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DNA: Whose Is It, Orange County Crime Lab s or the District Attorney s?
- Anis Russell
- 3 years ago
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1 1. SUMMARY In Orange County, two different agencies perform similar yet different services in the collection of samples of DNA, the deoxyribonucleic acid that carries genetic information. The Orange County Crime Lab (OCCL) collects forensic DNA from crime scenes and obtains DNA samples from felony suspects that can be uploaded into the FBI Laboratory s Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) and the State s DNA Index System (SDIS). The Orange County District Attorney s DNA unit (OCDA) collects voluntary DNA samples from low-level felony drug possession suspects and non-violent misdemeanor suspects, neither of which are eligible for uploading into CODIS, SDIS or the National DNA Index System (NDIS). 2. REASON FOR INVESTIGATION This study was conducted to investigate possible duplication of effort and/or expense in DNA processing, such as typing of samples, uploading and database storage, and to determine if there is possible waste and conflicts created by multiple databases of similar information. DNA analysis has become the important scientific tool in law enforcement s arsenal. 3. METHOD OF INVESTIGATION The Grand Jury gathered information in interviews and site tours, from websites and numerous meetings with personnel from the Orange County Sheriff s Department, the Orange County District Attorney s office, the Orange County Crime Lab, members of the Board of Supervisors, and other public officials. Research included reading and reviewing the following reports, documents, and articles: Qual- ASCLD Am erican Society of Crime Laboratory Directors BILL OCDA s D NA d atabase COD IS C om bined D NA Index System DNA deoxyribonucleic acid LDIS L ocal DNA Index Sys tem NDIS Na tional DNA Index System OCCL Orange County C rime La b OCDA Orange C ounty D istrict Attorney SDIS State DNA I ndex System ity Assurance Standards for Forensic DNA Testing Laboratories 1 ; OCDA DNA Expansion Project Cooperative Agreement 2 ; Program Abstract, Forensic DNA Unit Efficiency Improvement Program Orange County Sheriff 3 ; Stakeholders Panel on DNA Testing 4 ; Report from the Stakeholders Panel on DNA Testing 5 ; articles from LATimes.com 6 ; article from OCRegister.com 7 ; price agreement between Bode Technology Group, Inc. and OCDA 8 ; letter to Hon. Patrick J. Leahy, Chairman, Senate Committee on the Judiciary 9. 1 Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quality Assurance Standards for Forensic DNA Testing Laboratories and Quality Assurance Standards for Convicted Offender DNA Databasing Laboratories, Forensic Science Communications, July 2000, Volume 2, Number 3. 2 Agenda Staff Report, Board of Supervisors, Meeting Date 10/20/09 3 Orange County Sheriff, Forensic DNA Unit Efficiency Improvement Program, FY Full Report to the Board of Supervisors on the Meetings of the Stakeholders Panel on DNA Testing, October Agenda Staff Report, Board of Supervisors, Meeting Date 10/28/08 6 Showdown over DNA lab reflects national debate, 11/2/09; O.C. board seeks review of DNA crime lab, databases, 11/3/09; Arrested in O.C.? A DNA sample could buy freedom, 11/3/09; Orange County D.A. s DNA database rapidly growing, 11/3/09 67 Trust issues at heart of fight over proposed DNA lab, 11/2/09 8 Price Agreement between Bode Technology Group and OCDA/ DNA Unit dated 1/14/09 9 The American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors (ASCLD) letter, Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward, dated March 17, Orange County Grand Jury Page 1
2 4. BACKGROUND AND FACTS The FBI Laboratory s Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) began as a pilot software project in 1990 serving 14 state and local laboratories. The DNA Identification Act of 1994 formalized the FBI s authority to establish a National DNA Index System (NDIS) for law enforcement purposes. Today, over 170 public law enforcement laboratories participate in NDIS across the United States. Internationally, more than 40 law enforcement laboratories in over 25 countries use the CODIS software for their own database initiatives 10. CODIS generates investigative leads in cases in which biological evidence is recovered from the crime scene. Matches made among profiles in the Forensic Index can link crime scenes together, possibly identifying serial offenders. Based upon a match, police from more than one jurisdiction can coordinate their investigations and share the leads they developed independently. Matches made between the Forensic and Offender Indexes provide investigators with the identity of suspected perpetrators. Since names and other identifiable information are not stored at NDIS, qualified DNA analysts in the laboratories sharing matching profiles contact each other to confirm the candidate match Nuclear DNA Nuclear DNA is found in the nucleus of the cell. It is inherited from both the mother and the father. Nuclear DNA analysis targets areas of the nuclear DNA called Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) for entry into CODIS. Nuclear DNA can be found in samples from blood, semen, and bones. Samples also can be obtained from cigarette butts, shirt collars, hats, weapons, bottles and envelopes which the suspect has touched or worn. CODIS allows for the entry 10 U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation pamphlet, CODIS Combined DNA Index System 11 ibid. of 13 core STR loci into indexes based on specimen categories Mitochondrial DNA Mitochondrial DNA (mtdna) is found in the mitochondria of the cell. It is inherited only from the mother. Mitochondrial DNA is generally extracted from biological items of evidence such as hair, bones and teeth. Typically, these samples contain low concentrations of degraded DNA, often making them unsuitable for nuclear DNA examinations. The aspect of maternal inheritance is useful in missing persons cases in which direct DNA reference samples often are not available, but since many individuals can have the same mtdna type, unique identifications are not possible using only mtdna analyses. CODIS allows for the entry of mtdna only in missing persons related indexes Proposition 69 Realizing that DNA can be used both to include and to exclude possible suspects in criminal matters, the Orange County District Attorney (OCDA) instituted the Innocent Review Panel in 2000, which ultimately led to the passage of Proposition 69 by California voters in November The DNA Fingerprint, Unsolved Crime and Innocence Protection Act expands and modifies state law regarding the collection and use of criminal offender DNA samples by giving the Attorney General s Office, California Department of Justice, and many other state and local agencies the responsibility of implementing the new law. 14 In Orange County, the District Attorney employs the latest DNA technology to solve both violent and property crimes and maximizes the use of DNA technology, offender DNA sample tracking, and automated high through-put DNA analysis procedures ibid. 13 ibid biennialreport2009.pdf Page Orange County Grand Jury
3 4.4 Orange County s DNA Database Systems There are two types of DNA databases being used in Orange County. The first and largest database system is the Federal Bureau of Investigation s CODIS structure which includes the National DNA Index System (NDIS), the California Department of Justice State DNA Index System (SDIS) and the Orange County Crime Lab s Local DNA Index System (LDIS) comprising felony offender profiles and forensic crime scene profiles. DNA samples collected from felony offenders and at crime scenes must be analyzed by an accredited laboratory, such as the Orange County Crime Lab before they can be uploaded into CODIS. The second type of database system in Orange County is the Orange County District Attorney s BILL 16, comprising nonviolent misdemeanor suspect profiles. DNA samples collected from low-level drug possession suspects and nonviolent misdemeanor suspects, such as petty theft, trespassing, and property crimes, are not eligible for CODIS, which accepts only felony suspects and forensic crime scene profiles. 4.5 District Attorney s Database System The District Attorney s office says that its research indicates that 8% of previously convicted criminals commit 80% of all crimes. In other words, a small percentage of the criminal population offends repeatedly. Therefore, expanding the number of DNA profiles in a misdemeanor database should lead to solving more crimes and to reducing the recidivism rate. In order to expand the number of DNA profiles collected in Orange County, the OCDA submitted a grant application to the National Institute of Justice in The grant funds were to be used to develop a DNA information-sharing model (database) in which police agencies, the district attorney s office, and the laboratories that processed and analyzed the 16 BILL is not an acronym; it is simply the name chosen by the database administrator. DNA samples would cooperate. Orange County was one of five grant applicants chosen for funding (Los Angeles, Denver, Phoenix and Topeka were the other four). In 2005, the OCDA met with then-orange County Sheriff-Coroner Mike Carona, who was overseeing the OCCL, and allegedly offered to fund the additional collection and analysis of DNA from misdemeanor offenders and create a separate database for this information. Because of the newness of the technology, at that time the OCCL (and other crimes labs throughout the country) were burdened with a backlog of unprocessed DNA samples from crime scenes. The addition of more samples collected under this new low-level, nonviolent crimes project would add to the lab s backlog and increase the turn-around time, which is crucial to solving property crimes. Therefore, Carona rejected the District Attorney s offer. Because of that rejection, the OCDA decided to establish a separate unit to collect, process, analyze, and store DNA samples collected from misdemeanor offenders. In 2007, with financial support ($875,000) from the Orange County Board of Supervisors, the District Attorney s office launched the misdemeanor crimes DNA database (BILL) to be housed in a secured location outside the OCCL. To date, five collection sites have been established: the Central Justice Center (Santa Ana), the North Justice Center (Fullerton), the Harbor Justice Center (Newport Beach), the Westminster Court Annex, and the Central Jail Complex. By March 2010, over 25,000 buccal swabs 17 had been collected and analyzed, and over 22,000 samples uploaded into the District Attorney s DNA database, resulting in three hits (identification of the suspect). The rapid growth in the OCDA s database is attributed to prosecutors dropping charges against first-time, low-level suspects who voluntarily agree to pay a $75 fee and submit a DNA sample. Participants sign a waiver that explains the privacy rights 17 Buccal swabbing is a quick and painless procedure that involves rubbing a cotton-like swab against the inside of the volunteer s cheek Orange County Grand Jury Page 3
4 they are giving up and that the sample will be put into the OCDA s database, not the California or U. S. Department of Justice databases. Thus, the District Attorney is using the technology to identify suspects who have not made it into the state or federal databases. This process is helping to clear up court calendar backlogs, save taxpayers money 18 and lets arrestees avoid a conviction record for low-level crimes. The database also provides law enforcement a valuable tool with the potential to solve cold crimes and deter suspects whose DNA is in the database from committing new crimes. It is important to note that OCDA doesn t have a DNA lab, merely a database. Thus, collected samples are outsourced for analysis only to Bode Technology Group, Inc. in Virginia at a cost of about $25 each and turnaround time is 30 days or less. 4.6 Orange County Crime Lab and Its Database System The Orange County Crime Lab provides all law enforcement agencies with forensic evidence examination and responds to crime scenes to recognize, collect, and evaluate physical evidence from criminal investigations. The OCCL has grown from a oneperson operation in 1948 to its present day staff of 154 technical and support personnel. The DNA section of the Crime Lab examines biological evidence left at crime scenes and develops DNA profiles for comparison to known suspects or comparison to known offenders in local, state and national DNA databases. The DNA section has also been active in examining old unsolved cases and is pioneering work recovering DNA in the area of touched or handled objects with no visible biological material. 19 Specifically, the Crime Lab s DNA section provides the following laboratory services: 18 Potential revenue realized: 2,000 fees/samples per month x $75 x 12 months = $1.8 million annually (does not include myriad ancillary costs involved with prosecuting low-level, nonviolent crimes) Location, characterization and DNA profiling of blood, semen, and other physiological materials. Searching for DNA profiles on items of evidence that were worn or handled by perpetrators and victims. Comparison of DNA profiles within and between cases locally and submission of eligible profiles to the state and national CODIS DNA databases for searching to link and solve crimes. Parentage determination for criminal cases. 20 The Orange County Crime Lab is equipped with state-of-the-art technology and instrumentation and is internationally accredited by the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors / Laboratory Accreditation Board (ASCLD/LAB). The management and technical operations of OCCL were last assessed in June 2008 and found to conform to all applicable requirements of International Standardizations Organization 21 /International Electrotechnical Commission 22 (ISO/IEC) and the ASCLD/LAB-International Supplemental Requirements. Thus, OCCL was found to be competent to provide forensic science testing services in accordance with the scope of accreditation identified for each laboratory. 23 Only an ASCLD-accredited laboratory can upload DNA profiles into CODIS, NDIS, and SDIS. On July 1, 2009, the latest revisions to guidelines When the large majority of products or services in a particular business or industry sector conform to International Standards, a state of industry-wide standardization exists. The economic stakeholders concerned agree on specifications and criteria to be applied consistently in the classification of materials, in the manufacture and supply of products, in testing and analysis, in terminology and in the provision of services. In this way, International Standards provide a framework, or a common technological language, between suppliers and their customers. This facilitates trade and the transfer of technology. 22 The IEC is the world s leading organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies collectively known as electrotechnology. The IEC also manages conformity assessment systems that certify that equipment, systems or components conform to its International Standards T&order_by=lab&order=abc Page Orange County Grand Jury
5 At Work in the Crime Lab took effect from the DNA Advisory Board (DAB): (1) Quality Assurance Standards for Forensic DNA Testing Laboratories, and (2) Quality Assurance Standards for DNA Databasing Laboratories. These are the minimum quality assurance standards that laboratories are required to follow in order to participate in the National DNA Index System (CODIS). There are no restrictions in the national guidelines that would prevent OCCL from creating a database line separate from CODIS, now or in the future, that could incorporate the OCDA s database. However, because the Orange County District Attorney has only a DNA profile database, not a laboratory, it cannot upload its samples into the national or state databases for matching. OCCL estimates that if it analyzed database samples and created a database line in its lab, it would need to purchase additional instrumentation and equipment, increase the number of DNA analysts and technicians, and increase the quantity of miscellaneous supplies purchased. Additionally, OCCL would have to validate the equipment and procedures and arrange for accreditation of the database line. OCCL estimates that at the present time it would cost more than $25 to analyze each DNA sample from the OCDA s collection program. To properly investigate possible duplication of effort and/or expense because there are two different DNA databases in two different locations, the Grand Jury has requested a cost analysis of the OCDA s DNA unit. As of April 26, 2010, this information has not been made available. 4.7 Management of the Orange County Crime Lab Anecdotally, the Grand Jury heard reports from various interviewees that when the OCCL management structure changed in (because of political unrest in the county), from being solely the Sheriff-Coroner s responsibility to shared management including the Sheriff, the District Attorney, and the County CEO, employee morale suffered at the Crime Lab. The Cooperating Department Head Structure is said to be temporary, but no date has been established for changing it. Further, in December 2009, the Director of the Crime Lab gave notice of his resignation, creating more uncertainty as to the long-term plan for management of the Crime Lab. Despite the unsettled management structure and the recent loss of the lab director, the Crime Lab has been able to meet its overall goals of reducing backlogged DNA analyses and turnaround times while remaining the leader in submitting the largest number of DNA profiles and having the largest number of DNA cold hits than any other California crime lab. 24 At Work in the Crime Lab 24 Crime Lab Cooperating Department Head Structure report to Board of Supervisors, 2/9/ Orange County Grand Jury Page 5
6 5. FINDINGS Based on its investigation of DNA: Whose Is It, Orange County Crime Lab s the Orange County Grand Jury has arrived at the following findings: F.1: F.2: F.3: F.4: Page 6 The Orange County Crime Lab and the Orange County District Attorney s DNA unit perform DNA collection services, which are similar yet different: OCCL collects forensic DNA from crime scenes and obtains felony suspect DNA samples, which can be uploaded into the national database (CODIS) and the state database (SDIS); the OCDA collects voluntary samples from low-level drug possession felony suspects and nonviolent misdemeanor suspects; those samples are not eligible for uploading into state or national databases. The OCCL and the OCDA each serves a different crime/criminal classification and the OCCL could not analyze the OCDA s samples for the same contracted price OCDA pays to Bode Technology Group, Inc. Possible duplication of operating expenses cannot be determined at this time because cost analysis information has not been provided by the OCDA s office. After nearly a decade (starting with the Innocent Review Panel), the OCDA s lowlevel, non-violent crimes DNA database is just beginning to realize its potential. Since November 2009, the database has had three independent hits and confirmed two previously identified suspects. Because of political unrest in the Sheriff s Department in , the management structure of the Orange County Crime Lab changed from being solely the Sheriff s responsibility to a temporary shared management structure, known as the Cooperating Department Head Structure, composed of the Sheriff, the District Attorney, and the County CEO. Despite the unsettled management structure and the recent loss of the OCCL lab director, resulting in lowered morale, the crime lab has been able to meet its overall goals of reducing backlogged DNA requests and turnaround times while remaining the leader in submitting the largest number of DNA profiles and having the largest number of DNA cold hits than any other California crime lab. Responses to Findings F.1, F.2, and F.3 are required from the Orange County District Attorney. Responses to Finding F.4 are required from the Board of Supervisors, Sheriff-Coroner, District Attorney, and requested from County Executive Officer. 6. RECOMMENDATIONS Based on its investigation of DNA: Whose Is It, Orange County Crime Lab s the Orange County Grand Jury makes the following recommendations: R.1: R.2: R.3: Keep the Crime Lab s database and the District Attorney s database separate until an audit can be conducted of the District Attorney s DNA unit. At this time, there appears to be no duplication of equipment and/or expenses involved with having two DNA databases since they serve very different populations of the criminal justice system. The County Internal Auditor should conduct an annual cost analysis as to what it would cost for the Orange County Crime Lab to analyze the DNA samples collected by the Orange County District Attorney that are now being sent to Bode Technology Group, Inc. of Virginia. Annually review the costs associated with collection, analysis, and uploading DNA profiles in the Orange County District Attorney s database with a view toward instituting or raising fees from individuals, cities, or any others who request access to the database Orange County Grand Jury
7 R.4: R.5: The County of Orange Internal Audit Department should review the District Attorney s DNA unit to determine the actual costs associated with this specialized unit, including the collection and processing of the DNA samples, and the operation and maintenance of the database, including updating of the software. The management of the Orange County Crime Lab should revert to its prior status under the Orange County Sheriff-Coroner. Responses to Recommendations R.1, R.2, and R.3 are required from the Orange County District Attorney. Responses to Recommendations R.2, R.3, and R.4 are required from the County Internal Auditor. Responses to Recommendation R.5 are required from the Board of Supervisors, Sheriff- Coroner, District Attorney, and County Executive Officer. 7. REQUIRED RESPONSES The California Penal Code specifies the required permissible responses to the findings and recommendations contained in this report. The specific sections are quoted below: California Penal Code : (a) For purposes of Subdivision (b) of Section 933, as to each grand jury finding, the responding person or entity shall indicate one of the following: (1) The respondent agrees with the finding. (2) The respondent disagrees wholly or partially with the finding, in which case the response shall specify the portion of the finding that is disputed and shall include an explanation of the reasons therefor. (b) For purposes of subdivision (b) of Section 933, as to each grand jury recommendation, the responding person or entity shall report one of the following actions: (1) The recommendation has been implemented, with a summary regarding the implemented action. (2) The recommendation has not yet been implemented, but will be implemented in the future, with a timeframe for implementation. (3) The recommendation requires further analysis, with an explanation and the scope and parameters of an analysis or study, and a timeframe for the matter to be prepared for discussion by the officer or head of the agency or department being investigated or reviewed, including the governing body of the public agency when applicable. This timeframe shall not exceed six months from the date of publication of the grand jury report. (4) The recommendation will not be implemented because it is not warranted or is not reasonable, with an explanation therefor Orange County Grand Jury Page 7
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The U.S. State Department announced the decision to ban the export of weapons and defense services to South Sudan on February 2. Although the U.S. does not conduct arms sales with the country, this decision prohibits any U.S. company or civilian from supplying arms to any of the conflicting groups. These factions have been embroiled in a bloody, prolonged civil war for the past four years. In July 2009, South Sudan gained independence from Sudan, and by December 2013 civil war had broken out between military forces and rebel groups. As a result, over two million people fled to neighboring countries, and nearly two million people are internally displaced, which amounts to roughly one-third of the total population.
Although largely received as a symbolic action, Paul Sutphin, the State Department's senior adviser on Sudan and South Sudan, announced that the objective of this embargo is to "impose consequences on those who use violence to advance a political agenda" and will "restrict the flow of lethal material into South Sudan for all parties." Still, the U.S. isn't the country supplying these weapons–– both Kenya and Uganda have been accused of prolonging the conflict by distributing weaponry and ammunition inside of South Sudan.
The Obama administration failed to galvanize the United Nations to act in 2016. The Trump administration has taken over this initiative by pressuring nearby countries, specifically those in the eight-member Intergovernmental Authority on Development, to sanction South Sudanese officials who undermine the peace process.
Henrietta H. Fore, executive director for UNICEF, informed Observer that "more than a quarter of a million children are severely malnourished and at imminent risk of death. Over 19,000 children have been recruited into the conflict. At least one in three schools has been damaged, destroyed, occupied or closed. And we have documented more than 1,200 cases of sexual violence against children." Consequently, the weapons ban is intended to upend this human suffering.
The ban comes at a favorable time, as peace talks through the High-Level Revitalization Forum (HLRF) initiative are set to begin from February 5 to February 16 in Ethiopia. These talks are expected to confront security issues and governance frameworks. It is unclear whether the results of any expected agreement will alter the U.S. arms restrictions at this time.

subset: commoncrawl


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This GCSE maths and English video for governing boards outlines the:
- funding changes related to GCSE maths and English (note that the video was made in 2015, so some of the announcements about 'last year' actually now refer to a longer time in the past).
- challenges faced by organisations planning and implementing new GCSE provision.
- ways to support senior leadership teams.
Here are some comments that senior leaders and governing board members have made about the video. Although the video was produced in 2015 it is still a useful reminder of the maths and English challenges which resulted from policy changes.
"Very good resource, we will feed this information and experience into future Standards, SLT & boards meetings at Grantham College. Thank you." Nov 2015 (Stewart Boylan, Grantham College)
"This is a very clear and concise way of highlighting the role of the Board in supporting and challenging the College's English and maths strategy. The model questions are well suited to adaptation as key performance indicators for the Board to monitor e.g. qualifications and subsequent CPD for staff, GCSE success rates etc. We will be using this resource at Hugh Baird College Corporation and Quality and Standards Committee meetings. Thank you." Jan 2016 (Anne-Marie Nixon, Director of Governors, Hugh Baird College)
"Provided an excellent overview of the changes and the challenges for leadership and governance teams." Feb 2016 (David Crosby, Senior Leader, The Vocational College)


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UPPER LOUNGE, UVIC STUDENT UNION BUILDING - Victoria, BC
The challenge in the redesign of this multi-purpose event space was to visually open up the space and create areas for students to study and hang out while allowing flexibility to close areas off for meetings, presentations, and user groups.
The bland outdated room was injected with bright whites, charcoal grey and apple green. Rolling vertical planters create natural barriers in the space while bringing in natural elements. Large scale spun globes hang in the vaulted ceiling and draw the eye to this architectural detail.
New glass wall partitions with sliding doors were installed to create a private meeting space while maintaining sight lines when used for more casual gatherings.


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The real estate market in Kamloops has changed and become a buyer's market. Due to this change and the new construction coming on the market in the near future here is what I think will happen, and has already begun to present itself. Many people who have been trying to sell in the last few months have decided to take their homes off the market in favour of renting. These home owners will rent ...


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Related Expert Areas
pumping system troubleshooting
pumping system design
centrifugal pump design
energy-efficient vapor recompression heat pump
pumping system
volute pump design
centrifugal pump
pump control device
piston pump
gear pump
vapor-recompression heat pump
metering pump
roller pump
sewage pump
liquid injection pump
axial-flow pump
sewage-disposal pump
regenerative pump
rod-type pump
liquefied gas pumping
electrohydrodynamic pump
pump lubrication
pump test facility design
pump seal
Synonyms: pumping machine
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Comunicato Stampa disponibile solo in lingua originale.
Neuburg, July 17, 2017 – Audi is currently ranking at the top of the standings in all three DTM classifications. In the rounds at Moscow Raceway this weekend, the brand is primarily aiming to extend this advantage. Audi, BMW and Mercedes have each decided the previous six DTM races near the Russian capital in their favor on two occasions.
Mattias Ekström is traveling to Russia as the leader of the DTM drivers' classification. For the first time since summer 2015, the Swede is leading the DTM standings again. After having won the FIA World Rallycross Championship last year, the Audi campaigner continues to have good chances of winning his third DTM title this season. "The best are still close together and there are no clear favorites yet," says the 2004 and 2007 DTM Champion. "From now on, the circle of candidates for the title will be getting smaller with each race and I'm hoping to be part of it up until the end."
More information on the press release
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I am actress, still trying to make my foothold strong in Bollywood. I had made a debut in Bollywood in 2004 but that went unnoticed and I moved on to south industry.
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Jimmy the Kid (1982)Story
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If you're looking for a hot date in Bean tonight, then your wait is over! We're the number one escort agency in DA2, as well as nearby areas including Betsham and Darenth. So that means that by giving Suzanne's a call, you can look forward to a truly unforgettable evening.
Our girls are some of the best in the business, and they're so gorgeous they could have stepped straight off of the catwalk. All of the pictures we use on our site are genuine, so you can be sure that the Bean escort you book won't disappoint in any way. If you've got any questions at all, remember our friendly booking team are on hand to help too.
While Bean may be small, it's got plenty to offer those planning a fun date. You and your escort can sit back in one of the local pubs, share a few drinks and just get to know each other a little better.
One of the best pubs in the village is The Black Horse, while just outside of the town centre is The Ship, a historic pub full of character. Of course, you might want to treat your escort to a romantic meal. Why not book a table at Richie's Diner, which is just a stone's throw from The Ship? You can enjoy a delicious American themed meal there with your escort.
Of course, the Bluewater shopping complex isn't fair away either, and you'll find a wealth of dining and entertainment options there. Perhaps you'll both catch a film at the cinema before enjoying some dinner? Whatever you decide to do, your escort will be more than happy to accompany you.
Why not finish your date in style with a trip to a hotel? The Rowhill Grange Hotel & Utopia Spa isn't far from Bean, and is the perfect place to let your escort take care of you.
You can expect great things from your night with one of our Bean escorts. Like we've said, our girls are the best in the business – and they'll soon show you why.
With gorgeous figures, really fun personalities and a deep desire to please, they're a pleasure to spend the night with. Whether you're looking for simple companionship or have a fantasy you've always wanted to fulfil, our seductive Kent beauties will leave you totally satisfied. So why wait? Book your Bean escort today to avoid disappointment!


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Mentorship and Professional Training
A note from Ryan:
There are many opportunities nowadays to enroll in large group 200hr trainings. While these programs can be a great jumping off point for many, they can be daunting, overwhelming and in many cases lacking in terms of content. After years of leading trainings in these large group settings I believe that the best way to train dedicated students to teach is through 1-on-1 Mentorship. In the coming months I will be working on structuring this type of mentorship in such a way the it can fit within (and greatly surpass) the standards set forth by yoga alliance. My hope is to provide a unique and personalized experience so that each student can feel confident in their practice first, and if desired start - or continue - down the path of teaching.
This opportunity is for students who want to commit to study, continue their education as a practitioner, and potentially begin/refine the practice of teaching. Due to the realities of the current yoga industrial complex, I am in the process of formalizing this program in such a way the students will be able to pay for 200hr or 300hr registration through Yoga Alliance at the end of a period of study*.
*This is in no way of endorsement of the YA Registry.
Additional Requirements:
- Meditation Retreat/Study
- Reading Assignments
- Practice Homework
- Practicum
Training Requirements:
- 50 Private sessions (90 mins)
- 50 Classes with approved teachers
- Practicum Project
- 40 hrs of chosen study
Tuition is a "pay as you go" model.
I see mentorship students at my office at 180 Lincoln Street, near South Station in downtown Boston.


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Single's Awareness Day doesn't have to include sulking in your room.
Go on a date with your best friend.
Treat yourselves to a nice meal or a movie. (50 Shades Darker is out now.)
Stay at home, build a fort, and watch a movie.
Movies I suggest (that are on Netflix):
– Naomi & Ely's No Kiss List
– 10 Things I Hate About You
– Princess Bride
– Camp Rock
– Hannah Montana: The Movie
Drink a bottle of wine…
or any other type of beverage of your choice.
**I do not condone of underage drinking. So if you are underage, have a nice soda or chocolate milk or hot chocolate.
Go to your local pet store or humane society and pet ALL the animals.
Seriously. Just go do it.
Have a spa night…
…that includes a face mask, a bubble bath (or hot shower, depending on where you live/what you prefer), and eating chocolate.


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MiniTuck Abdominoplasty with Hysterectomy
55 year old female did not like the lower abdominal bulge. She needed a hysterectomy and decided to recontour her abdomen with a minituck abdominoplasty at the same time. Her Gynecologist performed the hysterectomy and then Dr. Bermant performed the mini-abdominoplasty.
Height 5' 4" Weight 118 pounds
Location Surgery: Hospital Operating Room
Anesthesia: General with Tumescent Technique
Stay: Discharged second day after surgery. (Limiting factor was the hysterectomy surgery).
Abdominal Sculpture included:
- Tightening of the rectus muscles of the abdomen from the belly button to the pubic bone
- Liposuction contouring of the abdominal fat
- Removal of small ellipse of skin just above the pubic region.
View other photographs of this patient before and after surgery.
|Photograph Before Minituck Abdominoplasty
|Picture of Markings Before Mini-Abdominoplasty
|Photo 7 Days After Mini Tuck Surgery
Even with such early after surgery photographs, the new shape of the abdomen is seen. The extra fat has been treated by liposuction. The loose rectus muscles (abdominal wall "sit up" muscle) were tightened below the belly button. Notice the limited bruising and swelling one week after surgery.
|Photograph Before Mini-Tuck Abdominoplasty Surgery
|Picture of Markings Before Minituck and Tightening of Rectus Muscles
|Photograph 7 Days After Mini Abdominoplasty and Tightening Rectus Muscles
The early wound still has Steri-Strips (special tape that supports the healing tissues about the incision. Remember this scar is only a week old! Her shape will continue to evolve.
|Photograph Before Mini Tuck Surgery
|Picture of Markings Before Mini-Abdominoplasty
|Photograph 7 Days After Minituck of Abdomen
|Photograph Before Mini Tuck
|Picture 7 Days after Minituck Abdominoplasty
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(click "BOOK NOW" to see dates, times, prices, discounts... )
All year round fishing, we specialize in the lighter tackle fishing in the south of Tenerife. You can never guarantee fish but the Happy Hooker targets the smaller ones, and everybody knows that there are many more smaller fish out there than bigger ones! "... this type of fishing can be enjoyed by all the family, from the novice to the experienced."
Whats an average day out fishing with us?: We offer both shared and private fishing trips with a maximum of 6-8 fisherman, everyone gets their own rod all the time,
We only use top quality tackle.
No Limits Fishing
Dutch Owner and Captain Stephan, invites you to fish with him in Tenerife on his 28 foot Bertram.
The boat has 2 Volvo Penta engines of 210 horse power each, allowing you to experience real sport fishing.
He offers Light tackle fishing, trolling for Marlín, Wahoo or Tuna. Alternatively, you could try spinning for Barracuda or jigging for Amberjacks and Snappers. The No Limits also go bottom fishing for MahiMahi, Rays, Sharks, Mackerel, Barracudas, Wahoo, Big eye Tuna, Yellow fin Tuna, Skip jack Tuna, Albacore Tuna, Snappers, Kingfish, Dorado, Blue Marlin Skate, Smooth Hound, Monkfish, Tope, Amberjacks, Snapper, Sea Bream, Sea Perch, Trigger Fish and Moray eels.
No Limits offers 4 hour fishing trips, he departs Puerto Colon daily at 09.00 and 14.00. Book early as the No Limits has spaces for 6 Fishers.
Crested Wave
We offer a variety of "Genuine" fishing excursions, from a half day 4 hour or a full day 7 hour trip, where we will spend about half the time trolling with a varied selection of lures for different species of fish, mainly Tuna's like Big Eye, Skipjack, Albacore, Blue Fin, Yellow Fin and Blue Marlin, White Marlin, Spearfish, Wahoo, Dorado, Amberjacks & Barracuda depending on the seasons.
Departure from Los Cristianos
Neptuno Fishing
The crew on board the Neptuno will take you and guide you sea fishing.
As we head to the fishing grounds, we can practice "trolling" along the coast line looking for Bonito-tuna.
Once at the Fishing area we will deep sea fish for typical Canarian fish "Brecas", "Bogas" or "Palometas".
The Neptuno offer 4 Hour fishing excursions on a Tuesday, Thursday and Sunday. The prices include all equipment, sandwiches and soft drinks.


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My name is Ieva and I collect beaches. Originally from Northern Latvia, I have always loved beaches, from my happy childhood days at the Riga's long and sandy seaside, I think I have always wanted to compensate for the short summers and unpredictable weather by going little too crazy about summer holidays. So there is no doubt, summer is definitely my favourite season and for me it means only ONE thing – beaches as much and as often as possible. Having lived around Europe from Hungary to Slovenia and Switzerland, I currently reside in UK running marketing & design dep. for growing mattress company – while trying not to be too guilty by planning every possible getaway to the new beach destinations.
I started writing blog in 2013, when I realised, that I spend so much time researching and exploring different beaches (my poor boyfriend having to drive me around off-roads and walking in swelling summer heat with cool bags and umbrellas, not sure how he is still managing this), that one day I decided I want to put them all in one place and have my summer memories, for all the cold & rainy winter evenings here in UK.
While I don't think this will ever become my day job, I hope this blog will come handy to anybody else out there who's slightly passionate about beaches, as I do think that life is better at the beach.
I hope you enjoy & wish you happy beaching people!
Contact me at: email@example.com or facebook, instagram


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Thursday, 3 November 2011
100Happy Today - Rain.
'I think that fish is nice, but then I think that rain is wet, so who am I to judge?'
- Douglas Adams
'If you think it's going to rain, it will.'
- Clint Eastwood
'The best thing one can do when it's raining is to let it rain'.
- Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
'I believe in running through the rain and crashing into the person you love and having your lips bleed on each other.'
- Billy Bob Thornton
2 comments:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/emmylou1602/6306290641/ Autumny rainy stuff :)ReplyDelete
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Posts in Adverts
Thursday, November 02, 2017
Emotive new short film shows Ireland players as you've never seen them before
Vodafone have released a creative new short film ahead of Ireland's end of year Tests. The #TeamOfUs film is called "Who We Are is How We Play" and takes an intimate look at the journeys of some of the Irish Rugby team. MORE »
Friday, March 31, 2017
The All Blacks tackle Tokyo in new AIG Japan advert
The All Blacks were in Tokyo to shoot this latest AIG Japan advert for their chief sponsor. While at first it appears that they are just tackling random locals for no particular reason, there is a twist. MORE »
Wednesday, September 09, 2015
Gareth Thomas and Ashwin Willemse feature in emotive new Guinness adverts
Last year Guinness produced a series of stunning adverts that struck a chord with rugby fans the world over. They've nailed it again, this time featuring Gareth Thomas and his personal struggle with his sexuality, and former Springbok winger Ashwin Willemse, who was pulled away from a life of gang violence and crime thanks to rugby. MORE »
Thursday, November 06, 2014
Emotive Guinness ads with Shane Williams, Wilko, Bill McLaren and 1978 Munster
Guinness have struck a chord with rugby fans by releasing a series of beautifully made, emotive adverts that could possibly be described more accurately as short films. They tell the tale of the attitude and achievements of Shane Williams, Jonny Wilkinson, Bill McLaren and the Munster team of 1978. Here's a look at all four adverts. MORE »
Friday, September 26, 2014
Honey Badger Nick Cummins stars in new Head & Shoulders commercial
Wallaby Nick Cummins is playing rugby in Japan currently, but found time to cash in on his hot streak of fame by doing this Head & Shoulders advert. As you can see, when you're 100% flake free and smell like a man, man, good happens. MORE »
Monday, September 01, 2014
Rugby World Cup 2015 advert featuring rousing team talk from Charles Dance
England Rugby 2015 launched the ticketing drive for next year's Rugby World Cup today with an advert that features actor Charles Dance of Game of Thrones fame. More significantly, it also includes Test players from some of the competing nations. MORE »
Friday, August 22, 2014
Friday Funnies - 'Meanwhile in New Zealand' Advert
Kiwis. They're officially mad about rugby. It's a religion over there, and they'll do anything they can to integrate the sport into everyday life. Even if that means sending a fearless skier through some carefully erected goal posts on the top of their ski slopes, wearing a rugby-ball-suit.. MORE »
Friday, March 14, 2014
Test stars say thank you to Brian O'Driscoll in adidas tribute video
Irish legend Brian O'Driscoll plays his final Test match this weekend when Ireland take on France in Paris. To commemorate the occasion, and a fine career, adidas have put together this video that features top players from various countries giving their final thoughts on O'Driscoll. MORE »
Tuesday, March 11, 2014
Official 2014 HSBC Hong Kong Sevens Advert
The 2014 Cathay Pacific/HSBC Hong Kong Sevens is just around the corner, with less than three weeks until festivities kick into gear. Sevens Series Sponsor HSBC has produced a great advert, for the first time featuring players from the Sevens circuit. MORE »
Tuesday, January 21, 2014
Sky Sports Super Rugby 2014 Promo - The Sequel
A year ago Sky Sports came up with an excellently made Super Rugby 2013 promo that featured Sean Fitzpatrick, Michael Lynagh, Dewi Morris and as the driver, Thinus Delport. It's that time of year again, so with Super Rugby kicking off in a few weeks, here is the sequel. MORE »
Friday, January 10, 2014
Friday Funnies - Sebastien Chabal as a fairy in new TV ad
You probably wouldn't say it to his face, but Sebastien Chabal is a fairy. The man once known as the Caveman, who was recently suspended for knocking out a player, has taken part in a TV ad that is sure to go viral, for the sheer bizarreness of it if nothing else. MORE »
Monday, August 19, 2013
It's Our Job - AIG and All Blacks commercial
This is the new AIG advert that ran during the All Blacks vs Wallabies Bledisloe Cup/Rugby Championship game in Sydney on Saturday, featuring fans of both nations, as well as everyone involved in making the All Blacks the world champion side that they are. MORE »
Tuesday, March 06, 2012
Hong Kong Beach 5's - Rugby vs Netball Advert
This brilliant advert is for the Hong Kong 5's, a beach rugby tournament that is in it's second year, and takes place a week before the famous Hong Kong Sevens. MORE »
Thursday, August 27, 2009
Guinness Premiership 2009 advert - The Race To Twickenham
The 2009 Guinness Premiership gets under way soon with the race to Twickenham having officially started at the launch earlier today. Reigning champions Leicester Tigers are the bookies favourites to retain the trophy, just ahead of beaten finalists London Irish. MORE »
Friday, May 29, 2009
British & Irish Lions begin their African adventure - HSBC Advert
It's been twelve long years since the British & Irish Lions last toured South Africa. The 1997 Lions series is considered by many to be one of the best, and tomorrow we'll watch closely as the new breed of players look to emulate past success as they kick off the 2009 tour with a match against the Royal XV in Rustenburg. MORE »
Saturday, October 18, 2008
Stephen Berkoff Heineken Cup advert
A week back, as the Heineken Cup was about to kick off, we posted a Sky tv advert for the tournament that featured a rather different way of portraying the cities of Europe, and rugby in general. MORE »
Friday, October 03, 2008
Friday Funnies - Czech rugby advert, 'Football is for girls'
As we all know, Rugby's appeal has meant that it's a far reaching and much played sport all over the globe. While some may think that it's only the 'traditional' nations that have a strong rugby culture... MORE »


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... canals. The meds I am on do not help for after pain, the doctor ask me what I want for pain. I need something that will help me. What should I suggest??? That will help teeth for after care?
I am on pain medication s for fibromylgia. Oxy, endocet, and duragesit opid patches.i need 3 root?
- Asked
- 28 Feb 2014 by liac bussh
- Updated
- 28 February 2014
- Topics
- endocet, oxycontin, pain, doctor, medication, pain medication, tooth
Added 28 Feb 2014:
My dental appointment is in 3hours
Responses (3)
I agree! I also have had root canals and unless its a botched job never needed a strong pain med.
Ibuprofen is one of the best things that you can take for dental pain, if you even need anything. They will give you anesthetic for the procedure and you may not even need anything after. Be sure that your pain doctor is in the loop on this because if they do give you anything controlled and your pain doc isnt aware, it breaks your pain contract. The oxycodone should be just fine for this along with ibuprofen (800mg if you can take NSAIDS) for the inflammation. Your break through meds will work just fine for this acute pain too. (Oxy and Endocet both have oxycodone in them) If you can take ibuprofen, just have them give you the prescription strength 800mg and take around the clock as ordered for the first few days.
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text: I am looking for a partner to help me think of ideas for a site I want to make and help think of everything basically. The site will be like GameBattles, but I plan to put a lot of money and work into it. If you can code or good at web design, that is a plus Skype: miqro_ if your interested..


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The Carolina Bird Club offers scholarships for young birders to attend young birder camps, Carolina Bird Club meetings, and more! Check out our Scholarships page for more info! We are offering a full scholarship for the American Birding Association's Camp Avocet!
Welcome to the Carolina Young Birders Club Website!
We have begun field trips and events for Young Birders throughout the Carolinas Region. We are eager to add new members. Check out how much fun we have in the Photos and Blog sections!
If you are interested in joining the club, use the Contact Us box below. Currently if you are a young birder or know a young birder in the Carolinas, please e-mail at [email protected]. Also, if parents or relatives are interested in helping with the club they can become adult facilitators aiding with the logistics of the club.


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Federal regulators charged with permitting a $3.5 billion 591-mile natural gas pipeline that would extend from Alabama to Martin County don't have to consider the environmental impact of fracking, the companies that want to build the pipeline say.
In documents filed Friday and Monday with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, officials for both Southeast Connection and Sabal Trail said the impacts of natural gas production, such as exploration, drilling and processing are not generally considered by FERC. The pipeline will use both "fracked" gas from shale as well as offshore sources.
FERC guidelines state it will approve a project "where the public benefits outweigh the project's adverse impacts."
Those who oppose the project, including SpectraBusters, which represents thousands of people in Florida, Alabama and Georgia, say the pipeline will increase the amount of fracked gas coming into Florida and say the pipeline is not necessary.
Natural gas is obtained from shale through a process known as hydraulic fracturing, or "fracking." In recent years fracking has been linked to groundwater pollution due to the sand, water and chemicals injected into the shale to obtain oil and gas.
John Quarterman, a SpectraBusters board member, said Monday "FPL knows fracking is a big issue and wants to avoid it."
Last year Juno Beach-based Florida Power & Light Co. proposed the pipeline to supply more natural gas to its South Florida plants. Plans call for the pipeline to be operational by May 2017, but the project is in the midst of a lengthy approval process.
Florida Southeast Connection comprises 127 miles of the pipeline from Central Florida to FPL's Martin County plant. FSC is a subsidiary of NextEra Energy, which is also FPL's parent company.
In July FPL announced it had selected Spectra Energy Corp., a Houston-based Fortune 500 company, to build the pipeline's 465-mile northern stretch from Alabama to Central Florida. That portion known as Sabal Trail.
Opponents have also raised the issue greenhouse gas emissions from natural gas.
Marian Ryan, the Sierra Club of Florida's conservation chair, said, "Our three state chapters are adamantly opposed to it. We need to move away from petroleum and gas. Fossil fuels are finite. We have got to move forward with alternative energy."
Charles Lee, Audubon Florida's advocacy director, said Audubon's focus has been on the proposed route which cuts across important tracts of conservation lands such as the Green Swamp area in Sumter, Polk and Lake counties.
"The pipeline appears that some engineer in a dark room somewhere got out a bunch of maps and drew a pencil line in a diagonal across the land without taking a particular look at what that pencil line is crossing," Lee said.
However, Audubon has generally been sympathetic to natural gas as the cleanest possible fossil fuel, much preferred over coal and oil, Lee said.
Florida Southeast Connection attorney William Lavarco said in the FERC filing that the agency is not required to expand its review to determine the best way to meet the demand for energy.
FPL has entered into binding contracts with Florida Southeast Connection and Sabal Trail. In October the Florida Public Service Commission determined there is a need for the proposed pipeline, which would be the state's third major pipeline.
The commenters are asking that the commission "second guess" the PSC, Lavarco said.


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Category: Mobile testing
By Sylwia Nowak on January 17, 2017
In: Mobile testing | Software Testing | Technology |
Our most popular blogs of 2016
By Sylwia Nowak on January 17, 2017
In:Mobile testing |Software Testing |Technology
This week we're looking back at the most popular blogs from 2016. These top 5 blogs were the most widely read on the Belatrix blog. 1. A developer's perspective of […]Read more...
By Alejandra Morales on November 23, 2016
In: Machine Learning | Mobile testing | Software Testing | Testing | Webinar |
You cannot miss our upcoming webinars
By Alejandra Morales on November 23, 2016
In:Machine Learning |Mobile testing |Software Testing |Testing |Webinar
In the next few weeks we have a series of webinars scheduled which we hope you will be able to join. First up, we're excited to bring you a webinar […]Read more...
By Antonella Manna on August 4, 2016
In: Mobile | Mobile testing | Software Testing | Technology | Web Services |
25 Mobile Testing Tools You Cannot Live Without
By Antonella Manna on August 4, 2016
In:Mobile |Mobile testing |Software Testing |Technology |Web Services
MOBILE TESTING TOOLS Since mobile applications have become ever more important, an increasing variety of tools and online resources have emerged to help you test them. Tools exist for native […]Read more...
By Alejandro Pasccon on May 20, 2013
In: Mobile Apps | mobile banking | mobile devices | Mobile payments | Mobile testing |
Mobile Revolution – Keeping pace with the market demand for mobile
By Alejandro Pasccon on May 20, 2013
In:Mobile Apps |mobile banking |mobile devices |Mobile payments |Mobile testing
For many consumers worldwide, mobile devices have become a basic necessity of life and that shows no signs of diminishing. In recent years the sales of phones and tablets have […]Read more...
By Franco Fiorini on January 14, 2013
In: Enterprise mobile development | Mobile Apps | Mobile testing | product quality | Smart phone | Testing |
Poor mobile apps quality puts your product and brand at risk
By Franco Fiorini on January 14, 2013
In:Enterprise mobile development |Mobile Apps |Mobile testing |product quality |Smart phone |Testing
For the last few weeks, I've been reading articles about how Mobile Apps seem to be degrading software quality. I totally agree with Jamie Saine's Mobile testing blog. Tons of […]Read more...


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Book launch and presentation 'Touche-à-Tout'
Foam photography museum Amsterdam
Thursday, April 6, 18:00
Presentations, amungst others by artist Doina Kraal and Freek Lomme, publisher and co-editor with Doina and graphic designer/art director Merel van den Berg
Book launch and presentation at Foam, Amsterdam: April 6, 18:00
Mini-exhibition at Onomatopee : April 6 - May 14
We encounter so many things in our daily lives, but do we still experience a sense of wonder?
Artist-explorer Doina Kraal takes us along a journey of discovery and shares her findings. She reinvents old devices but also uses modern tools to experience the world we know, in ever changing ways.
208 pages, softcover in plastic dustjacket
170 x 240 mm / 6,7 x 9,5 inches standing
361 images: 260 in full color, 101 Black/White
Editorial team: Doina Kraal, Merel van den Berg and Freek Lomme
Graphic design: Merel van den Berg
Authors: Nicole Barbery Bleyleben, Joyce Roodnat, Tobias Tiecke, sascia vos, Bernadine Ypma
This book is part travel log of things encountered and part sensory quest to revive our ability to marvel at the things that are right in front of us. It offers a window through which we can perceive endless different realities, up close and from a distance, suggesting a wondrous alternative to the earthly mundane.
Made possible thanks to the Amsterdam Fund for the Arts, Gieskes-Strijbis Fund and the Foam 3H award, Mondriaan Fund and Soledad Senlle Art Foundation


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FSX Checklist 188.8.131.52
FSX Checklist solves one of the major and most important issues relating to Flight Simulator X - the checklist.
This checklist on your phone provides a suitable alternative to the checklist provided in the Kneeboard and allows you to use your valuable screen space to focus on flying!
From pushback to shutdown, this app provides the checklists needed to get the flying done. Safely.
This is a must have for all FSX...