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Children's Books
Little Goldie Finch
Little Goldie Finch is a children's book I illustrated for Green Ivy Publishing. The book focuses on personal achievement as Little Goldie Finch enforces the specific steps that are all part of the laws of success, and it does so in a manner that even a child can understand and enjoy.
Himerick's Limerick
Was there ever life before marshmallows? Himerick sure doesn't think so! Marshmallows are his whole world! Himerick likes marshmallows so much that he wants them for breakfast, lunch, and dinner! Life is sweet (pun intended) until his mother decides to take away his precious marshmallows and puts him on a good, healthy diet.
How will Himerick survive such a horrendous ploy, no doubt brought about by his goody-two-shoes brother Mike? Will Himerick be doomed to submit to such unreasonableness?
The Blurter
A story is about a kindergarten boy named Alexander Johnathan McCarthy Jr. who has a terrible time following the sharing rule at Martha K. Banks Elementary School and needs help to cure himself of his bad habit of blurting out answers and stories all the time.


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Imagine you had a time machine. It allows you to go back in time and change one thing about the past.
What would you do?
I bet plenty of us WANT to say something like:
- Warn the Titanic about those pesky icebergs in the way
- Kill baby Hitler
- Tell Abraham Lincoln to Netflix and chill with Mary Todd instead of going to the theater
But the truth is, we'd all probably want to go back in time and give ourselves advice — probably on the best way to invest money and time.
Maybe you'd tell yourself to buy some Google stock the day they went public? Perhaps you'd just tell yourself to put down the fork and pick up a barbell more often? Or that maybe those skinny jeans you wore when you were 16 DIDN'T look as good as you thought?
No matter the case, there's probably a world of things you'd probably want to tell yourself — and in doing so, you could impact your current life in a million positive ways.
Too bad time machines don't exist…
That's right. Little do you readers know, I've been hard at work constructing an advanced piece of machinery that allows you to actually know exactly what you should invest in during your twenties. Hop inside, and I'll show you how.
Best way to invest money: Time Machine Investing
If you're in your twenties, or even your thirties, chances are you have no idea how you should be investing your money and time — and that's okay. Life doesn't come with a guidebook and many of us are expected to just sort of "figure it out" when we graduate college.
Well, I'm here to tell you there's a way to know exactly how you should be investing your time and money: Ask someone older (like me).
It's not exactly a flying DeLorean or an inter-dimensional Time Lord, BUT people who have been where you are before know exactly what we wish we should've invested in.
Seriously, ask your parents or an older friend of yours what they would have done if they were your age. They'll probably tell you a bunch of things like:
- "I wish I ate more healthily when I was younger. A big gut's harder to get rid of when you're old."
- "I wouldn't have picked up cigarettes that summer after college. Awful habit."
- "I wouldn't have stuck it out with that job that I hated for so long."
It doesn't even have to be anything bad. Hell, your dad might tell you something like, "I started investing in retirement during college and it was one of the best decisions I've ever made." Advice like this can help spare you from tons of issues down the road…so why WOULDN'T you take it?
Well today, I'm going to let you in on exactly what I think someone in their twenties should be investing in.
Investment #1: Invest money to eliminate your debt
If you're young and you have debt and you want to live a Rich Life in the future, your first order of business is to get rid of it. You can't properly invest in yourself or your future if you have a mountain of credit card debt that you haven't addressed yet.
Debt is the most common roadblock keeping people from finding success in their lives. That's why I don't allow anyone with debt to take part in any of my flagship courses, costing us millions each year.
If you're in debt, it's probably not even your fault. After all, we don't come out of the womb knowing how credit cards work. There's no "Paying off your loans 101" class in high school. And credit card companies aren't trying to help you. In fact, they're in the business to keep you in debt for as long as possible so THEY can make money.
Luckily, there are steps you can take to get out of debt no matter how much you owe.
I wrote an article detailing exactly how you can get out of it — but for now, I'm going to tell you that the first and best step you can take to getting out of debt is to simply be aware of how much you owe.
Seriously. That's it. Though it may sound simple, finding how much you're in debt is actually INCREDIBLY hard for many people to do.
This boils down to the simple fact that people feel guilty about their debt. They'd rather bury their heads in the sand and pretend their debt doesn't exist than look at the reality of the situation and do something about it.
My advice to you: GET OVER IT.
This is exactly the attitude credit card/loan companies want.
So STOP.
I challenge you to step up and OWN your debt instead of letting it own you.
First step: Go through your account statements, call the companies, do whatever it takes to find out how much you owe on these bills. You can use this tool to track it (it's the second link on this list). The chart looks like this:
Stop right now and do this.
Congrats! Taking the first step is one of the hardest parts — now you're well on your way to a Rich Life.
If your total debt number seems high, remember two things:
- There is a large group of people with MORE debt than you.
- From this day that number is only going to go DOWN. This is the beginning of the end.
If you need help getting out of debt, check out my absolute best resources on getting out of debt below:
- How to improve your credit score
- How to get out of debt fast
- How to use credit cards to rebuild credit
BONUS: For even more systems on eliminating your debt, check out my 3-minute video below on how to negotiate your debt.
Investment #2: Invest money early and often for retirement
I can't tell you how many people I've talked to tell me they wished they started investing in their twenties — though if you're NOT in your twenties and you're reading this, there's still time.
After all, the single most important factor in ensuring a solid financial future is investing. The sooner you start, the easier it is to get rich. There's more than 100 years of evidence in the stock market testifying to that.
Still don't believe me? Let's look at a real world example.
Say you're 25 years old and you decide to invest $500/month in a low-cost, diversified index fund. If you do that until you're 60, how much money do you think you'd have (assuming a 5% return)?
Take a look:
That's right. You'd be a millionaire after only investing a few thousand dollars per year.
Notice, I'm not talking about the Hollywood type of investing where hot-shot stockbrokers make huge multimillion dollar trades while yelling "SELL" into a phone for some reason.
When it comes to long-term investments, there are essentially two ways you can do it — and I HIGHLY suggest doing both.
A 401k through your employer
Be sure to take advantage of your employer's 401k plan by putting at least enough money to collect the employer match into it. This basically means that for every dollar you contribute, your company will match that (pre-tax!).
This ensures you're taking full advantage of what is essentially free money from your employer. That match is POWERFUL and can double your money over the course of your working life:
Roth IRA
Like your 401k, you're going to want to max it out as much as possible. The amount you are allowed to contribute goes up occasionally. Currently you can contribute up to $5,500 each year.
I suggest putting money into an index fund such as the S&P 500 as well as an international index fund as well.
Note: If $500/month sounds like a lot, read all the ways you can free up that money with just a few phone calls.
Investment #3: Invest money for big purchases
The best time to grow a tree is 10 years ago. The second best time is today.
Man, it sounds like a cheesy motivational poster — but the adage is TRUE.
If you want to buy a house or a nice car one day, you don't want to think about where you're going to get the money the day you plan to buy it. You want that money to already be there.
That's why I'm a HUGE proponent of automating your finances.
There are still people out there who have heard me harp on this for literal YEARS and still haven't automated their finances. And why not? For a few hours of work, you can save yourself thousands of dollars down the road.
One reason many are averse to saving money is due to the pain of putting our hard earned cash into our savings accounts each month. That's why we turn to automation. It's a set-it-and-forget-it approach to your finances, allowing you to send all of your money exactly where you need it to go as soon as you receive your paycheck.
After all, if you had to track your spending and move money into savings every month it would eventually be one of those "I'll get to that later…" things and you'd NEVER get to it.
And so, just like cutting out luscious, perfectly foamed 12 Corners lattes, we might put away money for savings once or twice — but if we have to make the decision EVERY paycheck, we're setting ourselves up to fail.
That's why automated finances work so well. You can start to dominate your finances by having your system passively do the right thing for you. Instead of thinking about saving every day — set it and forget it.
To do this, you need just one hour today to set everything up so your paycheck is divided into four major buckets as soon as it arrives in your checking account. They are:
- Investments: I highly suggest you put your money into a Roth IRA. Like your 401k, you're going to want to max it out as much as possible. The amount you are allowed to contribute goes up occasionally. Currently you can contribute up to $5,500 each year.
- Savings: Here, you should use "sub-saving accounts" that you've created for long-term goals like your wedding, vacation, or down payment on your house. Many banks provide the option to create smaller sub-accounts in your normal savings account — perfect for goal setting.
- Guilt-free spending: Make automatic payments for recurring services like Netflix, Birchbox, and gym memberships using your credit card. You're going to have plenty of guilt-free spending money in here for things like the occasional night out or fun purchases you want to make.
Be sure to log into your credit card's website and set up automatic payments with your checking account so your credit card bill is paid off each month. You can rest assured that you will have enough money in your checking because you've already set up automatic payments with everything else.
- Fixed costs: These are for bills that can't be paid off with a credit card such as rent, electric, water, and gas.
Once that money is in your savings account, don't touch it unless you're ready to pay for your long-term goal (or if there's a HUGE emergency).
For more information on how to automate your finances, check out my 12-minute video where I go through the exact process with you.
Investment #4: Your (constant) education
If there's one thing that I hope my readers have gained from my blog, it's that you should always be in a state of curiosity. Be inquisitive. Ask questions when you don't understand something and don't be afraid to seek out more information through books, courses, or schooling. It's only then that you can hope to truly live your Rich Life.
And don't just focus on things that you think are closely related to your career. I want you to approach education laterally. You'll be surprised at the things you'll be able to pick up that'll help you in life and at the office.
- Are you an investment banker? Go take an improv class and become better at public speaking (and cracking jokes with others).
- Small business owner? Take a course in another language like Spanish or French. You might be able to broaden your audience that way.
- Aspiring baker? Join that cool sci-fi writing workshop you saw online. At the very least, you'll be able to craft solid business proposals.
Your thirst for education should be constant and voracious. I don't care if you're reading this in your twenties or your sixties. There's always something new to learn that you can add to your well of knowledge to draw upon.
If you ARE in your twenties though, you have so much potential in your life to leverage — but only if you know what to invest in. So take advantage of the time machines around you and talk to older people who have been around the block a few times and know what worked out for them.
Want more lessons from THIS time machine? I have an offer for you: My Ultimate Guide to Personal Finance.
- Master your 401k: Take advantage of free money offered to you by your company…and get rich while doing it.
- Manage Roth IRAs: Start saving for retirement in a worthwhile long-term investment account.
- Automate your expenses: Take advantage of the wonderful magic of automation and make investing pain-free.

subset: commoncrawl


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Waukesha Family And Divorce Law Firm For Clients Throughout Milwaukee Metro Area
It is always more difficult to get divorced than to get married. Divorce can be complicated by feelings of anger, fear, sadness, failure, resentment and guilt. All those emotions come together during the divorce process, leading otherwise reasonable people to act unreasonably.
Your choice of lawyer will greatly impact the quality and outcome of your divorce. It is important to choose an attorney you can feel comfortable working with. You should be able to gain peace of mind knowing your case is in capable and professional hands.
Protecting What's Important To You
Attorney Karyn Gimbel Youso of Jacobson Legal Group, S.C., provides thoughtful legal advice and diligent representation in family law matters. As a specialized family law attorney within a well-established law firm, she handles traditional and collaborative divorce, including all related matters such as property division and child custody.
Recognizing the need to help contain client costs, Attorney Youso delegates different tasks to her legal assistant as able, to take advantage of lower billing rates for more mundane tasks. We are aware of the economic toll of divorce, and we strive to provide creative, cost-effective solutions for resolving legal disputes.
Effective Advocacy In Collaborative As Well As Traditional Divorces
We value the low-conflict approach to resolving disputes and will always strive to settle your case in a timely and cost-effective manner. We are trained mediators. By the same token, some cases cannot be resolved except in court. Our extensive litigation experience translates into effective advocacy for clients whose cases proceed to trial.
Contact Us For A Free Consultation · Waukesha County Divorce Law Firm Serving Entire Metro Area
Contact us for straightforward advice and representation tailored to your unique needs. We offer free initial consultations with no further obligation to you. Call 262-780-0460 or fill out the online contact form to schedule an appointment.
Our office is conveniently located off Interstate 94 in Brookfield, Wisconsin. We accept Visa, MasterCard and Discover.


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World Showcase
Valid Park Admission Required
Fine/Signature Dining
When you book a Disney vacation, you may opt to purchase a Magic Your Way Vacation Package that includes one of our Disney Dining Plans. Each dining plan provides a set of entitlements you can redeem at select Walt Disney World dining locations.
Refer to your specific dining plan for the number of entitlements require per person for this location. Ranges mean that entitlements vary based on factors—including seating location, season or time of day. To learn the specific number of entitlements, you can call us at (407) 939-5277, visit a location or check availability online.
Please note: Guests who wish to use their Disney dining plan for dinner shows must book category 2 or 3 seating.
|Disney Quick-Service Dining Plan
|Disney Dining Plan
|Disney Deluxe Dining Plan
Make it an evening to remember at Monsieur Paul, a gourmet restaurant serving classic French cuisine.
Delight in the culture and flavors of France that renowned chef Paul Bocuse has shared with the world for decades.
Formerly Bistro de Paris restaurant in Epcot, Monsieur Paul is recently refurbished and located just upstairs from Les Chefs de France, the other gourmet French restaurant in the France Pavilion.
Here, you'll discover a focused wine list, inventive twists on traditional French dinner and breathtaking views of World Showcase. This is the perfect place to celebrate a special occasion or simply savor delectable cuisine in a serene setting.
Indulge your senses in sophisticated offerings, prepared with the finest of French culinary technique.
The new menu is created by Chef Nicolas Lemoyne, who previously practiced his craft at l'Auberge du Pont de Collonges, the 3-star restaurant from Paul Bocuse.
Here, you'll enjoy the classic dishes and techniques of French cuisine—made with seasonal and local ingredients.
Enjoy an elegant-yet-relaxed approach to French dining.
The décor in this newly refurbished restaurant presents classic French architecture with bright colors and a touch of modern design. If a window-side table becomes available when you arrive, you'll enjoy a unique vantage of Epcot.
Chef Bocuse first opened Les Chefs de France at Epcot in 1982—it was the first Bocuse-affiliated restaurant in America. His son, Jerome Bocuse, owns the company behind Monsieur Paul.
Named Best French Craftsman in 1961 and Chef of the Century in 2011 by the Culinary Institute of America, Chef Bocuse has achieved extraordinary culinary honors throughout his career. He achieved 3 Michelin stars for 48 straight years at his famous Lyon restaurant, Auberge du Pont de Collonges.
And at Monsieur Paul, you can enjoy the classic culinary stylings of Chef Bocuse amid all the magic of Epcot.
Advance reservations are highly recommended and can be made up to 180 days prior to your visit.
Dress Code
In order to preserve the atmosphere of this dining experience, Guests are asked to adhere to the dress code. The minimum dress code is required—and dressier attire is also welcome. Please explore the minimum dress code requirements:
Men must wear khakis, slacks or dress shorts and collared shirts. Jeans may be worn if in good condition. Sport coats are optional.
Women must wear Capri pants, skirts, dresses or dress shorts. Jeans may be worn if in good condition.
Not permitted are tank tops, flip-flops, swimsuits, swimsuit cover-ups, hats for gentlemen, cut-offs, torn clothing and t-shirts with offensive language and/or graphics.
Make a resolution—and a reservation—to ring in 2019 with a meal to remember at Walt Disney World Resort!
On December 31, 2018, celebrate with great food, friends and family at one of these premier Disney dining locations featuring special menus for the occasion:
Tables book quickly. Make your New Year's Eve reservation online today.


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ARIN DNSSEC Changes on 27 April
Posted: Tue, 26 April 2011
ARIN is proud to announce that on 27 April, we will place Delegation Signer (DS) records into in-addr.arpa and ip6.arpa. At that point, DNSSEC validation will occur from the root down if you properly set up your DNSSEC-aware recursive resolver. ARIN's DNSSEC initiative will be considered complete once these DS records are in place.
For most DNSSEC-aware recursive resolver operators, nothing needs to be done for this change to be in effect as long as you have configured your DNSSEC-aware server to use ICANN's Key Signing Key (KSK) for the root zone. For those who have used ARIN's trust anchors (in place since 2 July 2009) to take advantage of DNSSEC before the root or in-addr.arpa was signed, you MUST remove them within the next two months of this date. Otherwise, DNSSEC validation may fail due to a KSK change. Additionally, ARIN will also coordinate with Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. (ISC) to remove ARIN's delegations from their DNSSEC Lookaside Validation (DLV) registry after setting up these records in in-addr.arpa and ip6.arpa.
The DS records will remain the same as the current trust anchor for the next two months. After that time, ARIN will begin rolling a KSK for its authoritative zones, which will cause any DNSSEC-enabled resolvers that use ARIN's statically configured trust anchors to fail
As always, ARIN welcomes community feedback regarding DNSSEC. Subscribe and participate on the firstname.lastname@example.com mailing list if you have questions or comments.
Mark Kosters
Chief Technology Officer
American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN)


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SOURCE: Octus, Inc.
January 13, 2010 11:52 ET
DAVIS, CA--(Marketwire - January 13, 2010) - Octus, Inc. (OTCBB: OCTI), a leading smart energy
efficiency company, today provided guidance for its 2010 business strategy
and market forecast. A presentation concerning the company's expected
business and strategy for 2010 is posted at Octus's web site:
"Going into 2010, we believe that Octus has strong momentum with the
ever-expanding market opportunity for smart energy solutions, in concert
with our recently-announced reserve equity financing facility with AGS
Capital," said Octus CEO Chris Soderquist.
2010 Financial Guidance
On December 16, 2009, Octus announced it secured four smart energy projects
in collaboration with Quantum Energy Solutions, Inc. Octus and Quantum have
developed a pipeline of more than $20 million in potential projects. In
addition Octus anticipates its Smart Energy Products business will initiate
sales in the first quarter of 2010 with the Smart Energy Platform ("Octus
SEP"), a proprietary smart energy efficiency networking platform providing
commercial building managers with critical information needed to
significantly reduce overall energy use and costs, and Wickool, a
proprietary Octus product that has successfully completed product design
testing with two of the largest retailers and currently is in
Business Units
-- Smart Energy PRODUCTS: Integrated, intelligent controls, sensors, energy
management appliances. Estimated gross margins: 60-75%; Availability:
-- Smart Energy PROJECTS: Energy-efficient lighting, HVAC, energy management
and renewable energy projects; utility company programs. Estimated gross
margins: 30-40%; Availability: Today.
-- Smart Energy SERVICES: Software-enabled energy management services;
networked energy intelligence and analytics. Anticipated approximate gross
margins: 90%; Expected availability: Q1/Q2 2010.
Smart Energy Industry Drivers
-- Government stimulus: $37 billion for smart energy
-- Save money: $50 billion annual opportunity (lighting and HVAC energy
-- Electricity prices: Increased escalation equals increasing demand
-- Rebates and incentives: Utility companies assist in distribution of Smart
Energy Products and the execution of projects
-- Smart grid development/investment: $100B+ from U.S. government and
Growth Strategy
1. Strengthen platform: Acquire energy service and smart energy product
companies, diversify products, deliver software-enabled services.
2. Expand distribution: Increase market development, representative
agencies, integration partners, OEMs, and third-party utility company
program administrators.
3. Engage key partners and catalysts: Utilities, project financing,
national HVAC and electrical contractors.
4. Monetize energy intelligence/multiple recurring revenue streams.
About Octus
Octus, Inc. (OTCBB: OCTI) is a leading smart energy company providing
innovative solutions that significantly improve energy management and
reduce electricity costs. Our purpose is to make buildings smart and reduce
energy consumption by 50% or more. We accomplish this through the Octus
Smart Energy Platform (OctusSEP), a portfolio of smart devices, sensors,
network appliances and software-enabled energy management services, and the
implementation of smart energy projects, targeting a $50 billion U.S.
market. Commercialization of OctusSEP is propelled through affiliations
with leading energy institutions, including the California Lighting
Technology Center and the Western Cooling Efficiency Center.
Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains forward-looking statements, including, without
limitation, statements as to financial projections and management's
beliefs, expectations, goals and opinions. The company does not undertake
to update or revise these statements, which are based on a number of
assumptions concerning future conditions that may ultimately prove to be
inaccurate. Future events and their effects on the company may not be those
anticipated, and actual results may differ materially from the results
anticipated in these forward-looking statements. The risks, uncertainties
and factors that could cause or contribute to such material differences are
discussed in the company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2008, and in company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 30, 2009, filed by the company with the Securities
and Exchange Commission, as updated or supplemented from time to time in
subsequent filings. In addition, this press release contains a number of
forward-looking statements concerning anticipated operations for 2010. The
company has only recently become engaged in the smart energy business and
does not have a history of operations on which future results can be based.
Contact:Chris SoderquistOctusEmail Contact530/564-0200http://octusenergy.com
See all RSS Newsfeeds


text:
Become a fan
Johnny Cash Revisited Tickets
Johnny Cash Revisited - Johnny Cash tribute
This tribute show aims to showcase the spirit of Johnny Cash's music by performing some of his best songs as closely as we can get to the manner in which Johnny himself performed them.
No one can ever take his place, but we promise do our best to keep his music alive and, on stage where it belongs.
We are under no illusions. There is only one "Man in Black", Johnny Cash.
Johnny Cash Revisited Dates & Tickets
Sorry, we don't have any Johnny Cash Revisited tickets on sale at the moment.


text:
Aug 3, 2012
Popular mobile action game Temple Run reached a new milestone this week; it has now been downloaded more than 100 million times.
More than 32 million Android users have downloaded the game, developer Imangi Studios says, while more than 68 million have downloaded it on iOS. Over 10 billion sessions of Temple Run have been played since August 2011, equaling a combined time of 54,000 years spent playing the game.
"We never imagined that the game we were making and loved would be so well received around the world,†said Keith Shepherd, co-founder of Imangi Studios. "The last year has been incredible for us, and we are grateful to fans of the game. We hope to be able to provide them with more entertainment from the brand for years to come.â€
In June 2012, Imangi teamed up with Disney Pixar to launch a Temple Run: Brave movie tie-in that is currently one of Google Play's top paid apps.
Temple Run's 100 million downloads milestone comes in the same week as the game's one year anniversary on iOS.


text: Sorry, good point.. Sent the message a little too fast. I am trying to compile the linux drivers from Agere Systems for wireless pc cards... Brgds -----Original Message----- From: fedora-devel-list-bounces redhat com [mailto:fedora-devel-list-bounces redhat com] On Behalf Of fedora-devel-list- Message: 16 Date: Mon, 30 Jan 2006 19:04:29 +1100 From: David Woodhouse <dwmw2 infradead org> Subject: Re: Compiling pcmcia drivers... To: Development discussions related to Fedora Core <fedora-devel-list redhat com> Message-ID: <1138608269 23965 2 camel localhost localdomain> Content-Type: text/plain On Mon, 2006-01-30 at 08:26 +0100, Thomas Fischer wrote: > I need to compile a specific version of a card driver for a PCMCIA driver. The > soruce code requires that I use the pcmcia-cs source package. > > Where can I find a version that is compatible with the current kernel version? I don't believe there is one. > IS there another solution I am not aware of, if so could someon explain? It's somewhat difficult given that you haven't told us _which_ driver you're trying to build, or why... -- dwmw2 ------------------------------


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Archive - Jul 4, 2011
Music Mundy – Fourth of July – Bruce Springsteen playing Woody Guthrie's This Land is Your LandSubmitted by Aldon Hynes on Mon, 07/04/2011 - 09:41
This morning a friend posted a link to a YouTube video of Bruce Springsteen playing Woody Guthrie' "This Land is Your Land".
Guthrie wrote this song in response to the jingoistic "God Bless America", and included some fairly pointed verses that often get left out at elementary school assemblies. Springsteen highlights one of those verses:
In the shadow of the steeple I saw my people,
By the relief office I seen my people;
As they stood there hungry, I stood there asking
Is this land made for you and me?
This Fourth of July, Congress has been asked to stay in Washington to address the debt ceiling, something the Republicans repeatedly voted to increase under President Bush but are refusing to do under President Obama. The key sticking point is their refusal to ask those who have benefited most from the American Dream to help out those less fortunate. It seems as if they are abandoning the very American principles that helped make this country great, the dream of a better life, equal opportunity to everyone, and a willingness to help the less fortunate.
How do we understand this? It is sort of like the story of the man who ran up the credit card debt buying a bunch of guns. Later, his son got laid off, and his wife added to the debt trying to help the son. The man told his wife, that unless she stops spending so much on the son, he would make sure that the credit card bills do not get paid, forcing them into default and bankruptcy.
Already, S&P has lowered the U.S. credit rating outlook, and now they'll drop the U.S. debt rating from AAA to D in August if the debt ceiling is not raised.
It seems like the credit agencies ought to be looking at something similar, with an across the board cut it the credit score of any congressperson who refuses to raise the debt ceiling with no strings attached., to be followed by lowering the credit score to the equivalent of bankruptcy of every congressperson who holds to that position if the country does, in fact, get forced into default on August 4th by their actions.
But back to the song: Woody Guthrie's son, Arlo Guthrie wrote a famous song, "Alice's Restaurant", about the draft years ago. As part of a monologue incorporated into the song, he says,
And friends, somewhere in Washington enshrined in some little folder, is a study in black and white of my fingerprints. And the only reason I'm singing you this song now is cause you may know somebody in a similar situation, or you may be in a similar situation, and if your in a situation like that there's only one thing you can do and that's walk into the shrink wherever you are, just walk in say "Shrink, You can get anything you want, at Alice's restaurant.". And walk out. You know, if one person, just one person does it they may think he's really sick and they won't take him. And if two people, two people do it, in harmony, they may think they're both faggots and they won't take either of them.
And three people do it, three, can you imagine, three people walking in singin a bar of Alice's Restaurant and walking out. They may think it's an organization. And can you, can you imagine fifty people a day, I said fifty people a day walking in singin a bar of Alice's Restaurant and walking out. And friends they may thinks it's a movement.
And that's what it is, the Alice's Restaurant Anti-Massacre Movement, and all you got to do to join is sing it the next time it come's around on the guitar.
With feeling. So we'll wait for it to come around on the guitar, here and sing it when it does. Here it comes.
Well, maybe that's what we need right now, the Alice's Restaurant Anti-Default Movement. Well, there isn't a draft board to sing this to, but there are Facebook pages. So…
Can you imagine fifty people a day, posting on their Facebook wall Bruce Springsteen singing Arlo's dad's song about this land being for all of us, and not just the corporate jet owners?
In the shadow of the steeple I saw my people,
By the relief office I seen my people;
As they stood there hungry, I stood there asking
Is this land made for you and me?
- Aldon Hynes's blog
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text:
Kent to use speed cameras to stop lead-footers near schools
KENT, Wash. - The city of Kent, which has shunned traffic cameras in the past, has reversed course and is installing its first cameras ever to maintain safety around two elementary schools.
Matt Maitland, the young father of a boy who attends one of those schools says he's thrilled with the addition since he said he sees lots of drivers speeding by the school.
Maitland takes no chances with his son's safety, walking him to Neely-O'Brien Elementary every day. The school is in a very densely populated area, surrounded with apartment buildings and condominiums. And it's not just perception that drivers have a lead food here.
Kent Police Chief Ken Thomas said they did a full speed study at several schools in the Kent School District and found some cars going more than double the speed limit.
"When the speed limit was 20 mph we had a car, at least a few cars going over 50 mph and one was going 58," Thomas said.
The speed study also found major offenders around Sunrise Elementary school.
Thomas said this data helped convince city leaders that something needed to be done. They chose to install school speed zone cameras at both Neely-O'Brien and Sunrise.
Thomas made it clear this is not designed as a revenue-generating project, but as a way to keep kids safe.
"When you deal with elementary age kids, they're just unpredictable and if you're not paying attention and then they walk out there's not much chance for that child," Thomas said.
Research proves it. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration found about 5 perecent of pedestrians hit at 20 mph would die. But if you up the speed of the vehicle to 30 mph, the rate of death climbs to 40 percent. At 40 mph, it's 80 percent and nearly all pedestrians hit at 50 mph would die.
Liz Cross lives across the street from Neely-O'Brien where two of her children are in school and where she said she sees drivers speeding by.
"It's ridiculous we're happy we live here we're glad that it will slow them down," Cross said.
Now that the cameras are installed, Cross said she's noticed a few people slowing down and more likely will now that warnings are going out.
Drivers get a grace period for the next month, but when the kids return from winter break on Jan. 6, tickets start going out. The cameras snap a photo, Kent officers review it and then tickets are issued. Speeding up to 10 miles over the 20 mph hour limit will get you a $124 ticket. Above that, and it's a $248 ticket.


text:
Death to Obfuscation!
The latest blizzard socked us pretty hard here in New England. If the streets and runways are clear enough tomorrow, I will be attending a conference called ScienceOnline in North Carolina for the next few days. One of the sessions I'm supposed to moderate is called "Death to Obfuscation." Ed Yong and I concocted it as a workshop in which we would share our thoughts on good science writing. I'm going to lay out some of my thoughts here in advance, partly to clarify what I'm going to say–Ed and I are a bit nervous that what we thought would be a pretty basic session has exploded into a 60+-person crush, infiltrated by seasoned journalists. And if, on Friday, I'm still stranded here, the whole undertaking won't have been a complete waste…
Good science writing is some of the most interesting stuff on Earth to read. Bad science writing is the most painful. There are many things that determine whether a piece of science writing is good or bad, but I can sort them into four rough categories: words, sentences, paragraphs, and stories. Good science writing demands lots of care and inventiveness at all these scales.
After a few years of teaching science writing, I've started to ban certain words from my class. I add new words to my list on a regular basis, as they make unwelcome appearances in assignments. I may seem obsessively picky, but I hope through my pickiness, my students learn that every word can make a difference to their story. This lesson is especially crucial for scientists, most of whom are not accustomed to writing for a broad audience. Starting in college, scientists get accustomed to using scientific jargon. It's how they impress their professors. It's how they get taken seriously. Pretty soon, they start thinking that everybody knows what interferometry is.
But you're actually writing for everybody–not everybody in your lab, who have been living and breathing this stuff for their adult life–but everybody who might be possibly enthralled with this research, if only they didn't have to read a monograph on the subject.
This realization can produce a surprising bitterness, I find.
"Isn't this dumbing down?"
"Aren't we trying to teach our readers something?"
"Can't people use a dictionary?"
It's one thing to use a dictionary. It's quite another to actually understand all the concepts lurking behind a word like interferometry. Look it up online and you may find, "the technique of diagnosing the properties of two or more waves by studying the pattern of interference created by their superposition." Rather than doing the writer's work–in this case, elegantly explaining how interferometry actually works–you dispatch your poor reader to the quicksand of a useless definition. Believe it or not, it really is possible to write well about even the most difficult sciences, with a minimum of jargon. Just consider all the pieces of jargon Bill Bryson did not use while writing this lovely piece on particle physics.
Oddly, scientists are so fond of jargon that they even make jargon out of words that are not, in fact, jargon–that is, they do not refer specifically to some piece of equipment, some laboratory method, some chemical process. For instance, many scientist think it makes perfect sense to write, "Recently chemists have discovered an interesting property of molecule X,"–when, in fact, by "recently," they mean nine years ago. By that logic, I could write, "Recently my oldest daughter was born," when, in fact, my daughter now takes ballet lessons and likes making star charts. Sometimes people seem to choose a technical-sounding word as if it was their sole mission to drain as much life as possible out of a piece of writing–"utilize" instead of "use," for example.
Using these sorts of words is lazy. Rather than searching for a surprisingly apt word, a word that delights and informs, beginning writers fall back too often on what they've heard again and again. And while scientists may be particularly prone to fall back on their own mother tongue, everyone can be tempted by all-purpose cliches. Telling me that a piece of research is a "breakthrough" is unforgivable, unless you're writing about the discovery of calculus or something of equal significance. If not, then show me why a discovery is important, rather than telling me with an empty word.
Just as words demand care in selection, sentences demand care in construction. The right length and lilt of a sentence will let your reader take your meaning from it, and take it with pleasure. If your sentence meanders on like a verbal train travelling the Great Plains, made up of as many boxcars as you care to click together, the reader will lose patience, wondering what the point of the sentence is. It probably should be a paragraph instead.
You should also think about whether you're writing sentences in the active or passive voice. Scientists have a fierce passion for the passive voice. I suspect it has to do with the abject humility that they claim as a virtue of their profession. No one has the temerity to actually write, "We discovered X." Instead, "X was discovered."
While the ethics here may be fine, they make for terrible writing. The action of the story diffuses away into wisps of abstraction. Someone has to actually dig up a fossil. Someone has to find a supernova (or at least program the computer that finds it). Scientists use tools to do these things: hammers, telescopes. The passive voice lets you avoid thinking about who is doing what, and how. It is, like jargon, lazy. So I force students to avoid it as much as possible, so they can start to learn how to do the challenging work of building up a story.
Just as sentences are not words casually linked together, paragraphs are not just a random package of sentences. When we start a paragraph, we should know what we're in for, and the paragraph should live up to that promise. It should not meander from subject to subject. And the link from one paragraph to another must be obvious and inescapable. While the connection from one paragraph to the next may be clear in your mind, the rest of us are not gifted with telepathy. Show us the link. In trying to do so, you may well discover that there is none. In fact, you may discover that you can delete a paragraph without disturbing the overall story at all. If that's true, leave it out.
Finally, we come to the story as a whole. As you dive deeper and deeper into the guts of a story, it's remarkably easy to forget the anatomy that a story needs: a beginning, a middle, and an end. The beginning has to tell us what the story will be about. Here's what the writer of the tome I hold in the photograph above wrote recently about good leads:
They should never promise what does not follow. You read an exciting action lead about a car chase up a narrow street. Then the article turns out to be a financial analysis of debt structures in private universities. You've been had. The lead, like the title, should be a flashlight that shines down into the story.
A lead is a promise. It promises that the piece of writing is going to be like this. If it is not going to be so, don't use the lead. A lead is good not because it dances, fires cannons or whistles like a train, but because it is absolute to what follows.
But in order for a lead to be absolute to what follows, I'd add, what follows must be absolute to the lead. Do not forget what you have promised; do not get seduced midway by another story. The story needs to move forward from your lead to its closing, hewing as closely as possible to chronology. Dance around the timeline, and your reader will get dizzy.
I'd love to know what McPhee has to say about ending a piece. That's the hardest part, I find. It's always tempting to end with a variation on, "Further research is needed." But that's a truism. When isn't it needed, after all? And what scientist would willingly say, in effect, "I'm closing down my lab–my work here is done, folks!"?
An ending has to make us understand why this trip has been worthwhile–perhaps with a surprising implication that we might not have thought of before we read the article. Sometimes, though, the best way to end a story is just to bid your characters farewell as they go on with life, with a gesture or an observation. When I was starting out as a science writer at Discover, I came across an ending that I can still recall. It's the ending of "Between Home and the Abyss," written by Robert Kunzig, who was a senior editor at the time. Kunzig describes an expedition of a deep-sea research ship called Atlantis II. (It won an award from the American Geophysical Union, by the way.)
The expedition, led by Rich Lutz of Rutgers, was pretty lousy, pocked with glitches and empty hauls. Kunzig did not say further research is needed. Instead, he wrote this:
Lutz's project, this Magical Mystery Tour, had not ended well, despite all its previous successes and all the insights that would yet emerge from the material Lutz already had in his lab. Back in New Jersey the plan for the cruise had seemed straightforward. The plan was to go to known sites and collect animals that were known to be there. It should have been like going to the supermarket, not like stalking the snow leopard. But circumstances had intervened. Something usually does when you're working in the deep sea. Nothing is ever easy.
As Lutz sat in the officers' mess that night, picking quietly at a late dinner, the ship was steaming toward the dock in Astoria, at the mouth of the Columbia River. There it would exchange Lutz and his colleagues for the next group of researchers. Landfall came just after dawn, at a forested spit of land squeezed between the surf line and a bank of fog. The place was called Cape Disappointment.
[Update: Did I forget to say that proofreading is important too? Sorry about the typos. I hope I've fixed them all. Also, Kunzig link fixed]
Comments (45)
Links to this Post
- A brief note on writing « Scatterbrained | January 13, 2011
- A layman reading an apprentice's books « Neuromancy | January 23, 2011
- Of use of the active voice by scientists | Code for Life | February 10, 2011
- Communicating with students: watch your language! | March 1, 2011
What photo are you referring to when you say "Here's what the writer of the tome I hold in the photograph recently wrote about good leads" ?? There is no photo of you in the article above!
A Frustrated Proofreader
Sorry, I finally realized that was a book in the photo — at first it looked like a sign in front of a building….
Your 'Home and the Abyss' link is broken. Correct URL is: http://discovermagazine.com/1993/dec/betweenhomeandth318
[CZ: Fixed. Thanks.]
check this article out
How to write consistently boring scientific literature
Kaj Sand-Jensen
It probably should be a paragraph instead.
This should have been preceded by a colon, not a full stop, just to please the pedants.
Thanks. I enjoyed reading this & will try to do as you suggest here in my own science writing.
Omg, I started in this article last night, good observings, then i came to your link "between home and the abyss" and i fell asleep in the middle of that story, here this morning, i have read both. I see what you mean about good endings and by avoiding scientific words – in webdevelopment we call it polish, the last 10% so the final product reaches 110%, makes good "usability" : )
Thank you for sharing your thoughts on good science writing. Enlightening! (This is not one of your "banned words", is it?)
[CZ: I don't have a problem with it, but please remember, my last name is not Webster.]
Great post. I had to laugh at the "recently" comment, having just written a proposal where I pulled out "recently" to refer to a 5 year old article. Thinking a bit further about your guidelines for good science writing, I think that technical writing in general could be improved by following the same guidelines. I usually find journal articles a tough go, even knowing what the jargon means; the passive voice, the lazy choice of words, etc. But then again, I've been knocked professionally (by reviewers) for my writing being "too conversational," so I'm not sure this sentiment is shared by other scientists. Of course, I'm don't mean to imply that my papers and proposals aren't saturated with these errors. I've used about every word on the banned list 1000 times over—and that's only been this week. Do you have any opinions on whether these guidelines should (or could) be applied to, say, writing a journal article?
Because literally, this would greatly elucidate how scientists utilize multiple methodologies, facilitating novel breakthroughs and paradigm shifts.
[CZ: I would suggest that people writing a journal article should at least consider whether they could use less technical words, so as to avoid writing like a zombie. I also think that three-page paragraphs are awful, whether they appear in a magazine or in a scientific journal.]
Man, it must have been interesting growing up in such a brainy family with the Zimmer boys. Was it competitive or congenial? You guys are both so smart, funny and good writers. I often wonder the same thing about the Gopnik family: famous writier Adam, brother and writer Blake, and scientist and writer Alison along with others.
My brother and I aren't dummies but were more likely to be laughing at cartoons or re-creating kung-fu movie moves than debating scientific method or turns of phrase.
Great post, thanks.
A few thoughts on scientific writing:
1. It's the ideas that count. Putting ideas into words is hard. Sometimes — often? — it helps you, the writer, develop ideas.
2. Avoid writing 'murder mysteries'. That is, tell the reader where you are going. Don't let it be a surprise. The 'murder mystery' approach makes the writer seem brilliant, but leaves the reader confused and feeling dumb.
3. Avoiding 'passive voice' is good advice, but passive voice can't be avoided in methods sections.
4. Avoid noun modifiers and long adjectival phrases. Hyphenating can help.
5. Using headings.
6. Use figures, especially figures that help explain ideas. (videos too).
7. Simple phrases the encapsulate ideas are terrific.
8. Use analogies.
Good advice… but I'm still keeping the word 'mechanism'. Just sayin'.
Carl Zimmer — Somewhere I read an article about determining that body lice evolved from head lice about 176,000 years ago. I would muchly like to read your take on this discovery. Thanks in advance.
I wonder whether one should start with some popular pieces of science writing and try to extract common elements, if any, from them. The article 'The Itch" by Atul Gawande
does not seem to conform to the above advice but seems excellent to me .
About writing research papers carefully, there is this story of Rao-Blckwellization from
"When Rao wrote to Lindley pointing out his priority, Lindley replied, "Yes, I read your paper. Although the result was in your paper, you did not realize its importance because you did not mention it in the introduction to your paper." Rao replied, saying that it was his first full-length paper and that he did not know that the introduction is written for the benefit of those who read only the introduction and do not go through the paper! "
Thanks for the John McPhee references and especially the picture of _Annals of the Former World_. I only discovered the book about 10 years ago, but at about the same time I made a couple of flights across the country. To look down on the Basin and Range and realize how it was formed, as well as how we know how it was formed, was a profound pleasure.
Great entry! I am always reinvigorated about my own writing after I read your advice.
Now I want to ask your opinion about something I've gone back and forth with my own editors about: how much do you use constructions like, "Below I will discuss the meaning of life, followed by examples of the way life hands you lemons. Then I will conclude with a fantastic lemonade recipe."
Obviously this is exaggerated, but my question is whether you think it's stilted, too academic, or just fine to explicitly flag the reader with what's going to happen next.
My technical writing professor specifically instructed us to use the passive voice. We'd lose points for saying "I did" or "We did" something. My brothers, at a different university, had the same type of instruction.
[CZ: We are talking about two different types of writing, then…]
Yes, I realize it's two different types of writing. You're talking of writing for a general audience, while my professor was instructing us to write for a technical audience. I was only trying to point out one reason why scientists and engineers are so prone to use the passive voice – we've been trained to.
Dear Carl,
It may be the case in the empirical sciences that things like this must be eschewed, but in mathematics, I don't think that the same prohibitions can be made in good conscience. The fact is, the general public is completely misinformed about what mathematicians do and completely ill-equipped to read even an introductory-level essay about a mathematical topic. I think that the crux of the problem is that in most of the sciences, the jargon can be explained in terms of real-world concepts.
For that reason, I propose two different levels of jargon: "Real jargon" and "honest terminology", where "real jargon" can be defined with one or two levels removed from the layperson's knowledge, while "honest terminology" would require a 20 page digression to even get to the concept.
For instance, how do I explain the concept of a simplicial simplicial set to a layperson? There are several ways to define it, and taking the easiest:
A simplicial set is a sequence of sets (S_0, S_1, …) together with the data of functions between the sets (specifics omitted)… satisfying the simplicial identities (omitted)…
Even then, to make something of this definition, we must then explain the concepts of functions and sets, which are, surprisingly, not well-understood by laypeople.
And that's just for the simplest definition. It adds none of the intuition we would like to have, namely that the sets should be considered as sets of oriented n-dimensional triangles (n-simplices), and the functions between those sets send an n-simplex to either one of its faces (an n-1 simplex via a "face map") or to a degenerate n+1-simplex (via a "degeneracy map").
Interferometry seems simple to define in the face of this rather routine piece of mathematical definition-smithing. This is because it is based on empirical phenomena, where, even if the reader doesn't completely understand the phenomenon of interference, he still probably has a rough idea of what it is.
Maybe a science writer like yourself could weigh in on this conundrum?
Additional moguls and ice on that Black Diamond trail: not only are the concepts of mathematics difficult to explain, but also the connections among them are hard to convey. The mathematician or the physicist goes from A to B using mathematical argumentation, showing that this statement is equivalent to that other one, adopting a model from this area and modifying it to work in another field. But the reason why statement A is equivalent to statement B is completely opaque if you can't follow the chain of logical transformations. ("Wait, why is a bottle of boiling water like a magnet? Why is a black hole a useful picture for a high-temperature superconductor? Argh!")
The layman searches for book after book in the hope that he will avoid the complexities which ultimately set in, even with the best expositor of this type. He finds as he reads a generally increasing confusion: one complicated statement after another, one difficult-to-understand thing after another, all apparently disconnected from one another. It becomes obscure, and he hopes that maybe in some other book there is some explanation. . . . The author almost made it — maybe another fellow will make it right.
— Richard Feynman, The Character of Physical Law (1964)
I like popular expositions of mathematics and physics; I grew up reading them ravenously. So, I speak from personal experience when I say that, though they can stimulate curiosity and transfer some degree of knowledge, they can also produce a great frustration. That poor layperson Feynman was talking about? That was me, circa sixth grade through freshman year of university. I loved the books, but they didn't tell me how to tie it all together or where I needed to go next.
Another observation along these lines:
The trouble is that physical theories are not like novels: rather, they consist of an intricate logical structure in which technical terms have precise meanings (which differ subtly but crucially from the everyday English senses of the same words); and it is hopeless to try to isolate the philosophical "themes" of a theory that you understand only at the level of metaphor. (For example, one non-scientist friend asked me, quite reasonably: Isn't it contradictory for quantum mechanics to exhibit both discontinuity and interconnectedness? Aren't these opposites? The brief answer is: quantum mechanics exhibits "discontinuity" and "interconnectedness" in very specific senses — which require a mathematical understanding of the theory to make precise — and these senses are in no way logically contradictory.)
— Alan Sokal, Beyond the Hoax (2008), p. 12.
When unchecked, this problem leads to what I call Gell-Mann's Law.
It seems to be characteristic of the impact of scientific discovery on the literary world and on popular culture that certain items of vocabulary, interpreted vaguely or incorrectly, are often the principal survivors of the journey from the technical publication to the popular magazine or paperback. The important qualifications and distinctions, and sometimes the actual ideas themselves, tend to get lost along the way. Witness the popular uses of "ecology" and "quantum jump," to say nothing of the New Age expression "energy field." Of course, one can argue that words like "chaos" and "energy" antedate their use as technical terms, but it is the technical meanings that are being distorted in the process of vulgarization, not the original senses of the words.
— Murray Gell-Mann, The Quark and the Jaguar (1994)
Carl, fpqc: Excellent discussion, I particularly enjoy the phrase "Black Diamond science writing." [http://www.amazon.com/Fearless-Symmetry-Exposing-Patterns-Numbers/dp/0691124922 Fearless Symmetry], is perhaps my favorite example, Andrew Wiles and Fermat's Last Theorem, a realm of abstract mathematics recently inaccessible even to the world's best mathematicians.
However, it seems the discussion hasn't really addressed the practical value in which good jargon can be used to express an idea much more succinctly and precisely than a jargon free explanation. An equation is perhaps the penultimate form of jargon, but once familiar it becomes like a good picture — better than 1000 words. Actually many good scientific figures are like this too: jargon that is powerful to express an idea only to the trained eye, but look like nonsense to the untrained eye.
So black diamond science writing is when you must teach the jargon?
Another complication in writing for a general audience about mathematics is that — unlike most of science — it isn't always immediately relevant to anything outside of mathematics.
Just as sentences are not words casually linked together, paragraphs are not just a random package of sentences. When we start a paragraph, we should know what we're in for, and the paragraph should live up to that promise. It should not meander from subject to subject. And the link from one paragraph to another must be obvious and inescapable.
Interestingly, McPhee's writing often doesn't follow this advice. He doesn't connect the dots for you: the connection from sentence to sentence and paragraph to paragraph isn't always immediately apparent. Nor, especially in his longer pieces, from section to section.
His technique is almost pointillistic. But the points aren't all there simultaneously. They appear one at a time; first over here, then one up over there, a third down in the corner, another one somewhere else, until gradually the picture starts to fill in.
[CZ: It's not wise to try to become McPhee in the first few months of trying to be a writer. First come the basics. Think of Picasso–masterful figurative art came before the Cubism. ]
Dear Carl,
Thanks for the prompt and engaging response! I really appreciate it! However, I feel that I would be remiss if I didn't bring up an objection about the book that you linked: Probably eighty to ninenty percent of pure mathematics done today does not feature calculus or probability theoy in any sort of central role (although the techniques from calculus are often used with impunity).
For instance, I do research on the homotopy theory of simplicial sets. Here is how I've tried to describe what I do in the past (to little success): A simplicial set (originally called a CSS complex) is a combinatorial device discovered in the 1940s and 1950s by Saunders Mac Lane and Sammy Eilenberg that allows us to give a sort of discretized homotopy theory (think of covering up a space by all possible configurations of simplices, and take this collection of simplices (along with the data of their orientations) to be a combinatorial object (this concept is extremely difficult to grok, but it's something that we mathematicians use all the time)).
However, work of Boardman and Vogt realized not only that such objects could model spaces, but also could be used to give a "homotopy-coherent" version of the diagram calculus of category theory. The way they achieved this was to raise the bar for what it meant for two simplicial sets to be equivalent.
Their solution was to realize the classical homotopy theory of simplicial sets as a "localization" of their new homotopy theory….
et cetera…
My explanation requires at least basic knowledge of two areas that are considered extremely abstract and technical: category theory and homotopy theory. These are subjects about which most laypeople have never even heard, let alone studied. It's so far removed to the ordinary experience, and involves the infinite even in its definition. For instance, any Kan complex, which is a simplicial set that has certain properties that make it extremely useful for computing the homotopy theory of spaces, has an infinite number of nondegenerate (nontrivial) higher simplices, which track all possible concatenations of edges, as well as which concatenations of edges admit a filler.
Should I just give up trying to talk to laypeople?
A worthwhile read for any chemist, at least, is a book titled "The Chemists' English." It also addresses the topic of writing clearly, through the amusing device of likening English grammar to chemical bonds and reactions.
As a high school teacher turned full-time dad, I have tremendous appreciation for the ease of producing bad writing and the difficulty of training good writing, especially when the conventions differ from one discipline to the next.
My explanation requires at least basic knowledge of two areas that are considered extremely abstract and technical: category theory and homotopy theory. These are subjects about which most laypeople have never even heard, let alone studied. It's so far removed to the ordinary experience, and involves the infinite even in its definition.
As CZ said, basics first. Instead of explaining your own current research, can you explain what category theory is and why one should care about it? Instead of explaining category theory for people browsing the science shelf at Barnes-and-Borders-A-Million, can you explain it to students who've had a term of calculus? Science and mathematics could benefit from better exposition at all audience levels.
I am late to this discussion but would respond to fpqc with a story told me by a UC-Santa Barbara mathematician, Bisi Agboola. Bisi works in advanced topologies and other types of high mathematics. Does he just give up and assume because he can't use jargon, no layperson can ever understand the gist of what he does for a living? No, although it does make things more challenging. It's not typical cocktail party conversation, but when someone asks what he studies at a cocktail party he says, "Look. Give me 20 minutes of your time and attention, and I promise you, at the end of that 20 minutes, you will have some basic grasp of what I study." He doesn't get 100% takers on this offer. But when he does, it always goes well.
He can do this because Bisi has thought deeply and worked very, very hard to come up with non-jargon-filled, metaphor- and analogy-rich descriptions of his work. He takes the time to introduce and carefully define, in laymen's terms, those concepts/jargon that must be part of the explanation, and gently walks his listeners through each step, answering any questions along the way. As Blake Stacey points out, Feynman was a master at this. But even he was hardly infallible; not everything he wrote was for a lay audience, or precocious 6th graders like Blake. (Which is fine, BTW. Not everything has to be. But we're talking about whether it's even possible. And I say that it is.)
fpqc's comment at #27 is a prime example of what NOT to do — and I recognize he wasn't even attempting to put things in a way a lay person could understand. But that's the problem, isn't it? Imagine how little would have been accomplished in mathematics if those same folks had made the assumption that certain things just couldn't be done and that's that.
I don't buy this "Well, you can maybe do it for calculus and probability but there's no way you could do it for the hugely important and fancy math that _I_ do for a living" argument. It's not easy, I'll grant you that. Someone like me would need to study for years before even attempting it. But… really, fpqc? You can;t think of _any other phrases_ to use besides "discretized homotopy theory"? There is absolutely no other option than to talk about "concatenations of edges"? Would it kill you to carefully define what is meant by a combinatorial device, category theory, and simplicial sets, to give your listeners a framework for the discussion? Is there honestly absolutely nothing in anyone's life experience than can be used as a rough analogy for your advanced concepts? I highly doubt it. You don't notice the jargon because it MEANS something to you, a specialist's shorthand. The trick is to bring your audience to the point where those words now mean something to THEM. It can be done. That part is just a vocabulary problem.
Good communication is very, very hard, particularly when it comes to advanced math and science (although really, any discipline's jargon is just as daunting — checked out literary criticism lately?). It's a demanding discipline in its own right, and giving up too soon and concluding something can't be done is — well, a bit like my former math-phobic self giving up too soon on math and concluding it just wasn't my thing. We "laypeople" [and that is a loaded term in its own right, implying a sort of divine priesthood of pure mathematics] are not all stupid. Some of us are actually quite tenacious and may WANT to understand. We really appreciate it when we meet folks like Bisi who are equally tenacious in finding ways to improve our understanding.
@fpwc: I think there's advice to be taken from the old maxim: know your audience. What audience needs to know about the specific details of your work in simplicial homotopy theory? If you're talking to other topologists (such as myself), you're probably mostly good to go . But since the original article seems mostly concerned with communicating to a broad audience, I agree that they won't have the necessary background to appreciate the details, and so why give those details?
I admit that it's frustrating to not be able to communicate precisely what we do, but there is some satisfaction to be had in walking out to where the audience is and bringing them at least a little bit of the way. When people ask me what topology is, I usually start by reminding them that in geometry they learned about squares and circles and triangles and that size and length mattered. Then I tell them that in topology we don't worry about size and length and angles and that to us those are all equivalent things. Then to give them an example of what I mean by that, I talk a little about knots and how a topologist only really cares about how the knot is knotted and not how long the piece of string is. Most people appreciate these concepts. When they ask me what that's good for, I say a little about protein knotting. Does all of this have anything to do with what I do? Not really. But telling "lay people" that I do work on the intersection homology of high-dimensional stratified spaces is a quick way to end a conversation. If you really want to tell people what it is you do, you're going to have to build a bridge with analogy.
So maybe the short answer to your question about whether or not to give up on talking to lay people is yes and no: you shouldn't give up talking to lay people about mathematics, but perhaps getting lay people up to speed on your research work is too big a task and an unnecessary one. Don't give them what you do – give them an idea of what you do. If it's a longterm relationship, build up to the details.
Dear Greg,
Yes, when I try to explain things to actual laypeople, I start with the notion of triangulating polyhedra, then non-triangulable spaces, singular complexes, etc., but to even get them that far is a huge challenge. When people ask me what it's good for, though, I say a little bit about 3d modeling and animation, but I feel like I'm not being completely genuine when I cite that example.
Dear Jennifer,
I think that if I expanded out each and every one of my jargon terms, I'd be forced past any sort of page limit. My problem is that not only do people not share a reference frame with me, but they often don't know enough to make anything out of anything defined algebraically. I could draw things on a blackboard and maybe get the audience to understand what I mean, but not in any sort of useful way.
Dear Jennifer,
For instance, here is Greg Friedman's illustrated introduction to simplicial sets (which is excellent, by the way) http://faculty.tcu.edu/gfriedman/papers/simp.pdf , but it's written for math students, and even still, it's 50 pages long!
I think that calculus, some probability theory, some number theory, and some combinatorics might be accessible to laypeople given the right presentation, but there is a certain boundary in mathematics, which delineates "how far you can get doing mathematics on the side" and "how far you can get doing mathematics as your main area of study".
Anyway, Carl, since you've written all of these biology books, you should write a math book for us! We've been awfully patient! Maybe you can show us how it's done! =)!
Aw, Carl, you've gotta walk before you can run! I mean, the surreal numbers are an extremely technical subject that practically nobody uses! You could try writing a popular book or even an article on category theory, which is becoming increasingly important in physics and is really something like the foundation of modern algebra, topology, and geometry (disclaimer: not everyone agrees with this statement). I'm not going to brow beat you any further, but I'm just going to give you a vote of confidence!
Your most humble of servants,
Jennifer Ouellette wrote: "…The trick is to bring your audience to the point where those words now mean something to THEM. It can be done. That part is just a vocabulary problem."
Beyond vocabulary, one aspect of talking about mathematics that I often see overlooked has to do with the value of ideas to different individuals in different fields. Often that value doesn't carry over from one field to the next, or a general audience (and the change can go both ways, lest you think math is always less valuable outside of mathematics!). That matters a lot to how things are framed and described.
It's been my experience that many mathematicians have only a foggy notion of the potential value of their work outside of mathematics, and that can greatly hinder their ability to give a good "cocktail party" summary of what it is they do. Furthermore, the (many) mathematicians that do work on something of value in other areas are often poorly equipped to translate what it is that they do and why that has value to an audience of non-mathematicians.
Being able to eloquently interpret mathematical questions and results into some other context with different values, objects, processes and questions is often a very difficult thing to do. In most mathematics programs, nobody is taught how to translate "mathematical question and it's mathematical answer" into "science question and science answer" as this is a substantially difficult thing to do in many cases — especially when you also need to explain the science Q&A to a general audience.
So it seems then that writing about mathematics requires three levels of insight: 1) knowing the relevant mathematics, 2) understanding how to interpret the results into some non-math context, and 3) knowing why any of that matters to your audience.
[PS: Just so people know where I'm coming from here, I'm currently finishing up an applied mathematics PhD, with a heavy biology/ecology background.]
With online articles it is simple to define terms with html/css popups. Also there are resources like dictionary.reference.com. imho, people and organizations that do an excellent job explaining technical material of all sorts: PBS and Nova, Scientific America (hosted by Alan Alda) Frontline; Simon Singh, who wrote "Fermat's Last Theorem"; plus.maths.org; John Allen Paulos. Science is competing with a lot of other media forces and demands on people's time.
Jennifer Ouellette wrote: "…The trick is to bring your audience to the point where those words now mean something to THEM. It can be done. That part is just a vocabulary problem."
Beyond vocabulary, one aspect of talking about mathematics that I often see overlooked has to do with the value of ideas to different individuals in different fields. Often that value doesn't carry over from one field to the next, or a general audience (and the change can go both ways, lest you think math is always less valuable outside of mathematics!). That matters a lot to how things are framed and described.
It's been my experience that many mathematicians have only a foggy notion of the potential value of their work outside of mathematics, and that can greatly hinder their ability to give a good "cocktail party" summary of what it is they do. Furthermore, the (many) mathematicians that do work on something of value in other areas are often poorly equipped to translate what it is that they do and why that has value to an audience of non-mathematicians.
Being able to eloquently interpret mathematical questions and results into some other context with different values, objects, processes and questions is often a very difficult thing to do. In most mathematics programs, nobody is taught how to translate "mathematical question and it's mathematical answer" into "science question and science answer" as this is a substantially difficult thing to do in many cases — especially when you also need to explain the science Q&A to a general audience.
So it seems then that writing about mathematics requires three levels of insight: 1) knowing the relevant mathematics, 2) understanding how to interpret the results into some non-math context, and 3) knowing why any of that matters to your audience.
[PS: Just so people know where I'm coming from here, I'm currently finishing up an applied mathematics PhD, with a heavy biology/ecology background.]
I mean, the surreal numbers are an extremely technical subject that practically nobody uses!
The "Wow! Zowee!" factor of surreal numbers is much higher than their "you need to know this to work in applied mathematics" index.
Dear Blake, I mean something far more substantial: Among mathematicians, even, the surreal numbers are something of an odd man out. They lack the connections to other subjects of mathematics that delight mathematicians. For instance, there is a very deep relationship between the algebraic theory of numbers and the theory of algebraic geometry. Algebraic geometry can then be seen through the lens of algebraic topology and vice-versa. Galois theory becomes a special case of the theory of the étale fundamental group, and Galois cohomology is precisely the étale cohomology of fields in algebraic geometry. Methods are applicable backwards and forwards and all over. For instance, Quillen's proof of the Quillen-Suslin theorem (at one point called Serre's conjecture) considers chain complexes of modules as topological objects and uses covering arguments to prove it, even though the statement of the theorem is entirely algebraic. Deformation theory in algebraic geometry is governed by the so-called cotangent complex, which is more legitimately an object of _derived algebraic geometry_. The application of algebraic topology, in particular, stable homotopy theory, to algebraic geometry promises much more, including, among other things, a powerful interpretation of what the field with one element is (a paper of Andrew Salch shows that the sphere spectrum is the elusive universal base of algebraic geometry). The Langlands program promises to derive a deep relationship between the analytic theory of numbers and representation theory, and the geometric Langlands program aims to connect all of this to algebraic geometry.
The surreal numbers are an interesting construction, but they don't really have applications outside of combinatorial game theory. That is the sense in which I meant that practically nobody uses them!
Having taught biology now for over 4 decades I totally agree and you would end up burying most textbooks in the process. Let me cast the first shovel of dirt in the grave. The average general biology textbook will introduce 4000 new terms! And in the process the conceptual forest is lost for all the terminological trees. Over 20 years ago a colleague and I wrote a nifty little biology book that taught the concepts bereft of all the jargon and no one would publish it, and most faculty hated it because "there wasn't enough easily testable material", i.e., nice terms that can be put into multiple guess questions and graded on opscans. As if that wasn't bad enough these textbooks and many teachers put the terminological cart in front of the conceptual horse. Do you introduce a term, then define it, and then try to explain it? If so, you the problem. Nuf said.


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Trials by Fire is a column from D. Bethel whereby two game demos are arbitrarily judged and one is declared the victor. The demos discussed below are DLC Quest and EvilQuest.
With so many firmly folded into the world of Skyrim right now (including your humble author), a snobby consumer of video games can't help but stand back and marvel at what Bethesda's newest Elder Scrolls entry does for the genre of role playing games, much less gaming itself. Without diving fully into the rhetoric of Skyrim, it should only be said that the game isn't just an improvement over the previous installment but actually moves the genre forward, creating new rules and expectations that fully challenge the audience while also fully examining the culture from which it was birthed. In fewer words, part of what makes Skyrim great is that it both says and does something about gaming, a post-modern allegory without the winking irony. While the desire to invert traditional gaming expectations has been the focus of many games in recent years, there are a variety of ways to approach this approach, so to speak, as illustrated in Going Loud Studios' DLC Quest and Chaosoft Games' EvilQuest.
Both game trials investigate the idea of role within a video game. While many modern games believe the road to complete immersion lies with a binary (nigh arbitrary) skew on morality and choice (re: Bioware), DLC Quest bypasses that and, perhaps, more effectively blurs the line between the player and protagonist than even many triple-A titles. Despite the protagonist being super-deformed and miming the look of an 8- or 16-bit game of old, the demo does its best to show that, as far as this game goes, the term "player character" is a literal and important idea. Instead of relying on the player's humanity to create a connection with the character being controlled, DLC Quest instead relies on something a bit more honest within the realm of gaming: the player is a consumer.
|Believe it or not, this is you.
As a gamer might do, the progression of the protagonist rests on the player's ability to gather money in order to buy DLC (not real downloadable content, but in-game instances called "DLC") that allow for narrative and character progression. This idea encompasses everything, from the basic expectations (such as having background music and sprite animation) to the esoteric (like speeding up the learning process when acquiring a sword or even the infamous "horse armor" which still does nothing). In the guise of a retro-styled platformer, DLC Quest manages to create a tongue-in-cheek and scathing comment on current trends in gaming by setting up two metaphorical mirrors: one focusing on the players, appealing to our consumerist drives rather than our ability to be sensible, rational human beings; one focusing on gaming itself, wagging a disapproving finger at how petty the business has become.
|The game of your life.
Whereas DLC Quest does its subversion out in the open as a vaudevillian meta-quest that takes the player gently around the shoulders and points out all the jokes along the way, EvilQuest challenges the gamer in a more subtle––and more conventional––way. With the rise of the anti-hero in the late 1980s blooming to full, trench coat-draped maturity in the '90s, a similar angsty morality drives the statement of EvilQuest. The conceit is that, unlike other RPGs (or, if you want to be a comically ignorant Japanese game-maker, "RPG Game") where the player takes on the role of the underdog hero who finds a powerful sword, forges deep friendships, falls in love, and fights a bug-eyed monster to save the world and/or universe, EvilQuest puts the player in the role of a darkly-paletted villain named Galvis (echoing, all at once in name and in look, classic RPG villains such as Zelda's Ganon, Final Fantasy's Garland, and Final Fantasy IV (II)'s Golbez) as he cuts through to his goal in a top-down Legend of Zelda (NES) or Secret of Mana style of gameplay.
|Villainy has no time for faces...or fire extinguishers.
While, of course, the idea of playing as the villain is intriguing, the demo doesn't quite make one feel as if ruthlessness and villainy were there to command. Unless pondering the imperceptible difference between "hero" and "villain" within the standards of fantasy video gaming is the goal of its creators, EvilQuest plays no different than a traditional retro-RPG. The enemies Galvis confronts are the same that would be found blighting a hero in any game: bats, wolves, skeletons, uppity soldiers. In fact, given the opportunity to skip the cutscenes (which you have to do in order to get to the gameplay before the trial times out), the player could have no idea that Galvis is a villain at all. In the end, the player is a bit cheated because the role promised by the game was not delivered in the demo; instead, we were just given a good guy with a bad attitude and glowing eyes.
|Killing bats like a villain.
The difference between DLC Quest and EvilQuest lies in the detail that makes Skyrim such a statement. EvilQuest simply tells the player that things are different while the game itself is standard and familiar though fun enough. DLC Quest, despite its cheesy meta-humor and hip irony, actually does something, becoming a performative work that makes the player think and act differently in the face of what seemed to be familiar at the outset. In the end, we realize that we are not playing an idealized character as we always do, but are instead fooled into playing the player we all know we are but would rather not be. Because we'd rather be killing dragons.
The Victor: DLC Quest
D. Bethel never has time, but when he does, he makes
comics at www.eben07.com.
Follow him on Twitter @DBethel


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* New day students will join the Orientation Program as boarders (Please bring a sleeping bag and pillow, casual, comfortable clothing- enough for two days, swimwear, sports clothing and shoes, toiletries, and an adventurous spirit). All new day students will stay at the School on Tuesday and Wednesday nights and all day Thursday. Since re-enrolling students return to the School on Thursday, day students typically return home on Thursday night (pick-up around 9:30 pm), returning to school on Friday for a full program of events including classes for Grades 8-11, beginning with an assembly at 8:15 am.Orientation Schedule Coming Soon
9:00 am-12:00 pm: New students arrive at Brentwood – DAY STUDENTS by 11 am!
11:15 am-12:00 pm: Day student parent meeting in the McNeill Centre
12:00-1:45 pm: Buffet lunch for parents and new students
2:00-2:45 pm: New students and parents meeting with Mr. Patel in the Bunch Centre
2:45-3:30 pm: "Meet the House Staff" meetings in the boarding Houses
3:30 pm: Parents say their goodbyes and go to the McNeill Centre
3:30 pm: New parents reception in the McNeill Centre
4:30 pm: Welcome assembly for all new students with Mr. Felix in the Bunch Centre
5:30-6:15 pm: Dinner for staff and students in competitive houses in the Dining Room
6:45 pm: Sign in to the Houses
6:45-10:00 pm: House-centered orientation organized by House Staff
7:00-7:40 am: Breakfast
8:00 am: House inspections and House meetings
8:40 am: Assembly for all students in the Bunch Centre
9:00 am-4:00 pm: Instructional periods and swim tests for new students
11:20-11:35 am: Cookie Break
12:20-12:50 pm: Lunch
5:30-6:20 pm: Dinner
6:40 pm: All girls meet in Competitive House common rooms
7:00 pm: Returning Grade 12s to be back on campus!
7:00-8:15 pm: "Fun and Games" in the Foote Athletic Centre; new students meet in Competitive House dress
8:15-9:10 pm: Competitive Houses gather back in common rooms
9:15 pm: Sign-in for all students in their Houses
7:00 am: Breakfast
8:00 am: House inspections and House meetings
8:30-8:55 am: Assembly in Bunch Centre for new students
9:05 am – 4:15 pm: Instructional periods for new students (details below)
• Academic advice for new grade 11 students from Ms. Coull, and Mr. Rodrigues after 10:10 am
• Academic advice for new grade 12 students from Ms. Coull, and Mr. Rodrigues
• Arts course advice for new grade 11 and 12 students from Mrs. Widenmaier in her office
• Sports clothing available at the auditorium for all students from Mrs. Kadar
• School supplies available at the School Store for all students
10:45-11:10 am: Cookie Break
12:00-2:00 pm: Buffet Lunch for all returning parents and students
5:00 pm: All returning Grade 10-11 students to be back on campus
5:10-6:15 pm: Dinner
6:30 pm: Assembly for Grade 9-12 students in the Bunch
7:30 pm: All new and returning Grade 12 students to meet in the Killy Theatre
8:00 pm: Sign-in in the Houses; House meetings
9:00 pm: Day students may be picked up now (after the advisor meetings) if they do not want to stay on campus for the night. A call to your parents should be made to let them know when you are free to go home.
7:00-7:45 am: Breakfast
7:45 am: House inspections (official daily dress). New students may dress in 'smart casual' if they do not yet have their official daily dress.
8:00 am: Advisors meet their advisees at the houses and walk them to the Bunch Centre for 8:15 am assembly.
8:15-8:40 am: Full School Assembly at the Bunch Centre
8:00 am-4:30 pm: School Store open for school supplies distribution. Sports clothing for returning students is available.
8:45 am: 6 ACADEMIC PERIODS – ABCDEF
10:40-11:05 am: Cookie Break
1:15-2:00 pm: Lunch
1:15-2:00 pm: All interested new and returning SPARC and SAC members to meet faculty sponsors for lunch in
Room 101
2:30-4:30 pm: Inter-House Eco Challenge
5:30-6:30 pm: Dinner
7:15 pm: Sign-in at Houses
7:30-9:30 pm: House meeting on prep routines
9:00-9:30 pm: Fire Drill
9:30 pm: Cookie Break in the Houses followed by junior and senior bed times
Staff and student sleep in!
8:30-9:30 am: Breakfast
8:30 am: Day student bus leaves Cowichan Community Centre
10:00-10:15 am: Full school assembly in the T. Gil Bunch Centre
10:15-12:45 pm: Academic Periods D-E-F for all students (Grades 9-12) (Saturday #2)
12:45-1:45 pm: Lunch
12:45-2:00 pm: School supplies at the School Store for all students
1:30 pm: Mr. Gage available in his office for sports problems
2:00-5:00 pm: Regular sports for all students who do not have a specific orientation job; check on sports noticeboard in the cafeteria foyer for times and locations
4:30-5:30 Swimming/Slip and Slide on the Waterfront (SAC event).
5:30-6:30 pm: Dinner – Plaza BBQ
7:15 pm: Sign-in and dance preparation
8:00-10:30 pm: Welcome Back Plaza and Waterfront Party
10:00 pm: Junior school sign in – Grade 9 and 10 students remain in Houses
10:30 pm: Sign-in of all Grade 11 and 12 students at their Houses.
8:45 am: Rising Bell
9:00-10:30 am: Breakfast
11:30-11:50 am: Students sign in on 'A' field with their House Captains; participants assemble on 'A' field in sports gear for the run
12:00 pm: Terry Fox Run begins
12:30-1:30 pm: Lunch
1:00 pm: Sunday local leave available from 1:00 pm until 5:00 pm
2:00-4:00 pm: New Grade 11 & 12s who have not completed the music assessment should see Mrs. Widenmaier; students who want to take private music lessons to see Mr. Newns in his office
5:30-6:30 pm: Dinner
7:15 pm: Sign-in and House meetings
9:00 pm: House No. 1 inspections
7:00-7:40 am: Breakfast
8:00 am: House inspections (daily dress)
8:15 am-1:15 pm: Regular Academic routine as per timetable; official daily dress (if possible)
8:00 am-4:30 pm: School Store open for school supplies distribution
12:30-1:50 pm: Lunch
2:00-2:30 pm: Full School assembly in the Bunch Centre for Arts information; dress is 'smart casual'
2:30-2:55 pm: Arts Block One
3:00-3:25 pm: Arts Block Two
3:30-3:55 pm: Arts Block Three
4:00-4:30 pm: Arts Block Four
5:30-6:30 pm: Dinner
7:15 pm: All Students sign in to their Houses
7:30-9:30 pm: Snacks, prep and bedtime across campus
7:00 am on Regular daily routine
5:30-6:30 pm: Dinner
7:15 pm: Sign-in to your House


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Our side mission to find the bets protein fuelled chocolate product this week took an international turn with us sourcing our latest product from Germany. This WellMix Sport Protein Vanilla bar is available throughout Europe, it's a bar containing over 32% protein and many many vitamins that we neither know what they do or why they are good for us :D They are though, so the wrapper says, and this week we substituted these bars for our usual breakfast cereal.
The bar came in a 35.0g form and was prime for eating on-the-go, on our way to way to work. The wrapper looked fittingly sporty and pretty premium. This was reassuring given we hadn't ever heard of the brand previously and couldn't really understand what the writing on the wrapper given it was mostly in German. As you would expect this was a bar we managed to consume in it's entirety in one sitting.
Overall protein bars can often be devoid of taste however this WellMix Sport Protein Vanilla bar defied the norm and was actually a tasty enough buy for a repurchase. These type of bars never taste as luxurious of fulfilling as a normal chocolate bar but if you are looking for a chocolate and vanilla bar with an added dose of protein goodness you can't go far wrong with it. Give it a go and let us know what you think @ChocMission.
7.8 out of 10


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Redlands Security: 405.422.6200
Redlands Community College, in partnership with the Oklahoma Manufacturing Alliance and Canadian Valley Technology Center, sponsors an area Manufacturing Extension Agent (MEA). We provide a full range of services to companies through the MEA, which include a statewide network of Manufacturing Extension Agents and Applications Engineers. The Oklahoma Manufacturing Alliance is the go-to source for assessing needs and finding solutions for manufacturers through public and private resources.
We offer free technical assistance and business advice, helping manufacturers become progressively more successful. Services focus on improving the bottom line, while growing the entire company. We live and work in communities across Oklahoma, taking our support to your workplace on your schedule.
Our Manufacturing Extension Agent offers hands-on consultation, support and training to help manufacturers become efficient and competitive in the global marketplace. The Alliance website, http://www.okalliance.com/, has a complete listing of services available.
Mike Raymond
Area Manufacturing Extension Agent
Monthly Manufacturing Alliance Newsletter


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About us
With over a decade of experience and a global customer base, AEROSUS is the air suspension and compressor systems specialist in more than 140 countries.
With our premium brand we offer our customers affordable spare parts for all popular car brands with outstanding quality. We always offer the right product for your car at the best price – air springs, air struts, shock absorbers, valve blocks, compressors and more. And of course, you can always count on an expert advice from our highly motivated team of air suspension specialists. Read more »


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The Connecticut River Paddlers' Trail is managed primarily by a variety of small nonprofits and town conservation commissions. A shared stewardship fund helps cover the costs associated with campsite maintenance, trail coordination, and the development of new sites.
Each year, funds donated by river enthusiasts like you are redistributed by our fiscal agent (the Vermont River Conservancy) to trail partners engaging in helping expand the trail and taking care of existing campsites and access points along the river. In this approach, we avoid the need to create a new nonprofit, minimizing overhead and maximizing impact.
Through your donation, you are supporting non-motorized recreation in the Connecticut River watershed. Together, you will join a group dedicated to creating world class paddling routes, with ample camping opportunities, well-maintained portages, and safe river access.
Help support the expansion and stewardship of the Connecticut River Paddlers' Trail. Make a donation today!
Note: the Vermont River Conservancy serves as the fiscal agent for the paddlers' trail. The Connecticut River Paddlers' Trail is a partnership effort, and the Connecticut River Conservancy is helping by collecting funds. You will be taken to their donation page. Just make sure to choose the Connecticut River Paddlers Trail from the donate menu.
Thank you!
Business Partners


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Welcome to my Blog!
On this Blog you will learn about Chronic Illness, Disability, Invisible Illness, Chronic Lyme Disease, Chronic Pain, what being a 20 something living in a rural community with multiple Chronic Illnesses and disabilities is like and you may also get to download some awesome mobile and desktop backgrounds that I myself have created for you.
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