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Selling your property
10. Prepare for occupancy
Sometimes, occupancy starts directly at the notary. Otherwise, that gives you a few days to move. Following our coaches' advice will ensure that this final step goes smoothly.
1. Remember the date and time of occupancy
The date and time of occupancy is when the buyer has full right to access his/her new property. If you've agreed on a date but not on a time, then the buyer has the legal right to take possession at one second past midnight on the specified date.
2. Prepare for your move
The property must be empty to permit occupancy, so make sure you hire reliable movers.
3. Cancel or transfer all your utilities
If you haven't already, cancel or transfer your utilities: electricity, landline, cable, Internet, etc. Remember to inform any services you subscribe to of your new address.
Important: Hang onto your mandatory insurance!
If the date of occupancy is after the date of sale, make sure not to cancel or transfer your mandatory insurance until after occupancy. Otherwise, if something happens to the property, you could be held responsible for the costs of any damages incurred, which could be as much as the building's value.
Talk to your notary.
4. Transfer the property to the buyer in the same condition as when you sold it
After signing the deed of sale at the notary, the property legally no longer belongs to you, even if you're temporarily living there. You must ensure that the property is in the same condition as it was when the buyer last visited it before signing the deed of sale. You must compensate the buyer for any damages incurred between the signing of the deed of sale and occupancy.
5. Give all documents to the buyer
Leave the buyer an envelope with all relevant documents such as user manuals and warrantees for different electrical appliances included in the sale. Also remember to leave the garage remote control, all keys (including the one for the mailbox) still in your possession, and any object or information that could be useful to the owner. You won't need them anymore!
When you finally do leave and lock the door for the last time, you will have achieved your goal: you will have finalized the sale of your property. Congratulations!


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Best Video Production Companies of 2018
Finding a video production company that can provide your business with the level of quality your brand deserves, comparing quotes becomes crucial to finding the best firm with competitive prices that won't break the bank.
We've gathered information on the top 10 video agencies including user reviews and buying tips and made it easy to find the best price from companies in your area.
Top Video Production Company Reviews 2018
|Company Name
|Main Focus
|Online Portfolio?
|Compare Features and Prices
|Indigo Productions
|New York
|MTV, Chase, Rolling Stone
|Motion Pictures
|Demo Duck
|Netflix, Lowes, Trulia
|Explainer Videos
|Customer Magnetism
|Virginia Beach
|Hey Joe, ECHO, Premium Vapes
|Creative Storytelling
|Big Drop Inc.
|New York
|Synergy, LeaseQuit, Lily
|Animated Videos
|San Diego
|BMW, San Diego Chargers, IKEA
|LightHouse Films
|New York
|Express, Daniel Radcliffe, Loyolla
|Artex Productions
|AT&T, Visa, Coca-Cola
|Full Service Agency
|522 Productions
|Washington, DC
|WealthEngine, AIA, TAPS
|The DVI Group
|zBoost, Kodak, Hansgrohe
|Business Videos
|Revolution Productions
|Streamer, Medibis, Axiom
|Animated Videos
- Compare Video Production Prices
- Animated Video Production Review
Video Production – Videography Guide
Online video is growing faster than any other consumer service. In fact, by 2017, video will account for nearly 70 percent of all Internet traffic. With so much attention on one medium of information, it's crucial that your business has a video presence going forward. For businesses that prefer not to hire an in house video production team, outsourcing video production is the best way to create quality video content for your company. But with hundreds of video production companies to choose from, how should you decide which one is right for your business?
Here are 4 things to consider when choosing a video production company:
If your company is choosing to outsource video production it's probably because they want a very professional, high quality finished product. This should be the first question when you consider any production company: Do the videos look and sound professional? Has their production quality increased as technology has evolved? Marketing videos are going to be a representative of your brand or company, it goes without saying that the quality of the video needs to reflect well on your businesses and deliver the message clearly.
Video production can be very expensive, depending on the type of content that is being produced. Video Brewery lays out a comprehensive look at the costs associated with video production. These costs can vary depending on the type of video that is being produced. For example, an animated video would not have nearly as many associated costs as a live action video.
Once your budget is created, then you can adapt your strategy accordingly. A good video production company is going to have a conversation about your budget and your goals in order to create value for you and use your marketing dollars most effectively.
When you're interviewing a candidate for a job opening, you would likely assess how that person fits into your company culture. It's a good practice to use this same principle when it comes to hiring a video production company. There are many production companies that produce excellent work, but that doesn't necessarily mean that their work is an ideal fit for your brand voice.
There is no one size fits all form of video production; creative work is open to interpretation; stylistic preferences are a result of an organizations culture. For this reason, it's crucial to choose a video production company that fits your business.
Most businesses will try to differentiate themselves in order to persuade consumers to purchase their products, rather than a competitor. In the same way that a business would seek to differentiate their product or service, your video marketing should also have unique properties. Truly creative video production companies are able to produce content that is fresh and new. When consumers see fresh content, it stands out and commands attention. When choosing a video production company, is the content creative, or does it look like everyone else?
Producing videos are one of the best ways to promote your business due to it ever-increasing popularity among consumers. Partnering with a video production company to create content for your company is a great way to break into this relevant platform. When it comes to choosing a production company, be sure to consider quality, budget, culture and creativity to help you choose the right video partner for your company.
Is Your Business in our Top 10? Brag about it and post your Top 10 Badge on your website.
Find and compare the top ten video production companies and read customer reviews from these and other real people. Help us rank the best video production companies and write your own review. Simply share your experiences at the bottom of this page.
Request Side-by-Side Video Production Quotes to Compare and SAVE BIG

subset: commoncrawl


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As this blog has discussed many times before, pirates stole not only gold and silver, but shipments of merchant goods as well. Of course, they chose the most valuable goods on a captured ship, and one of the most valuable trade goods was sugar.
Sugar was not native to the New World. It had been domesticated, probably in New Guinea about ten thousand years ago. Trade in sugar quickly moved to Southeast Asia and China, and then to India, where people first discovered how to make the kind of granulated sugar that we buy in the store today. (Before this, people had just chewed on the stalks of sugar cane, enjoying the sweet juice.)
Trade with the Arabs brought the sweet stuff to Europe, but sugar did not grow well in the European climate. Demand for sugar was high, however, so Christopher Columbus carried cuttings of sugar cane with him on his second voyage. The plants flourished in the tropical climate of Hispaniola, and sugar became part of the Caribbean landscape.
Sugar cane is a tall, grass-like plant that looks similar to bamboo. It has shallow roots, and long, flat green leaves with a serrated edge. During our time period, sugar cane was cultivated and harvested by hand, the harvesting done with machetes. The cane stalks were then stripped of their leaves and rough chopped, and the cane stalks were put into a mill.
The mill used a stone wheel, driven either by harnessed animals or by slave labor, which crushed the stalks. This released the sweet sugar sap, which was drained, collected, refined and boiled until the water evaporated and it became crystallized sugar.
Sugar refining has progressed over the years, and the product produced during the Golden Age of Piracy was a slightly sticky product, pale, but not as white as today's sugar. Nevertheless, it was called "white gold" and quickly became the source of enormous profit.
Today, the average American eats an average of 100 pounds of sugar a year. In 1700, the average was closer to 4 pounds per year. But this was very much stratified by income. A single pound of sugar cost as much a laborer made in two days. Archeologists can determine the income level of bodies from the early 1700's by looking at the teeth. Sugar consumption meant that the bodies of the rich had badly decomposed teeth. Poor people (like pirates) had healthy, white teeth in comparison.
The problem was that no sane person wanted to cultivate sugar cane. Because only the juice was used from the plant, vast fields were needed to produce a profit. Because heavy equipment was needed to extract the juice and refine it, it was a rich person's game. And the work of growing and harvesting the cane was brutal.
The tall cane stalks provided little shade for workers, while blocking any available breeze. Cane leaves were sharp on the edges, and cut the skin. The labor of cutting the stalks, stripping the leaves and carrying stalks to the grinder was exhausting. And the boiling kettles, often in the open under a tropical sun, produced killing temperatures.
Small family farms simply could not do this. So, large plantations, powered by slaves, became the norm. Barbados was the most valuable colony in the English empire because of its sugar production, and as sugar spread, the slave society grew with it.
In the very early days, slaves were often Irish rebels, or poor British citizens, transported to the Caribbean because of minor crimes. But these people simply could not stand the heat and the sun. (Remember, sunblock would not be invented until 1936.) Plantation owners quickly switched to kidnapped Africans, who worked 18 hours a day in the cane fields. It is estimated that the average life expectancy of a slave in the cane field was two years.
The plantation owners, surrounded and outnumbered by slaves, were constantly nervous. They feared slave uprisings, and demanded armed support from the government. This in turn supported the militarization of the English colonies.
The slaves, meanwhile, worked to death, created horror stories in which dead slaves were raised to work on after they had been laid to rest. These "zombies" still permeate modern mythology.
|Undead worker from a movie "The White Zombie" 1932
Sugar, as a luxury item, was also heavily taxed. England valued its sugar-producing colonies more than its mainland colonies because of the income they produced. It's even been argued that England didn't put its full effort behind fighting the American Revolution because they were busy defending Barbados from smugglers and pirates.
Pirates probably ate the sugar that they captured, but recipes containing sugar were still somewhat rare. Cany usually consisted of seeds or small fruits dipped in sugar and dried. Sugar was consumed in tea and coffee. Jams and jellies – fruit preserved by sugar – was just becoming popular, but pirates probably didn't have the means to create these, and would have just consumed any such products they captured.
Rum and sugar production go hand in hand, since rum is made of the waste products of the sugar manufacturing industry. Molasses – unrefined sugar cane juice – is fermented into rum. In approximately our period (about 1700) Barbados alone was producing approximately 467,000 gallons of rum a year.
So that's the basic situation. Pirates drank rum produced by sugar producers, captured ships laden with sugar and sold the sugar at a discount to merchants who had a ready market for it. Slaves – either escaped from sugar plantations or liberated by pirates from captured ships swelled the ranks of the pirates, and pirates dined in fine style on sugar products. In some instances, pirates even supported slave uprisings on sugar plantations.
The situation in which a few lucky individuals owned most of the resources, and the vast majority of people owned little or nothing fueled the fires of piracy and stirred men into desperate rebellion. Sugar shaped the Caribbean, and the Caribbean shaped the pirates.


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Eveline Cosmetics products are available in more then 60 countries all over the world, and the list of new markets is continuously expending. We've gained a renowned position in most of the Central European (Czech Republic, Slovenia, Hungary) and Eastern European (traditional Russian-speaking markets) countries. Our products are also very popular in Balkans – in Croatia, Serbia and Romania; in Bulgaria we are a vice-leader on tanning treatment market. We are also present in the United States, Finland, Taiwan and South Korea, and Arabic countries such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Iraq. Such a wide activity area enabled us to succeed in sales culminating yearly in more then 70 million pieces.
The trust of the foreign clients is gained mainly due to our quality policy. We constantly verify the quality of products exported to various countries. Our company, as well as the production plant, are being often audited by representatives of certifying institutions from all the countries we export our products to.
This way we are able to confirm the quality policy and regulatory compliance with the requirements of the given country. The last audit was conducted at the end of the last year. As a result Eveline Cosmetics received a positive opinion by an Iranian certifying institution. For such a policy we have been prized with a Transparent Company certificate, given by an international corporation Dun & Bradstreet. Our company's high flexibility, allowing quick response to the new trends and changes in the cosmetic industry, and consequent quality policy are the key factors enabling our success in the countries we are already present, as well as on the new markets we are planning to conquer.
La Rive – a trademark with the vast experience based on the French art of smell composition.
We offer a broad variety of perfume and toilet eau, which constitute an alternative to the products of well-known brands. Our high quality products are available in reasonable prices.
We have obtained market success on the Central and East European markets, and we are also present on the German market.
Each flask of our perfume contains carefully chosen scent essence, powered with the heart of France. We get our inspirations from the country, which is the home of the art of scent creation and where our scents are born.
Thanks to the aforementioned processes we obtain exclusive, permanent and ethereal scents. We owe this effect to the careful operation of our development team, which apart from professionalism is characterized by high accuracy and the sense of intuition during the process of smell creation as well as during the process of creation of our products' colour palette.
Aesthetic, high quality packaging and perfume flasks which are always in accordance with the new trends, is what constitutes our feather in the cap.
We put great attention to the need of ensuring the felling of luxury to our clients who value high quality at a reasonable price.


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Workplace poster requiremets under federal statutes and regulations administered by US Department of Labor (DOL) agencies with an explanation of which employers might be required to post them. Categories include Equal Employment Opportunity, Fair Labor Standards Act (minimum wage), workers with disabilities, family and medical leave (FMLA) and USERRA.
|Responsible Party


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A special event was planned and held for the youngsters at the Sunshine Acres entitled "War Between the States Living Education Day at Sunshine Acres Children's Home" on March 5th, 6th and 7th of 2015. It started with the distribution of several thousand of these flyers.
Click on pictures to enlarge them.
An educational evening was planned for the staff, visitors and children including a musical presentation of period music by the Dixie Strings (above) with a traditional supper as enjoyed during the period of the Civil War. The meal was planned by Marie Roberts, founder of a local group of the Order of the Confederate Rose. The Dixie Strings were made available by Claudia Beatty, a member of the General Joe Wheeler Chapter #966 of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (know as the UDC).
Pictures of the classroom instruction are not available but classroom instructors and ladies of the UDC are shown here in the bivouac area on Saturday.
On Saturday visitors, staff & the children were welcome to tour the area, ask questions and view a little of the life of the soldier at that time. The UDC ladies operated a tent with stories, questions and answer sessions and other presentations.
On Saturday the Spencer & Jackson Theatrical Groupe presented their show for all those interested. Each of the areas, the bivouac, Spenser Jackson group, cannons firing and tents for stories and questions/answers of the attendees repeated their program periodically so attendees could move from one area of interest to another and enjoy all. Leanne England setup the Spencer Jackson group for us. Thank you Leanne!
Most of the UDC ladies wore period dress as shown on these two ladies left and right. On the right is Claudia Strickland.
Lori Stover, President of the Gen. Joe Wheeler Chapter of the UDC (left) coordinated the ladies participation in this event. Thank you Lori!
The cannons firing (above), the flyover, and the bivouac area were big hits at the show. Ron Fox is shown on the right with the items he had available for demonstration.
Camp 1708 owes a debt of gratitude to all those whose participation helped make the event a success. The cannon group on the right with a couple members of our Camp Shane Strickland (left) and John Rogers (2 from left). Shane and John were instrumental in setting up this event, coordinating activities as well as participating. Thank you gentlemen!
A big "thank you" to Marie Roberts who provided all these pictures.


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Email marketing offers great potential for return on investment, more so even than SEO according to the latest Email Marketing Industry Census report, the report showed that 73% of those surveyed said that email marketing offered excellent to good ROI.
There is room for growth in the use of this channel, the report showed marketing expenditure on email and proportions of sales attributed to email had both grown. The report also declared that firms can see a direct link between spending a larger share of their budget on email marketing and seeing their sales attributed to it grow exponentially.
Email marketing represents a relatively cheap channel to both acquire and retain customers through and therefore offers a lot of potential to marketers.
Mobile continues to heavily influence email marketing, email opens on mobile phones are at their highest point ever and are set to increase. However, despite the increase use of mobiles, mobile email conversations are on the decline and (according to the report) only a select few number of firms have optimised their email services to mobile.
This presents a missed opportunity for many marketers and follows the theme of this piece. Digital marketers are failing to tap in to the potential that email marketing offers, whether through lack of mobile optimisation or lack of engaging content. Both of these factors must be contributing to the decline in email conversations.


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NEW YORK (AP) — There were telltale signs of Russians using social media to meddle in last year's U.S. elections long before tech companies wised up to it.
Could Facebook and other tech giants have caught the abuse earlier?
After all, they have smart people and lots of data that should have flagged this.
On the other hand, their systems weren't set up to deal with this type of "social hacking." The focus was on software hacking, spam and nefarious content such as terrorist propaganda.
It now seems easy to see the signs of Russia's interference on social media. But consider this: Try thinking of new ways foreign entities might try to meddle in the 2020 election. Will it be using virtual reality? Robots? Snapchat?
Stumped? Check in three years. Hindsight is 20/20.


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It's Christmas in July, in Alaska!
1 in 7 Alaskans struggle with hunger year round, but goes unnoticed in the summer. We want to do our part to help.
Join The Moose at 96.3, Saturday July 29th at Midtown Walmart as we accept donations for the Food Bank of Alaska. We will be there from 10am to 6pm.
Just for fun, we will compete with our sister station Q 99.7 in the Valley to see who can raise more pounds of food.
Click the link below for full list of most needed items:


text: An exciting age in astronomy COLUMNIST An exciting age in astronomy Gravity waves a 'new window to universe' Art Hobson We have entered the era of gravity waves, a window on the universe that will reveal startling new realities much as Galileo's light wave telescope, four centuries ago, revealed a universe unlike anything imagined by medieval culture. Just as the motion of electrons and other electrically charged objects creates light waves, the motion of massive objects (having "weight") creates gravity waves. Isaac 12 Apr


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As July comes to a close, we are reminded of the ever-approaching deadlines of the 21st Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act (CVAA). The bill, which President Obama signed into law on October 8, 2010, ensures that our increasingly web-based media viewing culture is accessible to all people.
Here's a review of the key dates that have already passed, and the ones yet to come:
September 30, 2012: Prerecorded programming that has not been edited for the internet must have captions on the web if the program aired on TV with captions. This means that the content owner can simply use the original caption file for their web content, possibly requiring transcoding, but not re-captioning of the program.
March 30, 2013: All new programming that aired on TV and was later published in its entirety to the web, has to have captions on the web. This means that live programming, when published to a website in its entirety, must be captioned.
September 30, 2013: Prerecorded programming that has been substantially edited for the internet must be captioned if it is shown on broadcast TV on or after this date.
March 30, 2014: The confusing one — content that resides in an online archive or library without captions must be captioned within a certain timeframe after it airs on TV, regardless of whether or not it was edited. The earlier dates apply to programming that airs on TV and is later placed on the web. This date applies to programming that already resides on the web and THEN airs on TV.
So, say the "Leave it to Beaver" pilot already exists on Netflix, but has not aired on TV recently. As soon as it airs on TV after March 30, 2014, the clock will be ticking for the content owners to caption the episode online. The amount of time they have depends on when the pilot airs on TV, but will be no more than 45 days.
Many customers have archived programming currently posted online, uncaptioned. It's not yet required to be captioned, but will be if it airs on TV in 2014. Rather than trying to keep track of when content airs on TV, they are choosing to caption their entire archive in advance of the upcoming mandate.


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The Waiting Game: Small Business & Y2Kgreenspun.com : LUSENET : TimeBomb 2000 (Y2000) : One Thread
The Waiting Game: Small Business & Y2K
Sometimes I wonder when is it too late to get it? -- Diane
The waiting game
By Victoria Colliver
Wednesday, March 10, 1999
)1999 San Francisco Examiner
Small businesses are last in line to address Y2K problems
Three years, three upgrades, $250,000 and numerous glitches later, Michael King says he's al most got his small business' Year 2000 problems licked.
"It was as tough as I feared," said the relieved King, chief financial officer and the main systems guy at Peking Handicrafts Inc., a South San Francisco company that sells bedding and linens to major retailers.
"No matter how much you plan and prepare and test, things happen that you don't expect."
King, who still has a few bugs to work out before he can close the Y2K chapter of his company's life, is glad he started early. "If you don't have the money to address this problem, and you haven't started working on it by now, for a lot of companies it may be too late," he said.
Small businesses tend to have less money, information and time than large corporations to tackle their Y2K problems. Now, though, with less than 10 months to go, efforts have increased on both national and local levels to make sure the country's estimated 12 million small firms are up to speed when the clock strikes midnight Dec. 31.
The City of San Francisco Monday approved $25,000 for an educational outreach campaign starting in April aimed at The City's approximately 78,000 small businesses.
Wednesday, the House of Rep resentatives' Small Business Committee was to review a Senate-approved bill that would guarantee $500 million in loans to cover compliance costs for small businesses.
And from March 29 to April 1, the U.S. Small Business Administration will conduct a Y2K awareness campaign with events around the country.
"For the longest time, many people did not understand Y2K and what it means," said Maurice Campbell of San Francisco, who started working in the computer industry in 1969. "Most small business owners are worried about running their businesses. ..... It's the old 'if it ain't broke, don't fix it' scenario. They can't understand why you have to fix something that still works."
Campbell became so concerned about the Y2K problem that he produced a "Countdown Year 2000" 1999 calendar, which has checklists for everything from preparing for a bank catastrophe to making sure your family and pets have enough food and water. He gave the calendar to Mayor Willie Brown and some city agencies and has plans to distribute it to local merchants.
The Y2K problem centers on computer systems that may not be able to recognize the year 2000, confusing it with 1900 and causing numerous errors or system crashes.
According to a National Federation of Independent Business report conducted with San Francisco-based Wells Fargo Bank, 4.5 million small employers use computer equipment. The survey found that 40 percent had addressed the issue, and another 19 percent had plans to do so but hadn't started yet.
That still means a third had no plans to deal with the problem. The survey warned that 750,000 businesses risk being crippled or forced to shut down if they didn't correct the problem in time.
In contrast, a Gartner Group survey reported 83 percent of large companies (more than 20,000 employees) had begun Y2K readiness testing by the fourth quarter of 1998.
"There are a lot of (small) businesses that feel this is a lot of hype," said Scott Hauge, head of the Small Business Network, a coalition of The City's 21 small business groups. "A lot of small businesses don't have the resources, don't have the time, and they're just hoping this will all go away."
Many experts say small businesses have been slower than large corporations to recognize the problem.
"What bothers me about small- and medium-sized businesses is that many of them don't seem to take the PC problem seriously," said Jon Huntress, writer-researcher for a Y2K site sponsored by Tenagra Corp., a Houston-based Internet marketing and consulting group. "They think if they have recent PCs, they won't have a problem."
Huntress argues that until last year, many computers still weren't compliant on the hardware level, so a relatively new system might not offer complete protection. "Even the word 'compliance' hasn't been defined," he said. "It means different things to different companies."
The Year 2000 Readiness Act, the bill approved by the Senate, has been well received by small business trade groups, but it is not considered a cure-all for small companies that have not upgraded for financial reasons. The bill relies on existing funds rather than making any new money available.
The bill, sponsored by Sen. Christopher Bond, R-Mo., would allow the SBA to guarantee a higher percentage of loans avail able to fix the problem and would grant limited deferments on principal payments. Other Y2K bills are under consideration, but none has had the widespread support of Bond's measure.
"It just makes it easier for small business to get money from private lenders," said Kristy Simms, manager of legislative affairs for the National Federation of Independent Business. "It's really just a safety net. It's helpful to a degree."
Several experts said small businesses might be more at risk from the Y2K problems of the large companies they work with, such as suppliers and distributors.
According to the NFIB, 46 percent of the small businesses already taking action expect to pay less than $1,000 to upgrade their systems. About 7 percent plan to spend more than $25,000, and a few report costs of up to $120,000.
Companies using relatively new, prepackaged computer systems rather than ones that are highly customized or produced in-house are expected to have less expensive upgrades.
King, at Peking Handicrafts, said his company's system was considerably expensive because of its sophistication. At $50 million in sales with 120 employees, Peking is a growing company that needs to keep up with major clients like J.C. Penney Co., Sears, Roebuck and Co. and Federated Department Stores Inc.
King said he had chosen to up grade the systems in a series of smaller steps rather than one big leap to reduce the risk of a system collapse or major failures. "If we didn't have the money to pay for the upgrade ..... it would be devastating," he said. "Fortunately, we made enough money in prior years and got to this size where we could take the hit and then take a deep sigh. By the time you're done, you're better than you were before."
-- Diane J. Squire (firstname.lastname@example.com), March 10, 1999
Diane --Good catch and so true. I own and operate a home care business with a gross of 700K, 65 employees and a private lock on every other run of Excedrin. We needed to change software to become more compliant with state reporting anyway so I decided that this would be a good time to also become y2k compatible. (This was last October). The computer techs ran a check on our computer and said it would not be compliant. Replaced the main computer ($4500) and installed the new software.
I wouldn't let the tech leave until he ran a y2k test with the clocks even though the company said IN PRINT that they were y2k compatible. Result: computer shut down, tech was there for three days. End result in money (including lost time for my billing people, my time kibitzing, lost time by my scheduling people, etc.) was about 14,000. I can certainly sympathize with Mr.King. One thing -- we are one of the top 15 businesses in the upstate when the list of growth percentages were released by the state of SC. Yet, no one has ever asked me about our intentions regarding y2k. No survey, no phone calls, no letters. How accurate can the state statistics be?
-- Lobo (firstname.lastname@example.com), March 10, 1999.


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Richard had forgotten why as he packed the last vestiges of his books and papers into the trunk of the car. He continued to forget why as he slept in Angela's embrace, the closest thing to a free man he had ever been. He had tasted the bold taste of the new and fresh, like the cup of coffee he poured himself as he signed the final paper. He tried not to be reminded of Joann as Angela rummaged around in the refrigerator for the orange juice.
The coffee was hot and bitter.
A/N: This is a continuance of the short story "Separating" by John Updike.


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- Senate Race: State Senate president Kevin de León, whose district includes most of the Eastside, announced plans to challenge fellow Democrat U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein as she seeks re election. L.A. Times
- Up in Smoke: Firefighters discovered a marijuana grow on Saturday night while battling a large fire that broke out in a Boyle Heights commercial and warehouse complex in the 1600 block of S. Soto Street. NBC4
- Fruit Spill: A Sigalert was declared after a truck carrying 4,000 pounds of fruit overturned early this morning at the junction of the 5 and 10 freeways early this morning, sending oozing fruit onto the highway. My News LA
- Griffith Park Fire: Water dropping helicopters were deployed Sunday night to extinguish a small brush fire in Griffith Park near the observatory. KTLA
- Freeway Adjacent Fire: A small grass fire was put out this morning near the northbound 5 Freeway and 7th Street in Boyle Heights. LAFD
- Got a news tip or photo to share? Submit it here
Eastside Scene
Atwater Village | Katrina Alexy
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Deputy Head for Inclusion, Enfield
Closing date:
Start date: September 2018
Contract type: Full Time
Contract term: Permanent
Suitable for NQTs: No
Enfield Grammar School
Deputy Head for Inclusion L21-26 (Outer London)
An exciting opportunity to work at a superb school
Following the retirement of the existing Deputy Head, after a long and distinguished career, we are seeking to appoint a dynamic successor who can work as part of a Senior Leadership Team, determined to ensure that all students, regardless of ability, benefit from an excellent all-round educational experience and enjoy and achieve. This role represents an excellent opportunity for a dedicated and ambitious individual to contribute to school improvement, have a major impact on the achievement of students, develop as a senior leader and prepare for headship. We are looking for someone who can lead, challenge and support staff and students to great achievement through the development of consistently first-rate teaching across the academy.
The Deputy Head will be an excellent classroom practitioner/teacher and a strategic leader with a resilient character and a strong personal drive. Along with other members of the Senior Leadership Team, the Deputy Head will be centrally involved in the management of the academy and will be responsible for helping to establish a culture that is nurturing, developmental and rigorous with a relentless focus on student achievement.
You will be able to work collaboratively with other members of academy staff, be receptive to new ideas, eager to learn and have proven experience of positively impacting on student progress and raising attainment. In addition, you will be keen to improve still further your skill set, through CPD training that will motivate and challenge you to develop and strengthen your leadership capacity, confidence and impact.
The school is an 11-18 6 form entry boys' comprehensive and is heavily oversubscribed every year.
We are a Specialist Sports College and converted to Academy status in August 2011. We provide a secure learning environment for our pupils in a combination of modern and historic buildings. The School is situated in the town centre with easy access to London and greenbelt countryside and has its own large and attractive playing fields.
If you share our vision and have experience of leading excellent practice, then we want to hear from you. We're looking for a leader who exemplifies our belief in the potential of every child, is confident in insisting on the highest standards of academic rigour and behaviour, energised by the challenge of our work and prepared to make a commitment to further enhance our vibrant, thriving, successful school community.
Tours of the School will be taking place during the week commencing Monday 16 April 2018. Should you wish to visit, please contact the School via email at email@example.com. For more information about the School please visit www.enfieldgrammar.com.
The School is committed to safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children and young people and anyone applying to work in our school is expected to share this commitment. Any appointment is subject to a satisfactory Enhanced with Barred List check through the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS).
Closing date for applications: 12 noon, Friday 20 April 2018
All applications should be emailed to firstname.lastname@example.com
Shortlisted applicants will be informed as soon as possible thereafter
Interviews will be held on Thursday 26 April 2018 and Friday 27 April 2018
Start Date: September 2018
Enfield Grammar School is rightly proud of its fine traditions and examination achievements. It is also a school which is intent on ensuring that the breadth and quality of education will, as far as is possible, equip its pupils to meet the rapidly c...
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Oakland, California, United States of America to Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
He was the fifth son and seventh child of William Charles Smith, a banker and Catherine Mary, nee Kingsford.
The family had moved to Canada to work in real estate and this is when "Kingsford" was added to family name. Smithy started his schooling in Canada and moved back to Sydney, Australia when he was about 8 years old. Aged 9 he had his first aviation incident when he strapped onto himself a home made "flying machine" and leaped off his house roof and broke his collarbone.
He died in November 1935 when the aircraft "Lady Southern Cross" a Lockheed Altair, plunged into the Andaman Sea near Rangoon, Burma. He was accomponied by copilot Tommy Pethybridge. They had left England and heading to Australia, the trip had taken them over India, they had left Allahabad heading to Singapore.
The Lady Southern Cross was recorded flying over Rangoon (Myanmar) at 1.30am on November 7, 1935.
The Lady Southern Cross never arrived at Singapore.
The RAF completed a search from Rangoon to Singapore and found no trace of the Lady Southern Cross, Kingsford Smith or Pethybridge. In May 1937, some fisherman had found the starboard undercarriage leg on the shore on an island south east of Rangoon.
He was survived by his second wife, Mary Powell and son Charles. They had married in 1930.
He was selected to join Britian's Royal Flying Corps which was a new unit that was formed to fly aircraft that were being used in battle for the first time. In October 1916 at the rank of Sergeant he transferred to the Australian Flying Corps. After training in England he was discharged for AIF and was commissioned as 2nd Lieutenant with Royal Air Corps.
He gainied his "wings" in march 1917 and appointed as a flying officer in May 1917. In July 1917 he joined the No23 Squadron stationed in France. In August 1917 he was shot down and wounded in the foot by the enemy. This resulted in several of his toes being amputed and at 20 years old, his military career was effectively over. During his first month on the front he had brought down 4 machines and awarded the "Miltary Cross". In April 1918 he was promoted to Lieutenant and served as RFC Flying Instructor.
After the war he worked as a stunt pilot in Hollywood and was trying to attract sponsers for his dream of making the trans Pacific flight. At that time, he was unsuccessful.
It was due to his inadequate navigational experience that he was barred from the 1919 England to Australia Air Race. He and a friend, Cyril Maddocks piloted joy flights in England as Kingsford Smith, Maddocks Aero Ltd.
Smithy returned back to Australia in January 1921 and was Sydney based with Diggers' Aviation Co, a joy riding organisation. He then worked as a salaried pilot with Western Australian Airways Ltd. Western Australian Airways delivered mail and supplies over long distances in remote areas, it also did the regular mail service between Geraldton to Derby.
On June 6, 1923 he married for the first time, Thelma Eileen Hope Corboy in Marble Bar in Western Australia.
In 1924 he formed a partnership with fellow pilot, Keith Anderson and ran a trucking company, Gascoyne Transport Co based In Carnarvon, Western Australia. Through the operation of the trucking company they raised capital to buy 2 Bristol Tourers.
In 1926, with pilot Charles Ulm he completed a round Australia Flight in 10 days and 5 hours, which was approximately half the time taken by earlier pilots. They also went together to the USA with the goal of finding a plane capable of returning them on the return trip back to Australia. This feat wasn't achieved before this date. They purchased a Fokker V11b-3M and they named it the "Southern Cross".
In 1927, Smithy was back in Sydney and operating as Interstate Flying Services with Charles Ulm.
The gain his Australian Pilot's Licence he listed these types and numerous more.
Maurice Farman, Martinsyde, Sopwith 1 1/2 Strutter, Sopwith Camel, Sopwith Snipe
Sopwith Dolpin (photo to the right)
(L-R & below L) Arvo (Type G pictued), Handley Page, Airco D.H.6, Bristol Fighter
Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.2.B
Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8
Blackburn Kangaroo, Curtiss J.N.4


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Arts Business Computers Directories Finance Games Health Home & Family Hosting Internet News Recreation Reference Resources Science Search Engines Shopping Society Software Sports Travel Web Design Other
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Regional Europe United Kingdom England West Sussex Society and Culture
This category includes sites that reflect the make up of the region's community: its people, its history, and resources and institutions that serve the region's people, such as social service organisations.
Subcategories 18
Related categories 4
Sites 11
Angmering Area Project - Family Tree Designs
Offers historical census returns for Angmering, Burpham, Clapham, Durrington, East Preston, Ferring, Goring, Kingston, Patching, Poling, Rustington, South Stoke, and Warningcamp.
Arundel & Littlehampton District Scouts
Area organisation for ten scout groups with beavers, cubs and scouts. Includes profile, history, information on campsite, newsletters, awards, annual reports, and badge shop.
Family Mediation in Sussex
Information on Family Mediation, including how it works and what needs to be done. Includes list of mediation practices.
Girlguiding Sussex West
Official site. Includes information on organisation, current projects, news, events, training, history, available equipment, and contact details.
The Purple Bus
Travelling youth club for rural villages providing tools and resources to have fun and look at issues. Includes profile, visiting schedules, and photographs.
Rotary International in Great Britain and Ireland District 1145
The district covers West Sussex, Brighton and part of Surrey. Includes details of clubs and events.
Shoreham and Southwick Citizens Advice Bureau
Gives free advice to help people resolve their problems. Profile, services and opening times with information about volunteering.
Sussex Egyptology Society
Formed in 1996 and dedicated to the study of ancient Egypt. Features events and venues, activities, membership benefits, an application form, and contact information.
Sussex Engine and Associated Machinery Society
About the restoration of old Stationary Engines and associated machinery.
West Sussex Libraries
Online catalogue, community information and interactive pages for children.
West Sussex Past
West Sussex County Council's portal to archive, library and museum online heritage services, including resources for schools, and search facilities for the county heritage databases.
Last update:October 1, 2016 at 11:15:09 UTC
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EEOC Slaps United Airlines With ADA Action
The suit, filed Thursday in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California by the EEOC on behalf of lead class member Joe Boswell, claims United violated the Americans with Disabilities Act by rejecting Boswell for every position he applied and was...
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Athlete Architecture is a high performance endurance coaching company. We provide one on one coaching, physiology based training plans, and sport specific assessments. We are based out of Sydney, Australia and train successful athletes worldwide with a low athlete:coach ratio. Whether you aim for your first 5k or a podium spot at the Ironman, we have the expertise to build you into a successful endurance athlete.
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Chris is a USA Triathlon Level 1 Certified Coach, a USA Cycling Level 3 Certified Coach, an IRONMAN Certified Coach and an accomplished triathlete with almost 30 years of racing experience. He has competed at all distances of triathlon as both a pro and a top level amateur. He continues racing today, but finds ultimate enjoyment in coaching others.
While pursuing his undergraduate degree at The University of Texas in Austin, Chris served as a charter member of Austin Triathletes and the Texas Triathletes. In 1989, he was the Texas State Triathlon Champion and 3rd at the World's Toughest Triathlon which served as the National Ultra-Distance Championship. After graduating, Chris continued to pursue triathlon and was a top ranked triathlete in the South-Midwest Region for many years. In recent years, Chris has focused primarily on Ironman distance triathlons, winning his age group at Ironman Kentucky and qualifying for and competing at the Ironman World Championships in Kona twice. Chris returned to his ironman distance roots by completing the inaugural Ironman Lake Tahoe in 2013.
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Published: 00:01, 29 October 2017
The annual fireworks spectacular will be on Saturday, November 4. Gates open at 6pm with hot food from Scoff & Sip and Taptastic and a fun fair and licensed bar. Advance tickets cost £8 or £25 for a family of two adults and two children. Under fours go free. Entrance on the night will be £10 or £30 for a family. Advance tickets sales are limited and will only be available until 3pm on Saturday. There is no parking on site. Please park sensibly. For details call 01622 673633.
This year's display takes place at the club in Canterbury Road, Kennington, on Saturday, November 4. Gates open at 5pm with the bonfire being lit at 7pm. The first rocket goes up at 7.30pm. There will also be three bars, food stalls and amusements. Tickets cost £8, £4 for under 15s, £20 for families (2 adults + 2 children) and under fives free. Book online in advance and get a 25% discount. Details at ashfordrugbyclubboxoffice.co.uk.
The fireworks spectacular will take place at Elizabeth Harvie Field, behind Holy Cross Church on Friday, November 3 between 6pm and 9pm.
Sparks will fly on and off the track when the final rounds of the BTRA British Truck Racing Championship are followed by season-closing fireworks display on Sunday, November 5. There will be plenty of off-track fun for all of the family. Raceday admission is £19 in advance and £12 for teens. Weekend tickets are £25 and £15. For details go to brandshatch.co.uk
Dartford Lions are again organising one of the biggest displays in north Kent that this year takes place on Saturday, November 4, from 5pm. A funfair opens at 5pm and the bonfire will be lit at 7.15pm. The fireworks get under way at 8pm. Advance tickets are £5 adults and £3 children and are available from Craft Frames, West Hill, ellenor in Spital Street and High Street, Priory Shopping Centre, Darent Valley Hospital and Kent Police's Bluewater store. Details at www.dartfordlionsclub.org
Thousands turn out every year to the amphitheatre of Dunorlan Park. This year the event will be held on Saturday, November 4, when there will be food, drink and rides as well as the display, organised by the local Round Table. Gates open at 5.30pm with the fireworks - which last for 25 minutes - at 7pm. Advanced tickets cost £6 and £4 for children. More details at rtwrt.org
Always a spectacle, the annual Edenbridge bonfire celebration has become well known for it effigies of famous figures in the news. Last year's was Donald Trump, then a presidential candidate, holding the head of rival Hillary Clinton. The 36ft tall Trump was trouserless and striking one of his signature poses. This year's bonfire will be held on Saturday, November 4, but who the guy will mimic is a closely-guarded secret until shortly before. The party itself begins at 6.30pm with a torch lit procession. For details go to edenbridgebonfire.co.uk
One of the biggest, free events in the north of the county takes place on the banks of the River Thames at the Prom. This year's event is on Friday, November 3.
The primary school's firework display will be held on Sunday, November 5, with gates open at 4.45pm, and the show starting promptly at 6pm. There will be a barbecue, mulled wine, glow wands and popcorn for sale. Tickets cost £5 each, with family tickets £16. Under threes go free. Tickets are available on the night or from email email@example.com
Medway's biggest free annual bonfire and firework display at the Great Lines Heritage Park attracts thousands of spectators every year. This year's event will be on Saturday, November 4 at 7pm. There will be no on-site parking or toilets on the night. For details go to enjoymedway.org
The Royal British Legion in London Road, Greenhithe, near Gravesend, will be holding a free fireworks display on Friday, November 3. The family-friendly event will include a barbecue and subsidised bar.
The popular annual fireworks spectacular on Saturday, October 28, has a Spooktacular theme. Gates open at 5pm, with the chance to try the half term fun including pumpkin carving, a magic castle and ghostly disco before the display. Advance tickets are £8, and £10 on the gate, with under ones going free. The display will be at 8.30pm. There will also be a funfair in the grounds. Rides are in addition to the ricket price. Plus there will be food and drink on offer. For details go to thehopfarm.co.uk/events/fireworks
Kent Cricket's annual fireworks display at the St Lawrence Ground will be held on Sunday, November 5, with entertainment from 3pm, including a funfair and live music from the Old Town Souls and more, hosted by kmfm. The display will be at 6pm with live entertainment through to 7pm. Tickets at £8 (£10 on the gate) £4 for ages two to 14 (£5 on the gate) and £20 for a family (or £25 on the gate) can be bought online at kentcricket.co.uk
A stunning bonfire and fire breathers will set off the Firework Spectacular at the farming attraction on Saturday, November 4 and Sunday, November 5. The colourful celebration marks the end of the season and the beginning of the winter festivities and will include face painting, children's fairground rides, glow sticks galore, a licensed bar and food. The site, just off Junction 6 of the M20 near Maidstone, will be open from 3pm with its usual attractions, before the bonfire is lit at 6.15pm and the gates close to admissions. The themed display will be at 6.45pm, with the site open until 8pm. Tickets must be booked online in advance at kentlife.org.uk and no tickets will be available on the gate. They cost £11, £9 for ages four to 15 with under fours free. Parking cannot be guaranteed on site due to the numbers of visitors.
May the force be with you for firework festivities at the Yalding site on Thursday, November 9 with a Star Wars themed display in the grounds. Gates open at 4.30pm, with fireworks starting at 7.30pm. There will be refreshments available along with children's fairground rides. Tickets are limited. To book visit kenwardtrust.org.uk
The display's theme this year will be Best of British when visitors can listen to some iconic British songs in an evening of patriotic pyrotechnics, taking place on both Saturday, November 4 and Sunday, November 5. Entry is from 2pm, to enjoy live music, entertainment, falconry displays, the maze and play areas and a variety of food. From 5.30pm, there will be music, projections and fireworks with the castle as their backdrop. The music will run until the display at 6.30pm. Tickets cost £22, £14.50 for children four to 15 with under fours free. Tickets are not available from the ticket office. Book at leeds-castle.com or call 01622 767865.
MotorMania on Saturday, November 4 promises to be an action packed day of track action followed by fireworks. On-track action will include supermoto, rallycross, sidecars, race cars, drift, solo scooters, superkarts, supernational hot rods and the chance to take your car out in the public track time session. Fireworks are included in the general admission ticket and will begin when darkness falls. Entrance from 4.30pm to watch fireworks costs £7 with under 13s free. All day prices start at £12 and include a day of on-track action. Alongside the track action there will be car, bike and sidecar displays as well as a show 'n' shine competition with the proceeds going to support the Action for Pulmonary Fibrosis charity. Passenger rides will also be available on the day for anyone over 14 with proceeds going to the Kent, Surrey & Sussex Air Ambulance. For more details go to lyddenhill.co.uk
The Farriers Arms pub will be holding its popular display on Saturday, November 4 this year. There will be a bonfire, live music and food and drink available. For more details go to thefarriersarms.com
This year's theme for the display on Sunday, November 5 will be "50 Years of New Ash Green" and fireworks will be choreographed to songs chosen from five of the last decades to celebrate the village's 50th anniversary. The bonfire will be lit at 6.15pm, with fireworks starting at 7pm. The event is the finale to a successful summer of activities put on by the different organisations from within the village to celebrate the milestone. Get your tickets from Pets Pantry or the VA office in the New Ash Green village centre for £3, or £5 on the gate. Details at nagsocial.co.uk/Fireworks-2017.html
The 10th annual display at the Thanet park has a Disney theme and takes place on Saturday, November 4 from 5pm. There will be a funfair, craft marquee, plenty of family entertainment and two firework displays at 6.15pm and 7.15pm. Advance tickets cost £10, £8 for three to 13 years, and a family of four £34. On the night entry will be £12 and £10 for three to 13-year-olds, cash only. Parking is free. For more details visit quexpark.co.uk.
A Halloween fireworks night takes place at BayPoint in Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, on Saturday, October 28 from 6pm. Refreshments and food will be available on the night. Tickets are £8 or it's £25 for a family of four. There will also be fairground rides, face painting plus a children's fancy dress. For details go to baypointclub.co.uk
The Sevenoaks Roundtable charity fireworks is on Saturday, November 4. There will be entertainment, stalls and live music from 5pm in the High Street, followed by a torchlight procession to Sevenoaks School at 7pm. The firework display, set to music, starts at 7.45pm. Advance tickets cost £8 and a fiver for children. Tickets on the gate are £2 nearer. For details visit sevenoaksfireworks.co.uk
The annual firework display at Tonbridge Angels Football Club in Darenth Avenue will be held on Friday, October 27 this year. There will be food and Halloween fun for all the family. Supporting Tonbridge Angels in conjunction with Tonbridge Round Table. Entry is £5, or £12 for a family ticket.
The display at the school will be held on Friday, November 3 from 4.30pm, with the fire lit at 5pm, at the recreation ground in Church Lane. There will be a beer tent, tombola, barbecue and after school disco. Tickets in advance are £5 and £2 for children, and on the gate £6 and £3 for children. Tickets in advance are available from the George Inn or from the school.
This year's bonfire and fireworks will be held at the recreation ground in Summer Lane on Saturday, November 4, with a funfair and giant bonfire, which will be lit at 6.45pm. Gates and the funfair open at 5.30pm and the fireworks start at at 7.30pm. Free parking will be available at the uni. For tickets and to book, visit tylerhillbonfire.co.uk
The annual fireworks display at the school close to Kingsmead Leisure Centre is being put on by UK Fireworks Ltd and will be on Friday, October 20, from 6pm to 7.30pm on the school playground and field. There will be refreshments available, LED light wands and glow in the dark necklaces on sale and goodies at the tuck shop, plus a bouncy castle (weather permitting). Tickets can be bought on the gate and cost £6, £3 for children and £15 for a family of two adults and two children. Under fours go free. No sparklers or fireworks to be brought to the display.
The annual MGS Parents' Association fireworks spectacular will be on Saturday, November 4, with gates open from 6pm. Visitors should use the West Park Road entrance opposite the leisure centre. The fireworks will be at 7pm, and there will be food to buy including pizza and a burger bar. Tickets cost £25 for a family of two adults and three children, £10 for adults and £5 for students and children age five and up. Parking at the leisure centre will be £3 per car.
Is your village, school or sports club holding a public fireworks display? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com or enter your event on our calendar here: events calendar
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You may wish to e-mail reports to other people or to share reports in some other way. This web page looks at how you can do so.
When you print a report, MainBoss Basic formats the report for the printer you specify. This causes a problem if you want to e-mail a report to someone else, since that other person is likely to have a different printer and the report won't be formatted correctly for that printer.
The solution is to put the report in a format that's intended to work on a large range of printers. The most common suitable formats are PDF (Portable Document Format, created by Adobe Systems) and XPS (XML Paper Specification, created by Microsoft).
In order to create reports in PDF format, you need PDF writing software:
|Note: The above information is simply offered for your consideration. Thinkage Ltd. takes no responsibility for the use of non-Thinkage software and will not provide support for it.
When you install PDF writing software, the software creates an entry in your computer's list of printers. For example, Adobe Acrobat typically creates a "printer" named Adobe PDF. When you wish to create a PDF file, you typically follow these steps:
If you wish to share the report with someone by e-mail, simply e-mail the PDF file as a message attachment, using your normal e-mail software. You can also save the report like a normal computer file. For example, you might choose to save PDF versions of certain reports at the end of each month in order to keep a month-by-month profile of your operations.
Recipients can read and print PDF files using PDF reading software. You can obtain a PDF reader free by going to adobe.com and clicking the button labeled Get ADOBE READER.
XPS is Microsoft's answer to PDF. XPS writing software is included for free in most versions of Windows. You can also obtain free XPS reading and writing software at https://www.microsoft.com/whdc/xps/viewxps.mspx. (Choose the XPS Essentials Pack.)
When you install XPS writing software, the software creates an entry in your computer's list of printers, usually called Microsoft XPS Document Writer.
The XPS writer creates an XPS file. You can send this file to others as an e-mail attachment, using your normal e-mail software. You can also keep copies of the file if you wish to preserve the report for future use.
Reading XPS: Recipients can read and print XPS files using XPS reading software. XPS readers can be obtained free at https://www.microsoft.com/whdc/xps/viewxps.mspx.
In order to use the free XPS reader, you must have Internet Explorer version 7 or later. If you keep your system up to date with Windows Update, you'll already have this version of Explorer. It is also useful to specify Explorer as your standard software for reading XPS files. To do this, follow these steps:
After you've gone through the above procedure once, you can just open XPS files by double-clicking on them.
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text:
by Mary J. Anderson
Publisher: Tierceron Press
Genre: history
Format: hardcover; black and white photographs; colour plates; 336 pages
Price: $25.00
Includes: bibliography and index
In this intriguing and very readable historical account, the author explores the fortunes, failure and ultimate success of the McQuesten family during the 19th and 20th centuries in Hamilton, Ontario. Thomas B. McQuesten became an influential cabinet minister in the provincial parliament. Through letters, photographs and well-researched discussion, Mary J. Anderson guides the reader to an understanding of the sacrifices made by his sister Ruby, of the determination and will of their stern but loving mother, and of the passions Tom exhibited to make the world a better place.


text:
Your life is not a race
October 7, 2017
Your life is not a race. You will gain so much from this message as you begin to understand it and decide to absorb its message and the meaning intended. You have spent a great deal of your life comparing yourself to others by thinking there are certain things you should have done, things you should have accomplished, or a particular place that you must be in your life by this time.
As you do that you are taking yourself out of the present moment where all your power is; you are depleting the energy you would have otherwise to create the life you honestly do desire. And when you remember that you are an eternal being and you will always have time to get things done you will take some of the pressure off of yourself. And it is that you have been placing the burden on yourself and inadvertently keeping the things that you desire away from you by focusing on things not being here now. Relax, take your time, and enjoy where you are at this very moment.


text:
The magical artwork of Victoria Vusova has captured my heart. After browsing her wonderful shop, I knew her work would be perfect to add to my HOLIDAY SHOPPING GUIDE. Her brightly colored works of art will put a smile on your face. Reminiscent of the fairy tales that enchanted me as a child , I chose these beautiful pieces to feature. Do not miss her shop at http://vusova.etsy.com/ and think about making one of her pieces of art a gift for that special person on your shopping list.
Thursday, October 30, 2008
Magic, Fairy Tales, and a Sprinkle of Whimsy
Posted by Dina Cuomo at 8:03 AM 4 comments
Labels: aceo, cards, Central Park, fairy tales mad tea party, family, holiday shopping guide, original watercolor, pendants, prints
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text:
Venkatasubba Rao, J.
1. The question to be decided in this appeal is one of' limitation. This suit was filed under Section 53 of the Transfer of Property Act. The plaintiff being the Receiver in insolvency represents the body of creditors of the insolvent. The transaction impeached is a mortgage, dated 27th July 1908, executed by the insolvent in favour of the defendant. The suit was filed on the l5th February 1918.
2. The first question that arises is : What is the article that is applicable? Article 120 seems to he the appropriate article. The decisions seem to be to the same effect : See Autkikesavaloo Naicker v. Hussain Sahib Kadiri [1915] 2 L.W. 479 and Venkateswara Aiyar v. Somasundaram Chettiar [1918] 7 L.W. 280. It was conceded before us, and in my opinion rightly, that the article applicable is Article 120. The more difficult question, however is : What is the starting point of limitation? On this point, there is no authority. Phillips, J., in Venkateswara Aiyar v. Somasundaram Chettiar [1918] 7 L.W. 280 expressed the view that the time runs from the date when the plaintiff had the knowledge of the facts entitling him to relief. This though, an obiter dictum, is entitled to great weight as the point was fully considered by him. Krishnan, J., in the judgment under appeal, as I understand it, is not quite definite on the point. He thinks that limitation runs from the date when the creditor exercises his option ; in the alternative, from the date when he has knowledge of the facts that give him a right to relief. As I read his judgment, he is more inclined to take the former than the latter view. It seems to me that he expressed the alternative view, as on the facts, whichever view was taken, the same result followed. Krishnan, J., having held that the suit was filed in time, the defendant has filed this appeal and Mr. Jagannadha Das has argued the case very fully on his behalf. His contention is that the date of alienation gives the starting point. He supports his contention by relying on what I may describe as grounds of convenience. Before adverting to these grounds, I shall deal with the point with reference to the two provisions of law that have a bearing viz...Section 53 of the Transfer of Property Act and Article 120 of the Limitation Act, Under Section 53, a transfer that offends against the rule enacted in it s voidable at the option of any person de frauded, defeated or delayed. Under Article 110 the suit may be brought within six years of the date when the right to sue accrues. The question resolves itself into this. When does the right to sue accrue? If the transaction is voidable at the option of a creditor, he may avoid it at any time at his pleasure. Section 53 does not say that, after the lapse of a certain time, ho shall not be able to avoid the transaction, it docs not prescribe a limit of time. What then constitutes the exercise of the option? In the words of Wallis, C.J., in Ramaswami Chettiar v. Mallappa Reddiar [1920] 43 Mad. 760 a voidable transaction may be avoided by any open or unequivocal declaration of an intention to avoid it, see page 769. The right to sue accrues when this option is exercised. Under Article 120 the suit may be instituted within six years from the date when the right to sue accrues. As that right accrues, as I have shown, when the plaintiff' exercises his option, the suit may be filed within six years from the date of the exercise of the option, The proper construction of the sections compels us to take this view and it seems to me that this is what Krishnan, J., intended to hold. If so, I entirely agree with him.
3. The alternative view, namely, that time begins to run from the date when the plaintiff becomes aware of the facts that entitle him to relief, found favour with Phillips, J., in Yenkateswara Aiyar v. Somasundaram Chettiar [1918] 7 L.W. 280. But a perusal of his judgment shows that only two theories were put forward before him, namely : (1) the date of alienation gives the starting point and (2) the date of knowledge. These were the two rival views that were placed before him and he preferred the view that knowledge gives the starting point. His judgment leaves no doubt in my mind that, if what may be compendiously described as the option theory was suggested to him, be would have gladly adopted it. Indeed in this connexion he uses the word ' option,' but does not go the necessary length. Section 53, it is needless to point out, does not take note of knowledge at all. It speaks of option and not of knowledge. Under Article 95 of the Limitation Act, which relates to a suit for relief on the ground of fraud, knowledge no doubt would be a material element, for the prescribed period of 3 years runs from the date when the fraud becomes known to the party wronged. But the suit contemplated by Section 53 is not one for relief on the ground of fraud, and the knowledge of fraud, to which Article 95 refers, is therefore not a material circumstance. Moreover, it is not necessary that there should be actual fraud to invalidate a transaction under Section 53, as the second clause of that section shows, which runs as follows:
Where the effect of any transfer of immovable property is to defraud, defeat or delay any such person and such transfer is made gratuitously or for a grossly inadequate consideration, the transfer may be presumed to have been made with such intent as aforesaid.
4. In my opinion, therefore, fraud or knowledge of fraud is not a relevant consideration.
5. On a strict construction of the sections I have arrived at this result, and it is a matter for satisfaction that considerations of convenience and justice point to the same conclusion. From this point of view, I shall next deal with the three different standpoints suggested.
6. First, let me take the date of alienation being the starting point. Section 53 refers to an intention to defraud prior or subsequent transferees, co-owners and creditors. I shall take the case of creditors, as this is the most usual case. It is settled that the benefit of the section is not restricted to existing creditors alone. Even subsequent creditors may impeach the transaction. Suppose then, a trader makes an alienation of the property which offends against the terms of this section. Why should any creditor call in question the alienation, if the trader is possessed of sufficient funds to satisfy him? Why should a subsequent creditor be barred, although the alienation was made long previous to his debt having come into existence? Creditors are not generally interested in impugning the transaction entered into by their debtor. In spite of the fact that a property worth Rs. 10,000 has been alienated the debtor may yet be possessed of assets worth lakhs, and why should any creditor, take the trouble of impugning the alienation? Or again, the debtor may have alienated the property, but may still be expected to make large profits or to amass large wealth. The creditors are only concerned with this that the debtor must one day be in a position to repay the amounts due. To say that the right to avoid a transaction becomes barred at the lapse of six years from the alienation is practically to throw upon them the burden of impeaching every suspicious transaction, although for the time being, it may not be necessary to adopt this course of conduct. In the case of subsequent creditors whose interest accrues at a period too remote the section will remain, on this construction, a dead letter. Further, if the date of alienation is the starting point, creditors may become barred, for no fault of theirs, as it is very likely that they may not in time become aware of the transaction itself without even, be it noted, any active steps being taken by the debtor to conceal the transaction from his creditors.
7. Lot me now take the second theory suggested, the date of knowledge being the starting point As I have said, it matters little to a creditor that his debtor has alienated some of the properties. Why should a creditor be driven to embark on litigation, merely because it has come to his knowledge that his debtor has entered into a transaction not above board? The property still remaining as I have said, may suffice or they may hope that the debtor may in time rally and no creditor can be expected to have before him a balance sheet disclosing actually the debtor's affairs.
8. The view then I have taken, namely, that the exercise of the option is the starting point imposes no unnecessary burden on the creditors. When they find that their interests demand that the transaction should be set aside, they exercise the option and avoid the transaction. Moreover, it is now settled that the option may be exercised otherwise than by the institution of a suit. Firstly, a creditor may attach the property alienated and he may do so, whatever may be the length of time that has lapsed from the date of alienation. Secondly, if on attachment, the transferee prefers a claim under Order 21, Rule 58, Civil P.C, and the claim is allowed, the judgment-creditor may file the statutory suit prescribed by Rule 63, without regard again to the lapse of time from the date of alienation : See Pokker v. Kunhamad [1919] 42 Mad. 143. Thirdly, if the claim is, on the other hand, disallowed and the transferee files the suit under Rule 63, the creditor may defend it by showing that the transaction was in fraud of creditors : See Ramaswami Chettiar v. Mallappa Reddiar [1920] 43 Mad. 760. In all these cases, the creditor exercises the option without resorting to suit, under Section 53, and it would be anomalous to hold that, although his right to file a suit is barred, his right still subsists to question the transaction by these other methods.
9. Mr. Jagannadha Doss strongly argued that the starting point should not be made to rest upon such a shifting ground as. exercise of option. I see nothing objectionable in this. To take another instance from the Limitation Act, under Article 60: the period of limitation for a suit to recover money deposited under an agreement that it shall be payable on demand, is three years from the date when the demand is made. The making of the demand is entirely dependent upon the volition of the plaintiff and the period of limitation may be indefinitely prolonged and a suit may be instituted without even a demand being made, in which case no question of limitation arises. The exercising of the option is antilogous in this respect to the making of the demand and the option may be exercised by the filing of the suit itself, in which case the question of limitation will likewise not arise. Mr. Jagannadha Doss, in his exhaustive argument, contended that this will be a startling result. I do not, in the least, agree with him. On the other hand, the English cases show that this is assumed to be the normal position. In re, Maddaver Three Town Banking Co. v. Maddaver [1884] 27 Ch. D. 523 a creditor brought an auction to set aside a conveyance several years after it was made, and although he had been aware of the facts during the whole period and gave no satisfactory reason for his delay, the . Court of appeal held, affirming North, J, that his right to impeach the transaction was not barred. The only limitation recognized is that the debt should be subsisting. North, J., puts it thus:
Where parties have been merely non-active, I do not see any reason why they should not take proceedings at any time, while the debt is a subsisting debt. The time might have arrived when the Statute of Limitations would be a bar, and, of course, when the debt was gone, no proceedings could be taken in respect of it.
10. Cotton, L.J., observes:
The plaintiffs in this case say : 'We are creditors whose debt is not barred and we seek payment out of property conveyed away by the debtor by a deed which the statute of 13, Eliz. C. 5, makes void as against us. The defendant relies on the delay of the creditor, but I am of opinion that this defence is not effectual.
11. See also May on Fraudulent Conveyances, page 120, where the learned author says:
Since the right of a creditor to set aside a deed under 13 Bliz. C. 5, is a legal right and not merely a right to get aside the instrument on equitable grounds, the fact that the creditor has delayed to take proceedings to set aside the deed under that statute, although with full knowledge of the facts, is immaterial, so long as the delay has not been such as to create a statutory bar. Until the right to recover the debt is barred by the Statutes of Limitations, the legal right to avoid the deed exists, and no equity arises from the mere delay to enforce it.
12. Mr. Jagannadha Doss next contended that the nature of the action is representative and if one creditor is barred the whole body of creditors becomes barred. May a creditor bring a suit on his own behalf or must the suit be brought on behalf of all the creditors? This question does not strictly arise, although I may say that on this point the preponderance of authority, so far as Madras is concerned, is in favour of the view that a creditor may bring such a suit on his own behalf. See Krishnan, J's. judgment in Pokker v. Kunhamad [19191 42 Mad. 143 and Justice Sadasiva Aiyar's observation at p. 781, in Ramaswami Chettiar v. Mallappa Reddiar [1920] 43 Mad. 760. Again under Section 11, Explanation 6, Civil Procedure Code, the section relating to res judicata, the result of a suit brought by one creditor, bona fide contested, may be binding on the transferee and on the general body of creditors. I express no opinion on this. But, assuming that, when there has been a suit, the principle of res judicata applies, it does not by any means follow that the inaction of the creditor, that is to say, his failure to file a suit within six years of his exercising the option, bars the general body of creditors. Under Section 53 of the Transfer of Property Act;
Any person so defrauded, defeated or delayed may avoid the transaction.
13. An individual right is conferred upon each creditor by this section and the inaction or laches of one cannot deprive the others of their rights. The learned vakil for the appellant relied on the analogy furnished by Varamma v. Gopaladasayya [1918] 41 Mad. 659 where, by reason of the nearest reversioner failing to sue, within the time limited, to set aside an alienation by a Hindu widow, all the reversioners existing as well as subsequently born were barred by limitation. The matter is not in parimateria. Special considerations apply in the ease of suits by reversioners and the analogy is misleading.
14. As the Receiver represents all the creditors, granting that the inaction of one may lead to the result contended for, it must be observed that, in this ease, it is not suggested that any particular creditor exercised his option at a time too remote for the suit to be brought. Therefore, though I have dealt with the matter at some length, the question as to the nature of the suit under Section 53, Transfer of Property Act, does not, as I have said, on the facts arise.
15. I hold that the suit is not barred by limitation.
16. It is lastly urged that the suit is quite a frivolous one, as appears from the previous proceedings that transpired in insolvency, but this is a matter we cannot go into, as the suit remains to be tried on the other issues in the case.
17. The only order as to costs that we propose to make is that they shall abide the event.
Madhavan Nair, J.
18. I agree with my learned brother that the plaintiff's suit in this case is not barred by limitation, but with regard to the grounds for that decision, I regret 1 have to differ from him.
19. I agree that a creditor's suit under Section 53 of the Transfer of Property Act is governed by Article 120 of the Indian Limitation Act ; but I think that the starting point for limitation is not the date on which the creditor exercises the option to avoid the transfer, but it is the date on which the circumstances entitling the creditor to have the transfer avoided first become known to him. The result of holding that the starting point for limitation is the exercise of option by the creditor is that the creditor, in that case, would be entitled to wait any number of years he pleases before bringing the suit, which would mean that in effect, there would be no period of limitation at all for a suit under Section 53 of the Transfer of Property Act. Having regard to the spirit and provisions of the Indian Limitation Act which contains also a residuary article for all suits not specifically provided for, I think that we should not construe Section 53 of the Transfer of Property Act in such a way as to have the abovementioned effect, unless the language thereof clearly compels us to adopt such a construction.
20. Section 53, of the Transfer of Property Act runs as follows:
Every transfer of immovable property made with intent to defraud prior or subsequent transferees thereof for consideration, or co-owners or other persons having an interest in such property, or to defeat or delay the creditors of the transferrer, is voidable at the option of any person so defrauded, defeated or delayed.
21. The sole basis, as it appears to me, for the view that the starting point of limitation is the date of the exercise of option by the creditor is the use of the expression, at the option ' in the above section. In my opinion, it is not necessary nor is it right to interpret that expression in such a way as to make the exercise of option the starting point. The same expression occurs in Sections 2 Clause (i), 19 and 19(A) of the Indian Contract Act. There it, has been used simply to indicate at whose instance it is that the transaction referred to therein is voidable and has no reference at all to any question of limitation for Article 114 of the Limitation Act pro-vides that the period of limitation for a suit for the rescission of a contract commences from the date when the facts entitling the plaintiff to have the contract rescinded first became known to him. I think that the words ' at the option of ' which occur in Section 53 of the Transfer of Property Act should also be construed in the same manner and the question whether a suit under that section is barred should be judged solely from a consideration of Article 120 of the Limitation Act.
22. Under Article 120 the time from which the period begins to run is ' when the right to sue accrues ' I agree with my learned brother that the date of the transfer (alienation) sought to be avoided can-not be the starting point for limitation. If we hold that the date of the transfer is the starting point, then, in a case where the creditor comes to know of the transfer only more than 6 years after the date thereof, it would have to be held that the right to sue had not only accrued to him, but has terminated as well, before he himself knew anything about the transaction, which would mean that the creditor would have no opportunity of avoiding the transfer at all. It is not therefore right to hold that the starting point of limitation is the date of alienation. When once the creditor comes to know of the circumstances which entitle him under Section 53, be avoid the transfer, there can be no further impediment in the way of his bringing the suit and I think the right to. sue accrues to him within the meaning of Article 120, from the date of such knowledge. This view finds support in the judgment of Phillips, J., in Venkateswara Aiyar v. Somasundaram Chettiar [1918] 7 L.W. 280, the learned Judge says :
That the cause of action arises on the date when the creditor seeking to set aside the alienation knows that he has been defeated, defrauded, or delayed.
23. It is true that it is not specifically stated in Article 120 that this is the starting point and that only the general expression 'when the right to sue accrues' occurs in that article, but it is a residuary article for all suits not specifically provided for and, as such, the language thereof has necessarily to be general. The interpretation to be put on that expression would, to a certain extent, depend on the particular class of cases to which the article is sought to be applied. As observed by Phillips, J.:
In all cases of fraud, misconduct, etc., the period of limitation for a suit begins to run from the time when the fraud, misconduct, etc., becomes known ; (vide Articles 90, 91, 95, 96 etc.,) but no such provision could be inserted in Article 120, for it is a residuary article and thus applicable to every variety of suit not otherwise provided for and is not confined to suits based on fraud. If such a suit coming within Article 120 is based on fraud, the time when the right to sue accrues, must, I think, be determined in consonance with the principle governing the other specific suits based on fraud, and that is, that the time, when the fraud becomes known, becomes the starting point for limitation.
24. No doubt, it is stated by the learned Judge that a suit by a creditor under Section 53 depends upon the exercise of option by him, but he states this, in order to negative the contention that the right to sue accrues on the date of alienation itself. I think, Krishnan. J., also, in the judgment under appeal, takes the same view ; for he observes thus in the concluding portion of his judgment:
The Receiver himself puts the cause of action as having arisen on the 31st July 1915, when one Sambiah and others learnt that the suit mortgage deed was a collusive document. It does not appear that Sambiah knew it earlier. Taking this view, it seems to me that the suit is not barred by limitation.
25. It is true that the learned Judge makes reference in an earlier portion of his judgment to the exercise of option by the creditor or by the Receiver, but the contest shows that he is there considering the question as to whether each of the creditors has got a separate right of suit under Section 53, or whether, if one creditor is barred by limitation from bringing the suit, the rest are also barred ; and I think that he did not intend to lay down that the exercise of option is the starting point for limitation. The decision in In Re Maddevar, Three Towns Banking Company v. Maddevar [1884] 27 Ch. D. 523 does not, in my view, help us in deciding the present question. That case merely decides that delay on the part of the creditors to take proceedings even after full knowledge of the facts, is immaterial provided the delay is not such as to create a statutory bar.
26. It is true, as pointed out by my learned, brother, that there would be some anomaly if a creditor is allowed to set out, in a suit under Order 21, Rule 63 of the Code of Civil Procedure, the fraudulent nature of the transfer as against the claimant, even though he may be barred by limitation from bringing a suit under Section 53 to have the transfer avoided, but it appears to me that the anomaly would still exist, even if we adopt the ' option theory ,' for, supposing the creditor exercises the Option on a particular date and keeps quiet for more than 6 years without bringing a suit, under Section 53, I take it that in proceedings under Order 21, Rule 63, such creditor may still set up the fraudulent nature of the transfer as against the claimant. This consideration, therefore, does not in my view give me any help in solving the present question.
27. For the reasons above stated, I am of opinion that the starting point for limitation is the date on which the circumstances entitling the creditor to have the transfer avoided first become known to him. In view of the fact that a few of the creditors in this case knew of the fraudulent character of the alienation in 1909, i.e., more than six year3 before the suit, it becomes necessary to consider whether the creditor's right of suit under Section 53 is an individual right which each individual creditor has or whether it is only a representative right in the sense that if one creditor is barred by limitation from bringing the suit, the others are also barred. I agree with my learned brother in thinking that the right of suit under Section 53 is an individual right which each creditor has. It is true that, if a creditor obtains a decree in a suit under Section 53, that decree accrues to the benefit of the other creditors as well, but I think Section 53 confers on each of the creditors the right of bringing a suit on his own behalf. As the Receiver represents the whole body of the creditors and as some at least of the creditors knew that the suit mortgage deed was a collusive document only within 6 years of the suit, I hold the suit by the Receiver is not barred by limitation.
28. In the result I agree that this appeal should be dismissed. I agree with him as regards the costs also.