text:
Peter Doshi, postdoctoral fellow
The CDC pledges "To base all public health decisions on the highest quality scientific data, openly and objectively derived." But Peter Doshi argues that in the case of influenza vaccinations and their marketing, this is not so
Promotion of influenza vaccines is one of the most visible and aggressive public health policies today. Twenty years ago, in 1990, 32 million doses of influenza vaccine were available in the United States. Today around 135 million doses of influenza vaccine annually enter the US market, with vaccinations administered in drug stores, supermarkets—even some drive-throughs. This enormous growth has not been fueled by popular demand but instead by a public health campaign that delivers a straightforward, who-in-their-right-mind-could-possibly-disagree message: influenza is a serious disease, we are all at risk of complications from influenza, the flu shot is virtually risk free, and vaccination saves lives. Through this lens, the lack of influenza vaccine availability for all 315 million US citizens seems to border on the unethical. Yet across the country, mandatory influenza vaccination policies have cropped up, particularly in healthcare facilities,1 precisely because not everyone wants the vaccination, and compulsion appears the only way to achieve high vaccination rates.2 Closer examination of influenza vaccine policies shows that although proponents employ the rhetoric of science, the studies underlying the policy are often of low quality, and do not substantiate officials' claims. The vaccine might be less beneficial and less safe than has been claimed, and the threat of influenza appears overstated.
Now we are all "at risk" of serious complications
Influenza vaccine production has grown parallel to increases in the perceived need for the vaccine. In the US, the first recommendations for annual influenza vaccination were made in 1960 (table1).⇓ Through the 1990s, the key objective of this policy was to reduce excess mortality. Because most of influenza deaths occurred in the older population, vaccines were directed at this age group. But since 2000, the concept of who is "at risk" has rapidly expanded, incrementally encompassing greater swathes of the general population (box 1). As one US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) poster picturing a young couple warns: "Even healthy people can get the flu, and it can be serious."3 Today, national guidelines call for everyone 6 months of age and older to get vaccinated. Now we are all "at risk."
Table 1. Expansion of influenza vaccination recommendations, 1960 to present
|Recommendations by age
|Adults ≥ 65 years
|Adults ≥ 50 years
|Children 6 to 23 months
|Children 6 to 59 months
|Children 6 months to 18 years, if feasible
|Children 6 months to 18 years
|Everyone ≥ 6 months
|Recommendations by condition or occupation
|Pregnant women (2nd and 3rd trimester)
|Pregnant women (all trimesters)
|Healthcare workers
|Household contacts of high risk groups
|Household contacts and out of home
caregivers of children 0-23 months
|Household contacts and out of home
caregivers of children 0-59 months
Sources: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices,5, 44-48 Osterholm,49 and Layton et al.50
Box 1. A policy without an objective
Despite the enormous sums of money spent fighting the perceived threat of influenza, there are surprisingly few instances of unambiguous statements describing the objectives of influenza vaccination policy. Here is a sampling, drawn from more than five decades of influenza vaccination policies in the United States, that demonstrates the changing purpose of the campaign—from one with a clear objective of saving older people's lives, to one without any stated objective.
In 1964, four years after annual influenza vaccination policies were first instituted, CDC influenza branch chief Alexander Langmuir and colleagues wrote that the recommendation "was based on three broad assumptions: 1. That excess mortality was the most important consequence of epidemic influenza. 2. That polyvalent virus vaccines had been at least partially effective in preventing clinical illness during most epidemics and therefore presumably would reduce the risk of death among the aged and chronically ill. 3. That epidemics cannot be predicted with sufficient accuracy to permit confident planning of control measures on a year to year basis."4 In 1984, recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices stated: "Because of the increasing proportion of elderly persons in the United States and because age and its associated chronic diseases are risk factors for severe influenza illness, the future toll from influenza may increase, unless control measures are used more vigorously than in the past. . . . For about 20 years, efforts to reduce the impact of influenza in the United States have been aimed primarily at immunoprophylaxis [vaccination] of persons at greatest risk of serious illness or death."5 Today, the recommendations do not even mention the effect the policy aims to achieve.6
Box 2: Deciphering the numbers
As concern surged this January over a worse than usual influenza season, members of the media seemed unsure whether the CDC's announcement that "vaccine effectiveness (VE) was 62%"7 represented good versus disappointing news.8
NBC anchor Brian Williams: "I worry about this number. I woke up to reports of this number. It can disincentivize people to go get that flu shot which all of you are saying is still so important."
Chief medical editor Nancy Snyderman: "And I had the same concern when you see 62%, because I'm afraid people will say 'well, it's half and half.' But remember, if you have a 62% less chance of getting of getting the flu, it means less chance of being on antibiotics, less chance of ending up in an intensive care unit, and as we've seen from this uptick in numbers, 62% less chance of dying."9
Although the study never tested more severe outcomes such as hospitalizations and death, the logic is nonetheless tempting: if 62% fewer people get influenza, then would not one expect 62% fewer of all of influenza's complications? Not necessarily so. The reason is that the 62% reduction statistic almost certainly does not hold true for all subpopulations. In fact, there are good reasons to assume it does not. It is well known that influenza infections are more severe for certain groups of people, such as the frail older population, compared with others like healthy young adults. The CDC study did not present the statistics by age or health status, but an update of the study released one month later showed 90% of participants were younger than 65 years, and for older people, there was no significant benefit (vaccine effectiveness was 27%; 95% confidence interval, 31% to 59%).10
Not to worry: officials say influenza vaccines save lives
Risk of serious illness is a problem—but, according to the official narrative, a tractable problem, thanks to vaccines. As another CDC poster, this time aimed at seniors, explains: "Shots aren't just for kids. Vaccines for adults can prevent serious diseases and even death."11 And in its more technical guidance document, CDC musters the evidence to support its case. The agency points to two retrospective, observational studies. One, a 1995 peer-reviewed meta-analysis published in Annals of Internal Medicine, concluded: "many studies confirm that influenza vaccine reduces the risks for pneumonia, hospitalization, and death in elderly persons during an influenza epidemic if the vaccine strain is identical or similar to the epidemic strain."12 They calculated a reduction of "27% to 30% for preventing deaths from all causes"—that is, a 30% lower risk of dying from any cause, not just from influenza. CDC also cites a more recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, funded by the National Vaccine Program Office and the CDC, which found an even larger relative reduction in risk of death: 48%.13
If true, these statistics indicate that influenza vaccines can save more lives than any other single licensed medicine on the planet. Perhaps there is a reason CDC does not shout this from the rooftop: it's too good to be true. Since at least 2005, non-CDC researchers have pointed out the seeming impossibility that influenza vaccines could be preventing 50% of all deaths from all causes when influenza is estimated to only cause around 5% of all wintertime deaths.14 15
So how could these studies—both published in high impact, peer reviewed journals and carried out by academic and government researchers with non-commercial funding—get it wrong? Consider one study the CDC does not cite, which found influenza vaccination associated with a 51% reduced odds of death in patients hospitalized with pneumonia (28 of 352 [8%] vaccinated subjects died versus 53 deaths among 352 [15%] unvaccinated control subjects).16 Although the results are similar to those of the studies CDC does cite, an unusual aspect of this study was that it focused on patients outside of the influenza season—when it is hard to imagine the vaccine could bring any benefit. And the authors, academics from Alberta, Canada, knew this: the purpose of the study was to demonstrate that the fantastic benefit they expected to and did find—and that others have found, such as the two studies that CDC cites—is simply implausible, and likely the product of the "healthy-user effect" (in this case, a propensity for healthier people to be more likely to get vaccinated than less healthy people). Others have gone on to demonstrate this bias to be present in other influenza vaccine studies.17 18 Healthy user bias threatens to render the observational studies, on which officials' scientific case rests, not credible.
Yet for most people, and possibly most doctors, officials need only claim that vaccines save lives, and it is assumed there must be solid research behind it. But for those that bother to read the CDC's national guidelines19—a 68 page document of 33 360 words and 552 references—one finds that the evidence cited is these observational studies that the agency itself acknowledges may be undermined by bias. The guidelines state:
". . . studies demonstrating large reductions in hospitalizations and deaths among the vaccinated elderly have been conducted using medical record databases and have not measured reductions in laboratory-confirmed influenza illness. These studies have been challenged because of concerns that they have not controlled adequately for differences in the propensity for healthier persons to be more likely than less healthy persons to receive vaccination."19
CDC does not rebut or in any other way respond to these criticisms. It simply acknowledges them, and leaves it at that.
If the observational studies cannot be trusted, what evidence is there that influenza vaccines reduce deaths of older people—the reason the policy was originally created? Virtually none. Theoretically, a randomized trial might shine some light—or even settle the matter. But there has only been one randomized trial of influenza vaccines in older people—conducted two decades ago—and it showed no mortality benefit (the trial was not powered to detect decreases in mortality or any complications of influenza). This means that influenza vaccines are approved for use in older people despite any clinical trials demonstrating a reduction in serious outcomes. Approval is instead tied to a demonstrated ability of the vaccine to induce antibody production, without any evidence that those antibodies translate into reductions in illness.
Perhaps most perplexing is officials' lack of interest in the absence of good quality evidence. Anthony Fauci, director of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told the Atlantic that it "would be unethical" to do a placebo controlled study of influenza vaccine in older people.20 The reason? Placebo recipients would be deprived of influenza vaccines—that is, the standard of care, thanks to CDC guidelines.
This is not to say influenza vaccines have no proven benefit. Many randomized controlled trials of influenza vaccines have been conducted in the healthy adult population, and a systematic review found that, depending on vaccine-virus strain match, vaccinating between 33 and 100 people resulted in one less case of influenza.21 No evidence exists, however, to show that this reduction in risk of symptomatic influenza for a specific population—here, among healthy adults—extrapolates into any reduced risk of serious complications from influenza such as hospitalizations or death in another population (complications largely occur among the frail, older population). This fact seems hard for many health commentators to grasp, who seem all too ready to take the largest statistic and apply it to all outcomes for all populations. At a press briefing this winter, CDC director Thomas Frieden said a preliminary CDC study had found "the overall vaccine effectiveness to be 62%," He explained that this estimate of relative risk reduction: "means that if you got vaccinated you're about 60% less likely to get the flu that requires you to go to your doctor." On the evening news, the CDC's message was translated into a claim that influenza vaccines will cut the risk of death by 62%, despite the fact that the CDC study did not even measure mortality (box 2). Reflecting on the same CDC study, two authors editorialized in the Journal of the American Medical Association that there exists an irrational pessimism about influenza vaccine: "A prevention measure that reduced the risk of a serious outcome by 60% in most instances would be a noted achievement; yet for influenza vaccine, it is seen as a 'failure.'" Here, too, the authors appear unaware that the CDC study they cite did not measure any "serious outcome" like pneumonia, only medically attended acute respiratory illness with influenza confirmed by the laboratory.
Officials say influenza vaccines are safe
The CDC's universal influenza vaccination recommendation carries the implicit message that, beyond those for whom the vaccine is contraindicated, influenza vaccine can only do good; there is no need to weigh risks against benefits. In October 2009, the US National Institutes of Health produced a promotional YouTube video featuring Fauci. Urging US citizens to get vaccinated against the H1N1 influenza, Fauci stressed the vaccine's safety: "the track record for serious adverse events is very good. It's very, very, very rare that you ever see anything that's associated with the vaccine that's a serious event."
Months later, Australia suspended its influenza vaccination program in under five year olds after many (one in every 110 vaccinated) children had febrile convulsions after vaccination. Another serious reaction to influenza vaccines—and also unexpected—occurred in Sweden and Finland, where H1N1 influenza vaccines were associated with a spike in cases of narcolepsy among adolescents (about one in every 55 000 vaccinated). Subsequent investigations by governmental and non-governmental researchers confirmed the vaccine's role in these serious events.22 23 24 25
Selling sickness: what's in a name?
Drug companies have long known that to sell some products, you would have to first sell people on the disease. Early 20th century advertising for the mouthwash Listerine, for example, warned readers of the problem of "halitosis"—thereby turning bad breath into a widespread social concern.26 Similarly, in the 1950s and 1960s, Merck launched an extensive campaign to lower the diagnostic threshold for hypertension, and in doing so enlarging the market for its diuretic drug, Diuril (chlorothiazide).27 Today drug companies suggest that we have underdiagnosed epidemics of erectile dysfunction, social anxiety disorder, and female sexual dysfunction, each with their own convenient acronym and an approved medication at the ready. Could influenza—a disease known for centuries, well defined in terms of its etiology, diagnosis, and prognosis—be yet one more case of disease mongering? I think it is. But unlike most stories of selling sickness, here the salesmen are public health officials, worried little about which brand of vaccine you get so long as they can convince you to take influenza seriously.
Marketing influenza vaccines thus involves marketing influenza as a threat of great proportions. The CDC's website explains that "Flu seasons are unpredictable and can be severe," citing a death toll of "3000 to a high of about 49 000 people." However, a far less volatile and more reassuring picture of influenza seems likely if one considers that recorded deaths from influenza declined sharply over the middle of the 20th century, at least in the United States, all before the great expansion of vaccination campaigns in the 2000s, and despite three so-called "pandemics" (1957, 1968, 2009) (fig 1).⇓
Fig 1 Crude mortality per 100 000 population, by influenza season (July to June of the following year), for seasons 1930-31 to 2009-10, US. Data sources: Doshi P. Am J Pub Health 2008;98:939-45.
But perhaps the cleverest aspect of the influenza marketing strategy surrounds the claim that "flu" and "influenza" are the same. The distinction seems subtle, and purely semantic. But general lack of awareness of the difference might be the primary reason few people realize that even the ideal influenza vaccine, matched perfectly to circulating strains of wild influenza and capable of stopping all influenza viruses, can only deal with a small part of the "flu" problem because most "flu" appears to have nothing to do with influenza. Every year, hundreds of thousands of respiratory specimens are tested across the US. Of those tested, on average 16% are found to be influenza positive. (fig 2).⇓
All influenza is "flu," but only one in six "flus" might be influenza. It's no wonder so many people feel that "flu shots" don't work: for most flus, they can't.
But perhaps the cleverest aspect of the influenza marketing strategy surrounds the claim that "flu" and "influenza" are the same. The distinction seems subtle, and purely semantic. But general lack of awareness of the difference might be the primary reason few people realize that even the ideal influenza vaccine, matched perfectly to circulating strains of wild influenza and capable of stopping all influenza viruses, can only deal with a small part of the "flu" problem because most "flu" appears to have nothing to do with influenza. Every year, hundreds of thousands of respiratory specimens are tested across the US. Of those tested, on average 16% are found to be influenza positive. (fig 2).⇓
Fig 2 Proportion of specimens testing positive for influenza at World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Laboratories and National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS) laboratories through the United States. Data are compiled and published by CDC.28-43
Cite this as: BMJ 2013;346:f3037
Acknowledgements: I am grateful to Yuko Hara, Tom Jefferson, and Edward Davies, for their comments.
Competing interests: I have read and understood the BMJ Group policy on declaration of interests and declare the following interests: PD is a co-recipient of a UK National Institute for Health Research grant to carry out a Cochrane review of neuraminidase inhibitors (http://www.hta.ac.uk/2352). PD received €1500 from the European Respiratory Society in support of his travel to the society's September 2012 annual congress where he gave an invited talk on oseltamivir. He is funded by an institutional training grant from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) #T32HS019488. AHRQ had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Provenance and peer review: commissioned: not externally peer reviewed
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Layton C, Robinson T, Honeycutt A. Influenza vaccine demand: the chicken and the


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Responses (5)
Unfortunately there is nothing to enlarge your penis. It has to do with genetics more than anything. Contrary to popular belief, penis size has very little to do with sexual satisfaction. Putting your partners needs and degree of satisfaction as high or higher than your own has much more to do with sexual satisfaction than size. Having a large (or small) penis has nothing to do with whether or not you are a good lover. Being a good lover is a skill to be learned and the most important lesson is making your partners satisfaction as important or better yet, more important than your own.
I'm not sure why its so important to males, its sure not to females. Skill means alot more then size.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
David Farber
- Overcoming ICANN (PFIR statement)
A. Michael Froomkin
- When We Say US™, We Mean It!
- ICANN 2.0: Meet The New Boss
- Habermas@ discourse.net: Toward a Critical Theory of Cyberspace
- ICANN and Anti-Trust (with Mark Lemley)
- Wrong Turn in Cyberspace: Using ICANN to Route Around the APA & the Constitution (html)
- Form and Substance in Cyberspace
- ICANN's "Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy"-- Causes and (Partial) Cures
Milton Mueller
- Ruling the Root
- Success by Default: A New Profile of Domain Name Trademark Disputes under ICANN's UDRP
- Dancing the Quango: ICANN as International Regulatory Regime
- Goverments and Country Names: ICANN's Transformation into an Intergovernmental Regime
- Competing DNS Roots: Creative Destruction or Just Plain Destruction?
- Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of the UDRP
- ICANN and Internet Governance
David Post
- Governing Cyberspace, or Where is James Madison When We Need Him?
- The 'Unsettled Paradox': The Internet, the State, and the Consent of the Governed
Jonathan Weinberg
- Sitefinder and Internet Governance
- ICANN, Internet Stability, and New Top Level Domains
- Geeks and Greeks
- ICANN and the Problem of Legitimacy
Highlights of the ICANNWatch Archive(June 1999 - March 2001)
I personally mailed each of the three non-participants to ask them what happened but received no reply. Anyone who knows one of these three personally (I don't) might want to ask one of them:
Tim Berners-Lee, Oliver Iteanu, and Joon Kook Park. Please post any info you glean to ICANNWatch.


text:
Hey everyone! It's me and Pudding in case you missed her.
It's been awhile! Many things happened this month.
I went on a short trip to Batam during mid June 2014, busy at work and my laptop broke down hence I'm unable to edit my pictures and post my blog!
Had gotten my laptop fixed instead of buying a new one to save cost :P
Alright, will be back soon! Currently using my mobile to post so it's a little troublesome due to the formatting and all.


text:
Wheeeeee! Zoom! Pew! Pew!
Which brings me to add ons.
I believe the Dreadnought counts as a heavy, so I don't think I need a Devastator yet, but I don't have anything in the way of heavy vehicles. The general go-to seems to be the Rhino, but there's a good number of tank variations that I may have to put a call out to see what would be the best initial investment.
It probably comes down to play style now that I think about it. In general I like playing a mobile game (at least in video games), so who knows? I may end up treating the boys like White Scars and getting a shit load of speeders and motorcycles (my sister totally wants me to get the one with the side car). But if there are people reading this, what's your transport vehicle of choice and why?


text:
Kreisberg on Supergirl/Flash's Musical Crossover, Black Flash & More
Andrew Kreisberg is one of the few people with real power to control both Supergirl and The Flash – that's because he executive produces both superheroes' TV series on The CW, charts their respective destinies, and occasionally brings them together in the fight for justice.
RELATED: Fox's Black Lightning Show Won't Cross Over with the Arrowverse
During The CW's press day for the Television Critics Association, Kreisberg was on hand to join a handful of reporters for a quick, rapid-fire Q&A session addressing a hodgepodge of inquiries related to both shows, and in several cases provided some eye-opening responses.
On the upcoming "The Flash"/"Supergirl" musical crossover:
Andrew Kreisberg: Hearing Melissa [Benoist] and Grant [Gustin] sing — it's funny. You guys only ever see the episode. To me it's like, I think about every episode, it's also the experience of making it. I can't tell you how many times I've been on set with Melissa, or when Melissa and Grant were there. They were just singing between takes. So it's like, I hear Melissa sing all the time. So for you guys to get to hear that finally will be so great.
What I love about it, and it's what I always loved about what Joss Whedon would do like with "Hush," or "The Body," he'd have these very special episodes, but they were intrinsic to the storytelling, the ongoing storytelling that was going on. So when we get to the musical episode, both Barry and Kara will find themselves at pivotal crossroads on their respective series, and the experience of going through the musical will have a great impact on both series moving forward.
There are going to be people from both shows singing. It's going to start on "Supergirl," and it's going to resolve on "Flash."
We've had singing on "Flash" before. We had Barry sing karaoke. We had Jesse sing in the alternate universe. But to be able to have a full-fledged musical episode, as much as we hope these shows speak to people, whether socially, or Alex's storyline and what it means to people, at the end of the day, we're trying to entertain people. We feel like no one is trying harder to just flat-out entertain people than this quartet of shows. So to be able to do a musical episode is so exciting.
On the prospect of bringing Neil Patrick Harris, the voice of the animated villain the Music Meister, in to play the live-action version:
We're certainly huge fans of his. As the casting process proceeds, we'll see what happens.
On whether the songs featured will be original works, covers or a mix of both:
We're still working that out right now. We're still writing the script and trying to figure out exactly what we're going to do.
On finding story paths and consistent tones that differ from the DC films in production and development that often feature overlapping characters while still not limiting things to "ligher" interpretations:
I don't really know what the future holds for DC movies. I only know what's happened. Whether it was a DC movie, or a "Star Wars" movie, or a Marvel movie, we try to avoid things that are sort of already out there.
I think that we have such an amazing cast on "Supergirl." They can handle just about anything. I think that the darker tones sometimes work a lot better once you've got a few years under your belt, where you really do care about these people. So that when things take a bit of a darker twist, it feels a little bit more earned and it doesn't just feel like, "Now it's time to torture your characters." So I think the tone of "Supergirl" will stay consistent throughout the season. So we'll see what happens in the future.
On what's ahead on the villain front for Supergirl:
She's still facing Cadmus. There's going to be a couple of other returning villains. Livewire is coming back and Parasite's coming back. She's going to face off against Mr. Mxyzptlk, so we've got a bunch of classic DC comics characters.
I think a lot of the pull of the next episodes is the mystery of Mon-El, and what is he hiding? And who are these people who are tracking him? That coincides with the two of them growing closer and seeing where that relationship goes.
On the real-world response to Alex's coming out story:
I've seen [Twitter threads] of people saying that watching the show, they were able to start the conversation with their own families. It's beyond humbling and beyond gratifying to know that this show has the ability, not only to entertain, but to really create a safe haven in opening discussions with people. What could possibly be more important?
On how Barry and Iris will begin to address the prospect of Iris' predicted future death:
I think ultimately, whether they do get out of it is sort of the question. What's interesting is, in an upcoming episode, they learn a little bit more about the future, and they now have a list of things they know will occur between now and May.
Their operating principal is: can they stop enough of these things to sort of change time? So they have a little bit of a road map. It's fun for us because it reminds me of Oliver's list. They've got like a mission for weeks to see if they can change the future, which is something we've never explored before.
Most of "Flash" has been about the hold that the past has on you, and how you can't change your past, and you can't change the terrible things that have happened to you. They've never really had to deal with knowing something terrible is coming down the pike, and can they avert it? Do the decisions that they make bring them closer to the inevitable event? Or are they going to be able to think their way around it?
On whether the Black Flash will turn up in the current season of "The Flash":
Yes, he will. I will say that you might be seeing him on multiple shows. The classic comic book Grim Reaper aspect… He's a classic character. We have storylines on multiple shows that fit having him turn up.
There's something so scary about him, even scarier than when he was just a man, because now it's like he's the Grim Reaper. He is like the Devil, and how do you stop the Devil? So it presents an interesting challenge for the heroes of the respective shows in which he appears.
On the behind the scenes logic that let actor John Wesley Shipp transform from Henry Allen to Jay Garrick:
It's funny because when John was original cast in the pilot, we didn't reveal his role, and so many people thought he was Jay Garrick and thought that was so perfect. For us, we just felt like it was sort of like a cross-timing, where at the same time we felt like, "What was Henry bringing to the table?" Because once he was out of prison, it just felt like we weren't sure how much real estate we wanted to provide to that relationship.
At the same time, we had this mystery of this man in the mask, and it just seemed so delicious, the idea that Barry's father would pass away, and then he would have this new person in his life who was wearing his father's face. I think what made having Jay on the show so special is, it's not so much the history of Jay Garrick, but that this hero, this other Flash who Barry has to work with, has the face of his deceased father, and the emotion that goes along with that.
[John's past history playing The Flash is] the meta level on which this show works a lot of times, which for us, to be able to get John Wesley Shipp back in a Flash suit and have that scene with him and the Trickster with Mark Hamill was just, even though it was a brief little snippet, it felt like the old "Flash" show for a second, and that made us so happy.
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text:
Marcus and Esca have, er, a negotiation of sorts, after a hunting expedition by the river. Follow-up to "Not for Sale," but can be read independently.
Good Hunting
"It was good hunting," said Esca in a satisfied voice as he and Marcus leaned on their spears and caught their breath. The dead boar at their feet had been neatly rolled to the water's edge, in preparation for butchering, and their horses, tethered close by, were cropping the grass as calmly as if they hadn't chased the wretched beast full tilt through the forest until they were lathered and panting.
"My uncle will be pleased," replied Marcus with a wry grin. "I should think fresh meat will be welcome at the table. And Kaeso will be happy."
A prize hound belonging to their neighbor, Kaeso, had been gored by the boar only a few days earlier, and would take some weeks to recover.
"He even hired a band of hunters to find this monster and kill it. They failed, of course."
"No more than I would expect," Esca said dismissively, "from those fools of the South."
"Sassticca will grumble," Marcus continued, prodding the massive, bristled creature with his foot. "But even she will be glad of something different to prepare."
They both smiled at the thought of Sassticca grimly wielding her iron kitchen tools and complaining loudly to the other slaves about the larder being filled past overflowing with so much bounty from the young Master's hunting expeditions.
"We had best get this part over with, then," murmured Esca, drawing his knife from its leather scabbard and bending over the boar.
Between them, they butchered the carcass neatly—Esca did by far the better job—and prepared the bulky cuts of meat for the ride home. They washed their bloody knives in the river, and then stripped, gingerly easing themselves out of their sweaty tunics and braccae before wading into the swiftly running water.
These days, in the hot summer months, when they went hunting they often did so near the river, so as to be able to wash off the sweat and dust afterwards. They might ride along the edge of the woods, hoping to scare up a fat buck, or perhaps a wild pig; sometimes they brought Cub with them, and at other times, fearful he would frighten off potential game, they left him to sulk at home in the reluctant care of Marcipor.
Their neighbors in Calleva had grown accustomed to Cub, although some older folk grumbled about the folly of adopting a wolf pup to raise in the home like a dog, and there were a few who said-although under their breath-that what could you expect of a former cohort centurion who would free his barbarian of a Briton slave, a Celt of the Brigantes tribe, and treat him as a friend rather than simply his armour-bearer.
Esca rolled his eyes when he heard this—he had the keen ears of a hunter, and when he walked through the town forum with Marcus, at his side now, rather than the three paces behind expected of a slave, he was not oblivious to the muttering of a few of the more narrow minded townspeople. But most of the folk of Calleva had grown used to him, some even liked and respected him, and as a number of well-to-do families in the area were descended from Briton tribes like the Iceni, they were not inclined to cast too much scorn upon the son of a Brigantes chieftain, even if he had been for several years a slave and was now a mere freed-man.
"And a citizen of Rome, as well," Marcus reminded him. "By order of the Senate. Because of the Eagle."
Esca shrugged; what did the Senate of Rome mean to him? But he was not completely ungrateful for the gift that had been bestowed on him, as little as he might wish to admit it. In the eyes of most of the locals, Roman citizenship all but cancelled out the shame and humiliation of his former slave status. And some of the Romans living in Calleva were simply impressed by the fact that he hadn't slit Marcus' throat during their expedition north of the Wall, where Celtic tribespeople would probably have been only too happy to give him a hand in doing so. One of Uncle Aquila's fellow magistrates had once said as much, in their presence, causing Esca to give one of his derisive snorts as Marcus tried not to double over with laughter.
As for Uncle Aquila, he was perfectly happy to give house-room to both Marcus and Esca until such time as they should purchase land in the downs country and take up farming in earnest, as Marcus had declared they would do. He had never interfered much with his nephew's decisions, and had made no objection when Marcus gave Esca his freedom. Indeed, he treated the young Briton with courtesy and tact, when he had occasion to converse with him at all, which was seldom. As always, he spent most of his time in his study, working on his History of Siege Warfare, emerging in the evening to join the young men for the evening meal. If he ever wondered about the nature of his nephew's friendship with his former slave, he said nothing about it, although Marcus noticed that he no longer spoke of marriage prospects, or the relative scarcity of well-born Roman maidens in the immediate area. Marcus himself had once thought of marriage as something he was bound to enter into, as a matter of course and for practical reasons, but the issue had rarely been foremost in his mind. His past lovers had been few and far between, military training having gotten in the way of anything more than the occasional tumble—when he was on leave—with a willing widow, and perhaps one or two other women. But all of that was several years ago, and now the thought of matrimony left him decidedly cold.
"Cold," he remarked, shivering, as he emerged from the river and reached for a drying cloth. Esca was still in the current, swimming with his strong, sure stroke for the deeper water near the center, where he dove and splashed like an otter. Marcus was toweling his hair dry when he finally waded to shore, shaking his head like a puppy and sending a spray of water in all directions.
"Esca," sighed Marcus reprovingly, but without heat. The Briton grinned and stood, unconcernedly dripping, at the river's edge, his eyes drawn to the fish moving sluggishly close to the bank. Then he was wading back into the water, moving stealthily this time. Having dried off to his satisfaction, Marcus lay in the sunlight, on his stomach at the water's edge and watched, entertained and fascinated, as Esca, lithe and golden in the afternoon sun, caught trout with his bare hands by tickling them as they rested in the shallows.
The fish, wrapped in leaves, went to join the parcels of boar's meat, and the hunters walked away from the river, into the thin growth of trees at the edge of the forest, until they reached a small clearing they had discovered only weeks before. There Esca stopped, shielding his eyes from the sun with one hand, and Marcus, following a little behind him, looked with appreciation at the way sunbeams made a nimbus of the bronze, russet-brown, and dark russet-blond colors of his hair. At the long line of his back, which ran smoothly into the narrow curve of his buttocks, his runner's legs, taut with muscle, shapely and trim.
"The sun is westering," Esca commented quietly, not turning his head as Marcus came up behind him and reached out to rest his large, well-shaped hand on Esca's slender nape.
Their foreplay, if one could call it that, often more closely resembled boyish rough-housing than tender intimacies; they grappled and wrestled like soldiers in training, each striving to win the upper hand. Marcus was the larger, taller, more solidly built of the two, but if he had ever thought it would be easy to pin Esca beneath him, he found very quickly that this was not the case. Esca might be smaller, lighter, slim when compared with his former master, but he was strong and quick, and as flexible as a young fox; his seemingly pliant body slid out of Marcus' grasp at just the moment when Marcus thought he had him. Growling, Marcus tackled him, and they rolled over in the grass, startling an indignant pheasant with their thrashing, their harsh breathing, and their half-smothered laughter.
At moments like this, Esca was almost feral; in the delicate scraping of his teeth against Marcus' skin, the nips and nibbles along his neck and shoulder and chest, he reminded Marcus of a rambunctious Cub in the early days of his puppyhood. His work-hardened hands and clever, slender fingers knew exactly where to touch and press and cup or slide to make this disciplined former centurion twist and arch and clench his teeth. It had taken a little while for Marcus, whose few bed partners had known him as a gentle and considerate lover, to realize that there was no need to handle Esca with the kind of caution and delicacy he would have used with a girl. Esca had been a warrior, like himself, and he clearly enjoyed pitting his own fighter's wiles against Marcus' strength. Gentleness, and slow, lingering kisses and caresses were reserved for the dark of night, in the privacy of Marcus' sleeping chamber. Here, in the sunlight and warmth of the out-of-doors, he, like Marcus, relished a contest of physical prowess. They gripped each other with an energetic passion that sometimes left bruises on the light olive of Marcus' skin, or Esca's—tanned to a warm brown everywhere but about his hips and loins, where he was creamy pale.
In one respect only Marcus had been holding back. Mindful of Esca's former status as a slave, conscious of the Briton's fierce pride and half-abashed—but never vocalized—sense of indebtedness to Marcus for having freed him, he had not attempted to exert any genuine kind of dominance in their love play, never forced Esca into submission, had never penetrated his body. Even in their forest rough-housing, Marcus was careful not to seem too much the "master," and at night, when he drew near to Esca in the quiet of Uncle Aquila's villa, he did so gradually, as one might approach a half-tame woodland animal. He was aware that this amused Esca a little, but it seemed to fuel his desire as well, when Marcus cupped his hand gently around Esca's cheek, or ran his fingers slowly down over his collarbones to his chest, or brushed his brow, lips, and throat so lightly with his mouth.
Once, on the verge of murmuring, "My Esca, mine," into Esca's passion-rumpled hair, he had caught himself and said nothing, fearful that it would sound too much like ownership.
The fervor with which Marcus burned for Esca sometimes embarrassed him…that he, a disciplined Roman of military background should wait impatiently for night to fall so that he could have Esca warm and panting beneath him, on top of him, entwined with him, breaths mingled and eyes half-closed, in the bed that was really too narrow for two. But he never felt shame, for how could he possibly be ashamed of Esca? His proud, courageous, indomitable Esca? And because Esca was his friend, and had been his comrade in the most dangerous quest he had ever undertaken, he wished to make it plain to him that he would never try to force him into anything he did not want. He himself unquestionably did want…well, certain things. But did Esca? Would the suggestions even offend him? Marcus knew little about the sexual mores and customs of the Brigantes, or of any other Briton tribe, for that matter. And it was not that he was dissatisfied with the way things had been going, far from it. He reveled in his intimacy with this intense, wiry, oddly beautiful companion; they brought each other to fulfillment with their hands, or by the relentless grinding of their hips against each other. Most recently, inflamed past rational thought by the Briton's bites, nibbles, and clever, clever hands, he had (for the first time) moved his mouth down Esca's body and drawn him into it. Esca had made a muffled sound of surprise, and his body had jerked with shock and the thrill of sensation, before his head fell back, enabling Marcus—when he finally raised his head—to see the pulse beating in his throat.
Marcus supposed, somberly, that many a fellow soldier had given himself the pleasure of taking one of his Briton prisoners or slaves without giving a moment's thought to whether his victim might regard the act as degrading, a violation, a painful and unwanted form of attention. The fact that he, Marcus, could feel something more than simple carnal satisfaction in bedding a tattooed Briton, probably would be incomprehensible to many of his peers. That he did his best to give the young man pleasure, that he actually took the time to hold him in his arms after they were spent, watching the reddish light from the brazier play over Esca's limbs and the blue markings on the smooth surface of his skin, and that he never thought of him in terms of equal or unequal, conqueror or conquered, would have astonished most of his fellow Romans, here in Britain or in his native land.
He remembered how, less than a week ago, he had steeled himself to ask his friend whether there was something else—anything else, really—that he could do to make him happy when they were, um, alone together, that would, er, bring him gratification.
Esca had simply cocked his head to one side and looked at him speculatively with his hunter's eyes, as if wondering how on earth one was supposed to communicate one's innermost desires, verbally, to this big, handsome, earnest Roman with his oh-so-Roman seriousness about nearly everything.
So now, as he and Esca rolled about on the floor of the forest clearing, half on, half off of the old cloak he had spread for them, it occurred to Marcus that perhaps certain things could only be shown by example. Not that he himself knew very much about them…his knowledge of what he wanted to try being secondhand, so to speak. All of his previous, limited, amorous experience had been with women. For what he was thinking about doing to Esca, he had little more to go on than the scroll of erotic Greek drawings owned by one of the junior officers in the Second Legion (and duly passed around the officers' mess hall). Mithras! How in blazes had those Athenians or Thebans, depicted in finely-outlined detail, gone about initiating things with each other anyway? Had they asked, formally, or simply flung themselves onto the object of their desire?
Doing was no doubt better than thinking, in this case, and there was nothing wrong with setting an example. So when Esca managed to roll him deftly over onto his back, he stayed that way, letting Esca settle between his knees. When Marcus made no move to continue their struggle, Esca paused and looked at him questioningly, bringing his hands to rest lightly on Marcus' hips. In response, Marcus reached into the leather pouch that held their small packet of bread and wine, and brought out the jar of oily salve he had sometimes used when massaging his injured leg.
He bore the pain with the stoicism bred into every Roman soldier, not making a sound. He had not known quite what to expect, and his mind and his senses were astonished by the peculiar feel of it, the burn, and the pressure. But he was riveted by the intent, focused look on Esca's face, by his almost stern expression, brows drawn together with effort, lips parted but tense, breath coming in harsh gasps as his hips thrust forward again and again; Marcus could tell that he was holding back, and moving slowly, so as not to hurt him any more than was inevitable. As his own body adjusted, the hardness within him moved against something that brought an explosion of pleasure, which continued to build until the discomfort was quite diminished by comparison. It reached a level of ecstasy that finally caused him to moan aloud, his body arching upwards involuntarily, sending him over the edge and bringing him to his climax only seconds after he felt Esca's release.
When they were replete with exhaustion and euphoria, lying tangled together half on, half off of the old cloak, Marcus watched Esca's dark bronze lashes flutter after he brushed his fingertips over them, softly. He felt a tenderness, a fierce protectiveness such as he had never felt for another person…and for a young warrior perfectly capable of looking after himself. By the Light of Mithras! Truly the gods worked in strange ways.
"Did that hurt you?" Esca murmured from his shoulder, turning his head and fixing those clear grey-blue eyes on his face in one of his disconcerting stares.
Marcus narrowed his own eyes, and reached out to tap Esca's high-bridged nose with the tip of his finger. "Did I look as though it hurt me?"
Yes," said Esca, ignoring Marcus' snort of denial. "At first, anyway."
"Well, look, Esca," Marcus said patiently, gesturing at the stickiness on his stomach that was practically gluing them together. "It didn't hurt so much that I couldn't, um..."
"I imagine that you will be wanting to do it to me, then," Esca went on philosophically, raising one eyebrow with just a hint of a smile.
Marcus took refuge in what he hoped sounded like Roman forthrightness. "Naturally I do," he said severely. "How could I not, when you're so…when you…but only if you want to, of course."
Esca gave him one of those ambiguous looks that said "You will have to wait and see, oh impatient centurion," to be followed by an exasperated one that clearly said, "Romans!"
"It grows late, Marcus," he murmured out loud, sitting up reluctantly and running both hands through the brightness of his hair. "It's bad enough that Sassticca will be cross about having to keep the cena waiting. But your uncle—"
"Uncle Aquila has no qualms about dining late," Marcus retorted, pulling Esca back down again. "He'll be too busy rewriting his summary of Agrippa's campaigns against the Aquitainians and Germans to even think about food. We can stay a few moments longer."
He tightened his grip on the young Briton, using a wrestler's hold they had both practiced, to keep him prone and immobile. Esca broke the hold with a countermove, but then subsided against Marcus' chest, bringing one hand to rest just below those impressive pectorals.
"Mine," Esca mumbled against Marcus' collarbone, and Marcus couldn't help himself; he grinned.


text:
Performance Evaluation of Computer Systems
CE Department- Sharif University of Technology
Fall - Group 1
Main Menu
Discussion Area
Online members:
Last login:
January 16, 2011 03:18 PM
Dear all students,
You can find the Final grades at "Grades" Section.
Tomorrow (27th of Dey), I'll bring your papers to see after the presentation session.
January 16, 2011 01:35 PM
Dear all students,
Please find the "Presentation Program" file in the "Assignments" Section.
The session will be held on Monday 27th of Dey 1389, at room 825.
Each student must be attend the session (all of the presentations) during 12:00 - 15:00 (It is mandatory!).
Moreover, the deadline to submit your final report for all of the students is Monday, 27th of Dey.
Best regards,
Hamed Yousefi
December 23, 2010 06:26 PM
Dear all students,
The slides related to "Markov & Queueing" was added in the "Resources" section.
December 22, 2010 11:11 PM
Dear all students,
Prof. Movaghar set the date of your "Final Exam" to Tuesday, 14th of Dey (2:00-4:00).
If you have any objection to this time, please give me your reasonable comments as soon as possible.
H. Yousefi
December 22, 2010 11:25 PM
Dear all students,
The deadline to specify your projects title is postponed to Tuesday, 7th of Dey.
You have to prepare a research proposal at least consists of 3 items: project title, abstract and list of the references.
You can find me in Room No. 405, on Sunday, 5th of Dey, (9:00-12:00) to finilize your title.
After the deadline, unfortunately, you loose a portion of your mark!
Moreover, the presentation date (and also the deadline to submit your final report) for all of the students is Monday, 27th of Dey.
H. Yousefi
December 19, 2010 09:24 PM
Dear all students,
You can find the Midterm grades at "Grades" Section.
Next week, I'll bring your papers to see.
Moreover, the deadline to specify your projects title is Sunday, 5 Dey.
Areas of my interest include, but are not limited to the following:
1. Wireless Sensor Networks
2. Delay Tolerant Networks
3. Cluster and Grid Computing
4. Queuing Theory and Delay Analysis
You have to prepare a research proposal at least consists of 3 items: project title, abstract and list of the references.
You must meet me to set your title in Room No. 405, on Tuesday (9:00-12:00) (I'll inform you if this time changes for any reason).
H. Yousefi
December 02, 2010 03:45 PM
Dear all students,
Two exam samples have beed uploaded at 'Resources' Section.
November 30, 2010 02:08 PM
Dear all students,
Please consider that the PE midterm will be held in Room 825 at 13:00, Sunday, Azar 14th, 1389.
So, be careful about the time (13:00).
November 27, 2010 08:27 PM
Dear students,
Second simulation exercise has been uploaded at 'Assignments' Section.
Please consider that the due date is 1389/10/03.
November 15, 2010 12:56 AM
Dear students,
You must send all your assignments to email@example.com. Your email subject must contain "Exercise Number", "Your Name", and "Student ID".
All I need for your first exercise are:
1-Report file (*.doc or *.pdf) (Some notes on the figures and simulation codes)
2-Source codes (Simulation & Analytical)
3-Output results and Figures (*.xls)
November 15, 2010 12:29 AM
THe deadline of the first exercise (EX1) has been postponed to Friday November 19, 2010.
October 29, 2010 04:04 PM
Dear Students,
Please send your email along with student id to
October 25, 2010 10:29 PM
Dear students,
I uploaded the E-books. You can find the related links in "Links" Section.
October 25, 2010 12:34 AM
Dear students,
First simulation exercise has been uploaded at 'Assignments' Section.
Please consider that the due date is 1389/8/23.
Ali Movaghar
3 Units
Sundays & Tuesdays 1:30 - 3:00
Room: 825
This website is visited
times since October 2010.
Updated Tuesday 2015-04-07 12:10
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GNU GPL version 2.0


text:
The BBC Trust today confirmed proposals to cut online spending by 25 per cent and to allow the closure of the Asian Network and the sell-off of BBC Worldwide's magazines business.
The final conclusions of the Trust's Strategy Review, launched two years ago, today stated that the BBC should aim to increase the quality of output in the director-general's five priority areas of journalism; knowledge, music and culture; UK drama and comedy; children's output and events that bring communities and the nation together.
But it confirmed plans to curb the ambitions of BBC Online, the part of the corporation which has garnered the most widespread criticism for encroaching on the commercial sector.
The Trust stated that 'BBC activity in individual online markets'should be 'clearly defined and justified in terms of its distinctiveness and its focus on the BBC's public purposes".
'We will pursue a 25 per cent reduction in the BBC Online budget, to improve the overall quality and coherence of the service and 'do fewer things better'. We expect to make an announcement soon about the nature of the changes involved."
The Trust said it accepted 'the case for disposing substantially of BBC Worldwide's magazine Business", but added the proviso; 'if the right price can be found".
The Trust also confirmed plans not to seek to competewith local newspapers more than it does already. It said: 'We agree that in the current market, the BBC should not launch new services that are any more local than its current offerings, particularly now that it is committed to offer support to any future commercial providers of local television news.


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text:
Last Updated: 11 / 11 / 2016
August 2016
to November 2016
This time last year we introduced a new multi-Level tournament series where you could become a local legend. Following the tremendous fan feedback we got last year we're happy to announce that the Local Legend Duelist Series returns for 2016!
|Local Legend Duelist Series (2016 Season) – Stage 1 FAQ
|Local Legend Duelist Series (2016 Season) – Stage 1 Event Locations
|Local Legend Duelist Series (2016 Season) – Stage 2 Invited Players
The Local Legend Duelist Series (LLDS) is a tournament series aimed at competitive Duelists. Those who prove themselves through the various qualifying events will be invited to an exclusive final where they can win special prizes!
The LLDS takes place across a number of Regions in Europe and Oceania. Each Region will run a 2-stage event program where aspiring Duelists will participate in qualifying tournaments and earn invitations to a higher tier of events.
Much like how invitations for WCQ: Continental Championships work, Stage 2 invites for the 2016 LLDS Season will now "pass down" if a player finishes in a qualification position in more than 1 event.
Players are no longer restricted based on the region they live in. A Stage 2 invitation allows you to compete in the finals in any country.
There will be no LLDS Stage 1 Grand Qualifiers in 2016; all 2016 LLDS Stage 1 events will be of equal importance!
As with the 2016 season, Duelists can earn exclusive Game Mats at each Local Legend Duelist Series event. Winners of LLDS Stage 1 Qualifiers will win the following Game Mat, featuring Dark Magician & Dark Magician Girl!
For the Stage 2 Game Mat we are doing something special this year, by using a Field Spell Card as the focal point of the design. This Game Mat features The Hidden City; the perfect backdrop to the various Subterror monsters you can Summon!
|New Zealand


text:
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Adventures in Reading: Chicka Chicka Boom Boom
I'm not sure how I'd missed Chicka Chicka Boom Boom up until now. I'd heard about it, sure, but never felt particularly moved to pick it up. A few months ago, during a wait at a local library, I wandered … Continue reading
Only 50 Shopping Days Left 'Till X-Mas (AAAAGGGGGGGGGGHHHHHHH!)
Yep–it's time to start screaming. Christmas/Chanukkah/Kwanzaa/Yule/the Saturnalia/the Festival of Mithras/etc. are approaching here in the northern hemisphere. Shopping is always a challenge for me, and I know it's extra-challenging for all of us with kids with special needs: our trek … Continue reading


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i'll be in Florida for work begin of november, and I'll have some days free before Dema.
My base i Jensen Beach, but i rent a car and i can move around this place and I have my rebreather with me.
Any spots suggestions?
Ouroboros, Sentinel, Kiss,rEvo
i'll be in Florida for work begin of november, and I'll have some days free before Dema.
My base i Jensen Beach, but i rent a car and i can move around this place and I have my rebreather with me.
Any spots suggestions?
Aldo Ferrucci
Trimix and Rebreather IT
Technical CCR/OC Training for Diver and Instructor in Italian - French - English in Italy, France, Belgium, Switzerland,Spain, Red Sea and beyond
Megalodon/Copis - Inspiration/Evolution - JJ-CCR - Poseidon Discovery MKVI - Instructor Trainer and Dealer
www.aldoferrucci.com FB Aldo Ferrucci
I like bubbles only in my glass of Champagne
Ray, Dolphin, Mk15
Blue Heron Bridge is 40 minute drive south.
"However beautiful the strategy, you should occasionally look at the results." Winston Churchill
A is A
Not only the BHB but there a number of operators and sites in the area. Jupiter would be a nice close destination offering great reefs and wrecks. It just keeps better as you travel down south. The West Palm area is great also.Boynton beach is excellent. Pompano isa wreck Mecca.
Take your pick.
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using Tapatalk 2
Check out Stuart scuba just south of Jensen. They do charters and are rebreather knowledgeable
Blue Heron Bridge is a simply astounding muck dive, but CCR may be overkill for the site. Learn the lay of the land and enjoy a superb 2 hour shore dive in shallow water with wondrous critters. Note that you can only dive near high tide, (and usually during daylight hours without specific pre-arrangement,) so a bit of recon is essential.
Jupiter Dive Center, (contact information noted on the Rebreather Friendly links,) may be able to show you a good time, but specific sites are dictated by their daily schedule. Give them a call and see what they can offer for your window of opportunity.
Kiss Classic & Sport, Kiss GEM
As has been mentioned above, there is lots of great diving near Jensen Beach.
Personally, for reefs and beautiful tropical fish, etc I would hit either Jupiter (Jupiter Dive Center, Emerald Charters, or Scubaworks) or West Palm Beach (lots of operators -- my favorite is Jim Abernethy's Scuba Adventures). Depths in Jupiter will be around 70-90 feet. The "northern" sites for West Palm will be similar depths and the "southern" sites will be 45-60 feet or so.
For "muck diving" you can't beat the Blue Heron Blvd Bridge in Riviera Beach (basically West Palm). You dive it around high tide and the maximum depth is only about 15-20 feet.
For some deeper wreck diving, go to Pompano (Pompano Dive Center). There is the Hydro Atlantic (175 feet), the Lowrance (200 feet), and the RBJ (240 feet) to name a few.
Have a great time and drop me a line when you get here. Maybe I can drive over and join you for some diving.


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Hey guys, if either of you ever reads this, two things: One, it takes a lot of time and practice for most people to get good at video games! A few people pick things up quickly, but most people you see playing games who are really good, they are good because they have been doing it for quite some time! Same with music, same with art, most really good artists have been drawing for years, day after day after day of sketching, thousands upon thousands of drawings to refine themselves to what they do now. Its not much different for games, and if you feel like you are dragging your team down because you aren't that good, just remember, most people started off sucking at that game too! And it took them a long time of being that useless player who doesn't know how to wall ride as lucio or can't hit hooks as roadhog or misses headshots as mccree before they got to where they are. And its only by playing match after match that you learn these skills and get better so you can be an awesome team player.Another note, its very unlikely that it is all your fault your team lost. Even if you are, actually, the weakest team member, games like overwatch are team based, meaning the individual strengths matter, but only so far as the whole team can work together. It doesn't matter how good your widow is if she keeps going off on her own and then gets ambushed because the other team is communicating and didn't let her start wiping them out. But if you really keep feeling that way, here is some advice, play with people you know. Invite friends, or ask people you play with if they want to keep playing with you and help you, or even see if other people on these forums play your games and play with them! Communication can help a lot, but also just having people you know or who are nice and supportive can help a ton. I personally don't play overwatch except when I'm at a friends, but I play Team Fortress Two, and when I'm really just feeling garbage at the game because I just keep dying, I go play with a buddy who will either be a good teammate and actually help me stay alive by staying at my side, or will make me feel less bad at the game because they suck as well
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Places I want to go
Places I would like to visit
Summer of love
The summer of 2017
Inca's and Aztecs - South America
A 3 week trip across the highlights of Bolivia and Peru (2014)
Places I have been
An incomplete collection of all the places I have travelled.
Japan trip 2
I was only there for a week (2015), but I couldn't resist seeing more...
Taiwan and Yunnan
In November 2014 I went to Taiwan and western china - where I met my future wife!
Indonesia 2015
I travelled around Indonesia in November 2015 after a short week in Japan.
Inter-rail home to England
Armed with an inter-rail ticket and a cheap budget airline flight to Vienna I took a 10 day trip through Europe back to home (2010).
Countries I have been
My personal quest for world domination! ;-)
Isolated places
Places you can really unwind...
Banana pancake trail - my first trip
This was the first backpacking trip I went on back in July 2007. It lasted 7 weeks and spanned Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos.
Central America
Feb 2011
India 2012
Three week train escapades in India. (2012)
Japan trip 1
Winter 2008
SE Asia 2016
Vietnam and beyond


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To The Power Of
Days 479, 481, and 482 – November 12, 14, and 15, 2012
The Power of Position
On Monday, my daughter and I played another spirited game of the French card game, Mille Bornes. Over the past few weeks, when we have played this games, we have been seated at our dining room table. This table is a long oval with one end near some windows that open to our backyard and the other end is closer to our kitchen. We have normally been playing at the end by the windows with my back facing a cabinet that contains some curious. On this particular day, the sun was coming in through the windows and making me squint, so I moved our playing area down to the other end of the table.
After two hands and a close score, my grade-school daughter made the following admission. She said, "I like it better when we play in our old spot. There I can see your cards in the mirror behind you."
Sure enough, the curio cabinet that I previously sat in front of does indeed contain a reflexive glass surface from which my daughter could see the cards in my hands.
She wins points for honesty.
The Power of Font
On Wednesday, the newspaper Peru21, ran a story detailing how Spotify, the Internet music provider, released a study that listed the top twenty songs to play while having sex.
As listed in the Peru21 story, the top five songs are…
…Time of My Life from the movie Dirty Dancing,
…Sexual Healing by Marvin Gaye,
…Bolero by Ravel,
…Take My Breath Away by Berlin, and
…Any Of His Songs by Barry White.
Why I am writing about this story is because of the italics used in the Peru21 story. An italic font is used to denote the name of a song. When this story was translated from English into Spanish, something was lost in the transmogrification. If you look at the discography of Barry White, you will notice there is no such song with the title "Any Of His Songs".
If you jump over to the actual release from Spotify, you will see that the actual notation for Mr. White is…
"Barry White – Anything from his collection"
That's the power of the italic font.
For anybody in the Peru21 audience who wants to find the song Any of His Songs, they will be somewhat disappointed when all they really needed to was look for any song by Mr. White.
Nice to see that I'm not the only one who has trouble with the whole translation thing.
The Power of the State
On Thursday, I went with out empleada, J, to enroll her in the state-run insurance and retirement program. What I found interesting was one of the documents J needed to bring. It was not that out of the ordinary for her to bring her national identification card that all Peruvians carry. What raised my eyebrow was the requirement that her ID card needed to have the mark on it that showed that she had voted in the last national election. Voting is mandatory in Peru and this is one way the State ensures its citizens vote.
And with an opposite view…
A Power Failure
Lima's free newspaper, Publimetro, ran a story that shows even fame has its limits.
Lady Gaga is having a concert in Lima next week and the organizers have announced a two-for-one deal. Buy one ticket to the performance and you will receive another ticket free.
According to the story, this is being done because only 15,000 tickets have been sold for the 50,000-seat venue.
Maybe her little monsters (that's her fan club) need to get on the telephone and get the word out.
Posted on November 16, 2012, in Difference, Peru and tagged Barry White, Lady Gaga, Mille Bornes, Peru, travel, voting. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment.


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K V Marine Exports
Mr. K.V. Viswa Mohanan (K.V.V. Mohanan) the Chief Executive of this company is also the Managing Director of M/s. KVM Exports Private Limited. Mr. Mohanan is in this industry for about four decades, the company has its own raw material collection centres at all the coastal line of Tamil Nadu and Nellore area for sea materials as well as for farm raised shrimps. By having 15 refrigerated own trucks, raw material can be reached in the plant in good condition. The production is supervised as per HACCP system which is approved by Concerned Authority including USFDA, EU, ISO, BRC & HALAL. The company has 4 nos. of generators (500 KVA, 250KVA, 160KVA & 125KVA) to get continuous power supply. Our preprocessing and processing area is about 25000 sq.ft., which can accommodate 200 employees per shift. 3 nos. of flake ice machine, which provides 40 tons of ice per day to process and store the raw material in good condition. Metal detectors are provided in packing areas. There are 6 water storage tanks to get continuous supply of water. The treated water (through Fresh Water RO Plant) is supplied to the processing as well as pre-processing units. 3 nos. of Plate Freezers 5 tons capacity each and Imported IQF Line capable of processing 500 kg/hr available for quick freezing of the processed raw material. There are chill rooms in both preprocessing and processing area to preserve the excess raw material. 4 Cold Storages to store about 500 tons of finished products. A good effluent treatment plant is also provided. In addition to the above, efficient management team, good quality control group and dedicated employees are the pillars of this Organisation. K.V. Marine Exports has years of experience in exporting fresh and quality White Shrimps at very cost effective rates. Penaeus Indicus provided by us are available in all varieties that consist of the following - Head-on, Shell-on, Tail-on White Shrimps; Head-Less, Shell-on, Tail-on White Shrimps; Peeled and Un-deveined - PUD (White) Shrimps; and Peeled and Deveined - PD (White) Shrimps.
- 61 Venkatesa Street, Chinthadripet, -600002


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Do you ever take time out of your busy life and ask yourself - what is your life's work? The work you always think of doing, but never do.
Do you want to create something on your own - write a book, create your own app, or design a video game, but never find the courage to do.
Relax, you are not alone.
All of us struggle with such questions at some point in our life. Some find the answer in their twenties, while some find it in their thirties, forties, or even fifties. There is no age limit, whether upper or lower, to finding your life's work.
But it isn't something you do once and later forget about. It's the work you keep doing again and again, only getting better each time. And if you aren't doing it now you're missing something in your life.
When you struggle with the same routine work every day, you wonder if it's even possible to do what you love.
There are two limitations that may stop you. One is real, another is superficial.
I understand if you have real limitations like family responsibility, loans, or lack of money or resources. I know it's easy to say to follow your passion, but tough to do when you have so many things to worry about. Some of us do have such problems which we can't ignore.
But you may not even have these limitations and yet you are afraid to follow your passion. Why is that?
It's because of the superficial limitations that majority of us impose on ourselves to stop us from doing our life's work.
For most of us it's possible to carry out our family responsibilities, pay loans, save money, and do that work we always wanted to do. It seems tough, but is definitely doable.
We make up so many problems ourselves - "I don't have time"; "It won't work"; "What will others think of me?" In reality, most of these problems don't exist. We just love to imagine such problems, so that we can postpone following our passion.
And we do that because we don't want to take the risk that automatically comes with starting a new project. And that's why we don't do anything but just spend our time debating whether our idea will work or not.
But you never know if it'll work or not unless you do it. How can you know if you'll succeed or fail, if you don't show your work to the world.
You don't have any answer for that. And to put you at ease, nobody else does.
We only think and act based on our experience, intuition, and thoughts. And these differ from person to person. What works for one might not work for another.
When you set out to do your life's work, you face as many challenges as opportunities. Don't give up thinking only about the challenges, think of the opportunities too.
Today, we have so many advantages than what we had just a decade ago. Everything has become so affordable, that the only thing that matters now is our time.
It's no longer about having huge amount of money and resources. You can succeed even by dedicating just your time. For example, this blog makes some money and all I have to give it is my time and publish useful articles. And yes, it runs on a great free blogging platform - Blogger.
And you can see this everywhere - Want to start a blog with zero investment? sure there is Blogger for you; Want to create great graphic art for free? sure there is Gimp for you; Want to learn programming? sure there are tons of free online resources for you.
Everywhere you see, you'll find a solution for every little problem you have.
But most people don't look for solutions, they look for problems. They don't realize that all that matters is sharing your great ideas, and not waiting for the perfect launch for your blog, app, or services.
Sure there are some limitations with using free or cheap products, but you can always produce great work and gain recognition even within these limitations. But to do that, you have to look at the positive side and take some action.
See any successful person, and you'll see that they too started just like you and me. Except for the rare few, most succeed simply by doing hard work everyday, and trying to become better and better with each passing day.
And the problem isn't that we don't know this, the problem is we keep looking for some magic trick that will ease our work and make us instantly rich. And that's why most people fail or give up after few months of trying.
If you take time to study the life of self-made millionaires you'll see that most of them succeeded by doing hard work and not taking shortcuts.
Stop wasting time on things that don't matter. Successful people just keep doing what they are good at without caring about trivial issues.
And stop postponing your dreams because you think they are too big.
And stop postponing your dreams because you think they are too big.
If you want to create things that have the potential to reach thousands or millions of users, you have to start first by reaching one real user; and then move to ten, hundred, and thousand users.
If your dreams are too big, break them into small parts and try to accomplish one small goal at a time.
Take one thing and start it today. Once you finish it, take another small goal and work on it. Keep accomplishing one goal after another, and try to increase the size of your goals every time.
For example if you want to write a book, just write one sentence today. Tomorrow write one more sentence, then write two sentences, then three and so on. And in few months you'll be surprised to see that you can easily write fifty or hundred sentences in one day.
That's how powerful that one sentence will become if you start with it today. It's just a matter of time before that single sentence turns into a complete book.
And you are not the only one with problems - Want to start a blog but think it's too difficult, what about this guy; Think that it's too tough to learn programming, what about this guy; Think you are too old to create good design, what about this guy.
The reason I use examples of common people is because it's easy for us to give up when we compare ourself with people who are at top of their profession. If you compare yourself to Bill Gates and Steve Jobs, not only you won't get started, but you won't ever feel happy about yourself.
There is nothing wrong with having big goals in life. But to attain them first learn to complete small goals in your life. Then keep getting bigger and bigger.
Stop making excuses and start taking actions. If you really want to do something, is it that tough to take half and hour out of your daily life. Is it necessary to spend your time in shopping and watching movies when you can be doing what you love and adding some value to this world.
Doing isn't the tough part, it's getting started that's tough.
Also, it's not the failures that count, it's success. And even if you succeed once it can overcome your ten earlier failures - what better example than Apple.
When you think about doing your life's work you face two choices. Should you look for excuses or should you look for solutions.
Keep looking for excuses and you'll find many reasons to stop you from doing your work. Keep looking for solutions and you'll again find many reasons to help you in doing your work.
Keep looking for excuses and you'll find many reasons to stop you from doing your work. Keep looking for solutions and you'll again find many reasons to help you in doing your work.
Those are your only choices, and your choice will decide the person you become in personal and professional life.
There are no excuses for not doing your life's work. Just stop inventing your own.
P.S. To all readers using google+, now you can follow this blog and share your comments with me on google+.
Note for email subscribers: Feedburner missed to deliver one post last week. You can read it here: "How to learn Designing."
share this on : twitter | facebook | google+


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Walton crowned queen
The Lafayette high School 2017 homecoming Queen was crown to Senior Ms. Daijahnna Rakel Walton, She is 17 years old. Born January 30, 2017
Parents : Rozeta Walton of Five Points, Tony Walton of Opelika. Daijahnna enjoys softball & basketball. Her favorite food : chicken Alfredo. Daijahnna will attend college for sports medicine.
She is also in the top 10 of her class.
Congratulation Ms. Daijahnna Walton


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The Convention on Modern Liberty launched on Facebook today. If you're a member please join the Group here. We intend Facebook to be one of the main ways through which we organise and communicate with people about the Convention. I went for a Group rather than a FB Page to start with because of the advantages it offers in terms of messaging members directly to their inboxes and growing the group through invites in the initial stages (Facebook allows you to migrate a Group across to a Page if you choose to do so so long as you're an official representative of that group). Do join the Convention Group, invite your friends and anyone who might be interested and get involved on the discussion boards where I have started a few threads.
The Convention on Facebook
You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


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Short Line 101 Restoration - Page 2
1. Vulcan 0-4-0
2. C.T. Ham Locomotive Headlight Restoration
3. Detail parts
Welding the rails.
Rolling locomotive onto track in shop.
Parts awaiting restoration and reassembly.
Removing mill scale from steam dome prior to
Smoke box front with graphite applied to match
original specifications.
Boiler with graphited smoke box.
Thom painting the cab interior green to match the
Securing new ceramic insulation onto the steam dome
with rubber tubing prior to banding.
Banding the steam dome
with stainless steel banding.
Boiler insulation completed
with new ceramic insulation secured.
<< Previous Page Pages 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Next Page >>


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Digital Piano
F-90BK: Digital Piano
- Affordable 88-note digital piano with premium features and modern style
- Exclusive Progressive Hammer-Action Keyboard permits dynamic playing
- High-quality piano sounds respond naturally in upper and lower registers
- Onboard instrument sounds like electric piano, organ and strings
- Metronome function and dual headphone jacks for practice
- Special dual-speaker system designed to compliment cabinet acoustics
- Available in new black cabinet (F-90-BK) or original simulated maple finish (F-90)
Whether you're into contemporary styles or a conservative look, there's an F-90 Digital Piano for you. The original simulated maple finish fits well with a modern décor, while the new F-90-BK is suited for those who prefer traditional looks. Either way, you'll get the same great piano sounds and features. The choice is yours…
Exceptionally Realistic
The F-90's stereo-sampled piano sounds faithfully reproduce the sparkling clear notes of the upper register down to the natural reverberation of the lower register. Put simply, you won't find a better grand piano sound without owning one. And with Roland's Progressive Hammer-Action Keyboard, the 88 weighted keys feel and respond just like an acoustic grand piano, with a lighter touch in the upper range and heavier touch in the lower range. Now you can play music the way it was intended to be played.
A Versatile Instrument for Practice or Pleasure
A well-rounded instrument, the F-90 features a range of instrument sounds like electric piano, harpsichord, organ, strings, and choir—complete with reverb and chorus, plus a handy Layer mode. A built-in metronome offers adjustable tempo, beat and volume, while dual headphone jacks permit silent practice. Fifty onboard demo songs can be used for practice or listening enjoyment; you can even play along with CDs using the stereo Line input. And all of this music sounds great through the F-90's custom stereo speaker system.
Volume Pedal
Low-impedance volume pedal for keyboards or for connection after effects units.
Expression Pedal
Durable pedal for controlling a wide range of effects parameters.
Damper Pedal
A high-quality damper pedal with expressive half-pedal capabilities.
Damper Pedal
Momentary footswitch for use with keyboards and recording products.
If you have questions about operating your Roland or BOSS product, please log in to MyRoland where you can log an enquiry with one of our product specialists.
In addition, we have a library of Updates and Drivers and Support Documents that you can download and reference. If Support Documents are available for this product, they will be listed below.


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Billy Ray Barnett, 82, of Pinson, formerly of Parrish, passed away Wednesday, Oct. 4, 2017.
The family will receive friends Sunday, Oct. 8, 2017, from 1 until 3 p.m. at Ridout's Trussville Chapel in Birmingham.
A memorial service will be held Sunday, Oct. 8, 2017, at 3 p.m. at Ridout's Trussville Chapel. Earl Barnett will officiate.
Barnett retired from CSX Railroad as a locomotive engineer. He loved coaching girls' softball and planting gardens. He truly loved his family.
He was preceded in death by his wife, Judy Kennedy Barnett; parents, Lessie Usrey Barnett and Chesley A. Barnett Jr.; son, Billy Scott Barnett; and daughter, Donna Barnett Wright.
He is survived by his daughters, Jenni Falkner (Kevin) and Jill Barnett; sister, Patsy Argent; brothers, Henry D. Barnett (Delores) and Chesley A. Barnett III (Jayne); six grandchildren, Robert Russell (Kristi), Kathryn Leatherwood (Brandon), Kara Wright, Chelsea, Patrick and Jenna Falkner; four great-grandchildren; and a host of nieces and nephews.
Ridout's Trussville Chapel, Birmingham; 205-655-2173


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- 1 IIT Chennai Recruitment for Non-Teaching Jobs / Apply before 17.2.2016
- 1.1 IIT Madras Jr Technician Assistant Recruitment PDF / Online Application Form @ iitm.ac.in
- 1.2 Indian Institute of Technology Chennai Recruitment for Non- Teaching Jobs:
IIT Chennai Recruitment for Non-Teaching Jobs / Apply before 17.2.2016
IIT Madras Jr Technician Assistant Recruitment Notification released by the Indian Institute of Technology Madras. IITM invites online application for various non-teaching positions. IIT Madras Recruitment 2016 posted under IITM/R/1/2016 dated on 22.01.2016. IITM recruitment non –teaching positions are offering various posts in Chennai. Every year IIT Madras release different recruitment notification for select capable candidates in various posts. In the year, 2016 IITM came up with new recruitment notification. IITM currently holds 59 junior Technician posts in different categories. Candidates who seeks for Diploma Jobs, submit your Bio Data form. Moreover, who is looking for a Govt career after Graduation this notification will help you to get Govt jobs in Chennai Already online application started for IIT Madras recruitment 2016. Any of the eligible candidates who do not want to miss Non- teaching Positions at IITM apply now. Last date for submission of application through iitm.ac.in on or before 17.02.2016.
IIT Madras Jr Technician Assistant Recruitment PDF / Online Application Form @ iitm.ac.in
IIT Madras Recruitment Non-Teaching posts is a gateway to apply for Govt Jobs in Tamil Nadu State. By applying for Junior technician post candidates can try for latest Chennai Jobs. According to this notification vacancies are available in Security Guard, Junior Asst, Junior Technician, Engineer, Physical education Officer, Technical Officer, Asst Registar, Medical Officer and Dpty register etc. Fr every post IITM needs 5 years experience candidates. An aspirant who satisfies IIT Madras Jr Technician Assistant recruitment Eligibility criteria can apply in online before the last date. Relaxation in age to internal candidates is applicable as per rules.
Indian Institute of Technology Chennai Recruitment for Non- Teaching Jobs:
Name of organisation: Indian Institute of Technology Madras
Job profile: various posts
Job type: Contract Basis
Number of jobs: 59 posts
- Superintending Engineer-1 post
- Deputy Registrar-2 posts
- Assistant Registrar-2 posts
- Medical Officer-3 posts
- Technical Officer-2 posts
- Physical Education Officer-1 post
- Junior Superintendent-4 posts
- Junior Engineer-1 post
- Junior Technical Superintendent- 9 posts
- Junior Technician*- 17 posts
- Junior Assistant-16 posts
- Security Guard-12 posts
Job location: Chennai
Age limit
- For no.10,11 and 12 posts 27 years
- For no.7,8 and 9 posts 32 years
- For no.3,4,5 and 6 posts-45 years
- And for 1 and 2 posts 50 years
Educational Qualification for IIT Chennai Non-Teaching Jobs
- For no.2 and 3posts: Post graduate qualification with 55% marks and 5 years experience in relevant field.
- For no. 1,5 and 9 posts: BE/BTech with 5 years experience in relevant field.
- For no. 4 post: MBBS degree from IMC recognised university with 3 years clinical experience in hospitals.
- For no.6,7,11 and 8 posts: Graduate in physical education/Arts/Diploma in mechanical engineering with 5/6 years experience.
- For post no. 10: Diploma in engineering with 2 years experience.
- For no. 12 post: SSLC with high physical fitness and having NCC certificate.
IIT Chennai Recruitment process
- Written test
- Interview.
- For 12,11 and 10 post: Rs.5200-20200/- with 2000/-
- For 7,8 and 9 posts: Rs.9300 to 34800 with 4200/-
- For remaining posts: Rs15600 to 39100 with 5400-7600/- grade pay.
Application fee
Rs.100/- for unreserved categories.
How to apply the IIT Madras Jobs
- Visit iitm.ac.in
- Then search for the advertisement number mentioned above.
- Apply to IITmadras recruitment 2016 by mentioning the post name you deserve.
- Pay exam fee and submit.
- Wait and collect you ID of registerd application.
IIT Madras Recruitment Dates
Last date to apply for IIT Madras recruitment 2016 is 17.02.2016
IIT Chennai Recruitment Notification links:
Official Notification for IIT Madras Jobs
IIT Madras Junior Technician Recruitment 2016:
IIT Madras notified in notification that woman is also eligible to apply. Candidates seeking for diploma jobs in Chennai can apply. But for Diploma candidates they should complete a diploma degree after 10th class of continuing duration of 3 years course. Post no.1, 2 and 3 are recruiting on Contract basis. Before apply to any of the posts mentioned in IIT Madras Jr Technician Assistant Recruitment notification. Kindly candidates, check your requisite qualification and experience. Non-receipt of any supporting documents, which indicates your eligibility, will be considered as incomplete application. We suggest to all applicant show wish to apply to IIT Chennai recruitment 2016, verify the official notification once.
To know the latest updates about Chennai Jobs/upcoming Govt jobs in Chennai follow Jobs Q. Thank you.
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