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Download a printable version of the Access Control Policy
Reference #: Ent-Pol-Sec-AccCtl-11.4.2
Issue #: No. Pri #17 Final v. 0.01
Issue Date: May 14, 2012
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Who This Policy Applies To
Policy Statement
Roles and Responsibilities
Related Documents
Document History
Executive Summary
This policy articulates the access controls that are required to meet the security objectives of the Enterprise Information Security Policy . Access control management is paramount to protecting Commonwealth Information Technology (IT) Resources and requires implementation of controls and continuous oversight to restrict access.
Commonwealth Secretariats and their respective Agencies, authorities and business partners are required to protect applications, information assets, IT Resources and infrastructure against improper or unauthorized access which could result in compromise of confidentiality, integrity and availability of data and IT Resources.
This policy is organized into the following key sections which map directly to the ISO 27001/27002 Access Control Domain security objectives:
- Business Requirements for Access Control
- User Access Management
- User Responsibilities
- Network Access Control
- Operating System Access Control
- Application and Information Access Control
- Mobile Computing and Teleworking
It is the responsibility of Agency Heads to have the appropriate combination of controls (administrative, technical, physical) in effect that provide reasonable assurance that security objectives are addressed. While an Agency Head may delegate this responsibility, the Agency Head remains accountable. Secretariats and their respective Agencies must achieve compliance with the overall information security goals of the Commonwealth, including compliance with laws, regulations, policies and standards to which their technology resources and data, including but not limited to personal information, are subject.
Who This Policy Applies To
All Secretariats and their respective Agencies and entities governed by the overarching Enterprise Information Security Policy must adhere to requirements of this supporting policy as described below.
- Any entity that uses EOTSS-controlled resources to access the Commonwealth's wide area network (MAGNet);
- Executive Department Secretariats and their respective Agencies,[1] in addition to any agency or third party that connects to the Commonwealth's wide area network (MAGNet), must comply with this policy;
- Executive Department Secretariats and their respective Agencies are required to ensure compliance by any business partner that accesses Executive Department IT Resources or shared environments, e.g. MAGNet;
- Executive Department Secretariats and their respective Agencies are required to ensure compliance by third parties in any aspect of the process of providing goods and services to their agency. These include, but are not limited to, electronic data collection, storage, processing, disposal, dissemination and maintenance. Third parties that interact in any way with Executive Department Commonwealth IT Resources, e.g. MAGNet, are required to comply with this policy; and
- Executive Department Secretariats, and their respective Agencies must develop and/or maintain an access control policy (including remote access) that documents Secretariats' and their respective Agencies' methodologies for providing access to authorized users either traditionally or remotely.
Other Commonwealth entities are encouraged to adopt, at a minimum, security requirements in accordance with this Enterprise Access Control Policy or a more stringent agency policy that addresses agency specific and business related directives, laws, and regulations.
Policy Statement
The objective of this policy is to address the considerations that will help to ensure that the Commonwealth's IT Resources and information assets are properly protected against unauthorized access, while meeting the access requirements for all authorized users. Critical to achieving this objective is the implementation of controls that address each of the requirements stated in this policy.
Executive Department Secretariats and their respective Agencies are required to implement necessary controls for providing authorized access and preventing unauthorized access to IT Resources and information assets on the basis of business, MGL, and security requirements.
1. Business Requirements for Access Control: The objective of this requirement is to ensure that business, legal and security requirements drive the authorization process and access to IT Resources and information assets.
The following must be applied when evaluating the business requirements and implementing supporting access controls:
1.1. Access control policy: Secretariats and respective Agencies must have a documented and periodically reviewed access control policy based on business and security requirements for access.
1.1.1. Access to IT Resources and information must be commensurate with the security requirements of that resource and the classification of data it provides access to.
1.1.2. Authentication methods used for accessing IT Resources and information must be consistent with the Security Controls articulated in the Data Classification Standards .
2. User Access Management: The objective of implementing user access management is to ensure that authorized users are able to access information and resources while unauthorized users are prevented from access to the same.
2.1. User Registration
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must implement a formal user registration and de-registration procedure for granting and revoking access to all information resources and services.
2.2. Privilege Management
Access control rules must take into account existing policies for information dissemination and authorization while incorporating the principle of least privilege which grants the lowest level of access, rights, privileges, and security permissions needed for the performance of authorized tasks to any IT Resource or information.
Access Control rules must differentiate between different roles that may be applicable for an individual commensurate with the classification of the resources. For example, a general user who accesses information from a web site, the individual responsible for updating the content on a web site, the administrator of the application, and the network hosting administrator each have different roles that necessitate different privileges.
Acceptable implementation of this principle will include allocation of user privileges on a need-to-use basis, per system, per application, based on resource and data classification, business requirements, and job function.
2.3. User Password Management
Secretariats and their respective agencies must have a password policy and a formal process for password management and maintenance, along with a formal process to review the password policy and process periodically. The password policy, to the greatest extent technically feasible, should comply with NIST and FISMA standards, which specifically call for a password being comprised of at a minimum of eight characters, including capital and non-capital letters, numerical and special characters.
2.4. Review of User Access Rights
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must establish procedures and controls that cover all phases in the life-cycle of user access, authorization and privileges from provisioning to de-provisioning.
3. User Responsibilities: The objective of implementing user responsibility controls is to foster an informed and co-operative approach between users and the organization's management for protecting IT Resources and data from unauthorized user access.
Executive Department Secretariats and their respective Agencies are required to obtain written user acknowledgement regarding the responsibilities associated with new access privileges prior to providing access credentials to the end user.
3.1. Password Use
Users are responsible for handling, use and storage of passwords in a manner that complies with all password management requirements noted in section 2. On addition:
3.2. Unattended User Equipment
Users are responsible for ensuring that unattended equipment has appropriate protection.
3.3. Clear desk and clear screen policy
Users are responsible for ensuring that information contained in papers and removable storage media on their desks, as well as information on their computer screens, has appropriate protection.
4. Network Access Control: The objective of Network Access Control is to provide access to internal and external networked systems in a controlled manner that is consistent with security policies.
Access to Commonwealth internal and external networked services via MAGNet must be protected through a combination of security controls including network segmentation, deployment of firewalls and other security appliances and appropriate authentication mechanisms to prevent and detect unauthorized access while providing secure access to authorized users and systems.
4.1. Policy on use of Network Services
Access to any given network service must only be granted to users who are specifically authorized to use that particular service.
4.2. User Authentication for External Connections:
Approved statewide remote access methods must be used for and by employees, contractors, contracted business partners, and statutory business partners.
4.3. Equipment Identification in Networks
Whenever possible, connections from specific locations and equipment must be authenticated using automatic equipment identification.
4.4. Remote Diagnostic and Configuration Port Protection
Any IT Resource that has a remote diagnostic or configuration service or facility must be evaluated to validate the need for remote access functionality.
4.5. Segregation in Networks
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must adopt a segmented approach to separate logical network domains.
4.6. Network Connection Control (flow control)
Users' capability to connect to the Commonwealth shared network must be restricted according to access control policy and business application requirements.
4.7. Network Routing Control
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must implement network routing controls that enforce the network's access control policies.
5. Operating System Access Control: The objective of implementing operating system access controls is to enable the ability to restrict access to operating systems to only authorized users.
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have policies and procedures in effect to prevent unauthorized access to operating systems by employing controls that will properly authenticate users, provide appropriate access by role (e.g. Administrator), log activities, and generate notifications in the event of a breach.
5.1. Secure Log-on Procedures
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must adopt login procedures that minimize the opportunity for unauthorized access by implementing Security Controls.
5.2. User Identification and Authentication
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must ensure that User Identification and Authentication controls support the security objectives of the system or environment.
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have procedures and controls in place that utilize authentication controls of strength commensurate with the sensitivity of the system and data accessible by authenticated users where appropriate, e.g. cryptographic means, smart cards, tokens or biometric means.
5.3. Password Management System
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must enforce policies and implement an effective password management system in accordance with the requirements of sections 2.3 and 3.1 of this policy.
5.4. Use of System Utilities
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have system policies and procedures in place to tightly control access and permissions associated with utility programs including those that might be capable of overriding system and application controls.
In order to accomplish this, Secretariats and their respective Agencies must control the use of System Utilities using identification, authentication and authorization procedures.
5.5. Session Time-out
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have system policies and procedures in place to shut down inactive sessions after a defined period of inactivity. Use of Session Time-out functionality must be consistent with the Security Controls articulated in the Session Time-out section of the Enterprise Access Control Standards.
5.6. Limitation of Connection Time
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have system policies and procedures in place to limit connection time based on a defined period of inactivity. Use of connection time-based limitation functionality must be considered for systems and environments classified as having high sensitivity or high risk.
6. Application and Information Access Control: The objective of implementing application and information access control is to enable enforcement of access policies for information and system functions, protect against unauthorized access and prevent compromise of systems with which information resources are shared.
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have policies and procedures in effect to prevent unauthorized access to application systems, application system functions, information contained within the applications and integrated sub-systems. Effective controls include use of layered security techniques, security controls, and standards to protect against compromise from any unauthorized access including but not limited to interactive users, applications, application services, etc.
6.1. Information Access Restriction
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have access policies and procedures in effect to manage access to information and application system functions in accordance with both Enterprise and Secretariat and Agency policies. These policies and procedures must reflect the Enterprise Access Control Standards. All applications should follow current generally accepted control practices as promoted by respected security organizations including, but not limited to those published by The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), The National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), and The SysAdmin, Audit, Network, Security Institute (SANS), etc. Best practices such as these should form the basis of these policies and procedures.
6.2. Sensitive System Isolation
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must isolate systems containing data that is classified as having high sensitivity, e.g. FTI, PII, HIPAA, etc. Entities must have controls in effect to ensure that systems utilizing the public access architecture are properly secured and compliant with this policy and related standards. Entities need to ensure that appropriate monitoring mechanisms are in place to provide reasonable assurance that established controls are in effect. The isolated computing environment must protect an application system based on the explicitly identified and documented sensitivity classification and associated requirements as documented by the application owner. The isolated computing environment must also only be physically accessible to personnel that are approved such access by their respective Secretariat or Agency SCIO on an annually reviewed basis.
6.3. Logging and Monitoring
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have system policies and procedures in place to address appropriate Logging and Monitoring functionality. Use of Logging and Monitoring functionality must be consistent with the Security Controls articulated in the Logging and Monitoring section of the Enterprise Access Control Standards.
6.4. Deployment and Maintenance
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must deploy and maintain application systems in a manner consistent with the Security Controls articulated in the Deployment and Maintenance section of the Enterprise Access Control Standards.
6.5. Application/Sub-Systems/Middleware
Secretariats and their respective Agencies who deploy applications using containers that provide execution environments distinct from the underlying operating system must employ controlled access to configuration and management functions provided by such environments with procedures and controls that are consistent with the Security Controls articulated in the Application/Sub-Systems/Middleware section of the Enterprise Access Control Standards.
7. Mobile Computing and Teleworking: The objective of implementing mobile computing and teleworking access controls is to protect against the unique risks introduced by accessing Commonwealth IT Resources from potentially unprotected environments.
Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have policies and procedures in effect to mitigate the additional risks by implementing security controls to protect IT Resources accessed from mobile or teleworking environments.
7.1. Mobile Computing and Communications: Wireless and remote access methods and controls including Wireless Local Area Network (LAN) access (considered to be remote access) must use only approved and supported remote access methods and enforce required controls on Secretariat and Agency IT Resources. Users must sign all applicable Remote Access User Acknowledgments and/or Mobile Device Acknowledgments as required prior to being given access to any Commonwealth resources in a mobile fashion. Mobile devices must, to the greatest extent possible, adhere to the Password Management sections 2.3 and 3.1.
7.2. Teleworking: In addition to complying with all of the requirements articulated in Section 4 of this policy, Secretariats and their respective Agencies must have policies and procedures in effect to mitigate and address added risks associated with Teleworking and remote access to IT Resources. Entities must adhere to Enterprise, Secretariat and Agency policies, standards, and contracts while accessing IT Resources via a teleworking environment, including but not limited to Acceptable Use Policy, VPN Policy, etc.
Roles and Responsibilities
All Secretariats and their respective Agencies and entities governed by the overarching Enterprise Information Security Policy are subject to the referenced roles and responsibilities in addition to those specifically stated within this supporting policy. The roles and responsibilities associated with implementation and compliance with this policy follow:
Assistant Secretary for Information Technology
- Develop mandatory standards and procedures for Secretariats and their respective Agencies to follow before entering into contracts providing third parties with access to electronic high sensitivity information including, but not limited to, personal information or IT systems containing such information.
- Approval and adoption of this Enterprise Access Control Policy and its revisions.
Secretariat Chief Information Officer (SCIO) and Agency Head
- Exercise due diligence in adhering to the requirements contained in this policy.
- Provide communication, training and enforcement of this policy that support the security goals of the Secretariat, its respective Agencies, and the Commonwealth.
- Provide proper third party oversight as applicable for access to and communication with agency IT Resources including applications and information assets.
- Ensure compliance with this policy for all prospective and actual wireless communications deployments, including vendor oversight.
- Ensure all wireless communications deployments in the state entity are sanctioned and supported by the entity's information technology staff in compliance with this policy and related standards.
Secretariat or Agency Information Security Officer (ISO)
- Ensure that the goals and requirements of the Enterprise Access Control Policy are met.
Enterprise Security Board (ESB)
- Recommend revisions and updates to this policy and related standards.
The Executive Office of Technology Services and Security (EOTSS)
- After review of any related recommendations of the Enterprise Security Board, issue revisions and updates to this policy and related standards.
Third parties
- Ensure that all IT systems and applications developed by or for Executive Department agencies or operating within the Commonwealth's Wide Area Network (MAGNet) conform to this and other applicable Enterprise Information Technology Policies, Standards and Procedures promulgated by the CIO. Non-conforming IT systems cannot be deployed unless the purchasing entity and their contractor have jointly applied for and received, in writing from the CIO or designee, notice that a specified deviation will be permitted.
- Comply with agency implementation of this policy at a minimum or a more stringent agency specific policy including:
- Attestation and certification that third parties have read Executive Order 504 and this policy.
- Review and compliance with all information security programs, plans, guidelines, standards and policies that apply to work performed for their contracting agency.
- Communication of such provisions to and enforcement against their subcontractors, and implementation and maintenance of any other reasonable and appropriate security procedures and practices necessary to protect high sensitivity information, including but not limited to personal information, to which they are given access as part of the contract from unauthorized access, destruction, use, modification, disclosure or loss.
Related Documents
Related Standards and Procedures include:
Mass.Gov Portal
Public Access Architecture
Outlook Web Access (OWA) Procedures
Security Shared Service Procedures
VPN Procedures
Primary references that were used in development of this policy include:
Executive Order 504
Additional information referenced includes:
M.G.L., Ch 93H
M.G.L., Ch 93I
M.G.L., Ch 66A
HIPAA Security Rule
Key terms used in this policy have been provided below for your convenience. For a full list of terms please refer to the Executive Office of Technology Services and Security (EOTSS) web site where a full glossary of Commonwealth Specific Terms is maintained.
Agency – A department, bureau, commission, board, office, council, or other entity in the executive department of government, created by Massachusetts constitution or statue..
Business Partner – A generic term referring to both contracted business partners and statutory business partners. (See definitions for "Contracted Business Partner" and "Statutory Business Partner" below).
Contracted Business Partner - An entity under contract with the Commonwealth with which the Commonwealth has an agreement to share data or engage in secure communications for a limited purpose. Contracted business partners do not include individuals who are under contract with and paid directly by the Commonwealth.
Controlled Networks - Networks physically or operationally controlled and security managed by a specific Commonwealth entity. Controls include physical, operating system, application, and patch security.
Employees – Agency's employees or individuals under contract with the agency to provide services and paid directly by the agency whose work is controlled and directed by the agency.
Hardware – Computers and any physical equipment used in connection with them, such as keyboards, printers, etc.
Information Technology (IT) Resources – The Commonwealth's computers, printers, and other peripherals, programs, local and wide area networks, access to the Internet when provided by the Commonwealth, and remote access methods including VPN.
MAGNet – Commonwealth's Wide Area Computer Network.
Outlook Web Access (OWA) - A feature subset of Microsoft Outlook that allows MassMail users to remotely access their email via a web browser.
Statutory Business Partner- Individuals or entities that are not under contract with the Commonwealth and have a statutory right to access data held by the Commonwealth.
User – Any workforce member (or computer performing automated tasks) with a legitimate reason and purpose to use Commonwealth IT resources.
Wireless Mobile Communications (WMC) – WMC utilize licensed frequencies and include such services as 2G and 3G cellular telecommunications, Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD), Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), and General Packet Radio Services (GPRS), among others. WWANs can span world-wide but are currently limited in data transmission rates, typically from 56Kbps to 300Kbps.
Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWAN, non-cellular) - High-speed point-to-point wireless connections, sometimes called Fixed Wireless to differentiate them from mobile wireless connections or Wireless LANs. For the purposes of this policy document, WWAN networks are defined as those utilizing FCC-licensed radio frequencies (microwave) for point-to-point communication between facilities. This section will only apply to client communication/use of devices that operate within FCC regulated frequencies, as unregulated frequency use is prohibited. Microwave networks support data communication rates from T1 to OC-3 – speeds are very dependent on the frequency, type of radio and protocol(s) utilized.
Document History
|Effective Date
|Next Review Date
|Ref #11.4.2 Enterprise Access Control Policy published
|April 2015
|Accessibility Remediation-no content changes


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The head of Spain's civil aviation said the Spanair plane that crashed in Madrid Wednesday must have suffered more than one kind of failure. Meanwhile, grieving relatives are continuing efforts to help identify the remains of the 153 people who were killed. Sabina Castelfranco reports from Rome.
Just 19 people survived Wednesday's crash of the Spanair twin-engine plane bound for the Canary Islands from Madrid. It was Spain's worst air disaster in 25 years.
As the investigation to determine the cause of the disaster continued, the head of Spain's civil aviation, Manuel Batista, said there was more than one breakdown. He said engine failure alone would not have been enough to bring the plane down. He added that modern aircraft are designed to fly on just one engine in an emergency.
It may take months to establish what caused the plane crash. But useful details are expected to come from the two recovered black box (flight data) recorders. The Spanish government says it has much information to work with, including video footage of the plane's takeoff from airport cameras.
Spain's deputy Prime Minister Maria Teresa Fernandez de la Vega said the investigation commission is working very intensively and hand in hand with foreign experts. She added that the results would be given to a judge, but details would be made public as soon as possible.
Meanwhile grieving relatives of those killed in the crash continued with the ordeal of identifying bodies. Many bodies were burned beyond recognition and forensic teams are taking DNA samples from relatives.
Spain is observing three days of mourning and an official funeral presided over by Madrid Archbishop Antonio Maria Rouco has been scheduled for Sept. 1.

subset: commoncrawl


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Balancing Accounts: How to Avenge Email Snubs
Here is something i sent out last week that may amuse those of you who have ever been snubbed or ignored in your efforts to communictae in this very volatile world of email.
To whom it may concern,
Please read this in its entirety if you have any interest in improving your business sense.
If you are receiving this message, here's why: In the last 12 months or so you have, deliberately or otherwise, ignored emails sent you regarding my wares (books, scripts, articles, etc, all suffused with that unique, sadly underappreciated Horsley genius).
I am sure you have your reasons for this. Everybody always has reasons. But unless such reasons entail a debilitating sickness, an unforeseen accident, a lawsuit, abduction by aliens or something equally earth-shattering, I am not really interested. I am concerned only with the effects which your discourtesy had on me at the time. It may have been months back; perhaps you weren't even aware of snubbing anyone at the time, much less now. But I do remember.
Writers have longer memories than elephants. Those like myself, touched or cursed by momentary genius, we are petty, obsessive, vengeful beasts. (All decent writers write at least partly for revenge.) Some day, when the success and recognition I shamelessly covet is finally mine, all your snubs will mean nothing. They are, I freely acknowledge, part of the necessary tempering of the artist, and I shall not kick against these pricks. But allow me at least to point them out.
It is in the interests of cleansing my psyche of you once and for all that I am sending this email, collectively, to let you know that, witting or otherwise, you have offended this "hot-headed fantasist" (quoting Pauline Kael, get it??)
Perhaps you think you (or your time) are too important to observe what my mother calls "good manners" and common courtesy? Perhaps you consider these ideas old-fashioned in the age of stem cells and Internet? Whatever business you are in—in most cases a publishing house or agency—I guarantee this is not so, and that your own advancement is suffering from such an attitude. Snubbing potential clients isn't just sloppy and rude—it's bad business.
I wanted to keep this short. Only those with sufficiently morbid curiosity (and any of you who still have consciences) will still be reading anyway. What is this maniac trying to accomplish here? I will tell you.
This email serves as a collective Curse upon all of you who had the temerity and arrogance to ignore one of the visionary talents of our age. It is a Curse in the old, Egyptian sense, not the modern, angry expletive sense (though I am tempted). Do not expect plagues of locusts or for blood to come through your bathroom faucet. Any of you who happen to lose a limb or contract brain cancer in the next few months, please don't blame me. The curse should fit the crime, so this is a very mild curse, intended to cause just the amount of rancor, frustration, stress, righteous wrath and indignation that you have all (wittingly or not) inflicted upon my own sensitive psyche. A particularly obscene traffic jam, perhaps, an underserved parking ticket, an unaccountably rude bank teller, painful humiliation at the hands of a beautiful woman (or star client), and suchlike—expect any or all of these in the following months.
This Curse will become effective as of next Tuesday, 31st of October, being the day of All Hallow's Eve, also called Sam Hain, popularly know as Halloween. Any of you who feel undeserving of this cybernetic hex, contact me with humble apology and/or convincing explanation within the next seven days, you will hereby be exempted from it. The rest of you? The next time some stupid unthinking SOB snubs, disses, or ignores you FOR NO GOOD REASON, you will think of me.
That's all. Now go about your flagging business.
Yours karmically,
The genius-whose-daddy-didn't love him enough,
Jake Horsley
And the solitary response (two hours after i sent the email, a week ago, from a US publisher):
Your email notice certainly did the trick in making me feel a "member" of the cursed.
With that said, I do apologize for not getting back to you over the last 12 months and I am truly sorry that I haven't been able to connect with you in a way that ended up in our making a deal for one of your projects.
Please forgive me and don't stop sending projects to me for review in the future.
Best wishes,


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State Data Center
The Utah State Data Center provides training and technical assistance in accessing and using Census data. [ Learn more ]
For a listing of coordinating, state, business, and industry affiliates, click [ here ]
To receive help finding Census data please call us at (801) 538-1036 or email us.
Census Data
2010 Census
- 2010 Census Data
- 2010 Census Briefs
- Census Block Maps for the State (2010 Census)
- Census Tract Maps for the State of Utah & Counties (2010 Census)
- US Census Bureau


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Explore the most popular trails near ʻĀina Haina with hand-curated trail maps and driving directions as well as detailed reviews and photos from hikers, campers and nature lovers like you.
Long, difficult trail, but worth it if you enjoy 3'ish hour hikes. Unfortunately it was socked in with clouds at the top, so we didn't get a great view. Most days it'll be pretty cloudy fyi. That being said, if you get it on a nice day, you'll have a fantastic view of both south and east side from the top. There are a few ways to go around the loop and a couple trails that veer off the main one, so I'd recommend having a trail map up if you question which way to go at any point.
Probably the least trafficked trail I've been on that is still relatively close to town. Didn't see a single person the entire time. Trail is well marked in both directions (whether you do clockwise or counter clockwise). There are bottle caps nailed to trees and ribbons tied to trees to show the way. You pass through a muddy ravine/small stream and then start the steep ascent up Wailupe ridge. It's a pretty wide trail up until the last half mile to the KST junction and then there are fairly narrow sections. I've done this in both directions and I'm undecided on which is the better way.
Do not, I repeat DO NOT do this trail counter clockwise. My friend and I are very experienced hikers but it goes from bad to worse. It started with getting lost near a hunters camp (I think they took down the markers), progressed to a steep not well trod trail, and then on to chest high ferns on a super steep slope for the final two hour slog to the top. We kept discussing turning back, but figured the top couldn't be THAT much further and we really didn't want to redo the shitty trail. Trust me, it can get steepers, more overgrown, and harder to find. I uploaded two pictures from our hike. The trail was last maintained by the Hawaii Mountain Club in 2015 and the vegetation has really taken over. It took us 6 hours to do this 5.3 mile loop. The west leg of the trail, from the parking lot to the top of Wiliwilinui is well marked and very doable. But do not do the east leg of this trail unless you really enjoy the suck.
Not hard, just steep, a little overgrown with uluhe in some areas, bring pants if you care about scratches, completed the loop in 2:50... look at my profile for pics!
Did the loop starting with the East route first...not sure if that is the best way,,,,just what I did. I did get off the path soon after making the turn to the east path, not as marked as well, that or I missed the mark. Did a little off trail hiking using the Alltrails app on the cell to get me back. The first portion of the east trail very steep and exposed, so be sure to have sunscreen.
After a while, you are in the shade and will be in the shade for the most part up to the summit of Wailupe. Got pretty steep right before the summit to Wailupe. Very little to no mud today, which was a welcome relief after the last few hikes I have done. Took the KST portion slow, and there is only 1 section on the KST that was tricky, wish there was a rope there.
On the way down which uses the Wiliwilinui Ridge Trail, I did not locate the right turn off going down back to finish the loop. Did a long section going down off trail where it was very steep down going from tree to tree. Using the app again saved me as I was finally able to locate the correct way down...still very steep down but much more manageable.
Final note on the east ridge getting to Wailupe, is seldom used and at parts a little overgrown. Not sure why it is not used more, is a really good climb. Bring tons of water, you will need it!
A rarely use trail that traverses up Wailupe's middle ridge to the Koolau Summit. You gain about 2,400' in about 2 miles so yes, it can get quite steep. A lot of native plants. We did not do the loop, just out and back. Guaranteed a good workout.
While there wasn't many view points to look at the valley, mountains, or ocean, there's lots of creek views, tropical foliage, flowers, bamboo forest, tropical fruits, avocado, etc... Not really a hard hike (I made it back to the pine forest), but not easy. Lots of roots and rocks, some mud. I'd like to go if I have more time, go a bit further back.
As a novice hiker, I will never do this hike again. I'm lucky to have made it out with only a few scrapes and bruises. From the beginning, we were worried. The entrance to the trail is right in someone's drive way. Once you enter, there is a fence covered in green tarp with graffiti all over it. If you persevere, you find yourself surrounded by beautiful bamboo, but that's where the fun stopped for us. It was practically a mosquito breeding ground. They ate good yesterday. They snacked through our repellant and our clothes. All of a sudden, the trail tags changed from pink to orange, then randomly purple. We felt okay because we were seeing tags, but we found ourselves rock climbing up an algae covered river bed (also chalk full of mosquitos and ants) and decided to turn around and found a halfhearted trail off to the side marked with orange tags. At this point we realized we were lost. We kept pushing as we lost daylight, and found ourselves hanging on for dear life off of the side of an almost vertical cliff. We jumped from tree to tree, hoping we don't fall onto the bed of slippery rocks below us. Thank goodness to whoever tied a rope to the trees deep in the forest. I have never been so happy to have my two feet planted on the ground again once we repelled down the rope. We pulled our maps out and headed south back to the trail head with thousands of bug bites, bloody arms, and a vow to never do this trail again.
Great hike. Easy to find the trail head at the end of Hao St. I drove my moped here from town too :)
Surprisingly difficult when you start going up Wailupe Ridge. If you have rope, I'd bring it. I only did one hour up and one back but made it up pretty far! Great views and wild life (saw a Jackson's Chameleon right at the beginning).
The trail is well marked with pink ribbons and bottle caps.
Great hike. Difficult. Took me 6 hours.
Difficult, with a very steep ascent up Wailupe ridgeline. Koolau summit trail crossing involved, then a very steep descent. Took 6 hours.


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The Manipur economic blockade imposed by the United Naga Council nearly five month ago would be lifted from midnight on Sunday, said an official statement after the talks among the Centre, the state government and the Naga groups. The joint statement issued after the tripartite talks, held at the Senapati district headquarters, said there would be "unconditional release of the arrested UNC leaders and all cases related to the economic blockade against the Naga tribe leaders and the student leaders will be closed."
The blockade was imposed by the UNC on November 1 to protest against the creation of seven new districts by erstwhile O Ibobi Singh-led Congress government in the state.
The statement was signed by Joint Secretary Satyendra Garg of the Union Home Ministry, Additional Chief Secretary (Home) J Suresh Babu and Commissioner (Works) Radhakumar Singh of the Manipur government and UNC general secretary S Milan and All Naga Students Association president Seth Shatsang.
The tripartite talks were held first on February 7 in Imphal for ending the blockade on two national highways NH 2 and NH 37, but they had failed to make any headway as the UNC refused to allow the seven new districts to be carved out.
The stake holders had earlier met in Delhi on February 4 and the Centre had expressed hope that the blockade would end soon.
The joint statement said the next round of tripartite talks would be held within a month at political level.
For all the latest India News, download Indian Express App


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Lost and Found
Please contact the campus lost and found office for items left in the BC building. http://www.sbcc.edu/security/lost_and_found.php
Ordinary items may be left in the room at the discretion of the faculty member for later retrieval. You may check for a missing item in the room where you left it either before or after a scheduled class. Please do not interrupt classes to check for lost items.


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St Marks National Wildlife Refuge is a wonderful place to visit and that's true whether you are a nature lover or a bird. The habitat is pristine, the marshes are beautiful and the staff are all generous, congenial and seem genuinely happy to work there. Personally, I think that has a lot to do with the trickle-down effect from Refuge Manager Terry Peacock. She brings experience, authority and a big smile to every encounter and makes you feel like you have just arrived home. And for many of our birds that's exactly what St Marks is, at least for the winter.
Brooke will spend his winter season in Florida. He will monitor any birds that spend time in St Marks and check on others in the vicinity. He may even help with re-banding some of the birds that have non-functioning transmitters. The following is a great story about the managers, staff, friends and supporters of the refuge and how they all got together to fix the winters' storm damage to the release pen they built in early 2009.
The pen is open-topped and covers four acres with good roosting inside. No food will be provided to the winter visitors but most of them are familiar and may choose to roost where it's safe. In fact, they likely don't even know it's a pen. Terry's team also repaired the small top-netted section but that would only be used to protect an injured bird while awaiting care from a vet. Let's hope it's never used.
Thanks to Terry and her indefatigable team.
— Joe Duff
Written by a St. Marks NWR Volunteer
Every year since 2008, St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge Manager Terry Peacock has invited the public for a work day in autumn to help Refuge staff prepare a 3-acre fenced pen to be a safe winter roost for migratory whooping cranes.
One never knows exactly how many of these endangered birds will visit St. Marks. Eight whoopers
visited or stayed on or near the Refuge during the winter of 2016-2017. Among these was adult male 5-12 who has faithfully returned to St. Marks every winter of his life.
So, when the 7 young whooping cranes costume-reared by Operation Migration this summer began associating with 5-12 and his subadult buddy PR30-16 on White River Marsh Wildlife Area in Wisconsin, hopes rose that 5-12 might guide the 7 chicks to winter at St. Marks NWR. If any other cranes joined them, it could get very busy indeed on the Refuge!
With this in mind, the decision was made to maintain the crane pen for another year. Our 2017 public work day was then scheduled for Saturday, October 14.
Meanwhile, Hurricanes Irma and Nate blew through in September and early October, driving the fury of the Gulf of Mexico onto coastal communities. The crane pen fence was torn and sections were doubled over where PVC support posts had snapped. On October 5th, the Refuge Facebook page said "the job is going to be a lot bigger… We need lots of able-bodied volunteers who don't mind hard work in the muck."
About 28 hardy U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service staff, Refuge Friends and Photo Club, community volunteers, and FSU Environmental Service Program students showed up bright and early on October 14 unfazed by muck and eager to tackle the repairs.
Refuge Manager Terry Peacock warmly welcomed her 2017 Whooping Crane Pen crew and shared some history. She highlighted how, in this 10th year of whooping crane restoration at St. Marks, volunteers' work on the pen and facilities would aid migratory whooping crane recovery in North America.
Terry recounted how it all began in 2008 when she gave an emphatic yes!!! to FWS endangered species specialist Billy Brooks who had asked her if St. Marks NWR would participate in the historic whooping crane recovery project. With strong local support encouraged by Terry, the "Whooper Hilton" was completed by January, 2009 before the St. Marks Class of 2008 flew in guided by the ultralight aircraft of Operation Migration.
CLICK to view a slideshow on Journey North about the St. Marks site
As to our workday – – Terry was frank, the pen had taken a whacking. She assigned most of the crew to repair fencing, the last line of defense for the whooping cranes we expected might arrive within the coming month. So much to do, so little time!
We loaded up for the rustic 2-mile ride to the trail head, then a half-mile hike out through the coastal forested wetlands to the edge of the salt marsh. As the winter caretakers can attest, it takes a long time just to go to and come from the pen each day. But oh, what sights, sounds, scents, and scenery! Crossing the salt marsh, we approached the pen under the watchful eyes of a trio of great egrets to our north and a bald eagle in a snag half a mile to our southeast. You could almost hear their thoughts: "There goes the neighborhood…again!"
First, there was an orientation about fence components and the art of fence layering, tying, and testing to assure that even a slender arm cannot pass through the layers. As Terry predicted, the cohort of cable ties placed 3 or 4 years ago was now aging out. Volunteers split into teams, removed crumbling old ties, and strategically placed new ties and reinforcements to exclude predators. Gradually this "first aid" patched and healed vulnerable sections of the fence.
Nearby in the north pond of the pen, Sophia led the FSU oyster rakers in arranging shells where the whooping cranes can walk and safely roost at night to avoid predators. This team had the gooiest job, but we think they also had the most fun!
Tom Darragh and his Photo Club crew recruited the tallest fence tiers to help restore the small topnetted pen inside the large pen. The small pen can protect an ill or injured crane, should the need arise. Due to the severe damage, this job will require more workdays to complete – – twisted and damaged supports are visible in the upper left corner of the photo above,.
Perched atop a ladder, Dan Frisk, who manages the North Florida Refuge Complex, worked with others to reinforce and restore the heavily damaged top half of the fence to its original height. Terry Peacock and Ranger Scott Davis led crews with varied tasks and shuttled supplies to other teams. Ed the electrician and helpers circled the pen examining and collecting electric-fence posts that were damaged or rusted – – a common problem in a salt marsh subject to broad tidal fluctuations.
As temperatures rose into the 80s and the breeze dropped, the morning crew prepared to head back to town. They left the fence much stronger for their efforts, and hundreds of old cable ties departed the marsh in their trash sacs. Well done!
When a volunteer took a fall on the way out, everyone stepped forward to help. Special kudos go to Wilderness First Aid-trained Travis Pollard (Fire Crew), who took quick and effective action with others to organize a safe recovery.
This was a timely reminder for others to take a break in the shade of the observation blind, evaluate the morning's progress, and tell some tall tales. A favorite story was that of Joe Bonislawski, a beloved photographer, volunteer and friend to all, who worked tirelessly on the pen for many years. He passed away on the same day in March 2013 when the yearling cranes departed north on migration. Joe's tale of dedication is a lasting inspiration to all volunteers.
It takes a village up and down the flyway to give whooping cranes a chance to survive and thrive in the changing world they share with us. As our team hiked out, we discussed the many challenges facing these birds, and the hope inspired by efforts of WCEP members and other public and private organizations, donors, and landowners who have supported this reintroduction project since its inception. It is an honor and a privilege to work with those who are willing to put skin in the game to help an endangered species.
In the words of Refuge Manager Terry Peacock:
"There is no doubt that Volunteers definitely make a difference in the amount of work for wildlife we are able to accomplish. Thank you!"
And ,Terry, thank you for inviting us to help!!! Whoop-Whoop-Whoop!


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LK302. The Purl Stitch
The second-most common stitch in the knitting world is the purl stitch, which is sort of the opposite of a knit. Once you know how to knit and purl, you can make all sorts of patterns by combining the two stitches.
Lay the yarn loosely underneath the loop that is on the peg. Insert the hook under that loop, and scoop up the working yarn, thus creating a new loop.
Take the existing loop off of the peg, and replace it with the loop that is pulled through.


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Township Supervisor
Robert J. Cannon grew up in St Clair Shores as the eldest of five children. He attended St. Gertrude Elementary and was a four-sport letterman at Lakeview High School where he graduated in 1967. Mr. Cannon received his undergraduate degree, Masters in Business Administration (MBA) and specialist degrees from Wayne State University, and played varsity baseball there as well. Mr. Cannon was employed in private industry, has worked as a business consultant, and in 2000, retired from the Utica Community School District following a successful 25 year career as an educator.
As one who is considered a real "people person", Bob enjoys working with people, from coaching youth athletic teams and volunteering in his church, to working on numerous community committees.
Mr. Cannon served the community as a township trustee for 16 years, prior to his election as Supervisor in November, 2000. He is a strong and confident leader, fully prepared to guide this growing and very progressive community of Clinton Township into the future.
Noteworthy accomplishments include:
Mr. Cannon was honored by the Macomb County Ministerial Alliance as the 1st Year Recipient of the "McMA Inclusion Award", recognizing his outstanding commitment to the principal of inclusion in all aspects of the communities within Macomb County.
He was equally honored to receive the "Community Leadership Award" given by Housing Opportunities for Macomb, Inc., an organization which promotes empowering home ownership and revitalizing neighborhoods.
Mr. Cannon was inducted into the Macomb County Hall of Fame in 2012.
Robert currently serves as a member of:
Contact Information
Phone: 586-723-8093
More Information
For more information, you can view Robert J. Cannon's personal page at:http://www.robertjcannon.com


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100 Posters/134 Squirrels
A 2010 reissue of Jay Ryan's underground hit book, with new material added, and essays by Steve Albini, Art Chantry, Greg Kot, and Debra Parr.
A 2010 reissue of Jay Ryan's underground hit book, with new material added, and essays by Steve Albini, Art Chantry, Greg Kot, and Debra Parr.
An "anti-manifesto" from the co-author of Dance of Days: Two Decades of Punk in the Nation's Capital with a preface by Jennifer Baumgardner, author of Manifesta: Young Women, Feminism, and the Future.
The second book from the iconic Chicago underground poster artist, with a foreword by Andrew Bird and an essay by Joe Meno.
By guerrilla poster artist Robbie Conal.
A magical, lyrical picture book debut from acclaimed composer and playwright Oren Lavie, illustrated by beloved German illustrator Wolf Erlbruch.
The long-awaited reissue of the sequel to Amiri Baraka's seminal work, BLUES PEOPLE, and latest selection in the AkashiClassics Renegade Reprint Series. This collection of essays by Amiri Baraka/LeRoi Jones includes a new introduction by the author and Q&A by Calvin Reid.
An uproarious new essay collection from Washington, DC's, infamous cult music hero and satirist.
Nearly forty years after breaking his way into public consciousness, the indefatigable godfather of indie features and African American cinema presents a graphic novel that serves as the inspiration for his latest film.
An irresistible and hilarious book of cat cartoon portraits for all cat lovers, old, young, and in between.
An irresistible and hilarious book of cat cartoon portraits for all cat lovers, old, young, and in between.
Updated 2009 edition of this evergreen punk classic—with a new chapter, additional photos, and other original material!
The most complete book on Depeche Mode. Ever.
Autism spectrum disorder is found in one of every eighty-eight children—this gorgeous book offers powerful insight into the disorder.
Pearl Jam's longtime in-house designer, Brad Klausen, presents his first book of visually stunning poster art. With introductions by Eddie Vedder and Jeff Ament from Pearl Jam.
A Jamaican patois translation of the New York Times, Amazon.com, and Wall Street Journal number one best seller and worldwide phenomenon.
The debut collection of Mr. Fish's searing and hilarious political cartoons, featured in Harper's, Truthdig, and elsewhere.
A gift book for parents that will have them laughing even as they cry.
For a limited time, purchase both Go the Fuck to Sleep and You Have to Fucking Eat for only $20!
A passionate memoir and fearless behind-the-scenes look at the personal lives of the biggest reggae stars in the world.
Pulitzer prize–winning photographer Lucian Perkins captures four electrifying punk shows in Washington, DC, in 1979, with narrative by Alec MacKaye and an essay by Henry Rollins.
Ryan Adams presents his second book of passionate, transcendent verse.
Bob Marley's first and most famous son, Ziggy, extends his devotion to youth with his debut children's book.
Fifty years after 1967, Goldberg explores the continued relevance of political and cultural movements from that pivotal year in history.
World-famous singer-songwriter Ryan Adams reveals his prodigious talents as a poetry and fiction writer.
An illustrated children's book about marijuana so that parents can discuss the complexities of pot in a fact-oriented manner.
Legendary indie rockers the Jesus Lizard present an idiosyncratic, impassioned document of their rock and roll conquests.
A poetic elegy for Kurt Cobain from the man who created the band Hole with Cobain's wife, Courtney Love.
An RDV Books publication.
The third book from the iconic underground poster artist.
Founding member of world-famous rock band Nirvana offers a personal and political memoir.
Please Take Me Off the Guest List is the latest in a series of creative collaborations by New York City artists and friends Zachary Lipez, Nick Zinner, and Stacy Wakefield.
An oral history of the legendary band Primus, with a star-studded cast of interviewees (Tom Waits, Phish front man Trey Anastasio, etc.)
From the illustrator of Go the F*** to Sleep comes a history of coffee, Coca-Cola, caffeine, cocaine, secret formulas, special flavors, special favors, Harry J. Anslinger, and Prohibition.
The children's version of the #1 New York Times best-selling classic!
The 100% kid-friendly, G-rated version of the New York Times best-selling parents' book, You Have to F**king Eat.
The first collection of work from the acclaimed underground music photographer.
For a limited time, purchase both Simon's Cat in Kitten Chaos and Simon's Cat vs. the World for only $20!
Half the size, double the trouble. Simon's cat has a new little friend who may be even more accident prone.
In this brand-new book we see Simon's Cat face any feline's most dreaded scenario: heading to the vet.
This year, the world's favorite cat faces his biggest series of challenges yet, as he takes on the whole globe!
An oral and photographic history of the Washington, DC, punk rock scene, including Minor Threat, Bad Brains, Fugazi, and more.
Washington, DC–based rock 'n' roll antihero Ian F. Svenonius provides an unparalleled and exquisitely provocative how-to guide for rock bands.
International best-selling rock band Garbage presents its own autobiography, a gorgeous, full-color coffee-table book with text and images galore. Note: This page is for the regular edition of This Is the Noise That Keeps Me Awake. For the limited edition preorder with an exclusive 12" vinyl, please follow this link.
International best-selling rock band Garbage's gorgeous new coffee-table book chronicling the span of their twenty-two-year career, This Is the Noise That Keeps Me Awake, is available here as part of a limited edition preorder package, featuring an EXCLUSIVE 12" record and a copy of the book. Please make sure you select the appropriate domestic or international shipping option to prevent delays processing your order. Your order may be cancelled and your money refunded if you do not select the correct destination.
Note that as of 18:30 ET on 1/18/17, we have sold out of the 1,000 signed copies of the limited edition, but don't despair, the collectible book and record bundle remains available while supplies last by clicking the ADD TO CART button below.
Two Times Intro is Michael Stipe's intimate and evocative visual diary of Patti Smith's return to live performance.
An impassioned history of the final, turbulent years of The Clash under the dark shadow of Reagan and Thatcher.
Revised and expanded edition of the punk classic (more than 15,000 copies sold), with six new interviews.
An outrageous and provocative photograph book of cult music hero Peaches, with text from Peaches, Yoko Ono, Ellen Page, and Michael Stipe.
Price for limited edition package: $100
*One copy of the book
*Signed limited/numbered print
*Limited edition Peaches "Grillz" necklace
An outrageous and provocative photograph book of cult music hero Peaches, with text from Peaches, Yoko Ono, Ellen Page, and Michael Stipe.
A beautifully illustrated children's history of hip-hop, from a progressive/idealistic perspective.
A wonderfully illustrated children's history of punk rock, from a progressive/idealistic perspective.
A gorgeous and hilarious picture book about the most unusual breakfast two sisters ever ate.
The long-awaited sequel to the #1 New York Times best-selling classic Go the Fuck to Sleep.
A cookbook inspired by the food of Ziggy's upbringing in the household of Bob and Rita Marley.
Forthcoming: 9/4/18
This paperback edition of Goldberg's highly acclaimed homage to 1967 includes a new afterword and twenty beautiful and evocative photographs.
Forthcoming: 10/2/18
A passionate and critical analysis of the life cycle of Fame, from film producer/director and former worldwide TV star Justine Bateman.
Forthcoming: 11/6/18
An intimate novella of love and loss wrought from the cultural underground, perfectly expressed in an inventive object that rediscovers the magical possibilities of the book.
Forthcoming: TBA
The first book collecting the transcendent photographs by Grammy Award–winning music icon Omar Rodriguez Lopez.


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Web Designs
Web design is used as a general term to describe any of the various tasks involved in creating a web page. More specifically, it refers to jobs focused on building the front-end … read more
Startup BLVD is an online platform to help corporations drive scalable innovation by connecting them to innovative startups that want to grow. With Startup BLVD, corporations can find innovators faster … read more
Captagram is for fun. You can browse through Instagram on the web, view a photo, and then write a caption on it and share it with your friends. We provided … read more
Research Nation
ResearchNation is a marketplace where people who have mastered any specific subject can sell their knowledge. Financial projections, industry insights, company analytics… these (and plenty more) can already be marketed through … read more
Social Links
At D3velopers, we work on our in-house products as well. One of such product is sociallinks.co When you think about it, the way in which hyperlinking is handled has changed very … read more
We provided a full time dedicated RoR resource to DailySource for their Ruby on rails application in 2010. The mission of DailySource.org is to provide high quality news and information … read more
Chat tool for Assemblahttp://assembla.com
At D3velopers, we won a bounty project from Assembla and created a chat tool for them. On Assembla projects, Just add a Chat tool, and click on the tab to … read more
Any Car Hirehttp://www.anycarhire.com
Anycarhire is an internet based car broker. With over 10 years in the car hire market we have forged relationships with the largest car hire firms throughout the world. Our … read more
At D3velopers, we have developed an in-house product for designers community around the globe to share their web/graphic designs with the community. The basic idea is to get inspiration from … read more
Desi Poke is a facebook application which focuses on user base of South Asia. Its a fun-based application where people can poke their friends, perform activities together and socialize. Currently … read more


text: Fox's Twentieth Television is reviving the game show "Don't Forget the Lyrics" as a cable/first-run syndie series.Half-hour show will air Monday-Friday on VH1 and in first-run on Fox OandOs in the top 10 markets. It will also air weekly on Fox's MyNetworkTV broadcast block. Series, from RDF Media, will be hosted by Mark McGrath. Twentieth crafted a similar cable/firstrun distrib plan for its redo of "Are You Smarter Than a Fifth Grader" last year.


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Page 5 of 7
V. ConferencesThe Election Assistance Commission and NIST will host a symposium to explore emerging trends in voting system technology. The symposium will provide an environment for interactive discussions among the attendees including election officials, voting system manufacturers, voting system test laboratories, standard developers, academics, and Federal, State, and local government officials. The symposium will encourage attendee participation through panel discussions with limited presentations to frame the topics to be explored. When: Feb. 26-28. Where: NIST Administration Building, Gaithersburg, Md. Registration: For more information or to register, click here.
Nonprofit VOTE is hosting a webinar "Get Started with Nonprofit Voter Engagement" that will provide an overview of nonpartisan dos and don'ts, as well as effective tactics for voter registration, voter education, ballot measure advocacy, candidate engagement, and get-out-the-vote efforts. We'll focus on ways to help you integrate outreach into services you already provide. When: Feb. 21 at 2p.m. Where: Online. Registration: For more information or to register, click here.


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Wed, 13 September 2006
Show host Scott Hinze speaks with four professionals that are committed to teaching comic art. In this episode, listeners can hear about the educators' work, their students' curriculum, the pros and cons of teaching comics in an academic setting, as well as students, comics and art today.
Guests of the show include: Mike Mattesi, Director of the
Direct download: fbr_332.mp3
Category:Creator Interviews -- posted at: 11:07am CDT


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Could a Lotto Record Be Broken in Tonight's Draw?
Last Updated: Wednesday 9th December 2015, 08:45 am
Lotto players can set their sights on a fantastic jackpot of £22.6 million in this evening's draw, creating the possibility that a new record may be set for the biggest single winner in the history of the game. It has already been a momentous start to December, with the top prize rolling over more than four times for the first time ever, and the prospect of an incredible giveaway tonight only adds to the excitement as fans rush out to pick up tickets.
The changes made to Lotto in October were designed to give participants more chances to win prizes and generate larger jackpots, leading to the phenomenal amount on offer for anyone who manages to match all six numbers tonight. The current record for the most money won on a single ticket is £22.5 million, which was split by Hastings work colleagues Mark Gardiner and Paul Maddison in 1995. Back in 2004, Belfast resident Iris Jeffery banked £20.1 million to become the biggest individual Lotto winner.
If the jackpot is scooped by a single ticket holder tonight a new high mark will be set, giving the winner the opportunity to fulfil many of their dreams and provide financial security for their family. It would also ensure that they could look forward to a wonderful Christmas, not just this year but every year for the rest of their lives.
The last time the top prize was won was on Saturday 14th November, when one lucky player landed £4.3 million. There have been six rollovers in a row over the past few weeks, following the removal of the previous four-rollover limit, but there have still been some great prizes given away. A single participant matched all five main numbers plus the Bonus Ball in the last draw on Saturday, and you can see all the recent winning numbers and prize breakdowns in the Lotto Results section.
Make sure to enter tonight's game by either buying tickets online or visiting an authorised retailer anywhere in the UK, and then check back on National-Lottery.com after the draw to find out if you have won a prize or possibly even become a record-breaker. Good luck!
£88 Million
Friday 17th August 2018


text: Office Administrator Friday, August 17, 2018 Fall River, Massachusetts Full-Time US$ 50,000 - US$ 65,000 per year This position is for a well rounded office and accounting person. Must be hands on and able to perform all accounting duties, payroll, A/P, A/R. Data entry, and manage a small team of office personnel. Responsibilities: You will oversee customer ... see job description


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A Davie man is facing hate crime charges after an attack on an openly gay man that police said was the bloody conclusion to an ongoing dispute fueled by the victim's sexual orientation.
John William Koontz, 62, was ordered held without bail Tuesday.
He was arrested Monday after police said he walked up to Miguel "Angel" Rodriguez, 46, outside a CVS in the 5200 block of Southwest 34th Street in Davie and repeatedly punched and kicked him while shouting insults.
"I'm gay, that's what I am … and now he uses that against me," Rodriguez said in a telephone interview Tuesday.
Koontz was charged with aggravated battery and a hate crime. To label an assault a hate crime, investigators and prosecutors must prove the victim was targeted because of race, color, sexual orientation or other personal factors. A hate-crime designation is added to other criminal charges, elevates them to felony status and may mean stiffer penalties under Florida law.
According to a Davie police complaint affidavit, Rodriguez works as a security guard for Everglades Mobile Home Park, where both men live.
About 5:30 p.m Monday, Koontz approached Rodriguez as he was entering the pharmacy and made an anti-gay remark to him, the affidavit said.
Koontz then hit Rodriguez in the face, causing him to fall to the ground, according to the affidavit. Koontz then straddled Rodriguez, punched him and kicked him in the face, the Davie police document says.


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Bradley starting center Will Egolf was arrested Monday night on a possession of a controlled substance charge, according to the Peoria (Ill.) Journal Star.
Egolf, a sixth-year senior, was booked into Peoria County Jail overnight.
A drug-related offense is considered a major violation of athletics department rules and carries a minimum suspension of 10 percent of the scheduled games, according to the 2012-13 Bradley Student-Athlete Handbook. However, convictions could mean more severe penalties, including removal from the team.


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recruiting a new number: "video game localization" (Suzhou)
Key Responsibilities:
- Game text polishing: Work closely with our in-house translation and development teams to make our games shine! Copy-edit, re-write and craft new game text for the North American market.
- Localization testing: Problem-solving skills, a high level of initiative, and creativity are definitely required in tackling game testing problems and refining our processes. Innovation and curiosity are rewarded.
- Native English speakers only.
- Bachelor's degree holder.
- Live in beautiful Suzhou!
- Love video games, especially computer games.
- Superior writing/communication skills, organized and detail-oriented.
- Basic Chinese language ability/currently studying Mandarin.
- Readiness to adapt to the Chinese gaming industry.
- A jolly good sense of humor.
Ideal attributes:
- Experience with bug reporting, version control, and localization.
- Experience using Trados or similar localization tools.
- Ability to write bug reports in Chinese.
- Knowledge of scripting languages.
To apply for this position, please write to ( Protected content ) with a cover letter and a resume.
328 Xinghu Road, Building 19, Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province


text:
Delivery and pick-up details
Get it how and when you want it. Preferred scheduling and delivery costs available at checkout.
Delivery Includes
- Prep and assembly of your furniture. Except on "Ready to Assemble" merchandise.
- Professional set-up and placement in your home.
- In-home service for repair or replacement of defective items for one year.
Pick-up Includes
- Free shipping to local stores. Option selected at checkout.
- Convenient pick-up times.
- Ability to designate a friend or family member to pick up for you.
Dimensions: Width: 96'' Height: 120''
This rug's intense yellow color brings sunshine to any space.
Dimensions: Width: 96'' Height: 120''
Why We Love This
This rug's intense yellow color brings sunshine to any space.
More Information
Other Items And Packages In This Collection
$299.99 Basics 5' x 8' Area Rug - Yellow
Product Description Walking on Sunshine. Hand-tufted in India, the truly unique Basics rug in yellow will make a striking statement with its bold color choice. Its style goes back to the basics of providing high-quality, simple one-tone colors, yet adds interest through a space-dyed yarn technique. While this lavish piece can be easily adapted into any setting, it will also serve as a centerpiece to your room with its intense yellow color and high-quality, 100 percent wool fabric that provides comfort beneath your feet. A web-exclusive product. Item is not displayed in store, but may be ordered there.
Dimensions: Width: 96'' Height: 120''
Finish: Yellow
Material: Wool
Unique Features: Space-dyed yarn technique is used to create a unique look.
Material is 100 percent wool and hand-tufted in India.
Vibrant yellow hue adds a splash of color to any home.
Material is 100 percent wool and hand-tufted in India.
Vibrant yellow hue adds a splash of color to any home.
Construction: Hand-tufted construction shows attention to craftsmanship and makes this rug ideal for high-traffic areas.
Cleaning Code: Professional cleaning recommended. Spot clean with warm water. Regular vacuuming recommended.
Fabric Content: 100% wool.


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In what could either be the worst case of getting caught out sharing secrets with people you haven't known long enough to trust, or of schoolboy-level boasting (which will probably be what it's positioned as), Bell Pottinger is in some serious deep water.
The front page of today's Independent shows executives from the lobbying and PR agency telling agents from the Bureau of Investigative Journalism (posing as members of the fake Azimov Group, with interests in the Uzbekistan Government), about its access to the heart of British politics.
The executives say that the agency's "magical" digital reputation management team use "dark arts" to bury bad coverage (known as 'the search industry' to the rest of the world) and influence the public.
The Independent highlights the cacophony of troublesome promises made by Bell Pottinger (which you can read in full here) including the fact that the agency could get the Prime Minister "to pick up the phone in 24 hours".
And that Tim Collins, managing director of Bell Pottinger Public Affairs, recommended a meeting with Daniel Finkelstein, chief leader writer at The Times and a former senior Tory party adviser, who is close to Cameron.
He will sit down and have lunch with just about anybody, That doesn't mean he's going to agree with them, but occasionally something out of that lunch will get dropped into a future column."
Finkelstein has been fighting fires all of the morning on Twitter, saying that "the remarks are utterly untrue and bizarre."
It's bad timing indeed for Bell Pottinger, since Communities Secretary Eric Pickles was quizzed in the Commons after he was revealed to have had dinner at The Savoy, which was paid for by Bell Pottinger, which he failed to disclose.
For those familiar with the PR industry, the only eyebrow-raising issue here is the foolishness with which Bell Pottinger's executives would freely share such information. To the public, perhaps it's more shocking to imagine that a lobbyist could be quite so 'in bed' with the people that run our country.
Personally, I'm in agreement with Dan Fox over on Loose Red that what's most surprising about this debacle is that Bell Pottinger fell for it.
Yes, the use of the phrase 'dark arts' might have suggested that those in the Indy's video might not have been the most au fait with modern search practices or reputation management.
But for them to buy into The Azimov Group being so closely tied to such a government, and being so full of 'investors', then thinking it was normal to have absolutely no digital footprint?
With such a controversial partnership apparently in place, there are human rights bloggers, investigative press and even members of the public who would have at least had something to say. Surely?
Let's look at this recent Wikipedia entry, on the Bell Pottinger page:
How long do you think it will take for the team to "sort" out such negative coverage of its own brand?
All things said, with this news making the front page we're left with another dent in the reputation of the PR industry by proxy. Not just because Bell Pottinger has been buttering up members of an organisation that aims to protect a government so well-known for human rights crimes, but also for the fact that it promises to be able to do things it obviously knows nothing about.
Comments (4)
Nice post Vicky - I agree it's very shocking that they fell for it. The price shocked me too £1Million is a lot of money. Let's hope they take this as a big learning as they have been trending on Twitter all morning.
Aside from the ethics of it all, it also is a great example of why PR firms don't understand SEO (or at least people within PR firms make claims for SEO that cannot be fulfilled).
Among the "magical" digital techniques discussed in The Indy piece appears to be creating fake blogs and comment spam. It also makes no reference to the search volume for the terms they were claiming to manipulate (what's the point in rigging a search result when no one is looking for it in the first place?).
And not that I would condone it, but there are tools out there costing £100 a month that allow you to automate the process of fake blog creation and "spinning" content with a view to trying to fool Google. The client could do it themselves for a lot less than £100K per month. Not that it would work mind.
On another matter: We don't know which particular keyword terms Bell Pottinger were claiming to manipulate results for. According to the paper: "The firm cited past examples of its work, included manipulating Google rankings for an East African money transfer company called Dahabshiil. Bell Pottinger executives said they had ensured that references to a former Dahabshill employee subsequently detained in Guantanamo Bay because of alleged links to al-Qai'da disappeared from the first 10 pages of a Google search for the company."
It doesn't take much to work out that the employee concerned was called "Muhammad Sulayman Barre". Try searching on that name in Google and see what results you get.
Or try searching on "Dahabshiil employee guantanamo".
Is that a managed online reputation?
Great analysis Vikki.
As PR practitioners, there will always be strategies and tactics we discuss with clients, that we obviously want to keep behind closed doors for any number of reasons.
But, what Bell Pottinger have done is downright unethical and gives the PR doubters more reason to see us as manipulative Svengali's and propagandists.
"How long do you think it will take for the team to "sort" out such negative coverage of its own brand?"


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IU Drinking Game
Hey everyone, I'm putting together a drinking game for the game. Here's some ideas I have right now. I ideally want 1-2 events in each category. It has to be short enough to remember without constantly looking at the sheet....
1 Drink
Announcer says "Shoelace"
Michigan gives up a 3rd and long (7yd+)
2 Drinks
Michigan goes for it on fourth down
Denard breaks off a 20yd+ run
5 Drinks
Our defense gets a 3-and-out
Indiana Basketball is mentioned
Finish your drink!
We see Bill Lynch throw his gum (Then shotgun a beer if it's not a replay)
Denard breaks 300, 400, or 500 total yards
Other ideas?


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|22nd August 2008, 01:59 PM
Join Date: Aug 2006
Posts: 29
pwa profile:
"He is twelve-fold PWA Overall World Champion (1988-1999), twelve-fold PWA Race World Champion (1988-1999) and seven-fold PWA Wave World Champion (1990, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1999, 2001). In addition, he won the PWA Freestyle World Championships in 1998 as well as the PWA Speed World Championships in 1994 and has scored more than 100 single PWA World Cup victories."
|22nd August 2008, 02:42 PM
Join Date: Nov 2006
Location: Thailand, France
Posts: 149
If he had no "style", how could he won 7 wave titles - including a victory at the Aloha Classic - in front of people like Naish and Polakow? Not easy to have the "style" when you weight 100kg...
In the case of Bjorn, his titles speak for him, and nobody can argue that he is not one of the 2 best windsurfers ever - it can be discussed if the greatest is Bjorn or Robby, Bjorn has more titles but Robby did not have too much titles available to win at the beginning, both of them dominated 11 years (1976-1987 and 1988-1999)
|22nd August 2008, 05:17 PM
Posts: n/a
Robby has way more style today than Bjorn ever had.
Style is undefinable and will always be a matter of opinion - sure Bjorn can race and looks good doing it.
Comparing across eras - for my Money Bjorn's wave sailing style was never close to your Ciscos, Naish's, Polakows , Kalamas, both Angulos, Pat Redmans, Dave Sheens, Boujmaas , Jaeger Stones, and many more.
Sure - give credit for squeeezing an extra .003% speed out of the back leg on the last slalom leg reach - and being able to handle the pressure of fleet starts and finishes. For wavesailing - bjorn was winning by being mobile and making the moves consistently. It was never done with style - hence the name - the machine.
but For me - style is the essence of the sailor - and where greatness can be found. Josh Stone has it, Kauli's got it - Bjorn doesnt.
|22nd August 2008, 07:32 PM
Posts: n/a
I am not here to discuss my style. I dont think anyone would be interested.
Back on topic:
As a racer - Today - for sure he is the best or close.
As a legend - no argument there - although you have to ask yourself the deeper question- which direction did the sport go as that legend was being written ? - and why?
As an all round sailor that can sail freestyle , waves AND Race - today there are far more complete sailors. Back in the 90s he was the all round best sailor - although its no secret his wavesailing was never pretty to watch.
AS a sailor with style that crew would seek to emulate -that have influenced how the next generation rides - look to Polakows , Naishes abd Ciscos - you rarely (or never) hear Dunkerbeck mentioned as an influence to the next wave of amazing talent coming through.
As a board developer - well recent events have proven there are better out there too. And they are already riding with SB. Probably within their rights to be a bit sore to see their hard work and loyalty sold on to DB. But igues DB has as much right as anyone to buy an Isonic..Great publicity for the SB though - you just cant buy that sort of exposure!
And dont Thommen look silly right now ! -especially when Thommen is all about DB - they have egg on their face - what does that say about the style in which you treat your board sponsor of many years?
|23rd August 2008, 01:29 AM
Join Date: Aug 2006
Posts: 639
From Thommen's most recent comments at his website, it appears that the close relationship that they shared for many years is now over. Understandably, Thommen is a bit stung, but no doubt that Barry Spanier felt similarly when Bjorn chose a different sail designer while at NP, as I'm sure that strong fruitful relationships over time often include a personal dimension too. I don't know if Bjorn's change from NP to North included a similar kind of abandonment for the folks at NP, but seemingly Bjorn isn't bashful about making major changes when it might be in his interest. Really, it must be remembered that windsurfing is Bjorn's job and career, and he's much like many folks out there that make changes in their careers or the companies they work for good reasons.
From Svein's comments, it's my impression that he could certainly find some lift and leverage with Bjorn teaming up with Starboard. I don't know what kind of ripple affect might occur amoung other top team members, but that's a different issue because there is always going to be change in the mix over time. Without question, Svein's decision to bring Antoine into the fold has proven to be quite valuable, and from what all us normal folks can see, Kevin is still strongly behind the brand.
Time will likely tell us a lot more. The thing I really wonder about, if Bjorn does team up with Starboard, is what role(s) would he play overall for the brand? Really, there's much more to it than just the competition and racing side of the picture. Just looking at the situation with Diaz's recent signing with Starboard, there's a lot of complexity and purpose involved. From Diaz's interview (a very good one I might add) he going to be offering some real core strength to the brand that it's tough to duplicate.
|23rd August 2008, 09:56 AM
Join Date: Nov 2006
Location: Thailand, France
Posts: 149
Barry Spanier left NP long time before Bjorn did!
"you rarely (or never) hear Dunkerbeck mentioned as an influence to the next wave of amazing talent coming through"
Fernandez, Ceballos, all the pozo crew, it is not neglectable...
The guy who has the right style is the guy who wins!
|23rd August 2008, 10:18 AM
Posts: n/a
If on SB -i could see value in Bjorn match testing with Antoine on similar shapes - that way you have 2 similar riders (power gorillas) to make some interesting board speed conclusions from. But then again that approach to development has been done to death - perhaps with only marginal gains.
But remember - these guys are very different from the normal sailor in size and strength.
Right now you have AA and KP who are both different style and scale riders - one 80 kg the other 105 kg plus.
|23rd August 2008, 01:56 PM
Join Date: Aug 2006
Posts: 639
I don't know how long that you been around windsurfing, but Spanier was sort of cast off by Bjorn when he suddenly chose to go with a different sail designer (NP's current sail designer). Not that long after, Spanier left NP and moved to Gaastra along with the other key sailors on "The Team" (Phil McGain, Kevin and Matt Pritchard, to include Scott Fenton). As things proved out, Kevin riding Barry's sails and Mike Zajicek's boards (badged as Bics) won the World Cup in 2000, ultimately beating Bjorn and ending his domination of Slalom Racing. Truly, an interesting turn of events overall. But unfortunately for Kevin, the PWA bailed from Slalom after his 2000 win.
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With 100% fewer songs about eating dinner and plenty of brooding and battle sequences, the sneak peek for The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug actually looks pretty good. At three minutes and change, this trailer offers our most comprehensive look at the hotly anticipated Hobbit sequel. Set to come out on December 13th, the epic journey will take us into the heart of the Lonely Mountain, have our heroes captured by wood elves in the Mirkwood, and continue to spark brain-numbing debates on the merits of 48 FPS versus 24 FPS.
Benedict Cumberbatch cuts an imposing figure as Smaug — well, his voice does at least — and this trailer has me a fair sight more excited for the sequel, especially after my thoroughly disappointing experience with the first Hobbit film. I may have been alone in that sentiment, thoughm, because today also saw a The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug live fan event that featured exclusive new footage and a live Q&A hosted by Anderson Cooper with director Peter Jackson and cast members Evangeline Lilly, Orlando Bloom, Lee Pace, Richard Armitage, and Andy Serkis. The event has come and gone, but you can relive the magic in this video archive below. Go to 21:00 for a new video blog with outtakes and 52:45 for an extended scene.
Not too shabby, huh? Plus it looks like we'll be seeing a little bit of Legolas too, so maybe he'll be able to answer the burning question of "What the hell happened to Will Turner anyway?" What's that? Wrong franchise? Okay, my bad, you guys. Scratch that last bit – just let us know what you think of the trailer in the comments below or tell me your Will Turner-is-a-secret-Nazgul theories on Twitter.


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when someone is to give a 'one bat' they hit someone with the back of their hand really hard.
A ruthless smack on the face.
A ruthless smack on the face.
in eastenders when Ronnie gives Janine the 'one bat' and falls to the ground in one hit.
by Duno Qwarmz what u sayin! July 29, 2010
buy the domain for your art vlog


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Being invited by a friend, I went to see Pageant of Our Lord at Rolling Hills Covenant Church. It was a powerful inspiring show of a human size replication of Biblical famous art with human manikins, choirs, full orchestras, and narrations.
I was very moved, and appreciated all presentations, but especially one of music peace called, " Via Dolorosa" impressed me so much that all night long even after I got home, I listened to it from Youtube over and over meditating about Jesus. The pageant, the song, and many memories of Israel I visited last year made me feel Jesus' Love so deeply that my heart ached.
No other gods but Jesus is the only one, who chose to suffer and die for me taking away my Sin. He, His father, and Holy Spirit are my beloved God. If I have Jesus, I don't need anything else. I love Him very much!
Down the Via Dolorosa in Jerusalem that day
The soldiers tried to clear the narrow street
But the crowd pressed in to see
A Man condemned to die on Calvary
He was bleeding from a beating, there were stripes upon His back
And He wore a crown of thorns upon His head
And He bore with every step
The scorn of those who cried out for His death
Down the Via Dolorosa called the way of suffering
Like a lamb came the Messiah, Christ the King,
But He chose to walk that road out of His love for you and me.
Down the Via Dolorosa, all the way to Calvary.


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March 01, 2013
For Immediate Release: March 1, 2013
Media Contacts: Sally Cohen, 585-749-1795, email@example.com, @PR4Arts
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America's best-loved composers, patriotic favorites & fireworks
Rochester, NY – On Wednesday, July 3 at 8 p.m., the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra (RPO) returns to the Constellation Brands-Marvin Sands Performing Arts Center (CMAC) near Canandaigua, NY, for Celebrate America with the RPO. The concert of crowd-pleasing favorites features the perennial Independence Day classics, Stars and Stripes Forever and the 1812 Overture, along with iconic music by several of America's best-loved composers, including John Williams, Aaron Copland, George Gershwin and John Philip Sousa. The evening culminates with a spectacular fireworks display over the picturesque CMAC lawn.
"We're glad to be back at CMAC this summer with a family-friendly program of patriotic favorites and other American classics," says RPO President and CEO Charles Owens. "It's a great way to kick off the Fourth of July holiday."
Tickets for Celebrate America with the RPO range from just $15 for lawn seats (admission on the lawn is free for children under 12) to $50, and are available at ticketmaster.com or 800-745-3000, at CMACevents.com, and at the Blue Cross Arena Box Office (One War Memorial Square or 585-758-5330).
The Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra has been committed to enriching and inspiring our community through the art of music since its founding in 1922. The RPO presents up to 150 concerts a year, serving nearly 200,000 people through ticketed events, education and community engagement activities, and concerts in schools and community centers throughout the region. Notable former music directors include Eugene Goossens, José Iturbi, Erich Leinsdorf, David Zinman, and Conductor Laureate Christopher Seaman; Principal Pops Conductor Jeff Tyzik has earned a national reputation for excellence in pops programming during his 19-year tenure with the RPO. With Michael Butterman as Principal Conductor for Education and Outreach (The Louise and Henry Epstein Family Chair) – the first position of its kind in the country – the RPO reaches over 12,000 children through its specific programs for school-aged children.
Media please note: High-resolution images are available upon request.
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The Senate approved (89-8) The American Taxpayer Relief Act (H.R. 8) and the House, after a day of intense internal debate, followed suit (257-167).
The legislation includes a provision to extend most of the provisions of current farm law for '13. However, a number of programs that expired in '11 and '12 were not extended and new dairy policy was not included as a result of objections by Speaker Boehner (R-Ohio).
House Agriculture Committee Chairman Lucas (R-Okla.) said a nine-month extension of most farm programs is the best way to avoid a spike in milk prices and preserve the agriculture safety net while dealing with the fiscal cliff.
However, the extension does not apply to some programs that expired in '11 and '12. The agriculture provisions of H.R. 8 are not fully consistent with an agreement that the leaders of the House and Senate Agriculture committees announced earlier, which included the extension of certain expiring conservation programs, disaster assistance and a new dairy policy that was included in the legislation previously approved by the full Senate and the House Agriculture committee.
H.R. 8 would make permanent the current $5 million per spouse exemption, indexed for inflation, for the estate tax, but raise the top rate to 40% from 35%. It also makes permanent a '10 provision extending a portability law that allows a spouse to transfer his or her estate tax exemption to a surviving spouse.
Nearly half—$1.8 trillion—of the $3.9 trillion cost of the plan is accounted for by making permanent the patch that keeps the alternative minimum tax from affecting more than 4 million taxpayers. Under the agreement, taxpayers who earn below the $400,000/$450,000 thresholds would continue to have capital gains and dividends taxed at 15% but it would rise to 20% for those with incomes above those limits. The high earners actually will see their rate rise to 23.8% because of an additional 3.8% investment tax included in the '10 health care law.
The legislation includes a number of tax extenders that business interests have supported including the research and development tax credit covering tax years '12 and '13. It also includes a two-month delay in the automatic spending cuts, also known as sequestration, setting up another "cliff" in early March when sequestration becomes effective.
Another "cliff" is anticipated in late March because the FY13 Continuing Resolution that funds government agencies and programs is set to expire on March 29. In the meantime, the new Congress and the Administration will have to begin negotiations immediately on raising the US debt limit which, according to Treasury, was reached on Dec. 31.
The text of H.R. 8 is available on the NCC's website at www.cotton.org/issues/2013/upload/American-Taxpayer-Relief-Act.pdf.
Key provisions of the farm bill extension
· Suspension of permanent law and the extension of most provisions of current farm policy based on what was in effect on Sept. 30, '12;
· Direct payments, marketing assistance loans and the counter-cyclical program will continue to be available for '13 crops on the same basis as the '12 crops;
· Market Access Program (MAP) and Foreign Market Development (FMD) are re-authorized at '12 levels. MAP is mandatory funding but FMD is subject to appropriations;
· The 37 programs which expired in '11 or '12 and subsequently lost their baseline are not funded. These include the SURE program and Wetlands Reserve Program;
· The MILC program is extended;
· The Conservation Reserve Program enrollment cap is maintained at 32 million acres; and
· Authorization of selected disaster assistance programs which are subject to appropriations: $80 million for livestock indemnity payments; $400 million for the livestock forage disaster program; $50 million for emergency assistance for livestock, honey bees, and farm-raised fish; and $20 million for trees assistance.


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