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Having trouble paying your bills? Getting dunning notices from creditors? Are your accounts being turned over to debt collectors? Are you worried about losing your home or your car? You're not alone. Many people face a financial crisis at some point in their lives. Whether the crisis is caused by personal or family illness, the loss of a job, or overspending, it can seem overwhelming. But often, it can be overcome. With the right counsel, and a strategy that suits your personal financial situation, things don't have to go from bad to worse.
The Debt Management Assistance program powered by Prosper Law Group, LLC may be just what you need to regain control. Take action today!
If you or someone you know is in financial distress, consider these options: self-help using realistic budgeting and other techniques; debt relief services, like credit counseling or debt management from a reputable organization; debt consolidation; or bankruptcy. How do you know which will work best for you? It depends on your level of debt, your income, your level of discipline, and your financial prospects for the near and distant future.
Contact us and we will be happy to help you find a solution that is right for you.
Of course you can work with your creditors directly to settle the accounts yourself. There is a lot of information publicly available to assist with this, however, the structure and the guidance of a knowledgeable professional is considered by many, well worth the savings and peace of mind.
Debt settlement is by no means an exact science. And it's difficult for an individual lacking experience with creditors to determine whether a settlement is fair or not. In addition, you have to directly handle all creditor calls and the harassment that comes with the job. Many people are simply unable or uninterested in handling that kind of pressure, especially with the daily complexities of managing a job, household or family at the same time.
Hiring a professional debt settlement firm with a good reputation can no doubt save you more money, give you better advice, and get you out of debt in a much less stressful manner, enabling you can move on with your life.
Bankruptcy may allow you to eliminate most of your debts quickly and this is typically referred to as a "Chapter 7 Bankruptcy." In other cases, you may be required to pay back a percentage of your debts over time. This is typically referred to as a "Chapter 13 Bankruptcy." Bankruptcy also offers legal protection under the court so that you don't have to worry about being sued or harassed by creditors while completing the bankruptcy process. While most reputable debt settlement firms will work to assist in minimizing creditor calls and harassment where possible, debt settlement does not provide the guaranteed legal protection that bankruptcy does.
Chapter 7 bankruptcy is not an option for everyone and it has gone through some changes since the bankruptcy reforms of 2005. Unlike the not so distant past, it has become more difficult to qualify for full liquidation (forgiveness) of your unsecured debts. Chapter 13 bankruptcy requires five years of court-ordered payments to a trustee, and may require you to surrender some of your assets.
However, as getting all of your options will help you make a more informed decision, speaking to a bankruptcy attorney may be a worthwhile discussion. Most reputable debt settlement firms can refer you to a trusted bankruptcy attorney if you have detailed questions or if they determine that you might be better served by speaking to them instead.
Debt settlement is the process by which a service provider, working on behalf of a Client (a financially distressed consumer enrolled in the service provider's debt settlement program), negotiates the settlement and discharge of the Client's unsecured indebtedness. Debt settlement generally serves those consumers who are goal oriented, have overcome a past hardship, and are now financially stable and are either not interested in Bankruptcy, or are unable to satisfy the means test required as a prerequisite to personal bankruptcy.
Although the debt settlement process involves functioning as the intermediary between the debtor and the creditor, debt settlement service providers do not provide legal representation, nor do they provide tax or bankruptcy advice or counseling services. Similarly, debt settlement service providers do not provide assistance with secured indebtedness, such as mortgages or any other type of secured indebtedness (a creditor holding secured debt has no incentive to negotiate, or reason to accept, a settlement of less than the value of the underlying security).
Debt settlement has been available to commercial enterprises for many years, although it only became widely available as an option for consumers in 2003 and took off, as an industry, following the passage of the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2005. The Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2005 made it much more difficult and expensive for consumers to seek discharge of their debts, particularly credit card-related debts. (See Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, Forgive and Forget: Who Gets Credit After Bankruptcy and Why?, Working Paper No. QAU09-2, July 23, 2009, p.9.)
If you are current on your payments, it is very difficult, if not impossible to settle your debt. Creditors typically want to see that you are in a hardship situation before they are willing to negotiate. Therefore, you would have to voluntarily stop paying your unsecured debts; allowing them to become delinquent, or go into default before settlement discussions become a viable solution. Keep in mind also that your creditors and/or collections agencies may review your credit report, and a better credit score will make them less willing to negotiate. Debt Settlement services are best implemented while you are still recovering from a hardship. Secured debts, such as a home loan or car loan are collateralized; you should continue to pay these accounts on-time to avoid repossession or foreclosure proceedings.
By not paying your creditors, your credit will be adversely affected by debt settlement. However, having to experience this circumstance may be better than having to file for bankruptcy, especially on your credit rating.
Finally, as debts are settled, the date of last activity will be updated with the credit bureaus, also negatively impacting your credit score however. By coupling debt settlement with a reputable credit repair and rebuilding program, this damage can often be mitigated by other tactics including the removal of the negative account from your credit history, a best case scenario.
In general, in the United States, the IRS considers debt which is forgiven as income. This means if you borrow $15,000 on your credit cards and settle it for $8,000, the $7,000 difference is taxable as income since it is not repaid. However, the IRS will often waive this tax liability if you can show that you were insolvent during the time in which your debt settlement took place. We highly recommend a quick call to your accountant or tax professional for further discussion. You may be relieved with what they have to say!
There are always very clear and real responsibilities when dealing with debt, especially when you don't pay back 100% of what you owe. However, once you can remove your debt problem from your life, a whole new world of opportunity can open up for you.
Coming Soon!
A record of an obligation owed by a Client to a creditor. An Account may have one of three different statuses: an "Active Account" is an Account that is currently enrolled in an active debt settlement program; a "Settled Account" is an Account that has been successfully settled; and a "Terminated Account" is an Account that has been withdrawn prior to settlement by a Client from a debt settlement program.
A proceeding in federal court in which a debtor is ordered to follow a repayment schedule for 3 to 5 years in order to satisfy their debts; reported on credit profile for 7 years.
A proceeding in federal court in which an insolvent debtor's assets are liquidated and the debtor is relieved of further liability; reported on one's credit profile for 10 years. Commonly referred to as liquidation bankruptcy.
A consumer who has enrolled in a debt settlement program.
approach to debt resolution that involves working with creditors to create a repayment schedule with reduced interest rates and late fees. Also known as debt counseling.
rating used by banks and financial institutions to determine the credit-worthiness of an applicant; a measurement of the probability that a candidate will default on any credit extended to them; of the bankruptcy alternatives available to consumers, only debt settlement will affect one's credit score negatively.
An unsecured obligation, represented by an Account, owed by a Client to a creditor.
a loan used to pay off outstanding debts and in turn, the consumer pays back the loan at a presumably lower interest rate; the loan is typically but not always secured by property
the services provided by debt relief companies, whether credit counseling or debt settlement, or an individual strategy for debt reduction.
The difference between the amounts owed by a Client to a creditor at the time of settlement and the amount for which that Debt is actually settled. By way of example, if a Client owes $10,000 at the time of settlement and the Debt is settled for $4,000, the Debt Reduction would be $6,000.
the total or partial forgiveness of debt obligations through either a reduction in interest, the balance owed, payment terms, or all of the above; commonly refers to debt settlement, bankruptcy, and credit counseling, but can refer to anything that alleviates one's debt burdens.
approach to debt resolution that involves negotiating with creditors and resolving an outstanding balance for a lump sum payment of less than the principal. Also known as debt negotiation or debt reduction.
The compensation charged by a debt settlement services provider. Note that fees charged by both debt settlement companies and credit counseling organizations are very different from each other and vary widely by state.
The Federal Trade Commission, the United States governmental agency responsible for oversight of certain aspects of the debt settlement industry.
The Amended Telemarketing Sales Rules (16 C.F.R. Part 310 et seq.), as issued by the FTC on July 29, 2010, which rule implemented the "advance fee" ban, effective as of October 27, 2010.
The net economic value of a settlement to a Client. "Savings" represents Debt Reduction minus Fees. By way of example, the settlement of a $10,000 Debt for $4,000 with a 20% Fee yields Savings of $4,000 ($6,000 of Debt Reduction minus the $2,000 Fee).
Back in the day, unwinding once the clock hit 5 P.M. meant a pow-wow with coworkers at a local watering hole. But as work pressures have ex..
Seventy-one percent of non-homeowners repaying their student loans on time believe their debt is stymieing their ability to purchase a home, and s..


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Room for rent - Smolenskaya (Moscow)
One large room with enclosed balcony opening onto quiet side-street available in three-bedroom flat on fourth floor with elevators. Flat is Protected content walk from both Smolenskaya metros and Protected content walk to Kievskaya metro. Four supermarkets in walking distance, as well as Smolenski Passazh, Lotte Plaza and Evropeski shopping centers. Close to Arbat. Room is furnished with large bed, wardrobe, dresser, armchair. Flat has fully-stocked kitchen with fridge, microwave, and balcony with view of Moscow river and MID. Apartment has shared bathroom with washing machine. All utilities and wifi included in price - Protected content . First month and one-month deposit (last month's rent) to move in. Available from June 23. Long-term preferred.

subset: commoncrawl


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Question about Fisher and Paykel GWL11 Top Load Washer
Posted by maurice_rose on
Hi from retired Englishman in SW France
I mostly answer front load problems but ' out of balance' is a common problem with both!
It is necessary to ensure absolutely that the machine, even when empty, has all 4 feet very firmly on the floor, and I mean firmly ;-0)
Doesn't matter whether it is empty or not but switch it off then-
very firmly push one front corner diagonally into the centre of the machine and see if the machine moves or rocks AT ALL, even the slightest. If it does you will need the open-ended spanner which came with the (new) machine........which of course went missing a long time ago?!! An adjustable spanner will suffice.
Adjust the foot under that corner downwards until it is very firmly- almost pushing- against the floor but not so far that the corner lifts up!
If this corner did not rock do the same to the other.
Once you cannot rock the machine the slightest little bit, screw the locking nuts up tight to the underside of the machine so that they will not move. Ideally the rear feet should also be locked.
If this has not cured the problem it is possible that the internal suspension is malfunctioning.
Good luck,
John C
Posted on Mar 19, 2011
SOURCE: I have freestanding Series 8 dishwasher. Lately during the filling cycle water hammer is occurring. How can this be resolved
Hi there,
Save hours of searching online or wasting money on unnecessary repairs by talking to a 6YA Expert who can help you resolve this issue over the phone in a minute or two.
Best thing about this new service is that you are never placed on hold and get to talk to real repairmen in the US.
Here's a link to this great service
Good luck!
Posted on Jan 02, 2017
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LONDON (Reuters) - Kweku Adoboli, a former trader at UBS's London office who is serving a seven-year jail sentence for a multi-billion-dollar fraud, has applied for an appeal, a court official said on Friday.
Adoboli, 32, was convicted in November last year of two counts of fraud over unauthorized trades that cost the Swiss bank $2.3 billion.
During his trial, he admitted trading far in excess of authorized risk limits and booking fictitious trades to hide his true risk exposure, but had argued that everything he did was to make profits for UBS and was in line with the bank's culture.
An official at the criminal division of the Court of Appeal in London said Adoboli had filed an application against conviction and sentence on December 21.
The official said that a single judge would consider whether to grant Adoboli permission to appeal, and if permission was granted the appeal would be heard by the full court. No timetable has yet been set.
Adoboli's solicitor, Tim Harris, did not immediately respond to a request for comment. Richard Morton, a spokesman for UBS in London, declined to comment.
(Reporting By Estelle Shirbon, editing by Rosalind Russell)


text:
Interim director takes top job at local shelter
By Steve Herring
Published in News on September 24, 2009 1:46 PM
News-Argus/STEVE HERRING
Vicki Falconer is Wayne County's new animal control director. She has been the acting operational director at the Animal Adoption and Education Center since June.
More education, increasing the number of animal adoptions and promoting the county's spay and neuter program will be among the top priorities of Vicki Falconer -- the county's new animal control director.
The position had been vacant since June when Justin Scally left to take a job with the Humane Society of the United States. Mrs. Falconer, who was appointed to the post this week, had been serving as acting operational director at the Animal Adoption and Education Center.
"Though we interviewed candidates from around the state, and even the country, we chose Vicki because we believe she is committed to the well-being of the animals and understands the needs of the community as well," County Manager Lee Smith said. "We look forward to moving forward in our efforts to reduce the number of animals coming into the shelter each year, as well as increasing adoptions."
The appointment was welcomed by the Wayne County Humane Society.
"We are very pleased with the choice of Vicki," Wayne County Humane Society President Barrett Parker said. "She was a valuable resource when she was working with Justin. She is very involved in the humane treatment of animals and education, which is one of our main missions."
A native of Pennsylvania, Mrs. Falconer moved to Wayne County in 1998 when her husband, Master Sgt. Brian Falconer, was stationed at Seymour Johnson Air Force Base. They have two children, Zachary, 13, and Ashlee, 11, and three dogs, Izzy, Freddie and Gizmo, the last two of which were rescued from the local center.
She said her husband has two years left in the service.
"Our plans are that we are not going anywhere," she said. "We will be staying here. This is home for both of us. We fell in love with Wayne County. You'd have a hard time getting me back to Pennsylvania with all of that snow."
Mrs. Falconer said she is honored to have the community's support. She said she also has her family's support. For example, this past Saturday her husband and children participated in a pet fair held on base.
"They walked dogs all over the base trying to get them adopted and we actually had five adopted," she said.
Mrs. Falconer began working for the county in the Health Department in 1999. She worked in the family planning area and was a team leader for six years before taking the job as administrative assistant in animal control that opened shortly after Scally had arrived.
"I'd always had a love for animals, so I took the initiative and applied for the position," she said. "I was raised in the country, so my parents always had dogs. I can remember the first year I asked for a kitten. I got a little white kitten for Christmas that had a big red bow around its neck. I was probably 7 or 8 years old."
Moving to animal control was a "really a great step for me," she said.
Mrs. Falconer said she enjoyed getting involved with the community and the education aspect of the program and trying to adopt out the animals that come in.
"I was looking for something with a little more growth and little bit more education wise," she said. "Basically I did bookkeeping, daily paperwork. Slowly I went into working more with Justin. I went to all of the investigations.
"I loved it (serving as interim director), every aspect of it. It gave me more knowledge about the supervisory aspect of here. I had some supervisory background through my work at the Health Department."
However, she said that unlike Scally that she does not plan to be deputized, but rather leave that part of the work to the Sheriff's Office.
"I worked on getting the volunteer program established that Justin had been working on and I did get it up and got some volunteers," she said. "I have some fosters. Basically I have been just trying to look at other ways to get the community involved and try to raise my adoption rate some."
One goal, she said, is to keep adoptions where they are at or increase them some.
"We are getting a lot (of animals) turned in right now," she said. "I don't know if the economy has anything to do with that."
That, she said, is where the spay and neuter program could help by reducing unwanted litters of puppies and kittens.
"I don't want them (adoptions) to drop any, so I want to do whatever I can do to keep adoptions up. The best thing about the job is seeing the animals get adopted. When you see them going to good homes, that helps to counteract the bad times."
Mrs. Falconer says the hardest part of the job is putting the animals down.
"That doesn't get any easier," she said.
"I'd like to get out and do more education on it (adoptions)," she said. "Go in the schools more, having some classes here -- trying to get the community to come in and learn more about adopting an animal and what really is needed to take care of it. The children are our future and maybe they can make the difference with how our animals are treated.
"People come in and see a puppy. They want that puppy, but they don't know how to take care of it. I really wish we had the time to meet with prospective adopters and make sure they really are prepared for that new dog they just selected. Some people decide they want a dog, but a few months later they are bringing it back because it chews up things and they don't know how train it."
The shelter is open Monday through Thursday from 10 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. and on the third Saturday of the month from 11 a.m. to 1:30 p.m.
To volunteer or join the foster care program call 731-1439. Applications are available on line waynegov.com and click on animal control link or people may stop by the center on Clingman Street to pick one up.


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A site company is looking for programmers for WORD PRESS
Budjetti $250-750 USD
My name is Tomer CEO primatik I am looking for a programmer to work with him on a regular basis.
What is required to perform?
Get a PSD and program a website in wordpress
The site must be built from 0 - that is, not a temperature
You will get components that we are interested in which you will use to create your website.
Contact Form 7
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Yoast SEO
Google Analytics for WordPress by MonsterInsights
Disable Comments
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We produce in a month between 2 - 4 websites.
Landing Pages We produce about 3 - 9 per month.
Schedules are very important.
Web site programming must be left-right, right-left in Hebrew we write from right to left.
Correspondence in English or Hebrew.
Thank you very much for your cooperation
Tomer Taybi
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Art of Faith (The)
Art of Faith (The)
Sr Wendy Beckett
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In this inspiring series of reflections on episodes from the life of Jesus, Sr Wendy Beckett guides us around a selection of panels from the Maestà altarpiece. Duccio completed his great masterpiece for the high altar of Siena Cathedral in 1311 but rather than seeing these paintings as something from a bygone age, Sr Wendy challenges us to examine how Duccio's representations offer us new meaning in our lives today.
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text:
I almost let out a whimper when I saw this…
Was I a tad too quick in getting the Hello Shanghai Takeout Bag (also from Kate Spade) because this Hot Air Balloon Bag (official name: Flights of Fancy Balloon Bag) looks cuter!
Such a cute clutch bag that even comes with a zip lining which looks like it is made of velvet. I wonder if the circular section ("balloon") would be able to settle on the base – just trying to imagine how this bag looks like when it is at resting position. Nonetheless, it is no denying that this bag/clutch/wristlet (*delete where applicable) looks so adorable and pretty well-made!
Priced at US$398, now I kinda wished I didn't buy the Takeout Bag. It's quite irrational to have more than one whimsical bag – especially when both are of similar colours – but if you are on a lookout for something kitschy and affordable, I permit you to put this irresistible Flight of Fancy Balloon Bag in your shopping cart…
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text:
Cradle to Cradle institute launches
Architect William McDonough and chemist Dr. Michael Braungart made a huge splash on the green scene in 2002 with their book Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things and have since created an entire movement. Their Cradle to Cradle (C2C) framework is a paradigm shift to eliminate waste through innovative design. Originally developed in 1995, the framework posits that sustainable design, based on the laws of nature, can transform the consumer economy into a regenerative force. The C2C model provides a blueprint for redesigning products and ingredients to become nutrients, enabling old products to become the raw material for new goods and services.
They have since created a C2C certification program (through MBDC), for companies and products that adhere to the C2C criteria. Companies such as Herman Miller, Method, Steelcase and many others have products that have been C2C certified.
And last week, they announced that they were starting the Green Products Innovation Institute, Inc. (GPII), a non-profit organization based in California focused on transforming the making and consumption of things into a regenerative force for the planet. The announcement happened at Google Headquarters in Mountain View, CA, and included GPII founders and supporters, including William McDonough, Governor Schwarzenegger, Adam Lowry, James Cameron, San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom and many other political, business and design leaders.
The Institute will provide consumers with a valuable resource to ensure that the products they use daily at home, school and work—in every aspect of their lives—are safe and healthy. Rather than focusing on how to make the ingredients in consumer products "less bad," the GPII is designed to be a resource for those who aspire to be "more good" and achieve new levels of environmental and human health and safety for all products sold in California (and soon, beyond).
The Institute, using the C2C protocols, will work with leaders from academia, the NGO environmental community, government and industry to establish a rating system for evaluating products. Products that meet the criteria will receive the Cradle to Cradle product mark. In addition to the data on toxic chemicals that will be collected as a part of the state's Toxic's Information Clearinghouse, there will also be a list of safer "positive" alternative chemicals list created that will enable greater innovation by industry. That innovation will, in turn, lead to safer products and bring us closer to a global Cradle to Cradle economy. Using the C2C framework, the GPII is set to transform how companies design, manufacture and use chemicals, fostering innovation and job growth in a new green chemistry sector.
As an architect, I want to make buildings healthy and choose materials that will have future lives, but it isn't always easy to know what to avoid, as well as what are the best alternative solutions. That is where GPII can help. The creation of GPII is an exciting step for making C2C principles more accessible—not only for consumers to understand, but also for designers, architects, and companies to adopt in their designs and products. The C2C ideas are big, and the Institute has the promise to make the big innovative ideas a built mainstream reality.
Govenor Schwarzenegger brought a Green Chemistry program into law requiring the toughest, most comprehensive regulatory regime in the country for identifying harmful chemicals in consumer products and require manufacturers of those products to evaluate safer alternatives. This law also gives authority to California's Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) to take action for imposing restrictions and bans. The DTSC and GPII will be collaborating on strong standards and offering solutions.
"The time is now for us to go beyond simply being "less bad" and to lead the world in the invention and innovation of "more good" with Cradle to Cradle products and a prosperous Cradle to Cradle economy. Together, we will inspire and transform the world."—Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger
Not only am I a huge William McDonough and C2C fan, but I am also proud to be an advisor with GPII.—Michelle Kaufmann
This entry was posted on Monday, May 24th, 2010 at 6:00 AM and is filed under Green. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


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Sharing gruesome images is not activism. It's reprehensible.Submitted by Darsha Indrajith on Sun, 08/03/2014 - 21:21.
Almost 2000 people have been killed in Gaza. Some of those killed have been children in a UN school or playing on a beach. Any indiscriminate killing of civilians is horrific. Do we really need to see images of child corpses to realise this?
Greenhouse App: Spot the political sellout!Submitted by Samantha Luiz on Sun, 08/03/2014 - 16:33.
What if I put it to you that there's an app that can expose corrupt politicians and easily track where they get their money from?
Sexism: a part of gamingSubmitted by Kerushun on Sun, 08/03/2014 - 15:10.
If you've been on the internet, you've seen the work of a keyboard warrior. Being insensitive is the main ammunition of the typical keyboard warrior - with terms like 'rape' even part of gamer parlance. But one that is frequently overseen is the harassment of women in gaming and the games industry alike.
The "reality of war" or desensitisation of the public?Submitted by Samantha Luiz on Sun, 08/03/2014 - 14:47.
Mainstream media have tended to tread carefully where pictures of war are concerned. There was almost a science to it- the ability to portray the terrible and horrific impact of war on families and society without showing actual dead bodies.
Cyber Onion that will make you crySubmitted by Kawela Mule on Sun, 08/03/2014 - 12:44.
There is some new malware roaming these cyber streets. We have seen something like this before. It encrypts your digital belongings and the criminal has the audacity to make you pay to get your documents back, or else you can kiss your data goodbye. This new strain of malware is also known as 'Onion'.


text:
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Friday July 27, 2007
Review: Brave New Words
Brave New Words (hereafter BNW) is subtitled "The Oxford Dictionary of Science Fiction", and they're not kidding. No haphazard collection of SF-related terminology, BNW is an impressive piece of scholarship, based on the OED's method of collecting citations to establish both what a word means and when it began to be used. As the editor, Jeff Prucher (whose blog, I note with a bit of disappointment, is not named by analogy with Jim Treacher's) points out, BNW is based on the citations collected by the online OED Science Fiction Citations project. BNW was also copyedited by the linguistiblogosphere's own Language Hat, so you know all those letters and whatnot are in the right place.
I loved this book. If you're a science fiction fan and you've ever wanted to know which writer invented some piece of SF terminology or how the meaning of such a word has changed over time, you really ought to pick up a copy (or three). After I write this review, BNW is going on the shelf right next to the invaluable Clute and Nicholls Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. (Before I wrote this review, BNW spent about four months alternating between my night table and the bathroom—it's just that good.)
Most of the contents of BNW are organized like any other dictionary. Entries are organized alphabetically, and each consists of the headword, a part of speech, and then for each sense of the headword, a definition followed by a series of citations. Here's an example:
mind shield n. a mental barrier that prevents a telepath from reading one's thoughts.
1940 A. E. van Vogt Slan in Astounding S-F (Nov.) 132/2: You will lower your mind shield. Of course, I don't expect absolutely free access to your brain.
[followed by three more citations]
In addition to the definitions, many of the alphabetical sections begin with a short essay about some aspect of SF terminology. Some of the highlights include: "Earthlings", a discussion of the wide variety of terms meaning 'person from Earth'; "Expletives & Profanity", which explores the fertile territory of frak, smeg, frell, and gorram; "Fanspeak", an introduction to the jargon of SF fandom; and "Space Drives", which describes the terminology for various fictional and non-fictional ways of propelling spacecraft. (The remaining essays are "Communications & Entertainment", "Naval Terms", "Robots", "Star Trek", "Time Travel", "Weapons", and "Zines".) These essays provide additional context and structure to BNW, and I really enjoyed them. In fact, I wish that there were more of them, and that they went into more depth about how the SF concepts behind SF words like ringworld and ansible have been borrowed and adapted by later writers—but that's probably beyond the scope of BNW, which after all is a dictionary of SF, not an encyclopedia. (If you're interested in the origins of SF concepts, check out Technovelgy.)
So, if it's the Oxford dictionary of science fiction, what kind of word goes into BNW as opposed to the full OED? The answer seems to be fourfold:
- Words whose origin was in science fiction. Such words may refer only to fictional concepts, but of course the referents may also exist in the real world, since concepts and inventions that originated in SF sometimes really are developed later. (e.g space suit)
- Words that have a particular science fictional usage. These are additional senses of words that already appear in dictionaries of real-world English.
- Words that refer to science fiction itself. This may sound like a narrow category, but in addition to the myriad of synonyms and near-synonyms for science fiction (scientifiction, sci-fi, SF, etc) it includes terms for specific sub-genres of science fiction (e.g. space opera, planetary romance).
- Words that are used in science fiction fandom. There are a lot of these, and if you've never heard of fanac or -h- infixation, prepare to have your eyes opened. (I have to say, I found these the least interesting because I don't have much to do with organized SF fandom, but it's nice to see them given the same scholarly treatment as the rest of the BNW.)
When I first heard of BNW, I mostly had in mind words of the first kind (of science fictional origin), and I have to admit I was skeptical. After all, how many words, outside of a few well-known examples like grok, robot, and cyberspace, come from SF? Well, it turns out, a lot—since science fiction writers are often trying to anticipate the future, they often end up coining terms for things that later come into being. If there's already an existing term for such a things in SF, it stands a good chance of being adopted as the standard English word.1 There are more words of the second and third kind than I expected, too. I was surprised to find that some of the terms from SF criticism that I had assumed were very old are actually of fairly recent vintage. The first citation for planetary romance, for example, is only from 1978—I had thought it was one of the early competitors that lost out to science fiction.
In a dictionary with such a wide scope, it's inevitable that BNW should have missed a few words, but I'm damned if I can think of many. The only ones that occurred to me as I was reading were hard light and [re]fresher. If you can think of more, you should submit them to the SF citations site. Hopefully, BNW represents the current state of a continuing project, and if so, they need as many readers combing through science fiction stories as they can get.
In summary, then: buy this book. Below, I have a lot of detailed comments about various entries in BNW (I count 33 little Post-It tabs sticking out of the pages of my copy), so this is your chance to bail out...
OK, you asked for it. Some of them are suggestions for earlier citations or finer distinctions in meaning for some entries in BNW, while others are just things that caught my attention.
alien: This is an interesting case of a word that started outside of SF—its Latin root means simply 'foreign'—then took on a specifically STFnal meaning, and finally came to be used outside of SF with that new meaning. In fact, the meaning 'space person' has probably become the default English meaning for this word, to the extent some people reject the term illegal alien in part because they feel it dehumanizes the people it is applied to.
artificial intelligence: At first glance, I thought to myself, "Hold on, surely that term was used in scientific research before science fiction," but BNW is referring to a secondary meaning of the term: not artificial intelligence the field, but an artificial intelligence—you know, the talking box that wants to take over the world.
belter: BNW's first citation for this word is from a 1966 Larry Niven story (which, incidentally, might be antedated by the 1965 magazine version of his World of Ptavvs, but I don't have a copy I can check). Niven is certainly the writer I most strongly associate with the term, but Niven has written that his Asteroid Belt civilization was lifted more-or-less wholesale from earlier stories by Randall Garrett; see the aptly-titled "How I Stole the Belt Civilization" in The Best of Randall Garrett for details. Unfortunately, I also don't have copies of any of those stories, but it would be interesting to know if Garrett used the term belter as well, since that would antedate any Niven citation.
BDO (for Big Dumb Object): This is one of the words from SF criticism whose recency surprised me. The first citation is from the 1993 Clute and Nicholls Encyclopedia. Really? It seems like such a natural term for Dyson spheres and ringworlds I'm amazed it hasn't been in use for much longer.
boat (meaning 'spaceship'): This is one of a bunch of early competing terms for what came to be called spaceships. The essay mentioned above, "Naval Terms", talks about how pervasive this kind of nautical borrowing was, including terms like ship, destroyer, space dock, starfleet, and space pirate. The analogy was, I suspect, more natural when spacecraft were expected to be mighty steel giants with crews of dozens or hundreds, requiring separate bridges, engine rooms, and sick bays. The reality of actual spacecraft, where space is at such a premium they're more likely to contain a bridge/shower/toilet/airlock, would seem to call for a new wave of non-naval borrowing, though I'm not sure from where.
cloaking device: Although I've seen it used elsewhere, I strongly associate this term with Star Trek, and apparently I'm right to do so: the first citation is from D. C. Fontana's 1968 script for "The Enterprise Incident".
doubleplusungood: This word is right on the borderline between science fiction term and literary allusion. Prucher mentions in the preface that words like dilithium that are strongly associated with a single fictional world were generally not included in BNW, but then notes that "newspeak is included, since it went directly from Nineteen Eighty-Four into widespread use." I guess doubleplusungood falls into the same category, but has it really escaped its Orwellian origins? I doubt anyone uses it without it being a conscious reference, for both speaker and hearer, to Nineteen Eighty-Four.
elsewhen: Aha, I can antedate it! The first citation listed for elsewhen is from a story from 1943, but it was used earlier, in 1941's "Elsewhen" by Caleb Saunders (actually Robert Heinlein under a pseudonym), which BNW cites as a source for the words anywhen and somewhen. Devil, meet details! [Whoops! Just before I posted this, I thought to check my copy of Robert A. Heinlein: A Reader's Companion, and it's a good thing I did, because "Elsewhen" was titled "Elsewhere" in its original magazine publication. Devil, meet details, indeed!]
FTL (for Faster Than Light): The first citation for the abbreviation is from 1950, which seems impossibly late. Weren't ships traveling faster than light all through the forties? Google Book Search doesn't turn up anything earlier than the cited Fritz Leiber story, though.
gas giant: This was the biggest surprise and the greatest single pleasure for me in BNW. I had no idea this term originated in a 1952 James Blish story. It's impressive how completely this term has been bleached of its science fictional origins. Words like robot still retain a certain whiff of skiffiness even when used in mundane contexts, but I had never detected even a faint hint of science fiction around gas giant (a phrase which, I note, occurs 130 times in the last decade alone in the ISI Web of Knowledge, a research database of scientific abstracts.)
graser (a gamma ray laser): Quick! Name the science fiction author least likely to have first used such a hard-core mil-SF term in 1974! Give up? Answer: Harlan Ellison, in his excellently-titled "Adrift Just off Islets of Langerhans: Latitude 38°54'N, Longitude 77°00'13"W". You could have knocked me over with a feather. However, it doesn't appear that he coined the term, or that it was even originally from science fiction; it goes back at least as far as U.S. patent 3,234,099 (page 6, left column), which was filed in 1963. I think there's also an additional sense of this word floating around in SF, meaning 'gravity laser' or 'graviton laser' (whatever that's supposed to mean, physics-wise), but I couldn't come up with any citations to prove it.
gravityless: The last citation for this word is from a 2004 article in the New Yorker by Oliver Sacks. Here's the quote: "One parkinsonian friend of mine says that [...] being in an accelerated state is like being on ice, frictionless, slipping down an ever-steeper hill, or on a tiny planet, gravityless, with no force to hold or moor him." That's a decidedly mixed metaphor, Dr. Sacks—I'm sure you'd agree that one needs gravity in order to slip down an icy hill, but you also compare the sensation to the lack of gravity. You can't have it both ways, so which is it? Gravityless or gravityful?
holodeck: This word seems ineluctably Star-Trekky to me, but apparently it's begun to leak out into the wider SF world—a trend that should be nipped in the bud post-haste, if you ask me. At least, it's leaking out if we buy the non-Trek citations from 1994 and 1999. I'm a little suspicious that the 1994 citation, which compares the image created by the holodeck to a "computer generated graphic", uses the word to mean 'small device for showing holograms' instead of the Trek-style room that creates artificial environments. The 1999 citation though, from a Norman Spinrad story, seems unassailable. Sigh.
hyperdrive: The second citation, from the 1955 script for Forbidden Planet, contains an excellent bit of technobabble that I wanted to share: "Almost at once there followed the discover of quanto-gravitetic hyper-drive, through which the speed of light was first attained, and later surpassed." Quanto-gravitetic hyper-drive—that's awesome. Is gravitetic supposed to remind me of dietetic? (Because it totally does!)
mad scientist: To me, this seems like another word about SF rather than a word from SF, and so I sort of expected it to be recent. Nope; the first citation is from 1908.
orbital: BNW defines this as 'a space station in orbit around a planet or star', which is reasonable enough. However, the citations include one from Iain M. Banks' Look to Windward, which is set in his Culture universe. In that setting, an orbital isn't really a space station except in a very broad sense; rather, it's a scaled-down ringworld that orbits a star instead of encircling it. I'm not sure if this is worthy of a separate entry, though, since I'm not sure any other fictional universes include Banks-style orbitals.
overdrive: This is another term for a faster-than-light drive. Its first citation is from 1945, but I wondered how that compares to the real-world automotive term overdrive, which refers to a feature of automatic transmissions. Turns out the OED is way ahead of me: the first citation for the automotive term is from 1929 (with the science fictional sense also appearing in the online version of the OED I use.)
prime directive: Another Star Trek word, right? Wrong! First citation: Jack Williamson's "With Folded Hands" (1947), in which it refers to the primary purpose of the humanoids, sleek black robots who protect humans from harm...no matter the cost! (Sorry, I drifted into paperback-cover blurbspeak for a moment there.)
proto-cyberpunk: Hmm, this word doesn't quite strike me as worth including as a separate entry. It's just the attachment of the extremely productive proto- suffix with the already-included word cyberpunk.
sci-fi: It's interesting that the first citation for sci-fi, which has come to be perceived by science fiction fans as a derogatory word for crappy media SF, is from a 1949 letter by Robert Heinlein. He uses it to refer to one of his short stories, and I don't detect any hint of sneering. I wonder if this is really the first use of the term, though; Heinlein doesn't bother to define it, so it might already have been current in 1949.
space drive: BNW defines this as 'a propulsion system for a spaceship', but there's another, more specific definition of the term, in which it refers to some kind of super-scientific reactionless or FTL drive, as compared to the rocket propulsion systems we have now. Check out this page at NASA's web site for an example of this usage.
space person: Just a quibble: of the eight citations for two senses of this word, only one (from 1996) actual includes spaceperson. The rest instead mention space people, surely a different term—people is not the plural of person! In fact, the 1964 citation (from a Jack Vance story) includes the sentence, "Anyone decide they're not really space people after all?" If space person were the primary term, I would have expected Vance to use it there, where surely the singular person would have been more natural-sounding than the pseudo-plural people, though the issue is clouded by his use of they as the gender-neutral singular.
space-sick and space-sickness: The first citations for both of these are from Hugo Gernsback's 1911 Ralph 124C 41+, where it seems to mean something like 'homesickness, except out in space'. This rather backwards coinage (shouldn't it be Earthsick?) seems to me like a different sense from the more common 'nausea caused by weightlessness'.
subjunctivity: This is a useful word, coined by Samuel Delany, that I'd never encountered before. BNW defines it as 'the relationship between something portrayed in a text and reality'. It allows us to talk about the different levels of reality represented by the real world and a piece of science fiction. This is convenient, but the unfortunate collision with the grammatical term it was presumably based on makes it hard to use without being misunderstood. Maybe it could be replaced with some variation on Tolkien's term subcreation, though that comes with its own literary-theoretical baggage (and subcreationality is pretty clumsy).
terraformed: Both this and terraform were apparently coined in 1942 by the same author, Jack Williamson, in stories in his Seetee series. Given that, I'm not sure why the past participle is worthy of a separate entry, since the meaning of the participle is entirely predictable from the base form (and the base form appeared in the earlier of the two stories).
time travel: I was sure, when I saw the first citation was from a 1914 philosophy journal article, that it must be a mistake. After all, H. G. Wells had a character in The Time Machine called "The Time Traveller"—surely he also used the noun time travel somewhere in the story. Nope. When I grep through the Project Gutenberg version of the text, I find only the 56 occurrences of time traveller and 6 occurrences of time travelling. Evidently, since he used only the agentive and progressive forms, for Wells, time travel was...wait for it...a verb!
torch: Ah, I can antedate this one, too. The first citation in BNW is from Heinlein's 1953 story "Sky Lift", but Heinlein used it earlier in 1950's Farmer in the Sky. Here's a quotation from page 57 of the Scribner's edition:
The Mayflower was shaped like a ball with a cone on one side—top shaped. The point of the cone was her jet—although Chief Engineer Ortega, who showed us around, called it her "torch."
Amazon's Search Inside feature doesn't turn up any occurrences of torch ship in FitS, though. It's also worth mentioning that BNW's definition of torch, which mentions a "fusion reaction", is a little too narrow. Although Heinlein does compare the torch to "a tiny sun" in "Sky Lift", I believe he generally used the term to refer to a total conversion drive; that is, one that takes raw mass and somehow ee-equals-em-cee-squares it, thereby extracting the maximum possible energy from its fuel.
One of the things that struck me when reading BNW were the many, many words whose first citation comes from a Robert Heinlein story. That man was an absolute word-coining machine! Just vgrepping through BNW shows he's the first citation for all of the following: anywhen and somewhen, astrogate (though not astrogation or astrogator), cold sleep (n.) and cold-sleep (v.), dirtside, Earth-type, eetee (for E.T.), grok, groundhog, Luna City, moon base, mutation and mutie as synonyms for 'mutant', nova bomb (in "Gulf"), null-grav, parking orbit, pseudo-gravity, rim world, one sense of science fictional, the non-derogatory sense of sci-fi mentioned above, slideway, space (in the transitive sense of 'to kill by expelling into space'), space cadet, stasis field, torch and torchship, tri-dim, vibroblade, waldo, xenobiologist, xenobiology, and xenology.
Heinlein's main competition for the word-coining title appears to be E. E. "Doc" Smith, who's the first citation for: blast off, boat and craft in the sense of spaceship, deep space (the first two citations), Earthlike, Earthperson, extra-dimensional, flitter, groundcar, lifeboat, light as a count noun meaning 'a multiple of the speed of light' (a favorite of mine), needle ray, planetographer, pressure suit, tractor [beam] and pressor [beam], shield (meaning 'force field'), Sol Three, spaceboat, space car, space cruiser, spacehound, spaceworthy and spaceworthiness, spy ray, sub-ether, super-weapon, Tellus, tight-beam, ultrawave, vacuum suit, and visiplate.
By my count, that makes the winner...er, sort of a toss-up. If we count pressor and pressor beam as separate entries and likewise with tractor and tractor beam, the winner is Doc Smith, 34 to 33. If we don't, then Heinlein comes out on top, 33 to 32. I hereby declare it a tie. Interestingly, many of Heinlein's words strike very distinctively his: grok, groundhog, space, torch, etc. In contrast, Smith seems to have coined a lot of terms that passed into general SF use. I suspect that's because Smith started writing more than a decade before Heinlein, and so he simply had to invent more terminology for then-new science fictional concepts.
This stuff is right up my alley, obviously, and I hope BNW is an ongoing project. I'm sure there's a lot of SF terminology that hasn't been covered, and equally sure that earlier citations can be found for many words. Fortunately, the project is built on a method that combines the clever part of Wikipedia—BNW is brought to you in part by the contributions of readers like you—while still applying editorial brainpower to the contributions to make sure things don't get stupid. The results are excellent. I can't wait for the second edition.
1 But this doesn't always happen, which reminds me of a pet peeve. Not too uncommonly, I'll ride one of these in an airport, and it seems like they always call it something like a moving walkway. Bah! There's already a perfectly good (and perfectly clever) term for those, and it's slidewalk. Please make a note of it.
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» Review from The Tensor from jeffprucher.com
I completely forgot to post this (Im clearly falling down on the job of shameless self-promotion). The Tensor wrote up a great review (complete with a couple antedatings what more could a body want?) on his blog. Theres been a l... [Read More]
Tracked on Aug 9, 2007 12:50:17 PM
I'm always humbled and surprised when someone I don't know mentions me. Especially when that person is so totally smarter than me. Mazel tov.
Posted by: Jim Treacher at Jul 28, 2007 2:07:08 AM
Fot those Hugo Gernsback fans, I have just published a new "autobiography" about this oustanding personality. We found it in our old files when we closed down Gernsback Publications in 2003. It can be found on Amazon at http://www.amazon.com/Hugo-Gernsback-Well-Ahead-Time/dp/1419658573/ref=sr_1_4/002-4886670-9411251?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1178130215&sr=1-4
If you are interested in Hugo, you'll probably love this book.
Posted by: Larry Steckler at Jul 28, 2007 10:54:32 AM
As the OED will happily tell you, people is indeed the plural of person:
"In ordinary usage, the unmarked plural is expressed by the word people; persons emphasizes the plurality and individuality of the referent."
Posted by: AJD at Jul 28, 2007 7:54:08 PM
As the OED will happily tell you, people is indeed the plural of person
Yeah, I started to regret the categorical statement right after I wrote it. How about "people is not simply and straightforwardly the plural of person" instead? Especially in the context of a dictionary, when you have a bunch of citations for space people, putting them all under space person seems to me to be oversimplifying.
Posted by: The Tensor at Jul 28, 2007 11:48:25 PM
Excellent discussion, really excellent. I agree with a lot of your commentary--I'd be perfectly happy to see "holodeck" confined to the show that first introduced it and then beat it into a cliche of a bad idea. I'll very much need to pick this up.
But I'll defend "proto-cyberpunk" as a separate entry. Compare the Google hits for "cyberpunk" vs. "space opera": the former gets perhaps three or four times as many as the latter. But put "proto-" in front of each, and the ratio jumps to 1400 to 8. Similarly, "steampunk" has half as many hits as "cyberpunk", but the "proto-" version has one-twenty-fifth the hits. "Proto-hard sf" has, unsurprisingly, a single English hit (about Lovecraft); "military sf" has nearly a hundred thousand hits, but "proto-military sf" has none. Heck, "proto-cyberpunk" has almost as many hits as "proto-science fiction".
The point being, I think, that while sf fans are often mildly curious about tracing the origins of the genre and its subgenres, cyberpunk generates much more interest in this regard. Perhaps that's because any sf fan can instantly tell you what the first cyberpunk work was. Well, all right, they may not all agree; I'd bet you'd get a whole lot of "William Gibson's Neuromancer", a fair amount of "Rudy Rucker's whatever"...but generally it'd all be from, say, within a year of 1983. With so definitive a start, it's easy--and perhaps interesting--to ferret out its precursors. (Compare that to "military sf", perhaps the other thing it's easy to point to and say "subgenre": where did it start? Certainly not with Baen Books...) And that's why, in sf discussions, "proto-cyberpunk" merits its own entry.
Posted by: Lance at Jul 29, 2007 12:57:30 AM
I'm amazed that nobody pre-Heinlein was talking about xenobiology/xenology/etc. Perhaps it's true, though. I certainly don't have a supply of pre-1943 SF magazines around to search through to disprove it.
I love that he first published 'to space', though. It's such a USEFUL word, for anyone writing fiction taking place in a tin can in vacuum!
However, he certainly TRIED to coin more words than ever took at all; some of his stories are full of self-conscious coinings. It did give his futures a distinctive feel, though, since at least not every Tom, Dick, and X'thalt was speaking exact colloquial contemporary English with the reader.
Posted by: Almeda at Aug 1, 2007 6:55:43 AM
"Big Dumb Object" was used by Roz Kaveney some time before 1993. The Wikipedia article on the term matches my vague recollections, for whatever that's worth.
Posted by: Dan Blum at Aug 1, 2007 12:44:03 PM
Thanks for the nice write-up; I'm greatly enjoying the discussion here (not to mention antedatings!). I can't resist pointing out that "fresher" is in BNW, right between "frelling" and "fringefan". I have no citations for the un-contracted form, so "refresher" is necessarily absent; has anyone ever used it? The contraction is classic Heinlein world-building, skipping right over the intermediate form and giving us a shortened version that's transparent enough for the reader to guess what the intermediary should be.
Posted by: Jeff Prucher at Aug 1, 2007 5:00:36 PM
"I'm not sure any other fictional universes include Banks-style orbitals."
The obvious one here is that portrayed in the video game "Halo" and its sequels and spinoff "novels". The Halo itself is nigh-on indistinguishable from a Culture Orbital, aside from the apparent lack of a Hub Mind.
Posted by: Simon Blake at Aug 2, 2007 3:31:16 AM
That's useful to know, thanks. The main thing, lexicographically-speaking, is whether or not they're actually called orbitals (or Orbitals) in Halo. If so, it might merit changing the definition or adding a new sense; if not, Banks' use of the word remains an outlier. I'm curious, why the quotes around novels? Are they that bad?
Posted by: Jeff Prucher at Aug 2, 2007 2:17:00 PM
Ah. Well, no, in Halo they're not called Orbitals. In-game dialogue refers to "the installation", "ring", and (somewhat obviously) "Halo". I'm not aware at any stage in either game so far released of them ever being called orbitals - but given that Bungie have acknowledged their "inspiration", that is likely to be in a conscious effort to avoid being *too* obviously derivative of Banks.
That said, the object Banks appears to have invented is distinct, interesting, and therefore to my mind requires a distinct name. It's not a Dyson sphere, it's not a ringworld, and it's not merely a space station. What is it? It's an Orbital. Whether you call it that or not, that's what it is, and since AFAIK Banks invented it, it's natural that his term should be the generic one for this type of object when it gets used in other contexts.
An analogy: I'm not sure if the Bob Shaw novel "Orbitsville" uses the term "Dyson sphere" for its BDO, but even if it didn't, it's still demonstrably a Dyson sphere, whatever Shaw chooses to call it.
An admission: I've not read the Halo novels. I guess I'm prejudiced against books based on video games, even really good video games.
Posted by: Simon Blake at Aug 8, 2007 9:14:36 AM
True. I was definitely stretching the sense of "space station" in my definition, although I tossed in "...around a planet or star" to encompass the Banks versions. I confess that I share your aversion to video-game tie-in novels, although I would read them to gather citations if I needed to.
Posted by: Jeff Prucher at Aug 9, 2007 12:47:00 PM
Searching Amazon, it seems that Eric Nylund's "Halo: First Strike" doesn't use the word "orbital" as a noun, only as a predictable adjective ("orbital defense guns"; "an orbital burn"; etc.). My guess is that the style guide for the video-game tie-in novels also avoids "orbital" as a noun.
Posted by: Lance at Aug 11, 2007 2:27:57 AM
Swell site you've got here. Anent the stfnal word-coining championship, I'll bet that when all the returns are in Campbell is at least on a par with Heinlein and Smith, even *without* giving him partial credit for all the words that appeared in Astoundalog under his editorship. Here are some Campbellian antedatings you might want to pencil into your copy of BNW:
landing cradle, ray pistol (The Black Star Passes, 1930); normal space (Islands of Space, 1931); gravity drive, jump (n.), motherworld, space freighter, space pirate, viewscreen, vision screen (Invaders from the Infinite, 1932); force screen (Beyond the End of Space, 1933); space yacht (Twilight, 1934); gravitic (adj.) (Rebellion, 1935); chronoscope (Elimination, 1936); needle beam (The Brain Stealers of Mars, 1936).
And some words which did not get into BNW, which Campbell used early on:
stellar system (The Black Star Passes, 1930); home universe, light-hour, planetward, power suit (Islands of Space, 1931); extra-terrestrian (n.), Sirian (n.&adj.), space pilot (Invaders from the Infinite, 1932); planetwide (The Machine, 1935); carbon-based (The Third Great Adventure (editorial), 1946); astro-engineer, astro-engineering (Astrologer--Astronomer--Astro-Engineer (editorial), 1962).
Posted by: Fred Galvin at Aug 24, 2007 11:29:14 PM
Heinlein and Smith coined a lot of sci-fi words, no doubt about it. However, their current stats may be a tiny bit exaggerated by selection bias, just because their works are so popular and accessible. If Heinlein used "moon base" in his 1948 novel "Space Cadet", that won't go unnoticed for long. On the other hand, if Bryce Walton used it in a never-reprinted short story "Assignment in the Dawn" in a 1947 Planet Stories (Fall Issue, p. 73), it could be a long time if ever before it gets reported to the OED.
Posted by: Fred Galvin at Aug 25, 2007 1:40:49 PM
Sorry for being such a bore; I promise, this is my last comment on the question, who coined the most sci-fi words. By my count, Campbell has the first cite for 22 words in BNW:
atomics, credit, Earth-normal, floater, force field, free fall, future history, go nova, go supernova, gravity-free, megayear, nontelepath, ray (v.), ray projector, Solarian (n.&adj.), space drive, spaceline, spaceliner, spacelock, space-traveling (n.), Terrestrian (n.&adj.), time viewer.
Earlier I listed 15 words with earliest cites in BNW by other people but antedated in Campbell:
chronoscope, force screen, gravitic (adj.), gravity drive, jump (n.), landing cradle, motherworld, needle beam, normal space, ray pistol, space freighter, space pirate, space yacht, viewscreen, vision screen.
OK, that's 37 for Campbell, as against 34 for Edward E. Smith and 33 for Heinlein. (Heinlein loses "moon base" but gains "viewphone" which I found in a 1959 reprint of "Waldo".) I'd say that's within the margin of error, so I call it a 3-way tie.
Posted by: Fred Galvin at Aug 25, 2007 11:50:28 PM
Brave New Words emerged from the Science Fiction Citations project which began documenting citations in 2001. Generally speaking, the book contains more precise definitions than its website counterpart. It also appears that the book also contains a greater number of definitions (over 1,000 according to the book jacket) even though, as can be expected for logistical reasons, the website usually lists more citations. Still, there is a large amount of overlap. Note also that there are differences between the two sources. For example, the entry for the verb form of "precog" cites different origins: the website lists the earliest citation as 1958 from Astounding, while the book lists the earliest citation as 1948 from H. Beam Piper's "Police Operation" (coincidentally, also published in Astounding).
Posted by: Field Force Guru at Jul 28, 2008 6:53:32 AM
This book is worth it. It offers "extras" in the form of an introduction by Gene Wolfe ("Speak Science Fiction Like and Earthling"), page-long examinations of some dozen topics, indices that include a list of science fiction pseudonyms used in the dictionary and bibliographies of quoted books and reference works. Prucher also encourages readers to submit citations at the website.
Posted by: Field Force Automation at Jul 28, 2008 7:04:47 AM


text: Mexico City, Mexico Mexico City is making efforts to become more sustainable through its Metrobús bus rapid transit (BRT) system and urban reform efforts. Pictured: the city's famed Palacio de Bellas Artes. Photo by Jess Kraft/Shutterstock. View Larger Map Our Work Practice Areas Impact Annual Report Publications Project Directory Our Cities Our Approach Related Practice Area: Building Efficiency Geography: Mexico Projects: 100 ideas for urban reform in MexicoBuilding Efficiency AcceleratorBus Rapid Transit Center of ExcellenceFuel efficiency standard for MexicoGuaranteeing the "right to mobility" in Mexico CitySafety first for Mexican cities Tags: air qualityBuilding Efficiency Acceleratorbuilding performancebus rapid transit (BRT)climate actioncongestiongreenhouse gas (GHG) emissionshousingsustainable urban mobilityurban reform Media Cooperation Between Research Institutes and Local Governmentspresentation EMBARQ and FedEx: Safety and Sustainability in Mexico Cityvideo Social, Environmental, and Economic Impacts of Bus Rapid Transitpresentation Saving Lives with Sustainable Transportpresentation All Media Publications FedEx-EMBARQ Mobility and Accessibility Annual Report 2014 Traffic Safety on Bus Priority SystemsReport Transit-oriented Development (TOD) Guide for Urban CommunitiesReport All Publications News Mexico City Workshop Helps Cities Advance Municipal Building Energy Efficiency Retrofit Projects January 26, 2018 Bringing Together Local and Global Perspectives for 12th International Congress on Cities and Transport October 14, 2016 Workshop in Mexico City Explores Opportunities and Barriers for Net Zero Energy Buildings in MexicoMarch 22, 2016 Celebrating the XI International Congress on Cities and Transport in Mexico CityOctober 21, 2015 All News


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...you'll probably need to allow the users to type a wider array of command input. Otherwise, it boils down to "guess the verb" or other frustrations that will detract from the experience.
...I would imagine a world where creatures like "Love", "Hate" and "Jetlag" roam the Realm of the Mind
I think you mean 'surreal' instead of 'abstract'?
No, Adrift is not the right choice for platform. It's main strength is its GUI for easily creating IF. Does it even have networking capabilities?
I have an idea for a platform that might work really well for this though


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|Separate WCs
|1,100 sq ft
|Property type
|Minimum Stay
|28 nights
This beautiful beach home in the gated community of the Villages of Seaport is a two minute walk from the gated beach access door. Home amenities include washer/dryer, stove , oven, microwave and refrigerator. The kitchen is fully stocked with all pots, pans, dished and utensils. There are pool and beach toys and chairs. All linens including beach towels are provided. The master bedroom has a queen bed, walk-in closet, an ensuite full bath. The second bedroom has a queen and twin bed, walk-in closet and ensuite full bath. This will easily accommodate a family of 5. The living area has a leather reclining couch, leather reclining chair and sleeper sofa. Dining area has table that seats six. Breakfast bar has three stools. First floor has a half bath. Patio has a table and chair set and a gas grill.
The complex has three pools, a clubhouse, tennis courts, racquet ball courts and fitness room. Here is direct access to the beach through a locked gate. This is a safe quiet community great for families and snow birds. It is 5 minutes from the cruise ports, 5 minutes from Cocoa Beach, 40 minutes from the Orlando International Airport and 1 hour from Walt Disney World, Universal Studios, and Seaworld. Kennedy Space Center is a 15 minute drive. Everything you need for a fantastic vacation.
I am a mother of three wonderful daughters and the Grandmother a beautiful little boy! My husband and I grew up in New England and purchased this property for a family Vacation spot and eventual retirement location. We love Walt Disney World so this is the perfect location. We can enjoy the beach and easily zip over to Orlando for our Disney fix!!
Alicia DeSantis purchased this condo in 2001
We bought this condo pre-construction for our personal use and to rent out when we are not using it. It is our second home not an investment property and you will know it the minute you walk through the door. It is spotless and well maintained with all the amenities of home including cable TV, free wifi, and a computer printer.
Many attractions including casino cruises, Disney Cruise, other cruises, zoo, beaches, Ron John's, Cocoa Beach pier, and much more! Swimming, fishing, surfing, beach combing, tennis, golf and racquetball are just some of the many activities you can enjoy here.
|Rental Period
|Minimum Price
|Additional Nights
|Weekend Night
|Monthly *
|Event Price
My Standard Rate
28 night minimum stay
for 28 nights
|Refundable Damage Deposit
|Pet Fee
|Property Damage Protection
* Approximate monthly price. Actual pricing will depend on the days of the month you stay.


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Home > Modelling Supplies > ModRoc Plaster Bandage
Quick Link Code: 3332Brand: ModRoc
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*Image(s) For Illustration Purpose Only
Item is for bulk purchase slab of 15m x 80m Modroc plaster of paris bandage.
Modroc is the generic name for Plaster of Paris modelling bandage.
Item is new in sealed bag.
These are 1st quality standard medical quality rolls not off-cuts.
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Fiction and reality sometimes come together in a riveting way. Sometimes the imagined work of a novelist, almost in a prescient way, tells the story of life and death. And this is certainly the case with the Dancing Priest novels as the author, Glynn Young, draws us into the future of the British Royal Family in ways that are almost uncanny.
As the book promo reads, "In Dancing Priest, Michael Kent faced tragedy and triumph, love and loss, was called as an Anglican priest, became an international Olympic hero, discovered his connections to the British Royal Family, and reunited with the girl of his dreams. In A Light Shining, the sequel to Dancing Priest, Michael faces his greatest and most violent challenge yet. But will it be his last?"
Dancing Priest introduces us to Michael Kent, a theology student studying at Edinburgh University and dreaming of becoming an Olympic cyclist. Unknown to Michael at the time we meet him, he is actually fourth in line to the British throne. And Dancing Priest takes us on his journey with him. We are almost part of the story as he loves and loses, and then loves again. We see him head to the Olympics as part of the British cycling team where he meets tragedy and triumph. We are with him as he discovers his connections to the British Royal Family, and then heads to America as an Anglican minister and deals with personal obstacles, death and the beginning of a future he cannot even begin to imagine.
A Light Shining continues where Dancing Priest left us, but from the beginning takes a more serious tone. A terrorist plot is in play. One which unveils itself as we journey with the newly married Michael Kent and a forthcoming baby. And when the plot moves from plot to action, mayhem, tragedy and violence on a national scale are unleashed. And we are not sure who will live and who will carry the British throne forward, if Britain survives. In many ways, the depth of character and story lines mirror today's real world events.
Both these books are the type of novel that grabs you and refuses to let you go. They are the kind of story that has you thinking, "just one more chapter and then I'll go to bed."
The books are available in e-book and print in the UK and the US in a variety of places, including Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk.


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At all levels, the school provides a safe but challenging environment where children can investigate, experiment, discover their strengths and make friends.
There are two key aims. The first is that, above all, the children should be happy and self-assured. The second is that they should love coming to school and thoroughly enjoy learning.
The Pre-Preparatory school and Nursery, situated in a Wonderful garden near Hyde Park, takes children from one to five years. It also offers extended days, holiday clubs and 48 Week care.
It is the perfect location for children to reap all the benefits of indoor and outdoor play: feeling safe, taking risks, gaining self-confidence, learning self-expression and making friends.
The aim is always for children to be happy and self-assured so they naturally develop a love of learning.
Both schools expect and foster high standards of work and behaviour, with kindness and consideration for others being of paramount importance. The schools are Well resourced with modern equipment and the children are safe, secure and exceptionally well cared for. They are small, cosy, friendly establishments where no individual becomes lost in the crowd.
Visit the website now at www.hydeparkschool.co.uk
We are fortunate to have London's museums and galleries on our doorstep. Using these outside of the classroom enriches the learning in the classroom."


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Understanding the effects of PEMFC contamination from balance of plant assembly aids materials: In situ studies
In this study, in situ performance data were measured to assess the degree of contamination from leachates of five families of balance of plant (BOP) materials (i.e., 2-part adhesive, grease, thread lock/seal, silicone adhesive/seal and urethane adhesive/seal) broadly classified as assembly aids that may be used as adhesives and lubricants in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems. Leachate solutions, derived from soaking the materials in deionized (DI) water at elevated temperature, were infused into the fuel cell to determine the effect of the leachates on fuel cell performance. During the contamination phase of the experiments, leachate solution was introduced through a nebulizer into the cathode feed stream of a 50 cm 2 PEMFC operating at 0.2 A/cm 2 at 80°C and 32%RH. Voltage loss and high frequency resistance (HFR) were measured as a function of time and electrochemical surface area (ECA) before and after contamination were compared. Two procedures of recovery, one self-induced recovery with DI water and one driven recovery through cyclic voltammetry (CV) were investigated. Finally, performance results measured before and after contamination and after CV recovery are compared and discussed.
- Authors:
- Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Univ. of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States). Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Report Number(s):
Journal ID: ISSN 0013-4651
- Grant/Contract Number:
- Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of the Electrochemical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 162; Journal Issue: 9; Related Information: Journal of the Electrochemical Society; Journal ID: ISSN 0013-4651
- Publisher:
- The Electrochemical Society
- Research Org:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)
- Sponsoring Org:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Fuel Cell Technologies Office (EE-3F)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 14 SOLAR ENERGY; 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; PEMFC; fuel cells; system contaminants; balance of plant materials (BOP); assembly aids materials; ion-exchange; adhesive; grease; leachates; liquid infusion; seal
- 1220734


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Discover a elegant design White painted large oval frame wall mirror expertly crafted for the Home. This framed mirror can be placed on a wall in any room such as above a mantle piece in the Living Room or overhead a dressing table in the Bedroom or raised over a Hallway cabinet or table. Find the renewed trend for a romantic vintage style giving a bit of magic that evokes memories of nostalgia and an embodiment of comfort and charm with the best appearance and ideas for the bedroom.
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Set(ters) for Success
Pace students are succeeding in politics, economics, performing arts, a platform for love, and much more.
Model UN on a Runway to Success
The Pace University Model UN team took home 14 awards at the National Model United Nations Conference in Washington, DC, on November 11–13. The team tied for second place with De La Salle–College of Saint Benilde out of 45 universities and institutions.
The Pace PLV group was recognized as an Outstanding Delegation for their representation of the Republic of Congo in simulations of the UN General Assembly Third Committee—dealing with social, cultural, and humanitarian issues—and the International Atomic Energy Agency. Pace PLV students representing Venezuela and Congo also won four awards for Outstanding Position Papers, and one Outstanding Delegate in Committee award for Venezuela in a simulation of the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR).
The Pace NYC group received an Honorable Mention for its representation of Sudan in simulations of the UN General Assembly First (Disarmament and International Security) and Third Committees (Social, Cultural, and Humanitarian), Food and Agriculture Organization, International Atomic Energy Agency, and UNHCR. Pace NYC students representing Sudan, Senegal, and Zimbabwe also won seven awards for Outstanding Position Papers.
PPA takes the stage with Kristen Chenoweth
Sixteen Pace School of Performing Arts musical theater students performed on stage alongside Tony Award-winning actress Kristin Chenoweth in, Kristin Chenoweth: My Love Letter to Broadway, a handpicked medley of the singer's favorite musical theater classics including "Bring Him Home" from Les Misérables and "Popular" from Wicked. Her 12-show run at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre features a different choir each night, and PPA students were chosen to perform at the Friday, November 4 and Saturday, November 5 shows.
A Whole Lot of Love
A group of Pace Performing Arts students who are starring in PPA's Jesus Christ Superstar launched an Instagram account, @campaignforlove, on which they will post pictures, stories, and motivational quotes to help everyone come together as a united nation. Each day, they will present methods for becoming an apostle of love, and they are looking forward to experiencing and sharing their journey with others.
Pace's College Fed Team Fights On
Pace's College Fed Team Pace's advanced to the regional semi-finals of the Federal Reserve's College Fed Challenge. Pace was among the top 10 teams from the region. The Pace team was the national winner of the College Fed Challenge in both 2014 and 2015.
For the Kids
Nearly 300 members of the Pace Community participated in the annual Pace 4 Kids Dance Marathon on Saturday, November 19. So far, more than $16,000 was raised to benefit the Maria Fareri Children's Hospital. There is still time to donate. Click here.
And Now For Some Poetry
Hazing Prevention
The topic for the haiku
And the winners are...
Okay, so maybe we aren't that great at haiku, but these three Pace students definitely are. The Pace Library co-sponsored a haiku contest with SDCA and Greek Life to coincide with National Hazing Prevention Week. First place was awarded to Emma Moloney, second place to Anna Palazzi, and third place to Lee Allen. Read their poems here.
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The NYPD is helping the Pace Community stay vigilant. We invite you to attend an emergency response training session on Wednesday, August 22, 2018.
NYPD Response Training (NYC)
We're kicking off the academic year right with Convocation 2018 in NYC and PLV. This year's speakers include Lubin Dean Neil Braun and award-winning author Imbolo Mbue.
Convocation 2018
Three Pace students were recently awarded the prestigious 2018 Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarship, which will allow them to pursue their dreams overseas.
Setters Circle the World


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Reporting from Washington — House Republicans have been adamant since last year that they don't like the new Consumer Financial Protection Bureau — and they also made it apparent they don't like Elizabeth Warren, the Obama administration advisor who is helping launch the agency.
After a bitter and contentious House oversight subcommittee hearing Tuesday, Warren showed that the feeling might be mutual.
The clash highlighted how Warren has become a lightning rod for opponents of the agency, created by last year's financial reform law. And it also could explain why President Obama hasn't nominated her to be the agency's powerful full-time director despite strong support from congressional Democrats, consumer advocates and liberal interest groups.
Warren, a Harvard Law professor, is so beloved by liberals that some Democrats are encouraging her to challenge Sen. Scott Brown (R-Mass.) in her home state next year.
"In one respect, I congratulate you for instilling such fear … because they understand how effective you are about getting the message out to the American people," Rep. John Yarmuth (D-Ky.) told Warren, apologizing to her for what he called "the rude and disrespectful" questioning by some Republicans.