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One of the major changes computers have injected into the Indianapolis 500 over the past two decades is the widespread use of simulation. No longer do designers or race teams have to schedule racetrack time to determine the effects of a small tweak to the aerodynamics or front shock absorbers, a costly and time-consuming process. Instead, they can juggle a few parameters in a detailed computer model of the car and then run it over a truly realistic model of a specific racetrack. The program spits out detailed and reliable results on speeds, fuel consumption, downforce, and a laundry list of other race-car characteristics. It can also compress hours of track time into a few minutes of computer run time.
Simulation has also spread so that the three groups most closely involved in Indy racing — the designers, race teams, and governing body — all rely on it, but in different ways.
Indy-car designers
IndyCar races currently allow only one chassis or car, the DW12 from Dallara Automobili, Varano Melegari, Italy. "We use three general types of simulation when designing an Indy car," says Dallara's general manager, Andrea Pontremoli. "It lets us go from the design phase to the racetrack in about nine months — eight months spent designing the car on computers, then a month to actually assemble it."
The first type of simulation lets Dallara engineers build a virtual car using carbon composites. "We use finite-element-method software at this stage to simulate the carbon-fiber components and structural elements," says Pontremoli. They subsequently add other parts to model the entire car, minus the engine.
"To get the overall shape of the car and its aerodynamics right, we then use computational fluid-dynamics (CFD) software to simulate airflow over, under, and around the car," says Pontremoli.
Dallara also reverts to a more-traditional form of simulation — one of the company's two wind tunnels — to ensure the aerodynamics are right and the software didn't miss any detrimental anomalies. "Wind-tunnel simulation lets us see if what we learned in CFD is valid on full-sized cars."
The final type of simulation — kinematics — centers on vehicle dynamics. "It lets us look at the behavior of the entire car, including the tires, on different racetracks and racing conditions," says Pontremoli.
The company gets similar data, but from a from a driver's perspective, in a motion simulator. In fact, the data from the driving simulator is cleaner than actual track data because it contains no signal noise or calibration errors. It combines computers and motion control, along with an exact replica of the cockpit and dashboard. So drivers use the same controls — accelerator and brake pedals, steering wheel, and steering-wheel mounted switches — and get to feel the same level of feedback from the steering wheel and brake pedals as if they were driving an actual race car.
The motion simulator even has a thermal tire model that lets Dallara and teams (or clients) check out different tires and setups for qualifying or racing laps in different weather conditions.
The driver simulator, much like those used to train military pilots, has 3D motion, courtesy of 1.5-meter-stroke hexapod actuators. They can generate up to 2 gs of acceleration, while a 3,500-W sound system recreates the noise and vibrations of riding in an Indy car. To complete the illusion, a 180° 12-megapixel screen gives the driver a wraparound view of the track and other cars.
To get data on the track, Dallara runs a special car around the track that uses laser scanners to measure the entire surface of the track with 10-mm resolution. This data, which includes every rough patch, bump, and curb on the track, is digitized and transformed into inputs for the computer model's wheels and suspension.
When Dallara was designing the DW12 for the 2012 season, the IndyCar board wanted to make sure safety was part of the equation. Dallara complied by adding safety features to the model and design, both mechanical and aerodynamic ones. IndyCar also wanted the new car to have the same speed and performance despite the fact it would use a less-powerful engine.
For Dallara engineers, making the car just as fast with less power was a matter of improving efficiency. In the end they succeeded, getting about 50% of the efficiency improvements from the aerodynamics, about 30% from a weight reduction, and the remaining 20% from engine upgrades. They were also able to make it as safe, if not safer, than the previous car.
IndyCar establishment
IndyCar uses simulation to ensure the cars meet two critical goals: to make sure races are safe and competitive with lots of lead changes and no cars are obviously more powerful than the rest. They also want to ensure the driver plays an important role. In other words, they don't want the car to be too easy to drive.
"For example, last year we reduced the level of downforce, especially on oval tracks, to make sure drivers are making significant contributions to driving the car," says Will Phillips, vice president of Technology for IndyCar. "Based on simulations and our years of experience at various tracks, we decide how strong the aerodynamic downforce should be, then use data from Dallara and its aerodynamics models and put it in our ChassisSim software. ChassisSim is a kinematic simulation program that lets us import aerodynamic, suspension, and time-based racing models, then manipulate them to get performance predictions on different tracks."
For large, high-speed ovals, such as Indy, the Poconos, and Fontana, downforce should be about 1,800 to 2,400 lb at 200 mph. (Bear in mind that the car and driver, including fuel, weigh only about 1,900 lb.) For short ovals and road courses, downforce is much higher at 4,000 lb at 200 mph.
Indy race teams have the leeway to adjust the front and rear wings, as well as the underwing body of the car to get within IndyCar's limits for downforce.
But IndyCar does not simulate all aspects of the race cars. For instance, it does not look at the effects exhaust creates on aerodynamics.
"Simulation helps us put together a race-car model that teams use as a template," says Phillips. "It embodies all the regulations and dimensional limits the car must meet. And there's a specific height and position for the exhaust outlets. But we don't dictate the angle at which exhaust gases get blown out, so that's an area race teams might work with in CFD and aerodynamics. And Dallara, the chassis maker, would be concerned with the structural integrity of the body components under all the stresses racing puts on them, including the hot exhaust stream.
"In general, IndyCar uses simulation to ensure the cars, and the IR configurations for any given circuit or racecourse, have the performance and speed characteristics we are looking for, and that they will be as safe as possible," says Phillips. "We also want to keep the drivers and their ability to handle the car at the forefront of the competition.
"But simulation, like any other piece of software, is just a tool," notes Phillips. "And it's one thing to have the best tools in the world, but if you don't know the race-car world and how it operates, you won't get the most out of that tool."
That's why IndyCar uses a mix of both high-end computer analysts and experienced mechanics and race-car technicians. "The people doing our simulation must understand what parameters can be changed on cars in the real world because they cannot be set up perfectly," says Phillips. "For example, it takes racing experience to know that certain tracks are bumpy and you just can't go below certain ride heights or clearances without hitting the track. And that's all part of simulation, getting the models of the tracks right and knowing what you can and cannot do in the real world."
Race teams
Race teams have one overriding goal, two if you count safety. They want to win races, which usually means driving faster than the other teams. But teams must also use much of the same equipment and follow the same regulations and limits. So they still rely on simulation to test new ideas and components before having to actually build and prove them out on the track.
Panther Racing, a one-car team sponsored by the National Guard, has several simulation and analysis programs, including one for CFD and a full simulation model for recreating "virtual" tracks. And the team's engine supplier, Chevrolet, provides intellectual assistance that includes a simulation program.
CFD is important because it lets teams examine the interactions between components, as well as between the powerplant and the aerodynamics and suspension. "In one case, we used CFD to explore the exhaust flow," says David Cripps, chief engineer and technical director for Panther Racing. "We don't go into engine design, but we do look into using the exhaust flow to our advantage or to uncover and negate disadvantages. In this instance, we suspected hot exhaust gases were getting into the rear-brake duct that was supposed to be cooling the brakes. CFD analysis confirmed our suspicions, so we modified the body and tailpipes, within limits, to prevent that."
CFD is also crucial for evaluating aerodynamics. "They generate the downforce used to keep cars on the tracks and cornering, but too much downforce and you're no longer quick through the corners or down the straightaways," says Cripps. "Teams use the software to determine the absolute best efficiency for the most downforce, within regulations, for each track."
From the Brickyard to the backyards
Many Indy race teams use ChassisSim, high-end simulation software that models the dynamics of a race car and predicts its performance. The software got its start as the Masters degree project of Danny Nowlan when he was an aeronautical engineering student at the University of Sydney. He is now director of ChassisSim Technologies, Richmond, Australia, and oversees a staff of "car people who learned how to program," he says.
The program works on any laptop running a Pentium i3 or above, and the basic package costs about $2,000 and comes with a simplified interface, so backyard mechanics and weekend racers can use it to tune up the family car. At the other end of the spectrum, IndyCar teams use a $15,000 version that gives users complete access to the advanced modeling features and toolboxes to reverse engineer parameters for the aerodynamics and tires.
Indy race teams rely on ChassisSim for evaluating the performance of different suspension and aerodynamic setups for tracks they will be running. "This involves all aspects of the vehicle, including the evaluation of different aero kits and damper packages," says Nolan. "And while drivers at the IndyCar level don't really need to use the software to teach them how to drive and get the most out of their cars, customers at other levels of racing make good use of the software to compare their driving to the simulated driver."
And that simulated driver is good, maybe even perfect. How did he or she get so good?
"While I'm not at liberty to divulge the entire algorithm, it can be straightforward when you have a good vehicle model and know the track trajectory and bumps," says Nolan. "The 'driver' simply calculates the top speed possible with the available grip between tires and track and the shortest route possible around the track."
One set of critical components that are difficult to accurately model and simulate are the tires, so teams rely on tire manufacturers for assistance. "Our tire supplier, Firestone, is just as interested in modeling and simulating tire performance as we are," explains Cripps. "So they share data they have on characteristics such as spring rates and tire compounds, but they share that data with all the teams they supply.
"To give us an edge over our competition, we do some additional load testing on the tires to complement the data Firestone sends us," says Cripps.
Cooling efficiency is another area that leans heavily on simulation, both for the engine and brakes. "We want the engine to operate at its optimum temperature without falling back on cooling methods that put a drag on the engine or the aerodynamics," says Cripps, "So we try to improve airflow through the radiators, the ducting that takes air to the radiators, as well as the engine itself."
Cripps notes that cooling ducts for brakes are high-flow, aerodynamic components which have traditionally been difficult to test on the track or model on computers. "But modeling the thermal characteristics of the brakes and aerodynamics is becoming easier to do and less expensive, so it's an area all teams will likely move into."
The front and rear wings are two areas Cripps recalls looking at hard with FEA. "But that was in the past when we designed our own wings and aero kits. And next year, 2014, we will again be free to run our own wings and aero packages, so we will go back to designing and FE analysis on our own."
Another change for Indy racing teams in simulation and modeling coming down the road is the addition of kinematics, looking at a wide array of changing parameters as the model roars down a simulated racetrack.
"By no means does our car stay in a steady-state attitude for any length of time," says Cripps. "Kinematics will take us to another level of realism. So in the future, when computing power and memory are less expensive, we will be able to simulate laps on any track, including the Brickyard, and look at CFD and all the kinematics from moving parts, mostly in the suspension."
ChassisSim Technologies, chassissim.com
Dallara Automobili, www.dallara.it
For more on Dallara and simulation, tinyurl.com/ma99j2p
IndyCar, www.indycar.com
Panther Racing Team, www.pantherracing.com


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Whether you loved him, hated him or were just amusingly fascinated by him, Coach was nearly impossible to ignore this season on Survivor. From declaring himself Dragonslayer, to forming The Warrior Alliance, to appointing Stephen the Wizard, Coach was never lacking for interesting terminology – and had many a story to tell, which pretty much everyone in his tribe felt often sounded a bit too amazing to be true.
This week, then Dragonslayer fell in battle, as Coach was voted out of the game. I spoke to Coach to get his perspective on his time in Survivor and why he feels he played the game with honor and integrity.
IGN TV: How did you come to be on Survivor?
Coach: About a year ago, my assistant coaches came up to me. We were watching a lot of reality TV, and they were like, "Coach, you are one of a kind. We've never met anybody like you. You've gotta be on reality TV." And so, I was like, "Okay!" So I went and did a little Google search and there it was – I typed in upcoming things and boom, Survivor was right there and I thought, "Ah, I was made to be on Survivor!"
IGN: Had you seen the show much before that?
Coach: I'd watched episodes and everything, so I really got hooked, obviously, studying for the game and watching past seasons. I was just fascinated by it.
IGN: It seemed that pretty quickly, you and Tyson and Debbie had a pretty good alliance going. How did the three of you form that bond?
Coach: You know, the first person I went up to is Brendan and shame on him, and it was his downfall, for not going with me. If he would have, I think me, Tyson and Brendan, nobody would have been able to break that stronghold. So anyway, Tyson and I… Before the game, I was just ready to break him in half and then Tyson was just like the best guy. There's something about his personality that just… We just locked in and hit it off. And so, as I'm thinking, "Well, who on my tribe am I gonna form an alliance with?", I knew Debbie was a middle school [principal] and I went up to her and I said, "Debbie, you've got to play this game with honesty and integrity, because your kids are going to know you for how you play this game. Set a good example." So I talked to her and what's how we kind of got locked in on that alliance.
IGN: The two people you shared a lot of time with that you didn't get along well with were Sierra and Erinn. Where did those conflicts stem from?
Coach: Immaturity, I'd say. I don't want to be hard on them, because I think that they're both great young ladies who are going to blossom into even better women, but I just felt like, with Sierra, it was a love/hate [relationship]. I would mentor her, I would council her, I was sitting there in the water… If you look at the deleted scenes, I say, "Sierra, you are a part of this tribe. Sierra, you have changed your first impressions. Sierra, I value you." And then a couple of days later, she'd be off on one of her little fits. And now I realize it's because she thought she was secure in her alliance with Brendan. With Erinn, you know, she's a hairdresser and we just didn't have anything in common. She wanted to tell stories about shopping and what not and that just kind of wasn't in my cards. I don't think that I'm better than them in any way. Quite the opposite. But I just think that they were a little bit immature and we just didn't have anything in common.
IGN: There was a lot of discussion on the show about some of the stories you told, and specifically with the story about what happened to you in the Amazon, we saw a lot of skepticism from your tribemates. What is your final word on that story and your stories in general?
Coach: I think that, on one hand, I created this fantastic character – the Dragonslayer and the Warrior and the Wizard Alliance and all that kind of stuff. And part of my mediation as well… that kind of stuff. Hey, I'm just having fun. But as far as how I talked to other people and how I treated other people and the stories that I told, I wanted to play with honor and integrity and if I wouldn't lie for a million dollars, why would I lie about anything else?

subset: commoncrawl


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Local Search is a constantly moving target and the growing importance of SERP features like the Local Pack continue to provide challenges and opportunities for business. We track developments to monitor the impact of changes for our clients and Google dropped an interesting new feature today that might have significant impact on local rank in the coming year. Google officially announced the addition of videos to Google My Business (GMB) accounts. This has been percolating in beta for some time but now it's official. The new toolset allows … [Read more...]
Attract Qualified Leads With Social Media Advertising
You have probably heard a lot of talk about inbound marketing. The internet has changed the way business engage with prospects and inbound marketing is a fundamental way to capitalizing on it. But what often gets lost in all the buzz about inbound marketing is the fact that outbound advertising remains a critical component. Reaching consumers at the earliest stage of their path to purchase is still an important part of every marketing plan and Native Ads present a great opportunity to do it better than ever before. You've seen ads in social … [Read more...]
Your Website Is Not A 'Field of Dreams'
Businesses that operate brick and mortar locations with storefronts will always tell you about the importance of foot traffic. "Feet on the street" as they say, is the lifeblood of a healthy retail store. The same can be said in the digital realm. Qualified visits to your business website are the online equivalent to foot traffic and will generate sales and help your business grow. However acquiring those visitors requires more than simply setting up a website. It's not "A Field of Dreams," where, "If you build it they will come." No, growing … [Read more...]
Local Search Is Stacked Against You
Google's Search Engine Results Page (SERP) is an integral part of modern life but it is also a moving target for businesses because of it's constant state of change. Sometimes these "improvements" are minor but other times they can be significant and disruptive. Such is the case with the recent changes to the Local Listings in Google results. Years ago, Google started adding a map with nearby matches to a query in order to localize results and better serve searchers by geographic location. This subset of search has undergone many changes but … [Read more...]
The Rise of Ghost Referral Spam and How to Fix It
If you monitor your website data with Google Analytics you have no doubt seen a surprising rise in "visits." While this is typically cause for celebration, these "visits" are actually part of a growing blight known as Ghost Referrals. These false visits obscure important data and can interfere with your marketing so it's important to identify them and develop a strategy to remove them from your reports. What are Ghost Referrals? Ghost Referrals are part of an ever expanding trend which is known as referrer spam because it inflates the number … [Read more...]
Step Away From the Keyboard and Drop the Hashtag
Social media feels like the land of opportunity. There are so many stories of small businesses that caught a viral wave and rode it into marketing glory. These tales buoy the hopes and dreams of others as they venture into the uncertain territory. However, leveraging social media requires a plan and some baseline skills. Many businesses make the mistake of jumping in and attempting to leverage its power simply because they are experienced at "consuming" social media when the actual skill needed is "producing" social media. This can lead to … [Read more...]
Just Say No to the Funnel
There's a regular section in WIRED magazine that I gravitate to every month. It's easy to miss because it's not a main feature, and it hides innocuously in a sidebar of every issue. It's called "Jargon Watch" and its location may be a very inspired piece of design because I think it belies the insidious way that jargon is often overlooked. The Lifecycle of Jargon Jargon is one of those innocuous things that pops up organically, stemming from a need for specificity to describe new ideas but that eventually ends up being a thing unto itself. … [Read more...]
How Much Should I Spend on Marketing?
Businesses of every size and shape worry about their marketing budgets. It is the most difficult money to track the value of, but without it every business will contract and eventually disappear. So business owners want to know: how much should I be spending on marketing? It's a question that cannot be answered definitively because there are many factors that come into play that will have a bearing on the exact numbers and percentages. Are your customers Transaction Buyers or Relationship Buyers? What are the opportunity costs associated with … [Read more...]
Dealing with Print Advertising "Opportunities"
If you are responsible for marketing a business then it's very likely that you have been on the receiving end of a few calls and/or emails informing you of the incredible opportunity that is waiting if you choose to advertise in a local paper or periodical. These organizations routinely slash their rate cards to offer one-time deals to get businesses' attention. But while they are busy singing the praises of their "audience" you are left to wonder if it will really do you any good. Where would something like this fit into your overall marketing … [Read more...]
When 'More' Means Less in UI Design
Familiarity breeds contempt as the old saying goes, and as software applications get embedded in our daily routines they becoming quite familiar, but the unacknowledged contempt we have for these tools can rush to the surface when they are "improved" with an inglorious software update. So when we, as a company finally decided to catch up on the upgrade cycle of our CRM/Project Management software, contempt was in the air. Don't get me wrong, I'm not whining about changes per se, I mean that's how you improve on a piece of software. What really … [Read more...]
Marketing to Consumers on Their Path to Purchase
Impulse buying is a relatively rare aspect of sales. In fact, the act of making a purchase is typically an extended process, the length of which is directly proportional to the cost. The greater the cost, the longer and more involved the path to purchase will be. Knowing what the steps on that path are and how to market to consumers while they navigate them, will help generate a steady stream of leads and increase the overall effectiveness of your marketing budget. The steps consumers take before a purchase can be examined from many angles, … [Read more...]
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Victoria's Secret Angel buddhism2.ru – Login – Address – Customer Service
Victoria's Secret Angel buddhism2.ru and Login
Making your Victoria's Secret Angel buddhism2.ru or need to login to view your statement or manage your account online? Victoria's Secret is a US women's ware retailer, specializing in lingerie and beauty products. A prestigious company known for its high profile ranges, fashion models and annual shows, their exclusive lines of underwear, sleepwear, swimwear and other products are the envy of many other retailers. The credit card they offer is the Angel Credit Card, and this article covers what rewards you can expect, terms and conditions, plus a guide to making buddhism2.rus. To make a payment online or manage your account, follow the link provided below on this page to the Victoria's Secret credit card login. You will also find useful "pay my bill" information such as the credit card customer service number, and billing phone number below.
Victoria's Secret buddhism2.ru
There are 3 main ways to make buddhism2.rus; go to your local store and pay at the service desk, go to your bank with your credit card, or use the Victoria's Secret online account service.
Pay Online: The online account lets you view and manage your credit account, make online payments and much more. Once you have supplied your checking account information, you can quickly pay the outstanding balance each month without having to re-enter your information. To make your Victoria's Secret Angel buddhism2.ru online click the "Pay Online" button below to login, register, view your statement or manage your account online.
Pay by Phone: The Victoria's Secret buddhism2.ru phone number is . Monday – Saturday, 8:00 am to 9:00 pm EST. There is a $15 fee charged to make your payment by phone.
Pay in Store: Yes. You can pay your Angel card in stores.
Victoria's Secret Credit Card Customer Service: The Victoria's Secret credit card customer service number is . Customer Service hours are Monday – Saturday 8am-9pm ET, Closed Sunday. Hours may vary due to Holidays. Automated Customer Service is available 24 hours, 7 days a week.
The Victoria's Secret Angel Credit Card
The Angel Card provides you with an attractive points scheme with points that you can build up by making purchases on any Victoria's Secret products. For every dollar you spend you obtain one point, and for every 250 points you obtain you will receive a $10 Victoria's Secret gift card to spend however you would like. This system continues for every 250 points you earn, so you can expect more vouchers when you get to 500 points, 750 points and so on. Additionally, once you have gained your first 250 points, you will be automatically upgraded from the Angel Card to the Angel VIP Card, which gives you double points on bra purchases and other bonuses. You will receive exclusive brochures that include money saving offers and free merchandise offers.
As a normal Angel, you also get free birthday surprises each year, early access to new special offers, new items and the Victoria's Secret Semi-Annual Sale. As a VIP Angel, you get all these bonuses, plus free beauty samples, makeovers and related presents, and exclusive access to store events.
Terms and Conditions
The Annual Percentage Rate (APR) is 24.99% for purchases. There are no balance transfers or cash advances available with this card. No annual fee. Penalty fees for late payments are up to $35 and for returned payments up to $25. The due date for buddhism2.rus is 25 days after the close of the previous billing cycle. If you pay off your balance in full within this time, then you will have no interest applied to purchases.
Visit Victoria's Secret on , , and


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By clue 1, the five women got costumes as women, but one of the five men picked a female
costume. By clue 10, The Hitchcocks were the last couple to rent outfits. Nick isn't
Hitchcock (6). By clue 2, then, Nick and his wife were the third or fourth couple to
rent costumes from Jack O'Lantern's, following the couples the husbands of which picked
Elvis Presley and Uncle Sam. If Nick and his wife had been the fourth couple to rent
costumes, by clue 13, Nick wouldn't have decided to go as Babe Ruth on Halloween, since
the man who picked the Babe Ruth uniform and his wife were the third or earlier customers
in the store. Further, Nick isn't married to Belinda (6), and Nick's wife didn't pick the
Barbie costume (15). Therefore, if Nick and his wife had been the fourth costumer couple
last Saturday, by clue 13, the couple whose husband decided to be Babe Ruth would have been
first in the store, Belinda and her husband would have been second, and the couple whose
wife liked the Barbie costume would have gotten their outfits third. Since Belinda's husband
didn't pick the Elvis Presley costume (16), by clue 2, the husband of the wife who picked
Barbie would have chosen to go as "The King"--no (9). Therefore, Nick and his wife were
the third couple of the five to choose costumes for Halloween. The couples of which the
husbands picked the Elvis and Uncle Sam outfits were first and second or vice versa in the
store (2). By clue 13, then, Nick decided to go as Babe Ruth, Belinda and her husband were
the fourth couple in Jack O'Lantern's Saturday, and Mrs. Hitchcock is the woman who opted
for the Barbie costume. Belinda didn't pick the Catwoman outfit (16). In clue 5, therefore,
Cynthia and her husband were the second couple to pick costumes Saturday morning, Nick's
wife picked the Catwoman costume, and Belinda's husband took Capt. Hook. Cynthia's husband
didn't decide to go as Elvis Presley (9), so he picked the Uncle Sam outfit; the man who
has the Elvis gear and his wife were the first to rent costumes Saturday. Nick's wife isn't
Angela (3) or Deborah (15) and is thus Erica. Angela and her husband were the first couple
in the store (3), and Deborah is Mrs. Hitchcock. Cynthia didn't pick the Madonna costume
(14); by clue 3, Belinda is the woman who is going as Madonna. By clue 8, the Kings paid
for their costumes immediately ahead of the couple who have Old Mother Hubbard as one of
theirs. The latter aren't Cynthia and her husband (12). Therefore, the Old Mother Hubbard
costume has been rented by Mr. Hitchcock. The Kings are Belinda and her husband (8). By
clue 4, Mrs. Poe can't be the wife of the first or second couples; she is Nick's spouse.
Then Lou is Mr. King (4). By clue 11, Jim is Angela's husband, and Cynthia is Mrs. Chaney.
By elimination, Angela and Jim are the Lugosis. Angela Lugosi rented the Wicked Witch
costume, and Cynthia is going as the Littlest Mermaid (17). Ken is Hitchcock and Mark
Chaney (7). In sum, the five couples rented costumes for Halloween at Jack O'Lantern's in
the following order:
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TITANIC-TITANIC.com | Titanic Engineering Crew - Bell, Mr. Joseph
- Age: 51
- Date of Birth (D.O.B.): 1861
- Place of Residence: Liverpool, England
- Embarked at: Belfast, Ireland
- Occupation: Chief Engineer
- Department: Titanic Engineering Crew
- Survived: No ( List )
- Died: 15th April, 1912 at sea
Mini Biography
Joseph Bell boarded the Titanic at Belfast, Ireland.
Joseph Bell was the Chief Engineer aboard the Titanic, and was part of the Engineering Crew.
Joseph Bell lived at 34, Canute Road, Southampton, England, United Kingdom.
Joseph Bell was lost in the sinking of the Titanic, and his body was not recovered or identified.
Similar Pages: Titanic Passengers | Titanic First Class Passengers | Titanic Second Class Passengers | Titanic Third Class Passengers | Titanic Crew | Titanic Deck Crew | Titanic Engineering Crew | Titanic Guarantee Group | Titanic Officers | Titanic Mail Clerks | Titanic ã la Carte Restaurant Crew | Titanic Victualling Crew | Titanic Death Certificates | Titanic Record of Bodies and Effects |


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Registering with BookYourSite enables us to re-use your contact information each time you reserve a site with our booking system. Information like your address, membership information (eg. CAA/AAA), and your preferences for park amenities can be saved. In addition, after registering with BookYourSite you have the option of recieving promotional information from the parks about upcoming specials and events.
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When we bought our fixer upper house, we knew we had a fair pile of projects ahead of us. Pretty quickly after that, we realized that to get all of these projects done, we would have to figure out how to do them all for cheap.
One of the most expensive projects is painting rooms. Painting requires a lot of disposable supplies and paint itself can be pretty pricey. So this is what I know so far about how to paint on a budget.
Do it yourself. Duh. This is the one thing that will probably save you the most. Painting is a pain in the butt, sure. You have to clean out the room and put your drapes down and tape everything off; it's the worst. But its really not the hardest thing ever and there are some really good tutorials on YouTube that show you exactly what you need to do to get that not-so-DIY look.
Use free color matching service to get a designer look without designer prices. Lowe's home improvement store will match paint to anything you bring in, whether its a pillow or a swatch of fabric to an old sample. This lets you get your high end designer color into more affordable paint, and on to your walls without tanking your budget.
Shop discards in the paint section. Every store's paint section has a shelf or an end cap with already made colors that people have either returned, changed their minds about or never picked up in the first place. These gallons are deeply discounted because the store wants them gone and off the shelf, and you never know what color you might find. Take a quick walk through and you might just score.
Paint DOES go on sale. Sales aren't just for holiday decorations and school clothes. Big box home stores put paint on sale during summer holidays like Memorial Day, 4th of July and Labor Day. Paint companies like Sherwin Williams offer coupons throughout the year, and there are frequently big discounts and Buy 2 Get 1 Free sales at home improvement stores around the holidays when people are likely to fix up their homes for guests.
Hang on to your disposable stuff and left over paint. Clean your brushes thoroughly, rinse out your paint pans, fold up your plastic drapes and drop cloths. A little effort after a project will save you money next time. Also hang on to your extra paint. Instead of tossing it and then having to buy a new gallon to touch up dents and scratches, you'll already have everything that you need for free. Unopened paint kept indoors can be used up to TEN years after purchase. Opened cans of left over paint keep for around two years.
We had our dining room painted a grayish blue that I loved for years. Now I'm over it. The color that I picked to repaint was so close to the color we had painted our entryway, I decided to just use that old paint in the dining room and spent $0 on the new project.
Don't forget to ask for your discounts. Lowe's has a 10% off military discounts. Seniors, police, fire and students are also often offered percent discounts at check out. Also check out sites like RetailMeNot.com and AAA (if you're a member) for offers like free shipping and percents off a regular price order. If you're not sure if you qualify, ask the cashier "what discounts are available today?" The worst that can happen is they say "None."


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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'General Off-Topic Chat' started by Golds, Nov 26, 2006.
if so where is another place to get G6 Updates?
It looks like someone stole the domain! (Bizsure?)
there's some G6 files here:
This is so sad.
The Bizsure site felt almost like after you've had sex, and your girlfriend tells you she's human immunodeficiency virus positive. I'm sure you all know the feeling
wat has happend to the site?


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Olympian and American record holder in the 100 Free, Amanda Weir, will be the guest speaker for this years All Star banquet! Amanda swims at our SwimAtlanta in Lawrenceville. Swimmers must acheive a AAA time or better during the 2008 long course or 2008/2009 short course season. This years banquet will be held on Sunday, September 27 at the Hilton Atlanta Northeast. You must buy your ticket by Tuesday, September 22. For more information or ticket sales please visit www.gaswim.org
Our new facility at Midway Park in Cumming is now open! All of our prgrams are up and running. If you have any questions please call us at 770-888-0010.
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- Grow Your Business
- Community Capital
- Strengthen Your Community
- Develop Your Non-Profit
- Community Endowment
union county
Become a Local Business "Angel"
Want to support your neighborhood business? Be a small-town "angel" investor! Typical angel investors look for businesses that can grow quickly and then be sold. Small-town "angels" deal with smaller amounts of money and are interested in the long-term success of a business that will sustain a community, not abandon it."How to Be a Smart Local Investor" is a free, 3-hour seminar for people who want to support the entrepreneurs who are the foundation of our economy. The seminar provides a friendly and safe opportunity for participants to develop a personal framework for making investing decisions, and learn how to conduct due diligence and risk assessment. Participants will learn about different investment structures and have time to network.
An article in Forbes magazine notes that "there are between 25 million and 27 million small businesses in the U.S. that account for 60 to 80 percent of all U.S. jobs. And, a recent study by Paychex says that small businesses produce 13 times more patents than larger firms." These small businesses may not be glamorous, but they are the economic engine of our nation. And multi-million-dollar investors are not the only "angel" investors—investments of just hundreds of dollars can make a difference to a local business owner.
How can you help to keep this economic engine running smoothly? Find out at one of our upcoming seminars, taking place at 6 p.m.:
• Baker City: Wednesday, Jan. 18 at HatchLab Baker, 2019 Main St. POSTPONED
• La Grande: Thursday, Jan. 19 at Umpqua Bank, 1215 Adams Ave. POSTPONED
• Joseph: Monday, Jan. 23 at the Place, 303 S Lake St.
To register, call NEOEDD at 541-426-3598 or 800-645-9454, or email email@example.com.
NEOEDD Offers Free Website Workshop
Northeast Oregon Economic Development District (NEOEDD) is teaming up with MPzero Studios to provide a "Build Your Own Website" workshop this spring—free of charge! Pre-registration is required.
Build Your Own Website
Business owners will determine what they really need in a website, and then review the strengths and limitations of free website tools including Wix, Weebly, and WordPress. This two-day workshop will be held May 18 and 19 from 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. at the Tomas Room in the Wallowa County Chamber of Commerce office, 309 S River St., in Enterprise.
The workshops will be led by MPzero Studios, La Grande: Gabe Blodgett, co-owner and director of marketing and engineering, will be the lead instructor and Phil Stoaks, co-owner and director of design and customer service, will be the assistant trainer. MPzero provides a variety of web-design, branding and marketing services.
"These workshops are a great opportunity for business-owners to explore the options and tools that are available to promote their products or services," says NEOEDD Executive Director Lisa Dawson.
There is no fee to attend, but pre-registration is required. The cost of the workshops is covered by a Community Development Block Grant provided to Baker County, which requires confidential income verification of workshop participants. Contact firstname.lastname@example.com or 541-426-3598 to request a registration form.
NEOEDD Receives Grant to Develop Community Capital in NE Oregon
NEOEDD is pleased to announce that The Oregon Community Foundation (OCF) has awarded it $15,000 to support development of a "local financing ecosystem" to meet the needs of businesses and citizens in Baker, Union and Wallowa counties. NEOEDD was also invited to apply for additional OCF funds in 2014. The grant comes from two OCF funds, the Miller Charitable Fund and the Ward Family Fund.
"These funds will help us bring investing education and tools to the region in the coming year," says NEOEDD Executive Director Lisa Dawson. "Economic and community-development partners have laid some important groundwork, but there's a lot more to do to connect investors and entrepreneurs."
"Community Capital" gives local citizens the option to divert money from the global stock market (which does not benefit the region) into NE Oregon businesses. NEOEDD is part of the NE Oregon Community Capital Collaborative, a group of fouteen organizations working in conjunction with Springboard Innovation and its online platform, ChangeXchange Northwest, to launch a community capital program in NE Oregon. The Community Capital project is not an NEOEDD-sponsored investment fund, but a program of training and technical assistance to enable individuals to enter into legal investment arrangements with entrepreneurs and businesses of their choice.
"This program moves toward creating permanent, mutually beneficial relationships between community members who have capital and small-business owners who need capital to establish or grow their businesses," says Dawson. "We want to see a region that is full of engaged citizen-investors and vibrant, creative and successful business enterprises."
The Community Capital Collaborative is seeking additional partners, and volunteers for the following teams: Leadership, Marketing and Communications, Local Loyalty Point System, Local Impact Investing Opportunity Network (LIION), Education, and Event-Planning. If you are interested in getting involved, or want more information, please contact Lisa Dawson at email@example.com, 541-426-3598 or 800-645-9454.


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The Museum of Contemporary Art Zagreb
TRAG / TRACE / SPUR - Multimedia Performance
Zagreb Museum of Contemporary Art
27th September 2012 at 19.00 and 21.00 h – Premiere
28th September 2012 at 19.00 and 21.00 h
29th September 2012 at 19.00 and 21.00 h
TRAG / TRACE / SPUR - Multimedia Performance
Michaela Müller (Animated Painting on Glass)
Zrinka Šimičić Mihanović (Dance)
Fa Ventilato (Sounds and Music)
Trag /Trace /Spur is an experimental multimedia performance combining live dance movement, animated painting on glass and sound. Three artists and three media meet in a performing space that is constantly redefined by projections, shadows, sound and movement. Dance, sound and visual material are mutually driving each other, in causality and interaction new language as well as meaning is born. Each performance develops on the previous, while serving as a starting point for the next. All three artists process the sensory input from the other performers through their own medium, thus creating inspirations for their collaborators. At the same time, they create a universe that leaves the audience free to explore the combination of movement, live visuals and sounds according to their own personal experience.
Coproduction: Zagreb Museum of Contemporary Art
Michaela Müller
Zrinka Šimičić Mihanović
Dance_Lab Collective
Supported by: Kulturförderung Kanton St. Gallen
Ministery of Culture of Republic of Croatia
Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia
Zagreb City Office for Education, Culture and Sports
With help from Student Centre in Zagreb, University of Zagreb – Culture of Change – ITD Theatre.
Michaela Müller, filmmaker.
She obtained a diploma in Art Education at the Lucerne University of Applied Science and Arts and a Master in Animation and New Media at the Academy of Fine Arts, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
Focusing on social topics such as migration, the work of Michaela Müller explores the connections between paint and film, encompassing short animated films, installations and collaborations in a theatrical context such as opera and dance projects.
Her paint on glass animation Miramare (2009, 8 min) had its international premiere at the Cannes Film Festival 2010 and has been shown at more than 100 festivals since. It has won 18 prizes, among them the Grand Prix of Animateka in Ljubljana, the Centaur for the Best Debut Film at Message to Man Film Festival in St. Petersburg, Russia, and the Swiss Film Prize Quartz for Animation.
In 2012 Müller was an artist in residence at Location One, in SoHo, New York where she also showed her latest work, an animated video installation Location Scouting: Airport with the sound of Fa Ventilato.
Zrinka Šimičić Mihanović, contemporary dance artist. Her collaborations include Croatian and international artists such as: Irma Omerzo, Aleksandra Janeva Imfeld, BADco., Igor Grubić, Mié Coquempot, Denis Tricot etc. She obtained her M.A. in History of Art and French Language and Literature at University of Zagreb, Faculty of Philosophy.
Collaboration with visual artists and fusion between dance and visual language appear through different forms in her work. In two of her pieces ( Moveranje /Mover-ation and 7 tišina za 7 dana / 7 silences for 7 days ) she collaborated with the visual artist Martina Mezak. In both these performances, as well as in her last piece Titraji / Vibrations, the audience was invited to watch performance from an angle different than it is offered by the usual theatrical disposition. In the collaboration with Michaela Müller and Fa Ventilato she continues her research about a possible impact that sound and music can have on the interpretation of movement.
Fa Ventilato is a New York based sound artist and producer. His work, always within the variety of contemporary music, finds its way into film, animation, performance, art installations, dance theater or conceptual pop albums. Ventilato, basically self-thought, started drumming at the age of ten and attended different drum work shops in jazz with Alberto Canonico and improvisation with Pierre Favre. 1996 he moves straight into the East Village of New York City connected with its noise rock scene of the 90'. Later he merged into the world of home recording and experimental electronic music. Ventilato collaborated with the Swiss dance theatre company Sans Filtre and Octavia Cup by the canadian dancer/ choreographer Laura Ward.
As a performer Ventilato developed his unique style manipulating CDs in real time and has been invited to numerous collaborations with other musicians or solo performances in Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Germany and the U.S.
Recent activities include the sound design and music for the animated short film Miramare by Michaela Müller, the recording and creating of the sound library for a contemporary operetta buffa with talking birds and the composition of music for the documentary Vinylmania by Paolo Campana, Italy.
Reservations required at e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com or telephone: 01/ 6052 700 due to limited number of 20 spectators.
Entrance fee: 30 kn
Warning: You are currently viewing the simplified version of this site. Please download and install Flash Player to view the full version.
Copyright 2010 MSU Zagreb


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The matrix M has some interesting properties. It is used when simulating a portfolio of assets. The Cholesky decomposition separates a matrix E in two identical matrices M:
The matrix E is a matrix including the assets' correlation.The matrix M is called Cholesky matrix. It is a lower triangular matrix. Multiplying the Cholesky matrix M with simulated random vectors will give linearly correlated random returns (see P.Wilmott, Derivatives , 1998, p.682).


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Rtl All, All Windows Lan Adapter
GET error 10 on system hardware adapter to wireless card
on (control PANEL)
MOTHER BOARD matsonics 7308E
also the CD driver dont have firmware for windows
I'll try now loadown driver for it and let you know
what happen. Whit ZEW1605 card
thks a lot in advance"
Already tried it? Give your review.


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Middle Ages
The Middle Ages occurred around 1550 BCE in China, Egypt, Greece and Rome. The illustrated manuscripts led to the ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead. This book was used as a manual to aid the deceased in the afterlife. This is a superb example of early graphic design. Graphic designs such as this one were made of papyrus (leaves) and parchment (animal skin). Later on the Greek and Latin started to add illustrations along with writing as a contribution to the book production.


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StrengtheningFaith-Based Board Leadership
Charline has inspired thousands of people nationally and internationally with spiritually uplifting messages that raise hope and stir inner potential to higher levels toward quality living. Charline served as a church pastor for over twenty years. In addition to Seminary studies, Charline holds Bachelor of Arts Degrees in Sociology and Urban Studies, and a Master of Arts Degree in Human Resources Development. She serves as online adjunct faculty instructor for the Unity Urban Ministerial School where she has taught Ethics in Ministry, Homiletical Preaching and Working Effectively with Boards. Currently she serves on the Board of Directors of Unity World Headquarters at Unity Village. Charline has facilitated workshops, training programs, seminars and keynote addresses for over thirty years in various capacities. In her spare time Charline has authored five books and continues to write more. Her practical and down to earth approach to life and spirituality has given her the opportunity to be invited to speak to audiences internationally.
Charline E. Manuel
Founder and CEO
Certified Board Consultant*, Author, Spiritual Thought Leader, Inspirational Teacher and Speaker
We Empower Boards...
with effective governance and compassionate leadership strategies as they live their mission and make a difference in their communities.
Charline Manuel
Author Speaker Minister Board Relationship Expert
Organizations of Faith have an added responsibility in addition to good governance. By definition of their own mission they must strive to model the foundational ideal at the core of all faith-based organizations. Social values that honor and support a belief in service and helping others. The Board's greatest work may in fact be demonstrating that governance and compassion at the boardroom table can model social values of Harmony, Peace, and Wisdom on the leadership level. In fact, this may very well be their greatest work.
--Charline E. Manuel, Author, The Power of One Accord:
7 Spiritual Keys to Harness Synergy in the Boardroom


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MICHIGAN EDUCATION DIGEST August 3, 2004
Contents of this issue:
Federal court rules female sports schedule discriminatory
Parents paying for after-school activities amidst budget cuts
Homeschooling in Britain on the rise
Parents hold back students for athletic gain
Court strikes down Seattle race-based school assignments
Study: Fear of violence in schools leads to increased truancy
Michigan Supreme Court rules sports association not public entity
EAST LANSING, Mich. — The 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals last week declared the high school sports season discriminatory against females in some sports, a move that may force the Michigan High School Athletic Association to realign schedules beginning in 2005.
The suit against the MHSAA, originally filed in 1998, claimed that Michigan's female high schoolers were harmed in college recruitment and scholarship opportunities because their basketball and volleyball seasons are the opposite of collegiate seasons. State Superintendent Tom Watkins, who also holds one of 19 seats on the MHSAA governing council, wrote in a letter to the council that "the time is long past when MHSAA policies--the only ones of their kind in the nation--can stand in the way of many young women getting equal access to college athletic scholarship opportunities."
Officials with the MHSAA say that the claim of discrimination is unfounded because Michigan ranks sixth nationwide in the number of basketball scholarships granted to female high school athletes and fifth or sixth in volleyball scholarships. The council meets tomorrow to decide whether the MHSAA will appeal the Circuit Court decision. "Most of the feedback we've gotten from members tells us to fight on," MHSAA spokesman John Johnson said.
Detroit Free Press, "MHSAA board to consider options in gender equity suit," Aug. 2, 2004
Michigan High School Athletic Association, "MHSAA Statement On Sixth Circuit Court Of Appeals Decision In Sports Seasons Case," July 27, 2004
DETROIT, Mich. — Districts around the state are increasingly cutting funding for after-school programs and moving towards a "pay-to-play" system, where parents pick up the financial slack.
Individual districts can choose which programs to cut, ranging from sports programs to band and drama clubs. Martin Ackley, spokesman for the Michigan Department of Education, told the Detroit News that the problem stems from the passage of Proposal A in 1994, which shifted a portion of school funding from local to state taxes, among other sources. "Schools have been forced to tighten their belts, with even the wealthier districts having problems," he said.
Many schools increased funding for extracurricular programs and activities after per-pupil state education moneys increased by 50 percent in the seven years after the passage of Proposal A. The recent downturn in state tax receipts, however, has forced schools to reconsider these programs.
Tom White, director of Lansing-based Michigan School Business Officials, said he conducted an informal poll of school districts around the state and found that 32 percent of districts would consider raising fees for after-school activities.
Detroit News, "Budget cuts force families to pay for extra activities," Aug. 3, 2004
Mackinac Center for Public Policy, "School Funding, Proposal A, and Property Taxes,"
November 2001
Michigan Education Report, "Proposal A provided more money, but better management needed," Fall 2001
Mackinac Center for Public Policy, "The Six Habits of Fiscally Responsible Public School Districts," December 2002
LONDON, England — Homeschool advocates in England report that more parents than ever are opting out of the traditional school system and turning to home-based education.
According to Education Otherwise, a homeschool advocacy group for parents and students around the country, more than 100 students per month have been joining its ranks. A recent article in the Guardian reported that 25,000 to 150,000 children are homeschooled in England, for varying reasons. "I don't think that people take on home educating lightly," said Belinda Harris Reed, a parent of two homeschooled children and a member of Education Otherwise. "Now most people take their children out of school because of bullying — not, like me, for a philosophical viewpoint."
The shift toward home-based education has brought opposition from several groups, including the Professional Association of Teachers, which called on the government "as a matter of urgency" to increase its oversight of homeschoolers. The government has not yet decided whether it will do so, but a spokesman for the Department for Education and Skills told the Guardian, "We believe that for most children school is the right place in which to receive education. However, parents have the right to educate their children at home if they so wish."
The Guardian, "More parents choose to educate children at home," July 30, 2004
Mackinac Center for Public Policy, "Home Schoolers Make Case for School Choice," May 2002
Michigan Education Report, "Home schooling works, study finds," Aug. 15, 1999
LOS ANGELES, Calif. — Parents and school administrators report that an increasing number of students are held back by their parents to gain a competitive edge in sports, according to the Los Angeles Times.
Though no official data exist on the phenomenon, many parents said the practice has been occurring quietly for decades. The issue received exposure in Texas during the 1980s, said education officials there, after they noticed a substantial increase in the number of parents holding their children back. "There was almost an entire class of youngsters held back in one of our schools," said Bill Farney, director of the University Interscholastic League in Texas. "All the kids repeated seventh grade," he said. "It was a collective decision on the part of the parents. They just sort of decided together."
With the exception of Texas, there have been no inquiries into the practice, which many parents see as an acceptable strategy; many students held back for competitive reasons play varsity throughout high school and go on to compete in college. "I never saw the negative," said Jim Clausen, father of three children who excelled in high school sports. "We thought it was important for our kids to be leaders instead of followers."
Los Angeles Times, "Held Back to Get Ahead," July 29, 2004
http://www.latimes.com/news/education/la-sp-redshirt29jul29,1,2033039.story ?coll=la-news-learning
SEATTLE, Wash. — A federal appeals court last week struck down by a vote of 2-1 the Seattle school district's race-based school assignment system, citing last year's Supreme Court ruling against the University of Michigan's "points" system, which favored certain races.
Though decisions systems that consider race are still legal, these systems must pass a "narrow tailoring" test that focuses on race-neutral factors, such as academic performance and economic background. The Seattle district's system "reveal[s] an unadulterated pursuit of racial proportionality that cannot possibly be squared with the demands of the Equal Protection Clause," according to the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals majority opinion.
The Seattle system, in place since the 2000-2001 school year, used race as a deciding factor in assigning children to schools that were overenrolled and deviated more than 15 percent from the district's average proportion of white and minority students. Though the court characterized the district's attempt at diversity as laudable, it stressed that using race as a deciding factor was in violation of constitutional principles.
Seattle Times, "Seattle schools' racial tiebreaker ruled improper," July 28, 2004
http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/education/ 2001990649_skuls28m.html
Mackinac Center for Public Policy, "Is Affirmative Action the Right Fight?" June 2004
WASHINGTON, D.C. — A study released last week by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows that although incidents of violence in schools decreased in the last 12 years, the number of students skipping school to avoid violence has increased.
Using a survey of students taken biannually from 1991 to 2003, the CDC analyzed subgroups of students by sex, race and age to determine its aggregate results. Accordingly, the CDC found that in 1991, 4.4 percent of students said they had skipped at least one day of school out of fear of violence, compared to 5.4 percent in 2003, a statistically significant increase. The number peaked in 2001 at 6.6 percent.
The percentage of students reporting they had been in a fight dropped from 42.5 percent in 1991 to 33 percent in 2003. Fewer students reported carrying a weapon onto school property in the same time period, but the number of students indicating they had been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property increased by 1.5 percentage points.
The Associated Press, "Truancy Due to Fear Rises, Study Finds," July 30, 2004
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Violence-Related Behaviors Among High School Students, 1991 to 2003," July 30, 2004
Michigan Education Report, "'Zero-tolerance' policies aim to reduce school violence," Fall 2001
LANSING, Mich. — In the third ruling on the subject, a five-member majority of the Michigan Supreme Court found that the Michigan High School Athletic Association is not a public entity, precluding it from requests under the Freedom of Information Act.
An earlier decision by a state circuit court found that the MHSAA is a public entity and therefore subject to FOIA's transparency rules. However, a Michigan Court of Appeals ruling overturned the circuit court's finding and was upheld in the Supreme Court case.
The case stems from a MHSAA ruling that disqualified a high school student from entering a MHSAA-sanctioned ski race. The student's family then requested a copy of the rule from the organization under the FOIA statutes, but was denied access to it.
According to the Supreme Court majority, 90 percent of the organization's funding comes from nonpublic sources, namely gate receipts at school sporting events. Because the majority of funding is not from the state, the court ruled that the MHSAA is not a public body and therefore does not have to submit to information requests under FOIA.
Traverse City Record Eagle, "MHSAA ruled private entity," Aug. 1, 2004
Michigan Supreme Court Opinion, "Martin B. Breighner III V. Michigan High School Athletic Association," July 29, 2004
http://courtofappeals.mijud.net/documents/OPINIONS/FINAL/SCT/ 20040729_S123529_53_breighner11mar04_op.pdf
MICHIGAN EDUCATION DIGEST is a service of Michigan Education Report ( http://www.educationreport.org), a quarterly newspaper with a circulation of 130,000 published by the Mackinac Center for Public Policy ( http://www.mackinac.org), a private, nonprofit, nonpartisan research and educational institute.
Contact Managing Editor Neil Block at
To subscribe or unsubscribe, go to:


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Investors bet on another good year for US equities
After three consecutive years of double digit gains for US equities, Wall Street analysts are optimistic the current bull market has the legs to run up higher.
Equity strategists have entered 2015 confident that the S&P 500 will accumulate at least a gain of 8 per cent this year, driving the benchmark beyond 2,200 and representing a threefold rise from the low of early 2009, when the current bull run began.
For all the customary optimism of analysts and investors, there is a note of caution as the long standing bull market has certainly priced in a robust recovery for the US economy and thus remains vulnerable should global headwinds and the slide in commodity prices weigh in the coming months.
Investors have already seen how a falling oil price rebounds on markets with the 1.8 per cent drop in the S&P 500 that opened the week as oil dropped to a five and a half year low.
A further advance for large companies within the broad S&P 500 will depend largely on the Federal Reserve's plan to tighten monetary policy - and the volatility it could introduce into the market - along with a stabilisation in crude prices, a strengthening US dollar and a rebound in economic activity in Europe and Asia.
"When we combine a solid economy with a still 'mindful' Fed and a corporate America that has sufficient cash on hand to help continue a mergers and acquisition consolidation trend ... it becomes reasonable to expect a further rally in the S&P 500 in 2015," says Julian Emanuel, a strategist with UBS.
For the coming year, strategists see the S&P 500 climbing 8.3 per cent to 2,229, according to a survey of 19 investment banks and brokerages conducted by the Financial Times.
The 2015 forecasts range from a low of 2,100 for the benchmark index from Goldman Sachs and Barclays to a high of 2,340 by Canaccord Genuity, gains of between 2 per cent and 14 per cent.
And it is not just the sellside that is proving bullish on stocks: institutional investors are betting it will be the best performing asset class in 2015, a survey from Natixis Global Asset Management shows.
"I would overweight US and overweight stocks that tend to derive more of their earnings from the US, a theme that has been working for a little while now," David Joy, chief market strategist at Ameriprise Financial, says. "Returns from the equity markets are going to be demonstrably better than they are from the bond market."
Shallow interest rate rises in the US will probably temper volatility in the new year, analysts say, adding that share buybacks, which hit a US$550bn annualised pace in the third quarter, could add a pillar of stability when the Fed begins to normalise policy.
However, despite near consensus that the US economy will outperform most other developed countries next year, not everyone thinks this spells good news for US equities.
Analysts at HSBC recommend underweighting US stocks in favour of European equities, forecasting 9 per cent earnings per share growth for the former and 13 per cent for the latter - in part because they expect a stronger dollar to weigh on US earnings and a weaker euro to help European exporters.
"US earnings are at record highs and are vulnerable to disappointment," they argue. "The market also looks expensive across a range of valuation metrics."
Diverging monetary policy in China, Japan and from the European Central Bank may also lift foreign equity markets. Strategists from Citi say recent European client meetings have shown fund managers "torn between a stronger US economy and expectations of an appreciating dollar versus arguably more attractive valuations and easing monetary policies elsewhere".
The stronger dollar and weaker oil prices will have a huge effect on US equities in 2015. However, the impact may not always be positive.
Analysts at Deutsche Bank argue that softer oil prices and a strong currency will limit earnings per share for S&P 500 companies to a single-digit growth rate, despite predicting at least a 3 per cent rise in US economic growth.
Companies with a large chunk of their earnings from overseas are also on the sell list due to the impact of the stronger dollar next year.
However, areas such as consumer discretionary, where lower oil prices and a stronger labour market should lead to increased household spending, are seen as doing well.
Financials are also tipped as potential outperformers due to the expected increase in interest rates by the Fed, as well as lower litigation costs in 2015 than the previous year.
Despite the expected market gains, 2015 will probably "prove to be another challenging year for active equity managers", Goldman Sachs warns.
"High valuation and rising rates mean limited S&P 500 gain," Goldman's David Kostin says. The "median stock in [the] S&P 500 currently trades at nearly 18 times forward earnings, a multiple experienced only 2 per cent of the time since 1976".
(c) The Financial Times Limited 2015


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The Modern Marketing Manifesto challenges marketers to be creative and innovative. But how do we as marketers do this.
David Sealey who is completing his MBA disertation on Disruptive Innovation in Retail Markets discusses how marketers can innovate.
The Modern Marketing Manifesto is absolutely spot on. One of the challenges it sets for marketers is to design services and products with innovation and creativity.
I believe that all of us have the imagination to be both creative and innovative within out industry. You don't need to be able to draw to be creative, and you don't need to have the word innovation in your job title to be an innovator.
Four rules to innovate by
Allow me to dispel a myth surrounding Disruptive Innovation: you do not need to work in a start-up to develop Disruptive Innovations.
In fact, recent research has shown that large incumbent firms are just as likely to intoduce Disruptive Innovations as new lean entrants.
My point is that the type of business you're in or its size is irrelevant to achieving the desired outcome. Therefore regardless of your organisation, job description or experience you can drive forward the innovation agenda.
Rule one: know your customers, but more importantly, know those who will never be your customer
Businesses produce a product (which may be a service). Individuals or businesses then consume that product. As time progresses, the business improves the product to enhance it's performance. They make it smaller, cheaper, shinier, faster, more reliable etc. This is called a sustaining innovation.
It's what Apple is currently doing with the iPhone and iPad when it makes it smaller or faster. It's attempting to meet increasing performance demands from its customer base with improvements in the base product.
However as the product performance improves, the low-end of the market remains or becomes left out. They can't afford the latest innovations and so don't purchase at all. Depending on the market this could be a major group. If you can create a product that matches their performance expectation (features, performance and price) then you've disrupted the market by bringing a whole new group of people into it.
Consider who does not buy what you and your competitors offer? What performance attributes are important to them? What is the minimum set of features they need and how cheaply can this be produced for?
Alternatively, consider a market you're keen to advance in to and examine the same questions in that market.
Rule two: monitor the market
Whilst competitor research is nothing new for marketers, monitoring the innovation radar is somewhat different.
Firstly you need to identify markets that don't exist where there is a market. By a market I'm referring to a set of business competing in terms of the same performance measures.
To draw on Apple again, the smartphone market is competing around camera megapixels, screen resolution/clarity, price, apps, processor speed, memory. Finding new performance measures that consumers value and then exploiting those measures is a non-market disruptive innovation.
Secondly monitor start-ups in your supply chain. Specifically watch out for firms that are winning new rounds of funding or being acquired by bigger players. This acquisition of capability represents a shift in the market that you need to be ready for.
Rule three: prototype with emerging technology
Innovations can relate to technology, business models and products. However new technologies increase the likelihood of disruptive innovations in business model or products. Therefore businesses should prototype rapidly with new technologies to see what could be achieved.
The key point with this prototyping is not to expect a massive breakthrough. Do expect a result from it though (new product, faster development time, ability to cut cost).
If that result doesn't come learn from what you did and move on. Failing fast is ok.
Rule four: Innovate with your partners
Upstream and downstream partners can offer major opportunities to find innovations. Talk with them regularly. Be an iconoclast, ready and eager to tear down the way things were normally done to find a simpler or better way. Look for opportunites to co-develop and prototype market ideas. Turn the opportunity to innovate over to your customers. Returning to the Apple analogy; the iPhone's success must be largely attributed to the apps that were developed for it. Apple created a set of partners and gave them the freedom and tools to innovate on their platform.
Recent examples of Disruptive Innovation
I've scanned recent news stories and announcements to find examples of innovations that could one day be disruptive.
An innovation is not simply disruptive by being new or different. To be disruptive it must challnege the prevailing market performance expectations.
ANAR billboard that targets children
ANAR designed a bill board that changed when viewed at a child's height. A great example of focussing on a different consumer group.
Tata Nano car
The world's cheapest car. An example of a low-end disruptive product innovation that targets those who couldn't afford cars with a set of performance attributes that the mass market of car buyers would find unappealing.
Adobe Creative Cloud
Business model innovation from Adobe that allows designers to pay monthly rather than make a large one off capital payment.
Barclays Family Springboard mortgage
Excellent product innovation from Barclays that introduces a new set of performance measures for an existing product. Parents can invest in their children's property purchase and get their cash back plus interest in a three year period.
Nokia's phones for emerging markets
Whilst Apple and Samsung are battling it out in the smart phone market Nokia has been beavering away at creating low-end disruptive innovations for emerging markets with cheap handsets that offer incredible battery life.
Amazon Redshift
A technology innovation from Werner Vogel's team of geniuses at Amazon Web Services. Previously setting up a scalable data warehouse was expensive and time consuming. Now Amazon allow you to fire up a Petabyte scale data warehouse with nothing more than a credit card and a free copy of SQL Workbench.
Dollar Shave Club
A simple idea that provides razor blades on a subscription basis.
What exactly is a Disruptive Innovation?
Being new or different does not make your innovation disruptive.
To truly be disruptive the innovation must actually be disrupting an existing market. In terms of classical management theory on the matter, this means that the innovation is targetting either low-end consumers in a market or creating new markets for those who previously did not consume in the existing market.
This coincides with the entreprenurial theory that markets are mortal and that to become immortal, firms must shift into new markets or ideally create new markets.
Disruptive Innovations are not necessarily technological. They also include business model, manufacturing and product innovation - although these are often brought to pass by the emergence of new technologies. Certainly this has been the case with Spotify and iTunes who utilised high speed internet and technology innovations to create businesses that disrupted the traditional model of music sales.
Having spent the last few months researching this topic (particualy innovation in the retail market) I feel confident in saying that firms must innovate or be disrupted. Our role as marketers is understand customers and markets and utilise the resources of the business in meeting those needs.
Comments (5)
Disruptive innovation is only related to the newer market lower value products or it can be newer market higher value products. Will you please give an example in which the innovator tap the newer market with high priced product, and still be called as disruptive innovator. Or disruptive innovation is only for low end market.
An example of a high end disruptive product is FactionBikeCo's 22" wheel BMX. It is aimed at adults, has introduced a new level of performance and has introduced a new wheel and tire size to the bicycle market.
It doesn't cannibalize the existing market but attracts older riders from the MTB scene.
@Skeed: Check out this diagram to understand the different models of innoavtion:
Low-end disruptions emerge by targeting with low performance expectations
New market disruptions target non consumers such as the example by @Sandro. They target people who wouldn't have purchased a BMX by creating a new performance attribute that those people will value (bigger wheels).
Another example is the iPad. It created an entirely new market by creating a new set of performance attributes.
@Sandro Thanks for the example.
David, congrats on selecting the topic of Disruptive Innovation as your thesis topic and good luck and godspeed as you complete your masters degree. While I commend you for looking not jsut outside the box but in an entirely different box (which is where Disruptive Innovation begins) to find the explosive growth opportunities for the future, for the displacement/replacement of incumbents to take place, one must select a box in which the incumbents cannot compete - otherwise you end up just creating a niche and not an entirely new paradigm (which is where you want to be).
In that regard, while the height-responsive billboard is a intriguing, it really is just an improvement on the non-height-responsive billboard. And while Tata is investing in an intelligent competitive strategy by introducing a car to India, the migration from animal-drawn carriage and cartage to one which is motorized is not going to change the nature of the way things are done in India (or China) and more (or differently) than it did in wealthier countries with smaller populations. You'll still get pollution and gridlock and road-building crews, just like anywhere else.
Low-end does not define Disruptive Innvoation (the iPad is/was anything but low-end), it just happened to be a paradoxical characteristic of the Disruptive Innovations that first drew Christensen's attention. And doing something "out of the box" in order to expand the box or make your way into it is also not Disruptive in the meaningful sense of the term, but rather it is starting in a DIFFERENT box which, with further development, has the potential to overwhelm and deplete the support systems (customer, suppliers, investors) of resources needed by incumbents there to survive.
We discuss this all the time at linkedin "dot" com/groups/Disruptive-Innovation-1837479 where you'd be most welcome join and help us evaluate cases of Disruptive Innovation (or not) as they come to our attention.
Thank you for your article.
My interest in disruptive innovation spans years back when I was involved with a start up succeeding to disrupt a Sun microsystem solution. I subsequently wrote a business case study around that story for INSEAD, and much of the work we do at the consulting firm i co-founded (this fluid world) is around helping large organisations understand and capitalise on the changes facing them today.
There is often a confusion over whether an innovation is radical or incremental, and I guess this is open for interpretation.
However, I believe that the concept of a disruptive innovation is pretty clear. A disruptive technology is one that, when introduced, either radically transforms markets, creates wholly new markets, or destroys existing markets for other technologies, and so by extension a disruptive innovation is one that, when introduced, either radically transforms markets, creates wholly new markets, or destroys existing markets.
The disruptive innovation debate is important because it would be a shame if we allowed for this term to be loosely used for any relatively new ideas entering the market, as it is an important business concept that should not be taken lightly, especially in these times of change where we are facing prolific disruption. Something organisations must make very seriously, hence why I am making this comment.
Looking at the examples the author mentions, ANAR billboard that targets children, Adobe Creative Cloud , Barclays Family Springboard mortgage, Dollar Shave Club I see clear example of product and business model innovation. What I do not see is an industry that has been disrupted, nor a market, hence what I don't see is a disruptive innovation. Maybe this is because the author separates disruptive innovation from real disruptive innovation, where I believe such distinction does not exist, a technology or innovation is either disruptive or it is not disruptive.
The one example mentioned that I believe had the potential of being disruptive is the Tata nano car. However five years after launch the company has sold just 229,157 Nanos in total in India--and is now considering a move upmarket to encourage sales. Again, I see no disrupted industry or market. If this had been the case Tata would have had to fundamentally change how cars are made, sold and priced in a way that forced the industry to follow suite. In this case however, the appositive seem to have happened.
I am also surprised to read about the research showing that large incumbent firms are just as likely to introduce disruptive innovations as new lean entrants. I do not know the source or the details of the research, but most research to date shows that issues such as myopia, legacy, risk aversion etc makes it hard for any large organisation to innovate, and by that rational even harder to disrupt.
However, my initial thoughts (caveat I have not seen the research referred to) is that we may face a semantic issue here 1) how does this research define disruptive innovation and 2) introducing disruptive innovations is not the dame as actually developing them i.e large organisations can acquire the innovation or achieve it through collaboration, this does not mean the developed the innovation.
A have written more on this subject in the Amazon's Kindle Fire is not a disruptive Innovation (I ask the reader to bare in mind that Jobs was still with us when it was written influencing my opinion of the future of Apple). http://www.liriandersson.com/amazons-kindle-fire-is-not-a-disruptive-innovation/
Again thanks for your piece and would love to know more about your thesis.


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Download the authoritative guide: Enterprise Data Storage 2018: Optimizing Your Storage Infrastructure
Using Fusion-io's system, storage staff label every storage volume they create as either mission critical, business critical, or not critical – with the proviso that no more than half the total system capacity can be labelled as mission critical.
"We have a filter stack, and every I/O block that is sent or requested goes through some intelligence to understand it. Then if it is a mission critical request for data it gets priority at any storage bottlenecks," says McCall.
Staff can also give applications a speed requirement rating from 1 to 5, which affects the priority of storage traffic, so they actually have two ways of controlling application performance: an application's criticality and its speed rating. The software then juggles the data onto solid state or spinning media, and prioritizes it through the I/O bottlenecks to try to ensure that the application performance is what it needs to be.
At the other end of the market, Colorado-based SolidFire offers a range of three all-flash scale-out storage systems with QoS for use in public and large private cloud infrastructures. These allow administrators to set capacity and performance separately, and "dial up" or "dial down" performance for each application as necessary. Cloud providers can even expose these controls to customers so that they can alter performance themselves.
"This lets service providers deliver exactly what they promise to customers," says Jay Prassl, SolidFire's marketing VP. "Cloud providers are all about application density, and as you step that up, if you can't control application performance any other way then you have to over-allocate storage, which is very inefficient."
SolidFire's system stripes every application across every SSD, and when performance is dialed up for a particular app, more IOPs are called from each drive. "That means I can deliver 100 IOPs for one app, and get 1,000 IOPs for another," he explains. He adds that while hybrid systems work for small and mid-market customers, he believes that at the high end the unpredictability in performance when data is migrated back and forth between spinning and solid state disks means that the only practical option is to go all solid state.
Right now storage systems that offer QoS are the exception rather than the rule, and Forrester's Baltazar guesses it will be some years before they become commonplace. "Vendors are only now getting to point of delivering QoS, and customers and consultants will have to be educated. Then there will have to be testing, policies drawn up and methodologies devised, so there will be a QoS learning process," he says.
That means that despite the availability of products such as Fusion-io's and SolidFire's, the storage QoS revolution has only just begun. "It will almost certainly become standard eventually like thin provisioning, but don't expect it to happen overnight," he concludes.
Photo courtesy of Shutterstock.


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Home > Press > CNSE Student Honored with Nation's Most Prestigious Undergraduate Award for Scientific Study: In receiving 2012 Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship, CNSE sophomore Sheila Smith is believed to be the first ever to be recognized in the field of nanotechnology
The College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering (CNSE) of the University at Albany announced today that Sheila Smith, a sophomore majoring in Nanoengineering, has been named a recipient of the prestigious 2012 Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship, which is the nation's premier undergraduate award for outstanding students in the fields of science, engineering and mathematics.
SUNY Board Chairman H. Carl McCall said, "It is a pleasure to congratulate Sheila Smith of the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering for her recognition as a recipient of the Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship. This distinction not only reflects positively on her outstanding achievements in the classroom and laboratory, but also on CNSE as an unparalleled training ground for our nation's best and brightest young scientists, and on SUNY as a home for educational and research excellence in scientific discovery and exploration."
CNSE Senior Vice President and CEO Dr. Alain Kaloyeros said, "In support of Governor Andrew Cuomo's leadership and commitment to continuing to build New York's globally recognized nanotechnology economy, the UAlbany NanoCollege is delighted to congratulate Sheila Smith on this prestigious recognition. As the first CNSE undergraduate to receive the Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship, and the first ever in the field of nanotechnology, Sheila is an embodiment of the educational and research excellence that sets CNSE students apart, and gives New York a competitive advantage in developing the highly skilled workforce that is necessary for success in the 21st century innovation economy."
One of fewer than 300 students nationwide to be recognized, Smith is believed to be the first student engaged in the field of nanotechnology ever to receive the award.
Smith is conducting research that targets the development of new materials and processes to enhance the speed, functionality and energy efficiency of devices ranging from cellphones and laptops to LEDs and solar cells. Working with her adviser, CNSE Associate Professor of Nanoengineering Dr. F. Shadi Shahedipour-Sandvik, her research uses photoluminescence techniques to analyze the fundamental optical properties of GaN-based materials to help determine their application and performance. Smith plans to eventually pursue her graduate degree in Nanoengineering at CNSE.
Additionally, CNSE sophomore Zachary Olmsted received an Honorable Mention. A Nanoengineering major advised by CNSE Associate Professor of Nanobioscience Dr. Janet Paluh, he studies nanomotors and bio-synthetic devices that utilize self-assembly paradigms to enable next generation nanomanufacturing platforms. His research also facilitates advances in "lab-on-a-chip" for point-of-care test results in medical patients. He plans to pursue an M.D./Ph.D. in Nanomedicine, a joint program of the UAlbany NanoCollege and SUNY Downstate Medical Center.
The goal of the Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship is to alleviate a critical current and future shortage of highly qualified scientists, mathematicians, and engineers in the United States, and to provide a continuing source of highly qualified individuals to those fields of academic study and research. The award comes with $15,000 in funding for Smith's undergraduate study over the next two years.
The Goldwater Scholars were selected on the basis of academic merit from a field of more than 1,000 mathematics, science, and engineering students who were nominated by the faculties of colleges and universities nationwide. Recent Goldwater Scholars have been awarded 77 Rhodes Scholarships, 108 Marshall Awards, 98 Churchill Scholarships and numerous other distinguished fellowships.
About UAlbany NanoCollege
The UAlbany CNSE is the first college in the world dedicated to education, research, development and deployment in the emerging disciplines of nanoscience, nanoengineering, nanobioscience and nanoeconomics. With more than $14 billion in high-tech investments, CNSE represents the world's most advanced university-driven research enterprise, offering students a one-of-a-kind academic experience and providing over 300 corporate partners with access to an unmatched ecosystem for leading-edge R&D and commercialization of nanoelectronics and nanotechnology innovations. CNSE's footprint spans upstate New York, including its Albany NanoTech Complex, an 800,000-square-foot megaplex with the only fully-integrated, 300mm wafer, computer chip pilot prototyping and demonstration line within 85,000 square feet of Class 1 capable cleanrooms. More than 2,700 scientists, researchers, engineers, students and faculty work here, from companies including IBM, Intel, GlobalFoundries, SEMATECH, Samsung, TSMC, Toshiba, Applied Materials, Tokyo Electron, ASML and Novellus Systems. An expansion now underway, part of which will house the world's first Global 450mm Consortium, will add nearly 500,000 square feet of next-generation infrastructure, an additional 50,000 square feet of Class 1 capable cleanrooms, and more than 1,000 scientists, researchers and engineers from CNSE and global corporations. In addition, CNSE's Solar Energy Development Center in Halfmoon provides a prototyping and demonstration line for next-generation CIGS thin-film solar cells. CNSE's Smart Systems Technology and Commercialization Center of Excellence (STC) in Rochester offers state-of-the-art capabilities for MEMS fabrication and packaging. CNSE also co-founded and manages operations at the Computer Chip Commercialization Center at SUNYIT in Utica and is a co-founder of the Nanotechnology Innovation and Commercialization Excelerator in Syracuse.
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Some of New York's street fire alarms date back to 1912, which is when this design first appeared. Variations on this theme have been carried down over the years, before more streamlined versions began appearing in the late 1950s. Since the 19-teens, lampposts, stoplights, and various sign stanchions have changed fashion every few years, yet these stalwarts, as well as the fire hydrants also used to douse conflagrations, have remained immutable and unchanging.
In the 1990s, some of them were taken out of service, as youths and pranksters ever more used them for calling in false alarms. And, along with its other lamentable traits, the wireless telephone has made fire alarms more and more redundant.
The New York City public is uncaring about the lengthy history these fancifully designed stanchions represent, and expresses its disdain for that history by repurposing these proud veterans as trash receptacles.


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