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How to Use
the Readings
Inquiry Question
Reading 3: The Rio Grande Project
Reclamation documented its work in annual reports published between 1902 and 1932. The following history consists of quotations taken from those reports:
Pending settlement of conflicting [water] rights involved in the development of the Rio Grande project as a whole, petitions were received in 1904 from residents of Mesilla Valley requesting the construction of a permanent dam to divert water from the river into the existing canals in the valley. After a careful examination by engineers of the service, the construction of a dam and about 6 miles of canal was recommended as being a commendable development that would ultimately become an integral part of the Rio Grande project and that would meantime be of great advantage to agriculture in the Mesilla Valley. On December 2, 1905, the construction of this unit, now known as the Leasburg District, was authorized by the Secretary of the Interior and $200,000 set aside from the reclamation fund to defray the necessary expenditures.
Work [on the Leasburg Division] was completed on February 14, 1908. During the season of 1908, the farmers received a constant and ample supply of water and had about 17,000 acres in successful cultivation. The permanency of the new diversion dam built by the Reclamation Service and the assurance of water when the river flows has given new courage to the resident farmers and has induced others to purchase farms.
Preparations were begun in December 1913, to extend irrigation to the lower part of the Mesilla Valley through the construction of the Mesilla Diversion Dam and the East and West Side Canals. The East Side Canal was completed in September 1915; the West Side Canal was completed in November. The first water was diverted through Mesilla Dam November 5, 1915.
Pending the completion of the Elephant Butte Dam very little increase in the irrigated area is expected, and no enlargement of the cultivated district has been noted [in 1913]. An abundance of water in the Elephant Butte Reservoir [in 1915], insuring a sufficient irrigation supply, has caused a number of property owners [in the Mesilla Valley] who heretofore have allowed their lands to lie idle to clear the land and put it in cultivation. Some of the large holdings are being subdivided and sold in comparatively small tracts.
During the year 1915, the Elephant Butte Water Users' Association [established] an office at Las Cruces, N. Mex., for the cooperative selling of lands in the New Mexico portion of the project. Lands [were] listed for sale and considerable project information distributed through this office. The results obtained were not deemed satisfactory, however, and [at the end of 1916] the work was discontinued and the bureau abolished.
[The drainage system Reclamation developed to correct the problem] consisted of 350 miles of deep, open drains. The plan called for the construction of 13 long main drains in the Mesilla Valley. The drains discharged into the river. By April 1916, sufficient right of way had been purchased to warrant putting a steam drag-line machine to work on the drains.
[In 1918, as in previous years,] the project lands were seriously affected by the rise of ground water, due to the overirrigation of cultivated lands and the lack of proper drainage works. Little attempt was made to interest outside settlers because of the condition of the lands. [By 1919], the results of drainage work accomplished were of such satisfactory extent as to give encouragement to settlement, particularly in the Mesilla Valley. A large number of land sales and transfers were effected, and although no attempt was made to interest outside settlers in the settlement of lands, because of their condition, quite a number of newcomers, who had previously been interested in project development, made purchases of tracts where protected by drains. A very small area of new land was placed in cultivation.
Land sales and transfers were particularly active during the winter [of 1919-20]. The successful operation of the drainage system, so far completed, in relieving seepage conditions was the principal cause of increased development. Tracts and farms which previously had been only partially developed, were plowed and leveled and placed in far better condition for cultivation. Although the total area in cultivation shows only a relatively small increase during the year, further development of older farms was carried on by new purchasers, and a general increase in project land values was experienced because of the demand for these lands.
[During 1920] the principal crop raised on the Rio Grande project was alfalfa [a kind of hay], with wheat and corn next. Crops that received increased attention during the year, and promise an important place in the future, are cotton, truck garden [vegetables shipped to local communities by truck], and fruits. The cotton acreage had previously been only a relatively few acres for experimental purposes. During the spring, over 20,000 acres were planted to cotton.
When the project construction began approximately 50 per cent of the area was in cultivation, the land receiving water through a large number of community-operated ditch systems. [In 1921], practically all of these community ditches have been turned over to and are now being operated by the Reclamation Service and have been partially or wholly reconstructed. This transfer of community ditches helped solve the drainage problem by reducing water use and limiting much waste in irrigation.
In 1924, the main features of the irrigation and drainage systems planned for the Rio Grande project [were] completed.
The abounding prosperity of the Rio Grande project in recent years has been due largely to the production of cotton. The value of the cotton crop is estimated at $12 million, which almost equals the cost of building the [dams and other irrigation] works. Alfalfa is next to cotton in acreage. Melons, pears, grapes, small fruits, and vegetables are extensively grown for local and eastern markets. All construction charges on this project have been promptly paid. The water users and civic organizations have been active in securing settlers.
There has been a marked increase [during 1923-1926] in the rate of agricultural settlement and development of the valley lands comprising the Rio Grande project. It is even more gratifying to note the steady healthy growth and permanent character of the farm improvements.
Of the 4,669 farms on the Rio Grande project [in 1927], 2,901 were operated by owners and 1,768 by tenants.
Questions for Reading 3
5. How did settlement of the Project proceed? What factors impeded new settlers from buying land? How long did it take before the irrigated area began to expand?
6. The Reclamation Act required Reclamation to submit a report on its activities to Congress every year. These annual reports are "primary sources," first-hand accounts written at the time of the events they describe. What advantages would documents like these have to historians? What disadvantages? Can you find any clues that suggest that these reports overstate the successes of the Project and minimize the problems? Documents written at the time by the water users' associations, by established farmers, by new settlers, or by tenants would also be primary sources. How might they differ from what was presented by Reclamation? How do you think a historian would go about reconciling these different accounts?
Reading 3 is compiled from the 1904 through 1932 Annual Reports of the Reclamation Service/Bureau of Reclamation.


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Western Farm Press and the California Association of Pest Control Advisers (CAPCA), whose members play a key role in California's $35 billion agricultural economy, have joined in a partnership to expand the availability of online continuing education courses for California's nearly 4,000 licensed pest control advisers.
The six online courses were developed by Western Farm Press, a Prism Business Media Inc. publication, and accredited for 14 hours by DPR, are now available through CAPCA's Web site at www.capca.com as well as www.westernfarmpress.com and www.farmpressuniversity.com
All courses are accredited for continuing education hours for not only Pest Control Advisers (AA), but the state's 17,000 Qualified Applicators (QAC, QAL), 18,000 licensed Private Applicators (PA) and almost 400 aerial applicators.
Four of the courses also are accredited for continuing education for private applicator/consultants licensed by the Arizona Department of Agriculture.
Most of the courses also are accredited for continuing education hours for both California and Arizona Certified Crop Advisers.
All courses are offered free on both websites.
In addition, Western Farm Press will become a major sponsor of CAPCA's annual conference, scheduled for October at Anaheim, Calif. The Western Farm Press online continuing education program will also be featured in an article in the pre-conference issue of the organization's official magazine, CAPCA Adviser.
The online courses are developed based on resources and information from experts and specialists at the University of California's Agricultural and Natural Resources Division and the University of Arizona College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Course topics range from pest management in almonds to insecticide and weed resistance management, pesticide handling safety, spray drift management and California's new groundwater protection regulations.
CAPCA tracks all continuing education courses for PCAs and other state of California licensees for the California Department of Pesticide Regulation and Certified Crop Advisers.
"This partnership responds to the growing demand for online continuing education opportunities from 80 percent of our organization's members in a recent survey," said Terry Stark, CAPCA executive director, "Our records indicate completions of Western Farm Press' online courses are double that of the next nearest online course provider. The combination of Western Farm Press' course development resources and proven track record of success make this alliance with Western Farm Press clearly a win-win situation for our organizations."
"We're pleased to be working with CAPCA to expand the availability of online continuing education courses via its Web site," added Greg Frey, publisher of Western Farm Press. "Over the past few years, the agricultural world has clearly recognized that the 24/7 convenience of online CEUs allows professionals to attend classes and earn continuing education units, without having to be away from the job."
The courses allow participants to review a series of text sections, followed by questions. All questions must be answered correctly to complete the course. As participants complete courses, they notify an online administrator at Western Farm Press, which reports credit information to Cal-EPA, Arizona Department of Agriculture and CCA.
Western Farm Press offered its first online continuing education course in 2004. Since then more than 4,200 Farm Press online CEUs have been completed to date. The courses are free, based on sponsorship of Western Farm Press' major advertisers, including Bayer CropScience, Dow AgroSciences, Valent USA, DuPont, Chemtura and Monsanto.
Other Prism publications providing online CEU courses include the Southwest Farm Press, whose courses are certified by the Texas and Oklahoma Departments of Agriculture. In addition, a national American Society of Agronomy CCA course is available on Prism's Corn and Soybean Digest™, Farm Industry News, Apply, Delta Farm Press, Southeast Farm Press and Southwest Farm Press Web sites.
e-mail: [email protected]

subset: commoncrawl


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BOSTON — Tempers were flaring and his team had already racked up 21 minutes of penalties through just a little more than 28 minutes of game time.
Winger Milan Lucic had been responsible for four of those penalty minutes with a pair of roughing calls. So when he spun through the neutral zone and long-time nemesis Mike Komisarek stepped up at the Canadiens' blue line and threw a hit that caught Lucic in the numbers, it wasn't surprising to see the second-year winger snapped a bit.
Lucic chased the Montreal defenseman deep into the Habs' zone — where Boston tough guy Shawn Thornton had already gone after Komisarek. When Lucic got near his target, he wrapped his arms around Komisarek's face from behind and scored a takedown. Not much ensued after that and Komisarek seemed to avoid injury. But whether Lucic avoids suspension will be determined by how much NHL disciplinarian Colin Campbell is willing to chalk it up to heat-of-the-moment and also accept Lucic's admittance of wrongdoing after the Bruins' 5-4 overtime win tonight at TD Banknorth Garden.
"Not much," Lucic said when asked what he was thinking during his pursuit of Komisarek. "I mean, looking back, maybe I shouldn't have went to that extreme. Maybe I lost my temper a little bit. But it's part of the game and it happens."
The Bruins totaled 41 penalty minutes in the game, but just two occured in the final 20 minutes plus overtime. Boston killed off that one Montreal power play late in the third and early in overtime and then finished off the Habs on Mark Recchi's goal.
"It got a little emotional there but I think we did a good job of keeping our cool," said Lucic. "And I think we refocused and did what we needed to do to get back out there and get the win because that was the most important thing for tonight. And I think we played hard and we stuck up for one another and we got two points out of it."


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West Virginia is giving hunters incentives to kill female deer instead of bucks in a move to reduce the animal's population.
The state Natural Resources Commission has created a new three-day firearm season for antlerless deer in late October, before mating season.
The commission also has increased the number of deer hunters can kill from one to two a day. At least one deer must be antlerless.
The Charleston Gazette reports that the changes are part of new hunting regulations approved Sunday.
Another change is a statewide bag limit of seven deer during urban hunting seasons. The regulation replaces municipal bag limits that varied from town to town.
Only two bucks can be killed during an urban season. The rest must be antlerless deer.


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Reviewed By Epi S (SPRINGFIELD, MA) Reviewed for a 2007 Dodge Charger —1/1/2014 5:43 AM
Ever since I installed the gt tuner it has been causing my car to go into limp mode. This feature needs to be fixed cause it can damage my tranny.so I had to disable it to see if it really was the tuner and it is. It hasn't gone into limp mode since I returned my car to stock


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For nearly three decades my hunting buddies and I have tried to plan our fall vacations around the rut. We've had years when our trips were scheduled a few days before the rutting action really got cranked up and we've had seasons when we missed the peak of the rut by a week. But when we started our marathon hunting trip in southern New York State we hit it just right when the majority of the deer we'd glassed while scouting for opening day turned out to be bucks.
"That's a great sign," my brother-in-law Charlie said as he looked at two bucks standing on the edge of a clover field with the binoculars. "When you see bucks cruising like this in the middle of the day you know you've probably hit the rut just right."
Neither of these bucks, which both sported small four- or six-point racks, were the big one we were hoping to see from the tree stand on opening day. However, just seeing them was a positive sign that the rut was in full swing.
"Look up on that hill right there," I said to my nephew as we watched the bucks. "That's where we're gonna put your tree stand......You're gonna be hunting the lower right edge of that pine grove."
"That's not very far from where those bucks are," John replied with a smile as he rubbed his hands together. "If those bucks just work up through that hardwood patch they'd be close to where my stand will be."
I stopped the truck and took a moment to show him how the terrain created a natural pinch point that made the deer funnel toward the edge of that pine grove that we could see up on the hill.
"We'll go up there in a couple hours and we'll show you all the major deer trails that funnel by those pines," Charlie told him. "We've been hunting that spot for 10 years or more and have rattled in a bunch of bucks and filled a ton of deer tags right there."
As we drove around checking out a few other locations we tried to explain to my nephew that all the bucks on that hill would be cruising for does and if you stayed in your tree stand all day overlooking that funnel area eventually you'd get a chance at a good buck.
We glassed a few more deer, including a decent buck that we spotted close to the area Charlie liked to hunt, before we decided to drive up on the hill and set up our tree stands.
"Remember one thing," I advised my nephew, "you've got to make sure your tree stand is as comfortable as you can make it, so you can stand to sit there from daylight to dark."
We unloaded the stands from the truck and headed off in our own directions to get our stands set up.
I headed off to a location I've had success hunting for many seasons. Once there, I attached two four-foot sections of ladder on my stand and pushed it up on an ash tree that afforded me a 365-degree view of a natural pinch point between a steep bank and a softwood thicket that you can barely walk through.
With the stand in place, I wrapped the rail with a camo cover that helped conceal the stand. Then I attached a camo tree umbrella high enough on the tree so I could stand up in the stand without hitting my head while still offering me protection from the snow and rain.
Both Charlie and John made quick work of getting their stands up too.
"Are you guys happy with your stands?" I asked.
John nodded with a big grin. I'm sure he was thinking back to last season when I took him along on this same hunt when he took his first buck from a stand close to the same spot. Charlie put his stand up in a spot he'd been talking about trying for nearly 10 years. He was hopeful that moving his stand a few hundred yards from the area he's hunted for a number of years.
It was sunny and in the 60s when we set up our tree stands, however, on opening day it poured rain the entire day. I tried rattling, I tried grunting, but with the heavy rain the deer just weren't moving. We all managed to stay in our tree stands all day.
The following day it got cold, really cold and the wind blew hard, gusting up to 40 miles an hour. Again I tried rattling, however, with the wind blowing that hard and sleet and freezing rain falling the sounds of the antlers and grunt call didn't carry very far.
After that a front came in bringing even colder air and heavy snow. Charlie and I stayed in our stands all day long and eventually we both saw deer from the stands.
With several inches on the ground, the snow began to taper off when I took out the rattling horns and grunt call. Every 20 minutes or so I'd rattle hard for about a minute, grunting a few times as I slapped the horns together.
After a few sequences I was looking across a wide hardwood flat when something caught my eye. As I watched through the trees I spotted a deer, then behind it was another deer sporting a tall wide rack.
I rattled lightly, however, the big buck followed the doe down the bank and with it my hopes for filling my buck tag with a wide-racked monster.
The weather during our opening weekend New York trip was awful. Nonetheless, all three of us saw deer and came close to filling our tags on that weekend.
"That was the worst weather I've ever hunted in," Charlie revealed. "But we were still able to hunt all day from our tree stands."
We've already made our reservation for next year's opening weekend and even though the weather probably won't be as bad as it was this year, we've already made plans to make our tree stands even more comfortable so we can stand to sit in them all day long, no matter what the weather is.
Pat Rollins writes on the outdoors for Foster's Daily Democrat.
Timing the rut just right
For nearly three decades my hunting buddies and I have tried to plan our fall vacations around the rut. We've had years when our trips were scheduled a few days before the rutting action really got cranked up and we've had seasons when we missed the peak of the rut by a week. But when we started our marathon hunting trip in southern New York State we hit it just right when the majority of the deer we'd glassed while scouting for opening day turned out to be bucks.


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TOKYO (AP) — JCG Corp., a Japanese engineering company, and French oilfield services company Technip S.A. have won a contract for a liquefied natural gas plant in central Russia, the companies said Wednesday.
The consortium between JCG and Technip will provide cost estimates and engineering services for an LNG plant in central Russia's Yamal Peninsula that is being built by JSC Yamal, a joint venture between Russia's Novatek and Total of France.
The value of the deal was not disclosed. It is JCG's first in Russia and a first step in entering Russia's LNG industry as Japan and Russia put a decades old territorial dispute aside for the sake of economic cooperation, especially in energy.
Japan is keen to expand its access to lower-cost natural gas to meet rising demand due to the suspension of almost all its nuclear power generation following the Fukushima Dai-Ichi nuclear plant disaster.
Russia, meanwhile, is seeking to expand sales of natural gas in Asia. Since Yamal is in the far north, if the project is built, LNG shipments would go to Asia during the summer months and to Europe during the winter, the financial newspaper Nihon Keizai Shimbun reported.
Assuming the project is deemed feasible, JCG and Technip would build the plant with an annual capacity of 16.5 million tons. That would amount to about a fifth of Japan's total consumption, the report said.


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The brains of children have been imprinted with the memory of bombings and maimed bodies and the realization of life's fragility.
Patriot's Day in Boston is commemorative of our seeking independence from England in the 18th century and recalling our country's Founding Fathers who proclaimed the fundamental truths of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
We liked the day when we were kids, because in Massachusetts it was a holiday with no school. We often forgot what the reason for that was because the big news was the annual running of the 26.2 mile Boston Marathon that started in 1897.
It was a day of colorful flags, hot dog vendors and fun. Runners, who had trained for months and years, came from around the world to participate in what has become one of the most prestigious of races. Watching the thousands of athletic bodies lined up, the miracle always seemed to be that they didn't crush each other, but over several hours the group thinned and we'd cheer all those who made it up Heartbreak Hill and to the finish line in downtown Boston, as if they were Olympic champions.
This Patriot's Day afternoon, while I was opening my computer to check email, the AOL home page was showing pictures of an explosion in Boston that had occurred at 2:50 p.m. I dashed to the evening news that my husband found on TV. We sat stunned, hearing how two bombs had exploded a few hundred yards from the marathon's finish line near the historic Boston Public Library.
Meanwhile the CNN ribbon was telling us of 23,000 runners, three deaths, one an 8-year-old child and additional children in the more than 150 injured. Pictures-of blood splashed streets, injured fallen people — some legless — and ambulances with stretchers being filled had us in shock. I quickly reached for the phone to check on our Boston family.
Our daughter, Carla, had been at the marathon at the race's midpoint, Wellesley, with her enterprising Matthew who had raised $50 for his middle school project by handing out free water to runners and getting money from a thirsty crowd. However, our dear 15-year-old grandchild Michaela, on a first foray into Boston without adult supervision, had been with three friends within 50 yards of the detonation spot.
They had decided to appease their teenage stomachs and gone for food. Halfway up a side street they heard and felt the frightening explosion of two bombs. They eventually had worked their way, managing not to get separated, through the chaos, screams and disruption and reached home by late afternoon; shaken, but safe. Shocked that this could happen in our Boston, my husband and I watched the tragedy on mesmerizing reruns for hours into the night.
As an 80-year-old grandmother, I grew up in an age when children were confident that we would have a long life. Death happened to an old relative or a beloved pet. We assumed we would always have the liberty just to walk through any door with our friends and we thought the pursuit of happiness was getting an "A" on a math test.
Today I am furious, sad and my heart cries out! I am furious that some individual or group has, again, caused disruption of our way of life that our early patriots paid a dear price to achieve and for which so many millions of lives have been sacrificed. I am sad for the segment of the 23,000 athletes who worked arduously to fulfill the dream of running the Boston Marathon and whose plans may have been aborted.
However, my heart cries out for children all over the world, from Afghanistan to Syria and beyond, and now including my grandchild. Their brains have been imprinted with the memory of bombings and maimed bodies and their souls have been seared by the childhood-killing realization of the fragility of life.
That this change to our sense of liberty as Americans should happen again, as it did on 9/11, on a brisk, sunny, perfect New England day, is one of the real tragedies of this heinous event.
Natalie S. Small is a retired pediatric mental health counselor who lives in Gainesville.


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Boss Man wrote:When you post messages, please don't put a message on the board, then copy / paste it somewhere else, it can cause problems.
This is not me having a go at newbies, but if you get two responses to the same question, on different board areas, certain things can happen like,
A: The responses may greatly differ, causing confusion for you, as one responder isn't aware of the others message, and this may cause confusion for them too.
B: The answers could be very similar, meaning whoever posted theirs second, is wasting some of their time, when they don't have to, answering something that's been answered elsewhere, in the same kind of way.
This means if their time is limited, they could then be doing that, instead of answering another question instead.
I appreciate sometimes you feel you might get your questions overlooked, and yes occasionally that happens, which is just human error, not a load of people ignoring you, or on rare occasions, it could be a very specialised question, and maybe only 1 or 2 people can help you, and they might not be around for 1-2 days perhaps. Life circumstances dictating.
So this means you have to be patient on boards like this, and not think you'll get responses quickly. Often you do get one within 30 minutes to 6 hours, sometimes it can be 24-36 hours, possibly longer, but 99% of the time, you'll get one, and we do try to help, and we do care, but we are human, so sometimes things get overlooked, or a question is too difficult to answer.
We can't and shouldn't have to apologise for that, that's the same for all messageboards, we're no different, that's part of the messageboard culture.
Hopefully you understand. As new members as long as you respect this board and others, and don't act huffy or rude etc etc, then we want you to participate, feel involved, and enjoy being part of this site, but you just have to sometimes think before you post, that's all we ask, as it's a two way thing, and we try as much as possible to do that for you.
You support and respect this site, we'll do what we can to support and respect you, as much as can be possible.
Hopefully you understand.
Best wishes, and thank you for joining. Even if you ask a load of stuff, you still make a difference, and it is appreciated.
already happand to me anyways thanks for sharing.......


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(This is from the SQLTeam forums. I noticed a reply of mine to a user's problem might be useful to others .. so here it is!)
Here's one way to implement a search, similar to Google's, if you don't want to (or can't) use full text indexing. This allows you to pass a string of words, and indicate that either ALL words must match, ANY must match, or the exact string must match.
This is a stripped-down, highly edited version of code I wrote a while ago here at work. This will perform a search in the table "SomeTable", checking the text in the column "SomeColumn".
Use only if you are not searching lots of rows -- less than a few thousand should be fairly efficient; any more than that and you should use SQL's text indexing features.
create procedure SearchSample @SearchString varchar(200), @MatchType int = 0
-- SeachString: String of 1 or more search terms, all separated by spaces
-- MatchType: 0=match any, 1 =match all, 2 = exact match of entire expression only
-- Results are returned in order of relevance
declare @i1 int;
declare @i2 int;
declare @Word varchar(100);
declare @Words table (Word varchar(100) not null);
declare @WordCount as integer;
set nocount on
-- Parse the SearchString to extract all words:
if (@MatchType != 2)
set @SearchString = ' ' + @SearchString + ' ';
set @i1 = 1;
while (@i1 != 0)
set @i2=charindex(' ', @SearchString, @i1+1)
if (@i2 != 0)
set @Word = rtrim(ltrim(substring(@SearchString, @i1+1, @i2-@i1)))
if @Word != '' insert into @Words select @Word
set @i1 = @i2
insert into @Words select ltrim(rtrim(@SearchString))
-- Get the total # of words:
set @WordCount = (select count(*) from @Words)
-- Return Results in order of relevance:
a.MatchPct, T.*
SomeTable T
inner join
ID, Count(*) * 1.0 / @WordCount as MatchPct
SomeTable T
inner join
@Words W on ' ' + T.SomeColumn + ' ' like '%[^a-z]' + Word + '[^a-z]%'
group by
) a on T.ID = a.ID
MatchPct = 1 or @MatchType <>1
order by
Print | posted on Tuesday, November 02, 2004 4:35 PM |
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Copyright © Jeff Smith


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Beaumont/Port Arthur
With an undefeated season and a national championship under their belts, the Blue Bulldogs, an under 8 peewee football team in Beaumont, gathered in the council chambers Tuesday, Feb 12, to be honored by Mayor Becky Ames and the Beaumont City Council.
The team is part of the Intermediate Football League in Beaumont, boasting a full staff of coaches and at least 27 players ages 8 or younger.
While we harbor no disrespect for the Wall Street Journal who called us "that scrappy little paper from Southeast Texas," we prefer to think of ourselves as simple seekers of the truth. We're of the opinion that headlines and sound bites never tell the whole story. Our readers demand all the facts, facets and flavors of every story or event. And, they expect to be informed, educated and stirred to action.
For this week's New York Times crossword puzzle, pick up a copy of this week's The Examiner on newsstands now.


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In this chapter from "Strength to Love,"Dr. King proclaims that God is able to do anything. He asserts that while man's intellect and natural disasters may cause us to question God, He is omnipotent.
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Negaprion brevirostris
|Scope: Global
Language: English
|Scientific Name:
|Negaprion brevirostris (Poey, 1868)
Common Name(s):
Hypoprion brevirostris Poey, 1868
|Red List Category & Criteria:
|Near Threatened ver 3.1
|Year Published:
|Date Assessed:
Needs updating
|Sundström, L.F.
|Musick, J.A. & Fowler, S.L.
This assessment is based on the information published in the 2005 shark status survey (Fowler et al. 2005).
The Lemon Shark (Negaprion brevirostris) is a large coastal shark that is common in the Atlantic Ocean along the coasts of the United States to Brazil and possibly in some areas on the West African coast, as well as in the Pacific from Baja California to Ecuador. Young sharks are highly site attached but adults may undertake long migrations, possibly to deeper waters at the onset of winter. The species is caught both in commercial and recreational fisheries, but no management plans are implemented.
|Previously published Red List assessments:
|Range Description:
|This inshore species is common along the coasts in the Atlantic Ocean ranging from the US in the north down to southern Brazil and possibly in some areas on the West African Coast. It is not known whether these populations are the same species (Compagno 1984). Lemon Sharks also occur in the Pacific Ocean from Baja California in the north to Ecuador in the south.
|Countries occurrence:
Native:Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Aruba; Bahamas; Barbados; Belize; Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Saba, Sint Eustatius); Brazil; Cayman Islands; Costa Rica; Cuba; Curaçao; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; El Salvador; French Guiana; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Guatemala; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Jamaica; Martinique; Mexico; Montserrat; Nicaragua; Panama; Puerto Rico; Saint Barthélemy; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Martin (French part); Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Sint Maarten (Dutch part); Suriname; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos Islands; United States (Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia); Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Virgin Islands, British; Virgin Islands, U.S.
|FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Atlantic – eastern central; Atlantic – southwest; Atlantic – northwest; Atlantic – western central; Atlantic – southeast; Pacific – eastern central; Pacific – southeast
|Additional data:
|Range Map:
|Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
|Current Population Trend:
|Additional data:
|Habitat and Ecology:
|The Lemon Shark inhabits shallow waters around coral keys, mangrove fringes, around docks, on sand or coral mud bottoms, in saline creeks, in enclosed sounds or bays and in river mouths. It may enter fresh water but has not been found far up in rivers (Compagno 1984b). Occasionally it ventures into the open ocean and has been found down at depths of at least 90 m (Springer 1950).
Mating occurs during spring and summer with parturition in shallow nursery grounds the following year after a 10-12 month gestation period (Bigelow and Schroeder 1948, Springer 1950, Clark and von Schmidt 1965). The female Lemon Shark gives birth to 4-17 young (Clark and von Schmidt 1965, Compagno 1984b) of 50-60 cm TL (Gruber and Stout 1983, Brown and Gruber 1988). Maturity is reached at 225 cm (males) and 235 cm (females) or at an age of 12 and 13 years, respectively (Compagno 1984b, Brown and Gruber 1988). Growth follows the von Bertalanffy equation (Brown and Gruber 1988):
PCL = 317.65 × (1-e -0.057 (t + 2.302)), n = 110, r2 = 0.99 , where PCL is precaudal length (m) at time t (yrs).
This equation assumes the maximum length to be 317 cm, but the lemon shark can become bigger. Hueter and Gruber (1982) examined a 368 cm large male. The normal size range of the adult is 250-290 cm with females being slightly bigger than males (Brown and Gruber 1988) but sizes of up to 3 m or more are not unusual (Clark and von Schmidt 1965). At this size the shark would have a weight of approximately 250 kg (Gruber 1984) and is probably more than 30 years old.
Activity space ranges from a few km² in the highly site-attached juveniles (Morrissey and Gruber 1993a) up to several hundred km² in the more active adults (Compagno 1984b). Juvenile Lemon Sharks appear to select shallow (0-50 cm) and warmer water (30°C or more). They also prefer rocky or sandy substrate (Morrissey and Gruber 1993b). Almost all field research on the Lemon Shark originates from the waters in and around the Bimini Lagoon, Bahamas where a high annual, density-dependent mortality rate (35-62%) for young-of-the-year Lemon Sharks was found (Gruber et al. 2001). This is probably due to predation by larger sharks (Manire and Gruber 1993). Jacobsen (1987) suggested that the same area could support about 250 juveniles while Henningsen and Gruber (1985) estimated the population to be around 500 specimens with a density of five sharks per km². The annual production of these Lemon Sharks was 320 kg corresponding to about 0.3 g of new Lemon Shark tissue for every m² of lagoon (Henningsen 1989). Later, Gruber et al. (2001) estimated that the maximum number of juveniles that could survive each year in the Bimini Lagoon was 30. Young Lemon Sharks feed mainly on teleosts, crustaceans (small portunid crabs and panaeid shrimp) and octopods. As they grow the diet becomes dominated by teleost and cartilaginous fishes and the adults even eat sea birds (Springer 1950, Cortés and Gruber 1990). The energy consumed and later used for growth depends on the daily feeding rate but maximum conversion rate is probably close to 25% (Cortés and Gruber 1994).
|Freshwater; Marine
|Use and Trade:
|Caught commercially on longlines and the meat is dried, salted, or smoked. The fins fetch a very high price. Also caught in recreational fishing. The Lemon Shark is a popular aquarium species and it is also used extensively for research purposes.
|Major Threat(s):
|Lemon Sharks are caught commercially on longlines and the meat is dried, salted, or smoked. The fins fetch a very high price. The Lemon Shark is consumed in the United States and in Central and South America (Rose 1996). The rough and heavy skin has made the lemon shark preferable among tanneries for the production of leather. However, it is not included in TRAFFIC Network's list of species frequently appearing in available information on worldwide shark fisheries (Rose 1996). It is a target species in Belize, Mexico and USA and reported as bycatch in St Lucia (Oliver 1996, Anon. 1997). Lemon Sharks were seen at a fish market in Cameroon in 1991, but not since then (C. Grist pers. comm.). The species is also caught in recreational fishing and was reported as the 13th most common shark species in the US recreational fishery (Casey and Hoey 1985). A decrease in the number of juvenile Lemon Sharks between 1986-1989 in the lower Florida Keys may have been caused by several years of shark fishing tournaments and 20 years of targeting with gillnets affecting the return of females to bear new litters (Manire and Gruber 1990). The Lemon Shark is a popular aquarium species and it is also used extensively for research purposes. Lemon Sharks used to be common in the western Atlantic, from New Jersey, USA to Brazil, but lately their numbers have been depleted, especially around Florida (S.H. Gruber pers. comm.).
|Conservation Actions:
|There are no management plans in place for the Lemon Shark. Some research, however, has dealt with related issues so there is a base of knowledge should a plan ever be implemented.
|Sundström, L.F. 2015. Negaprion brevirostris. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T39380A81769233. . Downloaded on 19 September 2018.
|To make use of this information, please check the <Terms of Use>.
|If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown on this page, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided


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SOCHI, Russia (AP) — Sochi: the final frontier. These are the voyages of the bobsled USA-1.
If the American bobsled team finds itself in a jam at the Sochi Games, it appears they can call on Capt. James Tiberius Kirk to get them out of it.
William Shatner is an avid Olympic fan, and he's been tweeting out congratulatory messages to the medal winners this weekend. But he seems to have particular interest in the USA bobsled team, especially after seeing a picture circulate of McKinney, Texas, native Johnny Quinn breaking through a bathroom door after he was locked in.
"Please send my best wishes to your teammates," Shatner tweets to American bobsledder Nick Cunningham, a native of Monterey, Calif. "And no more broken doors! Make sure you save a piece of the door to show your kids."
"Eating beef jerky, listening to @Jason_Aldean, tweeting with @WilliamShatner.... not a bad morning at the @Olympics," Cunningham tweets.
-- Jon Krawczynski -- Twitter http://twitter.com/APKrawczynski
Associated Press reporters will be filing dispatches about happenings in and around Sochi during the 2014 Winter Games. Follow AP journalists covering the Olympics on Twitter: http://apne.ws/1c3WMiu


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Goodbye, Goodbye
"Goodbye, Bella." He whispered, before closing his eyes again. His hand began to lose its grip on mine, and I held it tightly to me like it could somehow stop him from leaving me. Bella has always known this day would come, but that hasn't prepared her any better for it. Can she handle saying a final goodbye to someone so important in her human life, whilst she lives on forever? And why is Edward absent in her hour of need?
1. Consequences
Rating 0/5 Word Count 1291 Review this Chapter
I held his withered hand in mine, and tried to keep the fake, plastic smile on my face. I wouldn't let his last moments be filled with my pain- this time wasn't about me. He tried to smile back, but the tears coursing down the rough lines etched into his face ruined all his efforts. His lips quivered a few time, as if he was in pain. His hand was suddenly tighter on mine, but I couldn't do the same for fear of breaking the ancient, brittle bones holding his hand together.
The tears dripped off his face and onto the simple hospital bed sheets that were pulled up tight to his chin. He did nothing to try and brush them away. Instead he blinked once more, for longer than was necessary, and stared straight into my anxious golden eyes.
"Goodbye, Bella." He almost whispered, before closing his eyes again. His hand began to lose its grip on mine, and I held it tightly to me like it could somehow stop him from leaving me.
It was too late- he was gone.
I had always known this day would come. I would do anything to distract myself when the topic found its way into my mind again, but in truth it never left. If I could have slept, it would have been the subject of my darkest nightmares. Instead, it took refuge in my subconscious- ready to emerge at any time.
When Alice had told me that it was near, it took me too long to believe. I spent so much time alone, trying to come to terms with what was going to happen when I could have been fighting it. I should have been spending those rapidly dwindling hours with him before he left my life forever.Just like how I had left his.
I blamed Edward. I could barely even admit it to myself, but that didn't make it any less true. If it wasn't for him, I would never have to worry about saying goodbye to any of my family and friends like this, whilst I lived on immortal and unstoppable. If he hadn't been so irresistible, I could have lived life the way it was supposed to be lived. My human existence had seemed like a fine exchange when the time had come for me to join the Cullens. It still did, most days, when Edward and I would spend hours in our own happy little world. We would talk about everything and nothing, travelled to the greatest sights and to the corner shop. It still surprised me how in fifty odd years of such a life, we had never for a second been bored together. It was the complete opposite- whenever he absolutely had to spend time away from me, time suddenly meant something again. Seconds, minutes and hours added up and sat heavily on my shoulders. Nothing would hold my interest longer than a few minutes. If it ever stretched to days, the distance itself would become unbearable. Thankfully, he had only ever had to leave me once for such a length of time.
Now someone else I loved would leave me for even longer.
It was one of the few occasions I didn't miss my old truck. I drove to the airport, as I couldn't risk running down the busy city streets. Edward and I loved New York- his family's bottomless bank account meant that we could live close to the centre of the city in comfort. I hardly ever had to see green, unless I took a shortcut through Central Park whilst Edward could keep up with the ever-shifting music scene. La Vie Bohème still attracted many hard-done by musicians to the city's many night venues. I barely missed sleep, as there was so much to do here at all hours of the day. It was a longer way to travel to hunt, I reminded myself as I fixed the rear view mirror and caught a glimpse of my darkening golden irises, but it was most definitely worth it.
The plane journey was uneventful. The enclosed compartment reminded me momentarily of the journey back from Italy, with Edward. My hand brushed across the empty seat beside me. There had been two tickets in my bag, but only one of them ended up being used. He couldn't read my mind but he didn't have to to understand what I felt about his connection with what I was doing here today. I was careful to keep my face empty of emotion whilst I was so close to other passengers- my features attracted enough attention already. I swallowed back the pain, along with all the water the air hostess would bring me (a poor way to slake my thirst), and wished that I could just sleep the next few hours away.
It was hard to get a rental car when I landed in Washington, seeing as I was so obviously still in my teens. I had to flash my passport at a number of suspicious officials before they would believe I was anything close to twenty-one. Finally, I was handed the keys to a blue Honda. It annoyed me that trivial things cut down my already limited time- why hadn't I left before? When I was at home with Edward, it had seemed like such an impossible idea. Now I was in Washington, everything felt so much more real. The endless ferns at the side of the road pressed in on me as I sped to my final destination, making me claustrophobic as well as edgy.
The La Push hospital almost exactly as I remembered it- a few more potted plants had been put around the place and the receptionist was new, but otherwise it was the same. I had been here when Jake's first child had been born, though he'd had no idea. Edward had told me, with a grimace, that if it was a girl he was set on calling it Bella. He had seriously edited the thoughts Jake was having when he held his little child for the first time, which had annoyed me. I had understood, though. It had been hard enough getting him to come with me. In the end, Jake had a little boy. They called him Billy, after his granddad, and he was nearly sixteen now. I kept an eye on him, especially since his dad went through his second divorce- and had bought him his first motorcycle.
"Room twelve, up the hall." A thickset male nurse had told me, when I asked for what room the patient I was searching for was in. "I don't think he has much longer left in him, I'm sorry to say. You got here just in time."
I bit my lip with all my strength to stop me crying out. I nodded quickly, and almost ran in the direction he had been pointing in. How had it come to this? I wondered silently as I counted the doors. How had my decision to move to Forks ever ended with this?
Finally, the pair of dull numbers stuck onto the bland hospital door told me to stop. I could lift skyscrapers, swim oceans and run marathons without breaking a sweat- but pushing open that thin plastic door took more strength from me than any of them.
The figure on the bed was scarily thin. It didn't suit him, the way his hair had only been reduced to a few wisps surrounding his ears. The shadows under his eyes were almost as pronounced as mine, and my stomach turned to lead when he focused his tired, yellowing eyes on my face.
"Hello, Charlie." I whispered, closing the door slowly behind me.
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Beach Theatre
1318 Atlantic Avenue,
Atlantic City,
2 people favorited this theater
A pre-World War I theater that was the last cinema to operate in Atlantic City (until the recent opening of an IMAX venue), staying open as an adult house until it was damaged by fire around 1990.
Recent comments (view all 35 comments)
New building at 1318 or the same building as in the 1980s photos? What do you think? Take a look at the same brick building to the left in both photos.
The building in Google street view does look like the Beach building in the 1981 photo, with some of the windows sealed up. The Bing Maps bird's eye view shows that there's auditorium behind it, too, and it looks quite old. The Beach has not been demolished— or at least hadn't been at the time the Google and Bing images were made.
My guess would be that is the same building. The dimensions are too similar, besides no one wants to build anything new on Atlantic Avenue at this point.
Here is another photo:
Looking a the bird's eye view from Bing that's definitely a theatre building there. The status of this one should be changed to "Closed."
As Roger Katz noted, the building still exists. I used to work a few doors down the street and frequented the stores there… the check cashing place is not connected to the theater… but the bodega and the tiny pizzeria are. Since 2nd floor space in AC is worthless, to my knowledge, only the first floor is utilized. The bodega is run by some Asians, but I can't remember their names… and if you enter the store, you can see how the floor slopes like the original theater entrance. Also, in the back of the store is a normally closed passageway that when opened, you can see into the theater itself, with its floor sloped down towards the screen.
Crazy Bob Maderas, was correct with the Beach Theater building was owned by Charles Tannenbaum, but leased, run, and operated by George Perry and Perry Management. It burnt down in the early 80s and never recovered. It was the last operating movie theater in Atlantic City and ran x-rated films at that time. It was actually a beautiful theater with balcony seats.
PAB lists this theater under CITY SQUARE THEATRE in Atlantic City, Atlantic County, NJ. No additional details are listed. The Embassy Theatre, City Square Theatre, Shore Theatre, and Beach Theatre were various names for the same theater. Stores were built in front of the theater but that building remains behind those stores. Jersey Discount now claims the 1318 Atlantic Avenue address. The back of the old theater can be viewed from Central Avenue.
TheAlan I grew up in AC and at least from 67 until it closed it was the Beach. The Embassy and Shore were two different theaters. The Embassy was part of the Apollo circuit chain along wioth the Strand and Apollo later sold to the dreadful Frank Theaters. The Shore along with the Hollywood, Center, Roxy and Virginia were part of the George A Hamid chain which also owned the Steel Pier and Million Dollar Pier.
Mikeoaklandpark: This theater was called the Shore from 1947 to 1952, and had opened as the Embassy Theatre in 1911. It became the City Square Theatre in the 1920s, and was the Beach Theatre from 1952 until closing.
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November 28. 2012 10:40PM
DEA, FBI join probe of assault on doctor, wife in their Bedford mansion
By MARK HAYWARD
New Hampshire Union Leader
Bedford invited to discuss assault at community meeting
BEDFORD - The FBI and federal Drug Enforcement Administration have joined the investigation into the assaults of Eduardo and Sonia Quesada, the anesthesiologist and his wife injured in their Bedford home this past weekend, an official said.
The two agencies provide resources that can be helpful in the investigation, said Hillsborough County Attorney Dennis Hogan, whose prosecutors are involved in the case.
"It's not unusual," Hogan said. "In fact, I can think of a lot of different cases where the FBI is there as a resource, and that's certainly the case here."
On Saturday night, police answered a call for a burglary in progress and found the Quesadas badly injured in their upscale home at 7 Proclamation Court. Dr. Quesada is believed to have suffered serious wounds to his head. Sonia Quesada's injuries were less severe, and authorities said Tuesday they hoped to interview her soon and develop a description of the assailant.
A 2-year-old child in the home was unharmed and was placed in the custody of a relative.
The federal agents join a host of others involved in the case, including Bedford Police, the New Hampshire State Police Major Crime Unit, the New Hampshire Attorney General's Office and Hillsborough County Sheriff deputies.
The DEA involvement means that Bedford Police Chief John Bryfonski has tapped the agency where he worked for about 17 years before taking the top job in Bedford last year.
"They have things within their agency that may be useful in the investigation," said Hogan, who would not elaborate further.
While police were called to the house for a burglary in progress, Bryfonski has said he has not ruled out other explanations for the assaults.
In November 2001, police had made an arrest at that address on a domestic-related assault charge, but charges were dropped and the record has been annulled, the chief has said. Police were called to the home about 10 p.m. Saturday. Police have said there is no indication that Bedford residents should feel any less safe than usual.


text: Local Abundance was founded on the simple philosophy that products that are good for you, are raised and harvested humanely from sustainable sources, and contain no artificial preservatives or additives, can also be the finest tasting products available on the market today. Local Abundance select only the finest quality, all-natural, fresh fish from sustainable sources. From Yakutat, Alaska and Portland, Maine to the small village of Urk in the Netherlands, their fish come to us fresh from small sustainable fisheries. Sustainability is the most important part of their business. And when it comes to fish, we search for independent boats that often fish with hook and line rather than nets. These small suppliers help Local Abundance to insure that every fish that they sell is positively fresh and of the highest quality. We think you'll agree that the difference is in the taste


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NEW YORK (AP) — CDW's stock climbed Thursday in the information technology company's first day of trading on the Nasdaq.
CDW rose $1.48, or 8.7 percent, to $18.48 in late morning trading Thursday after rising as high as $18.67 earlier.
The offering of about 23.3 million shares was priced at $17 per share. That was at the low end of its projected range of $17 to $18. CDW Corp. raised about $396 million from the IPO.
The underwriters have a 30-day option to buy up to an additional 3.5 million shares.
CDW said in a regulatory filing that it plans to use part of the net proceeds to redeem $156 million senior subordinated notes. It intends to use $24.4 million in proceeds for a one-time payment related to the termination of a management services agreement. The company also plans to use some of the proceeds to exercise its right under an equity clawback provision related to $175 million senior secured notes.
CDW reported 2012 net income of $119 million on revenue of $10.13 billion. In 2011, the Vernon Hills, Ill.-based company had net income of $17.1 million and revenue of $9.6 billion.
The shares are trading under the "CDW" ticker symbol.


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Philip Gourevitch, the new face of The Paris Review
By Annie Karni
When George Plimpton, founding editor of The Paris Review, passed away in 2003, some feared that without his charismatic public persona to carry it, his literary magazine would become like a body without a soul. Author Philip Gourevitch, staff writer at The New Yorker and author of the bestselling We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families: Stories from Rwanda (1998), put an end to the magazines existential doubts when he was named editor in March 2005, and moved the journals offices from Plimptons basement on the Upper East Side to a sunlit Tribeca loft.
Gourevitchs appointment had skeptics grumbling about how a journalist might change the content of a magazine known for publishing top-quality fiction, poetry, and interviews with writers discussing their craft. Gourevitch, who shares with Plimpton a literary presence that extends beyond his role at the magazine, said from the get-go that he had no desire to clomp around in his predecessors well-worn shoes. But they shared a common bottom line: to find and publish good writing.
Now with four issues under his belt, and with subscriptions up 50% since he was appointed editor, Gourevitch hasnt been forced to defend his editorial decisions. I caught up with Gourevitch in the magazines year-old Tribeca office on White Street as the summer issue hit bookstore shelves.
How has such a little magazine like The Paris Review become so well known?
Well, first of all, its just a really good name. It was named by the young Americans living in Paris who founded itH.L. Humes, Peter Matthiessen, and George Plimpton. They were living over there in the early 50s, and there was a kind of glamour to living in Paris. The dollar was strong, you could live this bohemian life for almost nothing.
And from the beginning, they managed to publish early work by authors who later, when they get to be famous, come to be known as emerging writers. Philip Roth, V.S. Naipul, Jeffrey Eugenides, Mona Simpson, Rick Moody Im going to forget someone and its going to seem like Im dissing them, but Im not. There were always visual portfolios. The magazine was always cool to look at. And from the beginning they started interviewing the most famous writers of the time.
Youve changed a lot about the magazine this past year, including the look.
It looks the same! People keep saying to me oh, you changed the look. I changed the size of the paper. Thats about it. I like to think that in that respect, the look of the magazine kind of reflects the attitude that Ive brought to its contents, too that it appears to be a departure from what was going on, but its actually highly tied into and kind of a tribute to its own traditions.
Is there a stronger focus on nonfiction now?
There was always nonfiction diaries, correspondence, memoirs, travelogues, and narrative accounts. That was a recurrent thing. The standard remains what it has always beenthat we should publish really interesting, exciting writing.
The first piece in the summer issue is an interview with Serbian terrorist Nikola Kavaja, which sounds like it would be very grave, but it was funny.
Its very funny. I suppose if Ive had difficulty with fiction in recent times, its the sense that fiction fails in its imagination to be anywhere near competitive with the outlandishness of actual people and eventsthe kind of raw scale of how people can actually be blunt about themselves, so this was a wonderful find. The guys a terrorist, hes an assassin, hes completely unapologetic. Hes something of what I guess people would call a sociopath. On the other hand, hes very direct. Hes blunt, hes funny, hes coarse, hes astute, and hes a good narrator.
In your own writing, it seems that you have a tendency to make readers examine what is naturally unpleasant to contemplate. Is that what you seek to publish?
I guess Im definitely interested in unlikely ways of seeing. Or ways that make you think, to put it simply. Looking at things that require you to think afresh or anew rather than simply confirming or restating your expectations or conventional wisdom.
Do you discover that more often in fiction or nonfiction?
I kind of dont care much about those categories. Im interested in good writing. If it comes as fiction, hooray, Im delighted. Im really proud of some of the fiction weve published. A couple of the debutsLisa Halliday, who was a complete first time publication, and Ben Percy in particular.
So unsolicited submissions are actually read?
Oh yeah. The unsolicited stuff, the pure slush, as its called, all gets read twice actually. But other times its us going out and asking writers what theyre up to, going to people whom we admire, or projects weve heard about.
Do you miss the foreign correspondents life?
Sure I do. But I was not into traveling incessantly. I really loved going out into the field, going out to report a story far away, but that can become kind of a habit, without every story itself being so interesting... I miss simply being intensely immersed in a story and figuring out how to write it. But I dont consider it something Ive set aside. I consider it something Ive added to.
Did you grow up in New York?
I was raised in Middletown, Connecticut, where my father taught philosophy at Wesleyan. My mother is a painter, who always exhibited in New York. She rented a loft on Duane Street. When we moved in there in 1978, the area had only recently been named Tribeca.
Although crime rates were quite high in the city back then, it was one of the safest neighborhoods in town because no mugger or burglar would think to find any victims down here after dark. Its been great to see the neighborhood evolve and to come back to it last year, bringing The Paris Review to its new digs.
You and your wife, New Yorker staff writer Larissa MacFarquhar, had a baby just before you took over as editor of the magazine. How do you balance two new ventures at once?
My daughter is 20 months old. I balance it by not really sleeping you really cannot imagine! Then again, compared to the amounts of traveling Ive been used to as a foreign correspondent, Im around my baby and awake far more than I could otherwise be. Shes a delight and so is the magazine so that makes pretty much anything manageable.
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Scientists who study the Arctic say they're worried that nations meeting this week to set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions aren't adequately considering how much carbon dioxide and methane could be released from the world's rapidly thawing permafrost.
Researchers have known the permafrost is warming for some time, but they've only recently begun to accurately measure just how much carbon is in the Earth's frozen regions. And they're only beginning to understand the consequences of such unanticipated greenhouse gas emissions, which weren't factored into the manmade emissions targets world leaders are considering this week at the United Nations climate talks in Doha, Qatar.
Permafrost, ground that stays frozen for at least two years in a row, stores vast amounts of decayed plant matter. As the Earth warms, that frozen organic matter thaws and is released in the former of carbon dioxide or, more troublingly, methane. Global warming is creating a feedback loop – as the Earth warms, higher temperatures put the permafrost at greater risk. And melting permafrost releases the very greenhouse gases that contribute to the Earth's warming.
As they learn more about the carbon in permafrost, scientists say the possible emissions must be factored into climate talks. A report issued this week by the U.N. Environment Program urges the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to assess the impact of permafrost carbon dioxide and methane emissions. The report relies heavily on research done in Alaska by scientists with the National Snow and Ice Data Center in Colorado and the University of Alaska Fairbanks.
"The message is that policymakers have to be aware of the possible consequences of an already changing world," said Vladimir Romanovsky of the University of Alaska Fairbanks. "And these kinds of concerns should be included in any kind of further plans to mitigate and adapt to these changes. We need to know more about any changes in permafrost in a more robust way to have good information to build our decisions."
Their research shows that the Earth's permafrost contains 1,700 gigatons of carbon as frozen organic matter. That's twice the carbon currently in the atmosphere.
"Permafrost is one of the keys to the planet's future, because it contains large stores of frozen organic matter that, if thawed and released into the atmosphere, would amplify current global warming and propel us to a warmer world," Achim Steiner, executive director of the U.N. Environment Program, said in a news release. "Its potential impact on the climate, ecosystems and infrastructure has been neglected for too long."
The report also recommended that nations with extensive permafrost – the United States, Canada, China and Russia – create national monitoring networks and make plans to mitigate the risks of thawing permafrost.
"The infrastructure we have now is not adequate to monitor future changes in permafrost," Kevin Schaefer, a research scientist at the National Snow and Ice Data Center and the report's lead author, said in a news release. "We need to greatly expand our current networks to monitor permafrost, which requires direct investment of money and resources by individual countries."
Policymakers also will need to plan to protect communities in the most vulnerable regions, Schaefer said, because thawing permafrost has consequences beyond the unexpected emissions that are warming the Earth.
Homes, businesses, roads and oil and gas infrastructure in Alaska and other parts of the far north were built on ground that stayed frozen. If the ground thaws, it could collapse. Already, some villages in Alaska have had to contend with the changing conditions.


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Rise of the Planet of the Apes
An animal-rights manifesto disguised as a prison-break movie.
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In the 1968 original Planet of the Apes (based on the French novel by Pierre Boulle), Charlton Heston's character, an astronaut stranded on a future Earth run by warlike primates, began the movie as a sneering cynic and ended it as an anguished humanist. Being imprisoned and mistreated by animals taught Heston's Taylor the value of his manhood. Caesar, the super-intelligent chimp protagonist of Rise of the Planet of the Apes (Twentieth Century Fox), follows the reverse trajectory: He's an ape who reclaims his animal nature after being imprisoned and mistreated by men. Whereas the original was a work of speculative science fiction—a chin-stroking fable about evolution in the nuclear age—this revisiting of the Planet of the Apes myth is an animal-rights manifesto disguised as a prison-break movie. And, unlike the murky 2001 Tim Burton reboot, this movie is a worthy claimant to the simian throne and the rare summer blockbuster that gets more, not less, fun as it goes along.
Rise of the Planet of the Apes is technically speaking a prequel to the '68 film, though any attempt to create continuity between their two universes feels comical. This movie takes place in the present day, where a young San Francisco scientist, Will (James Franco), is developing a gene therapy intended to boost brain function. Will is extra-motivated to hurry the process along, given that his father (John Lithgow) is in the middle stages of Alzheimer's disease. The formula is being lab-tested on chimpanzees, one of whom, a female nicknamed Bright Eyes, has been making unprecedented progress on ape intelligence tests.
But on the day of Will's presentation of the promising new drug to investors, his lab experiences the first of several spectacularly ill-timed security breaches. Bright Eyes breaks loose, crashes into the conference room mid-PowerPoint presentation, and is shot dead. As it turns out, the crazed chimp was only trying to protect her newborn son, whom Will (in spectacular security breach No. 2) subsequently takes home and raises as his own. The baby ape, Caesar, has inherited his mother's cognitive abilities and then some: He's soon fluent in sign language and capable of beating Will at chess.
Caesar—rendered in CGI as an infant and played as an adult by a motion-captured Andy Serkis—at first serves as a companion and surrogate child to Will and his veterinarian girlfriend (Freida Pinto). But as Caesar grows stronger and smarter, he (in an uncanny echo of the real-life chimp at the center of the recent documentary Project Nim) becomes unmanageably dangerous. He's eventually exiled to a grim primate center where the cruel boss (Brian Cox) looks on dispassionately as his sadistic son (Tom Felton) torments the new arrival with a cattle prod.
This long pseudo-scientific windup can be a slog at times. Franco's amiable but edgeless character is something of a blank slate, and a scene in which he clashes with the villainous head of his company's board (David Oyelowo) over funding for the experiment seems to recur in identical form every twenty minutes. But once the movie leaves behind the yammering of humans to concentrate on the near-wordless communication of apes, things pick up considerably. This engaging middle stretch is essentially Quest for Fire by way of Papillon: Through a wildly implausible yet satisfying series of plot developments, Caesar manages to put his fellow ape inmates on the fast track to evolution and to bust the whole havoc-wreaking lot of them out of the slammer.
The big action climax, in which a Caesar-led militia of chimps, gorillas, and orangutans does battle with helicopters and mounted policemen on the Golden Gate Bridge, is the kind of loopily glorious sequence that justifies the existence of the summer blockbuster. * The primate army, created through a mixture of motion-capture and digital animation, looks fantastic, and the fight choreography imaginatively explores the possibilities of ape vs. human warfare. Just as importantly, the apes' investment in their revolutionary struggle, and Caesar's existential dilemma as a not-quite-human, not-quite-ape, have been sufficiently well established that the outcome of the battle matters. When Will once again comes face-to-face with the chimp he once kept as a quasi-pet, we understand both his love for Caesar and the violence that love has unknowingly wrought.
That a movie starring a CGI chimp could attain this (or any) degree of emotional resonance is largely a gift of the performance of Andy Serkis, who's been called "the Charlie Chaplin of motion capture." Serkis, a 47-year-old English theater actor, played the role of the cave-dwelling Gollum in the Lord of the Rings movies, and also the titular beast in Peter Jackson's King Kong. It's impossible to know with certitude which of the gestures and expressions we see onscreen are Serkis' and which were added in post-production (though this making-of featurette offers a side-by-side glimpse at some pre- and post-production scenes).
All I know is that I cared about Caesar in a way I haven't about a computer-generated movie character since, well, Gollum. There's a debate brewing about whether motion-capture performances like Serkis' should be eligible for the Oscar. It's easy to see why flesh-and-blood actors might be wary about technological invasion of their turf, but Serkis' incarnation of the bitter, conflicted Caesar is nothing if not fleshly. Maybe Rise of the Planet of the Apes will serve as a liberatory manifesto not only for the downtrodden simians of the world but for the growing army of motion-capture actors in their electrode-dotted suits.
Correction, Aug. 10, 2011: The sentence originally stated that baboons were in the climactic last battle. They were orangutans. (Return to the corrected sentence.)


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New track from BeepCode.
Cheerful, light-hearted, frivolous song is about what can be the day of man. Song helps distract from the daily worries and sets a positive way. Sound: guitar, acoustic bass, drums, percussion, piano, and strings. Have a good day!
This track is included in the Happy Day Pack. You can save your money and buy four tracks with 50% discount.
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2 days ago
Bradford Challenge Cup Champions
The Challenge Cup final, the jewel of the English Rugby League crown hit Wales as Bradford ran out 22-20 winners over Leeds.
A packed to the rafters Millennium Stadium didn?t have to wait long for some action. Just minutes into the match Radford came away with the ball from a Leeds tackle and proceeded to run 40 metres to score. The video referee however ruled that Radford had stripped the ball and ruled no try.
Repeat sets and sustained pressure led up to the first try in the match just minutes later. A charging Vagana offloaded onto Vaikona who stepped his way into space drawing in the Leeds defender and putting Robbie Paul over to score.
Leeds worked their way back into the match through a piece of Brilliance from Gary Connolly. The Leeds star took the ball from dummy half and going across field ran through a hole and forced his way over. The video referee ruled the ball had been grounded properly and the scores were tied at 6 all.
The game remained deadlocked as Bradford and Leeds traded penalty goals until a Leeds bomb found the hands of Calderwood who hit the ball back to Chris McKenna to score. The video referee eventually ruled that McKenna had found a blade of grass in his struggle with Hape to ground the ball.
As the match settled down into a dogfight Leeds chances took a huge blow when Rob Burrow was taken from the field after a heavy tackle. Things got worse for Leeds when Bradford scored on the stroke of halftime. Deacon got a beautiful run around ball and then kicked the ball into the in goal with precision for Vanikolo to pounce on. Deacon followed up his good work converting from out wide to tie the scores up at 14 all at halftime.
Bradford took the lead again striking early in the second half. The Bulls got a repeat set and capitalised on the pressure as Jamie Peacock barged his way over the Leeds line. The video referee once again was used to check the grounding this time ruling a try to Bradford.
While Bradford continued to pack on the pressure they could only manage a penalty goal. The Bulls inability to take advantage cost them when Leeds forward David Furner bulldozed his way over to bring the Rhinos within 2 points and very much back into the contest.
In the end it was a grandstand finish as both sides showed desperation to take out the win. Leeds may look back and think what if though after opting not to take a shot at goal from a penalty in the Bradford half.
Bradford however deserved their win. They were able to dominate big portions of the match and then absorbed huge pressure in the last 10 minutes as Leeds had repeat set after repeat set in Bulls territory.


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This is the snowy bough cordless prelit garland that provides a light show while hung anywhere indoors or outdoors without requiring unsightly extension cords or proximity to an outlet. Available exclusively from Hammacher Schlemmer, the garland is decorated in rich white flocking suggestive of freshly fallen snow that has gathered on the boughs. It is festooned with 100 multicolored (blue, red, yellow, and green) LEDs that provide cheerful illumination while�nestled among dense greenery that replicate the growth patterns of actual conifer branches. The LEDs can be set to flash, slowly change from white to multicolor, or remain on steadily with either multicolor or all-white. Boughs are made of weather-resistant PVC that will last for years. An automatic timer turns the LEDs on for six hours and off for 18 hours. Requires three D batteries that will power the lights for an entire holiday season. Includes remote control. 6' L x 12" Diam. (8 lbs.)
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NEWTOWN, Conn. (AP) — The leader of the Connecticut town where 26 people were killed in a school shooting has called on state prosecutors to release recordings of 911 calls.
Newtown First Selectwoman Pat Llodra (LOH'-drah) told Hearst Connecticut Newspapers (http://bit.ly/1aBB7AA ) that releasing the recordings would end leaks to media outlets she says are painful. She compared the leaks to water torture.
The state's Freedom of Information Commission ruled in September that the recordings should be provided to The Associated Press, but a prosecutor asked for a stay while he appeals that order. A Superior Court judge said Nov. 8 he wants to hear the 911 recordings before ruling whether they can remain secret.
A hearing is set for Monday on whether the recordings can be sealed so he can access and hear them.
Information from: The News-Times, http://www.newstimes.com


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You will learn
In this tutorial you will learn how to deploy an extended app to the SAP Fiori launchpad. The key steps are:
By Gregor Wolf
Deploy your exteded app to the SAP Fiori launchpad
In this tutorial you will learn how to deploy an extended app to the SAP Fiori launchpad. The key steps are:
You successful tested the app you've extended in the [Add custom fields to a standard SAP Fiori app] tutorial? Now it is time to deploy it the SAP Cloud Platform.
Right click on the project and choose Deploy > Deploy to SAP Cloud Platform:
You should get the following pop-up. Keep the default settings. Confirm the screen by clicking deploy:
When the deploy was successful you can directly continue to register your extended app to the SAP Fiori launchpad. Click on the Register to SAP Fiori launchpad button to do so:
When the wizard starts, change the Description to
My Opportunities Extended:
On the next screen keep the Title as
My Opportunities and the Subtitle with
Click the Browse button and enter
opp to search for
opportunity related icons. Select the icon for
opportunities and click Done.
On the next screen select the items shown in the screenshot below. If you haven't used the SAP Fiori Launchpad yet there will be no other options available.
Click Next and Finish. You should get this confirmation:
Click the link Open SAP Fiori launchpad. On the button you find the new tile "My Opportunities Extended" in the Sample Group:
Congratulations, you've successfully added your extended app to the standard SAP Fiori launchpad.
Updated 01/12/2018
Contributors Provide Feedback
5 Min.


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By Alonso Soto and Leonardo Goy
BRASILIA (Reuters) - Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff is looking to cut power rates again, one year after her government shocked investors by strong-arming utility companies into reducing some of the world's highest electricity costs.
This time the plan is to keep the peace with power firms, two officials involved in the discussions told Reuters.
The government's move to pressure companies to lower charges in exchange for the renewal of their concessions last year helped ease electricity bills for household consumers. It did little, however, to slash costs for Brazil's industries and badly damaged Rousseff's rocky relationship with the private sector.
"The intention was good, but the way last year's measures were carried out was wrong," said one official, who asked for anonymity to speak freely. "We have learned from that."
The Rousseff administration has yet to figure out the details of how it will further cut energy charges. One of its options is to funnel more electricity into the open market where smelters and miners buy most of their energy, the two officials said. An increase in the supply of power in that market would push down prices on short-term contracts.
Rousseff, a leftist economist, is striving to recover business confidence undermined by the heavy-handed intervention in the electricity sector. Brazil badly needs to attract new investment to bolster an economy that has lost its star appeal with three years of subpar growth.
Her government has in recent months raised return rates on infrastructure concessions, lifted capital controls and vowed to rein in public spending. Critics say she continues to err by micromanaging the economy instead of allowing the free play of market forces.
When the government strong-armed most companies into lowering tariffs last year, it set off a share selloff that cost power companies billions of dollars in market capitalization. State-run Eletrobras saw its stock plummet more than 60 percent.
Utilities Cemig, Copel and Cesp declined to renew some of their concessions, which combined produce around 10,000 MW of electricity, roughly as much New Zealand's total power generation.
The plan under study would earmark for the open market up to 40 percent of the energy produced by these concessions, which expire between 2015 and 2017, said one of the officials who works directly with the energy sector.
In Brazil, roughly two thirds of the electricity is bought in long-term contracts at annual public auctions in the regulated market. The rest is traded on the open market.
"Nothing will be done before we have a broad discussion with all the players in a way that is transparent, predictable and with all the legal guarantees," said the other official who works in industrial policy.
In an email message to Reuters, the energy ministry did not deny or confirm whether the government is considering further energy rate cuts.
Its change in tactics has been welcomed by the private sector, but there are still doubts as to whether the government will stop meddling in the economy, experts say.
"The government's erratic policies have penalized the industry. These possible measures are a positive sign but the government needs to be more consistent," said Joisa Campanher Dutra, a professor at the Getulio Vargas Foundation and a former commissioner of Brazil's power regulator Aneel.
Concerns over unilateral changes in the terms of contracts and excessive government tinkering with tenders have dampened investors' interest in multibillion dollar auctions for road, airport and railway concessions this year.
The government denies it is interfering, but acknowledges that red tape is a major hurdle to getting things done in Brazil where industries struggle with faulty infrastructure, high taxes and rising output costs.
Lower power costs are crucial for Brazilian industry to increase much-needed investment in the commodities powerhouse, according to big companies currently in talks with the government to slash electricity charges.
"The government needs to fire up those animal spirits to get investments going," said Paulo Pedrosa, head of the country's association of large industrial energy consumers or Abrace. "Today those animal spirits look more like that of a house cat."
Electricity bills for large companies have fallen about 7.5 percent so far this year, far short of the 32 percent promised by the government, according to an Abrace survey of its members, which include miner Anglo American, ArcelorMittal and General Motors Co.
Some experts say the government should focus on lowering taxes to bring power costs down instead of bolstering the open market which does not necessarily guarantee cheaper energy.
Hydroelectric plants meet about 80 percent of Brazil's electricity demand, which makes supply and prices vulnerable to the level of rain in some areas of the country.
The open market price of electricity tripled early this year to more than 550 reais ($250) per MW/hour after a dry spell emptied reservoirs and raised the specter of rationing. Average prices in southeastern Brazil had stabilized to about 266 reais by late September, according to energy clearinghouse CCEE.
Sales taxes alone make up between 20 and 30 percent of Brazilians' energy bill, according to Acende Institute, an energy research center.
"They should tackle the taxes that make electricity in Brazil among the most expensive in the world," said Alexandre Furtado Montes, an analyst at Lopes Filho & Associados. "Prices in the open market depend on water reservoir levels."
(Writing by Alonso Soto; Editing by Anthony Boadle, Jim Marshall and Andrew Hay)


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Plantidote of the Day 2012-05-17
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Let me know if anyone plans to be at the Indiana Higher Education Cybersecurity Summit. Last year it was mostly a wank, geared more towards managers and not gearheads. I wanted to present something but the never got back to me.
More info at: http://www.indiana.edu/~cacrsum/
April 28-29, 2005
University Place Conference Center
Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis
850 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana
The diverse activities of academic institutions, like those of most organizations today, have grown fully dependent on a complex network of widely distributed computers, networks, and other information technology infrastructures.
Threats and attacks in cyberspace continue to rise in frequency, severity, sophistication, and impact. They compromise intellectual property and institutional data, disrupt critical systems, and deplete scarce fiscal resources. Indeed, several high-profile data releases have occurred in higher education over just the past year, and the reputation of security efforts in all of higher education was tarnished as a result.
Information security is a particular challenge for academic, governmental, and not-for-profit institutions. Meeting that challenge requires a focused and coordinated effort at the highest levels of leadership. Engagement in the discussion is a critical step in developing strategies that will deter attacks, reduce vulnerabilities, and help to ensure that disruptions are infrequent, of minimal duration, and cause the least damage possible.
The Indiana Higher Education Cybersecurity Summit brings together information assurance professionals from Indiana's leading universities and colleges and other public institutions to share best practices, research, trends, and innovations in information assurance. The program includes presentations on legal, policy, and audit issues, as well as several short presentations on practical security solutions.
Featured speakers at this year's Summit include:
Amit Yoran, "National Cybersecurity" (Keynote Speaker)
CEO, Yoran Enterprises
Former Director, National Cybersecurity Division, Department of Homeland Security. more>
Jack Suess, "Cybersecurity in Higher Education"
Chief Information Officer, University of Maryland-Baltimore County
Co-chair, Internet2/EDUCAUSE Computer and Network Security Task Force
Jim Bottum, "Cybersecurity on Campus: CIO Perspective"
Vice President for Information Technology and CIO, Purdue University
We hope you join us.
Mark S. Bruhn, CISSP, CISM
Chief IT Security and Policy Officer
Office of the Vice President for Information Technology and CIO
Associate Director, Center for Applied Cybersecurity Research (CACR)
Executive Director, Research and Educational Networking ISAC
Indiana University