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I'd like to thank Kurt Nagle and the AAPA for inviting me to participate in your Association's annual convention. Eighty-eight years! That certainly is a testament to the value and effectiveness of your organization.
Ports and marine terminals obviously play a critical role in U.S. ocean commerce. And as we approach the next century, you are right in the middle of the debates on harbor maintenance funding, port dredging, U.S. cabotage laws, and proposals regarding the cruise industry, while at the same time adjusting to the impacts of our new shipping statute.
I've been asked to discuss the current issues and proceedings before my agency, the FMC. So I thought I'd give you somewhat of a status report on the Commission. I intend to cover three specific areas. First, just where the Commission is devoting its attention - the projects and responsibilities we're focusing on right now. I then will briefly update you on some of the more relevant cases and issues we're addressing. And third, I'd like to finish up by mentioning a few of the more important matters facing the ocean shipping industry in the months and years ahead.
So what are we up to at the FMC right now? Well, I can begin by telling you that I am deeply involved in what I hope will be a successful effort in convincing Congress of the need for adequate funding for the FMC. Due to the tight funding caps placed on the Appropriations Committee, the Commission's budget situation for the fiscal year beginning in 3 days is not a bright one. Similar to other agencies in government, our appropriators have straightlined us for fiscal year 2000 at the same budget we currently are operating under, $14,150,000. Our oversight committees in both the House and the Senate earlier had voted out a budget for us of $15,685,000, which was more in line with the request the President sent to Congress.
But it's the appropriators who have the final say in this area, and we are left to do all we can to impress upon those members the absolute importance of the Commission being adequately funded, particularly as we implement OSRA and begin to address our new responsibilities under that statute. I have not been shy about stating that my agency has been operating at far less than optimum budget levels for a few years running. Our hope is that the caps will be lifted and that the Commission will be funded at a level that allows us to perform the job Congress just laid out for us in passing OSRA last October. Absent positive action in this regard, the Commission will be faced both with some very difficult personnel issues, along with the prospect of pursuing implementation of this new statute at a distinct disadvantage. Being an optimist, I am hopeful that this situation will be resolved in a positive manner.
Now, I'm not spending all my time dealing with budget issues. A significant amount, yes. But believe me, the Commission remains a busy place. We have been in high gear for over a year straight now, and I don't see much slowdown in the future.
We completed all final rules implementing the new provisions of OSRA by March 1st, as statutorily required. That was no small task. Since that time we have been assessing all of our rules to determine where they might need to be tweaked or refined. The industry and the maritime bar have been helpful in that regard, contacting us about provisions that they believe could benefit from clarification. We continue to analyze this situation and will be prepared to initiate any clarifying rulemakings if necessary.
We also have spent a great deal of time addressing the industry's efforts to comply with the new statutory requirements as reflected in our amended rules. And I'm speaking here basically about technical requirements -- I'll get to substantive issues in a moment. As an example, all carriers are now required to publish tariff information in their own automated systems. Congress mandated that those systems be accessible to the public and accurate. Initially, we have focused on determining the accessibility of carrier tariffs. Considering the number of liner companies and NVOs who operate in U.S. trades, we've had our hands full.
Closer to home for you all, we also have been monitoring the publication of MTO schedules. To date, approximately 175 MTOs have filed the required form with the Commission advising us of pertinent information such as their corporate name, contact person, and the Internet address for any MTO schedule they publish. Based on our records, that means that there could be as many as 100 MTOs who have yet to file this information with the Commission. We will be contacting those parties to clarify any misunderstandings and to obtain the necessary information. Of those 175 I just mentioned, most, or approximately 145, have published MTO schedules applying to their operations. I'm really not in a position to speak to the substance or content of those sites, but you all are free to review them by accessing the Commission's Homepage to obtain the Internet address for any schedule in which you are interested.
The Commission also has been inundated with service contract filings since May 1st - 15,000 in May and June alone, with a projection that we will receive approximately 29,000 in the May 1st - September 30 time frame. And you can add almost 35,000 contract amendments to that figure. So in addition to expending a great deal of time and effort to provide the industry with a viable system for the electronic filing of contracts, you can see that we have been somewhat overwhelmed with the number we have received and must process.
The same goes for ocean transportation intermediary licenses. We are in the process of dealing with approximately 300 new applications, and almost 4,000 grandfathered companies whom we are re-licensing. And at the same time, we have been reviewing and analyzing the various agreement modifications carriers have filed to comport with the changes wrought by OSRA and our implementing regulations.
On the more substantive side, OSRA permits agreements to establish voluntary guidelines covering their members' individual service contracting efforts. These guidelines must be filed confidentially with the FMC. We are somewhat surprised at the relatively few agreements that have implemented such guidelines to date, but we will be vigilant in monitoring operations pursuant to them to discern any potential abuses of market power or other activities prohibited by the Act.
We also have been trying to keep up with the actual terms and provisions of new service contracts to identify any innovative and creative approaches that are developing. And, while OSRA has made significant modifications to the prohibited acts section of the 1984 Act, the Commission maintains a good deal of responsibility to address malpractices. We continue to be active in this regard in order to obtain statutory compliance and to do what we can to ensure the existence of equitable trading conditions.
And lastly, we have been analyzing our future role and what we need to do to effectively accomplish it. OSRA has changed the landscape of ocean shipping. Its key provisions provide greater flexibility and freedom for the industry to conduct its business, while at the same time expecting the marketplace to dictate industry activities and practices. Nonetheless, Congress has maintained a specific oversight role for the Commission in several areas, some new and some changed. And I have maintained for some time that the Commission's oversight role is one of the key elements in what I've referred to as the three-legged stool underlying OSRA, that is, retention of antitrust immunity for carriers combined with less transparency of industry activities, requires ongoing and effective government oversight of resulting practices and behavior. We have been advised by Congress that we are expected to effectively and pragmatically perform this oversight function.
With that in mind, the Commission has been looking at itself. Our role has changed. Actually, our role has been changing over the last several years. We have placed far less emphasis on technical, regulatory matters, and have been emphasizing our international trade and transportation responsibilities. OSRA has been the impetus for us to take a completely fresh look at our strategic objectives and performance goals. As a matter of fact, we are in the process right now of modifying our priorities to ensure that they comport with the vision of OSRA, and identifying the most appropriate means for us to accomplish them. While we are far from finished and I am not in a position to give you any specific details, I can tell you that the Commission will be initiating whatever steps or actions are necessary to put us in the best position to satisfy our statutory mandates. The budget constraints I described earlier only heighten the importance of our doing so.
I don't mean to leave you all with the impression that OSRA and its implementation have been our sole focus in the recent past.
For example, this summer we disposed of three petitions which sought specific Commission action. One asked that we address the definition of the term "shipper." Another requested that we issue information demand orders to obtain operating information from the discussion agreement in the inbound transpacific trade. And a third asked us to reassess our OTI rule.
Presently, we have two proceedings in progress involving agreements. One is a proposed rule that seeks to clarify the definition of "ocean common carrier," while the other is a Notice of Inquiry requesting comments on how we can more explicitly state FMC requirements for the contents of agreements. Each of these cases hopes to remove uncertainties that have existed, and to provide clearer, more definite operating guidelines for the industry.
COSCO has requested an exemption from statutory controlled carrier provisions to enable it to publish reduced rates below those of its competitors on immediate notice. Current requirements prohibit such action. The Commission presently is weighing the justification provided by COSCO along with public comments received.
Allow me one aside here. Think back one year to all of the issues and concerns that were present in the transpacific trades. Those of you from the West Coast are probably more keenly aware of that situation. As you will recall, the trade imbalance resulting from the Asian financial crisis wreaked havoc on the ocean transportation industry. Imports were booming and exports were down, which resulted in a severe space shortage for inbound cargo. No carrier was immune from this problem, and the response of some carriers to it caused a great deal of concern for many shippers. After numerous inquiries and complaints from various shippers, the Commission began an investigation of the situation. And while we continue to pursue certain cases based on last year's activities, this year presents quite a different picture.
All indications are that the transpacific is not experiencing the divisiveness and instability of last year. Market dynamics as much as anything are the cause for this change. I would also like to think that the industry was more prepared this year after enduring last year's problems, that the Commission's fact finding initiative deterred serious malpractices or patterns of unreasonable activity, and that OSRA opened some new doors for innovation and more positive shipper/carrier relationships.
One last area of Commission activity I'd like to discuss is our pursuit of foreign government actions that impede U.S. ocean commerce or create conditions unfavorable to shipping in our trades. Government restrictions in the China trade are highest on our priority list right now, and continue to receive our close scrutiny. A delegation from China was negotiating with the Maritime Administration just last week over these issues. I had the opportunity to meet with members of the Chinese delegation and came away impressed with their recognition of the existing problems and their desire to arrive at diplomatic resolutions. However, if the past is any indication, any change in this trade will be gradual and incremental. So the Commission must stand guard and be prepared to initiate responsive action should U.S. interests or U.S. trade continue to face unfair barriers.
Allow me just one more aside. The face of U.S. liner companies indeed has changed in the past couple of years. Foreign carriers have taken over the operations of major U.S. carriers, such as Lykes and APL, and now Sea-Land and Crowley. A legitimate question for the Commission is whether and how the acquisition of our major carriers by foreign companies will affect the Commission's role in addressing restrictive foreign shipping practices. We have had a number of high-profile cases over the years, the most publicized being the Japan case, in which the agency took decisive measures on behalf of U.S. companies operating U.S.-flag vessels. But does the FMC have a role when the parties injured by unfair foreign laws and policies are other foreign interests?
The short answer is an emphatic "yes." The FMC has entertained nearly two dozen requests and petitions for action under our "section 19" authority to impose sanctions in the face of restrictive foreign practices, and a review of those matters shows that about half of the time the interests we have sought to protect are broader and more varied than "pure" U.S. companies flying the U.S. flag. We have taken action on behalf of U.S. carriers flying foreign flags; on behalf of foreign carriers flying the U.S. flag; on behalf of foreign carriers flying a third flag, when they have been unfairly precluded from serving U.S. shippers in our foreign trade; when an NVOCC was harmed by unfair foreign laws restricting its operations; and on behalf of shippers who were being denied their choice of carrier because of restrictive foreign laws and policies. This is because section 19, the statute we principally invoke, directs the FMC to address "conditions unfavorable to shipping in the foreign trade." This is a broad mandate, encompassing our ocean commerce in general, and one we have consistently interpreted as meaning exactly what it says. Section 19 is not directed solely at protecting some narrow definition of only U.S. carriers.
So do the recent changes in carrier ownership have no effect on our section 19 activities? That would be an overstatement, because the changes may affect how a party requesting FMC action portrays the harm to U.S. interests, the harm to our country's foreign trade. The negative impact on shipping, within the meaning of the statute, may be less direct than it is when the injured party is a U.S.-owned, U.S.-flag carrier being denied the opportunities foreign entities are afforded in the United States. But less direct does not mean less onerous, or having less impact, as we have consistently found in the administration of our section 19 duties. So our role remains intact, and our responsibilities in this area continue to be among the most critical with which this agency is entrusted. We stand ready to act as necessary on behalf of all involved in our ocean commerce - the carriers, U.S. or foreign, who serve our trades; the importers and exporters who rely on those carriers and who may bear the burdens of inefficiencies or expenses created by unfair laws and policies; and the ports, intermediaries and labor interests whose viability depends on a marketplace free of discriminatory and arbitrary distortions.
And I should also point out that the other major statutory tool we possess - the Foreign Shipping Practices Act of 1988 - is applicable wherever a U.S.-flag carrier is not afforded reciprocal rights by foreign laws and practices. It protects U.S. flags generally, not only those flown by U.S. companies.
I'd like to close my comments today by mentioning a few things that I see on the horizon for both the FMC and the shipping industry.
First, as for the FMC, we intend to perform an overall assessment of OSRA - both what has happened as a result of this new Act and the impact of those occurrences. We are developing an outline of how we can assess just what OSRA has done. We intend to focus on the industry's response to OSRA, what we at the Commission have seen, and just what all in the industry have done with the new freedoms and flexibilities provided by OSRA. As I mentioned, our intent is to focus on how the industry has complied with OSRA's requirements, as well as the effects on industry operations from that compliance. We hope to be in a position to both answer short-term questions about OSRA's implementation, as well as provide the President, Congress and the public with our views over a longer period of time.
And then there is antitrust immunity in the U.S. maritime trades. A common view in the industry is that it is too early at this point to determine OSRA's effects, and that it is premature to even contemplate changes to this new statute. While no one is claiming total victory with OSRA, and others are displeased with certain of its provisions, most agree that OSRA needs a chance to work before any type of changes are even considered. I agree with the wisdom in that position and would hope that all would allow OSRA time to accomplish its basic policy objectives. Despite that though, I believe antitrust immunity will continue to be the focus of much attention.
Congressman Hyde's Judiciary Committee held a hearing on antitrust immunity just days after OSRA went into effect. The OECD recently prepared a draft report for the consideration of other maritime nations which focuses on antitrust questions and the propriety of current waivers from antitrust laws. And the major shipper organization in the U.S., the NIT League, has indicated that it intends to keep a close eye on this issue. I'm not suggesting any immediate changes, but it just stands to reason that antitrust immunity for U.S. ocean shipping will remain on the radar screen.
Additionally, there can be no question that we all will have to continue to grow accustomed to dealing with mergers, consolidations, or other combinations in the maritime industry. Joint ventures, acquisitions, alliances, and other types of joint arrangements have hit all sectors of the industry. Carriers, forwarders, OTIs, and even you in the port industry continue to assess the wisdom of combining forces to create efficiencies or enhance operations. Where this will take us and where it will end is anybody's guess. One thing is for sure though, this trend shows all the signs of both continuing and probably increasing.
And lastly, I believe we all must be prepared to address the continued globalization of world commerce. We see it in the maritime industry with global service contracts, companies in all sectors merging with competitors from different countries, and operators expanding their business to markets they hadn't even thought of serving just a couple of years ago. The speed with which information is now available and the ease of communication are key factors spurring on this globalization. I believe this phenomenon will continue to dictate the success of operations and the extent to which companies wield market power or dominance.
That concludes my remarks for today. I wish you all in the port industry success as you address those issues which will impact maritime commerce in the 21st century. Thank you for having me.
This site is an official U.S. Government Website


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UNH: Corrosion caused pipe failure that burned 3 studentsBy PAUL FEELY
New Hampshire Union Leader
April 07. 2013 8:39PM
DURHAM - Officials at the University of New Hampshire have determined that a hot water pipe failure outside Hunter Hall on Saturday, that severely burned the feet of three female students, was the result of corrosion to the pipe that took place over a potentially extended period of time.
The three female students who suffered the burns while evacuating the building, whose identities have not been released by school officials, remain hospitalized in Massachusetts.
Two of the students were initially taken to Wentworth-Douglass Hospital in Dover, while the third was first taken to Portsmouth Regional Hospital.
All three were later transferred to Boston hospitals with what were believed to be third-degree burns, according to Erika Mantz, director of UNH media relations.
Mantz could not provide an update on their condition Sunday night.
Mantz said the pipe that delivers hot water to the building for the heating system is located under a pipe that delivers hot water for sinks and showers.
Mantz said school officials believe the top pipe, which is several decades old, had been slowly leaking for an undetermined amount of time, continuously spraying hot water on the second larger and newer pipe, corroding the exterior and causing premature failure.
Maintenance crews repaired the two hot water pipes leading into the building Sunday and heat was returned to Hunter, Gibbs and Engelhardt halls, known as the lower quad, shortly after 3 p.m. Sunday afternoon.
According to Mantz, the water damaged a small section of the first-floor hallway and four rooms. Students were not allowed back into Hunter Hall until about 6 p.m. Saturday.
Engelhardt Hall, located nearby, was briefly evacuated during the incident, but students were allowed back inside within 15 minutes.
Mantz said UNH administrators are in contact with the families of the three students and will provide whatever assistance they need during their recovery.

subset: commoncrawl


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I've eaten my share of leftover cake for breakfast. You bet. I felt so special, and I never worried about calories. Why should I? I was a skinny kid with a wicked sweet tooth.
So I'm starting a new tradition of baking my own birthday cake. Selfishly, this gives me a justifiable reason to go through my collection of cakes that I've collected on one of my Pinterest boards. Cake baking is therapeutic for me-- and I confess that I love the taste of cake batter.
Sweetapolita, I Am Baker, and Sprinkle Bakes. These ladies are what I consider to be the "Divas" of cake artistry, food styling and photography. I'm a total beginner with piping my frosting, and I find that's if fun to do. I aspire to get better at it, hoping it will bring out the untapped artistry in me.
I had pinned Heather's recipe, when she first posted it on her blog. Cherry Chip cake brings back fond childhood memories, and her maraschino cake was always on my mind-- it kept calling to me, and my birthday (that came and went on July 20th) was the perfect excuse to make it .
TIP: This recipes uses only egg whites. I make egg yolk-custard based ice creams, fairly often. Instead of throwing out the egg whites, I freeze them. I thaw them, in the refrigerator, and they worked out perfectly for this recipe.
I usually shy away from products that are laden with high fructose corn syrup-- but once in a while, I throw caution to the wind. Maraschino cherries spook a lot of people-- the whole Red-Dye 40 scare and the HFCS. I've always loved their bright red color, and the slight taste of almond. I love almond anything. I figure that I don't eat these very often, so I'll survive.
NOTE: With cherry season in full swing, I see no reason why you can use the real deal. It just won't have the bright pink color and flavor of maraschinos. It's definitely worth a try, though.
Cherry Concentrate on King Arthur Flours website and added, a little at a time, tasting until the cherry flavor came through-- about 2 tablespoons. It also added extra color to the batter, so I didn't need to use food coloring.
Holy Cholesterol! Did I just write FOUR sticks of butter?! Yes, I did. Shall I repeat that? Four.
Do you eat Swiss Buttercream cake every single day? Twice a week? Twice a month? No? Good! Neither do I. Consider this to be a treat, that you do-- say-- one to three times a year. Once slice, each time. Feel better?
here. You can also see an excellent tutorial on what to do if your Swiss Buttercream appears to go "wrong" on Sweetapolita's blog. I'm so pleased that I've conquered my fear of making Swiss Buttercream. The frosting has a silky texture to it. The sweetness is there, but it's not super sweet. It's a dream to frost with, too.
Grilled Planked Salmon was almost ready. I was losing natural light, so I had to cut into the cake to photograph what it looks like inside. There was no time for food-styling, so this is what I have. It was super hard for any of us to resist eating a slice, but we managed to hold off for another hour and a half.
A printable recipe card is at the end of this post. Thanks, Heather, for your beautiful cake recipes and photos. I will make this recipe, again, and I think they'd make adorable cupcakes.
It's back to school time, so I'm in the throes of my busiest work weeks. I've been registering high school kids, non-stop, because their first day of school is next Wednesday. I might be scarce for a while longer, but I'll be back with plenty of new recipes. Thanks for following me!
I always post a printable recipe card at the end of each recipe post. If you cannot view it, you might be using an older version of Internet Explorer. You should be able to view my recipe cards with Safari, Mozilla, Google Chrome and Internet Explorer. If you still can't view the recipe card, all of my recipes are stored on Key Ingredient, by clicking here. If you still can't figure out how to view the printable recipe card, please email me at email@example.com and I am happy to help.


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Jay Z and Cash Money Records have been waging a cold war ever since Cash Money CEO Baby declared Lil Wayne was better lyrically and had more money than Jay Z in a 2009 interview.
Jay fired back at Baby's slander on H.A.M., the first single from 'Watch the Throne', with the line, "Really, you got baby money. Keep it real with niggas, Niggas ain't got my lady money".
Well last night Lil Wayne kicked it up a notch...
Last night the song 'It's Good' from Weezy's upcoming 'Tha Carter IV' leaked that included the line,
"talkin bout baby money, I got your baby money. kidnap your bitch get that how much you love your lady money."


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The Daily Word in pit mining, DOJ probe and slaughterhouse slander
In Alibi-centric news, our second issue of 2014 proffers: a Crib Notes websclusive; Odds & Ends; a review of the Coen Bros. latest, Inside Llewyn Davis; deets on three (metal+mariachi, Americana, bluegrass, EBM and no wave) concerts in Four Up; the November/2013 edition of Last Month in Music; an interview with acclaimed author Ruth Ozeki; and a review of Chopstix.
The New Mexico Water Quality Control Commission (WQCC) voted unanimously to reject a delay of revised copper pit mining rules.
ICYMI: This past weekend in Santa Fe, Cormac McCarthy's ex-wife, Jennifer McCarthy, surprised her current boyfriend by hiding a handgun in her vagina ... after a heated argument about extraterrestrial life.
A DOJ probe into Albuquerque's officer-involved shootings approaches its final stages.
Roswell horse slaughterhouse Valley Meat Co. announces its intent to sue NM Attorney General Gary King for slander, harassment, conspiracy and abuse of process.
After a "Sopranos"-esque traffic incident, Chris Christie celebrates dashed presidential hopes by apologizing and firing a key aide.


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GUATEMALA CITY (AP) — Guatemalan authorities say a radio journalist has been shot to death in the eastern province of Zacapa.
Fire department spokesman Sergio Vasquez says firefighters found the body of Jesus Lima on Tuesday inside his car parked outside the Sultana Radio station in the city of Zacapa. He had been shot twice.
Vasquez says the 68-year-old radio reporter was about to go into work when he was killed.
Miguel Gonzales is a member of Newsroom, a non-governmental group that trains journalists in the Zacapa area. He says three journalists have been killed there this year.
Prosecutors didn't return calls seeking comment.


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Okay, so there is one part of Roger Federer's French Open kit that Nike didn't tone down — look at his bright red duffel!
It's a style similar to what he used at last year's Wimbledon, U.S. Open, and Australian.
What do you think of the bag? Tell us!
Thanks again to Tennishead for helping us out with these wonderful pictures. This UK-based tennis portal has deployed a bunch of folks to photograph and write about Roland Garros. Check out their coverage at Tennishead.net.
(photo by Tennishead for TSF)


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Please feel free to browse our current bone products which range from Frozen Tendons to Cancellous Bone. All our bone products are HCA approved and have full traceability which is monitored in accordance to the HCA license requirements and will be delivered on a tracked 24 hour delivery service.
- Sort by Date


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See below for links to helpful legal information sites:
Legal Authorities
Notes: along the left side menu see "Wisconsin Law" for links to look up constitutions, Wisconsin statutes, administrative code, attorney general opinions, court opinions, etc. There is a shortcut underneath the left side menu where you can also look up current and past legislative bills, acts, etc.
General Town Operation
Smoking Ban
Board of Review
Note: view video online of mock Board of Review hearings.
Emergency Services
Note: standardized form DT1725 to make a claim per Wis. Stat. s. 60.557(2).
Public Works
Notes: Flood Damage Aids assist local governments with replacing or improving roads and roadway structures that had major damage caused by flooding, by providing help to defray the costs of repairing any public highway, street, alley, or bridge not located on the State Trunk Highway system.
Alcohol Licensing
Alcohol Retail License Forms - WI Dept. of Revenue
Criminal Background Checks - WI Dept. of Justice
Note: an inexpensive ($7.00) and thorough check for alcohol license applications.
Responsible Beverage Server Training - WI Dept. of Revenue
Wisconsin Municipal Records Manual - WI Historical Society
Note: this manual is outdated in some respects, particularly statute numbers cited. But it is otherwise still good information.
How to Legally Dispose of Obsolete Records/Contact Person - WI Historical Society
Note: there are also many other things to consider with some types of records, in some cases even other authorizations to gather before disposal.
Local Ordinance Approval - WI Public Records Board
Note: a proposed local ordinance establishing periods of time for destruction of obsolete records that contains any time periods not stated by statute, or that proposes shorter time periods than listed by statute, must be approved by the state Public Records Board prior to local adoption.
Land Use


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It's one thing for Nathan Horton to think the closing seconds of every Bruins loss are open season for him to toss his gloved fists in an opponents' face as he has now done at least twice in the Eastern Conference Final and another couple times throughout the regular season and playoffs.
But now the Boston forward is getting the fans involved, and that's just unacceptable.
Mike Corcoran of 1040 ESPN Tampa today unearthed video of Horton's exit from the ice after the Bruins lost Game 6 in Tampa last night. If you fast forward to the 1:30 mark, you'll clearly see Horton squirt a fan with water and then throw the bottle into the stands.
So far, there has been no supplemental discipline against Horton. But this story is only slowly developing as more and more people pick up the video via YouTube and Twitter.
Horton has struggled all playoffs with his temper and spent an inordinate amount of time in the penalty box during Boston's playoff run. But all of his previously boneheaded actions have been against players on the ice. It'll be interesting to see how the NHL deals with this matter — if at all — because the league obviously can't condone any interaction of this type between players and fans.
The Bruins host Game 7 tomorrow night at the TD Garden.


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"It seemed like a good idea at the time." That's a phrase we've heard often enough, usually following a friend's admission of doing something that can be characterized charitably as gross stupidity. The end result usually includes, but is not limited to, bodily harm, embarrassment and monetary loss.
Often adult beverages are involved.
I read a report a few years back, for instance, about a man that tied dozens, maybe hundreds, of helium-filled balloons onto a lightweight lawn chair, hoping to get a short, scenic ride above his neighborhood. He packed an air rifle along to control descent, intending to shoot a balloon or two at a time to bring his craft to a gentle landing.
Things went awry. Store-bought helium balloons apparently are not all that stable and he may have tied on a few more than necessary to begin with. (He may have tied on a few more adult beverages than recommended as well.) The ascent was too fast, the descent was even faster and the unintended consequences of his "look I'm flying" moment were some broken bones and a few days in the hospital.
I must admit to having a few oops moments myself and without the excuse of high-test potables. Most of these did include what my friend Ted refers to as "out of boat experiences." I hate to lose lures in tree branches so I usually ask Ted to guide the boat toward shore so I can recover my $3.50 investment.
Last time I tried this trick I stood on the bow of the boat, grabbed the offending limb with one hand, the tangled lure in the other and gave a yank. I almost fell backward into the boat, but regained my balance and pulled hard on the limb to right myself. The laws of physics being constant, however, pulling on the limb to straighten me up propelled the boat backward, leaving me with two options: hold onto the limb and lure and save $3.50 worth of glittery plastic, or turn loose and allow the line to break and the lure to fall into the lake and me into the boat.
As Ted fished me out of the water, he informed me that not only had I lost that $3.50 lure, but also my $100 rod and reel combo had bounced into the brink as well. He found it all incredibly amusing. I found it a prime example of how the laws of unintended consequences can never be ignored.
I don't have to be in a boat, either. I recently made a perfectly good cast with my fly rod, but some freakish gust of wind whisked my fly out of its intended path and into a branch about 30 feet from my intended target and about 5 feet out of reach.
Fortunately, I had a 7-foot fly rod with which I could reach the fly, jiggle it a bit and knock it loose. I balanced on a stable-looking river rock, about 3 feet from shore, reached into the foliage and jiggled the lure, an olive wooly bugger, worth about $1.75 if memory serves. It did not budge. I tried again. No movement. I whacked it with the tip of my $150 rod, which broke at about the same time I discovered that the stable-looking rock was not as firm a foundation as I had anticipated.
As Ted fished me out of the water, he informed me that I had neglected to zip up the pocket on my fishing vest and that my fly boxes, with dozens of $1.75 trout flies were even now floating down the river.
Unintended consequences; sometimes amusing, sometimes tragic. More later.
email: [email protected]


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A recent Baltimore Sun article, "Election remake hits hurdles," (Jan. 29) brings to light new thoughts on how to change the rules of the Electoral College. At the present time, all states use the winner-take-all system except two, Maine and Nebraska. These states allow a proportional electoral vote based on their congressional districts.
The article relates how, recently, various governors, senators and congressmen have suggested various schemes for revising the rules, most of them based on the award of electoral votes by the popular vote winners in their congressional districts. The most bizarre idea mentioned is one where two electoral votes would be given to the winner of the statewide vote, and the remainder would be divided according to the percentage of the popular vote that each candidate receives.
Most everyone agrees that at every governmental level and even within private associations of all types, the most logical and democratic way to determine a winner, whether it is for an individual or for the passage of a resolution, is by direct popular vote. This also should apply to the office of the president of the United States. The time has come to abolish the Electoral College rather than tinker with it.
George Stiegler, Ellicott City


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Police drug operation intercepts drivers
IF YOU take drugs and drive, you will be caught.
That is the message Kingaroy police officer in charge Duane Frank wants the South Burnett community to understand.
Snr Sgt Frank said he was concerned three people were allegedly caught driving while under the influence of drugs this week.
He said the most concerning fact was the alleged offenders were caught before 11am.
"It is a concern to local police and the community that these people are driving while (allegedly) under the influence of dangerous drugs," he said.
"These males have in the early morning (allegedly) ingested or consumed dangerous drugs and then decided to get behind the wheel."
Snr Sgt Frank said the drivers were intercepted by a roadside drug-testing unit that had been brought up by the specialist drugs task force from Brisbane.
"It was in operation in the Kingaroy area for three days," he said. "It was part of the Queensland Police Service crackdown on drug driving."
He said the police would continue to target those who abused drugs and then chose to drive across Kingaroy and the South Burnett.
One of the three men charged was a 36-year-old from New South Wales.
Police said he allegedly tested positive to driving while having methylamphetamine in his system.
A Kingaroy man, also aged 36, allegedly tested positive to cannabis. He was also charged for driving an uninsured, unregistered vehicle with cancelled number plate and his car was impounded.
On Tuesday afternoon a 32-year-old Kingaroy man was drug tested and allegedly provided a positive sample to cannabis.
Each man will face the Kingaroy Magistrates Court.


text:
CAIRO (Reuters) - The Muslim Brotherhood called on Egyptians to rise up against those who "want to steal" the revolution, a statement by its political wing said on Monday, after the Health Ministry said 35 people were killed in shooting outside the Cairo headquarters of the Republican Guard.
"(The Freedom and Justice Party) calls on the great Egyptian people to rise up against those who want to steal their revolution with tanks and armored vehicles, even over the dead bodies of the people," a statement on the party's Facebook page said.
The bloodshed deepened Egypt's political crisis, escalating the struggle between the army, which overthrew Islamist President Mohamed Mursi last Wednesday after mass demonstrations demanding his resignation, and the Brotherhood, which has denounced what it called a coup.
(Reporting By Shadia Nasralla; Editing by Tom Perry and Janet Lawrence)


text:
I was reading the first part of an NT book just for whim. To see how far I can go before I get knocked down.
John 1:35
[face=SPIonic]Th=? e)pau/rion pa/lin i(sth/kei )Iwa/nhj kai\ e)k tw=n maqhtw=n au)tou= du/o,[/face]
Attic pluperfect, 3rd. sg. of [face=SPIonic]i(/sthmi[/face] is [face=SPIonic]ei(sth/kei[/face]. Perseus has no morphological link for this occurrence. Is it a common variation in koine?


text:
Give your smartphone a secure place to ride - even when in a case. The Kensington Windshield/Vent Car Mount for Smartphones installs in seconds and keeps your smartphone within easy reach.
To compare the product you selected, please choose a product below to replace
View compare or close and continue browsing


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posted by Eugenia Loli on Sun 30th Jul 2006 20:57 UTC
Regardless of what type of data you're working with or what kind of application you're creating, you will undoubtedly need to work with strings. No matter how the data is stored, the end user always deals in human-readable text. As such, knowing how to work with strings is part of the essential knowledge that any .NET developer needs to make rich and compelling applications. In addition to showing you how to work with strings in the .NET Framework, this chapter will also introduce you to regular expressions. Also, Jeff Cogswell explains how to use regular expressions to simplify and enhance the power of your programmatic string searching, matching, and replacing.


text:
Wednesday, 18 February 2015
Global And China Automatic Coding Machine Market 2015 Industry Research, Analysis, Overview and Development
Research Report on Global and China Automatic Coding Machine Industry 2015 Market Research Report. The Report includes market price, demand, trends, size, Share, Growth, Forecast, Analysis & Overview. 2015 Deep Research Report on Global Automatic Coding Machine Industry is a professional and depth research report on Global Automatic Coding Machine industry. For overview analysis, the report introduces Automatic Coding Machine basic information including definition, classification, application, industry chain structure, industry overview, policy analysis, and news analysis, etc. Browse Complete Report with TOC @ http://www.qyresearchreports.com/report/global-and-china-automatic-coding-machine-industry-2015-market-research-report.htm
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text:
Legionnaires' disease cases continue to increase around Milwaukee
Legionnaires' disease cases continue to increase around Milwaukee
There are five new cases of Legionnaires' disease in Milwaukee.
The Milwaukee Health Department said there are 26 confirmed or suspected cases since June 1 in the city and 40 in Milwaukee County.
"Confirmed cases of Legionnaires' disease typically increase during late summer and early fall, and we will continue to closely monitor trends in this illness within the community," Health Commissioner Bevan Baker said.
Legionnaires' disease is a severe form of pneumonia. It's a bacterium usually found in water, like in decorative fountains or hot tubs.
The Health Department has not been able to trace the source so far.


text:
|HIV immune adjuvant therapy
|January, 2002
|January, 2009
|Nghiem et al.
|Compositions For Reducing Bacterial Carriage And Cnc Invasion And Methods Of Using Same
|December, 2007
|Van Ginkel et al.
|Solid formulation for dialysis and process for producing the same
|August, 2007
|Kai et al.
|Stable extract of hypercium perforatum L., processes for its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions
|March, 2002
|Erdelmeier et al.
|Stimulation Of Hair Growth By Ginkgo Biloba Flavanoids
|August, 2007
|Gallwitz et al.
|Preparation to combat reddened skin
|November, 2005
|Lindemann et al.
|July, 2008
|Mitra et al.
|January, 2008
|Controlling Sugar Feeding Insects
|November, 2007
|Simchoni-barak et al.
|September, 2008
|Ivkov et al.
The present application is a divisional of US patent application filed Nov. 21, 2001 and assigned Ser. No. 09/989,033, which is a divisional of US patent application filed Oct. 20, 2000 and assigned Ser. No. 09/693,771 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,344,035, issued Feb. 5, 2002), which is a divisional of US patent application filed Apr. 15, 1999 and assigned Ser. No. 09/292,510 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,214,901, issued Apr. 10, 2001), which is a continuation-in-part of provisional US patent application filed Apr. 27, 1998 and assigned Ser. No. 60/083,135, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
In one aspect, the present invention relates to a process of treating implantable medical devices with coating compositions to provide the release of pharmaceutical agents from the surface of the devices under physiological conditions. In another aspect, the invention relates to the coating compositions, per se, and to devices coated with such compositions.
Many surgical interventions require the placement of a medical device into the body. While necessary and beneficial for treating a variety of medical conditions, the placement of metal or polymeric devices in the body gives rise to numerous complications. Some of these complications include: increased risk of infection; initiation of a foreign body response resulting in inflammation and fibrous encapsulation; and initiation of a wound healing response resulting in hyperplasia and restenosis. These, and other complications must be dealt with when introducing a metal or polymeric device into the body.
One approach to reducing the potential harmful effects of such an introduction is to attempt to provide a more biocompatible implantable device. While there are several methods available to improve the biocompatibility of implantable devices, one method which has met with limited success is to provide the device with the ability to deliver bioactive compounds to the vicinity of the implant. By so doing, some of the harmful effects associated with the implantation of medical devices can be diminished. Thus, for example, antibiotics can be released from the surface of the device to minimize the possibility of infection, and anti-proliferative drugs can be released to inhibit hyperplasia. Another benefit to the local release of bioactive agents is the avoidance of toxic concentrations of drugs which are sometimes necessary, when given systemically, to achieve therapeutic concentrations at the site where they are needed.
Although the potential benefits expected from the use of medical devices capable of releasing pharmaceutical agents from their surfaces is great, the development of such medical devices has been slow. This development has been hampered by the many challenges that need to be successfully overcome when undertaking said development. Some of these challenges are: 1) the requirement, in some instances, for long term release of bioactive agents; 2) the need for a biocompatible, non-inflammatory device surface; 3) the need for significant durability, particularly with devices that undergo flexion and/or expansion when being implanted or used in the body; 4) concerns regarding processability, to enable the device to be manufactured in an economically viable and reproducible manner; and 5) the requirement that the finished device be sterilizable using conventional methods.
Several implantable medical devices capable of delivering medicinal agents have been described. Several patents are directed to devices utilizing biodegradable or bioresorbable polymers as drug containing and releasing coatings, including Tang et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,916,193 and MacGregor, U.S. Pat. No. 4,994,071. Other patents are directed to the formation of a drug containing hydrogel on the surface of an implantable medical device, these include Amiden et al, U.S. Pat. No. 5,221,698 and Sahatjian, U.S. Pat. No. 5,304,121. Still other patents describe methods for preparing coated intravascular stents via application of polymer solutions containing dispersed therapeutic material to the stent surface followed by evaporation of the solvent. This method is described in Berg et al, U.S. Pat. No. 5,464,650.
However, there remain significant problems to be overcome in order to provide a therapeutically significant amount of a bioactive compound on the surface of the implantable medical device. This is particularly true when the coating composition must be kept on the device in the course of flexion and/or expansion of the device during implantation or use. It is also desirable to have a facile and easily processable method of controlling the rate of bioactive release from the surface of the device.
Although a variety of hydrophobic polymers have previously been described for use as drug release coatings, Applicant has found that only a small number possess the physical characteristics that would render them useful for implantable medical devices which undergo flexion and/or expansion upon implantation. Many polymers which demonstrate good drug release characteristics, when used alone as drug delivery vehicles, provide coatings that are too brittle to be used on devices which undergo flexion and/or expansion. Other polymers can provoke an inflammatory response when implanted. These or other polymers demonstrate good drug release characteristics for one drug but very poor characteristics for another.
Some polymers show good durability and flexibility characteristics when applied to devices without drug, but lose these favorable characteristics when drug is added. Furthermore, often times the higher the concentration of drugs or the thicker the application of polymer to the device surface, the poorer the physical characteristics of the polymer become. It has been very difficult to identify a polymer which provides the proper physical characteristics in the presence of drugs and one in which the drug delivery rate can be controlled by altering the concentration of the drug in the polymer or the thickness of the polymer layer.
There remains a need, therefore, for an implantable medical device that can undergo flexion and/or expansion upon implantation, and that is also capable of delivering a therapeutically significant amount of a pharmaceutical agent or agents from the surface of the device.
In the Drawing:
FIG. 1 provides a plot showing the cumulative release profiles for wires coated with compositions according to the present invention, as described in Example 1.
The present invention provides a coating composition and related method for using the composition to coat an implantable medical device with a bioactive agent in a manner that permits the surface to release the bioactive agent over time when implanted in vivo. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the device is one that undergoes flexion and/or expansion in the course of implantation or use in vivo.
The composition comprises a bioactive agent in combination with a plurality of polymers, including a first polymer component and a second polymer component. The polymer components are adapted to be mixed to provide a mixture that exhibits an optimal combination of physical characteristics (e.g., adherence, durability, flexibility) and bioactive release characteristics as compared to the polymers when used alone or in admixture with other polymers previously known. In a preferred embodiment the composition comprises at least one poly(alkyl)(meth)acrylate, as a first polymeric component and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) ("pEVA") as a second polymeric component.
The composition and method can be used to control the amount and rate of bioactive agent (e.g., drug) release from one or more surfaces of implantable medical devices. In a preferred embodiment, the method employs a mixture of hydrophobic polymers in combination with one or more bioactive agents, such as a pharmaceutical agent, such that the amount and rate of release of agent(s) from the medical device can be controlled, e.g., by adjusting the relative types and/or concentrations of hydrophobic polymers in the mixture. For a given combination of polymers, for instance, this approach permits the release rate to be adjusted and controlled by simply adjusting the relative concentrations of the polymers in the coating mixture. This obviates the need to control the bioactive release rate by polymer selection, multiple coats, or layering of coats, and thus greatly simplifies the manufacture of bioactive-releasing implantable medical devices.
A preferred coating of this invention includes a mixture of two or more polymers having complementary physical characteristics, and a pharmaceutical agent or agents applied to the surface of an implantable medical device which undergoes flexion and/or expansion upon implantation or use. The applied coating is cured (e.g., solvent evaporated) to provide a tenacious and flexible bioactive-releasing coating on the surface of the medical device. The complementary polymers are selected such that a broad range of relative polymer concentrations can be used without detrimentally affecting the desirable physical characteristics of the polymers. By use of the polymer mixtures of the invention the bioactive release rate from a coated medical device can be manipulated by adjusting the relative concentrations of the polymers. Similarly, a spectrum of pharmaceutical agents can be delivered from the coating without the need to find a new polymer or layering the coating on the device.
The present invention relates to a coating composition and related method for coating an implantable medical device which undergoes flexion and/or expansion upon implantation. The structure and composition of the underlying device can be of any suitable, and medically acceptable, design and can be made of any suitable material that is compatible with the coating itself. The surface of the medical device is provided with a coating containing one or more bioactive agents.
In order to provide a preferred coating, a composition is prepared to include a solvent, a combination of complementary polymers dissolved in the solvent, and the bioactive agent or agents dispersed in the polymer/solvent mixture. The solvent is preferably one in which the polymers form a true solution. The pharmaceutical agent itself may either be soluble in the solvent or form a dispersion throughout the solvent.
The resultant composition can be applied to the device in any suitable fashion, e.g., it can be applied directly to the surface of the medical device, or alternatively, to the surface of a surface-modified medical device, by dipping, spraying, or any conventional technique. The method of applying the coating composition to the device is typically governed by the geometry of the device and other process considerations. The coating is subsequently cured by evaporation of the solvent. The curing process can be performed at room temperature, elevated temperature, or with the assistance of vacuum.
The polymer mixture for use in this invention is preferably biocompatible, e.g., such that it results in no induction of inflammation or irritation when implanted. In addition, the polymer combination must be useful under a broad spectrum of both absolute concentrations and relative concentrations of the polymers. This means that the physical characteristics of the coating, such as tenacity, durability, flexibility and expandability, will typically be adequate over a broad range of polymer concentrations. Furthermore, the ability of the coating to control the release rates of a variety of pharmaceutical agents can preferably be manipulated by varying the absolute and relative concentrations of the polymers.
A first polymer component of this invention provides an optimal combination of various structural/functional properties, including hydrophobicity, durability, bioactive agent release characteristics, biocompatability, molecular weight, and availability (and cost).
Examples of suitable first polymers include poly(alkyl)(meth)acrylates, and in particular, those with alkyl chain lengths from 2 to 8 carbons, and with molecular weights from 50 kilodaltons to 900 kilodaltons. An example of a particularly preferred first polymer is poly n-butylmethacrylate. Such polymers are available commercially, e.g., from Aldrich, with molecular weights ranging from about 200,000 daltons to about 320,000 daltons, and with varying inherent viscosity, solubility, and form (e.g., as crystals or powder).
A second polymer component of this invention provides an optimal combination of similar properties, and particularly when used in admixture with the first polymer component. Examples of suitable second polymers are available commercially and include poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) having vinyl acetate concentrations of between about 10% and about 50%, in the form of beads, pellets, granules, etc. (commercially available are 12%, 14%, 18%, 25%, 33%). pEVA co-polymers with lower percent vinyl acetate become increasingly insoluble in typical solvents, whereas those with higher percent vinyl acetate become decreasingly durable.
A particularly preferred polymer mixture for use in this invention includes mixtures of poly(butylmethacrylate) (pBMA) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) co-polymers (pEVA). This mixture of polymers has proven useful with absolute polymer concentrations (i.e., the total combined concentrations of both polymers in the coating composition), of between about 0.25 and about 70 percent (by weight). It has furthermore proven effective with individual polymer concentrations in the coating solution of between about 0.05 and about 70 weight percent. In one preferred embodiment the polymer mixture includes poly(n-butylmethacrylate) (PBMA) with a molecular weight of from 100 kilodaltons to 900 kilodaltons and a pEVA copolymer with a viny acetate content of from 24 to 36 weight percent. In a particularly preferred embodiment the polymer mixture includes poly(n-butylmethacrylate) with a molecular weight of from 200 kilodaltons to 400 kilodaltons and a pEVA copolymer with a vinyl acetate content of from 30 to 34 weight percent. The concentration of the bioactive agent or agents dissolved or suspended in the coating mixture can range from 0.01 to 90 percent, by weight, based on the weight of the final coating composition.
The bioactive (e.g., pharmaceutical) agents useful in the present invention include virtually any therapeutic substance which possesses desirable therapeutic characteristics for application to the implant site. These agents include: thrombin inhibitors, antithrombogenic agents, thrombolytic agents, fibrinolytic agents, vasospasm inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, vasodilators, antihypertensive agents, antimicrobial agents, antibiotics, inhibitors of surface glycoprotein receptors, antiplatelet agents, antimitotics, microtubule inhibitors, anti secretory agents, actin inhibitors, remodeling inhibitors, antisense nucleotides, anti metabolites, antiproliferatives, anticancer chemotherapeutic agents, anti-inflammatory steroid or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, immunosuppressive agents, growth hormone antagonists, growth factors, dopamine agonists, radiotherapeutic agents, peptides, proteins, enzymes, extracellular matrix components, ACE inhibitors, free radical scavengers, chelators, antioxidants, anti polymerases, antiviral agents, photodynamic therapy agents, and gene therapy agents.
A coating composition of this invention is preferably used to coat an implantable medical device that undergoes flexion or expansion in the course of its implantation or use in vivo. The words "flexion" and "expansion" as used herein with regard to implantable devices will refer to a device, or portion thereof, that is bent (e.g., by at least 45 degrees or more) and/or expanded (e.g., to more than twice its initial dimension), either in the course of its placement, or thereafter-in the course of its use in vivo.
Examples of suitable catheters include urinary catheters, which would benefit from the incorporation of antimicrobial agents (e.g., antibiotics such as vancomycin or norfloxacin) into a surface coating, and intravenous catheters which would benefit from antimicrobial agents and or from antithrombotic agents (e.g., heparin, hirudin, coumadin). Such catheters are typically fabricated from such materials as silicone rubber, polyurethane, latex and polyvinylchloride.
The coating composition can also be used to coat stents, e.g., either self-expanding stents (such as the Wallstent variety), or balloon-expandable stents (as are available in a variety of styles, for instance, Gianturco-Roubin, Palmaz-Shatz, Wiktor, Strecker, ACS Multi-Link, Cordis, AVE Micro Stent), which are typically prepared from materials such as stainless steel or tantalum.
A coating composition of the present invention can be used to coat an implant surface using any suitable means, e.g., by dipping, spraying and the like. The suitability of the coating composition for use on a particular material, and in turn, the suitability of the coated composition can be evaluated by those skilled in the art, given the present description.
The overall weight of the coating upon the surface is typically not important. The weight of the coating attributable to the bioactive agent is preferably in the range of about 0.05 mg to about 10 mg of bioactive agent per cm2 of the gross surface area of the device. More preferably, the weight of the coating attributable to the bioactive is between about 1 mg and about 5 mg of bioactive agent per cm2 of the gross surface area of the device. This quantity of drug is generally required to provide adequate activity under physiological conditions.
In turn, the coating thickness of a presently preferred composition will typically be in the range of about 5 micrometers to about 100 micrometers. This level of coating thickness is generally required to provide an adequate density of drug to provide adequate activity under physiological conditions.
The invention will be further described with reference to the following non-limiting Examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes can be made in the embodiments described without departing from the scope of the present invention. Thus the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments described in this application, but only by the embodiments described by the language of the claims and the equivalents of those embodiments. Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages are by weight.
The potential suitability of particular coated compositions for in vivo use can be determined by a variety of methods, including the Durability, Flexibility and Release Tests, examples of each of which are described herein.
One millimeter diameter stainless steel wires (e.g. 304 grade) are cut into 5 centimeter lengths. The wire segments can be Parylene treated or evaluated with no treatment. The wire segments are weighed on a micro-balance.
Bioactive agent/polymer mixtures are prepared at a range of concentrations in an appropriate solvent, in the manner described herein. The coating mixtures are applied to respective wires, or portions thereof, by dipping or spraying, and the coated wires are allowed to cure by solvent evaporation. The coated wires are re-weighed. From this weight, the mass of the coating is calculated, which in turn permits the mass of the coated polymer(s) and bioactive agent to be determined. The coating thickness can be measured using any suitable means, e.g., by the use of a microprocessor coating thickness gauge (Minitest 4100).
The Durability and Flexibility of the coated composition can be determined in the following manner.
A suitable Durability Test, involves a method in which a coated specimen (e.g., wire) is subjected to repeated frictional forces intended to simulate the type of wear the sample would be exposed to in actual use, such as an implantable device undergoing flexion and/or expansion in the course of its implantation or use.
The Test described below employs a repetitive 60 cycle treatment, and is used to determine whether there is any change in force measurements between the first 5 cycles and the last 5 cycles, or whether there is any observable flaking or scarring detectable by scanning electron microscopy ("SEM") analysis. Regenerated cellulose membrane is hydrated and wrapped around a 200 gram stainless steel sled. The cellulose membrane is clipped tightly on the opposite side of the sled. The sled with rotatable arm is then attached to a 250 gram digital force gauge with computer interface. The testing surface is mounted on a rail table with micro-stepper motor control. The wires are clamped onto the test surface. The cellulose covered sled is placed on top of the wires. Initial force measurements are taken as the sled moves at 0.5 cm/sec over a 5 cm section for 5 push/pull cycles. The sled then continues cycling over the coated samples for 50 push/pull cycles at 5 cm/sec to simulate abrasion. The velocity is then reduced to 0.5 cm/sec and the final force measurements are taken over another 5 push/pull cycles.
SEM micrographs are taken of abraded and nonabraded coated wires to evaluate the effects of the abrasion on the coating.
A suitable Flexibility Test, in turn, can be used to detect imperfections (when examined by scanning electron microscopy) that develop in the course of flexing of a coated specimen, an in particular, signs of cracking at or near the area of a bend.
A wire specimen is obtained and coated in the manner described above. One end of the coated wire (1.0 cm) is clamped in a bench vice. The free end of the wire (1.0 cm) is held with a pliers. The wire is bent until the angle it forms with itself is less than 90 degrees. The wire is removed from the vice and examined by SEM to determine the effect of the bending on the coating.
A suitable Bioactive Agent Release Assay, as described herein, can be used to determine the extent and rate of drug release under physiological conditions. In general it is desirable that less than 50% of the total quantity of the drug released, be released in the first 24 hours. It is frequently desirable for quantities of drug to be released for a duration of at least 30 days. After all the drug has been released, SEM evaluation should reveal a coherent and defect free coating.
Each coated wire is placed in a test tube with 5 mls of PBS. The tubes are placed on a rack in an environmental orbital shaker and agitated at 37° C. At timed intervals, the PBS is removed from the tube and replaced with fresh PBS. The drug concentration in each PBS sample is determined using the appropriate method.
After all measurable drug has been released from the coated wire, the wire is washed with water, dried, re-weighed, the coating thickness re-measured, and the coating quality examined by SEM analysis.
A one millimeter diameter stainless steel wire (304 grade) was cut into two centimeter segments. The segments were treated with Parylene C coating composition (Parylene is a trademark of the Union Carbide Corporation). This treatment deposits a thin, conformal, polymeric coating on the wires.
Four solutions were prepared for use in coating the wires. The solutions included mixtures of: pEVA (33 weight percent vinyl acetate, from Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc.); poly(butyl methacrylate "pBMA") (337,000 average molecular weight, from Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc.); and hexachlorophene ("HCP") from Sigma Chemical Co., dissolved in tetrahydrofuran. The solutions were preared as follows:
Nine wire segments were coated with each coating solution. The following protocol was followed for coating the wire segments. The Parylene-treated wire segments were wiped with an isopropyl alcohol dampened tissue prior to coating. The wire segments were dipped into the coating solution using a 2 cm/second dip speed. The wire segments were immediately withdrawn from the coating solution at a rate of 1 cm/second, after which the coated segments were air-dried at room temperature.
Individual wire segments were placed in tubes containing 2 ml of phosphate buffered saline ("PBS", pH 7.4). The tubes were incubated at 37 degrees centigrade on an environmental, orbital shaker at 100 rotations/minute. The PBS was changed at 1 hour, 3 hours, and 5 hours on the first day, and daily thereafter. The PBS samples were analyzed for HCP concentration by measuring the absorbance of the samples at 298 runs on a UV/visible light spectrophotometer and comparing to an HCP standard curve.
Results are provided in FIG. 1, which demonstrates the ability to control the elution rate of a pharmaceutical agent from a coated surface by varying the relative concentrations of a polymer mixture described by this invention.
The polymers described in this disclosure have been evaluated using an Assay protocol as outlined above. The polymer mixtures evaluated have ranged from 100% pBMA to 100% pEVA. Representative results of those evaluations are summarized below.
Control coatings that are made up entirely of pBMA are very durable showing no signs of wear in the Durability Test. When subjected to the Flexibility Test, however, these coatings develop cracks, particularly in the presence of significant concentrations of drug. These coatings also release drug very slowly.
Control coatings that are made up entirely of pEVA, in contrast, are less durable and show no signs of cracking in the Flexibility Test, but develop significant scarring in the Durability Test. These coatings release drugs relatively rapidly, usually releasing more than 50% of the total within 24 hours.
Coatings of the present invention, which contain a mixture of both polymers, are very durable, with no signs of wear in the Durability Test and no cracking in the Flexibility Test. Drug release from these coatings can be manipulated by varying the relative concentrations of the polymers. For instance, the rate of drug release can be controllably increased by increasing the relative concentration of pEVA.
Bioactive agent containing coatings which show no signs of scarring in the Durability Test and no cracking in the Flexibility Test possess the characteristics necessary for application to implantable medical devices that undergo flexion and/or expansion in the course of implantation and/or use.


text:
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In his current position as movie chief at Marvel Studios, Kevin Feige might rank as one of the most envied men in Hollywood right now. The company has enjoyed a nearly unmatched run of box office success stretching back to the release of 2008's "Iron Man" and appears poised to celebrate a new record-breaking opening with the arrival of "Captain America: The Winter Soldier" this week.
Directed by Joe and Anthony Russo, the new film takes place months after the events depicted in "Avengers" and opens with Steve Rogers having remained in the employ of international espionage agency S.H.I.E.L.D. and occasionally teaming with Black Widow on key missions. After an attack on S.H.I.E.L.D. top dog Nick Fury (Samuel L. Jackson) puts the hero in conflict with the organization's leader, Alexander Pierce (Robert Redford in a key supporting turn), he finds an unexpected ally not only in ex-military man Sam Wilson (Anthony Mackie), who has his own heroic identity as the Falcon, but also in Scarlett Johansson's spy Natasha Romanoff, also known as Black Widow.
Based on a famous 2005 comic-book story line by writer Ed Brubaker and illustrator Steve Epting, the $170-million movie has been hailed as one of Marvel's most accomplished productions to date. Hero Complex sat down with Feige last month to discuss how the project came to take the shape of a political thriller and the prospects for a Black Widow solo movie, among other subjects. (For the spoiler-averse, be warned that Feige reveals a few pertinent details during the interview.)
Hero Complex: How did you hit upon the idea of adapting the "Winter Soldier" comic story line as an overtly political thriller?
Kevin Feige: It was a natural progression as we were developing the Phase Two movies. You've heard me say before that Tony [Stark] goes to Malibu and Thor goes to Asgard and Steve is stuck. Part of his story is he's a man out of his time, and it made sense to keep him with the existing Avengers team. Of course, the Avengers scatter at the end of that movie but who's still there? S.H.I.E.L.D. and Widow and Nick Fury. That got very exciting because we wanted to play into the '70s political thriller aspect, which really came about from saying, OK, so we did the World War II story, just like the classic Jack Kirby, Joe Simon comic — or our interpretation of that. We had him come out of the ice at the end of the movie like Jack and Stan did in the '60s. "Avengers," you don't really have a lot of time for him to think about his situation necessarily because he's thrust into this disaster scenario, so this was our opportunity to take him on that journey.
You look at the comics. He came out in the early '60s. Suddenly the mid-'60s happen, then the late '60s. You get into the Watergate era. It was amazing in those "Cap" comics with, [his questioning], Should I even wear this anymore? What does it mean? It's different times now, but with S.H.I.E.L.D. we could play that up. We could play up the shades of gray. He's been working with S.H.I.E.L.D. for a little while we assume when the movie starts. We see what he does on missions, we see how he gets upset about the information flow or lack thereof — some people get information, some people don't. He doesn't like that. Then, in great sort of thriller style, [we're] putting him in a scenario where he has to go on the run and doesn't know who to trust.
Hero Complex: What was the thinking behind teaming Steve Rogers up with Natasha in this film?
The thought of teaming him up with Black Widow, somebody that is kind of the polar opposite of Steve Rogers — who is this 98-pound weakling as he's described in the old comics and was a good guy and wanted to do well … Widow, on the other hand, has come out of God knows what program just after the fall of the Soviet Union and has red in her ledger, she tells us about in "The Avengers." She's done things that she doesn't seem particularly proud of. We explore some more of the back story in the next "Avengers" movie. She lives in the shadows; she lives in those shades of gray. That was fun to pair two characters like that.
PHOTOS: 75 images from 'Captain America: The Winter Soldier'
You sit and you develop a movie, You go, OK, what arc are we going to take our hero on? How will he change by the end? I think Cap does [change], to a certain extent, over the course of the movie, but really, when you're dealing with Captain America, it's how will he change, how will his influence change the other characters close to him? And I think you see by the end of this movie Widow beginning to question or come to terms with who is the real Natasha versus all of the aliases and identities she's had in her life.
HC: A vocal segment of fans is clamoring for a Black Widow solo film. Is that something that's seriously under consideration?
KF: People have been asking me that for a long time. I think people thought, Oh, she's just a cameo in the "Captain America" movie. But she kind of has her own movie, it's called "Captain America: The Winter Soldier." Frankly the same thing holds true to "Avengers: Age of Ultron." She has a gigantic part in that movie. It really, to us, is about when is the right time to take her out of that and put her in her own movie because if you put her in her own movie and put all the other characters in it, it's an "Avengers" movie. So you really would do an origin, which we haven't necessarily seen, though some of that is going to be in the next movie. But to us, it's all about timing.
HC: Comics fans know the connection between Cap and the Winter Soldier, but many moviegoers won't know their history. Was there a lot of discussion about how to handle that in the film?
KF: It's a reveal in the movie, but it really is much more about its impact on Steve than it is about its impact on the audience — which is why we talked about it openly and you'll see things in advertising. This is not a movie about, Who is the Winter Solider? This is a movie about, Oh my God, this person from Cap's past [has returned] and how do you fight your best friend if you're forced to do that? I think that's why, even though there is this colossal scale and jets and explosions, to me the final moments between Bucky and Cap are among the most emotional in the entire movie.
HC: The early reaction to the film has been so positive. Was that part of what motivated you to bring the Russo brothers back to direct the third "Captain America" film?
KF: We are bringing them back. They wanted to come back and we're actively beginning to talk about what a part three would look like. But a lot of it is about getting the response to this one. We certainly have ideas of where to go, how to continue much of the journey that started in this movie and how things would change after "Age of Ultron" for Cap, so there's a lot of stuff to talk about. They're great filmmakers that we're excited to work with again.
PHOTOS: 'Captain America' stars walk the red carpet
HC: The events in "Winter Soldier" would seem to pose an interesting dilemma for the folks over at "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D." Can you comment on that at all?
KF: This movie existed before the show did. So when they first said, "We're going to do a show like this," we said, "OK, but here's what we're doing."
HC: Turning to the next Marvel film for a moment, August's "Guardians of the Galaxy," I'm assuming that you heard the online comment that the film looks like the "Star Wars" sequel people actually wanted? How do you react when you hear something like that?
KF: Nobody loves "Star Wars" more than I do, but this is very Marvel. Peter Quill, the Chris Pratt character, being human, being from Earth, having a Walkman with "Hooked on a Feeling," among other things, gives it a very unique tone.… The response to the "Guardians" trailer was great, but that was very close to what we showed at Comic-Con, [an audience of] 7,000 fans. [We thought that they would] love the space setting, the Raccoon, the humor and the music. [We thought] let's just show them what the movie is. Then it was, Now we're going to show the world. Hmm. Do we hide this, do we hide that? Ultimately we decided no. This is what the movie is. Then people responded to it almost universally and it was very exciting.
HC: Is it safer to release "Guardians" — a movie with a talking tree, a raccoon with a machine gun and countless other oddities — at this point in Marvel's run? Now that the brand is so established, do you feel that you can take increasingly greater creative chances?
KF: We were founded on creative chances. I think "Iron Man" was a creative chance, Downey was a creative chance. "Thor," a World War II movie, they all were — putting them all together in a movie — so I think the success of all those has certainly given us the confidence to just keep doing it. It was always the plan. We always wanted to make movies like this…. So far – it could all change tomorrow – but the audience response to what we're doing just encourages us.
— Gina McIntyre | @LATHeroComplex
'Captain America' and more must-see movies of 2014
'Winter Soldier': 75 images from the Marvel film
'Winter Soldier' clips spotlight Black Widow, villain
'Captain America': Chris Evans, ScarJo walk red carpet
'Captain America:' Cap, Widow take charge in new clip
'Captain America 2' TV spot: Chris Evans in action
'Winter Soldier' trailer teases intrigue
'Captain America 2': Chris Evans marches into D23
Marvel's 'Cap 2,' 'Age of Ultron' at Comic-Con
Marvel Experience touring attraction: first look


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Nov 09, 2018 - Nov 11, 2018Festival: Stomping 8
Secret Place, Saint-Jean-de-Védas (FR)
Jan 07, 2013The Raymen - Death's Black Train EP
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Vans® Sk8-Hi sneakers in black
Product Details
Founded by Paul and James Van Doren in 1966, Vans has defined Southern California's footwear street culture for decades. For this pair, Vans went to its archives, pulled a style from the Dogtown days and made a few tweaks to modernize it. The result? A shoe that's built to take all the kickflips and grinds a skater would put it through but that's sharp enough to wear to happy hour.
- Canvas upper and lining.
- Rubber sole.
- Import.
- Online only.
- Item F2733.


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SOURCE: Elite Traders Group LLC
February 04, 2013 17:41 ET
The Following Is an Investment Opinion Being Issued by the Elite Traders Group LLC
The Following Is an Investment Opinion Being Issued by the Elite Traders Group LLC
NEW YORK, NY--(Marketwire - Feb 4, 2013) - Elite Traders Group Reports On Copper Stocks
Global demand for copper is expected to increase by 3.4% in 2013 and the price has jumped 7% in the past 90 days. China consumes 40% of the world copper supply and the Chinese economy seems to be recovering from its recent slump, with estimates for a sustained 7-8% annual growth rate. A more robust economic recovery in China could send copper prices even higher. With the price of some other investment grade metals such as gold, silver, palladium and platinum experiencing softer prices, copper may be a growth area for investors in mining stocks.
Viking Minerals Inc. (OTCQB: VKML) Viking Minerals Inc. operates as a pre-exploration stage company in the United States. It focuses on acquiring and developing gold, silver, copper, and other metal properties. The share price in VKML was $7.00 last summer and it slid to $.01/share by the middle of January. Since then the share price has increased to $.03/share on volumes that far exceed the daily average of 2 million shares. VKML is in the process of raising funds to acquire Discovery Day Gold Mine -Trinity Alps Resources Inc. The company has to pay $ 15 million for the acquisition. Is this an opportunity to invest in the rising price of copper?
Market Cap $4.98 million
Shares outstanding - 151 million (as at 11-14-12)
52 week price range - $.01 - $7.00/share
Current price - $.033/share
Canyon Copper Corp (OTCQB: CNYC) is an exploration stage company, engaged in the acquisition, exploration, and development of mineral properties in western United States. CNYC is a fully reporting OTC enterprise with audited financial statements. In its SEC 8-K filed last week the company detailed the terms of an agreement with Sanfield Resources to invest in their Moonlight property, a mining venture that CNYC has options on.
52 week price range - $.04-$.155
30 day average trading volume - 22,575 shares/day
Shares outstanding - 68.7 million
Last price - $.046/share
Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold, Inc. (NYSE: FCX) is expected to mine 4.3 billion pounds of copper in 2013 and is a company with $18 billion in revenue. The company is the largest publicly traded producer of copper in the world. In press releases FCX has stated its intent to increase copper production to 5 billion pounds (+16%) by 2015. EPS for the trailing twelve months was $3.18 and analysts expect that to grow by 42% in 2013. The market has supported a P/E multiple of eleven for FCX and if the earnings grow, as analysts expect, the share price should follow. Due to FCX's position in the copper markets, its fortunes are somewhat tied to the price of copper. These shares are currently trading in the $35-36 range and have a 52 week high of $47.
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I make these in series: one set for holidays (Christmas, Valentines etc.), one for seasons, one for pets...
These come with pages but I always split a refill set between two and max them out. What I love is I can use the chunky embellishments and make pockets with tags...things you can't do with standard albums. The cover is tied to the topic and so it sets the theme before it is even opened. I do spray the fabric with scotch guard before I assemble the album, and I always construct the pages away from the album and only load them when everything is finished. They are the right size to hold and the photo takes center stage. They are the perfect size to share and not overwhelm the viewer.
I love, love, love this album! first of all the size is rockin, perfect for gifts or to throw in your tote bag for your own brag book. It is so versatile, can be covered with paper or fabric. I like to pick out pretty 6 x 6 paper pads...Websters is my favorite, grab my mod podge and go to town. I can complete an album in a few hours. it comes with thick pages, but I always order extra. This is a great album for beginners and seasoned scrappers will love it as well!
I have had so much fun with the Bo Bunny 6x6 mini album. I created a memory book for my Grandma's 90th b-day and it was the perfect size for the old photos and number of photos I had. It was so nice that I was able to complete a whole album and have the family look through it at her party. I'm sure this will be a book she'll look at over and over. I had also purchased the clear page protectors for that added security.
Okay, I own 3 of these 6x6 albums! I think they are the prefect size for mini albums and recently I purchased one for a circle journal! Small enough but BIG enough!! VERY easy to decorate the cover and the pages. The album is very sturdy and stands up on a table with out any effort. I used one for a Christmas Ornament album another for Favorite Christams Family recipes. The pages are easy to cover and it has refills too! Can't go wrong with this boBunny!!
Awesome item. Makes a great mini album. You can complete an album in a day or two. I really like how it is made and it holds quite a few pages. You can get page protectors and chipboard refill pages for it and it comes with the chipboard pages. It is sturdy and you can decorate it with any theme you want. I would highly recommend this album for special themes as it is quick to make.


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|TidBITS#157 19930104
When asked by a CompuServe user about a DAT drive advertised for a unexpectedly low price, Larry Zulch of Dantz Development wrote:
The picture in the 09-Nov-92 issue of MacWEEK of the NuDesign DAT reveals that it is a WangTek DAT drive mechanism (with an optical drive on top of it).
Ben Wang (no relation to the Wang Laboratories that made word processors) started WangTek, which Rexon bought. He left WangTek/Rexon and founded WangDAT, which was recently purchased by Rexon. It is unclear to me whether WangTek will remain in the DAT business, since WangDAT has more DAT focus (WangTek has a lot of 1/4 inch tape technology) and it doesn't make sense for Rexon to have two independent DAT drive manufacturers in such a competitive area.
[The moral of the story seems, then, that nothing is wrong with the WangTek unit, but it's more likely that WangTek units will be orphaned sooner than WangDAT units. I have no sense if that's a problem, given that it uses Retrospect for software and I suspect that the hardware, if it works well initially, will continue to work fine with proper care. Incidentally, according to a study done by market research firm Peripheral Strategies, Retrospect has a large share of the Macintosh backup market, and that gives it 36% of the entire networked microcomputer backup market, PC-clones included. Morris Taradalsky, Vice President and General Manager of Apple's Enterprise Systems Division, attributed this to the fact that Macs are a heck of a lot easier to network, so a greater percentage of Macs than PCs are networked. -Adam]
Information from:
Larry Zulch, Dantz President -- firstname.lastname@example.com


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Mom charged after baby not in car seat dies in NC crash
Mom charged after baby not in car seat dies in NC crash
Police have charged the mother of a 4-month-old girl who was not in a car seat when she was killed in a wreck in Charlotte with felony child abuse.
Investigators say the child was initially in a car seat, but 18-year-old Kayla Davis took her out so more people could fit in the car before the wreck Tuesday.
Authorities say the 2000 Nissan Altima was speeding and tried to pass another vehicle when it ran off the road, hit a utility pole and overturned. The baby was ejected and died, while the other five people in the car suffered minor injuries.
The car's driver, 21-year-old Thabiti Pierre-Louis is charged with felony death by motor vehicle, reckless driving and several other charges. It wasn't known if he or Davis had lawyers.


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French Immersion Studies
Students enrolled in French Immersion study partially in French while earning their undergraduate degree. It is offered in 60 programs in the Humanities, and another 26 programs in the faculties of Science and Engineering offer the Extended French Stream.
French immersion students have access to a wide variety of resources on campus, including a dedicated mentoring centre and French writing help, and numerous opportunities to take French outside the classroom in the National Capital Region and beyond.


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remove deodorant stains shirt underarms
How To Remove Deodorant Stains From Your Shirts And Blouses : Remove Deodorant Stains Shirt Underarms
Do you have a lovely shirts and blouses at your home?. You might be diligent to wash it after you worn it along day, but you shocked when found a stains around the armpit of your shirts and blouses. What is it?. How to get stains come after you diligently wash. In real, everything can occur on it, including when you are carelessly in choosing a bad deodorant. A bad deodorant commonly will leave white or black to your shirts and blouses, especially around armpit of your shirt. So, if it has been happen, how to remove it at whole?. Well, below are the ways to remove deodorant stains from shirts and blouses.
Be remember not to throw away an old fabric softener sheets! Keep it safe by saving it. In addition rause your softener sheets and rubbing them on the underarm section of your shirt and blouse which is need to clear. Indirectly, your sheets are going to wipe away all of the build- up products that can cause shy for someone on the go. Maintain a pile of fabric softener sheets around it when start dressing.
Then, another tips is by the way in using a deodorant. Well, when applying a deodorant, try to do it efficiently. As we know that most of people are often disturbed with spots on the skirt since they apply a deodorant too much. Let's try using a little less of the product. If necessary, you are allowed to use invisible deodorant. Now there are some deodorant manufacturers who produce a new innovation deodorant for your shirts and blouses named "invisible deodorant". This is a type of deodorant that can be used along days without leaving white or black stains in your shirts and blouses.
So, whenever you apply this invisible deodorant, how much you use it on your armpit, we are sure that it is still safe for your clothes. The texture is not far different than an ordinary deodorant but the color is more transparent so that not leaving stains on any fabrics.
The last way to remove deodorant stains from your shirts and blouses is by getting rid of your white marks is to prevent them. It can also be done by choosing the right deodorant that will dry clear or at least is clear in color. Dove can be considered for it, it makes a good line of clear, streak free deodorant for women and men and is extremely safe to use.
Here is needful instruction on remove Deodorant Stains From Your Shirts And Blouse. We have the greatest sources for remove Deodorant Stains From Your Shirts And Blouse. Check it out for yourself! You can discover Remove Deodorant Stains Shirt Underarms guide and see the latest How To Remove Deodorant Stains From Your Shirts And Blouses in here.
Back to How To Remove Deodorant Stains From Your Shirts And Blouses


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This next tutorial is going to be fun. I've decided to do two tutorials that of macabre nature. In this tutorial, I'll be showing you a simplistic way on "how to draw a love heart", step by step. It's kind of a contradiction between a 'love heart' and a rib-cage within the heart. You're probably expecting a cutesy drawing with an arrow through it. This drawing symbolizes what love can do to someone, kinda tearing your insides. This drawing shows just that. If you're going to draw this, make sure you have a few papers ready, as well as a sharpened pencil. I had fun working on this tutorial and I know you guys will enjoy it. If any of you have suggestions, leave them in the comments below! Peace and love, everyone!
DragoArt members upload artwork and drawing tutorials! They are also allowed to leave comments on tutorials, profiles, etc. Many more features, as well; it's way better than just being a boring guest! Register Now!


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plums_deify wrote:Ah, Brickarms...making it kosher and okay to have non-lego modern weapons in the Castle display, of all things.
Oh, and they're there, too. Everywhere. And they're not just pink.
Lewa Rocks wrote:BrickArms has cool weapons! I want some so badly!
But I don't have the money.....
Seikfreid wrote:Awesome! I've been waiting for the U-clips and they're finally here! I can't wait until we can order again. Looks like I wasn't the first one to make a visit to Brickarms.
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