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GPSOLO January/February 2008
Division News
General Practice, Solo & Small Firm Division
New Division Director
The GP|Solo Division is pleased to welcome its new Director, Kim Anderson. She wasn't on board yet when we went to press with our Officer and Delegate cheat sheets in the October/November 2007 issue, but we didn't want to let her off the hook so easily—so below you'll find all the information you'll need to embarrass her at the Midyear Meeting in Los Angeles:
Who Is Kim Anderson?
Staff Director
• Formally, Kimberly Anderson.
• Born and raised on the southwest side of Chicago (near Midway Airport) and currently lives in the South Loop. Ventured to New York City after college and lived there for 1.5 years.
• The second youngest of four girls. Her father exposed them to monster truck races, Cubs games, University of Illinois football games, toy trains, etc.
• Extensive association background with diverse positions at the American College of Healthcare Executives and SmithBucklin Corporation, the world's largest association management company.
• Will earn her MBA in June 2008 from DePaul University's Kellstadt Graduate School of Business with concentrations in leadership/change management and entrepreneurship. Received a B.A. in Corporate Communications from Northern Illinois University. At NIU, Kim drove a white and aqua '61 Chevy Impala, which was originally owned by her grandmother. It was truly a boat on wheels.
• Received two certifications: CAE (Certified Association Executive) and CMP (Certified Meeting Professional).
• Married for eight years and counting to Kurt. Caretaker of Ernie, a smooth-hair fox terrier, for six years. (To the disappointment of Kurt, Ernie is a woman's best friend.)
• Board member for the Kellstadt MBA Association.
• Enjoys live music and favorite concert thus far is Bruce Springsteen at the Stone Pony in Asbury Park, New Jersey. Also a frequent patron of the New Orleans Jazz Festival (looking forward to the Spring Meeting).
• You may be able to see her in the Batman movie to be released later this year. She was an extra for a two-day shoot.
March 13 to 15
Hilton Chicago
Chicago, Illinois
Now in its 22nd year, ABA TECHSHOW is still the world's premier legal technology conference, offering three days of educational sessions in legal technology to lawyers, paralegals, administrators, and IT managers—novices and experts alike. This year's program will include more than 60 educational sessions presented by the country's top legal technologists, and more than 120 technology vendors will display their goods and discuss their services during the two-day exposition.
Educational sessions will be grouped into 16 tracks focusing on specific areas of legal technology and geared to lawyers from every technology background. Tracks for 2008 will include Solo/Small Firm; Client Relationships; Records Management; Show Me How; Mobile Technology; E-Discovery; Litigation; and many others. Mandatory continuing legal education (MCLE) accreditation will be requested for this program from every state (including California and Pennsylvania) with MCLE requirements for lawyers.
On Friday, March 14, solo and small firm lawyers can take advantage of special programming designed just for them. Experience two solo/small firm tracks, other great technology programming, and admission to the Friday luncheon—all for the standard one-day rate.
GP|Solo Division members are eligible to receive a discount of $200 off every registration. To register, visit www.techshow.com and select Program Promoter Registration. Be sure to input Program Promoter ID PP826. Receive an additional $100 off if you register by February 1.
Save the Date!
GP|Solo 2008 Spring Meeting
May 1 to 3
Royal Sonesta Hotel
New Orleans, Louisiana
Nominating Committee Report
The GP|Solo Division Nominating Committee met during the 2007 Fall Meeting in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The full text of the Nominating Committee Report can be found on the Division website at www.abanet.org/genpractice/nominating.


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Jan 10, 2009 at 11:04 am
check out the mystery car of the day!!
Jan 3, 2009 at 6:33 pm
the chickens gotta scratch the rats eyes out. we should call it thunder COCK not chicken lol
Jan 3, 2009 at 4:38 pm
what boost? is thair somthing we need to know?

subset: commoncrawl


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(WEAU) - Wearing pink is a big part of October as people bring awareness to the fight against breast cancer.
Starting Thursday, you can find Eau Claire firefighters wearing pink uniforms for the cause. It's part of 'Eau Claire Firefighters Care Enough to Wear Pink'. They even wore their pink proudly while conducting rescue training earlier Thursday.
Crews say they're selling the pink t-shirts for $10, with 100% of the proceeds going to Susan G. Komen for the Cure.
Eau Claire Firefighters Union President Jeff Dykes told us they "think it's important as firefighters, we go around and help the community in their time of need. This is just an opportunity for us to raise awareness for breast cancer, to help support our mothers, our grandmothers, our wives, sisters and daughters. To draw that awareness to the community and hopefully find a cure for this terrible disease."
T-shirts can be purchased from Fire Station 9, which is located at 3611 Campus Road in Eau Claire after October 26. The cost of the shirt is $10.


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text: BYOD is something every business faces, even solution providers themselves. Solution providers can be recommending certain smartphones, tablets, hybrids or laptops for their customers while carrying a completely different device for their personal use. This year at UBM Channel's XChange 2013 in Washington, D.C., a sample of solution providers gave insight into what devices they use themselves. Here are their picks.


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Search terms
Protect your iPod in a clear shell
Tough and transparent, VideoShell surrounds your iPod in crystal clear protection. The polycarbonate body features a built-in desktop stand for hands-free video viewing on any flat surface. The included Surface Shield adds screen protection See all benefits
Unfortunately this product is no longer available
This hard-shell case is made out of tough polycarbonate, so it provides strong, clear protection for your device.
The integrated desktop stand on the back of the case allows convenient, hands-free video viewing on any flat surface.
The openings on this case allow convenient access to all controls and dock connector, so you can use your device while it's protected inside the case.
This case features an opening for the headphone jack, so you can continue to enjoy your device while it's protected inside the case.
The included Surface Shield adds an invisible layer of protection to your device's display screen using static adhesion, so it's easy to apply and remove without leaving any sticky residue.


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Pier 60 is ideally located on world-renowned sparkling Clearwater Beach. It is one of the best-equipped and most attractive fishing piers in Florida. Pier 60 offers access to fishing activities, fine dining, shopping, entertainment and outstanding white sandy beaches.
Pier 60 is a multipurpose facility. It is staffed by employees that are skilled in providing "Excellent Customer Service". Our employees take pride in meeting the requests of our citizens and customers.
October 1st through March 31st
Sunday-Thursday Open 6:00 am to 9:30 pm
Friday-Saturday Open 24 hours.
April 1st through September 30th – Open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
Closed on Christmas Day
$0.50 walk on admission fee
Daily Fishing Fees
Adults: $8.00
Seniors: $6.75
Children 11 and under: $5.25
Weekly Pass
Adults: $30.00
Seniors: $25.00
Children 11 and under: $20.00
Monthly Pass
Adults: $60.00
Seniors: $50.00
Yearly Pass
Adults: $250.00
Seniors: $200.00
Rod Rental
Additional Information
50% off yearly passes for spouses.
For more information, call (727)462-6466


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Case Western Reserve University
at a glance
Case Western Reserve University is located in Cleveland's University Circle, the 500-acre, park-like home of more than 40 cultural, medical, educational, religious, and social service institutions. The only independent, research-oriented university in a region bounded by Pittsburgh and Rochester on the east, Nashville on the south, and Chicago on the west, Case Western Reserve holds membership in the Association of American Universities, and is fully accredited by the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools and by several nationally recognized professional accrediting associations.
University community:
Undergraduate: 4,661
Graduate and Professional: 5,664
Total (headcount, all programs): 10,325
States represented: 50
Countries represented: 93
Faculty (full-time): 3,155
Staff (full-time and part-time): 3,097
Alumni: 100,000+
Degrees awarded, 2012-13:
- Undergraduate: 898
- Masters: 1,113
- Doctorates: 705
- Certificates: 7
- Total: 2,723
Financials, 2012-13:
- Operating budget: $987.8 million
- Endowment funds (market value, June 30, 2013): $1.7 billion
- Gifts and pledges from private sources: $145.9 million
- Research revenues: $362.9 million
- Full-time undergraduate tuition: $40,120
- Institutional type (Carnegie classification): Research University (Very High Research Activity)
- Fiscal year: July 1 to June 30
- Library holdings: 2.85 million volumes
- Campus Size: 155 acres located in Cleveland's University Circle community, and a 389-acre farm located in Hunting Valley, Ohio.
- Barbara R. Snyder, President
- W. A. "Bud" Baeslack III, Provost and Executive Vice President


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Dempsey finished her career as the ninth leading scorer in Harvard history (photo Gil Talbot).
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. – Jillian Dempsey of the Harvard women's ice hockey team was announced as one of six forwards to the New England All-Star Team. Dempsey, a senior co-captain, had her best season in Cambridge this past year to earn a spot on the team for the first time in her career.
Dempsey led Harvard with 24 goals and 21 assists for 45 points, while also earning a team-high rating of +38. She is ranked No. 12 in the country in goals per game (0.71) and tied for 16th in points per contest (1.32) thanks to her explosive play this season. The Winthrop, Mass., native scored in each of the Crimson's first 16 games to produce a 30-game point streak dating back to 2011-12, the longest run in the nation at the time. Her consistent effort led Harvard to a No. 2 ranking earlier in 2012-13, its highest spot in the polls since 2008, the 2013 Ivy League championship and a berth in the NCAA tournament.
Kelly Babstock, Jr., F, Mississauga, Ontario (Quinnipiac)
Alex Carpenter, So., F, North Reading, Mass. (Boston College)
Kendall Coyne, So., F, Palos Heights, Ill. (Northeastern)
Jillian Dempsey, Sr., F, Winthrop, Mass. (Harvard)
Marie-Philip Poulin, Jr., F, Beauceville, Quebec (Boston University)
Haley Skarupa, Fr., F, Rockville, Md. (Boston College)
Blake Bolden, Sr., D, Stow, Ohio (Boston College)
Regan Boulton, Sr., D, Brandon, Manitoba (Quinnipiac)
Shannon Doyle, Jr., D, Baldwin, Ontario (Boston University)
Emily Pfalzer, So., D, Getzville, N.Y. (Boston College)
Corinne Boyles, Sr., G, Wheaton, Ill. (Boston College)
Roxanne Douville, Jr., G, Beloeil, Quebec (Vermont)


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October 08. 2013 12:25PM
Maine woman remains in critical condition after fatal Dover crash
By JOHN QUINN
Union Leader Correspondent
– Police identified the drivers involved in a two-vehicle accident which led to the death of a man and seriously injured a woman.Ralph Iovanna, 62, of South Berwick, Maine, was declared dead at Wentworth-Douglass Hospital after his green Lincoln Mark VIII was broadsided by an eastbound, silver Nissan Rouge driven by Kris Sanford-Johnson, 44, of Sanford, Maine, along Route 4, according to police.Police determined the accident occurred when the Lincoln, which was traveling eastbound on Oak Street, drove onto Portland Avenue.Police, firefighters and emergency personnel responded around 7:45 p.m.Fire Chief Richard Driscoll said both drivers, the sole occupants in their vehicles, were alive at the scene but had sustained serious injuries from the crash.Driscoll said firefighters were able to remove both drivers from passenger side doors. He said off-duty firefighters provided station coverage to allow crews to work at the scene."With trauma patients, time is of an essence," Driscoll said. Dover ambulance crews transported both drivers to the hospital, where Iovanna succumbed from his injuries.As of Tuesday morning, Sanford-Johnson remained in critical condition at Wentworth-Douglass Hospital, according to police.Members of the Dover Police Technical Accident Reconstruction Unit and Special Investigations Bureau continue to investigate the accident."The investigation is very active and at this point it would be premature to release a cause. All aspects are being looked into to include but not limited to speed, driver impairment, driver inattention, mechanical issues, weather conditions and lighting," Police Capt. Bill Breault said.After the accident, police from Dover and Rollinsford detoured traffic around the scene as Route 4, also known as Portland Avenue, and Oak Street were partially closed for several hours, according to Breault.


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JAKARTA, Indonesia (AP) — A day after Indonesia's presidential elections failed to produce a clear winner, Jakarta's police chief promised to prevent violence by cracking down on anyone celebrating prematurely. With both candidates continuing to claim victory, the next leader of the world's third-largest democracy could be decided in court.
Wednesday's third direct presidential vote went smoothly, but fears of unrest surfaced after Jakarta Gov. Joko Widodo and ex-army general Prabowo Subianto both declared a win after the quick count results were released.
The apparent deadlock has raised fears of political instability in the world's most populous Muslim nation and Southeast Asia's biggest economy. It could not only stymie the economic development but also stall the nation's young democracy, which has just begun to flourish after decades of authoritarian rule.
Widodo, known as Jokowi, came out ahead with 52 percent of the vote, according to the three most credible unofficial quick counts. But Subianto pointed to lesser-known surveys showing he came out on top, but later said he would consider the election commission's announcement in two weeks as the "only formal result of the election."
Both candidates met separately in private meetings with outgoing President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on Wednesday night. Widodo emerged afterward to urge supporters, who were setting off fireworks, waving flags and riding motorbikes around the heart of the capital, to stand down.
"We appeal to the party's members and sympathizers, volunteers and supporters, you don't need to parade to celebrate the presidential election victory. It's better for us to pray and give thanks," he said. "We need to minimize friction that could arise."
Yudhoyono also urged both sides to "restrain themselves" and not allow their supporters to publicly declare victory.
"We will not hesitate to take firm action," said Jakarta police chief Maj. Gen. Dwi Priyatno. He added that security forces were working closely with both camps "to anticipate everything that could cause friction among people and lead to massive rash acts."
The election commission, which began tallying the votes, will produce the official results by July 22. But if either candidate refutes the outcome due to evidence of fraud or other voting irregularities, the case will go to the Constitutional Court. The judges have two weeks to make a ruling after receiving complaints.
Subianto, who has ties to the country's political and business elite and was once married to former dictator Suharto's daughter, has already raised concerns about the quick count's legitimacy. The tally is a representative sample of votes cast around the country and civil society organizations have used the method to accurately forecast the results of previous elections.
"Prabowo-Hatta is leading the real vote count in many regions," Subianto said, referring to his running mate Hatta Rajasa. "That is the situation."
Some analysts say that in a country plagued by corruption, there is plenty of room for bribery, intimidation or other tactics to sully the official count of more than 140 million ballots that must be transported to regional centers, often from remote areas scattered across Indonesia's archipelago — spanning roughly the width of the United States.
"The Jokowi camp is clearly worried that there will be fraud in the aggregation process," said Jakarta-based political analyst Paul Rowland. "There are plenty of opportunities there to change the numbers."
Confidence in the Constitutional Court has also recently been shaken, though some are already predicting that's where Indonesia's next president will be decided. Last month, its former chief justice was jailed for life for accepting bribes while ruling on a regional election dispute.
"Considering victory claims from both candidates, it seems difficult to avoid a legal battle at the Constitutional Court," said Denny Indrayana, deputy minister of Law and Human Rights. "The credibility of the Constitutional Court as the last decider of the presidential election's results is at stake."
But if it does go that far, others say they believe Subianto would accept the final ruling.
"I think Prabowo's main intention, main campaign platform was for the security, safety and stability of the nation," said Tobias Basuki, an analyst from the Center for Strategic and International Studies, which conducted one of the highly respected quick count surveys that determined Widodo as the winner. "I believe he will concede defeat, and the largest extent would be going to the Constitutional Court."
The election has energized the country of 240 million. Turnout was estimated around 75 percent in a race that was polarized by two very different figures.
Widodo, 53, of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, is the first candidate in a direct presidential election with no ties to former late dictator Suharto, who ruled for 30 years before being overthrown in 1998. He is a former furniture exporter from humble beginnings who has built a reputation of being an efficient leader, getting elected to run the capital in 2012. He is seen as a man of the people and ran a more grassroots campaign.
Subianto, 62, of the Great Indonesia Movement Party, comes from a wealthy, well-known family and is accused of widespread human rights abuses, including ordering pro-democracy activists kidnapped before Suharto's fall. He surged forward in the polls just weeks before the election after picking up endorsements from most of the country's major political parties and running a more well-oiled campaign. He appealed to many voters by vowing strong leadership that many believe has been absent with Yudhoyono, who was constitutionally barred from running after serving two five-year terms.
Associated Press writers Niniek Karmini and Ali Kotarumalos in Jakarta, Indonesia and Chris Brummitt in Hanoi, Vietnam contributed to this report.


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Price To Book
|This article is part of WikiProject Definitions. Consider editing to improve it. View articles referencing this definition.
Price To Book Ratio equals the share price divided by the book value per share
The Price to Book Ratio (alternately Price to Book, Price to Book Value, Price/Book, P/B, or P to B) is a financial metric used to compare a company's book value to the share price at which it is currently trading. It is generally calculated by dividing the share price by the book value per share, though it can also be calculated by dividing the company's market capitalization by the total book value listed on the balance sheet.
The Price to Book Ratio varies dramatically between industries. A company that requires more assets (e.g. a manufacturing company with factory space and machinery) will generally post a drastically lower price to book than a company whose earnings come from the provision of a service (e.g. a consulting firm).
Price to Book is often used to gauge a stock's relative value. A company trading at a low price to book, particularly when compared to other companies in its industry, is thought to be undervalued relative to its share price. However, a low price to book could also be an indication of negative forward looking investor confidence (e.g. poor earnings projections) or a disproportionate amount of Intangible assets on the books, depending on which version of the calculation is used (see below section on tangible vs intangible). As such, when used for security analysis, price to book is often coupled with metrics such as P/E, PEG, Return on Equity, and the Current Ratio to get a better snapshot of the company as a whole.
Generally speaking, P/B is a measure of the share price relative to the value of the company's total assets minus liabilities, per share. However, in some calculations intangible assets and goodwill are removed from the equation as their value is significantly more subjective and often has no resale value. In this case, the ratio may be reffered to as "Price to Tangible Book Value".


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I don't imagine you have an oscilloscope to look at the 24V DMX data signal... If you have a multimeter, you can write a little test program to slowly toggle the data line and check if it's going between (approx) +24V and zero.
I'm not really familiar with the DMX specs/requirements, so I'm not sure about any of this... But, it looks like you are supposed to have a balanced ("push pull') connection. Is that right? And, I think you are not getting enough current through the 10k resistor. Do you have any idea about the current requirements or the input impedance of your DMX devices? (RS-485?) The more devices you hook-up, the more of a problem that 10K resistor becomes.A lower-value resistor might "work", but you probably need a better driver circuit to drive the signal high, rather than relying on a pull-up resistor. Unbalanced drive might "work" too, but I don't think it's compliant to the spec. You should be able to get an RS-485 driver chip.
What do you mean with a better driver circuit? Is an RS485 driver chip capable of going up to 24V?
You are misinterpreting the info. Color Kinetics uses a 3 wire power/data distribution.Red +24V DCWhite dataBlack CommonThey are NOT DMX. To use with DMX they require a controller/PSU unit. They also use a proprietary data format. Not sure if that format is just DMX ran as an unbalanced signal or if it does some data translation. I also have no idea what voltage the data line runs at, my gut says 24V on the data line could fry it.


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(AllHipHop News) Toronto, Canada based rapper Drake has split with his American management team Hip Hop Since 1978, and has hired the William Morris Agency to represent him.
The rap star, who is still signed to Cash Money Records, also fired his booking agents International Creative Management due to a difference in opinion on various business matters.
A source told theNew York Postthat Drake cleaned house for a number of reasons.
"Drake just felt like there were too many hands in his pockets," the source told The Post. "He was getting pulled in too many different directions."
Hip Hop Since 1978 is a management company comprised of some of the industry's top managers and employs veterans like Al Branch, Cortez Bryant, Kinky "B" Ellerbee and Kyambo "Hip Hop" Joshua and Gee Roberson.
The company manages a number of superstar rappers, including Young Jeezy, T.I., Lil Wayne, Just Blaze and Kanye West.
According to rumors, Drake and Kanye West are at odds, which could explain the Canadian rapper's departure from the Hip Hop Since 1978 camp, although neither artist has substantiated the reports.


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Krause, Jim is the author of 'Photo Idea Index People: Ideas and Inspiration for Creating Professional-Quality Images Using Standard Digital Equipment', published 2010 under ISBN 9781600610424 and ISBN 1600610420.[read more]
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NHTSA: Fatal car crashes rising, but not because of cell phones
The federal government has released its statistical analysis of every fatal crash in 2016, and the results are surprising. The number of fatal accidents per mile traveled increased by 2.6 percent compared to 2015—and it's not because of distracted drivers.
The total number of fatal accidents jumped a startling 5.6 percent, though that number also reflects a 2.2 percent increase overall traffic. However, while the overall trend was in the wrong direction, distracted driving deaths decreased 2.2 percent. That means that for all the talk of distracting infotainment systems, and for all the complaints of drivers using cell phones, the number of fatalities they cause actually decreased.
While the NHTSA's data doesn't offer deeper insight into the collisions beyond the immediate causes, the trends run contrary to public perception. Distracted driving — while unquestionably still both a) extremely dangerous and b) the fourth ranking cause of fatal accidents — has been a hot-button topic of late. Even Apple made waves earlier this year when it announced a new feature on iOS 11 that prevented drivers from using their phone if it's paired to a car.
Instead of distractions, the patterns in 2016 highlight the unfortunate rise of some old standbys. The three largest causes of fatal accidents, drunk driving, speeding, and failing to use a seatbelt, all saw gains. Drunk driving, was the main factor in 10,497 fatalities, remained the number one overall cause, but not by much. With increases over 2015 of 4.6 percent and 4.0 percent, respectively, unbelted (10,428) and speeding drivers (10,111) are now virtually in a three-way tie for the main cause of traffic deaths.
Also seeing large increases were motorcyclists (up 5.1 percent), and pedestrians (up 9.0 percent).
Read more from Internet Brands Automotive:
- 2018 Kia Stinger GT first drive review: an upscale, sporty bargain
- Cadillac's Super Cruise provides a glimpse into the self-driving future today
- Koenigsegg just destroyed the Bugatti Chiron's 0-248-0 MPH record
- 2020 Porsche 'Mission E' electric sedan spy shots
- 2018 Buick Enclave vs. 2018 Acura MDX: Compare Cars


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Search our database of handpicked sites
Looking for a great physics site? We've tracked down the very best and checked them for accuracy. Just fill out the fields below and we'll do the rest.
You searched for "nuclear physics"
We found 14 results on physics.org and 724 results in our database of sites
(of which 683 are Websites, 17 are Videos, and 24 are Experiments)
Search results on physics.org
What is string theory?
What is the Higgs Boson?
Particle accelerators to the rescue
All about... supernovae
HiPER power
The Radioactive Orchestra
Are we really all made of stardust?
How is physics used in archaeology?
What is radioactivity?
What is proton therapy?
What is physics?
Will an asteroid impact spell the end of humanity?
Sci-Art: The final frontier
Could we ever go back in time?
The New Zealand Physics Teachers' Resource Bank
A website with physics demonstration videos that feature New Zealand high school students doing, enjoying, and explaining physics experiments. Bilingual in English and te reo Maori.
Emilio Segre
1959 Nobel laureate Emilio Segre (1905 - 1989) was mainly interested in atomic and nuclear physics.
E=mc2: Einstein's equation that gave birth to the atom bomb
Einstein's famous equation changed the world of physics and allowed scientists to understand what happens in nuclear reactions.
Ground zero II - nuclear bomb simulator
Pick your nuclear weapon of choice, drop a virtual nuclear bomb on your area and see its impact on the surrounding area. Ouch.
Hideki Yukawa
Hideki Yukawa (1907 - 1981) published a paper in which he proposed a new field theory of nuclear forces and predicted the existence of the meson. He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1949.
Particle physics
Particle physics is the study of the fundamental constituents of matter and the forces of nature. This website is for everyone who wants to know more about particle physics.
Physics GCSE & A-level revision & information website covering all topics. Covering AQA's current GCSE Physics and AS & A2 Physics courses.
Physics Book Reading List
A reading list compiled by physics teacher Helen Reynolds that would be suitable for anyone taking physics at school.
Big Bang Blogs
Where do you see yourself in 5 years? Big bang blogs puts you in touch with e-mentors who can answer your questions about what it's like to study physics or what opportunities physics and science ...
Shockwave Physics Studios
The Shockwave Physics Studios is a series of interactive animations designed for high school physics students.


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Kwiki::PageTemplate - pre-fill kwiki page with this template
Paste this into your SandBox and visit the SandBox.
page_id_prefix: Resume
name: text
- Woman
- Woman-in-man
bio: textarea
= Resume form
My name: {field:name}
Email: {field:name}
Fill the above form and you will probabally get the job.
This purpose of this plugin is to let your Kwiki User edit pages even more easily. They only have to type some characters into a given form, submit it, and done. Not even Kwiki formatter syntax knowledged required.
The basic idea is from mac.com hompage editing, they provide a nearly WYSIWYG web interface to edit your homepage, because the have many pr-defined HTML templates, which are a big form, after you submit that form, what you just inputed replace the original input fields, becomes the content of the generated page.
The "page_template_fields" wafl block is a YAML block where you can define your form variables, and their input types, if the type is a array, it'll become a pull-down select menu. After user submit the form, this plugin will generate a page prefixed with the value "page_template_page_id_prefix", default to "PageTemplateGenerated" in your config/page_template.yaml, but you may specify "page_id_prefix" in the page_template_fields wafl block to override this. The example given in SYNOPSIS demostrate this feature, let the form generate a page named like "Resume3", the number afterwards are increased automatically each time somebody submit the form.
By default, the generated page will preserve same look as in the "page_template" block. But if you want to display the generated page in another look, you may write the template code in "page_template_display" wafl block.
This plugin is still in it's early development and currently, re-editing the generated page is not implemented, and something may break in the future. So use it at your on risk.
Copyright 2004 by Kang-min Liu <email@example.com>.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
See <http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html>


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'Vampire Diaries' News! 'Supernatural' Actress Lauren Cohan Is Damon's New Love Interest, Rose! Vote: Is She Better For Him Than Elena?
Speak up, Delena fans! Tell us who YOU think Damon belongs with: Elena or newcomer Rose?
As much as I want to see Damon Salvatore (Ian Somerhalder) end up with Elena Gilbert (Nina Dobrev) on The Vampire Diaries, it sounds like my dream couple will have to wait. Zap2it's Carina MacKenzie just revealed that Supernatural actress Lauren Cohan is joining the Diaries as a love interest for — wait for it — Damon! Lauren will play Rose, a vampire who's 500+ years old and a "tough girl," according to a source. "Maybe there's some humanity left in her — have fun finding it."
The source says Rose will arrive in Mystic Falls on the eighth episode this season, aptly titled "Rose" — and I, for one, am totally dreading that day. Damon and Elena's sexual tension is undeniable and we do NOT need this Rose chick flying in and messing that up!
But what do YOU think? Does Damon need a hot vamp like Rose to get over Katherine… or is Elena all the woman he'll ever need? Vote below, and drop me your thoughts in the comments section!


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MARS will be hosting a session on jake on Saturday, July 8 at the Chicago Marriott Downtown. Several of us from the jake project will be there presenting and discussing. Hope you can make it too... for more info see the MARS Hot Topics site.
jake at MARS Hot Topics, ALA Chicago
oss4lib get-together at ALA, New Orleans
Who can come Sunday evening at 8pm? We can meet at the end of the RLG-led Ariel Users Group session (where, by the way, Prospero and EDD will be demoed among other things). Email Dan or post here if you can come.
NEASIS Open Source symposium
from Step, on oss4lib-list yesterday: "The New England Chapter of the American Society for Information Science is sponsoring a symposium on "Open Source (and Free) Systems and Libraries" on December 6, 1999 at Yale University. NEASIS looks forward to the participation of Daniel Chudnov, Eric Raymond, Richard Stallman, and others at this event. A formal announcement will be sent out to various listservs, including OSS4LIB, in September."
oss4lib at Open Source/Open Science
Anyone attending the Open Source/Open Science conference starting tomorrow should stop by and visit the oss4lib poster/demo table. That's right... oss4lib is taking its first road trip. I'll be mostly talking about Jake and Prospero, but am definitely looking forward to meeting folks and such. Hope to see you there... (afterward: the conference went really well, with lots of very good feedback. in particular, Jon "Maddog" Hall suggested during his talk that librarians should reclassify free software to make it easier for folks to find... and one of the folks from openscience.org suggested something like science citation index for code, so programmers could get credit for reuse of their work by others. and i got a tour of a superconductor. all in all, it was a very worthwhile day on at our friendly neighborhood national lab... look for it next year. -dc
conference: Open Source and Free Systems/Software
Step wrote to the list that the December 6, 1999 event to be held at Yale University is on, and sponsored by NEASIS. Speakers will include Richard Stallman, Eric Raymond, and yours truly. Attendance is limited, so get signed up now...
O'Reilly donates books for NEASIS conference
in support of the upcoming NEASIS conference on Open Source and Free Systems/Software: Implications for Libraries, everybody's favorite tech publisher--O'Reilly and Associates, natch--has kindly donated door prizes. three copies each of Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution and The Cathedral & the Bazaar arrived at my door recently... come to the conference (at Yale University on Dec 6, 1999) and you just might take one home.
LITA Open Source SIG at ALA Midwinter
Dave writes: "There will be a meeting of the newly-formed LITA Open Source Systems Interest Group at Midwinter. It will be Sat 1/15/2000 from 5:30 p.m.-6:30 p.m. at the Marriott Rivercenter (MARHQ - NOT the Marriot Riverwalk), Conference 4. This Interest Group is chaired by Jeremy Frumkin of the University of Arizona Libraries and vice-chaired by me. The agenda will include final
preparations for the IG's first program at ALA Chicago, discussion of ongoing open source library initiatives and projects, discussion of the IG's goals and objectives, and future programming possibilities. All interested parties are more than welcome to attend."
LITA OSSIG@ALA meeting notes
as seen at the osdls site: "The Open Source Systems for Libraries Interest Group of LITA held its initial business meeting at ALA Midwinter in San Antonio, Texas, on Jan. 15 from 5:30 PM to 6:30 PM. 24 people were in attendance..." More info, including how to join the OSSIG listserv, is available here. Great turnout, but I guess Jeremy didn't bring his camera this time... :(


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HARARE, Zimbabwe (AP) — A Zimbabwe court has refused to release on bail a human rights leader facing allegations of fraud and forgery relating to election documents.
State prosecutors alleged Wednesday that Okay Machisa, head of the independent Zimbabwe Human Rights Association, obtained a voter registration form and made counterfeit copies ahead of elections scheduled later this year.
Machisa, arrested Monday, denies any wrongdoing. He is to be held in jail to reappear in court Jan. 30.
His organization says it routinely monitors election procedures and voter registration and voter education programs in the interests of free and fair polling.
Rights groups have condemned Machisa's arrest as a ploy to intimidate activists in the run up to elections to end a shaky coalition government formed after the last disputed and violent polling in 2008.


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|Dover, NH
|High School:
|Phillips Exeter
|History of art
|Residential College:
2012-13: Sat in the second varsity eight that placed fifth in the grand final at the NCAA Championship.
2011-12: Won a gold medal with the second varsity four at the Ivy League Championship.
2010-11: Rowed in the No. 6 seat for the third varsity eight that finished fourth in the grand final at Eastern Sprints... Spare for the NCAA Championship.
Before Yale: Member of the 2009 USA Junior National High Performance Team that competed in Germany… Helped Exeter to the 2009 New England championship… Part of the 2008 Exeter 2V that went undefeated and won the New England championship.
Personal: Finished in the top eight in all of her events (500 free, 200 free and 4x50 relay) at the New England Prep School Swimming Championships… Helped Exeter to second-place finish.
Why Yale? "At the beginning all I really knew was that at Yale I would have a challenging peer group that would continually push me to do better, both in academics and athletics. Talking with the coaches, members of the team and going on my official visit proved that to me."


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Metallica Unveil More Clips From 'Through the Never' 3D Movie
With the release date of Metallica's 3D concert film 'Through the Never' quickly approaching, fans can see both behind the scenes footage and clips from the actual movie in newly released videos.
After last week's release of 'Hit The Lights: The Making of Metallica's Through the Never' Chapter 1 and Chapter 2, the latest installment is now available. Chapter 3 (watch above) features the development and implementation of the electric chair effect from 'Ride the Lightning' using Tesla coils.
When talking about the electric chair effect in the video, guitarist Kirk Hammett says, "It's incredible when the electric chair comes down and the Tesla coils start firing and you have these huge lightning bolts coming out of it. It's super impressive."
Meanwhile, an exclusive clip from the movie is now available via 'Entertainment Weekly.' Not just a concert film, 'Metallica: Through the Never' also features a storyline where a roadie played by Dane DeHaan is sent on an urgent mission while Metallica is playing a concert and finds his world turned upside down.
In the clip, DeHaan encounters a riderless horse, a fleeing mob and a flaming police car, all while Metallica plays 'One.' You can watch the clip here.
'Metallica: Through the Never' debuts on IMAX 3D on Sept. 27, then will be theaters everywhere beginning Oct. 4.
On Friday (Sept. 21), Metallica will play a special show at New York's famed Apollo Theater to celebrate the return of the Mandatory Metallica channel to SiriusXM radio.


text:
President Barack Obama will meet the four top leaders of Congress at the White House on Wednesday to urge lawmakers to reopen the government and raise the U.S. debt ceiling, a White House official said.
Continue Reading Below
Obama will meet at 5:30 p.m. EDT (2130 GMT) with Republican Speaker of the House of Representatives John Boehner, House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi, Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid and Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell.
Obama will urge the House to pass a "clean" bill to re-open the U.S. government, the official said.
Boehner's office said the meeting would be the start of serious talks to bridge differences that led to government agencies closing down.


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Dope Or Nope? 12 Rappers Rocking Leather Pants
Leather pants. Tight, noisy and meant to grab attention, they date back as early as videos like "Mo' Money, Mo Problems" and they've since made a comeback via some of today's hottest rappers. Who rocked it best? From bright red to sagging sweats, check out 12 rappers who caught wind of the of cowhide trend.
Photo Credit: Blogs.TheScore.com


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text:
Page 4
This doctrine on indulgences therefore "teaches firstly how sad and bitter it is
to have abandoned the Lord God (cf. Jer 2:19). When they gain indulgences, the faithful
understand that by their own strength they would not be able to make good the evil which
by sinning they have done to themselves and to the entire community, and therefore they
are stirred to saving deeds of humility".(18) Furthermore, the truth about the
communion of saints which unites believers to Christ and to one another, reveals how much
each of us can help others living or dead to become ever more intimately
united with the Father in heaven.
Drawing on these doctrinal reasons and interpreting the motherly intuition of the
Church, I decree that throughout the entire Jubilee all the faithful, properly prepared,
be able to make abundant use of the gift of the indulgence, according to the directives
which accompany this Bull (cf. attached decree).
11. These signs have long been part of the traditional celebration of Jubilees. Nor
will the People of God fail to recognize other possible signs of the mercy of God at work
in the Jubilee. In my Apostolic Letter Tertio Millennio Adveniente, I suggested some which
may help people to live the exceptional grace of the Jubilee with greater
fervour.(19) I
recall them briefly here.
First of all, the sign of the purification of memory; this calls everyone to make an
act of courage and humility in recognizing the wrongs done by those who have borne or bear
the name of Christian.
By its nature, the Holy Year is a time when we are called to conversion. This is the
first word of the preaching of Jesus, which significantly enough is linked with readiness
to believe: "Repent and believe the Good News" (Mk 1:15). The imperative put by
Christ flows from realization of the fact that "the time is fulfilled" (Mk
1:15). The fulfilment of God's time becomes a summons to conversion, which is in the first
place an effect of grace. It is the Spirit who impels each of us to "return into
ourselves" and to see the need to go back to the Father's house (cf. Lk 15:17-20).
Examination of conscience is therefore one of the most decisive moments of life. It places
each individual before the truth of his own life. Thus he discovers the distance which
separates his deeds from the ideal which he had set himself.
The history of the Church is a history of holiness. The New Testament strongly states
this mark of the baptized: they are "saints" to the extent that, being separate
from the world insofar as the latter is subject to the Evil One, they consecrate
themselves to worshipping the one true God. In fact, this holiness is evident not only in
the lives of the many Saints and Beati recognized by the Church, but also in the lives of
the immense host of unknown men and women whose number it is impossible to calculate (cf.
Rev 7:9). Their lives attest to the truth of the Gospel and offer the world a visible sign
that perfection is possible. Yet it must be acknowledged that history also records events
which constitute a counter-testimony to Christianity. Because of the bond which unites us
to one another in the Mystical Body, all of us, though not personally responsible and
without encroaching on the judgement of God who alone knows every heart, bear the burden
of the errors and faults of those who have gone before us. Yet we too, sons and daughters
of the Church, have sinned and have hindered the Bride of Christ from shining forth in all
her beauty. Our sin has impeded the Spirit's working in the hearts of many people. Our
meagre faith has meant that many have lapsed into apathy and been driven away from a true
encounter with Christ.
As the Successor of Peter, I ask that in this year of mercy the Church, strong in the
holiness which she receives from her Lord, should kneel before God and implore forgiveness
for the past and present sins of her sons and daughters. All have sinned and none can
claim righteousness before God (cf. 1 Kgs 8:46). Let it be said once more without fear:
"We have sinned" (Jer 3:25), but let us keep alive the certainty that
"where sin increased, grace abounded even more" (Rom 5:20).
The embrace which the Father reserves for repentant sinners who go to him will be our
just reward for the humble recognition of our own faults and the faults of others, a
recognition based upon awareness of the profound bond which unites all the members of the
Mystical Body of Christ. Christians are invited to acknowledge, before God and before
those offended by their actions, the faults which they have committed. Let them do so
without seeking anything in return, but strengthened only by "the love of God which
has been poured into our hearts" (Rom 5:5). At the same time, there will be no lack
of fair-minded people able to recognize that past and present history also records
incidents of exclusion, injustice and persecution directed against the sons and daughters
of the Church.
Let no one in this Jubilee year wish to exclude himself from the Father's embrace. Let
no one behave like the elder brother in the Gospel parable who refuses to enter the house
to celebrate (cf. Lk 15:25-30). May the joy of forgiveness be stronger and greater than
any resentment. Thus the Bride will shine before the eyes of the world with the beauty and
holiness which come from the Lord's grace. For two thousand years, the Church has been the
cradle in which Mary places Jesus and entrusts him to the adoration and contemplation of
all peoples. May the humility of the Bride cause to shine forth still more brightly the
glory and power of the Eucharist, which she celebrates and treasures in her heart. In the
sign of the consecrated Bread and Wine, Christ Jesus risen and glorified, the light of the
nations (cf. Lk 2:32), reveals the enduring reality of his Incarnation. He remains living
and real in our midst in order to nourish the faithful with his Body and Blood.
Let us therefore look to the future. The merciful Father takes no account of the sins
for which we are truly sorry (cf. Is 38:17). He is now doing something new, and in the
love which forgives he anticipates the new heavens and the new earth. Therefore, so that
there may be a renewed commitment to Christian witness in the world of the next
millennium, let faith be refreshed, let hope increase and let charity exert itself still
12. One sign of the mercy of God which is especially necessary today is the sign of
charity, which opens our eyes to the needs of those who are poor and excluded. Such is the
situation affecting vast sectors of society and casting its shadow of death upon whole
peoples. The human race is facing forms of slavery which are new and more subtle than
those of the past; and for too many people freedom remains a word without meaning. Some
nations, especially the poorer ones, are oppressed by a debt so huge that repayment is
practically impossible. It is clear, therefore, that there can be no real progress without
effective cooperation between the peoples of every language, race, nationality and
religion. The abuses of power which result in some dominating others must stop: such
abuses are sinful and unjust. Whoever is concerned to accumulate treasure only on earth
(cf. Mt 6:19) "is not rich in the sight of God" (Lk 12:21).
Terms of Use
Privacy Policy


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text:
Emblem inscription: American hospital ship -- Maine -- South Africa;]]>
White cord and tassel at menu spine]]>
American flag made of fabric and embossed gold turkey on cover. "A musical programme and cake walk will be given at 9 p.m. in the dining hall for the entertainment of our guests"--p. 2. Music program included.]]>
Menu lists the meal time at 5 o'clock and includes the text: "The Palmer. Thoroughly Fire Proof." Back of menu features an image of The Palmer Hotel along with the text: "American and European Plans, 850 Rooms."]]>
Time given on menu, 8 P.M. Engraving of the hotel on the back cover is inscribed "Penfield" (possibly R. C. Penfield, engravers and lithographers, of Philadelphia).]]>
American flag on the front cover; short and long drinks are listed;]]>
"American and European plan." is printed in the bottom left corner of front cover.]]>
No date on menu. Front cover illustration, No. 48 engraved and copyrighted by J A Lowell & Co. Boston, 1879]]>
Embossed color illustrations on front cover. Signature in blue ink on back cover. Amusements, At the Burtis Opera House, November 3d, Clara Louise Kellogg Grand Concert Company.]]>
Illustration on front cover engraved and copyrighted by J.A. Lowell & Co. Boston, 1878, no. 35. Monogram of restaurant on back cover.]]>
Illustration on front cover engraved and copyrighted by J.A. Lowell & Co. Boston, 1878, no. 38. Monogram of restaurant on back cover.]]>
Square menu positioned diagonally; Menu on front cover with an image of a red and white woven cloth with frayed edges in the background. "F. T. Clark"--p. 2.]]>
Corkage, $1 per bottle. Wine cards to be had from waiters. Perfumed by A. B. Stewart, Druggist. Illustration on front cover of menu, Engraved & printed by E. G. Farmer & Co. Prov. R.I.]]>
Menu has scalloped border.]]>
Service from 11 pm - 7 am;]]>
Illustration, no. 426 on front cover copyrighted by Robinson Eng. Co., Boston 1882. Monogram of hotel on back cover. Includes wine list.]]>
Limited room service menu due to construction; ca. 1977]]>
Tri-fold menu; menu copyrighted 1978 by Hilton Hotels, Corp.]]>
Includes insert featuring luncheon specials;]]>
Service from 11 pm-7 am;]]>
Service from 7 am - 11 pm;]]>


text:
"You guys are just standing up because you feel bad that I fell." — Jennifer Lawrence acknowledging her standing ovation after being named winner of the lead actress Oscar.
— Christina Hoag.
EDITOR'S NOTE — Show Bits brings you the 85th annual Academy Awards in Los Angeles through the eyes of Associated Press journalists. Follow them on Twitter where available with the handles listed after each item.


text:
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RE33 - Quartet of St. James Family Hymn Time
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Fox1008 - Radio City Music Hall. Christmas Organ and Chimes
Click to view Song Listing and other details. You will choose your shipping options at check-out. .
50-2051 - Radio Shack. Christmas with Santa and His Friends
DPL10842 - Avon. Stars of Christmas
Selected especially for Avon. Also available as MP3 download or CD at www.christmaslpstocd.com
51-7000 - Radio Shack. Fairytale Christmas. Realistic
PMC7211 - Radu, Dino Christmas Panflute
SL0226 - Raffi's Christmas Album. A Collection of Christmas Songs for Children
XM905 - Raleigh, Don. Christmas At Home. Orchestra. Peter Manford at the organ
CAS994 - Ralston, Bob. Christmas Hymns and Carols. Organ with Chimes and Chorus
Also available as MP3 download or cd on our companion site www.christmaslpstocd.com
WL5100 - Randolph Singers. Christmas Carols. David Randolph
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text:
Carcharhinus plumbeus
|Scope: Global
Language: English
|Scientific Name:
|Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827)
|Regional Assessments:
Common Name(s):
Carcharhinus japonicus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850)
Carcharhinus milberti (Müller & Henle, 1839)
Carcharias japonicus Temminck & Schlegel, 1850
Carcharias latistomus (Fang & Wang, 1932)
Carcharias ceruleus DeKay, 1842
Carcharias milberti Müller & Henle, 1839
Carcharias obtusirostris Moreau, 1881
Carcharias stevensi Ogilby, 1911
Carcharinus latistomus Fang & Wang, 1932
Eulamia milberti (Müller & Henle, 1839)
Galeolamna dorsalis Whitley, 1944
Galeolamna stevensi (Ogilby, 1911)
Lamna caudata DeKay, 1842
Squalus plumbeus Nardo, 1827
Squalus caecchia Nardo, 1847
|Taxonomic Source(s):
|Compagno, L.J.V. 1973. Carcharhinidae. In: J.-C. Hureau and T. Monod (eds), Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). Volume 1, pp. 23-31. Unesco, Paris.
|Red List Category & Criteria:
|Vulnerable A2bd+4bd ver 3.1
|Year Published:
|Date Assessed:
Needs updating
|Musick, J.A., Stevens, J.D., Baum, J.K., Bradai, M., Clò, S., Fergusson, I., Grubbs, R.D., Soldo, A., Vacchi, M. & Vooren, C.M.
|Dudley, S.D., Pollard, D., Kyne, P.M., Cavanagh, R.D., Valenti, S.V. & Soldo, A. (Shark Red List Authority)
This large coastal species is widespread in subtropical and warm temperate waters around the world. Tagging, age and growth studies show that Sandbar Sharks are long-lived, with low fecundity and are consequently very vulnerable to over-fishing. This species is an important component of shark fisheries in most areas where it occurs and has been overfished in the northwest and western central Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Population declines are suspected to have occurred off southern Brazil and in the northeast Pacific. Off Australia, biomass has also decreased to ~35% of pre-fishery levels as a result of fishing off Western Australia, although management is in place to prevent further declines there. In Hawaiian waters, the species is common and not fished. Given the high intrinsic vulnerability of this species to depletion, significant declines estimated and suspected in several areas of its range and inferred declines in highly fished areas from which data are not available, C. plumbeus is assessed as Vulnerable globally.
Both coastal and pelagic waters of the Mediterranean Sea have been intensively exploited for many decades. Catches of this species have declined significantly along the Levantine coasts. Sandbar Sharks were previously regularly seen on fish markets of southern Sicily but have not been observed on the same markets in recent years. While the Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia, and an area off Turkey appear to be important nursery grounds for this species, recent records of the species in the Mediterranean outside these areas appear to be rare and there are no recent records of gravid females outside these areas. Given that this region is subject to high levels of continuing fishing pressure, the high biological vulnerability of this species, evidence for declines in the Mediterranean and declines inferred from other areas where it is heavily fished, C. plumbeus is assessed as Endangered in the Mediterranean Sea, which unlike the US and Australian stocks is not subject to management.
Southwest Atlantic
This species is taken as both a target and bycatch of coastal and pelagic fisheries in this region. Off southern Brazil, intensive fishing by pair trawl, gillnet and beach seine on pupping and nursery grounds is thought to have caused excessively high juvenile mortality. Fishing with these gears has been intense in this species' habitat during the last 20 years. Records of typical beach seine catches in the early 1980s indicate that 20 individuals could be taken in a single haul. Conversely, no catches of the species were observed during shore fishery monitoring in summer 2003, but neonates of C. plumbeus were common during monitoring of a coastal fishing at depths of 18-60 m between Tramandaí and Saint Simão in summer 2005. Adults of this species are also caught by domestic and international pelagic fisheries operating off the Atlantic coast of South America. This species is taken, along with other Carcharhinids in these fisheries. Tuna and swordfish longline fisheries now also target sharks due to increasing demand for shark products and the value of their fins.
Northwest Atlantic
Sandbar Shark is taken in recreational and commercial fisheries along the south Atlantic coast of the USA and in the Gulf of Mexico, which have expanded rapidly during the last >20 years. Sandbar shark stocks were reduced by 85-90% in just 10 years because of over-exploitation and only continued to support a fishery because of the very large size of the original stock. Adult females became very uncommon and the average size of individuals has declined by ~70% of the average size in 1975. Although management was introduced in 1993 and the biomass of the species was reported to have increased by 2002, a recent assessment estimated that the stock is still only 35-47% of virgin biomass and 26-43% of virgin mature abundance in numbers. Newly available analyses of survey data also estimate significant declines (of between 84% and 97% over time periods of 13-41 years). Sandbar Shark is listed as a prohibited species on the US Fishery Management plan for Atlantic sharks. All this considered, the Night Shark is assessed as Vulnerable globally based on significant population declines throughout its northwest and western central Atlantic range due to target and bycatch exploitation by fisheries, which although now managed in US waters, is not the case elsewhere in the region.
Sandbar Sharks are an important component of the Western Australian shark fishery. Current total biomass is probably at about 35% of its level prior to the start of full-time northern shark fishing. Current management arrangements in the fishery should arrest any further declines in stock biomass, but continued monitoring and assessment will be essential to monitor the stock, and the effectiveness of these measures. All this considered, the species is assessed as Near Threatened throughout Australian waters, close to meeting the criteria for Vulnerable A1bd. Continued monitoring and regular reassessment is recommended.
The species is common and not fished in Hawaiian waters, where the population is presumed stable and therefore assessed as Least Concern.
Northwest Pacific
This species is a known catch of longline, trawl and set net fisheries, likely operating throughout large areas of its range in this region. Japanese catch data on sandbar sharks are limited, but reported landings in Japan's coastal ports show a sharp decline since 1992, from 126 mt per annum at that time, to 91 mt in 1995, 21 mt in 2000 and 3 mt in 2004. No CPUE data are available, however catches and the average size of individuals off Taiwan, Province of China, have also declined. Given this, the species' limiting life-history characteristics, the declining trends estimated elsewhere and continuing, unregulated fishing pressure in this region, an assessment of at least Near Threatened is considered appropriate. Further research on the species' status in this region is required due to concern that it may meet the criteria for Vulnerable A2d.
|Previously published Red List assessments:
|Range Description:
|This species occurs world-wide in tropical and warm temperate waters.
Western Atlantic: USA from Gulf of Maine, Massachusetts to Yucatan, Mexico, Cuba and Bahamas; possibly to Belize, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama, Columbia, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela; southern population extending from southern Brazil to northern Argentina (Compagno in prep).
Eastern Atlantic: Portugal, possibly Canary Islands, Spain, Morocco, Senegal, Cape Verde Islands, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Benin, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Zaire, Sao Tome and Principe (Compagno in prep).
Mediterranean Sea: Corsica, Egypt, Greece, Israel, Italy, Croatia, Slovenia, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Spain, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey (Compagno in prep.).
Western Indian Ocean: South Africa, Madagascar, Mozambique, Tanzania, Mauritius, Seychelles, Red Sea, Gulf of Oman (Compagno in prep).
Western Pacific: Viet Nam, China (including Taiwan Province), Japan, Indonesia (Aru Island), Australia (Queensland, New South Wales), New Caledonia (Compagno in prep).
Eastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia and the Northern Territory (Compagno in prep).
Also common in the Hawaiian Islands in the Central Pacific (Compagno in prep). Records from Galapagos and Revillagigedo Islands are probably spurious.
|Countries occurrence:
Native:Argentina; Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia); Bahamas; Benin; Brazil; Cameroon; Cape Verde; China; Colombia; Congo; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cuba; Egypt; Equatorial Guinea; Eritrea; Gabon; Ghana; Greece; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Honduras; Indonesia; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Israel; Italy; Japan; Lebanon; Liberia; Libya; Madagascar; Malta; Mauritius; Morocco; Mozambique; New Caledonia; Nigeria; Oman; Panama; Portugal; Sao Tomé and Principe; Senegal; Seychelles; Slovenia; South Africa; Spain (Canary Is.); Sudan; Syrian Arab Republic; Taiwan, Province of China; Tanzania, United Republic of; Togo; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Turkey; United States (Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia); Uruguay; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Viet Nam
|FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Atlantic – northeast; Atlantic – eastern central; Atlantic – southwest; Atlantic – southeast; Atlantic – northwest; Atlantic – western central; Indian Ocean – eastern; Indian Ocean – western; Mediterranean and Black Sea; Pacific – western central; Pacific – eastern central; Pacific – northwest; Pacific – southwest; Pacific – southeast
|Additional data:
|Range Map:
|Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
|Current Population Trend:
|Additional data:
|Habitat and Ecology:
|The below is mainly taken from Musick (2005), with some information updated.
Carcharhinus plumbeus is a coastal shark, often in shallow waters associated with sandy or muddy flats, bays, estuaries and harbours commonly down to salinities of 20 ppt in some populations (Grubbs et al. 2007a) and also further offshore, particularly on banks, near islands, flat reefs and other topographic features in open waters (Compagno in prep.). This species occurs from the surfline down to 280 m (Compagno in prep.), but typically in waters less than 100 m where it frequently forages near the seabed. In the Mediterranean it is caught down to 200 m (caught at this depth on the bottom in Sicilian waters by trawlers) (Compagno in prep.). Juveniles tend to occur in offshore temperate waters, while larger sharks mainly occur in tropical waters (McAuley et al. 2005).
This species is viviparous with a yolk sac placenta. Gestation has been estimated at 9-12 months in the Northwest and Western Central Atlantic (Springer 1960, Colvocoresses and Musick 1989), 12 months off Brazil (Hazin et al. 2006), 11-12 months off South Africa (Bass et al. 1973, Cliff et al. 1988) and the East China Sea (Taniuchi 1971), 10-12 months off Taiwan (Province of China) (Joung and Chen 1995) and 12 months off Western Australia (McAuley et al. 2007). Females apparently have young only every two or three years. Joung and Chen (1995) noted that about 50% of mature females are pregnant off Taiwan (Province of China), and Cliff et al. (1988) reported the same off KwaZulu-Natal. Conversely Springer (1960) noted that only 17-27% of mature females captured off Florida were pregnant. However, most of the mature females examined in the mid-Atlantic Bight of the US in summer are pregnant or recently have born young (Colvocoresses and Musick 1989). Therefore, the pregnancy rate in the Northwest Atlantic may be near 50%, but it is difficult to obtain a synoptic sample of the entire population of mature females because of their wide geographic distribution and seasonal movements. McAuley et al. (2007) report biennial reproductive periodicity off Western Australia with mating occurring during summer and autumn.
In general, size at maturity, maximum size and litter size decrease from the western Atlantic (Sminkey and Musick 1996) to the western Indian Ocean (Bass et al. 1973, Baranes and Wendling 1981), to Taiwan (Joung and Chen 1995) and Australia (Last and Stevens 1994), to the east China Sea (Taniuchi 1971) to Hawaii (Wass 1973). Size at maturity in females ranges from 129-158 cm total length (TL) and from 123-156 cm TL in males, as summarized by McAuley et al. (2007). Litter size is variable and depends in part on the size of the mother. In the Northwest and Western Central Atlantic litter size averages 8.4-9.3 (range = 1-14). However, in Hawaii mean litter size is only 5.5 (range = 1-8) (Tester 1969). In Western Australia litter size varies from 4-10 with a mean of 6.5 (McAuley et al. 2007). Within a given geographic area litter size is only very weakly correlated with the size of the mother (Cliff et al. 1988, Colvocoresses and Musick 1989, Hoff 1990, Joung and Chen 1995, McAuley et al. 2005).
Size at birth varies slightly by region but does not follow the same geographic pattern. New born pups range from 40-53 cm TL. In the Gulf of Gabes, Mediterranean Sea, Capapé (1984) reported size at birth at 58-65 cm TL. Size at birth in Western Australia is 40-45 cm FL. And 60% of the embryos were female (McAuley et al. 2007).
Sandbar Sharks are slow-growing K-selected species (Hoff 1990, Sminkey and Musick 1995). Although growth and age at maturity may be accelerated under captive conditions (Wass 1973), wild populations grow very slowly and mature at a relatively late age. In the western Atlantic the von Bertalanffy growth coefficient, k, has been estimated to be very low (0.039-0.089) in validated studies using annuli on vertebral centra (Lawler 1976, Casey et al. 1985, Sminkey and Musick 1995). Maturity in these studies was estimated at 13-16 years. However, in another study based on growth rates calculated from tag/recapture data, growth was considerably slower and age at maturity was estimated to be 29 years (Casey and Natanson 1992). Considerable debate has arisen concerning the discrepancy between the two methods including the small tag/recapture sample size and the possible effects of tagging on growth rates (Sminkey 1994). A recent study of age and growth off Taiwan (Joung et al. 2004) based on caudal vertebrae for which the annual nature of growth bands have not been validated is suspect. Romine et al. (2006) recently defined age and growth of sandbar sharks in Hawaii where the population grow faster (k male = 0.12; k female = 0.10) and mature at an earlier age (males at 8 and females at 10 years of age, respectively) than populations in other areas. This study contradicts earlier very rapid growth estimates in captive sandbars (Wass 1973). In Western Australia, the annual periodicity of growth band formation was validated using vertebrae from tagged sharks, which were injected with oxytetracycline and were at liberty for up to 8.1 years. The oldest female was estimated to be 25 years of age and the oldest male was 19 years. The ages at which 50% of female and male sharks were mature was estimated to be 16.2 and 13.8 years, respectively (McAuley et al. 2006). Validated age at maturity estimates are available from McAuley et al. (2006): females reach 50% maturity at 16.2 years of age and males at 13.8 years of age.
Recent publications suggest that for sandbar sharks the annual population increase rate can vary from 2.5% to 11.9% (Sminkey 1994, Sminkey and Musick 1996). These low rates of intrinsic increase are probably close to the real situation and reflect the K-selected life history parameters typical of virtually all large sharks. In Western Australia the stock was estimated to have a potential rate of population growth of 2.5% per year, in the absence of fishing (McAuley et al. 2005). The estimated generation and population doubling times of approximately 23 years, indicated a lengthy recovery period for the stock should it be reduced to lower than acceptable levels (McAuley et al. 2005). Regardless, Sandbar Sharks grow slowly and mature late. Longevity is 35-41 years (Musick 2005, McAuley et al. 2006).
Diet: This shark mainly feeds on small bottom fishes, as well as molluscs and crustaceans. Compagno (2001) reports that this species' diet includes sardines, shad, menhaden, anchovies, sea catfishes, moray and snake eels, pipefish, barracuda, mullets, goatfishes, hairtails, spanish mackeral, bonito, mackeral, jacks, groupers, croakers, grunts, porgies, flounders and soles, sea robins, toadfish, cusk eels, porcupine fish, sharpnose sharks (Rhizoprionodon), spiny dogfish (Squalus), bonnethead sharks, guitarfish, skates, stingrays, cow-nosed rays, squid, cuttlefish, octopi, bivalves and conchs, amphipods, shrimp and crabs. Neonates may consume mostly crabs and other large crustaceans and then eat more fishes as they get older (Ellis and Musick 2007). The species does not consume garbage and mammalian carrion as a rule, unlike some other members of its genus.
|Major Threat(s):
Carcharhinus plumbeus is a significant component of coastal shark fisheries worldwide (Bass et al. 1973, Compagno 1984b, Last and Stevens 1994, Branstetter and Burgess 1995, Joung and Chen 1995, McAuley et al. 2005). This species is caught with longlines, hook-and-line, and set bottom nets and is also fished with rod and reel by sports anglers as a game fish (Compagno in prep.). Sandbar sharks were found to represent at least 2-3% of the fins auctioned in Hong Kong, the world's largest shark fin trading center (Clarke et al. 2006a). Their fins are generally considered to be of high value, comparable to dusky shark and hammerhead fins (S. Clarke unpubl. Data). Tagging, age and growth studies show that sandbar sharks are a long-lived species with low fecundity and are very vulnerable to over-fishing (Springer 1960, Casey et al. 1985, Sminkey and Musick 1995, 1996; McAuley et al. 2005, 2006). It is an important component of shark fisheries in most areas where it occurs and has been severely overfished in the Northwest and Western Central Atlantic, Mediterranean, Southern Brazil and probably the Northeast Pacific. It has declined from fishing off western Australia and is common but not fished in Hawaiian waters (Romine et al. 2006).
Northwest Atlantic
Along the Atlantic coast of the US, Branstetter and Burgess (1995) reported that this species contributed up to 60% of the catch and 80% of the landings in the directed longline fishery. In addition, the sandbar shark is second only to the blue shark Prionace glauca (a pelagic species) in the US Atlantic recreational shark fishery (Hoff and Musick 1990). During the last 20 years the recreational and commercial fisheries for sharks along the south Atlantic coast of the US and in the Gulf of Mexico have expanded at rapid rates (Anderson 1985, 1990; Casey and Hoey 1985, Hoff and Musick 1990). Recreational catch has been estimated at 2.5 million sharks (c.35,000 t) annually; 20-40% of these are killed (National Marine Fisheries Service 1993). Driven by increased marketability, the commercial fishery has rapidly expanded since 1985, with landings exceeding 7,100 t in 1989 (National Marine Fisheries Service 1993). In the Northwest and Western Central Atlantic sandbar shark stocks were reduced by 85-90% in just 10 years because of over-exploitation. This species continued to support a substantial fishery after such a severe population decline only because of the very large size of the original stock. In addition, the age structure of the population has been shifted dramatically toward younger age classes. Adult females became very uncommon (Musick et al. 1993). Furthermore, the average size of sandbar sharks off Virginia in 2005 had declined to 32% of the size in 1975 (Ha 2006). A Fishery Management Plan was introduced in 1993, on which C. plumbeus is managed as a coastal species. Several states (Virginia, North Carolina, Texas and Florida) also enacted laws to regulate shark fishing in their respective regions (14% of commercial and 64% of recreational catches occur in state controlled waters). Although biomass of the species was reported to have increased by 2002 (Cortes et al. 2002), a recent assessment estimated that the stock is still only 35-47% of virgin biomass and 26-43% of virgin mature abundance in numbers (SEDAR 2006). Further evidence of decline comes from newly available analyses of survey data: A shark-targeted longline research survey from the University of North Carolina, conducted annually between 1972 and 2003 off Cape Lookout has caught 310 sandbar sharks. The standardized CPUE time series for this survey indicates significant declines for sandbar shark amounting to an 86% decline, with no recovery in the latter years of the survey (Myers et al. in prep). A second shark-targeted longline survey conducted in South Carolina in 1983-84 and 1993-1995 shows large significant declines in sandbars, amounting to a 97% decline just over this 13 year time period (Myers et al. in prep). Finally, a trawl survey conducted in Delaware Bay by the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control between 1964 and 2004 shows a significant decline rate, that over this 41 year time period amounts to an 84% decline (Myers et al. in prep).
Southwest Atlantic
Intensive fishing by pair trawl, gillnet and beach seine on pupping and nursery grounds is thought to have caused excessively high juvenile mortality to the point of threatening the population of the species in southern Brazil. Fishing with these gears has been intense in this species' habitat during the last 20 years. The company SOPESCA in Rio Grande recorded receipt of 10t of C. plumbeus on 11 February 1983. A record of a typical beach seine catch on 23 February 1983 indicates that 20 individuals of C. plumbeus were caught within a single haul, with seven specimens smaller than 80cm TL (Vooren et al. 2005). No catches of the species were observed during shore fishery monitoring in summer 2003, but neonates of C. plumbeus were common during monitoring of a coastal fishing at depths of 18-60m between Tramandaí and Saint Simão in summer 2005. Neonates of C. brevipinna, C. falciformis and C. signatus were also observed in this area, as well as adults of Carcharias taurus, which is Critically Endangered in this region (Vooren et al. 2005). Carcharhinus plumbeus is also caught off Uruguay and northern Argentina (A. Domingo pers. comm.).
Adults of this species are also caught by pelagic fisheries operating off the Atlantic coast of South America. A number of countries operate longline fleets targeting tuna and swordfish in the high seas areas of the Southwest Atlantic region. In addition to the coastal nations of the Southwest Atlantic, nations including Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Spain, Bolivia, Cape Verde, United Kingdom, China and Barbados also operate vessels here. However, with the exception of Taiwan, (and during certain periods of the year, Korea and Spain), the effort of these fleets is minor compared with other areas of the Atlantic (Bonfil 1994). This species is taken, along with other Carcharhinids in these fisheries (Fowler et al. 2005). Tuna and swordfish longline fisheries now also target sharks due to increasing demand for shark products and the value of their fins (Bonfil et al. 2005, Mejuto et al. 2006).
Mediterranean Sea
Carcharhinus plumbeus is caught with surface and bottom longlines, gillnets and occasionally trawls in the Mediterranean Sea, including in the Sicilian Channel, off Tunisia, Libya and Egypt, Spain, Morocco and Algeria and infrequently elsewhere. There are also anecdotal reports of bycatch of this species in fixed tuna traps (Tonnara) in Sicily. Both coastal and pelagic fishing pressure is high throughout much of the Mediterranean Sea.
This species was common until the 1980s along all the Levantine coasts (Saad et al. 2004), where it was the most dominant species in shark catches (>85%) (Baranes and Ben Tuvia 1978). The sandbar shark C. plumbeus is still the most important shark species captured in this area, however, there has been a significant decline in captures (M. Bradai pers. obs. 2008).
The Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia, and an area off Turkey appear to be important nursery grounds for this species (Capapé 1984, Saidi et al. 2005; Bradai et al. 2006, STECF 2003). There are no recent records of gravid females of this species in the Mediterranean outside of these areas. Constantini and Affronte (2003) report that the northern Adriatic Sea may also be an important nursery area for the species, based on six neonatal sandbar sharks captured with gillnets in this area between 1998 and 2000. The last record of a pregnant female sandbar shark from this area was recorded in 1982 (Constantini and Affronte 2003, Travaglini 1982).
This species was previously regularly seen on fish markets of southern Sicily during the summer months but has not been observed on the same markets in recent years (F. Cigala-Fulgosi and M. Vacchi pers. obs. 2003). A similar situation is apparent in the eastern Adriatic sea (Lipej et al. 2000, A. Soldo pers comm.) and therefore recent publications have described C. plumbeus as an endangered species in the Adriatic Sea (Lipej et al. 2004). However, in Tunisia, the species is regularly landed and observed in fish markets (Bradai et al. 2006).
In the Gulf of Gabès, juvenile C. plumbeus are caught with longlines and trawls and adult females are targeted using specially-designed gillnets (locally known as "kallabia" from "kalb' bhar" (literally sea dog) which means shark in Arabic) during spring and early summer, when they move inshore to pup (Saidi et al. 2005, Bradai et al. 2006). Given the high biological vulnerability of this species to exploitation, the declines observed in other areas of its range where it is taken as a target and bycatch and continuing, unregulated fishing pressure in this area, it is strongly suspected that this stock will also decline.
The species is a known bycatch of pelagic fisheries operating within Mediterranean waters (STECF 2003), but recent records appear to be very rare. While, in the Gulf of Gabès, juvenile C. plumbeus represent a major component in total capture of the pelagic fisheries targeting swordfish (Bradai et al. 2006). In a study of incidental catch of pelagic sharks from the swordfish and tuna fisheries operating throughout the Mediterranean Sea from 1998-2000, only two specimens of C. plumbeus were recorded in one area (the Straits of Sicily) (Megalofonou et al. 2005). Although blue shark, shortfin mako and thresher sharks make up the bulk of shark catch in the Moroccan pelagic driftnet fisheries in the eastern Mediterranean, Carcharhinid species are also known to be taken and landed by this fleet on an occasional basis. Some boats are known to deploy their nets near to the coast (1-2 miles from the shore) to target pelagic sharks (Tudela et al. 2005). Important catches of Carcharhinids such as C. plumbeus are also made in the pelagic longline fishery operating from ports in eastern Algeria (Walker et al. 2005).
Habitat degradation of this species' coastal nursery areas through coastal development and pollution also poses an important threat.
Northwest and Western Central Pacific
This species is a known catch of longline, trawl and set net fisheries operating throughout large areas of this region. It is a known catch of shark longline and tuna gillnet fisheries operating off Indonesia (White et al. 2006). Japanese data on sandbar sharks are limited, but reported landings in Japan's coastal ports show a sharp decline during the period since 1992. At that time landings totaled 126 mt per annum, but this amount decreased to 91 mt in 1995, 21 mt in 2000 and 3 mt in 2004. No CPUE trends are available (Japan Fisheries Agency 2006). In Taiwan, Province of China, catches and sizes have decreased during recent years, particularly in north east waters (Chen et al. 1996).
Sandbar sharks are an important component of the Western Australian shark fishery. Current total biomass is probably at about 35% of its level prior to the start of full-time northern shark fishing. Current management arrangements in the fishery should arrest any further declines in stock biomass, but continued monitoring and assessment will be essential to monitor the stock, and the effectiveness of these measures. See McAuley et al. (2005) for a summary of the fishery and stock status.
|Conservation Actions:
Precautionary adaptive collaborative management of target and bycatch fisheries is needed for this biologically vulnerable shark. It is also essential to improve data collection and develop stock assessments for this species. Family Carcharhinidae is listed as highly migratory under the 1995 UN Agreement on the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks (UNFSA). The Agreement specifically requires coastal and fishing States to cooperate and adopt measures to ensure the conservation of listed species. To date, there has been little progress (see United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea for further details). Also of relevance is the FAO International Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (IPOA-Sharks) which recommends that Regional Fisheries Organisations (RFOs) carry out regular shark population assessments and that member States cooperate on joint and regional shark management plans. This is of particular importance for species such as sandbar shark whose stocks are exploited by many States on the high seas. Steps are being taken by some RFOs, such as ICCAT, to collect species-specific data on pelagic sharks. To date two RFOs, ICCAT and IATTC, have adopted finning bans, as have several range states (e.g. Canada, USA, EU, Australia, Brazil etc.). More are likely to follow suit.
Canada and the USA have shark management plans (NMFS 1993, Joyce 1999). In US Atlantic waters Sandbar Sharks are a prohibited species (outside of the shark research fishery) on the Fishery Management Plan for Atlantic tunas, swordfish, and sharks. Prohibited species must be released immediately with minimum injury and without removing them from the water.
The species is under a comprehensive management plan in Western Australia (McAuley et al. 2005). Management of the Australian fishery is through input controls implemented as time-gear units. In 2006, the Western Australian Government introduced a number of changes in all commercial fisheries to reduce mortality, particularly dusky and sandbar shark, including: a maximum size limit for dusky shark; additional controls on the use of longline; and the conversion of monthly gear units to daily gear units (McLoughlin 2008, McAuley et al. 2005).
|Musick, J.A., Stevens, J.D., Baum, J.K., Bradai, M., Clò, S., Fergusson, I., Grubbs, R.D., Soldo, A., Vacchi, M. & Vooren, C.M. 2009. Carcharhinus plumbeus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2009: e.T3853A10130397. . Downloaded on 24 September 2018.
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I buy ASP-7's all the time for cheap. They look like simple industrial droids that do all the grunt work in the galaxy so I'm happy to have them in my collection. I probably have 150 of them around at this point.
Heh, you guys are harsh. Obviously some figures became bad due to newer improved sculpts and articulation. But we still bought those older ones when they came out and enjoyed them.
I'd have to take a serious look at all of the figures to come up with a top 10. There are some stinkers yes, but overall, I'd say Kenner/Hasbro has done a great job. Especially in improving the look and playability of figures.
While of course we have the right to post this kind of thread, I did cringe. It makes me feel as though if Hasbro were reading this, they would get pissed off at collectors and not cater to our needs so closely or ever again.
Like it or no, some of the bad figures did pave the way for newer and often much better figures to be made.
This isn't a "Hasbro sucks" thread thouh. And I'm sure Hasbro sees that. This is more of a "Look how Hasbro listened to us and improved things dramatically", thread, while still taking jabs and poking fun at the figures that were the bottom of the barrel to many of us.
Everything from 1995.
I'm combing through photo archives and here's one a lot of people seem to be forgetting: Droid Factory Flight R2-D2
Yeah, most things POTF2 would qualify, but I tend to think of them with some nostalgia at this point.
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