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Project for aimajin46 -- 2
Budget $60 USD
Hello aimajin!
I'm sorry to do it like that but it´s the only wey I know to contact people before making any contract.
I'll explain what I want shortly and you tell me if you can do it and how much would it cost. ok? thanks :)
I have a website [url removed, login to view]
In the future I´ll talk about wine in general and I want an introduccion video for it.
I would like a vineyard growing from the soil around a V
after it has grown a wine bottle would appear on the left side and would empty the wine on the V and completing the rest of the letters from Vitivipedia with wine colour.
I hope you understand what I tried to explain to you :) if you like to help me please answer and let me apologize again if you usually don´t work like that (I mean that I contract you before any confirmation from your part)
5 freelancers are bidding on average $283 for this job
Hello, Kindly don't ignore our Bid before going through our portfolio. We would love to work with you on your project as we have gone through your project description and understand the job [login to view URL] are the More
Hey are you looking for an explanatory video then i guess i could help my workflow is that i take ideas from you and create a script something like this [login to view URL] More
Hi, Greetings of the Day! As we are a team of 20+ professionals for IT Services like- Website Designing and Development, SEO and SMO, Graphic Designing services. We can offer you our several years of experience in W More
In my mind, the animation will be 2d animation with combination of real wine bottle picture, isn't it ??
Hi, I have total 8+ years of experience in Android development. Technical Skills: C/C++ Java, Android, Eclipse IDE, XML, JSON, REST, SOAP, OAuth, XML, API, GIT etc. My core competencies are :- - Able to More

subset: commoncrawl


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Azpilicueta, Ivanovic, Luiz, Cole
Mikel, Ramires
Mata, Oscar, Hazard
Parkhurst, Gundelach, Runje, Mtiliga
Adu, Stockholm
Lorentzen, Christensen, John
Chelsea will be without Frank Lampard (calf) and John Terry (knee), with both expected to be available to face Sunderland at the weekend. Daniel Sturridge (hamstring) is also a doubt but could make the substitutes' bench.
Rafa Benitez has so far appeared to be keen to shake up the trio behind the misfiring Fernando Torres, with Victor Moses and Marko Marin both involved in recent weeks. However, with the Blues in dire need of a victory, the Spaniard could resort to the supporting three that started the season so well.
For Nordsjaelland, Jores Okore – who has played every Champions League game for the visitors this season – will sit out after picking up a thigh injury against Esbjerg in November.
Ramires, David Luiz, Patrick Mtiliga and Ivan Runje are all one yellow card away from incurring a suspension.
Chelsea must win to qualify for the knockout phase of the competition. However, if Juventus beat Shakhtar in Group E's other game, the Blues will go out regardless of their result against Nordsjaelland.
- The Danes have lost five of their last eight games on the road.
- The hosts are on a run of six competitive matches without a win, something which has not happened since 1996.
- This is the visitors' maiden season in the Champions League and they are yet to achieve a win (W0 D1 L4).
- Gary Cahill (pictured, right) has blocked more shots per game in all competitions (1.7) than any other player in Europe's top five leagues.
- The Superliga champions currently sit second in their domestic league.
- Chelsea have the joint-best disciplinary record in the competition, having picked up just five yellow cards in five matches this season.
- This will be Rafa Benitez's first Champions League game in charge of a club since his Inter side lost 3-0 to Werder Bremen in 2010.


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Metallica Perform National Anthem at San Francisco Giants Game
Last night (May 3), James Hetfield and Kirk Hammett of Metallica played the national anthem at AT&T Park before the start of the San Francisco Giants game against the Los Angeles Dodgers. The video is embedded above.
The performance was part of Metallica Night. The guitars played by Hetfield and Hammett - black with the Giants' logo painted on them - were later signed by the band and auctioned off by the team. The auction raised more than $15,000 for the Giants' Community Fund and the Bill Graham Memorial Foundation.
In addition to the duo's rendition, Lars Ulrich threw out the first pitch, and fans who purchased the ticket package for the game received a limited-edition Giants cap featuring Metallica's logo.
Metallica's connection to baseball is well known. Their classic 'Enter Sandman' has long been used as the entrance music for Mariano Rivera, the Hall of Fame-bound closer for the New York Yankees.
"It's been great," Hetfield told the team's website. "I love the fact that we inspire some next level of performance, because that does it for us, too. We love playing it and it shows."
Last week, veteran Giants lefty Barry Zito jam with the band at their headquarters in San Mateo, Calif. Watch the video below.
Whatever forces Metallica were able to summon with their music apparently worked. The Giants defeated their biggest rivals, 2-1, on a walk-off home run by Buster Posey, who also drove in the tying run in the sixth inning.


text: Job Discussion Forums :: View topic - Teaching in Georgia Independent?? Get TEFL Certified & Start Your Adventure Today! Job Discussion Forums"The Internet's Meeting Place for ESL/EFL Students and Teachers from Around the World!" FAQ Search Memberlist Usergroups Register Profile Log in to check your private messages Log in Teaching in Georgia Independent?? Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> General Europe Forum View previous topic :: View next topic Author Message KirkpatrickJoined: 27 Feb 2008Posts: 205Location: China Posted: Sat Apr 16, 2011 5:43 am Post subject: Teaching in Georgia Independent?? Is this even possible??? I am an American, so I get a 360 day visa. I have over 12 years experience and all the academic documents. I just can't see paying an agency to teach. Basically, could I just go directly to a school?? City or village doesn't really matter. Needing something to kill a couple months. Any thought on this matter would be helpful. Back to top naturegirl321Joined: 04 May 2003Posts: 9041Location: home sweet home Posted: Mon Apr 18, 2011 2:46 pm Post subject: These places seem to recruit for Georgia. I don-t beleive that they have fees. If you-re a licensed teacher, check into international schools Reach to Teach Footprints Fulbright Greenheart Travel These posts also have info about some of the programmes. http://forums.eslcafe.com/job/viewtopic.php?t=87741&highlight=georgia http://forums.eslcafe.com/job/viewtopic.php?t=83413&highlight=georgia http://forums.eslcafe.com/job/viewtopic.php?t=82778&highlight=georgia http://forums.eslcafe.com/job/viewtopic.php?t=85911&highlight=georgia Back to top real2104Joined: 14 Jun 2007Posts: 120 Posted: Fri May 13, 2011 9:07 am Post subject: be careful... i've heard from a few sources that it's not the place for a single woman to be and that it's a fairly sexist country. Back to top cksJoined: 12 Jul 2005Posts: 144 Posted: Mon May 23, 2011 7:55 pm Post subject: Fairly sexist country is an understatement. Please see the info on the Russia and former CIS forum. Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> General Europe Forum All times are GMT Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Where to Begin----------------General DiscussionNewbie ForumCurrent Events ForumTechnology ForumOnline Teaching Forum Africa Forums----------------General Africa Forum Asia Forums----------------CambodiaChina (Job-related Posts Only)China (Off-Topic)Hong KongIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaPhilippinesSingaporeTaiwanThailandGeneral Asia ForumVietnam Caribbean Forums----------------General Caribbean Forum Europe Forums----------------Czech RepublicFranceGermanyGreeceItalyMacedonia and the BalkansPolandRomaniaRussia & C.I.S.SpainTurkeyUkraineUnited KingdomGeneral Europe Forum Latin America Forums----------------ArgentinaBrazilChileColombiaCosta RicaMexicoMexico (off-topic)PeruGeneral Latin America Forum The Middle East Forums----------------BahrainEgyptIsraelKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesGeneral Middle East Forum North America Forums----------------General North America Forum Oceania----------------Australia/New Zealand You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum This page is maintained by the one and only Dave Sperling. Contact Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2018 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved. Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2002 phpBB Group Teaching Jobs in China


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The final set of the 2011 volleyball season went to extra points, but the #3 Blue Devils fell to #2 Sacred Heart by a score of 3-1 on Saturday evening. The Blue Devils fall to 20-11 on the season with the semifinal loss. Sacred Heart advances to play #1 Long Island in the Northeast Conference Championship match tomorrow afternoon.
The Blue Devils dropped the first two sets by scores of 25-19 and 25-22 before rebounding for a 25-17 victory in the third set. Central pushed the Pioneers to the brink in the fourth set, but a 4-0 run erased the Blue Devils' 24-22 lead and ended the match, 26-24.
Central was led by Second Team All-NEC selection Emily Cochran who delivered 18 kills in the match. She also contributed 13 digs, four blocks, an ace and an assist on the day.
Junior Blaike King was the only other Blue Devil to post double-digit kills in the match she recorded 11, to go along with four digs, two blocks and two aces. Senior Sara DeLacey, also an All-NEC selection, posted a team-high .467 hitting percentage in her final collegiate match. She connected on eight of 15 attacks and contributed to five blocks.
Freshman Emma Le Maitre posted a strong defensive game. She posted a match-high eight blocks. Classmate Brittany Schumacher recorded 13 digs from her libero position, tying Cochran for a team-high.
Senior Danielle Gasser recorded 38 assist in the match. That raises her season total to 1,249, which stands at the fourth highest single-season total in program history.
Long Island and Sacred Heart will play for the Northeast Conference Championship Sunday at 3 p.m.


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No, I didn't. What I said was, the CBC can run news that isn't necessarily designed to generate revenue. Which can be a reasonable balance to the far-right Sun, Global and right CTV.Meds wrote:
Did you really just call the Liberal Party run CBC an accurate reporting news broadcaster?
As for hockey.....
CBC HNiC is even more heavily Toronto biased than TSN is. We were still hearing about Phil Kessel while Boston was sweeping Pittsburgh in the conference finals last year.....this a full two rounds after the Leafs had been eliminated in a choke job that not even the Canucks can match.
The CBC has its own problems, but the lose of a public broadcaster is bad news for any fair-minded citizen of a democracy and supporter of a free and independent press. Unless you think news is just a commodity designed to generate profit.
And the only reason that is relevant is because the CBC is highly dependent on the profitable HNIC property. Which I suppose shall continue, but likely won't generate nearly as much for CBC with SN running the show.


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After acquiring Steve Montador at the 2009 trade deadline, Bruins general manager Peter Chiarelli expressed his admiration for the team then-Calgary GM Darryl Sutter had put together prior to a run to the '04 Stanley Cup final.
Chiarelli didn't need to verbalize the high esteem he held Sutter in because the Bruins' roster reflected it quite well – with Montador joining incumbent Bruins Andrew Ference, Chuck Kobasew and Stephane Yelle as players that had been one win from the Cup with Calgary that were now on Boston's payroll.
A year and a half later, only Ference remains with Boston from that quartet of ex-Flames. While Chiarelli's philosophy of building around all-world goaltending and being a gritty, hard-to-play-against team still mirrors part of Sutter's approach, Bruins fans must hope that that's as far as Chiarelli will go with his replication of the Sutter strategy.
Sutter, who became Calgary's GM in April 2003, resigned/was pushed out this week by Flamers ownership and turned the reins over to Jay Feaster. The Sutter stint as GM in Calgary hit its pinnacle at the start with the trade for superstar goaltender Miikka Kiprusoff in November 2003 and then that run to the '04 final. However, the rest of Sutter's run was decorated with first-round playoff exits, lost free agents and poor trade decisions.
As Globe & Mail writer Eric Duhatschek put it on Tuesday:
Feaster inherits an organization that is old, slow, overpaid and encumbered by nearly a dozen players on no-trade or no-movement contracts. It is a team with few blue-chip prospects in the development pipeline, thanks to a series of ruinous trades over the past two years in which the future was sacrificed for quick fixes in the present that backfired in big, meaningful ways (can anyone say Olli Jokinen?).
Jokinen was a player Sutter twice erred on. First, he dealt youngsters Matthew Lombardi and Brandon Prust, along with a first-round pick, to get the center from Phoenix at the '09 deadline. Then after swapping him for marginal NHLers last winter, Sutter re-signed Jokinen last summer. This season, Jokinen has produced just 19 points in 34 games while hitting the Flames cap for $3 million this and next season.
Sutter's sins went well beyond two poor decisions involving Jokinen. The GM failed to retain the likes of Kristian Huselius and Mike Cammalleri when they hit free agency, and he lost them for nothing. He traded for Alex Tanguay, who scored 81 points his first season with the Flames and then dropped off to 58 the next year and hasn't been the same player since.
In explaining that the Flames were able to re-sign star defenseman Dion Phaneuf after his entry-level deal expired but then failed to put a championship-caliber team around him, Duhatschek wrote Wednesday:
But eventually, the Flames had to pay for Phaneuf's early successes – and soon backed themselves into a corner by repeatedly overpaying just enough to retain all their core players and land players via free agency. The result was today's aging, capped-out team that has trouble keeping up with some of its free-wheeling, penny-pinching, more-successful adversaries.
Sutter compounded the problem by dealing Phaneuf away to Toronto last winter and receiving just marginal NHL talent in return. An even bigger blunder was handing out no-movement and no-trade clauses as though they were candy. The Flames have 10 players signed for next season with an NMC or NTC, according to CapGeek.com.
That's one of the areas where Chiarelli has obviously strayed from the Sutter blueprint. While Chiarelli gets criticized for being generous with his NMC and NTC distribution, Boston has just five players with such clauses signed for next season. In addition, he has managed to re-sign key potential unrestricted free agents in Patrice Bergeron, Zdeno Chara, Marc Savard and Tim Thomas, and got Milan Lucic to commit to Boston without testing the restricted free agency market.
While the first round of the playoffs was Calgary's biggest road block – the Flames lost there every year from '05 to '09 until missing the playoffs last spring – under Sutter, Boston's season has come to a halt in the second round two years running. It'll be interesting now to see if Chiarelli can continue to stick to his own game plan and not fall in the Sutter-like trap.
The pressure this winter to swing a deadline-deal to solidify his team for a deep run in '11 will be as hot as it has ever been since Chiarelli landed his gig in 2006. So far, he has resisted the temptation to sacrifice the future for a quick fix in the present (which we know isn't always the big fix it's expected to be). The price for players the caliber of Marian Hossa, Ilya Kovalchuk and Tomas Kaberle (who still hasn't been moved) has always been too high for Chiarelli's taste, so he has passed.
Chiarelli has to continue to build through his youth and stockpile those prospects and picks for the future. Just next summer, the Bruins are going to have difficult decisions to make with free agents Blake Wheeler and Mark Stuart. In future summers Tuukka Rask, David Krejci, Tyler Seguin and Lucic (after his second contract expires) will have to be dealt with. Some players will stay and some will go. The Bruins will be in a better position to negotiate if they have talent in the pipeline ready to step in.
There's no doubt that as a player, the Sutter work ethic was something worth emulating, and that Darryl Sutter had the right idea at the start of his GM run. For Peter Chiarelli, everything Sutter did after the lockout, however, should be more of an example of what not to do to ensure a long, successful run as general manager of the Bruins.


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I feel like when it comes to Lancias, people always want to talk about the Stratos or the Delta Integrale. Those are phenomenal cars, but they're not the only great Lancias out there.
Take the Lancia Fulvia, for example. What's a sexy Italian coupe got to do to get some love around here? The Fulvia, made from 1963 to 1976, not only had a very attractive design, but also gave birth to the Lancia rallying legend carried on in later years by its younger brothers.
Don't worry, Lancia Fulvia. Today's your day in the sun, at least here on Jalopnik. Enjoy it.
Photo credit Exfordy. Click here for a giganto-desktop version.
Weekend Wallpapers are featured on Saturdays. Got one you'd like us to run? Send it to patrick at jalopnik dot com with the subject "Weekend Wallpaper." Just make sure you have the rights to use it.


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BOSTON (AP) — Massachusetts U.S. Rep. Edward Markey says he'll run for John Kerry's U.S. Senate seat if Kerry is confirmed as the nation's new secretary of state.
Markey is a Democrat and is the dean of the state's congressional delegation. He's from Malden, just north of Boston. He announced his decision Thursday.
Markey says recent events including Superstorm Sandy, the Connecticut school shooting and the fiscal cliff debate have made it clear Massachusetts needs a senator with the "right priorities and values."
Kerry is expected to be confirmed by his fellow senators as secretary of state. The Democrat would have to leave the Senate.
The field of candidates in the special election for Kerry's seat likely would be crowded, especially among Democrats, who have no clear front-runner. Sen. Scott Brown would be the Republican favorite if he decided to run.


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3 wake to smoke, flames in Volusia home
Tanker truck used to douse flames
3 wake to smoke, flames in Volusia home
Tanker truck used to douse flames
DELAND, Fla. —
Three people are safe after a fire damaged a home in DeLand overnight.
Firefighters worked to knock down flames about 4:30 a.m. The Lake Ruby Road home was saved.
The three adults who were inside the home at the time of the fire apparently woke from their sleep to the smell of smoke.
About 30 percent of the home was engulfed in flames when firefighters arrived, according to officials.
There was no fire hydrant on the road, so firefighters had to use a tanker truck to douse the flames.
The American Red Cross will help the three displaced by the blaze.
The cause of the fire was not immediately determined.


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Thomas R. Linskey's company West River Restoration specializes in a complete line of 18th and early 19th century restoration services, including structural repair, design and installation of period detail along with chimney and fireplace repair.
Recent projects include complete renovation of the Mehiable Hand Ward House in Higganum, Connecticut. The house has a five-bay front, a pair of windows each side of a central door equipped with a half-round leaded glass fanlight, with a central window, also fanlighted, above.


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Fossils show 'weird' mosaic of chimp-human traits
WASHINGTON—She walked with a knock-kneed gait, with a heel like a chimp but the upright posture of a human, and she may provide the most complete evidence yet of early man's closest ancestor, scientists said Thursday.
Two-million-year-old Australopithecus sediba's awkward strut would eventually send a modern man begging for a knee or hip replacement, but scientists are stunned at how evolution equipped her for both climbing trees and walking.
The latest research on an unprecedented set of fossil bones from South Africa reveal an ancient creature with long arms and primitive shoulders like an ape, but legs that could straighten, dexterous hands and a human-like thumb for precision grip.
"Just a weird, weird combination," said Jeremy DeSilva of Boston University, lead author of one of the six articles in the US journal Science that describe the most complete set of bones ever found for an early hominid.
The latest findings offer more distinctions from the famed hominid Lucy, who was discovered in 1974 and whose species Australopithecus afarensis roamed eastern Africa 3.2 million years ago, experts said.
"What these papers suggest is that sediba probably doesn't come from the East African species that Lucy comes from," said Lee Berger, who in 2008 discovered the fossil site of Malapa, north of Johannesburg, where excavations are ongoing.
Au. sediba walked in a way never before seen by researchers, with a rib cage and spine that is "very ape-like at the top and human-like at the bottom," said Berger, a professor at the University of the Witwatersrand.
The bones of five individuals have provided some stunning firsts—the first-ever kneecap, the most well-preserved upper limb, and a complete set of foot, leg and hip pieces from an adult female that have allowed her gait to be decoded.
DeSilva said the adult female Au. sediba was a hyper-pronator, meaning her foot was tilted inward.
Without a strong heel base like humans have, she would have landed on the outside of her foot, causing her shin, knee and thigh bones to twist inwards and she strode.
Sound painful? To us, it might be. But maybe not to this female, referred to by researchers as MH2.
"They have the anatomy that allows them to do this and to do it well," DeSilva told AFP.
The kneecap has a large ridge that keeps it in place, and likely kept MH2 and her cohorts alive in a dangerous world, he said.
Experts believe the creatures are so well-preserved because they died after falling into a sinkhole. So far they have uncovered remains of an adult female, a juvenile male, a toddler, an infant and another adult.
"This could very well be a family group," said DeSilva. "I have never seen fossils this well preserved. It's unreal. They are stunning."
Articles detailing Au. sediba's hands and teeth—signaling they ate a diet of fruit, leaves and bark—have been previously published.
Other studies in the current issue of Science offer a more detailed glimpse at their jaws, teeth, rib cage, upper arms and spine.
The work is part of an ongoing project by international scientists from the Evolutionary Studies Institute at the University of the Witwatersrand and 15 other global institutions.
"We have this incredibly exciting look, maybe the best look at any early hominid species that had ever happened," said Berger.
"It may be that it should be considered the best candidate ancestor for early members of the genus homo."
Zeresenay Alemseged, head of the anthropology department at the California Academy of Sciences, described the work as a "fantastic discovery."
"What this really tells us is that early hominin evolution was more diverse at this time than we thought."
However, he questioned the claim that this may be the closest ancestor of modern man, noting that other fossils have shown clues of the genus homo long before Au. sediba's time, 2.33 million years ago.
"The link to homo is not well established. The torso, the clavicle, the foot have many primitive characteristics," he added.—Kerry Sheridan
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Centrophorus squamosus
|Scope: Global
Language: English
|Scientific Name:
|Centrophorus squamosus (Bonnaterre, 1788)
|Regional Assessments:
Common Name(s):
Centrophorus ferrugineus Meng, Hu & Li, 1982
Centrophorus foliaceus Günther, 1877
Centrophorus nilsoni Thompson, 1930
Centroscymnus fuscus Gilchrist & von Bonde, 1924
Encheiridiodon hendersoni Smith, 1967
Lepidorhinus squamosus (Bonnaterre, 1788)
Machephilus dumerili Johnson, 1868
Squalus squamosus Bonnaterre, 1788
|Taxonomic Source(s):
|Weigmann, S. 2016. Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology 88(3): 837-1037.
|Red List Category & Criteria:
|Vulnerable A2bd+3bd+4bd ver 3.1
|Year Published:
|Date Assessed:
Needs updating
|White, W.T. (SSG Australia & Oceania Regional Workshop, March 2003)
|Shark Specialist Group Australia & Oceania Regional Group (Shark Red List Authority)
Centrophorus squamosus is an important component of deepwater fisheries (longline and trawl) off Ireland, Spain, Portugal and France. Quantitative CPUE data available for autoline catches in three ICES areas (Northeast Atlantic) show an 80 to 90% decline in three years, a 67 to 77% decline in four years, and a 20 to 69% decline in one year. Although this data is for C. squamosus and Centroscymnus coelolepis combined, these declines together with the acute vulnerability to exploitation of Centrophorus species as shown from the New South Wales fishery independent surveys, and the knowledge that C. squamosus is the more vulnerable of these two species in terms of life history, leads to this species being assessed as Vulnerable. A stock analysis will be available shortly from the 'DELASS' project in the North East Atlantic and more detailed CPUE data throughout its range is required. The flesh and liver are marketed from this species in many areas throughout its range, e.g., eastern Atlantic and eastern Indonesia. In the latter region, C. squamosus is landed frequently but in relatively low numbers and in a very limited artisanal fishery.
The catches of this species in Australia and Oceania are relatively low and do not represent a significant component of the squaloid catches in either southeastern Australia and New Zealand, but at present there is not enough information to assess it beyond Data Deficient in this region.
|Range Description:
|Centrophorus squamosus has a wide distribution: in the eastern Atlantic from Iceland and the Atlantic slope to the Canary Islands, Senegal, Faeroes, Madeira, Azores, Gabon to Dem. Rep. Congo, Namibia, and western Cape of Good Hope (South Africa); western Indian Ocean (Natal off South Africa and the Aldabra Islands); eastern Indian Ocean (Tasmania and Victoria in Australia); the northwest Pacific, i.e., Japan, the western central Pacific (Philippines and Indonesia) and the southwestern Pacific, i.e. New Zealand and Australia (New South Wales) (Brito 1991, Last and Stevens 1994, Compagno and Niem 1998, Clarke et al. 2002, W. White, pers. obs.). The distribution for this species is considered to be more widespread in Australia than the records suggest (Last and Stevens 1994).
The level of fishing pressure needs to be examined in the various populations within its range to establish whether separate regional assessments are more suitable. For example, this species is caught in large numbers in the eastern Atlantic whereas they are not targeted or commonly caught as bycatch in Australian waters.
|Countries occurrence:
Native:Australia (New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria); Congo; Congo, The Democratic Republic of the; Faroe Islands; Gabon; Iceland; Indonesia; Ireland; Japan; Namibia; New Zealand; Philippines; Portugal (Azores, Madeira); Senegal; South Africa; Spain (Canary Is.); United Kingdom
|FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Atlantic – southeast; Atlantic – eastern central; Atlantic – northeast; Indian Ocean – eastern; Indian Ocean – western; Pacific – southwest; Pacific – western central; Pacific – northwest
|Additional data:
|Range Map:
|Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
|Current Population Trend:
|Additional data:
|Habitat and Ecology:
|Centrophorus squamosus is found demersally on the continental slopes at depths between 230 and 2,400 m, also pelagically in the upper 1,250 m of oceanic water in depths to 4,000 m (Compagno and Niem 1998).
This species attains a maximum length of 1.6 m (Compagno and Niem 1998). Maturity is attained at approximately 100 cm total length (TL) in males and at approximately 125 cm in females (Girard and Du Buit 1999, Clarke et al. 2001). Centrophorus squamosus is ovoviviparous with 5 to 8 young born at a length between 35 and 43 cm (Last and Stevens 1994, Cox and Francis 1997). There is no apparent seasonal reproductive cycle in males (Girard et al. 2000).
A study of the age and growth of this species off the Atlantic Slope (off Ireland) provided age estimates of 21 to 70 years (Clarke et al. 2002), however, the validation of whether the rings were formed annually was not undertaken. This species presumably attains maturity at a relatively late age.
There is some preliminary data on the dietary compositions of this species (see Ebert et al. 1992).
|Major Threat(s):
Centrophorus squamosus is an important component of deep-water fisheries in certain areas within its range. This shark has been exploited commercially for many years. In Japan exploitation peaked during World War II, because of the high percentage of squalene in its liver, but quickly declined due to decreasing numbers caught. Deep-water fisheries (longlining and trawling) which catch large quantities of this species are found in the eastern Atlantic, e.g., off Ireland, Spain, Portugal and France (Iglesias and Paz 1995, Clarke et al. 2001, Girard and De Buit 1999). For example, this species is targeted heavily by the Portuguese deep-water longline fishery for which exploitation peaked in 1986 (600 tonnes) and has been steadily declining since then (Correia and Smith, in prep). The catches of the mixed trawl fishery off Rockall Trough and Porcupine Bank in the eastern Atlantic, which consist predominantly of this species and Centroscymnus coelolepis, increased from 302 tonnes in 1991 to 3,284 tonnes in 1996, and then declined to 1,939 tonnes in 1999 (ICES 2000). Although this suggests that the population is declining, this data cannot be directly related to fishing effort and it is therefore possible that fishing effort declined between 1996 and 1999. The French bottom trawl fishery has shown rapidly increasing landings of these species, i.e., 322 tonnes in 1990 and 2,939 tonnes in 1996 (Girard and De Buit 1999). Quantitative catch per unit effort are available for autoline catches in ICES Area VI: 218 (1997) to 24 (2000); 219 (1998) to 42 (2000) = 80 to 90% decline in three years. Area VII: 221(96), 56 (97), 51 (99), 73 (00) = 67 to 77% decline in four years. Area XII: 100 (1999), 78 and 31 (2000) = 20 to 69% decline in one year (SGRST 2002). Although this data is for C. squamosus and Centroscymnus coelolepis combined, the acute vulnerability to exploitation of Centrophorus spp has been shown from the New South Wales (NSW) fishery independent surveys (Graham et al. 2001), and C. squamosus is the more vulnerable of these two species in terms of life history.
Artisanal deep-water longline fisheries in eastern Indonesia, e.g., Java and Bali, also commonly land this species but often in low numbers (W. White, unpubl. data). The catches of this species in Australia and Oceania are relatively low and do not represent a significant component of the squaloid catch in both southeastern Australia and New Zealand, however more data is required.
The flesh and liver are marketed from this species in many areas throughout its range.
|Conservation Actions:
|Detailed quantitative information on catch per unit effort for Centrophorus squamosus throughout its range is required to assess whether CPUE is declining. The only information available on catch rates records tonnage landed annually on Rockall Trough and Porcupine Bank in the eastern Atlantic, but this cannot be related to effort and, thus, cannot be used to determine whether population sizes are decreasing. A stock analysis will be available shortly from the DELASS project in the North East Atlantic. It should also be noted that due to the apparently long lifespan of this species, the recovery of a heavily fished population would probably require a long period of time.
|White, W.T. (SSG Australia & Oceania Regional Workshop, March 2003). 2003. Centrophorus squamosus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2003: e.T41871A10581731. . Downloaded on 21 September 2018.
|To make use of this information, please check the <Terms of Use>.
|If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown on this page, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided


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TPW Server IssuesLime -- Sunday, March 23, 2003 -- 05:54:35 AM
(All users will see what tags exist for a thread. Please tag carefully!)
(Deleted message originally posted by CalGal on Sunday, March 23, 2003 -- 06:18:03 AM.)
I'm going to post the emails that I've been sending to people. If you didn't get the emails, apologies. JuliaM's email address continually rejects mine, unless I get an email from here first.
For those of you who have been reading about our ongoing troubles, you know that I wrote a long letter to them today, but predicted that they'd probably ignore me until they suspended the account again. And by golly, that's just what they did. It is simply not possible that we were using that many resources, and I think they have put too many users on our server. My guess is that they are hoping to inconvenience us into upgrading to half of a server. I'm not opposed to doing that in principle, but I want some evidence that we have actually violated our TOS in some way. They have yet to provide me any response. I'll be calling them on Monday.
My guess is that my furious email will result in service being reinstated with a "warning". Naturally, they began this nonsense on Friday to maximize inconvenience. Lime and I are investigating alternatives, including upgrades. Sorry about this. I'll keep you posted. Once we come back up, please subscribe to Server Issues in MetaForum, which is where I'll post any additional information.
I wrote this yesterday evening, and clearly, I was wrong. They have not responded in any way.
Second email:
Hey, are any of the TPW lawyers around right now? I don't think any of you work in this space, but I'd like an opinion or two. (For those of you who aren't even around this weekend, I apologize for the email).
HostRocket will not even allow us administrative access to our site, including all of our data. Their position right now is that we can't have access to our account at all unless we pay them more money. While they say that we are taking up too many resources, they will offer no evidence that we actually are doing so.
In short, they are saying "Give us more money or we will hold your account hostage." Their position is that they don't have to document why.
I have not said that I won't increase the service (although at this point, I doubt we will).
I realize that anything is possible in the internet world, but my outrage aside, I want to make sure that there isn't some legal sales issue that they are skating near. Otherwise, if I understand this, any web service provider can legally suspend an account, extort more money from the customer who needs their data, and not have to provide any reason for doing so.
In the real world, this would be equivalent to paying for a safe deposit box and not being allowed access to the box until you paid for a bigger box. Or renting an apartment and being locked out until you agreed to pay a higher rent.
They are taking it for granted that I will accept their pretext. However, if they can refuse to document their reason, then they don't need to have any reason, and when money's tight they can just tell their customers to ante up.
It may in fact be legal. But I thought I'd ask around to make sure.
In response to this, several people asked me about the contract. I had already checked--we don't have a contract that I can find. There is no terms of service on their site, and we only got an email from them. Our account says we have the economy plan, and that's all. I'll find the page that describes that.
I'll post some of the emails I have.
Hey! I was assuming there was an actual technical problem because the server was running so slowly. But you think they're just fucking around for more money?
Are you enjoying their "24/7 Emergency Support"?
Messages from Hostrocket:
There is no documentation of what "mysql queries" meant. I have asked them several times, and no answer.
Then they unsuspended us--then resuspended us. This is when I became skeptical, and asked why. There was no way we could have been using that many resources; we had only been up for a short time. The response:
Then we were unsuspended, by a different tech:
I was worried, and have been asking consistently for metrics demonstrating that we were eating up more resources.
I asked again for information documenting that we were using substantially more resources, and got:
I told them to either give us evidence we were using substantially more resources or at least not suspend us again until Monday, when we could resolve this. Response:
I wrote several more times yesterday, asking for more information. No answer. Then we were suspended. The last I heard from them:
Do not EVEN get me started on this.
They were not answering the phones on Friday because "of heavy support volume". From what I understand, they were hacked by something called "Unix Security Guards"--thanks to the TPW member who brought this to my attention.
No. Hostrocket suspended our account. Here are the possibilities:
- We have been using far more resources since Friday, either due to far more users or some out of control process.
- We are using the same amount of resources, they have added far more users to the server.
- We are using the same amount of resources and they've decided that it's time to get more money.
But they were hacked into by the Unix Security Guards, and two of their servers are down. The attack began on either Thursday or Friday. That suggests that they could have moved everyone to a smaller amount of servers, and are just shutting us down because they can.
- They won't even give us admin access to the account. This means we can't get our data.
- I have read from disgruntled ex-customers that hostrocket will wipe out all your data if you tell them you're leaving before you have your account. This could just be shills for other services, but that spooks me.
- It is entirely possible that we need a semi-dedicated server. I am not averse to upgrading, but I am very uncomfortable by the idea that they can just suspend our account and ask for more money.
I suspect they will ignore this, just as they have ignored all of the others. Here is what will probably happen:
- They will ignore all queries and unsuspend us
- They will not document their metrics.
- They will suspend us when they need to again.
Here's what I'm worried will happen:
- They will ignore all queries.
- They won't unsuspend us.
- They will cancel our account.
- They will delete our data.
Hahaha. And Graham.
Actually, I believe that Brendan is the owner or something.
I have reported them to the Better Business Bureau for deceptive sales practices and contract disputes. I doubt it will make a difference, but the base problem--that they want more money without saying why--seems questionable enough that I decided it was worth the time.
And where is everyone, anyway?
I'm here. Had just slipped into withdrawal when I got the email. <g>
I'm here, but I'm researching and emailing a certain lawyer that handles this kind of thing. I've run up against this myself.
A legal nasty gram usually makes bastards like this much more communicative and quick to move.
Many people have asked me about contracts. I can't find any contractual agreement at all, other than the service plan.
A contract would be nice, but there are ways around that if you don't have one.
As many of you know, I save all information religiously. They never sent us a contract. There must have been a TOS when I signed up, but they don't include it.
The TOS are in the HostRocket FAQ. Although I don't understand every word, I don't see anything in there that permits suspension under the conditions that the support emails have described, but they might say it's "abuse", which is mentioned in the first paragraph.


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Possible Bug in assigning AP to users with usernames with $%^/\] characters
i notice to day something really weird i tryed to assigned AP to :-\ and nothing happend no AntiPoints System window popped out but with the other user i had no problem to get the pop up windows could it be because of his username and the characters that the username has? ? ? ? ?
here is a link try it and tell me if it works


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Charisma® Provence Sham & Bedskirt
Overview & Details
- 100% cotton percale bedding from Charisma®.
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- The floral comforter cover, standard sham and king sham all reverse to a blue pin-dot print.
- Comforter / duvet sold separately.
- Blue bed skirt has an 18-inch drop.
- Decorative pillow is filled with 95% feather/5% down.
- Spot cleaning is recommended.
- Dry clean.
- Imported.
Designed with beautifully drawn blooms, this fresh floral cotton percale Provence bedding collection from Charisma® conjures images of a romantic spring in the south of France. The complete Charisma® Provence bedding set is available in a comforter cover, shams, decorative pillow and bed skirt. Combine all the Charisma® bedding elements together for a lovely look that infuses your bedroom with springtime charm year-round. You'll look forward to slipping into your bed every night of the week with our Charisma® Provence bedding set.
Rendered on a ground of crisp white cotton percale, the colorful floral comforter cover and shams reverse to a blue pin-dot print for two stylish looks in one. The Euro sham, bed skirt and decorative pillow all feature a solid blue hue. The combination of sweet florals and crisp blue hues create a designer-inspired look without the designer. After all, updating your bedding is one of the easiest ways to refresh your bedroom's decor. Create the bedroom of your dreams with our Charisma® Provence bedding set.


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Meet this year's Leadership Team judges
Meet the educators from across the suburbs who served as judges for our 2012-2013 Daily Herald Leadership teams. Thanks to all of the judges for helping us recognize these deserving young people.
• The following educators from DuPage County served as judges for the 2012-13 Northwest Suburban Daily Herald Leadership Team.
Daniel Cekay: A guidance counselor at Wheaton North High School, he has worked in education for 29 years, in both Illinois and Florida. He's been a teacher, coach, counselor, administrator and professor. Cekay has bachelor's, masters and doctoral degrees from Northern Illinois University, and a master's degree from Governor's State.
Diane Mercadante: The director of pastoral ministry at St. Francis High School in Wheaton, she has worked in education for eight years, all at St. Francis. Mercadante has a bachelor's degree in pastoral ministries from Dominican University and a master of arts in theology from the Catholic Theological Union.
Kevin Redding: The director of guidance for Addison Trail High School, Redding has a bachelor's degree from University of Illinois, a master's from Lewis University and his administrative certification through Northeastern Illinois. He began teaching special education at Plainfield South High School, then joined Addison Trail as the Special Education counselor. He has overseen the Guidance Department at Addison Trail for the past seven years.
Teri Wood: The director of community relations and community service for Fenton Community High School in Bensenville, Wood also was a community relations coordinator in Villa Park District 45 and has 10 years in school public relations. A graduate of Marquette University, she is a member of the National School Public Relations Association and its Illinois chapter.
• The following educators from the Northwest suburbs served as judges for the DuPage County Leadership Team:
Erin Gorman: A counselor at Bartlett High School, she has a master's in school counseling from National Louis University. After teaching for six years, she joined Elgin Area District U-46 as a guidance counselor four years ago, and is now working on a second master's, in school administration.
Cindi Gustafson: In her eighth year as a counselor and the scholarship/financial aid coordinator at East Leyden High School in Franklin Park, Gustafson also serves as a co-sponsor for the Class of 2016 club. Prior to working as a school counselor, she worked in college admissions for five years.
Barbara Meyer: A French teacher at Buffalo Grove High School, she also is the school's coordinator of clubs and activities. She has taught both French and Spanish, coached cheerleading and poms, been a class board sponsor and provides guidance to the student leaders of the French Club.
Michele Napier: A counselor at Schaumburg High School, she has a bachelor's in psychology, a master's in Human Resources and Industrial Relations and a master's in school counseling. Napier had a 10-year career in the telecommunications industry before coming to education.
• The following educators from Lake County served as judges for the Fox Valley Daily Herald Leadership Team:
Amy Belstra: In her third year as college counselor at Libertyville High School, Belstra worked in college admissions for 12 years before moving to the high school side, where she has been for 13 years. She has a bachelor of arts in English literature from Hope College and a master of arts in counseling psychology from the University of Colorado.
DeAnn Firnbach: A school counselor at Vernon Hills High School, she received her master's degree from Roosevelt University and has been with District 128 for 19 years.
Elisa Mascorro: A Spanish teacher at Woodlands Academy of the Sacred Heart in Lake Forest, Mascorro is also chairwoman of the International Languages department and coordinator of community service. She has a bachelor's from Marquette University and two master's from Loyola University.
• The following educators from the Fox Valley area served as judges for the 2012-13 Lake County Leadership Team.
Chris Columbaro: Ten years ago he started with Community Unit District 300 as a music educator at Liberty Elementary. After getting a master's in educational Leadership from the University of Illinois, he headed the Fine Arts/World Language Divisions at Dundee-Crown High School before his current role, Associate Principal of Curriculum and Instruction.
Marnie Heim: An English teacher at Batavia High School since 2001, over the course of her career she has taught mainly sophomores and seniors, including AP Literature and Composition. Marnie has been a reader of the yearly AP exam in Louisville, and has presented at conferences, including the Illinois Association for the Teachers of English Fall Conference and the Connections Conference held annually at Pheasant Run in St. Charles.
Karen Miller: A counselor at Huntley High School for 10 years, she also is the senior class adviser, a speech team coach and the Tier 2 coach for the PBIS Program. Volunteerism plays an important role in her life, and besides volunteering herself she encourages her students to get involved within the school and community.
Kerry O'Brien: Part of the faculty of St. Edward Central Catholic High School for 11 years, he is currently Head of Counseling Services. He graduated from Fordham University with a bachelor of arts in English and got his master's in the art of teaching from National-Louis University. O'Brien also was a Peace Corps volunteer in Costa Rica.


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Fancy smelling like James Bond? No, it's not some clever olfactory disguise devised by the inimitable Q, but rather a new men's aftershave called 007 from P&G launching exclusively online and in-store at Harrods from 15th August 2012.
Harking back to the Fougere perfumes of the 1960s (arguably the first "hero scent" range for men), the 007 Fragrance "flawlessly combines irresistible sophistication with uncompromising masculinity […]culminating in a robust signature scent which embodies the duality of Bond."
Ingredients include the strong vetyver, blended with lavender and apple, all packed in a glass flacon bottle as sleek as some of Bond's motors.
"It has been an exciting experience coming together and working with P&G to create the debut James Bond fragrance," said Keith Snelgrove, global business director of James Bond's production house EON.
"This is a special year for 007, and we are thrilled to launch this distinctive and sophisticated scent during Bond's 50th anniversary year."
Expect to pay £32 for 75ml bottle and £42 foe a 125ml bottle.


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- Inside Athletics
- Tickets
- Fan Zone
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- Social
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- E Fund
JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (March 20, 2010) - Despite a pair of good pitching performances the ETSU softball team failed to find any type of offensive rhythm as visiting Presbyterian College swept both games of Saturday's doubleheader at Lady Buc Field in Johnson City, Tenn.
The Blue Hose took game one 4-0 and then rallied past ETSU 3-1 in the nightcap. With the two losses the Lady Bucs dropped to 9-18 on the season, while PC improved to 10-5.
Presbyterian quickly jumped out front as third baseman Taylor Staten blasted a Jessica Duncan (Ooltewah, Tenn.) changeup over the left field fence, which gave PC a 2-0 lead in the top of the first.
ETSU fought back in the bottom half of the inning as senior Katy Jett (Talbott, Tenn.) led a two-out rally as she singled through the left side for the Lady Bucs first hit of the day. After senior catcher Trisha Massenzo (Russellville, Tenn.) singled and junior third baseman Katie Henderson (Jackson, Tenn.) was hit by starter Leslie Hensley, the Blue Hose sophomore worked out of the jam as Marlina Delisa (Tucson, Ariz.) flew out to right to end the threat.
PC added to its tally an inning later as Morgan Durham singled to left for the 3-0 advantage.
Three innings later the Blue Hose weren't done at the plate as Rachel Parker parked a sole shot over the centerfield wall, pushing the PC lead to 4-0.
The Lady Bucs best opportunity came in the bottom of the seventh as ETSU put a pair of runners on with two outs. Unfortunately for the Lady Bucs any comeback chance faded fast as Hensley forced leftfielder Lucy Schneider (Dade City, Fla.) to ground out to short ending the rally and game.
Taking the win for the Blue Hose was Hensley (4-2), who worked the complete game shutout after giving up only six hits, while striking out five.
Duncan (5-5) took the loss for ETSU after she gave up four runs, on eight hits, while striking out eight.
The Lady Bucs got on the board first as Jett singled home senior shortstop Cheniece Cason (Moreno Valley, Calif.) in the bottom of the first inning giving ETSU a quick 1-0 lead.
Looking to slow down Presbyterian's hot bats ETSU starter Shelby Morris (Mt. Juliet, Tenn.) did exactly that throughout the first six innings. The sophomore starter took a one-hitter into the top of the seventh as ETSU held the one run advantage heading into the frame.
After Morris gave up a leadoff walk to Rachel Parker to start the last inning, Brittany Howell advanced her teammate with a sacrifice bunt to ETSU catcher Katie Henderson. Pinch hitter Katie Anderson then tied the score at 1-1 as she ripped a single up the middle, scoring Kalya Handy, who pinch ran for Parker.
With Anderson on first, Krysten Handy then doubled off the left field fence, which advanced both girls into scoring position. Two pitches later PC took its first lead of game as Henderson allowed a pass ball, which scored Anderson from third.
Rachel Hopper then delivered the Blue Hose an insurance run with a deep fly ball to left, which scored Handy, who advanced to third on the previous miscue by the Lady Bucs.
After Morgan Durham walked, senior Darci Gillbert (Murfreesboro, Tenn.) ended the frame by striking out Amanda Miller on four pitches.
In the bottom of the inning ETSU's comeback chance stayed alive after Schneider reached on a fielder's choice and Jett walked, giving the Lady Bucs the tying run on first with two outs. However, after PC starter Mary Gordon was pulled for Leslie Hensley, the game one starter closed out the contest as Massenzo popped out to third baseman Taylor Staten in foul territory
With its four-game homestand now ended ETSU returns to diamond as they open Atlantic Sun Conference action with a 3 p.m. contest next Friday at No. 24 Lipscomb.
For more information on the ETSU softball team please visit www.ETSUBucs.com.


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Philosophy (literally 'love of wisdom', from the Ancient Greek word φιλοσοφία (philosophía), which comes from φίλος (phílos) and σοφία (sophía), meaning friend/lover and wisdom respectively) is an academic discipline concerned with the most fundamental and general concepts and principles involved in thought, action, and reality. Philosophy progresses according to various methods of rational inquiry.
Philosophy is accurately described as both the first science and the "Queen of the Sciences". Until the late 19th century, what is now called "science" was subsumed under natural philosophy.
Philosophy in the West has its origins in Ancient Greece, ca. 600 B.C. After the fall of the Roman Empire, much of Greek philosophy was lost to the West, preserved only in the Arab world until the time of the Crusades and the Moorish conquest of Spain. Contact with Arab philosophers (especially al-Ghazali, who developed a version of the Cosmological argument and wrote more than 70 books, ibn Rushd, and ibn Sina) kick-started the largely dormant philosophical tradition in Europe, beginning the "Academic period", which ended with Descartes and the beginning of the Enlightenment. The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw a major split between Analytic philosophy (or Anglophone philosophy) and Continental philosophy. This divide can be traced back to the late 19th century and a split in focus between Gottlob Frege and the intellectual descendants of Friedrich Hegel.
The main branches of philosophy are Metaphysics, which is (broadly speaking) the study of what-is; Ethics, the study of correct action; Logic, the rules (both formal and informal) of reason; Epistemology, the study of knowledge, and Aesthetics, the study of the nature of beauty and the artistic criteria of judgment. Notable sub-branches include Philosophy of Science, Philosophy of language, Philosophy of Religion, Political Philosophy, and Philosophy of mind.
- 1 Branches of Analytic Philosophy
- 2 History of Philosophy
- 2.1 Greek Philosophy
- 2.2 Medieval era
- 2.3 Modern era
- 2.4 The Twentieth Century
- 2.5 American Philosophy
- 3 Eastern Philosophy
- 4 See also
- 5 External links
- 6 References
Branches of Analytic Philosophy
Broadly speaking, there are a number of topics one would expect to fall under the title Philosophy:
- Logic: The analysis of terms, propositions and the principles of reasoning
- Metaphysics: The analysis of concepts which transcend physical science, including the Philosophy of mind.
- Epistemology: The analysis of the nature of knowledge, how we know, and what we can and cannot know.
- Ethics: The analysis of the nature of morality and morals, how and why we determine right from wrong.
- Political Philosophy: The analysis of the nature of the human public sphere, which one may consider the ethics of the way society is arranged.
- Philosophy of Science: The analysis of scientific concepts and methodology, which concerns itself mostly with the foundations of science, and interdisciplinary areas.
- Aesthetics: The analysis of the nature and experience of art and beauty.
History of Philosophy
Conventionally the History of Western Philosophy is divided into four eras: Ancient, Medieval, Modern and Contemporary.
The Ancient era starts with the Presocratic philosophers and goes until the fall of the Roman empire; The Medieval goes until the end of the Middle Ages; The Modern up to the 20th century, and The Contemporary up to present.
Frederick Copleston, S.J. (April 10, 1907 - February 3, 1994) was a Jesuit scholar who wrote the highly respected 9 volume History of Philosophy.
Greek Philosophy
Philosophy in the West begins with Thales of Miletus, who was the first astronomer in recorded history to accurately predict a solar eclipse. The Milesian School founded by Thales included Anaxagoras, Anaximander, and Anaximenes. It was Pythagoras (ca. 582 - 504 BC) who first brought Philosophy into connection with practical life; he also gave Philosophy its name "the love of wisdom". Closely related to Milesianis is the work of Heraclitus of Ephesus. Around the time of Heraclitus, Parmenides of Elea, with his pupil Zeno, raised some serious objections to the project of Milesian philosophy. These objections laid the groundwork for Socrates and his pupil Plato, and Aristotle, as well as the Atomists, Democritus and Leucippus. After the Greek philosophical golden age other systems appeared, like Cynicism, Stoicism, Epicureanism and Skepticism. At the closing period of Greek philosophy Neoplatonism was founded by Plotinus of Lycopolis. Parmenides' thoughts influenced Plato and through him, all western philosophy. While Plato's dialogues are among the supreme philosophical works of the western tradition, it was Parmenides who established the implicit framework of their debates. [1]
Saint Augustine (354-430 A.D.), carrying some traces of Plato, has been of momentous importance in the development of Christian thought.
It was Plato, who made idea a technical term in philosophy, suggesting a world of abstract ideas idealism; Aristotle on the contrary, shows the real that dwells in the objects of sense; he thought that the natural world needed to be studied and observed for knowledge to be gained. His theory of act and potentiality, of form and matter, is a new solution of the relations between the permanent and the changing; following the first attempts of the Presocratic Philosophy that conducted to Materialism, Aristotle reproaches the Ionian philosophers in general with attempting to explain the evolution of the world without the Nous (intelligence); he regarded Protagoras, who first introduced a spiritual principle, as a sober man among the inebriated. [2]
Since that age up to present days, idealism and materialism have been the two main tendencies in the field of philosophy.
Medieval era
In the West, until the twelfth century, little was known of Plato and Aristotle, except a few dialogues and some treatises on logic. St. Anselm (1O33-1109) made a first attempt at systematizing Scholastic philosophy. Some decades later, the Arabic and Byzantine thinkers entered into relation with Western culture, and affecting a philosophical revival; Al-Ghazali, founder of the Ash'ari school of Atomism, entered Europe through ibn Rushd; translations of the ancient authors were made and the philosophical works of ibn Sina and ibn Rushd became better known. In the thirteenth century important names appeared like: Maimonides, Alexander of Hales (ca. 1185 - 1245), St. Bonaventure, Albertus Magnus, Roger Bacon, St. Thomas Aquinas, and in the following century: William of Occam, Eckhart and Nicholas of Cusa, and later, Thomas More and Grotius. (cf: Ibidem Catholic Encyclopedia.)
Classifications of Philosophy in this period are mostly akin to the Platonic division into logic, ethics, and physics.
Modern era
The main figures from this era are: Thomas Hobbes, Rene Descartes , Gottfried Leibniz, David Hume, Immanuel Kant, Arthur Schopenhauer, Auguste Comte, John Stuart Mill, Herbert Spencer, Karl Marx and Friedrich Nietzsche.
Dividing Philosophy Kant, distinguishes metaphysics, moral philosophy, religion, and anthropology.
The most widely accepted scheme, that which still governs the division of the branches of philosophy is due to Christian Wolff (1679-1755):
This scheme is as follows:
1. Logic. 2. Speculative Philosophy.
- Ontology, or General Metaphysics.
- Special Metaphysics.
- o Theodicy (the study of God).
- o Cosmology (the study of the World).
- o Psychology (the study of Man).
3. Practical Philosophy.
- Ethics
- Politics
- Economics
(cf: Ibidem)
- All the interests of my reason, speculative as well as practical, combine in the three following questions:
- 1. What can I know? 2. What ought I to do? 3. What may I hope? Immanuel Kant.
The Twentieth Century
This century has offered a wide diversity of orientations. The best known are the French school of Existentialism, the German study of linked Phenomenology, the Positivists of the Vienna Circle, and the post-Positivist Analytic movement.
The earliest existentialist was the Christian philosopher Søren Kierkegaard. Other prominent existentialists include Henri Bergson (1859 – 1941), winner of the 1927 Nobel Prize in Literature, Karl Jaspers, and the noted philosopher, playwright, and novelist Jean-Paul Sartre (1905 – 1980).
Phenomenology and Hermeneutics
Edmund Husserl (1859 – 1938) founder of phenomenology, Martin Heidegger (1889 – 1976), and Hans-Georg Gadamer (1900-2002) are the core writers here.
Logical Positivists
The Vienna Circle philosophers, most notably Moritz Schlick, Rudolf Carnap, Herbert Feigl, the famous mathematician Kurt Godel, and Otto Neurath established a rigorous tradition called "Logical Empiricism", but usually referred to as logical positivism. This tradition, a stricter development of Auguste Comte's positivism, is no longer an active research program, unlike Existentialism and Phenomenology.
Often thought of as a logical positivist Karl Popper was in fact a fierce critic.
Structuralism is a theory that uses culturally interconnected signs to reconstruct systems of relationships rather than studying isolated, material things in themselves, with proponents such as Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure (1857 – 1913), Russian linguist Roman Jakobson (1896 – 1982), French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss (1908 – 2009 ), French literary critic Roland Barthes (1915 – 1980), and French philosopher and historian Michel Foucault (1926 – 1984). Foucault, who is often classified as a post-structuralist, is renowned for historical studies that reveal the sometimes morally disturbing power relations inherent in social practices.[3]
The Frankfurt School, a group of researchers associated with the Institut für Sozialforschung (Institute of Social Research), founded in 1923 as an autonomous division of the University of Frankfurt; members were Max Horkheimer, Theodor Wiesengrund Adorno, his friend Walter Benjamin (1892 – 1940), a German essayist and critic known for his synthesis of eccentric Marxist theory and Jewish messianism and Herbert Marcuse (1898 – 1979).[4] Jürgen Habermas (1929-), a critic of Positivism is the most famous German professor of the tradition of critical theory.
British philosophers from the beginning of the 20. Century are: George Edward Moore (1873 – 1958), Bertrand Russell (1872 – 1970), philosopher, mathematician, and social reformer, and the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889 – 1951), who taught in Cambridge.
Surge of theistic philosophers in latter part of 20th century
In the latter half of the 20th century, theism made revolutionary advances within philosophy in terms of its influence within Anglo-American philosophy.[5] The majority of philosophers of religion, or those who have extensively studied the issue of the existence of God, are theists - about 70 percent.[6]
In 2001, the atheist and philosopher Quentin Smith declared:
|Naturalists [atheists] passively watched as realist versions of theism … began to sweep through the philosophical community, until today perhaps one-quarter or one-third of philosophy professors are theists, with most being orthodox Christians…. God is not 'dead' in academia; he returned to life in the 1960's and is now alive and well in his last academic stronghold, philosophy departments."[7]
In 2004, Professor Alister McGrath, professor of historical theology at Wycliffe Hall, Oxford University declared, "The golden age of atheism is over."[8] McGrath is an ex-atheiest.
American Philosophy
For a more detailed treatment, see American Enlightenment.
Some scholars have said that American philosophers' focus on the interconnections of theory and practice, on experience and community, but different concerns and themes have waxed or waned at different times. Through the middle of the 20th century, at least, American philosophers were actively engaged in shaping and reflecting the development of American culture.[9]
For a more detailed treatment, see Transcendentalism.
Founded by Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803 - 1882) who became the most widely known man of letters in America in the 19th century. Transcendentalism, of which Emerson was the leading figure, resembled British Romanticism in its precept that a fundamental continuity exists between man, nature, and God, or the divine... Matter and spirit are not opposed. [10]
Main figures are: Charles Peirce (1839-1914), William James (1842-1910), John Dewey (1859-1952), and Richard Rorty (1931-2007).
Philosophy of Religion
The best-known American philosopher of religion is without a doubt Alvin Plantinga (1932- ) at the University of Notre Dame; also well-known are John Hick (1922- ), who, though born in England, did much of his work at Claremont University in southern California, and professor William Alston (1921- ) working at Syracuse University.
Analytic Philosophers
America has produced a great many philosophers in the Analytic tradition. A brief list of notables:
- W.V.O. Quine
- Donald Davidson
- Saul Kripke
- John Searle
- Paul Grice
- Richard Montague
- Hilary Putnam
- Nelson Goodman
- Kit Fine
- Ted Sider
- Robert Stalnaker
- Daniel Dennett
Especially well known to non-philosophers is John Rawls (1921 - 2002) (political and moral philosophy) author of A Theory of Justice (1971), Political Liberalism (1993), The Law of Peoples (1999), and Justice as Fairness: A Restatement (2001).
Eastern Philosophy
Eastern Philosophy comprises mainly the thought of: Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, Taoism, Islamism and Jainism. Some scholars include Ayurveda, Babylonian philosophy and Korean philosophy.
See also
- Greek Philosophy
- Greek philosophers
- Indian Philosophy
- Indian Philosophers
- Agnosticism
- Empiricism
- Atheism and belief
External links
- History of Philosophy
- History of Philosophy - Resources
- A History of American Philosophy Book by Herbert W. Schneider.
- Edited versions of important texts in philosophy.
- ↑ Parmenides by Raymond Tallis
- ↑ Philosophy Catholic Encyclopedia.
- ↑ Structuralism
- ↑ Philosophy
- ↑ Debate - Michael Payton vs William Lane Craig - Does God Exist - 2009
- ↑ Does it matter that many scientists are atheists?
- ↑ Theistic critiques of atheism by William Lane Craig
- ↑ http://www.sbcbaptistpress.org/bpnews.asp?ID=18837
- ↑ American Philosophy
- ↑ Ralph Waldo Emerson


text:
The school district paid a contractor $147,440 to demolish Red Rock Elementary through a publicly advertised, competitive bid process. The majority of the "…cost of over $311,000," was spent in abating hazardous material, i.e., asbestos.
In a short amount of time, the vacant RRE was a target for vandals. There were several entry points, i.e., broken windows and doors boarded up by the district and re-broken, where vandals were in fact entering the vacant building and causing damage – their graffiti messages were "colorful," to say the least. Since school districts are self-insured through the state, one can only speculate at the cost to taxpayers for settling a claim brought by a vandal that was injured in the course of occupying, by whatever means, this vacated building owned by the school district.
The $750,000 value quoted as being spent on "upgrading parking lots and soccer bleachers" is actually being spent to provide a new 100-plus space parking lot, a tiered grass seating area at the southeast corner of the soccer field and a new toilet/storage/concession building – all accessible to persons with disabilities. These new facilities will serve soccer game spectators and visitors to the high school site. Previously, game spectators were provided with a porta-potty for sanitary needs and graduation visitors unable to find space in the high school parking lot had to park in neighboring subdivisions or undeveloped dirt fields.
Yes, teachers teach, but buildings (and even site improvements) facilitate our children's education experience. Please consider this too when you vote.
—Jim Dresslar


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text:
One thing to know about our club
We are the Books By Women Group (BBW) at Fourth Presbyterian Church in Chicago. In 1991, women in leadership positions at the church felt there was a need to support women authors. Since then, the BBW has met once a month from September to June.
Attendance at our meetings
We've had a steady flow of new members; older members appreciate the fresh viewpoints. Attendance ranges from 12 to 30.
We loved
"Paris Without End: A True Story of Hemingway and His First Wife" by Gioia Diliberto. We enjoyed the author's extensive research, which included listening to recordings of Hadley's life with Ernest and interviewing Jack Hemingway, their son. She also studied thousands of letters that Hadley wrote to Ernest and visited places where the couple lived in Paris and Oak Park. We were lucky to have Diliberto attend a meeting.
Other books we enjoyed
"The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks" by Rebecca Skloot, "Snow Flower and the Secret Fan" by Lisa See, "People of the Book" by Geraldine Brooks, "Sarah's Key" by Tatiana de Rosnay, "Wolf Hall" by Hilary Mantel, "Olive Kitteridge" by Elizabeth Strout, "The Elegance of the Hedgehog" by Muriel Barbery and "Loving Frank" by Nancy Horan.
Next up
"The Lady in Gold" by Anne-Marie O'Connor and "Prague Winter: A Personal Story of Remembrance and War, 1937-1948" by Madeleine Albright. To learn more about our group, visit fourthchurch.org/women.
Tell us about your favorite readers at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
DEPRESSION is TREATABLE!! Yes. In most cases, depression resolves with treatment. Often times, it can be difficult to overcome depression on your own. Personal counseling can be effective in treating depression, and professional counselors can help you learn how to decrease the odds of a recurrence. Anti-depressant medication is also effective. Counseling in combination with medication is often advised.
The experience of depression varies widely from person to person. You may have some or all of these symptoms. They may occur after a significant loss, or they may occur out of the blue, for no apparent reason. Unlike ordinary sadness or grief, depression lasts longer (more than 2 weeks), is more pervasive, and often comes with negative feelings about oneself.
Behavioral Symptoms
- Changes in appetite that result in weight losses or gains not related to dieting
- Loss of energy or increased fatigue
- Restlessness or irritability
- Difficulty concentrating, thinking, or making decisions
- No longer interested in things that used to interest you
- Insomnia or sleeping too much
Emotional Symptoms
- Feeling sad or empty
- Hopeless; helplessness
- Pessimistic, anxious, angry, negative
- Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
- Thoughts of death or suicide or attempt at suicide
Physical Symptoms
Some people report that their body physically hurts when they are depressed. Here are some possible physical symptoms of depression.
- Chest aches
- Pain deep inside the heart
- Jaws clenched
- Headache
- Stomachache
- Heaviness in limbs
- Fainting spells
Our Culture influences how we may experience depression or describe its symptoms. Below are examples of different symptoms related to depression and the culture with which it is most likely associated.
- Sadness/guilt (U.S. & Western European)
- Somatic/bodily complaints (Asian)
- "Nerves" and headaches (Latino & Mediterranean)
- Weakness, tiredness, "imbalance" (Asian)
- Problems of the "heart" (Middle Eastern)
- Being "heartbroken" (Hopi)
Possible Contributors to Depression
Environmental or Situational Factors
- Financial problems
- Being victimized
- Relationship breakup
- Death of family/friends
- Racism, sexism, heterosexism, or oppression of any kind
- Problems with school work
- Unhealthy diet
- Alcohol/drug use
- Lack of exercise
- Negative self-talk; catastrophic thinking
- Self criticism
Biological/Physical/Medical Factors
- Genetic predisposition
- Chemical imbalances
- Dealing with illness or infection
- Sleep deprivation
Some medical causes that could mimic depression or contribute to depression:
- Malfunctioning thyroid
- Allergies
- Chronic health problems
- Drug/alcohol abuse or dependence
Strategies For Coping With Depression
- Develop effective stress management and time management skills.
- Develop and use a support system.
- Get regular exercise and sufficient sleep.
- Eat healthy and balanced diet.
- Be aware of your emotions.
- Build a positive attitude.
- Structure your day to include ways to take care of yourself.
- Clarify your value system and examine whether you are living according to your values.
- Get professional help (psychotherapy, psychiatry).
- Anti-depressant medication.
How does counseling help people recover from depression?
Counselors help people to identify the possible causes of depression and to deal effectively with the psychological, behavioral, interpersonal and situational causes. Skilled counselors such as licensed psychologists can work with you to:
- Pinpoint the life problems that contribute to your depression, and help you understand which aspects of those problems you may be able to solve or improve.
- Identify realistic goals that allow you to improve your well-being.
- Help you regain a sense of control and pleasure in life. Counseling helps you see choices as well as gradually incorporate enjoyable, fulfilling activities back into your life.
There is evidence that ongoing personal counseling may decrease the chance of future
episodes of depression or reduce their intensity.
The support and involvement of family and friends can play a crucial role. Those in your "support system" can help by encouraging you to stick with treatment and to practice the coping techniques and problem-solving skills learned through counseling.
Use of anti-depressant medications
Antidepressant medications can lead to improvement in the symptoms of depression. In addition to improving mood and problems with enjoyment of life, these medications work to improve sleep, regulate appetite, improve concentration and help increase energy levels. They also help decrease or eliminate feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness, as well as suicidal thoughts. One anti-depressant may be more effective or better tolerated than another for any given person. You must take them regularly as prescribed in order to maintain benefit. It is generally recommended that, if an anti-depressant is effective, it be taken for several months. This is because there is a high probability that depression will recur if the medication is stopped sooner. Anti-depressants are not addictive. They usually maintain their effectiveness over time, but they should be used in conjunction with regular psychotherapy.
Will I become a different person if I take medication?
No. Most people who take antidepressants are happy to feel like themselves again. If you have been depressed for so long, you may have trouble remembering what it's like not to feel that way. By contrast, you may find it unusual to experience happiness or pleasure.
Is it a sign of weakness to be in therapy or to take anti-depressant medication?
No. As with any serious illness, dealing with depression takes great personal strength. Nonetheless, you may be exposed to negative attitudes about psychotherapy and anti-depressant medications, which vary among individuals and cultures. Many students have found it helpful to take the perspective that medication and seeking help are forms of treatment for depression, just as seeking a physician may be helpful to treat allergies, asthma, infections, or diabetes. Although no one welcomes the presence of illness in their life, treatment such as psychotherapy and medication can serve to limit or eliminate the impact of illness, freeing you to direct your energy more fully toward your personal goals.
Issues to discuss with your healthcare provider
It is important to minimize your use of alcohol and/or other recreational drugs when on antidepressant medication. The best alternative is to avoid use of these substances altogether. Your healthcare provider needs to know what other medications (prescription or over the counter) or herbal supplements you are taking, and whether you have other medical conditions. It is also important to communicate all medical history, including eating disorders, as these conditions can influence decisions about treatment.
If you need help:
Come to Counseling and Psychological Services (CAPS) in the Student Wellness Center, Room 300B, to see one of our professional counselors. You can also discuss a possible referral to a psychiatrist for medication evaluations. If your academics are negatively impacted, we also have educational counselors who may help with your educational performance, time management skills, etc. Our personal counselors are available for appointments and walk in crisis counseling. Please call us at 408-924-5910 to schedule an appointment or for more information.
SJSU Campus Resources For Emotional and Physical Health:
- Counseling and Psychological Services (CAPS)
Student Wellness Center, Room 300B
- Student Health Center
Student Wellness Center
- Nutrition Counseling
Student Health Building
- Psychiatric Services
Through CAPS
Student Wellness Center, Room 300B
- After Hours Advice Nurse
Off-Campus Resources
- Bay Area Self Help Line
- CountySuicide& Crisis Line
Disclaimer: This written information is not intended as a substitute for medical or mental health care advice. Please be sure to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with a professional staff.


text:
September 07. 2013 7:19PM
Father, daughter hurt in Jaffrey motorcycle crash
JAFFREY — A man and his young daughter were hurt in a motorcycle crash on Mountain Road Saturday afternoon.
Lt. Terry Choate of Jaffrey police said the crash happened near Milliken Road on a "tight curve" that has been the scene of frequent accidents in the past. "It looks like he went off the road and just lost control."
The identity of the two victims was not released Saturday.
The man, who was not wearing a helmet, was more seriously injured and was flown by helicopter to Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center. His daughter was wearing a helmet; she was taken by ambulance to Monadnock Community Hospital in Peterborough for evaluation.
The crash happened shortly after 4:30 p.m. as the motorcyclist was heading east on Mountain Road, which is also Route 124.


text:
University of Missouri
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MU Extension > calendar
Professional development events
This event has been canceled. Home Food Preservation Workshop Series (Session 3 of 3)
Friday, Aug. 29, 2014, 10 a.m. to noon
Christian Life Center of Webster Hills UMC1333 W Lockwood Ave, Saint Louis MO map...
Session topic:
"How to Pickle"- Making and Preserving Pickled product
To register, contact the St. Louis County Extension Center at 314-400-7298.
Class size:
Event full:
Damaris Karanja, email@example.com Extension in St. Louis Countyphone: 314-400-7298
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text:
Big Lots (NYSE:BIG) is a U.S. off-price retailer that sells everything from food and clothes to furniture and appliances. Specifically, it is a closeout retailer -- it purchases merchandise, at very low prices, directly from vendors that result from production overruns, packaging changes, discontinued products, liquidations, or returns -- and thus is able to offer products at much lower prices than traditional discount retailers like Dollar Tree Stores (DLTR). The company is also able to acquire merchandise from brand name retailers and appeals not only to the lower-class but also price-conscious middle-class consumers.
Big Lots is somewhat shielded from the negative impacts of tough economic times by its position as a niche market retailer for thrift-minded middle-class consumers who put emphasis on quality and value. During economic slowdowns, discount stores like Big Lots typically have an influx of customers looking to save money. Big Lots faces the challenge of maintaining and strengthening the customer base it gained during the recession.
Big Lots is a national retailer of closeout merchandise that results from production overruns, packaging changes, discontinuation of products, liquidations, and returns. The company's business model is organized into two distinct and important steps. The first step is to find and maintain a steady supply of closeout merchandise. Due to the nature of closeout merchandise, BIG has formed important arrangements with top vendors to ensure that its store are stocked with merchandise from all categories. The second step is to price significantly below general and other discount retailers to appeal to value-minded consumers interested in purchasing brand-name merchandise at a large discount.
Big Lots sells closeout merchandise from different retail categories, including:
During slow economic times, big brand retail stores struggle getting merchandise off store shelves, and many of them are left with excess inventory. Additionally, retailers that go bankrupt, like Circuit City Stores (CCTYQ), Linens n' Things, and KB Toys, enter liquidation during which they are looking to get rid of their merchandise by any means necessary. During the recession, both of these occurrences were highly advantageous for Big Lots because it relies on finding sources of closeout merchandise from brand-name retailers to maintain its store inventory of discounted goods. Furthermore, as general retailers and bankrupt companies were eager to clear out excess merchandise, Big Lots was be able to purchase closeout merchandise at lower prices, reducing cost and increasing profit margins. A strong economy means that retailers will have less trouble getting items off store shelves and fewer of them will go bankrupt. If Big Lots isn't able to provide its customers with quality items at low enough prices, the company's bottom line would be negatively impacted.
Big Lots purchases a quarter of its merchandise directly from foreign vendors (most coming from Chinese vendors). A substantial portion of the merchandise Big Lots purchases domestically are also originally supplied by overseas vendors. As the value of the dollar fluctuates against foreign currencies, especially the Chinese yuan, Big Lots risks decreases in its profit margins, since the cost of acquiring merchandise from overseas vendors will increase if the dollar weakens relative to foreign currencies.
Big Lots is a discount retailer that competes with other stores that have similar business models. Thus, Big Lots faces direct competition from dollar-store chains, such as Family Dollar Stores (FDO) and Dollar Tree Stores, that sell many products are very low prices.
As a discount retailer, Big Lots also faces significant competition from big-box sellers, such as Wal-Mart Stores (WMT) and Target (TGT), whose enormous scale allows each to extract value in their inventory purchases and pass these savings on to consumers. With an average square footage per store of 29,800 sq. ft., Big Lots stores are smaller than Wal-Mart's or Target's, but larger than comparable dollar discount retailers. In some sense, it is more nimble and less concentrated than big-box competitors, but does not necessarily enjoy the same economies of scale (though, as a large closeout discount retailer, it has some).


text: Emmet's is a small gun dealership run by Emmet and located in Willowfield. The store runs in opposition to Ammu-Nation, located across the street, and is frequented by members of the Grove Street Families, in particular the Seville Boulevard Family. Oddly, however, the dealership is located in Ballas territory. Emmet's only sells old weapons, as opposed to Ammu-Nation. During the mission Nines and AKs, Carl Johnson and Big Smoke take shooting practice at Emmet's. After the mission, a pistol spawns at Emmet's.


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Palo Verde is located within the Palo Verde National Park on the Pacific slopes of Guanacaste Province in northwestern Costa Rica (10° 21' N, 85° 21 W). The 19,000-hectare park has seasonally dry forest on limestone outcrops and extensive wetland vegetation bordering the Tempisque River that flows into the Gulf of Nicoya.
This area includes some of the best patches of dry forest remaining in Central America, with giant pochote, cedro, and guanacaste trees. The freshwater marsh in front of the Station is an important feeding ground for 60 species of resident and migratory water birds. Within the marsh, such species as the black-bellied whistling duck and the blue-winged teal have been observed by the thousands. The Park is also a principal wintering ground for many neotropical migrants, including hummingbirds, flycatchers, warblers, tanagers, orioles, vireos, owls, and falcons. The mammal fauna is equally rich and visible, particularly during the dry season when peccaries, armadillos, jaguarundis, coatis, agoutis, deer, and monkeys are attracted to the water holes.
The Station has modest accommodations for course groups and researchers. Water is piped in from a deep well and electricity is available, while cellular telephone with e-mail access provide a degree of twenty one-century conveniences.
Palo Verde Biological Station is located in Guanacaste, 1 hour southwest of Bagaces on an unpaved road (28 km, 17 miles); from San José, it is 4-1/2 hours; from Puntarenas, 3 hours; and from Liberia, 1-1/2 hours. To get there, take Route I (Carretera Interamericana) north from San José (follow signs towards Nicaragua) to Bagaces. Once you arrive at Bagaces, go west on the unpaved road opposite to the gas station. The gravel road is rough and requires slow travel. You will encounter several forks in the road, follow signs to Refugio de Fauna Silvestre, which is the more heavily used road. Public buses that go from San José to Bagaces and beyond leave from several points in San José. It is important to tell the bus driver to stop at Bagaces. From there, you can arrange for a taxi to take you to Palo Verde, or call the Station in advance to have OTS personnel pick you up in Bagaces.