text:
Authors: J.J. De Yoreo, C.A. Orme, R. Qiu and P.M. Dove
Affilation: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, United States
Pages: 382 - 384
Keywords: biomineralization, AFM, stereochemistry, crystal engineering
By utilizing small molecules and proteins to modulate crystal nucleation and growth, living organisms produce single nanocrystals and nanocrystal composites that exhibit control over the location, phase and crystallographic orientation of the nuclei, as well as the morphology and kinetics of the growing crystal. A common paradigm for interpreting this phenomenon is that the stereochemistry of the growth modifiers is matched to that of a particular crystallographic plane that would not otherwise be expressed during nucleation or growth in pure environments. This paradigm has been generally referred to as stereochemical recognition. Using in situ AFM, we have investigated nucleation and growth in a number of crystal-modifier systems. Molecular modeling was also used to calculate the binding energies for modifiers attached to crystal faces and steps. The systems examined include carbonates, phosphates, oxalates, and pthalates grown in the presence of inorganic ions, amino acids, organic dyes, and proteins. We show that, while the exact mechanism of growth modification is different in each system, the one feature that they have in common is that the important molecular-scale interaction that gives rise to growth modulation is between the molecular modifier and specific atomic steps on existing crystal planes.
Pages: 560
Nanotech Conference Proceedings are now published in the TechConnect Briefs


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Focus Volume 123 | 2015
New Link in the Food Chain? Marine Plastic Pollution and Seafood Safety
Background image: © Steve Trewhella/FLPA/Corbis
Nate Seltenrich covers science and the environment from Petaluma, CA. His work has appeared in High Country News, Sierra, Yale Environment 360, Earth Island Journal, and other regional and national publications.
Citation: Seltenrich N. 2015. New link in the food chain? Marine plastic pollution and seafood safety. Environ Health Perspect 123:A34–A41; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.123-A34
News Topics: Bisphenol A (BPA), Dioxins and Furans, Ecology and Wildlife, Endocrine Disruptors, Flame Retardants, Food Safety and Regulation, Marine and Coastal Science, Nanomaterials, Personal Care Products, Phthalates, Plastics, Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs), Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Published: 1 February 2015
An erratum has been published.
Related EHP Article
Erratum: "New Link in the Food Chain? Marine Plastic Pollution and Seafood Safety"
In recent years plastic pollution in the ocean has become a significant environmental concern for governments, scientists, nongovernmental organizations, and members of the public worldwide. A December 2014 study derived from six years of research by the 5 Gyres Institute estimated that 5.25 trillion plastic particles weighing some 269,000 tons are floating on the surface of the sea.1
At the same time, plastics in consumer products have become subject to increasing scrutiny regarding their potential effects on human health. Bisphenol A (BPA),2 a component of polycarbonate plastics and suspected endocrine disruptor, is one of the most widely known chemicals of interest. But BPA is only one of many monomers, plasticizers, flame retardants, antimicrobials, and other chemicals used in plastics manufacturing3 that are able to migrate into the environment.
At the junction of these two lines of inquiry is an emerging third field that is in many ways even more complex and less well understood: investigating human exposures to and potential health effects of plastics that have entered the marine food chain. Studies have demonstrated plastics' tendency to sorb (take up) persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances, which are present in trace quantities in almost all water bodies.4 The constituents of plastics, as well as the chemicals and metals they sorb, can travel into the bodies of marine organisms upon consumption,5,6,7,8,9 where they may concentrate and climb the food chain, ultimately into humans. This topic has attracted interest and funding from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), as well as researchers, nonprofit groups, and institutions around the world.
At this point "there are more questions than answers," says Richard Thompson, a professor of marine science and engineering at England's Plymouth University. Thompson coined the term "microplastics" in 200410 and later undertook a three-year study of these particles in the marine environment for the UK's Department of Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs.11,12,13 "From a human perspective," he says, "at the moment I think there's cause for concern rather than cause for alarm."
Viewpoints on the human health risks of marine debris are nearly as complex as the underlying science, as was evident at an inaugural EPA and NAS symposium on the topic held in Washington, DC, in April 2014. In addition to myriad small details, the researchers in attendance considered an overarching question: Within the context of limited oceanographic research funding, the variety of other problems affecting ocean health (including overfishing and acidification), and the extent of humans' daily and direct exposures to potentially harmful chemicals from consumer plastics and other sources—how concerned should we be about marine plastics as far as human health goes?
Researchers don't yet have an answer, even if they believe they're asking the right question. As EPA chemist Richard Engler concluded in a 2012 review, "While current research cannot quantify the amount, plastic in the ocean does appear to contribute to [persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances] in the human diet."14
Plastic Vectors
The path from plastic pollution to chemical exposure through seafood is a long one, figuratively and often literally, and tracing all the individual steps in that theoretical journey is not the same as identifying human health effects, researchers say. Actual exposures, which are determined by innumerable variables along the way, including seafood consumption, still need to be quantified. Then these levels must be evaluated within broader contexts of consumer plastic use and environmental pollutant levels.
Exposures to plastic debris have been clearly documented for marine organisms at all trophic levels (i.e., positions within the food chain), says Bradley Clarke, a lecturer at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia. "What remains to be determined is whether this exposure increases the body burden of … marine organisms in the natural environment and if it does, by what magnitude," Clarke says.
There is a lack of controlled experimental work completed on the topic, Clarke adds, and it's very difficult to disentangle pollutant exposures and bioaccumulation via plastic versus food and environmental sources. Uncertainties also surround the transfer of plastic additives to marine organisms and resultant human exposures through seafood.
We do know that plastic has become nearly ubiquitous on the planet. It has washed up on the most remote beaches, amassed in distant gyres, and been discovered in the bodies of dead organisms from fish to birds to whales.15,16
Numerous efforts have sought to quantify the amount of plastics floating on or present throughout the ocean environment, and they've arrived at vastly different numbers. The 5 Gyres paper1 was preceded in July 2014 by a similar study suggesting that between 7,000 and 35,000 tons of plastic are floating on the ocean's surface.17
Anna-Marie Cook, one of two EPA lead scientists investigating the potential health effects of marine plastics, believes that estimates calculated through the use of surface trawl nets, including both of the recent global studies, vastly underestimate the scope of the problem. "Slightly more than half of all plastic is negatively buoyant, meaning that it will sink upon reaching the ocean, either into the near-shore sediment environment or to the ocean floor," she explains. "Surface trawls do not account for the fraction of plastic in sediments, on the ocean floor, or suspended past the top few feet of the water column."
World plastics production has experienced almost constant growth for more than half a century, rising from approximately 1.9 tons in 195018 to approximately 330 million tons in 2013.19 The World Bank estimates that 1.4 billion tons of trash are generated globally each year, 10% of it plastic.20 The International Maritime Organization has banned the dumping of plastic waste (and most other garbage) at sea.21 However, an unknown portion of the plastic produced each year escapes into the environment—instead of being landfilled, incinerated, or recycled20—and at least some of it eventually makes its way to sea.
Plastics that reach the ocean will gradually break down into ever-smaller pieces due to sunlight exposure, oxidation, and the physical action of waves, currents, and grazing by fish and birds.22 So-called microplastics—variably defined in the scientific literature and popular press as smaller than 1 or 5 mm in diameter—are understood to be the most abundant type of plastic in the ocean. The 5 Gyres authors found microplastics almost everywhere they sampled, from near-shore environments to the open ocean, in varying concentrations, and they estimated that particles 4.75 mm or smaller—about the size of a lentil—made up roughly 90% of the total plastic pieces they collected.1
But the degradation of larger pieces of plastic is not the only way microplastics end up in the ocean. Nurdles—the plastic pellets used as a feedstock for producing plastic goods—can spill from ships or land-based sources,23 and "microbeads" used as scrubbing agents in personal care products such as skin cleansers, toothpastes, and shampoos, can escape water-treatment facilities and pass into watersheds with treated water.24 (In June 2014, Illinois became the first U.S. state to ban the manufacture and sale of products containing microbeads,25 which have been documented in the Great Lakes26 and Chicago's North Shore Channel.27)
Due to their hydrophobic nature, persistent organic chemicals—including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs),28 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),29 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs),30 dioxins,31 and DDT32—have been shown to preferentially sorb to plastics when they encounter them in the ocean.33,34 Potentially thousands of such chemicals exist in the environment,35 but researchers are limited to screening for compounds they can actually identify, Bradley says.
The extent and rate of sorption can vary widely depending on the chemical, plastic type, and other variables, but plastic particles recovered from the ocean have been found to contain pollutant concentrations orders of magnitude higher than the water from which they were collected.14,36,37
Marine organisms throughout the food chain commonly consume plastics of various sizes.38,39 The tiniest microplastics are small enough to be mistaken for food by zooplankton,40 allowing them to enter the food chain at very low trophic levels. Some larger predators are thought to confuse nurdles (which typically measure less than 5 mm in diameter) with fish eggs or other food sources.41
Once plastics have been consumed, laboratory tests show that chemical additives and adsorbed pollutants and metals on their surface can desorb (leach out) and transfer into the guts and tissues of marine organisms.14 Some researchers speculate that chemicals already present in the organism may also be able to travel in the opposite direction by sorbing to plastics in the gut, depending on the concentration gradients. Yet neither process has been proven to occur in the natural environment.
We already know that many chemicals of concern are present in the seafood we eat, particularly in higher-level predators such as tuna and swordfish.42 Research has shown that harmful and persistent substances can both bioaccumulate (or increase in concentration as exposures persist) and biomagnify (or increase in concentration at higher trophic levels) within organisms as they assume some of the chemical burden of their prey or environment. Yet again, no research has yet demonstrated the bioaccumulation of sorbed pollutants in the environment.
Three key questions remain to be determined. To what extent do plastics transfer pollutants and additives to organisms upon ingestion? What contribution are plastics making to the contaminant burden in organisms above and beyond their exposures through water, sediments, and food? And, finally, what proportion of humans' exposure to plastic ingredients and environmental pollutants occurs through seafood? Researchers are moving carefully in the direction of answers to these questions.
Human Health Questions
Among U.S. agencies, the EPA is delving into the science to answer key questions around marine plastics and human health. In addition to convening the April meeting and producing a forthcoming white paper on its findings, the agency collaborates with and directly funds researchers in the field. Staff from the EPA and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service are currently developing a risk assessment to quantify the chemical loading effects of plastic litter on marine life.43 And by 2016, the EPA plans to launch a similar long-term inquiry into effects on human health, including an evaluation of outcomes such as fetal formation, says Cook.
Any study of human health effects will likely depend on the cooperation of a subject community where many types of seafood are heavily consumed. "We have to have a potential threat and a potential receptor present in a location and a community who is willing to work with us on it," Cook says. "There are a lot of repercussions to a community to find out that their food supply is potentially contaminated." The agency also expects to award a new four-year marine debris research contract designed to gain a better understanding of the movement, distribution, and quantity of plastics off the remote northwestern Hawaiian islands.
Researcher Chelsea Rochman of the University of California, Davis, collaborated with Cook and the EPA on a 2014 study that showed an association between concentrations of certain PBDEs in fish and levels of plastic debris accumulation in the South Atlantic Ocean.44 However, no such association was seen for concentrations of BPA, alkylphenols, alkylphenol ethoxylates, or PCBs in fish.44
Rochman is also working on a separate study funded through NOAA's Marine Debris program. The aim of the NOAA study is to demonstrate for the first time the biomagnification in marine organisms of chemicals introduced via plastics. This highly controlled laboratory experiment involves feeding contaminated plastic pellets to mussels, feeding the mussels to sturgeon, and then testing levels of PCBs within the bodies of the sturgeon. Results are still awaiting analysis and publication.
One of Rochman's collaborators on the project, researcher Mark Browne of the University of California, Santa Barbara, recently received a grant from the Australian Research Council for a three-year program addressing another question in the field: Beyond leaching chemicals, what do plastic particles do when they enter an organism? Browne showed in 2008 that microplastics sized 3.0 and 9.6 µm in diameter can travel beyond a mussel's gut and into its circulatory system and hemocytes (immune cells), where they may remain for a relatively long period of time—in his study, more than 48 days.45 A 2012 study by another group showed that microplastics taken up by mussels resulted in a strong inflammatory response.46
The implications of these findings for humans that consume organisms containing microplastics are not yet understood. Browne says his team is currently working to develop a method to test human tissues for microplastics. "We think that's going to be a big turning point," he says.
Ecotoxicologist Heather Leslie of VU University Amsterdam is among those concerned about the particle toxicity of microplastics themselves. Even without chemical hitchhikers, she says, plastic particles can induce immunotoxicological responses, alter gene expression, and cause cell death, among other adverse effects. "Exposed organisms then deal not only with chemical stress through multiple exposure routes, but also particle stress," she explains. Leslie is currently studying the distribution and environmental fate of microplastics from cosmetics and other sources and potential toxicological effects on marine organisms in Europe's multinational CleanSea Project.
A large body of literature about the mobility of nanoparticles offers a glimpse at how nano-size plastic particles may behave in the human body, Leslie says. "They can pass through the placenta and the blood–brain barrier and can be taken up in the gastrointestinal tract and lungs, potential sites where harm can occur," she says. "There is a lot to learn about microplastics from the fields of particle toxicity and drug delivery technologies that apply to polymeric nanoparticles."
In another example of ongoing research, Robert Hale, a professor at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, has funding from both the EPA and NOAA to investigate how particle size, weathering, biofouling (the accumulation of living organisms on wet surfaces), and water characteristics including temperature, salinity, and organic carbon content influence both the sorption of organic contaminants to and the release of various additives from different types of microplastics.47 "You look at these simple parameters together, and it can get very complex," Hale says. The EPA is particularly interested in evaluating the release of flame retardant additives from plastics, he notes, and may pursue development of a protocol to be used by manufacturers to provide data on chemical migration.
A Matter of Perspective?
Government, academic, and independent sources interviewed for this article almost unanimously expressed a mix of skepticism and concern toward the thought of ocean plastics posing a human health risk. Without exception, they also advocated for further research. A common viewpoint is that although definitive evidence does not yet exist for real-world human health impacts tied to marine plastic debris, this doesn't prove the hypothesis null, nor does it mean there aren't other valid reasons to address the long-lived plastic litter that washes into the world's oceans every year.
Many researchers pointed to the need to maintain perspective on the issue. Human exposure to microplastics and plastic additives is more likely to stem from intact goods prior to disposal than from seafood, Thompson says. Clothing fibers make up a large proportion of the microplastic found worldwide, says Browne,48 and even drinking water and foods such as honey can be contaminated with microplastics, according to Leslie.
Kara Lavender Law, a research professor of oceanography with the Sea Education Association in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, who collaborated with Richard Thompson on a recent summary of current knowledge about microplastics,49 says that while overfishing and direct exposure to consumer plastics concern her more than the marine-plastic pathway, the latter still warrants investigation. "I think it's something worth working on," she says. "Just because we don't see it doesn't mean it's not there."
In the case of plastic constituents thought to affect the human endocrine system, any level of exposure, no matter the route, may be potentially harmful, says Carol Kwiatkowski, executive director of The Endocrine Disruption Exchange. Endocrine disruptors have shown evidence of a nonlinear or nonmonotonic dose response,50 meaning tiny doses may have larger effects than mid-level doses.
"Anything that interferes with hormone action potentially has an effect at a very low dose, because the endocrine system is designed to function at very small doses," Kwiatkowski says. "So it's possible this pathway could bring some exposure. You'd have to find some evidence that the chemicals were being carried through marine organisms and making it into people."
From there, she says, researchers would still need to learn how any such exposures relate to or interact with other exposures to endocrine disruptors, including rapidly metabolized chemicals such as BPA and phthalates, and longer-lived additives such as flame retardants. In other words, to what extent do all these exposures add up, and how does that cumulative exposure translate to health outcomes? "It's difficult to study additive effects," Kwiatkowski says. "But it's very important research to conduct."
Nonetheless, the end goal, sources say, is not to abandon the use of plastic. "The benefits of plastics can be realized without the need for emission [to the ocean], " Thompson says. "And for me that's the tipping point for taking policy action." New laws, for example, could require handling plastics more responsibly at the end of their useful life through recycling, proper disposal, and extended producer responsibility.
Rolf Halden, director of the Center for Environmental Security at the Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, advocates for another solution: manufacturing more sustainable plastics from the start.51 "We need to design the next generation of plastics to make them more biodegradable so that they don't have a long half-life, they don't accumulate in the oceans, and they don't have the opportunity to collect chemicals long-term," he says. "There's just no way we can shield people from all exposures that could occur. Let's design safer chemicals and make the whole problem moot."
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Clarivate Analytics released the 2018 Journal Citation Reports, which tracks citations for articles published in 2015 and 2016. EHP's new Journal Impact Factor is 8.31, with a 5-Year Journal Impact Factor of 9.81. (more…)
We are pleased to present new and improved author guidelines! (more…)


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What Are Your All-Time Favorite xoVain Articles?
It's gonna get sappy up in here.
I suck at sleeping. I wish I knew how to sleep like a regular human who doesn't stay up at night staring at the ceiling, paranoid that I'll forget to wake up on time, or forget to do that thing I have to do, or wondering why I said that in that weird tone of voice. What if I died in the middle of the night? Who would find me? How long would it take? Would someone at least put pants on me before the paramedics arrived? When I get up from my sweaty, tooth-grinding paranoia spiral, I look like a Walking Dead extra with vicious Beetlejuice eye bags.
I don't wear makeup that much, because I'm extremely lazy, but sometimes it's all I have to to trick people into thinking I'm alive when my brain has shut down completely. I've accepted the fact that I'll probably never learn to sleep like a normal person, but here is what I do to try and make myself look less like a corpse and more like a living human being in the morning.
First things first, insomniacs: Assess the situation. How dead, exactly, do you look? When I wake up in the morning, my eye corners are crusty and there's a streak of dried up drool on my cheek. Clean that off.
I use the Clarisonic but any grainy scrub or scrubbing-thing your sleep-deprived little heart desires will do.
After some aggressive exfoliation, I squeeze out a tiny drop of MAC Strobe Cream, emphasis on tiny drop, because that stuff is pricey and I only buy it about once a year, but a little bit goes a long way. You don't have to spring for the Jackie Onassis of luminizers if you find something else that works equally well.
I've mentioned before that I sometimes get gross blotchy red patches on my face that get aggravated when I don't sleep, and have a perma-glasses-imprint on the sides of my nose. I use Dr. Jart Water Fuse BB Cream because LOL JART.
Also, it covers up the redness really well. I take some MAC Mineralize Concealer, smear that on like cream cheese on a bagel, except the concealer version.
I stick Revlon Colorstay Powder (It's inexpensive and you can get at any CVS, anywhere) over it to make sure the concealer doesn't go anywhere, throw on some Bare Minerals and Revlon PhotoReady Cream Blush to give the appearance that I actually have real blood flowing through my veins, fill in my patchy left eyebrow, and highlight my eyes with the lightest color from the Sonia Kashuk Eye On Neutral Matte Palette.
Last, I stick on some Mineral Fusion brown mascara.
You could finish with a regular old clear lip gloss, or, if you're feeling really sexual, slap on a red lipstick.
It's alive!!!!


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Originally posted by mitac BTW, you received my *.wavs?
Originally posted by Night Hammer BW, its Exposition not explosion
Originally posted by Moonsword You don't have to use Notepad. You can adjust it on a slider under the Background Editor, in the lower-right hand corner of the dialog box.
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Moon Express
About Us
Team Moon Express has won two Milestone Prizes: the Landing Prize ($1 million), and the Imaging Prize ($250,000), for a total of $1.25 million in prize winnings...so far! (See the complete $30 million in prizes that are available)
Moon Express is one of only two teams in the Google Lunar XPRIZE competition with a verified launch contract for its 2017 lunar mission. In October 2015, Moon Express announced that it had signed the worlds' first multi-mission launch contract with Rocket Lab USA for 3 lunar missions between 2017 and 2020.
Moon Express is a privately financed commercial space company blazing a trail to the Moon. Our prime directive is to open up the Moon's vast resources for humanity, and establish new avenues for commercial space activities beyond Earth orbit.
We are dreamers and we are builders. We are merging the best practices of traditional aerospace know-how with the innovation and entrepreneurial culture of Silicon Valley. We have partnerships with NASA as both collaborator, and customer. We are creating innovative, flexible, and scalable new spacecraft that will radically reduce the cost of space exploration---and unlock the mysteries and resources of the Moon.
We believe that it's critical for humanity to become a multi-world species, and that our sister world, the Moon, is an eighth continent holding vast resources than can help us enrich and secure our future. The Moon is unique in that its surface has remained relatively constant over billions of years.
Most of the elements that are rare on Earth are believed to have originated from space, and are largely present on the surface of the Moon. Reaching for the Moon in a new paradigm of commercial economic endeavor is key to unlocking the knowledge and resources that will help propel us into our future as a space faring species.
Moon Express will send a series of robotic spacecraft to the Moon for ongoing exploration and commercial development. The opportunity is simply driven by advances in technology; what used to require the unlimited budgets of a superpower, are now within reach of private enterprise. We are going back often, and spending orders of magnitude less to do it.
Throughout human history the greatest terrestrial discoveries been made by brave pioneers. These were individuals with bold ideas who, with the backing of a monarch or state, had the vision and the daring to forge a new path into uncharted waters... Today, the advance of technology has made exploration of the Moon accessible to just these sorts of entrepreneurs. Moon Express Inc. is a privately funded commercial space company created to develop the resources of the Moon for the benefit of life on Earth and humanity's future in space.
Moon Express was founded by Dr. Bob Richards, Naveen Jain, and Dr. Barney Pell in August 2010 and was quickly selected by NASA for its $30M Innovative Lunar Demonstrations Data (ILDD) program. Moon Express entered and became a recognized leader in the $30M Google Lunar XPRIZE competition in October of that same year. Headquartered at the NASA Ames Research Park in Mountain View, CA, Moon Express is forging a new paradigm, combining best practices of traditional aerospace know how with the innovation and entrepreneurial culture of Silicon Valley. Selected by Forbes as one of the 'Names You Should Know' in 2011, Moon Express is developing innovative, flexible and scalable new robotic spacecraft that will radically reduce the cost of space exploration and unlock the mysteries and resources of the Moon. Our first technology demonstrator mission planned for 2017 will be the first in an ongoing series of lunar missions focused on science, exploration and commerce.
We have a salaried, growing workforce of over 40 driven, visionary people and are looking for more of the best talent on the planet to join us. If you have the commitment, passion and capability to pioneer a new paradigm of commercial space exploration, come join us!
Professionals: please send resume to [email protected]
Students: please send resume to [email protected]onexpress.com
We thank all applicants for their interest; however, only those candidates selected for an interview will be contacted. Please note that due to U.S. ITAR laws, only U.S. citizens or permanent residents ("green card" holders) can be considered for employment on our engineering team.
Team Members
|Bob Richards
|Daven Maharaj


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- tradition & modernity close to Wenceslas Square
- central location in the heart of Prague
Offers in this hotel
3 Nights from EUR 205,-Go to offer
Price per Person/Package
Price per Person/Package
Hotel information (Summer description)
Alternative: Winter description
LocationThe hotel is situated vis-à-vis the central station, just 5 minutes walk from Wenceslas Square and 10 minutes from the Old Town Square. The Charles Bridge and other attractions can be visited during a short walk. It is only a 3 minute walk to the main station, to the bus station for the airport bus and to Hlavní Nádraí underground station.
FacilitiesThe hotel offers a classical splendor facade and modern and innovative design and equipment. Inside it features a foyer with a 24-hour front desk, a stylish bar, a business lounge with Internet access, an à la carte restaurant with excellent food, 2 modern seminar rooms and the Acquapura City Spa - a small spa with sauna, steam room and fitness equipment making your holiday a special experience. Lift available.
Payable on spot: covered parking space: ca. EUR 28,- per day. Pets: EUR 15,- per night.
RoomsAll 109 rooms are tastefully and functionally decorated and feature wooden floors, shower/WC, hairdryer, air conditioning, satellite TV with radio, safe, Nespresso coffee machine and Wi-Fi.
MealsBuffet breakfast and à la carte breakfast for late risers with numerous specialties and regional delicacies - even on weekends until 12pm.
OtherChild discount/rates in case of 2 full-paying guests: 0-11 years 100%.
Minimum stay: 29.12.-2.1. & 29.3.-31.3. 3 nights.
- 10% reduction from 1.11.-28.12. for 3 nights *)
- 20% reduction from 1.11.-28.12. for min. 4 nights *)
- 15% reduction from 3.1.-28.3. & 1.4.-31.10. for min. 4 nights *)
- free Wi-Fi throughout the hotel
Booking Code: CZPRFM1 DK B/DO B/EK B/EO B
The displayed hotel information is valid from 1.11.2017 - 31.10.2018


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HTC has seen its company shares drop a whopping 7 per cent in just a single day, following a revenue forecast cut.
The company said it plans on being in a similar position revenue-wise at the end of 2011 as it was in the previous year. HTC is pointing to increased competition as a reason for the reduced growth, which it had previously forecast to be around 20 or 30 per cent.
HTC warned back in October that its fourth quarter revenue was beginning to slow. HTC is predicting no growth compared to the same time last year when the company took $104 billion in Taiwanese dollars.
Some are pointing to a lack of new products to go up against Apple's iPhone 4S in the US. HTC recently announced the Sensation XE and XL, revamped but not redesigned takes on the HTC Sensation. It is also competing against the likes of Samsung in the Android department, no easy task particularly with handsets like the Galaxy Nexus set for release.
What do you think to HTC's prediction? Deserved or not? Let us know in the comments below...


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Antonio Banderas Screen Saver
The screen saver shows the auto-generated, rotational and moving spiral galaxies. The galaxies has different forms, structures and movements. This version contains four galaxies, combined into serial show with five changing effects. User can add some own star words into space around the galaxies.
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 52 KB
|Download (261): Flying Galaxy Screen Saver Download
Free Santa Screen Saver Invaders game created with Active Media Eclipse v.4 - download a Trial copy of the software that created this Screen Saver from www.active-media-online.com
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 194 KB
|Download (100): Santa's Invaders Screen Saver Download
An extremely simple 3D screen saver with a an autumn leaf gently blown by wind. Relaxing and calm. For those who believe that simple things like a screen savers must be kept simple.
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 635 KB
|Download (110): Autumn Leaf Screen Saver Download
Fern screen saver let the fern leafs grow on your monitor to make it little bit sweeter, when you don't work. It uses the fractal IFS algorithm to generate the leaf. There are options to adjust the appearance as well as key values for the IFS algorithm to modify the look of leaf.
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 450.56 KB
|Download (89): Fern Screen Saver Download
ProtectorSaver is the official screen saver to the popular aspirin Protector game. The screen saver shows on a green background red and white blood cells in different animations. You can select the animation type, the animation speed and the type of blood cells you want to see.
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 497 KB
|Download (231): Protector Screen Saver Download
FREE to create professional screen savers with over than 1000 images and music files, support pictures taken on a digital camera or scanned in from a scanner (JPG, GIF, BMP and other formats), support music taken from your CD (MP3, WAW, MID formats).
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 1.43 MB
|Download (2431): 2Flyer Screen Saver Builder Download
This program consecutively after preset time intervals turns display monitor into energy saving modes. It expands Windows 98/Me/2000/XP functionality allowing in particular to turn monitor into Standby mode (unlike Windows 95 these OS'es are only capable to completely turn monitor off). Being...
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 80 KB
|Download (266): PowerControl Screen Saver Download
Dress up your computer this Christmas with this bright screen saver. Let various scenes gather you into the hoilday spirit. Snow, candles, a snow globe, a fireplace and other scenes all accompanied by the music of Vivaldis In Excelsis Deo make this a unique experience. Sound control is...
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 2.64 MB
|Download (144): Crisp Christmas Screen Saver Download
Zion National Park Screen Saver and Wallpaper Changer (Free Preview, includes 3 images of the total 36 available in the full version). Liven up your computer desktop with images of Zion National Park, Utah, USA. You can set it up to display the images as a slide show, as a desktop wallpaper, and...
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 964 KB
|Download (89): Zion National Park Screen Saver - Free Preview Download
Ready for summer yet? The beachballs blog screensaver lets beach balls gently float down on your desktop and fill your screen. Watch closely for the palm tree and other beach items float by. Sure to get you in the mood for summer.
Platforms: Windows
|License: Freeware
|Size: 434 KB
|Download (83): Beach Balls Blog Screen Saver Download
Turns your idle computer screen into an airplane window, complete with a moving aerial view. Each time it plays, the screensaver creates a unique flight sequence.
Realistic, gentle animation and superb photography make it a truly distinctive screen saver. Enjoy the visual splendor of 15 fresh...
Platforms: Mac
|License: Freeware
|Size: 5.7 MB
|Download (28): Holding Pattern Screen Saver: Coach Class for Mac OS Download
Watch as real 3D butterflies begin to flutter around, and land on, the screen you were just working on!
- From the makers of the 3D Desktop Aquarium 3D Screen Saver.
- Real time 3D butterflies that fly around your screen and land on both the desktop and the 'glass' of your monitor, as...
Platforms: Mac
|License: Freeware
|Size: 1.9 MB
|Download (31): 3D Desktop Butterflies Screen Saver for Mac OS Download
Celebrate St Patrick's Day, Oktoberfest, or just your love of beer, on your desktop all year round as realistic 3D beer bottles from around the world float around your screen in stunning, real-time 3D!
Features Include:
- Real time 3D beer! So real, you can almost taste it!
- Use any background...
Platforms: Mac
|License: Freeware
|Size: 1.3 MB
|Download (29): 3D Beers of the World Screen Saver for Mac OS Download
Screen Saver with original, astonishing photos of Rome, Italy. Original High quality pictures of Rome, Italy. Your perfect Screen Saver to relax and enjoy the history and beauty of Rome, Italy.
Platforms: Windows, Windows CE
|License: Freeware
|Size: 4.75 MB
|Download (32): Rome Screen Saver Download
Piemonte Screen Saver with original, astonishing photos of Piedmont, Italy. Wonderful pictures of amazing nature landscapes, scenes, cities and villages in Piedmont, Italy. Original High quality pictures. Your perfect Screen Saver to relax, dream and enjoy the beauty in Piedmont, Italy.
Platforms: Windows, Windows CE
|License: Freeware
|Size: 4.66 MB
|Download (32): Piemonte Screen Saver Download
A Bit of Irish is a St. Patrick's Day Screen Saver that will add a bit of Irish luck to your desktop. Watch shamrocks float and leprechauns dance around your screen.
|License: Freeware
|Size: 300 KB
|Download (145): St. Patrick's Day Screen Saver Download
This Easter Theme screen saver will brighten up your desktop with colorful 3D Easter eggs floating around your screen. You can choose whether to float the colorful eggs over an Easter egg background or your desktop. Freeware.
|License: Freeware
|Size: 530 KB
|Download (165): 3D Flying Easter Eggs Screen Saver Download
The Active Bulletin Custom Screen Saver is an Internet-based screen saver that is ideal for providing promotional and advertizing information to your target market - in real-time!
Control the images your customers see. Update your images and text message at any time
- remotely - via the...
|License: Freeware
|Size: 1.26 MB
|Download (168): Active Bulletin Screen Saver Download
PK Screen Saver is a screensaver tool that you use to create your own images Slide Show screensaver, complete with transition effects and while playing background sounds. For idea, you can use PK Screen Saver to create personal screensaver or company logo screensaver. Free of charge.
|License: Freeware
|Size: 520 KB
|Download (3221): PK Screen Saver Download
Lighthouses Screensavers with Wallpaper. This is a beautiful screen saver of ocean coastlines with spectacular images of lighthouses and music! The earliest lighthouses were simply bonfires built on hillsides to guide ships. The first light served the old world city of Alexandria in 285 B.C. The...
|License: Freeware
|Size: 3.35 MB
|Download (180): Lighthouses Screensaver Download


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So many breakfast foods around the world have the same familiar ideas at heart: simple, filling, just the thing to soothe your soul's journey from bed to the harsh light of the working day. Having Taiwanese breakfast at Huge Tree Pastry is like looking at an American diner breakfast, just slightly refracted.
The place even feels like a diner, from the happily worn, old linoleum tiles to the pleasant Formica tables. The foods have about the same culinary thrust as your average pancake breakfast but are written all over with the Taiwanese bent for textural play.
Witness their version of that ultra-casual Taiwanese classic, the glutinous rice roll, called "salted rice ball" on the menu. It's soft, sticky rice wrapped around a long, crispy fried Chinese doughnut, with a layer of slightly sweet Chinese cotton-candy pork fluff in between. It's a hefty, warm, utterly satiating festival of carbs. Peel back the plastic wrapping and eat it with your hands. For maximum textural pleasantness, get it fully loaded with crunchy homemade mustard pickles; the result is pleasing comfort-food flavors arrayed in a weird harmony of textures: fried and soft and meaty and chewy and fluffy all at once.
Huge Tree Pastry is the reincarnation of an old Monterey Park breakfast favorite, Yi Mei Chinese Pastries, which was hit by a fire about two years ago. The old location was a cramped little stall with too few tables and too many customers. The new incarnation is far bigger and far cozier, and it fits the food better. There's enough space to chill out and really sink down into your pile of starch.


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Watch I Am Number Four (2011) Online
Superior teen sci-fi thrills are provided in this fast-moving adventure following an extra-terrestrial in human form (British up-and-comer Alex Pettyfer) who is just one step ahead of alien assassins tracking him down on Earth. Glee star Dianna Agron plays the smalltown girl of his dreams while Timothy Olyphant is the mentor/protector who equips his young charge with the skills to face down his nemesis. Director DJ Caruso keeps the action rolling while Pettyfer ensures his first steps in Hollywood are big ones.
Watch: I Am Number Four Trailer


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Alamos Seleccion Pinot Noir
£11.76 Ex Tax: £9.80
- Brand: Catena
- Product Code: 17LOS10B
- Availability: In Stock
This product has a minimum quantity of 6
A delicate, floral Pinot Noir with soft cherry and strawberry flavours.
The philosophy behind the Alamos range is to make flavourful, drinkable wines that preserve each varietals distinctive aroma, flavour and texture, offering the best of Mendoza's high altitude vineyards at an incredible value.
Grapes: 100% Pinot Noir
Region: Argentina / Mendoza / Uco Valley
Maker: Felipe Stahlschmidt
Notes: A delicate, floral Pinot Noir with soft cherry and strawberry flavours. Medium-bodied, fresh and bright, with smooth supple tannins and a savoury, spicy chocolate finish.
Serve: At 14-16c with duck, goose, pork dishes, pasta in tomato sauces and mild cheese.


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EU Court Rejects U.S. Steel Suit Over Emissions Cap
The European Court of First Instance ruled on Oct. 1 that U.S. Steel Kosice, Slovakia's largest steel producer, does not have the right to challenge the EC's decision regarding the Slovak government's national allocation plan on pollution limits for 2008 to 2012.
The subsidiary announced its defeat on Friday, according to Reuters. The court's "decision is negative,"...
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Verdant Health is offering a fun and interactive free workshop this week on ways to manage your blood-pressure through food, activity and lifestyle.
The workshop will take place Thursday, Feb. 16 from 6-8 p.m. at Verdant (4710 196th St. S.W.) and will be led by a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) and Exercise Physiologist with Sound Dietitians LLC.
Blood-pressure screenings, weight and waist measurements will be provided, and participants will have an opportunity for a brief session with an RDN to discuss how nutrition can play a role in managing their blood pressure. Food samples, recipes and helpful handouts will be provided.
This free class takes at the Verdant Community Wellness Center, 4710 196th St. SW, Lynnwood, WA 98036. Pre-registration is required at verdanthealth.org/events.


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The Jokes by Jo Show
About This Show
The Jokes by Jo Show follows the path of two comics on their comedic pilgrimmage as they journey through comedy clubs. Join comedians Josiah James and Ryan Rossell as they discuss comedy, prepare new material, share live performances, and tell classic jokes that you can share with your family and friends. Along the way, they will critique their performances to try and improve their craft. Additionally, Josiah and Ryan will weave in comedy, entertainment, technology and hilarious stories throughout their journey as it applies to their stand-up crusade.Read more »


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Something new
Uncovering new things is a daily experience in our industry. Each and every story or event that a news or sportscaster covers has its own unique characteristics. But this was something totally different—this would be a sport I've never covered. And after nearly 35 years in this business, I did just that, performing play-by-play for a professional soccer game on Comcast Sportsnet last Wednesday July 20But don't fool yourself. This can change in an instant. It's like golf. If you've ever played the game, you know it often replicates life itself. Just when you think, "hey golf is easy," it turns around and bites you in the leg. Suddenly, you go from playing very well to playing as if you'd never played the game before.
For me, it presented some unique challenges. I had to learn not only more about my local team (the Philadelphia Union, of which I am a season-ticket holder) but I had to delve deeply into the opponent, English Premiere League side Everton FC, of whom I'd known little or nothing.
Suffice it to say, the research was a challenge. But even more so was taking a new game plus all of this strange information and trying to sound like I'd been calling the sport for years. While the telecast seemed to go off OK, it didn't' come as easily as, say, a 76ers game, a sport I've been doing for 17 years. As a broadcaster, I found myself taking a beat—a little extra time—to make sure name pronunciations, facts and indeed the call itself was what it needed to be.
And that's probably the best advice I can give in a situation like this. When, as a broadcaster, you are presented with a brand new challenge, give it the research it deserves. Then, be prepared to deliver that information a little differently—a little more deliberately perhaps—because it's still relatively unfamiliar territory. While you may notice the difference in your performance, it's understandable. And hopefully you'll have the opportunity to cover the material again, which will ultimately lead to you (and me!) being more comfortable.
Click the play button to hear this post.


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Muflihun.com (Version 4.242) is a web application for Qur'an, Hadith and other authentic Islamic resources including recitations, lectures books and reminder posts (blog).
Hadith application allows you to read hadiths in English and Arabic from wide-collections of hadith books:
Initial data for hadith grading/classification was based on two sources, Darussalam and Sheikh al-Albaani
When you look at a hadith (for example Sahih al-Bukhari Book 75 Hadith 333), you may find various numbers in References sections. These numbers represent different types of references for particular hadith used by various publishers. Our main referencing style is based on Darussalam Publications.
You can embed any hadith to your website with support for navigation. For example, if you want to embed 'http://muflihun.com/bukhari/75/333' you can include following links in to 'iframe' (inline-frame)
http://muflihun.com/bukhari/75/333/embed?browse&classification to get both browse controls and classifications.
Even though this section is called Audio it also includes videos. We support following formats:
We regularly add new audios/videos in various languages from sound speakers. We try our best to make sure we only put reliable audios. We have removed some audios and speakers in the past and this is an on-going process. None of the audios are removed based on personal issues with the speakers. They are solely based on their dangerous beliefs.
Some audios are true copy of YouTube videos; they have several benefits:
http://muflihun.com/audio/listen/dr-bilal-philips/patience, the embeddable link is
Concept of audio notes is to be able to recall what and where was something talked about in an audio. When an audio has notes attached to it you will see a small icon as shown below
Audio notes have two parts, time and text. Clicking on time will play the corresponding audio from the time you clicked. For example, below is the screenshot of audio note in Patiences by Dr. Bilal Philips
Clicking on the 00:08:42 will play lecture from this time when you are on audio page. Conceptually, what is being talked about is "Whoever fears Allah, ...". The reason we say "conceptually" is because it depends on whoever authored the audio note.
Another great benefit for audio notes is you can search for the term and you will see results from within audio notes. For an example, click here to trigger search.
Everyone can write their own audio notes. If there is an audio note linked to an audio, this is known as public audio note, everyone will be able to see public audio notes in four cases:
Muflihun Articles are small (and medium sized) articles for our Muslim brothers and sisters for their obligations and rulings on certain matters. Everything in our articles are backed-up by Quran and sunnah. Please note, we are not scholars neither do we consider ourselves student of knowledge. We strive to learn our deen to the best of our ability.
Our main interests are Aqeedah, Arabic Language, Tafseer and Sciences of hadith. Each of these are big topics so we spend time daily to study books and write articles on what we have understood clearly for our brothers and sisters.
Mistakes are inevitable and we request people of knowledge to correct us if we are wrong (along with your proofs).
If you're one of our authors please refer to our articles guidelines for quality articles.
We try our best to keep all of our resources (books, lectures, tafsirs etc) as authentic as possible. For example, we removed many books in the past. We always check the level of tafseer before we put it in Quran section. For example, we did not put Tafsīr Jalālayn because of `Ash'ari beliefs in it. Similarly, Tanwīr al-Miqbās min Tafsīr Ibn `Abbās which is attributed to Ibn `Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him). After researching in detail and asking shuyukh, it is clear that it's using many fabricated ahaadith and falsely attributed to Ibn `Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him); hence we did not add it.
After all, we are human beings and we make mistakes. If you find anything on this site that is either unauthentic or dangerous (in terms of `aqeedah), please let us know via email (along with the proofs). We will try to remove it as soon as possible.
This site contains a variety of copyright material. Some of this is the intellectual property of individuals, some is owned by the muflihun.com. Some material is owned by others and yet other material is in the public domain. Our aim is to make this site a single stop to download materials that may be helpful to the ummah. Anything owned by muflihun.com (e.g, articles), please feel free to share, copy etc. With that being said, we would love to see a back link to our site if you copy our stuff.
If you own a certain property and would like us to take it down, please feel free to contact us via email [subject: Take Down Request]. We will verify your identity and try our best to take-down the material(s) from the site.
If you wish to contact us in order to report an issue or ask question, please feel free to send email to info [at] muflihun.com and we will try to respond as soon as possible.
We have put hours, days and weekends in to this project. Our efforts include, but not limited to:


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Most popular at the top
From Civil Strife to Civil SocietyUnited Nations University Press 2003; US$ 33.00
Offers an examination of the dimensions of state disruption and the roles of the international community in responding to it, looks at military doctrine for dealing with disorder and humanitarian emergencies, and examines mechanisms for ending violence and delivering justice. more...
Violent GeographiesTaylor & Francis 2006; US$ 29.95
Derek Gregory and Allan Pred's Violent Geographies gathers together a group of young and well established geographers to look at how territory and space delimit and shape both terrorism and political violence in wide range of places, from the Middle East to Latin America. In short, the book shows how physical violence, especially terrorism, disrupts... more...
From Extreme Violence to the Problem of CivilityColumbia University Press 2015; US$ 0.00
In this impassioned argument, Étienne Balibar boldly confronts the insidious causes of violence, racism, nationalism, and ethnic cleansing worldwide. Through a novel synthesis of theory and empirical studies of violence drawn from contemporary life, Balibar tests the limits of political philosophy to formulate new, productive conceptions of war, revolution,... more...
The Logic of Violence in Civil WarCambridge University Press 2006; US$ 30.00
This book demonstrates that there is logic to violence in civil war. more...
The Globalization of Political ViolenceTaylor and Francis 2007; US$ 45.90
The events of the 11 th of September 2001 revealed most dramatically that globalization has a shadow. While large sections of the world's population enjoy the perceived benefits of globalization, others seek to utilize globalization for their own politically violent purposes. If 9/11 demonstrated anything, it is that globalization can as readily... more...
Consociational TheoryTaylor and Francis 2009; US$ 44.62
Consociational power sharing is increasingly gaining ground, right around the world, as a means for resolving political conflict in divided societies. In this volume, edited by Rupert Taylor, nineteen internationally-respected scholars engage in a lively debate about the merits of the theory underlying this approach. The volume focuses specifically... more...
Fragile StatesWiley 2013; US$ 19.95 US$ 17.96
Today a billion people, including about 340 million of the world's extreme poor, are estimated to live in 'fragile states'. This group of low-income countries are often trapped in cycles of conflict and poverty, which make them acutely vulnerable to a range of shocks and crises. This engaging book defines and clarifies what we mean by fragile states,... more...
Politics of Civil WarsTaylor and Francis 2013; US$ 43.35
Civil war is one of the critical issues of our time. Although intrastate in nature, it has a disproportionate and overwhelming effect on the overall peace and stability of contemporary international society. Organized around the themes of contested nationalism, violence, external intervention, post-conflict reconstruction, reconciliation and governance,... more...
Globalization, the State, and ViolenceAltaMira Press 2004; US$ 46.50
Friedman and a distinguished group of contributors offer a compelling analysis of globalization and the lethal explosiveness that characterizes the current world order. In particular, they investigate global processes and political forces that determine networks of crime, commerce and terror, and reveal the economic, social and cultural fragmentation... more...
Politics of ViolenceTaylor and Francis 2013; US$ 39.52
Critical thinkers like Foucault, Benjamin, Derrida and Žižek have long challenged the liberal separation of violence and politics by highlighting the implicit violence within political and economic structures. But in an era of international terrorism and counter-terrorism, should we not also reverse the question to ask 'what is political about violence?'... more...


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Maburaho vol. 1
Author: Toshihiko Tsukiji
Characters Designs: Eiji Komatsu
Art: Miki Miyashita
Published by: ADV Manga
Release Date: April 2005
Genre: Comedy
Age: 13+
Shikimori, or Kazuki to some, just woke up from a dramatic event and it seems he's lost his memory and doesn't know who he is. Well what he's about to learn can very give him a heart attack, apparent young Shikimori has not one, not two, but three girls in his life; one wife, one fiancée and one girlfriend. Waking up to that fact must have taken 10 years off Shikimori's life. But it isn't as complicated as it sounds. See Shikimori and the others like him have magical powers. Each person with this ability as a certain number of times they can use magic in their lives. People with this ability attend special schools where they learn how to handle their magic. Shikimori has a magical qoutient of seven; however, he comes from a elite bloodline of magicians. The girls that claim to his leading ladies aren't interested in Shikimori per se but his DNA, all of them wanting to bear his offspring, which would surely be a magican of unimaginable power. Each of the girls are after the same thing, but they have different reasons. Kazetsubaki is tying to boost her family reputation, Rin is trying to rebuild her's and Yuna's, the girl that claims to love Shikimori for himself and not his genes (see if I was saying it it would have been a funny, you know gene=jeans, yeah back to the review), family is on the decline and having the baby of from Shikimori's bloodline would certainly put her family back on the top. Naturally Shikimori needs a few minutes to take that all in. ^.^ He really doesn't offer much else to the girls: he ain't got the looks, is broke, a coward and can only use magic seven times his entire life; so when girls like you just for your genetical make up, it kind of hurts.
Well they still have to go to school, the prized acadamey for gifted magic users, which Shikimori only got into because of his DNA. Since he lost his memory the girls take it upon themselves to teach him how things go down in the Academy, and that's where the fun really starts. From whether it is school outfits that increase a certain ability to hit-men in the cafe. The Aoi Academy is certainly a fun place.
The girls however haven't given up on their little duel over Shikimori's DNA, in fact they come up with schemes and magical potients to get Shikimori to fork over his DNA. The jury is still out on who Shikimori will pick, if anyone! He has a lot to learn and his girls pulling on him every where he goes. Choosing a mate has never been this deadly, because surely which girl(s) he doesn't pick will kill him.
Very funny manga to read, from the beginning to the end. It's a funny story about irony and and memory lost. Shikimori the boy with the perfect DNA has no other attribute and the girls all just want him. You'll certainly have a few laughs in the few couple of pages. The stuff Shikimori goes through is just too funny. Poor chap.
The characters make for a interesting clash because their personalities are all different. What's cool is that even though they are, in theory, rivals the girls are still friends, just not when Shikimori is around. It's a nice tale of love, friendship, reproduction and High School.
The artwork I'm some what mixed about, if you like a more serious tone in the artwork department Maburaho might not be your thing, then again this is a comedy there is a certain level of cuteness we all have to accept here, but it fits the manga's general message well.
Marburaho is certainly a good manga to read if you like silly romantic comedies. I say it was a nice read, and I can't wait to read the end of this adventure for Shikimori and see who he picks as his mate, or who the girls allow him to pick.
By Cherubim


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It's a no-brainer: You can't make a connection with your audience unless you know who you're trying to reach. This gets down to a marketing basic – developing relevant messaging and content that speaks to buyer personas. Sadly, most business-to-business marketers today skip the key step of building out buyer personas or profiles, and as a result end up creating content that tries to blanket several very different audiences. Unfortunately, what happens in these cases is marketing content doesn't get used and isn't effective at engaging and persuading prospects. In fact, the IDC reports that up to 80% of marketing content created never sees the light of day after it's handed off to the sales team!
The primary output of building buyer personas is robust, detailed, and most importantly widely understandable profiles of your targets. Leveraging these gives you a chance to truly empathize with target buyers and create content and messaging that is most relevant and engaging to their specific buyer characteristics – and gets them to a closed sale faster. The problem with blanketed content pieces is they try to do too much and speak to too many audiences. But when content is targeted and says exactly WHAT your buyer is looking to hear WHEN they need to hear it, your marketing efforts become much more…they become sales enablement.
It is no easy task to REALLY understand your buyers and build detailed buyer personas. Nor is it always a drop in the bucket to create multiple content pieces that are specific to each of those persona's needs and business goals. But there is a way to leverage all that hard work in your sales enablement efforts to make it pay even bigger dividends.
Sales enablement technology platforms like RO Innovations Enablement allow your marketing and sales teams – with only a few mouse clicks – to build and deploy spotlights (tailored micro-sites) that present your new tailored content in an engaging way. RO|Enablement spotlights are an effective way to speak to each buyer persona in your organization's sales cycle because they can be assembled from a library of persona-specific assets, fully searchable within the web-based system, and tailored with the information that the buyer finds relevant– presenting the RIGHT information at the RIGHT time for the RIGHT buyer persona. You can even build spotlights that showcase each buyer persona using the language and keywords they use, and create different spotlights for the relevant stages in that persona's buy cycle where it's critical for sales to be engaged with them.
Not all content in a spotlight has to be hashed out every time sales is in communication with a prospect. Having pre-built spotlight templates makes it easy for the sales team to grab-and-go and not waste time searching for the right content and building spotlights themselves – increasing the ease and efficiency with which your team operates. As an added bonus, RO|Enablement's built-in tracking capabilities allow marketing to monitor what content is being used and what content is most effective with each buyer persona – making it easy to determine what's working and what's not. Say goodbye to the days of 80% unused collateral and say hello to days with more sales for far less effort.
What are you waiting for? Ask one of our experts about the personalized ways you can leverage buyer personas in our sales enablement technology platform today!


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The truth of the matter is it's not everyday you get an opportunity to throw a party under a bridge in Singapore. The Rail Corridor Art space has been a go to destination for Singapore's Street Artists and Graf crews. I was approached by Tactspace for Singapura Dub Club to curate the talent for this event - the last in a series of parties celebrating art, music, dance and food at the Rail Corridor. The concept was to have a KAMPONG BASHMENT; an fete that brings together the village & community to celebrate no matter your musical preference, race or culture. The most important factor is that the lineup is EPIC and will create a party that will be spoken about for years to come. We pulled out the big guns on this one, selecting talent like Ill Gates from San Francisco, XLII from Japan, Arabyrd from Malaysia, and Adit from Indonesia to drops tracks alongside Singapore's best talent! (We love you Jean Reiki, Tom Shellsuit & Ming!)
The stage was set with Blacklight wildstyle lettering courtesy of the Roller Crew Girls (Soph O, Daiso) and Zinc Nite Crew. Afrobeats dancers & that fly alien Escoe came through to show some new generation styles and the bass was heavy enough to have commuters on a passing MRT file complaints. (Hope we vibrated your train ride home xoxo). Someone commented "This is like Zoukout, but free, but better and more intimate". The icing on the bashment cake was a final giant group YUM SING! ("Cheers" in Singapore) to celebrate the kampong camaraderie. Truly special moments in the Lion City when creatives from around the world, meet the community of bourgeoning artists here in SG. One Love!


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|Thorbjørn Ravn Andersen <thunderax...@gmail.com>
|Re: [classlib] debug compilation as default
|Sat, 08 Jul 2006 17:13:57 GMT
Ivan Volosyuk skrev den 08-07-2006 00:35: > Working on different projects, I've found out that Java programmers > and C programmers have different habits. Java programmers likes ant, > Linux/C programmers - make. I am C programmer :) > If we going to do all the build ant-way, let's use cpptask as DRLVM > does. But I will not sign up under that task - I can deal with > makefile based build system, but I have quite little knowledge of ant > to do that task. Personally I think that it will be easier to use other C IDE's if the project uses Makefiles since that is what historically has been used for that purpose. Make and ant are to me very different in how you think when using it - make is in terms of creating rules for deriving file(s) from other file(s), where ant describes tasks. I think it is fine to use ant to invoke the global build, but that make should be used for the C build. Perhaps ant can build the configuration files used by make? Something similar to what "configure" does? -- Thorbjørn --------------------------------------------------------------------- Terms of use : http://incubator.apache.org/harmony/mailing.html To unsubscribe, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: email@example.com
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Des Kilfeather's Online Studio
Please use the navigator buttons to view painting and photography collections.
New December 2017 Limited Edition Artist Book and Bookshop Open Edition - Hardback
Available from Saatchi Art & Online Bookshops around the world
eBook downloadable from Amazon worldwide:
Click below for the UK link or search locally for your countries Amazon link
Des Kilfeather A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
Continuing Kilfeather's exploration of Philosophy of Aesthetics. Ethics and James Joyce
All images are strictly ©Copyright DP Kilfeather


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Is the national curriculum suitable for deaf children's education?
This question looks deceptively easy – but it is not. In principle, yes, satisfaction of the national curriculum should be the educational goal for all deaf children, regardless of what country they live in. However, this assumes that there are sufficient support services (early intervention, assistive listening devices, classroom support, etc.) so that deaf children are "ready" for school and are supported by individuals who understand the special educational needs of deaf children. In reality, many countries, as well as locales within countries, do not have such services. In the United States and elsewhere, many local education authorities do not understand or believe that special accommodations for deaf children are necessary. In that case, however, the goal still must be to support deaf children in achieving the milestones of the national curriculum. To expect any less denies them the opportunities for full education, future employment, and personal success.


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WARNING: Visitors should be aware that this website includes images and names of deceased people that may cause sadness or distress to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
At a glance
- Three woven pandanus sculptures
- Made by Aboriginal artists from Western Arnhem Land
- Modern representations of traditional spiritual mermaid-like figures
- Builds on the National Museum's existing Indigenous collection
Spiritual beings from freshwater streams
A new collection of woven pandanus figures brings a rich dimension to the National Museum of Australia's collection from Western Arnhem Land.
Western Arnhem Land lies adjacent to Kakadu National Park in the Northern Territory of Australia. The National Museum holds bark paintings and pandanus baskets, mats, armbands and dolls from the area.
The three yawkyawk figures are a recent manifestation of a traditional Aboriginal story about spiritual beings found in freshwater streams. These yawkyawks were crafted by artists Lulu Laradjbi and Marina Murdilnga. The National Museum acquired the yawkyawks through Maningrida Arts and Culture, a community-based Aboriginal arts organisation.
Mermaid like forms
Yawkyawk is a word from the Aboriginal Kunwinjku/Kunwok language, meaning 'young woman' and 'young woman spirit being'.
Sometimes compared to the European notion of mermaids, yawkyawks are usually depicted with the tails of fish. They have long hair, associated with trailing blooms of algae, typically found in Arnhem Land streams and rock pools.
National Museum curator Kipley Nink said the yawkyawks were a relatively new way of representing ancestral beings which had existed in stories for many years.
The figures add a new dimension to the National Museum's collection, showing new directions in dynamic fibre craft practices.


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"As you grow older, you will discover that you have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others." Audrey Hepburn
Many people have extended their hands to help me throughout my career and my life. This has allowed me to extend my hand to others in the same manner. Helping others is not only taking your Diamond Living to a higher level…it will bless you.
When you reach out to someone else and provide assistance to them, you are also aligning yourself to receive many blessings. You may encounter some who don't appreciate the helping hand you extend to them. Don't let that stop your giving. Keep giving. In this way, your hand will already be open to receive life's gifts.
Share your experience of how someone has blessed you by lending a hand, or a time when you were able to lend a hand in the comment section.
Pick up a copy of the Diamond Cutters book to learn how to find your purpose.
Follow me on Facebook Let's Link on LinkedIn Tweet with me on Twitter


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Don't Waste It
Innoventions in Epcot has a fun new learning experience about recycling. Like many things in Epcot, you learn while playing a game and having a good time learning. You can locate this section by looking for the full-size trash truck. Don't Waste It is sponsored by Waste Management.
They start out talking about statistics on how much trash one person produces. The average person creates 4 pounds of garbage every day. That's a lot of trash over a lifetime!
The next step will decide how much trash you produce each day, which is the part that determines how much trash is in your truck. They ask questions such as do you get the newspaper daily, read it online, or just get it weekends. Do you eat a little, or a lot (such as if you have teenagers in the house). From these questions it tells us how many tons of trash we produce each year. You create a team name then the Cast Member brings the trash truck over to you. The trash truck has a screen with your team name on it.
You'll then take your truck to the first station where you dock your truck so it can record your progress in how you recycle your trash. The first station has you recycling glass, plastic, paper and tin. Each person has one of these items and has to grab as much as they can to put in the truck. After you're done you take your trash truck to the next station where you dock it to accumulate more trash.
The next station has two positions. The one on the top runs a crane and the bottom position is a front loader. The front loader pushes the trash to the side and the crane lifts it up and puts in the burner.
The third game is landscaping. You use your trash that you've recycled for the landfill to do the landscaping on a golf course, ballpark or a nature park. You drive your truck to pick up the trash with your front loader and take it to the landfill area where you layer the trash and dirt.
After you've finished with your game you'll take your trash truck to the final station where you dock your truck to see how well you've done. It gives you an overview of how you've done and what you've learned to become a better recycler and how the process of recycling works. It then shows you your certificate that you can email to your computer to print out once you're home. It' s a fun way to learn a little more about recycling and a free souvenir that you can print out and remember what you've learned.
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