text:
Meg Kinnear, Introduction, ICSID, in Arbitration under International Investment Agreements: A Guide to the Key Issues, Second Edition, Katia Yannaca-Small ed., Oxford University Press (forthcoming, 2017)
Meg Kinnear, Co-author with Francisco Grob, Asian Agricultural Products Limited v. Sri Lanka: 25 Years Later, Arbitrating for Peace, Centennial Anniversary of the Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce, Wolters Kluwer International (January 2017)
Michael J Moser, Chiann Bao, A Guide to the HKIAC Arbitration Rules. Oxford University Press (Feb 2017).
Antonio R. Parra, The History of ICSID (2nd Edition). Oxford University Press (Feb 2017).
John Fellas and Rebeca Mosquera, "Pitfalls that Chinese Parties Should Avoid in Arbitration Against Non-Chinese Parties" in 19 Asian Dispute Review 1 (2017) pp. 15–21.
Carolyn B. Lamm and Karthik Nagarajan, "The Continuing Evolution of Investor-State Arbitration as a Dynamic and Resilient Form of Dispute Settlement" in 5 Indian Journal of Arbitration Law 2 (2017) pp. 93-122.
Philippe Pinsolle and Suhaib Al-Ali, "How Arbitrators Should Treat Prior Awards Rendered on the Same Contract" in 5 Indian Journal of Arbitration Law 2 (2017) pp. 43-54.
Ank Santens and Jaroslav Kudrna, "The State of Play of Enforcement of Emergency Arbitrator Decisions" in 34 Journal of International Arbitration 1 (2017) pp. 1–15.
Niuscha Bassiri, Maarten Draye (eds.), Arbitration in Belgium. Kluwer Law International (2016).
Ulf Franke, Annette Magnusson, Joel Dahlquist (eds.), Arbitrating for Peace: How Arbitration Made a Difference. Kluwer Law International (2016).
Richard Kreindler, Reinmar
Wolff and Markus S. Rieder, Commercial Arbitration in
Germany. Oxford University
Press (2016).
Crenguta Leaua, Flavius-Antoniu Baias (eds.), Arbitration in Romania: A Practitioner's Guide. Kluwer Law International (2016).
Marike Paulsson, The 1958 New York Convention in Action.Kluwer Law International (2016).
Mohamed S. Abdel Wahab, "Brexit's Chilling Effect on Choice of Law and Arbitration in the United Kingdom: Practical Reflections Between Aggravation and Alleviation" in 33 Journal of International Arbitration 4/1 (2016) pp. 463–481.
Karim Abou Youssef "Consent Ltd.: A Brief History of Egypt's Ministerial Approval Requirement for Arbitration of State Contracts and Why It Should Be Abolished" in BCDR International Arbitration Review (no 1, 2016) pp. 33-46.
K.H. Ameli, Ilias Bantekas, et al. "Task Force Paper regarding the proposed International Court System (ICS)" European Federation for Investment Law and Arbitration (2016)
Massimo Benedettelli, "Applying the UNIDROIT Principles in International Arbitration: An Exercise in Conflict" in 33 Journal of International Arbitration 6 (2016) pp. 653–686.
Klaus Peter Berger, "To what extent should arbitrators respect domestic case law? The German experience regarding the Law on Standard Terms" in Vol 32 Arbitration International 2 (2016) pp 243-259.
Jennifer Cabrera, Dante Figueroa, Herfried Wöss, "The administrative contract, non-arbitrability, and the recognition and execution of awards annulled in the country of origin: the case of Commissa v. Pemex", (2016) 32 Arbitration International 1, 125-48.
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Party-Appointed Arbitrators
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Duarte Gorjão Henriques, "Arbitrability of disputes in computer program rights under the Portuguese Law: General Overview".
Mélida Hodgson, "Churchill Mining PLC and Planet Mining Pty Ltd v Republic of Indonesia: Procedural Order No 15: Reconsideration under the ICSID Convention: No Award Required" in 31 ICSID Review 1 (2016) pp 1-8.
Malcolm Holmes, Luke Nottage, Robert Tang, "The 2016 Rules of the Australian Centre for International Commercial Arbitration: Towards Further 'Cultural Reform'" in 12 Asian International Arbitration Journal 2 (2016) pp. 211–234.
Jean-Christophe Honlet, "Recent decisions on third-party funding
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Ben Juratowitch, "Waiver of State Immunity and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards" (2016) 6 Asian Journal of International Law 199.
Philippe Leboulanger, "Mixed Courts of Egypt and International Arbitration" (3, No 1, 2016) pp. 23-32.
Judith Levine, "Climate Change Disputes: The PCA, The Paris Agreement and Prospects for Future Arbitrations" in The ACICA Review (4, No. 1, 2016)
Marike Paulsson, "Arbitrating and enforcing against States in Latin America: An agreement without strings attached: imposing parochial notions of the sovereign", v.6, n. 15 Revista Comercialista (2016) pp 37-45.
Manuel Pereira Barrocas, "A arbitragem no direito da União Europeia" in 13 Revista Brasileira de Arbitragem 52 (2016) pp. 55–67.
Steffen Pihlblad and Johan Tufte-Kristensen, "Challenge Decisions at the Danish Institute of Arbitration", in 33 Journal of International Arbitration 6 (2016) pp. 577–651.
Hilmar Raeschke-Kessler, "The Arbitrator Nominated by an Insolvency Receiver or Liquidator and Conflicts of Interest" in 34 ASA Bulletin 4 (2016) pp. 866-875.
Christophe Seraglini "Le droit applicable à l'autorité de la chose jugée dans l'arbitrage" in Revue de l'Arbitrage (2016, No 1, 2016) pp. 51-75
Stephan Wilske, "Linguistic and Language Issues in International Arbitration - Problems, Pitfalls or Paranoia?", in 9 Contemporary Asia Arbitration Journal 2 (Nov 2016) pp. 159-196.
Stephan Wilske and Chloë Edworthy, "The Essential Qualities of an Arbitrator - What Appointing Parties Must, Should and May Like to Consider" in 23 Croatian Arbitration Yearbook (2016) pp. 101-119.
Stephan Wilske, "Significant Differences in International Arbitration in the "East" and the "West": Myth, Reality, or Lost in Globalization?" in Lo, Chang-fa, Li, Nigel, Lin, Tsai-yu, eds., Legal Thoughts between the East and the West in the Multilevel Legal Order – A Liber Amicorum in Honour of Professor Herbert Han-Pao Ma, Springer (Nov 2016) pp. 543-553.
Herfried Wöss, "Systemic Aspects and the Need for Codification of International Tort Law Standards", in Andrea K. Bjorklund, John Gaffney, Fabien Gélinas, Herfried Wöss (eds.), TDM Special on CETA
Domitille Baizeau and Bernd Ehle (eds.), Stories from the Hearing Room: Experience from Arbitral Practice (Essays in Honour of Michael E. Schneider). Kluwer Law International (2015).
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K.H. Ameli, "Iranian Law of Loss of Profits in International Arbitration" in 12 Transnational Dispute Management 2 (2015).
Ben Juratowitch, "Hydrocarbons in Disputed Areas" (2015) 44(4) International Law News 1.
Aloysius P. Llamzon, "The State of the Unclean Hands Doctrine in International Investment Law: Yukos as Omega and Alpha", 30 ICSID Review (2015) pp. 315-325.
Aloysius P. Llamzon, "On Corruption's Peremptory Treatment in International Investment Arbitration", in Domitille Baizeau and Richard Kreindler (Eds.) Addressing Issues of Corruption in Commercial and Investment Arbitration, Dossiers of the ICC Institute of World Business Law (ICC 2015) pp. 32-50.
Fiona Poon and Ina Popova, "From Perpetual Respondent to Aspiring Counterclaimant? State Counterclaims in the New Wave of Investment Treaties", BCDR International Arbitration Review, Vol. 2 No. 2 (December 2015),
pp. 223-260.
Dr. Stephan Wilske, "Sanctions against Counsel in International Arbitration - Possible, Desirable or Conceptual Confusion?" in 8 Contemporary Asia Arbitration Journal 2 (2015) pp 141-184.
Nassib G. Ziadé, "Taking of Evidence in Arbitration: The Arab Experience", in A. Carlevaris,
L. Lévy, A. Mourre & E. A. Schwartz (Eds.) International Arbitration Under Review: Essays in Honour of John Beechey (ICC Publications 2015) p.435.
Nassib G. Ziadé, "Addressing Allegations and Findings of Corruption: The Arbitrator's Investigative and Reporting Rights and Duties", in Domitille Baizeau and Richard Kreindler (Eds.) Addressing Issues of Corruption
in Commercial and Investment Arbitration, Dossiers of the ICC Institute of World Business Law
(ICC 2015) pp. 114-133.
Nassib G. Ziadé, "How Should Arbitral Institutions Address Issues of Conflicts of Interest?", in Mohamed Abdel Raouf, Philippe Leboulanger & Nassib G. Ziadé (Eds.) Festschrift Ahmed Sadek El-Kosheri: From the Arab World
to the Globalization of International Law and Arbitration (Wolters Kluwer 2015) p. 211.
Bartos, David and Hew Dundas, Dundas and Bartos on the Arbitration (Scotland) Act 2010 (2nd edition). W. Green (2014).
Philippe Bärtsch and Dorothee Schramm, Arbitration Law of Switzerland: Practice & Procedure. Juris Publishing (2014).
Bishop, R. Doak, James Crawford and W. Michael Reisman (eds.), Foreign Investment Disputes: Cases, Materials and Commentary. Kluwer Law International (2014).
Born, Gary. International Commercial Arbitration. Kluwer Law International (2014).
de Andrade Levy, Daniel. Ana Gerdau de Borja & Adriana Noemi Pucci (eds.), Investment Protection in Brazil. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business (2014).
Llamzon,Aloysius P., Corruption in International Investment Arbitration. Oxford University Press (September 2014).
Mark Mangan, Reed, Lucy and John Choong, A Guide to the SIAC Arbitration Rules. Oxford University Press (August 2014).
Kreindler, Richard, Competence-Competence in the Face of Illegality in Contracts and Arbitration Agreements. Hague Academy of International Law (2013).
Newman, Lawrence W. and Richard D. Hill (eds.), The Leading Arbitrators' Guide to International Arbitration, Third Edition. JurisNet (April 2014).
Paulsson, Jan. The Idea of Arbitration. Oxford University Press (2013).
Pihlblad, Steffen, Christian Lundblad, & Claus Søgaard-Christensen, Arbitration in Denmark. Djøf Forlag (2014).
Pulkowski, Dirk. The Law and Politics of International Regime Conflict.Oxford University Press (2014).
Wang, Guiguo and Fan Yang (eds.), Mediation and its Impact on Legal Systems in Asia- Pacific. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business and CCH Hong Kong (2013).
Wöss, Herfried, Adriana San Román Rivera, Pablo Spiller, and Santiago Dellepiane, Damages in International Arbitration under Complex Long-term Contracts. Oxford University Press (March 2014).
Affaki, Georges, "L'arbitrage en matière bancaire et financière", Rapport du Groupe de travail du Comité français de l'arbitrage sur l'arbitrage en matière bancaire et financière, in 3 Paris Journal of International Arbitration (2014) pp 419-463.
Affaki, Georges with A. Koenig, "Nouvelles tendances de l'arbitrage international en Afrique : Le cas des litiges financiers" in 3 Revue de l'arbitrage (2014) pp 545-592.
Affaki, Georges, "Revisiting the Pari Passu clause" inSovereign Debt Management, R. Lastra and L. Buchheit (Eds.), OUP (2014) pp. 39-49.
Amor, Bernardo Sepulveda and R. Doak Bishop, "Enforceability of Arbitral Awards: Customary Law, State Responsibility, and the Role of the International Court of Justice" in 8 World Arbitration and Mediation Review 4 (2014).
Andersen, Steven K., Stephen P. Anway and Jennifer Gorskie, "ICDR Tertulia Sessions Gaining Popularity" in 69 Dispute Resolution Journal 1 (2014)
Bosman, Lise, "The PCA's contribution to international dispute resolution in Africa", 25 Stellenbosch Law Review 2 (2014) pp. 308-327.
Cavalieros, Philippe. "In-House Counsel Costs and Other Internal Party Costs in International Commercial Arbitration", 30 Arbitration International 1 (2014) pp. 145-152.
Cheah Nicholls, Anthony and Christopher Bloch, "ICC Hybrid Arbitrations Here to Stay: Singapore Courts' Treatment of the ICC Rules Revisions in Articles 1(2) and 6(2)" in 31 Journal of International Arbitration 3 (2014), pp. 393-412.
Dupeyron, Carine and Marie Valentini, "Legal instruments used in the search for evidence in support of arbitration: a comparative study of Art. 145 of the French Code of civil procedure and S.28 U.S.C. § 1782 in the United States" in International Business Law Journal (December 2013), pp. 533- 558.
Fellas, John, "International Arbitration Under the Bermuda Form" in 8 Dispute Resolution International 2 (October 2014).
Fox, Todd J., Isabelle Michou, Stephan Wilske, and Gerold Zeiler, "What's New in European Arbitration?" in 69 Dispute Resolution Journal 4 (February 2014), pp. 99-108.
Giusti, Gilberto and Ricardo Dalmaso Marques, "Dispute Resolution in Brazil" in Silvia Fazio, ed., Brazilian Commercial Law – A Practical Guide, Kluwer Law International (2013) p. 271.
González De Cossío Francisco, "Ejecución de laudos anulados: hacia una mejor aproximación analítica" in Spain Arbitration Review | Revista del Club Español del Arbitraje 21 (2014) pp. 37 - 49.
González De Cossío, Francisco, "El Prurito del Perito" in 11 Revista Brasileira de Arbitragem 41 (2014) pp. 100-106.
Gorjão Henriques, Duarte "The extension of arbitration agreements: a "glimpse" of connectivity?" in 34 ASA Bulletin 1 (2014), pp. 18-36.
Heilbron, Hilary. "Assessing Damages in International Arbitration: Practical Considerations" in 1 Journal of Damages in International Arbitration 1 (2014).
Honlet, Jean-Christophe. "The IBA Guidelines on Party Representation in International Arbitration", 30 Journal of International Arbitration 6 (2013) pp. 701-709.
van Houtte, Hans and Maurizio Brunetti, "Investment Arbitration - Ten Areas of Caution for Commercial Arbitrators", 29 Arbitration International 4 (2013) pp. 553-574.
Huck, Hermes Marcelo, Rogério Carmona Biano, and Fábio Peixinho Gomes Corrêa, "Brazil", Getting the Deal Through - Arbitration (2014), pp. 111-117.
Hughes, Sarah Kimberly and Stephan Wilske, "Investment Treaty Arbitration Involving Turkey and Turkish Parties" in Ismail Esin/Ali Yesilirmak (eds.) Arbitration in Turkey – Law and Practice, (2015) pp. 241-263.
Kinnear, Meg, "Grotius Lecture: Navigating International Dispute Resolution: Innovations in Investor–State Arbitration" in 6 Arbitraje: Revista de Arbitraje Comercial y de Inversiones 3 (2013), pp. 653-674.
Lee, Michael, "Existence of Arbitration Agreements – The Tension between Arbitral and Curial Review" in 10 Asian International Arbitration Journal 2 (2014) pp. 67 - 91.
Liebscher, Christoph, "Antitrust and Arbitration" in The Austrian Yearbook on International Arbitration 2013, pp. 113- 124.
Michou, Isabelle, Todd J. Fox and Gerold Zeiler, "What's New In European Arbitration?" in 68 Dispute Resolution Journal 4 (2013), pp. 101-108.
Michou,Isabelle, Stephan Wilske, Gerold Zeiler and Todd J. Fox, "What's New In European Arbitration?" in 69 Dispute Resolution Journal 2 (2014) pp. 99-105.
Norton, Patrick M., "Use of Precedents in Investment Treaty Arbitration Awards" in 25 American Review of International Arbitration 2 (December 2014).
Park, William W., "A Fair Fight: Professional Guidelines in International Arbitration" 30 Arbitration International 3 (2014) pp. 409-428.
Paulsson, Jan, "Why Good Arbitration Cannot Compensate for Bad Courts", 30 Journal of International Arbitration 4 (2013) pp. 345-360.
Popova, Ina C. and Mark W. Friedman, "Can State Counterclaims Salvage Investment Arbitration?" in 8 World Arbitration and Mediation Review 2 (2014).
Radicati di Brozolo, Luca G., "Enforcement of Annulled Awards: Further Reflections in Light of Thai-Lao Lignite" in 25 American Review of International Arbitration 1( August 2014).
Radjai, Noradèle and Johannes Landbrecht, "Relevance of original bargain in gas price reviews" in International Law Office (2014).
Rajoo, Sundra, "KLRCA's New I-Arbitration Rules: Islamic Finance in the Global Commercial Arena" in 6 International Journal of Arab Arbitration 2 (2014) pp. 5 - 19.
Sabater, Aníbal and Glen Banks, "Flintlock: Precluding Punitive Damages in Arbitration" 252 in New York Law Journal 57 (September 2014).
Sabater, Aníbal and J. Kaye,"Why the 'Sunday' case does not impact on international arbitration" in Global Arbitration Review (July 2014).
Sabater, Aníbal and Mark Stadnyk, "International Arbitration and Energy: How energy disputes shaped international investment dispute resolution" in Kim Talus, ed., Research Handbook on International Energy Law, Edward Elgar (2014) p 199.
Shahdadpuri, Khushboo, "The Natural Justice Fallibility in Singapore Arbitration Proceedings" in 26 Singapore Academy of Law Journal (2014) pp 562-581.
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Waincymer, Jeffrey, "Regulatory Developments in the Control of Counsel in International Arbitration – The IBA Guidelines on Party Representation in International Arbitration and the New LCIA Rules and Annex" 30 Arbitration International 3 (2014) pp. 513-552.
Wehland, Hanno, "The Transfer of Investments and Rights of Investors under International Investment Agreements – Some Unresolved Issues" 30 Arbitration International 3 (2014) pp. 565-576.
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Wilske, Stephan, Isabelle Michou, and Gerold Zeiler, "What's New In European Arbitration?" 68 Dispute Resolution Journal 3 (2013) pp. 81-90.
Wilske, Stephan, "The Ailing Arbitrator – Identification, Abuse and Preventing of a Potentially Dangerous Delaying and Obstruction Tool" in 7 Contemporary Asia Arbitration Journal 2 (November 2014), pp. 279-308.
Wilske, Stephan, "Dissenting Opinion on Dissenting Opinions in International Arbitration" in Reinhold Geimer, Athanassios Kaissis and Roderich Thuemmel, eds., Festschrift für Rolf A. Schütze zum 80. Geburtstag, C.H. Beck (2014) pp. 729-738.
Herfried Wöss and Adriana San Román Rivera, "Damages in International Arbitration with respect to Income Generating Assets or Investments in Commercial and Investment Arbitration" in Journal of Damages in International Arbitration 1 (2015).
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Zeiler, Gerold with Michael Nueber, "Decisions of the Austrian Supreme Court on Arbitration in 2012 and 2013" in Austrian Yearbook on International Arbitration 2014, pp. 241-248.
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text:
As Olympic fever energizes little athletes and big dreamers across the world, parents everywhere are remembering why they sign up for their "second shift" job of shuttling kids to their various games, practices, matches and events each afternoon (and evening!). Why are so many parents willing to dedicate multiple hours each day to their children's involvement in sports? Olympic aspirations aside, here are ten of the best reasons for being a sports chauffer:
1. Long-Term Health Benefits
It's all over the news and everywhere you look: There is an obesity epidemic among America's children. Rates of overweight children with risk factors for "adult" diseases like Type 2 Diabetes and high blood pressure are skyrocketing. Regular involvement in sports and physical activity is one of the best ways to fight obesity and protect a generation of young people.
2. Activity for Activity's Sake
What time of day does the majority of youth crime occur? Most people assume it is under the cover of darkness, but in reality, young people find themselves in the most trouble between the hours of 3 and 6 p.m.. Participating in sports and being accountable to a group provides young people with constructive, trouble-busting structure and has been shown to reduce criminal mischief, including drug use, among kids.
3. Social Networking (Minus the YouTube account)
Speaking of being accountable to a group, sports often provide a ready-made social network for kids. For a child who has difficulty finding his niche in school, a team sport may offer the camaraderie and support that he is lacking elsewhere. Even for kids who have no trouble fitting in, involvement in sports offers connections with peers who are focused on constructive goals.
4. Encouraging Sportsmanship
Winning and losing is part of any sport. Kids who take part in sports learn the delicate arts of winning graciously and losing well. Being able to shake hands with the competition, no matter what the outcome of an event, serves children well into their adult lives.
5. Understanding the Nature of Commitment
Whether for an hour a week or three hours a day, most sports require a commitment from kids to attend regular practices, team meetings and games. When kids dedicate their time, energy and finances to a sport that they like, they learn important lessons about commitment.
6. Building Self-Esteem
Children develop positive self-esteem through accomplishments. Sports give kids opportunities to learn, achieve and feel good about themselves through skill development and goal-oriented activities. When parents and coaches emphasize effort and improvement over winning or individual performances, they foster healthy self-image and positive self-esteem.
7. (Academic) Performance Enhancing
According to researchers at Michigan State University's Institute for the Study of Youth Sports, young people who play sports perform better in school than those who don't. Rather than serve as a distraction, participation in sports teaches kids to focus their minds on a task at hand and to manage their time effectively as they juggle school, sports and a social life.
8. There is No "I" in Teamwork
Children learn all sorts of valuable social lessons through sports. For younger players, sharing the ball, listening to teammates and following group rules are fundamentals of good play. Being part of a group and learning to accept coaching (particularly the constructive kind) is one of the most valuable benefits of sports for older kids.
9. Perseverance & Persistence
On my daughter's first day of karate, she learned the term, "non-quitting spirit." Six years later, she still uses this term to talk herself through a challenging homework assignment and to encourage her little sister not to give up on learning to tell time. Children who participate in sports face disappointments, defeats and injuries. Those who learn to take setbacks in stride and dust themselves off for the next round benefit from life lessons in perseverance and persistence.
10. Working Towards a Goal
Winning an Olympic medal, scoring a perfect 10, earning a black belt; sports often feature an "ultimate goal" for kids. Before any milestone can be reached, however, kids have to learn specific skills and master fundamental techniques. Involvement in sports provides children with experience in breaking long-term goals into short-term objectives. Commitment and perseverance are honed as young people cast aside the instant gratification of their earliest years and work toward goals that are only achieved through long hours and hard work.
Signe Whitson, LSW is the mother of two daughters and author of Friendship & Other Weapons: Group Activities to Help Young Girls Cope with Bullying. For workshop inquiries, please visit www.signewhitson.com, "Like" Signe on Facebook, or Follow her on Twitter @SigneWhitson

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Words containing bonthor
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text:
Jean Hoerni was born in Geneva, and earned a B.S. and his first Ph.D. in physics from the University of Geneva. After earning his second Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge in 1952, he became a research fellow with Linus Pauling at the California Institute of Technology. William Shockley recruited him to join Shockley Semiconductor Laboratories and assigned him to do theoretical calculations of diffusion rates. As one of the "traitorous eight", he left Shockley Labs and co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor where he devised the "planar process" which made integrated circuits possible. In 1961 he left Fairchild to become vice president of Amelco (the semiconductor division of Teledyne, then TelCom Semiconductor and ultimately Microchip – a story for another day). Hoerni was a consultant for Union Carbide, Hughes Aircraft and Fujitsu before he founded Intersil in 1967.
Bob Widlar grew up in Cleveland and enrolled at the University of Colorado at Boulder. In February 1958 Widlar joined the United States Air Force. He instructed servicemen in electronic equipment and semiconductor devices and wrote the textbook for the course (concurrently). In 1961 he joined the Ball Brothers Research Corporation in Boulder to develop analog and digital equipment for NASA. He simultaneously continued studies at the University of Colorado and graduated in 1963.
His work at Ball Brothers brought Widlar in contact with Jean Hoerni and Sheldon Roberts at Fairchild Semiconductor, regarding radiation hardened transistors. In 1963, Jerry Sanders, at the time a Fairchild salesman but later CEO of AMD, recruited him to join Fairchild. The interview with Fairchild research and development (R&D) manager Heinz Ruegg didn't go well; Widlar told him what he thought about Fairchild's analog circuits: "what they are doing is bullshit". Fortunately, the Applications Engineering division head, John Hulme, hired Widlar despite objections from the first round interviewers. Widlar's first assignment at Fairchild targeted IC reliability which connected him with process engineer David Talbert.
Fairchild engineers before Widlar designed analog ICs like conventional circuits built with discrete transistors, capacitors and resistors. This was impractical using Hoerni's planar process due to component values and matching requirements so they used thin film hybrids which dramatically limited their reliability and manufacturability. Working in secrecy with Talbert, Widlar soon grasped the benefits and drawbacks of the planar process: it permitted matched performance of all components at all temperatures, but these components possessed parasitic capacitance not present in discrete parts, and the process ruled out the use of large-value resistors and capacitors. Armed with this insight and Hung-Chang Lin's theory of compensated devices (look for references to H.C. Lin in Widlar's early application notes), he designed the μA702 – the industry's first true linear integrated circuit and first monolithic operational amplifier. Widlar did not consider the μA702 prototype good enough for production, but Fairchild decided otherwise and rushed the chip into production in October 1964. Widlar agreed only if he could select the product manager – enter Jack Gifford.
Born in 1941, Gifford grew up in Torrance, CA. He was passionate about baseball and played competitively throughout his school years, including UCLA (the University of California, Los Angeles) where he graduated with a BSEE in 1963. Gifford started his career at Electronic Specialties as a design engineer. At the age of 24, Fairchild Semiconductor recruited him, but insisted on starting him out as a salesman calling on Hughes Aircraft.
Gifford recalled, "I was a salesman, a year out of college in L.A. and I was one of the few guys, myself and I think Vic Grinich, in the company that had any real understanding of gain and phase relationships and how amplifiers worked and things like that. We had a design background and Bob (Widlar) recognized that through dealing with me as a salesman. Then as he and Dave Talbert developed the 709 (probably µA702), they bootlegged samples out to myself and Floyd Kvamme and asked us to see if customers were interested in it as it was a very complicated circuit. In fact no one, maybe with the exception of Dave Fullagar and Bob Widlar, knew exactly what the real circuit looked like. People had the schematic explained to them by myself, Widlar, Mike Markkula and others. That circuit was not the actual circuit; there was another circuit that no one ever saw. We became stars explaining the circuit that was on the diagram. As we sold this idea and explained this circuit, there became a huge interest in the product."
"So Tom Bay and Bob Noyce went to Bob Widlar, who had defined and designed this circuit all on his own without any sponsorship, and Bob (Noyce) said, 'you're gonna be happy to hear that we're gonna make a product line out of your products'. Bob (Widlar) just looked at 'em both, and remember this is a junior engineer, I mean he's got a BS degree like I did, he was an applications engineer, shouldn't have known anything about device physics, he taught himself all of that and he says 'The hell you are.' He's talking to Tom Bay and Bob Noyce, two of the most sophisticated, impressive people that I've ever met and he's telling 'em 'get screwed, you're not gonna do this.' The next day they asked 'Why not?' And he said 'Well first of all you guys don't know what you're talking about, you don't know what the circuit is, you don't know how it works, and furthermore no one in the company knows how it works and is used. I'm not gonna let you ruin my reputation.'"
"He says 'Well I want some people competent communicating and dealing with my products.' They said 'Okay well we'll put our best product managers in front of you and you can pick one.' They ran a bunch of guys through him and he didn't like any of 'em and they finally said 'Who is it that you would like?' 'Well there's this kid down in LA, Gifford.' They didn't even know who I was and so I get a call the next day from Bob Graham who was Director of Product Marketing and he says 'Jack come up and talk about being a product manager for the linear circuit business, we're looking for candidates.' I come up and within ten minutes I'm hired, you know, the interview lasted 7 minutes and I go home and I tell my wife I just got promoted, I don't know why, I have no idea, from being a salesman to running this product line.""Within a period of a couple of years we owned 80% of the market. The design talent at Fairchild was unbelievable with Bob Widlar, Dave Fullagar, Jim Giles, Darryl Lieux, and Dave Talbert as a process developer."
"I could tell you the 709 story too about shutting half the world down. If it wasn't for Fullagar's 741, we probably wouldn't have survived as an analog company."Widlar and Talbert went to Molectro Science Corporation that was acquired shortly thereafter by Charlie Sporck and National Semiconductor. Gifford took over running the whole analog research and development department. But who would he rely on after Widlar left? – enter Dave Fullagar.
Dave Fullagar described how he started his career.
"Until I was 12 years old, we lived on the moors in the north of England in a house with no electricity, so a crystal set was my only option. In 1954, I read an article entitled How to build a radio in a flashlight. It used something called a transistor – a Mullard OC71. I went down to the local radio store to buy one. 'Never 'eard of a transistor, boy. Don't know naught about that,' said the proprietor in a broad Yorkshire accent."
"My first job was with Ferranti (a leading UK defense contractor) in Edinburgh, Scotland. I worked on a terrain-following radar for a bomber that was supposed to fly to the Soviet Union at treetop height. They used to fly the engineers over the highlands of Scotland – at 300 feet – to validate the radar's terrain-following ability. It was a good incentive to get the design right. Ferranti's offer was the best paying – at about $2200 a year; no, I didn't omit a zero – of the four or five jobs offered.""In the 1960s, there were two principal routes to the United States for Brits. One was via Canada; the other, through Transitron in Massachusetts. My colleague and fellow Cambridge graduate Wadie Khadder had joined Transitron a year earlier, so the transition was an easy one. It soon became apparent that Transitron was in decline. So both Wadie and I moved to Fairchild in early 1966."
"My assigned task when I joined Fairchild R&D in 1966 was to design the successor to the μA709. The target specification I was given by marketing was of the 'let's-improve-all-the-key-specs-by-50%' variety. However the biggest problems with the 709 were its idiosyncrasies, not its specifications: It was tricky to stabilize, there was no short-circuit protection, and it would latch-up and self-destruct in nanoseconds. National's LM101, which Widlar designed, addressed many of the user-friendliness issues but still required external compensation and had a kludgy front-end bias scheme. Widlar must have come to the same conclusion, because he later redesigned it as the LM101A with a much-improved front end.""I proposed the internally compensated μA741 in mid 1967 to Garth Wilson and Marv Rudin, who ran the Linear R&D Group (and later founders of Precision Monolithics Inc.). Next thing I knew, I was sitting in Gordon Moore's office. He asked me if I'd mind moving to Mountain View because that would expedite the introduction of the part, which occurred in May 1968."
"It was exciting, it was just a creative period when Fairchild was absolutely king of the heap and thanks to Jean Hoerni's planar process, it had the best processing in the industry, the highest performance transistors, a very successful logic family. In early 1966 a processing R&D group under Andy Grove was writing the book, it turned out literally, on semiconductor processing and the emerging MOS technology. A prolific consumer group and absolutely number one in linear circuits, in fact honestly there was nobody else in the business at that time. (Widlar) and Talbert formed this incredible duo and with almost no official sponsorship from Fairchild created a linear family, the 702, 709, 710 and 711. Those products went on to form the basis for the Fairchild linear products and I think all of us in the design community pay homage to that effort because it was so incredible."
"By 1968 there were a host of second generation products under development, Dick Lane's 722 D to A, Colin Barry's 715 high speed amplifier, Darryl Lieux's 723 voltage regulator, Bill O'Neil's 733 wide band amplifier, George Erdi's 725 we've already mentioned my 741 and a host of other products. Fairchild seemed to rule the world with National really being the only competition in sight."
"Then something happened and it all seemed to unravel. Between the fall of '68 and the spring of '69 Jack together with Jim Giles, Larry Stenger and Frank Botte went off to form AMD. Marv Rudin, Garth Wilson, George Erdi went off to start PMI. I joined Jean Hoerni, Don Rogers, and Murray Siegel at Intersil shortly thereafter joined by Bill O'Neil. Dave Bingham went to Cermatek, Colin Barry went to Signetics, Len Brown went to Motorola, and Mike Markkula joined Intel (the latter two from the marketing group)."
"Speaking for myself, I don't think it's because I thought that I was going to get rich by going to Intersil. Frankly I didn't even know what an IPO was, you know, I didn't know what a stock option was in any real sense of the word and it wasn't because I had in any inkling that Fairchild was about to implode. It seemed like I was leaving at the crest of the wave frankly. Neither is it really fair to blame it all on the cultural change brought on by the arrival of the guys from Motorola, although it did seem like a management style change which maybe took some of the fun out of Fairchild as I perceived it. But I think the overriding factor for me anyway was that I was looking maybe for more of a challenge, I wanted to start my own group, have more say in the way the company ran and Intersil at that time offered that opportunity. My office was two doors down from Jean Hoerni's, company strategies were discussed around the coffee table and by comparison, Fairchild seemed kind of ponderous."So let's get back to Gifford for a moment. He had the inspiration that a pure analog company could do really well. But his first attempt was forced in a different direction. He sought funding for a startup company, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD, perhaps you've heard of it?), but was repeatedly turned down because the financial backers wanted someone with a little more experience. Enter Jerry Sanders. Together they finally obtained funding in 1969. Sander's version goes like this: "First a young man named Jack Gifford, who I'd worked with, you know, at Fairchild, who had an idea to start a company to make linear integrated circuits? And that was interesting to me, but frankly linear integrated circuits in my view were a niche opportunity and although the analogue world will always be with us, because that's what the real world is, I just didn't see that as an exciting thing whereas I was more interested in the digital world where you could build more and more complex things." Sanders was CEO and Gifford was chief financial officer. Sanders was not popular with the engineers and Gifford had to tell Sanders to change his tyrannical ways. Sanders threatened that any staff members supporting Gifford would be let go. Gifford was asked to leave in 1971. Gifford says only that he had a "falling out" with Sanders. Don Valentine speculated that the company simply wasn't big enough for two such strong personalities. "The diameter of a spotlight only fits so many people," says Valentine. "And Jerry was an individual who always liked to be in the spotlight."
Meanwhile, Fullagar had gone to Intersil as the first analog designer working for Jean Hoerni. "I think Intersil lured me, but it wasn't financial. I didn't really know what a stock option was and couldn't have distinguished between an IPO and a UFO. Intersil offered a chance to create my own analog-design group with a clean slate and to work with Dr. Hoerni, one of the true giants of the semiconductor industry." He added, "Intersil was primarily a discrete transistor and FET company prior to my joining. FETs were Jean Hoerni's first love. I was the first analog IC designer and about employee #50. I worked initially for John Hall, who later founded Micropower Systems (and Linear Integrated Systems). I brought Bill O'Neil into the group; he had designed the µA733 at Fairchild."
Fullagar knew Gifford from Fairchild. "I met Jack shortly after joining Fairchild in early 1966. He was in charge of Linear Marketing and had recruited a team of young engineers including Mike Markkula, Mike Scott (both of whom became Apple CEO at different times), Len Brown, Jerry Zis, and others. We were all in our mid twenties at the time and used to socialize together at the Wagon Wheel and other places after work. At that time I did not see any of the hard-driving potential CEO material in Jack; we were just a bunch of kids having a good time."
For a while, Gifford turned to farming, building a small fruit orchard near Sacramento into a successful 2,000-acre tomato producer. Fullagar was unsatisfied, "When I went to Intersil, it was frustrating to be designing products that I felt weren't selling because of inept marketing." In 1971, Jean Hoerni, head of Intersil, recruited Gifford to help them enter the analog data-acquisition business. In exchange, he would help Gifford raise money to start his own business. For several years he worked there part time, while continuing his farming and other business interests. Eventually it became full-time. After a succession of somewhat inept CEOs, Orie Hoch (ex-Litton CEO) was brought in by the Intersil board and did a great job of straightening out the company then sold it to GE. Once the sale was completed, Hoch made Gifford CEO and returned to Litton.
Gifford agreed but only if he was given stock options and if Intersil could be an independent GE subsidiary. Jack Welch agreed and bragged about his latest acquisition. Contrary to stories at the time, Gifford and Welch were kindred spirits and got along well together. However Intersil was put in the light bulb division of GE under a sector VP called Jim Baker. He and Gifford did not get along. There was a big showdown between the two of them over employee compensation (Baker didn't think stock options were necessary since his people in Schenectady didn't have them).
According to Gifford, this is what happened:
"Well, finally after about six months of this, he starts to hear from his other general managers. Hey, this isn't fair. I mean, I've worked for GE all my life. I don't have stock. What's going on, I mean, how could he do this? And he had a mutiny on his hands. And so Jack (Welch) started talking to me, you know, and every once in a while he'd say, you know, 'God, you know, boy the stock options are causing me a problem, you know.' Then it got, 'Do you really need those? Can't we do something else?' 'Jack, that was the deal,' I says, and 'I don't need them. I mean, but Intersil needs them. I can't, by the way, that was your idea.' He says, 'I know. I know.' So anyway, then we're back at one of these parties again; about a year later. I'm standing around talking to ten or fifteen of these guys and Jack comes across the room and he's got ten or fifteen guys following him. I get there late. So he's already had a couple of drinks, and he comes swaggering into my group and, you know, how the hell are you. We start talking. No sooner does the greetings stop and he says, 'God damn it. Why the fuck do you guys have to have those stock options? They're, you know, jeez.' And he goes on and on and on in front of fifteen guys. And all of a sudden he's now, you know, coming like it's my fault, like I'm the problem, right? And he's, say he's had a couple of drinks. And finally he starts, 'Well, what do you think?' And I said, and I was going to react and I says, I was so mad and I just said, 'Fuck you.' And I just turned around and walked out. And man, I heard that rippled throughout the company. I mean, you told that to Jack? Yeah, but, you know, yeah, I did. So about a week and a half later I get a call from him to come back to Fairfield, and he says, 'Well, I gotta talk to you.' What are you gonna do? He says, 'Well, I gotta fire you.' So he fired me."
"Yeah, and what happened is that's what caused Maxim. So when he changed it (the stock options), those guys came to me and said, you know, Jack, you gotta do something, you know. Our careers, he's destroyed our careers, you know. And I was forced to do Maxim. I was, I mean, I caused the problem, so..."The idea Jack had about Maxim was to build the best analog company in the world that was owned by employees. He felt that analog had always been secondary; generating profit to fund digital. He felt he was the best in the world. But he says "I was not motivated to do it. Frankly, what motivated me was this responsibility to these other guys."
According to Pirooz Parvarandeh, "The first person to come out of the company was Jack, followed by Fred (Beck) and Dave (Fullagar) and a few other people. Their concept was to start a business around what they were doing at Intersil — analog semiconductors. So their first priority was really to secure some venture capital. To do this, they created a business plan. The business plan, a three-page business plan, is actually framed and posted at our headquarters."
"The story goes that Jack, Fred, and Dave worked on this plan on a napkin. There was a debate as to whether a three-page business plan was long enough. Or should it be 20 pages or 50 pages? They were debating whether they needed to be much more sophisticated about the business plan. As it turns out, Jack convinced his colleagues that three pages was enough. It is a very high-level view of what they wanted to do."
"Obviously, it didn't have a lot of detail. It had some calculations of what the market size would be and what the opportunity would be. It needs to be said that Jack was a very dynamic and energetic individual. They were able to raise $10 million from a number of venture capital firms."Wikipedia says the business plan was two pages and the capital was $9 million. The founding team included Gifford; Fred Beck, an IC sales and distribution pioneer; Dave Bingham, General Electric's Scientist of the Year in 1982; Steve Combs, a pioneer in wafer technologies and manufacturing; Lee Evans, also a pioneer in CMOS analog microchip design and General Electric's Scientist of the Year in 1982; Dave Fullagar, inventor of the first internally compensated operational amplifier circuit; Roger Fuller, yet another pioneer in CMOS microchip design; Rich Hood, development director for some of the first microprocessor-controlled semiconductor test systems; and Dick Wilenken, who is acknowledged as the father of key analog switch and multiplexer technologies. In the first year, the company developed 24 second source products before turning to predominantly proprietary products.
Fullagar mentioned another founder, Sam Ochi. "We hired Sam from Teledyne so no one could accuse us of being an entirely Intersil spinoff, but that didn't prevent GE from suing us."
Dave Fullagar said, "In the early days, five or six of us (including Jack) would meet every Tuesday morning for a product planning meeting at the Peppermill restaurant on De Anza Blvd. Sometimes Jack would forget that we were in a public place and the four letter words would start flying: the restaurant manager moved us into the far back corner! Most of the ideas came from designers (especially Dave Bingham) and Charlie Allen (applications). All the early successes (RS-232 circuits, microprocessor supervisors, etc) evolved from these meetings. Eventually we outgrew this modus operandi and the process became more formalized (but not as much fun!)."
"The really novel products come about in one of two ways. One is when an engineer figures out a totally radical approach to meet a functional need. For example, Widlar's bandgap reference was sheer genius. We all knew that VBE had a negative temperature coefficient and delta VBE had a positive temperature coefficient, but Widlar figured out how to put the two together to produce a temperature-stable reference."
"The other way is when a good applications engineer works hand in hand with a talented designer. Maxim's RS-232 products came about in this manner. Charlie Allen, the best applications engineer I have ever encountered, recognized that lots of digital equipment had ±12V supplies whose sole purpose was to power RS-232 drivers. RS-232 drivers didn't fit into any of Maxim's analog-product lines, but he persisted. He corralled Dave Bingham, one of Maxim's most creative design engineers, into taking a look at it. Bingham felt sure he could put charge pumps on the same IC as the RS-232 drivers — no mean feat — thereby eliminating the need for the ±12V supply. Thus was born one of the company's most successful product lines."Parvarandeh recalled, "When they started the company, there were some well-known names in the industry. Analog Devices, for one, has a much longer history than us. They were in the market well ahead of us, as well as Texas Instruments and other players. One of the first priorities of the new company was to make sure that they generated some revenue. Also, there was a spirit of inventiveness in the company. You know, you try to come up with innovations that are really world class. It was clearly part of the DNA of the company to try to distinguish itself.
Fullagar echoed the same idea, "The original business plan called for the speedy introduction of 14 second-source parts to generate quick cash flow, followed by proprietary parts. Generating positive cash flow in a start-up is key: If you have to go back to the venture capitalists for an unscheduled round of financing, you get taken to the cleaners."
Again from Parvarandeh: "To the extent that we could come up with enhancements that we could make, we would make them. In fact, I remember — I joined the company in 1987 — that one of the things I was striving for was, 'Okay, if I'm doing a second source of a product, is there something else that I could do that would benefit our customers?'"
"So, the first order of business was, 'Let's try to make sure that we capture some existing sockets, but also let's see if we can provide additional benefits.' That was the strategy and, of course, for a startup company to try to create or to leverage existing business was the right strategy. But as I said, the company had in its DNA this notion that we don't want to be just a second source company. We want to be a company that creates valuable product differentiation."
Maxim has always been an aggressive company. Most of their growth was organic, but some resulted from acquisitions. Key acquisitions include (or at least the ones that I think are key):
- 1994: Tektronix Semiconductor Division, for its high-speed bipolar processes, wireless RF and fiber-optic products
- 2001: Dallas Semiconductor
- 2007: Vitesse Semiconductor's Storage Products Division
- 2010: Teridian Semiconductor Corporation, supplying systems on a chip (SoC) for the smart meter market
- 2010: Phyworks, a supplier of optical transceiver chips for broadband communications
- 2011: SensorDynamics, for proprietary sensor and microelectromechanical (MEMS) solutions
- 2012: Genasic Design Systems Ltd., a fabless RF chip company that makes chips for LTE applications
- 2013: Volterra Semiconductor
I enjoyed creating this particular post. I'm thankful for the interview transcripts that helped my research. And I am very thankful to Dave Fullagar for contributing to this and clearing up some things. In college, I was taught about operational amplifiers using the 741. It's surreal to be able to simply contact him and ask a few questions. Fullagar is famous for the 741, of course, but that was only one of many things he accomplished in his career. In another article, Fullagar reflected on his career, "I thrive in a small-company atmosphere, so I would have to say the early days at both Intersil and Maxim were the most enjoyable. The lab work was always especially rewarding. Checking out a new breadboard with a cup of coffee warming on top of a big Tektronix 545 oscilloscope — that was real engineering! Sitting in front of a screen running simulations just isn't the same. I feel proudest of the design team I recruited. They were — and still are — some of the finest people in the industry, having designed an incredible number of innovative products, as well as serving in senior-management positions, including current President and Chief Executive Officer Tunc Doluca and several of the vice presidents."
In closing, I'd like to leave you with this opening from Maxim application note, AN1795:
It's a jungle out there.
A small tribe, in the dense wilderness, is much sought after by head hunters from the surrounding plains. Known throughout the land for their esoteric expertise, this is the tribe of the Analog Engineers, who live in the farthest regions of the left half Plains, past the jungles of Laplace.
The guru of analog engineers is the Analog Filter Designer, who sits on the throne of his kingdom and imparts wisdom. You never get to see him, even with an appointment, and you call him "Sir."
The countless pages of equations found in most books on filter design can frighten small dogs, and digital designers. This article clears a path through the brush for the practical engineer and unravels the mystery of filter design, enabling you to design continuous-time analog filters quickly and with a minimum of mathematics.
Analog electronics has two distinct sides: the theory taught by academic institutions (equations of stability, phase-shift calculations, etc.), and the practical side familiar to most engineers (avoid oscillation by tweaking the gain with a capacitor, etc.).
Yes, filter design may be closer to mystery than mathematics, but that whole passage applies well to most disciplines of analog design.
Fairchild Oral History – Fullagar, Gifford, Wilson
"Jack Gifford: Baseball's Loss Was The World's Gain", Doris Kilbane, Electronic Design, Dec. 7, 2009
Silicon Genesis – interview with Jack Gifford
Interview: Maxim Integrated CTO Pirooz Parvarandeh Discusses Analog/Digital Integration, Joe Desposito, Electronic Design Aug 12, 2013 http://electronicdesign.com/analog/interview-maxim-integrated-cto-pirooz-parvarandeh-discusses-analogdigital-integration


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Is Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, or Speech Therapy covered by my insurance?
Do I need a referral for therapy?
What information should appear on my prescription?
How do I schedule an appointment?
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What are the hours of operation?
How do I enroll in Cardiac or Pulmonary Rehab Programs?
Will my insurance cover the cost of Cardiac Rehab/Pulmonary Rehab at South Shore Hospital?
What days and times are the cardiac and pulmonary classes held?
How often will I have therapy while I am in the hospital?
Does my insurance cover for equipment I may need (for example, crutches, canes)?
Does South Shore Hospital still offer a TCU (transitional care unit or rehab unit) for rehab?
What are some of the services offered by Speech-Language Pathologists?
What are some of the diagnoses treated by Speech-Language Pathologists?
My child is 4 years old. It is hard for me to understand my child's speech. Should I have him evaluated?
My child is 2 years old. I'm concerned that he is not talking as much as he should be. Should I have him evaluated?
My mother coughs when she drinks. Does she have a swallowing problem?
Most rehabilitation is covered by insurance, however health plans may vary. Our office staff will assist you in determining your coverage.
A physician's prescription is needed for all rehab services. You may be referred by your Primary Care Physician or by a specialist such as an Orthopedist. Many insurance plans require a referral from your primary care physician as well.
Minimally, prescriptions must contain the following information: your name, specific diagnosis, and the service you are to receive (for example, Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, or Speech Therapy). A prescription may also include specific treatments your physician wishes you to have, as well as frequency and duration for treatment. Prescriptions presented at the time of your evaluation must be signed and dated within the past 30 days. If you are to receive Physical Therapy services in the pool, the prescription must state "pool therapy" or "aquatic therapy."
To schedule an appointment, please call centralized scheduling at 781-624-4090. Let them know your diagnosis and whether your prescription says Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, or Speech Therapy. If your prescription does not specify a particular therapy, the scheduling department will arrange an appointment for you in accordance with your therapy needs and the body part to be treated.
There is on-site parking on the hospital grounds, including some handicapped parking spaces. We also offer free valet parking at the hospital's McKim Family Main Entrance . There is also available parking in the Cancer Center Garage located on Columbian Street.
The Outpatient Rehabilitation Department offers services Monday through Thursday from 7 a.m. - 8:30 p.m., Friday from 7 a.m. – 6 p.m. and Saturday from 8 a.m. – 12 p.m.
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A signed referral by your physician is required along with certain required tests (CR: recent stress test, recent EKG) / (PR: recent pulmonary function test, recent stress test).
Yes, most insurances do cover the cost of these programs; however, some participants do have a co-pay.
Cardiac Rehab is offered three days/ week (M/W/F) and there are seven classes each day (7:30 a.m., 9:30 a.m., 11 a.m., 12:45 p.m., 2:15 p.m., 4 p.m., and 5:45 p.m.) Pulmonary Rehab is offered two days/ week and there are two classes each day (Tu/ Th) at 12:15 p.m. and 2 p.m.
Therapy is available seven days a week. The number of visits you receive will be determined by you, your therapist, and your physician based on your rehab needs.
Insurance plans vary and your case manager will help the therapist determine if the equipment you need will be covered. Otherwise a list of resources where you may borrow equipment will be provided to you.
South Shore Hospital no longer has a Transitional Care Unit. If you require Short-Term Rehab after your hospitalization, your case manager will assist you with discharge planning. We also offer extensive services provided through South Shore Visiting Nurse Association and our Outpatient Rehab department if you are able to discharge directly home.
Speech-Language Pathologists provide a multitude of services for patients of all ages. Some examples are:
Speech-Language Pathologists provide treatment for many disorders. Some examples are:
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In most cases, a child's speech is understood by familiar listeners between the ages of two and three years of age. A speech and language evaluation will assess the sounds in your child's phonemic repertoire. While it may be determined that your child has some articulation difficulties, some errors may be age-appropriate. After evaluating your child, the speech-language pathologist will determine the need for treatment.
By the age of two, your child should be using two- to three-word phrases to talk about and request objects. A speech-language pathologist can evaluate your child and, if necessary, develop a treatment plan to expand his verbal expression.
Coughing while eating or drinking is often a sign of aspiration (food/drink entering your lungs). Other signs of aspiration include throat clearing, wet vocal quality, runny nose, and watery eyes. A speech-language pathologist can evaluate your mother's swallowing and, if necessary, may recommend diet modifications, compensatory strategies, or oral-pharyngeal exercises.
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Peter Michaelson: Democratic Candidates Can Play a Fear Card, TooSubmitted by BuzzFlash on Fri, 11/09/2007 - 1:11pm.
Guest Contribution
One or more of the Democratic candidates for president have to challenge the American people, and perhaps even chastise us, about our fear. We have allowed the George Bush Bandwagon to pound on our fears like punk rockers at a brass and percussion concert. Shame on us! The music is horrible, but still they are allowed to play on!
Frankly, I find it almost impossible to believe that American are actually as afraid as they are told they are. I'm American and have never been known for my outstanding courage, yet I can say that I have not had one fearful day since 9/11; not one. I had unsettling moments, but none of them had much at all to do with Osama bin Laden. The thought of anthrax flying around through the mail was unsettling for me. Every time John Ashcroft opened his mouth was an occasion for a shudder to two. I admit that it is quite unsettling to have a president and vice president who seem as psychotic as Betsy bugs and a congress that doesn't seem to realize that at all. It is never encouraging to have a government that seems totally out of touch with reality. Maybe I'm just a backwards kind of person, but when I find that someone is trying to terrorize me, it only makes me mad as hell.
Dennis Kucinich said recently that "Fear is not a basis to run a government in a democracy." Yes, indeed. And it's also true that too much fear among the people will ruin the beats and rhythms of democracy.
Adrenalin is stupid juice, that's for sure.
Of course, fear is often rational and justified. But it can be irrational as well. It's a large component of a child's experience, and it lingers to various degrees in our psyche when we become adults. We project this unresolved fear into our surroundings and we believe that what we see in the world justifies it.
This is true, but it doesn't have to be. Once we realize that projection of the past into the future is what we are doing, we can consciously change that mental behavior.
What could leading Democrats tell us about the politics of fear? It thwarts the growth of democracy. Democracy is not a static condition. It either grows or it falls back into more primitive forms of governance. For our democracy to grow, we have to rise to the required level of citizenship. We'll probably have to take risks and move through our fears. If we cower in a corner looking to our military to feel safe, we'll create a power vacuum at the heart of democracy. Malevolent individuals will rush in to fill positions of authority. The military is devouring our wealth and our emotional independence. The more we spend on the military, the more we rely on it. This dependence on it to solve our problems in the world only makes us more fearful.
"I'm not going to ask you to become fearless," a Democratic leader might say. "After all, we do live in a nuclear age, an age of global warming, an age of terrorism, and economic uncertainty. But I'm asking you to be as brave as you know how. That's not asking too much. That's what your country needs from you. That's what you need from yourself. It's simply unbecoming of us to be afraid of terrorists. We're much better than that. Yes, we have to protect ourselves from them. We have to find them and destroy them. But we can't afford to live in fear of them."
I wish someone would conduct a major poll in order to find out if Americans are really afraid or if they just assume they are afraid because the news media keeps telling us that we are or ought to be.
What other points could Democratic leaders touch on? They could acknowledge that change does produce fear. It's like moving across the country. You find a job in a different state, sell your home where you grew up, and move everything you own down the ribbon of the highway. A new adventure like this can be exciting but also scary, and there are no guarantees of safety or security. Changing our country's course is also a new adventure. We do it because we believe in ourselves. We believe in our destiny. We believe in America.
Tell us the truth. We need change. We need a leader who will make peace in the world, and we need leaders who will maintain it. Making war is easy and any fool can start one. Unnecessary war is a consequence of fearfulness and stupidity, while making peace requires humility, courage, and brainpower. We have to talk to people who are our enemies or potential enemies. Let's be willing to hear and consider how they see the world, how they view their neighbors, and how they regard us.
How very true. Peace takes strength, courage, authenticity and a unity consciousness. Any damn fool can start a war.
Diplomacy is the art of establishing trusting relationships. Aggressive personal diplomacy is very effective when practiced by honorable people. Here in our country, friends, family members, and married couples have to talk, negotiate, and hear each other out if they are going to grow into deeper affection, trust, and love. We don't make friends in our communities by making threats to each other or delivering ultimatums. Nations have to negotiate, too. That's how we will create peace. Otherwise, we won't have the resources and the spirit to tackle the enormous environmental and economic problems we are facing.
We, the people of earth, don't stand a chance without each other. Until we understand that clearly, we have no hope of surviving very much longer.
There is nothing more important for us now than to reestablish the faith of the world in our excellence, our steadfastness, our good sense. We also have to reaffirm our own courage. The music mustn't die. Let this be a time for our greatness to reach its crescendo.
Rather, it is time for us to realize that America's standing in the world has been sliding on the downside for years. It did not begin with Junior and Dick. This administration has, however, has made it clear to just about everybody, with the exception of some of our countrymen and women who have been brainwashed to the point of no return...a place of unreality and delusional belief systems..
My generation will probably not live to see the restoration of integrity and honor to our beloved country. It will take generations to undo what the Bush administration has done.
Firstly, the American empire must collapse, hopefully brought down by Americans. Empire, no matter how wonderful and wise it sees itself is inherently evil. Empire and Democratic Republic cannot co-exist. We must choose between the two. Empires are horrible to those they rob, pillage, rape and burn. Empires are far too expensive for those who live in the belly of the beast; not only in terms of treasure and blood, but in terms of our very souls.
Secondly , we must bring the guilty to justice. If we do not, we will never be trusted again, not even by ourselves.
Peter Michaelson is author of Democracy's Little Self-Help Book and The Phantom of the Psyche: Freeing Ourselves from Inner Passivity. He is a practicing psychotherapist and offers telephone sessions and specializes in marriage and partnership conflict resolution. PDF files of his books are available at www.QuestForSelf.com.
(In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. I.U. has no affiliation whatsoever with the originator of this article nor is I.U endorsed or sponsored by the originator.)
The Nazis, Fascists and Communists were political parties before they became enemies of liberty and mass murderers.


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he childlike responsiveness of the Italian populace; they were suggestive, rather, of a daily experience which precluded over-much surprise or curiosity about anything.
In the midst of the group stood a frail-looking woman with bright eyes. She was telling a story, a children's story, about a good and a bad little mouse.
She had been asked to do that thing, for a purpose, and she did it, therefore. But it was easy to see from the expressions of the listeners how trivial a thing it seemed to them.
That was at first. But presently the room grew quieter, and yet quieter. The faces relaxed into amused smiles, sobered in unconscious sympathy, finally broke in ripples of mirth. The story-teller had come to her own.
The memory of the college girls listening to the mouse-story brought other memories with it. Many a swift composite view of faces passed before my mental vision, faces with the child's look on them, yet not the faces of children. And of the occasions to which the faces belonged, those we


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Working with Other Head Content
In your frenzied rush to create the best, most beautiful, knock-their-sock-off web page, don't overlook the unglamorous but entirely practical world that lives inside your document head. This chapter discusses what goes into the head. You'll also see how Dreamweaver handles head elements such as search keywords, page refreshes, and document encoding. And you'll see how you can use these and other tools to maximize your working efficiency and web presence.


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Published: 2002/01/22
by Zac Altheimer
A Contrary View on Post-9/11 Music (Letter to the Editor)
I am writing because I feel there is something wrong with many of the views
I've been hearing in the wake of September 11th. Both musicians and fans
expressed reluctance to perform or attend concerts after the tragic events.
The common reason I hear repeated is that after thousands of people died,
and our nation plunges in to war; how can we find enjoyment in something as
trivial as music? Dean himself expressed this thought in his reluctant, yet
feeling of obligation, to see moe. in Boston just a few days after the
attacks. I have seen numerous musicians on MTV cite the fact that musical
indulgence doesn't seem worthy of the times. How can you people think
Music is quite possibly the most powerful language in the world, as great
music has the ability to touch people across national, ethnic and language
boundaries. Music has tremendous healing powers, it give many people
meaning in their lives; it is far from trivial (well, usually . . . [cough, cough,
Tenacious D, cough]). I can think of many reasons why music is so far from petty that it is
crucial in these times:
-Look at the numerous star-studded concert events that have taken place for
the attacks. Few events would put The Dixie Chicks, Neil Young, Destiny's
Child and Limp Bizkit in the same room to perform for free.
- Both the members of moe. and their fans tore it up as they played "New York
City" for their encore that weekend in Boston.
-I recently wrote a 14-page paper that argued my infatuation with moe. is a
-Thousands of kids, young and old, have literally spent their lives
traveling the world following bands from show to show.
I don't see how so many people have trivialized something that means so
much to so many. Yes, September 11th was a monumental, tragic day for the
world, and it's full affects and results will not be known for years. There
is much to be said for that day and our current situation, but there is just
as much to be said for the power of music, which is an essential part of our
healing process. I cannot say enough about how great it is to be able to
walk out of the cold, hateful and war-ridden world we are currently in and go
into a room with a few thousand people and some musicians and forget all about
what is going on outside. (I cannot say enough about how much fun a few
nights with the String Cheese Incident last month were for me.) To be taken
away with music and dance for a few hours is the best thing I can imagine
these days. Now, that may just be my thoughts, but ask yourself; do you want
to sit at home and watch our soldiers blow stuff up on CNN, or do you want
to boogie with some friends?


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Good morning friends.
Today I'm sharing 30 Great Easter Projects with you.
I'm totally digging all the neutral bunny decor! Do you go all neutral and classic with your Easter decor or do you brighten it up with fresh spring colors?
Sharing all the things I love & create one DIY at a time.
I always find inspiration on your post. 🙂
Kara says
So fun to click over here and see that you featured my Easter Egg Banner. Thanks Rebecca!
The Smiths says
Some of these were my on project list!!! We'll see if I get any of them done! Easter is so early! 🙂
Tracey says
Thanks so much for the inspiration! I ended up making two of them and writing my own blog post about it:
[…] Felt Carrot Garland | The Crafted Sparrow […]


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Experience the tranquil beauty of a timeless land...
Hi, my name is Chris Munn and I would like to welcome you to my online gallery. As a landscape photographer I am in part an explorer, artist and storyteller who uses light to capture the beauty of the landscape. I seek to create more than a simple visual record of a moment, infusing my photographs with a drama through which you can almost sense the chill of a cold alpine wind, the scent of wet rainforest and thunder of breaking waves. Rarely are my subjects a short distance from home and more often than not they are at their best at unsociable hours or when the weather is at its worst.
As you browse my photography, I hope to take you on a relaxing journey as I search for beauty in the Australian landscape. Enjoy the adventure :-)
Chris Munn
Yackandandah, North East Victoria - Australia


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Heidi Zemach for SCN –
As dandelion seeds wafted through the air, and tiny orange biting insects came after any exposed portions of skin, 10 volunteer staffers, and volunteers working for the Chugach National Forest and Kenai Fjords National Park pulled non-native invasive species from the side of Exit Glacier/Herman Leirer Road during the 11th annual Community Weed Pull June 27th. Wearing florescent orange vests, they knelt by the scenic roadside, surrounded by dandelions, digging up certain other types of troublesome plants, and placing them in green plastic bags.
Pulling non-native invasive weeds on a single afternoon along two small areas of roadside was a small gesture. But after six or seven straight summers of ridding Exit Glacier roadside of less common invasive plants like Alfalfa for instance, they're making a difference.
"It's pretty amazing how much smaller the population has gotten," said Betty Charnon, the Kenai Peninsula Zone Ecologist, holding up an alfalfa plant. "These alfalfa plants are as ubiquitous as the dandelion, so it's been quite nice to get rid of these where they started occurring here, before they can get established."
"It's kind of nice to work on a small patch because you feel like you can actually make a difference. I mean can you imagine trying to control these dandelions? You could work here all summer and feel like you haven't done anything."
Although the dandelion's grey-white umbrellas can fly the seeds over great distances to disperse them, making these invasive flowers more pervasive, they're actually less threatening to other species, Charnon said: "The nice thing about the dandelions is that it seems that a lot of other plants can grow with them. So even if they're not native, they may not be ranked as highly invasive as some other species."
Species targeted for this year's weed pull also included Oxeye Daisy, Bird vetch, Common Timothy, and some forms of clover, said Christina Kriedeman, Kenai Fjords National Park Service's Environmental Protection Specialist.
"Basically we try to control things from our parking lot (at mile 6.5 near entrance to Russian River Trail) and in the more remote areas. We try to have no weeds on the trails that are the furthest out into natural areas, and we try to control them in the parking lot, and kind of push back on the road if we have time," she said.
Invasive weeds establish themselves more readily along roadsides like the road to Exit Glacier, or the road off Seward Highway leading into Girdwood because of the many people driving by and disturbing the area. People and their dogs often import invasive plant species on their clothing, gear, vehicles or fur. Thus, experts advise that people brush off one's clothing, pets, or gear prior to entering remote areas to avoid hitchhiking seeds. It's also a good idea to know what one's own invasive species look like, and eliminate them from one's property.
Orange Hawkweed is an invasive wildflower-like perennial with colorful orange-red flowers, commonly found along roadsides, forest openings, clear cuts and abandoned fields. It spreads primarily through runners, (4-12 per flowering plant), rhizomes, (underground stems producing new plants) and sporadic root buds and can completely decimate nearby meadow-type systems, easily replacing the native species. "After a number of years you'll notice that it's the only plant growing in the area," Charnon said.It even sends out a chemical that inhibits other plants from pollinating.
Reed Canary grass is another particularly harmful invasive that can clog streams, waterways and ruin habitat for salmon and other wildlife that rely on wet habitat.
Although there weren't many participants in the weed pull, which occurred in the middle of the summer work week, those who did appeared happy to be helping make a difference.
"It's satisfying to pull them out," said Cory Smith, a member of the Student Conservation Association, who has been working with the National Park Service. "You know you're helping out the park to keep it pure of these plants," he added. "I've seen a lot of invasives in the Lower 48 but it seems like they're easier to control in Alaska, and it's not like a lost cause. If you can get to them quick enough, you can tend to them before they take over. Except for dandelions- they're a little overwhelming."


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SOURCE: Anadarko Petroleum Corporation
February 11, 2014 15:11 ET
HOUSTON, TX--(Marketwired - Feb 11, 2014) - The Board of Directors of Anadarko Petroleum Corporation (NYSE: APC) today declared a quarterly cash dividend on the company's common stock of 18 cents per share, payable March 26, 2014, to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 12, 2014.
The amount of future dividends for Anadarko common stock will depend on earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other factors. The Board of Directors will determine dividends on a quarterly basis.
Anadarko Petroleum Corporation's mission is to deliver a competitive and sustainable rate of return to shareholders by exploring for, acquiring and developing oil and natural gas resources vital to the world's health and welfare. As of year-end 2013, the company had approximately 2.79 billion barrels-equivalent of proved reserves, making it one of the world's largest independent exploration and production companies. For more information about Anadarko and APC Flash Feed updates, please visit www.anadarko.com.
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ATI access number where do I find this?
"If you do not yet have an ATI access number you must go to the ATI website site, www.atitesting.com , and follow the instructions to obtain the number. You cannot take the test without the access number."
is this the paper/pencil ID?
About StevenAkaProek
Joined: Jan '08; Posts: 13; Likes: 2


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Hollywood video closing
By Catharin Shepard
Published in News on February 10, 2010 1:47 PM
Hollywood Video on Ash Street is one of the more than 800 video and game rental stores nationwide owned by Movie Gallery Inc. that will close in the coming months.
The store is still renting, but is beginning to sell off its stock of new and used DVDs and video games, manager Jarrett Poff said.
Hollywood Video may continue renting movies for about two more months before Poff must close the doors. The store will liquidate all of its stock during that time. There is not a specific set closing date yet, Poff said.
"It's kind of up in the air," he said.
No returns of any of the discounted stock will be possible. All sales of merchandise are final.
The store employs five people. There is a possibility that the company might attempt to transfer its workers to another store, Poff said.
Movie Gallery Inc. filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and is closing approximately one-third of its stores across the country. Movie Gallery Inc. purchased Hollywood Entertainment Inc., Hollywood Video's parent company, in 2005. The company first appeared in bankruptcy court in 2007.
Blockbuster Video on Wayne Memorial Drive closed earlier this year. After Hollywood Video closes, the Blockbuster Video store on Spence Avenue will be the only national chain video rental store operating a brick and mortar facility in Goldsboro.
Other options for renting movies locally include the Redbox $1-per-night, self-serve DVD rentals available at the Walgreens pharmacy on Wayne Memorial Drive and at Wal-Mart on Spence Avenue.


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Domine Builders Supply offers a range of masonry units to architects, engineers, homebuilders, developers, landscapers, contractors and craftsmen. Founded in 1910, the company manufactures concrete building materials in various shapes and sizes. Its landscape products include Keystone retaining walls, Belgard pavers and Dufferin stones. Located in Rochester, N.Y., Domine Builders Supply is a...
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