text:
Electrically actuated injector
Subclass of:
123 - Internal-combustion engines
123445000 - Fuel injection system
Patent class list (only not empty are listed)
Deeper subclasses:
|Class / Patent application number
|Number of patent applications / Date published
|Actuator circuit (e.g., engine condition responsive electronic circuit actuates injector valve)
|Magnetically actuated switching
|Mechanically actuated switching
|Reducing variations in close coupled post injections in a fuel injector and fuel system using same - An electrically controlled fuel injector includes an armature that is movable between a first armature position and a second armature position inside an armature cavity containing fuel. By reducing the size of the armature cavity to a squish film drag gap, the armature experiences a squish film drag phenomenon when the armature moves from the first armature position to the second armature position reducing the armature travel speed but also reducing the settling time of the armature after an injection event. By reducing the armature travel speed; the armature experiences a reduction in magnitude of armature bounce allowing the armature to settle down quicker and produce minimum controllable injection events with shorter dwell times than predecessor fuel injectors, especially for close coupled post injection events.
|Electronic pressure relief in a mechanically actuated fuel injector - A mechanically actuated electronically controlled fuel injector includes a first electrical actuator that controls the position of a spill value, and a second electrical actuator to control pressure on a closing hydraulic surface associated with a nozzle check valve. The fuel injector is actuated via rotation of a cam to move a plunger to displace fuel from a fuel pressurization chamber either to a spill passage or at high pressure out of a nozzle outlet of the fuel injector for an injection event. Pressure in the fuel injector is moderated when the plunger is moving and the nozzle check valve is in a closed position by briefly cracking open the spill valve to relieve some pressure during the dwell between injection events, such as between a large main injection event and a small close coupled post injection event. This strategy allows for longer dwell times between injection events as well as smaller injection quantities in the post-injection.
|Actuated by ignition pulse
|Control Device for High-Pressure Fuel System - The present invention reduces exhaust emissions at startup, provides improved fuel pressure control performance in a low-load region, and detects high-pressure fuel system abnormalities. Disclosed is a high-pressure fuel system control device which includes a high-pressure pump for pressurizing fuel and discharging the pressurized fuel to a fuel rail, an injector for injecting the fuel stored in the fuel rail, and a fuel pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the fuel stored in the fuel rail, and controls the high-pressure pump and the injector in accordance with an output generated from the fuel pressure sensor. The high-pressure fuel system control device includes a homo-elasticity coefficient estimation section for estimating a homo-elasticity coefficient of fuel in accordance with a pressure change which occurs when a fuel discharge amount of the high-pressure pump is not smaller than a predetermined value; a fuel pressure estimation section for estimating fuel pressure within the fuel rail in accordance with the homo-elasticity coefficient and control target values for the high-pressure pump and the injector; and a fuel control section for correcting an injection pulse of the injector in accordance with the fuel pressure estimated by the fuel pressure estimation section.
|RELIEF VALVE FOR HIGH-PRESSURE FUEL PUMP - A relief valve includes a valving element, a movable holder, a housing having a guide hole and a valve seat, and a resilient member. The valving element is lifted from its seated state, in which the valving element is engaged with the valve seat, toward a pressurizing chamber in a lift period. The lift period includes a lift first period and a lift second period. An amount of the lift of the valving element reaches a set distance in the lift first period. The lift second period is after the amount of the lift of the valving element has reached the set distance. The movable holder slides inside the guide hole both in the lift first period and in the lift second period. A minimum clearance area between the movable holder and the guide hole is larger in the lift second period than in the lift first period.
|Fuel Injection System for Diesel Engines with Compression Ignition - In a fuel injection system and method for a diesel engine with compression induced ignition, NO
|METHOD FOR DRIVING A SOLENOID VALVE OF A FUEL INJECTOR - A battery supplies power to a solenoid valve at a voltage and by a DC/DC boost converter at a boost voltage that is higher than the battery voltage. Operating parameters of the injector are stored that include at least peak high and peak low currents and peak phase duration. A pull-in phase up is performed to current into the solenoid valve when a value greater than the peak high current is reached. Current is monitored into the solenoid and switching on the battery voltage to the solenoid if the current into the solenoid is equal to or lower than, the peak low current, then monitoring the current into the solenoid and powering the solenoid at the boost voltage if the current into the solenoid is still lower than the peak low current. Otherwise powering the solenoid at the battery voltage and performing a hold phase.
|FUEL INJECTOR WITH FUEL PRESSURE SENSOR AND ELECTRICAL INTERCONNECTION METHOD OF THE SAME - In a fuel injector, a body has formed therein a spray hole and a fuel supply passage. Fuel supplied to the fuel supply passage is delivered to the spray hole. A fuel pressure sensor produces a signal indicative of a pressure of the fuel. First terminals are attached to the fuel pressure sensor, and include a terminal for outputting the signal. The fuel pressure sensor is threadedly installed in the body while the plurality of first terminals are rotated about a preset axis. A connector includes a housing attached to the body, and second terminals supported by the housing for external electric connection of the fuel pressure sensor. Electrodes are each arranged to extend around the preset axis in a circular arc. Each of the electrodes electrically connects a corresponding one of the first terminals to a corresponding one of the second terminals.
|FUEL INJECTOR WITH FUEL PRESSURE SENSOR AND ELECTRICAL INTERCONNECTION METHOD OF THE SAME - In a fuel injector, a body has formed therein a spray hole and a fuel supply passage. Fuel supplied to the fuel supply passage is delivered to the spray hole. A fuel pressure sensor produces a signal indicative of a pressure of the fuel. First terminals are attached to the fuel pressure sensor and include a terminal for outputting the signal. The fuel pressure sensor is threadedly installed in the body while the first terminals are rotated. A connector includes a housing attached to the body, and second terminals supported by the housing for external electric connection of the fuel pressure sensor. Wires are operative to establish electrical connection between the first terminals and the second terminals. A wire holder is configured to hold each of the plurality of wires at least partly around the fuel pressure sensor.
|FUEL INJECTOR WITH A VARIABLE ORIFICE - A variable orifice fuel injector has both an inward opening needle valve and an outward opening needle valve and has means to inject fuel in different hollow conical spray patterns and conventional multiple jet spray patterns selectively and independently.
|FUEL INJECTION DEVICE - A fuel injection device for smooth discharge of a gas accumulated therein comprising a fuel pump, a solenoid valve for injecting pressurized fuel into the intake passage of an engine, a high-pressure fuel passage extending from the fuel pump to the solenoid valve and has a medially positioned constant-pressure chamber, and a fuel return passage connected to a fuel return pipe, with the fuel return passage extending from the constant-pressure chamber and having a medially positioned priming pump. The constant-pressure chamber is configured with the top wall in the upper space thereof disposed above the opening of the high-pressure fuel passage opposite the solenoid valve, the fuel return passage opens into the upper space at a position above the opening of the high-pressure fuel passage, and the gas accumulating in the constant-pressure chamber is discharged from the upper space toward the fuel tank via the fuel return passage.
|Fluid Injector And Method For Operating A Fluid Injector - A fluid injector includes a valve body, a valve needle and axially moveable in the valve body between a closing position that prevents a fluid injection and further positions that permit the fluid injection, an armature coupled to the valve needle for displacing the valve needle away from the closing position, and a solenoid assembly including at least a first and second coil and operable to magnetically actuate the armature via an electrical signal. A method for operating the fluid injector includes applying the electrical signal to the first coil to generate a magnetic field to move the armature for displacing the valve needle away from the closing position, evaluating a voltage across terminals of the first coil, and controlling the second coil with a further electrical signal to saturate a magnetic field in a portion of the valve body between the armature and solenoid assembly during evaluating the voltage.
|FUEL INJECTOR WITH HIGH STABILITY OF OPERATION FOR AN INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE - The injector comprises a dosing servo valve for controlling a rod for opening/closing a nebulizer. The servo valve has a valve body having a control chamber provided with an outlet passage that is opened/closed by an open/close element that is axially movable. The open/close element is separate from an anchor of an electromagnet, and is slidable on an axial guide element for closing the outlet passage. The open/close element is held in the closing position by a spring acting through an intermediate body. The anchor can be displaced with respect to the axial guide element between a flange of the intermediate body and a projection element of the guide member, for eliminating the rebounds of the open/close element upon closing of the solenoid valve.
|INJECTION NOZZLE FOR FUEL WITH BALL VALVE - The invention relates to a fuel injector comprising a nozzle retainer or an injector body, a valve body and a nozzle body, in which a preferably needle-shaped injection valve member is arranged to be vertically movable, said member releasing or closing at least one injection port leading to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine depending on the pressure relief of or the pressure load on a control chamber. The invention is characterized in that a valve comprising a preferably ball-shaped valve element is arranged in the nozzle retainer or in the injector body for the pressure relief of the control chamber.
|Piezoelectric Device - A piezoelectric device comprising a device body bearing encapsulation means to protectively encapsulate the device body wherein the encapsulation means includes an ion exchange membrane.
|METHOD FOR ACTIVATING AN INJECTOR IN A FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A method for activating an injector in a fuel injection system in an internal combustion engine, the fuel injection system including a plurality of injectors and a quantity of fuel injected with the aid of an injector being a function of the activation period of the injector. An injector-individual correction value for the activation period is ascertained for at least one injector as a function of a pressure and a temperature of the fuel to be injected and the activation for this injector takes place under consideration of the injector-individual correction value.
|EMISSION REDUCTION RETROFIT METHOD AND KIT FOR EMD TWO-CYCLE DIESEL ENGINES - A method for retrofitting an existing EMD 567/645 two-cycle diesel engine to reduce exhaust emissions includes the steps of removing mechanical fuel injectors and associated components and installing of electronic unit fuel injectors and associated components. Also disclosed is a kit for retrofitting an existing EMD 567/645 two-cycle diesel engine to reduce exhaust emissions.
|FUEL INJECTION VALVE - The objective of the present invention is to realize the structure, of a fuel injection valve, in which bouncing of the needle can be suppressed and the armature position can be fixed while the valve is closed, without increasing the number of components and the number of processes. In a fuel injection valve including an armature that is repelled or attracted by a core, by de-energizing or energizing a coil, a needle that opens or closes a valve seat in accordance with a reciprocal travel of the armature, and a valve-closing spring that biases the needle so as to close the valve, when the coil is de-energized, the valve-closing spring is disposed on the armature, and the needle and the armature are fixed in such a way that the armature can travel in an axis direction by a predetermined amount with respect to the needle.
|PIEZOELECTRIC DIRECT ACTING FUEL INJECTOR WITH HYDRAULIC LINK - A piezoelectric-actuated fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a piezoelectric actuator movable to expand in a first direction and movable to contract in a second direction opposite the first direction, and a hydraulic link assembly disposed within a nozzle cavity formed in a nozzle housing containing a nozzle valve element. The hydraulic link assembly is positioned close to the injector orifices to minimize needle valve element length and mass, thereby reducing seat impact forces and enhance response time. A refill valve operates to move into an open position to refill a hydraulic link chamber. An actuator power source operates to vary voltage to cause multiple injection pulses and to selectively maintain the voltage above a predetermined lower level between injection pulses to maintain the refill valve in a closed position to prevent refilling of the hydraulic link chamber.
|Method for Operating an Internal Combustion Engine with Assistance from an Electric Machine, and Internal Combustion Engine - A method for operating an internal combustion engine is disclosed, in which method test injections are carried out in order to adapt, during the operation of the internal combustion engine, the injection parameters used for the control of the injection processes. For this purpose, during the test injections, an electric machine which is coupled to the internal combustion engine generates negative torque impulses in a manner synchronized with the positive torque impulses generated by the test injections, which negative torque impulses counteract the torque impulses generated by the test injections. In this way, rotational speed oscillations generated by the test injections are eliminated. Also described is an internal combustion engine of said type.
|FUEL INJECTION METHOD AND COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH EARLY PRE-INJECTION - A fuel injection method in an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine for performing the fuel injection method. The method includes heating fuel to a temperature between 300° F. and 840° F. (150 and 450° C.); pressurizing the fuel to a pressure exceeding 40 bar; pre-injecting at least 10% of the fuel charge as a pre-injected fuel during the intake stroke; injecting a fuel charge over at least part of the compression stroke into the cylinder; and injecting an ignition-injection of at least 10% of the fuel in a supercritical condition during the compression stroke at a rotational angle between 90° BTDCF and TDCF into the cylinder. The method and related combustion engine create a good mix of premix combustion and diffusion combustion increasing efficiency and consequently reducing emissions to the environment while also keeping noise and vibrations low.
|PORT INJECTION SYSTEM FOR GASEOUS FUELS - A port injection system for gaseous fuels may include an injector body defining a hydraulic fluid inlet chamber, a hydraulic fluid exit passageway, a hydraulic fluid actuation passageway, a check valve inlet passageway fluidly connected with the hydraulic fluid actuation passageway, a valve chamber, and a gaseous fuel inlet chamber. An electrical solenoid actuator may be mounted to the injector body, with the electrical solenoid actuator including a movable armature, and a poppet valve connected to the movable armature and disposed within the valve chamber. The poppet valve may be movable between a pressurized hydraulic fluid flow blocking position and a pressurized hydraulic fluid flow passing position. A check valve may be disposed within the check valve inlet passageway. A gas admission valve may be disposed at least partially within the gaseous fuel inlet chamber and in contact with the check valve such that movement of the check valve by hydraulic fluid entering the check valve inlet passageway results in actuation of the gas admission valve away from a normally closed position closing off the gaseous fuel inlet chamber to a fuel injection position wherein gaseous fuel is allowed to flow from the gaseous fuel inlet chamber into an intake manifold or intake port of an engine on which the injector body is mounted.
|Leaschauer Engine - Disclosed herein is a novel ICE termed the Leaschauer Engine (LE). The Leaschauer Engine (LE) is a single or multiple step compression cycle ICE machine, employing the Pressure/Heat Detonation Principle (Diesel Principle). The Leaschauer Engine differs significantly from a conventional ICE machine by its ability to employ extreme combustion pressure to achieve high combustion efficiency operation without risking a pre-detonation condition.
|FUEL INJECTION VALVE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A fuel injection valve includes a solenoid device which generates a magnetic sucking force; a core provided inside the solenoid device; a movable valve element composed of an armature coming into contact with the core, a pipe section whose one end is joined to the armature, and a valve section joined to the other end of the pipe section, the valve element being suctioned against a spring during energization of the solenoid device; and a valve seat unit having a valve seat to or from which the valve element is mounted or removed by the magnetic sucking force generated from the solenoid device and pressing force of the spring. The armature, the valve section, and the pipe section of the valve element are integrally configured by molding with resin, the armature and the valve section being joined by the pipe section.
|Crawler Construction Machine - In a crawler construction machine including an engine and a fuel adjustment dial that adjusts a speed of the engine according to operation loads of the working equipment, the fuel adjustment dial is a rotary notchless dial that is continuously variably adjustable. The crawler construction machine includes: an adjustment position detector that detects a rotation adjustment position of the fuel adjustment dial; an engine controller that is connected to the adjustment position detector and controls the speed of the engine based on an adjustment position of the fuel adjustment dial; and a display device that is connected to the engine controller and displays on a screen a percentage value of the adjustment position of the fuel adjustment dial in which the maximum rotation position of the fuel adjustment dial is defined as 100%.
|FUEL INJECTOR WITH AN IMPROVED CONTROL VALVE - The invention relates to a fuel injector (
|ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM HAVING A VARIABLE ORIFICE - A control system for an engine is disclosed. The control system may have a first gaseous-fuel injector configured to inject gaseous fuel into a first intake passage associated with at least a first cylinder and a second gaseous-fuel injector configured to inject gaseous fuel into a second intake passage associated with at least a second cylinder. The control system may also have a variable orifice disposed within the second intake passage upstream of the first gaseous fuel injector. The control system may additionally have a sensor configured to provide a signal indicative of a performance parameter of the engine and a controller electronically connected to the variable orifice and the sensor. The controller may be configured to move the variable orifice to adjust a ratio of air-to-fuel in the first and second intake passages based on the signal.
|REVERSE OPERATING NONLINEAR SPRING - The present invention provides an apparatus for enabling operation of a piezoelectric actuator, comprising a spring configured to provide a compressive force to a piezoelectric element of a piezoelectric actuator, wherein the compressive force varies with displacement of the piezoelectric element such that the compressive force is less at a first displacement than at a second displacement, and wherein the first displacement is greater than the second displacement.
|Fuel injector actuator assemblies and associated methods of use and manufacture - The present disclosure is directed to integrated injector/igniters providing efficient injection, ignition, and complete combustion of various types of fuels. One example of such an injectors/igniter can include a body having a base portion opposite a nozzle portion. The base portion receives the fuel into the body and the nozzle portion can be positioned adjacent to the combustion chamber. The injector further includes a valve carried by the nozzle portion that is movable between a closed position and an open position to inject the fuel into the combustion chamber. An actuator is coupled the valve and extends longitudinally through the body towards the base portion, and a driver is carried by the body and is movable between a first position and a second position. In the first position the driver does not move the actuator and in the second position the driver moves the actuator to move the valve to the open position.
|Injector Valve with Miniscule Actuator Displacement - An injector comprising one or more piezoelectric driving stacks wherein a flow control member of the injector is driven directly by the one or more piezoelectric stacks without additional amplification means or interposing elements while a flow area of the nozzle is variably adjustable to deliver controlled flow rates in a desired flow profile to improve engine performance and reduce emissions. The injector is configured to support required flow rates with minimal linear movement of the flow control member. The injector and drive electronics are configured to deliver higher frequency operation and response with increased operational stability due to minimal response lag.
|Piezoelectric Actuator with a Sheathing Composed of a Composite Material - A piezoelectric actuator for flowing-around media, with a piezo element arranged between two end caps. The piezo element is surrounded by a ring-shaped sheathing connected to the end caps. The sheathing consists, at least in portions, of a composite material with at least two layers, at least one layer consisting of a metallic material and at least one layer consisting of a polymer.
|FUEL INJECTOR PROVIDED WITH A METERING SERVOVALVE OF A BALANCED TYPE FOR AN INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE - A fuel injector has an injector body and a control rod, which is movable in the injector body along an axis for controlling opening/closing of a nozzle that injects fuel in an engine cylinder; the injector body houses a metering servovalve, provided with a control chamber and with an open/close element of a balanced type, axial sliding of which causes a variation in pressure in the control chamber; the metering servovalve comprises a valve body made of two pieces coaxially coupled to one another via a deformable ring, which defines also a gasket for guaranteeing fluid tightness between the two pieces and maintains in a fixed position a disk on which a calibrated restriction is made.
|FUEL INJECTOR - A fuel injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines is described. The fuel injector includes an electromagnetic actuating element having a magnetic coil, a core and a valve jacket as the outer magnetic circuit component and a movable valve-closure member which interacts with a valve-seat surface assigned to a valve-seat member. The core and a connecting tube in an inner opening of a thin-walled valve sleeve and the valve jacket on the outer circumference of the valve sleeve are firmly connected to the valve sleeve by pressing them therein/thereon. The fixed press connection between two of these metallic components of the fuel injector is characterized in that at least one of the component partners has a structure including grooves in its press area and/or the particular press area has an inlet rounding in at least one transition to an adjacent component section.
|Method for operating an injector - A method is described for operating an injector, in particular an injector of an injection system of an internal combustion engine, the injector including a piezoelectric actuator that is connected to a valve needle via a coupling element, an electric voltage being applied to the piezoelectric actuator, resulting in an increase and/or decrease in the length of the piezoelectric actuator, a holding voltage being applied to the piezoelectric actuator when the injector is closed. The voltage of the piezoelectric actuator is brought to the holding voltage by a recharge sequence.
|FUEL INJECTION VALVE - A sub out-orifice and an in-orifice are respectively formed in a low pressure passage and a high pressure passage of a fixed plate. A control valve is provided at an outlet port of the low pressure passage. In a normal control, the control valve starts its control-valve opening operation when a movable plate is in contact with the fixed plate. In an interval-shortening control, the control valve starts the control-valve opening operation at an earlier timing than that in the normal control, namely during a course in which a valve body is still in its valve-body closing operation.
|INTAKE SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - The present invention provides an intake system of an internal combustion engine. A plasma actuator is provided in a region which is on an inner wall surface of an intake passage and to which fuel injected from a fuel injection valve adheres. The plasma actuator is disposed so as to generate an airflow in a predetermined direction not including a component in a direction toward a downstream side of the intake passage at the time of its operation. A control unit is configured to control the plasma actuator so as to actuate the plasma actuator in at least a part of a period from start of fuel injection by the fuel injection valve to start of valve opening of an intake valve.
|FUEL INJECTION DEVICE - A fuel injection device for smooth discharge of a gas accumulated therein comprising a fuel pump, a solenoid valve for injecting pressurized fuel into the intake passage of an engine, a high-pressure fuel passage extending from the fuel pump to the solenoid valve and has a medially positioned constant-pressure chamber, and a fuel return passage connected to a fuel return pipe, with the fuel return passage extending from the constant-pressure chamber and having a medially positioned priming pump. The constant-pressure chamber is configured with the top wall in the upper space thereof disposed above the opening of the high-pressure fuel passage opposite the solenoid valve, the fuel return passage opens into the upper space at a position above the opening of the high-pressure fuel passage, and the gas accumulating in the constant-pressure chamber is discharged from the upper space toward the fuel tank via the fuel return passage.
|PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR MODULE WITH A PROTECTIVE LAYER SYSTEM, AND A METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION - A piezoelectric actuator module is proposed having one or a plurality of piezoelectric actuators which is or are clamped in between an actuator head and an actuator base. According to the invention, at least the piezoelectric actuator is provided with a protection layer system. Provision is made of at least one surrounding element for tightly fixing the protection layer system to the actuator head, to the actuator base and/or to the piezoelectric actuator. The at least one surrounding element is composed of a material having a shape memory and can be pressed onto the protection layer system after a mounting-dictated expansion.
|METHOD OF POLING FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS - A method of poling a ferroelectric sample suitable for use in a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine, the method comprising providing a ferroelectric sample having a stack of ferroelectric layers, wherein adjacent layers are separated by internal electrodes, forming a first group and a second group of electrodes; applying a multiaxial pressure to the ferroelectric sample; reducing the bonding strength between each pair of adjacent ferroelectric layers and internal electrodes; and generating a first electric field between the first and second group of electrodes to pole each ferroelectric layer in a first poling direction.
|Self-guided armature in single pole solenoid actuator assembly and fuel injector using same - A self-guided armature assembly for a single pole solenoid assembly includes an armature stem and an armature. The solenoid assembly includes a flux ring component and an actuator body. The armature is movable inside the flux ring. An axial air gap is defined between the top armature surface of the armature and a bottom stator surface of a stator assembly. A sliding air gap is defined between an inner diameter surface of the flux ring and an outer diameter surface of the armature. The self-guided armature is guided along the flux ring via a guiding interaction between the armature and the flux ring. The sliding air gap is smaller than the axial air gap. A stem clearance gap is defined between the armature stem and the actuator body. The sliding air gap is also smaller than the stem clearance gap.
|NOZZLE ASSEMBLY A FUEL INJECTOR AND AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE COMPRISING SUCH AN INJECTOR - This nozzle assembly (
|CONTROL DEVICE FOR IN-CYLINDER INJECTION TYPE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Provided with a control device for an in-cylinder injection type internal combustion engine that reduces an amount of fuel attaching to and remaining on a piston crown surface and a cylinder bore wall surface so as to suppress an increase in the number of exhaust particles of PM when fuel injection is performed a plurality of times in one burning cycle. In divided multi-stage injection in which the fuel to be injected in one burning cycle is divided into a plurality of times, an injection amount rate of injection at an early timing among injections divided into the plurality of times is set according to a fuel cut continuous time at a timing when the fuel injection is resumed from a fuel cut state.
|FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS WITH ENHANCED THRUST - Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for injecting a fuel using Lorentz forces. In one aspect, a method to inject a fuel includes distributing a fuel between electrodes configured at a port of a chamber, generating an ion current of ionized fuel particles by applying an electric field between the electrodes to ionize at least some of the fuel, and producing a Lorentz force to accelerate the ionized fuel particles into the chamber. In some implementations of the method, the accelerated ionized fuel particles into the chamber initiate a combustion process with oxidant compounds present in the chamber. In some implementations, the method further comprises applying an electric potential on an antenna electrode interfaced at the port to induce a corona discharge into the chamber, in which the corona discharge ignites the ionized fuel particles within the chamber.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DEFINING PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR WAVEFORM - A system and method for defining a signal for driving a piezoelectric actuator, comprising defining a wave profile corresponding to a voltage waveform of a signal for actuating a piezoelectric actuator; modifying the wave profile such that an operational profile of the piezoelectric actuator is adjusted; and providing the signal to the piezoelectric actuator to operate the piezoelectric actuator.
|LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE CERAMIC HAVING TEXTURING, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THE CERAMIC, AND USE OF THE CERAMIC - A lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic has texturing, with textured nuclei containing barium-titanate crystallites, wherein the barium-titanate crystallites have a substantially equal crystal characteristic, including form anisotropy, and an orientation in the lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic. A method for the production of a PZT ceramic has the following steps: a) providing the barium-titanate crystallite, b) mixing the barium-titanate crystallite and a starting material of the lead-zirconate-titanate into a ceramic green body such that the barium-titanate crystallites in the green body have an orientation, and c) heat-treating the green body. The heat treatment has calcination and sintering of the piezo-ceramic composition. The barium-titanate crystallites are used in a "template grain growth process" as crystallization nuclei. The piezo-ceramic component is, for example, an ultrasonic transducer or a piezo-ceramic bender actuator. In particular, the piezo-ceramic component is a multilayer piezo actuator, which is used to actuate a fuel valve of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
|FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE AND FUEL INJECTION VALVE, AND FUEL INJECTION CONTROL SYSTEM USING THE SAME - Needles include a cylindrical outer needle that is brought into contact with and moved away from a nozzle body (
|CONTROL APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a fuel injection valve having a nozzle body that includes a fuel receiving part provided at a downstream side of a seat part with which a seat contact part comes into contact, and a plurality of nozzle holes. The control apparatus executes one or a plurality of small injections during one cycle in addition to main injection. Further, the control apparatus increases fuel injection amount of a first small injection at the current cycle at the time of low load operation while decreases the fuel injection amount of the first small injection at the time of high load operation, when post injection has not been executed in the last cycle and the small injection is executed first at the current cycle in a case in which a variation in the learned value for fuel injection amount is present.
|FUEL SUPPLY DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A temperature reduction control for reducing the temperature of an injector is performed through first to third fuel supply control routines executed by an electronic control device. When the temperature of the injector is reduced by the execution of the temperature reduction control, heat transfer to the vicinity of the nozzle of the injector is reduced. Since the vicinity of the nozzle of the injector is less likely to be placed in a high-temperature environment by in accordance with reduction in heat transfer to the vicinity of the nozzle of the injector, the formation of deposit around the nozzle of the injector is suppressed.
|Upper guide system for solenoid actuated fuel injectors - An upper guide system for a solenoid actuated fuel injector of an internal combustion engine includes an armature and a guide ring having a cylindrical shape and surrounding the armature and positioning the armature in a radial direction. The location of the upper guide system is substantially in the same axial location as the radial magnetic forces imposed on the armature. Features such as flutes or grooves are disposed on an outer diameter surface of the armature and/or holes through a body portion of the armature. Accordingly, the response performance of the solenoid actuated fuel injector is improved.
|INJECTION TIMING MANAGEMENT IN DUAL FUEL ENGINE SYSTEM - A fuel injection timing management system for a dual fuel engine is configured to determine a first diesel injection timing corresponding to a first mode of operation of the engine system and a second diesel injection timing corresponding to a second mode of operation. Further, determine a direction of change in a mode of operation of the engine system, and selectively perform a change in the diesel injection timing from the first diesel injection timing to the second diesel injection timing at a first rate of transition or a second rate of transition, based on the direction of change in a mode of operation of the engine system.
|Dual Fuel Injector With F, A And Z Orifice Control - A dual fuel injector utilizes first and second control valves to open and close first and second nozzle outlet sets to inject a first fuel and a second fuel, respectively. The first and second fuels may be natural gas and liquid diesel, respectively. Control over liquid and diesel fuel injection events includes control lines that include F, A and Z orifices.
|Method and Control Unit for Controlling an Internal Combustion Engine - A method and a control unit are disclosed for controlling a single-cylinder or multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine having at least one fuel injector per cylinder, at least one camshaft for actuating inlet valves and/or outlet valves, and having a control unit which controls the fuel injectors in such a way that they inject in each case one fuel pre-injection per cylinder during a starting phase of the internal combustion engine. In order to make an improved pre-injection strategy possible during the starting phase, according to the invention at least one cylinder pressure signal which is supplied by a cylinder pressure sensor for measuring the pressure in a cylinder is evaluated with regard to interference signals, and the evaluation result is taken into consideration at least during the starting phase in a determination of the camshaft angle.
|INJECTION VALVE - An injection valve (
|Fuel injector having integral body guide and nozzle case for pressure containment - A fuel injector includes a body piece that defines a nozzle supply passage and a chamber in fluid communication therewith and configured to contain a fluid pressure within the fuel injector. The body piece has a threaded segment and a second, unthreaded segment that includes an outer surface of the fuel injector. A tip piece is clamped via a clamping piece to the body piece to form a fluid seal therewith, and a needle check extends within the body piece and the tip piece. The body piece is configured to contain fluid pressures, for example up to and exceeding 200 MPa, and has a wall thickness between the chamber and the unthreaded segment that is linked to a fluid pressure of fuel passing through the chamber. The fuel injector is configured via integrating portions of a nozzle case and a body guide to contain the extremely high fuel pressures.
|Diesel Gaseous Fuel Supplementation System and Method - A system and process for supplementing diesel engine diesel fuel supply with gaseous fuel that employs a sensor system, a control module, and an adjustment system to detect impending pre-detonation fluctuations and adjust the operational settings in order to maintain operation in non-pre-detonation mode.
|Apparatus for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine - In an apparatus for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, including an injection nozzle (
|Barrier Coatings for a Piezoelectric Device - Provided are barrier coatings and methods for applying barrier coatings to piezoelectric actuators that are intended for use in automotive fuel injectors. The barrier coatings are characterised by the presence of at least one organic layer, and additionally metal and/or non-metallic inorganic layers. The barrier coatings described show advantage in resisting permeation by liquid fuel, water and other contaminants.
|METHOD FOR CONTROLLING CATALYTIC CONVERTER HEATING MEASURES IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE HAVING TWO INJECTORS PER CYLINDER - An injection system for an internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber is provided, the wall of the combustion chamber having a first inlet port, which is closable by a first inlet valve, and a second inlet port, which is closable by a second inlet valve, the injection system including a first injector for metered injection of fuel into the area of the first inlet port, a second injector for metered injection of fuel into the area of the second inlet port, a catalytic converter unit, and a heating device for rapidly heating the catalytic converter unit.
|CONTROL DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - An internal combustion engine has an ignition promotion unit that has a function of promoting ignition of fuel sprays formed by the small quantity injections by supplying the fuel sprays with electric energy. The engine is provided with a control device which has a combustion control unit that carries out processing of causing the fuel injection valve to perform the plurality of times of small quantity injections so that fuel sprays formed by the first-time small quantity injection from among the plurality of times of small quantity injections are connected with one another by the fuel sprays formed by the subsequent small quantity injections from among the plurality of times of small quantity injections.
|Piezoelectric Actuator - A piezoelectric actuator arrangement (
|FUEL INJECTOR - A fuel injector includes an excitable actuator in the form of an electromagnetic circuit having a magnetic coil, an outer magnetic circuit component and a movable armature for actuating a valve-closure member, which interacts with a valve seat provided on a valve seat body. The outer cup-shaped magnetic circuit component has a component bottom. On the side opposite the component bottom, a disk-shaped cover part is inserted into the outer magnetic circuit component. The coil space for the magnetic coil is bounded by the outer magnetic circuit component, the cover part and a thin-walled sleeve element.
|Multi-Layer Piezoelectric Element, And Injection Device And Fuel Injection System Using The Same - Provided is a highly durable multi-layer piezoelectric element wherein an external electrode has less possibilities of being peeled off from a side face of a stacked body even when the element is continuously driven for a long period of time in a high electrical field under high pressure. In a multi-layer piezoelectric element (
|METHOD OF OPERATING ENGINE - A method of operating an engine is disclosed. The method includes estimating an operational status of a cryogenic pump selectively driven by the engine. The cryogenic pump is configured to pressurize a liquefied gaseous fuel. The method also includes estimating a power requirement of the cryogenic pump. The method further includes determining whether the engine is operating on a lug curve. Moreover, the method includes providing additional fuel to the engine in order to increase an engine power beyond the lug curve prior to an operation of the cryogenic pump. The increase in engine power is at least equal to the power requirement of the cryogenic pump.
|FUEL INJECTOR WITH BALANCED METERING SERVOVALVE FOR AN INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE - The injector comprises a balanced metering servovalve for controlling a rod for opening/closing a nebulizer. The servovalve has a valve body having a control chamber provided with an outlet passage that is opened/closed by an axially mobile open/close element. The open/close element is made of a single piece with a bushing separate from an armature plate of an electromagnet. The bushing is coupled to a stem in an axially slidable way for closing an exhaust duct in communication with the outlet passage The open/close element is kept in a closed position by a spring that acts upon the bushing through an intermediate body connected thereto. The armature plate can be displaced with respect to the bushing between a flange of the intermediate body and a shoulder of the bushing, for eliminating the rebounds of the open/close element upon closing of the servovalve.
|Device for Controlling Fuel Injection Valve - An object of the invention is to reduce an injection quantity of minimum by reducing difference in machines of fuel injection valves and difference in injection quantities of fuel injection valves caused by difference in characteristics. A fuel injection valve drive unit includes a unit that individually sets drive current waveform profiles according to cylinders, and includes a unit that individually sets drive current waveform profiles of the fuel injection valves on the basis of identification information based on injection quantity characteristics of the fuel injection valves.
|ENGINE START CONTROL SYSTEM - In the process of starting by a recoil starter, a maximum value detection section of an ECM detects a maximum value of pressure (basic atmospheric pressure) in an intake pipe detected by a pressure sensor, within a predetermined range of crank angle after activation of the ECM. An idling control unit gives feedback control on an ISC valve based on engine speed detected by an engine speed sensor, to thereby keep idling engine speed at a specified value. A correction unit corrects a basic atmospheric pressure detected by the maximum value detection section based on the duty ratio of the ISC valve in idling, and uses the result as the atmospheric pressure. A storage unit
|GAS FUEL PRESSURE CONTROL DEVICE - A regulator is provided with a first pressure reducing valve, a second pressure reducing valve, and a load adjusting part. A gas fuel pressure in a fuel tank is reduced to 1.4 MPa from 20 MPa by the first pressure reducing valve, and then reduced to 0.2 to 0.65 MPa by the second pressure reducing valve. In the second pressure reducing valve, the pressure of the gas fuel is reduced to 0.2 to 0.65 MPa from 1.4 MPa, so that the resistive force of a second O-ring for sealing a first middle-pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber can be made smaller. A sliding resistance between a needle and the second O-ring is reduced. An electromagnetic attracting force generated by the load adjusting part can be made smaller. Electricity consumed by the load adjusting part can be reduced and the regulator can be made smaller.
|STACKED PIEZOELECTRIC DEVICE - A stacked piezoelectric device
|FUEL SYSTEM WITH PRIORITY VALVE - A method for operating a fuel system for an internal combustion engine during engine start, is disclosed. The fuel system includes a fuel supply system in fluid communication with a fuel delivery system and a cooling circuit. The cooling circuit is configured to transfer heat from the fuel delivery system. The method includes provision of fuel to the fuel delivery system and isolation of the fuel from the cooling circuit. Thereafter, a pressure between the fuel supply system and the fuel delivery system is sensed. Determination is carried out when the pressure is greater than a predetermined threshold fuel pressure. Subsequently, based on the determined pressure, fuel to the cooling circuit is provided.
|INTEGRATED FUEL INJECTOR IGNITERS HAVING FORCE GENERATING ASSEMBLIES FOR INJECTING AND IGNITING FUEL AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF USE AND MANUFACTURE - Embodiments of injectors configured for adaptively injecting and igniting various fuels in a combustion chamber are disclosed herein. An injector according to one embodiment includes an end portion configured to be positioned adjacent to a combustion chamber, and an ignition feature carried by the end portion and configured to generate an ignition event. The injector also includes a force generator assembly and a movable valve. The force generator assembly includes a first force generator separate from a second force generator. The first force generator creates a motive force to move the valve between the closed and open positions into the combustion chamber. The second force generator is electrically coupled to the ignition feature and provides voltage to the ignition feature to at least partially generate the ignition event.
|Dual Check Fuel Injector And Fuel System Using Same - A fuel injector includes a first check valve member that seats on an injector body, and a second check valve member that seats on the first check valve member covers a first nozzle outlet set when in a closed position. When the first check valve member moves to an open position, gaseous fuel is injected through both a first nozzle outlet set and a second nozzle outlet set. When the second check valve member moves to an open position, liquid fuel moves through a through passage defined by the first check valve member to facilitate injection of the second nozzle outlet set. The first and second check valve members may be controlled by first and second control valves, respectively.
|FUEL INJECTOR - A fuel injector includes a nozzle body with a nozzle bore, a first valve needle received within the nozzle bore and being engageable with a first seat region to control fuel delivery through a first set of nozzle outlets, and a second valve needle received within a valve bore provided in the first valve needle and being engageable with a second seat region arranged to control fuel delivery through a second set of nozzle outlets. A control chamber for fuel is provided between the first valve needle and the second valve needle, wherein movement of the first valve needle is responsive to fuel pressure in the control chamber, and wherein movement of the second valve needle is mechanically coupled to an armature of the first actuator arrangement. A second actuator arrangement to controls movement of the first valve needle by controlling fuel flow into the control chamber.
|FLUID INJECTOR HAVING A NOVEL INLET VALVE ARRANGEMENT - With reference to FIG.
|FUEL INJECTION VALVE - A fuel injection valve includes a valve element movably disposed to a valve seat member having a valve seat and formed with an opening located at a downstream side thereof. A swirl imparting chamber is formed to impart a swirl force to fuel within the swirl imparting chamber by turning fuel. An injection hole is opened to the bottom of swirl imparting chamber to inject fuel to outside. Additionally, a communication passage is formed to connect the swirl imparting chamber with the opening of the valve seat member. In this fuel injection valve, the swirl imparting chamber and the communication passage are formed to satisfy the following equation:
|FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND CONTROL METHOD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A fuel injection system for an engine, the fuel injection system includes injectors and an electronic control unit. The injectors include needle valves; and the ECU is configured to: (i) execute partial lift injection and full lift injection with the injectors, the partial lift injection being injection during which the needle valve does not reach a fully-open state and the full lift injection being injection during which the needle valve reaches the fully-open state; (ii) operate the engine in a partial lift injection region where the injection of a required injection amount of a fuel is shared by the partial lift injection and the full lift injection; and (iii) perform the amount of correction of the required injection amount with respect to the injection amount shared by the full lift injection when the required injection amount is corrected while the engine is operated in the partial lift injection region.
|ELECTROMAGNETIC FUEL INJECTION VALVE - Provided is an electromagnetic fuel injection valve capable of reducing fuel injection amount fluctuations by flattening chromium-coated impact surfaces of a movable core that impact with a stationary core or a valve plug.
|Method and Control Unit for Operating a Valve - In a method for operating a valve, e.g., a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle which is activated with the aid of an actuator, the actuator is activated using a control variable which has a predetermined control period. The control period is formed as a function of a setpoint value for a closing delay time of the valve which characterizes a time difference between an end of the control period and a closing point in time of the valve.
|GAS COMBUSTION TYPE DRIVING TOOL - A gas combustion type driving tool is provided with a combustion portion; a fuel container for containing a fuel; an electromagnetic valve device for injecting the fuel into the combustion portion; and a grip portion. A distance from the fuel container to the combustion portion is set substantially equal to or less than a distance from the electromagnetic valve device (
|Fuel Injection Device - In a fuel injection device, a driving unit structure has a magnetic aperture, in which an inner diameter is gradually enlarged toward the mover side, provided in an inner peripheral surface of the magnetic core. It is possible to reduce magnetic delay time upon valve opening from the supply of the electric current to the coil to the rise of magnetic flux and magnetic delay time upon valve closing from the stoppage of the electric current to the coil to reduction of magnetic flux, by providing a magnetic aperture in the inner peripheral surface of the magnetic core. Thus it is possible to improve the dynamic responsiveness upon valve opening and valve closing.
|FUEL INJECTION DEVICE - [Object] To allow smooth discharge of a gas accumulated in a fuel injection device for injecting/supplying fuel to an engine intake passage.
|FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A fuel injection valve (
|FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM AND FUEL SUPPLY METHOD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine includes a heat exchanger that has a heat exchanging wall between a liquefied fuel passage and an engine coolant passage. Heated and vaporized fuel flowing out from the liquefied fuel passage of the heat exchanger is supplied to the internal combustion engine. A flow rate of liquefied fuel supplied to the liquefied fuel passage of the heat exchanger is set. A flow rate of engine coolant supplied to the engine coolant passage of the heat exchanger is determined on the basis of a temperature of the engine coolant supplied to the engine coolant passage of the heat exchanger such that nucleate boiling or transition boiling of the liquefied fuel in the set flow rate occurs near a boundary between nucleate boiling and transition boiling in the liquefied fuel passage.
|Injection valve
|CONTROL DEVICE AND METHOD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - It is an object of the invention to provide an at of realizing good combustion by lowering a combustion critical temperature below a temperature of intake air sucked into a cylinder, in the case where a first fuel that is difficult to ignite and a second fuel that is easy to ignite are supplied into the cylinder. The invention is a control device for an internal combustion engine that includes a control unit that supplies a first fuel that is difficult to ignite and a second fuel that is easy to ignite into a cylinder, and burns the first fuel that is difficult to ignite as well by igniting the second fuel that is easy to ignite, wherein the control unit carries out at least one of a reduction in a supply amount of the first fuel that is difficult to ignite and an increase in a supply amount of the second fuel that is easy to ignite, if a temperature of intake air sucked into the cylinder falls below a combustion critical temperature.
|Method For Determining The Opening And/Or Closing Time Of The Nozzle Needle Of An Injection Valve - A method is provided for determining the opening and/or closing time of the nozzle pin in an injection valve in an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders. The nozzle pin is directly driven by a piezo actuator. The piezo voltage and/or the piezo charge at the respective piezo actuator functioning as a sensor is measured for the corresponding injection pulse in a plurality of cylinders of the internal combustion engine, and the median value of the measured voltage and/or charge values of the piezo actuators for the plurality of cylinders for the corresponding injection pulse is calculated. The obtained median value is then used as a replacement value for determining the opening and/or closing time in case of non-detectability or disruption of the needle opening and/or needle closing information.
|INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - An internal combustion engine has at least one combustion chamber which may be closed by an intake valve, at least one air intake port which leads to the intake valve, and a fuel injection device which in association with the at least one combustion chamber has a first injector and a second injector for the metered injection of fuel into at least one intake port. To achieve significantly improved mixture preparation and combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber, the two injectors are configured such that the first injector injects a widely divergent spray cone having a large cone angle, and the second injector injects an only slightly divergent spray cone having a much smaller cone angle.
|Electromagnetic Fuel Injection Valve Device - An electromagnetic fuel injection valve device for an internal combustion engine is configured to carry out an energization to an electromagnetic coil of an injection valve actuator for a valve opening motion and additionally carry out a mid-term energization at a time interval between both an energization for valve opening of a previous fuel injection and an energization for valve opening of a subsequent fuel injection. A current of the mid-term energization is smaller than a current of the energization for valve opening motion and has the same direction as a direction of the current of the energization for valve opening motion.
|Control system using pulse density modulation - A method for modified pulsed control of an electromechanical actuator in accordance with the invention comprising the steps of a) setting a common time length for all of the pulses in a pulse train, and b) varying (modulating) the number of such pulses per unit time (repetition rate) by varying the length of time between pulses in the train. Such control is defined herein as pulse-density modulation, or PDM. Especially in applications having a relatively low percent duty cycle if controlled by the prior art Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), PDM control results in more accurate control of an actuator, with higher resolution. The method is especially useful in controlling flow of a fluid, through a valve, such as a fuel injector, and especially at relatively low flow rates at high supply pressures P
|Engine and control valve assembly having reduced variability in operation over time - A control valve assembly includes a one-piece valve movable between a first position at which the valve closes a seat defined by a housing and positioned fluidly between a fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet, and a second position at which the valve is out of contact with the seat. The valve includes an outer diameter having an annular seating shoulder located thereon which is configured to contact a frustoconical surface of the seat when the valve is at the first position, and the annular seating shoulder is further configured to deform in response to contacting the frustonical surface without changing a seating diameter associated therewith. Closing the seat with the annular seating shoulder reduces performance variability of the valve over time.
|ENGINE FUELING CONTROL DURING CYLINDER VALVE MODE TRANSITIONS - A method of control fueling of a cylinder in an internal combustion engine, the cylinder having at least two intake valves, the method comprising of operating in a first mode with one active intake valve and one inactive intake valve during a cycle of the cylinder operating in a second mode with two active intake valves during a cycle of the cylinder and adjusting a fuel injection from an injector configured to deliver fuel through at least the two intake valves, where the fuel injection adjustment is responsive to a transition in modes and based on whether the transition is from the first mode to the second mode, or from the second mode to the first mode.
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MAXIMUM CYLINDER PRESSURE IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - An Engine Control Module includes an electronic controller for controlling the position of an EGR valve, the timing of opening and closing of the engine combustion valves, and the timing of the individual cylinder fuel injectors of an engine. Each engine cylinder includes a pressure sensor. Peak cylinder pressure is sent to the ECM during each firing cycle. The ECM is programmed with required maximum percentages of EGR and optimal combustion valve timing for each engine operating condition, and sets the EGR valve and/or the camshaft phaser accordingly to adjust combustion in all the engine cylinders. The ECM also compares the measured peak pressure for each cylinder and adjusts the timing of fuel injection for the next firing cycle to trim the measured peak pressure in each cylinder to a predetermined level at or below the maximum allowable peak firing pressure for the engine.
|Apparatus for the Transmission of a Deflection of an Actuator - An apparatus for the transmission of a deflection of an actuator, in particular of a piezoelectric actuator of an injection valve, comprises at least one first lever device which has a first transmission element which transmits the deflection of the actuator. In this case, there is provision for at least one first spring element to be provided for guiding or mounting the first transmission element.
|Piezoceramic Multilayer Actuator, Method for Producing a Piezoceramic Multilayer Actuator, and Inujection System - A piezoceramic multilayer actuator has at least one outer electrode which can expand and provides at least two current paths between a supply potential connecting area of the outer electrode and a respective inner electrode, with which the outer electrode makes contact, of a piezo-stack of the multilayer actuator.
|Control method for closed loop operation with adaptive wave form of an engine fuel injector oil or fuel control valve - A method and system controls motion of an armature
|Piezo intensifier fuel injector and engine using same - A common rail fuel injection system includes a piezo intensifier fuel injector that includes a plurality of components. Among these are a needle valve member, an intensifier piston, a first piezo stack electrical actuator and a second piezo stack electrical actuator. These components have a first configuration at which the needle valve member blocks a nozzle outlet of the fuel injector, and a shoulder of the intensifier piston is exposed to fluid pressure in a common rail. The components have a second configuration at which the nozzle outlet is fluidly connected to the common rail for a low pressure injection event. The components have a third configuration at which the nozzle outlet is fluidly blocked from the common rail, but movement of the intensifier displaces fluid through the nozzle outlet for a high pressure injection event.
|Injector - An injector includes an actuator arranged in an actuator space, a piston guide having a bore hole, and a piston arranged in the bore hole. The piston has a first end face facing the actuator and delimiting a first space in and/or on the bore hole, and a second end face lying opposite the first space and delimiting an adjoining second space in and/or on the bore hole. The piston is arranged between the first and second spaces, and a gap extends around the circumference of the piston between the piston and the bore hole. The piston includes a first material and the piston guide includes a second material, the first and second materials having different thermal expansion properties such that when the piston guide and/or piston are heated, the gap width of the gap decreases to limit fuel leakage between the first space and second spaces.
Patent applications in class Electrically actuated injector
Patent applications in all subclasses Electrically actuated injector


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Legal Studies
Law is pervasive in all aspects of business and life. It is part of the mission of the Legal Studies Department to provide students the ability to recognize the influence of the law, understand its application and make informed and intelligent decisions regarding the course of action to take
LeBow's Legal Studies coursework emphasizes critical thinking as a tool for problem solving so students will be able to identify and prevent possible problems and make the tough decisions necessary for business to prosper.
Events, Seminars and Dissertations
Join us for answers to your last-minute college questions and a sneak peek at Gerri C. LeBow Hall (GHall).
Gerri C. LeBow Hall
DiPiero Grand Meeting Room and Rose Terrace
3220 Market StreetPhiladelphia, PA 19104


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Way back in the early 80's, when I was just a dumb kid into what all the other dumb kids were into in the Midwest then, namely metal like Kiss and Judas Priest, this album was my first introduction to something that was truly subversive, something that really challenged what I thought of as music. This almost should have been number 1, as it was the first time I really listened to something that shook up my Rush and AC/DC filled world.
I first heard this was the summer I was 13 I think, which would be 1982. I am not even sure I liked it at first. It was sort of like the metal I was used to, but it was so fast and that Jello guy had a weird voice. But as I listened to it again and again it clicked in my head. The music was fascinating in a way that what I was used to listening to was not. And the lyrics where indeed subversive and political. It was an interesting time then. It was a time of Reagan and Thatcher dole queues the Moral Majority and the world was seemingly going a little crazy. In this just spat in the face of all that. It was exhilarating in a way, and it was probably the first time I really thought of things in a political way.
Jello Biafra became a bit of a touchstone for me at that time, in high school. I remember buying Frankenchrist (that was the one with the poster in it called Penis Landscape painted by H.R. Giger, the poster that got them tried in court for obscenity) in the best record shop Des Moines ever had, Vinyl Fetish. Remember record shops? You can say what you want about the 80's but that was a marvelous time to discover music, no matter what you listened to.
I played that song on the radio at my high school's radio station. I recall having no idea whether it was licensed or not or whether I was even legally allowed to play it. I didn't care. My little salute to Dead Kennedys and the punk ethic.


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Work has now started on upgrading the Clydesdale Bank branch in Inverurie.
The improvements are part of a £45 million investment programme by the Bank to upgrade facilities to meet changing customer needs. The programme includes a UK-wide programme of branch relocations and refits plus improved and new mobile and internet banking services.
The branch on West High Street is undergoing a redesign and the upgraded layout will feature new counter positions as well as open plan meeting areas, customer waiting areas and private meeting rooms.
Steve Fletcher, Director, Retail Banking, said: "We recognise that the needs of customers are changing and our investment programme is focused on creating branches that deliver new services to meet the requirements of local communities."
You are here: Media Relations > News Archive > 2015
You can find impartial information and guidance on money matters on the "Money advice service" website.
Clydesdale Bank is covered by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS), Find out more.


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Spring Color Palettes
Though the charm of Virginia Beach lingers year-round, along with spring comes an additional burst of beauty in our Beach City. Sand pushes up on the dunes, grass returns to its natural green, and the greenery begins to boast their loveliest buds. We can't help but be captivated by this city when it comes to life in the spring and now, with wedding season in full bloom, we're pulling inspiration from last spring's Lesner Inn weddings! If you're wedding day is right around the rose bush, check out these color palettes for inspiration!


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College of Graduate Studies
Master of Science in Biomedical Sciences
|Student Videos
The Master of Science in Biomedical Sciences (MSBS) is aresearch-intensive degree program requiring completion of an independent laboratory research project under the direction of a faculty advisor in a student's chosen field, a written thesis, and an oral thesis defense. Students choose one of seven tracks as their field of concentration:
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology
- Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
- Microbiology and Immunology
- Neurosciences
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology
Stipend support is not available from the College of Graduate Studies for MS students. Federal financial aid, including work study is available for eligible students
For more information about the program and admissions, please see our handbook, or contact:
Dr. Laura Kasman, PhD
Director, MS in Biomedical Sciences Program
MSBS 2017 Handbook (pdf)
Click here to apply to MS in Biomedical Science.
Hai Yao, Ph.D.


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The machines
Make it easy
Everything is easier with Sasso.
The machines are designed to automate and speed up production process.
The experienced assistance team is quick to resolve any technical issues.
From the worry-free guarantee to the value of experience, in the choice of the right product for you .
To facilitate your work and make your life easier, Sasso is always by your side.


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Brisco, Bowler and Socrates attend a convention of bounty hunters, where
the guests soon start being murdered, one by one.
This storyline is clearly a take off on one of my favorite Agatha Chritie novels and a
spiffy movie The Ten Little Indians and the countless spin offs of it. Its a mystery
in the classic sense, complete with an old hotel, thunderstorms, and secrete passages. A
good who-done-it!
Brisco Almost Kisses the Baby By:


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Welcome to August everyone! This month I'm looking for a couple of "runners". No I don't mean marathoners I mean men and women who have goals and are willing to RUN for it! Are you: 1.? a single parent who … Continue reading
August 2, 2015
by Tracie
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Home Staging
1. Look at what the professionals have to say:
2. Go to www.mls.ca and search a variety of homes for sale in your area.
Choose 5 homes and look at the pictures provided. Based on what the experts say, what would you change about specific rooms in the houses being offered for sale? Give at least 2 things for 3 rooms in each house.
You will hand in:
A MS Word document that has each picture and your advice next to it. 5 homes, 3 rooms each = 15 different items to write about. Try to choose 3 different types of homes (Condo, townhome, home, mansion, etc)


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Sowing a brand's wild seeds all over the web
I happened to see this bizarre TVC last night. It had a son (type of person) clinging on to his dad (type of person), wherever the dad went. Even loo. It ended with something to do with Lenovo PCs being the ones that dads approve, for their son. Totally weird, but that's not the point of this post…it's an ad… Read more →


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UNIQLO – This way to Utopia
UNIQLO has re-launched their global flagship store at 311 Oxford Street, London, with This Way to Utopia, a celebration of the vibrant London scene, as well as their ambition for the store to become a cultural hub through partnerships with the Tate Modern Museum and NTS Radio. The renovated store re-opened on Friday 18 March.
London has held a special position in UNIQLO's global expansion plans ever since the company opened its first store in the UK, and indeed overseas, in 2001. The opening of the London global flagship store followed in 2007 at the same 311 Oxford Street premises, offering the largest UNIQLO sales floor space in the world, at the time.
Commenting on the re-launch of the global flagship store, John C Jay, Fast Retailing President of Global Creative, said: "London is one of the most diverse cities in the world and a true creative and cultural utopia.
"At UNIQLO, we believe 'utopia' is more than just a place; it is a means for self-expression, through design, creativity and cultural diversity. We wish to celebrate the special connection we feel with London, which was after all our first overseas market almost fifteen years ago, and believe that our new campaign, called This Way to Utopia, and campaign ambassadors showcase this in the best way possible."
This Way to Utopia was conceived and produced by Faster Horses, a creative partnership founded by award-winning creative directors Sam Walker and Joe De Souza, shot by legendary photographer Rankin and includes a roadblock TV advertisement and Oxford Street takeover.
Sam Walker of Faster Horses said: "It's exciting to work on a great brand that's not afraid to keep moving, evolving and challenging perceptions."
At the forefront of the campaign are six cultural ambassadors, chosen by UNIQLO because they reflect the creativity, positivity and diversity of London in 2016:
- Hana Tajima is a UK born fashion designer and blogger. Inspired by her Japanese roots and English upbringing, Hana mixed her modern, personal style of modest fashion with UNIQLO's LifeWear concept to create a collaboration line that has launched in Southeast Asia and the US and will now be introduced in the UK for the first time.
- Skepta is a rapper, songwriter and producer and one of the most prominent artists in the UK grime scene, currently making an impact globally with his Boy Better Know label, which Grammy award-winning rapper Drake joined last month.
- Munroe Bergdorf is a transgender model, activist and DJ, who also works in fashion and is involved in raising awareness of transgender issues.
- Benji B is an influential DJ and record producer. He is known for his late night BBC Radio 1 show and for creating the station's most downloaded podcast. He also runs and DJs at the Deviation Sessions club night in London and has produced for Kanye West.
- Sean Frank is a respected filmmaker and visual artist working with fashion brands and musicians, as well as on personal projects.
- Cate Underwood is a successful London-based photographer and model and winner of the Bazaar Fashion Forward award 2010.
A TV advertisement aired on 13 March on Channel 4 during the drama 'Indian Summer' and took up a full two and a half minute time slot. The advertisement featured a series of dancers, choreographed by Got to Dance winner Lukas McFarlane, in unexpected London locations and included amazing stunt and wire-work. The film was sound tracked by Konstantin Sibold titled 'Madeleine.'
The renovated global flagship store will house new collections from Liberty London, which is being sold at 311 Oxford Street on 18 March ahead of other UNIQLO stores around the world as a celebration of London's culture. The UNIQLO X Hana Tajima collection will be available for the first time in the UK exclusively at 311 Oxford Street, and the last UNIQLO and Lemaire collaboration line will go on sale from the date of the flagship launch in stores across London.
In addition to becoming an official sponsor of the Tate Modern's relaunch weekend in June, UNIQLO will sponsor a new event at the museum called 'UNIQLO Fridays,' which are a series of late night events at the Tate on the first Friday of every month starting in October. At the same time, the Tate Modern will be curating quarterly events in 311 Oxford Street.
UNIQLO will also host monthly events in partnership with East London based internet radio station NTS, including a summer barbecue on the rooftop of its store.
Shopfront Services (Southern) Ltd
Set up by father & son more than thirty years ago, family-run company, Shopfront Services (Southern) Ltd, specialise in all aspects of fit-out works for the retail industry. Services are extensive and range from the installation of shopfronts (including aluminium and cladding), curtain walling, structural glazing, AP assemblies, doors, shutters and glass floor panels, to balustrades, hand rails, office & fire screens, curved & decorative glass, and more.
Ashley Gosbee is the director of Shopfront Services (Southern) Ltd. Ashley has been running Shopfront Services Southern since 2008.
Over the years, Shopfront Services (Southern) Ltd have worked on many prestigious projects, including Monsoon flagship store Oxford Street London for ISG; 02 Newcastle for Paragon Group; Itsu Neal Street Covent Garden for Oakley Interiors; Rocket Fuel Bow Lane London for the Interiors Group; and various Pret A Mangers & Sainsbury's Locals amongst other.
Most recently, Shopfront Services (Southern) Ltd has been involved with Uniqlo London. Working on this project, Shopfront Services was responsible for work across five floors of the building.
On the ground floor, Shopfront Services (Southern) Ltd installed a full-height mirrored stainless steel automatic double door at the main entrance; three full-height external glass & aluminium powder coated shopfronts; internal AP glass assemblies; structural sandblasted glass floor panels; full height escalator atrium glass; and three glass balustrades. On the first floor the company installed seven full-height internal AP glass assemblies; brushed stainless steel floor panels & edge trims; acrylic light floor & ceiling trays; and full-height escalator atrium glass.
Moving onto the second, third and fourth floors, Shopfront Services (Southern) Ltd continued their work on the escalator atrium glass, installed fire exit doors and associated works.
Commenting about the project, Wendy Prout, Shopfront Services (Southern) Ltd, said:
"At Shopfront Services (Southern) Ltd, we strive for customer's complete satisfaction and there is no better opportunity to showcase our works than at Uniqlo's Flagship store."


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Located on a quiet CUL DE SAC street next to Capilano Regional Park in a very friendly neighbourhood. Great layout plan with the kitchen, eating area and family room opening onto an outside patio. Vaulted ceiling in the living room and a spacious entrance hall. This house is in a solid condition with many upgrades in the kitchen, bathrooms and exterior. Walking distance to Capilano Golf and Country Club, Suspension Bridge and forest Park. Westcot Elementary, Sentinel Secondary, and Collingwood Private School are nearby.
Taxes (2017): $4,524.75


text: After the devestation of the March 2011 Earthquake in Japan, I wanted to find a way to give back without just sending over money for disaster relief. I asked a local skateboard shop if they would donate 20 blank skateboard decks to my cause. I gave those blank decks to 20 Bay Area artists, graphic designers, and fashion designers and asked them to use it as their canvas with the theme simply being, 'Helping Japan'. After a month of work, I gathered all of the skateboard decks together in a gallery, and auctioned them off along with other donated goods from Bay Area shops (Kid Robot, Incase, Peasents & Travelers). 100% of the money raised went directly to a non-profit called Direct Relief International who at the time was solely focused on helping the affected people of Japan.


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We want to you have a great experience, so we put together this information to help. If it doesn't answer your question, send us a message.
I need help, what should I do?
Send us an email to support at raceontexas.com or through the contact us page. While we use Facebook daily, our support team is on email 24/7. We monitor email during live events, not Facebook.
I have an on demand subscription and would like to update my billing information or cancel, how do I do that?
Log in to the website, click billing in the very top right of page. You can always email our team for assistance at support at raceontexas.com
I have an on demand subscription, does this include live events too?
No, on demand subscriptions do not include live events.
If I buy a live event, can I watch it later?
Yes, when you purchase a live event, your account has access to a 14 day trial to our on demand section. After this you will be billed $9.99 monthly for an on demand subscription. You can cancel anytime or contact us before the 14 day trial has expired and we will cancel your subscription.
What happens when a live event rains out?
We follow the same rules as the race promoter. If they call it a show, so do we. We will provide full refunds if the show is canceled. If a show is rescheduled, your purchase will be honored for the new date.
Can I share my login so another person can watch a live event or on demand videos?
Our website security only allows for your login to be used by one computer or phone at a time.
When will videos be uploaded to on demand?
We upload as quickly as we can. Please give us 12-48 hours following the completion of the event to upload the videos.
How do I know if my race is in your on demand section?
We upload every lap of every race we film. If you aren't sure if we filmed an event, please send us a message.
I don't want to sign up for on demand, but want a DVD, is this possible?
Absolutely. We sell DVD's of all the races we film. Simply check out at on the DVD page and include the detailed information. We usually ship within 5 business days. Shipping is free!
How can I speak with someone directly?
We would love to talk with you over the phone. Please email us or use our contact us form and someone will call you.


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|Apache Wiki <wikidi...@apache.org>
|[Hadoop Wiki] Update of "Distributions and Commercial Support" by QwertyManiac
|Thu, 28 Jun 2012 12:59:38 GMT
Dear Wiki user, You have subscribed to a wiki page or wiki category on "Hadoop Wiki" for change notification. The "Distributions and Commercial Support" page has been changed by QwertyManiac: http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/Distributions%20and%20Commercial%20Support?action=diff&rev1=51&rev2=52 Comment: Updating Talend per Oliver's mail * Provides consulting services around Apache Hadoop and Apache HBase, along with large-scale search using Apache Lucene, Apache Solr, and Elastic Search. * Runs the popular [[http://search-hadoop.com/|search-hadoop.com]] search service. - * [[http://www.talend.com/|Talend]] - The Open Source Integration Company + * [[http://talend.com|Talend]] - The Open Source Integration Company - * [[http://www.talend.com/products-data-integration/talend-integration-suite-mpx.php|Talend Integration Suite MPx]] includes support for Apache Hadoop's distributed file system (HDFS) that provides high throughput access to application data. - * Supports Apache Hive for data summarization and ad-hoc querying. + * [[http://www.talend.com/products-big-data/|Talend Platform for Big Data]] includes support and management tools for all the major Apache Hadoop distributions. + * [[http://www.talend.com/products-big-data/open-studio-bd.php|Talend Open Studio for Big Data]] is an Apache License Eclipse IDE, that provides a set of graphical components for HDFS, HBase, Pig, Sqoop and Hive. A configuration of a big data connection is represented graphically and the underlying code is automatically generated and then can be deployed as a service, executable or stand-alone job. * [[http://thinkbiganalytics.com|Think Big Analytics]] - Flexible Data Solution Services * Think Big Analytics offers expert consulting services specializing in Apache Hadoop, MapReduce and related data processing architectures.
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Using Stem Cells to Advance Lung Therapy and Cures
Most chronic diseases normally lead to desperation as most victims and their family members are always in dire need of some treatment or cure. Lung complications are no different. Now thanks to the emerging medical technology such as stem cells therapy for lungs there is new hope for these victims.
What are stem cells?
Stem cells are the essential building blocks of life in any organism. Normally these cells have the capability to form into any type of tissue within the body. Note adult stem cells are homogeneous in nature. This means, the cells from one body part can convert their function to another tissue type through a process known as plasticity.
The stem cell therapy process
Ideally, the adult stem cell can be derived from a number of different cells within the body however; they are commonly harvested from the patient's bone marrows or blood. Once the stem cells have been harvested from the patient, they are separated and returned back to the patient intravenously.
Normally, any substance be it medication, stem cells or blood whenever introduced in the body, they go straight to the right side of the heart. With a heartbeat or two, these substances are pushed to the lungs, then with the help of blood vessels they are distributed throughout the body. This however is different when it comes to stem cell therapy. According to different research when it comes to treating lung disease, stem cells go through this process; however, they are trapped when they get to the lungs. This process is known as pulmonary trap. The trapped stem cell regenerate; hence, slowing down the effect of lung disease and improving the patient's quality of life.
The Lung Institute at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas, has been an institution dedicated to stem cell therapy. Through its multidisciplinary team, that includes specialists from medical oncology, surgery, radiation oncology, pulmonary medicine and radiology you are guaranteed nothing short of quality.
When considering undergoing stem cells therapy for your lung disease, expect more than quality treatment. The institution understands and appreciates the high cost associated with this alternative treatment procedure and is willing and able to accommodate alternative financing options such as crowd funding sites, social media donations among others. Chronic lung disease can be quite the burden; however, thanks to the Lung Institute and stem cell therapy you are a have a shot good health once again. Read the patients testimonials on lunginstitute.com.
Lung social media pages:


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Opera Max has been the rising star in Opera's portfolio. The service offered a system-wide data-saving proxy that funnelled all app data through Opera's servers to compress images and videos. Initially, opening a web page required users to calculate the amount of data that they would spend. Smartphones have been always data hungry and people tried all sorts of ways to save the smallest KiloBytes of data. It is this where Opera's data saving app came to the rescue. Opera developed some clever algorithms and used in their Opera Max…Read More
Tag: Mobile
Explore the latest threats to your mobile device security
It is common knowledge that mobile devices are integral to both our personal and business lives. With cyberattacks against individuals, businesses, and government entities increasing in frequency and sophistication, it is no surprise that mobile devices are now considered by threat actors to be one of the weakest links in the IT infrastructure of most enterprises. A decade ago, mobile malware was considered a new and unlikely threat. Many mobile device users even considered themselves immune from such threats. Currently, more than 1.5 million new incidents of mobile malware have…Read More
Microsoft just officially listed AI as one of its top priorities
Microsoft just named artificial intelligence as one of its top priorities in a financial filing. The annual report for the company's 2017 fiscal year, which ended on June 30, now includes six references to AI, up from zero in the previous annual report. And the company has plunked AI into its corporate vision statement, too. "Our strategic vision is to compete and grow by building best-in-class platforms and productivity services for an intelligent cloud and an intelligent edge infused with AI," the company wrote in the annual report, which was…Read More
#SheTechsAfrica: Miss.Africa Seed Fund Announces its 2016/17 Prize Winners
Closing the global digital gender divide is a pressing concern. Women are yet to reach their full potential as participants in all aspects of society. Closing this digital gender gap can help empower women and girls to actively participate in governance as civil society members and political leaders. The Miss.Africa digital Program, a Pan-African trust program of DotConnectAfrica (DCA) , is aimed in attracting more young girls and women to the Internet platform to enable them form a sizable demographic of Internet users in Africa, thereby involving them in complementary…Read More
Report: Smartphone owners use 9 apps per day
Mobile's continued global growth is evident when looking at market-level data. In 2016, smartphone users downloaded over 90 billion apps on the iOS App Store and Google Play, and they spent nearly 900 billion hours in apps. Now a report shows that smartphone users are spending more time in apps than in years past, and now access over 30 apps on a monthly basis. At first, news that users are accessing nearly 10 apps daily sounds like a notable increase from a report from a couple of years ago, which had…Read More
New Screen Protectors For Samsung Galaxy S8 Launched
Tech Armor, the leading screen protector and mobile accessory brand, today launched a new screen protection line for the newly released Samsung Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S8 Plus. With its curved edges, the 3D Curved Ballistic Glass Screen Protector for Samsung Galaxy S8 perfectly matches the rounded shape of the Galaxy S8 to cover the full front display for complete edge-to-edge coverage. The Tech Armor HD FlexiClear Film Screen Protector for Samsung Galaxy S8, a more cost-effective solution, offers edge-to-edge protection as well as flexible shock absorption. To align with…Read More
Apple Music on Android catches up with iOS
Apple's subscription streaming service, Apple Music, rolled out a major (ver. 2.0) release to Android users today, introducing a new design that largely brings the app to parity with its iOS counterpart. The update includes a visual makeover, which organizes content into a few main sections – Library, For You, Browse, and Radio – as on iOS. However, it's clear that Apple Music for Android is not a priority for Apple, despite its seeming intentions to compete with rival services like Spotify or the now on-demand Pandora, for instance. In…Read More
Nokia Owns The Alcatel Brand Till 2024
Ever since Nokia acquired Alcatel-Lucent back in 2015, the situation about the "Alcatel" brand remained unclear, at least for the end users. Back in 2004, Alcatel and Chinese electronics manufacturer TCL Communication created a joint venture for the production of Alcatel-branded mobile phones. In less than a year after founding, TCL Communication purchased Alcatel's stake and became the sole owner of the newly founded company, But what happened with the Alcatel brand? Who actually owns it? The Alcatel brand was licensed by Alcatel-Lucent to TCL for mobile phones and devices and this license expires at the…Read More
Apple's 10th anniversary iPhone could cost over $1,000
Apple is expected to debut an ultra high-end version of the iPhone alongside its next scheduled update to mark its 10 years of metal and glass slabs. According to a report from Fast Company, Tim Cook and company will likely roll out three new phones this year: the incremental iPhone 7S in the 4.7-inch and 5.5-inch sizes, as well as a slightly larger, even more expensive 5.8-inch iPhone 8 with an edgeless OLED display and a few completely new features. To really play up the 10th anniversary bit, Apple may…Read More
Facebook 's New Feature; Discover People, Helps users get social
Facebook has always made it easy to find friends you already have in real life who are on the social network. To enable users connect with new users, Facebook is rolling out a new feature called "Discover People," which aims to leverage local events to connect like-minded strangers in person. Before using the feature, Facebook prompts users to update their profiles, but doesn't change your privacy settings, so you're still apt to get only a limited snapshot of potential pals as you scroll through Facebook's lists. The company confirmed to…Read More


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Zoning and Regulatory Services administers the County's zoning, shoreland, floodplain, private sewage system, airport, subdivision, nonmetallic mining and other ordinances. These ordinances are administered and enforced county wide except for comprehensive zoning which must be approved by the towns before becoming effective.
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Copyright: Marathon County, Wisconsin
- 2018


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Supporting Harsher Penalties Against Environmental Polluters
Posted by Councilmember Englander on March 29, 2016 at 1:32 PM
On Tuesday, I submitted a resolution to support California State Assembly Bill 2756 (Thurmond and Williams) which, if passed, will enhance Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR) authority to ensure that penalties levied on oil and gas companies reflect the severity of the violation.
State regulators have issued a $75,000 civil penalty order to The Termo Company for illegally venting natural gas in the Aliso Canyon field. DOGGR levied $25,000 penalties for each of three violations, noting that not only did the gas venting appear to be intentional, but also that the operator tried to hide it. Last week, DOGGR issued a $75,000 civil penalty order to The Termo Company of Long Beach for illegally venting natural gas in the Aliso Canyon field.
Current law caps the penalty amount the Division can assess at $25,000 per violation. AB 2756 will allow DOGGR to impose stricter financial penalties that reflect the impact these violations have on our environment and communities.
Additionally the bill includes provisions to allow up to half of penalty revenue to be spent on environmentally beneficial projects in impacted communities and authorizes DOGGR to immediately shut-in injection projects that pose a risk to groundwater. This will strengthen DOGGR's investigative authorities to collect information about proposed and ongoing oil and gas projects, and secure witness testimony during investigative hearings.
Click here to view full motion.
-Mitchell Englander, Councilmember Twelfth District
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Mudman #3
- Story by
- Paul Grist
- Art by
- Paul Grist
- Colors by
- Bill Crabtree
- Cover by
- Paul Grist
- Publisher
- Image Comics
"Mudman" by writer/artist Paul Grist is a welcome addition to the crowded superhero comics field, and what it's getting right easily makes up for what's not quite working yet.
On the whole, Grist has a great little superhero story in "Mudman" — an unconventional teenage hero whose trials and tribulations hit all the well-worn beats of any good superhero tale. The execution is not particularly inventive or new, but it's solid and almost refreshing in its simplicity. At the same time, I worry that its simplicity is its undoing. There's nothing as yet that makes "Mudman" a book you absolutely must get the next issue of the second it hits stands. The story is nice, the art is lovely, the writing is strong, it's a good comic; but there's nothing that demands I read the next issue and its future feels uncertain. The stakes are not high enough three issues in for a reader to feel fully connected and compelled by the book.
All that said, this issue improves the series dramatically by Craig bringing his best friend Owen into the fold and sharing his superhero secret. The reveal is done almost nonchalantly and is all the better for it, marking the chemistry between the two friends as the absolute best thing the book has going for it. Craig and Owen together have a naturalness and a sense of humor that's wholly enjoyable and the more of this we can get in the book, the better. Meanwhile, the larger mysteries surrounding the abandoned mansion, the mud, Mudman's origins, ghosts, past battles and a mysterious woman are just too large at this point to be clear in what they mean or how important they'll be to the narrative.
Grist's art with a lovely understated color palette from Bill Crabtree is completely enjoyable. It's highly stylized, but it's a style that works well for the character and tone of the story Grist is telling. All the characters are well designed and Craig/Mudman is especially strong visually. Like all the best comics from a sole writer/artist creator, Grist's words and visuals feel in blissful sync. "Mudman," unlike so many superhero comics these days, has lots of white space and breathing room and it's a nice change of pace that helps set it apart and define it as something distinctive.
"Mudman" is traditional mainstream superhero comics done with an independent bent, and it's what makes the book interesting and clever, but the stakes still need to be raised considerably in order to bring "Mudman" to a must-read level.