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Transcript - Not for consumer use. Robot overlords only. Will not be accurate.
Good morning welcome them home through the center. Pretty electric WH how plumbing and ruby handyman. Long a trip hasten from the rim Stanley companies trans man now Iran desk who turns out. How else you have just an easy TJ TJ UCLA. Skis and church in there with talent he realized that those symbols go different about them like a light which cooking with TJ. From. Black. Had breakfast with the kid today and it rhinos like cared church and yes mean when relieve any stimulus church gonna come eligible late like out like on his manager please avoid going to allow us some days like like I'm getting criticized for Gilad but all the honestly been thinking about it he he can't. He had like two or three albums like Graham by him batting around. C'mon buddy get off the hill. It dole. He had thought you know that sounds about a comer now. But she got a month's academy your phone and hours we will give and and now listen we got we've got a pretty cool guest today as a sort of it's an industry I don't know much about it learn a little bit now and it's heated and much about it either lieutenant craft brewery which is on fire it seems like this like the nutrient. He would tell you talk about its business lessons how to how to write inner into the business. And sue the crap brewery maybe for our age group in in younger atoms like become line. It is everybody and is with ivy you rating is everybody is all these things about how the bureau with pre dissimilar to kind of like. If previous generations have lined difference between beer like our rating on the Better Business Bureau EPA is eight plus no. But the U Iraq it is so you can read in the year. Essentially anywhere outside ink. You have to have a certain type of landed a certain type of greats and I is really becoming competitive industries they kind of fun to watch Christmas dinner cumbersome the year Chris Maynard. Can prison beard really give it. He can't again and it before Chris Maynard is our senior project manager own revenues rose to be on the residential signing ruby. He's been with the since 03 he was our first main major hire. Outside of the hasten loses does this mean bin with a fourteen years now best friend in life. When Haskell together. And he ball house and the awesome in the home Belmont back in mica of Florida Malo Hal some Belmont. Hello Cameron now below the house and he's a broom beard on there. And newly renovated his kitchen about two years ago and do a tap below. They're used Etsy I was there onion now now particularly gas are our guess is John Ray drywall bear. John Maria from knowledge on to yachts in a day old make scud missile to Chris has garage he is not time to guy he is sales in this this is for is for self consumption. But man let it out Gladys warmed up lobe as we told. When you listen this problems that are warmed up a little blip again this week was nice and we were talking about. Which it and I said upon from a house in the about time that last day of cocaine. Can I could not. Take in iron in his the ice on the pond it was ethic. Let him make a mosque victim you know once Allah I don't think you. Make the masala funding there might be another problem that was not the price Lizzie it was maybe mean I want to break my teaching way you know you need to. Need to put all the parameters in the cotton's maybe this another parameter of the key things that they've been he's been more time in the GOP keep going China brake a little ice cube out of this freezer if you in the arts panel and a picture today it's not easy dollar to earn a Clemson orange shirt today. And we had takes them. That picks up hopefully in nice cal always glass of fresh. Fresh a fresh takes on a dead BJ in ads and you can tell when you're downloading your podcasts let us know what you think about the case or aren't blood. Or hard to pink shirt that's is an am not afraid Wear pink like pictures. Attachment no gently totals mall which is. Salman I think his account and as salmon seconds into. Salomon at that Salomon Smith Barney is but somewhere my last wife is chuckling as I said Salman vs San and I can't say alive a debt. But anyways sort of talk about ultimate proof camera time by craft brews you don't drink and uses fear paralyze a guy. But not seen eve evolved we all have I think when it first came out like he feels I'm never Gunnison it's xmas ever when it went experts came out now oral takes like Lance now. And I could drink craft beer and craft beer started coming up an hour and tell them about me I think they're talking about Piedmont dental. I'm not these changes color me it is the than it is years that can that Renton things are not what anyone it one point said to have marathon hearings a gimmick. No doubt makes tail. You know thinking of ways to stretch and Kelly got talent and depth. Madonna's side here about John I don't know if you heard this story and it. Account I didn't wanna tell you the whole thing that was going on because I wanted to hear from him I think is really interest in what's happening in an industry from the old legislative standpoint. How how the bigger players repeating in the craft brewing industry sort I think he calls stealth craft. Hampshire we'll explain how you know Matt third graders German Roland you think need John in here EAE thing I can get her job nine. Maybe so I mean it's Noah and Al that's not this may mean. Maybe going be to say good in Todd. On. I don't speak German winter. I don't try I don't I dined and opened an affinity I was just here which are all of a Taylor looked in and they talk about renovating my house for about seniors robot to get started on the project birdie exactly and that is. My life is the project. Manager she's managed in the selections in a budget phenomenon get it done hopefully. But it's fun we have another spouse policy and our business plessy walls to be a full time stale mom. But this birdie cool. TC. Curb take the project management role Christie as she gets stuff done by it right. And so yesterday after Acer and asset banks bloody ball slate. And boss lady is a word she's heard me use for a very select. Customer which is a term of endearment and mom or dad and used it for various right ladies that we were Ford he respected and I music in she my wife LaMont father. And I think Augusta brownie points homey city here at the she's the brain easier than muscle. I'm not and I'm thinking. It heaters medium Mr. Bush is in the case Meehan a renewed now did this denies exciting and that's going to be fun too much and it evenly deford do in this for Ottawa house. Congratulations on that and Jose entering ya hear about it as it progresses to the some. Looking forward to the show of thanks for joining us. And when we come back we'll have a job marina yet stick around the kind of we don't hear about the beauty title rather imam was going on how prep process works in your own in your in as a fiscal I don't want crowned the (%expletive) A. Welcome back at home with robes and hats and pass from. Services along these into the rosy things. We are your history and we have John Marino and see you. Pretty well known name in the Charlotte community. Is pretty business is certainly will land the Charlotte community with old Mecklenburg brewery. I think you've do you mean dabbled into a copper to a nice day yeah. Hot had a grew hours to in my refrigerator me oh that you Panamanian vogue beer aghast. Hours. But no I remember when you when you first open did you write up the road from where you're at now. I guess when your competitors isn't that into a location around. The asked sort of meander and I was there the funny thing is is that area over off between south Tryon on and self boulevard. You know it's an old industrial area that's right and least have warehouse is overnight aryan little rough. It was who moved in it was pretty much taken to you know we used to get the battery stolen out of our trucks at night and I think but now it's. It's an a little bit nicer area and today yeah I mean you wanna commend you I think Q in your business in your you're forced Sidon and you've. BNN news have more on the take the risk right blaze a trail. Has driven that fly will an editor so thank you this great. Who will Johnson's suit everybody's I think it most listened communities familiar with what you've done for the community it would all Mecklenburg brewery has done for. Freddie Cianci read that area. It in in our offices and with the with really services are very close by or just on the other side of 77. But day you do from an outsider looking in. He era I remember going to the media original brewery articulate their point or boisterous with the CCA back and Allen probably. Ten years ago I mean are evident yeah yes usually at a Bausley what is this is craft brewery Dana what's going on of course even the genius who has had a crystal ball is solace opening. Turning into two way it is now so how how did she can start I've heard the story that they it's fascinating how. Your love for fear in you in your business trips to Germany Katie kind of innocent the story. Sure I'll try to even the cliff notes yeah yeah it was really by chance I mean I spent seventeen years in the water treatment equipment manufacturing industry which is not the most exciting industry in the world let's. In that industry I ended up going to work for German company and when I was about 23 they ask me go to Germany. To work in their international sales department insists that you know why not I'm 23 and single. And that. Introduced me for the first time to fresh all natural German sell beer and of course I immediately fell in love with a and while later four actually five years later came back the United States. Working for them we can and we. Was running the North American operations for them at that time that 28. Yeah yeah Hannah Hannah. I got lucky you know as a good place it was a small companies. When I joined it was 29 Germans in May have when I when I ended up leaving there was 700 people so. That we group pretty quickly and one well and came back to the states and the first thing that sort of hit me when I came back is that they missed the fresh Germans shelled here. Because in the states you could buy German beer in the group Trish yeah when it was over stocky old bronzes Connors and the bad guys who didn't taste good in and you know than in the American craft beer trend was running. But it was a lot of Beers that just were not to might suited to my tastes you know the very hoppy Beers ever very high alcohol up. I'm look I'm a beer flavored beer guy you know I just like fear. And I like to eat easy drinking. Refreshing beer and so. Never thought of opium in the nervous this was in my news in that industry for awhile longer in. Fortunately or unfortunately our company it acquired and I just didn't like working for a large corporations so I stayed for about a year and a half and then decided to. Do something differ with my life so I resigned and took my family on a three month RV trip across North America. Hoping to get an idea. Both two thirds away through triple a surrogate nurse that hadn't had an idea I think this way and but one day in Montana picked up the Wall Street Journal and the little article in their about a guy rebuilding the Narragansett beer brand New England. And literally it was one of those label moments I sit I said. I don't think Charlotte is over and so I did little more research and realize show's largest city in the United States without ever mile and real. So I basically thought I could kill two birds who wants on I could actually have a job. And get the Germans fresh Germans shelled beer highlight by making a Burry. That specialized in that. And so I came back to Charlotte and put a business plan together and got a good couple partners together and eventually opened in March 2009 so we use you already before your three month road trip you already lived in show I did I use so. When we when I came back to the states who. We acquired a very small company in New Jersey right outside of Manhattan and we grew so much that we needed new factory and as you can probably imagine right outside a Manhattan is not the most effective Phil Spector. So I decided to look in the Carolinas and when I came to Charlotte it took me one day in Charlotte messages through one of these. And so we built a factor of Kara went forward and move that could company down and and we grew. Pretty substantially. Tour. Clark. So my daughter goes a lot I'll language academy my three dollars due take in this whoever gets up above ally. Mom middle daughters German she's she's not she's river she shot or she's Mecklenburg County river rat. Amber's she's German and she hangs out with a lot of aches and German kids yeah the third grade. And now we went to I went to pick her up from one of the birthday parties and they had copper. Or lower all of my stuff everywhere. And I'm sure this guy I don't out of their names and I'm sure there might even be business partners with you want your friends are. Yet in a business pars but we're pretty. Well dialed in debate are attorney Gloria how unhappy they are most of visit us the the Charlotte chamber of the guided new recruits European companies for the Charlotte chamber is in our. Facility above three times a week and laugh with prospective. New clients that wanna build factories in the show owners so it's. We we we're we're very close connection when bush brute German. And you lot all of a compliment you were Mary Lou thanks a top level business level five would you read an ambush for whatever issue you take care you know you make money. You're you're rest of the surviving business and thrive in does and you take care your employees in the new take care you're community. And you give bank and now we've been doing a corn alternatives such tenth year now. And then upheld other people do Cornel terrorists we didn't we do our striker Louis. And the folks over an enraged. Came to me a couple of years ago not Anas are shrugging my business plan everybody has different constituents on bill good for between me some golf I've attended the that Cornel term and I think the last two years. Bit richer very generous. With your real estate in your business and Ella I know what's good for your business did you get people to come through NC which Agilent and in drinker German beer. But that's awesome that you do that you have a wonderful. If area man is yeah we got lucky with. Property and with the first property it was kind of like landlocked there with yes surrounded by asphalt so I wasn't really understood. Achieve the original vision which we were able to achieve with the new facility. Which is to really create a community. Gathering place. It's one of the things I fell on low within Germany was the the whole culture surrounding Beers I mean. It's central to their own social cultures and the breeze or community gathering spaces the beer gardens. That's where people go to talk and do business and things. And that's who tried to achieve with the Yancey road location. We've gone there Goebel Toms told a spaz out dissent that we had a couple of business meetings there asset about a far critical to our preferred to have gotten. He talked about the German culture which not my wife's maiden name is Schmidt as the HM ITT yet he knows he hails from Jasper Indiana which is a German town. In the NA has some called the strossen fest in Saturday and aggression on position it's a bond yes. You know all the names are are similar to that the data they are kind of live in the same community bank debt. I will say something it posited Germans are hard working things. There's no question about it for a debt. Net and John he has some growth coming up and who wanna get to value in the next couple segments. And there's been some talk of of a location potentially hundreds of those well Cornelius Cornelius so I apologize yeah. We will rue going forward that we remove we bought the property wanted to build another Breaux senator Gordon opened Cornelius why do wanna say I'm I'm all staunch for an oral schooled. Land them Reynolds house data in a month small business I think you'd make a dollar in your Byron housing crowd for you if but but I'll always had to tell people it if ye ye insults instinct and prim you know every. Yeah sniff out what's around. Am not been and that other place that was log jam on asphalt Joan you very were both smelled a neighborhood and figure out what was going well known and Paco where your. Yeah that's right I mean is do do who's a crown jewels were property sitting two doors down in the and they came when it came on the market. And literally who. Said. Oh my goodness this is this what we need. It's basically ten and a half acres. Of green space. With a Burr in the middle of the and so it's a fantastic location coal. Well we stick around with a sigh well I will talk about colonias or return. Welcome back at home with pretty tough patch for casting from ruby services along with the last entry pace. And welcome to today's over here makes another music he's not a mile than they with a little sly smile and I'll tell you I'm very and reflect and hatchery. I'm glad we're I'm glad we're playing and reveal that should condemn VH housing in Rhode regaining man. And warm coat collar regulars as were taken up another five minutes each segment and being handled this current parents and it's also. Thought I had to remember I'm not very intelligent person Miller awareness and remember only this is for John Thomas my dear friend. JT tell me he cement aloe listen you show that every time Alice again off his. At home or other rhetoric red river outlet when asked the go to show John. Grabbing his disgrace and it's become so we have a job with this today he thought about beer yeah. On Sunday morning yeah I don't mean. Always I house say he says some in the first segment John. About how everybody in the in the in the cramped room grew an industry. Is out PA hot and a get a copy. And not tell people all time home claim and I just like ago copper Mina ally. Even a redneck. And takes at bear yeah yeah we'll see who we like Terry we like to say we make beer flavored beer and this other all like gays and all of those things that they're fantastic and that's a certain segment and a and then taste but right. There's a large segment of the population that also just flakes a nice refreshing easy to drink beer and my philosophy is the second beer should be easier to drink in the first and the third beer should be easier to drink in the second and it's the other way around sums wrong. And so that's the way we do it and we we're not gonna make IPA's because it's not our mission but we do we make German Silva will it. Let's talk about that and I hope my wife just heard that has sequenced those cities during the third I can I got back a lot Leo well but not just tickets they say if he he mentioned the beer flavored beer there's how many ingredients in your beer man is the Sunday he Taylor's series. Yeah there's only four ingredients in and Ireland every single one of our Beers has only four ingredients all natural malt hops water used. Bomb and the beauty of making Beers and it's really it's a science but it's an art. The we have a very wide spectrum of peers that we make and we make all those fears that same four ingredients well so it's really is it exciting tubular make such a wide variety appears with those simple agrees how many Beers that you. We have about thirteen Beers right now that we make. Year round I mean they're different times but it we have five permanent and then we have lots of season holes and and holding Beers and things like I said you you stick to the basics or do you do like the seasonal for your personal. Intake. I drink probably 99 coffers for every one other bureau drink down and but I daily life but I love all over Beers and I just. You know am I going to our cap room and drink hornet's nest pave the lights and as my first beer and then I switched right to copper and but that's my go to the list. Talk about gut tea things we talked about you regret not an honors the I was on the last segment that your your new your new potential or I'm sorry new facility Cornelius. An Intel also little bit about things I noted. Did something that that you're very vocal about in very passionate about is is a legislation involved with with your potential growth and possess a diner that's hard to get in TV. Consummated it isn't familiar with through industry and Emil the case of a bullet. Kind of with the craft beer industries going through. Yes so one of the things that people don't realize in North Carolina is that we have of even though we. Everyone hears about breweries every day in the news that there in the thinker our industry is enormous it's actually quite tiny. Only about 3% of the beer consumed in north Carolina's made in the upscale well yeah among 97% of its imported which results in a multibillion do it. Dolly dollar transfer wealth out of the state every year. And the beauty of the year is did he can be made locally right and it's better when it's made locally because this trek and so. Our whole thing is let you local breweries growth but unfortunately in North Carolina we have this cap on our ability to self distributor appear. And that. Means that we're never gonna have a large marine North Carolina because. After 25000 barrels of production. You get forced into these wholesale distributor portfolios. And the other always also distributors they're vital to the industry share. For companies for Burris from California to get to North Carolina they actually need a wholesale distributors and if I wanted to go to California with my beer I would use warning California. But I just wanna be local and I just wanna sell my beard here in the Charlotte area and in order to get. The customers here I can't be put into portfolio with 900 other products later. Including huge multinational conglomerates where they don't really care what they saw my product or another one. I need I need to focus salesforce. And it and I need good customer service to be successful. And so we just wanna keep her own product. And people say well 25000 barrels a lot of beer. It's it's actually a drop in the bucket so Charlotte alone drinks about one point five million barrels of beer per year. I'll and so by gay capped out at 25000 and that I have to hand over my entire business to a third party companies the really doesn't care about my success they care about their own. And so. All we're asking the state of North Carolina to do here is to let us do we've been doing since we opened and that is. Go around and service our customers and sell our products like in every other industry and decide how to take our product to market. In every other industry you decide what's the best way to go to market to wanna sell myself so I hired distributed off wanna have a rap. How to do it but in this industry don't have that choice but things evolve on main. This state up until your success Rula Amin maybe has never had. I'm not taken for beer that bureaucracy at all but that is a new problem. That they had. Well I that's a good point because the reason we have 200 bruise and with that and how is precisely because they allowed self distribution talk about what kind. It was South Carolina has like only fifty grew reason they're all tiny and that's because it on any agent would you invest two million dollars if you didn't even know if you gonna have access to market know what I've noticed you're gonna once picked up you've done. It's actually right you're attacked from your bar that's an survive and we don't want the bar our our our tap room is simply a promotional tool footer brewery. It's it's our number one promotional value and so we that's a nice little niche in our business but it's not our core business our core business is distributing. Through bars restaurants and grocery to consumers in north in the Charlotte region. In the big brands understand this right now there's there's learn to acquire. Then added I'm Barack Hussein came to discern to acquire local breweries in ins were spinning I'm offering a morning only room. In sin and that the market well yes so the big breweries finally figured out how to crush the craft media meant Sonia. For brewing concerns control 88% of the United States beer market. And those four companies realized. What they can do is create what's called stealth craft. So they buy regional craft breweries that they push him into these distributor portfolio's. And they use this strength. To influence the distributors to focus on their brands instead of the local branch support full and and so basically. That's the other big reason we don't wanna get forced in there is because will end up getting killed and another another and a lot I don't have much in the marvel and a lot today. As you said that your making your fists like Andy came after it and I mean why detail wagon adult right. But I'll tell you win win it seems like when the big boys by. And local craft brewers are way have you. The big changes to it it really feels less local. Well it's it's it's definitely. Different I mean what date they don't you know that they keep the local bird little Burry open but the job creation stops that location. Because what they do is they shift to production to there mega breweries switcher you know I think Anheuser-Busch's thirteen of fourteen around the country. And they do shift their production and blow the Brenda nationally. So that they can create another stealth craft print that you you you probably will notice that they don't put their name on the brands that your like goose island nobody advertisers that is Anheuser-Busch and I honestly didn't and anti join in Larry's the last time that most of people don't know that blue moon is of course product mean and and did the one that prove the concept for these guys and so. Now they've figured out how to successfully compete against a local Marines. By fooling the consumers into thinking it's a small local program. Oh well. I mean how much to talk about certain yet what you call it a campus or what facility with the new place up and coronary it's it's who we called a bras and beer garden so it's it's a beer hall. And it'll number in it and it'll also have a nice beer gardens similar to the one down and so sure how how much land. It's point four acres while. I mean most they'll remain woods and you'll when he usage winning in Charlotte. No world attend an Afghan and now so most of the Cornelius site will remain woods will use. Probably a similar amount as we're using down in Charlotte and you said did you chose an alias because this kind of the epicenter of that region. Yes it's central to the lake region and as you all know it's Charlotte traffic keep it's almost impossible to get through to lake from throat overly personalities in and I really think it's gonna get worse so we we actually think that. Did won't be. It'll be complementary to our location because it'll enable people in the lake region to also is organized your garden without having to drive an hour and a half temperature. Well that's wonderful men I've learned so much today. Here's I mean you're such a wealth of knowledge a lot of your arch nor should your console. We wish you much success. Give yourself a plug here and thanks for being with us well thank you thank you guys strand and again. You know just come on by real Mike Miller brewery stood outside talk to your friends enjoy a nice cool refreshing beer under the trees. So yeah wonderful. Thank you John thank you. Looks back at the root. Patrick got sick from Rosie services along chased him from the ruby namely companies. My hand intro is now long learning errors the rugby Stanley company Sebelius finally dragging out some this is true and Patrick and ruby is Sunday morning it was now or where with. Welcome to which is you're easy listen some more days. I'm here this is not in any art that is a much awhile mohicans. There we get may and we had John marina with no medical here. Assays and it right he did I didn't know what what what an interesting person in hail fellow business. Leader. And really yet I mean yeah plays in his his his back stories really inching up and I got to hear him and their business leaders are Charlotte blocked it is they had me at TC topics and every people in like this editor leaders in the community to speak and act. He came in on her historians say you know. Good grief and a he has an uphill battle for sure mean your frightens him. Some of the biggest and should be his models Arlen and keep it simple stupid make good German beer taste good don't try to get crazy with alcohol content and I'll try to get a crazy with this than man not obsessed. India and he has his beer garden right his place overall team and seen and what he's gonna do upping Cornelius. I mean I'm not saying it's a loss later on opposite profits sooner bit but what he's doing is given the lifestyle to his people. And animals from the same Alabama lifestyle. So they go by his beard here locally here Stater. In name in May go home on Friday nights and have a grower of copper. And in it takes him to sit by the fire get out of the beer Garten now use on XP and I I think I think did that it is it. He's I think the beard guardians probably from an economic standpoint. Where they make their money take about eat you're you're not taking to veer anywhere. He reiterated its own definitely low cost low load it on that do not distribution 56 dollars or dear verses which are gonna pay for six back of the store. Not yet nobody else's skin and their old their opponent know his record attired. The drugs don't have insurance Gavin and bill but. Eight. You not bank of Roby as we grow is a lifestyle is what people think and they think. Allen and emea lay who we are and how we make them feel and always get back to. To Ralph Lauren about fifteen years ago always grew I'll Wear polo was like that that the nicest are ever going and is simple you know. It's not stiff cheapest is definitely not the most expense of this hot equality for what you pay. And but I solace segment about fifteen years ago Ralph Lauren Thomas Ralph Lauren home. And I had. Dinara get out of college at thank come big town and it TJ Maxx and buy me some own say hello Ralph Lauren best friends right on man. Didn't know he had it until us our mama bear as brands but. That and Nassau this show on TV and interviewed in many send manned. He said the way he sent us all an opportunity and I owed this to my customers because the way they felt when they don't want in my shirts or jackets whether it was a suit. And and they had a business dinner or whether it was a plan they were going out the hang out on the farm he said they had it made them feel a certain way. He says so I thought that I owed it to be able to take it into her home and beats are. Around them and and quite frankly. Dallas before we re branded dangerous to be an ass Ali had made and was injury. And ask time I mean really I think I lose the mindset and asked a man that's we work release people. You know we do either office construction we're more business for a B commercial square. We do their home or more relaxed though little put together. Triangle in a tight to the point is what she's kind of different this is the same thing with the services that we won in the knee you're right trinity could he goes hand in hand let me get should go fool soul circle but now I'm not only that that. Believe we we wanna put people's mind eighties and we talked about that the terrible weather to cold weather we had a couple we CA. And you not talk to thinks is some Puerto Ricans and have gotten so many calls of people have frozen pipes. In Italy's gives paid hourly take care it is dissent feeling you're right I ET bring up well florists if I am remembering. And usher who's a very first row foreign sure polish right up would lower homicide they had been won the first I remember maybe I even. Paid for we had to Wear ties on Thursdays I played football in high school. Anna I on the third I got to about white Ralph form but now five for Christmas here before in your right it was a feeling like I Emma pull lecture on him talent. A delegate would do Alan Wilson myrtle. I never know Wes who the it and my brother when no Harding my Brothers are aware empower low and Tommie Hill obviously I'm Hilfiger and they didn't make either one of those brands bag in our data instilled that might have made polo Inky is that they didn't sell it in Charlotte at the one ballot. A is so lose. I had Abbas small adults. It. I came aware of small gold now you and you really tell where an extra large youth and people. But but but I mean you ma'am I mean literally the shoulder stitching that now is on my shoulder and somewhere in a medium. Let's run down in my elbow after hours about eight inches shoulder but thank Ellis four foot negative three. But it but man I felt good that he do you remember now and it's not a this year the year they can be a Matheson orderly do you remember going to the Cologne sanction of like bill we had Macy's it reaches the Atlanta a big TV the little samples. He outlook and a total on the and I hate Italy and put Honeycutt here are handing out startled Aaron watches it and I Yale college and watched guy and and I. Now my friends were released as a watch his sock that where I want to settle played I don't keep the Montana played a game but my dad would always buy flew it always about my dad for Christmas Paul Sebastien this Cologne and animated film with a lot generic tab and I'm bringing home with deadly enough. My dad brewed there under British Surrey British sterling producer. They've daily but Dan Miller does she also bashing watches he'd Wear fur but a nice Christmas they'll vote followed a partner replaced. For fake leather band seated at the net and you get up at the rim cut rate makes it less stuff than a concrete bags. Wow Leila I'm a good grace shows. Very educational SR gill and a half by an MBA education are we gonna start some in stabler movement alma. We've been duel and rugby rock star. And I think for the last segment for the month that they were gonna have our viewers for revenue cross the border not a team Atlanta's Andre particularly Jewish son who. Thank you for joining us have a wonderful Sunday this is that home with Roby shows. State to do next Sunday.


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5005 1151 W Georgia Street, Vancouver MLS®: R2286714
What a chance to live in a world-class view suite in one of the most recognized tower! Enjoy panoramic views from English Bay, Coal Harbour, Stanley Park To North Shore Mountains from the 50th floor. World class Trump Int'l Hotel & Tower Vancouver brings you a luxurious and spacious 2 bed with 2.5 baths. High-end finishings inlcude Arclinea kitchen with Gaggenau appliances, Crestron Smart Home System. Both bedrooms have ensuite bathrooms featuring luxurious marble bathrooms with Gessi fixtures, Victoria + Albert volcanic limestone sinks/tub and Laufen wall-hung toilets. Services and amenities include gym, pool, Mott 32 Chinese fine dining restaurants, Rolls Royce car services, champagne bar and more.
Taxes (2017): $5,766.39
- Air Cond./Central
- Elevator
- Exercise Centre
- In Suite Laundry
- Pool; Indoor
- Swirlpool/Hot Tub
- Air Conditioning
- ClthWsh
- Dryr
- Frdg
- Stve
- Disposal - Waste
- Drapes
- Window Coverings
- Intercom
- Microwave
Site Influences
- Central Location
- Marina Nearby
- Recreation Nearby
- Shopping Nearby
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Listed By: Sutton Group-West Coast Realty
Disclaimer: Listing data is based in whole or in part on data generated by the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver and Fraser Valley Real Estate Board which assumes no responsibility for its accuracy.

subset: commoncrawl


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Although people don't die coming from hsv simplex virus, there is a form teams between both of these microbe infections. A misunderstanding is the fact that individuals consider you are able to merely transmit herpes virus in the oral cavity to the reproductive organs when you've got a chilly painful, or an episode. There is even now not a way associated with forecasting whenever herpes virus will propagate, nevertheless we do are aware that just lately contaminated everyone has a greater likelihood of losing and also transmitting herpes. The trouble is that a lot of people's perceptions from the herpes simplex virus provide the actual number of misconceptions about it, rather than specifics. This data is designed to assist you to clear up your frustration about genital herpes and commence using beneficial measures to really get your existence back to normal. As well as whichever symptoms do appear may be around the legs, back again, fingers, and of course the actual genital area. And also herpes, HSV may taint the jaws and trigger fever blisters. Mastering you might have genital herpes can easily unleash lots of inner thoughts. When you have find out about herpes, you already know the particular statistic: Concerning one in five people your You.Azines. is actually attacked. You will get frustrated contemplating a very long time of signs or symptoms and having medications to manipulate all of them. Does herpes cause you to be much less eye-catching?
TheBody.net fills anyone throughout on the stock market, could you pass away coming from genital herpes, which has a insightful fact bed sheets, expert advice, community point of view, the most up-to-date news/research, and even more. I do think into finding that. Seroprevalence along with Risks regarding Hsv simplex virus Contamination within a Inhabitants associated with HIV-Infected Individuals within Europe. If your doctor thinks you're creating a initial herpes virus outbreak, you may get a doctor prescribed for a ten-day lifetime of a good antiviral medicine that will supposedly will prevent potential assaults. Stating infants could pass away from hsv simplex virus is quite remarkable. Make sure you go do your research folks, so you can be careful along with your expertise and properly help reduce the quantity of brand-new microbe infections. As if you think that herpes is detrimental, ocular herpes is significantly, much more serious. Furthermore, is it possible to get the original a fever more than once if the person is ultra run-down, or even does that REALLY only happen the 1st time?posted through lorrer with Being unfaithful:14 'm in May well Some, August 2005. Many people with HSV-1 have no idea they've that, and not have signs and symptoms. This hurts a great deal, trust me, nevertheless you're not really gonna pass away as a result, it's less than unpleasant, as well as the signs tend to be manageable.
Is there a likelihood of passing away via herpes? About 2,One hundred folks are hospitalized each and every year from herpes-associated. Are you able to Acquire Hsv simplex virus On your own Penile? Notice also. Herpes: Is it possible to obtain it from your lavatory chair? Personally i think ashamed to talk to any person about it thus coming on the following was a choice! And there will likely be people who find themselves child like when u ever make known for many years. You would like to expire given it provides wrecked you but it won't eliminate an individual, can be an excessive way to use it. Don't misunderstand it may acquire ough down any time an outbreak really does take place.
Must i see my personal General practitioner just before I could check out a center? May i move the herpes simplex virus into a partner easily don't have any signs? Folks request What does hsv simplex virus caused by an individual? It's a delicate computer virus and drops dead quickly when outside the pores and skin in which the sore is. You will get hsv simplex virus through anyone who has blisters on his or her mouth area, skin or even genital area. This particular infection usually will cause the infant to be able to perish or suffer mind retardation and loss of sight. In addition do not have any sort of sexual intercourse if you feel there's a chance you're obtaining an episode. One popular fantasy is that you could get herpes microbe infections from a potty seat or a water fountain. Research indicates herpes virus for you to expire within Ten seconds to become quit over a bathroom seat, and while it may make it for a longer period with a consuming fountain (due to humid situations), it's more inclined that this computer virus can perish a long time before your oral cavity details the particular fountain. For example, in case you discuss the drinking straw when someone is actually shedding, it could be very easy to deal HSV-1. The majority of medical professionals don't believe you'll be able to catch herpes by means of expressing straws as well as items, and also the National Herpes virus Hotline particularly claims that most prospective things cannot spread herpes, nevertheless the University involving Annapolis Clinic promises that it is probable. It is possible to give herpes to someone even when you haven't any obvious sore spots or even lesions. This can be most likely within the 1st A couple of years involving disease. You may experience usually unwell that you are becoming influenza, next tiny sores look. You will get hsv simplex virus via pressing somebody else's skin that has herpes simplex virus, including:. Simply what does herpes virus do today to myself? When you have signs and symptoms that you believe might be herpes simplex virus, you must go see a physician no after A couple of days soon after observing the indicator. Much more factors that will hsv simplex virus has distribute up to now along with extensive: It doesn't will need intercourse to be able to propagate; miniscule skin-to-skin speak to is sufficient. Herpes simplex virus checks have improved a whole lot in the last several years, your woman said, and I believe throughout shared decision-making involving the clinician as well as the affected person, and so i feel in case everyone is concerned about possessing hsv simplex virus and would like to become examined for it, it's sensible to get the check.
You may then be contaminated with both HSV-1 or HSV-2 (whichever your companion offers) along with will continue to create lesions at the website of the disease (in such cases, your mouth). So how do you know if you've got herpes? Herpes virus is a very feasible skin condition and result in virtually any injury to internal organs. Would it be nevertheless okay to make out somebody in case you don't come with an outbreak as well as signs and symptoms? Does it spread?. An individual certain has been LUCKY next, Our Initial Break out, I figured I became Going to Pass away. But a particular person using HSV-1 (the sort of computer virus that triggers cold sores or nausea sores round the mouth) may transmit the herpes virus through mouth making love to another person's sex organs. For the reason that virus will not are living away from system for long, you are unable to find herpes via an object, such as a bathroom couch. Even so, when someone has an episode, the outward symptoms might cause considerable discomfort. The entire reproductive organs can experience quite soft or agonizing, and the individual could have flu-like signs which includes nausea, headache, and inflamed lymph nodes. Which means you just found out there you have herpes, or even your spouse just stated which they onal obtained hsv simplex virus. You'll be getting fever blisters unless you die, but you won't pass away in the hsv simplex virus. Most of the people that have mouth herpes virus started using it after they had been youthful coming from a comparable as well as family members buddy. If you do have the sore spots, you will find over the counter as well as doctor prescribed remedies that can reduce the some time and intensity.
I think of it the same as a cool aching: someone that provides which computer virus within their physique might get a cool aching every now and then, maybe if they are burdened a couple of times 12 months, when these people have a cold painful these people wouldn't make out everyone along with distribute this around. Is it possible to, or any individual you realize, get rid of further gentle upon activities of what is this like to own hsv simplex virus? I'm not really likely to pass away as a result therefore for your Many thanks. Herpes meningoencephalitis is an infection in the human brain along with the cells which handles the idea with all the genital herpes. A lot of people who make it through the idea have long-term troubles later. In case, soon after critiquing your own history and signs or symptoms, your doctor considers you may have herpes virus meningoencephalitis, she or he will certainly get different tests and also assessments to confirm the verification. 70-80 of men and women knowledge Oral Herpes simplex virus (fever blisters) from the ages of decade outdated. Think regarding all of the things you are pleased regarding that you experienced. If somebody provides lively lesions (lesions they can experience and find out), it is called through an outbreak. You no longer need to possess sexual intercourse to get herpes. You can get hsv simplex virus for the jaws in case you make out anyone who has herpes about the jaws or you conduct mouth sex about the reproductive organs or even anal sphincter regarding somene who's herpes around the genital area as well as anus.


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VANILLA + AIR for Creativity. Awaken your mind and unleash your creative energy with these essential oils: violet, rose and Madagascar vanilla. The Elements Collection uses specially curated blends of essential oils to awaken our connection to the Elements and the immense power within them.
This All-Natural deodorant provides superior, long-lasting odor protection. Soothing essential oils blend with powerful antioxidants and beta glucan technology for daily defense and nourishment. Clinically Tested. Dermatologist Recommended. No Aluminum. No Paraben. No Propylene Glycol. No Harsh Chemicals.
Lipstick Queen invites you to take a chance and play the Dating Game. Choose between four medium-coverage, creamy, possible pink suitors all with a rich, silky and polished finish. Featuring a nourishing formula with SheaButter & Vitamin E, for beautifully conditioned lips, these flirtatious shades are vying to win your heart.
Bedazzling your eyes is something that makes your eyes pop. The Metallic Shadow Stick in 7 shades is a magical crayon that transforms your eyes to a pearlized or sparkling finish. Apply this velvety formula on your eyelids and blend with your finger or a brush for a light weight, long wearing, crease proof formula. Go for a light, sheer wash of color, or layer for more intensity. You can even use them as a beautiful smudgy eyeliner for a smoldering, smoky eye or take them from day to night by applying the Glimmer (Silver) or Dazzle (Gold) on top in a dabbing technique for a sparkling classic shadow that's not too much and gorgeous. Built-in sharpener: pull out bottom turn-dial to sharpen the top and just snap back on when you are done.
• A 20-minute bridal consultation • A 2-hour bridal preview
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During the bridal consultation, we will discuss the details that determine your look on your wedding day. We note the colors, style of wedding gown, hair style, jewelry, your personal makeup routine and your skin type.
For the Bridal Preview, we apply your makeup exactly how it will look on your wedding day. Your personal makeup design will be documented and a photograph will be taken to record your wedding-day makeup.
On the day of your wedding, one of our makeup artists will apply your makeup so that you don't have to do it yourself. We apply your makeup exactly how it looked at the Bridal Preview. You will leave with a touch up bag that includes translucent powder, sponges, Q-tips.
Arrangements may be made for your entire bridal party. Click here to see the bridal gallery.


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You can pick up the 2011 Betty Crocker Calendar, full of new recipes (and coupons), for free. These are in limited supplies so hurry and register!
You will have to sign up for a Betty Crocker email newsletter to qualify. If you are already signed up then pick a new email address… (I was already signed up for 2 of 3 but qualified by picking a newsletter I wasn't already getting).
(thanks Adventures in Savings!)


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Located on Lake Jasna, this welcoming guest house offers 6 rooms and a terrace overlooking the lake. Kranjska Gora's centre can be reached with a 15-minute walk alongside the river.
Rooms at Pension Milka have a seating area, LCD TV with cable channels, and painted furnishings. Some rooms also include private balconies with stunning views of Lake Jasna.
Evening meals at Pension Milka are served in the restaurant or on the terrace, which offers views of Lake Jasna. Free Wi-Fi and free private p...arking are available at the guest house. There is also luggage and ski storage.
There are plenty of walking and hiking opportunities surrounding Milka. It is just 1.5 km from Kranjska Gora's ski centre and the main bus station. Pension Milka is just 6 km from the Italian border and 7 km from the Austrian border.
|Vrsiska cesta 45
Kranjska Gora


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Madonna Slaps Amy Schumer's Butt On Stage During 'Rebel Heart' Tour — Watch
Amy Schumer is taking over the world! The amazing comedian has already racked up an impressive squad, and now she's been initiated into Madonna's crew!
Amy Schumer, 34, was a special guest at Madonna's Madison Square Garden concert on September 16, and the raucous duo made sure to show the audience something crazy: a huge butt slap! Madonna was having fun with her new dancer, and decided to give her a playful tap or two on her behind. Click through to watch the hilarious clip!
We know that both Amy and Madonna have no qualms about doing anything and everything in front of a huge audience, and they totally delivered on that at one of Madge's Rebel Heart shows. Amy delighted the audience by doing a standup set as Madonna's opening act, but came out on stage once again as a huge surprise!
Wearing a skimpy black dress and looking super sexy, Amy danced her heart out with Madonna's backup dancers, even twerking! Madonna took that opportunity to spin her around and do something only she could get away with: smacking Amy right on the bottom! Lifting up her skirt and exposing her lacy black undies, Madonna delivered a big, playful smack to her butt, and the audience went wild!
@Madonna having a little fun with @amyschumer on stage at @MadisonSquareGarden! https://goo.gl/17DQq0
A post shared by Perez Hilton (@theperezhilton) on
Amy went to get up after that, but Queen Madonna wouldn't have that. She was heard saying "I'm not done yet!" before pretending to kick her butt, then started twerking behind her, too. So funny! It was all in good fun; the pair joined hands and gleefully skipped down the stage together.
We already know that Amy and Jennifer Lawrence, 25, are besties. That blew our minds when we found out that they're so tight, they're working on a movie together. But knowing that Amy and Madonna are two peas in a pod is even more exciting! If this adorable video of Amy as a little girl is any proof, she can totally sing. Duet, you two?
HollywoodLifers, were you excited to see Amy appear on stage? Tell us in the comments and take our poll!
— Samantha Wilson


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Planning to have your baby join you for dinner at the dining table? Is your little one beginning to eat solid food now? Are you planning to make meal time a routine for your baby?
If you answered yes to any one of these questions, maybe it's time you get your little one a high chair. Read this post to know best baby high chairs.
Listed here are 15 of the best high chairs for babies:
1. 1st Step High Chair Fish Print:
The 1st Step High Chair, with the fish print, comes with a tray and a foot rest.
- The high chair has a safety harness to keep your baby secure.
- It is light weight and portable.
- You can easily open it up or fold it away.
- The high chair boasts of a comfortable padded seat.
- It features a pretty fish print.
- The feeding tray is removable, making it easy to clean.
- Dimensions: 62 X 51 X 93 cm.
- Available.
[ Read: Beautiful Cribs For Babies ]
2. Fisher Price Space Saver High Chair:
Fisher Price has been making stuff for toddlers for ages now. This high chair from fisher price not only saves space, but is the ideal dining table for your toddler.
- You can strap this high chair to any kitchen or dining chair.
- The safety harness secures the baby and makes it extremely secure.
- The food tray is dishwasher safe.
- The pad and the back are removable.
- The chair features three height adjustments to cater to your growing baby.
- Dimensions: 18.5 X 18 X 16.5 inches.
- Available.
3. Mee Mee High Chair:
The Mee Mee High Chair features a five point safety harness to secure your baby.
- The food tray can is easy to clean.
- The padded seat ensures that your toddler enjoys that extra comfort.
- You can remove the tray and adjust it according to your baby's growth.
- The chair can be opened and closed easily.
- As your baby grows, you can detach the padded seat and insert the activity tray. The chair will transform into a regular dining chair.
- Dimensions: 57 X 62 X 100 cm.
- Available.
4. Fisher Price Rain Forest Healthy Care Booster Seat:
The Fisher Price Rain Forest Healthy Care Booster Seat includes a cute play area that will keep your baby entertained.
- The chair features a tree with three spinning bugs.
- It boasts of a colorful bobbling parrot on one side, while the other side features a monkey that swings from a bead bar vine full of bananas.
- The harness is adjustable and the seat can be adjusted to three different heights.
- The seat back is removable.
- The front and rear straps are adjustable and can be attached to any chair.
- Dimensions: 13 X 15.5 X 17 inches.
- Available.
5. Keekaroo Height Right High Chair With Tray:
The Keekaroo Height Right high chair also includes an eating tray and a dishwasher safe tray cover.
- It has adjustable seat and foot plates.
- The chair can hold a weight of 250 pounds.
- It features cloth cushioning seating.
- The wooden food tray comes with a plastic tray cover which is BPA free.
- The chair has a three point safety belt for your baby's safety.
- It contains a passive crotch restraint, which secures your baby.
- The chair has been designed to resist tipping over and is extremely durable.
- Dimensions: 86.4 X 50.8 X 61 cm.
- Available.
6. Luvlap Baby High Chair 8083 (Comfy):
The Luvlap Baby High Chair is also a recliner and the height can be adjusted to suit your baby.
- It comes with a safety harness to secure your baby in place.
- The padded seat is highly comfortable for your little one.
- The food tray is big enough to accommodate all the meal accessories your little one needs.
- The foot tray will help your baby sit comfortably through meals.
- Dimensions: 80 X 49.8 X 22 cm.
- Available.
[ Read: Best Bouncers For Babies ]
7. Sunbaby High Chair Multicolor:
The Sunbaby High Chair sports a portable design.
- The PVC seat is foam-padded to provide extra comfort.
- The footrest makes sitting more comfortable and stable for your baby.
- The chair also features a large removable tray.
- The safety harness keeps your baby well protected and secure.
- Dimensions: 64 X 75 X 106 cm.
- Available.
8. Chicco Pocket Lunch High Chair:
This high chair features a three position reclining back rest.
- The padded cushion seat is removable and washable.
- The five point harness is fully adjustable and features two height settings.
- The tray has an integrated cup holder and prevents sliding.
- A large basket under the seat provides additional storage space for meal time accessories.
- The frame is wide and sturdy.
- The three position tray is also removable.
- Dimensions: 81 X 54 X 101 cm.
- Available.
9. Fab N Funky Wooden High Chair:
The Fab N Funky Wooden chair is more durable and lasts longer than most chairs featured on this list.
- The safety harness keeps your baby protected and secure.
- The spacious seat and foot rest only add to your baby's comfort.
- The wooden surface can easily be wiped clean.
- Dimensions: 62 X 42 X 77 cm.
- Available.
10. Farlin Green Feeding High Chair:
The Farlin Green Feeding High Chair is made of waterproof fabric.
- It features a convenient two position foot rest.
- The chair is easy to clean.
- The table is spacious and can be removed.
- The safety belt ensures your baby's safety as he enjoys his meal.
- Dimensions: 68 X 57 X 100 cm.
- Available.
[ Read: Play Yards For Babies ]
11. Hauck Mac Baby High Chair:
The chair sports a high back rest and a large seat.
- It has a five point safety harness that secures your baby but also provides enough room for movement.
- Has a large PVC tray.
- The seat cover is washable and made of cotton.
- The footrest is covered in non-slip rubber for better hold.
- Dimensions: 73 X 54 X 92 cm.
- Available.
12. Chicco Polly 2 In 1 High Chair:
The Chico Polly 2 in 1 high chair can be used as both a high chair and a regular chair once the baby grows up.
- This chair features a three position adjustable back seat.
- It can be adjusted to seven height levels.
- The tray is detachable, and cane be removed easily.
- You can recline the leg rest to let your baby relax.
- Dimensions: 63.5 X 82 X 92 cm.
- Available for.
13. Fab N Funky High Chair With Storage Basket:
The Fab N Funky High Chair with Storage Basket also features a handy meal tray and foot rest.
- The storage basket provided under the seat holds various meal time accessories.
- The safety harness helps protect your baby.
- Padded seating will help keep your baby cozy.
- The chair also features lockable wheels.
- Dimensions: 55 X 70 X 103 cm.
- Available.
14. Chicco Hook-On Table Chair Easy Lunch:
The Chicco Hook-On Table Chair can be attached to any kind of dinner table.
- The attachment contains a safety screw.
- The seat can easily be attached to most table tops.
- The seat covers are durable and strong.
- Your baby will be safe and secure in the protective harness.
- Dimensions: 64 X 36 X 36 cm.
- Available.
[ Read: Convertible Car Seats For Babies ]
15. Safety 1st Connexion Indoor 4 In 1:
The Safety 1st 4 in 1 seat can transform into a rocker, carrycot, bouncer and even a high chair.
- The product is waterproof and easy to clean.
- It is portable and can be carried around wherever required.
- The seat comes with two reclining positions, and the cushion is removable.
- The five point harness holds your baby safely.
- Dimensions 900 X 600 X 440 mm.
- Available.
These 15 options will help you decide which high chair is best for baby and make meal times fun and easy. You can now encourage your baby to eat at the dining table along with your whole family. At what age did you use high chair for baby? How was the experience? Don't forget to share your experience with us in the comments section below!
Recommended Articles:
- Top 10 Best Rocking Chairs for Your Baby
- 7 Best Baby Changing Tables
- Top 10 Best Bathtubs For Toddlers
- Top 10 Bassinets For Your Baby
- 5 Best Potty Seats For Your Little One
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Recent Posts
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13-04-13 to 20-04-13 Enkhuizen to Emden
Skipper: Ulrich, Andreas Crew Jurg, Bernhard, Oliver, Urs It's always a nervous moment when a new crew meets for the first time when they will be spendignt he whole week in such close proximity, and we met in Enkhuizen, before … Continue reading
30-03-13 to 06-04-13 Basel to Medmblik
Homesick for salt water Skipper: Marc and Urs Crew: Lilo, Christoph, Guido, Ludwig From the logbook: Easter Monday, 1st April 2013, 0910, entering the Bingener Lock. For the first time in the CCS's 60 year history. One of the club's … Continue reading
Season 2013…here we go again, hurrah!
After the winter maintenance work, our Rolling Swiss II is afloat again after coming from the shipyard in Pratteln on a low loader with police escort having been stripped down to her lowest possible road height. Launched into the Rhine … Continue reading
03.11. – 10.11.2012 Karslruhe – Basel, Rolling Home to Basel ii
Skipper: Werner and René Crew: Beni, René, Hermann and Rolf We were ecstatic that we managed to snag the last leg of the Rolling Swiss II tour from Karlsruhe to Basel. Coming Home! We imaged that the trip would be … Continue reading
20-10-12 – 27-10-12 On the way home to Basel
Our ship manager left RS II in the yard in Medemblik, ready for the Rhine tour. In picturesque Medemblik, we took RS II from the yard on a rainy day. After checking the repairs, we left the yard in the … Continue reading
20-10-2012 "Rolling Home!"
Since Saturday 20.10.2012 MY Rolling Swiss II has been on its way to Basel. The previous week she had an intensive overhaul and service at the De Welt Shipyard. Thus, all the traces of the previous 29 charters where eliminated. … Continue reading
22.09. – 29.09.2012 Kiel- Emden
Kiel Canal and the East Frisian Islands Skipper : Rolf und Markus Crew: Ruedi, Karl und Hanspeter The Trip starts with a simple dinner in Kiel on Friday 21.9. Where we can make the final agreements and preparations for the … Continue reading
15.09. – 22.09.2012 Kopenhagen – Kiel
Kiel Canal and the East Frisian Islands Skipper 1: Ernst, Skipper 2: Otto Crew: Benno, Pierre-François, Bernd, Mitch The skipper and part of the crew traveled to Kopenhagen and spent a night in the danish municipality before they could take … Continue reading
25.08. – 08.09.2012 Norrköping – Göteborg
Open Sea, Archipelagos, lakes, Secrets and canals Skipper: Hanspeter und Florin Crew : Suzanne, Ivo und Paulette A motley crew or 5, Canton borders forgotten, came together in Kloten. Ready, Excited and cheerful. Hanspeter, the experienced Skipper, Florion skipper 2 … Continue reading
18.08. – 25.08.2012 Stockholm – Norrköpping
Archipelago navigation at its best Skipper: Urs, Peter Crew : Marc-Henri, Andreas, Martin, Ernst "From Stockholm we will follow the coast down towards Norrköping. Our cruise takes us through archipelagoes, that require very careful navigation". This is the announcement from … Continue reading


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EXCLUSVE FEATURE: World-renown Peak Oil expert Richard Heinberg reads the latest issue of his Museletter (#181). Find out why people ask Richard to speak all over the world, from the European Parliament onward. Download the mp3 or stream the audio.
MuseLetter #181 / May 2007
by Richard Heinberg
Talking Ourselves to Extinction
Language is a powerful meta-tool that dramatically amplifies cooperative human efforts to control the environment. Language also opens the possibility for religion and science—which otherwise would not exist. Language helped generate our current ecological dilemma. Can language help solve it?
In systems theory and evolutionary biology, the word emergence describes the development of complex systems or organs; an emergent phenomenon is one based on the interaction of simpler elements but whose characteristics cannot be predicted based on a thorough knowledge of those elements. In the course of a species' evolution a variation may appear that is retained because it confers an advantage in terms of existing functions; but once in place, the new characteristic may act in combination with other capacities of the organism to make truly novel and unexpected functions possible. Life itself has been described as an emergent property of matter, and sensation and mind are emergent properties of higher organisms.
Human societies are dynamic, complex systems, and most of their signal features are understandable as emergent phenomena. It is a fascinating thought exercise (I've been at it for two decades now) to attempt to trace series of events in the past in order to identify the most decisive developments that enabled the emergence of industrial civilization. Of course, societal complexity depends on humans' ability to capture increasing amounts of energy from their environment, and so their genetic and social attributes that facilitate energy capture are crucial. Which of those attributes are keys to understanding the entire process?
Clearly, most of the emergent features of complex societies (their economies, technologies, and governments) depend on language. Now, language itself is an emergent phenomenon, a link in a long chain of them; however, it was a profoundly consequential one. In the grand edifice of human society, it should be considered a foundation stone.
The questions of how and when language evolved are hotly debated. Some archaeologists argue that the relatively sudden appearance, roughly 40,000 years ago, of counting sticks and new kinds of hunting tools suggests that language arose then. However, humans—including Neanderthals—were anatomically capable of speech much earlier; indeed, there is fossil evidence that the main areas of the brain associated with language (Broca's area and Wernicke's area) started to enlarge up to 1.5 million years ago. Moreover, humans' ability to spread to regions outside of Africa, and especially to islands, may have depended upon their use of language to convey information and intention and to coordinate tasks. It may be that we have been using language so long that our brains, throats, and chests have all evolved in tandem. The situation is likely similar to what has happened in the computer industry over the past few decades: just as hardware and software developers work cooperatively, one designing according to the needs and capacities of the other, our own internal hardware (brain and speech faculties) and software (language) have become, in a sense, made for one another.
Part of the problem in determining when and how language arose may lie in definitions. The term language can refer in a vague or general sense to any sort of communication; but this usage is not always helpful. All animals communicate using sound, color, scent, or gesture. Even plants and fungi communicate with one another using chemicals and gene-packets transmitted via soil or air. Human language differs from these kinds of information transfer in its level of abstraction, its multiplicity of symbols, and in the complexity of its grammar (or system of rules for the manipulation of symbols). It is one thing to signal a somatic or emotional state or a general intention, but quite another to discuss events, including hypothetical ones, in the future or the past, or in distant places.
Language made these things possible, but much more as well. Language generated our peculiarly human form of self-awareness: we can talk about ourselves, talk about talking, and think about thinking. Our relationship with our environment also changed, as language enabled us to coordinate our thinking and behavior across time and distance in a way that was unprecedented, making us a far more formidable species (compare the population size and environmental impacts of humans today with those of chimpanzees or gorillas). Writing only exacerbated these trends, heightening the level of abstraction in language and widening our ability to convey thoughts and align collective action. If talking helped organize effective hunting bands, writing enabled the formation of nation states. Add printing, radio, television, and fossil fuels, and here we are today.
But with language came an array of unintended consequences—which, of course, is just another name for emergent phenomena.
Language and Religion
"In the beginning was the Word," begins the Gospel according to John. In Genesis, creation commences with a series of spoken commands, starting with "Let there be light." The creation stories of the ancient Egyptians, Celts, and Mayans likewise emphasized the generative potency of language.
This striking coincidence, noted by many scholars of world mythology, cloaks a supreme irony: while religion ascribes magical power to words, there are reasons to think that religion itself may be an inevitable though accidental outgrowth of language.
It is interesting to speculate as to whether non-human animals have awareness of something that humans might recognize as a spiritual dimension of existence. Do dogs and cats have near-death or out-of-body experiences? Do birds experience awe and wonder when watching the sunrise? There is no way to know for sure. In any case, it is fairly clear that no non-human species has developed a religion—if we mean by this term an organized set of beliefs about the supernatural, and a set of practices oriented to the service or worship of a divine being or beings.
Why not? What is unique about humans that would lead us to construct religions? Are we set apart because we alone possess souls? Or do our brains contain some unusual structure shared by no other animal? Research into "neurotheology," while controversial, offers some clues: religious or spiritual experiences seem primarily to be associated with the right temporal lobe of the neocortex, implying that feelings associated with such experiences are normal features of brain function under extreme circumstances. Nevertheless, it is likely that the problem of religion is as much an issue of "software" (language) as it is one of "hardware" (brain structure).
Let us suppose that language was initially used only for practical purposes such as coordinating hunting efforts. Slowly, haphazardly, people must have developed rudimentary elements of vocabulary and grammar, often in order to aid with planning—an activity inherently implying the senses of location, time, cause, effect, and intention. Women, men, and children began to make simple sentences to ask and to explain—who, what, where, when, and why? Once the abilities to pose and answer such questions were in place, these inevitably began to be applied to less immediately pressing concerns. The Pleistocene hunter went from asking, "Where did these bison come from?" to "Where did stars, the Moon, the Sun, and people come from?" Hence the mythologies of aboriginal peoples everywhere are rich in origin stories. Language was seductive in its power: once a tiny morsel of reality had been verbally nibbled off, its incomplete digestion provoked a recurring hunger to take another and yet another bite, and eventually to swallow the world whole.
As power over the environment grew, as society became more complex and formidable, religion mutated accordingly. Hunter-gatherers saw nature as alive and filled with spiritual presences that could directly be engaged by way of shamanic practices. Such beliefs and behaviors grew out of these people's direct interaction with their environment, and fit their needs for social cohesion within an egalitarian context. With division of labor and thus a hierarchical organization of society came full-time specialists who got their food not directly from nature but from other humans; some of these specialists were spiritual intermediaries (priests) who appealed to sky gods detached from nature and the lives of commoners. With writing, myths about the gods could be codified and carried to distant lands (this story is told in fascinating detail in Bruce Lerro's From Earth Spirits to Sky Gods).
These side effects of language have had their own perplexing and sometimes nasty consequences. With religion we have come to believe absurdities, and hallucinated gods and demons have become central to people's lives. Here in America in the early 21st century it is considered normal for people to talk regularly with a shared imaginary friend, and to believe that this particular imaginary friend is uniquely efficacious—to believe, in fact, that to talk to any other imaginary friend is blasphemy. While this behavior appears more than a tad daft to non-participants, the latter rarely comment on it publicly because to do so would be impolite, and because the believers are so numerous and so vehement in the defense and promotion of their practices. Now, talking to imaginary friends may serve a useful purpose: back in the early 1980s, Julian Jaynes theorized that conversing with hallucinated gods provides a way for otherwise walled-off verbal and non-verbal areas of the brain to interact with one another. Nevertheless, the practice clearly risks personal and societal disengagement from reality. Many people have been killed simply because they talked to the wrong imaginary friend, or refused to talk to the right one.
German orientalist Max Müller (1823–1900), who virtually created the discipline of comparative religion, put the matter succinctly by asserting that mythology is a "disease of language."
Perhaps the word disease seems too harsh. After all, mythology has its uses as well: as Joseph Campbell never tired of saying, myth gives us meaning. And surely meaning is a good thing. Nevertheless, the human need for meaning again highlights our obsessive and dependent relationship with language. Meaning is always attached to symbols: we invest a symbol with meaning, and that meaning is conveyed to whoever correctly interprets the symbol. We see a sentence written in an unfamiliar language and we wonder, "What does it mean?" As we have become ever more hooked on linguistic symbols, we have come to see nearly everything as if it were a sign for something else. We look to stars, tea leaves, and coincidences for meaning. The universe is talking to us! Myths are verbal narratives that seek to unpack the meaning of existence. We seldom wonder why it is that life itself must have meaning in order for it to be satisfying; is it possible that existence could be sufficient unto itself, with no need for an embedded message?
Religion consists of more than just mythology, though. Surely religion evolved at least partly to coordinate and moderate collective behavior via systems of morality and ethics. The senses of good and evil, of honor and shame, have become such powerful internal motivators for humans that even most atheists are continually compelled by them. There is nothing quite like this among other species, whose behavior tends to be less learned and more genetically scripted, and who therefore do not engage in the practices of rewarding or punishing one another's behavior nearly to the same degree we do. Ironically, morality often contributes to humans' most brutal acts, which have little precedent in other animals (witch burnings, as just one example, were morally motivated).
Nevertheless, the development of complex societies would surely have been difficult if not impossible without morality—which had previously often been turned toward ecological ends, as early societies codified their needs to moderate reproduction, avoid incest, and protect natural resources via their taboos ("Do not kill the red kangaroo during its mating season!"). But then, once religion and society had mutually mutated in the direction of abstraction and complexity, morality became at least partly unhinged from environmental and genetic necessity and began increasingly to adhere to written myths about the verbally hallucinated sky gods.
From an ecological point of view, the results were sometimes inadvertently salutary: religious wars (such as the Crusades) helped temporarily to moderate human population levels—though comparable results had been achieved by some hunter-gatherer societies using gentler methods such as herbal contraception. Some religions also promoted celibacy among priests, monks, and nuns, again helping to stem population growth. But as people's verbal obsessions began to be taken up with myths that had more to do with consolidating the power of religious elites than with regulating people's relations with the natural world, religion served increasingly as an instrument of social and ecological conquest.
Nevertheless, if language muddied humans' connections with nature by way of verbal speculation, regimentation, and hallucination, it also fostered a countervailing tendency.
Grammar, Reason, Logic, and Evidence
Other animals observe, plan, draw conclusions from experience, and continually revise their mental pictures of reality. These capacities, the foundations of reason, are not uniquely human. Logic, which is the study of reasoning, is uniquely human, however, because it requires language.
Logic is inherent in grammar, which people developed and used long before there were grammar schools, or schools of any sort, and young children still absorb the basic rules of grammar intuitively without having to be drilled in them. In language, each coherent packet of meaning (such as a sentence) must adhere to some agreed-upon standards if it is to be useful. In this regard a sentence is like a mathematical equation (mathematics, after all, is itself a language): before an equation can be correct or incorrect, it must conform to basic rules. Unlike the statements "2+6=8" and "3+4=9" (one of which we would recognize as being true, the other false), the statement "=5+7 –" cannot be said to be true or false; it is simply unintelligible because it is not organized as a complete equation according to the rules of arithmetic. (Quantum physicist Wolfgang Pauli, who was known for his abhorrence of sloppy thinking, once famously commented that another scientist's work was "not even wrong.")
Grammar and logic give us the basis for making comprehensible statements about the world; linking logic with empirical evidence helps us formulate true statements and recognize when statements are false. This, again, is a long-standing practice: millennia before the scientific method was codified, people relied on feedback between language and sensory data to develop an accurate understanding of the world. Are the salmon running yet? Let's go look.
However, not all possible statements could be checked empirically. If someone said, "These berries taste good," that was at least a matter for investigation, even if everyone didn't agree. But the situation was more complicated if someone said, "The volcano smokes—that must be because the gods are angry; and if the gods are angry it must be because we haven't provided enough sacrifices." Unlike the observation that the volcano was smoking, the following two statements and the reasoning behind them had no checkable basis—unless the gods could be called into the village commons and publicly queried about their moods and motives (the attempt to do so may have led to the origin of shamanic trance mediumship). This was magical thinking—reasoning based on mere correlation rather than an empirically, publicly verifiable chain of causation.
It was inevitable that magical thinking would flourish given that there were so many subjects of interest for which empirical investigation was impractical or irrelevant. That situation continues: there is no empirical basis for answering, once and for all and to everyone's satisfaction, questions like, "Does God exist?", "Who am I?", "What happens to us when we die?", or "What is the greatest good?"
Yet however strong the temptation to engage in it, magical thinking when tied to religion failed to provide much practical help in industry or commerce. As these limits came to be appreciated, and as industry and commerce expanded, philosophers and students of nature began to construct the formalized system of inquiry known as the scientific method. Here was a way to obtain verifiable knowledge of the physical world; better still, it was knowledge that could often be used to practical effect. The method came to hand at a propitious time: wealth was flowing to Europe from the rest of the world due to colonization and slavery; meanwhile the development of metallurgy and simple heat engines had proceeded to the point where the energy of fossil fuels could be put to widespread use. When coupled with the project of technological invention, science and mathematics yielded undreamt-of power over the environment. When further coupled with capitalism (corporations, banking, and investment) and fossil fuels, the result was the industrial growth machine.
All of this would have been fine if we lived in an infinite sea of resources, but instead we inhabit a bounded, finite planet. Humanity had set a course toward disaster.
Language and the Ecological Dilemma
The ecological dilemma (which consists of the mutually rebounding impacts of population pressure, resource depletion, and habitat destruction) is certainly not unique to the modern industrial era; indeed, it is not unique even to humans. However, modern humans have created a dilemma for themselves of unprecedented scope and scale.
The dilemma, whether encountered by people or pigeons, is often a matter of the failure of success: the genetically engrained aims of the organism are to reproduce and to increase its energy capture, but its environment always has limited resources. Thus temporary population blooms (which are, in their way, evidence of biological success) are usually followed by a crash and die-off. In humans, the powers conferred by language, tools, and social organization have enabled many boom-and-bust cycles over the millennia. But the recent fossil-fuel era has seen so much growth of population and consumption that there is an overwhelming likelihood of a crash of titanic proportions.
This should be glaringly obvious to everyone. We know about the ecological dilemma from our ecologists' studies of population blooms and crashes in other species. Our soil scientists appreciate the limits of modern agriculture. Our geologists understand perfectly well that fossil fuels are finite in quantity. And our mathematicians can easily calculate exponential growth rates to show how quickly population increase and resource depletion will outstrip our ability to satisfy even the most basic human needs. Verbal and mathematical logic, joined with empirical evidence, make an airtight case: we're headed toward a cliff.
But language also keeps most of us in the dark. This is partly because magical thinking is alive and well—and not just in churches and New Age seminars.
In the last couple of centuries, the magical thinking associated with religion, under assault from science, has found a new home in political and economic ideologies. Economics, which masquerades as a science, began as a branch of moral philosophy—which it still is in fact. For free-market ideologues, the market is God and profit is the ultimate good. We have used language to talk ourselves into the myth of progress—the belief that growth is always beneficial, and that there are no practical limits to the size of the human population or to the useable extent of renewable or even non-renewable natural resources. This particular myth was an easy sell: it is an inherently welcome message (a version of "you can eat your cake and have it too") and it seemed to be confirmed by experience during a multi-generational period of unprecedented expansion based on the one-time-only consumption of Earth's hydrocarbon stores.
Meanwhile, at the business end of economic theory, masters of advertising, marketing, and public relations have learned deftly to manipulate symbols and images for emotional effect, sculpting the public's aspirations for comfort and prestige. This new kind of magical thinking does contribute to commerce and industry—and spectacularly so! (For historical details on this, see the BBC television documentary series "Century of Self" by Adam Curtis, and the books of Stuart Ewen.)
In politics, the 20th century saw battles between the quasi-religious ideologies of the Left and Right—Leninism, Stalinism, Fascism, Nazism, and Maoism, along with British "it's-for-your-own-good" colonialism and equally benevolent Yankee imperialism. In recent years, the political philosophy of Leo Strauss and his followers has come to the fore via the neoconservative members of the current Bush administration. Strauss taught a doctrine that is really just the explicit utterance of an implicit belief common among ruling elites—that it is the duty of wise leaders to cloak their policies in potent patriotic and religious symbols and myths in order to galvanize the internal ethical imperatives of the masses. In other words, lies (if told by the right people for the right reasons) are not only good and necessary; they are the very foundation of responsible statecraft. On this basis, however, language ceases to provide a toolset for accurately mapping the world and instead becomes a mental haze enveloping society, preventing us collectively from grasping our situation. Only the rulers are expected (or allowed) to know the true score; but all too often they come to believe their own myths.
And so we today live in a fog of words so thick that it largely prevents us from seeing where we are or where we're headed. Language helps us understand, and at the same time prevents understanding. It enables reason and rationality, yet also facilitates their opposites.
Simply put, language magnifies all of the conflicting priorities and potentials of the human organism.
Can Language Help Us Now?
It might seem that the solution to our quandary is a big dose of logic and empiricism. If only the matter were that simple.
Modern brain research explodes the notion that logic can exist in pristine isolation from emotion and somatic states: as neurologist Antonio Damasio explained in his book Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain, emotion and reason are not separate; in fact, the latter is inherently dependent upon the former. Domasio explored the unusual case of Phineas Gage, a man whose severe brain injury prevented him from feeling emotions. While Gage remained intelligent and responsive after his accident, he lost the ability to make rational decisions and to reason, because his emotions were inaccessible to the process. Damasio argued that bodily senses give rise to emotions, which in turn provide the basis for rational thought (as well as irrational thought). Thus our state of mind merely reflects our state of body, with emotion as the essential intermediary. The rational and emotional functions of language appear to be handled differently by the hemispheres of the brain: it seems that the left hemisphere processes verbiage that conveys linguistic meaning, while the right hemisphere processes verbal (as well as musical and other artistic) expression that conveys emotional content. There are indications that, in most people, the right hemisphere has a tendency to repress the free functioning of the left, thus making brain activity lopsided and dysfunctional while fomenting self-sabotaging internal conflict. This may be one reason we can appear perfectly rational in our pursuit of ends that are, from another perspective, just plain crazy.
Again, the organism wants energy, space, and the opportunity to reproduce itself. However, if every human's individual pursuit of those goals went unchecked, there could be no organized society because all collective effort would dissolve in continual one-on-one competition. Humans would go from bloom to crash with no period of stability between, and none of this would serve the organism's long-term interests.
Therefore the organism also needs to cooperate, to attenuate wants and desires, and to restrain reproduction. Accordingly we have developed innumerable customs, institutions, and moral strictures to promote moderation. The result is the battle of instinct against society that Freud agonized over (and largely mischaracterized) in Civilization and Its Discontents. In stable societies, a truce is struck that may last centuries or millennia. In our modern world, temporary success based on unique historical circumstances has led us to cast most self-limitation aside, and we have given ourselves perfectly good reasons for doing so. The truce is broken, and we are at war with nature and future generations.
Is it possible, now and quickly, to tame the organism's hunger for growth and head off catastrophe? Yes, in principle. One of the wonders of language is that it makes rapid societal change possible. Where another species would require centuries or millennia of genetic variation and natural selection to adapt itself to new conditions, we can shift our collective behavior in a matter of months or years, given language, media, and effective appeals to ethics. Whether it is possible to do so in the current situation, given the enormous growth momentum developed during the past two centuries, remains to be seen. Nevertheless, it is a useful exercise to imagine how a rapid surge toward collective self-limitation might come about.
Somehow, leaders would have to engage the non-rational aspects of mass consciousness by playing upon our shared needs for meaning and myth, using verbal voodoo to alter attitudes and behavior as rapidly as possible. Wartime jingoism has accomplished something similar on many occasions in the past. An appeal would need to be made, on an ethical basis, to reduce consumption and alter personal aspirations. President Carter tried to do this when he suggested, in 1977, that solving the energy crisis was "the moral equivalent of war"—but sadly other politicians and the arbiters of economy and culture failed to back him up. To be successful, such an effort would require the enthusiastic participation of the advertising, public relations, and entertainment industries, as well as organized religions and all major political institutions.
The campaign would have little chance of success if it were not also based on sound rational arguments, since purely emotional appeals would be rejected out of hand by the most intelligent and influential members of society. Moreover, if an attempt to change collective behavior were not based on empirically verifiable, survival-based necessity, it would amount to crass manipulation worthy of a Karl Rove or an Edward Bernays; hence its moral credibility would soon wane.
In the current instance, the rational basis for the appeal, and its survival necessity, are clear. Nothing is to be lost and everything to be gained by sharing accurate and relevant information about our situation; there is no need to exaggerate the threat.
Today precisely such an effort is already under way with regard to climate change. Al Gore and his famous movie have framed the crisis in moral terms, while hundreds of scientists, by endorsing the conclusions of the IPCC, have established a concurrent appeal to rationality.
As yet, the message does not have a sufficiently broad base of cultural support to curtail ongoing, richly-funded calls to buy, consume, and travel. Perhaps the addition of the Peak Oil message, by highlighting immediate economic and geopolitical threats posed by continued societal reliance on fossil fuels, will help broaden the coalition of support for needed change. But all of this will have to happen very quickly.
* * *
At this point, language is a given. For better or worse, we humans are stuck with it, even if it arguably has contributed to crises that threaten us with extinction. One way or another, the way we deal with the enormous ecological challenge facing us will be mediated by words, words, and more words—some accurately reflecting the situation, others concealing it.
Meanwhile here we are, I writing, you reading. We share—I hope and assume—a commitment to logic and evidence, and to an ethic of collective human and non-human survival that transcends the myths of religion and progress.
There is no denying the satisfaction—even thrill—that comes when language hits its mark by dramatically aiding our understanding of what is by now an unimaginably complex human matrix. Perhaps the most we can do, now as before, though with more urgency than ever, is to harness that thrill by using language skillfully to describe and persuade; and meanwhile to act in ways that are congruent with the ethical content of our words.