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Definition of Crossbowmen
1. Noun. (plural of crossbowman) ¹
¹ Source: wiktionary.com
Definition of Crossbowmen
1. crossbowman [n] - See also: crossbowman
Crossbowmen Pictures
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Crossbowmen Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Crossbowmen
Literary usage of Crossbowmen
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the by Charles George Herbermann (1913)
"... Notre- Dame-des-Victoires or du Sablón, Flemish Gothic, founded in 1304 by the Guild of crossbowmen; the barocco church of the Béguines (1657-76). ..."
2. History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages by Ferdinand Gregorovius, Annie Hamilton, Irving Stone (1898)
"... BOLOGNA COMES UNDER THE DOMINION OF THE CHURCH—BERNABO VISCONTI LAYS CLAIM TO THIS CITY—HUGO OF CYPRUS, SENATOR, 1361—CORPORATIONS OF THE crossbowmen ..."
3. The Beginnings of Modern Europe (1250-1450) by Ephraim Emerton (1917)
"... 115; rival of Venice, 386-392 Genoa, Treaty of, 394, 407 Genoese crossbowmen, at Courtrai, 204 ; at Crecy, 266 George of Trebizond, Renaissance scholar, ..."

subset: commoncrawl


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|Fulton County Health Department Provides Health Services to Homeless Youth Attending Fulton County Schools
|| Print |
FREE, Low-Cost School Immunizations and Health Examinations Available
ATLANTA – The Fulton County Board of Commissioners has renewed a Memorandum of Understanding between the Fulton County Department of Health and Wellness and the Fulton County School System to enable the health department to provide routine health services to homeless Fulton County students. Central to the agreement, Fulton's Health Department will offer vision, hearing and dental exams, nutritional services and immunizations to homeless students. The health department will also provide the necessary documentation of these services required for enrollment in Fulton County Schools. The renewal of this partnership will allow the health department to provide these vital services to the homeless student population estimated by Fulton County School officials to be more than 1,500 children and youth during fiscal years 2013--2016.
These services are aligned with the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11431 et seq.) that requires that homeless children and youth have equal access to the same free public education provided to other children and youth. The McKinney-Vento program was enacted by the U.S. Congress in 1987 and is administered through the U.S. Department of Education.
"Access to key health services and immunizations is essential for every student," states Fulton County Board of Commissioners Chairman John Eaves. "Fulton County is committed to ensure that youth who are homeless do not slip through the cracks. We are proud to have partnered with the school system for nearly a decade to make a difference in the lives of these special students."
Echoing Chairman Eaves' sentiment, Fulton County District Health Director Kathleen Toomey, M.D., M.P.H. adds,"Access to education is also a key social determinant that impacts public health."
Sara Blake Smith, LCSW, who serves as the homeless student liaison for Fulton County Schools says, "We view this long standing cooperative agreement as a great community service."
The Fulton County Schools Homeless Student Liaison will identify the students in need of these services and refer the students to the Fulton County Health Department. The health department then provides the services. Parents, teachers and school counselors seeking information on health services for homeless students in Fulton County can contact the Fulton County School Homeless Student Liaison by calling
470-254-0470. For more information on immunizations and other health screenings required for students to enroll in Fulton Schools, please contact the Fulton County Department of Health and Wellness at 404-613-1205 or visit www.fultoncountyga.gov/dhw-home.
Hours of operation at Fulton County's 14 Health Centers are 8:30 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. Monday through Friday.


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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Paul Querna <c...@force-elite.com>
|Re: Rethinking apr_socket_timeout_set
|Fri, 24 Jun 2005 23:35:37 GMT
Jeff Trawick wrote: >On 6/24/05, Paul Querna <email@example.com> wrote: > > > >>I would like to look at extending the timeout API, creating a new >>version that leaves a socket in its original state (blocking or >>non-blocking), but still implements the Timeouts. The SO_SNDTIMEO and >>O_RCVTIMEO socketopts can do exactly this. For platforms that do not >>support them, we can emulate it but toggling to non-blocking, and using >>apr_wait_for_io_or_timeout, just like we do now, and then reseting the >>socket to its original state. >> >> > >Why do you need a different timeout API? It either works or it >doesn't. Provide an implementation of send*/receive*/sockopt APIs >that can use SO_SNDTIMEO/O_RCVTIMEO, and enable it carefully. > > > Because some applications might rely upon the API setting a socket to blocking or non-blocking based on the timeout. It is documented to behave in this way, and changing such a major documented behavior without either an API addition or major version bump seems fishy.
|View raw message


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Siglo Rioja Reserva
Very bright ruby red with brick red hues. Vanilla and spices from the cask ageing process. Full fruity flavour on the palate, round and well balanced.
Price Per Bottle£16.99
Product Summary
- Grape VarietyTempranillo
- StyleTraditional Wines
- Year2009
- CountrySpain
- RegionRioja
- Brand41
- TypeRed Wines
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A 21 question quiz for you to test your knowledge of motor racing. Some easy, some medium, some difficult questions. Link to the answers below.
1. Only two drivers have won both the Indy 500 and the Le Mans 24 Hours. Name them both (1 point for each).
2. Only four drivers have won both the F1 World Championship and the Le Mans 24 Hours. Name all four. (1 point for each).
3. Only five drivers have won both the F1 World Championship and the Indy 500. Name all five (1 point for each).
4. Name each of the following four drivers pictured (1 point for each). Which one has won the Le Mans 24 hours? (1 point).
5. These two drivers have won eight Le Mans 24 hour victories between them. Name them (1 point for each) and the eight years that one or other or both of them won the Le Mans 24
hours (1 point for each).
6. Name these nine circuits (1 point for each).
7. Name this Frenchman on the right (1 point). During which 3 years did he participate in F1? (1 point for each) What was the highest position he achieved in a World Championship GP? (1 point)
8. Which race have all of the following drivers won? Ayrton Senna, Michael Schumacher, Ralf Schumacher, David Coulthard, Antonio Felix Da Costa, Vern Schuppan, Geoff Lees, Ricardo Patrese and Rickard Rydell. (1 point). Which four of these drivers have one it twice? (1 point for each).
9. On which circuit have all of the following drivers won the big race? Jacky Ickx, Larry Perkins, Rickard Rydell, David Brabham, John Fitzpatrick, Armin Hahne, Win Percy and Rauno Aaltonen. (1 point). Which one of them won there in a Jaguar? Which World Champion died there? (1 point).
10. Who was the last Frenchman to take part in the French GP? (1 point). Which three French drivers have won a World Championship French GP? (1 point for each).
11. Which six drivers have won the F3 race at Monte Carlo and then gone on to win the Monaco GP? (1 point for each).
12. Who won the RAC Tourist Trophy four times in three different makes of car and on two different circuits with 21 years between the first and last victory? (1 point each for the driver, the makes of car, the circuits and the years he won).
!3. Who won the International Trophy F1 race at Silverstone in a Theodore, who finished fourth in as Theodore in the Race of Champions F1 race and which two drivers scored World Championship points in a Theodore F1 car? (1 point for each).
14. Peter Warr, Michel Knight, John Surtees, James Hunt, Damon Hill, Jenson Button and Lewis Hamilton have all won which Grand Prix? (1 point). Who won this GP in 2016? (1 point).
!5. Names the three circuits that have held the World Championship F1 Grand prix of two different countries? (1 point each). Note that the European GP doesn't count as one as it is not a country.
16. Which three F3000 champions went on to win a World Championship GP?
!7. Which three F2 champions who weren't Frenchmen went on to win a World Championship GP?
18. Which three GP2 champions went on to win a World Championship GP?
19. Name all the marques that won endurance races counting for the International Championship for Makes in 1969. (1 point for each).
20. Name all of the drivers who won a World Championship GP in 1966? (1 point for each).
21. Name these seven marques of car pictured.
Maximum points are 101. Let me know if you spot any errors. Good luck. Feel free to share. To see the answers click here.


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Donald Davidson's Triangulation Argument, A Philosophical Inquiry
14. February 2018 News
2018.02.12 : View this Review Online | View Recent NDPR Reviews Robert H. Myers and Claudine Verheggen, Donald Davidson's Triangulation Argument, A Philosophical Inquiry, Routledge, 2016, 214 pp., $140.00 (hbk), ISBN 9780415710275. Reviewed by Pascal Engel, Ecole des Hautes Ètudes en Sciences Sociales Towards the end of his philosophical career, Donald Davidson put much emphasis on what he called "triangulation", the thesis that only someone who has interacted linguistically with another person and the world they share could have language and objective thought. Davidson tended to reformulate a number of his doctrines, in particular about the nature of interpretation, in terms of this triangulation argument (henceforth "TA") and drew a few striking consequences from it. First, he derived from TA an argument against skepticism: if a shared and public world is the precondition of all thought, and if belief by its very nature is veridical, then skepticism is undercut.. . .
Continue reading . . .
News source: Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews // News


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|Reviewed By
|Room Note
|Mild to Medium
|Mild to Medium
|Mild to Medium
Almond.. If you like almond try this blend. It's not a complex blend that changes throught the bowel its a synthetic almond.
Medium sweet and a solid taste that lasts throught the bowel. Nic level is low to low medium. I tried this and petersons senset breeze also almond and this one smokes better for me. The smell of the petersons is more refined but does not translate through combustion. The Rattrays is more almond and chemical almond but the flavour is more robust and comes through the pipe.
Not an all day smoke or my top shelf but like all Rattaray's tobacco it is quality and works. Worth a go if you want a good basic Aero that tastes of almond and is not sweet sweet. I never had to try to like it it was good from the start.
Not to wet and burned fine from the tin with no gloop and not a sticky mess. Dark in colour with the odd gold flecks. No tin notes to describe contents but suspect vg burley and black cavendish as the base.
Pipe Used: various briar
Age When Smoked: new
Purchased From: lands stratford upon avon
Similar Blends: Petersons sunset breeze.
3 people found this review helpful.
|Reviewed By
|Room Note
|StevieB (1673)
|Mild to Medium
|Mild to Medium
|Mild to Medium
|Very Pleasant
Rattray - Union Jack.
The first bowl of this made me think "two or three stars". It's not like I hated it, it just seemed a bit boring. But afterwards I just wanted to re-fill with it every time my bowl was empty; I think it's fair to say I like it!
The blend is more of a ribbon than a mixture. The cut is mid-sized, it's of a good moisture level, and it's equal with the two types of tobacco.
As I found the tin-note pretty strong with amaretto, I'm surprised by the calmer nature of it in the smoke; it seems slightly nutty, and subtly sweet.
I like the tobacco tastes that come through, the two work well with the extra flavouring: the nutty Kentucky goes well with the almonds from the amaretto and the Black Cavendish works wonders alongside the liqueur sweetness.
I find the nicotine below medium and the room-note great!
Highly recommended.
Pipe Used: Somali Meerschaum
Age When Smoked: 3 months
Purchased From: My Smoking Shop
2 people found this review helpful.


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Israeli forces have responded to a series of rockets launched by the Iran-backed Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) terrorist group into its sovereign territory Thursday morning, striking several locations in Syria held by forces loyal to President Bashar al-Assad.
An Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Arabic spokesperson wrote on Twitter that Israel struck 14 military targets throughout Syria in response to the rocket attacks.
ضرب جيش الدفاع في الساعات الاخيرة من خلال طائرات سلاح الجو وقوات برية ١٤ هدف للنظام السوري في وسط هضبة #الجولان السورية
— افيخاي ادرعي (@AvichayAdraee) August 20, 2015
Reports on social media state that the Syrian regime troops sustained several casualties from the bombings, but Breitbart News could not independently verify these reports.
RIGHT NOW: Additional attacks carried out in Syria, #IDF tanks are firing at #Assad targets. More casualties reported pic.twitter.com/lQXvCAiOti — Israel News Flash (@ILNewsFlash) August 20, 2015
VIDEO: Israeli jet conducts airstrike over #Syria in response to 4 rockets fired into #Israel today – @IsraelBreaking pic.twitter.com/9bmaHnwQE0
— Conflict News (@rConflictNews) August 20, 2015
The jihadi group has denied responsibility for firing the rocket salvo, saying that accusations against them are meant to draw attention away from a Palestinian hunger-striker in Israeli prison, The Times of Israel reported.
A Palestinian Islamic Jihad official who takes orders from the Iranian Quds force was responsible for ordering the rocket strikes on Israel's north, a senior IDF official told YnetNews.
The unnamed source said, "The incident was directed by Iran – Saeed Izadi, the head of the Palestinian department of the Iranian Quds Force. He directed the rocket fire today and is active in smuggling weapons from Syria to Lebanon."
"The Iranians want to heat up the front against us in the northern and southern Golan [Heights]. It's in the Syrian and Iranian interest," he added.
Israel holds Syria responsible for any attacks that come from its territory, the official clarified. He said that the IDF struck Syrian targets with tanks, artillery, and airstrikes. Syrian state-news outlets have reported that an Israeli helicopter fired several missiles at Syrian targets, as well.
"We attacked several kilometers into Syria, five or six sites with multiple targets within each site. Our attacks are much more severe this time around, in order to send a message and underscore the severity of this incident," the official said, speaking with YnetNews.


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Goals to offer essentially the most compelling biblically-primarily based content material to Christians on their walk with Jesus is your on-line destination for all areas of Christian Living – religion, family, enjoyable, and group. Thankfully, I finally got here to terms with the expertise last yr and got here to terms with it through remedy, and now that I've accepted that what happened wasn't my fault, it seems to have made a difference. I'm beginning to belief individuals more now, and working up more courage to consciously flirt with women. Final however not least, in the event you see me this 12 months, please stop and say good day.
For God so liked the world, that he gave his solely Son, that whoever believes in him mustn't perish but have everlasting life. For God did not ship his Son into the world to sentence the world, however so that the world might be saved by means of him. Teen relationship violence PDF 187KB is defined because the bodily, sexual, psychological, or emotional violence within a relationship relationship, together with stalking. It might probably happen in person or electronically and would possibly happen between a current or former dating companion. A number of completely different words are used to describe teen courting violence.
We all wish to believe we'll find the right individual to spend our lives with, and though we know deep down they can not presumably meet all our wants, we should still foster this expectation on some stage. Remember, the real path to fortunately ever after" begins with larger self-awareness and understanding, and a capability to capitalize on your own strengths while minimizing your weaknesses.
Fast relationship is the final word approach for folks to attach. What happens is there's a cocktail celebration/mixer; then we sit a man down with a different lady each 5 minutes. Then a bell rings and you move to the next particular person, then the next individual. If any two folks have a mutual curiosity for enterprise enjoyable, friendship or romance, then they write each other's title down on a card.
With that in mind you can see 911 prolonged the time money was counted twice. With this accounting nightmare one thing had to be carried out. The Federal Reserve, which had carried out an important job within the eighty's lowering the float, stepped in and handled the billions of dollars in the float till enterprise was back to normal. As successful as they had been they recognized extra was needed and in 2003 it occurred.


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The Stubai Valley is situated at an altitude of 1000 m and lies about 16 km south of the capital province, Innsbruck.
Neustift in the Stubai Valley is Tyrol´s second biggest land area.
The landscape in this high valley region is superlative and with the mighty Stubai Glacier at the end of the valley simply breathtaking.
Those looking for relaxation come here and breathe in the well-seasoned mountain air and forget their everyday life.
A flexible weekly program form the nature to culture and Tyroler´s friendly hospitality guarantee an unforgettable holiday.
The Stubai Valley can be reached from the "Brenner" highway or toll free over the "Brenner" Federal highway/street, exit "Schönberg".
Fritidsråd Stubaital
Kontakt Stubaital
Tourismusverband Stubai Tirol
Stubaitalhaus, Dorf 3, AT-6167 Neustift im Stubaital
- Telefon
- +43 (0)50 1881 0
- +43 (0)50 1881 199
- email@example.com
- Homepage
- http://www.stubai.at
Spørsmål og Bestilling av prospekt Overnattinger
Kontakt Fjellbaner
Tourismusverband Stubai Tirol
Stubaitalhaus, Dorf 3, AT 6167 Neustift im Stubaital
- Telefon
- +43 (0)50 1881 0
- Faks
- +43 (0)50 1881 199
- Epost
- firstname.lastname@example.com


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University home » Arts home » Faculty of Arts Courses » Italian Courses » ITALIAN 707 - The Italian Detective Story
Faculty of Arts
The Italian Detective Story
Please note: this is archived course information from 2012 for ITALIAN 707.
Launched in Italy as an imported genre in the late twenties, the detective story has become a phenomenon of mass culture. It has acquired a distinct Italian style with the production of novels, films, drama, television series and comic books, enjoyed by highbrow, middlebrow and lowbrow audiences. The course offers a reading of diverse texts of the genre in their socio-cultural contexts.
Availability 2012
Not taught in 2012
Coordinator(s) Dr Franco Manai
ITALIAN 707: 30.0 points


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Mike Randolph
Assistant Professor, Communication
MA, University of California, Davis
BA, University of the Pacific, California
Classes Taught
Patterns & Principles Communication
Persuasion, Power, & Social Influence
Introduction to Media Studies
Global Media & Consumer Culture
Communication Inquiry & Research
Culture & Commerce of Oregon Wine
Citizen Media
Queer Cinema
Mike Randolph is assistant professor in the Department of Communication, Media and Culture.
He received a BA in English and Communication from the University of the Pacific in Stockton, California, an MA in Rhetoric and Communication from the University of California at Davis. He did doctoral coursework in speech communication at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities campus in Minneapolis.
He has taught at the University of Arizona, U.C. Davis, the University of Minnesota and Marylhurst University.


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A life set apart for God
Your beauty ... should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God's sight. 1 Peter 3:3,4
There it was. Its radiant color set it apart from the other leaves on the forest floor. It was January, after all. Shouldn't this leaf be dried and cracked by now, like the rest, blending in with the dullness of the grayish-brown soil?
Not this one.
Instinctively, I reached down and picked it up. Incredible! It was soft, supple, and a most glorious shade of red. Who could have guessed this was the Dead of Winter?
Lord, as I seek ways to serve You in this Autumn chapter of my life, show me how to be, as unto You, like this leaf: Radiant... Vibrant ... Alive...Set apart.
Show me, too, how I can keep from becoming like the dead, brown leaves, which blend colorlessly into their surroundings:
Keep me from a joyless spirit, which Your Word tells us "dries up the bones"
Free me from any bitter spirit, which could cause certain death in relationships including Yours and mine!
Protect me from a lifeless spirit, which seeks its own, rather than investing in Your work, for Your glory."
Your Son is my example. Teach me to be more and more like Him, dearest Father, that others may see the radiance of You, in me, even in the Autumn of my life.
Especially then. "
The unfading beauty of a gentle, quiet spirit" is a sight to behold. It stands out, on the forest floor, pointing unmistakably to the glory of the Creator, and a life set apart for Him.
WHAT Was I Thinking?
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Pardon Me for Staring, But . . . !
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Autumn of My Life
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Copperhead Caper
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Everyone's Grandma
2/1/2017 5:42:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
Floppy the Rabbit
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God's Three Gardens
11/1/2016 6:34:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
Green Thumbs, or ALL Thumbs?
9/22/2016 6:45:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
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Like a Duck to Water
7/11/2016 10:25:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
Minor Players, Major Influence
6/1/2016 10:29:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
Our Father's Care
5/1/2016 10:32:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
Pussy Cat Pussy Cat ...
3/25/2016 10:40:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
The Spanish Love Ballad
2/1/2016 10:43:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
The QUITO ROSE
1/12/2016 10:49:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
Four Swell Ideas from a 115-Year-Old
9/22/2015 10:03:55 PM by: Sandi Banks
Mr. Toad's Wild Dive
9/10/2015 2:11:00 PM by: Sandi Banks
Tick Tock . . .
9/7/2014 8:11:50 PM by: Sandi Banks
Geckos Rock!
8/28/2013 by: Sandi Banks
GRANNY: 21st Century Version
7/20/2013 12:00:01 AM by: Sandi Banks
Just Pondering: brief thoughts on AGE
7/1/2013 12:00:01 AM by: Sandi Banks
Questions Anyone?
6/7/2013 12:00:01 AM by: Sandi Banks
The Unlikely Lullaby
6/1/2013 12:00:01 AM by: Sandi Banks
What Mom and Elvis Taught Me
5/28/2013 12:00:01 AM by: Sandi Banks
Bandages and Breakthroughs: Lessons from a 3-year-old
5/21/2013 12:00:01 AM by: Sandi Banks


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World Cup fan gets major modelling deal1:22
A World Cup fan has signed a serious modelling deal with L'oreal after a photo of her in the crowd went viral. Courtesy L'oreal.
WELL, this is one way to get noticed.
Axelle Despiegelaere was just a face in the crowd, watching her Belgium football team prepare to take on Russia in a Group H World Cup game two weeks ago in Brazil.
Then the 17-year-old had her photograph taken.
The photo went viral, making the rounds on Twitter and ending up in newspapers all over the world.
When Despiegelaere returned home to Belgium, she created a Facebook page, which has amassed more than 200,000 likes, many of them since June 26.
Now she has won a contract from L'Oreal, and filmed a promotional video for the cosmetics company.
The Belgians were not so lucky. After beating the US, the trendy World Cup pick got eliminated by Argentina in the quarterfinals.


text:
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Providing for the Irish dairy industry to thrive, flourish and prosper into the future.
As a co-operative organisation, our primary objective is to create shared value for the dairy industry and dairy farmers in Ireland. We work tirelessly to ensure that we remain a sustainable supply chain partner for key customers.
At Ornua, we have embedded sustainability in all elements of the business but also we have also taken steps to empower others to become more sustainable. As well as supporting local schools, charities and sports clubs, some of the initiatives and organisations we supported in 2014 include:


text:
Tuesday, March 22, 2011
I want to ride my bicycle
As a Dutch person riding through the rain on an almost daily basis I never thought I'd say this, but here it is: I miss my bicycle. As I left my wheels back in Amsterdam when I moved to the States I don't have any way to get around but by foot or by bus. Combine that with an expensive taste level and before you know it you are lusting for Bianchi's rad bicycles. I'm a total fair weather rider and definitely don't need a 'real' bicycle like this. But aren't they pretty?
Posted by Vivian at 11:07 PM
1 comment:
- MathiasMarch 23, 2011 at 10:11 AM
You should get one. Bianchi's are awesome.ReplyDelete
I got this model last fall and have been slowly upgrading it only thing left is some deep H+SON wheels now:
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


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- Fully Adjustable Torso Suspension
- 2 Fluted, Rigid Internal Aluminum Frame Stays
- Padded Hip Support
- Channeled, Air-Cooled Back Pad
- Foldout Bow And Gun Carrying Boot
- Foldout Rain CoverH20 Compatible (3-Liter)
- 21 Total Compartments And Pockets
- 3 Specialized Zip Pockets
- Expandable, Breathable Meat Compartment
- 5 Horizontal Compression Straps To Secure Load
- 4 Vertical Compression Straps To Secure Load
Be prepared for everything. The Tenzing 4000 pack is designed to equip you to take on anything you may encounter. With a series of expanding pockets and compartments arranged in a compact vertical design, you can load up all the gear required for your hunt and never miss an opportunity to take down a "shooter." This is simply the most versatile pack available. With a couple of quick adjustments, the TZ 4000 can be configured into three primary sizes, giving you all the space your hunt may need. Packed-in, it provides a generous 2,500 cubic inches. If your hunt requires more space, open the expanding side compartments for an additional 300 cubic inches. And when you haul out that monster buck, open up the central main compartment for another whopping 1,400 cubic inches.


text:
Home | FAQ | Contact
Each year, the West Boylston Water District is permitted
to withdraw an average 560,000 gallons of water per day.
Thanks to the conservation efforts of district members,
we did not exceed this allowed limit in 2008 for the
first time since 1992. Congratulations to those
that have been conserving. Unfortunately, we still
need to maintain the mandatory water restrictions to
continue to ease the burden on the system.
West Boylston Water District Board of
Commissioners has set forth
Mandatory Outdoor Water Use
to help reduce the amount of water
withdrawn from the wells.
Water is a limited resource. Please use it
wisely and cooperate with the District in our efforts.


text:
Instruments: Piano, Voice
Scoring: Piano/Vocal/Chords
Key: A Minor (Transposable)
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DPS officials made recommendations on 'right-sizing' schools in the district
DAYTON, Ohio (WKEF/WRGT) - Dayton Public Schools officials have put out their recommendations related to the plan to 'right-size' their buildings.
At a meeting Tuesday night, they said recommended that Valerie Elementary should close, meaning students would move to Meadowdale, which would effect in Fall 2018. Acting Superintendent Elizabeth Lolli said they specifically selected Valerie because the building is battling asbestos, it's currently the oldest building in the district, the HVAC systems are old and have safety issues and that it would take about $2 million to complete all the necessary repairs.
For that same fall, DPS will also begin a review of Meadowdale and Dunbar high schools, and then review the locations of high schools throughout the district to see if any schools need to be closed in the second year of the 3-year plan.
Officials also recommended moving all kindergarten students out of Rosa Parks to nearby schools, only keeping Pre-K in the building, as well as closing Ludlow Building 1 and moving the central office into Ludlow 2. They also said they are considering a 1-year plan to actively recruit for Dayton Boy's Prep in order to increase enrollment starting in the fall of this year.
For the second year of the plan, officials said they will monitor all enrollment, but specifically MHS, Dunbar and WOW to determine if closings need to be made. At that point in time, they will also begin to review Belmont as well.
The recommendation was made as Dr. Lolli presented data collected over the past few months, including feedback from parents on the process to determine which schools will close.
Valerie Elementary was the only school officials recommended immediately closing and demolishing while at the meeting.
School Board President William Harris did say that the board will not vote on the recommendation at the same meeting, but it's "more than likely" that they will vote on it at the March 20 school board meeting.


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The last box of 2013 left me with kind of tepid feelings. There was nothing that I felt particularly enthusiastic about and also nothing I found useless or inappropriate (with the exception of 2 hair/body oils in one box, prehaps).
Products in 'satisfaction level' order
1. Siquens Prevention face cream for oily skin. I've just ran out of my face cream and this one matches my skin type terfectly, so I'll gladly give it a go.
2. Yves Rocher Vanille Shimmering Shower Gel, smells nice and festive. The glitter is just a gimmick, none of it stays on the skin
3. nails inc. nail polish in Victoria. I love nails inc., but this shade is sooo dark, almost black. I don't see myself wearing it too often.
4. NUXE Huile Prodigieuse OR is a lovely body oil I'll use on New Year's Eve
5. Orofluido hair oil. Yeah, another hair oil...
6. Orientana (Polish brand) eye mask
7. See by Chloe EDP. I absolutely adore Chloe but See by Chloe is a total miss for me. I can't see the difference between this one and the turquoise water by Cavalli. I found them both equally unpleasant.


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Display Cabinets With Glass Top
The GT series of glass display cabinets and showcases are EU made to the highest quality. Each cabinet has a glass top and can be supplied with or without lighting. Upgrade lighting options include adjustable lights on a rail in a choice of standard halogen 20 W lights or energy efficient 2 W LED lights. If you want a display cabinet that looks great, will last for years and display your products at their best, you can't beat any of our EU made display cabinets.
Key Benefits and Features:
- Made in the EU to the highest quality
- 24 mm angled aluminium profile, upper profile 24 mm and lower profile 40 mm
- All round toughened safety glass
- Hinged door with cylinder lock
- Bottom melamine faced board, glass ceiling
- Adjustable shelves
- Choice of upgrades to halogen or LED lights
- Normally delivered within 2 weeks
- Completely assembled and delivered by dedicated courier (Inside 1st door, ground floor)
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About Shelving Megastore
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At Shelving Megastore you truly can spend less and display more.


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John is a Practice Lead at Mexia. He is heavily focused on ensuring exceptional client service through efficient processes and a strong team culture. John leans on his vast experience in Service Management, having worked in both infrastructure and applications managed services and having serviced clients across industry sectors and states.
John's main focus is the ITIL methodology, specifically in the intermediate capability stream, with certification in ITILv3 Operational Support and Analysis. John also has Microsoft certification that assist in supporting his service delivery knowledge with MCTS and MCSA certifications in various technologies.


text: Enjoy an exceptional dining experience with Royal caterers and private dining club, Mosimann's, in their Brasserie. This menu, created especially for the Fair takes inspiration from the tastes of the season and is accompanied by a selection of fine wines and Champagnes.You can enjoy a sumptuous light morning menu, lunch or the much-adored afternoon tea - it promises to be an exquisite experience. This year Mosimann's sumptuous lunch offers food stations where you can sample from a wide variety of starters and main courses, selecting as many plates as you wish, finishing with a choice of mini desserts and delicacies from a display wall. Mosimann's Brasserie is located on the gallery level. If you wish to dine here, there is plenty of availability, please simply turn up at the time you wish to be seated.


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Quick Reference
A dangerous addiction, mainly of adolescents, due to inhalation of volatile vapors of the solvent used to bond the adhesive glue used to assemble model airplanes. The commonly used solvent is toluene, a central nervous system depressant that in small doses causes euphoria. Addicts enhance the effect by placing the solvent in a plastic bag, and as they lose consciousness, they may asphyxiate themselves or die of toluene overdose.
Subjects: Public Health and Epidemiology.
Related content in Oxford Index
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Forum Posters (With Some SEO experience)
Budget $30-250 USD
Looking for Experience person to get links from forums
Simple Rules: No black hat link building: That is hidden text or hidden links.
1.) Tell me 5 points that make a link count towards the search engine algorithm.
2.) Post me some samples you have done with SEO forum posting
3.) Links must be in signature
4.) If links are removed, you have to replace with a new one
5.) All links *MUST* come from unique IPs across different domains
6.) Each forum contain 2 posts that you've made,
7.) budget less than $20 or $0.1 each post
8.) I am looking for 100 links on different forums for $20.
9.) If I like your job will be long term relationship
10.) Links MUST be unique, that is if there are links from that forums already, then they are NOT going to count. Will teach you how to check
11.) Must have good English written skills
12.) Forums accounts logins Ids and passwords on that MUST be
given to me upon finished the projects
13.) Only apply if you have knowledge on following areas:
A.) Weight loss/Fitness/Health
b.) Holidays, Traveling
c.) Tech gadgets, Iphones, Games, PC, Mobiles etc and
d.) Dating/personal relationship
14.) Excel report must be given at the end of the project.
Questions, send me a PM, just bid it and leave me a message as I don't read the project clarification board


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Not one to rush out and buy the latest best-seller or race to the theater the first day a book or movie is released, I'm a bit behind in reading and wowing The Hunger Games Trilogy by Suzanne Collins. But here I am, in sunny Orlando, Florida, dashing out to the local Walmart in search of the Hunger Games movie on DVD. I just spent the last 3 days floating along the lazy river of our condo-based resort devouring each page of the books, intrigued by the characters and the dilemmas they faced.
The Hunger Games, book 1, was packed back in PA. I had it on the plane, but didn't start reading it until I was poolside on Sunday. I had it completed by Sunday night. Right after dinner, while we went to Walmart for condo munchies and wine for the week, I snatched up the other two books in the trilogy.
Of the three, book 2, Catching Fire, is my favorite. like most fans of the trilogy, I loved the Katniss ~ Peeta dynamic. And book 2 delivers all the heart pounding suspense the book cover teaser intimated. I finished book 2 in a day, mostly poolside and in the water ~ much to the chagrin of my family who had hoped we'd play cards with each other for entertainment. On day 2, my sister began reading book 1.
Mockingjay, book 3, is also a VERY satisfying read, but unfortunately, after reading it there is a HUGE let down ~ that being ~ the end of the trilogy!! It was another book I finished within a day. And by then, my sister was hooked as well. Having read the books before I saw the movie was a big plus ~ as knowing what the character was thinking during certain points in the story helps when screenplays are so condensed. I'll look forward to seeing Catching Fire on the big screen next year. By day 4 of our vacation, my mom was reading The Hunger Games too. Can't say the overall writing of the novels wowed me, but the characterization and drama within the story certainly drew me in and kept me entertained through to the very last page ~ and that, is the essence of great storytelling.


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Next Vale Lottery draw on Sat 18 August at 8PM
The draw is in 0 day 19 hours 31 minutes
Parkinson's UK Aylesbury Branch is a social and support group for people with Parkinson's and their Carers.
We need your help so we can continue to offer and even expand our service!
Thank you for your support and good luck!
Mr T supported Buckingham Athletic Sports & Social Club with 2 tickets
36 hours ago
Mr K supported Buckingham Athletic Sports & Social Club with 2 tickets
36 hours ago
Mr K supported Vale Lottery Community Fund with 1 ticket
6 days ago
Mr H supported John Colet PTA with 1 ticket
11 days ago
Mrs S supported Chiltern Community Opera with 2 tickets
11 days ago
Miss S supported Bedgrove Junior School with 1 ticket
12 days ago
Feel great knowing 60% of ticket sales will go to good causes - 50% to your chosen cause and 10% to other causes in Aylesbury Vale.
That's right, unlike many other lotteries Vale Lottery tickets are only £1 per week.
Each ticket has a 1 in 50 chance to win with a top prize of £25,000!


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Candice Collyer
Straight, Solo, Outdoor, Blondes, Pornstar, Natural tits, Shaved Pussy, Slender, MILF
Disclaimer: All models were at least 18 years old when they were photographed. All galleries and links are provided by 3rd parties. We have no control over the content of these pages. We take no responsibility for the content on any website which we link to, please use your own discretion while surfing the links. Any charges through our payment processor Zombaio will read ZOMBAIO.COM on your cardholder statement for the merchant TDBAA Media Group, CY. Any transaction processed trough this site is monitored and secured by ZeroScore.com Anti Fraud Service


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Three Rivers Behavioral Health is a 122-bed treatment facility that specializes in quality behavioral health and substance abuse services for youth, adults and seniors. We offer a full continuum of care through an integrated system of inpatient, partial hospitalization and intensive outpatient programs. Conveniently located between I-20 (Exit 61) and I-26 (Exit 110) in West Columbia, SC, our team of 300+ high quality employees describe working here as " family atmosphere," "supportive leadership," and "life-changing."
Three Rivers Behavioral Health LLC seeks a Staff Psychiatrist to work in West Columbia, SC.
Benefit Highlights:
Challenging and rewarding work environment
Career development opportunities within UHS and its Subsidiaries
Competitive Compensation
Excellent Medical, Dental, Vision and Prescription Drug Plan
401(K) with company match and discounted stock plan
Generous Paid Time Off


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Raw video: Sean Payton addresses New England loss
Raw video: Sean Payton addresses New England loss
METAIRIE, La. —
Head coach looks back at a tough loss and provides the players' timelines with this week's bye.
Click here to watch video.
Related content:
Saints at Patriots Players of the Game
Beef with 'Rief: Saints fans must be sick to their stomach
Saints lose heartbreaker in New England, 30-27
Sign up for our email newsletters to get breaking news right in your inbox. Click here from your desktop computer to sign up; on our mobile website, use the drop down to the right to "Get Email Alerts."


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Illuminati MD14003057-20A CHR Eclipse LED 20 Pendant 4M Drop Chrome
0 Review(s)product code : sku - MD14003057-20A CHR
in stock
Illuminati Eclipse 20 Spiral Pendant Light With A Maximum Of 400cm Drop In Copper With Integrated Warm White Led. The Light Consists Of Globes, Which Are Half Chrome And Half Filled With Crushed Crystal. The Height Of Each Light Is Fully Adjustable.
- Have you found this item cheaper elsewhere? WE WON'T BE BEATEN ON PRICE! For any information on this or if you have any further questions about this light, call our expert customer service team on 0121 236 6999.
- We will be more than happy to assist you.
- Our lights are always delivered without bulbs unless specified. LED/energy saving options are highly recommended by us – for expert advice, please call us! In order to ensure your light fitting arrives in perfect condition, it may require some simple assembly to complete installation.
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Lately, it feels as if I'm wandering in the desert like the Israelites did: discontent & questioning God's plans for their (my) dreams.
As I pour my heart out to Him, seeking His direction & peace in the midst of my discontentment & misery, I hear Him whisper to my heart:
"This is your desert. I am leading you to the Promised Land."
Six months ago, I took a leap of faith & started walking the dream God placed on my heart: writing. During this time, I have watched Him open doors for me in ways I could never imagine. Yet my heart is restless for more. My heart longs to lay aside my current career, to solely focus on the business my husband & I run together, to do more writing & to have a baby.
I'm tired. I'm weary. My heart isn't in this place any longer & I'm ready for my dreams to unfold into what I call, "The Promised Land"
So I ask God, "Why the desert? Why the hot, dry, miserable heat of the desert? Why not the Promised Land… now?"
Philippians 4:11 comes to mind: "I am not saying this because I am in need, for I have learned to be content whatever the circumstances."
Ahh there's that word, "content"
See, the problem with the Israelites & their time in the desert was ATTITUDE.
God had delivered them from Egypt & the rule of Pharaoh & set them on a journey to the Promised Land. Their attitudes created the 40-year wait they had in the desert; not God. They grumbled. They were impatient. They were angry. They missed the familiarity of their past & as a result of their attitudes, they made decisions that affected their journey. Their attitudes extended their time in the desert & for many, it meant they never got to see the Promised Land with their own eyes. They gave up and gave in to the sins & attitudes of the world & it stole their Promised Land experience.
I don't want that! I don't want to be so consumed with complaining & grumbling my way to the Promised Land, that I forfeit my own entrance into the dreams God has for me.
I want to enjoy my journey to the Promised Land, not just get there. It's not the dream that God wants me to focus on, it's the journey with Him that matters most.
Luke 16:10 says, "If you are faithful in little things, you will be faithful in large ones."
If God has planted a dream in my heart, then before I can achieve that dream I must prove to be faithful with the journey I'm on right here & now.
If I can't be trusted with the mundane things in my life today, how I can be trusted with the beauty of a dream tomorrow?
Jesus, help me as I walk this desert valley,
to keep my eyes on You & the dreams you've planted in my heart.
Help me to be ever mindful of the blessings
you have poured into my life & to never take them for granted.
Forgive me for my grumbling, disbelief, lack of trust & impatience.
Thank you for faithfully reminding me
that you are orchestrating the tapestry of my life perfectly:
You're moving mountains & changing hearts, but mostly changing my own heart.
Draw me closer to you & birth in me a deep contentment for you alone,
So our journey together will be seasoned with joy & not grumbling.
I am so grateful for the opportunity to be part of three amazing writing communities.
Won't you join me over at the blogs of three of my sweat friends?
Holley Gerth, with Coffee for your Heart
Simply Beth, with Three Word Wednesday
Rebekah A Hughes with Words of Life Wednesday


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i9 Sports
An experience beyond the game!
i9 Sports
With a local i9 Sports office in Potomac, MD, i9 Sports offers flag football, basketball, soccer, baseball, cheerleading, lacrosse and multi-sport programs in Rockville, Silver Spring, and Olney areas.
Athletic and team sports programs area available from ages 4 to 14 throughout Winter, Spring, Summer, and Fall sports seasons. During winter season of 2013, i9 Sports is focused on basketball, indoor soccer and cheerleading. Weekend clinics, workshops, and team practice and tournaments are continuously supported by the i9 Sports coaches, who are enthusiastic, skilled athletes. They are excited to teach kids sports and sports lessons that one can only learn on the playing field of a team-based sport.
Besides life lessons learned by playing team sports, regular exercise for kids has scientifically proven benefits. Exercise can help your kid(s) feel less stressed, feel better overall (support life functions and well-being), maintain a healthy weight, build and keep healthy bones, muscles and joints, and even sleep better at night.
For the Central Montgomery area, the following schools currently participate in i9 Sports programs.
- Ashburton Elementary School
- Beall Elementary
- Bells Mill Elementary School
- College Gardens Elementary School
- Earle B. Wood Middle School
- Fallsmead Elementary School
- Luxmanor Elementary School
- Olney Elementary School
- Robert Frost Middle School
- Southeast Olney Park
- Walter Johnson High School
Contact i9 Sports today to register your child for the next game or season.


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Colleges and Universities of the Yes We Must Coalition
Click on numbered triangles on map or names below to go to members' websites
- Andrew College, Cuthbert, GA
- Augsburg University, Minneapolis, MN
- Averett University, Danville, VA
- Bacone College, Muskogee, OK
- Benedict College, Columbia, SC
- Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, FL
- Bluefield College, Bluefield, VA
- Calumet College of St. Joseph, Whiting, IN
- Chowan University, Murfreesboro, NC
- Claflin University, Orangeburg, SC
- Coker College, Hartsville, SC
- The College of New Rochelle, New Rochelle, NY
- College of Saint Elizabeth, Morristown, NJ
- College of Saint Mary, Omaha, NE
- Ferrum College, Ferrum, VA
- Finlandia University, Hancock, MI
- Guilford College, Greensboro, NC
- Heritage University, Toppenish, WA
- Holy Names University, Oakland, CA
- Huston-Tillotson University, Austin, TX
- Keuka College, Keuka Park, NY
- Martin Methodist University, Pulaski, TN
- Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, NY
- Metropolitan College of NY, New York, NY
- Mount Aloysius College, Cresson, PA
- Mount Mary University, Milwaukee, WI
- Muskingum University, New Concord, OH
- Mount Saint Mary's University, Los Angeles, CA
- Paul Quinn College, Dallas, TX
- Robert Morris University, Chicago, IL
- Thomas University, Thomasville, GA
- Trocaire College, Buffalo, NY
- Union College, Barbourville, KY
- University of the Southwest, Hobbs, NM
To learn more about becoming a Member, click here.
Associate Members
Individual Associates
John Bassett
Past President, Heritage University and Clark University
Auburn Hills, MI
Gary Bonvillian
Director Emeritus, YWMC
President Emeritus, Thomas University
Estero, FL
Jennifer L. Braaten
President Emerita, Ferrum College
Stuart, VA
Jorge Díaz-Herrera
Director Emeritus, YWMC
President Emeritus, Keuka College
Canandaigua, NY
Gary A. Dill
Past President, University of the Southwest
Alpine, TX
David J. Fike
Past President, Marygrove College
San Francisco, CA
Mary E. Hines
President Emerita, Carlow University
Timonium, MD
William Hynes
Past President, Holy Names University
Oakland, CA
Daniel Lowery
Past President and Professor, Calumet College of St. Joseph
Whiting, IN
Mary J. Meehan
President Emerita, Alverno College
Short Hills, NJ
Tom Mortenson
Higher Education Policy Analyst; Editor & Publisher, Postsecondary Education OPPORTUNITY;
Senior Scholar, The Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education
Washington, DC
Joan D. Osterweil
Houston, TX
Arthur Penn
Medford, NJ
Eileen Schwalbach
Past President, Mount Mary University
Milwaukee, WI
Vinton Thompson
Director Emeritus, YWMC
President Emeritus, Metropolitan College of New York
New York, NY
Michael Viollt
Past President, Robert Morris University;
Chancellor, Robert Morris University
Chicago, IL
I am excited about the opportunity YWM offers to collaborate with other like institutions and to have a voice in collaborations that isn't overshadowed by larger, more exclusive, less tuition-driven institutions.
Marcia Hawkins, President, Union College – KY
Organization Associates
The Dysart Group, Inc.
John W. Dysart, President
Charlotte, NC
Independent Colleges of Washington
Terri Standish-Kuon, President & CEO
Seattle, WA
National College Access Network (NCAN)
Kim Cook, Executive Director
Washington, DC
National Partnership for Educational Access (NPEA)
Karin Elliott, Executive Director
Boston, MA
The United Methodist Church
Amanda L. Allen, Director of Schools, Colleges, and Universities, Division of Higher Education, GBHEM
Nashville, TN
Wisconsin Association of Independent Colleges and Universities (WAICU)
Rolf Wegenke, President and CEO
Madison, WI
We invite those colleges, universities, non-profit organizations, and individuals who do not qualify for membership but who support the goals of the Yes We Must Coalition to join as Associate Members.
To learn more about becoming an Associate Member, click here.


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Arturo Hernández Alcázar | Ishmael Randall Weeks | Marlon de Azambuja
curated by: Iciar Sagarminaga
The exhibition En Obras is a study of the phenomenon of architecture and the consequent precariousness of the contemporary landscape. Of the human being as the builder and destroyer of its environment. Of the tensions between urbanism and nature, utopia and dystopia, and the vast diconnections that exist between them.
Through the works of three artists, the exhibit traces a path through urban topographies, real and invented, that show the poetic content within these human territories. We see clearly how architecture inspires certain formal and social concerns for the artists Arturo Hernández Alcázar (Mexico, 1978), Marlon de Azambuja (Brazil, 1978), and Ishmael Randall Weeks (Peru, 1976), and becomes a vehicle to articulate the various issues of its presence and perseverance.
From a selection of drawings, collages, sculptures, archival documentation with sound, and a site-specific installation, the artists examine the ideological marks embedded by modern architecture, and they create allegorical narratives emphasizing the elements of a civilization perpetually under construction. The pieces function as an archeological survey of the present, showing records of our artificial landscape, and from them they build new models, offering various meditations on the urban environment which we've inherited and in which we still dwell, drafting new lines over the horizon.
All the artworks in the space have been created from found objects and images, establishing new concepts with these repurposed materials and challenging the role of the human being as designer of a global identity, with all the freedoms and responsibilities that it entails. The gestures in these artisitic interventions are minimal, reinforcing the power of ideas in process to raise new possibilities for the urban landscape.
Arturo Hernández Alcázar, draws from a view of destruction and instability with the works he presents. Joining and bending recovered copper tubes, he has built an abstract mobile installation that hangs from the ceiling of the gallery.
Suspended in the air, with the mix of copper lines, their casted shadows and threads that hold them, Alcázar creates a provisional structure of containment, light and changing. The material of forces that converge and diverge, Circulación desviada e inestable (2013) exerts a moemnt of tension within the space. The energetic containment structure works as a three-dimensional drawing, recreating the veins of a conductive mechanism usually hidden and invisible.It is a
reflection on the construcutive processes of construction, contingent and precarious forces that function as permanent. Alcázar also presents Temblor de Gente (Madrid 2013), a documentation with sound of a collective action that took place in the outskirts of the Spanish captial, in which a group of persons gathered to record the seismographic measures of tremors made from stomping inside an abandoned skeletal building. An unfinished present-day recorded at the point before its metaphoric collapse. The fall of buildings, the burial of those concrete bodies that represent
a social failure, are the image that arise in seeing these records, along with a group of drawings on photographs in his collection Estados de Colapso (2013).
Alternately, Marlon de Azambuja establishes constructive narratives in order to discover distinct possibilities within historic systems of modern architecture.It is about a fictional architecture whose structural nuances feed new ideas.The sculptural installation Brutalismo (2013) invites us to relate in a surprising manner with the monolithic architecture. From an aerial view, we see a small city built from the very pieces that construct the buildings we inhabit. Different bricks and cement blocks are piled up, elevated and held together by clamps at varying heights, formulating an island of structures apparently floating. What's more, in the drawing Nuevos Barrios (2012) Azambuja uses architectural templates, old design instruments, to visualize the growth of a big cities, to drawing the surfaces in organic forms of wood, of fingerprints, offering an alternative vision, a more human adaptation.
The work of Ishmael Randall Weeks also incites ideas of returning to the drafting table, where it all begins. Similar to Alcázar, Weeks draws from various found images and repurposed materials, but he speaks more of reconstruction.
Cutting fine lines into photo-transfer collages of architectural building sites, Weeks creates new geometries, abstract drawings in his Nuevo Mundo S(2013). In them lie possible discourse of the inexhaustible nature of the human being to rethink his universe. No state maintains a permanence, and the spirit of improving upon the old models that we inherit is where we triumph as thinkers and designers of our collective destiny.
The proliferation of global systems have given rise to unprecedented urbanization, migration to growing cities, and the disproportion of the human space. Our civilizations continue to expand at an unrelenting and unreachable pace. En Obras posits a profound shift in understanding of our spatial and social landscape that we are witnessing and offers the consequent artistic viewpoints so that we may contemplate our heritage and our responsibilities within an experimental setting.
Iciar Sagarminaga
Nuevos pensamientos arquitectónicos. Makma.net
En Obras. Artishock 27.03.2013
La Galería Nuble presenta "En Obres". Bonart.cat. 22.03.2013
Tres artistas iberoamericanos presentan espacios urbanizados en la galería Nuble. infoenpunto.com. 02.04.2013
La galería Nuble de Santander presenta la exposición colectiva: En Obras. Instituto de Arte Contemporáneo 05.04.2013


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Win Lift Tickets for Two
Win two lift tickets to Breckenridge Ski Resort. Stop by our offices in Breckenridge or Frisco and buy your Parade of Homes tickets or pick up a map to enter.*
*No purchase necessary to win.
23rd Annual
Summit County Parade of Homes
Presented by Summit County Builders Association.
Proceeds from ticket sales
benefit The Summit Foundation
Enjoy tours of Summit County's luxury single-family homes.
September 23rd & 24th - 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.
September 30th & October 1st - 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Tickets are $20 for all four days.
Purchase your Summit County Parade of Homes tickets or pick up your map at Coldwell Banker Mountain Properties in Frisco or Breckenridge and register to win. The drawing will be held October 15th. You do not need to be present to win. Winners will be notified via email. Ten winners (20 tickets) in all.
137 South Main Street
Ticket Sales 9a.m. - 5p.m.
400 Main St
Ticket Sales 9a.m. - 5p.m.
Coldwell Banker Mountain Properties is the exclusive real estate Platinum Sponsor of The Summit Foundation Annual Parade of Homes. Over $35,000 in ticket sales went to The Summit Foundation from last year's 16-home tour.
Reserve Your Parade of Homes Tickets
Let us know when you're coming and we'll have your tickets ready. Simply fill out the form to the right, and select the dates you will be attending. Indicate which office you want to get them. When you pick up your tickets or a map, we'll enter you into the drawing. Pay nothing now, tickets to be purchased when you come in to our office.
For more information about the builders visit the Summit County Builders Association.


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Weber Gallagher is a regional law firm, with more than 100 lawyers and 16 civil practice areas, in nine regional offices. We provide legal counseling and representation in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States to local, national and international businesses, financial institutions and insurance companies. We represent businesses, employers and individuals in multiple areas of law.
Weber Gallagher seeks an attorney for our defense litigation group in our Philadelphia, Pa. office. Successful candidate should have three plus years of general liability experience, preferably in the fields of product and professional liability. Qualified candidate must possess excellent analytical and research abilities as well as strong written communication skills. Must be admitted to practice in Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
Please submit a cover letter, resume and short writing sample for consideration to: email@example.com. Please make sure that the date of admission for each state you are licensed is included with your application materials.
Weber Gallagher offers a friendly office environment, excellent benefits package, including 401(k) and medical.


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Join our candidate in Fountainbridge/Craighlockhart, Anne Wimberley, for campaigning from 11am on Saturday 22 April. Meet at the Margiotta on Ashley Terrace.
Don't worry if you've never done anything like this before, we will explain exactly what to do and team you up with an experienced campaigner.
- April 22, 2017 at 11am – 1pm
Margiotta on Ashley Terrace
47-50 Ashley Terrace
Edinburgh, Midlothian EH11 1RY
United Kingdom
Google map and directions
- Anne Wimberley


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Boost the Roost have teamed up with Pancreatic Cancer UK, and for every box sold 5p is donated to PCUK.
This is a cause close to the family, as we carry a gene that causes acute pancreatitis. After many painful bouts of pancreatitis we went on a quest to see if there is anything we could do to help reduce the impact and damage caused when the pancreas is under trauma.
We learnt that researchers at the University of Liverpool are running a trial that is investigating whether giving people with pancreatitis organic selenium (Antox®) and magnesium (Magnesiocard®) can reduce the oxidative damage to the cells walls around the pancreas.
It was about the same time that we came across an article in a Poultry magazine highlighting a product called Sel-Plex® (organic selenium) made by a company called Alltech, that you can add to the hens' feed. The hens then absorb the selenium and deposit it into their eggs, which means by eating the eggs we get all the benefits of selenium in our bodies.
Click to find out more about Boost the Roost free range eggs.
November is Pancreatic Cancer Awareness Month, we will be getting involved to help fundraise and raise awarness for PCUK.
SINCE NOVEMBER 2016 we have raised over £3000. which funds the pcuk support line for a week and two pcuk information days for 120 people.
To help us reach our £5000 target before the end of 2017 please buy Boost the Roost eggs or DONATE.


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Health Fitness Suggestions That Assist You Keep In Form
This five-stage scoping evaluate investigates the traits of online psychological health interventions, and the potential implications of the increasing use of e-Health programmes during restoration. In an effort to achieve low mortality ranges and improve accessibility to formal MCH care, the federal government of Kenya offers free MCH providers. Though the services are financially accessible, the federal government needs to take a position on infrastructure, high quality of care, and personnel. These investments will promote geographical accessibility to timely and quality care.
If so, be a part of a group of fun-loving, attention-grabbing people for a potluck luncheon (NOT HELD IN JUNE, JULY, or AUGUST) held the 2nd Wednesday of every month at noon in the Noffsinger Room. Sure cases of complex canker sores develop from a basic health that may be an impaired body's defence mechanism; dietary issues, like vitamin b advanced-12, zinc, vitamin M, or an iron deficiency; and digestive tube disease, like Celiac illness and Crohn's illness.
A bonus was shedding fat around the midriff and to me the most effective half was I could get pleasure from a darkish ale with my mates on a Friday night time with no repercussions!!!! The most important focus is on a lady's general health and wellness earlier than being pregnant with a purpose to have a healthy being pregnant," says Christopher Morosky, a gynaecologist at UConn Health. When you're hoping to change into pregnant for the first time or once more, make sure to visit your gynaecologist for a pre-conception visit.
He awoke in the morning, in accordance with the type of skin toner to scrub the excess oil. My mantra has been as a hospital volunteer to take the stairs. The stairs should not be reserved for an emergency. It doesn't matter what this article says, four years … Read More ...


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Protect your property from calcification.
Why choose CALC-TECH?
- Does not change the water quality, important minerals are preserved, your health is not affected.
- Reduces tough calcium deposits.
- Can be installed on any piping system.
- No need for water softeners.
- No environmental impact.
- Protection of your washing machine, dishwasher and sanitary facilities.
- No maintenance.
What is it suitable for?
- Residences
- Car Washes
- Industry
- Bakeries
- Osmotic applications
- Hotels
- Purification plants
- And many other applications
How does CALC-TECH work?
Physical water treatment
Unlike in chemical water treatment, water is not softened, no minerals are being removed, no chemicals are added, and quality and hardness remain unchanged. In untreated water, calcium carbonate molecules combine during crystallization to larger, needle-shaped, highly adhesive entities.
Treatment with CALC-TECH prevents combination of the crystals them- selves. Calcium carbonate crystallizes in its original size (<10 μm); no more needle-like structures are formed. The crystals no longer adhere to surfaces, pipes, heating coils, etc. The microscopic particles remain as a valuable component in the water. This state is stable for about 3 days, then the intensity decreases and adhesion again increases.
Existing calcium deposits have a porous surface and fine cracks, which, due to water treatment with CALC-TECH can no longer close. Water passing by increases the size of the cracks, and consequently, adhesion of the calcium deposit decreases. Vibrations and thermal changes dissolve the calcium deposit in small pieces (size of a grain of sand) which are rinsed off with water.
Water velocity varies in different piping systems.
Investigations in our laboratory have shown that the efficiency of physical water treatment systems strongly depends on the velocity of the water and the direction of flow. Through constant studies and experiments, our engineers turned this knowledge into the physical water treatment system CALC-TECH and made it a powerful water treatment system that is suitable for almost every application.
CALC-TECH electronics is equipped with two generators, a main generator for generating pulses and a VCO that varies the pulse width in such a manner that there is an appropriate pulse sequence at any given water velocity. By adjusting the settings on the front panel, CALC-TECH can adapt perfectly to individual installation and water conditions.
The pulses of the main generator together with the electromagnetic coils generate an alternating magnetic field, thereby rendering CALC-TECH effective, independent of the flow direction. The VCO varies the initial pulses, thereby preventing combination of calcium carbonate crystals even at different water velocities, and assuring optimal treatment at any given time.
Installation of CALC-TECH
For optimal protection of your entire system, CALC-TECH should be installed at the main water pipe, right behind the water meter. In very rare cases, a second instrument may be necessary (if it cannot be ascertained that water is exchanged within two days, e.g. large boiler).
comes with a CCA certificate, and thus may be used safely in all European countries and many more without additional authorization.
comes with an interference radiation certificate for for radio and TV.
is tested for performance by the State Inspectorate of the Austrian Gas and Water Association.
is patent-protected, European Patent number EP 0460248.
Protect the environment
By using CALC-TECH electronic, the environmentally friendly system, you deliberately avoid irresponsible pollution of rivers and other bodies of water. Water is much too precious to flush it down the sewer without meaningful use.


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Hardware Roundup: Tuesday, July 11, 2017, Edition
Posted: 07:56AM
Author: bp9801
Tuesday is upon us, with several items to keep you going today. We have a review of the In Win 301 Mini Tower case, a sleek and compact case that mimics the 303 design, just with something smaller. There's a look at the HP S700 500GB SSD, offering a ton of storage and fast speeds for a fairly affordable price. If you need a new way to keep your USB devices powered, perhaps the FSP Amport 62 6-port USB Charger is the one for you. We wrap up with a look at the DOOGEE Y6 Moonlight Blue Smartphone, providing a 5.5" HD display and plenty of features for a low price.
In Win 301 Mini Tower @ Benchmark Reviews
Storage/Hard Drives
HP S700 500GB SSD @ Neoseeker
FSP Amport 62 6-port USB Charger @ OCAU
DOOGEE Y6 Moonlight Blue Smartphone @ Madshrimps


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|January, 2010
|Treadwell et al.
|January, 2010
|Hill et al.
|May, 2008
|Windows remote debugger service
|August, 2006
|Nita et al.
|Mobile communication system for location aware services
|December, 2002
|Blight et al.
|Electronic permission slips for controlling access to multimedia content
|August, 2009
|Scott et al.
|Anti-virus Scanning of Partially Available Content
|November, 2008
|Holostov et al.
|System and method for remote virus scanning in wireless networks
|August, 2004
|September, 2008
|Shatzkamer et al.
|Secure communication apparatus and method for facilitating recipient and sender activity delegation
|September, 2003
|Curry et al.
|January, 2008
|Repasi et al.
This application is based upon and claims priority from prior European Patent Application No. 04 447 151.4, filed Jun. 25, 2004, the entire disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to a security device and a terminal, and a method for communication between a security device and a terminal.
Smart cards are used to improve the security of functions like payments, access control, signatures and decryption. The smart cards ensure that these functions can only be performed in the presence of a smart card because the smart cards contain one or more secrets (typically cryptographic keys) that are needed to successfully execute the functions.
To avoid the use of the smart cards by an illegitimate user, a passphrase that controls access to the smart card is used. The functions of the card are blocked as long as the passphrase is not validated by the smart card. The most commonly used passphrase for smart cards is a PIN. That PIN should be known by the cardholder only and is used by the card to verify the presence of the legitimate cardholder. The smart card has a mechanism to avoid an illegitimate user guessing the PIN. For example, after three successive incorrect PINs have been sent to the smart card, the smart card refuses to operate.
To avoid misuse of the secrets by a terminal in the absence of the card, these secrets are kept in the card and are never given to the terminal. The PIN only authorizes the terminal to use card functions that use these secrets.
When entering the PIN on the keyboard of a terminal (this can be for example a PC, an EFT POS terminal or a bank terminal), the PIN is read by the program running on the terminal and is sent to the smart card. The smart card can verify if the PIN is correct. If the PIN is accepted by the smart card, the terminal can use any smart card function (see FIG. 1). As long as the PIN is not verified, asking the smart card to perform a function will fail.
Current smart cards can contain more than one function. It is the task of the terminal to make clear to the cardholder which function of the smart card will be used. It is also possible that the terminal asks the cardholder to select the function he wants to use. For example, a multi-function smart card can implement secure functions for access control and payments. When a cardholder wants access to a website with a smart card based access control function, he enters his smart card in a PC and enters his PIN. When the same user wants to make a payment, he uses the same smart card and PIN to authorize the payment.
However, the terminal may fool the cardholder by doing something different than expected. When the cardholder enters his PIN with the assumption that the terminal will use a specific function of the smart card, the terminal might very well be using another function of the smart card and executing an operation that the user did not ask for. The cardholder may for example use his smart card and his PIN on a PC in an Internet cafe to gain access to his e-mail. However, the PC uses the smart card and the PIN to do a payment that the cardholder did not expect. This payment can even be done without informing the cardholder.
The risk of such a problem is important because the terminal does not belong to the cardholder and may be modified by whoever has access to the terminal and wants to commit fraud. A smart card however is easier to trust because it belongs to the cardholder and is designed to be difficult to modify.
A possible solution for this problem can be that each function on the smart cards has a different PIN. The user decides which function of the smart card he wants to use, and enters the PIN for this specific function. If the terminal uses the PIN with the wrong function of the smart card, the smart card will refuse it (because this function requires a different PIN). In this way a PIN is reserved to a function, and a terminal cannot use a function that the user did not authorize. For example, the cardholder wants to access his e-mail using a PC. He enters PIN "1234" because this is the PIN linked to the e-mail access authorization. The PC tries to perform a payment with the same PIN and card without approval of the cardholder, but the smart card refuses the transaction because the PIN for a payment is different. Instead of reserving a different PIN for each function, a number of functions can also share the same PIN.
A major limitation of the above-mentioned solutions is that the cardholder has to remember many different PINS. In practice, the user will be tempted to use the same PIN instead of different values for many functions. Another limitation is that it increases the possibilities for guessing a PIN. If a card has two different functions, each with a different PIN and three attempts on each PIN, the total number of PIN attempts to guess the PIN of a card becomes six instead of three.
EP-A-0 886 246 tackles more or less the same problem. It preferably makes use of a telephone line to transmit the voice signal. As opposed to the solution of the present invention, it employs an external calculator to derive voice characteristics and check with the stored voiceprint. Similarly, in the approach of Feustel et al. (U.S. Pat. No. 4,827,518) the comparison of spoken word and recorded pattern is performed on the terminal. Also in GB 2 139 389 A the card reader and the comparator are united. In ES 21114493 and DE 197 10 664 the comparison takes place outside the smart card. In U.S. Pat. No. 4,851,654 the pronounced voice signal is processed on the smart card and subsequently output.
GB 2 386 803 A discloses a system having a token and a token reader. The comparison of stored pattern and pronounced sample can be performed by the token reader, but may alternatively also be performed within the token. It is mainly directed to the security of a digital signature.
In patent application WO 03/021539 A1 a portable device is disclosed that is arranged for comparing the detected signal characteristics with voice characteristics that are stored in a memory of the portable device. The device includes an authentication function and, once authorization is obtained, allows the selection of a further function, as the memory may include preloaded voice sequences belonging to one or more legitimate users where each preloaded voice sequence corresponds to a command that is recognized by the processor. When during the initial authentication step the voice recognition code detects a match between a command spoken by a user and a sequence preloaded into the memory, authorization is granted to the user and the processor may execute a predefined sequence or task corresponding to the command. This feature of selecting a function in a device using pattern recognition after an authentication step has been performed is however not used in present invention.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved security device with selective authorization of functions which will avoid use by an illegitimate user.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a terminal unit for communicating with such a security device.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a method for communicating between such a security device and such a terminal.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a device for authorizing use of a selected function from among at least two functions of the device. The device includes storage for storing a function-specific voice pattern that is linked to the selected function, and a comparator for comparing an external input signal with the function-specific voice pattern.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal unit for communicating with a device for authorizing use of a selected function of the device. The device stores a function-specific voice pattern that is linked to the selected function. The terminal unit includes a receiver interface for interfacing with the device, a selector for allowing selection of a function as the selected function, and a voice message receiver for receiving a voice message. The terminal unit also includes a processor for processing the voice message, and a transmitter for sending the processed message to the device for comparison with the voice pattern that is linked to the selected function.
A further embodiment of the present invention provides a method for giving a user authorization to use a selected function of a device that stores a function-specific voice pattern that is linked to the selected function. According to the method, the device is received at a receiving interface of a terminal unit, and an identifier that is pronounced by the user is received. The identifier corresponds to the selected function. The pronounced identifier is processed in the terminal unit, and the processed identifier is sent to the device for comparison with the voice pattern that is linked to the selected function. Based on a result of the comparison by the device, there is received from the device either an authorization grant that allows use of the selected function, or an authorization denial that denies access to the selected function.
Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for obtaining authorization to use a selected function of a device that stores a function-specific voice pattern that is linked to the selected function. According to the method, the device is interfaced with a terminal unit, and an identifier that corresponds to the selected function is pronounced. After recognition by the device of the voice pattern of the pronounced identifier, authorization to use the selected function is obtained.
Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the present invention, are given by way of illustration only and various modifications may naturally be performed without deviating from the present invention.
FIG. 1 represents a conventional solution.
FIG. 2 represents a solution according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail hereinbelow with reference to the attached drawings.
Embodiments of the present invention use biometrics, and more specifically voice recognition, instead of (or in addition to) using a PIN to give access to a function on a smart card. Biometric voice recognition does not use the actual value of a spoken word, but the way it is pronounced by a specific person. This way the passphrase (being a pronounceable word) does not have to be secret. Someone else who sees or hears it is not capable of pronouncing it exactly the way the legitimate user pronounces it. Because the word itself is not secret, the protection lies in how the legitimate user pronounces it.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a device for authorizing the use of a selected function from among at least two functions provided on the device. The device comprises storing means for storing a function-specific voice pattern that is linked to the selected function, and comparing means for comparing an external input signal with the function-specific voice pattern.
In a preferred embodiment, the function-specific voice pattern corresponds to an identifier that is a word, a combination of words or a phrase to be pronounced by a legitimate user of the device. Optionally, the device includes identifier storing means.
Preferably, the device includes PIN code storing means for accessing a selected function provided on the device.
In some embodiments, the device includes additional passphrases storing means for accessing a selected function provided on the device.
In a typical embodiment, the device is a smart card.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal unit for communicating with such a device. The terminal includes receiving means for receiving the device, selection means for selecting a function, voice message recording means, processing means for the recorded voice message and communication means for sending the processed message to the device.
Preferably, the terminal unit further includes function reading means for reading the at least two functions provided on the device. Optionally, the selection means are for selecting a function from among at least two functions.
In one embodiment, the terminal unit includes identifier storing means, with the identifier being a word, a combination of words or a phrase to be pronounced by a legitimate user.
The present invention also provides a communication system that includes such a device and such a terminal unit.
Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for giving a user authorization to use a selected function that is provided on such a device, with the device being in communication with such a terminal unit. According to the method, the device is received in a terminal unit, and the user is pronounces an identifier corresponding to the selected function (for example, at the request of the terminal unit). The pronounced identifier is processed, and the processed identifier is sent to the device. It is verified on the device whether the processed identifier corresponds to the voice pattern specific for the selected function. Authorization to use the selected function is granted in the case of a positive verification, or access to the selected function is denied in the case of a negative verification.
Preferably, a PIN code is also checked to gain access to the selected function.
In one embodiment, the selected function is determined by the user (for example, at the request of the terminal unit), after the device is received. In another embodiment, the selection of the function is performed before the device is received.
In some embodiments, additional passphrases are checked to gain access to the selected function.
In one specific embodiment, the terminal unit displays the identifier corresponding to the function to be used. The terminal unit may obtain the identifier corresponding to the function to be used from the device.
A further embodiment of the present invention provides a method for obtaining authorization to use a function provided on such a device, with the device being in communication with such a terminal unit. According to the method, the device is entered into a terminal unit, and there is selected a function to be authorized. An identifier corresponding to the selected function is pronounced (for example, at the request of the terminal unit). After recognition by the device of the voice pattern of the pronounced identifier, authorization to use the selected function is obtained.
Preferably, a PIN code is also used to gain access to the selected function.
In one embodiment, additional passphrases are used to gain access to the selected function.
FIG. 2 shows a solution according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, each function of the smart card has a different voice pattern linked to it. For both the cardholder and the card this pattern represents a specific function. The cardholder is asked (explicitly or implicitly) to pronounce a word to gain access to a function. The smart card only allows the function after recognition of a voice pattern linked to the function. Comparing means 2 are provided for this purpose. For example, when sending the spoken word "signature" to a "digital signature" function of a smart card, this gives access to this function, and cannot be used to obtain access to another function of the smart card.
The device handles secrets, typically cryptographic keys, and is protected against disclosure of these secrets. The physical and logical protection mechanisms used for the secret protection can also be used to protect the function specific voice patterns in the device against modification.
The function-specific voice pattern stored in the device must not be modifiable by an illegitimate person. The device therefore implements access control to the voice pattern storing means 1. One logical access control implementation uses one time programmable memory, so that the information cannot be modified after it has been written the first time. Another logical access control implementation uses authorization control to write data in the device. The authorization may be based on PINs, passwords, voice recognition and cryptography in any combination. One way to implement the physical access control is the use of chips for smart cards or USB security dongles.
The function specific voice patterns can be put in the device in numerous ways. It can be done during a registration process in a trusted environment where the legitimate user pronounces the required identifiers. A trusted terminal device processes the pronounced identifiers and communicates the result together with the required access control information to the device where the results can again be processed before being stored.
Embodiments of the present invention do not use a biometric sensor (microphone) in the device itself to prevent fraud because this is difficult and expensive to manufacture and because it does not prevent the fraudulent use of recorded voice on stolen devices.
The approach of the present invention has several advantages. The word that the cardholder is asked to pronounce can match the function that he wants to authorize. This is easy to explain to the cardholder and easy to remember for the cardholder. Further, the terminal cannot perform functions other than those authorized by the cardholder. Another practical advantage of having several functions on the same card is, from the user's point of view, that one does not need separate cards for various functions like electronic wallet, building access, digital signature, etc. By first selecting a function using a terminal and subsequently authenticating by recognizing a pattern, a quality enhancement is achieved in that the processor does not have to authenticate a person and recognize a command at the same time. It only has to authenticate a person with a pattern corresponding to a command that was already selected before. The approach according to the present invention can reduce the number of false rejects or false accepts in a substantial way.
Using this principle, instead of having to remember a PIN per function, the user has to remember an easy-to-remember word (e.g., the name of the function). The word corresponding to the function may be stored in the terminal. This makes it possible to show the word the user has to pronounce on the screen of the terminal. Another extension is to store the words to be pronounced in the smart card. This makes the terminals more independent. After a cardholder has selected a terminal function and inserted his smart card in receiving means 10 (in any order), the terminal may ask the card to provide the word corresponding to the function of the card. For example, with an e-mail terminal in an international airport, all users may understand English, but have a different word linked to a card function. When the cardholder inserts his smart card, the terminal requests the "text" corresponding to the e-mail function from the smart card. The smart card responds with "courriel" for a French customer and "brievenbus" for a Dutch customer. The terminal requests the cardholder to pronounce that text. By choosing words that mean something, the user is better capable of knowing exactly what will be done once he pronounces the passphrase (thus, which function he will open and what can be done with it).
As another example, the cardholder uses a PC mouse to instruct the PC he wants to access his e-mail. The PC asks him to pronounce "e-mail". The cardholder pronounces "e-mail". The PC records it with a recording means 30, processes it with a processing means 40 and transmits the processed voice recording and the e-mail function selection to the smart card via a communication means 50. The smart card verifies that the "e-mail" recording corresponds to the "e-mail" pattern linked to its "e-mail" function. The card authorizes the e-mail function of the card. In this example the terminal cannot perform a function different from e-mail if the cardholder did not pronounce the words corresponding to this other function.
Also, recorded voice samples cannot be used for all functions of the card. In order to prevent illegitimate use of voice recordings, users can refrain from pronouncing certain words in an environment they do not trust. For example, they do not pronounce the word "signature" outside the office in order to prevent the use of the signature function even if the card is used (and the voice recorded), then stolen outside the office.
The word may be replaced with a combination of words or a phrase. When a user pronounces "Purse Load", the terminal converts the spoken word into digital format and sends it to the Purse Load function in a smart card. The Purse Load function verifies if this password is really "Purse Load" pronounced by the legitimate user. If so, the Purse application can be used. If the verification fails, the Purse Load function remains closed.
In addition to the voice patterns of each card function, a PIN can be used. Since PIN and voice recognition serve different purposes, it can be explained to cardholders that they need both a PIN and a voice pattern to access functions. Since the PIN increases the authorization confidence, the recognition requirements can be lowered, thus lowering false rejection.
In another embodiment additional passphrases are used for one function. Each passphrase imposes specific limits where the function allows such limits. An example of this is the signing money transfer function. The problem is again the same. The user does not see what happens inside the terminal. If he wants to transfer ε1,000, he can give his voice passphrase for the money transfer function (e.g., "Money Transfer") . The terminal sends this spoken password to the smart card, and has access to the money transfer function, but there is no proof that because the terminal shows on the screen "ε1,000", that this amount is actually sent to the smart card. A fraudulent terminal can ask the smart card for a money transfer of ε100,000. The solution is to give the same smart card function more than one passphrase. In our example with the money transfer function, they can be:
"Money Transfer",
"Money Transfer maximum one thousand", and
"Money Transfer maximum one million".
Depending on which passphrase is received, the function only allows money below a specific amount (in our example, the first password allows only money transfers smaller than ε100 (the default), the second one smaller than ε1,000, and the third smaller than one million).
While there has been illustrated and described what are presently considered to be the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various other modifications may be made, and equivalents may be substituted, without departing from the true scope of the present invention. Additionally, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation to the teachings of the present invention without departing from the central inventive concept described herein. Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention may not include all of the features described above. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.