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Quiz Questions (fill in the blanks)
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Can Robots Obtain Consciousness?
In recent years, consciousness has become a significant topic of research in psychology and 1) ___. The primary focus is on understanding what it means biologically and psychologically for information to be present in consciousness – that is, on determining the neural and psychological correlates of consciousness. The majority of experimental studies assess consciousness by asking human subjects for a verbal report of their experiences (e.g., "tell me if you notice anything when I do this"). Issues of interest include phenomena such as subliminal perception, blind sightedness, denial of impairment, and altered 2) ___ of consciousness produced by psychoactive drugs or spiritual or meditative techniques.
In medicine, consciousness is assessed by observing a patient's arousal and responsiveness, and can be seen as a continuum of states ranging from full alertness and comprehension, through disorientation, delirium, loss of meaningful communication, and finally loss of movement in response to painful stimuli. Issues of practical concern include how the presence of consciousness can be assessed in severely ill, comatose, or anesthetized people, and how to treat conditions in which consciousness is impaired or disrupted.
Since the dawn of Newtonian science with its vision of simple mechanical principles governing the entire universe, some philosophers have been tempted by the idea that consciousness could be explained in purely physical terms. The first influential writer to propose such an idea explicitly was Julien Offray de La Mettrie, in his book Man a Machine (L'homme machine). His arguments, however, were very abstract. The most influential modern physical theories of consciousness are based on 3) ___ and neuroscience. Theories proposed by neuroscientists such as Gerald Edelman and Antonio Damasio, and by philosophers such as Daniel Dennett, seek to explain consciousness in terms of neural events occurring within the 4) ___. Many other neuroscientists, such as Christof Koch, have explored the neural basis of consciousness without attempting to frame all-encompassing global theories. At the same time, computer scientists working in the field of Artificial Intelligence have pursued the goal of creating digital computer programs that can simulate or embody consciousness.
A few theoretical physicists have argued that classical physics is intrinsically incapable of explaining the holistic aspects of consciousness, but that quantum theory provides the missing ingredients. Several theorists have therefore proposed quantum mind (QM) theories of 5) ___. Notable theories falling into this category include the Holonomic brain theory of Karl Pribram and David Bohm, and the Orch-OR theory formulated by Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose. Some of these QM theories offer descriptions of phenomenal consciousness, as well as QM interpretations of access consciousness. None of the quantum mechanical theories has been confirmed by experiment. Recent papers by Guerreshi, G., Cia, J., Popescu, S. and Briegel, H. could falsify proposals such those of Hameroff which rely on quantum entanglement in protein. At the present time many scientists and philosophers consider the arguments for an important role of quantum phenomena to be unconvincing.
Medical Aspects
The medical approach to consciousness is practically oriented. It derives from a need to treat people whose brain function has been impaired as a result of disease, brain damage, toxins, or drugs. In medicine, conceptual distinctions are considered useful to the degree that they can help to guide treatments. Whereas the philosophical approach to consciousness focuses on its fundamental nature and its contents, the 6) ___ approach focuses on the amount of consciousness a person has: in medicine, consciousness is assessed as a "level" ranging from coma and brain death at the low end, to full alertness and purposeful responsiveness at the high end.
Consciousness is of concern to patients and physicians, especially neurologists and anesthesiologists. Patients may suffer from disorders of consciousness, or may need to be anesthetized for a surgical procedure. Physicians may perform consciousness-related interventions such as instructing the patient to sleep, administering general anesthesia, or inducing medical coma. Also, bioethicists may be concerned with the ethical implications of consciousness in medical cases of patients such as Karen Ann Quinlan, while neuroscientists may study patients with impaired consciousness in hopes of gaining information about how the brain works.
In medicine, consciousness is examined using a set of procedures known as neuropsychological assessment. There are two commonly used methods for assessing the level of consciousness of a patient: a simple procedure that requires minimal training, and a more complex procedure that requires substantial expertise. The simple procedure begins by asking whether the patient is able to move and react to physical 7) ___. If so, the next question is whether the patient can respond in a meaningful way to questions and commands. If so, the patient is asked for name, current location, and current day and time. A patient who can answer all of these 8) ___ is said to be "oriented times three" (sometimes denoted "Ox3" on a medical chart), and is usually considered fully conscious.
The more complex procedure is known as a neurological examination, and is usually carried out by a neurologist in a 9) ___ setting. A formal neurological examination runs through a precisely delineated series of tests, beginning with tests for basic sensorimotor reflexes, and culminating with tests for sophisticated use of language. The outcome may be summarized using the Glasgow Coma Scale, which yields a number in the range 3-15, with a score of 3 indicating brain 10) ___ the lowest defined level of consciousness), and 15 indicating full consciousness. The Glasgow Coma Scale has three subscales, measuring the best motor response (ranging from "no motor response" to "obeys commands"), the best eye response (ranging from "no eye opening" to "eyes opening spontaneously") and the best verbal response (ranging from "no verbal response" to "fully oriented"). There is also a simpler pediatric version of the scale, for children too young to be able to use language.
ANSWERS: 1) neuroscience; 2) states; 3) psychology; 4) brain; 5) consciousness; 6) medical; 7) stimuli; 8) questions; 9) hospital; 10) death
History of Medicine
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Representation of consciousness from the seventeenth century
Consciousness is the quality or state of being aware of an external object or something within oneself. It has been defined as: subjectivity, awareness, the ability to experience or to feel, wakefulness, having a sense of selfhood, and the executive control system of the mind. Despite the difficulty in definition, many philosophers believe that there is a broadly shared underlying intuition about what consciousness is. As Max Velmans and Susan Schneider wrote in The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness: "Anything that we are aware of at a given moment forms part of our consciousness, making conscious experience at once the most familiar and most mysterious aspect of our lives."
Philosophers since the time of Descartes and Locke have struggled to comprehend the nature of consciousness and pin down its essential properties. Issues of concern in the philosophy of consciousness include whether the concept is fundamentally valid; whether consciousness can ever be explained mechanistically; whether non-human consciousness exists and if so how it can be recognized; how consciousness relates to language; and whether it may ever be possible for computers or robots to be conscious. Perhaps the thorniest issue is whether consciousness can be understood in a way that does not require a dualistic distinction between mental and physical states or properties.
The first influential philosopher to discuss this question specifically was Rene Descartes (1596-1650), and the answer he gave is known as Cartesian dualism. Descartes proposed that consciousness resides within an immaterial domain he called res cogitans (the realm of thought), in contrast to the domain of material things which he called res extensa (the realm of extension). He suggested that the interaction between these two domains occurs inside the brain, perhaps in a small midline structure called the pineal gland. Although it is widely accepted that Descartes explained the problem cogently, few later philosophers have been happy with his solution, and his ideas about the pineal gland have especially been ridiculed. Alternative solutions, however, have been very diverse. They can be divided broadly into two categories: dualist solutions that maintain Descartes's rigid distinction between the realm of consciousness and the realm of matter but give different answers for how the two realms relate to each other; and monist solutions that maintain that there is really only one realm of being, of which consciousness and matter are both aspects
John Locke, British philosopher active in the 17th century
The origin of the modern concept of consciousness is often attributed to John Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding, published in 1690. Locke defined consciousness as "the perception of what passes in a man's own mind." His essay influenced the 18th century view of consciousness, and his definition appeared in Samuel Johnson's celebrated Dictionary (1755). The earliest English language uses of "conscious" and "consciousness" date back, however, to the 1500s. The English word "conscious" originally derived from the Latin conscius (con- "together" + scire "to know"), but the Latin word did not have the same meaning as our word – it meant knowing with, in other words having joint or common knowledge with another. There were, however, many occurrences in Latin writings of the phrase conscius sibi, which translates literally as "knowing with oneself", or in other words sharing knowledge with oneself about something. This phrase had the figurative meaning of knowing that one knows, as the modern English word "conscious" does. In its earliest uses in the 1500s, the English word "conscious" retained the meaning of the Latin conscius. For example Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan wrote: "Where two, or more men, know of one and the same fact, they are said to be Conscious of it one to another.
Sigmund Freud and his followers developed an account of the unconscious mind, which plays an important role in psychoanalysis. By giving intricate definition to the unconscious, Freud contributed greatly to the understanding of the conscious mind studied today by neuroscientists like Eric Kandel MD, Nobel Prize winner and professor at Columbia University.
An iceberg is often used to illustrate Freud's theories, showing that most of the human mind operates unconsciously
Freud divided the mind into the conscious mind (or the ego) and the unconscious mind. The latter was then further divided into the id (or instincts and drive) and the superego (or conscience). In this theory, the unconscious refers to the mental processes of which individuals make themselves unaware. Freud proposed a vertical and hierarchical architecture of human consciousness: the conscious mind, the preconscious, and the unconscious mind – each lying beneath the other. He believed that significant psychic events take place "below the surface" in the unconscious mind, like hidden messages from the unconscious. He interpreted such events as having both symbolic and actual significance. In psychoanalytic terms, the unconscious does not include all that is not conscious, but rather what is actively repressed from conscious thought or what a person is averse to knowing consciously. Freud viewed the unconscious as a repository for socially unacceptable ideas, wishes or desires, traumatic memories, and painful emotions put out of mind by the mechanism of psychological repression. However, the contents did not necessarily have to be solely negative. In the psychoanalytic view, the unconscious is a force that can only be recognized by its effects – it expresses itself in the symptom. In a sense, this view places the conscious self as an adversary to its unconscious, warring to keep the unconscious hidden. Unconscious thoughts are not directly accessible to ordinary introspection, but are supposed to be capable of being "tapped" and "interpreted" by special methods and techniques such as meditation, free association (a method largely introduced by Freud), dream analysis, and verbal slips (commonly known as a Freudian slip), examined and conducted during psychoanalysis. Seeing as these unconscious thoughts are normally cryptic, psychoanalysts are considered experts in interpreting their messages.
Freud later used his notion of the unconscious in order to explain certain kinds of neurotic behavior; behavior that is difficult for the conscious mind/brain to change,
Dreams, not existing in the conscious or the unconscious mind, were considered by Freud, to be the royal road to the unconscious.
1. Ongoing attempt to define consciousness
"The evolution of the capacity to simulate seems to have culminated in subjective consciousness. Why this should have happened is, to me, the most profound mystery facing modern biology" Richard Dawkins, The Selfish Gene. Since 1976, it has remained so.
In 2004, eight neuroscientists felt it was too soon for a definition. They wrote an apology in "Human Brain Function": "We have no idea how consciousness emerges from the physical activity of the brain and we do not know whether consciousness can emerge from non-biological systems, such as computers. At this point the reader will expect to find a careful and precise definition of consciousness. You will be disappointed. Consciousness has not yet become a scientific term that can be defined in this way. Currently we all use the term consciousness in many different and often ambiguous ways. Precise definitions of different aspects of consciousness will emerge but to make precise definitions at this stage is premature." In contrast to philosophical definitions, an operational definition can be tested experimentally, and is useful for current research. A current definition for self-awareness, proposed in the 1970s by Gordon Gallup, is known as the mirror test. An operational definition proposed in 2012 states "consciousness is the sum of the electrical discharges occurring throughout the nervous system of a being at any given instant". This operational definition is based on Dennett's theory of the Multiple Drafts Model of Consciousness, arising from the Buddha's pluripotent model of consciousness. What many consider consciousness may simply be the personal awareness of all the neurons delivering messages to the mind, but operational consciousness can include all neuronal activity. Extending this concept to all sentient beings, one can measure a range of consciousness based on how many and how powerfully neurons are actually firing, varying from worms to humans. One can answer the question, is someone asleep less conscious than someone thinking about a difficult problem. Although technology does not exist currently to measure this, it can be estimated by determining oxygen consumption by the brain.
2. Could a machine ever be conscious?
The idea of an artifact made conscious is an ancient theme of mythology, appearing for example in the Greek myth of Pygmalion, who carved a statue that was magically brought to life, and in medieval Jewish stories of the Golem, a magically animated homunculus built of clay. However, the possibility of actually constructing a conscious machine was probably first discussed by Ada Lovelace, in a set of notes written in 1842 about the Analytical Engine invented by Charles Babbage, a precursor (never built) to modern electronic computers. Lovelace was essentially dismissive of the idea that a machine such as the Analytical Engine could think in a humanlike way. She wrote: "It is desirable to guard against the possibility of exaggerated ideas that might arise as to the powers of the Analytical Engine. The Analytical Engine has no pretensions whatever to originate anything. It can do whatever we know how to order it to perform. It can follow analysis; but it has no power of anticipating any analytical relations or truths. Its province is to assist us in making available what we are already acquainted with."
One of the most influential contributions to this question was an essay written in 1950 by pioneering computer scientist Alan Turing, titled Computing Machinery and Intelligence. Turing disavowed any interest in terminology, saying that even "Can machines think?" is too loaded with spurious connotations to be meaningful; but he proposed to replace all such questions with a specific operational test, which has become known as the Turing test. To pass the test a computer must be able to imitate a human well enough to fool interrogators. In his essay Turing discussed a variety of possible objections, and presented a counterargument to each of them. The Turing test is commonly cited in discussions of artificial intelligence as a proposed criterion for machine consciousness; it has provoked a great deal of philosophical debate. For example, Daniel Dennett and Douglas Hofstadter argue that anything capable of passing the Turing test is necessarily conscious, while David Chalmers argues that a philosophical zombie could pass the test, yet fail to be conscious.
Christof Koch lists the following four definitions of consciousness in his latest book, which can be summarized as follows: Consciousness is the inner mental life that we lose each night when we fall into dreamless sleep, consciousness can be measured with the Glasgow Coma Scale that assesses the reactions of patients, an active cortico-thalamic complex is necessary for consciousness in humans, and put philosophically, consciousness is what it is like to feel something.
The medical approach continues to focus on the amount of consciousness a person has: in medicine, consciousness is assessed as a "level" ranging from full alertness and purposeful responsiveness at the high end, to coma and brain death at the low end.
"Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow,
Creeps in this petty pace from day to day
To the last syllable of recorded time,
And all our yesterdays have lighted fools
The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle!
Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player
That struts and frets his hour upon the stage
And then is heard no more: it is a tale
Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,
Signifying nothing."
Macbeth – William Shakespeare (1564 -1616)
Editor's Note: We will continue to share information about highly sophisticated robots, with AI, like Watson, and how they differ from humans, but this gap is narrowing. We think of our 5 (or 6) senses as being strictly human, separating us from AI robots, however, keep in mind, that already at the beginning of the 21st Century, robots are responding to and storing data from, touch, vision, auditory stimuli; we know that DARPA has developed robots with a sense of smell much greater than that of a bomb sniffing dog. That leaves taste. Robots still are not able to feel in the human sense, and to dream. And, at this point, robots do not have an unconscious which is as vastly mysterious as human consciousness.
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Child Well-Being – Drop in Infant Mortality, Preterm and Adolescent Birth Rates
The infant mortality rate, the preterm birth rate, and the adolescent birth rate all continued to decline, average mathematics scores increased for 4th and 8th grade students, the violent crime victimization rate among youth fell, as did the % of young children living in a home where someone smoked, according to the federal government's annual statistical report on the well-being of the nation's children and youth. However, the % of children living in poverty increased, and the % of children with at least one parent employed full time, year-round decreased.
These and other findings are described in America's Children in Brief: Key National Indicators of Well-Being, 2012. The report was compiled by the Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics, a working group of 22 federal agencies that produce and use data on issues related to children and families. The report uses the most recently available and reliable official federal statistics to describe the family and social environment, economic circumstances, health care, physical environment and safety, behavior, education, and health of America's children and youth.
The report notes that infants born preterm or of low birth weight are at high risk of early death and long-term health and developmental problems.
The Forum alternates publishing a detailed report, America's Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being, with a summary version that highlights selected indicators. This year, the Forum is publishing America's Children in Brief; it will publish the more detailed report in 2013. New to this year's report is a figure showing the % of children in race groups constituting less than 10% of the population (American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, or two or more races).
Among the findings in this year's report comparing 2009 to 2010 data:
- A drop in births in girls ages 15 to 17, from 20/1,000 to 17/1,000
- A drop in the % of infants born before 37 weeks' gestation (preterm), from 12.2% to 12.0%
- A drop in deaths before the first birthday, from 6.4/1,000 births to 6.1/1,000 births
- A drop in the % of children from birth to 17 years of age living with at least one parent employed year round full time, from 72% to 71%
- A rise in the proportion of children from birth to 17 years of age living in poverty, from 21% to 22%
- A drop in the % of children from birth to 17 years of age living in households classified by the USDA as food insecure, from 23% to 22%
- A drop in the proportion of youth ages 12-17 who were victims of serious violent crimes, from 11/1,000 to 7/1,000
- A drop in the % of children, birth to 6 years of age, living in a home where someone smoked regularly, from 8.4% (2005) to 6.1%
- An increase of one point in the average mathematics scores for both 4th and 8th graders from 2009 to 2011
- A drop in the % of youth ages 16-19 neither enrolled in high school or college nor working, from 9% to 8% (2011)
- A rise in the % of children from birth to 17 years of age living in counties in which levels of one or more air pollutants were above allowable levels, from 59% to 67%
Infectious Disease
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TB Strain Found in 18 Counties Outside Duval County, Florida
In April, the CDC's team's assessment that called Florida's outbreak the worst in 20 years also projected that more than 3,000 people had been in close contact with the sick, but only a few hundred had been evaluated at that time. The report had not been widely circulated until The West Palm Beach Post published it July 8. Key legislators who had pushed for the downsizing of the Department of Health and the closure of the state's only tuberculosis hospital in March said they hadn't been briefed.
Tuberculosis is cause by a bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It usually attacks the lungs but can affect other parts of the body. The disease can be fatal if not treated properly. Tuberculosis has been a disease in decline in most of the United States, and Florida. In 2011, 10,521 cases of active TB were recorded in the United States. Florida had 753 cases of TB, down from 835 in 2010.
Last year, in the shelters and halfway houses where Jacksonville's (the Duval County Seat) homeless congregate, TB bloomed into the nation's most extensive, fastest-growing outbreak, one described by a visiting official from the CDC as among the worst his group had seen in 20 years. Although state health officials maintain the outbreak is now mostly contained within the Jacksonville homeless, a state database obtained by The Palm Beach Post on Friday showed sick people with FL 046 zip codes have also popped up in 17 other Florida counties. About 23% of all FL 046 cases have occurred outside Duval County, analysis suggests, and most of those have been identified in the past two years.
Dr. Steven Harris, deputy secretary of the Florida Department of Health, said last week in a video interview with the News Service of Florida that his agency had the resources needed to manage the outbreak. "The CDC has assigned a public health specialist to the Duval County Health Department to assist us locally, and we have, from our own Bureau of Tuberculosis and Refugee Health, sent staff members to Duval County," Harris said. "We have been doing that since April to assist their local coalition and partners on the ground. We have also identified health department employees from surrounding health departments around Duval County to assist in testing for this strain."
The state has also asked the CDC for a $250,000 supplemental grant, with an additional request contemplated for 2013, to help it find and treat people exposed to TB. The grant proposal, compiled with the help of the state's CDC specialist, would add an additional surveillance team of a doctor, nurse, epidemiologist and support staff. They would be charged with seeking out the close contacts of people who develop active tuberculosis, so they can be questioned about symptoms, and tested if necessary. Other recommended items included fast-food gift cards and free Boost dietary supplement drinks, intended to reward the homeless for staying on their medications. The City Rescue Mission in Duval County should get 23 UV-light air cleaners, and the team should have a van outfitted with an air filtration system, the expert recommended.
A CDC spokesperson confirmed the agency is considering a state request for money "to address programmatic gaps and for strengthening Duval's local infrastructure and capacity to address this TB outbreak."
But across the nation, areas that serve the homeless have had a more difficult time controlling the disease. Treatment for an uncomplicated case can require six months on a cocktail of multiple antibiotics, while drug-resistant strains can take two years to treat, often with drugs that are much more expensive and difficult to find. People without a fixed address and those with substance abuse and mental health problems pose significant problems for public health authorities trying to contain an outbreak. Complicating matters, infected people can have a latent form that can lurk for years before surfacing.
In Jacksonville, health officials are treating 234 people with latent disease with preventive antibiotics. They are also making progress at reaching contacts of people with active TB to test them. Since January, Duval County Health Department officials have screened nearly 2,100 people who may have come in contact with people with active TB.
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Gene Mutations Linked to ALS and Nerve Cell Growth Dysfunction
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, attacks motor neurons, the nerve cells responsible for controlling muscles. People with ALS experience such early symptoms as limb weakness or swallowing difficulties. In most people, the disease leads to death three to five years after symptoms develop, usually as a result of respiratory failure.
A study published online in Nature (15 July 2012), has linked newly discovered gene mutations to some cases of ALS shedding light on how ALS destroys the cells and leads to paralysis.
The study searched for gene mutations in two large families with an inherited form of ALS by using a technique to decode only the protein-encoding portions of DNA, known as the exome, thus allowing an efficient yet thorough search of the DNA regions most likely to contain disease-causing mutations. This deep sequencing of the exome led to the identification of several different mutations in the gene for profilin (PFN1), which were present only in the family members that developed ALS. Further investigations of 272 other familial ALS cases across the world showed that profilin mutations were also found in a small subset (about 1-2%) of the familial ALS cases studied.
The protein profilin is a key part of the creation and remodeling of a nerve cell's scaffolding or cytoskeleton. In fly models, disrupting profilin stunts the growth of axons – the long cell projections used to relay signals from one neuron to the next or from motor neurons to muscle cells. After identifying the PFN1 mutations in ALS patients, the authors demonstrated that these mutations inhibited axon growth in laboratory-grown motor neurons as well. They also found that mutant profilin accumulated in clumps in neural cells, as has been seen for other abnormal proteins associated with ALS, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Neural cells with PFN1 mutations also contained clumps of a protein known as TDP-43. Clumps of abnormal TDP-43 are found in most cases of ALS, further linking profilin to known ALS mechanisms.
Over a dozen genes have been linked to ALS, and these findings support existing studies which suggest that cell cytoskeleton disruptions play a major role in ALS and other motor neuron diseases. Motor neurons are large cells with long axons that connect to muscle, and cytoskeleton proteins are especially important in the transport of proteins along the axon to the remote parts of the neuron. This information could be useful in developing strategies for detection and treatment of ALS.
Familial ALS accounts for 10% of all ALS cases, but the majority of ALS cases are sporadic, where the cause is unknown. Even though this new mutation is linked to familial ALS, it reveals information about the mechanisms underlying motor neuron degeneration in general, and also may have broader implications for understanding sporadic ALS.
Regulatory Affairs
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TARGET HEALTH excels in Regulatory Affairs. Each week we highlight new information in this challenging area
FDA Approves Kyprolis for Some Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma is a form of blood cancer that arises from plasma cells which usually grow in bone marrow, the soft, spongy tissue found inside most bones. The bone marrow is where normal blood cells are produced. According to the American Cancer Society, In 2012 an estimated 21,700 people will be diagnosed with multiple myeloma and 10,710 will die.
The FDA approved Kyprolis (carfilzomib) to treat patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least two prior therapies, including treatment with Velcade (bortezomib) and an immunomodulatory therapy.
The safety and effectiveness of Kyprolis, which is administered intravenously, was evaluated in a study of 266 patients with relapsed multiple myeloma who had received at least two prior therapies, including Velcade and Thalomid (thalidomide). The study was designed to measure the percentage of patients who experienced complete or partial disappearance of tumor after treatment (overall response rate). Results showed that the overall response rate was 23% and the median duration of response was 7.8 months.
The most common side effects observed in more than 30% of the study participants were fatigue, low blood cell count and blood platelet levels, shortness of breath, diarrhea, and fever. Serious side effects seen with Kyprolis included heart failure and shortness of breath. Patients should be monitored closely and treatment withheld if these serious side effects occur.
The drug is being approved under the FDA's accelerated approval program, which allows the agency to approve a drug to treat a serious disease based on clinical data showing that the drug has an effect on a surrogate endpoint that is reasonably likely to predict a clinical benefit to patients. The program is designed to provide patients with earlier access to promising new drugs. The company is required to submit additional clinical information after approval to confirm the drug's clinical benefit.
Krypolis is marketed by Onyx Pharmaceuticals of South San Francisco, CA.
Target Healthy Eating
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Joyce Hays' Tuna Salad
Bumble Bee very low sodium tuna, packed in water
When our neighborhood gourmet deli closed, everyone within a certain radius suffered acutely, from the loss of their closely held family-secret, for tuna salad. We had enjoyed it for years and could not do without; so, it was resolved to discover the recipe in our kitchen, through trial and error.
After many months of experimenting with a variety of ingredients, the final delicious result was reached and we're happy to share it with our readers:
Joyce Hays' Tuna Salad
4 to 8 servings
- 4 cans of Bumblebee solid white albacore tuna, (get the very low-sodium tuna packed in water) Fresh Direct has this item
- 4 hardboiled eggs (use the white only)
- 1/2 onion
- 1 carrot
- 2 sticks from the heart of celery
- 3 Tablespoons Kraft mayonnaise
- Fine or ground black pepper to your taste
- Fresh large leaf parsley, chopped, for garnish
You will need a sauce pan, a cutting board, a grater and a bowl
In the pan boil the 4 eggs for 10 minutes and then run them under cold water. Take the shells off and discard the yolks. On a chopping board, chop all the egg whites into very tiny pieces and put them into the bowl (tiny means just slightly bigger than the head of a pin)
While the eggs are boiling get your other ingredients ready. Scrub the carrot with a plastic scrubber or vegetable brush, and rinse the two sticks of celery. Pat them dry with paper towel. Cut the celery into very tiny pieces and put them into the bowl.
With a hand grater, grate the carrot with the medium holes (not the large slice section or the small holes). Put the grated carrot onto a cutting board and with a large knife, chop it even more into tiny pieces and put them into the bowl with the chopped celery and the egg whites.
Peel the dry skin off the onion and cut it in half. Wrap 1/2 of the onion in saran wrap and refrigerate for another recipe. On a cutting board, slice the remaining 1/2 onion, then slice again, with criss-cross strokes. Finally, use the large knife to chop the slices into very tiny pieces and add this onion into the bowl.
Open the 4 cans of tuna and be sure to drain well. You don't want the water to make the salad runny. After draining well, add all the tune to the bowl and stir all of the ingredients together until well mixed.
Add the fine or ground black pepper according to your taste.
Now add the 3 Tablespoons of Kraft mayonnaise and mix so it's distributed evenly.
Use the parsley garnish as you wish.
Serve on a bed of mixed greens, along with slices of tomato, homemade coleslaw, slices of cucumber and apple and some black olives. Garnish with the chopped parsley. You can also stuff some tomatoes with the tuna salad and serve on salad greens. Naturally, there're hundreds of variations for tuna salad. Try adding Farfalle (bowtie) pasta to this tuna salad, and for lower calorie count, use soy pasta, namely, Shirataki Tofu noodles or spaghetti……..delicious, for all pasta needs, once you get used to it.
There are two secrets to this recipe. The first is the size of the chopped ingredients. Believe it or not, there's a huge difference in the taste of chunks of stuff mixed, vs. tiny chopped ingredients, which allows the flavor to blend better. It took a while to get the exact optimum size, right. The second secret also took a while to dawn, because most of the people we knew, swore by Hellman's mayonnaise and we grew up thinking that nothing could equal it. In a moment of great frustration, after getting the chopping size down pat, it was hard to figure out what was missing. It was a eureka moment when the word "Kraft" entered consciousness; and a glorious shining moment when taste confirmed, that indeed, the perfect tuna salad had emerged.
Your comments are welcomed and feel free to contribute for publishing, in our weekly newsletter, ON TARGET, any of your own (healthy) recipes.
Target Health Inc.
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Target Health (www.targethealth.com) a full service e*CRO, is committed to serve the pharmaceutical community through knowledge, experience, technology and connectivity. Target Health strives to optimize the life cycle of drugs, biologics and devices with expertise, leadership, innovation and teamwork. Target Health Inc. has fulltime staff dedicated to all aspects of Regulatory Affairs, Clinical Research, Biostatistics, Data Management, Strategic Planning and Drug and Device Development. Target Health is committed to the paperless clinical trial and has developed a full suite of eClinical Trial software including:
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8) Target e*CTR™ (eSource, electronic medical record for clinical trials).
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What's New at Target Health Inc.?
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Target Health Presenting at Meeting on Disruptive Innovations
This meeting is a must for anyone working in data management, clinical monitoring and quality assurance, and ready for a change in the way you do your business.
Target Health Inc. will be sponsoring and presenting at the 2nd Annual Disruptive Innovations to Advance Clinical Trials for Pharma, Biologics and Devices event which is being held at The Fairmont Copley Plaza Hotel, Boston, September 13-14, 2012. The conference is designed for drug and device development innovative thinkers who are determined to reinvent clinical trials. It is an outcomes-focused program that not only delves deeply into the key strategic factors impeding clinical trial productivity, but also endeavors to connect the change-makers who will share their results and outcomes.
Dr. Jules T. Mitchel, who is on the DPharm Advisory Board of the conference, will provide an update on the collaboration between Ferring Pharmaceuticals and Target Health Inc. (eCRO) on its approach to the paperless clinical trial including the use of Target e*CTR (eClinical trial record) as an eSource tool and Target Document for the electronic Trial Master File (eTMF). Go to the meeting website and get a 25% discount off the registration fee with code SFD.
Dr. Mitchel is also speaking at a concurrent conference on Executing Clinical Trials – How to Globalize Your Study for Clinical Success. The topic of his panel is Risk-based Monitoring – What Does it Mean for Your Global Study? How Different Organizations are Adapting to a Risk Based Approach to Monitoring in Their Global Studies.
For more information about Target Health contact Warren Pearlson (212-681-2100 ext. 104). For additional information about software tools for paperless clinical trials, please also feel free to contact Dr. Jules T. Mitchel or Ms. Joyce Hays. The Target Health software tools are designed to partner with both CROs and Sponsors. Please visit the Target Health Website at www.targethealth.com
Quiz Questions (fill in the blanks)
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Medical Robots – IBM Creates Physician's Assistant
Watson's avatar, inspired by the IBM "smarter planet" logo
Watson Goes to Medical School
IBM robot, Watson, is devouring the material in medical textbooks and journal articles in hopes of landing a job as a physician's 1) ___. The trainee was sequentially presented the details of a fictitious patient: there's an eye problem; vision is blurred; the family, living in Connecticut, has a history of arthritis. The trainee's initial response was uveitis. More clues and the diagnosis was changed to Behcet's disease until finally the trainee settled on Lyme disease. How sure was this seemingly hasty student of medicine 73% sure.
Medical trainees and 2) ___ are not typically in the habit of quantifying their assessments with such Commander Data-like precision, but this trainee happens to share more qualities with the Star Trek android than the rest of the medical staff. Following its resounding victory on Jeopardy!, IBM's Watson has been working hard to learn as much about medicine as it can with a steady diet of medical textbooks and healthcare journals. The mock case described above was part of a recent demonstration to the Associated Press showing just how much Watson has learned. The robot's diagnosis was correct and it identified a link between symptom and 3) ___ that was "not common," as one participating physician called it. After being told the patient was pregnant and allergic to penicillin, Watson suggested treating her with cefuroxine. Its human colleagues agreed. The demonstration was a success, and it is the hope of IBM and many medical professionals that Watson will one day soon lend doctors a helping hand as they perform their daily 4) ___.
The need for efficient use of medical information becomes more pressing as the amount of 5) ___ amasses at an exponential rate. Dr. Herbert Chase, a Columbia University medical school professor, says that it has been 30 years since doctors were last able to keep pace with the growing body of 6) ___ knowledge. With only so many hours in an often overwhelming day, doctors are hopeless to keep up with a body of knowledge that doubles every 5-7 years. In addition to the struggles of keeping pace, the sheer volume of information presents a separate challenge to share that information effectively. Michael Yuan, a scientist that has worked with IBM, cites a 1999 study that found doctors field more than 1,100 questions a day and fail to answer 64% of them. The inefficient exchange of information leads to mistakes in any field. In the medical field, those mistakes could cost lives. A widely-noted – and hotly debated – report published in 2000 estimated that as many as 98,000 people die in a given year from medical 7) ___ occurring in hospitals. As the report notes, "that's more than die from motor vehicle accidents, breast cancer, or AIDS."
Now imagine Watson on the job. Watson's database would be updated 8) ___ with the latest in research from potentially all online journals. The director of Health Informatics Center at the University of Southern California, Carl Kesselman, points out the need to track advances in genomics, specialized drugs, off-label uses, and the increasingly finer-grained classifications of diseases. Of course the physicians themselves can find the information, but the online searches would be labor-intensive and time-consuming. A 9) ___ assistant like Watson with realtime updates could simply be asked Jeopardy!-style questions to find answers or get second opinions. To make the interactions Jeopardy!-style, speech solutions developer Nuance is currently working with IBM to provide Watson speech recognition 10) ___ customized with medical jargon. Doctors could query Watson's database on the go by speaking into a handheld device.
Watson is named after IBM founder Thomas Watson.
At this early stage in its medical education Watson understandably, still makes mistakes. A team of medical students are working with Watson to catch mistakes and try to identify what causes them. Its knowledge is not limited to science. Watson can also keep an eye on complex treatment guidelines that are often updated so the physician doesn't have to. It can access medical records as well. However, for access to be completely streamlined they need to be digitized. Unfortunately the medical 11) ___ digitization seems to be a change hospitals are thus far slow to adopt. Progress is being made, however, by companies like Practice Fusion, a maker of electronic health records (EHR) systems. Combining the latest medical knowledge with the patient's medical history would give Watson the best chance to catch those rare cases that doctors might be slow to diagnose or miss altogether.
A major break from previous practice is IBM's plan to include patient blogs among Watson's data set. Much as they do now on websites such as carepages.com, patients can share symptoms, drug efficacy, drug side effects, relevant family histories, etc. Like a medical wikipedia, the data cloud that amasses could be mined by Watson to pull out obscure relationships that would normally pass under the radar of doctors concerned only with their 12) ___. For example, cross-reactivity between two types of drugs that aren't taken together very often. In essence, Watson would be conducting its own studies without a priori goals or limitations.
But the data is anecdotal, you say? Dr. Chase agrees, but argues that doctors are already using anecdotal data when they take medical histories. The patients' descriptions are anecdotal, and the doctors don't listen any less.
To many, the patient blogosphere is the most exciting of Watson's resources. What sort of insights into medicine and disease will we gain simply by blogging about our own experiences? As Wikipedia shows us, there's truth in numbers. A major challenge to mining those insightful gems is, blogs that are easily understandable to Watson. It's one thing for a doctor to have a one-on-one conversation with Watson and refine his query when he inevitably runs up against misunderstandings. But it's quite another thing to glean underlying facts from thousands of blogs from all over the 13) ___. A universal format for the patients would help, perhaps including a basic list of yes or no questions.
A know-it-all robotic physician's assistant that you can talk to from anywhere with a handheld device. reminds again, of Star Trek, "Computer, across how many worlds has the epidemic spread?".
One company would argue that it is years ahead of IBM in bringing AI to the forefront of medical diagnosis support – and her name is Isabel. Isabel Healthcare's founder Jason Maude named the database program after his 3 year old daughter Isabel was nearly fatally misdiagnosed by her local hospital. Isabel spent two months in hospital, including a month in PICU after experiencing multiple organ failure and cardiac arrest. Isabel's extensive suffering could have been avoided if the local emergency department and family physicians, instead of assuming her symptoms were typical of the chicken pox from which she was also suffering, had stopped to ask 'what else could this be?' Isabel was later diagnosed to be suffering from well-described complications of chicken pox: Toxic Shock Syndrome and Necrotising Fasciitis. Rather than suing the hospital for the error Isabel Healthcare was created, in honor of Isabel Maude
Created a decade ago, the company's mission is to decrease misdiagnoses, and it performs essentially the same functions as Watson: symptoms are entered and the computer sifts the database to produce a list of the most likely causes. Isabel asks questions that the doctor might not think to ask, indicates the gold standard treatment, and lists relevant medical literature.
So, what do we need Watson for? IBM executives point out that 14) ___ is much faster than Isabel and much better at understanding terms that it hasn't memorized from a textbook. Watson would know, for instance, that "difficulty swallowing" is "dysphagia." Watson has a ways to go before it makes the grade. IBM estimates that they are still a couple years away from making a marketable Watson. Doctors, IBM execs say, should not feel threatened by their fast learning student. The clinician's role is to practice medicine and Watson's role is to support the clinician, to act as a library.
To learn more about medical robotics, click on the videos below:
New Medical Robot from Israel
Improvements With Medical Robotics
ANSWERS: 1) assistant; 2) doctors; 3) cause; 4) rounds; 5) information; 6) medical; 7) errors; 8) daily; 9) physician's; 10) software; 11) record; 12) patients; 13) world; 14) Watson


text:
Installation Methods of External, Exterior and Outdoor Lighting System includes lighting equipments luminaires, control gears, panel boards, poles, brackets, cabling, and allied minor civil works. All installations are to be carried out under strict supervision of qualified supervisors and engineers. If installation required heavy vehicles, extreme care has to be taken for preventing damages of lighting equipments, control gears and poles.
Standard Commercial Products for External and Outdoor Lighting System to be chosen as per the design requirement specified in the project documents including recommended and approved list of manufacturers.
Standard Commercial Products for Road Lighting Luminaires to be chosen as per the design requirement specified in the project documents including recommended and approved list of manufacturers.
Quality Assurance and Standards for External, Exterior and Outdoor Lighting System to be designed, installed and tested all in accordance with the recommendations of IEC, CISPR and Local Authority.
Submittals for External, Exterior and Outdoor Lighting System consists equipment data, compliance statements, shop drawings or construction drawings, samples, product certificates, field test reports, maintenance data and as-built (record) drawings.
External, Exterior and Outdoor Lighting System includes lighting units with luminaires, lamps, ballasts, poles / support structures, and accessories and related power distribution and control, protective earthing and related builder's work including column foundations, cable pits, cable trenches and ductwork.
It will be the Developers responsibility to obtain all necessary approvals from Authorities having jurisdiction for temporary connections to existing infrastructure. Temporary utilities shall be installed in such a manner as not to interfere with permanent construction.
The scope of this specification covers the supply and installation of lighting fixtures applicable to internal and external places of a building. Work includes, the collection, handling, installation and commissioning of the fluorescent, incandescent, chandelier, mercury vapour lamp light fixtures.
This method of statement specifies the detailed requirements and procedures for the installation of Power and Lighting System Wiring. Installation: No wiring be carried out until the appropriate tests required or in the electrical testing section have been done and the consultant has given his clearance for wiring to commence. A loop in form of wiring shall be used as far as practicable or unless otherwise indicated. Joints in conductors shall be made using insulated terminal blocks complying with requirements of this specification.
Earthing Cables: Separate protective earthing cables for lighting column circuits are to be run with power circuit, terminated at LV supply position in lighting control panel and looped into column earthing terminals. The last column is to be bonded via an earthing bolt to a single 16 mm diameter stainless steel rod, 3.6 m long, driven into ground adjacent to column. Bonding is to be 16 mm2 stranded bare copper conductor.
Main earthing bar is to be provided in main distribution room and connected to earth electrode by 2 insulated conductors (minimum 150 mm2) via testing joints. Earthing bars of main distribution boards are to be connected, by insulated earthing conductor, directly to main earthing bar at main distribution room.
Standard Commercial Product for Lighting Columns
Private Sector Commercial Banks in India
SBI SME Supply Chain Loan For Vendors and Dealers
Find Company Master Data Using Company CIN No. in www.mca.gov.in
State Bank Of India (SBI) Corporate Internet Banking (CINB) For Current Account Holders
Google Local Guides: 10 Levels To Reach, More Points, Rewards, and New Badges
Google+ || Facebook.com
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
GSBS Student Publications
Evaluation of novel imidazotetrazine analogues designed to overcome temozolomide resistance and glioblastoma regrowth
GSBS Program
Cancer Biology
Publication Date
UMMS Affiliation
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
Document Type
Cancer Biology | Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics | Therapeutics
The cellular responses to two new temozolomide (TMZ) analogues, DP68 and DP86, acting against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines and primary culture models are reported. Dose-response analysis of cultured GBM cells revealed that DP68 is more potent than DP86 and TMZ and that DP68 was effective even in cell lines resistant to TMZ. On the basis of a serial neurosphere assay, DP68 inhibits repopulation of these cultures at low concentrations. The efficacy of these compounds was independent of MGMT and MMR functions. DP68-induced interstrand DNA cross-links were demonstrated with H2O2-treated cells. Furthermore, DP68 induced a distinct cell-cycle arrest with accumulation of cells in S phase that is not observed for TMZ. Consistent with this biologic response, DP68 induces a strong DNA damage response, including phosphorylation of ATM, Chk1 and Chk2 kinases, KAP1, and histone variant H2AX. Suppression of FANCD2 expression or ATR expression/kinase activity enhanced antiglioblastoma effects of DP68. Initial pharmacokinetic analysis revealed rapid elimination of these drugs from serum. Collectively, these data demonstrate that DP68 is a novel and potent antiglioblastoma compound that circumvents TMZ resistance, likely as a result of its independence from MGMT and mismatch repair and its capacity to cross-link strands of DNA. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(1); 111-9. ©2014 AACR.
DOI of Published Version
Ramirez YP, Mladek AC, Phillips RM, Gynther M, Rautio J, Ross AH, Wheelhouse RT, Sakaria JN. Evaluation of novel imidazotetrazine analogues designed to overcome temozolomide resistance and glioblastoma regrowth. Mol Cancer Ther. 2015 Jan;14(1):111-9. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-14-0113.
Journal/Book/Conference Title
Molecular cancer therapeutics
Related Resources
PubMed ID
Repository Citation
Ramirez, Yulian P.; Mladek, Ann C.; Phillips, Roger M.; Gynther, Mikko; Rautio, Jarkko; Ross, Alonzo H.; Wheelhouse, Richard T.; and Sakaria, Jann N., "Evaluation of novel imidazotetrazine analogues designed to overcome temozolomide resistance and glioblastoma regrowth" (2015). GSBS Student Publications. 1868.


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Wingate Schools
The 50States Wingate school directory. Find Wingate , North Carolina school addresses, phone numbers and other school info.
Go To: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Union Elementary
Students/Teachers: 408 / 32
Grades: Pre-School - 5
5320 White Store Rd
Wingate, NC 28174
Wingate Elementary
Students/Teachers: 766 / 61
Grades: Pre-School - 5
301 Bivens Street
Wingate, NC 28174


text:
Know more about this business than we do? Cool! Please submit any corrections or missing details you may have.Help us make it right
Be the first NOLA.com user to add photos or videos of Miranda Anthony Jr Dr Dentist
Miranda Anthony Dr Dentist Jr is a Dentist facility at 4432 Conlin Street in Metairie, LA.


text:
The collection includes a pamphlet presenting the case for Concorde, a car sticker and ten issues of the C.A.S.E Bulletin
Campaign for Action on Supersonic Engineering
- For more information, email the repository
- Advice on accessing these materials
- Cite this descriptionhttps://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb152-mss.146
- This material is held at
- ReferenceGB 152 MSS.146
- Dates of Creation1974
- Language of MaterialEnglish
- Physical Description0.0065 cubic metres
Scope and Content
Administrative / Biographical History
Campaign for Action on Supersonic Engineering was formed to inform the general public and influential bodies on the case for Concorde. The dates of its operation are not known. It would seem that the organisation was founded in 1974 and ceased shortly afterwards.
The C.A.S.E Bulletins are arranged in numerical order
The Modern Records Centre uses a classification scheme. For further details of the scheme, see http://www.warwick.ac.uk/services/library/mrc/mrcclass.shtml. It is compatible with ISAD(G): General International Standard Archival Description (2000).
Conditions Governing Access
There are no restrictions on access to these papers.
Acquisition Information
This collection was transferred to the Modern Records Centre from Warwick University Library stock.
Other Finding Aids
A copy of this collection-level is available in paper format in the Centre's searchroom, at the National Register of Archives in London and in Chadwyck-Healey's. National Inventory of Documentary Sources. A detailed finding aid for the documentation is available in paper format in the Centre's searchroom.
An authority record exists for Campaign for Action on Supersonic Engineering (GB 152 AAR1955).
Conditions Governing Use
There are no restrictions on the use of this archive, apart from the requirements of copyright law.
Appraisal Information
No appraisal, destruction or scheduling has taken place.
Further deposits are not expected.


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Heisasgoodasheis wins Mobley Futurity
There was a lot to celebrate for the win with Heisasgoodasheis in the $191,400 Gordon Mobley Futurity Saturday, June 18 at Indiana Grand. The win was the first stakes win for owner-trainer-breeder Joe Davis as well as the first stakes win for Jockey Rolando Pina.
The finish of the race was a lot better for Heisasgoodasheis than the start. Being the last to load in the gate, Heisasgoodasheis was reluctant to enter his post 10 slot and extra assistant starters were summoned to coax the two-year-old sorrel son of Chilled Corona into the gate. But once he was in and the bell rang, it was an opportunity for Heisasgoodasheis to bring home a stakes win.
A trio of contenders along the inside, including HH Kentucky Krome and Harold Collins got the first call from Track Announcer Bill Downes and those three looked to be the ones to watch until the wire. However, the outside horses began to surge late in the race, led by Heisasgoodasheis, who was declared the winner following a long photo. Kid Cartel and Fernando Fonseca-Soto was a nose back in second followed by Jess Jace and Rodney Prescott for third. Only one and one-quarter lengths separated the first six finishers of the 10-horse field at the wire.
"I was shocked," said Pina, a native of Mexico who now calls Indiana home. "I didn't think he won it. But once I started sending him, he really took off."
Heisasgoodasheis is now two for three in his brief career. His earnings increased to more than $110,000 with the win in the Gordon Mobley. He was the second choice of the field, paying $6.00, $4.20, $2.80 across the board. The time of the 300-yard sprint was :15.730 seconds.
"We've been second in five or six stakes over last year and this year, including second in the race before (with CB Come Fly With Me) in the Jaguar Rocket," said Davis. "This is the first stakes win for both of us. It's sure a great feeling."
Davis, who is fairly new to the Quarter Horse racing business, owns a heating and cooling business and owns and operates a training center near his home base in Borden, Ind. He was quick to credit others for the successful season that his stable has recorded thus far at Indiana Grand.
"The biggest thing on this win is that if it wasn't for the grooms and Rolando and everyone else involved, we wouldn't be having this success," said Davis. "Everybody pitches in."
Heisasgoodasheis was part of the long-term plan for Davis, who purchased the mare, Sheisassheis, from Chris Duke. The mare was bred to Duke's stallion, Chilled Corona, who now stands in Texas. Davis has continued to work with his latest start on his farm, including time in the gate.
"We stood him (Heisasgoodasheis) at the house and he walked right in," said Davis.
"We had a little bit of trouble getting in the gate in the trial," added Pina. "He is always a little bit shy about going in. He was fine at home but I think the pressure of being up here gets to him."
Heisasgoodasheis has been one of several stars from the Davis Stable in 2016. To date, the stable has won nine races, placing Davis in second place behind Randy Smith. The win aboard Heisasgoodasheis was also significant for Pina, placing him atop the leading Quarter Horse standings for 2016 at Indiana Grand with 11 wins, his first time to hold that position in his young career.
"This is the biggest win for me and the first stakes race win," said Pina. "And, it's so good because it's the first for Joe (Davis) too. We literally started our careers at the same time."


text: Ok guys this is sooooo damm cool. Basically you can now stream any content from your mac to your ipod/iphone via wifi or edge! Also you take take control of your mac from anywhere! Take A Look At My Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BdzrH25wLpI Get the code and info from here: http://code.google.com/p/telekinesis/ If you need any help just ask ;-)


text:
This policy covers how we use your personal information, We take your privacy extremely SERIOUSLY and take all measures to protect your personal information.
onlineappliances.me only collect the information required for you to place and related to your order, this includes the following.:
Billing Address
Shipping Address
Email address
Credit Card information for transaction only. (we do not store your credit card details)
We at Onlineappliances. only use your information to complete your order and guaranteed not to redistribute or sell on your information to Any person or company.
At onlineappliances. we only store your order data, billing, shipping and order contents on our server. This information is encrypted using a secure sockets layer before transmitted over a web server, we do not store your Credit Card data.


text:
Adam Przeworski
New York University
Adam Przeworski is the Carroll and Milton Professor of Politics and Economics at New York University. Previously he taught at the University of Chicago, where he was the Martin A. Ryerson Distinguished Service Professor, and held visiting appointments in India, Chile, France, Germany, Spain, and Switzerland.
A member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 1991, he is the recipient of the 1985 Socialist Review Book Award, the 1998 Gregory M. Luebbert Article Award, the 2001 Woodrow Wilson Prize, the 2010 Lawrence Longley Award, and the 2010 Johan Skytte Prize. He recently published Democracy and the Limits of Self-Government (New York: Cambridge University Press. 2010).
Last Updated: May 25, 2017


text: Just received my new C2D MacBook on November 16. I'm a switcher, and a fan of the Mac setup, but unfortunately I'm already having big problems with this computer. The most recent/important one has to do with the display: at one point tonight when the MB was executing some action (probably having to do with Firefox, I've forgotten), the screen blinked and suddenly it was as if the color quality on my display had been set much lower: color gradients were all messed up, some black lines disappeared, lots of areas were whited out, etc. The display settings are the same as they were when the screen appeared normal, i.e. 1280 x 800 resolution and millions of colors. I've tried shutting down and restarting, changing the resolution/color quality and changing back, but nothing helps. Any thoughts? I'm calling Apple in the morning.


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Kid's Magical Instruments
This is a cool app with musical instruments that will create magic for your child. Your child will be amazed with the different sounds that can be created with just a tap!
Young toddlers will enjoy these simple instruments they can play like bells, chimes tambourine & maracas. As your child gets older and a little more coordinated, try rhythm instruments that like cymbals, piano or tom-tom drum.
Have fun with your child in a world filled with music!!
Musical instruments in this app:
7.Tom-tom drum
Father is a special gift from god. Mother is like a roof and Father is like a wall, both together build a house for loving family with you.
Inspees brings you Father's day special mobile games to let Fathers know how thankful and grateful we are for having them around.
Happy Father's Day!


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As posted on Amazon now lets you make hands-free calls on all Alexa devices
"Alexa, call my mother."
Yes, the future of hands-free calling is here after Amazon announced the new Echo Show on Tuesday, a version of its popular smart speaker with a touchscreen that looks like a '90s television. With the Show, the company announced video calling for the device as well as free voice calling and messaging on the Alexa platform to all Echo devices, as well as the Alexa app, which can be used on iOS and Android.
To call, just ask Alexa—no hands needed. There's also a messaging feature, which allows you to share voicemail style audio messages, and receive them via the device and the Alexa app. Alexa uses a VoIP service to make the calls.
At its core, this is simply a landline for 2017. Landline phones having been on the decline for years, but the desire to talk to people while at home is not going anywhere. A video update to the landline may sound trivial, but it's significant for parents with young children and the elderly. The seamlessness of the video call will be key—something that can only be tried and tested when the device launches in June.
Echo is available in a handful of countries and continues to expand internationally, which will make the incentive to use Alexa's free calling and messaging even stronger. The incentive to use it is similar to Apple's FaceTime, which found great success with iOS users. Amazon has a much larger market share in the smart speaker space—about 70 percent, according to a recent eMarketer survey—as compared to Apple's 17.8 percent share of the smartphone market. (Of course, there are many more smartphones in the world than smart speakers. But it's still a nice head start for Amazon.)
Amazon's calling and messaging could be used regardless of phone or laptop operating systems, with Alexa being the uniting platform. Being able to make free calls to your home from anywhere in the world is another feature that is technically possible in many different apps and devices, but it's extremely powerful when done as seamlessly as the Echo promises. Google's competing smart speaker, Home, doesn't allow that yet, although it wouldn't be surprising to see the company add the feature as it already has a number of apps with similar functionality.
The feature will be rolling out to the Echo, Dot, and Alexa App for iOS and Android on Tuesday.


text:
The Brady Bunch (1969)
1 mistake in The Show Must Go On??
Starring: Ann B. Davis, Florence Henderson, Maureen McCormick, Robert Reed
Continuity mistake: The CLOSED sign behind Sam in the butcher shop keeps alternating between being tilted to the left and tilted to the right. (00:14:45)Jeff Swanson
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text:
29th Scholarship Fund Annual Luncheon
The National Association of Black Suppliers Scholarship Fund would like to say thank you to everyone who came out on May 10, 2017 to celebrate and honor Mr. John E. Taylor with the "Leave a Legacy" award.
Sponsors for this year's event: Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing, NA, Inc., General Motors, LLC, Delphi Corporation, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Detroit Chassis, LLC, JMA Global, LLC, James Group International, NABS Members and others.
Proceeds from this year's awards luncheon will fund scholarships and provide mentoring for the following outstanding seniors who will pursue careers related to the automotive industry.
NABS 29th Annual Scholarship Awardees:


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Last day at the pool
The Tates Creek, Shillito and Woodland pools will close for the season at 5 p.m.
Roots & Heritage Festival begins
It started as a neighborhood street fair in 1989; now this event draws thousands for a celebration of black culture, featuring concerts, arts and crafts, a parade and more, along Elm Tree Lane between Short and Fourth streets. The festival runs through Sunday. (Rootsfestky.com)
The circus is in town
The Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus presents Circus Xtreme, featuring feats of strength, agility and courage. Shows are 7 p.m. Friday; 11 a.m., and 3 and 7 p.m. Saturday; and 2 p.m. Sunday at Rupp Arena. Tickets are $15 to $65. (Ticketmaster.com)
Time for a brat and a brew
For live music, games, food and drink, head to Christ the King Oktoberfest on Friday and Saturday at Cathedral of Christ the King, 299 Colony Boulevard. Headliners for live music include Gin Blossoms on Friday and Fastball on Saturday. Attraction start at 4 p.m. Friday and 1 p.m. Saturday. Free admission. (Ctkoktoberfest.com)
Kentucky's own Loretta Lynn performs
The most awarded female country recording artist will play Renfro Valley in Mount Vernon. 8:30 p.m.; $55-$65.
16th annual Doggie Paddle
Take your canine friend for a swim from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. at Woodland Aquatic Center, 190 Old Park Avenue; $10-$25 depending on what time your dog swims. Proceeds go toward improving the city's dog parks and to Lexington Humane Society. You can register for a time at Lexingtonhumanesociety.org. Humans will not be allowed to swim and dogs must be up-to-date on rabies and city license.


text: Request SamplesGet a QuoteView our FAQTraining Videos Reduce CNC machining time with Precision Board custom bonded blocks Watch our 1:37 video showing assembly of a complex custom block Custom bonded blocks can be a vital asset for any soft tooling application. Our custom bonded blocks allow you to save significant CNC machining time, since you only need to machine minimal excess material, rather than machining an entire block down to size. See the diagram below: As you can see, the savings in CNC machining time and material when using Precision Board custom blocks are substantial. Additionally, our skilled production crew is able to create highly complex tooling blocks from scratch, in any size and any density. Click the button below to get a quote on your own custom bonded Precision Board block! Get a Quote on a Custom Block! Share this: Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) Related


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Andrew Hurwitz: Executive Director of WWFF
Attending CGI U at Arizona State University was an absolutely incredible experience. It was great to hear from such influential and proven leaders. Specifically, Bunker Roy and his unique take on education made a huge impact on me. Although our Will Work For Food team learned so much during the plenary and outbreak sessions, getting to meet likeminded socially active college students from across the globe was our favorite part. I loved hearing about their personal stories and commitments to action. It was truly inspirational to learn how these young adults are taking it upon themselves to change the world and make a meaningful impact. These relationships and future collaborations will surely help WWFF broaden its impact.


text:
A Scam Email with the Subject "Re: Mr. Santiago D. Nicholas" was received in one of Scamdex's honeypot email accounts on Wed, 14 Jun 2017 01:52:31 -0400 and has been classified as a Advance Fee Fraud/419 Scam. The sender was "Mr. Sdn"<.@info.org>, although it may have been spoofed.
Dearest Beloved in Christ,
Peace of the Lord be with you and family, I am Mr. Santiago Diego Nicholas a Spanish national based in
United Kingdom, I have ($25M) twenty five Million united states dollars with a finance House in United State.
I will want you to help me collect this deposit and dispatch it to charity organizations. You will take out 30%
of these funds for your assistance to help ME disburse this fund to charities. I will like you to acknowledge
the receipt of this e-mail as soon as possible and treats with absolute confidentiality and sincerity.
Please write me through my private email ASAP: email@example.com
Yours Sincerely,
Santiago Diego Nicholas
#5 Catherine Pa, Westminster,
London SW1E 6DY, UK


text:
Friday, October 6, 2017
Fast Day (Wine and Oil Allowed) | Wine and oil are allowed. Refrain from meat, fish, dairy, and eggs.
Today we commemorate
- The Holy and Glorious Apostle Thomas
- Eroteis the Martyr of Cappadocia
- Makarios the Righteous of Chios
Prayer of the Hour
Ninth Hour Prayers
O Christ God, Who at the ninth hour tasted death in the flesh for our sake, put to death the arrogance of our flesh and save us! When the Thief saw the Author of Life hanging on the cross he said: If God had not become flesh, He would not have been crucified with us, nor would the sun have hidden its rays.
In 2018 we celebrate:
Great Lent: February 19
Holy Pascha (Easter): April 8
Holy Pentecost: May 27
Find the Date of Pascha in:


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Mehendi Is Not Just A Natural Dye
Mehendi is quite frequently used by the women, especially in the subcontinent.Mehendi is basically a natural dye that is used occasionally. Earlier Mehendi was frequently used by the women for more than one purpose. The most prominent purpose for which Mehendi is used these days is deigning, the designing of Mehendi is an art and need lots of practice.
Uses Of Mehendi:
In the Indian subcontinent Mehendi is used not just for making the designs, but there are other useful advantages of Mehendi as well. But as far as the designing of the Mehendi is concerned, it is an art performed with the help of the hands. Mehendi designs are not just restricted to hands only; there are many other parts of the body on which the Mehendi can be applied and more importantly with the artistic designs.
There are two options with Mehendi designs, Mehendi can be applied with the help of someone having the skills or you can do it by yourself. In both cases the difference could be the perfection in design. The Mehendi designing is purely an art that is why women normally prefer to take the services from a person that has skills in designing. Interested fact about Mehendi is that it can be applied in a number of ways. The composition of the Mehendi is one of the major parts that have an effect on the overall result of the design. The designing of Mehendi is directly concerned with the quality as well.
Mehendi is basically a paste. The paste can be made using the water and the Mehendi powder. But the quality of the powder will determine that how much dark it can be after it gets dry. When Mehendiis applied on to the body, it should be allowed to get dry for some time. The water content from the paste dries away, leaving behind Mehendi only. Mehendi is a type of dye that can get highlighted onto your skin. Once you see that the paste is dried off, you can remove the paste anytime you want.
Naturally Mehendi is not only useful with the designs only; there are some advantages as well. As Mehendi is obtained from natural plants and leaves, it can be applied to hairs, nails and skin also. The purpose of having designs on hands and the feet's is not only the beauty that it can offer a fresher skin. There are some additions that can be done along with the water. Normally a design on the hands or the feet can last for only a week or so. But if you want to make a design that can last longer than a week you can add lemon juice to the paste as well.


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Written by:
01/06/2011 10:10
UK Consumers are urged to think twice about buying fish potentially sourced from Thailand's 'floating prisons'.
An escaped 'slave' fisherman, Zaws Zaw, has told the BBC how he was illegally trafficked from Burma to Thailand where he was the sold to work on a fishing vessel. Thailand is the UK's largest supplier of fish (namely Tuna and Prawns) and campaigners are urging consumers to think twice before buy fish caught by the Thai feet, one of the largest in the world.
Zaw Zaw's story is one of brutality, drugging, and cruelty. Forced to work 18 hour days and take amphetamines in order maintain a fast pace of work, he witnessed the murder of fellow enslaved crew members. But as shocking as it is, it's far from unique.
Reports have shown that migrants from countries including Cambodia, Burma, Ghana, and Bangladesh, have been sold or misled into forced labour aboard what CNN describe as "floating prisons crewed by slaves" in Thailand.
Motivated by fear to work long hours with little sleep and no financial reward, conditions for the slaves are dire. CNN reported that one victim considered murder to be rife. With those who succumb to illness or exhaustion, being killed and thrown overboard, "their nets sometimes snagged bodies of crew dumped from other ships."
The Thai authorities say they cannot comment on individual cases, but insist laws are in place and they are doing what they can to stop the abuses and to regulate Thailand's huge fishing fleet. However the Environmental Justice Foundation states that "Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) or 'pirate' fishing is devastating marine environments... and is unsustainable. It is driven by the enormous global demand for seafood and is symptomatic of the wider crises in world fisheries."
Human rights groups now want consumers to pressure the Thai government to regulate the industry more efficiently, and insist that more could and should be done to put an end to such injustices.
Andy Hall works with a human rights group for Burmese migrants in Thailand. He believes people in Britain and around the world should be aware of what they are buying. "What we would say is when you buy your fish, and that fish comes from Thailand, it's coming from an industry where there is a gross exploitation of people who are trafficked into the industry, who are working such long hours in inhumane conditions." He added, "The people who are receiving this fish need to be demanding that the Thai government regulate the fishing industry and ensure that the exploitation is reduced, because at the moment it is a very serious problem."
Ethical news archive going back to July 2009.
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In the Amazon, native healers work with medicinal plants from the rainforest, and prepare remedies for people who live in their areas. Often, these traditional healers are the only doctors available. In the course of my extensive travels in the Amazon, I have met many highly capable healers. One Brazilian woman, Nazareth, possessed extraordinary plant knowledge.
Nazareth lived by the Amazon river, in a tidy shack that suggested constant care and attention. My native friend Ipupiara and I stepped onto a neat, well kept porch, and were greeted by Nazareth. At sixty-four, her skin looked weathered beyond her years. But her eyes shone with great warmth, and she appeared trim and fit. We introduced ourselves and told her that we had come because we heard that she was an expert in plant medicines.
Over the course of the next few hours, Nazareth told us about several dozen plants, and described their uses. Some of the plant names she gave were in Portugese, some in native dialects. I subsequently identified many of the plants she described by referencing my notes with botanical books. Several proved to be popular plant remedies used widely by numerous native groups in the Amazon, but little used anywhere else. The following plant remedies hint at the vast pharmacopoeia of medicinal rainforest plants used by Nazareth and the traditional native healers of that area.
Andiroba (Carapa guianensis)
This is a huge tree, the fruit capsule of which contains oil-bearing seeds. Andiroba seed oil is used as a household liniment to rub on muscle sprains, rashes, sore and inflamed tissue, and skin tumors. It is used to remove ticks, and is applied to the skin in cases of infestation by some types of parasites. Indians use andiroba oil by itself or mixed with annato oil (Bixa orellana) to repel insects. The bark of the andiroba tree is made into an infusion for internal use in cases of fever and intestinal worms. Nazareth explained that making infusions of tree barks was commonly accomplished by placing a small handful of bark in a vessel of room temperature water, letting it sit overnight, and drinking the resulting liquid in the morning.
Aripari (Macrolobium acaciaefolium)
From this tree commonly used for making boats, aripari bark is taken internally as an infusion to relieve diarrhea. Topically, finely powdered leaves are used to treat ulcerated wounds.
Mastruco (Chenopodium ambrosoides)
This common tropical plant is astringent and highly aromatic. Dubbed "wormseed," mastruco contains ascaridole, a nematicide which kills Ascarus, a large intestine nematode, and Oxyrus, a large species of pinworm. Infusions of the plant are used to kill roundworms, tapeworms, hookworms and dysentery. An infusion of the leaves is used to relieve flatulence and asthma, and to improve breathing. Some native women use mastruco to relieve cramps and as a contraceptive, and the plant is also employed to induce labor.
Quebra pedra (Phyllanthus niruri)
A leafy shrub, quebra pedra, also known as "shatter stone" makes a bitter-tasting tea used as a diuretic, to treat kidney infections, eliminate kidney stones and gallstones. Quebra pedra inhibits the hepatitis B virus, and is under investigation for use in cases of hepatitis and other liver diseases. The plant contains anti-carcinogenic agents, and is rich in antioxidant phenols which inhibit cellular aging.
Jurubeba (Solanum paniculatum)
A popular hangover remedy, jurubeba is used widely throughout Brazil, and is drunk as a tea to relieve discomfort associated with excessive consumption of both food and alcohol. Jurubeba tea and extract reputedly work quickly, relieving discomfort quickly. The tea relieves indigestion, and reputedly reduces inflammation of the liver and spleen. The plant contains alkaloids and a steroidsaponin compound named paniculidin, which may account for Jurubeba's liver-protective properties. The leaves, roots, and fruit of the plant are all used.
Tayuya (Cayaponia tayuya)
A widely used analgesic, tayuya contains cancer-inhibiting compounds known as cucurbitacins which may additionally inhibit the Epstein-Barr virus. The plant reputedly relieves many types of pain, especially nerve pain, headaches and backaches. Tayuya is additionally taken as a general tonic, to regulate metabolism, to cleanse the blood and to reduce swelling.
Chris Kilham is a medicine hunter who researches natural remedies all over the world, from the Amazon to Siberia. He teaches ethnobotany at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where he is Explorer In Residence. Chris advises herbal, cosmetic and pharmaceutical companies and is a regular guest on radio and TV programs worldwide. His field research is largely sponsored by Naturex of Avignon, France. Read more at www.MedicineHunter.com
Chris Kilham is a medicine hunter who researches natural remedies all over the world, from the Amazon to Siberia. Chris advises herbal, cosmetic and pharmaceutical companies, is a regular guest on radio and TV programs worldwide, and is the author of fifteen books. Read more at MedicineHunter.com.


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Our School's Vision
"To provide the best all-round education for primary-aged children"
We will achieve this vision by providing:
1 School's Context and Characteristics
… a caring, happy, and safe learning environment which supports and values every individual in our learning community.
2 Achievement of all Pupils
… outstanding achievements and personal development.
3 The Quality of Teaching
… excellent teachers, caring staff.
4 Behaviour and Safety of Pupils
… a friendly, welcoming atmosphere which helps nurture responsible, confident, articulate and well-behaved pupils.
5 Leadership and Management
… a school curriculum of inspiring opportunities which motivate children to achieve great things.
6 Overall Effectiveness
… the best all-round education for primary-aged children.


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Bedbug infestations are posing a great problem in homes and even in some work places. In homes, this can cause untold suffering and discomfort. From the sofas in the lounge to the bedroom, these parasites will hunt you down leaving not space for rest. It even gets worse if your bed is infested because you will not enjoy your sleep, rest and comfort desired to refresh for the next day. In spite of this, there are simple things you can do to rid yourself of the menace without having to spend so much money or hire some company for services or an expert. Here are five steps that will come in handy in your quest to eliminate bedbugs in your home.
1. Wash infested clothes in hot water.
Bedbugs only increase in your home if they get the right conditions to hatch their eggs. Bedbugs and their eggs cannot survive hot water. It is advisable to wash all your clothes, beddings, pajamas and any other infested linen in hot water and you will be killing all the eggs that would have continued your bedbug infestation.
2. Dry clothes in the sun.
Drying your clothes in the sun has numerous benefits. You may already know that sun rays kill many bacteria that are harmful to the body and especially those that find home in underwear. Bedbugs also lay their eggs in hidden parts of your clothes and only the suns heat can penetrate to such places. If you only dry your clothes in the drier or are in winter, set your drying temperatures slightly above the normal to increase the amount of heat reaching the clothes. This will make sure any egg or bedbug that survived the hot water laundry does not have a second chance.
3. Vacuum cleaning
There are many items in a home or office that are never washed or cleaned in one way or another. Some of these include computers, laptops, sofas, and even lockers. The best tool you have against bedbugs in these items is the vacuum cleaner. Vacuum each and every one of these items to kill the bedbugs and their eggs. Leaving such items unclean for a long time creates perfect conditions for bedbug infestation and any effort to eliminate bedbugs without such a holistic approach will inhibit success.
4. Wipe with Disinfectants
Cleaning the house items without a disinfectant may not offer you the best protection from bedbug infestation. You need to follow up every cleaning and vacuuming with a thorough wiping using a disinfectant. This helps to clean out any egg or bedbug which may have been left out in the cleaning. Use a clean cloth and wipe every surface, corners and under beds, tables, cabinets, wardrobes and shelves.
5. Insecticides
There are many insecticides that can be used to exterminate bedbugs in a home. You can find them in many stores and they normally come with a user's manual that is easy to understand. They are either in powder or liquid form. You need to read the instructions carefully to know how to use them as some can be harmful if inhaled or in contact with food items. There are some which are natural and biodegradable which are better to use when you are doing self extermination.
These five steps can save you the hustle of having to source for a bedbug extermination company and you will spend less than they would normally charge. Expert help is however necessary in cases of serious infestations where you need to employ more professional equipment and materials. They can also advice on the best way to keep your house free from bedbugs.


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Jumar's 'world tour' is heading to Australia, in what is set to be another busy few weeks.
Our MD, Wendy Merricks, and Client Services Director, Andy Scott, are jetting off to Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane at the end of October/start of November to meet clients new and old, and to catch up on the benefits of some of the projects we've carried out in Australia.
It all comes just weeks after our CA Gen seminar tour of Europe (Germany, Sweden, Netherlands and UK) – and in only a few weeks time, we'll be off to the USA for the EDGEucate conference in Texas.
Wendy and Andy's Australian agenda is filling up rapidly. They'll be meeting some of the major organisations who've used Jumar's IT modernisation services, CA Gen consultancy and other CA Gen related services. They will also be meeting new contacts too – to demonstrate how Jumar's automation tools can hugely simplify a whole host of IT transformation projects. This approach can mean considerable cost savings – but also brings other benefits. Why lose all the knowledge and value from your existing applications by replacing them? Jumar can help you harvest this, and retain its value to the business.
If you would like Wendy or Andy to visit your organisation during their Australian tour, please drop us a line.
So what's happening further afield? Well, in November, it's the EDGEucate users' group conference in Texas. Andy will be joined by our Business Development Manager Paul Hughes to present on the benefits of automating IT change and to share some of the lessons learned from a selection of Jumar's large scale projects over the last 12 months. More details on this are here.


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Craig Murray, Workplace Consultant at TSK Group, explains how great workplaces can align purpose, experience and can be key to achieving strategic outcomes.
Take a look around many workplaces and you will see space dedicated to workstations with many desks sitting empty, reduced in size due to organisational growth replacing key spaces that once balanced privacy, concentration and interaction.
Brand messages overlaid throughout the building with only the inside of the communal fridge portraying the quality of human relationships and culture "if you won't share milk you won't share an idea, collaborate or develop innovations that drive competitive advantage for your organisation and customer". For many organisations workplaces are a liability on the balance sheet that no longer support the needs of its leadership, employee, or customer experience.
Your talent is typically 80% of your of your expenditure. How can your workplace be a catalyst to that talent, drive effective customer outcomes and move from liability to become a key component of your strategic capability and part of your 'how to win' strategy?
Great workplaces align purpose, experience and customer outcomes created via dedicated design thinking, that will allow you to realise the potential of this key strategic asset.
Our project for MWH Global, recently shortlisted in Insider NW Property Awards, was designed to do this and is a great example of how workplaces can promote collaboration, innovation and enhance productivity.


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RachelLee wrote:I've been undergoing a LOT of stress lately in college, and just a few minutes ago started feeling weird pins and needles sensations in random parts of my body, sort of like how my twitches move around. And I also feel kind of itchy. I dunno if that's normal. But, I feel a little better knowing other people have experienced some of the pins and needles thing and are OK.
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Temporary Sign Amendments
The City of Loveland is currently in the process of reviewing and amending their Temporary Sign code. As the "Driving Force for Business" the Loveland Chamber is working with City to create amendments that not only help maintain a pleasant environment to reside and work, but foster an economic climate that is healthy for business.
The Loveland Chamber and it's Local Legislative Affairs Committee (LLAC) will not only be monitoring the proposed changes, but will be actively engaging with the City's staff, Planning Commission and City Council to assure the proposed amendments are business friendly. We invite you to please share your thoughts on the issue.
You can learn more by reading the link to the proposed changes and you can share your thoughts by attending an upcoming meeting or by emailing Brian Willms at firstname.lastname@example.com. Be sure to add Temporary Sign Amendments in the subject line.


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You can't make this stuff up!
– Not Thursday Humor: Saudi Arabia Plans To Head U.N. Human Rights Council (ZeroHedge, May, 20, 2015):
The fact that Saudi Arabia is on the U.N. Human Rights Council at all is more than sufficient to make a mockery out of the entire body. Nevertheless, it appears this ridiculous membership isn't enough for the Saudis, and the Washington Free Beacon is reporting that the medieval desert monarchy is angling to take over the head position when the leadership position becomes available after 2016.
Related info:
– Saudi Arabia performs 84th beheading in 2015
– Beheading of 5 foreigners in Saudi Arabia triggers outcry from human rights campaigners


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Hi All,
So I've been wanting to increase my fitness and loose a little weight and decided to have a go at running. My partners mother in law recommended following this programme to me. So I took myself to up and running, bought some decent running shoes and took to the streets. After WK1R1 I thought that running 5K was absolutely unfeasible, however I've stuck to the programme and I've made it to run 2 of week 6 (having repeated week 4 twice on the way, and getting over my horror of seeing the plan for week 5 run 3)!
Anyway the reason for this post.... I have started to experience pain in my right knee, it's kind of towards the top left and my knee kinda feels a little grindy. Having gone straight to google I'm being told that its probably runners knee and that I need to stop running and let it recover. I was wondering if this is something others experienced at this point in the programme. How they recovered, how long it took and how they knew it was ok to start running again. I was also wondering at what point in the programme I should start from again, I really hope my stupid knee wont undo all my hard work and I end up finding running for 60secs hard again!
I was hoping to do a 5K charity run on 10th December, its probably a good job I didnt enter yet!
Any tips, and advice would be greatly appreciated.


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Actually, my aunt speaks to her in Spanish at times, and French as well. She had spent 20+ years of her career in Spanish speaking countries and it is practically 2nd nature to her. In July the 2 of them went to a Japanese Art Deco exhibit at the John Ringling Museum and my aunt was duly impressed by how much my daughter was able to translate.
Grandpa makes sure they know what a trebouchet is, why it is important, and can rebuild the model that I gave them. That set, at least is getting a good education.
The other poor grandkids are in California. Lord help 'em.


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Comanche Moon
A NovelBook - 1997
We join Texas Rangers August McCrae and Woodrow F. Call in their middle years, just beginning to deal with the perplexing tensions of adult life -- Gus and his great love, Clara Forsythe; Call and Maggie Tilton, the young whore who loves him --when they enlist with a Ranger troop in pursuit of Buffalo Hump, the great Comanche war chief; Kicking Wolf, the celebrated Comanche horse thief; and a deadly Mexican bandit king with a penchant for torture. Assisting the Rangers in their wild chase is the renowned Kickapoo tracker, Famous Shoes.
"Comanche Moon" joins the twenty-year time line between "Dead Man's Walk" and "Lonesome Dove," as we follow beloved heroes Gus and Call and their comrades-in-arms -- Deets, Jake Spoon, and Pea Eye Parker -- in their bitter struggle to protect an advancing Western frontier against the defiant Comanches, courageously determined to defend
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I have not read "Lonesome Dove" yet. I've read the first two prequels and am not impressed. I was expecting a lot more. I think it' s because I really don't like any of the characters!
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Ten days ago I posted a blog entitled 'My 40 day challenge begins' and today I am looking back at the first week. The goal of my '40 day challenge' is to reduce my body fat by 3%, which works out at 0.5% a week. The way I am going to achieve this is by sticking to six simple rules:
- Train hard
- Eat clean
- One cheat meal a week
- Drink lots of water
- Focus on the process
- Have fun
With week one in the bag it is time to look at the results…
Close but no cigar is how I would sum up my first week. I missed my goal by 0.1%, which is really annoying. On the plus side I did reduce my body fat by 0.4% and my weight also came down. I am using the Boditrax machine at the gym to track my progress and below are screenshots of my body fat and weight results:
Obviously missing out on my goal means that I need to drop 0.6% this week to get back on track but that is very achievable. I generally stuck to my six rules last week and it worked so hopefully by sticking to my six rules for the next four days I will be in good shape come my Monday morning check in.
The good and the bad
As I go through this challenge I am going to identify one positive and one thing I could have done better from the week before. Below are last weeks:
Good – Last week I completed five strength sessions, smashed a Les Mills RPM session, destroyed an amazing cheat meal and I had a lot of fun! I even managed to get in a round of golf on Sunday afternoon.
Could do better – I did not drink anywhere enough water last week. I am usually really good at drinking 3 litres of water a day but on Friday and Sunday I didn't manage that combined. I am not sure if that affected my results but it is something I am really concentrating on this week.
Even though I didn't hit my goal on Monday I still feel I had a very good week. It is obviously early days and my check in on Monday is going to be massive, but I am confident of catching up that 0.1%!
Thanks for reading