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*By:- Ningthoujam Rameshchandra
The erstwhile Asiatic Kingdom of Manipur which was contentiously merged with India is experiencing armed conflict to exercise the right to self-determination since 1949. The prolonged armed conflict between the state and non-state has created an armed conflict situation. The state actors in order to suppress the voice for self-determination are deploying thousands of security forces with special powers without the consent of the state. The special power -Armed Forces Special Powers Act 1958 is a colonial legacy where the Coloniser (British) used against the people of British-India to suppress the movement of Quit India during the early 1940s. The act empowers any armed forces to torture or kill anyone on mere suspicion. Surprisingly, in democratic India, the Act is imposed in the name of counter-insurgency operation but it neither helps in minimising the conflict nor brings peace. It only helps in bringing more security forces including the Indian army, which are trained to fight the external forces or enemy that aggrieve the human security. The proposed paper will discuss the human rights situation that has created out of the counter-insurgency operations in Manipur.
Key Words: AFSPA-1958, Armed conflict, Sate/non state actors, Manipur.
The term colonialism generally refers to the establishment, acquisition, expansion and maintaining of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. The colonists change social structure, economy and governance of the colonized territory. Colonialism normally refers to a period from the 15th to the 20th century when people from Europe established colonies on other continents. There are some common characteristics of colonialism, such as: political and legal domination over an alien territory; relations of economics and political dependence; exploitation between imperial powers and the colony; racial and cultural inequality (Yilmaz 2010).
Colonialism is a broad concept that refers to the project of European political domination from the fifteenth to the twentieth centuries that ended with the national liberation movements of the 1960s. The legitimacy of colonialism was also a topic of debate among French, German, and British philosophers in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Enlightenment thinkers such as Kant, Smith and Diderot were critical of the barbarity of colonialism and challenged the idea that Europeans had the obligation to "civilize" the rest of the world. At first it might seem relatively obvious that Enlightenment thinkers would develop a critique of colonialism. The system of colonial domination, which involved some combination of slavery, quasi-feudal forced labor, or expropriation of property, is antithetical to the basic Enlightenment principle that each individual is capable of reason and self-government (Margaret K 2011 cited in Yilmaz 2010).
Manipur, one of the states amongst India's northeastern region, had established a sophisticated kingdom at the time when state formation was unknown to most parts of the region (Chandhoke, 2006). The state is as big as Israel in its size where it shares its frontier with Myanmar to the east. China lies to the north, and Bangladesh to the south. It has 9 administrative districts and Imphal is the capital city. Manipur was recognized by foreign nations, especially by the Shan kingdom with the 1470 C.E agreement between the king Kiyamba of Manipur and Khekhomba of Pong (Shan Kingdom) in upper Burma. The Anglo Manipur Friendship Treaty in 1762, Anglo Manipuri Defense protocol of 1763, Treaty of Yandabo followed it in 1826 between the British government and the Burmese government after the Burmese occupied Manipur (1819-1826-remembered as "Seven Year Devastation") (Hanjabam, 2008). Not only have the Meeteis[1] possessed a distinct political and territorial status for centuries, they also have a highly literate and developed culture, an advanced literary tradition which stretches back a thousand years, and a distinctive linguistic tradition (Chandhoke, op.cit). The British administered the state of Manipur directly from 1891-1947 after they defeated Manipur in 1891. But remain a British protectorate till 1947. On 15th August 1947 the British left Manipur. Accordingly she regained her independence after 56 years. The king surrendered his power to the people through the Manipur State Constitution Act 1947. Popular government was formed through the adult franchise in 1948. But it was short-lived as Manipur merged contentiously with India on 21st September 1949 (Hanjabam, 2008). Manipur became a state in 1972.
Manipur lies on the routes between South-Asia, Southeast-Asia and Central-Asia. Various ethnic groups belonging to southern-Mongoloid groups, the Tibeto-Burman, the Indo-Aryans and a sizable section of Tai (from Shan kingdom) came to Manipur from pre-historic times down to the present day. The present ethnic groups of Manipur viz: – the Meities, the Naga tribes, the Kuki Chin tribes and other communities are the descendants of those migrating people (Kamei G 1991).
Armed Forces Special Power Act (AFSPA)-1958
The Act – the Armed Forces Special Power Act 1958– was enacted by the Parliament in 1958 and it was known initially as Armed Forces (Assam and Manipur) Special Powers Act, 1958. It was imposed to suppress the Naga Movement in Naga Hills. It is the colonial legacy where the Coloniser (British) used against the people of British-India to suppress the movement of Quit India during the early 1940s, and has been enacted in order to suppress Quit India Movement by the British colonist. It was a colonial tool for continuation of colonization. The AFSPA 1958 of India inherited the same powerful political potency (Hanjabam, 2008). The Act was preceded by an Ordinance called Armed Forces (Assam and Manipur) Special Powers Ordinance, 1958 promulgated by the President of India on 22-5- 1958. The Act applied to the entire State of Assam and the Union Territory of Manipur. After the new States of Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland came into being, the Act was appropriately adapted to apply to these States[2]. The act has also been operated in the Kashmir valley since 1990 and in Jammu since 2001. The Act has not been made applicable to any other State in the country.
As originally enacted, the power to declare an area to be a 'disturbed area' was conferred only upon the State governments. However, Act 7 of 1972 amendment conferred such a power concurrently upon the Central government. The reason for conferring such a power upon the Central government is stated in the 'Objects and Reasons' appended to the Bill, which reads thus: "The Armed Forces (Assam and Manipur) Special Powers Act, 1958 empowers only the Governors[3] of the States and the Administrators of the Union Territories to declare areas in the concerned State of Union Territory as 'disturbed'. Keeping in view the duty of the Union under Article 355 of the Constitution, inter alia, to protect every State against internal disturbance, it is considered desirable that the Central government should alsohave power to declare areas as 'disturbed', to enable its armed forces to exercise the special powers."
The Preamble to the Act, as amended, reads as follows: "An Act to enable certain special powers to be conferred upon members of the Armed Forces in disturbed areas in the State of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura."Sub-section (2) of Section 1, the Act applies the Act to the States mentioned in the preamble.
Section 2 defines the expressions 'Armed Forces' in clause (a) and 'disturbed areas' in clause (b). They read as follows:
"(a) 'Armed Forces' means the military force and the air force operating as land forces and includes any other armed force of the Union so operating. (Thus the Armed Forces established and maintained by the Union also fall within this definition.)
"(b) 'Disturbed area' means an area which is for the time being declared by notification under Section 3 to be a disturbed area."
Clause (c) of Section 2 says that all other words and expressions used in the Act but not defined, but defined in the Air Force Act, 1950 or the Army Act, 1950 shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them in those Acts.
Section 3 of the Act reads as follows:
"Power to declare areas to be disturbed areas. —If, in relation to any State or Union Territory to which this Act extends, the Governor of that State or the Administrator of that Union Territory or the Central Government, in either case, is of the opinion that the whole or any part of such State or Union Territory, as the case may be, is in such a disturbed or dangerous condition that the use of armed forces in aid of the civil power is necessary, the Governor of that State or the Administrator of that Union Territory or the Central Government, as the case may be, may, by notification in the Official Gazette, declare the whole or such part of such State or Union Territory to be a disturbed area".
Such a power can also be exercised by the central government by virtue of the 1972 Amendment Act. This Section, however, does not specifically say either that the Governor may, after issuing a declaration, request the Union government to depute the armed forces nor does it say expressly that the central government may, on issuance of a notification under the Section, depute armed forces to the State to act in aid of the civil power. Probably, these steps were thought to be implicit in the situation (Reddy Commission report 2005).
Section 4 enumerates the special powers of the armed forces, which are deployed in a State or a part of the State to act in aid of civil power. The Section reads as follows:
" Special powers of the armed forces. —Any commissioned officer, warrant officer, non-commissioned officer or any other person of equivalent rank in the armed forces may, in a disturbed area, —
(a) If he is of opinion that it is necessary so to do for the maintenance of public order, after giving such due warning as he may consider necessary fire upon or otherwise use force, even to the causing of death, against any person who is acting in contravention of any law or order for the time being in force in the disturbed area prohibiting the assembly of five or more persons or the carrying of weapons or of things capable of being used as weapons or of firearms, ammunition or explosive substances;
(b) If he is of opinion that it is necessary so to do, destroy any arms dump, prepared or fortified position or shelter from which armed attacks are made or are likely to be made or are attempted to be made, or any structure used as training camp for armed volunteers or utilized as a hideout by armed gangs or absconders wanted for any offence;
(c) Arrest, without warrant, any person who has committed a cognizable offence or against whom a reasonable suspicion exists that he has committed or is about to commit a cognizable offence and may use such force as may be necessary to effect the arrest;
(d) Enter and search without warrant any premises to make any such arrest as aforesaid or to recover any person believed to be wrongfully restrained or confined or any property reasonably suspected to be stolen property or any arms, ammunition or explosive substances believed to be unlawfully kept in such premises, and may for that purpose use such force as may be necessary."
Critical analysis
The predecessor of AFSPA 1958- the Armed Force Special Power Ordinance 1942, was a colonial instrument for continuation of colonization. The AFSPA 1958 of India inherited the same powerful political potency (Hanjabam, op.cit). The AFSPA, enacted in 1958 that made an amendment in 1972 make more heinous with dehumanizing manifestation of the obsession with the power in the name of the state security, to the complete indifference about human security (Roy Burman, B.K, nd, cited in Hanjabam op.cit). As mention above, it gives Armed/security forces the legal immunity for their actions. There can be no prosecution, suit or any other legal proceeding against anyone acting under that law. Nor is the government's judgment on why an area is found to be "disturbed" subject to judicial review.
On the other side, the government of India and the armed forces, for the sake of national security, justifies the Act, though; it hardly suits to the Preamble of one of the most exhaustive written constitution. The Preamble of India says: –
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity;
and to promote among them all
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.
It took just few hours to pass the bill in the parliament. The prospect of taking certain actions can be emotionally more satisfactory for decision makers. Judgments about 'right' or 'wrong', 'courageous' or 'cowardly' stem from moral significance and ideologies as well as concerns with self-image. Not only 'courageous' self-images but also 'patriotic' values in support of the strong military often favor the use of coercive methods. National leaders may feel that it is right, and 'even a moral or religious duty, to use coercive methods in order to "win" against adversaries' (Patchen, 1988: 125 cited in Jeong, 2008)). The shared moral principles, ideology, and self-image call for the automatic use of force in confronting a diabolic enemy. President Bush has, for example, legitimized the abuse of terrorist suspects at secret military prisons on the basis of 'the protection of democracy' and 'freedom' (ibid).
The Indian Armed Forces, who are particularly trained to secure the country's' safety against a foreign invasion, are being engaged to combat internal conflict with extraordinary power of impunity. In the period of 1980s to May 30th May 2007, 2,675 civilians and 1,314 militants were killed, while 2,061 civilians were injured and only 865 militants surrendered to the Govt. authorities (Hanjabam op.cit). The figures of death and causalities appears in official state, Govt. and Security Force releases do not give a complete and accurate picture of the extend of violence. Many abuses are not even reported (especially beating and sexual assault) either, because of intimidation, lack of understanding of the procedure, or simply because the victims have no confidences upon the police. The information that are gathered are only of high profile cases that arouse enough public outcry (Parrat, 2005).
There has been a number of Combing Operations as part of the counter insurgency[4] operation in Manipur. Worth mentioning operations are – Operation Blue Bird (1987), Operation All Clear (2004), Operation Tornado (2005), Operation Dragnet (2006). These operations were remembered by the most of the people and Human Rights bodies because of the rampant human rights violations-especially using villagers as "Human Shields" to prevent possible ambushes from the militia groups (Hanjabam, op.cit). Physical abuses and Human Right violation such as beating, torture, detention without trial, death in the custody, rape and sexual harassment, and random shooting has been a part of life in northeast India in general and Manipur in particular. Civilian people have developed the fear psychosis of picking up by Armed Forces some day or the other.
Some major notable incidences of gross Human Right Violations in Manipur are:
- Heirangoithong incidence of March 14th, 1984 where, 13 people including 2 children were killed and over 30 injured by indiscriminate firing of Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) personnel (Parrat, op.cit).
- Operation Blue Bird at Oinam in 10th July 1987 where 15 civilian deaths while many became the victim of physical and mental torture, rape and illegal detention (ibid).
- Tera Bazar incidence of 25th March 1993 where, 5 civilians were killed and many others received bullet injuries. However, no enquiry has been instituted to date (MRF, EQ Vol. 3 Issue I).
- Regional Medical College (now RIMS) incidence of 7th January 1995 where, the CRPF personnel shot dead nine innocent persons in retaliation to attacks on them by the members of an armed opposition group (Begum, 2010).
- Malom incidence of November 2nd, 2000 where, 10 civilians including a 63 years old women and a boy who was a National Bravery Awardees shot dead on the spot by Assam Rifles convoy in retaliation of the insurgent attack. A brutal combing operation was followed by. Irom Sharmila's fast-to-death began in the aftermath of this incident where she is still continuing till date (Begum, 2010).
- The Great June Uprising incidence of June 18th 2001 where, 18 people including a woman were gunned down by CRPF personnel in the name of suppressing the agitation[5].
- Leplen Mass Torture of 2002[6]
- Pangei Bazar incidence of April 9th, 2002 where, Ms. Robita Chanu, 18 years, student of Naorem Bihari College and Mr. Khundrakpam Ashem Romajit Singh of Brighter Academy were allegedly killed in CRPF shooting following an ambush on the CRPF (MRF, EQ vol. 3 Issue 1).
- Fake encounter in Imphal city on July 23rd 2009 where, Rabina Devi a five month pregnant woman walking with her two year old son, and, 22years old Sanjit were gunned down by City police commandos, leaving the crowded city in chaos (Tehelka 2009).
- Fake encounter of Andro in November 1st 2009 where, 7 youth has been gunned down by 28th Assam Rifles troops in suspicion of militants (The Hueiyen New Service- 31st January 2011).
In addition to the above incidences- Oinam Leikai incidence on November 21st 1980, Ukhrul incidence on May 9th 1995, Bashikhong incidence on February 19th 1995, Churachandpur incidence on July 21, 1999, Nungleiban incidence on October 15, 1997, Tabokpikhong incidence on August 12, 1997, and Tonsen Lamkhai incidence on October 4, 1998 are worth mentioning (Begum, 2010). No doubt, in most of the cases of these above mention incidences are quite the implication of the armed opposing/militant groups. Unfortunately, the innocent people face the weight.
The AFSPA-1958 has done a huge damage to soul and mind of the people of northeast India in general and Manipur in particular. Ironically, when AFSPA-1958 was imposed in Manipur[7], there were hardly any Self-Determinist groups who are working on self-deterministic ideology. But today, Manipur lead the list in terms of numbers of militias (IMC 2002, cited in Baruah, 2007). There are now almost forty groups operating in Manipur (Baruah, 2007). Various Members of Parliament and even the current Prime Minister of India – Sri Dr. Manmohan Singh had voiced that The Armed Forces Special Power Act is "inhuman". Unfortunately, the "Inhuman/unconstitutional Law" is still gladly imposed against the will of the people or against the constitutional right. Sri Achau Singh (Manipur), Sri Warrior (Trichur), Sri Mahanty (All MPs) argued against the Act terming as "Martial Law" (LSD, p1426; Quated in Sanajaoba 2006, Hanjabam 2008). Retd. Justice Jeevan Reddy on its Committee Report[8] recommended to repeal the Act altogether in which, the then defense minister rejected the recommendation out rightly (The Hindu June 26th 2007, Hanjabam 2008).
In handling the current relationship effectively, the first step is to acknowledge the history of the underlying conflict. It is this history that often explains why people feel as they do end which can give hints about possible remedies for the current situation. A history of past events must be taken seriously, then, to assess not only their impact on development of an ongoing conflict, but also on possible approaches for conflict management or resolution. However, the initiatives towards conflict resolution are hindered by the refusal to recognize the legitimacy and rights of the groups that have been marginalized by discriminatory social structures and norms. In addition, a lack of agreement on suitable process for resolution has been an obstacle to discussion about substantive issues (Jeong, 2008).
In fact that AFSPA-1958 is a discriminatory act, which is imposed only in India's northeastern states and J&K. The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act-1967 (as amended by the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Act. 2004) that is imposed in all over states of India has more then enough power to curb problem of law and order situation or terrorist activities. Section 4, of the Act (AFSPA-1958), that conferred various powers upon any commissioned officer, warrant officer, non-commissioned officer or any other person of equivalent rank in the armed forces is of-course, the powers that are functional only in an area notified as 'disturbed area' under Section 3. Section 6 of the act, confers a protection upon the persons acting under the Act. No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding can be instituted against such person "in respect of anything done or purported to be done in exercise of the powers conferred by this Act", except with the previous sanction of the central government.
However, to fire upon or otherwise use force, even to the causing of death, against any person who is acting in contravention of any law and order or, power to enter and search without warrant to make an arrest etc., contradicts the Preamble or, article 21 of the world's most exhaustive constitution that expressly declares that no person shall be deprived of her/his life or personal liberty except in accordance with the procedure established by law[9].
Northeast India in general and Manipur in particular, does not fit easily into a standard democracy in today's post-colonial era. The region has been affected by several decades old armed conflict that is least know in the world even though the people of the region are paying the price with their blood and tears. India's human rights records in the northeast would have put many other democracies to shame. Yet the debate upon violation of human rights stuck upon 'which came first: chicken or the egg' kind of controversy on whether the security forces, or the insurgent bear the responsibility for the sorry state of human rights or whether the region's fledging human rights groups have a pro-insurgent bias. The Act specially designed for the northeast and that has remained in force for decades – despite popular protests – makes serious violations of human rights possible (Baruah, op.cit). Democracy, as Guillermo O'Donnell argues that, 'it is not only a polyarchical political regime but also a particular mode of relationship, between state and citizens, and among citizens themselves, under a kind of rule of law that, in addition to political citizenship, upholds civil citizenship and a full network of accountability' (O'Donnell 1999: 321 cited in Baruah op.cit). Armed Forces Special Powers Act or in short AFSPA, makes the regime of informal illegalities – or at least some of the worse forms of illegalities such as the use of secret killer – possible. Whatever, the justification for such laws, the real cost of the way India chosen to engage with the challenge of independentist militancy is the erosion of the principles of rule of law, accountability, and transparency.
*This article was submitted by Ningthoujam Rameshchandra, EMA Member, who is currently in Spain for his Phd Degree. A detail resume of the writer can be found below:
Writer Profile: Ningthoujam Rameshchandra is currently enrolled for PhD degree program at International and Intercultural Studies at University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain. European Commission through Erasmus Mundus scholarship program is funding his PhD program. His works mainly focuses on migration and conflict, Human Rights etc. He has presented a paper titled – "Colonial Instrument in Democratic India: A Case of Armed Forces Special Power Acts 1958", at Sustainable Peace Building (SPBUILD) conference held at Universidad de Duesto. He did his Master of Arts in Social Work from Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India. He has been part of Gyuja- TATA Project as program officer in Leh, Ladakh, J&K, India (2009-10). You can contact him on firstname.lastname@example.com
Baruah, S. (2009) Durable Disorder – Understanding the Politics of Northeast India, Oxfort University Press, New Delhi.
Begum, A.A. (2010) AFSPA and Unsolved Massacre in Manipur, Milli Gazatte, Online Publication, Published on December 7, 2010, Print issue of 16-30th November on page no. 14.
Chandhoke, N. (2006) A state of One's Own: Secessionism and Federalism in India, Working –paper No 80, Crisis State Programme, LSE, London.
Chaudhury, S. (2009) Tehelka Magazine, Vol. 6, Issue 32, Dated August 15, 2009 http://www.tehelka.com/story_main42.asp?filename=Ne150809coverstory.asp
Constitution of India, collected and edited by The All India Christian Council, www.christiancouncil.in, P 1-9, http://indianchristians.in/news/images/resources/pdf/constitution_of_india_and_selected_articles.pdf, downloaded on 24th November, 11
Hanjabam, S.S. (2008) The Youth Panorama in Northeast India, Asia-Europe Journal, Vol 5, No 4.
-(2008), The Meitei Upsurge in Manipur, Spinger-Verlag-2007, Published online: 17th January 2008.
Jeevan Reddy, B.P. (2005) Report of the Committee to Review the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958, Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, New Delhi.
Jeong, H.W. (2008) Understanding Conflict and Conflict analysis; Sage Publication, Los Angeles.
Kamei, G. (1991) History of Manipur, Vol. 1, National Publishing House, New Delhi.
Loitongbam, B. "Dignity and Human Security in Manipur", Manipur Research Forum, Eastern Quarterly, Vol. 3 Issue I, Delhi, http://www.manipurresearchforum.org/Archive/website/previous_article003.htm.
Margaret, K. (2011) "Colonialism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, September 21, 2011, http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2011/entries/colonialism/.
Parrat, J. (2005) Wounded Land – Political and Identity in Modern Manipur, Mittal Publication, New Delhi.
The Hindu (2011) Begin healing process in J&K, says U.N. Special Rapporteur, January 22nd 2011 edition, New Delhi,
– (2006) Manipuris Observe 'Great June Uprising', 19th June, Monday 2006. Online Edition http://www.hindu.com/2006/06/19/stories/2006061901521300.htm
Yilmaz, M. (2010) The Politics of Post Colonialism and Multiculturalism: A case of Malaysia, Journal of Academic Studies, May-June 2010, Vol.12 Issue 45, P 133-142.
[1] Meeteis are one amongst the major ethnic communities settled in Manipur. They mostly settle in the valley of Manipur.
[2] During the 1950s, most of the current states of India's northeast region were under one administrative province.
[3] Governors are the representatives of the central government assign to every states in a Quasi-federal form of Indian Govt.
[4] Insurgent is somehow not a self-designation but a term generally applied to them by their opponents, and one that prejudges the issue of the legitimacy of their case as, the term 'insurgent' carries that implications not only of violence (which may or may not be justified in individual cases) but also of illegitimacy and insurrection (Parratt J 2009).
[5] In the aftermath of extension of ceasefire "beyond territorial limits" between the Delhi and National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-IM) in June 2001, Manipur people strongly opposed the move and in the protests (The Hindu, 19th June Monday, 2006).
[6] See the link- http://npmhr.org/index.php?limitstart=10
[7] Till 1979, AFSPA was impose only in Naga Hills to suppress the Naga Uprising, but from 1980 it was impose in whole Manipur state (Hanjabam 2008).
[8] See- http://www.hinduonnet.com/nic/afa/. The report that was submitted on 6th of June 2005 to the Indian Govt. was not made public after even one year. The Hindu fortunately published it on 8th of October 2006 (Hanjabam 2008).
[9] Article 14 in Part III of the Constitution ensures to its citizens equality before law and equal protection of laws within the territory of India which means that no citizen or group of citizens shall be discriminated vis-a-vis any other citizen or group of citizens. Article 19 confers upon the citizens six valuable freedoms viz., freedom of speech and expression; freedom to assemble peacefully and without arms; freedom to form associations or unions; freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India; freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India and the freedom to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business subject of course to such reasonable restrictions thereon as may be placed by a law made by the Parliament or State Legislatures under clauses (2) to (6) of the said article. Clauses (1) and (2) of Article 22 confer equally valuable rights upon the citizens of India. See: – http://indianchristians.in/news/images/resources/pdf/constitution_of_india_and_selected_articles.pdf


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I have a phone interview with Interac soon and I wanted to know if anyone has some tips or can tell me what to expect.
I have a phone interview with Interac soon and I wanted to know if anyone has some tips or can tell me what to expect.
There are a couple of posts regarding this, granted they're all scattered throughout the threads...
My Interac telephone interview came about a week after I sent of my application. A lady called me from a mobile number so I was a little thrown off.
She basically asked:
Why Japan
If the March departure date was okay
Do you have teaching experience
Random Q's about my uni
Random Q's about my over seas experience
What I would teach / how I would teach - Specifically how i would deal with HS / ES students
Had I been to Japan
What hobbies do I have
Do I have any teaching qualifications.
It was all very informal, she was friendly with a sense of humor and answered any questions I had.
I obviously applied in the UK, so I'm gonna guess things may be different for you being in the states.
These pages may be useful too:
I'm sure sure there is more but, meh...
Last edited by Shankerbelle; August 12th, 2010 at 00:04. Reason: edited link
That was really helpful. At least I have somewhat of an idea what to expect. Yeah I had searched the boards but only found pieces of info here and there. Thanks a bunch!
I'm glad that helped!
Good luck!
did you turn down the interac offer?
I did. I got an interview with JET and was in the March departure group with Interac. Because I had interviewed in October, I was told I couldnt opt for August departure with them.
Obviously I would rather have gone with JET, so i declined the offer, but then was made an alternate lol.
That's Sod's law for you.
Thanks very much for this comment. It help me to think about my ideals.
Apart from that, this link below may be useful: Phone interview questions
Tks again and pls keep posting.
Last edited by vegetablevn; September 3rd, 2010 at 16:54.
I had my phone interview yesterday and it went well. Thanks for the heads up, it definitely helped me prepare some answers. They mostly asked the stuff that you listed. They asked me some random questions about driving in Japan and if my driving record was ok. They also asked several times if I would be ok with a rural placement.
I had a phone interview last week and they pretty much asked me what has already been stated. Am I ok with driving? Being placed in a rural setting. My experience with kids and teaching, etc.
Edit: I did get a response back but they weren't interested in interviewing me though.
Last edited by Sirrus; August 18th, 2010 at 01:06.
Sorry to hear that Sirrus. Are you planning to apply for the JET programme again this year? From your previous posts, it seems as though you know what you were lacking on your first application, thus being able to improve on it this time around.
Good luck in which ever you decide.

subset: commoncrawl


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Click here to purchase Rabbi David Eliezrie's bestselling book "The Secret of Chabad".
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This was a wonderful lecture And I know there is so much more to learn. I never knew about young Putin's neighbor. Quite interesting.
Wow, I can not believe this. My grandparents would be so surprised about this. Their escape was very terrifying. They made it to America. This is wonderful. Please let this go around the world.
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A tribute and testimony of אהבת ישראל
It seems Jews never had any period of decent treatment in Russia or Soviet Union...Today it seems Putin and the new Russia have changed with respect to how Jews are viewed and treated there...the first time in Russian history it seems...and Chabad is thriving there B'H.
The Secret of Chabad I'm reading the book right now. These are amazing stories especially since I took part in the Soviet Jewry movement back in the 70's.


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This past April, Su Ge, who received his MA in American studies from the Kennedy Center and PhD in American history with a minor in international relations from BYU in 1984 and 1987, respectively, returned to campus to receive a doctorate of international leadership, honoris causa. Ge stopped by the Kennedy Center, where Cory Leonard interviewed him for this special issue of Bridges Alumni Magazine. He currently serves in an academic post as president of the China Institute of International Studies.
Welcome back to Provo, a place you already know well.
Thank you very much. It is an honor to be back on campus—
a place that reminds me of Qinghai Province, in China's northwest, where I grew up, due to its distinctive environment and beautiful natural setting. I have many fond memories of my time living and studying in Utah.
Your experiences in higher education, diplomacy, and policy have been notable. How have you approached thinking about your career path?
My aim has been to study first and then to render services to society, just like the BYU motto says: "Enter to learn; go forth to serve." Before anything else, however, it seems to me that one needs to be a good person, to be righteous and upright. In my case, I have tried to do every job with all my heart and with full dedication.
Why did you first come to Utah?
In 1982, I came to Brigham Young University as a visiting scholar. I taught Chinese at the College of Humanities. A year later, I wished to pursue graduate studies at the Kennedy Center and became one of the first students to receive a scholarship here from the People's Republic of China following the normalization of U.S.–China diplomatic relations. BYU is my alma mater, or what we call the "mother school" in Chinese.
"One should keep a moral bottom line in life and professional standards at work."
Your daughter is also a Kennedy Center graduate?
Yes, my wife, Li Jing, and my daughter, Su Jin, joined me in Provo when I was studying for my degrees. After I had completed a postdoctoral appointment at Harvard University, the whole family returned to China in 1988. I taught as a professor at the Foreign Affairs College in Beijing. Later Su Jin grew up and wanted to study at BYU. She eventually graduated in 2002 from the Kennedy Center with a degree in international studies and an emphasis in global economy. So you can say that we are all proud Cougars and students of international affairs.


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I remember the day that the words to this song came alive in my life, do you?
You are fabulous, you are strong, you are determined, you are a survivor! Life can not throw anything at you that you can not make it through!! Cheers to you fabulous 40 and beyond, I am honored to walk with you xoxo
Stacey glad to have you honey - Fab is a great place to be
Vicki this is a God send for me truly! Thank you I love music it is so powerful to me I love to communicate through music, it's a part of me;)
Back atcha, sister!! I love Fab40!
Thx Stacey! I love it
That was beautiful, Thank you.
Thank you for sharing that..I am glad to have you as one of my Fab Friends.
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Lincoln County Sheriff's Office: Six arrests
Sheriff Todd Brackett reports the following:
The Lincoln County Sheriff's Office responded to a total of 339 calls for the week of Sept. 12 to Sept. 19 and year to date, LCSO has responded to 13,702 calls.
On Sept. 24, Reserve Deputy Michael Elwell took a report of a theft of a Stihl 362c chain saw, orange in color – value: $800 from a residence in the Southport area. Further investigation if leads develop.
One Sept. 21, Jacob A. Robison, 20, of Newcastle was issued a summons for Operating while License is Suspended or Revoked, on Bristol Road, Bristol, by Deputy Chase Bosse.
On Sept. 20, Peter E. Townsend, 33, of Boothbay Harbor was arrested for Violating Condition of Release, at Two Bridges Regional Jail, Wiscasset, by Detective Jared Mitkus.
On Sept. 20, Tucker J. Lewis, 23, of Boothbay was arrested for a Probation Violation at the Lincoln County Sheriff's Office, Wiscasset, by Detective Jared Mitkus, who was assisting Probation Officer Kevin Buckmore.
On Sept. 23, Lisa A. Wallace, 53, of Nobleboro was arrested for Domestic Violence Assault, on Upper East Pond Road, Nobleboro, by Deputy Chase Bosse.
On Sept. 23, Kari L. Robbins, 32, of Newcastle was arrested on two warrants – one from Knox County and one from Lincoln County for Failure to Appear on a warrant for Theft and Violating Condition or Release, on Academy Hill, Newcastle, by Detective Jared Mitkus.
On Sept. 24, Brett M. Glidden, 30, of Winthrop was arrested for Violating a Protection Order, at Two Bridges Regional Jail, Wiscasset, by Deputy Caleb Poirier, for an incident which occurred on Whitefield.
On Sept. 25, Robert Wilke, 54, of Boothbay was arrested for Criminal Mischief and Obstructing Report of a Crime, on Butler Road, Boothbay, by Deputy Kevin Dennison.
On Sept. 22, an accident occurred on Wiscasset Road in Boothbay involving Gail J. Pellegrino, 41, of Haverhill, Massachusetts. Ms. Pellegrino was operating her 2015 Mitsubishi Lancer southbound when she stated she fell asleep and drifted off the side of the road and into a ditch. Detective Scott Hayden was the investigating officer.
On Sept. 22, an accident occurred on Wiscasset Road in Boothbay involving Gregory J. Althenn, 32, of South China. Mr. Althenn was operating his 2006 Sterling LT9500 truck southbound on Wiscasset Road. Law Enforcement and Fire had just arrived on the scene of a vehicle off the road when Mr. Althenn crested a small hill and approached the scene of the other accident. The fire department had shut down southbound traffic due to one lane being blocked, and Althenn was unable to stop in time and ran off the roadway on the right side. There was a 2-3 foot drop off on the side of the road and due to this, Mr. Althenn's truck turned onto its side. Detective Scott Hayden was the investigating officer.
On Sept. 22, an accident occurred on River Road in Boothbay involving Robert Bayard, 83, of Boothbay and Maria Moore, 59, of Boothbay Harbor. Mr. Bayard was operating his 2016 Toyota Corolla westbound and as he came up over a rise at the intersection of Pension Ridge Road, he failed to see Ms. Moore making a right turn onto River Road at Pension Ridge Road in her 2001 Chevrolet S10. Moore saw Bayard coming quickly and attempted to avoid being struck by accelerating around his vehicle, however, Bayard struck Moore's vehicle in the passenger side rear. Sgt. Mark Bridgham was the investigating officer.
On Sept. 23, an accident occurred on Eddy Road in Edgecomb involving Patrick S. Harrington, 33, of Barrington, New Hampshire. Mr. Harrington had parked his 2017 Subaru Forester overnight in the parking lot of the Sheepscot Harbour Village and Resort. In the morning, Harrington discovered his vehicle had received damage to the rear driver's side fender well and bumper. It is unknown as to who may have damaged the vehicle. Reserve Deputy Dwight Fowles was the investigating officer.
On Sept. 23, an accident occurred on Rockland Road in Jefferson involving Donee L. Wyke, 71, of Camden and Patti R. Braley, 44, of Morrill. Ms. Braley was operating her 2012 Chevrolet Malibu eastbound and Ms. Wyke was operating her 2005 Toyota Corolla westbound when Braley made an abrupt left turn into Peaslee's parking lot, failing to yield to Wyke's vehicle. Detective Jared Mitkus was the investigating officer.
On Sept. 24, an accident occurred on Morgan Hill Road in Nobleboro involving Michele A. Bartrug, 72, of Nobleboro; Bruce A. Bartrug, 75, of Nobleboro and Jordan T. Newbert, 31, of Nobleboro. Mr. Newbert was towing a hay bailer and hay trailer with his 1985 John Deere tractor when the hay trailer became unlatched from the bailer, striking Ms. Bartrug's 1998 Honda Civic and Mr. Bartrug's 2008 Honda Civic, which were parked unoccupied in their driveway. Detective Jared Mitkus was the investigating officer.
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Blaze Burns In Downtown Cloudcroft
A fire has destroyed two buildings on Cloudcroft's main street.
Cloudcroft Commissioner Jerry Southland said the fire is burning the Pine Stump Mall. He said several shops are burning.
A spokesman for the south-central New Mexico community, Arlen Ponder, says one building was still burning about 9 a.m. Monday.
Ponder says the blaze broke out between 3:30 and 4 a.m.
The cause isn't known.
Ponder says there are about a dozen buildings on Burro Avenue, the main street of the mountain community.
The two burned buildings sit side by side.
Ponder says two or three other buildings have water damage.
Volunteer fire departments are on the scene to battle the blaze.
Action 7 News has a crew on the way and will provide updates as they become available.
Watch Live On The City's Cloudcroft Webcam


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Words containing alacriti
Found 2 words containing alacriti. Browse our Scrabble Word Finder, Words With Friends cheat dictionary, and WordHub word solver to find words that contain alacriti. Or use our Unscramble word solver to find your best possible play! Related: Words that start with alacriti
- Scrabble
- Words With Friends
- WordHub
- Crossword


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Finally the single arrives in its intended form.
If you grew up in the 90s, then you are all too familiar with the popular show "Living Single". Why bring this up?
Well if you're really a fan of the show then you know Chano and company completely flipped the theme song for the show on his latest release "Living Single".
We wrote this back in July when we thought this was a record that didn't make the cut on Chance the Rapper's Coloring Book. Today we get word that the single has officially been released and billed as Big Sean's single.
Big Sean decided to gift the fans with the record after his "Bounce Back" single entered Billboard's Top 40.
Man #BounceBack just entered Top40 on Hot100, vid dropped this week n I just gotta say thankyou for that, let's keep it up! We been working!
— Sean Don (@BigSean) December 17, 2016
Give it a listen below.


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inverted point
I was talking to a friend last week who was really in distress, having a truly difficult time, and she was holding on to a passage of scripture that promised that God would never give us more than we can handle. Trouble is, when you're feeling completely at the end of yourself, how do you know how much more you can handle? How much longer you can hold out, hold on? And how do you trust a God who gives you this kind of trouble anyway? If he's the one giving you the grief, can you really trust him not to give too much?
Does your faith life make you feel like this?
Does God do this to us? Give us hardships to test us, watching us like a white-coated scientist with a clipboard, making notes… Paraphrased as my friend did above, as we do on bumper stickers and refrigerator magnets, inverts the point of I Corinthians 10:13, which reads, "No temptation has seized you except what is common to man. And God is faithful; he will not let you be tempted beyond what you can bear. But when you are tempted, he will also provide a way out so that you can stand up under it."
Reading carefully, God isn't in the business of handing out hardship–the test, all trials are only what are common to all of us as human beings–they come with the skin suit. But the trials that life brings, that we bring to ourselves and each other, aren't beyond what we can bear because God is always waiting in the midst to show the way out, over, under, through, around… In those most difficult times, if we can keep just enough spiritual balance to remember to lean into the moment–not run from it–God's steadying hand can and will come from the most unexpected places.
2 responses
Dave, that was a post which I especially appreciated. And I made that tremendous photo my desktop so I could remember each time I log in – I Corinthians 10:13.
Thank you!
August 10, 2012 at 9:41 am


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What he's not yet sure about,Kathiresan says, is how to get thenew risk information into people'shands. He has considered launch-ing an app or selling the statisticalmodel to a diagnostics company."Everyone wants to get their score.Everyone is asking where is theproduct for heart disease," he says."I tell them, we are working on it."Heart disease is, in some ways,a best-case scenario for usingrisk scores. That's because youcan change your real-life risk—say, by going on a diet or takinga cholesterol-lowering statin pill.What's more, probabilities arealready a big part of heart medi-cine. Khera, who dons a white coatonce a week to treat patients atMassachusetts General Hospital,uses a combination of a person'sage, weight, cholesterol levels, andhabits like smoking to guess thechance of a heart attack in the next10 years. Now genetic scores couldbe added to those models, makingthem more accurate.
What's powerful about DNA
predictions is that they are measurable at any time of life, unlike
most risk factors. "If you line up
a bunch of 18-year-olds, none of
them have high cholesterol, none of
them have diabetes. It's a zero in all
the columns, and you can't stratify
them by who is most at risk," says
Khera. "But with a $100 test we can
get stratification at least as good as
when someone is 50, and for a lot
of diseases."
Drug companies have started to
notice. Last year Anders Dale,
a brain researcher at the University of California, San Diego,
announced his intention to market a risk calculator for Alzheimer's
disease. It will guess whether a person will develop the disease and, if
so, at what age.
The service won't launch untilthis summer, but Dale says drugcompanies immediately got intouch. Now he is helping three ofthem test the DNA of people in clin-ical trials for Alzheimer's drugs (hedeclined to name them). Despitethe billions spent developing suchdrugs, every one tried so far hasflopped. The problem is that whenno one knows who will get the dis-ease, it's di;cult to know whether apreventive drug is working. If com-panies could test the drugs only onpeople with a high risk of Alzheim-er's, it would be much easier. It'spossible future drugs will be labeled"Recommended for those with poly-genic scores 90 and above."Dale plans to put his Alzheim-er's predictor online and charge $99to anyone who wants to use it. Morethan ten million people alreadyhave their DNA data because theysigned up for 23andMe or Ancestry.com to research their family trees.Dale says they will be able toupload the data with a click andreceive a report. I asked him whypeople would want to know aheadof time about a disease that's cur-rently untreatable. "They may wantto make plans," he said.
Other doctors believe risk scoreswill give people the push they needto think harder about their well-being. "I love the idea of polygenicrisk scores because the future ishealth, not medicine," says Ste-ven Tucker, a physician who prac-tices in Singapore. He likes hispatients to use wearable devicesand trackers, and risk scores couldbe combined with those. Someoneat high risk for atrial fibrillation,for instance, might wear a smartwatch with a heart monitor builtinto it. "My patients want to man-age the future," says Tucker. "If youcan define it more accurately, thereis a better chance you can do some-thing about it."Even so, the value of the newgenomic future-gazing is hotly dis-puted. That's because the scoresare not individual certainties;they are merely rough probabil-ities derived from large popula-tions. Of people given high scoresby Khera's atrial fibrillation pre-dictor, for example, only a smallminority, 7 percent, will actuallyever develop the condition.
This uncertainty matters
because if people are given risk
scores, they'll base decisions on
them. Last fall, Myriad Genetics
became the first large diagnostics
company to introduce a polygenic
risk test to the US market. Called
riskScore, it measures 81 variants
to estimate a woman's chance of
IQ tests
are likely
to become
in coming
Critics fear
"some truly
could result.
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Know more about this business than we do? Cool! Please submit any corrections or missing details you may have.Help us make it right
Be the first MassLive.com user to add photos or videos of Stuart English Designs
Finally had my hair redone at a reputable salon, and they mentioned that it looked like student did my previous root touch-up.
Very small and personal, this hair salon focuses purely on your hair. They are meticulous and focused on the individual style that works for you. With only two chairs, the atmosphere is relaxing without the...
Stuart English Hair Designs is a full-service salon. It is a Goldwell color salon. The two stylists are also skilled in highlights and lowlights, traditional and high-fashion cuts and styles. Perms and fringe maintenance are both offered. Prom and bridal hair arrangements are a specialty, with consultation recommended. An inviting waiting area is available.
Stuart English Designs can be found at E Main St 19. The following is offered: Salons. The entry is present with us since Sep 8, 2010 and was last updated on Nov 14, 2013. In Avon there are 17 other Salons. An overview can be found here.


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See Why "The Hughleys" Child Star Was Accused Of Murder
Remember the cute kid who played D.L. Hughley's son, "Michael Hughley," on the 90's sitcom The Hughleys? He went by the name of Dee Jay Daniels as a child actor and his real name is Dorjan Lyndell Daniels. Daniels is 27 years old now and after also starring in other shows such as In the House, Coach, The Wayans Bros, Grace Under Fire and Cold Case, things have clearly changed for him. Not only does he look a LOT different from the clean cut kid we all knew him to be on the show, but his life almost changed drastically in 2012. When he was 24 (in 2012), he got caught up in a really bad situation that landed him on trial for murder, fighting for his freedom.
This is the last place many probably would have thought a seasoned child actor, like Dee Jay, would have ended up, but unfortunately he did. Was it a matter of being in the wrong place at the wrong time? A matter of hanging with the wrong crowd? Or a matter of letting tensions escalate to the point of no return? We don't know the answer to that, but turn the page and see the details of how Daniels ended up on trial for murder fighting and see how D.L. Hughley stepped in and got involved with his case…
Join us on Facebook for the most engaging discussions from the Old School! Old School News With A New Point Of View!


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Latest Top 40 richest list of Bloomberg does not include Mark Zuckerberg, as Facebook stock fallsBy Angel Cuala on May 31, 2012 in Business, Stock Market, World •
The latest Top 40 richest list of the daily Bloomberg Billionaires Index does not include Facebook CEO and co-founder Mark Zuckerberg, after Facebook stock recently fell to about 9.6 percent.
Facebook CEO and co-founder Mark Zuckerberg
Image Credit: Scott Olson/Getty Images
As explain at Bloomberg.com on on Wednesday, May 30, 2012, Mark Zuckerberg's wealth dropped to $14.7 billion on Tuesday, from $16.2 billion last Friday, making him $800,000 behind Colombian businessman Luis Carlos Sarmiento, the last name in current Top 40 richest list.
According to the report, Facebook shares went down to another 2.3 percent that day to $28.19 per share, far from their closing shares at $38.23 on May 18, the first day of their IPO, with Zuckerberg that time having a net worth of $19.4 billion.
"It seems to be a clear reflection that there was just too much stock issued, that the valuation was aggressive and that a lot of people who lined up to buy it really had no intention of holding it." BMO Harris Private Bank chief investment officer Jack Ablin told Bloomberg on Tuesday via phone interview.
Nevertheless, Zuckerberg, 26, who married his long-time girlfriend Priscilla Chan late last week, still owns 503.6 million shares of Facebook, which recently launched Facebook Camera, a free app that is now available at the Apple App Store and aims to enhance Facebook photo experience on smartphones.
As of this writing, Mexican telecom czar Carlos Slim Helu is now leading Bloomberg's Top 40 richest list with net worth of $66.2 billion, followed by Microsoft founder Bill Gates with $59.7 billion and Berkshire Hathaway CEO Warren Buffett as third with $44.4 billion.
Spread The News!
Follow @BatangasToday


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We are seeking a Car Sales Consultant to become an integral part of our team! You will gauge sales opportunities and provide exceptional customer service to all clients.
- Educate and sell company products and services to new and existing customers
- Reach sales targets by deadline
- Network and build relationships with new and existing client base
- Previous experience in sales, customer service, or other related fields preferred
- Strong negotiation skills
- Deadline and detail-oriented
- Ability to build rapport with clients
- Valid Hawaii driver's license with acceptable traffic abstract
Benefits Include: Medical, dental, vision, 401k, life insurance


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Blog Post
Italian Holiday Sweet Breads 101: Panettone, Pandolce, and Panforte
by Julie Cappellano At Formaggio Kitchen we prepare months in advance for the busy, festive holiday season by placing orders, stocking up on gift baskets and ribbons, and planning our holiday menus. By October we're ready and waiting for the first harbingers of the holidays to arrive from Italy: fluffy, hand-wrapped panettone from Perbellini. About Continue Reading »


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There is a tanguero who I meet quite regularly in class but rarely see at a milonga. In class, he generally gets the basics of the move first time. If I'm fortunate enough to be with him at the start, I know I'm in good hands and we can work on ironing out the difficulties straightaway.
The other night I saw him at a milonga and he asked me to dance. I was pleased and expected a pleasant tanda. Unfortunately, I've now realised that although this tanguero is good at steps and can easily navigate a studio with 8 couples – take him to a full size dance floor, add a lot of dancers (some of which will inevitably be erratic) and suddenly he goes to pieces. As we 'bounced' (ouch!) around the dance floor, I thought 'Is this the same guy?' He led steps that we had done in class admirably well, until 'Bang' – there goes another couple, that 'I' have now hit with my back.
I finally gave up when he stopped quite abruptly in the line of dance and started leading me into Americano with the free leg going forwards and back. One of those erratic couples careered into us and I felt my heel scrape down her ankle! Now it wasn't entirely our fault (they were heading towards us at speed) but instantly my partner announced that they were in the wrong. As the girl 'limped' off the dancefloor, he said, 'The floorcraft is not great tonight is it?' and kept on dancing. Maybe not, but what about the limping girl?, I thought. As the last beats ended, I left him to go and apologise to the girl who thankfully did not bite off my head .
So now I know. Keep him in a classroom, avoid him on the dance floor.


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- Location BENTONVILLE, AR
- Career Area Information Technology
- Job Function Information Technology
- Employment Type Full Time
- Position Type Salary
- Requisition 928721BR
What you'll do at
Clear understanding of Software Engineering principles and patterns. Experience implementing distributed systems in an ephemeral environment. Understanding of Integration Patterns and Architecture. Experienced with J2EE, Java, Informix, NodeJS and Solid understanding of large scale systems design, JAVA/REST Services, cloud environmnets, JavaScrip UI frameworks, NodeJS.
Minimum Qualifications
- Bachelor s degree in Computer Science, Information Technology, or related field and 5 years experience in information technology within the past 10 years OR 7 years experience in information technology or related field within the past 10 years.
Preferred Qualifications
eCommerce supply chain and Backend Services experience
Experience preferred with interfacing in one of the following database technologies (Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, Gemfire, Cloudera Hadoop)
Experience preferred with interfacing in one of the following database technologies (Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, Gemfire, Cloudera Hadoop)
About Walmart Labs
Imagine working in an environment where one experiment can catapult an entire industry toward a smarter future. That's what we do at Walmart Labs. We're a team of 5,000+ software engineers, data scientists, designers and product managers within Walmart, the world's largest retailer, delivering innovations that improve how our customers shop and our enterprise operates.
Hello, NW Arkansas
With over 200 miles of trails, an emerging locally-sourced food scene, the world-renowned Crystal Bridges Museum—NWA has something for everyone.Discover NW Arkansas
- Art
Crystal Bridges Museum
Celebrate the American spirit in a setting that unites the beauty of art and the power of nature.
- Culture
Walton Arts Center
Arkansas' premiere center for visual arts and entertainment.
- Education
The Amazeum
An interactive children's museum that's fun for the whole family.
- Commune
Botanical Gardens
42 acres of premiere public garden space.
- Explore
Devil's Den State Park
Located on 2,500 acres, Devil's Den State Park is the perfect place to explore Arkansas' natural beauty.
- come together
Fayetteville Square
The best of shopping and restaurants, right in the heart of Fayetteville.
All the benefits you need for you and your family
- 100% coverage for in network preventative care
- Retirement Plan
- Vision Plans
- Dental Plans
- Exclusive Discounts


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Honda Insight
From Honda press: Going on sale today, the 2011 Honda Insight hybrid gains new standard features and the addition of a value-oriented entry model that offers enhanced value, exclusive content and a Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) starting at $18,200, plus a destination and handling charge of $750.
The range of Insight models for 2011 now starts with a new value-oriented base model, simply designated as "Insight." As before, the well-equipped "Insight LX" continues to be available, yet with additional features, along with the top-of-the-line "Insight EX," which continues to be available with the Honda Satellite-Linked Navigation System™. All Insight models are equipped with Vehicle Stability Assist™ (VSA®) for 2011, which was previously exclusive to the Insight EX.
The new Insight base model includes remote entry and has exclusive content compared to the other models consisting of unique seating fabric and a basic audio system with CD player and two speakers. The Insight LX gains features for 2011, adding cruise control, a USB audio interface, center armrest storage console and floor mats. The Insight EX adds to the LX features with steering wheel-mounted audio controls (previously exclusive to the Insight EX when equipped with navigation).
The distinctively styled, five-passenger, five-door dedicated hybrid vehicle is powered by an Integrated Motor Assist™ (IMA™) system comprised of a 1.3-liter i VTEC® gasoline engine and a 10-kilowatt electric motor that together contribute to an EPA-estimated city/highway/combined fuel economy rating of 40/43/41 miles per gallon2. The Insight features the Ecological Drive Assist System (Eco Assist™), an innovation that can enhance efficient vehicle operation while providing feedback related to individual driving styles.
A sleek exterior features a highly aerodynamic side profile with a front-end design similar to the hydrogen-powered FCX Clarity, a marquee environmental vehicle for Honda. The interior offers a roomy passenger environment with a configurable rear seating and cargo area enhanced by 60/40 split fold-down seats.
Major features standard to the Insight include front, front-side and side-curtain airbags; VSA; an anti-lock braking system; a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT); Eco Assist; automatic climate control; tilt-and-telescope steering column; manual driver's seat height adjustment; power windows; an AM/FM audio system with CD player and two speakers; an auxiliary audio input for external digital music players; and much more.
The Insight LX adds or replaces to the Insight with cruise control (new to LX), a four-speaker audio system, USB audio interface (new to LX), armrest console (new to LX), floor mats (new to LX) and a security system.
The Insight EX adds or replaces to the Insight LX features with alloy wheels; steering wheel-mounted paddle shifters; an audio system with six speakers; heated side mirrors with integrated turn signals; and much more. Exclusively available on the Insight EX, the Honda Satellite-Linked Navigation System3 (6.5-inch screen) with voice recognition provides routing and guidance to individual addresses and more than 7 million points of interest within the continental United States. Models equipped with the navigation system also include Bluetooth® HandsFreeLink® for hands-free operation of compatible mobile telephones, along with related steering wheel-mounted controls for voice activation of the navigation and hands-free telephone systems.
A 1.3-liter, 4-cylinder engine with Intelligent Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control (i-VTEC) and a DC brushless electric motor forms the foundation of the IMA hybrid system. The electric motor, positioned in-line between the engine and the transmission, adds power during acceleration and in certain cruising situations, and recaptures energy from the vehicle's forward momentum during braking (regenerative braking).
The Insight's IMA system has the capability to operate exclusively on electric power in certain low- to mid-speed cruising conditions. It can also provide cylinder deactivation during deceleration and an idle-stop feature when the vehicle is stationary.
With a 10.6-gallon fuel tank, the Insight delivers an estimated maximum driving range exceeding 400 miles. Models for sale in California and states that have adopted the California Air Resources Board (CARB) ZEV standards receive an Advanced Technology Partial Zero Emissions Vehicle (AT-PZEV) emissions rating.
The Insight uses Eco Assist to help drivers improve fuel efficiency, both by altering vehicle functionality and providing driver feedback, with fuel-economy dependent on their given set of driving conditions. Pressing the ECON button can further enhance the efficiency of multiple vehicle systems: throttle control, CVT operation, idle-stop duration, air conditioning and cruise-control operation (if equipped). Eco Assist also provides feedback about driving style via a 3D-appearing background within the speedometer. The background changes colors from green to blue to reflect how efficiently or inefficiently the driver is accelerating or braking (green = efficient). The driver's results are continuously tracked as fuel efficiency ratings are shown per drive cycle and on a lifetime basis in the form of plant-leaf graphics that appear in the Multi-Information Display (MID). Up to five leaves can be 'earned' as the driver demonstrates a fuel-efficient driving style. A real-time score is shown in the Eco Guide MID screen.


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Best remembered for the 1994 Number One "Things Can Only Get Better", D:Ream were a pop band from Northern Ireland.
Their two albums both reached the top 5 in the album charts, and gave the band 9 singles in the UK top 40 between 1993 and 1995.
How many of these do you remember?
- Things Can Only Get Better
- U R the Best Thing
- Take Me Away
- Party Up the World
- Shoot Me with Your Love
The band comprised:
- Peter Cunnah (vocalist, songwriter)
- Al Mackenzie (musician)
- Cian McCarthy (sax)
- Brian Cox (keyboards) while studying for his physics PhD degree
- Mark Roberts (drums)


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Is there an exact science to improving employee performance? Successful companies such as Bomgar, Pixibility, and The Sky Factory seem to think so. All 3 companies have one thing in common: Organizational Behavioral Management. By implementing OBM to their daily operations, these companies have seen a dramatic turnaround in their overall companies success in a very short amount of time. Pixibility's CEO Bettina Hein reports she learned how to manage the right way by applying OMB principles to her employees. Hein states: "If you give people information, then they can adapt their behavior." OBM is based around empowering and educating the employee which then leads to improved choices. OBM sees to be working quite well for the video production company grossing over a million dollars last year.
Here are 3 reasons big companies are turning to OBM:
1.) OBM is a sub-discipline of ABA (Applied Behavioral Analysis), which is the application of the science of behavior. OBM is guided by a single theory of human behavior and has historically emphasized identification and modification of the environmental variables that affect directly observable or verifiable employee performance (Bucklin, Alvero, Dickinson, Austin, & Jackson, 2000).
2.) Beyond the general principles of organizational systems and structure, OBM focuses on specific concerns such as that promote workplace performance:
- employee safety
- stress, health, and employee productivity
- evaluation of employee satisfaction and feedback systems
- managing absenteeism, tardiness, and turnover
- use of monetary and nonmonetary incentives
- self-management procedures
- programmed instruction, behavioral modeling, and computer-aided instruction
3.) Research has shown that OBM has been successful in a large number of organizations from a performance and financial stand point. Also, a wide variety of companies benefit fro applying OBM principles from tech companies to outpatient counseling facilities.
Bucklin, B. R., Alvero, A. M., Dickinson, A. M., Austin, J., & Jackson, A. K. (2000). Industrial-organizational psychology and organizational behavior management: An objective comparison. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 20, 27- 75.


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February 1, 2018 @ 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm
"An Interactive View of Perceptual and Cognitive Expertise: Searching for Behavioral Indicators of Expertise-related Neural Adaptations Among Birders"
Studying experts presents many challenges. After years of expertise research being dominated by comparisons with face recognition, a new framework for studying expertise is emerging. I will present thoughts about studying an under-examined group, expert birders, to reveal more about how perception, attention, and memory converge to produce outstanding performance.


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Strachan joined the likes of FC Barcelona president Josep Maria Bartomeu and ex-Spanish tennis star Javier Sanchez Vicario in raising money for the Alda Foundation – which helps educate poor youngsters in Paraguay – during a week-long sporting extravaganza at the resort.
The Scotland boss took time out from his busy schedule to oversee a junior coaching session and match for budding football stars as part of his role as an ambassador for La Manga Club.
The fundraising football event was one of a number of charity family activities that the award-winning venue staged from July 31 to August 5 as part of its Alda Charity Week.
Guests and residents also had the chance to take part in tennis and golf family fun days, with the fundraising week being brought to a spectacular climax with a glittering Alda gala dinner, where an audience of 250 dignitaries and guests including Bartomeu and Sanchez Vicario were treated to a Cuban-themed moonlit gala dinner including live music, and a charity raffle and auction.
The Alda Charity Week was part of a packed Olympian menu of activities and choice available to families at La Manga Club this summer.
As well as the resort hosting its popular White Night evenings again – where guests had the chance to experience the spirit of Ibiza with moonlit beach dinner parties at the resort's own Mediterranean cove – La Manga Club also staged the official FC Barcelona Football Junior Club Camp for the third year running last month and the Michael Owen Rugby Academy earlier this month.
In addition, there are also a wide range of sporting academies for guests of all ages to enjoy this summer including tuition packages at its world-renowned tennis centre and Leadbetter Golf Academy – the only such facility in mainland Spain.
The multi award-winning venue boasts unrivalled facilities as a sport and leisure venue with three 18-hole golf courses, a new High Performance Sports Centre and a 2,000sqm spa and fitness centre also available.
Visitors can stay in a choice of the resort's four-star Las Lomas self-catering apartments or five-star Principe Felipe Hotel, while La Manga Club offers more than 20 bars and restaurants and its own Mediterranean cove beach.


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YMCA kicks off holiday season with community breakfast
YMCA kicks off holiday season with community breakfast
LOUISVILLE, Ky. —
There was a jump start to the holidays Tuesday at the YMCA Mayor's Community Thanksgiving breakfast.
This is the 24th year for the event.
The theme was celebrating the love in Louisville.
"We'll celebrate some activities with the YMCA, but of course the activities of the broader city, our sports venue, the arts and all kinds of things that we're, that people have told us that they love about Louisville," said YMCA Greater Louisville CEO Steve Tarver.
Wednesday marks the 100th anniversary of construction on the Chestnut Street YMCA.
The public is invited to join them at 7:45 a.m. Wednesday to take part in a picture for the centennial celebration.


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Put this in the win column for Sunshine State voters and taxpayers: The Florida Senate saw the handwriting on the wall and decided this week to give up the fight over redistricting.
Instead, Senate leaders wisely opted to call (yet another) special session from Oct. 19 to Nov. 6 to figure out how to draw up a new electoral map to cover at least 28 of the 40 districts that make up the upper chamber in the state Capitol.
Special sessions should be a rare event; this will be the third of the year, which doesn't speak well for lawmakers, especially the leaders of the Republican-controlled Legislature. Yet in this instance, a special session is preferable to throwing money away to defend a tarnished electoral map in court.
The decision is a remarkable victory for voters and groups like the League of Women Voters and Common Cause, who had filed suit to oblige the Legislature to live up to the requirements of the so-called Fair Districts provision of the state Constitution, both in redrawing Senate boundaries and boundaries for Congress.
The measure prohibits drawing lines to favor a political party or its incumbents, commonly called gerrymandering.
The Senate had spent nearly three years and millions of dollars defending its redistricting map, but a recent court decision that ordered the Legislature to redraw the maps for congressional districts was seen as a foreshadowing of how the courts would ultimately view the Senate districts drawn up at the same time.
That earlier decision forced the Legislature to hold what will be its second special session, slated for August.
Senators knew they were staring at another defeat in court, so they bowed to the obvious. The same politically-tainted process that infected congressional redistricting — which the courts ruled invalid — contaminated the Senate redistricting plan, so waiting for an unfavorable court ruling that was nearly certain to come was pointless, not to mention wasteful.
The upshot is that the Senate is now on a tight deadline. The Senate seats need to be redrawn in time for the 2016 elections, as do the congressional seats that are the target of next month's special session.
Election supervisors need to adjust precinct lines and the courts need to approve the new electoral maps before the Legislature passes them. Potential candidates also need time to prepare, and voters need to know if they've been placed in a new district. That's a tall order given the relatively short period of time.
The best course is for lawmakers to avoid fruitless political infighting and to steer clear of any backroom dealing like the kind that sank the original redistricting effort. That's how they got in trouble to begin with. Have they learned their lesson?
In throwing in the towel, Senate leaders saved the taxpayers the cost of pursuing a futile and money-wasting lawsuit on behalf of a dubious cause. That's a good thing, of course.
This time they have to get it right. Indeed, they should have the first time. That would have avoided all the time, expense, and embarrassment of being taken to the woodshed by the courts and advocates for the cause of fair elections.
Every politically aware person in Florida knows that old habits like gerrymandering die hard in Tallahassee, yet it's not asking too much to expect the people's representatives to avoid skirting the law or the requirements of the state Constitution. That, after all, is their bottom-line duty.


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Casual labours of Power Development Department in Sumbal area have suspended their work, saying that the department has failed to pay their wages from the last nine months. The labours said that they have locked down the office of PDD as a mark of protest to press the authorities to release their wages. "We will not resume work till our wages are not paid," they said.
2015 Kashmir Despatch


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This past Saturday night, the Emory Activities Board hosted Annabelle's Curse, an alt-folk band from the Bristol Virginia/Tennessee area. The concert took place on the Chapel lawn, which also featured a beer garden. A lot of students and community members came out to support these local musicians. The evening's weather was perfect for an outdoor concert and the band certainly outperformed themselves.
The original group's founders, Zack Edwards and Tim Kilbourne, met through a mutual friend at Emory & Henry College and have been playing music together ever since. The story behind the band's name comes from an old standup bass. The group pooled their money together and bought an upright bass, which they named Annabelle. The 'curse' part of the group's name refers to the unlucky fate of the bass, which has been broken several times. Annabelle the bass now resides in Edwards' living room. The band later added Carly Booher, who sings and plays mandolin, as well as drummer Travis Goyette and bassist Tyler Luttrell.
All the members of Annabelle's Curse have full-time day jobs, which they balance alongside the full time commitment of the band. All band members live in Abingdon, Virginia, except Luttrell, who lives in Johnson City, Tennessee.
The group has released three albums since their formation in 2010 and have toured all over the Eastern United States. Annabelle's Curse frequently performs at music festivals, such as HoustonFest and the Rooster Walk Music and Arts Festival.
– Brianna Craver


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Who's Held at Guantanamo?
Detainees Tell Their Stories; Some Cite Mistaken Identity, Others, Altruism Gone Awry
Meet the "worst of the worst" -- as the Defense Department once called the prisoners of the war on terrorism held at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.
Mustafa Ait Idr says he isn't a terrorist, but a Croatian karate champion who worked for charity groups helping orphans. Ridouane Khalid, from the Paris suburb of Aulnay sous Bois, claims that his chronic medical conditions, including hepatitis, scoliosis and herniated discs, mean he couldn't have been a threat to anyone. Uthman Abdul Rahim Mohammed Uthman of Yemen insists he never...


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|Thursday, August 24
Country Springs Hotel
2810 Golf Road
Pewaukee, WI
Registration 8:00 am
Seminar 8:30 - 4:00 pm
Lunch Sponsored by Morgan Stanley
Presented & Developed By:
A. Michael Mader CPA, CFE
Mike Mader, partner with Baker Tilly Virchow Krause, LLP, has been with the firm since 2000. He specializes in retail automobile, truck, implement and equipment, boat, motorcycle, and recreational dealerships, and related industries. Prior to joining Baker Tilly, Mike spent eight years working in-dealership with both single point and mega-dealer operations. He has extensive consulting experience in dealership operations, internal control, accounting processes, and computer utilization as well as tax and consulting services for businesses and shareholders/owners.
How Much:
$229 per person - $10 discount for registering online
On-line registration is available for WATDA members only
($239 per person if registering less than ten days in advance)
fill out this registration form
and fax or mail it to:
Wisconsin Automobile & Truck Dealers Association
P.O. Box 5345
Madison, WI 53705-0345
Fax: (608)251-4379
|Seminar Date:
|August, 24 - Pewaukee
|Zip Code:
|Daytime Phone:
|Method of payment:
|(Circle one) CHECK MASTERCARD/VISA
|Card Number:
|Exipration Date:
|CVG Code:
|Print Name on Card:
Cancellations will be accepted until 4:30 p.m. three (3) business days prior to the seminar and will qualify for a 75% refund. "No shows" will be invoiced for the total registration fee. Substitutions are accepted at any time.


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SPOKANE, WA | kyrs.org/show/good-brews
Good Brews is a craft beer centered talk show, specifically focusing on brewers in the Northwest region. Featuring interviews with local brewers, pub owners and staff, beer distributors, connoisseurs, and members from the home-brew community. Discussions include topics of interest surrounding the regional craft beer industry, including Hop growing, farming, malting, water, etc. Re-occurring segments include:
- New & Notable Potables: A look at new and notable beers available in the area
- Brewing Science: A focus on aspects of the science and technique in the brewing process
- Style Profile: The history and details of numerous beer styles, both new and old
- History of Beer: Looking at an event/individual that had a significant impact on beer
- Brews News: Beer news and events from around the region
- Brew Tech: New and innovative brew gadgets and technology shaping the future of beer
- And our "Beer of the Week"
Join Adam Boyd for "Good Brews", every Sunday at 5PM on KYRS, Thin Air Community Radio, 88.1 & 92.3FM.


text: BMW M4 @ Sofia West Airport October 14, 2015 contest: 12 Best Car Photos Fitting a 2016 Calendar Play for fun /media/flashcomm?action=mediaview&context=normal&id=18578 200 -th 0 Your vote Voting has ended 15 Rating votes 9.4 Avg. rating 0 Ivan Georgiev Bulgaria 62 Views 16 Comments 0 Share 3 Favorites Красавица :D Categories: Health & Fitness Fashion Drawing Photography Tags:   × Report media Please enter a detailed description of this violation so that we can check if the video or the user violates our Community Guidelines or is unsuitable for a particular user. An abuse of this feature is also a violation of the Community Guidelines, so you should be certain of what you are doing there! Your message Cancel Report media × All Show More 16 comments from 16 voubsters Iliqna Ivanchova Germany Medias 33 Favourites Followers Member Iliqna Ivanchova voted for your your photo, please vote for my too. Good luck :) https://www.voubs.com/photo/PATH-TO-THE-TEMPLE/d27ad1670304b04f57939775be14cab6 November 9, 2015 04:28:55 PM UTC Ivica Milosevic Serbia Medias 0 Favourites Followers Member Ivica Milosevic Voted 10/10 please support my work at: https://www.voubs.com/photo/Logo-for-Voubs/8b83e8218fe0f9867e3f1054ac3cc1dc November 2, 2015 10:20:17 PM UTC Corina Gabriela Romania Medias 0 Favourites Followers Member Corina Gabriela Very nice photo!! Could you please vote for https://www.voubs.com/photo/butterfly-time/83fd4c9fb1afa0e7ee65faa50b9762f3 Thank you and good luck :) October 24, 2015 07:00:49 AM UTC Milan Milosevic Serbia Medias 3 Favourites Followers Member Milan Milosevic Beautiful shot! Fabulous colors and great composition!! Voted (No. 12) 10! If you like black and white photography, please, check my photo and vote if you like it https://www.voubs.com/photo/Leaning-Lighthouse-of-Trieste/4a1d95b2cf269d09deb967114238978c October 23, 2015 12:15:56 AM UTC Ivana Ilievska Macedonia Medias 441 Favourites Followers Member Ivana Ilievska #11 I voted 10 for you, please vote for me too https://www.voubs.com/photo/Classic-Beauty/98c930098e24510f8ea57e0d0f18ffcd Thank you :) October 22, 2015 08:58:05 AM UTC Irina Mazganski Shtip, Macedonia Medias 22 Favourites Followers Member Irina Mazganski Amazing photo, voted 10, you can vote back for me here https://www.voubs.com/photo/Face-expression-not-found-take-as-much-time-as-you-need/0c0687c738d28741ada4da5e7cee26ed Cheers! vote number 10 October 21, 2015 10:35:52 PM UTC Jovana Mutavdžić Serbia Medias 0 Favourites Followers Member Jovana Mutavdžić I voted 10 :) Vote back ;) https://www.voubs.com/photo/I-love-that-feeling-I-get-when-i-see-you-smile-/998d1e72bf036cb1e6dc21d8a636f0d0 October 20, 2015 11:35:58 PM UTC Nikola Tasevski Kumanovo, Macedonia Medias 14 Favourites Followers Member Nikola Tasevski 10\8 10 for you! Please vote back https://www.voubs.com/photo/Peace-in-captivity/a3dc0f04a0641489214900bd71af71b9 Thank you in advance :) October 20, 2015 02:43:09 PM UTC Nicoletta Bolcheva Bulgaria Medias 11 Favourites Followers Member Nicoletta Bolcheva 10! Good luck :) Please vote for me too https://www.voubs.com/photo/The-sweetest-kiss/6841f5b7842321e753c7fded53048f11 https://www.voubs.com/photo/Amor-Amor/988f8f673418c2c5d0f9fef5d35de6cd October 20, 2015 07:23:36 AM UTC Ilia Boyarov Sofia, Bulgaria Medias 31 Favourites Followers Member Ilia Boyarov :) Hi I voted 10 for you, can you please vote back for me! https://www.voubs.com/photo/Luli-the-owlet/83b5ab62f77acc2600d9908097d8fce6 Thank you, Ilia :) October 19, 2015 06:19:34 AM UTC « 1 2 » × Message to Subject Your message Send message


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|André Warnier ...@ice-sa.com>
|Re: Does JSR-356 provide a way for a client to pass security info on connect?
|Wed, 04 Sep 2013 19:59:29 GMT
Bob DeRemer wrote: > I'm curious if there's anything defined in JSR-356 to enable a client to pass some security claims in the connect that would allow me to perform an auth check - prior to actually establishing the websocket connection. > > In an attempt to avoid a websocket DOS, I'm looking to see whether we can do an auth check in the ServerEndpoint onOpen (or, possibly at an earlier stage) - before the actual websocket gets established. I know we can do this at the application level in the onMessage, but it'd be good to handle this before setting up the actual websocket if possible. > From a not really websocket specialist : As I recall, a websocket link starts with a normal HTTP request, which then gets upgraded to a websocket connection. So it should be possible to do AAA at the initial HTTP stage, no ? From an earlier thread a couple of weeks (?) ago, it seems however difficult to retrieve some of that HTTP-level information later, when the websocket connection is established. --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
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Ever since I have been laid off, my Fiance and I have been pretending that I am "employed." I still use my cc for the food, gas and other payments as well as shop for clothes for interviews. I see the money going down in my account and I can't help but notice secretly, none is coming in.
I have now three interviews this Friday and two on Monday of next week. I know those are a lot of interviews but it is still hard not knowing what will happen. In order not to shake my confidence of getting another job, my Fiance has taken to saying nothing about being laid off, but instead saying, "You will get one, soon. I am sure of it." I hate the word "soon" it is such an indefinite word. When is soon? Maybe I am impatient but idea of living homeless is something that gives a person no patience. I am thinking of even going back to square one sales positions or to being a secretary- maybe I will apply to those tomorrow.
Either way, I know that actually pretending I am employed does help a little. It boosts my confidence that I will get one- well, most of the time. I am sure without acting like this I would be on a first name bases with the bartender at Los Cabos Cantina right now. I know I need to keep my spirits up and I try to every day. However, every day I don't have a job, it weighs on me. I don't know how people deal with the stress of being unemployed. For me it has been 4 business days and I am a wreck. My neck is stiff, I can't sleep- this is why the U.S. should give away free chiropractic care and therapy/ life coaches. We all probably would be motivated ten times more that we won't fail when trying to find a job.
Isn't it funny how you can be in what you think is a secure, high up position and then poof it is gone- back to square one? I worked hard to get there and I did find other jobs when I could not climb anymore in other companies because I was given too much responsibility without the title. This was the first one I accepted to be my next five years. Silly me.
Well, I can't cry over spilled milk. Got to keep going, pretending I am employed, that I am secure and that I can get a job. Wish me luck! Also, good luck to all of you out there as well.


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Agape Black Belt Center, the only place in Rochester for traditional TaeKwonDo, Hapkido, Judo and Kumdo, uses martial arts as a way of teaching people not only about self-defense, but about transforming their lives so as to fully realize their potential within. Our training empowers you by first and foremost changing your mindset to help you begin a "new life" in which you can shape your own future. Martial Arts is not a way of fighting, but a way of life. It teaches us to set challenging goals for ourselves and instills the discipline needed to achieve them.
Meaning of Agape: Agape is the love of God or Christ for mankind. And also called parental love. One of several Greek words translated into English as Love. Many have thought that this word represents divine, unconditional, self-sacrificing, active, volitional, and thoughtful love.
34 Elton Street
Rochester, NY 14607
I had the privilege of watching a performance of Agape students. I was impressed by the self discipline and respect of even the youngest of students.
09/12/2014 - 09:49 pm
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Agape Black Belt Center, the only place in Rochester for traditional TaeKwonDo, Hapkido, Judo and Kumdo, uses martial arts as a way of teaching people about self-defense and about transforming their lives. Training, classes, lessons, instruction.
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