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'American Idol' Recap: Top 10 Tour Singers Revealed
Judge Harry Connick, Jr. took the stage to show the contestants how it's done, and hip-hop musician Mali Music performed "Beautiful."
American Idol's top 10 singers were revealed on Thursday night, following the contestants' best renditions of movie songs the night before.
PHOTOS: Top 10 Movie Songs of All Time
While the "Music of the Movies" theme night brought audiences from musicals Dreamgirls and Frozen to big-screen hits Skyfall and Twilight, not all of their covers were necessarily blockbusters. And whoever barely misses the top 10 is not only eliminated from the competition, but will also be left out of the upcoming Idol tour.
But before revealing who would be sent home, judge Harry Connick, Jr. took the stage to sing "One Fine Thing" and "Come By Me," crooning into the microphone while tickling the ivory with a big band behind him. Hip-hop musician Mali Music also performed his track "Beautiful."
After the nationwide super vote, Ryan Seacrest revealed that Majesty Rose (Frozen's "Let It Go"), Ben Briley (Elton John's "Bennie and the Jets") and Sam Woolf (The Beatles' "Come Together,") were in the bottom three.
"It doesn't make sense to me, based on the performances last night," said Jennifer Lopez of the results. "I think America was responding to what they saw." Nevertheless, Woolf and Rose were then announced as safe (Rose by only a 0.7 percent difference in votes), leaving Briley to sing "Stars" by Grace Potter and the Nocturnals for the judges' save.
PHOTOS: 'American Idol' Season 13: Fresh Faces, 'Harsh' Harry Connick, Jr. and Jennifer Lopez's Return
"Ben, we've loved your voice from day one, but what we've got to see is this sort of artistic growth, and we don't collectively feel we've necessarily seen that as much as we wish we have at this stage," said Keith Urban, as Briley was sent home.
What do you think of the latest elimination? Should someone else have been sent home instead? Sound off in the comments below, Idol Worshippers!
Twitter: @Idol_Worship


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Come Back, Mister character posters and stills reveal complicated and hilarious body swap
Rain's comeback drama Come Back, Mister is coming to DramaFever in just one week, and its new character poster and stills give us a glimpse of the fun, and complicated, body swap theme! Here are four of the main characters played by six different actors (confusing, I know!).
1. Kim In Kwon, a middle-aged manager who dies of overwork one day and returns to earth to possess Rain's body.
2. Rain, the sexy man who has Kim In Kwon's soul inside his body.
3. Kim Soo Ro, a former mob boss-turned-chef, who also dies and ends up in Oh Yeon Seo's hot body.
4. Oh Yeon Seo, who has Kim Soo Ro's soul in her body.
5. Lee Min Jung, Kim In Kwon (Rain)'s sweet and confused wife he left behind.
6. Honey Lee, who helps the two men navigate their new lives.
And here is the teaser showing everyone in action:
Doesn't it look fun?
Come Back, Mister is being led by the PD of Rooftop Prince and the writer of 200-Pound Beauty, so it's sure to be hilarious and touching at the same time! Add it to your queue now so that you don't miss the February 24 premiere!
Please Come Back, Mister
Starring Rain (Bi) and Oh Yeon SeoAdd to Queue Remove from Queue Watch Now

subset: commoncrawl


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The Carema Club Resort and Carema Garden Village offer services that are almost unique in their category. Thanks to its 24-hour reception and constant concern for your wellbeing, you can enjoy hotel-type services, such as late check-out, courtesy shower and left-luggage service. At the reception, you can also hire a car, motorbike or bicycle to see the island at your own pace, and you can also buy a whole range of trips to get to know Menorca whichever way you like: by boat, kayak, hiking or snorkelling... the possibilities are endless; you choose.
Bookings: M-F from 9:00 to 18:00
(+34) 971 154 218
(+34) 689 676 549
Reception: 24h service from April to October
(+34) 971 376 522
Reception: 24h service from April to October
(+34) 971 387 012


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The first stage in mattress shopping is setting a firm budget. Like any other product, you will find a significant variety of costs within this business. On the lower end of the spectrum, a new bed will not arrive with any fancy attributes or add-on products. But having a top of the line model of Amerisleep and its many collections, you will find types with extra covers, accessories, and warranties. By setting your budget first, you can shop within your price range to steer clear of overspending.
You have a few decisions to make regarding the kind of mattress you favor. The level of firmness depends on how firm or soft you want your sleep surface to be. Mattresses come in extra firm, firm, gentle, and ultra-gentle. They can also have a pillow-top layer additional more ease and comfort, even on the firmer product.
Size will also be a consideration, and will ultimately depend on how a lot room you want for sleeping and the amount of space in your bedroom. A mattress needs to be longer than the tallest person utilizing it. It also needs to be broad enough for two people to lie with their arms folded behind their head without touching one another or the edge of the bed. Usually, two adults will need a queen or king size.
Once you have a budget and a concept of what you need, it is time to go shopping. Look for revenue, but don't let sale costs rule your final decision. Start your shopping at the higher end of your budget to ensure that you can know what the best you can pay for feels like. Consider your time checking out all options and lay on each 1 for several minutes to get a better idea. Don't allow a salesperson to pressure or rush you throughout this process. Take the time you'll need with each item to select the 1 that you simply like the most.
When you are shopping, ask the salesperson about an in-home trial. With this option, you can proceed using the purchase, but have a month or two to try the product out to make certain it is the best fit for you. It is important to get a long in-home demo period, because you won't always know whether the new mattress works for you or not within just a couple of days. In the event you are not completely satisfied, you can return it to get a full refund or trade it for another option.
Finally, narrow down your decision and get prepared to negotiate for your best deal. Many shops offer flexible pricing to enable you to make an offer around the bed of your choice. Name your price and see how the salesperson reacts. Be prepared to respond with another price when the salesperson counteroffers. Your negotiation could also enable you to add additional accessories or warranties to the mattress purchase, especially if you are willing to raise your price a minimum of a little bit.


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Traditionalgo-tos like chocolate or candy canes are out for your little one's first stocking. These replacements will be much loved by mom and baby alike.
1. Robeez socks, $17.50
This cute little Robeez gift box is filled with six pairs of socks for either girls or boys. Remember: It's never too early to get your offspring socks for Christmas.
2. Noodle & Boo Essential Care Kit, $15
3. Noodle & Boo Ultimate Cleansing Cloths, $9.50
The baby in your life will clean up nice with the luxurious (and very necessary) products from Noodle & Boo. We're especially fond of their Essential Care Kit and Cleansing Cloths -- busy Moms always need on-the-go products for their diaper or overnight bag.
4. 'ZooBorns: The Next Generation,' $10
Babies will love looking at baby animals in this pint-sized picture book, the third in the "Zooborns" series which features all new photos of newborn wildlife from zoos and aquariums from around the world.
5. Plum Organics food pouches, $1.49
You get to eat a ton of tasty food over the holidays, why not your baby? Putting Plum Organics in a stocking will be loved by parents and babies alike (babies for the taste and parents for the break in making baby food). Their new line of Greek Yogurt Blends boast unique fruit, veggie and Greek yogurt combos. They're perfect for those babies with a sensitive stomach and a budding palate.
6. Seventh Generation's Diaper Cream, $8.99
Seventh Generation's Diaper Cream does double duty:?It cleans up nasty rashes all while being part of the company's new line of USDA certified biobased baby personal care products, which is made mostly of plant-based ingredients.


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Introduction with General Considerations & Brief History
Carl Koller, an ophthalmologist from Vienna, first described the use of topical cocaine for analgesia of the eye in 1884.[1] William Halsted and Richard Hall, surgeons at Roosevelt Hospital in New York City, took the idea of local anesthesia a step further by injecting cocaine into human tissues and nerves in order to produce anesthesia for surgery.[2] James Leonard Corning, a neurologist in New York City, described the use of cocaine for spinal anesthesia in 1885.[3] Since Corning was a frequent observer at Roosevelt Hospital, the idea of using cocaine in the subarachnoid space may have come from observing Halsted and Hall performing cocaine injections. Corning first injected cocaine intrathecally into a dog and within a few minutes the dog had marked weakness in the hindquarters.[4] Next, Corning injected cocaine into a man at the T11-T12 interspace into what he thought was the subarachnoid space. Since Corning did not notice any effect after 8 min, he repeated the injection. Ten minutes after the second injection, the patient complained of sleepiness in his legs, but was able to stand and walk. Because Corning made no mention of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) efflux, most likely he inadvertently gave an epidural rather than a spinal injection to the patient.
Dural puncture was described by Essex Wynter in 1891[5] followed shortly by Heinrich Quincke 6 months later.[6] Augustus Karl Gustav Bier, a German surgeon, used cocaine intrathecally on six patients for lower extremity surgery in 1898.[7,8] In true scientific fashion, Bier decided to experiment on himself and developed a postdural puncture headache (PDPH) for his efforts. His assistant, Dr. Otto Hildebrandt, volunteered to have the procedure performed after Bier was unable to continue due to the PDPH. After injection of spinal cocaine into Hildebrandt, Bier conducted experiments on the lower half of Hildebrandt's body. Bier described needle pricks and cigar burns to the legs, incisions on the thighs, avulsion of pubic hairs, strong blows with an iron hammer to the shins, and torsion of the testicles. Hildebrandt reported minimal to no pain during the experiments; however, afterward he suffered nausea, vomiting, PDPH, and bruising and pain in his legs. Bier attributed the PDPH to loss of CSF and felt the use of small-gauge needles would help prevent the headache.[9]
Dudley Tait and Guido Caglieri performed the first spinal anesthetic in the United States in San Francisco in 1899. Their studies included cadavers, animals, and live patients in order to determine the benefits of lumbar puncture, especially in the treatment of syphilis. Tait and Caglieri injected mercuric salts and iodides into the CSF, but worsened the condition of one patient with tertiary syphilis.[10] Rudolph Matas, a vascular surgeon in New Orleans, described the use of spinal cocaine on patients and possibly was the first to use morphine in the subarachnoid space.[11,12] Matas also described the complication of death after lumbar puncture. Theodore Tuffier, a French surgeon in Paris, studied spinal anesthesia and reported on it in 1900. Tuffier felt that cocaine should not be injected until cerebrospinal fluid was recognized.[13] Tuffier taught at the University of Paris at the same time that Tait was a medical student there and most likely was one of Tait's mentors. Tuffier's demonstrations in Paris helped popularize spinal anesthesia in Europe.
Arthur Barker, a professor of surgery at the University of London, reported on the advancement of spinal techniques in 1907, including the use of a hyperbaric spinal local anesthetic, emphasis of sterility, and ease of midline over paramedian dural puncture.[14] Advancement of sterility and the investigation of decreases in blood pressure after injection helped make spinal anesthesia safer and more popular. Gaston Labat was a strong proponent of spinal anesthesia in the United States and performed early studies on the effects of Trendelenburg position on blood pressure after spinal anesthesia.[15] George Pitkin attempted to use a hypobaric local anesthetic to control the level of spinal block by mixing procaine with alcohol.[16] Lincoln Sise, an anesthesiologist at the Lahey Clinic in Boston, used Barker's technique of hyperbaric spinal anesthesia with both procaine and tetracaine.[17-19]
Spinal anesthesia became more popular as new developments occurred, including the introduction of saddle block anesthesia by Adriani and Roman-Vega in 1946.[20] The height of spinal anesthesia's popularity in the United States occurred in the 1940s, but fears of neurologic deficits and complications caused anesthesiologists to discontinue the use of spinal anesthesia. The development of novel intravenous anesthetic agents and neuromuscular blockers coincided with the decreased use of spinal anesthesia. In 1954 Dripps and Vandam described the safety of spinal anesthetics in more than 10,000 patients,[21] and spinal anesthesia was revived.
The early development of spinal needles paralleled the early development of spinal anesthesia. Corning chose a gold needle that had a short bevel point, flexible cannula, and set screw that fixed the needle to the depth of dural penetration. Corning also used an introducer for the needle, which was right-angled. Quincke used a beveled needle that was sharp and hollow. Bier developed his own sharp needle that did not require an introducer. The needle was larger bore (15-gauge or 17-gauge) with a long, cutting bevel. The main problems with Bier's needle were pain on insertion and the loss of local anesthetic due to the large hole in the dura after dural puncture. Barker's needle did not have an inner cannula, was made of nickel, and had a sharp, medium length bevel with a matching stylet. Labat developed an unbreakable nickel needle that had a sharp, short-length bevel with a matching stylet. Labat believed that the short bevel minimized damage to the tissues when inserted into the back.
Herbert Greene realized that loss of CSF was a major problem in spinal anesthesia and developed a smooth tip, smaller gauge needle that resulted in a lower incidence of PDPH.[22] Barnett Greene described the use of a 26-gauge spinal needle in obstetrics with a decreased incidence of PDPH.[23] The Greene needle was very popular until the introduction of the Whitacre needle. Hart and Whitacre used a pencil-point needle to decrease PDPH from 5-10% to 2%.[24] Sprotte modified the Whitacre needle and published his trial of over 34,000 spinal anesthetics in 1987.[25] Modifications of the Sprotte needle occurred the 1990s to produce the needle that is in use today.[26]
Spinal anesthesia has progressed greatly since 1885 and is used successfully in a number of different clinical situations. However, anatomy, choice of local anesthetic, physiologic effects of spinal anesthesia, patient positioning, and the approach to spinal anesthesia must all be considered. The patient should be educated about the possible side effects and complications that can occur from performing a spinal anesthetic in order to obtain informed consent before the procedure. If all of these factors are conducive for the patient to receive a spinal anesthetic, care must be taken to prevent complications. Learning how to perform spinal anesthesia is an invaluable skill that all anesthesiologists should have in their armamentarium.
Contraindications to Spinal Anesthesia
There are absolute and relative contraindications to spinal anesthesia. The only absolute contraindications include patient refusal, infection at the site of injection, hypovolemia, indeterminate neurologic disease, coagulopathy, and increased intracranial pressure, except in cases of pseudotumor cerebri. Relative contraindications include sepsis distinct from the anatomic site of puncture (e.g., chorioamnionitis or lower extremity infection) and unknown duration of surgery. In the latter case, if the patient is on antibiotics and the vital signs are stable, spinal anesthesia may be considered.
Prior to placing a spinal anesthetic, the anesthesiologist should examine the patient's back to look for any signs of infection, which may increase the risk of meningitis. Preoperative shock or hypovolemia increases the risk of hypotension after placement of a spinal anesthetic. High intracranial pressure increases the risk of uncal herniation when CSF is lost through the needle. If intracranial pressure rises after injection of the spinal anesthetic, brain herniation can occur. Coagulation abnormalities increase the risk of hematoma formation. It is important to communicate with the surgeon to determine the amount of time needed to complete the operation before inducing spinal anesthesia. If the duration of surgery is unknown, the spinal anesthetic given may not be long enough to cover the surgery. Knowing the duration of surgery helps the anesthesiologist determine the local anesthetic that will be used, addition of spinal adjuncts such as epinephrine, and whether a spinal catheter will be necessary.
Another consideration when performing spinal anesthesia is the site of surgery, since surgery above the umbilicus would be difficult to cover with a spinal as the sole technique. Performing spinal anesthesia in patients with neurologic diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, is controversial due to in vitro experiments that determine that demyelinated nerves are more susceptible to local anesthetic toxicity. However, no clinical study has convincingly demonstrated that spinal anesthesia worsens such neurologic diseases. Indeed, with the knowledge that pain, stress, fever, and fatigue exacerbate these diseases, a stress-free central neuraxial block may be preferred for surgery.[27-31] Cardiac disease when sensory levels above T6 are required is a relative contraindication to spinal anesthesia.[32,33] Certain cardiac diseases, such as aortic stenosis, once considered to be an absolute contraindication for spinal anesthesia, may now incorporate a carefully conducted spinal anesthetic into their anesthetic care.[34-36] Severe deformities of the spinal column can increase the difficulty in placing a spinal anesthetic. Arthritis, kyphoscoliosis, and previous lumbar fusion surgery all factor into the ability of the anesthesiologist to performa spinal anesthetic. It is essential to examine the patient's back to determine any anatomic abnormality before attempting a spinal anesthetic.
Functional Anatomy Of Spinal Blockade
In reviewing the functional anatomy of spinal blockade, an intimate knowledge of the spinal column, spinal cord, and spinal nervesmust be present. This chapter reviews briefly the curves of the vertebral column, the ligaments of the spinal column, membranes and length of the spinal cord, and passage of the spinal nerves from the spinal cord. The vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal segments. The vertebral column usually contains three curves. The cervical and lumbar curves are convex anteriorly, and the thoracic curve is convex posteriorly. The vertebral column curves, alongwith gravity, baricity of local anesthetic, and patient position, influence the spread of local anesthetics in the subarachnoid space. Figure 1 depicts the spinal column, vertebrae, and intervertebral discs and foramina.
Figure 1: The spinal column is seen from a lateral view. All of the vertebrae, intervertebral discs, and intervertebral foraminae are shown.
Five ligaments hold the spinal column together. The supraspinous ligaments connect the apices of the spinous processes from the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) to the sacrum. The supraspinous ligament is known as the ligamentum nuchae in the area above C7. The interspinous ligaments connect the spinous processes together. The ligamentum flavum, or yellow ligament, connects the laminae above and below together. Finally, the posterior and anterior longitudinal ligaments bind the vertebral bodies together. Figure 2 shows a cross section of the spinal canal with the ligaments, vertebral body, and spinous processes.
Figure 2: A cross section of the spinal canal is shown with the ligaments, vertebral body, and spinous processes.
The three membranes that protect the spinal cord are the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. The dura mater, or tough mother, is the outermost layer. The dural sac extends to the second sacral vertebra (S2). The arachnoid mater is the middle layer, and the subdural space lies between the dural mater and arachnoid mater. The arachnoid mater, or cobweb mother, also ends at S2, like the dural sac. The pia mater, or soft mother, clings to the surface of the spinal cord and ends in the filum terminale, which helps to hold the spinal cord to the sacrum. The space between the arachnoid and pia mater is known as the subarachnoid space, and spinal nerves run in this space, as does CSF. Figure 3 depicts the spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia and ventral rootlets, spinal nerves, sympathetic trunk, rami communicantes, and pia, arachnoid, and dura mater.
Figure 3: The spinal cord is shown along with the dorsal root ganglia and ventral rootlets, spinal nerves, sympathetic trunk, rami communicantes, and pia, arachnoid, and dura mater.
When performing a spinal anesthetic using the midline approach, the layers of anatomy that are traversed (from posterior to anterior) are skin, subcutaneous fat, supraspinous ligament, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum, dura mater, subdural space, arachnoid mater, and finally the subarachnoid space. When the paramedian technique is applied, the spinal needle should traverse the skin, subcutaneous fat, ligamentum flavum, dura mater, subdural space, arachnoid mater, and then pass into the subarachnoid space.
The length of the spinal cord varies according to age. In the first trimester, the spinal cord extends to the end of the spinal column, but as the fetus ages, the vertebral column lengthens more than the spinal cord. At birth, the spinal cord ends at approximately L3 and in the adult, the cord ends at approximately L1 with 30% of people having a cord that ends at T12 and 10% at L3. Figure 4 shows a cross section of the lumbar vertebrae and spinal cord. The position of the conus medullaris, cauda equina, termination of the dural sac, and filum terminale are shown. A sacral spinal cord in an adult has been reported, though this is extremely rare.[37] The length of the spinal cord must always be kept in mind when a neuraxial anesthetic is performed, as injection into the cord can cause great damage and result in paralysis.[38]
Figure 4: A cross section of the lumbar vertebrae and spinal cord. The position of the conus medullaris, cauda equina, termination of the dural sac, and filum terminale are shown.
Spinal nerves in the cervical region are named according to the upper cervical vertebral body from which they exit. However, the eighth cervical nerve exits from below the seventh cervical vertebral body, and this method of naming continues in the thoracic and lumbar regions. The spinal nerve roots and spinal cord serve as the target sites for spinal anesthesia.
Surface Anatomy
When preparing for spinal anesthetic blockade, it is important to find landmarks on the patient. The iliac crests usually mark the interspace between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae, and a line can be drawn between them to help locate this interspace. Care must be taken to feel for the soft area between the spinous processes to locate the interspace. Depending on the level of anesthesia necessary for the surgery and the ability to feel for the interspace, the L3-4 interspace or the L4-5 interspace can be used to introduce the spinal needle. Because the spinal cord ends at the L1 to L2 level, it would not bewise to attempt spinal anesthesia at or above this level.
It would be incomplete to discuss surface anatomy without mentioning the dermatomes that are important for spinal anesthesia. A dermatome is an area of skin innervated by sensory fibers from a single spinal nerve. The tenth thoracic (T10) dermatome corresponds to the umbilicus, the sixth thoracic (T6) dermatome the xiphoid, and the fourth thoracic (T4) dermatome the nipples. Figure 5 illustrates the dermatomes of the human body. To achieve surgical anesthesia for a given procedure, the extent of spinal anesthesia must reach a certain dermatomal level. Dermatomal levels of spinal anesthesia for common surgical procedures are listed in Table 1.
Figure 5: The dermatomes of the human body.
The choice of local anesthetic is based on potency of the agent, onset and duration of anesthesia, and side effects of the drug. Two distinct groups of local anesthetics are used in spinal anesthesia, esters and amides, which are characterized by the bond that connects the aromatic portion and the intermediate chain. Esters contain an ester link between the aromatic portion and the intermediate chain, and examples include procaine, chloroprocaine, and tetracaine. Amides contain an amide link between the aromatic portion and the intermediate chain, and examples include bupivacaine, ropivacaine, etidocaine, lidocaine, mepivacaine, and prilocaine. Although metabolism is important for determining activity of local anesthetics, lipid solubility, protein binding, and pKa also influence activity.[39]
Lipid solubility relates to the potency of local anesthetics. Low lipid solubility indicates that higher concentrations of local anesthesia must be given to obtain nerve blockade. High lipid solubility produces anesthesia at low concentrations. Protein binding affects the duration of action of a local anesthetic. Higher protein binding results in longer duration of action. The pKa of a local anesthetic is the pH at which ionized and nonionized forms are present equally in solution, which is important because the nonionized form allows the local anesthetic to diffuse across the lipophilic nerve sheath and reach the sodium channels in the nerve membrane. The onset of action relates to the amount of local anesthetic available in the base form. Most local anesthetics follow the rule that the lower the pKa, the faster the onset of action and vice versa.
Pharmacokinetics of Local Anesthetics in the Subarachnoid Space
Pharmacokinetics of local anesthetics includes uptake and elimination of the drug. Four factors play a role in the uptake of local anesthetics from the subarachnoid space into neuronal tissue, (1) concentration of local anesthetic in CSF, (2) surface area of nerve tissue exposed to CSF, (3) lipid content of nerve tissue, and (4) blood flow to nerve tissue.[40,41]
The uptake of local anesthetic is greatest at the site of highest concentration in the CSF and is decreased above and below this site. As discussed previously, uptake and spread of local anesthetics after spinal injection are determined by multiple factors including dose, volume, and baricity of local anesthetic and patient positioning.
Both the nerve roots and the spinal cord take up local anesthetics after injection into the subarachnoid space. The more surface area of the nerve root exposed, the greater the uptake of local anesthetic.[42-45] The spinal cord has two mechanisms for uptake of local anesthetics. The first mechanism is by diffusion from the CSF to the pia mater and into the spinal cord, which is a slow process. Only the most superficial portion of the spinal cord is affected by diffusion of local anesthetics. The second method of local anesthetic uptake is by extension into the spaces of Virchow-Robin, which are the areas of pia mater that surround the blood vessels that penetrate the central nervous system. The spaces of Virchow-Robin connect with the perineuronal clefts that surround nerve cell bodies in the spinal cord and penetrate through to the deeper areas of the spinal cord. Figure 6 is a representation of the periarterial Virchow-Robin spaces around the spinal cord.
Figure 6: A representation of the periarterial Virchow–Robin spaces around the spinal cord.
Lipid content determines uptake of local anesthetics. Heavily myelinated tissues in the subarachnoid space contain higher concentrations of local anesthetics after injection. The higher the degree of myelination, the higher the concentration of local anesthetic, as there is a high lipid content in myelin. If an area of nerve root does not contain myelin, an increased risk of nerve damage occurs in that area.[46]
Blood flow determines the rate of removal of local anesthetics from spinal cord tissue. The faster the blood flow in the spinal cord, the more rapid the anesthetic is washed away. This may partly explain why the concentration of local anesthetics is greater in the posterior spinal cord than in the anterior spinal cord, even though the anterior cord is more readily accessed by the Virchow-Robin spaces. After a spinal anesthetic is administered, blood flow may be increased or decreased to the spinal cord, depending on the particular local anesthetic administered, e.g., tetracaine increases cord flow but lidocaine and bupivacaine decrease it, which affects elimination of the local anesthetic.[47-49]
Elimination of local anesthetic from the subarachnoid space is by vascular absorption in the epidural space and the subarachnoid space. Local anesthetics travel across the dura in both directions. In the epidural space, vascular absorption can occur, just as in the subarachnoid space. Vascular supply to the spinal cord consists of vessels located on the spinal cord and in the pia mater. Because vascular perfusion to the spinal cord varies, the rate of elimination of local anesthetics varies.[40]
The distribution and decrease in concentration of local anesthetics is based on the area of highest concentration, which can be independent of the injection site. Many factors affect the distribution of local anesthetics in the subarachnoid space. Table 2 lists some of these factors.[50] The three most important factors for determining spread of local anesthesia in the subarachnoid space are baricity of the local anesthetic solution, position of the patient during and just after injection, and dose of the anesthetic injected.
Baricity plays an important role in determining the spread of local anesthetic in the spinal space and is equal to the density of the local anesthetic divided by the density of the CSF at 37â—¦C.[51-58] Local anesthetics can be hyperbaric, hypobaric, or isobaric when compared to CSF, and baricity is the main determinant of how the local anesthetic is distributed when injected into the CSF. Table 3 compares the density, specific gravity, and baricity of different substances and local anesthetics.[50,51,53,59,60]
Hypobaric solutions are less dense than CSF and tend to rise against gravity. Isobaric solutions are as dense as CSF and tend to remain at the level at which they are injected. Hyperbaric solutions are more dense than CSF and tend to follow gravity after injection.
Hypobaric solutions have a baricity of less than 1.0 relative to CSF and are usually made by adding distilled sterile water to the local anesthetic. Tetracaine, dibucaine, and bupivacaine have all been used as hypobaric solutions in spinal anesthesia. Patient positioning is important after injection of a hypobaric spinal anesthetic because it is the first few minutes that determine the spread of anesthesia. If the patient is in Trendelenburg position after injection, the anesthetic will spread in the caudal direction and if the patient is in reverse Trendelenburg position, the anesthetic will spread cephalad after injection. If a procedure were to be performed in the perineal or anal area in the prone, jackknife position, a hypobaric spinal anesthetic would be an excellent choice to avoid repositioning the patient after injection.
The baricity of isobaric solutions is equal to 1.0. Tetracaine and bupivacaine have both been used with success for isobaric spinal anesthesia, and patient positioning does not affect spread of the local anesthetic, unlike the case with hyperbaric or hypobaric solutions. Injection can be made in any position, and then the patient can be placed into the position necessary for surgery. Gravity dose not play a role in the spread of isobaric solutions, unlike with hypo- or hyperbaric local anesthetics.
Hyperbaric solutions in spinal anesthesia have baricity greater than 1.0. A local anesthetic solution can be made hyperbaric by adding dextrose or glucose. Bupivacaine, lidocaine and tetracaine have all been used as hyperbaric solutions in spinal anesthesia. Patient positioning affects the spread of the anesthetic. A patient in Trendelenburg position would have the anesthetic travel in a cephalad direction and vice versa.
Dose and volume both play a role in the spread of local anesthetics after spinal injection, although dose has been shown to be more important than volume.[61] Concentration of local anesthetic before injection has no bearing on distribution because after injection, due to the mixing of the CSF and local anesthetic, there is a new concentration.
Effects of the Volume of the Lumbar Cistern on Block Height
CSF is produced in the brain at 0.35 mL/min and fills the subarachnoid space. This clear, colorless fluid has an approximate adult volume of 150 mL, half of which is in the cranium and half in the spinal canal. However, CSF volume varies considerably, and decreased CSF volume can result from obesity, pregnancy, or any other cause of increased abdominal pressure.[62] This is partly due to compression of the intervertebral foramen which displaces the CSF. Predictability of CSF volume is difficult with weight being the main determinant on physical examination.
Multiple factors affect the distribution of local anesthesia after spinal blockade,[50] one being CSF volume. Carpenter showed that lumbosacral CSF volume correlated with peak sensory block height and duration of surgical anesthesia.[63] Higuchi found that CSF density is related to peak sensory block level, and lumbosacral CSF volume correlates to peak sensory block level, and onset and duration of motor block.[64] However, due to thewide variability in CSF volume the ability to predict the level of the spinal blockade after local anesthetic injection is very poor, even if body mass index (BMI) is calculated and used.
Effects of the Volume of the Lumbar Cistern on Block Height
CSF is produced in the brain at 0.35 mL/min and fills the subarachnoid space. This clear, colorless fluid has an approximate adult volume of 150 mL, half of which is in the cranium and half in the spinal canal. However, CSF volume varies considerably, and decreased CSF volume can result from obesity, pregnancy, or any other cause of increased abdominal pressure.[62] This is partly due to compression of the intervertebral foramen which displaces the CSF. Predictability of CSF volume is difficult with weight being the main determinant on physical examination.
Multiple factors affect the distribution of local anesthesia after spinal blockade,[50] one being CSF volume. Carpenter showed that lumbosacral CSF volume correlated with peak sensory block height and duration of surgical anesthesia.[63] Higuchi found that CSF density is related to peak sensory block level, and lumbosacral CSF volume correlates to peak sensory block level, and onset and duration of motor block.[64] However, due to thewide variability in CSF volume the ability to predict the level of the spinal blockade after local anesthetic injection is very poor, even if body mass index (BMI) is calculated and used.
Local Anesthetics
Cocaine was the first spinal anesthetic used, and procaine and tetracaine soon followed. Spinal anesthesia performed with lidocaine, bupivacaine, tetracaine, mepivacaine, and ropivacaine have been successful. Some of the more common local anesthetics used for spinal anesthesia will be discussed in this portion of the chapter. As the use of spinal anesthesia becomes more popular, there is more interest in medications that produce anesthesia and analgesia while limiting side effects. A variety of medications, including vasoconstrictors, opioids, α2-adrenergic agonists, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, have been added to spinal medications to assist in analgesia while reducing the amount of local anesthetics required for anesthesia.
Lidocaine was first used as a spinal anesthetic in 1945, and it has been one of the most widely used spinal anesthetics since. Onset of anesthesia occurs in 3 to 5 min with a duration of anesthesia that lasts for 1 to 1.5 h. Lidocaine spinal anesthesia should be used for short to intermediate length operating room cases, and the most common ampule is 5% lidocaine in 7.5% dextrose. One drawback of lidocaine has been the association with transient neurologic symptoms (TNS), which presents as low back pain and lower extremity dysesthesias with radiation to the buttocks, thighs, and lower limbs after recovery from spinal anesthesia. TNS occurs in about 14% of patients receiving lidocaine spinal anesthesia.[65-67] Because of the risk of TNS associated with lidocaine, other intermediate-acting local anesthetics are being studied to see if their association with TNS may be less.
Bupivacaine is a viable alternative to lidocaine for spinal anesthesia and has been used frequently with very little incidence of TNS.[68-70] Onset of anesthesia occurs in to 8 min with a duration of anesthesia that lasts from 210 to 240 min; thus it is appropriate for intermediate to long operating room cases. For outpatient spinal anesthesia, small doses of bupivacaine are recommended to avoid prolonged discharge time due to inability to void. Bupivacaine has replaced lidocaine as the most commonly used spinal local anesthetic in the United States. Bupivacaine is often packaged as 0.75% in 8.25% dextrose. Other forms of spinal bupivacaine include 0.5% with or without dextrose and 0.75% without dextrose.
Tetracaine has an onset of anesthesia within 3 to 5 min and a duration of 210 to 240 min, and like bupivacaine, is used for cases that are intermediate to longer length. The package of 1% solution is often mixed with 10% glucose in equal parts to form a hyperbaric spinal anesthetic that is used for perineal and abdominal surgery. With tetracaine, TNS occurs at a lower rate than with lidocaine spinal anesthesia. The addition of phenylephrine may play a role in the development of TNS.[71-73]
Mepivacaine is very similar to lidocaine and has been used since the 1960s for spinal anesthesia. The incidence of TNS reported after mepivacaine spinal anesthesia varies widely, with rates from 0% to 30%.[74-76] Ropivacaine was introduced in 1996. For applications in spinal anesthesia, ropivacaine has been found to be less potent than spinal bupivacaine. Ropivacaine has significantly less risk of TNS than spinal lidocaine. Studies comparing ropivacaine to bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia are in progress.[77-79] Table 4 shows some of the local anesthetics used for spinal anesthesia and dosage duration, and concentration for different levels of spinal blockade.[79-88]
Additives to Local Anesthesia
Vasoconstrictors have been added to local anesthetics, and both epinephrine and phenylephrine have been studied. Anesthesia is intensified and prolonged with smaller doses of local anesthetics when epinephrine or phenylephrine is added. Tissue vasoconstriction is produced, thus limiting the systemic reabsorption of the local anesthetic and prolonging the duration of action by keeping the local anesthetic in contact with the nerve fibers. However, complications can occur after the use of vasoconstrictors in spinal anesthesia. In some studies, epinephrine was implicated as the cause of cauda equina syndrome because of anterior spinal artery ischemia, but most studies do not demonstrate an association between the use of vasoconstrictors for spinal anesthesia and the incidence of cauda equina.[89,90] Phenylephrine has been shown to be associated with TNS.[73,91]
Epinephrine is thought to work by decreasing local anesthetic uptake and thus prolonging the spinal blockade of some local anesthetics. Vasoconstrictors can cause ischemia, and there is concern of spinal cord ischemia when epinephrine is added to spinal anesthetics. Animal models have not shown any decrease in spinal cord blood flow or increase in spinal cord ischemia when epinephrine is given for spinal blockade, even though some neurologic complications associated with the addition of epinephrine exist.[47,49,92,93]
Epinephrine comes packaged as 1mg in 1 mL, which is a 1:1000 solution. The dosage of epinephrine added to local anesthetics is 0.1 to 0.5mg, meaning 0.1mLto 0.5mLis added to the local anesthetic solution. Adding 0.1mLof epinephrine to 10 mL of local anesthetic yields a 1:100,000 concentration of epinephrine. Adding 0.1 mL of epinephrine to 20 mL of local anesthetic yields a 1:200,000 concentration, and so on (0.1 mL in 30 mL = 1:300,000). Calculation of epinephrine concentration does not need to be complex if this simple formula is remembered.
Epinephrine prolongs the duration of spinal anesthesia.[94-96] In the past, it was thought that epinephrine had no effect on hyperbaric spinal bupivacaine using two-segment regression to test neural blockade.[97] However, a recent study showed that epinephrine prolongs the duration of hyperbaric spinal bupivacaine when pinprick, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) equivalent to surgical stimulation (at umbilicus, pubis, knee, and ankle), and tolerance of a pneumatic thigh tourniquet were used to determine neural blockade.[98] Currently there is controversy regarding prolongation of spinal bupivacaine neural blockade when epinephrine is added.[99-102] The same controversy exists about the prolongation of spinal lidocaine with epinephrine.[103-107] Epinephrine likely prolongs spinal blockade with both bupivacaine and lidocaine. All three types of opioid receptors are found in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and serve as the target for intrathecal opioid injection. Receptors are located on spinal cord neurons and terminals of afferents originating in the dorsal root ganglion. Fentanyl, sufentanil, meperidine, and morphine have all been used intrathecally. Side effects that may be seen include pruritus, nausea and vomiting, and respiratory depression.[108-112]
Alpha-2-adrenergic agonists can be added to spinal injections of local anesthetics in order to enhance pain relief and prolong sensory block and motor block. Enhanced postoperative analgesia has been demonstrated in cesarean deliveries, fixation of femoral fractures, and knee arthroscopies when clonidine was added to the local anesthetic solution. Clonidine prolongs the sensory and motor blockade of a local anesthetic after spinal injection.[113-115] Sensory blockade is thought to be mediated by both presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms. Clonidine induces hyperpolarization at the ventral horn of the spinal cord and facilitates the action of the local anesthetic, thus prolonging motor blockade when used as an additive. However, when used alone in intrathecal injections, clonidine does not cause motor block or weakness.116 Side effects can occur with the use of spinal clonidine, and include hypotension, bradycardia, and sedation. Currently, neuraxial clonidine is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for intractable neuropathic pain.[117,118]
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine and produce analgesia when injected intrathecally. The antinociceptive effects are due to increased acetylcholine and generation of nitricoxide. It has been shown in a rat model that diabetic neuropathy can be alleviated after intrathecal neostigmine injection.[119] Side effects of intrathecal neostigmine include nausea and vomiting, bradycardia requiring atropine, anxiety, agitation, restlessness, and lower extremity weakness.[120-122] Although spinal neostigmine provides extended pain control, the side effects that occur do not allow its widespread use.


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- Conditions your beard and face by making the follicles softer
- Scented with wonderfully woody hints of pine, balsam, and cedar
- Contains all natural oils
If you're new to the beard lifestyle, you might not have heard of products like this one before. This is an oil that goes on your beard and that provides conditioning and a great scent. It makes the follicles softer, which prevents them from being irritating. This includes all natural oils and, where the fragrance is concerned, the ingredients live up to the name. It includes pine and other woody scents, balsam and cedar, that really make it pleasant. It's certainly all man, but it's also very youthful and energetic.
Put a bit of this on your follicles and you'll see the difference right away. As you start taking better care of your facial hair, you'll also notice benefits to the skin underneath that make it even more worth the effort. If you want to go for styling, waxes and other products are perfect and offer something of an old fashioned flair that make it easy to get an incredible look that will get you noticed. Take the time to style and you'll see why facial hair is all the rage right now!
Size: 30ml
Made in USA


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Institutional investors say they will sharply reduce their use of money market funds if the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) adopts either a net asset value float, a redemption holdback or capital buffer requirements on the industry, according to a report released by the Investment Company Institute.
That could cost money market funds hundreds of billions of dollars in assets, according to Treasury Strategies, author of the report for ICI, called Money Market Fund Regulations: The Voice of the Treasurer.
Institutions currently account for about $1.3 trillion of the $2.7 trillion held in money market funds, according to Treasury Strategies. If a floating net asset value were to come to be, institutions would pull 61 percent of their holdings in money market funds, according to the study.
That would mean more than $700 billion would be pulled out of money market funds, according to Cathy Gregg, a partner at Treasury Strategies.
That could severely disrupt the industry, calling its survival into question, she suggested.
And commercial banks, she said, are not ready to take the additional deposits. They are "awash in liquidity" and can't find productive uses for the assets they already hold. The additional funds also would force them to hold more capital and pay higher federal deposit insurance fees.
The Treasury Strategies study shows that a majority of treasurers would either scale back their use of money market funds or discontinue use of them altogether if any of these three regulatory concepts went into effect. The ICI commissioned the survey, which was conducted by Treasury Strategies, Inc. The consulting firm polled 203 corporate treasurers, government and institutional investors.
In particular, the report's results show that:
If money market fund NAVs were required to float:
• 79 percent of respondents would either decrease their use or discontinue altogether.
• 61 percent of corporate money market fund assets would move to other investments if this concept were adopted.
2. If money market funds were required to institute a 30-day holdback of 3 percent of all redemptions:
• 90 percent of respondents would either decrease their use or discontinue altogether.
• 67 percent of corporate money market fund assets would move to other investments if this concept were adopted.
3. If money market funds were required to maintain a loss reserve or capital buffer:
• 36 percent of respondents would either decrease their use or discontinue altogether when the question did not suggest that investors would suffer any reduced yield.
• In a follow-up question directed to the 64 percent who initially stated they would continue or increase their usage of money funds, 84 percent of the follow-up respondents indicated they would decrease or stop their usage altogether if the capital buffer were to reduce the yield of the fund by 5 basis points.
• The report makes no estimate on the decline in assets if the SEC imposes a capital buffer on money market funds. However, the number of treasurers using money market funds is expected to decrease dramatically should this concept be adopted.
The Institute will file the study as part of a new comment letter to the SEC. Treasurers are crucial users of money market funds: institutional share classes account for $1.7 trillion, or 65 percent, of the $2.7 trillion in money market funds asset as of the end of February 2012, the ICI said.
"The message from treasurers is clear. While they value money funds, they will simply abandon the instrument should any of these concepts be adopted. The potential implications of such a widespread run away from money funds are staggering," stated Gregg.
Tom Steinert-Threlkeld contributed to this report.
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You Can't Detect What You Can't See: Illuminating the Entire Kill Chain
On-Demand Webinar
QoS is best for multimedia connections
An engineering axiom states that it's easier to add features early in the design rather than retrofit them later. Ethernet and TCP/IP were designed to handle data transmissions, which are more forgiving than video or voice connections, so enhancing TCP/IP to support multimedia transmissions has been challenging.
Currently, information travels across most Ethernet networks in a random fashion. In a series of 10 packets, packet No. 8 may arrive at the destination before packet No. 6. The computer at the receiving end reorders the packets so the information is presented correctly to an end user.
Packet arrival order is not important with most data applications, but it is vital with video and voice transmissions. If packets arrive out of sequence, a video transmission may jumble or a voice connection may become garbled.
Bandwidth contention is a related problem. On an Ethernet network, bandwidth is parceled out on the fly. Suppose a user begins sending a large file when no one else is using the network and the transmission starts out fine. If a neighbor then starts to access a database, the transmission could slow to a crawl. With a file transfer, the only impact is that the user has to wait a bit longer.
Video and voice applications cannot tolerate such fluctuations. If two users are conversing and the available bandwidth shrinks, a transmission will jar or possibly break completely. So these applications require bandwidth to be available throughout the session.
Quality of service (QoS) solves these problems by opening up a clear communication line between two end points so packets can move unencumbered. ATM was designed from the ground up to support this capability.
In recent years, vendors have worked to retrofit QoS for Ethernet. While they've made progress, the options are not as robust as those found with ATM. "ATM now offers users four classes of services with three widely deployed; that is not the case with TCP/IP," says Carl Engineer, director of marketing at Cisco Systems Inc.'s eWan Business Unit, in San Jose, Calif.
It's not clear whether IP proponents will be able to match the level of QoS functionality that ATM offers. "IP equipment vendors must overcome a series of significant technical challenges to match ATM QoS," notes Tim Hale, senior product marketing manager at 3Com Corp.'s Marlboro, Mass., office. "Can they be solved? I don't see how it will be done, but I've learned in this business never to say never." --P.K.
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A survey by Teachers TV has found that nearly a third of the 1200 teachers who participated belive that creationism should be given the same status as evolution in the classroom. More worryingly, out of the 248 science teachers who were included in the poll, 18% agreed with this notion. Should these people really be allowed to call themselves science teachers?
I do have a few doubts about this poll. It was conducted via email, which means that selection bias could be a factor. Those who are strongly propionate's either way about this issue are more likely to respond to an email poll than those who aren't too bothered. This could likely mean that the percentage of science teachers in the UK who believe creationism should be taught in school is lower than 18%. This isn't really that important to what I have to say, however.
Regardless of how representative the poll is, there are still 44 (or possibly 45, as 18% of 248 doesn't give you a whole number) science teachers out there who would like to teach creationism in their lessons as an equal alternative to evolution. This is nonsense.
I'm largely reiterating points I laid out in the wake of the Michael Reiss incident, in which the director of education at the Royal Society was widely misreported to have called for creationism to be taught in science lessons, ultimately leading to his dismissal from the post. What he actually said is that science teachers should be able to answer questions on creationism rather than deflect them, and more importantly show why it is not science.
Creationism isn't science for the same reason that science cannot prove or disprove the existence of God: it's unobservable, untestable and most importantly cannot be falsified. Evolution can be falsified. For example, if DNA sequencing of two species that appear to be similar (say, chimpanzees and humans) showed wildly different genomes, then it could not be possible that we evolved from a common ancestor. Fortunately for evolution, we share something like 96% of our genes with chimps.
The previous paragraph is an example of how I would like to see creationism taught in schools. Thankfully, almost half of the surveys respondents agree with me, in that they feel the complete exclusion of creationism from the classroom is counter-productive. The question is, how do you change the minds of those teachers who truly believe it is science?


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Keep up with your fitness routine while enjoying the fresh air and views of Napa Valley. Stay motivated with our hotel's RunWESTIN program, and take advantage of guided group runs, running maps and more.
Guided Runs
Our hotel's RunWESTIN running concierges lead 5km guided group runs on request. Runners of all levels are welcome.
Meet us in the lobby for the guided group runs. Please bring signed waivers, which need to be filled out prior to run.
If you have any questions, please contact us.
Running Routes
We offer maps designed and certified by Runner's World Magazine for Napa Valley running routes around the hotel. Maps are available at the concierge and feature 5km and 8km jogging/walking routes from our hotel as well as running tips.
Gear Lending with New Balance®
We offer New Balance clothing and shoes for Westin guests to use during their stay for a fee, so you can pack light and stay fit (winter running attire not included).
Simply dial Service Express® and request your shoe and clothing size and they will be conveniently delivered to your guest room. Shoes come with socks that are brand new and apparel is provided fresh and clean. Upon departure, simply leave the items in your room in their carryall.
Fitness Redemption Program
Reach Step-Count Goals to Win SPG Points
Our new Fitness Redemption Program encourages guests to win SPG points by completing 15,000 steps per day, which must be tracked on a wearable fitness device like a Fitbit®. Once a guest hits the 15,000 step mark, travelers must then post an image of the number of steps achieved to their Facebook, Twitter and/or Instagram profiles using the hashtag #WestinNapaWellness and geotagging The Westin Verasa Napa.
To receive points, the resort's concierge team will contact the participating guests directly to request the name on the reservation and their SPG number. Participants will obtain 1,000 SPG points per reservation per day and can collect up to 5,000 total SPG points per stay. At the end of each quarter, the guest who posted the most steps over the past three months will attain an additional 5,000 SPG points.


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College of Business Graduate Programs
"The Master of Accountancy program (MAcct) has helped me succeed by providing a more expansive view of accounting while continually tying back to the fundamentals learned at the undergraduate level. In addition to the classroom education, the MAcct program has emphasized prioritization, time management, and accountability, which makes me feel more prepared for a career in accounting."
Alaina Abbott, MAcct '15
"The Master of Business Administration program at the University of Montana has been a tremendously valuable experience. It has given me the tools and ability to take my career to the next level."
Gabriel Millar, MBA '14


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Recorders and Players
Recorder Player Problems? Ask a Technician for Answers ASAP
Panasonic DMR-BWT735EB: for subtitles on a timer recording you have to change Conv from off and set DR mode to change to one of the others. After standby, when the conversion from DR is made, I lose the picture and just get a pink, speckling screen.
Page 33 of the manual says you have to set the default DR mode to convert (during standby) otherwise no subtitles but pageXXXXXmode includes subtitles. By experiment that is only with manual recoding. Timer settings requite Conv no longer be off. Also, by experiment, I get the pink/mauve screen after standby no matter which format I set in timer recording.
Yes, recording from freeview HD using timer record. I go into the Guide, select the future program and choose either single or series . The mode is DR by default with subtitles off. You can only set subtitles (to auto = on if available) if you change Conv to one of the listed formats. Leave Conv off or set it to off and subtitles are off. Immediately after recording, but before the conversion takes place in standby, the program plays with subtitles. Once converted the picture is just a pink with a few fleckles.
Hi, Yes, worked ok on a normal SD channel. Went from DR to SP with subtitles (BBC two Freeview 2). It would appear to be a problem on HD channels.
it is not that the subtitles are missing. It is that the screen is completely pink - no picture at all - once setting Conv from off to a format.
Actually, I need to experiment with Conv set to a format (and not off) but with subtitles off to see if it is the attempt to record subtitles from an HD channel that is causing problems. Subtitles record OK manually on an HD channel in DR mode.


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Israeli Government (1997)
At the time of this writing, the current government is involved in coalition negotiations.
This is a constant of Israeli politics and is viewed cynically by the public. We deserve better than the governments that emerge from the usual "horse-trading" that goes on in smoke-filled rooms far from our sight. Yes, we deserve better. I did this cartoon in 1997. It hangs on my wall and never fails to get a laugh.Most Drybones cartoons have no backgrounds, but in this one I wanted a feeling of Mr. Shuldig "speaking for the people" so I drew a typical Israeli cityscape in the background behind him.
On the left side of each background is a typical Israeli residential building, complete with box-like balconies and an old TV antenna on its roof. To the right of our hero we can see a tall, lovely palm tree, but the sure sign that this is an Israeli city is the black box leaning back on the roof of the building just to the left of Mr. Shuldig. Another of these black boxes is on the roof of the building to the extreme right (hard to see 'cause it's cropped by the right edge of the cartoon). These are Israeli solar energy rooftop hot water heaters! And they are everywhere! We have strong legislation promoting the use of solar energy. The law requires all apartment buildings, hotels, hospitals and schools to install these solar water heating rooftop devices. Inside each, A black pipe snakes around behind a class window to bring us our hot water (after it's been pre-heated by the rays of the sun). In the photo below you can see two such rooftop solar heaters. Next to each is a cylindrical water tank.
Labels: Shuldig


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The Players:
Yack- me. 0-2 with The Legend in the contest. WSOP casher. Sometimes caller to The Junkies. Member of the infamous Corner Club.
The Legend- retired something or other, friend of my father, uncle, and me- I guess, and lifelong LA Dodgers fan. He once knocked out the Pittsburgh Parrot at Three Rivers Stadium, and somehow was not arrested.
The Fat Man, aka, Fat Fuck- nickname given to my father by The Legend. For what it's worth, my father is 5'11", 193 lbs. Not exactly a "fat fuck", especially for a guy in his 60s whose in pretty good health.
Uncle Dummy, aka, Cement Head- my uncle, my father's younger brother. He's not dumb and his head is not made of cement. In fact, a very successful electrician/foreman. The Legend looks down on "blue collars".
Judge Patrick- my younger, funnier brother, and sometime contributor to the blog and Twitter one liners. He said of Twitter three years ago, "I fucking hate it. It's the official death of Western Civilization." He hasn't had a Twitter account in 3 years.
Legend's Email dated July 14th, 2015:
We are now officially registered for the westgate football super contest. Our alias is ''THE YACK''……..just a couple of points I wish to bring to ur attention… first it is like a baseball game three strikes and ur fuckin OUT…. Even being the nephew of uncle ''dummy'' u can figure out what I am talking about… second I don't want u to tap out in week 6/7 like u elected to do so last year, u acted like a beaten down bitch slapped pussy….. and most importantly this year I firmly expect u wear ur ''BIG'' boy pants and do well in the contest. If u don't have any ''BIG'' boy pants u cud always borrow a pair from the ''FAT'' man. Best of luck to us……


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From the FastAttach® or FastAttach Web login screen, click the red "Forgot Password?" link. This will display the Forgot Password web page. Enter your Facility ID and your username. Please note that all fields are case sensitive.
Click the Next button. When prompted, enter the answer to the security question for your username and click Next. Confirm that your email address is correct, then click Reset Password. The system will automatically email you a temporary password.
Once received, log into FastAttach with the temporary password. You will be prompted to update your password. New passwords must be at least 8 characters, any combination of letters and numbers.
Go to https://www.nea-fast.com/install/, or select Install from the website navigation bar.
Click the Download FastAttach button, then select Run.
If you are using a different browser than Internet Explorer, you may be prompted to Save the installer. You will need to locate and open FastAttachInstaller_Net40.exe from the directory it was saved to, usually the Downloads folder.
Follow the prompts until you reach the End User License Agreement. In order to proceed, you must click Agree to agree to the Terms of Service.
After the installation is complete, click Close. The FastAttach icon will appear on the desktop; double click it to launch the FastAttach application. Enter your Facility ID (Account #), user name, and password, then click Login.
To uninstall FastAttach, follow these steps:
FastAttach is now completely removed from your system.
The most important feature in choosing a scanner is that it has a transparency adapter in the lid. These scanners are designed to scan translucent film, such as x-rays. It is also important to note the size of the transparency adapter.
In addition to a scanner, you can use FastKapture; it is NEA's mobile app that enables you to secure capture images from any camera-enabled mobile device. Once the image is captured, it can be securely transmitted to the FastAttach repository for use in attachments. For additional information on FastKapture, go to Products & Services, then select FastKapture.
Log into FastAttach and click the Payor Information button. This will display a list of all the insurance companies accepting attachments from NEA. This list is automatically updated each time you log into FastAttach.
You may also view participating payors by clicking the "How do I display the list of participating payors in the website?" FAQ.
FastAttach securely transmits electronic attachments via a secure internet connection to the NEA secure repository. Once received, NEA assigns a unique tracking number to the attachment which the provider places in the "Remarks" section of the claim, then transmits the completed claim electronically to the payor. Attachments are then stored for secure viewing by the payors who receive them.
Payors may only view attachments that were transmitted specifically to them by sending providers.
No. FastAttach stores your images in a secure offsite repository, not on your office computers.
There are two ways to locate and view attachments sent through FastAttach. You can access the history of all attachments for a patient from within FastAttach, or you can search for a specific attachment through FastAttach Web.
Yes, all fields on the Login screen are case-sensitive.
We strongly advise each user to have an individual username. Different user names may be logged into the same FastAttach account at the same time from different workstations, however a single user name may only be logged into one workstation at a time.
Logging in is required because FastAttach users may access previously stored PHI via FastAttach.
There is no cost associated with installing FastAttach on multiple workstations within the same office. However, you are required to purchase an additional account if your practice operates at more than one location.
Please see the "How do I install FastAttach®" FAQ for instructions on how to install FastAttach on additional workstations.
Each screen's name is displayed in the top-most title bar of FastAttach. This bar will have "NEA FastAttach:" followed by the title of the screen in the top left corner. You will also see your Facility ID and Username in the middle of the title bar.
There are four ways to add providers in FastAttach, depending on how you use the software:
Without an Interface
If you are using FastAttach without an interface (also referred to as "standalone"), login into FastAttach and click Provider Information. Click New, and then enter your provider's information in the fields on the lower left portion of the screen.
With an Interface
If you are using practice management or clearinghouse software that has an interface with FastAttach (meaning you have a means of automatically sending your patient claim information into FastAttach from another software or service), new providers are added when the claim information is imported into FastAttach.
You will only need to enter the NPI number and select a specialty for that provider. Once all fields are completed, click the Save button.
Via FastAttach Web
Option 1: Select Online Features from FastAttach, then select Providers from the left-hand navigation menu. Click Add. Enter the provider's information in the fields provided and click Save.
Option 2: Select FastAttach Web from the NEA website, then log in using your FastAttach credentials. Select Providers from the left-hand navigation menu. Click Add. Enter the provider's information in the fields provided and click Save.
No. While an NEA# will give you the exact result, you may also search by date of birth, first or last name, health plan, date of service or date created.
No. Once an attachment has been sent and the receipt has been generated, the attachment cannot be altered.
Helpful Tips:
The PRN is the payor-assigned reference number located on an Explanation of Benefits (EOB) letter that is requesting additional information regarding a claim or prior authorization. Depending on the payor, it may be referred to by a number of terms, such as Document Control Number, DCN, Claim ID Number, File Reference Number, File Control Number, etc.
Generally, you should use the NPI number that you use for billing purposes and on insurance claims. If your practice has multiple providers, use the doctor's individual NPI number.
There are two ways to update your billing information with NEA:
NEA Master IDs are similar to payor IDs – ID numbers that represent payors in the NEA system. Interfaces use the ID numbers to match payor information from a claim or prior authorization to the NEA payor list when passing this information into FastAttach. This information is also available under Health Plans in FastAttach Web.
To view NEA Master IDs, log into FastAttach and click Payor Information, or log into FastAttach Web and select Health Plans. To the right of each payor name, a 6-digit number will display. This number is the NEA Master ID.
You can use FastAttach for Coordination of Benefits by creating an attachment that contains an image of your primary EOB, and the patient's secondary payor selected the Data Entry screen.
Your images are saved in the NEA secure repository. They may be viewed by patient via the Archive button on the Data Entry screen, or searched for in FastAttach Web by selecting Patients or Sent from under Attachments.
There are two ways to respond to an Explanation of Benefits (EOB) using FastAttach. In each case, you will need to enter the Payor Reference Number (PRN – see "What is a Payor Reference Number (PRN) and where do I find it?") into the appropriate field.
Click here.
NEA's staff has extensive experience in secure electronic document exchange. From inquiry to implementation to ongoing customer service, our professional support team works closely with our clients. Our technical and customer support is unparalleled in the industry. We provide continuous service to improve your workflow, simplify the documentation transmission process, and exceed your expectations.


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Tuesday, February 7th, 2017 10:38 AM
New Album + Kickstarter!
I'm so excited to announce the March 10th release of my new record, The Penny Collector! In order to get this project off the ground, I'd love your help. Please click on the link to hear the story of this project and find out how you can be a part of this journey with me. I am in awe of your continued support of what I do. Thank you thank you!
Thursday, June 16th, 2016 9:15 AM
It's been a year since my papa passed. And I'm making a new record in his honor. Today, I wrote him a letter.....
Tuesday, May 10th, 2016 9:38 AM
Northeast with Sam Baker!
Sam and I are in the Northeast this week.....flip on over to my tour page for show details!
Sunday, January 17th, 2016 10:48 AM
Good Morning, Dad!
Click HERE to read Good Morning, Dad!
Monday, August 31st, 2015 9:57 AM
Leaving on September 6th for an exceptionally long European run with Danny Schmidt and then again with Sam Baker. YES and YES! Hope to see you soon!!!


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The closure of the News of World contributed to a 38 per cent drop in operating income at News Corp's newspaper division, the company announced this morning.
News Corp was also hit with $91m (£57m) in restructuring costs as a result of the decision to close the scandal-hit title in July.
Results released today show total revenue for News Corp in the first quarter of its financial year stood at $7.96bn (£4.98bn), up 7 per cent year on year. Operating income was up 21 per cent to $1.39bn, thanks to a strong performance by its its cable TV division, but overall net income was down 3 per cent to $738m
Operating income from its newspaper publishing business – which includes The Sun, The Times, The Sunday Times, the New York Post and the Wall Steret Journal – fell from $110m (£68.9m) to $68m (£42.5m) year on year, which the company said reflected the 'impact from the closure of The News of the World in the UK as well as lower advertising revenues at the Australian newspapers and integrated marketing services business".
It also claimed the drop was partially offset by higher advertising and circulation revenue at The Wall Street Journal.
Commenting on the results, chairman and chief executive officer Rupert Murdoch said: 'The exceptional strength of our financial results during the first quarter across the majority of our segments is confirmation that News Corporation's core operations are strong and that we are on course to achieve our strategic and financial objectives.
'While we continue to remain mindful of the persistent economic uncertainty in many parts of the globe, I am proud of News Corporation's achievements over the past quarters.
"We have leveraged our strong assets and solid management team to successfully navigate these unpredictable times. Coupled with our long-term view, I have every confidence that we will build upon these results in the coming quarters and continue to provide consistent stockholder value."


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Gen Con 2014 will be held August 14th-17th at the Indiana Convention Center in Indianapolis, Indiana. Gen Con is the world's largest gaming convention with over 48,000 unique attendees last year.
We spotlight films and web series from around the world.
The Gen Con Indy Film Festival focuses on genres that appeal to our gaming attendees. These include, Fantasy, Sci-fi, Horror, Gaming, Thriller, or anything geek friendly. We welcome Comedies, Dramas, Live Action, Animated, and Documentaries.
Cash Prizes will be awarded in the categories:
· Best Feature Film $300 and a Booth at Gen Con 2015 (Aprox. $1600 value)
· Best Short Film $100
· Best Series $100 and a Booth at Gen Con 2015
(Aprox. $1600 value)
Additionally certificates will be awarded to the following selections:
· Best Animated Film
· Best Gamer Film
· Best Documentary Film
· Best Fantasy Film
· Best Sci-Fi Film
· Best Horror Film
Filmmakers are encouraged to attend and participate in the many film related panels, discussions, and events during the festival.
For more information please check out the following URLs.


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Summer Sports
In the summertime, everyone's thoughts turn to the outdoors. We want to get out in the sun and have some fun. Some people do exercise outdoors, such as running, walking, and biking, all year long ...View Article
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Payment Options
Most insurance plans are accepted at our office. Listed on this page are some of insurance companies we accept. If you do not see your insurance provider listed, or are unsure of your coverage, do not hesitate to call us. Our staff will verify and explain your benefits before treatment, at no charge. Our billing is done "in house" now and we have a billing department that is on site during all office hours that is very knowledgable in chiropractic billing and can help assist you with any insurance or billing needs.
Many health plans reimburse for a portion of chiropractic treatment. Due to variations in insurance policies (even under the same carrier), we recommend that you contact your insurance company or benefits coordinator to verify your policy benefits.
We are preferred providers for most health insurance companies and accept worker's compensation and personal injury (motor vehicle accident) insurance. The following is a partial list of insurance companies for which we are preferred providers:
We also accept cash, checks, MasterCard and Visa. Payment plans are available for patients who require treatment, but are unable to pay in full at the time of service.
Any questions concerning insurance and benefits can be answered by contacting our office at (740-886-7878) and ask for Virginia.


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US-based library consortium, founded in 1974. It collaboratively produced: the Research Libraries Information Network (RLIN), a union catalogue comprising more than 100 million bibliographic records; the ArchiveGrid and RedLightGreen ...
Subjects: Bibliography.
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Know more about this business than we do? Cool! Please submit any corrections or missing details you may have.Help us make it right
Quincy College is an open access institution that encourages academic achievement and excellence, diversity, economic opportunity, community involvement, and lifelong learning. The College facilitates valuable learning relationships that inspire students to realize their educational and professional futures.
Looking for the Quincy College Alumni group? The Quincy College Alumni page allows our alumni to stay connected professionally and helps current Quincy College students connect to successful alumni in their fields of interest. This group is for all alumni, faculty, staff, and students of Quincy College. Click here: www.linkedin.com/groups/Quincy-Colleg...
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Class sizes are appropriate, course content is 'real world' pertinent, and although maybe a bit tricky still, course selection & registration has greatly improved for returning students. Genuinely pleased with the QUALITY education I received here!!
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Founded in 1958, Quincy College is a two-year college that offers more than 500 courses and provides associate degrees in business, computer science, criminal justice, fine and liberal arts, early childhood education, fire science technology, nursing and legal studies. Additionally, the college offers certificate programs in various fields, including computer applications and science, exercise...
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For U.S. orders, if you need to return an item and you have a registered account, simply login to your account, view the order using the "Completed Orders" link under the "My Account" menu, and click the "Return Item(s)" button. We'll notify you via e-mail of your refund once we've received and processed the returned item. If you do not have an account and checked out as a guest, just contact us to receive a Return Authorization number for your return. In either case, we'll also pay the return shipping costs if the return is a result of our error (you received an incorrect item) or because the item you received is defective in some way.
In the case of a return for refund, refunds will be for the full cost of the item(s), less shipping. If items are exchanged, there will be no additional shipping charge for shipping of the requested exchange item.
Because of the high cost of shipping involved with international orders, we regret that replacement must be limited to items that are defective. Please contact us regarding any such problems. Thanks!
Domestic Shipping:
In the lower 48 states, shipping is a flat $5.00 regardless of the size of the order or whether it ships in one box or multiple boxes. Although we warehouse and ship most items directly, in order to keep prices as low as possible, we occasionally have items shipped to customers directly from the manufacturer. (For example, if a manufacturer is in California and our customer is in Oregon, it doesn't make sense from any perspective to have the item shipped to us in Wisconsin, only to ship it right back to the west coast. All that shipping substantially increases the price of the item, not to mention that it's an environmentally unfriendly system.)
Also, please provide an actual street address for shipping (not simply a post office box). While we often ship by USPS Priority Mail, where we are able to ship to a box, other items go by FedEx or UPS, and with those carriers, that is not possible. Thanks!
Outside the lower 48 states (i.e., Alaska, Hawaii, and territories), shipping will be included automatically at checkout according to the following scale:
Amount of Purchase Shipping Charge
Up to $29.99 $9.99
$30.00 to $49.99 $12.99
$50.00 to $79.99 $15.99
$80.00 to $99.99 $18.99
$100.00 and over $24.99
Rarely, additional shipping charges might be required on shipments outside the lower 48 for certain heavy or large items (large bags of dog food, for example). If it is necessary to charge additional shipping for something purchased by our U.S. customers outside the lower 48, we will notify you of the additional amount due. If you do not wish to complete the sale by paying any additional shipping, we will immediately refund your purchase in full or in part, according to your wishes.
We sincerely regret the necessity of occasionally having to increase the shipping charge that is calculated automatically during checkout for shipments to locations outside the contiguous U.S. The only way to prevent it is to simply make such items unavailable for shipment to those locations, which we don't wish to do. Thanks very much.
Shipping to Canada:
We happily ship to Canada any items we can ship by either USPS Priority Mail International or Express Mail International. We do not ship to Canada using any of the private courier companies in order to avoid excessive customs brokers fees being charged to our Canadian customers. We are also no longer shipping to Canada by First-Class Mail International because of the unavailability of tracking and the long delivery time occasionally experienced by our customers. The following charges apply to shipping and handling of orders shipped to Canadian addresses, and will be included automatically upon checkout:
Amount of Purchase Shipping Charge
Up to $49.99 $25.00
$50.00 to $74.99 $30.00
$75.00 to $124.99 $35.00
$125.00 and over $40.00
These shipping costs do not include any additional duties or taxes.
In the event that we cannot ship a particular item to Canada for any reason, we will notify you right away. At your election, we will either refund just that portion of your order (including any related shipping charges) or cancel the order in its entirety.
Rarely, additional shipping charges might be required on shipments to Canada for certain heavy items (large bags of dog food, for example). If it is necessary to charge additional shipping for something purchased by our Canadian customers, we will notify you of the additional amount due. If you do not wish to complete the sale by paying any additional shipping, we will immediately refund your purchase in full or in part, according to your wishes.
We sincerely regret the necessity of occasionally having to increase the shipping charge that is calculated automatically during checkout for shipments to Canada. The only way to prevent it is to simply make such items unavailable to Canadian customers, which we don't wish to do, either. We thank our Canadian customers for their understanding.
International Shipping:
We can ship to virtually any address in the world. There are some exceptions, such as country-specific restrictions on some products, or items that are so large that they exceed the maximum package sizes set by the USPS. However, in response to numerous requests from VPO friends in other countries, we are pleased to offer international shipping of most of our items.
In order to keep shipping costs as low as possible for our international customers, we compute the actual shipping for a given order. We ship by either USPS Priority Mail International (usually 6-10 days) or Express Mail International (usually 3-5 days).
When a customer from a country other than the U.S. or Canada places an order, no shipping charges will appear during checkout. When we receive the order, we will contact you and tell you what the shipping charge would be for your order.
If you use a credit card for your purchase, no charges will actually be processsed against your card until you have been contacted about the cost of shipping. At that time, if you wish to proceed with the sale and pay the shipping, your card will then be charged for the total amount of the items plus shipping. If you do not wish to pay for the shipping charges, the sale will be voided.
If you use PayPal for the purchase, the amount of the sale (without shipping) will be charged immediately. Once we contact you with your shipping costs, if you decide not to proceed with the sale, your purchase will immediately be refunded in full. (That refund will be made by PayPal to whatever funding source you used for your purchase.) If you wish to pay the additional shipping costs, we will send you a secure electronic invoice for the additional amount due for shipping and handling.
If you prefer to know the total cost including shipping first, you can simply contact us and let us know the items you are interested in ordering. We will then provide you with the total cost of the order, including shipping costs. If you wish to proceed with the purchase, we will send you a secure electronic invoice for the total.
International shipping charges include only shipping and handling, and do not include any additional duties or taxes that might be levied in our customer's country of residence.


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The iPod Classic, Apple's oldest current MP3 player, may be axed this year along with the smaller iPod Shuffle, according to growing rumours in the industry. Apple's recent announcement of a "product transition" could be within the iPod line as reported by an unnamed source cited by The Unofficial Apple Weblog.
Traditionally Apple has refreshed its iPod range in the Autumn but this year's event is expected to be to announce the new iPhone.
This year marks the tenth anniversary of the iPod, and the iPod Classic retains its basic features essentially unchanged. Apple's transition to flash-based memory solutions instead of iPod's hard drive could be further reason for the decision.
These products are the lowest selling of Apple's iPod range and some of the oldest still in the market, according to Cnet. In the fourth quarter of 2010, iPod sales accounted for only the 8 per cent of the company's total income.
"A big part of Apple's success is because of its focus on making just a handful of great products and curating an experience around them in its famously minimal retail stores," Donald Bell from Cnet said. "If today's iPod is just taking up space without paying the rent, maybe it's time to go."
The first generation of iPod Shuffle was introduced in 2005 and was immediately criticised for the absence of a screen, making it similar to a memory stick with music playback functions. The iPod Classic was launched in 2001 to become the key product of Apple's revival in recent years.


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The College's University level provision was reviewed by the Quality Assurance Agency in 2014 which found that it met UK standards in all respects. The reviewers noted many areas of good practice, including the high quality of teaching and learning and the approachability of staff.
Following the retirement of Principal Amanda Mosek, Boston College has announced the appointment of Jo Maher, new Principal and Chief Executive, who joins the team from Reaseheath College in Cheshire where she was Assistant Principal.


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Megan Hanner, D.O. is a board certified physician here to provide comprehensive care for each member of the family. She graduated from the OSU College of Osteopathic Medicine in Tulsa and completed her residency training at St. Anthony Hospital. Let Dr. Hanner and her team provide your family with compassionate and efficient care.
Complete Family Care
- Acute Injury and Illness
- Allergy & Asthma
- Colds & Coughs
- Flu
- Sports Physicals
- Stomach Flu
- Vaccinations
- Wellness Visits
- Women's Health
Dr. Hanner accepts most major insurance plans.
For appointments call 405.387.3323


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It's Day 6 of Nanowrimo and I'm proud to say I'm still hanging in there. In addition to writing for Nanowrimo, I'm also taking part in a blogging challenge and I still have clients to work for so there is a lot of writing happening. Balancing everything has been a challenge all and of itself but I'm learning a lot about how far I can push myself to see results and I'm loving what I see.
Here's a tip I'm sure you've heard before – Always begin goals with the end in mind. Click To Tweet
And that's what I've been doing. As of this writing, the amount of words I've written is 8,739 which means I reached my first milestone of completing 5k words. Woot! The next milestone will be reaching 10K words, which I'm trying to do tonight, so wish me luck! My treat for 10K is getting one of those Lush bath bombs! It's the little things.
The goal for next week is to keep writing, simple. My habit back in the day would be to start things and to rarely see them to the end. But with learned lessons and the idea to keep the end in mind, I will get to 50,000. Though word count is important, my focus is on making sure my story's progression is on point.
I've had to stop and reread certain parts to confirm that the timelines make sense or if some of my character's reactions are warranted. The last thing I want to do is to finish the novel and when editing get all confused by the events and moments then feel discouraged to continue editing. I feel that's what happened with the first novel I completed last year. This is why it's taking me so long to finish editing it.
My second goal is to double my word count three days out of the week. Tonight, I plan to double my word count to meet my next milestone. I feel this will keep my story fresh in my mind.
Anyway, I hope you fellow Nanowrimo participants are progressing well through this challenge. You learn a lot about yourself when you dedicate yourself to a challenge. Do you agree?
See you on Day 10!


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New to Burns Park?
Welcome!!! If you have a student who is attending Burns Park for the first time, and if you have any questions at all about our school or processes, please use the contact form and we'll get an answer for you!
Look for the New Family Packet in the office if you did not attend the New Family Orientation.
On behalf of the students, staff, teachers and parents, we are so pleased that your family is joining the Burns Park community. You will find Burns Park to be a friendly school, where families work and play together to create a safe and comfortable environment for our children. We hope to meet you at one of our many back to school events. Here are a few dates for your calendar.
Welcome Back Parties: Sunday, September 4
First Day of School Coffee: Tuesday, September 6
As soon as the bell rings the PTO will host our annual first day of school coffee. Please come in the auditorium and meet some new friends and learn about different opportunities to get involved with the PTO and ask questions about our committees. Be sure to stop by the New Family table and say hi!
Curriculum Night: Tuesday, September 13
An evening event, this is a great opportunity to meet your child's teacher and learn about the curriculum and classroom plans for the year. This is an adult only event.
Fall Festival: Wednesday, September 21 (no rain date)
Bring a blanket, a picnic dinner, a dessert to share and meet some of your child's new friends. We will have a New Families table so please stop by to chat or set up your blanket nearby.
Getting Started:
Starting at a new school can make both students and parents a little nervous. Go through the school student handbook with your child to get acquainted with how our school works. If you have any questions or would like to leave a message for your child's teacher, call the school office at 994-1919. The office staff are extremely helpful and will always have an answer (or at least know where to get one!)
There are many ways to get involved at Burns Park. First, we welcome you to attend our monthly PTO meetings, held the third Thursday of every month (except December and February) at 7PM in the Media Center - free child care is provided in the gym. Our PTO currently has more than 30 committees and we're always looking for people to help out on an ongoing basis or one time only - whatever fits your schedule best. Other ways to be involved include:
- Volunteer in or outside the classroom. Think of what you like to do and how much time you have to give. Some teachers need classroom help and field trip chaperones, while others need help getting materials ready for a special project or program.
- Read the Burns Park Press. Our monthly newsletter is loaded with great information and ongoing volunteer opportunities. You can look for the press at the beginning of each month. The PTO also sends a weekly email to keep you updated.
Again, we are so very happy that you are a part of our school community. We hope that you and your child(ren) have a terrific school year.
The New Family Committe


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Enjoy The Sound Of A Ferocious Ferrari 550 GT On This Fine Friday: Video0
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The Ferrari 550 GT wasn't supposed to exist. Ferrari never intended on taking the big, two-seat 550 Maranello racing, however French privateer racing outfit Red Racing did, so in 1999, they set to work on converting the grand tourer to GT3 spec.
We all owe Red Racing a round of applause for getting the ball rolling on the Ferrari 550 GT racecar, because otherwise, the wonderful video embedded above probably wouldn't exist. It's of a Ferrari 550 GT tearing up the Reventino Hillclimb in Italy at the hands of racing driver Piero Nappi, wowing the crowds with its absurdly loud 5.5-liter V12 in the process.
Almost every Ferrari ever created emits a symphony of sound from its tailpipes capable of sending chills down your spine, but even among other V12 Ferraris, the 550 GT's noise is truly something else. Start your weekend off right by drinking in the noise of the 550 GT in the video above.


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Electric Picnic Music and Arts Festival returns to Stradbally Hall, Co. Laois on ...
Awakenings & Time Warp join forces with a brand new concept called CONNECT!
Seeing a release through Minnesota's label today is the "Noise Parade" EP from Pigeon Hole. A well-established duo within the bass scene with previous releases including "Chimp Blood," they present four cutting-edge sounds with this set.
Speaking on it, Lee...[more]
Producer tofû is back with a new track this week and this time he's teamed up tastemakers Absent Mind! If you haven't been paying attention for the last few years, tofû appeared on the scene back in 2016 and is known for his genre-switching productions – ...[more]
Miss Liang formerly known as Dj Rum and Monkey appeared on the scene not so long ago but has already gained a following around the world. Playing different styles of music ...


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Steelton man shot in eye
Victim shot in Harrisburg
Steelton man shot in eye
Victim shot in Harrisburg
HARRISBURG, Pa. —
A Steelton man was shot in the eye Wednesday night in Harrisburg, according to police.
The 31-year-old man stopped his car at 17th and Regina streets about 10:45 p.m. Wednesday, got out and talked to some people, according to witnesses.
Witnesses said they heard arguing and shooting and the man got back in the car.
Police said his injuries are not life-threatening, but he may lose his eye.
Anyone with information is asked to call Detective Jason Paul at 717-255-3154 or Lt. Robert Fegan at 717-255-3114.


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The evolution of Gothic Home Décor styles
The Gothic or Victorian style evolved during the reign of Queen Victoria which started in June 1837 and lasted till January 1901. The period had a tremendous influence on the contemporary dressing, literature, arts and décor ideas.
The essence of Gothic style is luxury and richness. Thus, wrap your room in velvet and silk fabrics from curtains to bedding to cushions. Hardwood furniture and flooring is perfect to bring the Gothic look. Add oriental rugs and paint the furnitue in black. Decorate the walls with old paintins or hang some knives and swords to create the medieval Victorian feel. Try out faux painting on the walls with different dark shades like gray, beige, tan, grey-blue, dark brown or black.
Candles are a fine choice you could get metallic holders for them. Hang a bright crystal chandelier from your high ceiling to add the perfect dose of glamour in the room. It's good if you get a classy centrepiece like a beautiful piano. If possible place some marble sculputures.


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Final Size:31.00 x 34.00 x 66.00 in.
ArtsNyou believes in basic factors of simplicity, style and comfort when it come to our complete home decor range.
ERGO Recliner range provide ultimate and unparalleled comfort; laze for hours in it with your favourite book in hand or simply switch off after a long and tiring day. Not only that, this recliner is the perfect way to do nothing on the weekends or enjoy moviee after a particularly satisfying and delicious brunch.
Recliner: 31 x 31 x 38 inches (Full Streched Width - 66 inch) Depth of seat: 15.5 inches ArmRest Width: 9 inches Height of backrest: 28 inches Seat Height from ground: 19 inches Seating Cushion: 21 x 19 inches Warranty: 10 Years
ArtsNyou carefully select the masterpieces from across the world - Be it a marvel of woodwork crafted in unison with human comfort, or having an old world charm or a piece of comfort for most modern spaces - All chosen carefully for beautiful homes.