text:
"No means no" is still a pretty good rule.
In a preliminary hearing this week in Eagle, Colo., the details of Kobe Bryant's alleged rape of a 19-year-old woman were recounted on the stand. Bryant's accuser, speaking through the police detective who met with her after the alleged assault, indicated that she said "no" at least twice over the course of the encounter. Today, Gregg Easterbrook suggests that the problem is that the word "no" is just not strong enough to signal that a rape has taken place. Why? Because, according to Easterbrook, "no" has come to mean "yes." As he observes (doubtless with the empirical evidence to back it up), "Maybe half the sex in world history has followed an initial 'no.' "
I'm guessing it's closer to 80 percent, but that still makes it rape, doesn't it?
Why is this? "Because," according to Easterbrook, "men know this—because in the real world 'no' does not always mean no." Sometimes, he goes on, "no" just means "not now, but maybe after more wine." His suggestion? Since the word "no" has lost all social and legal meaning, we should raise the bar a little and require women to say, "This is rape." That, according to Easterbrook, would stop all but the most callous rapists in their tracks.
It's tough to figure out when a rape has occurred, says Easterbrook, so let's put a heavier burden on women to clarify things.
Here's what Easterbrook's suggestion ignores: Once upon a time the word "no" had social meaning, too. It didn't lose its social meaning because the word "no" is ambiguous. (If someone asks to borrow my Honda and I say "no," it's clear I haven't consented.) The word "no" has lostmeaning because in this situation we choose to ignore its directive to desist. So, why would we possibly take "This is rape" more seriously? Easterbrook suggests that the very word "rape" would chill any sentient man. Maybe for a year or two, until "This is rape" becomes subject to the same social forces that suggest to Easterbrook that "no" merely means "try harder."
Soon there will be Harlequin Romances featuring heroines in heaving bodices breathing, "But Sir ... This is rape," just before being delightedly ravished. Soon, "Oh baby, this is rape," will be the answer to "Oooooh, talk dirty to me."
The problem is not one of nomenclature. Words signify concepts and "no" still signals the concept of non-consent, for 100 percent of the world's English-speaking population, 100 percent of the time. The problem, as Easterbrook illustrates, is that we keep perpetuating stereotypes in which men are cast as ravening beasts and women are cast as confused madonna/whores. The word "no" isn't the issue. The fact that men (and some women) still think "no" means "yes" is. We already put the burden on women to say "no," which is complicated enough. (I don't have to say "no" when someone steals my car keys.) Now Easterbrook wants them to have to say, "This is rape," a sentence virtually impossible to utter unless you are truly being violently forced by a maniac. It's tough enough to say "no" in a fraught and nuanced sexual encounter. But Easterbrook wants us to have to read the guy's Miranda rights.
Saying "This is rape" instead of "No" bizarrely asks women to be even less precise than the status quo. It may not be rape. It may just be yucky sex. Why do I have to call it rape just to get it to stop?
It's not the place of the criminal legal system to resolve age-old ambiguity in sexual language. The criminal law exists to punish criminals. Books like Men Are From Mars, Women Are From Venus exist to resolve age-old ambiguity in sexual language, and it's not clear that's working all that well, either. So, let's not make our rape laws the social laboratory for fixing human communication. And let's not make it harder to convict rapists, just so that men and women can say we understand each other a bit better.
The law is perfectly clear: When a woman says "no," even—take note, Kobe's lawyers—after 5 minutes of necking, she really means no. If Kobe, or Easterbrook, or any other man chooses to hear "try more wine," then by all means, bring out the Chianti. But if a man chooses to hear it as "forge ahead, and force me, I may just be kidding," then he'd best be prepared for the consequences. The notion that men are hard-wired to dominate and overcome ambivalent women stopped being cute about 10,000 years ago.
Is sexual conversation confusing? Yes? Is it frustrating? Maybe. Should we change laws because women are conflicted and men are horny? No.


text:
What a bungle... its a pity their 'pre-existing security measures' didnt stop the infection in the first place. This doesnt inspire confidence.
The Ministry of Defence confirmed today that it has suffered virus infections which have shut down "a small number" of MoD systems, most notably including admin networks aboard Royal Navy warships. The Navy computers infected are the NavyStar (N*) system, based on a server cabinet and cable-networked PCs on each warship and …
What a bungle... its a pity their 'pre-existing security measures' didnt stop the infection in the first place. This doesnt inspire confidence.
They probably jusst turned the servers off...
I don't need to say anymore.
... before they are a past memory, if remembered at all.
"This meant that some people were without regular IT access (i.e. email, internet). There have been no infections detected on any networks with sensitive information. "
Crikey, you don't think the internet is a sensitive information network? Hello ... Wakey, Wakey, MOD spokesperson.
Their security measures did stop the infection, it seems that they actually have a pretty sensible system in place, ie the pc's used for email and communications, that are actually connected to the outside world, are completely isolated from the rest of the system.
N* basically being the Admin and Office suite network rather than doing anything crucial to the running of a warship, essentially what you'd get in any company. Different ship's admins have different approaches to what you can do with the system, my favourite basically wouldn't let you use any removable media in any of the computers so it was impossible to get anything on the system without approval from him. A PITA sure, but it did the job.
That doesn't inspire confidence. Even if "windows for warships" is a totally separate system and not network connected to the other one (or the pron/lolcat/wibble delivery system often known as "the internet"), it's still being run by people who don't seem to have a grasp of basic computer security.
There has to be a virus called WoPR, Strangelove or SkyNet out there somewhere, just waiting for some Royal Navy moron to "turn it off and on again"
Get new drugs. You're growing resistant to your current batch and are dangerously close to making sense.
Did they buy the 1/2 price Norton360 at the same time by any chance?
We had a virus infection that wiped out all the stores records of what we had in stock.
CPO Pertwee
It's Battlestar Galactica all over again! (The new one, about how the Cylons WTFPWNED the up-to-date fleets.)
Just as well the systems controlling that is out of the ark relay switching - emp and virus proof. At least it was the last time I looked - hold your breath if the alarm goes off.
Paris - finds it difficult to hold her breath whenever I've seen her.
What unutterable twit decided to put the worlds most hacked operating system on military hardware?
Anonymous because MS is really in control anyway.
Ah, that will be the ruggedized PC with a touch pad that they're expected to use in 20 metre waves.
Great ergonomics.
So some people lost email access. Nothing else. Where the news?
I do wonder whether orders are sent across email or via an isolated system. Email is so convenient that officers might be tempted to use it for critical but not time sensitive communications?
... that the military buffs said they can save money and time with this total Windows for Warships and was going to be headache free? Will they ever learn? I hope they use Linux for the Mail server with ClamAV to catch this pesky virus before it hits their critical systems and nuke an EU neighbor! This windows roll out should be put into a torpedo and used to infect the Somalia pirate ships instead of infecting the Royal Navy!
Creating another boat anchor one ship at a time with love from Bill Gates.
Never mind. You can probably find everything in Ebenezer's War Surplus Supplies Emporium, including a couple of ruggidised PC's.
Left hand down a bit!
"There have been no infections detected on any networks with sensitive information."
The keyword here if "detected".
We is all doomed, I tellz ya...
>Ah, that will be the ruggedized PC with a touch pad that they're expected to use in 20 metre waves.
>Great ergonomics.
Yes! ... I mean... NO!
Tried this on a military map/tracking system.
Is it really so difficult to install a USB trackball? Even when told repeatedly that touch pads really really don't work in an environment that is unstable in all three dimensons?
Try opening a menu and scrolling down to the option you want when your finger is repeatedly lifted and slammed into the pad. (Can't turn off just the click-functionality of the pad, oh no.)
There are no keyboard shortcuts.
Any wrong option chosen turns on some function that renders the map unviewable/cluttered, and is a PITA to turn off again. The option you want is on the bottom of the list, and if the cursor passes outside the menu, well then the menu disappears. Oh, and your're a little sea sick as well.
"@amanfromMars, Get new drugs. You're growing resistant to your current batch and are dangerously close to making sense." ..... By raving angry loony Posted Thursday 15th January 2009 17:49 GMT
Err, if you think making sense, raving angry loony, is dangerous might I suggest that your current drugs batch be ditched in favour of the one you imagine to be mine, although of course, with everyone being unique there is no guarantee that one size fits all or that works wonders for some will not floor another.
I am intrigued though to think on the bits which rendered it to you as nonsense as "dangerously close to making sense" would imply. Ah well, had a think and dismissed the thought as not making sense.
Considering the judgements and actions taken be those who would think that they are in Control, it is highly probable that they are taking drugs which they cannot control and which renders them victims to its chemical power/ hooked junkies thinking only of themselves and their survival at the expense of the Public Purse.
Is there a Random Drugs Screening regime in the Palace of Westminster or can any old Junk just crash out in there. And that is a question they really don't like being asked, so let's ask it anyway. They can always waffle their way through a reply and tell us nothing thus to confirm the suspicion and expose their contempt of their Employers/the Public they think to Screw with Taxes for Services which Others Deliver all too badly.
"I hope they use Linux for the Mail server with ClamAV to catch this pesky virus before it hits their critical systems and nuke an EU neighbor!"
No, a hacker will just use an as-yet unfound vulnerability in the Linux kernel.
The thing to remember with e-mail and AV is that a) You can never protect against stupid users and b) AV never detects every single infection.
AC because Linux fanboys are even more deluded then Mac ones.
It's not Windows for Warships that was affected... It was the admin network. So someone was probably downloading pr0n or something like that and infected their machine. Or picked up a virus the same way as anyone else does. The BMS (or whatever the navy term is for a battlefield management system) is completely seperate and isolated. Obiously.
Experience tells me that a virus is a very convenient scapegoat. Whenever a sysadmin does something stupid, it's much easier (easier on their careers, that is) to blame any damage on a mysterious, yet familiar and if we believe what we are told - ubiquitous, danger that infests every PC, all the time.
Almost always there is no-one, either on-board a warship, or in an office environment who is in a position to independently verify these claims. Nor can they get to the real root-cause. that makes it conveniently impossible to say if the "culprit" is a real virus, or merely carelessness or lack of ability on the part of those entrusted with keeping the stuff running.
Occam's razor would suggest that these systems are (hopefully) designed with the tightest security foremost, with up-to-date anti-virus, anti-malware and anti-intrusion layers. However they are still dependent on the same sys-admins who have only been on the same courses as everyone else and that this is the common element between failures on security hardened military systems and run-of-the-mill PCs found in every school, home and office.
Email with operational stuff has been sent across the civvy systems in the past when the secure systems have been down. Not ideal but better than no comms at all.
I personally would like to have heard that the cab contained a solaris box as the server and some windows pc's if they must dotted round to access it. But hey, this is DII and unix admins/ta's cost money and the consortium won on price rather than merit, so lets embrace microsoft regardless that the unix infrastructure was working fine...
Can't wait to see what happens when they get windows for warships up and "running".
To quote and old anti war song (where have all the flowers gone):
"When will they ever learn, oh when will they ever learn"
I hope they use Linux for the Mail server with ClamAV....
Why do you need an A/V software? Why, only yesterday, in the comments of another story, did someone clearly state that Linux doesn't need Firewalls and A/V software...
Or are you more intouch with reality?
The official line seems to be: ''It is only the email system, not the 'windows-for-warships command and control' so it doesn't really matter.''
It is only a matter of time before a file is transferred by hand (for perfectly good reasons) from the email to W4W system and infects that. Using MS Windows for critical miliraty systems should be considered sabotage and treason.
Apparently you don't get viruses on Macs (why has nobody risen to that challenge yet, I find it amazing) , they could edit the funny videos they have on it and then upload them to youtube.
WFW could lead to a whole new meaning to BSOD. I connected my USB laser guided missile to it and it launched everything we have at that little country over there.
Anyone rem the film "War Games" lol
I can also picture Bill Gates sat in his "Master Chair" Xbox 360 Pad in hand Controlling the Royal Navy Fleet. On his Huge Plasma Display.
Seems as if the Military have a Systemic Problem with Assymetric Networks of Countering Contrary Intelligence.
How very remiss of them not have an ESPecial Force to either Swat the IMPertinence [which would require them having the Knowledge to know what they are facing] or Develop ITs IMPudence [with those whom they might identify as causing or being capable of causing them Problems]
Linux uses av on their email systems to protect other CRAP OS's that are actually susceptible to virus - like windows,
If all armies in the world switched to Windows we could achive world peace.
Dontcha think it'd have been a bit better to have a system that actually isn't wide open to such attacks in the first place?
What you're supporting is analogous to "the operations was a success, unfortunately the patient died".
Luckily the Navy doesn't do white plastic ships.
"no classified or personal data has been or will be at risk of compromise", is exactly what I would have expected them to say.
If, and I say if mission critical and or sensitive systems were compromised can one imagine the RN spokesperson stating:
"Yes, all our hardened and secure mission critical systems were infected. Classified and personal data has been compromised. We cannot tell which, or how much data has been packaged and transmitted to servers in Azerbaijan via key loggers the virus installed on our systems. Nor do we know how long the back doors the virus planted in our systems have been active".
I guess not.
"Or picked up a virus the same way as anyone else does."
BS. I've never had a single virus, trojan or malware on PC despite having precisely zero AV security measures in place. Want to know why? I run Linux.
If you install a totally compromised operating system (from a security point of view) like Windows you get whats coming. Perhaps you should use something other than Windows and then you'll find out why the rest of the computing world looks down on it and fires potshots at times like this.
.. did they see a Navy Blue Screen of Death?
Why would ANYONE in their right mind put ANY copy of the most INSECURE, UNSTABLE, UNTRUSTED, MOST VULNERABLE O/S, for ANY intended purpose, on ANY military vessel or aircraft in ANY country in the free world, instead of Linux, BSD, and/or Mac based computers.
And people wonder why "Military Intelligence" is an oxymoron! ;^)
I would love the opportunity to make a presentation to the Ministry of Defense as to why they have made such a foolish choice of technology, thereby potentially endangering the lives of every citizen in the UK, the US, and the rest of the free world!
"really a virus, or just plain stupidity"
By Pete Posted Friday 16th January 2009 09:30 GMT
- a viral stupidity.
"What those guys do is excellent, inspite of inventing cookies. Many Thanks to their free lessons. They let people read different stuff, e.g., like this one below:
"call from those who front each other but they the one shall be heard in waters seven whales shall pour their fountains at head and feet of goddess she will find pleasure relief will release the shield will cry her tears away meeting kiss of one was her beloved enemy will open herself for new life"
This msg is deciphered, pardon for poor input (-:
Enjoy, h4x0rz"
...when people piously claim "I've never had a virus"... really, well how the hell do you know that???
You may not have had overt malware that splatters icons and popups all over your desktop but really, tell me how you KNOW you've never had, for example, a keylogger? Because you had Norton? Because you ran Linux? Bots don't want to be found and good rootkits are extremely difficult to detect no matter what the AV vendors (or Chkrootkit or RKhunter) tell you.
There are no silver bullets, no-one who has a modern computer hooked up to the internet can say they are entirely _safe_. You have no idea how many zero day firewall / kernel / tcpip / torrent / browser hacks are out there waiting for you but going on last year alone it's enought to be worried about and you have no way to say for sure you haven't been compromised.
I run Linux but I'm not naive enough to claim it's unhackable like some do on here, it gets hacked all the time on webservers and many of those are supposedly hardened. All it takes is an out of date library, a weak ssh key, yada yada yada, same shit as it does on Windows and Mac.
Nuff Said
which obviously can't get infected like this N* system. Must be one of these new fangled Linux systems nobody can maintain.
without expressing angst towards fanboys. Surely they can be moderated out?
I guess a linux-based office solution COULD be made more secure, but this may well be more expensive, and sacrifices ease of use and integration.
Security can be measured in pounds and pence, even in the MoD. Do TCOs of Windows vs. Linux include cost of downtime due to Windows viruses, cost of data loss/theft/recovery, and any other impact due to viruses? Surely this is the bottom line?
To passionate indifference:
> I guess a linux-based office solution COULD be made
> more secure, but this may well be more expensive, and
> sacrifices ease of use and integration.
You need to learn a little more about Linux before post a comment such as this. I can download a copy of several Distro's (Distribution) of Linux (Debian, Fedora, CentOS, ...), all FREE of charge, and most are more secure "Out of the box", than Windows ever thought of being! Then if that is not secure enough for you, SELinux (Security Enhanced Linux) can be applied to the Distro, again at no charge. See: http://www.nsa.gov/research/selinux/index.shtml Other options are also available to increase the security of any Distro!
The TCO of Linux over Mickey$oft is VERY obvious to most people, unless you read and believe the FUD (Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt) Mickey$oft and it's shills spew out daily!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
CAMBRIDGE, UK - Sept. 29, 2003 –
ARM [(LSE:ARM}; Nasdaq: ARMHY)], the industry's leading provider of 16/32-bit embedded RISC processor solutions, today announced the immediate availability of its Digital Signal Processing (DSP) Interface Specification. The specification, which addresses the technical aspects of integration of DSP cores with ARM® cores and other microprocessor cores in system-on-chip (SoC) designs, will help solve a major industry design problem.
Digital devices of the future will offer greatly enhanced functionality and integrate many features into a single unit. As they evolve to deliver this advanced functionality, devices such as portable audio players, mobile phones and set-top boxes will demand greater design challenges by combining a DSP and multiple microprocessor cores in the same SoC.
The new specification addresses this challenge by offering standardization across hardware and software that enables such cores to interconnect. Building on the ARM standardization approach, the specification enables Partners to interface ARM designs and DSP designs as simply as possible. Partners will now benefit from a greatly reduced design and verification timeline and process, with optimized system performance.
The specification will further accelerate time-to-market for multi-core and DSP designs in a similar way that the AMBA™ methodology brings time-to market benefits to system interconnect. The new specification also enables significant reductions in system development cost by offering an out-of-box solution for integrating the two most critical processing engines in integrated circuits.
"We are about to see digital devices becoming much smarter and offering more extensive functionality. The ability to integrate microprocessor and DSP cores will become imperative for the customer design roadmap," said Matthew Byatt, DSP marketing manager, ARM. "Integration of these two elements is now an important design consideration and ARM and its Partners have developed a standard DSP interface specification that will advance the capabilities of the next generation of digital devices."
The new specification arises from ARM's collaboration with industry-leading DSP IP provider LSI Logic and ParthusCeva, the leading licensor of DSP to the semiconductor industry, who have many years of experience in working together in SoC and ASIC.
Editors Note: Consumer Technology titles
Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) are becoming increasingly important components for embedded applications. For example, among the consumer products that rely on DSPs are cell phones, MP3 players, DSL and cable modems, and digital camcorders. Applications using DSPs abound as well in the commercial and industrial markets. Typically, these DSPs interact with conventional microcontrollers (MCUs), forming multicore SoC devices.
About ARM
ARM is the industry's leading provider of 16/32-bit embedded RISC microprocessor solutions. The company licenses its high-performance, low-cost, power-efficient RISC processors, peripherals, and system-on-chip designs to leading international electronics companies. ARM also provides comprehensive support required in developing a complete system. ARM's microprocessor cores are rapidly becoming a volume RISC standard in such markets as portable communications, hand-held computing, multimedia digital consumer and embedded solutions. More information on ARM is available at www.arm.com.
ARMis a registered trademark of ARM Limited. AMBA is a trademark of ARM Limited. All other brands or product names are the property of their respective holders. "ARM" is used to represent ARM Holdings plc (LSE: ARM and Nasdaq: ARMHY); its operating company ARM Limited; and the regional subsidiaries ARM INC.; ARM KK; ARM Korea Ltd.; ARM Taiwan; ARM France SAS; ARM Consulting (Shanghai) Co. Ltd.; and ARM Belgium N.V.
Contact Details:
Drennan du Plooy
Michelle Spencer
James Lambert
Text 100 Public Relations
Tel : +44 208 996 4137


text: IAB chief to members: Threats 'very, very real' By John Obrecht. Published on March 12, 2012. The Fontainebleau is perhaps best known as the hangout of Frank Sinatra and fellow Rat Packers during the heyday of Miami Beach's Millionaire's Row and as a setting for the classic James Bond film "Goldfinger." But the hotel also holds a place in the annals of politics, most notably during the 1968 Republican National Convention, certainly the more staid of that year's quadrennial party gatherings. So it was an apt venue for Interactive Advertising Bureau President-CEO Randall Rothenberg to get political and launch into an impassioned critique of what he sees as the IAB membership's lack of involvement—to phrase it in a politic manner—in public policy initiatives. Rothenberg opened the second day of last month's packed IAB Annual Leadership Meeting by noting the digital industry's recent euphoria over its having successfully banded together quickly to kill a pair of Internet piracy bills—the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) in the House and the Protect IP Act (PIPA) in the Senate. He cited as an example of the high-spirited rhetoric the comment by Bill Keller, former executive editor of The New York Times, that the industry was becoming "the new power in Washington." Rothenberg doesn't buy it, not by a long shot. "We are not the new power in Washington," he said. "We are not the new power anywhere." The IAB spent two years, Rothenberg said, trying to energize its members to tackle the Internet piracy challenge in a way that doesn't dramatically change the architecture of the Internet or undercut the First Amendment. "It was like pulling teeth to get our members involved," he said. The IAB has also been pushing to get presidents and CEOs of member companies to attend the "meet and greets" with political candidates that it's been hosting in New York. "Our maximum [attendance] at this point has been seven," he said. Rothenberg cited other threats to the industry, including the costly expansion of Internet top-level domain names by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. And in Europe, there's the "right to be forgotten" push to give consumers the right to remove any information online that they deem too personal—a move that could have repercussions on this side of the Atlantic. "The threats to our industry are very, very real," Rothenberg said. So what can IAB members do? For starters, they can support the IAB's PAC and get involved with its Public Policy Council, Rothenberg said. He also urged them to back the organization's Making Measurement Make Sense initiative. "If you want the Internet to be changed, do nothing," Rothenberg said. "You must be engaged. What you don't know can hurt you and can kill your company." John Obrecht is editor of BtoB and Media Business. He can be reached at [email protected] Most Popular In this article: BtoB


text:
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text: Student Profiles Mike Dooley '10 Mike Dooley '10 Major: Classics Hometown: Garden City, New York Why did you choose to come to Bowdoin? During my college search, I was fortunate enough to have a clear picture of what I wanted in a school after observing my older brother's search. I wanted to attend a small school where I could work closely with both professors and fellow students. After visiting many schools including Bowdoin, I just knew that Bowdoin was the place for me. I was attracted to the wide range of academic concentrations, engaged and active student body, and professors who genuinely cared about the success of their students. Plus, the ability to study for four years in such a beautiful locale was definitely a motivating factor. Why did you choose your major? I originally came to Bowdoin intending to major in neuroscience, but by the time sophomore year arrived, I knew that this wasn't the best choice for me. At the time I had to choose a major, I was taking Elementary Latin with Professor Barbara Boyd. After some careful thought, I decided to continue in the classics department based on how much I was enjoying Latin. Since then, I have had nothing but awesome experiences with the professors, classes, and other students in the department. I have taken classes on everything from Vergil's Aeneid to the dichotomy of Roman rural and urban life. Classical Studies has allowed me to gain a broad knowledge of the ancient world and also focus on certain areas that I find fascinating; I could not have chosen a better major. When I graduate, I will not only have a solid understanding of the ancient world, but also the tools and skills necessary to continue as a lifelong learner, which I consider the greatest assets of a Bowdoin education. What has been a course you especially enjoyed at Bowdoin? During my junior year I began studying Arabic under the direction of Professor Russell Hopley. Bowdoin had not previously offered Arabic, so I was fortunate to have the opportunity to begin studying the language. My second-year Arabic class is composed of about 12 dedicated students, which ensures a great classroom environment. Professor Hopley teaches Arabic in a comprehensive manner so that we not only understand grammar and syntax in oral and written situations, but also the cultural nuances of Middle Eastern and North African societies. The class is challenging and fascinating, and I aim to continue studying Arabic after graduation. What professor or professors have especially inspired you during your time at Bowdoin? Professor Robert Sobak, my advisor, has been instrumental in my Bowdoin education. I have taken classes in Latin, Greek history, and Roman history with him. Professor Sobak is also advising me in my research on Roman asymmetric warfare and its ties to modern counterinsurgency operations. Professor Sobak helped codify my ideas into a research proposal for this past summer, a project that has continued into the first semester of my senior year. He constantly challenges my ideas and helps me form new viewpoints, which is crucial to creating a solid thesis. Sobak's accessibility is a testament to Bowdoin's strengths as a small college. I have also been inspired by Professor Ryan Ricciardi, another member of the classics department. Although I began my major with no knowledge of archaeology, Professor Ricciardi helped me build a sound base of knowledge in Roman archaeology. Last year, I visited the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City over a break with my family, and found myself able to identify and tell my family about many pieces in the classical gallery! Additionally, last year I was lucky enough to study ancient Latin texts with Visiting Professor Michael Nerdahl. After spending a year working from a Latin textbook, the ability to do this was amazing. I left class each day thinking how neat it is that we were reading and understanding Cicero's orations in their original form. Professor Nerdahl was devoted to teaching and making sure we understood the text in a way that has inspired me to continue with my study of the Latin language past the level required for my major. Mike with friends at the top of Mount Katahdin. What extracurricular or work experiences have you had at Bowdoin? As far as extracurriculars go, I have been highly involved with Bowdoin Student Government (BSG). During my first year, I was appointed to be an at-large representative on BSG. Sophomore and junior year, I was elected to serve as the vice president of facilities. In this position I was responsible for serving as a liaison between students and the resources of the College, such as Dining Service, Information Technology, Security, and Residential Life. I also managed several student services such as the shuttle program that transports students to Freeport and Portland on the weekends and the Collegiate Readership Program that provides free newspapers in the dining halls and student union. This year, I was fortunate enough to be elected BSG president. My responsibility is to ensure that BSG is functioning properly as well as to generally lead the body. I'm looking forward to a great year of serving my fellow students and couldn't be more excited about this opportunity. For the past three years, I have worked at the David Saul Smith Union information desk assisting students, distributing event tickets, and helping visitors with their questions about the College. In addition, beginning in my junior year, I began working as the public address announcer at football and hockey games. I love the job because I have the chance to watch my peers compete while helping to inform spectators. Observing games in a more official capacity and working with Sports Information Director Jim Caton has given me a new perspective on Bowdoin athletics. Finally, I am one of four students who answer questions via e-mail from prospective students for the Ask A Student program, helping them with their college search in a personal way. Marching at the Officer Candidate School graduation. What have you done during your summers? During the summer after my first year, I worked for the Garden City Department of Public Works doing landscaping work during the day, and bussing tables at a local restaurant several nights a week. After my sophomore year, I spent the first half of my summer working for the Department of Public Works again. During the months of July and August, I attended the first portion of United States Marine Corps Officer Candidates School in Quantico, Virginia. The purpose of Officer Candidates School (OCS) is to train, screen, and evaluate candidates for service as company grade officers in the Marine Corps. To test the leadership abilities of each candidate, OCS creates a stressful environment: there was a good deal of screaming and yelling from our instructors, sleep deprivation, and physical challenges in order to accomplish this goal. At OCS, we spent time in the classroom learning everything from Marine Corps history to tactics. In addition, much of our training period was spent in the field putting our classroom knowledge to work while leading our peers. Although my time there was extremely challenging, I know now that I am capable of much more than I ever had thought. Those weeks in Quantico certainly help put stressful days at Bowdoin in perspective. This past summer, I returned to OCS for the first half of summer and successfully graduated. I then returned to Bowdoin in mid-July, for I received a Surdna Foundation Undergraduate Research Fellowship to study asymmetric Roman warfare with Professor Sobak. I read many pieces on the ways that the Roman military fought against smaller, unconventional groups, which was particularly relevant given present American engagements in the Middle East and Central Asia. Having the time to read, write, and think about such a focused topic allowed me to pinpoint the direction for my senior thesis on this subject. Competing in a CrossFit event in Boston. What is your favorite Bowdoin memory? The Bowdoin summer experience is unparalleled. I was able to complete my studies in Roman history and still have time to explore the great state of Maine. Two friends and I summitted Mount Katahdin in Baxter State Park, something we had wanted to do for years. The view from the top was certainly worth the mad scramble upward! Also, I had time to train for, and compete in, a CrossFit fitness competition in Massachusetts at the very end of summer with another good friend. After finishing the last workout and waiting to hear where I had placed in the standings, I felt that being at Bowdoin had been the best way to finish out my final summer before graduating. What are your plans for after graduation? Although I am seriously considering positions in the federal government and Foreign Service, I am leaning towards commissioning as a Second Lieutenant in the United States Marine Corps. I am still exploring other options for my post-Bowdoin plans, as there is some time to make a final decision. What advice would you give to a prospective student or first-year about the Bowdoin experience? Branch out! Bowdoin is small and it's oftentimes all too easy to end up in the same routine everyday. To get the most from your Bowdoin years, try new things and meet new people. Even if your stint as a neuroscience major doesn't work out as planned (as mine did), you will be glad that you had those experiences and the courage to branch out. What quirky or fun thing do you wish you had known before you came to Bowdoin? I wish I had known about the prospect of the new fitness center! The Buck Center is an amazing new facility for student fitness and health, featuring an enormous free-weights floor in the basement and wellness classes. I look forward to making the most of it this year. Story posted on January 04, 2010 « Back | More Student Profiles | Go to News Home


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WASHINGTON (AP) — The State Department wants Egypt's opposition to reverse its declared boycott of upcoming parliamentary elections.
Spokesman Edgar Vasquez says the U.S. is encouraging all Egyptian parties and potential candidates to compete in the staggered vote, which starts in April. He says the elections offer Egyptians an opportunity to have their voices heard.
The main opposition group, the liberal and secular National Salvation Front, declared Tuesday it would boycott the elections. The announcement is likely to add to Egypt's political instability.
Washington sees the parliamentary votes as an important milestone in Egypt's democratic transition.
Vasquez said Tuesday it was "critical" for Egyptian parties to take part so that Egyptians can select representatives from a broad range of political positions.


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The economy may be recovering, but consumers are still struggling to make ends meet. More than a third of Americans -- 36% -- say in a survey commissioned by Bankrate that their top financial priority is simply to stay current or get caught up on paying bills.
Continue Reading Below
Another 1 in 5 say their main concern is to pay down debt such as credit cards and student loans, according to the survey accompanying Bankrate's November Financial Security Index.
"People are struggling amid still-heavy debt loads, stagnant income and high unemployment," says Greg McBride, CFA, senior financial analyst at Bankrate.com. " Many people are feeling a complete lack of financial progress."
The findings show little to no improvement in the financial lives of Americans when compared with a similar survey from one year ago. At that time, 32% said staying current on bills was their top financial priority, and 23% cited paying down debt.
But isn't the economy improving?
The unemployment rate for October was 7.3%, down from 7.9% a year ago. The economy added an average of 202,000 jobs per month from August to October of this year. These are signs that the labor market is strengthening, but the average U.S. worker doesn't seem to have benefited much from these recent gains.
"People lose jobs, and when they get back to the workforce they often end up with a job that pays less," explains Terrance Odean, professor of finance at the Haas School of Business at the University of California at Berkeley. "The simple but big answer to why more people are reporting they are struggling to keep afloat is because for most people -- at least to those in the middle -- incomes have dropped."
As the economy chugs along, the most current Census data show that the median income for American households is 8% below what it was in 2007, before the recession hit.
"Let's face it, it's tougher to keep abreast when you are making less money," Odean says.
That's especially a problem for lower-income consumers. Not surprisingly, more than half of those in the survey who reported earning less than 30,000 say they are most focused on paying bills.
Watch Greg McBride's analysis of the poll results.
The Financial Security Index survey questioned more than 1,000 respondents with mixed income levels.
About 29% of those who reported making at least $75,000 say their priority is paying down debt.
"People do not have the income to support their current debt obligations," says Gail Cunningham, a spokeswoman for the National Foundation for Credit Counseling. "Back years ago, when people were living large, they created a lifestyle that their income could not support, but I don't think that's going on anymore. These respondents are probably doing the best they can."
Should you pay down credit cards or save?
One positive finding in the survey is that nearly one-fifth of the respondents -- 18% -- say saving is their main financial priority.
"Hats off to those people who have their financial ducks in a row," Cunningham says.
The desire to save seems particularly strong among young consumers. Saving is the top priority for 27% of respondents under age 30, higher than any other age group.
"Saving today, especially when young, is critically important to financial security in future years," McBride says.
Consumers who don't have a rainy day fund should set aside some money every month to build up their savings even if they have credit card debt, Cunningham adds.
"The question I get so often is, 'I have a little extra money. Should I pay down debt or save?' The answer is: Both. You are on a very slippery financial rope if you have zero savings."
Being too giving
But for those who can barely afford to keep up with paying bills, saving money may seem nearly impossible. That's especially the case with those who say they're giving relatives financial help, in addition to supporting themselves.
About 12% of the respondents in the survey say their top financial priority is to provide financial assistance to family members or friends.
"That's a huge number, and we see it in real life all the time," says Cunningham. "It underscores lots of other problems we have, such as young people graduating and not being able to find a job, so they are moving back in with the parents. The parents are caring for young adults and sometimes their own parents. It's a big drain on people's finances."
When friends and other relatives ask for help with money, sometimes you need to say no, Cunningham says.
"Remember you need to make financial decisions with your head, not your heart," she says. "I know that's difficult to do, when a family member or a friend reaches out to you for financial help. But you've got to remember that you won't be in a position to help anyone if you can't support yourself."
Copyright 2013, Bankrate Inc.


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Ben and Jerry's recovering from 'attack' ad
WASHINGTON – All Ben & Jerry's wanted was to treat Washingtonians to some free ice cream. Leave it to a group of Washington consultants to respond with an attack ad.
RELATED: Ben and Jerry's recuperates after the 'attack' ad
Digital ad producers at the consulting company, Revolution Messaging, had requested a visit from Ben & Jerry's free-ice-cream truck, which is touring the country to promote new flavors. The consultants say they didn't appreciate getting passed over when the truck instead visited the Redskins football team.
So Revolution Messaging went on offense, tweeting, "Dear @benjerrystruck, we warned you we play dirty, kisses @RevMsg."
Its June 4 YouTube video slams the ice cream makers for being "wrong for D.C., wrong for America."
"Ben & Jerry's ice cream promised to cool down overheated D.C. workers," the video says. "But instead, they spent the day in Maryland, hanging out with the most hated name in the NFL."
Zooming in on the Redskins logo, the ad's narrator asks, "What would the Native Americans think?" The ad then plays off the iconic 1971 "Keep America Beautiful" ad campaign that featured a Native American crying over pollution. "What will D.C. lobbyists do?" the narrator asks, as a tear rolls down the cheek of a man wearing a suit.
Ben & Jerry's at first took a hard line. "We don't negotiate with videographers," @BenJerrysTruck tweeted.
But the Burlington, Vt., based ice cream maker, which counts "Imagine Whirled Peace" among its flavors, quickly abandoned the fight.
Its free ice cream truck arrived Friday at the headquarters of Revolution Messaging, a group led by former staff and campaign advisers to President Obama. After "rethinking things" — and eating a bunch of free ice cream — Revolution Messaging revised its earlier opinion of the ice cream makers. Its new ad calls Ben and Jerry "truly both heroes of the city we love and the land that birthed them."
Scott Goodstein, founder of Revolution Messaging, called it a "sweet and satisfying reconciliation."
"We hope this will inspire more leaders in Washington to jointly lift a spoon, a cup or a cone as a way to get past their conflicts, find common ground and move America forward," he said in a statement.
Revolution Messaging made this video after Ben and Jerry's ice cream truck passed by its D.C. offices
Follow @ngaudiano on Twitter.


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"Duck Dynasty" dad Phil Robertson has been suspended indefinitely by the A&E Network following his recent comments on homosexuality, the network announced Wednesday night.
"We are extremely disappointed to have read Phil Robertson's comments in GQ, which are based on his own personal beliefs and are not reflected in the series 'Duck Dynasty'," the network said in a statement.
"His personal views in no way reflect those of A&E Networks, who have always been strong supporters and champions of the LGBT community. The network has placed Phil under hiatus from filming indefinitely."
Earlier Wednesday, Roberston had responded to critics who had slammed him for very graphic statements he made about his preference for heterosexual sex over homosexual sex.
"I myself am a product of the 60s; I centered my life around sex, drugs and rock and roll until I hit rock bottom and accepted Jesus as my Savior," he said in a statement sent to FOX411.
"My mission today is to go forth and tell people about why I follow Christ and also what the bible teaches, and part of that teaching is that women and men are meant to be together.
"However, I would never treat anyone with disrespect just because they are different from me. We are all created by the Almighty and like Him, I love all of humanity. We would all be better off if we loved God and loved each other."
We are all created by the Almighty and like Him, I love all of humanity
- Phil Robertson
In a wide-ranging interview with GQ, Robertson didn't hold back when sharing his thoughts about homosexuality and sinning.
"Everything is blurred on what's right and what's wrong... Sin becomes fine," he said. "Start with homosexual behavior and just morph out from there. Bestiality, sleeping around with this woman and that woman and that woman and those men."
Click here to read his entire interview in GQ.
Paraphrasing Corinthians he added: "Don't be deceived. Neither the adulterers, the idolaters, the male prostitutes, the homosexual offenders, the greedy, the drunkards, the slanderers, the swindlers—they won't inherit the kingdom of God. Don't deceive yourself. It's not right."
The gay and lesbian rights group GLAAD was quick to criticize Robertson for his comments and called on A&E to take action.
"Phil and his family claim to be Christian, but Phil's lies about an entire community fly in the face of what true Christians believe," said GLAAD rep Wilson Cruz. "He clearly knows nothing about gay people or the majority of Louisianans – and Americans - who support legal recognition for loving and committed gay and lesbian couples. Phil's decision to push vile and extreme stereotypes is a stain on A&E and his sponsors who now need to reexamine their ties to someone with such public disdain for LGBT people and families."
Robertson also told GQ his family has lost its privacy since they were thrust into the limelight as the stars of the hit show, but it was well worth it because the series has given him a platform to spread his religious beliefs.
"For the sake of the Gospel, it was worth it… All you have to do is look at any society where there is no Jesus. I'll give you four: Nazis, no Jesus. Look at their record. Uh, Shintos? They started this thing in Pearl Harbor. Any Jesus among them? None. Communists? None. Islamists? Zero. That's 80 years of ideologies that have popped up where no Jesus was allowed among those four groups. Just look at the records as far as murder goes among those four groups."
Still, he doesn't expect his fame to last forever.
"Let's face it, three, four, five years, we're out of here. You know what I'm saying? It's a TV show. This thing ain't gonna last forever. No way."
Though the network did not officially fire the Robertson patriarch, many fans are taking news of his suspension to mean his job as a reality star is done for good.
A&E fired Phil Robertson of Duck Dynasty. I have lost faith in humanity
— Jack Ward (@JackWard97) December 19, 2013
all you phil robertson and duck dynasty fans shut up. A&E doesnt HAVE to give anyone a show.they dont want homophobia on their network!
— Autumn Alston (@AutumnNAlston) December 19, 2013


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Statham gets 90 years
Sentence has been handed down by District Judge Jon Sullivan for a Bokoshe murderer. Sullivan sentenced Kevin Paul Statham, 51, to two life sentences without the possibility of parole Thursday morning. The sentences will run consecutively resulting in a 90 year prison term. Statham was charged in the July 2011, shooting deaths of his parents, Paul Statham, 70, and Helen Statham, 69, at their home on Old Bokoshe Road. Both died from gunshot wounds, according to court records. Sullivan detailed Statham's rights to withdraw his plea of no contest, which comes with a 10-day time limit. Statham, with his attorney Peter Astor of Oklahoma City present, waived his right to remain in the LeFlore County Detention Center during those 10 days, instead requesting immediate transport to the Oklahoma Department of Corrections.


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You are here
Passwords: Carol Muske-Dukes on the Beats
25th Anniversary Program
Date and Time:
June 8, 2012 - 7:00PM
Event Location:
Kray Hall
$10, $7 for students and seniors, free to Poets House Members
Poet and novelist Carol Muske-Dukes offers insights on the Beat poets, with a discussion of the work of Diane di Prima, Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac, Gary Snyder and Philip Whalen.
Carol Muske-Dukes is a professor of English and Creative Writing at the University of Southern California. Her books of poetry include Twin Cities (2011), Sparrow (2003), which was a National Book Award finalist, and An Octave Above Thunder (1997). She is also the author of two collections of essays and four novels. She is the former poet laureate of California and the past recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship, a National Endowment for the Arts Poetry Fellowship, and six Pushcart Prizes.
Event Sponsored By:
Poets House
Event Type:
Readings and Conversations


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'Wailing Wind' plays Trout Lake
Portland roots-roadhouse band Ron Rogers & The Wailing Wind comes to the Trout Lake Country Inn on Saturday, July 20. The show is at 8 p.m. and the event is 21 and older only. Admission is $5. "Ron Rogers is well-steeped in the solid songwriting traditions of rock, blues and country, but applies a strong working-class sensibility to his lyrical craft." The band, which features Dave Grafe on pedal steel guitar, has just released a new self-titled CD. Trout Lake Country Inn, 15 Guler Road, Trout Lake, Wash.; 509-395-3667.
Ticket discount available for Art Center volunteers
In an effort to say thank you, CAST and Columbia Arts are offering volunteer "rush tickets" just for the "Love, Loss and What I Wore" play on July 12, 13, 18, 19 or 20 at 7:30 p.m. or Sunday, July 14, at 2 p.m.
If there are any seats available for a performance, the house manager will make $5 rush tickets available starting at 7:15 p.m. (1:45 p.m. for matinees). Simply tell the ticket salesperson that you are on the volunteer list and they will take your name and issue you a $5 ticket.
Eligible volunteers on the volunteer distribution list may purchase one ticket at the $5 rate during the run of the show. Rush tickets can not be reserved ahead of time and are based on demand and cannot be guaranteed.
Blues from David Vest July 27
David Vest and his All-Star Band will play the last music show at The Pines' Second and State streets location on Saturday, July 27, at 8 p.m. Tickets are $15 in advance for this 21-and-over only show. David Vest is an award-winning blues piano player who played with the Paul deLay band for many years. The Oregonian says Vest is "one of the finest on barrelhouse piano ... with a ferocity few possess." Expect an all-star lineup of Northwest blues players for his backup band. The Pines Tasting Room, 202 State St., Hood River; 541-993-8301.
Volcanic celebrates 3 years
Volcanic Bottle Shoppe is having its third anniversary party on Saturday, July 13. To thank the community for its support over the last three years, and into the future, there will be free live music from 4:30 p.m. till midnight.
4:30 p.m. – Matt Messier
6:30 p.m. – Matt2 (featuring Matt Mesa and Matt Swihart)
8:30 p.m. – SmudgePot
Herbette, Hood River's new Mediterranean food cart, will be available and there will be some special beers on tap for the celebration. 21-and-over only.
Volcanic Bottle Shoppe, 1410 12th St., Hood River; 541-436-1226.
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You now listenin' to a different type of boss
Abstract, they cut him from a different type of cloth
Jers say that Mouse went a different type of soft
Only started when I was lookin' at different type of lofts
Told 'em, I'm a don, show me somethin' with a pool next
And I need four bathrooms, it ain't gotta be a duplex
White tee, boots yes, see 'em in a suit next
Or somethin' European shirt lookin' like a 2X
Runnin' for the ball like I'm Plaxico Burress
Or in Cancun breakin' a back on a brunette
Gimmicks down pat like they rehearse that much
I don't respond to a sublime, it ain't hurt that much
Yea I scream out Jers that much
'Cause these other dudes fightin for New York like it's worth that much
And these sitcom niggas caress and hold bitches
To them they Golden Girls, to me, they old bitches
Chicks lookin' to G you, cons lookin' to cheat you
Owe a nigga money, you know he lookin' to see you!
Niggas lookin' to beat you
Fiends treat the hood like its Saw part two, 'cause they just lookin' for needles
I wake up grateful that I'm breathin' first
'Cause dudes'll kill you, they don't need a reason first!
These niggas'll still hit 'em
They know the hood is too poor to hire CSI, and Gil Grissom
Nowadays, gotta keep his blue steel with 'em
I know about snakes, 'cause I used to deal with 'em
Used to give my heart, used to rob, steal, with 'em
Let 'em meet mom, share my last meal with 'em
To rap now, you ain't gotta have skill with 'em
Just appeal (with 'em)...with a little rhythm
A dude has that and ready to attack y'all
You gotta kiss ass or else you get blackballed
If you don't like niggas, still give 'em dap y'all
I swear to God this hip hop shit is a trap y'all
I don't even remember how I used to act y'all
Something's wrong with the math, I know I can add y'all
I came out screamin' Desert Storm everyday
And soon as I stop, he don't wanna play
Stacks sayin' what you did for Clue, shit I just laced it
I didn't even know that dude was doin' his tape, shiiiitt
He don't want the fame no more, it's fuckin' with me
Don't hear Reasonable Doubt the same more
I can't listen to Blueprint (naaw!)
Got a resentment toward Hov', tryin' to hate on 'em, throwin' in my two cent
They say don't bite the hand that feeds you
Even if I wanted to, I can't, no teeth to
Don't get me wrong, still I love Clue and Hov'
But they both rich, so what that gotta do with Joe?!
I gotta bring home food for Joe...Trey that is...
Like, fuck why I say that shit?!
C4 why you take that shit?
But it's just how I feel, so naw, don't erase that shit
Child support's a bitch, but I take care of mine
But the law just say that I ain't there for mine
And the judge I look at (what about?)
Don't wanna hear, nor do he understand that things got pushed back
I'm sittin' here with all this anger, stop me
He's like what about this thing called a Gangsta Party?
Must think I live life like it's a Gangsta Party!
I'm 10 seconds away from a GANGSTA ROBBERY, NIGGA!!
No four leaf clover, I can't luck up
Feel like removin' the seeds and gettin' fucked up
Feelin' quick temper, somebody bound to get fucked up
I feel like everyone around me's a fuck up
Ratchet on me, I'm screamin' out "what what!"
'Bout to live life like my last buck's up
I ain't got time to run around stuck up
Not when I just seen a group of niggas gettin' stuck up
So you damn right, I'm on my grind
Look like some shit is on my mind niggas
Need to talk, but nobody to turn to
So I go to horoscopes in the Jersey Journal
It's always somethin' bad, I don't know why I read it
Then I play it off, it's fake, I don't believe it!
Smokin' like two packs a day
Still got about five cartons stashed away
And that's just were I'm at today
I'll be in a better place if I just passed away (sike!)
Just hop in the casket and lay
That's old school Mouse, move on, put the past away


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Buy the book now
Exposing lies, pretensions and stupidity in the world of food.
Heart of the Problem
Saturday, August 25, 2018
One Size Fits All
Jul 06, 2018
Carbs, Carbs, Carbs I am a middle aged man who loves carbs. Yet somehow, I don't have Type 2 Diabetes or cancer. Strangely however, I do not feel that my diet holds a magical secret. I feel no desire to share the details of it with the world. I do not feel qualified to give anyone dietary advice based on the things that I eat, because I appreciate that I am different to other people. There are a million genetic, lifestyle and physiological factors that mean that what works for me, might not
Thermidor - Part 2
Jun 23, 2018
Welcome back. About time. What you been messing around at? Oh, nothing. Just off in that there London, after being nominated for two prestigious food writing awards. Yeah, you lost them both. Ha. Loser. Thanks. You do know that our book was the only one up for two separate awards, after being chosen out of a list of hundreds by a panel of expert food writers. They said it was 'startling and important'. Whatevs. Donald Trump becoming US president was startling and important. I'm pretty sure
Thermidor - Part 1
Jun 07, 2018
I didn't really think much about it at the time, but a while ago I starting getting called a Neo-Marxist on Twitter. In fact, along with Captain Science, I was painted as the head of a vast Neo-Marxist conspiracy, mainly comprised of people criticising pseudoscience and dietary extremism. And a small number of Twitter users seemed to be very cross about it. I thought this was a little strange, especially given that I was not really sure what a Neo-Marxist was. Even now I am not 100% clear on
Find a Quiet Place
May 14, 2018
I am now well into my mid-forties. I feel pretty fucking old most of the time. I am on the downward slope towards my demise, with my best years firmly behind me. These days, when something minor goes wrong with my body, I tend to shrug and grimly expect that I will have to put up with it until death. I have problems with my left ear and my right shoulder, neither of which are ever likely to improve. This could be quite depressing I suppose, but I actually quite enjoy getting older. I am wiser,


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President Barack Obama has described recent lapses in intelligence that allowed a would-be terrorist to board a Christmas Day flight to Detroit as systemic failures. But these were not failures of systems; they were failures of people using the systems.
It's important to remember that the best of systems are no good if they are not used properly or not used at all. The use of computers and networks to share information and make it available throughout a widespread intelligence community has improved greatly in the last eight years but, in the end, our ability to use the intelligence depends on our ability to put eyeballs on the data and make decisions.
It was the eyeballs that apparently failed in the Christmas Day incident, not the technology. Correcting the problems that led to that failure is not going to happen quickly.
Effective sharing of intelligence traditionally has been hampered by technology and by culture. Computer systems that store, process and transmit the data were built more with an eye toward controlling the data rather than sharing it. And in a culture where knowledge is power, you don't give away information.
When it became clear that this environment was failing to protect the nation from many threats, correcting the technology part was relatively simple. The databases and other systems now serving the intelligence community might not be perfect but, in this case, they appear to have performed as intended and the necessary information was available.
It is not clear that the problem of culture has been completely solved. Things have improved, but priorities still seem to fall along organizational lines so that pieces of information do not get the attention they deserve outside the organization that generated them. That probably is due in part to the amount of manpower available to do the analysis.
The failures described in Obama's review of the incident were primarily on the analysis side. Available information was not properly prioritized and followed up and the would-be terrorist's name, although in the system, was not moved to the proper list. It was in the focus and priorities that things failed, not in information sharing.
The president has promised to sharpen the focus and make officials accountable for following up critical information. But no mention is being made of the critical element needed to make these promises pay off. That is manpower. We have automated systems to collect, filter, process, and transmit the data. But we still need to have eyeballs to examine it and make decisions.
We need people making critical decisions because computers, although they can be fast and efficient, are stupid. They will search for and find exactly what they are told to look for, but they need people to tell them what that is. In the end, it is far more effective for a human brain to pick out the tell-tale traits of a terrorist than it is to try to describe those traits to a computer.
Computers are useful in filtering data according to set criteria, flagging it when criteria are met and then alerting someone. But eventually someone with reasoning power needs to make the decision whether the conditions identified by a computer amount to terrorism.
We don't know exactly why the whistles did not go off when a person whose name was in a database purchased a one-way ticket with cash and then checked no luggage on the flight. That is the kind of correlation a computer should be good at. But the plot could have been identified well before that point, and even if the system is tweaked to blow the whistles when something like that occurs, we still need more people looking at the data.
If Obama's reforms are to work, if focus is going to be sharpened and people held accountable for improved results, we are going to need more trained, experienced people examining suspicious data, and that is going to take time. We should start now finding, hiring and training those people.
About the Author
William Jackson is a Maryland-based freelance writer.
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I wonder How many scenario tests have come out of this Problem? If there were a Basic Scenario for each type of Targeted Intelligence to look for, there may be a better way to Identify the Targeted Threats, that are imposed by every known Penetration. Then to Cross The Threats into a Camouflage type of Scenario testing that would make a more Exposed Threat to be detected. This would make it easier to establish between Complex Threats and Simple Threats maybe. Then Human Error might not be so hard to do. If it makes sense it may gain an Advantage on the Threat Initiatives, as well as Detections too. If the Threats are Advisable.The best threat detection may be as easy as Intimidation too.
I suspect the system the president refered to includes the computer technology and the people that use it.
I heard an Israeli security consultant state it the other way around: Security systems need to back up the best quailifed human beings. This matches my experiences with any other type of system in solving unstructured problems.
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I'm looking for a "dual sport" tire for my R and the new "Tourance Next" comes in the R sizes. The Next comes standard on the Wethead GS.
The tire won Motorrad's enduro tire shoot out. It did appear to be mainly a road test. The tire is billed as a 90/10 street/dirt tire.
What are your impressions so far?


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Dear all;
The converted Polaroid seems to be working out for it's intended purpose.
The photo's in the following link were all on HP5, and commercial processing. I had some issues with the first set of shots from the grafmatic, so I took me out of the loop as much as possible, and the lab got images, not all black negatives, so ..... it was me the first time!
The film set is here:
The whole set, Polaroid, Digital, Film is here:
The user is Guest ( capital G), and the password is matrix.
These are NUDE photos, if that offends you, or is not within your work policy, don't look!
Please feel free to C&C


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It's been over 10 years since victims of rape have been able to get their sexual assault examinations done in Boulder County. But the Boulder District Attorney's Office is now leading a push to bring a Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner program back to Boulder to ease the stress on victims who currently must go to either Loveland or Westminster for that procedure.
"Sexual assault prosecutions are something that is very important to this office and to this community," said Boulder County District Attorney Stan Garnett. "It's frustrating that we don't have a convenient SANE facility that the
victims can access during a very difficult process."
Boulder County used to be home to a Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner program that opened in the Child and Family Advocacy Center in Niwot in 1997. The program was staffed by nurses trained in forensics and specialized in performing sexual assault examinations, which are carried out in most sexual assault investigations.
But the program shut down in 1999 after its medical director and four nurses resigned following a dispute with the Boulder County Sheriff's Office on the handling of a sexual assault case. The Movement to End Sexual Assault program in Boulder tried to host a program for a few years, but funding issues forced them to drop it in 2002.
So for the past decade, victims of sexual assaults would have to be taken by law enforcement to SANE units in either Medical Center of the Rockies in Loveland or St. Anthony's Hospital in Westminster -- 30 or 40 minute drives depending on where the victim lives.
"They not only have to have the exams done, they have to drive to St. Anthony's or Medical Center of the Rockies," said Lora Atkinson, the executive director of MESA. "It would be incredible to have a local facility where the exams could be done."
Atkinson said going through the examinations can be a very traumatic experience for the victims who are sometimes just hours removed from the assault.
"It takes a lot of courage and bravery to go get a forensic exam," Atkinson said. "It's important for our community to remember sexual assault is a traumatic crime and having a supportive place to go and having it close to where the survivor lives will help with the trauma."
'Every city needs one'
When Renee Dulany was bound and raped at knifepoint in her bedroom in Longmont in 1996, Boulder's SANE program hadn't yet opened, so instead she was taken to a hospital in Longmont for her examination.
"There was a whole lot of chaos going on, it
was not horribly comfortable," Dulany said. "It's like going through the whole incident again."
Dulany said she thinks the environment at a SANE facility would likely have been less traumatizing than a busy hospital.
"SANE clinics will have some sensitivity that you're not going to get at a regular hospital," she said.
But while she wasn't at a SANE facility, Dulany said because the facility was at least close to where she lived, she had friends and family there to support her. She said if she was taken to either Loveland or Westminster like victims are today, she is not sure if that would have been the case.
"I walked out and had a room full of family and support, and I can't imagine that happening if I went that far away," Dulany said. "If they would have taken me that far from my home and family, I don't know that I would have done very well at all, not that I was doing well anyway."
Dulany -- who now lives in Englewood and has become an advocate for sexual assault victims -- said she thinks there should be a SANE facility in every city.
"I think every city needs one within 15 minutes," she said. "I would have been an absolute mess if I didn't have people there for me."
Essential for prosecution
Dulany's case also serves as a reminder for how important SANE examinations can be. Dulany's rapist was not found for 10 years until DNA collected from her examination was put into a database and turned out to
be a match to her former neighbor, Rudy Gaytan, who was later convicted in the crime.
"A SANE exam has become an essential piece of the prosecution of a sexual assault," said Boulder County Deputy District Attorney Katharina Booth, who is the chief of the sexual assault and domestic violence unit with the DA's office. "It can make or break a case."
Booth said the examinations are particularly important in cases in which the victims were either asleep, drugged or too drunk to remember details of the assault or if the assault even occurred.
"Oftentimes, especially in Boulder, we have a fairly large case load of very intoxicated females who are passed out or otherwise debilitated and don't know what happened to them or don't know if they were sexually assaulted," Booth said.
"Having a SANE exam completed is again the essential piece to help prove that sexual contact occurred."
Booth said investigators try to have SANE examinations done within 72 hours of the assault, since evidence can be lost with the passage of time. But with time such a factor, victims of sexual assaults -- which most often occur late at night or early in the morning -- can often find themselves being driven to Westminster or Loveland and then waiting for an on-call nurse to respond.
"People are tired and exhausted, and add the trauma of the event and it can completely wreck a victim," Booth said.
Booth said that is why she thinks a closer SANE facility would encourage more victims to get the examinations -- which are completely voluntary.
"I think it would really encourage our survivors to participate in the examination," Booth said. "There's the comfort zone of being in your own community and friends or victim advocates can get there."
Added Atkinson, "There's a healing process that sexual assault survivors have to go through. Having the exam closer to our community where they are treated properly during the evidence collection will help in the recovery."
Getting the program
But just because Boulder County could benefit from a SANE facility doesn't necessarily mean such a program would be sustainable in Boulder County.
Janine D'Anniballe was the director of MESA when the Boulder County program ultimately shut down. While the Niwot facility closed in 1999 due to the conflict with the DA's Office, she said MESA's program had other issues.
"We didn't have enough funding to keep it sustainable, we didn't have enough nurses and we didn't have a high enough volume of cases in Boulder County area to keep the nurses up to speed on their skills," D'Anniballe said. She added that while it was disappointing to see the program in Boulder close, in a way she was relieved to see the program move to St. Anthony's.
"I knew they would have the ability to recruit more nurses and there would be a higher volume of cases to keep the program more sustainable," she said. "I honestly feel like it was a mixed bag. On one hand, it felt like a loss for the community and a loss for the victims. But there was almost a sense of relief in some ways because it was a more sustainable option for the long-term viability of the program."
But D'Anniballe said she had hope Boulder could now sustain a SANE facility.
"Obviously a big part is what entity could step in to fund it," she said. "St. Anthony's has really backed the program and continues funding to keep it going. If Boulder County can get behind the program from a financial standpoint -- and not just a moral support standpoint but actually contribute financial resources to the program -- then it can work."
Booth added there are some other obstacles to finding a facility to host a SANE program. Many of the medical procedures done after a SANE exam involve contraception, which can rule out some facilities with religious ties. She said there is also a high turnover rate for SANE nurses.
"By the very nature of that kind of work, it's traumatic work and it can be pretty hard on medical providers who do that kind of work," Booth said. "You are helping young ladies who are in one of the worst states of their lives."
Booth also added it's important that a Boulder SANE unit not interfere with the operation of the St. Anthony's or Medical Center of the Rockies SANE programs.
"They're both excellent programs, and we certainly want to see their survival and success," Booth said.
The Boulder Police Department said while it would take its victims to a Boulder SANE program, they are still very happy with the work the SANE unit at St. Anthony's does.
"I think if something were available here that was very accessible to us we would use it, but we're very happy with St. Anthony's," said Boulder police spokeswoman Kim Kobel. "We have a great relationship with them and they have a really great program."
But Garnett said while his office also has not had any problem with the St. Anthony's program, he still thinks Boulder needs its own.
"We appreciate St. Anthony's working with us, but we need to get that capacity back in Boulder County," Garnett said.
Garnett said he is reaching out to local police chiefs and other agencies to get the ball rolling. He believes in order to prevent the type of interagency disagreements that led to the closing of the SANE unit in 1999, his office needs to help get everyone on the same page.
"The first issue is there has to be strong leadership and it has to come from my office," Garnett said. "My view is that Boulder County is a community that cares a lot about public safety including sex crimes and also has a university. We should have a convenient and accessible SANE facility for the folks that report a sexual assault."
Atkinson said that new leadership is why she is hopeful a Boulder SANE program will become a reality.
"I think it demonstrates our DA's office is very progressive and victim centered that Stan is taking an active approach to getting the conversation started," she said. "I think the message the survivors receive if you have this available in the community is that rape is a problem for the entire community."
Contact Camera Staff Writer Mitchell Byars at 303-473-1329 or email@example.com.
MESA hotline
To reach the Movement to End Sexual Assault's 24-hour crisis hotline, call 303-443-7300 ___


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Shefali Tsabary's 10-year-old daughter has never seen a report card. They don't even talk about grades. If, as happened recently, her daughter brings home a test marked A, Tsabary doesn't praise the achievement, even though she has plenty of high-status letters attached to her own name including MA and PhD.
The clinical psychologist and practitioner of eastern philosophy and meditation did not want to impose the blueprint of her own experience on her daughter. In a time when parents claw for "gifted" designations, positions on "gold" soccer teams and talk "resumés" in grade school, her approach is radical.
"From Day 1 as a parent I decided I would focus only on effort. Most of us are so obsessed with performance, it kills the ability to enjoy effort," said Tsabary, author of The Conscious Parent.
Tsabary is a New York-based clinical psychologist who works with families in crisis. When families come to her in dire need, she said, "they come and want me to 'fix' their child."
The child is never the problem, said Tsabary.
Clashes between parents and children, whether over homework, grades, expectations, tattoos, hair or hobbies, offer a unique opportunity for parents to reflect on their own unresolved issues. The more we "bind our children to our own approval," the more fraught the issues can be.
When the inevitable clashes over expectations, homework, commitment or choices occur, Tsabary suggests parents redirect their examination to themselves. "Ask, 'Is this to fulfil my needs or to fulfil my child's need?' " Are you projecting your own ego onto your child? is another key question parents must ask.
"We carry emotional legacies from our own childhood. They impact us so deeply. Then when we have children there is no escape. We confront the clash of the new spirit with our own. We either beat that spirit down to meet our own agenda, or we realize our child's spirit needs to soar in its own direction."
The premise that children are not here to fulfil their parents' needs but to become fully evolved, independent and unique beings is at the core of Tsabary's work.
"Your children are not here to enact your fantasies and dreams," she says. Conscious parenting is about letting go of your own desire to write your child's future, says Tsabary, a task so difficult it is like a "psychic death."
"Parenthood is a setup. It's a hoax. On one level they are ours, and yet precisely because they are ours, we are asked to let go of that ownership." It's not easy: when our children are infants and toddlers, we dress them, feed them and control their access to the world. As they grow, so does our investment, and so do the difficulties. "Here we are, we are slaving away, giving everything to them, emotionally drained, but spiritually we are supposed to let them be free."
The clash, especially in the teen years, between parents and children is one of spirits, says Tsabary, but it appears in other forms: getting into a particular program or school, maintaining a weight, obeying rules and generally representing what the parents want.
Our job, she argues, is not to get our children to match a set of external values. "It's about turning them to their own knowing."
When our children are connected to a love of what they are doing, and have a spirited sense of their own value, they will naturally become engaged, whether it's finishing a project or sticking with piano.
"A small percentage of children will put in effort because they want to please the parent," said Tsabary. She likens the pressure on children to compete, perform and conform to "going to the gym and being weighed in front of everybody else. You are not going to want to go."
When we focus on performance we kill a child's natural joy in simply engaging with a task or the world at large.
That doesn't mean the kid runs the show. "They want to watch TV until 7: 30, you only want them to watch until 7. Let's negotiate so we can both be winners."
Conflicts and flashpoints are a call to spiritual growth. Engaging in some kind of mindful practice, whether it's meditation or yoga or long walks, to help gain some perspective is an essential.
For Tsabary and her own family, conscious parenting is a daily challenge, a practice that unfolds "moment by moment," but well worth the effort. "When kids learn parents are there to listen and validate as they grow, the growth will be phenomenal."


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Shrieking Shack
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Donna Marie Drefke, age 92, of Adrian passed away Monday, Jan. 20, 2014, at Charlotte Stephenson Manor.
Donna Marie Drefke, age 92, of Adrian passed away Monday, Jan. 20, 2014, at Charlotte Stephenson Manor.
She was born May 6, 1921, in Toledo, Ohio, to William Priden and Hazel Florence (Betts) Hersey. Donna was a 1940 graduate of Libby High School; she then graduated from Davis Business College. She married Elmer Drefke on Nov. 8, 1947; he preceded her in death. Donna was a long-time member of Christ the Redeemer Lutheran Church. At one time she was active in the Urban Homes extension club.
Donna is survived by one son, Jeffrey (Lorra) Drefke; three grandchildren, Kate, Jessica Anne (Adam) Root, and Abigail Lynne; and a sister-in-law, Geraldine Drefke. In addition to her husband, she was preceded in death by her parents.
Funeral services for Donna will be held at 11 a.m. Friday, Jan. 24, 2014, at Christ the Redeemer Lutheran Church with Pastor Denise Benjamin officiating. Interment will be in Lenawee Hills Memorial Park, Adrian. Visitation will be from 2 to 4 and 6 to 8 p.m. Thursday at the Anderson Funeral Home, Adrian. Visitation will also be held on Friday, from 10 to 10:45 a.m. prior to the service at the church.
You may send condolences to the family at www.andersonfuneral services.com. Memorial contributions may be made to Christ the Redeemer Lutheran Church. Envelopes are available at the Anderson Funeral Home, Adrian.


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Philadelphia Information Locator Service
Agency Information
Philadelphia Economic Development Committee[Record group 60-18-1]
Agency Function
- The purposes of this committee are:
- to prepare and revise a "workable program" for economic development;
- to serve as an umbrella organization which could work with operating organizations and agencies in the further development of suggested policies and programs;
- to advise the Mayor and major community organizations on the combination of action programs which should be given top priority; and
- to elicit community-wide support for the programs and projects.
- Agency History
- The Philadelphia Economic Development Committee was formed in December 1963 by Mayor James H. J. Tate. It was composed of 30 members representing the City administration, business, industry, labor, education, citizen and religious organizations and minority groups.
- Archival Records
- 60-18-1.1 Reports (1964-1965)
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Last updated on July 9, 1999


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About the Brand:
Hermes is undoubtedly one of the most important luxury brands in the world producing some of the finest products. The brand specializes in leather, luxury accessories, luxury goods and ready-to-wear products. Thierry Hermes founded the fashion house that bears his name in Paris in 1837 as a harness company catering to noble French men.
Condition: Very Good
Size: 7.5" H x 4" L x 1.5" W
Origin: France


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[Road to Ithaca] Yoon Do-hyun gets pissed off in front of camera!
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"Gotham" has been teasing fans with casting and posters and trailers, but now some will finally get to see a world premiere of how all of that dark imagery jells — at the one place that could possibly make or break the show: Comic-Con International.
The chronicle of Det. James Gordon and a young Bruce Wayne set to air on Fox isn't the only DC Comics-based show that will invade San Diego. A complete pilot for the CW's "The Flash," a glimpse at Season 3 of its network ally "Arrow" and footage from NBC's "Constantine" will all be presented by Warner Bros. Television and DC Entertainment on Saturday, July 26, during the pop-culture exposition. Cast members and producers from all four shows will make appearances throughout the night following the screenings.
The three-hour event will bring together the shows for what will be an exclusive(s) evening. Often, shows will screen at multiple events or venues during Comic-Con, but "Gotham" will only show at the WBTV/DC event.
It's a highly anticipated show, so the program will probably also be tough to get into — even if it's housed in the cavernous Hall H. The cast includes Ben McKenzie as Det. James Gordon; David Mazouz as a preteen Bruce Wayne, the orphan who eventually becomes Batman; Jada Pinkett Smith as original character Fish Mooney, a sadistic gangster boss and nightclub owner; Camren Bicondova as Selina Kyle, she who will be Batman's nemesis and ally, Catwoman; Zabryna Guevara ("Burn Notice," "3 lbs.") as Capt. Essen, Gordon's boss at the Gotham City Police Department homicide squad; and Erin Richards as Gordon's fiancée Barbara Kean, an emergency room doctor.
Though "The Flash" has been beset with early reports of the pilot, or parts of it, leaking online, a full-length, official viewing will also take place during the night. The show premieres Oct. 7 at 8 p.m. on the CW and stars Grant Gustin ("Glee") as Barry Allen, a police scientist who becomes the fastest man alive. The show will get the good fortune of getting an encore airing following the Season 3 premiere of "Arrow," which is only fitting since that's where Gustin's Allen originated on TV. "Flash" comes from executive producers Greg Berlanti, Andrew Kreisberg and David Nutter, who are behind "Arrow."
"Arrow" itself will not (unless it's a surprise!) screen the entirety of its Season 3 premiere, but promises never-before-seen teaser footage to go along with the cast and producer Q&A.
And then there's "Constantine." The first trailer for the show about DC Comic's mage with an attitude — John Constantine — was only recently released, but Matt Ryan's portrayal of the trenchcoated troublemaker is turning heads following the 2005 film starring Keanu Reeves. An occult detective from Liverpool, Constantine served as the lead character in the "Hellblazer" comic book series and now leads "Justice League Dark." The show is slated for an Oct. 24 premiere on NBC, and plans to reveal exclusive footage during the night.
So, even though DC won't have any heroes in theaters until 2016's "Batman v. Superman: Dawn of Justice," fans needn't worry. There's plenty of them to go around.
— Jevon Phillips | @storiz | @LATherocomplex
'The Flash' first look: Grant Gustin's full Flash costume
'The Flash' will zip all over The CW
'Constantine': Matt Ryan confronts his demons for NBC show
'Gotham' Series casts young Bruce Wayne, Selina Kyle
Ben Affleck makes Batman debut: Fans react
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' renewed for second season
'Wonder Woman' on TV? Is she the 'trickiest' hero?
'Shazam!' When superheroes weren't cool


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Hey folks, just joined the forum and I'm looking for some advice.
My roommates and I just picked up an old kegerator, and needless to say, it needs some work. Overall the whole kegerator is in pretty good condition, plus it gives me something to tinker with on my down time. The door is bowed from the temperature changes and is beyond repair. I've outlined a new one to have my sheet metal guy build, but I was wondering if there was a place I could go to just buy a new one? Building my own is going to cost 50-60 bucks, which isn't bad, but I'm looking for the best option.
Also, the fan seems to work most of the time, but once in a while you have to tap it for it to engage. Is there an easy/cost effective way to fix this? Or just I just replace the unit?
Thanks in advance folks!


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Saying the best days for Chatham County Juvenile Court lie ahead, Judge John W. Beam Jr. today stepped down after 32 years as presiding judge, passing the gavel to Judge Patricia Parker Stone.
"I am convinced the best days of Juvenile Court are in its future," Beam told a packed ballroom at the Savannah Civic Center.
He will become senior judge on Monday in the court he has served since 1980, and Stone moves to the presiding judge post.
New judge Lisa Goldwire Colbert, still wiping her eyes from her introduction by Chatham County Superior Court Judge Louisa Abbot, took the oath from Abbot to become the court's newest judge.
Judge LeRoy Burke III will round out the three-judge court.
Stone told the audience that the work on the court "is important and really it could not be done without community support. ... It truly is a ministry or a calling to do this work."
In her remarks, Abbot said that Colbert, who worked for her a staff attorney before moving to assistant county attorney, warned the audience the new judge likely would tear up hearing the judge's introduction.
She recalled Colbert's "vibrancy and engaging personality. Her compassion came through immediately" during their first meeting.
"As tender-hearted as she is, she is tenacious."
"She defends those she loves and she defends those who don't have a defender."


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180 million years ago, in an area now lying across Kentucky and Virginia, a vast inland sea receded, leaving in its wake a veritable cradle of botany. Meanwhile the river that is now Russell Fork got about the work of carving out an immense, spectacular gorge, renowned as the largest east of the Mississippi. Here fractal ferns, galax, colts foot, tea berries and a profusion of fungi and moss species dot an undergrowth of rich greens with their bright yellows, oranges and pinks.
Hikers, be prepared for the catch of breath as you lift your eyes from the delicate landscape underfoot to the wonder of a raptor soaring overhead. Boaters, rafters, horseback riders, take a moment to rest in awe of these timeless mountains, as their undulating profiles resolve into the distance in ever-paler shades of blue.
Biking, hiking, riding, rafting…no matter how you choose to move through The Breaks Interstate Park, you will find yourself exploring, just like those who came here first. Passing through the ancient hunting grounds of the Shawnee and Cherokee, one might just as easily be tracking the 18th century legend of the lost silver mines of John Swift or following the footsteps of Daniel Boone as he searched for a new way into Kentucky and the Ohio River Valley. In 1767 Boone finally discovered the single passage through the 125-mile stretch of Pine Mountain, and thus gave the area its name: The Breaks. Like these early wanderers, today's visitors are greeted by hidden ponds and craggy rock faces, by awesome critters, and starry nights scented by bloom…in short, by wonders at every turn. But, as exciting as their early explorations surely were, Mr. Swift and Mr. Boone may have wished for the cozier accommodations to be found here these days—as well as the welcoming smiles of an extraordinary park staff.
Do come visit us. If you have never been here, it's time to make plans. If you're returning soon, read through our website to discover new ways to spend your time well. Remember, 4600 acres of pristine beauty are ready to welcome you back.
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The earliest, easiest form of travel was by water with Lewis and Clark in 1804 struggling upstream against the current and dead trees at 4 mph then racing back downstream at twice that speed under oar. By 1920, the fastest ocean liner in the world,
Mud and Muck
The earliest, easiest form of travel was by water with Lewis and Clark in 1804 struggling upstream against the current and dead trees at 4 mph then racing back downstream at twice that speed under oar. By 1920, the fastest ocean liner in the world, the German Mauretania, crossed the Atlantic at 27 mph.
The fastest travel by land was by train at 60-70 mph over the best roadbeds down to 20-25 mph on curves, steep grades, and over poor terrain. When my Dad was born, life moved at the pace of a horse, which varies from a walk (4 mph), trot (8 mph), canter or "lope" (16-27 mph), gallop or "run" (25-30 mph) for distances of 1.5 to 2.5 miles. The fastest horses could exceed 50 mph but for only one-quarter mile. In races between the two species over a 22-mile course, men always beat horses who periodically had to be rested and watered. For only 100 meters, the fastest man in the world today, Jamaican Usain Bolt, has reached 27.79 mph.
At the turn of the 20th century, America was a tangled mass of trees and vines with neither roads nor bridges to span the chasms, and what primitive trails existed became a quagmire of mud and gluey muck after rains.
Though he didn't enter WWI in Europe, Lt. Colonel Dwight Eisenhower learned the value of good roads from the Germans. Fighting a two-front war in France, the Germans were able to shift troops and materials across France's roads from the western front in France to the Eastern France in Russia. WWI was fought in the mud and good, hard surface roads made a huge favorable—and lasting--impression on him.
The Great Trek
By 1913 the nation was quickly entering the automobile age. The nation's great cities had one horse for every 7 to 10 inhabitants, and in New York City those beasts left behind 2.5 million pounds of scat and 60,000 gallons of urine DAILY! (When residents said they were "pooped," they knew whereof they spoke!) *
A group of car enthusiasts, industrialists in the automobile industry and civic boosters in cities along the way, organized a cross-country tour in 1913 the route for which followed the "Lincoln Highway and the Pony Express. They covered the 2,753-mile route in 15-1/2th days. In three years, better roads and vehicles had the same trip by a casual motorist to 6-1/2 days for a 24-hour average speed of 20 mph. There were then 3.4 million cars and doubling every two years.
Though states received federal aid for road construction in 1918-19, there was no national highway system connecting states. The real need was for hard surfaces and strong bridges capable of withstanding the hard pounding of the narrow, solid-core rubber truck tires bearing enormous loads per square inch. (Compare the psi-load of a 300-pound man standing on your chest in running shoes with a 150 lady in spike heels!)
As in France, those tires were destroying America's best roads. Consequently, the Army decided to conduct an Army Truck Train from Washington to San Francisco to test our readiness to transport material during a war. Twenty-eight-year-old Colonel Eisenhower was by then bored with the peacetime army and invited himself along as a "tank corps observer."
July 7, 1919, 260 soldiers and 35 officers manned 72 vehicles, 65 of them trucks, set out from the ellipse behind the White House for Gettysburg, picking up Eisenhower and his buddy along the way. That first day they averaged 6 mph over the 46-mile course—crushing 14 bridges along the way by Eisenhower's count.
Reaching the Great Salt Lake they sunk beneath the crust into a think black muck so hard on the trucks they literally harnessed teams of soldiers who, like oxen, pulled it across. Sixty-two days and 3,242 miles from the start they reached San Francisco. Their experience convinced Congress and the nation of the need for better inter-state roads. Consequently, the Federal Highway Act of 1921 was passed with provision for up to 7 percent of its funds for intra-state roads to be for used to construct inter-state highways. Classification and construction standards were mainly federal functions. By 1921, a million men labored on the nation's streets and roads.
• Swift, Earl, 'Big Roads", Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 2011.