? Baby wt estimate d by scan 750g and told? IUGr.????
Cholestasis: Your pregnancy is at risk due to fatty liver, so there is a strong chance your baby will deliver prematurely if this does not improve soon. The ursodeoxycholic acid you are taking helps to reverse that trend, so hopefully this will get better. Trust your OB, and stick to the diet they likely put you on to help, and hopefully your liver gets better soon... ...Read more
Does eating before a bile acid blood test affect the results?
Depends...: ...on the reasoning behind the test: e.g. non-fasted blood draw to rule out Gilbert's would alter results. ...Read more
Coeliac D trying to gain weight, there is fat malabsorption, is there any way to ameliorate this other than bile acid sequester? Thank you any tips?
Time: If you have truly avoided all gluten, the small intestine will eventually heal up and start absorbing the nutrients within a few months at the latest. Just give it time. If you still fail to gain weight after 3 months, check with your GI again to see if there may be something else causing your weight loss issue. ...Read more
I've heard of bile acid secuestrants as an alternative to statins for high cholesterol. What are the negatives to using them?
Partly helpful.: While bile acid sequestrants can help lower cholesterol, statins not only lower the LDL ("bad cholesterol"), but also have what are termed "pleiotropic effects" upon endothelial function, the stability of atherosclerotic plaques, decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation, and inhibiting the clotting response. Statins seem to have antitumor and other effects as well. ...Read more
My B12 is at 200 ng/L lab reference is 130-800. I have bile acid malabsorption. Is this level acceptable for everyone, or could I benefit from more?
Could use more: It would be prudent to consult your doctor for the need to take supplemental vitamin B12. It can given as an injection, a pill to be swallowed or a pill kept under the tongue. Your doctor who knows more about your health would be able to advise better. ...Read more
What is the definition or description of: serum bile acid elevated?
Maybe big trouble: We check for several nonspecific liver tests like ast, alt, alkphos, bili and one specific GGT test for alcoholism (and others). We worry when these increase 2x, 3x, 4x etc. Bile acid (bilirubin) can increase in a newborn and cause jaundice, which is temporary and treatable. In adults, an elevate bili can be ominous possible heralding hepatitis, disease, or blockage of some type. ...Read more
Do bile acid sequestrants give rise to fat malabsorption if excess dietary intake of fat?
Yes...: Theoretically yes. Practically negligent.Get a more detailed answer ›
Cold burning from anal area all the way up to bladder area in 4 day bouts. Gallbladder removed so could this be bile acid irritation? Prostate ok.
No: Only if you have post gallbladder removal diarrhea wouldthis be considered. Se colon rectal surgeon. ...Read more
Will the bile acid in my bowel movements irritate my rectum?
Yes: It is not the bile acid - it is the acidity of the food that creates this issue - food becomes acidic if it is high in animal protein people who do not digest this has higher Lactic Acid formation, food rich in trans fat (fried foods, oils) and food rich in sugar burns the mucosa of gut where there are toxic focal sites - they loose intestinal lining and this burns when it comes across bile acids. ...Read more
25 weeks pregnant & have yellow in my eyes under the lid & also underneath my eyes, im also suffering from bile/acid coming, but have tablets for it?
Liver check: If your eyes are yellow then see your doctor and asked to be checked for jaundice. This is a liver disorder that can cause yellow eyes. You mention Bile/acid. If you mean heartburn the over the counter heartburn medications are safe for use. If you were referring the blood test serum bile acids then this yellowing of the eyes could indicate a more serious condition called cholestasis. See Obgyn. ...Read more
I think I have bile acid malabsorption but my doctor has diagnosed IBS. I've had two episodes of folate anaemia, chronic acidic diarrhoea, LIF pain?
Digestive Problems: Look into glyconutrients and consider digestive enzymes. If you would like to discuss further contact me. ...Read more
15 weeks pregnant. Mild itching 4 weeks on legs-Lotion helps. Normal LFT's. Do I need bile acid test for ICP?
BAisconfirmatorytest: Most LFT (liver function test) panels include the total & direct bilirubin, which measure a part of the bile acids. If the direct or both r elevated, it cd be consistent w/ ICP. However, u could also have a bile stone causing similar symptoms (& elevated or normal bilirubins). TTYD or gastroenterologist for an exam & testing for diagnosis. Bile acid (BA) tests take longer & is da confirmatory test ...Read more
Can you take zofran and metoclopamide together. I have bile acid malabsorption and have nausea and bad upper stomach pain every day?
Ok, but...: There are no interactions between the two, so they can be used at the same time. But there is potential for side effects, especially of the metoclopramide. Therefore, you should follow whatever regimen your G.I. Dr. Believes is best. Good luck. ...Read more
I'm 35 weeks pregnant w severe itching all over. Dr req uric acid blood test to rule out cholestasis. I thought I needed a bile acid test!
Pregnancy rash: Uric acid is related to gout and not your condition. You are right in questioning. ...Read more
I hav barretts oesophagus & vomit a lot, bile acid malabsorption with loose stools recently been getting a fever after eating a meal what cud this be?
Fever: Your fevers are nonspecific and not clearly related to the barretts or malabsorption syndrome as neither of these conditions are usually accompanied by post prandial fever. Are other symptoms like abdominal pain, sweats and chills or cough also occurring then? Infection or noninfectious inflammation are to be considered. See your MD for further evaluation and testing. ...Read more
I have itching, I am 37 weeks pregnant. My blood analysis is normal only ast is 79 and alt 115, alk phosphate-185!!! Bile acid-10!!! Can I have cholestasis?
Yes: It sounds as though you do have pregnancy induced cholestasis. Delivery will usually resolve this within a few days. Babies may have a slight increase in being born with meconium issues when born. Cholestasis does not usually lead to any long term liver disease in the mom or child. Please talk with your OB. Ultrasound of the liver and gallbladder may be done to rule out any other causes. ...Read more
How to know what is antacids effect on bile juices in the stomach?
No: Antacids do just that - neutralize acid. They don't affect bile. ...Read more
Not sure if a doctor's appointment is needed. I have had a gnawing feeling in my upper abdomen, just under my breast bone. The pain has been coming and going all week. I have tried alieve, pepcid, and antacids and nothing helps. Now the pain has gotten
Your: Your symptoms make me concerned about peptic ulcer dsease, gallbladder disease or pancreatitis. If the pain is as you described then you really should get evaluated by your physician soon. If the pain continues to get even worse, I suggest a visit to an emergency room. Best wishes. ...Read more
Can I take a nasal decongestant and then an acid reducer?
Yes, but: Nasal decongestant sprays should not be used regularly. Oral decongestant pills can be taken with acid reducers. ...Read more
Can I take 2 acid reducer at the same time?
No: If you are currently on a medication that is not working, you should see your doctor instead of taking 2 at the same time. The doctor may need to change the dose or prescribe a different medication. Also, your problem could be from something else that will not respond to your acid reducing medication like an h. Pylori infection. ...Read more
What's the best acid reducer for teenager sixteen?
Try: This could depend on the degree of acid problems the teenager has. Step wise you could try bland diet with Maalox. Other options include Peptobismol, Zantac, (ranitidine) Prilosec. Talk with your pharmacist or doctor for more answers. ...Read more
How does a acid reducer remove warts when is taken orally.
See below: It helps to eliminate excees perspirtaion and elimnate one of the problems that causes warts. ...Read more
Can you take Azo yeast with acid reducer?
Can be taken.: I don't see any problem in taking this together. There is no known absoption problem with either one of them if taken together. ...Read more
Do I need to take an acid reducer for the rest of my life after having a perforated ulcer?
Depends: If your ulcer was a result of hyperacidity induced by infection with helicobacter pylori and you have been treated it may not be necessary to continue this therapy. Check with your GI doctor. ...Read more
How many days/weeks would a person typically take an Acid Reducer to treat an ulcer caused by NSAIDs?
Hard to say: Since it depends on how fast your ulcer is healing. I would estimate that 4 weeks are likely the minimum and you may likely need something more potent (PPI?) ...Read more
Having problems belching. Feels like gas is stuck in chest and it won't come up. Tried soda. I take a acid reducer but don't think it's working. Help?
Gas: Try simethicone, one of the trade names is gas-x over the counter. Usually two capsules will help in under an hour, sometimes minutes. ...Read more
Upper Abdomen (Definition)
Draw a transverse line through the umbilicus and the upper abdomen includes every part of the belly above this line and below the ...Read more
Bile (Definition)
Dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver for digestion of fats ...Read more


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At the beginning of April Noah Rosenblatt, Morgan Stanley, and Kate Clausen traveled to Texas Christian University to compete in the Values and Ventures Business Plan competition.
Vaylenx is run by CEO Noah Rosenblatt, CFO David Bartizal, COO Morgan Stanely, and CCO Kate Clausen. Their product, CNP-1, is an environmentally friendly, affordable, effective solution to mosquito spread diseases that claim over 1 million lives every year.
At TCU, Vaylenx was recognized with the Founder's Award which recognizes the most inspirational project with the largest impact. We cannot wait to see what they do in the future. Read the full story here!


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Important member of an Elizabethan company, responsible for the custody of the play scripts belonging to it and for the copying and distributing of individual parts, which were supposed to ...
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Welcome to the 2017-2018 school year, home of the Blazers!
As the principal, I am honored to share with you how the Dominican Sinsinawa core values of Community, Study, Preaching, and Prayer are at the heart of everything we do at Trinity, which makes it a truly exceptional school.
As a daily reminder these core values are engraved in the entry way of our school. However, they are not merely words, they are put into action everyday through our dedicated faculty and staff, the commitment of our community and the spirit of the girls.
Trinity is a more than a four year high school experience it is like being part of a family with participation that spans a lifetime. It begins with building solid relationships and performing service while at Trinity but continues through generations of active alumnae. Trinity faculty are committed to the academic, spiritual, and emotional growth of each student. On a daily basis they model our core values, and help create a caring and supportive school community that is rooted in the Dominican Sinsinawa mission, wherein every student feels valued and respected.
The academic experience at Trinity is second to none. We set high academic expectations for all of our students and provide a nurturing environment along with academic support to ensure their success. We educate the whole person so that they may become active leaders in our global society. To that end, we have instituted two strong academic programs; International Baccalaureate (IB) and College Preparatory – both of which challenge students to think critically, listen attentively and act humanely
For over twenty-four years, Trinity has been a member of the IB Community and was the first Catholic school in Illinois to institute this honors program. Our 90% success rate has consistently exceeded the national average. IB students study a wide range of curriculum and are evaluated by Trinity faculty and independent IB evaluators. For all IB course work, students need to display an in depth expertise of content through strong written and verbal communication. Trinity's Pre-IB courses are available for freshman and sophomores and students that qualify for a full IB certification are enrolled in the Full IB Diploma Program junior and senior year.
Trinity's College Preparatory Program consists of a rigorous humanities curriculum, which contains a wide variety of science and mathematics courses. Students in this program are evaluated using a variety of assessment. Faculty that teach IB courses also teach College Prep courses and use many of the same strategies and techniques from the IB program, which enhances the curriculum.
To ensure that the student body acts as a unit and there is free exchange of ideas, students from the IB and College Prep programs attend theology, physical education, health and electives courses together.
Additionally, all students benefit from a 4 X 4 Block Schedule, which allows students to focus on fewer topics at a time and obtain a more in-depth knowledge of the subject matter. The faculty to student ratio is smaller for block scheduling when compared to a more traditional class schedules, which allows faculty to tailor their instructional techniques to student's individual learning styles.
I invite you to examine this website to obtain a full picture of Trinity High School; you will see that community, spirit, active learning, prayer, student leadership, service to others and participation in our global society permeate the school and supports our mission as a Catholic school for young women in the tradition of the Dominican Sisters of Sinsinawa.
Warmest Regards,
Dr. Noreen A. Powers
Principal, Trinity High School


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Anne Russell reports that her novel "Tropical Depression" is about to come out from her Bradley Creek Press, which also produced "The Wayward Girls of Samarkand," which she wrote with Melton McLaurin.
The book is available on Amazon.com and the Barnes & Noble website. At Amazon, the price is $15.
The novel focuses on Dan McInnes, commodorate of the Fearrington Yacht Club, who finds himself in the winter of his discontent as he battens down his sailboat Mandamus before the arrival of Hurricane Mariah. (Hint: Among Russell's many books is the official history of the Carolina Yacht Club at Wrightsville Beach.)
Also blowing ashore is California investigative journalist Windham Doubeck, who challenges McInnes' Southern patriarchal assumptions. The commodore finds his bedrock assumptions undergoing a sea change.
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who holds a Ph.D. in American studies is a playwright and author. Among her books is "Portraits of Faith," co-authored with Marjorie Megivern.


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BALA CYNWYD, PA – Keystone Property Group, a leading real estate developer, manager and investor of office and industrial properties, announced today that it recently completed a new 74,258-square-foot office lease with Destination Maternity Corporation, the world's leading maternity apparel retailer, at Moorestown Corporate Center, a strategically located, three-building office campus.
The lease brings Moorestown Corporate Center to 85-percent leased. The property, which totals 222,823 square feet, provides immediate access to the heavily traveled Routes 38, 70 and 73; I-295; and the New Jersey Turnpike. Keystone purchased the property in 2012 and is currently completing a capital improvement program that will serve to differentiate Moorestown Corporate Center from other area office campuses.
"This lease is a testament to the success of our in-progress repositioning and lease-up strategy for this well-located office property," stated Bill Glazer, President of Keystone Property Group. "Our reinvestment program for Moorestown Corporate Center will create a modern and unique work environment for this market that effectively addresses the requirements of tenants today."
As part of Keystone's capital improvement program for Moorestown Corporate Center, the company has already completed a full repaving of the complex's surface parking, and is undertaking additional exterior improvements that include new landscaping and monument signage throughout the campus.
The interiors of the complex's buildings will also benefit from significant reinvestment, with full renovations planned for the main and elevator lobbies and common areas of 224 and 232 Strawbridge Drive within the complex to incorporate new finishes and improved lighting. Keystone is also upgrading the complex's HVAC systems.
Currently, there is a total of 34,000 square feet of space available in 224 Strawbridge Drive, which totals 74,000 square feet. The complex's other two buildings – 228 and 232 Strawbridge Drive – are fully leased.
The buildings within Moorestown Corporate Center feature three-story glass atrium lobbies, unique floor configurations permitting numerous corner offices and flexible floor plan arrangements, and a high ratio of windows per floor. The complex is approximately 30 minutes from Center City Philadelphia and Philadelphia International Airport. The prestigious address also has proximity to a host of surrounding amenities including the nearby East Gate Square and Monmouth Mall shopping centers, numerous restaurants, and first-class hotels.
Jones Lang LaSalle Managing Director Brian Knowles and Executive Vice President Rick Widerman represented Destination Maternity Corporation in the transaction. Keystone was represented in-house by Senior Vice President Richard Gottlieb and Mid-Atlantic Regional Director Scott Paymer.
About Keystone Property Group
Keystone Property Group is a leading real estate investor and developer, with offices located in Bala Cynwyd, Pa.; Chicago, Ill.; Miami, Fla.; and New York, NY. Keystone also sponsors and manages a series of opportunistic real estate investment funds. Keystone creates value for its investors through development, redevelopment, financing, leasing, property management and asset management. The company has been recognized by Inc. 500 magazine, the Entrepreneurs' Forum and the Wharton Small Business Center, and several of its projects have earned "Best Real Estate Awards" from the Philadelphia Business Journal and BOMA (Chicago). For more information, please visit www.keystonepropertygroup.com.


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Abstracts and Papers
- Details
- Last Updated on Friday, 17 February 2012 06:33
Selection of papers to be presented at the Conference and published in the collection of conference papers will be carried out on the basis of abstracts. Each paper will have no more than 3 coauthors. Each authors of the paper will pay the registration fee. Each author can present maximum 2 papers. Each abstract will be assessed by three independent evaluators. Those abstracts which receive positive opinion will be published in conference abstracts book. Upon receiving positive reviews the authors will be given instructions for paper writing.
Deadline for submission of abstracts: 26th March 2012
Authors will receive feedback by 16th April 2012 at the latest
Abstracts, as well as Registration forms, should be sent to the following e-mail address:
Instruction for abstract writing
- Abstract length (without the title, information about the author and key words) – maximum 300 words
- An abstract should contain three mandatory parts:
- A clearly stated objective of the paper, analysis, research
- Methodology used
- Main results of the analysis, research
In the abstract beginning from the top: the title of the abstract, capital letters (uppercase), bold, Times New Roman 14; leave out one line under the title, then state in Times New Roman 12, bold:
- academic title (appellation) of the author, first and last names,
- institution, city, country,
- e-mail address
- (same for the other authors).
Key words are to be listed at the end of the abstract (Keywords: minimum three, maximum five; justified)
- Font – Times New Roman, 12
- Space – single
- Justified text
- The file name of your abstract should be yourlastname.doc
Table for abstract evaluation
|Evaluation aspect
|Objective of the paper, analysis or research is clearly stated
|Methodology used for doing analysis or research is clearly stated
|Some of the main results of the analysis or research are stated in the abstract
|The problem/issue relevant to the conference topic is covered in the abstract
|The abstract is technically prepared on the basis of the given instructions
|Total score
1 = No
2 = Partially
3 = Completely
If an abstract is awarded a total score of less than 33 by three independent evaluators, it will not be accepted for the Conference.


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Download the authoritative guide: Enterprise Data Storage 2018: Optimizing Your Storage Infrastructure
The model is especially flawed if disk performance and utilization improves. When measured at the cost for bandwidth in $/GB/s, some consumer SSDs can get as low as $550/GB/s, but the average is between $1,000/GB/s and $1,750/GB/s.
Table1: Consumer SSD, Enterprise SSD, and HDD Comparison
*C – SSD devices are consumer SSDs, E – SSD devices are enterprise SSDs. Enterprise SSDs are colored for reference.
**All data and information was collected from manufacturer or product datasheets and publications.
Table2: Consumer SSD, Enterprise SSD, and HDD Comparison
*Prices were collected from vendor information and product prices from third party vendors and reviews. Storage and power data was collected from vendor and product datasheets and marketing papers.
**$/GB, $/GB/s, W/GB, and W/GB/s were developed based on information already available for products in this table and the previous table.
Enterprise SSDs are entirely different as the cheapest enterprise SSD had a cost of $1,303/GB/s and the average ranged from $3,200/GB/s to $4,200/GB/s. By comparison, Seagate's Terascale 4TB HHD has a bandwidth cost of $1,438/GB/s and the Enterprise 15K 2.5" HDD has a bandwidth of about $1,000/GB/s. It is necessary to note that "bandwidth" for SSDs was measured using sequential read data, which is almost universally the best performance figure for SSDs, while HHD bandwidth was measured using average read/write times from the disk, not necessarily best performance data. As a result, real $/GB/s are probably higher for SSDs depending on the read/write workload, and will always increase with greater write workloads. As a result, SSDs do not necessarily provide an advantage or cost reduction when costs are measured in bandwidth, or $/GB/s, especially if dealing with enterprise SSDs or write-heavy workloads where wear-leveling overhead can significant increase the cost of the device to meet long term reliability requirements.
Table 3--Enterprise Hard Drive Comparison
Table 4--Enterprise Hard Drive Comparison
*Performance numbers based on average sequential read and write rates from product datasheets.
** $/GB, $/GB/s, W/GB, and W/GB/s were developed based on information already available for products in this table and the previous table.


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Until now, the only way to use Apple Pay has been to tap your iPhone at a point-of-sale terminal with a linked American Express card. Online retailer Catch of the Day has added Apple pay as a payment method for its online store.
Using the free Catch of the Day app, you can now set your payment method to Apple Pay. When the time comes to pay for your transaction, you simply use Touch ID to make the payment.


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Most lenders would agree that, up until the end of 2007 or so, consumers generally followed a traditional payment hierarchy. In times of financial distress, a consumer would typically stop paying a credit card first, an auto loan next and a mortgage last. Over the past five years, an interesting shift in this payment hierarchy has been observed. It is important for lenders to understand those forces influencing consumer behavior, so they can engage their customers and prospects effectively and to mutual benefit — particularly when the environment continues to challenge both lenders and consumers alike.
The traditional payment hierarchy was not random. Rather, it developed due to clear forces in the marketplace. To begin with, credit cards were readily available. Having one credit card closed due to nonpayment might make access to additional credit cards more expensive, but would not generally reduce that access materially. There also was generally no physical consequence of credit card default. In contrast, auto loan default and home foreclosure both lead to repossession.
Consider also that the traditional down payment for a home was 20%. Most consumers had to work for years to save enough to meet that goal. Thus, homeownership was both a financial achievement and a psychological achievement. And remember, the social stigma of foreclosure was significant. In short, there were compelling reasons the average consumer would choose to default first on a credit card and only as a last resort on a mortgage.
To understand the change in the payment hierarchy, we developed a study that incorporated quarterly data on over five million consumers from Q2 2007 through Q4 2011. The analysis of mortgage and bankcard delinquency trends cover this entire time period, while auto loan data was incorporated as of Q1 2011 through the end of the year.
When analyzing the ratios of consumers delinquent on one of the three primary products versus the others, we found that in Q1 2008 the percentage of consumers current on bankcards but delinquent on mortgages surpassed the percentage of consumers current on mortgages but delinquent on bankcards. This "flip" in the traditional payment hierarchy is representative of a change in how consumers choose to pay their debt obligations. We found that this payment hierarchy reversal has persisted at least two and a half years after the end of the recession and for four years in total.
The story becomes even more interesting when auto loans are included. Of those consumers who were 30-plus days past due on only one of the three primary products, only 9.5% were delinquent on an auto loan while current on their credit cards and mortgages. 17.3% were delinquent on a credit card only, while 39.1% were delinquent on a mortgage only. Clearly, the payment preference for consumers with all three loan types is to prioritize auto loans ahead of their mortgages and bankcards.
What drove this change? One contributing factor is that credit card lenders became much more conservative in their underwriting standards, so cards were harder to acquire. Concurrently, auto values became stronger, while home equity has largely evaporated. Foreclosure has become far more socially acceptable. Perhaps most importantly, unemployment has been stubborn, stimulating the need for credit card liquidity to make ends meet.
We found that the preference to pay credit cards ahead of mortgages is strongly correlated to both unemployment and home value depreciation. This correlation to economic factors is actually encouraging news. It implies that changes in customer preferences and performance can be explained. It also implies that once the drivers of the hierarchy reversal abate, consumer preferences are likely to revert to the traditional prioritization.
The conventional wisdom has always been that consumers will pay their mortgages first when faced with financial distress. The results of this analysis show that the traditional payment hierarchy has changed, and for understandable reasons. Lenders using historical payment models to set strategy or, even worse, relying on experience and intuition rather than data-driven analytics, risk both significant exposure on their existing loan portfolios and the loss of acquisition opportunities when consumer preferences inevitably shift again.
Ezra Becker is vice president of research and consulting in the financial services business unit of TransUnion. Matt Komos is formerly a senior solutions consultant in the analytical services group at TransUnion.


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Turn cellular data on or off
You can turn cellular data on or off to limit apps and services from using the cellular network to connect to the Internet. When cellular data is on, apps and services use your cellular connection when Wi-Fi isn't available. As a result, you might be charged for using certain features and services with cellular data. Contact your carrier for more information about possible charges.
To turn cellular data on or off, go to Settings, then tap Cellular or Mobile Data. If you're using an iPad, you might see Settings > Cellular Data.
Depending on your carrier and device, you might have additional options listed under Cellular Data Options:
- Enable LTE, 4G, or 3G. You can select what type of network connection to use for voice and data. Learn more about these options.
- Turn Voice Roaming on or off: With CDMA networks, you can turn off Voice Roaming to avoid charges from using other carrier's networks.
- Turn Data Roaming on or off: When you're traveling internationally, you can turn off data roaming to avoid roaming charges. If you have an international data plan, you may need to keep Data Roaming on. Learn more about traveling internationally with your iPhone or iPad.
Depending on your carrier, data roaming might be used if you travel domestically. Contact your carrier for more information about your data roaming policy or other cellular data settings.
View how much data you're using
To see how much cellular data that you've used, go to Settings, then tap Cellular or Mobile Data. If you're using an iPad, you might see Settings > Cellular Data instead.
To see how much cellular data an app is using, scroll down to find the app. If you don't want an app to use cellular data, you can turn it off for that app. When cellular data is off, apps use Wi-Fi for data.
To see the cellular data usage for individual System Services, go to Settings, then tap Cellular or Mobile Data. Then scroll to the bottom of the screen and tap System Services. Cellular data can't be turned on or off for individual System Services.
Depending on your carrier, you may see overall cellular data usage displayed on this screen. If you don't have this option, or have questions about your data usage, contact your carrier.
Get help
- If you still can't connect to a cellular network, learn what to do.
- If you use an Exchange ActiveSync account, it might continue to use cellular data even if you turn it off for Mail and Calendar. To see the cellular data usage of your Exchange ActiveSync account, go to Settings > Cellular > System Services.
- You can use Wi-Fi Assist to automatically switch to cellular when you have a poor Wi-Fi connection.