text:
Do you want to know how to write a song?
Either writing the lyrics or melody ?
Once you reach the end of this Step by Step guide about how to write a song:
you'll be able to write songs of any kind.
So let's begin:
Singing might be your hobby or profession, that doesn't matter. Does it?
All we care about is learning as much as we can about the singing process.
Singing is such a huge field and it takes a complete life of experience to be called an expert in singing.
We keep learning and learning, but the good thing is when we share the stuff we know, to help others who don't have much resources, this is what I'm doing on this blog.
In my last article I told about how an absolutely beginner person can start with singing and what they need to learn to sing like a pro.
It was pretty fun writing that article.
Now here's the deal:
Today, I've got something more advanced and it is going to be much more fun to write about it.
You might be saying that to yourself, "I want to write a song". If so, then you're at the right place.
You know what?
You're going to learn how you can write a song.
I will also provide you some songwriting tips at the end of this article, and will give you ideas so that you can write your own songs.
At the start they can be bad, but practice makes perfect.
Never get disappointed at your first attempt. Keep trying until you succeed in achieving whatever your aim or goal is.
So, in short, I will tell you step by step the complete process of writing a song lyrics. I'm sure you're all going to enjoy this article.
Let's start with the absolute beginner concepts so everything over here can properly understand everything going on.
You already know this stuff?
Even for people who know about these things can review the information and enhance their concepts.
But if you want to skip, then the choice is yours!
let's do it:
Let's call them the Core concepts of writing a song.
In all this text below, you'll learn How to write a great song.
1) Song and Music
Song is any musical sample sung in a human voice, that has a certain musical pattern and gives certain and fixed ups and downs in music using silence and sound patterns, it usually consists of a number of different patterns that includes repetition of different musical parts.
Boring stuff? Huh… let's make it simple
In simple words, anything that is sung in human voice and has certain musical elements is called as a song.
The words that are being sung by the singer during the song are generally called as the lyrics.
In simple words the written form of the song is called lyrics.
We're going to talk about lyrics in detail later in article.
But for now, let's start by defining some of the terms used in songs and music.
1.1) Types of Music
If we talk about music there are three main types which can describe the music, these are not genres, of course.
We'll talk about genres in the next section.
But here's let's fit the tern "types of music" in a box by defining these three types of musical songs.
1.1.1) Art Music
Art songs are the songs that are sung by classical singers.
The major difference of these songs from the other ones is that these songs are sung on the basis of poetry.
Interesting stuff 😀
This is the main distinction of art songs or classical songs.
These songs are very difficult to sing for some reasons:
As they require the singer to have a good understanding and grip on the language in which the song is.
The vocal techniques being used in the song
and also the understanding of poetry for better interpretation of the musical elements of the song and ups and downs on the base of poetry.
These songs are often regarded as the traditional songs,
they are part of many traditions, including the tradition of European countries.
The art songs may be sung solo, but it generally requires the accompaniment of piano etc.
1.1.2) Folk Music
Folk songs, are now called traditional music songs in the modern world
They generally consist of both traditional (cultural) songs and also genres (which started since the 20th century).
The term folk music was introduced at the time somewhere around 19th century,
but it is also used to describe song types for songs which are older than that.
When we talk about this music as a traditional music, then music is also called as a music without a composer.
Some genres of this type of music are folk metal, folk metal and folk rock, etc.
This music is regarded as a cultural music and is affiliated with different cultures throughout the world.
1.1.3) Popular (Pop) Music Songs
Popular songs are the type of songs which we talk about when we say the term song in general.
It is any style or genre of music that is accessible by the public and is featured on TV, Radio, Internet and billboards.
In short, this music is popular and accessible to everyone all around.
It is spread by mass media. In addition to singers and songwriters, this popular music is produced by music producers.
Don't worry my friend, just a little boring stuff then the actual game begins:
Okay, so now let's get to the music genres.
1.2) Music Genres
Genre is a type or category of music on the base of which music can be divided into different types.
These types themselves are called as a genre.
Music is divided into several hundreds of different genres because of some specificity difference between them.
As of now, there are approximately 1,264 different genres of music.
Holy crap that's huge. Isn't it?
So making a list of these genres would be totally not possible.
But, let me just give you the names of some of the most popular genres because it is important to know the genre of music before starting to write the song.
Here are some genres of music:
- Rock
- R&B (Hip Hop)
- Pop
- Country
- Dance (EDM)
- Christian (Gospel)
- Holiday (Seasonal)
- Latin
- Classical
- Children
This list is based upon the popularity of these genres.
For, better understanding I'm attaching a video, this video is made by Viva la Cruz, all credit goes to him:
2) Songwriting
The process of writing the song is called songwriting.
It usually includes a few things such as writing lyrics, chord and writing the melody (music).
Each of these things is equally important, and you must understand in detail what these things are for you to get started with the songwriting process.
So, simply, we can define songwriter as the person who writes the song, its lyrics, music and chord.
A songwriter is also called as a composer.
The person who is responsible or the excellence of the song is the songwriter, if the songwriting process was optimal then the results will also be amazing for sure.
A songwriter has to consider different things that are used for writing songs.
People who are new to writing songs are always looking for some songwriting tips.
Don't worry!
I'll provide you with some valuable tips as we go through the article.
There are a few things that people do to get the most awesome results possible:
let's say that a songwriter is very good in writing song lyrics,
he excels in this skill. He's the dude
but he is not that much good at writing the melody.
So he pairs up with another songwriter, who is an expert in writing melody for the songs but has not got much skill for writing lyrics.
So, together they make a perfect team and do the thing in which they are best.
It is one of the top tips given to songwriters, that they build up their skills in one thing, either in writing lyrics or in writing melody.
But, that's more than nice if you want to do both the things.
Obviously, you need to have in depth understanding of both the things for you to do good.
So, here's the big deal, there is a really detailed video about songwriting it is called Songwriting Workshop I with Larry Dvoskin.
All the credit for this amazing video goes to CUNYQueensborough, you may search for them on Youtube to find more of their great videos.
The video below is over an hour having lots of interesting information that might be useful for you. So, give it a watch:
Watched it already?
I'm sure that was fun!
After watching the workshop one, you can watch the Songwriting Workshop II with Larry Dvoskin.
Good or bad news? you name it because this video is even bigger. It is about 1.5 hours of great quality content.
That's not all folks, this training continues to another video, so you got a lot to learn.
Here is Songwriting Workshop III with Larry Dvoskin:
2.1) Some basic concepts for songwriting
There are many things which could be considered over here.
But let's talk about the ones which are important.
So here they are:
2.1.1) Lyrics
So, the first thing I want to talk about, are the lyrics.
As you already know, the words that are sung by the singer in the song are the lyrics.
So, definitely it is the most important thing to be considered because the lyrics are the thing which makes people love the song or not.
Even if the song isn't very great, but the lyrics can touch the heart of people and they will love the song.
So, it is very important to consider lyrics in the songwriting process.
Later in this article you'll learn How to write lyrics, that will help you in writing a song of your own.
Here are some types of lyrics that you must understand:
184.108.40.206) Poetic Lyrics
When you're writing lyrics, keep this in mind:
Add textual beauty to your lyrics you by using poetic lines in your lyrics, it makes it sound much better.
It increases the beauty of the lyrics, but don't use too much poetry that goes above the heads of the listeners.
There can be different meanings for each word and they must be used in a way that makes it clear and easily understandable.
In a nutshell:
Poetical lyrics are those lines that add textual beauty to your song lyrics and creates a good rhythm in it.
It means they should be in flow and don't disturb the lyrics, they kind of add an art and ultimately artistic value to your songs.
18.104.22.168) Conversational Lyrics
In simple words, Conversational lyrics are the lines in which the singer interacts or engages with the audience directly.
The Singer can be talking to the audience or any other character of the song,
it can be in a poetical manner too, but the main purpose of the conversational lyrics is to interact with the actual audience.
You might have observed a singer using the word "you" for talking to you,
it is where the conversational lyrics are used and it adds value to the song.
18.104.22.168) Action Lyrics
Action lyrics always consist of verbs, so their main identification are verbs.
When the lyrics are exactly telling play to play about what is going on,
it means that the action lyrics are being used for this purpose.
It can also consist of poetical lyrics and figurative speech language.
2.1.2) Melody
Melody is a sequence of linear musical pattern, in simple words it is the order of musical tones, voices, the ups and downs of the song.
The music you hear in the songs is the melody. In simple words, the melody is a combination of rhythm and pitch.
2.1.3) Chord
A chord is a harmonic set of three or more notes, the chord includes notes played one after another, and not at the same time.
Chords are now normally used in the modern music.
3) Step 1 – Observing
What I mean by observing?
I meant, before you start writing your own song lyrics,
You have to observe the people who are masters and experts in this field.
Why would you do that?
So, you can understand what works and what doesn't work properly.
It is really important that you understand the musical trends, and the flow of the lyrics.
There are a few points that you would understand once you closely observe the lyrics of some popular songs.
You would learn how they keep the lyrics in flow, how they use words and it will definitely help you in getting a crude idea of how you should write your own song lyrics.
There are still some things that you need to keep in consideration before starting the observing process.
Of course, you don't want to start observing the type of songs that you don't want to write.
You will only focus on the genre and types of songs that you want to write.
So, that's what I'm talking about. Keep these things in mind:
- The type and genre of song
- The popularity and fame level of song you want to observe
- Get ready to take notes of the things that you think makes that song an amazing song
That's all. This all needs to be done before you start observing songs.
Now the first thing you need to do is to select a song.
Once selected, you need to closely observe it.
You just don't have to listen to it.
One will just need to have a deep understanding of the song, its ups and downs, emotions, lyrics, music, melody, and everything that you think makes that song a good song.
You have to think why people like that song.
Most importantly:
After all that, don't just rely on one observation.
Observe many and many songs of the same type and genre from different composers and musicians.
This will help you to understand the reasons for popularity to a greater extent.
To find out distinct popularity reasons, look for the similarities in all the songs.
The major similarities will help you to determine the reason why people are doing a certain thing.
Yes, you guessed it, they are doing it because it is liked by people.
By focusing on that particular thing you can give your song a lot of boost.
It is certain that if a specific thing is being done in almost all the popular songs of your genre, and people are getting crazy listening to those songs.
then what's the bottom line?
The bottom line is that you should try to do that thing in your song too.
You can also listen to those songs which have some poetical lines,
those are very powerful and can be very effective, depending upon which type of genre you've chosen.
Also, if the popular songs don't have any poetry or poetical lines, you can try and see if you can make something new with this powerful asset that you have.
4) Step 2 – Structure
A song structure is a very important thing on which you would like to contribute some of your time, if you take some time and decide the structure of a song.
In the observation stage you would also observe the song structures of some popular songs out there.
Well, to explain in some easy words a song structure consists of different sections of a song that are repeated.
They have some definite elements that everyone uses in different ways.
But the structure of the song is very important to make your song stand out from the rest of ordinary songs.
The popular song composers use a specific type of structure of their songs so that they can get the most out of their songs.
Now, I would like to discuss some of the elements of structure of the song.
Understanding these elements will give you a better acknowledgement of song structure.
After that you'll be able to write a perfect Song structure, and you'll know how to write a song format or structure.
You know what's great?
Busy Works Beats .TV has made an amazing video explaining the song structure.
The Video is made entirely by them, so credit goes to them.
We're just sharing the great things over here, so that you can understand the concepts in a great and interactive way:
4.1) Introduction
The introduction is the unique part of every song that is usually used to start the song.
It is the beginning part of the song, generally the begging and starting part of the songs do not have any words, or lyrics.
It only has music. You might observe some songs for this, all the songs that you will observe will only have music and no words.
So, you'll have to keep that in mind for structuring your song properly.
4.2) Verses
Verses are the lines of any song, they are generally the poetical lyrics of the song that often consists of ABAB or AABB sounds, it always has a rhyme.
Let's say that two or more parts (sections) of a song have almost the same musical pattern, but different lyrics, then each of these sections is called a verse.
4.3) Pre-Chorus
Pre-Chorus, which is also called as build, channel or transitional bridge is the optional part of a song structure, it is the intermediate or connecting part that connects a verse with a chorus.
It is harmonically probing that will further lead to a full chorus, it is just used to introduce a complete chorus, often effective in certain cases depending upon verses and chorus.
4.4) Chorus
The part of the song that contains the title, and that plays more than once in a song is called as Chorus.
The chorus is basically the main idea of the song, it contains the whole story or picture of the song, it has the idea of the feelings that are being expressed with lyrics and music.
The chorus is repeated again and again in the song, you might have guessed it by now, when you hear a song, the main idea of the song repeats again and again.
It is generally the title or hook of the song.
In simple words:
the chorus is that lyrical and musical part of the song that repeats again and again (at least more than once) in the song.
It often has more power and strength than the verse and other sections of the song. It contains the powerful lyrics, or the title lyrics of the song.
4.4.1) Refrain
The refrain is a single word, phrase, or emotion that does the job of linking or tying the song together.
A refrain is repeated again and again, but it is only a single word, or a phrase, but the chorus contains of many words and phrases.
4.4) Bridge
A bridge, which is also called as a transition is the tool that is used to keep the listener's attention in a song by breaking the repeating pattern of the song.
In the bridge the musical and lyrical pattern of the song changes.
Think of a bridge between two cities that are different from each other, when you cross the bridge you're in the other city.
Similarly, the bridge in song structure refers to that part of the song which is just to break a repetitive sequence or pattern of the song and to start a new musical and lyrical pattern.
4.5) Example Song Structure
Tired with the boring stuff?
Need some examples? Here they are:
Let me give you some examples of song structures of some very popular songs out there belonging to different genres.
So that you can understand the song structure based on any of your genre.
But, I would like you to keep in mind one thing:
You can't make a song awesome by just copying the song structure.
Every song demands a unique song structure, you just can examine the sequence of structural elements of the song.
That will help you in making a great song structure.
I would like to give these image credits to our friends at learneverythingabout.com, they've really made the job of explaining stuff much easier by making these images.Cheers to them.
So, let's start with different songs of different genres.
This song is by Pitbull and Kesha, the name of the song is "Timber".
The total length of this song is 3;42, and the genre is Pop, all the information about this song is given in the image above.
The next song on our list belongs to the Rock genre, it is sung by Florida Georgia Line and the name of the song is "This is how we roll". Here's an image explaining the song structure.
The next song is by American Authors and the title of the song is Best day of my life, that's a popular Rock song, that expressed happiness. So, have a look at the image below to understand the song structure.
Another example is a very popular Love Pop song sung by Justin Timberlake. Here's the image for that.
The title of this song is "Not a bad thing".
I hope now you will understand the song structure, if your genre of song was skipped over here. Don't worry, you can google for some examples.
If you want to listen to a live example, then I've attached a video down below. The video has been created by Ed Goldfarb:
5) Step 3 – Genre and Title
So, we're going to start the actual songwriting process by deciding a genre and a title.
5.1) Genre
First, here's an image showing the total song sales by genre in the US (2014).
Genre is the type of the song that you're going to choose, as we've discussed this earlier in this article.
So, it is important that you select a genre for your song.
Of course, you're going to select a genre first, then depending on the genre and the sub-genre that you've chosen you'll select the title.
It is important to make a choice of genre, the type of genre will readily affect the type of music, lyrics and title that you choose.
This is why you should be very careful about which genre you're picking and then deeply understand if that genre fits the type of song that you want to write.
If everything is good, then go on and select a genre.
After that, move on to writing a title.
Everyone often faces difficulty in start that which could possibly be the best genre for their song, many people exactly know about what interests them, but some get confused.
It doesn't matter if you're certain about selecting your genre, or if you're confused about it, just follow the steps below, they'll help you greatly in this task.
Stop right there, I've got something interesting for you. It is about the differences between the song genres.
The video was created by Jochem Nuva Macare, thanks to you mate:
5.1.1) Should I go for popular Genres?
Credit goes to Mashable for this image.
Some of the most popular genres are pop, rock, folk, country songs, etc.
But, the question over here is that should you go for popular genres, I would say definitely you should go for popular ones but if and only if they interest you.
There is no such mandatory selection for you, if you're not interested in these popular genres, then move on to the one that interests you.
5.1.2) Genres that you find interesting
The best choice for you would be to go and take a look at the genres that interest you the most.
It necessarily doesn't have to be only one, there can be multiple genres that might interest you.
Now, here's another complication, let's say there are 3 different genres which are equally interesting you, you're again getting confused, the solution to this problem will be discussed in the next heading.
Choosing a genre also requires you to properly observe the melody, lyrics and use of emotion in that particular genre.
The type of music that is being used, and of course, the song structure, that is suitable for that particular genre that you want to choose.
So, you would have to understand all above mentioned aspects of the genre before you select the genre that is best for you.
Now, here's what you would like to do, spend some time in closely listening the popular songs of the genres that you think are good for you.
Observe, which of those genres has songs that interest you the most.
It would be better if you observe the latest songs of the genre because that's what people are loving these days.
5.1.3) Trying different genres
You would have to try different genres that you're interested in.
As we took as an example that there are 3 different genres in which you're interested.
So you would try one by one each one of them and see which one works best for you, and which one makes you feel passionate and happy to write about.
You will easily understand that which one is best for you once you go through this step.
You just have to observe that there are 3 different genres, so, after trying all these genres one by one, which one interests you the most.
When you write a song about a genre then it would not be difficult to choose between those different genres, because you would understand which one is working best for you.
I want to provide you some information regarding choosing the wrong genres.
There are many singers who changed their genres, because they thought they could do better in the genre they selected lately.
Here is a video that will tell you about them, the video was made by WatchMojo.com, credit goes to them:
5.2) Title
The title is the most important thing about writing a song. Isn't it?
When you have got a good title, you can then focus on the lyrics and music depending upon the title that you've chosen.
The title really is the most important asset of your songwriting process.
You would have to take time and decide which title would be best for your song.
You must have some random set of thoughts in your mind right now, but you'll have to think deeply that what you want to do with your song.
What should be the main topic or title of your song?
The best title generally is the one which makes all the feelings of the song fit in a few words.
Can you do that?
Of course you can do it, and it would be amazing if you could make the title of the song emotionally powerful.
It would give it some strength, and the title is the sentence that is used in the chorus, it has to be powerful to express strong emotion with high notes.
So, you would have to think properly about the title.
Take your time and take a pen and a copy keep writing different titles that you think could be possible titles for your song.
Once, you've decided a main idea for the song, you can now move on to the songwriting process.
To help you with writing a title, I did a quick search and found this video for you, made by Simple Youtopia.
It will help you in writing a nice title for your song:
5.2.1) Purposes of writing a song Title
Before we start getting into detail about the title:
I would like to show you some of the most important purposes of writing a title.
It serves some of the important purposes as given below:
- It gives the listeners the understanding of emotional messages that you want to convey, in simple words it will rouse the emotions in them
- Does the job of giving power and strength to the song
- The main chorus and the high notes line is the title of the song
- The title says it all, explains the song in some words
- It will invoke interest in people
- Sometimes it will make the listener curious about the song, in most cases this purpose proves to be very successful
- It becomes a memorable piece of word for that particular song
- It contains or it conveys the main idea of the song
5.2.2) Simple Brainstorming
Simple brainstorming for selecting a title for the song is generally the best idea.
So, here's how you do it:
Pick out titles from the surroundings, but make sure that you keep a few things in mind.
The most important one is that the title must be very powerful and should convey a lot of emotion or thought.
Otherwise, it could have all or some of the purposes mentioned above.
5.2.3) Research
After doing the brainstorming to find the title, in most cases you'll be able to find a title.
But, that would be better if you can do some research.
Read some related articles, books, newspapers that are related to your topic and see what is appealing these days.
Also study your target audience and see what they like and what can make them say wow after listening to your song.
Do this basic research to find the best title for your song.
6) Step 4 – Writing Lyrics (How to write lyrics)
So, now we're finally here:
The wait is over. Thanks for your patience.
let's start with writing lyrics.
I know you have been waiting the whole article for this part.
But it was very important to understand all the concepts.
Now you'll have a much stronger grip on this thing, now you know all the ups and downs and all the ins and outs.
So, let's move on with the actual songwriting process of writing lyrics for the song.
Let's start from the basics, so that you recall and understand all that you've learned so far.
And utilize it in the right direction while writing song lyrics.
This section is for you to learn how to write good song lyrics.
So, this includes the following steps:
6.1) Recalling the song structure
So, at this stage you'll be recalling the song structure, understand the structure of the song that you have to write, in depth.
Then, you'll be able to put the lyrics of the song in the right place accordingly.
This stage is very important.
Otherwise you'll end up making a bad structured song.
So, that's why it is important to understand the common song structure, depending upon the type and genre of song that you're going to write about.
In simple words:
Just understand and recall the common song structure of your song genre, and decide the song structure for your song before starting to write the song.
While talking about the type of structure, you can use the AABA structure of songs.
That's the most commonly used song structure that most people are using, although you can experiment with other type of structures too.
You can do some basic research for understanding, then you can start with that.
6.2) Title
As you have already decided your title.
You can easily use that title to start writing the lyrics:
Make sure that the title should tell the complete story of the song, that's why write the song, keeping in consideration the title.
It should express in depth the story, that the title says in a few words.
You can also start your song with the title, some people do it, and there is no problem with that.
6.3) Questions and their answers
There can be many questions as the listener reads the title.
By answering those questions you can make really great song lyrics that everyone loves.
The title always interests a specific audience, moreover, it also raises some questions in the mind of the audience.
Let's say, there's a song by Imagine Dragons, the title is "Hear me".
The title suggests a lot of questions
- what do you want me to hear?
- Why you want me to hear you?
- In what sense you're saying hear me?
- Whom you're talking to?
- Why you're saying that?
Simply, all these questions are answered in the song.
So, I'll answer these questions one by one while listening to this song.
- Try to hear my voice
- Can nobody hear me, I got a lot that's on my mind. I can not breathe, can you hear it too.
- The singer wants you to hear the thoughts that he has on his mind, the tensions, problems that are not letting him breathe properly.
- The singer is talking to you (the audience)
- I can not breathe, I got a lot that's on my mind
These questions are mere examples that I came up with, and it took me less than a minute.
Similarly, for your title, you will have you think deeply and see the concerns and questions that a listener might have.
Ask your friends to suggest questions, and see which questions are being asked my multiple people and which are appropriate to be answered within the song.
That's what I meant by questions and answers, so by following this you can start to write nice song lyrics that are meaningful.
6.4) The Chorus and verses
There can be a dozen of questions, and you can answer them all one by one in the verses.
This will make the song interesting.
That's not necessary that you only answer questions.
You can add up your own stuff too.
But to start with, it would be a good practice to answer the questions.
As I've already told you in detail about the chorus and the verses, I hope it would be easy for you to work with these.
For the chorus, select a question that is powerful, that has some action words and power lines.
You can answer that in the chorus.
But be very careful while selecting this question as the chorus is important, it gives the song strength.
So the question must arise the emotions and power in the audience.
Also, if you're adding too many poetical lines, it would be nice if you could add some explanatory lines to make the listeners understand.
6.5) Usage of Words
You should be very careful with the usage of words because the type of words you use can determine the success of your song.
Research for different verbs, adjectives and other words that you can use in your songs.
Don't use very difficult words, use the words that can be understood by average audience.
But this thing depends upon the type of song you're trying to write.
So, have a good grip on words to write a good song.
6.6) Write all the time
Have a pen and a notebook with you all the time, and keep thinking.
Whenever you have something in your mind, then just write it down, otherwise you'll lose it.
So, be active in writing because it isn't just a one time deal.
It takes a lot of time to write a good song.
So, write many alternatives for each verse and each line so that you can choose the best one.
And make a good relativity between all the lines of the song. The more you write, the better your grip becomes.
6.7) Practice
Everything requires you to practice, songwriting requires a lot of practice.
The more you practice, the better you become in songwriting.
Study different songs of your type, just practice and practice to make your songwriting skills better.
It is must that you practice as much as you can.
6.8) Write the song
Now, assuming that you've taken care of all the above steps.
It is time for you to write your song.
Keep all these steps in your mind:
And write a final piece of a song that you think is perfect and fulfills all the requirements as mentioned above.
Select an appropriate genre, a nice title and write the song accordingly.
Once you've written it, then move to the next step.
6.9) Correct the mistakes
Everyone makes mistakes, not a big deal.
After writing the complete song, closely observe the song for mistakes.
You can also talk to experienced songwriters and singing coaches to make your song perfect.
They'll suggest you the mistakes and their possible corrections.
Once you've corrected the song then you're good to go.
That is the song you've got and you've now finished the lyrics songwriting process.
7) Step 4 – Writing Melody
Now, we're going to see how you're going to write the melody.
It isn't a simple task to do, you'll have to understand each and everything.
To make things clear properly, I've attached a video that will help you in this process.
You can watch the video below to get a full understanding of how you're simply going to write melody.
The video has been created by fastforwardable:
8) Step 5 – Recording your Song
This is the final stage of the songwriting process, now you've done all the things, and the only thing left is to sing your song and record it.
It would feel so great, after doing so much hard work in writing the whole song, now you'll be recording that and giving it a final form.
Then you can send that to your listeners, friends and show that to your family.
Make people fall in love with your song.
9) Songwriting Tips
Songwriting is a very huge topic, some people don't understand properly the art of songwriting.
Everyone needs guidance.
I'm providing you with the most amazing songwriting tips that will prove to be very helpful for you during the songwriting process.
These are some of the most widely used Songwriting tips, so get them to good use.
You might already be familiar with that, all the songwriters who are starting to join the songwriting, they're always searching for some tips on writing a song.
You must have said to yourself that How to become a songwriter?
This spirit of your counts a lot, because of it you're over here and reading this article.
So, keep these tips for how to write a song in mind and use them where necessary.
9.1) Stick to the topic
Your song must be clear and understandable.
Your song must be on one topic/subject so that you are able to conclude your entire song in one sentence.
The audience misses some of the content of the song while listening.
Therefore, write the song keeping in consideration the topic so that you can use one line to give the idea of the whole song.
Repetition of the subject is necessary and essential for the song.
Try to break the song in four or five parts and include the subject in each part.
Stick to the topic without sheering away.
9.2) Extensive vocabulary skills? Eminem knows it
Take an inspiration from Eminem, who spent hours at night to study a dictionary and thesaurus.
He explained the reason to do this,
I just felt like I wanted to be able to have these words at my disposal in my vocabulary at all times whenever I need to pull them out. Somewhere they'll be stored like locked away.
It improved his vocabulary and helped him to write songs without the need to open it (dictionary) again and again.
So, improve your vocabulary as much as you can.
It is up to you that how you improve your vocabulary.
Extensive vocabulary and, all of that in your mind, will help you to connect dots whenever an idea pops out.
It will also help you to find rhyming words. And, improving vocabulary will not only help in writing a song, but in many occasions, it will be helpful like communicating etc.
9.3) "Don't just think it, ink it."
A notebook should be with you at all time.
However, a smartphone will do the work too.
Whenever an idea pops up in your mind, note it fast!
Write words and phrases for later use.
Watch and observe your daily routine and find new avenues.
It happens a lot that when you are writing a song, no idea comes into your mind.
Therefore, whenever an idea comes to your mind while writing a song or not, just note it cause it won't take time for ideas to go away.
Whenever you listen to a vivid word or phrase, write it down.
Make an organized approach and try to keep all your songwriting notes at one place.
9.4) Rhyme at prime time
Before, I start, here is a picture showing words having similar rhyme.
Rhyming lyrics are important as they give the audience a pleasant feeling.
So, buy a rhythmic dictionary or use online services to help you in finding rhyming words.
Just imagine that you've to find a similar sounding word and all you have, is just a dictionary.
It will be very hard to acquire the desired word.
Rhymezone.com or Rhymer.com both offer an excellent service to this job.
If you are having difficulty in doing so, you can write down the phrase as it is (in your mind) and move towards the next part so that you can edit that phrase later.
9.5) Take inspiration and PRACTICE!
Read lyrics of other songs a lot. Take influence from other's creative works.
Compare your lyrics with others and find differences between theirs and yours.
Learning different lyrical techniques will help you a lot.
So, listen to as many songs as you can and write down any particular composition or structure you see.
Your work will improve by the time.
Practice and try different styles.
9.6) Observing the lyrics
For a deeper understanding, you'll be needing to closely observe the lyrics that have inspired you.
Listen to as many people's works as you can, whose work is considered as the best of all.
Focus on their lyrics that make their song sound better.
Try to pick up the song structure and the tricks that make their songs good.
Focus on those lines that sound awesome while listening and remember them.
Make notes of the lyrics you find interesting:
So that you can get an understanding of the order of words.
The vocabulary used, and get an idea of what is working best, of course this isn't stealing, you're only getting an idea.
9.7) Imagine Different Images
It sounds weird to write songs while imagining a picture, but pictures can give you feeling for writing a song.
The best way is to create imaginary pictures and scenes, and write the lyrics by explaining those pictures and scenes, how you feel about it?
Can a person listening to those words really see the exact picture that you want to show?
Keep these few things in mind and this strategy will make your song sound really great.
Feelings are really important before you start writing a song especially for writing an emotional song.
Different Pictures can give you different feelings.
There are several examples of pictures that can help you to write different songs on different themes.
- A happy couple sitting together.
- A tree in the garden.
- A flying bird.
- Children playing in the garden.
- Snow on flowers
- And so on
9.8) Spend some time alone
If you spend some time alone, and think about the lyrics and song ideas, then that can help you a lot to think about the lyrics of your songs.
An alone mind can give you a lot of good ideas.
Carry a dictionary and a thesaurus with you and find the synonyms of different words.
Because the more attractive words you will use in your songs the more people will like it.
Try to go to a place where you love to sit like a garden, a beach, etc.
Sitting alone at a place where you love to spend time can increase the ability of your mind.
9.9) Getting Opinions
Try to get opinions from your friends. Ask your friends, whether they get any feeling while listening to your song.
To collect their opinions.
If they feel bad to hear your song, then it is important for you to improve the lyrics of your song.
The more people you ask about your song the more opinions you will get for your song.
And that would help you to make your song better because the opinion of your audience matters the most.
9.10) Keep your song simple
It is important for you to keep your song simple.
Because, obviously, you want your audience to understand your song.
And if the audience doesn't understand your song properly, because of the complexity of the song, then it really is a minus point.
Here's how you can do it:
Try to use vocabulary that average people can understand,
And try to express your feelings in simple phrases, and poetical writings, that will make the song simple and more understandable.
9.11) What else can I do? (Bonus Section)
If you want to improve your songwriting and want to receive some feedback on your lyrics.
Then it would be best to join a songwriting class.
You'll get to see great talents who'll inspire you.
And they will be there for you to rectify your mistakes and show you the right way.
This tip was not in my mind at all at the time I wrote this article.
I contacted many great experts to get their opinions about this article, and asked them for their expert feedback.
One of those was Simeon Peebler who is a professional musical artist having 2 albums.
For this tip, I want to give him all the credits. Thanks Simeon!
To further make this clearer to you, here's what he said when I contacted him:
Eventually songwriters who want to perform will need a how-to on performing. I took some classes at old town school of folk music in Chicago on just this thing. I also found and attended many local open mic events around Chicago. Sometimes it's good to attend these just to listen to other writers. But the performing thing deserves its own tutorial for sure.
As said, you should also visit different musical events to get a knowledge of how things are working.
I guess that's all for the tips for writing songs.
Now it is up to you to make the question How to make your own song? a reality.
10) That's all for how to write a song
Okay, so that's all for this article.
Writing a song isn't simple at all but I've tried to explain each and every concept in detail so that you can understand it properly.
I've also attached videos so that if you don't understand the words properly, you can watch the videos to make things clear.
But, still if you have any questions related to anything over here.
Please feel free to leave a comment below and I would love to respond to your questions.
Share this article with your friends having mutual interests, it will help them to write songs too, also you can share it on social networks to support us.


text:
January 28, 2009 –
Comments (3)
I think it's to talk about the economy and the markets, but we shall see. They say it's a 9-segment show and we're on segments 5, 6, and 7 -- and I expect they'll take some calls too. We're looking forward to it. --David
January 27, 2009 –
Comments (7)
I'm part of a team looking to improve our member profiles -- what I might call your "member home page" -- here at the Fool. Long-time Fools know that they have their discussion boards profile, they have their CAPS profile, and then they make other contributions across the Fool (e.g. article comments) that don't link back to anything. What we'd like to do is streamline the experience and ultimately have one spot you go to see my profile, and/or contribute to your own. [more]
January 15, 2009 –
Comments (33)
I'm soliciting Fool Community input for a potential TV appearance of mine next week and I already got some very thoughtful responses to my first question. Here's my second (and final one): [more]
January 13, 2009 –
Comments (18)
What's your outlook for the economy over the next few years? [more]
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Does society actually need a legal system
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society actually need a legal system.
Many philosophers,
from Plato to Karl Marx (German founder of communism born
1818), have argued that law is unnecessary:
Plato argued
that man is naturally good and simply needs education to guide his
behaviour, while Marx saw law as a tool of class oppression that we
could be do away with, once a truly socialist society had taken over.
History has shown that his theory has many practical difficulties and few
states have retained a truly communist system.
saw the law as an instrument of control by capital of the working classes.
Sometimes law appears to work in their favour but in reality only serving
capital. Property laws in the UK serve well those that are
landed and have goods and chattels.
This is not to
suggest a conspiracy by capital, but simply how the system operates so
that capitalism survives, and ergo the nation is more prosperous; it is
axiomatic that law favours capital.
Even legislation
aimed at protecting the worker does not work against capital.
Factory safety regulations found necessary following the industrial
revolution may have been more about handicapping competitors than the
welfare of workers.
The provision of
schools and health care may have had more to do with providing an educated
work force and a fit population from which to recruit soldiers than the
general good of the population and of the individual.
Respect for Law
On the one hand, If
a custom or norm is assured of judicial backing, it is, for practical
purposes, law. On the other hand, a statute that is neither obeyed
nor enforced is empty law.
The role of law in
China and Japan and modern Russia, for example, is different from role of
law in western nations. In those countries there is a low respect
for the law, except in business and industry. Tradition features
highly. Resort to law is a last resort; conciliation is preferred for
social control.
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For this episode of HoundBite, we take a dive into the world of veganism. Learn about what veganism is and what it takes to become one. Real-life vegan and WHJE's Full Article »
The most unhealthy snack food in America is also one of the tastiest and that has to be the potato chip. But what if there was a company that made Full Article »
Luckily for us the weather is finally starting to rise up, which means fun activities such as playing outdoors, drinking cold drinks, and fishing. Visit Caplinger's Fresh Catch and Cuts Full Article »
On this episode of HoundBite, join Shae Rickel and John Griffin as they explore the growth and development of the Hershey Company, one of the largest and most influential companies Full Article »
With the weather getting colder, sometimes it takes a warm bowl of soup to keep you warm and toasty. On this episode of HoundBite, Shae Rickel and John Griffin take Full Article »
If you're a busy American, you have relied on coffee at one point or another to get your through a long day. Without small, hardworking cafés and confectionaries like The Full Article »
On this episode of HoundBite, we dive into sushi with Kazan Japanese Steakhouse owner Simon Hong. Although sushi did not originate in America, it is no secret that it has Full Article »
On this episode of HoundBite, we dissect the history of America's quintessential food: the hamburger. After looking through the history of the burger, we sit down with burger expert Matt Full Article »
This is the first episode of HoundBite hosted by Shae Rickel and John Griffin. In this episode we are eating at the local restaurant Greek's Pizzeria. We eat and review Full Article »


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After her impressive work opposite Vijaykanth in Arasangam, Navneet Kaur has been offered three lead roles in Tollywood, marking a clear progression in her career. The movie Arasangam was a typical 'good guy saves the world' Tamil thriller but had the unique angle that it was shot almost entirely in Canada, in and around Toronto.
Navneet has become known for wearing attractive costumes and looking sexy. How does Navneet feel about doing glamorous roles? "There is nothing wrong in it," she says. "The audience who spend money on a ticket and come to a movie want to be entertained. They expect the heroine to look glamorous and to expose herself a little, so I don't want to disappoint them."
And what would be her dream man? "Regarding my dream man, I have never thought about it. I need an honest man to begin with, and should respect me. And he should be handsome too, that's it."
Navneet also appeared in Seenu, Vasanti and Lakshm and made waves in Chetna:The Experiment, Good Boy, Maharadhi and Yamadonga.


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If you've watched Lionel Messi play at all over the years, you have probably seen him approach the penalty area from the right side of the field, skitter to the left with his amazing dribbling skills while weaving through a string of defenders, finding an opening the size of a walnut and drilling the ball through into the back of the net.
It's the kind of move he seems to be able to do in his sleep, and on Sunday, he scored just such a goal in the second-half of Argentina's World Cup match against Bosnia-Herzegovina which gave the South American nation a 2-1 victory in the Group F opener for both teams.
Messi's strike in the 65th minute, was a left-footed shot that struck the inside of the post behind keeper Asmir Begovic and ricocheted all the way across to hit the net on the right-hand side of the goal. It was just the second World Cup goal for Messi, adding to one he scored eight years ago in Germany.
Vedad Ibisevic scored a close-in goal in the 85th to give Bosnia-Herzegovina hope.
Bosnia-Herzegovina got the worst possible start to its first World Cup when Sead Kolasinovic scored an own goal after just three minutes. Messi sent a free kick from the left flank into the penalty area that Marcos Rojo barely touched before the ball bounced off Kolasinovic's foot into Bosnia-Herzegovina's goal.
In other World Cup action Sunday, Karim Benzema scored twice and set up another that was confirmed by goal-line technology to help France beat Honduras, 3-0, in their Group E opener.
For nearly all the first half, Honduras played the 1998 Cup champions tough, but then midfielder Wilson Palacios, who had already drawn a yellow card, charged into Paul Pogba in the penalty area, earning a second yellow, and an automatic expulsion, and setting up a penalty kick.
Benzema calmly slotted the ball to the left of goalkeeper Noel Valladares.
With Honduras down to 10 men, France continued to dominate and Benzema set up the second goal in the 48th minute — the first to be confirmed by goal-line technology at the World Cup.
Benzema scored a second goal in the 72nd, firing in powerfully from inside the area after a long range shot by right back Mathieu Debuchy was blocked.
In Brasilia, Haris Seferovic scored deep in stoppage time, giving Switzerland a heart-breaking victory over Ecuador in their Group E opener.
Seferovic fired home the winner from close range in the last of three minutes of injury time. Ecuador barely had time to restart before the final whistle.
Enner Valencia gave Ecuador the lead in the 22nd minute, and Admir Mehmedi tied it in the 48th.
Based on reporting by the Associated Press.
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Steven Pearlstein: Missing the Mark on Ratings-Agency Reform
One thing you learn from booms and busts is the importance of gatekeepers -- those professionals who are supposed to safeguard the system and keep markets honest. When gatekeepers are compromised or fall down on the job, confidence evaporates and markets collapse.
That's what happened during the tech bubble of the 1990s, when the lawyers, auditors and equity analysts decided to hop on the gravy train and turn a blind eye to stupidity and corruption. And it happened during the more recent credit bubble, when the rating agencies were seduced by fat fees to assign triple-A ratings to stuff they barely understood. Even today, large parts of the shadow banking system are still not working because investors and lenders still don't know who -- or what information -- to trust.
The dominant agencies -- Standard & Poor's, Moody's and Fitch -- continue to claim that their mistakes were intellectual rather than venal, but an investigation last year by the Securities and Exchange Commission suggested otherwise. So the firms have now moved to try to restore their reputations by adopting new measures to improve the reliability of their ratings. They have also acquiesced to a number of other measures pushed by the SEC and the Obama administration to increase government oversight, prohibit ratings shopping and bring more transparency to the rating process.
These steps are useful and significant, but they don't go far enough. They would preserve a business model that leaves the agencies hopelessly conflicted between the interests of the banks and corporations that pay handsomely to have their securities rated and investors who rely on those ratings when buying securities. They would leave in place an oligopoly market characterized by "me-too" behavior and a lack of price competition. And they would preserve a legal shield that has made it all but impossible for investors to sue the agencies for negligence when they issue ratings that they know, or should know, are wrong.
Call me simple-minded, but it seems to me that people who use a good or service should also be the ones who pay for it. That's how it works in most markets. And when it doesn't -- health care is a good example -- things tend to go awry.
It used to work that way in the credit-rating business as well, with investors paying directly for ratings and analysis through some sort of subscription arrangement, or indirectly through their brokers. But starting in the mid-1970s, following a number of high-profile bankruptcies, people decided it was important to make credit ratings publicly available to all investors. Companies that issued bonds began paying for the ratings themselves, and it didn't take long before agencies figured out that it was better for business if their ratings were a bit higher and their analysts were a bit slower to issue downgrades. By the time collateralized-debt obligations came along, it was not uncommon for agencies to provide issuers with behind-the-scenes advice on how to structure their new products to get the highest rates. The interests of the ratings agencies came to be perfectly aligned with those issuing the securities rather than those buying them.
It's all well and good to put in rules designed to prevent this kind of race to the bottom, but history suggests that they tend to break down at precisely those moments when they are most needed -- when the bubble is at its height and there are ungodly amounts of money to be made. So the best way to avoid these inevitable conflicts of interest, it seems to me, is to return to the investor-pay model.
The administration's approach, by contrast, seems to be focused on weaning investors from their reliance on ratings so they are forced to do more of their own research. I think that is unrealistic. Investors want a common set of benchmarks that they can use to assess the risk of securities, just as they want a limited number of government-supervised agencies to rate them. That number, however, can surely be larger than three. And there should also be room for dozens of smaller players specializing in different types of securities that should be able to compete with the Big Three on the basis of both quality and price. Until recently, government regulation has been a barrier to that kind of upstart competition. Much more attention should be paid to encouraging it.
Rhode Island Sen. Jack Reed (D) is also right in pushing for more private regulation. Because of specific exemptions in federal law and a claim that ratings agencies are merely peddling opinions fully protected by the First Amendment, no ratings agency has ever been successfully sued for misleading investors. On Thursday, the SEC took a first step to use its existing powers to bring a bit of legal accountability to the ratings agencies, but a better approach would be new legislation that makes clear that the ratings agencies owe the fiduciary duty of care and loyalty to their investor clients. That doesn't mean they can be sued any time an investment goes sour. What it does mean is that they would be liable if they put out a rating they knew, or should have known, was misleading after taking reasonable steps to ascertain that the information provided to them was accurate.
Such a change, of course, would only apply to lapses in the future. For lapses just past, the SEC should join with state attorneys general in filing a civil suit against the Big Three to force disgorgement of all those profits they earned providing triple-A ratings to triple-C junk during the recent bubble. That's how misled investors recouped hundreds of millions of dollars from Wall Street firms whose analysts had helped to blow up the tech and telecom bubble. Misled investors in structured credit products deserve the same.
Steven Pearlstein can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Deere & Co. unveiled a new operational realignment Tuesday that the Moline farm-equipment maker said will generate cost-cutting efficiencies -- but which will require a fourth-quarter pre-tax charge of $25 million and will eliminate about 200 salaried jobs.
Under the new operating model, Deere said it is combining its agricultural-equipment division and its commercial and consumer equipment division into a single unit, to be known as the worldwide agriculture and turf division.
The changes will be effective May 1, and Deere predicted that the new model will "leverage common processes, standards and resources" that will boost the company's competitive position.


text:
This site is entirely user-supported. See how you can help.
Street View is the best available vantage point looking, if possible, towards the location of the building. In some locations, Street View may not give a view of the actual building, or may not be available at all. Where it is not available, the satellite view is shown instead.
Latitude: 52.1087 / 52°6'31"N
Longitude: 0.7411 / 0°44'27"E
OS Eastings: 587803
OS Northings: 249142
OS Grid: TL878491
Mapcode National: GBR RHX.N6H
Mapcode Global: VHKDX.S8M9
Entry Name: Bridge Cottage
Listing Date: 9 February 1978
Grade: II
Source: Historic England
Source ID: 1036730
English Heritage Legacy ID: 277819
Location: Alpheton, Babergh, Suffolk, CO10
County: Suffolk
District: Babergh
Civil Parish: Alpheton
Traditional County: Suffolk
Lieutenancy Area (Ceremonial County): Suffolk
Church of England Parish: Alpheton St Peter and St Paul
Church of England Diocese: St.Edmundsbury and Ipswich
BRIDGE SStEERP
5377 Alpheton
Bridge Cottage
A C17-C18 timber-framed and plastered house. 1 storey and attics. Renovated
in the C20. Small casement windows with lattice leaded lights. A small
C20 brick lean-to addition extends on the east end. Roof thatched, with
2 dormer windows.
Listing NGR: TL8780349142
This text is from the original listing, and may not necessarily reflect the current setting of the building.
Other nearby listed buildings


text:
New cheaper and more effective synthetic material designed to replace bone in dental surgeries has won the inaugural £15,000 JC Gammond Award aiming to help young entrepreneurs to start a career.
The Aerograft concept, developed by 25-year old Niall Kent, a post-doc researcher at University College London, and Alessia D'Onofrio from Queen Mary University, was chosen from three finalists by a panel of judges in a live voting event following a pitching session.
"It's fantastic! We are very pleased to have won," said Naill Kent after receiving the award from the Duke of York. "We were confident that we have a good idea but we were not expecting it. The competition in the final was very tough, the other entrants were excellent."
In addition to the financial award, the winning team, together with the two other finalists of the Launchpad competition, will join the Royal Academy of Engineering's (RAEng) Enterprise Hub where they will receive expert guidance to get their business off the ground.
"We have existing programmes under the banner of our Enterprise Hub Initiative, which basically harnesses all the expertise and experiences in our network. But most of these programmes are focused on people at the post-doctoral level," said Hayaatun Sillem, director for Programmes and Fellowships at the RAEng who helped set up the Launchpad competition.
"We felt there was a real need for a competition to focus on the younger age group, the 16 to 25 year-olds, as we believe there are many fantastic technology ideas and a lot of potential among the young people."
Sillem said the judging panel faced a difficult task to select the most perspective proposals from the 40 submissions and found it almost impossible to pick the final three.
"At some point we weren't sure whether to stick to our original idea of three finalists and one winner or whether to embrace a wider group, such was the quality of the submissions," Sillem said. "But these people want to succeed in business so they have to be able to compete, so we stuck to our guns and picked only one winner."
In the final vote, the judging panel, led by the chairman of the RAEng's Enterprise Committee Ian Shott, surprisingly agreed on the idea with the best potential making Aerograft a clear winner.
Focusing on a field where little innovation has been achieved over the past 50 years, Aerograft hopes its product could help nearly 600,000 patients undergoing dental surgery around the world each year – of which a tenth may fail due to improper bone quality.
In a safe distance behind the winning team, but a close second and third, came the Radial Genomics system for more accurate breast cancer diagnoses based on DNA scanning and an infrared flame detector for domestic use developed by a start-up called SinclairFire.
In addition, two entrants were awarded the 'Highly commended' status by the judges – a prototype domestic 3D printer that can be built from a kit developed by 18-year-old Adeel Ali and Jennie Morley's project, which is designed to help coffee farmers get more out of the global coffee business by supplying coffee roasting units and unprocessed coffee beans directly to consumers.
"The most important thing the contestants will get is the comprehensive pro bono support package," Sillem said. "We can get them IP lawyers, we can get them accountants, we can get them into a very, very powerful network of people who have hands-on experience in growing companies."
Niall Kent confirmed the expert know-how and guidance may prove more vital for his company's future success than the financial award. "We are especially looking forward to the mentoring being offered by experts at the academy with vast business experience and also interacting with the Enterprise Hub at the academy. We definitely feel that participating in the competition will help us greatly in the future," he said.
"We ultimately want to release a product and be successful. One special moment will be the first use in a patient and seeing how what we have developed is helping them. We aim to achieve a CE Mark within the next two to three years and so anticipate launching a product after this. We also want to exploit this product as a platform technology for other medical fields."
The Duke of York, known for his support of young entrepreneurs, commented: "If we are to be a prosperous and successful nation we have to invest in young people and young people's ideas. One of the best ways to do this is to challenge them to come up with solutions to the problems that most affect them.
"Engineering is one of the widest market spheres, yet one of the least understood. We can change that by encouraging young people to deliver innovative ideas. The key is giving them the support and mentoring that they need, and the Launchpad competition delivers exactly that."
The RAEng hopes to launch the next round of the Launchpad competition early next year and believes the event has the potential to grow and bring more exciting and innovative technology ideas to life.


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Hello friends!
I am engaged!!
I am so happy and excited. Clay and I have been together for over 5 years now and I'm just so very happy. We got engaged in October and it has just been a wonderful month.
Clay knew that I didn't want an engagement ring, so he bought me another kind of engagement gift...
a typewriter desk!
Here it is covered with Halloween makings:
It has a recessed area to put a typewriter. You push up the panel and the recessed area rises up. It is reallllly awesome. I haven't put my typewriter inside yet as I need to get a new ribbon and fix something on it. It is fussy about feeding the paper.
Anyway, here's another shot of glorious Halloween papers and a skull!!!
I need to post photos of the Halloween mailart I made. And time to move on to making envelopes with pictures of turkeys and other delicious food.
Thanksgiving here we come!
P.S. Can you even guess how excited I am about designing my wedding invitations??!!!
Saturday, November 2, 2013
Big News!!
5 comments:
An engagement DESK!? What a man. So happy for you guys! Can't wait to see what you come up with for the invitations.ReplyDelete
Congratulations! Such a pretty desk too, what a great engagement gift.ReplyDelete
Congrats and rock on!ReplyDelete
Congrats! That desk is amazing! I hope you'll have a wonderful time planning your wedding!ReplyDelete
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Make the meatballs: Preheat the broiler. In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the eggs, pecorino, parsley, garlic and some salt and pepper until it is all incorporated. Add the ground meats and breadcrumbs and, using your God-given hands, get after it and mix away. Do not overwork the meat or it will turn meatloaf-y. You want it loose and supple.
Using your hands again, make 6 loose patties to match the size of your bread. Heat some oil in a large heavy-bottomed cast-iron pan (or use a griddle pan) over medium heat. In batches, fry the patties until golden brown, 4 to 5 minutes per side. Transfer to a baking sheet.
For the sandwich build: Toast the split buns under the broiler, about 3 minutes. Spoon 3 tablespoons of sauce on top of each patty and top with a few slices of mozzarella. Place the patties under the broiler until melted and golden, 3 to 5 minutes. Place the patties on the buns and top with giardiniera and roasted red peppers. Cut in half and serve with the remaining marinara sauce on the side.
Photograph by Ryan Liebe
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Philip Niles. Beauty of the City: A. E. Doyle, Portland's Architect. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 2008. xvi + 278 pp. $29.95 (paper), ISBN 978-0-87071-298-2.
Reviewed by Jeffrey Ochsner
Published on H-Urban (December, 2008)
Commissioned by Sharon L. Irish (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign)
Portland's Architect, A. E. Doyle
A. E. Doyle was the most important architect in Portland, Oregon, in the first quarter of the twentieth century. His firm was responsible for the design of a majority of the major downtown buildings, as well as a wide variety of institutional, educational, and residential structures. Yet today Doyle is most often remembered as the architect who gave Pietro Belluschi his start. Brief accounts of Doyle's practice have previously appeared in Space, Style and Structure: Building in Northwest America (1974), Frozen Music: A History of Portland Architecture (1985), and Pietro Belluschi: Modern American Architect (1994). Philip Niles's new book, Beauty of the City, is the first full-length biography of Doyle.
Albert Ernest Doyle (1877-1928) came to Portland with his family before 1882. In 1893, soon after completing eighth grade, Doyle began working for Portland's leading architects, Whidden & Lewis. He remained at the firm as a drafter through 1905, with the exception of the two years spent in New York working for Henry Bacon (today best known for his design of the Lincoln Memorial). In 1906 Doyle traveled in Europe. The next year he opened his own architectural office.
A. E. Doyle, as he was known professionally, was fortunate to start his practice just as Portland was beginning a building boom. With his knowledge of European precedents and his recent experience in New York, Doyle was the Portland architect best prepared to take on the challenges of the new steel-framed downtown buildings. He also had an affable, ingratiating personality and proved adept at cultivating the city's business and cultural elite. Doyle quickly received commissions for large buildings and, at some point in 1907, likely to manage his sudden success, he formed a partnership with another local architect, William B. Patterson. Patterson served as engineer and project superintendent, freeing Doyle to focus primarily on client development and design. Over the next seven years, Doyle & Patterson was responsible for thirteen major downtown buildings, including department stores, office blocks, hotels and the central library. In 1911 the firm provided a campus plan for the new Reed College and thereafter designed the first campus buildings. (From 1911 to 1913 a third partner was added, engineer James Beach, and the firm was called Doyle, Patterson & Beach.)
Like other successful architects of his generation, Doyle was skilled in designing in multiple styles. Many of his downtown buildings were clad in white terra cotta and these typically drew on classical precedents. The Reed buildings were brick structures that can be characterized as collegiate gothic. Doyle also designed residential buildings; several cottages of his design at the coastal resort of Neahkahnie would inspire a later generation of Oregon architects seeking an appropriate modern regional mode.
As the economy declined after 1912, Doyle's firm, which had twenty employees at its peak, was scaled back and the partnership came to an end in 1915. For the next several years, Doyle practiced as a sole proprietor with just a few employees. It was not until the early 1920s that Portland's economy, and Doyle's practice, truly rebounded. In the 1920s his firm designed several more large downtown office buildings. Most drew from the precedent of the Renaissance palazzo; the Pacific Building (1926) is notable for the simplicity of its rectilinear expression and its minimal detail.
Doyle's last years were marred by illness. A trip to Europe in 1926-27 was intended to allow him to relax and recuperate, but his health continued to decline. He died in Portland in January 1928. Doyle's contributions to the city were heralded the day after his death in an obituary on the front page of The Oregonian that called him "the designer of Portland's skyline."
Beauty of the City does not end with Doyle's death, however. As Niles explains, shortly before his death, Doyle took in three partners and reorganized his practice as A. E. Doyle and Associates. After his death, Doyle's partners carried on under this name. Pietro Belluschi, who had joined the office in 1925, was not initially a partner, but he was the primary designer in the reorganized firm. He rose to prominence with the design of the new Portland Art Museum (1931-32), which was executed in a modern idiom. Belluschi assumed full control in 1943, fifteen years after Doyle's death, and the firm's name was changed to Pietro Belluschi, Architect. (Belluschi went on to become an important and prolific modern architect, who served as dean of the School of Architecture and Planning at MIT from 1951 to 1965, and won a Gold Medal from the American Institute of Architechts' [AIA] in 1972.)
Beauty of the City is a traditional biography. The book focuses on the life and career of A. E. Doyle. The book is strongest on Doyle's own life and on his relationships with Portland business leaders like department store owner Sigmund Frank and lumberman and real estate developer Simon Benson, as well as cultural leaders like Thomas Lamb Eliot, Anna Belle Crocker, and Harry Wentz. There are occasional explorations of the larger context, but primarily to enhance the discussion of Doyle. Thus, in chapter 3 Niles includes a brief discussion of the professionalization of Portland architecture, including the formation of the Portland Architectural Club in 1906, the beginning of the Oregon Chapter of the AIA in 1911, and the institution of architectural licensing in Oregon in 1919. In chapter 9 he presents an overview of the nascent modernism that influenced Portland's architectural culture after the mid 1920s.
The primary source for research on Doyle is the collection of Doyle's business records and drawings, which are held at Syracuse University as part of the Pietro Belluschi papers. In addition, Niles was fortunate to secure the cooperation of many Doyle descendants and others who hold important documents. Niles also sought out the details of Doyle's early life and education and, as a result, corrects multiple errors found in previous publications.
The strength of Beauty of the City is the thoroughness of the biographical research. The book is less effective as a work of architectural or urban history. Doyle emerged as a successful architect just as the steel frame was allowing Portland buildings to achieve a new scale, and mechanical and electrical systems were becoming increasingly complex. Niles quotes Doyle regarding these design challenges: "'A modern department store is so full of pipes and wires and utilities of service and problems that should all be carefully worked out'" (p. 220). How Doyle and his firm handled the new complexities of large buildings with their interior systems is not well addressed, however. Nor does Niles clearly discuss how Doyle ran his firm and precisely what role he played in his designs. Niles asserts that Doyle was completely in control of all the work his office produced (p. xii), but how Doyle exercised design control when the firm was handling multiple large and complex projects, and the staff grew to twenty, is not explained. In fact, Niles quotes Doyle's statement that he "'loved to draw,'" but that "he was not able 'to do very much of it because the business end took so much time''' (p. 16). There is no doubt that Doyle was the design leader of the firm; he was also the primary contact with clients. How then did he manage all the projects?
Similarly, Niles offers a somewhat limited exploration of the urban context in which Doyle's firm carried out its work. The map in the Preface showing the locations of Doyle buildings in downtown Portland is not adequate to illustrate Niles's brief discussion of the early twentieth-century development of what might be called Portland's "streetcar downtown," distinct from its earlier "pedestrian downtown" along the Willamette River (p. 72). Doyle's buildings were likely shaped in part by Portland's building regulations, but Niles does not address these regulations in any detail. The tall buildings Doyle designed typically were built to the property line with little use of setbacks, an approach that was likely influenced, at least in part, by the relatively small downtown Portland blocks (200 by 200 feet), but the effect of block size on building form is not analyzed.[1]
Beauty of the City offers a useful introduction to the life and career of a significant architect. It would have been more useful, however, had it followed some typical practices in biographical monographs in architectural history. First, although an illustration is provided for each major work discussed, few interiors and no plans have been included. It would have been impossible to include a plan of every building, but since Niles argues that Doyle focused on efficiency and on providing buildings appropriate to the functions they housed (p. 220), a selection of representative plans should have been included to support this claim. Similarly, Doyle's proposed Reed College plan anticipated "a large university" (p. 86), but an overall view of campus plan is not provided.[2] Second, there is no complete chronological list of Doyle's works. The list provided (pp. 231-234) includes only "major jobs," and is divided into "Public Buildings" and "Houses"; within those categories works are listed alphabetically, making it hard to trace the evolution of Doyle's practice. (A complete list is apparently available in a Reed College M.A. thesis (p. xiii), but that document is not easily accessible to scholars.) Further, the dates of buildings on the list do not appear to follow an explicit dating convention. Architectural historians generally agree that building dates should begin with the year a commission is received in an architect's office and end with the year when the client or user occupies the completed building. If only a single date is given, it should be the year of occupancy.
A. E. Doyle's career began just a century ago. His success as an architect may be measured in part by the fact that almost all of his major buildings continue to serve commercial, educational, institutional, and residential users in Portland and in other locations across the Pacific Northwest. Beauty of the City presents the life and career of a man who contributed substantially to the character of his city and region. However, this book offers only the beginning of a detailed analysis of the precise nature of his contribution.
[1]. An introduction to building and development patterns in downtown Portland from 1905 to 1930 is offered by Virginia Guest Ferriday, Last of the Handmade Buildings: Glazed Terra Cotta in Downtown Portland (Portland: Mark Publishing, 1984), 7-25.
[2]. A perspective illustration of the Reed College plan is found in Paul Venable Turner, Campus: An American Planning Tradition (New York: Architectural History Foundation; Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press, 1984), 222; and in Meredith Clausen, Pietro Belluschi: Modern American Architect (Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press, 1994), 35.
Gold Medal
If there is additional discussion of this review, you may access it through the network, at: https://networks.h-net.org/h-urban.
Jeffrey Ochsner. Review of Niles, Philip, Beauty of the City: A. E. Doyle, Portland's Architect.
H-Urban, H-Net Reviews.
December, 2008.
URL: http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=23493
|This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.


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- Posted August 23, 2013 by
- CarlosSpera
Tummy Tuck (Abdominoplasty): Advancements, Options, Expectations & Cost
MIAMI, FLORIDA -- After losing weight, some people are left with excess skin around their mid-section and would like to have that skin removed. One of the options for this is to have abdominoplasty or tummy tuck surgery. This procedure eliminates excess fat or skin from around the mid-section or stomach area and strengthens or reinstates divided or weakened abdominal muscles resulting in a firmer appearance and feel.
Before deciding on whether or not to have this procedure, it is important to consult with a doctor and to be truthful in your answers because this can impact the success and safety of the surgery.
Be prepared to answer questions about why you want the surgery, your expectations and desired outcome from the surgery, any previous surgeries, any current medications you may be taking including vitamins or supplements, tobacco or alcohol use, and any medical history, allergies or treatments.
Do some research before your appointment so that you are prepared to ask questions about procedure options, potential complications, recovery times, and pricing. Your health insurance probably will not cover this procedure, so ask about payment plans.
Ask about the surgeon's training and qualification and how many procedures similar to yours that this doctor has performed. Do not be shy about asking these questions. A qualified doctor has no problem answering and will be glad that you asked.
Are You a Good Candidate?
Tummy tucks are often used after pregnancy, weight loss, aging, and in some cases of hereditary issues. This is a procedure that varies with the individual. The best candidates are those who have worked hard to get rid of stubborn deposits of fat and excess skin around their belly using diet and exercise, but have had no success.
They are generally healthy and maintain a steady weight, do not smoke and have realistic expectations about the outcome of this surgery. Most women who have tummy tuck surgery are done having children because the tummy tuck procedure will tighten the vertical muscles in the abdominal wall.
Tummy Tuck Techniques
There are several types of tummy tuck techniques. The right one for an individual will depend upon a number of factors including their overall general health, how much excess skin needs to be removed, body shape and size, as well as other things.
Most surgeons will try and use the technique that will leave the smallest incision scar in the least noticeable place and that will be covered by a regular bikini.
Extended Tummy Tuck
The extended tummy tuck is typically used for those individuals who are overweight and who also have fatty deposits on their hips, thighs, back, sides, and abdomens. This is a more costly and extensive procedure and requires a longer recovery and patients must be in good overall health.
This procedure can combine a tummy tuck with liposuction to remove excess skin from more than one area. This is a good procedure for those individuals who have lost a great deal of weight and who have excess sagging skin that needs to be lifted and firmed.
A Complete Tummy Tuck
This is a procedure to tighten abdominal muscles loosened from pregnancy or weight loss from bariatric surgery. Also, older patients who have excess skin from aging can benefit from a complete tummy tuck. This is a less extensive surgery than the extended tummy tuck, however this is the most invasive tummy tuck surgery and results in pain, bruising, and swelling.
This tummy tuck surgery typically results in a new navel because the skin is pulled down and re-draped over the belly button. This is usually done so that it is hidden by a bikini bottom. A complete tummy tuck is only for individuals in good overall general health and this procedure has a significant recovery period.
Tumescent Tummy Tuck
A tumescent tummy tuck is a form of liposuction and removes excess fat and skin from around the abdomen. This type of tummy tuck is good for individuals with good skin elasticity and pockets of fat on the lower abdomen and around the navel.
The tumescent tummy tuck has a number of benefits over the other tummy tuck procedures including reduced recovery time and reduced cost. Many times a tumescent tummy tuck can be performed as an outpatient procedure and the patient may go home the same day.
Mini Tummy Tuck
The mini tummy tuck is like a complete tummy tuck, but does not have the belly button incision. The mini tummy tuck is often done as an outpatient procedure and the patient can go home that day. This procedure is appropriate for individuals with excess fat or skin located below the belly button.
The incision is significantly smaller than that made for the complete tummy tuck and does not leave a scar around the navel.
How Much Does It Cost?
Costs for a tummy tuck will depend upon where you live and who does the procedure, but in general the cost of a tummy tuck will include the facility fees, the anesthesiologist's fee, and of course, the surgeon's fee. There will also be other fees including lab work and pre and post-surgical testing and medications.
In general the cost of a tummy tuck procedure will range from $3,500 to $10,000 and will average around $5,000. A mini tummy tuck will cost less than a complete tummy tuck and an extended tummy tuck will be the most expensive procedure of all.
Tummy tuck surgery is not without risks and these should certainly be considered before making the decision to move forward with the surgery. Risks with tummy tuck surgery include bleeding, infection, blood clots, and scar tissue buildup. Be sure and discuss these risks and any other possible complications with your doctor.
It is critical to consider the skill and qualifications of the doctor in addition to the cost of the procedure when making your decision about tummy tuck surgery.
About Dr. Carlos Spera
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After working in Massachusetts and New York, Dr. Spera opened his South Florida Practice. He is board certified by the American Board of Cosmetic Surgery and has over 30 years of experience in plastic and reconstructive surgery. His scientific work and excellent results transcends frontiers. He receives patients from all different places worldwide, who search for his experience and dedication. Learn more at CarlosSpera.com.


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