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Popular movies week 2 September 1900
Here's the list of the most popular movies in the week 02/September - 08/September - 1900. Do you remember Alligator Bait starring Beatrice Day, Harold Graham, Mr. Graham ?
What else happened in that week of 1900?
Discover what the world looked like on:


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We live in a time where convenience is one of the main reasons why customers will purchase a certain product. Take HTC smart phones for example. Everything can be done in these little devices. Browsing, messaging, calling and now even printing documents.
How do you easily transmit documents directly from your HTC smart phone to your printer? Here's a guide for your convenience.
Tools you can use for HTC phones
What you need to be able to print directly from your smart phone are software that will cater to the specific printer you will be using. HTC themselves have a default software that was made exactly for this function.
If you have the current models of HTC smart phones, then most probably the JETCET Print 5 will be installed in your handset. This software lets you print documents, photos, emails and others from your HTC smart phones. Using the JETCET Print, you can easily detect available printers for your use and quickly send your files to them for printing.
Aside from the normal documents, you can also print appointments, contacts and tasks directly from your HTC smart phone. JETCET is compatible with printers such as Canon, Epson and HP.
If you do not have this default software on your mobile than you can always look for third party websites that offer print from phone software for your mobile. One example is the Google's Cloud Print where you can connect your printer and print from phone anywhere you want to.
Here, you can log into your Gmail accounts and send files, documents, etc. from your phone to be printed at your printer at home. Just go into Google's mobile web interface and register your PC. Once you do this, Google automatically adds any printer you have connected on that particular PC. Easy as that! All you need is a good internet connection and you are good to go.
Another software for HTC smart phones is the ActivePrint Traveler. You can print photos, office documents, web pages and plain text documents directly from your HTC smart phone to your printer. You need to install the software's app on your phone and your printer before you can continue printing.
How much will these cost?
Depending on the software you will be choosing, these things relatively cost cheap; most of them are even free like Google's Cloud Print and the JETCET Print since it's automatically installed when you get your HTC phone.
The convenience brought about by using such software is definitely worth more than the cash you will be dishing out upon purchase. Using you HTC smart phones or any other mobile device for that matter, you can just click and print important documents anytime and anywhere.
This Article is written by John C Arkin, contributor of PrintCountry News Articles.
Tags: HTC phones, HTC smart phones, JETCET, phone printing, print from phone

subset: commoncrawl


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Take advantage of your health fund
Usually health funds cover check-up and cleans every 6 months (twice a year). Unfortunately health benefits do not roll over each year which means you should really take advantage of the yearly benefits covered with your fund during the 12 months.
Importance of a dental clean
Having your teeth professionally cleaned and checked is extremely important to your overall health, and can help with the prevention and detection of oral health concerns. A professional clean and checkup is designed to detect dental problems such as gum disease, as well as a host of other dental and general health problems.
How often do you require a clean?
When you visit a Coastal Dental Care practice your dentist will discuss your regular dental hygiene routine and the frequency of dental cleans required. It is generally recommended to visit your dental professional for a clean at 6-month intervals.
If you follow the appropriate at-home oral hygiene routine coupled with the advised dental clean, you will have a greater chance of preventing dental problems and maintaining your natural teeth.


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Systemic lupus erythematosus, or "lupus" for short, is an autoimmune disease--
a disease in which the body's own immune system attacks itself. It is nine
times as common in women as men, and about twice as common in black women as
in white women. Lupus can often be fatal. Increasingly, however, patients
who are diagnosed and treated early are living a normal life span and enjoying
productive lives.
The causes of lupus are unknown but believed to be genetic. Interestingly,
about 10% of women with lupus develop it while they are pregnant or postpartum;
in part this is because the onset of lupus is most common in the 20's and 30's.
Women with a family history of autoimmune diseases in general also have an increased
risk of lupus. Certain medications and viruses may also precipitate lupus.
Of course, cigarette smoking is bad for just about everything, and lupus is
no exception.
The symptoms of lupus are generally vague: often women will say they just
don't feel right. Profound fatigue, rash, early morning joint pain, chest pain,
memory lapses, swelling, and dramatic sun sensitivity are also common.
here for related information.
Created: 4/27/2001  - Donnica Moore, M.D.
All the content contained herein is copyrighted pursuant to federal law. Duplication or use withoutthe express written permission of DrDonnica.com subjects the violator to both civil & criminal penalties.Copyright © 2006 DrDonnica.com. All rights reserved.


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Please white-list or disable AboveTopSecret.com in your ad-blocking tool.
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Originally posted by lonewolf19792000
Well, we're about to find out what these things are. Jacques Vallee surmised they were demonic entities because they lie like no other.
Originally posted by interupt42
I haven't read everything but if the big deal is that he found an excel spreadsheet named "Non-Terrestrial Officers" and pictures of alien space ships. That doesn't necessary equate to aliens.
NASA works with DOD and therefore it would not be unlikely to expect the military to have officers that are in charge of what happens out of our atmosphere as in "Non-Terrestrial Officers"?
As for the pictures, I'm pretty sure there are some aircraft prototypes that could come across as aliens.
Not to mention , it would also not be unlikely that he fell for a honeypot scheme.
At the end it appears that he is providing nor more information than what we already have. Verbal confirmation, which we already have plenty off. Its the physical proof we are lacking. I guess we need to continue breathing instead of holding our breath.
Originally posted by AriesJedi
According to this guy Michael Relfe, this is a PSYOP and is a sham.
ALways thought it was funny, as in I don't think so.
Note from Michael Relfe: Please believe me. After having worked on a government contract and seeing the MAXIMUM security afforded even a low level system such as parts inventory for a shipyard, this story is a PSYOP to release information and de-sensitize people to off planet activities. This guy had no qualifications and no tools. Even with the best of everything you ABSOLUTELY DO NOT penetrate government systems. EVER. They own you after the first try. They own the backbone. They own the DNS. The own the routers. It is their system. They invented it. They have software and technology hundreds of years in advance of anything you can buy. In addition nothing above a certain security level would ever be connected to a public network. It would only be allowed to be connected to certain segments on a private network and they have lots of 'em. Encrypted networks that never touch a public network. Multiple sites. Multiple security systems. Multiple dates And this guy waltzes through them without an alarm for months. Gimmee a very large break We believe the information uncovered is true. The Navy wants you to know this information. But the method used to desemminate it to the public is a sham.
Originally posted by DarthFazer
Originally posted by TheOneElectric
Every single time I try to believe, I get burned.
Is it worth it in the long run?
Originally posted by The Shrike
Originally posted by DarthFazer
The above photo does not show UFOs, it shows the pattern of the street lamps which are visible in an uncropped photo. What is cropped out are the lamp posts in front of the Capitol. When you see the full, uncropped photo which is sort-of difficult to find you'll see that the lamp posts are reproduced as lens flares above the Capitol building and this image is sold as containing the reported UFOs.
Originally posted by gortex
This isn't new , they are the claims Gary made years ago just being recycled because he's back in the news again .
Originally posted by DarthFazer
Originally posted by MrUncreated
Well if he is telling the truth, then the aliens are evil. They conspire with our government, in secrecy, against us. All of us. We're screwed.
Yes that is why they are so evasive and elusive, imho they control our government/governments by proxy. This is why suppression of commercial pilots and military witnesses is ruled with an iron fist. Even j allen hynek the most staunch debunker came to the realization he was being lied to and kept out of the "real know" by his handlers. The agenda is unclear why or what these beings are doing, there are many theories but the way i see it "they" started to flex muscles in the 1950's at our world powers showing them whos boss. It's a squadron of UFO's flying over our capitol making a point, like a foreign occupation marching parade.
This may be real after all
www.thewatcherfiles.com...edit on 18-10-2012 by DarthFazer because: (no reason given)


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101A Albatross Avenue Hayborough
Townhouse, Hayborough
From $303 per night {{quote.pricing.message}} Total {{quote.pricing.price | format:'currency':'short'}} for
Min 2 - 7 nights stay
101A Albatross offers a modern and fresh fully equipped holiday home that you will never want to leave. The property has excellent views looking from Hayborough back to Victor and a 2 minute walk to the beach.
The beautiful furnished property features the following:
Master bedroom with queen bed and ensuite, Large open plan kitchen, dining and living area with sea views. The large double doors open out onto great entertaining balcony with bbq and dining setting. The kitchen is fully equipped with everything you need including oven, large fridge and dishwasher. Upstairs also has a separate guest toilet and powder room.
Two bedrooms with one containing a queen bed and the other two singles the two singles can be zipped together to create a double. Separate living area which can be turned into a fourth bedroom with a sofa bed, including television and DVD player. Large bathroom with bath, shower and separate toilet. Laundry with washer and dryer.
Access to grassed lawn area perfect for the kids.
Please note garage is not available, no pets and property is smoke free.
Please note this property does not include linen; however linen hire can be arranged by local company Victor Linen.
3 Car Spaces
Modern home with excellent views
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text:
Vintage Jewels / Antique Haven,LLC ®
Vintage Jewels / Antique Haven / Deb Hancock, Glendale AZ
Crystal Christmas Red Bezel Set Clip Earrings
$25.00 Bright red bezel set crystal clip earrings set in gold tone metal. The bezel set crystals are nail head, they have a table cut center on both the front and the back. The center of each earring has a brilliant white chaton rhinestone. The earrings measure 1" in diameter each. Condition is excellent.
Please make your payment within 24 hours of purchase unless other arrangements are made prior to purchasing. Thank you for understanding.
International buyers please use Pay Pal.
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Store Wide Sale! Make Offers
GOLD Sold ONLY Online! No gold at my brick and mortar store! Offers welcome, most reasonable offers accepted.


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Swine populations are known to be an important source of new human strains of influenza A, including those responsible for global pandemics. Yet our knowledge of the epidemiology of influenza in swine is dismayingly poor, as highlighted by the emergence of the 2009 pandemic strain and the paucity of data describing its origins. Here, we analyse a unique dataset arising from surveillance of swine influenza at a Hong Kong abattoir from 1998 to 2010. We introduce a state–space model that estimates disease exposure histories by joint inference from multiple modes of surveillance, integrating both virological and serological data. We find that an observed decrease in virus isolation rates is not due to a reduction in the regional prevalence of influenza. Instead, a more likely explanation is increased infection of swine in production farms, creating greater immunity to disease early in life. Consistent with this, we find that the weekly risk of exposure on farms equals or exceeds the exposure risk during transport to slaughter. We discuss potential causes for these patterns, including competition between influenza strains and shifts in the Chinese pork industry, and suggest opportunities to improve knowledge and reduce prevalence of influenza in the region.
1. Introduction
The 2009 pandemic highlighted the inadequate state of influenza surveillance in swine populations around the world. Mounting evidence indicates that pigs play a central role in the emergence of many pandemic influenza strains [1,2], and it is now known that influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 was created by reassortment of Eurasian avian-like (EA) and triple reassortant (TR) strains [3,4]. Phylogenetic reconstruction indicates that elements of the pandemic strain had been co-circulating undetected in swine for more than 10 years [3,4]. This finding underscores the need to study the epidemiology of influenza in swine populations at regional scales, and to understand the factors driving transmission dynamics. Achieving this goal requires long-term, systematic data from structured surveillance activities, but unfortunately almost no such datasets exist. One conspicuous exception is a dataset describing long-term virological and serological surveillance at a Hong Kong abattoir from 1998 to 2010, drawn from source farms across southern and southeastern China. These data have already yielded important insights about the co-circulation of influenza strains, strain replacement and viral reassortment in swine populations [5,6]. However, fundamental questions have yet to be addressed. What epidemiological processes give rise to the observed rates of virus isolation? Where in the swine production system, from farms to abattoirs, does most transmission of influenza occur? How are transmission dynamics affected by strain interactions and the ongoing industrialization of swine production? Answering these questions would guide efforts to control influenza in swine, and would shed light on mechanisms underpinning future pandemic risks. Yet inferring these patterns of disease transmission, a challenge in the best of circumstances, is particularly difficult here, because the available dataset was collected at a single location, just prior to slaughter, preventing the direct study of transmission at different points in the swine production system.
Here, we introduce a statistical inference framework that uses a Bayesian state–space model (BSSM) to integrate simultaneously observed data streams to infer hidden patterns of transmission [7,8]. This approach analyses virological and serological data together, informed by studies of the progression of these clinical signs of infection in individual pigs [6,9,10]. Experimental infection studies demonstrate that a naive pig infected with influenza can be expected to shed virus for 5–7 days. We define the window of recent exposure as the week prior to the sampling date; successful virus isolation indicates exposure during this period. The shedding period ends as antibodies to the infecting influenza strain increase; seropositivity reflects older exposure, which we define as infection more than one week prior to the sampling date. Virological and serological data are typically analysed separately, even when presented in the same study, but joint analysis draws additional insights from these data streams by exploiting their biological connection. Because samples are drawn simultaneously at fixed points in space and time, the differing time scales of the clinical signs provide insights into when transmission occurred, and, given knowledge of host movements, where transmission occurred.
China has long been recognized as a priority for influenza surveillance owing to the high densities of humans, swine and fowl in the region [11]. Currently, China produces and consumes almost 50 per cent of the world's pork, requiring an enormous swine population [12,13]. Over the past decade, swine production systems in China have responded to rising pork demand from a human population growing in size and affluence, and have also been impacted by rising feed costs, natural disasters and significant disease outbreaks [12–14]. Resulting changes in the farming facilities, transport systems and patterns of trade will be reflected in the long-term influenza surveillance dataset collected at the abattoir, as will any epidemiological differences among circulating strains. In the week before slaughter, pigs are exposed to increased population mixing in trucks and holding pens, as well as 'transport stress' that may affect immunity to infection [15,16]. During their earlier life on the farms, infection risk will be influenced by animal density, facility design and biosecurity [17]. We investigate how these risks of exposure to influenza have changed over the past decade in Chinese swine, by using our inference framework to estimate older exposures (corresponding to time spent on the farm) and recent exposures (corresponding to transport and holding just before slaughter).
2. Model and results
(a) Framework for analysis of surveillance data
The dataset consists of regular samples from active surveillance at a Hong Kong abattoir from May 1998 through January 2010. Tracheal and nasal swabs were collected fortnightly from swine at slaughter, and monthly viral isolation rates, as well as corresponding strain typing, are available for almost all of the surveillance period. Sera were collected from swine at slaughter, and monthly seroprevalence data are available for the years 2000, 2004 and 2009 (see §4 for detailed information about the abattoir, viral isolation, strain typing and serology processing methods). Unavailable data are treated as missing values and imputed using the model.
The BSSM provides a probabilistic description of hidden process dynamics and their relation to the observed virus isolation and serological data (figure 1; see also the electronic supplementary material). Following convention [7,8], we divide the state–space model into (i) a data model, which provides the connection between model parameters and data in the form of the likelihood, (ii) a process model, which describes hidden dynamics and their relation to observed data, and (iii) a parameter model. Observed data include the number of strain-specific virus isolations per month, which we denote by ni(t) for strain i in month t. Monthly counts of seropositive samples (defined as having a titre of greater than or equal to 1 : 40 to any test antigen) are designated as ns(t). Serological data were not divided into strain-specific responses owing to ambiguities in assignment. This use of serological data assumes that seropositivity reflects protection from contemporary viruses (see electronic supplementary material, figure S1; see discussion in §3b). The data model treats the virus isolation samples for each month as multinomial, where the probability of isolating strain i, pi,v(t), is the product of the probability of virus isolation pv(t) and the probability of finding type i given virus isolation, pi|v(t). Serological data are binomially distributed, where ps(t) is the probability of being seropositive in month t.
The next layer of the process model connects the monthly data to the unobserved transmission dynamics described by the total probabilities of exposure to influenza on the farm or during transport to slaughter, denoted pf(t) and pt(t), respectively. We assume that previous exposure on the farm provides immunity to circulating strains of influenza, so that virus isolation is possible only when a naive animal is exposed within the week before sampling. This is reflected by the expectation Seropositivity is directly related to the total probability of exposure on the farm, Using this model structure, both virus isolation and serostatus affect the inferred values of pf(t) and pt(t). The model includes scale parameters that control the variance in these statistical relations (see the electronic supplementary material). These parameters allow for uncertainty owing to unspecified sources such as assay accuracy, individual variation in animal response to exposure and month-to-month changes in the farms supplying the abattoir. All scale parameters are inferred along with the rest of the model parameters using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling of the BSSM (see the electronic supplementary material, table S1).
The final element of the state–space model describes the temporal variation of the exposure parameters pf(t), pt(t) and pi|v(t). Each of these parameters is assumed to vary as a Markov process, with expected value for the next month equal to the value in the current month. The month-to-month variance is determined by a scale parameter that is inferred from the data, as discussed earlier. This construct provides a constraint on the values of the hidden process dynamics, and potentially smooths outliers that arise from erratic sampling of a broad geographical region. It also allows us to impute missing data that make up part of our inference problem.
(b) Virus isolation and seropositivity
The posterior mean for the probability of virus isolation, without regard for strain type, follows the trends exhibited in the raw data (figure 2a). As noted in earlier work, virus isolation rates appear to decline over the past decade, with a protracted period of low isolation rates from 2005 to 2008 [6]. The posterior mean exhibits less variation than the raw data owing to the process constraints in our state–space model and the month-to-month variation in the raw data (figure 2b). Importantly, the raw frequencies are included in the 95 per cent high probability density (HPD) region for all months where virus was isolated (figure 2a). Only in months where there were no virus isolations, resulting in a raw frequency equal to zero, does this value fall outside the HPD. In these cases, the posterior mean for the probability of virus isolation is estimated to be in the order of 10–3. This small probability is consistent with the lack of successful virus isolation given the number of samples taken. Instances where the raw frequency falls outside of the HPD for this reason are indicated by grey symbols in figure 2b.
The inferred probability of seropositivity shows a contrasting trend, rising slightly over the course of the decade (figure 2c). When there is a missing data point, the state–space model imputes the value of ps(t) using constraints imposed by the model and information from the virological data. Again, the raw frequencies for available seropositivity data are more variable than the posterior mean probabilities (figure 2d). However, the breadth of the 95 per cent HPD region includes all raw frequency estimates and reflects the uncertainty generated by the presence or absence of data through time.
(c) Inference of exposure probabilities
The monthly patterns of virus isolation and seropositivity provide a noisy and indirect picture of the unobserved transmission dynamics. Our joint analysis enables us to infer the probabilities of exposure to influenza during different phases of the pigs' lives prior to slaughter. Estimates of exposure during transport show that this probability has been approximately constant for the decade of surveillance (figure 3a). The pattern of lifetime exposure on the swine farms is more dynamic, with the posterior mean showing an increasing trend (figure 3b). Sample sizes and missing data limit the precision with which this trend can be estimated, but the region of 95 per cent HPD does not admit a constant probability over the decade. As expected, the 2009 serology data are crucial to discerning the increase in farm exposure; if these data are removed from the BSSM fit, then the increase is not evident but is still consistent with the uncertainty in the refit model (see the electronic supplementary material, figure S2).
It is conspicuous that the virus isolation rate does not mirror the probability of exposure during transport (figures 2a and 3a). Successful virus isolation at the abattoir occurs only when exposure during transport coincides with a lack of earlier exposure on the farm. A monthly estimate of this combined probability, given by shows that the posterior mean for recent exposure of naive animals has decreased (see the electronic supplementary material, figure S3). Although this trend is not significant at the 95 per cent level, owing to the multiplication of uncertainties, it is consistent with the observed decrease in virus isolation rates over the decade. It is possible that pigs systematically spent longer in transport during periods of lower virus isolation than they did during periods of higher virus isolation. However, because of economic pressures this confounding variation in transportation time seems unlikely to have occurred. In any case, the inferred force of infection (FOI) during transport is insufficient to create this effect (i.e. the susceptible pool would not be exhausted within any reasonable period of transport, so new infections would continue to occur).
(d) Force of infection for swine influenza
The inference of the probabilities of exposure in transport and on the farm enables us to estimate the weekly FOI in each setting (figure 4). For a given exposure time Te and probability pe, the FOI can be estimated using . This relation is obtained by a simple rearrangement of the more familiar form: (see [18] for derivation). Because pt(t) describes exposures in the week before slaughter, the weekly FOI during transport is virtually identical to figure 3a and has remained approximately constant at roughly 0.03 per week over the decade (Te = 1 week and pe = pt(t) for each month). Estimation of the FOI for pigs on the farm depends on their age at slaughter and the duration of protection by maternally derived antibodies, which may prevent infection and development of haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres [10]. Given typical ranges of 16–24 weeks of age at slaughter and 4–8 weeks of protection by maternal antibodies, we used possible exposure durations of 8, 16 and 24 weeks to estimate a range of possible FOIs (Te = 8, 16, 24 weeks and pe = pf(t) for each month). Vaccination of swine against influenza is not reported for Chinese farms and should not affect exposure durations in these calculations [13,19].
Estimates of the weekly FOI on swine farms and during transport to slaughter are shown in figure 4. The 95 per cent HPD region is provided for the transport FOI and one farm FOI to give an indication of the scale of uncertainties; HPD regions for the farm curves are larger due to the greater uncertainty in seropositivity (figure 2c). For most assumptions about exposure duration on the farm, the weekly FOI is statistically indistinguishable between farm and transport phases over the decade. However, when the period of exposure on farms is assumed to last just eight weeks, the weekly FOI is significantly higher on farms than in transport from 2007 onwards. The robust pattern across all scenarios is that, despite the stress and increased mixing associated with transport and holding before slaughter, the weekly risk of exposure to influenza appears to be equal or higher on the production farms.
(e) Strain replacement
During the decade of surveillance, one of the major features observed was an replacement of the classic swine H1N1 (CS) with an EA strain as the dominant viral strain in southern China (previously described by Vijaykrishna et al. [6]). Experimental infection studies demonstrated a competitive advantage of EA over CS strains, as well as limited immunity in the population, suggesting a biological mechanism for this replacement [6]. The state–space model provides insights into the dynamics of strain replacement by inferring monthly, strain-specific viral isolation rates (see the electronic supplementary material, figures S4 and S5).
The emergence of a fitter influenza strain could account for the rise in on-farm exposure revealed by our analysis. However, the EA strain appeared in 2000–2001 and became dominant in 2003–2005, whereas the rise in exposure on farms occurred mostly from 2004 to 2008 (figure 3b). This suggests that the strain replacement was not the immediate cause of the changing epidemiological pattern. Instead, we propose that large-scale changes in the swine industry are the more likely explanation, and indeed may have played an important role in the strain dynamics via introduction of novel strains and emergence of reassortant strains. The geographical sourcing of swine for the sampled abattoir shifted significantly over the decade [6]. From 2000 to 2007, 15–20 per cent of the pigs were farmed near Hong Kong, with the remainder imported from several provinces in China; by 2008, the local proportion had fallen to 5 per cent. The percentage of swine sourced from nearby Guangdong province increased from 31.1 in 2003 to 51.8 in 2010. These shifts in industry-wide patterns, along with accompanying changes in conditions at production facilities, should be considered as potential causes of the observed shifts in epidemiology and strain frequencies, alongside the biological mechanisms already proposed.
3. Discussion
The long-term, active surveillance data considered here provide a rare glimpse into the transmission dynamics of influenza in swine populations over the decade leading up to the 2009 pandemic. While the pandemic did not arise in China, the co-circulation of multiple lineages and genetic reassortment events observed in the course of this surveillance provide insight into likely virus transmission dynamics leading up to pandemic emergence in the Americas [5,6]. The joint analysis of virological and serological data allows us to infer time-varying risks of influenza exposure across production stages, despite the fact that samples were taken at a single location. To untangle this information, we used knowledge gained from experimental infection studies of influenza in swine to define recent and older time frames for infection, indicated by the potential for virus shedding and detection of antibodies, respectively. Using this connection, we separated exposure risks during transportation and holding the week before sampling from exposures occurring during earlier life on swine farms in southern and southeastern China.
The model presented here provides a statistical framework to link experimental infection studies with surveillance data streams to quantify epidemiological processes, both observed and hidden. We can infer that influenza prevalence in the region has not decreased despite an apparent reduction in virus isolation rates (see figure 2; electronic supplementary material, figure S1). Instead, we find that the FOI during transport in the week before slaughter has remained remarkably constant at approximately 3 per cent per week over the decade. By contrast, the cumulative probability of exposure on the farm has increased over this period. We conclude that the observed reduction in virus isolation rates reflects the rise in exposure early in life, which results in immunity that prevents infection in the week before sampling. This finding has two important implications: (i) a perceived reduction in influenza prevalence at slaughter is not due to improved biosecurity or other preventative measures; and (ii) the overall prevalence of influenza in the swine population has not decreased, and hence the risk of spillover to susceptible human and bird populations is constant or growing. Our findings show that the risk, as measured by the FOI, is at least as high on swine farms as it is in transport and holding settings. Further, influenza on the farms appears to have increased over the decade, although the statistical significance of this trend would be strengthened with additional data.
(a) Epidemiology of swine influenza
The increasing scale of the pork industry in China provides the backdrop for the findings reported here. Over the past decade, a series of market-driven and natural perturbations (including rising feed costs, the 2008 Sichuan earthquake and outbreaks of non-influenza disease) have led to major disruptions in the Chinese swine population [12–14,19,20]. The resulting economic impacts motivated a push towards production in larger, more regulated facilities in an effort to stabilize supply, limit price increases and minimize disease outbreaks [13,19]. The growing size of swine farming facilities has increased the potential for sustained influenza transmission, particularly given the apparent lack of vaccination against influenza. The rise in on-farm exposure reported here could be attributed to these factors, and related changes linked to industrialization [21].
Our study reveals long-term patterns of influenza circulation under these changing conditions, inferred from data collected from a random subset of animals passing through the abattoir in Hong Kong. We estimate the rate of virus isolation to range from 0.1 to 10 per cent, with a mean of 1.6 per cent over the decade (see figure 2; electronic supplementary material, figure S3), whereas seropositivity ranges from 24 to 74 per cent, with a mean of 50 per cent (figure 2). Many of the high rates of isolation occur in the early 2000s, with relatively low seroprevalence; this pattern shifts to lower isolation rates and higher seropositivity late in the decade. Here, we place our observations in the context of shorter-term epidemiological studies conducted elsewhere in the world.
Samples collected in 1997–1998, during fortnightly surveillance of swine at an abattoir in the United States, showed a mean virus isolation rate of 2.2 per cent, with monthly peaks as high as 16 per cent [22] (see also [23]). The mean seroprevalence, using abattoir samples as well as sera sent to the Wisconsin Animal Health Laboratory for pseudorabies virus testing, was 27.7 per cent for a strain of CS H1 influenza, with monthly values ranging from 10 to 60 per cent. These observations are consistent with our data from Hong Kong, both on average and with regard to the wide variation in monthly rates; intriguingly, the quantitative match is closer during the 1998–2004 period, when our data were also dominated by the CS strain.
A survey of Spanish swine farms during 2008–2009 found a seroprevalence of 75.4 per cent to at least one of three strains of influenza (H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2) [17]. These results were broken down by age, with seropositivity among younger fattening pigs (11–20 weeks of age, a closer match to animals included in our study) measured to be 53.1 per cent, while that among older cows was 89.9 per cent. Similar values for sows of varying ages were obtained for pig-dense European countries during a 2002–2003 survey with 85.2 per cent seroprevalence in Germany and 94 per cent in Belgium [24]. A recent survey of influenza prevalence in other Asian countries showed mean levels of virus isolation and seropositivity similar to our results for Hong Kong [21,25]. We conclude that the epidemiology of swine influenza in southern China is broadly consistent with available data from other industrialized countries worldwide.
Our findings show that efforts to limit the prevalence of influenza A in Chinese swine populations could usefully be targeted to improving practices in production facilities. Such control efforts could be informed by recently identified risk factors for influenza on Spanish swine farms: (i) high replacement rates that introduce new susceptibles or new subclinically infected animals; (ii) lack of solid separations to prevent transmission between pens; and (iii) uncontrolled entrance to farms [17]. In contrast to the situation on farms, we found that the probability of influenza exposure during the week before slaughter has not risen or fallen as a result of industry growth over the past decade. This suggests that there are unrealized opportunities to reduce spread during transport and limit potential for mixing of geographically separated strains. For example, transmission between pens holding pigs from different farms has been observed at a quarantine point in Shenzhen and provides an opportunity for improvement (see §4). However, the validity of comparisons between this system and Spanish farms remains unclear, and the economics of swine production raise challenges in motivating changes in practice for influenza control.
(b) Impact of model assumptions
The results of our analysis arise from the probabilistic relations that make up the BSSM. The strongest assumption we made is that antibodies above a certain titre are protective against challenge by any contemporary influenza strain. In our analysis, exposure probabilities are inferred by considering virus isolation and serostatus data independent of the strain type or detailed serological profile. Patterns of serological cross-reactivity and immunity in influenza are complicated, even when the test antigen is known and experimental infection is done under laboratory conditions [6,9,26]. As a result it is not possible to definitively connect a given serological profile to prior infection by one or more known strains. Under field conditions, this problem is amplified by the fact that the observed serological profiles might be caused by one or more viral strains that are not used as n strains in HI panels, and have not been characterized by experimental infection studies.
A significant proportion of swine sampled in our dataset had titres greater than or equal to 1 : 40 to many, or all, strains tested (see the electronic supplementary material, figure S1). This pattern could arise from cross-reactivity among the strains or from multiple infections by different strains. However, the age of pigs at the time of slaughter ranges from four to six months, and it is usually assumed that only a single infection is possible during this time (though this assumption may not hold in all cases [27,28]). As a result, we argue that the assumption of immunity to contemporary strains is appropriate, and that strain-specific analyses of our data are not possible given current knowledge of influenza serology. If the assumption is too strong, and cross-immunity among these strains is not complete, then our results would overestimate the probability of recent exposure (because we would have underestimated the true proportion of swine that are susceptible to infection). To explore this possibility, we re-ran the BSSM assuming 50 per cent protection for seropositive animals. This model, which could account for second infections by different strains or for limited protection from previous exposure, reduces the posterior mean probability of recent exposure to 2.4–2.5 per cent (from approx. 3%) over the decade. The difference in these estimates, given the related uncertainties, does not substantially change the conclusions presented earlier. Further progress on this problem will require experimental infection studies, including multiple exposures and longitudinal sampling of serum from individual animals, as well as development of methods that elucidate the connections between immunity and profiles derived from field serological data [9,29].
The model includes constant scale parameters that determine the variances in association between elements of the process model (see figure 1; electronic supplementary material). In table S1 of the electronic supplementary material, we show the inferred values, which vary inversely with the variance, along with regions of 95 per cent HPD. The scales for virus isolation and serostatus are low, and allow for considerable variance in the relation to the hidden probabilities of exposure. This uncertainty can be attributed to month-to-month variation in source farms, assay sensitivity and individual variation, as well as other unknown factors. The estimated scale parameters for hidden process dynamics are larger, allowing for less variation and resulting in smoothed dynamics, hence limiting inordinate weight to data from any single month.
(c) Broader applications of multi-stream surveillance analysis
We have introduced a mechanistic state–space model to infer unobserved transmission histories from joint analysis of virological and serological surveillance data. Our model provides robust inference of epidemiological parameters, smoothing anomalous data and imputing missing data based on mechanistic assumptions. Multiple modes of surveillance are commonly conducted in parallel, and other studies could benefit from similar joint analyses of these data streams [25,30–32]. In practice, sampling design is very important when applying this idea, because all data streams need to be sampled at the same time points, from the same population. Ideally, this sampling would occur at regular intervals from randomly selected animals, providing an unbiased picture of disease dynamics in the focal population.
This approach can be adapted to any disease for which the time course of multiple clinical outcomes, including diagnostic measures or signs of disease, have been characterized by experimental infection studies or close observation of natural infections [33]. Given different time scales associated with different clinical outcomes, such analyses would open broader opportunities to reconstruct the histories of exposure prior to sampling. Further quantitative precision could be obtained by expanding experimental infection studies to characterize individual-specific variation, and estimate the sensitivity and specificity of different assays. In principle, the kinetics of some assays could be characterized so that quantitative results could be used, instead of binary outcomes, to derive more specific information about the time since infection. Further theoretical and statistical tools to integrate these classes of data will also need to be developed. Combined with a carefully designed surveillance plan, these approaches could enable the inference of disease transmission histories in systems where host individuals can only be sampled once, an all-too-common limitation in settings ranging from livestock inspections to wildlife studies.
4. Material and methods
(a) Surveillance data
Systematic influenza surveillance was conducted between May 1998 and January 2010 at an abattoir in Hong Kong where roughly 4500 pigs per day are processed (current data are available online at http://www.fehd.gov.hk/english/sh/index.html). Tracheal or nasal swabs (109–512 per month) and serum samples (20–50 per month) were collected from a random sample of slaughtered swine [6] (see the electronic supplementary material, figure S1 for raw data). Sampled swine were between the ages of four and six months, and were sourced from provinces throughout southern and southeastern China [6].
Information that connects source farm, transport time, transport method and disease status of individual animals is unavailable. We have no information about the size of farms that provide pigs to this abattoir, but McOrist et al. [19] provide data on the size of pig farms in China and their growth between 2008 and 2011. Pigs are transported in trains and lorries, with the transport period varying depending on the starting farm location (see supplementary information in [6] for information on source farms). The pigs are held at a border quarantine station in Shenzhen, just across the border from Hong Kong, to check health status before transport to Hong Kong. Pigs from each source farm are held in separate pens, but they may be next to a pen with animals from a different farm and there is evidence of transmission among pens. After the quarantine station, each consignment is shipped separately to the abattoir in Hong Kong.
(b) Virus isolation, strain typing and seroprevalence
Swab materials were inoculated into 9- to 10-day-old embryonated chicken eggs and Madin Darby canine kidney cells; virus isolates were identified and subtyped by HI assays as previously described [6]. In addition, strains included in the study were fully sequenced and typed based on phylogenetic relationships of all gene segments [4]. Antibody prevalence against the major swine influenza lineages was characterized using the HI assays with six representative viruses—A/Sw/HK/4167/1999 (CS), A/Sw/HK/1110/2006 (TR), A/CA/4/2009 (Pand), A/SW/HK/1304/2003 (CS), A/Sw/HK/NS29/2009 (EA) and A/SW/HK/1559/2008 (EA)—starting at a dilution of 1 : 10. Titres greater than or equal to 1 : 40 were taken as seropositive [6].
(c) Bayesian state-space model and Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling
The BSSM is a hierarchical model with time-dependent associations as developed in earlier studies [7,8]. Complete details of the statistical framework are provided in the electronic supplementary material. Computational elements of the MCMC inference process use the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm with tuning during burn-in to sample from the posterior distribution, as implemented by the PyMC Python package [34].
This work was funded by a grant from the National Center for Foreign Animal and Zoonotic Disease Defense, a Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Center of Excellence. Data collection was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (contract no. HHSN266200700005C). J.O.L.-S. and S.R. are supported by the RAPIDD programme of the Science and Technology Directorate of the Department of Homeland Security and NIH Fogarty International Center; J.O.L.-S. is grateful for support from the De Logi Chair in Biological Sciences. We thank the Institute for Digital Research and Education at UCLA for use of the hoffman2 cluster.
- Received April 7, 2013.
- Accepted April 18, 2013.
- © 2013 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.


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Welcome to the Cemu forum.
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text:
I went on a lunch date the other day. The guy was cute, he made good conversation, and the food was great—the usual first-date ingredients that have you thinking: Is this the one?
When I told him I live in Edgewater, my date looked excited and responded, "No way. I am moving there in August. We'll be neighbors!"


text:
Two former star Chicago White Sox players, Ron Kittle and Jack McDowell, have recently listed their Chicago-area homes for $995,000 and $1.195 million, respectively.
A native of Gary Kittle, 43, was the 1983 American League Rookie of the Year and led the Sox to the playoffs that year. The slugger had three tours of duty with the Sox during his 10-year career, which ended in 1991. He just finished a three-year stint managing the independent Schaumburg Flyers minor league baseball team, shifting to the team's front office.


text:
Lyrics to the christmas song Let It Snow.
- Let It Snow was composed by Jule Styne. Lyrics by Sammy Cahn.
- They wrote the christmas song a hot day in Hollywood, California in July 1945.
Lyrics to Let It Snow.
Oh the weather outside is frightful,
but the fire is so delightful.
And since we've no place to go.
Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!
It doesn't show signs of stopping,
And I've brought some corn for popping.
The lights are turned way down low.
Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!
When we finally kiss goodnight,
How I'll hate going out in the storm!
But if you'll really hold me tight,
all the way home I'll be warm.
The fire is slowly dying,
and, my dear, we're still good-bying.
As long as you love me so.
Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!


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Rooms: from 90 EUR


text:
When most people think about volunteering, they think about how it helps improve lives in the community. However, two new research studies underscore the critical role volunteering plays in improving lives…of the volunteers themselves.
A recent study from the University of Iowa College of Public Health, found teenagers who participate in volunteer activities on their own may be less likely to commit crimes as adults. In fact, it showed that teenagers who volunteer had 31 percent fewer arrests and fewer convictions than those who do not volunteer, and the trend continues as they grew older.
Even those who are required to volunteer, rather than choosing to do so, have fewer arrests and convictions as adults than those who did not volunteer in their youth. Why is this?
The researchers suggest that as teens engage in self-empowering activities like volunteering, they develop a sense of moral and social responsibility that deters criminal activity.
Volunteers also gain the upper hand in the job market. According to research commissioned by Oxfam, which relies on volunteers to staff its shops, 80 percent of employers are more likely to hire an applicant with volunteer experience. It turns out bosses think volunteers have better social skills and work harder than other job applicants.
Such employability is part of the reason why effective organizations embrace a culture of philanthropy. Elliott Davis Decosimo fosters a work environment for employees to get involved in their community, whether through a financial donation or volunteer opportunity. Every office connects professional staff members to an organization they are passionate about and encourages them to hold a board seat or leadership role to build professional and community development.
"Our impact reached farther in 2016 than it ever has," said Richard Battle (Office Managing Shareholder). "Our Charlotte and Raleigh offices volunteered nearly 5,000 hours in their communities as tutors, treasurers, financial coaches and board members. Supporting our communities through United Way's influence has made a positive impact on our region and also to the important success and development of our people."
The benefits described in these recent studies compliment earlier studies showing that volunteering is good for physical, mental and emotional health. Carolinas HealthCare System (CHS) has found this to be especially true among physicians battling burnout.
As part of a newly developed wellness curriculum, the Internal Medicine (IM) residency program at Carolinas HealthCare System sought to promote physician well-being and prevent burnout by exploring ways to make community volunteer work more accessible to residents and their already busy schedules.
Shortly after the launch of the curriculum, the IM residency program partnered with United Way of Central Carolinas and Salvation Army's Center of Hope to bring volunteer opportunities directly to work. During a noon conference lunch hour, CHS residents assembled dozens of "care packs" and "hygiene packages" to be donated to the Center of Hope. Included in these were hand written notes of inspiration directed to the recipients.
"Volunteerism provides an opportunity to impact our community," said Todd Gandy, chief resident of Internal Medicine at Carolinas HealthCare, "and is also a powerful means to promote wellness and resiliency within our industry."
Onsite volunteer projects have been adopted by many businesses throughout Charlotte. Hands On Charlotte, the volunteer arm of United Way of Central Carolinas, partners with companies to plan and implement volunteer projects based on their needs.
To help more TIAA employees get involved in supporting local schools, United Way of Central Carolinas recently hosted a Tiny Library build on the TIAA campus. The result: 125 employees were able to help build the libraries in multiple phases throughout the day, while hundreds of others – from various locations across the community – participated in a virtual book drive to fill the libraries with 1,300 new books for nearby CMS schools.
From establishing moral and social responsibility to maintaining a healthy work life balance, volunteerism encourages a positive impact on each individual volunteer.
Published in the Charlotte Business Journal: April 2017


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text:
American Symphony Orchestra
[RealPlayer required]
From a lecture at Bryn Mawr College
4 February 1963
Flyer for Opening Season of the American Symphony Orchestra
Anna Moffo in a recording session with Leopold Stokowski and the American Symphony Orchestra for Sergei Rachmaninoff's Vocalise, 1964
Sergei Rachmaninoff
Vocalise, Op. 34 No. 14 (excerpt)
Arranged by Arcady Dubensky
[RealPlayer required]
Leopold Stokowski and the American Symphony Orchestra
Anna Moffo, Soprano
Recorded 14 April 1964, in Manhattan Center, New York City
Leopold Stokowski with associate conductor Ainslee Cox and timpanist Elayne Jones at a rehearsal of the American Symphony Orchestra, ca. 1965
|Return to "Music for All of Us"
|Table of Contents
Last update: Thursday, 16-Jun-2011 14:07:11 EDT


text:
WASHINGTON — Within days of a shooting at a political gathering in Arizona that killed six, Sen. Lisa Murkowski, R-Alaska, was among the first members of Congress to call for more civil political discourse.
She did so by urging her colleagues to pick a seatmate from the other party for the president's State of the Union speech -- a call to action that, by all accounts Tuesday night, was a resounding success.
"Maybe we do need to get out of our conventional skins every now and again, and come out and do something that indicates to the rest of the country that we're not afraid to sit next to one another, there are no cooties to be had between Republicans and Democrats," she said Tuesday at a press conference with her partner in the mixed-party seating initiative, Sen. Mark Udall, D-Colo.
Her adage proved apt for Republican Rep. Don Young, who attended his first State of the Union address since 1974, and clearly was cootie free. Young was such a popular seatmate he had to fend off lawmakers trying to squeeze into the seats he had saved for his Democratic friends, including Sen. Mark Begich.
Begich, taking Murkowski's lead, had invited Young to the speech. The two Alaskans hung out in the rear of the House chamber, with Rep. Nick Rahall, D-W.Va., between them. Like a trio of schoolboys, the senator and the two congressmen rarely stopped grinning -- although Young judged the speech "a little flat."
Begich, the Alaska delegation's only Democrat, praised the no-nonsense, pro-jobs, "winning the future" theme of the president's speech, which called for making America more competitive globally, growing the economy by developing energy resources, and freezing some non-security federal spending for the next five years.
Begich said he thought the speech focused more on policy than "pomp and circumstance." But he praised the president's call for innovation.
"The China example he gave is right on," Begich said. "We developed the technology when it came to solar panels; they're developing it in China now. It makes no sense for us to be second-best when it comes to innovation."
Murkowski and Udall initiated the call for civility and mixed-party seating following the Jan. 8 shooting in Tucson that wounded Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, D-Ariz., and killed six people including a federal judge.
Murkowski called for people watching the speech to focus on the content of the president's remarks, rather than who had which seatmate. She left the speech early because her son needed an emergency appendectomy.
Both Young and Begich said they listened carefully when the president talked about energy goals in the speech. The goals included a proposal to double the amount of energy used from clean-energy sources, from 40 percent of overall energy consumption to 80 percent by 2035.
That "expansive" clean-energy standard will include solar, wind and natural gas as well as nuclear and clean coal technology with carbon sequestration. Promoting such a mix -- especially expensive nuclear plants -- is intended to create an atmosphere that gets businesses to invest, and get money off the sidelines, the White House said.
But the two were left cold by Obama's call for eliminating tax breaks for energy companies. Their seatmate, Rahall, clapped boisterously while both Begich and Young just smiled and looked at each.
"We have heard this before, and have not supported it twice in his last two budgets," Begich said. "This is problematic, we think, for the oil and gas industry."
Young said he liked the president's call for reorganizing government. He was especially appreciative of Obama's joke that the Interior Department is in charge of salmon in freshwater, and the Commerce Department in saltwater. But Young called the president's proposed spending freeze "a populist approach" that won't cut the deficit.
"'Just cut spending is the easy answer that does nothing and seems to be the phrase that everyone is throwing around lately as if it's the answer to our economic woes," Young said. "It is not. Just cutting the spending will not get us out of the hole; the same way cutting back your expenses doesn't magically pay your credit card bill every month."
Young said that only by reducing regulation and increasing production -- particularly of oil and gas -- will the country be competitive with China and other emerging economies.
As for his overall impression of the evening, Young said it was well worth the 37-year hiatus.
"I have to tell you something," Young said. "By being absent for so long, I was wanted."
"In a positive way, he wasn't on a poster!" Begich joked.
"It was fun," Young said. "We had a good time."


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August 15
Here are just a few more front yards to get a feeling for Saint Paul in the Golden Triangle, south of the 94-52-12, north of the 35E, and east of Ayd Mill Road...Lexington-Summit-Cathedral Hill.
The yards are dense and wild...
...and mostly filled with plants that grow without attention.
I'm up first thing in the morning and off to Austin to meet up with Windy and Darnelle and enjoy some downhome southern charm, y'all.
August 13-14, 2018
The last two days Cynthia and I have spent some good time in late-afternoon visits to the dog park and then enjoying a nice dinner.
Not so many pictures but...
...I do have some cutie-pie videos. I have to learn how to edit out the long moments pointing at the ground and the sky while I fuss with turning the thing on and off, and how to get a still off the video.
Both skills easily done but not yet known by me.
Oh Kai.
Just a few pictures.
I have been surprisingly lax. It has also been h.o.t.
I want sunflowers and hollyhocks both requiring a lot of water so I need to stop longing for them and start longing for something I can actually grow.
Saint Paul people can grown anything it seems. Almost every house is surrounded by plants flowering and otherwise. I hope to get a few more examples because they are splendid.
Multiple Trips so watch for the year change.
August 12, 2018
Start of a great day with Cynthia and Kai, the most adorable dog ever. First stop, coffee... and a puppychino. Kai knew all about the puppychino and he was so ready the second we turned in.
Then we went to this amazing dog park. They call it the dog beach actually. It's about ten minutes or so down this lovely shaded path that can get a little steep...
...oh look, and Kai is OFF...
...to find friends and swim in the river. Kai doesn't actually swim yet but one of these days when he's chasing another dog or running for a toy he'll discover it by accident.
SO much fun.
Then we had a nice lunch on the patio of one of the many dog-friendly restaurants around Saint Paul.
Oh goodie, the sculpture garden welcomes dogs so we swung by for a stroll.
So many favorites.
This was new. They didn't stay long but moved on to posing in other spots around the garden.
Speaking of which we buzzed back to Cynthia's condo to let Kai have a nap while we went to see the Mister Rogers movie. Although I didn't watch much of the show since it overlapped with Sesame Street, a show I will still gladly watch, the movie did a good job of telling his story I think.
Of course I cried, it was a tear-jerker. He was so nice and now he's dead.
The white ruff doesn't usually stick out quite that far, I forgot to notice. He looks like this when his collar has gotten the longer hair.
Then we stopped at our favorite market, Kowalski's, and each made ourself a delicious salad to take back to our respective accommodation.
Thanks Cynth, it was So Fun.
Multiple Trips so watch for the year change.
December 27, 2017
Kai says Welcome to Saint Paul Minnesota!
Cynthia picked me up at the airport and we went almost directly to Puppy Play Time at the vets where three puppies, Thomas, the biggest, Tommy, the smallest, and Kai spent 15 nonstop minutes sniffing each other and doing the rolly-polly.
Kai was up for more but the other two were so done.
The cutest dog ever?
Cynthia had gotten us tickets to see The Christmas Story at the legendary Guthrie Theater in Minneapolis.
First we ate dinner at an Asian-Fusion restaurant across the street from the theater and then scurried over in -10 wind chill. My boots are perfect as is the rest of my gear so far, so far being car to door and then door to door.
(internet pic)
A couple of views from the outdoor (YES!) viewing area of 'The Bridge to Nowhere' in the Guthrie.
Another one, reflecting in the Mississippi river.
December 28
Snow! And omg it is cold. This is the view from the entrance to the parking garage. Cynthia takes Kai out for a pee break every couple of hours, and otherwise we didn't go out until...
...we went to get Kieran to join us for dinner. These two pictures are about 4 inches and 18 months apart. I'm cutting my hair the second I get home!
We got to meet Kieran's snake Selene, named after the Greek goddess of the moon.
Kai and Kieran raced around the backyard for a long time...
...and Kai was never done...
...until finally the humans had to call a halt. Then we had dinner and it was lovely. It was dark btw - this is a flash shot from the patio.
December 29 and 30
This is the lobby of the hospital where Cynthia had her bunion surgery today. It all went so smoothly, in and out, no problem and she's been walking some too already.
I had a snack from the cafeteria with the dining tables across from the windows here serenaded by the lovely woman playing pop standards on the grand piano.
I had to park out here (I brought the car around to pick Cynthia up!) and it was snowing lightly the whole time.
I drove in the snow while it was snowing! Cynthia has one of those all-wheel-drive Subarus so popular in these parts and it drives like a dream.
A view from around the corner of the apartment.
What I wear when I go out and I'm perfectly warm until the wind kicks in to freeze my face: a cami, a tee, a long-sleeved shirt, a down vest, a jacket, a coat, thermal pants, pants over those pants, wool socks, fancy -25 degree-rated boots, scarf, hat, gloves.
Today the high was -5. Baby it's cold outside!
So we went to another puppy play time at a bigger place which was excellent good fun for Kai the dog.
I see I didn't note that this was inside at one of the places Cynthia went for puppy class. It wasn't That cold inside but no one bothered to unbundle.
So much personality.
I think this is the story of that mini-husky looking dog, from the internet. He was young and still very shy:
"The Alaskan Klee Kai is a relatively modern breed, which was only developed and standardized in the 1970�s, and not widely available to buy by private owners until the 1980�s. The Klee Kai�s ancestry includes elements of the Alaskan Husky, Siberian Husky, and to a lesser extent, the American Eskimo dog and Schipperke as well.
"While many people incorrectly refer to the Alaskan Klee Kai as Mini Huskies, or use the two terms interchangeably, it is important to note that they are not the same breed."
Let's PLAY!
Kai plays with all the dogs no matter their size. He gets up on his back legs and walks forward like a grizzly bear. I hope I can catch that one day.
Good night...Sweet dreams...
December 31
We went to another puppy play time this one out in the suburbs with a group Cynthia had trained with before. It was the biggest room yet with the most dogs and plenty of run-run-run.
Kai is what they call 'food motivated'.
When there are training treats around he wants those things So Bad. He would find any one of the humans dispensing treats and he'd do a big proud sit right in front of them and if a treat didn't come his way he'd lie down, and if he Still didn't get a treat he would look so confused... like... what's a guy got to do around here to get a treat!
Sometimes there would be treats for nothing!
We did chores for a few hours too. Cynthia has been doing amazingly well with her foot although after a while a rest is welcome.
Cynthia had reserved the theater in her building so we could watch Amadeus on a big screen with great sound for that fabulous score but technology was not cooperating. We've rebooked for Tuesday!
Yes! And a Happy New Year!!
January 1
Baby it's cold outside!
(internet pic)
We watched the Rose Parade streaming on amazon with Will Ferrell and Molly Shannon and we both LOLed plenty. If you really like the parade however these guys will not suit you. Absolutely everything they said was tongue-in-cheek.
If you like it the regular way or if you didn't know what they were satirizing I wonder if it would be funny. The amazon reviews show 52% 5 stars and 40% 1 star, mighty polarizing it was.
(internet pic)
January 2
We decided to do some strolling on the skyways and it was awesome. You can get around in Minneapolis by skyway too, an especially nice option in the winter.
This is from the bridge right outside Cynthia's building and we have a view of that mural from her apartment.
There is a whole row of sculptures of this guy with various things on his head.
Across the first bridge and down one flight of escalators brings you to this art deco style lobby of the 1931 First National Bank building, not still a bank, but the building kept the name.
The sign is pointing to the Kellogg Apartment Entrance where Cynthia lives.
Now we've traveled through buildings and bridges, I've lost track, but the architectural details are so fun to come across.
Walking with Kai is an exercise in friendly. Not one person can pass without a grin and an awwww and 'is it ok, can I pet him?'. Kai then body slams against the legs of all who reach down happy to be noticed and gushed over.
We passed every possible enterprise as we wandered through the buildings. You could in fact live your life not going outside not that you'd want to, but you'd have the choice...if you didn't have a dog that is.
Another skyway and a lively parking garage.
Pee break...
...at Mears Park, one of many parks with that Plaza Central feel, surrounded by city buildings with paths, benches, and features made for strolling. But not in January. In January you can look at it and think of Spring.
Back to the bridge leading into Cynthia's building with the mural in the distance.
It was -8 when I went outside this morning with Kai and I put on ALL my layers but this afternoon when we were outside it was 12...and it felt warm! I didn't have my gloves or my hat or my scarf or my coat and it was fine. Weird, right?
January 3
This is Mike from Lofty Dogs, the guy who takes dogs from this building out for pee breaks and out for big pack walks. Cynthia has been using him since she got Kai and now Mike is getting Kai ready to join the pack.
He's still full of puppy go-go but Mike is willing to give the pack a try on Thursday.
Here's one of Mike's groups.
(internet pic)
Cynthia treated me to a haircut with her haircut goddess. It was fun And I look cute!
This is what cars look like in the winter in Minnesota, an ever-present coating of salt on everything that hits the road. All of them all the time look like this except for maybe the first hour after a car wash.
If I'm going to buy a used car I hope I remember to check where it has lived in its prior life.
Nap time. Awwww.
Cynthia's apartment, a loft style unit with extra-high ceilings is on the ground floor and all the windows are also high, but the light is pretty good considering, even when it's so stormy out.
Today as I write this we've got blue skies!
We decided to take an early evening skyway stroll for some views and to get to a nice bookstore without going outside. That's the closest transit station. Cynthia's building is in the upper right.
This is the big 1st sign from the 1931 First National Bank building. You saw the gorgeous marble elevator lobby yesterday.
The Capitol building!
We had to go several bridges out of our way to get this view...worth it because I really wanted to see it.
Here's the bookstore...
...and another cool fa�ade.
After dinner Kai had a play date with his best buddy Astro. Astro's owner is that young boy who is 10 years old and going into high school (in September? I'm not sure).
He is quite a kid for sure with full reign of the building like he should be the main character in a children's adventure book.
January 4-5
Kai got his Lofty Dogs pack walk today with 11 of his new best friends. He was a little squirrely at first and then settled right in.
This is from a video Lofty Dog Mike took. You can see the whole thing on his facebook page and you will awwww.
Another one.
First level obedience training. Kai (and Cynthia Of Course) did a couple of puppy classes already so this is not socializing, oh no, those dogs are learning, and they have homework.
Cynthia's office is in this refurbished historic complex.
"St. Paul�s Como Shops served as a major passenger-car repair facility on the Northern Pacific railroad between 1885 and the 1970s, providing employment to many St. Paul residents. The durability of the shops� construction guaranteed their longevity, and in 1985 the facility was listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places."
The Atrium Building...
...and the inside. Cynthia's office is on the second floor. I sat here and read for a bit (and dozed off!) while Cynthia checked in at work.
We took another skyway stroll this time to dinner at a restaurant on the street level of this building - Park Square Court (Previously known as: Noyes Brothers and Cutler Wholesale Druggists Building)
"What started out as a less-than-promising storefront on E. 3rd St. grew with the city of St. Paul to become the largest wholesale drug and medical supply company in the Northwest.
"...In 1889 Noyes Brothers & Cutler moved into their new (and final) building at 6th St. & Sibley St., where they would stay for the next thirty years. Designed by St. Paul architect J. Walter Stevens for $110,000, the five-story building has the Romanesque style which was popular at the time.
"...In 1971-73 the building was converted to retail shops, restaurants and offices and was renamed Park Square Court."
(google pic)
These are a couple of shots from the Park Square Court building.
It was quite interesting, and I didn't spend enough time to figure it all out, but there were so many outside walls that had been integrated into the refurbishments.
We had a vast selection of Happy Hour food here at Barrio. All of the treats were densely flavored and half of them were totally delicious.
This is one of the street level enterprises easily accessed by the skyway system. It was zero outside and we took a nice stroll to dinner!
Then we had churros with spicy Mexican chocolate for dipping. YUM!
January 6
Another excellent skyway walk brought us a half block from...
...Dreadlocks for Dingos, a place for doggie daycare, overnighters, and grooming service, and where they have puppy play time every Saturday.
The doggie place is in the foreground and at the end of the block is an apartment complex in a very cool looking building.
Kai loves puppy play time and he looooves treats. Somebody's getting a treat? Me too me too me too!
The owner of the big pit bull-ridgeback mix, the woman with the treats, is holding Kai back from doing his grizzly bear attach upon her dog's head.
We went home for some food and to drop off Kai, and then we went for a tour of the state capitol building.
Cynthia took these two pictures from out the car window as we were creeping along looking for a parking place so we wouldn't have to walk too far in 5 degrees and a Serious wind chill.
Look how quiet it is on a Saturday afternoon.
And from the back.
"Inspired by the Beaux-Arts architecture of the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, architect Cass Gilbert was determined to design a building in the classical style, but with all the modern conveniences of the time. The stunning result is a towering white marble dome, fluted columns, graceful arches and commanding statuary.
"...Construction of the current Capitol began on May 6, 1896 and was led by architect Cass Gilbert, who would go on to design the U.S. Supreme Court building in Washington D.C. After nine years and a cost of $4.5 million, the Renaissance Revival-style building opened to the public on Jan. 2, 1905."
One of the many large historic art pieces.
A view out a Capitol window to the beautiful 1912 Cathedral of Saint Paul.
Our guide was anxious and pleased to tell us this dome is the second largest 'unsupported marble dome' in the World, first is St Peter's at the Vatican and third is the Taj Mahal.
After the Capitol tour we went on to the Conservatory in Como Park. There's a hot and humid rainforest in there that we stood around in to get some moisture soaked into our skin.
And there's this...
...and this!
So sweet, and then we went on home where Cynthia cooked us a deeelicious salmon dinner.
January 7
We went to a Sunday Brunch at the Saint Paul Hotel. This is the more formal dining room.
"In 1856, John Summers invited travelers from all over the world into his home, which eventually became the Greenman House, a 60-room hotel erected in 1871 and destroyed by fire in 1878.
"By 1878, Mr. Summers and John Baugh, an Eastern hotelier, constructed a much larger and more modern hotel named The Windsor, known at the time to be one of the finest hotels in Saint Paul. The Windsor Hotel was operated successfully until 1880 when Baugh withdrew and sold his interest to Charles J. Monfort. Summers resigned in 1891 and Monfort acted as President and Manager until his death in 1904.
"For the next two years the hotel was utilized as an arcade and theater. As the city of Saint Paul continued to grow, the need for a new hotel became increasingly important. In 1908 Lucius P. Ordway, a prime mover in the new hotel project, secured ownership of the property with the intentions of constructing a new luxury hotel."
A new skyway view.
We took Kai to a dog park and he raced around like a greyhound...
...never backing down for a second no matter how large or noisy his running mate. I'm leaving tomorrow and it looks like I'm going to miss getting a shot of Kai doing his grizzly bear.
This dog was waaay fast and none of the other dogs played his game of chase the tennis ball.
We drove around for a while afterward catching sight of the Arch Bridge and looking for a sunset.
Cynthia took these pictures out the car window. Cool, yea.
January 8
Last day...bye Kai, you cutie you, sleeping off his walk with Lofty Dogs.


text: Subpages (14): 2015-2016 School Supply Lists 2015 Canned Food Drive Crossing Guard Needed! CROSSING GUARDS NEEDED! December Newletter February Newsletter Helpful Hints and tips for State Testing Jog-A-Thon- Friday, October 2nd Mark your Calendar May / June Newsletter New Indistrict Transfer Policy for 2016-2017 School Year Prepare Your Students for Success Staff Development Day in January Upcoming Kindergarten Registration


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YouGov in the United Kingdom says "Respondents receive a small incentive for completing YouGov surveys. The purpose is to ensure that samples are as representative as possible, and that responses are not tilted towards those passionately interested in the subject of the particular survey."
Legitimate surveys are usually unpaid (as with Gallup poll) or incentivized (as with YouGov). Surveys where the respondent must pay or purchase products to join a panel are generally scams, as are sites that disappear before paying the participants. Legitimate surveys do not need credit card information from respondents.
It's simple really - lots of companies do paid market research to find out what the general public think and want. They want "ordinary" consumers to voice their opinions on new products before they are released to the general public. Your opinion is valuable. They commission market research organisations to do paid surveys to find out what you and I think, so we can get cash for surveys for our opinion whilst trying to influence things!
Paid surveys are not new, despite all the hoopla. Marketing research firms have been paying consumers to participate in surveys, focus groups and such for awhile now. But the Web has granted them a more-efficient way to collect data. So, many now conduct legit online paid surveys and other types of paid online marketing research.
There are lots of online paid survey companies that aren't great, so we've done some market research and detailed our favourite legitimate paid survey companies, to help you earn the most money.
This way you can show them that you are serious about your SoundCloud following and actively working on your music career. If someone comes to your profile and sees that you haven't put up anything in a long time, they will leave in an instant.
Don't think you have to write long, detailed descriptions. At least one or two sentences should do it. At first you will probably find it boring, hard or even awkward, but being able to write and talk about your music will help you a lot in the long run.
Extra things you can add are purchase links (Bandcamp, iTunes, Google Play etc.), album/mixtape name, genres, social links of the artists featured, website link, release dates, tour dates, and others. The description should be relevant to the respective upload and helpful/interesting for your followers, so keep them in mind when writing it.
The most important thing to remember when you upload any of your songs on this social network is to increase SoundCloud plays for that. You would be shocked to know that most people upload their music and then just hope that people will come across it which does not work due to the high volumes of new artists signing up everyday. This is a network that allows you to reach out to an unlimited amount of people so with the right guidance you will be able to increase SoundCloud plays within a short period of time. The more plays you have, the more likes, comments, re posts and downloads you will receive so you need to do what you can to get SoundCloud plays for the tracks you are uploading to your profile.


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GNC West LinnStore's name : CASCADE SUMMIT
Address & Contacts
(503) 655-4813
97068 West Linn
Opening Times
|10:00am - 7:00pm
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|12:00am - 5:00pm
Warning, Stores-Locator.com is a participative website where everyone can indicate the opening hours, please let us know if you notice any mistake.
GNC West Linn is usually open Sunday.
These times do not include public holidays. To see if your store is open these days, contact them.
- Health & beauty shops
- GNC in Oregon City 22 OREGON CITY S/C
- GNC in Oregon City 19049 S BEAVERCREEK ROAD
- GNC in Lake Oswego 90 B AVENUE
- GNC in Oregon City (3.68 km)
- Walgreens in Gladstone (3.76 km)
- GNC in Oregon City (6.29 km)
- Latitude : 45.363585
- Longitude : -122.64677
Your opinionYou are a customer or you know GNC West Linn ? Help future customers by leaving your review and rating this store!
6200 stores GNC in the U.S. registered on Stores-Locator.com
General Nutrition Corporation is a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania-based American commercial enterprise focused on the retail sale of health and nutrition related products, including vitamins, supplements, minerals, herbs, sports nutrition, diet, and energy products. GNC stores typically stock a wide range of weight loss, bodybuilding, nutritional supplements, vitamins, natural remedies, and health and beauty products, in both its owned brands… more about GNC
Reading of the moment...
Stella And Dot: From jewelry to apparelThe successful jewelry brand is planning a major evolution for this Spring: some items of clothing will be introduced in a few weeks.
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Felicity Jones Lands Lead in Stand-alone Star Wars Film
Meanwhile, Aaron Paul is on the want list for the male lead.
Felicity Jones's ascent continues, as The Hollywood Reporter writes that the lead in one of the stand-alone Star Wars movies is as good as hers. Two weeks ago, Rooney Mara and Tatiana Maslany looked like front-runners for Gareth Edwards's project. After testing last week in L.A., however, Lucasfilm and Disney are courting The Theory of Everything actress. Not much else is known about the movie, except Aaron Paul has made the want list for the male lead. Unfortunately, we'll have to wait until December 16, 2016, to find out if that character shares his penchant for the word bitch.


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LUJAN, Argentina (AP) - April 14, 2014 --It's a draw for a new Argentine soccer team named after Pope Francis.
The Papa Francisco team played to a 2-2 tie in its first official game.
Organizers say the semi-professional team is devoted to "no hooligans, no violence and no insults."
But two players from each team were ejected during the first match.
Pope Francis is an avid soccer fan.
But he has no official ties to the club named in his honor.


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NEW YORK, Sept 7 (Reuters) - Citigroup Inc has promoted Chief Investment Officer Mike Verdeschi to the vacant post of treasurer, according to a memo on Thursday from Chief Financial Officer John Gerspach.
The previous treasurer, James von Moltke, resigned in April to become chief financial officer of Deutsche Bank (DBKGn.DE). Verdeschi joined Citi in 1990 and became chief investment officer in 2015, according to the memo, which was seen by Reuters. (Reporting by David Henry in New York; Editing by Andrew Hay)


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Ex-Platinum CEO Gets Nine Years
Dominic Antonucci, one-time CEO of the now-defunct broker-dealer, pled guilty on May 19, 2005 to securities fraud, tampering with evidence and conspiring to commit securities fraud, wire fraud and mail fraud.
Antonucci was also sentenced to three...
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303 1201 Marinaside Crescent, Vancouver MLS®: R2274356
VIEW! VIEW! VIEW! "The Peninsula", developed by Concord Pacific, Only steps to Marinaside Seawall, 2 bedroom + Den (3rd Bedroom) with Entertainment 600 sqft Terrace overlooking the Marinaside ocean view, Open concept kitchen with granite counters. Solarium, Miele appliances, new lighting, custom cabinets, crown moulding, updated fireplace. Excellent amenities: Concierge, indoor pool, gym, sauna, swirlpool, Steps to seawall, Round House Community Center, Elsie Roy Elementary, David Lam Park, stores & restaurants. Don't miss this great opportunity to own to enjoy fantastic views & Yaletown lifestyle in the most unique waterfront neighbourhood of the city.
Taxes (2017): $2,826.55
- Exercise Centre
- In Suite Laundry
- Pool; Indoor
- Sauna/Steam Room
- Swirlpool/Hot Tub
- ClthWsh
- Dryr
- Frdg
- Stve
Site Influences
- Central Location
- Marina Nearby
- Recreation Nearby
- Shopping Nearby
- Waterfront Property
Similar Listings
Listed By: Royal Pacific Tri-Cities Realty
Disclaimer: Listing data is based in whole or in part on data generated by the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver and Fraser Valley Real Estate Board which assumes no responsibility for its accuracy.


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The last few weeks has been quite a nail-biter for owners of various ASUS-branded tablets. While ASUS manufactures the mouthwatering Jelly Bean-powered Nexus 7 tablet, immediate speculation came regarding ASUS' existing tablets and whether or not they too would get some Android 4.1 lovin' too. Apparently, ASUS reps at a conference in the Netherlands stated not all of their tablets would get Jelly Bean, which understandably caused major concern for specifically owners of the older legacy tablets like the Eee Pad Transformer TF101 and Eee Pad Slider SL101 tablets. In addition, the same source highlighted the Jelly Bean rollout for select devices is unclear, but could perhaps begin in October.
However, in some expected damage control— ASUS Germany then denied their colleagues from the Netherlands have made such a statement about TF101/SL101. In fact— ASUS Germany believes that the idea ASUS reps in the Netherlands only confirmed Android 4.1 upgrade for TF201/TF300/TF700 tablets is just pure speculation. According to ASUS Germany's current information, the Eee Pad Transformer TF101 and Eee Pad Slider SL101 tablets will also enjoy Android 4.1 upgrade too.
We're not sure who we can believe, but we'll wait for an official statement from ASUS headquarters regarding this. Nevertheless, if you're an owner of one of the premium model ASUS tablets out there, you'll want to keep your fingers crossed and hope that you'll get the Jelly Bean update. In the meantime, we'll be sure to keep you posted if we hear of any news folks.
source: Pocketdroid


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The 96 Liverpool football fans who died in Britain's worst-ever sporting disaster, the 1989 Hillsborough football stadium crush, were unlawfully killed, with police failures to blame, a jury hearing inquests into the deaths concluded on Tuesday (local time).
The victims, many young, died in an overcrowded, fenced-in enclosure at the Hillsborough stadium in Sheffield, northern England, at an FA Cup semi-final against Nottingham Forest on a warm, sunny afternoon in April 27 years ago.
Harrowing images of young fans crushed against metal fences, bodies lying on the pitch and spectators using wooden advertising hoardings as makeshift stretchers horrified the nation.
The Hillsborough tragedy, which happened within minutes of kick-off, changed the face of English football. Banks of terracing and metal fences around pitches disappeared, replaced by modern, all-seated venues and better security.
It also led to a cover-up by police who initially accused aggressive, drunken, ticketless Liverpool fans of being responsible by forcing their way into the stadium.
New inquests were ordered in December 2012 when London's High Court quashed accidental death verdicts from 21 years earlier after an independent inquiry found new evidence and absolved the fans of any responsibility.
The jury overseeing the new inquests ruled that the fans had been unlawfully killed and that police commanders had made mistakes in the build-up to the match and on the day itself, the BBC reported.
They also absolved Liverpool fans of any role in causing the crush.
The Crown Prosecution Service said it was considering whether criminal charges should be brought against individuals or any corporate body.


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Rating: 3/5
Publisher: Narbeh Avanessian
Publication Date: April 28, 2014
Origins: From Author for Review
Book Links: Amazon / Barnes & Noble
Synopsis: What does the man who has everything want? The answer is simple: for it to never end. Jackson Riley is a young billionaire living in the year 2052 with a single obsession - to discover immortality within his lifetime. But what happens when this obsession tears him apart from reality and his one true love Nicole? And why have untraceable special agents taken an interest in his medical experiments? Counterfeit Youth is an emotionally charged sci-fi thriller that explores the concept of happiness, and what it means to live forever.
Review: Seeing his father get sick and grow frail has led Jackson Riley on a quest for immortality. With his ample resources, he has the best scientists working on a cure for aging. He's also had work done to look as youthful as a twenty-year-old. As a result, he's lost his true love and high-school sweetheart, Nicole. He's also caught the interest of a special branch of the government which strives to keep anti-aging research under wraps. Is immortality worth the cost? COUNTERFEIT YOUTH is sharp and well-written, easily capturing and holding the attention of readers. I could easily see this novella becoming a full length novel. Some of the characters do come across as one dimensional, but I feel it's a failing of the length of the story not in the ability of the author. Obsession is an unhealthy emotional attachment and COUNTERFEIT YOUTH serves as warning for those who would fall into the abyss. The author has a style which will suit him well in his future creations.