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Please review the attached website to fully understand the recent changes to the PRS Bands:
Category Archives: Ham Radio
Ham Radio
FCC Closing Some Field Offices
The Federal Communication Commission is confirming to Radio World that it
will begin closing field offices in January 2017. Offices in Anchorage,
Alaska, Buffalo, N.Y., Detroit, Houston, Kansas City, Mo., Norfolk, Va.,
Philadelphia, San Diego, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Seattle, and Tampa, Fla.,
will be closed as part of the agency's modernization plan.
The FCC announced in July 2015 it was closing the offices and trimming up
to 44 positions to better reflect technological advances and in the face of
budget reductions. The modernization plan creates rapid response teams to
handle special enforcement issues. The FCC says the so-called Tiger Teams,
based out of Columbia, Md., and Denver, will be dispatched within 24 hours
of an interference crisis.
The restructuring plan has the National Association of Broadcasters and
the Society of Broadcast Engineers worried that the cuts in the field will
limit the FCC's ability to mitigate interference complaints and leave
potential holes in the enforcement fence.
Before the plan could be implemented the FCC had to reach an agreement
over the projected job losses with the union representing FCC Enforcement
Bureau field employees. The National Treasury Employees Union has been a
vocal critic of the overhaul plan, openly questioning the commission's
ability to safeguard radio spectrum going forward. An FCC spokesperson
confirmed on Thursday that the displaced FCC agents will have the
opportunity to apply for vacancies in the remaining field offices if a
vacancy exists.
FCC field offices will remain open in Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Columbia,
Md., Dallas, Denver, Honolulu, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York,
Portland, Ore., and San Francisco.
Docket RM-11708 – Amendment of Part 97 of the Commissions Amateur Radio Service Rules.
Regarding the filling of comments opposing RM-11708
This is a response to comments sent from one of our members. Make sure you send your comments to both email address.
The FCC is about to make this officially law, but is taking last ditch comments from now (up until October 5th or so) and then during a one month "Reply to Comments" phase. this is our LAST CHANCE to really get the base of CW/RTTY users to write in to ARRL and FCC officials to modify this law…. NPRM RM 11708 cannot be repelled at this point, only modified, unless a miracle occurs and ARRL recinds it – not likely unless tens of thousands of us write to ARRL officials while also filing comments.
Here is what RM 11708 will enable, if it is passed into law as the FCC is proposing in its NPRM 11708 published on July 28, 2016. Note the FCC ignored ARRL's request for a 2.8 kHz bandwidth to replace the 300 baud limit, and instead is proposing an **unlimited** bandwidth limit with no baud rate limit. Unfortunately, neither the ARRL or FCC have recognized the resulting interference that will occur to the narrowband CW and RTTY users, and have never once considered a 200 Hz bandwidth emission limit on the lower 50 kHz and 500 Hz emission bandwidth limit on the lower 100 kHz of every HF band (That is what is needed for protection, and we must write in by the tens of thousands!!! To ARRL and to FCC! See footnote 37in their July NPRM, very short shrift given to this argument!). Here is what will happen if CW/RTTY apathy continues:
1. SSB and other voice operations will be freely allowed in all the CW/Data/RTTY segments of HF with unlimited bandwidth, as long as the signals are digitized into data first. This NPRM opens up digitized voice to the CW/RTTY lower end HF bands — digitized voice using 12.5khz c4fm stations will be allowed, since the FCC has not proposed a bandwidth limitation. And this is not a conspiracy theory, its real.
2. If the rule passes without any bandwidth limit, or with the ARRL's suggested 2.8 kHz bandwidth limit on the low end, Pactor 4 will be permitted and conversations will be encrypted as part of the protocol. And if there were to be a way to listen in, it's going to require a the purchase of a Pactor 4 modem which is not cheap. Meaning you have no ability to identify the call sign of a station short of engaging in a Pactor 4 based conversation. No way for OO's to find offending station since no CW id is needed.
3. A lot of the Automatic Data stations (the auto repeaters that are already causing great QRM) are tied in with the watercraft and boating crowd. Which means the stations would ring the coastline using new data services in the CW/Data part of the band to log into Facebook, check weather, and make dinner reservations. So unless you are beaming north, you are going to be pointing toward one of those stations.
4. At about 2.4 Khz per station for Pactor 4, and with MANY more stations active (the P4 speeds make email via HF a lot faster and less painful, which will drive more users after this NPRM is legalized), it won't take much to swamp all the traditional RTTY segment. That pushes the RTTY guys down into the top of the CW segment. And not to even mention digitized voice signals that will be allowed there, too!
No matter how you slice it, even with voluntary band plans, this means trouble for the RTTY operators right up front, and more congestion for the CW bands as a result. Of course, the SSB guys successfully defeated essentially the same proposal 10 years ago (ARRL TRIED TO PASS RM 11306 in 2005, but rescinded it in 2007 because the SSB operators made enough noise to get the ARRL to pull it from the FCC consideration—Check out RM 11306 and — CW and RTTY apathy has failed to make enough noise, and now this is about to become law). It has gone too far, and CW/RTTY people have not been heard, and this is about to remove the enjoyment of our bands forever! Please get active. This is real. Please don't take this lightly and do nothing, please get your CW/RTTY friends engaged. Read the NPRM! See Footnote 37. See what the FCC is about to sign into law. You only have 2 months to move the ARRL and the FCC to modify this rule.
Lets give Pactor 4 and Winlink its due at 100 kHz and above from the low end of HF, but lets also preserve the lowest 50 kHz for CW and lowest 100 kHz for RTTY by urgently requesting bandwidth limits that preserve CW and RTTY.
Tell your ARRL official and write in to the FCC about the need to have narrow bandwidth protection in the low end of HF if they remove the 300 baud rate — we need tens of thousands of thoughtful responses! I am copying Brennen Price, ARRL's CTO and PVRC member, here. And I hope you and others will similarly write him and all ARRL officials while you submit your short, focused comment to the FCC on RM 11708 and WT 16239 to seek interference protection on the low part of HF, as well.
Amateur Radio Code
The Radio Amateur is …
CONSIDERATE… never knowingly operates in such a way as to lessen the pleasure of others.
LOYAL… offers loyalty, encouragement, and support to other amateurs, local clubs, and the American Radio Relay League, through which Amateur Radio in the United States is represented nationally and internationally.
PROGRESSIVE… with knowledge abreast of science, a well-built and efficient station and operation above reproach.
FRIENDLY… slow and patient operating when requested; friendly advice and counsel to the beginner; kindly assistance, cooperation and consideration for the interest of others. These are the hallmarks of the amateur service.
BALANCED… radio is an avocation, never interfering with duties owed to family, job, school or community.
PATRIOTIC… station and skill always ready for service to country and community.
— The original Amateur's Code was written by Paul M. Segal, W9EEA, in 1928.
Amateur Radio Parity Act
New – Consensus on Bill Language – June 2016
ARRL and the Community Associations Institute (CAI) — the national association of homeowners associations (HOAs) — have reached consensus on provisions of the Amateur Radio Parity Act, H.R. 1301. ARRL and CAI have worked intensively since February to reach agreement on substitute language for the bill in an effort to move it through the US House Energy and Commerce Committee. Read the complete story here.
The full text of the substitute bill is here.
<<< Important Update From ARRL >>>
Subject: ARRL Urgently Requests the help of Members in Florida To Support of the Amateur Radio Parity Act
To All Our ARRL Members in Florida –
I am writing to you today because we are at a critical juncture in our efforts to obtain passage of The Amateur Radio Parity Act in the U.S. Senate (S.1685).
Senator Bill Nelson (D-FL), is not yet supporting the legislation despite the recent agreement between ARRL and the Community Associations Institute (CAI). This agreement is supported by all parties to the issue and leaves no visible opposition to the bill. However, Senator Nelson's support is critical to the success of our efforts.
You are one of well over 40,000 licensed Amateur Radio Operators living in Florida. Many of you already live in deed-restricted communities, and that number grows daily.
If you would like to have the opportunity to have an effective outdoor antenna but are not currently allowed to do so, or you already have outdoor antennas and want to support your fellow hams, then we need you to reach out to Senator Nelson TODAY! Right away.
Please go to this linked website and follow the prompts. The link will provide you with a letter that you can send to Senator Nelson.
Thank you.
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Rick Roderick, K5UR
ARRL – The national association for Amateur Radio™


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Plans, organizes, or directs medically prescribed music therapy activities designed to positively influence patients' psychological or behavioral status.
This career is part of the Health Science cluster Therapeutic Services pathway.
Dig into the details and check
out what people in this job
have to say about their work.
People who do this job report that:
Working in this career involves (physical activities):

subset: commoncrawl


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Please white-list or disable AboveTopSecret.com in your ad-blocking tool.
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Originally posted by stereologist
reply to post by Char-Lee
The possibility of something that passes us on a regular route and perturbs our planetary system is not a stupid idea.
Not stupid, but not possible. Celestial mechanics has shown that you cannot have a planet with a highly eccentric orbit that has a regular orbit. The problem is that there is a transfer of momentum as the planet swings by the Sun. That causes the orbit to be irregular.
Also we must keep in mind all the experts out there regularly caught by surprise when an object skims by our planet or sun and they were unaware that it was incoming.
There are small objects such as comets. No scientists are surprised to see a new comet. Smaller rocks whizzing by our planet is normal.
All those who get scared and all those who regularly yell Fear Mongering, make the information impossible to be shared since clearly the herd needs to be kept from stampeding!
That's false. If there were a planet sized object we'd detect it long before it came close. The reason people say don't worry about an incoming planet is simple - it isn't there.
Originally posted by Human_Alien
reply to post by Argyll
I believe there is.
And to every piece that you research saying it isn't real, I'll show you a paper/study showing it is. So it all depends where you shop for your information!
I am NOT going by NASA or anything circa 2000 or later.
This world works on agendas now. So I am going back in time when agendas were hardly a concern let alone, a word!
Robert Harrington comes to mind and he was modern. 1989 I do believe.
Say, what's 'lurking at the outer edges of our solar system' then? Oh never mind. I forgot where you do your shopping.
Thanks for your opinion just the same. I think you're wrong but thanks!
Originally posted by stereologist
reply to post by Char-Lee
Why would we KNOW any new planet would NEVER enter the orbits of known planets? There are long term bodies previously unknown surely they can come in any size. it could explain the rubble which may be destroyed planet or planets in our neighborhood.
Celestial mechanics makes it impossible for a planet to have a regular orbit that is highly eccentric.
What rubble are you talking about?
Originally posted by JiggyPotamus
First of all, it cannot even be agreed upon whether Planet X is a planet or a star. I think most people thought it was a planet, but since many stars in the galaxy have companions, people started saying it was a companion to our sun. Both of these would cause deviations in the orbits of all bodies in our solar system to some degree, and we don't see those deviations.
Originally posted by fleabit
It's just hilarious, to me.
To have someone actually try to convince everyone that a nebula that was discovered in 1785 is actually a killer planet.. and people BUY IT.. boggles my mind beyond belief. If you knew jack squat about astronomy, you'd know full well that yes, this is a nebula. Inverting colors back and forth, changing brightness and all the rest doesn't make it a killer planet, I'm sorry to tell you.
....... believe it a rogue star like (I believe) Jupiter actually is.
.......... It's a planet and a star. Just like (I believe) Jupiter is.
No one knows jack squat about astronomy.


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A tanning lamp can be a single lamp just like the lamp you uses in rooms to emit UV light. It used for tanning bed and also emits UV light. These tanning bed bulbs emit UV light to evoke the melanin pigment production which is done by melanocyte cells. Melanin is dark pigment responsible for tanning skin when exposed to sunlight. It is also the pigment present as to why some people have hair, skin and iris of the eye in dark colors. People with high melanin are known to be dark and people who have less are the whites. Using this tanning bed bulbs it will only take you 5 minutes or so to get the desired tan you wanted unlike a 2 hours of sunlight exposure. This is the main reason as to why these lamps are made popular.
How This Works?
Inside a tanning bed is a tanning bulb that emits ultraviolet rays so as to keep you tan. It contains special ingredients like inert gases, phosphorus coatings and a little bit of mercury. As the mercury losses it stability as electricity is added to the lamps it releases energy in the form of UV rays. These UV rays are to imitate the sun's ultraviolet light causing your skin to tan and also produce Vitamin D.
Tanning bed bulbs has a physical appearance similar to long fluorescent tubes in which it contains inert gases. These gases are coated with phosphorus and mercury. As the electricity runs over the bed it will ignite the gases resulting to release of UV from mercury. The amount of UV rays that a person is exposed will depend on the thickness of the phosphorus coating. It can be manipulated to release rays, UVA or UVB and both.
How Long Tanning Bed Bulbs Last?
Some researchers have made tests to the durability and the time these lamps would last. As the researches have revealed you can use it for about 1000 to 2000 hours only. If your tanning lamps are brand new and is to be used for about 50 hours it emits the strongest UV rays. After that 50 hour consumption its stability decreases and will still decrease as you use it in some other time. You can use UV readers so as you can know exactly the time you are to replace your tanning bulbs.
If you have purchased a tanning bed bulbs online or in offline stores you should know for a fact that it is the same as the commercial lamps used by salons. As soon as you purchase one you should be taking care of that and maintain it properly so as it will last for longer time. You can see maintenance and replacement instruction in the manual provided.
When to Replace?
It is best to replace tanning bulbs all at once. They are producing strongest efficiency and effectivity when they are new. If one bulb blacks out and you are to replace that bulb it may cause uneven tanning. Try different brands of lamps that are very long lasting. You can follow the instruction given in the manual on how to replace these bulbs. As mentioned, you can use UV reader so you may know the exact life of your lamps and no need to guess when will it to be replaced.
How to Install Tanning Bulbs?
If you are to replace your tanning bulbs and have bought the right model for your tanning lamp then you can start by plugging out electricity from the lamp. The process of replacing is very simple and easy. After shutting down electricity the next thing to do is to pop out ends of the tanning lamp or bulb and then pop the ends of the replacement bulbs. Before moving to next bulb for replacement, make sure that it is secured and locked into place. If you only have one deficient bulb you should still replace all of them so as to get the even tanning procedure.
Where To Purchase Replacement Bulbs?
You can purchase tanning bed bulbs replacement into different stores which offers it. However, the wisest thing to do is purchase replacement bulbs in the store where you bought your bed. They can give you the best about the right and specific bulb for your bed. You can also have warranties if it is part of the transaction you have agreed upon.
What Are Its Other Uses?
Aside from its tanning use, it can also have other uses such as treatment for eczema, psoriasis and other skin related conditions. The heat it produces greatly heals the rashes and skin conditions. This also the reason why people are encouraged to be somewhat exposed to sun aside from the fact that it gives Vitamin D that is good for the skin.
If you are to wonder where can you find these tanning lamps and beds then you can search to different offline and online stores out there. You can look for different tanning lamps with different designs and discounts but still have one goal- to help you obtain the tan you wanted. Before making order, you should consider to make reviews first unto the product and have comparisons to different stores. You must make details about what is the materials used to make that tanning lamps so as you can be assured that all of those are of good quality. You can have discounts and request for warranties so as if the bulb blacks out or the device malfunctions on the span of warranty you can replace it. Find the best supplier and the trusted one who will give the best deal transaction to you. Use this device to treat your skin conditions if you have or wanting to tan yourselves. However, seek help if you don't know how to operate it. It is a way better that to get the side effects of the UV rays unto you skin because of guessing its function. Be wise, make your skin tan and get many benefits from it!


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Saturday, July 25, 2015 in NYC, come to Wit's End™ "Midtown Melodies" and drink Prohibition era cocktails and celebrate the Jazz Age with music from Vintage Barber & Radio Host, DJ Mike Will Cut You and LIVE hot jazz from Daria Grace and the Pre-War Ponies!
Come in your finest jazz age or vintage inspired attire to drink specialty cocktails and dance to jazz age songs in an authentic 1920s speakeasy. Our party is at Flute Midtown, 205 W. 54th Street, formerly Texas Guinan's Club Intime! Advance tickets here!
Meet our new hostess, Melody Jane. She's a songstress and burlesque star, wanted in six states for her monkeyshines and outlaw ways!Our co-sponsor is the Dorothy Parker Society, the drinking club with a book problem.
About this month's live band: The Pre-War Ponies was formed in 2007 by Daria Grace, who wanted to put to use her growing collection of sheet music and repertoire of not-quite hits from the 20s, 30s and 40s. She quickly recruited her old friend, trombonist and soprano uke player J. Walter Hawkes to be a part of the madness, and they have become the core duo of the band.
As for the band's mission:
We see no reason to re-hash standards that have already been done so beautifully so many times. We like to dig deep. You have likely heard of Cole Porter, Irving Berlin and Johnny Mercer, but you probably haven't heard some of their under-rated chestnuts like "Pardon My Southern Accent" or "Find Me A Primitive Man." We don't just stick to the famous songwriters, either. There are plenty of gems from that golden era by the likes of Fred Ahlert, Joe Young, Chas Tobias, and Eddie Jones, none of whom are exactly household names. But maybe they should be…
Visit their Facebook Page and listen to their music here.
Dress code: Jacket and tie, vintage or vintage-inspired, Jazz Age, evening wear, cocktail attire is encouraged!
Just $15 at the door! Advance tickets on sale via Ticketweb.
Table reservations are available and encouraged; telephone Flute Midtown reservation line at 212.265.5169 to reserve a table.
Doors open at 7:00 PM. Free dance lesson at 8:30 with Jeri Lynn Astra Turner-Barnes and Neal Groothuis!
Tell your friends. Visit our new Facebook Page.


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Would you like to take part in a new BBC One documentary called Wonders of the Moon?
The one hour film will celebrate the intimate connection between the moon, our planet and us. We shall explore the moon's cultural significance, from being an object of worship to the source of enduring folklore and reveal the physical power of the moon to literally shape our world, through the ebb and flow of the tides. These stories will be told through the moon's monthly cycle, following its ever changing face as it moves through from full to waning, new and waxing before becoming full once more. Do you love the moon or have a lunar story to tell?
Collaborating with the Festival of Imagineers and the Museum of the Moon, we are holding a filmed late event on Thursday 28 September and Friday 29 September between 6pm and 12 midnight at Coventry Cathedral, 1 Hill Top, Coventry, CV1 5AB and we are looking for 100 people to join us for an evening of lunar fun, art installations, talks and moon cakes.
Due to the nature of filming, we may have to stop and start festivities and there will be standing around while we reset lighting, rigging and cameras but we will provide tea, coffee and cake to keep everyone going.
PLEASE NOTE - you do not have to attend both evenings. You can come along to just one.
If you have any questions, please contact Josh Green at 07901 655 487 or firstname.lastname@example.com


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Program Mission
To prepare lecturers and young aspirants to build successful academic careers.
- The program enables students to:
- Acquire knowledge and expertise required to identify, understand and successfully tackle a key research issue in a specialized area of study in business and management.
- Exhibit rigorous analytical and research skills in formal social inquiry required to define and address a complex issue in-depth, and to disseminate knowledge in scholarly journals and other publication outlets to contribute to the theoretical and empirical literature as well as influence the theory and practice of management and public policy in Africa.
- Demonstrate expertise in a specific topic area through the design, execution, and completion of a doctoral dissertation that contributes new theoretical and empirical knowledge and practice of the field.
- Demonstrate ability to disseminate new knowledge through publications in academic and practitioner journals and other outlets by achieving a successful internationally peer-reviewed journal publication before graduation.
- Develop and demonstrate key skills in the design and delivery of educational courses through understanding of the theory and practice of teaching in business.
Admission Requirements
- Master/MPhil, MSC Degree in Management, Business and other fields
- Lecturers with teaching, research and publication experience of significant duration.
- Completed application form
- Pass interview with admission committee
- Full Resume
- 2 Passport pictures
- Application Fee
Note: Non-business Master's degree applicants – These applicants must completing business foundation program to qualify.
Duration, Time Limits and Launch Date
- Candidates with a master degree in business/ management in minimum 3 years.
- Candidates without Master Degree in Business/Management in minimum 4 years.
A student requires 66 credits to graduate. A student must take:
- 15 credits of course work in research methodology,
- 18 credits of course work in area of specialization,
- 9 credits of teaching and publishing, and
- 24 credits of dissertation.
Program Certification
Ghana Institute of Management & Public Administration (GIMPA) www.gimpa.edu.gh
Program Structure and Module Descriptions
The program is delivered in a modular format with each course completed over a number of days. The program is delivered in two stages:
Pre-dissertation stage
The objective of the pre-dissertation stage is to provide the students with the theoretical and methodological foundations and with a command of relevant qualitative and quantitative methods of research and analysis. In between the on-campus residencies, students will remain engaged through an integrative online interaction experience as well as team learning activities to complete assignments and to prepare for the next on-campus residency.
Dissertation stage consists of several doctoral seminars, research execution and final dissertation approval and defense. The objective is for the students to apply the theoretical and practical knowledge and analytic methods to the resolution of research program. Students work closely with supervisors to develop and complete the dissertation, research that contributes to the body of theoretical and empirical knowledge in the field.
MGT 900: Scientific Inquiry and Theory Development – 3 credits
What is research and how is it done? What is theory? What makes a study both practically relevant and of high-quality? This course addresses these questions through an exploration of the philosophy of science and applied scholarly research. It introduces the philosophy of scientific inquiry, common research approaches (e.g., quantitative and qualitative) and common perspectives (e.g., positivistic, interpretative, and critical). Students will learn the basic principles of theory development and testing as well as how to build a conceptual research model. The ultimate goal in this module is to prepare students to develop their minds as scholars
MGT 901: Qualitative Research I – 3 credits
Qualitative research I focus on the exploration of phenomena in their natural setting that seeks to make sense of underlying mechanisms and processes. This course compares a variety of qualitative techniques, such as case studies, ethnography, action research, grounded theory building and content analysis. Students will review contemporary and classic studies that employ quantitative methods in both theoretical and applied contexts, providing examples of how to use each approach in practice. It will also cover interviewing and observation techniques, coding semi-structured and structured interview data, and building hypotheses based on qualitative data.
MGT 902: Qualitative Research II – 3 credits
In Qualitative Research II, candidates conduct semi-structure interviews to collect data to develop a case study, through interviews and analysis using inductive coding techniques. The candidate prepares a formal research report on that project, which will be submitted to an academic research conference or journal. The final report constitutes draft of a potential conceptual model, integrating new understandings from the field interviews and literature arising from the data collection and analysis.
MGT 903: Quantitative Research – 3 credits
Quantitative research teaches students how to investigate problems through the design and execution of quantitative research as it applies to experiments, surveys and the analysis of secondary data. Students will learn to apply and evaluate these methods through examples of theoretical and applied research papers that employ quantitative methods. It develops understanding and skill in the scientific approach to research design like measurement approaches, scale construction, interview procedures, questionnaire design, assessing reliability and validity of measures. Students will learn the fundamental statistical techniques to develop and test research hypotheses, such as the t-test, correlation analysis and regression. Students will prepare data for analysis and understand how to interpret the results.
MGT 904: Advanced Quantitative Research – 3 credits
This course explores advanced concepts and topics in advanced quantitative research methods. Students will learn to select and apply statistical techniques to new problems and data. It will cover analysis of variance, multivariate regression, confirmatory factor analysis, logistic regression and where necessary other techniques such as structural equation modeling (SEM). It will also enable students to identify and address problems in real-world data sets, including: normality violations, multi-collinearity and missing data. It emphasizes the selection, application, and interpretation of statistical techniques rather than the mathematical theory that underlies them.
Specialization – 18 credits
Students can conduct research in marketing, strategy, innovation, HRM, accounting, and other areas of business management. However, consistent with the mission of NIBS of developing innovative leaders, the program has an orientation towards leadership issues in these areas. Thus, three Doctoral seminars explore the broad conceptual foundations of in leadership in governance, marketing, strategy, innovation and entrepreneurship.
MGT 905: Doctoral Seminar in Leadership and Governance – 3 credits
Examines the principal theoretical frameworks and methodological approaches researchers use to analyze the field of leadership, ethics and governance. It traces the historical development of leadership theory and examines selected streams of research to identify and analyze their contemporary issues and future research needs.
MGT 906: Doctoral Seminar in Marketing and Strategy – 3 credits
The module also examines the contemporary issues in the field of marketing from historic, academic, and professional perspectives. It develops ability to critically evaluate published research in marketing from these perspectives. It explores leading research streams in marketing and demonstrates how research on contemporary issues contributes to the theory of marketing. The module also develops a comprehensive understanding of selected topics in the foundations of strategy and leadership in the light contextual developments in Africa.
MGT 907: Doctoral Seminar in Innovation and Entrepreneurship – 3 credits
The module examines the contemporary issues in the field of innovation management and entrepreneurship from academic and professional perspectives. It develops ability to critically evaluate published research in this field from these perspectives as they apply in the African context. It explores leading research streams in innovation and entrepreneurship and demonstrates how research on contemporary issues contributes to the theory of innovation and entrepreneurship in Africa.
MGT 908: Independent Study I – 3 Credits
This module allows candidates to develop an understanding of the development of theory and new directions for theory development in his/her topic of specific interest to him/her and the supervisor. Working with their supervisors, candidates will be assigned reading and written assignments in the area of interest. The module is assessed by at least 1 written paper and oral presentation.
MGT 909: Independent Study II – 3 Credits
This module allows candidates to develop an understanding of the methodological orientations and developments in his/her topic of specific interest to him/her and the supervisor. Working with their supervisors, candidates will be assigned reading and written assignments in the area of interest. The module is assessed by at least 1 written paper and oral presentation.
MGT 910: Independent Study I – 3 Credits
This module allows candidates to develop an understanding of the leading theoretical and empirical frameworks in leading academic journal publications in his/her topic of specific interest to him/her and the supervisor. Working with their supervisors, candidates will be assigned reading and written assignments in the area of interest. The module is assessed by at least 1 written paper and oral presentation.
Dissertation – 24 credits
Type of Dissertation: The student has two options to the type of dissertation pursued: the traditional thesis or article dissertation.
Option 1: Traditional PhD Thesis
This kind of dissertation consists of a document with specific chapters and is common in the British education system. It has a 60,000 maximum word count.
Option 2: Article PhD
This kind of dissertation consists of three articles and an overarching summary. It is common in the Scandinavian systems and some major business schools in the US and continental Europe. It is usually a requirement for one or more of the articles to be published or accepted for publication prior to graduation. The dissertation consists of the Conceptual paper, Qualitative Research Report, Quantitative Research Report and an Integrative Paper that organizes the research into a coherent thesis.
Teaching and Publishing – 9 credits
MGT 911: Teaching Seminar – 3 credits
The objectives of this module are to familiarize participants with the academic culture and today's student, discover what makes truly great teachers, develop effective teaching skills and the fundamentals of course development and delivery, gain valuable insight into the student learning process and understand the implications of assurance of learning in the classroom, and how to create an effective syllabus. Other topics include effective teaching skills and the fundamentals of course development and delivery (Create an engaging and motivating learning environment and planning, organizing, and delivering course contents), the student learning process ( investigate preferred instruction methods, explore social development and information processing and teaching styles and their influences on learning). This module involves students preparing, teaching and grading a course in the specialized subject area to an undergraduate or graduate student group in a local University.
MGT 912: Publishing Seminar I – 3 credits
This module covers the publication process and provides guidance on 'how to publish' in international high quality journals. Students will be exposed to the requirements for high quality articles as enshrined by top tier journals. All students will be schooled in reviewer guidelines of these journals as well as the reasons for success and failure. Also covered is the process of preparing one's work for publication and successfully navigating the peer review process. Students will study journal selection and how to craft a response to reviewers. Each student will serve as an ad hoc reviewer for two the papers.
MGT 913: Publishing Seminar II – 3 credits
Under the supervision of a qualified faculty member, a student prepares a paper with their joint authorship and submits it to a refereed journal. The paper must include hypotheses grounded in theory and supported by empirical data. Joint authorship requires frequent communications. As primary author, the student must serve as principal investigator and complete all of the substantive work for the paper. As secondary author, the faculty member must serve as a guide and advisor to assure the student is moving in productive directions and progressing at an appropriate to journal submission. Each student will present and defend the completed journal paper during this module.
Comprehensive Examination
In addition to the assessment of each taught module, all students will sit a comprehensive examination prior to proceeding to the dissertation stage of the program. The Comprehensive Examination is intended to assure that students have mastered knowledge of their discipline before candidacy status is achieved and their dissertation work is initiated. The Comprehensive Examination is taken following the completion of all foundation, specialization, and methods courses. This course is graded using Pass with Distinction, Pass or Fail. The Examination must be successfully completed with a Pass grade prior to beginning work on Dissertation
Annual Evaluation
At the end of every year, the student is provided with a written evaluation of his/her performance by the Program Director, based on academic performance and information provided by faculty on performance in coursework, research and professional development activities.
Program Investment
Application fee: $150.00
Tuition fee: $1846.00 per module
This investment covers your tuition and affiliation fee, program management, faculty amenities, supervisor fees course materials, technical assistance, research support and program amenities such as breakfast
Early bird offer available.
Student Loan: NIBS have established an exclusive partnership with two finance companies to offer loans to program participants (who have paid their enrolment deposits). Loans are typically offered over the duration of the program, with repayment starting at the beginning of the program. Participants who are successful in obtaining loans will be supported by NIBS in the form of part- payment of the interest charged on the loan.
Faculty: Doctoral Advisory Board (DAB)
Our 30+ full-time and adjunct Professors are experienced in designing and delivering doctoral education. They share our vision of developing research-based practitioners to transform organizations in Africa and to support high-class teaching in business schools. (See www.nibs.edu.gh for list of faculty).
How to Apply
Download application and complete application and along with your CV, copies of Master Degree or professional qualification, and transcripts, two passport-size photos and application fee. Mail your application to: firstname.lastname@example.com
Hod +233 (0) 560 911 176 | email@example.com
NIBS, 7 Oleander Street, East Legon, Accra


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Instantly and over time gain results you're looking for. Increased blood flow, pleasure and sensitivity enhanced, and improvement in erectile dysfunction.
This non-surgical approach brings about improved erectile enhancement, increased blood flow, sensitivity and pleasure and sexual stamina.
Delivering lasting improvements in male sexual performance. Sometimes referred to as the P-shot or Priapus shot, the procedure stimulates growth of new blood vessels and induces collagen which leads to improved density and circulation in the tissue. Because of these lasting affects you will now see the results of enhanced size and sensitivity, better penile function and firmness.
Consultations are
always free
Ready to
How does the process work?
A small amount of blood is taken, placed in a centrifuge which separates the components of the blood in order to provide purified and concentrated platelets, growth factors, and stem cells. This platelet rich plasma is then micro-injected in the areas for desired treatment.
For penile PRP, a numbing block is applied to ensure the procedure is essentially painless. We use a very small, micro gauge to inject the PRP into the appropriate areas of the penis. PRP is already a component of your own body so it is recognized by your body and so it eliminates the risk of necrosis or other harmful side effects.
Once the PRP is micro-injected the platelets act to rejuvenate and repair tissues through a rapid increase in stem cells which cause the tissues to become healthier and renewed.
The PRP process takes approximately one hour, including preparation and recovery time. Most people are able to return to their activities or jobs right after the procedure.
The Benefits
-Safe, non-surgical procedure
-Increased ability to achieve and maintain erection
-Improved sensitivity and pleasure
-Improved issues due to Peyronie's disease
-Increased blood flow and circulation
-Enhanced firmness and fullness
-Essentially no downtime


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According to Bob Johns with the band Bluegrass Fever, the epidemic "Bluegrass Fever" has become so widespread that a song had to be written about it and he sent us a video.
Bluegrass Fever (the song) performed by Bluegrass Fever (the band) at the Chemainus Bluegrass Festival on July 16, 2011.
Bluegrass Fever is one of the most popular and busiest bluegrass bands on Vancouver Island, consisting of; Guy Langlois (upright bass and harmonies), Barrie Hemmings (banjo and vocals), Kim Turner (mandolin, fiddle and vocals), Bob Johns (guitar and vocals). The song was written and sung by Bob Johns. http://www.bluegrassfever.ca
Prescription Bluegrass treats "Bluegrass Fever" wherever it's found with Auditory Therapy consisting of 100% Pure "Prescription Bluegrass" and apparently so does the band Bluegrass Fever.
Thanks for sending the video!


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It hasn't always been easy to accept my condition; its perks and limitations. It wasn't always easy to accept that I am different. I didn't always have the courage to… Read More
Category: Uncategorized
Mental Health Matters: Let's Break The Silence Africa
As part of the run up to World Mental Health Day, Aware Africa, a Nigerian owned mental health awareness platform, ran a social media campaign – #MentalHealthMatters #LetsBreakTheSilenceAfrica – calling… Read More
Let's Just Be Who We Really Are
Shola is hearing voices and having bloody hallucinations. Her parents have completely made her feel like she is overreacting. 'Just strengthen your relationship with God and stop listening to your… Read More
I Am Suicidal, But I'm Not A Coward
I never really understood what it meant to be suicidal or have suicidal thoughts. Why and how would anyone try to end their life? It just didn't add up. Life… Read More
Can Mental Illness Ever Be Stigma Free?
Growing up, the picture I had of a mentally ill person was the man at the waste dump area dressed shabbily and picking items from the trash. That was what… Read More


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BYU Cougars Football Tickets
The BYU Cougars are an NCAA football team from Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah. Founded in 1896, the team didn't officially begin play until 1922. They have one national title and 23 conference titles to their name. BYU is an Independent team.
The Cougars team colors are BYU blue and white. Their home field is LaVell Edwards Stadium.


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Om Shakthi
Ecosia is an eco-friendly searching not like other hosting companies, which consumes more CO2 than going eco-friendly. Like Google search engine, which celebrates his 15th birthday today – Ecosia is an alternate search engine which promise to plant trees in Brazil.As an Internet user, we have to save our nature for better future – you should check out the "miniature wonderland". How amazing they are and saving trees, going eco-friendly will save our planet for everyone.
There are lots of way to save nature and technically we can shave it this way too – we are geek and internet freak. Every day mobile users as well as internet users are growing, using so much of wireless technology affects birds – you might seen some group of honey birds or sparrow will be not available when comparing with last decade !
Ecosia is becoming a green search engline, we will discuss how you can part of that in the following images guide. The more you use Ecosia, more you can save the planet. Ecosia's mission remains to make the world more sustainable place. They donate 80% of ad revenue and 100% CO2 neutral.
Use Ecosia to Plant Trees
Ecosia beleives that having huge sponsored links for search engine ads gives much revenue and they can use it in a profit way !
You can have more option as shown in the image below – make your search engine Ecosia. For devlopers and others they concept is different.
Another green search engine using technology like bing and yahoo.
This article or post is not a sponsored/premium paid post. Shared in Public Interest Only.


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30 September 2017
International Olympiad of Mathematics (iOM) is organized annually by Silver Zone Foundation in association with Mathematics Olympiad Foundation. The Registration for iOM'17 has already been started.
International Olympiad of Mathematics Important Dates
|Exam date
|9 November 2017 or 5 December 2017
|January/February 2018
|July/August 2018
|India & Other Countries
|Class/ Age
|Class 1 to12
The top rank scorers will be rewarded at every stage of the Olympiad examination. There are three levels of IMO'17 and top scorers from each level will be awarded the prize and opportunity to compete at the next level. The details of the prizes are as follow:
The registration of the students will be done by their respective schools and the level 1 and 2 of the examination will be conducted in the school. The details of International Olympiad of Mathematics (iOM'17)application Process are as follow:
Mode of Application: The applications will be made offline and need to be done by the schools. Individual applications will not be entertained for iOM'17 >> Click here to download the school application form.(will be updated soon)
Application Fee: An examination fee of Rs. 120 is to be paid by the students in order to participate in the iOM'17.
Mode of Payment: Any one of the following methods can be adopted by the schools in order to make the payment for the examination.
Completely filled application form along with demand draft should be sent to the following address by the means of Speed Post, Registered post or Courier:
B-2, Ansal Chamber II,
Bhikaji Cama Place,
New Delhi - 110066, India.
The last date of application is 30 September 2017.
The examination of iOM'17 will be conducted in 2 groups, the details related to the exam pattern and syllabuses are as follow:
The level of Examination: There will be three levels of iOM'17 examination, out of these Level 1 & 2 will be conducted in the school while the Level 3 examination will be conducted in Delhi. The detailed information is as follow:
Exam pattern: The exam will be conducted in 2 groups and the pattern of exam will be different for each group and the question paper will have15% to 20% questions from 'Mental Ability':
Syllabus and Sample papers: The syllabus of the examination is different for different classes. Depending upon the class of the applicant the syllabus and sample papers can be downloaded from here.
B-2, Ansal Chamber II,
Bhikaji Cama Place,
New Delhi - 110066, India.
E-mail: email@example.com
Phone: +91-11-26166210, 11, 12


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Although America may be more divided, more politically and ideologically polarized, than at any time in the last 50 years, on at least one issue -- the National Security Agency's surveillance of phone and internet communications -- there appears to be a near consensus of disapprobation.
Everyone distrusts the NSA and wants to see its activities curbed. Democrats and Republicans, liberals and conservatives, nerds and Luddites, all share a high level of discomfort about the federal government gaining access to their personal information stored on the servers of Google, Facebook, Yahoo and others.
But here's the question: If we object to NSA's use of our metadata -- revealing our whereabouts, relationships, preferences and more -- why is it okay for Google, Facebook et al to possess the same information? Or to put it another way: If tech companies are free to use our voluminous personal data to sell advertising, why are we so offended by NSA's use of the same information to fight terrorism?
This question is at the heart of the debate over U.S. government surveillance programs.
American tech companies have much to lose from Edward Snowden's revelations about NSA. Google, Facebook et al have thrived by convincing billions of customers (literally) that they can be trusted to protect users' privacy. Customers are told that their Internet searches and browsing histories, their use of email and cloud-based storage, and their sharing of information, photos etc. on social media, will not be compromised.
Customers believe those assurances. They do so not because they think the tech companies are a new species of corporation, different from traditional businesses in their focus on profits and growth. On the contrary, they trust Google, Facebook et al because, when it comes to privacy, they understand that their interests and the tech companies' interests are aligned.
Central to the tech companies' business models is the safeguarding of users' anonymity. Although customer information may be shared with advertisers, customers' identities are not shared (not intentionally, at least). Even subpoenas and other official demands for identifying information are resisted (when the relevant laws afford a basis for doing so). This is true of routine requests in litigation, as well as orders from the secret FISA Court, acting on petitions from NSA and the Justice Department.
The tech companies are threatened because Snowden's leaked documents confirm their worst fears that, without the companies' knowledge, NSA has had secret "back door" access to their users' emails and other information. As first reported by The Washington Post, NSA exploited unprotected gaps in communication links between data centers in Europe operated by Google, as well as others across the world owned by Yahoo. NSA had access to the full flow of user data passing unencrypted across these links.
While NSA's secret harvesting of this data was very likely legal, the revelations nonetheless were seen by tech companies as a casus belli. Google's board chairman Eric Schmidt called NSA's actions "outrageous," which is not the sort of language one often hears from top corporate execs discussing government policy. Google -- as well as Yahoo and other affected companies -- were angry and fearful because, contrary to their promises, they had failed to protect users' privacy.
The companies understood that the data breach would undermine users' trust -- so essential to their continued growth. They have been particularly concerned about the impact on foreign markets (where US legal protections are weak or inapplicable). More than half of Google's gmail subscribers reside outside the US. And virtually all of the anticipated growth in Google's and Facebook's business is projected to occur abroad.
Overseas users, the companies worry, will opt for indigenous alternatives to Google, Yahoo and Facebook, avoiding the American firms in order to steer clear of NSA snooping.
These concerns are legitimate. But the tech companies, in planning how to respond to NSA's overreaching, find themselves in the quandary discussed above. Any strategy that depends on building public support for legislation to reform NSA runs the risk of morphing into a broader measure that would also regulate the tech companies.
It's hard to imagine federal legislation that would limit NSA's access to the mountains of user data collected by Google and Facebook -- yet leave Google's and Facebook's collection, analysis and use of that same data completely intact. For the tech companies, the one thing worse than unchecked NSA spying would be unchecked regulation by the Federal Trade Commission.
In the end, the tech companies' best defense against the threat posed by NSA surveillance may lie not in politics or public policy, but in technology. Google and Facebook, with their legions of world-class engineers, should develop and deploy technical defenses that will beat NSA at its own game.
A successful defense would block NSA's secret access through the "back door," forcing the agency to announce itself and to use legal procedures, courts and lawyers instead of high-tech stealth.
This outcome may not be a complete victory, but it will allow us all to sleep better at night.
Peter Scheer, a lawyer and journalist, is executive director of the First Amendment Coalition. This article does not necessarily reflect the views of FAC's Board of Directors.