text:
You are being lied to about pirates
by Johann Hari
But behind the arrr-me-hearties oddness of this tale, there is an untold scandal. The people our governments are labeling as "one of the great menaces of our times" have an extraordinary story to tell – and some justice on their side.
Pirates have never been quite who we think they are. In the "golden age of piracy" – from 1650 to 1730 – the idea of the pirate as the senseless, savage thief that lingers today was created by the British government in a great propaganda heave. Many ordinary people believed it was false: Pirates were often rescued from the gallows by supportive crowds. Why? What did they see that we can't?
In his book "Villains of All Nations," the historian Marcus Rediker pores through the evidence to find out. If you became a merchant or navy sailor then – plucked from the docks of London's East End, young and hungry – you ended up in a floating wooden Hell. You worked all hours on a cramped, half-starved ship, and if you slacked off for a second, the all-powerful captain would whip you with the cat o' nine tails. If you slacked consistently, you could be thrown overboard. And at the end of months or years of this, you were often cheated of your wages.
Pirates were the first people to rebel against this world. They mutinied against their tyrannical captains – and created a different way of working on the seas. Once they had a ship, the pirates elected their captains, and made all their decisions collectively. They shared their bounty out in what Rediker calls "one of the most egalitarian plans for the disposition of resources to be found anywhere in the 18th century."
They even took in escaped African slaves and lived with them as equals. The pirates showed "quite clearly – and subversively – that ships did not have to be run in the brutal and oppressive ways of the merchant service and the Royal navy." This is why they were popular, despite being unproductive thieves.
The words of one pirate from that lost age – a young British man called William Scott – should echo into this new age of piracy. Just before he was hanged in Charleston, South Carolina, he said: "What I did was to keep me from perishing. I was forced to go a-pirating to live."
In 1991, the government of Somalia – in the Horn of Africa – collapsed. Its 9 million people have been teetering on starvation ever since – and many of the ugliest forces in the Western world have seen this as a great opportunity to steal the country's food supply and dump our nuclear waste in their seas.
Yes: nuclear waste. As soon as the government was gone, mysterious European ships started appearing off the coast of Somalia, dumping vast barrels into the ocean. The coastal population began to sicken. At first they suffered strange rashes, nausea and malformed babies. Then, after the 2005 tsunami, hundreds of the dumped and leaking barrels washed up on shore. People began to suffer from radiation sickness, and more than 300 died.
Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah, the U.N. envoy to Somalia, tells me: "Somebody is dumping nuclear material here. There is also lead and heavy metals such as cadmium and mercury – you name it." Much of it can be traced back to European hospitals and factories, who seem to be passing it on to the Italian mafia to "dispose" of cheaply. When I asked Ould-Abdallah what European governments were doing about it, he said with a sigh: "Nothing. There has been no cleanup, no compensation and no prevention."
At the same time, other European ships have been looting Somalia's seas of their greatest resource: seafood. We have destroyed our own fish stocks by over-exploitation – and now we have moved on to theirs. More than $300 million worth of tuna, shrimp, lobster and other sea life is being stolen every year by vast trawlers illegally sailing into Somalia's unprotected seas.
The local fishermen have suddenly lost their livelihoods, and they are starving. Mohammed Hussein, a fisherman in the town of Marka 100km south of Mogadishu, told Reuters: "If nothing is done, there soon won't be much fish left in our coastal waters."
This is the context in which the men we are calling "pirates" have emerged. Everyone agrees they were ordinary Somalian fishermen who at first took speedboats to try to dissuade the dumpers and trawlers, or at least wage a "tax" on them. They call themselves the Volunteer Coast Guard of Somalia – and it's not hard to see why.
In a surreal telephone interview, one of the pirate leaders, Sugule Ali, said their motive was "to stop illegal fishing and dumping in our waters … We don't consider ourselves sea bandits. We consider sea bandits [to be] those who illegally fish and dump in our seas and dump waste in our seas and carry weapons in our seas." William Scott would understand those words.
No, this doesn't make hostage-taking justifiable, and yes, some are clearly just gangsters – especially those who have held up World Food Program supplies. But the "pirates" have the overwhelming support of the local population for a reason. The independent Somalian news site WardherNews conducted the best research we have into what ordinary Somalis are thinking – and it found 70 percent "strongly supported the piracy as a form of national defense of the country's territorial waters."
One of the pirate leaders, Sugule Ali, said their motive was "to stop illegal fishing and dumping in our waters … We don't consider ourselves sea bandits. We consider sea bandits [to be] those who illegally fish and dump in our seas and dump waste in our seas and carry weapons in our seas."
During the revolutionary war in America, George Washington and America's founding fathers paid pirates to protect America's territorial waters, because they had no navy or coast guard of their own. Most Americans supported them. Is this so different?
Did we expect starving Somalians to stand passively on their beaches, paddling in our nuclear waste, and watch us snatch their fish to eat in restaurants in London and Paris and Rome? We didn't act on those crimes – but when some of the fishermen responded by disrupting the transit corridor for 20 percent of the world's oil supply, we begin to shriek about "evil." If we really want to deal with piracy, we need to stop its root cause – our crimes – before we send in the gunboats to root out Somalia's criminals.
The story of the 2009 war on piracy was best summarized by another pirate, who lived and died in the fourth century BC. He was captured and brought to Alexander the Great, who demanded to know "what he meant by keeping possession of the sea." The pirate smiled and responded: "What you mean by seizing the whole earth; but because I do it with a petty ship, I am called a robber, while you, who do it with a great fleet, are called emperor."
Once again, our great imperial fleets sail in today – but who is the robber?
Johann Hari is a writer for the Independent newspaper. He has reported from Iraq, Israel/ Palestine, the Congo, the Central African Republic, Venezuela, Peru and the U.S., and his journalism has appeared in publications all over the world. To contact him, email firstname.lastname@example.com or visit his website at JohannHari.com. This column previously appeared in the Independent and Huffington Post, where the following postscript was added:
Postscript: Some commentators seem bemused by the fact that both toxic dumping and the theft of fish are happening in the same place – wouldn't this make the fish contaminated? In fact, Somalia's coastline is vast, stretching 3,300km (over 2,000 miles). Imagine how easy it would be – without any coast guard or army – to steal fish from Florida and dump nuclear waste on California, and you get the idea. These events are happening in different places but with the same horrible effect: death for the locals and stirred-up piracy. There's no contradiction.
350 thoughts on "You are being lied to about pirates"
Ok…you're right. We're exploiting these poor oppressed third world people.
So let's leave the oil, diamonds, coal and gas in the ground, keep the garment factories and assembly facilities at home, and LEAVE THESE PEOPLE TO STARVE while their corrupt leaders send our foreign aid and benefit concert proceedings to Swiss bank accounts.
Who do you think these companies are going to hire? The local population, of course.
And they soon move out of their shacks, get running water and electricity, better health care, regular and better food, self-respect and less dependence on tinpot tyrants and bleeding heart liberals and won't have to plunder shipping for a living.
Even Obama's brother might be able to afford three meals a day…instead of in a week.
We agonize over 10% unemployment in the US. Over there, it's closer to 75%.
If there's ANY 'exploitation', it's by third world dictators who sell the labor of their own citizens and take a cut of every wage.
I can hear a million Somalis crying out right now. You know what they're crying?
What's your view on the 'maquiladores' just inside the Mexican/US border? Are they not benefiting Mexicans who no longer need to risk their lives in the US deserts?
And it's obvious you have no idea what an 'undereducated, alcoholic Marine' has to know to do his job…aside from sheer courage.
Every Marine must have a high school diploma or GED prior to entry and their training and technical schools are second to none.
If I stipulate that Somalis have the 'right' to plunder the world's shipping, it does not follow that the world must roll over and submit…especially the US.
Would YOU submit to being robbed, for example twice a month, by a thug who thinks he has a legitimate claim to your money?
(No? You just DID. Unless you voted for McCain.)↓
Some of the comments here are utterly amazing. a NUMBER of independent investigations into conditions in and around Somalia all conclude that the dumping of radioactive waste and over-fishing of the waters in the region complicate the already-difficult circumstances in that region. More to the point, however, is that Somalia itself – on land – is in a state of total collapse. The author of this commentary makes a very good point, and in going back to the history of piracy, does bring up material relevant to the issue.
However, her recourse to history is incomplete. Last week I posed an article about how history tells us piracy itself should be fought (not the origins, just the actions):
You have to read to the end of the story to get to some commentary that is a bit related to this article. Basically, history says send in the navy and shut down their refuges ashore. That sounds imperialistic, but is not.
Obviously the overwhelming problems of East Africa must receive far more serious attention than they receive today. the racist right-wing commentators above do not understand that it IS in America's national interest to do so. But their comments also show they don't much care about history or anything else.↓
My last two posts showed more concern for third world people than anything you've showed in your entire miserable life.
If you truly cared about these people, you wouldn't drive away their only hope of earning a decent living vs existing from the crumbs that fall off some generalissimo's table or alms from some pitiful group of aging musicians trying for a comeback.
You insist on granting Somali pirates a moral sanction that most of them don't claim for themselves.
And if you had any brains you wouldn't write an obviously well-researched post and then ruin it by calling people 'racists'.
That's because everything else gets ignored.
You can take 'racist' and stick it up there alongside your head, pal.
And as far as 'not caring about history' we're about to create another Depression by pursuing the same failed policies that caused the last one.↓
Hmm, Tailgunner. I addressed the broad range of comments accumulating – the people who deny that there are any problems for somalia caused by radioactive waste dumping, esploitation of natural resources while the nation is incapable of operating functionally, and of course those charming folk who think "nigger" helps communicate anything.
Now that you decided to take me on directly, I took a look at your posts. If you REALLY yhink Somalis are getting good jobs, decent wages, a chance to hoist themselves up and so forth from the operations of foreign companies in that nation today, then you should be investing in businesses that are built on making profits from somalian consumer sales and the like. There's an opportunity going begging right now!
Truth is, somalia, the sudan, and a number of other African and Asian states are all failing. "Capitalism" in their cases is not operating at all. In many situations, a form of de facto fascism is at work – strongarms claiming the wealth for themselves and a small collation of other positioned to reap whatever benefits they can grab and use the population as slaves or worse.
Ideology is utterly useless in dealing with these states. They don't need anyone's ideologies – they need long-term engagement that recycles the limited welath of their nations into rebuilding those countries, that separates warring parties and if necessary forcibly prevents further conflict, that works with the local peoples to rebuild their basic living environments and allows the local peoples to pursue courses of development that will sustain them. Right wingers in the U.S. consider such ideas "socialism," which is utter hooey. Left wingers in the U.S. consider these same ideas a form of imperialism because this is an interventionist approach based on pragmatic principles. The left wingers' take is also hooey.
These are conditions that specifically exmplify why the United nati9ones was first established, and how the U.S. in fact worked for more than 10 years after WWII ended. As a practical matter, the U.N. is really unlikely to do much now. Oddly enough the people who could lead an international coalition to take effective action are the ones who run the International MOnetary Fund and the World Bank.↓
by the way, Tailgunner. Adopting Sen. Joe McCarthy's political nickname really doesn't help a lot. "Tailgunner Joe" was never a tailgunner, he lied about his service record, and he lied about Communists when he headed up his Senate committee. Joe McCarthy was simply an opportunist without principles.
You might want to look for a different avatar.↓
My self image does not depend on your approval.
My screen name 'Tailgunner' has nothing to do with Joe McCarthy or politics. (Incidentally, KGB files released after the fall of the former Soviet empire proved McCarthy was rightly concerned about Soviet espionage and infiltration in the US.)
And the subject at hand is Somali piracy and how to stop it, not nuclear dumping, or illegal fishing, or a failed state.
You didn't 'look' too hard at my posts. I said nothing about Somalis 'getting good jobs'.
'"Capitalism" in their cases is not operating at all. In many situations, a form of de facto fascism is at work – strongarms claiming the wealth for themselves and a small collation of other positioned to reap whatever benefits they can grab and use the population as slaves or worse.'
So the problem is NOT 'capitalism', it's the prevention or unequal distribution of capitalism by LOCAL tyrants or warlords.
"Ideology is utterly useless in dealing with these states. They don't need anyone's ideologies – they need long-term engagement that recycles the limited welath (sic) of their nations into rebuilding those countries, that separates warring parties and if necessary forcibly prevents further conflict, that works with the local peoples to rebuild their basic living environments and allows the local peoples to pursue courses of development that will sustain them."
Sounds like there's a heavy dose of capitalism in there to me.
And who do you expect to 'separate warring parties' and 'forcibly prevent further conflict'?
Someone's going to have to (gasp) invade that country. Course if WE do it, it's 'imperialism'.
What country meets your ideological standards to go in there and restore order?
How many divisions do the IMF and World Bank have?
And you've certainly got a lot of nerve preaching about being an 'opportunist without principles'. Try reading Rahm Emanuel sometime ('never let a crisis got to waste….you can accomplish a lot more than you think')
And Obama is the consummate opportunist…using a Democrat-precipitated economic crisis to hysterically ram through a socialist economic coup without the slightest concern for the present or future health of the economy.↓
you don't think that warlords and tinpot dictators are part and parcel of globalized corporations plans for Africa or South Asia or the Middle East. The reason that these warlords are installed and sponsored by industrial countries is that they squander profits from minerals on arms and when they don't, the bored, hyper-masculine, alcoholics are called in to take them out because they have been labelled 'socialist' or 'communist' for nationalizing their minerals industries and developing infrastructure for their country: it's a pattern that has repeated itself dozens of times. the same thing happened in the u.s. coal industry, to list one example, in the 20's, 30's, 40's when miners tried to organize for fair pay and safe working conditions mercenaries murdered them and terrorized their communities by dropping bombs. do you think obama or any of the bushes care about the courage a marine has to go into iraq or afghanistan? no soldiers are disposable even kissinger admitted that. additionally what's the difference between a marine going to iraq to earn pay to support his/her family or gain education, a somali hijacking a ship to feed his/her family, or a drug dealer in the states running from the cops to get money to his children? there really isn't a difference: they are all victims of receding educational and job opportunities brought on by government sponsorship of a wasteful, inefficient corporate order. additionally the conditions for a socialist coup were initiated by Bush 43 and really even earlier: huge giveaways to companies who failed because of bad lending inspired by rollbacks of new deal legislation. in fact socialist countries in central europe and scandinavia are doing quite well right now↓
maquiladoras and "economic protection zones" or free trade zones are part of austerity policies and imf reform measures enforced on countries at the end of a u.s. issued m-16 or by an international banking group that is more than happy to wine and dine the families of the elites with the knowledge that wealth won't be shared. the leaders of somalia, ethiopia, iraq, congo, sudan aren't democratically elected; neither was hitler or bush. however they gain the ability to seize control with the funds and logistical support of industry that have an interest in monopolizing the mineral wealth or seafood surplus or unregulated coastline, etc. of said country. tailgunner say this with me: i am not a unique or beautiful snowflake, our opinions ultimately don't matter, i am part of the same decaying compost heap as a somali ship hijacker or iraqi insurgent. perhaps humility will help you overcome your angry egocentric and highly prejudicial psychopathology.↓
also what exactly about mccains platform or political history makes him any different than obama or bush. policy wouldn't really look that much different if mccain would have won: huge giveaways to aig and banks with no oversight. it's funny how one could advocate grassroots wealth distribution and rail against the business and government elites of a foreign country while worshipping the ground and eating every little lie put forth by government and their government lackies here. the author and reactionaries on this forum are concluding the same thing that people deserve a fair shot and shouldn't be screwed over by government but for some reason no one can come to the conclusion that corporate political parties and their submissive military are the root of the problem. it's because we all have certain blindnesses in the way we see the world. some can't admit that international business has used our country as a front to rape and pillage individuals of other countries and others are just so happy that the nightmare of the last eight years is over they can't see that obama is just a logical extension of dubya's policies. that his highminded platitudes for change are just marginal amendments to policy while continuing the systemic imperialism of the system, and both sides would rather use this forum as an outlet of their anger at their consumerist despiritualized simulated commercial for a life than a way to find common ground. It really aint nuthin new↓
Go to hell. My opinion matters.
And don't transfer your 'psychopathology' to me. I'm not the one performing leaps of logic trying to blame all the evils in the world on US imperialism.
I think you majored in British Empire 101 with a minor of Gunboat Diplomacy. Well, that ended nearly a hundred years ago. Since then both Britain and the US have been in a race to see who can give away the most possessions. (The US is behind at the moment since most of our possessions don't WANT to be independent.)
The only country I'm aware of which is engaging in raw economic warfare is China, in the Spratley Islands which belong to the Philippines, and off the coast of Cuba, where they are drilling in areas placed off limits for US oil exploration by Democrats.
And of course the Somali pirates, who somehow always emerge from their predations as blameless victims in the warped minds of pathetic, self-loathing, guilt-ridden, indoctrinated anti-American navel-gazers like yourself.
Where's all the wealth that we're exploiting from Somalia with the help of 'industrialized countries' who have 'installed and supported' these warlords? Hm?
Not much return on their investment so far, hey?
Why don't you come down from YOUR high horse and spend a week with those 'decaying compost heaps' who are right now FIRING on ships…but of course just to get money to clean up the oceans and feed their families.
It's easy for you to opine when you're halfway around the world from merchant seaman, who ALSO are trying to feed THEIR families, knowing you'll never have to face the evil you're defending.
And Iraq, to name another alleged victim of Western imperialism, is now a functioning, albeit imperfect, representative republic. Where's all the oil we're supposed to be 'looting' from Iraq? In fact we're the ones being looted since the Iraqi government has set a floor on the price of oil sold to the US.
Did you just say that US miners organizing in the twenties-forties were bombed by mercenaries?
Most likely you meant overseas. Well, then, again it was local leaders who either carried out or authorized these raids; yet once again you blame corporations for the actions of local tyrants.
And 'maquiladores' et al were instituted by agreements between countries, e.g. NAFTA; the idea they were pushed to adopt them at the 'end of an M-16' is ludicrous. Where are the 'M-16's' that force these people to go to work each day? Are they, as you imply, slaves?
And the idea that European socialism is doing quite well is a lie. In healthcare alone they are experiencing a disaster in the making. Thousands die on waiting lists that may be several months or even years for care that the US provides within days…or minutes.
Keep your 'kumbaya' bullshit for someone who'll swallow it.↓
fuck all these nigger cunts, dirty robbing scum bags.
i hope all the robbing niggers are shot dead !↓
who in the hell cares about a 3rd world country. they thought they had balls coming on the ship until the us navy had 6 warships firmly planted up their asses. fuck those 3rd world niggers and all that bullshit article above. theres always someone trying to say that something is corrupt like that fucking pussy who rote the article↓
In general, I think debating with Tailgunner is a waste of time. His extremist laissez-faire ideology combined with a let's-have-a-fight at the bar hostility do not admit to discussion, just bottle-throwing.
I'm back here now simply to address a question he rasied that has now been batted back and forth a couple of times and should get a bit of discussion. I don't particularly care what either Tailgunner, Navigator, or anyone else has had to say about maquiladoras – I do care about those "free trade zone" factories and the utter havoc they have and are causing.
the "maquiladora" system is in fact a tool of economic oppression. Ostensibly created to give jobs to Mexicans who otherwise would do without, stimulated development in mexico, and provide North American markets with goods produced at low, competitive prices, they are in fact vile cesspits, sources of incredible pollution, and a re-creation of the old "company town" once common in the U.S. during the late Industrial Period.
I taught in Mexico at one time and saw first-hand the evils of what was supposed to be the fruit of enlightened free-market capitalism at work. "Maquiladoras" indeed attract people from all over Mexico. They employ workers at exceptionally low wages, with no benefits or social protections of any kind, for up to 90 days. At that point under Mexican law, the factories must then either give those people permanent jobs with benefits or teminate them. Guess what happens?
Yep, 90 days on the job and you are OUT!
The communities where the facotry workers live are desperate slums, often in riverbeds and flood plains, with housing of mud, grass, tarpaper and carboard. Ther are no sewers, municipal water, streets to speak of, or anything else. The facotry owners do provide some access to goods and services, at prices the workers can hardly afford, or on "loan" that eats up their paychecks while they are employed.
In many cases, the workers simply rotate eveyr 90 days between different facilities. There's also a minimum period between hrings by factories so that folk aren't fired one day and re-hired the next.
The plants themselves have virtually no pollution control or other environmental requirements. The plants are horrible places to work, the air, land and waer around them is poisonous, and the conditions worse than almost anywhere on Earth.
Of course people still go there. So do the miners in the Andes who literally work themselves to death in a short time because at least they have some work. So do the little girls (and boys) in the infamous brothels of Thailand and the Philippines.
These are the conditions that demand if not government intervention then organization by the workers themselves to impose chane. History shows it over and over, this is hardly a new story. Labor conditions in the U.S. were vile until unions first forced change and then eventually government saw the benefits of regulating the workplace. "Free market" advocates are frankly full of crap.
The expriment with NAFTA is a huge failure of policy. The maquiladoras are only one example why.↓
what makes u think that people living on the earth and in mud huts dont have self respect,,oh i see cos their not working like slaves for the yanky doller after all everyone nows the yanky doller deserves respect,god if thats what u think that u need to work to have self respect then u really are one of thr original american puppet people go back to voting and reading the media and ure normal white life believeing u are somehow superoir to the rest of the world who do in fact ahave a different way of looking at things ..god civilisation really is wank↓
Steveo, you need to read the post again. There's nothing in it degrading the determined, hard-working people who must endure difficult conditions of life. I already made the point you are attempting to address.↓
their u have it..theres nothing to degrade the hard working,as if somehow people that work are like the holy of the new world,,do u not realise how destructive work is, not only to different cultures but to the enviroment peoples health and their ability to be happy…the only thing more destructive than work is war…god some people really do have the western system firmly emplanted in their,brainwashed minds…..point 2 how come its wrong for warlords to fight each other but its fine for the yanky army to fight the warlords,,at least warlords have a fair fighty against each other,,but against the american army the,most heavily armed bunch of cowards on the planet…and if u think ure brave then go onshore without the army as ure back up after all ure enemy only has its wits and a few peaces of light artilliary…i dont agree with war in any of its shapes or forms but to think u can invade a country with an army at gunpoint is exactly the same as local tribes fighting each other,,except the tribes dont stand a chance against the yanky war machine….so fuck off america stop behaving like u rule the world and somehow have a rightous way of going to war against tyranny when u are the tyrant inso many countrys….god youll be selling them crack next to enslave them to yanky doller…↓
Dear readers,
Whatever you guys are saying, but this kind of act by robing
is not acceptable by any civilized nations around the world.↓
Akber…please tell me example of at least one civilized nation? Before u tell me please think!↓
Well done to the Somali Pirates.↓
Salaam Alaikum
US Peacekeepers were in Somalia for some time and in force not with 'guns blazing' but protecting stocks of food and other goods earmarked for starving,dying Somalis (that were being stolen by gunmen)before the force was drastically reduced and the Somalis took advantage of the reduction-Now someone please explain since the US is so unspeakably corrupt and evil and obviously hates Muslims why US troops are in Kosovo right now protecting Muslim Alabanians from Christian Serbs-Why are the overwhelming majority of US Military missions in Iraq Humanitarian in nature?Thats just not sexy enough,is it?
And please,Commenters,specify If you have ever actually BEEN to Somalia or Kosovo or Iraq,or anywhere at all,for that matter.↓
you really do believe that sending an army into war with a country is humanitarian..apparently their isnt a building in baghdad that hasnt been bombed..oh u mean that their going to put in a democratic western style capatalist system where guess what they can vote for people put forward by the yanks that do what the yanks say like puppet people…oh yeah blow shit out of a country then offer it humanitarian aid gosh u americans are so kind why didnt adolf hitler think of that it would have been good pr,,oh yeah i forgot hes not a many headed beast like bush obama and the rest of u fucked up thick as shit twats↓
Dear readers/friends,
I don't want to into hypotetically. But I can say this: Obviously Somalia cannot control the activities of criminals on shore or in boats threatening the shipping lanes. A proactive policy to intercept and capture or kill these pirates would send a clear message to other would-be pirates: Risk of death if you try this. Costs for protection to be assessed to each country under whose flag the vessel is regisrered. Ship owners would also be assessed based on tonnage.
The United States can lead this effort and enlist logistical support from other nations. We have the technology; Let's use it.↓
i think we should all join pirates and give the west the big middle finger↓
I am no way condoning the action of the pirates, west are no innocent at all, what were they doing in Somalia in the first place and overtaking their shores. And they are calling Amreicans hostages heroesa nd stars- that is what American liked to be called to me they are craz people. Amreicans are the greatest thieves, thugs and liars that I have ever seen or heard ni my entire life and they are also the real terrorist- terrorising into people territories.
Americans still have their heads up their ass because they believe what their media conveys to them since the Black Hawk happened and the Americans were embarrased against impoverished and war torn country, their more to what meets the eye, somalia doesn't have a form of government and this so called pirates are defending their and guarding their shores and coastlines and any one masquarading should be ransomed(taxed) for stealing Somalis natural resources and if not complying then be ready for the worst to happened!!!! And Ihave learnt that Geneva convention and the Amnesty Internationals are the wives of the West.↓
Dear friend Raffiq. As I said before that I don't want to go into hypotetically on this issue, but if this is fact what you are saying then they put their case through United Nations security council. Thanks.↓
Its Somalia, do you really give a sh*t if these people live or die? Either we can kill them, they will starve or they will kill each other.↓
Dear friends,
With all due respect, I don't think that you guys will advanced to your goel nor your Somali government. The best thing to start is that you have to go through proper authority, or through our President Barack Obama.
Change will not come if you guys wait for some other person or some other time, you are the one you've been waiting for. YOU ARE THE CHANGE THAT YOU SEEK.↓
Well guys this article was interesting. In my opinion, I really believe that commercial ships are going to Somalia to fish the sea dry. I really believe the Somalians are hurting because fishing is their livelyhood. On the other hand, I'm not sure if I believe the story about them dumping nuclear waste. There has to be more solid evidence for me to believe that. If they were dumping waste there, it would be because European countries don't want to dump it in their backyard and contaminate their own waters. Since Somalia borders are not regulated, this would be the best solution instead of dumping it underground on their own soil or in their own waters (dumping it in deep water will still require them to travel a long distance and the containers would have to be strong enough to handle the psi pressure at those depths). You know the propaganda never tells the full story, so what story should you believe? I think you should go look at the full spectrum before making that decision and hopefully you have gathered the most information you can.↓
To dirtyJew… Your comment about their waters being fished out MAY be correct but the issue is not the capture of fishing ships but the capture of world commerce that has a right to pass through that area. Somalians for someone who has been there and seen them first hand are their own worst enemies. No one does more environmental damage to their coastline and waters than they do, no one over fishes that area and does so without concern for the next year's harvest than they do.
Before any of these claims about what others are doing to Somalia can garner any credibility the Somalians first have to stop their criminal actions. We can't expect people to respect the waters and land there if we continue to ignore the horrible things they do in that area. A country rightfully should be the steward for their country before anyone else is expected to do the same.
I see many comments here that are really nothing more than pipe dreams, wishful thinking and misplaced blame.
The simple fact is that possible nuke waste disposal in that area is wrong but it is a different topic. The Somalians should not and cannot be allowed to illegally take what is not theirs, to put other's lives at risk and to continue to behave in this way.
As adults people have to stop this well the US or France or country XYZ does this and that so the Somalians are doing this and that in return.
I do not think many of you (including the author of the article) even remotely understand the situation there. They are a people living in anarchy. They have no government no law no recourse for the thousands of people they victimize in their own country each year.
The criminal actions of Somalians have to be stopped and they will eventually be stopped. And hopefully anyone else in the area committing crimes including any US companies can and should also be brought to justice.
They are not Robin Hood and his merry men they are animals that do great harm to others passing through and even worse things to their own people.
Africa is a continent still full of amazing natural resources. Unfortunately Africans are the biggest abusers of those resources and they aren't even really benefitting. just small pockets of corrupt local officials and the people are the ones suffering.
People typically only know that Nigeria is a place full of fraudsters but there are people in Lagos and Abuja and the surrounding areas that are kind, loving, wonderful people. the same goes for every country within Africa that I have gone to for work. Africa is a sad story… Even sadder is the relatively small amount of locals there that are tearing that country apart with corruption and brutal dictators. Hell slavery is still RAMPANT in Africa.
Authors like the one who wrote this story would be serving the good people of Africa much more were they to do stories about the truth of Africa, their corrupt dictators, tribal hatred, slavery where Blacks sell Blacks to other Blacks.
Wanna help that amazing place? Start telling the truth about how Africans in the various countries there are tearing the very soul out of the land and people. I can think of no other continent that harbors so many destructive, animalistic, corrupt leaders and citizens.
Africa is amazing, truly, we do not serve her well by ignoring what its own residents are doing there.↓
fuck all of u im going to join the pirates↓
Jeanine Bezinque
Wow after reading all this….I ralize I am a very peaceful individual and halfway normal…this was some interesting ,hateful racist,argumentative,political bashing stuff. Peace to you all . And yes I am sure I will get the wrath of fury for saying even thar/that. :)↓
I love when the white racists come out and make up shitty excuses, like that pussy David.↓
I empathize with the Somalian people. Governments, were installed by humans…not lower class animals, as we humans, are the highest class of animals! The U.S.A has a vendetta with vindictive malice!,against Somalia…when their soldiers were being hauled dead along the streets.
Those issues of toxic dumping should be addressed by the U.N & also the U.S. Those nefarious acts are just not right!,& just not fair; to exploit people that have a weak political directorate. When people rebel, they call them terrorist. Why we have so much Muslim extremism…is because of Israel's abuse of the Palestinians. The U.S & the European union"s bias involvement for over 60 years.↓
Akber Kassam,
You are uneducated person and racists, Please don't come back, we have important issues to discussed. Thanks.↓
dont think their is any mulim extremism except on the telly, ive never come across any or met any other than the totally fictisous made up propoganda on the televisions organised war,, after all have u ever met a muslim extremist,,,,and if they can lie about war , they can lie about somalia, they can lie about anything….↓
Hey! Sophomore in high school here!! I'm looking for information FOR MY DEBATE CLASS! LET"S KEEP LANGUAGE AND COMMENTS CLEAN SO I CAN BE PROUD OF MY RESEARCH!!! IF I CITE THIS SOURCE MY COACHES, JUDGES, AND COMPETITORS MIGHT LOOK IT UP AND I WILL LOOK BAD FOR USING IT AS A SOURCE!!!↓
I hope they dump some of the toxic waste on to some of US and western countries coasts' so we get an idea of what its like to be African. The exploitation, imperialism and propaganda by the west toward the pirates is terrible. I could keep going on with this liberal bullshit. I question the sources of information. Vinette don't worry about using this as a source. Remember the liberal education system will probably love this shit.↓
The pirates are hi-jacking these ships in international waters, and kidnapping innocent people for long periods of time. Both of those are wrong, and illegal. If any other country did that war would've been started. Stop using your skin color as a defense, not every caucasian is racist.↓
Gideon's Trumpet
Stop fighting with each other, take a small amount of time to investigate the Somalian Pirates and their armament, note the overwhelming adversaries they face as in combined forces, and then ask yourself; What the hell is really going on in the Gulf of Aden? Far more than is being reported is the likely answer. Nearly every major country in the world is heavily involved. How many times over could they have beaten Somalia into submission? They're not going anywhere anytime soon. Something huge is in the works over there.↓
kamil kemal guller
Thnks Johann.
l used alof of reference frm this article l am in the area and soon will be going in somalia
keep well
kemal guller
Addis Ababa
Umre Fiyatları
It's alright saying "why would they dump waste in Somalian waters?" and "it can't be happening because in my opinion it doesn't make sense"! It is happening, and the west aren't the good guys and Africa the bad guys. When there's an article like this that states facts, a bit of US or UK patriotism doesn't reverse the facts.
Whilst piracy is always wrong, the causes of it by the west can be just as evil, maybe more so.
The west does plenty of bad stuff behind the scenes – and some in public – for it's own interests.
The countries that claim to be the most 'Christian' need to look at what the word means, read what Jesus told his people to do & start doing it. Then the world would change for the better. "Feed the poor, clothe the hungry etc". That's not complicated really, but we are too selfish.
The thing is, life is much better when we look out for the needs of others. Not just for 'them', but for 'us' as well.↓
Don't watch their television (American Idol and the like), they are distracting you and diverting you energies. Try to buy local and not from any nationwide chain (including restaurants). Incorporate yourself to pay less taxes. Help your local policemen and firemen to get to know the New York City policemen and firemen who know firsthand and are eye witnesses to the fact that 9/11 was staged as a false flag event.↓
leaks dammam
I would love to see if these claims are true.Very fascinating to see another perspective on what might be. https://goo.gl/RUjaH8↓
Thanks for sharing .. Liked it :)↓
Great article.I find here good informations.↓
I love pirates seriously thank you so much brother i like your information!↓
telecharger lucky patcher in this page –> https://telechargerluckypatcher.fr/
telecharger aptoide in this one –> https://telechargeraptoide.fr/↓
Aula de Artesanato
They should equip all ships with flamethrowers so we can crispy these guys up↓


text: AMMONNEWS - Prime Minister Hani Mulki said Wednesday that his government is committed to enabling the private sector to have a larger stake in overall economic activity and boosting its competitiveness locally and abroad.Since its formation, the government has been working to broaden the public-private sectors partnership (PPP) to carry out public services projects valued at more than JOD200 million, the prime minister told a meeting with representatives of the private sector, businessmen, development zones companies and investors.In the meeting, the prime minister noted that the government began last year to implement an economic reform program aimed at stimulating economic growth and reforming public finance.He pointed out that the Kingdom's economy has been adversely affected over the past years by several external factors, including the global financial crisis, regional turmoil, border closures, the interruption of the Egyptian gas supply and the Syrian refugee crisis.The national economy grew by about 5.6 per cent between the years 2000 to 2009, but as a result of these factors, economic growth retreated between 2009 and 2016 to about 2.5 per cent, the premier said.He noted that the debt to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ratio rose from about 61 per cent in 2010 to 95.1 per cent in 2016, with an annual increase of about 4.8 per cent. Measures initiated by the government contributed to stabilizing the indebtedness to the GDP, He added.Rising debt-to-GDP ratio and low growth rates call for applying a fiscal reform program and pursuing self-reliance as a strategic objective, Mulki said.The prime minister criticized "ill-conceived" tax exemptions granted to some sectors without having any desirable impact whether prices cuts or higher growth. He underlined the government's commitment to "supporting the citizen and not the commodity", saying a non-Jordanian third of the Kingdom's population benefits from blanket subsidies. Mulki said his government has started to think up a mechanism to channel subsidy to eligible Jordanians.The prime minister briefed the meeting on his government's steps and measures, related to reforming the income tax law, the public sector and employment.The meeting's attendees shared their views on stimulating the economy and raising growth, and briefed the premier on challenges and needs to improve the investment environment.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Joseph H. Durland, 78, of Oregon City, Ore., died Tuesday Aug. 11, 2009, at Oregon Health and Science University hospital in Portland, Ore.
Joseph was born in Hood River, Ore., on June 14, 1931, to William and Ruth Weitman Durland. He was a graduate of Hood River High School, class of 1950, and attended the University of Oregon, earning his bachelor's degree in music in 1954.
After graduation he returned to Hood River and married Blanche F. Martin, also of Hood River, on Sept. 12, 1954. During his residence in Hood River he taught at Wy'east High School, and was a volunteer firefighter for the West Side Fire Department.
Joseph returned to school, earning his master's degree in teaching from Oregon State University. He moved to Oregon City in 1970 to teach automotive at Clackamas Community College, retiring in 1991 after 20 years.
He was a member of the Barbershop Harmony Society, Oregon Trail Pitch Pipers for 28 years and an active volunteer for the Clackamas County Fair and Rodeo.
Joseph is preceded in death by his parents; sibling Wesley; and his wife, Blanche.
Survivors include his siblings, Donald, Stanley, Forest, and Gaylord Durland, June Clapp and Ruth Hendrix; children Marquita Kudrna and Ronald H. Durland; grandchildren Brady Stamps, Keri Kudrna, Laura Kitts, Cassandra, Donald W. and Chyanne Durland; and great-grandchildren.
Services will be held on Monday Aug. 17, at 11 a.m. at Zion Memorial Cemetery in Canby, Ore.
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text:
Recognizing personal standards you live by
You personal standards are reflected in how you treat yourself, and also in how you treat others. They are also reflected in how you expect to be treated by other people.
When you have high standards, you expect to be treated with the highest of regard. However, when your standards are low, it suggests that you are lacking self-esteem. In such instances, you probably allow yourself to fall prey to other people's influence. Other people probably often take advantage of you because you fail to stand up for what you believe. As such, your personal standards are intricately intertwined with your level of self-esteem. Therefore, to raise your self-esteem requires that you first begin by raising your personal standards.
In this episode of Press Plus, we have some useful tips about raising your personal standards to meet your goals.


text:
I have a silver 98 reg manual rs200 that has very minor damage to the front end.
It needs a radiator and pas cooler and a new bumper.
I can't really be bothered to break it and I could do with the money sooner rather than later.
Obviously no tax or mot
I will post up pictures later but for now here is a link to my thread on driftworks.
Mileage is 170k km


text:
Christina Aguilera played host to stars including Katie Holmes and Linda Perry on Wednesday (04Nov15) as she threw a fundraiser for presidential candidate Hillary Clinton at her Los Angeles home.
The singer and her fiance Matthew Rutler opened up their family pad for the political event, with guests also including Muse frontman Matt Bellamy, music mogul Irving Azoff, singer Christina Milian, actress Ambyr Childers, and film producer Randall Emmett.
Aguilera was on double duty at the carnival-themed bash as she also performed her hit Beautiful for the party and teamed up with collaborators Great Big World for a rendition of their track Say Something.
Addressing her famous fans, former First Lady and Secretary of State Clinton said, "The forces against progress never quiet, so we have to fight harder than ever to keep moving our country forward and that isn't possible without your support."
The concert event, which was attended by 400 people, raised $1 million for Democrat Clinton's political campaign.
Aguilera and friends aren't the only stars throwing their support behind Clinton - Demi Lovato and John Legend performed at the politician's 68th birthday party in New York City last month (Oct15), while Jessica Alba, Kate Hudson, Sharon Stone and Lady Gaga have all also campaigned for Clinton.


text:
Find the WeatherMaster color that matches your siding using this tool. First choose the product and then the siding manufacturer. Use the button at the right to create a printable manufacturer's color match sheet. Don't see a color you want? Contact Ashley Sims at 800-877-4583 ext. 1341.
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text:
The Probate Hearings Division serves as the Department's administrative trial court for Indian probate cases. Through formal hearings conducted by administrative law judges and Indian probate judges, and informal proceedings conducted by attorney decision makers, the Division determines the rightful heirs and beneficiaries of decedents who owned property held in trust by the United States on their behalf. The Division determines the validity of wills, decides what claims against the estate will be allowed, and orders distribution of the trust property to those entitled to receive it.
The Division is headed by a Chief Administrative Law Judge located in OHA's Albuquerque office. Its other judges and attorney decision makers are located in seven field offices throughout the West. Its decisions may be appealed to the Interior Board of Indian Appeals.
Contact Information
Probate Hearings Division
Office of Hearings and Appeals
U.S. Department of the Interior
BIA Building II
1011 Indian School Rd. NW, Room 322
Albuquerque, NM 87104
505-563-5330 (voice)
505-563-5341 (facsimile)
Field Offices Contact Information
Key Personnel
Earl J. Waits, Chief Administrative Law Judge
Robert S. Chester, Administrative Law Judge
Larry M. Donovan, Administrative Law Judge
Richard D. Hines, Administrative Law Judge
James L. Yellowtail, Administrative Law Judge
John R. Payne, Supervisory Indian Probate Judge
Thomas K. Pfister, Supervisory Indian Probate Judge
Albert C. Jones, Indian Probate Judge
Janet A. Yazzie, Indian Probate Judge
Leah H. Ware, Indian Probate Judge
Janette C. Elliott, Attorney Decision Maker
Christine Kelly, Supervisory Paralegal Specialist
Procedural Regulations for Cases before the Probate Hearings Division


text:
Name Occurs Before Title
Offscreen Credit
Print Viewed By AFI
J. Edgar
Production Company:
Imagine Entertainment
Malpaso Productions
Production Text:
Distribution Company:
Warner Bros. Pictures
(A TimeWarner Company)
Release Date:
Premiere Information:
Los Angeles and New York openings: 9 Nov 2011
Production Date:
7 Feb 2011 to 30 Mar 2011 [39 shooting days]
Duration (in mins):
MPAA Rating:
United States
Physical Properties:
Dolby® Digital; Datasat Digital Sound; SDDS Sony Dynamic Digital Sound in selected theatres
Filmed with Panavision® cameras and lenses; prints by Technicolor®
Clint Eastwood
Brian Grazer
Robert Lorenz
Tim Moore
(Exec prod)
Erica Huggins
(Exec prod)
Clint Eastwood
Tim Moore
(Unit prod mgr)
David M. Bernstein
(1st asst dir)
Paula Case
(2d asst dir)
Alison C. Rosa
(Addl 2d asst dir, Washington DC unit)
Kevin Michael O'Neil
(2d 2d asst dir)
Dustin Lance Black
Tom Stern
(Dir of photog)
Stephen S. Campanelli
(Cam/Steadicam op)
Bill Coe
(Cam 1st asst)
Robert A. McMahan
(Cam 2d asst)
Trevor Carroll-Coe
(Cam loader)
Ross Dunkerley
(Chief lighting tech)
John Dallas Lacy
(Asst chief lighting tech)
John R. Priebe
(Rigging gaffer)
Iain O'Higgins
(Rigging best boy)
Charles Saldaña, III
(Key grip)
Douglas L. Wall
(Best boy grip)
Greg Brooks
(Dolly grip)
T. D. Scaringi
(Rigging key grip)
Steele Hunter
(Rigging grip best boy)
Keith Bernstein
(Still photog)
Chapman/Leonard Studio Equipment, Inc.
(Camera cranes & dollies by)
Sequioia Illumination
(Lighting equipment provided by)
Art Direction:
James J. Murakami
(Prod des)
Patrick M. Sullivan, Jr.
(Supv art dir)
Greg Berry
(Art dir)
Carol Kiefer
(Art dept coord)
Karen Teneyck
(Graphic des)
Film Editor:
Joel Cox
Gary D. Roach
Blu Murray
(Asst film ed)
David S. Cox
(Asst film ed)
AVID Media Composer
(Edited on the)
Set Decoration:
Gary Fettis
(Set dec)
Mike Sexton
(Prop master)
Kevin Shaw
(Asst prop master)
Scott Guyson
(Asst prop master)
Michael John Schenk
(Asst prop master)
Michael A. Muscarella
(Const coord)
Joe Fama
(Gen foreman)
Chuck Eskridge
(Standby painter)
Lazar Samarzich
(Greens coord)
Robert B. Samarzich
(Greens foreman)
Joseph P. Benitez
(Labor foreman)
Jerrold F. Brooks
(Propmaker foreman)
Mike Webster
(Plaster foreman)
Scott Bobbitt
Jeffrey Kushon
Leslie Carol Warren
(Set dresser)
Richard Andrade
(Set dresser)
Jason Bedig
(Set dresser)
Larry Haney
(Set dresser)
Ty A. Jones
(Set dresser)
Greg Lynch
(Set dresser)
Mitchell Myers
(Set dresser)
Eric Ramirez
(Set dresser)
Skylar Schmidt
(Set dresser)
Robert Sica
(Set dresser)
Ronald Sica
(Set dresser)
Merdyce McClaran
(On set dresser)
Geoff Hubbard
(Set des)
David Moreau
(Set des)
Lauren Polizzi
(Set des)
Deborah Hopper
(Cost des)
Terry Anderson
(Asst cost des)
Deborah Cha Blevins
(Cost supv)
Cookie Lopez Fahey
(Mr. DiCaprio's cost)
Tangi Crawford
(Key cost)
Bob Iannaccone
(Key cost)
Corey C. Bronson
(Set cost)
Ann Culotta
(Set cost)
Antonio Almaraz
Amy Arnold
Matt Chase
Carmen Frost
Adrienne Greshock
Monica Haynes-Nino
Kim M. Holly
Marcy Rector
Clint Eastwood
Gennady Loktionov
(Arr by)
Ashley Irwin
(Orch and cond by)
Chris McGeary
(Mus ed)
Bobby Fernandez
(Music scoring mixer)
Alan Robert Murray
(Supv sd ed)
Bub Asman
(Supv sd ed)
Jose Antonio Garcia
(Sd mixer)
Jonathan Lee-Ger Fuh
(Boom op)
Gail Carroll-Coe
(Boom op)
Katy Wood
(Supv dial ed)
Hugo Weng
(Dial ed)
David Bach
(Supv ADR ed)
Jason King
(Sd eff ed)
Bryan Watkins
(Sd eff ed)
Kevin R. W. Murray
(Asst sd ed)
Bill Cawley
(Asst sd ed)
Michael Dressel
(Supv foley ed)
F. Hudson Miller
(Foley ed)
Dan O'Connell
(Foley artist)
John Cucci
(Foley artist)
John Reitz
(Re-rec mixer)
Gregg Rudloff
(Re-rec mixer)
Ryan Murphy
(Mix tech)
Tony Pilkington
(Re-rec eng)
John Paul Fasal
(Loc sd eff mixer)
James Ashwill
(Foley mixer)
Richard Duarte
(Foley mixer)
Thomas J. O'Connell
(ADR mixer)
Special Effects:
Michael Owens
(Visual eff supv)
Steven Riley
(Spec eff supv)
Ryan Riley
(Spec eff foreman)
Roger Lifsey
(Spec eff foreman)
Ante Dugandzic
(Spec eff tech)
Ryan D. Compton
(Spec eff tech)
Liz Radley
(Video & computer graphics supv)
PJF Productions, Inc.
(Titles by)
Method Studios Vancouver
(Visual eff and digital animation by)
Ollie Rankin
(Visual eff supv, Method Studios Vancouver)
Geoffrey Hancock
(Visual eff supv, Method Studios Vancouver)
Fiona Foster
(Visual eff prod, Method Studios Vancouver)
Aaron Kramer
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Alexis Chapman
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Allan Lee
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Andrew Chang
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Curtis Tsai
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Daniel Jackson
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Darshan Mehta
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
David Aiken
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
David Cho
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Felix Dodd
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Heather Behl Cameron
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Ian Sorensen
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Jean Lapointe
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
John Cairns
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Jose Yapor
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Julian Green
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Karl Coyner
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Kay Cloud
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Kimberley Liptrap
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Kristin Dearholt
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Kuba Roth
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Laurel Montgomery
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Lisa Nolan
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Lorna Carmichael
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Marco Cantaluppi
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Michael Mulock
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Mike Borgstrom
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Mike Yip
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Min Hyun Cha
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Na Song
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Pau Rocher
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Paulo Welter
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Peter Hart
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Peter D. Hunt
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Peter Toufidis
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Roberto Gracia
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Sanghun Kwon
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Stephen James
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Tia Hoshizaki
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Tong Zhou
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Tristan Porter
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Veronica Marino
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Victor Barbosa
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Vincent Papix
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Viviana Palacios
(Visual eff, Method Studios Vancouver)
Lola Visual Effects
(Visual eff by)
Edson Williams
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Thomas Nittmann
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Max Leonard
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Casey Allen
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Scott Balkcom
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Clark Parkhurst
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Holli Alvarado
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Trent Claus
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Brian Hajek
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Rob Olsson
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Chris Ingersoll
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Jeremiah Sweeney
(Visual eff, Lola Visual Effects)
Make Up:
Jack Taggart
(Head ager/Dyer)
Bren Cook
Sian Grigg
(Mr. DiCaprio's make-up artist and prosthetic effs)
Duncan Jarman
(Mr. DiCaprio's make-up artist and prosthetic effs)
Tania McComas
(Make-up dept head)
Zoë Hay
(Make-up artist)
Stephanie Fowler
(Make-up artist)
Jay Wejebe
(Make-up artist)
Alessandro Bertolazzi
(Ms. Watt's make-up artist)
Carol A. O'Connell
(Hair dept head)
Patricia Dehaney
Terry Baliel
Kathryn L. Blondell
(Mr. DiCaprio's hairstylist)
Production Misc:
Fiona Weir
Dagmar Wittmer
(Casting, Washington DC unit)
Alice Searby
(Casting assoc)
Geoffrey Miclat
(Casting assoc-New York)
Jackie Sollitto
(Casting asst)
Tony Hobbs
(Extras casting)
Mable Lawson McCrary
(Scr supv)
Kristina Rivera
(Asst to Mr. Eastwood)
Jessica Meier
(Asst to Mr. Lorenz)
Danielle Zloto
(Asst to Mr. Grazer)
Tony X. Deale
(Asst to Mr. Moore)
Joey Slamon
(Asst to Ms. Huggins)
Holly Hagy
(Supv prod coord)
Austin Lapierre
(Asst prod coord)
May Tam
(Prod coord, Washington DC unit)
Chuck Webb
(Set staff asst)
Crystal Munson
(Set staff asst)
Rachel McDonald
(Set staff asst)
Jason Suhrke
(Set staff asst)
Jeff Hubbard
(Set staff asst)
Sean Yopchick
(Set staff asst)
Max Deleo
(Set staff asst)
Lucas Urgoiti
(Prod secy)
Kyle D. Crosby
(Prod secy, Washington DC unit)
Jason S. Gondek
(Prod accountant)
Kristin Gomez
(1st asst prod accountant)
Landon Trawny
(Asst accountant)
Beatriz Madrigal
(Asst accountant)
Krystine Karns
(Asst accountant)
Elizabeth Ridley Hagan
(2d asst accountant, Washington DC unit)
Patrick O. Mignano
(Loc mgr)
Michael James Masumoto
(Key asst loc mgr)
Neale Fishback
(Key asst loc mgr)
Kyle Oliver
(Key asst loc mgr)
Carol Flaisher
(Asst loc mgr, Washington DC unit)
Scott Nelson
(FBI tech adv)
Carla Meyer
(Dialect coach to Mr. DiCaprio)
Jason Irizarry
(Security/Asst to Mr. DiCaprio)
Jean-Louis Rodrigue
(Mr. DiCaprio's movement specialist)
Jill Remis
(Asst to Mr. DiCaprio)
Lauren Porcelli
(Asst to Ms. Watts)
Pat Jackson
(Studio teacher)
Larry L. Stelling
(Transportation coord)
Alana Weathers
(Transportation capt)
Dom Rodriguez
(Transportation capt)
Ronald B. Dinson
(Picture car captain)
Mark McSorley
(Staff asst)
Joe Mason
(Staff asst)
June Suepunpuck
(Staff asst)
Adee Serrao
(Staff asst)
Lily Fettis
(Staff asst)
Joe Rogan
(Staff asst)
Tony's Food Service
Nancy James
(Craft service)
Brian K. Stuart
(Craft service)
Ferguson Reid M.D.
(Set medic)
Linda Stelling
(Set medic)
Stand In:
Buddy Van Horn
(Stunt coord)
Kevin Patrick Burke
Jody Hart
Dustin J. Meier
René Paul Mousseux
Christopher Tardieu
Brian Avery
Tim James
Rick McCallum
Brett Jones
Justin Gant
Matthew R. Anderson
Thayr Harris
Chuck Waters
Dalton Simons
Larry Holt
J. Mark Donaldson
Dennis Fitzgerald
Jacob Chambers
Color Personnel:
Jill Bogdanowicz
(Digital intermediate colorist)
Bob Peishel
(Digital intermediate prod)
Mark Sahagun
(Digital intermediate ed)
Music Text:
"Goldberg Variation No. 2," written by Johann Sebastian Bach, performed by Gennady Loktionov; "At Sundown," written by Walter Donaldson, performed by George Olsen and His Music, courtesy of RCA, by arrangement with Sony Music Licensing; "The Stars and Stripes Forever," written by John Philip Sousa, arranged by Lennie Niehaus.
Song Text:
"My Blue Heaven," written by Walter Donaldson and George Whiting, performed by Gene Austin, courtesy of RCA, by arrangement with Sony Music Licensing; "I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles," written by John Kellette, James Kendis, James Brockman and Nat Vincent; "Red Sails in the Sunset," written by James Kennedy and Hugh Williams, performed by Kyle Eastwood, Joe Bagg, Kye Palmer and Jason Harnell; "I Only Have Eyes for You," written by Harry Warren and Al Dubin, performed by Kyle Eastwood, Joe Bagg, Kye Palmer and Jason Harnell.
Source Text:
Music Composer:
Johann Sebastian Bach
James Brockman
Walter Donaldson
Al Dubin
John Kellette
James Kendis
James Kennedy
John Philip Sousa
Nat Vincent
Harry Warren
George Whiting
Hugh Williams
Leonardo DiCaprio
(J. Edgar Hoover)
Naomi Watts
(Helen Gandy)
Judi Dench
(Annie Hoover)
Armie Hammer
(Clyde Tolson)
Josh Lucas
(Charles Lindbergh)
Dermot Mulroney
(Colonel Schwarzkopf)
Jeffrey Donovan
(Robert Kennedy)
Denis O'Hare
(Albert Osborne)
Stephen Root
(Arthur Koehler)
Zach Grenier
(John Condon)
Damon Herriman
(Bruno Hauptmann)
Lea Thompson
(Lela Rogers)
Ken Howard
(Harlan Fiske Stone)
Josh Hamilton
(Robert Irwin)
Jessica Hecht
(Emma Goldman)
Geoff Pierson
(Mitchell Palmer)
Michael O'Neill
(Senator McKellar)
Cheryl Lawson
(Palmer's wife)
Kaitlyn Dever
(Palmer's daughter)
Brady Matthews
Gunner Wright
(Dwight Eisenhower)
David A. Cooper
(Franklin Roosevelt)
Ed Westwick
(Agent Smith)
Kelly Lester
(Head secretary)
Jack Donner
(Edgar's father)
Dylan Burns
(Hoover as a child)
Jordan Bridges
(Labor Dept. lawyer)
Jack Axelrod
Josh Stamberg
(Agent Stokes)
Michael James Faradie
(Bureau agent [1919])
Christian Clemenson
(Inspector Schell)
Billy Smith
(Secret Service officer)
Michael Rady
(Agent Jones)
Scot Carlisle
(Agent Williams)
Geoff Stults
(Raymond Caffrey)
Sadie Calvano
(Edgar's niece)
Allen Nabors
(Agent Appel)
Ryan McPartlin
(Lawrence Richey)
William Bebow
(Mr. Walters)
Joseph Culliton
(Credit director)
Scott Johnston
Tom Archdeacon
Mike Vaughn
(Balding agent)
Miles Fisher
(Agent Garrison)
Stephen F. Schmidt
(NJ officer)
Johnny Cicco
(Young agent)
Kahil Dotay
(Elmer Irey)
Lea Coco
(Agent Sisk)
Scott C. Roe
(Wiretap agent)
Ernest Harden, Jr.
(Hoover's driver)
Roberta E. Bassin
(Roosevelt's secretary)
Steve Monroe
(Restaurant host)
Christopher Lee Philips
Sean Murphy
(Truck driver)
Gary Werntz
(Attorney general)
David Clennon
(Senator Friendly)
Eric Larkin
(Fred Hunter)
Manu Intiraymi
(Alvin Karpis)
Eric Frentzel
(William Mahan)
Michael Klinger
(Harry Brunette)
Evan Charest
Emily Alyn Lind
(Shirley Temple)
Stork Club band
Kyle Eastwood
Joe Bagg
Kye Palmer
Jason Harnell
Michael Gladis
(Stork Club owner)
Jamie Labarber
(Ginger Rogers)
Amanda Schull
(Anita Colby)
Craig Zucchero
(Man at the counter)
Gregory Hoyt
(Agent One)
Jeff Cockey
(Agent Two)
Gerald Downey
(FBI agent)
Brennan Coulter
(Newspaper boy)
Jenny Phagan
(Baker's wife)
Tom Christensen
(Theatre cashier)
Chris Caputo
(Bronx baker)
Austin Basis
(Bank teller)
Adam Driver
(Walter Lyle)
Shannon McClain
(African American woman)
Justin Alston
(African American man)
Eric Matheny
Ary Katz
(Agent Owens)
Duncan Hood
(Radio announcer)
Aaron Lazar
(Prosecutor Wilentz)
Ernest Heinz
(Jury foreman)
Teresa Hegji
(Hauptmann's wife)
Thomas Langston
(Young boy)
Robert Fleet
(Edgar's mother's doctor)
Joe Keyes
(Edgar's brother)
Christopher Shyer
(Richard Nixon)
Maxine Weldon
(Hoover's maid)
Larkin Campbell
(H.R. Haldemann)
Mark Thomason
(Nixon aide)
After lecturing Robert Irwin about the evils of communism, an elderly J. Edgar Hoover begins dictating his memoirs to an agent from the Bureau's PR arm. Hoover's tale begins in 1919 when his first boss, Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer, and his family are almost killed by a bomb blast at their home. Palmer was the target of Bolsheviks and, while watching police officers carelessly destroy evidence at the scene, Hoover decides to dedicate his life to improving forensic investigation. Palmer recognizes Hoover's ambition and has the young up-and-comer create a new anti-radical division at the Department of Justice to fight the red menace. Hoover attempts to impress new DOJ secretary Helen Gandy. Taking her to the Library of Congress, he shows off the card catalog system he devised for the library. While Helen appears impressed with his accomplishment, she rebuffs his romantic gestures. So, rather than proposing marriage, Hoover asks Helen to become his personal secretary. A year into his new job, Hoover sets his sights on Emma Goldman, the ringleader of the radical Bolshevik movement. Having her hauled in front of a congressional panel, Goldman pleads the fifth regarding her anarchist agenda, for which she is promptly deported. Then, on a raid on a communist meetinghouse in Patterson, NJ, Hoover flaunts his authority by handing out firearms to federal agents who are prohibited from carrying guns. In the ensuing melee, 4,000 radicals are arrested and 500 are deported. However, due to the controversy over the carrying of guns, most of the agents and Palmer lose their jobs. The new Attorney General, Harlan Fiske Stone, impressed by Hoover's dedication, makes the young man the first Acting Director of the new Bureau of Investigation. One new recruit that Hoover is anxious to interview personally is Clyde Tolson, a promising law school graduate. At his first interview with Tolson, Hoover begins sweating profusely and berates the applicant for showing a lack of commitment to anything other than himself in his application. Still, the two men bond easily and Tolson is soon helping his new boss pick out his clothes at a men's store. Flashing forward to the 1930s, Hoover turns his sights from communists to gangsters. He is particularly annoyed by public opinion that romanticizes the outlaws' behavior. However, his public service message is booed by audiences who cheer the movie trailer for
The Public Enemy
. Then, when the baby of American hero Charles Lindbergh is kidnapped, Hoover and Tolson travel to the Lindberghs' New Jersey mansion to help with the investigation. However, they are instantly rebuffed by local authorities, who are horribly contaminating the evidence in Hoover's eyes. Returning to Washington, Hoover gives passionate testimony to Congress to make kidnapping a federal crime and to have fingerprints made by police be sent to a centralized file in Washington. On his own, Hoover also founds the agency's first science lab. After Hoover meets for the first time with Franklin D. Roosevelt, he shares with Tolson the good news that the newly elected president has given him the power to spy on suspected agitators without warrant. Hoover also promotes Tolson to Associate Director of the Bureau. Back in New Jersey, a man finds the skeleton of a baby just a few dozen yards from Lindbergh's home. The skeleton has had its skull bashed in, proving Hoover's theory that the kidnapper fell down the ladder the night of the kidnapping. Six weeks later, Congress makes kidnapping a federal crime and gives federal agents the power to carry guns. However, at another Congressional hearing, Senator McKellar grills Hoover over recent pop culture depictions of G-Men, such as comic books illustrating Hoover carrying a machine gun and arresting criminals. While Hoover claims that is an exaggeration, he immediately sets about making the legend match the man. After wielding his own gun while arresting a gangster, Hoover makes sure to give reporters the scoop on his feats of derring-do. Soon, the public's tastes have turned from applauding gangsters as the heroes of films to applauding federal agents. Riding home from the premiere of the movie
in NYC, Hoover and Tolson hold hands in the back of their limousine. When the two men later go to a nightclub and two women make sexual advances toward Hoover, he rushes back to his hotel in embarrassment. As Hoover stammers and stutters trying to explain to his mother that he doesn't like to dance with women, she reminds him of a boy Hoover used to know who committed suicide after being accused of being a homosexual. Mrs. Hoover says she'd rather have a dead son than a queer one. Meanwhile, Hoover's real G-Men begin zeroing in on a German immigrant, Bruno Richard Hauptmann, who bought the material to build the ladder used in the Lindbergh kidnapping. At last, Hoover personally captures Hauptman and the immigrant is placed on trial. In the '60s, as Hoover is listening to an illicit wiretap recording of John F. Kennedy and his mistress making love, he receives the tragic news that the president has been shot in Dallas. Following the assassination, Hoover and Tolson go to a horse race. After watching a similar race when they're younger men, Hoover and Tolson relax in their hotel room until Hoover drops the bombshell that he's going to propose to actress Dorothy Lamour. Tolson smashes his cocktail glass against the fireplace and screams angrily. Hoover punches him in the face and their struggle escalates into an intense wrestling match that only ends when Tolson passionately kisses Hoover on the lips. Tolson leaves, no matter how much Hoover begs him to stay. Back in the '60s, Tolson has a stroke at the racetrack. While he recuperates, Hoover explains how he's going to threaten Martin Luther King, whom Hoover considers a communist agitator, with some embarrassing audiotapes, so that the civil rights leader will be forced to refuse his Nobel Peace Prize. In the meantime, another agent from the PR department arrives to continue with Hoover's memoir, picking up with the trial of Hauptmann. Forensic evidence from Hoover's science team makes up the bulk of the evidence against the German immigrant, who is found guilty and sentenced to death. In the '60s, Hoover is disappointed when, despite his best efforts to threaten him, Martin Luther King accepts his Nobel Peace Prize. At the office, Hoover is becoming progressively weaker. Feeling ill, he flashes back to the day his mother died peacefully in her own bed under the care of her doctor. Distraught, he tries on his mother's dress and jewelry, but curses at the image of himself in female attire in the mirror. Following Nixon's inauguration, Hoover worries that the new president will gut the bureau and crucify him personally. Helen dutifully vows to destroy all of Hoover's files should something terrible happen to him. At dinner with Tolson, Hoover reveals that instead of crucifying him, Nixon wants the FBI to expand its wiretapping operations to include reporters. Instead of being happy, Tolson suggests that Hoover retire, so that the FBI chief can exit a hero and not be kicked out in disgrace someday. He worries that Hoover's own self-invented mythology (another agent actually arrested Bruno Hauptmann) will some day catch up with him. Although annoyed by Tolson's words, Hoover reminisces about his original job interview with Tolson and of how he began to sweat when he realized that he would need to rely on Tolson for the rest of his life. Before leaving, Hoover gently kisses Tolson on the forehead. The next day, a presidential aide informs Nixon that Hoover has, in fact, died. Tolson visits Hoover's body, which still lies on the bedroom floor. Tolson pulls the bedspread off and covers his lover's body up. As Nixon gives a touching televised speech about Hoover's passing, White House agents raid the dead man's office for his files, but Helen has dutifully shredded everything. As a final remembrance, Tolson reads a love poem that reminds him of Hoover.
Subject Major:
Bolshevists and Bolshevism
Charles A. Lindbergh
J. Edgar Hoover
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
Subject Minor:
Emma Goldman
Library of Congress (Washington, D.C.)
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Patterson (N.J.)
Richard M. Nixon
Robert F. Kennedy
United States. Congress
Unrequited love
Washington (D.C.)
In a dual interview with Addie Morfoot in a 9 Dec 2011
"Eye on the Oscars: Best Picture" item, Brian Grazer and Robert Lorenz talked about how the film came about. Grazer stated that, "I had been thinking about making a movie on Hoover for a year when I approached Dustin Lance Black [to write the screenplay]." In an article by Randee Dawn in the 15 Dec 2011
it is stated that Black began work on the screenplay in 2008 and wrote "around five drafts" over a period of two years. The producers told Morfoot that Warner Bros. was "behind the film," but "wanted to make it at a smart price." Bringing Clint Eastwood into the project enabled the film to get made on a $35 million budget. "He shoots movies in the most efficient way possible. We actually came in under budget, and he shot it in 39 days."
Borys Kit, in an 11 Mar 2011
story announced that Clint Eastwood was signed to direct, but noted that the film was "initially set up at Universal and did not currently have a studio affiliation, although it was speculated that the film would end up at Warner Bros., where Eastwood's Malpaso Productions was headquartered.
Leonardo DiCaprio dropped his usual fee from $20 million to $2 million according to unnamed sources cited in the 11 Nov 2011
article. Some of the star's makeup sessions for scenes involving the aged J. Edgar Hoover required as many as six hours in the makeup chair.
Although the film is set in Washington, DC, only a few scenes were shot on location in that city. The Library of Congress and the view from the balcony of J. Edgar Hoover's former office were among the few actual locations filmed, according to studio production notes in the files of the AMPAS library. According to the 11 Nov 2011
, the Library of Congress scenes were shot on 27 Mar 2011, the only day LOC would allow the company to shoot there. The courthouse in Warrenton, VA, served as the exterior of the New Jersey courthouse for scenes related to the Bruno Hauptmann trial, while interiors for this sequence were shot inside the old Orange County Courthouse at 211 W. Santa Ana Blvd. in Santa Ana, CA. Other Washington, DC area locations included The Plains, for the Lindbergh estate and Arlington, VA for some historic neighborhoods. However, most of the film was shot in and around Los Angeles. The hallway of the Department of Justice and several office sets were constructed on Stage 16 at Warner Bros. Stand-in Los Angeles locations included The Cicada Restaurant at 617 S. Olive Street, which doubled for New York's Stork Club; the Park Plaza Hotel at 607 South Park View Street, which served as the men's department of Garfinkel's department store and the U.S. Senate chambers; the Pico House at 430 North Main Street, which served as a Kansas City train station; the interior of The Smoke House Restaurant at 4420 West Lakeside Drive, Burbank, CA was also used.
A 19 Oct 2011 article by Dave McNary in
announced that the film would have its official world premiere at AFI Fest on 3 Nov 2011.
Writing in the 21 Nov 2011 issue of
, Andrew Stewart stated that Warner Bros. would be "sticking with its 'Mystic River' gameplan," opening the film mid-week at seven locations two days before expanding to 1,910 screens. Adding that
J. Edgar
added a few additional locations, expanding to 1,947 screens in its second weekend. The film had grossed $14.1 million as of 16 Nov 2011.
Daily Variety
19 Oct 2011.
Daily Variety
4 Nov 2011
p. 2, 42.
Daily Variety
9 Dec 2011.
Hollywood Reporter
11 Mar 2011.
Hollywood Reporter
11 Nov 2011
Hollywood Reporter
18 Nov 2011
p. 58.
Los Angeles Times
9 Nov 2011.
Los Angeles Times
15 Dec 2011.
New York Times
9 Nov 2011
p. 1.
21 Nov 2011.
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This is a good way to make your students speak....individually, to each other. I sometimes join to the whole fun ))))))))
You can do it as a number game asking students to call out numbers and giving them a question to answer or to ask a classmate to answer. You can also devise some follow-up questions.


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The earliest and most crucial tasks during rehabilitation are to ensure that the prosthesis fits properly and the skin gradually develops a tolerance to the socket.
Your rehabilitation team at the UPMC Rehabilitation Institute will play an important role in this process and in your entire rehab journey.
Your physical therapists will become a vital part of your recovery.
Some of the areas that physical therapists focus on include:
A physical therapist will teach you how to:
He or she will also manage prosthetic wear time progression during your rehabilitation stay.
Your wear time of the prosthesis will gradually increase based on your treatment plan established by the rehabilitation team. You'll often start with a wear time of 15 to 30 minutes twice a day, increasing by 15 to 30 minutes based on your skin integrity.
A physical therapist will instruct you on a therapeutic exercise program to stretch and strengthen the muscles around your hip, knee, back, and trunk.
The physical therapist will gradually progress your exercises in order to strengthen your stump and remaining leg and arms, and improve your balance.
During these exercises, it is best to dress in comfortable, unrestrictive clothing.
An occupational therapist will assist you in addressing your self-care needs and activities of daily living, including:
An occupational therapist may recommend and train you to use a variety of specialty equipment — such as a raised toilet seat and inspection mirror — to:
Your rehabilitation team will assist you in adapting to community re-entry through mobility training in a variety of settings, such as:
They'll also help you make arrangements for environmental modifications if needed, including:
Before you leave, we'll also provide you with information on resources to help you manage and cope with the transition to everyday life challenges, such as:
Our experts are with you at each phase of recovery after an amputation.
We integrate outpatient follow-up with local and national prosthetic companies who make prostheses.
Additionally, through the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation our doctors can:
Also, our research on complications after amputation have helped us to improve protocols for evaluating abnormal bone formation in the residual limb.
Affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences
| Supplemental content provided by Healthwise, Incorporated. To learn more, visit www.healthwise.org
For help in finding a doctor or health service that suits your needs, call the UPMC Referral Service at 412-647-UPMC (8762) or 1-800-533-UPMC (8762). Select option 1.
UPMC is an equal opportunity employer. UPMC policy prohibits discrimination or harassment on the basis of race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, age, sex, genetics, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status, familial status, disability, veteran status, or any other legally protected group status. Further, UPMC will continue to support and promote equal employment opportunity, human dignity, and racial, ethnic, and cultural diversity. This policy applies to admissions, employment, and access to and treatment in UPMC programs and activities. This commitment is made by UPMC in accordance with federal, state, and/or local laws and regulations.
Medical information made available on UPMC.com is not intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. You should not rely entirely on this information for your health care needs. Ask your own doctor or health care provider any specific medical questions that you have. Further, UPMC.com is not a tool to be used in the case of an emergency. If an emergency arises, you should seek appropriate emergency medical services.
Pittsburgh, PA, USA | UPMC.com


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To see past issues of Ventures, please visit our archives page.
Let us know what you think of Ventures. Send an email: email@example.com. Send a letter: 10 Fawcett Street, Suite 204, Cambridge, MA 02138 . Customer service and change of address: Please call us at +1 617.625.7080 or, toll-free, at +1 800.931.9951. Back issues, reprints and permissions: contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Stella McCartney Lingerie
After a successful tenure as Creative Director of Chloe Paris, Stella McCartney launched her own fashion house in 2001.
A lifelong vegetarian, Stella McCartney does not use any leather or fur in her designs. Her collections include women's rtw, accessories, fragrance, eyewear, kids and a sports performance line in collaboration with adidas. Stella McCartney has built a reputation on her expert tailoring and ethical approach to materials.
Passionate about lingerie, Stella McCartney launched her lingerie line in collaboration with Bendon in 2008.
The collections combine unique design sensibility, a signature colour palette and attention to detail, with expert functionality and fit to create aspirational styles that reflect a modern woman's lingerie needs.
Effortlessly cool, comfortable, and made to last, the collection reflects the designer's signature style of natural confidence and sexy femininity.


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Several Harriman City Council members said they wish the city had held a public hearing on a resolution proposing changes to the Harriman City Charter.
That didn't stop the resolution, which includes provisions for a city manager form of government, from approval last week.
If you currently subscribe or have subscribed in the past to the Roane County News, then simply find your account number on your mailing label and enter it below.
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- Description
- 29er's to SuperSixes, this one'll git 'er done
- Stable, all-steel base with no-slip foot contact pads
- Easy-to-read, two-inch, base-mounted gauge
- HeadMaster Presta- and Schrader-compatible locking valve head requires no disassembly
Primera Review
If you like Cannondales you will love this floor pump. Works very well and easy to use. Does what you would expect and gets your tyres upto the correct pressure with very little effort. Running your tyres at the correct pressure gives you a better ride and makes your tyres last longer. Everyone needs a floor pump in the garage, car or kit bag.
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- Delivery
This item is available for International delivery. Read more.
UK orders are sent using Royal Mail Tracked 48, Royal Mail Recorded or Royal Mail letter post for small, light orders and Parcelforce for heavier, bulky orders. Please allow approx 2-3 days for delivery after the order has been despatched. Large and heavy items, e.g turbo trainers and work stands, will be sent by Parcelforce (UK Mainland only). Overseas orders are sent using Royal Mail International Signed For service and Royal Mail Airsure service (where permitting). Heavier items e.g. bicycles are sent using Parcelforce Worldwide. Delivery times will vary depending on destination, customs clearance, local postal service etc. Please allow up to 14 working days for delivery. Postage costs include Insurance for the value of the order. Bicycles sent within the UK are sent by Parcelforce 48 Hour Service.


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Sewer & Drain Cleaning Morganton, North Carolina
When you have a clogged drain, there are several ways to handle the problem. You may try to solve this on your own, and at-home solutions are always an option. However, they may not get to the root, or treat the source, of the problem. A clogged drain may be a symptom of a larger problem.
Your household drains can easily get clogged over time. In kitchen sinks, grease, soap scum, and another buildup can impact your pipes, causing blockages. Showers, tubs, sinks, and toilets can also become clogged all too simply. Perhaps the problem is a clogged or damaged sewer cleanout situated near your home, or a capped pipe that provides access to a sewer line.
Environmental factors and general wear and tear can also cause your sewer lines to become clogged. When your plumbing seems to be at a standstill, you need a cleaning service that can come in and tackle the problem thoroughly and efficiently. The best solution then is to consider sewer and drain cleaning services Morganton with Benjamin Franklin Plumbing.
During the process, we will locate your home's cleanout plug in your sewer system and flush out the waste that is causing the blockage. We will also relieve the pressure on the cleanout plug.
After we are sure that your system has been thoroughly relieved of residue and clogs, we will test the drainage.
If water drainage continues to be troublesome, we will continue the process until your plumbing system is running smoothly.
Benjamin Franklin Morganton is BBB Accredited
Our professionals at Benjamin Franklin Plumbing Morganton are BBB Certified for Water Treatment since 2011. This means that BBB has determined that Benjamin Franklin Plumbing meets the BBB accreditation standards. These standards include a commitment to make any effort to resolve any customer needs.
In addition, our professionals are equipped with the right tools and the right knowledge to understand and fully address draining cleaning complications and repairs. Our service trucks are equipped to handle both common and uncommon issues, and repairs can be completed within one business day.
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Benjamin Franklin Sewer and Drain cleaning Morganton is strongly committed to prompt service. If there's any delay, it's you we pay! When you've got a clog, it can clog your whole day, and you want the problem solved fast. That is why we guarantee we'll be there on time for your scheduled appointment, or we'll pay you $5 for every minute we're late (up to a $300 value).
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For the highest quality plumbing services, callBenjamin Franklin Plumbing Morganton today at (800) 681-6474 or request an appointment!
At Benjamin Franklin Plumbing, we provide high-quality sewer & drain cleaning services in Morganton, Hickory, Chesterfield, Lenoir, and Valdese, North Carolina.


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It was the sixth time this season the Rams have conceded six goals, and Jewell admitted it was a familiar story at Pride Park.
He told Setanta Sports: "In the first half we were terrific but it took so much out of us."
Copyright (c) PA Sport 2008, All Rights Reserved.
Do YOU want to write for GiveMeSport? Get started today by signing-up and submitting an article HERE: https://www.givemesport.com/writeforgms


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I am a Senior developer for the "Guard Duty" and "Operation: Black Mesa" mod teams. I joined Guard Duty in June of 2010 and OBM in July of 2011. My main focus and skill set lies with Level Design, though I also create world textures and 3D props as well. I have been Source mapping since 2006 and have been creating textures for nearly just as long. My skillset with 3D modeling has been gaining ground since May 2011. Level Design, and video games in general, are truly a great passion of mine. I am always striving to learn more and become the best artist I can be, so that one day I can achieve a career doing what I love.
For people and teams developing mods and games with Valve's Source engine.
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All of the thanks to goes to Carnius for a great mod, I am thankful that you are kind enough to make this for me and the rest of the CNC community, without...
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Welcome to Tripmine studios group. More info will be added later on.
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A group for all those Opposing force fans that are still around. Everyone that at least likes Opposing force are welcome. No spaming, or posting silly...
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Looking for rental villas in Hanoi? Choose unfurnished or fully equipped privately owned villas for rent from online updated listings, then phone our brokers to see available options on the spot.
Find Hanoi villa for rent, uncover detached or semi-detached homes at Sai Dong, Viet Hung, Long Bien: Queen Crape-myrtle (Bang Lang), Flamboyant (Hoa Phuong), Milk-white Flower (Hoa Sua), Orchid (Hoa Lan), Sakura (Anh Dao). Each one boasts a romantic neoclassical decor, amazing river views and so forth.
We provide a vast number of Splendora An Khanh low priced home FOR RENT, various bedroom sizes, modest balconies. The compound is about 1 km away from Thang Long Highway, 10.3 km reaching Big C Tran Duy Hung (Roughly 10 minutes drive), 18.2 km arriving Ngoc Son Temple (Hoan Kiem district).
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Hanoi self-catering villa for rent sited only 3km away from NCC, this luxury residential villa is designed by a well-known French architect. All the awesome furnishings, electronics, doors, handles, floors, kitchen utensils etc are in excellent condition status
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This Vuon Dao dwelling can be used as a living place and home and office for rent. It accommodates upto 5 bedrooms, considerable verandas, 5 toilets, modern interiors.
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Cau Giay luxury family-friendly unit for rent just walking distance from Chealsea Park high rise building, Keangnam Landmark Tower, providing 6 bedrooms, 6 WC. It matches large-scaled families or company staff occupying. Read more.
Need a real estate broker, assist you locate affordable properties? Hanpro could easily manage it. We supply housing services free of charge. Send us your inquiry please!
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You might seek out a budget villa with a indirect introduction of your close friends or neighbours. Anyway, we think, lots of letting agents could help you. Generally, they are well experienced & professional, and so they can equip you proper information & advice.
Short notice: Before housing inspection, prepare a pen, take a short note the property you like. Ask your housing experts, support you the details, especially stay related expenses & tenancy agreement articles. Also, discover the surrounding areas if there is a loud speaker, noisy neighbours closeby your near future house and so on.
Tenants Guides: How Hanoi property is called a villa? Normally, a house considered as a resort if that one is built up on a considerable area (about 200 sqm or bigger), executive style architecture, then it looks elegant. Often, it lodges 2, 3, 4 floors (some are one-floor edifice), plus front or backyard garden, garage, swimming pool. A mansion is normally more luxurious & bigger than a house in shape. While a house is known as a shelter you return & rest after work, so it could be a château, flat or called home. This concept is not idiosyncratic, it varies from different people or housing agencies.
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Manuka Health Products Fresh NZ Royal Jelly Elixir 25ml
- Product Code:
- Categories: Best Sellers, Manuka Health Products
- Availability:
Royal Jelly is an extremely nutritious, creamy food substance produced by nursing bees to feed young, growing bees and the hive's Queen. It is the exclusive food of the Queen Bee that lives approximately 6 years, while worker bees live for approximately 6 weeks eating honey and pollen. The only difference between the Queen and the workers is their diet.
Fresh New Zealand royal jelly is one of the most potent sources of nutrients in all of nature; it contains vitamins, minerals, proteins, sugars, essential fatty acids, essential amino acids, collagen, lecithin, enzymes and other bioactive compounds.
Mixed with the best New Zealand fruit extracts - Blackcurrant, Apple and Grape - as well as Vitamins C, E, A and MGO™ 400+ Manuka Honey - this formula is designed to support the body's defense systems naturally.


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Overpopulation of Europe
C003/0348 Rights Managed
530 pixels on longest edge, unwatermarked
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Uncompressed file size: 50.4MB
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Credit: VICTOR de SCHWANBERG/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
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text:
Thank you for the letter dated 22 March requesting
further information concerning conviction rates for prosecutions
of ports and other relevant companies undertaken by HSE.
My apologies for the slight delay in forwarding
this to you, but we had to run various checks to ensure the information
is completely accurate. The information is as follows:
Under SIC 63220, "Supporting services to
water transport", 14 prosecutions under health and safety
at work legislation have been heard in court for the four year
period from 1 April 1996 to 31 March 2000. The 14 defendants were
found guilty on 22 of 24 informations laid, the remaining two
informations being withdrawn as alternatives.
Under SICs 6110061202 "Water transport",
during the same period, three charges concerning work in docks
have been heard against a further three defendants. All three
defendants were found guilty of the charges against them.
Thus every defendant over the last four years
up to March 2000 has been convicted on at least one charge and
of the 27 charges taken, two were withdrawn as alternatives, and
none were lost.
When we spoke on Wednesday, you indicated the
Committee might appreciate some further comment on how HSE approaches
casualisation issues. I am collating some information, and will
write again shortly. We would, however, like to thank the Committee
for inviting us to attend and give oral evidence in support of
our written memorandum.
I hope this is helpful.
Graeme Henderson
Head of Marine Policy
29 March 2001