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I am driven to understand how people make sense of their own addiction
News on the genetics of addiction can crowd out information about its social and environmental context. Molly Dingel seeks to present addiction in its full, complicated web of causation.
Putting addiction into context
"Media portrayals of genetic addiction research do seem to shift our attention away from the social and environmental context." Molly Dingel, Associate Professor Click to tweet


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Monthly Archives: March 2017
Living The Revolution (2)
Where to place spiritual training in the academic curriculum, is among the renewed discussions currently highlighted all through the US. This debate has been motivated by developments planned to minimize provisions by providing a framework for religious schooling that can advance good practice in teaching and learning and alleviate a few of the points of coaching teachers and offering top quality resources when each local area might have a different syllabus for the subject. In religious training the method has always been thought to be significantly delicate, given the potential for controversy when there's a need to take account of more than one main spiritual custom and limited curriculum time out there. The principal purpose of training is to create men who're able to doing new things, not simply of repeating what different generations have achieved. Real training must ultimately be restricted to males who insist on realizingthe rest is …
Saving Tricks that Can Make Money Collecting Money Buy Laptop Use Alone
Laptops have become one of the gadgets that are used to support day-to-day activities. From the start homework and lectures, work in mobile, so just watching movies and browsing the sake of entertainment. However, prices are set for one laptop is also not cheap.
By doing this simple way guaranteed 8 you can buy their own laptops without the need to ask your parents. Curious how? Come, see the explanations!
1. Make a list of needs in a month. From here you can see any expenses that can be reduced.
The first thing to do is make a list of your needs during the next month. From here you can see anywhere that needs to be trimmed or possibly eliminated. For example, a meal at expensive places can be eliminated. Or the need to buy shoes and clothes less need to be trimmed. This way you so know how much …
Major Thinkers From The Enlightenment To The Present
This idea is additional supported by cooperation and collaborative studying strategies. The Teaching Philosophy coursework consists of workout routines in argument, reflection on private practice and designing a Philosophy for Children enquiry. Equal Opportunity in Education – Equal Opportunity in Education research papers discuss schooling for disabled college students since the days of Brown v. The Board of Education. The remaining philosophical training will be so extra stable and can make us positive about our scientific and formative venture. In the United States, usually, legal guidelines requiring attendance in faculties are unnecessary because it appears that most dad and mom notice the importance of an schooling.
Schools and Society – Schools and Society research papers delve into an order positioned for communications and households challenge for an training class. The inaugural Wall Street Journal/Times Higher Education ranking of U.S. schools placed Drake University at 149 in a list that includes …
Educational Leadership (2)
Educational journey can provide teachers and administrators a lift in thrilling many students about their tutorial classes. On the bases of whole analysis, we propose two sample Mission Statements of educational institutions. A visit to the U.S. Holocaust Museum might be extraordinarily educational especially if the students have studied this era in American history and/or read The Diary of Anne Frank in English class. Psychologists have studied the evolution and improvement of a kid's mind, as pioneered by Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget, by carefully observing kids. For educational events teach the youngsters a dance or do one thing with crafts. Unfortunately, some younger folks won't ever be able to take educational excursions with out involvement with their college. You can even read on the go together with the free Educational Leadership app in your iPad, iPhone, Kindle Fire, and Android tablets and smartphones. This article focuses on selecting the best …
ASHA Continuing Education (3)
View Students for educational and administrative insurance policies, essential dates, and providers and support related to new and current Chang School students. However, many persevering with education programs make heavy use of distance studying , which not solely consists of unbiased examine, however may embody videotaped / CD-ROM material, broadcast programming or Online Education which has more just lately dominated the distance studying community.
In it's latest higher training projection, the U.S. Department of Education's National Center for Education Statistics reported that the whole enrollment of students who're 35 years or older in degree granting establishments is anticipated to extend 7 {634b5631a487853c432e855b88a23a9564274290db2cb36f0f5f58e40ba7793c} between 2005 and 2016.
According to an annual report by Sloan Consortium, a bunch of organizations devoted to high quality online education, bad economic instances typically have a great impression on education. For instance, in case you are looking to make more cash, taking the appropriate programs may …


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|Главная » Видео » Спорт
GoPro HERO4: The Adventure of Life in 4K
Просмотры: 6 Virys
Описание материала:
All around the world GoPro users are capturing incredible experiences, from the heart-stopping to the heartfelt. Into the caldron of an active volcano, the neon streets of Japan, a refuge for wild mustangs, scaling an iceberg, the world's biggest dance party, or a whale rescue mission, GoPros have documented every moment. See how GoPro's new line of our most advanced cameras ever allow you to beautifully and authentically capture and share the experiences that bring purpose, adventure, and joy to your life.
Язык: Русский
Автор: GoPro


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St. Charles Community Unit District 303 schools are likely to undergo security enhancements this summer, changes that will include panic buttons intended to alert police to intruders.
Even before the fatal mass-shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary in Newtown, Conn. last December, District 303 officials had begun examining ways to beef up security at the district's 17 schools, said John Baird, assistant superintendent for operations. After the tragedy, administrators also solicited suggestions from teachers and other staff, leading to a list of about $304,000 in proposed improvements.


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it is necessary – a little dumbfounded, but without losing dignity Slavik said, exchanging of Tyoma firm handshake.
– Until tomorrow, my dear, – whispered the young goddess of his dazed from the experience handpicked, sneak licked his ear, fluttered, confidently took his arm and new beau led him away down the alley.
And these two events as the opening of the grave and the fire in the house where he spent the night today, it was easy to link and go to it.
In general, he decided to return to the cemetery and grave fill the earth.
Driving past a burning house, he turned to the other side – so it was creepy.
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The vitamins will not make you lose weight.
How much weight you lose depends on your gender, your height, and your current fitness level , how much exercise you do, and the total number of calories you consume each day.
Unfortunately, there really is no magic answer to weight loss.
There is no secret solution, no mystery.
Simple things you do can help tremendously.
Eat a healthy diet of about 1500 calories a day - you do need to learn to count calories to some degree, and there are tons of sites that will help you with that, as well as the labels on foods.
Start keeping a record everyday of what you eat, because we all usually tend to consume more calories than we think we do.
Eliminate ALL junk food, sodas, pop, sweets, fried foods, fast foods, fruit juices, and processed foods.
Everyday eat fruit, veggies, a few nuts, lean meat and fish, whole grain breads and cereals, low fat dairy products.
The many meal replacement products on the market can be a good tool to help you get started on a better eating plan.
Use them in the first week or two if you like to replace one meal a day.
Make sure you get one that has a good protein content.
Special K makes a protein shake and the Glucerna shakes have higher protein content.
Go for a brisk 45 minute walk twice a day if you can, everyday.
Climb lots of stairs.
Drink plenty of water.
If at all possible start a weight lifting/strength training program at a gym and get some instruction from the gym trainer.
It will work.
Here are a few sites that may help. http://www.myfitnesspal.com/ http://www.freedieting.com/tools/calorie... http://www.muscleandstrength.com/workout...


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Windows XP gives you several ways to connect to a computer remotely. If you're a business traveler on the road or a late sleeper working from home, for example, you can dial in from your laptop or home PC (the local computer) to the unattended, distant machine (the remote computer or host computer) in your office to access its files and resources. In this chapter, you'll learn three preferred remote-access techniques:
Traditional direct dialing connects to a faraway PC via phone lines, probably racking up monstrous toll charges.
Virtual private networking (VPN) lets you connect to a PC or network via the Internet, thus avoiding long-distance charges.
Remote Desktop lets you control an XP-Pro-using remote computer, whose desktop appears on your local PC's screen just as though you were sitting at the remote PC's keyboard.


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Which vacuum cleaner is the best? We get asked that question all the time. The fact is it depends on YOUR needs and YOUR situation. At GreatVacs we are experts at vacuum cleaners and carry all the best brands. We have rebuilt over 50,000 vacuum cleaners (all models) and we know vacuums. A FREE service that we offer is tell us about your situation and we would love to suggest something that you will LOVE. Put our expertise to work for you and get a vacuum or air purifier that is perfect for your needs.
Send us an email: email@example.com


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Introduction to Story in Ministry
The next course begins September 19, 2018. Register here. Sign up to receive notification of future course offerings here.
How well do you understand story? How well does your organization understand story? It has been said, "he who has the best story wins." But in reality, "the one who tells the best story wins." That person wins our attention, our interest and our loyalty. As Christ followers, we have the Greatest Story Ever Told. Yet we do not always tell it well. We rob God of His glory when we do not inspire people to consider the only Narrative that gives life abundant and eternal.
This is why we want to see a movement of God's people communicating timeless truth through story leading to life-change through Jesus.
Course Description
Story in Ministry is a five-week course that delves into the essential elements of story for those seeking to better communicate the message of Christ and kingdom whether your story application is oral, written or filmed.
Why We Need To Story Better
- God is the Great Storyteller. We need to be more like Him.
- Story is at our core, hardwired into our DNA.
- We steal from God's glory when we don't tell His stories well.
- For the sake of the Great Commission, the body of Christ must learn the art of story as it relates to evangelism, discipleship, and church planting.
- Learning the art of story will change how we live our stories, tell stories, write stories, film stories.
- If we don't tell our own story well, others will tell it for us.
Who is This Course For?
- Mission practitioners...people who are actively trying to reach and teach people in the way of Christ.
- Creatives with a missional heart seeking to better understand the art of story.
- Leaders of mission organizations, churches and ministries seeking to be more effective at reaching, teaching and leading.
What You'll Get From This Course
- A grasp of how story is at the center of the cosmos. Understand the importance - and urgency - of story for ministry effectiveness.
- Understand the core elements of story: character, problem, opposition.
- Learn how story applies to leadership, ministry, content creation and and reaching and teaching people for Christ.
- Experience a shift in thinking, see life and ministry through a new lens of story.
- Connect with an expert mentor.
- Take a story through the development process.
- Be prepared to train others in story fundamentals.
- Be prayed for once a week by a dedicated prayer partner.
Course Outcomes (By Module)
1. Story Overview: Foundations
- Students will know five reasons story is powerful
- Students will be intentional about four kinds of story: lived, told, written, filmed.
- Students will be able to identify the four elements of storytelling (character, problem, opposition, resolution).
2. Character Psychology 101
- Students will understand the difference between stories driven by concepts vs. stories driven by characters
- Students will learn key ideas about developing a main character.
- Students will learn principles for identifying stories from ministry and real life.
3. The 10 "Ones" of Storytelling
- Students will know how to use the "10 'Ones' of Storytelling."
4. Three-Act Structure/The 10 Crucial Story Moments
- Students will understand three-act story structure.
5. Story Pitches and Critiques
- Selected students will concisely pitch their stories in under one minute.
- Students will begin to learn how to graciously receive input from their peers.
Course Logistics
- A five-week, mentored experience beginning Wednesday, September 19, 2018. Each live session will be on Wednesday at 8:00 a.m. Pacific Standard Time (GMT -8.00, use this time zone converter). Live course dates: September 19, September 26, October 3, October 10, and October 17. Live sessions will be recorded for later review. To receive the course certificate, attendance at four live sessions is required.
- One hour weekly live classroom: After registration, you will receive a link for our Zoom video conferencing service that will require a plug-in for your computer. You may also download the Zoom app from the iTunes store or Google Play for a mobile device, but we strongly recommend using a computer for the best learning experience.
- Two hours of independent work: (reading, videos, projects) will be expected each week for a total of 3 hours per week.
- Web classroom: (using Haiku Learning) with materials, mentored discussion boards, and practical application assignments at each stage.
- Cost: You can use a credit card or PayPal account. An early registration discount is available. An additional discount is available to non-Westerners. Your registration is only guaranteed once you have paid for the course. To benefit from the team discount, you must get a promotional code by emailing Jaime Chambers (be sure to tell her which of the three categories below your team falls into). Here is the explanation of our tuition rationale.
$240 Standard ($200 per person if two or more register together as a team).
$200 Non-westerners working with a western organization that can help cover the cost ($180 per person if two or more register together as a team).
$100 Non-westerners not working with a western organization-limited to five per cohort ($80 per person if two or more register together).
An additional "early registration" discount of $20 is available to those who register and pay by September 9, 2018 (10 days before the course start date). For example, if you qualify for the standard registration of $240 but register with a teammate and register by September 9, your cost would be $180 per person.
Because we hold ourselves to a high standard, we are happy to offer a refund for anyone dissatisfied with the course. Here is our commitment to excellence.
- Registration: The next course is scheduled for September 19, 2018. Sign up to register here.
- Take the course as a team: The class will make the most impact if students take the course in small teams (2 or more students) to enable collaboration and immediate application in their ministry context.
- To receive a certificate of completion:
- Attend 4 of 5 live sessions.
- Do the preparation reading and viewing for each module.
- Complete all independent practice assignments for each module.
- Endorsements: See what students have said about the course in the past. (scroll down)
- Instructors: Jeremy Casper.
- Mentors: Jeremy Casper, Nancy Schraeder.


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Your cooling system probably has been the last thing on your mind as the days go from hot to cold. But, now is the time to take a look at it because spring returns because living in Texas; the winters don't last long and jump instantly jump into hot, sweltering days that never seem to end. This is where an air conditioning tune up would come into play. At Advantage Mechanical Services, our qualified Houston air conditioning technicians will take a look at your AC system and maintain it to prevent costly repairs.
The performance of a cooling system all depends on how much time and protection you put into it. Some people only put the minimum into their air conditioners and expect the most out of them while others who are keep-up with their units preserve them for long-term use.
Air Conditioning Tune Up Checklist
Our HVAC contractors in Houston go through a 21-point checklist during a maintenance tune up for your cooling system. It includes such tasks as the following:
Importance of Preventative HVAC Maintenance
Scheduled maintenance for you cooling system can make the home more bearable during those hot summer days. Maintenance can also help lower your utility bills. Paying smaller utility bills allows your money to be focused other things.
Lifespan of Cooling System
When you consider the average lifespan of a cooling lasting anywhere from 10-15 years, it is not enough time to get to know it well enough. Regular inspections though will help your air conditioner become efficient.
Types of Air Conditioning Systems
There are many options for air conditioners for the home nowadays. It is important to be careful when choosing the right one for the home because that will account for the type of cool air running throughout as well as the cost to operate it.
Lowering Energy Bills
One of the biggest rewards that you will find with a regularly scheduled tune-up for the air conditioner is lower energy bills. It really comes as a surprise because it is the last thing on your mind. Most of the time it is preserving a system or just keeping it running that entices you to schedule one.If you're in the market for an air conditioning tune up in Houston; look no further than Advantage Mechanical Services. We'll help maintain the right level of coolness in the home and keep your family from sweating to death. It's what you can do to prevent health problems, for seniors and children, too.
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Two or three years back, I was looking for good splitting axe for my summer vacation home. I have some friends who heat their houses with fireplace, so I got a lot of good advice, but I also wanted to look up opinions online. I read a lot of splitting maul reviews and ended up choosing Fiskars X27. I think this is the best choice I've ever made, and let me explain why.
First of all, the quality of the product is great. I've had mine for two years, and after two years of use, there was a very tiny hole in the handle. It didn't really bother me much, but I figured I would try calling Fiskars to figure out the details of my replacement warranty. Usually, when I call companies to remind them of their replacement warranties, there's a lot of back and forth and annoying details that are so boring that I always fall asleep on the phone. That was not the case with Fiskars though. As soon as I reached them, the customer support guy was very nice and helpful, and they sent me my new splitting axe within a few minutes. I was pleasantly surprised that I would end up with two working axes. And figuring that I wouldn't need two, I gave the new one to my father in law, who had just broken his splitting axe and was looking for one.
And it's not just durability. Fiskars X27 is very sharp and efficient as well. All logs I tried to split, were split instantly. I've had it for like three and a half years now, and I haven't sharpened it once. I might need to do it in few years down the line, but five years without sharpening is still very impressive.
The only disadvantage I can think of, is probably the weight and length. Fiskars X27 is longer and heavier than usual splitting axes, which can be a deal breaker for some people. They even explicitly say in their amazon product description that the axe is intended for tall men. Which is polite way to say that you shouldn't buy unless you're strong enough to wield it. But height is important aspect as well. Short guys shouldn't buy long splitting mauls, as it defeats the purpose of buying one in the first place. I'm six feet myself and wielding this Fiskars feels very natural to me. I do get exhausted sometimes, so perhaps I should look into getting one of those automatic log splitters. But I still haven't decided, so for now, I will stick with my splitting axe.


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The Human Givens Foundation exists to promote the understanding of and access to established knowledge about the 'givens' of human nature and to help people and communities thrive by raising support for projects that further the practical application of these organising ideas within mental health, the family, education and the workplace.
Thursday, 21 June 2012
Saturday, 16 June 2012
Shades of Grief: When Does Mourning Become a Mental Illness?
The new edition of a psychiatric manual called DSM-5 tackles what to do when mourning becomes complicated or leads to depression
By Virginia Hughes | June 7, 2011 SciAm M&BSooner or later most of us suffer deep grief over the death of someone we love. The experience often causes people to question their sanity—as when they momentarily think they have caught sight of their loved one on a crowded street. Many mourners ponder, even if only abstractedly, their reason for living. But when are these disturbing thoughts and emotions normal—that is to say, they become less consuming and intense with the passage of time—and when do they cross the line to pathology, requiring ongoing treatment with powerful antidepressants or psychotherapy, or both?
Two proposed changes in the "bible" of psychiatric disorders—the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)—aim to answer that question when the book's fifth edition comes out in 2013. One change expected to appear in the DSM-5 reflects a growing consensus in the mental health field; the other has provoked great controversy.
In the less controversial change, the manual would add a new category: Complicated Grief Disorder, also known as traumatic or prolonged grief. The new diagnosis refers to a situation in which many of grief's common symptoms—such as powerful pining for the deceased, great difficulty moving on, a sense that life is meaningless, and bitterness or anger about the loss—last longer than six months. The controversial change focuses on the other end of the time spectrum: it allows medical treatment for depression in the first few weeks after a death. Currently the DSM specifically bars a bereaved person from being diagnosed with full-blown depression until at least two months have elapsed from the start of mourning.
Those changes matter to patients and mental health professionals because the manual's definitions of mental illness determine how people are treated and, in many cases, whether the therapy is paid for by insurance. The logic behind the proposed revisions, therefore, merits a further look.
Abnormal Grief
The concept of pathological mourning has been around since Sigmund Freud, but it began receiving formal attention more recently. In several studies of widows with severe, long-lasting grief in the 1980s and 1990s, researchers noticed that antidepressant medications relieved such depressive feelings as sadness and worthlessness but did nothing for other aspects of grief, such as pining and intrusive thoughts about the deceased. The finding suggested that complicated grief and depression arise from different circuits in the brain, but the work was not far enough along to make it into the current, fourth edition of the DSM, published in 1994. In the 886-page book, bereavement is relegated to just one paragraph and is described as a symptom that "may be a focus of clinical attention." Complicated grief is not mentioned.
Over the next few years other studies revealed that persistent, consuming grief may, in and of itself, increase the risk of other illnesses, such as heart problems, high blood pressure and cancer. Holly G. Prigerson, one of the pioneers of grief research, organized a meeting of loss experts in Pittsburgh in 1997 to hash out preliminary criteria for what she and her colleagues saw as an emerging condition, which they termed traumatic grief. Their view of its defining features: an intense daily yearning and preoccupation with the deceased. In essence, it is the inability to adjust to life without that person, notes Mardi J. Horowitz, professor of psychiatry at the University of California, San Francisco, and another early researcher of the condition. Prigerson, then an assistant professor at the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in Pittsburgh, hoped the meeting would begin the process of finding enough evidence to support changing the DSM. "We knew that grief predicted a lot of bad outcomes—over and above depression and anxiety—and thought it was worthy of clinical attention in its own right," says Prigerson, now a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.
A spate of studies since then—not only of widows but of parents who had lost a child, tsunami survivors and others—has further confirmed and refined that initial description. In 2008 researchers got their first hint of what complicated grief disorder looks like at the neurological level. Mary-Frances O'Connor of U.C.L.A. scanned the brains of women who had lost their mother or a sister to cancer within the past five years. She compared the results of women who had displayed typical grief with those suffering from prolonged, unabated mourning. When, while inside the scanner, the study participants looked at images of the deceased or words associated with the death, both groups showed a burst of activity in neurological circuits known to be involved in pain. The women with prolonged grief, however, also showed a unique neural signature: increased activity in a nub of tissue called the nucleus accumbens. This area, part of the brain's reward center, also lights up on imaging scans when addicts look at photographs of drug paraphernalia and when mothers see pictures of their newborn infant. That does not mean that the women were addicted to their feelings of grief but rather that they still felt actively attached to the deceased. Meanwhile clinical studies have shown that a combination of cognitive therapy approaches used to treat major depression and post-traumatic stress may help some people with complicated grief work through it.
As these and other studies began to pile up, a few researchers turned to complex statistical analysis to validate more precisely the exact combination of features that define the condition. In 2009, more than 10 years after the Pittsburgh panel, Prigerson published data collected from nearly 300 grievers she had followed for more than two years. By analyzing which of some two dozen psychological symptoms tend to cluster together in these participants, she devised the criteria for complicated grief: the mandatory presence of daily yearning plus five out of nine other symptoms for longer than six months after a death [see box at right]. This is exactly the type of rigorous, quantitative study that is needed before a condition makes it into the DSM. "People who meet the criteria for complicated grief do not necessarily meet criteria for either depression or post-traumatic stress disorder," says Katherine Shear, a professor of psychiatry at Columbia University. "If you didn't have this disorder [in the DSM], then those people would not get treatment at all."
Controversial Treatment
The case for diagnosing people as depressed and treating them accordingly when they are still newly bereaved is more contentious. Although some symptoms of grief and depression overlap (sadness, insomnia), the two conditions are thought to be distinct. Grief is tied to a particular event, for example, whereas the origins of a bout of clinical depression are often more obscure. Antidepressants do not ease the longing for the deceased that grievers feel. So in most cases, treating grieving people for depression is ineffective.
A few studies, however, have suggested that mourning may trigger depression in the same way that other major stresses—such as being raped or losing one's job—can bring about the condition. If so, some people who grieve may also be clinically depressed. It seems unfair, advocates of changing the DSM argue, to make mourners wait so long for medical help when anyone else can be treated for depression after just two weeks of consistent depression. "On the basis of scientific evidence, they're just like anybody else with depression," says Kenneth S. Kendler, a member of the DSM-5 Mood Disorder Work Group, which reviews all proposed changes to the manual related to anxiety, depression and bipolar disorder (a condition characterized by extreme mood swings). It is for this reason that the group recently suggested deleting the clause that specifies a two-month wait before mourners can receive a diagnosis of, and therefore treatment for, depression.
Critics of the move counter that it will lead to unwarranted diagnoses and overtreatment. "It's a disastrous and foolish idea," says Allen Frances, who chaired the task force that produced the fourth edition of the DSM. He worries about how the DSM-5 may be used by sales representatives from pharmaceutical companies to urge doctors to write more prescriptions. Indeed, Frances believes that changes in the edition that he oversaw inadvertently sparked an unwarranted explosion of diagnoses for bipolar disorder in children. Prigerson, for her part, predicts a general backlash against the idea that mourners might ever need psychiatric treatment. "There will be vitriolic debates when the public fully appreciates the fact that the DSM is pathologizing the death of a loved one within two weeks," she says.
In many ways, parsing the differences between normal grief, complicated grief and depression reflects the fundamental dilemma of psychiatry: mental disorders are diagnosed using subjective criteria and are usually an extension of a normal state. So any definition of where normal ends and abnormal begins will be the object of strongly held opinions. As Frances says, "There is no bright line—it is always going to be a matter of judgment."
Is there a way we all grieve? Claudia Hammond interviews Ruth Davies Konigsberg All in the Mind, Radio 4, 14.06.11
Is there a way we all grieve? The five stages of grief - denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance were proposed more than forty years ago by the psychiatrist Elizabeth Kubler-Ross and are now taught across the world. But with little evidence that these stages are what people really experience when they are bereaved - how did they become so popular and what research has been done into the process of grief?
Text of interview
Claudia Hammond (CH): When a person's bereaved we're told they will go through a grief process that consists of five stages: Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression and then finally Acceptance. These stages were proposed more than 40 years ago by psychiatrist Elizabeth Kubler-Ross. The stages have become so well-known that they're now taught across the world and have even made it into popular culture with appearances in the Simpsons and The Office. Damien Hurst even did a series of paintings called DABDA named after the acronym for the stages. But despite 40 years of fame, there's surprisingly little evidence that these are the experiences people really have when they're grieving. Ruth Davies Konigsberg has looked in depth at this subject and is the author of The Truth About Grief. I asked her what the concept behind the stages is.
Ruth Davies Konigsberg (RDK): The sort of overarching idea behind the stages, of course, is that you need to go through them in order to come out the other side: as painful as it might be it's beneficial in the end to have that whole experience. And you need to take your time to go through them. They were always conceived of as being sequential, so that one always has to follow the other – you can't just skip them and go straight to depression for example or acceptance; they are all necessary steps along the, quote/ unquote, 'journey' of grief.
CH: And how did the idea of these stages of grief come about?
RDK: Well, Elizabeth Kubler-Ross popularised the notion of the five stages, although they'd been brewing in the social sciences a little bit. What Kubler-Ross did, she applied them to one's own death and that was how they were originally conceived in her own book, On Death and Dying, that was published in 1969. She was very interested in 'end of life issues' and to her credit she brought a lot of attention to these issues and she was doing revolutionary interviews with dying patients at the University of Chicago which she then turned into her theory about how one goes through these stages when one is facing one's own death.
CH: What evidence is there to support the idea that you do go from denial to anger to bargaining to depression and finally get to this acceptance stage?
RDK: Very little. In fact what the evidence shows, and there's some very interesting studies being done where people who were bereaved were actually interviewed on a daily basis, and the fluctuations are very vast on a day to day basis. And they are probably vast even hour to hour. So the experiences are very up and down. You may experience some of the emotions that are described in some of those stages but they certainly don't go in any kind of progression, and moreover you don't have to experience them in order to grieve successfully.
CH: So I suppose with something like anger, you might feel angry if you blame someone else for the death, but if an older relative dies at the end of their life, anger might not be something you feel.
RDK: Absolutely. You might feel angry, you might feel depression, you might feel a whole bunch of different things – the checklist of grief symptoms is very long. And moreover you might feel angry one minute and have happy memories the next. So it's very up and down and it's much less predictable than the Stages might have you believe.
CH: So why do you think this idea has taken hold and has persisted for so many decades if it doesn't actually fit in with what people's real experiences are?
RDK: It's very sort of appealing in a way – it's very neat and tidy and again it helps practitioners because it gives them a sense of something they can tell their clients or tell people who are bereaved. And the other thing is that there's always confirmation bias: once those stages were out there, people would remember, of course, or take into account when they are experiencing one of the so-called stages, but disregard when they're not. So it shows the power of theories and how once a theory gets popularised they become self-perpetuating.
CH: Does it matter if it's not quite what happens if it still gives people some idea of the huge, overwhelming range of emotions that people can feel?
RDK: Well, it matters only for those who don't experience it. It's very reassuring for people who do maybe experience some of the emotions, but it's also very stigmatising for people who don't. So that's where it becomes harmful, I think: if it doesn't line up with what you're actually experiencing you might feel you are grieving incorrectly or there's something wrong with you or you're in denial and you need help. So that's where it becomes problematic.
CH: So what research has been done into how people do actually grieve? What can we tell people for how they do it – is there an average length for grieving and then moving on?
RDK: One thing you always hear is that everyone's grief is unique and there is no timeline for grief. But there actually have been quantitative studies where some patterns have emerged. George Bonanno up at Columbia University has been doing some work looking at widows and widowers and what he found was that for people whose spouses died of natural causes that for the most part, the majority of people, their most intense symptoms seemed to abate by about six months. And that it's really a small minority, probably about 10 to 15 percent of people, who have really prolonged difficulties. And that's probably past a year where, if you're still having a hard time and really unable to function, where you still haven't got back on your feet. Those people are now what physicians consider to be suffering from 'complicated grief'.
CH: That sounds like quite a low percentage who actually have real, long-lasting difficulty with it. You talk in your book about the extent of grief counselling that's on offer in the United States. Would you say that we are pathologising grief, when for many people it's just a very normal process?
RDK: Yes, I think there is that tendency. The idea that everyone should see a counsellor certainly I think is an overreach. What the research has shown is that the small percentage who are having the hardest time are obviously the ones who really can be helped by bereavement interventions. So for everybody else, grief more or less gets better with time on its own. When you compare people who had interventions, whether it's support groups or individual counselling, with the group of people who didn't have interventions, both get better in the same amount of time. So what that means is that counselling for the majority of people doesn't measurably benefit the recipients.
And I think another thing that the Stages did was that they actually lengthened our expectations of grief, of how long it's supposed to last. And so now certainly I think, although there are double standards in this in terms of gender, one thing that the Stages have done is lengthened our expectations. Grief can be very hard on some people and on others it isn't so hard. It's definitely something that we seem to have a natural resilience to be able to handle.
The other thing is that when I say that symptoms of grief alleviate by a certain time or what have you, I certainly don't mean that those bereaved people still don't miss their lost loved one – it doesn't mean you're a cold person if you're back on your feet and able to smile or laugh. People still think and feel about their lost loved one for years and years and years. But that's not grief. Loss is for ever, but thankfully, grief is not.
CH: Ruth Davies Konigsberg.
Two Big Myths about Grief People are not always devastated by a death and should be allowed to recover in their way By Hal Arkowitz and Scott O. Lilienfeld | January 5, 2012
Virtually all of us experience the loss of a loved one at some point in our life. So it is surprising that the serious study of grief is not much more than 30 years old. Yet in that time, we have made significant discoveries that have deepened our understanding of this phenomenon—and challenged widely held assumptions.
In this column, we confront two common misconceptions about grief. The first is that the bereaved inevitably experience intense symptoms of distress and depression. The second is that unless those who have experienced the death of a loved one "work through" their feelings about the loss, they will surely experience delayed grief reactions, in which strong emotions may be triggered by events unrelated to the loss, even long after it occurred. As we will show, neither belief holds up well to scientific scrutiny.
Bouncing Back
Most people believe that distress and depression almost always follow the death of someone close, according to psychologists Camille B. Wortman of Stony Brook University and Kathrin Boerner of Mount Sinai School of Medicine. Symptoms of distress include yearning for the deceased, feeling that life has lost its meaning, having anxiety about the future and experiencing shock at the loss. Depression involves feeling sad and self-critical, having suicidal thoughts, lacking energy, and undergoing disturbed appetite and sleep.
To examine this belief, several groups of investigators tracked bereaved people, mostly widows and widowers, for up to five years. Results revealed that between 26 and 65 percent had no significant symptoms in the initial years after their loss; only 9 to 41 percent did. (The variability results partly from differences in how the symptoms were measured.) And the depression of some may be chronic rather than a reaction to the death.
Psychologist George A. Bonanno of Columbia University and his colleagues examined this possibility and other questions in a prospective study published in 2002. They followed about 1,500 elderly married individuals over several years. During that time 205 subjects lost a spouse, after which the investigators continued to track them for 18 months. Surprisingly, about half of the bereaved spouses experienced no significant depression either before or after the loss. Nor did they display serious distress, although some did feel sad for a short time. Eight percent of the participants were depressed before losing his or her partner—and stayed that way. For about 10 percent—individuals who had reported being very unhappy in their marriage—the death actually brought relief from preexisting depression.
The spouse's death did precipitate depression in 27 percent. Of these individuals, a substantial proportion (about 11 percent of the total) started improving after six months and became symptom-free within 18 months. The rest of that subgroup did not get better—but even so, more than 70 percent of the study's participants neither developed depression nor became more depressed as a result of their spouse's demise. (The small number of remaining subjects fit various other patterns.) These results tell a clear story, at least where an elderly partner is concerned: most people are resilient and do not become seriously depressed or distressed when someone close to them dies.
Working It Out
In her 1980 book The Courage to Grieve, social worker Judy Tatelbaum wrote that after the death of a loved one "we must thoroughly experience all the feelings evoked by our loss," and if we don't "problems and symptoms of unsuccessful grief" will occur. The idea that people need to work through grief originated with Sigmund Freud and is still pervasive. It usually includes expressing feelings about the loss, reviewing memories about the deceased and finding meaning in the loss. According to this view, those who do not explore their emotions will suffer the consequences later.
Yet grief work may be unnecessary for the large proportion of people who do not become significantly distraught after a loss. And when researchers have tested the common grief-work techniques of writing or talking about the death, some have found small benefits for the procedures, but most have not. In addition, the jury is still out on grief counseling, in which professionals or peers try to facilitate the working-through process. Results from two quantitative reviews of the efficacy of such therapy found no significant gains from it, and a third found just a modest positive effect. One caveat: the benefits might be slightly greater than these studies indicate because most of the subjects were recruited by the researchers, and these individuals may be less in need of counseling than those who seek help.
Finally, two teams of researchers followed bereaved persons, including spouses, adult children and parents, for up to five years after their loss and found little or no evidence of a delayed grief reaction. When such reactions have been found, they occur only in a very small percentage of the bereaved. Thus, the overall risk of reexperiencing a flood of negative emotions appears to be quite minimal.
Given that most people who have experienced the death of a loved one show few signs of distress or depression, many bereaved individuals may need no particular advice or help. The few who experience intense and lasting despair may benefit from interventions, although traditional grief counseling may not be the best choice. Instead people might consider seeking empirically supported psychotherapies for depression [see "The Best Medicine?" by Hal Arkowitz and Scott O. Lilienfeld; Scientific American Mind, October/November 2007].
That said, our conclusions are based largely on studies of Caucasian American widows and widowers. We cannot say for sure that they extend to people of all ages, ethnicities and genders. In addition, reactions to a loss may depend on a person's relationship to the deceased—be it a parent, sibling or child—as well as whether the death was sudden, violent or drawn out. The consequences of these varying perspectives and circumstances have yet to be carefully explored.
Nevertheless, we can confidently say that just as people live their lives in vastly different ways, they cope with the death of others in disparate ways, too. Despite what some pop-psychology gurus tell us, grief is not a one-size-fits-all experience
Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder Is Often Flawed
True sufferers are often troubled—and yet time and treatment can often improve their lives
By Scott O. Lilienfeld and Hal Arkowitz | January 4, 2012This past June renowned clinical psychologist Marsha M. Linehan of the University of Washington made a striking admission. Known for her pioneering work on borderline personality disorder (BPD), a severe and intractable psychiatric condition, 68-year-old Linehan announced that as an adolescent, she had been hospitalized for BPD. Suicidal and self-destructive, the teenage Linehan had slashed her limbs repeatedly with knives and other sharp objects and banged her head violently against the hospital walls. The hospital's discharge summary in 1963 described her as "one of the most disturbed patients in the hospital." Yet despite a second hospitalization, Linehan eventually improved and earned a Ph.D. from Chicago's Loyola University in 1971.
Many psychologists and psychiatrists were taken aback by Linehan's courageous admission, which received high-profile coverage in the New York Times. Part of their surprise almost surely stemmed from an uncomfortable truth: people with BPD are often regarded as hopeless individuals, destined to a life of emotional misery. They are also frequently viewed as so disturbed that they cannot possibly achieve success in everyday life. As a consequence, highly accomplished individuals such as Linehan do not fit the stereotypical mold of a former BPD sufferer. But as Linehan's case suggests, much of the intense pessimism and stigma surrounding this disorder are unjustified. Indeed, few psychological disorders are more mischaracterized or misunderstood.
Fuzzy Borders
New York psychoanalyst Adolf Stern coined the term "borderline" in 1938, believing this condition to lie on the murky "border" between neurosis and psychosis. The term was a misnomer because BPD bears little relation to most psychotic disorders. The name may have perpetuated a widespread misimpression that the disorder applies to people on the edge of psychosis, who have at best a tenuous grasp of reality. Not surprisingly, the popular conception of BPD, shaped by such films as the 1987 movie Fatal Attraction (featuring actress Glenn Close as a woman with the condition), is that of individuals who often act in bizarre and violent ways.
An error committed by some clinicians is presuming that patients who do not respond well to treatment or who are resistant to therapists' suggestions are frequently "borderlines." Some mental health workers even seem to habitually attach the label "borderline" to virtually any client who is extremely difficult to deal with. As Harvard University psychiatrist George Valliant observed in a 1992 article, the BPD diagnosis often reflects clinicians' frustrated responses to challenging patients.
In reality, BPD is meant to apply to a specific subgroup of individuals who are emotionally and interpersonally unstable. Indeed, Linehan has argued that a better name for the condition is "emotion dysregulation disorder." Much of the everyday life of individuals with BPD is an emotional roller coaster. Their moods often careen wildly from normal to sad or hostile at the slightest provocation. As Linehan pointed out in a 2009 interview with Time magazine, "Borderline individuals are the psychological equivalent of third-degree-burn patients. They simply have, so to speak, no emotional skin." Their perceptions of other people are inconsistent, and they often vacillate between worshipping their romantic partners one day and detesting them the next. Their identity is similarly unstable; patients may lack a clear sense of who they are. And their impulse control is poor; they are prone to explosive displays of anger toward others—and themselves. [For more on the symptoms, causes and treatment of BPD, see "When Passion Is the Enemy," by Molly Knight Raskin; Scientific American Mind, July/August 2010.]
Further fuelling the stigma attached to BPD is the assumption that nearly all individuals who engage in self-cutting, such as wrist slashing, are so-called borderlines. In fact, in a 2006 study of 89 hospitalized adolescents who engaged in cutting and related forms of nonsuicidal self-injury, Harvard psychologist Matthew Nock and his colleagues found that 48 percent did not meet criteria for BPD. The lion's share of these individuals exhibited other personality disorders, such as avoidant personality disorder, which is associated with a pronounced fear of rejection.
Once Borderline Always Borderline?
Two allied myths about BPD are that patients virtually never improve over time and are essentially untreatable. Yet a number of recent studies indicate that many patients with BPD shed their diagnoses after several years. In a 2006 investigation, for example, psychologists C. Emily Durbin and Daniel N. Klein, both then at Stony Brook University, found that although 16 percent of 142 psychiatrically disturbed adults initially met criteria for BPD, only 7 percent did after a decade. Moreover, the average levels of BPD symptoms in the sample declined significantly over time. Work by psychologist Timothy J. Trull and his colleagues at the University of Missouri–Columbia similarly suggests that many young adults who display some features of BPD do not exhibit these features after only a two-year period, indicating that early signs of BPD often abate.
BPD is not easy to treat. Yet Linehan has shown that an intervention she calls "dialectical behavior therapy" (DBT) is modestly helpful to many sufferers of the condition. DBT encourages clients to accept their painful emotions while acknowledging that they are unhealthy and need help. It teaches patients specific coping skills, such as mindfulness (observing their own thoughts and feelings nonjudgmentally), tolerating distress and mastering negative emotions. Controlled studies, reviewed by Duke University psychologist Thomas R. Lynch and his colleagues in 2007, indicate that DBT somewhat reduces the suicidal and self-destructive behaviors of patients. Lynch and his collaborators also found that DBT may lessen feelings of hopelessness and other symptoms of depression. Still, DBT is not a panacea, and no clear evidence exists that DBT can stabilize patients' identity or relationships. Preliminary but promising data suggest that certain medications, including such mood stabilizers as Valproate, can alleviate the interpersonal and emotional volatility that characterize BPD, according to a 2010 review by psychiatrist Klaus Lieb of University Medical Center in Mainz, Germany, and his colleagues.
A Continuing Challenge
Not all BPD patients improve on their own or with treatment, and even those who do typically continue to battle the demons of emotional and interpersonal volatility. Nevertheless, the extreme negative views of this condition are undeserved, as is the mislabeling of a wide swath of the psychiatric population as borderline. It is also undeniable that many clinicians must become more judicious in their use of the BPD label and avoid attaching it to virtually any patient who is oppositional or unresponsive to treatment.
Fortunately, there is room for cautious optimism. As psychiatrist Len Sperry of Barry University noted in a 2003 review, BPD is the most researched of all personality disorders, a fact that remains true today. The fruits of that work promise to yield an improved understanding of BPD, which may reduce the stigma surrounding this widely misunderstood diagnosis. If so, perhaps the day will soon come when successful people who once struggled with BPD, such as Marsha Linehan, are no longer perceived as exceptions that prove the rule.
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NSL has issued a parking ticket on Ballards Lane outside Tesco last week (11 July), despite the motorist, Jenny Halfon, displaying a parking permit purchased from East Finchley Library.
It seems the NSL Civic Enforcement Officer did not recognise the validity of the paper permit issued by the library, fuelling concerns from Labour councillors about the training of staff employed by NSL.
Only 30 per cent of residents are satisfied with parking services in Barnet, yet Conservative councillors running the local authority forced through an eighteen month extension to the NSL contract in May, which Labour councillors voted against.
Cllr Arjun Mittra said:
Jenny Halfon said: "Barnet parking must ensure that they get it right and stop victimising innocent motorists by realising that honesty is the best policy!"
- For details of the parking satisfaction figures see p12 here: http://barnet.moderngov.co.uk/documents/s32130/Appendix%20A%20-%20Corporate%20Plan%20Performance%20Q4%20FINAL.pdf
- Details of the 15 KPI failure see p3 of the parking and infrastructure Q4 report here: https://www.barnet.gov.uk/citizen-home/council-and-democracy/policy-and-performance/Council-Performance-Indicators-2015-16-Quarter-4.html
- Details of the parking appeals figures can be found on p19 here: http://barnet.moderngov.co.uk/documents/s32131/Appendix%20B%20-%20Service%20Performance%20Q4%20FINAL.pdf
- Details of the NSL parking contract extension can be found here: http://www.barnetlabour.org.uk/labour_secures_agreement_to_look_at_bringing_parking_enforcement_in_house
For more information contact Cllr Arjun Mittra: email@example.com
To contact the Barnet Labour Group: 020 8359 2568


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When to light a candle
Suzanne Anderson:
Posted on Friday, May 10, 2013 12:52 PM
The events of the past few days have left me wondering about our world. Three young women held hostage and tortured for ten years in a basement- in Cleveland, Ohio? By a bus driver? This world seems filled up with madness and it sometimes seems like it just keeps on coming.
I am not a counselor, but I play one on TV
My many years as a massage therapist have helped me listen to others very deeply. I have taken myself to therapy several times, sometimes for years at a time, in order to become my more authentic self. It is wonderful work and I am thankful for it. One thing I have learned in all that time is that things that are overwhelming need to be put in some sort of container.
The mind is going to worry
It is the nature of the mind to have a problem. It always has a problem. That is not something that is likely to change any time soon. But we can direct that worry. The beauty of worry is that it is just energy, just like anything else. It is thought spinning its wheels. If we let those spinning wheels have some direction, then they might actually get us somewhere.
Time to light a candle
Each day, I spend an hour or two on my computer, either typing up blog posts or watching Netflix or just surfing. I have a candle behind me on my altar. Now, for that hour or two that I am on the computer, I light that candle. I put all the worries I have into it- whether it be someone I love who is ill, or who has lost someone special or some world event. I let that hour or two have an element of prayer and wishing the best for the situations and people that I put into the candle. You can bet those three girls and that little girl- and even that man who held them hostage- will be in that candle tonight.
And then it's bedtime
At bedtime, I blow the candle out, asking the best for all those I have wished for. The smell of the candle wafts up to my nose, I see the smoke lift up toward heaven, and I know I will light it again tomorrow. In this way I find some peace. I turn off the light, climb into bed, and I sleep.
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I put all the worries I have into it- whether it be someone I love who is ill, or who has lost someone special or some world event. I let that hour or two have an element of prayer and wishing the best for the situations and people that I put into the candle. You can bet those three girls and that little girl- and even that man who held them hostage- will be in that candle tonight.
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on Friday, October 25, 2013 12:01 AM
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on Wednesday, October 22, 2014 4:12 PM
setting together fences in addition to gateways for the piece will for me personally manage every single modest detail Sometimes instantly a lot more fantastic not to mention even
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Communication is an essential part of the document creation process when working alongside a team. PandaDoc lets you collaborate with both team members and recipients to improve communication and speed any negotiations. Comments can be posted and shared in a public or private setting.
Public or private comments: Pandadoc enables flexible communication as comments can be public or private. Comments are set to private by default.
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text: Born To DareLions Series2017The DHL New ZealandLions Series 2017As an extension of its commitment with the All Blacks, Tudor is proud to be Official Sponsor of the DHL New Zealand Lions Series 2017, an international rugby Series like no other. Every four years, the best rugby players in England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales, combine to become the British and Irish Lions team and tour one of the Southern Hemisphere rugby nations. In 2017, they will be challenging the most successful national team in the history of professional rugby, the All Blacks. In a series of 10 matches in seven cities over five weeks, the Lions will take on a provincial Barbarians side, New Zealand's five Super Rugby teams, the Māori All Blacks and finally the legendary All Blacks.On June the 24th, the British and Irish Lions will meet the All Blacks in the first of their three Tests at Eden Park, Auckland's legendary rugby stadium, and face their mighty haka. They will be 18,000 km from home, supported by their 20,000-strong army of supporters, but will not only be facing the All Blacks but also the 4.5 million residents in the rugby-worshiping nation of New Zealand.Schedule3 June 2017 :NZ Provincial Barbarians > Toll Stadium, Whangarei7 June 2017 :Blues > Eden Park, Auckland10 June 2017 :Crusaders > AMI Stadium, Christchurch13 June 2017 :Highlanders > Forsyth Barr Stadium, Dunedin17 June 2017 :Maori All Blacks > Rotorua International Stadium, Rotorua20 June 2017 :Chiefs > FMG Stadium Waikato, Hamilton24 June 2017 :All Blacks > Eden Park, Auckland27 June 2017 :Hurricanes > Westpac Stadium, Wellington1 July 2017 :All Blacks > Westpac Stadium, Wellington8 July 2017 :All Blacks > Eden Park, AucklandALL BLACKS'SELECTION41 mm PVD steel caseSteel bracelet41 mm PVD steel caseAged leather strap


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Retooling the press law
The Bahraini Press and Publications Law number 47 of 2002 has been contentious since the day it was promulgated. It has gone through a couple of revisions, one of them unwritten when the prime minister ordered a freeze on journalists' imprisonment, but it fell far short from what journalists and writers were striving for.
The Shura Council put in an alternative law which has been lauded by many that it is the law under which journalists and opinion writers would be comfortable working under as it is fairer and removed the very damaging link between it – the press law – and the Penal Code, and removed all possibilities of the journalists sent to jail due to their writings.
The king spoke against the current Press and Publications law twice, once when he was inaugurating the parliamentary term and the other time more directly on the occasion of the World Press Freedom Day a couple of days ago. With this level of political pressure, it was no surprise that wheels were put immediately into motion; but what motion it is!
In its weekly session held yesterday, the Cabinet declared that no journalist or writer is to be imprisoned for publishing their opinions. Wonderful! But even though I did not personally read the proposed amendments they sent to Parliament for discussion and ratification, I do not see any mention of the untying of the Press and Publications law and the Penal Code. In fact, what I do see is that this is the exact same thwarting law, but in a different guise:
The amendment seeks to shield those who exercise their right to freedom of expression from punishment as long as they preserve the political system's privacy and fundamentals, the Kingdoms heritage and general decency. – Bahrain Tribune
Sorry? What does that bit about the as long as mean? To me – and I might be completely mistaken here – it means that nothing has changed, and nothing will change. And when you consider that on the very same day the cabinet sent its "amended" Law to the Parliament, the Shura Council finally sent its version – which is arguably much better than the Cabinet's efforts – to Parliament too. The Parliamentary by-laws are quite clear, they give precedence to government initiated laws – thereby – negating or at least infinitely delaying the Shura Council's efforts ever coming to light.
So my advice to you guys is to not to start jumping up and down in happiness at this new development by the Cabinet. The "gotchas" in it are actually much more severe than even the older iteration.
It makes me really wonder – once again – if the government, represented by the Cabinet, is doing its damnest to thwart the wishes of the king of the land, on purpose!
Filed in: Human Rights • Politics
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I have a question Mahmood, which after reading your blog has baffled me further.
What liberties are expected in journalism? If the "as long as" did not exist, whether in it's exact context or expressed differently. Don't you think that we will end up with people slagging off others, libel suits, deframation, and last but not least crossing the journalism boundries with writings about Allah and the Holy Prophets which will ultimately lead to further secterian issues (which we all know is there). So I don't quite understand your point, nor the funn or fuss about this new law.
One last thing… Who and How will offenders be held accountable for their so-called "freedoms of expression"?
I mean can I start a blog and just dedicate my life to writing about you, true or false or assumptious, who is there is define that fine line. On the other hand, what "peace of mind" do you have that whatever I write or express, is that exact image of you, and not fabricated to ruin you. Or is it considered as my freedom of expression?
I wish you would enlighten me…
Thanks Mahmood, and Yes I totally agree with you. But can you get compensated for damage already done, plus when you mention strong religions and criticism you wil find a few headless chickens babling about religion without even knowing their facts..
Thanks for the enlightenment all the same..
"It makes me really wonder – once again – if the government, represented by the Cabinet, is doing its damnest to thwart the wishes of the king of the land, on purpose!"
or could it simply be good cop-bad cop?
btw,you're not a citizen, you're a subject.


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A Blurb about Blackouts
In 2011, David Newman and others collected data on blackouts, showing that the frequencies of outages of different sizes follows a "power law," implying that there is no "average" or expected outage size and that attempts to resolve small blackouts may easily trigger massive ones. Additionally, they simulated thousands of blackouts. Their results suggest that uncareful mitigation strategies would be uneffective because the complex interdependancies between small and large blackouts would bring the system back to an instability similar to that before the strategies were ever implemented! ∎
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text: Gah I am a noob to this and getting very frustrated. I have IOS 249 installed, CFG USB Loader is running form that. I am running CFG USB loader from SD, with MArio Kart Wii and Red Steel on a FAT32 usb hard drive (30 gigs). CFG will recognize the drive, but not the games. ANy idea what is going wrong?


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Cullinan Building
The Cullinan Building was a superb building replaced on this site by another fine office block, the Standard Bank Centre. Built for Thomas Cullinan founder of the Premier Diamond Mining Company, it was designed in 1904 by architects Leck and Emley. The Cullinan Building was part of an elegant streetscape with arcades and specialty shops. It was demolished in 1966, and its lintel was re-erected here in 2009.
Main Street Mall (slightly west of Simmonds Street), Marshalltown, Johannesburg
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City of Johannesburg


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We talk about the dangers of working in the heat frequently, but rarely discuss the cold. Since I live in the desert we see extremes of both. Surprised? The desert often sees a 40-plus degree drop as the sun sets in the winter.
The cold injures workers and is just as dangerous as the heat. Interestingly enough, workers will try to tough out both heat and cold injuries; often only notifying the employer when significant damage has already been done.
Certain factors predispose to cold stress injuries. Lower temperature and increased wind speed are well known as the "wind chill factor" (10 degrees or less and 25 mile-per-hour winds are a treacherous combination). Physical exhaustion, poor physical condition, and disease (hypertension, diabetes, low thyroid) are all risk factors. Wet or inadequate clothing will considerably shorten the time it takes to get into hypothermia trouble.
Humans are warm-blooded, and burn enough calories to stay around 98.6 F. This is your core body temperature, which allows optimal function of your heart, lungs, and brain among other things. Your body will defend your core temperature even if it means the loss of toes or fingers. As your body starts to cool due to low environmental temperature, you will start to shiver, using your muscles to generate heat. You are feeling cold at this point, but everything still works.
Drop a few more degrees, to a 95-degree core body temperature, and you will stop shivering, and the blood from your extremities will be shunted to keep the core warm. This, of course, makes the temperature of the limbs drop faster and can put fingers and toes at risk of freeze damage (frostbite). You are getting confused and uncoordinated at 95 degrees, but you still have blood pressure and circulation, so you have a good chance of surviving. Cool a bit more and the breathing becomes shallow and the pulse weak. You cannot help in your own rescue because you are too weak to stand and walk, and may be unconscious. Death is not far away.
Frostbite is freezing damage to the tissues. It usually starts at the thinnest body parts (high surface area to mass), and the most distant from the heart – the toes and fingers. There may be only exposed skin damage, or the toe or finger may literally freeze. Despite the immense fortunes optimistic people spend to keep their bodies in liquid nitrogen, freezing tissue makes cells rupture and cannot be reversed. That means dead tissue, most frequently a toe. Amputation keeps infection from spreading and killing more tissue.
Mountaineering stories tell of a frozen, dead climber with his coat and gloves discarded nearby. That is the profound confusion that can occur with low core body temperatures.
Many people spend time in the outdoors, because of work or play: Police, construction workers and firefighters as well as skiers, snowmobilers and skaters. Hypothermia is preventable with some preparation. Think plenty of layers, and wear a hat. It takes a lot of blood to grow hair, so the scalp is a natural radiator – cover it and you loose a lot less heat. Layers on the trunk and extremities trap warm air and insulate you in the same principal as a thermos. More layers means more trapped air; a better thermos. Watch friends or colleagues for signs of hypothermia, and be willing to intervene if necessary.
Treating a person with hypothermia involves evacuating them to a warm, dry place. Remove any wet clothing and wrap them in multiple layers of blankets. Put hot packs under the arms, at the sides and at the groin. Then, wait patiently for the paramedics (whom you called first).
Be careful out there.
Dr. B
Donald Bucklin, MD (Dr. B) is a Regional Medical Director for U.S. HealthWorks and has been practicing clinical occupational medicine for more than 25 years. Dr. B. works in our Scottsdale, Arizona clinic.
Image courtesy of freedigitalphotos.net


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Thursday, April 30, 2009
New Tubes
Friday, April 24, 2009
Stock Yards
We took the Sheppard's to see the cows herded down the street. They don't see that in
Jo T. Garcia's
Jo T. Garcia's is one of our favorite Mexican restaurants in town. The ambiance is really nice and the cheese enchiladas are to die for!
There is a stocked pond in our neighborhood so we all went fishing, including Gavin's friend Paige. Both Sam and Renée caught catfish.
Thursday, April 23, 2009
Debbie and Charlie got to see both the Gavin and Renée play soccer. It was kind of windy so Charlie got to help hold down the goal.
Bureau of Engraving and Printing
There are two places in our country where money is printed,
Wednesday, April 22, 2009
Water Gardens
We liked the Watergardens so much when we went with my grandma that we took Sam's parents. The kids sure love running around and playing in the fountains.
Mmmm Babe's
No one can visit us without experiencing Babe's fried chicken. Charlie liked it so much that he bought a hat. It really is the best southern home cooked food. The kids like dancing the hokey pokey and the boot strap boogie with the waitresses.
Tuesday, April 21, 2009
The Swimming Begins
The pool is open and we are ready to play. The water is way too cold, but me kids and Charlie went in anyway. Gavin had a great time swimming with his Grandpa. Renée thought my lap was the best place to warm up.


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Well this year it's brined. Brined turkey this, brine soak your turkey that, but what the hell is brine anyways, and how do you brine a turkey?
Well, for starters, brine is basically
salt water, or water saturated or nearly saturated with salt. Brine has
historically been used to preserve vegetables, meats, fish, and cheese
through a process called brining.
Brining is like marinating in that you soak your (in this case) turkey
in the solution, but it's benefit in addition to flavoring is that it's
supposed to help cooked meat stay moist. The explanation for why has to
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do with osmosis and denaturation.....boooring. Let's just say as long as
it ain't dry, who cares why.
A simple brine can be made easily with sugar, salt, water, ice, and flavorings like herbs and spices. So now that you know what brining is, and why it might be worth a try, here are some recipes you can use to brine your own turkey this Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Years, or whenever.


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"If you want to leave out the coachella exit you will have to roll under the gate"
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Joomla gallery extension by joomlashine.com
NIDS, telling the stories of the people of South Africa.
The National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) has been providing empirical data on the changing lives of South Africans since 2008. NIDS is an initiative of the Department of Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation (DPME) and is implemented by the Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit (SALDRU) at the University of Cape Town (UCT).
As the first national panel study of individuals in South Africa, NIDS provides unique insights into the lives of individual South Africans over time. To help people effectively use NIDS, NIDS provides example findings, scholarships, summary videos and training on how to use its panel data.
New Dataset including Wave 4
A new release of the NIDS data is now available. This release addresses 2 main issues affecting the weights variables, w'x'_pweight in the indderived data file and the w`x'_wgt in the hhderived data file (`x' is the wave number). The issues are as follows:
1. Missing panel weights for some babies born to CSM mothers after Wave 1 (2008).
2. One (now adult) respondent with a missing weight.
Other minor issues can be found in the change documentation.
We recommend that users who have downloaded the data on or after the 19th May 2016 (Wave1_V6.0, Wave2_V3.0, Wave3_V2.0 and Wave1_V6.0) and have made use of the w'x'_pweight and the w`x'_wgt variables, re-run their analysis.
Daily Maverick - Tackling inequality sustainably – beyond social grants
In a recent Daily Maverick op-ed, the writer, Janina Hundenborn explains findings from a paper she co-authored 'The Drivers of Inequality in South Africa', which assessed the sources of household income and their contribution to inequality between 1993 and 2015. Using NIDS and Project for Living Standards and Development (PSLSD) data, the analysis showed that while there was a slight improvement in inequality in since democracy, inequality remains high; with labour income found to be the most significant contributor to inequality. The research also showed that inequality would have been much worse were it not for government social grants. To find out more about the findings and proposed solutions, read the full op-ed.
Daily Maverick - Youth Unemployment in Focus: When you're job-hunting so long that you're no longer young
On the 16th of April, the Daily Maverick chronicled the problem of youth unemployment in South Africa. In exploring this topic, the article drew on interviews as well as evidence drawn from data sources. In their interview with the NIDS Senior Operations Manager, Samantha Richmond, she mentioned that in South Africa, there are many job seekers who had become discouraged after waiting for work; a view which is supported by the work search stories given earlier in the article. Richmond also cited a paper by Kim Ingle and Cecil Mlatsheni, titled "The extent of churn in the South African youth labour market: Evidence from NIDS 2008-2015", which uses NIDS data, and mentioned some of its findings which provide insight into the nature of employment and unemployment persistence amongst youth in South Africa. Read the full article.
NIDS Hosts Year-End 3-day Panel Data Course
The 3-day NIDS Panel Data Course, which took place from 6 - 8 December at UCT's School of Economics, provided an introduction to analysing the NIDS Wave 1-4 data using Stata. More specifically, the techniques used in the analysis of longitudinal household survey data (i.e. panel data) were explored. Accordingly, some of the topics covered over the 3 days included panel data management, transitions over time, weighting and differential attrition. The course was designed for people with prior experience using Stata to analyse cross-sectional household survey data and was attended by 22 economics researchers, lecturers, students and monitoring and evaluation practitioners from across South Africa. According to many of the attendees, the skills that they developed during the course will prove useful for their future research endeavours. Subscribe to the NIDS course mailing list if you would like to be notified of upcoming NIDS courses. Click here for more information about NIDS courses.


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The drop-down includes: Aspen, Colorado Springs, Denver, Fort Collins, Grand Junction, Lamar, Pueblo, Salida, Vail and more...
Mesa Verde page, Rocky Mountain page and other nearby parks are on our USA National Parks page.
Search for a Colorado city, town or a U.S. zip code
Select Your City, Town or POI
If your city or town is not listed, contact us and we will add it.
Colorado locations are available in list format on a single page.
You can also use the Custom Location Entry page if you know the latitude, longitude and time zone of the location.
Home ◇ FAQs ◇ Site Map
© 2018 Edwards Apps, Inc.
All rights reserved.


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Beginnings of Trade Unions
First Unions in the United States
Western Europe
United States After World War I
Europe After World War II
Contrasting Ideologies
Although the bulk of union membership in western European labor federations can be broadly identified as socialist in orientation and is allied with labor or socialist parties, there are important Christian and/or Catholic union federations in several countries. While Christian labor unions existed before World War II, the bulk of their growth has come since then.
In Italy and France the leading labor federations have generally been under Communist leadership since the end of World…


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There is a HDTV Picture Settings forum on C|Net here:
I didn't see your model listed, but you can open up a new one for your television. If you track the threads by clicking the track thread box, you'll be notified when new responses come in.
The Detailed Settings menu allows you to adjust most of the picture settings to some very very specific settings. This is so you can tune your television without having to go into the service menu. I never recommend going into the service menu unless you're an authorized technician or calibration expert.
As far as professional calibrations go, they can be great. They will adjust the panel to the size and amount of brightness in your room - in many cases, however, you can get a great picture without having to do a calibration.
One note that I would like to point out is that <u>if you update your firmware, a professional calibration goes away</u>, as the defaults are completely reset. Now you might write down your picture and Detailed Settings values, but if a professional calibration tech goes into the service menu and adjusts things there, that will affect the values in your Picture and Detail Settings menus.
Most people can get "close enough" and a fantastic picture without having to pay for it, and still get every bit of enjoyment out of their television sets.
Hope that helps.
Does anyone have any thoughts on calibration for a UN55B8000. I just got mine setup and love it. However I want to make sure I'm getting the best possible picture.
Do LCD Tv's need calibration like Plasma Tv's?
Can it be calibrated through service menu or just are just the regular picture settings menu just the same? If I should do it through the regular settings menu, does anyone have suggestions or settings they have setup they can share?
Last, if its a difficult process to do should I have it professionally calibrated? Is it worth it? I'm tech savvy but don't want to damage anything since I'm a newbie at HDTV calibration.


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Room 70 is the first stop for newcomer youth between the ages of 14-21 with interrupted schooling here in Winnipeg, Canada. This room is a "home away from home," a place where students acculturate to the Canadian school system and get their educational moorings. Students in this classroom focus on literacy and numeracy instruction and gain foundational knowledge in content areas like science and geography in order to prepare them for the transition to mainstream classes at the high school level. Learning is differentiated, "hands on," very interactive, and thematically based. Read More...
Grant Park Literacy Centre Presentation: Find out More! Read Stories! See Pictures!
Room 70 Windup (2012): Three videos to celebrate a year of learning!
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3


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This gorgeous and eclectic luxury 3 bedroom penthouse condominium located in the middle of IT Park is a one of a kind for rent or sale. Spacious, and fully furnished with parking, it's perfect for the discerning tenant who wants to experience the best that Cebu City has to offer.
- 3 Bedrooms
- 2 Bathrooms
- 1 Car Park
- Fully Furnished
- Corner Unit
- 2 Balconies
- Facing IT Park
- Floor Area 116 SQ.M.
- Maids Quarters
Priced at P100,000 per month exclusive of dues negotiable. Minimum 1 year term with 1 months advance and 2 months security deposit, payable with PDCs (Post Dated Checks).
Also available for sale at P14, 000,000 negotiable with standard tax distribution.
Contact us below or text or call us on +63 908 618 5568
Schedule a site visit today and fall in love!