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Field bus distribution unit
Field bus distribution unit
Patent Drawings:
(1 images)
Da Silva Neto
Date Issued:
April 6, 2010
August 29, 2008
Da Silva Neto; Eugenio Ferreira
(Biel-Benken, CH)
Endress + Hauser Process Solutions AG
(Reinach, CH)
Primary Examiner:
Cosimano; Edward R
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney Or Agent:
Bacon & Thomas, PLLC
U.S. Class:
Field Of Search:
International Class:
U.S Patent Documents:
Foreign Patent Documents:
Other References:
Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. "Cost and Analysis Cable Study using Foundation Fieldbus Instruments", Jan. 2002, XP002310659. cited byother.
A field bus distribution unit (VE) designed for use in process automation technology involving several field devices. The unit is equipped with a microcontroller .mu.C, which is connected to the field bus (FB) and transmits device-specific information of the field devices that are connected to a field bus distribution unit (VE).
I claim:
1. A field bus distribution unit for connecting a field bus with a plurality of field devices, comprising: a microcontroller, which is connected with the field bus; a reader module forchip-tags; and a distribution unit to which the field devices are connected via connecting cables, wherein: device-specific information for the field devices is stored in the chip-tags and, said chip-tags being provided by said cables to the fielddevices; the field bus serves for transmitting device-specific information of the field devices connected to said distribution unit; and upon query of a superordinated unit to said distribution unit, said reader module reads-out the chip-tag associatedwith a field device and transmits desired information to the superordinated unit, wherein: said microcontroller is connected with a GPS-module.
2. The field bus distribution unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chip-tags are RF/ID-tags.
3. The field bus distribution unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said device-specific information for a field device includes location information, order code, device history.
4. The field bus distribution unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: field bus works according to one of the field bus standards (HART.RTM., Profibus.RTM., Foundation.RTM. Fieldbus).
The invention relates to a field bus distribution unit for connecting a field bus of process information technology with a plurality of field devices.
In process automation technology, field devices are often used, which are connected with superordinated units via a field bus.
Field devices serve generally for registering and/or influencing process variables.
Examples of such field devices are fill level meters, mass flow meters, pressure and temperature measuring devices, pH-redox measuring devices, conductivity measuring devices, etc., which, as measuring devices, register the corresponding processvariables fill level, flow, pressure, temperature, pH-value, and conductivity. A large number of such field devices are manufactured and sold by the firm Endress+Hauser.RTM..
The superordinated units serve for process visualization, process control, as well as for interacting with the field devices attached to the field bus.
Examples of field bus systems are Profibus.RTM., Foundation.RTM. Fieldbus, etc.
Via the field bus, not only measured values but also a multiplicity of different kinds of information can be exchanged between the field device and a superordinated unit. Thus, for instance, device specific information can be stored in the fielddevice and called-up as required. Such device-specific information can include location information, start-up information, service information, etc. A storing of device-specific information in the field device is, however, only possible, once the fielddevice has been installed on the field bus and is ready for operation. The input of this information can, on the one hand, be done at the device itself, with the help of a display and keyboard, or, on the other hand, such can be done from asuperordinated unit.
As a rule, device-specific information (location information and start-up information) arises at the installation of the field device of concern. In this case, a technician must cumbersomely input this information via the keyboard at the fielddevice or e.g. forward such to appropriate operating personnel, in the case of the superordinated unit (control room). As a rule, the devices are not yet operational at the installation, i.e. they first have to be initialized. This means, however, thatthe mentioned information can only be stored in the field device after a delay. Because of this delay, it becomes possible that erroneous information becomes stored in the field device.
Likewise problematic is the storing of service information, when the relevant field device is malfunctioning.
Furthermore, in the case of a device replacement, all information stored in the device is lost.
An object of the invention, therefore, it to provide a field bus distribution unit, which permits device-specific information to be reliably available during installation, and in the case of replacement, of field devices.
An essential idea of the invention is to provide in a field bus distribution unit a microcontroller, which serves for the transmission of device-specific device information.
In order to be able to register, in simple manner, device-specific information, the microcontroller is connected with a reader module for chip-tags. Such chip-tags are widely used and serve for simple and cost-favorable storage of information.
In a basic example, the chip-tags are RFID-tags.
These chip-tags can be provided e.g. on the connecting cables for the field devices. In this case, e.g. location information remains available, even in the case of replacement of a field device.
The device-specific information can involve location information, ordering codes, device history, etc.
In a further development of the invention, the microcontroller is connected with a GPS module. In this way, the field bus distribution unit can be quickly and reliably located, and not all field devices connected to the field bus distributionunit need their own GPS module. As a rule, the location information of the field bus distribution unit is sufficient, in order also to uniquely locate the field devices situated mostly in the immediate vicinity of the field bus distribution unit.
The invention will now be explained in greater detail on the basis of an example of an embodiment illustrated in the drawing, the figures of which show as follows:
FIG. 1 schematic illustration of a field bus system; and
FIG. 2 schematic illustration of a field bus distribution unit of the invention.
FIG. 1 shows a field bus system in greater detail. Attached to a data bus D1 are a plurality of computer units, workstations WS1, WS2. These computer units serve as process control systems. They are used for process visualization, processmonitoring and engineering, as well as for interacting with and monitoring individual field devices. Data bus D1 works e.g. according to the Profibus FMS standard, or according to the HSE (High Speed Ethernet) standard of Foundation.RTM. Fieldbus. Viaa gateway G1, which is also referred to as a linking device or as a segment coupler, the data bus D1 is connected with a field bus segment SM1, which is composed, essentially, of a field bus distribution unit VE and a plurality of field devices F1, F2,F3 and F4. The field bus distribution unit VE is connected via a field bus FB with the gateway G1. The field devices are connected to the field bus distribution unit VE.
Via the field bus system, the field devices F1, F2, F3 and F4 can exchange data with the computer units WS1, WS2.
FIG. 2 shows the field bus distribution unit in more detail. The field bus distribution unit VE includes a conventional field bus distribution unit, which, beyond that, additionally includes a microcontroller .mu.C, a memory S, a GPS-module GPSand a reader module LM. The microcontroller .mu.C is connected with the field bus FB via a field bus interface FS. Additionally, the field bus distribution unit VE has four connectors A1, A2, A3, A4, which are connectable to the various field devices. Illustrated by way of example, is the connection to the field device Fl using a cable K1. Cable K1 has plugs, respectively S1, S1', at both ends. Plug S1 serves for connection with the connector A1. Plug S1' serves for connection with the fielddevice.
The function of the invention will now be explained in greater detail. Present on the connecting cable K1 is a chip-tag CE, in which device-specific information is stored. This chip-tag CE can be provided directly on the connecting cable K1, oron the plug S1. The chip-tags CE are passive units without their own energy supplies. Serving for read-out of the information stored in the chip-tag CE is the reader module LM. It transmits also the energy needed for the read-out. A transmission ofinformation between chip-tag CE and reader module LM is only possible, when the chip-tag CE is located within range of the reader module LM. As a rule, the chip-tag CE is arranged on the front end of the connecting cable K1, as near as possible to thereader module LM. If device-specific information is needed in the superordinated units WS1 or WS2, as the case may be, then a corresponding query is directed to the field bus distribution unit VE. Thereupon, the reader module LM reads from thecorresponding chip-tag CE and transmits the desired information.
In a further development of the invention, the microcontroller .mu.C is connected with a GPS module, which makes location-specific information available. As a rule, the field devices connected to a field bus distribution unit VE are provided ona special process component, so that the location information of the distributer unit is also sufficient for the location information of the connected field devices. In this way, current location information is available for all field devices F1-F4,without such field devices themselves needing GPS modules.
Additionally, the field bus distributer unit is connected with a memory S, in which all device-specific information can be stored. A significant advantage of the invention is that location-specific information, as well as device-specificinformation, such as e.g. device history, are not lost upon a replacement of a field device, despite the replacement of the field device. Also, the storage of the device-specific information is possible in the case of a field device which is not yetready for operation. The desired information is transmitted during installation of the field device into the corresponding chip-tag CE by a service technician using a writer module (not shown in more detail).
Additionally, the invention also contributes to an increased process safety, since information can be stored in the chip-tag CE for the attached field device. If an incorrect field device is attached to the cable K1, this can be easily bediscovered by comparison of the data stored in the chip-tag CE and that made available by the field device.
The invention enables, in simple and cost-favorable manner, both call-up and storage of device-specific data.
* * * * *
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text:
Composed by Per Kihlborg
Keywords: Animals, BBC, Blue Planet, Break Up, Brooding, Cry, Emotional, Environmental, Heart, Heartfelt, Journey, Landscape, Memories, Nostalgic, Reflection, Remembrance, Reminiscent, Reunion, River, Serenade, Serious, Tearjerker , Wistful
Unbearable LightnessBright, uplifting indie rock track in the style of Coldplay. Featuring prominent piano, shimmering synths, guitar, drums, bass. Shifts from airy breeze to rock style beat at mid point.
Keywords: Animals, Antarctic, Arctic, Blue Planet, Blue Skies, Cheerful, Coldplay, Environmental, Hollywood Romance Movie, Ice Melting, Journey, Joyful, Landscape, Light Hearted , Love, Montage, Radiohead, Rainy Day, Relationship, Slow Motion, Spring, Summer, Sunrise, Sunset, Sunshine, Uplifting, Vibrant, Wildlife Documentary
Healing NatureEmotive and thoughtful orchestral piece that conveys feelings of awe and wonder. With warm, lush strings supported by french horns and piano, it gently builds to a respectful and inspiring climax.
Composed by Jonathan Wright
Keywords: Alpine, Animals, Antarctic, Blue Planet, Environmental, Expansive, Fantasy, Film, Film Score, Ice Melting, Imagination, Landscape, Ocean, Spring, Whales, Wildlife Documentary, Wind, Winter
Garden of EdenAiry and light meditative track. Piano and harp with gentle horn and strings lines. Good pace and bright.
Composed by Rhett Davies
Keywords: American Beauty, Animals, Antarctic, Apollo 13, BBC, Blue Planet, Blue Skies, Brian Eno, Calm, Cold, Cold Mountain, Coming of Age, Country Estate, Delicate, Discovery, Environmental, Enya, European Films, Expansive, Expedition, Exploration, Film, Film Score, Floating, Frozen, Glaciers, Healing, Heavenly, Ice Melting, Indie Film, Journey, Landscape, Lucid, Maritime, Meditation, Montage, Mountain, Ocean, Otherworldly, Paradise, River, Safari, Sixth Sense, Slow Motion, Spa, Spiritual, Spring, Sprinkles, Water, Whales, Wildlife Documentary, Winter
StillnessThought-provoking and dreamlike, calm and Serene. Gentle, light piano chords with a minimalist structure.
Composed by Bob Good
Keywords: Angels, Animals, Antarctic, Arctic, BBC, Blue Planet, Blue Skies, Break Up, Calm, Delicate, Desert, Environmental, Film, Floating, Frozen, Gentle, Glaciers, Heavenly, Ice Melting, Landscape, Memories, Nostalgic, Ocean, Otherworldly, Paradise, Rain, Rainy Day, Reflection, Remembrance, Reminiscent, Romance, Sea, Silence, Spiritual, Spring, Underwater, Water, Whales, Winter, Wistful
Big Sky JourneyModern orchestral track with rhythmic strings intro building to a heart-warming brass/strings theme at 0:44, with a return to the original theme at 1:06, and a climax towards the end.
Full stem pack - All above stems included
Master track will automatically be added to basket with stem pack
Master track will automatically be added to basket with stem pack
Customise this track
Need a specific track length? Alternative version or loops? We can tailor this track to perfectly fit your project. Click to start customisation now.
Need a specific track length? Alternative version or loops? We can tailor this track to perfectly fit your project. Click to start customisation now.
Composed by Steve Buick
Composed by Jon Cooper
Keywords: Animals, Blue Planet, Brian Eno, Calm, Delicate, Discovery, Environmental, Floating, Freeze, Gentle, Glaciers, Ice Melting, Imagination, Landscape, Mark Isham, Meditation, Minimalist, Ocean, Relaxation, Sea, Sigur Ros, Silence, Slow Motion, Space Exploration, Sunrise, Underwater, Vangelis, Water, Wildlife Documentary
Amuse BoucheAffectionate and refreshing 1920s jazz for nine-piece combo. Light-hearted and easy going with sax and trumpet solos, piano and drums.
Soluble HopeUplifting, motivational track with bright piano, shimmering synths and a chillout beat. Intro builds to main beat at 0:54.
Keywords: Animals, Arctic, Beach, Blue Planet, Blue Skies, Boards Of Canada, Ceephax, Cheerful, Chilled, CNN, Crystal Castles, Discovery, Environmental, Expansive, Exploration, Hope, Ice Melting, Joyful, Rain, Rainy Day, Relaxation, St Germain, Sunrise, Sunset, Sunshine, The Similou, Thievery Corporation, Triumphant, Uplifting, Vibrant, Wildlife Documentary
TimeCinematic track with suspended strings, synths, piano and a big, prominent beat (at 1:00). Builds from a quiet intro into a meaningful and epic movement.
Composed by Aaron Williams
Keywords: 24, About A Boy, American Beauty, Animals, BBC, Big Ending, Blue Planet, Dramatic, Environmental, Expansive, Fantasy, Flight, Hope, Journey, Landscape, Sigur Ros, The Orb, Triumphant, Uplifting, Vibrant, Wildlife Documentary
Sanguine DevicesPositive, anthemic track with vibrant guitars, electro elements, live instrumentation and a soothing flute melody throughout.
Keywords: Alpine, American Beauty, Animals, Brooding, Chilled, Coming of Age, Corporate, Emotional, Environmental, European Films, Expansive, Garden State, Hollywood Romance Movie, Hope, Indie Film, Memories, Montage, Philip Glass, Rainy Day, Relaxation, Reminiscent, St Germain, Subtle, Triumphant, Vibrant, Wildlife Documentary, Wistful
Composed by Claire Batchelor
Keywords: Aaron Copland, Animals, Art House Movie, Blue Planet, Blue Skies, Chopin, Coming of Age, Delicate, Emotional, European Films, Expansive, Film, Film Score, Friends, Heart, Heartfelt, Hollywood Romance Movie, Hope, Indie Film, Innocence, Landscape, Love, Rainy Day, Reflection, Reminiscent, Romance, Sparkling, Spring, Sprinkles, Stirring, Sunrise, Tearjerker , Uplifting, Water, Wistful
Don't SleepContemplative piano opening builds into a driving orchestral piece with an expansive string melody and big, conclusive climax. Drums enter at 1:10.
Composed by Angus MacRae
Keywords: Animals, Antarctic, Arctic, Band of Brothers, Big Ending, Blue Planet, Discovery, Dramatic, Escape, Exciting, Expansive, Exploration, Flight, Frozen, Ice Melting, Journey, Landscape, March of the Penguins, Mountain, Ocean, Otherworldly, Sea, Serenade, Surf, Triumphant, Water, Whales, Wildlife Documentary, Wind, Winter
Lawman RunningEdgy, climactic track. Ambient sounds with electric guitar and subtle percussion leading to a rhythmic climax with a funky rock riff after one minute. Ambient ending.
Keywords: 13th Warrior, 24, Animals, Antarctic, Anxious, Armageddon, Big Ending, Black Hawk Down, Bomb, Bourne Identity, Break Out, Chase, Conspiracy, Covert Ops, CSI, Discovery, Dramatic, End Of The World, Enemy Approaching, Escape, Exciting, Expedition, Extreme Sports, Foreboding, Funkadelic, Haunting, I Am Legend, Jimi Hendrix, Landscape, Luna Obscura, Mission Impossible, Pensive, Pink Floyd, Pressure, Racing, Showdown, Sly & The Family, Spacious, Stephen Spielberg, Super Hero, Surf, Tension, Terminator, Terror Squad, Threat, Ticking Bomb, Transformers, War Of The Worlds
Corduroy FreefallSexy track with groove guitar riff punctuated by percussion, emotive textures and fast paced drums.
Keywords: Animals, Antarctic, Blade Runner, Blue Planet, Blue Skies, Coldplay, Coming of Age, Desert, Discovery, Dune, End Of The World, Environmental, Exotic, Expedition, Exploration, Extreme Sports, Fantasy, Flight, Garage Band, Garbage, Gorillaz, Imagination, Investigation, Landscape, Melodic, Pink Floyd, Red Hot Chilli Peppers, Space Exploration, Spacious, Submarines, Underwater, Vibrant, Wildlife Documentary

subset: commoncrawl


text:
DCRL Bits
What are digital Cultures? DCRL Research Videos
In the video series DCRL Bits the participants – scholars, artists, activists – choose their own filming environment and capture their input with a camera or their webcam in the format of a Vlog. In a short video, the participants are invited to comment on the broad topic of Digital Cultures, touching on the following issues:
- What are Digital Cultures?
- What are the potentials of Digital Cultures?
- What are the dangers of Digital Cultures?
- What lies beyond Digital Cultures?
The aim is to build up a topography of research in digital cultures that shows different approaches all over the world.
We thank all participants for their contributions.
If you are interested in participating, please contact Paul Feigelfeld, Irina Kaldrack or Martina Leeker:
email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com.
blackhole-factory: The Flight of the SeaSwallow, artists statements
blackhole-factory is an independent electronic arts group working at the intersection of the performing and audio visual arts, integrating interactive technology and subversive low-tech aesthetics. The group has been funded in 1999 by Elke Utermöhlen and Martin Slawig.
Nikita Braguinski, Berlin: Games and Digital Cultures
Nikita Braguinski is working in the field of epistemology of media and the sound of electronic toys. He was teaching assistant at Humboldt University Berlin, Department for Media Theory.
Patricia Clough, New York/USA: Digital Cultures
Patrica Clough is Professor of Sociology and Women's Studies at the Graduate Center and Queens College. She is author of Autoaffection: Unconscious Thought in the Age of Teletechnology (2000).
Peter Bexte, Köln: "Digitale Kulturen sind …?"
Peter Bexte is Professor for Aesthetics at Kunsthochschule für Medien in Köln. His research is History of Science and History of Aesthetic.


text:
Late Age Pregnancies to Boost Global Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Market during 2014-2020
All women face a risk to have a pregnancy with a chromosomal abnormality. The risk particularly shoots up post the age of 35. It has been observed that an increasing number of women are conceiving by late 30s or early 40s. Though a pregnancy in later years assures better financial security, medical assistance in form of in vitro fertilization (IVF) is required in most cases owing to decreased fertility rate. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is usually used with an IVF cycle to increase the chances of a successful pregnancy. The global preimplantation genetic diagnosis market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 6.28% during the period between 2014 and 2020. The global preimplantation genetic diagnosis market was worth US$77.2 million in 2013 and is estimated to reach a valuation of US$118.0 million by 2020.
Browse Market Research Report of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Market: http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/preimplantation-genetic-diagnosis-market.html
Why Doctors Recommend Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis?
For couples undergoing IVF, doctors usually recommend preimplantation genetic diagnosis when one of the following conditions prevail:
- History of heritable genetic disorders in one or both the partners
- One or both partners is a carrier of a chromosomal abnormality
- Advanced age of mother
- History of recurrent miscarriages
How PGD determines Genetic Disorders?
PGD is used for determining single gene disorders such as Thalassemia, Huntington's disease, Cystic fibrosis, Fragile-X, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and BRCA1/ BRCA2 (hereditary breast or ovarian cancer). While a woman goes through a standard IVF cycle, a few cells are removed from each of the embryos developing in the IVF laboratory. The cells are tested in one of the following ways:
- Advanced Embryo Selection (Array CGH): The process screen all the 24 chromosomes present in an embryo to enable the selection and transfer of only those embryos that have a normal chromosomal pattern.
- Karyomapping: The technique is used particularly when either of the parents is known to be carriers of a serious single gene disorder. Karyomapping identifies embryos that are not affected by the genetic disorder thereby preventing the condition from getting passed from one generation to another.
Browse Market Research Press Release of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Market: http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/pressrelease/preimplantation-genetic-diagnosis-market.htm
However, there are Risks!
Though IVF and PGD have emerged as a boon to thousands of women across the globe, there are potential problems involved.
- Multiple Births: It is one of the single greatest health risk associated with fertility treatment. Though PGD can screen the embryos for any potential genetic or chromosomal disorder, multiple birth carry risks to the health of the mother and the unborn babies.
- Ovarian Hyper-Stimulation Syndrome (OHSS): OHSS can prove dangerous due to over-reaction to fertility drugs used for stimulating egg production.
In PGD, there is also the possibility of some of the embryos getting damaged by the process of cell removal. The process of PGD is not 100% reliable or conclusive.


text:
Anyways, let's get started! The color trend I can't get enough of this fall is a rich berry color. Lately I've been gravitating towards berry colors that have a hint of sparkle or sheen in them (as opposed to a matte color) because I think they look really pretty on, and are not as harsh as some dark lipsticks.
*Thank you to Nordstrom for sponsoring this post!


text:
Our Board of Directors Meeting will be held November 16, 2011 at 8:15 AM at the Shelborne Hotel.
Topics of Discussion will include:
1. Recent Election Results
2. Latest Updates on the Miami Beach Convention Center and Gaming Legislation
3. 600 Alton Road Presentation
Coffee and Muffins will be served as usual, please feel free to join us.
The meeting will be held in the meeting room above the front desk.


text:
Located at the heart of the Marennes-Oléron Basin, on the Cayenne channel, the Cité de l'Huitre (Oyster Centre) will help you to discover and share the sensations and flavours of an exceptional terroir.
Marennes-Oléron oysters : a flavour all of their own
Small, medium, fat, thin, short or long, oysters can be enjoyed all year round. The best way to appreciate the taste is to eat them plain, even if bread and butter, lemon, and other gourmet specialities do go with them very nicely!
There are two main categories of oyster:
- Fine, fattened oysters (les fines de Claire) , with a delicate body and nutty taste.
- Special oysters fattened in ponds (les spéciales de Clair) with a firmer flesh and a stronger taste.
An oyster farm educational centre ôle dé
La Cité de l'Huître welcomes, entertains and informs visitors of all ages, in families or in groups.
It offers a wide range of shows, tastings and varied activities: The Claire Oyster educational trail, the Oyster Farm School, the Oyster Cabin, the visitors'centre etc. Here we call upon all your senses and you will make your trip on foot, by bike, in a little train and by boat!
Find out everything you want to know about the oyster farmer's work
In July and August, find out about the oyster farmer's job by having fun with Bilout and Aline in the Oyster Cabin.
You can also awaken your senses and take part in the workshops designed for young and old alike!
At the Oyster Adventure, you can learn in a fun and educational way by using your guidebook and initiate your children in the art of being an oyster farmer during the recreational workshops.
Open from April 1st in the morning to November 3rd in the evening.
Open every day during this period except on Mondays and Tuesdays outside the school holidays.
• Adults: 9 €
• Children (6-16 yrs): 5 €, free for children under 6
• Senior citizens and students: 7 €
• Family ticket (2 adults and 2 children): 23 €
Prices include, the tour, entertainment activities, tasting session and the loan of a bike.
La Cité de l'Huître
The Oyster Festival, « Les ostréales »
From Monday to Friday from 8th July to 31st of August on the pontoon of the Oyster Adventure, and every afternoon at the Oyster Cabin, lots of activities are available every day:
-Mondays: fun activities with Bilout.
-Tuesdays : activities with Piqthiu, a genuine local Charentais epicurean with his recipes and entertaining activities about oyster farming, oyster refining and the imperial shrimps from the Charentais marshes.
- Wednesdays: a family show with Jeff d'Argy.
- Thursdays: «Naturalibus» activities with the IODDE association.
- Fridays: Activities for English-speaking visitors at the Oyster Cabin from 10.30am to 11.30am
And every Monday and Friday: educational activities on the pontoon of the Oyster Adventure.


text:
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Originally posted by schrodingers dog
I have found that many people have their priorities upside down.
We pay the most attention to the elections that affect us the least, and the least attention to the ones that affect us the most.
Originally posted by crimvelvet
You have a pointer (POST) in this paragraph that seem to point to Articles of the Constitution etc is this what you meant to point to? puz:
Originally posted by schrodingers dog
I just wanted to provide a list of activist web sites from across the political spectrum.
Originally posted by schrodingers dog
Whether or not to vote in the presidential elections is a hard choice when one is not moved by either candidate.
Originally posted by Battleline
Quick question SD,I really don't have the time or brain matter to delve into all your links you have listed,although I did look at a couple from the begening to get a jest of what you were getting at(the links were extremly rude)but my question is,if you will indulge me,are there any links to these types of unfounded slander on McCain?
The Purple State
College Conservative Movement
Hold Your Nose
Troy LaPlante's Blog
McCain Source
Dump McCain
Republican Tea Party
Republicans Against Maverick McCain
Stop John McCain 2008
Republicans Against McCain Facebook Group
McCain's Lobbyists
The Real McCain


text:
"Glee" may have been renewed for a couple more seasons, but when the musical TV series eventually leaves the airwaves, actress Naya Rivera may want to take the opportunity to get into a new business she seems to have a knack for … real estate.
After purchasing a 3,300-square-foot Beverly Hills home last April for $1.475 million, the 26-year-old renovated it, put it on the market a month ago for $2.1 million, and -- volia! -- has already found a buyer and is now in escrow, according to real estate website Zillow.
The savvy skills run in the family. Rivera's mother, Yolanda Rivera, is a realtor and served as the listing agent for the property, which was built in 1966 and sits on a quiet cul-de-sac in the fabled 90210 zip code.
According to the listing, the 4-bedroom, 3.5-bath home features Brazilian granite countertops, porcelain glass tiles in the kitchen, and Carrera marble in the master bath, which includes a built-in sauna and steam room. There's also a library with a wet bar and a certain gadget you don't see in Beverly Hills every day: a kegerator. Outside, the yard offers a completely remodeled salt water pool, jacuzzi, and fire pit, along with brand new irrigation, landscaping, and lighting, all adding up to what the elder Rivera touts in her listing as an "entertainer's delight and a nature lover's dream."
As for where Rivera currently resides, the actress apparently also owns another home, this one in L.A.'s hipster enclave of Los Feliz. Take note, young stars: Stop squandering your money on fancy cars and partying and invest in real estate! We're sure Naya would be happy to share some tips …
See more pics of the home here ...
More Celebrity Features on Yahoo!:


text:
So hi guys, i recently bought a roccat RYOS MK FX keyboard and NYTH mouse.
now i wish to know what the "HEATMAP" on the keyboard function does ?...
now also how you set up so the keyboard and mouse have the same lighting effects... i have the roccat talk software but i have no clue what so ever on how i use any of it... much help would be great
Thanks in Advance


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Forgive the title but given that Ardbeg have described the results of their experiment as "groundbreaking" and paving the way "for unprecedented flavour profiles" I couldn't resist. For those not in the know Ardbeg beat Suntory in sending a sample of their whisky to the ISS around 4 years ago, and the long awaited results are in. The study looked at the effects of micro-gravity on terpenes during the maturation process has resulted in "major differences" between the two samples.
Whisky Maturation In Orbit
In October 2011 vials containing Ardbeg new-make spirit distillate and shards of Ardbeg casks were launched by Soyuz rocket from Baikonur to spend almost three years 200 miles above Earth, orbiting at 17,227 miles per hour. The terpenes (aromatic and flavour-active hydrocarbon chains which give whisky its floral and fruity flavours) by all accounts underwent considerable changes in microgravity, Dr Bill Lumsden noted that the "space samples were noticeably different. When I nosed and tasted the space samples, it became clear that much more of Ardbeg's smoky, phenolic character shone through – to reveal a different set of smoky flavours which I have not encountered here on earth before". That being said Bill described the aftertaste as "pungent, intense and long, with hints of wood, antiseptic lozenges and rubbery smoke" which sounds like more than a few Ardbeg's to me!
Chemical analysis revealed significant different ratios of wood extractive compounds between the space based sample and the control samples on earth. Dr Bill continued "In the future, the altered range of wood extractions could lead scientists to be able to detail the ratios of compounds expected in whiskies of a certain age." while we're unlikely to ever find a vial of Ardbegs space aged whisky on master of malts or the whisky exchange this development might open the door for considerably different whiskies so watch this space. Sorry!
It Came Back Whisky But It's Not A Scotch
In case anyone was wondering why the whisky spent three years in orbit around the earth, that's the minimum period of time new make (not yet matured) spirit needs to sleep before if can be called whisky. Despite being distilled by Ardbeg's Islay distillery the vial returning from orbit doesn't technically qualify as a Scotch as it was not "Wholly matured in an excise warehouse in Scotland in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding 700 litres (185 US gal; 154 imp gal) for at least three years". Sadly there can never be such a thing as space aged Scotch!