text:
Gary Philben, 53 - May 13, 2009
Gary Duane Philben of Ainsworth, 53, died Saturday, May 2, 2009, at his home.
Graveside memorial services were held on Thursday, May 7, at the Ainsworth Cemetery with the Rev. Gary Graesser officiating. Tributes were addressed by Ken Galas and Randy Voss.
Philben was born Jan. 27, 1956, to Duane and Marilyn (Hollingsworth) Philben. At the age of three, the family moved to Ainsworth where he lived the remainder of his life.
He graduated from Ainsworth High School in 1974, where he participated in football and basketball. He scored over 1,000 points in his high school career. In the summer months, he enjoyed playing Midget and Junior Legion baseball and, after schooling, played softball for many summers, according to family members.
?In March of 1984, Philben and his father began Philben Electric Motor Sales and Service, where he was self-employed for 25 years following his father's death.
?Philben was united in marriage to Gayla Richmond on Sept. 13, 2006, at Winner, SD.
?He was a nature lover, enjoyed the outdoors and took frequent drives around the countryside, said family members. Sports being important in his life, he was an avid Nebraska Husker fan and was also interested in his nephews' and nieces' activities and their accomplishments as well.
Survivors include: his wife, Gayla; his mother, Marilyn; sisters—Lori (Craig) Haake and Iree McNally (Dick Schipporeit); nieces—Jordyn Haake and Karlie McNally (Chad McCoy); nephews—Landen Haake and Jed (Melinda) McNally; great-nephew, Dylan McCoy; step-children—Dori Carson, Nadine (Mark) Prososki and Breah Anne (Kyle) Richmond; step-grandchildren—Brendon, Coy, Ayden, Konner and Kadince; brother-in-law, Nic Mailo; nieces—Lauren and Jairo Rodriquez; nephew, Michael Mailo; numerous other relatives.
A memorial has been established and suggested to the family.
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February 10th, 2013 at 6:16 PM ^
Oh BSG....you know when back when SciFi (cold day in hell before I refer it to that other name) actually aired original science fiction programming instead of WWE and TORNADOSHARKALLIGATOR d movies.
February 10th, 2013 at 6:18 PM ^
Which gets dvr'd?
February 10th, 2013 at 6:27 PM ^
Walking Dead re-airs at 11pm!
February 10th, 2013 at 6:28 PM ^
I'm sure B&C reairs right after too.
I'm torn. Could get an hour head start on BG, but since it's already aired on the web or whatever I feel like WD is more "current" for surprise happenings. Decision still TBD.
February 10th, 2013 at 6:34 PM ^
I guess you could always tape Talking Dead and deal with the hour gap.
Your DVR won't tape 2 things?!
February 10th, 2013 at 6:35 PM ^
You said, "tape"
February 10th, 2013 at 6:45 PM ^
I thought that when I wrote it and wondered if anyone would notice...
February 10th, 2013 at 6:35 PM ^
I don't watch any shows in real time anymore except for sports...i'd rather watch something on the dvr while the new show saves and then come back in an hour and watch this show. Why watch anything in real time?
February 10th, 2013 at 6:43 PM ^
To keep up with the Twitters!
Only half-joking. It's kinda cool to hit up Twitter after a big Dexter or Breaking Bad episode and see the reaction of people from around the country.
February 10th, 2013 at 7:33 PM ^
I watched so much dvr, I would try and ff commercials only to realize I was watching in real time.
February 10th, 2013 at 6:48 PM ^
Bears. Beats. Battlestar Galactica.
February 10th, 2013 at 6:50 PM ^
I watched this on YouTube a few weeks ago and it's a solid story with a solid acting. I am excited to see it in the big screen in HD and disappointed that it wasn't picked up as a series.
February 10th, 2013 at 7:03 PM ^
In the cyber-world of snark, thanks for posting something that you thought others would like. Appreicate it.
February 10th, 2013 at 7:26 PM ^
I will definitely DVR this. Just not sure when I'll get around to watching it. Already three episodes behind with Spartacus.
February 10th, 2013 at 7:55 PM ^
man, i am just getting into battlestar galactica. I am currently working my way through whats on netflix.
February 10th, 2013 at 8:33 PM ^
I starting watching on Netflix because of mentions on the board and flew through the series. I can't believe I wasn't somehow introduced to the series while it was airing.
February 10th, 2013 at 8:41 PM ^
This is fracking awful. Every cliche possible, BRIGHT LIGHTS, and music so loud you can't hear what the hell they are saying.
February 10th, 2013 at 11:09 PM ^
^This. They went to the JJ Abrams school of lighting and writing. I was very disappointed. It had more in common with the horrible last gasps of BSG than with the excellence of the first few seasons.
February 10th, 2013 at 9:56 PM ^
live overseas and I didn't know this - don't get the commercials, etc. In fact I didn't even know this was in the works. I will download immediately! Thanks OP.
February 11th, 2013 at 11:30 AM ^
With my avatar, you KNEW i had to register a comment.
I didn't see the Syfy broadcast, but saw the 10 websodes. Even posted a review of it when they were done.
Onto my review:
Its got the bells and whistles that put BSG over the top -- the action, the music, etc. But its got NONE of the stuff that made BSG what it was -- the characters. This Adama is 1% as interesting as Starbuck was, in her first two hours of the show. Plus, this moron actor admitted he didn't even WATCH any of BSG and intentionally tried NOT to be like EJO. HUH? You gotta be kidding me? The director LET him get away with that? So why even bother calling the guy Adama?
The characters were thin and obvious. The storyline had a couple good twists, but ultimately it made no sense -- they'd waste an entire battlestar, just to send up a fake upload they knew was meaningless? Its so stupid I don't know where to begin. Its like, the writers were saying, well we need something cool to happen, sooo....
And frankly, its now out of sequence. This wan't Adama's story in Flashback. And Number 6's voice shows up, totally out of line -- she was created by the Five, who don't appear to have shown up yet. AND, this gets me the most. The toasters, in Razor and Flashback, were cool because they were so junky -- you could beat one up with a crowbar, they sounded like toasters, etc. Low-end! But now, they suped them up and they look like, well, Centurions from BSG. Even more menacing, in a way. That is SO revisionist.
Just because you have CGI, does not mean you should use CGI.
I don't want this made into a TV show. Ugh. It will besmeech the reputation of BSG.
If they want to spin off something -- how about a modern-day story of what happened to the Redstripes, the remaining Centurions (not all would have fallen into the black hole), even the three angels we saw. You could easily pick up the storyline. OR, show us what happened to Cylon Earth -- who went to war there? Why? Why did they leave Kobol? Etc. So many things they could have done.. and they give us THIS drivel.
BSG = best show ever. B&C = fail.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Los Angeles Lakers won the battle for one of the last fussed-over free agents on Thursday, agreeing to terms with Orlando Magic free agent forward Matt Barnes on a two-year, $3.6 million deal. Barnes turned down more money from the Cleveland Cavaliers, who had offered a multi-year deal worth more than $3 million annually. The Celtics and Heat also had pursued Barnes, who finally found a team after a proposed sign-and-trade deal with the Toronto Raptors fell apart earlier in the week.
Barnes averaged 8.8 points and 5.5 rebounds in his one season in Orlando. (The Lakers will be Barnes's eighth NBA team.) But both Miami and Boston could only offer the veteran's minimum of $1.146 mllion for Barnes; the Heat used its remaining cap room to sign forward Mike Miller, and the Celtics used their mid-level exception on Jermaine O'Neal.
Meanwhile, the Lakers had about $1.8 million remaining after signing guard Steve Blake to a four-year, $16 million free agent deal. Blake replaced Jordan Farmar, who took a three-year deal in New Jersey. Barnes will likely back up Ron Artest next season, though league sources say Lakers Coach Phil Jackson wants less drama next season and could be looking to quiet things down in the locker room after Los Angeles' ride to a second straight championship.
Barnes drew attention with his confrontation with Kobe Bryant in a game last March and his subsequent accusation that Bryant threw numerous elbows without punishment and that he would not back down from challenging Bryant in the future. That assertion may have impressed Bryant -- who, a source says, pressed hard for the Lakers to get Barnes just as he had pushed them to sign former nemesis Raja Bell. Bell opted to return to the Utah Jazz with a three-year, $10 million deal earlier this month.
Barnes announced on his Twitter page Monday that he was going to the Raptors, and league sources said it was a two-year, $9 million deal. But either the league shot down the proposed mechanism for making the sign-and-trade work, the Magic or Raptors didn't interpret a cap rule correctly or Barnes simply jumped the gun. Whatever the reason, the deal fell apart Tuesday and Barnes was left with no place to make the money he supposedly was getting in Toronto, with his agent unable to find a suitable landing place.
All Orlando could offer Barnes, even to facilitate a sign-and-trade, was $1.92 million next year, due to his "non-Bird" status; he had only played one season with the Magic.
Yahoo! Sports first reported the deal between Barnes and the Lakers.
-- posted 7/22/10, 10:05 p.m.
Barnes to Lakers
Talk about anything general in the NBA here.
Moderators: Mr. Crackerz, JREED, Guybrush, 32
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http://www.nba.com/news/features/aldrid ... ef:nbahpt2
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tjsahi wrote:Barnes is also gud player, but not good for lakers, Because lakers already have so many players, who play better than him.
Not really ... Barnes > Vujacic. Barnes > Walton. he'll probably be the 8th or 9th guy but still, on a team that deep, he'll be getting at least 20 mins
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iamagm wrote:This is actually a good move by Mitch K. Ron Artest + Matt Barnes on the outside and Gasol + Bynum on the inside. I dare you to score.
All negated by Derek Fisher's inability to stay in front of his man.
iamagm wrote:This is actually a good move by Mitch K. Ron Artest + Matt Barnes on the outside and Gasol + Bynum on the inside. I dare you to score.
They are tough and with Artest and Barnes, won't take crap from anybody. That toughness might be the difference in a finals series against a team like Orlando or Miami
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I foresee league leaders in technical fouls, this is going to be a very dirty team, take notes warriors and rest of the NBA, they are the champs for a reason, basketball is not always a pretty sport.
warriorsstepup wrote:I foresee league leaders in technical fouls, this is going to be a very dirty team, take notes warriors and rest of the NBA, they are the champs for a reason, basketball is not always a pretty sport.
You have to be serious and want to win. That isn't always pretty and appealing but it is what it is. I credit champion teams like the Lakers for not going too far but doing what it takes and with Barnes, that will only increase, maybe sometimes going too far, but definately aiming to win


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Archives for October 11, 2012
At the end of their lives, stars glow hotter than ever!
Posted by Ethan on October 11, 2012
"A colour is a physical object as soon as we consider its dependence, for instance, upon its luminous source, upon other colours, upon temperatures, upon spaces, and so forth." –Ernst Mach Our Sun, like all Sun-like stars, will come to the end of its life someday. All the hydrogen fuel in its core will eventually…


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WASHINGTON – Democrats appeared to retain control of the Senate on Tuesday while Republicans will continue to rule the House of Representatives, after congressional elections that featured several high-profile races.
Democrats swept some of the most high-profile Senate contests, including the face-off between incumbent Republican Sen. Scott Brown and Democrat and consumer advocate Elizabeth Warren.
In Indiana, Democratic Rep. Joe Donnelly defeated Republican state Treasurer Richard Mourdock for the seat being vacated by Republican Sen. Richard Lugar.
Mourdock, a tea party favorite who defeated Lugar in the primary, slipped dramatically in the polls after he said that "even when life begins in that horrible situation of rape, that is something that God intended to happen."
Similarly, in Missouri, Democratic Sen. Claire McCaskill, long thought to be one of the most vulnerable incumbents, defeated Republican Rep. Todd Akin, who created a controversy this summer when he said that women rarely got pregnant in case of "legitimate rape." A lot of mainline Republican support deserted him as a result.
In Wisconsin, Democratic Rep. Tammy Baldwin bested popular Republican former Gov. Tommy Thompson, becoming the first openly gay member of the Senate. She won the seat being vacated by retiring Democratic Sen. Herb Kohl.
Democrats also retained Virginia's Senate seat, as Tim Kaine defeated Republican George Allen, a former senator, in the battle of former Virginia governors. Kaine will fill the seat of retiring Democratic Sen. Jim Webb.
In the House, television networks projected that Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, would continue to wield the speaker's gavel with a majority that might grow once the evening ends. The House results represent a bitter setback for Democrats, who'd hoped to at least make a dent in the Republican majority.
On the Senate side, Republican dreams of picking up four seats and becoming the majority party in that chamber seemed dashed as incumbent Democrats racked up early wins. Democrats held on to six seats early as Sens. Bill Nelson of Florida, Joe Manchin of West Virginia – a coal country lawmaker who often broke with President Barack Obama on environmental and regulatory issues – Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island, Thomas Carper of Delaware and Benjamin Cardin of Maryland won easily.
The sixth was a marquee match in New England, where Democratic Rep. Christopher Murphy defeated Republican challenger Linda McMahon, a former wrestling executive who spent more than $42 million of her own money on her campaign, for the open Connecticut Senate seat created by the retirement of independent Sen. Joe Lieberman, who caucused with the Democrats.
Two New England independents, incumbent Sen. Bernard Sanders of Vermont and Angus King of Maine, won their contests. Sanders, a fierce liberal, caucuses and often votes with the Democrats. King, who defeated Democratic challenger Cynthia Dill and Republican Charlie Summers for the seat vacated by moderate Republican Olympia Snowe, hasn't indicated which party he'll caucus with.
Among Republicans, Sen. Bob Corker of Tennessee handily won re-election. In Texas, tea party-powered Republican candidate Ted Cruz won the Senate seat opened by the retirement of Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison.
The mysteries of which party would control the Senate and whether Democrats would weaken the Republican majority in the House of Representatives became clearer as congressional results from across the country began rolling in.
While much of the public and news-media attention focused on the battle between President Barack Obama and Republican White House hopeful Mitt Romney, the undercard races for the Senate and House carried their own significance, and – in some contests – their own amount of drama.
Republicans were hoping to wrest control of the Senate from Democrats, who, along with two independents who vote mainly Democratic, control 53 of the chamber's 100 seats.
In the Massachusetts race, Brown was running for his first full term against Warren, a Harvard University professor who was Obama's choice to head the federal Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, before Senate Republicans blocked her nomination. Scott won a special election in 2010 to fill the late Sen. Edward Kennedy's seat.
The Brown-Warren race was one of the most-watched Senate races – and one of the most expensive. Brown and Warren agreed to refuse outside money from so-called super PACs – political action committees – or other third-party groups. Still, the two combined spent $68 million.
While Democrats and Republicans jousted for control of the Senate, there was no doubt that the latter would continue to wield the speaker's gavel in the House.
Republicans hold a 240-190 majority in the House; Democrats would need a net gain of 25 seats to recapture control. That was a tall order, largely because redistricting in several Republican-controlled states helped secure incumbents and created friendlier terrain for Republican challengers.
While control of the House wasn't expected to change, the chamber won't be the same after Tuesday. The combination of open seats and incumbent losses will bring in another huge freshman class, perhaps larger than the 93-member contingent in 2010. The House also might be more politically polarized next year with the exodus of some of its dwindling collection of moderates in both parties.
Some of the more high-profile House races included nine-term California Republican Rep. Dan Lungren's bid to beat back a serious challenge by Democrat Ami Bera for a Sacramento-area seat, a contest in which more than $6 million worth of outside money flowed in.
In Florida, Rep. Allen West, a tea party favorite and one of two black Republicans in the House, was fighting for a second term against Democratic challenger Patrick Murphy.
In Utah, Saratoga Springs Mayor Mia Love was looking to knock off incumbent Rep. Jim Matheson, a member of the House's conservative Blue Dog Democratic caucus, and make history: If she wins, she'll be the first black Republican female Mormon in the House.
Among the early House results, House Majority Leader Eric Cantor, R-Va., and Republican Rep. Hal Rogers of Kentucky, a 32-year veteran who chairs the House Appropriations Committee, cruised to re-election victories. In Kentucky, Republican challenger Andy Barr unseated incumbent Democratic Rep. Ben Chandler, a member of the fiscally conservative Democratic Blue Dog coalition.
The Blue Dogs were once a powerful 54-member moderate force in the House. But their membership was halved after defeats to Republican candidates in the 2010 elections. Blue Dog membership is expected to be down to the teens after Tuesday's results.
By William Douglas, McClatchy Newspapers
Democrats optimistic about keeping Senate; House likely to stay GOP-led
WASHINGTON – Democrats appeared to retain control of the Senate on Tuesday while Republicans will continue to rule the House of Representatives, after congressional elections that featured several high-profile races.


text:
Details about this Driver
|Download driver for: SONY VGN-P788K/N
|Supported System
|win 10(64bit), Windows 10 (32bit), Windows 8 (32bit), Win 8 (64bit), Win 8.1 (32bit), Windows 8.1 (64bit), Windows 7 (64bit), Windows 7 (32bit), Win Vista (64bit), Windows XP (64bit), Win Vista (32bit), Windows Server 2003 (32bit), Windows XP (32bit)
|File Size
|5973 kb
|VAIO Transfer Support Update driver for SONYVGN-P788K/N
This utility installs an updated version of the VAIO TransferSupport utility to resolve an issue where the application is unableto connect to another computer when the IP address includes a "0"(zero)
Efficient Method to Update Sony Drivers
There are numerous of frequent alerts as well as other messages which you may get in the driver updating procedure, several of which I've paraphrased and listed here along with tips on what to do:
QUESTION: My Vaio Duo Ultrabook (SVD11215CYB) has gone right into a login loop. It appears to be looking for a file that has either been corrupted or eliminated missing. Naturally, I can't shut it down with normal procedures and the "assist" button fails to interrupt the cycle. Will there be any way to shut this down without having just letting the battery run out?
When it is turned off, I might be able to reboot and troubleshoot.
- Power reset the computer. Using a safety pin, push and hold the hole for 5 seconds.
- Reset BIOS.
- Test the computer in Safe Mode.
- Restore the computer to the last known good configuration.
I really hope this helps.
Method to Update Driver with Device Manager
1. Find Control Panel.
Depending on your version of Windows, Control Panel is usually available from the Start Menu or the Apps screen.
Note: If you don't see these options, your Control Panel view may be set to Large icons, Small icons, or Classic View, depending on your version of Windows. If so, find and choose Device Manager from the big collection of icons you see and then skip to Step 3 below.
2. Open Device Manager
From the open Control Panel window, click System, choose the Hardware tab, and then click the Device Manager button.
3. With Device Manager now open, you can view a device's status, update the device drivers, or do whatever other hardware management you came here to do.
To update driver for SONY VGN-P788K/N using Windows Update.
You can check Windows Update any time to see if it's found updated drivers for your devices, especially if you recently installed a new device. Then, you can install the updated drivers. Here's how:
- Open Windows Update by clicking the Start button. In the search box, type Update, and then, in the list of results, click Windows Update.
- In the left pane, click Check for updates. If there are any available updates, click the links to see more information about each update. Windows Update tells you if an update is important, recommended, or optional. Each type of update might include drivers for SONY VGN-P788K/N.
- On the Select the updates you want to install page, look for updates for your SONY VGN-P788K/N, select the check box for each driver that you want to install, and then click OK. There might not be any available driver updates.
- On the Windows Update page, click Install updates. If you're prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type the password or provide confirmation. Windows Update will tell you if the updates were successfully installed.
Still can't Fix SONY VGN-P788K/N Driver Problem? Don't Give Up! Download & Try DriverTuner
1. Download DriverTuner and double click it to install
2. Scan your PC for outdated drivers. Select the drivers(here you should select SONY VGN-P788K/N) you want to update and click download
3. After the download process is finished, you should click SETUP to install them. That's it! Your driver for SONY VGN-P788K/N has been updated. Sometimes a reboot is required to let the changes take effect.
|Fix Driver Problems
|Driver Update Tool
Windows 10, 8, 7, Vista and XP


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Boylan out as Milwaukee Bucks coach
Jim Boylan will not return as coach of the Milwaukee Bucks.
The announcement Wednesday comes three days after the Bucks were swept out of their first playoff appearance in three years. General manager John Hammond said a search for a new coach will begin "immediately."
Boylan took over Jan. 8 after the Bucks and Scott Skiles parted ways. Though Milwaukee won its first two games under Boylan and eight of his first 11, the Bucks fell apart at the end of the season. They lost 12 of their last 16 games to finish with a losing record for a third straight year, and had to play the defending champion Miami Heat in the first round of the playoffs.
"This is a results-driven business. We did have an ending that we were all concerned with, and in the realm that Jim had to do the job, I think he did it, and I think he did the best of his ability. I would like to say that I'm not disappointed in the job that he did. I think it was a decision we had to make," Hammond said.
Boylan finishes with a 22-32 record. He has been coaching in the NBA since 1992.


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42 U.S. Code § 300j–12 - State revolving loan funds
prev | next
(a) General authority
(1) Grants to States to establish State loan funds
(A) In general
The Administrator shall offer to enter into agreements with eligible States to make capitalization grants, including letters of credit, to the States under this subsection to further the health protection objectives of this subchapter, promote the efficient use of fund resources, and for other purposes as are specified in this subchapter.
(B) Establishment of fund
To be eligible to receive a capitalization grant under this section, a State shall establish a drinking water treatment revolving loan fund (referred to in this section as a "State loan fund") and comply with the other requirements of this section. Each grant to a State under this section shall be deposited in the State loan fund established by the State, except as otherwise provided in this section and in other provisions of this subchapter. No funds authorized by other provisions of this subchapter to be used for other purposes specified in this subchapter shall be deposited in any State loan fund.
(C) Extended period
The grant to a State shall be available to the State for obligation during the fiscal year for which the funds are authorized and during the following fiscal year, except that grants made available from funds provided prior to fiscal year 1997 shall be available for obligation during each of the fiscal years 1997 and 1998.
(D) Allotment formula
Except as otherwise provided in this section, funds made available to carry out this section shall be allotted to States that have entered into an agreement pursuant to this section (other than the District of Columbia) in accordance with—
(i) for each of fiscal years 1995 through 1997, a formula that is the same as the formula used to distribute public water system supervision grant funds under section 300j–2 of this title in fiscal year 1995, except that the minimum proportionate share established in the formula shall be 1 percent of available funds and the formula shall be adjusted to include a minimum proportionate share for the State of Wyoming and the District of Columbia; and
(ii) for fiscal year 1998 and each subsequent fiscal year, a formula that allocates to each State the proportional share of the State needs identified in the most recent survey conducted pursuant to subsection (h) of this section, except that the minimum proportionate share provided to each State shall be the same as the minimum proportionate share provided under clause (i).
(E) Reallotment
The grants not obligated by the last day of the period for which the grants are available shall be reallotted according to the appropriate criteria set forth in subparagraph (D), except that the Administrator may reserve and allocate 10 percent of the remaining amount for financial assistance to Indian Tribes in addition to the amount allotted under subsection (i) of this section and none of the funds reallotted by the Administrator shall be reallotted to any State that has not obligated all sums allotted to the State pursuant to this section during the period in which the sums were available for obligation.
(F) Nonprimacy States
The State allotment for a State not exercising primary enforcement responsibility for public water systems shall not be deposited in any such fund but shall be allotted by the Administrator under this subparagraph. Pursuant to section 300j–2 (a)(9)(A) of this title such sums allotted under this subparagraph shall be reserved as needed by the Administrator to exercise primary enforcement responsibility under this subchapter in such State and the remainder shall be reallotted to States exercising primary enforcement responsibility for public water systems for deposit in such funds. Whenever the Administrator makes a final determination pursuant to section 300g–2 (b) of this title that the requirements of section 300g–2 (a) of this title are no longer being met by a State, additional grants for such State under this subchapter shall be immediately terminated by the Administrator. This subparagraph shall not apply to any State not exercising primary enforcement responsibility for public water systems as of August 6, 1996.
(G) Other programs
(i) New system capacity Beginning in fiscal year 1999, the Administrator shall withhold 20 percent of each capitalization grant made pursuant to this section to a State unless the State has met the requirements of section 300g–9 (a) of this title (relating to capacity development) and shall withhold 10 percent for fiscal year 2001, 15 percent for fiscal year 2002, and 20 percent for fiscal year 2003 if the State has not complied with the provisions of section 300g–9 (c) of this title (relating to capacity development strategies). Not more than a total of 20 percent of the capitalization grants made to a State in any fiscal year may be withheld under the preceding provisions of this clause. All funds withheld by the Administrator pursuant to this clause shall be reallotted by the Administrator on the basis of the same ratio as is applicable to funds allotted under subparagraph (D). None of the funds reallotted by the Administrator pursuant to this paragraph shall be allotted to a State unless the State has met the requirements of section 300g–9 of this title (relating to capacity development).
(ii) Operator certification The Administrator shall withhold 20 percent of each capitalization grant made pursuant to this section unless the State has met the requirements of 300g–8 [1] of this title (relating to operator certification). All funds withheld by the Administrator pursuant to this clause shall be reallotted by the Administrator on the basis of the same ratio as applicable to funds allotted under subparagraph (D). None of the funds reallotted by the Administrator pursuant to this paragraph shall be allotted to a State unless the State has met the requirements of section 300g–8 of this title (relating to operator certification).
(2) Use of funds
Except as otherwise authorized by this subchapter, amounts deposited in a State loan fund, including loan repayments and interest earned on such amounts, shall be used only for providing loans or loan guarantees, or as a source of reserve and security for leveraged loans, the proceeds of which are deposited in a State loan fund established under paragraph (1), or other financial assistance authorized under this section to community water systems and nonprofit noncommunity water systems, other than systems owned by Federal agencies. Financial assistance under this section may be used by a public water system only for expenditures (not including monitoring, operation, and maintenance expenditures) of a type or category which the Administrator has determined, through guidance, will facilitate compliance with national primary drinking water regulations applicable to the system under section 300g–1 of this title or otherwise significantly further the health protection objectives of this subchapter. The funds may also be used to provide loans to a system referred to in section 300f (4)(B) of this title for the purpose of providing the treatment described in section 300f (4)(B)(i)(III) of this title. The funds shall not be used for the acquisition of real property or interests therein, unless the acquisition is integral to a project authorized by this paragraph and the purchase is from a willing seller. Of the amount credited to any State loan fund established under this section in any fiscal year, 15 percent shall be available solely for providing loan assistance to public water systems which regularly serve fewer than 10,000 persons to the extent such funds can be obligated for eligible projects of public water systems.
(3) Limitation
(A) In general
Except as provided in subparagraph (B), no assistance under this section shall be provided to a public water system that—
(i) does not have the technical, managerial, and financial capability to ensure compliance with the requirements of this subchapter; or
(B) Restructuring
A public water system described in subparagraph (A) may receive assistance under this section if—
(ii) if subparagraph (A)(i) applies to the system, the owner or operator of the system agrees to undertake feasible and appropriate changes in operations (including ownership, management, accounting, rates, maintenance, consolidation, alternative water supply, or other procedures) if the State determines that the measures are necessary to ensure that the system has the technical, managerial, and financial capability to comply with the requirements of this subchapter over the long term.
(C) Review
Prior to providing assistance under this section to a public water system that is in significant noncompliance with any requirement of a national primary drinking water regulation or variance, the State shall conduct a review to determine whether subparagraph (A)(i) applies to the system.
(b) Intended use plans
(1) In general
After providing for public review and comment, each State that has entered into a capitalization agreement pursuant to this section shall annually prepare a plan that identifies the intended uses of the amounts available to the State loan fund of the State.
(2) Contents
An intended use plan shall include—
(A) a list of the projects to be assisted in the first fiscal year that begins after the date of the plan, including a description of the project, the expected terms of financial assistance, and the size of the community served;
(3) Use of funds
(A) In general
An intended use plan shall provide, to the maximum extent practicable, that priority for the use of funds be given to projects that—
(ii) are necessary to ensure compliance with the requirements of this subchapter (including requirements for filtration); and
(B) List of projects
Each State shall, after notice and opportunity for public comment, publish and periodically update a list of projects in the State that are eligible for assistance under this section, including the priority assigned to each project and, to the extent known, the expected funding schedule for each project.
(c) Fund management
Each State loan fund under this section shall be established, maintained, and credited with repayments and interest. The fund corpus shall be available in perpetuity for providing financial assistance under this section. To the extent amounts in the fund are not required for current obligation or expenditure, such amounts shall be invested in interest bearing obligations.
(d) Assistance for disadvantaged communities
(1) Loan subsidy
Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, in any case in which the State makes a loan pursuant to subsection (a)(2) of this section to a disadvantaged community or to a community that the State expects to become a disadvantaged community as the result of a proposed project, the State may provide additional subsidization (including forgiveness of principal).
(2) Total amount of subsidies
For each fiscal year, the total amount of loan subsidies made by a State pursuant to paragraph (1) may not exceed 30 percent of the amount of the capitalization grant received by the State for the year.
(3) "Disadvantaged community" defined
In this subsection, the term "disadvantaged community" means the service area of a public water system that meets affordability criteria established after public review and comment by the State in which the public water system is located. The Administrator may publish information to assist States in establishing affordability criteria.
(e) State contribution
Each agreement under subsection (a) of this section shall require that the State deposit in the State loan fund from State moneys an amount equal to at least 20 percent of the total amount of the grant to be made to the State on or before the date on which the grant payment is made to the State, except that a State shall not be required to deposit such amount into the fund prior to the date on which each grant payment is made for fiscal years 1994, 1995, 1996, and 1997 if the State deposits the State contribution amount into the State loan fund prior to September 30, 1999.
(f) Types of assistance
Except as otherwise limited by State law, the amounts deposited into a State loan fund under this section may be used only—
(1) to make loans, on the condition that—
(A) the interest rate for each loan is less than or equal to the market interest rate, including an interest free loan;
(B) principal and interest payments on each loan will commence not later than 1 year after completion of the project for which the loan was made, and each loan will be fully amortized not later than 20 years after the completion of the project, except that in the case of a disadvantaged community (as defined in subsection (d)(3) of this section), a State may provide an extended term for a loan, if the extended term—
(C) the recipient of each loan will establish a dedicated source of revenue (or, in the case of a privately owned system, demonstrate that there is adequate security) for the repayment of the loan; and
(2) to buy or refinance the debt obligation of a municipality or an intermunicipal or interstate agency within the State at an interest rate that is less than or equal to the market interest rate in any case in which a debt obligation is incurred after July 1, 1993;
(3) to guarantee, or purchase insurance for, a local obligation (all of the proceeds of which finance a project eligible for assistance under this section) if the guarantee or purchase would improve credit market access or reduce the interest rate applicable to the obligation;
(4) as a source of revenue or security for the payment of principal and interest on revenue or general obligation bonds issued by the State if the proceeds of the sale of the bonds will be deposited into the State loan fund; and
(g) Administration of State loan funds
(1) Combined financial administration
Notwithstanding subsection (c) of this section, a State may (as a convenience and to avoid unnecessary administrative costs) combine, in accordance with State law, the financial administration of a State loan fund established under this section with the financial administration of any other revolving fund established by the State if otherwise not prohibited by the law under which the State loan fund was established and if the Administrator determines that—
(A) the grants under this section, together with loan repayments and interest, will be separately accounted for and used solely for the purposes specified in subsection (a) of this section; and
(B) the authority to establish assistance priorities and carry out oversight and related activities (other than financial administration) with respect to assistance remains with the State agency having primary responsibility for administration of the State program under section 300g–2 of this title, after consultation with other appropriate State agencies (as determined by the State): Provided, That in nonprimacy States eligible to receive assistance under this section, the Governor shall determine which State agency will have authority to establish priorities for financial assistance from the State loan fund.
(2) Cost of administering fund
Each State may annually use up to 4 percent of the funds allotted to the State under this section to cover the reasonable costs of administration of the programs under this section, including the recovery of reasonable costs expended to establish a State loan fund which are incurred after August 6, 1996, and to provide technical assistance to public water systems within the State. For fiscal year 1995 and each fiscal year thereafter, each State may use up to an additional 10 percent of the funds allotted to the State under this section—
(C) to develop and implement a capacity development strategy under section 300g–9 (c) of this title; and
(D) for an operator certification program for purposes of meeting the requirements of section 300g–8 of this title,
if the State matches the expenditures with at least an equal amount of State funds. At least half of the match must be additional to the amount expended by the State for public water supervision in fiscal year 1993. An additional 2 percent of the funds annually allotted to each State under this section may be used by the State to provide technical assistance to public water systems serving 10,000 or fewer persons in the State. Funds utilized under subparagraph (B) shall not be used for enforcement actions.
(3) Guidance and regulations
The Administrator shall publish guidance and promulgate regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section, including—
(A) provisions to ensure that each State commits and expends funds allotted to the State under this section as efficiently as possible in accordance with this subchapter and applicable State laws;
(C) guidance to avoid the use of funds made available under this section to finance the expansion of any public water system in anticipation of future population growth.
The guidance and regulations shall also ensure that the States, and public water systems receiving assistance under this section, use accounting, audit, and fiscal procedures that conform to generally accepted accounting standards.
(4) State report
Each State administering a loan fund and assistance program under this subsection shall publish and submit to the Administrator a report every 2 years on its activities under this section, including the findings of the most recent audit of the fund and the entire State allotment. The Administrator shall periodically audit all State loan funds established by, and all other amounts allotted to, the States pursuant to this section in accordance with procedures established by the Comptroller General.
(h) Needs survey
The Administrator shall conduct an assessment of water system capital improvement needs of all eligible public water systems in the United States and submit a report to the Congress containing the results of the assessment within 180 days after August 6, 1996, and every 4 years thereafter.
(i) Indian Tribes
(1) In general
11/2 percent of the amounts appropriated annually to carry out this section may be used by the Administrator to make grants to Indian Tribes and Alaska Native villages that have not otherwise received either grants from the Administrator under this section or assistance from State loan funds established under this section. The grants may only be used for expenditures by tribes and villages for public water system expenditures referred to in subsection (a)(2) of this section.
(2) Use of funds
Funds reserved pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be used to address the most significant threats to public health associated with public water systems that serve Indian Tribes, as determined by the Administrator in consultation with the Director of the Indian Health Service and Indian Tribes.
(3) Alaska Native villages
In the case of a grant for a project under this subsection in an Alaska Native village, the Administrator is also authorized to make grants to the State of Alaska for the benefit of Native villages. An amount not to exceed 4 percent of the grant amount may be used by the State of Alaska for project management.
(4) Needs assessment
The Administrator, in consultation with the Director of the Indian Health Service and Indian Tribes, shall, in accordance with a schedule that is consistent with the needs surveys conducted pursuant to subsection (h) of this section, prepare surveys and assess the needs of drinking water treatment facilities to serve Indian Tribes, including an evaluation of the public water systems that pose the most significant threats to public health.
(j) Other areas
Of the funds annually available under this section for grants to States, the Administrator shall make allotments in accordance with section 300j–2 (a)(4) of this title for the Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, and Guam. The grants allotted as provided in this subsection may be provided by the Administrator to the governments of such areas, to public water systems in such areas, or to both, to be used for the public water system expenditures referred to in subsection (a)(2) of this section. The grants, and grants for the District of Columbia, shall not be deposited in State loan funds. The total allotment of grants under this section for all areas described in this subsection in any fiscal year shall not exceed 0.33 percent of the aggregate amount made available to carry out this section in that fiscal year.
(k) Other authorized activities
(1) In general
Notwithstanding subsection (a)(2) of this section, a State may take each of the following actions:
(A) Provide assistance, only in the form of a loan, to one or more of the following:
(i) Any public water system described in subsection (a)(2) of this section to acquire land or a conservation easement from a willing seller or grantor, if the purpose of the acquisition is to protect the source water of the system from contamination and to ensure compliance with national primary drinking water regulations.
(ii) Any community water system to implement local, voluntary source water protection measures to protect source water in areas delineated pursuant to section 300j–13 of this title, in order to facilitate compliance with national primary drinking water regulations applicable to the system under section 300g–1 of this title or otherwise significantly further the health protection objectives of this subchapter. Funds authorized under this clause may be used to fund only voluntary, incentive-based mechanisms.
(iii) Any community water system to provide funding in accordance with section 300j–14 (a)(1)(B)(i) of this title.
(B) Provide assistance, including technical and financial assistance, to any public water system as part of a capacity development strategy developed and implemented in accordance with section 300g–9 (c) of this title.
(C) Make expenditures from the capitalization grant of the State for fiscal years 1996 and 1997 to delineate and assess source water protection areas in accordance with section 300j–13 of this title, except that funds set aside for such expenditure shall be obligated within 4 fiscal years.
(D) Make expenditures from the fund for the establishment and implementation of wellhead protection programs under section 300h–7 of this title.
(2) Limitation
For each fiscal year, the total amount of assistance provided and expenditures made by a State under this subsection may not exceed 15 percent of the amount of the capitalization grant received by the State for that year and may not exceed 10 percent of that amount for any one of the following activities:
(B) To provide funding to implement voluntary, incentive-based source water quality protection measures pursuant to clauses (ii) and (iii) of paragraph (1)(A).
(D) To make expenditures to delineate or assess source water protection areas pursuant to paragraph (1)(C).
(l) Savings
The failure or inability of any public water system to receive funds under this section or any other loan or grant program, or any delay in obtaining the funds, shall not alter the obligation of the system to comply in a timely manner with all applicable drinking water standards and requirements of this subchapter.
(m) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out the purposes of this section $599,000,000 for the fiscal year 1994 and $1,000,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1995 through 2003. To the extent amounts authorized to be appropriated under this subsection in any fiscal year are not appropriated in that fiscal year, such amounts are authorized to be appropriated in a subsequent fiscal year (prior to the fiscal year 2004). Such sums shall remain available until expended.
(n) Health effects studies
From funds appropriated pursuant to this section for each fiscal year, the Administrator shall reserve $10,000,000 for health effects studies on drinking water contaminants authorized by the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996. In allocating funds made available under this subsection, the Administrator shall give priority to studies concerning the health effects of cryptosporidium (as authorized by section 300j–18 (c) of this title), disinfection byproducts (as authorized by section 300j–18 (c) of this title), and arsenic (as authorized by section 300g–1 (b)(12)(A) of this title), and the implementation of a plan for studies of subpopulations at greater risk of adverse effects (as authorized by section 300j–18 (a) of this title).
(o) Monitoring for unregulated contaminants
(p) Demonstration project for State of Virginia
Notwithstanding the other provisions of this section limiting the use of funds deposited in a State loan fund from any State allotment, the State of Virginia may, as a single demonstration and with the approval of the Virginia General Assembly and the Administrator, conduct a program to demonstrate alternative approaches to intergovernmental coordination to assist in the financing of new drinking water facilities in the following rural communities in southwestern Virginia where none exists on August 6, 1996, and where such communities are experiencing economic hardship: Lee County, Wise County, Scott County, Dickenson County, Russell County, Buchanan County, Tazewell County, and the city of Norton, Virginia. The funds allotted to that State and deposited in the State loan fund may be loaned to a regional endowment fund for the purpose set forth in this subsection under a plan to be approved by the Administrator. The plan may include an advisory group that includes representatives of such counties.
(q) Small system technical assistance
The Administrator may reserve up to 2 percent of the total funds appropriated pursuant to subsection (m) of this section for each of the fiscal years 1997 through 2003 to carry out the provisions of section 300j–1 (e) of this title (relating to technical assistance for small systems), except that the total amount of funds made available for such purpose in any fiscal year through appropriations (as authorized by section 300j–1 (e) of this title) and reservations made pursuant to this subsection shall not exceed the amount authorized by section 300j–1 (e) of this title.
(r) Evaluation
The Administrator shall conduct an evaluation of the effectiveness of the State loan funds through fiscal year 2001. The evaluation shall be submitted to the Congress at the same time as the President submits to the Congress, pursuant to section 1108 of title 31, an appropriations request for fiscal year 2003 relating to the budget of the Environmental Protection Agency.
[1] So in original. Probably should be preceded by "section".
Source(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title XIV, § 1452, as added Pub. L. 104–182, title I, § 130,Aug. 6, 1996, 110 Stat. 1662.)
References in Text
The Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996, referred to in subsec. (n), is Pub. L. 104–182, Aug. 6, 1996, 110 Stat. 1613. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1996 Amendment note set out under section 201 of this title and Tables.
Combining Fund Assets for Enhancement of Lending Capacity
Pub. L. 105–276, title III, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2498, provided in part: "That, consistent with section 1452(g) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12 (g)),section 302 of the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996 (Public Law 104–182) [set out as a note below] and the accompanying joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference (H. Rept. No. 104–741 to accompany S. 1316, the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996), and notwithstanding any other provision of law, beginning in fiscal year 1999 and thereafter, States may combine the assets of State Revolving Funds (SRFs) established under section 1452 of the Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended, and title VI of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act [33 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.], as amended, as security for bond issues to enhance the lending capacity of one or both SRFs, but not to acquire the state match for either program, provided that revenues from the bonds are allocated to the purposes of the Safe Drinking Water Act [42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.] and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act [33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.] in the same portion as the funds are used as security for the bonds".
Transfer of Funds
Pub. L. 112–74, div. E, title II, Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 1018, provided in part: "That for fiscal year 2012 and hereafter, the Administrator may transfer funds provided for tribal set-asides through funds appropriated for the Clean Water State Revolving Funds and for the Drinking Water State Revolving Funds between those accounts in such manner as the Administrator deems appropriate, but not to exceed the transfer limits given to States under section 302(a) ofPublic Law 104–182 [set out below]."
Pub. L. 109–54, title II, Aug. 2, 2005, 119 Stat. 530, provided in part: "That for fiscal year 2006 and thereafter, State authority under section 302(a) ofPublic Law 104–182 [set out as a note below] shall remain in effect".
Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:
Pub. L. 108–447, div. I, title III, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3330.
Pub. L. 108–199, div. G, title III, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 406.
Pub. L. 108–7, div. K, title III, Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 512.
Pub. L. 107–73, title III, Nov. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 685.
Pub. L. 104–182, title III, § 302,Aug. 6, 1996, 110 Stat. 1683, provided that:
"(a) In General.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, at any time after the date 1 year after a State establishes a State loan fund pursuant to section 1452 of the Safe Drinking Water Act [42 U.S.C. 300j–12] but prior to fiscal year 2002, a Governor of the State may—
"(1) reserve up to 33 percent of a capitalization grant made pursuant to such section 1452 and add the funds reserved to any funds provided to the State pursuant to section 601 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1381); and
"(2) reserve in any year a dollar amount up to the dollar amount that may be reserved under paragraph (1) for that year from capitalization grants made pursuant to section 601 of such Act (33 U.S.C. 1381) and add the reserved funds to any funds provided to the State pursuant to section 1452 of the Safe Drinking Water Act.
"(b) Report.—Not later than 4 years after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 6, 1996], the Administrator shall submit a report to the Congress regarding the implementation of this section, together with the Administrator's recommendations, if any, for modifications or improvement.
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text:
The legendary Cicely Tyson!
The Tonys happened last night and some of the night belonged to Terrence Mann's majestic Gandalf mane and the rest of the night belonged to Cicely Tyson. Cicely Tyson did everything perfect. That wig looks like it was laid on her head by the hands of several Gods and that dress looks like the aftermath of a fight between an army of 80s satin prom dresses and an army of satin princess bedspreads. Glamour IS looking like a satin ruffle serpent is swallowing you whole. All the ruffles were on Cicely Tyson last night. But the best thing that came out of Cicely Tyson last night was her speech.
Cicely won Best Leading Actress in a Play for her performance in The Trip to Bountiful and her acceptance speech was subtle drama from beginning to end. The words slowly dripped out of Cicely's mouth like molasses. She gave us dramatic pauses and pure poetry.
"'Please wrap it up' it says. Well, that's exactly what you did with me. You wrapped me up in your arms after 30 years and now I can go home with a Tony!"
Did Maya Angelou write her speech?
The producers of the Tonys announced that next week they're going to hold another Tony Awards where they'll honor Cicely Tyson for Best Costume in a Speech, Best Wig-Wearing in a Speech, Best Direction of a Speech, Best Production of a Speech, Best Writing of a Speech and Best Performance of a Speech. That was the best everything.
Here's Cicely posing with fellow Tony winners Billy Porter (for Best Leading Actor in a Musical for Kinky Boots) and Patina Miller (for Best Leading Actress in a Musical for Pippin).


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Spanking in school may seem like a relic of the past, but every day hundreds of students — from preschoolers to high school seniors — are still being paddled by teachers and principals.
In parts of America, getting spanked at school with a wooden or fiberglass board is just part of being a misbehaving student.
"I been getting them since about first grade," says Lucas Mixon, now a junior at Holmes County High School in Bonifay, Fla. "It's just regular. They tell you to put your hands up on the desk and how many swats you're going to get."
Florida is one of 19 states, mostly in the South and Mountain West, that still allow public schools to paddle, according to the Center for Effective Discipline. Most Florida school districts have opted out of using corporal punishment, but almost every county in the state's rural North has policies that allow schools to paddle students.
In 2011, Democratic state Rep. Ari Porth sponsored a bill to ban school corporal punishment statewide. He says where students live should not determine whether they get spanked at school.
"When I heard that this practice still exists, I was mortified," Porth says. "No child should not feel completely safe when they go to school."
But Porth's bill failed — it never even reached a committee in the Florida legislature.
That's just fine for parents like Bud Glover of Bonifay, a small town 15 miles from the Alabama border. It's a place where tradition is valued — and paddling is considered tradition.
"I got my butt beat and I know what's right and wrong," he says. "And my children are going to know what's right and wrong."
Glover's feelings are shared by many parents in this part of Florida. "I think the problem with society is we quit paddling," he says.
The Sting Of The Paddle
Schools often use a wooden or fiberglass paddle for their spankings. There are no statewide regulations on what the paddles should look like, so each school district creates its own.
The paddle at Holmes County High School looks like a short rowboat paddle. It's about 16 inches long, 5 inches wide and a 1/2 inch thick. You can't buy it at a store, so Holmes County High asks wood-shop students to make it for them.
Senior Cole Long has never made a paddle, but he's been on the receiving end of one.
He says he's been paddled for things like, "throwing papers, throwing pencils, a couple times for cussing and then back-talking."
"I used to be a really wild child," he says.
A couple months ago, Long won $7,200 at a bull-riding competition in Texas. But even to a bull rider, Long says, the paddle can sting depending on who's doing the spanking.
"The assistant principal, he hurts," Long says. "I've had it plenty of times from him and he gives it to us a little more."
Long says he thinks all schools should paddle students because the spankings teach discipline and respect — and much of the community agrees.
Paddling Without Parental Consent
Every once in a while, parents like Tenika Jones of Levy County will object to their child getting paddled. Last year, the principal at Joyce Bullock Elementary sent home a waiver asking parents for permission to paddle students. Jones says she didn't sign it, but her son, Geirrea Bostick, was paddled anyway.
He was 5 at the time and it was his second week of preschool. Gierrea says the principal spanked him twice for slapping another boy on the school bus. He says the principal first told him to take his jacket off. "Then [she] spank me on my booty," Gierrea says. "I cried all the way home. It was really hard."
Gierrea's mom says the paddling left welts on Gierrea's bottom, and she was outraged.
"If I would have hit my son how she hit him, I would have been in jail, I would have been on the news, I would have been messed up trying to get my children back," Jones says. "She whipped him up and to me that's child abuse."
Jones is in the process of suing the Levy County School District for paddling her son without her permission. But Robert Rush, an attorney at the law firm representing Jones says state law does not require schools to get parental consent.
"If the school board and the principal specifically authorize corporal punishment, it can be administered lawfully against the parent's wishes," Rush says.
According to Rush, the school principal sets the policy for paddling, and if the school acts in accordance with that policy it's very hard to sue.
"They're immune both civilly and criminally by law," he says.
But attorneys can argue excessive force was used.
The school's principal, Jamie Handlin, and the school district would not comment for this story because they're in pre-litigation, but Handlin told the Williston Pioneer newspaper, "Nothing was violated."
"I disciplined out of love, not anger," she said.
Does Paddling Solve The Problem?
Schools are the only public institution where hitting is allowed. It's not allowed in prisons, hospitals, mental institutions or the military.
According to the Center for Effective Discipline, the most recent statistics show that 223,190 American students received corporal punishment in 2006. In Florida alone, 3,661 students were spanked in 2010, according to the state's Department of Education.
But school corporal punishment in general has been on the decline. New Jersey was the first state to ban it in 1867. The next state, Massachusetts, didn't follow until more than 100 years later, when child protection laws started popping up and paddling students starting falling out of fashion. Most recently, New Mexico banned paddling just last year.
Deborah Sendek, a clinical child psychologist with the Center for Effective Discipline, says research on corporal punishment shows paddling does not deter students from misbehaving.
"What we tend to see is the students who are paddled are paddled repeatedly throughout the course of the academic year and the following year and the following year," Sendek says. "That's one of the things that tells us it's not effective."
Sendek says paddling can also have negative short- and long-term physical and psychological consequences.
"The rule in school may be that we only hit for certain things and we only hit with a paddle," Sendek says. "But if we have a culture where we believe it's OK to hit, then it can be generalized."
But supporters of school corporal punishment argue that paddling helps keeps kids in school, since the alternative would be suspending students with bad behavior.
Willie Williams, principal at Madison County Central Elementary and Middle School, agrees. The only problem is he can't bring himself to administer the punishment. And when others do it, he says he can't bear watch.
This story is part of the StateImpact Florida project. StateImpact is a collaboration between NPR and member stations examining the effect of state policy on people's lives.
Getting pulled by the ear for misbehaving in class or laying across a teacher's legs for a spanking may seem like a relic of the past. But 19 states still allow public schools to paddle students who behave badly. According to the Center for Effective Discipline, most incidents take place in rural parts of the Mountain and Southern states, where such punishment is something of a tradition. Well, now in Florida, a mother plans to sue a school district because her 5-year-old son was paddled without her permission. WLRN-Miami Herald reporter Sarah Gonzalez went to small-town Florida to find out why schools want the right to spank students.
SARAH GONZALEZ, BYLINE: There are some parts of Florida where getting spanked at school on your butt with a wooden or a fiberglass board isn't a big deal.
COLE LONG: You put your hands on the desk and look forward.
CLAIRE GINN: You just get hit two or three times and then it's over with.
LUCAS MIXON: I've been getting them since about first grade. It's just regular.
GONZALEZ: That's Cole Long, Claire Ginn and Lucas Mixon - middle and high school students in North Florida, where almost every county has laws on the books allowing the paddling of students. Public schools are the only public institution where hitting is allowed - not in prisons, hospitals, mental institutions or the military. The most recent data shows about 3,600 students were spanked in Florida in 2010. Efforts to ban school corporal punishment statewide failed this year. And that's just fine for parents like Bud Glover of Bonifay, Florida.
BUD GLOVER: I got my butt beat. I know what's right and wrong and my children are going to know what's right and wrong.
GONZALEZ: Bonifay is a small town in the Florida Panhandle 15 miles from the Alabama border where tradition is valued and Eddie Dixson, principal at Holmes County High School, is a traditionalist when it comes to spanking misbehaving students.
EDDIE DIXSON: (Unintelligible).
DIXSON: That kind of thing. It doesn't really hurt. It's just the sound.
GONZALEZ: It's a wooden board and it sure looks like it hurts. Picture a really short rowboat paddle, a rectangle with a handle about 16 inches long, five inches wide and half an inch thick.
Students at the high school get paddled about twice a week for doing things like...
LONG: Oh, doing stupid stuff. You know, throwing papers, throwing pencils. A couple times for cussing and backtalking. I used to be a really wild child.
GONZALEZ: That's Cole Long, a senior at Holmes County High. He says the spankings teach students discipline and respect, but every once in a while, a parent from one of these small towns will say, that's my job, like Tenika Jones of Levy County.
Last year, the principal at Joyce Bullock Elementary sent home a waiver asking parents for permission to paddle students. Jones didn't sign it, but her son, Geirrea Bostick, was paddled on his second week of preschool, anyway. Geirrea says the principal spanked him twice for slapping another boy on the school bus.
GEIRREA BOSTICK: He said - take my jacket off. Then when I take my jacket off, they spanked me on my booty. Yeah. It was hard and I cried, then I say, sorry. Then we went on the bus, then I cried all the way home. It was really hard.
GONZALEZ: The paddling left welts on Geirrea's bottom and his mom was outraged.
TENIKA JONES: If I would have hit my son - I hit him, I would have been in jail. I would have been on the news. I would have been messed up, trying to get my child back. How she hit my son, she whipped him up and, to me, that's child abuse.
GONZALEZ: Geirrea's mom is in the process of suing the Levy County School District for paddling her son without her permission, but state law does not require schools to get parental consent. The school's principal and the school district would not comment because they're in pre-litigation, but the principal has said that permission slips are only a courtesy.
Many studies on school corporal punishment show paddling does not deter kids from misbehaving. Students who are paddled once are often repaddled, but supporters argue that paddling punishes students and keeps them in school because the alternative for students with bad behavior would be suspension.
Willie Williams agrees. He's principal at Madison County Central Elementary and Middle School. The only problem is he can't bring himself to administer the punishment and, when others do it...
WILLIE WILLIAMS: I have to walk out. I'm a softie, really, at heart. I actually have to walk out because I just...
GONZALEZ: As principal, Williams could ban the practice.
WILLIAMS: If I believed in that, but I am a part of the community.
GONZALEZ: And he says this community supports school corporal punishment and, in rural Florida, that's not likely to change anytime soon. For NPR News, I'm Sarah Gonzalez in Miami.
BLOCK: That story is part of the State Impact Project. State Impact is a collaboration between NPR and member stations examining the effect of state policy on people's lives. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


text:
Rockland County, New York Probate Lawyers
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Archipelago is the second feature film by the British
writer-director Joanna Hogg. Released in the UK in March 2011, it
tells the story of an upper middle class family who are gathered
together for a farewell family reunion in a rented house on Tresco,
one of the Scilly Isles off the coast of Cornwall. In a style of
cinema known as neorealism,
the film is composed of still shots, eschews close ups until the
later stages, and creates its intimate atmosphere through the use
of natural light in both indoor and outdoor scenes. The audio track
is composed solely of sounds from the environment it
The film opens with the arrival of Edward (Tom
Hiddleston), by helicopter, on Tresco, where he is met by his
mother Patricia (Kate Fahy) and sister Cynthia (Lydia Leonard). The
back story slowly unfolds as we learn that Edward, who is in his
late twenties, has left his well paid city job and is soon to
travel to Africa where he will work as a volunteer for eleven
months, helping to teach sexual health within communities afflicted
by AIDs. He outlines his need for a purpose in life but gradually
reveals his uncertainty about whether he has actually made the
right decision. Cynthia, his older sister, is critical of his
choice and shows her resentment of his freedom to travel abroad in
this way. Patricia, their mother, has arranged this farewell get
together in a rented holiday home that they visited many times when
Edward and Cynthia were young and where they all seem to recall
fond memories. However, the full family reunion fails to take place
as time passes and Patricia's husband doesn't arrive. We feel his
distant presence only through phone calls that he makes to Patricia
and Cynthia, in which Patricia becomes increasingly frustrated and
let down by his absence at her longed for gathering. As his
father's failure to show up becomes more certain, Edward voices
several critical and disrespectful comments about him, revealing
their lack of closeness.
The two other significant characters in this drama
are the cook, Rose, who has been hired to look after the culinary
needs of the family during the holiday and Christopher an artist
and friend who is engaged in teaching Patricia and Cynthia
painting. The real life artist, Christopher Baker, describes his
painting process as a need to find the chaos in representation
while he resists exercising too much control, something Patricia
openly acknowledges is hard for her to do. In contrast to the
extremely controlling attitudes of both Patricia, her absent
husband, and Cynthia, Christopher becomes a proxy father figure to
the 'hen pecked', over compliant Edward as he tries to reflect on
the meaning and purpose of his own life.
Rose, the paid cook, attracts the attention of
Edward, who tries to treat her as an equal, in a way that brings
criticism from both Patricia and Cynthia, as he befriends her and
wants her to join the family at mealtimes, blurring the boundary of
employer and employee. The ensuing debate gives rise to one
especially embarrassing scene, in which we feel Rose's discomfort
acutely. However, we also learn that Rose's father died suddenly in
an accident a few years earlier and she, her mother and her
sisters, have only just 'emerged from the coma' of grief that they
were in. In an attempt to include Rose, the family invite her and
Christopher to lunch at a hotel, empty at this time of year, where
Cynthia creates a scene by complaining about her food, whilst the
rest of the group remain mostly silent. Her growing anger and
frustration is later released in a row at the house, but the real
feeling of equilibrium only returns to the group when Patricia
loses her temper with her husband on the phone just before the end
of the holiday.
Archipelago is not a film that portrays overt mental
illness, rather it seeks to give us an insight in to the complex
origins of the problems that may drive someone to seek
psychotherapy of some form. Cynthia's unhappiness, irritability and
seeming dissatisfaction with her self and the world, suggests that
she might benefit from a psychological treatment. The film is so
skillful at involving the viewer in the family's interactions that
it would definitely offer a great platform to discuss the role of
unconscious motivations, inner conflicts and defence mechanisms
that form the basis of psychoanalysis
and the approach taken by psychoanalytic psychotherapy, described
on the information pages of the British
Association of Psychotherapists.
For a broader consideration of psychological
therapies, a reading of the Royal College of Psychiatry
factsheet on Psychotherapies could form the basis
of a discussion on the whole variety of treatments that might be of
use to the various characters in Archipelago were they to
seek help. I would strongly recommend this film to anyone
interested in, or actually working as a psychotherapist with
individuals or families.
For anyone interested in a further psychoanalytic
exploration of films, The Institute of
Psychoanalysis is currently showing a series of films
and discussions called 'Screening
Conditions', which takes place on
Sunday mornings, at The Institute of Contemporary Arts, London.
Here is further
information about all of the Institute's events
examining the relationship between psychoanalysis and the arts.
• More information about Archipelago
can be found at IMDB as
can a short
• The DVD can be purchased at
• Minds on Film is written by Consultant
Psychiatrist, Dr Joyce Almeida.
Subscribe to this post's comments using
If you don't have an account please
Click here to Register
Minds on Film is a monthly blog that explores
psychiatric conditions and mental health issues as portrayed in a
selection of readily available films.
Please note that this blog may contain
plot spoilers. Any views expressed are purely my own.


text:
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Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life SYNOPSIS
Ayn Rand was born in 1905 in St. Petersburg, Russia. Defying the death warrant of the Soviet Union, she came to America as a temporary visitor in 1926 but remained for the rest of her life. Later, she would also defy the cultural and political views of contemporary America in such best-selling novels as THE FOUNTAINHEAD and ATLAS SHRUGGED. Her unique philosophy, Objectivism, challenged the cultural tradition of 2,500 years . . .
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AWARDS Accolades & Nominations
January 19, 1999: "Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life" won a Golden Satellite Award for Best Documentary Film. The award was given by the International Press Academy at the…
At the 70th Annual Academy Awards ceremony, "Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life" was honored with an Oscar nomination in the category of Best Documentary Feature.
"In a loving—but not fawning—documentary look at this fascinating figure of 20th-century intellectual life, director Michael Paxton has created an exhaustive and definitive history of a challenging subject."
"The film, narrated by Sharon Gless, is an expertly assembled collection of news films, interviews with various people and television clips showing Rand being interviewed by people such…
"...Paxton makes "Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life" a testament to the woman. In explaining the person behind the great novels, the film conveys her sense of life…rockport shoes
"...In this absorbing and rich documentary which deservedly won an Oscar Nomination, Rand's life is not merely explored but decoded."
"Details a fascinating life with skill and intelligence....an admirable job of humanizing a previously forbidding subject."
"Engrossing... A Hymn to an Original Thinker"


text:
Eliot Spitzer: Wife won't appear on campaign trail
Jul. 26, 2013
NEW YORK (AP) — Eliot Spitzer says his wife won't be accompanying him on the campaign trail for New York City comptroller, noting "she's got a career."
The tarnished former governor tells the New York Post (http://bit.ly/16gZmiT ) that voters will judge him, "not who else is with me or not with me."
He made the remark Thursday in the Bronx. He was asked whether his wife, Silda, would appear at his side during the campaign.
Spitzer added that he was the one running for office, saying "no other member of my family is running for office."
Silda Wall Spitzer famously stood by her husband in 2008 when he stepped down as governor in a prostitution scandal. A former corporate lawyer, she now works for a private equity group where she focuses on investments in clean energy.
Information from: New York Post, http://www.nypost.com


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FANTASY ISLAND: Tapping into a growing mood for escapism, new offerings from Dior's "Coffret de Victoire," featuring one-of-a-kind pieces designed by Victoire de Castellane, include six oversize bracelets inspired by the idea of a lovesick traveler collecting souvenirs for his sweetheart on a trip around the world. The treasures will be presented in a giant Dior-gray jewelry box at the house's Paris headquarters March 9, a spokeswoman confirmed.
This story first appeared in the February 23, 2009 issue of WWD. Subscribe Today.
FIRST, HE TAKES MANHATTAN: It turns out that the Bryant Park tents don't have a monopoly on rowdy mobs this week. Hundreds of ticket holders pushed and shoved their way into the Beacon Theatre on Thursday night for Leonard Cohen's sold-out concert. It was the first time the legendary musician had played in the U.S. in 15 years. "Since then, I've had a lot of Prozac, Wellbutrin, Ritalin, Tylenol extra-strength," Cohen deadpanned. "I studied the philosophies, but cheerfulness kept breaking through." Who would have guessed that the melancholic sound man had a sense of humor? He even skipped on- and offstage during his three-hour set. It seems the meds must be working.
Cohen will tour the U.S. starting with a show in Austin on April 2 and stopping in Oakland, Calif.; Seattle, Chicago, Boston and Indio, Calif., for the Coachella Valley Music & Arts Festival.
MILLA'S MAN: Roberto Cavalli has asked the much-hyphenated model-actress-designer-singer Milla Jovovich to be the godmother at the gala dinner and party he will be throwing in Milan on Sunday to mark the launch of his first MasterCard. Elizabeth Hurley will also be a guest at the bash, to be held the evening of Cavalli's show during Milan Fashion Week.
RUSSIAN VIEW: Though their economy seems to lose a billionaire a day, Russian retailers were still on the show circuit, albeit with an adjusted perspective. "It's not easy. We are, of course in a very difficult situation," said Alla Verber, vice president of Mercury Distribution, which franchises designer boutiques in Russia, from Ralph Rucci's front row. "The crisis here came to our country, too, but we started with a very strong spring. Sales are fine, but we have to be more careful." While Verber said cutting back on designers is crucial, she named Ralph Rucci and J.Mendel as favorites and expressed increased interest in the contemporary and young designer market, with an eye toward Jason Wu. "I want to do a big story with Michelle Obama and new designers," said Verber. "I met [Wu] and I want to do a story with him and windows."
CROSS STITCH: The Dow Jones Industrial Average slid to its lowest level in six years Friday morning, but Thursday night the fashion flock toasted the opening of the optimistically monikered The Smile, a boutique and cafe on Bond Street. Also being feted was Wool & the Gang, a knitting collective and clothing line founded by Lisa Sabrier, Carolyn Main and Nadège Winter. Guests including Mary-Kate Olsen, Michael Stipe, Chiara Clemente, Waris Ahluwalia and Eleanor Ylvisaker perused the knitting kits and were given wool headbands and roses. "I actually don't know how to knit," said Erin Wasson, who will soon be headed to reprise her RVCA presentation in London.
"I prefer cross-stitching — you can do so much more. My mom taught me how to do it." Meanwhile, designers Maria Cornejo, Thakoon Panichgul, John Whitledge, Jeff Halmos and Sam Shipley checked out The Smile's two-level brick-walled space. The concept store was founded by Carlos Quirarte and Matt Kliegman and features a cafe and bar run by Melia Marden (daughter of Brice). According to Quirarte, the store will feature exclusive and limited edition items from the likes of Adam Kimmel and Earnest Sewn.
"It's all just friends," explained Quirarte, who happened upon the landmarked 1830s location after the restaurant Double Crown opted not to use it. After cocktails, partygoers like Vladimir Roitfeld, Tatiana Santo Domingo and Andrea Casiraghi and Lily Donaldson thronged the second floor of the Bowery Hotel, where Matt Creed DJ'd and the band Chief performed.
LONDON SHOWS' NEW HOME: London Fashion Week is heading to the bright lights of central London. After being held at the British Fashion Council's tents at the Natural History Museum in South Kensington for four years, the London shows will move to Somerset House, an 18th-century neoclassical museum and cultural space near Covent Garden, in September. "We are pleased to be working in partnership with Somerset House to develop London Fashion Week's profile and…utilize the architecturally interesting spaces to make the venue our new home," said Harold Tillman, chairman of the British Fashion Council. London Fashion Week's move to Somerset House will also coincide with an exhibition staged by photographer Nick Knight's multimedia Web site SHOWstudio, which will be held there from Sept. 18 through Dec. 20.
VENETIAN KINDS: Get ready for gondola chic. Karl Lagerfeld is already thinking about his cruise collection for Chanel, and plans to show it May 14 in Venice, on the famous Lido Beach.
HYERES TODAY: Belgian Kris Van Assche will preside over the jury at the 24th International Fashion and Photography Festival in Hyères, France in late April. The designer, who is also Dior Homme's artistic director, will be joined on the jury by actress and filmmaker Zoe Cassavetes, photographer Nan Goldin and Dazed & Confused's editor in chief Jefferson Hack. Their task will be to select a winner from among 10 budding designers. Talents discovered at the festival in the past include Viktor & Rolf and Gaspard Yurkievich.


text:
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Our holdings include hundreds of glass and film negatives/transparencies that we've scanned ourselves; in addition, many other photos on this site were extracted from reference images (high-resolution tiffs) in the Library of Congress research archive. (To query the database click here.) They are adjusted, restored and reworked by your webmaster in accordance with his aesthetic sensibilities before being downsized and turned into the jpegs you see here. All of these images (including "derivative works") are protected by copyright laws of the United States and other jurisdictions and may not be sold, reproduced or otherwise used for commercial purposes without permission.
Vintage photos of:
"Gas tank at 26th & G." The city gas house and holding tanks ("gasometers") in Northwest Washington near the current location of the Watergate complex. The intersection in the photo (seen earlier here) is New Hampshire (middle left) and Virginia avenues. Harris & Ewing Collection glass negative. View full size.
November 1908. "Some Sweepers in a North Carolina cotton mill." Photograph by Lewis Wickes Hine for the National Child Labor Committee. View full size.
Washington, D.C., circa 1925. "Y.W.C.A. Circus." Another scene from the Terrifying Party. Harris & Ewing Collection glass negative. View full size.
Washington circa 1925. "Y.W.C.A. Circus." Very little to go on here, but maybe that's just as well. Harris & Ewing Collection glass negative. View full size.
August 1938. "Sideshow, county fair, central Ohio." 35mm nitrate negative by Ben Shahn for the Farm Security Administration. View full size.
Washington, D.C. August 1920. "Steuart's Garage, stockroom, 12th Street N.E." National Photo Company Collection glass negative. View full size.
Sunday, August 9, 1925. "KKK services." The "services" at the Capital Horse Show grounds in Arlington, complete with flaming 80-foot cross, wrapped up the Klan's weekend in Washington. Some 100,000 people from all over the country were thought to have attended. National Photo Co. glass negative. View full size.
A gray 1912 day in Washington, D.C. "Woodward & Lothrop department store trucks." Harris & Ewing Collection glass negative. View full size.