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Beyond trendy names like Tesla and Alphabet chasing self-driving cars, a host of auto brands and other tech heavyweights are also investing heavily in autonomous R&D.
Private companies working in auto tech are attracting record levels of deals and funding, with autonomous driving startups leading the charge. Besides early-stage startups, VCs, and other investors, large companies are also eagerly chasing a slice of the self-driving pie.
Using CB Insights' investment, acquisition, and partnership data, we identified 44 companies developing roadgoing self-driving vehicles. They are a diverse group of players, ranging from automotive industry stalwarts to leading technology brands and telecommunications companies.
This list is organized alphabetically and focuses on larger corporate players in the space (as opposed to earlier-stage startups). Companies working on industrial autonomous vehicles were not included in this analysis.
A few of the companies or brands listed below belong to the same parent organization, but are detailed separately if they are operating distinct autonomous development programs. Some companies are also grouped together by key partnerships or alliances; given the complex web of relationships between these players, other collaborations are also noted in each profile.
This brief was originally published on 9/25/2015 with 25 select corporations. As of 5/17/2017, it has been expanded to 44 select corporations and updated to reflect recent developments. This list is not intended to be exhaustive of corporations in the space.
Apple Plays Catch-Up
Apple's "Project Titan" has been a perennial favorite within the automotive rumor mill. Initial reports suggested the project was targeting an advanced electric vehicle, but the initiative suffered setbacks in early 2016, with the departure of project head Steve Zadesky and a rumored hiring freeze, as well as strategic uncertainty over the vision of the project.
Cupertino responded in July 2016 by tapping its legendary hardware executive Bob Mansfield to lead its effort, as well as hiring the founder and former CEO of QNX. The hires were linked to a shift in strategy, with the project said to be prioritizing the development of an autonomous driving system, while deprioritizing an electric vehicle car itself. In April 2017, details emerged confirming this pivot, with Apple documents detailing an "automated system" and the company hiring robotics experts from NASA.
Apple's vehicular patent activity has also started to pick up steam; CB Insights subscribers can view the company's vehicle-related patents here.
Read More: The Guardian, Reuters, Bloomberg, The Guardian, Wall Street Journal
Audi Creates Autonomous Driving Subsidiary
Audi has revealed several autonomous vehicle prototypes derived from their A7- and RS7 models, including consumer-oriented test vehicles. Late in July 2016, news broke that Audi was joining many automotive peers with its own advanced subsidiary named SDS Company, focusing on self-driving tech. April 2017 reports indicate that Audi has hired a former Tesla Autopilot program manager as the unit's CTO.
Audi plans to commercialize its technology in its next-generation A8 flagship, although the vehicle's SAE Level 3 (conditional) automation will have limited availability pending regulatory approvals. The luxury brand operates under the umbrella of the Volkswagen Group, so developments within the division could have broader implications going forward.
Audi is part of the German consortium — including Daimler and BMW — that bought Nokia's HERE precision mapping assets for $3.1B. HERE has also recently made strides in their initiative to design an open specification for vehicle sensor data collected and transmitted by connected vehicles.
Read More: Audi, Wired, Digital Trends, USA Today
Autoliv and Volvo Cars Establish Zenuity
The Geely-owned Volvo car brand has also made progress with self-driving passenger vehicles. With a reputation for safety innovations, Volvo labeled its autonomous vehicle endeavors "Intellisafe," with the goal of making Volvo cars "deathless" when the company fully rolls out these features to the public. For now, Volvo is planning to give 100 Swedish customers early-access to an autonomous XC90 SUV in 2017 (with restrictions on the area, time, and context in which autonomous mode will be used).
The company has stated that it will accept full liability when its vehicles are in autonomous mode, and has announced plans to expand its pilot program to China and the United States. Volvo has followed rivals like BMW in setting 2021 as a target deployment date.
After searching for collaborators to work with, Volvo announced a self-driving joint venture with Swedish supplier Autoliv in January 2017. Dubbed Zenuity, the joint venture is aiming to commercialize its first driver assist systems by 2019, also making them available to other automakers.
Note: Volvo Cars is now distinct from the independent Volvo Group brand, which focuses on heavy-duty commercial trucks, buses, and equipment.
Read More: Volvo, Wired, IB Times
Baidu Plans Autonomous Car Spinoff, Mass Production
In April 2014, the Chinese search giant Baidu partnered with BMW to release a semi-autonomous prototype by the end of 2015. The partners tested their technologies on highways in China, a potentially fertile ground for autonomous development, but parted ways in November 2016 after disagreements on strategy.
In June 2016, Baidu CEO Robin Li disclosed a five-year goal for the mass production of driverless vehicles. The search giant has opened a Silicon Valley AI research lab, although Andrew Ng (its chief AI scientist) departed the company in March 2017. Baidu also intends to spin off its self-driving unit once it matures sufficiently (akin to Alphabet's Waymo).
BMW-Intel-Mobileye Alliance Forges Ahead; Intel Buys Mobileye
BMW has begun aggressively pushing its autonomous strategy, showing off an autonomous i8 concept at CES 2016 and announcing a formal initiative to promote automation in its vehicles under the banner BMW iNEXT, a pivot of its BMW i EV sub-brand.
The Munich-based automaker followed this announcement by securing an alliance with Intel and Mobileye. The coalition plans to create an open standards-based platform for bringing self-driving cars to market, aiming to put vehicles on the road by 2021.
Intel, of course, has been keen to push into the sector, having been beaten to the punch by companies like NXP and Nvidia to supply automotive silicon and autonomous processing power. In late 2016, it created a new Autonomous Driving Group (ADG) and committed $250M to auto tech investments through its Intel Capital arm. In March 2017, the chipmaker ratcheted its catch-up strategy to a new level by announcing a $15.3B acquisition of Mobileye, a deal expected to close in roughly nine months.
Mobileye itself has a number of other partnerships through its Road Experience Management (REM) mapping platform, including Nissan and VW as well as BMW.
BMW is also part of the group that bought Nokia's HERE mapping assets for $3.1B. Intel has recently taken a 15% stake in HERE as well.
Bosch, Mercedes Join Forces
Bosch, one of the world's largest automotive suppliers, has responded to an increase in demand by dedicating more than 2,000 engineers to driver-assistance systems. The company is also partnering with GPS maker TomTom for the mapping data necessary for this endeavor. The company has projected that self-driving cars will be in action by 2020, at least on highways. In an April 2016 interview, a Bosch marketing director reiterated the company's commitment to autonomous, connected, and electric vehicles.
Mercedes has also been taking other steps toward self-driving cars. Like other luxury marques, Mercedes has begun deploying semi-automated advanced driver assistance systems to many of its newer models. An ad characterizing its 2017 E-Class as "self-driving" landed the company in hot water, as the company pulled the ad in the face of fierce criticism from consumer advocates. Like Tesla's Autopilot, the E-Class was capable of Level 2 (partial) automation.
Since April 2017, the two companies have joined forces to develop Level 4 (high automation) and 5 (full automation) vehicles, with Mercedes having two years of exclusivity on the co-developed system before it can be offered to competing automakers.
Mercedes-Benz is a brand of Daimler AG. We've examined how its parent company has become highly active in private markets as of late.
Read More: Forbes, Fortune, Wired
Continental AG Taking Incremental Approach
Continental AG, the longtime German auto supplier, has steadily been operating its own autonomous vehicle program. The company has been taking a gradual approach to self-driving cars, only committing to a vague "2020s" timeframe for its products, and preferring to gradually roll out driver-assist technologies such as its "Cruising Chauffer."
In April 2017, Continental expanded its Silicon Valley research operations by opening an R&D lab in San Jose, California. The lab will focus on developing self-driving cars that can communicate with one another as well as with roadway infrastructure. Continental also said it would invest $300M to expand electric and hybrid vehicle technologies.
DAF, Daimler, Iveco, MAN, Scania, and Volvo Complete Truck 'Platooning' Trip
In April 2016, six convoys of truck "platoons" completed the first-ever cross-border run of its kind. The experiment featured a dozen trucks from a diverse group of European brands, originating from various factories and converging in Rotterdam.
Within the semi-autonomous "platooning" concept, multiple trucks controlled by a lead truck are connected through wireless signals, forming a train with one truck following behind another. This allows more trucks to be controlled by fewer people, maximizes efficiency, and decreases drag. However, the trucks featured in the test still required human drivers on board as a precaution. Separately, Daimler has also been testing its own autonomous trucks in Nevada since May 2015.
Note: the Volkswagen Group owns a controlling stake in both MAN and Scania. Daimler Trucks is a division of Daimler AG, which was also part of the group that bought Nokia's mapping assets for $3.1B. Volvo Trucks is now a distinct company from the Geely-owned Volvo Car Group mentioned above.
Delphi Also Partnering With BMW-Intel-Mobileye
Delphi, a large automotive parts supplier headquartered in the UK, has created a network of software and sensors that can be outfitted into existing car models to make them autonomous. The company followed a 2015 cross-US autonomous drive by showing off an autonomous driving concept at CES 2016. The concept's human-machine interface attempts to address the stepping-stone stage before full (or Level 5) automation is ready, encouraging consumers to trust that the car will keep drivers vigilant so they can take the wheel if necessary.
Delphi was also selected by the Singapore's Land Transit Authority to begin an automated mobility pilot program in the city-state; it has also planned robotaxi pilots for the US and Europe. The company has partnered with the VC-backed unicorn Quanergy to develop and deploy solid-state LiDAR, which could dramatically lower the cost of these systems if successful (other startups are also working on improved sensing and vision solutions).
Most recently, reports in August 2016 indicated that the supplier would partner with Mobileye to develop a less LiDAR-reliant autonomous driving system that automakers could purchase beginning in 2019. Intel joined the collaboration in December 2016 (before its acquisition of Mobileye itself), and the BMW-Intel-Mobileye trio added Delphi as an integration partner in May 2017.
Read More: Arstechnica, Delphi
Didi Chuxing Hires Uber, Waymo Engineers For AI Lab
After absorbing Uber's China unit, the ride-hailing giant Didi Chuxing is now following its US counterpart into self-driving research. In March 2017, Didi opened its own artificial intelligence lab in the heart of Silicon Valley, creating a distinct unit to drive its R&D for intelligent driving systems and AI-based security for transportation.
Didi Chuxing has already poached a number of noteworthy engineers for its new lab, including Charlie Miller (formerly of Uber's autonomous vehicle security unit) and Jia Zhaoyin, a senior software engineer at Alphabet's Waymo unit. It is also one of several companies to partner with Udacity to hire graduates from the startup's self-driving "nanodegree" program.
Read More: Bloomberg
Ford Tapping Private Markets For Self-Driving, AI Capabilities
In early 2015, Ford announced its "Smart Mobility Plan" to move the company forward on innovation, including vehicle connectivity and autonomous vehicles. This plan culminated in the formation of Ford Smart Mobility LLC in March 2016, a new subsidiary focused on connectivity, autonomous vehicles, and mobility (e.g. car- and ride-sharing services). As part of its 10-year autonomous vehicle plan, Ford also announced that it would triple its test fleet to 30 total vehicles in January. It has pioneered the testing of self-driving cars in less friendly environments, such as snowy Michigan, as well as in complete darkness. The company plans to roll out highly autonomous vehicles within pre-mapped, geofenced areas by 2021.
The company has aggressively pursued external investment and acquisition opportunities since the latter half of 2016, backing or acquiring companies working in AI, LiDAR, and mapping. Its biggest move yet came in February 2017, when Ford announced that it would take a majority stake in AI startup Argo, investing $1B over the course of 5 years. Argo will operate with significant autonomy, becoming a de facto AI research (and recruiting) center for Ford.
Read More: Ford, Business Insider, Forbes
GM, Lyft Aim To Deploy Thousands Of Self-Driving Test Cars In 2018
General Motors made waves in 2016 with a series of aggressive moves within the tech sphere. In January, the company bought up Sidecar's assets and invested $500M into Lyft, and March saw GM's acquisition of autonomous tech startup Cruise Automation. These deals have already borne fruit, with Cruise prototypes following Google in expanding their testing regimen to Arizona, and Cruise beginning to release a series of public videos of its drive system in action. GM and Lyft are prepping a dramatic testing ramp, planning to deploy thousands of self-driving Bolts beginning in 2018.
However, despite GM's investment and deepening partnership, the relationship is not exclusive, with Lyft and Waymo inking a separate deal in May 2017 to collaborate on their own self-driving pilot projects.
Separately, GM has also been developing its own semi-autonomous technology in-house, with its delayed Super Cruise finally slated for launch in the 2018 Cadillac CT6. The company has also detailed plans to hire 700 engineers focused on autonomous R&D. The company is also actively experimenting with new go-to-market models in its Maven Reserve and Cadillac Book subscription concepts.
Read More: The Verge, Bloomberg
Honda Also Testing Autonomous Cars, Offers Semi-Autonomous Features On Civic
Honda has received approval from California to test autonomous vehicles on public streets (with restrictions on the number of vehicles and the testing methods). Like Apple, the automaker is also using the GoMentum Station proving ground, with 2,100 acres of testing area for its self-driving fleet. Honda also introduced semi-autonomous ADAS (advanced-driver assistance systems) options on its entry-level Civic, offering lane-keeping, automatic braking, and adaptive cruise control functionality. These features have become ubiquitous on luxury models offered by brands like Tesla, Mercedes, and so on, but are increasingly common at mass-market price points.
In December 2016, Honda was reported to be in talks with Alphabet's Waymo to deploy the tech giant's self-driving system, although no public announcement has been issued as of May 2017. However, in April 2017 the company launched its R&D Center X, following Japanese competitor Toyota in establishing a dedicated AI research lab.
Read More: Re/code, San Francisco Business Times, Engadget, Honda Press Release
Huawei Autonomous R&D Team Tops 200
Chinese telecommunication giant Huawei has shifted resources toward the development of autonomous vehicles. Recently, the company came out with a white paper detailing the ways in which mobile network operators could prove to be valuable to the connected cars space. Some of these areas include smart parking, fleet management, data related to in-car entertainment, LTE-based emergency services, and more. Reports also indicate that the company has assembled its own driverless car R&D team, with over 200 developers as of February 2017.
Huawei partnered with Vodafone to demonstrate some of their latest innovations at the 2017 Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, including cellular technology used to connect cars called Cellular V2X (C-V2X).
Read More: ComputerWeekly, RCRWirelessNews
Hyundai aims for affordable self-driving system
After debuting a 2014 TV commercial that showed a convoy of cars outfitted with Hyundai's driver-assistance tech, Hyundai sounded a more conservative note in September 2015. Its European head Thomas Schmid asserted that autonomous driving would come "by far not as quick as everyone says," giving a timetable of 10 to 15 years. Nevertheless, the Korean motor group intensified its efforts in 2016, ramping up investments in AI and setting up a new business unit to develop "hyper-connected" and self-driving cars in the near future.
Much like its automotive philosophy as a whole, Hyundai is striving for an affordable system that it can offer to mass-market buyers, showing off its Ioniq autonomous concept at CES 2017. The automaker also hired the former head of GM's autonomous technology development to run its new Intelligent Safety Technology Center, a combined research body for Hyundai and its affiliate Kia.
Read More: Hyundai
Jaguar Land Rover Wants To Introduce Assisted Driving But Keep Driving Fun
In June 2015, JLR Director of Research and Technology Wolfgang Epple stated that autonomous vehicles would run counter to the brand's philosophy, as the company "doesn't consider its customers as cargo." He asserted that the Tata-owned companies would instead favor advanced assistance features that would help drivers without taking full control from them. However, in February 2016, JLR joined a $7.9M UK program to further autonomous driving R&D, aiming to gather data on driving habits and test vehicle communications technology.
In July 2016, JLR formalized plans to deploy a fleet of at least 100 research vehicles over the next four years to test self-driving and connected car technology on roadways in Britain.
Read More: Autonews
Magna Also Pursues LiDAR, Autonomous Tech
The Canadian auto supplier giant has long been the subject of self-driving interest as the world's largest automotive contract manufacturer. The company is often dubbed the "Foxconn of cars" in an autonomous world, manufacturing vehicles designed by tech companies like Apple and Waymo.
However, the company is already supplying legacy automakers with capabilities for ADAS applications. Towards the close of 2016, Magna teamed with solid-state LiDAR startup Innoviz to round out the sensor package for its self-driving system. The supplier has also tapped iPod visionary and Nest co-founder Tony Fadell for its tech advisory committee.
Read More: Bloomberg
Microsoft Pursues Collaborative Strategy With Automakers
Microsoft has begun to dip its toes into self-driving car research, though much later to the game and less directly than other tech giants. Its initial strategy appears to focus on collaborations, such as a November 2015 deal with Volvo that will see the companies collaborating in autonomous vehicle R&D and leveraging Microsoft's HoloLens technology.
Recently in March 2016, Microsoft and Toyota also announced the expansion of their five-year-old partnership to support Toyota's research in robotics, AI, and self-driving car development (see Toyota's other partnerships below). As of June 2016, the company's strategy remains focused on providing automakers with this type of technological assistance, as opposed to developing a car themselves. Business from auto clients is now driving strong growth in Microsoft's Azure cloud business.
Microsoft has also reportedly weighed taking a stake in the HERE high-definition mapping service, currently owned by BMW, Daimler, and Volkswagen.
Nissan/Renault Promises 'Significant Autonomous Functionality' By 2020
At April's New York Auto Show, Chairman and CEO of Nissan and Renault Carlos Ghosn promised that the group would have 10 vehicles on sale by 2020 with "significant autonomous functionality." Nissan unveiled its first public prototype in 2013 at the Nissan 360 event in California, and has since been testing an autonomous Nissan LEAF on the roads of Tokyo. Nissan and Toyota also announced a joint effort to develop standardized "intelligent" maps, perhaps in response to German automakers' acquisition of the mapping company HERE.
Nissan expanded the scope of its projects in 2016, with plans to test single-lane autonomous driving in Japan, as well as a wider range of experiments from its Future Lab mobility research center. Most recently, in April 2017 Nissan joined Mobileye's crowdsourced autonomous vehicle mapping effort. (Mobileye also powers Nissan's planned ProPilot system, which resembles Tesla's Autopilot.)
Read More: Nissan, IB Times, Re/code
Nvidia, Paccar Working On Autonomous Trucks
At CES 2016, GPU and semiconductor company Nvidia unveiled the Nvidia Drive PX 2, the second generation of its computing platform expressly designed for autonomous cars. Packing 8 teraflops of processing power, the platform was oriented towards deep learning, sensor fusion, and computer vision applications — all key elements of a potential self-driving car.
Since then, Nvidia has been rewarded for its early bet with an impressive list of automaker, supplier, and tech partners, from Baidu and Tesla to Bosch and Toyota. The company's upcoming Xavier system-on-a-chip, built on its new Volta architecture, promises further improved processing power and efficiency.
Of note is Nvidia's partnership with truckmaker PACCAR to develop self-driving trucks, unveiled in March 2017. Nvidia CEO Jen-Hsun Huang has asserted that the "Amazon effect" of autonomy in logistics and transport will be a major opportunity for the company.
Investor optimism surrounding Nvidia's early commitments to machine learning and AI processing hardware has sent its share price rocketing up since early 2016.
Read More: Nvidia
Samsung Enters The Driverless Race
The Korean tech giant secured a May 2017 permit from South Korea's transport ministry to begin testing self-driving cars on the nation's public roads. Samsung's self-driving cars are based on Hyundai vehicles equipped with cameras and sensors. In March 2017, the company also completed its $8B purchase of Harman, a leading supplier of in-car technology and connected vehicle systems. Samsung is already planning to leverage its new acquisition to shape the in-vehicle experience for self-driving cars.
Read More: Forbes
SoftBank Group's SB Drive Venture Pushes Forward
SoftBank Group's SB Drive, an autonomous vehicle joint venture between the Japan-based giant and research company Advanced Smart Mobility, received a $4.4M investment from Yahoo Japan in March 2017. SB Drive focuses on advancing self-driving technology, especially related to public and community services such as buses, as well as trucking.
Specifically, SB Drive is conducting trials and testing the commercial viability of fixed-route buses for community public transportation, as well as truck convoy-based freight transportation utilizing self-driving technology. SB Drive has smart mobility partnership agreements with four municipalities in Japan, including Kitakyushu City and Yazu Town in Tottori Prefecture. The joint venture plans to commence self-driving trials on public roads.
Read More: Deal Street Asia, TechCrunch, VentureBeat
PSA Groupe Finds Startup Partner
In April 2016, French PSA Groupe (including Peugeot, Citroën and DS) announced that two Citroën cars had driven "eyes off" from Paris to Amsterdam. The vehicles navigated over 300 km (186 miles) without supervision on "authorized stretches" of road, with PSA claiming the cars had achieved Level 3 Automation in this mode. The "eyes off" mode is slated to arrive by 2021, while semi-autonomous "hands off" modes will be available by 2020. These features, along with electric vehicles and new models, form the core of PSA's broader "Push to Pass" growth strategy (including a return to the US).
In May 2017, Peugot announced a partnership with the MIT self-driving spinoff nuTonomy to install the startup's self-driving systems in Peugot 3008 vehicles. The automaker aims to use the collaboration to learn about autonomous driving components and suppliers.
Read More: PSA Groupe
Tata Elixsi Showcases Valet System And Focuses On Autonomous Vehicle Security
Tata Elixsi, a division of the TATA group, showcased technology in January 2015 for an autonomous parking valet, in which the car understands where open spots are and uses sensors to park itself. While it's unclear when these features will be rolled out to Tata Elixsi's lineup, the company has made it clear that it is moving towards autonomous vehicles. It is also putting a priority on security, designing a central unit in the car with extensive security measures that govern internal and external automotive communication.
Tesla Asserts New Autopilot Hardware Enables "Full Self-Driving"
In the public eye, EV manufacturer Tesla has become a leading banner-carrier for advanced driver assistance and self-driving technology. CEO Elon Musk is particularly bullish on the field, believing the technology behind fully autonomous vehicles is only "two to three years away," with another "one to five years" needed for regulatory approvals. Tesla pushed its "Autopilot" software update to properly equipped Model S vehicles in October 2015, enabling auto steering, lane changing, and parking features. Tesla's deployment strategy and messaging were criticized following a series of crashes and its first Autopilot-driven fatality in summer 2016, although the NHTSA's official report was favorable towards Autopilot and did not find a safety defect.
Since the accident, Tesla and Mobileye severed ties, with the California automaker seeking to consolidate control over the development of its radar- and camera-based system (eschewing costly LiDAR sensors). Telsa promises to bring semi-autonomous and autonomous features to the mass market with its much-hyped Model 3, which has attracted over 400,000 pre-orders (although the company's ability to scale its manufacturing volume remains uncertain). According to Travis Kalanick, Tesla has also rebuffed a partnership with Uber to collaborate on self-driving vehicles.
Since October 2016, all Tesla vehicles have been built with Autopilot Hardware 2, a sensor and computing package the company says will enable "full self-driving" capabilities once its software matures. The system has traded Mobileye's EyeQ3 for Nvidia's Drive PX 2 platform, and requires an activation fee to unlock the full autonomy promised. Users reported poor performance during the initial rollout of Autopilot 2.0 software, although the system has improved with subsequent updates.
In typical fashion, Elon Musk has promised an aggressive timeline for full self-driving capability, with the feature slated for release by the end of 2017. The company has updated its data gathering policy, now gathering videos using customers' vehicle cameras to feed its new system. Tesla's self-driving user agreement also stipulates that owners will only be permitted to share their vehicles for revenue purposes on the upcoming Tesla Network.
Separately, the automaker's proposed acquisition of SolarCity (helmed by Musk's cousins) factors heavily into the Musk's "master plan" of creating an entire sustainable transport ecosystem.
Read More: Nikkei, Forbes, Wired
Toyota Develops "Guardian Angel" Approach To Autonomy
Toyota has notably reversed from its 2014 claims that it would not develop a driverless car on safety grounds. In 2015, it announced a $1B budget for autonomous driving research, establishing its advanced Toyota Research Institute (TRI) headed by Gill Pratt. Toyota has also hired professors and researchers from Stanford University, MIT, and the entire staff of the autonomous vehicle company Jaybridge Robotics. Just this April, it also announced its third US university partnership with an automotive engineering stalwart, the University of Michigan.
Toyota plans to divide labor among its research partners, with the University of Michigan campus responsible for fully autonomous cars, Stanford working on partially autonomous vehicles, and MIT working on machine learning. Toyota doubled down on its university efforts in August 2016, with a further $22M investment to the University of Michigan to drive robotics and self-driving research. The company has targeted 2021 as a goal for deploying "AI car features" to the road.
TRI CEO Gill Pratt has been a vocal proponent of a "guardian angel" system, where the vehicle would monitor a driver's inputs and intervene only when a human is about to make a dangerous mistake. TRI is also researching a second system (dubbed Chauffeur) targeted towards traditional Level 4 and 5 autonomy, which would be deployed after Guardian. The institute showcased its latest autonomous research platform in March 2017.
Read More: Wired, Techcrunch
Uber Program Bogged Down In Legal, Cultural Issues
Uber CEO Travis Kalanick is a noted champion of his ride-sharing company embracing autonomous cars, with the technology representing both an existential threat and an opportunity for the startup to validate its stratospheric valuation. The company has made several moves in that direction, such as poaching nearly the entire Carnegie Mellon Robotics Lab (40 engineers) to work on the project in Pittsburgh. Uber has also partnered with the University of Arizona to develop better mapping and optical safety technology. In 2015, the company acquired both mapping startup deCarta and mapping assets from Microsoft, which could be leveraged to drive autonomous vehicle efforts, among other initiatives. However, Kalanick's overtures to Tesla for a self-driving partnership were rebuffed in 2016.
In May 2016, Uber revealed its in-house autonomous prototypes for the first time, showing off retrofitted Ford Fusions from its Advanced Technologies Center (now Advanced Technologies Group). The company acquired self-driving truck startup Otto later in the year. Otto was co-founded by a group of ex-Googlers including Google car veteran Anthony Levandowski, who Uber tapped as the head of its self-driving project.
The acquisition has now embroiled Uber in the self-driving complex's biggest legal controversy to date, with Waymo alleging that Levandowski stole confidential files relating to its proprietary LiDAR sensors. As of May 2017, Levandowski has been barred from further work on LiDAR technology as the case proceeds to trial (although a federal judge stopped short of issuing a temporary injunction against Uber's program).
Besides the Otto lawsuit, the company has also faced waves of negative press on sexual harassment and poor culture, in addition to deceiving authorities and ignoring autonomous testing regulations. The company has suffered from a subsequent exodus of both engineering and non-engineering talent.
Read More: New York Times, The Verge
Valeo Shows Off Autonomous Driving Tech At CES 2017
Like many other suppliers, Valeo has been working on its own ADAS and self-driving systems, with the company's innovation chief tapping autonomous driving as Valeo's main growth driver by 2020. The auto supplier showed off its eCruise4U automated concept at CES 2017, equipped with connected camera and laser sensors as well as a reconfigurable cockpit.
The company's quarterly sales rose 22% in the first quarter of 2017, partly driven by the company's push in ADAS technology alongside partner Mobileye. The two have an agreement dating back to 2015 to build an affordable robocar, combining Mobileye's camera vision expertise with Valeo's LiDAR units.
Read More: Spectrum IEEE
Volkswagen Pushes Autonomous Research As It Tries To Move Past Emissions Scandal
In 2015, Volkswagen revealed the V-Charge project, where a Volkswagen e-Golf equipped with sensors, 3D maps, etc. will find open parking spaces in a garage and park without human input. The company suggests that there will be a prototype for demonstration available within four years. Besides this, in March 2016 VW Group CEO Matthias Muller announced that the board had just signed off on a huge autonomous driving initiative, boldly claiming that their goal was to "[bring] these technologies to market faster than the competition." The Group's head of digitalization asserts that self-driving cars will be "commonplace" by 2025.
The auto giant unveiled its new Moia brand towards the close of 2016, joining other automakers in creating a unit dedicated to new mobility services including fleet-based shuttles and autonomous on-demand transportation. Shortly thereafter, the company unveiled its "Sedric" concept, a shuttle-like vehicle designed for ride-hailing applications.
Read More: Digital Trends, V-Charge, Reuters
Waymo (Alphabet) Readying FCA Vehicles For Public Trial In Arizona
The Google Self-Driving Car Project has been one of the most iconic and tenured autonomous vehicle programs. In September 2015, Google hired ex-Hyundai and TrueCar exec John Krafcik to lead the program, and also brought a legal lead onboard in July 2016, indicating an increased focus on commercialization under the new Alphabet structure. The project was formally spun out as an Alphabet company under the Waymo banner in December 2016.
Through 2016, Waymo's testing expanded beyond Mountain View and Austin to Kirkland, Washington in February (wet, rainy conditions), and Phoenix, Arizona in April (high temperature, dusty conditions). Google also found its first automotive partner in Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA), which remains its only disclosed OEM partner as of May 2017. The new Alphabet company publicly revealed its custom-designed self-driving hardware in February 2017, planning to sell an integrated hardware and software package. In April 2017, Waymo opened signups for the first public tests of its customized Chrysler Pacifica minivans, quickly followed by the aforementioned Lyft partnership.
Engineers and key figures have regularly departed the project for new ventures, buoyed by generous compensation packages. Departures have included technical lead and founding member Chris Urmson, as well as two machine vision engineers who left to found a still-stealthy startup. The company is currently embroiled in a high-profile lawsuit against Anthony Levandowski, a longtime Waymo engineer and founder of Otto (acquired by Uber), over the alleged misappropriation of Waymo's proprietary LiDAR designs.
Read More: Wall Street Journal, The Guardian, Wired
Yutong Has Successfully Tested Driverless Buses
Chinese bus manufacturer Yutong has been researching driverless buses since 2012. The company claims to have successfully navigated a bus on an inter-city road in central China's Henan Province. The bus can switch between manual and automatic mode. The company has yet to announce a firm release date for its autonomous buses, but has begun demoing the buses on public roads.
Read More: Economic Times, Yutong
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text:
Opinion 89-63
PUBLIC HOUSING LAW, §52(1): A municipal housing authority is
exempt from the payment of court filing fees.
This is in reply to your inquiry asking whether a municipal housing authority is exempt from the payment of court fees when it is a litigant in Supreme Court, a County Court, the Civil Court of the City of New York or the City Courts outside of the City of New York.
Generally, governmental entities are not exempt from court filing fees unless a statute expressly so provides (see 1988 Opns St Comp No. 88-38, p 75; 1983 Opns St Comp No. 83-20, p 22; Civil Practice Law and Rules, §§8017; 8019[d]). Section 52(1) of the Public Housing Law provides that a municipal housing authority:
There is no statutory definition of the word "fee" for purposes of section 52 (see Public Housing Law, §2) nor are we aware of any judicial interpretation of the word as used in this section.
This Office has expressed the opinion that in the absence of any statutory or judicial definition, the word "fee" in section 52 should be given its commonly understood meaning (2 Opns St Comp, 1946, p 290; see also People v Brooklyn Garden Apartments, Inc., 283 NY 373, 381 [1940]). Therefore, we have construed the word to mean fees paid to public officers for services performed, such as statutory recording fees or sheriff fees (2 Opns St Comp, supra). We also have previously expressed the opinion that court filing fees are in the nature of the type of fees intended to be included within the exemption contained in section 52 (8 Opns St Comp, 1952, p 70; see 1982 Opns St Comp No. 82-318, p 405; see also 1975 Atty Gen [Inf Opns] 44). In this regard, we note that these fees are not paid to an officer or employee as compensation for services rendered in his or her official capacity and, therefore, are not within the exception contained in subparagraph b of subdivision 1 of section 52.
There have been no subsequent statutory amendments or judicial decisions which would cause us now to reach a contrary conclusion with respect to court filing fees. Therefore, it is the opinion of this Office that pursuant to section 52 of the Public Housing Law, municipal housing authorities are exempt from court fees.
January 22, 1990

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Visitor Experience Volunteers will support us in providing our visitors with an excellent experience of Grizedale because they love their local forest.
In this key role you will provide a warm welcome and build positive rapport with visitors, as well as providing information to help them to make their visit a memorable one. By passing on your knowledge and sharing your enthusiasm for the forest you will contribute to visitors leaving Grizedale with a greener heart.
For more information please email: email@example.com


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From the Son of Heaven down to the mass of the people, all must consider the cultivation of the person the root of everything besides.
Things have their root and their branches. Affairs have their end and their beginning. To know what is first and what is last will lead near to what is taught in the Great Learning.
What the great learning teaches, is to illustrate illustrious virtue; to renovate the people; and to rest in the highest excellence.
The point where to rest being known, the object of pursuit is then determined; and, that being determined, a calm unperturbedness may be attained to.
Among the appliances to transform the people, sound and appearances are but trivial influences.
The superior man examines his heart, that there may be nothing wrong there, and that he may have no cause for dissatisfaction with himself.
It is the way of the superior man to prefer the concealment of his virtue, while it daily becomes more illustrious, and it is the way of the mean man to seek notoriety, while he daily goes more and more to ruin.
All things are nourished together without their injuring one another. The courses of the seasons, and of the sun and moon, are pursued without any collision among them. The smaller energies are like river currents; the greater energies are seen in mighty transformations.
The way of Heaven and Earth may be completely declared in one sentence: They are without any doubleness, and so they produce things in a manner that is unfathomable.
Sincerity is that whereby self-completion is effected, and its way is that by which man must direct himself.
In all things success depends on previous preparation, and without such previous preparation there is sure to be failure.
To be fond of learning is to be near to knowledge. To practice with vigor is to be near to magnanimity. To possess the feeling of shame is to be near to energy.
Heaven, in the production of things, is sure to be bountiful to them, according to their qualities. Hence the tree that is flourishing, it nourishes, while that which is ready to fall, it overthrows.
In archery we have something like the way of the superior man. When the archer misses the center of the target, he turns round and seeks for the cause of his failure in himself.
The superior man does what is proper to the station in which he is; he does not desire to go beyond this. In a position of wealth and honor, he does what is proper to a position of wealth and honor. In a poor and low position, he does what is proper to a poor and low position.


text:
WOLFENSTEIN : The New Order
- Written by vibhor
- Published in Game Reviews
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Hello! Here I am with my 2nd game review. This game review is about WOLFENSTEIN: The New Order. This game starts way back in 1946. The World War - 2 is on in full flow. This game then takes a great leap into 1960. The World War was greatly dominated by the Nazis. The Nazi's had defeated the strongest countries. We are Captain BJ Blazkowickz. Thus game is a great FPS! There are some breath taking moments. It has a single player campaign which has awesome objectives. The graphics of this game are very awesome. This game is also available on Play Station 4,Play Station 3,Xbox 360 and Xbox One. A better ending was needed to this game. This game was released on May 20,2014 and has been a great hit. The bloody action in this game makes it even more better. It's a must buy if u like First Person Shooting Games.
Have you played this game ? What do you think about this game ? Please comment below


text:
"Peace if possible, truth at all costs." ~Martin Luther
There will be a 20 piece big band playing all the golden oldies. Should be plenty of room for the hundred that will be attending. And there are sixteen cases of champagne free for the taking. Cheers.
There will be exhibition dances with some of the best Pro-Am dancers in Hawaii. The top prize for the evening drawing will be for the Mercedes Benz. And right after that, at break time they will have steak and lobster, all you can eat.
At all this for Free!
Pub's Side Note:
Dancing is the World's Second Most Popular Indoor Sport
Dancing is the World's Second Most Popular Indoor Sport


text:
A North Aurora man went on a lengthy diatribe before being sentenced to natural life in prison today for sexually assaulting two girls he had befriended at their church.
Charles E. Granter, 64, had been found guilty in 2009 for two counts of predatory criminal sexual assault, involving the girls, who were 9 and 11 when the incidents took place between 2005 and 2007.
State law mandated the life sentence, so there was little suspense in Wednesday's hearing before Kane County Judge Allen Anderson. But before being sentenced, Granter gave a 20-minute address, criticizing Anderson, the North Aurroa police, prosecutors and the alleged victims, who, according to Granter, lied about him.


text:
Instant runoff will be on N.C. fall ballots
By Catharin Shepard
Published in News on September 23, 2010 1:46 PM
One political race this fall will offer North Carolina voters an instant runoff option intended to speed up the voting process.
Wayne and Duplin County voters will join other residents Nov. 2 using the instant runoff voting, also known as alternate vote, to select a state Court of Appeals judge from a field of 13 candidates.
The process is easy: Voters pick a first, second and third choice for the seat in order of preference.
Only the first choices are tallied in the initial count. If there is a clear winner, the candidate with the most votes will take the office, Wayne County Board of Elections Director Vickie Reed said.
However, in the event that no single candidate earns enough votes to win the election, the "instant" part of the term "instant runoff" comes into play.
"If there is no majority, we have to look at the second choice candidates," Ms. Reed said.
The voting system eliminates the need to postpone announcing a winner and holding a runoff election. Preventing a runoff election saves the county a lot of money, officials said.
"It's almost like a second primary, only we don't have another election, you make your second choice there. It saves the cost of a second election," she said.
In the event of a runoff election for a state office, Wayne County would have to open all 30 precincts and order 70,000 additional ballots. Avoiding a runoff could also save money on poll workers and the amount of time and cost in delivering supplies and rent.
The county Board of Elections will explain the process to voters through several channels. The state Board of Elections voter's guide explains in detail how to vote in the election, and provides information about the candidates.
"We will be handing those out as soon as those are available. It tells you how to choose," Ms. Reed said.
Instant runoff voting has been used in several county municipal elections, but never in Wayne County, and it has never been used to decide a statewide contest, she said.
The county will be able to determine a winner for the county, but because it is a state position, only the official canvass will declare the winner for the state.
Although technically voters could vote for the same candidate three times, the extra votes would not be counted in an instant runoff.
"You can, but it will not count. It would be the same as an over vote on a regular ballot. You can vote for less than three candidates," Ms. Reed said.
The race is the last one on the ballot, and is only for the state Court of Appeals race. The county will have sample ballots available soon, Ms. Reed said.
The field of candidates for the open state Court of Appeals seat is the only race in the state that will feature the instant runoff voting option.
Jim Wynn of the state Court of Appeals resigned earlier this year to take a position on the U.S. Court of Appeals. The 13 candidates running for the vacant seat are John W. Bloss, J. Wesley Casteen, Chris Dillon, Jewel Farlow, Daniel Garner, Stan Hammer, Mark E. Klass, Doug McCullough, Anne Middleton, Harry E. Payne Jr., John Sullivan, Cressie Thigpen and Pamela M. Vesper.


text:
Peace talks for Sudan's Darfur region have resumed in Nigeria, but rebel delegates asked for several demands to be met immediately before they can continue.
The opening session of the African Union-brokered talks opened 24 hours late Saturday with just thirty minutes of speeches by different representatives.
Afterwards, members of the rebel Justice and Equality Movement and the Sudan Liberation Movement said they wouldn't begin negotiations unless they are assured government attacks stop in Darfur and that the African Union condemns recent attacks near the towns of Bilel and Isham.
The rebels also called on government troops to return to their barracks. Government negotiators immediately responded, saying this was impossible, because government forces were ensuring security and clearing areas of what they called lawless elements, following renewed rebel attacks.
The previous talks adjourned in November with agreements reinforcing a ceasefire and the protection of refugees, but these have been ignored.
African Union mediators have expressed hope they could reach a comprehensive peace agreement to end the 22-month conflict which has killed tens of thousands of people and left hundreds of thousands homeless.
The rebels, non-Arab Africans, say they are fighting against Arab-led government troops and militias for more autonomy and a larger share of oil wealth.
The United Nations envoy to Sudan has said he fears this round of negotiations could be headed for failure if the warring parties don't stop fighting.


text:
International Journal of Development and Sustainability (IJDS)
IJDS is a peer-reviewed open-access journal, published as the official journal of the International Society for Development and Sustainability (ISDS), Japan. IJDS is publishing in both ONLINE (electronic) and PRINT (hard-copy) versions. The journal aims to publish papers of high quality and strives to promote scholarly debate across a broad coverage of topics with a flexible editorial policy, accepting submissions in any of the areas within the journal scope which covers
all aspects of the environmental, economic, social, and cultural sustainability
including land resources, water resources, energy, agriculture, marine resources, ecology, environmental protection, health risks, education, human relations, labor, social policy, corporate responsibility, law, governance, urban planning, transportation, products & services, management, marketing & financial development, economic development, technological development, and international cooperation & relations
We invite manuscripts in the above topics from any country or region, however developing countries (and in particular Africa) is a main focus of the journal.
IJDS Fast Facts
Abbreviated Title:
Int J Dev Sustain
Impact Factor (2015):
0.04 (Unofficial)
Publication Frequency:
Time for Peer-Review:
15 Days
Article Processing Charge:
Submission Page:
Click Here
Article Processing Charge (APC)
In order to make papers freely accessible, author(s) will be charged a
processing fee of
for each accepted paper (money transaction charge must be borne by the authors). APC is only for accepted articles. There is no submission charge.
Editorial and Peer-Review Workflow
All submitted manuscripts are initially checked by the editorial office for suitability of the topic for IJDS. Once this is done, the manuscripts undergo a rigorous review by our experienced editors or external experts. The reviewers are encouraged to submit review reports by two weeks. The final decision for publication is made by the editorial office based on the reviewers' comments and suggestions. The decisions are normally one of the followings: acceptance, acceptance with minor revisions, acceptance with moderate revisions,acceptance with major revisions, and rejection. The main criteria in considering a manuscript for publication are originality of the work, significance of the topic, appropriateness of the methods, as well as the importance and quality of the findings, results, and implications.
Scholarly Publication Standards
IJDS is following
DOAJ's Good Practice Guidelines for Open Access Publishers
UNESCO's Policy Guideline for the Development and Promotion of Open Access
. It is also preparing for subscription to the
Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)
. The articles are being preserved in
database (in progress).
Fast-track Publication System
International Journal of Development and Sustainability (IJDS)
is a multidisciplinary indexed journal with fast, fair, and professional peer-review. As a scholarly journal with high editorial standards, IJDS is committed to processing all submitted papers with a fast and rapid turnaround, but not with scarifying the peer-review and quality. The editorial staff are making their utmost efforts to collect and send the peer-review results as rapidly as possible under the journal's fast-track publication system.
Open Access and Copyright Policy
This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author (This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access). The articles are distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY)
, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In order to make articles freely accessible, the author(s) pay 260 USD as article processing charge for each accepted paper (
Click for Submission
Plagiarism, Retraction, and Ethical Policies
In order to maintain high quality publication, IJDS has strong policies on publication ethics. All submitted manuscripts are checked for plagiarism by appropriate tools such as
, or manually by searching parts of the submitted content in Google Scholar and other databases. Other forms of scientific misconduct such as "duplicate submission", i.e. submitting a manuscript that is under publication or under review elsewhere, or have already been published elsewhere, with the same content or significantly similar content. Scientific misconduct, if detected at any stage of the editorial process, and even after publication of the article, will result in the immediate rejection of the submission, or retraction of the published article; and the processing charge will not be refunded.
Abstracting and Indexing
The articles are abstracted and indexed by
Google Scholar
Hochschule Hannover bibliothek
. Abstracting and indexing in more bibliographic databases are seriously under consideration in order to increase the journal's readership, raise its impact and to ensure that it is intended to be read, not deciphered.
About ISDS LLC
ISDS is officially registered with the Japanese government as a private organization. The main activities of ISDS are research, consultation, training, networking, project leadership, content development, and publication, mainly in the fields of sustainability and sustainable development.
ISDS membership is FREE.
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Sponsored Link
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2017 ISDS LLC. All rights reserved.


text:
Making Twine
A few weeks ago I found a new-to-me blog, Hester's Handmade Home. Her youtube page has this super cool tutorial for making fabric twine. At first I was like, sure, that's cool, but I'd rather make a string quilt. But then, last week I tried to destash some scraps on facebook and instagram.. and even after filling and shipping boxes to other scrap loving friends, I still had SO MANY SCRAPS.
Like, so many. It was obvious that I had tons and tons of strings that will probably never end up in any quilt, as much as I would like them to. So I recruited George to help pull strings of desired width and length, and I started twisting..And twisting and twisting and twisting. It's pretty easy and kind of addictive. I only stopped when my arms started to hurt. It's very easy to change colors, absolutely no stitching involved.
I definitely don't feel like I'm back in the loop again with all things crafty and bloggy and quilt industry-esque. It's an awful lot to keep up with and I did voluntarily take myself out of the online quilt community for.. far too long. Now it's kind of exciting to "discover" things and trends that other people have tried and gotten tired of already, but hey, I work at my own pace, always have. What were your most and least favorite quilts-trends-bloggers from 2016? Scrolling through Instagram all year, I can say there definitely were some popular ideas that... didn't quite fit with me. But I'm curious to see what everyone else seems to think. Have you discovered anything new? Taken up a whole new hobby all together? Even stopped quilting (Gasp!!)? Please, do tell..


text:
Total $0.00
Beekeeper Offering 31 Point GDPR Assessment Checklist to Hoteliers Preparing for Compliance
March 13, 2018 10:40am
Already GDPR compliant, the Beekeeper digital workplace app protects employees and hotel guests against data threats
SAN FRANCISCO, CA March 13, 2018 - Beekeeper, a GDPR compliant developer of a digital workplace app, is offering a "31 Point Assessment to Ensure GDPR Compliance" white paper to assist hoteliers in preparing for the European General Data Protection Regulation deadline that goes into effect May 25, 2018. GDPR protects European Union (EU) residents' personally identifiable information against security breaches. Any hotel that does not comply is risking heavy fines.
"If you operate a hotel in North American, GDPR directly affects your data security standards," said Corey McCarthy, Beekeeper head of global marketing. "Any hotel that provides accommodations to travelers from countries in the EU must comply with GDPR. Beekeeper has already taken the labor-intensive steps needed to become GDPR compliant; we've done the work and believe this document could help any hotel company still building their framework.
"Our Data Protection Officer, Dr. Amir Ameri, compiled an important list of questions to ask when going through the compliance process," McCarthy said. "The first 10 steps are listed below. To access the full 31 Point Assessment, click here."
Beekeeper 31 Point Assessment to Ensure GDPR Compliance
Disclaimer: These are the questions that Beekeeper has been using internally to assess compliance and, at the request of many colleagues, our CISO has been asked for his recommendations. These are not sanctioned by GDPR.
"One of the best ways hoteliers can start their journey to GDPR readiness is by using a secure communications platform that is already compliant," Ameri said. "In April, Beekeeper assembled a team to make sure every box on our 31 Point Assessment got checked. Our task is done. We encourage companies still needing assistance to visit Beekeeper's GDPR Hub and follow our journey to compliance here."
Hoteliers with questions about implementing GDPR best practices should visit Beekeeper's GDPR Hub.
Tags: beekeeper,
beekeeper hospitality,
digital workplace app,
gdpr compliance,
guest security,
data security
Beekeeper is a digital workplace app where operational systems and communication channels live within one secure, intuitive platform. Beekeeper connects desk and non-desk employees across locations and departments in real time via mobile or desktop, and includes an intelligent dashboard to help companies improve internal communication and streamline business processes.
The company is based in Zurich and San Francisco, and supports users in more than 137 countries. For more information, visit www.beekeeper.io
Contact: Austin Sandmeyer
email@example.com /
Mobile Communication Is Key to Employee Engagement & Retention
GDPR Compliance Deadline Has Come and Gone; What Does It Mean for Hotels?
Beekeeper Improving Guest Service and Guest Satisfaction Scores at the Watergate Hotel
Beekeeper Wins E20X 'People's Choice' at HITEC Houston
Data Travel and Beekeeper Connect HITEC 2018 Festivities with BeeHAPI Buses
Beekeeper Adds SIXTY Hotels to Its Portfolio
Beekeeper Achieves ISO Certification to Protect Hotels' Data
Experience Hospitality's 'Most Innovative Technology' at HITEC Houston With Beekeeper
Now Available for Download: HEBS Digital's GDPR Whitepaper
Beekeeper Ranks No. 59 on SaaS 1000
Why Protection of Your Staff and Guests Should Be a High Priority
Beekeeper to Showcase Hospitality's 'Most Innovative Technology' at AAHOA Convention
Agilysys Participates in HTNG Whitepaper on GDPR
Beekeeper Wins HTNG's 2018 TechOvation Award
Interview: Concilio Labs CEO Terri Miller Talks About the Impact of GDPR on Hotels and Their Guests
NAVIS Raises the Bar to Achieve Highest Level of PCI DSS Level 1 Certification
ALICE Shares Everything They Learned About GDPR Compliance
With Beekeeper, 'No Employee is Left Behind' at 1 Hotel Central Park
The Deadline for GDPR is Approaching Fast. Is Your Hotel Ready?
Connie Rheams Takes on Executive Role at Beekeeper
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text:
BS in Athletic Training/DPT
Boston University is no longer admitting students to this program. Please see our new professional (entry-level) Master of Science in Athletic Training program and/or our professional Doctor of Physical Therapy program.
The BS in Athletic Training/Doctor of Physical Therapy program is offered through the Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training. This accelerated dual degree program requires six years of study to acquire a BS degree in Athletic Training and a Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) degree. At the end of the summer following the fourth year of study, students will be awarded the BS in Athletic Training degree. At the end of the sixth year of study (following successful completion of SAR PT 793, the final clinical experience in physical therapy), the DPT degree will be granted.
Prerequisite courses (including CAS BI 105, BI 106, CH 171, CH 172, PY 105 and PY 106, or CAS PY 104 and SAR HP 565, Statistics [CAS MA 113, MA 115, MA 213, or PS 211], SAR HP 252, and SAR HP 412) must be completed with a grade of C– or better. Up to 8 credits of pre-approved prerequisite courses can be taken at institutions other than Boston University. Professional courses, including all those with an AT prefix plus SAR BI 211, SAR HP 504, SAR HP 505, SAR HP 531, SAR HP 532, SAR HP 560, SAR HP 572, SAR HS 201, SAR HS 342, and SAR HS 369, must be completed with a grade of C or better. All professional courses in the DPT program must be completed with a grade of C or better.
Students who are admitted into the program and maintain the academic requirements will automatically matriculate into the DPT program during the summer before their senior year. The Athletic Training/Doctor of Physical Therapy program requires a cumulative GPA of 3.0 by the end of the spring semester of the sophomore year and by the end of the spring semester of the junior year. Students who do not meet the GPA requirements at the stipulated times are not eligible to continue in the AT/DPT program.
For further details, including additional costs associated with the program, please refer to the Athletic Training/Doctor of Physical Therapy Program Policy & Procedure Manual, which is available on our department website. The most current curriculum and the program's technical standards can also be found on our website.
AT/DPT Curriculum
Each course carries 4 credits unless otherwise noted.
First Year
First Semester
- CAS BI 105 Introductory Biology for Health Sciences
- CAS CH 171 Principles of General Chemistry
- CAS WR 100 Writing Seminar
- SAR HP 151 Introduction to the Health and Rehabilitation Professions (2 cr)
- SAR HP 150 Freshman Year Experience (0 cr)
- Humanities elective
Second Semester
- CAS BI 106 Human Anatomy
- CAS CH 172 Principles of Organic and Biochemistry
- CAS PS 101 General Psychology
- SAR HS 201 Introduction to Nutrition
- SAR AT 205 AT Practicum I (1 cr)
- PDP (1 cr)
Second Year
First Semester
- CAS BI 211 Human Physiology
- CAS MA 113 or MA 115 or MA 213 or PS 211 Statistics
- SAR AT 355 Foundations of Athletic Training
- SAR HP 412 Abnormal Behavior in Rehabilitation
- SAR AT 304 AT Practicum II (2 cr)
Second Semester
- SAR HP 252 Health and Disability Across the Lifespan
- SAR HS 369 Gross Human Anatomy
- SAR AT 356 Examination and Diagnosis of Orthopedic Conditions
- SAR AT 305 AT Practicum III (2 cr)
- Humanities elective
- CAS PY 105/106 Elementary Physics I and II (may substitute CAS PY 104 Physics for Health Sciences and SAR HP 565 Biomechanics to meet physics requirement)
Third Year
First Semester
- SAR HS 342 Exercise Physiology
- SAR HP 531 Clinical Medicine I
- SAR AT 404 Clinical AT I
- SAR HP 353 Organization and Delivery of Health Care in the U.S.
Second Semester
- SAR HP 572 Principles of Evidence-Based Practice (3 cr)
- SAR AT 430 Orthopedic Rehabilitation (5 cr)
- SAR HP 532 Clinical Medicine II
- SAR AT 405 Clinical AT II
- SAR HP 560 General Medicine Practicum (1 cr)
- SAR PT 520 Functional Anatomy
- SAR PT 515 Physical Therapy Examination
Fourth Year
First Semester
- SAR PT 511 CV and Pulmonary System I (6 cr)
- SAR PT 521 Musculoskeletal System I (6 cr)
- SAR HP 504 Clinical AT III (2 cr)
- SAR AT 432 Organization and Administration in AT (2 cr)
Second Semester
- SAR PT 522 Musculoskeletal System II (6 cr)
- SAR PT 551 Neuroscience for Physical Therapy Students
- SAR PT 512 CV and Pulmonary System II (2 cr)
- SAR PT 565 Integrated Clinical Experience II (1 cr)
- SAR HP 505 Clinical AT IV (2 cr)
- SAR HP 791 Clinical Experience I (final AT/initial PT experience) (0 cr)
Fifth Year
First Semester
- SAR HP 662 Evidence-Based Practice II (2 cr)
- SAR PT 652 Neurological System I (6 cr)
- SAR PT 634 Diagnostic Procedures for Rehabilitation Professionals
- SAR PT 691 Clinical Education Seminar I (1 cr)
- SAR PT 550 Scientific Basis of Human Movement (2 cr)
Second Semester
- SAR PT 623 Musculoskeletal System III (6 cr)
- SAR PT 653 Neurological System II (6 cr)
- SAR HP 725 Foundations of Education and Health Promotion
- SAR PT 692 Clinical Education Seminar II (1 cr)
- SAR PT 681 Academic Practicum I (1 cr)
- SAR PT 792 Clinical Experience II (0 cr)
Sixth Year
First Semester
- SAR PT 756 Pediatrics (2 cr)
- SAR HP 770 Health Care Management
- SAR PT 773 Comprehensive Clinical Reasoning
- SAR PT 781 Academic Practicum II (3 cr)
- SAR PT 794 Clinical Education Seminar III (1 cr)
Second Semester
- SAR PT 793 Clinical Internship (0 cr)


text:
Spanish and Latin American Studies Program Overview
The Spanish and Latin American Studies Program offers a major that can be included in many degrees offered at the University of Sydney. For in-depth information on the Latin American Studies subject area, a description of the major and its requirements, and a table and descriptions of the units of study available in this area, go to the
Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Undergraduate Handbook - Spanish and Latin American Studies
For previous year enrolments: Handbook archive.
Unit of Study prerequisites are also reviewed from time to time. The prerequisites listed for units in your year of enrolment are valid for the duration of your candidature.
International Exchange
The department encourages students to spend a period of exchange at an overseas university. The University's International Exchange Program enables you to undertake approved overseas study, with the credit achieved counting towards your degree at the University of Sydney. Comprehensive information is available at the Student Exchange Office Website.
You can study at one of the many partner universities across the world with which the University has signed a formal exchange agreement. The University of Sydney has partnerships with universities in Chile, Mexico, Peru, Spain. See a full list of exchange partners here. You may decide to go for a semester or during the Winter/Summer breaks on short-term courses. The following information is relevant in both cases.
If you need to ask about gaining credit at the University of Sydney for subjects that you want to study in Spain, check with your academic Student Exchange Coordinator for Spanish and Latin American Studies, .
You must contact her before you travel abroad and when deciding what courses you'd like to choose. To be eligible to apply, you must have completed one full year (48 credits) though you can apply in your second semester as long as you will have completed the full 48 credits by the end of that semester. You need to maintain at least a credit average (65% +). See this link for more information about eligibility.
Again, you should contact Dr Walsh once you are abroad if you need to make any changes to your choices. All courses must be preapproved and it is also good to keep in touch!
Once you've decided to go on exchange, you should contact the International Office to find out all information you need.
The International Office holds very useful briefing sessions that are an obligatory part of your application for Exchange. Once you have attended these (compulsory) briefing sessions and chosen the overseas university you wish to attend, you will have to submit an application to the International Exchange.
The study plans you will need to submit will help you to get familiar with the Universities websites and learn about the different courses available and the credit systems.
When you find out which University you have been nominated to attend, the International Office will ask you to fill in another application. Even though this application indicates that your Academic Advisor should sign it, it will need to be signed by a staff member from the International office not by your Academic Exchange Advisor.
Once you have received the acceptance from your host University, then you should contact the Faculty Exchange Officer to get the subjects/courses/units you have chosen approved. For example if you are in FASS, you email [[mail to:firstname.lastname@example.com]]
S/he will forward your choices to your academic advisor.
Remember, you MUST have your units pre-approved and for that to happen in this Department, it must:
- Be taught in Spanish
- Be equivalent to a University of Sydney Unit in terms of workload (i.e. contact hours + self-study hours expected = exam type)
- Be examined through Spanish
- Be on a topic that is relevant to the culture you are studying i.e. generally equivalent to the types of units on offer in the Department of Spanish & Latin American Studies
- If it is a language unit, it must be of a level that is suitable for you (most Host Universities run placement tests).
Also remember that if you are doing a major in Spanish, only ONE of your cultural units can be done abroad and a maximum of TWO language units.
When meeting with your academic advisor, please have the following information with you:
- Printed copies of the descriptions of each course that you wish to study overseas, including course codes. If these are not yet available, please bring descriptions from the previous year and we will make the changes when the new descriptions appear.
- Assessment details for each of the courses (i.e. what type of exam is involved etc.)
- Number of contact hours for each of the courses (including how many weeks the course runs)
- The number of ECTs or equivalent credit points allocated to each course
- The form from International Office / Arts Faculty Office that the Academic Advisor will need to sign in order to approve your subjects, or, in some cases, that approval may be given via email.
Planning your subjects
Credit equivalencies
Please note that a full-time USYD credit load (24 USYD points) is the equivalent of 30 ECTs (European Credit Transfer) in Spain (a system that is also used in other countries but there are differences which you should ask the International Office about).
This means that one University of Sydney subject is not the equivalent of one subject in Spain or Latin America. Indeed, for the equivalent of two University of Sydney subjects, you may well end up doing 5 or 6 subjects at your Host University.
It is strongly recommended to take the courses with the highest ECTS so that you do not end up taking too many courses.
Academic policies and procedures
The Department follows the policies and procedures set out by the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences – for information, follow this link:
Special Consideration webpage for information on:
- Special Consideration - for serious illness or misadventure
- Special Arrangements - for essential community commitments
- Extensions on assessments - for minor illness or misadventure


text:
4 Jun '12 to
16 Jul '12
Yeah, sure
Est. Cost
3,000 -
USD (USD United States Dollars)
Travel Partners Wanted
Backpacking Europe Summer 2012
I'm going to be travelling using the eurail. Plan on starting in Italy heading up toward The Netherlands and ending in Spain. Major cities I want to hit are: Rome, Venice, Bologna, Florence, Zurich, Munich, Berlin, Prague, Paris, Amsterdam, Zurich, Barcelona, Valencia, Madrid, and Ibiza...not in this particular order though and I'm open to change!
Plan on staying in hostels.
I'm a 23 year old, easy going female! I like to have a goodtime but I also want to stay safe. I'm from Maryland and will be graduating college this Spring 2012.
Backpacking Europe Summer 2012
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What are the best treatments for fibromyalgia? I am sensitive to sleep aids - but I need something to help me get over being exhausted.
A: the nurse practitioner who is treating me is a fellow sufferer, and that means that she has tested whatever she gives me. We are both taking a muscle relaxer at bedtime called Zanaflex. It isn''t a cure-all, but it both induces sleep and relaxes the knots in our muscles and gives us pain relief. the relief usually lasts about 20 hours before it wears off in the evening. If you know you are sensitive to sleep aids, do you have medication and food allergies? We both do, and we find that our disease is very sensitive to those allergies, getting...
for my gastritis problem its been a 3 years this I''m carrying, I want to cure this one but I don''t know how and why I follow everything told me. Hope you help me
A: Gastritis is not a condition or a disease on its own, but is a term that is used to describe a whole group of disorders that have one thing in common, which is an inflammation in stomach lining. the bacteria that lead to stomach ulcers are the same that lead to a stomach gastritis problem. However, there are several other factors that could lead to this condition. for some people, gastrit
What is the best way to get rid of the mouth infection Gingivitis, i have tried mouth washes.?
A: Ok first off you can''t get rid of Gingivitis once you have it. What you can do however, is prevent it from getting worse. Gingivitis is merely the first step in a very bad process that leads to a lot of pain and the loss of your teeth. This does not mean that it cannot be treated however. It just means you are more prone to bleeding gums and such if you don''t take proper care of your teeth. Firstly, there is no need to brush your teeth four times a day, three will do just fine. Secondly, you NEED to floss. Mouth washes don''t help as much as one would think...and...
How many Omega 3-fatty acid capsules should I take for my ulcerative colitis?
A: ulcerative colitis is a chronic disorder of the large intestine causing it to get inflamed and ulcerated. This often leads to flare ups causing severe attacks of bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever. the risk of long term colon cancer has also been associated with the condition. the exact cause of ulcerative colitis is not defined and the common symptoms are observed and the diagnos
What is the best natural/alternative medicine treatment for GERD?
A: Calcium carbonate, a well-established short-term remedy for heartburn. Some supplement manufacturers combine calcium carbonate with DGL . Deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL) is a highly regarded herb used as a demulcent (an agent that soothes and coats mucous membranes) and has been shown to be as effective as the drug cimetidine (Tagamet) in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. DGL can help restore the vital mucous lining that protects the stomach itself from hydrochloric acid. When the...
When I'm done with my ulcer treatment (antibiotics), can I occasionally drink alcohol?
A: french cognac would never hurt whoah....what great info you''re getting. NOT.... First, it depends on the type of ulcer, and the effect the treatment had. Ask your doc.... Also....get all the billing sheets with diagnostics....then research it yourself.... Depending on the condition of your stomach wall...and what side effects the meds may have caused....there is no way any armchair physician wannabees here can give you an ok to drink...also.....what are you planning on drinking? Beer? Wine? Ever Clear? Ask your doc You...
my 8 yr old daughter keeps getting ulcers in her mouth, they are bad ones. What would cause the painful ulcers? is there a remedy for them other than warm salt water?
A: An aphthous ulcer is an open sore on the mucus membrane that lines the inside of the mouth, and is probably the most common type of oral ulcer. there are numerous causes of these ulcers, and therefore identifying the factors at work in a particular case is usually quite difficult. However, the first possibility you need to look at is physical trauma. Often, an aphthous
I am a heavy smoker and there is an unbearable pain in my stomach......?
A: the best advice you can possibly get is from a GP; they will be able to diagnose the problem and sort it out before you suffer any longer than you already have. Although i do suspect smoking is playing a role in this, so maybe you should go on a stop smoking programme? Single best thing which you can ever do to improve the quality (in short and long run) and quantity of your life in the long run is to stop smoking. This will save you money as...
is it safe and effective to undergo a laser treatment for eye .Are there any sideeffects?
A: my mom got the diamond surgery to correct her vision and it worked but I dont know about lasers just make sure you pick a good physician. I heard some horror stories on 20/20 once where some people were not a good candidates for lasic and the doctor still perform the surgery. the victims all had perfect vision after the surgery but then after a few months they started to get blurry vision and even unable to get back their original v
What are the best natural remedies for migraine headaches?
A: From a purely personal point of view - Feverfew. I suffered from migraine for over 10 years, with as many as 4 to 5 attacks a week when it was at its worst. I tried a number of different proprietary medications but none worked successfully on a consistent basis. Feverfew did. Feverfew is a herb from the daisy family and grows like a weed in the garden if you plant it. the leaves can be eaten fresh or in a sandwich. It is available in tablet and capsule form from most good herbalists and healthfood shops or on-line. I...


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Substitute Princess's Chris Wu wins Best Actor at Asian Television Awards
Taiwanese actor, Chris Wu, has just won the Best Actor award at the 18th Asian Television Awards in Singapore. This is the first major award win for Chris, and he was very emotional as he accepted it. Chris Wu is well known to fans of DramaFever's Substitute Princess for his role as Terry.
Chris Wu won the Best Actor award for his performance in Love Comes with the Morning Sun, playing a man who was handicapped by polio in childhood and went through many of life's hardships to find love and regain self confidence.
The emotional Chris shouted from the stage, "I'm Wu Kang Ren. I'm from Taiwan." When Chris accepted the award, he thanked Chang Ting Hsu, whose real-life story was portrayed in the drama series, and dedicated the award to director Lee Chi Yuan who introduced him to acting.
It has been a five-year long wish that Chris made to win an acting award. He just missed out on the recent Golden Bell Awards in Taiwan and felt a little depressed. His nomination at the Asian Television Awards gave him new hope, but he didn't dare to expect to win. Now that he's won, he is reflective and wistful of his journey as an actor. He feels that he hasn't been very well known as an actor even though he loves acting.
Fans of Substitute Princess have certainly recognized Chris Wu as a great actor. While the show was on air, fans formed "Team Terry" for Terry, played by Chris, and pressed the show to have a happy ending for Terry. It's very possible that the scriptwriter heard the plea, because at the end of the show, one of those rarest events in Asian drama occurred when the second male lead, Chris, was together with the female lead.
Taiwanese actress, Chou You Ting, also won Best Actress Award for her drama series, Falling.
Congratulations to both Chris Wu and Chou You-Ting!


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Business/Computer Information Systems
The Business/Computer Information Systems degree is a comprehensive degree that requires completion of both CIS and Business courses. The degree offers a unique combination of computing skills and a background in business that will give you an advantage in competing for positions in a competitive job market.
- Program Highlights
- Finish your degree fast in our accelerated format. New courses start every 8 weeks. Classes meet only one night a week.
- All classes are held at our Deming Way Campus, conveniently located on Madison's West Side.
- You can start and stop at your convenience, selecting the best time of year to complete your studies.
- You will work closely with caring and committed advisors who act as your personal advocates from admissions to graduation.
- Faculty members are recognized for their ability to create classroom environments that mirror professional work settings. Our students call our classes challenging, inspiring, and - most of all - interactive. The skills you'll learn can immediately be put to use in your current profession.
- Financial aid and transfer credits are available and our counselors will assist you in finding all the benefits you are eligible for.
- Earn a valuable degree from a respected, local institution.
- Edgewood College has been recognized by U.S. News & World Report as a "Best National University," among "America's Best Colleges" by Forbes, and a "Best in the Midwest College" by Princeton Review.
- Our cost-per-credit is less than many other area institutions.
- Degree Requirements
The Business/Computer Information Systems degree is a comprehensive degree that requires completion of both CIS and Business courses. In addition to the General Education requirements, an Adult College Completion Program student completing the BUS/CIS degree would complete the following requirements.
CIS Coursework:
RCS 108 Network Fundamentals 4 cr.
RCS 117 Introduction to Programming 4 cr.
RCS 208 Introduction to Project Management* 2 cr.
RCS 217 Introduction to Object Oriented Programming* 4 cr.
RCS 227 Introduction to Databases 4 cr.
RCS 228 Introduction to Professional Communication and
Presentation 2 cr.
RCS 307 Object Oriented Systems Analysis & Design* 4 cr.
RCS 308 Project Management Tools* 2 cr.
RCS 317 Advanced Object Oriented Programming* 4 cr.
RCS 327 Web Development* 4 cr.
RCS 337 Database & OO System Implementation* 4 cr.
RCS 407 Network Security* 2 cr.
RCS 408 Network Management* 2 cr.
RCS 417 Advanced Web Development* 4 cr.
RCS 497 Information Systems Project* 4 cr.
*course has prerequisites
Business Coursework:
RBUS 211 Financial Accounting 4 cr.
RBUS 212 Managerial Accounting* 4 cr.
RBUS 311 Marketing Principles* 4 cr.
RBUS 312 Management Concepts* 4 cr.
RBUS 313 Corporate Finance* 4 cr.
RBUS 314 Business Law* 4 cr.
RBUS 315 Operations Management* 4 cr.
RCS 157 Computers in the Workplace 4 cr.
RECON 163 Microeconomics 4 cr.
RECON 164 Principles of Macroeconomics 4 cr.
RMATH 123/124 Mathematical Models in Business I/II* 2/2 cr.
RMATH 125/RMATH 126 Statistics and Its Applications I/II* 2/2 cr.
*course has prerequisites
Our advisors will be happy to set up a personal consultation with you to review your educational background and create a degree completion plan designed just for you. Please contact Marissa Guenzi with your questions or to set up an appointment: 608-663-4177 or firstname.lastname@example.com
- Credit for Prior Learning
At Edgewood College, we recognize that not all learning takes place within a classroom. Our Credit for Prior Learning Program is designed to help you earn credit for knowledge and skills learned through life and work experience. If you qualify, you'll have a head start in completing your degree even faster.
There are two ways to obtain credit:
- Take and pass CLEP or DSST Examinations. These are nationally standardized exams that allow students to demonstrate their mastery of introductory college-level material.
- Prepare a Portfolio under the direction of the College's Coordinator of Credit for Prior Learning Program that shows you have met the learning outcomes required for a general education course.
Our advisors can answer any questions you might have about the Credit for Prior Learning program. Please contact Marissa Guenzi or for more detailed information about the program at Edgewood College, please follow this link.
- Tuition and Financial Aid
Completing your college degree will increase your marketability and earning potential in today's highly competitive job market.
Adult College Completion tuition for the 2018-19 year (beginning Summer 2018) is $518 per credit. The total cost of completing your Business/CIS degree will depend on any transfer credits you may have from other institutions. Our admissions counselors would be happy to meet with you to create a personalized degree completion plan that would include an estimate of your total cost. We can also provide information about potential financial aid and share creative ideas that other students have used to finance their education.
Learn more about Financial Aid for Adult College Completion Students.
Don't think you can do it? Edgewood College thinks you can!
- Admission Requirements
- A minimum age of 22 prior to the start of classes in term of enrollment. Waivers for students less than 22 years of age considered on an individual basis.
- Two years full-time work experience or equivalent.
- GPA: First time students must have earned a high school diploma with a GPA of 2.5 or a GED score of 278. Transfer students must have a minimum 2.0 cumulative grade point average (on a 4.0 scale) in at least 12 academic credits from an accredited college.
- Personal laptop computer needed with the following configurations:
- Windows XP Professional
- Microsoft Office 2003
- Minimum 512m of memory
- Minimum 40g hard drive
- Wireless Networking 802.11b or higher required
- Edgewood College participates in the Dell Education Discount Program
5. A completed application. ($30 application fee)
6. Official transcripts. Please request that official transcripts for all high school and undergraduate academic credits earned be sent to: Edgewood College, Attn: Admission Manager, 1255 Deming Way, Madison, WI 53717
International students may have additional admission requirements. Learn more.
- Calendar
The dates shown below are days that classes are actually in session. There will be assignments given in the week prior to the start of each term that will be due on the first day classes are held.
Session 1 – August 20 – October 12
Session 2 – October 15 – December 14
Session 1 – January 22 – March 15
Session 2 – March 25 – May 17
Session 1 – May 20 – August 9
Admissions Materials: Due 2 weeks prior to the session in which you begin to attend classes. For example, admissions materials for Session 1, 2018 are due August 6.


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HP Photosmart printer driver version 4.2 for the photosmart 130, 230, 7150, 7345, 7350, and 7550 on Windows 2000 and Windows XP.
Download and Installation Instructions:
1)Download file to your hard drive.
2)Go to the file and double-click it. Choose "unzip."
3)With the printer disconnected from the system, select "Install hp photosmart printer series software" and follow the onscreen instructions.


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Open Thread: It Happened to You
This is your place to talk about the funny, sad, outrageous things that are happening in your life -- whenever you're ready.
If I sneeze too violently, I could break my ribcage.
If I trip on the sidewalk (why are they so damn uneven?!), I could break my leg.
Struggling with anorexia for the past 10 years gave me osteoporosis, and now I'm not even skinny anymore to show for it.
I became noticeably sick when I was only 11 years old. That summer, I went through two inpatient hospital settings. I came out at the lowest acceptable BMI (18.5) and was determined to stay that way. All through high school and up until now, I did.
In fact, instead of starving myself, I also morphed into "the runner." This became my new obsession. It was perfect because it gave me an excuse as to why I can't go out on Friday night and eat pizza. Because "I have a long run scheduled tomorrow morning."
I planned my life around running: morning runs, recovery runs, threshold runs, tempo runs, long runs. Running even dictated my hair style; I couldn't get the trendy straight-across bangs I loved because they are impossible to put into a ponytail and would get sweaty when I ran.
Last Christmas, I visited my oldest sister in Texas. The only thing I really remember from that week is that I really hated running on the cement all the time -- it hurt my knees. People who didn't know me well admired my dedication and willpower.
I honestly thought I was healthy, and had beaten my eating disorder. But, during this entire time, from 11 to 19-and-a-half years old, I never once had a period. My poor body simply didn't have the energy. Come to find out, periods are essential to building strong bones.
My first year of college, I joined the cross country and track team. I didn't think it would be a big deal since I already ran as much as they did. But when I first met the team, I immediately started comparing myself to the other girls, just to double-check that I wasn't the fattest.
While the other girls would run in just their sports bar and compression shorts, I always made sure to wear a black T-shirt, even when it was 100 degrees outside, because I was self-conscious about the fact that I was the only one on the team who did not have defined abs. In fact, my belly was always super bloated. (When undernourished, the body stores fat around the midsection, where the essential organs are located. This is what was happening to me because I had been in an energy-deficit state for so long.)
So, I kept running and ate even "cleaner" to get rid of that stubborn belly fat. I got up to 85.25 miles per week before my body started breaking down. I wanted to sleep all the time; I could never get enough sleep. I would skip class just to sleep.
It was around this time that my doctor made me take a bone density scan just as "a precaution" since I was 19 and still had not started my period. My endocrinologist said everything was probably fine.
My bone density score came in at a -3 z-score, placing me firmly within the osteoporosis range. In my college statistics class, we are learning about z-scores; a -3 score means that 99.7% of people my age have a higher bone density than I do, or that I am in the bottom 0.3% of the population. This score, -3, empirically told me that my bones are incredibly fragile and porous, and that I am not nearly as healthy as I was trying to be.
My point with all of this is to help anybody who is struggling with recovering from an eating disorder and/or over-exercising. Honestly, I don't even know how osteoporosis will affect my future. I hope it doesn't. But I have to be realistic and know that there is a chance I won't ever be able to have kids, and that I will always have to be extra-careful about not falling down.
Right now, I am trying my best to recover fully. This means no running for a while, as I have multiple stress fractures and a torn tendon from overuse.
My whole situation frustrates me no end. How could I have GIVEN myself osteoporosis? Starving and over-exerting myself was a choice I made. Now I have to live with the consequences. God, how could I be so vain and stupid?
I know that's not really how it works. Anorexia is a serious mental illness. It's not a choice any more than depression or the flu is a choice. What I do get to choose though, is to recover. Even though I am still struggling, especially with body-image, my hope is that this Christmas, I will be able to enjoy and actually remember the time spent with my family in Texas.


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AZA reciprocal programs are wonderful (mainly in States) but coming home to Canada and having to pay full price kills me. Maybe I am too cheap but to me an afternoon at the Aquarium is not worth over $100 when we have been able to visit so many Zoo's and Aquariums for FREE or half price in the States.
Ripley's in Toronto does offer educational rates for school groups and homeschool groups. The cost is $10 per student (Reg $16.98) plus hst and staff /parents are $25.48 plus hst (reg $26.98). With these educational prices if your child has a diagnosis then they have a free worker. At the time we went I had one with an Autism diagnosis so my admittance was free and only my husband had to pay. Now if we went again my husband could also attend for free as my other daughter now has an Autism diagnosis too. This makes the aquarium extremely affordable for families with special needs children. Regular homeschool families still get over charged in my opinion.
I'd still prefer their pricing to be like Ripley's in the Smokies where all homeschool families can walk up to the door, show proof of homeschooling and get in for $7.14 US plus tax and one adult per 10 kids is free. Extra adults pay the same rates as the students. They also offer affordable classes for Homeschool groups...So Ripley's of Toronto why do you not have a supportive Homeschool policy for us? I've emailed them before but got no response. Enough of that, it makes me upset.
On to our fieldtrip!
|Petting the horseshoe crabs in the touch tanks
|This crawl through tunnel was a lot of fun
|Oh no they crashed the sub
The jelly fish exhibit with the coloured lights that make them change colours was our favourite exhibit.


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Copeland, A.J. Fletcher Professor in the School of Communications,
has published the book "The Antebellum Press," part of
the seven-volume series "Debating the Issues in Media."
Copeland is also the editor for a Greenwood Publications series
that begins with the American Revolution and concludes with World
War I.
The Antebellum
Press deals with significant events and issues in America from 1820
to 1860 and outlines how the nation's press served as a sounding
board for discussion and debate on issues such as slavery, Native
American relocation, white male suffrage, education and women's
The book shows
how the press worked to shape public opinion as the principal source
for information on issues that affected and ultimately divided Americans
during this pivotal period of the nation's history.


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Corning Unveils Gorilla Glass 2, Stronger And Thinner
Corning Incorporated has introduces Gorilla Glass 2, the next generation of the company's widely accepted, damage-resistant cover glass for consumer electronic devices, at the International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas this week. Corning Gorilla Glass 2 enables up to a 20 percent reduction in glass thickness, while maintaining the industry-leading damage resistance, toughness, and scratch resistance customers have come to expect from the world's most widely deployed cover glass. The thinner Gorilla Glass 2 enables slimmer and sleeker devices, brighter images, and greater touch sensitivity. If Apple products have any weakness, I think that the lack of Gorilla Glass is, it would be the final touch on what are already brilliant products. I doubt that will happen since I doubt Corning would submit to Apple's pricing demands but it's nice to wish.
Product qualification and design implementation for Corning Gorilla Glass 2 are underway with Corning's global customers, a number of whom are expected to unveil new devices using Corning Gorilla Glass 2 during the coming months. First introduced in 2007, Corning Gorilla Glass set the industry standard for damage-resistant cover glass. Today it is the most widely deployed cover glass, used by more than 30 major brands and designed into more than 575 product models, spanning more than 500 million units worldwide.
As one of the company's fastest growing businesses, Corning Gorilla Glass is expected to reach more than $700 million in 2011 sales, nearly triple 2010 results.


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OS & system enhancement
Compatible with Lion (10.7.2 or later) and Mountain Lion, and requires a (free) iCloud account
Age Rating: 4+
For all iCloud's integration with OS X, the one thing that Apple's cloud service isn't very good at is arbitrary file storage. Want to save some random file and have it automatically synced between your Macs? There's no easy way to do so, unless that file works with an iCloud-compatible app like Preview or one of the iWork apps. Even then, you can only access it from within that particular app.
Zibity's iClouDrive 1.18 is a simple solution to that problem. Run the app and it creates a folder in – by default – your home directory; any file you drop in that folder is automatically synced to any other Mac on which you've also enabled iClouDrive. (iClouDrive works by creating a folder in ~/Library/Mobile Documents, which is the hidden folder that iCloud uses to sync data; the alias in your home directory points towards that folder.) The files are locally stored, so you don't need a network connection to open them.
iClouDrive is pretty bare bones as apps go; the only real option is to specify a different location for the iClouDrive folder by holding down the Option key while clicking Enable iClouDrive in the installer. But the app works exactly as described, automatically shuttling documents between Macs with the app installed.
One thing iClouDrive lacks is an uninstaller. It is possible to disable by deleting the iClouDrive alias, but you need to make sure to delete the files within it manually first, or else they will continue eating up your disk and iCloud space.
If you're not a Dropbox user, and you're looking for some simple, free file-syncing, iClouDrive may be fine for your needs.
by Dan Moren, Macworld


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Developed from archive findings with a silhouette that meticulously follows the shape of the foot, the Trigenic Flex is a pioneering fusion of footwear engineering technologies and classic moccasin construction. A three part decoupled sole unit offers superior flexibility while the upper is designed in classic white leather.SHOW DESCRIPTIONSHOW DESCRIPTION
Look after your shoes by using products from our specially selected shoe care range. Learn more about shoe care here.
Returns are free. Learn more about our returns policy here.