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'The system of management in a society shapes the character and effectiveness of its institutions of government, business and community. The character if these institutions in turn effect the type and future of that society.'
-Peter Senge, MIT.
This is my second essay on Nepali management and organizational realities and a preliminary strategy for transforming them. The aim of the first essay, titled 'The Jagir Culture in Nepali State Organizations' (The Kathmandu Post, June 6 & 13, 1993) was to reveal the predominant management culture and practices in Nepali public organizations and institutions. That essay presented some of the key traditions and practices that, in my observation, continue to shape the management of our public institutions.
The current essay "Chakari, Karma and Ke Garne" offers a deeper view of some of the rituals, practices and beliefs that embody the attitudes, strategies and actions of managers and leaders of Nepali public and state institutions.
The challenge, I believe, is to research, design and apply management models and practices that are more effective for the current reality and future challenges of Nepal. In the west, the system and practices of management that powered their industrial development is undergoing fundamental changes. But in Nepal,the feudal managerial system (or the Jagir culture), though inefficient and ineffective, remains unchanged.
The intention of this series is to provoke a wider public dialogue about the challenge of transforming our organizations.
My purpose in these essays is to assist the design and development of models and practices based on the "ground" realities of our country. Change, reform, and transformation occur within the space of what is, the way it is; with people as they are, where they are, how they are; with what you have, however much or little you have.
Clearly, we Nepalese must accept the responsibility for undertaking this journey. Only then will we gain the courage, the freedom, the wisdom and skillful means to effective transform current reality.
In the Jagir Culture, three of the most essential principles and practices are reflected in the words CHAKARI, AFNO MANCHE and ADESH. The central claim in this essay is that the CHAKARI, AFNO MANCHE, ADESH, KARMA and KE GARNE continue to shape and reinforce the centuries- old Nepali model and practices of management and leadership, despite their ineffectiveness and inefficiencies.
Given the nature of the Jagir Culture, my contention has been that it is extremely difficult for even highly educated persons to take a stand, to think independently, to manage according to more modern and successful management models and values. Neither the existing public and private educational system (nor the western model) nor the current strategies of aid and development proved effective in enabling Nepalese to challenge the Jagir Culture. Undoubtedly, there have been incremental changes and developments in many sectors of Nepal. However, the feudal mind set and management models and traditions based in them have remained quite intact-despite huge investment over the past forty years. This powerful and invisible structure of beliefs, attitudes, and patterns of behavior of the ruling elite and their coterie continue to dominate Nepal.
A successful process of transformation begins with an honest examination and acceptance of the current realities, paradigms, models, traditions and practices prevalent today. The medical profession offers us a helpful metaphor. When a patient consults a medical doctor, he/she expects to hear an honest and accurate diagnosis. Does a patient get upset at the doctor for diagnosing, for example, that he/she has liver cirrhosis? Does the patient accuse the doctor of being critical or biased? It's only the when patient accepts the reality of the cirrhosis that there is an opening or possibility for a new future.
In the same manner, one of my intentions is to offer a diagnosis of what is ailing Nepali institutions. The importance of examining the current reality were precisely pointed by the 16th century Italian consultant/counselor, Machiavelli,
"At the beginning, a disease is easy to cure but difficult to diagnose; but as time passes, (the disease) not having been recognized or treated at the outset, it becomes easy to diagnose but difficult to cure."
In my experience, Nepali institutions are a critical juncture. If we continue to pretend or ignore the disease afflicting them, it will become easier to diagnose but difficult to cure. Some would go so far as to argue that Nepali organizations have reached the chronic incurable stage where major breakdowns and catastrophe is imminent. However, my deepest conviction is that it is possible to treat this disease.
The recent introduction of a western-style parliamentary political system has, in my observation, further encouraged and reinforced the Jagir Culture.
Decades after the end of the Rana regime, a similar pattern of intrigue, betrayal, treachery, backstabbing, mistrust, lying, cheating, swindling, misuse of public funds and authority, chakari, afno manche, management by adesh, misinformation, and suppression of critical or innovative thinking are vividly evident.
A generous interpretation could be that people find themselves in a catch-22 situation. In order to avoid or minimize the risks and instability arising from betrayal and treachery, chakari and afno manche are encouraged.
CHAKARI, AFNO MANCHE, ADESH, KARMA and KE GARNE are commonly used words in everyday conversations among Nepalese. Even the illiterate understand the meaning of these words, would be able to tell you what kinds of behavior are associated with each word, and when and how a particular behavior is required. They might even venture to say that the more skillful you are in this tradition (of chakari, afno manche and adesh), the more successful you will become. In my observation, there is an unspoken operating belief that to get ahead in Nepal, one must learn these skills (whether as a hakim, jagirdar or businessman).
The principle and practice of chakari seems to have taken root during the Rana years. The Rana demanded it, encouraged it, rewarded people for it and judged people by it. A lack of chakari could result in some form of penalty or negative consequences. On the other hand, the right level of chakari could lead to special favors.
What is chakari? Chakari "means to wait upon, to serve, to seed favor". It is a "passive form of behavior to demonstrate dependency with the aim of eliciting favors. Instead of efficient fulfillment of duties (and responsibilities), persistence in chakari is seen as merit, and with enough merit favors may be granted" (pg 89, Bista, Fatalism and Development) by the hakim or thulo manche.
During the Rana years, chakari required that the subordinated visit the Rana Prime Minister or the big hakim everyday at a certain hour much as the ritual of going to a temple in the mornings to make offerings and to get a "darshan" of the Lord What is important it note is that- every now and then, someone would be granted a favor, such as a job, the right transfer or promotion for performing the right digress of chakari.
This practice was encouraged and some would say demanded the during the panchayat rule. The current reshuffling and bargaining among the political parties for ministerial berths in the new western style parliamentary system seems to have elevated the practice if chakari and afno manche to its former status. Even the smallest of public organizations are affected by this practice. Witness the transfers and appointments of project managers, department directors, field level officers, etc. over the last three years.
In our public institutions, one particular form or chakari takes place daily - yet it goes unquestioned. A senior hakim keeps his subordinates waiting around just in case he needs them. The subordinates are quite are quite willing to sit around (without having to produce any results) to be at his beck and call and thus demonstrate loyalty and subservience. The hakims seem to be quite nonplussed by the fact that they are not being productive, that they spend more time reading the newspaper, debating the latest political rumors wondering who is being transferred where or just drinking tea and chit-chatting.
Results and performance are not, after all, the yardstick by which staff or their hakims are judged or evaluated. The consensus seems to be "It's who you are connected to, which party you belong to, and who you have been able to bribe or share the loot with" that really matters. This principle seems to apply at levels within the bureaucracy- from the senior secretary, to the department directors and on down.
The majority of educated Nepalese will say " Ke garne, chakari is essential. This is Nepal and one must do it to survive. "Such a world- view only solidifies the reality they unquestionably believe they are living in. It becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy.
A westerner must be cautious in playing the chakari game. There's a risk that she/he will be perceived as week and unimportant or as arrogant and inflexible. In either case, people quickly conclude that she/he is ignorant of the game.
I recommend that a westerner begin by becoming an observer of this ritual practice, and then only consider taking some initial steps. It would be helpful to have a Nepali guide while journeying through this unknown territory.
Afno manch is another key principle in our bureaucratic, political and public institutions. Along with chakari, it is one of first lessons people learn while growing up. It seems the longer a Nepali family has been associated with the Kathmandu elites the greater the focus in establishing the right afno manche connections.
What is afno manche? Afno manche is "used to designate one'e inner circle of associates- and refers to those who can be approached whenever a need arise. The strength or weakness of anyone is measured in terms of the quality and quantity of the circles of afno manche he/she is part of." (pg 98, Bista, Fatalism and Development)
A term often used by western observers is patronage. However, in my experience is that afno manche is that afno manche covers a wider set of behaviors and expectations than patronage.
Recent changes in political leadership clearly demonstrate how this tradition lives and guides the selection, appointment, transfer and promotion of people within our public institutions. Chakari and afno manche are closely interrelated. To establish afno manche connections the critical elements are:
1. Family connections (which is an extensive network),
2. Loyalty to a particular thulo manche or person;
3. Affiliation to a political party (particularly the party in power), or other associations;
4. Bribery and "commissions".
It also includes a willingness to pay obeisance, display the right degree of chakari, not criticize your afno manche regardless of the issue, blindly follow adesh from your thulo manche, make the right offering (chadaunu), praise your "boss" publicly and defend his/her reputation despite evidence to the contrary, be willing to accept requests for favors even if it costs the organization or country.
At first, many Nepalese probably protest that any changes in the tradition of afno manche go against the grain of Nepali culture. However, what is interesting to note is that people complain about the use of the afno manche connection when it goes against their favour or expectations. But, if and when they can use afno manche to get what they want, they are happy and proud of it. Should the afno manche connection not be used, you would be considered foolish and stupid. As a minister, hakim or politician or thulo manche, you lose respect and/or support if you fail to at least go through the motions the of accepting the request of those who consider themselves as afno manche.
An example of a powerful (and invisible) afno manche connection is called Nepali "phariya ko nata" which can be translated as the sari connection (through your wife or through marriage). Hence, a proper match in the marriage of a son or daughter plays a critical role in making afno manche connections.
In conversation, you can hear people make such comments as "whole afno manche are you? Do you have an afno manche in that office or ministry? Send your afno manche to that place to get a more accurate reading of the situation." These are important role in making things happen or negotiating when things get stuck.
Afno manche is also an essential tradition of Nepali political and bureaucratic culture. Politicians and bureaucrats are expected to help afno manche through such actions as getting them a government job, the right transfer, a study tour abroad, bend the rule to award a bid contract, obtain a loan from the government owned bank, or a telephone, and more, importantly, the benefits of commissions and payoffs. The recent changes in government have amply demonstrated that many a new Director, or Project Manager or General Manager owes his/her appointment to a strong afno manche connection within the ruling party.
In other uncorrupted forms, afno manche helps to open doors, obtain information quickly, complete paperwork in time, bypass bureaucratic hurdles, speed up the movement of your file for approval, save you from unnecessary hassle at any number of bureaucratic situations, or help resolve a conflict.
A Brief footnote:
The word Sarkar refers to the King as well as his administrative structure, authority and power. Today, the administration of a democratically elected government is still called in Nepali "Shree Panch Ko Sarkar" (His Majesty's Government) much as it was earlier. It is important to recognize that the word government is not the same as sarkar.
To govern means being accountable to the people, respecting a certain set of values and ethics, following the rule of law, and a sense of "stewardship" or trust ship, taking care of the welfare of the people who have entrusted their authority to the leaders, the trustees.
However, when people say that they are a jagirdar in Shree Panch ko saekar, they are referring to the historic meaning and implications from the days of the all powerful monarch. Hence, the axiom I wrote in the first essay" A jagirdar is not a public servant, rather the public serves him."
For a hakim in Nepali public institutions, a key management tool is "adesh" - an order or directive. The predominant style of management is through adesh. In the lexicon of a hakim, this is the operative word. Hakim believe that to be an effective manager, one has to issue as many orders or adeshes as possible. If the adesh is not followed, either you punish the persons (if you can get away with it and the other person does not have or use a more powerful afno manche connection) or you find reasons and excuses why the work or results did not get done.
In fact, it can be observed that a hakim knows of no way to manage other than by issuing adesh- regarded of its impact. As a subordinate, the main duty, so people believe, is to await and carry out an adesh. Subordinates will often say that since they have not received an adesh, they cannot take any action or don't know where and how to proceed next. Or that the adesh is not clear and precise.
The game is to issue as many adesh as you possible can get away with (or if you want to play timid, do not issue any adesh at all without a written clearance from above). This allows bureaucrats to play by their own rules, without informing the public why and when these rules are being changed, and whose interpretation they are following.
A jagirdar must carefully decide which adesh to obey or oppose, subtly undermine or find ways to counter and invalidate. He or she will also issue as many adesh or orders as he can get away with or find the right bribe to have hem accepted. A hakim will also find many excused or reasons as to why the results were not produced or job done regardless of the adesh when he is not included in the sharing of the bribe. He is always on the lookout for the afno manche connection of the people his is dealing with and will seek ways to force people to drop money or paisa jarnu. *
Of course, there are exceptions- some hakims are frustrated and ineffective, others are not promoted despite their clear competence and experience, still others quit and go elsewhere.
In organizations what, we have observed is that there seems to be an inverse proportion between orders and commitment. The more adesh or orders are issued, the lower the degree of commitment and responsibility of the rest of the people in the organization.
If just issuing adesh and directives would really generate effective actions and results, Nepal would probably have achieved a much higher level of development. Our managers and bureaucreats are experts in issuing adesh under the mistaken belief that it will achieve the desired results. They have yet to wake up to the reality that issuing adesh doesn't equal effectiveness. Nor do they recognize that to produce results requires a lot more than formulating policies, making decisions and issuing adesh.
In other words they seemed to be immersed in a pool of "avidya" or ignorance, falsely believing that issuing adesh or directives is the way to manage people and organizations. I often hear them say " If only the lower staff would do… or if only the others had done their job…or it's their fault …etc." They blame others or the external situation as to why their adesh didn't produce the desired results. Our senior bureaucrats and politicians are experts at this game.
Another common phenomenon in public institutions is that conflicting decisions and adesh are given-often without any consultation with the other hakims. When this happens, there is often no forward movement or action. Or sometimes, it erupts in dispute, conflicts leading to costly delays. Of course, the fact that it costs the public treasury or inflicts losses and hardships or the others is of minor importance.
Who is accountable for the adesh and its impact and benefits or lack of? NO ONE, it seems. A crucial question in Nepal is "Who is going to guard the guardians of our nation, who themselves are stealing from the national treasury." This concern was also publicly shared by the new president of the World Bank, James Wolfenson, when he declared that the Bank "and its partners in government must be accountable-and must be seen to spend scarce resources wisely and well…and that projects must be well managed and corruption eliminated."
KARMA and KE GARNE
The common everyday understanding (among Nepalese) of kama is that "your future is already written down for you". People put one hand on their forehead to indicate that it is written down there. According to this understanding, you are where you are, your health, your skills and capacity are what they are, your situation is what it is because it is your karma or fate. Implicit in this understanding is the devastating meaning that "there is nothing you can do to change your karma and hence your future. Ke garne." So, accept it, pray to the gods to change it, do a lot of chakari, and establish the right afno manche connections. Accept that this is your fate and therefore it's pointless to take any action to change your current reality (according to the common understanding of karma).
This commonly accepted meaning of karma reflects only one side of the coin - "that where we are today is the result of our past karma, so ke garne! There is nothing one can do to change the situation, the way I am or where I am. It is all my karma. And, Karma can not be changed". Such saying reveal, in my view, that we Nepalese have forgotten the other side of Karma.
Given this erroneous view and understanding of karma, it is not surprising that employees of public organizations are immersed in a mood of resignation, apathy and cynicism. In other words, people believe that the patterns from the past will repeat itself in the future regardless of who the new hakim, or manager or Prime Minister, or no matter what the circumstances. In this mood, people believe the future holds no new possibilities for them. It is quite hopeless. So, why bother, or as we say in Nepali, "Kinna tauoko dukahaunoo" (why give yourself a headache over it).
The result seems to be that people then conclude that the best strategy is to look out exclusively for one's own interest and gain. If you are a hakim, then you might justify yourself by saying, "I don't know how long I am going to have this opportunity. So, I am going to enrich myself as much I can get away with before I am removed from this position."
Any fundamental change effort must address and shift this prevailing mood of resignation and cynicism in Nepali public organizations and institutions. To initiate such a shift requires that we re-interpret the concepts of karma so as to enable and empower people to take charge to their own lives and future.
On the other side of the coin, karma means that the actions we take today shape our future. That who are now- our current attitudes, thoughts, behaviors and action - will influence and affect who we will be and how we live tomorrow. Karma is always in flux, fluid and changing. This means we can change and create our karma. This meaning of karma has power and freedom in it.
In the work of community development, if the poor continue to believe in and accept the commonly accepted view of karma as the only reality, then our efforts and actions will continue to perpetuate this reality.
As professionals, politicians and educators we must first reinterpret and reinvent karma for ourselves. when we have changed our own understanding and view of karma, we will be able to, spontaneously and effectively, help others to see both sides of karma.
The law of karma means that our attitudes, thoughts and actions of today influence the flow of life tomorrow and thus shape who and what we will be in future.
We must never forget that we posses the ability to create and determine how and why we act. It is through our actions, words and thoughts that we have a choice.
There is real power and freedom when we understand and take to heart this meaning of Karma.
The concepts of Ke garne can be viewed as a continuum. On one end this indicates apathy, fatalism and ignorance. On the other end it means accepting life as it is and being at peace with it. So, for instance, people can be quite tolerant and accepting of such circumstances as the weather, of other people idiosyncrasies and patterns, of bumping into each other in a crowded street. However, missing in Nepal is an attitudes best revealed in the saying of St. Francis of Asissi (paraphrased) as: "Lord, please give me the courage to chance what can be changed; to accept with peace what cannot be changed; and the wisdom to know the difference between the two."
What is needed is a campaign to communicate, teach and help people fully understand karma fully. Taking this meaning of karma to heart has the power to dispel the mood of resignation, cynicism and apathy so widely prevalent in Nepal. With this view and knowledge of karma, people can be motivated to take responsibility for their lives, for their work and for influencing their common future.
Many educated Nepalese and western friends and acquaintances express frustration and impatience with current reality despite billions of dollars of aid, grants and loans. Isn't it paradoxical that this very investment, (while generating some benefits) has reinforced the invisible structures that continue to keep Nepal impoverished in thought and action. Westerners seem to be ignorant, or it they are aware, keep silent about the urgency of transforming the Jagir Culture. Most Nepalese and westerners alike seem to find it too risky to public voice their opinions. While many others are engaged in perpetuating and preserving the Nepali way as practiced in the Jagir Culture.
These five- CHAKARI, AFNO MANCHE, ADESH, KARMA and KE GARNE - are like the poisons that, according to Buddhism, keep us immersed in suffering: ignorance, attachment, anger, jealousy, greed and aggression. To liberate ourselves it is absolutely essential that we dissipate and transform these poisons through awareness, commitment, effort and the help of a teacher/coach. In addition, what drives us is our attachment to hope and fear. We hope for praise, gain, fame pleasure while fearing blame, loss, disgrace and discomfort. What we must do is turn this thinking upside down, becoming indifferent to these hopes and unmoved by these fears.
In Nepali institutions the poisons of chakari, afno manche, adesh and ke garne must be transformed into the nectar of performance, teamwork, participation, responsibility and commitment.
We need to develop leaders who are fearless and indifferent to praise or blame, gain or loss, pleasure and discomfort. Even if we were to nourish such a group of bold leaders today, it may take several generations to establish new norms, traditions and practices by which organization are managed,
There aren't, it seems, any quick and easy solutions. No magic formula or solution. The longer we delay a real honest and open public examination about the current reality and the need for urgent and fundamental reforms, the more, I believe, Nepal will continue to slide into poverty, disharmony and ignorance.
The process of transformation must begin with us, Nepalese. We must build a coalition of bold and committed Nepalese who are willing to ignite and drive this process. To start with, we must set up a practice field where a dozen or more organizations (and including more in subsequent years) can begin to study, experiment, innovate and implement more effective approaches and models of management and leadership. Through this cycle of study, learning, innovation and practice, we will be able to pioneer and develop appropriate and effective models and practices for Nepal.
Donors, aid agencies and multilateral banks (WB, ADB, etc) share a major responsibility for educating, encouraging, and persisting with the political and bureaucratic leadership to seriously undertake a process of transforming our public organizations.
We must learn from the ideas and experiences of management innovators in both the East and West. In the last decade or so, new thinking in quantum physics, biology, neuro-sciences, and cognition is triggering a fundamental shift in theories and practices of management and organization. In addition, we must seriously begin to draw upon the wisdom of Eastern spiritual traditions. Isn't ironic that while western scientists are now examining the wisdom of these practices, while we, Nepalese, continue to ignore it in our country.
"The article was written 22 years ago. The author believes that the underlying patterns he asserts are still alive today, with the additional patterns of corrupt practices of the multi-party political system. The current leadership believe they are not accountable to anyone, that they are above the law of the land,
and in essence believe they are the new feudal masters.
So, it is not enough just to rebuild houses, schools, and roads. We have to transform the underlying patterns of feudal management and leadership behavior and ways of thinking. Of course it is easier said than done. Will the big donors and agencies admit that they don't know how to help with such a transformation, nor that they have the guts to do so. Neither will wishful thinking, complaining, or pretending these patterns don't really exist help."
Ravi Pradhan is
the founder of Karuna Management and has over two decades of experience
as an international consultant and trainer in management and
organizational effectiveness. His current focus is on change management
and leadership as well as on introducing mindfulness based emotional
intelligence. He lives in Nepal and Vietnam where he is working on a
similar mission.
Other articles by same author:


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- What is fingolimod, and how does it work (mechanism of action)?
- What brand names are available for fingolimod?
- Is fingolimod available as a generic drug?
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- What is the dosage for fingolimod?
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- Is fingolimod safe to take if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
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What is fingolimod, and how does it work (mechanism of action)?
Fingolimod is an oral medication used for treating multiple sclerosis (MS). Its mechanism of action is unknown, although it may work by reducing the number of circulating lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell), leading to reduced migration of white blood cells into the central nervous system. White blood cells cause inflammation and destruction of nerves in patients with MS. Fingolimod does not cure MS. It decreases the number of MS flares and slows down the development of physical disability caused by MS. The FDA approved fingolimod in September 2010.
What are the side effects of fingolimod?
The most common side effects are:
Fingolimod may decrease heart rate, especially after the first dose. Patients should be observed for signs and symptoms of low heart rate for 6 hours after the first dose. Fingolimod may increase the risk of infections. Signs and symptoms of infection should be monitored during treatment and for two months after discontinuation of treatment. Fingolimod should not be administered to patients who have an infection. Fingolimod may cause inflammation of the eye (uveitis) and other eye problems. Therefore, visual acuity should be checked prior to starting therapy, 3 to 4 months after initiation of therapy, and during routine patient evaluation. Fingolimod has also been associated with difficulty breathing. Fingolimod reduces the white blood cell count, and this effect may last for 2 months after treatment is discontinued.
Quick GuideMultiple Sclerosis (MS) Symptoms and Treatment
What is the dosage for fingolimod?
The recommended dose is 0.5 mg orally once daily, with or without food. Doses higher than 0.5 mg cause more adverse reactions without providing additional benefit.
Which drugs or supplements interact with fingolimod?
The blood levels of fingolimod are increased when combined with ketoconazole (Nizoral, Extina, Xolegel, Kuric). This may increase the incidence of side effects.
Vaccines may be less effective during and up to 2 months after discontinuation of fingolimod treatment. Live attenuated vaccines should not be administered during and for 2 months after fingolimod treatment because of the risk of infection.
When combined with drugs that decrease heart rate (for example, atenolol [Tenormin]) there is an additional 15% reduction of heart rate.
Is fingolimod safe to take if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Fingolimod has not been adequately studied in pregnant women.
It is not known whether fingolimod is secreted in breast milk.
What else should I know about fingolimod?
What preparations of fingolimod are available?
Capsules: 0.5 mg.
How should I keep fingolimod stored?
Fingolimod should be stored at room temperature, 15 C - 30 C (59 F - 86 F).
Fingolimod (Gilenya) is a drug prescribed for reducing the frequency of relapses and delaying the physical disability in individuals with relapsing forms of MS (multiple sclerosis). Side effects, drug interactions, warnings and precautions, and pregnancy information should be reviewed prior to taking any medication.
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Author: Christine Monge
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Delaware Area Career Center students were nominated for a Student Emmy Award for their production of a Del-Co Water corporate video. Del-Co Water: A Visual Tour
Lead in Home Plumbing The EPA requires Del-Co Water to monitor for certain substances, one of which is lead. Del-Co Water test results have always been in compliance with EPA Lead and Copper Rules. Elevated levels can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water comes primarily from materials…


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If the site admin can't even bother to answer the question, it's highly unlikely they're going to fix it.
Shame. This was the best site.
I agree Captain Murphy, "was" being the relivent word. It's such a shame that this problem can not be sorted.
??? nobody can fix this easy problem? close the hole forum!
nobody has an idea??
After the new disign of the forum I can not edit the previous post to add new links. Browser is Google Chrome.
And on the old version of FireFox you can not have the active field to get the new post.
Earlier everything was OK.
Where can I find my favourites in this new design?
I can't seem to change pages in the forums. I can change pages in all the posts like I did to get to this second page.
Hi guys,
Where can i find new posts now?
Ones at the top of each is the newest.
The favorites still cant be sorted correctly. They sort by first post now, and still not latest. F.ex if the first post in a thread was 5 years ago, itll say "Latest post 5 years ago".
Hello Moderators!
Please do not close the older threads!
Do not close the threads of the old models because of the appearence of the new links.
We want to develop the older threads because we love the old models.
It's not possible to create new posts or edit the existing ones, only replying is working
Not sure what you mean, It might depend on which device / browser you are using to view the forum.
New topic only appears at the bottom of the page on my android phone but I can edit OK
What are you using to view?
I'm using chrome on an android phone,
And the only possibility to post is the quick reply. In all the other cases the Post button is pink and not clickable.
You are right, I can edit ok using chrome on my computer but not on an Android phone. Also unable to post via reply on Android.
Also there are no obvious links to things like PM's and My Discussions on Android for me
Hopefully Vatsis will be able to test these.
Thanks for updating the forums but where is the 'logout'-button?
Android - where is My Discussions? Favourites? Post does not work when typing a reply or posting a new thread.
Hard to believe in 2018 a site is not capable of working on mobile devices!
updated forum looks nice but not all of the pictures for any models work.
you click on the teens group and the 1st 2 girls photos load then the next 3 are blank, and here and there the pictures work or don't work.
No answer as to where favourites has disappeared to yet?
GOLD STAR top Right corner.


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Properties to rent in Store Street, Horwich, Bolton BL6
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Detached house to rent - Just added
Chorley Old Road, Horwich, Bolton BL6
Newton & Co are delighted to offer for rent this unique and spacious detached family home offering an ideal flexible layout. The property offers three/four double bedrooms and two/ three ... read more
Terraced house to rent
Howarth Court, Horwich, Bolton BL6
This stunning three bedroom stone mews is located on the highly regarded Arcon Village in Horwich. The stylish accommodation has gas central heating, double glazing and briefly comprises; ... read more
Cottage to rent
The Granary, Brownlow Rd, Horwich BL6
A beautiful detached stone cottage; one bedroom, set in several acres of maintained gardens. Newly refurbished & part furnished. Ideal for long term lease. £800 pcm Available August 1st ... read more
Cottage to rent
George Street, Horwich, Bolton BL6
Charming 3 storey cottage, tucked away in this highly popular conservation area, nr the Parish Church, situated on the original cobbled street with feature street lights. Spacious ... read more
Cottage to rent
Quaint, Stunning and superbly presented stone cottage. Comprises: Stunning country Kitchen with a range of cream units, wooden work surfaces and some appliances, stone flagged floor and ... read more
Terraced house to rent
Crown Lane, Horwich, Bolton BL6
Three Bedroom Mid Terrace - Excellent Condition Throughout - Recently Refurbished To The Highest Standard - Modern Kitchen & High Vaulted Bathroom Ceiling with Electric Velux Window Regency ... read more
Terraced house to rent
Evans Street, Horwich, Bolton BL6
*** reduced! - available end of Sept***. Concept are delighted to offer to let this charming brick built three bedroom cottage in the very popular conservation area of Horwich with far ... read more
Bungalow to rent
Melbourne Close, Horwich, Bolton BL6
Three Bed Semi-Detached Dormer Bungalow - Spacious Corner Plot - Driveway & Garage - Long Term Let - Ideal Location in Horwich An excellent opportunity to rent this three bedroom ... read more
Semi-detached house to rent
Superb modern mews property, located in the popular area of Horwich within easy reach of Blackrod train station and the motorway networks. Two double bedrooms, nicely presented throughout. ... read more
Terraced house to rent
Dickinson Street West, Horwich, Bolton BL6
Two Bedroom Extended Mid-Terrace - High Quality Kitchen & Bathroom - Kitchen Extension - South Facing Rear Garden - Newly Re-Decorated - Popular Horwich Location within Walking Distance to ... read more
Flat to rent
We are pleased to have with us, this wonderfully spacious two bedroom flat, located in the heart of Horrich on Lee Lane. All local amenities are located just a short walk from the flats, ... read more


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The Legal Cheek View
The firm that acted for the claimants in the landmark case of Pyrrho Investments v MWB Property, which saw the use of artificial intelligence-derived 'predictive coding' in document review approved by the English courts for the first time, is one of the most bold and experimental in the City.
Where else do trainees get to tweet from a completely uncensored collective Twitter account – @LifeInALawFirm – that is as likely to feature jokey posts about late night bundling as on-message graduate recruitment tweets?
The internal set-up can feel more tech company than law firm at times. Reports one insider: "The open plan office and mixed pods means you sit with anyone from paralegals to partners (including the managing partner) and questions are positively encouraged." It's no coincidence that RPC has one of the highest scores for partner approachability in the Legal Cheek Trainee and Junior Lawyer Survey 2017-18.
A push towards agile working that has seen laptops introduced across the firm adds to the progressive vibe. As do trainee secondments to key clients.
Beneath all of this, though, are some very solid and traditional foundations. RPC has a longstanding reputation in its core practice areas of insurance, corporate and litigation which dates back well over a century. Indeed it was the firm's experience of handling large-scale disputes, rather than any native tech-savvy, that saw it instructed on the now widely-known Pyrrho case. And it is on the basis of this reputation, more than anything else, that RPC trades. The firm is particularly close to the insurance industry, with major clients including some of the sector's main players.
A relatively small London trainee intake of 15 gives the TC experience a personal touch. Trainees report that the balance between support and exposure to complex work is carefully calibrated, with "really good training with people at all levels willing to take a lot of time out to walk you through things."
While most secondments are with clients, a few lucky rookies get to spend time in the firm's Hong Kong and Singapore offices. Work/life balance is reasonable; an average arrive time of just after 9am and average leave time of approximately 7pm equates to a ten hour day. Note, however, some variations between departments. While one trainee told us that "most of my current team tend to have left the office by 6", others reported staying later.
Knitting all of this together is a collegiate culture that sees trainees allocated to 'houses' – it's "like Hogwarts!" one tells us. These groupings feature in the regular social events put on by the firm, offering a competitive element. Apparently you could "do something every night if you wanted to", with firm-organised activities including football, darts, a book club, a talent show and quiz nights. We understand that bottles of champagne and John Lewis Vouchers are liberally handed out to the winners.
The principle of awarding good performance is reflected in RPC's newly qualified pay, which, unlike rival law firms, is not set around a publicly disclosed fixed-rate, instead being "merit-based". As you would expect, this elicits the odd grumble, with some junior lawyers suggesting that it can allow the firm to pay average salaries that are towards the lower end of the City newly qualified solicitor payscale. Still, with profit per equity partner standing at £334,000 – down 8% despite a 2% rise in revenue this year to £103 million – RPC is one of the more generous firms when it comes to the ratio between junior and senior lawyer pay. And the firm's consistently good scores in the Legal Cheek Survey suggest that rookies are pretty happy with the deal.


text:
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Register for upcoming webinars, or meet us in person.
LEARN HOW RiseSmart can help
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We share the latest on building great companies and careers from around the Web.
It's been an incredible six days for RiseSmart. Last Wednesday, our company was named to the Red Herring Top 100 North America, a list ofthe year's most promising private technology ventures selected by the Red Herring editorial team.
Then, last night at a glittering gala at the Marriott Marquis in New York, we received the award for "Most Innovative Company of the Year (Up to 100 Employees)" at the 2011 American Business Awards, also known as the Stevies.
Our successes continue because of the passion and dedication of our entire team, and the trust and loyalty of our customers. With your ongoing support, there's no doubt that our momentum will keep going strong.
Need help? Contact us


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Terms and Conditions
The following Terms and Conditions apply to the use of this Web site as well as all transactions conducted through the site.
- Legal Notice
We ship mainly inside the US territories, through USPS tracking FREE.
Minimum Order US Dollars 100.00.
Orders from other countries with wire transfer will have a $100.00 bank fee.
We can use Buyer Fedex account. In order to ship with UPS on your account, we should receive UPS PRE-PRINTED LABEL before 5.00PM ET.
If you do not find the fuse you are looking for, please contact us because most of the times we have replacement fuse in another brand name.
All notices from Gamma Inc. to You may be posted on our Web site and will be deemed delivered within thirty (30) days after posting. Notices from You to Gamma Inc. shall be made either by e-mail, sent to the address we provide on our Web site, or first class mail to our address at:
Delivery shall be deemed to have been made by You to Gamma Inc. five (5) days after the date sent.
- Copyright
All content appearing on this Web site is the property of:
Gamma Inc.
Copyright © 2012-2018 Gamma Inc. All rights reserved. As a user, you are authorized only to view, copy, print, and distribute documents on this Web site so long as (1) the document is used for informational purposes only, and (2) any copy of the document (or portion thereof) includes the following copyright notice: Copyright © 2012-2018 Gamma Inc. All rights reserved.
- Trademarks
All brand, product, service, and process names appearing on this Web site are trademarks of their respective holders. Reference to or use of a product, service, or process does not imply recommendation, approval, affiliation, or sponsorship of that product, service, or process by Gamma Inc.. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as conferring by implication, estoppel, or otherwise any license or right under any patent, copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property right of Gamma Inc. or any third party, except as expressly granted herein.
- Use Of Site
This site may contain other proprietary notices and copyright information, the terms of which must be observed and followed. Information on this site may contain technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Information, including product pricing and availability, may be changed or updated without notice. Gamma Inc. and its subsidiaries reserve the right to refuse service, terminate accounts, and/or cancel orders in its discretion, including, without limitation, if Gamma Inc. believes that customer conduct violates applicable law or is harmful to the interests of Gamma Inc. and its subsidiaries.
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At this time, Gamma Inc. ships merchandise to locations within the United States and U.S. territories, including Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the US Virgin Islands. Additionally, Gamma Inc. ships merchandise to Canada and Mexico, but not to other international locations. The risk of loss and title for all merchandise ordered on this Web site pass to you when the merchandise is delivered to the shipping carrier.
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You may purchase merchandise from this Web site by using any one of the payment options listed in (link to Payment Options). Gamma Inc. reserves the right to change its payment procedures at any time without prior notice to you.
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text:
A missing teenager may have travelled to Catford and police are appealing to the public for help.
Blu King, 14, has gone missing from Hythe in Kent and was last seen on September 7 September.
Police believe he has travelled to Southend or Catford.
Blu is described as being 5ft 5ins tall with a medium build and cropped, black hair.
He was last seen wearing light denim jeans with tracksuit bottoms underneath and a matching jumper with 'Sneaker Freak' written on it.
He was also wearing a black puffer jacket and dark coloured trainers.
Anyone with information is asked to call Kent Police on 101 quoting 07-1347.


text:
Morilee Prom 42090
- Brand: Morilee Prom
- Style #: 42090 - Quick Delivery*
- Availability: In Stock
- $490
Floral Printed Two-Piece Ballgown Featuring a Delicately Beaded Bodice and Full A-Line Skirt. Colors Available: Pink Floral, Lavender Floral
Quick Delivery:
- Lavender Floral: 00, 2
- Pink Floral: 00, 2, 4
*A style on our web site listed as in-stock can usually be shipped today or next day for immediate delivery or quick delivery. An item listed as "Ships Today" can be sent the same business day as long as the order is placed before the cutoff time.


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A and K Enterprises is a general contractor serving the Garland, TX area since 1993.
Services include General Contractor, Home Improvement, New Construction, Design, Additions, Kitchen Remodeling, Bathroom Remodeling, Painting, Basement Finishing, Flooring, Hardwood Floors, Deck Building, Replacement Windows, Roofing, Siding, Insulation, Marble and Granite and Water & Fire Restoration.
Serving towns of Garland, McKinney, Frisco, Allen, Rowlett, Wylie, Rockwall, Little Elm,.. Terrell, Sachse, Murphy, Prosper, Royse City, Fairview, Lake Dallas, Fate, Princeton, Celina, Lucas and Sunnyvale.
Be the first to write a review! Write a Review »


text:
So, I mailed out my last Christmas cards today. Yesterday I ran all the exchange/return errands. The day before that, our tree finally was de-lighted and is now sitting in the yard thinking how it will soon be turned to mulch. The ornaments are packed in a bin sitting at the top of my basement stairs, ready to either trip me or be packed away the next time I head downstairs.
Happy New Year
But my wishes for a wonderful 2013 are no less sincere for it being two weeks into January. 2012 was just a rough one for us, and for many people I know. 2013 is beginning splendidly.
Here's how the Woosleys waved goodbye and hello.
December 10th — Evelyn finished her chemotherapy after 2.5 years.
December 14th — Evelyn had her port-a-cath removed from her chest (that's her showing if off.)
December 20th — I drove Evelyn to the ER. It was the night before the world was supposed to end and –while I didn't believe that was going to happen — it was creepy driving through the rain storm in the dark with the streets so shiny you couldn't see the traffic lines. The sky was a curious purple-gray color. Evelyn was admitted. She had a bacterial blood infection. We missed the kids' school parties and all of our planned activities, but my neighbors rallied. They wrapped all the Christmas presents so that, no matter what happened, Christmas would come.
December 24th — Evelyn and I were sent home with oral meds! It snowed. We went to Christmas Eve service as a family.
December 25 — Christmas!
December 31 — Evelyn and her twin sister turn 5. Our friends come over to have cake and play, very low-key.
January 2nd — My husband and I celebrated our wedding anniversary. 11 years.
The kids went back to school, basketball games on the weekend resumed, the Ravens played ball. Evelyn went to clinic on Monday while Little Nana watched Sylvia. It all started up again with homework and making lunches and baths and "Did you take your floride?" And I was working on projects I'd started in 2012, projects that were taking a long time. They involved drinking lots of coffee and lots of praying and lots of aerobics classes and dusting off my resume. I'll tell you about it when anything becomes official.
But this week. This week I didn't have any coffee. I balanced my checkbook and scheduled a Purple Heart pick-up for the clothes my children keep growing out of. I ate ice cream for lunch. I took a nap. I ran several loads of dishes. I went to a yoga class for the first time since mid-December. In yoga, you work really hard and then you rest. Then you do it again.
How do you recover from periods of hard work? Do you enjoy the lead-up to the holiday season, or are you someone who likes the peace when it's over?


text: Hi all, Been looking for a while now and cant seem to find the answer I am looking for. Is there a flashcard out that will work on a DSi 1.4. I ask this as the DSi has come with 1.4 installed out of the box. Is there a way round this or is there a downgrader around. May be a stupid question to some But as it is I cant find an answer. And also which is the best card to get? I know that may be down to preferance, but peoples opinions will help. Cheers for your time Parisayo


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What Exactly Is A Girls Night?
October 25, 2013
You know how life likes to hit you in the face like you were the star in a V8 commercial, you know . . . Isn't that always how it goes? You were just skipping along singing your merry little tune, and then all of the sudden. . . brick wall. There are many comforting things to reach for in said moments. Sometimes chocolate will do, sometimes you need a big hug from your Mama. My favorite way of cheering up is my Mom, Sister, a stiff drink, and a movie. . . . And we'll just throw in some cake decorating for good measure, cause it's kindof what we do. Last week was by no means a bad week for me, however, my adorable Mother did want some assistance with some cakes she had due, and I saw it as a perfect occasion to make some warm soup, and watch a movie together. My Mama took it from there and provided the delicious Lemon drop Martini (Recipe to come later.) Then if you throw my sister Abbey into the mix, you have the best entertainment, girl talk session of your life. . .
Couldn't recount one exact topic we hit on, but believe me, I'm sure we solved world hunger and peace in the few hours we were there together. So, the soup that brought us all together was a nice spicy Tortilla
Soup, the good authentic kind, don't shy away from it just because of the spice, or because it seems like there is just too much going on, I promise it isn't scary if you just dive right in. You can omit the Jalapeno's for less heat if you aren't one for the spicy side of life.
Annnnd, for the recipe :
|Prep Time
|15 minutes
|Cook Time
|30 minutes
- 2 Dried Chilies (Ancho, or Pasilla) Stemmed and Seeded
- 1 15oz. Can Diced Tomatoes Regular or Fire Roasted
- 1 Lime Sliced into Wedges
- 1 Medium Diced Onion
- 2 Jalapenos Roughly Chopped
- 4 Cloves Garlic Minced
- 2 Quarts Vegetable Stock
- 1 Large Avocado Pitted, skinned and cubed
- 1 1/2 Cup Cheese Mexican Variety (Chihuahua, quesadilla, cheddar)
- 4 Cups Tortilla Chips Roughly Broken
- 1/2 Cup Sour Cream
- Take the dried chilies and toast in a pan over medium heat pressing the flesh down and flipping over until you can smell the aroma, flip over and do the same to the other side. You can also do this over an open flame if you have a gas stove. Break up the Chili and place in a blender along with the diced tomatoes and their juices.
- While the blender is going, heat the oil in a medium saucepan and saute the onion, jalapeno, and garlic until softened. Approximately 5-7 minutes. With a spatula or a slotted spoon press the veggies against the wall to get the excess oil out.
- Transfer the veggies to the blender and process until smooth.
- Return the saucepan to medium-high heat and pour the blended mixture to the saucepan. Stir constantly for about 6 minutes until it is a thicker consistency, like tomato paste. Reduce heat to medium, medium-low. Pour the two quarts of vegetable stock into the pan and simmer for about 15 minutes.
- Ladle out the soup into serving bowls, top with cheese, sour cream, avocado, and broken tortilla chips and enjoy!
- I wanted this to be a vegetarian recipe, however you can by all means use chicken stock instead of vegetable and cook off some chicken and garnish with chicken as well.
Salty Caramel Latte Popcorn
October 9, 2013
I have an obsession. . . Some might call it a problem, I'm completely content with it . . . This obsession of mine. . .Prepare yourself. . . is with popcorn. . . Whew, so glad to get that off my chest. Morning, noon, night, regardless of the time of day, I could pick up a handful of popcorn and go to town; sometimes I just rule out a well balanced dinner and have popcorn, sounds like a good time right? Truly it is. Recently I have just taken to popping large batches on the stovetop and putting it in bags in the pantry so I don't have to pop some at all hours of the day, I mean who really wants to stand over a big pot waiting for those precious kernels to work their yummy magic when they get a case of the munchies?!
Let's talk pairings, there is nothing like grinding your own sea salt and peppercorns with a mortar and pestle and sprinkling that freshness over the hot popcorn. It is classic, and true to the popcorn flavor. I prefer white kernels to yellow, I don't know why, but they just always come out fluffier and lighter for me. Chocolate. . . YES. . . this is a must; tossed into the warm, salty goodness, this will make the best movie companion a girl could ask for (Or a guy for that matter, we don't discriminate). There are so many things you can do with popcorn, its a wonderful blank slate for a caboodle (yes, I did just say caboodle) of flavor combinations.
My choice, salted caramel, well let's just be honest, come fall time, everyone loves three flavors. . . pumpkin, salty caramel, and coffee. The ambient temperature starts to drop, we all grab our scarves, our pumpkin flavored latte, or tea, and we get amped about leaves changing colors and falling from trees and cool breezes and all that makes autumn so magical. So here is where my obsession meets the seasonal fall inspirations.
|Prep Time
|5 minutes
|Cook Time
|15 minutes
- 1 Cup Brown Sugar Packed
- 1/2 Cup Light Corn Syrup
- 1/2 tsp. Salt
- 1/3 Cup Butter
- 3 Tbsp Coffee Ground Fine
- 1 1/2 tsp. Vanilla Extract
- 1/2 tsp. Baking Soda
- 12 Cups Popcorn Popped
- 1. Pop the popcorn according to instructions on the kernel package. You will need 12 cups of popped popcorn
- 2. In a medium size saucepan, combine the butter, corn syrup, sugar, and salt and bring to a boil.
- 3. Once the mixture is boiling, allow to boil for approximately 2 minutes. While this is boiling add the ground coffee. (The finer you grind it the less grainy the coffee grounds will be and the more flavor you will get out of them)
- 4. Add the Vanilla, and then the Baking Soda. The soda will react with the heat and make the caramel mixture fluff up.
- 5. Pour the caramel mixture onto the popped popcorn and turn the popcorn over until it is coated with the mixture. Turn the coated popcorn out onto either a baking sheet or wax paper to cool.
- 6. You can add any other additional things like pretzels, M&M's, peanuts or pecans. And then you are all done!


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Health & Wellness Festival in Cumbria
8th - 10th of June
Brought to you by MindfulnessBringsHope
What is the FEEL GOOD FESTIVAL?
A weekend of wellbeing, great food, live music, workshops, Circus & exciting activities. Come join us in the beautiful Eden Valley on the edge of the Lake District.
The Feel Good Festival gives you the chance to experience a wide variety of wellbeing activities, therapies & entertainment from some of Cumbria's best practitioners, therapists and musicians. Treat your body and family to a weekend of health & happiness. Limited space available – please book early to avoid disappointment.
Adult Tickets From £25. Children's from £5.
Plenty of UNDERCOVER AREA should the weather turn bad!
The Feel Good Festival Kicks off in...
Classes & Workshops
Fundamental to the 'Feel Good' philosophy is moving your body and making exercise fun. To help fulfil this, over the weekend you will have the opportunity to try...
Meditation, Yoga, Pilates, Circuits, Clubbercise, Circus skills, belly dancing, Moky dance, swing dance, Tai Chi, Nia dance & many other classes/workshops.
Prosecco, Gin & More!
So good, we had to give this a section of its own at the top of the page!! Gin, Prosecco and other quality 'feel good' options will be available as well as teas, coffees and specialist soft drinks. It's not all about moving your body and working up a sweat!!
Live Music
Making you feel good throughout the evening will be a number of live music acts on Friday & Saturday night.
Featuring Melanie Baker, Room full of mirrors & Returning Leopards.
Find out more HERE
Circus Acts
Astral Circus will be running a number of daily workshops, including circus skills, belly dancing and stilt walking as well as providing evening entertainment on Friday & Saturday night.
Find out more HERE
Live Entertainment
In addition to some amazing circus acts and live music, we've got some great performers & artists lined up to entertain and make you feel good.
Astral Circus will be performing a pyrotechnic display over the weekend and other talented artists will be on site to both perform and to teach in a workshop.
Food & Snacks
Delicious, wholesome, locally sourced food will be served up by a number of vendors, who will be on-site morning to night all weekend.
One to One Treatments & Therapies
There will be a number of on-site therapists with their own treatment 'Pod' to pamper you and make you feel good.
Options include Reflexology, Reiki, Sports Massage, Chiropody & other more 'exotic' treatments!
Forest School & Children's Activities
The Feel Good Festival is a family event with plenty to occupy curious minds. Children's games and arts & crafts using natural materials is provided by Branch Out Forest School. Also, Child care provision is available over the weekend (Bookable on the day). NOT INCLUDED IN THE TICKET PRICE.
Trade Stands
We've selected and invited a number of chosen retailers of unique, hand crafted, ethical wellness products to exhibit at the festival. In between classes & workshops, why not make yourself feel good with a little indulgent retail therapy!
Ticket price includes Activities, Entertainment, Talks, Workshops & Classes ...
Pilates - Yoga - Mindfulness - Meditation - Chi Kung - Childrens Mindfulness and treasure hunt - Talks and workshops - Clubbercise - Nia Dance - Belly Dancing - Drumming - Swing Dancing - Circle Dancing - Circus Skills
Evening entertainment from Astral Circus and live Music from 'Melanie Baker', 'Room Full of Mirrors' & 'Returning Leopards'.
How to find The Feel Good Festival
Mains Farm Caravan Site
Mains farm, Kirkoswald, Penrith
Cumbria CA10 1DH
Copyright 2018 by FeelGoodFest. Website design by CumbriaOnline.net


text: Zotero is the only research tool that automatically senses content in your web browser, allowing you to add it to your personal library with a single click. Whether you're searching for a preprint on , a journal article from JSTOR, a news story from the New York Times , or a book from your university library catalog, Zotero has you covered with support for thousands of sites. Store anything. Zotero collects all your research in a single, searchable interface. You can add PDFs, images, audio and video files, snapshots of web pages, and really anything else. Zotero automatically indexes the full-text content of your library, enabling you to find exactly what you're looking for with just a few keystrokes.


text:
- Adhesive Notes and Flags
- Adhesives and Glues
- Books and Pads
- Brief Cases and Compendiums
- Business Books and Forms
Clips and Fasteners
- Bag and Luggage Locks
- Business Locks
- Clip Dispensers and Clips
- File Fasteners and U Clips
- Foldback Clips
- Key Cabinets
- Key Holders
- Key Tags, Key Racks and Hinged Rings
- Paper Clips and Bull Dog Clips
- Paper Fasteners
- Safety Pins
- Straight Pins and Thumb Tacks
- Straps and Tie Downs
- Transfer Covers and Fittings
- Velcro Adhesive Fasteners
Computer Accessories and Technology
- Batteries
- Cables and Extension Cords
- CD, DVD and Disk Storage
- Computer Accessories
- Computer Ergonomic Accessories
- Computer Media
- Desktop and Laptop Security
- Docks, Hubs and Connectivity
- Headsets, Microphones, Speakerphones and Webcams
- iPad, Smartphone and Tablet Accessories
- Laptop Power
- Mobile Device Power
- Powerboards and Universal Adaptors
- Presenter Remotes and Laser Pointers
- Remote Controls
- Routers and Modems
- Speakers and Sound Systems
- Telephone Adaptors and Extension Cords
- Correction Products and Erasers
- Diaries, Planners and Organisers
Display, Presentation and Whiteboard Products
- Apli Strung Tickets
- Art Portfolio Cases and Accessories
- Audio Visual Trolleys, OHP Projectors and Transparency Film
- Ballot Boxes
- Binding Machines and Accessories
- Brochure, Sign and Document Holders
- Business Display Signs and Boards
- Certificate and Document Frames
- Chalk Boards and Accessories
- Communication Room Dividers
- Display Stands and Snap Frames
- Display Stands for Exhibition
- Dry Erase Stick On Whiteboards
- Educational Whiteboards
- Electronic Whiteboards
- Flipchart Easels, Pads and Accessories
- Foyer Boards
- Lecturns
- Light Boxes
- Nobo Notice and Display Boards
- Photo Albums and Spare Pages
- Photo Frames
- Restaurant Presentation Menu Holders
- Shipping Tags
- Shrink Wrap Film
- Wall Screens
- Whiteboard Erasers and Accessories
- Whiteboards, Cork and Glass Boards
- Educational Products
Filing and Storage Products
- Adhesive Storage Pockets
- Binders and Folders
- Clipboards and Clipfolders
- Desktop Visual Displays and Inserts
- Display Book Refills and Sheet Protectors
- Display Books
- Document Wallets and Folders
- Filing and Archiving
- Labelling for Filing Cabinets or Shelves
- Literature and Letter Sorters
- Manilla Folders
- Stationery Stands and File Organisers
- Storage Systems, Boxes and Baskets
- System Cards and Boxes
- Acoustic Screens
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The disarmament field is a tangle of acronyms and specialist terms. To assist our readers we have prepared a list that briefly explains what some of the commonly used terms on this website mean. In addition, a useful overview of how the so-called disarmament machinery works is here.
Austrian pledge: At the end of the December 2014 Vienna conference on humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapons, the Austrian government read out a national pledge it encouraged other countries to associate with. Among other things, the pledge calls on "all states parties to the NPT to renew their commitment to the urgent and full implementation of existing obligations under Article VI, and to this end, to identify and pursue effective measures to fill the legal gap for the prohibition and elimination of nuclear weapons".
CD: The Conference on Disarmament. It is often referred to as the "single multilateral disarmament negotiating forum of the international community" based in the Palais des Nations in Geneva, Switzerland. Established in 1978 by the first UN Special Session on Disarmament (SSOD I), the CD succeeded prior Geneva-based negotiating forums. Both the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention and the CTBT in 1996 were negotiated in the CD, but the CD has been deadlocked ever since. It means that although the 65 CD member states meet every year, there have been no further negotiations on any of the items on its agenda (fissile materials, nuclear disarmament, negative security assurances, or any agreements to prevent an arms race in outer space).
CTBT: The 1996 Comprehensive Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) is an international treaty that "bans nuclear explosions by everyone, everywhere: on the Earth's surface, in the atmosphere, underwater, and underground." The CTBT has a particularly complicated entry-into-force requirement (all the 44 states listed in the second Annex of the treaty need to ratify). As of 2015, eight specific states (including China and the United States) still need to ratify in order for the treaty to enter into force. The secretariat for the Treaty (CTBTO) is not affected by this requirement, however, and has been up and running since the late 90s.
Humanitarian consequences: although an old subject, since 2010 a growing number of countries have sought to draw attention to and build a facts-based discussion around what the impacts of nuclear weapons would be if actually used, and to review the actual level of risk of nuclear weapon detonation events. Various humanitarian joint-statements and three international conferences (in Oslo in March 2013, Nayarit in Mexico in February 2014, and Vienna in December 2014) appear to have contributed to this end. Some supporters of the humanitarian consequences approach hope it will create resonance that will increase pressure on states to undertake steps toward nuclear weapons prohibition and elimination.
Humanitarian statement: There are a number of humanitarian joint-statements—all of which refer to governments' concerns about the humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapons use mentioned in the 2010 NPT Action Plan, and calling for renewed nuclear disarmament progress. For a list, follow this link. What's most significant about the statements is the vast expansion of support for them—from 16-countries in 2012 to 155 in October 2014 for a New Zealand-coordinated statement, for instance.
ICAN: The International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons, "a global campaign coalition working to mobilize people in all countries to inspire, persuade and pressure their governments to initiate and support negotiations for a treaty banning nuclear weapons."
NAC: The New Agenda Coalition, a six-country cross-regional group of governments regarded as progressive on nuclear disarmament issues. The NAC has been active in the NPT context since the late 1990s. It is comprised of Brazil, Egypt, Ireland, Mexico, New Zealand and South Africa: Sweden left the NAC in 2013. NAC working papers are likely to be significant elements in 2015 NPT review meeting discussions on nuclear disarmament.
NAM: The Non-Aligned Movement, an entity created in 1961, to "create an independent path in world politics that would not result in member States becoming pawns in the struggles between the major powers." The NAM is made up mostly of states in the global South, including nuclear-armed India, Pakistan, and Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK). It is active in the NPT and CD contexts, although its sheer size means it can be diplomatically unwieldy.
New START: A nuclear arms control reduction agreement signed between the United States and Russia in April 2010, which entered into force in February 2011. It establishes a limit on deployed strategic warheads, which is particularly significant because these two countries have by far the largest nuclear arsenals.
NPDI: The Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Initiative is a cross-regional 12-country group formed in September 2010 "to take forward the consensus outcomes of the 2010 NPT Review Conference and jointly to advance the nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation agendas as mutually reinforcing processes." Among its members (Australia, Canada, Chile, Germany, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Nigeria, the Philippines, Poland, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates) are several nuclear umbrella states.
NPT: The 1968 Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is intended to limit the spread of these arms. Originally a treaty 25-years in duration, it was extended indefinitely in 1995 after difficult negotiations. It is reviewed under three "pillars": non-proliferation, disarmament, and peaceful uses of nuclear energy. One of the NPT's notable features is that those states that "manufactured and exploded a nuclear weapon or other nuclear explosive device prior to 1 January 1967" were classed as nuclear-weapon states (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States). Another is that, under Article 6, "Each of the Parties to the Treaty undertakes to pursue negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating to cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament, and on a treaty on general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control." A major tension for the NPT's membership is the perceived lack of progress of the nuclear-weapon states toward nuclear weapons elimination, and indeed recent steps taken by all of them to modernize their nuclear arsenals. The NPT's next five-yearly review conference in April-May 2015 is likely also to be notable for lack of progress on implementation of the 2010 NPT Action Plan.
OEWG: an Open-Ended Working Group set up by a decision of the United Nations General Assembly in October 2012. The OEWG met in 2013 "to take forward multilateral nuclear disarmament negotiations for the achievement and maintenance of a world without nuclear weapons" by "developing proposals". Although the OEWG was deliberative in nature, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and United States voted against setting it up (China abstained). A 2014 General Assembly resolution left open the door to the OEWG convening again in 2016 or beyond.
P5: Coincidentally, the five states that are "nuclear-weapon states" recognized by the NPT are also permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. This has given rise to the widely used abbreviation 'P5' (Permanent Five). Given that their permanent membership of the Security Council is unrelated to their possession of nuclear weapons, a more accurate abbreviation would be 'NPT5'. The other states currently known or believed to have nuclear weapons are the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), India, Israel and Pakistan—none of which are party to the NPT (the DPRK withdrew in 2003).
Step-by-step: the "practical step-by-step approach" frequently features in arguments against new forms of initiative aimed at creating more propitious conditions for nuclear disarmament that do not have the backing of the five NPT nuclear-weapon states. Such statements usually refer to the NPT. However, it appears there is no universal understanding of what "step-by-step" is. For example, India does not refer to the NPT, to which it is not party, in talking about step-by-step. And, the reality remains that any conceivable route to nuclear disarmament will necessarily involve many steps.
Umbrella state: States that are not nuclear-weapon-states per se, but which in practice depend on nuclear weapons for security through military alliance arrangements with nuclear-weapon-states (so-called "nuclear umbrellas"). This extends in certain cases to nuclear-sharing arrangements in which nuclear weapons are sited on the territories of these countries and might, in the case of war, be delivered to target by their aircraft. One commentator has described nuclear umbrella states as "weasel states" for talking about the need for nuclear disarmament while supporting policies and practices that purportedly undermine its prospects—a term that has taken hold, at least in the Geneva disarmament community. Umbrella states include the NATO states, Australia, Canada and Japan.
UNSSOD: United Nations Special Session on Disarmament. The first UNSSOD was held in 1978 and, among other things, established the CD. In 1979, when the CD first met, it agreed the so-called 'Decalogue' of issues for its work—presumably reflecting UNSSOD I's priorities. Top of this list of ten subjects was nuclear weapons in all its aspects. Although the CD has been deadlocked for 19 years, the Decalogue remains the basis for its negotiations on a work programme.


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Monday, August 8, 2011
6 comments:
It seems to me permanence is simply an illusion of the mind, like "confirmation bias". The mind forms maps or images of the world, then thinks the world itself is as unchanging as its maps or images of it. That's just the way the mind works. You don't overcome it so long as you have a mind at all. Instead, you just manage it.ReplyDelete
I think "manage" is right. It's a daily practice in awareness. Our mind has many clever and highly adaptive ways to simplify its work and run more efficiently, like confirmation bias. Unfortunately, some of these short cuts lead to errors in understanding ourselves and the world.ReplyDelete
I would think that embracing impermanence is the very essence of parenting - at least, that's been my experience so far. Every time I think I know how they'll react, or what they can do, they move on to something new. It seems like I have to find a new equilibrium every couple of weeks.ReplyDelete
I visualize the process as something like surfing (which I've never tried) or Aikido (which I have): the goal is to keep your balance and move with the things that are trying to upset it.
I've found it interesting how much more aware I've become of impermanence after questioning my beliefs. I certainly approach things differently, and find myself not stressing over minor things, and taking more time to treasure the moments of life. At first, this self-awareness was quite disturbing (as you know from my post on existential crisis), but I've grown accustomed to the existential thoughts now.ReplyDelete
Michael Mock,ReplyDelete
Thanks for stopping by. I love your last line. It describes parenting so well. "The goal is to keep your balance and move with the things that are trying to upset it."
Like A Child,
Self awareness is often quite disturbing. No doubt! Hope you're feeling better these days.
I like that last line from MM as well. I think it describes, very well, much more than parenting. It describes the fluidity that is life. Part of our "management" strategy has to be keeping our balance and moving fluidly with changes. Instead of locking our knees and being thrown off the surfboard, we bend a little, give a little for the wave, and ride it.ReplyDelete


text:
Its Official:
Its a Fact:
Old out dated methods to rank keywords simply don't work.
Spinning content no matter how good you might think it is just doesn't cut it anymore
Buying crappy back link packets of faceless profiles or blog comments will do you far more harm than good (even if the sales page claims they are home page PR 5! Just don't do it)
Buying $5 articles that have been spun by the outsourcer 100 times previously would not get my attention so what good are they in this new era of SEO,
But you need to know exactly how to research it
How to easily tap into hot trending topics that get almost immediate ranking
How to deliver this content globally so it gets noticed.
Once it is noticed it gets shared and your rankings improve because your are clearly demonstrating you are an authority in your niche.
Of course they are, they have a multi billion dollar empire and employ the worlds best minds.
Posting to Facebook and Twitter doesent seem to be having much effect, Pinterest and Instagram seem difficult to fatham out how to make money from and many marketers simply don't know what to do next.
Google quietly rolled out Google+ in 2011 and many people thought it was a waste of time because we all had twitter and facebook and why did we need another social media platform.
How wrong we all were!
Most people know from painful experience that Google have been on a crusade to clean up search for the past 2-3 years, we had Panda,Penguin and the exact match domain penalty and many more that made minor changes but were not publicized.
What no one knew back then was all of these updates to their algorithm were being carried out as part of a much bigger update, something that would change the way we did business online and the launch of Google+ was the just first stage of preparing for this new update.
Google + was never intended as a competitor or alternative choice to Facebook or Twitter, it had a far bigger role to play and one that would turn the world of SEO On its head.
Google have always wanted to ensure the quality of the content served up in their results is of the highest possible standard, back in 2005 they applied for a patent called agent rank.
This was a proposed change to the algorithm that would take in to consideration the quality of content based on the amount of times it was syndicated and they wanted to reward the individual author for producing this great content.
Makes sense for author A that gets his article picked up and shared by 1000 people to rank above author B that only gets his article picked up and shared by 100 people.
The only problem was back then they had no way of knowing 100% for sure that author A was the original author so they couldn't give him an advantage over author B or anyone else.
That was until Google+ hit our screens
This new platform had been planned for many years, it is set to become bigger than Facebook and is currently growing at a much faster rate.
It has provided Google with the perfect tool to be able to tie in all of a person's content with their Google + profile and they have set up a couple of ways to be able to verify the ownership of this content.
They can now be 100% sure of the ownership of any content tied in to a Google + profile, so going back to my example of author A and B, author A is now being ranked above author B and every other person trying to rank for keywords against author A that doesn't have this profile set up, content attributed to them and proof of a strong engagement with the major influencers in his niche from their activity in Google+
The good news for everyone that embraces this opportunity right now is it is still in its infancy and there is massive potential to make a killing on some serious keywords that up until a couple of months ago you wouldn't have dreamed of going after.
Look at the latest traffic stats from early January, the figures are unique visitors per monthFacebook 750 million
Twitter 250 million
Pinterest 85 million
Google+ 65 million
After the low key launch and many months of exhaustive testing and tweaking Google is now throwing their weight behind the Google+ concept, they are rewarding marketers who embrace it and use it exactly as they want people to use it with high ranking keywords.
You have a once in a lifetime opportunity to establish yourself as a key influencer within your niche.
The key here now is to make sure you are using Google+ to its full potential, yes you can set up author mark up, link all of your content and get your image in the results but that's the easy part
Key issues to solve
How do you capitalize from this opportunity
How do you produce content people actually want to share,
How do you easily find key influencers in your niche that want to interact with you that will boost your rank
How do you present a website that is set up and structured correctly so Google reward you with higher rankings
So what is the answer?
This comprehensive training course provides everything you need to create an authority site structure from scratch and it includes,
How to structure your website keywords for instant ranking
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The 7 essential social media accounts you simply must have
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The exact Site launch Formula
30 Day STEP BY STEP blueprint to success, just follow along for guaranteed results
Its not rocket science when you think about it, here is the deal…
Google have made it pefectly clear what they expect to see from a website, both is structure and content.
You prepare a website with this exact on page site structure and they reward you will higher rankings
You provide content of the highest standard based on a proven step by step formula and you ensure this content is picked up and shared across the internet by as many key influencers as possible.
Based on this, and providing you deliver it Google reward you with,
Instant indexing of all your content, why wouldn't they, you are clearly demonstrating you have authority because of your engaement within your niche
This results in higher rankings even for competative keywords
Which provides more targeted traffic
The more traffic you get means more shares, likes and retweets which results in even higher rankings and more targeted traffic.
If you want a business that will become a major asset to you in the weeks, months and years to come now is the time to address the issues you have and spend some time to develop new skills to enable you to become an authority in double quick time.
Creating an authority website structure in 2013 isnt all about creating hundredes of pages, yes that is the overall aim and will cement your position but the secret to getting fast results even within a few weeks or so is how you connect with others.
How can you get the major influencers in your niche to interact with you, once you do this your overall standing will soar and so will your rankings.
Don't Forget about on page optimisation in 2013
On page SEO has never been more important and if you don't know how you have to present your website to the search engines in 2013 how can you expect them to send you the right traffic
It all starts with the foundation of your website. Unless you build this exactly how the major authority websites build theirs you will never get enough authority to rank your keywords, Google build this into their algorithm so you are fighting a losing battle before you start.
Building a website that will be a major asset to you for years to come requires a certain amount of planning, most marketers decide on a niche, do some keyword research, publish some content and add to it as and when with no real idea whats coming next.
This has no structure whatsoever and has no chance of real success.
To become successful in 2013 you need to ensure you are totally focused on giving Google what they want, in a nutshell you need to ensure you have.
The exact on page site structure to enable Google to rank you effectively
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I was created to teach. I am the happiest person on the planet when I am in the classroom, and I see the smiles of my students, and the gleam in their eyes of a new subject mastered.
Pete Cassidy's a celebrity, of sorts.
No, you may not know his face or his name. He will probably not be featured on a cover of the grocery store tabloids that you sift through while checking out.
However, if you have a magazine dedicated to Oracle and other computer programs, you might see his name.
Cassidy teaches all Oracle classes with the Collin College Continuing Education division.
Teaching has been Cassidy's life for about 20 years since he was hired by the Oracle Corporation in 1988, where he developed and wrote Oracle courses, taught Oracle and was named "The most Helpful Instructor" by his peers and was the Number One Oracle USA Instructor in 1992-93.
Now, he's at Collin College.
"I was created to teach," Cassidy said. "I am the happiest person on the planet when I am in the classroom, and I see the smiles of my students, and the gleam in their eyes of a new subject mastered."
From 1993-2004, Cassidy was the senior principal instructor of Oracle at Thinkspark and worked as an Oracle contractor through 2007, when he started at Collin College.
He's written two books about Oracle and is considered to be one of the foremost Oracle experts in the world.
"I bring a wealth of real-world practical experience as a Cobol programmer, analyst, consultant, Oracle Developer and Oracle Database Administration, that spans back to 1978," Cassidy said.
According to one former student of Cassidy's, "I have colleagues that are too busy right now to attend the 10g OCA/OCP classes, but are interested in attending them at Collin College due to my bragging on Pete. A lot of instructors are not revenue generators. However, Pete definitely generates revenue by attracting working professionals who want to get their money's worth and who want a knowledge bank they can make withdrawals from."


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