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It's Just Yoga
It's okay to fall, it's okay to fail and it's okay to be mentally on the other side of the world during yoga sometimes... it's all part of the practice.
I think I speak for most of us when I say that we practice yoga because we care about it. We care about doing the postures correctly, about mastering our balance, and about trying to stay to present throughout the class. We care about accidentally farting in class (we've all done it!), about "giving up", and about embarrassing ourselves in front of others. Sometimes we take our practices really, really seriously.
And that's okay. But it's also okay to be a total mess. It's okay to pass wind, to fall out, and to feel like your postures are wonky. Really, it is. It's just yoga after all! And failure, frustration and (hopefully) laughter are all a part of it.
I challenge you to just have fun in your next yoga class. To let go of any expectations you have for yourself and for the class and to just be there, letting whatever happens happen without judgement. Tell yourself that it's just yoga, and that epic falls are just a much a part of it as finally mastering that pose you've been struggling with for years. Be goofy! Laugh! If you fall, just get back in. You absolutely don't need to be perfect. For me, this realization has been one of the most rewarding parts of practicing yoga. xx
- Cassie
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August 2018


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subset: commoncrawl


text: Posted on: September 8 2008 | Posted in: Key IssuesExecutive Order No. BJ 2008 – 90 regarding Emergency Occupation of Hotels and Motels by Utility Restoration Personnel. "Utilities" is defined as electric, gas, telecommunications, water and wastewater. Please read this Executive Order carefully. Section 2 prohibits replacing utility restoration personnel with non-utility restoration personnel under certain terms and conditions. This order was signed by Governor Jindal on Sept. 4, 2008.


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Night Witches
- Genre: Fiction
I am a daughter. I am a pilot. I am the Nazis worst fear. I am a Night Witch.
I am a daughter. I am a pilot. I am the Nazis worst fear. I am a Night Witch.
Django and fifteen-year-old Lilo are picked out of a lineup by Hitler's favorite filmmaker, Leni Riefenstahl, to work as extras in her new movie. The route to the filming location seems to lead away from the concentration camps being built in eastern Europe, but does it really offer anything more than bizarre detour?
It is the summer of 1952 and polio has broken out in Indiana. Pools, camps, theaters, and almost all public spaces are closed for fear of spreading the terrifying disease. Eleven-year-old Georgie never thought she would come as close to polio as she does when she meets a new neighbor, Phyllis, who is encased in an iron lung.
Berlin, 1932: In many ways thirteen-year-old Gabriella Schramm lives a charmed, carefree life. She loves her parents and her sister, Ulla. She loves her new literature teacher. She loves her family's summer lake house, next door to Albert Einstein's. And most of all, Gaby loves books. But soon she begins losing these things as Hitler unstoppably climbs to power.
The lives of two young women, an abolitionist's granddaughter and a fugitive slave girl, intersect on the Underground Railroad in 1858.
Using the detective skills of their hero, Sherlock Holmes, the twins set out to solve a puzzle that takes them on an exciting journey through the streets of London.
When the Starbuck family moves to a houseboat in the Florida Keys, Liberty and July discover they share a wonderful telepathic link with the dolphins in the area.
Before the Starbuck family embarks on a trip to New Mexico, a whisper comes through the wind to Liberty. It leads her and her twin, July, to an ancient hillside dwelling that was the site of a tragedy.
In Pompeii, in the summer of A.D. 79, Julia and Sura appear to lead opposite lives. But when Mt. Vesuvius erupts, Julia's and Sura's fates are forever altered, forcing them both to face the true meaning of freedom.
You thought that you knew the legend of Robin Hood, but this is the untold story. Kathryn Lasky soars to magnificent new heights here, giving us a bold tale of bravery and romance. In Guardians of Ga'hoole, Lasky explores the behavior of owls. Now she uses her extensive research on hawks and the sport of falconry to again render a world that seamlessly blends natural history and fantasy.
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Welcome! Coming to you from the intersections of style, mindfulness, and education, I am Sara Webb Hiris. This is the story of Hiris & Co.
This (part of the) story begins with earning a degree in Human Biology with a focus in holistic health from Stanford University. Through Stanford, I studied in Berlin, an arts mecca, and had the great fortune of interning at Weg der Mitte (The Middle Way). Weg der Mitte is at the forefront of what it means to live a healthy, integrated, and mindful life. It is also the home of Benefit Yoga® and the European College of Yoga and Therapy.
After college, I journeyed to Florence, Italy to connect with my roots and focus on drawing and painting. Upon return to my hometown of Pittsburgh, PA, the masterful artist, Kathleen Flaherty, took me under her wing as an apprentice. During this time, I also studied Cellular Expansion--a gentle, hands on form of energy healing that resonates at the levels of the mind, body, and spirit. In between, I assisted the artist duo, Two Girls Working, on their artwork and book, TRAPPINGS. They ask the question, What do you wear that makes you feel powerful? It is a reverberating question--maybe ponder it next time you get dressed!
Working with adults in the realms of holistic health prompted me to reflect on schools and education: How much richer could life be if we all had the opportunity to grow up and learn with mindfulness and self-awareness? I wanted to support schools in becoming holistic, creative, and mindful places to be, for both students and teachers. It has been my experience that creative exploration, holistic health, and learning are very much intertwined.
These ideas prompted me to earn a Master's with a focus in Arts in Education from Harvard University. While at Harvard, I worked on Artful Thinking at Project Zero, a leading research institute that focuses on creativity, thinking, and learning. Artful Thinking was originally developed as a framework for teachers to use art in their classrooms while also cultivating habits of mind, such as observing, questioning, and taking multiple perspectives--all practices that promote deep learning as well as mindfulness and self-awareness. Artful Thinking's purposes and uses have since widened and evolved. I have been teaching Artful Thinking for over seven years and have integrated AT with mindful thinking and learning for groups, organizations, undergraduates, and graduate students.
Throughout this story, style and design provided the backdrop for my explorations of art, people, and health. I noticed how dress and surroundings influenced one's sense of self and well-being. These observations and explorations of personal style fused with practices of Mindful and Artful Thinking. Through this fusion, a unique and thoughtful approach to style consulting for individuals organically rose to the surface. Hiris & Co supports you in finding your true and distinctive look, bringing health, beauty, and balance to the external realms of living, working, creating, and interacting in the world.
Hiris & Co's work is especially supportive of women going through the many and layered transitions of life. If you feel like you are in the space-in-between career-wise, body-wise, identity-wise, spirit-wise, family-wise, or otherwise, I would love to work with you. Stay tuned for the upcoming podcast (Women: What's Now, What's Next) and blog posts that focus on women and life transitions!
I have also begun a women's entrepreneurial group called The Moon Club (I love the moon and there are so many phases to a woman's life). It's a powerful group of creative and thoughtful women supporting each other on our entrepreneurial journeys. I invite you to begin a support group or club of your own--it is inspiring, motivating, and helpful in figuring out your journey and business.
The Co in Hiris & Co represents you, the client, the collaborator. We create and evolve together. Co also represents past, current, and future project partners. Co is community--directly or indirectly, all whom I have worked with, read, conversed with, listened to, learned from, and observed have made an imprint on my thinking, approach, and ideas. Thank you, Co!
Co is also my family and, for the fun of puns, Colorado. I live in the beautiful state with my husband, two young sons, and lovable mutt.


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You are currently browsing the category archive for the 'napaly ever after' category.
We're moving (at some point). Not sure when or exactly where, but we are definitely in new life mode– that is, sowing the seeds for a new 'field' or future.
My mom's priest emails his homilies out most weeks. They are almost always just precious. They're short– ah, the beauty of a really awesome Episcopalian priest's homily! True thoughtful meaning, no time wasted!
He's an undiscovered jewel of humility, study, kindness put straight into serious good works large and small, and comfort with human fears and pettiness– including making fun of his own (this attitude is kind of typical of the few priests I've known and may explain my willingness to be so, er, human, so publicly).
And he doesn't hold back his sweet words– he sends 'em out ahead of time to whoever wants 'em instead of trying to entice folks to actually show up to hear what he's going to say this time. He doesn't play games– and has the small but devoted attendance and impoverished church pocketbook to show for it I guess. But it's important to be a straight shooter.
Today he sent out the Anglican history of Rogation Day. I really liked it.
I had a yard sale yesterday, spent HOURS on it and it wasn't even enough time, and of course after paying for ads in the paper I about broke even and made about ten cents an hour.
And that is *not* counting the money I had to give my child to convince her to get rid of a few token extra toys– some for a friend whose house flooded, and a very few just to put in the trash (where a lot more of them really need to go!!!).
Yesterday was a day of people doing sweet things for me. One BFF came over and watched the stuff for me while I ran upstairs and pulled from the attic a bunch of clothes I've been hoarding, some for 20 years, out to go through in hopes I could bring myself to weed those too. We went through the grownup clothes, and, well, I found about six things I can definitively say I am glad to throw away.
My other clothes from the 80's and 90's? No way. Keeping. Can't let go. Heck, we're going to a place where we'll actually need wool sweaters. And the baby clothes? I think I opened one rubbermaid tub– couldn't even reach in and look at the stuff!– before I turned away. I can't do this!
I have the stuff on mothballs and lots off 'em for which I take serious ribbing from the BFFs. But here's the point of those mothballs. I am in it for the long haul, I tell you. If someone needs a sweater, if a baby needs clothes 40 years from now, I got 'em!
Last night as I brought in the yardsale clothes and put them in the 'yard sale closet' I thought, what am I *even* (as Napoleon Dynamite would say) doing? Why am I bringing these back in the house? Why aren't they going straight to the Mission Thrift down the road from my workplace– a huge symbolic gesture to accompany my last 8 days at my current job?
What is the best use of my time? Spending hours making a few bucks here and there, organizing and storing this crap, a breeding ground for bugs, dustmites, and psychological burden? Getting my house completely cleared out to the essentials (and the spiritual fortitude it takes to actually let go)?
Some things I do that take more time have payoffs that make them worth it. When I cook a vegan meal or make pancakes or muffins or bake a cake, the appetizing (usually!) food, the removal of additives and other yuckies that will aggravate autoimmune disorders or cancer genes or heart disease down the road, and the nutrition are their own reward. With vegan cooking we also get a side of saving the earth– meat agriculture is harder on our environment than our cars.
When I hang clothes on the line (convert your clothes dryer to solar power for two bucks!) we save about 50 cents and the sun bleaches out stains. We also get another side of saving the earth, since reducing consumption is one of the keys to moving away from fossil fuels and toward renewable energy.
So. Rogation Day (Welcome to workingmommykimworld, where a million things are always going on at the same time).
I think Father Richard's sermon is my answer. I proceed to shorten and bastardize it greatly for the sake of my point.
Rogation Day like most Christian holidays was imposed upon a pagan/druid sacred day and ritual. Joseph of Arimathea was no fool– he didn't reinvent the wheel. When in Rome, that is Glastonbury…
Wealthy 'counselor' and Jew, maternal uncle Joseph of Arimathaea, supposedly a disciple in secret, requests Christ's body after the crucifixion so that it may be honorably buried in accordance with Jewish custom. Then he has to hightail it so he hits the friendly godless shores of the British Isles (has much changed?) where they don't like to write stuff down (no paper trail) but preferred to tell stories to keep the spirit alive.
H'm. As a librarian and student of indigenous culture and given my belief in the importance of human connection, this in many contexts sounds good to me. Though now that the written word is so fluid… it has a spirit of its own, it's not such a threat as it must have been then.
But anyhoo.
The pagan feast of Rogation involved cleansing the fields of demons with switches, or praying for protection from mold, or walking the boundaries of the parish, depending on where and when you were.
In Britain they 'beat the bounds' with switches and then burned the switches (with their demons, presumably). The practice was outlawed in 1547 but in a strange twist Queen Elizabeth I re instituted it but ordered that the boundaries of the parish be walked. What was she thinking? That's a sincere question.
Father Richard invites the congregation to a symbolic beating of the bounds, including burning the switches in a cookout (ya gots to have food if you're Episcopalian) after the service. He says, in part– why are we doing this? Because it's fun, because it's history, because it's our history, and because it is important to bless our church yard. The church yard is consecrated ground, and a precious part of our ministry. People rest and read in the church yard. Children play in it. It holds the ashes of our beloved dead.
Our homes and yards are a precious part of our daily ministry, even if we don't call it that or subscribe to a codified system of beliefs from an organized religion or other source — Flylady.net for example. Flylady says to simply bless the world with your stuff, don't hold on to it and don't yard sale it, have courage to let it go and make room for more blessings to come back your way.
And home staging wisdom is that you must get rid of all your clutter to show your home.
We all make our houses and yards as comfortable as we can for our families, in accordance with our values, schedules, abilities, aesthetics, budgets, and our families' needs.
When I was growing up my family's homes were sometimes almost formal and sometimes clean but centered not around neatness but around people and activities– grandchildren. Visitors. Cocktails. Work space for woodworking or sewing or home office or home business. The almost too big supper table right in the middle of the kitchen.
No matter who or where they were, my grownups were diligent in making their homes presentable and comfortable, and tended their yards and gardens– whether a small suburban lawn or a long acre in West Virginia– with passion and devotion.
Now, my grandmas stayed home, my mother in law stayed home, my sister in law Kim seems to be able to keep her house lovely even though she works– she doesn't have any little ones yet, but I suspect that if as a working lady she can find time for her arts and her home, she'll still manage it as a parent. That's just who she is.
My parents had slave labor (myself and my brother) to help. I haven't got to those points yet– not staying home, not slave labor– and maybe never will, so while I and my husband don't lack passion for or devotion to home and garden, I don't know when or if we'll ever get to their level of home.
But I take the thought processes and ministry and blessing of everyday housework, home hearth and garden, seriously as often as I can given how freaking tired I usually am after a day or week of work. Cooking and cleaning and yardwork are three of my favorite things, and I love to do them for my family and I love to invite people over. This is the first time I've had a house worth inviting folks to in many years, and my first own house ever.
So… back to my original question. Where should all those yard sale clothes go? And what's the best use of my time? What do I do? I know I need to dump the stuff. Holding on to it is indicative of a mindset holding me, holding us, back, spiritually and financially and geographically. But can I really do it?
Like Father Richard I'm not much worried about demons. At least not literally. But extra crap creates an inviting place for dust, molds and bugs to live and grow. It makes it harder to keep the house neat, adds a huge psychological burden, makes the house less attractive, both in terms of how it looks and how it feels at a gut or energy level, to potential renters or buyers. It makes us a lot less nimble when it's time to move into what I am almost sure will be a *much* smaller house –but it will be in a place close to heavenly in many ways, which is why we're willing to make the leap.
And I hear tell it's not legal to set fires within these here city limits. So setting fire to it, while it would be a gorgeous spiritual gesture (and I still have BFF's flamethrower! forgot to give it back!), probably isn't an option.
So. Absent processions and switches and fires, what do I do?
Rogation day. Cleansing the fields. Walking the borders of my little parish ministry. Praying for protection from mold (which loves to accumulate in extra stuff!).
It is so beautiful out here– Napa/Vacaville California. The skies are blue blue and there's a stiff breeze at all times (this was bad timing for someone with a huge cowlick in the front to cut bangs). My sister in law's house is comfy cozy and her back porch and little fenced in yard are lovely too. Despite all the new construction, new money, and paving over, much of Napa still has so much atmosphere– I'm probably feeling all the 20th reunion emotions my husband is too easygoing to worry about.
We ate supper last night at the pizza joint where my husband and his best friend unionized the dishwashers… my husband walked off the job aftet two weeks. His dad asked him why. You're not going to be a brain surgeon, you know. So no, he's no brain surgeon, but it's given my husband great satisfaction to make more in a year than– well anyway.
I've enjoyed getting to know the people he went to high school with. He's enjoying getting to know them too cause he graduted in a class of 400. FOUR HUNDRED. So even the reunion committee has to spend time looking puzzled and asking, who are you again? And then getting all excited when they finally figure out the shared memory.
I can't imagine graduating in a class that big. I am way more of a small town girl than I thought… I love my privacy, I love my time alone, I love quiet anonymity, I love walking down the street completely alone in a big city anywhere in the world knowing NO ONE– or at least I thought I did. And I'm sure I still do. I also love big parties and bars and the thrilling unknown of stepping into big gatherings of people I don't necessarily know, people watching and all. But to be part of such a large group and know so few people– that seems to me so lonely!
But when we went back to my 20th last year I felt surrounded by family. Surrounded by family has its good and bad points, right? They remember you when. The humiliations of high school (and for me there were MANY, most self-inflicted) are right there in their eyes when they look at you. And I hang my head in shame to remember how many of those sweet old faces I did not recognize or have names for. But they also, well, remember you when. And my graduating class of 75 made a conscious effort for that reunion to connect, support, uplift, really be together. It was so sweet. It was like family.
Course, that could be a cultural difference, not just a size difference.
Blah blah blah. That's a very long way around to my point, because I have to go get ready.
We have to leave here in about 20 minutes to get to our next engagement. We just barely got 7 hours of sleep last night. That's our fault of course, we could have come back to my sister in law's for a good night's sleep… but we didn't, because we craved time in a smaller group really connecting.
So now we have to bust it out of here. Which leads me to my point.
I got up at nine and enjoyed the incredible weather in the cozy back yard for about 15 minutes, and have blogged for about 15 minutes. And now we have to go.
Vacation is when you DON'T have anywhere to go. This is like work. Except we choose to do it and paid a lot of money to do it. And everyone is super nice. And the weather is SO FREAKIN BEAUTIFUL. We're in Napa!
But it's still like work. Go, go, go! So off we go. I gotta be picnic ready in 20 minutes. At least I can do my makeup in the car… and there's no breeze to screw up my cowlicked bangs in the car. Sigh.


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Wandfluh will be exhibiting at Hannover,
Hall 23 Stand B18
The stand will be showing the general range of products with an emphasis on proportional technology.
Featured on the stand will be:-
Programmable Mobile Electronics
Proportional Cartridge Valve range
You will be most welcome to visit the stand.
If you plan to visit our Stand and know the day, and would like to discuss any topics please advise.
We can than inform the stand personnel to expect you.
Read Wandfluh AG News


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Since 2013, mainstream media outlets have been flooded with images supplied by a western and Gulf-backed 'NGO'. With each successive image, indignant western officials continue their calls for another 'humanitarian' military intervention in Syria.
In the following video, we're told that the White Helmets aka "Syria Civil Defense" are frantically digging for survivors at the scene of an alleged "Assad barrel bomb," or possibly a "Russian or Syrian air-strike." Either way, it's impossible to independently verify exactly what the audience is looking at. Same with the location and time – this scene might be somewhere in northern Syria, presumably in "rebel-held" (occupied by terrorists like Al Nusra, Arar Al Sham, Nour al din Zinki, or ISIS) enclaves like Idlib or East Aleppo, but like most White Helmet videos – it's impossible to independently verify either the time or location of the event in question.


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In ShortThough not luxurious, this discount clothing chain offers convenient shopping and fantastic deals. If you look really hard, you'll manage to find some expensive brands mixed among the more mass-market names: DKNY, Calvin Klein, Laundry and Theory have been known to populate the racks.
From family friendly trips with kid friendly activities to local plumbers lawyers, spas, and contractors. Judy's Book has millions of listings and reviews for the best and not so great. Whether you're looking for a specific business or just trying to discover great places we make it easy. We're a family oriented site focusing on bringing trusted reviews and recommendations to moms and others. Green and Sustainable places are becoming more relevant to Judy's Book users, have a favorite place? Write a review and tell users why it's Green!


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Joann's Fudge - At Joann's Fudge, they believe that no two weddings are alike and try to build that unique aspect into creating custom fudge boxes for reception favors that complement your wedding theme or special interest. Horse carriages, tandem bicycles, and the Mackinac bridge are just a few of the box designs offered. Inside the box is one of 29 fantastic fudge flavors made daily in their shops with fresh cream and butter. Specialty candy, taffy, peanut & cashew brittle is also available. Contact Sue to get your order started at 906 847-6357 or view their web site for box samples and more information.
Original Murdick's Fudge - Murdick's offers the Mackinac Island SweetBar. The new SweetBar is for the bride and groom who want to treat their guests to a dessert table or customized wedding favors that are uniquely Mackinac.A SweetBar offers bite-size pieces of fudge and English toffee served on a table or marble slab, and jars and baskets of caramel corn and taffy from which you can scoop unlimited amounts into your own bags "all in the name of fun!"Murdick's Sweet Consultants are available to assist with customizing the choices and stylizing your sweets to coordinate with the design for your day. Guests can chose from unlimited amounts of fresh made peanut, cashew or pecan brittle, caramel corn, taffy, English Toffee and of course fudge. Choose either a 1/2-pound slice of fudge as a take-home favor (choose from 18 flavors), or a 1/4-pound piece of fudge in a personalized 3- by 3-inch classic box with your names and wedding date imprinted on the top. Decorate your place settings with this special treat or present it as a take-home memento for guests. Murdick's consultants are happy to work with you on one-of-a-kind personalization options and themes for their SweetBar or SweetFavors. Contact Murdick's Sweet Consultants today at 906 847-3530.
Complete your Mackinac Island wedding by gifting a small box of delicious Mackinac Island fudge for each guest as a wedding favor. Since Mackinac Island and fudge are synonymous, no treat is more treasured than a gift of fudge. Made fresh daily right on the Island, the individually boxed confections may be personalized with the bride and groom's names and delivered to the reception. The boxes hold about 1/2 a slice of this special Island treat.


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If we're being honest, I think we can agree that no one has kids for the financial benefits. They simply aren't a reliable return on investment. On the other hand, kids provide spiritual, emotional, and developmental benefits. Just don't expect to have a lot of spare money lying around.
The average American child costs more than $240,000 to raise to the age of 18. So if you're in the process of deciding whether or not you're ready to have kids, it's worth doing a little financial homework to make sure you're in the best shape possible. Here's a thoughtful checklist to see how much you need to save before having children.
Building Reasonable Savings
It's easy to look at a big number like $240,000 and think there's no way you'll ever be able to save enough. But it's important to look at the daily and monthly picture rather than the 18-year picture.
To make sure you're prepared for life's emergencies and the monthly costs of raising a child, experts agree that you should have 3-6 months of savings in a liquid savings account.
So take a look at your situation: do you struggle to maintain an emergency fund like the majority of Americans? How much do you think you could save before you have a child? Make sure it's in this range of 3-6 months of your cost of living to provide a secure home environment for a child.
Considering Your Assets
Not everyone has their whole new worth in the form of a savings account or a retirement account. It's also important to be building a portfolio of assets that can grow over time as your family grows with as little daily maintenance and worry as possible.
For example, if you have stocks, bonds, real estate, or other investments, tally those up inside your net worth and see where that puts you, financially. Evaluate what you have, what you plan to have, and how those costs will figure into your net worth over time.
If you don't have any investable assets, the time to change that situation is now. Look into researching a few options and see if you can invest in growing your portfolio before you grow your family. That way you can reap the rewards that come with investing early, compounded interest, and take some financial pressure off of your future self.
Evaluating Potential Income
The process and experience of having a child is all about building a future for your family. The same goes with the process and experience of preparing your finances for having a child; it's not just about what you have right now but about what you will have in the future and as time passes.
When you evaluate your current financial situation, take a look at the future, too. You should take into account the potential future income you will be able to earn. In many industries, the more experienced you are, the more you'll be able to charge for your services and your position. That means your earning power will rise over time, making that $240,000 seem less and less of a financial iceberg.
Understanding Needs and Wants
Another important factor to keep in mind is that once you have children, your needs and wants are likely to change drastically. Things that seemed important or worth the cost may not seem so important or worthwhile as they did before. This goes for anything from fancy dinners out to vacations across the country.
While your child-related costs may increase, your childless-costs may decrease too, evening out some of those costs. Having a better understanding of your needs and wants as they are now may help you identify places within your budget that can be decreased accordingly.
At the end of the day, there's no such thing as "enough" when it comes to raising kids. Emergencies and accidents happen, costing you more money than you thought you'd need in the first place. On the other hand, your child might also surprise you with how little you need compared to what you planned for.
At the end of the day, you need to be able to cover your rent and financial responsibilities while saving a little for the future — and a little one adds to those responsibilities. Take a good hard look at your current level of savings, try to build your assets as much as possible, and keep your future earning potential in mind.
Author Bio: Rich Ellinger is a serial software entrepreneur with a passion for investing. His latest company, Wealthminder, strives to help do-it-yourself investors create a workable financial plan and then marry that plan to a sensible investing strategy, all online. You can read more of his work at The Enlightened Investor.
Image via Meagan
*This post was featured on Momma Makes Cents, Business Action for Water and Aspiring Blogger.


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Olive leaf extract is derived from the leaves of the olive tree. Lesser known than olive oil, which is pressed from the fruits of the tree, olive leaf extract offers several health benefits.
Ancient Egyptians and Mediterraneans understood the benefits of olive leaf extract, and used it to treat a wide variety of maladies.
The Olea europeae [...]
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CNN uses screenshot from 'Fallout 4' to show how Russians hack things
The thing about computer hacking is that it's such a general, far-reaching term that it's almost impossible to explain to someone who isn't already familiar with it. So, news networks who need b-roll footage to show while they're talking about hacking usually just show keyboards or random strings of letters and numbers, while the audience stares blindly at the screen, assuming that whatever they're looking at is somehow related to the topic. Or, if you're CNN, you steal footage from one of the most popular video games of the year and hope that nobody watching will recognize it.
.@CNN used a photo from a website that replicates the terminal hacking from Fallout. Neat trick! #FakeNews #russianhacking pic.twitter.com/xh9StOOhF9
— McFeels (@jazzhandmcfeels) January 3, 2017
@FacMagnaAmerica pic.twitter.com/pPnCMggI51
— Deplorable Deangelo (@LiberalRipper) January 3, 2017
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The aircraft carrier is the centerpiece of the United States Navy because of its ability to transport aircraft all over the world. The main component of these ships is their ability to launch and land jets in such a small space. But with so much chaos in such a small area, engineers have had to design simple yet effective devices to help manage the process. The catapult system is used for taking off, while the Fresnel lens and arresting wires are used to help the pilot land. These systems have been in place for several decades, and even though technology will improve drastically within the next 20 years, the future systems will continue to be based on these initial designs.
The Floating Airport
Aircraft carriers have been the centerpiece of the United States Navy since World War II despite the fact that their most basic and important function, launching and landing fighter jets on a ship in the middle of the ocean, proves to be a very difficult task. Due to the extremely limited runway space on the decks of these mobile machines, engineers have been forced to develop powerful systems to accelerate and decelerate aircraft in a very short period of time.
Wagner, Jr./U.S. Navy
Ship Basics
The Navy currently uses Nimitz class aircraft carriers, which are typically 1,094 feet in length and have deck space of approximately 4.5 acres, the size of four football fields (see Fig. 1). Below deck the ships hold up to 80 aircraft, 6,250 people, 2 nuclear reactors, and all the supplies needed for tours that can last several months [1], [2].
In order for the aircraft carrier to act as a true traveling airport, the pilots and crew rely on three key elements to launch and land aircraft safely. First, four catapults are specially developed to launch planes at high speeds. Second, a lighting system known as the Fresnel lens, or the "meatball" system, lets a pilot know if the plane has the correct altitude and position when approaching to land. Third, four arresting cables are in place to bring the plane to rest in less than 320 feet [3].
Launching From A Catapult
Aircraft typically require long runways in order to gather enough speed so they can successfully take off. Since the runway length on an aircraft carrier is only about 300 feet [3], compared to the 2,300 feet needed for normal aircraft to take off from a runway [4], engineers have created steam-powered catapults on the decks of carriers that are capable of launching aircrafts from 0 to 150 knots (170 miles per hour) in just 2 seconds [5]. The takeoff system can be broken down into two components - the above ground and below ground operations.
Zaragoza/U.S. Navy
Above Ground
Above deck, the crew hooks the aircraft's front wheel, or nose gear, to the catapult using a tow bar. The tow bar hangs off the front of the nose gear so the catapult can pull the aircraft [2]. In order to prevent harmful jet discharge from going into unwanted places, a jet-blast deflector is placed directly behind the aircraft, pushing the discharge up into the air (see Fig. 2). The pilot then pushes the engine to full throttle, creating a forward thrust that would traditionally move a jet forward [5]. A holdback bar is in place to prevent any motion at this time, despite the thrust of the jet.
Once the force from the catapult is added to the thrust of the jet, the excess force will cause the hold-back bar to release and the jet will move [2]. This is because the hold-back bar can only hold the force from the jet at full thrust, but not the additional force of the catapult.
Below Ground
Below deck, steam is pumped into a capsule at extremely high pressures. Once a valve is released, steam travels up a long tube that runs the length of the catapult. The pressure from the steam travels to several pistons, which are locked in place until the signal for their release is given. The pistons are attached to the catapult above by a pulley system located in a crack running the length of the runway [6].
Once the aircraft is at full throttle and the steam is creating pressure below deck, the pistons are released and pushed forward at high speeds. The force causes the holdback device, which is designed only to hold the force from the thrust of the jet, to release and shoot the jet from the ship into the air.
After completing its task, the catapult must be stopped quickly. A water brake system is attached to the end of the launch tube. When the pistons hit the water brake, pressure from the water in the tube forces the pistons to quickly come to a halt [7]. The pulley system then rapidly retracts the catapult so that the next aircraft can be hooked up for launch. The retracted pistons push the steam through separate tubing so that it can be reheated and reused for later launches [6]. The entire process takes around 20 to 30 seconds to complete [2].
The Landing Process
Landing on an aircraft carrier is often described as the toughest task for a Navy pilot. The pilot has to line up with the runway correctly, come in at the correct angle, and stop the plane in a short distance for a successful landing. For many this would be an unnerving task, but luckily engineers have devised two systems to help accomplish these tasks - the Fresnel lens and the arresting wires.
Lining Up For Landing
The Fresnel lens optical landing system provides guidance for correctly landing on an aircraft carrier [2]. The lens is located on the side of the runway so that it can be seen by the pilots throughout the entire landing process.
White/U.S. Navy
The optical landing system consists of a horizontal bar of green lights and a vertical bar of red lights on both sides of the "meatball" [3]). The "meatball" is the centerpiece that consists of five amber colored lenses (see Fig. 3). Certain lenses will light up one at a time depending on the angle the plane is in relation to the "meatball." This causes the center light to appear to be moving up and down in relation to the horizontal green bars on the sides. In order to safely land, the pilot tries to keep the center amber lens horizontal with the green bar throughout process [2]. If the pilot gets too low, the amber light will turn red indicating that the aircraft is dangerously low and risks hitting the back end of the aircraft carrier. The red lights around the green horizontal bars will be flashing if the carrier is not able to receive the aircraft, and so the jet must keep circling or find another place to land [3].
Touching Down
The most dangerous part for the pilots is the touchdown and subsequent deceleration caused by the arresting wires. Not only does it take incredible skill to pull off this landing maneuver, but success also depends greatly on the ground crew avoiding any errors throughout the operation. Before touchdown, the pilot lowers the tail hook. The tail is a long metallic bar that hangs just inches above the surface of the carrier. When the aircraft lands, the hooked end of the tail snags one of the four arresting cables, stopping the aircraft. Although the cables are simple in structure, there is a great risk of something going wrong. Good pilots hit the second or third cables rather than the first or fourth, because these wires will keep the pilot from running into the back of the carrier while still allowing room for takeoff should they miss their target. Once the wheels hit the deck, the pilot immediately pushes the aircraft to full throttle. This is to ensure that if the tail hook misses the arresting wires, the aircraft can still have enough speed to quickly take off again at the end of the runway [2].
Before the aircraft lands, a member of the arresting-gear crew inputs the weight specifications of the incoming jet and checks the statistics very carefully [5]. If the inputted weight is too large, the plane might be stopped too quickly, causing damage to the jet. Even worse, if the inputted weight is too low, the aircraft will not be stopped in time and the jet will fly off the runway into the water. Although the danger is always prevalent, extensive training and practice make these types of catastrophes rare.
Reterski/U.S. Navy
If everything goes right and the arresting cable is engaged, the cable is pulled out through the ground and slows the plane. Operated by pulley systems, both ends of the cable meet up with a piston inside a cylinder running parallel beneath the deck wires above (see Fig. 4). The cylinders are filled with a varying amount of fluid depending on the weight of the craft. As the wire is pulled, the pistons move through the tube, slowly forcing the fluid out of the cylinder. The force from the fluid slows down the initial tug on the pistons, which in return slows down the arresting wires and the attached plane [6]. Once the plane is at a complete stop and powered down, the tail hook is released and the arresting wires are pulled back and readied for the next aircraft to land [5].
Future Improvements to the Aircraft Carrier
New systems for aircraft carriers are being developed and integrated into the Nimitz class ships. The USS Ronald Reagan, launched in July of 2003, changed the angle of the landing runway in order to create more room in the front of the carrier and longer catapults [3]. The arresting wires and their engines were both strengthened. All of these changes made the carrier capable of carrying new aircraft that weigh more and improved launch and landing times [8].
The CVN-21 class of aircraft carriers will soon replace the Nimitz class as the standard in the United States Navy. The USS Gerald R. Ford will be the first carrier of the next generation [3]. In addition to improved deck size and positioning, the USS Gerald R. Ford will replace the steam-powered catapult and implement an Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System, or EMALS [1]. Instead of using steam to push the pistons down the runway, magnets will create the force on the catapult. The final system is still being engineered, but it will be similar to the current magnetic system that is used to propel some roller coasters.
These systems will greatly increase the safety of the launch and landing systems, while decreasing the maintenance, since they will be less reliant on humans, and thus less susceptible to human error. The future carriers will be able to stay out at sea longer because they will require 300-500 fewer sailors [9]. By improving current systems rather than creating an entirely new aircraft carrier, the Navy has increased the speed in which the new line can be introduced, and has decreased the cost [9].
By using the current technology systems as the model for the future designs, the Navy is demonstrating how simple yet effective the original design principles really are. Engineers have created an aircraft carrier that has withstood the test of time and will continue to be used, in one form or another, well into the future.
- [1] R. R. Burgess. (2004, May). "General Atomics to Build New Carrier Aircraft Catapults." Sea Power. [On-line]. pp. 46. Available: Proquest: http://www.proquest.com/ [Mar. 4, 2007].
- [2] R. R. Burgress. The Naval Aviation Guide." Annapolis, Maryland: US Naval Institute Press, 1996, 162-180.
- [3] The United States Navy."The Aircraft Carrier." Internet: http://www.navy.mil/navydata/ships/carriers/carriers.asp, [Mar. 4, 2007].
- [4] The United States Air Force. "T-38 Talon." Internet: http://www.af.mil/history/aircraft.asp?dec=1960&pid=1230065, [Mar. 25, 2007].
- [5] Y. Kaufman. City at Sea. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1995, pp. 54-66.
- [6] Global Security. "Carrier Design." Internet: http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/cv-design.htm, [Mar. 5, 2007].
- [7] "Advance Eddy Current Braking Technology." DoD TechMatch. Internet: http://www.dodtechmatch.com/DOD/Opportunities/SBIRView.aspx?id=N07-T008, Jan 22, 2007 [Mar. 16, 2007].
- [8] G. Toremans. (2006, Jan.). '"Floating City' With Own Airport: Naval Forces Special Correspondent Embarked on USS 'Ronald Regan.'" Military Module. [On-line]. pp. 121-126. Available: Proquest: http://www.proquest.com/ [Mar. 4, 2007].
- [9] R. K. Ackerman. (2001, Dec.). "Future Carrier Designed for Evolution." Signal. [On-line]. pp. 45-47. Available: Proquest: http://www.proquest.com/ [Mar. 3, 2007].
- [10] R. C. Allen. (2001, Nov.). "Next-generation Carrier Will Have Several 'Leap-Ahead' Technologies." National Defense. [On-line]. pp. 66-67. Available: Proquest: http://www.proquest.com/ [Mar. 6, 2007].
- [11] D. Bouchoux. "The Next Carrier Piece by Piece." Proc. United States Naval Institute, 1997, pp. 26-29.
- Military Analysis Network. "CVX." Internet: http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/cvx.htm, Oct. 15, 2000 [Mar. 7, 2007].
- [12] "Installations on the Flight Deck." Internet: http://navysite.de/cvn/flightdeck.htm, [Mar. 24, 2007].
- [13] P. Pae. (2001, Nov.). "A New Venture for Northrop; Acquisition: In gaining Newport News, the aerospace firm becomes the world's largest military shipbuilder." Los Angeles Times. [On-line]. Available: ProQuest: http://www.proquest.com/ [Mar. 5, 2007].
- [14] USS Nimitz, US Navy. "The Ship." Internet: http://www.nimitz.navy.miyindex.html, [Mar. 4, 2007].
- J. Wilson. (1998, Oct.). "21st Century Carrier Force." Popular Mechanics. [On-line]. pp. 58-61. Available: Proquest: http://www.proquest.com/ [Mar. 8, 2007].


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Our class, along with many other grade four classes have begun to look at persuasive writing this week. The timing seems natural as it fits well with our Child Rights unit of inquiry, part of which relates to how rights can be upheld. Persuasion is a significant part of this and we are working towards the goal of creating well Read full article »
Tag archives for Collaborative
Persuasive Writing
Sports Day 2015.
ES Sports Day 2015 was a wonderful occasion. It really was a celebration of all the different things that make our class what it is. For me, as their teacher, it was my last ever one at ISM and honestly the one I have most enjoyed! The day began in the MS Gym with the opening ceremony. This included an appearance Read full article »
Geometry in my World and Maths Morning Events.
This week our classroom played host to two events where the Manta Rays Students and Class Parent Community came together with the goal of further developing their understanding of what we are doing in Maths. On the morning of Tuesday 27th January Grade Four opened it's doors for the whole of our learning community to visit each class' expo of their Read full article »
Grade Four Ten Thousand Project.
Learning Intention: To develop our ability as mathematicians to model with Maths, look for patterns, be precise and present what we learn. Guiding Questions: How big is 10,000? What does 10,000 look like? How many different ways can we show 10,000? Task: Find 10,000 of something to bring in to share with the class. Be prepared to present your work to students and teachers at our 10,000 Read full article »
Using Our Data Handling Skills to Monitor Changes in how Sustainable our Food Consumption is at Snack Time.
In January 2014, as part of our Sustainable Food Production Inquiry, the Invisible Tigers gathered data on what materials were used to make our food packaging and how many of each. We found the following categories- plastic, reusable, metal, paper, tetra pack and tin foil. We discovered that on a given day there were thirty nine of our snack items Read full article »
Sports Day 2014.
Sports Day 2014 was a big success for the Invisible Tigers. Our awareness of the importance of being ethical, fair, caring and connected collaborators was strongly in evidence as the class pulled together as a team throughout the day. The kids were generally very calm and patient and balanced being active participants with the need to be self directed and Read full article »
PTA Used Book Fair Collection.
The Drive is currently on to gather as many books as possible for the PTA Used Book Fair. The collection runs until the 30th April. Any used book or magazine that you have as long as it is in reasonable condition can be included. Books in other languages would also be great as we have a linguistically diverse community. So far Read full article »
Sustainable Production Unit Launch.
We have begun the process of investigating how the food we eat is produced and to what extent this is sustainable. We launched the Sustainable Production Unit by receiving our three guiding questions and the Big Idea in the form of words, jumbled up in envelopes. We then put them in the right order and thenstuck them to posters. The Read full article »
Invisible Tigers Class End of Semester Party
Thank you to all who were able to attend the Invisible Tigers Class party on Friday 13th December. It was great to see our whole learning community- kids, parents and teachers all together, relaxing as we near the end of the semester. Link to Party Slideshow HERE Read full article »
Spotlight on Numeracy Part 3.
Our focus on Place Value and Number Operations will shift imminently to Measurement so prior to doing so it would be good to take a look at some of the things that have been happening of late in the Invisible Tigers sphere of Numeracy. Lets kick things off with another fun investigation that you can do at home with your very Read full article »
Using Mathematical Thinking.
Investigating and understanding through numbers and mathematical ideas.
Science and People Studies.
Research, experiment, discover and understand scientific and human things in our world.


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Moral development is concerned with a pupil's knowledge, understanding, intentions, attitudes and behaviour in relation to what is 'right' and 'wrong'. Moral development then is concerned with fundamental judgements and precepts about how people should behave and act and reasons for such behaviour. The intention at Holme Grange is that pupils, as they develop a sense of morality, will be invited to explore the place of reason in ethical matters and, as autonomous moral agents, acquire value systems which are their own, together with an understanding that their behaviour and actions should be derived from a moral set of beliefs and values. It is crucial for the School to expect high moral standards from all members of its community and it is in this context that it is felt important that teachers explore the basis of moral behaviour. It is important for boys and girls to understand that any social grouping depends for its continued existence on the broad acceptance of rules and laws.
In the classroom situation, in consistency with the purpose of developing pupil autonomy and personal responsibility, moral education focuses on values clarification. It is important, however, to be clear and consistent when dealing with matters of morality, especially where there is a high degree of consensus in society.
Moral Development
- To follow an agreed set of values led by the Holme Grange Way, sharing a set of values which pupils' can intrinsically regulate through their behaviours.
Pupils enter school with degrees of moral understanding defined by their families and friends. They should be encouraged to take personal responsibility for their words and actions. They should be expected to reject any form of bullying, discrimination or cruelty. They should be helped to deal with any moral dilemmas they may face.
To help them develop a clear and positive moral code at school and in the wider world they should be led to respect:
- the importance of respect to others within and outside the school community;
- the importance of observing rules and undertaking responsibilities;
- the importance of compassion and of tact;
- the positive beliefs and feelings, and the property and rights, of others;
- their environments – both at school, home and in the wider world.
We encourage respect for others paying particular regard to the protected characteristics set out in the 2010 Act.
As part of our Behaviour Policy our school believes that all children and adults have the right to live in a supportive, caring environment in which pupils feel safe and free from bullying and harassment that may include cyber-bullying and prejudice-based bullying related to special educational need, sexual orientation, sex, race, religion and belief, gender reassignment or disability (as defined in the Equality Act 2010), and the use of discriminatory language. Bullying can occur through several types of anti-social behaviour.


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Tel: +49 221 999 83 301
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Prof. Dr. Niklas Höhne is a founding partner of NewClimate Institute. He is also Special Professor "mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions" at Wageningen University, The Netherlands. He follows the international climate negotiations since 1995. He led numerous studies related to the international climate change negotiations and national climate policies, for example several evaluations of countries' performances in climate change and two publications in Nature. Niklas Höhne is lead author for the IPCC Fourth and Fifth Assessment Report for the chapter on climate policies and international cooperation. He is also lead author of the UNEP Emissions Gap reports 2010 to 2018. He created the Climate Action Tracker that tracks commitments and actions of countries on climate change. Niklas Höhne holds a PhD from the University of Utrecht for his dissertation on "What is next after the Kyoto Protocol – Assessment of options for international climate policy post 2012″. His work on sharing the effort of reducing emissions between countries led to the IPCC statement that developed countries would need to reduce emissions by 25% to 40% in 2020 compared to 1990 to be compatible with limiting global temperature increase to 2°C. He participated as expert in hearings of the European and German parliament. Before co-founding NewClimate Institute, Niklas Höhne worked at Ecofys, a leading climate and energy consultancy (2001 to 2014), where he last was Director of Energy and Climate Policy. Previously, he was a staff member of the UNFCCC secretariat (1998 to 2001), where he supported the negotiations on various issues, including reporting under the Kyoto Protocol, projections of greenhouse gas emissions, fluorinated greenhouse gases and emissions from international transport.
Media appearances of Prof. Dr. Niklas Höhne:
- Quoted in Washington Post and Huffington Post on one year after the withdrawal of the USA from the Paris Agreement, June 2018
- Quoted in Die Zeit on impact of tourism on the climate, May 2018 (German); on this topic also in Die Zeit (different article), Handelsblatt and Stern
- Quoted in Washington Post on global progress on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, February 2018
- Interview in DW about NDCs and writing the Paris Accord Rule Book, November 2017
- Interview in DW on outcome of G20 summit on climate, July 2017
- Quoted in Washington Post, New York Times, BBC, Nature, New Scientist, Bloomberg, Huffpost on withdrawal of the USA from the Paris Agreement, June 2017
- Quoted in Washington Post and National Geographic on Trump's climate policy, May 2017
- Interview in Nature on science policy interface, December 2016
- Interview in Deutschlandfunk on outcome of Marrakech Climate Conference, November 2016 (German)
- Interview in DW on entry into force of the Paris Agreement, October 2016
- Interview in Deutschlandfunk on entry into force of the Paris Agreement, October 2016 (German)
- Quoted by Voice of America TV on the outcome of the Paris Agreement, December 2015
- Quoted by Reuters, Nature, Financial Times on INDCs in 2015
- Quoted in the Financial Times on CCS, September 2015
- Portrait in Der Tagesspiegel, July 2015 (German)
- New Scientist and BR2 radio interview on the new climate targets of China and the USA in December 2014
- Quoted in background report on 30 years climate policy in Deutschlandfunk, May 2018 (German)
- Interview in Bayern 2 on impact of tourism on the climate, May 2018 (German); on this topic also in Radio Bremen Zwei, BR Puls, WDR 1LIVE, MDR and detektor.fm
- Interview in WDR on "Klimawandel – Wer tut was, wer nicht?", May 2018 (German)
- Interview in BBC World Service on agreement of IMO on GHG emission reductions from ships, April 2018
- Interview in Deutschlandfunk on the German greenhouse gas target for 2020, January 2018 (German)
- Radio show in Deutschlandfunk to recap the results of the climate conference COP23 in Bonn, November 2017 (German)
- Radio talkshow in SWR 2 on international and national climate policy, November 2017 (German)
- Interview in Deutschlandfunk on the status of the climate negotiations half way through COP23, November 2017 (German)
- Radio talkshow in WDR5 on what needs to happen at the climate negotiations, November 2017 (German)
- Interview in Deutschlandfunk on possible withdrawal of USA from Paris Agreement, June 2017 (German)
- Interview on Deutschlandfunk on climate policy in China, India and USA, April 2017 (German)
- Interview in DW on impact of Trump's election on global climate policy, November 2016
- Interview in BR2 on German longterm climate plan, September 2016 (German)
- Interview in WDR5 Leonardo (minute 1:00) on paper in Nature, June 2016 (German)
- Radio interview on investment conditions for low carbon infrastructure, Deutschlandfunk, May 2016 (German)
- Interview in China Radio International on the international climate negotiations in Warsaw 2013
- Quoted in WDR aktuelle Stunde (at 0min16) about the climate impacts of tourism, Mai 2018 (German)
- Interview on Phoenix about the Climate Action Tracker during COP 23, November 2017 (German)
- Quoted in Tagesthemen (at 2min50) about how France and Germany are handling coal energy, November 2017 (German)
- Quoted in ZDF heute Sendung (at 11min40) about coal energy use in Germany (German), November 2017
- Quoted in WDR Aktuelle Stunde on impact of tourism on the climate, May 2018 (German)
- Interview on DW news about Trump pulling out the U.S. out of Paris Agreement, June 2017
- TV interview on RTCC at COP 20 Lima in December 2014 on progress


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Krystle was born straight out of Compton, literally. No stranger to the hustle, Krystle owns a commercial cleaning company called Crystal Clean LA. The past year has brought a lot of change to her. As relationships come and go, Krystle is on a path to refresh herself, her life and the people around her. L.A. is her home and that's the way she likes it. It's the diversity and the culture that continues to inspire her to grow and challenge herself both in business and in life.
What do you wake up thinking about?
GOD. Before I even open my eyes, I thank God for waking me up.
What's your morning ritual?
Pray, check my emails and social media. Then I brush my teeth, wash my face and immediately head to the gym.
How does social media play into your daily life?
Social media is huge in my life. I wish it wasn't, but like most people in world, we can't seem to disconnect.
Are we more connected or disconnected than before?
I believe we are more disconnected. I remember Actually calling my friends on the phone and talking for hours. Now, a simple text will suffice. We use to be able to have a dinner with friends and family without checking our social media the whole time. People don't live in the NOW. I'm actually reading the POWER OF NOW and it has changed me completely.
What is most important to you in life?
God and family are most important to me. I want to live my life without any regrets and be exactly who I am regardless of who likes me or not. I want to own my shit, stand tall in it, all while wearing a hot pair of Manolo Blahnik's.
Follow Krystle: @krys_nicole


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Lecture 6 4.5 Generalized Permutations and Combinations Recap r-permutations: The number of ways in which we can draw r balls from a collection of n different balls, where the order is important: P(n,r) = n! / (n-r)!
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Generalized Permutations and Combinations
r-permutations: The number of ways in which we can draw r balls
from a collection of n different balls, where the order
is important: P(n,r) = n! / (n-r)!
r-combinations: The number of ways in which we can draw r balls
from a collection of n different balls, where we do not care
about the ordering: C(n,r) = n! / r! (n-r) !
Today: we study counting problems where repetitions are allowed,
i.e. it is possible that the same ball is drawn multiple times.
r boxes
n ways
n-1 ways
n-r+1 ways
the slots
have labels
n balls
r-permutation without repetition (order important)
r-combination without repetition (order not important)
the balls are not replaced
when they have been drawn
the same
the slots
have no labels
we over-counted by r!
r boxes
n ways
n ways
n ways
the slots
have labels
n balls
r-permutation with repetition (order important)
r-combination with repetition (order not important)
the balls are replaced
when they have been drawn.
Or there is a very large stack
of indistinguishable balls
of each color.
the same
the slots
have no labels
this one is tricky !
Example: We want to draw 2 pieces of fruit from a bowl that contains many
2 apples, 2 pears, and 2 oranges. In how many ways can we do this such that:
1) The apples are different and the order matters.
2) The apples are different and the order does not matter.
3) The apples are indistinguishable but the order matters.
4) The apples are indistinguishable and the order does not matter.
3) Now there are 3 kinds of fruit that we draw with replacement (since there are
enough of each kind to be able to pick any fruit at any draw). This is true
because drawing apple 1 is no different than drawing apple 2. It's like there
are copies of the same apple present.
Thus: 3 * 3 = 9
( a a), (a p), (a o), (p a), (p p), (p o), (o a), (o p), (o o).
4) Since the order doesn't matter (a p) = (p a), idem (a o)=(o a), (p o)=(o p).
we over-counted 3 pieces: 9-3 = 6.
How to count the latter (r-combination with repetition)?
One strategy could be to start from drawing where the order matters and
try to count the number of ways we over-counted (last example).
However, there is a much smarter way!
Map the problem to a bit-string as follows:
balls become
indistinguishable slots
become become
distinguishable boxes.
C(n+r-1,r) bit-strings !
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
n is number of distinct classes of objects in the original bag!
- r-permutation without repetition
- order matters
(r distinguishable slots)
- without replacement
(n distinguishable objects)
- r-combination without repetition
- order does not matter
(r indistinguishable slots)
- without replacement
(n distinguishable objects)
n! / r! (n-r)!
n! / (n-r)!
- r-permutation with repetition
- order matters
(r distinguishable slots)
- with replacement
(n distinct classes of indistinguishable
- r-combination with repetition
- order does not matter
(r indistinguishable slots)
- with replacement
(n distinct classes of indistinguishable
(n+r-1)! / r! (n-1)!
Another problem:
Assume we have exactly n objects in a bag, and we are going to draw
all of them. The order in which we draw them is important, however
n1 objects are indistinguishable, n2 different objects are indistinguishable etc.
This is like: you can only replace the blue ball 2 times, the red ball 3 times etc.)
(b b r r r) is different from (b r b r b r), but the
blue balls are the same and the red balls are the same.
(2 distinct classes of indistinguishable balls of size
2 and 3 and distinguishable slots).
Here we can first count the total number of permutations, pretending all balls are
different n! (n = number of balls, not kinds of balls)
Now try to figure out which strings are equivalent:
(b1 b2 r1 r2 r3) = (b2 b1 r1 r2 r3). There are 2! ways to permute the blue balls.
(b1 b2 r2 r2 r3) = (b1 b2 r2 r1 r3). There are 3! ways to permute the red balls.
Therefore the total number of ways is: 5!/2! 3!.
In general: n!/ n1! n2! ...nk! with n=n1+n2+...+nk
Alternate derivation:
-For the first kind we have n slots and n1 balls to place such that the
order is unimportant: C(n,n1)
-For the second kind there are then n-n1 slots still open
to place n2 balls: C(n-n1,n2) ... etc.
-For the last kind we have (n-n1-n2-...-n_(k-1)) slots for
the remaining nk balls: C(n-n1-n2-...-n_(k-1),nk).
Total thus: C(n,n1) C(n-n1,n2)..... = n!/ n1! n2! ...nk! (check it!)
Yet another problem:
In how many ways can we distribute n different objects into k different boxes
such that n1 objects go in box 1, n2 objects go in box 2,... nk objects go in box k.
(k distinguishable boxes with n distinguishable balls)
(b r r b b g)
Trick: the colors are now the boxes, so we assign boxes to balls instead of
balls to boxes! From the previous problem we know there are
n!/n1! n2!...nk! ways to assign the boxes with k colors to the n balls.
1) How many ways are there to select five bills from a cash box containing
$1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50 and $100 bills, such that the bills are indistinguishable
and the order in which they are selected is unimportant. (there are also at least
5 bills of each kind).
This is like drawing colored balls with replacement. The colors correspond to
the values. Since the order doesn't matter we have: C(7+5-1,5)=462
2) A cookie shop has 4 kinds of cookies and we want to pick 6. We don't care
about the order and cookies from one kind are indistinguishable.
Again, drawing colored balls with replacement: colors are kind of cookies.
3) How many solutions to x1+x2+x3=11 with xi nonnegative integers.
This is like throwing 11 balls in 3 boxes. The balls inside each boxe are
indistinguishable. C(11+3-1,11)=78.
1) In how many ways can we place 10 indistinguishable items in 8 distinguishable
This is precisely the problem we saw to solve the r-combination with repetition:
2) How many different "words" can we create by reordering SUCCESS ?
Total number of permutations is 7!. However permuting the 3 S's does not
create a new word, idem 2 C's: 7!/3! 2!
3) In how many ways can we distribute a deck of 52 cards over 4 hands such that
each hand gets 5 cards?
There are 4 boxes which receive 5 cards and 1 box which receives 32 cards.
Assign people to cards instead: 52! / (5!)^5 32!
52 p. 344: How many different cross terms will we generate when we multiply out:
(x1+x2+...+xm)^n ?
How many different exponents are there of the sort x1^n1 x2^n2 ... xm^nm
with n1+n2+...+nm=n.
Equivalent to : how many different way are there to put n balls in m boxes:
38 p.342. Math teacher has 40 issues of a journal and packs them into 4 boxes,
10 issues each.
a) How many ways if the boxes are numbered?
assign boxes to issues: 40! / (10!)^4
b) Now the boxes are indistinguishable.
There are 4! ways to label the boxes,
once we have distributed them in unlabelled boxes.
Since the number of ways to distribute them in labeled boxes is given by a)
we get 40! / (10!)^4 4!.


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Hello sweet cheeks,
As you may already know, my decision to become a vegetarian was a spontaneous one. However, within the last week, I have found so many good reasons to continue being an asparagus. I'm going to get the sentimental reasons out of the way first. This post is based purely on my own feelings. Yes, you might view some sentences at hyperbolic. I am not playing the puppy card to try and make anyone feel guilty about their own choices.
I would like to introduce you to Leo:
Today Leo is celebrating his four-months-and-nineteen days birthday. Isn't he cute? I have a tendency to talk about Leo as if he is my child. Before this little rascal came along, I wasn't fond of animals. I have always liked the cold-blooded kind, but there was no way that mother asparagus would let a snake in the house. I wasn't even allowed the baby gecko, that was offered to me by my school librarian for a bargain £10! Since Leo has arrived in to my life, I have become, dare I say it? An animal person. I am now one of those people who will converse with dog-owners about puppy training tips. A trip to Pets at Home has become just as exciting as trips to Toys R' Us had been when I was small.
Leo does the funniest things, he is even sillier than the very silly asparagus. I am so proud of him when he gives paw in order to get a treat. He will sit on the kerb before crossing the road to make sure nothing is coming. My heart melts when he runs towards me, lays down on my feet and looks at me with those mismatched eyes until I give him a belly-rub. Leo is better than people at making friends. He met a miniature Schnauzer one day, called Lottie. It was love at first sight for the pair. Again, I stood like a proud parent as Leo played with Lottie. It was like a child fitting in well on their first day of school. There are times when Leo could do with eating a mint, the times he has laddered my tights and pulled threads from my clothes. But I love him. I don't want to get too emotional, but I did not think that I had the capacity to love some thing this much, that was not human (except for Chanel of course, darling). If I love Leo, then why should I not love all animals?
Imagine if it was acceptable to eat dogs. Leo would be put in a tiny cage, he would be living in his own faeces. He would be fed food pumped full of medicine and growth hormornes until he was fat enough for people to eat him. Before being eaten, he may have been skinned alive so that the fur industry could have his glossy coat without any damages to it. One certainly wouldn't want bullet holes or blood stains tarnishing the pelt. Leo would then be hung upside down, and split down his tummy, all of his blood pouring onto the floor of the slaughterhouse. Off Leo goes to the butcher, where he is cut in to sections and ready to be sold. Who wants the liver? How about a leg of Leo? More of a breast man are we, sir?
Writing the above has made me feel a bit sick. But since becoming a vegetarian, I can no longer look at meat and see food. Instead, I see the life and death cycle of the animal. Cows may not give paw, but they are still living breathing creatures. Watching lambs frolicking on a field is just as heart-warming as cuddling Leo. 850 million animals and hundreds of millions of fish are slaughtered in the UK alone. Some people might feel that comparing a puppy to a cow is wrong, that there is no comparison. But, they are all animals. And I do not want to eat any of them.
This issue of course leads to other horrors that people subject animals too. During the course of the week I will also look at animal testing and the role animals play in the clothing industry.
With animal love,
The sentimental asparagus and Leo.


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Arizona Considers Anti-Gay Bill and Other News You Need to Know
Welcome to this morning's edition of "First To Know," a series in which we keep you updated on what's happening in the world. Here are the stories we're reading today.
After Arizona's legislature passed a bill allowing business owners to deny service to LGBT customers on the grounds of religious beliefs, the decision rests in the hands of Arizona Governor Jan Brewer. If approved, the state could face litigation and boycott that could put a dent in Arizona's economy and tourism.
The Bitcoin community is distancing itself after nearly 750,000 Bitcoins were stolen from Bitcoin exchange site Mt. Gox. In a joint statement on Bitcoin site Coinbase, the Bitcoin community condemned Mt. Gox and assured users Mt. Gox's actions did not reflect the entire Bitcoin community. The CEOs of Coinbase, Kraken, Bitstamp, BTC China, Blockchain and Circle all signed the statement.
Ukraine faces governmental uncertainty after booting former president Viktor Yanukovych. The New York Times reports Ukraine's Parliament originally said it would have a new government in place on Tuesday, but Speaker Oleksandr Turchynov has since announced "that the new administration would not be in place before Thursday."
Say hello to the Samsung Galaxy S5. The new smarthphone has a 5.1-inch full HD screen, 2.5GHz quad-core Snapdragon processor, 2GB of RAM and a 16 megapixel camera. The phone is dust- and water-resistant, monitors your heart rate and sports a fingerprint scanner in the home button.
The ReSound LiNX is the world's first Apple-certified hearing aid, and the company says it's the world's smartest hearing aid, too. The device works as both a hearing aid and wireless headphones. It also pairs with your iPhone and can be adjusted through the companion app.
Read more: http://mashable.com/2014/02/25/arizona-lgbt-bill/


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21" L x 11" W x 13.5" H
Inside Lining
Long & Easy to Carry Handles
Inside Zipper Pocket
6 Inside Open Pockets
Your monogram is included!
Unfortunately, once an item has been monogrammed it cannot be returned unless the item is defective.
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Please Enter a Valid Zip or Postal Code


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Spotlight Talk: Buddha Shakyamuni Seated in Meditation
December 26, 2017
Meet in Gallery 100
Free with museum admission
Join us for a special 30-minute look at a treasured artwork in the Art Institute's collection.
To request an accessibility accommodation for an Art Institute program, please call (312) 443-3680 or send an e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com as far in advance as possible.
Please see the museum's Accessibility page for more information.


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Burnham Garage Ltd | Vauxhall Maidenhead
Burnham Garage Ltd is an offically franchised Vauxhall dealership in Maidenhead, offering you a high quality service from the motoring industry. Weather you need a service or MOT for your Vauxhall or looking to buy a New/Used Vauxhall, why not give Burnham Garage Ltd a call today for more information.
Branch Address:
Burnham Garage Ltd
Unit 2 Clivement Road
Cordwallis Estate
Contact Details:
Tel: 01628 688050
Fax: 01753 744845
Burnham Garage Ltd
Unit 2 Clivement Road
Cordwallis Estate
Contact Details:
Tel: 01628 688050
Fax: 01753 744845
If youre looking for a Vauxhall Dealer in Maidenhead just remember Burnham Garage Ltd!
- Quality new and used cars from a reputable Vauxhall dealership in Maidenhead.
- Regular vehicle servicing and maintenance is essential for keeping your car running efficiently and safely, so get your car serviced in Maidenhead with Burnham Garage Ltd.
- Professional and helpful advice from your Maidenhead Vauxhall dealership.
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Head, Cornwall
Closing date:
Start date: September 2018 or as soon as possible thereafter
Contract type: Full Time
Contract term: Permanent
Appointment of Head
The post is offered with an attractive package for the right candidate
An exciting opportunity for a dynamic and inspirational leader for a well established girls' school near the heart of the county of Cornwall.
Truro High School is Cornwall's only single-sex school and is ranked number one in the county for A Levels and GCSEs in the Sunday Times Schools Guide 2018. With a growing roll of 335 pupils, including 45 boarders, the School brings Preparatory and Senior girls, aged 4-18, together on a green site overlooking the centre of Truro, Cornwall's historic and beautiful Cathedral City.
Following the appointment of Dr Glenn Moodie to an international headship in Malaysia, the School is looking for a motivated and forward-thinking individual who recognises the benefits of girls only education and will reinforce the School's belief that 'happy girls achieve'.
The School's excellent reputation arises from its balanced focus on both academic achievement and co-curricular development, and it is renowned for having a 'family feel' in a twenty-four hour boarding environment in which girls are supported and recognised as individuals.
The pursuit of academic excellence is important at Truro High, as is the enrichment that girls experience through other aspects of their school career, and the Governors wish to maintain this equilibrium. This is important in a county steeped in a history of enterprise and invention and which is now a thriving centre for business innovation as well as offering unrivalled opportunities for leisure and a busy cultural life.
The School actively maintains its cathedral foundation and as a member of the Methodist Independent Schools Trust (MIST), the School is able to benefit from the knowledge, support and expertise of MIST's Trustees and executive officers. There are also regular opportunities for Heads, Bursars, Chairs and others in MIST member schools to share ideas and experiences in a strong and supportive environment.
This is an exciting opportunity for a candidate with proven experience at senior leadership level to make a mark on a progressive school with tremendous vision and ambition. The successful candidate will value and support the Christian ethos of the School and will enjoy seeking imaginative solutions with the character and personality to inspire, and be inspired.
Saxton Bampfylde Ltd is acting as an employment agency advisor to Truro High School for this appointment. For further information about the role, including details about how to apply, please visit www.saxbam.com/appointments using reference CAFXB. Alternatively email email@example.com or telephone 020 7227 0880 (during office hours). Applications should be received by noon on Monday 5 March 2018.
Truro High School has a responsibility for and commitment to safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children. Successful applicants will be subject to various employment checks including a DBS check.
Truro High School aims to be an equal opportunities employer and positively encourages applications from suitably qualified and eligible candidates regardless of sex, race, disability, age, sexual orientation, gender reassignment, religion or belief, marital status, or pregnancy and maternity.
Truro High School is an independent girls' school with around 350 pupils from the ages of 2-18, serving the local community in Truro, Cornwall, and well beyond. It takes pupils on a day, boarding or flexi-boarding basis, and runs a prep School, senio...
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Hillary Clinton, at one time in her life, sought to do "all we can to strengthen traditional marriages," according to a recently republished 1996 interview she had with the San Francisco Chronicle — which was then called the San Francisco Examiner.
The Chronicle reprinted the interview in its entirety on their site Tuesday. In her interview back then as first lady, Clinton was to visit San Francisco shortly after the city began endorsing wedding ceremonies for gay couples, notes the Chronicle. The article states, "Hillary Rodham Clinton says that 'children are better off if they have a mother and a father.'"
Her words in 1996 are a departure from the ones she uttered at a CNN town hall on Tuesday, when she said, "I evolved over time and I'm very, very proud to state that I'm a full supporter of marriage equality right now."
Recently, questions have surfaced surrounding Clinton's "evolved" purview of gay marriage as to whether the shift in her sentiments on the issue has anything to do with political expediency. Clinton is presumed to be eyeing the presidency come 2016.
This question was put to her just a few days before Tuesday's town hall, when Clinton appeared on NPR's "Fresh Air." Seemingly exasperated, she snapped at host Terry Gross during a testy back-and-forth between the two about her reasons for changing her position on same-sex unions.
Clinton insisted she did not change her mind due to political reasons and that "I did not grow up even imagining gay marriage and I don't think you did either… This was an incredible new and important idea that people on the front lines of the gay rights movement began to talk about, and slowly, but surely, convinced others about the rightness of that position. When I was ready to say what I said, I said it."
The '96 article mentions she acknowledged that "there are people who are able to fulfill the functions of child rearing who don't fit into the traditional pattern." She also noted that "Whether they are grandparents or neighbors or unrelated to a child – we have to look to see what is best for the child."
In an interview last week with the New York Times, Clinton announced that the Holy Bible is the book that made her who she is today. "At the risk of appearing predictable, the Bible was and remains the biggest influence on my thinking," Clinton said. "I was raised reading it, memorizing passages from it, and being guided by it."


text: Dorothy Oja – MindWorks is a career professional astrologer and certified ISAR C.A.P., studies spanning four decades. She offers consultations and specializes in Timing research (surgery, weddings, business openings, etc.), Relationship Charts (Davison), Children's Profiles. She is an active writer, teacher, and lecturer. Her newsmagazine, PlanetWeather (19 years) includes mundane analysis of people/events and planetary configurations. Daily blog: FB:Planetweathernews. Dorothy has a book in progress on the Davison Relationship Chart. She is Faculty for The International Academy of Astrology online, teaching 9-week courses on Relationship Astrology and Ethics & Professionalism. Author of computer reports: Compatibility & Conflict for Romantic Relationships and Friendship and Business, (Cosmic Patterns Software). Her first book is: Planetary Resonance, Everything Leaves a Trace (2012). Community service: Former Board member of AFAN and Chair of its Legal Information Committee. Served on the ISAR Board, for 16 yrs. as director, trainer and developer of its Ethics Awareness Training Program and Ethics Mediation. Her newest project TheRelationshipClub (also FB page) engages speakers from the astrological community to present their work and discuss various perspectives on the astrology of relationship.


text:
Follow my adventures in Mommyhood, as I seek out info and offer help to those who want to be Greener Mommies. I will discuss breastfeeding, midwives, attachment parenting, renewable and sustainable living, composting, cloth diapering, organic gardening, organic baby products, making your own baby food, and other green things. I am not an expert just a Mom exploring things as I go.
Friday, July 22, 2011
Backyard Edibles 5: Wood Sorrel
Posted by Green Mommy at 9:51 PM
Labels: backyard edibles, black caps, black raspberries, gardening, green mommy, green tip, herbal medicine, herblore, organic, organic products, wood sorrel
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|Program Dates:
|Varies by course
|Varies by course
|Eligible Students:
|Entering grades 11-12 (all courses & worksjops)
Entering grade 10 (Studio Art courses & wordkshops)
|Tufts Credit (audit option available)
|Commuter only
|Program Fee:
|per course rate
** Meal plans are seperate
|Financial Aid:
|Available, click to learn more
|Applications Open:
|December 1st, 2017
|Applications Close:
|Application Requirements (core):
|Academic transcript and history
1 letter of recommendation
Course preferences
Commuter Travel Waiver
Optional: standardized test scores
Program fee includes:
Tuition, use of select campus facilities, excursions and daily activities as a part of the specific course in which you enrolled.
Not Included:
Room, meal plan, supervision during free time, airfare/transportation to and from home city or to and from campus, courses and activities shown to have an extra fee, laundry, spending money, souvenirs, meals eaten away from program, airport transfers outside of specified windows, trip cancellation insurance, medical insurance, medical and dental expenses.
This program is not related to Tufts University Undergraduate Admissions. Participation in this program does not result in admission to a Tufts University degree program.
Want to take a class or two and get a taste of what it is like to study at Tufts University? Open only to students who can commute to Tufts, this program allows motivated high school students to enroll in up to two Tufts Undergraduate courses or college-level courses designed specifically for high school students. Students can also choose to enroll in Studio Art Workshops or in one of our capstone College Prep Workshops. This program is flexible allowing you to take only the classes you need to meet your summer study objectives.
Join us for your summer studies and share the Tufts experience!
Want to enroll in this program as a residential student? Learn more.
Summer Session for High Schoolers is all about rigorous academics on your schedule. Take up to two courses and / or enroll in any of our Studio Art or College Prep Workshops. Students are responsible for getting themselves to class or workshops each day and for managing their time while on campus. Meal plans are available (optional and not included) for students on the Medford / Somerville campus.
Students are placed into courses based on their preferences until the course is full. Pre-College Counselors will be in-touch with students as their course list is finalized.
Below we have described the types of courses available to our high school students through this program. Students can choose to take classes from one category or mix and match across categories.
Tufts offers courses for every student! Students may choose from 25+ courses offered in 15+ departments. Students can choose to take up to two courses at a time, picked from a selection of Undergraduate courses (in which students will be mixed with real Tufts Undergraduates). Courses may be taken for Tufts credit or on an audit (not for credit) basis. All courses are open to students entering grades 11-12. Studio Art courses are open to students entering grade 10.
Courses are offered throughout June, July, and August on weekdays in Morning, Afternoon, and Evening blocks. Courses may take place on the Medford Campus only. Please check the Summer 2018 course list for details.
Tufts Pre-College Courses are college-level courses designed specifically for high school students. These courses are each offered over 6 weeks (July 3rd - August 10th 2018) and can be taken for credit or audit. Tufts Pre-College Courses have been the highlight of many high school students' summers for more than a decade. Choose from among our five hallmark courses and workshops:
All courses are open to students entering grades 11-12. Students registering for these pre-college courses have the opportunity to sign-up for "College Prep Freebies" on topics like Admissions Essay Writing and Standardized Test Prep. See a list of our workshops here.
Studio Art Workshops are offered at various times throughout the week and typically are much shorter in duration than a regular Tufts course. These workshops are open to students in grades 10-12 and are typically taught by School of the Museum of Fine Art faculty. Although they do not offer credit, students register for and attend workshops like any other course.
We endeavor to make every moment of the student experience at Tufts memorable for our students. Every piece of the student life experience, from our dining halls to our athletic facilities to our orientation is designed to inform and enable students to have a healthy, fulfilling, and safe summer.
Want to enroll in this program as a residential student? Learn more.
More information about 'orientation' opportunities for Summer Session students is forthcoming.
Students are always welcome to visit Tufts Student Services in Dowling Hall with any questions or concerns.
A meal plan is not included for any courses or workshops, with the exception of College Prep 101. Students may choose to purchase a meal plan for the Dewick-MacPhie Dining Center where Tufts' Pre-College Residential students will be eating.
Dewick-MacPhie provides a wide variety of menu choices, including vegetarian, vegan and an organic salad bar. Please see our Dining Services page for more details.
Students will have full access to the university's facilities including the libraries, computer lab and student center. Students will also have full access to Tufts' Steve Tisch Sports and Fitness center, featuring racquet courts, a swimming pool and cardio and weight-training equipment.
The procedure for Health & Wellness access depends on the campus of the course a student is taking. Please visit this page for more information or contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
In a medical emergency, students should immediately contact Tufts University Police at (617) 627-6911.
Tufts campus is considered very safe among U.S. college campuses. Although crime on campus is unusual, we do have an open campus in a major metropolitan area and we expect our students to exercise good judgement and responsibility as they navigate the campus. Tufts University maintains its own police department, on the job 24 hours a day, if an emergency arises. Tufts campus is equipped with an emergency blue light phone system.
For more information, please visit our Campus Safety page.
Please see the policies section of this website for a complete list of applicable policies, including the following:
A recent Bundesgymnasium graduate, Matthias decided to leave his home in Austria for six weeks and spend part of his summer studying international relations and economics at Tufts. He thought the summer before completing his zivildienst (year of public service) was the perfect time to try something new. Matthias saw the advantages of international study at a great American university before entering his "gap" year, and he knew that Tufts University had the summer courses he needed and could transfer to his home university, when the time comes.