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Rhinophyma Surgery
in South Florida
What is rhinophyma?
To understand what rhinophyma is, it's important to first have a basic understanding of rosacea. Rosacea is a chronic disease that affects the skin. The disease is characterized by redness, pimples, and, in advanced stages, thickened skin. When rosacea reaches this advanced stage, rhinophyma may develop. The most common characteristic of rhinophyma is an enlarged, bulbous, and red nose. Rhinophyma is associated with the sebaceous (oil producing) glands beneath the surface of the skin on the nose. The condition is more common in men than women.
What are the symptoms of rhinophyma?
Rhinophyma is characterized by an enlarged, bulbous, and red nose resulting from the enlargement of the sebaceous (oil producing) glands beneath the surface of the skin on the nose.
What causes rhinophyma?
Doctors do not know the exact cause of rhinophyma.
What is the treatment for rhinophyma?
Depending on the severity of the rhinophyma, we may begin treatment with topical or oral rosacea medications. Rhinophyma that does not respond to medications may be treated with CO2 laser resurfacing.
If you believe you may have rhinophyma or if you are looking for a dermatology practice that specializes in rhinophyma treatment, please use the form on this page to schedule a consultation at Hollywood Dermatology or visit our contact page for information about our South Florida locations.


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Happy Birthday to my dear friend Kristin!
I love that we are neighbors (cubicle neighbors). You make my days brighter and have helped me more than you know since we have become friends. Have you ever met someone and felt like you have been friends for years? That was how it was when I met Kristin. Because it would embarrass you if I said to your face, I will say it on this blog and to the world - you are the most caring, best listener, great advice giver, gorgeous, fun, funny, talented and well - just amazing friend all around. Even though you hate food I love and vice versa, we work it out. There! I said it!
Have a wonderful birthday! You deserve all the best.
Love, een

subset: commoncrawl


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Discover the perfect items for you or your client's event from our wide, hand-selected collection of rentals offered here at White Door Events. You will find everything from basic accommodations such as chairs and tables to decorative elements like our eye-catching linens, drapery, accent décor, and more. Our inventory is growing constantly so please contact us at 901-567-3250 or request access to our catalog here if you don't see your specific rental needs in the galleries below.
You are here: Home / Event Rentals


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Every dollar matters. Help us connect people to the help they deserve.
Give Hope.
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Join TWLOHA Blue, our monthly giving program, and extend the impact of your gift.
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At TWLOHA, we act as a "bridge to help" by pointing people to credible national, local, and community resources which address a variety of mental health issues and illnesses.
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TWLOHA is proud to offer grants to organizations and treatment centers and support counseling through scholarship funds. We've given more than $1 million to treatment and recovery.


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– Toulon captain Juan Smith says his team are eager to put last week's Paris attacks behind them as they finally get their European Champions Cup campaign underway. Toulon's clash with Bath at their home ground was called off last weekend following the deadly attacks that saw 129 people killed and hundreds more injured. South African Smith said it was a difficult experience for his team but now they're just eager to get on with playing away to Wasps on Sunday.
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I have a girl crush.
One of my favorite designers is Sarah Richardson. I cannot get enough of her designs and I always make sure my DVR is set to record episodes of her HGTV show,
Sarah's House.
Well, this summer she had a special that ran about her own cottage. Sarah's Summer House. OK, if I could have one of my own this would be it. I loved every single room and all the gorgeous design details. She has such a knack too at finding awesome antiques.
Now all the episodes have aired and at the time I was watching it I wanted to do a post about it. Well, time got away and I forgot.
I think it was meant to be, though. Today I was scrolling over Country Living's website and there it was. That amazing summer house of hers. I will share with you my favorite parts but to see more you'll just have to mosey on over to Country Living or HGTV.
Isn't it gorgeous? I at least thought so.
Enjoy your day. It is a hot one here in Chi-town again!
Enjoy your day. It is a hot one here in Chi-town again!


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SOURCE: Meritage Hospitality Group
March 26, 2014 15:06 ET
GRAND RAPIDS, MI--(Marketwired - Mar 26, 2014) - Meritage Hospitality Group, Inc. (OTCQX: MHGU), one of the nation's premier restaurant operators, announced the opening of a new Wendy's in Stockbridge, GA, located in the Atlanta metropolitan area. The new restaurant represents the Company's 121st restaurant in operation.
The Company reiterated its 2014 Outlook, which included
Meritage Hospitality Group, Inc. is headquartered in Grand Rapids, MI and employs a workforce of approximately 3,400 people. The Company owns and operates 121 restaurants in six states including Florida, Georgia, Michigan, North and South Carolina and Virginia.
The Company's public filings can be viewed at www.otcqx.com under the stock symbol MHGU, or at the Company's website, www.meritagehospitality.com.
Certain information in this new release, particularly information regarding future economic performance and finances, and plans, expectations and objectives of management, constitutes forward-looking statements. Factors set forth in our Safe Harbor Statement, in addition to other possible factors not listed, could affect the Company's actual results and cause such results to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements.
Please review the Company's Safe Harbor Statement at http://www.meritagehospitality.com
See all RSS Newsfeeds
The new Wendy's restaurant is located near the junction of highway 138 and I-75 adjacent to a newly renovated Race Way store
View Image: S M L


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A federal court has temporarily halted and frozen the assets of an operation that the Federal Trade Commission alleges bilked millions of dollars from nonprofit organizations and small businesses through an office supply scam. The FTC seeks to permanently stop the illegal practices and make the defendants return victims' money.
According to the FTC's complaint, individuals from Liberty Supply Co., also doing business as Omni Services, initiated calls to churches, schools and businesses, stated that the company was going out of business and offered pens, paper clips and other office supplies at low prices. The complaint alleges that the defendants quoted a per-unit price even though they only sold multi-unit quantities, causing consumers to believe the quoted price applied to a package of items, instead of an individual item.
The defendants Liberty Supply Co., Mia McCrary and John B. Hart, are charged with violating the FTC Act, the Telemarketing Sales Rule and the Unordered Merchandise Statute. The FTC complaint also names Nor-Jay Enterprises Inc. as a relief defendant who profited from the scheme.
The defendants allegedly didn't disclose the final price, quantity or shipping cost, even when asked, according to the complaint. For example, the complaint alleges that if a consumer asked for a purchase order for their organization to approve, instead of sending a purchase order the defendants sent unordered merchandise and an invoice.
The FTC's complaint alleges that the defendants aggressively sought payment for unordered merchandise. When consumers paid the full amount, the defendants called to thank them, and then offered and sent a free gift, along with more unordered merchandise and an invoice for it, according to the complaint. When consumers questioned the invoices, the defendants allegedly said they had a transcript of the conversation in which the order was placed, but refused to produce the transcript to the customer.
According to the complaint, consumers who wanted to return merchandise learned they had to pay a restocking fee, typically 15% of the invoice amount. Some consumers paid for the products in order to avoid the burden or expense of the defendants' onerous return policy, but the prices they paid were typically higher than the amount the defendants had stated in their initial phone call.


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Responsibilities of the Director of the Office of Disability Support Services
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Section 504) and The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 as amended by the ADAAA of 2008
Section 504 prohibits the University from excluding otherwise qualified individuals with a disability from participation in any federally-funded program or activity, denying such individuals the benefits of such program or activity, or otherwise discriminating against such individuals because of such disability. The ADA, as amended, prohibits the University from discriminating against qualified individuals with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, against individuals perceived as disabled, or against individuals having a record of a disability. Episodic impairments or those that are in remission are covered under the Act. Compliance with federal disability law meets the requirements for compliance with the disability portion of the DC Human Rights Act.
The Director of the Office of Disability Support Services is responsible for administering the process of student requests for accommodations under Section 504 and the ADA, including oversight of the provision of reasonable modifications to University programs or activities in order to allow qualified students to fully participate in those programs or activities. Details regarding the University's process are set forth on the Disability Support Services web page.
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
All records regarding a student's disability are to be kept confidential, both under the ADA and under the student records law (FERPA). Thus, the manner in which records are kept is a key consideration in this area of the law. The Director of the Office of Disability Support Services is responsible for compliance with this legal requirement as it relates to disability records maintained in the Disability Support Services Office, as well as to any electronic records maintained.
Policies for which the Director of the Office of Disability Support Services is the Responsible Official
Disability Accommodations for Students Policy
Interpreter/Transcriber Request Policy
Other Related Policies
Accommodations at University Events Policy
Non-Discrimination/Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Policy
Recording Classroom Lectures Policy


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PEPRN´s Mission
The aim of this website is to bring together physical education teachers, coaches, physical activity leaders, volunteers and university practitioners from around the world to talk about practice, young peoples' experiences of physical activity, and research.
We often don't get the opportunity to talk about these things in a sustained and supportive environment but through this virtual space, and the Talk Board, Group Blog, Shared Resources and Research Impact sections, I believe we can start multiple conversations and challenge ourselves to improve. As the site owner (Ashley Casey), I hope that through this shared space we can begin learning from each other, and in doing so develop shared practices that can positively influence our own practices while ultimately improving young people's experiences of physical activity.
So join in the discussions, share your ideas and let's start talking. It is important to note and thank Professor David Kirk and the University of Bedfordshire who originally, and respectively, conceptualized this space and then seed-funded it.
About Ashley
Ashley Casey completed a BSc in Sport Studies at West London Institute of Higher Education (1990-1993) before completing a Graduate Certificate in Education in Physical Education at Brunel University College (1995 -1996). On graduating he taught in a secondary school in Yorkshire for thirteen years (1996-2009) and took up post-graduate study in 2002 when he started a part-time MSc in Physical Education at Loughborough University while working at a teacher.
Ashley graduated from his MSc in late 2004 and started a PhD in Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy at Leeds Metropolitan University in early 2005. Maintaining his dual role as teacher-as-researcher, Ashley's PhD explored his transformation as a teacher of physical education from a teacher-led to a student-centred practitioner through the use of the pedagogical models Cooperative Learning, Teaching Games for Understanding and Sport Education.
Ashley took up his first lecturing post at the University of Bedfordshire (2009-2014) and completed his PhD in January 2010. Having served as course leader for both undergraduate and postgraduate degrees Ashley joined the department in March 2014. Ashley has a vibrant social media presence on Twitter (@DrAshCasey) and writes and presents a weekly blog (www.peprn.com) and podcast (peprn.podomatic.com) focused on "major themes in physical education research".


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Staff at Grimsby Institute have discovered new ways of enhancing teaching and learning following a successful Microsoft roadshow.
The Microsoft UK Education Roadshow, which visited the Nuns Corner campus on Thursday, opened the door on an array of new products such as Office 365 and Windows 10.
Youngsters from Healing Primary School were also invited to the Institute to take part in a hands-on workshop using Paint 3D, which comes with the new Windows 10 update.
After creating their own emojis, students brought them to life with Mixed Reality, using Surface Pro 4 devices.
Microsoft Learning Consultant Kristy Hill, who was joined by colleague Alan Crawford at the event, said: "The aim of the Roadshow series is to come to new places and host for people who haven't used Microsoft technologies before.
"They can get an overarching view of how products such as Office 365 and Windows 10 can be used in education.
"We take them through different apps and show how it can be used in the classroom.
"We also offer Microsoft Educator Community, a free site which supports all our techonologies. We direct people towards that so they can see it in action."
Describing the primary workshop as a "wow moment", Kristy added: "They've loved it. We've done this a couple of times and while these are probably the youngest students, it shows how adaptable they are.
"When they show what they're capable of it's a real 'wow' moment for us.
"The biggest thing we find is that nobody knows this is available, and it's free. It's about spreading the word about all these great things we can use in education."
Grimsby Institute Learning Technologist Elaine Topham, who helped bring the roadshow to North East Lincolnshire, said: "It was such a fantastic day.
"It was great to see so many staff members there, as well as our external guests.
"Hopefully everyone found the experience useful, and this is the start of a really nice working partnership with Microsoft."


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Delfim Ferreira Leão *
Cita sugerida: Ferreira Leão, D. (2016). Politeuma in Plutarch. Synthesis, 23, e007. Recuperado de: http://www.synthesis.fahce.unlp.edu.ar/article/view/SYNe007
En varios estudios sobre la interpretación del término politeuma, Patrick Sänger sostiene que tiene tres significados básicos: a) "acto político", b) "la ciudadanía" o conjunto de ciudadanos activos", y c) "sistema de gobierno" y, por lo tanto, "estado" (originalmente polis), muchas veces con la connotación de "constitución". Aunque la interpretación de la palabra suele remontarse hasta Aristóteles, generalmente, se reconoce que sus significados básicos pueden hallarse también en las Literaturas Helenística y Romana, a veces, incluso utilizados uno junto a otro.
Teniendo en cuenta la época en la que Plutarco escribió su obra y el vasto período de tiempo que abarca (especialmente en Vitae), podemos considerarlo una guía muy ilustrativa sobre el uso del término politeuma. La palabra se registra 75 veces a lo largo de su obra (63 ocurrencias en Vitae y 12 en Moralia). En la mayoría de los casos se la utiliza sólo una o dos veces en alguna biografía individual dentro de Moralia. Sin embargo, hay tres excepciones a este patrón general: las Vitae de Licurgo y Numa, incluyendo la Comparatio, que concentran 12 ocurrencias, aquellas de Agis/Cleomenes y Tiberio/Cayo Graco (más la Comparatio) con 13 y, finalmente, en An seni respublica gerenda sit dentro de Moralia, en 5 pasajes.
En el presente artículo discutimos el modo en que Plutarco combina texto y contexto y cómo funciona el término politeuma según su contexto en las Vitae y en Moralia.
Palabras clave: Politeuma; Plutarco; Política; Ciudadanía; Constitución; Estado
In several studies on the interpretation of the term politeuma, Patrick Sänger argues that it has three basic meanings: (a) 'political act', (b) 'citizenry' or 'active citizenry', and (c) 'polity' and thus 'state' (in origin polis), sometimes having the connotation 'constitution'. Although the interpretation of the word can be traced back at least to Aristotle, it is generally acknowledged that its basic meanings can be found as well in Hellenistic and Roman literature, sometimes even used side by side.
Taking into account the epoch in which Plutarch wrote his work and the wide chronological period that it covers (especially the Lives), it can be expected that Plutarch might be a very illustrative guide for the use of the term politeuma. The word occurs in fact 75 times throughout his work (with 63 occurrences in the Lives and 12 in the Moralia). In most cases, it is used only once or twice in a single biography or in a piece of the Moralia. There are, however, three exceptions to this global pattern: the Lives of Lycurgus and Numa (including the Comparatio), which concentrate 12 occurrences; those of Agis/Cleomenes and Tiberius/Gaius Gracchus (plus the Comparatio) with 13; finally, and from the Moralia, the An seni respublica gerenda sit, with 5 passages.
This paper discusses the way Plutarch combines text and context, namely the way the concept of politeuma works in the context in which it is used throughout the Lives and the Moralia.
Keywords: Politeuma; Plutarch; Politics; Citizenry; Constitution; State
In a recent review of the existence of communities organized as politeumata —representing a specific kind of association, especially during the Hellenistic period—, Patrick Sänger2 argues convincingly that the term politeuma has several meanings and covers a very wide range of realities, such as defining simply a 'political act' of any kind up to the very specific and technical designation of ethnically categorized communities with a military background that can be described as semi-autonomous administrative units, as they existed in several towns or districts of Ptolemaic Egypt. It is therefore appropriate to start this analysis by recalling his words:3
The word politeuma is frequently used in the Greek language, and has a wide spectrum of meanings. It can, for instance, refer to a 'political act' or appear as a term for 'government', 'citizenry' or 'state'. As a technical term politeuma can, in the context of a Greek city-state or polis, also refer to the political leading class of citizens as a sovereign body with specific rights. Therefore, in an oligarchic constitution the word refers to a section of the citizenry; in a democratic one to the entire citizenry. However, the word, as a technical term, is not just restricted to the political organisation of a classical Greek polis, but can also be applied to name a specific and organised group of persons within an urban area. In this context we are dealing, apart from one exception (namely a politeuma of soldiers in Alexandria […]), with minorities whose ethnic designation is pointing to a migrant background. The members of such a politeuma were concentrated in a certain district of a town, which was initially foreign to them and where they lived as an ethnic community.
From a legal and constitutional perspective, the most complex and also most interesting use of the term is the one mentioned last, which designates a reality that could be found during the Hellenistic period and that seems to be specific of the strategic political planning of the Ptolemies, as an ingenious way of promoting in the regions under their control migrant groups, probably military in their origin and usually sharing the same ethnic roots, by allowing them to govern themselves as administrative units. In fact, eight ethnic politeumata were identified for this period, all of them in areas controlled by the Ptolemies.4 Two of them have attracted much attention, both consisting of Jewish groups: those of Herakleopolis and of Berenike.5 The case of Herakleopolis in Middle Egypt is of capital importance, because a group of twenty papyri (P.Polit.Iud., dated between 144/3 and 133/2 B.C.) was found there and made a determinant contribution to the understanding of the administrative function of the institution of the politeuma. This is because the papyri show that the officials who governed the Jewish politeuma dealt, on the one hand, with disputes that were internal (and sometimes also external) to the community associated to the politeuma and, on the other hand, they also provide a good impression of the range of legal issues these officials covered. The competences they had in the field of justice are comparable to those of Ptolemaic officials, a feature that seems to indicate that politeumata resembled semi-autonomous communities whose internal structure had obtained a public dimension, a transformation that was certainly due to a governmental decision. Although the Ptolemaic politeumata are not the main focus of this article, it needs to be stressed that this institution allowed the Ptolemies to attract and integrate migrant groups who were useful to their kingdom (especially for the army) and belonged to the upper part of the population (the Hellenes) by giving them a fixed place in the administration of Ptolemaic Egypt.6
Despite the significance of this use of the term politeuma in a more technical meaning, in what respects constitutional and political history, it should hardly be expected to find it in Plutarch in that sense. However, the word does occur quite often in his oeuvre, both in the Lives and in the Moralia. It is the object of this work to make a first complete approach to the Plutarchan corpus, in order to see if those occurrences can be grouped under the regular categories covered by the term, whether they are used in a very broad and general sense or in a more technical one (even if not as technical as in the case of the communities established at the time of the Ptolemies). A global interpretation of this categorization will be put forward here, but a more focused study of the most expressive grouping of occurrences will be left to future approaches to this same question.
Etymologically, the term politeuma has the same root as πολίτης and πολιτεία, and the verbal forms πολιτεύω/πολιτεύομαι. It covers a wide range of meanings, which derive, as all the other words mentioned, from the concept of polis, as 'state', 'community of citizens', and also as the kind of administration developed in a specific polis during a certain period —and hence the specific 'political institutions' or 'political acts' that are characteristic of them.7 It is with this latter meaning that the word first appears by the middle of the Fourth Century BC, in the work of the Attic orators, namely in Isocrates' Areopagiticus (VII. 78):
Ἡμεῖς γὰρ ἢν μὲν οὕτως οἰκῶμεν τὴν πόλιν ὥσπερ νῦν, οὐκ ἔστιν ὅπως οὐ καὶ βουλευσόμεθα καὶ πολεμήσομεν καὶ βιωσόμεθα καὶ σχεδὸν ἅπαντα καὶ πεισόμεθα καὶ πράξομεν ἅπερ ἔν τε τῷ παρόντι καιρῷ καὶ τοῖς παρελθοῦσι χρόνοις· ἢν δὲ μεταβάλωμεν τὴν πολιτείαν, δῆλον ὅτι κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον, οἷά περ ἦν τοῖς προγόνοις τὰ πράγματα, τοιαῦτ' ἔσται καὶ περὶ ἡμᾶς· ἀνάγκη γὰρ ἐκ τῶν αὐτῶν πολιτευμάτων καὶ τὰς πράξεις ὁμοίας ἀεὶ καὶ παραπλησίας ἀποβαίνειν.
If we continue to govern Athens as we are now doing, then we are doomed to go on deliberating and waging war and living and faring and acting in almost every respect just as we do at the present moment and have done in the past; but if we effect a change of polity (politeia), it is evident by the same reasoning that such conditions of life as our ancestors enjoyed will come about for us also; for from the same political institutions (politeumata) there must always spring like or similar ways of life.8
Not a long time after, Aristotle gives the term a more technical use, to describe the kind of institutions that exist within a certain polis, and more specifically the people who were 'entitled to share the government' of that polis (i.e. those who had an 'active citizenry'), a capacity that was granted to them by the kind of constitution or polity (politeia) in which they were living. This is in fact clearly stated in the Politics, III.1278b8-14).9 Some two centuries later, Polybius provides another important contribution to the shaping of the meaning of politeuma, expanding it to the concept of 'state' with the connotation of 'constitution', which traditionally corresponded respectively to polis and politeia, two words sharing the same etymological root.10 This broader conceptual understanding of the word ends up by becoming characteristic of the term during the Hellenistic period, but the several fundamental connotations presented in Isocrates, Aristotle and Polybius can in fact be found side by side in later times, even in texts by the same author. As Sänger concisely puts it, summarizing the use of the term in Hellenistic and Roman times:11 "we can point out three basic meanings of the word πολίτευμα: first, 'political act', second, 'citizenry' or 'active citizenry', third, 'polity/Gemeinwesen' respectively 'state'." If this is the case, it can in fact be expected that Plutarch constitutes a good guide to the use of the term politeuma in this later period. It is this possibility that is now going to be tested, taking as reference the three basic groupings of the term as presented by Sänger.
Ruppel, in a study published many years ago (1927), but that continues to be central in discussing the emergence and the meaning of the term politeuma, collected and analysed all the literary and documentary evidence that was known by the time he made his fundamental research. Ruppel approaches a large number of authors and could not possibly have examined all the pertinent passages in detail. Even so, he dedicates several pages to Plutarch12 and calls attention to more than forty passages from the Lives and the Moralia. Ruppel groups those occurrences of politeuma around seven different categories: the regular use in Attic language (attischer Sprachgebrauch) respecting political acts and political events; activities of politicians and the results deriving from them (Tätigkeit der Staatsmänner und ihre Ergebnisse); authorities and magistrates (Behörden und Ämter), comparable to the Platonic archai and timai; full citizenship (volles Bürgerrecht); not simply any regular magistracy, but specifically the highest post in a state (die höchste Stelle); the constitution (Staatsverfassung); and finally the abstract concept of state (der abstrakte Begriff 'Staat'). The conclusion he draws from his analysis is somewhat ambivalent: in fact, Ruppel maintains that the examples in Plutarch bring nothing new to the history of the concept, but he also argues that the work of the biographer has the advantage of showing previous developments of the concept in their full implementation. As a closing remark, Ruppel further admits the possibility that, in some cases, the influence of the original sources can be detected in Plutarch, although he provides no instance of that kind of direct inspiration from Plutarch's possible "Quellen".13
During the research conducted for the preparation of this paper, it was possible to identify a much higher number of passages where the term politeuma occurs in Plutarch's works (75). The method followed to categorize them was not simply to confront them with Ruppel's classification or even to try to introduce other items. On the contrary, the operation was to test the way those passages could fit into a more concise cataloguing of the term, inspired by that of Sänger, as it was briefly evoked at the end of the last section. It must be acknowledged right from the beginning that the use of the term politeuma is sometimes rather loose and, therefore, that its categorization in those contexts depends perhaps more than it should on one's sensibility in reading the text. On the other hand, even if Sänger's broader categories seem to be capable of incorporating the whole bulk of references, it will be argued as well that Plutarch brings also some new contribution to the concept (as happens with the use of politeuma as equivalent to the idea of 'law' or 'ordinance'), thus partially contradicting Ruppel's final statement that Plutarch has nothing new to offer in what respects the use of politeuma.
The kind of references that fall under this first heading corresponds to more than half of all the passages (forty-four or forty-five, depending on the way the term politeuma is interpreted at An seni 784D: as 'political act' or as 'governmental activity', in the sense of being an expression of a specific kind of 'constitution'). This is hardly surprising, because in those contexts politeuma describes a political act of any nature, in general terms. An example from the Life of Lycurgus is enough to illustrate this pattern. It occurs when Plutarch is speaking about the creation of the syssitia (Lyc. 10.1):
Ἔτι δὲ μᾶλλον ἐπιθέσθαι τῇ τρυφῇ καὶ τὸν ζῆλον ἀφελέσθαι τοῦ πλούτου διανοηθείς, τὸ τρίτον πολίτευμα καὶ κάλλιστον ἐπῆγε, τὴν τῶν συσσιτίων κατασκευήν, ὥστε δειπνεῖν μετ' ἀλλήλων συνιόντας ἐπὶ κοινοῖς καὶ τεταγμένοις ὄψοις καὶ σιτίοις.
In order to give an extra blow against luxury and eradicate the desire for wealth, he laid on his third and most efficient political device (politeuma): the establishment of common messes, so that they should eat together, sharing the same food and bread.
A similar usage of the word can be found in the same biography in a related context (Lyc. 8.1), and in the Life of Pompeius (Pomp. 21.5), but in two other instances taken again from the biography of Lycurgus (Lyc. 11.1 and 28.1) the connotation of the term is closer to the idea of 'law' or 'ordinance'. Although the meaning 'law' can still be understood in broad sense as being an expression of a 'political act' of a certain statesman, it should nevertheless be expressly ranked among those variants of the word politeuma involving some kind of novelty.
The Roman pair of Lycurgus' biography, the Life of Numa, provides an instance of politeumata being used to describe a bulk of 'political measures' (Num. 17.1), and the same is also implied in the synkrisis (Comp. Lyc. et Num. 2.1). The term is used again in mentioning the activity of another legislator —Solon—, when referring to the emblematic seisachtheia and the ban of engaging the body of a debtor as personal security for a loan (Sol. 15.2). Caesar is credited with a similar measure, which Plutarch labels with the same name of the Solonian political initiative, inscribing it in a set of 'political measures', at Caes. 37.2: ἐπιτίμους ἐποίησε, καὶ σεισαχθείᾳ τινὶ τόκων ἐκούφιζε τοὺς χρεωφειλέτας, ἄλλων τε τοιούτων ἥψατο πολιτευμάτων. Again, as happened already with Numa, but now in describing the deeds of Solon's Roman pair, in the Life of Publicola, the plural politeumata occurs in order to define a bulk of laws or the political activity as a whole (Publ. 11.1: ἐχρήσατο τῇ μοναρχίᾳ πρὸς τὰ κάλλιστα καὶ μέγιστα τῶν πολιτευμάτων). It is an interesting detail that Plutarch decided to underline here that Publicola accomplished his deeds based on a special personal authority (τῇ μοναρχίᾳ), thus suggesting that his 'political measures' corresponded as well to a certain profile of 'governmental activity' that reflected a specific kind of constitutional arrangement (see infra 2.3).
The plural politeumata is used again in the Lives of Pericles (Per. 9.1; 12.1) and of Alcibiades (Alc. 16.1) to embrace their 'political activity' as a whole, providing a very illustrative example of what Ruppel has called "Tätigkeit der Staatsmänner und ihre Ergebnisse". A similar situation is perceived in those passages where Plutarch describes (as politeuma or as politeumata) the deeds of the Roman statesmen Cato (Ca. Ma. 26.1), Marius (Mar. 35.1), Crassus (Crass. 13.2; Comp. Nic. et Crass. 2.1)14, Antonius (Ant. 9.1), and the effects of political struggle upon them and the state (Mar. 4.7; Caes. 8.7; 13.3; 14.16; Cic. 23.5; TG et CG 7.7; 8.8; 12.2; 30.7; 32.5; 33.8; Comp. Ag., Cleom. et Gracch. 2.5; 5.4). Within this topic, it is worth quoting in full a passage in the Life of Sulla, because it provides perhaps the most elucidative example of politeuma being used to describe a clearly defined 'political act' (Sull. 34.5):
"Ὡς καλόν," ἔφη, "σοῦ τὸ πολίτευμα, ὦ νεανία, τὸ Κάτλου πρότερον ἀναγορεῦσαι Λέπιδον, τοῦ πάντων ἀρίστου τὸν ἐμπληκτότατον.
And he said: "What a beautiful political act, young man, to proclaim Lepidus in preference to Catulus, the most impulsive instead of the best of all men.
With Sertorius (Sert. 23.1), politeumata falls under the same global meaning of 'political act', although it denotes more precisely the ability to conduct 'political negotiations' or 'political diplomacy' (cf. also Arat. 35.3). A passage in the Life of Pompeius applies the word politeuma to define a 'course of policy' started by Caesar, which brought him great favor in the present and would increase his power in the future (Pomp. 47.1; cf. also Caes. 4.8). This is an interesting example, because the word is used to inscribe a far-reaching political program in a broad timeline (cf. TG et CG 15.1; 30.2). At Agis et Cleom. 2.8, an interesting connection of reciprocity is established between 'public acts' (politeumata) and the timai that they stimulate in a positive way. Later in the same work (Agis et Cleom. 3.9), a similar use of the term is registered, although those 'public acts' are perceived more in the sense of 'manners' or 'public behavior', or even as 'conduct' (as in Dem. 14.5; Oth. 4.1).
It is certainly significant that all those examples are taken from the Lives, with the exception of only two passages from the Moralia: one is from the De laude ipsius (546D) and the other from the An seni respublica gerenda sit (784D). The latter, however, is ambivalent, and can also be understood in a meaning closer to a more abstract 'governmental activity', as happens in fact with the other four passages from the same work (see section 2.3).
Some partial conclusions can already be drawn from this survey: the term politeuma (or the plural politeumata) is used in Plutarch, most of the time, in the sense of 'political act', even if a wide range of connotations can be detected in the way this public action is perceived, from 'law', 'political plan' 'political project' up to 'behavior' or 'conduct'. It should not go unnoticed that the word can be used to define a precise 'political act', restricted to a particular context, but it happens more often that it covers the implications of a certain deed in a broader timeline, i.e. the way those acts affect the people responsible for them, the future course of events or even the state. Finally, because almost all the examples are taken from the Lives, the implication is that the term politeuma understood as 'political act' is used mainly to describe a statesman in action, thereby in the making of his biography, and much less in theoretical meditations as could be expected from the Moralia.
This categorization is the less expressive in Plutarch's work. In fact, there are only three examples from the Lives (Phoc. 28.7; Agis et Cleom. 32.3; Cic. 30.2), and they all share the common trait of dealing with the access to the citizen body and with the number of those who were entitled to have full citizenry. The passages from the biographies of Phocion and of Cicero both emphasize that a criterion for access to the full citizenship status (or conversely for being excluded from it) had to do with wealth. As remarked already by Ruppel,15 who identified as well only those same three passages, the roots for this distinction are already in Aristotle, who clearly stated that richness is a dividing line between oligarchic and democratic governments.16
The passages that fall under this last classification are, similar to the first one, quite abundant in number. Let us start with those that are equivalent to the original meaning of polis as 'city', 'city-state' or simply 'state'. The term politeuma is used with this sense in the biographies of Theseus (Thes. 35.4), Romulus (Rom. 20.2)17, Lycurgus (Lyc. 4.5; 30.2), Dion (Dion 47.3), and it occurs also in the Moralia (Aet. Rom. et Graec. 291E).
In what respects the use of politeuma to define the idea of 'governmental activity' as an expression of a specific constitutional arrangement (and not simply as a 'political act' of any kind), it can be found quite often in the Lives, as happens in the biographies of Lycurgus (Lyc. 27.3, although here the expression πολιτευμάτων διαφόρων may imply as well different forms of featuring a 'constitution'), Numa (Num. 2.6), Solon (Sol. 9.3), Themistocles (Them. 4.5), Aemilius Paullus (Aem. 28.2), the synkrisis of Lysander and Sulla (Comp. Lys. et Sull. 1.2), and Agesilaus (Ages. 20.3 = Apophth. Lac. 212C, even if the expression μεταστάσεως τοῦ πολιτεύματος may imply the idea of a change in the 'constitution'). It is also with this meaning that the word politeuma is most commonly used throughout the Moralia (De fort. Rom. 322E; An seni 793B; 793C; 795C; 796B; and most probably 784D, if it is interpreted in this sense and not as 'political act';18 Praec. ger. reip. 818D; Quaest. Plat. 1011B).
Finally, the use of the term politeuma in the sense of 'constitution', following the track initiated by Polybius,19 appears as well relatively often in Plutarch. Most of the passages occur in the Lives. This is the case with the biography of Lycurgus (Lyc. 7.1), the synkrisis of Lycurgus and Numa (Comp. Lyc. et Num. 2.3), Lucullus (Luc. 5.5),20 Agesilaus (Ages. 33.2; and possibly 20.3 = Apophth. Lac. 212C). Even if the attribution to Plutarch of the work Decem oratorum vitae is suspect, it presents a very interesting combination of the term politeuma (as the kind of governmental activity that derives from a specific 'constitution') with a form of the related verb πολιτεύω (πολιτευσαμένων), used in the sense of 'administering public affairs'. The passage comprises as well a reference to politeia, thus providing a curious example of how those terms and concepts could combine in a close context (Dec. or. vit. 851F).
Two passages were left to the end in order to ponder the possibility (even if very cautiously) that they may imply a special use of the word politeuma. The first passage occurs in the synkrisis of Nicias and Crassus (Comp. Nic. et Crass. 2.7). In this passage, the expression ἑλληνικώτατον πολίτευμα could perhaps be understood as a new expansion of the several meanings of the term politeuma, although Ruppel21 ranked it within the regular use in Attic language (attischer Sprachgebrauch). Politeuma is used here as a way of endorsing a 'cultural trait' or the kind of 'aspiration' that is typical of the Greeks. Even so, this does not necessarily mean that the term politeuma is in itself equivalent to the idea of 'aspiration', and may simply imply that the 'political act' behind it is the vivid expression of this sense of 'Greekness'.22
The second passage has to do with the Life of Publicola, in what respects the moving into Rome of a significant number of Sabines —'five thousand families with their children and wives' (πεντακισχιλίους οἴκους ἀναστήσας μετὰ παίδων καὶ γυναικῶν)—, headed by Attius Clausus,23 at the invitation of Publicola (Publ. 21.9-10). According to Plutarch, they were warmly received into the community and given land (τοὺς μὲν γὰρ οἴκους εὐθὺς ἀνέμειξε τῷ πολιτεύματι, καὶ χώραν ἀπένειμεν ἑκάστῳ). The expression ἀνέμειξε τῷ πολιτεύματι suggests that they were integrated with the rest of the population, on equal terms, and therefore polimeuta probably means the attribution of the status of 'citizenry'.24 However, taking into consideration the military background that provides the context for the migration of this group of Sabines, and that early Rome needed badly to attract people in order to increase its strength and power —besides her traditional image of a city ready to provide sanctuary to the needy—,25 it is conceivable that Plutarch may have been influenced by the use of the term politeuma to denote, in the technical sense, a community constituted by migrant population and a strong military profile. This is not stated openly, but the supposition is not entirely unreasonable. If so, even this very specific connotation of politeuma (as discussed in the opening section of this work) could have left some traces in Plutarch's work. However, the fact that not much is known about the early Sabines and the way they were integrated into the Roman state advises particular caution regarding this possibility.26
Taking this information as a whole, it is now possible to make a global appreciation of the way the term politeuma (or politeumata) is used in Plutarch's work. It is undeniable that the biographer is a major source for the reception of this concept in Roman times. The term occurs much more often in the Lives than in the Moralia, and this may be explained, in large part, by the fact that the meaning of politeuma as 'political act' (and other related connotations) is the one that appears most often, to describe the political activity of the statesmen portrayed by Plutarch. It becomes also clear that sometimes the term occurs in the texts in close connection, but with slightly different connotations. This gives consistency to the idea that, by the time Plutarch wrote his work, the meaning of politeuma had already a long lasting tradition, and that the biographer was able to use its wide range of meanings according to what would fit each specific context, Greek and Roman alike. Despite this, it is also possible that Plutarch made his own contribution to enlarge the meaning of the term, by using it in a new specific way, as equivalent to the idea of 'law' or 'ordinance', even if a regulation may in itself be considered the practical expression of a 'political act'.
Taking the whole corpus of references in Plutarch, it is conceivable as well to pursue additional lines of research, like the one deriving from the interesting circumstance that in the work An seni respublica gerenda sit there is a special concentration of occurrences of the term politeuma (a case even rarer to observe in the Moralia) and that they all tend to correspond to the meaning of 'governmental activity' or 'political activity'. It is probable that this recurrent use (interlaced with the occurrence of other polis-related terms) provides Plutarch the ground for drawing in this particular work what may be called a 'conceptual iconography' depicting the way old men should engage in politics, but this is a subject to be dealt with separately, in a different study.27
* Es Investigador del Centro de Estudios Clásicos y Humanísticos de la Universidad de Coimbra y actualmente se desempeña como Coordinador del mismo. Ha sido presidente de la Asociación Portuguesa de Editoriales de Educación Superior (2011-2014) y dirige desde 2011 la Editorial de la Universidad de Coimbra. Preside también The International Plutarch Society por el período 2014-2017. Es autor de numerosos trabajos de investigación, y libros en colaboración, entre ellos D. F. Leão, E. M. Harris, and P. J. Rhodes (eds.), Law and Drama in Ancient Greece (Duckworth, London, 2010); D. F. Leão, and F. Frazier (eds.), Tychè et pronoia. La marche du monde selon Plutarque (Coimbra and Paris, 2010); and D. F. Leão and P. J. Rhodes, The laws of Solon. A new edition, with introduction, translation and commentary (I.B. Tauris, London, 2015). Participa además en el desarrollo de dos plataformas digitales especializadas Classica Digitalia y UC Digitalis.
1 I want to thank Manuel Tröster, who read an earlier version of this paper and whose comments helped me to improve it, especially at the linguistic level. This research was developed under the project UID/ELT/00196/2013, funded by the FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology.
2 (2013). The subject is taken up again by Sänger (2016), in a paper written in German that explores the same basic argument, although extending and concretizing the discussion around the meaning of the term politeuma. I thank the author for having provided me a copy of this work while it was still at proof stage, as well as other material, and for being always available for helpful discussion and friendly criticism during the preparation of this paper, although he cannot be held responsible for the perspectives here expressed, except where his opinions are textually quoted. For the main questions dealing with the politeuma, see also Ruppel (1927); Biscardi (1984); Zuckerman (1985-1988); Lüderitz (1994); Hansen (1994).
3 Sänger (2013: 52). See also Sänger (2015: 35-38).
4 This is probably true even for the politeumata at Sidon. See Sänger (2013: 53-57 and 61).
5 Another possible Jewish politeuma may have existed as well in Alexandria, as seems to be implied by the so called 'Letter of Aristeas', although it is not attested by independent documentation as were those of Herakleopolis and of Berenike, and so its existence (although quite probable) cannot be taken as certain.
6 See Zuckerman (1985–1988); Sänger (2013: 63-66); (2016:41-44).
7 "Die innere Politik", as it is called by Ruppel (1927: 269).
8 Translated by George Norlin (Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1929), available at Perseus Digital Library.
9 On Aristotle's use of politeuma, see Ruppel (1927: 272-275); Lüderitz (1994: 187-188); Hansen (1994), who comments on this specific passage.
10 To illustrate this pattern, see e.g. Polybius, I.3.7-8. For further examples, see Ruppel (1927: 275-279).
11 Sänger (Forthcoming) 5.
12 Ruppel (1927: 289-291).
13 Ruppel (1927:291): "Die Beispiele aus Plutarch bringen keine neue Bedeutung, zeigen aber die bisherige Entwicklung geradezu in voller Entfaltung. Vielleicht ist der Gedanke nicht gänzlich abzulehnen, daß hie und da die Ausdrucksweise der Quellen von Einfluß gewesen sei."
14 In dealing with Comp. Nic. et Crass. 2.1, Duff (1999: 269), translates πολιτεύμασι as 'political lives', but elsewhere, 258-259, he understood it as 'the two men's political conduct'; the implication is that the term clearly corresponds to the global idea of 'political activity'.
15 Ruppel (1927: 290).
16 See supra first section, and the commentary on Pol. III. 1278b8-14. Cf. Pol. III. 1279b7-9: ἡ δ' ὀλιγαρχία πρὸς τὸ τῶν εὐπόρων, ἡ δὲ δημοκρατία πρὸς τὸ συμφέρον τὸ τῶν ἀπόρων. In a passage mentioned infra in the third section (Quaest. Plat. 1011B), Plutarch recalls Demades' saying to the effect that the money given to the people for public shows (therorika) is the 'glue of a democracy' (ὡς ἔλεγε Δημάδης, κόλλαν ὀνομάζων τὰ θεωρικὰ τῆς δημοκρατίας).
17 In this case, it is interesting that the term politeuma occurs in close connection with the idea of looking for 'sanctuary' (ἀσυλίας δεδομένης) and with the expectation of being accepted in the newly founded city of Rome. See also infra commentary on Publ. 21.9-10.
18 In An seni respublica gerenda sit, Plutarch explores the wide semantic field covered by polis-related terms (Πολιεύς, πολιτικός, πολιτεία, πολίτης, πολιτεύω/πολιτεύομαι, πολίτευμα) and carefully interweaves them, allowing the emergence of a coherent 'conceptual iconography' that depicts the portrait of how old men should engage in politics. Given its complexity, however, this question will be dealt with separately, in a different study.
19 See supra section 1, commentary on Polybius I.3.7-8.
20 Tröster (2008: 83), speaks of τοῖς Σύλλα πολιτεύμασι in this passage as 'the institutions of Sulla', following the Loeb translation, although the context of political dispute favours the idea that there was a risk of constitutional change.
21 (1927: 289).
22 In a short reference to this passage, Duff (1999: 308 n. 70), translates the expression ἑλληνικώτατον πολίτευμα, which respects the conclusion of the Archidamian War by Nicias, as the 'most Greek political act', therefore in the same line as Ruppel.
23 Appius Claudius for the Romans; see Livy, Ab Vrb. Cond. II.16.4.
24 The same is implied by Livy (II.16.5): his ciuitas data agerque trans Anienem.
25 Above, in this same section (Rom. 20.2), the term politeuma (in the sense of 'state') was used in context connected with the idea of providing 'sanctuary' (ἀσυλίας δεδομένης) and attract migrant population into the city of Rome.
26 On the integration of this group of Sabines, see Cornell (1995: 76-77 and 174-175).
27 The preliminary results of this approach were presented as a paper ("The use of politeuma as 'conceptual iconography' in Plutarch") delivered at the annual meeting of the Réseau Européen Plutarque, held in Salerno (3-4 December, 2015), in a conference devoted to the topic "Literary Images and Iconography in Plutarch's Works".
Biscardi, A. (1984) "Polis, politeia, politeuma", in Atti del XVII Congresso Internazionale di Papirologia, Napoli, Centro Internazionale per lo Studio dei Papiri Ercolanesi: 1201-1215.
Cornell, T. J. (1995) The Beginnings of Rome. Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (c. 1000-264 BC), London, Repr. 2001.
Duff, T. E. (1999) Plutarch's Lives. Exploring Virtue and Vice, Oxford.
Hansen, M. H. (1994) "Polis, politeuma and politeia. A note on Arist. Pol. 1278b6-14", in David Whitehead (ed.): From Political Architecture to Stephanus Byzantius. Sources for the Ancient Greek Polis, Stuttgart: 91-98.
Lüderitz, G.(1994) "What is the politeuma?", in Jan W. van Henten & Pieter W. van der Horst (eds.): Studies in Early Jewish Epigraphy (Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des Urchristentums, vol. 21), Leiden: 183-225.
Ruppel, W. (1927) "Politeuma. Bedeutungsgeschichte eines staatsrechtlichen Terminus", Philologus, 82: 268-312 and 433-454.
Sänger, P. (2013) "The politeuma in the Hellenistic world (Third to First Century B.C.): a form of organisation to integrate minorities", in Julia Dahlvik, Christoph Reinprecht & Wiebke Sievers (Hg.), Migration und Integration — wissenschaftliche Perspektiven aus Österreich, Vienna: 51-68.
Sänger, P. (2016) "Das politeuma in der hellenistischen Staatenwelt: Eine Organisationsform zur Systemintegration von Minderheiten", in P. Sänger (Hg.), Minderheiten und Migration in der griechisch-römischen Welt: politische, rechtliche, religiöse und kulturelle Aspekte (Studien zur historischen Migrationsforschung 31), Paderborn: 25-45.
Sänger, P. (Forthcoming) "The meaning of the word πολίτευμα in the light of the Judaeo-Hellenistic literature", in T. Derda, A. Łajtar, J. Urbanik (eds.), Proceedings of the 27th International Congress of Papyrology, Warsaw, 29 July – 3 August 2013 (The Journal of Juristic Papyrology. Supplements), Warsaw: Faculty of Law and Administration of the University of Warsaw i.a. (accepted for publication).
Tröster, M. (2008) Themes, Character, and Politics in Plutarch's Life of Lucullus. The Construction of a Roman Aristocrat, Stuttgart.
Zuckerman, C. (1985–1988) "Hellenistic politeumata and the Jews. A Reconsideration", Scripta Classica Israelica, vol. 8/9: 171-185.
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WC11: Amy Reeder Spotlight
Before Amy Reeder arrived for her WonderCon spotlight panel, friend and Tokyopop creator M. Alice Legrow decided to have a bit of fun and hid underneath the panel table in order to surprise her friend upon arrival. The playful move set the tone for the panel as the two comic creators were obviously there to have fun and hoped the audience went along for the ride, which they definitely did.
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Before the panel began in earnest, Reeder took the time to go through her slides she prepared for the presentation, quickly discussing her career in comics.
Reeder began by talking about her first professional work, "Fool's Gold" for Tokyopop. The creator had always been a fan of manga and anime and loved the series "Unico," telling the audience, "I was raised on this. Oh, and I like 'Sailor Moon.'" In a way, Reeder misses her Tokyopop days because she could do everything, write, draw, ink, etc. She explained she enjoys her current career so much because, "I am bad at words," and illustrated storytelling is the best way for her to express herself.
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Thumbnails are a key part of her art process as she has trouble picturing scenes on a large page and it is easier for her to see and picture everything on a smaller scale, which she can then blow up to a larger size.
Reeder revealed that she had previously been offered a chance to work for Marvel, but she didn't quite pass her audition. One of the books she tried out for was "Runaways," when it was still written by Brian K Vaughn, but at the time, she still had trouble drawing action. She was also considered for "Spiderman Loves Mary Jane."
Reeder wrapped the panel answering one final question about how she taught herself to draw action, Reeder shared that she regularly uses an animation book based on the anime "FLCL" as reference. Whenever she's stuck on how to draw a scene or portray the action, she looks through pages of the book for inspiration. She also utilizes a mirror by her drawing board, positioning herself in different dynamic poses and noticing exactly how her body moves and bends. And when she was working on "Fool's Gold" and living at home with her parents, she would ask them to pose for her in variety of ways.
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text:
Analysis of Paper Surface (FTIR)
Paper is made from cellulose fibers separated from wood material. A binder is added and the fibers compressed. To retain strength and hold ink, sizing agents, pigments, clays, and other materials are also applied.
Furthermore, for special applications, some papers have their surface coated with various substances, depending on the application. Examples include paper food containers, adhesive tapes, release papers, coated papers, etc. The best way to analyze the surface of such papers easily is by using an infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and the ATR method.
Results from measuring paper with a variety of surface treatments using the horizontal ATR method are shown below. An overlay of spectra from measuring the front and back surfaces of four types of paper – cardboard, coated paper, milk carton, and release paper, is shown.
Absorption closely resembling kaolin clay is observed near 1000 and 900 cm-1 in the cardboard spectra.
In the coated paper spectra, absorption is observed near 1064 and 800 cm-1 for what is presumably SiO2.
In contrast, absorption for polymers can be confirmed in the milk carton and release paper spectra. For the milk carton, cellulose could not be confirmed on either the front or back side. Instead, absorption for polyethylene is observed. In the release paper spectra, peaks characteristic of silicone polymer are observed near 1260, 1100-1000, and 800 cm-1.
Infrared Spectrophotometers
The ATR method measures samples by pressing them tightly against the surface of a plate-shaped prism made of material with a high refractive index. The surface roughness of paper may vary somewhat depending on the type of paper, but surface spectra can be measured for most papers by pressing them harder and more tightly against the prism.


text:
Maximize positive outcomes for students.
Your vision for effective Multi-Tiered Support Systems (MTSS) requires practical strategies, targeted planning, and efficient tools. Working smarter requires a strong foundation, leadership, professional growth, and resources that make practice easier. The FLPBIS Project offers training and technical assistance, including evaluation resources, to develop systems that sustain a practical, positive and proactive PBIS framework...About PBIS
FLPBIS Events
PBIS Resources
Resource Spotlight
District Resource Mapping Activity
This activity provides an easy way for districts to identify gaps in service provision, support, or monitoring, ultimately helping their school teams "work smarter" as they implement their multi-tiered behavioral framework.
Bragging Corner
Did you create a product that exemplifies PBIS implementation? We would love to hear about it.Brag about it!
FLPBIS on Twitter
PBIS Chat Schedule
PBIS in Florida
Schools Trained in Tier 1: 1,824
Still Active with PBIS: 87%


text:
WALNUT RIDGE, AR (KAIT) - Four months ago, Eric Wilcoxson signed to play baseball with Three Rivers College. But a lot can change in four months.
The Walnut Ridge multi-sport standout kept his recruitment open, and it paid off Tuesday morning. Wilcoxson signed a baseball LOI with Arkansas State. He earned All-State honors this season, helping the Bobcats reach the 2A state semifinals. Wilcoxson played last week for the East in the AHSCA All-Star Baseball Game.
Eric joins Jonesboro High's J.D. Rainwater as Region 8 players in ASU's signing class. Like J.D., Eric was pretty good in football too. He was an 2012 All-State running back for the Bobcats, also earning a spot on the FFN Superteam.
Sum it all up, and ASU gains another athlete that could be in the lineup for the 2014 season.
Jonesboro, AR 72401
(870) 931-8888
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text:
2018 BMW 2 Series
M240i Convertible
Internet Price Includes BMW Incentives/Rebates! Ask Dealer for details!
About This BMW
2018 BMW 2 Series
M240i Convertible
|Used Clear Title
|8 Spd Automatic
|Rear Wheel Drive
|Exterior Color
|Mineral White Metallic
|Cognac Lthr w/Dark Brown hglgt
|Stock #
|Full Factory Warranty
Vehicle OverviewSave thousands on this Loaner Demo Special! This BMW came with an original MSRP of $57,470! Internet Price Includes BMW Incentives/Rebates! Ask Dealer for details! This 2018 BMW M240i Convertible has a Mineral White Metallic exterior and Cognac/Dark Brown Leather interior! Options include a Sport Automatic Transmission, Navigation System, Premium Package, Heated Front Seats, Comfort Access, Power Front Seats, Park Distance Control, BMW Assist w/ Bluetooth, Rear View Camera, Real Time Traffic Information, Harman Kardon Sound System, 18" Wheels, Split Fold Down Rear Seats, and Anti-Theft Alarm System.
Loaner cars are handpicked out of our new car inventory to be set aside for our customers to drive. Pampered by our customers just as they do their own BMW, these cars are gently used and now available for sale. These low mileage DEMO's also qualify for most NEW CAR incentives! They are a great way to get into a gorgeous Nearly-New BMW at the price of a used one! Ask us about our Special Owner's Choice Lease Programs and BMW Select Financing! You will be amazed at how affordable this car will be!
BMW of Gwinnett Place was just awarded Center of Excellence for the sixth consecutive time! BMW of Gwinnett Place is the only BMW dealership in Georgia to win this prestigious award! The Center of Excellence Award is reserved for dealers who distinguish their operation through exceptional performance, brand representation, and outstanding customer experience.
BMW of Gwinnett Place is proud to be the #1 volume BMW dealer in the Nation as well as the largest retailer in Penske Automotive Group. BMW of North America has awarded BMW of Gwinnett Place with it's SIXTH consecutive Center of Excellence Award for 2016! BMW of Gwinnett Place is the only BMW dealership in Georgia to win this prestigious award!
Please Email Us or Call our Internet Department Directly at 888-246-5034 to Schedule Your Test Drive Today!
In order to protect our own inventory from theft, all our new vehicles come pre-installed with
Financing Information
Contact us today at 844-617-3436 for more information, or fill out our Online Credit Application to begin the pre-approval process today.
Payment Calculator
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Warranty InformationThis Vehicle is Covered by the Full Factory Warranty. Contact us for more information on the factory warranty.
If you are interested in one of our vehicles and have a question on available warranties, please contact us!
Contact Us at 844-617-3436
BMW of Gwinnett Place3264 Commerce Ave., Duluth, Georgia 30096
Call Us About This Vehicle: 844-617-3436
- Heated Front Seats
- Navigation System
- Remote Services
- Advanced Real-Time Traffic Information
- Instrument Cluster w/Extended Contents
- Heated Steering Wheel
- vehicle-specific equalization and powerful 600-watt amplifier
- 16-speaker system includes 6 tweeters
- 4 midrange speakers located in door panels and 2 midrange speakers located under the rear shelf space
- 2 bass speakers located under the front seats
- 1 midrange center channel speaker and 1 tweeter located in the instrument cluster
- Parking Assistant
Features & Specifications*
- Engine: 3.0L TwinPower Turbo Inline 6-Cylinder 24V
- Transmission: 8-Speed Sport Automatic
- Engine Auto Stop-Start Feature
- Transmission w/Driver Selectable Mode and Sequential Shift Control w/Steering Wheel Controls
- Rear-wheel drive
- 2.81 Axle Ratio
- Engine oil cooler
- 90-Amp/Hr Maintenance-Free Battery
- Regenerative 210 Amp Alternator
- Gas-pressurized shock absorbers
- Front And Rear Anti-Roll Bars
- Automatic w/Driver Control Ride Control Sport Tuned Adaptive Suspension
- Electric Power-Assist Steering
- 13.7 Gal. Fuel Tank
- Quasi-Dual Stainless Steel Exhaust w/Dark Chrome Tailpipe Finisher
- Strut Front Suspension w/Coil Springs
- Multi-link rear suspension w/coil springs
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes w/4-Wheel ABS, Front And Rear Vented Discs, Brake Assist and Hill Hold Control
- Vehicle Name : BMW 2 Series
- Body Style : Convertible
- Drivetrain : Rear Wheel Drive
- EPA Classification : Subcompact Cars
- Base Curb Weight (lbs) : 3790
- Engine Type : Intercooled Turbo Premium Unleaded I-6
- Displacement : 3.0 L/183
- Fuel System : Gasoline Direct Injection
- SAE Net Horsepower @ RPM : 335 @ 5500
- SAE Net Torque @ RPM : 369 @ 1520
- Trans Order Code : 2TB
- Trans Type : 8
- Trans Description Cont. : Automatic w/OD
- First Gear Ratio (:1) : 5.00
- Second Gear Ratio (:1) : 3.20
- Third Gear Ratio (:1) : 2.14
- Fourth Gear Ratio (:1) : 1.72
- Fifth Gear Ratio (:1) : 1.31
- Sixth Gear Ratio (:1) : 1.00
- Reverse Ratio (:1) : 3.46
- Final Drive Axle Ratio (:1) : 2.81
- Maximum Alternator Capacity (amps) : 210
- Suspension Type - Front : Strut
- Suspension Type - Rear : Multi-Link
- Suspension Type - Front (Cont.) : Strut
- Suspension Type - Rear (Cont.) : Multi-Link
- Steering Type : Rack-Pinion
- Turning Diameter - Curb to Curb (ft) : 35.8
- Brake ABS System : 4-Wheel
- Disc - Front (Yes or ) : Yes
- Disc - Rear (Yes or ) : Yes
- Front Brake Rotor Diam x Thickness (in) : 13.4
- Rear Brake Rotor Diam x Thickness (in) : 13.6
- Seventh Gear Ratio (:1) : 0.82
- Eighth Gear Ratio (:1) : 0.64
- Wheels: 18" M Double-Spoke Bi-Color (719M) -inc: (18" x 7.5" front/18"x 8.0" rear)
- Tires: P225/40R18 Fr & P245/35R18 Rr Performance
- Mobility Kit
- Clearcoat paint
- Body-colored front bumper
- Body-Colored Rear Bumper w/Gray Rub Strip/Fascia Accent
- Body-colored door handles
- Black Side Windows Trim And Black Front Windshield Trim
- Metal-Look Power Heated Side Mirrors w/Driver Auto Dimming, Power Folding and Turn Signal Indicator
- Fixed Rear Window w/Defroster
- Light tinted glass
- Speed Sensitive Rain Detecting Variable Intermittent Wipers w/Heated Jets
- Fully Galvanized Steel Panels
- Black grille w/chrome surround
- Power Convertible Top w/Lining, Glass Rear Window, Automatic Roll-Over Protection and Manual Wind Blocker
- Trunk Rear Cargo Access
- Tailgate/Rear Door Lock Included w/Power Door Locks
- Perimeter/Approach Lights
- LED brakelights
- Fully Automatic Projector Beam Led Low/High Beam Auto-Leveling Directionally Adaptive Daytime Running Lights Preference Setting Headlamps w/Delay-Off
- Front Tire Size : P225/40YR18
- Rear Tire Size : P245/35YR18
- Front Wheel Size (in) : 18 x 7.5
- Rear Wheel Size (in) : 18 x 8
- Front Wheel Material : Aluminum
- Rear Wheel Material : Aluminum
- Wheelbase (in) : 105.9
- Length, Overall (in) : 175.9
- Width, Max w/o mirrors (in) : 69.8
- Height, Overall (in) : 55.6
- Track Width, Front (in) : 59.9
- Track Width, Rear (in) : 61.3
- Trunk Volume (ft³) : 11.8
- Radio: AM/FM Audio System
- Radio w/Seek-Scan, Clock, Speed Compensated Volume Control, Aux Audio Input Jack, Steering Wheel Controls and Radio Data System
- Audio Theft Deterrent
- Fixed Diversity Antenna
- In-dash CD player
- SiriusXM Satellite Radio -inc: 1 year All Access subscription
- Hi-fi sound system
- 1 LCD Monitor In The Front
- Front sport seats
- Power Front Seats
- 12-Way Driver Seat -inc: Manual Cushion Extension
- 12-Way Passenger Seat -inc: Manual Cushion Extension
- Full Folding Bench Front Facing Fold Forward Seatback Rear Seat
- Manual tilt/telescoping steering column
- Gauges -inc: Speedometer, Odometer, Tachometer, Trip Odometer And Trip Computer
- Power Rear Windows
- ConnectedDrive Services Full Service Internet Access
- Sport Leather/Metal-Look Steering Wheel
- Front cupholder
- Front Cigar Lighter(s)
- Ashtray
- Interior Lock Disable
- Valet Function
- Power Fuel Flap Locking Type
- Remote Keyless Entry w/Integrated Key Transmitter, 2 Door Curb/Courtesy, Illuminated Entry and Panic Button
- Proximity Key For Doors And Push Button Start
- Remote Releases -Inc: Proximity Cargo Access
- Garage Door Transmitter
- Cruise control w/steering wheel controls
- Dual Zone Front Automatic Air Conditioning
- HVAC -inc: Underseat Ducts, Residual Heat Recirculation And Console Ducts
- Illuminated locking glove box
- Driver foot rest
- Full cloth headliner
- Leatherette door trim insert
- Leather/Metal-Look Gear Shift Knob
- Interior Trim -inc: Aluminum Instrument Panel Insert, Aluminum Door Panel Insert, Aluminum Console Insert and Piano Black/Metal-Look Interior Accents
- SensaTec Upholstery
- Driver And Passenger Visor Vanity Mirrors w/Driver And Passenger Illumination
- Day-Night Auto-Dimming Rearview Mirror
- Full Floor Console w/Covered Storage, Rear Console w/Storage and 3 12V DC Power Outlets
- Front map lights
- Fade-to-off interior lighting
- Full Carpet Floor Covering -inc: Carpet Front And Rear Floor Mats
- Carpet Floor Trim And Carpet Trunk Lid/Rear Cargo Door Trim
- Cargo Area Concealed Storage
- Cargo net
- Cargo Space Lights
- Tracker System
- Smart Device Integration
- FOB Controls -inc: Trunk/Hatch/Tailgate, Windows and Sunroof/Convertible Roof
- Hands-Free Bluetooth & USB Audio Connection
- Increased top speed limiter
- Driver And Passenger Door Bins
- Delayed Accessory Power
- Power Door Locks w/Autolock Feature
- Power 1st Row Windows w/Front And Rear 1-Touch Up/Down
- Systems Monitor
- Trip computer
- Outside temp gauge
- Analog Display
- Manual Adjustable Front Head Restraints And Manual Adjustable Rear Head Restraints
- Sliding front center armrest
- 2 Seatback Storage Pockets
- Lumbar Support
- Perimeter alarm
- Engine immobilizer
- 3 12V DC Power Outlets
- Air filtration
- Passenger Capacity : 4
- Front Head Room (in) : 40.5
- Front Leg Room (in) : 41.5
- Front Shoulder Room (in) : 54.4
- Second Head Room (in) : 37
- Second Leg Room (in) : 31.8
- Second Shoulder Room (in) : 42.2
- Electronic stability control (ESC)
- ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Side Impact Beams
- Dual Stage Driver And Passenger Seat-Mounted Side Airbags
- BMW Assist eCall Emergency Sos
- Tire Specific Low Tire Pressure Warning
- Dual Stage Driver And Passenger Front Airbags
- Airbag Occupancy Sensor
- Outboard Front Lap And Shoulder Safety Belts -inc: Pretensioners
- Driver And Passenger Side Airbag Head Extension, Driver And Passenger Knee Airbag
- Back-up camera
- Fuel Economy Est-Combined (MPG) : 24
- EPA Fuel Economy Est - City (MPG) : 21
- EPA Fuel Economy Est - Hwy (MPG) : 30
- Tons/yr of CO2 Emissions @ 15K mi/year : 7.4
- Fuel Tank Capacity, Approx (gal) : 13.7
- 5,797 Miles
- Full Factory Warranty. Contact seller for details.
- No Known Accidents
- No Known Bodywork
Advertised service loaners may not be immediately available for demonstration or delivery. See dealer to schedule an appointment.
All advertised prices exclude government fees and taxes, any finance charges, any dealer document processing charge, any electronic filing charge, and any emission testing charge.
All advertised prices expire at midnight on the day of posting.


text:
Pam Bondi files appeal, asking U.S. Supreme Court to delay sodomite marriage in Florida
by Steven
Yesterday, Pam Bondi, Florida's Attorney General, filed an emergency appeal with the U.S. Supreme Court in an attempt to block sodomite marriages from commencing in Florida in early January.
If the U.S. Supreme Court rules in our attorney generals' favour, sodomite couples will be blocked from getting marriage licenses in Florida. Florida will also not have to honor sodomite marriage licenses from other States.
However, if the court rejects Miss Bondi's petition, or simply does not take action, sodomites and lesbians will lawfully be allowed to get "married" in Florida on January 6th.
This comes on the heels of the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals in Atlanta rejecting this same motion by Miss Bondi two weeks ago.
For the record, the Supreme Court has said no to all other similar requests by other State's attorney generals.
This elucidates two problems to solve: The first problem to solve is how to stop activist judges from having this sort of dictatorial power. The second problem is how we keep Florida's attorney general from having to plead to the organized crime syndicate located on the Potomac to stop it.
The answer to the latter as usual is: SECEDE!
The problem with living in a "nation" (Murika!) wherein everyone and everything is equal is that nothing is really truly valued anymore. If something can mean anything to everyone (e.g. traditional marriage), does it really mean anything anymore? Perhaps that is the real idea behind this spiritual battle to begin with.
Floridians and Southerners must dump D.C. and abjure the realm. As a Christian people and with the Lord's help, we can do much better on our own.


text:
"A dome with a view! An ecological base for superb hiking adventures in the heart of Torres del Paine National Park"
Congregate around the wood-burning stove in the large dining dome for drinks before dinner. Then retire, with a hot water bottle and a lamp, to your geodesic dome: wooden floors, real beds with lots of warm bedding, and a window in the roof to see the stars. EcoCamp has minimal impact on the environment, but shared eco-bathrooms with loos and hot showers (and compost loos in the Suite Domes) feel like the real thing. Feel the wind and hear the birdsong, and in the morning when you open your tent flap, it's a miracle to see the Torres right there, lit by the morning light, beckoning you to get out there and hike.
- Fabulous views right from your tent flap, and you can see the stars through a window in the roof
- Excellent hiking in the heart of Torres del Paine National Park without having a long drive beforehand
- The guiding is first-class, and back at camp there's a warm, friendly atmosphere created by the excellent staff
- A very environmentally friendly set-up, both in the building and the way EcoCamp is run
- You can only stay at EcoCamp as part of a package, but they're excellent
- Though comfortable, bear in mind that the standard tents are unheated, and you'll need to wrap up warmly to go to the shower block
- There aren't any tents for single travellers, so you'll be sharing with someone else of the same sex if travelling alone
Best time to go
At any time of year, Torres del Paine National Park has its own microclimate: unpredictable."
Our top tips
- Tented Camp
- 25
- All inclusive
- Over 6s welcome
- Open all year
- Pool
- Spa Treatments
- WiFi
- Pet Friendly
- Disabled Access
- Beach Nearby
- Off-street Parking
- Restaurants Nearby
- Air Conditioning
- Guest Lounge
- Terrace
- Garden
- Gym
Your room is a geodesic dome, inspired by the circular dwellings of the region's native Alacalufe people.
There are 15 standard tents in all - 4 doubles, and all the rest twins or triples - so ask in advance if you want a double. Single travellers will normally share a tent with another of the same sex. This small number of tents not only limits environmental impact, but creates an intimate feel - far from the overcrowded atmosphere in the rest of the park's campsites. Tents come with composting loos and are well spaced out over open ground so that you have plenty of privacy. They're connected by wooden walkways to both the dining room tent and the shared bathroom block.
Inside, tents are spacious and tall enough so that you can stand comfortably: 2m high, and 4m in diameter. There are wooden floors with sheepskin rugs, and sturdy wooden beds with lots of warm linen: fleece sheets and feather duvets keep you snug, despite the lack of heating. But as with normal camping, you're still exposed to the elements. EcoCamp tents are designed to be stronger than the usual tents, but can be noisy when the wind blows.
The bathroom block is divided into male and female communal areas, where there are hot showers and flushing toilets. Environmental credentials are impeccable: no fossil fuels are used to heat the water, and the block uses an ecological waste management system.
A swankier option is one of the Suite Domes or Suite Dome Lofts. These are more spacious and come with a full private bathroom. The suites are heated by the low-emission wood stove and are situated in the Lenga Forest, close to the standard domes but still far enough away to provide an intimate feeling.
Features include:
- Extra beds
- Feather quilts
Whether picnicking on a hike or dining at EcoCamp, you'll find the food is plentiful and delicious. Breakfast is an impressive spread, served on buffet tables in the dining dome: fresh fruit salad, fresh orange juice, home-baked bread with local jams, cheeses, cold meats and scrambled eggs cooked to order. There's even good coffee.
Lunch is brought with you on hikes, and you can choose the elements you'd like from a buffet table after breakfast.
Dinner is a cheery social event beginning with a gathering in front of the wood-burning stove. You'll be served a pisco sour, and homemade dips and nibbles are handed round while everyone chats and reflects on the day. Dinner is a 3-course meal every night, and all dietary needs are taken into consideration. Expect soups, hearty stews and lots of rice and pasta to keep you going the following day. Our tarte tatin was particularly good.
Features include:
- All meals included
- Children's meals
- Vegetarian menu
- Torres del Paine is a hiking paradise. Since EcoCamp is in the middle of the park, there's lots of choice, and you'll be led by expert guides who know the terrain well and are trained in all aspects of first aid and safety. On longer hikes, you may stay overnight in one of the park's well-established refugios, and in that case - porters will carry your pack. There are hiking packages of various lengths, with different hikes organised every day, and highlights include the stunning Grey Glacier, the Paine Towers and Laguna Azul
- The park is rich in wildlife, and special wildlife watching trips can also be arranged
- Other activity programmes include horse riding and sea kayaking trips in the beautiful fjords around the park.
- Massage is on offer at the nearby Hosteria de Las Torres
- One of the great pleasures of EcoCamp is that you're already in spectacular scenery, so you could easily extend your stay in the camp, and spend time painting, reading or reflecting on the views
Activities on site or nearby include:
- Birdwatching
- Hiking
- Horse riding
- Kayaking
- Massage
- Plantlife / flora
- Trekking
- Wildlife
Children aged 6-12 years are welcome on the Wildlife Safari package only; EcoCamp is best for teenagers probably, especially for those families who believe outdoor activities should be enjoyed together. The Patagonian Wildlife Safari programme explores the Torres del Paine National Park and has soft and active excursions to choose from, ideal for families.
Best for:
Teens (over 12)
Family friendly accommodation:
The Suite Dome with an extra bed is the best option for a family of 3. Larger families should book one of the Suite Dome Lofts which can take up to 4 people. Both are cosy with a wood stove.
Children's meals:
Special requests can be catered for with advance notice.
Kids Activities nearby:
- Hiking
- Boat trips
- Wildlife watching
- Micro Safari
Families Should Know:
Note there are no cots, babysitting or rooms with bathtubs. All domes are connected by walkways.
- Airport: 2.5-5.5 hours
- Hospital: 2.5 hours
For more family-friendly places, see our Kids Collection


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av8ingtom Zen Master
- Male
- 60
- from Virginia Beach, Va
- Member since Sep 28th 2016
- Last Activity
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I will not be able to make it this year. Family weekend every Labor Day and I do not want to upset the entire family not being there.
ThomaSS -
Sure hope it works out and your able to make it out to Stockport.
We have a family get together every Labor Day weekend. But I will try.
ThomaSS -
I understand. Initially we were going to plan this for next year, then decided it wasn't too late to try to get it in this year. Unfortunately we were up against limited dates at Stockport Inn.
Did I give you a business card? if so it has my e-mail, if ya want, shoot me an e-mail, I'll send ya an Excel file with info... planned rides, links and such for you to look over. We'll have more flexibility next year to get dates that work better for everyone.
No. I do not sign up for any of the group rides. We do our own rides everyday. Believe me you will have a blast with our crew. We stop for lunch and plenty of sight seeing and photos.
Thanks for the invite. I am busy tomorrow though. I have to spend some time with the wife. I have been busy with my DJ Business the last 8 weeks and no time with her. I should be free next weekend.


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Calling all makers, tinkerers, entrepreneurs, inventors, techies, scientists, engineers, artists, designers, performers, dreamers, and schemers!
We are looking for makers of all kinds to show their stuff and share their passion for making!
It's time to get ready for the 4th Annual Greater Hartford Mini Maker Faire and we need your creative, innovative projects to be a part of this exciting event!
Greater Hartford Mini Maker Faire
Saturday October 6, 2018 10:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m
Connecticut's Old State House, 800 Main St, Hartford, CT
What are the characteristics we are looking for as Makers?
A do-it-yourself project that is unique, inspiring, engaging, and interactive with observers. It tells a story. It might be a piece of art, a tool, or a project that does something different. It should be something that hasn't been seen before, or at least by few people. It should not be for commercial purposes. The Maker needs to be there to demo and explain. It's okay to take commercial things and do a "mash-up" that repurposes in unique and "ah hah" ways, like an underwater bicycle.
Who should apply for a Greater Hartford Mini Maker Faire booth?
Local, regional, and national groups, clubs, individuals, schools, libraries, universities, and hobbyists who can demonstrate or actually show the making of their invention/craft/project in a contained booth setting or workshop.
What does it cost to exhibit?
Applicants who are chosen by a review panel to participate will receive a 10'x10' area at no charge. A table and 2 chairs will be provided. Those applicants who also wish to offer their inventions/crafts/artwork for sale at Greater Hartford Mini Maker Faire may be asked to pay a fee for their booth space.


text:
April, 1905
Desolation Point, my prison for the
next year, emerged from the fog. Each rhythmic stroke from the two sturdy
sailors took me closer to land. The tender ship, now a hazy outline, swayed in
a world of fog-shrouded gray. A tingle of dread raced up my backbone as I
remembered whispered conversations about this cursed place. I pulled my cloak
closer and wrinkled my nose at the damp wool's pungent odor.
Last night, Orin sneaked into my
bedroom with the same tired question, "Do you believe in ghosts?"
"No." I'd kept my voice steady, so
he wouldn't hear my fright, and repeated what we'd heard Father tell Mother.
"The October shipwrecks for the past seven years were caused by bad weather."
"But there could be ghosts around.
Think about all the men who drowned."
"I don't believe in ghosts."
Orin changed topics. "Are you
worried about finding the body of a murdered man or meeting a murderer?"
"Orin," I said sternly, "you're
scaring yourself."
like to see a ghost. Maybe the last lighthouse keeper murdered the missing sea
captain and the assistant keeper."
said the head keeper had been dismissed because he used strong spirits, not
because he murdered anyone."
what happened to his assistant and to Diamond Dan?"
don't know. Nobody knows." I turned my back to my brother, hoping he would take
the hint and go back to his bed.
could solve the mysteries." Orin tapped the middle of my back. "Well, you
could. You're real smart, Mary, but I could help."
not going to look for either ghosts or murderers. You should go to bed."
Orin left, I pulled the pillow over my head trying to block the knowledge of
the terrible events spawned at Desolation Point, but time could not be blocked.
And today I sat in a rowboat, getting ever closer to the place which existed
under a spell of misfortune.
see the lighthouse."
Orin jumped from his seat and pointed to the white conical form with the black
railing, I grabbed his arm and jerked him back to his spot, fearful his antics
would swamp us.
stop rocking the boat!" Father's voice boomed over the clamor of the waves and
the howl of the wind. He used hand motions to tell me to shift my weight to the
left, then uncoiled the rope and threw it over the dock's upright timber.
lifted my chin and looked at Mother for encouragement. She offered a wan smile
and dropped her gaze. Father never talked much, and sometimes loneliness
overwhelmed Mother. Before we left, Aunt Catherine reminded me I'd have to help
during Mother's "resting times." Mother's shoulders rose and fell with deep
breaths. She studied her hands, not
raising her head to look at our new home. I'd seen that vacant expression on
Mother's face before, and it forecast a difficult day.
Charles, the taller of the two
sailors, extended an oar to a short bow-legged man dressed in a pea coat and a
cap with ear flaps tied under his chin. His shape looked like a Humpty-Dumpty
egg and his large middle made his arms and legs look like skinny sticks.
"Hans Frankel," he said and snugged
up a second rope from the rowboat to the landing. "Glad to see my replacement."
Father grasped his hand, steadying
his movement from the rocking boat to the landing. "Eli Kruger. Harriet and
Mary." Father pointed to us and then grabbed Orin, who lost his balance when he
jumped from the boat seat to the dock. "My boy, Orin. He's pretty excited about
living at a lighthouse."
Frankel raised and lowered his
eyebrows a couple of times in Orin's direction. "And Desolation Point
Lighthouse harbors scary secrets and mysteries." Mr. Frankel helped me from the boat. "Got a
couple of youngsters myself. We're in Belle Harbor If you tried to walk to
there, it would take more than two weeks. Not many could handle this remote
"We can!" Orin dashed toward our
new quarters and raced around the lighthouse before the wobbly sensation left
my legs and my stomach settled.
Orin raced toward us, arms extended
like a soaring seagull, and skidded to a stop next to me. "Mr. Frankel, do you think Diamond Dan
stashed his treasure on this point?"
"Captain Dan, now that's a tale. I
wager Mary would like to hear that story too." Mr. Frankel glanced from me to
Orin and laced his fingers over his ample belly. "I'm start with Dan. The man
loved diamonds. It's rumored he traded all his savings for the pretty baubles.
Could be a legend, could be truth. I don't know of anyone who actually saw
them, except the ones he wore."
"Mary and I can look for those
diamonds. Right Mary?"
"Sure." I ruffled Orin's hair, feeling
braver with my feet on solid ground.
Mr. Frankel gestured to a spot left
of the dock. "Dan's ship wrecked right out here."
Charles coughed heavily, then
bumped against Mr. Frankel and pointed to the dock full of boxes and barrels.
"Frankel, spare us your long-winded tales. There's work to do."
Instead of helping Charles and
Arnold, Mr. Frankel moved next to Mother and twisted the toe of his boot. "I'm
not much of a housekeeper. Place is pretty much as that miserable drunk left
Father patted the shorter man on
the back. "You came here as a light keeper, not a housekeeper, right?"
"True. And you'll find the light in
immaculate condition and the watch log up to date. I lived in the room off the stairway and did
my cooking on an open fire."
"I'd have done the same," Father
said. "No need for one man to rattle around in a family house."
Frankel rocked back on his heels.
"Woodpile and water barrel are full. Have to tell you, I'm eager to get away
from this place."
"Because of the ghosts?" Orin
bounced from one foot to the other.
"Maybe. Lots of shipwrecks, so
plenty of dead men prowling about." Mr. Frankel grabbed Orin's shoulders,
causing him to jump.
"You got me." Orin shook himself
like a wet dog. "Have you seen any?"
"Can't say I have. Heard some
strange sounds, but never saw an apparition." Mr. Frankel turned to Father.
"I'd worry more about wolves than ghosts. Had a big one as a regular visitor,
brave as brass. Most shy away from humans, but not this one. If you see him
drooling, shoot."
"I'm a decent shot," Father said.
I'm learning," Orin puffed out his skinny chest. "Maybe I'll kill the wolf."
probably be too busy watching for ghosts." Father smiled at my brother with a
gentleness I only saw when he looked at Orin.
Frankel motioned to the weather-beaten shed. "Fellows, you can use the sled for
the barrels and boxes. Have to act like horses in harness to pull these
supplies up the hill, but it's a lot easier than doing it by hand."
Orin followed the sailors, Father turned the conversation back to the most
recent mystery surrounding our new home.
know what happened here?" Father asked.
knows. Light went out. A keeper and an assistant were assigned here, but when
the boat arrived to check on the light, the keeper was alone. Lots of blood and
no assistant keeper."
leaned closer so I wouldn't miss any details.
the keeper is in a special hospital," Father said.
is. Most think he killed his assistant, but no body's been found."
you didn't say anything to my boy. Don't need to put thoughts of murdered men
in his head." Father reached into his pocket for a big brass key. "Harriet, you
and Mary go to the quarters. These men will need a good meal before they


text:
The a metabolic process is considered the primary goal for those who seek to monitor and control their weight gain, but the speed of how your body burn calories depends on several factors with no doubt . Men tend to burn more calories than that the ladies burn, even during the rest period. It also slows down the metabolism of many people dramatically after reaching the forty age .
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