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Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute of 1857–60
A territorial dispute between Ecuador and Peru took place between 1857 and 1860. The dispute began when Ecuador attempted to sell Amazon basin land claimed by Peru in order to settle a debt with British creditors. When diplomatic relations between the two countries broke down, prior to the fragmentation of the Ecuadorian government into several competing factions, the Peruvian government ordered a blockade of Ecuador's ports in order to force the cancellation of the sale, and the official acknowledgement of Peruvian ownership of the disputed territories. By late 1859, control of Ecuador was consolidated between General Guillermo Franco, in the city of Guayaquil, and a provisional government in Quito headed by Gabriel García Moreno. Peruvian President Ramón Castilla sailed to Guayaquil with several thousand soldiers in October 1859, and negotiated the Treaty of Mapasingue with General Franco in January 1860. The signing of the treaty indicated Ecuadorian compliance with all of Peru's demands, and temporarily marked the end of the territorial dispute between the two countries. However, in September 1860, the forces of the provisional government, commanded by García Moreno and General Juan José Flores defeated Franco's government at the Battle of Guayaquil, ending the civil war in Ecuador. The new government disavowed the Treaty of Mapasingue, followed shortly afterwards by its Peruvian counterpart; this re-opened the territorial dispute.
The dispute is sometimes referred to as the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War of 1859, due to the temporary occupation of Ecuadorian territory by Castilla's forces upon arriving in Guayaquil. No fighting took place between the troops of the two countries within the duration of the dispute, although a detachment of Peruvian forces pledged by Castilla in the Treaty of Mapasingue was involved in the later Battle of Guayaquil.
- 1 Events
- 2 Aftermath
- 3 Notes
- 4 References
- 5 Further reading
Ecuadorian debt situation[edit]
During its war of independence from Spain, the government of Gran Colombia had incurred a number of debts to private European creditors. Its three daughter states: Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador, split the debts amongst themselves. In 1837, Ecuador assumed responsibility for 21.5 percent[1] of the debt.[2] In the 1850s, a committee of holders of Latin American bonds organized itself and sent several representatives to Ecuador to arrange settlement of the debt.[1] On September 21, 1957, George S. Pritchett, representing the Ecuadorian Land Company, Ltd.[3] signed a treaty with Ecuadorian Minister of Finance Don Francisco de Paula Icaza, that gave the creditors rights to several territories in Esmeraldas; several more on the shores of the Zamora river; one million quarter sections in the canton of Canelos; as well as 410,200 quarter sections near the Cañar river: a total of 2,610,200 quarter sections, at a value of £566,900.[1][4] Ecuadorian sovereignty over the lands would be preserved, but all activities carried out there would be tax-exempt for a period of 15 years.[1] This was not the first time that the Ecuadorian government had previously attempted to settle debts by transferring title over part of its territory.[2]
Peruvian protest against land deal[edit]
Among the lands transferred by the Icaza–Pritchett treaty were several territories whose ownership was disputed with neighboring Peru. Because of the poor geographical knowledge of the area at the time, colonial-era administrations were separated by borders defined with little accuracy via a multitude of Real Cédulas (royal decrees issued by the Spanish Crown). These haphazard territorial definitions led to a number of border disputes among new South American nations. The ownership of the northern half of what is now the Loreto Region in Peru was a major point of contention between the two countries; up to that point, relations between the neighbors had alternated between friendly and nonexistent. On November 11, 1857, Peruvian Resident Minister to Ecuador Juan Celestino Cavero protested the signing of the Icaza–Pritchett treaty in a letter to Antonio Mata, the Ecuadorian Minister of Foreign Relations. Cavero had been appointed only three months before;[5] he had arrived in Quito tasked among other things with seeking to resolve the territorial dispute.[6] Now, he called for the treaty to be declared void: the territories in Canelos being sold off belonged to Peru, based on the boundary laid out by the Real Cédula of 1802 (a decree ordering the transfer of territories from the Real Audiencia de Quito to the Viceroyalty of Peru[7]). He also noted the posture of uti possidetis adopted by Peru in 1810, as well as the general acts of jurisdiction and possession that Peru had long carried out in the disputed territories.[4][8]
Mata replied to Cavero on November 30, arguing that Ecuador had full rights to the territories, reaffirming Ecuador's view that the Real Cédula of 1802 did not transfer territorial rights to the Viceroyalty of Peru, rendering the claim of uti possidetis de jure void.[9] According to one source, Mata argued that the Real Cédula of 1802 did not constitute a real Spanish law, because it was never authorized by the Viceroy of Santa Fe, meaning that ownership of territories according to Spanish law remained as it was prior to 1802.[8] Peru continued to stand by its position of uti possidetis of 1810, and brought its case before the governments of the United States and Great Britain, which distanced themselves from the dispute.[4]
1858: Peru retaliates[edit]
A "paper war" of diplomatic correspondence between the two countries went on between April and August 1858. On July 29, Mata requested that Cavero be expelled based on the behavior exhibited in the execution of his functions as minister. On July 30, Cavero wrote to the Chancery of Lima, detailing what he considered multiple transgressions carried out by the Ecuadorian government and press against Peru's honor.[10] That same day, the Chancery of Quito notified Cavero that relations between Peru and Ecuador were again severed;[11] he was then expelled from the country.[12][13] While the Peruvian view is that Cavero was justified in any means necessary to achieve the repatriation of the territories, his tactics have been called tactless and belligerent by later scholars, and were contrary to his instructions from Lima and detrimental to his goals.[2]
In a law enacted on October 26, 1858, the Peruvian Congress authorized President Ramón Castilla to command an army against Ecuador if necessary to secure the national territory against its sale to the British creditors.[14] A blockade of Ecuador's ports was ordered.[2][11][15] On November 1, 1858, the first Peruvian ship, the naval frigate BAP Amazonas, arrived in Ecuadorian waters;[11] the blockade began in earnest on November 4, and was presided over by Rear Admiral Ignacio Mariátegui.[16]
Early 1859: Leadership struggles in Ecuador[edit]
By 1859, known in Ecuadorian history books as the "Terrible Year", the country was poised on the brink of a leadership crisis. President Francisco Robles, faced with the threat of the Peruvian blockade, moved the national capital to Guayaquil, and charged General José María Urbina with defending it.[17] In the wake of this unpopular move, a series of opposition movements, championed by regional caudillos, were formed.[18] On May 1, a conservative triumvirate, integrated by Dr. Gabriel García Moreno, Pacífico Chiriboga and Jerónimo Carrión (Robles' vice president) formed the Provisional Government of Quito.[17][19] On May 6, Carrión separated himself from the triumvirate, and formed a short-lived government in the city of Cuenca; he was deposed the next day by forces loyal to Robles.[17]
General Urvina promptly set out for Quito to subdue García Moreno and his movement. The Provisional Government was no match for Urvina, and fell in June. García Moreno fled to Peru, where he requested the support of President Castilla; the Peruvian leader supplied him with weapons and ammunition to subvert the Robles regime. Believing that he had the support of the Peruvians, in July García Moreno addressed a manifesto—published in a July edition of the Peruvian newspaper El Comercio—to his countrymen, instructing them to accept Peru as their ally against Robles, despite the territorial dispute and blockading actions. Shortly afterwards, García Moreno traveled to Guayaquil, where he met with General Guillermo Franco, General Commander of the District of Guayas and third in the Urvinista caudillo hierarchy, after Urvina and Robles. García Moreno proposed that they disavow Robles' government and declare free elections. Franco agreed to help García Moreno,[17] though he himself also aspired to the presidency of the republic.[20]
August–September 1859: Ecuadorian situation worsens[edit]
On August 31, 1859, Castilla betrayed his commitment to García Moreno, and came to an agreement with Franco that resulted in the end of the blockade against the port of Guayaquil.[21] Several weeks later, the Mosquera-Zelaya Protocol, the result of the secret agreement between Peru and Cauca to take control of Ecuador, was signed in Popayán.[17]
When he received word of Franco's allegiance with Castilla, Robles disavowed their treaty, and moved the capital, this time to Riobamba, where he handed over leadership of the government to Jerónimo Carrión. He and Urvina would leave the country for good within a fortnight. Meanwhile, Rafael Carvajal, a member of the defeated Provisional Government, invaded Ecuador from the border to the north; within the month, Carvajal had reestablished the Provisional Government in Quito.[17] Finally, on September 17, Guillermo Franco declared himself Supreme Chief of Guayas;[22] however, Babahoyo, Vinces and Daule sided with the Provisional Government. On September 18, an assembly in Loja named Manuel Carrión Pinzano military and civil chief of the province; the following day, Carrión Pinzano called a new assembly that established a Federal Government presiding over Loja, El Oro and Zamora.[17][23] On September 26, Cuenca affirmed its allegiance to the Provisional Government.
With the domestic situation at its most tumultuous, and the Peruvian blockade of the rest of the Ecuadorian coast nearing the end of its first year in place, Castilla sought to take advantage of the circumstances to impose a favorable border settlement.[24] On September 20, Castilla wrote to Quito to declare his support for the Provisional Government; ten days later, he sailed from Callao, leading an invasion force.[17] While stopped over in the port of Paita, in Peru, Castilla proposed to the Ecuadorians that they form a sole government with which they could negotiate an agreement to end the blockade and the territorial dispute.[17]
October 1859[edit]
- —Gabriel García Moreno, writing to Ramón Castilla[17]
You sir, are nothing but a village diplomat, who does not understand the duties of a president, obligated by the demands of the position he occupies to give audience to all those who request it.
- —Ramón Castilla responding to García Moreno[17]
Castilla and his forces arrived in Guayaquil on October 4; the next day, he met with Franco aboard the Peruvian steamer Tumbes.[21] Castilla simultaneously sent word to García Moreno that he wished to meet with him as well.[17] García Moreno set out for Guayaquil days later; on October 14, he arrived in Paita aboard the Peruvian ship Sachaca. When García Moreno became aware that an agent of Franco's was also traveling aboard the ship, he became furious, and broke off the possibility of discussions with Castilla.
November–December 1859[edit]
Castilla reverted to negotiations solely with Franco's regime in Guayaquil; after several meetings, an initial deal was struck on November 8, 1859.[21] Castilla ordered his troops, 5,000 strong,[24] to disembark on Ecuadorian territory; the Peruvians set up camp at the hacienda of Mapasingue, near Guayaquil. Castilla did this to guarantee that Ecuador would fulfill its promises.[25]
In Loja, Manuel Carrión Pinzano proposed that the four governments vying for control of Ecuador select a representative to negotiate a settlement with Castilla. On November 13, Cuenca was forced to recognize Guillermo Franco's government in Guayaquil;[why?] Franco thus became Supreme Chief of Guayaquil and Cuenca. The next day, Franco and Castilla met again aboard the Peruvian ship Amazonas, and made arrangements for a definitive peace treaty.[21] Carrión Pinzano's suggestion was not agreed upon until November 19, when dealings began between the governments of Quito, Guayas-Azuay and Loja, who agreed to delegate to Franco the task of negotiating with Peru, except on the matter of territorial sovereignty. According to the agreement signed between the governments, "the government of Guayaquil and Cuenca may not pledge to annex, cede or assign to any government any part of the Ecuadorian territory under any pretext or name."[17] Franco, however, had been negotiation exactly such matters with Castilla; a preliminary convention regarding the territorial situation was signed between Franco and Castilla on December 4, for the purpose of releasing Guayaquil from occupation and re-establishing peace.[26]
García Moreno soon became aware of the treasonous pact agreed upon by Franco and Castilla. In an unsuccessful attempt to seek a powerful ally, García Moreno sent a series of secret[27] letters to the chargé d'affaires of France, Emile Trinité, on December 7, 15 and 21; in them, he proposed that Ecuador become a protectorate of the European country. Fortunately for his cause, the agreement between Franco and Castilla had the effect of uniting the disparate governments of Ecuador against their new common enemy; El Traidor, the traitor Franco, who had betrayed them by dealing with the Peruvians on their terms.[17]
1860: Treaty of Mapasingue[edit]
On January 7, 1860, the Peruvian army made preparations to return home;[21] eighteen days later, on January 25, Castilla and Franco signed the Treaty of 1860, better known as the Treaty of Mapasingue, after the hacienda where the Peruvian troops were quartered.[28] The treaty had as its object the resolution of the pending territorial debate. In its first article, it affirmed that relations would be re-established between the two countries. The matter of the borders was established in articles 5, 6 and 7, where the Icaza-Pritchett treaty was declared null, accepted Peru's position of uti possidetis, and allowed Ecuador two years to substantiate its ownership of Quijos and Canelos, after which time Peru's rights over the territories would become absolute if no evidence was presented.[29] This constituted acknowledgement of the Real Cédula of 1802, which Ecuador had previously rejected.[30]
At the time, a domestic upheaval against Castilla's government was brewing in Peru.[31] Castilla promised Franco that he would back him as head of the "general government" of Ecuador,[17] and supplied his forces with boots, uniforms, and 3,000 rifles.[32] Castilla sailed for Peru on February 10, arriving in Lima bearing the Treaty of Mapasingue as a victory prize. His efforts to take Ecuador's territory for Peru would prove fruitless; in September 1860, Guillermo Franco's government fell to the Provisional Government of Quito's forces, led by García Moreno and General Juan José Flores, at the Battle of Guayaquil,[31] paving the way for the reunification of the country under the Provisional Government. The Treaty of Mapasingue was nullified by the Ecuadorian Congress in 1861, and later by the Peruvian Congress in 1863 during the government of Miguel de San Román, on the grounds that Ecuador did not possess a centralized government when it entered into the treaty, and that General Franco was merely the head of a party or faction,[33] as well as the fact that the new Ecuadorian government had disapproved the treaty.[34] The Congress determined that the two countries should return to the status of casus belli of 1858.[35] The long dispute thus produced no favorable result for Peru, and the ongoing territorial dispute between the two countries remained unresolved.
- ^ a b c d Elías Murguía & Nieto Vélez, p.492
- ^ a b c d St John, p.59
- ^ In some sources, Pritchett is referred to as chargé d'affaires of Britain, suggesting that the British government was somehow involved; according to Elías Murguía & Nieto Vélez (p. 492), the British Crown had no part in the territorial dealings; the committee was a private corporation, not public entity.
- ^ a b c Paredes; Van Dyke, p.255
- ^ St John, p.58
- ^ Elías Murguía & Nieto Vélez, p. 489
- ^ Holguín Arias, p.50
- ^ a b Elías Murguía & Nieto Vélez, p. 493
- ^ Herz; Nogueira, p.26
- ^ Elías Murguía & Nieto Vélez, p. 496
- ^ a b c Naranjo, p. 145
- ^ Holguín Arias, p.51; "Due to the bad behavior of Cavero against the government he was expelled..."
- ^ St John, p.59: "...eventually, he was withdrawn at the request of the Ecuadorian government."
- ^ Elías Murguía & Nieto Vélez, p. 500
- ^ According to Wiesse (p.217), Castilla attributed inordinate importance to the Ecuadorian transgressions, hoping to distract the country from his fight against the liberal conspirators who sought to depose him; he had betrayed them by changing his allegiance to the moderates after reaching office.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Simón Espinosa Cordero. "Los Gobiernos de la Crisis de 1859-1860". Edufuturo. Retrieved 2010-03-02.
- ^ Avilés Pino; Hoyos Galarza, p. 60
- ^ Efrén Avilés Pino. "GUAYAQUIL, Batalla de". Enciclopedia del Ecuador. Archived from the original on 2011-07-10. Retrieved 2010-03-01.
- ^ Efren Aviles Pino. "FRANCO, Gral. Guillermo". Enciclopedia del Ecuador. Archived from the original on 2011-07-10. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
- ^ a b c d e Naranjo, p.146
- ^ According to Avilés Pino, Franco declared himself Supreme Chief of Guayaquil and Cuenca on the 6th day of September, rather than the 17th
- ^ According to Avilés Pino, the declaration of Supreme Chiefhood came on the 17th, rather than the 19th
- ^ a b Henderson, p. 45
- ^ Campos, p.81. In Volume V, Campos notes that "in effect the Generals Castilla and Franco celebrated an interview about the international matter, aboard the Peruvian steamer Tumbes, and as a result, on November 8, 1859, the Peruvian army made up of 5,000 men disembarked and took up positions in the haciendas of Mapasingue, Tornero, and Buijo, in the immediacies of Guayaquil. The occupation was explained as a guarantee that Ecuador would fulfill its promises to Peru."
- ^ Paredes; Van Dyke, p.265
- ^ Henderson, p. 47
- ^ Wiesse, p.296
- ^ Paredes; Van Dyke, p.257:
- Art. 5th. The Government of Ecuador, mindful of the value of the documents submitted by the Peruvian negotiator, among which the Royal Decree of July 15, 1802, figures as the one of most importance in support of the right of Peru to the territories of Quijos and Canelos, declares null and of no effect the adjudication of any part of those lands to the British creditors, and that those creditors shall be indemnified with other territories, exclusively and indisputably the property of Ecuador.
- Art. 6th. The Governments of Ecuador and Peru agree to adjust the boundaries of their respective territories, and to appoint, within a period of two years, to be reckoned from the exchange of ratifications of the present treaty, a mixed commission which shall fix, in accordance with the observations made and the evidence brought before them by both parties, the boundaries of the two republics. In the meanwhile those republics accept, as such boundaries, those which are governed by the uti possidetis recognized in article 5th of the treaty of September 22, 1829, between Colombia and Peru, and which were possessed by the Viceroyalties of Peru and Santa Fe conformably to the Royal Decree of July 15, 1802.
- Art. 7th. Notwithstanding the stipulations in the two' preceding articles, Ecuador reserves the right to substantiate, within the peremptory term of two years.her rights over the territories of Quijos and Canelos, at the end of which term, if Ecuador shall have failed to produce evidence sufficient to overcome and nullify the evidence submitted by the Plenipotentiary of Peru, Ecuador's rights shall be deemed to have lapsed and the rights of Peru over those territories shall become absolute."
- ^ Paredes; Van Dyke, p.258
- ^ a b Henderson, p. 54
- ^ Basadre, p. 990
- ^ Basadre, Vol. IV p. 992
- ^ Paredes & Van Dyke, p.258
- ^ Paredes & Van Dyke, p.259
- Gallegos Naranjo, Manuel (1900). Manual de Efemérides: Lecciones de historia del Ecuador (in Spanish). Ecuador: Tipografía "El Vigilante". p. 168. Retrieved 2010-02-27.
- Wiesse, Carlos (1908). Resumen de historia del Perú (in Spanish) (4th ed.). Libreria Francesa Científica Galland. p. 306.
- Santamaría de Paredes, Vicente; Weston Van Dyke, Harry (1910). A study of the question of boundaries between the republics of Peru and Ecuador. Press of B.S. Adams.
- Pons Muzzo, Gustavo (1978). Historia del Perú (9 ed.). Editorial Universo S.A. LCCN 82163429. Call number F3431 .P7313 1979.
- Basandre, Jorge (1970). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Lima: Editorial Universitaria S.A.
- Elías Murguía, Julio J.; Nieto Vélez S. J., Armando (1981). "Conflicto Peruano-Ecuatoriano 1858-1859". Historia marítima del Perú (in Spanish). 6 (4 ed.). Lima.
- St John, Ronald Bruce (1992). The foreign policy of Peru. Boulder, Colorado, USA: Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 269. ISBN 978-1-55587-304-2.
- Campos, José Antonio (1999). Historia Documentada de las Provincias del Guayas (in Spanish). V. Guayaquil: Proyecto de Rescate Editorial de la Biblioteca Municipal de Santiago de Guayaquil. ISBN 978-9978-41-142-1. ISBN 9978-41-142-9.
- Herz, Monica; Pontes Nogueira, João. Ecuador vs. Peru: peacemaking amid rivalry (Illustrated ed.). Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-58826-075-8.
- Holguín Arias, Rubén (2003). Estudios Sociales 6 (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Quito: Ediciones Holguín S.A.
- V. N. Henderson, Peter (2008). Gabriel Garcia Moreno and Conservative State Formation in the Andes (LLILAS new interpretations of Latin America series). University of Texas Press. doi:10.1007/b62130. ISBN 0-292-71903-5.
- Avilés Pino, Efrén; Hoyos Galarza, Melvin (2009). Historia de Guayaquil (in Spanish). Guayaquil: Municipalidad de Guayaquil.
Further reading[edit]
- Ecuadorian Land Company, Ltd. listing
- Analysis and text of the Icaza-Pritchett treaty (in Spanish)
- Territorial Disputes and Their Resolution - The Case of Ecuador and Peru. United States Institute of Peace.
- Interview with Peruvian President Fernando Belaunder Terry, Falso Paquisha Incident Caretas
- Detailed information about the military actions in the Paquisha Incident
- The 1995 Peruvian-Ecuadorian border conflict


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IESTYN Harris today revealed the reason for his wonder show against Canada - he's learnt to trust his instincts.
The Cardiff Blues star says he has changed his approach to the union game and now has the confidence to play it as he sees it, rather than feel restricted by team structures.
"For the last three or four months I have been playing more on my instincts," said the former Leeds Rhino.
"I feel I know enough about the union game to do that now, but I had to do my apprenticeship first.
"The major difference I have got to grips with is at the breakdown - I am now far more aware of how to get the ball back.
"I am grateful for all the help I have been given. My father, Clive Griffiths, with his league background, and Dai Young who I have had some really good chats with, have all been superb.
"I have been given a hell of a lot of advice by people. But the trick has been to keep what you want and throw away the rest."
Harris could be forgiven for feeling a sense of deja vu this week as the Welsh media seeks to plant him on that infamous pedestal.
When he first arrived in Wales the hype surrounding him reached fever pitch before people realised that he was not going to be an instant hit.
But Harris has a way about him that suggests he is one step ahead of the rest of us. And there's no way he will start believing the hysteria.
"It is far easier to play the game when the forwards play well and you get more time," he said. "But as a team we cannot get carried away with just one win or we won't go any further in the competition.
"And there is still improvement to be made for me. I still made a couple of mistakes against Canada even if it was one of my better games.
"It has taken me time to reach a level but that was part of the transition.
"I have had some frustrating times with Wales, being on the bench when I wanted to start.
"But when someone of Steve Hansen's calibre gives you compliments then it is very flattering.
"The World Cup was my ultimate target 18 months ago when I first made the switch and it's definitely been worth waiting for. I just hope I can go forward from here."
And as a parting shot, Harris chose to once and for all nail rumours about a quick return to rugby league.
"I got a firm offer that was very flattering but it has not made any difference," he said.
"Once I spoke to Cardiff and Wales I made a conscious decision that my time is in Wales and I am very happy with that decision. There are still things I have to do in union."

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Patricia E. Zerra, MD
Gold Level Supporters:
Novo Nordisk is a Founding Supporter of the
MRA Program
Silver Level Supporter
Maissaa Janbain, MD
Oluwatoyosi (Toyosi) A. Onwuemene, MD, MS
Sol Schulman, MD, PhD
Michelle Sholzberg, MDCM, MSc, FRCPC
Angela C. Weyand, MD
Silver Level Supporter:
Bronze Level Supporters:
Novo Nordisk is a Founding Supporter of the MRA Program
Glaivy M. Batsuli, MD
Joan D. Beckman, MD, PhD
Peter H. Cygan, MD
Lindsey A. George, MD
Riten Kumar, MD, MSc
Arash Mahajerin, MD, MSCr
Bioverativ Therapeutics
CSL Behring
Novo Nordisk Inc.
Pavan K. Bendapudi, MD
Rachel S. Bercovitz, MD
Grace M. Lee, MD
Benjamin J. Samelson-Jones, MD
Anish V. Sharda, MBBS, MPH
Supported by educational grants from:
Novo Nordisk Inc.
Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Society
8733 Watertown Plank Road
Milwaukee, WI 53226-3548
(414) 937-6569 [email protected] htrs.org
HTRS recognizes BloodCenter of Wisconsin for its longtime support of our Milwaukee office and operations.


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energy, sophisticated, guy next door, characters
Voice Description
Business Communication videos - professional sound
Medical and Academic - Sophisticated and educated
Commercial - Energetic with a mid-high tone / real dad, real everyman
Dramatic reads are lower, dark and smokey.
Video Game Characters - Real Voice to Characters
AudioBooks - Whole books and book trailers
Promos for in person presentations, events, websites.
Voice Genders and "Ages" I Can Perform
• Young Adult Male
• Middle Age Male
• Senior Male
Language(s) of Which I Am a Native Speaker:
• English - USA and Canada
I Offer my Services for these Recording Purposes
• Commercials
• Promos
• IVR, voicemail, phone systems, and on-hold messages
• Training, business presentations, sales, and web sites
• Audiobooks
• Videogames
• Documentaries
• TV shows and movies
• Movie and game trailers
• Podcasts
• Adult content
• Others (on-camera, infomercials, live announcers, spokespersons)
• Cartoon/Animation
Jobs I Am Willing to Take (Union-wise)
• Non-Union Jobs
• Jobs for ACTRA (Canada) signatories
• Jobs for British Equity signatories
• Jobs for Union des Artistes (Canada) signatories
• Jobs for SAG-AFTRA (US) signatories
My Union Affiliations and Memberships
My Recording and Delivery Capabilities
• I will go to any designated studio in my area
• I can record and then deliver the audio files via Email
• I can record and then deliver the files by regular mail
Pre-, Post- and Production Services I Offer
• I offer copywriting services
• I can deliver edited and finished voice tracks
My Home Base
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Accents, Impersonations, Characters and Dialects
UK/British accents and dialects professor/wealth/cockney/, southern united states salesman/farmer/rancher, eastern european dracula, mid-american,
My Voice Experience
For 20 years Charles Hubbell has worked in the Midwest Market providing straight professional and character reads for business, medical, commercial ads, animation and puppetry. Clients have included ABCFamily Channel, Best Buy, The Choo Choo Bob Show, Packers Pro Shop, Valleyfair, No Name Butchers and United Health Care. Extensive acting experience in live theater and movies.
My Training
20 years of just doing it and consistently booking work.
BA in English Lit from University of Minnesota
My Studio Equipment
Recording on GarageBand app for Mac. Microphone is a GT55.
Delivery of an AIFF file that you can pick up from Dropbox.com
Additional Skills
Live Hosting for corporate events. Improv comedy. Singing.
My wife is also a voice actor in case you'd like to have a man and woman dialogue recorded.
Payment Methods Accepted
• PayPal
Online Payments Via PayPal
Contact Information
To contact Charlie Hubbell by email or phone, please click here.
Additional Information
• Currently Charlie Hubbell is a Standard subscriber.
Charlie Hubbell does not appear to be an active participant of the Voice123 marketplace at this time.
Charlie Hubbell was last active on Voice123 more than 365 days ago, OR may not be receiving our email messages.
Charlie Hubbell does not appear to be an active participant of the Voice123 marketplace at this time. Charlie Hubbell was last active on Voice123 more than 365 days ago, OR may not be receiving our email messages.


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Template Theme16 is a free joomla template for Joomla 3x. Theme16 was created by ThemesCreative. It comes with responsive multi purpose, bootstrap framework and many module positions. It is suitable for business website.
Demo Template Theme16:
Theme16's Key Features:
- Responsive multiple purpose template.
- Bootstrap framework.
- 63 Module positions.
- All module positions are fully collapsible.
- 4 ready styles red, blue, green, orange plus unlimited custom color.
- Background color, background photo and text color from template parameters.
- Multiple Template layouts from template parameters.
- Template width at your choice.
- Columns width different sizes.
- Logo optional as image or as text.
Animated css3 Social icons.
- Fonts options: default, squirrel or Google font.
- Font sizes.
- Scroll to top.
- Custom error page.
- Custom offline page with counter time.
- CSS Based Tableless Design.
- XHTML Transitional.
- CSS Validates.
- Mozilla/Firefox/IE8+/Safari/Camino/ Opera Friendly.


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- Overview
- Features & Benefits
- Specifications
- Other Info
- Case Studies
The CT MAG-M series of magnetically coupled turbine pumps incorporate a centrifugal impeller infront of the turbine impeller thereby reducing the NPSH required by the pump as low as 0.5 metres. This makes the CT MAG-M series ideal for leak free pumping of near-boiling, volatile or high vapour pressure liquids such as refrigerants. Available as standard in corrosion resistant 316 stainless steel construction, the CT MAG-M pumps can also be supplied in Hastelloy C, Incoloy and Duplex. Four different sleeve bearing combinations are available including a metallized carbon for short term dry running to prevent major failure in the event of a system upset.
All the M Pump turbine pumps incorporate major components in an easily removable cartridge to allow the pump to be quickly and easily serviced in situ, thereby minimising downtime.
The range is available as a close coupled design so the pump/motor unit is kept as small as possible, minimising space requirements on site and helping remove alignment issues.


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how the nearness of God matters
The last part of Philippians 4:5 says, "The Lord is at hand." Some take this to mean, Jesus is coming back soon. While that is true, it also means God is present. He is near. It's when our life is chaotic, when we don't feel so happy about our circumstances, or when we are tempted […]Read More how the nearness of God matters


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Is creation of insurance giants good for consumers?
WASHINGTON — You've probably heard there's merger mania in the health insurance world, with the latest domino to fall Friday when Anthem and Cigna announced a highly anticipated $54.2 billion deal. Our guide for what you need to know:
1. The "big five" health insurers are now the "big three."
Ranked by number of health plan members, Anthem and Cigna will be the biggest insurer, with more than 53 million members. UnitedHealth Group has more than 45 million members. In early July, Aetna and Humana announced they would merge, creating a company with 33 million members.
2. This is one of the ripple effects of the Affordable Care Act.
The five biggest insurers have been looking to get even bigger largely as a result of health reform, which changed the terms on which these companies can compete. Because of caps on the profits they can make from plans, health insurers are looking to use economies of scale to become more efficient. That means they can eliminate administrative redundancies — they don't need things such as two human resources and two actuarial departments.
3. The effects on premiums are hard to predict, but are likely to be bad.
The question of how the mergers will affect card-carrying members is more complicated than it might seem. In general, consolidation in an industry leads to less competition and higher prices. Indeed, the few studies that have been done suggest that fewer insurers in the marketplace will mean higher prices.
But health care is an odd duck — a regulated industry in which the marketplace varies widely depending on where a person lives, making it harder to tell exactly what to expect. In theory, the new companies are going to be more efficient, and some analysts believe they will pass those savings on to consumers, slowing the growth in premiums at the very least. But much remains to be seen.
4. To make it more complicated, those effects on premiums likely will depend on where you live.
Although these are big national companies, health care is also fundamentally a local business. That means that to understand the effects on consumers, it's often necessary to look market by market, to see in which areas the consolidation really changes the landscape.
Paula Wade, an analyst at Decision Resources Group, uses the example of Connecticut to explain how the merger could lead to a significant drop in competition:
"The consolidation of the largest insurers will certainly reduce competition, leaving employers with fewer options for finding a low-priced plan for employees. In Connecticut, for example, Anthem already holds 35 percent of the commercial market share, and the addition of Cigna brings their market share to 51 percent statewide. Where an employer might have had his choice of Anthem, Cigna, UnitedHealth and Aetna, after these mergers he's only got three companies from which to choose," Wade said.
5. Regulators will be scrutinizing these deals.
It could be that the combined companies would control too much of a certain local market, a typical concern for antitrust officials. Also, Anthem and Cigna have businesses that overlap to a much greater degree than the merger of Aetna and Humana. Even if both big health care deals get regulatory approval, they are not expected to close until 2016. Integrating these giant companies will take a while, potentially several years for the companies to realize the savings they expect and then pass them on to consumers — or not.


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Jonathan Ballon, General Manager, IoT Solutions, Intel ..."One of the key challenges is delivering real-time, insightful and secure data analytics. Predixion's analytics engine supports Intel's IoT strategy from the EDGE to the cloud."
Aliso Viejo, CA (PRWEB) May 12, 2016
Predixion Software, a developer of edge analytics software, today announced the release of Predixion RIOT, real-time visual edge analytics software. Among other market-leading capabilities, RIOT was designed to work with the latest Intel® IoT Gateway Technology featuring Wind River Intelligent Device Platform XT 3.1.
Predixion's RIOT software solves the challenge increasingly visible in Internet of Things (IoT) installations – where large volumes of data never get used due to the high-cost and latency in using central, cloud-based analytics. This challenge will only increase as more devices are connected. Gartner, Inc. forecasts that 6.4 billion connected things will be in use worldwide in 2016, up 30 percent from 2015, and will reach 20.8 billion by 2020. In 2016, 5.5 million new things will get connected every day. According to Roy Schulte and Rita Sallam at Gartner, "Analytics are essential to the success of IoT systems. They are arguably the main point of the IoT as they support the decision-making process in operations that are created in business transformation and digital business programs. " The volume and velocity of data generated from the IoT will mandate the need for new architectures and drive the demand for applying analytics closer to the edge.
Predixion RIOT™ has been built from the ground up with a new architecture that enables users to gain real-time insights on IoT data when and where it is most impactful – whether on the device itself running an RToS, on the IoT gateway based on Intel IoT Gateway Technology, or with a consolidated cloud-based view of all devices in an organization. The Predixion RIOT family of products addresses the needs at all layers for IoT analytics. With intelligence at the edge enabled by Intel IoT Gateway Technology, the combined solution helps businesses achieve near real-time analysis and tighter, more efficient process controls, while reducing data transmission and storage costs.
"IoT promises significant advances for users, but the fact that, even now, only 10 percent of IoT data even makes it to the cloud , proves that current analytics solutions are too reliant on central processing to be effective. To be able to deal with the dramatic growth in data volumes, analytics performed at the edge becomes mandatory," said Simon Arkell, CEO, Predixion Software. "RIOT changes the game, delivering the industry's fastest and most efficient real-time, IoT visual edge analytics solution. RIOT enables users in markets such as manufacturing, energy, and healthcare to gain faster time to insight via the delivery of real-time visual edge analytics with full integration to the orchestration capabilities of the cloud."
"At Intel, we see IoT growing into nearly every part of our lives and connecting the 'things' that were never connected before. Yet there are barriers slowing IoT adoption and Intel is working to provide solutions that tackle these challenges," said Jonathan Ballon, General Manager, IoT Solutions, Intel. "One of the key challenges is delivering real-time, insightful and secure data analytics. Predixion's analytics engine supports Intel's IoT strategy by enabling these analytics from the EDGE to the cloud."
Predixion RIOT is the industry's first visual edge analytics software that truly lives and operates at the edge of the network. It delivers the following new capabilities for users:
- Ease of Deployment: Out of the box, organizations can dynamically deploy advanced analytics on-device, on-gateway, or in-the-cloud;
- Continuous Actions: RIOT supports connected, partially-connected and disconnected environments so decisions can be made in real-time without reliance on network connectivity;
- Visual Analytics Trigger Real Time Actions: RIOT allows organizations to conduct predictive maintenance and predictive operations management, with workflows triggered by the output of the analytics.
Predixion RIOT:
- Predixion RIOT Nano is a complete, self-contained, small foot-print real-time visual analytics engine which runs on a single device and provides immediate visual analytics and insights from device sensors. RIOT Nano provides on-device visual analytics or stream analytics to the gateway or cloud so a user can easily have visual insights from all connected devices.
- Predixion RIOT One is a complete, self-contained real-time visual analytics platform which runs on the gateway, connects to thousands of devices and provides "instant-on" visual analytics with minimal configuration and setup. RIOT One provides user-driven visual analytics so a business user can gain instant insights into device operations, health and performance of the device, and easily apply new analytics to gain immediate insight for rapid decisions and actions. RIOT One runs at the edge, which is closer to the data, and can provide visual analytics directly from the gateway without requiring any cloud presence, thus providing quicker insight, and radically reducing the configuration and processing complexity compared to using a cloud-only analytics approach.
- Predixion RIOT Enterprise is a cloud-based edge analytics platform and provides aggregated real-time visual analytics across all connected devices. Real-time analytics are streamed from gateways and devices to RIOT Enterprise in the cloud to provide a centralized view of the performance and insight of all connected devices.
Solving IoT Challenges
Connected devices and machines are an integral part of operations in just about every industry today. Whether in a factory, mine, fleet, hospital or home, these devices are all producing a massive amount of data, which is projected to reach 1,600 exabytes by the year 2020 . As the volume and velocity of IoT data dramatically increases, it is essential to move real-time analytics closer to the data itself—at the edge. Predixion RIOT enables users to securely capture and harness the power of IoT data, delivering faster ways to realize the value of sensor information, and transform that into predictive maintenance insights on the health of the devices and their environment, that users can act upon instantly to get ahead of unplanned downtime.
About Predixion Software
Predixion Software is a real-time edge analytics software company based in Aliso Viejo, California. Predixion was founded on the belief that analytics has the power to create a smarter, safer and healthier world. To achieve this vision, Predixion developed Predixion RIOT™, an edge-based analytics platform that provides real-time, advanced analytics on devices, gateways and routers to leverage real-time data at the edge of the network. Unlike many "Big Data" solutions which drop IoT data into a Data Lake and perform cloud analytics on data from the edge, Predixion RIOT solutions provide IoT analytics directly at the edge, thus providing immediate insight. At Predixion, we make Things smarter.
Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation in the United States and other countries. Predixion Software recognizes all of the trademarks referenced in this press release.


text:
- Latest available (Revised)
- Original (As enacted)
This is the original version (as it was originally enacted).
(1)This section—
(a)applies if the Scottish Ministers lay a report under section 33 which states that an annual target has not been met or that the domestic effort target has not been met in the target year to which the report relates;
(b)does not apply if that report relates to the annual target for 2050.
(2)As soon as reasonably practicable after the report referred to in subsection (1)(a) has been laid, the Scottish Ministers must lay a report before the Scottish Parliament setting out proposals and policies to compensate in future years for the excess emissions.
Latest Available (revised):The latest available updated version of the legislation incorporating changes made by subsequent legislation and applied by our editorial team. Changes we have not yet applied to the text, can be found in the 'Changes to Legislation' area.
Original (As Enacted or Made):The original version of the legislation as it stood when it was enacted or made. No changes have been applied to the text.
Text created by the Scottish Executive department responsible for the subject matter of the Act to explain what the Act sets out to achieve and to make the Act accessible to readers who are not legally qualified. Explanatory Notes were introduced in 1999 and accompany all Acts of the Scottish Parliament except those which result from Budget Bills
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A shortage of just 4 products provokes a headache
Headache (cephalalgia, from Greek to brain + pain) is one of the most common nonspecific symptoms of a variety of diseases and pathological conditions, which is a pain in the head or neck area. Most often, the cause of the headache is vascular disorders associated with the expansion or spasm of the vessels inside or outside the cranium. This general clinical symptom should be distinguished from migraine, which is its particular case.
Headache is not a pain sensation of the brain's nervous tissue, since there are no pain receptors in it. It arises due to the effect on the areas located in the head or neck 9, sensitive to pain: the skull (periosteum), muscles, nerves, arteries and veins, subcutaneous tissue, eyes, nasal sinuses and mucous membrane. The method of treating a headache depends on the identified disease or the cause of the onset of the symptom, in most cases, analgesics are prescribed.
Migraine (french migraine from other Greek or new hemicrania - hemicrania or "half of the head") is a neurological disease whose most common and characteristic symptom is episodic or regular severe and painful headache attacks in one (rarely in both) half of the head. In this case, there are no serious head injuries, stroke, brain tumors, and the intensity and pulsating nature of the pains are associated with a vascular headache, and not with a headache from tension. Headache with migraine is not associated with an increase or a sharp decrease in blood pressure, a bout of glaucoma or an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP).
Headaches are the companions of many diseases. But there is one kind of headache, unbearable and exhausting. It's a migraine. It is familiar to every 6th inhabitant of the planet. As a rule, pain with migraines is localized in one hemisphere of the brain. More often migraine is observed in emotional people, with reduced resistance to stress.
Historical reference
Individual mentions of periodic headaches, reminiscent of the description of the clinic migraine, appeared more than 5000 years ago. In the XIX-XVI centuries BC in Babylonian literature, descriptions of attacks of headache were also found, which was compared with a flash of lightning. For the first time gemikraniya, which is accompanied by vomiting and poor health in general, was described in the papyrus of Ebers as a "half headache". In the book "Tzizhuang" of 581 BC it was stated that Chinese doctors tried to treat the symptom with the "chen-chiu therapy" method (acupuncture and cauterization). Herodotus wrote that in Ancient Egypt among the priests involved in healing, there were those who specialized only in the treatment of headaches. Hippocrates in his work "Aphorisms" described various types of cephalgia and first identified it as a disease, and he first described the symptoms of migraine. Aretei Cappadocia in the book "On acute and chronic diseases" described 3 types of headache: cephalgia - a moderate, episodic, lasting from 1-3 hours to several days and resembling a tension headache; cephalea - lasting longer, more intense, difficult to treat and, most likely, due to organic pathology; heterocranium - similar in the clinic with migraine. The term "hemicrania", from which the term "migraine" originated, was introduced by Galen. He enjoyed the works of Aretei of Cappadocia, but the described symptoms gave an explanation. The Roman physician explained the hemicranic pain with anatomical features of the skull structure, believing that the sickle-shaped septum explains the pain in only one half of the skull. The first classification of headaches called "De Cephalalgia" was developed by Thomas Willis in 1672. In 1787, Christian Baur divided all the headaches into idiopathic (primary) and symptomatic (secondary), and also identified 84 categories of headaches. At the end of the XIX century, in the book "On migraine headaches and other similar diseases" by Edward Leving, the differential difference between migraine and other headaches similar in clinical practice was demonstrated. The clinical symptoms of cluster headache were described by Harris in 1926, but the priority of the description of the disease belongs to Reader (1924). In 1939, Horton also described the clinic for clustered cephalalgia, but unlike Harris, he regarded it as erythromelalgia, and then as histamine cephalgia. Later, this condition was referred to as Horton's syndrome. For the first time the similarity of these states was indicated by Ekb in 1947, and since 1952, at the suggestion of Kunkel, the disease is called "cluster cephalgia." In 1962, at the National Institute of Diseases of the Nervous System, the Headache Committee introduces a new definition of headache in practice, and also develops a classification of cephalgia and prozopalgia that lasted 26 years. In 1988, the International Classification Committee for Headache introduces a new classification of headaches and facial pains, which is still used today.
Causes of headache
Predisposition to migraine is due to heredity, sex (women are more exposed to it), an incorrect way of life, a psycho-emotional background. Age is also important: doctors observe migraines more often in young people, beginning with adolescence, and with age, the disease fades.
Nutrition plays a huge role in the occurrence of migraine attacks. It is proved that the deficit of a number of elements in the body is capable of provoking severe headaches 4 times more often. We identified 4 groups of products, the lack of which contributes to the onset of migraine.
Deficiency of these substances leads to a headache
Predisposition to migraine is due to heredity, sex (women are more exposed to it), an incorrect way of life, a psycho-emotional background. Age is also important: doctors observe migraines more often in young people, beginning with adolescence, and with age, the disease fades.
Nutrition plays a huge role in the occurrence of migraine attacks. It is proved that the deficit of a number of elements in the body is capable of provoking severe headaches 4 times more often. We identified 4 groups of products, the lack of which contributes to the onset of migraine.
1 Folic acid and vitamin B12
People who do not have enough of these substances are prone to excessive irritability and absent-mindedness. They are also more prone to stress. Interestingly, we often try to relieve the headache with drugs that contain aspirin. And this substance just reduces the content of folic acid and vitamin B12 in the body.
Spinach is the champion of folic acid, and it is also rich in broccoli, asparagus, avocado, beetroot, carrot, pumpkin. Vitamin B12 is abundant in chicken eggs.
2 Copper and iron
Deficiency of copper and iron is more characteristic of women and leads directly to anemia, hypotension, migraines and depression. Copper beans, nuts, goat cheese, avocados are rich in ... And regularly eating greens, lettuce, sunflower seeds, sesame, liver and sea cabbage, you will fill iron reserves.
3 Vitamin B6
Deficiency of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) - one of the main factors of the occurrence of vascular diseases. Its a lot in beans, liver, fresh vegetables, as well as cereals. Lie on these products, if you want to preserve the health of the brain, nerves, heart and blood vessels.
4 Vitamin D
Vitamin D is naturally produced in our body under the sun's rays. And in the winter time it can be obtained from food. Eggs, beans, liver, seafood, dairy products abound in this important element of metabolism.
Full nutrition, exercise, outdoor walks can significantly reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine headaches. And to relieve stress and calm down will help aromatherapy .
We hope this article will help you and your friends to forget about migraines! Be healthy!
Via takprosto.cc


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Clash of the FCS titans
Appalachian State, Montana highlight busy slate of action
There will not be many matchups this season that will rival the level of hype of last week's Alabama-Michigan game, but the No. 8 Appalachian State taking on No. 9 Montana on Saturday is certainly the most-anticipated of the weekend.
Appalachian State and Montana are the two winningest programs in the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) since 2005 with 79 and 78 victories, respectively. In addition, the Mountaineers of the Southern Conference and Grizzlies of the Big Sky Conference have combined for five NCAA championships (all since 1995), 10 FCS title game appearances and 40 NCAA playoff berths.
Yes, it is likely these two programs will be playing long into December, but with this non-conference clash this weekend, fans will get a taste of playoff football just two weeks into the season.
The home-and-home series came about a few years back when Appalachian AD Charlie Cobb and former Montana AD Jim O'Day were serving on the NCAA FCS Committee together. Cobb currently serves as chairman of the committee.
"We had these monthly phone calls and quarterly meetings about how to raise or elevate the brand that is FCS football," Cobb said. "It is crucial for us to try and get the media attention we frankly deserve, but also crave in FCS."
"[Cobb] wanted to get a home-and-home series going with title-contending type teams," Appalachian head coach Jerry Moore said. "He thought it would be a good matchup."
The series was announced in 2009 along with two other home-and-home series between national powerhouses. The Mountaineers and Grizzles will play in Boone this year, and Missoula next season. Appalachian will meet McNeese State in 2014 and '15, while Montana and McNeese will tangle in 2016 and '17.
"The thought was for us, Montana and McNeese to create some successful cross-sectional rivalry games," Cobb said. "We'd really like others to follow suit, but I think it comes down to what your ultimate goal is in terms of being playoff ready."
The Mountaineers are certainly used to tough competition early in the season. Appalachian (0-1) opened the season at FBS opponent East Carolina. In 2007, the Mountaineers pulled the upset of the year as they beat No. 5 Michigan to start the season.
"Every team we play is really a top-notch football team this season," Moore said. "I think it is good for our division. Our fans are excited about it."
Montana and Appalachian have met twice on the gridiron. In 2000 and '09, the two teams squared off in NCAA playoff games in Missoula, and the Grizzlies have won both times.
"We seem to want to aspire to be like them, and they seem to want to aspire to be like us," Cobb said. "We're very competitive with hardly ever playing each other. It's kind of fun to actually have the games to see how we compare."
Moore not only likes the fact this game is an early gauge for the Mountaineers, but that it also prepares the team for postseason play.
"When you get nine games into the season and go into the playoffs, they've been there," Moore said. "They know how to react and what to expect. I think it whets their appetite for it."
Montana opened the season with a victory at home against South Dakota, and will hit the road for the first time this year. The Grizzlies will be looking to end Appalachian's 17-game regular season home winning streak. The Mountaineers are opening their home schedule against a nationally-ranked opponent for the eighth time in the past 14 years. Appalachian is 5-2 in those games.
The game will be broadcast live on ESPN Gameplan and ESPN3 at 6:30 p.m. ET.
• The highest-touted game of the week in Division II football is between a pair of Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference foes that have not met since the 1997 season. No. 10 California (Pa.) and No. 11 Kutztown will clash in a cross-divisional match-up of PSAC West and East members.
While Kutztown has never lost to the Vulcans in nine meetings (8-0-1), Cal has made five consecutive NCAA playoff appearances and has claimed a share of seven consecutive PSAC West titles. KU is coming off a season that saw the program win its first PSAC championship and first NCAA playoff contest.
• No. 3 Wesley will visit No. 6 Salisbury in the lone top-10 matchup of the week in Division III football, and all eyes will be on the Wolverines' Jared Morris and his ability to pick off the football. In last week's 34-14 win at East Texas Baptist, this junior defensive back nabbed a school-record four interceptions -- the only player to accomplish the feat in the first week of the Division III season.
However, if Morris is looking to wreak havoc on the Seagulls' passing game on Saturday, there will not be many opportunities for him. SU attempted just six passes in a 40-16 victory against Christopher Newport last week, completing half of them for 50 yards with no interceptions.
• While North Carolina may be the unanimous choice as the No. 1 team in the NSCAA Division I men's soccer poll, it seems like the entire Big East is hot on the Tar Heels' tails. Seven conference teams are ranked in the top 20 led by No. 2 South Florida and No. 4 Connecticut, who both sport spotless records.
No. 12 St. John's is unbeaten through its first four games (3-0-1) for the first time 2008, when the squad was also 3-0-1 in its four matches and No. 13 Georgetown (4-0) is off to its best start since 2008, when the team went 5-0. No. 17 Notre Dame is off to a 3-0 start for the first time since the 2004 campaign, while No. 20 Marquette perfect on the season at 4-0-0 overall for the team's best start since 2000. No. 18 Louisville is the only nationally-ranked Big East team with a loss. The Cardinals (1-2-0) fell to then-No. 3 Maryland last week, and dropped a 1-0 contest to St. Louis on Tuesday.
With so many squads receiving national attention, conference play should be fun. Big East head-to-head action starts Sept. 22.
• No head coach, no worries. At least that has seemed to be Virginia's motto so far this season while women's soccer head coach Steve Swanson is moonlighting as the U.S. U-20 Women's National Team head coach at the 2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Tokyo.
The Cavaliers are also missing sophomore midfielder Morgan Brian, who scored the game-winning goal for the U.S. in a 2-0 semifinal victory against Nigeria. The U.S. will meet Germany in Saturday's final game at 6:20 a.m. ET. It will air live on ESPNU.
Meanwhile, back in Charlottesville, Virginia has reeled off five consecutive wins since opening the season with a loss to Penn State. The No. 9 Cavaliers will host George Mason and James Madison in the Virginia Nike Soccer Classic beginning Friday.
• The Angelo State women's volleyball team cracked the top 10 of the AVCA Division II Poll for the first time in program history after sweeping through the Hilltopper/Rattler Classic last weekend. ASU's previous high ranking was No. 13 in 1992.
The Belles (4-0) are benefiting from the play of Shelbi Goode, a transfer from Alabama, who dominated the tournament and garnered Most Valuable Player honors. This junior outside hitter collected 56 kills in four matches, and leads the Lone Star Conference with 4.67 kills per set.
ASU will take its unbeaten record to the Colorado Premiere Challenge along with eight other nationally-ranked teams, including No. 11 Cal-State Bernadino (2-2) who the Belles will open the tournament with on Friday.
• With seven goals last weekend, Princeton women's field hockey senior Kathleen Sharkey became the school's all-time leader in goals scored with 76. Sharkey will look to add to that total when the No. 4 Tigers travel to No. 8 Penn State on Thursday.
Last weekend, Sharkey netted three goals and an assist at then-No. 5 Duke, and followed it up with four scores at then-No. 13 Wake Forest. At that pace, Sharkey is undoubtedly within striking distance of becoming the Tigers' all-time points leader as well. Her total currently stands at 175, while the record is 198 held by Kirsty Hale (1995-98).
• Washington head football coach Steve Sarkisian is known in Seattle for his antics in practice, and on Tuesday, he one-upped himself. As the Huskies look towards a meeting with the LSU Tigers on Saturday, Sarkisian brought in a 16-month-old Bengal tiger to watch the Huskies practice.
"Sheena", who was caged on the sidelines at practice, was courtesy of "A Walk on the Wild Side" animal refuge and preserve in Canby, Ore. Sarkisian was apparently trying to emulate the atmosphere at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, where seven-year-old Mike VI is on the sidelines in his cage for most LSU home games.
After practice, Sarkisian tweeted, "It was great meeting Sheena the Tiger."
• After a one-year hiatus, Massachusetts Maritime and SUNY-Maritime will resume their Division III football series on Friday in Throggsneck, N.Y. The fifth-annual game is dubbed the "Chowder Bowl" between the two colleges which prepare their students for careers in the nautical industry.
The series began in 2007, and while SUNY-Maritime has won all four meetings, the game has become a pretty heated rivalry. The Buccaneers have been gearing up to change their luck against the Privateers since spring practice. Friday's game is the season-opener for both squads. Just one question -- New England or Manhattan?
• The College of Charleston women's golf team will host one of the most competitive tournaments of the fall season this weekend as 10 of the top 15 teams from the 2012 NCAA championship participate in the Cougar Classic beginning Sept. 9 at Yeamans Hall Club. The tournament will feature top five teams in order of finish from last year's championship -- 1. Alabama, 2. Southern California, 3. LSU, 4. Virginia and 5. South Carolina. LSU won last year's Cougar Classic.
And, for a unique end to the tournament, a bagpiper walks down the first fairway around a pond onto the tee box for a small ceremony that precedes the final round.
Follow Amy Farnum on Twitter: @NCAA_Amy


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A food processor approached us to engineer an efficient, high-throughput palletizing solution that would keep pace with high volume production in a low temperature environment. Prepared inside of a cold room, the food is palletized and stacked with a layer of egg cartons between each layer, allowing the food to rapidly freeze to preserve its quality. The speed of the palletizing system meets the high rate of product coming off the processing line in order to stack it and drop its temperature as quickly as possible.
PASCO designed this system from the ground up with components specifically selected to operate reliably in severe duty environments. We engineered highly automated tooling arms that remain properly heated and lubricated to allow for continuous high speed operation in low temperatures. Our engineering team also designed customized end-of-arm tooling that reliably picks and holds the difficult plastic egg cartons and ensures a tight pack pattern in the intervening layers. Lifters were incorporated to easily pick up delicate sheets and layer them onto the pallet as well.
The ability to precisely pick up a variety of materials and efficiently palletize them made this robust solution an invaluable asset to the customer's operation. To learn more about this palletizing project, or to discover how PASCO can assist you with one of your own, contact us today.
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Marlow United Methodist Church
Sunday Worship:
9:00 am
Choir Practice:
Prayer Meeting:
Sundays - 8:00 am at the church
Eric Feustel, Pastor - 603-485-4857 - firstname.lastname@example.com
Sharon Davis, Lay Leader - 603-446-7064 - email@example.com
Announcement and Events
The Gathering Place
We plan to open the Chapel on Saturday mornings, from 9-11:30 as a place where
neighbors can meet, have coffee and goodies, and catch up on news. This will be hosted by the church and other
town organizations and will begin in January 2015.
Pastor Eric Feustel
I have been active in many churches for as long as I can remember, but I never dreamed I would become a pastor. After a successful career in the restaurant industry, and later in outside sales and sales management, God changed my mind and called me into ministry. It had been nearly 30 years since I had been in college, but I took the step and enrolled in Boston University School of Theology in 2004, earning my Masters Degree in Biblical and Historical Studies.
Since graduating in 2007, I have served on the New Hampshire District Lay Speaking Committee and on the staff of the Grantham United Methodist Church . In July 2010 I was moved a few dozen miles south on Route 10 to the Marlow United Methodist Church . I have already found that this fellowship is a warm and caring group of Christians.
I am continually amazed as I study the Holy Bible to see how relevant its ancient words are to contemporary life. If you visit the Marlow United Methodist Church I know you will be encouraged in our worship services, included in our family atmosphere, and find avenues of service in the cause of Jesus.


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Anderson Real Estate Association (AREA) seeks to serve its student members in the following ways:
- Promote industry awareness;
- Prepare students to market themselves and conduct an appropriate career search;
- Educate students about real estate principles and concepts;
- Provide networking opportunities for educational and social purposes.
Real Estate 101 sessions are designed to be educational opportunities for current students and are often conducted by second-year students and/or recent alumni working in the real estate industry. Educational presentation topics in the past have included real estate financial modeling and ARGUS training, urban in-fill development, land acquisition, the role of private equity financing and purchasing a home.
At various times throughout the year, AREA will host speakers from the national and local real estate industry.
AREA hosts alumni events that offer students opportunities to network with UCLA Anderson alumni who are presently working in the real estate field. AREA also has a close relationship with the UCLA Real Estate Alumni Group (REAG), an association of real estate professionals with undergraduate UCLA ties. REAG also hosts quarterly meetings, usually with a notable speaker.
The Ziman Center sponsors a real estate mentor program designed to meet the needs of students and busy real estate professionals. The program allows real estate professionals to share their work experience, offer career advice, interface with students and participate in the Ziman Center's activities.
Days on the Job (DOJ) events bring students to the offices of a local real estate company to visit with employees and learn more about the employer and the industry in general. These student-organized events offer a more intimate opportunity to meet real estate executives and demonstrate an interest in a particular employer.
Given the tangible nature of real estate, AREA often organizes site visits during the year to expose students to the construction process. In past years, AREA has toured commercial developments such as the Staples Center and residential developments such as the Hollywood & Vine project with the companies responsible for developing or financing the sites.
Real estate lunches are one of the regular on-campus recruiting programs sponsored by the Career Management Center, in coordination with AREA. Lunch presentations consist of a noontime presentation made by the host company, followed by a question-and-answer session. Lunch presentations offer students an opportunity to learn firsthand about different careers in the industry.
Sponsored by the Ziman Center and organized by students, AREA's Real Estate Career Night is a well-attended annual event that offers students a unique career-related networking opportunity. Over 100 companies have participated in past years. These companies have included AEW Capital Management, American Realty Advisors, Apollo Real Estate Advisors, Arden Realty, Buchanan Street Partners, CB Richard Ellis, CIM Group, Colony Capital, Cushman & Wakefield, Douglas Emmett, George Smith Partners, Grubb & Ellis, Jones Lang LaSalle, JP Morgan Mortgage Capital, KB Homes, KeyBank Real Estate Capital, Lowe Enterprises, MetLife, Resmark Equity Partners, TA Associates, The Olson Company, Trammell Crow, Wells Fargo and Westfield America.
Each year, The National Association of Industrial and Office Properties (NAIOP) organizes a student competition between UCLA's and USC's business schools. Each five-person team is asked to determine the best use for an existing real estate project. In 2016, UCLA's team was awarded the prestigious Silver Shovel for its presentation and recommended strategy to develop a 5.07-acre land site in the City of Inglewood. Students will be notified once the selection process gets underway, but please visit the NAIOP Challenge website to find out more details.
Each year, UCLA Anderson is invited to compete in many different case competitions, such as The University of Texas' McCombs School of Business Real Estate Challenge, the UNC Real Estate Development Challenge, the MIT Real Estate CASE Competition, among others. The Ziman Center sponsors many of these annual events by paying for the team's entry fee and travel expenses.


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Music Department Service Chamber Ensembles
The Adams State University Music Department created six ensembles to provide service to ASU, the community, and the greater Rocky Mountain region. These ensembles support ASU initiatives, provide community and educational outreach, and embrace new and diverse musical opportunities and settings.
Ensembles can be scheduled, based on availability, by contacting Emily Johnson, Ensembles Manager at email@example.com) or the ASU Music Department.
68 West
68 West has inspired and amazed audiences with their harmony and clarity for over 15 years. The vocal ensemble is a collegiate a cappella group made up of eight to twelve passionate, young musicians. Their different majors, backgrounds and experiences bring diversity to the group.
The wide variety of music is welcomed by audiences on campus, in the community, and throughout the state. 68 West also engages public school students in educational workshops to promote the arts.
7543' Panhandlers Steel Band
The 7543' Panhandlers Steel Pan Ensemble is an exclusive steel band ensemble comprised of ASU students. The group's name represents the elevation ASU in Alamosa, CO.
Founded in 2016, the 7543' Panhandlers is excited to begin reaching out and entertaining a wide variety of audiences in new venues. With steel pans originating in islands of Trinidad and Tobago, 7543' plays music ranging from traditional island music, to hip-hop and popular tunes.
Alpine Backbeats Drum Line
Alpine Backbeats Drum Line is the new face of drum line entertainment at ASU. Alpine Backbeats offers high-energy performances for almost all venues and event types, from football games and rallies to benefits and private parties. In addition to standard drum line music, we also offer a variety of different percussion styles including Brazilian samba and other world music.
Members of the ensemble include both percussion majors and other instrumental music majors alike varying in years of study from freshman to seniors.
Desert Winds Quintet
Desert Winds Quintet is a classical woodwind quintet that came together in the fall of 2015 as a student ensemble at ASU. Desert Winds has had the pleasure of performing for the President of Adams State and the Mayor of Alamosa, along side the Air Force Academy Band woodwind quintet, and in other formal and informal concert settings.
While most of their repertoire is classical woodwind quintet literature from the Baroque, Classical, and Romantic eras, Desert Winds is excited to incorporate 20th-21st century music into their sound.
The Power of Five
In 2016, the ASU Music Department brought together five talented women with diverse origins, forming The Power of Five Brass Quintet. With a unique instrumentation, this group adds a surprising twist to the traditional brass ensemble. Their repertoire ranges from popular tunes to film scores, classical music to compositions and arrangements written by the ensemble members.
The Power of Five plans to take their performance to the next level with electronic effects, such as looping, reverb, and echo techniques. The Power of Five is excited to bring their new, unique style to life through performance.
Summit Flute Quartet
Summit Flute Quartet was established in the fall semester of 2014 at ASU. Summit Flute Quartet has performed in a variety of settings, including formal recitals, charity events, community outreach, and campus events.
Their repertoire ranges from classical to modern era compositions and their programs appeal to audiences of all ages. Summit Flute Quartet also provides educational outreach concerts.


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Ger Walsh column 31/05/17
Varadkar sees key role for Rosslare post Brexit
Backing a winner is always important in politics but in the case of the Fine Gael leadership, with such an overwhelming level of support emerging for Leo Varadkar, it was not just important to be seen to support him but to do it quickly.
In that context both Wexford TDs will be happy with themselves. Michael D'Arcy was out of the traps to declare for the Social Protection Minister faster than a top greyhound at the Enniscorthy track while it has emerged that Paul Kehoe was in more recent times part of a group that helped persuade some Kenny camp TDs to join Leo.
Previously Paul had been part of those very close to Enda Kenny and is known to be an extra ordinary good networker within the parliamentary party where he is very popular.
While Paul is seen to have done some good work on behalf of the Leo campaign he was always going to be a Kenny loyalist so his colleague Michael D'Arcy had a head start on him when it came to actually being in the Varadkar camp.
For quite a long time, it seems, the Gorey TD has been telling colleagues that Leo was the man and his position on the backaches enabled him to make a number of public statements over the past year that more reflected Leo's thinking that what the government was actually doing.
The first signs that Leo had strong support in Wexford emerged when he travelled to be part of the panel at a Brexit meeting in Enniscorthy earlier this month. While the meeting was called to discuss a very important issue and Leo's attendance helped boost the attendance, everyone knew it was taking place against the backdrop of a leadership election which was just weeks away so what people were getting was not just the views of the Social Protection Minister but a likely future Taoiseach.
And he used the visit to good effect posing with Fine Gael councillors who have a vote in the election and delivering a twenty minute or so address which was largely unscripted.
While he had a lot to say about the general issues surrounding Brexit and he was pretty clear on the challenges and difficulties which could emerge he also had something interesting to say in a Wexford context when he spoke of the need for infrastructural investment to maintain links between this country and the rest of the EU in the event of a so called hard Brexit.
In this regard Varadkar stressed the importance of Rosslare EuroPort and the need for investment in the port itself and the transport links to it.
Now that he is only a few weeks away from taking his place in the Taoiseach's Office there will be a big onus on the Wexford Fine Gael TDs and councillors to bring this message to him every time they get the chance.
Meanwhile, all eyes will be on his appointments to Cabinet and the Junior Ministries. There are some who speculate that Paul will retain his Defence portfolio while many more suggest that Michael will at last leave the backbenches with a role in the Department of Agriculture mentioned quite a bit.
Varadkar's problem is that he has a lot more supporters than he has places to offer. However, it would come as a surprise to many if D'Arcy does not join his team at some level.
How a couple of 'young lads' can change the Garda numbers
There has been a lot of discussion about the accuracy of Garda statistics recently with a question mark over virtually all the published numbers. However, local Garda Chief, John Roche, was happy to tell the local Joint Policing Committee members recently that the breath test fiasco did not hit the Wexford Division.
While there was an over estimation of almost a million breath tests nationally an audit of Wexford demonstrated that the numbers in this area were almost spot on.
However, another statistic produced on the day showed that possibly all Garda numbers should be taken with a grain of salt. Generally there has been good news on crime front over the past year or so.
However, there was a bit of a blip on burglary in the early part of this year.
The reason, it appears, that the burglary numbers suffered a bit of a reverse were that a few 'young lads' as they were described, went on a bit of a crime spree in the Clonard area of Wexford town while a couple of other youths did a similar thing in the Gorey area.
That was enough to effect the entire set of figures for the county it seems.
Wexford drivers carry on drinking and driving
The question of drunk driving has been I the headlines again with the Healy Raes from Kerry acting as a sort of Trojan Horses for the Vintners with their trenchant opposition to proposals to tighten up on the current laws and increase some of the penalties for those caught driving at the lower end of the scale.
Danny Healy Rae made a bit of an ass of himself when he suggested that people's driving could be impaired as much by a good meal as a few drinks. This sort of trivialisation of the matter should have no place in the debate and I cannot imagine the hurt it causes to those who have lost loved ones as a result of the actions of drunk drivers.
Nevertheless it is probably fair to ask whether or not increasing the penalties for lower level offences is the right way to go. The problem here is that when anyone raises any issue in respect of drunk driving they can be accused of condoning it.
However, the reality is that many drink drivers are not getting the message with the existing laws a fact underlined by the local Garda Chief who revealed recently that five people had been caught for the offence over the weekend with a sixth person detected at 11am on the Monday morning on the outskirts of Wexford town.
It seems to me unlikely that any strengthening of the penalties at the lower end of the scale will have any impact on these people who pose the greatest danger on the roads.
Surely the first step should be to increase resources and have a nationwide blitz to enforce the existing laws. If this was done relentlessly over a six month period I'd be prepared to bet that initially a lot of people would lose their driving licenses.
At the end of this period the whole thing could be reviewed to see if stronger laws were required for lower level offences.
Meanwhile, maybe the advice should be the next time you have a big meal make sure not to drive=======at least for twelve hours. That's for two courses, if you indulge in three of four courses you can forget the car for at least a day
Timely reminder of problems caused by gambling
There has been a huge emphasise on the issue of mental health all across the county in recent months as public representations, officials bodies and voluntary organisations try desperately to highten awareness of the problem with the hope that people will come forward to get help.
The various campaigns have been spurred on by the large number of suicides which have affected so many local families in recent years.
There is, of course, no clear answer as to why the problem is so acute in this area with some campaigners citing the lack of adequate facilities to provide care for people in difficulties coupled with financial problems, drugs and drink as reasons why so many people find themselves in a very dark place.
However, another reason which is not so often highlighted is gambling and Sinn Fein councillor Anthony Kelly brought a very timely motion to the May meeting of the Co. Council calling on Minister Denis Naughton to introduce legislation to address the easy accessibility to online gambling.
There is evidence that gambling is linked to a lot of mental health problems and is certainly as potentially damaging as alcohol. However, the major betting firms are allowed to glamorise their offerings through programme sponsorship on television and radio and regular promotions at sporting events.
Cllr. Kelly is right. It is time to bring the betting industry in to line and call a halt to the repeated 'in your face' promotions which suggest that backing a winner and making money is as easy as finding a Leo Varadkar supporter in Leinster House.
Category: Featured Articles, News


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Computers are used throughout the school by all…
Our youth learn essential computer/technology skills and are given the opportunity to go where their passions lead them. Students utilize Google Apps by producing homework assignments in Google Docs and presentations in Google Slides. Each student also creates their own WordPress website which may ultimately serve as an electronic portfolio of their work at Saint James Catholic School. All students have the opportunity to provide input into the yearbook, which is a year-long photography and desktop publishing project. Typing is taught and reinforced in 3rd to 5th grades.
Additionally, our students participate each fall in The Hour of Code. We expand this by utilizing the full 20 unit course and we take the whole month to work through it. K-3 students utilize Kodable on the iPads for similar instruction. Our Ninja-Te.ch afterschool program gives our students another opportunity to learn programming with Google's CS-First and MIT's Scratch platform.
Students also have the opportunity to participate in either our First Lego League or First Tech Challenge teams. Students meet after school and Saturday mornings.


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Red Hat Bugzilla – Bug 59810
useradd creates mail writable for group!!! (PATCH in duplicate bug)
Last modified: 2007-03-26 23:51:20 EDT
useradd utility creates /var/spool/mail/$user with chmod 660 !! So, it is
writable to group!! If users are in the same group (for example, users), they
can to delete other users email(i tried it)!!!!! try useradd -g users user1 and
look at /var/spool/mail !
Please, fix it as soon as possible, and email me with answer.
Thank you
Martynas Bieliauskas
*** Bug 75418 has been marked as a duplicate of this bug. ***
*** Bug 77385 has been marked as a duplicate of this bug. ***
Not confirming nor denying this report, as I haven't tested it in 8.0, but
I'm putting a hyperlink to the proposed patch into this bug report, so it
is more accessible:
The rawhide packages should also be checked for this vulnerability as well
as older releases. I tested Red Hat Linux 7.1 up2date and it doesn't appear
An errata has been issued which should help the problem described in this bug report.
This report is therefore being closed with a resolution of ERRATA. For more information
on the solution and/or where to find the updated files, please follow the link below. You may reopen
this bug report if the solution does not work for you.


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Easiest Countries to Play as in Europa Universalis IV 1444Triiozz
The Top Ten
Same case as Ming, although aggressive expansion and unrest can be more of a problem - Triiozz
OP development and weak neighbours. Can practically decimate any nation nearby and aggressive expansion isn't much of a problem - Triiozz
Starts off with Pskov and Perm as vassals. Easy prey nearby such as Tver, Ryazan and Novgorod. Watch out for Lithuana and Denmark, as they can ally each other and war you. - Triiozz
Not a very strong army, but is protected by Castille with the Historical Friend bonus. Starts off with an explorer, making it the best nation for colonisation. Be careful of Morocco and Tunis though. - Triiozz
Strong army and the strongest nation in Iberia. Navarra can easily be diplomatically vassalised. However, they are surrounded by three potential strong enemies: France, Aragon and Morocco. Iberian wedding event however allows for Aragon to enter a Personal Union with Castile. - Triiozz
The big blue blob. Although very strong, France is surrounded by England, Burgundy and Provence - all of which could potentially be a big problem. - Triiozz
Strong nation in India with many weak nations to prey on in the south. However, a major problem could be Bahmanis. - Triiozz
Starts off with Hejaz as a vassal and the opportunity to either diplomatically vassalise or conquer Dulkadir. However, Qara Qoyunlu and the Ottoman Empire are huge threats, and war with an expanded Ottoman Empire can destroy the Mamluks. - Triiozz
Can easily unite the British Isles and form Great Britain. However, the war of the roses is set to happen and France could declare war at any time. - Triiozz
Easy nation to play as, but has to manage the Holy Roman Empire. - Triiozz
Related ListsBest Countries to Play As In Europa Universalis IV Best Europa Universalis IV Mods Easiest Instruments to Play Top Ten Easiest Songs to Play On Guitar Easiest Songs to Play on Drums
List Stats
1 year, 53 days old
Top Remixes
2. Ottoman Empire
3. Muscovy