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Florida cornerback Vernon Hargreaves III was named SEC Freshman of the Week, the league announced Monday.
Florida cornerback Vernon Hargreaves III was named SEC Freshman of the Week, the league announced Monday.
Hargreaves made his third interception of the season, the most by an SEC freshman and the third-most nationally among freshmen. He intercepted a pass in the end zone from Kentucky's Maxwell Smith to rob the Wildcats of a third-quarter touchdown.
Hargreaves leads the Gators in interceptions.
The weeks other honorees:
OFFENSIVE: Aaron Murray, QB, Georgia
• Murray has been named the Walter Camp National Offensive Player of the Week following his performance in the 44-41 win over #6 LSU
• He connected on 20-of-34 for 298 yards and four touchdowns and also ran for his third touchdown of the year
• This marked Murray's second win over an SEC top-10 team in the last three games as he helped generate 494 yards of total offense on the Tigers defense
• Under Murray's direction, the Bulldogs have scored at least 35 points in all four of their games this season, including at least 41 versus both #6 South Carolina and LSU
• Murray moved into the No. 2 spot in school history with career passing yardage with 11,429 (former Bulldog David Greene holds the school and SEC records at 11,528); in total offense, Murray now has 11,659, which is No. 2 in SEC history.
DEFENSIVE: C.J. Mosley, LB, Alabama
• Senior All-American and defensive signal caller led Tide to first shutout of season.
• Led team with 9 total tackles, one TFL, one PBU and 2 QB hurries.
• Put the game out of reach when he recorded a safety with 5:43 left in the game to make it 18-0.
• Also deflected a pass on a key 4th down and 2 from the Alabama 7 in the 3rd quarter to keep lead 16-0.
• Held Ole Miss to 4-for-14 on 3rd down, 1-of-4 on 4th down, and 0-for-2 in the red zone.
• Rebels totaled just 205 yards (46 rushing, 159 passing) and 3.6 yards per play.
• Held third opponent this season to 10 points or less (7 times in 2012).
• UA now ranks 2nd in SEC in scoring defense (14.5) and 3rd in total defense (331.0).
SPECIAL TEAMS: Marshall Morgan, PK, Georgia
• Morgan scored 14 points during the 44-41 victory over #6 LSU.
• He was 5-for-5 on PATs and drilled all three of his field goal attempts, including a career-long 55 yarder that put Georgia up 27-20 in the third quarter.
DEFENSIVE LINE: Michael Sam, DE, Missouri
• Was a disruptive force in the backfield much of the night in MU's win over Arkansas State, as he notched a career-best 3.0 quarterback sacks, while forcing a fumble. Ended the night with 4 tackles overall, including his 3.0 sacks for a total of 19 yards in losses.
• The 3.0 sacks ties the NCAA single-game high through Sept. 28th this season, and Sam leads the SEC and ranks 18th in the NCAA so far with his tackles for loss average of 1.5 per game.
OFFENSIVE LINE: A.J. Cann, OG, South Carolina
• Cann led the charge for the Gamecocks' offensive line that helped amass 225 yards on the ground, including 167 from Mike Davis, and four rushing touchdowns, and another 265 yards through the air.
• Played all 80 offensive snaps, grading out at 86 percent with no sacks or pressures.
• Of the Gamecocks' 490 total yards, 326 came after intermission.


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California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger's June 4 declaration of a statewide drought - the first in 17 years - makes official what the state's farmers have been grappling with daily for too long - a dire water shortage that has already led to a first-ever water rationing this summer for some farmers in the San Joaquin Valley.
All this follows two straight years of below-average rainfall, very low snowmelt runoff, and the largest court-ordered water transfer restrictions in state history. That's caused farmers in some areas to leave fields fallow, disk up crops in others, park their equipment, and forgo hiring workers as they hunker down, trying to stretch scant water supplies and survive to the next season.
"At the very least, the governor's drought declaration has awakened much of the state to realize that the water situation is worse than many people thought it was," says Mike Wade, executive director of the California Farm Water Coalition. "It should help bring the state together to understand that something has to be done to fix the broken water supply system."
That system has been battered by a combination of factors. The Department of Water Resources final 2008 snow survey showed snow pack water content at only 67 percent of normal and the runoff forecast at just 55 percent of normal. What's more, rainfall from March through May was the lowest for this three-month period in 86 years of record keeping.
Also, investment in developing new water supplies over the years has not kept pace with the state's past and expected population growth, Wade notes.
A controversial federal district court decision last August designed to help save the endangered Delta smelt has added to the water woes. That ruling restricted water deliveries from the northern to the southern two-thirds of the state from December 2007, to the end of May this year. That prevented transfer of 650,000 acre-feet of water from the Delta to parts of the Bay area, the San Joaquin Valley and Southern California.
"Water supply reductions and living with water-short budgets are nothing new for much of California's agriculture," says Wade. "But, the situation now is as bad as or worse than we've ever seen."
Among agricultural areas suffering form limited water supplies are those in Northern California and the eastern San Joaquin Valley that rely on Sierra Nevada runoff. However, farmers in the western San Joaquin Valley, who rely on water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta for their irrigation needs, have been hit hardest. They include a little over 700 growers in the Westlands Water District, the largest federal water district in the country.
In February, in an unprecedented move, the amount of water allocated to them was slashed from their normal 65 percent of contract with the Bureau of Reclamation to just 45 percent because of the worsening water shortage. On June 2, this figure was cut yet again, this time to just 40. That led to another unprecedented event.
For the first time in its nearly 60-year history, the district began rationing water supplies in May. Normally, farmers can use the annual water allotment as they see fit throughout the growing year. This summer, however, they'll receive just under one-half-acre-feet of water for each acre they own for all of June, July and August. That's about half their normal amount for this period. Whatever water remains will be available to growers from September to the end of the water year next February.
"We knew this water year would be light, so growers were very conservative about what they planted and fallowed about 200,000 acres at the beginning of the season" says Sarah Woolf, spokesperson for the district. "However, no one thought we'd get into this type of rationing situation."
With their water supply allocations also cut from 45 percent to 40 percent, at least two other San Joaquin Valley water districts - Pacheco and Panoche - are making plans to implement rationing, if necessary, for June, July and August. Water would be pro-rated equally among members based on the districts' contracted supply, reports Dennis Falschi, general manager of both districts. "The shortage will have a huge financial impact on growers, the industry and the county in general."
The situation has forced farmers in these districts to take a variety of defensive actions. They include forgoing annual crops, like lettuce, peppers and tomatoes to free up more water for permanent crops like almonds, grapes and pistachios. Pumping more groundwater is another option for those who have wells. However, high boron and saline levels of this water can pose a threat to crops.
Some growers are buying water wherever they can. Water sales have ranged from $500 to already $900 per acre foot and the weather is still mild.
The water shortage is also impacting farmworkers. "There's already been a significant cutback in the labor force in our district because of the lower water supplies at the beginning of the season, over 500 year-round jobs" says Woolf. "The latest water restrictions caused even more workers to be laid off the first week of June."
"This is an unfolding dilemma and a lot of growers are still trying to sort out what to do," says Dan Errotabere, a former Westlands Water District chairman whose family farms near Riverdale, Calif. The Errotaberes farm almonds, tomatoes, cotton and garlic near Riverdale, Calif. "We need to try to survive the best way we can."
This year, he fallowed 320 acres and decided not to plant lettuce, as usual, based on the earlier 45 percent allocation. Also, Errotabere completed his last wheat irrigation before rationing began. Meanwhile, his cantaloupes, tomatoes, onions and garlic will have to depend mostly on well water this year to save as much canal water as he can for his almonds. "Because of the salt levels, the well water isn't the best choice for the land," he says. "But, we're in a desperate time."
"It breaks my heart that farmers have invested thousands of dollars in permanent crops and then the water supply gets jerked out from under them," says grower Mike Stearns, Firebaugh, Calif. "There will be some major financial losses on the West Side."
Stearns, who is also chairman of the San Luis Delta Water Users Association, grows wine grapes, processing tomatoes and seedless watermelons in the Westlands and Panoche water districts. Over the last few years he's cut water consumption significantly by switching from conventional furrow and sprinkler irrigation to buried drip systems for his row crops and above ground drip for his wine grapes.
This year's water shortage has forced him to fallow about 25 percent of his land in the Panoche district to conserve water for his young wine grapes. Stearns reduced his cotton acreage 85 percent from last year and planted none of his usual garlic or processing onions. To help compensate, he planted some of his typical tomato and cotton acres to safflower this year. "I was able to pre-irrigate the safflower using water carried over from 2007," he reports. "That's all the water the crop got.
Despite deficit irrigation this year and probably a minor decline in yield, most members of the Central California Almond Growers Association should not be affected too badly, says Mike Kelley, president and CEO of the association. For one thing, only about 10 percent of them are in the Westlands Water District. Most of the rest are in older water districts where water reductions won't be as severe because of older water rights.
"With such a tremendous investment in their acreages, the last thing they want is to be shorted on water," he says. "So, prior to this season, our growers did a substantial amount of planning for a worst-case scenario. Because most of them have wells, they should be all right. At this point, we believe our members will weather the water situation. The only caveat is that this is a moving target that seems to change on a weekly and daily basis. If the drought continues, it could be a very bad situation everywhere."
"Because we fallowed so much ground and planted safflower as an alternate crop, we'll make it through summer," adds Stearns "But, unless we have an above-normal winter, next year looks very bleak."

subset: commoncrawl


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Monday, June 11, 2012
A Longer Triple Crown Has Benefits Far Beyond Tradition
ELMONT, NY, June 11, 2012—Most people agreed that his was the year it was finally going to happen. From horsemen, to media, to horseplayer and sports fans, the consensus of all was that I'll Have Another, demonstrated in the Kentucky Derby and Preakness, had all the tools to become an immortal.
Never mind that if I'll Have Another competed and won the Triple Crown here Saturday he would have beaten almost three times the number of rivals Citation did in 1948. Citation? The original "Big Red," until the "Big Red" of Meadow Stable" came along, was considered the greatest American horse of the modern era.
Never mind that in 1978, Affirmed, notwithstanding his nemesis, Alydar, beat only 17 other rivals to become the last Triple Crown winner of 34 years. Hell, I'll Have Another beat 19 rivals in this year's Kentucky Derby alone.
Finally, never mind that all 11 Triple Crown winners ever had to beat more than seven rivals in the Test of the Champion. Had I'll Have Another run and won, he would have beaten 11 rivals, 40 Triple Crown opponents in all.
All of the above can be construed as logical reasons why today's Triple Crown series is harder to win than ever; numbers dictate. But there are many more reasons; some subtle, some not, and all worth considering:
Speed-laden commercial pedigrees; inherent unsoundness of popular sire lines; modern training philosophy; the hot-housing of yearlings, increased popularity of speed-crazy breeze-up sales; lack of juvenile foundation for the classics season, etc., ad nauseum.
When concerned individuals suggest that the duration of the series needs lengthening, two arguments heard most often is "five weeks" is what makes the accomplishment so difficult--so special; and that a lengthened series would cheapen the achievement of the predecessors.
A question, then, for all those making the degree of difficulty/historical context argument: Given the above factors, would a victory by I'll Have Another on Saturday somehow have tarnished the accomplishments of the 11immortals?
Said the apple to the orange, of course not. The time for debating is over. Acknowledging reality and self-serving sanity is what's needed now.
The tradeoff of stamina for speed has proven to be a mistake for the breed, not for the people who bred and sold them. Consider:
According to recently released Jockey Club statistics, field size in 1980 was approximately nine starters per race; halcyon 1950 levels. This likely reflected the surge in racing's popularity coming off the Triple Crown binge of the '70s. That number dropped to eight last year.
In 1972, the average race horse had a career spanning over 10 lifetime starts. Last year, that number was a bit over six, meaning that despite all the medical and technological breakthroughs, lifetime career expectancy was lower by 40 percent lower, over the past 40 years ago. Coincidence? I think not.
The breed is far less durable; consider Citation's Triple Crown season: Big Red raced four times in February and thrice in April. He won the Derby Trial on April 27 and the Derby four days later. He won the Preakness on May 15 and the Jersey Stakes two weeks later.
Between the Jersey Stakes on May 29 and the June 12 Belmont, Citation breezed a half-mile, worked a mile three days later and, three days after that six furlongs, one day before the Belmont. He went wire to wire and won by eight.
Citation obviously was a great race horse but also nothing more than flesh, blood and bone, strong bone. Name one American horse that could withstand that kind of training schedule in this era. Can't think of one? Of course not; that Thoroughbred no longer exists.
Before the ink on the 2012 Belmont Stakes chart was dry, two respected members of the mainstream media used words like change, outlaw, inhumane. Like it or not, his is how the majority of the 85,000 people at Belmont Park Saturday, and the millions viewing on TV, still get their news.
Wrote Bob Ford in the Philadelphia Inquirer: "We see it every year in the Triple Crown chase. Horses break down, or they develop physical issues that lead to their retirement.
"It is too much to ask a 3-year-old, who are "little more than teenagers" in their development to run three hard races in just five weeks… At some point, the sport of horse racing has to make a change. Not because there will never be another Triple Crown winner. Some horse will beat the odds and get it done eventually…
"Enduring the three races in the span of five weeks is one thing. Preparing to do it and trying to recover between the races is just as sapping. As constituted for modern horses, the Triple Crown series is inhumane. It doesn't work."
Sally Jenkins, Washington Post: "It's a good thing I'll Have Another is such a celebrity. Otherwise that horse would be working right now. The most scrutinized trainer in thoroughbred racing was forced to withdraw the most famous horse in America from the Belmont.
"This is hardly proof that thoroughbred racing has cured its creeping moral sickness. It only proves that [trainer Doug O'Neill] knows he can't take another major public scandal at the moment, and neither can his sport…
"We should be grateful that I'll Have Another won't be on the track at risk of a public breakdown... But somewhere, on another track, in a less publicized race, a sore-legged horse will run. About 800 horses die racing each year… That rate is intolerably high…
"Thoroughbred racing is at a moral junction, and it's time to decide whether it has any real worth, or needs to be outlawed."
Andrew Cohen Atlantic Monthly /60 Minutes: "In horse racing, everyone has an excuse. Everyone has an explanation. No one accepts responsibility. Regulators don't enforce the rules aggressively enough. And when they do the targets of their investigation whine about how unfair the rules are.
"A few weeks ago, for example, New York regulators suspended a harness racing trainer for nearly 1,700 pre-race medication violations. How did the industry react? Leading trainers were outraged-- at regulators…
"The question now is whether this fire will roar long enough, and generate enough financial and political and regulatory heat, to do any good for the sport. If not, it will be yet another wasted opportunity for the industry, another tragedy for its many purists…"
The industry should defend itself the best way it can, by all means. Believe it or not, this is a bigger issue than who's right or who's wrong. It's not what we think that matters. Racing will live with its problems; has for the four decades I've covered the sport.
The ones who can't live with it, right or wrong, are the public that only get interested a couple of days a year. Why should the industry care? Because it won't be regulators who will shut the game down. It will be the public, with an assist from mainstream media, that will end it.
The time has come for the practitioners so fond of saying how the top priority is to "do what's best for the horse," make a concerted effort to show the general public and its loyal fans and bettors that it will practice what it preaches.
This isn't like the Raceday Lasix issue replete with serious economic complications. This is an easy fix that will make headlines, the application of pen to calendar. Please, space the series out in a fashion that reflects today's reality.
Racing is losing favor with Americans while also needing to compete with NBA and NHL championships? Then give the public what it wants and the horses what they need.
Link the Triple Crown series to the holidays and make it part of America's fabric. Forever, the Kentucky Derby is the first Saturday of May. A little more than four weeks later, a Memorial Day weekend Preakness. Five weeks after that, the Belmont Stakes on the Fourth of July weekend, an event even without a Triple Crown on the line.
The value of good will and added favorable publicity attendant to an elongated schedule is priceless. Racing needs to show people that it truly cares in a big, headline grabbing way. It must show, in terms the public can understand, that it's willing to alter tradition by doing what's best for young, present day Thoroughbreds.
Half measures won't work; it's far too late for that.
Written by John Pricci


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Are you getting ready to release a product, book or service?
Do you want to know how a podcast can boost your launch?
To learn why podcasts can be a very powerful marketing tool when it comes to starting a launch, I interview Brian Clark and Chris Ducker for this episode of the Social Media Marketing podcast.
More About This Show
The Social Media Marketing podcast is a show from Social Media Examiner.
It's designed to help busy marketers and business owners discover what works with social media marketing.
The show format is on-demand talk radio (also known as podcasting).
In this episode, I interview Brian Clark, founder of Copyblogger Media and host of the new podcast New Rainmaker. Chris Ducker is the author of Virtual Freedom and host of The New Business Podcast. Both Brian and Chris are serial entrepreneurs.
Brian and Chris share why they've chosen podcasts to launch their new products.
You'll discover ideas for your own launches and why you should give audio a chance.
Share your feedback, read the show notes and get the links mentioned in this episode below!
Listen Now
Listen now: Play in new window | Download
Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Google Podcasts | Stitcher | TuneIn | RSSYou can also subscribe via iTunes, RSS, or Stitcher.


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Treasurer Wayne Swan says the federal government is giving infrastructure financing "serious consideration" as a Labor appointee to the Reserve Bank board calls for budget deficits to fund new roads, railways and ports.
Heather Ridout and fellow board member John Edwards have told News Limited investing in key urban projects would spur productivity as the commodity price boom ends.
Ms Ridout argues that under-investment is constraining Australia, and she wants state and federal governments to go into deficit to fund the infrastructure.
"We have under-invested. Congested roads in cities are a major sign that we're not doing well enough," she said.
Asked if going into debt was the answer, Mr Swan said the government was considering a report by Infrastructure Australia on financing.
"When we've finished that serious consideration, we'll announce our conclusion," he told reporters in Brisbane on Thursday.
But Mr Swan said the government had increased infrastructure spending.
"We have been very big investors in infrastructure and we have increased substantial investment in infrastructure in our period in office," he said.
The treasurer described the national broadband network as a "huge microeconomic reform" that would lift productivity, and said the government had multiplied road and rail funding.
Dr Edwards, an economic adviser to former prime minister Paul Keating, said that while the NBN was worthwhile, Australia faced challenges from a high dollar and an ageing population.
"The big investment boom in mining, which has helped the economy over the last six years, is close to a peak," he said.


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In 1995, Pillay and Poizat introduced the notion of a surgical structure (translated from the french chirurgicale), a structure such that to each definable set there was an element of a poset attached to it (denoted h by its dimension) in such a way that if there was a partition of a set X into finite pieces and each of these pieces could be sent via some finite-to-one map to another set Y, then dim(X)is bounded above by dim(Y). Moreover, an accumulation character was required on this assignment, i.e, given a definable equivalence relation on a definable set, there were only finitely many classes of dimension the dimension of the ambient set.
Under these weak assumptions, they proved that a field interpreted in such a structure is perfect and has small absolute Galois group.
I will show how these techniques can be extended to consider certain Galois cohomological groups relative to the field, and discuss their geometrical meaning.
The talk is intended to be self contained and for a general audience in Model Theory.


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Click HERE for the 7th Grade ASB Ballot.
Check out our ASB Page by clicking HERE! Go Bobcats!!!
Brea Junior High School does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability in admission to its programs, services, or activities, in access to them, in treatment of individuals, or in any aspect of their operations. The lack of English language skills shall not be a barrier to admission or participation in the district's activities and programs. Brea Junior High School also does not discriminate in its hiring or employment practices.


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2014 Golden Globes Recap
by Kam Williams
Abscam Comedy Emerges as Early Oscar Favorite
The Hollywood Foreign Press Association staged its 71st Annual Golden Globes in Beverly Hills on Sundayevening, with SNL alumna Tina Fey and Amy Poehler again sharing the hosting duties. The night's big winner was American Hustle for Best Picture (Musical or Comedy) as well as Amy Adams and Jennifer Lawrence for Best Lead and Supporting Actress, respectively.
Going into the event, Hustle and 12 Years and Slave shared all the Oscar buzz by virtue of their having landed the most Golden Globe nominations (7 each). But 12 Years has definitely now lost momentum, despite prevailing in the coveted Best Picture (Drama) category only.
As for the show, emcees Fey and Poehler again proved to be more celebrity-friendly than their relatively-irreverent predecessor, Ricky Gervais. The pair's tongue-in-cheek brand of humor ranged from Fey's praise of August: Osage County as proof that "there are still great parts in Hollywood for Meryl Streeps over 60" to Poehler's crediting "12 Years a Slave" for changing the way she feels about slavery.
They teased conspicuously-absent Woody Allen for winning the award "for the tiniest man with the biggest glasses," since the similarly-diminutive and power-framed Martin Scorcese had previously accepted the lifetime achievement accolade. Meanwhile, during the telecast, Woody's son Ronan was busy tweeting a reminder that his sister Dylan had recently gone public for the first time about her having been molested by their father at the age of 7.
As far as profanity, a few foul-mouthed winners had to be bleeped, although in the case of Jacqueline Bisset the very busy NBC censors were too slow on the button and let the S-word slip out over the airwaves. They also belatedly edited Fey's raunchy suggestion "Like a supermodel's vagina, let's all give a warm welcome to Leonardo DiCaprio," although they apparently had no problem with her running joke about prosthetic penises.
But enough about this self-indulgent, alcohol-fueled preamble to the Academy Awards, it's on to The Oscars!
Complete List of 2014 Golden Globe Winners
Best Picture, Drama: "12 Years a Slave"
Best Picture, Musical or Comedy "American Hustle"
Best Actor, Drama: Matthew McConaughey, "Dallas Buyers Club"
Best Actress, Drama: Cate Blanchett, "Blue Jasmine"
Best Director: Alfonso Cuaron, "Gravity"
Best Actor, Musical or Comedy: Leonardo DiCaprio, "The Wolf of Wall Street"
Best Actress, Musical or Comedy: Amy Adams, "American Hustle"
Best Supporting Actor: Jared Leto, "Dallas Buyers Club"
Best Supporting Actress: Jennifer Lawrence, "American Hustle"
Best Foreign Language Film: "The Great Beauty" (Italy)
Best Animated Film: "Frozen"
Best Screenplay: Spike Jonze, "Her"
Best Original Score: "All Is Lost"
Best Original Song: "Ordinary Love" "Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom"
Best Series, Drama: "Breaking Bad"
Best Actor, Drama: Bryan Cranston, "Breaking Bad"
Best Actress, Drama: Robin Wright, "House of Cards"
Best Series, Musical or Comedy: "Brooklyn Nine-Nine"
Best Actress, Musical or Comedy: Amy Poehler, "Parks and Recreation"
Best Actor, Musical or Comedy: Andy Samberg, "Brooklyn Nine-Nine"
Best Miniseries or Movie: "Behind the Candelabra"
Best Actress, Miniseries or Movie: Elisabeth Moss, "Top of the Lake"
Best Actor, Miniseries or Movie: Michael Douglas, "Behind the Candelabra"
Best Supporting Actress, Series, Miniseries or Movie: Jacqueline Bisset, "Dancing on the Edge"
Best Supporting Actor, Series, Miniseries or Movie: Jon Voight, "Ray Donovan"
CECIL B. DeMILLE LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD
Woody Allen


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Think back to a time when you created a piece of content marketing awesomeness. Visually it was appealing, you were very confident about the content, and you were sure that it was going to be a hit. Unfortunately, it fell flat. And it left you wondering, how did this happen?
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Recall Details
Chrysler is recalling certain 2006 Dodge Dakota, Ram 1500, Ram 2500, and Ram 3500 models because the rear brakes may lock prematurely during certain braking conditions. Locking up of the rear wheels during braking could result in loss of vehicle control and an increased risk of a crash. Dealers will replace the ABS control unit.


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Hornish Finishes 22nd at Lowe's Motor Speedway
October 12, 2008
CONCORD, N.C. (October 11, 2008) – Sam Hornish Jr., driver of the Penske Racing No. 77 Mobil 1 Dodge in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series, finished the Bank of America 500 at Lowe's Motor Speedway in 22nd place after starting from the rear of the field due to the team's use of the backup car. The Mobil 1 team worked methodically to improve the balance of the No. 77 machine throughout a race filled with obstacles, resulting in the team's best finish in eight weeks. For his performance, Hornish received "Rookie of the Race" honors after finishing one spot in front of Regan Smith.
As racing action was set to begin on Saturday night, Hornish radioed his team in encouragement. "Sorrry for putting us behind from the start," said Hornish, who had trouble during a Friday practice session, forcing the team to go to a backup machine. "It's a long race so let's work hard and see what we can get here."
By lap five, Hornish relayed that the Mobil 1 Dodge was tight-handling on exit of the corners on both ends of the track. The condition worsened by lap 17, when he radioed that the No. 77 was very tight all around the corners. When the first caution flag of the race waved on lap 34, Hornish was posted in 38th place, running one lap down to the leaders.
As the field slowed under caution for a single-car accident in turn four, Hornish radioed to the crew that the right-front tire suddenly blew, possibly due to on-track debris as well as him scraping the wall. Hornish quickly moved down to pit road for four tires, fuel, wedge and track bar adjustments. Crew chief Travis Geisler instructed Hornish to return immediately to pit road to "top off" with fuel and check for damage. With everything in order on the Mobil 1 machine, Hornish restarted the race in the 42nd position, one lap down to the leaders.
When the caution flag waved again on lap 52, Hornish provided the team with feedback on the Mobil 1 Dodge. "The car is quite a bit better," relayed Hornish. "But I don't know how it will be on a long run. It's still a little tight but I'm not sure if we should risk too big of an adjustment here."
Hornish came to pit road on lap 57 for just four tires and fuel, restarting the race in 39th place. By lap 100, he was posted in the 36th spot, still running one lap down.
When the caution flag waved on lap 102 for an accident involving the No. 88 machine, Hornish radioed that the Mobil 1 Dodge was extremely tight after a previous brush with the wall. He came to pit road for four tires and fuel on lap 104. Hornish returned to the pits on lap 106 for a track bar adjustment, and the crew also adjusted the "toe," or front end alignment. He restarted the race in 36th place.
A series of cautions ensued, and the Mobil 1 team continued to work on the balance of the No. 77 Dodge with Hornish set to the task of advancing his position in the running order. When the first of two rounds of green flag pit stops began, Hornish came to pit road on lap 173 posted in 29th place.
After a pit stop for four tires, fuel and a wedge adjustment, Hornish was docked with a "pass through" penalty by NASCAR for entering pit road too fast. He was one of several drivers receiving speeding violations. When pit stops cycled through, Hornish was posted in 34th place, now two laps down to the leaders.
The next 20 laps saw three cautions, with a multi-car accident bringing out the yellow flag on lap 194. Having pitted under caution just laps earlier, Hornish stayed out on track and lined up for the restart with others on the same strategy in front of then-leader Greg Biffle. A fortunate caution occurred in a matter of laps, and Hornish regained one of the two laps that he was down.
Posted in 28th place, crew chief Geisler called Hornish to pit road on lap 208 for four tires, fuel and a wedge adjustment. Although it had only been 19 laps since the team's last pit stop, it was a fortunate call as the grille of the Mobil 1 machine was filled with grass, which could've caused the engine to overheat if not removed.
"We could've gained some track position by staying out," said Geisler after the stop. "But the grille was full of grass. We'll reset here and go after the 'lucky dog' position. I think we have the car to get it."
Hornish restarted the race on lap 211 in 27th place, prepared to race his way into position as the first car one lap down, or the '"lucky dog." If successful, he would be allowed to return to the lead lap in the event of a caution.
The second round of green flag pit stops began shortly after lap 250, with Hornish running in the 23rd place, one lap down. He came to pit road on lap 257 for four tires, fuel, wedge and track bar adjustments. As pit stops were almost complete, a caution for debris came out on lap 164, leaving just 12 cars on the lead lap. Hornish restarted the race on lap 269 in 23rd place, two laps down to the leaders.
Under the green flag, Hornish was posting competitive, top-five lap times as racing action began to wind down. He set to the task of passing fellow rookie Regan Smith, who was also two laps down, in order to be the top-finishing rookie and gain valuable points in the close race between the two for the Rookie of the Year award.
He was able to do just that in the final laps of race, taking the checkered flag in 22nd place, two laps down to race winner Jeff Burton.
The No. 77 team remains 37th in the 2008 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series owner point standings, 143 points outside of the top-35.
"The Mobil 1 Dodge was pretty good most of the night," said Hornish at the conclusion of the 334-lap event. "I sped on pit lane and that killed us. If I hadn't have done that we would have probably been able to be on the lead lap and running in the top-15. It was a good night, though. All the guys on the team worked really hard. We came back and did what we needed to do after we were already in trouble. We're now learning how to do that better."
Penske Racing teammates Kurt Busch and Ryan Newman finished in 3rd and 21st place, respectively.
Hornish and the No. 77 team head to Martinsville Speedway next weekend for the excitement of the TUMS QuikPak 400. Racing action will be televised live on ABC at 1 p.m. EDT and will be broadcast on MRN at 12:45 p.m. EDT.


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ALBION, Mich. — Thousands of metal pieces transform into one geometric sculpture comprised of nine beautiful orbs, as Albion College's Math/Computer Science and Art & Art History departments invite volunteers to a "barn raising" sculpture build on Saturday, September 13, between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. Anyone who can put a nut on a screw is invited to come for any length of time, during that time, to Albion College's Science Complex atrium, located at the corner of East Michigan and Hannah streets in Albion.
"It's a chance to be a part of Albion College history," says Math/Computer Science department chair Dave Reimann, explaining that the nine sculptures, each more than four feet in diameter, will be on permanent exhibit, hanging from the atrium ceiling. "This is a great way to see the connections between mathematics and art. The ability to touch the parts as they go together gives you a real sense of the underlying geometry."
"This is one of those times when you are invited not only to touch the art and but also be part of its making," noted art professor Gary Wahl, expanding Reimann's idea. "The complexity of these forms requires many hands working side by side."
The sculpture was commissioned from mathematician/artist George Hart, a research professor in the Department of Computer Science at Stony Brook University and a successful fine artist. Hart's sculptures are based on his academic research on polyhedral structures and algorithms. His sculptures have been collected by individuals and museums, and he has created pieces for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of California Berkeley, and Princeton University, among others.
"One element of George's work that sets it apart from others is his use of the community as active agents of its creation … he forms an immediate bond between the work and its locale.
Wahl continued. "Those who participate will have the satisfaction of being part of the process and the benefit of meeting the artist and gaining insight into the sculpture's meaning and structure. They will become ambassadors for the art and the underlying math."
Caster Concepts of Albion manufactured the aluminum sculpture components, and Finishing Touch of Litchfield did the powder coating. "This sculpture really is a local effort," Reimann noted.
Immediately following the sculpture build, the finished pieces will be hung in the atrium.
This project is made possible in part by an Albion College Faculty Development grant, with a goal to substantially enhance the collaborative climate between art, mathematics, and computer science on the Albion College campus. The generous financial support of alumni and other friends of the department was also vital to this project. Reimann, Wahl and math professor Darren Mason developed and direct the project.
Volunteers and spectators are welcome to come at any time, for any length of time; large groups are asked to RSVP in advance if possible. To RSVP or for more information, contact the Mathematics and Computer Science Department office at 517/629-0301 or .
Related Web information:
Math Meets Art in Atrium Sculpture (AlbionView story)
George Hart's Web page


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The petroleum markets are getting battered by the cold winds of winter. Heating oil futures made a new high for the year and had a hard time deciding whether it should rally on some of the coldest temperatures in recent memory, or sell-off on a forecast that puts most of the eastern half of the United States to back above normal temperatures.
Still the warnings to the Northeast by the Energy Information Administration will hit the pocketbooks of Northeasterners when it comes to electric and natural gas. The EIA warned that full pipelines out East should expect higher prices and higher prices they have received. Reuter News reported that the cold weather in the northeastern United States pushed regional New York natural gas prices to their highest price so far this winter. If the early average of more than $22 per million British thermal units holds for the trading day, it will be the highest average price for regional New York gas prices tracked by Reuters since early January 2008.
Oil seemed hesitant to rally, but a late day rebound in the products caused a modest upside crude oil break-out. Perhaps word of another Islamic terrorist attack in Nigeria or perhaps another competing weather forecast sent the market higher. Yet despite the strength, there seems to be a sense that the market knows that in a seasonal sense it is really on borrowed time.
The Republican Governor of Nebraska, Dave Heineman, approved an alternate route for the Keystone Pipeline that met the stated concerns about the route of the pipeline. The new route avoids the Sandhills but still crosses over the Ogallala aquifer. The approval of the new route will put pressure on the Obama administration to make a decision on approving or denying the pipeline. On one hand they want to be green and the president has spent billions of dollars on green energy. So he now will either have to tell his Labor Unions no to a project that they want very badly or go back to his grinds in the environmental lobby and tell them he really wasn't as committed to the environment as he seemed to be in his speech.
Libya says that their oil production will continue to make a comeback. Bloomberg News reports that Libya's Oil Minister Abdulbari Al-Arusi said that Libya will raise their oil production of their light sweet crude to 2 million barrels a day in two years from the current 1.1 million barrels. In the shorter term they plan to up production soon to 1.7 million barrels a day. They have plans to drill 150 wells this year and their export terminal, which has been halted due to labor concerns about their safety and security, could also be restarted soon.


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2011-07-20 / General
Donations Being Accepted For Fiscus Cemetery Upkeep
Donations are currently being accepted to aid in the upkeep of the Fiscus Cemetery. Donations should be sent to Thelma Burger, 4071 Lick Creek Road, Coal City, IN 47427.
© 2009-2018 Spencer Evening World, Inc. | Privacy Policy
No commercial reproduction without written consent.
Electronic reproduction of any kind forbidden without written consent.


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Timothy A. McCabe
Timothy A. McCabe
Cox Communications employee
Timothy A. "Timmy" McCabe, 49, of Warwick, passed away February 21, 2012 at Home & Hospice Care of Rhode Island. He was the beloved husband of Michelle R. (Ledoux) McCabe.
Born in Attleboro, Mass., he was the loving son of Janet F. (Galli) McElroy and the late Alan E. McCabe. Timmy was employed by Cox Communications, where he was a universal home service technician. He was an avid fisherman, part-time musician and an avid NASCAR fan.
Besides his wife and mother he is survived by his loving daughter, Caitlin E. McCabe; two sisters, Kathleen J. Paul and her husband, William, and Kimberly A. Gedney and her husband, Kevin; and two bothers-in-law, Michael Ledoux and Richard Moore. He was the son-in-law of Paris Ledoux and stepson of James McElroy Sr., uncle of seven nieces and nephews and three great-nieces and -nephews. He was the brother of the late Dorothy L. Moore.
Visitation was Feb. 26 in Woodlawn Funeral Home, 600 Pontiac Ave., Cranston. His funeral and burial was private.
Memorial donations may be made to Home & Hospice Care of RI, 1085 North Main St., Providence, RI 02904. For online condolences visit www.woodlawngattone.com.


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CFNMSecret presents Ahryan Astyn in video At your service
Rating: 2.65
This week, Ive decided to hire myself a new servant, and invited my friends India and Ahryan over to show him off. As my friends get anxious to meet my hired help, I surprise them by telling them about his bow tie only requirement. When the girls excitement peeks, I summon him over for a little meet and greet. India and Ahryan pry over who gets to try him out first, but I make my ownership over him known. Even though he is mine, I let the girls get a taste of his sweeet dick. Wow, Ahryanas deepthroat is incredible, but my tight pussy will be the only one who gets to feel his cock this time ladies. Enjoy...
Watch the full Video. Join Now


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New Yorkers are always longing for more green space, and artist Kim Holleman has a quick fix solution. Playing off of the notion of a trailer park, the artist completely revamped an old camper, transforming it into a mobile public park. Filled with a lush garden of plants and shrubbery, Trailer Park has been making its way around New York City over the past few years, enticing visitors with a breath of fresh air and a peaceful place to rest.
Trailer Park: A Mobile Public Park first began appearing around New York in 2006, when Holleman transformed a Coachman Travel Trailer for the Storefront for Art and Architecture. The original furnishings of the trailer were removed and replaced with plants, dirt, and elements of an actual public park. Inside, visitors walk through a brick lined path, which leads around the 18-foot-long space. A small pond, surrounded by larger pieces of slate, trickles and flows, giving the Trailer Park the tranquil soundtrack of a gentle stream. The pond and built-in drip irrigation system are fed from water tanks under the camper, but can also be hooked into city water connections when parked for longer periods of time.
Lush trees, shrubs, and ivy are contained by hand-laid brick planters, which also offer a place to sit and enjoy the space, in addition to the wooden benches that flank the interior. More ivy climbs up the walls and over the camper's original windows and skylight. The plants flourish with the sun's rays that pour in through the skylights, filling the Trailer Park with light. Over the years, the park has become wilder and more natural, as the plants continued to grow and more seedlings took root.
Holleman pulls Trailer Park around New York, giving neighborhoods with lack of greenery a temporary space to enjoy the serenity of a park. The innovative piece has helped to put Holleman on the map, defining her role as an artist who addresses environmental issues in her work. On April 24th, Holleman will be giving a TEDx talk at the Cooper Union, and the Trailer Park will be stationed outside for visitors to enjoy.


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Question: As a longtime reader in Canada, I was recently surprised to learn how few pelts are being sold compared to the 1980s. The Canadian total then was 5.5 million pelts, and for the last few years it has been less than one million pelts. A huge decrease!
I then asked for the totals from the provinces British Columbia, Alberta and the Northwest Territories, where many trappers live.
BC – 300,000 pelts
Alberta – 1.8 million
BC – 35,000 (Almost 90 percent decline)
Alberta – 96,000 (Almost 95 percent decline)
NWT – 24,000 (Almost 90 percent decline)
I was shocked that so many trappers apparently have hung up their traps because of low pelt prices, or is it because more and more people don't want our product?
Is this huge decline common across the USA as well?
Shouldn't we be told this by NTA or editors of trapping magazines?
When Parker Dozhier's headline was "No Shortage of Buyers" (September 2008), he must be speaking of a different planet. — C.G., Vancouver, BC, Canada
Parker Dozhier Responds:
The number of trappers and hunters participating in the annual fur harvest has declined at an alarming rate since the mid '80s.
There are many reasons for this decline, but one stands out in the data: The number of young people involved. Each year the average age of those selling fur goes up one year. In other words, the old timers stuck with it year after year, but newcomers are few and far between.
Video games, more employment opportunities, less leisure time, cost of starting out, few families living in a rural environment — who knows the reason. I suspect it is a combination of several reasons. Incidentally, the number of hunting and fishing licenses sold annually has also decreased dramatically.
As to people not wanting our products: That is hardly the case. Furs are in fashion, the demand is soaring and more consumers are coming into the market each year. Ahh, but these are a far different type of fur buyer than 30 years ago.
The extreme high-fashion industry, which is driving the markets for the heavy lynx-cats, fisher and marten, is doing quite well. The rich will always be with us. But the bulk of the wild fur taken will be going to people of limited means.
This newfound wealth we are seeing demonstrated in Russia and China is creating the lion's share of our new customer base. No, these people can't buy a home or possibly even an automobile, but they can certainly exhibit their new status by what they wear … as long as it's not too expensive. In time, that is expected to change.
Since the fur markets, along with the sales of all luxury items, crashed in October 1987, the amount of fur taken in the U.S. and Canada has plummeted. Western Canada is certainly not unique. A few examples: Louisiana was once the largest single producer of wild furs. In '86, Louisiana trappers took 143,538 muskrats, while in 2002, they marketed only 438. Closer to home, Alaska produced 27,407 marten in '86, but even in light of stronger markets only 3,409 were taken in '02.
Time and again, I have mentioned in the Market Report the dramatic decline in the fur harvest using our most important fur bearer — raccoons. Prior to the crash, the U.S. and Canada collectively harvested nearly 6 million raccoons a season. Today, that figure is somewhere around 1.5 million.
In closing, be assured I'm firmly grounded on planet Earth. Moreover, I don't write the headlines for my column … never have. While there are far fewer country buyers and major regional collectors today than ever before, the number of buyers participating at the international auctions has skyrocketed.
When I was working with Hudson's Bay Company in the early '80s, we were thrilled to have 200 buyers, today 500 to 600 is the norm at most sales. Reasons: Fewer buying agents who may represent a dozen or more manufacturers, the increasing number of smaller independent makers in China, Russia, Greece and Turkey, and most importantly, the fresh new designers who are just beginning to discover the allure of fur. They are the future.
The Answer Men is your chance to ask an expert from the esteemed T&PC panel a question about any aspect of trapping, predator calling or fur handling. Send questions to: The Answer Men, 700 East State St., Iola WI 54990, or e-mail them to email@example.com.
Discover new techniques for finding and trapping more fur, how to make the most of your catch with harvest trends and prices, skinning techniques that can increase the value of your furs and more all in Trapper & Predator Caller. Subscribe Now


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Use the product search to shop for the latest, the hottest and the most effective promotional products. Don't see what you're looking for? Have no fear; we have access to every promotional item in the industry and will work with you to ensure you find the right item at the right price.
If you have questions or just want to brainstorm some new ideas, please contact us. We can discuss traditional items like those in the categories below – or, we can find more unique items if you prefer. We look forward to hearing from you soon.


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When Will Your Critical Records Become Critical to You?
When you visit your doctor, change doctors or are referred to a specialist, all of those providers would have access to the same medical information about you, including your previous treatments, illnesses, lab work, allergies, procedures, and so on. If you are travelling and need health care anywhere in the HealthlinkNY region, those doctors can also access your medical history. In time, even doctors across the country will be able to access your records, which will alleviate some of the delays, complications, and uncertainty of getting sick or being in an accident when you're away from home.Learn More


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Development of a Family Intervention to Address Drug Use and HIV in Vietnam
|The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01540188
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : February 28, 2012
Last Update Posted : February 18, 2016
- Study Details
- Tabular View
- No Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
Vietnam is currently experiencing two epidemics -- injection drug use and HIV. HIV infection is rising rapidly, primarily among injecting drug users (IDUs). Most young IDUs keep daily contact with their family or live in their parent's home. The burden on their families is substantial, and even greater if the IDU is HIV+. In this study, the investigators conduct an intervention pilot to develop and evaluate a family intervention to improve outcomes over time for Vietnamese IDUs and their families. This two-year study is conducted in Phu Tho, a province located about 80 km from Hanoi, Vietnam's capital.
Two teams with complementary expertise collaborate to implement this study: the UCLA team and the Vietnamese team from the Vietnam National Institute of Hygiene & Epidemiology (NIHE). The study has two phases:
- In Phase 1, the investigators develop the content, format and an implementation plan for the intervention from a focus group of 10 service providers, administrators and community leaders, and through in-depth interviews with 40 IDUs (20 HIV+ and 20 HIV-) recruited from the local drug rehabilitation center (the "06 Center") and from two local communities (Duu Lau and Gia Cam), as well as in-depth interviews with 20 of the IDUs family members (FM). Based on the findings, the investigators collaborate on designing a Vietnamese-specific family intervention for IDUs and their family members.
- In Phase 2, the investigators pilot the intervention in the local commune health centers in Viet Tri, Phu Tho. Eighty IDUs (HIV+/HIV-) and 80 of their family members are recruited from 4 communes and the 06 Center in Viet Tri city, and randomized into a intervention group and a control group. After the 4-week intervention, 3-month and 6-month follow-ups are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Participants randomized to the control group only complete the assessments (baseline, 3-, and 6-month) at the same time points.
|Condition or disease
|Quality of Life
|Behavioral: Family Intervention to Address Drug Use and HIV in Vietnam
|Phase 1 Phase 2
Vietnam is facing the challenge of dual epidemics -injection drug use and HIV. HIV infection is rising exponentially, primarily among injecting drug users (IDUs). Because Vietnamese are highly family oriented, most young IDUs have daily family contact or live in their parents' homes. The burden on the family is substantial, and even greater if the IDU is HIV+. The investigators hypothesize that with assistance, families can be part of the solution for both HIV and HIV+ IDU. This family intervention in Vietnam is based on the Social Action Theory and Social Network Theory, aimed at increasing families' capacities to effectively cope with the impact of IDUs and HIV. The study provides an opportunity to test culturally-specific intervention content and delivery. In addition, the intervention pilot will provide an opportunity to obtain project implementation experience in the local settings. The study also provides the opportunity to pilot test outcome measures.
The specific aims of the study are:
- To document the challenges of drug use and HIV for IDUs and their family members;
- To examine the acceptability and feasibility of a family-based intervention for IDU and their family members;
- To examine whether the IDUs and family members in the intervention group, compared to those in the standard care group, will have significantly improved health, mental health, and quality of life outcomes, including health seeking, reduced sexual and drug use risk behaviors, increased HIV testing, and reduced caregiver burden; and
- To examine how outcomes of the IDUs and family members are mediated by family indicators such as family cohesion, stress and symptom management, stigma and harm reduction, HIV disclosure, and treatment adherence.
|Study Type :
|Interventional (Clinical Trial)
|Actual Enrollment :
|230 participants
|Intervention Model:
|Parallel Assignment
|None (Open Label)
|Primary Purpose:
|Official Title:
|Development of a Family Intervention to Address Drug Use and HIV in Vietnam
|Study Start Date :
|July 2010
|Actual Primary Completion Date :
|April 2012
|Actual Study Completion Date :
|April 2012
No Intervention: Starndard care arm
Participants of the standard care arm are control groups of IDUs and family members. They do not attend intervention sessions.
Experimental: Intervention arm
Intervention for IDUs: there are 4 sessions of the intervention with the following titles: My family, my health, my actions, my community.
Intervention for family members: there are 4 intervention sessions for family members covering the following topics: my family, my responsibility, my support and my community
Behavioral: Family Intervention to Address Drug Use and HIV in Vietnam
Intervention for IDUs: there are 4 sessions of the intervention with the following titles: My family, my health, my actions, my community.
Intervention for family members: there are 4 intervention sessions for family members covering the following topics: my family, my responsibility, my support and my community
- Physical health [ Time Frame: Changes from baseline to 3- and 6-month follow-up ]The IDUs will be assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Short-Form 36 (SF-36). The MOS-SF-36 consists of the following domains: physical functioning; role limitation (physical); role limitation (emotional); social functioning; mental health; energy/vitality; pain; and general health perception. The score for each domain ranges from 0 to 100 with higher values indicating higher functional status.
- Mental health [ Time Frame: Changes from baseline to 3- and 6-month follow-up ]All of the participants including both IDUs and family members will be assessed by the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. This measure, developed by the World Health Organization, is a 20-item self-report scale that is widely used as a screening tool, covering affective, psychological and somatic symptoms associated with depression. Results from this measure will be used as an indicator of psychological (including psychosis) and emotional functioning that can be associated with drug use.
- Drug use [ Time Frame: Changes from baseline to 3- and 6-month follow-up ]Measures will include data on alcohol use and other drug use. For the IDU participants, their drug use will be measured by a biomarker (Urine drug screen) at the baseline, since the drug rehabilitation sites routinely collect urine to test for drug use. Positive results will be interpreted as signifying drug use, regardless of self-report.
- Sexual risk [ Time Frame: Changes from baseline to 3- and 6-month follow-up ]This is assessed using the Risk Assessment Battery (RAB; Metzger, 1995) Collecting data on self-reported HIV risk behaviors is especially relevant as there is a well-documented association between drug use and participation in high risk sexual behaviors related to HIV-transmission.
- Caregiver burden [ Time Frame: Changes from baseline to 3- and 6-month follow-up ]This is assessed using the Perceived Caregiver Burden Scale (PCB) (Stommel et al., 1990). This scale has been used in our studies in Thailand and China (Lee et al., 2009b) to assess caregiver burden in terms of perceptions and feelings about family members' physical and emotional health, family relationships, social life, work, and finances.
- Family/social support [ Time Frame: Changes from baseline to 3- and 6-month follow-up ]This is measured by two instruments. Social Support Questionnaire (Short; SSQ6) is a 6-item assessment to measure satisfaction of social support. Number of social support providers is captured up to 9 people in various support dimensions (Sarason et al., 1983). Medical Outcomes Study- Social Support Scale (MOS-SS) is a 20-item scale that measures the strength of perceived social support available. The scale consists of five dimensions: emotional support, informational support, tangible support, positive social interaction, and affection.
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18 or over
- Either HIV + or HIV- in blood test
- A current or past injection drug user
- Disclosure of drug use status and HIV positive status (if positive) to their family members
- Voluntary informed consent
Family members:
- Age 18 or over
- Immediate or extended family member of an IDU and living with the IDU.
- Previous knowledge of the drug use and HIV status (if positive) of the IDU.
- Voluntary informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
IDUs :
- Inability to give informed consent
- Has not disclosed the drug use status and HIV status (if positive) to family member
- Not a current or past injection drug user
Family members:
- Inability to give informed consent
- Does not know the drug use status and HIV status (if positive) of the IDU in their family
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01540188
|Commune health centers
|Viet Tri, Phu Tho, Vietnam
|Principal Investigator:
|Li Li, Ph.D
|University of California, Los Angeles
|Responsible Party:
|Li Li, Principal investigator, Professor-in-Residence, University of California, Los Angeles
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01540188 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
R34DA029493 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
|First Posted:
|February 28, 2012 Key Record Dates
|Last Update Posted:
|February 18, 2016
|Last Verified:
|February 2016
Keywords provided by Li Li, University of California, Los Angeles:
Drug user
Family member


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Sony helps Africa combat the spread of AIDS during 2010 FIFA World CupAug 11, 2010
The "Public Viewing in Africa" partnership project between Sony Corporation, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) brought 26 World Cup matches live to 24,000 people living in Cameroon and Ghana. The viewings launched an AIDS-awareness campaign aiming to bring health information to vulnerable communities in these countries, and contribute to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
The MDGs are eight internationally-agreed targets which aim to reduce poverty, hunger, maternal and child deaths, disease, inadequate shelter, gender inequality and environmental degradation by 2015.
Sony set up large screen visual equipment, including a 200 inch screen, projector, Blu-Ray disc player and waterproof speakers, and aired, for free, 26 live matches of the 2010 FIFA World Cup™, at locations with limited access to television, while UNDP, JICA and local partners offered the viewers HIV and AIDS counseling and advocacy materials. Activities included drama performances, quizzes and song contests relating to HIV and AIDS prevention, as well as the free distribution of condoms.
Despite the widespread popularity of football across Cameroon and Ghana, low household TV penetration, at approximately 20 percent, and the lack of electricity in certain regions prevents many communities from watching their teams on TV.
In Cameroon, UNDP mobilized approximately 5,350 people to five venues in four regions, while in Ghana, JICA brought together 18,650 people at 18 venues across 15 regions. In addition, 1,800 people in Cameroon and 3,000 people in Ghana took HIV tests. In both instances, more than double the number of people expected participated.
During the screenings, "Join the Team!" footballs, made from environmentally conscious and durable material produced by Sony were also distributed.
As part of its efforts to harness sustainable energy sources, Sony also piloted in Ghana a combined solar power and lithium-ion storage battery system*, which provided enough electric power to screen more than two hours of football broadcasts for public viewing in the evening.
UNDP and JICA work with the private sector to accelerate progress towards the MDGs by 2015, by promoting inclusive growth, and sharing best practice on how businesses can be profitable while fighting poverty.
Under the theme "For the Next Generation", the Sony Group is aiming to collaborate with external organizations to leverage the company's strengths in meeting the needs of today's society, while aiming to contribute to social sustainability and the development of the next generation. In recent years, Sony has also supported various activities in Africa with the aim of contributing to the MDGs.


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Written by Roger Koehler, Gothenburg boys basketball coach Thursday, 10 January 2013 14:31
On Dec. 27-29 the Gothenburg boys and girls basketball teams were privileged to have the opportunity to participate in the Cabela's Holiday Shootout in Sidney. Obviously, one of our goals as basketball teams is to win the games in which we play. But that is not our only goal. Our boys also have a goal to "do the right thing ON and OFF the court."
While we were in Sidney both our boys and girls teams were complimented many times on their conduct. From the hotel staff to the employees at restaurants, I as a coach repeatedly heard how well behaved our teams were. I have heard similar comments while traveling with other groups/teams numerous times over the years I have been employed by GHS.
I want to take this opportunity to let the people of Gothenburg know how well these young men and women represent their community, school, parents and team. If the old saying, "It takes a village to raise a child" is true, then Gothenburg you are doing a great job!
I feel honored and privileged to have the opportunity to work with such fine young adults.


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ATLANTA (AP) - Falcons owner Arthur Blank says Todd McClure is bound for the team's Ring of Honor.
McClure, the Falcons' center for 14 years, officially announced his retirement on Monday in a ceremony attended by teammates Matt Ryan, Tyson Clabo, Sam Baker and Justin Blalock.
Blank says McClure deserves to join such former stars as Deion Sanders, Tommy Nobis and Steve Bartkowski in the team's Ring of Honor.
McClure was a seventh-round pick out of LSU in 1999 and went on to become one of the team's most durable players. He set a franchise record with 148 consecutive starts and missed only four games over the last 12 seasons.
The 36-year-old McClure was emotional at times, including when he looked at his teammates. McClure said he was grateful he played only for the Falcons. "I'll be a Falcon for life," he said.
(Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
Former LSU star Todd McClure retires after 15 years with Falcons
ATLANTA (AP) - Falcons owner Arthur Blank says Todd McClure is bound for the team's Ring of Honor.


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Batman Ear Cuff
You've got the hot ear
- Single Batman stud earring with bonus chains and cuff
- Made from surgical stainless steel
- Officially-licensed DC Comics jewelry
We'd just like to point out that we're the reason that the Batman symbol on the earring is right-side up. We were looking at a prototype for this over the summer and we were like, "There's something odd about this.... Oh wait! The bat's ears are on the wrong side." Which happens quite a bit if you're an actual bat, but not so much if you're Batman.
Matte black ear cuff is linked by a black chain to a dangling outline of the Batman logo and by two additional black chains that drape to a Batman logo post earring that's covered in a gunmetal-colored, glittery resin. Butterfly-style back.
Product Specifications
- Single Batman stud earring with bonus chains and cuff
- Officially-licensed DC Comics jewelry
- Materials: 316L surgical stainless steel with black ion plating
- Dimensions: max distance from post to cuff is 4", bat symbols are 3/4" wide x 1/4" high, cuff is 1/3" diameter
- Weight: .3 oz.
For our customers with nickel allergies: this is made from 316L grade surgical stainless steel. That means its five main components are iron, chromium, nickel (10-14%), molybdenum, and manganese. This is implant-grade steel.


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Will Zoning solve my problem?
Uneven heating and cooling between floors or even sections of a ranch style home in Central Texas can often be resolved by installing a zone system. Zoning is term used to describe dividing a home into different areas for the purposes of heating and cooling. The temperature in each area can be controlled separately using a combination of dampers, air bypass devices and electronic controllers.
Not every home is a good candidate for zoning. Poorly installed zoning systems can destroy system efficiency, increase system repair costs, and cause early system failure. Setting up a good zone system is complicated but our AirOne technicians can get the job done right to make you comfortable and protect your air conditioning and heating investment.


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Check Out a Short Bio of Philippe Starck
May 21, 2012 11:25:06 AM
is a French product designer and probably the best known designer in the New Design style. His designs range from interior designs to mass produced consumer goods such as toothbrushes, chairs, and even houses.
He was educated in Paris at the École Camondo and in 1968, he founded his first design firm, which specialized in inflatable objects. In 1969, he became art director of his firm along with Pierre Cardin.
Unlike most other New Design artists, Starck's work does not concentrate on the creation of provocative and expensive single pieces. Instead, his product designs are of usable household items which Starck himself helps to market for mass production. His products and furnishings are often stylized, streamlined and organic in their look and are also constructed using unusual combinations of materials (such as glass and stone, plastic and aluminum, plush fabric and chrome, etc.).
Two of Starck's designs include stylized toothbrushes (1989) and a sleek juicer dubbed the Juicy Salif created for Alessi in 1990. The Juicy Salif has become an affordable and popular cult item. In 2004 he designed the first toothbrush sanitizer for the Yonkers, NY based company VIOlight which won the 2005 Industrial Design Excellence Award.
Emily G
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Watch and Analyze the New Mad Men Promo
"The affair of the year."
We're approaching the season premiere of Mad Men — barely a month away! — and now there is an official promo. It's just an animated version of the previously released photos, with the text "You're invited to the affair of the year." Get it? Because everyone on this show is constantly having affairs? Oh, you did get it. Anyway, last season's promo poster kind of did reflect Don's relationship with Megan after all; the season four one-sheet highlighted his loneliness, as did the season on the whole; and in season three, the promo showed Don drowning, not unlike how he was drowning in his own lies in that season. So let's take a way-too-serious look at this promo and make some general predictions.
For starters, the zoom in on the first shot eliminates Roger — who is already struggling with feeling left out and past his prime. Second, Pete's hairline is still receding, though he is attempting to make up for it with sideburns. Bold move, Pete. Third, Ken and Harry look really happy, and the shot seems to zoom in on Harry's gleeful visage. Maybe we will get more Harry this season! Fine by us. (More Ken, too, please, and more Cynthia.) Then the promo zooms in on Sally and Megan while blurring out Betty — true of Don's life in general, no? Neither Bobby nor Gene is present, which is to be expected, but the promo also skips the shot of Peggy sitting on the stairs, which better not mean limited Peggy visibility this season. Free Peggy.


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A member of the Heroic Warriors, the blue-skinned cyborg Sy-Klone was the Protector of the Legacy Stones and one of the last defenders of Anwat Gar. Sy-Klone has the gymnastic physique of an experienced warrior. He wears a small, circular shield attached to his left wrist and a big hoop mounted on his back. He is given to uttering occasional eastern influenced Zen philosophies. He wears the last remaining TECH vest armor created by his Gar ancestors to terrorize Eternia after the Great Wars. Its built-in wind rockets allow the user to create powerful vortexes of spinning energy as a defensive weapon or to fly through the air. Sy-Klone has upgraded his armor to also include cosmic radar which lets him sense the physical presence of evil long before others. Sy-Klone`s wind powers and radar chest make him combat ready! He is also able to spin different parts of his body individually. Sy-Klone can create mini tornadoes with either of his hands and feet. The tornadoes created by his feet cause him to lift off the ground and fly, although it's a very difficult method to use for flying and is generally avoided unless absolutely necessary. Sy-Klone can also project mini-tornadoes from his hands, which he directs at his enemies, the winds blasting weapons out of their hands and knocking them to the ground.
Trivia (Clawful94): Lou Scheimer voiced Sy-Klone in the Filmation Cartoons and John Payne voiced him in the 200X Cartoons.
MOTU Filmation Cartoon Appearances:
MOTU Filmation Specia lCartoon Appearances:
MOTU 200X MYP Cartoon appearances:
MOTU Mini-Comic Appearances:
Spanish-Zinco Comic Appearences:
Erapa-Gemany Comic Appearances:
US MOTU Magazine Appearances:
UK MOTU Magazine Appearences:
MVCreations Comic Book Appearances:
ALLEANZA : Heroic Warriors
SPECIE : Cyborgs
LUOGO DI ORIGINE : Island Of Anwat Gar
SESSO : Male
ARMI : Flying Discs, Shield


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General News
: Regional News
Whether a casino should be allowed in Kenosha remains an open question
Submitted: 11/08/2013
- Whether a casino should be allowed in Kenosha remains an open question.Governor Scott Walker isn't saying when he will make his decision on the Kenosha casino.He's hopeful to have something to announce ``in the next couple days.''Walker was asked Thursday about where he stands on whether to grant or reject the Menominee tribe's proposal with Hard Rock International to open a new casino complex in Kenosha. Walker says legally he could take up to a year to decide. He says he doesn't think it will take that long, but he is going to take the time necessary to explore ways to maximize the potential for creating jobs with the project.The Ho-Chunk and Forest County Potawatomi tribes oppose the project, largely because they say it will cut into profits at their casinos.(Copyright 2013 Associated Press - All Rights Reserved)
Written By: Associated Press
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Puzzle dot Cloud is a modern, beautiful, and brandable domain name to buy
If you're looking for a great domain name for your business, you've just found it! puzzle.cloud is a super-premium domain of the brand new .cloud TLD. It would certainly bring your business prestige, attract new customers and guarantee your success. Buy it before someone else does!
This domain is Buy Now! - $2450. It can be yours today – first person to claim it becomes the owner! Buying via monthly installments is available.


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This is an online lesson associated with activities during Solar Week, a twice-yearly event in March and October during which classrooms are able to interact with scientists studying the Sun. This activity is scheduled to occur during Monday of... (View More) Solar Week. The lesson introduces the concept of astronomical filters and their connections to imaging different objects in space. Learners will explore perceptions of images as seen using different colors of light, construct a filter wheel, and practice investigating various astronomical images using the filter wheel. This material was designed to highlight how filters are useful to astronomers and show how a real astronomical telescope uses filters to image the Sun. Outside of Solar Week, information, activities, and resources are archived and available online at any time. (View Less)
Learners work in teams to determine a landing site for their Mars Rover that best relates to their scientific question. They use technology skills to research Gale Crater through an online interactive module and learn about features of Mars through... (View More) use of Google Earth Mars. The lesson uses the 5E instructional model and includes: TEKS (Texas Standards alignment), Essential Question, Science Notebook, Vocabulary Definitions for Students, Vocabulary Definitions for Teachers, three Vocabulary Cards, and a Mini-Lesson. This is lesson 8 of the Mars Rover Celebration Unit, a six week long curriculum. (View Less)
This is an activity about using models to solve a problem. Learners will use a previously constructed model of the MMS satellite to determine if the centrifugal force of the rotating MMS model is sufficient to push the satellite's antennae outward,... (View More) simulating the deployment of the satellites after launch. Then, learners will determine the minimum rotational speed needed for the satellite to successfully deploy the antennae. This is the seventh activity as part of the iMAGiNETICspace: Where Imagination, Magnetism, and Space Collide educator's guide. Instructions for downloading the iBook educator's guide and the associated Transmedia book student guide are available at the resource link. (View Less)
Learners will take and then compare the images taken by a camera - to learn about focal length (and its effects on field of view), resolution, and ultimately how cameras take close-up pictures of far away objects. Finally, they will apply this... (View More) knowledge to the images of comet Tempel 1 taken by two different spacecraft with three different cameras, in this case Deep Impact and those expected/obtained from Stardust-NExT. This lesson could easily be adapted for use with images from other NASA missions. (View Less)
In this chapter, students will explore relationships between air quality and population density using the image visualization tool, Google Earth. You will learn how to download NO2 data and analyze them to develop a conceptual understanding of how... (View More) population and topography can influence the air quality of a region. Once you have learned the techniques, you are encouraged to explore seasonal changes in nitrogen dioxide concentrations at other locations. This chapter is part of the Earth Exploration Toolbook (EET). Each EET chapter provides teachers and/or students with direct practice for using scientific tools to analyze Earth science data. Students should begin on the Case Study page. (View Less)
Materials Cost: Free
Learners will decide on the appropriateness of items to take on a long trip to Mars and take into consideration the effects of zero gravity, limited electrical power, etc.
Materials Cost: Free
Activities in this lesson promote a fundamental understanding of relationships between graphed data. Sample graphs allow students to become familiar with interpreting data and to recognize relationships between variables. Additional microsets of... (View More) atmospheric data (gases, clouds, pressures, temperatures, precipitation) are included. Students will use that data to predict the appearance of a graph, plot the data points, study the data pattern and draw a conclusion. In addition, students will determine if a relationship exists between two variables; leading to an understanding that relationships between variables can be more complicated than simple linear ones. This lesson uses student- and citizen science-friendly microsets of authentic NASA Earth system science data from the MY NASA DATA project. It also includes sample graphs, related links, extensions, and an online glossary. (View Less)
Materials Cost: Free
El Niño impacts sea surface height, sea surface temperature and wind vectors. In this lesson, data for each of those three characteristics from the 1997-98 El Niño event will be analyzed and compared. Students will work in teams of 3 throughout... (View More) the activity, initially doing a team analysis of a single characteristic, and then jig-sawing into other groups to share information. The lesson culminates in a series of questions, a written summary and a comparison to similar observations done by scientists. This lesson uses student- and citizen science-friendly microsets of authentic NASA Earth system science data from the MY NASA DATA project. It also includes related links, extensions, an online glossary, and a list of related AP Environmental Science topics. (View Less)
Materials Cost: Free
This is a game about light curves that will test your ability to figure out things about an asteroid from just a graph of its brightness. Astronomers use telescopes to collect light curves - measurements of the brightness of distant asteroids over... (View More) time. It is part of the Killer Asteroids Web Site. The site also features a background overview of the differences between asteroids and comets, information on different types of asteroids (rubble piles vs monoliths), a discussion of how at risk Earth really is to an asteroid or comet impact, and background information on light curves. (View Less)
Materials Cost: Free
In this data activity, students explore the relationship between surface radiation and mean surface temperature in several geographic regions. By observing how these parameters change with latitude, students will understand the relationship between... (View More) solar radiation and seasonal temperature variation. This activity is part of the MY NASA DATA Scientist Tracking Network unit, designed to provide practice in accessing and using authentic satellite data. (View Less)


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Palpitations are feelings or sensations that your heart is pounding or racing. They can be felt in your chest, throat, or neck.
You may:
- Have an unpleasant awareness of your own heartbeat
- Feel like your heart skipped or stopped beats
The heart's rhythm may be normal or abnormal when you have palpitations.
Normally the heart beats 60 to 100 times per minute. The rate may drop below 60 beats per minute in people who exercise routinely or take medicines that slow the heart.
If your heart rate is fast (over 100 beats per minute), this is called tachycardia. A heart rate slower than 60 is called bradycardia. An occasional extra heartbeat is known as extrasystole.
Palpitations are not serious most of the time. Sensations representing an abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) may be more serious.
The following conditions make you more likely to have an abnormal heart rhythm:
- Known heart disease at the time the palpitations begin
- Significant risk factors for heart disease
- An abnormal heart valve
- An electrolyte abnormality in your blood -- for example, a low potassium level
Heart palpitations can be due to:
- Anxiety, stress, panic attack, or fear
- Caffeine intake
- Nicotine intake
- Cocaine or other illegal drugs
- Diet pills
- Exercise
- Fever
However, some palpitations are due to an abnormal heart rhythm, which may be caused by:
- Heart disease
- Abnormal heart valve, such as mitral valve prolapse
- Abnormal blood level of potassium
- Certain medicines, including those used to treat asthma, high blood pressure, or heart problems
- Overactive thyroid
- Low level of oxygen in your blood
Home Care
Things you can do to limit palpitations include:
- Lower your intake of caffeine and nicotine. This will often reduce heart palpitations.
- Learn to reduce stress and anxiety. This can help prevent palpitations and help you better manage them when they occur.
- Try deep relaxation or breathing exercises.
- Practice yoga, meditation, or tai chi.
- Get regular exercise.
- Do not smoke.
Once a serious cause has been ruled out by your provider, try not to pay close attention to heart palpitations. This may cause stress. However, contact your provider if you notice a sudden increase or a change in them.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
If you have never had heart palpitations before, see your health care provider.
Call 911 or your local emergency number if you have:
- Loss of alertness (consciousness)
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Unusual sweating
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
Call your doctor right away if:
- You often feel extra heartbeats (more than 6 per minute or coming in groups of 3 or more).
- You have risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol, diabetes, or high blood pressure.
- You have new or different heart palpitations.
- Your pulse is more than 100 beats per minute (without exercise, anxiety, or fever).
What to Expect at Your Office Visit
Your provider will examine you and ask questions about your medical history and symptoms.
You may be asked:
- Do you feel skipped or stopped beats?
- Does your heart rate feel slow or fast when you have the palpitations?
- Do you feel a racing, pounding, or fluttering?
- Is there a regular or irregular pattern to the unusual heartbeat sensations?
- Did the palpitations begin or end suddenly?
- When do the palpitations occur? In response to reminders of a traumatic event? When you are lying down and resting? When you change your body position? When you feel emotional?
- Do you have any other symptoms?
An electrocardiogram will be done.
In the emergency room, you will be connected to a heart monitor.
If your provider finds you have an abnormal heart rhythm, other tests may be done. This may include:
- Holter monitor for 24 hours, or another heart monitor for two weeks or longer
- Echocardiogram
- Electrophysiology study (EPS)
- Coronary angiography
Alternative Names
Heartbeat sensations; Irregular heartbeat; Palpitations; Heart pounding or racing
Fang JC, O'Gara PT. The history and physical examination. In: Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015:chap 11.
Miller JM, Zipes DP. Diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias.In: Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015:chap 34.
Olgin JE. Approach to the patient with suspected arrhythmia. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman's Cecil Medicine. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 62.
Review Date 5/17/2016
Updated by: Laura J. Martin, MD, MPH, ABIM Board Certified in Internal Medicine and Hospice and Palliative Medicine, Atlanta, GA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.


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On Mother's Day, we celebrate the many exceptional women in our lives and around the globe. Today, and every day, we are grateful for -- and indebted to -- the billions of mothers and other women who serve as the glue that keeps our families and communities together.
Unfortunately, in the fight against AIDS, women continue to bear a disproportionate burden. In many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, HIV remains the leading cause of death and disease for women of reproductive age, and in the region, 60 percent of those living with HIV are women. Despite these sobering statistics, countless women continue to prosper in the face of seemingly insurmountable odds.
Whether a woman is a mother today, or a mother to be, her health is paramount -- both for her own productivity and quality of life, and that of the next generation. One way that we can help to support women -- and their children -- is by ensuring that all mothers receive the essential health services they need, including for HIV. Moreover, by saving mothers' lives and allowing babies to be born without HIV, we are lessening future health care costs, stabilizing families and communities, and positively impacting economies and nations.
As of September 30, 2012, The United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) directly supported more than 5.1 million people on ART--61 percent of whom are women. In 2012 alone, PEPFAR reached more than 750,000 pregnant women living with HIV with antiretroviral drugs, enabling an estimated 230,000 babies who would have otherwise been infected, to be born without HIV. This is a remarkable achievement, and the pace of progress continues to accelerate.
Through PEPFAR's prevention of mother-to-children transmission (PMTCT) of HIV Acceleration initiative, launched in 2010, we increased investments in the 13 highest burden countries, while working with countries to develop strategies to expand access to quality PMTCT services. These efforts are paying off dramatically. In fact, between 2009 and 2011, we saw a 24 percent decline in the number of new pediatric infections globally, compared to a 23 percent decline in the previous six years.
Since June 2011, PEPFAR has proudly joined with UNAIDS, partner countries, and other key stakeholders to implement the Global Plan towards the Elimination of New HIV Infections among Children by 2015 and Keeping their Mothers Alive. By focusing attention and effort on the 22 countries (21 in sub-Saharan Africa) that account for 90 percent of all new infant HIV infections, the Global Plan has served as a clarion call for uniting diverse partners around this critical and achievable mission.
One new and potentially revolutionary tool that has greatly simplified the approach to PMTCT is Option B+. Option B+ offers all pregnant or breastfeeding women living with HIV lifelong ART, rather than relying on laboratory testing to determine eligibility for treatment. Remarkably, not only can Option B+ reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV to less than five percent, but it also maintains the mother's health, provides lifelong reduction of HIV transmission to uninfected sexual partners, and supports PMTCT in future pregnancies. Few other public health interventions offer such clear and widespread benefits.
Encouragingly, Option B+ is rapidly gaining momentum around the globe, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Malawi -- where Option B+ was developed -- is a prime example. After one year of implementation of Option B+, the number of pregnant or breastfeeding women living with HIV on ART in the country increased by an extraordinary 700 percent, and the estimated number of infant infections averted nearly quadrupled.
In addition to being highly effective, Option B+ is also simpler. In Malawi, rollout of this approach enabled pregnant women to receive prenatal care and ART, if they tested positive for HIV, in the same clinic. Option B+ also reduced ART to a single daily pill that could be prescribed by doctors or nurses, lessening the burden for the provider and the patient.
Other countries are quickly moving to follow suit. Uganda, Rwanda, and Haiti have already begun actively implementing Option B+ or are pursuing a phased rollout of the approach. And 15 more countries in sub-Saharan African have officially endorsed, or are preparing to pilot or rollout, Option B+.
As outlined in the PEPFAR Blueprint for Creating an AIDS-free Generation, PEPFAR remains fully committed to working toward the elimination of new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their mothers alive. To reach this goal, we are closely collaborating with partner countries, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and many others. Everyone has a role to play, and we all must step up our efforts.
By improving our ability to expand access to lifesaving HIV treatment for mothers and preventing transmission to their infants, Option B+ will be a game-changer in our collective push to achieve an AIDS-free generation. One future Mother's Day, let's hope that we can all celebrate such an achievement.