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What beer does for your spirits, The Beer Café does for your soul. Beer isn't pretentious, it is an age old unifier, that transcends culture and class to bring people together – be it friends who want to catch a game, a manager who wants to applaud the team's win or a family looking to unwind over light-hearted banter. Every pint is a celebration. And that's what The Beer Café is all about – discovering an unconditional #LoveForBeer and letting it take over.
Founded in 2012 by Rahul Singh with a vision to stimulate communities towards a fun and responsible drinking culture, The Beer Café is the largest, fastest-growing, and the most profitable alco-beverage service brand in India, pouring over 50 plus brands from 20 countries including popular premium brews like Shepherds Neame, Fullers London Pride, Hoegaarden, Erdinger and Murphy's. And in instances, when you're not feeling beery, there's not a few but over 40 cocktails to explore spanning across some crazy concoctions like curry leaves, exotic Japanese fruits, elder flower and lassi! Not only is it an absolute paradise for the palate but a treat for the eyes too. It's light, cheery ambience, easy couches, quirky artifacts, and tastefully done interiors are hard to miss. From billboard hits to peppy chartbusters, from classic rock to thriving live band performances, The Beer Café is a delight for music buffs across the country.
The delectable food menu spans from sweet to savory. Be spoilt for choice and pick from the very Indian 'Koliwada Chicken' to the very international 'Chicken Olivetti'. The taste buds take on a gourmet journey from rich juicy sliders and meats to artfully done pizzas and pastas. Let the Brew Crew suggest the right brew style to pair with your food choice, for it's a belief, there's a soul mate for every brew!
Its legacy of innovation can be seen in the way The Beer Café has been redefining the 'beering' experience in the country. The brand introduced India's first PYOB (Pour Your Own Beer) at DLF Place, Saket; Biggie, Connaught Place – to provide beer lovers a unique interactive experience accessible through the mobile app. Digital wall-mounted screens behind glorious silver taps that tempt one into pouring some liquid sunshine into a pre-chilled mugs make for the perfect pouring experience. Playing one's own 'pourtender' comes with the added benefit of no service charge on the invoice.
And then there's the app itself. Of course, The Beer Café has a mobile app. How else will its devout 'beerholics' access latest updates, connect with friends, check event listings and menu updates, and benefit from promotional offers? Another feather from the hat is its proprietary customer loyalty program, Brew Miles, which allows customers to scan their bills and earn redeemable points – one point per rupee spent – that can then be conveniently redeemed against a variety of rewards listed in the app's Redeem section.
Elevating the love for the brew to another level, The Beer Café has also introduced a new line of merchandise comprising over 30 branded products. Spanning across categories such as gaming, gadgets, décor, glassware, personal and office products, this spirited range of products is christened BeerOSphere and has everything from the quirky and the unusual to the handy and the utilitarian. The Beer Café also offers a co-working solution to emerging entrepreneurs under Brew Works, which provides all the infrastructural services to give wings to dreams.
Having achieved profitability, The Beer Café is now looking to enhance its pan-India footprint and further consolidate its position as the category leader in the $7.1 billion Indian beer market by rapidly expanding its operational scale. The brand is looking to add to its current array of 35 outlets across 12 cities, targeting 150 operational outlets by 2022. The Beer Café now plans to launch its services on a global level and is looking to soon introduce its own brand of beer. If all this isn't adequate to raise the spirits of beer-lovers, what is?


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Baust Stanztechnologie in the metal industry
Individual solutions in all areas of punching: sheet metal, steel, stainless steel, aluminium non-ferrous metals
The rotary punching machines of Baust Stanztechnologie provide optimum results in the metal industry. Here, the rotary punching machines operate as independent production units, but they can be easily integrated into existing or new production lines. Baust considers itself to be an expert in all areas of punching. Metal as well as sheet metal, steel, stainless steel, aluminium or non-ferrous metals are processed efficiently.
The benefits of our rotary punching machines in the metal industry
With our rotary punching technology, you can achieve considerable advantages in competition in processing continuous materials compared to conventional piston-operated punching machines. For example, material thicknesses up to 3.0 mm can be rotary punched. High production speeds of up to 200 m/min can be achieved with the technology. This means that rotary punches work up to five times faster when compared to piston-operated punching machines. In addition, there are only low cutting forces in the rotary punching process. Hence, a considerable amount of energy is saved with the shearing cut process. From a production-related perspective, it is very advantageous that with rotary punching technology - in contrast to piston-operated punching - continuous processing is possible in the line. That way the production process is not impeded, rather it keeps pace with the rotary punching.
Characteristic features of our punching machines
Our rotary punches meet the highest standards and optimise your production process through quality, precision and individually settable solutions.
- production speeds up to 200 m/min
- continuous processing
- low space requirements
- no special floor foundation necessary
- no noise protection required
- fast tooling times
- low energy consumption
- Punching metal up to 3mm
Applications of Baust rotary punches
The development of intelligent solutions for different industry sectors was the goal of many years of research work. Today, Baust offers rotary punching machines and punching tools for the following areas: dry construction, construction, electrical, shelving and storage systems, roller shutters and venetian blinds, contract profiles. Our products are beneficial to you in processing continuous materials in connection with the processing speed and efficiency. If you are looking for problem solutions in your industry sector, then please contact us.
Videos of Baust Stanztechnologie: Punching metal
You will get an overview of the different applications and punching machines in our videos. You will see our rotary punches in use and can see their productivity for yourself.
We delivery solutions in the area of punching in the metal industry
With its rotary punching machines the metal industry, Baust Stanztechnologie offers exemplary solutions in all areas of the topic of punching. Metals such as sheet metal, steel, stainless steel and aluminium can be processed with rotary punches even up to a material thickness of 3.00 mm.
If you would like to request an individual offer or if you have questions about our punching technology, the Baust team would be happy to advise you. Call us or make use of our contact form for your request.

subset: commoncrawl


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Product Details
ShopResponse time: A few hrs.Response rate: 88%
Listing categoryMaterialQuantityDown to the last 1
Whisker Graphics for the establishment of the US brand in 2008,
With the name of Divine Twine these seemingly delicious cotton thread into the market.
In addition, Whisker Graphics there are many hand-made peripheral products, such as paper bags, stickers, labels, etc.,
You can personally gift, so that people receive the gift feel the warmth of the temperature.
There are no major information about the following. As saying 0 - Wallpaper 16 to Trade ID Description:
Product information
Brand: United States Whisker Graphics
Product Name: Divine Twine
Style: Rasberrylemon
Contents: 1 in (bare)
Size: about 5x10.5 (cm)
Full length of about 240 yards (1 yards = 91.44 cm)
Material: 100% cotton
Origin: USA
There are no major information about the following. As saying 0 - Wallpaper 16 to Trade ID Description:
The The new Divine Twine paper is black, as shown in the figure
The The picture may be due to shooting the light source, color temperature or screen settings are different color,
Actual colors are subject to prevail. Please do not buy ~
The This page is shown in Figure 1, does not contain other goods or shooting props.
The This product is consumable, sold that is not Returns.
Origin / manufacturing method
Made in USA
Taiwan shipping
Options Shipping fee To Pinkoi Forwarding Center US$ 1.87 Each additional item US$ 0.00 Free shipping in Taiwan for orders over US$ 33.97
- Int'l shipping
Ship from: Taiwan Ship to: 1st item 2nd item USA US$ 5.38 US$ 2.72 United Kingdom US$ 5.38 US$ 2.72 Macau Pay S/H on arrival Australia US$ 4.42 US$ 2.72 Singapore US$ 4.42 US$ 2.72 Hong Kong Pay S/H on arrival Malaysia US$ 4.42 US$ 2.72 Germany US$ 5.38 US$ 2.72 Japan US$ 4.42 US$ 2.72 South Korea US$ 4.42 US$ 2.72 mainland China Pay S/H on arrival Other countries/regions US$ 5.38 US$ 2.72
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text:
It's Trivia day!!!!
And it's also game 3 of the NLDS featuring our boys the NY Mets!
To celebrate, I've been asked to do a round on them!
So this week our request round will be …NAME THAT MET.
Make sure you study up, or bring at least one die hard fan boy with you tonight cause its gunna get Metty!
As always it's free to play and there will be great prizes showered on the winners, like free booze (not actually showered on the winners), Bonnies Hot Wings (not actually showered on the winners) and more!!! (Maybe showered on the winners)
So make your way down to The Gate tonight at 8pm!!!
Trivia, Mets-Dodgers Game 3 Tonight!
It's Trivia day!!!!


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Mealey's (August 12, 2015, 2:32 PM EDT) -- ST. PAUL, Minn. — The Eighth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals on Aug. 11 affirmed a lower federal court's ruling that there is no coverage under a general liability insurance policy for a $5 million lawsuit alleging that a manufacturer insured's vinyl adhesive product was defective, finding that a 2008 spreadsheet between the insured and the underlying claimant "cannot reasonably be understood as anything other than a demand for relief" (Ritrama, Inc. v. HDI-Gerling America Insurance Co., No. 14-3392, 8th Cir.; 2015 U.S. App. LEXIS 14018)....
No Coverage For Defective Vinyl Adhesive Product Claims, 8th Circuit Affirms
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I wanted to post an easy and quick homemade treat idea for the holidays for those of you looking for something a little different.
There are some amazing cookie recipes, various loaves- Gingerbread, Snickerdoodle and so on, fudge and candies… but what about something that everyone likes that is just a little different for the holidays?
Ice cream. Ice cream is crazy easy to make, absolutely delicious and comes together in a fun package for gift giving this holiday season.
I had to have a winter-y holiday flavor, so I came up with this Peppermint Bark recipe featuring vanilla ice cream, crushed candy canes, white chocolate and chunks of milk chocolate.
It is seriously good and a guaranteed hit with your friends and family. You can totally make this ahead and freeze or keep this in the freezer for quick and easy last minute gifts. Yeah!
I have two recipes for you below. One recipe is no churn- meaning you can mix this up with just a hand mixer or Kitchenaid and you don't need an ice cream machine.
The second recipe is using an ice cream machine. I find that the actual ice cream machine recipe is more flavorful and rich and just has a lot more dimension to it. It really does taste like an expensive gourmet ice cream. Don't get me wrong, both recipes are delicious. If you have an ice cream machine it is worth digging it out. If you love ice cream, well. You might consider buying one and making your own treats all year long.
Ready to get started?


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Sources of American Law: An Introduction to Legal Research
(1 review)
Beau Steenken, University of Kentucky
Tina Brooks, University of Northern Iowa
Pub Date: 2016
Publisher: CALI's eLangdell® Press
Read This Book
Conditions of Use
This text is very basic. As a primary source of information it may be adequate if heavily supplemented with information from other sources and used a read more
This text is very basic. As a primary source of information it may be adequate if heavily supplemented with information from other sources and used a reference more than a teaching tool. It is the type of text I might use to reduce costs for students if I was going to produces a lot of my own lectures/exercises and handouts because it gives no actual sample on how to conduct a research project from beginning to end. It also lacks an index or glossary. The table of contents gives you a basic idea of the content, but the chapters are fairly spartan. It would be a good text for a general overview of the research process, but has no examples of research problems nor does it provide answers for the few exercises that it suggests. There are links to online exercises, but those require membership and may incur fees for the student.
I think the book is written in a fairly unbiased tone and did not notice overt errors. I do think that the text should include information about local jurisdictions and the local rules, UTCR, ORCP, OEC as types of law that need to be considered during research. I have had many cases that turned on technical/procedural issues, and I saw nothing about researching those primary sources or that they even exist.
I think the introductory chapters on the structure of the legal system will be relevant and not require updating. But the links in the electronic research will need to be updated likely if an interface like lexis changes its system.
The prose is lucid and well written. I found the tone and style inviting without being overly jargon/technical. If anything, I would have liked to see more technical terms in bold and/or put into a glossary/index to be able to be referenced.
I did not find any problems with inconsistencies. The framework was logical.
Given the type of book it is I don't think it would be a problem to assign chapters separately or pull out certain sections. However, the very nature of legal research requires a logical progression in understanding. So, I don't know that it would make sense to take things out of order that much. The book has a reasonable amount of subheadings within the chapters. However, I did not see a way to easily cut/paste the book and/or manipulate it outside of simply assigning individual chapters/readings. What I mean is that it was written in a fairly traditional way that I would expect a print text to be laid out. It did not have a presentation as if it was aiding easy modularity like I have seen in other OER or newer texts.
The organization and structure was logical. I would have liked to see a LOT more charts and/or figures to break up the text. Also, it would give a better visual understanding of the flow of research and how primary/secondary sources interrelate etc. Legal research is very complex and takes a long time to master. This book is primarily text with very few things separated out visually as charts/tables or even in bold--e.g. glossary terms.
It was free of navigation problems. When I read the book on iBooks it often cut text or charts and did not present well. In PDF form it was awkward.
There were no grammar problems that I noticed.
There were not a lot of examples that required cultural relevancy because it was mostly about the structure of the legal system, legal authorities and the process of research. I did note that the usage of he/her was interchanged when there was a universal pronoun used and I appreciated that.
I think this book represents a gift as it is OER and want to acknowledge the effort and time it took to create it. I don't want my comments to seem overwhelmingly negative because it is a good text. I don't think it is comprehensive or as useful as a teaching text.
Table of Contents
- Preface
- The United States Legal System
1.1 Learning Objectives for Chapter 1
1.2 Introduction to Researching the Law
1.3 Federalism
1.4 Separation of Powers and Sources of Law
1.5 Hierarchy of Authority
1.6 Concluding Exercises for Chapter 1
- Constitutions & Statutes
2.1 Learning Objectives for Chapter 2
2.2 Constitutions & Statutes
2.3 Life Cycle of a Statute
2.4 Using Codes
2.5 Local Legislation
2.6 Interpreting Constitutions and Statutes
2.7 Concluding Exercises for Chapter 2
- Judicial Opinions & Common Law.
3.1 Learning Objectives for Chapter 3
3.2 Judicial Opinions and the Common Law
3.3 Case Reporters
3.4 Digests
3.5 Subsequent Treatment of Judicial Opinions
3.6 Concluding Exercises for Chapter 3
3.7 Recommended CALI Lessons for Further Practice
- Administrative Regulations
4.1 Learning Objectives for Chapter 4
4.2 Delegated Rule-Making Authority
4.3 Researching Federal Regulations
4.4 State Regulations
4.5 Concluding Exercises for Chapter 4
4.6 Recommended CALI Lessons for Further Practice
Electronic Research
5.1 Learning Objectives for Chapter 5
5.2 Introduction to Electronic Research
5.3 Basic Processes of Electronic Research
5.4 Combining the Basic Processes for Efficient Research
5.5 Using Finding Aids in an Online Environment
5.6 Electronic Citators
5.7 Concluding Exercises for Chapter 5
5.8 Recommended CALI Lessons for Further Practice
- Secondary Sources
6.1 Learning Objectives for This Chapter
6.2 Overview of Legal Secondary Sources
6.3 Researching Secondary Sources
6.4 Concluding Exercises for Chapter 6
6.5 Recommended CALI Lessons for Further Practice
- The Research Process
7.1 Learning Objectives
7.2 Essential Steps of the Research Process
7.3 Common Research Concerns
7.4 Concluding Remarks
7.5 Recommended CALI Lessons for Further Practice
About the Book
At its most basic definition the practice of law comprises conducting research to find relevant rules of law and then applying those rules to the specific set of circumstances faced by a client. However, in American law, the legal rules to be applied derive from myriad sources, complicating the process and making legal research different from other sorts of research. This text introduces first-year law students to the new kind of research required to study and to practice law. It seeks to demystify the art of legal research by following a "Source and Process" approach. First, the text introduces students to the major sources of American law and describes the forms the various authorities traditionally took in print. After establishing this base, the text proceeds to instruct students on the methods they will most likely use in practice, namely electronic research techniques and the consultation of secondary sources. Sources of Law incorporates screencasts currently hosted on YouTube that actively demonstrate the processes described in the static text. Finally, the text illustrates how the different pieces come together in the legal research process.
Sources of Law focuses on realistic goals for 1Ls to learn in a relatively small amount of instruction time, and so focuses mainly on the basics. It does introduce some advanced material so that 1Ls can recognize pieces of information they may encounter in research, but it does not fully cover researching materials outside the scope of the traditional 1L course. As such, it is best-suited for introductory legal research courses for 1Ls.
About the Contributors
Beau Steenken joined the Law Library Faculty at the University of Kentucky in September 2010. As Instructional Services Librarian, he engaged in a revamp of the Legal Research curriculum as the UK College of Law shifted from an adjunct-model to a full-time faculty model of LRW instruction. He teaches two to four sections of 1L Legal Research a year and also coordinates informal research instruction of various sorts. Before coming to the University of Kentucky, he managed to collect a B.A., a J.D., and an M.S.I.S. from the University of Texas, as well as an M.A. in history from Texas State University and an LL.M. in Public International law from the University of Nottingham, where he also took up archery.
Tina M. Brooks received a B.A. in History and Spanish from the University of Northern Iowa in 2005, a J.D. from the University of Nebraska College of Law in 2009, and an M.S. in Information Studies from the University of Texas School of Information in 2011. She joined the University of Kentucky Law Library Faculty in July 2011 as the Electronic Services Librarian. In addition to her library duties, which include managing the law library website and the library's electronic resources, she teaches two sections of 1L Legal Research.


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I headed straight from dropping children off at school to the grocery store in my full winter ensemble: long coat, hat, fingerless gloves, and a red scarf for Valentine's Day. I sat in my warm car for a few minutes to compose a grocery list. I was attempting to remember all the things written on the list that I had forgotten on the kitchen counter at home. Piles of snow canvased the parking lot and several men were rushing out of the store with bouquets of flowers or helium-filled balloons.
One older gentleman stood out. He was tall and had a full head of gray hair. He looked distinguished in his long camel-colored coat and he walked with a slight limp. His cane, however, was hooked on his forearm as he careful carried a bouquet of red and white roses in his arms. I wanted to make sure he didn't slip on the slushy snow but didn't know how to navigate this without possibly upsetting his integrity. I walked closer to him and smiled instead.
"Well, someone is a lucky lady," I remarked, looking at the roses.
It wasn't until I looked up that I saw the sadness in his eye. He gave a half-hearted smile.
Clearing his throat, "No" he said, "No, I was always the lucky one."
He looked up as if in thought. I stood still, not knowing if he was planning to say more. He hesitated as if weighing whether he should continue. He began slowly, "We were married for forty-three years. I didn't want this one to go by without… without remembering. I'll leave them for her, on her grave."
I was in shock. I muttered, "I am so sorry, sir," and just stood there rather stunned as I watched him drive away. I didn't realize in the bitter cold that tears were streaming down my face. I hurried back in my car, back to my little safe world. I wish I had thought to ask him his wife's name. I wish I had just linked his arm and helped him to his car. Most of all, I wondered if I should have said anything at all.
Then I remembered what a grieving friend shared with me more than a decade ago. We were all young mothers then and we felt invincible, with our little ones bundled in our arms. My friend, Jill was pregnant with her second child when her mother suddenly passed away. I remember asking how she was doing. Jill said she wished people would just stop trying to hide her from her pain. "Friends and family don't want me to be reminded of my loss. They don't ask about my mother in case they might upset me, but you know what? I think of her every damn hour, every damn day! I want to remember and I want to talk about her and every good memory we ever made."
Pain stays with someone who is grieving forever. The degree of devastation and loss may change, but the pain, even if just a sliver, may still live in our heart. It can make it feel unbearable, though, when others don't include your loved ones who have passed on in conversations or stories. Remembering their lives and their contributions to this world and to us celebrates who we are because they lived and loved us. There will always be a "before and after" but somehow talking about those precious memories helps to blur the lines between sadness and loss and joy and love.
So on this Valentines Day in 2017, I pledged to continue to blur the lines, to remember to LOVE with my whole HEART and to continue to LOVE like there is no tomorrow. This way, I can be a "lucky one" too. xoxo


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Publication Date
[Excerpt] How many times have you attended a talk or read a paper on economic mobility and thought, "What you are talking about is not what I am interested in"? Not only do different people have different ideas about what economic mobility is, but they have different clear ideas about what economic mobility is. The purpose of this paper is to present the essential features of the different economic mobility concepts that are found in the literature.
Suggested Citation
Fields, G. S. (2010). But that's not what economic mobility is! [Electronic version]. Retrieved [insert date], from Cornell University, ILR School site: http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/workingpapers/154/
Required Publisher Statement
Copyright held by the author.


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Get up to 50 precent off on luxury eyewear, watches, and jewelry at the SM Privado Nationwide Luxury Sale on November 16 to 18! SM Advantage, SM Prestige, and Citibank cardholders also get an additional 20 percent discount, so it's really the perfect time to snag that pricey accessory you've been eyeing. There will also be freebies upon purchase of selected brands, so get shopping!
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The Science of Vegetation on Levees
Definition of Soil
Soil is a three part system/phenomenon composed of mineral and organic particles, air, and water-nutrient solution. The soil mineral particles are classified by average diameters – or texture-classes. The pore space between the soil particles is where the root hairs must grow. The water-nutrient solution is adhered to the surface of the soil particles, and will fill the pore space during rain or irrigation. After a rainstorm or irrigation, the water in the pore spaces slowly drains away by gravity, and pulls air (including oxygen) into the pore spaces. Plant roots must be able to metabolize all their functions within this environment. Soil texture influences all three components, and consequently the vigor of the plants growing on it. Soil texture composed of predominantly fine sand or silt-sized particles appears to result in the most vigorous growth by plants in the riparian zones in the Central Valley. Larger texture sizes – sand and gravel – do not have sufficient moisture in the pore spaces between the soil particles to support plant growth. On the other hand, the smaller particle sizes of clay may not have sufficient pore space to allow root hairs to grow between them.
(Above) Illustration of the relative diameters of soil particles.
(Above) (a) Close up of germinating root with root hairs. (b) Diagram of root hair growing in between soil particles.
(Above) Diagram of root morphology
How Plant Roots Grow through soil
Root Morphology. Plant roots are highly developed organs for collecting moisture and nutrients from the soil, and for providing physical support to the entire plant. The root tip is the location that most water and nutrients are absorbed by way of single cell root-hairs. There are thousands of root-hairs at the tip of each root. As the root grows through the soil, new root-hairs are formed. Individual root hairs on an actively growing plant function for about 1-2 days.
Roots are respiring organs and require for growth and development oxygen, moisture, nutrients, and space. Nutrients and soil moisture are required for internal physiological processes and for physical growth. Space within the soil matrix (between soil particles) is essential for the root to grow into. Where all four of these conditions are met, roots proliferate. When any one of the four is not available, root growth stops.
In perennial woody plants, root growth develops over the years into a characteristic architecture that must physically support the tree and meet its needs for moisture and nutrients. Most (90 percent) of the root biomass is located in the upper two feet of the soil profile (Shields and Gray 1994; UC extension pamphlet). It is in the upper two feet of the soil profile that the four requirements for root growth are met: the soil is mixed and loosened by invertebrates and rodents allowing oxygen and water to percolate into it and the roots to easily grow through it. A decades old tree can have horizontal surface roots many feet beyond its dripline. (Examples: Valley Oak with a three inch diameter horizontal root only six inches below the soil surface and over 100 feet from the base of the tree; Fremont cottonwood, two-years old from a cutting that was excavated by a flood had five individual roots that were over 25 feet long).
(Above) Plant roots can extend well beyond the drip line of the shrub laterally, but tend to remain in the upper two feet of the soil.
(Above) This two-year old cottonwood (planted as a cutting) was excavated by a flood and found to have five individual roots that were over 25 feet long.
From the above discussion, several conclusions fall out: Trees that grow on the levee will likely grow only into the surface two feet of the levee structure and not into the center where oxygen, moisture and nutrients are much less than at the surface. Thus, tree roots as a source for piping is suspect. However, with roots in the surface two feet of soil, the surface soil will be much more porous than compacted levee material. When flood water rises onto the side of the levee it will rapidly move through the porous soil and begin moistening the interior of the levee. On the other hand when flood water backs off, the levee will drain much faster because of the porous surface soil, and the plants will transpire moisture out of the levee as well.
Root systems reinforce levee structure (improved resistance to shear stress)
Definition of Shear. An action or stress caused by applied forces that cause two parts of a body to slide on each other.
In order to understand how levees are able to hold back flood waters that may be several feet deep, one must begin with examining the individual soil particle sizes that make up the levee structure. Historically, levees along Central Valley rivers were constructed of whatever soil or sediment material that was readily available, most usually sand from the bed of the river. However, sand (individual sand grain size ranges from 0.2 – 2 mm diameter) is not the most effective soil particle size with which to build a levee. Sand cannot be compacted sufficiently to prevent water from moving through it, especially when the water is under head-pressure, as during a flood. Smaller particles, namely clay (0.002 mm diameter) and silt (0.02mm diameter)- are more effective at enduring shear stresses compared to sand when they are compacted. The reason is that silt and clay particles are small enough and are of light enough mass such that the natural electrochemical bonding forces that attract the silt or clay particles to each other are stronger than the force of gravity that is trying to pull them apart. This bonding attraction is termed cohesion, and explains the stickiness of clay soils and mud that we feel.
Today, construction engineers seek out the "ideal" texture for levee construction material, which is composed of silt and clay sized particles that are then physically compacted during construction, resulting in a relatively strong, shear resistant levee. Plant roots will grow into the upper layers of the levee structure and bind together the soil particles, thereby increasing the shear strength (resistance to shear) of the levee. Tree roots form a network that functions as a web or net – similar to how we use rebar when pouring concrete - that holds together when under shear stresses. The presence of roots in the soil profile greatly adds to the cohesiveness of the soil particles that make up the levee. High cohesiveness means that much larger external forces (e.g. the weight of flood water on the side of the levee, the force of high velocity flows, or the force of the wind-generated waves) are required before the cohesiveness is broken, initiating shearing of parts of the levee. This is most commonly seen as slabs of levee sliding down the side of the levee during or immediately after high water due to the added weight of the saturated soil that is caused by flood water entering the levee. In levees composed of sandier material, wetting of the interior of the levee during prolonged high flows with water high on the levee causes the loss of soil cohesiveness. The levee becomes saturated as flood water moves by capillary action horizontally (phreatic water movement) through the levee and the individual soil particles lose cohesiveness. (This situation may be the cause of individual trees that windthrow. That is, the soil that supports the tree loses cohesion and the weight of the tree is more than the weakened soil can support.)
(Above) California Sycamore roots on a Kern River bank.
(Above) Roots in the soil can act like rebar in concrete to add reinforcement and stability.
Shields and Gray (1992) excavated trees and shrubs growing on a sandy levee on the Sacramento River, near the Sacramento International Airport, in order to determine the rooting patterns of valley oak, elderberry, box-elder, and willow trees rooted into the levee. They excavated trenches around the trees and shrubs and carefully mapped and measured the lengths of all roots in the wall of the trench. Results revealed that most roots occupied the upper 20 cm (8 inches) of the levee. Old root channels in the levee were full of sand from the surrounding matrix. Although ground squirrels occupied the levee, there was no evidence of roots nor rodent burrows that extended through the levee. Roots present in the surface layers increased The Factor of Safety for these layers well above that for levee material without roots. (Factor of Safety = increase in force required to shear soil due to presence of roots)
Vegetation composed of several species and many individuals growing on a levee will saturate the upper layers of levee with a network of inter-connected roots. The importance of this is that the individuals will physically support each other from the shear stresses from high winds or high flows. Wind-toppling of trees usually happens to isolated individuals.
Recently, researchers in Asia (Normaniza et al 2008) are studying the rooting characteristics and shear strength additions to slopes of four small tree species.
Vegetation Protecting the Surface of the Levee from Erosion
Waves breaking onto the side of a levee can erode the surface and eat into its' structure if given sufficient time. Waves can be generated by three causes: 1. Wind during a high flow event when the floodway is full of water can generate one to two feet waves that can cause significant erosion on the face of the levee. If the waves continue for a long enough time severe damage and weakening of the levee can occur. 2. Stream flows over certain bed geomorphologies can generate waves on the surface of the water that can move to a levee and break onto it. 3. The wave-wake of boats can be a major problem on some of the frequently used water ways, as in the Delta.
Woody vegetation on or near the base of a levee can function to break the integrity of the wave energy, causing it to dissipate before reaching the levee. Recently, belts of vegetation are being designed into levee construction with the intention of protecting the levee from wind waves. When the floodway is full, it is a large open expanse of water that provides a long fetch for wind to generate waves many feet tall. Waves of this size will erode the sides of the levee quickly.


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We have received confirmation of completion of the first burn. The vehicle is now scheduled to be out of range for about an hour, after which we will hear confirmation of the second burn.
© 2013 ILS International Launch Services Inc. | International Launch Services, 1875 Explorer Street, Suite 700, Reston, VA 20190, 571-633-7400


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Washington native, Robert Hess, is a founder of the Museum of the American Cocktail in New Orleans, as well as a rabid home mixologist. He is the brains behind the essential cocktail website, drinkboy.com, and a veritable font of information on all things boozy.
I cornered Hess last Sunday at the Great American Distillers Festival to talk about the Cocktail Museum, home mixology, and how to set up your own home bar.
PAC: Tell me about the Museum of the American Cocktail. How did that come about?
Robert Hess: The Museum of the American Cocktail is located in New Orleans, we just got through re-opening it. We started in 2004. It was concept that was already going through the mind of Dale DeGroff [a.k.a. King of Cocktail, of the Rainbow Room] and Jill DeGroff [saloonartist.com] and Audrey Saunders [legendary mixologist, Pegu Club, Manhattan]. We started talking about this and a lot us had stuff in our collections, whether it was books or paraphernalia or information, and we said, "Hey, we could open a museum, because we need something out there that illustrates the history of the cocktail."
Once you understand the history of the cocktail you can appreciate better the product sitting in that glass. So, it's no longer an alcohol delivery vehicle, but it's now something interesting—something that has a story behind it.
RH (continued): Within a couple of days we had the right contacts. There was a museum right down the street from where we were staying in New Orleans and there was a whole area where they needed to take stuff off the floor to catalog it. Rather than having this empty space they said, "Why don't you put your exhibits up here and have your museum here." This was the Pharmacy Museum. This was in August and by January we had the grand opening of the Museum of the American Cocktail. The next August, Katrina hit. We knew we were only going to be [at the Pharmacy Museum] for a year, so we were already planning on coming in in September and pulling our exhibit out to put it in a new location. Unfortunately the storm took away that new location; it was completely out of the question.
Fortunately, Ti Adelaide, who owns Cafe Adelaide and the Swizzle Stick Bar in New Orleans, is part of the Commanders Palace organization. They had a restaurant in Las Vegas that had a large banquet room and they said, "We can take the museum and put it in display cases around the perimeter of our big banquet room. You can have your exhibit there instead." So we were there in the Commanders Palace in Las Vegas. Unfortunately, Planet Hollywood came in and bought out the casino and the shopping mall that the Commanders Palace was part of. Commanders Palace ended up losing their lease which meant we no longer had our space. We spent the last year trying to find a location.
Back in New Orleans there was an organization called the Southern Food and Beverage Museum. Food and beverage, cocktails, they kind of blend together, so we ended up finding a location on the river walk mall on the waterfront of New Orleans, right next to the French Quarter, right in the heart of where everything is going on—all the great food and great bars. So, there's the Southern Food and Beverage Museum and we have an exhibit space within that. We have somewhat the same exhibit we had in both Las Vegas and the previous space in New Orleans, but with a bunch more stuff. We have even more things moving forward. We even have plans of rotating through the exhibit every six months to a year, refreshing everything in the museum.
PAC: What do you have on display? Are they mainly from your personal collections?
RH: The start off of it, basically we beg borrow and steal. I mean, we know a lot of people so I have stuff from my own personal collection, Ted Haigh, the curator, also known as "Doctor Cocktail" from Los Angeles, he's got a tremendous collection of old bottles and cocktails shakers and stuff like that. Steve Visakay, the great cocktail shaker collector, he's supported us with some stuff, as well Dale DeGroff. Lately, Ted has actually been able to start purchasing stuff for the museum, so a lot of things in the museum right now are actually owned by the museum itself, rather than being on loan from the various members.
PAC: How does a person get into cocktail history and home mixology?
RH: Everyone has a different story of how they get into it. Sometimes it's going in a bar and having such abysmal drinks that they think, "There must be something better than this," and start trying to find out what that something better is. Sometimes it's because they were a bartender in college and just wanted to learn more. Sometimes it's because their father was a bartender and they remember the drinks being so much better.
I got into it by way of a beer engine. I was in England in 1991 and saw a beer engine. Your seeing them more now, but if you go into a good brewpub they'll have their standard beers on little teeny spigots, and then they'll have their cask conditioned ales which aren't carbonated at all. If they're not carbonated then you have to pull the beer into the glass. So basically [beer engines] are man handling the beer. It's like those old water pumps.
I don't think there was anyone here in the United States with a beer engine yet. I said, "If I ever build a bar for myself, I'm going to put in a beer engine." So I started building a bar and I put a beer engine in and I said, "Gee, I want one those soda guns where you can just push the button and get coke or ginger ale or soda water, and I want an ice machine, and a glass washer, and all that stainless steel, and all those bottles along the back of the bar, and oh... I forgot about all those bottles." Suddenly, I've got to be able to know what to do with all those bottles.
I've got a strong chef background. It's just recipes, right? I began to make cocktails, and I was doing it from both books and the internet, which was just starting to come around at that time. I came across a website that was changing a recipe once a week and fortunately they were good classic recipes. So, once a week, I would log-on, find out what the recipe was for that week, go to the liquor store, buy what I needed and all week long, I'd just make that drink over and over—trying different things and looking at different books. I noticed differences in the recipes and I had to learn the differences in these products to really learn what was going on there.
After all this time I spent making my own cocktails at home, I'd go to bars and start ordering cocktails and they were shit. So I'd say, "okay, I'm going to focus on making cocktails at home."
One day, I was in Paris, at the Ritz, at the bar Hemingway where Colin Field is the head bartender. He was making a drink and I was like, "Oh my god this is the first drink I've had from a bartender that actually tastes good." We started chatting with each other and I said, "My god, this is a bartender that actually knows his stuff. He knows the history of the drink, he knows how to make them properly, and he can make drinks on the fly."
I realized that where there is one, there must be more. So, I came back to the states and made it a point to hit as many bars as I could, trying to find those bartenders who really understood it, who were trying to equate the concept of bartender to chef. I think that really helped a lot.
PAC: That trend of culinary cocktails, the bartender as chef, has been on the rise. Do you think this is a trend that's going to die out?
RH: There are a number of cities that I think are flagships for cocktails; New York, San Francisco, Portland and Seattle are the places where the cocktail revival is happening. I don't see it as a trend, I see it as a revival. We are finally rediscovering what can happen in a cocktail. In each one of those cities you have people who are focusing on the history, the classics.
Just like chef training, the first thing they really slam into you is the understanding of classic cooking methods, sauces, ingredients and techniques. If you tried cooking without understanding the classics, you might come up with something good—just like a million monkeys, with a million typewriters, in a million years, might come up with Shakespeare.
As long as bartenders are being grounded in the classics they can make a great Old Fashioned. They can make a great Martini that's not your dump and swirl dry vermouth martini, but it's a true Martini. Those are the drinks, simple drinks, three ingredients or less. Properly done, you can shock a person with how good a drink made like that can be. Anybody can throw a dozen ingredients into a glass and someone's going to say, "Oh, I love that fruity sweet flavor," or something. But as soon as they finish, they'll say, "Oh I'll have something different now." So, I think that the cocktail culture in Portland and these other cities, as long as it really stays true to the classics, can maintain the resurgence, rather than being a trend.
PAC: For the home cocktail aficionado, what would you say are the essentials for a home bar? Where should a person start?
RH: Probably the most important thing is going to be the gear. It's not a big investment at all. The last thing you want is something that's going to take a lot of money to get into. Go for something quick and something simple.
Get a Boston shaker. I personally don't like the standard three part shaker, also known as a combination shaker (which is a base a strainer top and a removable cap), partly because they are made really cheaply and they don't work that well. Another reason is that when you're trying to strain, the strainer doesn't work that well so it's just constantly draining out. The Boston shaker takes a little bit of skill to use properly because you wouldn't think that this glass and this mixing container are going to fit together and stay together. And if you don't do it right, they don't stay together. But I'd recommend getting one and playing around with it so you actually feel comfortable with it. If not, a combination works fine. Basically any sort of cocktail shaker you can use to chill your drink down.
I think you need a good strainer. I love the OXO strainer. It's a bit more expensive than those cheap strainers, like six or seven bucks, but I think it's a wonderful strainer.
You need a jigger. A jigger is really important; because you want to make sure you measure those drinks. I hate those hourglass jiggers. The standard hourglass jiggers that you see, they don?t even tell you what the measurements are. You just have a big end and a little end, and you don't know what you're doing. You can't measure anything but the full amount because with a conical shape. You can't measure half measurements. So again, an OXO, angled mini jigger, usually found in the measuring equipment in kitchen stores, is a wonderful jigger. The only thing that's missing on it is a 3/4 ounce mark. Other than that it's just a perfect jigger for use at home.
You also need a bar spoon and maybe a channel knife for garnishing. The key is that you want to be able to mix your drinks really well, either shaking or stirring, and you want to strain them into the glass.
The next thing that comes up is the glassware. The glassware is extremely important. I actually hate those large glasses, those 10 ounce glasses you can buy from Crate and Barrel and places like that. They are far too large. What I like to do is go to antique stores. You can find some glasses for between five and seven dollars a stem, which is relatively inexpensive, actually. Quite often, they are quite fancy. They don't have to match. It's nice if they're about the same size, ounce wise. They can be different, height wise, but you want about four to five ounce glasses, and that's it. With that you can have a ton of fun.
PAC: You don?t need a muddler?
RH: I don't think so. When I started out, no one was making muddlers. I just bought a wooden spoon and cut it off just above the shoulder of the spoon, so I had a bit of spoon end. That worked perfectly fine. But you can use all sorts of things. The main thing you're going to be muddling is mint in a Mojito or a sugar cube in an Old Fashioned. The ice muddle, where you're muddling through the ice, is a waste of time. All you're trying to do with that is something like getting the juice out of a lime. There are better ways to get the juice out of a lime. So some sort of juicer might be good to add. Other things you want will come up as you start making drinks. Rather than simply buying stuff sight unseen, I think it's better to know what you're trying to get.
This leads us to the spirits, which I think is one of the biggest flaws that people get into when getting into home bars. Early on, I made a couple of attempts at saying, "Hey, I have a Mr. Boston cocktail book and I want to make cocktails." So, I'd go to the store and buy a bunch of shit. And it was shit, because the good stuff cost too much. Then I'd run home and not use it, because I didn't know what I had and I didn't know how to use it properly.
So, my recommendation, for anyone learning to bar tend at home like a mixologist, is to pick one recipe that you know you like, like a Lemon Drop or Sidecar or Mojito or something. Go out and find a couple of recipes for that drink, and buy the ingredients you need for that one drink. Then, spend a week or two where all you do is make that one drink, using the variations of recipes and techniques.
Find out what works and what doesn't work. Do you need to shake it with ice? Do you need to stir it with ice? Is it better to use fresh lemon juice or bottled? Can you use sour mix? Try it all. Then, when you think you've nailed that drink, try another drink that you like and go on from there. One drink at a time. You're just spending a little teeny amount of money and you're having a great time with that one drink. After a few months, you've got a great liquor cabinet, you know how to use every single bottle in it, and you have a great recipe for every single bottle.
Also, what I did in the beginning, since I was buying stuff in the liquor store based on name and price, I'd ask, "Do I recognize the name and is the price cheap." The next bottle I'd buy when I was running low would be something different. Then, I'd do a taste test between the two and see what I liked better. Eventually you find what fits to your palate.
The most import thing to remember is that bar tending is like being a chef: you really want to understand what you are doing and why you are doing it. There are so many bartenders today who are doing things just because that's how they were taught. Go through different recipes. Find out what tastes better and why. The "why" is the important part.
Robert Hess also recommended the following books:
Joy of Mixology, Gary Riggen
Fine Art of Mixing Drinks, David Embry, Mud Puddle Books
(will be re-released in a couple of months on cocktailkingdom.com)
Mr. Boston, new edition
The Craft of the Cocktail, Dale DeGroff
Essential bartenders Guide, Robert Hess, Mud Puddle Books


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The Bank Alfalah Limited
Disclaimer: This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers. You can view samples of our professional work here.
Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UK Essays.
The basic purpose of this report is to illustrate and to give a view of what I did and learned during my internship program at HR department of Head office (North) Bank Alfalah Limited.
This report includes the wide range of information through which one can easily understand at what point the BAL (Bank Alfalah Limited) stands and its major workings that I have experienced.
It includes the background and the introduction of BAL and its evolutionary time period in Pakistan. To understand it properly, it also mentions the vision and mission statement. I have also included the information referring to the business operations of the BAL.
The business operations of BAL that I have been discussed in this report includes the SWOT analysis that is one of its most important part which covers almost all of its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities they can avail, and threats that they face according to my information and experience. I have also mentioned about its financial position in the market as well as it also includes the information regarding the market analysis and strategies of BAL and also explains its competitive strategies that can differentiate itself from its competitors. With all this data it also explains the overall business process analysis of BAL.
This report also throws a light on what I have experienced and done in the overall internship program and for this I have mentioned my all duties assigned to me during the internship, accomplishments and about the new knowledge that I have acquired. I have also added the information regarding the problems that I have encountered during the internship period at BAL. This report also illustrates the impact of my over all experience on my career.
BackGround of Bank Alfalah
Introduction to Bank Alfalah
On June 21, 1992 after the downfall of BCCI, the ministry of finance (Government of Pakistan) acquired its three branches and H.C.E.B (Habib Credit & Exchange Bank) was incorporated and commenced banking operations from November 1, 1992. According to the companies ordinance 1962, it engaged itself in commercial banking and related services.
After the H.C.E.B privatization in 1997 it was named as Bank Alfalah Limited (BAL). Its management with the collaboration of Abu Dhabi Group with its new technology and services carved a distinct position and captured a vast market share in a very less time.
Strengthened with the banking of Abu Dhabi Group and driven by the strategic goals set out by its board of management, the bank has invested in revolutionary technology to create an innovative and creative environment with an extensive range of new products and services.
In the influence of making its services accessible to the people, Bank Alfalah has embarked itself upon a rapid expansion program, aiming to provide the network that makes its services available at any time to any of its customers in all the major urban centers of Pakistan as well as trying to get international in coming period.
Today Bank Alfalah is operating all over the Pakistan with almost 321 branches in different cities. The total number of employees of Bank Alfalah in 2006 was 6,543 which at the present time has exceeded from 12000. The increase in the number of employees joining Bank Alfalah shows that people feel confident in Bank Alfalah as a prospective employer.
Besides being the most rapidly expanding bank in the market it also became the choice of many career focused individuals as it provides many benefits to them.
With the help of skillful management and under the strong leadership Bank Alfalah has achieved success in a short period of time and now it is trying to meet the needs of its customers today so that they can achieve the targets of tomorrow efficiently and effectively and to prove itself as the leaders in the market.
Vision 1
"To be the premier organization operating locally & internationally that provides the complete range of financial services to all segments under one roof"
Mission 1
"To develop & deliver the most innovative products, manage customer experience, deliver quality services that contributes to brand strength, establishes a competitive advantage and enhances profitability, thus providing value to the stakeholders of the bank"
Core Values
The core values are the values which hold the foundation of an organization on which we work and conduct our selves. These are the vital few values that all members of the organization are expected to use, live by and demonstrate on a daily basis while executing their work responsibilities.
Few of the core values of BAL are mentioned below:
Extreme Customer Care/Focus
Courtesy and Respect
Honesty, Integrity and Trust
Commitment and Hard work
Creativity, Innovation and Quality
Justice and Fairness to all Stakeholders
Open, Honest and Direct Communication
Provider of growth and equal opportunity
Business Operations
Organizational Structure 4
President (CEO)
Senior Executive Vice President
Executive Vice President
Senior Vice President
Vice President
Assistant Vice President
Officers Grade I, II, III
Clerical Staff Non Clerical Staff
Organogram of HRD
Board of Directors 2
A board of directors is a body of elected or appointed members who jointly oversee the activities of a company or organization. The body sometimes has a different name, such as board of trustees, board of governors, or executive board. Total number of BAL board of director is 7, mentioned below:
H.E. Sheikh Hamdan Bin Mubarak Al Nahayan
Mr. Abdulla Nasser Hawalileel Al-Mansoori
Mr. Abdull Khalil Al Mutawa
Mr.Khalid Mana Saeed Al Otaiba
Mr. Ikram Ul-Majeed Sehgal
Mr. Nadeem Iqbal Sheikh
Mr. Sirajuddin Aziz
Director & CEO
Management Team 3
Some of the major members of the management team of BAL
Mr. Sirajuddin Aziz
Chief Executive Officer
Mr. Parvez A. Shahid
Co-Chairman Central Management Committee
Mr. Shakil Sadiq
Chief Operating Officer
Mr. Talib Rizvi
Group Head
Retail & Middle Market, North
Mr. Adil Rashid
Group Head
Consumer Finance
Mr. Shahab Bin Shahid
Group Head
Retail & Middle Market, South
Mr. A. Wahid Dada
Group Head
Mr. Adnan Anwar Khan
Group Head
Retail & Middle Market, Central
Mr. Nadeem Ul Haq
Group Head
Technology & Operations
Mr. Mohammad Yousuf
Group Head
Mr. M. Iqbal Saifi
Group Head
Credit Monitoring
Mr. Arfa Waheed Malik
Group Head
Corporate & Investment Banking
Mr. Ijaz Farooq
Group Head
Islamic Banking
Mr. Bakhtiar Khawaja
Group Head
Mr. Yasar Rashid
Group Head
Audit & Inspection
Mr. Zahid Ali H. Jamall
Chief Financial Officer
Mr. Falak Sher
Chief Compliance Officer
Mr. Tariq Mir
General Manager
International Business
Mr. M. Mudassar Aqil
General Manager
Human Resource & Quality Assurance
Mr. Shahid H. Kazi
General Manager
Strategic Planning
Mr. Ather Shehab
General Manager
Establishment & Administration
Mr. Haroon Khalid
General Manager
Risk Management
Mr. Hamid Ashraf
General Manager
Legal & Company Secretary
Mr. Imtiaz Ahmad Sheikh
General Manager
Information Technology
Mr. Hamid M. Mirza
Head of Marketing
Mr. Nasim Ahmed
Head of Equity Portfolio
Mr. Umer Hayat
Head of SAM South
Mr. Muhammed Omer Dogar
Head of SAM North
Mr. Khurshed A. Khair
Head of Special Projects
Mr. Zafar Iqbal
Head of Treasury
Mr. Syed Hassan
Head of FI
Mr. Yawar Ali Gulani
Head of Systems, Policies & Procedures
SWOT Analysis 5
SWOT analysis includes strength, weakness, opportunity, and threats to any company or a business. Through this a company or a business can easily understand that being in a competition at what stage they are standing at the present time, what are their strengths that make them differ from other competitors, what threats they can face , what are their weaknesses and what opportunities they can avail in the up coming period.
Abu-Dhabi Group:
Talking about strength then we should know that BAL was one of the bank which stood stable during the reign of financial and economic crisis and its strength that made it stand firm under such disastrous circumstances was the support of strong Abu Dhabi Group. The Abu Dhabi Group (ADG) is one of the largest consortiums in the Middle East with diversified interest ranging from oil and gas exploration, hospitality services, telecommunications, banking and financial services, to construction and property development. In Pakistan ADG has made sizable investment that includes Bank Alfalah Limited (the fastest growing private bank in Pakistan), Warid Telecom Private Limited which has brought in an investment of US$400 Million into Pakistan, and a 51% stake in United Bank Limited (a leading bank in Pakistan with over 1,100 branches). ADG's overall investments in Pakistan have already crossed US$774 Million, making it one of the largest foreign investors in the country's history.
Trained Work Force:
The work force the BAL is using is one of the most efficient and effective group of people who are recruited through a proper recruitment and selection procedures according to the set standards of BAL. Working at the BAL's Head Office I have observed that all the officers working are competent enough to give their best according to their designations and assigned duties. The candidate selected for each designation is according to the preferred qualification. There are officers from grade 1 to 9 and the officer on each grade is according to its qualification and experience that is required by the BAL for a specific grade.
Growing Network:
One of the other feature that can be considered as its strength is its fast and wide growing network of branches as compared to other banks. BAL has expanded itself in such a less time that has reached to almost 321 branches with more than 10000 employees. If the bank keeps on expanding with this speed there are possibilities that it can become a Pakistan's leading Bank in the future.
Online Banking:
BAL is providing a facility of free online transferring of funds, which no other bank is giving.
Halal Banking:
One of the core strength of the BAL is its Halal banking service. With a strong market in Middle Eastern countries. This Halal banking can be included in strength of BAL as its accounts are linked to its conventional banks and this facility is not given by other Islamic banks.
In this world it's an obvious fact that no one living or dead can say it self 100% perfect. In the same way if Bank Alfalah have its strength on one hand on the other hand it also possesses some weaknesses. Some of them that I have observed during my internship program are mentioned below:
High Employee Turnover:
The key source and power of any organization includes its employees. As I have observed that the employee's turnover ratio is increasing and its increase above a level is not a good sign for the Bank. Some of the main problems that I have observed at BAL are mentioned below:
Most of the employees suffer from work burden
Uneven distribution of work
Not very timely promotions
Resisting New Changes:
Banks deposits have been increasing @ 30% which is a very healthy sign. It indicates that the Bank is in profit and that it can be a time for introducing new changes. Here new changes indicates towards adopting new technologies, services & products according to the updated conditions and needs of the customers, that can benefit the Bank Alfalah.
MIS System:
As I have observed that they have their own MIS software system that they use for keeping their data internally as well as externally. This MIS system has to be used much more efficiently and the employees should be properly trained to use it properly and efficiently. As during my internship my supervisor told me that they can take much more work from their MIS system as they are taking in the present time. The problem is that they have newly purchased it and it will take a little bit of time to take its full advantage.
No Employees Feedback:
Another weakness that I have observed in the internal environment of BAL is that there is no specific line through which an employee can give its recommendations or convey the problems he is facing.
As the world is changing day by day and with this change the opportunities never end. It's a saying that opportunities end only when u stop availing them. During my internship at BAL's Head Office I have observed that in this competitive era BAL possess numerous opportunities which it can avail to get itself in the line of world's best financial institutes.
Few of the opportunities that I think BAL can avail are mentioned:
Expansion of Network:
Even if BAL is running an extensive branch network growing strategy, and it has successfully launched many branches all over the Pakistan still it have to compete many banks whose branch network is much higher than BAL's branch network. The opportunity that lies here is that as BAL is one of the leading banks in the region and its clients are increasing day by day due to this they can increase their branch network much faster and easily, that is much beneficial for them.
Capitalize Information Technology:
One of the opportunities that is present in this 21st century is the use of information technology. BAL can avail the new services of IT and can create a service of its universal account as the foreign banks, to enhance its online facilities.
Halal Banking:
According to the world survey Islam is one of the fastest growing religion on this planet. Due to this region the advantage and opportunity that is present for the BAL is to spread its Islamic Banking sector towards the western region. With the growth of Islam in the western world, Bank Alfalah has the opportunity to expand beyond the middle east and into markets in the United States and Europe in order to offer Halal banking services. Bank Alfalah notes that Islamic banking is currently growing at twice the rate of conventional banking throughout the world.
Poor Economic Conditions:
Despite of the high risk and disastrous circumstances of the economic crisis Bank Alfalah is one of the banks which stood firm even in such conditions. It's clear to everyone that BAL was able to stand in such crisis but it cannot neglect the fact that economic crisis is one of the threat that can bring adverse impact to it.
Natural Disasters:
Natural disasters like floods, earthquakes, etc can also be added in the threats of the BAL, as it always brings disastrous conditions that can't be controlled and these things also affects the banking sector as it disturbs the economical conditions of the country.
Mushroom Growth of Competitors:
However BAL is one of the fastest expanding banks in Pakistan but it cannot neglect its already present as well as new competitors in the market. Till now total number of branches that BAL posses are almost 321. Few other banks in Pakistan are there which have more than 900 branches due to this reason BAL have to keep on the competitive strategies and have to keep its standard to compete its competitors.
Marketing Strategy
In today's contemporary business, marketing is the major tool to get in a competition and carve a distinct position in the market. As Bank Alfalah has number of competitors, it needs to have efficient marketing strategies to attract its customer's loyalty.
BAL basically emphasizes on its customers by creating a segmented market targets. By understanding the need of the specific segment they launch their product or service .i.e. if they are focusing on agriculture then they will first focus on the needs of the client related to this segment and then they will provide the service or product according to that need .e.g. Alfalah Zaraie Sahulat. In this way BAL first identify different segments of the market and then target each segment by fulfilling their needs.
Mostly for general banking BAL relies on Customer relationship management as well as Public relation.
Customer Relationship Management:
In CRM Bank Alfalah Limited tries to stay in touch with their customers by keeping them aware of the updated news as well as products & services that can be beneficial for them. Their main focus and goal is always on the satisfaction of the client and for that they try to keep the client aware of the kind of information that customer may need.
Public Relation:
In Public Relation BAL sponsors or helps other sectors of businesses that may be restaurants, shopping malls, hotels e.t.c by providing them financial aids and different schemes and packages for their customers. In return they get a good will as well as their profit. In Pakistan we can find many places where BAL is using its Public Relation strategy these places can include Hyper Star shopping mall, Mini Golf and many other businesses
Products & Services
As BAL have to compete its other competitors that's why it have to keep up its revolutionary and innovative banking by providing a wide range of products and services designed to suit the needs and preferences of their highly valued customers. For understanding their customers properly BAL arranges different meetings and focus on the customer care and relation management, from where they try to take information about the customers and their needs according to their segments. After understanding the needs of its customers it launches the suitable services or products. An overview to its products and services according to its sector is mentioned.
Consumer Banking
Current account
Current account includes three different kinds of accounts i.e.
Basic Banking Account (BBA)
General Account
Kamyaab Karubar Account.
Saving Account
Saving account is further divided in to:
Fix accounts
Non Fix accounts.
Fix Account:
It is further divided in to:
Alfalah Mahana Amdan (AMA)
AMA Plus.
Non-Fix Account:
It is divided in to:
Kifayat Account
Royal Profit Account
PLS (Profit and Loss Sharing account).
Foreign Currency Account
Safe Deposit Lockers
Consumer Financing:
Car financing
Alfalah credit cards
Alfalah credit cards are divided in to 3 types of credit cards that are:
Gold/Classic Card
Titanium Card
Platinum Card
Personal loan
Housing finance
Alfalah Zarie Sahulat
"The amount of money the customers pay for the product of a company"
As discussed before BAL offers different products and services to its customers. Pricing of product means the commission to be paid by the customers in return of services provided by bank. Different products have its own way of pricing and commission.
Commission paid for the services mainly includes:
Markup / interest
Bank charges
Fees and bank commissions etc
These charges and commissions are according to the prescribed Schedule of Banking Charges (SOC) that's keep on changing time to time and is issued by the bank periodically, generally after six months.
There are a lot of controversies regarding to the pricing of financial companies. Some scholars call the mark up received by the bank as the rent for capital while on the contrary some call it Riba.
Being in an age of competition there are numerous options for the customers to choose any financial company for fulfilling their financial needs. Promotion is one of the basic tools that differentiate one company from other. This differentiation can affect the customer while choosing any of the products of any specific company. These days the pressure of competition is so much increased that almost every company have to use promotion strategies to keep on moving in the market. The promotions ways through which BAL advertise itself and try to create its good will are mentioned below:
Electronic media
Print media
Electronic Advertisement:
As electronic media is very effective marketing medium due to its audio and visual aids that's why many banks including BAL use electronic media for its advertisements. As compared to other banks BAL uses less electronic media for its promotions but the ads that are made mainly emphasizes on "The Caring Bank", the message in its advertisement. For example the use of credit card of Alfalah by a couple when they ran out of cash and the father bought a car through car finance service of bank Alfalah.
Another electronic media they have used for their products advertisement is its website. That is made in a way that the customers can easily access and use it.
Print Advertisement:
Another way through which BAL advertises its products is the print media. Print media advertisements are mainly printed in English and Urdu newspapers around the Pakistan. And mostly the message these advertisements give is that what financial services BAL is providing. These Alfalah advertisements are so beautifully made that synergy Advertisement Company was awarded a gold award by the APNS (All Pakistan News Society) in 2004.
Bank Alfalah Limited uses its Public Relation management to sponsor different events specially the sports. In sports mostly BAL sponsors cricket tournaments in Pakistan. During the tournaments specially the cricket, millions of people are watching it at that moment and it's the best time for BAL to advertise its products.
"The activities a bank undertakes to make products and services easily available or accessible to the customers"
One of the basic objectives of the Bank Alfalah is always keeping their customers on priority by staying in their easy access. Almost 321 branches of Alfalah are running at the moment all over the Pakistan and all of their locations are geographically well positioned. BAL mostly tries to open its all branches near commercial areas which can be easily accessible to its valued customers. i.e. The Head Office Shahdin Manzil of BAL is on the Quaid-e-Azam chok Mall Road , infront of assembly house Lahore and this areas one of the most busy commercial areas of Lahore. In the same case all the branches are opened by going through the geographical measures that may suits the easy access of the clients.
Competitive Strategy
Competitors should always be studied with great care, because competitors can greatly influence an organization position. Bank Alfalah has a lot of competitors because in a short span of 5 year it has achieved what not many banks had achieved. This leads to competitions. Similarly Bank Alfalah keeps a tag on the competitors move or any other new technology it is introducing, because to sustain in the market, a competitor has to be viewed with a lot of care.
Major competitors
As the Banking industry of Pakistan started to grow, more and more banks including the international as well as domestic started to enter in the market of Pakistan. For Bank Alfalah it has to face both kinds of competitors domestic and international. The major competitors of Bank Alfalah are mentioned:
Habib Bank Limited (HBL)
Muslim Commercial Bank (MCB)
Askari Bank
MCB as well as HBL are the banks having more than 1000 branches all over the Pakistan and they can be included in the major competitors of the BAL. In the same case Askari bank is also one of the main competitors of BAL.
Being in the competition BAL have to stay focused on its goals as well as it have to keep an eye on the type of services and products other banks are giving or are going to give in future. The basic goal of the Bank Alfalah Limited is not to stay focused on the competition but to stay focused on the changing needs of its clients and due to these changing needs they have to use their innovative and creative ability to introduce new services and products according to the needs of the clients. This goal makes the BAL to enter in the market and that makes it compete other Banks.
Bank Alfalah Limited don't have any specific kind of strategy for any specific bank because it have to focus on overall market that's why it have to use the strategies and the policies that can survive in the market and fulfill its goals of making itself people needs oriented bank.
Basically BAL uses its offensive strategies as it introduces new products and services by the passage of time. As their main focus is always on their client, they try to understand the needs of their client and on the basis of these needs and requirements BAL introduces new services and products. BAL always tried to stay a step forward in introducing new products and in this pursuit it keeps itself focused on the market and the needs of the market.
Business Process Analysis
Bank Alfalah, being in the competition has to provide the updated services according to the needs of its customers. BAL is providing a wide range of products and services to its customers. As BAL is practicing general banking that is further divided in to Consumer banking and Consumer finance. The products and services provided by BAL are mentioned below:
Consumer Banking
Current account:
Current account includes three different kinds of accounts i.e. Basic Banking Account (BBA) , General Account , and Kamyaab Karubar Account.
Basic Banking Account:
This account requires 1000 PKR to be opened and for there is no limit for maintaining it. This kind of account is mainly used by students as it requires a less amount to open it and requires no capital to maintain it.
General Account:
This account requires 5000 PKR for its opening and 5000 PKR for maintaining.
Kamyaab Karubar:
It requires 5000 PKR for opening and 5000 PKR for maintaining this account. This account differs itself from other accounts by giving facilities as free cheque book , facility of DD (Demand Draft), Pay order, and CDR.
Saving Account:
Saving account is further divided in to Fixed and Non Fixed accounts.
Fixed Account:
It is further divided in to Alfalah Mahana Amdan (AMA) and AMA Plus.
AMA: This account is fixed for 3 years, it requires minimum 50000 PKR for its opening and up to 15million PKR can be deposited in it and it gives 10 % of profit on the deposit.
AMA Plus: This account is fixed for 1 year, it requires 100000 PKR for its opening and it gives 10.5% of profit .
Non-Fixed Account:
It is further divided in to Kifayat Account, Royal Profit Account, and PLS (Profit and Loss Sharing account).
Kifayat Account:
Its benefits are that its cheque book is free of cost. 10000 PKR are required for its opening as well as for maintaining it. On up to 1million deposit it gives 7% of profit but if the amount of deposit exceeds from 1million then profit with the rate of 5% is given on the exceeded credit. If in one month more then 3 with drawls are made then the profit decreases to 50 %.
Royal Profit Account:
Minimum of 25000 PKR required for opening and 5000 PKR for maintaining. Profit is given with the rate of 5%. If the deposit is up to 10 million then the profit rate is negotiable. With drawls can be made through this account.
PLS (Profit & Loss Sharing Account):
It requires 5000 PKR for its opening as well as for maintaining. It provides profit with the rate of 5% and if the balance is well maintained then the profit rate is negotiable.
Foreign Currency Account:
It includes both current and saving accounts for Pakistani as well as NRP's. Its opening requires cash in any currency that is equal to 10000 PKR.
Bank Alfalah limited, in association with MoneyGram, offers transfer of funds service to Pakistan. MoneyGram is person to person money transfer service that allows consumers to receive money in just a few minutes. MoneyGram is available in over 180 countries and in more than 190,000 locations worldwide.
Safe Deposit Lockers:
Bank Alfalah provides safe deposit locker facility to its customers for keeping their valuables like documents, securities and jewelery etc.
These lockers are maintained according to their size as small locker costs 2000 PKR per year , medium locker requires 3000 PKR per year, and large sized lockers requires 4000 PKR per year. In case of any theft bank insurance is up to 500000 PKR.
Consumer Financing
Car financing:
BAL provides the service of car leasing as well as financing. Now any one belonging whether to corporate or personal sector have the option to get their vehicle leased or financed by BAL.
Alfalah credit cards:
BAL also provides the credit card facility. Alfalah credit cards are divided in to 3 types of credit cards that are:
Gold/Classic Card
Titanium Card
Platinum Card
Gold/Classic Card:
We can call it a perfect card combination for all segments of salaried & professional individuals.
Titanium Card:
Alfalah Titanium MasterCard lets the customers pay for their shopping, travel, entertainment, meals and much more. With Alfalah Titanium MasterCard and PIN (Personal Identification Number) customer can withdraw any amount upto 50% of his/her assigned credit limit.
Platinum Card:
It is accepted at over 29 million locations in more than 200 countries around the globe and at over 27,000 establishments in Pakistan.
BAL has also introduced supplementary credit card, these credit cards can be given to any close ones like children, wife or to any one for using it.
Personal loan:
BAL also gives loan for personal use. Personal use can include anything related to customers personal life.
Housing finance:
BAL provides house financing services it includes
Financing for purchase of house
For maintenance of house
For construction of house
Alfalah Zarie Sahulat:
For the economic development of Pakistan BAL has designed Rural Finance Program named as "BANK ALFALAH ZARIE SAHULAT".
Their main focus is to
Provide reliable infrastructure for agri customers
Help farmers utilize funds efficiently and effectively
Provide farmers an integrated package of credit, supervision and technical knowhow.
Criteria used for the issuance of this kind of financing are:
The applicant should be an individual /entity engaged in Agri activities.
The applicant should not be a defaulter of the banking system.
The applicant must be able to produce proper securities acceptable to the Bank.
The applicant (individual / entity) shall be Pakistani / registered in Pakistan
The minimum and maximum age shall be 18 years and 65 years respectively (upper age limit relaxation considered on case to case basis).
Other criteria considered necessary on case to case basis.
Alfalah Bank also provides electronic banking facilities to its client. The services included are mentioned:
BAL provides ATM cards to its customers and the card holder can easily access to its account through ATM card from any ATM machine all over the Pakistan.
Phone Banking:
It is another E-Banking facility provided by the BAL to its customers. Through this any one can easily inquire about the amount of credit present in its ATM or Credit card or in its bank account.
Online Banking:
Through this facility customer can easily transfer its money to any other bank through online transferring.
Learning as a Student Intern
As a student intern many different kinds of tasks were given to me during my internship period. I started performing my duties on the given task from the very first day I joined HR department of BAL head office Lahore.
Documentation :
First duty assigned to me was related to the documents that the files of employees of BAL contained. This exposure to the files was a necessary for me as without this I would never know that what are the documents which come under process while working in HR department of bank Alfalah. My duty was to separate some specific type of documents from the employee files. The documents to be sorted out were: clearance certificates, antecedent certificates, termination letters and release forms of the previous jobs of the employee.
JD Forms Audit:
I was also given a duty to read and collect the JD forms of few employees and then I had to enter their JD form related data in the data base of BAL.
Physical Audit:
I was also assigned with the duty to do the Physical audit of the total number of employee files and then update the recorded data to the data base of BAL.
Confirmation of References:
In BAL each employee has to give atleast 3 references to the HR department through which the management can investigate the required information of the employee. Another duty that was assigned to me was related to the references given by the employees of BAL. My duty was to first collect all 3 references of the employee after that I had to confirm those 3 references from the employee and then I had to call those references to ask the specified information regarding the employee. The information included the employee's behavior, its capacity of working and its previous jobs description.
Contract Renewal:
Once my supervisor assigned me a duty to help out HR officer Ms. Shumaila. With her I learned about the contract renewal procedure of the employees who work on contract basis. My duty was to help her creating verification of contract renewal forms of some employees.
Loans Status of Employee:
I was also given a duty at the sub-department of HR department where I had to deal with the loaning systems to the employees. Duty assigned to me was to check whether the employee was previously given any loan or not.
Worked as an Information Officer:
I also worked at the recruitment center of the HR Department and I was assigned a duty to call the new candidates to give them the information regarding their test dates, procedures, and other information.
File Auditing:
I was also assigned a duty to do the file auditing of almost 120 files. In my audit I had to check that whether the certificates required by the BAL are complete or not.
New Knowledge Acquired
Learning at HR Department:
Through my internship I was able to understand the working and practical implementation of HR department in any organization. Without this exposure it would be impossible for me to understand the HR practical working in any organization.
Knowledge Enrichment:
This was a chance to understand the difference between professional and personal life. It gave me the knowledge about how to interact with others and how to react in different situations in the professional life. It also gave me knowledge that we should try to implement our management skills to manage a balance between our professional as well as personal life.
Practical Insight:
I came to know that studies on one hand teach us the way to survive in the professional as well as personal life, and many student after getting degrees think that they have accomplished what they had to and now they are ready for the professional work but when it comes to practical implementations of the studies in the professional working in any organization then at that time we need to have much flexibility and creativity to mold our education according to the situation and use our knowledge in the best way we can use. The situations and the problems that a person can face in the professional life are not always the same like one study in books. At different times and situations a person may face different kinds of problems.
Problem Encountered
Over all experience of my internship program was very knowledgeable as well as informative as my supervisor was cooperative enough that he didn't let me have any problem during the internship period, but during this period I had to face very few problems as mentioned.
New Environment:
First problem that I faced was to get absorbed by the environment and create a balance between my professional and private life. It was much difficult for me to accept the professional ethics and understand them. This took a little time to make myself adjust to the new professional environment.
Gap between Academic & Professional Life:
In the starting I thought that everything I experience and every task would be as same as I have read in books and learned at the institute. This was a kind of problem for me because at practical implementation many things are not like we read in books. I had to face a little problem in understanding few policies as well as the working conditions in the organization.
First time I got the opportunity to understand the professional environment and interact with different professional people. In between this period of internship I came through an experience of understanding some conflicts when people get interacted in professional environment.
How Experience Impacts my Career
My over all experience being an internee at Bank Alfalah Limited Head Office HR Department Lahore was full of knowledge and information. I went through different experiences and learned much. With the help of my supervisors I was able to get in touch with the professional life and was able to understand many complications that one can have in its professional life. During my internship program I came across many experiences. The experiences I had during my internship period have a deep impact on my future career.
Supporting for Career:
I got the opportunity to understand practically the HR field that is very beneficial to me as now I know that I have the caliber to choose this side in my career and now I can easily choose my field.
Knowledge enrichment:
Through my internship program I got the opportunity to get interacted with the professional life. I came across many professional people and I learned how to engage and react while having any problem or dealing with other people in professional life. It is very much beneficial for my future career life as it has given me the exposure of a professional life.
Skill Development:
I came to know that it is very important that we use our management skills and abilities to understand the environment around us and keep a balance between our professional and personal life. This experience will help me in both my career as well as personal life.
Practical Insight:
As I have experienced the professional life practically, now it is very easy for me to understand and live according to the ethics of the professional life style.
Currently the Bank Alfalah has almost 321 functioning branches and with its skillful management it is on its way to be one of the leading banks of Pakistan. Strategies and Goals of BAL have enabled it to continue its upwards climb in pursuit of excellence. Strengthened by Abu-Dhabi group and driven by strategic goals set out by its board and management, BAL increasingly inspires trust and confidence of all its clients and the number of clients is increasing significantly. The bank aims to further enhance the performance standards through implementation of innovation in both products as well as customer care. These achievements have been preceded by concerted efforts to provide highest level of service and values to its customers.
As nothing in this world can be said perfect; innovations, creations and needs keep on pointing the presence of excellence in every thing created by human. In the same case Bank Alfalah Limited being such an efficient and effective banking service provider can't be counted as the perfect bank, it still needs much changing and innovations to meet the needs of today and tomorrow. For this the BAL has its skilful management who works hard enough and tries its best to give the best service they can give. The main focus of all the management always remained to make the BAL one of the leading banks of Pakistan and with its fast expansion strategies and creative innovations there are possibilities that BAL achieve its goals of being the leading Bank in its future.
As I have observed and concluded the SWOT analysis of BAL, I can easily predict that in the upcoming period Bank Alfalah it can avail many new opportunities and with its strengths and healthy sign of profitability, it can easily lead its way to words prosperity, with its fast expansion of networks, it is not difficult for BAL to become one of the leading banks of Pakistan.
After completing my internship period at BAL there are few recommendations that I would like to give that might help increasing the efficiency of BALs operations and employees working. Few of the recommendations are mentioned:
Technological Improvement:
As the BALs deposit have been increasing by the rate of 30% that shows a very healthy rate this indicates that it is time that BAL should invest on its betterment of technology measures. It can develop modern connectivity architecture to effectively maintain an online connection of the branch with other braches as well as it can start its own web banking portal that any customer may use at any time.
Rationalize Work Burden:
As I have completed my internship in the HR department, I have observed that BAL needs much more employees than present. There is a lot of work burden on single employee and this work load affects a lot the performance of the employee, this indicates that BAL needs to recruit more employees.
Participative Management:
Participative management concept should be adopted, where ideas from the employees should be taken not only for the betterment of BAL but also for the moral satisfaction and good environment.
Cite This Essay
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text:
Smartphones' tracking features have caused a role-reversal; one woman observed her parents lie about dinner plans
Buried in a Wall Street Journal story about savvy young Americans using technology to get a one-up on their parents lies a tale of the Millennial family drama.
This generation of young adults is leading the anti-Trump charge. They're killing industry after industry, but keeping libraries alive. But most importantly, they're living with their parents, because, despite their education, they can't find jobs to keep them afloat.
So, the generation that matured in tandem with the internet is able to use their parents' phones to determine where their parents are at all times. And the Wall Street Journal looked at this trend, finding that there were a number of teens and young adults who were using this app for Ferris Bueller-like debauchery — throwing sleepovers for friends and cleaning up just before their parents were home, for example. But one story stood out, because it's just the sad tale of a couple — this woman's parents — who just want a cheap night out.
Alexa McDonald of Columbus, Ohio, discovered that her parents fib a bit. The 24-year-old call-center dispatcher's app revealed that, while claiming to be stuck in traffic, they were sometimes at a restaurant. "I never called them out on it, but inside in my head I was like, 'I'm hungry, I would have loved to have been included in that.'"
"I guess we've done that," says her mother, Claudia McDonald of Mount Vernon, Ohio. One reason: "Whatever the dish is, she always wants shrimp on it," she says. "It's one of the more expensive things on the menu."
Millennials are ruining family dinners.